FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Foshee, VA Reyes, HLM Vivolo-Kantor, AM Basile, KC Chang, LY Faris, R Ennett, ST AF Foshee, Vangie A. Reyes, Heath Luz McNaughton Vivolo-Kantor, Alana M. Basile, Kathleen C. Chang, Ling-Yin Faris, Robert Ennett, Susan T. TI Bullying as a Longitudinal Predictor of Adolescent Dating Violence SO JOURNAL OF ADOLESCENT HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Adolescent dating abuse; Dating violence; Dating violence prevention; Bullying ID SEXUAL-HARASSMENT; GENDER-DIFFERENCES; MIDDLE SCHOOL; PROTECTIVE FACTORS; PHYSICAL VIOLENCE; PERPETRATION; AGGRESSION; PEER; VICTIMIZATION; BEHAVIOR AB Purpose: One suggested approach to preventing adolescent dating violence is to prevent behavioral precursors to dating violence, such as bullying. However, no longitudinal study has examined bullying as a behavioral precursor to dating violence. In this study, longitudinal data were used to examine (1) whether direct and indirect bullying perpetration in the sixth grade predicted the onset of physical dating violence perpetration by the eighth grade and (2) whether the associations varied by sex and race/ethnicity of the adolescent. Methods: Data were collected in school from sixth graders in three primarily rural counties and then again when students were in the eighth grade. Analyses were conducted with 1,154 adolescents who had not perpetrated dating violence at the sixth-grade assessment. The sample was 47% male, 29% black, and 10% of another race/ethnicity than black or white. Results: Direct bullying, defined as hitting, slapping, or picking on another kid in the sixth grade, predicted the onset of physical dating violence perpetration by the eighth grade, controlling for indirect bullying and potential confounders. Although indirect bullying, defined as spreading false rumors and excluding students from friendship groups, was associated with the onset of physical dating violence perpetration in bivariate analyses, it did not predict the onset of physical dating violence when controlling for direct bullying. None of the associations examined varied by sex or race/ethnicity of the adolescents. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that efforts targeted at preventing direct bullying may also prevent the onset of physical dating violence. (C) 2014 Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine. All rights reserved. C1 [Foshee, Vangie A.; Reyes, Heath Luz McNaughton; Chang, Ling-Yin; Ennett, Susan T.] Univ N Carolina, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Behav, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Vivolo-Kantor, Alana M.; Basile, Kathleen C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Violence Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA USA. [Faris, Robert] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Sociol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Foshee, VA (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Behav, 319B Rosenau Hall CB 7440, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. EM foshee@email.unc.edu FU National Institute on Drug Abuse [RO1 DA 13459]; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [R49 CCV423114]; CDC [13IPA1303570, 13IPA130569] FX This research was funded by the National Institute on Drug Abuse (RO1 DA 13459), the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (R49 CCV423114), and an interpersonnel agency agreement (IPA) between Dr. Foshee and the CDC (13IPA1303570) and between Dr. McNaughton Reyes and the CDC (13IPA130569). NR 40 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 5 U2 29 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1054-139X EI 1879-1972 J9 J ADOLESCENT HEALTH JI J. Adolesc. Health PD SEP PY 2014 VL 55 IS 3 BP 439 EP 444 DI 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2014.03.004 PG 6 WC Psychology, Developmental; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pediatrics SC Psychology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pediatrics GA AO2HE UT WOS:000341138400022 PM 24768162 ER PT J AU White, GE Seaman, C Filios, MS Mazurek, JM Flattery, J Harrison, RJ Reilly, MJ Rosenman, KD Lumia, ME Stephens, AC Pechter, E Fitzsimmons, K Davis, LK AF White, Gretchen E. Seaman, Christen Filios, Margaret S. Mazurek, Jacek M. Flattery, Jennifer Harrison, Robert J. Reilly, Mary Jo Rosenman, Kenneth D. Lumia, Margaret E. Stephens, Alicia C. Pechter, Elise Fitzsimmons, Kathleen Davis, Letitia K. TI Gender differences in work-related asthma: surveillance data from California, Massachusetts, Michigan, and New Jersey, 1993-2008 SO JOURNAL OF ASTHMA LA English DT Article DE Gender differences; occupational asthma; reactive airways dysfunction syndrome; surveillance; work-related asthma; work-aggravated asthma ID ADULT-ONSET ASTHMA; OCCUPATIONAL ASTHMA; SEX-DIFFERENCES; RESPIRATORY SYMPTOMS; EXACERBATED ASTHMA; FINNISH POPULATION; REPORTED INCIDENCE; CLEANING PRODUCTS; HEALTH; PREVALENCE AB Objective: To characterize work-related asthma by gender. Methods: We analyzed state-based sentinel surveillance data on confirmed work-related asthma cases collected from California, Massachusetts, Michigan, and New Jersey during 1993-2008. We used Chi-square and Fisher's Exact Test statistics to compare select characteristics between females and males. Results: Of the 8239 confirmed work-related asthma cases, 60% were female. When compared to males with work-related asthma, females with work-related asthma were more likely to be identified through workers' compensation (14.8% versus 10.6%) and less likely to be identified through hospital data (14.2% versus 16.9%). Moreover, when compared to males, females were more likely to have work-aggravated asthma (24.4% versus 13.5%) and less likely to have new-onset asthma (48.0% versus 56.5%). Females were also more likely than males with work-related asthma to work in healthcare and social assistance (28.7% versus 5.2%), educational services (11.8% versus 4.2%), and retail trade (5.0% versus 3.9%) industries and in office and administrative support (20.0% versus 4.0%), healthcare practitioners and technical (13.4% versus 1.6%), and education training and library (6.2% versus 1.3%) occupations. Agent groups most frequently associated with work-related asthma were miscellaneous chemicals (20.3%), cleaning materials (15.3%), and indoor air pollutants (14.9%) in females and miscellaneous chemicals (15.7%), mineral and inorganic dusts (13.2%), and pyrolysis products (12.7%) in males. Conclusions: Among adults with work-related asthma, males and females differ in terms of workplace exposures, occupations, and industries. Physicians should consider these gender differences when diagnosing and treating asthma in working adults. C1 [White, Gretchen E.; Seaman, Christen; Filios, Margaret S.; Mazurek, Jacek M.] NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Flattery, Jennifer; Harrison, Robert J.] Calif Dept Publ Hlth, Occupat Hlth Branch, Richmond, CA USA. [Reilly, Mary Jo; Rosenman, Kenneth D.] Michigan State Univ, Div Occupat & Environm Med, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Lumia, Margaret E.; Stephens, Alicia C.] New Jersey Dept Hlth, Environm & Occupat Hlth Surveillance Program, Trenton, NJ USA. [Pechter, Elise; Fitzsimmons, Kathleen; Davis, Letitia K.] Massachusetts Dept Publ Hlth, Occupat Hlth Surveillance Program, Boston, MA USA. RP White, GE (reprint author), NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1095 Willowdale Rd MS HG900, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM GEWhite@ede.gov FU National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (California) [U60-OH-008468]; National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (Massachusetts) [U60-OH-008490]; National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (Michigan) [U60-OH-008466]; National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (New Jersey) [U60-OH0008485] FX The authors report no conflicts of interest. The authors alone are responsible for the content and writing of this article. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. Funding to support this project was provided through cooperative agreements from the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health U60-OH-008468 (California), U60-OH-008490 (Massachusetts), U60-OH-008466 (Michigan), and U60-OH0008485 (New Jersey). NR 44 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 6 PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE PI NEW YORK PA 52 VANDERBILT AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0277-0903 EI 1532-4303 J9 J ASTHMA JI J. Asthma PD SEP PY 2014 VL 51 IS 7 BP 691 EP 702 DI 10.3109/02770903.2014.903968 PG 12 WC Allergy; Respiratory System SC Allergy; Respiratory System GA AN8BD UT WOS:000340824900004 PM 24673105 ER PT J AU Darnell, CL Wilson, JM Tiwari, N Fuentes, EJ Kirby, JR AF Darnell, Cynthia L. Wilson, Janet M. Tiwari, Nitija Fuentes, Ernesto J. Kirby, John R. TI Chemosensory Regulation of a HEAT-Repeat Protein Couples Aggregation and Sporulation in Myxococcus xanthus SO JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CYANOBACTERIAL ISCA HOMOLOG; SIGNAL-TRANSDUCTION; RESPONSE REGULATOR; BACTERIAL CHEMOTAXIS; FLAGELLAR SWITCH; N-TERMINUS; IV PILUS; DI-GMP; CHEY; BINDING AB Chemosensory systems are complex, highly modified two-component systems (TCS) used by bacteria to control various biological functions ranging from motility to sporulation. Chemosensory systems and TCS both modulate phosphorelays comprised of histidine kinases and response regulators, some of which are single-domain response regulators (SD-RRs) such as CheY. In this study, we have identified and characterized the Che7 chemosensory system of Myxococcus xanthus, a common soil bacterium which displays multicellular development in response to stress. Both genetic and biochemical analyses indicate that the Che7 system regulates development via a direct interaction between the SD-RR CheY7 and a HEAT repeat domain-containing protein, Cpc7. Phosphorylation of the SD-RR affects the interaction with its target, and residues within the alpha 4-beta 5-alpha 5 fold of the REC domain govern this interaction. The identification of the Cpc7 interaction with CheY7 extends the diversity of known targets for SD-RRs in biological systems. C1 [Darnell, Cynthia L.; Fuentes, Ernesto J.; Kirby, John R.] Univ Iowa, Dept Microbiol, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. [Wilson, Janet M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Select Agents & Toxins, Off Publ Hlth Preparedness & Response, Atlanta, GA USA. [Tiwari, Nitija] Univ Iowa, Dept Biochem, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. RP Kirby, JR (reprint author), Univ Iowa, Dept Microbiol, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. EM john-kirby@uiowa.edu FU NSF [MCB-1244021]; Center for Biocatalysis and Bioprocessing; Carver College of Medicine; Department of Biochemistry FX Support for this work was provided by NSF MCB-1244021 to J.R.K. Additional support for C.L.D. was provided by the Center for Biocatalysis and Bioprocessing. Start-up funds to E.J.F. were provided by the Carver College of Medicine and the Department of Biochemistry. NR 55 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 12 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0021-9193 EI 1098-5530 J9 J BACTERIOL JI J. Bacteriol. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 196 IS 17 BP 3160 EP 3168 DI 10.1128/JB.01866-14 PG 9 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA AO3MC UT WOS:000341232900011 PM 24957622 ER PT J AU Barbour, KE Lui, LY Ensrud, KE Hillier, TA LeBlanc, ES Ing, SW Hochberg, MC Cauley, JA AF Barbour, Kamil E. Lui, Li-Yung Ensrud, Kristine E. Hillier, Teresa A. LeBlanc, Erin S. Ing, Steven W. Hochberg, Marc C. Cauley, Jane A. CA Study Osteoporotic Fractures SOF TI Inflammatory Markers and Risk of Hip Fracture in Older White Women: The Study of Osteoporotic Fractures SO JOURNAL OF BONE AND MINERAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE INFLAMMATORY MARKERS; CYTOKINES AND CYTOKINE SOLUBLE RECEPTORS; HIP FRACTURE; CASE-COHORT DESIGN; OLDER WHITE WOMEN ID TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE; C-REACTIVE PROTEIN; BONE LOSS; POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN; CYSTATIN-C; MOBILITY LIMITATION; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; RENAL-FUNCTION; HEALTH AB Hip fractures are the most devastating consequence of osteoporosis and impact 1 in 6 white women leading to a two-to threefold increased mortality risk in the first year. Despite evidence of inflammatory markers in the pathogenesis of osteoporosis, few studies have examined their effect on hip fracture. To determine if high levels of inflammation increase hip fracture risk and to explore mediation pathways, a case-cohort design nested in a cohort of 4709 white women from the Study of Osteoporotic Fractures was used. A random sample of 1171 women was selected as the subcohort (mean age 80.1 +/- 4.2 years) plus the first 300 women with incident hip fracture. Inflammatory markers interleukin-6 (IL-6) and soluble receptors (SR) for IL-6 (IL-6 SR) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF SR1 and TNF SR2) were measured, and participants were followed for a median (interquartile range) of 6.3 (3.7, 6.9) years. In multivariable models, the hazard ratio (HR) of hip fracture for women in the highest inflammatory marker level (quartile 4) was 1.64 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.09-2.48, p trend -0.03) for IL-6 and 2.05 (95% CI, 1.35-3.12, p trend < 0.01) for TNF SR1 when compared with women in the lowest level (quartile 1). Among women with 2 and 3-4 inflammatory markers in the highest quartile, the HR of hip fracture was 1.51 (95% CI, 1.07-2.14) and 1.42 (95% CI, 0.87-2.31) compared with women with zero to one marker(s) in the highest quartile (p trend = 0.03). After individually adjusting for seven potential mediators, cystatin-C (a biomarker of renal function) and bone mineral density (BMD) attenuated HRs among women with the highest inflammatory burden by 64% and 50%, respectively, suggesting a potential mediating role. Older white women with high inflammatory burden are at increased risk of hip fracture in part due to poor renal function and low BMD. (C) 2014 American Society for Bone and Mineral Research. C1 [Barbour, Kamil E.; Cauley, Jane A.] Univ Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA USA. [Lui, Li-Yung] Calif Pacific Med Ctr, San Francisco, CA USA. [Ensrud, Kristine E.] Univ Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN USA. [Ensrud, Kristine E.] Minneapolis VAHS, Minneapolis, MN USA. [Hillier, Teresa A.; LeBlanc, Erin S.] Kaiser Permanente, Ctr Hlth Res, Portland, OR USA. [Ing, Steven W.] Ohio State Univ, Coll Med, Coll Optometry, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Hochberg, Marc C.] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. RP Barbour, KE (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Populat Hlth, Arthrit Program, 4770 Buford Highway NE, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM iyk1@cdc.gov RI Cauley, Jane/N-4836-2015 OI Cauley, Jane/0000-0003-0752-4408 FU National Institutes of Health; National Institute on Aging (NIA) [R01 AG005407, R01 AR35582, R01 AR35583, R01 AR35584, R01 AG005394, R01 AG027574, R01 AG027576] FX The Study of Osteoporotic Fractures (SOF) is supported by National Institutes of Health funding. The National Institute on Aging (NIA) provides support under the following grant numbers: R01 AG005407, R01 AR35582, R01 AR35583, R01 AR35584, R01 AG005394, R01 AG027574, and R01 AG027576. NR 47 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 5 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0884-0431 EI 1523-4681 J9 J BONE MINER RES JI J. Bone Miner. Res. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 29 IS 9 BP 2057 EP 2064 DI 10.1002/jbmr.2245 PG 8 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA AN8HV UT WOS:000340846000016 PM 24723386 ER PT J AU Uyeki, TM Jernigan, DB AF Uyeki, Timothy M. Jernigan, Daniel B. TI Response to Al-Husayni and Hassoun SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL VIROLOGY LA English DT Letter DE Influenza; Influenza diagnostic testing; Antiviral treatment ID INFLUENZA; METAANALYSIS C1 [Uyeki, Timothy M.; Jernigan, Daniel B.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Uyeki, TM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM tuyeki@cdc.gov NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1386-6532 EI 1873-5967 J9 J CLIN VIROL JI J. Clin. Virol. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 61 IS 1 BP 176 EP 177 DI 10.1016/j.jcv.2014.05.016 PG 2 WC Virology SC Virology GA AO5BH UT WOS:000341354900030 PM 24954471 ER PT J AU Li, CY Ford, ES Zhao, GX Wen, XJ Gotway, CA AF Li, Chaoyang Ford, Earl S. Zhao, Guixiang Wen, Xiao-Jun Gotway, Carol A. TI Age adjustment of diabetes prevalence: Use of 2010 US Census data SO JOURNAL OF DIABETES LA English DT Article DE age adjustment; Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System; diabetes; the 2010 US Census data AB Background: There is a growing interest in using the 2010 US Census data for age adjustment after the Census data are officially released. This report discusses the rationale, procedures, demonstrations, and caveats of age adjustment using the 2010 US Census data. Methods: Empirical data from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System and the 2010 US Census age composition were used in demonstrations of computing the age-adjusted prevalence of diagnosed diabetes by race/ethnicity, across various geographic regions, and over time. Results: The use of the 2010 US Census data yielded higher age-adjusted prevalence of diagnosed diabetes than using the 2000 projected US population data. The differences persisted across geographic regions, among racial/ethnic groups, and over time. Sixteen age compositions were generated to facilitate the use of the 2010 Census data in age adjustment. The SAS survey procedures and SUDAAN software programs yielded similar age-adjusted prevalence estimates of diagnosed diabetes. Conclusions: Using the 2010 US Census data tends to yield a higher age-adjusted measure than using the 2000 projected US population data. Consistent use of a standard population and age composition is recommended once they are chosen for age adjustment. C1 [Li, Chaoyang; Wen, Xiao-Jun] Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Div Environm Hazards & Hlth Effects, Atlanta, GA USA. [Ford, Earl S.; Zhao, Guixiang; Gotway, Carol A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Populat Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Li, CY (reprint author), 4770 Buford Highway,MS F60, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM cli@cdc.gov NR 10 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 3 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1753-0393 EI 1753-0407 J9 J DIABETES JI J. Diabetes PD SEP PY 2014 VL 6 IS 5 BP 451 EP 461 DI 10.1111/1753-0407.12122 PG 11 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA AN6DH UT WOS:000340683500011 PM 24393518 ER PT J AU Okoro, CA Dhingra, SS Coates, RJ Zack, M Simoes, EJ AF Okoro, Catherine A. Dhingra, Satvinder S. Coates, Ralph J. Zack, Matthew Simoes, Eduardo J. TI Effects of Massachusetts Health Reform on the Use of Clinical Preventive Services SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE health insurance; healthcare access; clinical preventive services ID UNITED-STATES; TRAINING-PROGRAMS; CARE REFORM; COVERAGE; ACCESS; DISPARITIES; IMPACTS; SURVEILLANCE; INSURANCE; EARNINGS AB Expansion of health insurance coverage, and hence clinical preventive services (CPS), provides an opportunity for improvements in the health of adults. The degree to which expansion of health insurance coverage affects the use of CPS is unknown. To assess whether Massachusetts health reform was associated with changes in healthcare access and use of CPS. We used a difference-in-differences framework to examine change in healthcare access and use of CPS among working-aged adults pre-reform (2002-2005) and post-reform (2007-2010) in Massachusetts compared with change in other New England states (ONES). Population-based, cross-sectional Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System surveys. A total of 208,831 survey participants aged 18 to 64 years. Massachusetts health reform enacted in 2006. Four healthcare access measures outcomes and five CPS. The proportions of adults who had health insurance coverage, a healthcare provider, no cost barrier to healthcare, an annual routine checkup, and a colorectal cancer screening increased significantly more in Massachusetts than those in the ONES. In Massachusetts, the prevalence of cervical cancer screening in pre-reform and post-reform periods was about the same; however, the ONES had a decrease of -1.6 percentage points (95 % confidence interval [CI] -2.5, -0.7; p < 0.001). As a result, the prevalence of cervical cancer screening in Massachusetts was increased relative to the ONES (1.7, 95 % CI 0.2, 3.2; p = 0.02). Cholesterol screening, influenza immunization, and breast cancer screening did not improve more in Massachusetts than in the ONES. Data are self-reported. Health reform may increase healthcare access and improve use of CPS. However, the effects of health reform on CPS use may vary by type of service and by state. C1 [Okoro, Catherine A.; Coates, Ralph J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Behav Surveillance, Off Surveillance Epidemiol & Lab Serv, Publ Hlth Surveillance & Informat Program Off, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Dhingra, Satvinder S.] Northrop Grumman, Atlanta, GA USA. [Dhingra, Satvinder S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Publ Hlth Surveillance & Informat Program Off, Off Surveillance Epidemiol & Lab Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Zack, Matthew] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Noncommunicable Dis Injury & Environm Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Simoes, Eduardo J.] Univ Missouri, Sch Med, Dept Hlth Management & Informat, Columbia, MO USA. RP Okoro, CA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Behav Surveillance, Off Surveillance Epidemiol & Lab Serv, Publ Hlth Surveillance & Informat Program Off, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,M-S E-97, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM COkoro@cdc.gov OI Simoes, Eduardo/0000-0003-4371-4305 NR 41 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 14 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0884-8734 EI 1525-1497 J9 J GEN INTERN MED JI J. Gen. Intern. Med. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 29 IS 9 BP 1287 EP 1295 DI 10.1007/s11606-014-2865-2 PG 9 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medicine, General & Internal SC Health Care Sciences & Services; General & Internal Medicine GA AN9OO UT WOS:000340936600019 PM 24789625 ER PT J AU Thompson, MG Gaglani, MJ Naleway, A Thaker, S Ball, S AF Thompson, Mark G. Gaglani, Manjusha J. Naleway, Allison Thaker, Swathi Ball, Sarah TI Changes in self-rated health and subjective social status over time in a cohort of healthcare personnel SO JOURNAL OF HEALTH PSYCHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE fatigue; headache; healthcare personnel; self-rated health status; socioeconomic status; subjective social status ID SOCIOECONOMIC-STATUS; CORTISOL RESPONSES; UNITED-STATES; WHITEHALL-II; DISPARITIES; DETERMINANTS; ASSOCIATION; WOMEN; WORK; RELIABILITY AB As part of a prospective cohort study of 1354 female and 347 male healthcare personnel, we examined the stability of subjective social status over similar to 7 months and the prospective association between subjective social status and self-rated health status. Most (82%) subjective social status ratings were stable (within +/- 1 point). Lower baseline subjective social status among healthcare personnel was associated with more subsequent reports of fatigue and headache and worsening global self-rated health status. Healthcare personnel who placed themselves on the bottom half of the subjective social status ladder were four times more likely to experience a decline in global self-rated health status and half as likely to improve to excellent self-rated health status. C1 [Thompson, Mark G.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Gaglani, Manjusha J.] Scott & White Healthcare, Temple, TX USA. [Gaglani, Manjusha J.] Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Thaker, Swathi] Battelle Mem Inst, Columbus, OH 43201 USA. [Ball, Sarah] Abt Associates Inc, North Bethesda, MD USA. RP Thompson, MG (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Epidemiol & Prevent Branch, Influenza Div, 1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM isq8@cdc.gov OI Naleway, Allison/0000-0001-5747-4643 FU PHS HHS [200-2010-F-33396] NR 43 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD PI LONDON PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND SN 1359-1053 EI 1461-7277 J9 J HEALTH PSYCHOL JI J. Health Psychol. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 19 IS 9 BP 1185 EP 1196 DI 10.1177/1359105313485486 PG 12 WC Psychology, Clinical SC Psychology GA AO2WV UT WOS:000341188600008 PM 23682064 ER PT J AU Koontz, D Baecher, K Kobrynski, L Nikolova, S Gallagher, M AF Koontz, Deborah Baecher, Kirsten Kobrynski, Lisa Nikolova, Stanimila Gallagher, Margaret TI A Pyrosequencing-Based Assay for the Rapid Detection of the 22q11.2 Deletion in DNA from Buccal and Dried Blood Spot Samples SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR DIAGNOSTICS LA English DT Article ID DEPENDENT PROBE AMPLIFICATION; REAL-TIME PCR; COPY NUMBER; POPULATIONS; DIAGNOSIS; ACCURATE AB The 22q11.2 deletion syndrome is one of the most common deletion syndromes in newborns. Some affected newborns may be diagnosed shortly after birth because of the presence of heart defects, palatal defects, or severe immune deficiencies. However, diagnosis is often delayed in patients presenting with other associated conditions that would benefit from early recognition and treatment, such as speech delays, learning difficulties, and schizophrenia. Fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) is the gold standard for deletion detection, but it is costly and time consuming and requires a whole blood specimen. Our goat was to develop a suitable assay for population-based screening of easily collectible specimens, such as buccal swabs and dried blood spots (DBS). We designed a pyrosequencing assay and validated it using DNA from FISH confirmed 22q11 deletion syndrome patients and normal controls. We tested DBS from nine patients and paired buccal cell and venous blood specimens from 20 patients. Results were 100% concordant with FISH assay results. DNA samples from normal controls (n = 180 cell tines, n = 15 DBS, and n = 88 buccal specimens) were negative for the deletion. Limiting dilution experiments demonstrated that accurate results could be obtained from as Little as 1 ng of DNA. This method represents a reliable and low-cost alternative for detection of the common 22q11.2 microdeletions and can be adapted to high-throughput population screening. C1 [Koontz, Deborah; Baecher, Kirsten; Nikolova, Stanimila; Gallagher, Margaret] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Kobrynski, Lisa] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Allergy & Immunol Sect, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Koontz, D (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, 4770 Buford Hwy,MS F-24, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM duk5@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX Supported by intramural funding from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 23 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1525-1578 EI 1943-7811 J9 J MOL DIAGN JI J. Mol. Diagn. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 16 IS 5 BP 533 EP 540 DI 10.1016/j.jmoldx.2014.05.003 PG 8 WC Pathology SC Pathology GA AO3JH UT WOS:000341225000008 PM 24973633 ER PT J AU Hartman, BA Fazili, Z Pfeiffer, CM O'Connor, DL AF Hartman, Brenda A. Fazili, Zia Pfeiffer, Christine M. O'Connor, Deborah L. TI Neither Folic Acid Supplementation nor Pregnancy Affects the Distribution of Folate Forms in the Red Blood Cells of Women SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITION LA English DT Article ID TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY; TUBE DEFECT RISK; MICROBIOLOGIC ASSAY; DNA METHYLATION; LC-MS/MS; QUANTITATIVE-DETERMINATION; VITAMER DISTRIBUTION; COMMON MUTATION; REDUCTASE GENE; HUMAN SERUM AB It is not known whether folate metabolism is altered during pregnancy to support increased DNA and RNA biosynthesis By using a state-of-the-art LC tandem mass spectrometry technique, the aim of this study was to investigate differences in RBC folate forms between pregnant and nonpregnant women and between nonpregnant women consuming different concentrations of supplemental folic acid. Forms of folate in RBCs were used to explore potential shifts in folate metabolism during early erythropoiesis. Total RBC folate and folate forms [tetrahydrofolate; 5-methyltetrahydrofolate (5-methyl-THF); 4 alpha-hydroxy-5-methyl-tetrahydrofolate (an oxidation product of 5-methyl-THF); 5-formyl-tetrahydrofolate; and 5,10-methenyl-tetrahydrofolate] were measured in 4 groups of women (n = 26): pregnant women (PW) (30-36 wk of gestation) consuming 1 mg/d of folic acid, and nonpregnant women consuming 0 mg/d (NPW-0), 1 mg/d (NPW-1), and 5 mg/d (NPW-5) folic acid. The mean +/- SD RBC folate concentration of the NPW-0 group (890 +/- 530 nmol/L) was lower than the NPW-1 (1660 +/- 350 nmol/L) and NPW-5 (1980 +/- 570 nmol/L) groups as assessed by microbiologic assay (n = 26, P < 0.0022). No difference was found between the NPW-1 and NPW-5 groups. We detected 5-methyl-THF [limit of detection (LOD) = 0.06 nmol/L] in all groups and tetrahydrofolate (LOD = 0.2 nmol/L) in most women regardless of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase genotype. Most women consuming folic acid supplements had detectable concentrations of 5,10-methenyltetrahydrofolate (LOD = 0.31 nmol/L). However, there was no difference in the relative distribution of 5-methyl-THF (83-84%), sum of non-methyl folates (0.6-3%), or individual non-methyl folate forms in RBCs across groups. We conclude that although folic acid supplementation in nonpregnant women increases RBC total folate and the concentration of individual folate forms, it does not alter the relative distribution of folate forms. Similarly, distribution of RBC folate forms did not differ between pregnant and nonpregnant women. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT01741077. C1 [Hartman, Brenda A.; O'Connor, Deborah L.] Univ Toronto, Dept Nutr Sci, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Fazili, Zia; Pfeiffer, Christine M.] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Hartman, Brenda A.; O'Connor, Deborah L.] Hosp Sick Children, Res Inst, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada. RP O'Connor, DL (reprint author), Univ Toronto, Dept Nutr Sci, Toronto, ON, Canada. EM deborah_l.oconnor@sickkids.ca FU Mead Johnson/Heinz/Weston Endowment for Nutrition/Metabolism Research FX Supported by the Mead Johnson/Heinz/Weston Endowment for Nutrition/Metabolism Research. The funding entity did not have a role in the design, implementation, analysis, or interpretation of the data. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views or positions of the CDC/Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry or the Department of Health and Human Services. NR 45 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 15 PU AMER SOC NUTRITION-ASN PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-3166 EI 1541-6100 J9 J NUTR JI J. Nutr. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 144 IS 9 BP 1364 EP 1369 DI 10.3945/jn.113.189233 PG 6 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA AN6VK UT WOS:000340736300003 PM 24991041 ER PT J AU Hills, SL Stoltey, J Martinez, D Kim, PY Sheriff, H Zangeneh, A Eilerman, SR Fischer, M AF Hills, Susan L. Stoltey, Juliet Martinez, Diana Kim, Paul Y. Sheriff, Heather Zangeneh, Ana Eilerman, Sally R. Fischer, Marc TI A Case Series of Three US Adults With Japanese Encephalitis, 2010-2012 SO JOURNAL OF TRAVEL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID TRAVELERS; VIRUS; ASIA; INFECTION AB Background. Japanese encephalitis (JE) virus is the leading cause of vaccine-preventable encephalitis in Asia. Although the risk for acquiring JE for most travelers to Asia is low, it varies based on the destination, season, trip duration, and activities. Methods. We present case reports of three US adults who were infected with JE virus while traveling or residing in Asia. Results. Among the three JE patients, the first made a 10-day trip to mainland China and participated in outdoor activities in a rural area, the second had been resident in Taiwan for 4 months, and the third, fatal case was an expatriate living in South Korea. Conclusions. JE should be considered in the differential diagnosis for any patient with an acute neurologic infection, who has recently been in a JE-endemic country. Health-care providers should assess the itineraries of travelers to JE-endemic countries, provide guidance on personal protective measures to prevent vector-borne diseases, and consider recommending JE vaccine for travelers at increased risk for JE virus infection. C1 [Hills, Susan L.; Fischer, Marc] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Arboviral Dis Branch, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Stoltey, Juliet] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Med, San Francisco, CA USA. [Martinez, Diana; Zangeneh, Ana] Texas Dept State Hlth Serv, Harris Cty Publ Hlth Serv, Houston, TX USA. [Martinez, Diana; Zangeneh, Ana] Texas Dept State Hlth Serv, Harris Cty Publ Environm Serv, Houston, TX USA. [Kim, Paul Y.; Eilerman, Sally R.] US Air Force, Aerosp Med Squadron 51, Pyeongtaek, South Korea. [Sheriff, Heather] Calif Dept Publ Hlth, Richmond, CA USA. RP Hills, SL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Arboviral Dis Branch, 3156 Rampart Rd, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM shills@cdc.gov OI Sheriff, Heather/0000-0001-6422-0588 FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 18 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1195-1982 EI 1708-8305 J9 J TRAVEL MED JI J. Travel Med. PD SEP-OCT PY 2014 VL 21 IS 5 BP 310 EP 313 DI 10.1111/jtm.12127 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA AO2GA UT WOS:000341134300004 PM 24861145 ER PT J AU Belser, JA Gustin, KM Katz, JM Maines, TR Tumpey, TM AF Belser, Jessica A. Gustin, Kortney M. Katz, Jacqueline M. Maines, Taronna R. Tumpey, Terrence M. TI Influenza Virus Infectivity and Virulence following Ocular-Only Aerosol Inoculation of Ferrets SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID AVIAN INFLUENZA; H7 VIRUSES; TRANSMISSION; PATHOGENESIS; REPLICATION; MICE; EYE; TROPISM; HUMANS; CELLS AB Respiratory pathogens have traditionally been studied by examining the exposure and infection of respiratory tract tissues. However, these studies typically overlook the role of ocular surfaces, which represent both a potential site of virus replication and a portal of entry for the establishment of a respiratory infection. To model transocular virus entry in a mammalian species, we established a novel inoculation method that delivers an aerosol inoculum exclusively to the ferret ocular surface. Using influenza virus as a representative respiratory pathogen, we found that both human and avian viruses mounted productive respiratory infections in ferrets following ocular-only aerosol inoculation, and we demonstrated that H5N1 virus can result in a fatal infection at doses below 10 PFU or with exposure times as short as 2 min. Ferrets inoculated by the ocular aerosol route with an avian (H7N7, H7N9) or human (H1N1, H3N2v) virus were capable of transmitting the virus to naive animals in direct-contact or respiratory-droplet models, respectively. Our results reveal that ocular-only exposure to virus-containing aerosols constitutes a valid exposure route for a potentially fatal respiratory infection, even for viruses that do not demonstrate an ocular tropism, underscoring the public health implications of ocular exposure in clinical or occupational settings. IMPORTANCE In the absence of eye protection, the human ocular surface remains vulnerable to infection with aerosolized respiratory viruses. In this study, we present a way to inoculate laboratory mammals that excludes respiratory exposure, infecting ferrets only by ocular exposure to influenza virus-containing aerosols. This study demonstrates that the use of respiratory protection alone does not fully protect against influenza virus exposure, infection, and severe disease. C1 [Belser, Jessica A.; Gustin, Kortney M.; Katz, Jacqueline M.; Maines, Taronna R.; Tumpey, Terrence M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Tumpey, TM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM tft9@cdc.gov NR 27 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0022-538X EI 1098-5514 J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 88 IS 17 BP 9647 EP 9654 DI 10.1128/JVI.01067-14 PG 8 WC Virology SC Virology GA AO3LW UT WOS:000341232300015 PM 24920819 ER PT J AU Morrison, J Josset, L Tchitchek, N Chang, J Belser, JA Swayne, DE Pantin-Jackwood, MJ Tumpey, TM Katze, MG AF Morrison, Juliet Josset, Laurence Tchitchek, Nicolas Chang, Jean Belser, Jessica A. Swayne, David E. Pantin-Jackwood, Mary J. Tumpey, Terrence M. Katze, Michael G. TI H7N9 and Other Pathogenic Avian Influenza Viruses Elicit a Three-Pronged Transcriptomic Signature That Is Reminiscent of 1918 Influenza Virus and Is Associated with Lethal Outcome in Mice SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID BRONCHIAL EPITHELIAL-CELLS; A VIRUS; MOUSE MODEL; INCREASED VIRULENCE; RECEPTOR-BINDING; HUMAN INFECTIONS; IN-VITRO; HUMANS; FERRETS; LUNG AB Modulating the host response is a promising approach to treating influenza, caused by a virus whose pathogenesis is determined in part by the reaction it elicits within the host. Though the pathogenicity of emerging H7N9 influenza virus in several animal models has been reported, these studies have not included a detailed characterization of the host response following infection. Therefore, we characterized the transcriptomic response of BALB/c mice infected with H7N9 (A/Anhui/01/2013) virus and compared it to the responses induced by H5N1 (A/Vietnam/1203/2004), H7N7 (A/Netherlands/219/2003), and pandemic 2009 H1N1 (A/Mexico/4482/2009) influenza viruses. We found that responses to the H7 subtype viruses were intermediate to those elicited by H5N1 and pdm09H1N1 early in infection but that they evolved to resemble the H5N1 response as infection progressed. H5N1, H7N7, and H7N9 viruses were pathogenic in mice, and this pathogenicity correlated with increased transcription of cytokine response genes and decreased transcription of lipid metabolism and coagulation signaling genes. This three-pronged transcriptomic signature was observed in mice infected with pathogenic H1N1 strains such as the 1918 virus, indicating that it may be predictive of pathogenicity across multiple influenza virus strains. Finally, we used host transcriptomic profiling to computationally predict drugs that reverse the host response to H7N9 infection, and we identified six FDA-approved drugs that could potentially be repurposed to treat H7N9 and other pathogenic influenza viruses. IMPORTANCE Emerging avian influenza viruses are of global concern because the human population is immunologically naive to them. Current influenza drugs target viral molecules, but the high mutation rate of influenza viruses eventually leads to the development of antiviral resistance. As the host evolves far more slowly than the virus, and influenza pathogenesis is determined in part by the host response, targeting the host response is a promising approach to treating influenza. Here we characterize the host transcriptomic response to emerging H7N9 influenza virus and compare it with the responses to H7N7, H5N1, and pdm09H1N1. All three avian viruses were pathogenic in mice and elicited a transcriptomic signature that also occurs in response to the legendary 1918 influenza virus. Our work identifies host responses that could be targeted to treat severe H7N9 influenza and identifies six FDA-approved drugs that could potentially be repurposed as H7N9 influenza therapeutics. C1 [Morrison, Juliet; Josset, Laurence; Tchitchek, Nicolas; Chang, Jean; Katze, Michael G.] Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Microbiol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Belser, Jessica A.; Tumpey, Terrence M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA USA. [Swayne, David E.; Pantin-Jackwood, Mary J.] USDA ARS, Southeast Poultry Res Lab, Athens, GA 30613 USA. RP Katze, MG (reprint author), Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Microbiol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. EM honey@u.washington.edu RI Josset, Laurence/A-7960-2015; OI Josset, Laurence/0000-0002-7158-1186; Tchitchek, Nicolas/0000-0003-3307-0446 FU NIH; NIAID Network of Centers of Excellence in Influenza Research and Surveillance (CEIRS) [HHSN266200700008C] FX This project was funded with federal funds from the NIH, NIAID Network of Centers of Excellence in Influenza Research and Surveillance (CEIRS), under contract HHSN266200700008C. NR 72 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 16 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0022-538X EI 1098-5514 J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 88 IS 18 BP 10556 EP 10568 DI 10.1128/JVI.00570-14 PG 13 WC Virology SC Virology GA AO3MQ UT WOS:000341234900026 PM 24991006 ER PT J AU Boyoglu-Barnum, S Chirkova, T Todd, SO Barnum, TR Gaston, KA Jorquera, P Haynes, LM Tripp, RA Moore, ML Anderson, LJ AF Boyoglu-Barnum, Seyhan Chirkova, Tatiana Todd, Sean O. Barnum, Thomas R. Gaston, Kelsey A. Jorquera, Patricia Haynes, Lia M. Tripp, Ralph A. Moore, Martin L. Anderson, Larry J. TI Prophylaxis with a Respiratory Syncytial Virus (RSV) Anti-G Protein Monoclonal Antibody Shifts the Adaptive Immune Response to RSV rA2-line19F Infection from Th2 to Th1 in BALB/c Mice SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID REGULATORY T-CELLS; ATTACHMENT G GLYCOPROTEIN; GERMINAL-CENTER FORMATION; CYSTEINE-RICH REGION; SOLUBLE G-PROTEIN; PULMONARY EOSINOPHILIA; FUSION PROTEIN; SUBSTANCE-P; AIRWAY INFLAMMATION; VACCINE DEVELOPMENT AB Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the single most important cause of serious lower respiratory tract infections in young children, yet no highly effective treatment or vaccine is available. In the present study, we investigated the effect of prophylactic treatment with the intact and F(ab')(2) forms of an anti-G protein monoclonal antibody (MAb), 131-2G, on the humoral and cellular adaptive immune responses to RSV rA2-line19F (r19F) challenge in BALB/c mice. The F(ab')2 form of 131-2G does not decrease virus replication, but intact 131-2G does. The serum specimens for antibodies and spleen cells for memory T cell responses to RSV antigens were analyzed at 30, 45, 75, and 95 days postinfection (p.i.) with or without prior treatment with 1312G. The ratios of Th2 to Th1 antibody isotypes at each time p.i indicated that both forms of MAb 131-2G shifted the subclass response from a Th2 (IgG1 and IgG2b) to a Th1 (IgG2A) bias. The ratio of IgG1 to IgG2A antibody titer was 3-fold to 10-fold higher for untreated than MAb-treated mice. There was also some increase in IgG (22% +/- 13% increase) and neutralization (32% increase) in antibodies with MAb 131-2G prophylaxis at 75 days p.i. Treatment with 131-2G significantly (P <= 0.001) decreased the percentage of interleukin-4 (IL-4)-positive CD4 and CD8 cells in RSV-stimulated spleen cells at all times p.i., while the percentage of interferon gamma (IFN-gamma)T cells significantly (P <= 0.001) increased >= 75 days p.i. The shift from a Th2- to a Th1-biased T cell response in treated compared to untreated mice likely was directed by the much higher levels of T-box transcription factor (T-bet) (>= 45% versus <10%) in CD4 and CD8 T cells and lower levels of Gata-3 (<= 2% versus >= 6%) in CD4 T cells in peptide-stimulated, day 75 p.i. spleen cells. These data show that the RSV G protein affects both humoral and cellular adaptive immune responses, and induction of 131-2G-like antibodies might improve the safety and long-term efficacy of an RSV vaccine. IMPORTANCE The data in this report suggest that the RSV G protein not only contributes to disease but also dampens the host immune response to infection. Both effects of G likely contribute to difficulties in achieving an effective vaccine. The ability of MAb 131-2G to block these effects of G suggests that inducing antibodies similar to 131-2G should prevent disease and enhance the adaptive immune response with later RSV infection. The fact that 131-2G binds to the 13-amino-acid region conserved among all strains and that flanking sequences are conserved within group A or group B strains simplifies the task of developing a vaccine to induce 131-2G-like antibodies. If our findings in mice apply to humans, then including the 131-2G binding region of G in a vaccine should improve its safety and efficacy. C1 [Boyoglu-Barnum, Seyhan; Chirkova, Tatiana; Todd, Sean O.; Gaston, Kelsey A.; Moore, Martin L.; Anderson, Larry J.] Emory Univ, Dept Pediat & Childrens Healthcare Atlanta, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Barnum, Thomas R.] Univ Georgia, Odum Sch Ecol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Jorquera, Patricia; Tripp, Ralph A.] Univ Georgia, Dept Infect Dis, Anim Hlth Res Ctr, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Haynes, Lia M.] CDC, NCIRD, Div Viral Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Anderson, LJ (reprint author), Emory Univ, Dept Pediat & Childrens Healthcare Atlanta, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. EM larry.anderson@emory.edu FU NIH [1U19AI095227, 1R01AI087798]; Children's Healthcare of Atlanta; Immunology core and Flow core of Emory+Children's Pediatric Research Center; Emory Vaccinology Training grant (VTP) [T32 5T32AI074492-03] FX This work was supported by NIH grant 1U19AI095227 awarded to M.L.M. and L.J.A., NIH grant 1R01AI087798 to M.L.M., funding from Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, support from the Immunology core and Flow core of Emory+Children's Pediatric Research Center, and Emory Vaccinology Training grant (VTP) T32 5T32AI074492-03. NR 96 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0022-538X EI 1098-5514 J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 88 IS 18 BP 10569 EP 10583 DI 10.1128/JVI.01503-14 PG 15 WC Virology SC Virology GA AO3MQ UT WOS:000341234900027 PM 24990999 ER PT J AU Galula, JU Shen, WF Chuang, ST Chang, GJJ Chao, DY AF Galula, Jedhan U. Shen, Wen-Fan Chuang, Shih-Te Chang, Gwong-Jen J. Chao, Day-Yu TI Virus-Like Particle Secretion and Genotype-Dependent Immunogenicity of Dengue Virus Serotype 2 DNA Vaccine SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID JAPANESE ENCEPHALITIS-VIRUS; TICK-BORNE ENCEPHALITIS; ENVELOPE DOMAIN-III; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; NEUTRALIZING ANTIBODIES; PROTECTIVE EFFICACY; FAB FRAGMENTS; AMINO-ACID; PROTEIN; RECOMBINANT AB Dengue virus (DENV), composed of four distinct serotypes, is the most important and rapidly emerging arthropod-borne pathogen and imposes substantial economic and public health burdens. We constructed candidate vaccines containing the DNA of five of the genotypes of dengue virus serotype 2 (DENV-2) and evaluated the immunogenicity, the neutralizing (Nt) activity of the elicited antibodies, and the protective efficacy elicited in mice immunized with the vaccine candidates. We observed a significant correlation between the level of in vitro virus-like particle secretion, the elicited antibody response, and the protective efficacy of the vaccines containing the DNA of the different DENV genotypes in immunized mice. However, higher total IgG antibody levels did not always translate into higher Nt antibodies against homologous and heterologous viruses. We also found that, in contrast to previous reports, more than 50% of total IgG targeted ectodomain III (EDIII) of the E protein, and a substantial fraction of this population was interdomain highly neutralizing flavivirus subgroup-cross-reactive antibodies, such as monoclonal antibody 1B7-5. In addition, the lack of a critical epitope(s) in the Sylvatic genotype virus recognized by interdomain antibodies could be the major cause of the poor protection of mice vaccinated with the Asian 1 genotype vaccine (pVD2-Asian 1) from lethal challenge with virus of the Sylvatic genotype. In conclusion, although the pVD2-Asian 1 vaccine was immunogenic, elicited sufficient titers of Nt antibodies against all DENV-2 genotypes, and provided 100% protection against challenge with virus of the homologous Asian 1 genotype and virus of the heterologous Cosmopolitan genotype, it is critical to monitor the potential emergence of Sylvatic genotype viruses, since vaccine candidates under development may not protect vaccinated humans from these viruses. IMPORTANCE Five genotype-specific dengue virus serotype 2 (DENV-2) DNA vaccine candidates were evaluated for their immunogenicity, homologous and heterologous neutralizing (Nt) antibody titers, and cross-genotype protection in a murine model. The immunity elicited by our prototype vaccine candidate (Asian 1 genotype strain 16681) in mice was protective against viruses of other genotypes but not against virus of the Sylvatic genotype, whose emergence and potential risk after introduction into the human population have previously been demonstrated. The underlying mechanism of a lack of protection elicited by the prototype vaccine may at least be contributed by the absence of a flavivirus subgroup-cross-reactive, highly neutralizing monoclonal antibody 1B7-5-like epitope in DENV-2 of the Sylvatic genotype. The DENV DNA vaccine directs the synthesis and assembly of virus-like particles (VLPs) and induces immune responses similar to those elicited by live-attenuated vaccines, and its flexibility permits the fast deployment of vaccine to combat emerging viruses, such as Sylvatic genotype viruses. The enhanced VLP secretion obtained by replacement of ectodomain I-II (EDI-II) of the Cosmopolitan genotype vaccine construct (VD2-Cosmopolitan) with the Asian 1 EDI-II elicited significantly higher total IgG and Nt antibody titers and suggests a novel approach to enhance the immunogenicity of the DNA vaccine. A DENV vaccine capable of eliciting protective immunity against viruses of existing and emerging genotypes should be the focus of future DENV vaccine development. C1 [Galula, Jedhan U.; Chuang, Shih-Te] Natl Chung Hsing Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Vet Med, Taichung 40227, Taiwan. [Shen, Wen-Fan] Natl Chung Hsing Univ, Ph Program Microbial Genom, Taichung 40227, Taiwan. [Chang, Gwong-Jen J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, Publ Hlth Serv, US Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Chao, Day-Yu] Natl Chung Hsing Univ, Coll Vet Med, Grad Inst Microbiol & Publ Hlth, Taichung 40227, Taiwan. RP Chang, GJJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, Publ Hlth Serv, US Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM gxc7@cdc.gov; dychao@nchu.edu.tw FU National Science Council of Taiwan [96-3111-B-005-001-, 98-2320-B-005-003-MY3] FX This study was supported by the National Science Council of Taiwan (96-3111-B-005-001- and 98-2320-B-005-003-MY3). NR 70 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 13 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0022-538X EI 1098-5514 J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 88 IS 18 BP 10813 EP 10830 DI 10.1128/JVI.00810-14 PG 18 WC Virology SC Virology GA AO3MQ UT WOS:000341234900048 PM 25008922 ER PT J AU Fleming, ST Hamilton, AS Sabatino, SA Kimmick, GG Wu, XC Owen, JB Huang, B Hwang, W AF Fleming, Steven T. Hamilton, Ann S. Sabatino, Susan A. Kimmick, Gretchen G. Wu, Xiao-Cheng Owen, Jean B. Huang, Bin Hwang, Wenke CA Patterns Care Study Grp TI Treatment Patterns for Prostate Cancer Comparison of Medicare Claims Data to Medical Record Review SO MEDICAL CARE LA English DT Article DE prostate cancer; Medicare; claims; administrative data ID BREAST-CANCER; ADMINISTRATIVE DATA; REGISTRY DATA; QUALITY; CARE; SURVEILLANCE; VALIDITY; DISEASES; UTILITY AB Background: As evidence-based guidelines increasingly define standards of care, the accurate reporting of patterns of treatment becomes critical to determine if appropriate care has been provided. We explore the level of agreement between claims and record abstraction for treatment regimens for prostate cancer. Methods: Medicare claims data were linked to medical records abstraction using data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's National Program of Cancer Registry-funded Breast and Prostate Patterns of Care study. The first course of therapy included surgery, radiation therapy (RT), and hormonal therapy with luteinizing hormone-releasing hormone agonists. Results: The linked sample included 2765 men most (84.7%) of whom had stage II prostate cancer. Agreement was excellent for surgery (kappa = 0.92) and RT (kappa = 0.92) and lower for hormonal therapy (kappa = 0.71); however, most of the discrepancies were due to greater number of patients reported who received hormonal therapy in the claims database than in the medical records database. For some standard multicomponent management strategies sensitivities were high, for example, hormonal therapy with either combination RT (86.9%) or cryosurgery (96.6%). Conclusions: Medicare claims are sensitive for determining patterns of multicomponent care for prostate cancer and for detecting use of hormonal therapy when not reported in the medical records abstracts. C1 [Fleming, Steven T.] Univ Kentucky, Dept Epidemiol, Coll Publ Hlth, Lexington, KY 40536 USA. [Hamilton, Ann S.] Univ So Calif, Keck Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA. [Sabatino, Susan A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Kimmick, Gretchen G.] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Durham, NC USA. [Wu, Xiao-Cheng] Louisiana State Univ, Hlth Sci Ctr, New Orleans, LA USA. [Owen, Jean B.] Amer Coll Radiol, Clin Res Ctr, Philadelphia, PA USA. [Huang, Bin] Univ Kentucky, Markey Canc Ctr, Lexington, KY USA. [Hwang, Wenke] Penn State Univ, Coll Med, Hershey, PA USA. RP Fleming, ST (reprint author), Univ Kentucky, Dept Epidemiol, Coll Publ Hlth, 121 Washington Ave, Lexington, KY 40536 USA. EM stflem2@uky.edu FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; California Cancer Registry (Public Health Institute) [1-U01-DP000260]; Emory University [1-U01-DP000258]; Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center [1-U01-DP000253]; Minnesota Cancer Surveillance System (Minnesota Department of Health) [1-U01-DP000259]; Medical College of Wisconsin [1-U01-DP000261]; University of Kentucky [1-U01-DP000251]; Wake Forest University [1-U01-DP000264] FX The Breast and Prostate Cancer Data Quality and Patterns of Care Study was supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention through cooperative agreements with the California Cancer Registry (Public Health Institute) (1-U01-DP000260), Emory University (1-U01-DP000258), Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center (1-U01-DP000253), Minnesota Cancer Surveillance System (Minnesota Department of Health) (1-U01-DP000259), Medical College of Wisconsin (1-U01-DP000261), University of Kentucky (1-U01-DP000251), and Wake Forest University (1-U01-DP000264). The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 32 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 7 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0025-7079 EI 1537-1948 J9 MED CARE JI Med. Care PD SEP PY 2014 VL 52 IS 9 BP E58 EP E64 PG 7 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AO0SA UT WOS:000341020900001 PM 23222532 ER PT J AU Nicklas, JM Zera, CA England, LJ Rosner, BA Horton, E Levkoff, SE Seely, EW AF Nicklas, Jacinda M. Zera, Chloe A. England, Lucinda J. Rosner, Bernard A. Horton, Edward Levkoff, Sue E. Seely, Ellen W. TI A Web-Based Lifestyle Intervention for Women With Recent Gestational Diabetes Mellitus A Randomized Controlled Trial SO OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; HEALTH BEHAVIORS; RISK-FACTORS; PREGNANCY; OBESITY; WEIGHT; HISTORY; TERM; QUESTIONNAIRE; METAANALYSIS AB OBJECTIVE: To test the feasibility and effectiveness of a Web-based lifestyle intervention based on the Diabetes Prevention Program modified for women with recent gestational diabetes mellitus to reduce postpartum weight retention. METHODS: We randomly allocated 75 women with recent gestational diabetes mellitus to either a Web-based lifestyle program (Balance after Baby) delivered over the first postpartum year or to a control group. Primary outcomes were change in body weight at 12 months from 1) first postpartum measured weight; and 2) self-reported prepregnancy weight. RESULTS: There were no significant differences in baseline characteristics between groups including age, body mass index, race, and income status. Women assigned to the Balance after Baby program (n=36, three lost to follow-up) lost a mean of 2.8 kg (95% confidence interval -4.8 to -0.7) from 6 weeks to 12 months postpartum, whereas the control group (n=39, one lost to follow-up) gained a mean of 0.5 kg (-1.4 to +2.4) (P=.022). Women in the intervention were closer to prepregnancy weight at 12 months postpartum (mean change 20.7 kg; -3.5 to +2.2) compared with women in the control arm (+4.0 kg; +1.3 to +6.8) (P=.035). CONCLUSION: A Web-based lifestyle modification program for women with recent gestational diabetes mellitus decreased postpartum weight retention. C1 Brigham & Womens Hosp, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Div Maternal Fetal Med, Div Endocrinol Diabet & Hypertens, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Brigham & Womens Hosp, Dept Med, Div Womens Hlth, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Harvard Univ, Beth Israel Deaconess Med Ctr, Sch Med,Dept Med, Div Gen Med & Primary Care,Channing Div Network M, Boston, MA 02215 USA. Harvard Univ, Dept Global Hlth & Social Med, Sch Med, Boston, MA USA. Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Biostat, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Joslin Diabet Ctr, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Nicklas, Jacinda M.] Univ Colorado, Sch Med, Div Gen Internal Med, Aurora, CO 80045 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. Univ S Carolina, Coll Social Work, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. RP Nicklas, JM (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Sch Med, Div Gen Internal Med, 12348 E Montview Blvd,C263, Aurora, CO 80045 USA. EM Jacinda.Nicklas@ucdenver.edu FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999]; NCCIH NIH HHS [T32 AT000051, T32AT000051]; NHLBI NIH HHS [9K24HL096141, K24 HL096141]; NICHD NIH HHS [K12 HD057022]; PHS HHS [MM-1094-09/09] NR 28 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 3 U2 18 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0029-7844 EI 1873-233X J9 OBSTET GYNECOL JI Obstet. Gynecol. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 124 IS 3 BP 563 EP 570 DI 10.1097/AOG.0000000000000420 PG 8 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA AO4OV UT WOS:000341320800013 PM 25162257 ER PT J AU Callaghan, WM Grobman, WA Kilpatrick, SJ Main, EK D'Alton, M AF Callaghan, William M. Grobman, William A. Kilpatrick, Sarah J. Main, Elliott K. D'Alton, Mary TI Facility-Based Identification of Women With Severe Maternal Morbidity: It is Time to Start Reply SO OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Letter C1 [Callaghan, William M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Grobman, William A.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Feinberg Sch Med, Chicago, IL 60611 USA. [Kilpatrick, Sarah J.] Cedars Sinai Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Los Angeles, CA 90048 USA. [Main, Elliott K.] Calif Maternal Qual Care Collaborat, Palo Alto, CA USA. [D'Alton, Mary] Columbia Univ Coll Phys & Surg, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, New York, NY 10032 USA. RP Callaghan, WM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0029-7844 EI 1873-233X J9 OBSTET GYNECOL JI Obstet. Gynecol. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 124 IS 3 BP 634 EP 635 PG 4 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA AO4OV UT WOS:000341320800025 PM 25162270 ER PT J AU Chaves, SS Perez, A Farley, MM Miller, L Schaffner, W Lindegren, ML Sharangpani, R Meek, J Yousey-Hindes, K Thomas, A Boulton, R Baumbach, J Hancock, EB Bandyopadhyay, AS Lynfield, R Morin, C Zansky, SM Reingold, A Bennett, NM Ryan, P Fowler, B Fry, A Finelli, L AF Chaves, Sandra S. Perez, Alejandro Farley, Monica M. Miller, Lisa Schaffner, William Lindegren, Mary L. Sharangpani, Ruta Meek, James Yousey-Hindes, Kimberley Thomas, Ann Boulton, Rachelle Baumbach, Joan Hancock, Emily B. Bandyopadhyay, Ananda S. Lynfield, Ruth Morin, Craig Zansky, Shelley M. Reingold, Arthur Bennett, Nancy M. Ryan, Patricia Fowler, Brian Fry, Alicia Finelli, Lyn CA Influenza TI The Burden of Influenza Hospitalizations in Infants From 2003 to 2012, United States SO PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE influenza; burden influenza hospitalization; severe influenza; influenza hospitalizations; infants ID LABORATORY-CONFIRMED INFLUENZA; VIRUS-INFECTION; PREGNANT-WOMEN; YOUNG-CHILDREN; COMPLICATIONS; IMMUNIZATION; VACCINATION; DISEASE; ILLNESS; SEASON AB Background: Little information is available describing the epidemiology and clinical characteristics of those <12 months hospitalized with influenza, particularly at a population level. Methods: We used population-based, laboratory-confirmed influenza hospitalization surveillance data from 2003 to 2012 seasons to describe the impact of influenza by age category (<3, 3 to <6 and 6 to <12 months). Logistic regression was used to explore risk factors for intensive care unit (ICU) admission. Adjusted age-specific, influenza-associated hospitalization rates were calculated and applied to the number of US infants to estimate national numbers of hospitalizations. Results: Influenza was associated with an annual average of 6514 infant hospitalizations (range 1842-12,502). Hospitalization rates among infants <3 months were substantially higher than the rate in older infants. Most hospitalizations occurred in otherwise healthy infants (75%) among whom up to 10% were admitted to the ICU and up to 4% had respiratory failure. These proportions were 2-3 times higher in infants with high risk conditions. Infants < 6 months were 40% more likely to be admitted to the ICU than older infants. Lung disease (adjusted odds ratio 1.80; 95% confidence interval 1.22-2.67), cardiovascular disease (adjusted odds ratio: 4.16; 95% confidence interval: 2.65-6.53), and neuromuscular disorder (adjusted odds ratio: 2.99; 95% confidence interval: 1.87-4.78) were risk factors for ICU admission among all infants. Conclusions: The impact of influenza on infants, particularly those very young or with high risk conditions, underscores the importance of influenza vaccination, especially among pregnant women and those in contact with young infants not eligible for vaccination. C1 [Chaves, Sandra S.; Perez, Alejandro] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Farley, Monica M.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Atlanta, GA USA. [Farley, Monica M.] Atlanta Vet Adm Med Ctr, Atlanta, GA USA. [Miller, Lisa] Colorado Dept Publ Hlth & Environm, Denver, CO USA. [Schaffner, William; Lindegren, Mary L.] Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Dept Prevent Med, Nashville, TN 37212 USA. [Sharangpani, Ruta] Michigan Dept Community Hlth, Lansing, MI USA. [Meek, James; Yousey-Hindes, Kimberley] Sch Publ Hlth, Connecticut Emerging Infect Program, New Haven, CT USA. [Thomas, Ann] Oregon Publ Hlth Div, Portland, OR USA. [Boulton, Rachelle] Utah Dept Hlth, Salt Lake City, UT 84116 USA. [Baumbach, Joan; Hancock, Emily B.] New Mexico Dept Hlth, Santa Fe, NM USA. [Bandyopadhyay, Ananda S.] Rhode Isl Dept Hlth, Providence, RI 02908 USA. [Lynfield, Ruth; Morin, Craig] Minnesota Dept Hlth, St Paul, MN USA. [Zansky, Shelley M.] New York State Dept Hlth, Emerging Infect Program, Albany, NY USA. [Reingold, Arthur] Calif Emerging Infect Program, Oakland, CA USA. [Bennett, Nancy M.] Univ Rochester, Sch Med & Dent, Dept Med, Rochester, NY 14642 USA. [Bennett, Nancy M.] Dept Publ Hlth, Rochester, NY USA. [Ryan, Patricia] Maryland Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, Baltimore, MD USA. [Fowler, Brian] Ohio Dept Hlth, Columbus, OH 43266 USA. RP Chaves, SS (reprint author), 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop A-20, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM schaves@cdc.gov OI Yousey-Hindes, Kimberly/0000-0002-9418-575X; Bandyopadhyay, Ananda/0000-0002-8395-2001 FU CDC; CDC [CDC-RFA-CK12-1202, 5U38HM000414] FX The Influenza Hospitalization Surveillance Network (FluSurv-NET) is a collaboration of state health departments, academic institutions and local partners and is funded by the CDC. This publication was supported in part by Cooperative Agreement number CDC-RFA-CK12-1202 and 5U38HM000414 from the CDC. NR 33 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0891-3668 EI 1532-0987 J9 PEDIATR INFECT DIS J JI Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 33 IS 9 BP 912 EP 919 DI 10.1097/INF.0000000000000321 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics GA AO0QU UT WOS:000341017100009 PM 24577042 ER PT J AU He, YL Yang, JG Zeng, G Shen, T Fontaine, RE Zhang, LJ Shi, GQ Wang, YL Li, Q Long, J AF He, Yilin Yang, Jianguo Zeng, Guang Shen, Tao Fontaine, Robert E. Zhang, Lijie Shi, Guoqing Wang, Yulin Li, Qin Long, Jiang TI Risk Factors for Critical Disease and Death from Hand, Foot and Mouth Disease SO PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE hand; foot and mouth disease; death; risk factors; treatment ID ANDROGRAPHIS-PANICULATA; ENTEROVIRUS-71 INFECTION; RESPONSES; MICE; GLUCOCORTICOIDS; EPIDEMIOLOGY; ENCEPHALITIS; LYMPHOCYTE; ACTIVATION; EVOLUTION AB Background: There has been a high mortality and morbidity rate of critical and fatal patients from hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD) in China in recent. Causes for development of critical and fatal disease remain unclear. Methods: We performed a case-control study to assess the association between use of drugs and development of critical disease and death from HFMD. Results: We found that glucocorticoids treatment was associated with a greater incidence of severe HFMD, whereas andrographolides treatment was associated with a protective effect when they are used for treatment within 48 hours after onset or before being diagnosed as critical. Conclusions: We recommend that glucocorticoids should not be used for mild HFMD and andrographolides should undergo clinical trials for treatment of enterovirus 71 infections. C1 [He, Yilin; Yang, Jianguo] Taizhou Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Taizhou, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [He, Yilin; Zeng, Guang; Shen, Tao; Zhang, Lijie; Shi, Guoqing] Chinese Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Chinese Field Epidemiol Training Program, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Fontaine, Robert E.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Wang, Yulin; Li, Qin; Long, Jiang] Chongqing Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Chongqing, Peoples R China. RP He, YL (reprint author), Taizhou Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Taizhou, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. EM heyilin001@163.com FU Chinese Field Epidemiology Training Program, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention FX This work was supported by Chinese Field Epidemiology Training Program, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention. Its contents are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 32 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 14 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0891-3668 EI 1532-0987 J9 PEDIATR INFECT DIS J JI Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 33 IS 9 BP 966 EP 970 DI 10.1097/INF.0000000000000319 PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics GA AO0QU UT WOS:000341017100019 PM 24577041 ER PT J AU Ahluwalia, IB Ding, H Harrison, L D'Angelo, D Singleton, JA Bridges, C AF Ahluwalia, Indu B. Ding, Helen Harrison, Leslie D'Angelo, Denise Singleton, James A. Bridges, Carolyn CA PRAMS Influenza Working Grp TI Disparities in Influenza Vaccination Coverage Among Women with Live-Born Infants: PRAMS Surveillance During the 2009-2010 Influenza Season SO PUBLIC HEALTH REPORTS LA English DT Article ID PREGNANT-WOMEN; UNITED-STATES; ADULTS; IMMUNIZATION; VACCINES AB Objectives. Vaccination during pregnancy significantly reduces the risk of influenza illness among pregnant women and their infants up to 6 months of age; however, many women do not get vaccinated. We examined disparities in vaccination coverage among women who delivered a live-born infant during the 2009-2010 influenza season, when two separate influenza vaccinations were recommended. Methods. Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (PRAMS) data from 29 states and New York City, collected during the 2009-2010 influenza season, were used to examine uptake of seasonal (unweighted n=27,153) and pandemic influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 (pH1N1) (n=27,372) vaccination by racially/ ethnically diverse women who delivered a live-born infant from September 1, 2009, through May 31, 2010. Results. PRAMS data showed variation in seasonal and pH1N1 influenza vaccination coverage among women with live-born infants by racial/ethnic group. For seasonal influenza vaccination, coverage was 50.5% for non-Hispanic white, 30.2% for non-Hispanic black, 42.1% for Hispanic, and 48.2% for non-Hispanic other women. For pH1N1, vaccination coverage was 41.4% for non-Hispanic white, 25.5% for non-Hispanic black, 41.1% for Hispanic, and 43.3% for non-Hispanic other women. Compared with non-Hispanic white women, non-Hispanic black women had lower seasonal (crude prevalence ratio [cPR] = 0.60, 95% confidence interval [Cl] 0.55, 0.64) and pH1N1 (cPR=0.62, 95% Cl 0.57, 0.67) vaccination coverage; these disparities diminished but remained after adjusting for provider recommendation or offer for influenza vaccination, insurance status, and demographic factors (seasonal vaccine: adjusted PR [aPR] = 0.80, 95% Cl 0.74, 0.86; and pH1N1 vaccine: aPR=0.75, 95% Cl 0.68, 0.82). Conclusion. To reduce disparities in influenza vaccination uptake by pregnant women, targeted efforts toward providers and interventions focusing on pregnant and postpartum women may be needed. C1 [Ahluwalia, Indu B.; Ding, Helen; Harrison, Leslie; D'Angelo, Denise] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Reprod Hlth, Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring Syst, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Ding, Helen; Singleton, James A.; Bridges, Carolyn] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Immunizat Serv Div, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Ding, Helen] DB Consulting Grp Inc, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP Ahluwalia, IB (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Reprod Hlth, Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring Syst, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,MS-F74, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM iahluwalia@cdc.gov NR 31 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU ASSOC SCHOOLS PUBLIC HEALTH PI WASHINGTON PA 1900 M ST NW, STE 710, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0033-3549 J9 PUBLIC HEALTH REP JI Public Health Rep. PD SEP-OCT PY 2014 VL 129 IS 5 BP 408 EP 416 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AO2DC UT WOS:000341124700003 PM 25177052 ER PT J AU Santibanez, TA Lu, PJ O'Halloran, A Meghani, A Grabowsky, M Singleton, JA AF Santibanez, Tammy A. Lu, Peng-Jun O'Halloran, Alissa Meghani, Ankita Grabowsky, Mark Singleton, James A. TI Trends in Childhood Influenza Vaccination Coverage-US, 2004-2012 SO PUBLIC HEALTH REPORTS LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; IMMUNIZATION PRACTICES; ADVISORY-COMMITTEE; PARENTAL REPORT; YOUNG-CHILDREN; RECOMMENDATIONS; VALIDITY AB Objective. We compared estimates of childhood influenza vaccination coverage by health status, age, and racial/ethnic group across eight consecutive influenza seasons (2004 through 2012) based on two survey systems to assess trends in childhood influenza vaccination coverage in the U.S. Methods. We used National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) and National Immunization Survey-Flu (NIS-Flu) data to estimate receipt of at least one dose of influenza vaccination among children aged 6 months to 17 years based on parental report. We computed estimates using Kaplan-Meier survival analysis methods. Results. Based on the NHIS, overall influenza vaccination coverage with at least one dose of influenza vaccine among children increased from 16.2% during the 2004-2005 influenza season to 47.1% during the 2011-2012 influenza season. Children with health conditions that put them at high risk for complications from influenza had higher influenza vaccination coverage than children without these health conditions for all the seasons studied. In seven of the eight seasons studied, there were no significant differences in influenza vaccination coverage between non-Hispanic black and non-Hispanic white children. Influenza vaccination coverage estimates for children were slightly higher based on NIS-Flu data compared with NHIS data for the 2010-2011 and 2011-2012 influenza seasons (4.1 and 4.4 percentage points higher, respectively); both NIS-Flu and NHIS estimates had similar patterns of decreasing vaccination coverage with increasing age. Conclusions. Although influenza vaccination coverage among children continued to increase, by the 2011-2012 influenza season, only slightly less than half of U.S. children were vaccinated against influenza. Much improvement is needed to ensure all children aged >= 6 months are vaccinated annually against influenza. C1 [Santibanez, Tammy A.; Lu, Peng-Jun; O'Halloran, Alissa; Singleton, James A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Meghani, Ankita; Grabowsky, Mark] Natl Vaccine Program Off, Washington, DC USA. RP Santibanez, TA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS A-19, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM afz5@cdc.gov NR 38 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 5 PU ASSOC SCHOOLS PUBLIC HEALTH PI WASHINGTON PA 1900 M ST NW, STE 710, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0033-3549 J9 PUBLIC HEALTH REP JI Public Health Rep. PD SEP-OCT PY 2014 VL 129 IS 5 BP 417 EP 427 PG 11 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AO2DC UT WOS:000341124700004 PM 25177053 ER PT J AU Van Handel, M Mulatu, MS AF Van Handel, Michelle Mulatu, Mesfin S. TI Effectiveness of the US National HIV Testing Day Campaigns in Promoting HIV Testing: Evidence from CDC-Funded HIV Testing Sites, 2010 SO PUBLIC HEALTH REPORTS LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; HISPANICS; BARRIERS; CARE AB Objectives. We assessed if HIV testing and diagnoses increased during the week of National HIV Testing Day (NHTD) and if characteristics of people who were tested varied compared with control weeks. Methods. We analyzed HIV testing data from the 2010 National HIV Prevention Program Monitoring and Evaluation system to compare NHTD week (June 24-30, 2010) with two control weeks (January 7-13, 2010, and August 12-18, 2010) for the number of HIV testing events and new HIV-positive diagnoses, by demographics and other HIV-related variables. Characteristics associated with testing during NHTD week compared with control weeks were identified using Chi-square analyses. Results. In 2010, an average of 15,000 more testing events were conducted and 100 more new HIV-positive diagnoses were identified during NHTD week than during the control weeks (p<0.001). Compared with control weeks, people tested during NHTD week were significantly less likely to be aged 20-29 years and non-Hispanic white and significantly more likely to be (1) aged >= 50 years, (2) non-Hispanic black or African American, (3) men who have sex with men, (4) low-risk heterosexuals, (5) tested with a rapid HIV test, or (6) tested in a non-health-care setting. Conclusion. In 2010, CDC-funded HIV testing events and new HIV-positive diagnoses increased during NHTD week compared with control weeks. HIV testing programs increased the use of rapid tests and returned a high percentage of test results. NHTD campaigns reached populations disproportionately affected by HIV and further expanded testing to people traditionally less likely to be tested. Incorporating strategies used during NHTD in programs conducted throughout the year may assist in increasing HIV testing and the number of HIV-positive diagnoses. C1 [Van Handel, Michelle; Mulatu, Mesfin S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Program Evaluat Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Van Handel, M (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Program Evaluat Branch, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS E-59, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM ioq4@cdc.gov NR 23 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 4 PU ASSOC SCHOOLS PUBLIC HEALTH PI WASHINGTON PA 1900 M ST NW, STE 710, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0033-3549 J9 PUBLIC HEALTH REP JI Public Health Rep. PD SEP-OCT PY 2014 VL 129 IS 5 BP 446 EP 454 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AO2DC UT WOS:000341124700007 PM 25177056 ER PT J AU Cui, WJ Zack, MM Wethington, H AF Cui, Wanjun Zack, Matthew M. Wethington, Holly TI Health-related quality of life and body mass index among US adolescents SO QUALITY OF LIFE RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Adolescents; Body mass index; Health-related quality of life (HRQOL); National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES); Obesity; Overweight; Underweight ID OBESE CHILDREN; ASSOCIATIONS; PREVALENCE; OVERWEIGHT; DISEASE; RISK; PREDICTORS; FATNESS; WEIGHT; YOUTH AB To examine the magnitude of differences in health-related quality of life (HRQOL) by body mass index (BMI) in a population-based sample of United States adolescents overall and by sex, and to provide national prevalence estimates of reported HRQOL outcomes for not only obese and overweight but also underweight adolescents. From the 2001 through 2010 cross-sectional National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys, we estimated the percentages of four HRQOL outcomes-self-rated health, physically unhealthy days, mentally unhealthy days, and activity limitation days-in four BMI categories-obese, overweight, normal weight, and underweight-of approximately 6,000 US adolescents aged 12-17 years. We also estimated the percentages for boys and girls separately. Substantial gaps in self-rated health exist between normal-weight adolescents and those who are obese and overweight, but not underweight. Eighteen percent (95 % CI 15-22) of obese adolescents reported fair or poor health compared to only 5 % (95 % CI 4-7) of normal-weight adolescents. Thirty-seven percent (95 % CI 33-42) of obese adolescents reported excellent or very good health, compared to 65 % (94 % CI 63-67) of normal-weight adolescents. However, all BMI groups reported similar percentages of physically unhealthy days, mentally unhealthy days, and activity limitation days. The associations between HRQOL and BMI groups did not vary by sex. Boys generally reported significantly better self-rated health and mental health than girls. Specifically, obese boys reported better self-rated health, mental health, and fewer activity limitation days than obese girls. Substantially, significant differences in some domains of HRQOL are found between above normal-weight and normal-weight US adolescents. This relationship between BMI and HRQOL is robust and observed among both boys and girls. C1 [Cui, Wanjun; Zack, Matthew M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Populat Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Wethington, Holly] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Cui, WJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Populat Hlth, 4770 Buford Highway NE,MS F-78, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM wtd9@cdc.gov FU CDC through the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE) fellowship program FX The project was undertaken while Dr. Cui was under contract with CDC through the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE) fellowship program. NR 34 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 7 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0962-9343 EI 1573-2649 J9 QUAL LIFE RES JI Qual. Life Res. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 23 IS 7 BP 2139 EP 2150 DI 10.1007/s11136-014-0646-3 PG 12 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AN4ZF UT WOS:000340597900024 PM 24526296 ER PT J AU Loosier, PS Malcarney, MB Slive, L Cramer, RC Burgess, B Hoover, KW Romaguera, R AF Loosier, Penny S. Malcarney, Mary-Beth Slive, Lauren Cramer, Ryan C. Burgess, Brittany Hoover, Karen W. Romaguera, Raul TI Chlamydia Screening for Sexually Active Young Women Under the Affordable Care Act: New Opportunities and Lingering Barriers SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES LA English DT Review ID TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS; UNITED-STATES; HEALTH-CARE; ADOLESCENTS; STIGMA; ADULTS; SHAME; DISPARITIES; PREVALENCE; GONORRHEA AB The Affordable Care Act of 2010 (ACA) contains a provision requiring private insurers issuing or renewing plans on or after September 23, 2010, to provide, without cost sharing, preventive services recommended by US Preventive Services Task Force (grades A and B), among other recommending bodies. As a grade A recommendation, chlamydia screening for sexually active young women 24 years and younger and older women at risk for chlamydia falls under this requirement. This article examines the potential effect on chlamydia screening among this population across private and public health plans and identifies lingering barriers not addressed by this legislation. Examination of the impact on women with private insurance touches upon the distinction between coverage under grandfathered plans, where the requirement does not apply, and nongrandfathered plans, where the requirement does apply. Acquisition of private health insurance through health insurance Marketplaces is also discussed. For public health plans, coverage of preventive services without cost sharing differs for individuals enrolled in standard Medicaid, covered under the Medicaid expansion included in the ACA, or those enrolled under the Children's Health Insurance Program or who fall under Early, Periodic, Screening, Diagnosis and Treatment criteria. The discussion of lingering barriers not addressed by the ACA includes the uninsured, physician reimbursement, cost sharing, confidentiality, low rates of appropriate sexual history taking by providers, and disclosures of sensitive information. In addition, the role of safety net programs that provide health care to individuals regardless of ability to pay is examined in light of the expectation that they also remain a payer of last resort. C1 [Loosier, Penny S.; Malcarney, Mary-Beth; Slive, Lauren; Cramer, Ryan C.; Burgess, Brittany; Hoover, Karen W.; Romaguera, Raul] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Malcarney, Mary-Beth] George Washington Univ, Washington, DC USA. RP Loosier, PS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS-E02, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM ploosier@cdc.gov NR 47 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 14 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0148-5717 EI 1537-4521 J9 SEX TRANSM DIS JI Sex. Transm. Dis. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 41 IS 9 BP 538 EP 544 DI 10.1097/OLQ.0000000000000170 PG 7 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA AO1ND UT WOS:000341078400004 PM 25118966 ER PT J AU Tao, GY Hoover, KW Nye, MB Body, BA AF Tao, Guoyu Hoover, Karen W. Nye, Melinda B. Body, Barbara A. TI Age-Specific Chlamydial Infection Among Pregnant Women in the United States: Evidence for Updated Recommendations SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES LA English DT Article AB Background: In the United States, chlamydia screening has been recommended for all pregnant women by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) but only for pregnant women who are at increased risk by the US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF). Very limited evidence, such as age-specific chlamydia positivity in pregnant women, has been used to develop these recommendations. Methods: We analyzed data from a large commercial laboratory corporation in the United States in 2013. At the first prenatal visit made by women aged 15 to 44 years for whom a chlamydia test was performed between June 2008 and July 2010, we estimated positivity of chlamydia by age, insurance coverage, geographic region, and test type. Results: Of 601,001 pregnant women aged 15 to 44 years who had routine prenatal care, 62.9% had private insurance and 32.9% had Medicaid coverage, 60.3% resided in the South region, and 43.2% were aged 15 to 24 years, 26.8% were aged 25 to 29 years, and 19.1% were aged 30 to 34 years. Chlamydia positivity was 3.6% overall, and significantly decreased as age increased (15-19 years: 9.6 %; 20-24 years: 5.2%; 25-29 years: 1.8%; 30-34 years: 0.9%; and 35-44 years: 0.6%; P < 0.05). Conclusions: Our findings of higher positivity among younger pregnant women suggest that the yield is likely to be greater from screening younger pregnant women than from screening older pregnant women to identify chlamydia infection. The benefits of harmonizing CDC and USPSTF recommendations for pregnant women could be explored by reviewing age-specific positivity data and estimating the frequency of prenatal adverse health outcomes caused by chlamydia to develop consensus regarding the age limit for pregnant women who should be screened. C1 [Tao, Guoyu; Hoover, Karen W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Nye, Melinda B.; Body, Barbara A.] Lab Corp Amer Holdings, Burlington, NC USA. RP Tao, GY (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS-E80, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM gat3@cdc.gov NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0148-5717 EI 1537-4521 J9 SEX TRANSM DIS JI Sex. Transm. Dis. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 41 IS 9 BP 556 EP 559 DI 10.1097/OLQ.0000000000000166 PG 4 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA AO1ND UT WOS:000341078400009 PM 25118971 ER PT J AU Bradley, H Gruber, D Introcaso, CE Foxhood, J Wendell, D Rahman, M Ewell, J Kirkcaldy, RD Weinstock, HS AF Bradley, Heather Gruber, DeAnn Introcaso, Camille E. Foxhood, Joseph Wendell, Debbie Rahman, Mohammad Ewell, Joy Kirkcaldy, Robert D. Weinstock, Hillard S. TI Congenital Syphilis Investigation Processes and Timing in Louisiana SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES LA English DT Article AB Background: Congenital syphilis (CS) is a potentially life-threatening yet preventable infection. State and local public health jurisdictions conduct investigations of possible CS cases to determine case status and to inform public health prevention efforts. These investigations occur when jurisdictions receive positive syphilis test results from pregnant women or from infants. Methods: We extracted data from Louisiana's electronic case management system for 328 infants investigated as possible CS cases in 2010 to 2011. Using date stamps from the case management system, we described CS investigations in terms of processes and timing. Results: Eighty-seven investigations were prompted by positive test results from women who were known to be pregnant by the health jurisdiction, and 241 investigations were prompted by positive syphilis test results from infants. Overall, investigations required a median of 101 days to complete, although 25% were complete within 36 days. Investigations prompted by positive test results from infants required a median of 135 days to complete, and those prompted by positive test results from pregnant women required a median of 41 days. Conclusions: Three times as many CS investigations began with reported positive syphilis test results from infants as from pregnant women, and these investigations required more time to complete. When CS investigations begin after an infant's birth, the opportunity to ensure that women are treated during pregnancy is missed, and surveillance data cannot inform prevention efforts on a timely basis. Consistently ascertaining pregnancy status among women whose positive syphilis test results are reported to public health jurisdictions could help to assure timely CS prevention efforts. C1 [Bradley, Heather; Introcaso, Camille E.; Kirkcaldy, Robert D.; Weinstock, Hillard S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Gruber, DeAnn; Foxhood, Joseph; Wendell, Debbie; Rahman, Mohammad; Ewell, Joy] Louisiana Off Publ Hlth STD HIV Program, New Orleans, LA USA. RP Bradley, H (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop E-46, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM iyk5@cdc.gov NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0148-5717 EI 1537-4521 J9 SEX TRANSM DIS JI Sex. Transm. Dis. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 41 IS 9 BP 560 EP 563 DI 10.1097/OLQ.0000000000000167 PG 4 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA AO1ND UT WOS:000341078400010 PM 25118972 ER PT J AU Introcaso, CE Dunne, EF Hariri, S Panicker, G Unger, ER Markowitz, LE AF Introcaso, Camille E. Dunne, Eileen F. Hariri, Susan Panicker, Gitika Unger, Elizabeth R. Markowitz, Lauri E. TI Prevaccine era human papillomavirus types 6, 11, 16 and 18 seropositivity in the USA, National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys, 2003-2006 SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS LA English DT Article ID VACCINE; ANTIBODIES; INFECTION; STATES; WOMEN; MEN AB Background A vaccine is available to prevent human papillomavirus (HPV) 6, 11, 16 and 18; in the prevaccine era, seropositivity to vaccine types is a measure of natural exposure. Methods We describe HPV seropositivity in the USA among 14-59-year-olds using the 2003-2006 National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys. Results Seropositivity to HPV 6, 11, 16 and 18 was 17.5%, 6.8%, 15.1% and 5.9%, respectively, among women, and 7.0%, 2.4%, 5.2% and 1.5%, respectively, among men. Overall in both sexes, seropositivity was 22.5% for any vaccine type (31.8% in women and 12.9% in men), but substantially lower for three or more types (1.7% overall, 2.8% in women and 0.6% in men). Conclusions Almost a quarter of the participants were seropositive to any HPV vaccine type but few were seropositive to at least three vaccine HPV types in the prevaccine era. Further study is needed to assess if seropositivity would be useful as a biological marker of vaccination. C1 [Introcaso, Camille E.; Dunne, Eileen F.; Hariri, Susan; Markowitz, Lauri E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sexually Transmitted Dis Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis Sexually Transm, Atlanta, GA USA. [Panicker, Gitika; Unger, Elizabeth R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Dunne, EF (reprint author), CDC, Div STD Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis Sexually Transm, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E-02, Decatur, GA 30030 USA. EM dde9@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 13 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 1368-4973 EI 1472-3263 J9 SEX TRANSM INFECT JI Sex. Transm. Infect. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 90 IS 6 BP 505 EP + DI 10.1136/sextrans-2013-051490 PG 4 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA AN7LR UT WOS:000340782300019 PM 24748563 ER PT J AU Morton, J Song, Y Fouad, H El Awa, F El Naga, RA Zhao, LH Palipudi, K Asma, S AF Morton, Jeremy Song, Yang Fouad, Heba El Awa, Fatimah El Naga, Randa Abou Zhao, Luhua Palipudi, Krishna Asma, Samira CA GATS Collaborative Grp TI Cross-country comparison of waterpipe use: nationally representative data from 13 low and middle-income countries from the Global Adult Tobacco Survey (GATS) SO TOBACCO CONTROL LA English DT Article ID POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; CIGARETTE-SMOKING; UNIVERSITY-STUDENTS; NARGHILE SMOKING; HUBBLE-BUBBLE; UNITED-STATES; BIRTH-WEIGHT; PREVALENCE; SYRIA; PIPE AB Objective Evidence shows that smoking tobacco using a waterpipe is significantly associated with diseases. Despite this, waterpipe use seems to be increasing worldwide, though nationally representative data are not widely available. The Global Adult Tobacco Survey (GATS) provides an opportunity to measure various indicators of waterpipe use from nationally representative surveys. Methods Data were obtained for adults 15 years of age or older from 13 countries (Bangladesh, Brazil, China, Egypt, India, Mexico, Philippines, Russia, Thailand, Turkey, Ukraine, Uruguay and Vietnam) who completed GATS from 2008-2010. The GATS questionnaire collected data on current waterpipe use, including daily/less than daily prevalence and number of sessions per day/week. An optional waterpipe module measured former use, age of initiation, and level of consumption during a session. Results GATS was successful in producing nationally representative data on waterpipe use from 13 countries, many of which for the first time. The prevalence of waterpipe use among men was highest in Vietnam (13.0%) and Egypt (6.2%); among women, waterpipe use was highest in Russia (3.2%) and Ukraine (1.1%). While over 90% of adults in Ukraine thought smoking tobacco causes serious illness, only 31.4% thought smoking tobacco using a waterpipe causes serious illness. Conclusions GATS data provide the ability to analyse waterpipe use within a country and across countries. Monitoring of waterpipe use at a national level will better enable countries to target tobacco control interventions such as education campaigns about the negative health effects of waterpipe use. C1 [Morton, Jeremy; Song, Yang; Zhao, Luhua; Palipudi, Krishna; Asma, Samira] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Smoking & Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Fouad, Heba; El Awa, Fatimah; El Naga, Randa Abou] WHO, Reg Off Eastern Mediterranean, Cairo, Egypt. RP Morton, J (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 4770 Buford Hwy, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM jmorton@cdc.gov FU GATS; WHO; CDC Global Tobacco Control Branch; Bloomberg Initiative to Reduce Tobacco Use, a program of Bloomberg Philanthropies FX The authors would like to acknowledge the GATS country surveillance teams; WHO Regional Surveillance Officers; CDC Global Tobacco Control Branch; and the Bloomberg Initiative to Reduce Tobacco Use, a program of Bloomberg Philanthropies, for providing financial support to GATS. NR 38 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 9 PU BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 0964-4563 EI 1468-3318 J9 TOB CONTROL JI Tob. Control PD SEP PY 2014 VL 23 IS 5 BP 419 EP 427 DI 10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2012-050841 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AN7LZ UT WOS:000340783200019 PM 23760609 ER PT J AU Roda, P Ferrari, A Tang, XQ Erlich, P Eisenhower, C Patel, MD Irvin-Barnwell, EA AF Roda, Paul Ferrari, Ashley Tang, Xiaoqin Erlich, Porat Eisenhower, Cindy Patel, Megha D. Irvin-Barnwell, Elizabeth Ann TI Determination of accuracy of polycythemia vera diagnoses and use of the JAK2V617F test in the diagnostic scheme SO ANNALS OF HEMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Polycythemia vera; JAK2V617F; Cancerregistry ID WORLD-HEALTH-ORGANIZATION; TYROSINE KINASE JAK2; MYELOPROLIFERATIVE DISORDERS; ESSENTIAL THROMBOCYTHEMIA; MUTATION; CLASSIFICATION; MANAGEMENT; NEOPLASMS AB In 2005, three independent research groups described the presence of a specific mutation in the JAK2 gene, JAK2V617F, in patients with a Philadelphia chromosome-negative myeloproliferative neoplasm (MPN). The percentage of patients with the mutation varied according to specific disease with > 98 % of polycythemia vera (PV) patients having the mutation. In 2008, the World Health Organization issued new diagnostic criteria for PV including use of the JAK2V617F test as a major diagnostic criterion. The goal of the present study is to determine the accuracy of diagnosing PV in a community practice and reporting of PV to cancer registries, as well as assessing the integration of molecular testing into diagnostic paradigms. Using Geisinger Medical Center's electronic medical records (EMR), patients with a PV diagnosis being seen by a hematologist/oncologist during 2004-2009 were identified. Records were reviewed by a single hematologist/oncologist to determine accuracy of the treating physician's diagnosis and use of the molecular test for the JAK2V617F mutation. There was a diagnosis of PV from the treating physicians in 121 of the 204 evaluable patients (59 %) and another MPN in 21 (10 %). However, we confirmed a PV diagnosis in only 90 patients (44 %). Of the 90 confirmed PV patients, 64 were JAK2V617F-mutation positive while 24 were not tested. While JAK2V617F testing has made a major impact in facilitating the successful delineation of the type of polycythemia (PV versus secondary polycythemia) in patients evaluated in a large, community-based Hematology/Oncology practice, physician usage of other critical tests is inconsistent leading to errors in diagnosis. JAK2V617F mutation testing in combination with other diagnostic criteria may help reduce diagnostic errors. C1 [Roda, Paul; Ferrari, Ashley; Tang, Xiaoqin; Erlich, Porat; Eisenhower, Cindy; Patel, Megha D.] Geisinger Hlth Syst, Danville, PA 17822 USA. [Irvin-Barnwell, Elizabeth Ann] Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registry, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Irvin-Barnwell, EA (reprint author), Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registry, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,MS F-58, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM Jcx0@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention/the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry FX This project has been funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention/the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (Roda PI). The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention/the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. NR 16 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 5 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0939-5555 EI 1432-0584 J9 ANN HEMATOL JI Ann. Hematol. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 93 IS 9 BP 1467 EP 1472 DI 10.1007/s00277-014-2068-2 PG 6 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA AN3RK UT WOS:000340506000003 PM 24687383 ER PT J AU Lasker, BA Bell, M Klenk, HP Sproer, C Schumann, P Brown, JM AF Lasker, Brent A. Bell, Melissa Klenk, Hans-Peter Sproeer, Cathrin Schumann, Peter Brown, June M. TI Nocardia vulneris sp nov., isolated from wounds of human patients in North America SO ANTONIE VAN LEEUWENHOEK INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GENERAL AND MOLECULAR MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Nocardia vulneris; Polyphasic analysis; Wet-lab; In-silico DDHs; Actinomycetes; Wound infection ID BACTERIAL SYSTEMATICS; DNA HYBRIDIZATION; MAXIMUM-LIKELIHOOD; RENATURATION RATES; ACID; CLASSIFICATION; TAXONOMY; DISTANCE; TREES AB Nocardia species are ubiquitous in the environment with an increasing number of species isolated from clinical sources. From 2005 to 2009, eight isolates (W9042, W9247, W9290, W9319, W9846, W9851(T), W9865, and W9908) were obtained from eight patients from three states in the United States and Canada; all were from males ranging in age from 47 to 81 years old; and all were obtained from finger (n = 5) or leg (n = 3) wounds. Isolates were characterized by polyphasic analysis using molecular, phenotypic, morphologic and chemotaxonomic methods. Sequence analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences showed the eight isolates are 100 % identical to each other and belong in the genus Nocardia. The nearest phylogenetically related neighbours were found to be the type strains for Nocardia altamirensis (99.33 % sequence similarity), Nocardia brasiliensis (99.37 %), Nocardia iowensis (98.95 %) and Nocardia tenerifensis (98.44 %). The G+C content of isolate W9851(T) was determined to be 68.4 mol %. The DNA-DNA relatedness between strain W9851(T) and the N. brasiliensis type strain was 72.8 % and 65.8 % when measured in the laboratory and in silico from genome sequences, respectively, and 95.6 % ANI. Whole-cell peptidoglycan was found to contain meso-diaminopimelic acid; MK-8-(H-4)(omega-cyc) was identified as the major menaquinone; the major fatty acids were identified as C-16:0, 10 Me C-18:0, and C-18:1 w9c, the predominant phospholipids were found to include diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylinositol and phosphatidylinositol mannosides; whole-cell sugars detected were arabinose and galactose; and mycolic acids ranging from 38 to 60 carbon atoms were found to be present. These chemotaxonomic analyses are consistent with assignment of the isolates to the genus Nocardia. Matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectra of the clinical isolates showed genus and species level profiles that were different from other Nocardia species. All isolates were resistant to ciprofloxacin, clarithromycin and imipenem but were susceptible to amikacin, amoxicillin/clavulanate, linezolid and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. The results of our polyphasic analysis suggest the new isolates obtained from wound infections represent a novel species within the genus Nocardia, for which the name Nocardia vulneris sp. nov. is proposed, with strain W9851(T) (= DSM 45737(T) = CCUG 62683(T) = NBRC 108936(T)) as the type strain. C1 [Lasker, Brent A.; Bell, Melissa; Brown, June M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, Bacterial Special Pathogens Branch, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Klenk, Hans-Peter; Sproeer, Cathrin; Schumann, Peter] Leibniz Inst DSMZ German Collect Microorganisms &, D-38124 Braunschweig, Germany. RP Lasker, BA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, Bacterial Special Pathogens Branch, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Bldg 17,Room 2025,Mailstop G-11,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM blasker@cdc.gov NR 40 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 10 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0003-6072 EI 1572-9699 J9 ANTON LEEUW INT J G JI Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek PD SEP PY 2014 VL 106 IS 3 BP 543 EP 553 DI 10.1007/s10482-014-0226-0 PG 11 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA AN1PN UT WOS:000340356100014 PM 25015412 ER PT J AU Dombkowski, KJ Cowan, AE Costello, LE Fisher, AM Clark, SJ AF Dombkowski, Kevin J. Cowan, Anne E. Costello, Lauren E. Fisher, Allison M. Clark, Sarah J. TI Feasibility of Automated Appointment Reminders Using Email SO CLINICAL PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article ID IMMUNIZATION; RECALL; NOTIFICATIONS; TECHNOLOGIES; CHILDREN; TRIAL C1 [Dombkowski, Kevin J.; Cowan, Anne E.; Costello, Lauren E.; Clark, Sarah J.] Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Fisher, Allison M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Dombkowski, KJ (reprint author), Univ Michigan, 300 N Ingalls, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. EM kjd@med.umich.edu FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [1U01IP0000316] FX The author(s) disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: This work was supported by Cooperative Agreement Number 1U01IP0000316 from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0009-9228 EI 1938-2707 J9 CLIN PEDIATR JI Clin. Pediatr. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 53 IS 10 BP 1004 EP 1007 DI 10.1177/0009922814527505 PG 4 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA AN4FX UT WOS:000340544100012 PM 24658907 ER PT J AU Lam, E Giovino, GA Shin, M Lee, KA Rolle, I Asma, S AF Lam, Eugene Giovino, Gary A. Shin, Mikyong Lee, Kyung A. Rolle, Italia Asma, Samira TI Relationship Between Frequency and Intensity of Cigarette Smoking and TTFC/C Among Students of the GYTS in Select Countries, 2007-2009 SO JOURNAL OF SCHOOL HEALTH LA English DT Article DE smoking; nicotine dependence; Global Youth Tobacco Survey ID NICOTINE-DEPENDENCE; TOBACCO DEPENDENCE; ADOLESCENTS; SYMPTOMS; RELIABILITY; ADULTHOOD; YOUTH; AGE; QUESTIONNAIRE; INITIATION AB BACKGROUND: This study assessed the construct validity of a measure of nicotine dependence that was used in the Global Youth Tobacco Survey (GYTS). METHODS: Using 2007-2009 data from the GYTS, subjects from 6 countries were used to assess current smokers' odds of reporting time to first cigarette or craving positive (TTFC/C+) by the number of cigarette smoking days per month (DPM) and the number of cigarettes smoked per day (CPD). RESULTS: The percentage of GYTS smokers who reported TTFC/C+ ranged from 58.0% to 69.7%. Compared with students who smoked on 1-2 DPM, those who smoked on 3-9 DPM had 3 times the adjusted odds of reporting TTFC/C+. The adjusted odds of reporting TTFC/C+ were 3 to 7 times higher among those who smoked 10-29 DPM and 6 to 20 times higher among daily smokers. Similarly, the adjusted odds of TTFC/C+ were 3-6 times higher among those who smoked 2-5 CPD and 6 to 20 times higher among those who smoked >6 CPD, compared to those who smoked <1 CPD. CONCLUSION: Associations of TTFC/C+ prevalence with both frequency and intensity of cigarette smoking provide a construct validation of the GYTS question used to assess respondents' TTFC/C status. C1 [Lam, Eugene] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Off Surveillance Epidemiol & Lab Serv, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Giovino, Gary A.] SUNY Buffalo, Dept Community Hlth & Hlth Behav, Sch Publ Hlth & Hlth Profess, Buffalo, NY 14214 USA. [Shin, Mikyong; Rolle, Italia; Asma, Samira] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global Tobacco Control Branch, Off Smoking & Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Lee, Kyung A.] Northrup Grumman Informat Syst, Mclean, VA 22102 USA. RP Lam, E (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Off Surveillance Epidemiol & Lab Serv, 1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM elam@cdc.gov; ggiovino@buffalo.edu; fqx6@cdc.gov; inx6@cdc.gov; itr2@cdc.gov; sea5@cdc.gov FU US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) FX This project was supported by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). None of the authors has a commercial or other financial interest associated with the information presented in this manuscript. The opinions expressed by authors contributing to this journal do not necessarily reflect the opinions of the US Department of Health and Human Services, the Public Health Service, the CDC, or the authors' affiliated institutions. NR 27 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0022-4391 EI 1746-1561 J9 J SCHOOL HEALTH JI J. Sch. Health PD SEP PY 2014 VL 84 IS 9 BP 549 EP 558 DI 10.1111/josh.12185 PG 10 WC Education & Educational Research; Education, Scientific Disciplines; Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Education & Educational Research; Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AN3MX UT WOS:000340493500001 PM 25117888 ER PT J AU de Perio, MA Wiegand, DM Brueck, SE AF de Perio, Marie A. Wiegand, Douglas M. Brueck, Scott E. TI Influenza Vaccination Coverage Among School Employees: Assessing Knowledge, Attitudes, and Behaviors SO JOURNAL OF SCHOOL HEALTH LA English DT Article DE influenza; occupational health; vaccination; vaccine ID UNITED-STATES; SEASONAL INFLUENZA; RESPONSE RATES; PANDEMIC INFLUENZA; COST-EFFECTIVENESS; WORKING ADULTS; CARE WORKERS; WEB; VACCINES; METAANALYSIS AB BACKGROUND: Influenza can spread among students, teachers, and staff in school settings. Vaccination is the most effective method to prevent influenza. We determined 2012-2013 influenza vaccination coverage among school employees, assessed knowledge and attitudes regarding the vaccine, and determined factors associated with vaccine receipt. METHODS: We surveyed 412 (49%) of 841 employees at 1 suburban Ohio school district in March 2013. The Web-based survey assessed personal and work characteristics, vaccine receipt, and knowledge and attitudes regarding the vaccine. RESULTS: Overall, 238 (58%) respondents reported getting the 2012-2013 influenza vaccine. The most common reason for getting the vaccine was to protect oneself or one's family (87%). Beliefs that the vaccine was not needed (32%) or that it was not effective (21%) were the most common reasons for not getting it. Factors independently associated with vaccine receipt were having positive attitudes toward the vaccine, feeling external pressure to get it, and feeling personal control over whether to get it. CONCLUSIONS: Influenza vaccine coverage among school employees should be improved. Messages encouraging school employees to get the vaccine should address misconceptions about the vaccine. Employers should use methods to maximize employee vaccination as part of a comprehensive influenza prevention program. C1 [de Perio, Marie A.; Wiegand, Douglas M.; Brueck, Scott E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Inst Occupat Safety & Hlth, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. RP de Perio, MA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Inst Occupat Safety & Hlth, 4676 Columbia Pkwy,R-10, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM mdeperio@cdc.gov; hzo7@cdc.gov; zcd6@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 35 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 5 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0022-4391 EI 1746-1561 J9 J SCHOOL HEALTH JI J. Sch. Health PD SEP PY 2014 VL 84 IS 9 BP 586 EP 592 DI 10.1111/josh.12184 PG 7 WC Education & Educational Research; Education, Scientific Disciplines; Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Education & Educational Research; Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AN3MX UT WOS:000340493500006 PM 25117893 ER PT J AU Tohme, RA Francois, J Wannemuehler, K Magloire, R Danovaro-Holliday, MC Flannery, B Cavallaro, KF Fitter, DL Purcell, N Dismer, A Tappero, JW Vertefeuille, JF Hyde, TB AF Tohme, Rania A. Francois, Jeannot Wannemuehler, Kathleen Magloire, Roc Danovaro-Holliday, M. Carolina Flannery, Brendan Cavallaro, Kathleen F. Fitter, David L. Purcell, Nora Dismer, Amber Tappero, Jordan W. Vertefeuille, John F. Hyde, Terri B. TI Measles and rubella vaccination coverage in Haiti, 2012: progress towards verifying and challenges to maintaining measles and rubella elimination SO TROPICAL MEDICINE & INTERNATIONAL HEALTH LA English DT Article DE coverage survey; Haiti; measles; rubella; supplementary immunisation activity ID MIDDLE-INCOME COUNTRIES; CAMPAIGN; CHILDREN; AMERICA; IMMUNIZATION; ERADICATION; REASONS; EQUITY; IMPACT AB OBJECTIVES We conducted a nationwide survey to assess measles containing vaccine (MCV) coverage among children aged 1-9 years in Haiti and identify factors associated with vaccination before and during the 2012 nationwide supplementary immunisation activities (SIA). METHODS Haiti was stratified into five geographic regions (Metropolitan Port-au-Prince, North, Centre, South and West), 40 clusters were randomly selected in each region, and 35 households were selected per cluster. RESULTS Among the 7000 visited households, 75.8% had at least one child aged 1-9 years; of these, 5279 (99.5%) households consented to participate in the survey. Of 9883 children enrolled, 91% received MCV before and/or during the SIA; 31% received MR for the first time during the SIA, and 50.7% received two doses of MCV (one before and one during the 2012 SIA). Among the 1685 unvaccinated children during the SIA, the primary reason of non-vaccination was caregivers not being aware of the SIA (31.0%). Children aged 1-4 years had significantly lower MR SIA coverage than those aged 5-9 years (79.5% vs. 84.8%) (P < 0.0001). A higher proportion of children living in the West (12.3%) and Centre (11.2%) regions had never been vaccinated than in other regions (4.8-9.1%). Awareness, educational level of the mother and region were significantly associated with MR vaccination during and before the SIA (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS The 2012 SIA successfully increased MR coverage; however, to maintain measles and rubella elimination, coverage needs to be further increased among children aged 1-4 years and in regions with lower coverage. C1 [Tohme, Rania A.; Wannemuehler, Kathleen; Flannery, Brendan; Cavallaro, Kathleen F.; Hyde, Terri B.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global Immunizat Div, Atlanta, GA USA. [Francois, Jeannot] Minist Publ Hlth & Populat, Expanded Program Immunizat, Port Au Prince, Haiti. [Magloire, Roc] Minist Publ Hlth & Populat, Directorate Epidemiol Lab & Res, Port Au Prince, Haiti. [Danovaro-Holliday, M. Carolina] Pan Amer Hlth Org, Comprehens Family Immunizat Program, Washington, DC USA. [Fitter, David L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv Program, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Fitter, David L.; Purcell, Nora; Dismer, Amber; Tappero, Jordan W.; Vertefeuille, John F.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global Hlth Protect, Atlanta, GA USA. [Purcell, Nora; Vertefeuille, John F.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Haiti Country Off, Port Au Prince, Haiti. RP Tohme, RA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop A-04, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM rtohme@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 30 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 11 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1360-2276 EI 1365-3156 J9 TROP MED INT HEALTH JI Trop. Med. Int. Health PD SEP PY 2014 VL 19 IS 9 BP 1105 EP 1115 DI 10.1111/tmi.12335 PG 11 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA AN4OU UT WOS:000340568200013 PM 25041586 ER PT J AU Ghatee, MA Sharifi, I Kuhls, K Kanannejad, Z Harandi, MF de Almeida, ME Hatam, G Mirhendi, H AF Ghatee, Mohammad Amin Sharifi, Iraj Kuhls, Katrin Kanannejad, Zahra Harandi, Majid Fasihi de Almeida, Marcos E. Hatam, Gholamreza Mirhendi, Hossein TI Heterogeneity of the internal transcribed spacer region in Leishmania tropica isolates from southern Iran SO EXPERIMENTAL PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Leishmania tropica; ITS; Heterogeneity; Sequence analysis; Iran ID CUTANEOUS LEISHMANIASIS; DONOVANI COMPLEX; GENETIC-POLYMORPHISM; CLINICAL-SAMPLES; RIBOSOMAL DNA; MICROSATELLITE ANALYSIS; VISCERAL LEISHMANIASIS; MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY; PHLEBOTOMUS-PAPATASI; INFANTUM MON-1 AB Most of cutaneous leishmaniasis cases occur in only 7 countries, including Iran. Leishmania tropica is the main cause of anthroponotic cutaneous leishmaniasis in Iran. In order to study the heterogeneity and phylogeny of L. tropica in southern Iran, a total of 61 isolates were obtained from Bam district and the cities Kerman and Shiraz. The internal transcribed spacer (ITS) from the ribosomal DNA locus was amplified and then analysed by sequencing. Analysis of the ITS sequences showed four haplotypes in the isolates, including 3 haplotypes among the 58 isolates from the south eastern region, including Barn district and Kerman city, and 2 haplotypes among the 3 isolates from Shiraz city. The results showed a monophyletic structure for the south eastern population. In comparison to GenBank sequences of L tropica from different countries, most of the southeast Iranian and Indian isolates are comprised in one cluster, while isolates from other countries and few other Iranian isolates group in a different cluster. Analysis of ITS sequences of south eastern L. tropica showed a homogeneous population which could be the basis for other molecular epidemiology studies using more discriminative markers and tracing possible changes in the population structure of L tropica. (C) 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Ghatee, Mohammad Amin] Yasuj Univ Med Sci, Cellular & Mol Res Ctr, Yasuj, Iran. [Sharifi, Iraj] Kerman Univ Med Sci, Leishmaniasis Res Ctr, Kerman, Iran. [Kuhls, Katrin] Tech Univ Appl Sci Wildau, Div Mol Biotechnol & Funct Genom, Wildau, Germany. [Kanannejad, Zahra] Shiraz Univ Med Sci, Sch Med, Dept Immunol, Shiraz, Iran. [Harandi, Majid Fasihi] Kerman Univ Med Sci, Sch Med, Dept Parasitol & Mycol, Kerman, Iran. [de Almeida, Marcos E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Ctr Global Hlth, Publ Hlth Serv,US Dept HHS, Atlanta, GA USA. [Hatam, Gholamreza] Univ Med Sci, Sch Med, Basic Sci Infect Dis Res Ctr, Shiraz, Iran. [Mirhendi, Hossein] Univ Tehran Med Sci, Natl Inst Hlth Res, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Parasitol & Mycol, Tehran, Iran. RP Mirhendi, H (reprint author), Univ Tehran Med Sci, Natl Inst Hlth Res, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Parasitol & Mycol, Tehran, Iran. EM mirhendi@tums.ac.ir OI Sharifi, Iraj/0000-0002-6894-6834 FU Research Vice-Chancellor of Kerman University of Medical Sciences FX This investigation was supported by the Research Vice-Chancellor of Kerman University of Medical Sciences. The authors would also like to thank Mrs Z. Mahmoudian, Mrs N. Jalali Zand, Mrs P. Habibi and Dr Z. Babaie for their technical support. They are very grateful for National Institute of Health Research staff's help. NR 54 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0014-4894 EI 1090-2449 J9 EXP PARASITOL JI Exp. Parasitol. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 144 BP 44 EP 51 DI 10.1016/j.exppara.2014.06.003 PG 8 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA AM9RC UT WOS:000340217700008 PM 24932536 ER PT J AU Wang, YZ Tao, GR Cui, YJ Lv, QY Xie, L Li, Y Suo, X Qin, YH Xiao, LH Liu, XY AF Wang, Yunzhou Tao, Geru Cui, Yujuan Lv, Qiyao Xie, Li Li, Yuan Suo, Xun Qin, Yinghe Xiao, Lihua Liu, Xianyong TI Molecular analysis of single oocyst of Eimeria by whole genome amplification (WGA) based nested PCR SO EXPERIMENTAL PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Single oocyst; Nested PCR; Eimeria; Whole genome amplification; Morphology ID LIFE-CYCLE; CELL PCR; TENELLA; POLYMERASE; EXPRESSION; SELECTION; PROTISTS; SAMPLES AB PCR-based molecular tools are widely used for the identification and characterization of protozoa. Here we report the molecular analysis of Eimeria species using combined methods of whole genome amplification (WGA) and nested PCR. Single oocyst of Eimeria stiedai or Eimeria media was directly used for random amplification of the genomic DNA with either primer extension preamplification (PEP) or multiple displacement amplification (MDA), and then the WGA product was used as template in nested PCR with species-specific primers for ITS-1, 18S rDNA and 23S rDNA of E. stiedai and E. media. WGA-based PCR was successful for the amplification of these genes from single oocyst. For the species identification of single oocyst isolated from mixed E. stiedai or E. media, the results from WGA-based PCR were exactly in accordance with those from morphological identification, suggesting the availability of this method in molecular analysis of eimerian parasites at the single oocyst level. WGA-based PCR method can also be applied for the identification and genetic characterization of other protists. (C) 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Wang, Yunzhou; Tao, Geru; Cui, Yujuan; Lv, Qiyao; Xie, Li; Li, Yuan; Suo, Xun; Liu, Xianyong] China Agr Univ, Natl Anim Protozoa Lab, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China. [Wang, Yunzhou; Tao, Geru; Cui, Yujuan; Lv, Qiyao; Xie, Li; Li, Yuan; Suo, Xun; Liu, Xianyong] China Agr Univ, Coll Vet Med, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China. [Suo, Xun; Liu, Xianyong] China Agr Univ, Minist Agr, Key Lab Anim Epidemiol & Zoonosis, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China. [Qin, Yinghe] China Agr Univ, Coll Anim Sci & Technol, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China. [Xiao, Lihua] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Liu, XY (reprint author), China Agr Univ, Natl Anim Protozoa Lab, Beijing 100193, Peoples R China. EM liuxianyong@cau.edu.cn RI Xiao, Lihua/B-1704-2013 OI Xiao, Lihua/0000-0001-8532-2727 FU China Agriculture Research System [CARS-44]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [31330076, 31001060]; Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities [2009JS08] FX This study was supported by China Agriculture Research System (No. CARS-44), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31330076, 31001060) and the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (2009JS08). NR 17 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 21 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0014-4894 EI 1090-2449 J9 EXP PARASITOL JI Exp. Parasitol. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 144 BP 96 EP 99 DI 10.1016/j.exppara.2014.06.019 PG 4 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA AM9RC UT WOS:000340217700016 PM 24996066 ER PT J AU Braun, JM Just, AC Williams, PL Smith, KW Calafat, AM Hauser, R AF Braun, Joe M. Just, Allan C. Williams, Paige L. Smith, Kristen W. Calafat, Antonia M. Hauser, Russ TI Personal care product use and urinary phthalate metabolite and paraben concentrations during pregnancy among women from a fertility clinic SO JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE AND ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE endocrine disruptors; epidemiology; mixtures; parabens; phthalates ID MALE REPRODUCTIVE-SYSTEM; BISPHENOL-A; COSMETIC PRODUCTS; NATIONAL-HEALTH; RISK-ASSESSMENT; EXPOSURE; VARIABILITY; CHILDREN; PHENOLS; HUMANS AB Parabens and phthalates are potential endocrine disruptors frequently used in personal care/beauty products, and the developing fetus may be sensitive to these chemicals. We measured urinary butyl-paraben (BP), methyl-paraben, propyl-paraben, mono-n-butyl phthalate (MBP), and monoethyl phthalate (MEP) concentrations up to three times in 177 pregnant women from a fertility clinic in Boston, MA. Using linear mixed models, we examined the relationship between self-reported personal care product use in the previous 24 h and urinary paraben and phthalate metabolite concentrations. Lotion, cosmetic, and cologne/perfume use were associated with the greatest increases in the molar sum of phthalate metabolite and paraben concentrations, although the magnitude of individual biomarker increases varied by product used. For example, women who used lotion had BP concentrations 111% higher (95% confidence interval (Cl): 41%, 216%) than non-users, whereas their MBP concentrations were only 28% higher (Cl: 2%, 62%). Women using cologne/perfume had MEP concentrations 167% (Cl: 98%, 261%) higher than non-users, but BP concentrations were similar. We observed a monotonic dose-response relationship between the total number of products used and urinary paraben and phthalate metabolite concentrations. These results suggest that questionnaire data may be useful for assessing exposure to a mixture of chemicals from personal care products during pregnancy. C1 [Braun, Joe M.] Brown Univ, Dept Epidemiol, Program Publ Hlth, Providence, RI 02912 USA. [Just, Allan C.; Smith, Kristen W.; Hauser, Russ] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Williams, Paige L.] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Biostat, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Calafat, Antonia M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Braun, JM (reprint author), Brown Univ, Dept Epidemiol, Program Publ Hlth, 121 S Main St, Providence, RI 02912 USA. EM joseph_braun_1@brown.edu OI Just, Allan/0000-0003-4312-5957 FU NIEHS [T32 ES007069, R01 ES009718, P30 ES000002, R00 ES020346] FX We acknowledge the technical assistance of M. Silva, E. Samandar, J. Preau, X. Ye, X. Zhou, R. Hennings, and J. Tao (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)) in measuring the urinary concentrations of phthalate metabolites and parabens. This work was funded by NIEHS grants T32 ES007069, R01 ES009718, P30 ES000002, and R00 ES020346. NR 46 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 5 U2 50 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1559-0631 EI 1559-064X J9 J EXPO SCI ENV EPID JI J. Expo. Sci. Environ. Epidemiol. PD SEP-OCT PY 2014 VL 24 IS 5 BP 459 EP 466 DI 10.1038/jes.2013.69 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA AN1AX UT WOS:000340316200002 PM 24149971 ER PT J AU Bertelsen, RJ Engel, SM Jusko, TA Calafat, AM Hoppin, JA London, SJ Eggesbo, M Aase, H Zeiner, P Reichborn-Kjennerud, T Knudsen, GR Guidry, VT Longnecker, MR AF Bertelsen, Randi J. Engel, Stephanie M. Jusko, Todd A. Calafat, Antonia M. Hoppin, Jane A. London, Stephanie J. Eggesbo, Merete Aase, Heidi Zeiner, Pal Reichborn-Kjennerud, Ted Knudsen, Gun R. Guidry, Virginia T. Longnecker, Matthew R. TI Reliability of triclosan measures in repeated urine samples from Norwegian pregnant women SO JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE AND ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE biomarkers; MoBa; intraclass correlation coefficient; pregnancy; reliability; triclosan ID BISPHENOL-A; ENVIRONMENTAL PHENOLS; TEMPORAL VARIABILITY; US POPULATION; SENSITIZATION; EXPOSURE; PARABENS; CHILDREN AB Triclosan (TCS) is a synthetic antibacterial chemical that is used in personal care products and is measurable in urine. Urinary TCS has been associated with allergy in children in Norway and the United States. A reasonable degree of temporal reliability of TCS urinary concentrations has been reported among US children as well as for Puerto Rican pregnant women. We examined the reliability of TCS measures in urine among Norwegian pregnant women. TCS was measured in spot urine samples collected in gestational weeks 17, 23, and 29 from 45 women in The Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study (MoBa) enrolled in 2007 and 2008. Spearman's rank correlation coefficient (r(s)) and intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) statistics were calculated. Fifty-six percent of the 45 women had a least one sample with a value above the method limit of detection (2.3 mu g/l). The correlation coefficients were 0.61 for TCS concentrations at 17 and 23 weeks and 0.49 for concentrations at 17 and 29 weeks. For the three time points, the ICC was 0.49. The reliability of TCS concentrations in repeated urine samples from pregnant Norwegian women was reasonably good, suggesting a single urine sample can adequately represent TCS exposure during pregnancy. C1 [Bertelsen, Randi J.; Jusko, Todd A.; Hoppin, Jane A.; London, Stephanie J.; Longnecker, Matthew R.] NIEHS, Epidemiol Branch, NIH, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Bertelsen, Randi J.] Norwegian Inst Publ Hlth, Dept Food Water & Cosmet, N-0403 Oslo, Norway. [Engel, Stephanie M.; Guidry, Virginia T.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Epidemiol, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Jusko, Todd A.] Univ Rochester, Sch Med & Dent, Dept Publ Hlth Sci, Rochester, NY USA. [Calafat, Antonia M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Atlanta, GA USA. [Eggesbo, Merete] Norwegian Inst Publ Hlth, Dept Genes & Environm, N-0403 Oslo, Norway. [Aase, Heidi] Norwegian Inst Publ Hlth, Dept Childhood Dev & Cultural Divers, N-0403 Oslo, Norway. [Zeiner, Pal] Univ Oslo, Dept Genet, Inst Clin Med, Oslo, Norway. [Reichborn-Kjennerud, Ted; Knudsen, Gun R.] Norwegian Inst Publ Hlth, N-0403 Oslo, Norway. RP Bertelsen, RJ (reprint author), Norwegian Inst Publ Hlth, Dept Food Water & Cosmet, N-0403 Oslo, Norway. EM randi.jacobsen.bertelsen@helse-bergen.no OI Longnecker, Matthew/0000-0001-6073-5322; Eggesbo, Merete/0000-0002-0006-5336; London, Stephanie/0000-0003-4911-5290 FU Norwegian Ministry of Health; Ministry of Education and Research; NIH/NIEHS [N01-ES-75558]; NIH/NINDS [1 UO1 NS 047537-01]; Norwegian Research Council/FUGE [151918/S10]; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [P30-ES010126, R01-ES021777, K12-ES019852]; Intramural Research Program of the National Institute of Health (NIH), National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) FX The Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study is supported by the Norwegian Ministry of Health and the Ministry of Education and Research, NIH/NIEHS (contract no N01-ES-75558), NIH/NINDS (grant no. 1 UO1 NS 047537-01), and the Norwegian Research Council/FUGE (grant no. 151918/S10). This study was supported in part by the grants from the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (P30-ES010126, R01-ES021777, and K12-ES019852), the Intramural Research Program of the National Institute of Health (NIH), National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS). The involvement of the CDC was determined not to constitute engagement in human subject research. Human subjects committees at NIEHS and at the University of North Carolina also approved this study protocol. We acknowledge X. Ye, X. Zhou, J. Kramer, and T. Jia (CDC) for technical assistance in measuring TCS. We are grateful to all the participating families in Norway who take part in this ongoing cohort study. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the CDC. NR 22 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 25 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1559-0631 EI 1559-064X J9 J EXPO SCI ENV EPID JI J. Expo. Sci. Environ. Epidemiol. PD SEP-OCT PY 2014 VL 24 IS 5 BP 517 EP 521 DI 10.1038/jes.2013.95 PG 5 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA AN1AX UT WOS:000340316200010 PM 24472755 ER PT J AU Branum, AM Rossen, LM AF Branum, Amy M. Rossen, Lauren M. TI The contribution of mixed dishes to vegetable intake among US children and adolescents SO PUBLIC HEALTH NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE Vegetables; Nutrition surveys ID FRUIT AB Objective: To describe the contribution of mixed dishes to vegetable consumption and to estimate vegetable intake according to specific types of vegetables and other foods among US children and adolescents. Design: The 2003-2008 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), a nationally representative probability survey conducted in the USA. Setting: Civilian non-institutionalized US population. Subjects: All children and adolescents aged 2-18 years who met eligibility criteria (n 9169). Results: Approximately 59% of total vegetable intake came from whole forms of vegetables with 41% coming from a mixed dish. White potatoes (10.7 (SE 0.6) %), fried potatoes (10.2 (SE 0.4) %), potato chips (8.6 (SE 0.5) %) and other vegetables (9.2 (SE 0.5) %) accounted for most vegetables in their whole forms, whereas pasta dishes (9.5 (SE 0.4) %), chilli/soups/stews (7.0 (SE 0.5) %), pizza/calzones (7.6 (SE 0.3) %) and other foods (13.7 (SE 0.6) %) accounted for most mixed dishes. Usual mean vegetable intake was 1.02 cup equivalents/d; however, after excluding vegetables from mixed dishes, mean intake fell to 0.54 cup equivalents/d and to 0.32 cup equivalents/d when fried potatoes were further excluded. Conclusions: Mixed dishes account for nearly half of overall vegetable intake in US children and adolescents. It is critical for future research to examine various components of vegetable intake carefully in order to inform policy and programmatic efforts aimed at improving dietary intake among children and adolescents. C1 [Branum, Amy M.; Rossen, Lauren M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Off Anal & Epidemiol, Infant Child & Womens Hlth Stat Branch, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. RP Branum, AM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Off Anal & Epidemiol, Infant Child & Womens Hlth Stat Branch, 3311 Toledo Rd, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. EM ambranum@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 19 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 11 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA EDINBURGH BLDG, SHAFTESBURY RD, CB2 8RU CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND SN 1368-9800 EI 1475-2727 J9 PUBLIC HEALTH NUTR JI Public Health Nutr. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 17 IS 9 BP 2053 EP 2060 DI 10.1017/S1368980013002164 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nutrition & Dietetics GA AM8YY UT WOS:000340166800018 PM 23962488 ER PT J AU Ikeda, R Hedegaard, H Bossarte, R Crosby, AE Hanzlick, R County, F Roesler, J Seider, R Smith, P Warner, M AF Ikeda, Robin Hedegaard, Holly Bossarte, Robert Crosby, Alexander E. Hanzlick, Randy County, Fulton Roesler, Jon Seider, Regina Smith, Patricia Warner, Margaret CA Natl Action Alliance Suicide TI Improving National Data Systems for Surveillance of Suicide-Related Events Data and Surveillance Task Force of the National Action Alliance for Suicide Prevention SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES AB Background: Describing the characteristics and patterns of suicidal behavior is an essential component in developing successful prevention efforts. The Data and Surveillance Task Force (DSTF) of the National Action Alliance for Suicide Prevention was charged with making recommendations for improving national data systems for public health surveillance of suicide-related problems, including suicidal thoughts, suicide attempts, and deaths due to suicide. Purpose: Data from the national systems can be used to draw attention to the magnitude of the problem and are useful for establishing national health priorities. National data can also be used to examine differences in rates across groups (e.g., sex, racial/ethnic, and age groups) and geographic regions, and are useful in identifying patterns in the mechanism of suicide, including those that rarely occur. Methods: Using evaluation criteria from the CDC, WHO, and the U.S.A.-based Safe States Alliance, the DSTF reviewed 28 national data systems for feasibility of use in the surveillance of suicidal behavior, including deaths, nonfatal attempts, and suicidal thoughts. The review criteria included attributes such as the aspects of the suicide-related spectrum (e.g., thoughts, attempts, deaths) covered by the system; how the data are collected (e.g., census, sample, survey, administrative data files, self-report, reporting by care providers); and the strengths and limitations of the survey or data system. Results: The DSTF identified common strengths and challenges among the data systems based on the underlying data source (e.g., death records, healthcare provider records, population-based surveys, health insurance claims). From these findings, the DSTF proposed several recommendations for improving existing data systems, such as using standard language and definitions, adding new variables to existing surveys, expanding the geographic scope of surveys to include areas where data are not currently collected, oversampling of underrepresented groups, and improving the completeness and quality of information on death certificates. Conclusions: Some of the DSTF recommendations are potentially achievable in the short term (< 1-3 years) within existing data systems, whereas others involve more extensive changes and will require longer-term efforts (4-10 years). Implementing these recommendations would assist in the development of a national coordinated program of fatal and nonfatal suicide surveillance to facilitate evidence-based action to reduce the incidence of suicide and suicidal behavior in all populations. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of American Journal of Preventive Medicine C1 [Crosby, Alexander E.; Hanzlick, Randy; County, Fulton] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Roesler, Jon] Minnesota Dept Hlth, Minneapolis, MN 55414 USA. RP Crosby, AE (reprint author), CDC, Div Violence Prevent, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,MS F 63, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM aec1@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; National Institutes of Health Office of Behavioral and Social Sciences; National Institutes of Health Office of Disease Prevention; National Institute of Mental Health-staffed Research Prioritization Task Force of the National Action Alliance for Suicide Prevention FX Publication of this article was supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the National Institutes of Health Office of Behavioral and Social Sciences, and the National Institutes of Health Office of Disease Prevention. This support was provided as part of the National Institute of Mental Health-staffed Research Prioritization Task Force of the National Action Alliance for Suicide Prevention. NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 EI 1873-2607 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 47 IS 3 SU 2 BP S122 EP S129 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2014.05.026 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA CP0ZK UT WOS:000359605400005 ER PT J AU Hites, LS Sass, MM D'Ambrosio, L Brown, LM Wendelboe, AM Peters, KE Sobelson, RK AF Hites, Lisle S. Sass, Marcia M. D'Ambrosio, Luann Brown, Lisa M. Wendelboe, Aaron M. Peters, Karen E. Sobelson, Robyn K. TI The Preparedness and Emergency Response Learning Centers: Advancing Standardized Evaluation of Public Health Preparedness and Response Trainings SO JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH MANAGEMENT AND PRACTICE LA English DT Article DE program evaluation; assessment; training programs; Kirkpatrick's levels of evaluation; adult learners AB Introduction: The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention funded Preparedness and Emergency Response Learning Centers (PERLCs) across the United States. The PERLCs provide training to state, local, and tribal public health organizations to meet workforce development needs in the areas of public health preparedness and response, specialized training, education, and consultation. Methods/Activity: Using Donald Kirkpatrick's training evaluation model, the PERLC network established 4 evaluation working groups that developed evaluation criteria to address each level of the model. The purpose of the working groups was to inform and promote center-level and program-level evaluation across the PERLC network; identify common training evaluation methods and measures; and share materials, resources, and lessons learned with state, local, and tribal public health organizations for potential replication. Results/Outcomes: The evaluation of education and training, irrespective of its modality (eg, in-person, online, webinars, seminars, symposia) can be accomplished using Kirkpatrick's 4-level taxonomy. Discussion: The 4 levels aim to measure the following aspects of training programs: (1) trainees' reaction; (2) knowledge acquired, skills improved, or attitudes changed; (3) behavior changed; and (4) results or impact. To successfully evaluate emergency preparedness training, drills and exercises, it is necessary to understand the fundamental tenets of each level and how to apply each to measure training outcomes. Lessons Learned/Next Steps: The PERLC evaluators have adopted the basic schema of Kirkpatrick's 4-level model and applied its structure to a wide variety of preparedness and emergency response training and related activities. The PERLC evaluation working groups successfully developed and tested survey methods and instruments for each of the 4 levels of Kirkpatrick's training evaluation model. Each can be used for replication by state, local, and tribal public health professionals. C1 [Hites, Lisle S.] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Sch Publ Hlth, Birmingham, AL USA. [Sass, Marcia M.] Rutgers State Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Syst & Policy, Camden, NJ USA. [D'Ambrosio, Luann] Univ Washington, Northwest Ctr Publ Hlth Practice, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Brown, Lisa M.] Univ S Florida, Coll Behav & Community Sci, Tampa, FL USA. [Wendelboe, Aaron M.] Univ Oklahoma, Hlth Sci Ctr, Oklahoma City, OK USA. [Peters, Karen E.] Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL 60680 USA. [Sobelson, Robyn K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Publ Hlth Preparedness & Response, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Hites, LS (reprint author), Univ Alabama Birmingham, 1720 2nd Ave South, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. EM lhites@uab.edu FU Preparedness and Emergency Response Learning Center grant from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, under FOA [CDC-RFA-TP10-1001] FX This work was supported by a Preparedness and Emergency Response Learning Center grant from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, under FOA CDC-RFA-TP10-1001. Its contents are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 11 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 6 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 1078-4659 EI 1550-5022 J9 J PUBLIC HEALTH MAN JI J. Public Health Manag. Pract. PD SEP-OCT PY 2014 VL 20 SU 5 SI SI BP S17 EP S23 DI 10.1097/PHH.0000000000000066 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA V43KO UT WOS:000209680500004 PM 25072484 ER PT J AU Khan, AS AF Khan, Ali S. TI A Resilient Nation-Critical to National and Global Health Security SO JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH MANAGEMENT AND PRACTICE LA English DT Editorial Material AB This commentary explores the challenges of national and global health security and of building community resilience, and the ways that academic-practice partnerships strengthen training and innovation. C1 [Khan, Ali S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Publ Hlth Preparedness & Response, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Khan, AS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Publ Hlth Preparedness & Response, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM ask0@cdc.gov NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 1078-4659 EI 1550-5022 J9 J PUBLIC HEALTH MAN JI J. Public Health Manag. Pract. PD SEP-OCT PY 2014 VL 20 SU 5 SI SI BP S3 EP S6 DI 10.1097/PHH.0000000000000109 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA V43KO UT WOS:000209680500002 PM 25072486 ER PT J AU Richmond, AL Sobelson, RK Cioffi, JP AF Richmond, Alyson L. Sobelson, Robyn K. Cioffi, Joan P. TI Preparedness and Emergency Response Learning Centers: Supporting the Workforce for National Health Security SO JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH MANAGEMENT AND PRACTICE LA English DT Article DE education and training; public health preparedness; workforce development; competencies AB The importance of a competent and prepared national public health workforce, ready to respond to threats to the public's health, has been acknowledged in numerous publications since the 1980s. The Preparedness and Emergency Response Learning Centers (PERLCs) were funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in 2010 to continue to build upon a decade of focused activities in public health workforce preparedness development initiated under the Centers for Public Health Preparedness program ( [GRAPHICS] ). All 14 PERLCs were located within Council on Education for Public Health (CEPH) accredited schools of public health. These centers aimed to improve workforce readiness and competence through the development, delivery, and evaluation of targeted learning programs designed to meet specific requirements of state, local, and tribal partners. The PERLCs supported organizational and community readiness locally, regionally, or nationally through the provision of technical consultation and dissemination of specific, practical tools aligned with national preparedness competency frameworks and public health preparedness capabilities. Public health agencies strive to address growing public needs and a continuous stream of current and emerging public health threats. The PERLC network represented a flexible, scalable, and experienced national learning system linking academia with practice. This system improved national health security by enhancing individual, organizational, and community performance through the application of public health science and learning technologies to frontline practice. C1 [Richmond, Alyson L.; Sobelson, Robyn K.; Cioffi, Joan P.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Publ Hlth Preparedness & Response, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Richmond, AL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Publ Hlth Preparedness & Response, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM arichmond@cdc.gov FU Preparedness and Emergency Response Learning Center grant from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, under FOA [CDC-RFA-TP10-1001] FX The work described was supported by a Preparedness and Emergency Response Learning Center grant from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, under FOA CDC-RFA-TP10-1001. The findings and conclusions in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 32 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 1078-4659 EI 1550-5022 J9 J PUBLIC HEALTH MAN JI J. Public Health Manag. Pract. PD SEP-OCT PY 2014 VL 20 SU 5 SI SI BP S7 EP S16 DI 10.1097/PHH.0000000000000107 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA V43KO UT WOS:000209680500003 PM 25072494 ER PT J AU Li, F Baccini, M Mealli, F Zell, ER Frangakis, CE Rubin, DB AF Li, Fan Baccini, Michela Mealli, Fabrizia Zell, Elizabeth R. Frangakis, Constantine E. Rubin, Donald B. TI Multiple Imputation by Ordered Monotone Blocks With Application to the Anthrax Vaccine Research Program SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL AND GRAPHICAL STATISTICS LA English DT Article DE Bayesian; Conditional distribution; Incompatibility; Missing data; PIGS ID MULTIVARIATE IMPUTATION; CHAINED EQUATIONS; DISTRIBUTIONS AB Multiple imputation (MI) has become a standard statistical technique for dealing with missing values. The CDC Anthrax Vaccine Research Program (AVRP) dataset created new challenges for MI due to the large number of variables of different types and the limited sample size. A common method for imputing missing data in such complex studies is to specify, for each of J variables with missing values, a univariate conditional distribution given all other variables, and then to draw imputations by iterating over the J conditional distributions. Such fully conditional imputation strategies have the theoretical drawback that the conditional distributions may be incompatible. When the missingness pattern is monotone, a theoretically valid approach is to specify, for each variable with missing values, a conditional distribution given the variables with fewer or the same number of missing values and sequentially draw from these distributions. In this article, we propose the "multiple imputation by ordered monotone blocks" approach, which combines these two basic approaches by decomposing any missingness pattern into a collection of smaller "constructed" monotone missingness patterns, and iterating. We apply this strategy to impute the missing data in the AVRP interim data. Supplemental materials, including all source code and a synthetic example dataset, are available online. C1 [Li, Fan] Duke Univ, Dept Stat Sci, Durham, NC 27708 USA. [Baccini, Michela; Mealli, Fabrizia] Univ Florence, Dept Stat Informat & Applicat, I-50121 Florence, Italy. [Zell, Elizabeth R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Div Bacterial Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Frangakis, Constantine E.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Biostat, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Rubin, Donald B.] Harvard Univ, Dept Stat, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Li, F (reprint author), Duke Univ, Dept Stat Sci, Durham, NC 27708 USA. EM fli@stat.duke.edu; mealli@disia.unifi.it; mealli@disia.unifi.it; erzell@mac.com; cfrangak@jhsph.edu; dbrubin@me.com FU CDC; NSF-SES grant [11-31897] FX The initial work on this project was supported by a contract from the CDC to the National Opinion Research Corporation. Li's research was partially funded by NSF-SES grant 11-31897. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of CDC or NSF. The authors thank the AVRP study team, the associate editor, and two anonymous reviewers for constructive comments. NR 42 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER STATISTICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 732 N WASHINGTON ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-1943 USA SN 1061-8600 EI 1537-2715 J9 J COMPUT GRAPH STAT JI J. Comput. Graph. Stat. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 23 IS 3 BP 877 EP 892 DI 10.1080/10618600.2013.826583 PG 16 WC Statistics & Probability SC Mathematics GA AK1VJ UT WOS:000338205400014 ER PT J AU Sebego, M Naumann, RB Rudd, RA Voetsch, K Dellinger, AM Ndlovu, C AF Sebego, Miriam Naumann, Rebecca B. Rudd, Rose A. Voetsch, Karen Dellinger, Ann M. Ndlovu, Christopher TI The impact of alcohol and road traffic policies on crash rates in Botswana, 2004-2011: A time-series analysis SO ACCIDENT ANALYSIS AND PREVENTION LA English DT Article DE Road traffic; Injury; Alcohol; Traffic fines ID SEAT-BELT USE; INTERVENTION ANALYSIS; CONSUMPTION; ACCIDENTS; PENALTIES; INJURIES; OFFENSES; REDUCE; PRICE; TAX AB In Botswana, increased development and motorization have brought increased road traffic-related death rates. Between 1981 and 2001, the road traffic-related death rate in Botswana more than tripled. The country has taken several steps over the last several years to address the growing burden of road traffic crashes and particularly to address the burden of alcohol-related crashes. This study examines the impact of the implementation of alcohol and road safety-related policies on crash rates, including overall crash rates, fatal crash rates, and single-vehicle nighttime fatal (SVNF) crash rates, in Botswana from 2004 to 2011. The overall crash rate declined significantly in June 2009 and June 2010, such that the overall crash rate from June 2010 to December 2011 was 22% lower than the overall crash rate from January 2004 to May 2009. Additionally, there were significant declines in average fatal crash and SVNF crash rates in early 2010. Botswana's recent crash rate reductions occurred during a time when aggressive policies and other activities (e.g., education, enforcement) were implemented to reduce alcohol consumption and improve road safety. While it is unclear which of the policies or activities contributed to these declines and to what extent, these reductions are likely the result of several, combined efforts. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Sebego, Miriam] Univ Botswana, Sch Nursing, Gaborone, Botswana. [Naumann, Rebecca B.; Rudd, Rose A.; Dellinger, Ann M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Naumann, Rebecca B.] Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Voetsch, Karen] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Ndlovu, Christopher] Botswana Police Serv, Gaborone, Botswana. RP Sebego, M (reprint author), Univ Botswana, Sch Nursing, Corner Notwane & Mobuto Rd,Private Bag UB 00712, Gaborone, Botswana. EM sebegom@mopip.ub.bw; RNaumann@unc.edu FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 26 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 3 U2 21 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0001-4575 EI 1879-2057 J9 ACCIDENT ANAL PREV JI Accid. Anal. Prev. PD SEP PY 2014 VL 70 BP 33 EP 39 DI 10.1016/j.aap.2014.02.017 PG 7 WC Ergonomics; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary; Transportation SC Engineering; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences - Other Topics; Transportation GA AJ7CR UT WOS:000337855300005 PM 24686164 ER PT J AU Hosey, GM Samo, M Gregg, EW Padden, D Bibb, SG AF Hosey, Gwendolyn M. Samo, Marcus Gregg, Edward W. Padden, Diane Bibb, Sandra Garmon TI Socioeconomic and demographic predictors of selected cardiovascular risk factors among adults living in Pohnpei, Federated States of Micronesia SO BMC PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Micronesia; Health disparities; Chronic disease; Cardiovascular disease risk factors; Health determinants ID SECONDARY ANALYSIS; COUNTRIES; HEALTH; DISEASE; MORTALITY; OBESITY; ISSUES; INCOME; WORLD AB Background: The burden of cardiovascular disease (CVD) is increasing in low-to-middle income countries (LMIC). Although strong evidence for inverse associations between socioeconomic position and health outcomes in high-income countries exists, less is known about LMIC. Understanding country-level differences is critical to tailoring effective population health policy and interventions. We examined the association of socioeconomic position and demographic characteristics in determining CVD risk factors among adults living in Pohnpei, Federated States of Micronesia. Methods: We used data from the cross-sectional World Health Organization's STEPwise approach to surveillance 2002 Pohnpei dataset and logistic regression analyses to examine the association of socioeconomic position (education, income, employment) and demographics (age, sex) with selected behavioral and anthropometric CVD risk factors. The study sample consisted of 1638 adults (642 men, 996 women; 25-64 years). Results: In general, we found that higher education (>= 13 years) was associated with lower odds for daily tobacco use (odds ratio [OR]: 0.46, confidence interval [CI]: 0.29-0.75, p = 0.004) and low physical activity (OR: 0.55, CI: 0.34-0.87, p = 0.027). Men had over three times the odds of daily tobacco use than women (OR: 3.18, CI: 2.29-4.43, p < 0.001). Among women, paid employment nearly doubled the odds of daily tobacco use (OR: 1.72, CI: 1.08-2.73, p = 0.006) than unemployment. For all participants, income > $ 10,000 was associated with over twice the odds of high blood pressure (BP) (OR: 2.24, CI: 1.43-3.51, p = 0.003), versus lower-income (<$ 5,000). Men had over twice the odds of high BP (OR: 2.01, CI: 1.43-2.83, p < 0.001) than women. Paid employment nearly doubled the odds of central obesity with the magnitude of association increasing by more than 20% adjusted for sex and age. Men reporting paid employment had three times the odds of central obesity (OR: 3.00, CI: 1.56-5.78, p < 0.001) than those unemployed. Conclusion: Our analysis revealed associations between socioeconomic position and selected CVD risk factors, which varied by risk-factor, sex and age characteristics, and direction of association. The 2002 Pohnpei dataset provides country-level baseline information; further population health surveillance might define trends. Stronger country-level data might help decision-makers tailor population-based prevention strategies. C1 [Hosey, Gwendolyn M.; Gregg, Edward W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Diabet Translat, Natl Ctr Chron Dis & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Samo, Marcus] Federated States Micronesia, Dept Hlth & Social Affairs, Palikir 96941, Pohnpei, Micronesia. [Padden, Diane; Bibb, Sandra Garmon] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Grad Sch Nursing, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Hosey, GM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Diabet Translat, Natl Ctr Chron Dis & Hlth Promot, Mailstop K10,2877 Brandywine Rd, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM akapacific@hughes.net FU Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences [TO6125] FX We appreciate the contributions of the following individuals to this research study: Dr. Vita A. Skilling, Kipier Lippwe, and Moses Predrick, Federated States of Micronesia; Dr. Lawrence Barker, Tony Pearson-Clarke, Barbara Park, and Dr. Dawn Satterfield, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Dr. Philayrath Phongsavan, University of Sydney; and Melanie Cowan, Leanne Riley, and Dr. Li Dan, World Health Organization. This study was supported by funding from intermural grant (#TO6125) from the Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences. NR 48 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2458 J9 BMC PUBLIC HEALTH JI BMC Public Health PD AUG 31 PY 2014 VL 14 AR 895 DI 10.1186/1471-2458-14-895 PG 14 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AO3CB UT WOS:000341204700001 PM 25175388 ER PT J AU Zhang, JH Jiang, BF Xu, MJ Dai, X Purdy, MA Meng, JH AF Zhang, Jianhua Jiang, Bingfu Xu, Mingjie Dai, Xing Purdy, Michael A. Meng, Jihong TI Identification of specific antigenic epitope at N-terminal segment of enterovirus 71 (EV-71) VP1 protein and characterization of its use in recombinant form for early diagnosis of EV-71 infection SO VIRUS RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Enterovirus 71; Hand, Foot and mouth disease; Viral capsid protein; Early diagnosis ID MOUTH-DISEASE; CAPSID PROTEIN; FOOT; HAND; OUTBREAK; IGM; ANTIBODIES; MALAYSIA; TAIWAN; ELISA AB Human enterovirus 71 (EV-71) is the main etiologic agent of hand, foot and mouth disease (HFMD). We sought to identify EV-71 specific antigens and develop serologic assays for acute-phase EV-71 infection. A series of truncated proteins within the N-terminal 100 amino acids (aa) of EV-71 VP1 was expressed in Escherichia coli. Western blot (WB) analysis showed that positions around 11-21 aa contain EV-71-specific antigenic sites, whereas positions 1-5 and 51-100 contain epitopes shared with human coxsackievirus A16 (CV-A16) and human echovirus 6 (E-6). The N-terminal truncated protein of VP1, VP1(6-43), exhibited good stability and was recognized by anti-EV-71 specific rabbit sera. Alignment analysis showed that VP1(6-43) is highly conserved among EV-71 strains from different genotypes but was heterologous among other enteroviruses. When the GST-VP1(6-43) fusion protein was incorporated as antibody-capture agent in a WB assay and an ELISA for detecting anti-EV-71 IgM in human sera, sensitivities of 91.7% and 77.8% were achieved, respectively, with 100% specificity for both. The characterized EV-71 VP1 protein truncated to positions 6-43 aa has potential as an antigen for detection of anti-EV-71 IgM for early diagnosis of EV-71 infection in a WB format. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Zhang, Jianhua; Jiang, Bingfu; Xu, Mingjie; Meng, Jihong] Southeast Univ, Sch Med, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Nanjing, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Zhang, Jianhua] Shaoxing Univ, Sch Med, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Shaoxing, Zhejiang, Peoples R China. [Dai, Xing] Southeast Univ, Affiliated Zhongda Hosp, Sch Med, Dept Dermatol, Nanjing, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Purdy, Michael A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Meng, JH (reprint author), Southeast Univ, Sch Med, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Nanjing, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. EM jihongmeng@163.com FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 22 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-1702 EI 1872-7492 J9 VIRUS RES JI Virus Res. PD AUG 30 PY 2014 VL 189 BP 248 EP 253 DI 10.1016/j.virusres.2014.06.003 PG 6 WC Virology SC Virology GA AO7UI UT WOS:000341557700033 PM 24952304 ER PT J AU Li, RX Stewart, B Weintraub, E McNeil, MM AF Li, Rongxia Stewart, Brock Weintraub, Eric McNeil, Michael M. TI Continuous sequential boundaries for vaccine safety surveillance SO STATISTICS IN MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE critical value; adverse events; drug and vaccine surveillance; sequential methods; maximized sequential probability ratio test (MaxSPRT) ID CLINICAL-TRIALS; ADVERSE EVENTS; INFLUENZA VACCINE; DATALINK PROJECT; PENTAVALENT; DESIGNS; TESTS; RISK AB Various recently developed sequential methods have been used to detect signals for post-marketing surveillance in drug and vaccine safety. Among these, the maximized sequential probability ratio test (MaxSPRT) has been used to detect elevated risks of adverse events following vaccination using large healthcare databases. However, a limitation of MaxSPRT is that it only provides a time-invariant flat boundary. In this study, we propose the use of time-varying boundaries for controlling how type I error is distributed throughout the surveillance period. This is especially useful in two scenarios: (i) when we desire generally larger sample sizes before a signal is generated, for example, when early adopters are not representative of the larger population; and (ii) when it is desired for a signal to be generated as early as possible, for example, when the adverse event is considered rare but serious. We consider four specific time-varying boundaries (which we call critical value functions), and we study their statistical power and average time to signal detection. The methodology we present here can be viewed as a generalization or flexible extension of MaxSPRT. Published 2014. This article is a U. S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA. C1 [Li, Rongxia; Stewart, Brock; Weintraub, Eric; McNeil, Michael M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunizat Safety Off, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Li, RX (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, MS D-26,1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM vwo3@cdc.gov NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0277-6715 EI 1097-0258 J9 STAT MED JI Stat. Med. PD AUG 30 PY 2014 VL 33 IS 19 BP 3387 EP 3397 DI 10.1002/sim.6161 PG 11 WC Mathematical & Computational Biology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medical Informatics; Medicine, Research & Experimental; Statistics & Probability SC Mathematical & Computational Biology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medical Informatics; Research & Experimental Medicine; Mathematics GA AL9AE UT WOS:000339430800010 PM 24691986 ER PT J AU Markowitz, LE Dunne, EE Saraiya, M Chesson, HW Curtis, CR Gee, J Bocchini, JA Unger, ER AF Markowitz, Lauri E. Dunne, Eileen E. Saraiya, Mona Chesson, Harrell W. Curtis, C. Robinette Gee, Julianne Bocchini, Joseph A., Jr. Unger, Elizabeth R. TI Human Papillomavirus Vaccination Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) SO MMWR RECOMMENDATIONS AND REPORTS LA English DT Article ID GENITAL HUMAN-PAPILLOMAVIRUS; HPV-16/18 AS04-ADJUVANTED VACCINE; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; NUTRITION EXAMINATION SURVEY; QUADRIVALENT HPV VACCINE; RECURRENT RESPIRATORY PAPILLOMATOSIS; CERVICAL INTRAEPITHELIAL NEOPLASIA; RISK HUMAN-PAPILLOMAVIRUS; MULTICENTRIC CASE-CONTROL; STATES-NATIONAL-HEALTH AB This report summarizes the epidemiology of human papillomavirus (HPV) and associated diseases, describes the licensed HPV vaccines, provides updated data from clinical trials and postlicensure safety studies, and compiles recommendations from CDC's Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) for use of HPV vaccines. Persistent infection with oncogenic HPV types can cause cervical cancer in women as well as other anogenital and oropharyngeal cancers in women and men. HPV also causes genital warts. Two HPV vaccines are licensed in the United States. Both are composed of type-specific HPVL1 protein, the major capsid protein of HPV. Expression of the L1 protein using recombinant DNA technology produces noninfectious virus-like particles (VLPs). Quadrivalent HPV vaccine (HPV4) contains four HPV type-specific VLPs prepared from the L1 proteins of HPV 6, 11, 16, and 18. Bivalent HPV vaccine (HPV2) contains two HPV type-specific VLPs prepared from the L1 proteins of HPV 16 and 18. Both vaccines are administered in a 3-dose series. ACIP recommends routine vaccination with HPV4 or HPV2 for females aged 11 or 12 years and with HPV4 for males aged 11 or 12 years. Vaccination also is recommended for females aged 13 through 26 years and for males aged 13 through 21 years who were not vaccinated previously. Males aged 22 through 26 years may be vaccinated. ACIP recommends vaccination of men who have sex with men and immunocompromised persons (including those with HIV infection) through age 26 years if not previously vaccinated. As a compendium of all current recommendations for use of HPV vaccines, information in this report is intended for use by clinicians, vaccination providers, public health officials, and immunization program personnel as a resource. ACIP recommendations are reviewed periodically and are revised as indicated when new information and data become available. C1 [Markowitz, Lauri E.; Dunne, Eileen E.; Chesson, Harrell W.] CDC, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Div STD Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Saraiya, Mona] CDC, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Curtis, C. Robinette] CDC, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Immunizat Serv Div, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Gee, Julianne] CDC, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Immunizat Safety Off, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Bocchini, Joseph A., Jr.] Louisiana State Univ, Hlth Sci Ctr, Shreveport, LA 71105 USA. [Unger, Elizabeth R.] CDC, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Markowitz, LE (reprint author), CDC, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM lem2@cdc.gov NR 210 TC 186 Z9 187 U1 6 U2 24 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1057-5987 EI 1545-8601 J9 MMWR RECOMM REP JI MMWR Recomm. Rep. PD AUG 29 PY 2014 VL 63 IS 5 BP 1 EP 30 PG 30 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AQ7RP UT WOS:000343017200001 PM 25167164 ER PT J AU Elam-Evans, LD Yankey, D Singleton, JA Kolasa, M AF Elam-Evans, Laurie D. Yankey, David Singleton, James A. Kolasa, Maureen TI National, State, and Selected Local Area Vaccination Coverage Among Children Aged 19-35 Months - United States, 2013 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article ID IMMUNIZATION C1 [Elam-Evans, Laurie D.; Yankey, David; Singleton, James A.; Kolasa, Maureen] CDC, Immunizat Serv Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Elam-Evans, LD (reprint author), CDC, Immunizat Serv Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM lxe1@cdc.gov NR 8 TC 78 Z9 78 U1 0 U2 6 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL & PREVENTION PI ATLANTA PA MAILSTOP E-90, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD AUG 29 PY 2014 VL 63 IS 34 BP 741 EP 748 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AO7LA UT WOS:000341533500001 PM 25166924 ER PT J AU Paczkowski, MM Landman, KL Arguin, PM AF Paczkowski, Magdalena M. Landman, Keren L. Arguin, Paul M. TI Update on Cases of Delayed Hemolysis After Parenteral Artesunate Therapy for Malaria - United States, 2008 and 2013 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article C1 [Paczkowski, Magdalena M.; Landman, Keren L.] CDC, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Paczkowski, Magdalena M.; Landman, Keren L.; Arguin, Paul M.] CDC, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Paczkowski, MM (reprint author), CDC, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM mpaczkowski@cdc.gov NR 10 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL & PREVENTION PI ATLANTA PA MAILSTOP E-90, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD AUG 29 PY 2014 VL 63 IS 34 BP 753 EP 755 PG 3 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AO7LA UT WOS:000341533500003 PM 25166926 ER PT J AU Andre, M Wolff, CG Tangermann, RH Chenoweth, P Tallis, G Kamgang, JB Wassilak, SGF AF Andre, McKenzie Wolff, Chris G. Tangermann, Rudolf H. Chenoweth, Paul Tallis, Graham Kamgang, Jean Baptiste Wassilak, Steven G. F. TI Assessing and Mitigating the Risks for Polio Outbreaks in Polio-Free Countries - Africa, 2013-2014 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article ID ERADICATION; WORLDWIDE; PROGRESS C1 [Andre, McKenzie; Kamgang, Jean Baptiste; Wassilak, Steven G. F.] CDC, Global Immunizat Div, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Andre, M (reprint author), CDC, Global Immunizat Div, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM aandre@cdc.gov NR 10 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL & PREVENTION PI ATLANTA PA MAILSTOP E-90, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD AUG 29 PY 2014 VL 63 IS 34 BP 756 EP 761 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AO7LA UT WOS:000341533500004 PM 25166927 ER PT J AU Killeen, GF Kiware, SS Seyoum, A Gimnig, JE Corliss, GF Stevenson, J Drakeley, CJ Chitnis, N AF Killeen, Gerry F. Kiware, Samson S. Seyoum, Aklilu Gimnig, John E. Corliss, George F. Stevenson, Jennifer Drakeley, Christopher J. Chitnis, Nakul TI Comparative assessment of diverse strategies for malaria vector population control based on measured rates at which mosquitoes utilize targeted resource subsets SO MALARIA JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Plasmodium; Anopheles; Vector control; Mosquito; Malaria; Target product profile ID ANOPHELES-GAMBIAE ATTRACTION; INSECTICIDE-TREATED NETS; TOXIC SUGAR BAITS; WESTERN KENYA; ENTOMOPATHOGENIC FUNGUS; ELECTROCUTING GRIDS; FEEDING-BEHAVIOR; HUMAN EXPOSURE; EAST ZAMBIA; CLAY POTS AB Background: Eliminating malaria requires vector control interventions that dramatically reduce adult mosquito population densities and survival rates. Indoor applications of insecticidal nets and sprays are effective against an important minority of mosquito species that rely heavily upon human blood and habitations for survival. However, complementary approaches are needed to tackle a broader diversity of less human-specialized vectors by killing them at other resource targets. Methods: Impacts of strategies that target insecticides to humans or animals can be rationalized in terms of biological coverage of blood resources, quantified as proportional coverage of all blood resources mosquito vectors utilize. Here, this concept is adapted to enable impact prediction for diverse vector control strategies based on measurements of utilization rates for any definable, targetable resource subset, even if that overall resource is not quantifiable. Results: The usefulness of this approach is illustrated by deriving utilization rate estimates for various blood, resting site, and sugar resource subsets from existing entomological survey data. Reported impacts of insecticidal nets upon human-feeding vectors, and insecticide-treated livestock upon animal-feeding vectors, are approximately consistent with model predictions based on measured utilization rates for those human and animal blood resource subsets. Utilization rates for artificial sugar baits compare well with blood resources, and are consistent with observed impact when insecticide is added. While existing data was used to indirectly measure utilization rates for a variety of resting site subsets, by comparison with measured rates of blood resource utilization in the same settings, current techniques for capturing resting mosquitoes underestimate this quantity, and reliance upon complex models with numerous input parameters may limit the applicability of this approach. Conclusions: While blood and sugar consumption can be readily quantified using existing methods for detecting natural markers or artificial tracers, improved techniques for labelling mosquitoes, or other arthropod pathogen vectors, will be required to assess vector control measures which target them when they utilize non-nutritional resources such as resting, oviposition, and mating sites. C1 [Killeen, Gerry F.; Kiware, Samson S.] Ifakara Hlth Inst, Environm Hlth & Ecol Sci Themat Grp, Morogoro, Tanzania. [Killeen, Gerry F.; Seyoum, Aklilu] Univ Liverpool, Liverpool Sch Trop Med, Vector Biol Dept, Liverpool L3 5QA, Merseyside, England. [Gimnig, John E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Kiware, Samson S.; Corliss, George F.] Marquette Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA. [Stevenson, Jennifer; Drakeley, Christopher J.] Univ London London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, Fac Infect & Trop Dis, Dept Immunol & Infect, London WC1E 7HT, England. [Stevenson, Jennifer] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Johns Hopkins Malaria Res Inst, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Chitnis, Nakul] Swiss Trop & Publ Hlth Inst, Dept Epidemiol & Publ Hlth, Basel, Switzerland. [Chitnis, Nakul] Univ Basel, Basel, Switzerland. [Chitnis, Nakul] NIH, Fogarty Int Ctr, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Killeen, GF (reprint author), Ifakara Hlth Inst, Environm Hlth & Ecol Sci Themat Grp, Morogoro, Tanzania. EM gkilleen@ihi.or.tz RI Smith, Thomas/B-5569-2015; Chitnis, Nakul/B-3105-2013 OI Smith, Thomas/0000-0002-3650-9381; FU Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation [45114, 52644, OPP1032350] FX We thank Dr. K Aultman and Dr. D Malone for discussions that stimulated and influenced the content of this manuscript. We thank Prof T A Smith for guidance on the probablistic basis of exponential decay models, and Dr. T R Burkot for critical comments on the manuscript, as well as providing population size data for Haleta. We are also grateful to three anonymous reviewers, whose comments had a substantive influence on the final interpretation and conclusions. This work was funded by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (Award numbers 45114, 52644 and OPP1032350). NR 93 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 18 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1475-2875 J9 MALARIA J JI Malar. J. PD AUG 28 PY 2014 VL 13 AR 338 DI 10.1186/1475-2875-13-338 PG 15 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA AP0CJ UT WOS:000341728300001 PM 25168421 ER PT J AU Turner, N Pierse, N Bissielo, A Huang, QS Radke, S Baker, MG Widdowson, MA Kelly, H AF Turner, N. Pierse, N. Bissielo, A. Huang, Q. S. Radke, S. Baker, M. G. Widdowson, M. A. Kelly, H. CA SHIVERS Invest Team TI Effectiveness of seasonal trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine in preventing influenza hospitalisations and primary care visits in Auckland, New Zealand, in 2013 SO EUROSURVEILLANCE LA English DT Article ID CHILDREN; ADULTS; ILLNESS; DESIGN; BURDEN AB This study reports the first vaccine effectiveness (VE) estimates for the prevention of general practice visits and hospitalisations for laboratory-confirmed influenza from an urban population in Auckland, New Zealand, in the same influenza season (2013). A case test-negative design was used to estimate propensity-adjusted VE in both hospital and community settings. Patients with a severe acute respiratory infection (SARI) or influenza-like illness (ILI) were defined as requiring hospitalisation (SARI) or attending a general practice (ILI) with a history of fever or measured temperature >= 38 degrees C, cough and onset within the past 10 days. Those who tested positive for influenza virus were cases while those who tested negative were controls. Results were analysed to 7 days post symptom onset and adjusted for the propensity to be vaccinated and the timing during the influenza season. Influenza vaccination provided 52% (95% CI: 32 to 66) protection against laboratory-confirmed influenza hospitalisation and 56% (95% CI: 34 to 70) against presenting to general practice with influenza. VE estimates were similar for all types and subtypes. This study found moderate effectiveness of influenza vaccine against medically attended and hospitalised influenza in New Zealand, a temperate, southern hemisphere country during the 2013 winter season. C1 [Turner, N.; Radke, S.] Univ Auckland, Auckland 1, New Zealand. [Pierse, N.; Baker, M. G.] Univ Otago, Wellington, New Zealand. [Bissielo, A.; Huang, Q. S.; Radke, S.] Inst Environm Sci & Res, Wellington, New Zealand. [Widdowson, M. A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Kelly, H.] Australian Natl Univ, Canberra, ACT, Australia. [Kelly, H.] Victorian Infect Dis Reference Lab, Melbourne, Vic, Australia. RP Turner, N (reprint author), Univ Auckland, Auckland 1, New Zealand. EM n.turner@auckland.ac.nz FU United States Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) [1U01IP000480-01] FX The SHIVERS (Southern Hemisphere Influenza and Vaccine Effectiveness Research and Surveillance) project is funded by the United States Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (1U01IP000480-01). NR 20 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU EUR CENTRE DIS PREVENTION & CONTROL PI STOCKHOLM PA TOMTEBODAVAGEN 11A, STOCKHOLM, 171 83, SWEDEN SN 1560-7917 J9 EUROSURVEILLANCE JI Eurosurveillance PD AUG 28 PY 2014 VL 19 IS 34 BP 29 EP 38 PG 10 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA AO5CZ UT WOS:000341361100004 ER PT J AU Fiebelkorn, AP Seward, JF Orenstein, WA AF Fiebelkorn, Amy Parker Seward, Jane F. Orenstein, Walter A. TI A global perspective of vaccination of healthcare personnel against measles: Systematic review SO VACCINE LA English DT Review DE Measles vaccine policy; Healthcare personnel; MMR vaccine; Measles transmission; Measles; Seroprevalence ID CONGENITAL-RUBELLA SYNDROME; VARICELLA-ZOSTER VIRUSES; SELF-REPORTED HISTORY; MEDICAL-STUDENTS; UNITED-STATES; NOSOCOMIAL TRANSMISSION; HEPATITIS-B; SEROPREVALENCE SURVEY; PROFESSIONAL SCHOOLS; PREVENTABLE DISEASES AB Measles transmission has been well documented in healthcare facilities. Healthcare personnel who are unvaccinated and who lack other evidence of measles immunity put themselves and their patients at risk for measles. We conducted a systematic literature review of measles vaccination policies and their implementation in healthcare personnel, measles seroprevalence among healthcare personnel, measles transmission and disease burden in healthcare settings, and impact/costs incurred by healthcare facilities for healthcare-associated measles transmission. Five database searches yielded 135 relevant articles; 47 additional articles were found through cross-referencing. The risk of acquiring measles is estimated to be 2 to 19 times higher for susceptible healthcare personnel than for the general population. Fifty-three articles published worldwide during 1989-2013 reported measles transmission from patients to healthcare personnel; many of the healthcare personnel were unvaccinated or had unknown vaccination status. Eighteen articles published worldwide during 1982-2013 described examples of transmission from healthcare personnel to patients or to other healthcare personnel. Half of European countries have no measles vaccine policies for healthcare personnel. There is no global policy recommendation for the vaccination of healthcare personnel against measles. Even in countries such as the United States or Finland that have national policies, the recommendations are not uniformly implemented in healthcare facilities. Measles serosusceptibility in healthcare personnel varied widely across studies (median 6.5%, range 0-46%) but was consistently higher among younger healthcare personnel. Deficiencies in documentation of two doses of measles vaccination or other evidence of immunity among healthcare personnel presents challenges in responding to measles exposures in healthcare settings. Evaluating and containing exposures and outbreaks in healthcare settings can be disruptive and costly. Establishing policies for measles vaccination for healthcare personnel is an important strategy towards achieving measles elimination and should be a high priority for global policy setting groups, governments, and hospitals. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Fiebelkorn, Amy Parker; Seward, Jane F.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Orenstein, Walter A.] Emory Univ, Emory Vaccine Ctr, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Fiebelkorn, AP (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM afiebelkorn@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 149 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X EI 1873-2518 J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD AUG 27 PY 2014 VL 32 IS 38 SI SI BP 4823 EP 4839 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2013.11.005 PG 17 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA AO7UW UT WOS:000341559100003 PM 24280280 ER PT J AU Jagannathan, P Kim, CC Greenhouse, B Nankya, F Bowen, K Eccles-James, I Muhindo, MK Arinaitwe, E Tappero, JW Kamya, MR Dorsey, G Feeney, ME AF Jagannathan, Prasanna Kim, Charlie C. Greenhouse, Bryan Nankya, Felistas Bowen, Katherine Eccles-James, Ijeoma Muhindo, Mary K. Arinaitwe, Emmanuel Tappero, Jordan W. Kamya, Moses R. Dorsey, Grant Feeney, Margaret E. TI Loss and dysfunction of V delta 2(+) gamma delta T cells are associated with clinical tolerance to malaria SO SCIENCE TRANSLATIONAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM MALARIA; PERIPHERAL-BLOOD; TIM-3 EXPRESSION; HIV-1 INFECTION; IN-VITRO; IMMUNITY; LYMPHOCYTES; CHILDREN; INDIVIDUALS; EXHAUSTION AB Although clinical immunity to malaria eventually develops among children living in endemic settings, the underlying immunologic mechanisms are not known. The V delta 2(+) subset of gamma delta T cells have intrinsic reactivity to malaria antigens, can mediate killing of Plasmodium falciparum merozoites, and expand markedly in vivo after malaria infection in previously nave hosts, but their role in mediating immunity in children repeatedly exposed to malaria is unclear. We evaluated gamma delta T cell responses to malaria among 4-year-old children enrolled in a longitudinal study in Uganda. We found that repeated malaria was associated with reduced percentages of V delta 2(+) gamma delta T cells in peripheral blood, decreased proliferation and cytokine production in response to malaria antigens, and increased expression of immunoregulatory genes. Further, loss and dysfunction of proinflammatory V delta 2(+) gamma delta T cells were associated with a reduced likelihood of symptoms upon subsequent P. falciparum infection. Together, these results suggest that repeated malaria infection during childhood results in progressive loss and dysfunction of V delta 2(+) gamma delta T cells that may facilitate immunological tolerance of the parasite. C1 [Jagannathan, Prasanna; Kim, Charlie C.; Greenhouse, Bryan; Bowen, Katherine; Eccles-James, Ijeoma; Dorsey, Grant; Feeney, Margaret E.] Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco Gen Hosp, Dept Med, San Francisco, CA 94110 USA. [Nankya, Felistas; Muhindo, Mary K.; Arinaitwe, Emmanuel] Infect Dis Res Collaborat, Kampala, Uganda. [Tappero, Jordan W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Kamya, Moses R.] Makerere Univ, Coll Hlth Sci, Dept Med, Kampala, Uganda. [Feeney, Margaret E.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Pediat, San Francisco, CA 94110 USA. RP Feeney, ME (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco Gen Hosp, Dept Med, San Francisco, CA 94110 USA. EM margaret.feeney@ucsf.edu OI Greenhouse, Bryan/0000-0003-0287-9111 FU NIH/NIAID [R01AI093615, U19AI089674, K23 AI100949]; UCSF Centers for AIDS Research [P30AI027763]; Doris Duke Charitable Foundation; Burroughs Wellcome Fund/American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [U62P024421] FX We are grateful to all the parents and guardians for giving their consent and to the study participants for their cooperation. We thank all the members of the study team for their tireless effort and excellent work. We also thank P. Rosenthal, J. M. McCune, and M. Boyle for technical support and valuable discussions. Funding: Support for this work was provided by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (Cooperative Agreement No. U62P024421), NIH/NIAID R01AI093615 (M.E.F.), UCSF Centers for AIDS Research (Supplement to M.E.F., P30AI027763), NIH/NIAID U19AI089674 (G.D.), NIH/NIAID K23 AI100949 (P.J.), Doris Duke Charitable Foundation (clinical scientist development award to B.G.), and Burroughs Wellcome Fund/American Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene (P.J.). The findings and conclusions in this paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 48 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 1946-6234 EI 1946-6242 J9 SCI TRANSL MED JI Sci. Transl. Med. PD AUG 27 PY 2014 VL 6 IS 251 AR 251ra117 DI 10.1126/scitranslmed.3009793 PG 10 WC Cell Biology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Cell Biology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA AO4JY UT WOS:000341304800002 PM 25163477 ER PT J AU Zhu, QY Kosoy, M Dittmar, K AF Zhu, Qiyun Kosoy, Michael Dittmar, Katharina TI HGTector: an automated method facilitating genome-wide discovery of putative horizontal gene transfers SO BMC GENOMICS LA English DT Article DE Horizontal gene transfer; Bacterial genomes; BLAST ID PATHOGENICITY ISLANDS; PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSES; SEQUENCE ALIGNMENT; BACTERIAL GENOMES; EVOLUTION; TREE; LIFE; IDENTIFICATION; PROKARYOTES; RICKETTSIA AB Background: First pass methods based on BLAST match are commonly used as an initial step to separate the different phylogenetic histories of genes in microbial genomes, and target putative horizontal gene transfer (HGT) events. This will continue to be necessary given the rapid growth of genomic data and the technical difficulties in conducting large-scale explicit phylogenetic analyses. However, these methods often produce misleading results due to their inability to resolve indirect phylogenetic links and their vulnerability to stochastic events. Results: A new computational method of rapid, exhaustive and genome-wide detection of HGT was developed, featuring the systematic analysis of BLAST hit distribution patterns in the context of a priori defined hierarchical evolutionary categories. Genes that fall beyond a series of statistically determined thresholds are identified as not adhering to the typical vertical history of the organisms in question, but instead having a putative horizontal origin. Tests on simulated genomic data suggest that this approach effectively targets atypically distributed genes that are highly likely to be HGT-derived, and exhibits robust performance compared to conventional BLAST-based approaches. This method was further tested on real genomic datasets, including Rickettsia genomes, and was compared to previous studies. Results show consistency with currently employed categories of HGT prediction methods. In-depth analysis of both simulated and real genomic data suggests that the method is notably insensitive to stochastic events such as gene loss, rate variation and database error, which are common challenges to the current methodology. An automated pipeline was created to implement this approach and was made publicly available at: https://github.com/DittmarLab/HGTector. The program is versatile, easily deployed, has a low requirement for computational resources. Conclusions: HGTector is an effective tool for initial or standalone large-scale discovery of candidate HGT-derived genes. C1 [Zhu, Qiyun; Dittmar, Katharina] SUNY Buffalo, Dept Biol Sci, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. [Kosoy, Michael] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. RP Zhu, QY (reprint author), SUNY Buffalo, Dept Biol Sci, 109 Cooke Hall, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. EM qiyunzhu@buffalo.edu; kd52@buffalo.edu FU NSF DEB [1213740] FX This research was funded by NSF DEB 1213740, awarded to KD. NR 80 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 23 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2164 J9 BMC GENOMICS JI BMC Genomics PD AUG 26 PY 2014 VL 15 AR 717 DI 10.1186/1471-2164-15-717 PG 18 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA AO0YZ UT WOS:000341040200002 PM 25159222 ER PT J AU Banerjee, T Crews, DC Wesson, DE Tilea, A Saran, R Burrows, NR Williams, DE Powe, NR AF Banerjee, Tanushree Crews, Deidra C. Wesson, Donald E. Tilea, Anca Saran, Rajiv Burrows, Nilka Rios Williams, Desmond E. Powe, Neil R. CA Ctr Dis Control Prevention Chronic TI Dietary acid load and chronic kidney disease among adults in the United States SO BMC NEPHROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Acidosis; Albuminuria; Chronic kidney disease; NHANES (National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey); Nutrition ID GLOMERULAR-FILTRATION-RATE; NUTRITION EXAMINATION SURVEY; METABOLIC-ACIDOSIS; NATIONAL-HEALTH; PROTEIN-INTAKE; RENAL-DISEASE; AFRICAN-AMERICANS; SERUM CREATININE; ENDOTHELIN; BICARBONATE AB Background: Diet can markedly affect acid-base status and it significantly influences chronic kidney disease (CKD) and its progression. The relationship of dietary acid load (DAL) and CKD has not been assessed on a population level. We examined the association of estimated net acid excretion (NAE(es)) with CKD; and socio-demographic and clinical correlates of NAE(es). Methods: Among 12,293 U.S. adult participants aged > 20 years in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999-2004, we assessed dietary acid by estimating NAE(es) from nutrient intake and body surface area; kidney damage by albuminuria; and kidney dysfunction by eGFR < 60 ml/min/1.73m(2) using the MDRD equation. We tested the association of NAE(es) with participant characteristics using median regression; while for albuminuria, eGFR, and stages of CKD we used logistic regression. Results: Median regression results (beta per quintile) indicated that adults aged 40-60 years (beta [95% CI] = 3.1 [0.3-5.8]), poverty (beta [95% CI] = 7.1 [4.01-10.22]), black race (beta [95% CI] = 13.8 [10.8-16.8]), and male sex (beta [95% CI] = 3.0 [0.7-5.2]) were significantly associated with an increasing level of NAE(es). Higher levels of NAE(es) compared with lower levels were associated with greater odds of albuminuria (OR [95% CI] = 1.57 [1.20-2.05]). We observed a trend toward greater NAE(es) being associated with higher risk of low eGFR, which persisted after adjustment for confounders. Conclusion: Higher NAE(es) is associated with albuminuria and low eGFR, and socio-demographic risk factors for CKD are associated with higher levels of NAE(es). DAL may be an important target for future interventions in populations at high risk for CKD. C1 [Banerjee, Tanushree; Powe, Neil R.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Med, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Crews, Deidra C.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Div Nephrol, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Crews, Deidra C.] Johns Hopkins Med Inst, Welch Ctr Prevent Epidemiol & Clin Res, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Wesson, Donald E.] Scott & White Healthcare, Temple, TX USA. [Tilea, Anca; Saran, Rajiv] Univ Michigan, Kidney Epidemiol & Cost Ctr, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Saran, Rajiv] Univ Michigan, Dept Med, Div Nephrol, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Burrows, Nilka Rios; Williams, Desmond E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Banerjee, Tanushree; Powe, Neil R.] San Francisco Gen Hosp, Dept Med, San Francisco, CA 94110 USA. RP Banerjee, T (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Med, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. EM banerjeet@medsfgh.ucsf.edu FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA [1U58DP003839]; Amos Medical Faculty Development Program of the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation (Princeton NJ); National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health (Bethesda MD) [1K23DK097184] FX This publication was supported by the Cooperative Agreement Number 1U58DP003839 from The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA. Its contents are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.; Dr. Crews was supported by the Amos Medical Faculty Development Program of the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation (Princeton NJ) and grant 1K23DK097184 from the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health (Bethesda MD). NR 49 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 2 U2 4 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2369 J9 BMC NEPHROL JI BMC Nephrol. PD AUG 24 PY 2014 VL 15 AR 137 DI 10.1186/1471-2369-15-137 PG 12 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA AP0BU UT WOS:000341726700001 PM 25151260 ER PT J AU Marchant, T Schellenberg, J Peterson, S Manzi, F Waiswa, P Hanson, C Temu, S Darious, K Sedekia, Y Akuze, J Rowe, AK AF Marchant, Tanya Schellenberg, Joanna Peterson, Stefan Manzi, Fatuma Waiswa, Peter Hanson, Claudia Temu, Silas Darious, Kajjo Sedekia, Yovitha Akuze, Joseph Rowe, Alexander K. CA EQUIP Study Grp TI The use of continuous surveys to generate and continuously report high quality timely maternal and newborn health data at the district level in Tanzania and Uganda SO IMPLEMENTATION SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Continuous survey; Quality improvement; Maternal and newborn health; Tanzania; Uganda ID DECISION-MAKING; CHILD SURVIVAL; SCALE-UP; MANAGEMENT; FRAMEWORK; INTERVENTIONS; STRATEGIES; COUNTRIES; IMPROVE; SYSTEMS AB Background: The lack of high quality timely data for evidence-informed decision making at the district level presents a challenge to improving maternal and newborn survival in low income settings. To address this problem, the EQUIP project (Expanded Quality Management using Information Power) implemented a continuous household and health facility survey for continuous feedback of data in two districts each in Tanzania and Uganda as part of a quality improvement innovation for mothers and newborns. Methods: Within EQUIP, continuous survey data were used for quality improvement (intervention districts) and for effect evaluation (intervention and comparison districts). Over 30 months of intervention (November 2011 to April 2014), EQUIP conducted continuous cross-sectional household and health facility surveys using 24 independent probability samples of household clusters to represent each district each month, and repeat censuses of all government health facilities. Using repeat samples in this way allowed data to be aggregated at six four-monthly intervals to track progress over time for evaluation, and for continuous feedback to quality improvement teams in intervention districts. In both countries, one continuous survey team of eight people was employed to complete approximately 7,200 household and 200 facility interviews in year one. Data were collected using personal digital assistants. After every four months, routine tabulations of indicators were produced and synthesized to report cards for use by the quality improvement teams. Results: The first 12 months were implemented as planned. Completion of household interviews was 96% in Tanzania and 91% in Uganda. Indicators across the continuum of care were tabulated every four months, results discussed by quality improvement teams, and report cards generated to support their work. Conclusions: The EQUIP continuous surveys were feasible to implement as a method to continuously generate and report on demand and supply side indicators for maternal and newborn health; they have potential to be expanded to include other health topics. Documenting the design and implementation of a continuous data collection and feedback mechanism for prospective description, quality improvement, and evaluation in a low-income setting potentially represents a new paradigm that places equal weight on data systems for course correction, as well as evaluation. C1 [Marchant, Tanya; Schellenberg, Joanna; Hanson, Claudia] London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, Dept Dis Control, London WC1, England. [Peterson, Stefan; Waiswa, Peter; Hanson, Claudia] Karolinska Inst, Dept Publ Hlth Sci, Stockholm, Sweden. [Peterson, Stefan; Waiswa, Peter; Darious, Kajjo; Akuze, Joseph] Makerere Univ, Coll Hlth Sci, Kampala, Uganda. [Peterson, Stefan] Uppsala Univ, Dept Womens & Childrens Hlth, Int Maternal & Child Hlth Unit, Uppsala, Sweden. [Manzi, Fatuma; Temu, Silas; Sedekia, Yovitha] Ifakara Hlth Inst, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania. [Rowe, Alexander K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Malaria Branch, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Marchant, T (reprint author), London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, Dept Dis Control, Keppel St, London WC1, England. EM Tanya.Marchant@lshtm.ac.uk OI Tomson, Goran/0000-0001-9222-3604; Manzi, Fatuma/0000-0001-9110-0776 FU European Union [265827] FX European Union (under FP-7 grant agreement no 265827). NR 28 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 4 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1748-5908 J9 IMPLEMENT SCI JI Implement. Sci. PD AUG 23 PY 2014 VL 9 AR 112 DI 10.1186/s13012-014-0112-1 PG 11 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services SC Health Care Sciences & Services GA AO5OH UT WOS:000341393900001 PM 25149316 ER PT J AU Hales, CM Harpaz, R Ortega-Sanchez, I Bialek, SR AF Hales, Craig M. Harpaz, Rafael Ortega-Sanchez, Ismael Bialek, Stephanie R. TI Update on Recommendations for Use of Herpes Zoster Vaccine SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article ID VARICELLA VACCINATION; OLDER-ADULTS; EFFICACY C1 [Hales, Craig M.; Harpaz, Rafael; Ortega-Sanchez, Ismael; Bialek, Stephanie R.] CDC, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Hales, CM (reprint author), CDC, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM chales@cdc.gov NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL & PREVENTION PI ATLANTA PA MAILSTOP E-90, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD AUG 22 PY 2014 VL 63 IS 33 PG 3 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AO7KV UT WOS:000341533000003 ER PT J AU Lind, JN Perrine, CG Li, RW Scanlon, KS Grummer-Strawn, LM AF Lind, Jennifer N. Perrine, Cria G. Li, Ruowei Scanlon, Kelley S. Grummer-Strawn, Laurence M. TI Racial Disparities in Access to Maternity Care Practices That Support Breastfeeding - United States, 2011 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article C1 [Lind, Jennifer N.] CDC, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Lind, Jennifer N.; Perrine, Cria G.; Li, Ruowei; Scanlon, Kelley S.; Grummer-Strawn, Laurence M.] CDC, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Lind, JN (reprint author), CDC, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM jlind@cdc.gov NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL & PREVENTION PI ATLANTA PA MAILSTOP E-90, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD AUG 22 PY 2014 VL 63 IS 33 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AO7KV UT WOS:000341533000002 ER PT J AU Marin, M Willis, ED Marko, A Rasmussen, SA Bialek, SR Dana, A AF Marin, Mona Willis, English D. Marko, Ann Rasmussen, Sonja A. Bialek, Stephanie R. Dana, Adrian TI Closure of Varicella-Zoster Virus-Containing Vaccines Pregnancy Registry - United States, 2013 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article ID EXPOSURE C1 [Marin, Mona; Bialek, Stephanie R.] CDC, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Willis, English D.; Marko, Ann; Dana, Adrian] Merck & Co Inc, Clin Safety & Risk Management, Whitehouse Stn, NJ 08889 USA. [Rasmussen, Sonja A.] CDC, Influenza Coordinat Unit, Off Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Marin, M (reprint author), CDC, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM mmarin@cdc.gov NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL & PREVENTION PI ATLANTA PA MAILSTOP E-90, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD AUG 22 PY 2014 VL 63 IS 33 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AO7KV UT WOS:000341533000004 ER PT J AU Rhea, SK Cox, SW Moore, ZS Mays, ER Benitez, AJ Diaz, MH Winchell, JM AF Rhea, Sarah K. Cox, Stephanie W. Moore, Zack S. Mays, Ellen R. Benitez, Alvaro J. Diaz, Maureen H. Winchell, Jonas M. TI Atypical Pneumonia in Three Members of an Extended Family - South Carolina and North Carolina, July-August 2013 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article ID MYCOPLASMA-PNEUMONIAE; INFECTIONS C1 [Rhea, Sarah K.] CDC, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Rhea, Sarah K.; Moore, Zack S.] North Carolina Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Raleigh, NC 27699 USA. [Benitez, Alvaro J.; Diaz, Maureen H.; Winchell, Jonas M.] CDC, Div Bacterial Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Rhea, SK (reprint author), CDC, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM srhea@cdc.gov NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL & PREVENTION PI ATLANTA PA MAILSTOP E-90, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD AUG 22 PY 2014 VL 63 IS 33 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AO7KV UT WOS:000341533000005 ER PT J AU Trimble, R Atkins, J Quigg, TC Burns, CC Wallace, GS Thomas, M Mangla, AT Infante, AJ AF Trimble, Robert Atkins, Jane Quigg, Troy C. Burns, Cara C. Wallace, Gregory S. Thomas, Mary Mangla, Anil T. Infante, Anthony J. TI Vaccine-Associated Paralytic Poliomyelitis and BCG-osis in an Immigrant Child with Severe Combined Immunodeficiency Syndrome - Texas, 2013 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article ID DEFICIENCY DISORDERS; POLIOVIRUS; INFECTION; MINNESOTA; EXCRETION C1 [Trimble, Robert; Infante, Anthony J.] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, Dept Pediat, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. [Quigg, Troy C.] Methodist Phys, Pediat Blood & Marrow Transplantat, San Antonio, TX USA. [Burns, Cara C.; Wallace, Gregory S.] CDC, Div Viral Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Thomas, Mary; Mangla, Anil T.] San Antonio Metropolitan Hlth Dist, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Infante, AJ (reprint author), Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, Dept Pediat, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. EM infantea@uthscsa.edu NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL & PREVENTION PI ATLANTA PA MAILSTOP E-90, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD AUG 22 PY 2014 VL 63 IS 33 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AO7KV UT WOS:000341533000001 ER PT J AU Liu, YW Beaucham, CC Pearce, TA Zhuang, ZQ AF Liu, Yuewei Beaucham, Catherine C. Pearce, Terri A. Zhuang, Ziqing TI Assessment of Two Portable Real-Time Particle Monitors Used in Nanomaterial Workplace Exposure Evaluations SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID POTENTIAL INHALATION EXPOSURE; ASSESSMENT TECHNIQUE NEAT; DIRECT-READING DUST; ENGINEERED NANOMATERIALS; NANOPARTICLES; FIELD; IDENTIFICATION; AGREEMENT; ULTRAFINE; HEALTH AB Background: Nanoparticle emission assessment technique was developed to semi-quantitatively evaluate nanomaterial exposures and employs a combination of filter based samples and portable real-time particle monitors, including a condensation particle counter (CPC) and an optical particle counter (OPC), to detect nanomaterial releases. This laboratory study evaluated the results from CPC and OPC simultaneously measuring a polydisperse aerosol to assess their variability and accuracy. Methods and Results: Two CPCs and two OPCs were used to evaluate a polydisperse sodium chloride aerosol within an enclosed chamber. The measurement results for number concentration versus time were compared between paired particle monitors of the same type, and to results from the Scanning Mobility Particle Spectrometer (SMPS) which was widely used to measure concentration of size-specific particles. According to analyses by using the Bland-Altman method, the CPCs displayed a constant mean percent difference of 23.8% (95% agreement limits: -9.1 to 1.6%; range of 95% agreement limit: 10.7%) with the chamber particle concentration below its dynamic upper limit (100,000 particles per cubic centimeter). The mean percent difference increased from -3.4% to -12.0% (range of 95% agreement limits: 7.1%) with increasing particle concentrations that were above the dynamic upper limit. The OPC results showed the percent difference within 15% for measurements in particles with size ranges of 300 to 500 and 500 to 1000 regardless of the particle concentration. Compared with SMPS measurements, the CPC gave a mean percent difference of 22.9% (95% agreement limits: 10.5% to 35.2%); whereas the measurements from OPC were not comparable. Conclusions: This study demonstrated that CPC and OPC are useful for measuring nanoparticle exposures but the results from an individual monitor should be interpreted based upon the instrument's technical parameters. Future research should challenge these monitors with particles of different sizes, shapes, or composition, to determine measurement comparability and accuracy across various workplace nanomaterials. C1 [Liu, Yuewei] Hubei Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Inst Hlth Surveillance Anal & Protect, Wuhan, Hubei, Peoples R China. [Liu, Yuewei; Zhuang, Ziqing] NIOSH, Natl Personal Protect Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. [Beaucham, Catherine C.] NIOSH, Div Surveillance Hazard Evaluat & Field Studies, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Pearce, Terri A.] URS Corp, Pittsburgh, PA USA. RP Zhuang, ZQ (reprint author), NIOSH, Natl Personal Protect Technol Lab, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. EM zaz3@cdc.gov FU Nanotechnology Research Center at the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health FX The study was funded by the Nanotechnology Research Center at the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. Co-author Dr. Terri Pearce was a URS Corporation employee when this work was conducted. URS Corporation provided support in the form of salary for author Dr. Terri Pearce, but did not have any additional role in the study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. The specific role of this author is articulated in the 'author contributions' section. NR 24 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 15 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD AUG 22 PY 2014 VL 9 IS 8 AR e105769 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0105769 PG 8 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AO3LL UT WOS:000341230600081 PM 25148239 ER PT J AU Cragan, JD AF Cragan, Janet D. TI Medication use during pregnancy SO BMJ-BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Cragan, JD (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM JCragan@cdc.gov NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 1756-1833 J9 BMJ-BRIT MED J JI BMJ-British Medical Journal PD AUG 22 PY 2014 VL 349 AR g5252 DI 10.1136/bmj.g5252 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA AN8FP UT WOS:000340839100002 PM 25150302 ER PT J AU Jafari, H Deshpande, JM Sutter, RW Bahl, S Verma, H Ahmad, M Kunwar, A Vishwakarma, R Agarwal, A Jain, S Estivariz, C Sethi, R Molodecky, NA Grassly, NC Pallansch, MA Chatterjee, A Aylward, RB AF Jafari, Hamid Deshpande, Jagadish M. Sutter, Roland W. Bahl, Sunil Verma, Harish Ahmad, Mohammad Kunwar, Abhishek Vishwakarma, Rakesh Agarwal, Ashutosh Jain, Shilpi Estivariz, Concepcion Sethi, Raman Molodecky, Natalie A. Grassly, Nicholas C. Pallansch, Mark A. Chatterjee, Arani Aylward, R. Bruce TI Efficacy of inactivated poliovirus vaccine in India SO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID CONTROLLED-TRIAL; PARALYTIC POLIOMYELITIS; INTESTINAL IMMUNITY; MUCOSAL IMMUNITY; IMMUNOGENICITY; STRATEGIES; MONOVALENT; CHILDREN; VIRUS AB Inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV) is efficacious against paralytic disease, but its effect on mucosal immunity is debated. We assessed the efficacy of IPV in boosting mucosal immunity. Participants received IPV, bivalent 1 and 3 oral poliovirus vaccine (bOPV), or no vaccine. A bOPV challenge was administered 4 weeks later, and excretion was assessed 3, 7, and 14 days later. Nine hundred and fifty-four participants completed the study. Any fecal shedding of poliovirus type 1 was 8.8, 9.1, and 13.5% in the IPV group and 14.4, 24.1, and 52.4% in the control group by 6- to 11-month, 5-year, and 10-year groups, respectively (IPV versus control: Fisher's exact test P < 0.001). IPV reduced excretion for poliovirus types 1 and 3 between 38.9 and 74.2% and 52.8 and 75.7%, respectively. Thus, IPV in OPV-vaccinated individuals boosts intestinal mucosal immunity. C1 [Jafari, Hamid; Bahl, Sunil; Ahmad, Mohammad; Kunwar, Abhishek; Vishwakarma, Rakesh; Agarwal, Ashutosh; Sethi, Raman] WHO, India Natl Polio Surveillance Project, New Delhi 110029, India. [Deshpande, Jagadish M.] Enterovirus Res Ctr, Haffkine Inst Compound, Bombay, Maharashtra, India. [Sutter, Roland W.; Verma, Harish; Molodecky, Natalie A.; Aylward, R. Bruce] WHO, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. [Jain, Shilpi; Chatterjee, Arani] Panacea Biotec Ltd, New Delhi, India. [Estivariz, Concepcion; Pallansch, Mark A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Grassly, Nicholas C.] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Dept Infect Dis Epidemiol, London, England. RP Sutter, RW (reprint author), WHO, Ave Appia, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. EM sutterr@who.int OI Grassly, Nicholas/0000-0001-6067-4507; Deshpande, Jagadish/0000-0001-5194-0375 FU Rotary International Polio Plus Program FX Funding was provided by Rotary International Polio Plus Program (through a grant approved by the Polio Research Committee of the World Health Organization). The study was approved by the Drugs Controller General (India), the Indian Council of Medical Research, and the Ethics Review Committees of the WHO. The trial was registered with the Indian Clinical Trials Registry (www.ctri.nic.in) (registration number CTRI/2011/09/002018). We acknowledge the contributions of Uttar Pradesh State Government health staff, social mobilization network of the United Nations Children's Fund and CORE, and the operations team from WHO India-National Polio Surveillance Project who were instrumental in the setup and implementation of the study. We also acknowledge the extensive work performed by the laboratory staff at ERC Mumbai. Finally, we express our sincere thanks to the Government of India Ministry of Health and Family Welfare and the GPEI partners. The data set is available in the supplementary materials. The findings and conclusions of this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or other participating organizations. NR 34 TC 42 Z9 42 U1 0 U2 11 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 EI 1095-9203 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD AUG 22 PY 2014 VL 345 IS 6199 BP 922 EP 925 DI 10.1126/science.1255006 PG 4 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AN3YL UT WOS:000340524700044 PM 25146288 ER PT J AU Bayoh, MN Walker, ED Kosgei, J Ombok, M Olang, GB Githeko, AK Killeen, GF Otieno, P Desai, M Lobo, NF Vulule, JM Hamel, MJ Kariuki, S Gimnig, JE AF Bayoh, M. Nabie Walker, Edward D. Kosgei, Jackline Ombok, Maurice Olang, George B. Githeko, Andrew K. Killeen, Gerry F. Otieno, Peter Desai, Meghna Lobo, Neil F. Vulule, John M. Hamel, Mary J. Kariuki, Simon Gimnig, John E. TI Persistently high estimates of late night, indoor exposure to malaria vectors despite high coverage of insecticide treated nets SO PARASITES & VECTORS LA English DT Article DE An. gambiae; An. funestus; Insecticide treated nets; Behavior ID PYRETHROID IMPREGNATED BEDNETS; WESTERN KENYA; BED NETS; ANOPHELES-FUNESTUS; PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM; CHILD-MORTALITY; BITING BEHAVIOR; TRANSMISSION; MOSQUITOS; EFFICACY AB Background: It has been speculated that widespread and sustained use of insecticide treated bed nets (ITNs) for over 10 years in Asembo, western Kenya, may have selected for changes in the location (indoor versus outdoor) and time (from late night to earlier in the evening) of biting of the predominant species of human malaria vectors (Anopheles funestus, Anopheles gambiae sensu stricto, and Anopheles arabiensis). Methods: Mosquitoes were collected by human landing catches over a six week period in June and July, 2011, indoors and outdoors from 17 h to 07 h, in 75 villages in Asembo, western Kenya. Collections were separated by hour of the night, and mosquitoes were identified to species and tested for sporozoite infection with Plasmodium falciparum. A subset was dissected to determine parity. Human behavior (time going to bed and rising, time spent indoors and outdoors) was quantified by cross-sectional survey. Data from past studies of a similar design and in nearby settings, but conducted before the ITN scale up commenced in the early 2000s, were compared with those from the present study. Results: Of 1,960 Anopheles mosquitoes collected in 2011, 1,267 (64.6%) were morphologically identified as An. funestus, 663 (33.8%) as An. gambiae sensu lato (An. gambiae s.s. and An. arabiensis combined), and 30 (1.5%) as other anophelines. Of the 663 An. gambiae s.l. collected, 385 were successfully tested by PCR among which 235 (61.0%) were identified as An. gambiae s.s. while 150 (39.0%) were identified as An. arabiensis. Compared with data collected before the scale-up of ITNs, daily entomological inoculation rates (EIRs) were consistently lower for An. gambiae s.l. (indoor EIR = 0.432 in 1985-1988, 0.458 in 1989-1990, 0.023 in 2011), and An. arabiensis specifically (indoor EIR = 0.532 in 1989-1990, 0.039 in 2009, 0.006 in 2011) but not An. funestus (indoor EIR = 0.029 in 1985-1988, 0.147 in 1989-1990, 0.010 in 2009 and 0.103 in 2011). Sporozoite rates were lowest in 2009 but rose again in 2011. Compared with data collected before the scale-up of ITNs, An. arabiensis and An. funestus were more likely to bite outdoors and/or early in the evening (p < 0.001 for all comparisons). However, when estimates of human exposure that would occur indoors (pi(i)) or while asleep (pi(s)) in the absence of an ITN were generated based on human behavioral patterns, the changes were modest with >90% of exposure of non-ITN users to mosquito bites occurring while people were indoors in all years. The proportion of bites occurring among non-ITN users while they were asleep was >= 90% for all species except for An. arabiensis. For this species, 97% of bites occurred while people were asleep in 1989-1990 while in 2009 and 2011, 80% and 84% of bites occurred while people were asleep for those not using ITNs. Assuming ITNs prevent a theoretical maximum of 93.7% of bites, it was estimated that 64-77% of bites would have occurred among persons using nets while they were asleep in 19891990, while 20-52% of bites would have occurred among persons using nets while they were asleep in 2009 and 2011. Conclusions: This study found no evidence to support the contention that populations of Anopheles vectors of malaria in Asembo, western Kenya, are exhibiting departures from the well-known pattern of late night, indoor biting characteristic of these typically highly anthropophilic species. While outdoor, early evening transmission likely does occur in western Kenya, the majority of transmission still occurs indoors, late at night. Therefore, malaria control interventions such as ITNs that aim to reduce indoor biting by mosquitoes should continue to be prioritized. C1 [Bayoh, M. Nabie; Kosgei, Jackline; Ombok, Maurice; Olang, George B.; Githeko, Andrew K.; Otieno, Peter; Desai, Meghna; Vulule, John M.; Kariuki, Simon] Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Ctr Global Hlth Res, Kisumu, Kenya. [Walker, Edward D.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Mol Genet & Microbiol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Killeen, Gerry F.] Ifakara Hlth Inst, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania. [Killeen, Gerry F.] Univ Liverpool, Liverpool Sch Trop Med, Vector Biol Dept, Liverpool L3 5QA, Merseyside, England. [Desai, Meghna; Hamel, Mary J.; Gimnig, John E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Lobo, Neil F.] Univ Notre Dame, Dept Biol Sci, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. RP Gimnig, JE (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM hzg1@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; KEMRI; Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation through the Malaria Transmission Consortium [45114]; National Science Foundation Ecology of Infectious Disease grant [FF-072377] FX We thank the mosquito collectors for their efforts in this study. We are also grateful to entomology staff of the Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI), particularly Laban Adero and Walter Nyawade who assisted in the supervision of the collections and Samson Otieno who coordinated sample processing. This study was conducted through an on-going collaboration between the Kenya Medical Research Institute and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The KEMRI entomology staff were supported through a cooperative agreement between the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and KEMRI. This study was funded by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation through the Malaria Transmission Consortium (grant no. 45114) and by a National Science Foundation Ecology of Infectious Disease grant (grant no. FF-072377). This paper is published with the permission of the Director of KEMRI. NR 55 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 13 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1756-3305 J9 PARASITE VECTOR JI Parasites Vectors PD AUG 20 PY 2014 VL 7 AR 380 DI 10.1186/1756-3305-7-380 PG 13 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA AO8MT UT WOS:000341609300001 PM 25141761 ER PT J AU Cantillo-Barraza, O Chaverra, D Marcet, P Arboleda-Sanchez, S Triana-Chavez, O AF Cantillo-Barraza, Omar Chaverra, Duverney Marcet, Paula Arboleda-Sanchez, Sair Triana-Chavez, Omar TI Trypanosoma cruzi transmission in a Colombian Caribbean region suggests that secondary vectors play an important epidemiological role SO PARASITES & VECTORS LA English DT Article DE Colombia; Chagas disease; Non-domiciliated triatomines; Epidemiology ID CHAGAS-DISEASE VECTOR; DOMICILIATED TRIATOMA-DIMIDIATA; RISK-FACTORS; RHODNIUS-PALLESCENS; I GENOTYPES; COSTA-RICA; PALM TREES; REDUVIIDAE; HEMIPTERA; INFESTATION AB Background: Colombia, as part of The Andean Countries Initiative has given priority to triatomine control programs to eliminate primary (domiciliated) vector species such as Rhodnius prolixus and Triatoma dimidiata. However, recent events of Trypanosoma cruzi transmission in localities where R. prolixus and T. dimidiata are not present suggest that other species are involved in the T. cruzi transmission cycle. Methods: We studied T. cruzi transmission on Margarita Island, located on the Magdalena River in the Colombian Caribbean region, where a high number of non-domiciliated triatomines infected with T. cruzi inside human dwellings have been observed. A cross-sectional survey including serological studies in humans and parasitological and molecular methods in vectors and reservoirs was conducted. We investigated risk factors for human infection and house infestation, and evaluated the association between abundance of wild triatomines in palm trees (Attalea butyracea) across municipalities, seasons and anthropogenic land use. Results: The T. cruzi seroprevalence rate in humans was 1.7% (13/743) and autochthonous active T. cruzi transmission was detected. The infection risk was associated with the capture of triatomines in human dwellings. Five wild mammal species were infected with T. cruzi, where Didelphis marsupialis was the main reservoir host with an 86.3% (19/22) infection rate. Tclb was the only genotype present among vectors. Triatomine abundance was significantly higher in Ecosystem 2, as well as in the dry season. Despite the absence of triatomine domiciliation in this area, T. cruzi active transmission was registered with a human seroprevalence rate similar to that reported in areas with domesticated R. prolixus. Conclusions: This study illustrates the importance of secondary and household invading triatomines in Chagas disease epidemiology in the Caribbean lowlands of Colombia. C1 [Cantillo-Barraza, Omar; Chaverra, Duverney; Arboleda-Sanchez, Sair; Triana-Chavez, Omar] Univ Antioquia, Sede Invest Univ, Grp Biol & Control Enfermedades Infecciosas BCEI, Medellin, Colombia. [Marcet, Paula] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Entomol Branch, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Triana-Chavez, O (reprint author), Univ Antioquia, Sede Invest Univ, Grp Biol & Control Enfermedades Infecciosas BCEI, Medellin, Colombia. EM omar.triana@udea.edu.co OI Triana, Omar/0000-0001-8031-0225; Marcet, Paula/0000-0002-0676-3020 FU Estrategia de sostenibilidad CODI-Universidad de Antioquia; Instituto Colombiano para el Desarrollo de la Ciencia y la Tecnologia "Francisco Jose Caldas" [COLCIENCIAS 1115-459-21725] FX This study was financed by the Estrategia de sostenibilidad 2014-2015 CODI-Universidad de Antioquia, and the Instituto Colombiano para el Desarrollo de la Ciencia y la Tecnologia "Francisco Jose Caldas" (COLCIENCIAS 1115-459-21725). NR 54 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 9 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1756-3305 J9 PARASITE VECTOR JI Parasites Vectors PD AUG 20 PY 2014 VL 7 AR 381 DI 10.1186/1756-3305-7-381 PG 10 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA AO8MT UT WOS:000341609300002 PM 25141852 ER PT J AU Appiagyei, AA Kiriinya, RN Gross, JM Wambua, DN Oywer, EO Kamenju, AK Higgins, MK Riley, PL Rogers, MF AF Appiagyei, Ashley A. Kiriinya, Rose N. Gross, Jessica M. Wambua, David N. Oywer, Elizabeth O. Kamenju, Andrew K. Higgins, Melinda K. Riley, Patricia L. Rogers, Martha F. TI Informing the scale-up of Kenya's nursing workforce: a mixed methods study of factors affecting pre-service training capacity and production SO HUMAN RESOURCES FOR HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Nursing workforce; Kenya; Training; Scale-up ID HUMAN-RESOURCES; STUDENT NURSES; HEALTH; IMPACT; RETENTION; MIGRATION; SYSTEMS; ZAMBIA; POLICY AB Background: Given the global nursing shortage and investments to scale-up the workforce, this study evaluated trends in annual student nurse enrolment, pre-service attrition between enrolment and registration, and factors that influence nurse production in Kenya. Methods: This study used a mixed methods approach with data from the Regulatory Human Resources Information System (tracks initial student enrolment through registration) and the Kenya Health Workforce Information System (tracks deployment and demographic information on licensed nurses) for the quantitative analyses and qualitative data from key informant interviews with nurse training institution educators and/or administrators. Trends in annual student nurse enrolment from 1999 to 2010 were analyzed using regulatory and demographic data. To assess pre-service attrition between training enrolment and registration with the nursing council, data for a cohort that enrolled in training from 1999 to 2004 and completed training by 2010 was analyzed. Multivariate logistic regression was used to test for factors that significantly affected attrition. To assess the capacity of nurse training institutions for scale-up, qualitative data was obtained through key informant interviews. Results: From 1999 to 2010, 23,350 students enrolled in nurse training in Kenya. While annual new student enrolment doubled between 1999 (1,493) and 2010 (3,030), training institutions reported challenges in their capacity to accommodate the increased numbers. Key factors identified by the nursing faculty included congestion at clinical placement sites, limited clinical mentorship by qualified nurses, challenges with faculty recruitment and retention, and inadequate student housing, transportation and classroom space. Pre-service attrition among the cohort that enrolled between 1999 and 2004 and completed training by 2010 was found to be low (6%). Conclusion: To scale-up the nursing workforce in Kenya, concurrent investments in expanding the number of student nurse clinical placement sites, utilizing alternate forms of skills training, hiring more faculty and clinical instructors, and expanding the dormitory and classroom space to accommodate new students are needed to ensure that increases in student enrolment are not at the cost of quality nursing education. Student attrition does not appear to be a concern in Kenya compared to other African countries (10 to 40%). C1 [Appiagyei, Ashley A.] Emory Univ, Rwanda Zambia HIV Res Grp, Lusaka, Zambia. [Kiriinya, Rose N.; Gross, Jessica M.; Kamenju, Andrew K.] Emory Univ, Kenya Hlth Workforce Project, Nairobi, Kenya. [Wambua, David N.; Oywer, Elizabeth O.] Nursing Council Kenya, Nairobi, Kenya. [Higgins, Melinda K.; Rogers, Martha F.] Emory Univ, Nell Hodgson Woodruff Sch Nursing, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Riley, Patricia L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global HIV AIDS, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Rogers, MF (reprint author), Emory Univ, Nell Hodgson Woodruff Sch Nursing, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. EM mrogers@taskforce.org RI Higgins, Melinda/B-6459-2013 OI Higgins, Melinda/0000-0001-6579-5885 FU OSELS CDC HHS [1U36OE000002] NR 30 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 12 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1478-4491 J9 HUM RESOUR HEALTH JI Hum. Resour. Health PD AUG 20 PY 2014 VL 12 AR 47 DI 10.1186/1478-4491-12-47 PG 10 WC Health Policy & Services; Industrial Relations & Labor SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Business & Economics GA AO2OG UT WOS:000341163600001 PM 25142037 ER PT J AU Barr, IG Russell, C Besselaar, TG Cox, NJ Daniels, RS Donis, R Engelhardt, OG Grohmann, G Itamura, S Kelso, A McCauley, J Odagiri, T Schultz-Cherry, S Shu, YL Smith, D Tashiro, M Wang, DY Webby, R Xu, XY Ye, ZP Zhang, WQ AF Barr, Ian G. Russell, Colin Besselaar, Terry G. Cox, Nancy J. Daniels, Rod S. Donis, Ruben Engelhardt, Othmar G. Grohmann, Gary Itamura, Shigeyuki Kelso, Anne McCauley, John Odagiri, Takato Schultz-Cherry, Stacey Shu, Yuelong Smith, Derek Tashiro, Masato Wang, Dayan Webby, Richard Xu, Xiyan Ye, Zhiping Zhang, Wenqing CA Writing Comm World Hlth Org Consul TI WHO recommendations for the viruses used in the 2013-2014 Northern Hemisphere influenza vaccine: Epidemiology, antigenic and genetic characteristics of influenza A(H1N1)pdm09, A(H3N2) and B influenza viruses collected from October 2012 to January 2013 SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Influenza; Vaccine; Human; Trivalent; Quadrivalent; Recommendation; Northern Hemisphere 2013-2014 ID SUBSTITUTION AB In February the World Health Organisation (WHO) recommends influenza viruses to be included in influenza vaccines for the forthcoming winter in the Northern Hemisphere. These recommendations are based on data collected by National Influenza Centres (NICs) through the WHO Global Influenza Surveillance and Response System (GISRS) and a more detailed analysis of representative and potential antigenically variant influenza viruses from the WHO Collaborating Centres for Influenza (WHO CCs) and Essential Regulatory Laboratories (ERLs). This article provides a detailed summary of the antigenic and genetic properties of viruses and additional background data used by WHO experts during development of the recommendations of the 2013-2014 Northern Hemisphere influenza vaccine composition. Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/). C1 [Barr, Ian G.; Kelso, Anne] WHO Collaborating Ctr Reference & Res Influenza, Victorian Infect Dis Reference Lab, Melbourne, Vic, Australia. [Russell, Colin] Univ Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1TN, England. [Besselaar, Terry G.; Zhang, Wenqing] WHO Global Influenza Programme GIP, Geneva, Switzerland. [Cox, Nancy J.; Donis, Ruben; Xu, Xiyan] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, WHO Collaborating Ctr Surveillance Epidemiol & Co, Atlanta, GA USA. [Daniels, Rod S.; McCauley, John] Natl Inst Med Res, MRC, WHO Collaborating Ctr Reference & Res Influenza, London NW7 1AA, England. [Grohmann, Gary] Hlth Protect Agcy, Natl Inst Biol Stand & Control, Potters Bar, Herts, England. [Grohmann, Gary] Therapeut Goods Adm, Canberra, ACT, Australia. [Itamura, Shigeyuki; Odagiri, Takato; Tashiro, Masato] Natl Inst Infect Dis, WHO Collaborating Ctr Reference & Res Influenza, Tokyo, Japan. [Schultz-Cherry, Stacey; Webby, Richard] St Jude Childrens Res Hosp, Memphis, TN 38105 USA. [Shu, Yuelong; Wang, Dayan] Chinese Natl Influenza Ctr, WHO Collaborating Ctr Reference & Res Influenza, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Smith, Derek] Univ Cambridge, Ctr Pathogen Evolut, Cambridge CB2 1TN, England. [Smith, Derek] Univ Cambridge, WHOCC Modelling Evolut & Control Emerging Infect, Cambridge CB2 1TN, England. [Smith, Derek] NIH, Fogarty Int Ctr, Bethesda, MD USA. [Ye, Zhiping] US FDA, Ctr Biol Evaluat & Res, Bethesda, MD USA. RP Barr, IG (reprint author), WHO Collaborating Ctr Reference & Res Influenza, Victorian Infect Dis Reference Lab, Melbourne, Vic, Australia. EM Ian.Barr@influenzacentre.org FU Australian Government Department of Health; WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza at the MRC National Institute for Medical Research; Medical Research Programme [U1175512723]; NIH [HHSN266200700010C] FX The writing committee would like to thank all of their colleagues in their institutes, the WHO NICs and other laboratories and organisations for their efforts in supplying, testing and analysing the influenza viruses characterised in the course of generating the data for this report. The Melbourne WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza is supported by the Australian Government Department of Health and the WHO Collaborating Centre for Reference and Research on Influenza at the MRC National Institute for Medical Research, Mill Hill, is supported by Medical Research Programme U1175512723. DS is supported by NIH contract HHSN266200700010C. NR 9 TC 32 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X EI 1873-2518 J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD AUG 20 PY 2014 VL 32 IS 37 BP 4713 EP 4725 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2014.02.014 PG 13 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA AO0DR UT WOS:000340979800004 PM 24582632 ER PT J AU McNeil, MM Cano, M Miller, ER Petersen, BW Engler, RJM Bryant-Genevier, MG AF McNeil, Michael M. Cano, Maria Miller, Elaine R. Petersen, Brett W. Engler, Renata J. M. Bryant-Genevier, Marthe G. TI Ischemic cardiac events and other adverse events following ACAM2000 (R) smallpox vaccine in the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE ACAM2000 (R); Ischemic cardiac events; Myocarditis; Pericarditis; Myo/pericarditis ID ACUTE MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; JANUARY-OCTOBER 2003; UNITED-STATES; MILITARY; PROGRAM; SAFETY; EXPERIENCE AB Background: The Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS) is a passive reporting system, used for monitoring the safety of all US licensed vaccines. In March 2008, ACAM2000 (R) replaced Dryvax (R) as the only licensed smallpox vaccine and is administered to all persons entering military service and certain civilian researchers. In 2011, routine data mining of VAERS identified a vaccine safety concern resulting in acute ischemic cardiac events (ICE) following ACAM2000 (R). Methods: During March 1, 2008 through June 30, 2013, we reviewed all serious reports received following ACAM2000 (R) and classified them by diagnostic category. We identified possible ICE cases by searching the Medical Dictionary for Regulatory Affairs (MedDRA (R)) terms for "myocardial ischaemia," "acute myocardial infarction," "myocardial infarction," and "ischaemia," and applied standardized surveillance case definitions. Results: VAERS received 1149 reports following ACAM2000 (R) administration; 169 (14.7%) were serious (resulting in permanent disability, hospitalization or prolongation of hospitalization, life-threatening illness or death), including one death. The two most frequent diagnostic categories for serious reports were cardiovascular and other infectious conditions. The MedDRA (R) search found 31 reports of possible ICE after receipt of ACAM2000 (R) vaccine. Of a total 30 possible ICE cases with demographic information, all but one was male; the age range was 20-45 years (median 32) and median interval to onset of symptoms was 12 days. On clinical review there were 16 cases of myocarditis/pericarditis and 15 ICE cases. Conclusions: Our review of the data mining signal did not substantiate the concerns about ICE after ACAM2000 (R). Our study also suggests that with current pre-vaccination screening, cardiac morbidity in generally healthy vaccinated populations remains uncommon. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [McNeil, Michael M.; Cano, Maria; Miller, Elaine R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunizat Safety Off, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Petersen, Brett W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Poxvirus & Rabies Branch, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Engler, Renata J. M.] Mil Vaccine Agcy, Vaccine Healthcare Ctr Network, US Army Publ Hlth Command, Walter Reed Natl Mil Med Ctr, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA. [Bryant-Genevier, Marthe G.] US FDA, Off Biostat & Epidemiol, Ctr Biol Evaluat & Res, Rockville, MD 20857 USA. RP McNeil, MM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, MS D-126,1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM mmm2@cdc.gov FU comprehensive VAERS investigations; CDC FX This work was supported by the comprehensive VAERS investigations submitted by the clinical staff of the Department of Defense Vaccine Healthcare Centers Network (Division of the Military Vaccine Agency, U.S. Army Public Health Command) Myocarditis/Pericarditis Clinical Case Management Consortium (including the DoD allergists-immunologists/cardiologists leaders - Dr. Limone C. Collins, Dr. Jay Montgomery, COL John E. Atwood, LTC Brian Hemann and LTC Barnett Gibbs). The authors thank Frank DeStefano, MD MPH, for his critical review of the manuscript. The funding for this study was provided solely by the CDC. NR 35 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X EI 1873-2518 J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD AUG 20 PY 2014 VL 32 IS 37 BP 4758 EP 4765 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2014.06.034 PG 8 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA AO0DR UT WOS:000340979800010 PM 24951868 ER PT J AU Kato, K Wong, LY Chen, AM Dunbar, C Webster, GM Lanphear, BP Calafat, AM AF Kato, Kayoko Wong, Lee-Yang Chen, Aimin Dunbar, Carmen Webster, Glenys M. Lanphear, Bruce P. Calafat, Antonia M. TI Changes in Serum Concentrations of Maternal Poly- and Perfluoroalkyl Substances over the Course of Pregnancy and Predictors of Exposure in a Multiethnic Cohort of Cincinnati, Ohio Pregnant Women during 2003-2006 SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PERFLUOROOCTANE SULFONATE PFOS; PERSISTENT ORGANIC POLLUTANTS; TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY; NATIONAL BIRTH COHORT; CORD BLOOD-SAMPLES; HUMAN BREAST-MILK; PERFLUORINATED COMPOUNDS; PLACENTAL-TRANSFER; TEMPORAL TRENDS; POLYFLUOROALKYL CHEMICALS AB Data on predictors of gestational exposure to poly- and perfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in the United States are limited. To fill in this gap, in a multiethnic cohort of Ohio pregnant women recruited in 2003-2006, we measured perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS), perfluorooctanoate (PFOA), and six additional PFASs in maternal serum at similar to 16 weeks gestation (N = 182) and delivery (N = 78), and in umbilical cord serum (N = 202). We used linear regression to examine associations between maternal serum PFASs concentrations and demographic, perinatal, and lifestyle factors. PFASs concentrations in maternal sera and in their infants' cord sera were highly correlated (Spearman rank correlation coefficients = 0.73-0.95). In 71 maternal-infant dyads, unadjusted geometric mean (GM) concentrations (95% confidence interval) (in mu g/L) in maternal serum at delivery of PFOS [8.50 (7.01-9.58)] and PFOA [3.43 (3.01-3.90)] were significantly lower than at 16 weeks gestation [11.57 (9.90-13.53], 4.91 (4.32-5.59), respectively], but higher than in infants' cord serum [3.32 (2.84-3.89), 2.85 (2.51-3.24), respectively] (P < 0.001). Women who were parous, with a history of previous breastfeeding, black, or in the lowest income category had significantly lower PFOS and PFOA GM concentrations than other women. These data suggest transplacental transfer of PFASs during pregnancy and nursing for the first time in a U.S. birth cohort. C1 [Kato, Kayoko; Wong, Lee-Yang; Dunbar, Carmen; Calafat, Antonia M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Lab Sci, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Chen, Aimin] Cincinnati Childrens Hosp Med Ctr, Cincinnati, OH 45229 USA. [Webster, Glenys M.; Lanphear, Bruce P.] BC Childrens Hosp, Child & Family Res Inst, Vancouver, BC V6H 3V4, Canada. [Webster, Glenys M.; Lanphear, Bruce P.] Simon Fraser Univ, Vancouver, BC V6H 3V4, Canada. RP Calafat, AM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Lab Sci, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM acalafat@cdc.gov FU U.S. Department of Energy; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC); National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [NIEHS P01 ES11261, R01 ES014575, R01 ES020349] FX This research was supported, in part, by an appointment (C.D.) to the Research Participation Program at the National Center for Environmental Health, Division of Laboratory Sciences, administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an interagency agreement between the U.S. Department of Energy and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). We acknowledge T. Jia for technical assistance. The HOME Study was supported by grants from the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS P01 ES11261, R01 ES014575, and R01 ES020349). NR 72 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 2 U2 32 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X EI 1520-5851 J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD AUG 19 PY 2014 VL 48 IS 16 BP 9600 EP 9608 DI 10.1021/es501811k PG 9 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AN6JW UT WOS:000340701800079 PM 25026485 ER PT J AU Emukule, GO Khagayi, S McMorrow, ML Ochola, R Otieno, N Widdowson, MA Ochieng, M Feikin, DR Katz, MA Mott, JA AF Emukule, Gideon O. Khagayi, Sammy McMorrow, Meredith L. Ochola, Rachel Otieno, Nancy Widdowson, Marc-Alain Ochieng, Melvin Feikin, Daniel R. Katz, Mark A. Mott, Joshua A. TI The Burden of Influenza and RSV among Inpatients and Outpatients in Rural Western Kenya, 2009-2012 SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID RESPIRATORY SYNCYTIAL VIRUS; UNITED-STATES; YOUNG-CHILDREN; MORTALITY; ILLNESS; INFECTIONS; HOSPITALIZATION; IMMUNIZATION; METAANALYSIS; SEASONALITY AB Background: In Kenya, detailed data on the age-specific burden of influenza and RSV are essential to inform use of limited vaccination and treatment resources. Methods: We analyzed surveillance data from August 2009 to July 2012 for hospitalized severe acute respiratory illness (SARI) and outpatient influenza-like illness (ILI) at two health facilities in western Kenya to estimate the burden of influenza and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). Incidence rates were estimated by dividing the number of cases with laboratory-confirmed virus infections by the mid-year population. Rates were adjusted for healthcare-seeking behavior, and to account for patients who met the SARI/ILI case definitions but were not tested. Results: The average annual incidence of influenza-associated SARI hospitalization per 1,000 persons was 2.7 (95% CI 1.8-3.9) among children <5 years and 0.3 (95% CI 0.2-0.4) among persons >= 5 years; for RSV-associated SARI hospitalization, it was 5.2 (95% CI 4.0-6.8) among children <5 years and 0.1 (95% CI 0.0-0.2) among persons >= 5 years. The incidence of influenza-associated medically-attended ILI per 1,000 was 24.0 (95% CI 16.6-34.7) among children <5 years and 3.8 (95% CI 2.6-5.7) among persons >= 5 years. The incidence of RSV-associated medically-attended ILI was 24.6 (95% CI 17.0-35.4) among children <5 years and 0.8 (95% CI 0.3-1.9) among persons >= 5 years. Conclusions: Influenza and RSV both exact an important burden in children. This highlights the possible value of influenza vaccines, and future RSV vaccines, for Kenyan children. C1 [Emukule, Gideon O.; Katz, Mark A.; Mott, Joshua A.] Kenya Country Off, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Nairobi, Kenya. [Khagayi, Sammy; Ochola, Rachel; Otieno, Nancy; Ochieng, Melvin] Kenya Med Res Inst KEMRI, Nairobi, Kenya. [Khagayi, Sammy; Ochola, Rachel; Otieno, Nancy; Ochieng, Melvin] Kenya Med Res Inst KEMRI, Kisumu, Kenya. [McMorrow, Meredith L.; Widdowson, Marc-Alain; Mott, Joshua A.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA USA. [Feikin, Daniel R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Preparedness & Emerging Infect, Atlanta, GA USA. [Katz, Mark A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Port Au Prince, Haiti. [McMorrow, Meredith L.; Mott, Joshua A.] US PHS, Rockville, MD USA. RP Emukule, GO (reprint author), Kenya Country Off, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Nairobi, Kenya. EM uyr9@cdc.gov FU Global Disease Detection Division of CDC FX The funding for this project is from Core Funding of the Global Disease Detection Division of CDC. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 37 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 3 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD AUG 18 PY 2014 VL 9 IS 8 AR e105543 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0105543 PG 10 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AO4JF UT WOS:000341302700120 PM 25133576 ER PT J AU Ashengo, TA Grund, J Mhlanga, M Hlophe, T Mirira, M Bock, N Njeuhmeli, E Curran, K Mallas, E Fitzgerald, L Shoshore, R Moyo, K Bicego, G AF Ashengo, Tigistu Adamu Grund, Jonathan Mhlanga, Masitsela Hlophe, Thabo Mirira, Munamato Bock, Naomi Njeuhmeli, Emmanuel Curran, Kelly Mallas, Elizabeth Fitzgerald, Laura Shoshore, Rhoy Moyo, Khumbulani Bicego, George TI Feasibility and validity of telephone triage for adverse events during a voluntary medical male circumcision campaign in Swaziland SO BMC PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article ID RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; HIV PREVENTION; FOLLOW-UP; SAFETY; RISK; METAANALYSIS; ATTENDANCE; INFECTION; UGANDA; RAKAI AB Background: Voluntary medical male circumcision (VMMC) reduces HIV acquisition among heterosexual men by approximately 60%. VMMC is a surgical procedure and some adverse events (AEs) are expected. Swaziland's Ministry of Health established a toll-free hotline to provide general information about VMMC and to manage post-operative clinical AEs through telephone triage. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed a dataset of telephone calls logged by the VMMC hotline during a VMMC campaign. The objectives were to determine reasons clients called the VMMC hotline and to ascertain the accuracy of telephone-based triage for VMMC AEs. We then analyzed VMMC service delivery data that included date of surgery, AE type and severity, as diagnosed by a VMMC clinician as part of routine post-operative follow-up. Both datasets were de-identified and did not contain any personal identifiers. Proportions of AEs were calculated from the call data and from VMMC service delivery data recorded by health facilities. Sensitivity analyses were performed to assess the accuracy of phone-based triage compared to clinically confirmed AEs. Results: A total of 17,059 calls were registered by the triage nurses from April to December 2011. Calls requesting VMMC education and counseling totaled 12,492 (73.2%) and were most common. Triage nurses diagnosed 384 clients with 420 (2.5%) AEs. According to the predefined clinical algorithms, all moderate and severe AEs (153) diagnosed through telephone-triage were referred for clinical management at a health facility. Clinicians at the VMMC sites diagnosed 341 (4.1%) total clients as having a mild (46.0%), moderate (47.8%), or severe (6.2%) AE. Eighty-nine (26%) of the 341 clients who were diagnosed with AEs by clinicians at a VMMC site had initially called the VMMC hotline. The telephone-based triage system had a sensitivity of 69%, a positive predictive value of 83%, and a negative predictive value of 48% for screening moderate or severe AEs of all the AEs. Conclusions: The use of a telephone-based triage system may be an appropriate first step to identify life-threatening and urgent complications following VMMC surgery. C1 [Ashengo, Tigistu Adamu; Curran, Kelly; Fitzgerald, Laura] Johns Hopkins Univ, Maternal & Child Hlth Integrated Program, Washington, DC 20036 USA. [Ashengo, Tigistu Adamu; Curran, Kelly; Fitzgerald, Laura] Johns Hopkins Univ, Jhpiego, Washington, DC USA. [Grund, Jonathan; Bock, Naomi; Bicego, George] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Ctr Global Hlth, Div Global HIV AIDS, Atlanta, GA USA. [Mhlanga, Masitsela; Hlophe, Thabo] Minist Hlth, Lobamba, Mbabane, Swaziland. [Mirira, Munamato] US Agcy Int Dev, Lobamba, Mbabane, Swaziland. [Njeuhmeli, Emmanuel] US Agcy Int Dev, Washington, DC 20523 USA. [Mallas, Elizabeth] Futures Grp Inc, Lobamba, Mbabane, Swaziland. [Shoshore, Rhoy] Family Life Assoc Swaziland, Lobamba, Mbabane, Swaziland. [Moyo, Khumbulani] Populat Serv Int, Lobamba, Mbabane, Swaziland. Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Int Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. RP Ashengo, TA (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Maternal & Child Hlth Integrated Program, Washington, DC 20036 USA. EM tadamu@jhpiego.net FU President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) through the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) [UPS-001-790]; United States Agency for International Development (USAID) [674-A-00-11-00005-00] FX This research has been supported by the President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) through the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) under the terms of the Cooperative Agreement Number UPS-001-790 and the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) under the terms of Cooperative Agreement Number: 674-A-00-11-00005-00. The findings and conclusions in this manuscript are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the funding agencies. NR 29 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2458 J9 BMC PUBLIC HEALTH JI BMC Public Health PD AUG 18 PY 2014 VL 14 AR 858 DI 10.1186/1471-2458-14-858 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AN9WY UT WOS:000340961100003 PM 25134856 ER PT J AU Friedman, AL Oruko, KO Habel, MA Ford, J Kinsey, J Odhiambo, F Phillips-Howard, PA Wang, SA Collins, T Laserson, KF Dunne, EF AF Friedman, Allison L. Oruko, Kelvin O. Habel, Melissa A. Ford, Jessie Kinsey, Jennine Odhiambo, Frank Phillips-Howard, Penelope A. Wang, Susan A. Collins, Tabu Laserson, Kayla F. Dunne, Eileen F. TI Preparing for human papillomavirus vaccine introduction in Kenya: implications from focus-group and interview discussions with caregivers and opinion leaders in Western Kenya SO BMC PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article DE HPV vaccine acceptability; Qualitative research; Communication; Mobilization; Low-or-middle income countries; Kenya ID HPV VACCINATION; QUADRIVALENT VACCINE; ACCEPTABILITY AB Background: Cervical cancer claims the lives of 275,000 women each year; most of these deaths occur in low-or middle-income countries. In Kenya, cervical cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality among women of reproductive age. Kenya's Ministry of Public Health and Sanitation has developed a comprehensive strategy to prevent cervical cancer, which includes plans for vaccinating preteen girls against human papillomavirus (HPV) by 2015. To identify HPV vaccine communication and mobilization needs, this research sought to understand HPV vaccine-related perceptions and concerns of male and female caregivers and community leaders in four rural communities of western Kenya. Methods: We conducted five focus groups with caregivers (n = 56) and 12 key-informant interviews with opinion leaders to explore cervical cancer-related knowledge, attitudes and beliefs, as well as acceptability of HPV vaccination for 9-12 year-old girls. Four researchers independently reviewed the data and developed codes based on questions in interview guides and topics that emerged organically, before comparing and reconciling results through a group consensus process. Results: Cervical cancer was not commonly recognized, though it was understood generally in terms of its symptoms. By association with cancer and genital/reproductive organs, cervical cancer was feared and stigmatized. Overall acceptability of a vaccine that prevents cervical cancer was high, so long as it was endorsed by trusted agencies and communities were sensitized first. Some concerns emerged related to vaccine safety (e.g., impact on fertility), program intent, and health equity. Conclusion: For successful vaccine introduction in Kenya, there is a need for communication and mobilization efforts to raise cervical cancer awareness; prompt demand for vaccination; address health equity concerns and stigma; and minimize potential resistance. Visible endorsement by government leaders and community influencers can provide reassurance of the vaccine's safety, efficacy and benefits for girls and communities. Involvement of community leadership, parents and champions may also be critical for combatting stigma and making cervical cancer relevant to Kenyan communities. These findings underscore the need for adequate planning and resources for information, education and communication prior to vaccine introduction. Specific recommendations for communication and social-marketing strategies are made. C1 [Friedman, Allison L.; Habel, Melissa A.; Kinsey, Jennine; Laserson, Kayla F.; Dunne, Eileen F.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Ford, Jessie] NYU, Dept Sociol, New York, NY 10012 USA. [Oruko, Kelvin O.; Odhiambo, Frank; Laserson, Kayla F.] Kenya Med Res Inst KEMRI, CDC Res & Publ Hlth Collaborat, Kisumu, Kenya. [Oruko, Kelvin O.; Odhiambo, Frank; Laserson, Kayla F.] Kenya Med Res Inst KEMRI, CDC Ctr Global Hlth, Kisumu, Kenya. [Phillips-Howard, Penelope A.] Univ Liverpool, Liverpool Sch Trop Med, Liverpool L3 5QA, Merseyside, England. [Wang, Susan A.] World Hlth Org, Dept Immunizat Vaccines & Biol, CH-1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland. [Collins, Tabu] Kenya Minist Hlth, Nairobi, Kenya. RP Friedman, AL (reprint author), US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, 1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM alf8@cdc.gov OI Phillips-Howard, Penelope A/0000-0003-1018-116X FU World Health Organization FX This research was conducted by staff in the Division of STD Prevention at CDC in collaboration with KEMRI/CDC. It was supported with funding from the World Health Organization, which played a role in the design of the study, as well as in the interpretation of the findings and writing of the manuscript. No funding was provided for the preparation of the manuscript. We wish to thank the many staff who were involved in this project, including our field team, Clarah Akello, Maureen Atieno Ondire and Alex Chweya. We are grateful to the communities and opinion leaders of Karemo for their participation in and support of the Health and Demographic Surveillance System (HDSS) and this study. We also thank numerous field, data and administrative staff, without whom, this study would not have been possible. We thank Caroline Kambona, Behavioral Scientist at KEMRI/CDC; Solomon Omariba, HIV Prevention Public Health Specialist with CDC in the Division for Global HIV and AIDS (DGHA); and the Kenya Ministry of Health, Division of Vaccines, for their support of this project and ongoing collaboration. Finally, we thank Dr. John Vulule and the Director of KEMRI Center for Global Health Research for permission to publish this work. NR 43 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 9 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2458 J9 BMC PUBLIC HEALTH JI BMC Public Health PD AUG 16 PY 2014 VL 14 AR 855 DI 10.1186/1471-2458-14-855 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AO3AX UT WOS:000341201500001 PM 25128911 ER PT J AU Ershova, JV Kurbatova, EV Moonan, PK Cegielski, JP AF Ershova, Julia V. Kurbatova, Ekaterina V. Moonan, Patrick K. Cegielski, J. Peter TI Mortality Among Tuberculosis Patients With Acquired Resistance to Second-line Antituberculosis Drugs-United States, 1993-2008 SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE acquired drug resistance; tuberculosis ID OUTBREAK AB Background. Resistance to second-line antituberculosis drugs (SLDs) severely compromises treatment options of drug-resistant tuberculosis. We assessed the association between acquisition of resistance (AR) to second-line injectable drugs (SLIs) or fluoroquinolones (FQs) and mortality among tuberculosis cases confirmed by positive culture results with available initial and final drug susceptibility test (DST) results. Methods. We analyzed data from the US National Tuberculosis Surveillance System, 1993-2008. Acquired resistance was defined as drug susceptibility at initial DST but resistance to the same drug at final DST. We compared survival with Kaplan-Meier curves and analyzed the association between AR and mortality using a univariate extended Cox proportional hazards model adjusted for age. Results. Of 2329 cases with both initial and final DSTs to SLIs, 49 (2.1%) acquired resistance; 13 of 49 (26.5%) had treatment terminated by death compared with 222 (10.0%) of those without AR to SLIs (P <.001). Of 1187 cases with both initial and final DSTs to FQs, 32 (2.8%) acquired resistance; 12 of 32 (37.5%) had treatment terminated by death compared with 121 (10.9%) of those without AR to FQs (P = .001). Controlling for age, mortality was significantly greater among cases with AR to SLDs than among cases without AR (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR] for SLIs: 2.8; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.4-5.4; aHR for FQ: 1.9; 95% CI, 1.0-3.5). Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis at treatment initiation, positive human immunodeficiency virus status, and extrapulmonary disease were also significantly associated with mortality. Conclusions. Mortality was significantly greater among tuberculosis cases with AR to SLDs. Providers should consider AR to SLDs early in treatment, monitor DST results, and avoid premature deaths. C1 [Ershova, Julia V.; Kurbatova, Ekaterina V.; Moonan, Patrick K.; Cegielski, J. Peter] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Int Res & Programs Branch, Div TB Eliminat, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Ershova, JV (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Int Res & Programs Branch, Div TB Eliminat, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS E-10, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM jhe3@cdc.gov OI Moonan, Patrick/0000-0002-3550-2065 FU CDC FX This work was supported by the CDC. NR 18 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 EI 1537-6591 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD AUG 15 PY 2014 VL 59 IS 4 BP 465 EP 472 DI 10.1093/cid/ciu372 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA AQ6KS UT WOS:000342921400007 PM 24846639 ER PT J AU Wanzira, H Kakuru, A Arinaitwe, E Bigira, V Muhindo, MK Conrad, M Rosenthal, PJ Kamya, MR Tappero, JW Dorsey, G AF Wanzira, Humphrey Kakuru, Abel Arinaitwe, Emmanuel Bigira, Victor Muhindo, Mary K. Conrad, Melissa Rosenthal, Philip J. Kamya, Moses R. Tappero, Jordan W. Dorsey, Grant TI Longitudinal Outcomes in a Cohort of Ugandan Children Randomized to Artemether-Lumefantrine Versus Dihydroartemisinin-Piperaquine for the Treatment of Malaria SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE malaria; artemether-lumefantrine; dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine; Uganda; cohort ID PLUS SULFADOXINE-PYRIMETHAMINE; PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM MALARIA; UNCOMPLICATED MALARIA; TRIAL; AMODIAQUINE; RESISTANCE; EFFICACY AB Background. Artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT) has become the standard of care for the treatment of uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria. Although several ACT regimens are approved, data guiding optimal choices of ACTs are limited. We compared short-and long-term outcomes in a cohort of young Ugandan children randomized to 2 leading ACTs. Methods. Overall, 312 children were randomized to artemether-lumefantrine or dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine (DP) at the time of the first episode of uncomplicated malaria (median age, 10.5 months). The same treatment was given for all subsequent episodes of uncomplicated malaria and children were followed until they reached 5 years of age. The cohort included a subgroup that was human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected (n = 44) or HIV exposed (n = 175) and prescribed trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) prophylaxis. Outcomes included time to recurrent malaria following individual treatments and the overall incidences of treatments for malaria, complicated malaria, and hospitalizations. Results. Among children not prescribed TMP-SMX prophylaxis, 4443 treatments for malaria were given over 790 person-years following randomization. Treatment with DP was associated with a lower hazard of recurrent malaria over the 84 days after treatment (hazard ratio, 0.66; 95% confidence interval [CI],.61-. 70; P < .001). Children randomized to DP had a lower incidence of all treatments for malaria (incidence rate ratio [IRR], 0.85; 95% CI,.75-. 96; P = .01), complicated malaria (IRR, 0.12; 95% CI,.04-. 39; P < .001), and hospitalizations (IRR, 0.31; 95% CI,.13-. 77; P = .01). Among children prescribed TMP-SMX prophylaxis, there were no significant differences in longitudinal outcomes. Conclusions. Compared to artemether-lumefantrine, the use of DP to treat uncomplicated malaria delayed the time to recurrent malaria and reduced the incidences of treatments for malaria, complicated malaria, and hospitalizations. C1 [Wanzira, Humphrey; Kakuru, Abel; Arinaitwe, Emmanuel; Bigira, Victor; Muhindo, Mary K.] Infect Dis Res Collaborat, Kampala, Uganda. [Conrad, Melissa; Rosenthal, Philip J.; Dorsey, Grant] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Med, San Francisco, CA USA. [Kamya, Moses R.] Makerere Univ, Coll Hlth Sci, Dept Med, Kampala, Uganda. [Tappero, Jordan W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Dorsey, G (reprint author), San Francisco Gen Hosp, 1001 Potrero Ave,Bldg 30,Rm 3240, San Francisco, CA 94110 USA. EM gdorsey@medsfgh.ucsf.edu FU US President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief and the Department of Health and Human Services/CDC, National Center for HIV, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, Global AIDS Program [U62P024421]; Doris Duke Charitable Foundation FX This work was supported by the US President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief and the Department of Health and Human Services/CDC, National Center for HIV, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, Global AIDS Program (U62P024421). Funding was also provided by the Doris Duke Charitable Foundation (G. D. is a recipient of the Clinical Scientist Development Award). The Dihydroartemisininpiperaquine study drugs were provided free of charge by Holleypharm, China. NR 18 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 EI 1537-6591 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD AUG 15 PY 2014 VL 59 IS 4 BP 509 EP 516 DI 10.1093/cid/ciu353 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA AQ6KS UT WOS:000342921400013 PM 24825870 ER PT J AU Silk, BJ McCoy, MH Iwamoto, M Griffin, PM AF Silk, Benjamin J. McCoy, Morgan H. Iwamoto, Martha Griffin, Patricia M. TI Foodborne Listeriosis Acquired in Hospitals SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE foodborne; hospital; immunosuppression; listeriosis; outbreak ID SURVEILLANCE NETWORK FOODNET; FIELD GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS; MONOCYTOGENES INFECTION; UNITED-STATES; CLINICAL PRESENTATION; INCUBATION PERIOD; RISK-FACTORS; OUTBREAK; EPIDEMIOLOGY; SANDWICHES AB Listeriosis is characterized by bacteremia or meningitis. We searched for listeriosis case series and outbreak investigations published in English by 2013, and assessed the strength of evidence for foodborne acquisition among patients who ate hospital food. We identified 30 reports from 13 countries. Among the case series, the median proportion of cases considered to be hospital-acquired was 25% (range, 9%-67%). The median number of outbreak-related illnesses considered to be hospital-acquired was 4.0 (range, 2-16). All patients were immunosuppressed in 18 of 24 (75%) reports with available data. Eight outbreak reports with strong evidence for foodborne acquisition in a hospital implicated sandwiches (3 reports), butter, precut celery, Camembert cheese, sausage, and tuna salad (1 report each). Foodborne acquisition of listeriosis among hospitalized patients is well documented internationally. The number of listeriosis cases could be reduced substantially by establishing hospital policies for safe food preparation for immunocompromised patients and by not serving them higher-risk foods. C1 [Silk, Benjamin J.; Iwamoto, Martha; Griffin, Patricia M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Enter Dis Epidemiol Branch, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [McCoy, Morgan H.] Indiana Univ Sch Med, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA. RP Silk, BJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Enter Dis Epidemiol Branch, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS E-10, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM bsilk@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX This work was supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 58 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 3 U2 11 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 EI 1537-6591 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD AUG 15 PY 2014 VL 59 IS 4 BP 532 EP 540 DI 10.1093/cid/ciu365 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA AQ6KS UT WOS:000342921400016 PM 24846635 ER PT J AU Loll, DK Berthe, S Faye, SL Wone, I Arnold, B Koenker, H Schubert, J Lo, Y Thwing, J Faye, O Weber, R AF Loll, Dana K. Berthe, Sara Faye, Sylvain L. Wone, Issa Arnold, Bethany Koenker, Hannah Schubert, Joan Lo, Youssoufa Thwing, Julie Faye, Ousmane Weber, Rachel TI "You need to take care of it like you take care of your soul": perceptions and behaviours related to mosquito net damage, care, and repair in Senegal SO MALARIA JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Malaria; Insecticide-treated net; Long-lasting insecticidal net; Durability; Integrity; Net care; Net repair ID LASTING INSECTICIDAL NETS; PHYSICAL CONDITION; OLYSET(R) NETS; WESTERN KENYA; TREATED NETS; BED-NETS; EFFICACY; BEDNETS; MAINTENANCE; DURABILITY AB Background: Net care and repair behaviours are essential for prolonging the durability of long-lasting insecticidal nets. Increased net durability has implications for protection against malaria as well as cost savings from less frequent net distributions. This study investigated behaviours and motivations for net care and repair behaviours in Senegal with the aim of informing social and behaviour change communication (SBCC) programmes, using the Health Belief Model as a framework. Methods: Data were collected from 114 participants in eight regions of Senegal. Participants were eligible for the study if they were at least 18 years old and if their household owned at least one net. These respondents included 56 in-depth interview respondents and eight focus groups with 58 participants. In addition, the qualitative data were supplemented with observational questionnaire data from a total of 556 sleeping spaces. Of these spaces, 394 had an associated net. Results: Reported net care and repair behaviours and motivations varied substantially within this sample. Children and improper handling were seen as major sources of net damage and respondents often tried to prevent damage by storing nets when not in use. Washing was seen as an additional method of care, but practices for washing varied and may have been damaging to nets in some cases. Participants mentioned a sense of pride of having a net in good condition and the uncertainty around when they could expect another net distribution as motivations for net care. Net repair appeared to be a less common behaviour and was limited by the perspective that net degradation was inevitable and that repairs themselves could weaken nets. Conclusion: These findings can be understood using the Health Belief Model framework of perceived severity, perceived susceptibility, perceived barriers, perceived benefits, self-efficacy, and cues to action. This model can guide SBCC messages surrounding net care and repair to promote practices associated with net longevity. Such messages should promote the benefits of intact nets and provide tools for overcoming barriers to care and repair. C1 [Loll, Dana K.; Berthe, Sara; Arnold, Bethany; Koenker, Hannah; Weber, Rachel] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Ctr Commun Programs, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Faye, Sylvain L.] Univ Cheikh Anta DIOP, Dept Sociol, Dakar, Senegal. [Wone, Issa; Thwing, Julie] Univ Cheikh Anta DIOP, Dept Publ Hlth, Dakar, Senegal. [Schubert, Joan; Lo, Youssoufa] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Ctr Commun Programs, Dakar 4, Senegal. [Thwing, Julie] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Faye, Ousmane] Univ Cheikh Anta Diop, Dept Anim Biol, Dakar, Senegal. RP Loll, DK (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Ctr Commun Programs, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. EM dloll@umich.edu FU NetWorks project; US Agency for International Development under the President's Malaria Initiative [GHS-A-00-09-00014] FX This study was funded under the NetWorks project, made possible by the generous support of the American people through the US Agency for International Development under the President's Malaria Initiative under cooperative agreement GHS-A-00-09-00014. We would like to thank Jane Foster for her assistance in data coding. We would like to thank Lori Leonard for her guidance throughout the research design and data collection as well as Matt Lynch, Marc Boulay, and Marc Zimmerman for their review of the paper and support throughout the process. We would like to thank the members of the Helite research firm data collection team for their dedication to the data collection and to the aims of the study. Most importantly, we are grateful to the participants in Senegal for their investment in time and openness with the research team. NR 31 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 3 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1475-2875 J9 MALARIA J JI Malar. J. PD AUG 15 PY 2014 VL 13 AR 322 DI 10.1186/1475-2875-13-322 PG 12 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA AO0WT UT WOS:000341034200001 PM 25128021 ER PT J AU Kumar, GS Pan, LP Park, S Lee-Kwan, SH Onufrak, S Blanck, HM AF Kumar, Gayathri S. Pan, Liping Park, Sohyun Lee-Kwan, Seung Hee Onufrak, Stephen Blanck, Heidi M. TI Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Consumption Among Adults-18 States, 2012 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article ID LOWER MISSISSIPPI DELTA; UNITED-STATES; US ADULTS C1 [Kumar, Gayathri S.; Lee-Kwan, Seung Hee] CDC, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Off Surveillance Epidemiol & Lab Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Kumar, Gayathri S.; Pan, Liping; Park, Sohyun; Lee-Kwan, Seung Hee; Onufrak, Stephen; Blanck, Heidi M.] CDC, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Kumar, GS (reprint author), CDC, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Off Surveillance Epidemiol & Lab Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM wiz3@cdc.gov NR 10 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 13 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL & PREVENTION PI ATLANTA PA MAILSTOP E-90, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD AUG 15 PY 2014 VL 63 IS 32 BP 686 EP 690 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AO2DO UT WOS:000341125900002 PM 25121711 ER PT J AU Grohskopf, LA Olsen, SJ Sokolow, LZ Bresee, JS Cox, NJ Broder, KR Karron, RA Walter, EB AF Grohskopf, Lisa A. Olsen, Sonja J. Sokolow, Leslie Z. Bresee, Joseph S. Cox, Nancy J. Broder, Karen R. Karron, Ruth A. Walter, Emmanuel B. TI Prevention and Control of Seasonal Influenza with Vaccines: Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) - United States, 2014-15 Influenza Season SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article ID LIVE ATTENUATED VACCINES; EGG-ALLERGIC PATIENTS; YOUNG-CHILDREN; TRIVALENT; EFFICACY; IMMUNOGENICITY; REACTOGENICITY; PERSISTENCE; ANTIBODY; UPDATE C1 [Grohskopf, Lisa A.; Olsen, Sonja J.; Sokolow, Leslie Z.; Bresee, Joseph S.; Cox, Nancy J.] CDC, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Broder, Karen R.] CDC, Immunizat Safety Off, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Karron, Ruth A.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Walter, Emmanuel B.] Duke Univ, Sch Med, Durham, NC 27706 USA. RP Grohskopf, LA (reprint author), CDC, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM lkg6@cdc.gov NR 30 TC 136 Z9 139 U1 1 U2 4 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL & PREVENTION PI ATLANTA PA MAILSTOP E-90, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD AUG 15 PY 2014 VL 63 IS 32 BP 691 EP 697 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AO2DO UT WOS:000341125900003 PM 25121712 ER PT J AU Nyangoma, EN Arriola, CS Hagan, J Socias, C Tomczyk, S Watkins, LF Westercamp, M Kim, C AF Nyangoma, Edith N. Arriola, Carmen Sofia Hagan, Jose Socias, Christina Tomczyk, Sara Watkins, Louise Francois Westercamp, Matthew Kim, Curi TI Hospitalizations for Respiratory Disease Among Unaccompanied Children from Central America - Multiple States, June-July 2014 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article ID INFLUENZA C1 [Nyangoma, Edith N.; Arriola, Carmen Sofia; Hagan, Jose; Socias, Christina; Tomczyk, Sara; Watkins, Louise Francois; Westercamp, Matthew] CDC, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Nyangoma, Edith N.] CDC, Div Global Migrat & Quarantine, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Arriola, Carmen Sofia] CDC, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Socias, Christina] CDC, Div Safety Res, Natl Inst Occupat Safety & Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Tomczyk, Sara; Watkins, Louise Francois; Westercamp, Matthew] CDC, Div Bacterial Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Nyangoma, EN (reprint author), CDC, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM cbrown2@cdc.gov OI Hagan, Jose/0000-0002-1837-6319 NR 5 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL & PREVENTION PI ATLANTA PA MAILSTOP E-90, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD AUG 15 PY 2014 VL 63 IS 32 BP 698 EP 699 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AO2DO UT WOS:000341125900004 PM 25121713 ER PT J AU Andresen, E Bilukha, OO Menkir, Z Gayford, M Kavosa, M Wtsadik, M Maina, G Gose, M Nyagucha, I Shahpar, C AF Andresen, Ellen Bilukha, Oleg O. Menkir, Zeray Gayford, Megan Kavosa, Millicent Wtsadik, Mulugeta Maina, Gidraf Gose, Mesfin Nyagucha, Irene Shahpar, Cyrus TI Malnutrition and Elevated Mortality Among Refugees from South Sudan - Ethiopia, June-July 2014 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article C1 [Andresen, Ellen; Gayford, Megan; Kavosa, Millicent; Wtsadik, Mulugeta; Maina, Gidraf] United Nations High Commissioner Refugees, Geneva, Switzerland. [Bilukha, Oleg O.; Shahpar, Cyrus] CDC, Div Global Hlth Protect, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Menkir, Zeray] Adm Refugee & Returnee Affairs, Dollo Ado, Ethiopia. [Nyagucha, Irene] United Nations Childrens Fund, New York, NY USA. RP Bilukha, OO (reprint author), CDC, Div Global Hlth Protect, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM obb0@cdc.gov NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 7 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL & PREVENTION PI ATLANTA PA MAILSTOP E-90, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD AUG 15 PY 2014 VL 63 IS 32 BP 700 EP 701 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AO2DO UT WOS:000341125900005 PM 25121714 ER PT J AU Miller, JW Plescia, M Ekwueme, DU AF Miller, Jacqueline W. Plescia, Marcus Ekwueme, Donatus U. TI Public Health National Approach to Reducing Breast and Cervical Cancer Disparities SO CANCER LA English DT Article DE disparities; public health; breast cancer; cervical cancer; screening ID EARLY-DETECTION PROGRAM; SCREENING MAMMOGRAPHY; FOLLOW-UP; TIMELINESS; INITIATION; DIAGNOSIS AB Breast and cervical cancer have had disparate impact on the lives of women. The burden of breast and cervical cancer is more prominent among some racial and ethnic minority women. Providing comprehensive care to all medically underserved women is a critical element in continuing the battle to reduce cancer burden and eliminate disparities. The National Breast and Cervical Cancer Early Detection Program is the only nationally organized cancer screening program for underserved women in the United States. Its public health goal is to ensure access to high-quality screening, follow-up, and treatment services for diverse and vulnerable populations that, in turn, may reduce disparities. Published 2014. This article is a U. S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA. C1 [Miller, Jacqueline W.; Plescia, Marcus; Ekwueme, Donatus U.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Miller, JW (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, 4770 Buford Highway NE,Mailstop F-76, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM jmiller5@cdc.gov FU US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), an Agency of the Department of Health and Human Services [200-2012-M-52408 00002] FX This Supplement edition of Cancer has been sponsored by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), an Agency of the Department of Health and Human Services, under the Contract #200-2012-M-52408 00002. NR 21 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 5 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0008-543X EI 1097-0142 J9 CANCER-AM CANCER SOC JI Cancer PD AUG 15 PY 2014 VL 120 IS 16 SU S BP 2537 EP 2539 DI 10.1002/cncr.28818 PG 3 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA AN3DW UT WOS:000340466300001 PM 25099895 ER PT J AU Lee, NC Wong, FL Jamison, PM Jones, SF Galaska, L Brady, KT Wethers, B Stokes-Townsend, GA AF Lee, Nancy C. Wong, Faye L. Jamison, Patricia M. Jones, Sandra F. Galaska, Louise Brady, Kevin T. Wethers, Barbara Stokes-Townsend, George-Ann TI Implementation of the National Breast and Cervical Cancer Early Detection Program SO CANCER LA English DT Article DE cancer prevention; cancer screening program; National Breast and Cervical Cancer Early Detection Program; breast cancer; cervical cancer; screening ID FORCE RECOMMENDATION STATEMENT; MEDICALLY UNDERSERVED WOMEN; SCREENING-PROGRAM; SERVICES; TIMELINESS; PREVENTION; INITIATION; DIAGNOSIS AB In 1990, Congress passed the Breast and Cervical Cancer Mortality Prevention Act because of increases in the number of low-income and uninsured women being diagnosed with breast cancer. This act authorized the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) to establish the National Breast and Cervical Cancer Early Detection Program (NBCCEDP) to provide high-quality and timely breast and cervical cancer screening and diagnostic services to low-income, uninsured women. The program started in 1991, and, in 1993, Congress amended the act to allow the CDC to fund American Indian and Alaska Native tribes and tribal organizations. By 1996, the program was providing cancer screening across the United States. To ensure appropriate delivery and monitoring of services, the program adopted detailed policies on program management, evidence-based guidelines for clinical services, a systematized clinical data system to track service quality, and key partnerships that expand the program's reach. The NBCCEDP currently funds 67 programs, including all 50 states, the District of Columbia, 5 US territories, and 11 tribes or tribal organizations. Published 2014. This article is a U. S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA. C1 [Lee, Nancy C.] US Dept HHS, Off Womens Hlth, Off Assistant Secretary Hlth, Washington, DC USA. [Wong, Faye L.; Jones, Sandra F.; Wethers, Barbara; Stokes-Townsend, George-Ann] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Jamison, Patricia M.] NCI, Surveillance Epidemiol & End Results Program, NIH, Rockville, MD USA. [Brady, Kevin T.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global HIV AIDS, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Wong, FL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, 4770 Buford Highway NE,Mailstop F76, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM fwong@cdc.gov FU US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), an Agency of the Department of Health and Human Services [200-2012-M-52408 00002] FX This Supplement edition of Cancer has been sponsored by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), an Agency of the Department of Health and Human Services, under the Contract #200-2012-M-52408 00002. NR 32 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 7 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0008-543X EI 1097-0142 J9 CANCER-AM CANCER SOC JI Cancer PD AUG 15 PY 2014 VL 120 IS 16 SU S BP 2540 EP 2548 DI 10.1002/cncr.28820 PG 9 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA AN3DW UT WOS:000340466300002 PM 25099896 ER PT J AU Miller, JW Hanson, V Johnson, GD Royalty, JE Richardson, LC AF Miller, Jacqueline W. Hanson, Vivien Johnson, Gale D. Royalty, Janet E. Richardson, Lisa C. TI From Cancer Screening to Treatment: Service Delivery and Referral in the National Breast and Cervical Cancer Early Detection Program SO CANCER LA English DT Article DE screening; breast cancer; cervical cancer; early detection; case management ID LOW-INCOME-WOMEN; UNITED-STATES; HUMAN-PAPILLOMAVIRUS; PRODUCTIVITY COSTS; PROVIDING-COVERAGE; UNDERSERVED WOMEN; TASK-FORCE; LIFE LOST; MORTALITY; MAMMOGRAPHY AB The National Breast and Cervical Cancer Early Detection Program (NBCCEDP) provides breast and cervical cancer screening and diagnostic services to low-income and underserved women through a network of providers and health care organizations. Although the program serves women 40-64 years old for breast cancer screening and 21-64 years old for cervical cancer screening, the priority populations are women 50-64 years old for breast cancer and women who have never or rarely been screened for cervical cancer. From 1991 through 2011, the NBCCEDP provided screening and diagnostic services to more than 4.3 million women, diagnosing 54,276 breast cancers, 2554 cervical cancers, and 123,563 precancerous cervical lesions. A critical component of providing screening services is to ensure that all women with abnormal screening results receive appropriate and timely diagnostic evaluations. Case management is provided to assist women with overcoming barriers that would delay or prevent follow-up care. Women diagnosed with cancer receive treatment through the states' Breast and Cervical Cancer Treatment Programs (a special waiver for Medicaid) if they are eligible. The NBCCEDP has performance measures that serve as benchmarks to monitor the completeness and timeliness of care. More than 90% of the women receive complete diagnostic care and initiate treatment less than 30 days from the time of their diagnosis. Provision of effective screening and diagnostic services depends on effective program management, networks of providers throughout the community, and the use of evidence-based knowledge, procedures, and technologies. (C) 2014 American Cancer Society. C1 [Miller, Jacqueline W.; Royalty, Janet E.; Richardson, Lisa C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Hanson, Vivien] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Breast & Cerv Canc Early Detect Advisory Comm, Seattle, WA USA. [Johnson, Gale D.] Wisconsin Dept Hlth Serv, Wisconsin Well Woman Program, Div Publ Hlth, Madison, WI USA. RP Miller, JW (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,Mailstop F-76, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM JMiller5@cdc.gov FU U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), an Agency of the Department of Health and Human Services [200-2012-M-52408 00002] FX This Supplement edition of Cancer has been sponsored by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), an Agency of the Department of Health and Human Services, under the Contract #200-2012-M-52408 00002. NR 50 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 4 U2 12 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0008-543X EI 1097-0142 J9 CANCER-AM CANCER SOC JI Cancer PD AUG 15 PY 2014 VL 120 IS 16 SU S BP 2549 EP 2556 DI 10.1002/cncr.28823 PG 8 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA AN3DW UT WOS:000340466300003 PM 25099897 ER PT J AU Espey, D Castro, G Flagg, T Landis, K Henderson, JA Benard, VB Royalty, JE AF Espey, David Castro, Georgina Flagg, T'Ronda Landis, Kate Henderson, Jeffrey A. Benard, Vicki B. Royalty, Janet E. TI Strengthening Breast and Cervical Cancer Control Through Partnerships: American Indian and Alaska Native Women and the National Breast and Cervical Cancer Early Detection Program SO CANCER LA English DT Article DE American Indians; Alaska Natives; early detection of cancer; breast cancer; cervical cancer; partnerships ID UNITED-STATES; UNDERSERVED WOMEN; SCREENING NEEDS; HEALTH; SURVEILLANCE; POPULATIONS; MAMMOGRAPHY; MEDICINE; SERVICES; CANADA AB The National Breast and Cervical Cancer Early Detection Program (NBCCEDP) has played a critical role in providing cancer screening services to American Indian and Alaska Native (AI/ANs) women and strengthening tribal screening capacity. Since 1991, the NBCCEDP has funded states, tribal nations, and tribal organizations to develop and implement organized screening programs. The ultimate goal is to deliver breast and cervical cancer screening to women who do not have health insurance and cannot afford to pay for these services. The delivery of clinical services is supported through complementary program efforts such as professional development, public education and outreach, and patient navigation. This article seeks to describe the growth of NBCCEDP's tribal commitment and the unique history and aspects of serving the AI/AN population. The article describes: 1) how this program has demonstrated success in improving screening of AI/AN women; 2) innovative partnerships with the Indian Health Service, state programs, and other organizations that have improved tribal public health infrastructure; and 3) the evolution of Centers for Disease Control and Prevention work with tribal communities. (C) 2014 American Cancer Society. C1 [Espey, David; Castro, Georgina; Flagg, T'Ronda; Benard, Vicki B.; Royalty, Janet E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. [Landis, Kate] Southcent Fdn, Anchorage, AK USA. [Henderson, Jeffrey A.] Black Hills Ctr Amer Indian Hlth, Rapid City, SD USA. RP Espey, D (reprint author), 4770 Buford Hwy NE,Mailstop F-76, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM dke0@cdc.gov FU U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), an Agency of the Department of Health and Human Services [200-2012-M-52408 00002] FX This Supplement edition of Cancer has been sponsored by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), an Agency of the Department of Health and Human Services, under the Contract #200-2012-M-52408 00002. NR 39 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 11 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0008-543X EI 1097-0142 J9 CANCER-AM CANCER SOC JI Cancer PD AUG 15 PY 2014 VL 120 IS 16 SU S BP 2557 EP 2565 DI 10.1002/cncr.28824 PG 9 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA AN3DW UT WOS:000340466300004 PM 25099898 ER PT J AU DeGroff, A Royalty, JE Howe, W Buckman, DW Gardner, J Poister, T Hayes, N AF DeGroff, Amy Royalty, Janet E. Howe, Will Buckman, Dennis W. Gardner, James Poister, Theodore Hayes, Nikki TI When Performance Management Works: A Study of the National Breast and Cervical Cancer Early Detection Program SO CANCER LA English DT Article DE program evaluation; public health; government programs; early detection of cancer AB BACKGROUND: Little empirical evidence exists about the effectiveness of performance management systems in government. This study assessed the effectiveness of the performance management system of the National Breast and Cervical Cancer Early Detection Program (NBCCEDP) and explored why it works. METHODS: Generalized estimating equation models were used to assess change in program performance after the implementation of a performance management system. In addition, qualitative case study data including observations, interviews, and document review were analyzed using inductive methods. RESULTS: Five of the 7 indicators tested had statistically significant increases in performance postimplementation. Case study results suggest that the system is characterized by high-quality data, measures viewed by grantees as meaningful and fair, and institutionalized data use. CONCLUSIONS: Several factors help to explain the system's effectiveness including characteristics of the NBCCEDP program (eg, service delivery program), qualities of the indicators (eg, process level), financial investment in the system, and a culture of data use. (C) 2014 American Cancer Society. C1 [DeGroff, Amy; Royalty, Janet E.; Gardner, James; Hayes, Nikki] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. [Howe, Will; Buckman, Dennis W.] Informat Management Serv Inc, Rockville, MD USA. [Poister, Theodore] Georgia State Univ, Dept Publ Management & Policy, Andrew Young Sch Policy Studies, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. RP DeGroff, A (reprint author), CDC, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,MS F-76, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM asd1@cdc.gov FU U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), an Agency of the Department of Health and Human Services [200-2012-M-52408 00002]; National Institutes of Health [7650432, 234567] FX This Supplement edition of Cancer has been sponsored by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), an Agency of the Department of Health and Human Services, under the Contract #200-2012-M-52408 00002. This study was supported by grants from the National Institutes of Health (234567 and 7650432). NR 27 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 12 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0008-543X EI 1097-0142 J9 CANCER-AM CANCER SOC JI Cancer PD AUG 15 PY 2014 VL 120 IS 16 SU S BP 2566 EP 2574 DI 10.1002/cncr.28817 PG 9 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA AN3DW UT WOS:000340466300005 PM 25099899 ER PT J AU Yancy, B Royalty, JE Marroulis, S Mattingly, C Benard, VB DeGroff, A AF Yancy, Brandie Royalty, Janet E. Marroulis, Steve Mattingly, Cindy Benard, Vicki B. DeGroff, Amy TI Using Data to Effectively Manage a National Screening Program SO CANCER LA English DT Article DE screening; data management; public health; quality measures; program evaluation ID CERVICAL-CANCER PREVENTION; CYTOLOGICAL ABNORMALITIES; MEDICAID EXPANSION; TREATMENT ACT; BREAST; WOMEN AB The National Breast and Cervical Cancer Early Detection Program (NBCCEDP) of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) is implemented through cooperative agreements with state health departments, US territories, and tribal health organizations (grantees). Grantees typically contract with clinicians and other providers to deliver breast and cervical cancer screening and diagnostic services. As required by the CDC, grantees report biannually a subset of patient and clinical level program data known as the Minimum Data Elements. Rigorous processes are in place to ensure the completeness and quality of program data collection. In this article, the authors describe the NBCCEDP data-collection processes and data management system and discusses how data are used for 1) program monitoring and improvement, 2) evaluation and research, and 3) policy development and analysis. They also provide 2 examples of how grantees use data to improve their performance. (C) 2014 American Cancer Society. C1 [Yancy, Brandie; Royalty, Janet E.; Benard, Vicki B.; DeGroff, Amy] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. [Marroulis, Steve; Mattingly, Cindy] Informat Management Serv Inc, Rockville, MD USA. RP DeGroff, A (reprint author), 4770 Buford Highway NE MS F-76, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM adegroff@cdc.gov FU US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), an Agency of the Department of Health and Human Services [200-2012-M-52408 00002] FX This Supplement edition of Cancer has been sponsored by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), an Agency of the Department of Health and Human Services, under the Contract #200-2012-M-52408 00002. NR 15 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 5 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0008-543X EI 1097-0142 J9 CANCER-AM CANCER SOC JI Cancer PD AUG 15 PY 2014 VL 120 IS 16 SU S BP 2575 EP 2583 DI 10.1002/cncr.28821 PG 9 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA AN3DW UT WOS:000340466300006 PM 25099900 ER PT J AU Siegl, EJ Miller, JW Khan, K Harris, SE AF Siegl, Elvira J. Miller, Jacqueline W. Khan, Kris Harris, Susan E. TI Quality Assurance Through Quality Improvement and Professional Development in the National Breast and Cervical Cancer Early Detection Program SO CANCER LA English DT Article DE quality assurance; quality improvement; cancer screening; program performance; professional development ID HEALTH-CARE PROVIDERS; INCREASE RECOMMENDATION; COLORECTAL CANCERS; GUIDELINES; DELIVERY AB Quality assurance (QA) is the process of providing evidence that the outcome meets the established standards. Quality improvement (QI), by contrast, is the act of methodically developing ways to meet acceptable quality standards and evaluating current processes to improve overall performance. In the case of the National Breast and Cervical Cancer Early Detection Program (NBCCEDP), the desired outcome is the delivery of quality health care services to program clients. The NBCCEDP provides professional development to ensure that participating providers have current knowledge of evidence-based clinical standards regarding breast and cervical cancer screening and diagnosis and are monitoring women with abnormal screening results for timely follow-up. To assess the quality of clinical care provided to NBCCEDP clients, performance data are collected by NBCCEDP grantees and compared against predetermined Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) benchmarks known as Data Quality Indicator Guides. In this article, the authors describe 1) the development and use of indicators for QI in the NBCCEDP and 2) the professional development activities implemented to improve clinical outcomes. QA identifies problems, whereas QI systematically corrects them. The quality of service delivery and improved patient outcomes among NBCCEDP grantees has enhanced significantly because of continuous monitoring of performance and professional development. By using QA, NBCCEDP grantees can maximize the quality of patient screening, diagnostic services, and follow-up. Examples of grantee activities to maintain quality of care are also described in this report. (C) 2014 American Cancer Society. C1 [Siegl, Elvira J.] Michigan Breast & Cerv Canc Control Program, Lansing, MI USA. [Miller, Jacqueline W.; Khan, Kris] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA USA. [Harris, Susan E.] Michigan Breast & Cerv Canc Control Program, Michigan Publ Hlth Inst, Okemos, MI USA. RP Siegl, EJ (reprint author), Washington Sq Bldg Canc Prevent & Control Sect, Breast & Cerv Canc Control Program, 109 Michigan Ave,Fifth Floor, Lansing, MI 48913 USA. EM siegle@michigan.gov FU US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), an Agency of the Department of Health and Human Services [200-2012-M-52408 00002] FX This Supplement edition of Cancer has been sponsored by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), an Agency of the Department of Health and Human Services, under the Contract #200-2012-M-52408 00002. NR 19 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 5 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0008-543X EI 1097-0142 J9 CANCER-AM CANCER SOC JI Cancer PD AUG 15 PY 2014 VL 120 IS 16 SU S BP 2584 EP 2590 DI 10.1002/cncr.28822 PG 7 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA AN3DW UT WOS:000340466300007 PM 25099901 ER PT J AU Levano, W Miller, JW Leonard, B Bellick, L Crane, BE Kennedy, SK Haslage, NM Hammond, W Tharpe, FS AF Levano, Whitney Miller, Jacqueline W. Leonard, Banning Bellick, Linda Crane, Barbara E. Kennedy, Stephenie K. Haslage, Natalie M. Hammond, Whitney Tharpe, Felicia S. TI Public Education and Targeted Outreach to Underserved Women Through the National Breast and Cervical Cancer Early Detection Program SO CANCER LA English DT Article DE education; outreach; cancer screening; breast cancer; cervical cancer ID UNITED-STATES; MAMMOGRAPHY; DISPARITIES; BARRIERS AB The National Breast and Cervical Cancer Early Detection Program (NBCCEDP) was established to provide low-income, uninsured, and underinsured women access to cancer screening and diagnostic services with the goal of increasing the early detection and prevention of breast and cervical cancer. Although this is a valuable resource for women who might not have the means to get screened otherwise, providing services at no cost, by itself, does not guarantee uptake of screening services. Public education and targeted outreach facilitate the critical link between public service programs and the communities they serve. The purpose of public education and outreach in the NBCCEDP is to increase the number of women who use breast and cervical cancer screening services by raising awareness, providing education, addressing barriers, and motivating women to complete screening exams and follow-up. Effective strategies focus on helping to remove structural, physical, interpersonal, financial, and cultural barriers; educate women about the importance of screening and inform women about the services available to them. This article provides an overview of the importance of public education and targeted outreach activities for cancer screening through community-based programs including examples from NBCCEDP grantees that highlight successes, challenges, and solutions, encountered when conducting these types of interventions. (C) 2014 American Cancer Society. C1 [Levano, Whitney; Leonard, Banning; Tharpe, Felicia S.] Utah Dept Hlth, Canc Control Program, Salt Lake City, UT 84116 USA. [Miller, Jacqueline W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Bellick, Linda] New York State Dept Hlth, Canc Serv Program, Albany, NY USA. [Crane, Barbara E.] Georgia Breast & Cerv Canc Program, Div Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Kennedy, Stephenie K.] W Virginia Univ, West Virginia Breast & Cerv Canc Screening Progr, Mary Babb Randolph Canc Ctr, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. [Haslage, Natalie M.] Ohio Dept Hlth, Breast & Cerv Canc Project, Columbus, OH 43266 USA. [Hammond, Whitney] New Hampshire Div Publ Hlth Serv, Chron Dis Sect, Concord, NH USA. RP Miller, JW (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,Mailstop F-76, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM JMiller5@cdc.gov FU U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), an Agency of the Department of Health and Human Services [200-2012-M-52408 00002] FX This Supplement edition of Cancer has been sponsored by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), an Agency of the Department of Health and Human Services, under the Contract #200-2012-M-52408 00002. NR 17 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 5 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0008-543X EI 1097-0142 J9 CANCER-AM CANCER SOC JI Cancer PD AUG 15 PY 2014 VL 120 IS 16 SU S BP 2591 EP 2596 DI 10.1002/cncr.28819 PG 6 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA AN3DW UT WOS:000340466300008 PM 25099902 ER PT J AU Eheman, CR Leadbetter, S Benard, VB Ryerson, AB Royalty, JE Blackman, D Pollack, LA Adams, PW Babcock, F AF Eheman, Christie R. Leadbetter, Steven Benard, Vicki B. Ryerson, A. Blythe Royalty, Janet E. Blackman, Donald Pollack, Lori A. Adams, Paula Willey Babcock, Fran TI National Breast and Cervical Cancer Early Detection Program Data Validation Project SO CANCER LA English DT Article DE validation studies; breast cancer; cervical cancer; data quality; medical records; abstracting ID UNITED-STATES; UNDERSERVED WOMEN; FOLLOW-UP; MAMMOGRAPHY; ABNORMALITIES; BETHESDA AB BACKGROUND: The objectives of this study were to evaluate the quality of national data generated by the National Breast and Cervical Cancer Early Detection Program (NBCCEDP); to assess variables collected through the program that are appropriate to use for program management, evaluation, and data analysis; and to identify potential data-quality issues. METHODS: Information was abstracted randomly from 5603 medical records selected from 6 NBCCEDP-funded state programs, and 76 categorical variables and 11 text-based breast and cervical cancer screening and diagnostic variables were collected. Concordance was estimated between abstracted data and the data collected by the NBCCEDP. Overall and outcome-specific concordance was calculated for each of the key variables. Four screening performance measures also were estimated by comparing the program data with the abstracted data. RESULTS: Basic measures of program outcomes, such as the percentage of women with cancer or with abnormal screening tests, had a high concordance rate. Variables with poor or inconsistent concordance included reported breast symptoms, receipt of fine-needle aspiration, and receipt of colposcopy with biopsy. CONCLUSIONS: The overall conclusion from this comprehensive validation project of the NBCCEDP is that, with few exceptions, the data collected from individual program sites and reported to the CDC are valid and consistent with sociodemographic and clinical data within medical records. (C) 2014 American Cancer Society. C1 [Eheman, Christie R.; Leadbetter, Steven; Benard, Vicki B.; Ryerson, A. Blythe; Royalty, Janet E.; Blackman, Donald; Pollack, Lori A.; Babcock, Fran] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Adams, Paula Willey] Sci Applicat Int Corp Inc, Hlth Solut Business Unit, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Eheman, CR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, 4770 Buford Highway NE,Mail Stop F76, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM ceheman@cdc.gov FU US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), an Agency of the Department of Health and Human Services [200-2012-M-52408 00002]; CDC [MTS2002-Q-000618] FX This Supplement edition of Cancer has been sponsored by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), an Agency of the Department of Health and Human Services, under the Contract #200-2012-M-52408 00002. This work was supported in part by contract MTS2002-Q-000618 from the CDC. NR 13 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 5 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0008-543X EI 1097-0142 J9 CANCER-AM CANCER SOC JI Cancer PD AUG 15 PY 2014 VL 120 IS 16 SU S BP 2597 EP 2603 DI 10.1002/cncr.28825 PG 7 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA AN3DW UT WOS:000340466300009 PM 25099903 ER PT J AU Ekwueme, DU Subramanian, S Trogdon, JG Miller, JW Royalty, JE Li, CY Guy, GP Crouse, W Thompson, H Gardner, JG AF Ekwueme, Donatus U. Subramanian, Sujha Trogdon, Justin G. Miller, Jacqueline W. Royalty, Janet E. Li, Chunyu Guy, Gery P., Jr. Crouse, Wesley Thompson, Hope Gardner, James G. TI Cost of Services Provided by the National Breast and Cervical Cancer Early Detection Program SO CANCER LA English DT Article DE economic cost; cost analysis; NBCCEDP; breast cancer screening; cervical cancer screening; program evaluation ID PATIENT NAVIGATION; SCREENING-PROGRAMS; INSURANCE STATUS; HEALTH; MAMMOGRAPHY; WOMEN; CARE; INTERVENTIONS; DIAGNOSIS; ASSOCIATION AB BACKGROUND: The National Breast and Cervical Cancer Early Detection Program (NBCCEDP) is the largest cancer screening program for low-income women in the United States. This study updates previous estimates of the costs of delivering preventive cancer screening services in the NBCCEDP. METHODS: We developed a standardized web-based cost-assessment tool to collect annual activity-based cost data on screening for breast and cervical cancer in the NBCCEDP. Data were collected from 63 of the 66 programs that received funding from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention during the 2006/2007 fiscal year. We used these data to calculate costs of delivering preventive public health services in the program. RESULTS: We estimated the total cost of all NBCCEDP services to be $296 (standard deviation [SD], $123) per woman served (including the estimated value of in-kind donations, which constituted approximately 15% of this total estimated cost). The estimated cost of screening and diagnostic services was $145 (SD, $38) per women served, which represented 57.7% of the total cost excluding the value of in-kind donations. Including the value of in-kind donations, the weighted mean cost of screening a woman for breast cancer was $110 with an office visit and $88 without, the weighted mean cost of a diagnostic procedure was $401, and the weighted mean cost per breast cancer detected was $35,480. For cervical cancer, the corresponding cost estimates were $61, $21, $415, and $18,995, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: These NBCCEDP cost estimates may help policy makers in planning and implementing future costs for various potential changes to the program. (C) 2014 American Cancer Society. C1 [Ekwueme, Donatus U.; Miller, Jacqueline W.; Royalty, Janet E.; Li, Chunyu; Guy, Gery P., Jr.; Gardner, James G.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Subramanian, Sujha; Crouse, Wesley] RTI Int, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Trogdon, Justin G.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Hlth Policy & Management, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Thompson, Hope] Univ Michigan, Dept Econ & Publ Policy, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RP Ekwueme, DU (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, 4770 Buford Highway NE,MS K-55, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM dce3@cdc.gov FU U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), an Agency of the Department of Health and Human Services [200-2012-M-52408 00002] FX This Supplement edition of Cancer has been sponsored by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), an Agency of the Department of Health and Human Services, under the Contract #200-2012-M-52408 00002. NR 36 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 6 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0008-543X EI 1097-0142 J9 CANCER-AM CANCER SOC JI Cancer PD AUG 15 PY 2014 VL 120 IS 16 SU S BP 2604 EP 2611 DI 10.1002/cncr.28816 PG 8 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA AN3DW UT WOS:000340466300010 PM 25099904 ER PT J AU Sanders, LD Larkins, TL Boyle, JN George, SF Triplett, EW Leypoldt, MD AF Sanders, Latasha D. Larkins, Teri L. Boyle, John N. George, Susan F. Triplett, Erin W. Leypoldt, Melissa D. TI National Breast and Cervical Cancer Early Detection Program Partnerships in Action SO CANCER LA English DT Article DE partnerships; cancer control; early detection; breast cancer; cervical cancer ID PUBLIC-HEALTH AB Since the inception of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) National Breast and Cervical Cancer Early Detection Program (NBCCEDP) in 1990, partnerships have played a significant role in providing breast and cervical cancer screening and early detection to uninsured and underinsured women. The state, tribal, and territorial NBCCEDP grantees have shared resources and responsibilities with a variety of partners (eg, community-based organizations, government agencies, tribes, health care systems, companies, professional organizations) to achieve common goals. National partners, such as the American Cancer Society, Susan G. Komen for the Cure, and the Avon Foundation for Women, have provided funding, lobbied for national and state funding, supported outreach and education activities, and provided treatment referral services for the programs. This article provides an overview of grantee partnerships to illustrate the effects, successes, and challenges of these partnerships and how they have affected the populations served by the program. (C) 2014 American Cancer Society. C1 [Sanders, Latasha D.; Larkins, Teri L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Boyle, John N.; George, Susan F.] Penn Dept Hlth, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Harrisburg, PA 17108 USA. [Triplett, Erin W.] Indiana State Dept Hlth, Hlth & Human Serv Commiss, Chron Dis Div, Breast & Cerv Canc Program, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA. [Leypoldt, Melissa D.] Nebraska Dept Hlth, Publ Hlth Div, Off Womens & Mens Hlth, Lincoln, NE USA. RP Larkins, TL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Program Serv Branch, Div Canc Prevent & Control, 4770 Buford Highway MS F-76, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM tlarkins@cdc.gov FU US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), an Agency of the Department of Health and Human Services [200-2012-M-52408 00002] FX This Supplement edition of Cancer has been sponsored by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), an Agency of the Department of Health and Human Services, under the Contract #200-2012-M-52408 00002. NR 16 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 5 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0008-543X EI 1097-0142 J9 CANCER-AM CANCER SOC JI Cancer PD AUG 15 PY 2014 VL 120 IS 16 SU S BP 2612 EP 2616 DI 10.1002/cncr.28827 PG 5 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA AN3DW UT WOS:000340466300011 PM 25099905 ER PT J AU Plescia, M Wong, FL Pieters, J Joseph, D AF Plescia, Marcus Wong, Faye L. Pieters, Jennifer Joseph, Djenaba TI The National Breast and Cervical Cancer Early Detection Program in the Era of Health Reform: A Vision Forward SO CANCER LA English DT Article DE cancer prevention; cancer early detection; cancer screening program; National Breast and Cervical Cancer Early Detection Program; breast cancer; cervical cancer ID PUBLIC-HEALTH; WOMEN; PREVENTION; BARRIERS; CARE AB For the last 22 years, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) National Breast and Cervical Cancer Early Detection Program (NBCCEDP) has provided high quality breast and cervical cancer screening to women who do not have health insurance or who have inadequate insurance. As the health care landscape changes, it is time for CDC to address new identified needs and opportunities to increase cancer screening and to further explore new or expanded roles for the program looking to the future. The NBCCEDP is well positioned to build upon its experience, established clinical and community partnerships, and success in serving disadvantaged and diverse populations to address important barriers to cancer screening that will persist as health reform is implemented. Additionally, the program can adapt its extensive experience with establishing and managing an organized system of delivering cancer screening and apply it to promote a more organized approach to screening through health care systems on a population level. Emphasis is placed on the implementation of evidenced-based interventions proven effective in increasing cancer screening rates, promising practices and other organizational policy and health systems interventions. Published 2014. This article is a U. S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA. C1 [Plescia, Marcus; Wong, Faye L.; Pieters, Jennifer; Joseph, Djenaba] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Wong, FL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,Mailstop F 76, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. FU U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), an Agency of the Department of Health and Human Services [200-2012-M-52408 00002] FX This Supplement edition of Cancer has been sponsored by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), an Agency of the Department of Health and Human Services, under the Contract #200-2012-M-52408 00002. NR 17 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 6 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0008-543X EI 1097-0142 J9 CANCER-AM CANCER SOC JI Cancer PD AUG 15 PY 2014 VL 120 IS 16 SU S BP 2620 EP 2624 DI 10.1002/cncr.28826 PG 5 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA AN3DW UT WOS:000340466300013 PM 25099907 ER PT J AU Biggerstaff, M Jhung, MA Reed, C Fry, AM Balluz, L Finelli, L AF Biggerstaff, Matthew Jhung, Michael A. Reed, Carrie Fry, Alicia M. Balluz, Lina Finelli, Lyn TI Influenza-like Illness, the Time to Seek Healthcare, and Influenza Antiviral Receipt During the 2010-2011 Influenza Season-United States SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE healthcare-seeking behavior; influenza; influenza antiviral treatment; time to seek healthcare ID IMMUNIZATION PRACTICES ACIP; ADVISORY-COMMITTEE; SURVEILLANCE; RECOMMENDATIONS; PREVALENCE; INFECTION; CHILDREN AB Background. Few data exist describing healthcare-seeking behaviors among persons with influenza-like illness (ILI) or adherence to influenza antiviral treatment recommendations. Methods. We analyzed adult responses to the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System in 31 states and the District of Columbia (DC) and pediatric responses in 25 states and DC for January-April 2011 by demographics and underlying health conditions. Results. Among 75 088 adult and 15 649 child respondents, 8.9% and 33.9%, respectively, reported ILI. ILI was more frequent among adults with asthma (16%), chronic obstruction pulmonary disease (COPD; 26%), diabetes (12%), heart disease (19%), kidney disease (16%), or obesity (11%). Forty-five percent of adults and 57% of children sought healthcare for ILI. Thirty-five percent of adults sought care <= 2 days after ILI onset. Seeking care <= 2 days was more frequent among adults with COPD (48%) or heart disease (55%). Among adults with a self-reported physician diagnosis of influenza, 34% received treatment with antiviral medications. The only underlying health condition with a higher rate of treatment was diabetes (46%). Conclusions. Adults with underlying health conditions were more likely to report ILI, but the majority did not seek care promptly, missing opportunities for early influenza antiviral treatment. C1 [Biggerstaff, Matthew; Jhung, Michael A.; Reed, Carrie; Fry, Alicia M.; Finelli, Lyn] Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Influenza Div, Epidemiol & Prevent Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Balluz, Lina] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Behav Surveillance, Publ Hlth Surveillance & Informat Program Off, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Biggerstaff, M (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE MS A-32, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM mbiggerstaff@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 27 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-1899 EI 1537-6613 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD AUG 15 PY 2014 VL 210 IS 4 BP 535 EP 544 DI 10.1093/infdis/jiu224 PG 10 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA AN0AN UT WOS:000340243500005 PM 24731959 ER PT J AU McElroy, AK Erickson, BR Flietstra, TD Rollin, PE Nichol, ST Towner, JS Spiropoulou, CF AF McElroy, Anita K. Erickson, Bobbie R. Flietstra, Timothy D. Rollin, Pierre E. Nichol, Stuart T. Towner, Jonathan S. Spiropoulou, Christina F. TI Ebola Hemorrhagic Fever: Novel Biomarker Correlates of Clinical Outcome SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Ebola virus; biomarkers; hemorrhage; Gulu; hemorrhagic fever virus ID VIRUS INFECTION; FERRITIN LEVELS; HIV-1 INFECTION; TISSUE FACTOR; NITRIC-OXIDE; DC-SIGN; UGANDA; INVOLVEMENT; PREVALENCE; RESPONSES AB Background. Ebola hemorrhagic fever (EHF) outbreaks occur sporadically in Africa and result in high rates of death. The 2000-2001 outbreak of Sudan virus-associated EHF in the Gulu district of Uganda led to 425 cases, of which 216 were laboratory confirmed, making it the largest EHF outbreak on record. Serum specimens from this outbreak had been preserved in liquid nitrogen from the time of collection and were available for analysis. Methods. Available samples were tested using a series of multiplex assays to measure the concentrations of 55 biomarkers. The data were analyzed to identify statistically significant associations between the tested biomarkers and hemorrhagic manifestations, viremia, and/or death. Results. Death, hemorrhage, and viremia were independently associated with elevated levels of several chemokines and cytokines. Death and hemorrhage were associated with elevated thrombomodulin and ferritin levels. Hemorrhage was also associated with elevated levels of soluble intracellular adhesion molecule. Viremia was independently associated with elevated levels of tissue factor and tissue plasminogen activator. Finally, samples from nonfatal cases had higher levels of sCD40L. Conclusions. These novel associations provide a better understanding of EHF pathophysiology and a starting point for researching new potential targets for therapeutic interventions. C1 [McElroy, Anita K.; Erickson, Bobbie R.; Flietstra, Timothy D.; Rollin, Pierre E.; Nichol, Stuart T.; Towner, Jonathan S.; Spiropoulou, Christina F.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Viral Special Pathogens Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [McElroy, Anita K.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Div Pediat Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Spiropoulou, CF (reprint author), 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS G14, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM ccs8@cdc.gov FU PIDS/St. Jude Fellowship; National Institutes of Health Loan Repayment Award; Atlanta Pediatric Scholars Program is an NIH [HD072245] FX This work was supported by the PIDS/St. Jude Fellowship (to A. K. M.), the National Institutes of Health Loan Repayment Award (to A. K. M.), and the Atlanta Pediatric Scholars Program is an NIH K12 (grant HD072245 to A. K. M.). NR 35 TC 73 Z9 79 U1 2 U2 196 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-1899 EI 1537-6613 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD AUG 15 PY 2014 VL 210 IS 4 BP 558 EP 566 DI 10.1093/infdis/jiu088 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA AN0AN UT WOS:000340243500007 PM 24526742 ER PT J AU Peterson, JL Bakeman, R Sullivan, P Millett, GA Rosenberg, E Salazar, L DiClemente, RJ Cooper, H Kelley, CF Mulligan, MJ Frew, P del Rio, C AF Peterson, John L. Bakeman, Roger Sullivan, Patrick Millett, Gregorio A. Rosenberg, Eli Salazar, Laura DiClemente, Ralph J. Cooper, Hannah Kelley, Colleen F. Mulligan, Mark J. Frew, Paula del Rio, Carlos TI Social Discrimination and Resiliency Are Not Associated With Differences in Prevalent HIV Infection in Black and White Men Who Have Sex With Men SO JAIDS-JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES LA English DT Article DE HIV infection; black and white MSM; homophobia; racism; resiliency ID UNITED-STATES; PARTNER CHARACTERISTICS; RACIAL-DIFFERENCES; CONCEPTUAL ISSUES; HEALTH OUTCOMES; RISK BEHAVIORS; BISEXUAL MEN; YOUNG BLACK; DISPARITIES; GAY AB Objectives: To examine the associations of homophobia, racism, and resiliency with differences in prevalent HIV infection in black and white men who have sex with men (MSM). Methods: The Involve[ment]t study is a cohort of black and white MSM aged 18-39 years in Atlanta, GA, designed to evaluate individual, dyadic, and community level factors that might explain racial disparities in HIV prevalence. Participants were recruited irrespective of HIV serostatus from community-based venues and from Internet advertisements and were tested for HIV. We assessed respondents' demographics, whether they had engaged in unprotected anal intercourse (UAI) within the past 6 months, and attitudes about perceived homophobia, perceived racism, and personal resiliency. Results: Compared with white MSM, black MSM were less likely to report UAI in the past 6 months [odds ratio (OR): 0.59, confidence interval (CI): 0.44 to 0.80], more likely to be HIV positive (OR: 5.05, CI: 3.52 to 7.25), and-among those HIV positive-more likely to report not being aware of their HIV infection (OR: 2.58, CI: 1.18 to 5.65). Greater perceived racism was associated with UAI in the black sample (partial odds ratio: 1.48, CI: 1.10 to 1.99). Overall, perceived homophobia, perceived racism, and resilience were not associated with prevalent HIV infection in our samples. Greater resilience was associated with less perceived homophobia in both black and white samples (Spearman r = 20.27, P < 0.001, for both). Conclusion: Future studies of social discrimination at the institutional and network level, than at the individual level, may explain differences in HIV infection in black and white MSM. C1 [Peterson, John L.; Bakeman, Roger] Georgia State Univ, Dept Psychol, Atlanta, GA 30302 USA. [Sullivan, Patrick; Rosenberg, Eli] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Millett, Gregorio A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA USA. [Salazar, Laura] Georgia State Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Div Hlth Promot & Behav, Atlanta, GA USA. [DiClemente, Ralph J.; Cooper, Hannah; Frew, Paula] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Behav Sci & Hlth Educ, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Kelley, Colleen F.; Mulligan, Mark J.; Frew, Paula; del Rio, Carlos] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Peterson, JL (reprint author), Georgia State Univ, Dept Psychol, POB 5010, Atlanta, GA 30302 USA. EM jpeterson@gsu.edu RI del Rio, Carlos/B-3763-2012; Kelley, Colleen/O-4819-2016; OI del Rio, Carlos/0000-0002-0153-3517; Kelley, Colleen/0000-0001-5611-0119; Frew, Paula/0000-0002-3078-9124 FU National Institutes of Health [R01MH085600, RC1MD004370, UL1TR000454]; Emory Center for AIDS Research [P30AI050409] FX Supported by National Institutes of Health (R01MH085600, RC1MD004370, UL1TR000454) and the Emory Center for AIDS Research (P30AI050409). The authors have no conflicts of interest to disclose. NR 44 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 8 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1525-4135 EI 1077-9450 J9 JAIDS-J ACQ IMM DEF JI JAIDS PD AUG 15 PY 2014 VL 66 IS 5 BP 538 EP 543 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA AL3FT UT WOS:000339012600014 PM 24820109 ER PT J AU Kendall, C Kerr, LRFS Mota, RMS Cavalcante, S Macena, RHM Chen, S Gaffga, N Monterosso, E Bastos, FI Serrano, D AF Kendall, Carl Franco Sansigolo Kerr, Ligia Regina Salani Mota, Rosa Maria Cavalcante, Socorro Maia Macena, Raimunda Hermelinda Chen, Sanny Gaffga, Nicholas Monterosso, Edgar Bastos, Fransisco I. Serrano, Dulcelina TI Population Size, HIV, and Behavior Among MSM in Luanda, Angola: Challenges and Findings in the First Ever HIV and Syphilis Biological and Behavioral Survey SO JAIDS-JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES LA English DT Article DE HIV; syphilis; sexual behavior; homosexuality; male; sampling studies ID HIDDEN POPULATIONS; SEX WORKERS; CAPTURE-RECAPTURE; BISEXUAL MEN; SAMPLE-SIZE; SURVEILLANCE; BRAZIL; FORTALEZA; VARIANCE; KAMPALA AB Objectives: To conduct the first population size estimation and biological and behavioral surveillance survey among men who have sex with men (MSM) in Angola. Design: Population size estimation with multiplier method and a cross-sectional study using respondent-driven sampling. Setting: Luanda Province, Angola. Study was conducted in a large hospital. Participants: Seven hundred ninety-two self-identified MSM accepted a unique object for population size estimation. Three hundred fifty-one MSM were recruited with respondent-driven sampling for biological and behavioral surveillance survey. Methods: Interviews and testing for HIV and syphilis were conducted on-site. Analysis used Respondent-Driven Sampling Analysis Tool and STATA 11.0. Univariate, bivariate, and multi-variate analyses examined factors associated with HIV and unprotected sex. Six imputation strategies were used for missing data for those refusing to test for HIV. Main Outcome: A population size of 6236 MSM was estimated. Twenty-seven of 351 individuals were tested positive. Adjusted HIV prevalence was 3.7% (8.7% crude). With imputation, HIV seroprevalence was estimated between 3.8% [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.6 to 6.5] and 10.5% (95% CI: 5.6 to 15.3). Being older than 25 (odds ratio = 10.8, 95% CI: 3.5 to 32.8) and having suffered episodes of homophobia (odds ratio = 12.7, 95% CI: 3.2 to 49.6) significantly increased the chance of HIV seropositivity. Conclusions: Risk behaviors are widely reported, but HIV seroprevalence is lower than expected. The difference between crude and adjusted values was mostly due to treatment of missing values in Respondent-Driven Sampling Analysis Tool. Solutions are proposed in this article. Although concerns were raised about feasibility and adverse outcomes for MSM, the study was successfully and rapidly completed with no adverse effects. C1 [Kendall, Carl] Tulane Univ, Sch Publ Hlth & Trop Med, Dept Global Community Hlth & Behav Sci, New Orleans, LA 70112 USA. [Franco Sansigolo Kerr, Ligia Regina; Salani Mota, Rosa Maria; Maia Macena, Raimunda Hermelinda] Univ Fed Ceara, Dept Community Hlth, Fortaleza, Ceara, Brazil. [Cavalcante, Socorro] Minist Hlth, Dept Epidemiol Surveillance, Fortaleza, Ceara, Brazil. [Chen, Sanny; Gaffga, Nicholas; Monterosso, Edgar] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Bastos, Fransisco I.] Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. [Serrano, Dulcelina] Natl Inst Fight AIDS, Luanda, Angola. RP Kendall, C (reprint author), Tulane Univ, Sch Publ Hlth & Trop Med, Dept Global Community Hlth & Behav Sci, 1440 Canal St, New Orleans, LA 70112 USA. EM carl.kendall@gmail.com FU President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) through the CDC Angola Office [SGE500-09-C-0061]; CDC Project Behavioral and Serological Survey FX Supported by the President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) through the CDC Angola Office under the terms of project number #SGE500-09-C-0061. Funding for this project was provided by CDC Project Behavioral and Serological Survey for HIV and Syphilis among Men who have Sex with Men in Luanda, Angola. NR 40 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 7 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1525-4135 EI 1077-9450 J9 JAIDS-J ACQ IMM DEF JI JAIDS PD AUG 15 PY 2014 VL 66 IS 5 BP 544 EP 551 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA AL3FT UT WOS:000339012600015 PM 25014130 ER PT J AU Bove, FJ Ruckart, PZ Maslia, M Larson, TC AF Bove, Frank J. Ruckart, Perri Zeitz Maslia, Morris Larson, Theodore C. TI Mortality study of civilian employees exposed to contaminated drinking water at USMC Base Camp Lejeune: a retrospective cohort study SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Mortality; Cancers; Trichloroethylene; Tetrachloroethylene; Vinyl chloride; Benzene; Drinking water ID DOSE-RESPONSE ANALYSES; OCCUPATIONAL EPIDEMIOLOGY; PARKINSONS-DISEASE; DEATH CERTIFICATES; SCIENTIFIC ISSUES; KEY FINDINGS; TETRACHLOROETHYLENE; RISK; EXPOSURES; TRICHLOROETHYLENE AB Background: Two drinking water systems at U.S. Marine Corps Base Camp Lejeune, North Carolina were contaminated with solvents during 1950s-1985. Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort mortality study of 4,647 civilian, full-time workers employed at Camp Lejeune during 1973-1985 and potentially exposed to contaminated drinking water. We selected a comparison cohort of 4,690 Camp Pendleton workers employed during 1973-1985 and unexposed to contaminated drinking water. Mortality follow-up period was 1979-2008. Cause-specific standardized mortality ratios utilized U.S. age-, sex-, race-, and calendar period-specific mortality rates as reference. We used survival analysis to compare mortality rates between Camp Lejeune and Camp Pendleton workers and assess the effects of estimated cumulative contaminant exposures within the Camp Lejeune cohort. Ground water contaminant fate/transport and distribution system models provided monthly estimated contaminant levels in drinking water serving workplaces at Camp Lejeune. The confidence interval (CI) indicated precision of effect estimates. Results: Compared to Camp Pendleton, Camp Lejeune workers had mortality hazard ratios (HRs) >1.50 for kidney cancer (HR = 1.92, 95% CI: 0.58, 6.34), leukemias (HR = 1.59, 95% CI: 0.66, 3.84), multiple myeloma (HR = 1.84, 95% CI: 0.45, 7.58), rectal cancer (HR = 1.65, 95% CI: 0.36, 7.44), oral cavity cancers (HR = 1.93, 95% CI: 0.34, 10.81), and Parkinson's disease (HR = 3.13, 95% CI: 0.76, 12.81). Within the Camp Lejeune cohort, monotonic exposure-response relationships were observed for leukemia and vinyl chloride and PCE, with mortality HRs at the high exposure category of 1.72 (95% CI: 0.33, 8.83) and 1.82 (95% CI: 0.36, 9.32), respectively. Cumulative exposures were above the median for most deaths from cancers of the kidney, esophagus, rectum, prostate, and Parkinson's disease, but small numbers precluded evaluation of exposure-response relationships. Conclusion: The study found elevated HRs in the Camp Lejeune cohort for several causes of death including cancers of the kidney, rectum, oral cavity, leukemias, multiple myeloma, and Parkinson's disease. Only 14% of the Camp Lejeune cohort died by end of follow-up, producing small numbers of cause-specific deaths and wide CIs. Additional follow-up would be necessary to comprehensively assess drinking water exposure effects at the base. C1 [Bove, Frank J.; Ruckart, Perri Zeitz; Larson, Theodore C.] Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registry, Div Toxicol & Human Hlth Sci, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Maslia, Morris] ATSDR, Div Community Hlth Invest, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Bove, FJ (reprint author), Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registry, Div Toxicol & Human Hlth Sci, 4770 Buford Highway,MS F-58, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM fbove@cdc.gov NR 35 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 3 U2 14 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1476-069X J9 ENVIRON HEALTH-GLOB JI Environ. Health PD AUG 13 PY 2014 VL 13 AR 68 DI 10.1186/1476-069X-13-68 PG 13 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AN9ZL UT WOS:000340968100002 PM 25115749 ER PT J AU Wu, QZ Prager, KC Goldstein, T Alt, DP Galloway, RL Zuerner, RL Lloyd-Smith, JO Schwacke, L AF Wu, Qingzhong Prager, Katherine C. Goldstein, Tracey Alt, David P. Galloway, Renee L. Zuerner, Richard L. Lloyd-Smith, James O. Schwacke, Lori TI Development of a real-time PCR for the detection of pathogenic Leptospira spp. in California sea lions SO DISEASES OF AQUATIC ORGANISMS LA English DT Article DE Sea lions; Pathogenic Leptospira spp.; lipL32 gene; Real-time PCR; Urine; Kidney ID QUANTITATIVE PCR; IDENTIFICATION; GROWTH; POMONA AB Several real-time PCR assays are currently used for detection of pathogenic Leptospira spp.; however, few methods have been described for the successful evaluation of clinical urine samples. This study reports a rapid assay for the detection of pathogenic Leptospira spp. in California sea lions Zalophus californianus using real-time PCR with primers and a probe targeting the lipL32 gene. The PCR assay had high analytic sensitivity-the limit of detection was 3 genome copies per PCR volume using L. interrogans serovar Pomona DNA and 100% analytic specificity; it detected all pathogenic leptospiral serovars tested and none of the non-pathogenic Leptospira species (L. biflexa and L. meyeri serovar Semaranga), the intermediate species L. inadai, or the non-Leptospira pathogens tested. Our assay had an amplification efficiency of 1.00. Comparisons between the real-time PCR assay and culture isolation for detection of pathogenic Leptospira spp. in urine and kidney tissue samples from California sea lions showed that samples were more often positive by real-time PCR than by culture methods. Inclusion of an internal amplification control in the real-time PCR assay showed no inhibitory effects in PCR negative samples. These studies indicated that our real-time PCR assay has high analytic sensitivity and specificity for the rapid detection of pathogenic Leptospira species in urine and kidney tissue samples. C1 [Wu, Qingzhong; Schwacke, Lori] Natl Ocean Serv, Hollings Marine Lab, Natl Ctr Coastal Ocean Sci, NOAA, Charleston, SC 29412 USA. [Prager, Katherine C.; Lloyd-Smith, James O.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Prager, Katherine C.; Lloyd-Smith, James O.] NIH, Fogarty Int Ctr, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Prager, Katherine C.] Marine Mammal Ctr, Sausalito, CA 94965 USA. [Goldstein, Tracey] Univ Calif Davis, Sch Vet Med, Hlth Inst 1, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Alt, David P.; Zuerner, Richard L.] Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Infect Bacterial Dis Res Unit, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Galloway, Renee L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Zuerner, Richard L.] USDA ARS, Washington, DC 20250 USA. RP Wu, QZ (reprint author), Natl Ocean Serv, Hollings Marine Lab, Natl Ctr Coastal Ocean Sci, NOAA, Charleston, SC 29412 USA. EM qingzhongwu@yahoo.com RI Lloyd-Smith, James/K-4080-2012 OI Lloyd-Smith, James/0000-0001-7941-502X FU NOAA's Oceans and Human Health Initiative; John H. Prescott Marine Mammal Rescue Assistance Grant Program; National Science Foundation [OCE-1335657]; RAPIDD program of the Science and Technology Directorate, Department of Homeland Security; Fogarty International Center, National Institutes of Health FX We thank Brian Thompson, for providing non-Leptospira bacteria. We also thank the staff of The Marine Mammal Center in Sausalito, California for providing the samples from the stranded sea lions; Dr. Robert DeLong and his group at the National Marine Mammal Laboratory for their collaboration and assistance in collecting samples from wild-caught, free-ranging sea lions. This work was performed in part at the University of California Natural Reserve System Ano Nuevo Island Reserve. We thank Ano Nuevo State Park rangers for their logistical support and Rick Hornsby at the National Animal Disease Center for his excellent technical support. Funding for this research was provided by NOAA's Oceans and Human Health Initiative, the John H. Prescott Marine Mammal Rescue Assistance Grant Program, and the National Science Foundation (OCE-1335657). K.C.P. and J.L.S. acknowledge financial support from the RAPIDD program of the Science and Technology Directorate, Department of Homeland Security and the Fogarty International Center, National Institutes of Health. This publication does not constitute an endorsement of any commercial product or intend to be an opinion beyond scientific or other results obtained by the NOAA or the ARS. NR 21 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 8 PU INTER-RESEARCH PI OLDENDORF LUHE PA NORDBUNTE 23, D-21385 OLDENDORF LUHE, GERMANY SN 0177-5103 EI 1616-1580 J9 DIS AQUAT ORGAN JI Dis. Aquat. Org. PD AUG 11 PY 2014 VL 110 IS 3 BP 165 EP 172 DI 10.3354/dao02752 PG 8 WC Fisheries; Veterinary Sciences SC Fisheries; Veterinary Sciences GA AQ6LI UT WOS:000342923400001 PM 25114040 ER PT J AU Johansson, MA Powers, AM Pesik, N Cohen, NJ Staples, JE AF Johansson, Michael A. Powers, Ann M. Pesik, Nicki Cohen, Nicole J. Staples, J. Erin TI Nowcasting the Spread of Chikungunya Virus in the Americas SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID AEDES-AEGYPTI; REUNION-ISLAND; INDIAN-OCEAN; INFECTION; SEROPREVALENCE; ALBOPICTUS; FEVER; EPIDEMIC; OUTBREAK; RISK AB Background: In December 2013, the first locally-acquired chikungunya virus (CHIKV) infections in the Americas were reported in the Caribbean. As of May 16, 55,992 cases had been reported and the outbreak was still spreading. Identification of newly affected locations is paramount to intervention activities, but challenging due to limitations of current data on the outbreak and on CHIKV transmission. We developed models to make probabilistic predictions of spread based on current data considering these limitations. Methods and Findings: Branching process models capturing travel patterns, local infection prevalence, climate dependent transmission factors, and associated uncertainty estimates were developed to predict probable locations for the arrival of CHIKV-infected travelers and for the initiation of local transmission. Many international cities and areas close to where transmission has already occurred were likely to have received infected travelers. Of the ten locations predicted to be the most likely locations for introduced CHIKV transmission in the first four months of the outbreak, eight had reported local cases by the end of April. Eight additional locations were likely to have had introduction leading to local transmission in April, but with substantial uncertainty. Conclusions: Branching process models can characterize the risk of CHIKV introduction and spread during the ongoing outbreak. Local transmission of CHIKV is currently likely in several Caribbean locations and possible, though uncertain, for other locations in the continental United States, Central America, and South America. This modeling framework may also be useful for other outbreaks where the risk of pathogen spread over heterogeneous transportation networks must be rapidly assessed on the basis of limited information. C1 [Johansson, Michael A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, San Juan, PR 00937 USA. [Powers, Ann M.; Staples, J. Erin] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Pesik, Nicki; Cohen, Nicole J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global Migrat & Quarantine, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Johansson, MA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, San Juan, PR 00937 USA. EM mjohansson@cdc.gov NR 35 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 2 U2 20 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD AUG 11 PY 2014 VL 9 IS 8 AR e104915 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0104915 PG 8 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AO1WB UT WOS:000341105100109 PM 25111394 ER PT J AU Tate, JE Arora, R Bhan, MK Yewale, V Parashar, UD Kang, G AF Tate, Jacqueline E. Arora, Rashmi Bhan, Maharaj Kishan Yewale, Vijay Parashar, Umesh D. Kang, Gagandeep TI Rotavirus disease and vaccines in India: A tremendous public health opportunity SO VACCINE LA English DT Editorial Material ID INTUSSUSCEPTION RISK; VACCINATION; INFANTS; EFFICACY; SAFETY; MEXICO C1 [Tate, Jacqueline E.; Parashar, Umesh D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Arora, Rashmi] Indian Council Med Res, New Delhi, India. [Bhan, Maharaj Kishan] Govt India, Minist Sci & Technol, New Delhi, India. [Yewale, Vijay] Indian Acad Pediat, Bombay, Maharashtra, India. [Kang, Gagandeep] Christian Med Coll & Hosp, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India. RP Kang, G (reprint author), Christian Med Coll & Hosp, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India. EM gkang@cmcvellore.ac.in NR 44 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X EI 1873-2518 J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD AUG 11 PY 2014 VL 32 SU 1 BP VII EP XII DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2014.05.047 PG 6 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA AO0CU UT WOS:000340977500001 PM 25091690 ER PT J AU Babji, S Arumugam, R Sarvanabhavan, A Gentsch, JR Kang, G AF Babji, Sudhir Arumugam, Rajesh Sarvanabhavan, Anuradha Gentsch, Jon R. Kang, Gagandeep TI Approach to molecular characterization of partially and completely untyped samples in an Indian rotavirus surveillance program SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Untyped Protocol; ELISA false positive; Specific priming ID HOSPITAL-BASED SURVEILLANCE; CHILDREN YOUNGER; SOUTH-INDIA; STRAINS; DIVERSITY AB Surveillance networks for rotavirus document the burden of the disease using the proportion of children hospitalized with gastroenteritis positive for rotavirus by enzyme immunoassay. They also describe genotypes of circulating viruses by polymerase chain reaction for the VP7 and VP4 genes, which determine G and P types, respectively. A proportion of samples cannot be genotyped based on initial testing and laboratories need to assess further testing strategies based on resources and feasibility. To 365 samples obtained from an Indian rotavirus strain surveillance program, we applied an approach to determine the G and P types in antigen positive samples that failed to type initially with the standard laboratory protocol. Fifty-eight samples (19%) were negative for the VP6 gene, indicating that the antigen test was likely to have been false positive. Alternative extraction and priming approaches resulted in the identification of G and P types for 264 strains. The identity of one strain was determined by sequencing the first-round amplicons. Thirty-five strains were partially typed and seven strains could not be typed at all. The distribution of G and P types among strains that had initially failed to type, except one strain, did not differ from that in strains that were typed using the standard laboratory protocol. (C) 2014 Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Babji, Sudhir; Arumugam, Rajesh; Sarvanabhavan, Anuradha; Kang, Gagandeep] Christian Med Coll & Hosp, Div Gastrointestinal Sci, Vellore 632004, Tamil Nadu, India. [Gentsch, Jon R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Babji, S (reprint author), Christian Med Coll & Hosp, Div Gastrointestinal Sci, Vellore 632004, Tamil Nadu, India. EM sudhirbabji79@cmcvellore.ac.in FU Indian Council for Medical Research FX The surveillance for rotavirus was supported by the Indian Council for Medical Research. The authors thank Dr. Miren Iturriza-Gomara of the University of Liverpool for technical support, training and helpful discussions. NR 16 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X EI 1873-2518 J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD AUG 11 PY 2014 VL 32 SU 1 BP A84 EP A88 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2014.04.024 PG 5 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA AO0CU UT WOS:000340977500017 PM 25091686 ER PT J AU Premkumar, P Lopman, B Ramani, S Paul, A Gladstone, B Muliyil, J Mukhopadhya, I Parashar, U Kang, G AF Premkumar, Prasanna Lopman, Ben Ramani, Sasirekha Paul, Anu Gladstone, Beryl Muliyil, Jayaprakash Mukhopadhya, Indrani Parashar, Umesh Kang, Gagandeep TI Association of serum antibodies with protection against rotavirus infection and disease in South Indian children SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Antibody; Immunity; Protection; Rotavirus; Diarrhea ID BIRTH COHORT; VACCINES; DIARRHEA; VACCINATION; RESPONSES AB Serum antibodies play an important role in natural protection from rotavirus infection and disease, but conflicting estimates of association have emerged from epidemiological studies in different geographical settings. In this study, we aim to assess the relationship between pre-existing serum immunoglobulin (Ig)G and IgA titers with protection against rotavirus infection and disease in a birth cohort of Indian children. Children were recruited at birth and followed up for 36 months. Stool samples were collected every 2 weeks and during episodes of diarrhea and serum samples were obtained at least every 6 months. The incidence rate of rotavirus infection and diarrhea was 0.9 (95% CI: 0.88, 0.99) and 0.2 (95% Cl: 0.19, 0.25) episodes per child year, respectively. The risk of rotavirus infection and diarrhea decreased with age, while antibody titers (IgG and IgA) increased with age. After adjusting for age and number of previous infections, higher levels of IgG and IgA were independently associated with reduced risk of rotavirus infection. However, we did not find a clear association of IgG or IgA with rotavirus diarrhea risk or a threshold level of protection. The study supports a correlation of serum antibodies in reducing the risk of rotavirus infections, however the potential of serum antibody titer as a correlate of protection is not clear for children in lower income settings. (C) 2014 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Premkumar, Prasanna; Lopman, Ben; Parashar, Umesh] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Premkumar, Prasanna; Ramani, Sasirekha; Paul, Anu; Gladstone, Beryl; Muliyil, Jayaprakash; Mukhopadhya, Indrani; Kang, Gagandeep] Christian Med Coll & Hosp, Div Gastrointestinal Sci, Wellcome Trust Res Lab, Vellore 632004, Tamil Nadu, India. RP Lopman, B (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS-G04, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM blopman@cdc.gov NR 20 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X EI 1873-2518 J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD AUG 11 PY 2014 VL 32 SU 1 BP A55 EP A61 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2014.04.077 PG 7 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA AO0CU UT WOS:000340977500013 PM 25091682 ER PT J AU Rao, TS Arora, R Khera, A Tate, JE Parashar, U Kang, G AF Rao, T. S. Arora, Rashmi Khera, Ajay Tate, Jacqueline E. Parashar, Umesh Kang, Gagandeep CA Indian Rotavirus Vaccine Working G TI Insights from global data for use of rotavirus vaccines in India SO VACCINE LA English DT Review ID 1ST 2 YEARS; NATIONAL IMMUNIZATION PROGRAM; PLACEBO-CONTROLLED TRIAL; UNITED-STATES; DOUBLE-BLIND; INTUSSUSCEPTION RISK; CHILDHOOD DIARRHEA; GASTROENTERITIS HOSPITALIZATIONS; VACCINATION PROGRAMS; COST-EFFECTIVENESS AB Rotavirus vaccines are being introduced in several low- and middle-income countries across the world with and without support from the GAVI Alliance. India has the highest disease burden of rotavirus based on morbidity and mortality estimates and several indigenous vaccine manufacturers are developing rotavirus vaccines. One candidate has undergone phase III testing and others have completed evaluation in phase II. Global data on licensed vaccine performance in terms of impact on disease, strain diversity, safety and cost-effectiveness has been reviewed to provide a framework for decision making in India. (C) 2014 Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Rao, T. S.] Govt India, Minishy Sci & Technol, Dept Biotechnol, New Delhi, India. [Arora, Rashmi] Indian Council Med Res, Div Epidemiol & Communicable Dis, New Delhi, India. [Khera, Ajay] Minist Hlth & Family Welf, New Delhi, India. [Tate, Jacqueline E.; Parashar, Umesh] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Viral Gastroenteritis Div, Atlanta, GA USA. [Kang, Gagandeep] Christian Med Coll & Hosp, Div Gastrointestinal Sci, Vellore 632004, Tamil Nadu, India. RP Kang, G (reprint author), Christian Med Coll & Hosp, Div Gastrointestinal Sci, Vellore 632004, Tamil Nadu, India. EM gkang@cmcvellore.ac.in OI Mohan, Venkata Raghava/0000-0001-5787-7223 FU Department of Biotechnology FX The Working Group meeting on March 20, 2012 was convened and supported by the Department of Biotechnology. NR 81 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X EI 1873-2518 J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD AUG 11 PY 2014 VL 32 SU 1 BP A171 EP A178 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2014.03.029 PG 8 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA AO0CU UT WOS:000340977500030 PM 25091672 ER PT J AU Arbury, S Jacklitsch, B Farquah, O Hodgson, M Lamson, G Martin, H Profitt, A AF Arbury, Sheila Jacklitsch, Brenda Farquah, Opeyemi Hodgson, Michael Lamson, Glenn Martin, Heather Profitt, Audrey TI Heat Illness and Death Among Workers - United States, 2012-2013 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article C1 [Arbury, Sheila] OSHA, Off Occupat Hlth Nursing, Washington, DC USA. [Jacklitsch, Brenda] NIOSH, Educ & Informat Div, CDC, Washington, DC USA. [Farquah, Opeyemi; Martin, Heather] OSHA, Off Sci & Technol Assessment, Washington, DC USA. [Hodgson, Michael] OSHA, Off Occupat Med, Washington, DC 20210 USA. [Lamson, Glenn] OSHA, Salt Lake Tech Ctr, Directorate Tech Support & Emergency Management, Salt Lake City, UT USA. [Profitt, Audrey] OSHA, Off Hlth Enforcement, Washington, DC USA. RP Hodgson, M (reprint author), OSHA, Off Occupat Med, Washington, DC 20210 USA. EM hodgson.michael@dol.gov NR 9 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 3 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL & PREVENTION PI ATLANTA PA MAILSTOP E-90, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD AUG 8 PY 2014 VL 63 IS 31 BP 661 EP 665 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AN6EH UT WOS:000340687200001 PM 25102413 ER PT J AU Fox, JB Shaw, FE AF Fox, Jared B. Shaw, Frederic E. TI Relationship of Income and Health Care Coverage to Receipt of Recommended Clinical Preventive Services by Adults - United States, 2011-2012 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article C1 [Fox, Jared B.] CDC, Off Hlth Syst Collaborat, Off Associate Director Policy, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Shaw, Frederic E.] CDC, Ctr Surveillance Epidemiol & Lab Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Fox, JB (reprint author), CDC, Off Hlth Syst Collaborat, Off Associate Director Policy, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM jaredfox@cdc.gov NR 9 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 2 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL & PREVENTION PI ATLANTA PA MAILSTOP E-90, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD AUG 8 PY 2014 VL 63 IS 31 BP 666 EP 670 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AN6EH UT WOS:000340687200002 PM 25102414 ER PT J AU Kim, SA Moore, LV Galuska, D Wright, AP Harris, D Grummer-Strawn, LM Merlo, CL Nihiser, AJ Rhodes, DG AF Kim, Sonia A. Moore, Latetia V. Galuska, Deborah Wright, Ashton P. Harris, Diane Grummer-Strawn, Laurence M. Merlo, Caitlin L. Nihiser, Allison J. Rhodes, Donna G. TI Vital Signs: Fruit and Vegetable Intake Among Children - United States, 2003-2010 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article ID DIETARY-INTAKE AB Background: Eating more fruits and vegetables adds underconsumed nutrients to diets, reduces the risks for leading causes of illness and death, and helps manage body weight. This report describes trends in the contributions of fruits and vegetables to the diets of children aged 2-18 years. Methods: CDC analyzed 1 day of 24-hour dietary recalls from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys from 2003 to 2010 to estimate trends in children's fruit and vegetable intake in cup-equivalents per 1,000 calories (CEPC) and trends by sex, age, race/ethnicity, family income to poverty ratio, and obesity status. Total fruit includes whole fruit (all fruit excluding juice) and fruit juice (from 100% juice, foods, and other beverages). Total vegetables include those encouraged in the Dietary Guidelines for Americans, 2010 (i.e., dark green, orange, and red vegetables and legumes), white potatoes, and all other vegetables. Results: Total fruit intake among children increased from 0.55 CEPC in 2003-2004 to 0.62 in 2009-2010 because of significant increases in whole fruit intake (0.24 to 0.40 CEPC). Over this period, fruit juice intake significantly decreased (0.31 to 0.22 CEPC). Total vegetable intake did not change (0.54 to 0.53 CEPC). No socio-demographic group met the Healthy People 2020 target of 1.1 CEPC vegetables, and only children aged 2-5 years met the target of 0.9 CEPC fruits. Conclusions: Children's total fruit intake increased because of increases in whole fruit consumption, but total vegetable intake remained unchanged. Implications for Public Health Practice: Increased attention to the policies and food environments in multiple settings, including schools, early care and education, and homes might help continue the progress in fruit intake and improve vegetable intake. C1 [Kim, Sonia A.; Moore, Latetia V.; Galuska, Deborah; Wright, Ashton P.; Harris, Diane; Grummer-Strawn, Laurence M.] CDC, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Merlo, Caitlin L.; Nihiser, Allison J.] CDC, Div Populat Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Rhodes, Donna G.] ARS, Food Surveys Res Grp, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. RP Kim, SA (reprint author), CDC, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM skim3@cdc.gov NR 24 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 1 U2 23 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL & PREVENTION PI ATLANTA PA MAILSTOP E-90, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD AUG 8 PY 2014 VL 63 IS 31 BP 671 EP 676 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AN6EH UT WOS:000340687200003 PM 25102415 ER PT J AU Ioannidis, JPA Khoury, MJ AF Ioannidis, John P. A. Khoury, Muin J. TI Assessing Value in Biomedical Research The PQRST of Appraisal and Reward SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Ioannidis, John P. A.] Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. [Ioannidis, John P. A.] Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Dept Hlth Res & Policy, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. [Ioannidis, John P. A.] Stanford Univ, Sch Humanities & Sci, Dept Stat, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. [Ioannidis, John P. A.] Stanford Univ, Meta Res Innovat Ctr Stanford METRICS, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. [Khoury, Muin J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Publ Hlth Genom, Atlanta, GA USA. [Khoury, Muin J.] NCI, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Ioannidis, JPA (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Stanford Prevent Res Ctr, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. EM jioannid@stanford.edu FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 8 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 17 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 330 N WABASH AVE, STE 39300, CHICAGO, IL 60611-5885 USA SN 0098-7484 EI 1538-3598 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD AUG 6 PY 2014 VL 312 IS 5 BP 483 EP 484 DI 10.1001/jama.2014.6932 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA AM4FL UT WOS:000339808600013 PM 24911291 ER PT J AU Watkins, DJ Eliot, M Sathyanarayana, S Calafat, AM Yolton, K Lanphear, BP Braun, JM AF Watkins, Deborah J. Eliot, Melissa Sathyanarayana, Sheela Calafat, Antonia M. Yolton, Kimberly Lanphear, Bruce P. Braun, Joseph M. TI Variability and Predictors of Urinary Concentrations of Phthalate Metabolites during Early Childhood SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID TEMPORAL VARIABILITY; BISPHENOL-A; RISK-ASSESSMENT; UNITED-STATES; CARE PRODUCTS; EXPOSURE; CHILDREN; HEALTH; ASSOCIATIONS; SAMPLES AB The variability and predictors of urinary concentrations of phthalate metabolites in preschool-aged children have not been thoroughly examined. Additionally, the impact of temporal changes in the use and restriction of phthalates in children's products has not been assessed. Our objective was to identify demographic, behavioral, and temporal predictors of urinary phthalate metabolite concentrations in young children. Between 2004 and 2011, we collected up to five urine samples from each of 296 children participating in a prospective birth cohort during annual study visits at ages 1 5 years. We used linear mixed models to calculate intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs), a measure of within-individual reproducibility, and identify demographic predictors of urinary phthalate metabolites. We used multi-variable linear regression to examine cross-sectional relationships between food packaging or personal care product use and phthalate metabolites measured at age 5 years. Across annual measurements, monoethyl phthalate exhibited the least variation (ICC = 0.38), while di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (Sigma DEHP) metabolites exhibited the most variation (ICC = 0.09). Concentrations changed with age, suggesting age-related changes in phthalate exposure and perhaps metabolism. Our findings suggest that fast food consumption may be a source of butylbenzyl phthalate and di-isononyl phthalate (DiNP) exposure, and some personal care products may be sources of diethyl phthalate exposure. Concentrations of Sigma DEHP metabolites decreased over the study period; however, concentrations of DiNP metabolites increased. This finding suggests that manufacturer practices and regulations, like the Consumer Product Safety Improvement Act of 2008, may decrease DEHP exposure, but additional work characterizing the nature and toxicity of replacements is critically needed. C1 [Watkins, Deborah J.; Eliot, Melissa; Braun, Joseph M.] Brown Univ, Dept Epidemiol, Providence, RI 02912 USA. [Sathyanarayana, Sheela] Univ Washington, Seattle Childrens Res Inst, Dept Pediat, Seattle, WA 98105 USA. [Sathyanarayana, Sheela] Univ Washington, Dept Environm & Occupat Hlth Sci, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Calafat, Antonia M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Lab Sci, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Yolton, Kimberly; Lanphear, Bruce P.] Cincinnati Childrens Hosp Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Div Gen & Community Pediat, Cincinnati, OH 45229 USA. [Lanphear, Bruce P.] Simon Fraser Univ, BC Childrens Hosp, Child & Family Res Inst, Vancouver, BC V5A 1S6, Canada. [Lanphear, Bruce P.] Simon Fraser Univ, Fac Hlth Sci, Vancouver, BC V5A 1S6, Canada. RP Braun, JM (reprint author), Brown Univ, Dept Epidemiol, Providence, RI 02912 USA. EM joseph_braun_1@brown.edu RI Braun, Joseph/H-8649-2014 FU NIEHS [R00 ES020346, PO1 ES11261, R01 ES014575, R01 ES020349] FX This work was supported by NIEHS grants R00 ES020346, PO1 ES11261, R01 ES014575, and R01 ES020349. We like to acknowledge the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) laboratory staff who performed the analyses. Disclaimer: The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 36 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 3 U2 26 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X EI 1520-5851 J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD AUG 5 PY 2014 VL 48 IS 15 SI SI BP 8881 EP 8890 DI 10.1021/es501744v PG 10 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AM7WY UT WOS:000340080600068 PM 24977926 ER PT J AU Katzourakis, A Aiewsakun, P Jia, HW Wolfe, ND LeBreton, M Yoder, AD Switzer, WM AF Katzourakis, Aris Aiewsakun, Pakorn Jia, Hongwei Wolfe, Nathan D. LeBreton, Matthew Yoder, Anne D. Switzer, William M. TI Discovery of prosimian and afrotherian foamy viruses and potential cross species transmissions amidst stable and ancient mammalian co-evolution SO RETROVIROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Paleovirology; Endogenous retrovirus; Foamy virus; Co-evolution; PSFVgal; PSFVaye; ChrEFV ID AYE DAUBENTONIA-MADAGASCARIENSIS; PHYLOGENETIC TREE SELECTION; ENV LEADER PROTEIN; REVERSE-TRANSCRIPTASE; SYNCYTIAL VIRUS; INFECTION; IDENTIFICATION; GENOME; PRIMATES; GENE AB Background: Foamy viruses (FVs) are a unique subfamily of retroviruses that are widely distributed in mammals. Owing to the availability of sequences from diverse mammals coupled with their pattern of codivergence with their hosts, FVs have one of the best-understood viral evolutionary histories ever documented, estimated to have an ancient origin. Nonetheless, our knowledge of some parts of FV evolution, notably that of prosimian and afrotherian FVs, is far from complete due to the lack of sequence data. Results: Here, we report the complete genome of the first extant prosimian FV (PSFV) isolated from a lorisiforme galago (PSFVgal), and a novel partial endogenous viral element with high sequence similarity to FVs, present in the afrotherian Cape golden mole genome (ChrEFV). We also further characterize a previously discovered endogenous PSFV present in the aye-aye genome (PSFVaye). Using phylogenetic methods and available FV sequence data, we show a deep divergence and stable co-evolution of FVs in eutherian mammals over 100 million years. Nonetheless, we found that the evolutionary histories of bat, aye-aye, and New World monkey FVs conflict with the evolutionary histories of their hosts. By combining sequence analysis and biogeographical knowledge, we propose explanations for these mismatches in FV-host evolutionary history. Conclusion: Our discovery of ChrEFV has expanded the FV host range to cover the whole eutherian clade, and our evolutionary analyses suggest a stable mammalian FV-host co-speciation pattern which extends as deep as the exafroplacentalian basal diversification. Nonetheless, two possible cases of host switching were observed. One was among New World monkey FVs, and the other involves PSFVaye and a bat FV which may involve cross-species transmission at the level of mammalian orders. Our results highlight the value of integrating multiple sources of information to elucidate the evolutionary history of viruses, including continental and geographical histories, ancestral host locations, in addition to the natural history of host and virus. C1 [Katzourakis, Aris; Aiewsakun, Pakorn] Univ Oxford, Dept Zool, Oxford OX1 3PS, England. [Jia, Hongwei; Switzer, William M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Lab Branch, Div HIV AIDS, Natl Ctr HIV Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Wolfe, Nathan D.] Metabiota, San Francisco, CA 94104 USA. [Wolfe, Nathan D.] Stanford Univ, Program Human Biol, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Wolfe, Nathan D.] Global Viral, San Francisco, CA 94104 USA. [LeBreton, Matthew] Mosaic Environm Hlth Data Technol, Yaounde, Cameroon. [Yoder, Anne D.] Duke Univ, Dept Biol, Durham, NC 27708 USA. RP Katzourakis, A (reprint author), Univ Oxford, Dept Zool, S Parks Rd, Oxford OX1 3PS, England. EM aris.katzourakis@zoo.ox.ac.uk OI Katzourakis, Aris/0000-0003-3328-6204 FU Faucett Family Foundation; Rawji Foundation; Global Viral Forecasting [ANRS12182/12255, NIH RO1 AI50529]; U.S. Department of Defense Armed Forces Health Surveillance Center, Division of Global Emerging Infections, Surveillance Operations (AFHSC GEIS); Defense Threat Reduction Agency Cooperative Biological Engagement Program (DTRA-CBEP); Department of Defense HIV/AIDS Prevention Program (DHAPP); Google.org; Skoll Foundation; U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) Emerging Pandemic Threats Program; PREDICT project [GHN-A-OO-09-00010-00]; Royal Thai Government; Royal Society FX We thank the seven U.S. zoos, including the San Diego Zoo, Zoo New England, the Gladys Porter Zoo, the Baltimore Zoo, the Detroit Zoo, and two other zoos that wish to remain anonymous, and the Duke Lemur Center for providing us with specimens for the study. We also thank David Sintasath and Michelle Sturgeon for help preparing nucleic acids from the potto DBS. Funding for this study was provided in part by the Faucett Family and Rawji Foundations and Global Viral Forecasting (ANRS12182/12255 and NIH RO1 AI50529), graciously supported by the U.S. Department of Defense Armed Forces Health Surveillance Center, Division of Global Emerging Infections, Surveillance Operations (AFHSC GEIS), the Defense Threat Reduction Agency Cooperative Biological Engagement Program (DTRA-CBEP), Department of Defense HIV/AIDS Prevention Program (DHAPP), Google.org, the Skoll Foundation, and the U.S. Agency for International Development (USAID) Emerging Pandemic Threats Program, PREDICT project, under the terms of Cooperative Agreement Number GHN-A-OO-09-00010-00. Use of trade names is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, the Public Health Service, or the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. P.A. is funded by the Royal Thai Government. AK is funded by the Royal Society. We thank R. Blakey for tectonic maps. This is DLC publication number 1273. NR 87 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 14 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1742-4690 J9 RETROVIROLOGY JI Retrovirology PD AUG 4 PY 2014 VL 11 AR 61 DI 10.1186/1742-4690-11-61 PG 17 WC Virology SC Virology GA AO1CM UT WOS:000341049500001 PM 25091111 ER PT J AU Fitzpatrick, JL Dyer, JL Blanton, JD Kuzmin, IV Rupprecht, CE AF Fitzpatrick, Jill L. Dyer, Jessie L. Blanton, Jesse D. Kuzmin, Ivan V. Rupprecht, Charles E. TI Rabies in rodents and lagomorphs in the United States, 1995-2010 SO JAVMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID ATLANTIC STATES; SURVEILLANCE AB Objective-To assess the epidemiology of rabies in rodents and lagomorphs and provide information that will enable public health officials to make recommendations regarding postexposure prophylaxis for humans after contact with these animals. Design-Cross-sectional epidemiological analysis. Sample-Rodents and lagomorphs submitted to state laboratories for rabies diagnosis from 1995 through 2010. Procedures-Positive samples were identified by use of direct fluorescent antibody testing, typed by sequencing of viral genes, and quantified via titration in mice or cell culture. Results-737 rabid rodents and lagomorphs were reported from 1995 through 2010, which represented a 62.3% increase, compared with the number of rabid rodents and lagomorphs reported from 1979 through 1994. The most commonly reported rodents or lagomorphs were groundhogs (Marmota monax). All animals submitted to the CDC for additional viral characterization were positive for the raccoon rabies virus variant. Infectious virus or viral RNA was detected in salivary glands or oral cavity tissues in 11 of 13 rabid rodents. Conclusions and Clinical Relevance-The increase in reported rabid rodents, compared with results of previous studies, appeared to be associated with spillover infections from the raccoon rabies epizootic during the first half of the study period. Analysis supported the assumption that rabies remained rare in rodents and lagomorphs. However, transmission of rabies virus via exposure to a rabid rodent or lagomorph may be possible. Given the rarity of rabies in these species, diagnostic testing and consideration of postexposure prophylaxis for humans with potential exposures should be considered on a case-by-case basis. C1 [Fitzpatrick, Jill L.; Dyer, Jessie L.; Blanton, Jesse D.; Kuzmin, Ivan V.; Rupprecht, Charles E.] CDC, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Blanton, JD (reprint author), CDC, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM asi5@cdc.gov NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 10 PU AMER VETERINARY MEDICAL ASSOC PI SCHAUMBURG PA 1931 N MEACHAM RD SUITE 100, SCHAUMBURG, IL 60173-4360 USA SN 0003-1488 EI 1943-569X J9 JAVMA-J AM VET MED A JI JAVMA-J. Am. Vet. Med. Assoc. PD AUG 1 PY 2014 VL 245 IS 3 BP 333 EP 337 PG 5 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA CA6CW UT WOS:000348997100024 PM 25029313 ER PT J AU Rohner, F Zimmermann, M Jooste, P Pandav, C Caldwell, K Raghavan, R Raiten, DJ AF Rohner, Fabian Zimmermann, Michael Jooste, Pieter Pandav, Chandrakant Caldwell, Kathleen Raghavan, Ramkripa Raiten, Daniel J. TI Biomarkers of Nutrition for Development-Iodine Review SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITION LA English DT Review ID NUTRIENT INTAKE DISTRIBUTIONS; SCHOOL-AGE-CHILDREN; THYROID-FUNCTION; URINARY IODINE; PREGNANT-WOMEN; DEFICIENCY DISORDERS; POPULATION-LEVEL; PROCESSED FOODS; ENDEMIC GOITER; DIETARY IODINE AB The objective of the Biomarkers of Nutrition for Development (BOND) project is to provide state-of-the-art information and service with regard to selection, use, and interpretation of biomarkers of nutrient exposure, status, function, and effect. Specifically, the BOND project seeks to develop consensus on accurate assessment methodologies that are applicable to researchers (laboratory/clinical/surveillance), clinicians, programmers, and policy makers (data consumers). The BOND project is also intended to develop targeted research agendas to support the discovery and development of biomarkers through improved understanding of nutrient biology within relevant biologic systems. In phase I of the BOND project, 6 nutrients (iodine, vitamin A, iron, zinc, folate, and vitamin B-12) were selected for their high public health importance because they typify the challenges faced by users in the selection, use, and interpretation of biomarkers. For each nutrient, an expert panel was constituted and charged with the development of a comprehensive review covering the respective nutrient's biology, existing biomarkers, and specific issues of use with particular reference to the needs of the individual user groups. In addition to the publication of these reviews, materials from each will be extracted to support the BOND interactive Web site (http://www.nichd.nih.gov/global_nutrition/programs/bond/pages/index.aspx). This review represents the first in the series of reviews and covers all relevant aspects of iodine biology and biomarkers. The article is organized to provide the reader with a full appreciation of iodine's background history as a public health issue, its biology, and an overview of available biomarkers and specific considerations for the use and interpretation of iodine biomarkers across a range of clinical and population-based uses. The review also includes a detailed research agenda to address priority gaps in our understanding of iodine biology and assessment. C1 [Rohner, Fabian] Groundwork LLC, Crans Pres Celigny, Switzerland. [Rohner, Fabian] Global Alliance Improved Nutr GAIN, Geneva, Switzerland. [Zimmermann, Michael] Swiss Fed Inst Technol, Inst Food Nutr & Hlth, Zurich, Switzerland. [Zimmermann, Michael] Int Council Control Iodine Deficiency Disorders I, Zurich, Switzerland. [Jooste, Pieter] North West Univ, Fac Hlth Sci, Ctr Excellence Nutr, Potchefstroom, South Africa. [Jooste, Pieter] ICCIDD Global Network, Southern Africa Off, Cape Town, South Africa. [Pandav, Chandrakant] All India Inst Med Sci, Ctr Community Med, New Delhi, India. [Pandav, Chandrakant] ICCIDD Global Network, South Asia Off, New Delhi, India. [Caldwell, Kathleen] CDC, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Raghavan, Ramkripa; Raiten, Daniel J.] Eunice Kennedy Shriver Natl Inst Child Hlth & Hum, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Raiten, DJ (reprint author), Eunice Kennedy Shriver Natl Inst Child Hlth & Hum, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM raitend@mail.nih.gov RI Zimmermann, Michael/C-3062-2016 FU Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation; PepsiCo; NIH Division of Nutrition Research Coordination; Office of Dietary Supplements, NIH FX Published in a supplement to The Journal of Nutrition. The Biomarkers of Nutrition for Development (BOND) project was developed by the nutrition program staff of the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) of the NIH within the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS). The initial 6 nutrients, iodine, vitamin A, iron, zinc, folate, and vitamin B-12, selected were chosen for their high public health importance. Expert panels on each nutrient were constituted and charged with developing comprehensive reviews for publication in the BOND series. The BOND program received its core funding from the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, PepsiCo, the NIH Division of Nutrition Research Coordination, and the Office of Dietary Supplements, NIH. The Supplement Coordinators for this supplement were Daniel J. Raiten and Ramkripa Raghavan (NICHD). Supplement NR 165 TC 30 Z9 31 U1 3 U2 21 PU AMER SOC NUTRITION-ASN PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-3166 EI 1541-6100 J9 J NUTR JI J. Nutr. PD AUG PY 2014 VL 144 IS 8 BP 1322S EP 1342S DI 10.3945/jn.113.181974 PG 21 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA AX1GU UT WOS:000346696700027 PM 24966410 ER PT J AU Royer, JA Hardin, JW McDermott, S Ouyang, L Mann, JR Ozturk, OD Bolen, J AF Royer, J. A. Hardin, J. W. McDermott, S. Ouyang, L. Mann, J. R. Ozturk, O. D. Bolen, J. TI Use of State Administrative Data Sources to Study Adolescents and Young Adults with Rare Conditions SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE adolescent health; health services research; utilization ID FRAGILE-X-SYNDROME; SPINA-BIFIDA; MUSCULAR-DYSTROPHY; UNITED-STATES; HEALTH-CARE; PREVALENCE; ACCURACY; CHILDREN; INFORMATION; TRANSITION AB BACKGROUND: Effective care of young people with rare conditions requires ongoing coordinated medical treatment as well as educational and social support services. However, information on treatment is often lacking due to limited data. South Carolina has a repository of comprehensive health and human service data with which individuals may be tracked across the data systems of multiple state agencies and organizations. OBJECTIVE: To develop a method for studying health care of young persons with rare conditions using this repository. METHODS: We identified individuals aged 15 to 24 years diagnosed during 2000-2010 with Fragile X syndrome (FXS), spina bifida (SB), or muscular dystrophy (MD) using a series of algorithms. ICD-9-CM codes were used to initially identify the cohort from medical billing data. Demographics, medical care, employment, education, and socioeconomic status data were then extracted from linked administrative sources. RESULTS: We identified 1,040 individuals with these rare conditions: 125 with FXS, 695 with SB, and 220 with MD. The vast majority of the cases (95 %) were identified in the Medicaid database. Half of the cohort was male, with a higher percentage in the FXS and MD groups. Sixty-two percent of the cohort was enrolled in the last year of high school. Over half of the cohort received support services from the state's disability and special-needs agency; 16 % received food assistance. Thirty-eight percent were employed at some point during the study period. Forty-nine individuals with SB and 56 with MD died during the study period. CONCLUSIONS: We used a linked statewide data system to study rare conditions. Strengths include the diversity of information, rigorous identification strategies, and access to longitudinal data. Despite limitations inherent to administrative data, we found that linked state data systems are valuable resources for investigating important public health questions on rare conditions. C1 [Royer, J. A.] South Carolina Budget & Control Board, Div Res & Stat, Columbia, SC 29201 USA. [Hardin, J. W.; McDermott, S.] Univ S Carolina, Arnold Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. [Ouyang, L.; Bolen, J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA USA. [Mann, J. R.] Univ S Carolina, Sch Med, Dept Family & Prevent Med, Columbia, SC USA. [Ozturk, O. D.] Univ S Carolina, Dept Econ, Moore Sch Business, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. RP Royer, JA (reprint author), South Carolina Budget & Control Board, Div Res & Stat, 1919 Blanding St, Columbia, SC 29201 USA. EM Julie.Royer@ors.sc.gov RI Hardin, James/Q-7617-2016 OI Hardin, James/0000-0003-0506-5500 FU NCBDD CDC HHS [5U01DD000776-03, U01 DD000776] NR 42 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 7 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0884-8734 EI 1525-1497 J9 J GEN INTERN MED JI J. Gen. Intern. Med. PD AUG PY 2014 VL 29 SU 3 BP S732 EP S738 DI 10.1007/s11606-014-2925-7 PG 7 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medicine, General & Internal SC Health Care Sciences & Services; General & Internal Medicine GA AU1XU UT WOS:000345411700004 PM 25029984 ER PT J AU Lankford, T Wallace, J Brown, D Soares, J Epping, JN Fridinger, F AF Lankford, Tina Wallace, Jana Brown, David Soares, Jesus Epping, Jacqueline N. Fridinger, Fred TI Analysis of Physical Activity Mass Media Campaign Design SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY & HEALTH LA English DT Article DE health behavior theory; communication; community engagement; workplace health ID BEHAVIOR; HEALTH; PROMOTION AB Background: Mass media campaigns are a necessary tool for public health practitioners to reach large populations and promote healthy behaviors. Most health scholars have concluded that mass media can significantly influence the health behaviors of populations; however the effects of such campaigns are typically modest and may require significant resources. A recent Community Preventive Services Task Force review on stand-alone mass media campaigns concluded there was insufficientevidence to determine their effectiveness in increasing physical activity, partly due to mixed methods and modest and inconsistent effects on levels of physical activity. Methods: A secondary analysis was performed on the campaigns evaluated in the Task Force review to determine use of campaign-building principles, channels, and levels of awareness and their impact on campaign outcomes. Each study was analyzed by 2 reviewers for inclusion of campaign building principles. Results: Campaigns that included 5 or more campaign principles were more likely to be successful in achieving physical activity outcomes. Conclusion: Campaign success is more likely if the campaign building principles (formative research, audience segmentation, message design, channel placement, process evaluation, and theory-based) are used as part of campaign design and planning. C1 [Lankford, Tina; Wallace, Jana; Brown, David; Soares, Jesus; Epping, Jacqueline N.; Fridinger, Fred] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Lankford, T (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM tfl4@cdc.gov NR 27 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 6 PU HUMAN KINETICS PUBL INC PI CHAMPAIGN PA 1607 N MARKET ST, PO BOX 5076, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61820-2200 USA SN 1543-3080 EI 1543-5474 J9 J PHYS ACT HEALTH JI J. Phys. Act. Health PD AUG PY 2014 VL 11 IS 6 BP 1065 EP 1069 DI 10.1123/jpah.2012-0303 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AT3LL UT WOS:000344836300001 PM 23963799 ER PT J AU Haegerich, TM Oman, RF Vesely, SK Aspy, CB Tolma, EL AF Haegerich, Tamara M. Oman, Roy F. Vesely, Sara K. Aspy, Cheryl B. Tolma, Eleni L. TI The Predictive Influence of Family and Neighborhood Assets on Fighting and Weapon Carrying from Mid- to Late Adolescence SO PREVENTION SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Youth violence; Assets; Family; Parenting; Neighborhood; Community ID YOUTH VIOLENCE; PERCEIVED NEIGHBORHOOD; COLLECTIVE EFFICACY; PARENTAL INFLUENCES; PREVENTION SCIENCE; RISK BEHAVIORS; COMMUNITY; DELINQUENCY; AGGRESSION; CHILDHOOD AB Using a developmental, social-ecological approach to understand the etiology of health-risk behavior and inform primary prevention efforts, we assess the predictive effects of family and neighborhood social processes on youth physical fighting and weapon carrying. Specifically, we focus on relationships among youth and their parents, family communication, parental monitoring, as well as sense of community and neighborhood informal social control, support, concerns, and disorder. This study advances knowledge through its investigation of family and neighborhood structural factors and social processes together, employment of longitudinal models that estimate effects over adolescent development, and use of self-report and observational measures. Data from 1,093 youth/parent pairs were analyzed from the Youth Assets Study using a Generalized Estimating Equation approach; family and neighborhood assets and risks were analyzed as time varying and lagged. Similar family assets affected physical fighting and weapon carrying, whereas different neighborhood social processes influenced the two forms of youth violence. Study findings have implications for the primary prevention of youth violence, including the use of familybased approaches that build relationships and parental monitoring skills and community-level change approaches that promote informal social control and reduce neighborhood concerns about safety. C1 [Haegerich, Tamara M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Unintent Injury Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Oman, Roy F.; Vesely, Sara K.; Aspy, Cheryl B.; Tolma, Eleni L.] Univ Oklahoma, Hlth Sci Ctr, Oklahoma City, OK USA. RP Haegerich, TM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Unintent Injury Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, 4770 Buford Highway MS F-62, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM eqd4@cdc.gov OI Vesely, Sara/0000-0003-3448-0156 FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 59 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 11 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1389-4986 EI 1573-6695 J9 PREV SCI JI Prev. Sci. PD AUG PY 2014 VL 15 IS 4 BP 473 EP 484 DI 10.1007/s11121-013-0400-z PG 12 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AT3AF UT WOS:000344805500004 PM 23677457 ER PT J AU Fent, KW Eisenberg, J Snawder, J Sammons, D Pleil, JD Stiegel, MA Mueller, C Horn, GP Dalton, J AF Fent, Kenneth W. Eisenberg, Judith Snawder, John Sammons, Deborah Pleil, Joachim D. Stiegel, Matthew A. Mueller, Charles Horn, Gavin P. Dalton, James TI Systemic Exposure to PAHs and Benzene in Firefighters Suppressing Controlled Structure Fires SO ANNALS OF OCCUPATIONAL HYGIENE LA English DT Article DE aromatic hydrocarbons; benzene; biomarkers; dermal exposure; exhaled breath; firefighters; PAHs; urine ID POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; ASPHALT PAVING WORKERS; ENVIRONMENTAL EXPOSURE; DERMAL EXPOSURE; CANCER-RISK; ABSORPTION; BREATH; BIOMARKERS; PENETRATION; EXHAUST AB Turnout gear provides protection against dermal exposure to contaminants during firefighting; however, the level of protection is unknown. We explored the dermal contribution to the systemic dose of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and other aromatic hydrocarbons in firefighters during suppression and overhaul of controlled structure burns. The study was organized into two rounds, three controlled burns per round, and five firefighters per burn. The firefighters wore new or laundered turnout gear tested before each burn to ensure lack of PAH contamination. To ensure that any increase in systemic PAH levels after the burn was the result of dermal rather than inhalation exposure, the firefighters did not remove their self-contained breathing apparatus until overhaul was completed and they were > 30 m upwind from the burn structure. Specimens were collected before and at intervals after the burn for biomarker analysis. Urine was analyzed for phenanthrene equivalents using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and a benzene metabolite (s-phenylmercapturic acid) using liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry; both were adjusted by creatinine. Exhaled breath collected on thermal desorption tubes was analyzed for PAHs and other aromatic hydrocarbons using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. We collected personal air samples during the burn and skin wipe samples (corn oil medium) on several body sites before and after the burn. The air and wipe samples were analyzed for PAHs using a liquid chromatography with photodiode array detection. We explored possible changes in external exposures or biomarkers over time and the relationships between these variables using non-parametric sign tests and Spearman tests, respectively. We found significantly elevated (P < 0.05) post-exposure breath concentrations of benzene compared with pre-exposure concentrations for both rounds. We also found significantly elevated post-exposure levels of PAHs on the neck compared with pre-exposure levels for round 1. We found statistically significant positive correlations between external exposures (i.e. personal air concentrations of PAHs) and biomarkers (i.e. change in urinary PAH metabolite levels in round 1 and change in breath concentrations of benzene in round 2). The results suggest that firefighters wearing full protective ensembles absorbed combustion products into their bodies. The PAHs most likely entered firefighters' bodies through their skin, with the neck being the primary site of exposure and absorption due to the lower level of dermal protection afforded by hoods. Aromatic hydrocarbons could have been absorbed dermally during firefighting or inhaled during the doffing of gear that was off-gassing contaminants. C1 [Fent, Kenneth W.; Eisenberg, Judith; Mueller, Charles] NIOSH, Div Surveillance Hazard Evaluat & Field Studies, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Snawder, John; Sammons, Deborah] NIOSH, Div Appl Res & Technol, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Pleil, Joachim D.] US Environm Protect Agcy, Human Exposure & Atmospher Sci Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Stiegel, Matthew A.] Gillings Sch Global Publ, Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Horn, Gavin P.] Univ Illinois, Illinois Fire Serv Inst, Champaign, IL 61820 USA. [Dalton, James] Chicago Fire Dept, Training Div, Res & Dev Sect, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. RP Fent, KW (reprint author), NIOSH, Div Surveillance Hazard Evaluat & Field Studies, 4676 Columbia Pkwy, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM kfent@cdc.gov OI Pleil, Joachim/0000-0001-8211-0796 FU National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) by National Occupational Research Agenda; NIOSH Human Subjects Review Board FX National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) by intramural award under the National Occupational Research Agenda; NIOSH Human Subjects Review Board. NR 48 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 5 U2 35 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0003-4878 EI 1475-3162 J9 ANN OCCUP HYG JI Ann. Occup. Hyg. PD AUG PY 2014 VL 58 IS 7 BP 830 EP 845 DI 10.1093/annhyg/meu036 PG 16 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA AS4IY UT WOS:000344239400004 PM 24906357 ER PT J AU Stabile, L Cauda, E Marini, S Buonanno, G AF Stabile, Luca Cauda, Emanuele Marini, Sara Buonanno, Giorgio TI Metrological Assessment of a Portable Analyzer for Monitoring the Particle Size Distribution of Ultrafine Particles SO ANNALS OF OCCUPATIONAL HYGIENE LA English DT Article DE diesel particulate matter; dioctyl phthalate particles; laboratory SMPS; metrological assessment; Nanoscan SMPS; occupational aerosol; particle size distribution; portable analyzer; total particle number concentration; ultrafine particles ID AEROSOL MEASUREMENTS; ELECTRICAL MOBILITY; TRANSITION REGIME; AIR-POLLUTION; EXPOSURE; MASS; NANOPARTICLES; INSTRUMENT; COMPARABILITY; MORPHOLOGY AB Adverse health effects caused by worker exposure to ultrafine particles have been detected in recent years. The scientific community focuses on the assessment of ultrafine aerosols in different microenvironments in order to determine the related worker exposure/dose levels. To this end, particle size distribution measurements have to be taken along with total particle number concentrations. The latter are obtainable through hand-held monitors. A portable particle size distribution analyzer (Nanoscan SMPS 3910, TSI Inc.) was recently commercialized, but so far no metrological assessment has been performed to characterize its performance with respect to well-established laboratory-based instruments such as the scanning mobility particle sizer (SMPS) spectrometer. The present paper compares the aerosol monitoring capability of the Nanoscan SMPS to the laboratory SMPS in order to evaluate whether the Nanoscan SMPS is suitable for field experiments designed to characterize particle exposure in different microenvironments. Tests were performed both in a Marple calm air chamber, where fresh diesel particulate matter and atomized dioctyl phthalate particles were monitored, and in microenvironments, where outdoor, urban, indoor aged, and indoor fresh aerosols were measured. Results show that the Nanoscan SMPS is able to properly measure the particle size distribution for each type of aerosol investigated, but it overestimates the total particle number concentration in the case of fresh aerosols. In particular, the test performed in the Marple chamber showed total concentrations up to twice those measured by the laboratory SMPS-likely because of the inability of the Nanoscan SMPS unipolar charger to properly charge aerosols made up of aggregated particles. Based on these findings, when field test exposure studies are conducted, the Nanoscan SMPS should be used in tandem with a condensation particle counter in order to verify and correct the particle size distribution data. C1 [Stabile, Luca; Marini, Sara; Buonanno, Giorgio] Univ Cassino & Southern Lazio, Dept Civil & Mech Engn, I-03043 Cassino, Italy. [Cauda, Emanuele] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Inst Occupat Safety & Hlth, US Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Publ Hlth Serv,Off Mine Safety & Hlth Res, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. [Buonanno, Giorgio] Queensland Univ Technol, Inst Hlth & Biomed Innovat, Int Lab Air Qual & Hlth, Brisbane, Qld 4001, Australia. RP Cauda, E (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Inst Occupat Safety & Hlth, US Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Publ Hlth Serv,Off Mine Safety & Hlth Res, 626 Cochrans Mill Rd, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. EM ecauda@cdc.gov FU National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health project [Particulate Measurement and Characterization in Mining (CAN)] [0927ZJGG] FX National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health project [Particulate Measurement and Characterization in Mining (CAN# 0927ZJGG)]. NR 70 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 3 U2 25 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0003-4878 EI 1475-3162 J9 ANN OCCUP HYG JI Ann. Occup. Hyg. PD AUG PY 2014 VL 58 IS 7 BP 860 EP 876 DI 10.1093/annhyg/meu025 PG 17 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA AS4IY UT WOS:000344239400006 PM 24817159 ER PT J AU Bradley, H Tapia, V Kamb, ML Newman, LM Garcia, PJ Serruya, SJ Fort, AL Broutet, N Nelson, R Kirkcaldy, RD Gonzales, GF AF Bradley, Heather Tapia, Vilma Kamb, Mary L. Newman, Lori M. Garcia, Patricia J. Serruya, Suzanne J. Fort, Alfredo L. Broutet, Nathalie Nelson, Robert Kirkcaldy, Robert D. Gonzales, Gustavo F. TI Can the Perinatal Information System in Peru be used to measure the proportion of adverse birth outcomes attributable to maternal syphilis infection? SO REVISTA PANAMERICANA DE SALUD PUBLICA-PAN AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Syphilis, congenital; stillbirth; public health surveillance; Peru ID PREGNANCY; METAANALYSIS AB Objective. To describe the capacity of Peru's Perinatal Information System (Sistema Informatico Perinatal, SIP) to provide estimates for monitoring the proportion of stillbirths and other adverse birth outcomes attributable to maternal syphilis. Methods. A descriptive study was conducted to assess the quality and completeness of SIP data from six Peruvian public hospitals that used the SIP continuously from 2000-2010 and had maternal syphilis prevalence of at least 0.5% during that period. In-depth interviews were conducted with Peruvian stakeholders about their experiences using the SIP. Results. Information was found on 123 575 births from 2000-2010 and syphilis test results were available for 99 840 births. Among those 99 840 births, there were 1 075 maternal syphilis infections (1.1%) and 619 stillbirths (0.62%). Among women with syphilis infection in pregnancy, 1.7% had a stillbirth, compared to 0.6% of women without syphilis infection. Much of the information needed to estimate the proportion of stillbirths attributable to maternal syphilis was available in the SIP, with the exception of syphilis treatment information, which was not collected. However, SIP data collection is complex and time-consuming for clinicians. Data were unlinked across hospitals and not routinely used or quality-checked. Despite these limitations, the SIP data examined were complete and valid; in 98% of records, information on whether or not the infant was stillborn was the same in both the SIP and clinical charts. Nearly 89% of women had the same syphilis test result in clinical charts and the SIP. Conclusions. The large number of syphilis infections reported in Peru's SIP and the ability to link maternal characteristics to newborn outcomes make the system potentially useful for monitoring the proportion of stillbirths attributable to congenital syphilis in Peru. To ensure good data quality and sustainability of Peru's SIP, data collection should be simplified and information should be continually quality-checked and used for the benefit of participating facilities. C1 [Bradley, Heather; Kamb, Mary L.; Nelson, Robert; Kirkcaldy, Robert D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Tapia, Vilma; Gonzales, Gustavo F.] Univ Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Sch Sci & Philosophy, Lima, Peru. [Newman, Lori M.; Broutet, Nathalie] WHO, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. [Garcia, Patricia J.] Univ Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Sch Publ Hlth & Adm, Epidemiol Unit, Lima, Peru. [Serruya, Suzanne J.] Pan Amer Hlth Org, Ctr Latinoamer Perinatol Salud Mujer & Reprod, Montevideo, Uruguay. [Fort, Alfredo L.] IntraHlth Int, Arlington, VA USA. RP Bradley, H (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM iyk5@cdc.gov RI Gonzales , Gustavo/I-9153-2016 OI Gonzales , Gustavo/0000-0003-1611-2894 FU World Health Organization [001] NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU PAN AMER HEALTH ORGANIZATION PI WASHINGTON PA 525 23RD ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20037 USA SN 1020-4989 J9 REV PANAM SALUD PUBL JI Rev. Panam. Salud Publica PD AUG PY 2014 VL 36 IS 2 BP 73 EP 79 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AS8AR UT WOS:000344473400001 PM 25345527 ER PT J AU Glynn, MK Brink, N AF Glynn, M. K. Brink, N. TI Perspectives on One Health: a survey of national Delegates to the World Organisation for Animal Health, 2012 SO REVUE SCIENTIFIQUE ET TECHNIQUE-OFFICE INTERNATIONAL DES EPIZOOTIES LA English DT Article DE Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations; International agency; OIE; One Health; Public-private sector partnership; United Nations; Veterinary medicine; Veterinary Services; World Health Organization; World Organisation for Animal Health; Zoonosis ID RABIES AB In 2012, the World Organisation for Animal Health (OIE) surveyed all 178 national Delegates to better understand the perceptions and priorities of Veterinary Services with respectto One Health efforts and to guide future work in that area. For the purposes of this survey, the concept or practice of One Health was defined as 'the intersectoral collaborative approach to preventing, detecting, and controlling diseases among animals and humans, including the collaboration among the institutions and systems that support their prevention, detection and control'. A total of 120 OIE Delegates, representing countries from all five OIE regions, responded to the survey. Delegates identified zoonoses, rabies and influenza as high-priority disease areas and disease reporting and food safety as high-priority programme areas for One Health approaches. Veterinary Services participated in joint programmes, involving these priority disease and programme areas, with national intersectoral partners. Delegates reported barriers to implementing One Health approaches, including a lack of resources, the complexity of collaboration, inadequate capacity within their Veterinary Services, and a lack, of adequate legislation, policy, guidance and political will for One Health activities. Delegates supported OIE efforts to enhance One Health activities, and requested that the OIE and partners provide technical information and advice and conduct training and capacity-building seminars for One Health. Veterinary Services cannot effectively apply One Health approaches at the national level without effective partnerships across sectors. The OIE can serve as a model for countries by continuing its commitment to these intersectoral partnerships at the international level. C1 [Glynn, M. K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Glynn, M. K.] World Org Anim Hlth, F-75017 Paris, France. [Brink, N.] Off Publ Vet Hlth & Consumer Protect, Rheingau Taunus Kreis, Hessen, Germany. RP Glynn, MK (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd MS E-92, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM mjg6@cdc.gov NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU OFFICE INT EPIZOOTIES PI PARIS PA 12 RUE DE PRONY, 75017 PARIS, FRANCE SN 0253-1933 J9 REV SCI TECH OIE JI Rev. Sci. Tech. Off. Int. Epizoot. PD AUG PY 2014 VL 33 IS 2 BP 433 EP 441 PG 9 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA AR8SP UT WOS:000343845000007 PM 25707174 ER PT J AU Gonzalez-Casanova, I Sarmiento, OL Pratt, M Gazmararian, JA Martorell, R Cunningham, SA Stein, A AF Gonzalez-Casanova, Ines Sarmiento, Olga Lucia Pratt, Michael Gazmararian, Julie A. Martorell, Reynaldo Cunningham, Solveig A. Stein, Aryeh TI Individual, Family, and Community Predictors of Overweight and Obesity Among Colombian Children and Adolescents SO PREVENTING CHRONIC DISEASE LA English DT Article ID CHILDHOOD OBESITY; GROWTH AB Introduction Information from high-income countries is often used to design childhood obesity prevention interventions in low-and middle-income countries, even though determinants may differ greatly between settings. Methods We examined the associations of individual, family (household), and community (municipality) characteristics with body mass index (BMI) z scores and likelihood of overweight among children aged 5 to 18 years measured for the Colombian National Nutrition surveys of 2005 (n = 9,119) and 2010 (n = 21,520). We used 3-level hierarchical linear models with child as level 1, household as level 2, and municipality as level 3. Results The prevalence of combined overweight and obesity among Colombian children and adolescents was 15.7% in 2005 and 16.6% in 2010. The household level explained 40% in 2005 and 31% in 2010 of the variability in BMI z scores. Wealth was positively associated with BMI in 2005 (0.09 increase in z score per wealth quintile) and 2010 (0.13 increase in z score per wealth quintile) (P <.01). Children and adolescents from extended families had higher BMI z scores than those from nuclear families; BMI z scores were inversely associated with the number of family members living in the same household. The municipality level explained only between 2% and 3% of the variability in BMI. Income inequality was positively associated with BMI z scores in 2010. Conclusion These patterns differ from those commonly described in high-income countries and suggest more appropriate opportunities for interventions to prevent child and adolescent obesity in Colombia and other Latin American settings and populations. C1 [Gonzalez-Casanova, Ines] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Hubert Dept Global Hlth, Nutr & Hlth Sci Program, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Sarmiento, Olga Lucia; Pratt, Michael] Univ Los Andes, Fac Med, Bogota, Colombia. [Pratt, Michael; Gazmararian, Julie A.; Martorell, Reynaldo; Cunningham, Solveig A.; Stein, Aryeh] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Pratt, Michael] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Gonzalez-Casanova, I (reprint author), Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Hubert Dept Global Hlth, Nutr & Hlth Sci Program, 1518 Clifton Rd NE,7000H, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. EM igonza2@emory.edu OI Stein, Aryeh/0000-0003-1138-6458; Sarmiento, Olga/0000-0002-9190-3568 FU US Agency for International Development; United Nations Population Fund; Colombian Institute of Family Welfare; Colombia's Ministry of Social Protection; Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia of Mexico; Coca-Cola Company; Center for Community Partnerships from Emory University FX The Demographic and Health Survey of Colombia 2005 was funded by the US Agency for International Development, the United Nations Population Fund, the Colombian Institute of Family Welfare, and Colombia's Ministry of Social Protection. Support for Ines Gonzalez Casanova's doctoral studies at Emory University was partially provided by the Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia of Mexico, by the Coca-Cola Company via an unrestricted training grant to the CDC Foundation, and the Center for Community Partnerships from Emory University. NR 26 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1545-1151 J9 PREV CHRONIC DIS JI Prev. Chronic Dis. PD AUG PY 2014 VL 11 AR E153 DI 10.5888/pcd11.140065 PG 12 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AR3XK UT WOS:000343522300004 ER PT J AU Salvo, D Reis, RS Stein, AD Rivera, J Martorell, R Pratt, M AF Salvo, Deborah Reis, Rodrigo S. Stein, Areyh D. Rivera, Juan Martorell, Reynaldo Pratt, Michael TI Characteristics of the Built Environment in Relation to Objectively Measured Physical Activity Among Mexican Adults, 2011 SO PREVENTING CHRONIC DISEASE LA English DT Article ID NEIGHBORHOOD WALKABILITY; WALKING BEHAVIOR; CURITIBA; DISEASES; LEISURE; SCIENCE; BURDEN; BOGOTA; BRAZIL; TIME AB Introduction The built environment correlates of physical activity are documented in high-income countries but have yet to be studied among Mexican adults. Our objectives were to assess the associations between characteristics of the built environment and physical activity among adults in Cuernavaca, Mexico, and to examine potential moderation by perceived park and neighborhood safety. Methods We conducted a population-based study of adults in Cuernavaca, Mexico, in 2011 (N = 677). Participants wore Actigraph GT3X accelerometers for 7 days. We used geographic information systems (GIS) to generate 500-m- and 1-km-buffer-based measures of net residential density, proportion of commercial land use, land-use mix, connectivity, walkability, and number of parks and transit routes. We also obtained data on distance to the nearest park with GIS. Perceived neighborhood and park safety were self-reported. We created quartile-based categories for all built environment characteristics and ran linear regression models to estimate the association between each characteristic and total weekly moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and MVPA within 10-minute bouts. Results Walkability was inversely related to total weekly minutes of MVPA (1-km buffer, -46.9 [standard error, 20.0]; P =.03) and weekly minutes of MVPA within bouts (500-m buffer, -31.5 [12.9]; P =.02). The number of transit routes in the 500-m buffer was inversely related to total weekly minutes of MVPA (-23.8 [10.6]; P =.04). Perception of park safety moderated the association between physical activity and having a park intersect the 500-m buffer. Conclusion Our findings contrast with those from high-income countries, suggesting that environmental programs and policies to increase physical activity in Mexican cities cannot be adapted from high-income countries without considering the local context. C1 [Salvo, Deborah; Rivera, Juan] Natl Inst Publ Hlth Mexico, Nutr & Hlth Res Ctr, Cuernavaca 62100, Morelos, Mexico. [Reis, Rodrigo S.] Pontificia Univ Catolica Parana, Curitiba, Parana, Brazil. [Reis, Rodrigo S.] Univ Fed Parana, BR-80060000 Curitiba, Parana, Brazil. [Salvo, Deborah; Stein, Areyh D.; Martorell, Reynaldo; Pratt, Michael] Emory Univ, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Pratt, Michael] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Salvo, Deborah] Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Stanford Prevent Res Ctr, Stanford, CA USA. RP Salvo, D (reprint author), Natl Inst Publ Hlth Mexico, Nutr & Hlth Res Ctr, Av Univ 655,Col Sta Maria Ahuacatitlan, Cuernavaca 62100, Morelos, Mexico. EM deborah.salvo@insp.mx RI Reis, Rodrigo/F-7447-2012 OI Reis, Rodrigo/0000-0002-9872-9865 FU CDC Foundation; Coca-Cola Company FX This work was supported by the CDC Foundation, which received an unrestricted training grant from The Coca-Cola Company. We thank Catalina Torres, Hugo Rodriguez, Lilian Perez, Andrea Ramirez, and our field workers for essential logistic support. NR 30 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 18 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1545-1151 J9 PREV CHRONIC DIS JI Prev. Chronic Dis. PD AUG PY 2014 VL 11 AR E147 DI 10.5888/pcd11.140047 PG 16 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AR3XK UT WOS:000343522300003 PM 25167092 ER PT J AU Stevens, A Courtney-Long, E Gillespie, C Armour, BS AF Stevens, Alissa Courtney-Long, Elizabeth Gillespie, Cathleen Armour, Brian S. TI Hypertension Among US Adults by Disability Status and Type, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2001-2010 SO PREVENTING CHRONIC DISEASE LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES AB The prevalence of hypertension among people with disabilities is not well understood. We combined data from the 2001-2010 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey to obtain estimates of hypertension prevalence by disability status and type (cognitive, hearing, vision, or mobility limitation) and assess the association between disability and hypertension. Overall, 34% of adults with disabilities had hypertension compared with 27% of adults without disabilities; adults with mobility limitations were more likely to have hypertension than adults without disabilities (adjusted prevalence ratio: 1.23; 95% confidence interval: 1.16-1.32). Our results suggest that adults living with disabilities are an important subpopulation to include in hypertension reporting and intervention efforts. C1 [Courtney-Long, Elizabeth; Armour, Brian S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Human Dev & Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Gillespie, Cathleen] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Heart Dis & Stroke Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Stevens, A (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Human Dev & Disabil, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mail Stop E-88, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM astevens@cdc.gov NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1545-1151 J9 PREV CHRONIC DIS JI Prev. Chronic Dis. PD AUG PY 2014 VL 11 AR E139 DI 10.5888/pcd11.140162 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AR3XK UT WOS:000343522300010 PM 25121351 ER PT J AU Dominguez, SR Dolan, SA West, K Dantes, RB Epson, E Friedman, D Littlehorn, CA Arms, LE Walton, K Servetar, E Frank, DN Kotter, CV Dowell, E Gould, CV Hilden, JM Todd, JK AF Dominguez, Samuel R. Dolan, Susan A. West, Kelly Dantes, Raymund B. Epson, Erin Friedman, Deborah Littlehorn, Cynthia A. Arms, Lesley E. Walton, Karen Servetar, Ellen Frank, Daniel N. Kotter, Cassandra V. Dowell, Elaine Gould, Carolyn V. Hilden, Joanne M. Todd, James K. TI High Colonization Rate and Prolonged Shedding of Clostridium difficile in Pediatric Oncology Patients SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Editorial Material DE Clostridium difficile; pediatric; oncology; colonization; surveillance ID RISK-FACTORS; INFECTION; CHILDREN; IMPACT AB Surveillance testing for Clostridium difficile among pediatric oncology patients identified stool colonization in 29% of patients without gastrointestinal symptoms and in 55% of patients with prior C. difficile infection (CDI). A high prevalence of C. difficile colonization and diarrhea complicates the diagnosis of CDI in this population. C1 [Dominguez, Samuel R.; Todd, James K.] Childrens Hosp Colorado, Dept Pediat Infect Dis, Aurora, CO USA. [Dominguez, Samuel R.; Dolan, Susan A.; West, Kelly; Todd, James K.] Childrens Hosp Colorado, Dept Epidemiol, Aurora, CO USA. [Friedman, Deborah; Walton, Karen; Servetar, Ellen; Hilden, Joanne M.] Childrens Hosp Colorado, Dept Pediat Hematol Oncol Bone Marrow Transplant, Aurora, CO USA. [Friedman, Deborah; Walton, Karen; Servetar, Ellen] Childrens Hosp Colorado, Dept Nursing, Aurora, CO USA. [Littlehorn, Cynthia A.; Arms, Lesley E.; Dowell, Elaine] Childrens Hosp Colorado, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Aurora, CO USA. [Frank, Daniel N.; Kotter, Cassandra V.] Childrens Hosp Colorado, Dept Adult Infect Dis, Aurora, CO USA. [Frank, Daniel N.; Kotter, Cassandra V.] Univ Colorado, Sch Med, Aurora, CO USA. [Dantes, Raymund B.; Epson, Erin] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. [Dantes, Raymund B.; Gould, Carolyn V.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. [Epson, Erin] Colorado Dept Publ Hlth & Environm, Denver, CO USA. RP Dominguez, SR (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Sch Med, Childrens Hosp Colorado, Dept Pediat,Sect Infect Dis, 13123 E 16th Ave,B055, Aurora, CO 80045 USA. EM samuel.dominguez@childrenscolorado.org NR 11 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 EI 1537-6591 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD AUG 1 PY 2014 VL 59 IS 3 BP 401 EP 403 DI 10.1093/cid/ciu302 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA AQ6KG UT WOS:000342919700013 PM 24785235 ER PT J AU Fry, AM Kim, IK Reed, C Thompson, M Chaves, SS Finelli, L Bresee, J AF Fry, Alicia M. Kim, Inkyu K. Reed, Carrie Thompson, Mark Chaves, Sandra S. Finelli, Lyn Bresee, Joseph TI Modeling the Effect of Different Vaccine Effectiveness Estimates on the Number of Vaccine-Prevented Influenza-Associated Hospitalizations in Older Adults SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Editorial Material DE influenza; vaccine effectiveness; older adults; hospitalization ID SEASONAL INFLUENZA; UNITED-STATES; TRIAL AB We compared influenza vaccine-prevented hospitalizations in adults aged >= 65 years for a range of hypothetical effectiveness estimates. During 2012-2013, a vaccine with 10% effectiveness (66% coverage) would have averted approximately 13 000 hospitalizations, and a vaccine with 40% effectiveness would have averted approximately 60 000 hospitalizations. Annual vaccination is merited in this vulnerable population. C1 [Fry, Alicia M.; Kim, Inkyu K.; Reed, Carrie; Thompson, Mark; Chaves, Sandra S.; Finelli, Lyn; Bresee, Joseph] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Kim, Inkyu K.] Battelle Mem Inst, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Fry, AM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS A-32, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM afry@cdc.gov NR 13 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 2 U2 3 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 EI 1537-6591 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD AUG 1 PY 2014 VL 59 IS 3 BP 406 EP 409 DI 10.1093/cid/ciu328 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA AQ6KG UT WOS:000342919700015 PM 24803379 ER PT J AU Kakuru, A Achan, J Muhindo, MK Ikilezi, G Arinaitwe, E Mwangwa, F Ruel, T Clark, TD Charlebois, E Rosenthal, PJ Havlir, D Kamya, MR Tappero, JW Dorsey, G AF Kakuru, Abel Achan, Jane Muhindo, Mary K. Ikilezi, Gloria Arinaitwe, Emmanuel Mwangwa, Florence Ruel, Theodore Clark, Tamara D. Charlebois, Edwin Rosenthal, Philip J. Havlir, Diane Kamya, Moses R. Tappero, Jordan W. Dorsey, Grant TI Artemisinin-Based Combination Therapies Are Efficacious and Safe for Treatment of Uncomplicated Malaria in HIV-Infected Ugandan Children SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE ACTs; malaria; HIV; children; ART ID PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM MALARIA; ARTESUNATE PLUS AMODIAQUINE; MECHANISM-BASED INHIBITION; ARTEMETHER-LUMEFANTRINE; DIHYDROARTEMISININ-PIPERAQUINE; PHARMACOKINETIC EXPOSURE; THERAPEUTIC-EFFICACY; CYTOCHROME-P450 3A4; HEALTHY-VOLUNTEERS; EFAVIRENZ AB Background. Artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs) are highly efficacious and safe, but data from human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected children concurrently receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) and ACTs are limited. Methods. We evaluated 28-day outcomes following malaria treatment with artemether-lumefantrine (AL) or dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine (DP) in 2 cohorts of HIV-infected Ugandan children taking various ART regimens. In one cohort, children <6 years of age were randomized to lopinavir/ritonavir (LPV/r) or nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor-based ART and treated with AL for uncomplicated malaria. In another cohort, children <12 months of age were started on nevirapine-based ART if they were eligible, and randomized to AL or DP for the treatment of their first and all subsequent uncomplicated malaria episodes. Results. There were 773 and 165 treatments for malaria with AL and DP, respectively. Initial response to therapy was excellent, with 99% clearance of parasites and <1% risk of repeat therapy within 3 days. Recurrent parasitemia within 28 days was common following AL treatment. The risk of recurrent parasitemia was significantly lower among children taking LPV/r-based ART compared with children taking nevirapine-based ART following AL treatment (15.3% vs 35.5%, P = .009), and those treated with DP compared with AL (8.6% vs 36.2%, P < .001). Both ACT regimens were safe and well tolerated. Conclusions. Treatment of uncomplicated malaria with AL or DP was efficacious and safe in HIV-infected children taking ART. However, there was a high risk of recurrent parasitemia following AL treatment, which was significantly lower in children taking LPV/r-based ART compared with nevirapine-based ART. C1 [Kakuru, Abel; Achan, Jane; Muhindo, Mary K.; Ikilezi, Gloria; Arinaitwe, Emmanuel; Mwangwa, Florence] Makerere Univ, Coll Hlth Sci, Infect Dis Res Collaborat, Kampala, Uganda. [Achan, Jane] Makerere Univ, Coll Hlth Sci, Dept Pediat & Child Hlth, Kampala, Uganda. [Ruel, Theodore; Havlir, Diane] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Pediat, San Francisco, CA USA. [Clark, Tamara D.; Charlebois, Edwin; Rosenthal, Philip J.; Dorsey, Grant] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Med, San Francisco, CA USA. [Kamya, Moses R.] Makerere Univ, Coll Hlth Sci, Dept Med, Kampala, Uganda. [Tappero, Jordan W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global AIDS Program, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Kakuru, A (reprint author), Infect Dis Res Collaborat, POB 749, Tororo, Uganda. EM abelkakuru@gmail.com FU National Institutes of Health [P01 HD059454]; US President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [U62P024421]; National Center for HIV, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention; Global AIDS Program; Doris Duke Charitable Foundation; Clinical Scientist Development Award FX The PROMOTE study was supported by the National Institutes of Health (P01 HD059454). The study drug, lopinavir/ritonavir, was donated by Abbott Laboratories. The TCC study was supported by the US President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (cooperative agreement U62P024421); National Center for HIV, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention; Global AIDS Program; and Doris Duke Charitable Foundation (G. D. is a recipient of the Clinical Scientist Development Award). NR 40 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 5 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 EI 1537-6591 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD AUG 1 PY 2014 VL 59 IS 3 BP 446 EP 453 DI 10.1093/cid/ciu286 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA AQ6KG UT WOS:000342919700021 PM 24759826 ER PT J AU Zhu, QY Kosoy, M Olival, KJ Dittmar, K AF Zhu, Qiyun Kosoy, Michael Olival, Kevin J. Dittmar, Katharina TI Horizontal Transfers and Gene Losses in the Phospholipid Pathway of Bartonella Reveal Clues about Early Ecological Niches SO GENOME BIOLOGY AND EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE Bartonella; horizontal gene transfer; gene loss; phospholipid pathway; intracellularity; host association ID BAT FLIES DIPTERA; RIBOSOMAL-RNA GENE; PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; MAXIMUM-LIKELIHOOD; HOST ASSOCIATIONS; SP-NOV.; EVOLUTION; BACTERIAL; HIPPOBOSCOIDEA AB Bartonellae are mammalian pathogens vectored by blood-feeding arthropods. Although of increasing medical importance, little is known about their ecological past, and host associations are underexplored. Previous studies suggest an influence of horizontal gene transfers in ecological niche colonization by acquisition of host pathogenicity genes. We here expand these analyses to metabolic pathways of 28 Bartonella genomes, and experimentally explore the distribution of bartonellae in 21 species of blood-feeding arthropods. Across genomes, repeated gene losses and horizontal gains in the phospholipid pathway were found. The evolutionary timing of these patterns suggests functional consequences likely leading to an early intracellular lifestyle for stem bartonellae. Comparative phylogenomic analyses discover three independent lineage-specific reacquisitions of a core metabolic gene-NAD(P)H-dependent glycerol-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (gpsA)-from Gammaproteobacteria and Epsilonproteobacteria. Transferred genes are significantly closely related to invertebrate Arsenophonus-, and Serratia-like endosymbionts, and mammalian Helicobacter-like pathogens, supporting a cellular association with arthropods and mammals at the base of extant Bartonella spp. Our studies suggest that the horizontal reacquisitions had a key impact on bartonellae lineage specific ecological and functional evolution. C1 [Zhu, Qiyun; Dittmar, Katharina] SUNY Buffalo, Dept Biol Sci, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. [Kosoy, Michael] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Olival, Kevin J.] EcoHealth Alliance, New York, NY USA. [Dittmar, Katharina] SUNY Buffalo, Grad Program Evolut Ecol & Behav, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. RP Zhu, QY (reprint author), SUNY Buffalo, Dept Biol Sci, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. EM qiyunzhu@buffalo.edu; kd52@buffalo.edu FU National Science Foundation [DEB 1050793] FX This work was supported by the National Science Foundation, DEB 1050793, to K.D. The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest. NR 81 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 15 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1759-6653 J9 GENOME BIOL EVOL JI Genome Biol. Evol. PD AUG PY 2014 VL 6 IS 8 BP 2156 EP 2169 DI 10.1093/gbe/evu169 PG 14 WC Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA AQ7EY UT WOS:000342976600021 PM 25106622 ER PT J AU Galor, A Eberhard, ML AF Galor, Anat Eberhard, Mark L. TI Follow-up on Anterior Chamber Angiostrongyliasis SO JAMA OPHTHALMOLOGY LA English DT Letter C1 [Galor, Anat] Miami Vet Adm Med Ctr, Dept Ophthalmol, Miami, FL USA. [Galor, Anat] Bascom Palmer Eye Inst, Miami, FL 33136 USA. [Eberhard, Mark L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Parasit Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Galor, A (reprint author), Bascom Palmer Eye Inst, 900 NW 17th St, Miami, FL 33136 USA. EM agalor@med.miami.edu NR 1 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 330 N WABASH AVE, STE 39300, CHICAGO, IL 60611-5885 USA SN 2168-6165 EI 2168-6173 J9 JAMA OPHTHALMOL JI JAMA Ophthalmol. PD AUG PY 2014 VL 132 IS 8 BP 1029 EP 1030 PG 3 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA AQ8EX UT WOS:000343058000026 PM 25124954 ER PT J AU Rossen, LM Schoendorf, KC AF Rossen, Lauren M. Schoendorf, Kenneth C. TI Trends in Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Infant Mortality Rates in the United States, 1989-2006 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article ID LOW-BIRTH-WEIGHT; PRETERM BIRTH; GESTATIONAL-AGE; DEATH-SYNDROME; INEQUALITIES; POSITION; CARE AB Objectives. We sought to measure overall disparities in pregnancy outcome, incorporating data from the many race and ethnic groups that compose the US population, to improve understanding of how disparities may have changed over time. Methods. We used Birth Cohort Linked Birth-Infant Death Data Files from US Vital Statistics from 1989-1990 and 2005-2006 to examine multigroup indices of racial and ethnic disparities in the overall infant mortality rate (IMR), preterm birth rate, and gestational age-specific IMRs. We calculated selected absolute and relative multigroup disparity metrics weighting subgroups equally and by population size. Results. Overall IMR decreased on the absolute scale, but increased on the population-weighted relative scale. Disparities in the preterm birth rate decreased on both the absolute and relative scales, and across equally weighted and population-weighted indices. Disparities in preterm IMR increased on both the absolute and relative scales. Conclusions. Infant mortality is a common bellwether of general and maternal and child health. Despite significant decreases in disparities in the preterm birth rate, relative disparities in overall and preterm IMRs increased significantly over the past 20 years. C1 [Rossen, Lauren M.; Schoendorf, Kenneth C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Infant Child & Womens Hlth Stat Branch, Off Anal & Epidemiol, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD USA. RP Rossen, LM (reprint author), Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Off Anal & Epidemiol, 3311 Toledo Rd,Room 6114, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. EM lrossen@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 36 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 11 PU AMER PUBLIC HEALTH ASSOC INC PI WASHINGTON PA 800 I STREET, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20001-3710 USA SN 0090-0036 EI 1541-0048 J9 AM J PUBLIC HEALTH JI Am. J. Public Health PD AUG PY 2014 VL 104 IS 8 BP 1549 EP 1556 DI 10.2105/AJPH.2013.301272 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AP1EY UT WOS:000341811000054 PM 24028239 ER PT J AU Lavinghouze, SR Snyder, K Rieker, PP AF Lavinghouze, S. Rene Snyder, Kimberly Rieker, Patricia P. TI The Component Model of Infrastructure: A Practical Approach to Understanding Public Health Program Infrastructure SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article ID TOBACCO CONTROL; SYSTEMS SCIENCE; MANAGEMENT; LEADERSHIP; NETWORKS; SMOKING; LESSONS AB Functioning program infrastructure is necessary for achieving public health outcomes. It is what supports program capacity, implementation, and sustainability. The public health program infrastructure model presented in this article is grounded in data from a broader evaluation of 18 state tobacco control programs and previous work. The newly developed Component Model of Infrastructure (CMI) addresses the limitations of a previous model and contains 5 core components (multilevel leadership, managed resources, engaged data, responsive plans and planning, networked partnerships) and 3 supporting components (strategic understanding, operations, contextual influences). The CMI is a practical, implementation-focused model applicable across public health programs, enabling linkages to capacity, sustainability, and outcome measurement. C1 [Lavinghouze, S. Rene] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Off Smoking & Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Snyder, Kimberly] ICF Int, Atlanta, GA USA. [Rieker, Patricia P.] Boston Univ, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Rieker, Patricia P.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA USA. RP Lavinghouze, SR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Smoking & Hlth, 4770 Buford Highway F79, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM RLavinghouze@cdc.gov FU CDC FX K. Snyder and P. Rieker were supported under contract by funding through the CDC. Funding for the case study discussed in this work was provided by the CDC. State Tobacco Control and Prevention Program funding was provided through the CDC. NR 46 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 9 PU AMER PUBLIC HEALTH ASSOC INC PI WASHINGTON PA 800 I STREET, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20001-3710 USA SN 0090-0036 EI 1541-0048 J9 AM J PUBLIC HEALTH JI Am. J. Public Health PD AUG PY 2014 VL 104 IS 8 BP E14 EP E24 DI 10.2105/AJPH.2014.302033 PG 11 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AP1EY UT WOS:000341811000009 PM 24922125 ER PT J AU Chen, AM Yolton, K Rauch, SA Webster, GM Hornung, R Sjodin, A Dietrich, KN Lanphear, BP AF Chen, Aimin Yolton, Kimberly Rauch, Stephen A. Webster, Glenys M. Hornung, Richard Sjoedin, Andreas Dietrich, Kim N. Lanphear, Bruce P. TI Prenatal Polybrominated Diphenyl Ether Exposures and Neurodevelopment in U.S. Children through 5 Years of Age: The HOME Study SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Article ID PBDE FLAME RETARDANTS; ATTENTION-DEFICIT/HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER; THYROID-HORMONE; IN-VITRO; PREGNANT-WOMEN; BREAST-MILK; ASSOCIATIONS; POPULATION AB Background: Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are persistent chemicals that have been widely used as flame retardants in furniture, carpet padding, car seats, and other consumer products during the past three decades. Objective: We examined whether in utero exposure to PBDEs is associated with child cognitive function and behavior in a U.S. study sample. Methods: In a prospective birth cohort, we measured maternal serum concentrations of BDE-47 and other PBDE congeners in 309 women at 16 weeks of gestation during 2003-2006 and followed their children in Cincinnati, Ohio. We measured cognitive and motor abilities using the Bayley Scales of Infant Development-II at ages 1, 2, and 3 years; intelligence using the Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence-III at age 5 years; and children's behaviors using the Behavioral Assessment System for Children-2 annually at ages 2-5 years. We used linear mixed models or generalized estimating equations with adjustment for potential confounders to estimate associations between these outcomes and log(10)-transformed PBDE concentrations. Results: The geometric mean of BDE-47 in maternal serum (20.1 ng/g lipid) was comparable with U.S. adult national reference values. Prenatal BDE-47 was not significantly associated with Bayley Mental or Psychomotor Development Indices at 1-3 years, but a 10-fold increase in prenatal BDE-47 was associated with a 4.5-point decrease (95% CI: -8.8, -0.1) in Full-Scale IQ and a 3.3-point increase (95% CI: 0.3, 6.3) in the hyperactivity score at age 5 years. Conclusions: Prenatal exposure to PBDEs was associated with lower IQ and higher hyperactivity scores in children. C1 [Chen, Aimin; Dietrich, Kim N.] Univ Cincinnati, Coll Med, Div Epidemiol & Biostat, Dept Environm Hlth, Cincinnati, OH 45267 USA. [Yolton, Kimberly; Hornung, Richard] Cincinnati Childrens Hosp, Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Div Gen & Community Pediat, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Rauch, Stephen A.; Webster, Glenys M.; Lanphear, Bruce P.] Simon Fraser Univ, BC Childrens & Womens Hosp, Child & Family Res Inst, Vancouver, BC, Canada. [Rauch, Stephen A.; Webster, Glenys M.; Lanphear, Bruce P.] Simon Fraser Univ, Fac Hlth Sci, Vancouver, BC, Canada. [Sjoedin, Andreas] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Chen, AM (reprint author), Univ Cincinnati, Coll Med, Div Epidemiol & Biostat, Dept Environm Hlth, POB 670056, Cincinnati, OH 45267 USA. EM aimin.chen@uc.edu RI Sjodin, Andreas/F-2464-2010 FU National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) [P01 ES11261, R01 ES014575, R01 ES020349]; Passport Foundation FX This work was supported by grants from the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS; P01 ES11261, R01 ES014575, and R01 ES020349) and the Passport Foundation. NR 47 TC 41 Z9 41 U1 9 U2 43 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 EI 1552-9924 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD AUG PY 2014 VL 122 IS 8 BP 856 EP 862 DI 10.1289/ehp.1307562 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA AO9XL UT WOS:000341713800023 PM 24870060 ER PT J AU Stingone, JA Luben, TJ Daniels, JL Fuentes, M Richardson, DB Aylsworth, AS Herring, AH Anderka, M Botto, L Correa, A Gilboa, SM Langlois, PH Mosley, B Shaw, GM Siffel, C Olshan, AF AF Stingone, Jeanette A. Luben, Thomas J. Daniels, Julie L. Fuentes, Montserrat Richardson, David B. Aylsworth, Arthur S. Herring, Amy H. Anderka, Marlene Botto, Lorenzo Correa, Adolfo Gilboa, Suzanne M. Langlois, Peter H. Mosley, Bridget Shaw, Gary M. Siffel, Csaba Olshan, Andrew F. CA Natl Birth Defects Prevention Stud TI Maternal Exposure to Criteria Air Pollutants and Congenital Heart Defects in Offspring: Results from the National Birth Defects Prevention Study SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Article ID POLLUTION; ANOMALIES; PREGNANCY; RISK; MALFORMATIONS; CALIFORNIA; DISEASE AB Background: Epidemiologic literature suggests that exposure to air pollutants is associated with fetal development. Objectives: We investigated maternal exposures to air pollutants during weeks 2-8 of pregnancy and their associations with congenital heart defects. Methods: Mothers from the National Birth Defects Prevention Study, a nine-state case-control study, were assigned 1-week and 7-week averages of daily maximum concentrations of carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide, ozone, and sulfur dioxide and 24-hr measurements of fine and coarse particulate matter using the closest air monitor within 50 km to their residence during early pregnancy. Depending on the pollutant, a maximum of 4,632 live-birth controls and 3,328 live-birth, fetal-death, or electively terminated cases had exposure data. Hierarchical regression models, adjusted for maternal demographics and tobacco and alcohol use, were constructed. Principal component analysis was used to assess these relationships in a multipollutant context. Results: Positive associations were observed between exposure to nitrogen dioxide and coarctation of the aorta and pulmonary valve stenosis. Exposure to fine particulate matter was positively associated with hypoplastic left heart syndrome but inversely associated with atrial septal defects. Examining individual exposure-weeks suggested associations between pollutants and defects that were not observed using the 7-week average. Associations between left ventricular outflow tract obstructions and nitrogen dioxide and between hypoplastic left heart syndrome and particulate matter were supported by findings from the multipollutant analyses, although estimates were attenuated at the highest exposure levels. Conclusions: Using daily maximum pollutant levels and exploring individual exposure-weeks revealed some positive associations between certain pollutants and defects and suggested potential windows of susceptibility during pregnancy. C1 [Stingone, Jeanette A.; Daniels, Julie L.; Richardson, David B.; Olshan, Andrew F.] UNC Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Luben, Thomas J.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Fuentes, Montserrat] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Stat, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Aylsworth, Arthur S.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Pediat, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Aylsworth, Arthur S.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Pediat Genet, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Herring, Amy H.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Biostat, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Anderka, Marlene] Massachusetts Dept Publ Hlth, Massachusetts Ctr Birth Defects Res & Prevent, Boston, MA USA. [Botto, Lorenzo] Univ Utah, Dept Genet & Pediat, Salt Lake City, UT USA. [Correa, Adolfo] Univ Mississippi, Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Jackson, MS 39216 USA. [Gilboa, Suzanne M.; Siffel, Csaba] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA USA. [Langlois, Peter H.] Texas Dept State Hlth Serv, Texas Ctr Birth Defects Res & Prevent, Austin, TX USA. [Mosley, Bridget] Univ Arkansas Med Sci, Arkansas Ctr Birth Defects Res & Prevent, Little Rock, AR 72205 USA. [Shaw, Gary M.] Stanford Univ, Dept Pediat, Sch Med, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RP Stingone, JA (reprint author), Icahn Sch Med Mt Sinai, Dept Prevent Med, Box 1057,17 East 102nd St,2nd Floor 2 West, New York, NY 10029 USA. EM jeanette.stingone@mssm.edu FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention in National Birth Defects Prevention Study [U50CCU422096]; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [P30ES010126, T32ES007018]; Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Development [T32HD052468] FX This study was supported in part through cooperative agreements under Program Announcement 02081 from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention to the centers participating in the National Birth Defects Prevention Study including cooperative agreement U50CCU422096. Additionally, this research was supported in part by grants from the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (P30ES010126 and T32ES007018) and by the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Development (T32HD052468). NR 33 TC 19 Z9 21 U1 2 U2 24 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 EI 1552-9924 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD AUG PY 2014 VL 122 IS 8 BP 863 EP 872 DI 10.1289/ehp.1307289 PG 10 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA AO9XL UT WOS:000341713800024 PM 24727555 ER PT J AU Rusiecki, JA Thomas, DL Chen, LG Funk, R McKibben, J Dayton, MR AF Rusiecki, Jennifer A. Thomas, Dana L. Chen, Ligong Funk, Renee McKibben, Jodi Dayton, Melburn R. TI Disaster-Related Exposures and Health Effects Among US Coast Guard Responders to Hurricanes Katrina and Rita A Cross-Sectional Study SO JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID POSTTRAUMATIC-STRESS-DISORDER; NEW-ORLEANS; MENTAL-HEALTH; RISK-FACTORS; WORK PERFORMANCE; RESCUE WORKERS; SLEEP DURATION; FIREFIGHTERS; VOLUNTEERS; EARTHQUAKE AB Objective: Disaster responders work among poorly characterized physical and psychological hazards with little understood regarding health consequences of their work. Methods: A survey administered to 2834 US Coast Guard responders to Hurricanes Katrina and Rita provided data on exposures and health effects. Prevalence odds ratios (PORs) evaluated associations between baseline characteristics, missions, exposures, and health effects. Results: Most frequent exposures were animal/insect vector (n = 1309; 46%) and floodwater (n = 817; 29%). Most frequent health effects were sunburn (n = 1119; 39%) and heat stress (n = 810; 30%). Significant positive associations were for mold exposure and sinus infection (POR = 10.39); carbon monoxide and confusion (POR = 6.27); lack of sleep and slips, trips, falls (POR = 3.34) and depression (POR = 3.01); being a Gulf-state responder and depression (POR = 3.22). Conclusions: Increasing protection for disaster responders requires provisions for adequate sleep, personal protective equipment, and access to medical and psychological support. C1 [Rusiecki, Jennifer A.; Chen, Ligong; McKibben, Jodi] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Prevent Med & Biometr, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Thomas, Dana L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging Zoonot & Infect Dis, Div Vector Borne Dis, Dengue Branch, San Juan, PR USA. [Rusiecki, Jennifer A.; Thomas, Dana L.; Dayton, Melburn R.] US CoastGuard, Directorate Hlth Safety & Work Life, Washington, DC USA. [Funk, Renee] NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Emergency Preparedness & Response Off, Atlanta, GA USA. [McKibben, Jodi] W Chester Univ, Dept Psychol, W Chester, PA USA. RP Rusiecki, JA (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Prevent Med & Biometr, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. EM Jennifer.rusiecki@usuhs.edu NR 45 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 5 U2 15 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1076-2752 EI 1536-5948 J9 J OCCUP ENVIRON MED JI J. Occup. Environ. Med. PD AUG PY 2014 VL 56 IS 8 BP 820 EP 833 DI 10.1097/JOM.0000000000000188 PG 14 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AP1IU UT WOS:000341823200007 PM 25099408 ER PT J AU Li, ZN Lin, SC Carney, PJ Li, J Liu, F Lu, XH Liu, M Stevens, J Levine, M Katz, JM Hancock, K AF Li, Zhu-Nan Lin, Seh-Ching Carney, Paul J. Li, Ji Liu, Feng Lu, Xiuhua Liu, Merry Stevens, James Levine, Min Katz, Jacqueline M. Hancock, Kathy TI IgM, IgG, and IgA Antibody Responses to Influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 Hemagglutinin in Infected Persons during the First Wave of the 2009 Pandemic in the United States SO CLINICAL AND VACCINE IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID LINKED-IMMUNOSORBENT-ASSAY; A-VIRUS; MEMBRANE GLYCOPROTEIN; NEUTRALIZING EPITOPE; ANTIGENIC STRUCTURE; HEALTHY-ADULTS; CHILDREN; VACCINES; SUBTYPE; HUMANS AB The novel influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 virus caused an influenza pandemic in 2009. IgM, IgG, and IgA antibody responses to A(H1N1)pdm09 hemagglutinin (HA) following A(H1N1)pdm09 virus infection were analyzed to understand antibody isotype responses. Age-matched control sera collected from U.S. residents in 2007 and 2008 were used to establish baseline levels of cross-reactive antibodies. IgM responses often used as indicators of primary virus infection were mainly detected in young patient groups (<= 5 years and 6 to 15 years old), not in older age groups, despite the genetic and antigenic differences between the HA of A(H1N1)pdm09 virus and pre-2009 seasonal H1N1 viruses. IgG and IgA responses to A(H1N1)pdm09 HA were detected in all age groups of infected persons. In persons 17 to 80 years old, paired acute-and convalescent-phase serum samples demonstrated >= 4-fold increases in the IgG and IgA responses to A(H1N1)pdm09 HA in 80% and 67% of A(H1N1)pdm09 virus-infected persons, respectively. The IgG antibody response to A(H1N1)pdm09 HA was cross-reactive with HAs from H1, H3, H5, and H13 subtypes, suggesting that infections with subtypes other than A(H1N1)pdm09 might result in false positives by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Lower sensitivity compared to hemagglutination inhibition and microneutralization assays and the detection of cross-reactive antibodies against homologous and heterologous subtype are major drawbacks for the application of ELISA in influenza serologic studies. C1 [Li, Zhu-Nan; Carney, Paul J.; Li, Ji; Liu, Feng; Lu, Xiuhua; Stevens, James; Levine, Min; Katz, Jacqueline M.; Hancock, Kathy] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Lin, Seh-Ching; Liu, Merry] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Sci Resources Div, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Li, ZN (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM hix7@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX This study was fully supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 44 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 5 U2 14 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 1556-6811 EI 1556-679X J9 CLIN VACCINE IMMUNOL JI Clin. Vaccine Immunol. PD AUG PY 2014 VL 21 IS 8 BP 1054 EP 1060 DI 10.1128/CVI.00129-14 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA AO8SH UT WOS:000341624000004 PM 24872516 ER PT J AU Halpern, MD Molins, CR Schriefer, M Jewett, MW AF Halpern, Micah D. Molins, Claudia R. Schriefer, Martin Jewett, Mollie W. TI Simple Objective Detection of Human Lyme Disease Infection Using Immuno-PCR and a Single Recombinant Hybrid Antigen SO CLINICAL AND VACCINE IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ACQUIRING SURFACE-PROTEINS; BORRELIA-BURGDORFERI; IR6 PEPTIDE; SERODIAGNOSIS; FIBRONECTIN; DIAGNOSIS; ASSAY; VLSE; OSPC; GENE AB A serology-based tiered approach has, to date, provided the most effective means of laboratory confirmation of clinically suspected cases of Lyme disease, but it lacks sensitivity in the early stages of disease and is often dependent on subjectively scored immunoblots. We recently demonstrated the use of immuno-PCR (iPCR) for detecting Borrelia burgdorferi antibodies in patient serum samples that were positive for Lyme disease. To better understand the performance of the Lyme disease iPCR assay, the repeatability and variability of the background of the assay across samples from a healthy population (n = 36) were analyzed. Both of these parameters were found to have coefficients of variation of < 3%. Using eight antigen-specific iPCR assays and positive call thresholds established for each assay, iPCR IgM and/or IgG diagnosis from Lyme disease patient serum samples (n = 12) demonstrated a strong correlation with that of 2-tier testing. Furthermore, a simplified iPCR approach using a single hybrid antigen and detecting only IgG antibodies confirmed the 2-tier diagnosis in the Lyme disease patient serum samples (n = 12). Validation of the hybrid antigen IgG iPCR assay using a blinded panel of Lyme disease and non-Lyme disease patient serum samples (n = 92) resulted in a sensitivity of 69% (95% confidence interval [CI], 50% to 84%), compared to that of the 2-tier analysis at 59% (95% CI, 41% to 76%), and a specificity of 98% (95% CI, 91% to 100%) compared to that of the 2-tier analysis at 97% (95% CI, 88% to 100%). A single-tier hybrid antigen iPCR assay has the potential to be an improved method for detecting host-generated antibodies against B. burgdorferi. C1 [Halpern, Micah D.; Jewett, Mollie W.] Univ Cent Florida, Coll Med, Burnett Sch Biomed Sci, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. [Molins, Claudia R.; Schriefer, Martin] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, Bacterial Dis Branch, Diagnost & Reference Lab, Ft Collins, CO USA. RP Jewett, MW (reprint author), Univ Cent Florida, Coll Med, Burnett Sch Biomed Sci, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. EM mollie.jewett@ucf.edu FU National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases of the National Institutes of Health [R01AI099094]; UCF College of Medicine FX The research reported in this publication was supported, in part, by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases of the National Institutes of Health under award R01AI099094 (to M.W.J.) and a 2012-2013 UCF College of Medicine competitive research grant (to M.W.J.). NR 42 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 9 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 1556-6811 EI 1556-679X J9 CLIN VACCINE IMMUNOL JI Clin. Vaccine Immunol. PD AUG PY 2014 VL 21 IS 8 BP 1094 EP 1105 DI 10.1128/CVI.00245-14 PG 12 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA AO8SH UT WOS:000341624000009 PM 24899074 ER PT J AU Alarcon, J Cleghorn, EJ Rodriguez, EM Hughes, SE Oxtoby, MJ AF Alarcon, Jemma Cleghorn, Eric J. Rodriguez, Edwin M. Hughes, Stephen E. Oxtoby, Margaret J. TI Completion of Primary Care Referrals Among New York State Refugees SO JOURNAL OF IMMIGRANT AND MINORITY HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Refugee; Referral; Follow-up; Primary care; United States ID EMERGENCY AB An important component of the New York State Refugee Health Program's (NYSRHP) mission is to ensure refugees with identified medial conditions are referred to primary and specialty care. A programmatic evaluation was conducted to assess the completion rate for primary care referral appointments made during the initial domestic health assessment among refugees in NYS (exclusive of New York City). Upon arrival in NYS, refugees may receive a domestic health assessment by one of NYSRHP contracted providers. As part of the assessment, referrals for primary and specialty care may be assigned. From July 2010 to June 2011, 69 % of NYS-bound refugees that received a primary care referral by a NYSRHP contracted provider completed their appointment. C1 [Alarcon, Jemma; Cleghorn, Eric J.; Rodriguez, Edwin M.; Hughes, Stephen E.; Oxtoby, Margaret J.] New York State Dept Hlth, Bur TB Control, Albany, NY 12237 USA. [Alarcon, Jemma; Cleghorn, Eric J.; Rodriguez, Edwin M.; Hughes, Stephen E.; Oxtoby, Margaret J.] New York State Dept Hlth, Refugee Hlth Program, Albany, NY USA. [Alarcon, Jemma] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Publ Hlth Associate Program, Field Serv Off, Atlanta, GA USA. [Rodriguez, Edwin M.; Oxtoby, Margaret J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Div TB Eliminat, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Alarcon, J (reprint author), New York State Dept Hlth, Bur TB Control, Room 557,Corning Tower,Empire State Plaza, Albany, NY 12237 USA. EM jemma.alarcon@gmail.com; ejc01@health.state.ny.us NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1557-1912 EI 1557-1920 J9 J IMMIGR MINOR HEALT JI J. Immigr. Minor. Health PD AUG PY 2014 VL 16 IS 4 BP 743 EP 746 DI 10.1007/s10903-013-9899-0 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AO9PG UT WOS:000341687100023 PM 23955169 ER PT J AU Colley, DG Secor, WE AF Colley, D. G. Secor, W. E. TI Immunology of human schistosomiasis SO PARASITE IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Review DE diagnosis; immune response; immunoregulation; pathology; resistance to reinfection; schistosomiasis ID T-HELPER-2 CYTOKINE RESPONSES; OCCUPATIONALLY EXPOSED ADULTS; IMMUNE-RESPONSES; HAEMATOBIUM INFECTION; MANSONI INFECTION; IMMUNOGLOBULIN-E; IGE RESPONSES; WORM ANTIGENS; INTERLEUKIN-5 PRODUCTION; GRANULOMA-FORMATION AB There is a wealth of immunologic studies that have been carried out in experimental and human schistosomiasis that can be classified into three main areas: immunopathogenesis, resistance to reinfection and diagnostics. It is clear that the bulk of, if not all, morbidity due to human schistosomiasis results from immune-response-based inflammation against eggs lodged in the body, either as regulated chronic inflammation or resulting in fibrotic lesions. However, the exact nature of these responses, the antigens to which they are mounted and the mechanisms of the critical regulatory responses are still being sorted out. It is also becoming apparent that protective immunity against schistosomula as they develop into adult worms develops slowly and is hastened by the dying of adult worms, either naturally or when they are killed by praziquantel. However, as with anti-egg responses, the responsible immune mechanisms and inducing antigens are not clearly established, nor are any potential regulatory responses known. Finally, a wide variety of immune markers, both cellular and humoral, can be used to demonstrate exposure to schistosomes, and immunologic measurement of schistosome antigens can be used to detect, and thus diagnose, active infections. All three areas contribute to the public health response to human schistosome infections. C1 [Colley, D. G.] Univ Georgia, Ctr Trop & Emerging Global Dis, Dept Microbiol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Secor, W. E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Colley, DG (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Ctr Trop & Emerging Global Dis, 500 DW Brooks Dr,Room 330B, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM dcolley@uga.edu FU NIH [R01 AI-053695]; University of Georgia Research Foundation, Inc. - Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation FX The writing of this seminar received financial support from NIH grant R01 AI-053695 and the University of Georgia Research Foundation, Inc., which was funded by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 146 TC 21 Z9 25 U1 7 U2 26 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0141-9838 EI 1365-3024 J9 PARASITE IMMUNOL JI Parasite Immunol. PD AUG PY 2014 VL 36 IS 8 SI SI BP 347 EP 357 DI 10.1111/pim.12087 PG 11 WC Immunology; Parasitology SC Immunology; Parasitology GA AP1JU UT WOS:000341826200004 PM 25142505 ER PT J AU Pak, BJ Vasquez-Camargo, F Kalinichenko, E Chiodini, PL Nutman, TB Tanowitz, HB McAuliffe, I Wilkins, P Smith, PT Ward, BJ Libman, MD Ndao, M AF Pak, Brian J. Vasquez-Camargo, Fabio Kalinichenko, Evgeniya Chiodini, Peter L. Nutman, Thomas B. Tanowitz, Herbert B. McAuliffe, Isabel Wilkins, Patricia Smith, Paul T. Ward, Brian J. Libman, Michael D. Ndao, Momar TI Development of a Rapid Serological Assay for the Diagnosis of Strongyloidiasis Using a Novel Diffraction-Based Biosensor Technology SO PLOS NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES LA English DT Article ID LINKED-IMMUNOSORBENT-ASSAY; STERCORALIS INFECTION; STOOL SPECIMENS; SPECIFICITY; HYPERINFECTION; SERODIAGNOSIS; SENSITIVITY; COMMUNITY; ELISA; IMMUNODIAGNOSIS AB Background: Strongyloidiasis is a persistent human parasitic infection caused by the intestinal nematode, Strongyloides stercoralis. The parasite has a world-wide distribution, particularly in tropical and subtropical regions with poor sanitary conditions. Since individuals with strongyloidiasis are typically asymptomatic, the infection can persist for decades without detection. Problems arise when individuals with unrecognized S. stercoralis infection are immunosuppressed, which can lead to hyper-infection syndrome and disseminated disease with an associated high mortality if untreated. Therefore a rapid, sensitive and easy to use method of diagnosing Strongyloides infection may improve the clinical management of this disease. Methodology/Principal Findings: An immunological assay for diagnosing strongyloidiasis was developed on a novel diffraction-based optical bionsensor technology. The test employs a 31-kDa recombinant antigen called NIE derived from Strongyloides stercoralis L3-stage larvae. Assay performance was tested using retrospectively collected sera from patients with parasitologically confirmed strongyloidiasis and control sera from healthy individuals or those with other parasitoses including schistosomiasis, trichinosis, echinococcosis or amebiasis who were seronegative using the NIE ELISA assay. If we consider the control group as the true negative group, the assay readily differentiated S. stercoralis-infected patients from controls detecting 96.3% of the positive cases, and with no cross reactivity observed in the control group These results were in excellent agreement (kappa = 0.98) with results obtained by an NIE-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). A further 44 sera from patients with suspected S. stercoralis infection were analyzed and showed 91% agreement with the NIE ELISA. Conclusions/Significance: In summary, this test provides high sensitivity detection of serum IgG against the NIE Strongyloides antigen. The assay is easy to perform and provides results in less than 30 minutes, making this platform amenable to rapid near-patient screening with minimal technical expertise. C1 [Pak, Brian J.; Kalinichenko, Evgeniya; Smith, Paul T.] Axela Inc, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Vasquez-Camargo, Fabio; Ward, Brian J.; Libman, Michael D.; Ndao, Momar] McGill Univ, Res Inst, Natl Reference Ctr Parasitol, Ctr Hlth, Montreal, PQ, Canada. [Chiodini, Peter L.] Univ Coll London Hosp, Hosp Trop Dis, Dept Clin Parasitol, London, England. [Chiodini, Peter L.] London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, London WC1, England. [Nutman, Thomas B.] NIAID, Parasit Dis Lab, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Tanowitz, Herbert B.] Albert Einstein Coll Med, Dept Med Pathol, Bronx, NY 10467 USA. [McAuliffe, Isabel; Wilkins, Patricia] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Ward, Brian J.; Libman, Michael D.; Ndao, Momar] McGill Univ, Dept Med, JD MacLean Ctr Trop Dis, Montreal, PQ, Canada. RP Pak, BJ (reprint author), Axela Inc, Toronto, ON, Canada. EM momar.ndao@mcgill.ca OI Chiodini, Peter/0000-0003-0317-7090 FU Public Health Agency of Canada/National Microbiology Laboratory [HT070-010033]; Foundation of the Montreal General Hospital; Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre; National Institute for Health Research University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre Infection Theme FX The National Reference Centre for Parasitology is supported by Public Health Agency of Canada/National Microbiology Laboratory grant HT070-010033. The study was supported by the Foundation of the Montreal General Hospital and the Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre. PLC was supported by the National Institute for Health Research University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre Infection Theme. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 50 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 15 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1935-2735 J9 PLOS NEGLECT TROP D JI Plos Neglect. Trop. Dis. PD AUG PY 2014 VL 8 IS 8 AR e3002 DI 10.1371/journal.pntd.0003002 PG 7 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA AO8AN UT WOS:000341574700006 PM 25102174 ER PT J AU Schmaedick, MA Koppel, AL Pilotte, N Torres, M Williams, SA Dobson, SL Lammie, PJ Won, KY AF Schmaedick, Mark A. Koppel, Amanda L. Pilotte, Nils Torres, Melissa Williams, Steven A. Dobson, Stephen L. Lammie, Patrick J. Won, Kimberly Y. TI Molecular Xenomonitoring Using Mosquitoes to Map Lymphatic Filariasis after Mass Drug Administration in American Samoa SO PLOS NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES LA English DT Article ID CULEX-QUINQUEFASCIATUS; WUCHERERIA-BANCROFTI; AEDES-AEGYPTI; SOUTHERN-CALIFORNIA; TRANSMISSION; ELIMINATION; CULICIDAE; DIPTERA; VECTOR; POLYNESIENSIS AB Background: Mass drug administration (MDA) programs have dramatically reduced lymphatic filariasis (LF) incidence in many areas around the globe, including American Samoa. As infection rates decline and MDA programs end, efficient and sensitive methods for detecting infections are needed to monitor for recrudescence. Molecular methods, collectively termed 'molecular xenomonitoring,' can identify parasite DNA or RNA in human blood-feeding mosquitoes. We tested mosquitoes trapped throughout the inhabited islands of American Samoa to identify areas of possible continuing LF transmission after completion of MDA. Methodology/Principle Findings: Mosquitoes were collected using BG Sentinel traps from most of the villages on American Samoa's largest island, Tutuila, and all major villages on the smaller islands of Aunu'u, Ofu, Olosega, and Ta'u. Real-time PCR was used to detect Wuchereria bancrofti DNA in pools of <= 20 mosquitoes, and PoolScreen software was used to infer territory-wide prevalences of W. bancrofti DNA in the mosquitoes. Wuchereria bancrofti DNA was found in mosquitoes from 16 out of the 27 village areas sampled on Tutuila and Aunu'u islands but none of the five villages on the Manu'a islands of Ofu, Olosega, and Ta'u. The overall 95% confidence interval estimate for W. bancrofti DNA prevalence in the LF vector Ae. polynesiensis was 0.20-0.39%, and parasite DNA was also detected in pools of Culex quinquefasciatus, Aedes aegypti, and Aedes (Finlaya) spp. Conclusions/Significance: Our results suggest low but widespread prevalence of LF on Tutuila and Aunu'u where 98% of the population resides, but not Ofu, Olosega, and Ta'u islands. Molecular xenomonitoring can help identify areas of possible LF transmission, but its use in the LF elimination program in American Samoa is limited by the need for more efficient mosquito collection methods and a better understanding of the relationship between prevalence of W. bancrofti DNA in mosquitoes and infection and transmission rates in humans. C1 [Schmaedick, Mark A.] Amer Samoa Community Coll, Div Community & Nat Resources, Pago Pago, AS 96799 USA. [Koppel, Amanda L.; Dobson, Stephen L.] Univ Kentucky, Dept Entomol, Coll Agr, Lexington, KY 40546 USA. [Pilotte, Nils; Torres, Melissa; Williams, Steven A.] Smith Coll, Dept Biol Sci, Northampton, MA 01063 USA. [Lammie, Patrick J.; Won, Kimberly Y.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Schmaedick, MA (reprint author), Amer Samoa Community Coll, Div Community & Nat Resources, Pago Pago, AS 96799 USA. EM m.schmaedick@amsamoa.edu FU Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation [43922, 44190] FX Funding for this research was provided by Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation grants 43922 awarded to the Lymphatic Filariasis Support Center at the Task Force for Global Health and 44190 awarded to the University of Kentucky. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 58 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 3 U2 10 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1935-2735 J9 PLOS NEGLECT TROP D JI Plos Neglect. Trop. Dis. PD AUG PY 2014 VL 8 IS 8 AR e3087 DI 10.1371/journal.pntd.0003087 PG 10 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA AO8AN UT WOS:000341574700050 PM 25122037 ER PT J AU Fisher, EM Noti, JD Lindsley, WG Blachere, FM Shaffer, RE AF Fisher, Edward M. Noti, John D. Lindsley, William G. Blachere, Francoise M. Shaffer, Ronald E. TI Validation and Application of Models to Predict Facemask Influenza Contamination in Healthcare Settings SO RISK ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE Contamination; influenza; surgical masks ID FILTERING FACEPIECE RESPIRATORS; WORKPLACE PROTECTION FACTORS; COUGH-GENERATED AEROSOL; A H7N9 VIRUS; DECONTAMINATION METHODS; PANDEMIC INFLUENZA; AIRBORNE VIRUSES; EXAMINATION ROOM; INFECTION RISK; EXPOSURE AB Facemasks are part of the hierarchy of interventions used to reduce the transmission of respiratory pathogens by providing a barrier. Two types of facemasks used by healthcare workers are N95 filtering facepiece respirators (FFRs) and surgical masks (SMs). These can become contaminated with respiratory pathogens during use, thus serving as potential sources for transmission. However, because of the lack of field studies, the hazard associated with pathogen-exposed facemasks is unknown. A mathematical model was used to calculate the potential influenza contamination of facemasks from aerosol sources in various exposure scenarios. The aerosol model was validated with data from previous laboratory studies using facemasks mounted on headforms in a simulated healthcare room. The model was then used to estimate facemask contamination levels in three scenarios generated with input parameters from the literature. A second model estimated facemask contamination from a cough. It was determined that contamination levels from a single cough (approximate to 19 viruses) were much less than likely levels from aerosols (4,473 viruses on FFRs and 3,476 viruses on SMs). For aerosol contamination, a range of input values from the literature resulted in wide variation in estimated facemask contamination levels (13-202,549 viruses), depending on the values selected. Overall, these models and estimates for facemask contamination levels can be used to inform infection control practice and research related to the development of better facemasks, to characterize airborne contamination levels, and to assist in assessment of risk from reaerosolization and fomite transfer because of handling and reuse of contaminated facemasks. C1 [Fisher, Edward M.; Shaffer, Ronald E.] NIOSH, Natl Personal Protect Technol Lab, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Pittsburgh, PA USA. [Noti, John D.; Lindsley, William G.; Blachere, Francoise M.] NIOSH, Hlth Effects Lab Div, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Morgantown, WV USA. RP Fisher, EM (reprint author), NPPTL, 626 Cochrans Mill Rd,Bldg 13, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. EM EFisher@cdc.gov OI Lindsley, William/0000-0003-0720-5829 FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 63 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 7 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0272-4332 EI 1539-6924 J9 RISK ANAL JI Risk Anal. PD AUG PY 2014 VL 34 IS 8 BP 1423 EP 1434 DI 10.1111/risa.12185 PG 12 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Social Sciences, Mathematical Methods SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Mathematics; Mathematical Methods In Social Sciences GA AO8XT UT WOS:000341639800007 PM 24593662 ER PT J AU Ford, ES Wheaton, AG Cunningham, TJ Giles, WH Chapman, DP Croft, JB AF Ford, Earl S. Wheaton, Anne G. Cunningham, Timothy J. Giles, Wayne H. Chapman, Daniel P. Croft, Janet B. TI Trends in Outpatient Visits for Insomnia, Sleep Apnea, and Prescriptions for Sleep Medications among US Adults: Findings from the National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey 1999-2010 SO SLEEP LA English DT Article DE hypnotics; trends; outpatient care; National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey; insomnia ID RACIAL-DIFFERENCES; UNITED-STATES; DURATION; METAANALYSIS; POPULATION; EPIDEMIOLOGY; MORTALITY; DIFFICULTIES; PREVALENCE; PHYSICIAN AB Study Objective: To examine recent national trends in outpatient visits for sleep related difficulties in the United States and prescriptions for sleep medications. Design: Trend analysis. Setting: Data from the National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey from 1999 to 2010. Participants: Patients age 20 y or older. Measurements and Results: The number of office visits with insomnia as the stated reason for visit increased from 4.9 million visits in 1999 to 5.5 million visits in 2010 (13% increase), whereas the number with any sleep disturbance ranged from 6,394,000 visits in 1999 to 8,237,000 visits in 2010 (29% increase). The number of office visits for which a diagnosis of sleep apnea was recorded increased from 1.1 million visits in 1999 to 5.8 million visits in 2010 (442% increase), whereas the number of office visits for which any sleep related diagnosis was recorded ranged from 3.3 million visits in 1999 to 12.1 million visits in 2010 (266% increase). The number of prescriptions for any sleep medication ranged from 5.3 in 1999 to 20.8 million in 2010 (293% increase). Strong increases in the percentage of office visits resulting in a prescription for nonbenzodiazepine sleep medications (similar to 350%), benzodiazepine receptor agonists (similar to 430%), and any sleep medication (similar to 200%) were noted. Conclusions: Striking increases in the number and percentage of office visits for sleep related problems and in the number and percentage of office visits accompanied by a prescription for a sleep medication occurred from 1999-2010. C1 [Ford, Earl S.; Wheaton, Anne G.; Cunningham, Timothy J.; Giles, Wayne H.; Chapman, Daniel P.; Croft, Janet B.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Populat Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Ford, ES (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 4770 Buford Highway,MS F78, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM eford@cdc.gov NR 48 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER ACAD SLEEP MEDICINE PI WESTCHESTER PA ONE WESTBROOK CORPORATE CTR, STE 920, WESTCHESTER, IL 60154 USA SN 0161-8105 EI 1550-9109 J9 SLEEP JI Sleep PD AUG 1 PY 2014 VL 37 IS 8 BP 1283 EP 1293 DI 10.5665/sleep.3914 PG 11 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA AO7DL UT WOS:000341512100005 PM 25083008 ER PT J AU Belliot, G Lopman, BA Ambert-Balay, K Pothier, P AF Belliot, G. Lopman, B. A. Ambert-Balay, K. Pothier, P. TI The burden of norovirus gastroenteritis: an important foodborne and healthcare-related infection SO CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTION LA English DT Review DE Disease burden; economic impact; foodborne; hospital; norovirus ID CELL TRANSPLANT RECIPIENTS; UNITED-STATES; VIRAL GASTROENTERITIS; SYSTEMATIC ANALYSIS; INTESTINAL DISEASE; YOUNG-CHILDREN; NORWALK VIRUS; GLOBAL BURDEN; OUTBREAKS; EXCRETION AB Human norovirus (NoV) is now recognized as one of the most important causative agents of gastroenteritis in all age groups worldwide. During the course of NoV infection, symptoms are usually mild and disappear within 48 h after onset. The incidence of NoV infection is high, with hundreds of cases per 10 000 of the population, although the number of infections is still underestimated. Epidemiological surveys conducted in Europe and North America have shown that NoV infections constitute a major disease burden, especially for young children and the elderly, in whom NoV infection leads to high rates of hospitalization and mortality. NoV infections are also of concern in hospitals, where viral infections can be persistent in immunocompromised patients. Although the cost of NoV infection in the hospital community has not yet been clearly established, it appears that NoV infections could cost hundreds of thousands of euros in terms of unit closure, and NoV-related sickness in patients and health workers. Besides their clinical burden, NoVs, as foodborne pathogens, also cause to millions of dollars of losses for the healthcare system and the food industry. Recent estimates in the USA showed that, annually, NoV illness cost $2 billion and led to a loss of approximately 5000 quality-adjusted life-years, making NoV one of the top five pathogens causing enteric illnesses. The highest cost among 14 foodborne pathogens is also attributed to human NoV in The Netherlands. This accumulation of evidence underlines the enormous impact of NoV on populations. C1 [Belliot, G.; Ambert-Balay, K.; Pothier, P.] Publ Hosp Dijon, Natl Reference Ctr Enter Viruses, Virol Lab, F-21070 Dijon, France. [Lopman, B. A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Belliot, G (reprint author), Publ Hosp Dijon, Natl Reference Ctr Enter Viruses, Virol Lab, 2 Rue Angel Ducoudray,BP37013, F-21070 Dijon, France. EM gael.belliot@u-bougogne.fr FU Public Hospital of Dijon; National Reference Centre (NRC) for Enteric Viruses (Dijon, France) FX The study was partly funded by the Public Hospital of Dijon, and the National Reference Centre (NRC) for Enteric Viruses (Dijon, France). The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors, and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or the position of the French Institute for Public Health Surveillance. NR 73 TC 19 Z9 23 U1 7 U2 41 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1198-743X EI 1469-0691 J9 CLIN MICROBIOL INFEC JI Clin. Microbiol. Infect. PD AUG PY 2014 VL 20 IS 8 BP 724 EP 730 DI 10.1111/1469-0691.12722 PG 7 WC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA AO7FC UT WOS:000341516600016 PM 24943671 ER PT J AU Barclay, L Park, GW Vega, E Hall, A Parashar, U Vinje, J Lopman, B AF Barclay, L. Park, G. W. Vega, E. Hall, A. Parashar, U. Vinje, J. Lopman, B. TI Infection control for norovirus SO CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTION LA English DT Review DE Disinfection; epidemiology; infection control; norovirus; nosocomial ID HEALTH-CARE SETTINGS; VIRUS-LIKE PARTICLES; UNITED-STATES; MURINE NOROVIRUS; NORWALK VIRUS; FELINE CALICIVIRUS; ENTERIC VIRUSES; NOSOCOMIAL TRANSMISSION; STAINLESS-STEEL; GASTROENTERITIS OUTBREAKS AB Norovirus infections are notoriously difficult to prevent and control, owing to their low infectious dose, high shedding titre, and environmental stability. The virus can spread through multiple transmission routes, of which person-to-person and foodborne are the most important. Recent advances in molecular diagnostics have helped to establish norovirus as the most common cause of sporadic gastroenteritis and the most common cause of outbreaks of acute gastroenteritis across all ages. In this article, we review the epidemiology and virology of noroviruses, and prevention and control guidelines, with a focus on the principles of disinfection and decontamination. Outbreak management relies on sound infection control principles, including hand hygiene, limiting exposure to infectious individuals, and thorough environmental decontamination. Ideally, all infection control recommendations would rely on empirical evidence, but a number of challenges, including the inability to culture noroviruses in the laboratory and the challenges of outbreak management in complex environments, has made it difficult to garner clear evidence of efficacy in certain areas of infection control. New experimental data on cultivable surrogates for human norovirus and on environmental survivability and relative resistance to commonly used disinfectants are providing new insights for further refinining disinfection practices. Finally, clinical trials are underway to evaluate the efficacy of vaccines, which may shift the current infection control principles to more targeted interventions. C1 [Barclay, L.; Park, G. W.; Vega, E.; Hall, A.; Parashar, U.; Vinje, J.; Lopman, B.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Lopman, B (reprint author), 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM blopman@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 109 TC 28 Z9 29 U1 3 U2 31 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1198-743X EI 1469-0691 J9 CLIN MICROBIOL INFEC JI Clin. Microbiol. Infect. PD AUG PY 2014 VL 20 IS 8 BP 731 EP 740 DI 10.1111/1469-0691.12674 PG 10 WC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA AO7FC UT WOS:000341516600017 PM 24813073 ER PT J AU Downing, C Ramirez-Fort, MK Doan, HQ Benoist, F Oberste, MS Khan, F Tyring, SK AF Downing, Christopher Ramirez-Fort, Marigdalia K. Doan, Hung Q. Benoist, Frances Oberste, M. Steven Khan, Farhan Tyring, Stephen K. TI Coxsackievirus A6 associated hand, foot and mouth disease in adults: Clinical presentation and review of the literature SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL VIROLOGY LA English DT Review DE Hand foot and mouth disease; Coxsackievirus A6; Enterovirus ID ENTEROVIRUS INFECTION; OUTBREAK; TAIWAN; ONYCHOMADESIS; CIRCULATION; SPECIMENS; SEROTYPES; A10; PCR AB Background: Hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) is generally considered a rare illness in adults. Classically, HFMD has been strongly associated with coxsackievirus strain A16 and enterovirus 71. The coxsackievirus A6 (CVA6) strain has been linked to severe worldwide outbreaks since 2008. CVA6 is associated with a more severe and profound course of disease, affecting both children and adults. Objectives: To present a series of five adult patients diagnosed with HFMD due to CVA6. We investigate method of diagnosis and compare clinical presentation of adult cases to those in children. Study design: Each patient underwent a full-body skin exam as well as inspection of the oral cavity. Rapid plasma reagin (RPR) and serologic assays by complement fixation against coxsackievirus B (1-6) and A (2,4,7,9,10,16) were performed as indicated. As standard serological testing does not detect CVA6, real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) of serum, buccal swabs, and skin scrapings were performed by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Results: Each patient had clinical findings consistent with various stages of HFMD. One patient presented with delayed onychomadesis and desquamation of the palms and soles. RPR and serologic assays by complement fixation against CVB (1-6) and CVA (2,4,7,9,10,16) were mostly negative, although elevated in two patients due to cross-reactivity. qRT-PCR identified CVA6 genetic material in samples from all patients. Conclusion: This series demonstrates that there is a wide array of disease presentation of CVA6 associated HFMD in adults. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Downing, Christopher; Ramirez-Fort, Marigdalia K.; Khan, Farhan; Tyring, Stephen K.] Ctr Clin Studies, Houston, TX USA. [Ramirez-Fort, Marigdalia K.] Tufts Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, Boston, MA USA. [Doan, Hung Q.; Benoist, Frances; Tyring, Stephen K.] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr Houston, Dept Dermatol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Oberste, M. Steven] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Tyring, SK (reprint author), 1401 Binz St,Suite 200, Houston, TX 77004 USA. EM styring@ccstexas.com NR 30 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 1 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1386-6532 EI 1873-5967 J9 J CLIN VIROL JI J. Clin. Virol. PD AUG PY 2014 VL 60 IS 4 BP 381 EP 386 DI 10.1016/j.jcv.2014.04.023 PG 6 WC Virology SC Virology GA AO5AS UT WOS:000341353200010 PM 24932735 ER PT J AU Joo, H George, MG Fang, J Wang, GJ AF Joo, Heesoo George, Mary G. Fang, Jing Wang, Guijing TI A Literature Review of Indirect Costs Associated with Stroke SO JOURNAL OF STROKE & CEREBROVASCULAR DISEASES LA English DT Review DE Stroke; economic burden; indirect cost; productivity loss; cost of informal care ID ECONOMIC BURDEN; SOCIETAL PERSPECTIVE; ISCHEMIC-STROKE; INFORMAL CARE; UNITED-STATES; INTRACEREBRAL HEMORRHAGE; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASES; PUBLIC-HEALTH; HEART-DISEASE; SWEDEN AB Background: Stroke is a leading cause of mortality and long-term disability. However, the indirect costs of stroke, such as productivity loss and costs of informal care, have not been well studied. To better understand this, we conducted a literature review of the indirect costs of stroke. Methods: A literature search using PubMed, MEDLINE, and EconLit, with the key words stroke, cerebrovascular disease, subarachnoid hemorrhage, intracerebral hemorrhage, cost-of-illness, productivity loss, indirect cost, economic burden, and informal caregiving was conducted. We identified original research articles published during 1990-2012 in English-language peer-reviewed journals. We summarized indirect costs by study type, cost categories, and study settings. Results: We found 31 original research articles that investigated the indirect cost of stroke. Six of these investigated indirect costs only; the other 25 studies were cost-of-illness studies that included indirect costs as a component. Of the 31 articles, 6 examined indirect costs in the United States, with 2 of these focused solely on indirect costs. Because of diverse methods, kinds of data, and definitions of cost used in the studies, the literature indicated a very wide range internationally in the proportion of the total cost of stroke that is represented by indirect costs (from 3% to 71%). Conclusions: Most of the literature indicates that indirect costs account for a significant portion of the economic burden of stroke, and there is a pressing need to develop proper approaches to analyze these costs and to make better use of relevant data sources for such studies or establish new ones. C1 [Joo, Heesoo; George, Mary G.; Fang, Jing; Wang, Guijing] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Div Heart Dis & Stroke Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Joo, H (reprint author), US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Div Heart Dis & Stroke Prevent, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,Mailstop F-72, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM hjoo@cdc.gov OI Joo, Heesoo/0000-0002-1342-6428 FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 42 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1052-3057 EI 1532-8511 J9 J STROKE CEREBROVASC JI J. Stroke Cerebrovasc. Dis. PD AUG PY 2014 VL 23 IS 7 BP 1753 EP 1763 DI 10.1016/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2014.02.017 PG 11 WC Neurosciences; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA AO6TL UT WOS:000341484400001 PM 24957313 ER PT J AU Trivers, KF Fink, AK Partridge, AH Oktay, K Ginsburg, ES Li, CY Pollack, LA AF Trivers, Katrina F. Fink, Aliza K. Partridge, Ann H. Oktay, Kutluk Ginsburg, Elizabeth S. Li, Chunyu Pollack, Lori A. TI Estimates of Young Breast Cancer Survivors at Risk for Infertility in the U. S. SO ONCOLOGIST LA English DT Article DE Breast neoplasms; Infertility; Fertility preservation; Survivors; Reproductive behavior; Pregnancy ID CARCINOMA IN-SITU; QUALITY-OF-LIFE; FERTILITY PRESERVATION; RECEPTOR STATUS; REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH; WOMEN; CHEMOTHERAPY; PREGNANCY; DIAGNOSIS; ESTROGEN AB Background. Standard treatments for breast cancer can impair fertility. It is unknown how many U. S. survivors are at risk for infertility. We estimated the population at risk for infertility secondary to treatment among reproductive-aged breast cancer survivors. Methods. We combined data from three sources: the National Program of Cancer Registries (NPCR) and Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results cancer registry data on incident breast cancers diagnosed in women aged 15-44 years between 2004 and 2006; treatment data from NPCR's 2004 Breast and Prostate Cancer Data Quality and Patterns of Care (PoC) study; and data on women's intentions to have children from the 2006-2010 National Survey of Family Growth (NSFG). Results. In the cancer registry data, an average of 20,308 women with breast cancer aged,45 years were diagnosed annually. Based on estimates from PoC data, almost all of these survivors (97%, 19,416 women) were hormone receptor positive or received chemotherapy and would be at risk for infertility. These women need information about the impact of treatments on fertility. Estimates based on NSFG data suggest approximately half of these survivors (9,569 women) might want children and could benefit from fertility counseling and fertility preservation. Conclusion. Nearly all young breast cancer survivors in the U. S. are at risk for infertility. Physicians should discuss the potential impact of treatment on fertility. A smaller but sizeable number of at-risk survivors may be interested in having children. Given the magnitude of potential infertility and its quality-of-life implications, these survivors should have access to and potential coverage for fertility services. The Oncologist 2014; 19: 814-822 C1 [Trivers, Katrina F.; Li, Chunyu; Pollack, Lori A.] Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA USA. [Fink, Aliza K.] ICF Int, Rockville, MD USA. [Partridge, Ann H.] Dana Farber Canc Inst, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Partridge, Ann H.; Ginsburg, Elizabeth S.] Brigham & Womens Hosp, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Oktay, Kutluk] New York Med Coll, Div Reprod Med, Valhalla, NY 10595 USA. [Oktay, Kutluk] New York Med Coll, Lab Fertil Preservat & Mol Reprod, Valhalla, NY 10595 USA. [Oktay, Kutluk] Innovat Inst Fertil Preservat, New York, NY USA. RP Trivers, KF (reprint author), 4770 Buford Highway,NE,MS F76, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM fph1@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) [200-2008-27957] FX This project was partially funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) through a contract (#200-2008-27957) to ICF International. The Breast and Prostate Cancer Data Quality and Patterns of Care (PoC) data were provided based on a collaborative effort through cooperative agreements provided by the CDC. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the CDC or any of the seven collaborating PoC states. A. K. F. is currently affiliated with the Cystic Fibrosis Foundation, Bethesda, MD. NR 44 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 1 PU ALPHAMED PRESS PI DURHAM PA 318 BLACKWELL ST, STE 260, DURHAM, NC 27701-2884 USA SN 1083-7159 EI 1549-490X J9 ONCOLOGIST JI Oncologist PD AUG PY 2014 VL 19 IS 8 BP 814 EP 822 DI 10.1634/theoncologist.2014-0016 PG 9 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA AO5UV UT WOS:000341411700007 PM 24951610 ER PT J AU Klompas, M Branson, R Eichenwald, EC Greene, LR Howell, MD Lee, G Magill, SS Maragakis, LL Priebe, GP Speck, K Yokoe, DS Berenholtz, SM AF Klompas, Michael Branson, Richard Eichenwald, Eric C. Greene, Linda R. Howell, Michael D. Lee, Grace Magill, Shelley S. Maragakis, Lisa L. Priebe, Gregory P. Speck, Kathleen Yokoe, Deborah S. Berenholtz, Sean M. TI Strategies to Prevent Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia in Acute Care Hospitals: 2014 Update SO INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CRITICALLY-ILL PATIENTS; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; RECEIVING MECHANICAL VENTILATION; SUBGLOTTIC SECRETION DRAINAGE; ACUTE RESPIRATORY-FAILURE; STRESS-ULCER PROPHYLAXIS; ACUTE LUNG INJURY; POSITIVE-PRESSURE VENTILATION; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE FUNGEMIA; PERFORMANCE-IMPROVEMENT PROJECT C1 [Klompas, Michael; Lee, Grace] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Populat Med, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Klompas, Michael; Lee, Grace] Harvard Pilgrim Hlth Care Inst, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Klompas, Michael; Priebe, Gregory P.; Yokoe, Deborah S.] Brigham & Womens Hosp, Dept Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Branson, Richard] Univ Cincinnati, Dept Surg, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. [Eichenwald, Eric C.] Univ Texas Med Sch Houston, Div Neonatal Perinatal Med, Houston, TX USA. [Greene, Linda R.] Univ Rochester, Highland Hosp, Med Ctr Affiliate, Rochester, NY USA. [Howell, Michael D.] Univ Chicago, Dept Med, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Lee, Grace; Priebe, Gregory P.] Boston Childrens Hosp, Dept Med, Boston, MA USA. [Magill, Shelley S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. [Maragakis, Lisa L.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Priebe, Gregory P.] Boston Childrens Hosp, Dept Anesthesiol Perioperat & Pain Med, Boston, MA USA. [Speck, Kathleen; Berenholtz, Sean M.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Anesthesiol & Crit Care Med, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Berenholtz, Sean M.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Surg, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Berenholtz, Sean M.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Hlth Policy & Management, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. RP Klompas, M (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Populat Med, 133 Brookline Ave,6th Floor, Boston, MA 02215 USA. EM mklompas@partners.org NR 240 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 7 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0899-823X EI 1559-6834 J9 INFECT CONT HOSP EP JI Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol. PD AUG PY 2014 VL 35 IS 8 BP 915 EP 936 DI 10.1086/677144 PG 22 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA AL3RQ UT WOS:000339046900001 ER PT J AU Ellingson, K Haas, JP Aiello, AE Kusek, L Maragakis, LL Olmsted, RN Perencevich, E Polgreen, PM Schweizer, ML Trexler, P VanAmringe, M Yokoe, DS AF Ellingson, Katherine Haas, Janet P. Aiello, Allison E. Kusek, Linda Maragakis, Lisa L. Olmsted, Russell N. Perencevich, Eli Polgreen, Philip M. Schweizer, Mann L. Trexler, Polly VanAmringe, Margaret Yokoe, Deborah S. TI Strategies to Prevent Healthcare-Associated Infections through Hand Hygiene SO INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID RANDOMIZED CLINICAL-TRIAL; ALCOHOL-BASED HANDRUB; VANCOMYCIN-RESISTANT ENTEROCOCCUS; CLOSTRIDIUM-DIFFICILE SPORES; SURGICAL SITE INFECTION; AUTOMATED MONITORING-SYSTEM; INTENSIVE-CARE; NOSOCOMIAL TRANSMISSION; STAPHYLOCOCCUS-AUREUS; FELINE CALICIVIRUS C1 [Ellingson, Katherine] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Haas, Janet P.] Westchester Med Ctr, Valhalla, NY USA. [Haas, Janet P.] New York Med Coll, Dept Med, Valhalla, NY 10595 USA. [Aiello, Allison E.] Univ N Carolina, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Kusek, Linda; VanAmringe, Margaret] Int Joint Commiss, Oak Brook Terrace, IL USA. [Maragakis, Lisa L.; Trexler, Polly] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Baltimore, MD USA. [Olmsted, Russell N.] St Joseph Mercy Hlth Syst, Ann Arbor, MI USA. [Perencevich, Eli; Polgreen, Philip M.; Schweizer, Mann L.] Univ Iowa, Carver Coll Med, Iowa City, IA USA. [Perencevich, Eli; Schweizer, Mann L.] Iowa City Vet Adm Healthcare Syst, Iowa City, IA USA. [Yokoe, Deborah S.] Brigham & Womens Hosp, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Yokoe, Deborah S.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA USA. RP Haas, JP (reprint author), Westchester Med Ctr Infect Prevent & Control, Macy Pavil SW-246,100 Woods Rd, Valhalla, NY 10595 USA. EM haasj@wcmc.com FU 3M; Sanofi Pasteur; Baxter Healthcare; GOJO industries FX J.P.H. reports receiving research grant/contract support from 3M. A.E.A. reports serving as an advisor/consultant for the Tork Green Hygiene Council of SCA Tork and Grant & Eisenhofer. L.K. reports being an employee of The Joint Commission and receiving grant/contract support from Sanofi Pasteur and Baxter Healthcare. R.N.O. reports serving on the speakers' bureau for Ethicon and Avid Education Partners and serving as an advisor/consultant for Premier. E.P. reports serving as an advisor/consultant for Pur Thread. P.M.P. reports receiving grant/contract support from GOJO industries in the form of a gift to the University of Iowa Foundation. K.E., L.L.M., M.L.S., P.T., M.V.A., and D.S.Y. report no relevant conflicts of interest. NR 250 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 6 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0899-823X EI 1559-6834 J9 INFECT CONT HOSP EP JI Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol. PD AUG PY 2014 VL 35 IS 8 BP 937 EP 960 DI 10.1086/677145 PG 24 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA AL3RQ UT WOS:000339046900002 ER PT J AU Yokoe, DS Anderson, DJ Berenholtz, SM Calfee, DP Dubberke, ER Ellingson, KD Gerding, DN Haas, JP Kaye, KS Klompas, M Lo, E Marschall, J Mermel, LA Nicolle, LE Salgado, CD Bryant, K Classen, D Crist, K Deloney, VM Fishman, NO Foster, N Goldmann, DA Humphreys, E Jernigan, JA Padberg, J Perl, TM Podgorny, K Septimus, EJ VanAmringe, M Weaver, T Weinstein, RA Wise, R Maragakis, LL AF Yokoe, Deborah S. Anderson, Deverick J. Berenholtz, Sean M. Calfee, David P. Dubberke, Erik R. Ellingson, Katherine D. Gerding, Dale N. Haas, Janet P. Kaye, Keith S. Klompas, Michael Lo, Evelyn Marschall, Jonas Mermel, Leonard A. Nicolle, Lindsay E. Salgado, Cassandra D. Bryant, Kristina Classen, David Crist, Katrina Deloney, Valerie M. Fishman, Neil O. Foster, Nancy Goldmann, Donald A. Humphreys, Eve Jernigan, John A. Padberg, Jennifer Perl, Trish M. Podgorny, Kelly Septimus, Edward J. VanAmringe, Margaret Weaver, Tom Weinstein, Robert A. Wise, Robert Maragakis, Lisa L. TI A Compendium of Strategies to Prevent Healthcare-Associated Infections in Acute Care Hospitals: 2014 Updates SO INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CLOSTRIDIUM-DIFFICILE INFECTIONS; RESISTANT STAPHYLOCOCCUS-AUREUS; SURGICAL SITE INFECTIONS; BLOOD-STREAM INFECTIONS; TRANSMISSION AB Since the publication of "A Compendium of Strategies to Prevent Healthcare-Associated Infections in Acute Care Hospitals" in 2008, prevention of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) has become a national priority. Despite improvements, preventable HAIs continue to occur. The 2014 updates to the Compendium were created to provide acute care hospitals with up-to-date, practical, expert guidance to assist in prioritizing and implementing their HAI prevention efforts. They are the product of a highly collaborative effort led by the Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America (SHEA), the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA), the American Hospital Association (AHA), the Association for Professionals in Infection Control and Epidemiology (APIC), and The Joint Commission, with major contributions from representatives of a number of organizations and societies with content expertise, including the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the Institute for Healthcare Improvement (IHI), the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society (PIDS), the Society for Critical Care Medicine (SCCM), the Society for Hospital Medicine (SHM), and the Surgical Infection Society (SIS). C1 [Yokoe, Deborah S.] Brigham & Womens Hosp, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Yokoe, Deborah S.; Goldmann, Donald A.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA USA. [Anderson, Deverick J.] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Durham, NC USA. [Berenholtz, Sean M.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. [Berenholtz, Sean M.; Perl, Trish M.; Maragakis, Lisa L.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Baltimore, MD USA. [Calfee, David P.] Weill Cornell Med Coll, New York, NY USA. [Dubberke, Erik R.] Washington Univ, Sch Med, St Louis, MO USA. [Ellingson, Katherine D.; Jernigan, John A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Gerding, Dale N.] US Dept Vet Affairs, Vet Affairs Edward Hines Jr Hosp, Hines, IL 60141 USA. [Gerding, Dale N.] Loyola Univ Chicago, Stritch Sch Med, Chicago, IL USA. [Haas, Janet P.] Westchester Med Ctr, Valhalla, NY USA. [Haas, Janet P.] New York Med Coll, Valhalla, NY 10595 USA. [Kaye, Keith S.] Detroit Med Ctr, Detroit, MI USA. [Kaye, Keith S.] Wayne State Univ, Detroit, MI USA. [Klompas, Michael] Harvard Pilgrim Hlth Care Inst, Boston, MA USA. [Lo, Evelyn] St Boniface Gen Hosp, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada. [Lo, Evelyn; Nicolle, Lindsay E.] Univ Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada. [Marschall, Jonas] Univ Hosp Bern, CH-3010 Bern, Switzerland. [Marschall, Jonas] Univ Bern, Bern, Switzerland. [Mermel, Leonard A.] Brown Univ, Warren Alpert Med Sch, Providence, RI 02912 USA. [Mermel, Leonard A.] Rhode Isl Hosp, Providence, RI USA. [Nicolle, Lindsay E.] Hlth Sci Ctr, Winnipeg, MB, Canada. [Salgado, Cassandra D.] Med Univ S Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. [Bryant, Kristina] Univ Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292 USA. [Classen, David] Univ Utah, Sch Med, Salt Lake City, UT USA. [Crist, Katrina; Weaver, Tom] Assoc Profess Infect Control & Epidemiol, Washington, DC USA. [Deloney, Valerie M.; Humphreys, Eve] Soc Healthcare Epidemiol Amer, Arlington, VA USA. [Fishman, Neil O.] Univ Penn Hlth Syst, Philadelphia, PA USA. [Foster, Nancy] Amer Hosp Assoc, Washington, DC USA. [Goldmann, Donald A.] Inst Healthcare Improvement, Cambridge, MA USA. [Goldmann, Donald A.] Boston Childrens Hosp, Boston, MA USA. [Jernigan, John A.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Atlanta, GA USA. [Padberg, Jennifer] Infect Dis Soc Amer, Arlington, VA USA. [Podgorny, Kelly; VanAmringe, Margaret; Wise, Robert] Joint Commiss, Oak Brook Terrace, IL USA. [Septimus, Edward J.] Texas A&M Hlth Sci Ctr, Coll Med, Houston, TX USA. [Septimus, Edward J.] Hosp Corp Amer, Nashville, TN USA. [Weinstein, Robert A.] Stroger Hosp, Chicago, IL USA. [Weinstein, Robert A.] Rush Univ, Med Ctr, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. RP Yokoe, DS (reprint author), 181 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA 02115 USA. EM dyokoe@partners.org FU Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America FX Support for this Compendium was provided by the Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America. NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0899-823X EI 1559-6834 J9 INFECT CONT HOSP EP JI Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol. PD AUG PY 2014 VL 35 IS 8 BP 967 EP 977 DI 10.1086/677216 PG 11 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA AL3RQ UT WOS:000339046900005 ER PT J AU Sidonio, RF Mili, FD Li, TG Miller, CH Hooper, WC DeBaun, MR Soucie, M AF Sidonio, Robert F. Mili, Fatima D. Li, Tengguo Miller, Connie H. Hooper, William C. DeBaun, Michael R. Soucie, Michael CA Hemophilia Treatment Ctr Network TI Females with FVIII and FIX deficiency have reduced joint range of motion SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HEMATOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HEMOPHILIA-A; CARRIERS; MANAGEMENT AB Little is known about rates of joint bleeding among females with FVIII/FIX deficiency or hemophilia carriers. In a cross-sectional study, we tested the hypothesis that females with FVIII or FIX deficiency enrolled in the Universal Data Collection (UDC) project had a reduced mean overall joint range of motion (ROM) compared with historic controls from the Normal Joint Study. Demographics, clinical characteristics, and joint ROM measurements on 303 females without a bleeding disorder and 148 females with FVIII and FIX deficiency, respectively, between the ages of 2-69 years and a body mass index (BMI) <= 35 were compared. Multivariate linear regression was performed with the overall joint ROM (sum of the right and left ROM measurements of five joints) as the dependent variable and FVIII or FIX activity as the independent variable adjusting for age, race, BMI, and number of joint bleeds reported over the last 6 months. As FVIII and FIX activity decreased, the mean overall joint ROM became reduced and in most cases was significantly lower than that of the controls regardless of age and clinical hemophilia severity. Further investigation of reduced joint ROM as evidence of subclinical joint bleeding in females with FVIII and FIX deficiency is warranted. (C) 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Sidonio, Robert F.; DeBaun, Michael R.] Vanderbilt Univ, Monroe Carell Jr Childrens Hosp Vanderbilt, Med Ctr, Dept Pediat,Div Hematol Oncol, Nashville, TN 37232 USA. [Mili, Fatima D.; Li, Tengguo; Miller, Connie H.; Hooper, William C.; Soucie, Michael] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Blood Disorders, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Sidonio, RF (reprint author), Vanderbilt Univ, Monroe Carell Jr Childrens Hosp Vanderbilt, Med Ctr, 2220 Pierce Ave,392 Preston Res Bldg, Nashville, TN 37232 USA. EM robert.f.sidonio@vanderbilt.edu RI Kerlin, Bryce/E-3369-2011; OI Kerlin, Bryce/0000-0002-1756-8271; Miller, Connie H/0000-0002-3989-7973 FU NCRR/NIH (Vanderbilt CTSA) [UL1 RR024975]; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Vanderbilt Clinical and Translational Research Scholars (VCTRS) KL2 Program; Grifols FX Contract grant sponsor: NCRR/NIH (Vanderbilt CTSA); Contract grant number: UL1 RR024975.; Contract grant sponsors: The Cooperative Agreement DD06-005, The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, The Vanderbilt Clinical and Translational Research Scholars (VCTRS) KL2 Program, and Grifols. NR 9 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 3 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0361-8609 EI 1096-8652 J9 AM J HEMATOL JI Am. J. Hematol. PD AUG PY 2014 VL 89 IS 8 BP 831 EP 836 DI 10.1002/ajh.23754 PG 6 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA AN5YW UT WOS:000340670000012 PM 24838518 ER PT J AU Yokoe, DS Anderson, DJ Berenholtz, SM Calfee, DP Dubberke, ER Ellingson, KD Gerding, DN Haas, JP Kaye, KS Klompas, M Lo, E Marschall, J Do, LAM Nicolle, LE Salgado, CD Bryant, K Classen, D Crist, K Deloney, VM Fishman, NO Foster, N Goldmann, DA Humphreys, E Jernigan, JA Padberg, J Perl, TM Podgorny, K Septimus, EJ VanAmringe, M Weaver, T Weinstein, RA Wise, R Maragakis, LL AF Yokoe, Deborah S. Anderson, Deverick J. Berenholtz, Sean M. Calfee, David P. Dubberke, Erik R. Ellingson, Katherine D. Gerding, Dale N. Haas, Janet P. Kaye, Keith S. Klompas, Michael Lo, Evelyn Marschall, Jonas Do, Leonard A. Mermel Nicolle, Lindsay E. Salgado, Cassandra D. Bryant, Kristina Classen, David Crist, Katrina Deloney, Valerie M. Fishman, Neil O. Foster, Nancy Goldmann, Donald A. Humphreys, Eve Jernigan, John A. Padberg, Jennifer Perl, Trish M. Podgorny, Kelly Septimus, Edward J. VanAmringe, Margaret Weaver, Tom Weinstein, Robert A. Wise, Robert Maragakis, Lisa L. TI A Compendium of Strategies to Prevent Healthcare-Associated Infections in Acute Care Hospitals: 2014 Updates SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INFECTION CONTROL LA English DT Article AB Since the publication of "A Compendium of Strategies to Prevent Healthcare-Associated Infections in Acute Care Hospitals" in 2008, prevention of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) has become a national priority. Despite improvements, preventable HAIs continue to occur. The 2014 updates to the Compendium were created to provide acute care hospitals with up-to-date, practical, expert guidance to assist in prioritizing and implementing their HAI prevention efforts. They are the product of a highly collaborative effort led by the Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America (SHEA), the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA), the American Hospital Association (AHA), the Association for Professionals in Infection Control and Epidemiology (APIC), and The Joint Commission, with major contributions from representatives of a number of organizations and societies with content expertise, including the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the Institute for Healthcare Improvement (IHI), the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society (PIDS), the Society for Critical Care Medicine (SCCM), the Society for Hospital Medicine (SHM), and the Surgical Infection Society (SIS). Copyright (C) 2014 by The Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America. All rights reserved. Reprinted with permission. C1 [Yokoe, Deborah S.; Klompas, Michael] Brigham & Womens Hosp, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Yokoe, Deborah S.; Klompas, Michael] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA USA. [Anderson, Deverick J.] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Durham, NC USA. [Berenholtz, Sean M.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. [Berenholtz, Sean M.; Perl, Trish M.; Maragakis, Lisa L.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Baltimore, MD USA. [Calfee, David P.] Weill Cornell Med Coll, New York, NY USA. [Dubberke, Erik R.; Marschall, Jonas] Washington Univ, Sch Med, St Louis, MO USA. [Ellingson, Katherine D.; Jernigan, John A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Gerding, Dale N.] Edward Hines Jr Vet Affairs Hosp, Hines, IL USA. [Gerding, Dale N.] Loyola Univ, Stritch Sch Med, Chicago, IL 60611 USA. [Haas, Janet P.] Westchester Cty Med Ctr, Valhalla, NY 10595 USA. [Haas, Janet P.] New York Med Coll, Valhalla, NY 10595 USA. [Kaye, Keith S.] Detroit Med Ctr, Detroit, MI USA. [Kaye, Keith S.] Wayne State Univ, Detroit, MI USA. [Klompas, Michael] Harvard Pilgrim Hlth Care Inst, Boston, MA USA. [Lo, Evelyn] St Boniface Gen Hosp, Winnipeg, MB R2H 2A6, Canada. [Lo, Evelyn; Nicolle, Lindsay E.] Univ Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada. [Marschall, Jonas] Univ Hosp Bern, CH-3010 Bern, Switzerland. [Marschall, Jonas] Univ Bern, Bern, Switzerland. [Do, Leonard A. Mermel] Brown Univ, Warren Alpert Med Sch, Providence, RI 02912 USA. [Do, Leonard A. Mermel] Rhode Isl Hosp, Providence, RI USA. [Nicolle, Lindsay E.] Hlth Sci Ctr, Winnipeg, MB, Canada. [Salgado, Cassandra D.] Med Univ S Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. [Bryant, Kristina] Univ Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292 USA. [Classen, David] Univ Utah, Sch Med, Salt Lake City, UT USA. [Crist, Katrina; Weaver, Tom] Assoc Profess Infect Control & Epidemiol, Washington, DC USA. [Deloney, Valerie M.; Humphreys, Eve] Soc Healthcare Epidemiol Amer, Arlington, VA USA. [Fishman, Neil O.] Univ Pennsylvania Hlth Syst, Philadelphia, PA USA. [Foster, Nancy] Amer Hosp Assoc, Washington, DC USA. [Goldmann, Donald A.] Inst Healthcare Improvement, Cambridge, MA USA. [Goldmann, Donald A.] Boston Childrens Hosp, Boston, MA USA. [Jernigan, John A.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Atlanta, GA USA. [Padberg, Jennifer] Infect Dis Soc Amer, Arlington, VA USA. [Podgorny, Kelly; VanAmringe, Margaret; Wise, Robert] Joint Commiss, Oak Brook Terrace, IL USA. [Septimus, Edward J.] Texas A&M Hlth Sci Ctr, Coll Med, Houston, TX USA. [Septimus, Edward J.] Hosp Corp America, Nashville, TN USA. [Weinstein, Robert A.] Stroger Hosp, Chicago, IL USA. [Weinstein, Robert A.] Rush Univ, Med Ctr, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. RP Yokoe, DS (reprint author), 181 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA 02115 USA. EM dyokoe@partners.org OI Marschall, Jonas/0000-0002-0052-3210 FU Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America FX Support for this Compendium was provided by the Society for Healthcare Epidemiology of America. NR 19 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 3 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0196-6553 EI 1527-3296 J9 AM J INFECT CONTROL JI Am. J. Infect. Control PD AUG PY 2014 VL 42 IS 8 BP 820 EP 828 DI 10.1016/j.ajic.2014.07.002 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA AO4KN UT WOS:000341306700002 PM 25087135 ER PT J AU Gaines, J Sotir, MJ Cunningham, TJ Harvey, KA Lee, V Stoney, RJ Gershman, MD Brunette, GW Kozarsky, PE AF Gaines, Joanna Sotir, Mark J. Cunningham, Timothy J. Harvey, Kira A. Lee, Virginia Stoney, Rhett J. Gershman, Mark D. Brunette, Gary W. Kozarsky, Phyllis E. TI Health and Safety Issues for Travelers Attending the World Cup and Summer Olympic and Paralympic Games in Brazil, 2014 to 2016 SO JAMA INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID IMMUNIZATION PRACTICES ACIP; CUTANEOUS LARVA MIGRANS; MENINGOCOCCAL DISEASE; ADVISORY-COMMITTEE; MASS GATHERINGS; TUNGA-PENETRANS; HEPATITIS-A; EPIDEMIOLOGY; RECOMMENDATIONS; PREVENTION AB IMPORTANCE Travelers from around the globe will attend the 2014 Federation Internationale de Football Association (FIFA) World Cup and the 2016 Olympic and Paralympic Games in Brazil. Travelers to these mass gathering events may be exposed to a range of health risks, including a variety of infectious diseases. Most travelers who become ill will present to their primary care physicians, and thus it is important that clinicians are aware of the risks their patients encountered. OBJECTIVE To highlight health and safety concerns for people traveling to these events in Brazil so that health care practitioners can better prepare travelers before they travel and more effectively diagnose and treat travelers after they return. EVIDENCE REVIEW We reviewed both peer-reviewed and gray literature to identify health outcomes associated with travel to Brazil and mass gatherings. Thirteen specific infectious diseases are described in terms of signs, symptoms, and treatment. Relevant safety and security concerns are also discussed. FINDINGS Travelers to Brazil for mass gathering events face unique health risks associated with their travel. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Travelers should consult a health care practitioner 4 to 6 weeks before travel to Brazil and seek up-to-date information regarding their specific itineraries. For the most up-to-date information, health care practitioners can visit the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Travelers' Health website (http://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel) or review CDC's Yellow Book online (http://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/page/yellowbook-home-2014). C1 [Gaines, Joanna; Sotir, Mark J.; Harvey, Kira A.; Lee, Virginia; Stoney, Rhett J.; Gershman, Mark D.; Brunette, Gary W.; Kozarsky, Phyllis E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Geog Med & Hlth Promot Branch, Div Global Migrat & Quarantine, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Cunningham, Timothy J.] CDC, Epidemiol & Surveillance Branch, Div Populat Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Kozarsky, Phyllis E.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Gaines, J (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Geog Med & Hlth Promot Branch, Div Global Migrat & Quarantine, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mail Stop E-03, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM JGaines@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 61 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 11 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 330 N WABASH AVE, STE 39300, CHICAGO, IL 60611-5885 USA SN 2168-6106 EI 2168-6114 J9 JAMA INTERN MED JI JAMA Intern. Med. PD AUG PY 2014 VL 174 IS 8 BP 1383 EP 1390 DI 10.1001/jamainternmed.2014.2227 PG 8 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA AN2WP UT WOS:000340447000038 PM 24887552 ER PT J AU Peterman, TA Newman, DR Torrone, E Schmitt, K Shiver, S AF Peterman, Thomas A. Newman, Daniel R. Torrone, Elizabeth Schmitt, Karla Shiver, Stacy TI Cumulative Risk of Chlamydial Infection Among Young Women in Florida, 2000-2011 SO JOURNAL OF ADOLESCENT HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Chlamydia trachomatis; Incidence; Prevalence; Surveillance; Epidemiology; Pelvic inflammatory disease ID PELVIC-INFLAMMATORY-DISEASE; SEXUALLY-TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS; TRACHOMATIS GENITAL-INFECTION; UNITED-STATES; US WOMEN; TRENDS; PREVENTION; SEQUELAE; TRIAL; MEN AB Purpose: Chlamydia trachomatis is a very common infection among young women in the United States; information on cumulative risk of infection is limited. We sought to estimate the cumulative risk of chlamydial infection for young women. Methods: We measured cumulative risk of reported chlamydial infection for 14- to 34-year-old women in Florida between 2000 and 2011 using surveillance records and census estimates. We calculated reported infections per woman, analyzed first infections to get cumulative risk, and calculated risk of repeat infection over the 12-year period. Results: There were 457,595 infections reported among 15- to 34-year-old women. Reports increased annually from 25,390 to 51,536. Nineteen-year-olds were at highest risk with 5.1 infections reported per 100 women in 2011. There were 341,671 different women infected. Among women aged 14-17 years in 2000, over 20% had at least one infection reported within 12 years, and among blacks, this risk was over 36%, and that underestimates risk because 18% of cases were missing race/ethnicity information. Repeat infections were common. Among 53,109 with chlamydia at the age of 15-20 years during 2000-2003, 36.7% had additional infections reported by 2011. Conclusions: More than one out of five women in Florida was reported as having chlamydia during her young-adult years; risk was highest for black women. True infection risks were likely much higher because many infections were not diagnosed or reported. Young women who had chlamydia were very likely to get reinfected. Rates of infection remain high despite years of screening. More information is needed on how to prevent chlamydial infection. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine. C1 [Peterman, Thomas A.; Newman, Daniel R.; Torrone, Elizabeth] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Schmitt, Karla; Shiver, Stacy] Florida Dept Hlth, Div Dis Control & Hlth Protect, Tallahassee, FL USA. [Schmitt, Karla] Florida State Univ, Coll Nursing, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. RP Peterman, TA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Mailstop E02,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM tap1@cdc.gov NR 27 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1054-139X EI 1879-1972 J9 J ADOLESCENT HEALTH JI J. Adolesc. Health PD AUG PY 2014 VL 55 IS 2 BP 241 EP 246 DI 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2014.02.006 PG 6 WC Psychology, Developmental; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pediatrics SC Psychology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pediatrics GA AO2GU UT WOS:000341137000014 PM 24704369 ER PT J AU Kilpatrick, SJ Berg, C Bernstein, P Bingham, D Delgado, A Callaghan, WM Harris, K Lanni, S Mahoney, J Main, E Nacht, A Schellpfeffer, M Westover, T Harper, M AF Kilpatrick, Sarah J. Berg, Cynthia Bernstein, Peter Bingham, Debra Delgado, Ana Callaghan, William M. Harris, Karen Lanni, Susan Mahoney, Jeanne Main, Elliot Nacht, Amy Schellpfeffer, Michael Westover, Thomas Harper, Margaret TI Standardized Severe Maternal Morbidity Review Rationale and Process SO OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Review ID SCORING SYSTEM; UNITED-STATES; IDENTIFICATION; PREGNANCY; DELIVERY; HEALTH; WOMEN AB Severe maternal morbidity and mortality have been rising in the United States. To begin a national effort to reduce morbidity, a specific call to identify all pregnant and postpartum women experiencing admission to an intensive care unit or receipt of 4 or more units of blood for routine review has been made. While advocating for review of these cases, no specific guidance for the review process was provided. Therefore, the aim of this expert opinion is to present guidelines for a standardized severe maternal morbidity interdisciplinary review process to identify systems, professional, and facility factors that can be ameliorated, with the overall goal of improving institutional obstetric safety and reducing severe morbidity and mortality among pregnant and recently pregnant women. This opinion was developed by a multidisciplinary working group that included general obstetrician-gynecologists, maternal-fetal medicine subspecialists, certified nurse-midwives, and registered nurses all with experience in maternal mortality reviews. A process for standardized review of severe maternal morbidity addressing committee organization, review process, medical record abstraction and assessment, review culture, data management, review timing, and review confidentiality is presented. Reference is made to a sample severe maternal morbidity abstraction and assessment form. C1 [Kilpatrick, Sarah J.] Cedars Sinai Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Los Angeles, CA 90048 USA. Montefiore Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Bronx, NY 10467 USA. Univ Florida, Coll Med, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA. Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Richmond, VA USA. Calif Pacific Hosp, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, San Francisco, CA USA. Med Coll Wisconsin, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Milwaukee, WI 53226 USA. Wake Forest Univ, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Winston Salem, NC 27109 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. Assoc Womens Hlth Obstet & Neonatal Nurses, Washington, DC USA. Amer Coll Obstetricians & Gynecologists, Washington, DC 20024 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Obstet Gynecol & Reprod Sci, San Francisco, CA USA. Univ Colorado, Coll Nursing, Aurora, CO USA. Rowan Univ, Cooper Univ Hosp, Cooper Med Sch, Camden, NJ USA. RP Kilpatrick, SJ (reprint author), Cedars Sinai Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, 8635 West Third St,Suite 160W, Los Angeles, CA 90048 USA. EM Kilpatricks@cshs.org FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 15 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 4 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0029-7844 EI 1873-233X J9 OBSTET GYNECOL JI Obstet. Gynecol. PD AUG PY 2014 VL 124 IS 2 BP 361 EP 366 DI 10.1097/AOG.0000000000000397 PN 1 PG 6 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA AO4NT UT WOS:000341317600022 PM 25004341 ER PT J AU Nayak, AP Hettick, JM Siegel, PD Anderson, SE Long, CM Green, BJ Beezhold, DH AF Nayak, Ajay P. Hettick, Justin M. Siegel, Paul D. Anderson, Stacey E. Long, Carrie M. Green, Brett J. Beezhold, Donald H. TI Toluene Diisocyanate (TDI) Disposition and Co-Localization of Immune Cells in Hair Follicles SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE diisocyanates; langerin; dendritic cells; allergy ID METHYLENE DIPHENYL DIISOCYANATE; LANGERIN(+) DENDRITIC CELLS; EPIDERMAL LANGERHANS CELLS; OCCUPATIONAL ASTHMA; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; ASPERGILLUS-TERREUS; SKIN EXPOSURE; T-CELLS; IN-VIVO; RECOMBINANT TERRELYSIN AB Diisocyanates (dNCOs) are potent chemical allergens utilized in various industries. It has been proposed that skin exposure to dNCOs produces immune sensitization leading to work-related asthma and allergic disease. We examined dNCOs sensitization by using a dermal murine model of toluene diisocyanate (TDI) exposure to characterize the disposition of TDI in the skin, identify the predominant haptenated proteins, and discern the associated antigen uptake by dendritic cells. Ears of BALB/c mice were dosed once with TDI (0.1% or 4% v/v acetone). Ears and draining lymph nodes (DLNs) were excised at selected time points between 1 h and 15 days post-exposure and were processed for histological, immunohistochemical, and proteomic analyses. Monoclonal antibodies specific for TDI-haptenated protein (TDI-hp) and antibodies to various cell markers were utilized with confocal microscopy to determine co-localization patterns. Histopathological changes were observed following exposure in ear tissue of mice dosed with 4% TDI/acetone. Immunohistochemical staining demonstrated TDI-hp localization in the stratum corneum, hair follicles, and sebaceous glands. TDI-hp were co-localized with CD11b(+) (integrin alpha M/Mac-1), CD207(+) (langerin), and CD103(+) (integrin alpha E) cells in the hair follicles and in sebaceous glands. TDI-hp were also identified in the DLN 1 h post-exposure. Cytoskeletal and cuticular keratins along with mouse serum albumin were identified as major haptenated species in the skin. The results of this study demonstrate that the stratum corneum, hair follicles, and associated sebaceous glands in mice are dendritic cell accessible reservoirs for TDI-hp and thus identify a mechanism for immune recognition following epicutaneous exposure to TDI. C1 [Nayak, Ajay P.; Hettick, Justin M.; Siegel, Paul D.; Anderson, Stacey E.; Long, Carrie M.; Green, Brett J.; Beezhold, Donald H.] NIOSH, Allergy & Clin Immunol Branch, Hlth Effects Lab Div, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Long, Carrie M.] W Virginia Univ, Sch Med, Dept Microbiol Immunol & Cell Biol, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. RP Nayak, AP (reprint author), NIOSH, Allergy & Clin Immunol Branch, Hlth Effects Lab Div, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1095 Willowdale Rd, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM fyg1@cdc.gov FU National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [AES 12007-00100000] FX National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences-Inter Agency Agreement (AES 12007-00100000). NR 62 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 12 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 EI 1096-0929 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD AUG PY 2014 VL 140 IS 2 BP 327 EP 337 DI 10.1093/toxsci/kfu079 PG 11 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA AN6DL UT WOS:000340684100008 PM 24798378 ER PT J AU Petersen, LR Epstein, JS AF Petersen, Lyle R. Epstein, Jay S. TI Chikungunya virus: new risk to transfusion safety in the Americas SO TRANSFUSION LA English DT Editorial Material ID WEST-NILE-VIRUS; DENGUE HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER; TEXAS-MEXICO BORDER; INDIAN-OCEAN; BLOOD-TRANSFUSION; REUNION ISLAND; 2005-2006 OUTBREAK; AEDES-ALBOPICTUS; LA REUNION; INFECTION C1 [Petersen, Lyle R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Epstein, Jay S.] US FDA, Off Blood Res & Review, Ctr Biol Evaluat & Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP Petersen, LR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM lxp2@cdc.gov NR 47 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 7 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0041-1132 EI 1537-2995 J9 TRANSFUSION JI Transfusion PD AUG PY 2014 VL 54 IS 8 BP 1911 EP 1915 DI 10.1111/trf.12790 PG 5 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA AN5AI UT WOS:000340601000029 PM 25130331 ER PT J AU Flegal, KM Kit, BK Graubard, BI AF Flegal, Katherine M. Kit, Brian K. Graubard, Barry I. TI Body Mass Index Categories in Observational Studies of Weight and Risk of Death SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE body mass index; body weight; epidemiologic methods; mortality; obesity; overweight ID ALL-CAUSE MORTALITY; PROSPECTIVE COHORT; OBESITY; OVERWEIGHT; ADIPOSITY; ADULTS; WOMEN; MEN; US; ASSOCIATION AB The World Health Organization (Geneva, Switzerland) and the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (Bethesda, Maryland) have developed standard categories of body mass index (BMI) (calculated as weight (kg)/height (m) 2) of less than 18.5 (underweight), 18.5-24.9 (normal weight), 25.0-29.9 (overweight), and 30.0 or more (obesity). Nevertheless, studies of BMI and the risk of death sometimes use nonstandard BMI categories that vary across studies. In a meta-analysis of 8 large studies that used nonstandard BMI categories and were published between 1999 and 2014 and included 5.8 million participants, hazard ratios tended to be small throughout the range of overweight and normal weight. Risks were similar between subjects of high-normal weight (BMI of approximately 23.0-24.9) and those of low overweight (BMI of approximately 25.0-27.4). In an example using national survey data, minor variations in the reference category affected hazard ratios. For example, choosing high-normal weight (BMI of 23.0-24.9) instead of standard normal weight (BMI of 18.5-24.9) as the reference category produced higher nonsignificant hazard ratios (1.05 vs. 0.97 for men and 1.06 vs. 1.02 for women) for the standard overweight category (BMI of 25.0-29.9). Use of the standard BMI groupings avoids problems of ad hoc and post hoc category selection and facilitates between-study comparisons. The ways in which BMI data are categorized and reported may shape inferences about the degree of risk for various BMI categories. C1 [Flegal, Katherine M.; Kit, Brian K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. [Graubard, Barry I.] NCI, Div Canc Epidemiol & Genet, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Flegal, KM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, 3311 Toledo Rd,Room 4336, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. EM kmf2@cdc.gov OI Flegal, Katherine/0000-0002-0838-469X FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 45 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 18 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 EI 1476-6256 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD AUG 1 PY 2014 VL 180 IS 3 BP 288 EP 296 DI 10.1093/aje/kwu111 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AN2RK UT WOS:000340432800009 PM 24893710 ER PT J AU Allen, KD Golightly, YM Callahan, LF Helmick, CG Ibrahim, SA Kwoh, CK Renner, JB Jordan, JM AF Allen, Kelli D. Golightly, Yvonne M. Callahan, Leigh F. Helmick, Charles G. Ibrahim, Said A. Kwoh, C. Kent Renner, Jordan B. Jordan, Joanne M. TI Race and Sex Differences in Willingness to Undergo Total Joint Replacement: The Johnston County Osteoarthritis Project SO ARTHRITIS CARE & RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID TOTAL KNEE REPLACEMENT; TOTAL HIP-ARTHROPLASTY; PATIENT EXPECTATIONS; AFRICAN-AMERICANS; SOCIAL SUPPORT; UNITED-STATES; SURGERY; OUTCOMES; DISPARITIES; PREFERENCES AB Objective. Using data from the community-based Johnston County Osteoarthritis Project, we examined race and sex variations in willingness to undergo, and perceptions regarding, total joint replacement (TJR). Methods. Analyses were conducted for the total sample who participated in a followup measurement period from 2006-2010 (n = 1,522) and a subsample with symptomatic hip and/or knee osteoarthritis (sOA; n = 445). Participants indicated how willing they would be to have TJR (hip or knee) if their doctor recommended it; responses were categorized as "definitely" or "probably" willing versus "unsure," "probably not," or "definitely not" willing, or "don't know." Participants answered 7 questions regarding perceptions of TJR outcomes. Multivariable logistic regression models of willingness included participant characteristics (including socioeconomic status) and TJR perception variables that were associated with willingness at the P < 0.1 level in bivariate analyses. Results. African Americans had lower odds of willingness to undergo TJR than whites in the total sample (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 0.47 [95% confidence interval (95% CI) 0.31-0.72]) and the sOA subsample (adjusted OR 0.42 [95% CI 0.25-0.69]). There were no sex differences in willingness. African Americans expected poorer TJR outcomes than whites, but sex differences were minimal; perceptions of TJR outcomes were not significantly associated with willingness. Conclusion. In this community sample, race differences in TJR willingness and perceptions were substantial, but sex differences were small. Perceptions of TJR did not appear to affect willingness or explain race differences in willingness. C1 [Allen, Kelli D.] Durham VA Med Ctr, Durham, NC 27705 USA. [Allen, Kelli D.] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Durham, NC USA. [Golightly, Yvonne M.; Callahan, Leigh F.; Renner, Jordan B.; Jordan, Joanne M.] Univ N Carolina, Thurston Arthrit Res Ctr, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Helmick, Charles G.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Ibrahim, Said A.] Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Philadelphia, PA USA. [Ibrahim, Said A.] Perelman Univ Penn, Sch Med, Philadelphia, PA USA. [Kwoh, C. Kent] Univ Arizona, Tucson, AZ USA. RP Allen, KD (reprint author), Durham VA Med Ctr, Hlth Serv Res & Dev Serv 152, 508 Fulton St, Durham, NC 27705 USA. EM kelli.allen@duke.edu FU CDC/Association of Schools of Public Health [S1734, S3486]; National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases Multipurpose Arthritis and Musculoskeletal Disease Center [5-P60-AR30701]; National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases Multidisciplinary Clinical Research Center [5-P60-AR49465-03]; Arthritis Foundation Postdoctoral Fellowship Award; K24 Award from the National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases [1-K24-AR-055259-01]; Sci Metrika, LLC.; Pfizer FX Supported in part by the CDC/Association of Schools of Public Health (cooperative agreements S1734 and S3486), the National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases Multipurpose Arthritis and Musculoskeletal Disease Center (grant 5-P60-AR30701), the National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases Multidisciplinary Clinical Research Center (grant 5-P60-AR49465-03), and an Arthritis Foundation Postdoctoral Fellowship Award to Dr. Golightly. Dr. Ibrahim's work was supported by a K24 Award from the National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (grant 1-K24-AR-055259-01).; Dr. Callahan has received consultancy fees, speaking fees, and/or honoraria (less than $10,000 each) from Sci Metrika, LLC. Dr. Kwoh has received consultancy fees, speaking fees, and/or honoraria (less than $10,000) from Pfizer. NR 39 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 2151-464X EI 2151-4658 J9 ARTHRIT CARE RES JI Arthritis Care Res. PD AUG PY 2014 VL 66 IS 8 BP 1193 EP 1202 DI 10.1002/acr.22295 PG 10 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA AN1PR UT WOS:000340356600008 PM 24470235 ER PT J AU Graham, UM Tseng, MT Jasinski, JB Yokel, RA Unrine, JM Davis, BH Dozier, AK Hardas, SS Sultana, R Grulke, EA Butterfield, DA AF Graham, Uschi M. Tseng, Michael T. Jasinski, Jacek B. Yokel, Robert A. Unrine, Jason M. Davis, Burtron H. Dozier, Alan K. Hardas, Sarita S. Sultana, Rukhsana Grulke, Eric A. Butterfield, D. Allan TI In Vivo Processing of Ceria Nanoparticles inside Liver: Impact on Free-Radical Scavenging Activity and Oxidative Stress SO CHEMPLUSCHEM LA English DT Article DE biotransformations; cellular chemistry; cerium; nanoparticles; redox chemistry ID ENGINEERED NANOPARTICLES; OXIDE; SIZE; BIODISTRIBUTION; BIOPERSISTENCE; NANOMATERIAL; FIBROBLASTS; NANOCERIA AB The cytotoxicity of ceria ultimately lies in its electronic structure, which is defined by the crystal structure, composition, and size. Despite previous studies focused on ceria uptake, distribution, biopersistance, and cellular effects, little is known about its chemical and structural stability and solubility once sequestered inside the liver. Mechanisms will be presented that elucidate the in vivo transformation in the liver. In vivo processed ceria reveals a particle-size effect towards the formation of ultrafines, which represent a second generation of ceria. A measurable change in the valence reduction of the second-generation ceria can be linked to an increased free-radical scavenging potential. The in vivo processing of the ceria nanoparticles in the liver occurs in temporal relation to the brain cellular and protein clearance responses that stem from the ceria uptake. This information is critical to establish a possible link between cellular processes and the observed in vivo transformation of ceria. The temporal linkage between the reversal of the pro-oxidant effect (brain) and ceria transformation (liver) suggests a cause-effect relationship. C1 [Graham, Uschi M.; Davis, Burtron H.] Univ Kentucky, Ctr Appl Energy Res, Lexington, KY 40511 USA. [Graham, Uschi M.; Davis, Burtron H.] Univ Kentucky, Catalysis Res & Testing Ctr, Lexington, KY 40511 USA. [Tseng, Michael T.] Univ Louisville, Dept Anat Sci & Neurobiol, Louisville, KY 40204 USA. [Jasinski, Jacek B.] Univ Louisville, Conn Ctr Renewable Energy, Louisville, KY 40204 USA. [Yokel, Robert A.] Univ Kentucky, Lexington, KY USA. [Yokel, Robert A.] Univ Kentucky, Grad Ctr Toxicol, Lexington, KY USA. [Unrine, Jason M.] Univ Kentucky, Dept Plant & Soil Sci, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. [Dozier, Alan K.] NIOSH, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Hardas, Sarita S.; Sultana, Rukhsana; Butterfield, D. Allan] Univ Kentucky, Dept Chem, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. [Grulke, Eric A.] Univ Kentucky, Chem & Mat Engn Dept, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. RP Graham, UM (reprint author), Univ Kentucky, Ctr Appl Energy Res, 2540 Res Pk Dr, Lexington, KY 40511 USA. EM graham@liquasol.com FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) [RD-833772] FX The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) is acknowledged for providing financial support (EPA Science to Achieve Results (STAR) Grant RD-833772 and Mr. Matt Hazzard for graphical design) NR 46 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 25 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA BOSCHSTRASSE 12, D-69469 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 2192-6506 J9 CHEMPLUSCHEM JI ChemPlusChem PD AUG PY 2014 VL 79 IS 8 BP 1083 EP 1088 DI 10.1002/cplu.201402080 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA AN3SD UT WOS:000340508000002 PM 26322251 ER PT J AU George, MG Schieb, LJ Ayala, C Talwalkar, A Levant, S AF George, Mary G. Schieb, Linda J. Ayala, Carma Talwalkar, Anjali Levant, Shaleah TI Pulmonary Hypertension Surveillance United States, 2001 to 2010 SO CHEST LA English DT Article ID ARTERIAL-HYPERTENSION; REVEAL REGISTRY; SYSTEMIC-SCLEROSIS; EPIDEMIOLOGY; MORTALITY; SURVIVAL; CLASSIFICATION; DISEASES AB Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is an uncommon but progressive condition, and much of what we know about it comes from specialized disease registries. With expanding research into the diagnosis and treatment of PH, it is important to provide updated surveillance on the impact of this disease on hospitalizations and mortality. This study, which builds on previous PH surveillance of mortality and hospitalization, analyzed mortality data from the National Vital Statistics System and data from the National Hospital Discharge Survey between 2001 and 2010. PH deaths were identified using International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision codes I27.0, I27.2, I27.8, or I27.9 as any contributing cause of death on the death certificate. Hospital discharges associated with PH were identified using International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification codes 416.0, 416.8, or 416.9 as one of up to seven listed medical diagnoses. The decline in death rates associated with PH among men from 1980 to 2005 has reversed and now shows a significant increasing trend. Similarly, the death rates for women with PH have continued to increase significantly during the past decade. PH-associated mortality rates for those aged 85 years and older have accelerated compared with rates for younger age groups. There have been significant declines in PH-associated mortality rates for those with pulmonary embolism and emphysema. Rates of hospitalization for PH have increased significantly for both men and women during the past decade; for those aged 85 years and older, hospitalization rates have nearly doubled. Continued surveillance helps us understand and address the evolving trends in hospitalization and mortality associated with PH and PH-associated conditions, especially regarding sex, age, and race/ethnicity disparities. C1 [George, Mary G.; Schieb, Linda J.; Ayala, Carma] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Heart Dis & Stroke Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30304 USA. [Talwalkar, Anjali; Levant, Shaleah] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. RP George, MG (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Heart Dis & Stroke Prevent, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,Mailstop F-72, Atlanta, GA 30304 USA. EM mgeorge@cdc.gov NR 33 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER COLL CHEST PHYSICIANS PI GLENVIEW PA 2595 PATRIOT BLVD, GLENVIEW, IL 60026 USA SN 0012-3692 J9 CHEST JI Chest PD AUG PY 2014 VL 146 IS 2 BP 476 EP 495 DI 10.1378/chest.14-0527 PG 20 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA AN3JB UT WOS:000340482400053 PM 24700091 ER PT J AU Lehmann, GM Verner, MA Luukinen, B Henning, C Assimon, SA LaKind, JS McLanahan, ED Phillips, LJ Davis, MH Powers, CM Hines, EP Haddad, S Longnecker, MP Poulsen, MT Farrer, DG Marchitti, SA Tan, YM Swartout, JC Sagiv, SK Welsh, C Campbell, JL Foster, WG Yang, RSH Fenton, SE Tornero-Velez, R Francis, BM Barnett, JB El-Masri, HA Simmons, JE AF Lehmann, Geniece M. Verner, Marc-Andre Luukinen, Bryan Henning, Cara Assimon, Sue Anne LaKind, Judy S. McLanahan, Eva D. Phillips, Linda J. Davis, Matthew H. Powers, Christina M. Hines, Erin P. Haddad, Sami Longnecker, Matthew P. Poulsen, Michael T. Farrer, David G. Marchitti, Satori A. Tan, Yu-Mei Swartout, Jeffrey C. Sagiv, Sharon K. Welsh, Clement Campbell, Jerry L., Jr. Foster, Warren G. Yang, Raymond S. H. Fenton, Suzanne E. Tornero-Velez, Rogelio Francis, Bettina M. Barnett, John B. El-Masri, Hisham A. Simmons, Jane Ellen TI Improving the risk assessment of lipophilic persistent environmental chemicals in breast milk SO CRITICAL REVIEWS IN TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Review DE children; exposure; PBT chemicals; persistent organic pollutants; POPs; research needs; risk assessment; uncertainty ID CHILDRENS HEALTH; POLYCHLORINATED-BIPHENYLS; PARTITION-COEFFICIENTS; LACTATIONAL TRANSFER; UNITED-STATES; PHARMACOKINETIC MODELS; TECHNICAL WORKSHOP; CRITICAL WINDOWS; INFANT EXPOSURE; EXPERT PANEL AB Lipophilic persistent environmental chemicals (LPECs) have the potential to accumulate within a woman's body lipids over the course of many years prior to pregnancy, to partition into human milk, and to transfer to infants upon breastfeeding. As a result of this accumulation and partitioning, a breastfeeding infant's intake of these LPECs may be much greater than his/her mother's average daily exposure. Because the developmental period sets the stage for lifelong health, it is important to be able to accurately assess chemical exposures in early life. In many cases, current human health risk assessment methods do not account for differences between maternal and infant exposures to LPECs or for lifestage-specific effects of exposure to these chemicals. Because of their persistence and accumulation in body lipids and partitioning into breast milk, LPECs present unique challenges for each component of the human health risk assessment process, including hazard identification, dose-response assessment, and exposure assessment. Specific biological modeling approaches are available to support both dose-response and exposure assessment for lactational exposures to LPECs. Yet, lack of data limits the application of these approaches. The goal of this review is to outline the available approaches and to identify key issues that, if addressed, could improve efforts to apply these approaches to risk assessment of lactational exposure to these chemicals. C1 [Lehmann, Geniece M.; McLanahan, Eva D.; Powers, Christina M.; Hines, Erin P.; Tan, Yu-Mei; Tornero-Velez, Rogelio; El-Masri, Hisham A.; Simmons, Jane Ellen] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Verner, Marc-Andre] Harvard Univ, Brigham & Womens Hosp, Sch Med, Channing Div Network Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Luukinen, Bryan; Henning, Cara] ICF Int, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Assimon, Sue Anne] US FDA, Ctr Food Safety & Appl Nutr, College Pk, MD USA. [LaKind, Judy S.] LaKind Associates LLC, Catonsville, MD USA. [LaKind, Judy S.] Univ Maryland Sch Med, Dept Epidemiol & Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. [LaKind, Judy S.] Penn State Univ Coll Med, Dept Pediat, Hershey, PA USA. [Phillips, Linda J.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Davis, Matthew H.] US EPA, Off Childrens Hlth Protect, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Haddad, Sami] Univ Quebec, Dept Environm Hlth & Occupat Hlth, IRSPUM Univ Montreal Publ Hlth Res Inst, Montreal, PQ H3C 3P8, Canada. [Longnecker, Matthew P.; Fenton, Suzanne E.] NIEHS, NIH, US Dept HHS, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Poulsen, Michael T.] Oregon Dept Environm Qual, Portland, OR USA. [Farrer, David G.] Oregon Hlth Author, Portland, OR USA. [Marchitti, Satori A.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Athens, GA USA. [Swartout, Jeffrey C.] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. [Sagiv, Sharon K.] Boston Univ Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth, Boston, MA USA. [Welsh, Clement] Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registry, Div Toxicol & Human Hlth Sci, Atlanta, GA USA. [Campbell, Jerry L., Jr.] Hamner Inst Hlth Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Foster, Warren G.] McMaster Univ, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Hamilton, ON, Canada. [Yang, Raymond S. H.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Environm & Radiol Hlth Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Francis, Bettina M.] Univ Illinois, Dept Entomol, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Barnett, John B.] West Virginia Univ Sch Med, Dept Microbiol Immunol & Cell Biol, Morgantown, WV USA. RP Lehmann, GM (reprint author), US EPA, MD B243-01,4930 Old Page Rd, Durham, NC 27703 USA. EM lehmann.geniece@epa.gov RI Haddad, Sami/F-4537-2012; OI Haddad, Sami/0000-0001-8906-9693; Hines, Erin Pias/0000-0002-2458-6267; Verner, Marc-Andre/0000-0002-1935-8913; Longnecker, Matthew/0000-0001-6073-5322 FU U.S. EPA [EP-C-09-009, 2-62, 3-62, 4-62]; Intramural Research Program of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS); NIH FX The employment affiliation of the authors is shown on the cover page. The following authors were participants in a multidisciplinary workshop that served as the basis for this review paper: MAV, SAA, JSL, MHD, SH, MPL, MTP, DGF, YMT, SKS, CW, JCS, JLC, WGF, BMF, RSHY, JBB, HAE, SEF, JES, and RT. Some workshop participants chose not to participate as authors in the development of this review. Those individuals are acknowledged in the preceding section. The workshop was co-chaired by GML and EDM. ICF International organized the workshop under contract from the U.S. EPA (Contract No. EP-C-09-009, Work Assignments 2-62, 3-62, and 4-62). Workshop organization functions performed by ICF International included the independent identification and selection of workshop participants. ICF International is a for-profit firm providing professional services and technology solutions to clients in the following markets: energy, environment, and infrastructure; health, social programs, and consumer/financial; and public safety and defense. ICF International provides these services to both government and private sector clients. This research was also supported [in part] by the Intramural Research Program of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS). The following workshop participants received support for travel and/or lodging: MAV, SAA, JSL, MHD, SH, MTP, DGF, SKS, WGF, BMF, RSHY, and JBB. MAV, SH, SKS, JLC, WGF, BMF, RSHY, JBB, and JSL received an honorarium for their participation in the workshop. LaKind Associates is a private consulting firm specializing in strategic risk management, assessment of human exposures and health risks, biomonitoring, state-of-the-science reviews, and environmental regulatory review; LaKind Associates consults to governmental and private sectors. The Hamner Institutes for Health Sciences is a nonprofit research institute with a primary focus on drug and chemical safety, including the development of methods to improve human health risk assessment. This paper has been reviewed in accordance with the peer and administrative review policies of the U. S. EPA, Food and Drug Administration (FDA), NIEHS, and Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) and approved for publication. The views expressed in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the opinions and/or policies of the U. S. EPA, FDA, NIEHS or ATSDR. The remaining authors are all employees of either state governments or various academic institutions. Many of the academic scientists participating in the workshop and authoring this paper have received financial support for their research programs from the U.S. EPA and/or the NIH. All authors have sole responsibility as individual scientists for the writing and content of this review. The views, conclusions and recommendations are not necessarily those of their employers. NR 80 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 24 PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE PI LONDON PA TELEPHONE HOUSE, 69-77 PAUL STREET, LONDON EC2A 4LQ, ENGLAND SN 1040-8444 EI 1547-6898 J9 CRIT REV TOXICOL JI Crit. Rev. Toxicol. PD AUG PY 2014 VL 44 IS 7 BP 600 EP 617 DI 10.3109/10408444.2014.926306 PG 18 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA AN1QZ UT WOS:000340360000005 PM 25068490 ER PT J AU Marder, EP Garman, KN Ingram, LA Dunn, JR AF Marder, Ellyn P. Garman, Katie N. Ingram, Lily Amanda Dunn, John R. TI Multistate Outbreak of Escherichia coli O157:H7 Associated with Bagged Salad SO FOODBORNE PATHOGENS AND DISEASE LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES AB Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli O157: H7 (STEC O157) is the most commonly identified serotype of STEC in the United States. An estimated 63,000 STEC O157 infections occur annually. Infection typically results in diarrhea, bloody stool, abdominal cramps, and, in some cases, hemolytic uremic syndrome. Recent outbreaks of STEC O157 have increasingly been associated with consumption of leafy greens such as lettuce and spinach. We investigated an outbreak of STEC O157 associated with the consumption of bagged salad with cases clustered in various institutional settings. A case-control study was conducted among cases from selected schools with controls matched by school and grade. Seventeen cases from three U. S. states were identified. The median age of cases was 23 years (range: 3-88) and 13 (76%) were female. Six cases were hospitalized and two died. Onset dates ranged from April 29 to May 12, 2012. The matched case-control analysis identified a single significant food service exposure: consumption of lettuce provided by a school cafeteria (median odds ratio=9.4, 95% confidence interval: 1.4-infinity, p=0.0469). The implicated bagged salad product was traced back to a single production facility. Implicated growing areas were scheduled for heightened inspection for the upcoming growing season. A combination of analytical epidemiologic studies among subclusters of cases, surveillance, and traceback implicated bagged salad in this outbreak investigation. C1 [Marder, Ellyn P.; Garman, Katie N.; Ingram, Lily Amanda; Dunn, John R.] Tennessee Dept Hlth, Nashville, TN 37243 USA. [Marder, Ellyn P.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Council State & Terr Epidemiologists Appl Epidemi, Tennessee Dept Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Marder, EP (reprint author), Tennessee Dept Hlth, 710 James Robertson Pkwy,Andrew Johnson Tower, Nashville, TN 37243 USA. EM ellyn.marder@tn.gov FU Applied Epidemiology Fellowship Program; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) [5U38HM000414-5] FX The authors would like to thank Ellen Salehi from the Ohio Department of Health, Hope Dishman from the Georgia Department of Health, and the Tennessee Department of Health FoodCORE staff for their assistance in this investigation. This report was supported in part by an appointment to the Applied Epidemiology Fellowship Program administered by the Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists (CSTE) and funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Cooperative Agreement Number 5U38HM000414-5. NR 8 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 4 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1535-3141 EI 1556-7125 J9 FOODBORNE PATHOG DIS JI Foodborne Pathog. Dis. PD AUG PY 2014 VL 11 IS 8 BP 593 EP 595 DI 10.1089/fpd.2013.1726 PG 3 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA AN4AX UT WOS:000340531100002 PM 24823788 ER PT J AU Dechet, AM Herman, KM Parker, CC Taormina, P Johanson, J Tauxe, RV Mahon, BE AF Dechet, Amy M. Herman, Karen M. Parker, Cary Chen Taormina, Peter Johanson, Joy Tauxe, Robert V. Mahon, Barbara E. TI Outbreaks Caused by Sprouts, United States, 1998-2010: Lessons Learned and Solutions Needed SO FOODBORNE PATHOGENS AND DISEASE LA English DT Article ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI O157-H7; MUNG BEAN-SEEDS; HIGH HYDROSTATIC-PRESSURE; CONTAMINATED ALFALFA SEEDS; ACIDIFIED SODIUM-CHLORITE; CHEMICAL TREATMENTS; SALMONELLA-TYPHIMURIUM; LISTERIA-MONOCYTOGENES; ELIMINATING SALMONELLA; FOODBORNE PATHOGENS AB After a series of outbreaks associated with sprouts in the mid-1990s, the U. S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) published guidelines in 1999 for sprouts producers to reduce the risk of contamination. The recommendations included treating seeds with an antimicrobial agent such as calcium hypochlorite solution and testing spent irrigation water for pathogens. From 1998 through 2010, 33 outbreaks from seed and bean sprouts were documented in the United States, affecting 1330 reported persons. Twenty-eight outbreaks were caused by Salmonella, four by Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli, and one by Listeria. In 15 of the 18 outbreaks with information available, growers had not followed key FDA guidelines. In three outbreaks, however, the implicated sprouts were produced by firms that appeared to have implemented key FDA guidelines. Although seed chlorination, if consistently applied, reduces pathogen burden on sprouts, it does not eliminate the risk of human infection. Further seed and sprouts disinfection technologies, some recently developed, will be needed to enhance sprouts safety and reduce human disease. Improved seed production practices could also decrease pathogen burden but, because seeds are a globally distributed commodity, will require international cooperation. C1 [Dechet, Amy M.] Portland Providence Med Ctr, Portland, OR 97213 USA. [Herman, Karen M.; Mahon, Barbara E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Enter Dis Epidemiol Branch, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Parker, Cary Chen] US FDA, Off Analyt & Outreach, Ctr Food Safety & Appl Nutr, College Pk, MD USA. [Taormina, Peter] Univ Georgia, Ctr Food Safety, Dept Food Sci & Technol, Griffin, GA USA. [Johanson, Joy] US FDA, Off Food Safety, Ctr Food Safety & Appl Nutr, College Pk, MD USA. [Tauxe, Robert V.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Dechet, AM (reprint author), Portland Providence Med Ctr, 5050 NE Hoyt St,Suite 540, Portland, OR 97213 USA. EM adechet@gmail.com NR 70 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 27 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1535-3141 EI 1556-7125 J9 FOODBORNE PATHOG DIS JI Foodborne Pathog. Dis. PD AUG PY 2014 VL 11 IS 8 BP 635 EP 644 DI 10.1089/fpd.2013.1705 PG 10 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA AN4AX UT WOS:000340531100008 PM 25076040 ER PT J AU Kosa, KM Cates, SC Hall, AJ Brophy, JE Fraser, A AF Kosa, Katherine M. Cates, Sheryl C. Hall, Aron J. Brophy, Jenna E. Fraser, Angela TI Gaps in Food Safety Professionals' Knowledge about Noroviruses SO JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; ACUTE GASTROENTERITIS; FELINE CALICIVIRUS; VIRUS TRANSFER; DISEASE; OUTBREAKS; ENGLAND; CONTAMINATION; EPIDEMIOLOGY; SURVEILLANCE AB Noroviruses (NoVs) are the most common etiologic agents of endemic and epidemic foodborne disease in the United States. Food safety professionals play an important role in protecting the public from foodborne illness. A survey of food safety professionals (n = 314) was conducted to characterize their knowledge of NoVs and to identify gaps in this knowledge. To recruit individuals, 25 professional organizations promoted the survey via their Web sites, newsletters, and/or e-mail distribution lists. The survey used true or false and open-ended questions to assess knowledge about NoVs, including attribution, transmission, and prevention and control strategies, including food handling practices. The online survey was available from mid-October 2012 to mid-January 2013. Of the 314 respondents, 66.2% correctly identified NoVs as one of the three most common causes of foodborne disease in the United States. Only 5.4% of respondents correctly identified the three most common settings for NoV infections, and 65.0% of respondents had the misperception that cruise ships are one of the three most common settings. Seventeen respondents (5.4%) answered all 20 true-or-false questions correctly, 33 respondents (10.5%) answered at least 19 of the 20 questions correctly, and 186 respondents (65.0%) answered at least 15 of the 20 questions correctly (i.e., a score of 75% or higher). The. content domain in which respondents had the most incorrect answers was food handling practices. Thirty-eight percent of respondents incorrectly responded that it is safe for restaurant workers infected with NoVs to handle packaged food, food equipment, and utensils. About half of respondents did not know the recommended sanitizing solution for eliminating NoVs from a contaminated surface: The survey findings identified several important gaps in food safety professionals' knowledge of NoVs. The study results will inform the development of a Web-based educational module on NoVs to improve efforts to prevent the spread of NoVs in retail and institutional food establishments. C1 [Kosa, Katherine M.; Cates, Sheryl C.; Brophy, Jenna E.] RTI Int, Food & Nutr Policy Res, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Hall, Aron J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Fraser, Angela] Clemson Univ, Dept Food Nutr & Packaging Sci, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. RP Kosa, KM (reprint author), RTI Int, Food & Nutr Policy Res, 3040 East Cornwallis Rd,POB 12194, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM kkosa@rti.org FU Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Competitive Grant from the USDA, National Institute of Food and Agriculture [2011-68003-30395] FX This research was funded in part through a grant from the Agriculture and Food Research Initiative Competitive Grant No. 2011-68003-30395 from the USDA, National Institute of Food and Agriculture. We thank the professional organizations that we worked with to disseminate the survey and all the individuals who took the time to respond to the survey. NR 31 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 8 PU INT ASSOC FOOD PROTECTION PI DES MOINES PA 6200 AURORA AVE SUITE 200W, DES MOINES, IA 50322-2863 USA SN 0362-028X EI 1944-9097 J9 J FOOD PROTECT JI J. Food Prot. PD AUG PY 2014 VL 77 IS 8 BP 1336 EP 1341 DI 10.4315/0362-028X.JFP-13-550 PG 6 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology GA AM6YR UT WOS:000340012400010 PM 25198594 ER PT J AU Hanson, H Hancock, WT Harrison, C Kornstein, L Waechter, H Reddy, V Luker, J Malavet, M Huth, P Gieraltowski, L Balter, S AF Hanson, Heather Hancock, W. Thane Harrison, Cassandra Kornstein, Laura Waechter, Haena Reddy, Vasudha Luker, John Malavet, Michelle Huth, Paula Gieraltowski, Laura Balter, Sharon TI Creating Student Sleuths: How a Team of Graduate Students Helped Solve an Outbreak of Salmonella Heidelberg Infections Associated with Kosher Broiled Chicken Livers SO JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION LA English DT Article ID RISK-FACTORS; FOODNET SITES; NUGGETS; FROZEN; SURVEILLANCE; PRODUCTS; PROGRAM; CANADA; STRIPS AB Since 2009, the New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene (DOHMH) has received FoodCORE funding to hire graduate students to conduct in-depth food exposure interviews of salmonellosis case patients. In 2011, an increase in the number of Salmonella Heidelberg infections with pulsed-field gel electrophoresis XbaI pattern JF6X01.0022 among observant Jewish communities in New York and New Jersey was investigated. As this pattern is common nationwide, some cases identified were not associated with the outbreak. To reduce the number of background cases, DOHME focused on the community initially identified in the outbreak and defined a case as a person infected with the outbreak strain of Salmonella Heidelberg with illness onset from 1 April to 17 November 2011 and who consumed a kosher diet, spoke Yiddish, or self-identified as Jewish. Nationally, 190 individuals were infected with the outbreak strain of Salmonella Heidelberg; 63 New York City residents met the DOHMH case definition. In October 2011, the graduate students (Team Salmonella) interviewed three case patients who reported eating broiled chicken livers. Laboratory testing of chicken liver samples revealed the outbreak strain of Salmonella Heidelberg. Although they were only partially cooked, the livers appeared fully cooked, and consumers and retail establishment food handlers did not cook them thoroughly before eating or using them in a ready-to-eat spread. This investigation highlighted the need to prevent further illnesses from partially cooked chicken products. Removing background cases helped to focus the investigation. Training graduate students to collect exposure information can be a highly effective model for conducting foodborne disease surveillance and outbreak investigations for local and state departments of public health. C1 [Hanson, Heather; Harrison, Cassandra; Kornstein, Laura; Waechter, Haena; Reddy, Vasudha; Balter, Sharon] New York City Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, New York, NY 11101 USA. [Hancock, W. Thane; Gieraltowski, Laura] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Luker, John] New York State Dept Agr & Markets, Albany, NY 12235 USA. [Malavet, Michelle] New Jersey Dept Hlth, Trenton, NJ 08625 USA. [Huth, Paula] New York State Dept Hlth, Albany, NY 12237 USA. RP Waechter, H (reprint author), New York City Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, New York, NY 11101 USA. EM hwaechte@health.nyc.gov FU FoodCORE Program; FoodCORE; APHL; FSIS FX This work was supported by funding through the FoodCORE Program. We thank FoodCORE, APHL, and FSIS for their continued support. We also acknowledge all of the Team Salmonella graduate students who have worked since 2009 performing enhanced Salmonella surveillance. NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU INT ASSOC FOOD PROTECTION PI DES MOINES PA 6200 AURORA AVE SUITE 200W, DES MOINES, IA 50322-2863 USA SN 0362-028X EI 1944-9097 J9 J FOOD PROTECT JI J. Food Prot. PD AUG PY 2014 VL 77 IS 8 BP 1390 EP 1393 DI 10.4315/0362-028X.JFP-13-564 PG 4 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology GA AM6YR UT WOS:000340012400018 PM 25198602 ER PT J AU Mirkovic, KR Perrine, CG Scanlon, KS Grummer-Strawn, LM AF Mirkovic, Kelsey R. Perrine, Cria G. Scanlon, Kelley S. Grummer-Strawn, Laurence M. TI In the United States, a Mother's Plans for Infant Feeding Are Associated with Her Plans for Employment SO JOURNAL OF HUMAN LACTATION LA English DT Article DE breastfeeding; breastfeeding intentions; employment; maternity leave; work status ID PREGNANCY RISK-ASSESSMENT; OCCUPATIONAL CHARACTERISTICS; MONITORING-SYSTEM; MATERNITY LEAVE; WORK STATUS; 1ST YEAR; DURATION; WOMEN; INITIATION; POSTPARTUM AB Background: The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends 6 months of exclusive breastfeeding, however, only 16% of US infants meet this recommendation. Shorter exclusive/predominant breastfeeding durations have been observed from women who return to work early and/or full-time. Objective: We assessed the relationship between prenatal plans for maternity leave duration and return to full-time/part-time status and plans for exclusive breastfeeding. Methods: This study included 2348 prenatally employed women from the Infant Feeding Practices Study II (2005-2007) who planned to return to work in the first year postpartum. Bivariate analysis and logistic regression were used to describe the association of maternity leave duration and return status with plans for infant feeding. Results: Overall, 59.5% of mothers planned to exclusively breastfeed in the first few weeks. Mothers planning to return to work within 6 weeks had 0.60 times the odds (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.46-0.77) and mothers planning to return between 7 and 12 weeks had 0.72 times the odds (95% CI, 0.56-0.92) of planning to exclusively breastfeed compared with mothers who were planning to return after 12 weeks. Prenatal plans to return full-time (>= 30 hours/week vs part-time) were also associated with lower odds of planning to exclusively breastfeed (adjusted odds ratio = 0.61; 95% CI, 0.51-0.77). Conclusion: Mothers planning to return to work before 12 weeks and/or full-time were less likely to plan to exclusively breastfeed. Longer maternity leave and/or part-time return schedules may increase the proportion of mothers who plan to exclusively breastfeed. C1 [Mirkovic, Kelsey R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Intelligence Serv, Off Publ Hlth Sci Serv, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Mirkovic, Kelsey R.; Perrine, Cria G.; Scanlon, Kelley S.; Grummer-Strawn, Laurence M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Mirkovic, KR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, 4770 Buford Highway NE,Mailstop F-77, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM kmirkovic@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 33 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 6 U2 16 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0890-3344 EI 1552-5732 J9 J HUM LACT JI J. Hum. Lact. PD AUG PY 2014 VL 30 IS 3 BP 292 EP 297 DI 10.1177/0890334414535665 PG 6 WC Nursing; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Pediatrics SC Nursing; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Pediatrics GA AN2OB UT WOS:000340424100010 PM 24868017 ER PT J AU Gavin, L Moskosky, S AF Gavin, Lorrie Moskosky, Susan TI Improving the Quality of Family Planning Services: The Role of New Federal Recommendations SO JOURNAL OF WOMENS HEALTH LA English DT Article ID CLINICAL-PRACTICE GUIDELINES; ALLIED HEALTH-PROFESSIONS; IMPLEMENTATION STRATEGIES; PRECONCEPTION CARE; UNITED-STATES AB This article provides a brief overview of Federal guidelines developed by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the United States Office of Population Affairs on how to deliver quality family planning services. This article describes how the recommendations were developed, summarizes key points, and outlines steps that will be taken to disseminate and increase the use of the recommendations by primary care providers. C1 [Gavin, Lorrie] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Moskosky, Susan] US Dept HHS, Off Populat Affairs, Rockville, MD USA. RP Gavin, L (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Highway, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM lcg6@cdc.gov NR 33 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1540-9996 EI 1931-843X J9 J WOMENS HEALTH JI J. Womens Health PD AUG PY 2014 VL 23 IS 8 BP 636 EP 641 DI 10.1089/jwh.2014.4865 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Women's Studies SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Women's Studies GA AN4BF UT WOS:000340531900004 PM 25045968 ER PT J AU Farr, SL Denk, CE Dahms, EW Dietz, PM AF Farr, Sherry L. Denk, Charles E. Dahms, Elizabeth W. Dietz, Patricia M. TI Evaluating Universal Education and Screening for Postpartum Depression Using Population-Based Data SO JOURNAL OF WOMENS HEALTH LA English DT Article ID PERINATAL DEPRESSION; WOMEN; MANAGEMENT AB Background: In 2006, New Jersey was the first state to mandate prenatal education and screening at hospital delivery for postpartum depression. We sought to evaluate provision of prenatal education and screening at delivery, estimate the prevalence of postpartum depressive symptoms, and identify venues where additional screening and education could occur. Methods: For women who delivered live infants during 2009 and 2010 in New Jersey, data on Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale scores assessed at hospital delivery and recorded on birth records were linked to survey data from the Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (PRAMS), a population-based survey of mothers completed 2-8 months postpartum (n = 2,391). The PRAMS survey assesses postpartum depressive symptoms and whether the woman's prenatal care provider discussed the signs and symptoms of perinatal depression with her, used as a proxy for prenatal education on depression. Results: Two-thirds (67.0%) of women reported that a prenatal care provider discussed depression with them and 89.6% were screened for depression at hospital delivery. Among the 13% of women with depressive symptoms at hospital delivery or later in the postpartum period, over a third were Women, Infants, and Children program (WIC) participants, 13% to 32% had an infant in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU), over 80% attended the maternal postpartum check-up, and over 88% of their infants attended >= 1 well baby visits. Conclusions: Prenatal education and screening for depression at hospital delivery is feasible and results in the majority of women being educated and screened. However, missed opportunities for education and screening exist. More information is needed on how to utilize WIC, NICU, and well baby and postpartum encounters to ensure effective education, accurate diagnosis, and treatment for depressed mothers. C1 [Farr, Sherry L.; Dietz, Patricia M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Denk, Charles E.; Dahms, Elizabeth W.] New Jersey Dept Hlth, Trenton, NJ USA. RP Farr, SL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Highway,MS K-23, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM SFarr@cdc.gov NR 16 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 10 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1540-9996 EI 1931-843X J9 J WOMENS HEALTH JI J. Womens Health PD AUG PY 2014 VL 23 IS 8 BP 657 EP 663 DI 10.1089/jwh.2013.4586 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Women's Studies SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Women's Studies GA AN4BF UT WOS:000340531900007 PM 25072299 ER PT J AU Sinclair, S Cunnington, M Messenheimer, J Weil, J Cragan, J Lowensohn, R Yerby, M Tennis, P AF Sinclair, Susan Cunnington, Marianne Messenheimer, John Weil, John Cragan, Janet Lowensohn, Richard Yerby, Mark Tennis, Patricia TI Advantages and problems with pregnancy registries: observations and surprises throughout the life of the International Lamotrigine Pregnancy Registry SO PHARMACOEPIDEMIOLOGY AND DRUG SAFETY LA English DT Review DE pregnancy; registry; lamotrigine; birth defects; methodology; pharmacoepidemiology ID ANTIEPILEPTIC DRUGS; ANTICONVULSANT DRUGS; EXPOSURE REGISTRIES; CLEFT-PALATE; INFANTS; MALFORMATIONS; ENROLLMENT; OUTCOMES; EPILEPSY; RISKS AB Purpose The International Lamotrigine Pregnancy Registry monitored for a signal of a substantial increase in the frequency of major congenital malformations associated with lamotrigine exposures in pregnancy over an 18-year period. Key methodological lessons are discussed. Methods The strengths and weaknesses of the Registry were assessed using quantifiable methodological and operational parameters including enrollment, completeness of exposure and outcome data reporting, and lost to follow-up. The choice of comparator groups and stopping rules for registry closure were critically evaluated. Results The reliance on voluntary reporting was associated with a clustered geographical distribution of registered pregnancies. The enrollment rate increased over time with new approvals and indications for lamotrigine and publication of interim data. Reporter burden was minimized through a streamlined data collection approach resulting in a high level of completeness of exposure and primary outcome data. Lost to follow-up rates were high (28.5% overall) representing a major limitation; incentives to increase the completeness of reporting failed to reduce rates. A lack of an internal comparator group complicated data interpretation; but external comparisons with multiple external groups allowed an assessment of consistency of outcome data across multiple data sources. A lack of a priori closure criteria prolonged the life of the Registry, and consideration of regulatory guidelines on this subject is encouraged at the time of conception of future registries. Conclusions A successful pregnancy exposure registry requires ongoing flexibility and continuous re-assessment of enrollment, recruitment, and retention methods and the availability of comparison data, throughout its lifecycle. Copyright (C) 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [Sinclair, Susan] Univ N Carolina, Wilmington, NC 28403 USA. [Sinclair, Susan] INC Res LLC, Wilmington, NC USA. [Cunnington, Marianne; Weil, John] GlaxoSmithKline, Worldwide Epidemiol, Uxbridge, Middx, England. [Messenheimer, John] GlaxoSmithKline, Clin Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Cragan, Janet] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA USA. [Lowensohn, Richard] Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Portland, OR 97201 USA. [Yerby, Mark] North Pacific Neurol Res, Portland, OR USA. [Tennis, Patricia] RTI Int, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. RP Sinclair, S (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, 601 South Coll Rd, Wilmington, NC 28403 USA. EM sinclairs@uncw.edu FU GlaxoSmithKline FX This review was sponsored by GlaxoSmithKline. NR 39 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 6 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1053-8569 EI 1099-1557 J9 PHARMACOEPIDEM DR S JI Pharmacoepidemiol. Drug Saf. PD AUG PY 2014 VL 23 IS 8 BP 779 EP 786 DI 10.1002/pds.3659 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA AN1PG UT WOS:000340355200001 PM 24974947 ER PT J AU Yong, LC Pinkerton, LE Yiin, JH Anderson, JL Deddens, JA AF Yong, Lee C. Pinkerton, Lynne E. Yiin, James H. Anderson, Jeri L. Deddens, James A. TI Mortality Among a Cohort of US Commercial Airline Cockpit Crew SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE cancer; cockpit crew; cohort study; cosmic radiation; mortality; occupation; pilots ID COSMIC-RADIATION EXPOSURE; PROFESSIONAL FLIGHT CREW; LONG-HAUL FLIGHTS; CANCER INCIDENCE; AIRCRAFT ALTITUDES; RISK-FACTORS; PILOTS; ATTENDANTS; POPULATION; DISRUPTION AB Background We evaluated mortality among 5,964 former U. S. commercial cockpit crew (pilots and flight engineers). The outcomes of a priori interest were non-chronic lymphocytic leukemia, central nervous system (CNS) cancer (including brain), and malignant melanoma. Methods Vital status was ascertained through 2008. Life table and Cox regression analyses were conducted. Cumulative exposure to cosmic radiation was estimated from work history data. Results Compared to the U. S. general population, mortality from all causes, all cancer, and cardiovascular diseases was decreased, but mortality from aircraft accidents was highly elevated. Mortality was elevated for malignant melanoma but not for non-chronic lymphocytic leukemia. CNS cancer mortality increased with an increase in cumulative radiation dose. Conclusions Cockpit crew had a low all-cause, all-cancer, and cardiovascular disease mortality but elevated aircraft accident mortality. Further studies are needed to clarify the risk of CNS and other radiation-associated cancers in relation to cosmic radiation and other workplace exposures. (C) 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Yong, Lee C.; Pinkerton, Lynne E.; Yiin, James H.; Anderson, Jeri L.; Deddens, James A.] NIOSH, Div Surveillance Hazard Evaluat & Field Studies, CDC, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. RP Yong, LC (reprint author), NIOSH, Div Surveillance Hazard Evaluat & Field Studies, Surveillance Branch, 4676 Columbia Pkwy,Mail Stop R-15, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM lay7@cdc.gov FU National Death Index FX The authors wish to thank the many people who obtained records and abstracted data for this study. In particular, the authors would like to thank Kim Jenkins for assisting with data editing and work histories, Pi-hsueh Chen and Patricia A. Laber who provided programming expertise in constructing the cohort, and Captain Joyce May who assisted in the categorization of job titles and flight status of pilots and flight engineers as well as provided consultations on airline pilot work issues. We also thank the reviewers for their valuable comments on previous drafts of this manuscript and gratefully acknowledge the support of the National Death Index and each of the individual U.S. state vital status departments that provided death certificate information for this study. NR 48 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 9 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0271-3586 EI 1097-0274 J9 AM J IND MED JI Am. J. Ind. Med. PD AUG PY 2014 VL 57 IS 8 BP 906 EP 914 DI 10.1002/ajim.22318 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AM9EH UT WOS:000340182800006 PM 24700478 ER PT J AU Guy, GP Richardson, LC Pignone, MP Plescia, M AF Guy, Gery P., Jr. Richardson, Lisa C. Pignone, Michael P. Plescia, Marcus TI Costs and Benefits of an Organized Fecal Immunochemical Test-Based Colorectal Cancer Screening Program in the United States SO CANCER LA English DT Article DE colorectal cancer; health economics; public health; screening; early detection ID OCCULT BLOOD-TEST; NATIONAL BREAST; BOWEL-CANCER; FOLLOW-UP; COLONOSCOPY; CARE; POPULATION; MORTALITY; PHYSICIAN; IMPACT AB BACKGROUND: Despite clear recommendations and evidence linking colorectal cancer screening to lower incidence and mortality, > 40% of adults are not up to date with screening. Existing domestic and international models of organized cancer screening programs have been effective in increasing screening rates. Implementing an organized, evidence-based, national screening program may be an effective approach to increasing screening rates. METHODS: In the current study, the authors estimated the initial investment required and the cost per person screened of a nationwide fecal immunochemical test (FIT)-based colorectal cancer screening program among adults aged 50 years to 75 years. RESULTS: The initial additional investment required was estimated at $277.9 to $318.2 million annually, with an estimated 8.7 to 9.4 million individuals screened at a cost of $32 to $39 per person screened. The program was estimated to prevent 2900 to 3100 deaths annually. CONCLUSIONS: The results of the current study indicate that implementing a national screening program would make a substantial public health impact at a moderate cost per person screened. Results from this analysis may provide useful information for understanding the public health benefit of an organized screening delivery system and the potential resources required to implement a nationwide colorectal cancer screening program, and help guide decisions about program planning, design, and implementation. (C) 2014 American Cancer Society. C1 [Guy, Gery P., Jr.; Richardson, Lisa C.; Plescia, Marcus] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA USA. [Pignone, Michael P.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Med, Div Gen Internal Med, Chapel Hill, NC USA. RP Guy, GP (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, 4770 Buford Highway NE,MS F-76, Chamblee, GA 30341 USA. EM irm2@cdc.gov OI Pignone, Michael/0000-0002-6657-7342 FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 39 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 3 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0008-543X EI 1097-0142 J9 CANCER-AM CANCER SOC JI Cancer PD AUG 1 PY 2014 VL 120 IS 15 BP 2308 EP 2315 DI 10.1002/cncr.28724 PG 8 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA AM9ZV UT WOS:000340241500013 PM 24737634 ER PT J AU Dunbar, A Tai, E Beauchesne, D Shropshire, S Richardson, LC AF Dunbar, Angela Tai, Eric Beauchesne, Danielle Shropshire, Sonya Richardson, Lisa C. TI Preventing Infections During Cancer Treatment: Development of an Interactive Patient Education Website SO CLINICAL JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY NURSING LA English DT Article DE neutropenia; chemotherapy; infection ID NEUTROPENIA; MORTALITY AB Despite advances in oncology care, infections from both community and healthcare settings remain a major cause of hospitalization and death among patients. with cancer receiving chemotherapy. Neutropenia (low white blood cell count) is a common and potentially dangerous side effect in patients receiving chemotherapy treatments and may lead to higher risk of infection. Preventing infection during treatment can result in significant decreases in morbidity and mortality for patients with cancer. As part of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's (CDC's) Preventing Infections in Cancer Patients public health campaign, a public-private partnership was formed between the CDC Foundation and Amgen, Inc. The CDC's Division of Cancer Prevention and Control developed and launched an interactive website, www.PreventCancerInfections.org, designed for patients with cancer undergoing chemotherapy. The site encourages patients to complete a risk assessment for developing neutropenia during their treatment. After completing the assessment, patients receive information about how to lower the risk for infection and keep themselves healthy while receiving chemotherapy. C1 [Dunbar, Angela] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC Fdn, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Tai, Eric] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Beauchesne, Danielle] ICF Int, Boston, MA USA. [Shropshire, Sonya] Westat Corp, Atlanta, GA USA. [Richardson, Lisa C.] CDC, Div Blood Disorders, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Richardson, LC (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC Fdn, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM lrichardson@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 5 PU ONCOLOGY NURSING SOC PI PITTSBURGH PA 125 ENTERPRISE DR, PITTSBURGH, PA 15275 USA SN 1092-1095 EI 1538-067X J9 CLIN J ONCOL NURS JI Clin. J. Oncol. Nurs. PD AUG PY 2014 VL 18 IS 4 BP 426 EP 431 DI 10.1188/14.CJON.426-431 PG 6 WC Oncology; Nursing SC Oncology; Nursing GA AM6ZL UT WOS:000340014400015 PM 25095295 ER PT J AU Buser, GL Gerona, RR Horowitz, BZ Vian, KP Troxell, ML Hendrickson, RG Houghton, DC Rozansky, D Su, SW Leman, RF AF Buser, G. L. Gerona, R. R. Horowitz, B. Z. Vian, K. P. Troxell, M. L. Hendrickson, R. G. Houghton, D. C. Rozansky, D. Su, S. W. Leman, R. F. TI Acute kidney injury associated with smoking synthetic cannabinoid SO CLINICAL TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Epidemiology; Electronspray ionization; Mass; Public health; Substance-related disorders; Spectrometry ID MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY PERSPECTIVE; RESOLUTION MASS-SPECTROMETRY; INTENSIVE-CARE-UNIT; ACUTE-RENAL-FAILURE; CASE SERIES; DESIGNER DRUGS; LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; BATH SALTS; RECEPTORS; QUANTIFICATION AB Context and objectives. Synthetic cannabinoids are illegal drugs of abuse known to cause adverse neurologic and sympathomimetic effects. They are an emerging health risk: 11% of high school seniors reported smoking them during the previous 12 months. We describe the epidemiology of a toxicologic syndrome of acute kidney injury associated with synthetic cannabinoids, review the toxicologic and public health investigation of the cluster, and describe clinical implications of the cluster investigation. Materials and methods. Case series of nine patients affected by the toxicologic syndrome in Oregon and southwestern Washington during May-October 2012. Cases were defined as acute kidney injury (creatinine > 1.3 mg/dL) among persons aged 13-40 years without known renal disease who reported smoking synthetic cannabinoids. Toxicology laboratories used liquid chromatography and time-of-flight mass spectrometry to test clinical and product specimens for synthetic cannabinoids, their metabolites, and known nephrotoxins. Public health alerts informed clinicians, law enforcement, and the community about the cluster and the need to be alert for toxidromes associated with emerging drugs of abuse. Results. Patients were males aged 15-27 years (median, 18 years), with intense nausea and flank or abdominal pain, and included two sets of siblings. Peak creatinine levels were 2.6-17.7 mg/dL (median, 6.6 mg/dL). All patients were hospitalized; one required dialysis; none died. No alternate causes of acute kidney injury or nephrotoxins were identified. Patients reported easily purchasing synthetic cannabinoids at convenience, tobacco, and adult bookstores. One clinical and 2 product samples contained evidence of a novel synthetic cannabinoid, XLR-11 ([1-(5-fluoropentyl)-1H-indol-3-yl](2,2,3,3-tetramethylcyclopropyl) methanone). Discussion and conclusion. Whether caused by direct toxicity, genetic predisposition, or an as-yet unidentified nephrotoxin, this association between synthetic cannabinoid exposure and acute kidney injury reinforces the need for vigilance to detect new toxicologic syndromes associated with emerging drugs of abuse. Liquid chromatography and time-of-flight mass spectrometry are useful tools in determining the active ingredients in these evolving products and evaluating them for toxic contaminants. C1 [Buser, G. L.; Leman, R. F.] Oregon Hlth Author, Oregon Publ Hlth Div, Portland, OR 97232 USA. [Buser, G. L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. [Gerona, R. R.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Lab Med, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Horowitz, B. Z.; Hendrickson, R. G.] Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Oregon Poison Ctr, Portland, OR 97201 USA. [Vian, K. P.] Douglas Cty Publ Hlth, Communicable Dis Program, Roseburg, OR USA. [Vian, K. P.] Douglas Cty Publ Hlth, Immunizat Program, Roseburg, OR USA. [Troxell, M. L.; Houghton, D. C.] Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Dept Pathol, Portland, OR 97201 USA. [Rozansky, D.] Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Dept Nephrol, Portland, OR 97201 USA. [Su, S. W.] Legacy Randall Childrens Hosp, Dept Pediat Nephrol, Portland, OR USA. RP Buser, GL (reprint author), Oregon Hlth Author, Oregon Publ Hlth Div, 800 NE Oregon St,Suite 772, Portland, OR 97232 USA. EM genevieve.buser@gmail.com NR 60 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 2 U2 21 PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE PI NEW YORK PA 52 VANDERBILT AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1556-3650 EI 1556-9519 J9 CLIN TOXICOL JI Clin. Toxicol. PD AUG PY 2014 VL 52 IS 7 BP 664 EP 673 DI 10.3109/15563650.2014.932365 PG 10 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA AN0UE UT WOS:000340298700004 PM 25089722 ER PT J AU Sheikh, S Punja, M Schultz, R Sollee, D Halliday, M Kieszak, S Law, R Siptak, C Bronstein, AC Schier, JG AF Sheikh, S. Punja, M. Schultz, R. Sollee, D. Halliday, M. Kieszak, S. Law, R. Siptak, C. Bronstein, A. C. Schier, J. G. TI Comparison of iatrogenic adverse drug events occurring in hospital and community settings reported to three poison centers SO CLINICAL TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE Adverse drug event; Poison center; Prevention C1 [Punja, M.] E Carolina Univ, Dept Emergency Med, Greenville, NC 27858 USA. [Sheikh, S.] Univ Florida, Coll Med, Dept Emergency Med, Jacksonville, FL USA. [Schultz, R.; Sollee, D.] Florida USVI Poison Informat Ctr Jacksonville, Jacksonville, FL USA. [Halliday, M.; Kieszak, S.; Law, R.; Schier, J. G.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Hlth Studies Branch, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Siptak, C.; Bronstein, A. C.] Rocky Mt Poison Ctr, Denver, CO USA. RI Sheikh, Sophia/F-9746-2015 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE PI NEW YORK PA 52 VANDERBILT AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1556-3650 EI 1556-9519 J9 CLIN TOXICOL JI Clin. Toxicol. PD AUG PY 2014 VL 52 IS 7 MA 20 BP 691 EP 692 PG 2 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA AN0UE UT WOS:000340298700027 ER PT J AU Liu, G Holmberg, SD Kamili, S Xu, FJ AF Liu, Gui Holmberg, Scott D. Kamili, Saleem Xu, Fujie TI Racial Disparities in the Proportion of Current, Unresolved Hepatitis C Virus Infections in the United States, 2003-2010 SO DIGESTIVE DISEASES AND SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE Hepatitis C; Liver complications; Persistence; Racial disparity ID TREATMENT-NAIVE PATIENTS; PEGINTERFERON ALPHA-2A; SPONTANEOUS CLEARANCE; CIGARETTE-SMOKING; GENETIC-VARIATION; PLUS RIBAVIRIN; PHASE-2 TRIAL; PREVALENCE; RISK; FIBROSIS AB The hepatitis C virus (HCV) antibody test alone does not distinguish current from resolved infections. The study aimed to describe the percentage of current HCV infection, defined by HCV RNA positivity, among those tested positive for anti-HCV, and to examine characteristics of those with current infection. Using nationally representative data from the 2003 to 2010 National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys, descriptive analyses and regressions were performed on data from anti-HCV-positive adults aged a parts per thousand yen40 years. Of 13,909 participants examined, 304 were anti-HCV-positive. Of these, 238 or 75.3 % [95 % confidence interval (CI) 67.5-81.8 %] had detectable viral RNA. The percentage of current, unresolved HCV infection was highest among non-Hispanic Blacks (91.1 %) and lowest among those with a college education (57.3 %). In multivariate analyses, non-Hispanic Blacks were more likely to have current HCV infection compared to non-Hispanic Whites (adjusted odds ratio 3.9, 95 % CI 1.6-9.2). Among persons with current HCV infection, most had elevated alanine aminotransferase (56.5 %) or aspartate aminotransferase (71.8 %) levels, but only 35.3 % reported having been diagnosed with any abnormal liver conditions. Excessive alcohol drinking was reported by 27.3 % of participants with current HCV infection. Among adults aged a parts per thousand yen40 years who had ever been infected with HCV, approximately three-quarters had current, unresolved HCV infection. Non-Hispanic Blacks were more likely to have current infection than non-Hispanic Whites. The majority of those with current infection had abnormal liver function tests but had not received appropriate diagnoses. Many currently infected persons would benefit from lifestyle modifications to avoid the multiplicative effect of alcohol on HCV infection. C1 [Liu, Gui; Holmberg, Scott D.; Kamili, Saleem; Xu, Fujie] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Liu, Gui] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Xu, FJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, Mailstop G-37,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM fax1@cdc.gov NR 34 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 4 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0163-2116 EI 1573-2568 J9 DIGEST DIS SCI JI Dig. Dis. Sci. PD AUG PY 2014 VL 59 IS 8 BP 1950 EP 1957 DI 10.1007/s10620-014-3059-9 PG 8 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA AM7MJ UT WOS:000340051200106 PM 24573716 ER PT J AU Traxler, RM Callinan, LS Holman, RC Steiner, C Guerra, MA AF Traxler, Rita M. Callinan, Laura S. Holman, Robert C. Steiner, Claudia Guerra, Marta A. TI Leptospirosis-Associated Hospitalizations, United States, 1998-2009 SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID REEMERGING LEPTOSPIROSIS; CLINICAL PRESENTATION; RISK-FACTORS; PUERTO-RICO; HAWAII; EMERGENCE AB A small percentage of persons with leptospirosis, a re-emerging zoonosis, experience severe complications that require hospitalization. The number of leptospirosis cases in the United States is unknown. Thus, to estimate the hospitalization rate for this disease, we analyzed US hospital discharge records for 1998-2009 for the total US population by using the Nationwide Inpatient Sample. During that time, the aver-age annual rate of leptospirosis-associated hospitalizations was 0.6 hospitalizations/1,000,000 population. Leptospirosis-associated hospitalization rates were higher for persons >20 years of age and for male patients. For leptospirosis-associated hospitalizations, the average age of patients at admission was lower, the average length of stay for patients was longer, and hospital charges were higher than those for nonleptospirosis infectious disease associated hospitalizations. Educating clinicians on the signs and symptoms of leptospirosis may result in earlier diagnosis and treatment and, thereby, reduced disease severity and hospitalization costs. C1 [Traxler, Rita M.; Callinan, Laura S.; Holman, Robert C.; Guerra, Marta A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Steiner, Claudia] Agcy Healthcare Res & Qual, Rockville, MD USA. RP Traxler, RM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop A30, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM rtraxler@cdc.gov NR 35 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 6 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 EI 1080-6059 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD AUG PY 2014 VL 20 IS 8 BP 1273 EP 1279 DI 10.3201/eid2008.130450 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA AM4ZF UT WOS:000339864000001 PM 25076111 ER PT J AU Nasci, RS AF Nasci, Roger S. TI Movement of Chikungunya Virus into the Western Hemisphere SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Editorial Material ID TRAVELERS; FEVER C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. RP Nasci, RS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 3150 Rampart Rd,Mailstop P02, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM rsn0@cdc.gov NR 19 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 16 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 EI 1080-6059 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD AUG PY 2014 VL 20 IS 8 BP 1394 EP 1395 DI 10.3201/eid2008.130333 PG 2 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA AM4ZF UT WOS:000339864000026 PM 25061832 ER PT J AU Lanciotti, RS Valadere, AM AF Lanciotti, Robert S. Valadere, Anne Marie TI Transcontinental Movement of Asian Genotype Chikungunya Virus SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Letter C1 [Lanciotti, Robert S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Valadere, Anne Marie] Caribbean Publ Hlth Agcy, Port Of Spain, Trinid & Tobago. RP Lanciotti, RS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 3150 Rampart Rd,Mailstop P02, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM rsl2@cdc.gov NR 7 TC 47 Z9 51 U1 0 U2 4 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 EI 1080-6059 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD AUG PY 2014 VL 20 IS 8 BP 1400 EP 1402 DI 10.3201/eid2008.140268 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA AM4ZF UT WOS:000339864000029 PM 25076384 ER PT J AU Apostolou, A Sorhage, F Tan, C AF Apostolou, Andria Sorhage, Faye Tan, Christina TI Babesiosis Surveillance, New Jersey, USA, 2006-2011 SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Letter ID UNITED-STATES C1 [Apostolou, Andria] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Apostolou, Andria; Sorhage, Faye; Tan, Christina] New Jersey Dept Hlth, Trenton, NJ 08625 USA. RP Apostolou, A (reprint author), New Jersey Dept Hlth, Communicable Dis Serv, 135 E State St,POB 369, Trenton, NJ 08625 USA. EM aapostolou@scimetrika.com NR 10 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 5 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 EI 1080-6059 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD AUG PY 2014 VL 20 IS 8 BP 1407 EP 1409 DI 10.3201/eid2008.131591 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA AM4ZF UT WOS:000339864000033 PM 25062278 ER PT J AU Breedlove, B AF Breedlove, Byron TI Musings on Sketches, Artists, and Mosquito Nets SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Breedlove, B (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop E41, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM wbbl@cdc.gov OI Breedlove, Byron/0000-0002-1026-1963 NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 EI 1080-6059 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD AUG PY 2014 VL 20 IS 8 BP 1429 EP 1430 DI 10.3201/eid2008.AC2008 PG 2 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA AM4ZF UT WOS:000339864000044 ER PT J AU Hills, S Martin, R Marfin, A Fischer, M AF Hills, Susan Martin, Rebecca Marfin, Anthony Fischer, Marc TI Control of Japanese encephalitis in Asia: the time is now SO EXPERT REVIEW OF ANTI-INFECTIVE THERAPY LA English DT Editorial Material DE epidemiology; Japanese encephalitis vaccine; prevention and control ID SA 14-14-2 VACCINE; IMMUNIZATION; LIVE; SAFETY; IMMUNOGENICITY; SURVEILLANCE; PROGRAM; IMPACT; CHINA AB Japanese encephalitis (JE) virus is the most common vaccine-preventable cause of encephalitis in Asia. Recent progress in the development and availability of improved JE vaccines has revitalized the prospects for JE control. There now are a number of safe and effective vaccines, two WHO prequalified vaccines available for pediatric use, at least one vaccine considered affordable for use in lower income countries, and a GAVI Alliance commitment to provide financial support to eligible countries for campaigns for children aged 9 months through 14 years. While challenges remain, this tremendous progress means there is a better opportunity than at any time in the past to prevent the substantial morbidity and mortality from this disease. C1 [Hills, Susan; Fischer, Marc] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Arboviral Dis Branch, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Martin, Rebecca] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global Immunizat Div, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Marfin, Anthony] PATH, Vaccine Access & Delivery Program, Seattle, WA 98121 USA. RP Fischer, M (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Arboviral Dis Branch, 3156 Rampart Rd, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM mfischer@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 25 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 5 PU EXPERT REVIEWS PI LONDON PA UNITEC HOUSE, 3RD FL, 2 ALBERT PLACE, FINCHLEY CENTRAL, LONDON N3 1QB, ENGLAND SN 1478-7210 EI 1744-8336 J9 EXPERT REV ANTI-INFE JI Expert Rev. Anti-Infect. Ther. PD AUG PY 2014 VL 12 IS 8 BP 901 EP 904 DI 10.1586/14787210.2014.929498 PG 4 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA AM8KY UT WOS:000340125200002 PM 24927959 ER PT J AU Zahran, HS Bailey, CM Qin, XT Moorman, JE AF Zahran, Hatice S. Bailey, Cathy M. Qin, Xiaoting Moorman, Jeanne E. TI Assessing asthma severity among children and adults with current asthma SO JOURNAL OF ASTHMA LA English DT Article DE Asthma control; current asthma; demographic characteristics; intermittent asthma; low income; persistent asthma; risk factors ID UNITED-STATES; EDUCATION; DISEASE; LEVEL AB Background: Asthma severity is a key indicator to assess asthma care and management. Severity status may vary over time. Assessing asthma severity periodically is important for monitoring the health and well-being of people with asthma. Objective: To assess population-based asthma severity and to identify related-risk factors among children and adults with asthma. Methods: We used the 2006-2010 BRFSS child and adult Asthma Call-back Survey. Asthma severity was classified as intermittent or persistent. We performed multivariate logistic regression to identify related-risk factors. Results: Overall, 63.8% of persons with asthma had persistent asthma. Persistent asthma was more prevalent among children aged 0-4 years (71.8%; prevalence rate ratio [PR]=1.3). Among adults with current asthma, persistent asthma was more prevalent among those who were 45 years or older (aged 45-54: 69.4%; PR-1.1, aged 55-64: 72.6%; PR=1.2, and aged 65+: 77.8%; PR=1.3); annual household incomes of <$15 000 (74.1%; PR=1.1); and first diagnosed at age 55 years or older (first diagnosed at age 55-64: 80.4%; PR=1.1, at age 65+: 81.5%; PR=1.1). The prevalence of persistent asthma was also higher among current smokers who were also exposed to secondhand smoke (SHS) (74.7%; PR=1.1); and among those with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) (77.1%; PR=1.2). Conclusions: Nearly two-thirds of children and adults with asthma had persistent asthma. Identifying related-risk factors could help improve targeted interventions or strategies to reduce modifiable predictors (low income, smoking, and SHS) of increased asthma severity. Such strategies could improve asthma care and quality of life. C1 [Zahran, Hatice S.; Bailey, Cathy M.; Qin, Xiaoting; Moorman, Jeanne E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Div Environm Hazards & Hlth Effects, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Zahran, HS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Div Environm Hazards & Hlth Effects, 4770 Buford Highway,NE,MS F-60, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM HZahran@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 30 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 6 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0277-0903 EI 1532-4303 J9 J ASTHMA JI J. Asthma PD AUG PY 2014 VL 51 IS 6 BP 610 EP 617 DI 10.3109/02770903.2014.892966 PG 8 WC Allergy; Respiratory System SC Allergy; Respiratory System GA AM9FP UT WOS:000340186500008 PM 24506700 ER PT J AU Capo-Ramos, DE Duran, C Simon, AE Akinbami, LJ Schoendorf, KC AF Capo-Ramos, David E. Duran, Catherine Simon, Alan E. Akinbami, Lara J. Schoendorf, Kenneth C. TI Preventive asthma medication discontinuation among children enrolled in fee-for-service Medicaid SO JOURNAL OF ASTHMA LA English DT Article DE Asthma control; children's health insurance program; inhaled corticosteroids; medication persistence; patient adherence; patient compliance; preventive medicine ID AFRICAN-AMERICAN CHILDREN; PERSISTENT ASTHMA; INHALED CORTICOSTEROIDS; CONTROLLER MEDICATIONS; ETHNIC-DIFFERENCES; CHILDHOOD ASTHMA; UNITED-STATES; ADHERENCE; CARE; NONADHERENCE AB Objective: Local-area studies demonstrate that preventive asthma medication discontinuation among Medicaid and Children's-Health-Insurance-Program (CHIP) enrolled children leads to adverse outcomes. We assessed time-to-discontinuation for preventive asthma medication and its risk factors among fee-for-service Medicaid/CHIP child beneficiaries. Methods: National-Health-Interview-Survey participants (1997-2005) with >= 1 Medicaid-or CHIP-paid claims when 2-17 years old (n=4262) were linked to Medicaid-Analytic-eXtract claims (1999-2008). Multivariate Cox proportional-hazards models to assess time-to-discontinuation (i.e. failing to refill prescriptions <30 d after previous supplies ran out) included demographic factors and medication regimen (inhaled corticosteroids [ICS], long-acting beta(2)-agonists, leukotriene modifiers, mast cell stabilizers, and monoclonal antibodies). Results: Sixty-three percent discontinued preventive asthma medications by 90 d after the first prescription. Adolescents and toddlers had slightly higher hazards of discontinuation (adjusted hazard ratios [aHR], 1.13; 95% CI, 1.05-1.23; and 1.12; 1.03-1.21, respectively) versus 5-11-year-olds, as did Hispanics (aHR, 1.24; 1.13-1.35) and non-Hispanic blacks (aHR, 1.17; 1.07-1.28) versus non-Hispanic whites, children in households with one adult and >= 3 children (aHR, 1.17; 1.05-1.30) versus multiple adults and <= 2 children, and children with caregivers' educational-attainment <= 12th grade (aHR, 1.11; 1.02-1.20) versus caregivers with some college. Compared to regimens including both ICS and leukotriene modifiers, discontinuation was greater for those on ICS without leukotriene modifiers or on other preventive asthma medications (aHR, 1.67; 1.56-1.80; and 2.23; 1.78-2.80, respectively). Conclusion: More than 60% of children enrolled in fee-for-service Medicaid/CHIP discontinued preventive asthma medications by 90 d. Risk was increased for minorities and children from disadvantaged households. Understanding these factors may inform future pediatric asthma guidelines. C1 [Capo-Ramos, David E.; Duran, Catherine; Simon, Alan E.; Akinbami, Lara J.; Schoendorf, Kenneth C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, OAE, ICWHSB, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. [Akinbami, Lara J.; Schoendorf, Kenneth C.] US PHS, Rockville, MD USA. RP Capo-Ramos, DE (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, OAE, ICWHSB, 3311 Toledo Rd,Room 6122, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. EM fpa8@cdc.gov NR 48 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 3 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0277-0903 EI 1532-4303 J9 J ASTHMA JI J. Asthma PD AUG PY 2014 VL 51 IS 6 BP 618 EP 626 DI 10.3109/02770903.2014.895010 PG 9 WC Allergy; Respiratory System SC Allergy; Respiratory System GA AM9FP UT WOS:000340186500009 PM 24580372 ER PT J AU Conrad, MD LeClair, N Arinaitwe, E Wanzira, H Kakuru, A Bigira, V Muhindo, M Kamya, MR Tappero, JW Greenhouse, B Dorsey, G Rosenthal, PJ AF Conrad, Melissa D. LeClair, Norbert Arinaitwe, Emmanuel Wanzira, Humphrey Kakuru, Abel Bigira, Victor Muhindo, Mary Kamya, Moses R. Tappero, Jordan W. Greenhouse, Bryan Dorsey, Grant Rosenthal, Philip J. TI Comparative Impacts Over 5 Years of Artemisinin-Based Combination Therapies on Plasmodium falciparum Polymorphisms That Modulate Drug Sensitivity in Ugandan Children SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Plasmodium falciparum; artemether-lumefantrine; dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine; pfcrt; pfmdr1 ID RESISTANCE-MEDIATING POLYMORPHISMS; IN-VITRO SENSITIVITIES; ARTEMETHER-LUMEFANTRINE; DIHYDROARTEMISININ-PIPERAQUINE; CAPILLARY-ELECTROPHORESIS; SULFADOXINE-PYRIMETHAMINE; UNCOMPLICATED MALARIA; ANTIMALARIAL-DRUGS; RANDOMIZED-TRIAL; BURKINA-FASO AB Background. Artemisinin-based combination therapies, including artemether-lumefantrine (AL) and dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine (DP), are recommended to treat uncomplicated falciparum malaria. Sensitivities to components of AL and DP are impacted by polymorphisms in pfmdr1 and pfcrt. We monitored changes in prevalences of polymorphisms in Tororo, Uganda, from 2008 to 2012. Methods. Polymorphic loci in pfmdr1 and pfcrt were characterized in samples from 312 children randomized to AL or DP for each episode of uncomplicated malaria (50 samples per arm for each 3-month interval) utilizing a fluorescent microsphere assay. Treatment outcomes and impacts of prior therapies were also characterized. Results. Prevalence increased significantly over time for pfmdr1 N86 (AL: odds ratio [OR], 2.08 [95% confidence interval {CI}, 1.83-2.38]; DP: 1.41 [95% CI, 1.25-1.57]), pfmdr1 D1246 (AL: 1.46 [95% CI, 1.29-1.64]; DP: 1.36 [95% CI, 1.23-1.50]), and pfcrt K76 (AL: 3.37 [95% CI, 1.85-6.16]; DP: 5.84 [95% CI, 1.94-17.53], and decreased for pfmdr1 Y184 (AL: 0.78 [95% CI,.70-.86]; DP: 0.84 [95% CI,.76-1.50]); changes were consistently greater in the AL arm. Recent AL treatment selected for pfmdr1 N86, D1246, and 184F in subsequent episodes; DP selected for the opposite alleles. Conclusions. Genotypes with decreased sensitivity to AL components increased over time. This increase was greater in children receiving AL, suggesting that the choice of treatment regimen can profoundly influence parasite genetics and drug sensitivity. C1 [Conrad, Melissa D.; LeClair, Norbert; Greenhouse, Bryan; Dorsey, Grant; Rosenthal, Philip J.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Med, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Arinaitwe, Emmanuel; Wanzira, Humphrey; Kakuru, Abel; Bigira, Victor; Muhindo, Mary] Makerere Univ, Coll Hlth Sci, Infect Dis Res Collaborat, Kampala, Uganda. [Kamya, Moses R.] Makerere Univ, Coll Hlth Sci, Dept Med, Kampala, Uganda. [Tappero, Jordan W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Rosenthal, PJ (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Med, Box 0811, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. EM prosenthal@medsfgh.ucsf.edu OI Greenhouse, Bryan/0000-0003-0287-9111 FU US President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief; Department of Health and Human Services/Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; National Center for HIV, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention; Global AIDS Program [U62P024421]; National Institutes of Health [AI089674, AI075045]; Doris Duke Charitable Foundation FX This work was supported by the US President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief and the Department of Health and Human Services/Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; National Center for HIV, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention; Global AIDS Program (U62P024421); National Institutes of Health (AI089674 and AI075045); and Doris Duke Charitable Foundation. NR 49 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 1 U2 3 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-1899 EI 1537-6613 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD AUG 1 PY 2014 VL 210 IS 3 BP 344 EP 353 DI 10.1093/infdis/jiu141 PG 10 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA AN0AI UT WOS:000340242900003 PM 24610872 ER PT J AU Marjuki, H Mishin, VP Chesnokov, AP De La Cruz, JA Fry, AM Villanueva, J Gubareva, LV AF Marjuki, Henju Mishin, Vasiliy P. Chesnokov, Anton P. De La Cruz, Juan A. Fry, Alicia M. Villanueva, Julie Gubareva, Larisa V. TI An Investigational Antiviral Drug, DAS181, Effectively Inhibits Replication of Zoonotic Influenza A Virus Subtype H7N9 and Protects Mice From Lethality SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE H7N9; Fludase (DAS181); oseltamivir; drug resistance; R292K; neuraminidase inhibitor ID SIALIDASE FUSION PROTEIN; INFECTION; TAIWAN AB Human infections caused by avian influenza A virus type subtype H7N9 have been associated with substantial morbidity and mortality. Emergence of virus variants carrying markers of decreased susceptibility to neuraminidase inhibitors was reported. Here we show that DAS181 (Fludase), an antiviral drug with sialidase activity, potently inhibited replication of wild-type influenza A(H7N9) and its oseltamivir-resistant R292K variants in mice. A once-daily administration initiated early after lethal infection hampered body weight loss and completely protected mice from lethality. We observed a time-dependent effect for 24-72-hour delayed DAS181 treatments on morbidity and mortality. The results warrant further investigation of DAS181 for influenza treatment. C1 [Marjuki, Henju; Mishin, Vasiliy P.; Chesnokov, Anton P.; De La Cruz, Juan A.; Fry, Alicia M.; Villanueva, Julie; Gubareva, Larisa V.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Chesnokov, Anton P.; De La Cruz, Juan A.] Battelle Mem Inst, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Gubareva, LV (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM lgubareva@cdc.gov FU Influenza Division, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX This work was supported by the Influenza Division, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; and by an interagency agreement between Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 15 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 2 U2 13 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-1899 EI 1537-6613 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD AUG 1 PY 2014 VL 210 IS 3 BP 435 EP 440 DI 10.1093/infdis/jiu105 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA AN0AI UT WOS:000340242900014 PM 24569063 ER PT J AU Cummings, KJ Martin, SB Lindsley, WG Othumpangat, S Blachere, FM Noti, JD Beezhold, DH Roidad, N Parker, JE Weissman, DN AF Cummings, Kristin J. Martin, Stephen B., Jr. Lindsley, William G. Othumpangat, Sreekumar Blachere, Francoise M. Noti, John D. Beezhold, Donald H. Roidad, Nasira Parker, John E. Weissman, David N. TI Exposure to Influenza Virus Aerosols in the Hospital Setting: Is Routine Patient Care an Aerosol Generating Procedure? SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Letter ID TRANSMISSION C1 [Cummings, Kristin J.; Martin, Stephen B., Jr.; Weissman, David N.] NIOSH, Div Resp Dis Studies, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Lindsley, William G.; Othumpangat, Sreekumar; Blachere, Francoise M.; Noti, John D.; Beezhold, Donald H.] NIOSH, Hlth Effects Lab Div, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Morgantown, WV USA. [Roidad, Nasira; Parker, John E.] W Virginia Univ, Dept Med, Sch Med, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. RP Cummings, KJ (reprint author), NIOSH, Div Resp Dis Studies, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. OI Lindsley, William/0000-0003-0720-5829 FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-1899 EI 1537-6613 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD AUG 1 PY 2014 VL 210 IS 3 BP 504 EP 505 DI 10.1093/infdis/jiu127 PG 2 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA AN0AI UT WOS:000340242900022 PM 24596280 ER PT J AU Larocque, E Andre-Arpin, C Borowiak, M Lemay, G Switzer, WM Dodon, MD Mesnard, JM Barbeau, B AF Larocque, Emilie Andre-Arpin, Charlotte Borowiak, Malgorzata Lemay, Guy Switzer, William M. Dodon, Madeleine Duc Mesnard, Jean-Michel Barbeau, Benoit TI Human T-Cell Leukemia Virus Type 3 (HTLV-3) and HTLV-4 Antisense-Transcript-Encoded Proteins Interact and Transactivate Jun Family-Dependent Transcription via Their Atypical bZIP Motif SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID LEUCINE-ZIPPER-FACTOR; LONG TERMINAL REPEAT; I TAX PROTEIN; NF-KAPPA-B; VIRAL TRANSCRIPTION; C-JUN; MOLECULAR-FEATURES; LGL LEUKEMIA; COILED-COIL; FACTOR HBZ AB Human T-cell leukemia virus types 3 and 4 (HTLV-3 and HTLV-4) are recently isolated retroviruses. We have previously characterized HTLV-3- and HTLV-4-encoded antisense genes, termed APH-3 and APH-4, respectively, which, in contrast to HBZ, the HTLV-1 homologue, do not contain a typical bZIP domain (M. Larocque Halin, S. Landry, S. J. Marriott, W. M. Switzer, and B. Barbeau, J. Virol. 85: 12673-12685, 2011, doi:10.1128/JVI.05296-11). As HBZ differentially modulates the transactivation potential of various Jun family members, the effect of APH-3 and APH-4 on JunD-, c-Jun-, and JunB-mediated transcriptional activation was investigated. We first showed that APH-3 and APH-4 upregulated the transactivation potential of all tested Jun family members. Using an human telomerase catalytic subunit (hTERT) promoter construct, our results also highlighted that, unlike HBZ, which solely modulates hTERT expression via JunD, both APH-3 and APH-4 acted positively on the transactivation of the hTERT promoter mediated by tested Jun factors. Coimmunoprecipitation experiments demonstrated that these Jun proteins interacted with APH-3 and APH-4. Although no activation domain was identified for APH proteins, the activation domain of c-Jun was very important in the observed upregulation of its activation potential. We further showed that APH-3 and APH-4 required their putative bZIP-like domains and corresponding leucine residues for interaction and modulation of the transactivation potential of Jun factors. Our results demonstrate that HTLV-encoded antisense proteins behave differently, and that the bZIP-like domains of both APH-3 and APH-4 have retained their interaction potential for Jun members. These studies are important in assessing the differences between HBZ and other antisense proteins, which might further contribute to determining the role of HBZ in HTLV-1-associated diseases. C1 [Larocque, Emilie; Barbeau, Benoit] Univ Quebec, Dept Sci Biol, Montreal, PQ H3C 3P8, Canada. [Larocque, Emilie; Barbeau, Benoit] Univ Quebec, Ctr Rech BioMed, Montreal, PQ H3C 3P8, Canada. [Larocque, Emilie; Lemay, Guy] Univ Montreal, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada. [Andre-Arpin, Charlotte; Mesnard, Jean-Michel] Univ Montpellier I, CNRS, CPBS, UM5236, Montpellier, France. [Borowiak, Malgorzata; Dodon, Madeleine Duc] Ecole Normale Super, UMR 5239, Lab Biol Mol Cellule, CNRS,BioSci Lyon Gerland UMS3444, Lyon, France. [Switzer, William M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Branch Lab, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Barbeau, B (reprint author), Univ Quebec, Dept Sci Biol, CP 8888, Montreal, PQ H3C 3P8, Canada. EM barbeau.benoit@uqam.ca RI Duc-Dodon, Madeleine/I-6580-2016 FU Cancer Research Society; Agence Nationale de Recherches sur le Sida et les Hepatites Virales (ANRS); Fondation ARC for cancer research.; Department of Microbiology and Immunology at Universite de Montreal FX This work was supported by The Cancer Research Society (B.B.) and by a grant from the Agence Nationale de Recherches sur le Sida et les Hepatites Virales (ANRS) (J.M.M.). B.B. holds a Canada Research Chair in human retrovirology (tier 2). E.L. holds a studentship from the Department of Microbiology and Immunology at Universite de Montreal. M. B. was supported by a fellowship from the Fondation ARC for cancer research. NR 70 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0022-538X EI 1098-5514 J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD AUG PY 2014 VL 88 IS 16 BP 8956 EP 8970 DI 10.1128/JVI.01094-14 PG 15 WC Virology SC Virology GA AM7HP UT WOS:000340036800020 PM 24872589 ER PT J AU Ellingson, K McCormick, K Woodard, T Garcia-Williams, A Mendel, P Kahn, K McDonald, C Jernigan, J Sinkowitz-Cochran, R AF Ellingson, Katherine McCormick, Kelly Woodard, Tiffanee Garcia-Williams, Amanda Mendel, Peter Kahn, Katherine McDonald, Clifford Jernigan, John Sinkowitz-Cochran, Ronda TI Perspectives on Federal Funding for State Health Care-Associated Infection Programs: Achievements, Barriers, and Implications for Sustainability SO MEDICAL CARE RESEARCH AND REVIEW LA English DT Article DE health care-associated infections; qualitative research; federal funding AB In September 2009, federal funding for health care-associated infection (HAI) program development was dispersed through a cooperative agreement to 51 state and territorial health departments. From July to September 2011, 69 stakeholders from six states-including state health department employees, representatives from partner organizations, and health care facility employees-were interviewed to assess state HAI program achievements, implementation barriers, and strategies for sustainability. Respondents most frequently cited enhanced HAI surveillance as a program achievement and resource constraints as an implementation barrier. To sustain programs, respondents recommended ongoing support for HAI prevention activities, improved surveillance processes, and maintenance of partnerships. Findings suggest that state-level HAI program growth was achieved during the cooperative agreement but that maintenance of programs faces challenges. C1 [Ellingson, Katherine; McCormick, Kelly; Woodard, Tiffanee; Garcia-Williams, Amanda; McDonald, Clifford; Jernigan, John; Sinkowitz-Cochran, Ronda] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Garcia-Williams, Amanda] Emory Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Mendel, Peter; Kahn, Katherine] RAND Corp, Santa Monica, CA USA. RP Sinkowitz-Cochran, R (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM rls7@cdc.gov NR 16 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 1077-5587 EI 1552-6801 J9 MED CARE RES REV JI Med. Care Res. Rev. PD AUG PY 2014 VL 71 IS 4 BP 402 EP 415 DI 10.1177/1077558714533825 PG 14 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services SC Health Care Sciences & Services GA AM8IA UT WOS:000340115600006 PM 24806265 ER PT J AU Luckhaupt, SE Calvert, GM AF Luckhaupt, Sara E. Calvert, Geoffrey M. TI Prevalence of Coronary Heart Disease or Stroke Among Workers Aged < 55 Years - United States, 2008-2012 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article ID HEALTH INTERVIEW SURVEY; EXPOSURE; RISK C1 [Luckhaupt, Sara E.; Calvert, Geoffrey M.] NIOSH, Div Surveillance Hazard Evaluat & Field Studies, CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Luckhaupt, SE (reprint author), NIOSH, Div Surveillance Hazard Evaluat & Field Studies, CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM sluckhaupt@cdc.gov NR 10 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 5 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL & PREVENTION PI ATLANTA PA MAILSTOP E-90, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD AUG 1 PY 2014 VL 63 IS 30 BP 645 EP 649 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AM7VC UT WOS:000340075800001 PM 25078653 ER PT J AU Corey, CG King, BA Coleman, BN Delnevo, CD Husten, CG Ambrose, BK Apelberg, BJ AF Corey, Catherine G. King, Brian A. Coleman, Blair N. Delnevo, Cristine D. Husten, Corinne G. Ambrose, Bridget K. Apelberg, Benjamin J. TI Little Filtered Cigar, Cigarillo, and Premium Cigar Smoking Among Adults - United States, 2012-2013 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article ID TOBACCO C1 [Corey, Catherine G.; Coleman, Blair N.; Husten, Corinne G.; Ambrose, Bridget K.; Apelberg, Benjamin J.] CDC, Ctr Tobacco Prod Food & Drug Adm, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [King, Brian A.] CDC, Off Smoking & Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Delnevo, Cristine D.] Rutgers Sch Publ Hlth, Ctr Tobacco Studies, Piscataway Township, NJ USA. RP Corey, CG (reprint author), CDC, Ctr Tobacco Prod Food & Drug Adm, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM catherine.corey@fda.hhs.gov RI Delnevo, Cristine/D-5002-2015 NR 11 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 2 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD AUG 1 PY 2014 VL 63 IS 30 BP 650 EP 654 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AM7VC UT WOS:000340075800002 PM 25078654 ER PT J AU Saydah, S Bullard, KM Cheng, YL Ali, MK Gregg, EW Geiss, L Imperatore, G AF Saydah, Sharon Bullard, Kai McKeever Cheng, Yiling Ali, Mohammed K. Gregg, Edward W. Geiss, Linda Imperatore, Giuseppina TI Trends in Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors by Obesity Level in Adults in the United States, NHANES 1999-2010 SO OBESITY LA English DT Article DE cardiovascular disease risk factors; NHANES; adults; diabetes; hypertension; dyslipidemia; obesity ID NUTRITION EXAMINATION SURVEY; BODY-MASS INDEX; STROKE STATISTICS-2013 UPDATE; AMERICAN-HEART-ASSOCIATION; NATIONAL-HEALTH; US ADULTS; PREVALENCE; HYPERTENSION; CHOLESTEROL; BURDEN AB ObjectiveTo assess whether trends in cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors by among overweight and obese US adults have improved. MethodsThe study included 10,568 adults 18 years and older who participated in National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999-2010. CVD risk factors included diabetes (self-reported diagnosis, glycated hemoglobin 6.5%, or fasting plasma glucose 126mg/dl), hypertension (treatment or blood pressure 140/90 mmHg), dyslipidemia (treatment or non-HDL cholesterol 160 mg/dl), and smoking (self-report or cotinine levels 10 ng/ml). The prevalence and temporal trends of CVD risk factors for each BMI group were estimated. ResultsIn 2007-2010, the prevalence of diabetes, hypertension, and dyslipidemia was highest among obese (18.5%, 35.7%, 49.7%, respectively) followed by overweight (8.2%, 26.4%, 44.2%, respectively) and normal weight adults (5.4%, 19.8%, 28.6%, respectively). Smoking exposure was highest among normal weight (29.8%) followed by overweight (24.8%) and obese adults (24.6%). From 1999-2002 to 2007-2010, untreated hypertension decreased among obese and overweight adults and untreated dyslipidemia decreased for all weight groups. There were no significant temporal changes in smoking across BMI groups. ConclusionsDespite decreases in untreated risk factors, it is important to improve the CVD risk profile of overweight and obese US adults. C1 [Saydah, Sharon; Bullard, Kai McKeever; Cheng, Yiling; Gregg, Edward W.; Geiss, Linda; Imperatore, Giuseppina] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Promot & Dis Prevent, Div Diabet Translat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. [Ali, Mohammed K.] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Hubert Dept Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Saydah, S (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Promot & Dis Prevent, Div Diabet Translat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. EM ssaydah@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 38 TC 24 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 24 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1930-7381 EI 1930-739X J9 OBESITY JI Obesity PD AUG PY 2014 VL 22 IS 8 BP 1888 EP 1895 DI 10.1002/oby.20761 PG 8 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics GA AN0SY UT WOS:000340295500019 PM 24733690 ER PT J AU Mazurek, JM White, GE Moorman, JE Storey, E AF Mazurek, Jacek M. White, Gretchen E. Moorman, Jeanne E. Storey, Eileen TI Influenza Vaccination Among Persons with Work-Related Asthma SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID IMMUNIZATION PRACTICES ACIP; UNITED-STATES; ADVISORY-COMMITTEE; ADULTS; RECOMMENDATIONS; PREVENTION; QUESTIONNAIRE; VALIDATION; COVERAGE; CARE AB Background: Seasonal influenza vaccination is recommended for all asthma patients. Persons with work-related asthma may have more severe disease than those with non-work-related asthma and may particularly benefit from receiving influenza vaccination. Purpose: To determine if influenza vaccination coverage differs among individuals aged 18-64 years with work-related and non-work-related asthma. Methods: Data from the 2006-2009 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System Asthma Call-Back Survey collected in 38 states and the District of Columbia were analyzed in 2013. Multivariable logistic regression and predictive marginal analyses were conducted to identify factors independently associated with influenza vaccination among respondents aged 18-64 years with work-related asthma. Results: Among adults aged 18-64 years with current asthma, an estimated 42.7% received influenza vaccination in the past 12 months. Although influenza vaccination coverage was significantly higher among adults with work-related asthma than those with non-work-related asthma (48.5% vs 42.8%), this association became non-significant after adjustment for demographic and clinical characteristics (prevalence ratio=1.08, 95% CI=0.99, 1.20). Among individuals with work-related asthma, receiving the influenza vaccine was associated with being 50-64 years old, being unemployed in the prior year, and seeking urgent treatment for worsening asthma symptoms. Conclusions: Among persons with work-related and non-work-related asthma, less than half received influenza vaccination in the prior year, both below the Healthy People 2010 target of 60%. These results suggest the need for strengthening current vaccination interventions to meet the updated Healthy People 2020 objective of achieving at least 70% influenza vaccination coverage. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Mazurek, Jacek M.; White, Gretchen E.; Storey, Eileen] NIOSH, Div Resp Dis Studies, CDC, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Moorman, Jeanne E.] CDC, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Mazurek, JM (reprint author), NIOSH, Div Resp Dis Studies, CDC, Surveillance Branch, Mailstop HG 900-2,1095 Willowdale Rd, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM jmazurek1@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 40 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 EI 1873-2607 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD AUG PY 2014 VL 47 IS 2 BP 203 EP 211 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2014.04.007 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA AM2NE UT WOS:000339687300013 PM 24951041 ER PT J AU Apelberg, BJ Corey, CG Hoffman, AC Schroeder, MJ Husten, CG Caraballo, RS Backinger, CL AF Apelberg, Benjamin J. Corey, Catherine G. Hoffman, Allison C. Schroeder, Megan J. Husten, Corinne G. Caraballo, Ralph S. Backinger, Cathy L. TI Symptoms of Tobacco Dependence Among Middle and High School Tobacco Users Results from the 2012 National Youth Tobacco Survey SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID ONSET ADOLESCENT SMOKERS; NICOTINE-DEPENDENCE; DIMINISHED AUTONOMY; SMOKELESS TOBACCO; SMOKING; SCALE; WITHDRAWAL; FREQUENCY AB Background: A growing body of evidence suggests that tobacco dependence symptoms can occur soon after smoking onset and with low levels of use. However, limited data are available nationally and among non-cigarette tobacco users. Purpose: To examine the prevalence and determinants of tobacco dependence symptoms among adolescent tobacco users in the 2012 National Youth Tobacco Survey, a nationally representative, school-based survey of U.S. middle and high school students. Methods: Multivariate logistic regression was used to identify independent predictors of dependence symptoms among current users (i.e., past 30-day use) of cigarettes, cigars, or smokeless tobacco. Analyses were conducted in 2013 using SAS-callable SUDAAN, version 11 to account for the complex survey design. Results: Prevalence of tobacco dependence symptoms ranged from 20.8% (95% CI=18.6, 23.1) of current tobacco users reporting wanting to use tobacco within 30 minutes of waking to 41.9% (95% CI=39.3, 44.5) reporting recent strong cravings. Reporting of dependence symptoms was most consistently associated with polytobacco use, higher frequency of use, earlier initiation age, and female gender. A 2-4-fold increase in the odds of symptom reporting was found in adolescents using tobacco products on as few as 3-5 days compared to those who only used it for 1-2 of the past 30 days. Conclusions: A substantial proportion of U.S. adolescent tobacco users, including those with low levels of use, report symptoms of tobacco dependence. These findings demonstrate the need for full implementation of evidence-based strategies to prevent both experimentation and progression to regular tobacco use among youth. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of American Journal of Preventive Medicine C1 [Apelberg, Benjamin J.; Corey, Catherine G.; Hoffman, Allison C.; Schroeder, Megan J.; Backinger, Cathy L.] US FDA, Ctr Tobacco Prod, Off Sci, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. [Husten, Corinne G.] US FDA, Ctr Tobacco Prod, Off Ctr Director, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. [Caraballo, Ralph S.] CDC, Off Smoking & Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Apelberg, BJ (reprint author), US FDA, Ctr Tobacco Prod, Off Sci, 9200 Corp Blvd, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. EM benjamin.apelberg@fda.hhs.gov FU U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Center for Tobacco Products FX Publication of this article was supported by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Center for Tobacco Products. NR 22 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 EI 1873-2607 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD AUG PY 2014 VL 47 IS 2 SU 1 BP S4 EP S14 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2014.04.013 PG 11 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA AM2NF UT WOS:000339687400002 PM 25044195 ER PT J AU Corey, CG Dube, SR Ambrose, BK King, BA Apelberg, BJ Husten, CG AF Corey, Catherine G. Dube, Shanta R. Ambrose, Bridget K. King, Brian A. Apelberg, Benjamin J. Husten, Corinne G. TI Cigar Smoking Among US Students Reported Use After Adding Brands to Survey Items SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID YOUNG-ADULTS; UNITED-STATES; YOUTH; ADOLESCENTS; RISK; MEN; FLAVORS; DISEASE; DEATH; FOCUS AB Background: Among U.S. youth overall, cigars are the most commonly used tobacco product after cigarettes. However, youth who identify their products by brand names, not general terms like "cigar," may underreport use. Purpose: To examine changes in reported cigar (cigar, cigarillo, or little cigar) smoking among students following inclusion of cigar brand examples on the National Youth Tobacco Survey (NYTS). Methods: Data from the 2011 and 2012 NYTS and National Survey on Drug Use and Health (NSDUH) were analyzed in 2013 to estimate ever and current cigar smoking, overall and by race/ ethnicity. The 2012 NYTS included cigar brand examples (Black and Mild, Swisher Sweets, Dutch Masters, White Owl, Phillies Blunt) in the survey instructions and ever use question, but the 2011 NYTS and 2011 and 2012 NSDUH did not. Results: NYTS ever cigar smoking was higher in 2012 (27.8%) than 2011 (19.5%) among black students overall. Current cigar smoking was 60%-70% higher among black females and students aged >= 17 years, in 2012 than 2011. For black females, current cigar smoking (11.5%) was two times greater than that of white females (4.3%) in 2012, whereas the prevalence among these subgroups was comparable in 2011. Similar changes were not observed among these subgroups in the 20112012 NSDUH. Conclusions: This study highlights the high burden of cigar use among U.S. youth and suggests that NYTS ascertainment of cigar smoking may have improved by including brands. Disparities in cigar smoking need to be addressed to prevent and reduce all youth tobacco use. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of American Journal of Preventive Medicine C1 [Corey, Catherine G.; Ambrose, Bridget K.; Apelberg, Benjamin J.] US FDA, Off Sci, Ctr Tobacco Prod, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. [Husten, Corinne G.] US FDA, Off Ctr Director, Ctr Tobacco Prod, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. [Dube, Shanta R.] Georgia State Univ, Div Epidemiol & Biostat, Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. [King, Brian A.] CDC, Off Smoking & Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Corey, CG (reprint author), US FDA, Off Sci, Ctr Tobacco Prod, 9200 Corp Blvd, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. EM catherine.corey@fda.hhs.gov FU U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Center for Tobacco Products FX Publication of this article was supported by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Center for Tobacco Products. NR 32 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 EI 1873-2607 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD AUG PY 2014 VL 47 IS 2 SU 1 BP S28 EP S35 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2014.05.004 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA AM2NF UT WOS:000339687400004 PM 25044193 ER PT J AU Tessman, GK Caraballo, RS Corey, CG Xu, X Chang, CM AF Tessman, Greta K. Caraballo, Ralph S. Corey, Catherine G. Xu, Xin Chang, Cindy M. TI Exposure to Tobacco Coupons Among US Middle and High School Students SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID 4 COUNTRY SURVEY; CIGARETTE PURCHASE PATTERNS; UNITED-STATES; SMOKING; PRICE; BEHAVIORS; SMOKERS; STRATEGIES; INITIATION; CESSATION AB Background: Tobacco marketing contributes to increased tobacco use susceptibility and sustained use. There are limited data on youth exposure to tobacco coupons, a type of pro-tobacco promotion. Purpose: To explore channels through which youth report exposure to coupons and characteristics associated with this exposure. This may help inform efforts aimed at decreasing youth exposure to advertising and promotion. Methods: Data from the 2012 National Youth Tobacco Survey were analyzed in 2013 to estimate the self-reported prevalence of U.S. middle and high school student exposure to coupons through various channels. Associations among exposure to coupons and demographics, tobacco use, living with a tobacco user, and receptivity to tobacco marketing were examined using multivariate logistic regression models. Results: Approximately 13% of students reported exposure to tobacco coupons in the past 30 days through mail, digital communications, or tobacco packages. Prevalence was greatest among current tobacco users (34.0%) and those receptive to tobacco marketing (23.4%) compared to non-tobacco users (9.3%) and those not receptive to tobacco marketing (8.2%), respectively. Coupon exposure varied by sex, grade, and race/ethnicity. In adjusted models, current tobacco use (AOR=3.4, 95% CI=3.0, 3.9); living with a tobacco user (AOR=2.1, 95% CI=1.9, 2.4); and receptivity to tobacco marketing (AOR=2.3, 95% CI=2.0, 2.7) were independently associated with coupon exposure. Conclusions: Findings from this study indicate that despite restrictions on marketing to youth, youth are still being exposed to tobacco promotions such as coupons. Efforts to limit youth exposure may be valuable in reducing curiosity, susceptibility, and initiation. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of American Journal of Preventive Medicine C1 [Tessman, Greta K.; Corey, Catherine G.; Chang, Cindy M.] US FDA, Ctr Tobacco Prod, Off Sci, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. [Caraballo, Ralph S.; Xu, Xin] CDC, Off Smoking & Hlth, Epidemiol Branch, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Tessman, GK (reprint author), US FDA, Ctr Tobacco Prod, Off Sci, 9200 Corp Blvd, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. EM greta.tessman@fda.hhs.gov FU U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Center for Tobacco Products FX Publication of this article was supported by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Center for Tobacco Products. NR 38 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 EI 1873-2607 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD AUG PY 2014 VL 47 IS 2 SU 1 BP S61 EP S68 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2014.05.001 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA AM2NF UT WOS:000339687400007 PM 25044197 ER PT J AU Tworek, C Schauer, GL Wu, CC Malarcher, AM Jackson, KJ Hoffman, AC AF Tworek, Cindy Schauer, Gillian L. Wu, Charles C. Malarcher, Ann M. Jackson, Kia J. Hoffman, Allison C. TI Youth Tobacco Cessation Quitting Intentions and Past-Year Quit Attempts SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID HIGH-SCHOOL-STUDENTS; UNITED-STATES; SMOKING-CESSATION; COLLEGE-STUDENTS; USE PREVENTION; PRODUCT USE; ADOLESCENTS; SMOKERS; ADULTS; MIDDLE AB Background: Despite declining use of conventional tobacco products, youth use of non-cigarette tobacco has become prevalent; however, quitting behaviors remain largely unexplored. Purpose: To examine nationally representative data on quit intentions and past-year attempts to quit all tobacco use among current youth tobacco users. Methods: In 2013, data were analyzed from the 2012 National Youth Tobacco Survey (NYTS). Weighted prevalence estimates of quit intentions and past-year quit attempts for current youth tobacco users are presented. Results: Prevalence of quit intentions and past-year attempts to quit all tobacco use were 52.8% and 51.5%, respectively, among current youth tobacco users. Among non mutually exclusive, groups, current cigarette smokers had the highest prevalence of quit intentions (56.8%) and past-year quit attempts (52.5%), whereas current hookah users had the lowest prevalence of quit intentions (41.5%) and past-year quit attempts (43.7%). Quit intentions among black, non-Hispanics (65.0%) and Hispanics (60.4%) were significantly higher versus white, non-Hispanics (47.5%). Youth reporting parental advice against tobacco had significantly higher prevalence of quit intentions (56.7%) and past-year quit attempts (55.0%) than those not reporting parental advice. Youth who agreed all tobacco products are dangerous (58.5%) had significantly higher prevalence of quit intentions than those who disagreed (37.0%). Conclusions: Continued efforts are needed to better understand youth motivation for quitting all tobacco products. Public health messaging about the dangers of all tobacco and cessation efforts should be aimed at the full range of tobacco products, not just cigarettes, and tailored to meet the needs of youth polytobacco users. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of American Journal of Preventive Medicine C1 [Tworek, Cindy; Jackson, Kia J.; Hoffman, Allison C.] US FDA, Ctr Tobacco Prod, Off Sci, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. [Wu, Charles C.] NIH, Off Extramural Res, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Schauer, Gillian L.; Malarcher, Ann M.] CDC, Off Smoking & Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Tworek, C (reprint author), US FDA, Ctr Tobacco Prod, Off Sci, 9200 Corp Blvd, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. EM cindy.tworek@fda.hhs.gov FU U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Center for Tobacco Products FX Publication of this article was supported by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Center for Tobacco Products. NR 38 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 EI 1873-2607 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD AUG PY 2014 VL 47 IS 2 SU 1 BP S15 EP S27 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2014.05.009 PG 13 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA AM2NF UT WOS:000339687400003 PM 25044192 ER PT J AU Wang, BG King, BA Corey, CG Arrazola, RA Johnson, SE AF Wang, Baoguang King, Brian A. Corey, Catherine G. Arrazola, Rene A. Johnson, Sarah E. TI Awareness and Use of Non-conventional Tobacco Products Among US Students, 2012 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID HIGH-SCHOOL-STUDENTS; ELECTRONIC CIGARETTE USE; SMOKELESS TOBACCO; UNITED-STATES; COLLEGE-STUDENTS; HOOKAH USE; UNIVERSITY-STUDENTS; CARCINOGEN EXPOSURE; WATERPIPE SMOKING; NATIONAL-SURVEY AB Background: Increasing diversity of the tobacco product landscape, including electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes), hookah, snus, and dissolvable tobacco products (dissolvables), raises concerns about the public health impact of these non-conventional tobacco products among youth. Purpose: This study assessed awareness, ever use, and current use of non-conventional tobacco products among U.S. students in 2012, overall and by demographic and tobacco use characteristics. Methods: Data from the 2012 National Youth Tobacco Survey, a nationally representative survey of U.S. middle and high school students, were analyzed in 2013. Prevalence of awareness, ever use, and current use of e-cigarettes, hookah, snus, and dissolvables were calculated overall and by sex, school level, race/ethnicity, and conventional tobacco product use, including cigarettes, cigars, or smokeless tobacco (chewing tobacco, snuff, or dip). Results: Overall, 50.3% of students were aware of e-cigarettes; prevalence of ever and current use of e-cigarettes was 6.8% and 2.1%, respectively. Awareness of hookah was 41.2% among all students, and that of ever and current use were 8.9% and 3.6%, respectively. Overall awareness; ever; and current use of snus (32%, 5.3%, 1.7%, respectively) and dissolvables (19.3%, 2.0%, 0.7%, respectively) were generally lower than those of e-cigarettes or hookah. Conventional tobacco product users were more likely to be aware of and to use non-conventional tobacco products. Conclusions: Many U.S. students are aware of and use non-conventional tobacco products. Evidence-based interventions should be implemented to prevent and reduce all tobacco use among youth. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of American journal of Preventive Medicine C1 [Wang, Baoguang; Corey, Catherine G.; Johnson, Sarah E.] US FDA, Ctr Tobacco Prod, Off Sci, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. [King, Brian A.; Arrazola, Rene A.] CDC, Off Smoking & Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Wang, BG (reprint author), US FDA, Ctr Tobacco Prod, Off Sci, 9200 Corp Blvd, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. EM baoguang.wang@fda.hhs.gov FU U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Center for Tobacco Products FX Publication of this article was supported by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Center for Tobacco Products. NR 60 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 3 U2 27 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 EI 1873-2607 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD AUG PY 2014 VL 47 IS 2 SU 1 BP S36 EP S52 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2014.05.003 PG 17 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA AM2NF UT WOS:000339687400005 PM 25044194 ER PT J AU Redlich, CA Tarlo, SM Hankinson, JL Townsend, MC Eschenbacher, WL Von Essen, SG Sigsgaard, T Weissman, DN AF Redlich, Carrie A. Tarlo, Susan M. Hankinson, John L. Townsend, Mary C. Eschenbacher, William L. Von Essen, Susanna G. Sigsgaard, Torben Weissman, David N. CA Amer Thoracic Soc TI Spirometry in the Occupational Setting Reply SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Letter C1 [Redlich, Carrie A.] Yale Univ, Sch Med, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Tarlo, Susan M.] Univ Hlth Network, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Tarlo, Susan M.] Univ Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Hankinson, John L.] Hankinson Constilting Inc, Athens, GA USA. [Townsend, Mary C.] Univ Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA USA. [Eschenbacher, William L.] Cincinnati VA Med Ctr, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Eschenbacher, William L.] Univ Cincinnati, Med Ctr, Cincinnati, OH 45267 USA. [Von Essen, Susanna G.] Univ Nebraska Med Ctr, Omaha, NE USA. [Sigsgaard, Torben] Aarhus Univ, Aarhus, Denmark. [Weissman, David N.] NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Morgantown, WV USA. RP Redlich, CA (reprint author), Yale Univ, Sch Med, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. NR 1 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER THORACIC SOC PI NEW YORK PA 25 BROADWAY, 18 FL, NEW YORK, NY 10004 USA SN 1073-449X EI 1535-4970 J9 AM J RESP CRIT CARE JI Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. PD AUG 1 PY 2014 VL 190 IS 3 BP 353 EP 354 PG 2 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA AM7CI UT WOS:000340021900022 PM 25084267 ER PT J AU Sharp, TM Hunsperger, E Munoz-Jordan, JL Margolis, HS Tomashek, KM AF Sharp, Tyler M. Hunsperger, Elizabeth Munoz-Jordan, Jorge L. Margolis, Harold S. Tomashek, Kay M. TI Short Report: Sequential Episodes of Dengue-Puerto Rico, 2005-2010 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID LINKED-IMMUNOSORBENT-ASSAY; ORIGINAL ANTIGENIC SIN; VIRUS; SEX; INFECTIONS AB Of 53,633 suspected dengue cases reported to a passive dengue surveillance system in Puerto Rico during 2005-2010, 949 individuals were reported on more than one occasion and 21 had laboratory-confirmed dengue on two separate occasions. Median time between illness episodes was 2.9 years (range: 62 days-5.3 years). Seventeen (81%) individuals with sequential episodes of dengue were male, and seven (33%) were adults. All 21 individuals experienced one episode and seven (33%) individuals experienced both episodes during a large epidemic that occurred in 2010. These observations show that heterotypic dengue virus immunity that protects against illness may have considerable variability but typically does not last longer than 3 years. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. [Sharp, Tyler M.; Hunsperger, Elizabeth; Munoz-Jordan, Jorge L.; Margolis, Harold S.; Tomashek, Kay M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, Dengue Branch, San Juan, PR USA. RP Sharp, TM (reprint author), 1324 Calle Canada, San Juan, PR 00920 USA. EM tsharp@cdc.gov; enh4@cdc.gov; ckq2@cdc.gov; hsm1@cdc.gov; kct9@cdc.gov NR 28 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 EI 1476-1645 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD AUG PY 2014 VL 91 IS 2 BP 235 EP 239 DI 10.4269/ajtmh.13-0742 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA AM4ZD UT WOS:000339863800007 PM 24891464 ER PT J AU Ruktanonchai, DJ Stonecipher, S Lindsey, N McAllister, J Pillai, SK Horiuchi, K Delorey, M Biggerstaff, BJ Sidwa, T Zoretic, J Nasci, R Fischer, M Hills, SL AF Ruktanonchai, Duke J. Stonecipher, Shelley Lindsey, Nicole McAllister, Janet Pillai, Satish K. Horiuchi, Kalanthe Delorey, Mark Biggerstaff, Brad J. Sidwa, Tom Zoretic, James Nasci, Roger Fischer, Marc Hills, Susan L. TI Effect of Aerial Insecticide Spraying on West Nile Virus Disease-North-Central Texas, 2012 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID SACRAMENTO COUNTY; CALIFORNIA; ENCEPHALITIS; EPIDEMIC; EFFICACY; DALLAS AB During 2012, four north-central Texas counties experienced high West Nile virus (WNV) disease incidence. Aerial insecticide spraying was conducted in two counties. To evaluate the effect of spraying on WNV disease, we calculated incidence rate ratios (IRRs) in treated and untreated areas by comparing incidence before and after spraying; for unsprayed areas, before and after periods were defined by using dates from a corresponding sprayed area. In treated areas, WNV neuroinvasive disease incidence before and after spraying was 7.31/100,000 persons and 0.28/100,000 persons, respectively; the IRR was 26.42 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 12.42-56.20). In untreated areas, the before and after incidence was 4.80/100,000 persons and 0.45/100,000 persons, respectively; the IRR was 10.57 (95% Cl: 6.11-18.28). The ratio of IRRs was 2.50 (95% CI: 0.98-6.35). Disease incidence decreased in both areas, but the relative change was greater in aerial-sprayed areas. C1 [Ruktanonchai, Duke J.; Pillai, Satish K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. [Stonecipher, Shelley; Zoretic, James] Texas Dept State Hlth Serv, Hlth Serv Reg 2 3, Arlington, TX USA. [Lindsey, Nicole; McAllister, Janet; Horiuchi, Kalanthe; Delorey, Mark; Biggerstaff, Brad J.; Nasci, Roger; Fischer, Marc; Hills, Susan L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Sidwa, Tom] Texas Dept State Hlth Serv, Zoonosis Control Branch, Austin, TX USA. RP Hills, SL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, 3150 Rampart Rd, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM DRuktanonchai@cdc.gov; Shelley.Stonecipher@dshs.state.tx.us; NPLindsey@cdc.gov; JMcAllister@cdc.gov; SPillai@cdc.gov; KHoriuchi@cdc.gov; Mfischer@cdc.gov; BBiggerstaff@cdc.gov; Tom.Sidwa@dshs.state.tx.us; James.Zoretic@dshs.state.tx.us; RNasci@cdc.gov; Mfischer@cdc.gov; shills@cdc.gov NR 16 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 EI 1476-1645 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD AUG PY 2014 VL 91 IS 2 BP 240 EP 245 DI 10.4269/ajtmh.14-0072 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA AM4ZD UT WOS:000339863800008 PM 24778196 ER PT J AU Conrardy, C Tao, Y Kuzmin, IV Niezgoda, M Agwanda, B Breiman, RF Anderson, LJ Rupprecht, CE Tong, SX AF Conrardy, Christina Tao, Ying Kuzmin, Ivan V. Niezgoda, Michael Agwanda, Bernard Breiman, Robert F. Anderson, Larry J. Rupprecht, Charles E. Tong, Suxiang TI Short Report: Molecular Detection of Adenoviruses, Rhabdoviruses, and Paramyxoviruses in Bats from Kenya SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID EMERGING VIRUSES; IDENTIFICATION; DISEASE AB We screened 217 bats of at least 20 species from 17 locations in Kenya during July and August of 2006 for the presence of adenovirus, rhabdovirus, and paramyxovirus nucleic acids using generic reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and PCR assays. Of 217 bat fecal swabs examined, 4 bats were adenovirus DNA-positive, 11 bats were paramyxovirus RNA-positive, and 2 bats were rhabdovirus RNA-positive. Three bats were coinfected by two different viruses. By sequence comparison and phylogenetic analysis, the Kenya bat paramyxoviruses and rhabdoviruses from this study may represent novel viral lineages within their respective families; the Kenya bat adenoviruses could not be confirmed as novel, because the same region sequences from other known bat adenovirus genomes for comparison were lacking. Our study adds to previous evidence that bats carry diverse, potentially zoonotic viruses and may be coinfected with more than one virus. C1 [Conrardy, Christina; Tao, Ying; Anderson, Larry J.; Tong, Suxiang] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot & Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Kuzmin, Ivan V.; Rupprecht, Charles E.] Global Alliance Rabies Control, Manhattan, KS USA. [Agwanda, Bernard] Natl Museum, Dept Zool, Nairobi, Kenya. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent Kenya, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Breiman, Robert F.; Anderson, Larry J.] Emory Univ, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Kuzmin, Ivan V.; Niezgoda, Michael; Rupprecht, Charles E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, NCEZID, Atlanta, GA USA. [Breiman, Robert F.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global Dis Detect Div, Nairobi, Kenya. RP Tong, SX (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS G18, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM gvr3@cdc.gov; hfe0@cdc.gov; ivkuzmin@yandex.ru; man6@cdc.gov; ben_risky@yahoo.co.uk; rfbreiman@emory.edu; larry.anderson@emory.edu; charles_rupprecht@yahoo.com; sot1@cdc.gov FU Global Disease Detection Program (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA) FX The study was approved by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Protocol Number 2096) and supported, in part, by the Global Disease Detection Program (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA). NR 23 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 EI 1476-1645 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD AUG PY 2014 VL 91 IS 2 BP 258 EP 266 DI 10.4269/ajtmh.13-0664 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA AM4ZD UT WOS:000339863800011 PM 24865685 ER PT J AU Mace, KE Gueye, AS Lynch, MF Tassiba, EM Rowe, AK AF Mace, Kimberly E. Gueye, Abdou Salam Lynch, Michael F. Tassiba, Esther M. Rowe, Alexander K. TI An Evaluation of Methods for Assessing the Quality of Case Management for Inpatients with Malaria in Benin SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID SEVERE DISEASE; CHILDREN; TANZANIA; CARE; HOSPITALS; COUNTRIES AB To improve healthcare quality for hospitalized patients with malaria in Benin, a feasible and valid evaluation method is needed. Because observation of inpatients is challenging, chart abstraction is an attractive option. However, the quality of inpatient charts is unknown. We employed three methods in five hospitals to assess 11 signs of malaria and severe disease: 1) chart abstraction (probability sample of inpatients), 2) chart abstraction compared to interviews of inpatients and health workers (HWs), and 3) abstraction from charts of recently discharged inpatients compared to interviews with HWs. Method 1 showed that of 473 malaria signs (from 43 charts), 178 (38%, 95% confidence interval 24-51%) were documented. Method 2 showed that 96% (45 of 47) of documented signs were valid. Method 3 suggests that 65% (36 of 55) of non-documented signs were assessed (but not documented) by HWs. Chart abstraction was feasible and documented data were valid, but results should be interpreted cautiously in consideration of low levels of documentation. C1 [Mace, Kimberly E.; Gueye, Abdou Salam; Lynch, Michael F.; Rowe, Alexander K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Malaria Branch, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Tassiba, Esther M.] Populat Serv Int, Cotonou, Benin. RP Mace, KE (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Malaria Branch, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop A06, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM KMace@cdc.gov; for6@cdc.gov; wzl4@cdc.gov; mtassiba@psi.org; axr9@cdc.gov FU United States President's Malaria Initiative; Government of Benin FX Funding for the survey was provided by the United States President's Malaria Initiative and the Government of Benin. NR 24 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 EI 1476-1645 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD AUG PY 2014 VL 91 IS 2 BP 354 EP 360 DI 10.4269/ajtmh.13-0389 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA AM4ZD UT WOS:000339863800027 PM 24865676 ER PT J AU Plotkin, M Said, K Msellem, MI Chase, RP Hendler, N Khamis, AR Roman, E Kitojo, C Schwartz, AC Gutman, J McElroy, PD AF Plotkin, Marya Said, Khadija Msellem, Mwinyi I. Chase, Rachel P. Hendler, Natalie Khamis, Asma Ramadhan Roman, Elaine Kitojo, Chonge Schwartz, Alanna C. Gutman, Julie McElroy, Peter D. TI Placental Malaria Is Rare Among Zanzibari Pregnant Women Who Did Not Receive Intermittent Preventive Treatment in Pregnancy SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID UNSTABLE TRANSMISSION; BURDEN; AREA; MORTALITY; UGANDA; IMPACT; NETS AB Zanzibar has transitioned from malaria control to the pre-elimination phase, and the continued need for intermittent preventive treatment during pregnancy (IPTp) has been questioned. We conducted a prospective observational study to estimate placental malaria positivity rate among women who did not receive IPTp with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine. A convenience sample of pregnant women was enrolled from six clinics on the day of delivery from August of 2011 to September of 2012. Dried placental blood spot specimens were analyzed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR); 9 of 1,349 specimens (0.7%; precision estimate = 0.2-1.1%) were PCR-positive for Plasmodium falciparum. Placental infection was detected on both Pemba (N = 3) and Unguja (N = 6). Placental malaria positivity in Zanzibar was low, even in the absence of IPTp. It may be reasonable for the Ministry of Health to consider discontinuing IPTp, intensifying surveillance efforts, and promoting insecticide-treated nets and effective case management of malaria in pregnancy. C1 [Plotkin, Marya; Hendler, Natalie; Khamis, Asma Ramadhan] Jhpiego Tanzania, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania. [Said, Khadija; Msellem, Mwinyi I.] Zanzibar Minist Hlth, Zanzibar Malaria Eliminat Programme, Zanzibar, Tanzania. [Roman, Elaine] Jhpiego Baltimore, Baltimore, MD USA. [Chase, Rachel P.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Int Hlth, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. [Schwartz, Alanna C.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Med, San Francisco, CA USA. US Presidents Malaria Initiat, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania. [Kitojo, Chonge] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent Tanzania, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania. [McElroy, Peter D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Said, Khadija; Msellem, Mwinyi I.] Zanzibar Minist Hlth, Zanzibar Malaria Control Programme, Zanzibar, Tanzania. RP Plotkin, M (reprint author), POB 9170, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania. EM Marya.Plotkin@jhpiego.org; khadijasd@yahoo.com; minwinyi@hotmail.com; rchase@jhu.edu; Natalie.Hendler@jhpiego.org; AsmaRamadan.Khamis@jhpiego.org; Elaine.Roman@jhpiego.org; Kitojoc@tz.cdc.gov; alanna.schwartz@ucsf.edu; jgutman@cdc.gov; pgm9@cdc.gov FU US President's Malaria Initiative, US Agency for International Development (USAID) under Mothers and Infants, Safe Healthy Alive Program [621-A-00-08-00023-00] FX This work was supported by the US President's Malaria Initiative, US Agency for International Development (USAID) under the terms of Cooperative Agreement No. 621-A-00-08-00023-00, Mothers and Infants, Safe Healthy Alive Program. This study was made possible by the support of the American people through USAID. NR 33 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 EI 1476-1645 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD AUG PY 2014 VL 91 IS 2 BP 367 EP 373 DI 10.4269/ajtmh.13-0586 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA AM4ZD UT WOS:000339863800029 PM 24891469 ER PT J AU Amin, N Pickering, AJ Ram, PK Unicomb, L Najnin, N Homaira, N Ashraf, S Abedin, J Islam, MS Luby, SP AF Amin, Nuhu Pickering, Amy J. Ram, Pavani K. Unicomb, Leanne Najnin, Nusrat Homaira, Nusrat Ashraf, Sania Abedin, Jaynal Islam, M. Sirajul Luby, Stephen P. TI Microbiological Evaluation of the Efficacy of Soapy Water to Clean Hands: A Randomized, Non-Inferiority Field Trial SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID HANDWASHING BEHAVIOR; CHILDHOOD DIARRHEA; RURAL BANGLADESH; HEALTH; COMMUNITIES; PAKISTAN; RISK; CARE; SANITATION; DISEASE AB We conducted a randomized, non-inferiority field trial in urban Dhaka, Bangladesh among mothers to compare microbial efficacy of soapy water (30 g powdered detergent in 1.5 L water) with bar soap and water alone. Fieldworkers collected hand rinse samples before and after the following washing regimens: scrubbing with soapy water for 15 and 30 seconds; scrubbing with bar soap for 15 and 30 seconds; and scrubbing with water alone for 15 seconds. Soapy water and bar soap removed thermotolerant coliforms similarly after washing for 15 seconds (mean log(10) reduction = 0.7 colony-forming units [CFU], P < 0.001 for soapy water; mean log(10) reduction = 0.6 CFU, P = 0.001 for bar soap). Increasing scrubbing time to 30 seconds did not improve removal (P > 0.05). Scrubbing hands with water alone also reduced thermotolerant coliforms (mean log(10) reduction = 0.3 CFU, P = 0.046) but was less efficacious than scrubbing hands with soapy water. Soapy water is an inexpensive and microbiologically effective cleansing agent to improve handwashing among households with vulnerable children. C1 [Amin, Nuhu; Unicomb, Leanne; Najnin, Nusrat; Homaira, Nusrat; Ashraf, Sania; Abedin, Jaynal; Islam, M. Sirajul] Int Ctr Diarrhoeal Dis Res, Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh. [Pickering, Amy J.; Luby, Stephen P.] Stanford Univ, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Ram, Pavani K.] SUNY Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Amin, N (reprint author), Int Ctr Diarrhoeal Dis Res, Ctr Communicable Dis, Water Sanitat & Hyg Res Grp, 68 Shaheed Tajuddin Ahmed Sarani, Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh. EM nuhu.amin@icddrb.org; amyjanel@stanford.edu; pkram@buffalo.edu; leanne@icddrb.org; nnajnin@icddrb.org; nhomaira@icddrb.org; asaniaashraf@gmail.com; jaynal@icddrb.org; sislam@icddrb.org; sluby@stanford.edu OI Luby, Stephen/0000-0001-5385-899X FU US Agency for International Development (USAID) FX This research protocol was funded by the US Agency for International Development (USAID). NR 47 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 4 U2 53 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 EI 1476-1645 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD AUG PY 2014 VL 91 IS 2 BP 415 EP 423 DI 10.4269/ajtmh.13-0475 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA AM4ZD UT WOS:000339863800037 PM 24914003 ER PT J AU Sommer, YL Verdon, CP Fresquez, MR Ward, CD Wood, EB Pan, Y Caldwell, KL Jones, RL AF Sommer, Yuliya L. Verdon, Carl P. Fresquez, Mark R. Ward, Cynthia D. Wood, Elliott B. Pan, Yi Caldwell, Kathleen L. Jones, Robert L. TI Measurement of mercury species in human blood using triple spike isotope dilution with SPME-GC-ICP-DRC-MS SO ANALYTICAL AND BIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Speciation; Mercury; Blood; Biomonitoring; Isotope dilution; SPME; GC; ICP-MS ID SOLID-PHASE MICROEXTRACTION; PLASMA-MASS SPECTROMETRY; FRACTIONATION; SYSTEM AB The measurement of different mercury compounds in human blood can provide valuable information about the type of mercury exposure. To this end, our laboratory developed a biomonitoring method for the quantification of inorganic (iHg), methyl (MeHg), and ethyl (EtHg) mercury in whole blood using a triple-spike isotope dilution (TSID) quantification method employing capillary gas chromatography (GC) and inductively coupled dynamic reaction cell mass spectrometry (ICP-DRC-MS). We used a robotic CombiPAL (R) sample handling station featuring twin fiber-based solid-phase microextraction (SPME) injector heads. The use of two SPME fibers significantly reduces sample analysis cycle times making this method very suitable for high sample throughput, which is a requirement for large public health biomonitoring studies. Our sample preparation procedure involved solubilization of blood samples with tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAH) followed by the derivatization with sodium tetra(n-propyl) borate (NaBPr4) to promote volatility of mercury species. We thoroughly investigated-mercury species stability in the blood matrix during the course of sample treatment and analysis. The method accuracy for quantifying iHg, MeHg, and EtHg was validated using NIST standard reference materials (SRM955c level 3) and the Centre de Toxicologie du Quebec (CTQ) proficiency testing (PT) samples. The limit of detection (LOD) for iHg, MeHg, and EtHg in human blood was determined to be 0.27, 0.12, and 0.16 mu g/L, respectively. C1 [Sommer, Yuliya L.; Verdon, Carl P.; Fresquez, Mark R.; Ward, Cynthia D.; Wood, Elliott B.; Pan, Yi; Caldwell, Kathleen L.; Jones, Robert L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Div Analyt Sci, Inorgan & Radiat Analyt Toxicol Branch, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Sommer, Yuliya L.; Fresquez, Mark R.] Battelle Mem Inst, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Wood, Elliott B.] Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Sommer, YL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Div Analyt Sci, Inorgan & Radiat Analyt Toxicol Branch, 4770 Buford Highway NE,MS F-50, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM YSommer@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 21 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 5 U2 51 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1618-2642 EI 1618-2650 J9 ANAL BIOANAL CHEM JI Anal. Bioanal. Chem. PD AUG PY 2014 VL 406 IS 20 BP 5039 EP 5047 DI 10.1007/s00216-014-7907-4 PG 9 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA AM5FA UT WOS:000339880500022 PM 24948088 ER PT J AU Pantazides, BG Watson, CM Carter, MD Crow, BS Perez, JW Blake, TA Thomas, JD Johnson, RC AF Pantazides, Brooke G. Watson, Caroline M. Carter, Melissa D. Crow, Brian S. Perez, Jonas W. Blake, Thomas A. Thomas, Jerry D. Johnson, Rudolph C. TI An enhanced butyrylcholinesterase method to measure organophosphorus nerve agent exposure in humans SO ANALYTICAL AND BIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Organophosphorus nerve agent; Butyrylcholinesterase; Cholinesterase inhibitors; Protein adduct; Immunomagnetic separation ID TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY; CHEMICAL WARFARE AGENTS; HUMAN SERUM; ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE ACTIVITY; QUALITY-CONTROL; ALBUMIN; SARIN; CHOLINESTERASES; QUANTIFICATION; TYROSINE AB Organophosphorus nerve agent (OPNA) adducts to butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) can be used to confirm exposure in humans. A highly accurate method to detect G- and V-series OPNA adducts to BChE in 75 mu L of filtered blood, serum, or plasma has been developed using immunomagnetic separation (IMS) coupled with liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The reported IMS method captures > 88 % of the BChE in a specimen and corrects for matrix effects on peptide calibrators. The optimized method has been used to quantify baseline BChE levels (unadducted and OPNA-adducted) in a matched-set of serum, plasma, and whole blood (later processed in-house for plasma content) from 192 unexposed individuals to determine the interchangeability of the tested matrices. The results of these measurements demonstrate the ability to accurately measure BChE regardless of the format of the blood specimen received. Criteria for accepting or denying specimens were established through a series of sample stability and processing experiments. The results of these efforts are an optimized and rugged method that is transferrable to other laboratories and an increased understanding of the BChE biomarker in matrix. C1 [Pantazides, Brooke G.; Carter, Melissa D.; Crow, Brian S.; Blake, Thomas A.; Thomas, Jerry D.; Johnson, Rudolph C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Watson, Caroline M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Perez, Jonas W.] Battelle Mem Inst, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Johnson, RC (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, 4770 Buford Highway NE, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM rmj6@cdc.gov OI Blake, Thomas/0000-0001-8536-9998 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Defense Threat Reduction Agency; Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education FX This work was funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Defense Threat Reduction Agency, and Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education. NR 30 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 9 U2 36 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1618-2642 EI 1618-2650 J9 ANAL BIOANAL CHEM JI Anal. Bioanal. Chem. PD AUG PY 2014 VL 406 IS 21 BP 5187 EP 5194 DI 10.1007/s00216-014-7718-7 PG 8 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA AM5FE UT WOS:000339881100013 PM 24604326 ER PT J AU Hamelin, EI Schulze, ND Shaner, RL Coleman, RM Lawrence, RJ Crow, BS Jakubowski, EM Johnson, RC AF Hamelin, Elizabeth I. Schulze, Nicholas D. Shaner, Rebecca L. Coleman, Rebecca M. Lawrence, Richard J. Crow, Brian S. Jakubowski, E. M. Johnson, Rudolph C. TI Quantitation of five organophosphorus nerve agent metabolites in serum using hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry SO ANALYTICAL AND BIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Organophosphorus nerve agents; Metabolites; Serum; Exposure ID ISOPROPYL METHYLPHOSPHONIC ACID; ISOTOPE-DILUTION; HUMAN URINE; DEGRADATION-PRODUCTS; QUANTIFICATION; SAMPLES; SARIN; SOMAN; IONIZATION; EXTRACTION AB Although nerve agent use is prohibited, concerns remain for human exposure to nerve agents during decommissioning, research, and warfare. Exposure can be detected through the analysis of hydrolysis products in urine as well as blood. An analytical method to detect exposure to five nerve agents, including VX, VR (Russian VX), GB (sarin), GD (soman), and GF (cyclosarin), through the analysis of the hydrolysis products, which are the primary metabolites, in serum has been developed and characterized. This method uses solid-phase extraction coupled with high-performance liquid chromatography for separation and isotopic dilution tandem mass spectrometry for detection. An uncommon buffer of ammonium fluoride was used to enhance ionization and improve sensitivity when coupled with hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography resulting in detection limits from 0.3 to 0.5 ng/mL. The assessment of two quality control samples demonstrated high accuracy (101-105 %) and high precision (5-8 %) for the detection of these five nerve agent hydrolysis products in serum. C1 [Hamelin, Elizabeth I.; Shaner, Rebecca L.; Crow, Brian S.; Johnson, Rudolph C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Schulze, Nicholas D.; Coleman, Rebecca M.] ORISE, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. [Lawrence, Richard J.; Jakubowski, E. M.] US Army Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, R&T Directorate, Aberdeen, MD 21010 USA. RP Hamelin, EI (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, 4770 Buford Hwy, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM ehamelin@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 20 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 9 U2 33 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1618-2642 EI 1618-2650 J9 ANAL BIOANAL CHEM JI Anal. Bioanal. Chem. PD AUG PY 2014 VL 406 IS 21 BP 5195 EP 5202 DI 10.1007/s00216-014-7702-2 PG 8 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA AM5FE UT WOS:000339881100014 PM 24633507 ER PT J AU Mervish, N McGovern, KJ Teitelbaum, SL Pinney, SM Windham, GC Biro, PM Kushi, LH Silva, MJ Ye, XY Calafat, AM Wolff, MS AF Mervish, Nancy McGovern, Kathleen J. Teitelbaum, Susan L. Pinney, Susan M. Windham, Gayle C. Biro, Prank M. Kushi, Lawrence H. Silva, Manori J. Ye, Xiaoyun Calafat, Antonia M. Wolff, Mary S. TI Dietary predictors of urinary environmental biomarkers in young girls, BCERP, 2004-7 SO ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Biomarkers; Endocrine disruptors; Phthalates; Bisphenol A; Parabens ID BISPHENOL-A BPA; PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; IN-UTERO EXPOSURE; PHTHALATE METABOLITES; TEMPORAL VARIABILITY; PUBLISHED LITERATURE; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; SEMEN QUALITY; FOOD; ESTERS AB Background: Exposures of children to phthalates, parabens, and bisphenol-A (BPA) are of concern because of their hormonal potential. These agents are found in a wide range of foods and packaging. We investigated whether intake of certain foods predict exposures to these chemicals in young girls. Methods: Among 1101 girls (6-8 years at enrollment) from the Breast Cancer and Environment Research Program (BCERP) study, we measured urinary exposure biomarkers for phthalates, parabens, and BPA and assessed dietary intake using 24-h recall 2-4 times. We examined the average daily servings of major and minor food groups categorized as 0 to < 0.5, 0.5 to < 1 and >= 1 servings per day. Items included dairy, eggs, fats, fish, fruit, single grains, meat, non-poultry meats, pasta, poultry and vegetables. Covariate-adjusted least squares geometric means and 95% confidence intervals of creatinine-corrected phthalate and phenol metabolite concentrations in urine were calculated in relation to food intake. Results: Grains, flour and dry mixes and total fish consumption were positively associated with BPA and the sum of four di-2-ethylhexylphthalate (DEHP) urinary metabolite concentrations. Non-fresh vegetables and poultry were both positively associated with BPA and paraben urinary concentrations. Fats, oils and poultry consumption were positively associated with BPA. Whole-fat dairy consumption was associated with Sigma DEHP. Conclusions: Some foods may contribute to child exposures to certain chemicals, and this may constitute modifiable means to reduce these environmental exposures. (C) 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Mervish, Nancy; McGovern, Kathleen J.; Teitelbaum, Susan L.; Wolff, Mary S.] Icahn Sch Med Mt Sinai, Dept Prevent Med, New York, NY 10029 USA. [Pinney, Susan M.] Univ Cincinnati, Coll Med, Dept Environm Hlth, Cincinnati, OH 45267 USA. [Windham, Gayle C.] Calif Dept Publ Hlth, Div Environm & Occupat Dis Control, Richmond, CA 94804 USA. [Biro, Prank M.] Cincinnati Childrens Hosp, Med Ctr, Div Adolescent Med, Cincinnati, OH 45229 USA. [Kushi, Lawrence H.] Kaiser Permanente, Div Res, Oakland, CA 94612 USA. [Silva, Manori J.; Ye, Xiaoyun; Calafat, Antonia M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Mervish, N (reprint author), Icahn Sch Med Mt Sinai, Dept Prevent Med, 1 Gustave L Levy Pl Box 1057, New York, NY 10029 USA. EM Nancy.Mervish@mssm.edu OI Kushi, Lawrence/0000-0001-9136-1175 FU NIEHS NIH HHS [U01 ES012771, P30 ES006096, P30 ES023515, U01 ES012801, U01 ES019454] NR 51 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 3 U2 26 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0013-9351 EI 1096-0953 J9 ENVIRON RES JI Environ. Res. PD AUG PY 2014 VL 133 BP 12 EP 19 DI 10.1016/j.envres.2014.04.040 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AM2UI UT WOS:000339705900003 PM 24906063 ER PT J AU Sarnat, JA Golan, R Greenwald, R Raysoni, AU Kewada, P Winquist, A Sarnat, SE Flanders, WD Mirabelli, MC Zora, JE Bergin, MH Yip, F AF Sarnat, Jeremy A. Golan, Rachel Greenwald, Roby Raysoni, Amit U. Kewada, Priya Winquist, Andrea Sarnat, Stefanie E. Flanders, W. Dana Mirabelli, Maria C. Zora, Jennifer E. Bergin, Michael H. Yip, Fuyuen TI Exposure to traffic pollution, acute inflammation and autonomic response in a panel of car commuters SO ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Car commute; Exhaled nitric oxide; Heart rate variability; Asthma ID EXHALED NITRIC-OXIDE; HEART-RATE-VARIABILITY; PARTICULATE AIR-POLLUTION; BREATH CONDENSATE; OXIDATIVE STRESS; ASSOCIATION; PARTICLES; CHILDREN; DISEASE; ASTHMA AB Background: Exposure to traffic pollution has been linked to numerous adverse health endpoints. Despite this, limited data examining traffic exposures during realistic commutes and acute response exists. Objectives: We conducted the Atlanta Commuters Exposures (ACE-1) Study, an extensive panel-based exposure and health study, to measure chemically-resolved in-vehicle exposures and corresponding changes in acute oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation, pulmonary and systemic inflammation and autonomic response. Methods: We recruited 42 adults (21 with and 21 without asthma) to conduct two 2-h scripted highway commutes during morning rush hour in the metropolitan Atlanta area. A suite of in-vehicle particulate components were measured in the subjects' private vehicles. Biomarker measurements were conducted before, during, and immediately after the commutes and in 3 hourly intervals after commutes. Results: At measurement time points within 3 h after the commute, we observed mild to pronounced elevations relative to baseline in exhaled nitric oxide, C-reactive-protein, and exhaled malondialdehyde, indicative of pulmonary and systemic inflammation and oxidative stress initiation, as well as decreases relative to baseline levels in the time-domain heart-rate variability parameters, SDNN and rMSSD, indicative of autonomic dysfunction. We did not observe any detectable changes in lung function measurements (FEV1, PVC), the frequency-domain heart-rate variability parameter or other systemic biomarkers of vascular injury. Water soluble organic carbon was associated with changes in eNO at all post-commute time-points (p < 0.0001). Conclusions: Our results point to measureable changes in pulmonary and autonomic biomarkers following a scripted 2-h highway commute. (C) 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Sarnat, Jeremy A.; Golan, Rachel; Greenwald, Roby; Raysoni, Amit U.; Kewada, Priya; Winquist, Andrea; Sarnat, Stefanie E.; Flanders, W. Dana] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm & Occupat Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Sarnat, Jeremy A.; Flanders, W. Dana; Mirabelli, Maria C.; Yip, Fuyuen] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Div Environm Hazards & Hlth Effects, Air Pollut & Resp Hlth Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Zora, Jennifer E.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Bergin, Michael H.] Georgia Inst Technol, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. RP Sarnat, JA (reprint author), Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm & Occupat Hlth, 1518 Clifton Rd,Room 260, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. EM jsarnat@sph.emory.edu OI Mirabelli, Maria/0000-0002-3540-0085 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; US EPA grant [R834799] FX This publication was made possible by funding from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and by US EPA grant R834799. This publication's contents are solely the responsibility of the grantee and do not necessarily represent the official views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the Department of Health and Human Services, the US EPA or the United States government. None of the funding bodies endorse the purchase of any commercial products or services mentioned in the publication. The authors would like to express their gratitude to the individuals who participated in this research project NR 45 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 3 U2 35 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0013-9351 EI 1096-0953 J9 ENVIRON RES JI Environ. Res. PD AUG PY 2014 VL 133 BP 66 EP 76 DI 10.1016/j.envres.2014.05.004 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AM2UI UT WOS:000339705900010 PM 24906070 ER PT J AU Jaganath, D Saito, M Gilman, RH Queiroz, DMM Rocha, GA Cama, V Cabrera, L Kelleher, D Windle, HJ Crabtree, JE Checkley, W AF Jaganath, Devan Saito, Mayuko Gilman, Robert H. Queiroz, Dulciene M. M. Rocha, Gifone A. Cama, Vitaliano Cabrera, Lilia Kelleher, Dermot Windle, Henry J. Crabtree, Jean E. Checkley, William TI First Detected Helicobacter pylori Infection in Infancy Modifies the Association Between Diarrheal Disease and Childhood Growth in Peru SO HELICOBACTER LA English DT Article DE Child; diarrhea; growth; Helicobacter pylori ID BANGLADESHI CHILDREN; SOCIOECONOMIC-STATUS; NUTRITIONAL-STATUS; LIVING-CONDITIONS; LINEAR GROWTH; RISK-FACTORS; AGE; ACQUISITION; ANTIBODIES; LIFE AB Background: In endemic settings, Helicobacter pylori infection can occur shortly after birth and may be associated with a reduction in childhood growth. Materials and Methods: This study investigated what factors promote earlier age of first H. pylori infection and evaluated the role of H. pylori infection in infancy (6-11 months) versus early childhood (12-23 months) on height. We included 183 children near birth from a peri-urban shanty town outside of Lima, Peru. Field-workers collected data on socioeconomic status (SES), daily diarrheal and breast-feeding history, antibiotic use, anthropometrics, and H. pylori status via carbon 13-labeled urea breath test up to 24 months after birth. We used a proportional hazards model to assess risk factors for earlier age at first detected infection and linear mixed-effects models to evaluate the association of first detected H. pylori infection during infancy on attained height. Results: One hundred and forty (77%) were infected before 12 months of age. Lower SES was associated with earlier age at first detected H. pylori infection (low vs middle-to-high SES Hazard ratio (HR) 1.59, 95% CI 1.16, 2.19; p=.004), and greater exclusive breast-feeding was associated with reduced likelihood (HR 0.63, 95% CI 0.40, 0.98, p=.04). H. pylori infection in infancy was not independently associated with growth deficits (p=.58). However, children who had their first detected H. pylori infection in infancy (6-11 months) versus early childhood (12-23 months) and who had an average number of diarrhea episodes per year (3.4) were significantly shorter at 24 months ( 0.37 cm, 95% CI, 0.60, 0.15 cm; p=.001). Discussion: Lower SES was associated with a higher risk of first detected H. pylori infection during infancy, which in turn augmented the adverse association of diarrheal disease on linear growth. C1 [Jaganath, Devan; Gilman, Robert H.; Checkley, William] Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Int Hlth, Program Global Dis Epidemiol & Control, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Saito, Mayuko; Gilman, Robert H.; Cabrera, Lilia; Checkley, William] AB PRISMA, Biomed Res Unit, Lima, Peru. [Gilman, Robert H.] Univ Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Dept Microbiol, Lima, Peru. [Queiroz, Dulciene M. M.; Rocha, Gifone A.] Univ Fed Minas Gerais, Fac Med, Lab Res Bacteriol, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. [Cama, Vitaliano] Ctr Dis Control, Div Parasit Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Kelleher, Dermot; Windle, Henry J.] Trinity Coll Dublin, Dept Clin Med, Dublin, Ireland. [Crabtree, Jean E.] Univ Leeds, Leeds Inst Mol Med, Leeds, W Yorkshire, England. RP Checkley, W (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Div Pulm & Crit Care, 1800 Orleans Ave Suite 9121, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. EM wcheckl1@jhmi.edu OI Jaganath, Devan/0000-0002-8555-5667 FU European Union [INCO-CT-2006-032136] FX We would like to thank the participants and staff of the CONTENT study in Peru. We are also grateful to Maria Luiza E. Scarabelli and Marina do Amaral from the Laboratory of Research in Bacteriology (LPB), Belo Horizonte, Brazil. We thank Dr. Robert Black for his thoughtful comments. The project was funded under the Sixth Framework Program of the European Union, Project content (INCO-CT-2006-032136). NR 46 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 3 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1083-4389 EI 1523-5378 J9 HELICOBACTER JI Helicobacter PD AUG PY 2014 VL 19 IS 4 BP 272 EP 279 DI 10.1111/hel.12130 PG 8 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Microbiology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Microbiology GA AM6DY UT WOS:000339953800004 PM 24750275 ER PT J AU Ellis, J Lange, EM Li, J Dupuis, J Baumert, J Walston, JD Keating, BJ Durda, P Fox, ER Palmer, CD Meng, YA Young, T Farlow, DN Schnabel, RB Marzi, CS Larkin, E Martin, LW Bis, JC Auer, P Ramachandran, VS Gabriel, SB Willis, MS Pankow, JS Papanicolaou, GJ Rotter, JI Ballantyne, CM Gross, MD Lettre, G Wilson, JG Peters, U Koenig, W Tracy, RP Redline, S Reiner, AP Benjamin, EJ Lange, LA AF Ellis, Jaclyn Lange, Ethan M. Li, Jin Dupuis, Josee Baumert, Jens Walston, Jeremy D. Keating, Brendan J. Durda, Peter Fox, Ervin R. Palmer, Cameron D. Meng, Yan A. Young, Taylor Farlow, Deborah N. Schnabel, Renate B. Marzi, Carola S. Larkin, Emma Martin, Lisa W. Bis, Joshua C. Auer, Paul Ramachandran, Vasan S. Gabriel, Stacey B. Willis, Monte S. Pankow, James S. Papanicolaou, George J. Rotter, Jerome I. Ballantyne, Christie M. Gross, Myron D. Lettre, Guillaume Wilson, James G. Peters, Ulrike Koenig, Wolfgang Tracy, Russell P. Redline, Susan Reiner, Alex P. Benjamin, Emelia J. Lange, Leslie A. TI Large multiethnic Candidate Gene Study for C-reactive protein levels: identification of a novel association at CD36 in African Americans SO HUMAN GENETICS LA English DT Article ID GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION; QUANTITATIVE TRAIT LOCI; INSULIN-RESISTANCE; METABOLIC SYNDROME; MOLECULAR CLOCK; BLOOD-PRESSURE; HEART-DISEASE; LINKAGE SCAN; RISK-FACTORS; POPULATION AB C-reactive protein (CRP) is a heritable biomarker of systemic inflammation and a predictor of cardiovascular disease (CVD). Large-scale genetic association studies for CRP have largely focused on individuals of European descent. We sought to uncover novel genetic variants for CRP in a multiethnic sample using the ITMAT Broad-CARe (IBC) array, a custom 50,000 SNP gene-centric array having dense coverage of over 2,000 candidate CVD genes. We performed analyses on 7,570 African Americans (AA) from the Candidate gene Association Resource (CARe) study and race-combined meta-analyses that included 29,939 additional individuals of European descent from CARe, the Women's Health Initiative (WHI) and KORA studies. We observed array-wide significance (p < 2.2 x 10(-6)) for four loci in AA, three of which have been reported previously in individuals of European descent (IL6R, p = 2.0 x 10(-6); CRP, p = 4.2 x 10(-71); APOE, p = 1.6 x 10(-6)). The fourth significant locus, CD36 (p = 1.6 x 10(-6)), was observed at a functional variant (rs3211938) that is extremely rare in individuals of European descent. We replicated the CD36 finding (p = 1.8 x 10(-5)) in an independent sample of 8,041 AA women from WHI; a meta-analysis combining the CARe and WHI AA results at rs3211938 reached genome-wide significance (p = 1.5 x 10(-10)). In the race-combined meta-analyses, 13 loci reached significance, including ten (CRP, TOMM40/APOE/APOC1, HNF1A, LEPR, GCKR, IL6R, IL1RN, NLRP3, HNF4A and BAZ1B/BCL7B) previously associated with CRP, and one (ARNTL) previously reported to be nominally associated with CRP. Two novel loci were also detected (RPS6KB1, p = 2.0 x 10(-6); CD36, p = 1.4 x 10(-6)). These results highlight both shared and unique genetic risk factors for CRP in AA compared to populations of European descent. C1 [Ellis, Jaclyn; Lange, Ethan M.; Li, Jin; Lange, Leslie A.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Genet, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Lange, Ethan M.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Biostat, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Dupuis, Josee; Benjamin, Emelia J.] NHLBI, Framingham, MA 01702 USA. [Dupuis, Josee; Benjamin, Emelia J.] Boston Univ, Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA 01702 USA. [Dupuis, Josee] Boston Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Biostat, Boston, MA 02118 USA. [Baumert, Jens; Marzi, Carola S.] German Res Ctr Environm Hlth, Inst Epidemiol 2, Helmholtz Zentrum Munchen, D-23538 Euherberg, Germany. [Walston, Jeremy D.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Div Geriatr Med & Gerontol, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Keating, Brendan J.] Childrens Hosp Philadelphia, Ctr Appl Genom, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Durda, Peter; Tracy, Russell P.] Univ Vermont, Coll Med, Dept Pathol, Burlington, VT 05405 USA. [Durda, Peter; Tracy, Russell P.] Univ Vermont, Coll Med, Dept Biochem, Burlington, VT 05405 USA. [Fox, Ervin R.; Wilson, James G.] Univ Mississippi, Med Ctr, Dept Physiol & Biophys, Jackson, MS 39216 USA. [Palmer, Cameron D.; Meng, Yan A.; Young, Taylor; Farlow, Deborah N.; Gabriel, Stacey B.] Broad Inst, Program Med & Populat Genet, Cambridge, MA 02142 USA. [Palmer, Cameron D.] Childrens Hosp Boston, Div Genet, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Palmer, Cameron D.] Childrens Hosp Boston, Div Endocrinol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Palmer, Cameron D.] Childrens Hosp Boston, Program Genom, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Schnabel, Renate B.] Univ Heart Ctr Hamburg, Dept Gen & Intervent Cardiol, D-21046 Hamburg, Germany. [Larkin, Emma] Vanderbilt Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Med, Div Allergy Pulm & Crit Care, Nashville, TN 37232 USA. [Martin, Lisa W.] George Washington Sch Med, Div Cardiol, Washington, DC 20037 USA. [Bis, Joshua C.] Univ Washington, Cardiovasc Hlth Res Unit, Seattle, WA 98101 USA. [Bis, Joshua C.] Univ Washington, Dept Med, Seattle, WA 98101 USA. [Auer, Paul] Univ Wisconsin, Sch Publ Hlth, Milwaukee, WI 53206 USA. [Ramachandran, Vasan S.] Boston Univ, Dept Med, Sch Med, Boston, MA 02118 USA. [Willis, Monte S.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Pankow, James S.] Univ Minnesota, Sch Publ Hlth, Div Epidemiol & Community Hlth, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Papanicolaou, George J.] NHLBI, Div Cardiovasc Sci, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Rotter, Jerome I.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Pediat, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Rotter, Jerome I.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Rotter, Jerome I.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Human Genet, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Rotter, Jerome I.] Harbor UCLA Med Ctr, Los Angeles Biomed Res Inst, Inst Translat Genom & Populat Sci, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Rotter, Jerome I.] Harbor UCLA Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Div Genom Outcomes, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Ballantyne, Christie M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Sect Cardiovasc Res, Baylor Coll Med, Methodist DeBakey Heart Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Gross, Myron D.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Lab Med & Pathol, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Lettre, Guillaume] Montreal Heart Inst, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T5, Canada. [Lettre, Guillaume] Univ Montreal, Dept Med, Montreal, PQ H3A 2T5, Canada. [Peters, Ulrike] Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr, Div Publ Hlth Sci, Seattle, WA 98109 USA. [Koenig, Wolfgang] Univ Ulm, Med Ctr, Dept Internal Med Cardiol 2, D-07304 Ulm, Germany. [Redline, Susan] Brigham & Womens Hosp, Dept Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Redline, Susan] Beth Israel Deaconess Med Ctr, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Reiner, Alex P.] Univ Washington, Dept Epidemiol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Benjamin, Emelia J.] Boston Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Boston, MA 02118 USA. RP Lange, LA (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Dept Genet, 5112 Genet Med Bldg, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. EM leslie_lange@med.unc.edu OI Martin, Lisa Warsinger/0000-0003-4352-0914; Ramachandran, Vasan/0000-0001-7357-5970; Benjamin, Emelia/0000-0003-4076-2336 FU National Institutes of Health (NIH)/National Heart Lung and Blood Institute (NHLBI) [HHSN268200625226C]; NHLBI [N01 HC-55015, N01 HC-55016, N01HC-55017, N01 HC-55018, N01 HC-55019, N01 HC-55020, N01 HC-55021, N01-HC-85239, N01-HC-85079, N01-HC-85080, N01-HC-85081, N01-HC-85082, N01-HC-85083]; NINDS; NIA [AG-023629, AG-15928, AG-20098, AG-027058, AG08122, AG033193]; National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities [N01 HC-95170, N01 HC-95171, N01 HC-95172]; German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany; German Federal Ministry of Education and Research; German National Genome Research Network [01GS0834]; German Research Foundation [TH-784/2-1, TH-784/2-2]; European Foundation; Helmholtz Zentrum Munchen; German Diabetes Center; University of Ulm; Munich Center of Health Sciences as part of the Ludwig Maximilians University innovative; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) [CD36 rs3211938]; NHLBI. [N01-HC-85084, N01-HC-85085, N01-HC-85086, N01-HC-35129, N01 HC-15103, N01 HC-55222, N01-HC-75150, N01-HC-45133, HL080295, HHSN268201200036C]; The NHLBI [N01-HC95095, N01-HC48047, N01-HC48048, N01-HC48049, N01-HC48050, N01-HC-25195, R01 NS17950, N01-HC-65226, R01 HL071862, RC2 HL-103010, RC2 HL-102923, RC2 HL-102924, RC2 HL-102925, RC2 HL-102926]; [N01 HC-95159]; [N01-HC-95160]; [N01-HC-95161]; [N01-HC-95162]; [N01-HC-95163]; [N01-HC-95164]; [N01-HC-95165]; [N01-HC-95166]; [N01-HC-95167]; [N01-HC-95168]; [N01-HC-95169]; [RR-024156] FX CARe is supported by contract number HHSN268200625226C from the National Institutes of Health (NIH)/National Heart Lung and Blood Institute (NHLBI). Sources of funding for individual CARe cohorts: Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC): NHLBI (N01 HC-55015, N01 HC-55016, N01HC-55017, N01 HC-55018, N01 HC-55019, N01 HC-55020, N01 HC-55021); Cardiovascular Health Study (CHS): NHLBI (N01-HC-85239, N01-HC-85079 through N01-HC-85086, N01-HC-35129, N01 HC-15103, N01 HC-55222, N01-HC-75150, N01-HC-45133, grant HL080295 and contract HHSN268201200036C), with additional support from NINDS and from NIA (AG-023629, AG-15928, AG-20098, and AG-027058); Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA): NHLBI (N01-HC95095 & N01-HC48047, N01-HC48048, N01-HC48049, and N01-HC48050); Framingham Heart Study (FHS): NHLBI (N01-HC-25195 and grant R01 NS17950) with additional support from NIA (AG08122 and AG033193); Jackson Heart Study (JHS): NHLBI and the National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities (N01 HC-95170, N01 HC-95171 and N01 HC-95172); MultiEthnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA): N01 HC-95159, N01-HC-95160, N01-HC-95161, N01-HC-95162, N01-HC-95163, N01-HC-95164, N01-HC-95165, N01-HC-95166, N01-HC-95167, N01-HC-95168, N01-HC-95169 and RR-024156. Funding for CARe genotyping was provided by NHLBI Contract N01-HC-65226. Additional financial support was provided by NHLBI grant R01 HL071862. The MONICA/KORA Augsburg studies were financed by the Helmholtz Zentrum Munchen, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Neuherberg, Germany and supported by grants from the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research. Part of this work was financed by the German National Genome Research Network (project number 01GS0834), by the German Research Foundation (TH-784/2-1 and TH-784/2-2), by the European Foundation for the Study of Diabetes and through additional funds from the Helmholtz Zentrum Munchen, the German Diabetes Center and the University of Ulm. Furthermore, the research was supported within the Munich Center of Health Sciences as part of the Ludwig Maximilians University innovative. The authors wish to thank the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) Exome Sequencing Project for providing a reference panel for CD36 rs3211938 imputation. Funding for GO ESP was provided by NHLBI grants RC2 HL-103010 (HeartGO), RC2 HL-102923 (LungGO) and RC2 HL-102924 (WHISP). The exome sequencing was performed through NHLBI grants RC2 HL-102925 (BroadGO) and RC2 HL-102926 (SeattleGO). NR 63 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 8 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0340-6717 EI 1432-1203 J9 HUM GENET JI Hum. Genet. PD AUG PY 2014 VL 133 IS 8 BP 985 EP 995 DI 10.1007/s00439-014-1439-z PG 11 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA AM4FQ UT WOS:000339809200004 PM 24643644 ER PT J AU Bamrah, S Brostrom, R Dorina, F Setik, L Song, R Kawamura, LM Heetderks, A Mase, S AF Bamrah, S. Brostrom, R. Dorina, F. Setik, L. Song, R. Kawamura, L. M. Heetderks, A. Mase, S. TI Treatment for LTBI in contacts of MDR-TB patients, Federated States of Micronesia, 2009-2012 SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TUBERCULOSIS AND LUNG DISEASE LA English DT Article DE multidrug-resistant TB; Mycobacterium tuberculosis; TB prevention ID MULTIDRUG-RESISTANT TUBERCULOSIS; TREATMENT OUTCOMES; METAANALYSIS; OUTBREAK; CHILDREN; THERAPY AB SETTING: Few studies have shown the operational feasibility, safety, tolerability, or outcomes of multidrug-resistant latent tuberculous infection (MDR LTBI) treatment. After two simultaneous multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) outbreaks in Chuuk, Federated States of Micronesia, infected contacts were offered a 12-month fluoroquinolone (FQ) based MDR LTBI treatment regimen. DESIGN: Between January 2009 and February 2012, 119 contacts of MDR-TB patients were followed using a prospective observational study design. After MDR-TB disease was excluded, 12 months of daily FQ-based preventive treatment of MDR LTBI was provided by directly observed therapy. RESULTS: Among the 119 infected contacts, 15 refused, while 104 began treatment for MDR LTBI. Of the 104 who initiated treatment, 93 (89%) completed treatment, while 4 contacts discontinued due to adverse effects. None of the 104 contacts who undertook MDR LTBI treatment of any duration developed MDR-TB disease; however, 3 of 15 contacts who refused and 15 unidentified contacts developed MDR-TB disease. CONCLUSION: Providing treatment for MDR LTBI can be accomplished in a resource-limited setting, and contributed to preventing MDR-TB disease. The Chuuk TB program implemented treatment of MDR LTBI with an 89% completion rate. The MDR LTBI regimens were safe and well tolerated, and no TB cases occurred among persons treated for MDR LTBI. C1 [Bamrah, S.; Brostrom, R.; Song, R.; Heetderks, A.; Mase, S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Brostrom, R.] Hawaii State Dept Hlth, Honolulu, HI USA. [Dorina, F.; Setik, L.] Minist Hlth, Chuuk State TB Program, Chuuk, Micronesia. [Song, R.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Childrens Hosp Boston, Dept Infect Dis, Boston, MA USA. [Kawamura, L. M.] San Francisco Dept Publ Hlth, TB Control Sect, San Francisco, CA USA. RP Bamrah, S (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mailstop E-10, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM sbamrah@cdc.gov FU Chuuk State TB Program; US Department of Interior-Compact of Free Association (Washington DC, USA); Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC, Atlanta, GA, USA); Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (Saipan, FSM); CDC FX The Chuuk State TB Program, US Department of Interior-Compact of Free Association (Washington DC, USA), the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC, Atlanta, GA, USA) and the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (Saipan, FSM) all provided funds for travel of researchers to FSM during the outbreak investigation and during follow-up visits to complete the study. Only Chuuk State TB Program and the CDC contributed funds toward data collection, analysis and the preparation of the manuscript. NR 31 TC 28 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 2 PU INT UNION AGAINST TUBERCULOSIS LUNG DISEASE (I U A T L D) PI PARIS PA 68 BOULEVARD SAINT-MICHEL,, 75006 PARIS, FRANCE SN 1027-3719 EI 1815-7920 J9 INT J TUBERC LUNG D JI Int. J. Tuberc. Lung Dis. PD AUG PY 2014 VL 18 IS 8 BP 912 EP 918 DI 10.5588/ijtld.13.0028 PG 7 WC Infectious Diseases; Respiratory System SC Infectious Diseases; Respiratory System GA AM1YY UT WOS:000339646400007 PM 25199004 ER PT J AU Shivaramakrishna, HR Frederick, A Shazia, A Murali, L Satyanarayana, S Nair, SA Kumar, AM Moonan, PK AF Shivaramakrishna, H. R. Frederick, A. Shazia, A. Murali, L. Satyanarayana, S. Nair, S. A. Kumar, A. M. Moonan, P. K. TI Isoniazid preventive treatment in children in two districts of South India: does practice follow policy? SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TUBERCULOSIS AND LUNG DISEASE LA English DT Article DE tuberculosis; contact investigation; children; isoniazid; preventive treatment ID LATENT TUBERCULOSIS INFECTION; TREATMENT COMPLETION; THERAPY; ADHERENCE; RIFAMPIN; TRIAL AB SETTING: Two districts of Tamil Nadu, India OBJECTIVES: To determine the proportion of household contacts aged <6 years of patients with tuberculosis (TB) with positive sputum microscopy results who initiated and completed isoniazid preventive treatment (IPT), and to determine reasons for non-initiation and non-completion of IPT. DESIGN: Household visits were conducted on a random sample of adult patients registered during January-June 2012 to identify household contacts aged <6 years. RESULTS: Among 271 children living with 691 index patients, 218 (80%) were evaluated and 9 (4%) were diagnosed with TB. Of 209 remaining contacts, 70 (33%) started IPT and 16 (22.9%) completed a full course of IPT. Of 139 contacts who did not start IPT, five developed TB disease. Reasons for non-initiation of IPT included no home visit by the field staff (19%) and no education about IPT (61%). Reasons for non-completion included isoniazid not provided (52%) and long duration of treatment (28%). CONCLUSION: This study shows that Revised National TB Programme guidance was not being followed and IPT implementation was poor. Poor IPT uptake represents a missed opportunity to prevent future TB cases. Provision of IPT may be improved through training, improved logistics and enhanced supervision and monitoring. C1 [Shivaramakrishna, H. R.; Shazia, A.; Nair, S. A.] World Hlth Org Country Off India, New Delhi, India. [Frederick, A.] Revised Natl TB Control Programme RNTCP, Dist TB Unit, Madras, Tamil Nadu, India. [Murali, L.] RNTCP State TB Unit, Madras, Tamil Nadu, India. [Satyanarayana, S.; Kumar, A. M.] Int Union TB & Lung Dis, South East Asia Reg Off, New Delhi, India. [Moonan, P. K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Shivaramakrishna, HR (reprint author), WHO RNTCP Tech Assistance Project, State TB Cell, Anti TB Assoc Bldg,DMS Campus, Madras, Tamil Nadu, India. EM shivaramkrishanH@rntcp.org OI Moonan, Patrick/0000-0002-3550-2065 FU Union from Global Fund Round 9 India TB Project funds; WHO-India from the United States Agency for International Development funds; State Health Society of Tamilnadu (RNTCP) FX The study was conducted as a part of the 'TB Operations Research Training Project' aimed to build operational research capacity within the Government of India's Revised National Tuberculosis Control Programme (RNTCP). This training project was conceived and implemented jointly by the Central Tuberculosis Division (Directorate General of Health Services, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India), the National Tuberculosis Institute (Directorate General of Health Services, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India Bangalore, India), the World Health Organization (WHO, India Country Office), the International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease (The Union, South-East Asia Regional Office, New Delhi, India) and the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC; Division of Tuberculosis Elimination, Atlanta, USA). Funding support was provided in part by The Union from Global Fund Round 9 India TB Project funds and by WHO-India from the United States Agency for International Development funds, and the State Health Society of Tamilnadu (RNTCP) under research head. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 23 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 3 PU INT UNION AGAINST TUBERCULOSIS LUNG DISEASE (I U A T L D) PI PARIS PA 68 BOULEVARD SAINT-MICHEL,, 75006 PARIS, FRANCE SN 1027-3719 EI 1815-7920 J9 INT J TUBERC LUNG D JI Int. J. Tuberc. Lung Dis. PD AUG PY 2014 VL 18 IS 8 BP 919 EP 924 DI 10.5588/ijtld.14.0072 PG 6 WC Infectious Diseases; Respiratory System SC Infectious Diseases; Respiratory System GA AM1YY UT WOS:000339646400008 PM 25199005 ER PT J AU Parry, CM Parkin, N Diallo, K Mwebaza, S Batamwita, R DeVos, J Bbosa, N Lyagoba, F Magambo, B Jordan, MR Downing, R Zhang, G Kaleebu, P Yang, C Bertagnolio, S AF Parry, C. M. Parkin, N. Diallo, K. Mwebaza, S. Batamwita, R. DeVos, J. Bbosa, N. Lyagoba, F. Magambo, B. Jordan, M. R. Downing, R. Zhang, G. Kaleebu, P. Yang, C. Bertagnolio, S. TI Field Study of Dried Blood Spot Specimens for HIV-1 Drug Resistance Genotyping SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID VIRAL LOAD; ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; RNA QUANTIFICATION; STORAGE-CONDITIONS; PCR AMPLIFICATION; WHOLE-BLOOD; ASSAY; SURVEILLANCE; PLASMA; WORLD AB Dried blood spots (DBS) are an alternative specimen type for HIV drug resistance genotyping in resource-limited settings. Data relating to the impact of DBS storage and shipment conditions on genotyping efficiency under field conditions are limited. We compared the genotyping efficiencies and resistance profiles of DBS stored and shipped at different temperatures to those of plasma specimens collected in parallel from patients receiving antiretroviral therapy in Uganda. Plasma and four DBS cards from anti-coagulated venous blood and a fifth card from finger-prick blood were prepared from 103 HIV patients with a median viral load (VL) of 57,062 copies/ml (range, 1,081 to 2,964,191). DBS were stored at ambient temperature for 2 or 4 weeks or frozen at -80 degrees C and shipped from Uganda to the United States at ambient temperature or frozen on dry ice for genotyping using a broadly sensitive in-house method. Plasma (97.1%) and DBS (98.1%) stored and shipped frozen had similar genotyping efficiencies. DBS stored frozen (97.1%) or at ambient temperature for 2 weeks (93.2%) and shipped at ambient temperature also had similar genotyping efficiencies. Genotyping efficiency was reduced for DBS stored at ambient temperature for 4 weeks (89.3%, P = 0.03) or prepared from finger-prick blood and stored at ambient temperature for 2 weeks (77.7%, P < 0.001) compared to DBS prepared from venous blood and handled similarly. Resistance profiles were similar between plasma and DBS specimens. This report delineates the optimal DBS collection, storage, and shipping conditions and opens a new avenue for cost-saving ambient-temperature DBS specimen shipments for HIV drug resistance (HIVDR) surveillances in resource-limited settings. C1 [Parry, C. M.; Lyagoba, F.; Magambo, B.; Kaleebu, P.] Uganda Virus Res Inst, MRC UVRI Uganda Res Unit AIDS, Entebbe, Uganda. [Parry, C. M.] UCL, MRC UCL Ctr Med Mol Virol, London, England. [Parkin, N.] Data First Consulting, Belmont, CA 94002 USA. [Diallo, K.; DeVos, J.; Zhang, G.; Yang, C.] CDC, Div Global HIV AIDS, CGH, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Mwebaza, S.; Batamwita, R.] Mildmay Ctr, Kampala, Uganda. [Bbosa, N.; Downing, R.] CDC Uganda, Entebbe, Uganda. [Jordan, M. R.] Tufts Univ, Sch Med, Div Geog Med & Infect Dis, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Bertagnolio, S.] WHO, HIV Dept, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. RP Parkin, N (reprint author), Data First Consulting, Belmont, CA 94002 USA. EM nparkin34@gmail.com; CYang1@cdc.gov RI Yang, Chunfu/G-6890-2013 FU President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) through U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation; CFAR [P30AI42853]; UK Medical Research Council (MRC); UK Department for International Development (DFID) under the MRC/DFID Concordat agreement FX This project has been supported by the President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) through U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, and CFAR P30AI42853 and in part by the UK Medical Research Council (MRC) and the UK Department for International Development (DFID) under the MRC/DFID Concordat agreement. NR 41 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 EI 1098-660X J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD AUG PY 2014 VL 52 IS 8 BP 2868 EP 2875 DI 10.1128/JCM.00544-14 PG 8 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA AM0OF UT WOS:000339544200019 PM 24871219 ER PT J AU Eberhard, ML Hellstein, JW Lanzel, EA AF Eberhard, Mark L. Hellstein, John W. Lanzel, Emily A. TI Zoonotic Anatrichosomiasis in a Mother and Daughter SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID INFECTION; RESIDENT AB Zoonotic anatrichosomiasis in a mother and daughter is reported. Both presented with a 10-week history of multiple painful oral ulcers. Biopsy specimens revealed the presence of small, coiled trichuroid nematodes with distinctive morphological features, including stichocytes and paired bacillary bands. This represents an unusual infection by a zoonotic Anatrichosoma species. C1 [Eberhard, Mark L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Hellstein, John W.; Lanzel, Emily A.] Univ Iowa, Iowa City, IA USA. RP Eberhard, ML (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM meberhard@cdc.gov NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 EI 1098-660X J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD AUG PY 2014 VL 52 IS 8 BP 3127 EP 3129 DI 10.1128/JCM.01236-14 PG 3 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA AM0OF UT WOS:000339544200065 PM 24899034 ER PT J AU Fuller, T Havers, F Xu, CL Fang, LQ Cao, WC Shu, YL Widdowson, MA Smith, TB AF Fuller, Trevon Havers, Fiona Xu, Cuiling Fang, Li-Qun Cao, Wu-Chun Shu, Yuelong Widdowson, Marc-Alain Smith, Thomas B. TI Identifying areas with a high risk of human infection with the avian influenza A (H7N9) virus in East Asia SO JOURNAL OF INFECTION LA English DT Article DE Chickens; Influenza in birds; Influenza A virus-H7N9 subtype; International health problems; Surveillance ID A(H7N9) VIRUS; NETWORK ANALYSIS; CHINA; TRANSMISSION; SURVEILLANCE; SEASONALITY; HUMIDITY; PROVINCE; VIETNAM; REGIONS AB Objectives: The rapid emergence, spread, and disease severity of avian influenza A (H7N9) in China has prompted concerns about a possible pandemic and regional spread in the coming months. The objective of this study was to predict the risk of future human infections with H7N9 in China and neighboring countries by assessing the association between H7N9 cases at sentinel hospitals and putative agricultural, climatic, and demographic risk factors. Methods: This cross-sectional study used the locations of H7N9 cases and negative cases from China's influenza-like illness surveillance network. After identifying H7N9 risk factors with logistic regression, we used Geographic Information Systems (GIS) to construct predictive maps of H7N9 risk across Asia. Results: Live bird market density was associated with human H7N9 infections reported in China from March-May 2013. Based on these cases, our model accurately predicted the virus' spread into Guangxi autonomous region in February 2014. Outside China, we find there is a high risk that the virus will spread to northern Vietnam, due to the import of poultry from China. Conclusions: Our risk map can focus efforts to improve surveillance in poultry and humans, which may facilitate early identification and treatment of human cases. (C) 2014 The British Infection Association. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Fuller, Trevon; Smith, Thomas B.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Ctr Trop Res, Inst Environm & Sustainabil, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Havers, Fiona] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Xu, Cuiling; Shu, Yuelong] China Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Chinese Natl Influenza Ctr, Natl Inst Viral Dis Control & Prevent, Beijing 102206, Peoples R China. [Fang, Li-Qun; Cao, Wu-Chun] Beijing Inst Microbiol & Epidemiol, State Key Lab Pathogen & Biosecur, Beijing 100071, Peoples R China. [Widdowson, Marc-Alain] Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Smith, Thomas B.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. RP Fuller, T (reprint author), 619 Charles E Young Dr East, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. EM fullertl@ucla.edu OI Fuller, Trevon/0000-0001-9954-4267 FU Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention; Ministry of Health, China; Chinese Central Government; National Institutes of Health/National Science Foundation from the Fogarty International Center [3R01-TW005869] FX We thank two reviewers whose comments improved the manuscript and the 554 sentinel hospitals and 408 network laboratories participating in the Chinese National Influenza Surveillance Network for data collection and laboratory testing. Thanks are also due to the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention and the Ministry of Health, China, for coordinating and supporting the Chinese National Influenza Surveillance Network, and the China-US Collaborative Program on Emerging and Re-emerging Infectious Diseases for support of epidemiological experts. The Chinese National Influenza-like Illness Surveillance Network was supported by the Chinese Central Government. Fuller and Smith were supported by a National Institutes of Health/National Science Foundation award, "Ecology and Evolution of Infectious Diseases," from the Fogarty International Center 3R01-TW005869. NR 38 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 18 PU W B SAUNDERS CO LTD PI LONDON PA 32 JAMESTOWN RD, LONDON NW1 7BY, ENGLAND SN 0163-4453 EI 1532-2742 J9 J INFECTION JI J. Infect. PD AUG PY 2014 VL 69 IS 2 BP 174 EP 181 DI 10.1016/j.jinf.2014.03.006 PG 8 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA AM3KN UT WOS:000339751500009 PM 24642206 ER PT J AU Odom, EC Li, RW Scanlon, KS Perrine, CG Grummer-Strawn, L AF Odom, Erika C. Li, Ruowei Scanlon, Kelley S. Perrine, Cria G. Grummer-Strawn, Laurence TI Association of Family and Health Care Provider Opinion on Infant Feeding with Mother's Breastfeeding Decision SO JOURNAL OF THE ACADEMY OF NUTRITION AND DIETETICS LA English DT Article DE Breastfeeding; Initiation; Perception ID ADOLESCENT MOTHERS; LOW-INCOME; ATTITUDES; INITIATION; FATHERS; INTERVENTION; PHYSICIANS; DURATION; SUPPORT; TRIAL AB In the United States, about 25% of women choose not to initiate breastfeeding, yet little is known about how opinions of individuals in a woman's support network influence her decision to breastfeed. In the 2005-2007 Infant Feeding Practices Study II, women completed questionnaires from the last trimester of pregnancy until 12 months postpartum. Mothers indicated prenatally their family members' and health care providers' opinion on how newborns should be fed: breastfed only, formula fed only, breast and formula fed, or no opinion/don't know. Breastfeeding initiation was determined by asking mothers around 4 weeks postpartum (n=2,041) whether they ever breastfed. Logistic regression was used to examine the association between mothers' perception of family members' and health care providers' opinion on how to feed the infant and the initiation of breastfeeding, adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics. Nearly 14% of mothers surveyed did not initiate breastfeeding. Mothers who believed their family members or health care providers preferred breastfeeding only were least likely not to initiate breastfeeding. Never breastfeeding was significantly associated with the following perceptions: the infant's father (odds ratio [OR]=110.4; 95% CI 52.0 to 234.4) or maternal grandmother (OR=15.9; 95% Cl 7.0 to 36.0) preferred only formula feeding; the infant's father (OR=3.2; 95% CI 1.7 to 5.9) or doctor (OR=2.7; 95% CI 1.2 to 6.2) preferred both breast and formula feeding; and the infant's father (OR=7.6; 95% CI 4.5 to 12.7), maternal grandmother (OR=5.4; 95% CI 2.6 to 11.0), or doctor (OR=1.9; 95% Cl 1.0 to 3.7) had no opinion/didn't know their feeding preference. The prenatal opinions of family members and health care providers play an important role in a woman's breastfeeding decisions after the infant's birth. C1 [Odom, Erika C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Odom, Erika C.; Li, Ruowei; Scanlon, Kelley S.; Perrine, Cria G.; Grummer-Strawn, Laurence] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Odom, EC (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E-64, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM ecodom@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999]; NIDDK NIH HHS [T32 DK007734] NR 27 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 4 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 2212-2672 EI 2212-2680 J9 J ACAD NUTR DIET JI J. Acad. Nutr. Diet. PD AUG PY 2014 VL 114 IS 8 BP 1203 EP 1207 DI 10.1016/j.jand.2013.08.001 PG 5 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA AM6YS UT WOS:000340012500008 PM 24200653 ER PT J AU Radhakrishnan, J Remuzzi, G Saran, R Williams, DE Rios-Burrows, N Powe, N Bruck, K Wanner, C Stel, VS Venuthurupalli, SK Hoy, WE Healy, HG Salisbury, A Fassett, RG O'Donoghue, D Roderick, P Matsuo, S Hishida, A Imai, E Iimuro, S European CKD Burden Consortium CKD QLD Grp AF Radhakrishnan, Jai Remuzzi, Giuseppe Saran, Rajiv Williams, Desmond E. Rios-Burrows, Nilka Powe, Neil Bruck, Katharina Wanner, Christoph Stel, Vianda S. Venuthurupalli, Sree K. Hoy, Wendy E. Healy, Helen G. Salisbury, Anne Fassett, Robert G. O'Donoghue, Donal Roderick, Paul Matsuo, Seiichi Hishida, Akira Imai, Enyu Iimuro, Satoshi Consortium, European C. K. D. Burden Grp, C. K. D. Q. L. D. CA CDC-CKD Surveillance Team TI Taming the chronic kidney disease epidemic: a global view of surveillance efforts SO KIDNEY INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Review DE chronic kidney disease; epidemiology; surveillance ID PREVALENCE; BURDEN AB Chronic kidney disease is now recognized to be a worldwide problem associated with significant morbidity and mortality and there is a steep increase in the number of patients reaching end-stage renal disease. In many parts of the world, the disease affects younger people without diabetes or hypertension. The costs to family and society can be enormous. Early recognition of CKD may help prevent disease progression and the subsequent decline in health and longevity. Surveillance programs for early CKD detection are beginning to be implemented in a few countries. In this article, we will focus on the challenges and successes of these programs with the hope that their eventual and widespread use will reduce the complications, deaths, disabilities, and economic burdens associated with CKD worldwide. C1 [Radhakrishnan, Jai] Columbia Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Med, Div Nephrol, New York, NY 10032 USA. [Remuzzi, Giuseppe] Azienda Osped Papa Giovanni XXIII, IRCCS Ist Ric Farmacol Mario Negri, Bergamo, Italy. [Saran, Rajiv] Univ Michigan, Kidney Epidemiol & Cost Ctr, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Williams, Desmond E.; Rios-Burrows, Nilka] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Powe, Neil] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Med, San Francisco, CA USA. [Bruck, Katharina; Stel, Vianda S.] Univ Amsterdam, Acad Med Ctr, NL-1105 AZ Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Wanner, Christoph] Wurzburg Univ Hosp, Div Renal, Wurzburg, Germany. [Venuthurupalli, Sree K.] Toowoomba Hosp, Toowoomba, Qld, Australia. [Venuthurupalli, Sree K.; Hoy, Wendy E.; Salisbury, Anne] Univ Queensland, Ctr Chron Dis, Brisbane, Qld, Australia. [Healy, Helen G.; Fassett, Robert G.] Royal Brisbane & Womens Hosp, Brisbane, Qld, Australia. [Fassett, Robert G.] Univ Queensland, Sch Med, Brisbane, Qld, Australia. [Fassett, Robert G.] Univ Queensland, Sch Human Movement Studies, Brisbane, Qld, Australia. [O'Donoghue, Donal] Univ Manchester, Inst Populat Hlth, Manchester, Lancs, England. [Roderick, Paul] Univ Southampton, Publ Hlth & Med Stat Grp, Southampton, Hants, England. [Matsuo, Seiichi] Nagoya Univ, Grad Sch Med, Dept Nephrol, Nagoya, Aichi 4648601, Japan. [Hishida, Akira] Yaizu City Hosp, Dept Nephrol, Shizuoka, Japan. [Imai, Enyu] Nakayamadera Imai Clin, Takarazuka, Hyogo, Japan. [Iimuro, Satoshi] Tokyo Univ Hosp, Clin Res Support Ctr, Tokyo 113, Japan. RP Radhakrishnan, J (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Med, Div Nephrol, 622 W 168 St,PH4124, New York, NY 10032 USA. EM jr55@columbia.edu RI HEALY, Helen/G-2686-2010; Hoy, Wendy/A-7325-2010 OI HEALY, Helen/0000-0003-4342-5300; Hoy, Wendy/0000-0002-8405-1539 FU Amgen; Colonial Foundation of Australia; Queensland Health in-kind; Roche; NHMRC Australia (Australian Fellowship Wendy Hoy) FX The CKD.QLD registry is supported by Amgen, Roche, NHMRC Australia (Australian Fellowship Wendy Hoy), the Colonial Foundation of Australia (an untied grant to Wendy Hoy), and Queensland Health in-kind. NR 23 TC 14 Z9 18 U1 3 U2 11 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 0085-2538 EI 1523-1755 J9 KIDNEY INT JI Kidney Int. PD AUG PY 2014 VL 86 IS 2 BP 246 EP 250 DI 10.1038/ki.2014.190 PG 5 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA AM6PS UT WOS:000339987700009 PM 24897034 ER PT J AU Wyld, M Lee, CMY Chadban, SJ Zhuo, X White, S Shaw, J Morton, RL Coalagiuri, S AF Wyld, M. Lee, C. M. Y. Chadban, S. J. Zhuo, X. White, S. Shaw, J. Morton, R. L. Coalagiuri, S. TI COST OF CKD IN AUSTRALIA SO NEPHROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Wyld, M.; Chadban, S. J.; White, S.; Morton, R. L.] Univ Sydney, Sydney Med Sch, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. [Wyld, M.; Chadban, S. J.; White, S.] Royal Prince Alfred Hosp, Camperdown, NSW 2050, Australia. [Lee, C. M. Y.; Coalagiuri, S.] Univ Sydney, Boden Inst Obes Nutr Exercise & Eating Disorders, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. [Zhuo, X.] CDC, Div Diabet Translat, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Shaw, J.] Baker IDI Heart & Diabet Inst, Melbourne, Vic, Australia. [Morton, R. L.] Univ Oxford, Nuffield Dept Populat Hlth, Hlth Econ Res Ctr, Headington, England. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1320-5358 EI 1440-1797 J9 NEPHROLOGY JI Nephrology PD AUG PY 2014 VL 19 SU 4 SI SI MA 025 BP 23 EP 23 PG 1 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA AM2XU UT WOS:000339715700026 ER PT J AU Stein, CR Savitz, DA Elston, B Thorpe, PG Gilboa, SM AF Stein, Cheryl R. Savitz, David A. Elston, Beth Thorpe, Phoebe G. Gilboa, Suzanne M. TI Perfluorooctanoate exposure and major birth defects SO REPRODUCTIVE TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Congenital abnormalities; Epidemiology; Fluorocarbons; Perfluorooctanoic acid ID HUMAN BREAST-MILK; CORD BLOOD-SAMPLES; PERFLUORINATED COMPOUNDS; SULFONATE PFOS; PERFLUOROALKYL ACIDS; UNITED-STATES; SERUM-LEVELS; PREGNANCY; TOXICOLOGY; MOUSE AB Perfluorooctanoate (PFOA) is detectable in umbilical cord blood and amniotic fluid. Some toxicological findings suggest that perfluoroalkyl substances may be teratogenic. Using data from the C8 Health Project, a 2005-2006 survey in a Mid-Ohio Valley community exposed to PFOA through contaminated drinking water, we examined the association between estimated prenatal PFOA concentration and maternally reported birth defects (n = 325) among 10,262 live singleton or multiple births from 1990 to 2006. Logistic regression models accounted for siblings using generalized estimating equations. There was generally no association between estimated PFOA concentration and birth defects, with the possible exception of brain defects, where the odds ratio adjusted for year of conception was 2.6 (95% confidence interval 1.3-5.1) for an increase in estimated PFOA exposure from the 25th to 75th percentile. This estimate, however, was based on 13 cases and may represent a chance finding. Further investigation of this potential association may be warranted. (C) 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Stein, Cheryl R.] Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Prevent Med, New York, NY 10029 USA. [Savitz, David A.; Elston, Beth] Brown Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Providence, RI 02912 USA. [Thorpe, Phoebe G.; Gilboa, Suzanne M.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Stein, CR (reprint author), Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Prevent Med, One Gustave L Levy Pl,Box 1057, New York, NY 10029 USA. EM cheryl.stein@mssm.edu; david_savitz@brown.edu; beth_elston@brown.edu; pht1@cdc.gov; suz0@cdc.gov FU C8; E.I. du Pont de Nemours Company [01-C-608]; Wood County Circuit Court, West Virginia, USA; DuPont; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [K01 ES019156] FX This research was funded by the C8 class action settlement agreement [Jack W. Leach, et al. v. E.I. du Pont de Nemours & Company (no. 01-C-608 W.Va., Wood County Circuit Court, West Virginia, USA] between DuPont and plaintiffs. Funds were administered by the Garden City Group (Melville, New York) that reports to the court. Our work and conclusions are independent of either party to the lawsuit.; Cheryl Stein was supported by the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (K01 ES019156). NR 33 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 5 U2 30 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0890-6238 J9 REPROD TOXICOL JI Reprod. Toxicol. PD AUG PY 2014 VL 47 BP 15 EP 20 DI 10.1016/j.reprotox.2014.04.006 PG 6 WC Reproductive Biology; Toxicology SC Reproductive Biology; Toxicology GA AM2RE UT WOS:000339697700003 PM 24803403 ER PT J AU Johansson, MA Vasconcelos, PFC Staples, JE AF Johansson, Michael A. Vasconcelos, Pedro F. C. Staples, J. Erin TI The whole iceberg: estimating the incidence of yellow fever virus infection from the number of severe cases SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article DE Case fatality rate; Epidemiology; Flavivirus; Yellow fever ID EPIDEMIC; NIGERIA; BRAZIL; OUTBREAK; SPREAD; SENEGAL; AFRICA; STATE AB Like many infectious agents, yellow fever (YF) virus only causes disease in a proportion of individuals it infects and severe illness only represents the tip of the iceberg relative to the total number of infections, the more critical factor for virus transmission. We compiled data on asymptomatic infections, mild disease, severe disease (fever with jaundice or hemorrhagic symptoms) and fatalities from 11 studies in Africa and South America between 1969 and 2011. We used a Bayesian model to estimate the probability of each infection outcome. For YF virus infections, the probability of being asymptomatic was 0.55 (95% credible interval [CI] 0.37-0.74), mild disease 0.33 (95% CI 0.13-0.52) and severe disease 0.12 (95% CI 0.05-0.26). The probability of death for people experiencing severe disease was 0.47 (95% CI 0.31-0.62). In outbreak situations where only severe cases may initially be detected, we estimated that there may be between one and seventy infections that are either asymptomatic or cause mild disease for every severe case identified. As it is generally only the most severe cases that are recognized and reported, these estimates will help improve the understanding of the burden of disease and the estimation of the potential risk of spread during YF outbreaks. C1 [Johansson, Michael A.; Staples, J. Erin] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Vasconcelos, Pedro F. C.] Minist Hlth, Dept Arbovirol & Hemorrhag Fevers, Inst Evandro Chagas, Ananindeua, Para, Brazil. RP Johansson, MA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM mjohansson@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the Conselho Nacional para o Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico - CNPq [INCT-FHV 573739/2008-0, 301641/2010-2, 401588/2013-4] FX This work was supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the Conselho Nacional para o Desenvolvimento Cientifico e Tecnologico - CNPq [INCT-FHV 573739/2008-0, 301641/2010-2 and 401588/2013-4 to PFCV]. NR 24 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 18 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0035-9203 EI 1878-3503 J9 T ROY SOC TROP MED H JI Trans. Roy. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD AUG PY 2014 VL 108 IS 8 BP 482 EP 487 DI 10.1093/trstmh/tru092 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA AM6EA UT WOS:000339954100006 PM 24980556 ER PT J AU Wilkes, AL Jones, PL Morales-Reid, B Ramos, B Vega, MY Scholes, D Farrell, D Edwards, A Polk, L AF Wilkes, Aisha L. Jones, Patricia L. Morales-Reid, Bethsy Ramos, Bertha Vega, Miriam Y. Scholes, Delia Farrell, David Edwards, Arlene Polk, LaShaun TI LESSONS LEARNED WHILE PREPARING A TAILORED, SELF-HELP, TECHNOLOGY-DRIVEN INTERVENTION FOR NATIONAL DISSEMINATION SO AIDS EDUCATION AND PREVENTION LA English DT Article ID EFFECTIVE BEHAVIORAL INTERVENTIONS; HIV-PREVENTION INTERVENTIONS; HEALTH; IMPLEMENTATION; METAANALYSIS; PROGRAMS; MODEL AB Tailored health interventions have been found to be effective in various areas of health promotion because of their delivery of customized content, which focuses the prevention messages more closely on the individual's risk behavior. However, the use of tailored interventions in the prevention of STD/HIV has been limited, and there is a void in the literature on translating tailored interventions into practice. This paper discusses the process of translating a tailored, self-help, technology-driven STD/HIV prevention intervention from research-to-practice. Three agencies were selected during the translation process to test the intervention materials and provided valuable lessons learned for translating a tailored intervention into practice. A racially diverse group of more than 250 women in six states participated in the intervention during this pilot test. Lessons learned for research-to-practice efforts for tailored interventions are presented, including expanding the reach of such interventions by making them more compatible for mobile technology. C1 [Wilkes, Aisha L.; Edwards, Arlene; Polk, LaShaun] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Atlanta, GA USA. [Jones, Patricia L.] NIH, Bethesda, MD USA. [Jones, Patricia L.] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Morales-Reid, Bethsy; Ramos, Bertha; Vega, Miriam Y.] Latino Commiss AIDS, New York, NY USA. [Scholes, Delia] Grp Hlth Res Inst, Seattle, WA USA. [Farrell, David] People Designs Inc, Makati, Philippines. RP Wilkes, AL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop E-37, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM awilkes@cdc.gov NR 30 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 5 PU GUILFORD PUBLICATIONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 72 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10012 USA SN 0899-9546 EI 1943-2755 J9 AIDS EDUC PREV JI Aids Educ. Prev. PD AUG PY 2014 VL 26 IS 4 BP 281 EP 295 PG 15 WC Education & Educational Research; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Education & Educational Research; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AM0WJ UT WOS:000339568000001 PM 25068177 ER PT J AU Gastanaduy, PA Redd, SB Fiebelkorn, AP Rota, JS Rota, PA Bellini, WJ Seward, JF Wallace, GS AF Gastanaduy, Paul A. Redd, Susan B. Fiebelkorn, Amy Parker Rota, Jennifer S. Rota, Paul A. Bellini, William J. Seward, Jane F. Wallace, Gregory S. TI Measles-United States, January 1-May 23, 2014 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION LA English DT Editorial Material ID CHILDREN C1 [Gastanaduy, Paul A.; Redd, Susan B.; Fiebelkorn, Amy Parker; Rota, Jennifer S.; Rota, Paul A.; Bellini, William J.; Seward, Jane F.; Wallace, Gregory S.] CDC, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Div Viral Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Gastanaduy, PA (reprint author), CDC, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Div Viral Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM pgastanaduy@cdc.gov NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1600-6135 EI 1600-6143 J9 AM J TRANSPLANT JI Am. J. Transplant. PD AUG PY 2014 VL 14 IS 8 BP 1937 EP 1941 DI 10.1111/ajt.12902 PG 5 WC Surgery; Transplantation SC Surgery; Transplantation GA AL9AZ UT WOS:000339433100033 ER PT J AU Anderson, JL Mertens, CJ Grajewski, B Luo, LA Tseng, CY Cassinelli, RT AF Anderson, Jeri L. Mertens, Christopher J. Grajewski, Barbara Luo, Lian Tseng, Chih-Yu Cassinelli, Rick T., II TI Flight Attendant Radiation Dose from Solar Particle Events SO AVIATION SPACE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE absorbed dose; effective dose; conceptus; reproductive health ID MODEL DEVELOPMENT; EXPOSURE; VALIDATION; ALTITUDES; AIRCREW AB Introduction: Research has suggested that work as a flight attendant may be related to increased risk for reproductive health effects. Air cabin exposures that may influence reproductive health include radiation dose from galactic cosmic radiation and solar particle events. This paper describes the assessment of radiation dose accrued during solar particle events as part of a reproductive health study of flight attendants. Methods: Solar storm data were obtained from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Space Weather Prediction Center list of solar proton events affecting the Earth environment to ascertain storms relevant to the two study periods (1992-1996 and 1999-2001). Radiation dose from exposure to solar energetic particles was estimated using the NAIRAS model in conjunction with galactic cosmic radiation dose calculated using the CARI-6P computer program. Results: Seven solar particle events were determined to have potential for significant radiation exposure, two in the first study period and five in the second study period, and over-lapped with 24,807 flight segments. Absorbed (and effective) flight segment doses averaged 6.5 mu Gy (18 mu Sv) and 3.1 mu Gy (8.3 mu Sv) for the first and second study periods, respectively. Maximum doses were as high as 440 mu Gy (1.2 mSv) and 20 flight segments had doses greater than 190 mu Gy (0.5 mSv). Discussion: During solar particle events, a pregnant flight attendant could potentially exceed the equivalent dose limit to the conceptus of 0.5 mSv in a month recommended by the National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements. C1 [Anderson, Jeri L.] NIOSH, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Hampton, VA 23665 USA. RP Anderson, JL (reprint author), NIOSH, 4676 Columbia Pkwy,MS R-14, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM JLAnderson@cdc.gov NR 22 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 8 PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 USA SN 0095-6562 EI 1943-4448 J9 AVIAT SPACE ENVIR MD JI Aviat. Space Environ. Med. PD AUG PY 2014 VL 85 IS 8 BP 828 EP 832 DI 10.3357/ASEM.3989.2014 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Sport Sciences GA AL9IU UT WOS:000339455600007 PM 25199125 ER PT J AU Snead, MC Kourtis, AP Melendez, JH Black, CM Mauck, CK Penman-Aguilar, A Chaney, DM Gallo, MF Jamieson, DJ Macaluso, M Doncel, GF AF Snead, Margaret C. Kourtis, Athena P. Melendez, Johan H. Black, Carolyn M. Mauck, Christine K. Penman-Aguilar, Ana Chaney, Dorothy M. Gallo, Maria F. Jamieson, Denise J. Macaluso, Maurizio Doncel, Gustavo F. TI Does tenofovir gel or do other microbicide products affect detection of biomarkers of semen exposure in vitro? SO CONTRACEPTION LA English DT Article DE Biomarkers; Semen; Microbicides; Gels; Prostate-specific antigen; Y chromosome; Tenofovir; UC781; Hydroxyethylcellulose; HEC placebo ID PROSTATE-SPECIFIC ANTIGEN; LINKED-IMMUNOSORBENT-ASSAY; CHAIN-REACTION DETECTION; Y-CHROMOSOME SEQUENCES; REPORTED CONDOM USE; PSA MEMBRANE TEST; VAGINAL FLUID; POTENTIAL BIOMARKER; BIOLOGICAL MARKERS; CLINICAL-TRIALS AB Objectives: There is currently no information on whether products evaluated in HIV microbicide trials affect the detection of the semen biomarkers prostate-specific antigen (PSA) or Y chromosome DNA. Study Design: We tested (in vitro) dilutions of tenofovir (TFV), UC781 and the hydroxyethylcellulose (HEC) placebo gels using the Abacus ABAcard and the quantitative (Abbott Architect total PSA) assays for PSA and Y chromosome DNA by real-time polymerase chain reaction. Results: TFV gel and the HEC placebo adversely affected PSA detection using the ABAcard but not the Abbott Architect total PSA assay. UC781 adversely affected both the ABAcard and Abbott Architect total PSA assays. While there were some quantitative changes in the magnitude of the signal, none of the products affected positivity of the Y chromosome assay. Conclusions: The presence of TFV or HEC gels did not affect quantitative PSA or Y chromosome detection in vitro. Confirmation of these findings is recommended using specimens obtained following use of these gels in vivo. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Snead, Margaret C.; Kourtis, Athena P.; Penman-Aguilar, Ana; Gallo, Maria F.; Jamieson, Denise J.] Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Reprod Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. [Melendez, Johan H.; Chaney, Dorothy M.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Baltimore, MD USA. [Black, Carolyn M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Resources, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Mauck, Christine K.; Doncel, Gustavo F.] Eastern Virginia Med Sch, CONRAD, Arlington, VA USA. [Macaluso, Maurizio] Cincinnati Childrens Hosp Med Ctr, Div Biostat & Epidemiol, Cincinnati, OH 45229 USA. RP Snead, MC (reprint author), 4770 Buford Highway,Mailstop F-74, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM msnead@cdc.gov RI Macaluso, Maurizio/J-2076-2015 OI Macaluso, Maurizio/0000-0002-2977-9690 FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 32 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0010-7824 EI 1879-0518 J9 CONTRACEPTION JI Contraception PD AUG PY 2014 VL 90 IS 2 BP 136 EP 141 DI 10.1016/j.contraception.2014.03.009 PG 6 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA AL8DI UT WOS:000339367700006 PM 24746557 ER PT J AU Harris, AM Beekmann, SE Polgreen, PM Moore, MR AF Harris, Aaron M. Beekmann, Susan E. Polgreen, Philip M. Moore, Matthew R. TI Rapid urine antigen testing for Streptococcus pneumoniae in adults with community-acquired pneumonia: clinical use and barriers SO DIAGNOSTIC MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASE LA English DT Article DE Pneumococcus; Community acquired pneumonia; Urine antigen test; Rapid diagnostics ID INFECTIOUS-DISEASES-SOCIETY; GUIDELINES; MANAGEMENT; THERAPY AB Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus) is the most common bacterial etiology of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in adults, a leading cause of death. The majority of pneumococcal CAP is diagnosed by blood culture, which likely underestimates the burden of disease. The 2007 CAP guidelines recommend routine use of the rapid pneumococcal urinary antigen (UAg) test. To assess the how pneumococcal UAg testing is being used among hospitalized adult CAP patients and what barriers restrict its use, a Web-based survey was distributed in 2013 to 1287 infectious disease physician members of the Emerging Infectious disease Network of the Infectious Disease Society of America. Of 493 eligible responses, 65% use the pneumococcal UAg test. The primary barrier to UAg use was availability (46%). UAg users reported ordering fewer other diagnostic tests and tailoring antibiotic therapy. Increased access to UAg tests could improve pneumonia management and pneumococcal CAP surveillance. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Harris, Aaron M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Harris, Aaron M.; Moore, Matthew R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Resp Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Beekmann, Susan E.; Polgreen, Philip M.] Univ Iowa, Carver Coll Med, Iowa City, IA USA. RP Harris, AM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM ieo9@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [5U50CK000187] FX This work was supported by a cooperative agreement 5U50CK000187 from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Its contents are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. All authors report no conflicts of interest. The authors would like to thank members of IDSA's EIN for participating in this survey. NR 14 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0732-8893 EI 1879-0070 J9 DIAGN MICR INFEC DIS JI Diagn. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. PD AUG PY 2014 VL 79 IS 4 BP 454 EP 457 DI 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2014.05.008 PG 4 WC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA AL9LY UT WOS:000339464000011 PM 24938760 ER PT J AU Sercombe, JK Liu-Brennan, D McKay, KO Green, BJ Tovey, ER AF Sercombe, J. K. Liu-Brennan, D. McKay, K. O. Green, B. J. Tovey, E. R. TI Domestic exposure to fungal allergenic particles determined by halogen immunoassay using subject's serum versus particles carrying three non-fungal allergens determined by allergen-specific HIA SO INDOOR AIR LA English DT Article DE Aeroallergens; Bioaerosols; Allergen exposure; Airborne fungi; Fungal allergens ID ENVIRONMENTAL-FACTORS; ASTHMA MORBIDITY; SAMPLING METHODS; CYSTIC-FIBROSIS; CHILDREN; PREVALENCE; HOMES; ATOPY; DUST; ASSOCIATIONS AB Studies that estimate indoor aeroallergen exposure typically measure a pre-selected limited range of allergens. In this study, inhalable aeroallergen particles were quantified using the halogen immunoassay (HIA) to determine the contribution of fungal and non-fungal aeroallergens to total allergen exposure. Bioaerosols from 39 homes of fungal-allergic subjects were sampled using inhalable fraction samplers and immunostained by HIA using resident subject's immunoglobulin E (IgE) to detect allergen-laden particles. Fungal aerosols as well as particles carrying mite, cat, and cockroach allergens were identified and enumerated by HIA. Reservoir dust-mite (Der p 1), cat (Fel d 1), and cockroach (Bla g 1) allergen concentrations were quantified by ELISA. Fungal particles that bound subject's IgE in the HIA were 1.7 (bedroom)- and 1.4 (living room)-fold more concentrated than Der p 1, Fel d 1, and Bla g 1 allergen particles combined. Predominant fungal conidia that bound IgE were derived from common environmental genera including Cladosporium and other fungi that produce amerospores. Airborne mite, cat, and cockroach allergen particle counts were not associated with reservoir concentrations determined by ELISA. This study demonstrates that inhalable fungal aerosols are the predominant aeroallergen sources in Sydney homes and should be considered in future exposure assessments. C1 [Sercombe, J. K.; Liu-Brennan, D.; Tovey, E. R.] Univ Sydney, Woolcock Inst Med Res, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. [Sercombe, J. K.] Univ Sydney, Dept Infect Dis & Immunol, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. [McKay, K. O.] Childrens Hosp, Dept Resp Med, Westmead, NSW, Australia. [McKay, K. O.] Univ Sydney, Sch Paediat & Child Hlth, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. [Green, B. J.] NIOSH, Hlth Effects Lab Div, Allergy & Clin Immunol Branch, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Morgantown, WV USA. RP Sercombe, JK (reprint author), Univ Sydney, Woolcock Inst Med Res, Rm 630 Blackburn Bld D06, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. EM jason.sercombe@sydney.edu.au FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 31 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 11 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0905-6947 EI 1600-0668 J9 INDOOR AIR JI Indoor Air PD AUG PY 2014 VL 24 IS 4 BP 438 EP 445 DI 10.1111/ina.12087 PG 8 WC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Environmental; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AM1OV UT WOS:000339617900010 PM 24354925 ER PT J AU Tong, X George, MG Yang, QH Gillespie, C AF Tong, Xin George, Mary G. Yang, Quanhe Gillespie, Cathleen TI Predictors of in-hospital death and symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage in patients with acute ischemic stroke treated with thrombolytic therapy: Paul Coverdell Acute Stroke Registry 2008-2012 SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF STROKE LA English DT Article DE acute stroke; stroke outcomes; symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage; thrombolysis ID TISSUE-PLASMINOGEN ACTIVATOR; TRIALS ARCHIVE; STATES; TPA; DEFINITIONS; MORTALITY AB Background Limited studies exist on the outcome of thrombolytic therapy of acute ischemic stroke patients outside of clinical trials. Aim To assess the possible risk factors associated with in-hospital death and symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage among patients who received intravenous tissue plasminogen activator. Methods A total of 7193 patients with a clinical diagnosis of acute ischemic stroke and a documented National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score were treated with intravenous tissue plasminogen activator within 4 5 hours of time last known to be well. Generalized estimating equations modeling was used to assess the associations of in-hospital death and symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage with clinical characteristics. Results Among 7193 patients treated with intravenous tissue plasminogen activator, 516 (7.2%) died during hospitalization. Factors associated with in-hospital death were older age, male gender, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score, history of myocardial infarction or coronary artery disease, and history of nonvalvular atrial fibrillation. Increasing age, higher National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score, and history of dyslipidemia were associated with symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage. There was no difference in the rates of in-hospital death or symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage among patients treated with intravenous tissue plasminogen activator within three-hours of time last known to be well and those treated between three and 4 5 hours after this time. Conclusions In this study of acute ischemic stroke patients, older age, male gender, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale score, history of myocardial infarction or coronary artery disease, and history of atrial fibrillation were associated with increased in-hospital death among patients receiving intravenous tissue plasminogen activator. Among patients treated with intravenous tissue plasminogen activator, in-hospital mortality and symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage rates were similar between those treated within three-hours of time last known to be well and those treated between three and 4 5 hours after this time. C1 [Tong, Xin; George, Mary G.; Yang, Quanhe; Gillespie, Cathleen] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Heart Dis & Stroke Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Tong, X (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Heart Dis & Stroke Prevent, 4770 Buford Hwy,MS K47, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM xtong@cdc.gov OI Gillespie, Cathleen/0000-0003-1878-1055 FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 26 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 10 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1747-4930 EI 1747-4949 J9 INT J STROKE JI Int. J. Stroke PD AUG PY 2014 VL 9 IS 6 BP 728 EP 734 DI 10.1111/ijs.12155 PG 7 WC Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA AL9RC UT WOS:000339477400014 PM 24024962 ER PT J AU Anagandula, M Richardson, SJ Oberste, MS Sioofy-Khojine, AB Hyoty, H Morgan, NG Korsgren, O Frisk, G AF Anagandula, Mahesh Richardson, Sarah J. Oberste, M. Steven Sioofy-Khojine, Amir-Babak Hyoty, Heikki Morgan, Noel G. Korsgren, Olle Frisk, Gun TI Infection of Human Islets of Langerhans With Two Strains of Coxsackie B Virus Serotype 1: Assessment of Virus Replication, Degree of Cell Death and Induction of Genes Involved in the Innate Immunity Pathway SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY LA English DT Article DE enterovirus; type 1 diabetes; innate immunity; human pancreatic islets; RNA sensors ID HUMAN PANCREATIC-ISLETS; ANTIVIRAL 2',5'-OLIGOADENYLATE SYNTHETASE; HEPATITIS-C VIRUS; DIABETES-MELLITUS; ENTEROVIRUS INFECTION; ENZYME-ACTIVITY; BETA-CELLS; EXPRESSION; POLYMORPHISM; CYTOKINE AB Type 1 diabetes mellitus is believed to be triggered, in part, by one or more environmental factors and human enteroviruses (HEVs) are among the candidates. Therefore, this study has examined whether two strains of HEV may differentially affect the induction of genes involved in pathways leading to the synthesis of islet hormones, chemokines and cytokines in isolated, highly purified, human islets. Isolated, purified human pancreatic islets were infected with strains of Coxsackievirus B1. Viral replication and the degree of CPE/islet dissociation were monitored. The expression of insulin, glucagon, CXCL10, TLR3, IF1H1, CCL5, OAS-1, IFN beta, and DDX58 was analyzed. Both strains replicated in islets but only one of strain caused rapid islet dissociation/CPE. Expression of the insulin gene was reduced during infection of islets with either viral strain but the gene encoding glucagon was unaffected. All genes analyzed which are involved in viral sensing and the development of innate immunity were induced by Coxsackie B viruses, with the notable exception of TLR3. There was no qualitative difference in the expression pattern between each strain but the magnitude of the response varied between donors. The lack of virus induced expression of TLR3, together with the differential regulation of IF1H1, OAS1 and IFN beta, (each of which has polymorphic variants influence the predisposition to type 1 diabetes), that might result in defective clearance of virus from islet cells. The reduced expression of the insulin gene and the unaffected expression of the gene encoding glucagon by Coxsackie B1 infection is consistent with the preferential beta-cell tropism of the virus. (C) 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Anagandula, Mahesh; Korsgren, Olle; Frisk, Gun] Uppsala Univ, Dept Immunol Genet & Pathol, S-75185 Uppsala, Sweden. [Richardson, Sarah J.; Morgan, Noel G.] Univ Exeter, Inst Biomed & Clin Sci, Sch Med, Exeter, Devon, England. [Oberste, M. Steven] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Sioofy-Khojine, Amir-Babak; Hyoty, Heikki] Univ Tampere, Sch Med, FIN-33101 Tampere, Finland. [Hyoty, Heikki] Pirkanmaa Hosp Dist, Fimlab Ltd, Pirkanmaa, Finland. RP Anagandula, M (reprint author), Uppsala Univ, Dept Immunol Genet & Pathol, S-75185 Uppsala, Sweden. EM mahesh.anagandula@igp.uu.se OI Richardson, Sarah/0000-0002-1160-6062 FU European Union [261441, FP7/2007-2013]; Diabetes Research Wellness Foundation; Barn Diabetes Fonden; JDRF-nPOD-V; Swedish Diabetes Association FX Grant sponsor: European Union's Seventh Framework Programme PEVNET (Grant Agreement Number 261441); Grant number: FP7/2007-2013.; Grant sponsor: Diabetes Research Wellness Foundation Non-Clinical Research Fellowship (to S.J.R.); Grant sponsor: Barn Diabetes Fonden; Grant sponsor: JDRF-nPOD-V; Grant sponsor: The Swedish Diabetes Association NR 33 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 3 U2 15 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0146-6615 EI 1096-9071 J9 J MED VIROL JI J. Med. Virol. PD AUG PY 2014 VL 86 IS 8 BP 1402 EP 1411 DI 10.1002/jmv.23835 PG 10 WC Virology SC Virology GA AL9UB UT WOS:000339486200015 PM 24249667 ER PT J AU Hamalainen, S Nurminen, N Ahlfors, H Oikarinen, S Sioofy-Khojine, AB Frisk, G Oberste, MS Lahesmaa, R Pesu, M Hyoty, H AF Hamalainen, Sanna Nurminen, Noora Ahlfors, Helena Oikarinen, Sami Sioofy-Khojine, Amir-Babak Frisk, Gun Oberste, M. Steven Lahesmaa, Riitta Pesu, Marko Hyoty, Heikki TI Coxsackievirus B1 Reveals Strain Specific Differences in Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cell Mediated Immunogenicity SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY LA English DT Article DE coxsackievirus B1 (CBV1); innate immunity; interferon-alpha (IFN-alpha); pDC ID TYPE-1; INFECTION; INDUCTION; PICORNAVIRUS; ASSOCIATION; RESISTANCE; RESPONSES; DISEASE; INNATE; LOCUS AB Enterovirus infections are usually mild but can also cause severe illnesses and play a role in chronic diseases, such as cardiomyopathies and type 1 diabetes. Host response to the invading virus can markedly modulate the course of the infection, and this response varies between individuals due to the polymorphism of immune response genes. However, it is currently not known if virus strains also differ in their ability to stimulate the host immune system. Coxsackievirus B1 (CBV1) causes severe epidemics in young infants and it has recently been connected with type 1 diabetes in seroepidemiological studies. This study evaluated the ability of different field isolates of CBV1 to induce innate immune responses in PBMCs. CBV1 strains differed markedly in their capacity to induce innate immune responses. Out of the 18 tested CBV1 strains two induced exceptionally strong alpha interferon (IFN-alpha) response in PBMC cultures. The responding cell type was found to be the plasmacytoid dendritic cell. Such a strong innate immune response was accompanied by an up-regulation of several other immune response genes and secretion of cytokines, which modulate inflammation, and adaptive immune responses. These results suggest that enterovirus-induced immune activation depends on the virus strain. It is possible that the immunotype of the virus modulates the course of the infection and plays a role in the pathogenesis of chronic immune-mediated enterovirus diseases. (C) 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Hamalainen, Sanna; Pesu, Marko] Univ Tampere, BioMediTech, FI-33520 Tampere, Finland. [Nurminen, Noora; Oikarinen, Sami; Sioofy-Khojine, Amir-Babak; Hyoty, Heikki] Univ Tampere, Sch Med, Dept Virol, FI-33520 Tampere, Finland. [Ahlfors, Helena; Lahesmaa, Riitta] Univ Turku, Turku Ctr Biotechnol, Turku, Finland. [Ahlfors, Helena; Lahesmaa, Riitta] Abo Akad Univ, Turku, Finland. [Frisk, Gun] Uppsala Univ, Dept Immunol Genet & Pathol, Uppsala, Sweden. [Oberste, M. Steven] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Pesu, Marko; Hyoty, Heikki] Pirkanmaa Hosp Dist, Fimlab Labs, Tampere, Finland. RP Pesu, M (reprint author), Univ Tampere, BioMediTech, Biokatu 8, FI-33520 Tampere, Finland. EM marko.pesu@uta.fi; heikki.hyoty@uta.fi RI oikarinen, sami/E-3611-2015 FU Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation; Sohlberg Foundation; Tampere Tuberculosis Foundation; Tampere University Hospital [9M080 9N056]; Academy of Finland (the Centre of Excellence in Molecular Systems Immunology and Physiology Research) [250114, 129529, 133014, 128623, 135980, 255770, 132362]; PEVNET project (European Seventh Framework Programme) [GA-261441-PEVNET]; European Community; Emil Aaltonen Foundation; Sigrid Juselius Foundation FX Grant sponsor: Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation; Grant sponsor: Sohlberg Foundation; Grant sponsor: Tampere Tuberculosis Foundation (to H.H. and M.P.); Grant sponsor: Competitive Research Funding of the Tampere University Hospital 9M080 9N056 (to M.P.); Grant sponsor: Academy of Finland (the Centre of Excellence in Molecular Systems Immunology and Physiology Research, Decision No. 250114 (to R.L.) and grants 129529 (to R.L.), 133014 (to R.L.), 128623 (to M.P.), 135980 (to M.P.) 255770 (to H.H), 132362 (to H.H.); Grant sponsor: PEVNET project (European Seventh Framework Programme GA-261441-PEVNET); Grant sponsor: Marie Curie International Reintegration Grant within the 7th European Community Framework Programme (to M.P.); Grant sponsor: Emil Aaltonen Foundation (to M.P.); Grant sponsor: Sigrid Juselius Foundation (to M.P.) NR 29 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 3 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0146-6615 EI 1096-9071 J9 J MED VIROL JI J. Med. Virol. PD AUG PY 2014 VL 86 IS 8 BP 1412 EP 1420 DI 10.1002/jmv.23903 PG 9 WC Virology SC Virology GA AL9UB UT WOS:000339486200016 PM 24616040 ER PT J AU Jones, SE Caraballo, RS AF Jones, Sherry Everett Caraballo, Ralph S. TI Usual Source of Cigarettes and Alcohol Among US High School Students SO JOURNAL OF SCHOOL HEALTH LA English DT Article DE tobacco; cigarettes; alcohol; minors; Youth Risk Behavior Survey ID TOBACCO CONTROL POLICIES; YOUTH-ACCESS; UNITED-STATES; SMOKING; ADOLESCENTS; BEHAVIOR; AVAILABILITY; ENFORCEMENT; DRINKING; INTERNET AB BACKGROUND: Cigarette and alcohol use are common among youth. We examined sources of cigarettes and alcohol among youth who were current cigarette and alcohol users. METHODS: We analyzed nationally representative data from the 2009 and 2011 national Youth Risk Behavior Surveys-biennial, school-based surveys of high school students in the United States. Students completed anonymous, self-administered questionnaires. Overall response rates were 71% for both years. RESULTS: Among the 17.3% of current cigarette users <18 years, 27.3% usually gave someone else money to buy their cigarettes and 27.7% usually borrowed (bummed) them. Fewer (14.1%) usually bought their own cigarettes in a store. Among the 40.3% of current alcohol users, 24.3% usually gave someone else money to buy it and 41.2% usually had someone give it to them. A few (4.5%) usually bought their own alcohol in a store. Age and intensity of use were positively associated with students buying their own cigarettes or alcohol, but negatively associated with students borrowing or having someone else give it to them. CONCLUSIONS: Because social and commercial sources of cigarettes and alcohol are common, multiple strategies are needed to reduce the ability for youth to obtain them and reduce their desire for them. C1 [Jones, Sherry Everett] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adolescent & Sch Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Caraballo, Ralph S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Smoking & Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Jones, SE (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adolescent & Sch Hlth, 1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM sce2@cdc.gov; RCaraballo@cdc.gov NR 40 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 9 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0022-4391 EI 1746-1561 J9 J SCHOOL HEALTH JI J. Sch. Health PD AUG PY 2014 VL 84 IS 8 BP 493 EP 501 DI 10.1111/josh.12174 PG 9 WC Education & Educational Research; Education, Scientific Disciplines; Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Education & Educational Research; Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AM0TS UT WOS:000339560300003 ER PT J AU Widdowson, MA Iuliano, AD Dawood, FS AF Widdowson, Marc-Alain Iuliano, A. Danielle Dawood, Fatimah S. TI Challenges to global pandemic mortality estimation SO LANCET INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Editorial Material ID SEASONAL INFLUENZA; BURDEN C1 [Widdowson, Marc-Alain; Iuliano, A. Danielle; Dawood, Fatimah S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Widdowson, MA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM zux5@cdc.gov NR 8 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1473-3099 EI 1474-4457 J9 LANCET INFECT DIS JI Lancet Infect. Dis. PD AUG PY 2014 VL 14 IS 8 BP 670 EP 672 PG 3 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA AL9LD UT WOS:000339461700010 PM 25056013 ER PT J AU Ahmed, SM Hall, AJ Robinson, AE Verhoef, L Premkumar, P Parashar, UD Koopmans, M Lopman, BA AF Ahmed, Sharia M. Hall, Aron J. Robinson, Anne E. Verhoef, Linda Premkumar, Prasanna Parashar, Umesh D. Koopmans, Marion Lopman, Benjamin A. TI Global prevalence of norovirus in cases of gastroenteritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis SO LANCET INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Review ID VIRAL GASTROENTERITIS; UNITED-STATES; DISEASE; CHILDREN; BURDEN; PATHOGENS; COUNTRIES; EMERGENCE; MORTALITY; OUTBREAKS AB Background Despite substantial decreases in recent decades, acute gastroenteritis causes the second greatest burden of all infectious diseases worldwide. Noroviruses are a leading cause of sporadic cases and outbreaks of acute gastroenteritis across all age groups. We aimed to assess the role of norovirus as a cause of endemic acute gastroenteritis worldwide. Methods We searched Embase, Medline, and Global Health databases from Jan 1,2008, to March 8,2014, for studies that used PCR diagnostics to assess the prevalence of norovirus in individuals with acute gastroenteritis. We included studies that were done continuously for 1 year or more from a specified catchment area (geographical area or group of people), enrolled patients who presented with symptoms of acute gastroenteritis, and used PCR-based diagnostics for norovirus on all stool specimens from patients with acute gastroenteritis. The primary outcome was prevalence of norovirus among all cases of gastroenteritis. We generated pooled estimates of prevalence by fitting linear mixed-effect meta-regression models. Findings Of 175 articles induded, the pooled prevalence of norovirus in 187336 patients with acute gastroenteritis was 18% (95% CI 17-20). Norovirus prevalence tended to be higher in cases of acute gastroenteritis in community (24%, 18-30) and outpatient (20%, 16-24) settings compared with inpatient (17%, 15-19, p=0-066) settings. Prevalence was also higher in low-mortality developing (19%, 16-22) and developed countries (20%, 17-22) compared with high-mortality developing countries (14%, 11-16; p=0.058). Patient age and whether the study induded years of novel strain emergence were not associated with norovirus prevalence. Interpretation Norovirus is a key gastroenteritis pathogen associated with almost a fifth of all cases of acute gastroenteritis, and targeted intervention to reduce norovirus burden, such as vaccines, should be considered. C1 [Ahmed, Sharia M.; Hall, Aron J.; Premkumar, Prasanna; Parashar, Umesh D.; Lopman, Benjamin A.] Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Ctr Dis Control, Ctr Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Robinson, Anne E.; Lopman, Benjamin A.] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Verhoef, Linda; Koopmans, Marion] Natl Inst Publ Hlth & Environm RIVM, Bilthoven, Netherlands. [Koopmans, Marion] Erasmus Univ, Med Ctr Rotterdam, Rotterdam, Netherlands. RP Lopman, BA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control, Ctr Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM blopman@cdc.gov RI Verhoef, Linda/P-9066-2015 OI Verhoef, Linda/0000-0001-5988-8946 FU Foodborne Disease Burden Epidemiology Reference Group (FERG) of WHO; Government of the Netherlands on behalf of FERG FX The Foodborne Disease Burden Epidemiology Reference Group (FERG) of WHO and the Government of the Netherlands on behalf of FERG. NR 29 TC 163 Z9 175 U1 10 U2 48 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1473-3099 EI 1474-4457 J9 LANCET INFECT DIS JI Lancet Infect. Dis. PD AUG PY 2014 VL 14 IS 8 BP 725 EP 730 DI 10.1016/S1473-3099(14)70767-4 PG 6 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA AL9LD UT WOS:000339461700031 PM 24981041 ER PT J AU McCulloch, DJ Sears, MH Jacob, JT Lyon, GM Burd, EM Caliendo, AM Hill, CE Nix, WA Oberste, MS Kraft, CS AF McCulloch, Denise J. Sears, Marti H. Jacob, Jesse T. Lyon, G. Marshall Burd, Eileen M. Caliendo, Angela M. Hill, Charles E. Nix, W. Allan Oberste, M. Steven Kraft, Colleen S. TI Severity of Rhinovirus Infection in Hospitalized Adults Is Unrelated to Genotype SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Rhinovirus; Severity; Species; Genotype ID RESPIRATORY-TRACT INFECTIONS; ASTHMA EXACERBATIONS; VIRAL-INFECTION; HIGH MORTALITY; HRV-C; CHILDREN; INFLUENZA; OUTBREAK; EPIDEMIOLOGY; CORONAVIRUS AB Objectives: To determine whether rhinovirus (RV) species is associated with more severe clinical illness in adults. Methods: Seventy-two RV-positive viral respiratory samples from adult patients were sequenced and analyzed phylogenetically after reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction of the region spanning the VP4 gene and 5' terminus of the VP2 gene. The clinical features and severity of illness associated with the different RV species were compared. Results: Phylogenetic analysis identified three distinct clusters as RV-A (54%), B (11%), or C (35%) species. In an unadjusted model, patients with RV-B infection were significantly more likely to have the composite outcome variable of death or intensive care unit admission (P = .03), but this effect diminished when controlling for patient sex. A logistic model of the relationship between RV species and adverse outcomes produced nonsignificant odds ratios when controlling for patient sex. Conclusions: Infection with RV-A or RV-B was associated with greater severity of illness in our adult population; however, the association disappeared after controlling for confounders. C1 [McCulloch, Denise J.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Atlanta, GA USA. [Sears, Marti H.; Jacob, Jesse T.; Lyon, G. Marshall; Burd, Eileen M.; Kraft, Colleen S.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Burd, Eileen M.; Hill, Charles E.; Kraft, Colleen S.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Caliendo, Angela M.] Brown Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, Providence, RI 02912 USA. [Nix, W. Allan; Oberste, M. Steven] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Kraft, CS (reprint author), Emory Univ Hosp, F145C,1364 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. EM colleen.kraft@emory.edu RI Jacob, Jesse/A-8836-2009 FU IDSA Medical Scholars Award; National Institutes of Health [NIH/NCRR KL2 TR000455, UL1TR000454] FX This study was supported by IDSA Medical Scholars Award (D.J.M) and grants NIH/NCRR KL2 TR000455 and UL1TR000454 from the National Institutes of Health (C.S.K.). NR 35 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC CLINICAL PATHOLOGY PI CHICAGO PA 2100 W HARRISON ST, CHICAGO, IL 60612 USA SN 0002-9173 EI 1943-7722 J9 AM J CLIN PATHOL JI Am. J. Clin. Pathol. PD AUG PY 2014 VL 142 IS 2 BP 165 EP 172 DI 10.1309/AJCPHIKRJC67AAZJ PG 8 WC Pathology SC Pathology GA AL8UO UT WOS:000339415400006 PM 25015856 ER PT J AU Pham, CD Iqbal, N Bolden, CB Kuykendall, RJ Harrison, LH Farley, MM Schaffner, W Beldavs, ZG Chiller, TM Park, BJ Cleveland, AA Lockhart, SR AF Pham, Cau D. Iqbal, Naureen Bolden, Carol B. Kuykendall, Randall J. Harrison, Lee H. Farley, Monica M. Schaffner, William Beldavs, Zintars G. Chiller, Tom M. Park, Benjamin J. Cleveland, Angela A. Lockhart, Shawn R. TI Role of FKS Mutations in Candida glabrata: MIC Values, Echinocandin Resistance, and Multidrug Resistance SO ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY LA English DT Article ID POPULATION-BASED SURVEILLANCE; BLOOD-STREAM INFECTIONS; INVASIVE CANDIDIASIS; ANTIFUNGAL SUSCEPTIBILITY; CASPOFUNGIN RESISTANCE; AMPHOTERICIN-B; SPECIES IDENTIFICATION; PROLONGED THERAPY; RISK-FACTOR; MICAFUNGIN AB Candida glabrata is the second leading cause of candidemia in U.S. hospitals. Current guidelines suggest that an echinocandin be used as the primary therapy for the treatment of C. glabrata disease due to the high rate of resistance to fluconazole. Recent case reports indicate that C. glabrata resistance to echinocandins may be increasing. We performed susceptibility testing on 1,380 isolates of C. glabrata collected between 2008 and 2013 from four U. S. cities, Atlanta, Baltimore, Knoxville, and Portland. Our analysis showed that 3.1%, 3.3%, and 3.6% of the isolates were resistant to anidulafungin, caspofungin, and micafungin, respectively. We screened 1,032 of these isolates, including all 77 that had either a resistant or intermediate MIC value with respect to at least one echinocandin, for mutations in the hot spot regions of FKS1 and FKS2, the major mechanism of echinocandin resistance. Fifty-one isolates were identified with hot spot mutations, 16 in FKS1 and 35 in FKS2. All of the isolates with an FKS mutation except one were resistant to at least one echinocandin by susceptibility testing. Of the isolates resistant to at least one echinocandin, 36% were also resistant to fluconazole. Echinocandin resistance among U.S. C. glabrata isolates is a concern, especially in light of the fact that one-third of those isolates may be multidrug resistant. Further monitoring of U.S. C. glabrata isolates for echinocandin resistance is warranted. C1 [Pham, Cau D.; Iqbal, Naureen; Bolden, Carol B.; Kuykendall, Randall J.; Chiller, Tom M.; Park, Benjamin J.; Cleveland, Angela A.; Lockhart, Shawn R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mycot Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Harrison, Lee H.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Int Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. [Farley, Monica M.] Atlanta Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Georgia Emerging Infect Program, Atlanta, GA USA. [Farley, Monica M.] Emory Univ, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Schaffner, William] Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Nashville, TN 37212 USA. [Beldavs, Zintars G.] Oregon Publ Hlth Author, Portland, OR USA. RP Lockhart, SR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mycot Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM gyi2@cdc.gov FU Astellas Pharma FX We also thank Astellas Pharma, who provided funding to the CDC Foundation to support this work. NR 42 TC 32 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0066-4804 EI 1098-6596 J9 ANTIMICROB AGENTS CH JI Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. PD AUG PY 2014 VL 58 IS 8 BP 4690 EP 4696 DI 10.1128/AAC.03255-14 PG 7 WC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA AL6RA UT WOS:000339259200052 PM 24890592 ER PT J AU Egelund, EF Weiner, M Singh, RP Prihoda, TJ Gelfond, JAL Derendorf, H Mac Kenzie, WR Peloquin, CA AF Egelund, Eric F. Weiner, Marc Singh, Rajendra P. Prihoda, Thomas J. Gelfond, Jonathon A. L. Derendorf, Hartmut Mac Kenzie, William R. Peloquin, Charles A. TI Protein Binding of Rifapentine and Its 25-Desacetyl Metabolite in Patients with Pulmonary Tuberculosis SO ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY LA English DT Article ID SERUM-ALBUMIN; MYCOBACTERIUM-TUBERCULOSIS; RIFAMPICIN; PLASMA; HIV AB Rifapentine is highly protein bound in blood, but the free, unbound drug is the microbiologically active fraction. In this exploratory study, we characterized the free plasma fraction of rifapentine in 41 patients with tuberculosis. We found a lower total rifapentine concentration but significantly higher free rifapentine levels in African patients of black race compared to non-Africans. These data support larger pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic studies to confirm these findings and assess free rifapentine in relation to microbiological and clinical outcomes. C1 [Egelund, Eric F.; Derendorf, Hartmut; Peloquin, Charles A.] Univ Florida, Coll Pharm, Gainesville, FL USA. [Weiner, Marc] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, Dept Med, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. [Weiner, Marc] South Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, San Antonio, TX USA. [Singh, Rajendra P.] GlaxoSmithKline, Clin Pharmacol Modeling & Simulat, King Of Prussia, PA USA. [Prihoda, Thomas J.] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, Dept Pathol, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. [Gelfond, Jonathon A. L.] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, Dept Epidemiol, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. [Gelfond, Jonathon A. L.] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, Dept Biostat, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. [Mac Kenzie, William R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Weiner, M (reprint author), Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, Dept Med, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. EM weiner@uthscsa.edu FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention through the Tuberculosis Trials Consortium; Veterans Affairs Administration FX This work was supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention through the Tuberculosis Trials Consortium and the Veterans Affairs Administration. NR 16 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0066-4804 EI 1098-6596 J9 ANTIMICROB AGENTS CH JI Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. PD AUG PY 2014 VL 58 IS 8 BP 4904 EP 4910 DI 10.1128/AAC.01730-13 PG 7 WC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA AL6RA UT WOS:000339259200078 PM 24841270 ER PT J AU Kwan, PSL Xavier, C Santovenia, M Pruckler, J Stroika, S Joyce, K Gardner, T Fields, PI McLaughlin, J Tauxe, RV Fitzgerald, C AF Kwan, Patrick S. L. Xavier, Catherine Santovenia, Monica Pruckler, Janet Stroika, Steven Joyce, Kevin Gardner, Tracie Fields, Patricia I. McLaughlin, Joe Tauxe, Robert V. Fitzgerald, Collette TI Multilocus Sequence Typing Confirms Wild Birds as the Source of a Campylobacter Outbreak Associated with the Consumption of Raw Peas SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID FIELD GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS; GUILLAIN-BARRE-SYNDROME; SHORT VARIABLE REGION; MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY; SALAD VEGETABLES; CLONAL COMPLEXES; JEJUNI STRAINS; UNITED-STATES; INFECTION; HUMANS AB From August to September 2008, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) assisted the Alaska Division of Public Health with an outbreak investigation of campylobacteriosis occurring among the residents of Southcentral Alaska. During the investigation, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) of Campylobacter jejuni isolates from human, raw pea, and wild bird fecal samples confirmed the epidemiologic link between illness and the consumption of raw peas contaminated by sandhill cranes for 15 of 43 epidemiologically linked human isolates. However, an association between the remaining epidemiologically linked human infections and the pea and wild bird isolates was not established. To better understand the molecular epidemiology of the outbreak, C. jejuni isolates (n = 130; 59 from humans, 40 from peas, and 31 from wild birds) were further characterized by multilocus sequence typing (MLST). Here we present the molecular evidence to demonstrate the association of many more human C. jejuni infections associated with the outbreak with raw peas and wild bird feces. Among all sequence types (STs) identified, 26 of 39 (67%) were novel and exclusive to the outbreak. Five clusters of overlapping STs (n = 32 isolates; 17 from humans, 2 from peas, and 13 from wild birds) were identified. In particular, cluster E (n = 7 isolates; ST-5049) consisted of isolates from humans, peas, and wild birds. Novel STs clustered closely with isolates typically associated with wild birds and the environment but distinct from lineages commonly seen in human infections. Novel STs and alleles recovered from human outbreak isolates allowed additional infections caused by these rare genotypes to be attributed to the contaminated raw peas. C1 [Kwan, Patrick S. L.; Santovenia, Monica; Pruckler, Janet; Stroika, Steven; Joyce, Kevin; Fields, Patricia I.; Fitzgerald, Collette] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Enter Dis Lab Branch, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Tauxe, Robert V.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Gardner, Tracie] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, State Alaska Sect Epidemiol, Atlanta, GA USA. [Xavier, Catherine; McLaughlin, Joe] Alaska Dept Hlth & Social Serv, Alaska State Publ Hlth Labs, Div Publ Hlth, Anchorage, AK USA. RP Kwan, PSL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Enter Dis Lab Branch, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM pkwan@cdc.gov FU Wellcome Trust FX This publication made use of the Campylobacter jejuni Multi Locus Sequence Typing website (http://pubmlst.org/campylobacter/), developed by Keith Jolley and Man-Suen Chan and sited at the University of Oxford (20). The development of this site was funded by the Wellcome Trust. NR 42 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 EI 1098-5336 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD AUG PY 2014 VL 80 IS 15 BP 4540 EP 4546 DI 10.1128/AEM.00537-14 PG 7 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA AK8VX UT WOS:000338707800008 PM 24837383 ER PT J AU Nichols, M Thompson, D Carothers, JT Klauber, J Stoddard, RA Guerra, MA Benoit, TJ Traxler, RM AF Nichols, Megin Thompson, Deborah Carothers, Joshua T. Klauber, Judy Stoddard, Robyn A. Guerra, Marta A. Benoit, Tina J. Traxler, Rita M. TI Brucella abortus Exposure during an Orthopedic Surgical Procedure in New Mexico, 2010 SO INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID OF-THE-LITERATURE; INFECTION C1 [Nichols, Megin; Thompson, Deborah] New Mexico Dept Hlth, Epidemiol & Response Div, Santa Fe, NM 87505 USA. [Carothers, Joshua T.] New Mexico Orthoped, Albuquerque, NM USA. [Klauber, Judy] New Mexico Dept Hlth, Div Sci Lab, Albuquerque, NM USA. [Stoddard, Robyn A.; Guerra, Marta A.; Benoit, Tina J.; Traxler, Rita M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Nichols, M (reprint author), New Mexico Dept Hlth, 1190 St Francis Dr,Suite N-1350, Santa Fe, NM 87505 USA. EM megin.nichols@state.nm.us FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 10 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0899-823X EI 1559-6834 J9 INFECT CONT HOSP EP JI Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol. PD AUG PY 2014 VL 35 IS 8 BP 1072 EP 1073 DI 10.1086/677155 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA AL3RQ UT WOS:000339046900024 PM 25026630 ER PT J AU Selik, RM Gebo, KA Borkowf, CB Whitmore, SK Espinoza, L AF Selik, Richard M. Gebo, Kelly A. Borkowf, Craig B. Whitmore, Suzanne K. Espinoza, Lorena TI CD4 T-Lymphocyte Percentages Corresponding to CD4 T-Lymphocyte Count Thresholds in a New Staging System for HIV Infection SO JAIDS-JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES LA English DT Letter C1 [Selik, Richard M.; Borkowf, Craig B.; Whitmore, Suzanne K.; Espinoza, Lorena] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Gebo, Kelly A.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. RP Selik, RM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1525-4135 EI 1077-9450 J9 JAIDS-J ACQ IMM DEF JI JAIDS PD AUG 1 PY 2014 VL 66 IS 4 BP E92 EP E94 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA AL3FQ UT WOS:000339012300005 PM 24751433 ER PT J AU Mathias, PI B'Hymer, C AF Mathias, Patricia I. B'Hymer, Clayton TI A survey of liquid chromatographic-mass spectrometric analysis of mercapturic acid biomarkers in occupational and environmental exposure monitoring SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY B-ANALYTICAL TECHNOLOGIES IN THE BIOMEDICAL AND LIFE SCIENCES LA English DT Review DE Liquid chromatography; Mass spectrometry; Occupational exposure; Industrial chemicals; Urinary biomarker; Mercapturic acid ID S-PHENYLMERCAPTURIC ACID; HILIC-ESI-MS/MS; HUMAN URINE; ELECTROPHILIC CHEMICALS; ACCURATE QUANTIFICATION; ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; PERFORMANCE; ACRYLAMIDE; COLUMN; 1-BROMOPROPANE AB High-performance liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (HPLC/MS) is sensitive and specific for targeted quantitative analysis and is readily utilized for small molecules from biological matrices. This brief review describes recent selected HPLC/MS methods for the determination of urinary mercapturic acids (mercapturates) which are useful as biomarkers in characterizing human exposure to electrophilic industrial chemicals in occupational and environmental studies. Electrophilic compounds owing to their reactivity are used in chemical and industrial processes. They are present in industrial emissions, are combustion products of fossil fuels, and are components in tobacco smoke. Their presence in both the industrial and general environments are of concern for human and environmental health. Urinary mercapturates which are the products of metabolic detoxification of reactive chemicals provide a non-invasive tool to investigate human exposure to electrophilic toxicants. Selected recent mercapturate quantification methods are summarized and specific cases are presented. The biological formation of mercapturates is introduced and their use as biomarkers of metabolic processing of electrophilic compounds is discussed. Also, the use of liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry in simultaneous determinations of the mercapturates of multiple parent compounds in a single determination is considered, as well as future trends and limitations in this area of research. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Mathias, Patricia I.; B'Hymer, Clayton] NIOSH, US Dept HHS, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent,Robert A Taft Labs, Div Appl Sci & Technol,Biomonitoring & Hlth Asses, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. RP Mathias, PI (reprint author), NIOSH, US Dept HHS, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent,Robert A Taft Labs, Div Appl Sci & Technol,Biomonitoring & Hlth Asses, 4676 Columbia Pkwy, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM pmathias@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 60 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 4 U2 28 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1570-0232 EI 1873-376X J9 J CHROMATOGR B JI J. Chromatogr. B PD AUG 1 PY 2014 VL 964 SI SI BP 136 EP 145 DI 10.1016/j.jchromb.2014.02.057 PG 10 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA AL2SZ UT WOS:000338977000013 PM 24746702 ER PT J AU Langlois, PH Hoyt, AT Desrosiers, TA Lupo, PJ Lawson, CC Waters, MA Rocheleau, CM Shaw, GM Romitti, PA Gilboa, SM Malik, S AF Langlois, Peter H. Hoyt, Adrienne T. Desrosiers, Tania A. Lupo, Philip J. Lawson, Christina C. Waters, Martha A. Rocheleau, Carissa M. Shaw, Gary M. Romitti, Paul A. Gilboa, Suzanne M. Malik, Sadia CA Natl Birth Defects Prevention TI Maternal occupational exposure to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and small for gestational age offspring SO OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID UMBILICAL-CORD BLOOD; FETAL-GROWTH; BIRTH-WEIGHT; DNA-ADDUCTS; UNITED-STATES; ENVIRONMENTAL-POLLUTANTS; INTRAUTERINE GROWTH; PRENATAL EXPOSURE; INFANTS BORN; POPULATION AB Objectives While some of the highest maternal exposures to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) occur in the workplace, there is only one previous study of occupational PAH exposure and adverse pregnancy outcomes. We sought to extend this literature using interview data combined with detailed exposure assessment. Methods Data for 1997-2002 were analysed from mothers of infants without major birth defects in the National Birth Defects Prevention Study, a large population-based case-control study in the USA. Maternal telephone interviews yielded information on jobs held in the month before conception through delivery. From 6252 eligible control mothers, 2803 completed the interview, had a job, met other selection criteria, and were included in the analysis. Two industrial hygienists independently assessed occupational exposure to PAHs from the interview and reviewed results with a third to reach consensus. Small for gestational age (SGA) was the only adverse pregnancy outcome with enough exposed cases to yield meaningful results. Logistic regression estimated crude and adjusted ORs. Results Of the 2803 mothers, 221 (7.9%) had infants who were SGA. Occupational PAH exposure was found for 17 (7.7%) of the mothers with SGA offspring and 102 (4.0%) of the remaining mothers. Almost half the jobs with exposure were related to food preparation and serving. After adjustment for maternal age, there was a significant association of occupational exposure with SGA (OR=2.2, 95% CI 1.3 to 3.8). Conclusions Maternal occupational exposure to PAHs was found to be associated with increased risk of SGA offspring. C1 [Langlois, Peter H.; Hoyt, Adrienne T.] Texas Dept State Hlth Serv, Texas Ctr Birth Defects Res & Prevent, Birth Defects Epidemiol & Surveillance Branch, Austin, TX 78714 USA. [Desrosiers, Tania A.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Epidemiol, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Lupo, Philip J.] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Lawson, Christina C.; Waters, Martha A.; Rocheleau, Carissa M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Inst Occupat Safety & Hlth, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Shaw, Gary M.] Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. [Romitti, Paul A.] Univ Iowa, Coll Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Iowa City, IA USA. [Gilboa, Suzanne M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA USA. [Malik, Sadia] Univ Arkansas Med Sci, Dept Pediat, Little Rock, AR 72205 USA. RP Langlois, PH (reprint author), Texas Dept State Hlth Serv, Texas Ctr Birth Defects Res & Prevent, POB 149347,MC 1964, Austin, TX 78714 USA. EM peter.langlois@dshs.state.tx.us OI Lupo, Philip/0000-0003-0978-5863 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [U01DD000494]; Texas DSHS [U01DD000494]; National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health [200-2000-08018]; Title V Maternal and Child Health Block Grants Funds, Office of Title V and Family Health, Texas DSHS FX This publication was supported in part through a cooperative agreement (U01DD000494) between the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the Texas DSHS, and by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (contract 200-2000-08018). Funding also came from Title V Maternal and Child Health Block Grants Funds from the Office of Title V and Family Health, Texas DSHS. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the CDC, the Texas DSHS, nor the California Department of Public Health. NR 40 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 5 PU BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 1351-0711 EI 1470-7926 J9 OCCUP ENVIRON MED JI Occup. Environ. Med. PD AUG PY 2014 VL 71 IS 8 BP 529 EP 535 DI 10.1136/oemed-2013-101833 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AL6RI UT WOS:000339260000003 PM 24893704 ER PT J AU Cummings, KJ Boylstein, RJ Stanton, ML Piacitelli, CA Edwards, NT LeBouf, RF Kreiss, K AF Cummings, Kristin J. Boylstein, Randy J. Stanton, Marcia L. Piacitelli, Chris A. Edwards, Nicole T. LeBouf, Ryan F. Kreiss, Kathleen TI Respiratory symptoms and lung function abnormalities related to work at a flavouring manufacturing facility SO OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID BRONCHIOLITIS OBLITERANS SYNDROME; MICROWAVE-POPCORN PLANT; SPRAGUE-DAWLEY RATS; CONSTRICTIVE BRONCHIOLITIS; DISEASE RISK; DIACETYL; STANDARDIZATION; CALIFORNIA; INDUSTRY; ASTHMA AB Objectives To better understand respiratory symptoms and lung function in flavouring manufacturing workers. Methods We offered a questionnaire and lung function testing to the current workforce of a flavouring manufacturing facility that had transitioned away from diacetyl and towards substitutes in recent years. We examined symptoms, spirometric parameters and diffusing capacity measurements by exposure variables, including facility tenure and time spent daily in production areas. We used linear and logistic regression to develop final models adjusted for age and smoking status. Results A total of 367 (93%) current workers participated. Shortness of breath was twice as common in those with tenure >= 7 years (OR 2.0, 95% CI 1.1 to 3.6). Other chest symptoms were associated with time spent daily in production. Participants who spent >= 1 h daily in production areas had twice the odds of any spirometric abnormality (OR 2.3; 95% CI 1.1 to 5.3) and three times the odds of low diffusing capacity (OR 2.8; 95% CI 0.9 to 9.4) than other participants. Mean spirometric parameters were significantly lower in those with tenure >= 7 years and those who spent >= 1 h daily in production. Mean diffusing capacity parameters were significantly lower in those with tenure >= 7 years. Differences in symptoms and lung function could not be explained by age, smoking status or employment at another flavouring plant. Conclusions Symptoms and lung function findings were consistent with undiagnosed or subclinical obliterative bronchiolitis and associated with workplace exposures. Further efforts to lower exposures to flavouring chemicals, including diacetyl substitutes, are warranted. C1 [Cummings, Kristin J.; Boylstein, Randy J.; Stanton, Marcia L.; Piacitelli, Chris A.; Edwards, Nicole T.; LeBouf, Ryan F.; Kreiss, Kathleen] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Resp Dis Studies, Natl Inst Occupat Safety & Hlth, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. RP Cummings, KJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Inst Occupat Safety & Hlth, 1095 Willowdale Rd,MS 2800, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM kcummings@cdc.gov FU National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health FX Supported by intramural funding from the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. NR 32 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 12 PU BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 1351-0711 EI 1470-7926 J9 OCCUP ENVIRON MED JI Occup. Environ. Med. PD AUG PY 2014 VL 71 IS 8 BP 549 EP 554 DI 10.1136/oemed-2013-101927 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AL6RI UT WOS:000339260000006 PM 24891557 ER PT J AU Fanfair, RN Wallingford, M Long, LL Chi, KH Pillay, A Chen, CY Workowski, KA AF Fanfair, Robyn Neblett Wallingford, Mark Long, Lana L. Chi, Kai-Hua Pillay, Allan Chen, Cheng-Yen Workowski, Kimberly A. TI Acquired Macrolide-Resistant Treponema pallidum After a Human Bite SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES LA English DT Article ID RIBOSOMAL-RNA GENE; SECONDARY SYPHILIS; POINT MUTATION; A2058G; NIPPLE AB Syphilis is a systemic disease caused by the spirochete Treponema pallidum that is usually acquired through sexual exposure. C1 [Fanfair, Robyn Neblett; Chi, Kai-Hua; Pillay, Allan; Chen, Cheng-Yen; Workowski, Kimberly A.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA USA. [Wallingford, Mark] Maysville Internal Med & Pediat Associates, Maysville, KY USA. [Long, Lana L.] City Dermatol & Laser, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Workowski, Kimberly A.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Fanfair, RN (reprint author), 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E02, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM iyo5@CDC.gov NR 12 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 6 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0148-5717 EI 1537-4521 J9 SEX TRANSM DIS JI Sex. Transm. Dis. PD AUG PY 2014 VL 41 IS 8 BP 493 EP 495 DI 10.1097/OLQ.0000000000000156 PG 3 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA AL6LI UT WOS:000339243700006 PM 25013977 ER PT J AU Naleway, AL Weinmann, S Crane, B Gee, J Markowitz, LE Dunne, EF AF Naleway, Allison L. Weinmann, Sheila Crane, Brad Gee, Julianne Markowitz, Lauri E. Dunne, Eileen F. TI Evaluation of a Surveillance Case Definition for Anogenital Warts, Kaiser Permanente Northwest SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-PAPILLOMAVIRUS VACCINATION; PRIVATE HEALTH PLANS; GENITAL WARTS; UNITED-STATES; HPV INFECTION; PREVALENCE; IMPACT; NEOPLASIA; EFFICACY; DISEASE AB Background: Most studies of anogenital wart (AGW) epidemiology have used large clinical or administrative databases and unconfirmed case definitions based on combinations of diagnosis and procedure codes. Methods: We developed and validated an AGW case definition using a combination of diagnosis codes and other information available in the electronic medical record (provider type, laboratory testing). We calculated the positive predictive value (PPV) of this case definition compared with manual medical record review in a random sample of 250 cases. Using this case definition, we calculated the annual age-and sex-stratified prevalence of AGW among individuals 11 through 30 years of age from 2000 through 2005. Results: We identified 2730 individuals who met the case definition. The PPV of the case definition was 82%, and the average annual prevalence was 4.16 per 1000. Prevalence of AGW was higher in females compared with males in every age group, with the exception of the 27- to 30-year-olds. Among females, prevalence peaked in the 19- to 22-year-olds, and among males, the peak was observed in 23- to 26-year-olds. Conclusions: The case definition developed in this study is the first to be validated with medical record review and has a good PPV for the detection of AGW. The prevalence rates observed in this study were higher than other published rates, but the age-and sex-specific patterns observed were consistent with previous reports. C1 [Naleway, Allison L.; Crane, Brad] Kaiser Permanente Northwest, Ctr Hlth Res, Portland, OR 97227 USA. [Weinmann, Sheila; Gee, Julianne] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunizat Safety Off, Atlanta, GA USA. [Markowitz, Lauri E.; Dunne, Eileen F.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Naleway, AL (reprint author), Kaiser Permanente Northwest, Ctr Hlth Res, 3800 N Interstate Ave, Portland, OR 97227 USA. EM allison.naleway@kpchr.org OI Naleway, Allison/0000-0001-5747-4643 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention through America's Health Insurance Plans [200-2002-00732]; GlaxoSmithKline FX Financial support for this study was provided in full by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (200-2002-00732) through America's Health Insurance Plans. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Allison Naleway and Sheila Weinmann have received research funding from GlaxoSmithKline. For the remaining authors, no conflicts of interest were declared. NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0148-5717 EI 1537-4521 J9 SEX TRANSM DIS JI Sex. Transm. Dis. PD AUG PY 2014 VL 41 IS 8 BP 496 EP 500 DI 10.1097/OLQ.0000000000000154 PG 5 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA AL6LI UT WOS:000339243700007 PM 25013978 ER PT J AU Oster, AM Paz-Bailey, G AF Oster, Alexandra M. Paz-Bailey, Gabriela TI In Response to Surveillance of HIV in the United States and England, Wales, and Northern Ireland: What Have We Learned and What Do We Do About It? SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES LA English DT Letter ID INFECTION; HETEROSEXUALS; PREVALENCE; CITIES; MEN; SEX C1 [Oster, Alexandra M.; Paz-Bailey, Gabriela] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Oster, AM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM aoster@cdc.gov NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0148-5717 EI 1537-4521 J9 SEX TRANSM DIS JI Sex. Transm. Dis. PD AUG PY 2014 VL 41 IS 8 BP 518 EP 518 PG 1 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA AL6LI UT WOS:000339243700012 PM 25013983 ER PT J AU Lankau, EW Cohen, NJ Jentes, ES Adams, LE Bell, TR Blanton, JD Buttke, D Galland, GG Maxted, AM Tack, DM Waterman, SH Rupprecht, CE Marano, N AF Lankau, E. W. Cohen, N. J. Jentes, E. S. Adams, L. E. Bell, T. R. Blanton, J. D. Buttke, D. Galland, G. G. Maxted, A. M. Tack, D. M. Waterman, S. H. Rupprecht, C. E. Marano, N. TI Prevention and Control of Rabies in an Age of Global Travel: A Review of Travel- and Trade-Associated Rabies Events - United States, 1986-2012 SO ZOONOSES AND PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Review DE Global health; prevention and control; rabies; travel; trade ID INTERNATIONAL HEALTH REGULATIONS; PUBLIC VETERINARY-MEDICINE; IMPORTED HUMAN RABIES; HUMAN EXPOSURES; NEW-YORK; SURVEILLANCE; BAT; RISK; VACCINATION; KNOWLEDGE AB Rabies prevention and control efforts have been successful in reducing or eliminating virus circulation regionally through vaccination of specific reservoir populations. A notable example of this success is the elimination of canine rabies virus variant from the United States and many other countries. However, increased international travel and trade can pose risks for rapid, long-distance movements of ill or infected persons or animals. Such travel and trade can result in human exposures to rabies virus during travel or transit and could contribute to the re-introduction of canine rabies variant or transmission of other viral variants among animal host populations. We present a review of travel-and trade-associated rabies events that highlight international public health obligations and collaborative opportunities for rabies prevention and control in an age of global travel. Rabies is a fatal disease that warrants proactive coordination among international public health and travel industry partners (such as travel agents, tour companies and airlines) to protect human lives and to prevent the movement of viral variants among host populations. C1 [Lankau, E. W.; Buttke, D.; Maxted, A. M.; Tack, D. M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. [Lankau, E. W.; Cohen, N. J.; Jentes, E. S.; Adams, L. E.; Bell, T. R.; Galland, G. G.; Waterman, S. H.; Marano, N.] CDC, Div Global Migrat & Quarantine, NCEZID, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Adams, L. E.] Univ Georgia, Coll Publ Hlth, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Adams, L. E.] Univ Georgia, Coll Vet Med, Athens, GA USA. [Bell, T. R.] Council State & Territorial Epidemiologists Appl, Atlanta, GA USA. [Blanton, J. D.; Tack, D. M.] CDC, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, NCEZID, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Buttke, D.] CDC, Div Environm Hazards & Hlth Effects, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Maxted, A. M.] Bur Communicable Dis Control, New York State Dept Hlth, Albany, NY USA. [Rupprecht, C. E.] Global Alliance Rabies Control, Manhattan, KS USA. RP Cohen, NJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop C-01, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM ncohen@cdc.gov RI Lankau, Emily/C-8057-2011 OI Lankau, Emily/0000-0002-7094-7780 FU Applied Epidemiology Fellowship Program; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [5U38HM000414] FX We thank the staff of the CDC Rabies Program, CDC Division of Global Migration and Quarantine, and US state and international partners for their support in preparing this manuscript. We express many thanks to Katherine Johnson and Kevin Liske for providing GIS data and mapping support. Thank you to two anonymous reviewers for their comments and corrections. This work was partially supported by an appointment to the Applied Epidemiology Fellowship Program administered by the Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists (CSTE) and funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Cooperative Agreement number 5U38HM000414 (TRB). NR 66 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 25 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1863-1959 EI 1863-2378 J9 ZOONOSES PUBLIC HLTH JI Zoonoses Public Health PD AUG PY 2014 VL 61 IS 5 BP 305 EP 316 DI 10.1111/zph.12071 PG 12 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases; Veterinary Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases; Veterinary Sciences GA AL4PR UT WOS:000339115400001 PM 23870674 ER PT J AU Campagnolo, ER Lind, LR Long, JM Moll, ME Rankin, JT Martin, KF Deasy, MP Dato, VM Ostroff, SM AF Campagnolo, E. R. Lind, L. R. Long, J. M. Moll, M. E. Rankin, J. T. Martin, K. F. Deasy, M. P. Dato, V. M. Ostroff, S. M. TI Human Exposure to Rabid Free-Ranging Cats: A Continuing Public Health Concern in Pennsylvania SO ZOONOSES AND PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Rabies; free-ranging cats; raccoon rabies; raccoon variant; terrestrial rabies; zoonoses; encephalomyelitis; post-exposure prophylaxis; veterinary public health; surveillance; vaccination; Pennsylvania ID UNITED-STATES; VETERINARY-MEDICINE; PROPHYLAXIS PROTOCOL; DOMESTIC-ANIMALS; SURVEILLANCE; VACCINATION; RECOMBINANT; TEXAS AB Rabid free-ranging cats have been a public health concern in Pennsylvania since raccoon variant rabies first was recognized in the state in the early 1980s. Over the last decade, between 1.5 and 2.5% of cats submitted to Pennsylvania's state laboratories for rabies testing have been positive. In this report, we describe the extent of rabies in free-ranging cats in Pennsylvania. We also present two examples of human exposure to rabid free-ranging cats that occurred in Pennsylvania during 2010-2011 and the public health actions taken to address rabies exposure in the humans and animals. We then describe the concerns surrounding the unvaccinated and free-ranging cat population in Pennsylvania and possible options in managing this public and animal health problem. C1 [Campagnolo, E. R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Publ Hlth Preparedness & Response, Off Sci & Publ Hlth Practice, Atlanta, GA USA. [Campagnolo, E. R.; Lind, L. R.; Long, J. M.; Moll, M. E.; Rankin, J. T.; Deasy, M. P.; Dato, V. M.; Ostroff, S. M.] Bur Epidemiol, Penn Dept Hlth, Harrisburg, PA USA. [Martin, K. F.] Bur Anim Hlth & Diagnost Serv, Penn Dept Agr, Meadville, PA USA. RP Campagnolo, ER (reprint author), Penn Dept Hlth, Northwest Dist Off, 19 McQuiston Dr, Jackson Ctr, PA 16133 USA. EM ejc5@cdc.gov NR 56 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 6 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1863-1959 EI 1863-2378 J9 ZOONOSES PUBLIC HLTH JI Zoonoses Public Health PD AUG PY 2014 VL 61 IS 5 BP 346 EP 355 DI 10.1111/zph.12077 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases; Veterinary Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases; Veterinary Sciences GA AL4PR UT WOS:000339115400005 PM 24134434 ER PT J AU Domjahn, BT Hlavsa, MC Anderson, B Schulkin, J Leon, J Jones, JL AF Domjahn, B. T. Hlavsa, M. C. Anderson, B. Schulkin, J. Leon, J. Jones, J. L. TI A Survey of US Obstetrician-Gynecologists' Clinical and Epidemiological Knowledge of Cryptosporidiosis in Pregnancy SO ZOONOSES AND PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Cryptosporidiosis; physician survey; infections in pregnancy ID UNITED-STATES; SPORADIC CRYPTOSPORIDIOSIS; RECREATIONAL WATER; PARASITIC DISEASES; SURVEILLANCE; INFECTIONS; OUTBREAKS AB Although cryptosporidiosis is frequently diagnosed in the U. S., there has been very little assessment of obstetrician-gynaecologist knowledge about this disease. In 2010, we surveyed U.S. obstetricians about the diagnosis, treatment and epidemiology of cryptosporidiosis. Data were examined through univariable analysis and multivariable regression models. Of 1000 obstetrician-gynaecologists surveyed, 431 (43.1%) responded. Only 44.4% of respondents correctly identified that prolonged, intermittent diarrhoea would lead them to consider cryptosporidiosis in a differential diagnosis. Routine ova and parasites (O&P) testing was incorrectly chosen to identify Cryptosporidium in stool by 30.4% of respondents. Questions about nitazoxanide, the only drug approved by the U.S. Food & Drug Administration (FDA) for treatment of cryptosporidiosis, were the most frequently missed questions. Only 9.0% of respondents correctly classified nitazoxanide as an FDA pregnancy Category B drug, and only 5.6% of respondents correctly indicated that FDA approved nitazoxanide for immunocompetent patients aged >= 1 years. Regarding prevention-and control-related knowledge, only 14.1% of respondents correctly indicated that alcohol-based hand sanitizers were not effective at inactivating Cryptosporidium spp., and <10% correctly indicated that cryptosporidiosis is a reportable disease in their state of practice. Multivariable analysis found that >= 19 years in practice was positively associated with O&P diagnostic testing knowledge, while rural and urban non-inner city practice location, compared with suburban practice location, was positively associated with nitazoxanide knowledge. The low level of knowledge among obstetrician-gynaecologists about cryptosporidiosis indicates a need to develop resources for physicians about all aspects of cryptosporidiosis, particularly on diagnosis, treatment and prevention strategies. C1 [Domjahn, B. T.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Hlavsa, M. C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Anderson, B.; Schulkin, J.] Amer Coll Obstetricians & Gynecologists, Dept Res, Washington, DC 20024 USA. [Leon, J.] Emory Univ, Hubert Dept Global Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Leon, J.] Emory Univ, Hubert Dept Global Hlth, Dept Environm & Occupat Hlth, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Jones, J. L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Domjahn, BT (reprint author), Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, 1365 Clifton Rd NE,Bldg A 4th Floor 4503, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. EM briyana.teague.domjahn@emory.edu RI Leon, Juan/E-9674-2012 FU U.S. Department of Health and Human Services [UA6MC19010]; Health Resources and Services Administration; Maternal and Child Health Research Programme; NIAID-NIH [1KO1AIO87724]; Emory University Global Health Institute FX This study is funded in part by Grant UA6MC19010 through the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Health Resources and Services Administration, and Maternal and Child Health Research Programme. This work was partially supported by grant 1KO1AIO87724 from NIAID-NIH and a grant from the Emory University Global Health Institute (to J.S.L). The authors would like to thank all physician participants of ACOG membership who completed and returned surveys and participated in the study. Special thanks to Michael Beach for his expertise in reviewing this manuscript. NR 30 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 5 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1863-1959 EI 1863-2378 J9 ZOONOSES PUBLIC HLTH JI Zoonoses Public Health PD AUG PY 2014 VL 61 IS 5 BP 356 EP 363 DI 10.1111/zph.12078 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases; Veterinary Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases; Veterinary Sciences GA AL4PR UT WOS:000339115400006 PM 24119338 ER PT J AU Varada, S Park, J O'Donnell, A Kim, C AF Varada, S. Park, J. O'Donnell, A. Kim, C. TI Recurrence and risk of melanoma related to biopsied dysplastic nevi: Do types of histologic margins and biopsy method matter? SO JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Investigative-Dermatology (SID) CY MAY 07-10, 2014 CL Albuquerque, NM SP Soc Invest Dermatol C1 [Varada, S.] Thomas Jefferson Univ, Jefferson Med Coll, Philadelphia, PA 19107 USA. [Park, J.] Univ Illinois, Coll Med, Chicago, IL USA. [O'Donnell, A.] Ctr Dis Control, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Kim, C.] Beth Israel Deaconess Med Ctr, Boston, MA 02215 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 0022-202X EI 1523-1747 J9 J INVEST DERMATOL JI J. Invest. Dermatol. PD AUG PY 2014 VL 134 IS 8 MA LB836 BP S8 EP S8 PG 1 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA AL4SW UT WOS:000339126100081 ER PT J AU Roche, KM Caughy, MO Schuster, MA Bogart, LM Dittus, PJ Franzini, L AF Roche, Kathleen M. Caughy, Margaret O. Schuster, Mark A. Bogart, Laura M. Dittus, Patricia J. Franzini, Luisa TI Cultural Orientations, Parental Beliefs and Practices, and Latino Adolescents' Autonomy and Independence SO JOURNAL OF YOUTH AND ADOLESCENCE LA English DT Article DE Latino families; Parenting; Acculturation; Adolescent autonomy and independence ID MEXICAN-AMERICAN ADOLESCENTS; OF-FIT INDEXES; EUROPEAN BACKGROUNDS; IMMIGRANT FAMILIES; MEASUREMENT INVARIANCE; AFRICAN-AMERICAN; DECISION-MAKING; CHILD; DEPRESSION; YOUTH AB Despite the salience of behavioral autonomy and independence to parent-child interactions during middle adolescence, little is known about parenting processes pertinent to youth autonomy development for Latino families. Among a diverse sample of 684 Latino-origin parent-adolescent dyads in Houston, Texas, this study examines how parents' cultural orientations are associated directly and indirectly, through parental beliefs, with parenting practices giving youth behavioral autonomy and independence. Informed by social domain theory, the study's parenting constructs pertain to youth behaviors in an "ambiguously personal" domain-activities that adolescents believe are up to youth to decide, but which parents might argue require parents' supervision, knowledge, and/or decision-making. Results for latent profile analyses of parents' cultural identity across various facets of acculturation indicate considerable cultural heterogeneity among Latino parents. Although 43 % of parents have a Latino cultural orientation, others represent Spanish-speaking/bicultural (21 %), bilingual/bicultural (15 %), English-speaking/bicultural (15 %), or US (6 %) cultural orientations. Structural equation modeling results indicate that bilingual/bicultural, English-speaking/bicultural, and US-oriented parents report less emphasis on the legitimacy of parental authority and younger age expectations for youth to engage in independent behaviors than do Latino-oriented parents. Parental beliefs endorsing youth's behavioral independence and autonomy, in turn, are associated with less stringent parental rules (parental report), less parental supervision (parental and youth report), and more youth autonomy in decision-making (parental and youth report). Evidence thus supports the idea that the diverse cultural orientations of Latino parents in the US may result in considerable variations in parenting processes pertinent to Latino adolescents' development. C1 [Roche, Kathleen M.] George Washington Univ, Sch Publ Hlth & Hlth Serv, Washington, DC 20037 USA. [Caughy, Margaret O.] Univ Texas Dallas, Sch Publ Hlth, Dallas, TX 75390 USA. [Schuster, Mark A.; Bogart, Laura M.] Harvard Univ, Boston Childrens Hosp, Sch Med, Div Gen Pediat, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Dittus, Patricia J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Franzini, Luisa] Univ Texas Houston, Sch Publ Hlth, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Roche, KM (reprint author), George Washington Univ, Sch Publ Hlth & Hlth Serv, 2175 K St NW,Suite 700, Washington, DC 20037 USA. EM kroche@gwu.edu FU NCCDPHP CDC HHS [U48 DP000056, U48DP000057, U48DP000046, U48DP000056, U48 DP000057, U19DP002664, U19DP002663, U19 DP002664, U19DP002665]; PHS HHS [R40 MC21526-01-00, CCU915773, CCU609653, CCU409679, R40 MC11269-02] NR 77 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 4 U2 24 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0047-2891 EI 1573-6601 J9 J YOUTH ADOLESCENCE JI J. Youth Adolesc. PD AUG PY 2014 VL 43 IS 8 BP 1389 EP 1403 DI 10.1007/s10964-013-9977-6 PG 15 WC Psychology, Developmental SC Psychology GA AK9RA UT WOS:000338763200013 PM 23812743 ER PT J AU Schoenborn, CA Stommel, M Ward, BW AF Schoenborn, Charlotte A. Stommel, Manfred Ward, Brian W. TI Mortality Risks Associated with Average Drinking Level and Episodic Heavy Drinking SO SUBSTANCE USE & MISUSE LA English DT Article DE alcohol; episodic heavy drinking; 5+drinks; survey; mortality risk; National Health Interview Survey ID MODERATE ALCOHOL-CONSUMPTION; UNITED-STATES; MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; LIFE LOST; METAANALYSIS; OBESITY; OVERWEIGHT; UNDERWEIGHT; PREVALENCE; FREQUENCY AB Data from the 1997 to 2004 National Health Interview Survey Sample Adult questionnaires were linked to the National Death Index (N = 242,397) to examine mortality risks associated with average and episodic heavy drinking. Cox proportional hazard models (Stata 12.0) revealed that (average) heavier drinkers and episodic heavy drinkers (5+ in a day) had increased mortality risks but when examined together, episodic heavy drinking added only modestly to the mortality risks of light and moderate drinkers. Limitations and implications of results for survey measurement of potentially harmful levels of alcohol use are noted. This was a Federal study that received no outside funding. C1 [Schoenborn, Charlotte A.; Ward, Brian W.] CDC, Div Hlth Interview Stat, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. [Stommel, Manfred] Michigan State Univ, Coll Nursing, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Schoenborn, CA (reprint author), CDC, Div Hlth Interview Stat, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, 3311 Toledo Rd, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. EM cas6@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 42 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE PI LONDON PA TELEPHONE HOUSE, 69-77 PAUL STREET, LONDON EC2A 4LQ, ENGLAND SN 1082-6084 EI 1532-2491 J9 SUBST USE MISUSE JI Subst. Use Misuse PD AUG PY 2014 VL 49 IS 10 BP 1250 EP 1258 DI 10.3109/10826084.2014.891620 PG 9 WC Substance Abuse; Psychiatry; Psychology SC Substance Abuse; Psychiatry; Psychology GA AK7WP UT WOS:000338638700003 PM 24621084 ER PT J AU Momin, B Neri, A McCausland, K Duke, J Hansen, H Kahende, J Zhang, L Stewart, SL AF Momin, Behnoosh Neri, Antonio McCausland, Kristen Duke, Jennifer Hansen, Heather Kahende, Jennifer Zhang, Lei Stewart, Sherri L. TI Traditional and Innovative Promotional Strategies of Tobacco Cessation Services: A Review of the Literature SO JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY HEALTH LA English DT Review DE Tobacco; Smoking cessation; Tobacco use cessation ID SMOKING-CESSATION; UNITED-STATES; GENERATING CALLS; MEDIA CAMPAIGN; QUITLINE; PROGRAM; PLACEMENT; REACH AB An estimated 43.5 million American adults currently smoke cigarettes. Well-designed tobacco education campaigns with adequate reach increase cessation and reduce tobacco use. Smokers report great interest in quitting but few use effective treatments including quitlines (QLs). This review examined traditional (TV, radio, print ads) versus innovative tobacco cessation (internet, social media) promotions for QL services. Between November 2011 and January 2012, searches were conducted on EBSCO, PubMed, Wilson, OCLC, CQ Press, Google Scholar, Gale, LexisNexis, and JSTOR. Existing literature shows that the amount of radio and print advertising, and promotion of free cessation medications increases QL call volume. Television advertising volume seems to be the best predictor of QL service awareness. Much of the literature on Internet advertising compares the characteristics of participants recruited for studies through various channels. The majority of the papers indicated that Internet-recruited participants were younger; this was the only demographic characteristic with high agreement across studies. Traditional media was only studied within mass media campaigns with TV ads having a consistent impact on increasing calls to QLs, therefore, it is hard to distinguish the impact of traditional media as an independent QL promotion intervention. With innovative media, while many QL services have a presence on social media sites, there is no literature on evaluating the effectiveness of these channels for quitline promotion. C1 [Momin, Behnoosh; Neri, Antonio; Stewart, Sherri L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [McCausland, Kristen; Duke, Jennifer; Hansen, Heather] RTI Int, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Kahende, Jennifer; Zhang, Lei] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Smoking & Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Momin, B (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, 4770 Buford Highway,MS F76,Chamblee Bldg 107, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM fqv6@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 38 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 19 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0094-5145 EI 1573-3610 J9 J COMMUN HEALTH JI J. Community Health PD AUG PY 2014 VL 39 IS 4 BP 800 EP 809 DI 10.1007/s10900-014-9825-y PG 10 WC Health Policy & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AK6LT UT WOS:000338539800023 PM 24515948 ER PT J AU Magill, SS Rhodes, B Klompas, M AF Magill, Shelley S. Rhodes, Barry Klompas, Michael TI Improving ventilator-associated event surveillance in the National Healthcare Safety Network and addressing knowledge gaps: update and review SO CURRENT OPINION IN INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Review DE critical care; mechanical ventilator; pneumonia; public health surveillance; ventilator-associated ID CRITICALLY-ILL PATIENTS; PNEUMONIA; COMPLICATIONS; PARADIGM; IMPACT; UNITS AB Purpose of review The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recently transitioned from ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) surveillance to ventilator-associated event (VAE) surveillance in adult inpatient settings. Since the transition, several modifications have been made to improve surveillance methods, and there is a growing body of data regarding the epidemiology, risk factors, and preventability of VAEs. Recent findings The VAE surveillance definition algorithm is based on objective criteria and includes three tiers: ventilator-associated conditions, infection-related ventilator-associated complications, and possible and probable VAP. VAE surveillance expands the purview of surveillance beyond pneumonia alone to include additional complications of mechanical ventilation. Most VAEs are caused by pneumonia, pulmonary edema, atelectasis, or acute respiratory distress syndrome. VAEs are associated with adverse outcomes including prolonged mechanical ventilation, longer intensive care and hospital length-of-stay, and higher mortality rates. Studies to date suggest that minimizing sedation and optimizing fluid management can reduce VAE rates. Summary We review the CDC's recent updates on VAE surveillance definitions, methods, and tools, and provide an overview of the growing evidence base for VAE as a patient safety measure. Further work is needed to affirm and extend the current knowledge about how best to prevent VAEs. C1 [Magill, Shelley S.; Rhodes, Barry] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Klompas, Michael] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Populat Med, Harvard Pilgrim Healthcare Inst, Boston, MA USA. [Klompas, Michael] Brigham & Womens Hosp, Dept Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA. RP Magill, SS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mailstop A-24, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM smagill@cdc.gov FU CIC; MT; SM (ASCP) FX The authors would like to thank the members of the VAE Surveillance Definition Working Group for their ongoing efforts to improve VAE surveillance and the NHSN users for their feedback. The authors also thank Cindy Gross, MT, SM (ASCP), CIC for providing VAE surveillance training and support to the NHSN users. NR 19 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 5 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0951-7375 EI 1473-6527 J9 CURR OPIN INFECT DIS JI Curr. Opin. Infect. Dis. PD AUG PY 2014 VL 27 IS 4 BP 394 EP 400 DI 10.1097/QCO.0000000000000083 PG 7 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA AK0SS UT WOS:000338126200016 PM 24945615 ER PT J AU Montoya, JG Perl, TM AF Montoya, Jose G. Perl, Trish M. TI Editorial introductions SO CURRENT OPINION IN INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Montoya, Jose G.] Palo Alto Med Fdn, Lab Diag & Management Toxoplasmosis US, Palo Alto, CA USA. [Montoya, Jose G.] Stanford Univ, Med Ctr, Immunocompromised Host Serv Infect Dis, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Montoya, Jose G.] Amer Coll Phys FACP, Recognit Commitment Internal Med Community, Philadelphia, PA USA. [Montoya, Jose G.] Infect Dis Soc Amer FIDSA, Murray, MD USA. [Perl, Trish M.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med Infect Dis, Baltimore, MD USA. [Perl, Trish M.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pathol, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Perl, Trish M.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Health, Dept Epidemiol, Baltimore, MD USA. [Perl, Trish M.] Johns Hopkins Med Baltimore, Baltimore, MD USA. [Perl, Trish M.] Johns Hopkins Med Baltimore, Baltimore, FL USA. [Perl, Trish M.] Johns Hopkins Univ Hosp, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA. [Perl, Trish M.] Ctr Dis Control, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Perl, Trish M.] WHO, Geneva, Switzerland. [Perl, Trish M.] NIH, Bethesda, MD USA. RP Montoya, JG (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0951-7375 EI 1473-6527 J9 CURR OPIN INFECT DIS JI Curr. Opin. Infect. Dis. PD AUG PY 2014 VL 27 IS 4 PG 2 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA AK0SS UT WOS:000338126200001 ER PT J AU Longenberger, AH Gronostaj, MP Yee, GY Johnson, LM Lando, JF Voorhees, RE Waller, K Weltman, AC Moll, M Lyss, SB Cadwell, BL Gladney, LM Ostroff, SM AF Longenberger, A. H. Gronostaj, M. P. Yee, G. Y. Johnson, L. M. Lando, J. F. Voorhees, R. E. Waller, K. Weltman, A. C. Moll, M. Lyss, S. B. Cadwell, B. L. Gladney, L. M. Ostroff, S. M. TI Yersinia enterocolitica infections associated with improperly pasteurized milk products: southwest Pennsylvania, March-August, 2011 SO EPIDEMIOLOGY AND INFECTION LA English DT Article DE Foodborne infections; outbreaks; Yersinia enterocolitica ID UNITED-STATES; FOODBORNE PATHOGENS; RAW-MILK; OUTBREAK; DAIRY; CONSUMPTION; VIRULENCE; RECOVERY; STRAINS; FOOD AB In July 2011, a cluster of Yersinia enterocolitica infections was detected in southwestern Pennsylvania, USA. We investigated the outbreak's source and scope in order to prevent further transmission. Twenty-two persons were diagnosed with yersiniosis; 16 of whom reported consuming pasteurized dairy products from dairy A. Pasteurized milk and food samples were collected from this dairy. Y. enterocolitica was isolated from two products. Isolates from both food samples and available clinical isolates from nine dairy A consumers were indistinguishable by pulsed- field gel electrophoresis. Environmental and microbiological investigations were performed at dairy A and pasteurization deficiencies were noted. Because consumption of pasteurized milk is common and outbreaks have the potential to become large, public health interventions such as consumer advisories or closure of the dairy must be implemented quickly to prevent additional cases if epidemiological or laboratory evidence implicates pasteurized milk as the outbreak source. C1 [Longenberger, A. H.; Gronostaj, M. P.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Sci Educ & Profess Dev Program Off, Off Surveillance Epidemiol & Lab Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. [Longenberger, A. H.; Waller, K.; Weltman, A. C.; Moll, M.; Ostroff, S. M.] Penn Dept Hlth, Harrisburg, PA 17120 USA. [Gronostaj, M. P.; Yee, G. Y.; Lando, J. F.; Voorhees, R. E.] Allegheny Cty Hlth Dept, Pittsburgh, PA USA. [Johnson, L. M.] Penn Dept Agr, Harrisburg, PA USA. [Lando, J. F.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Career Epidemiol Field Officer Program, Off Publ Hlth Preparedness & Response, Atlanta, GA USA. [Lyss, S. B.; Cadwell, B. L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Sci Educ & Profess Dev Program Off, Off Surveillance Epidemiol & Lab Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. [Gladney, L. M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Enter Dis Lab Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Longenberger, AH (reprint author), Penn Dept Hlth, Room 933,Hlth & Welf Bldg,625 Forster St, Harrisburg, PA 17120 USA. EM alongenber@pa.gov NR 37 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 15 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0950-2688 EI 1469-4409 J9 EPIDEMIOL INFECT JI Epidemiol. Infect. PD AUG PY 2014 VL 142 IS 8 BP 1640 EP 1650 DI 10.1017/S0950268813002616 PG 11 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA AJ5TS UT WOS:000337752000009 PM 24128938 ER PT J AU Wells, EM Navas-Acien, A Apelberg, BJ Herbstman, JB Jarrett, JM Lin, YH Verdon, CP Ward, C Caldwell, KL Hibbeln, JR Halden, RU Witter, FR Goldman, LR AF Wells, E. M. Navas-Acien, A. Apelberg, B. J. Herbstman, J. B. Jarrett, J. M. Lin, Y. H. Verdon, C. P. Ward, C. Caldwell, K. L. Hibbeln, J. R. Halden, R. U. Witter, F. R. Goldman, L. R. TI Association of selenium and copper with lipids in umbilical cord blood SO JOURNAL OF DEVELOPMENTAL ORIGINS OF HEALTH AND DISEASE LA English DT Article DE copper; infant; newborn; selenium; total cholesterol; triglyceride ID CARDIOVASCULAR RISK-FACTORS; SERUM SELENIUM; GLUTATHIONE-PEROXIDASE; RANDOMIZED-TRIAL; TRACE-ELEMENTS; HEART-DISEASE; YOUNG FINNS; ADULTS; ZINC; SUPPLEMENTATION AB Altered levels of selenium and copper have been linked with altered cardiovascular disease risk factors including changes in blood triglyceride and cholesterol levels. However, it is unclear whether this can be observed prenatally. This cross-sectional study includes 274 singleton births from 2004 to 2005 in Baltimore, Maryland. We measured umbilical cord serum selenium and copper using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. We evaluated exposure levels vis-a-vis umbilical cord serum triglyceride and total cholesterol concentrations in multivariable regression models adjusted for gestational age, birth weight, maternal age, race, parity, smoking, prepregnancy body mass index, n-3 fatty acids and methyl mercury. The percent difference in triglycerides comparing those in the highest v. lowest quartile of selenium was 22.3% (95% confidence interval (CI): 7.1, 39.7). For copper this was 43.8% (95% CI: 25.9, 64.3). In multivariable models including both copper and selenium as covariates, copper, but not selenium, maintained a statistically significant association with increased triglycerides (percent difference: 40.7%, 95% CI: 22.1, 62.1). There was limited evidence of a relationship of increasing selenium with increasing total cholesterol. Our findings provide evidence that higher serum copper levels are associated with higher serum triglycerides in newborns, but should be confirmed in larger studies. C1 [Wells, E. M.] Purdue Univ, Sch Hlth Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Navas-Acien, A.; Halden, R. U.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Baltimore, MD USA. [Navas-Acien, A.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Baltimore, MD USA. [Apelberg, B. J.] US FDA, Off Policy, Ctr Tobacco Prod, Rockville, MD 20857 USA. [Herbstman, J. B.] Columbia Univ, Mailman Sch Publ Hlth, Columbia Ctr Childrens Environm Hlth, New York, NY USA. [Jarrett, J. M.; Verdon, C. P.; Ward, C.; Caldwell, K. L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Div Sci Lab, Atlanta, GA USA. [Lin, Y. H.; Hibbeln, J. R.] NIAAA, NIH, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. [Halden, R. U.] Arizona State Univ, Biodesign Inst, Ctr Environm Secur, Tempe, AZ USA. [Witter, F. R.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Goldman, L. R.] George Washington Univ, Sch Publ Hlth & Hlth Serv, Washington, DC USA. RP Wells, EM (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Sch Hlth Sci, 550 Stadium Mall Dr,HAMP 1269, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. EM wells54@purdue.edu RI Halden, Rolf/F-9562-2010; OI Halden, Rolf/0000-0001-5232-7361; Wells, Ellen/0000-0002-7293-1395; Jarrett, Jeffery/0000-0001-5755-3552 FU Maryland Cigarette Restitution Program Research Grant; United States National Institute for Environmental Health Sciences [1R01ES015445]; United States STAR Fellowship Program FX This study received funding from the Maryland Cigarette Restitution Program Research Grant, the United States National Institute for Environmental Health Sciences (R.U.H., grant #: 1R01ES015445), and the United States STAR Fellowship Program (E.M.W.). NR 46 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 9 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA EDINBURGH BLDG, SHAFTESBURY RD, CB2 8RU CAMBRIDGE, ENGLAND SN 2040-1744 EI 2040-1752 J9 J DEV ORIG HLTH DIS JI J. Dev. Orig. Health Dis. PD AUG PY 2014 VL 5 IS 4 BP 281 EP 287 DI 10.1017/S2040174414000233 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AJ5VN UT WOS:000337758200002 PM 24965134 ER PT J AU Chang, J Omuomo, K Anyango, E Kingwara, L Basiye, F Morwabe, A Shanmugam, V Nguyen, S Sabatier, J Zeh, C Ellenberger, D AF Chang, Joy Omuomo, Kenneth Anyango, Emily Kingwara, Leonard Basiye, Frank Morwabe, Alex Shanmugam, Vedapuri Shon Nguyen Sabatier, Jennifer Zeh, Clement Ellenberger, Dennis TI Field evaluation of Abbott Real Time HIV-1 Qualitative test for early infant diagnosis using dried blood spots samples in comparison to Roche COBAS Ampliprep/COBAS TaqMan HIV-1 Qual Test in Kenya SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGICAL METHODS LA English DT Article DE HIV; Early infant diagnosis; Dried blood spots ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; AUTOMATED QUANTIFICATION; POOLED ANALYSIS; VIRAL LOAD; TYPE-1; RNA; DNA; AFRICA; PLASMA; SYSTEM AB Timely diagnosis and treatment of infants infected with HIV are critical for reducing infant mortality. High-throughput automated diagnostic tests like Roche COBAS AmpliPrep/COBAS TaqMan HIV-1 Qual Test (Roche CAPCTM Qual) and the Abbott Real Time HIV-1 Qualitative (Abbott Qualitative) can be used to rapidly expand early infant diagnosis testing services. In this study, the performance characteristics of the Abbott Qualitative were evaluated using two hundred dried blood spots (DBS) samples (100 HIV-1 positive and 100 HIV-1 negative) collected from infants attending the antenatal facilities in Kisumu, Kenya. The Abbott Qualitative results were compared to the diagnostic testing completed using the Roche CAPCTM Qual in Kenya. The sensitivity and specificity of the Abbott Qualitative were 99.0% (95% CI: 95.0-100.0) and 100.0% (95% CI: 96.0-100.0), respectively, and the overall reproducibility was 98.0% (95% CI: 86.0-100.0). The limits of detection for the Abbott Qualitative and Roche CAPCTM Qual were 56.5 and 6.9 copies/mL at 95% Cls (p = 0.005), respectively. The study findings demonstrate that the Abbott Qualitative test is a practical option for timely diagnosis of HIV in infants. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Chang, Joy; Shanmugam, Vedapuri; Shon Nguyen; Sabatier, Jennifer; Ellenberger, Dennis] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Omuomo, Kenneth; Anyango, Emily; Kingwara, Leonard; Morwabe, Alex; Zeh, Clement] Kenya Med Res Inst CDC KEMRI, Kisumu, Kenya. RP Chang, J (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, CGH, Div Global HIV AIDS DGHA, ILB, 1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM ckc7@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 23 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-0934 EI 1879-0984 J9 J VIROL METHODS JI J. Virol. Methods PD AUG PY 2014 VL 204 BP 25 EP 30 DI 10.1016/j.jviromet.2014.03.010 PG 6 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology GA AJ4LY UT WOS:000337649100005 PM 24726703 ER PT J AU Wallace, AS Masresha, BG Grant, G Goodson, JL Birhane, H Abraham, M Endailalu, TB Letamo, Y Petu, A Vijayaraghavan, M AF Wallace, Aaron S. Masresha, Balcha G. Grant, Gavin Goodson, James L. Birhane, Hailye Abraham, Meseret Endailalu, Tewodros B. Letamo, Yohannes Petu, Amos Vijayaraghavan, Maya TI Evaluation of economic costs of a measles outbreak and outbreak response activities in Keffa Zone, Ethiopia SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Measles; Economic; Outbreak ID HEALTH-CARE; MORTALITY REDUCTION; UNITED-STATES; IMPACT; HOUSEHOLDS; MALARIA; EXPENDITURES; CHALLENGES; COUNTRIES; ILLNESS AB Objective: To estimate the economic impact of a measles outbreak and response activities that occurred in Keffa Zone, Ethiopia with 5257 reported cases during October 1, 2011 April 8, 2012, using the health sector and household perspectives. Methods: We collected cost input data through interviews and record reviews with government and partner agency staff and through a survey of 100 measles cases-patients and their caretakers. We used cost input data to estimate the financial and opportunity costs of the following outbreak and response activities: investigation, treatment, case management, active surveillance, immunization campaigns, and immunization system strengthening. Findings: The economic cost of the outbreak and response was 758,869 United States dollars (US$), including the opportunity cost of US$327,545 (US$62.31/case) and financial cost of US$431,324 (US$82.05/case). Health sector costs, including the immunization campaign (US$72.29/case), accounted for 80% of the economic cost. Household economic cost was US$29.18/case, equal to 6% of the household median annual income. 92% of financial costs were covered by partner agencies. Conclusion: The economic cost of the measles outbreak was substantial when compared to household income and health sector expenditures. Improvement in two-dose measles vaccination coverage above 95% would both reduce measles incidence and save considerable outbreak-associated costs to both the health sector and households. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Wallace, Aaron S.; Goodson, James L.; Vijayaraghavan, Maya] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global Immunizat Div, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Grant, Gavin; Abraham, Meseret] World Hlth Org, Immunizat & Vaccines Dev Programme, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. [Masresha, Balcha G.; Petu, Amos] World Hlth Org, Reg Off Africa, Immunizat & Vaccines Dev Programme, Kinshasa, Zaire. [Birhane, Hailye; Endailalu, Tewodros B.] Fed Minist Hlth, Gen Policy Planning & Finance Directorate, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. [Letamo, Yohannes] Reg Minist Hlth, Operat Res Directorate, Awasa, Ethiopia. RP Wallace, AS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global Immunizat Div, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS-E05, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM awallace@cdc.gov FU World Health Organization [001] NR 30 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X EI 1873-2518 J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD JUL 31 PY 2014 VL 32 IS 35 BP 4505 EP 4514 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2014.06.035 PG 10 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA AM8QD UT WOS:000340141200021 PM 24951866 ER PT J AU Sutcliffe, JF Yin, SM AF Sutcliffe, James F. Yin, Shaoman TI Behavioural responses of females of two anopheline mosquito species to human-occupied, insecticide-treated and untreated bed nets SO MALARIA JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Anopheles; Host-seeking; Bed nets; Durability; ITNs; LLINs ID EXPERIMENTAL HUT TRIALS; MALARIA VECTORS; HOST-SEEKING; BITING SITES; CULEX-QUINQUEFASCIATUS; REDUCED SUSCEPTIBILITY; DIPTERA-CULICIDAE; WESTERN UGANDA; HOUSEHOLD USE; BEDNETS AB Background: Insecticide-treated bed nets (ITNs), used extensively to reduce human exposure to malaria, work through physical and chemical means to block or deter host-seeking mosquitoes. Despite the importance of ITNs, very little is known about how host-seeking mosquitoes behave around occupied bed nets. As a result, evidence-based evaluations of the effects of physical damage on bed net effectiveness are not possible and there is a dearth of knowledge on which to base ITN design. Methods: The dispersion of colony-raised female Anopheles gambiae and Anopheles albimanus was observed in 2-hr laboratory experiments in which up to 200 mosquitoes were released inside a mosquito-proof 3 m x 3 m tent housing a bed net arrayed with 18 30 cm x 30 cm sticky screen squares on the sides, ends and roof. Numbers of mosquitoes caught on the sticky squares were interpreted as the 'mosquito pressure' on that part of the net. Results: Presence of a human subject in the bed net significantly increased total mosquito pressure on the net for both species and significantly re-oriented An. gambiae to the roof of the net. Anopheles albimanus pressure was greatest on the bed net roof in both host-present and no-host conditions. The effects of different human subjects in the bed net, of different ambient conditions (dry, cool conditions vs warm, humid conditions) and of bed net treatment (deltamethrin-treated or no insecticide) on mosquito pressure patterns were tested for both species. Species-specific pressure patterns did not vary greatly as a result of any of these factors though some differences were noted that may be due the size of the different human subjects. Conclusions: As a result of the interaction between host-seeking responses and the convective plume from the net occupant, species-specific mosquito pressure patterns manifest more or less predictably on the bed net. This has implications for bed net design and suggests that current methods of assessing damaged bed nets, which do not take damage location into account, should be modified. C1 [Sutcliffe, James F.] Trent Univ, Dept Biol, Peterborough, ON K9J 7B8, Canada. [Sutcliffe, James F.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Entomol Branch, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Yin, Shaoman] Emory Univ, Dept Biostat & Bioinformat, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Sutcliffe, JF (reprint author), Trent Univ, Dept Biol, Peterborough, ON K9J 7B8, Canada. EM jsutcliffe@trentu.ca FU CDC Amazon Malaria Initiative; Entomology Branch of the CDC FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the CDC Amazon Malaria Initiative for financial support and the Entomology Branch of the CDC for financial and facilities support for this research, the staff of the MR4 unit and of the Malaria and Entomology Branches of the CDC for mosquitoes used in experiments, Helen Pates-Jamet of Vestergaard for supplying untreated bed nets and Erin Gymburch and Genevieve LaCon for technical assistance. The quality of this paper was aided by discussions with Ellen Dotson, John Gimnig, Seth Irish, Audrey Lenhart, Gabriel Ponce de Leon, Steve Smith and Bob Wirtz of the CDC, Brian Byrd of the Environmental and Health Sciences Program at Western Carolina University, Kathryn Colborn of the Graduate Group in Biostatistics at the University of Berkeley and Norma Padilla of the Universidad delle Valle de Guatemala. Special thanks go to the volunteers whose co-operation made this study possible. NR 39 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 6 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1475-2875 J9 MALARIA J JI Malar. J. PD JUL 30 PY 2014 VL 13 AR 294 DI 10.1186/1475-2875-13-294 PG 19 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA AN5MP UT WOS:000340635800001 PM 25080389 ER PT J AU Sullivan, PS Stephenson, R Gratzer, B Wingood, G Diclemente, R Allen, S Hoff, C Salazar, L Scales, L Montgomery, J Schwartz, A Barnes, J Grabbe, K AF Sullivan, Patrick S. Stephenson, Rob Gratzer, Beau Wingood, Gina Diclemente, Ralph Allen, Susan Hoff, Colleen Salazar, Laura Scales, Lamont Montgomery, Jeanne Schwartz, Ann Barnes, Jasper Grabbe, Kristina TI Adaptation of the African couples HIV testing and counseling model for men who have sex with men in the United States: an application of the ADAPT-ITT framework (vol 3, 249, 2014) SO SPRINGERPLUS LA English DT Correction C1 [Sullivan, Patrick S.; Barnes, Jasper] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Stephenson, Rob] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Hubert Dept Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Gratzer, Beau] Howard Brown Hlth Ctr, Chicago, IL 60613 USA. [Wingood, Gina; Diclemente, Ralph] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Behav Sci & Hlth Educ, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Allen, Susan] Emory Univ, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Hoff, Colleen] San Francisco State Univ, Ctr Res & Educ Gender & Sexual, San Francisco, CA 94103 USA. [Salazar, Laura] Georgia State Univ, Inst Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. [Scales, Lamont; Grabbe, Kristina] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Montgomery, Jeanne] Licensed Family & Martial Therapist, Atlanta, GA 30345 USA. [Schwartz, Ann] Univ Rochester, Med Ctr, Ctr Hlth & Behav Training, Rochester, NY 14642 USA. RP Sullivan, PS (reprint author), Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, 1518 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. EM pssulli@emory.edu NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER INTERNATIONAL PUBLISHING AG PI CHAM PA GEWERBESTRASSE 11, CHAM, CH-6330, SWITZERLAND SN 2193-1801 J9 SPRINGERPLUS JI SpringerPlus PD JUL 30 PY 2014 VL 3 AR 396 DI 10.1186/2193-1801-3-396 PG 1 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA CO3KZ UT WOS:000359057400003 PM 26085970 ER PT J AU McCollum, AM Holman, RC Hughes, CM Mehal, JM Folkema, AM Redd, JT Cheek, JE Damon, IK Reynolds, MG AF McCollum, Andrea M. Holman, Robert C. Hughes, Christine M. Mehal, Jason M. Folkema, Arianne M. Redd, John T. Cheek, James E. Damon, Inger K. Reynolds, Mary G. TI Molluscum Contagiosum in a Pediatric American Indian Population: Incidence and Risk Factors SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID INFECTIOUS-DISEASE HOSPITALIZATIONS; ATOPIC-DERMATITIS; CHILDREN; ALASKA; EPIDEMIOLOGY; MANAGEMENT; HEALTH AB Background: Molluscum contagiosum virus (MCV) causes an innocuous yet persistent skin infection in immunocompetent individuals and is spread by contact with lesions. Studies point to atopic dermatitis (AD) as a risk factor for MCV infection; however, there are no longitudinal studies that have evaluated this hypothesis. Methods: Outpatient visit data from fiscal years 2001-2009 for American Indian and Alaska Native (AI/AN) children were examined to describe the incidence of molluscum contagiosum (MC). We conducted a case-control study of patients <5 years old at an Indian Health Service (IHS) clinic to evaluate dermatological risk factors for infection. Results: The incidence rate for MC in children <5 years old was highest in the West and East regions. MC cases were more likely to have a prior or co-occurring diagnosis of eczema, eczema or dermatitis, impetigo, and scabies (p < 0.05) compared to controls; 51.4% of MC cases had a prior or co-occurring diagnosis of eczema or dermatitis. Conclusions: The present study is the first demonstration of an association between AD and MC using a case-control study design. It is unknown if the concurrent high incidence of eczema and MC is related, and this association deserves further investigation. C1 [McCollum, Andrea M.; Holman, Robert C.; Hughes, Christine M.; Mehal, Jason M.; Folkema, Arianne M.; Damon, Inger K.; Reynolds, Mary G.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [McCollum, Andrea M.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Sci Educ & Profess Dev Program Off, Atlanta, GA USA. [Redd, John T.; Cheek, James E.] Indian Hlth Serv, Off Publ Hlth Support, Div Epidemiol & Dis Prevent, Albuquerque, NM USA. RP McCollum, AM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM amccollum@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia FX Funding was provided for by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention or the Indian Health Service. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 33 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 7 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUL 29 PY 2014 VL 9 IS 7 AR e103419 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0103419 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AO4KU UT WOS:000341307600048 PM 25072249 ER PT J AU Crider, KS Devine, O Hao, L Dowling, NF Li, S Molloy, AM Li, Z Zhu, JH Berry, RJ AF Crider, Krista S. Devine, Owen Hao, Ling Dowling, Nicole F. Li, Song Molloy, Anne M. Li, Zhu Zhu, Jianghui Berry, Robert J. TI Population red blood cell folate concentrations for prevention of neural tube defects: bayesian model SO BMJ-BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID FOLIC-ACID FORTIFICATION; DOUBLE-BLIND TRIAL; UNITED-STATES; CHILDBEARING AGE; HOMOCYSTEINE CONCENTRATIONS; ERYTHROCYTE FOLATE; FOOD FORTIFICATION; SPINA-BIFIDA; WOMEN; SUPPLEMENTATION AB Objective To determine an optimal population red blood cell (RBC) folate concentration for the prevention of neural tube birth defects. Design Bayesian model. Setting Data from two population based studies in China. Participants 247 831 participants in a prospective community intervention project in China (1993-95) to prevent neural tube defects with 400 mu g/day folic acid supplementation and 1194 participants in a population based randomized trial (2003-05) to evaluate the effect of folic acid supplementation on blood folate concentration among Chinese women of reproductive age. Intervention Folic acid supplementation (400 mu g/day). Main outcome measures Estimated RBC folate concentration at time of neural tube closure (day 28 of gestation) and risk of neural tube defects. Results Risk of neural tube defects was high at the lowest estimated RBC folate concentrations (for example, 25.4 (95% uncertainty interval 20.8 to 31.2) neural tube defects per 10 000 births at 500 nmol/L) and decreased as estimated RBC folate concentration increased. Risk of neural tube defects was substantially attenuated at estimated RBC folate concentrations above about 1000 nmol/L (for example, 6 neural tube defects per 10 000 births at 1180 (1050 to 1340) nmol/L). The modeled dose-response relation was consistent with the existing literature. In addition, neural tube defect risk estimates developed using the proposed model and population level RBC information were consistent with the prevalence of neural tube defects in the US population before and after food fortification with folic acid. Conclusions A threshold for "optimal" population RBC folate concentration for the prevention of neural tube defects could be defined (for example, approximately 1000 nmol/L). Population based RBC folate concentrations, as a biomarker for risk of neural tube defects, can be used to facilitate evaluation of prevention programs as well as to identify subpopulations at elevated risk for a neural tube defect affected pregnancy due to folate insufficiency. C1 [Crider, Krista S.; Devine, Owen; Dowling, Nicole F.; Berry, Robert J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Hao, Ling; Li, Zhu; Zhu, Jianghui] Peking Univ, Hlth Sci Ctr, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. [Hao, Ling] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, US Embassy, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Li, Song] Peking Univ, Hosp 3, Beijing 100871, Peoples R China. [Molloy, Anne M.] Univ Dublin Trinity Coll, Sch Med, Dublin 2, Ireland. [Zhu, Jianghui] China Natl Ctr Food Safety Risk Assessment, Div Risk Assessment, Beijing, Peoples R China. RP Crider, KS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM kcrider@cdc.gov OI Molloy, Anne/0000-0002-1688-9049; Berry, Robert/0000-0002-7162-5046 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX Funding for salaries of CDC employees was provided by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. No specific funding was provided for this project. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 48 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 3 U2 102 PU BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 1756-1833 J9 BMJ-BRIT MED J JI BMJ-British Medical Journal PD JUL 29 PY 2014 VL 349 AR g4554 DI 10.1136/bmj.g4554 PG 12 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA AM5NG UT WOS:000339906000002 PM 25073783 ER PT J AU Gueye, CS Newby, G Hwang, J Phillips, AA Whittaker, M MacArthur, JR Gosling, RD Feachem, RGA AF Gueye, Cara Smith Newby, Gretchen Hwang, Jimee Phillips, Allison A. Whittaker, Maxine MacArthur, John R. Gosling, Roly D. Feachem, Richard G. A. TI The challenge of artemisinin resistance can only be met by eliminating Plasmodium falciparum malaria across the Greater Mekong subregion SO MALARIA JOURNAL LA English DT Article AB Artemisinin-based combinations are currently the most effective anti-malarials and, in addition to vector control, have led to significant declines in malaria morbidity and mortality. However, foci of artemisinin drug resistance have been identified in the Greater Mekong subregion (GMS) of the Asia Pacific, threatening the major gains made in malaria control and potentially creating a parasite pool that is more difficult to treat and eliminate. Efforts are underway to halt the spread of artemisinin resistance, including coordination of activities and funding, and identification of areas of suspected artemisinin resistance, now using a newly identified molecular marker. However, targeting resources to the containment of resistant parasites is likely inefficient and monitoring impact is challenging. A more sustainable solution is the rapid elimination of all Plasmodium falciparum parasites from the GMS. This strategy is more efficient for several reasons. First, a subregional strategy is in line with current commitment to elimination and will build upon the existing national political support for elimination as well as enhancing collaboration among countries. Second, the challenge of human mobility in the GMS is subregional in scope and requires a harmonized elimination strategy. Third, countries will need to improve and intensify malaria operations to reach elimination, and this will be a singular goal across the subregion. Rallying around the goal of P. falciparum elimination will not only utilize existing regional bodies to catalyze political and funding support, but will also leverage the funding already in place to achieve this subregional goal. C1 [Gueye, Cara Smith; Newby, Gretchen; Hwang, Jimee; Phillips, Allison A.; Gosling, Roly D.; Feachem, Richard G. A.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Global Hlth Grp, Malaria Eliminat Initiat, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Hwang, Jimee; MacArthur, John R.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Whittaker, Maxine] Univ Queensland, Sch Populat Hlth, Brisbane, Qld, Australia. RP Gueye, CS (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, Global Hlth Grp, Malaria Eliminat Initiat, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. EM smithc1@globalhealth.ucsf.edu FU Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation; Novartis Foundation for Sustainable Development; Australian Government FX The Malaria Elimination Initiative of the Global Health Group at UCSF is supported by grants from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation and the Novartis Foundation for Sustainable Development. The work on APMEN at the School of Population Health, University of Queensland, is supported by the Australian Government. The authors declare that no funding bodies had any role in research, analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. The corresponding author, CSG, confirms that she had final responsibility for the decision to submit for publication. NR 12 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 6 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1475-2875 J9 MALARIA J JI Malar. J. PD JUL 27 PY 2014 VL 13 AR 286 DI 10.1186/1475-2875-13-286 PG 4 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA AN5ME UT WOS:000340634600001 ER PT J AU Mehta, P Antao, V Kaye, W Sanchez, M Williamson, D Bryan, L Muravov, O Horton, K AF Mehta, Paul Antao, Vinicius Kaye, Wendy Sanchez, Marchelle Williamson, David Bryan, Leah Muravov, Oleg Horton, Kevin TI Prevalence of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis - United States, 2010-2011 SO MMWR SURVEILLANCE SUMMARIES LA English DT Article ID MOTOR-NEURON DISEASE; PILOT CASE-CONTROL; RISK-FACTORS; ALS; POPULATION; EPIDEMIOLOGY; MORTALITY; DIAGNOSIS; VETERANS; EXPOSURE AB Problem/Condition: Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), commonly known as Lou Gehrig's disease, is a progressive and fatal neuromuscular disease for which no cure has been identified. Although ALS has no known definitive cause, familial ALS (a hereditary form) occurs in 5%-10% of cases. Many hypotheses have been formulated about what causes ALS, including chemical exposures, occupational exposure, military service, infectious agents, nutritional intake, physical activity, and trauma. Worldwide, ALS affects white males aged >60 years more often than any other group. In the United States, ALS surveillance is necessary to estimate the incidence and prevalence of ALS and collect data on risk factors. ALS is not a nationally notifiable condition in the United States (i.e., it is not a reportable condition in all jurisdictions), and individual state reporting requirements differ, with Massachusetts being the only state that mandates reporting. Period Covered: October 19, 2010-December 31, 2011. Description of System: In 2009, the federal Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) implemented the National ALS Registry to collect and analyze data regarding persons with ALS in the United States. The main goals of the Registry, as defined by the 2008 ALS Registry Act, are to describe the incidence and prevalence of ALS better, examine risk factors such as environmental and occupational exposures, and characterize the demographics of those living with ALS. The Registry uses a two-pronged approach to identify all cases of ALS. The first approach uses four existing national administrative databases (maintained by Medicare, Medicaid, the Veterans Health Administration, and the Veterans Benefits Administration) to identify prevalence of ALS. The second approach uses a secure web portal (http://www.cdc.gov/als) that was launched to the public on October 19, 2010, to identify cases not included in the four national administrative databases and to collect risk-factor data on known ALS cases. ALS patients who have registered via the web portal can complete brief risk-factor surveys online that are intended to attain a better understanding of ALS (e.g., genetics and environmental and occupational exposures) and help determine disease progression. Results: During October 19, 2010-December 31, 2011, a total of 12,187 persons meeting the surveillance case definition of definite ALS were identified by the Registry, for a prevalence of 3.9 cases of ALS per 100,000 persons in the U. S. general population. Incidence cannot be measured because the date of diagnosis was not noted in all patient records. Overall, ALS was more common among white males, non-Hispanics, and persons aged 60-69 years. The age groups with the lowest number of persons with ALS were age 18-39 years and age >80 years. Males had a higher prevalence rate of ALS than females overall and across all data sources. Interpretation: This is the first (and to date the only) effort to estimate the national prevalence of ALS in the United States. Using the combined approach of the national databases and the web-based portal enables researchers to estimate ALS prevalence more accurately. Registry findings for the prevalence of ALS are consistent with findings from long-established ALS registries in Europe and from smaller-scale epidemiologic studies conducted previously in the United States. Although incidence cannot be measured with Registry data at this time, incidence is being measured in smaller geographic areas that have participated in ATSDR's State and Metropolitan Area ALS surveillance projects. Public Health Actions: Data collected by the National ALS Registry are being used to better describe the prevalence of ALS in the United States and to help facilitate research. The combined approach of using national administrative databases and a self-enrollment web portal to collect data is novel and potentially could be used for other non-notifiable diseases such as Parkinson's disease or multiple sclerosis. ATSDR is working closely with ALS advocacy and support groups, researchers, health-care professionals, and others to promote the National ALS Registry in order to capture all cases of ALS. To further enhance and strengthen the Registry, ATSDR is 1) adding new modules to the portal to examine other potential risk factors, 2) launching a feasibility study for a novel ALS biorepository (available at http://wwwn.cdc.gov/als/ALSBioRegistry.aspx) linked to the Registry that would potentially provide biologic specimens from patient enrollees to help researchers learn more about disease etiology, 3) engaging in surveillance activities in selected states and large metropolitan areas to help test the completeness of the Registry as well as calculating incidence in these areas, and 4) using the Registry to recruit patient enrollees for new clinical trials and epidemiologic studies. Additional information about the National ALS Registry is available at http://www.cdc.gov/als or by calling toll-free at 1-877-442-9719. C1 [Mehta, Paul; Antao, Vinicius; Sanchez, Marchelle; Williamson, David; Muravov, Oleg; Horton, Kevin] Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registry, Div Toxicol & Human Hlth Sci, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Kaye, Wendy] McKing Consulting Corp, Atlanta, GA USA. [Bryan, Leah] Carter Consulting Int, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Mehta, P (reprint author), Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registry, Div Toxicol & Human Hlth Sci, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM pum4@cdc.gov NR 47 TC 36 Z9 37 U1 2 U2 28 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL & PREVENTION PI ATLANTA PA MAILSTOP E-90, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1545-8636 J9 MMWR SURVEILL SUMM JI MMWR Surv. Summ. PD JUL 25 PY 2014 VL 63 IS 7 BP 1 EP 13 PG 13 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AM9BF UT WOS:000340173700001 PM 25054277 ER PT J AU Stokley, S Jeyarajah, J Yankey, D Cano, M Gee, J Roark, J Curtis, CR Markowitz, L AF Stokley, Shannon Jeyarajah, Jenny Yankey, David Cano, Maria Gee, Julianne Roark, Jill Curtis, C. Robinette Markowitz, Lauri TI Human Papillomavirus Vaccination Coverage Among Adolescents, 2007-2013, and Postlicensure Vaccine Safety Monitoring, 2006-2014-United States SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article C1 [Stokley, Shannon; Jeyarajah, Jenny; Yankey, David; Curtis, C. Robinette] CDC, Immunizat Serv Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Cano, Maria; Gee, Julianne] CDC, Immunizat Safety Off, Natl Ctr Emerging Zoonot & Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Roark, Jill] CDC, Hlth Commun Sci Off, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Markowitz, Lauri] CDC, Div Sexually Transmitted Dis, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Stokley, S (reprint author), CDC, Immunizat Serv Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM sstokley@cdc.gov NR 9 TC 154 Z9 155 U1 2 U2 5 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL & PREVENTION PI ATLANTA PA MAILSTOP E-90, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD JUL 25 PY 2014 VL 63 IS 29 BP 620 EP 624 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AM3XE UT WOS:000339785300003 PM 25055185 ER PT J AU Elam-Evans, LD Yankey, D Jeyarajah, J Singleton, JA Curtis, CR MacNeil, J Hariri, S AF Elam-Evans, Laurie D. Yankey, David Jeyarajah, Jenny Singleton, James A. Curtis, C. Robinette MacNeil, Jessica Hariri, Susan TI National, Regional, State, and Selected Local Area Vaccination Coverage Among Adolescents Aged 13-17 Years - United States, 2013 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article C1 [Elam-Evans, Laurie D.; Yankey, David; Jeyarajah, Jenny; Singleton, James A.; Curtis, C. Robinette] CDC, Immunizat Serv Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [MacNeil, Jessica] CDC, Div Bacterial Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Hariri, Susan] CDC, Div Sexually Transmitted Dis, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Elam-Evans, LD (reprint author), CDC, Immunizat Serv Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM lxel@cdc.gov NR 10 TC 128 Z9 128 U1 0 U2 6 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL & PREVENTION PI ATLANTA PA MAILSTOP E-90, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD JUL 25 PY 2014 VL 63 IS 29 BP 625 EP 633 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AM3XE UT WOS:000339785300004 PM 25055186 ER PT J AU Agocs, MM Serhan, F Yen, C Mwenda, JM de Oliveira, LH Teleb, N Wasley, A Wijesinghe, PR Fox, K Tate, JE Gentsch, JR Parashar, UD Kang, G AF Agocs, Mary M. Serhan, Fatima Yen, Catherine Mwenda, Jason M. de Oliveira, Lucia H. Teleb, Nadia Wasley, Annemarie Wijesinghe, Pushpa R. Fox, Kimberley Tate, Jacqueline E. Gentsch, Jon R. Parashar, Umesh D. Kang, Gagandeep TI WHO Global Rotavirus Surveillance Network: A Strategic Review of the First 5 Years, 2008-2012 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article C1 [Agocs, Mary M.; Serhan, Fatima] WHO, Dept Immunizat Vaccines & Biol, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. [Yen, Catherine; Tate, Jacqueline E.; Gentsch, Jon R.; Parashar, Umesh D.] CDC, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Yen, Catherine] CDC, Global Immunizat Div, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Mwenda, Jason M.] WHO, Reg Off Africa, Brazzaville, Congo. [de Oliveira, Lucia H.] WHO, Reg Off Amer, Washington, DC USA. [Teleb, Nadia] WHO, Reg Off Eastern Mediterranean, Cairo, Egypt. [Wasley, Annemarie] WHO, Reg Off Europe, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. [Wijesinghe, Pushpa R.] WHO, Reg Off South East Asia, New Delhi, India. [Fox, Kimberley] WHO, Reg Off Western Pacific, Manila, Philippines. [Kang, Gagandeep] Christian Med Col, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India. RP Agocs, MM (reprint author), WHO, Dept Immunizat Vaccines & Biol, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. EM agocsm@who.int NR 7 TC 9 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 3 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL & PREVENTION PI ATLANTA PA MAILSTOP E-90, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD JUL 25 PY 2014 VL 63 IS 29 BP 634 EP 637 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AM3XE UT WOS:000339785300005 PM 25055187 ER PT J AU Bilukha, OO Jayasekaran, D Burton, A Faender, G King'ori, J Amiri, M Jessen, D Leidman, E AF Bilukha, Oleg O. Jayasekaran, Douglas Burton, Ann Faender, Gabriele King'ori, James Amiri, Mohammad Jessen, Dorte Leidman, Eva TI Nutritional Status of Women and Child Refugees from Syria - Jordan, April-May 2014 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article C1 [Bilukha, Oleg O.; Leidman, Eva] CDC, Div Global Hlth Protect, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Bilukha, OO (reprint author), CDC, Div Global Hlth Protect, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM obb0@cdc.gov OI Leidman, Eva/0000-0002-4191-5931 NR 4 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 9 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL & PREVENTION PI ATLANTA PA MAILSTOP E-90, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD JUL 25 PY 2014 VL 63 IS 29 BP 638 EP 639 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AM3XE UT WOS:000339785300006 PM 25055188 ER PT J AU Apata, IW Averhoff, F Pitman, J Bjork, A Abu Amin, JN Dhingra, N Kolwaite, A Marfin, A AF Apata, Ibironke W. Averhoff, Francisco Pitman, John Bjork, Adam Abu Amin, Jur Noryati Dhingra, Neelam Kolwaite, Amy Marfin, Anthony TI Progress Toward Prevention of Transfusion-Transmitted Hep and Hepatitis C Infection Sub-Saharan Africa, 2000-2004 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article ID VIRUS-INFECTION C1 [Apata, Ibironke W.] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Apata, Ibironke W.; Pitman, John; Bjork, Adam] CDC, Div Global HIV AIDS, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Kolwaite, Amy] CDC, Div Viral Hepatitis, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Abu Amin, Jur Noryati; Dhingra, Neelam] WHO, Geneva, Switzerland. RP Apata, IW (reprint author), CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM iapata@cdc.gov NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL & PREVENTION PI ATLANTA PA MAILSTOP E-90, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD JUL 25 PY 2014 VL 63 IS 29 BP CP1 EP 619 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AM3XE UT WOS:000339785300002 ER PT J AU Williams-Newkirk, AJ Rowe, LA Mixson-Hayden, TR Dasch, GA AF Williams-Newkirk, Amanda Jo Rowe, Lori A. Mixson-Hayden, Tonya R. Dasch, Gregory A. TI Characterization of the Bacterial Communities of Life Stages of Free Living Lone Star Ticks (Amblyomma americanum) SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID RICKETTSIA-AMBLYOMMII; NEW-YORK; DERMACENTOR-VARIABILIS; MICROBIAL COMMUNITIES; IXODES-SCAPULARIS; BORNE PATHOGENS; NORTH-CAROLINA; SPOTTED-FEVER; UNITED-STATES; SUPERGROUP-F AB The lone star tick (Amblyomma americanum) is an abundant and aggressive biter of humans, domestic animals, and wildlife in the southeastern-central USA and an important vector of several known and suspected zoonotic bacterial pathogens. However, the biological drivers of bacterial community variation in this tick are still poorly defined. Knowing the community context in which tick-borne bacterial pathogens exist and evolve is required to fully understand the ecology and immunobiology of the ticks and to design effective public health and veterinary interventions. We performed a metagenomic survey of the bacterial communities of questing A. americanum and tested 131 individuals (66 nymphs, 24 males, and 41 females) from five sites in three states. Pyrosequencing was performed with barcoded eubacterial primers targeting variable 16S rRNA gene regions 5-3. The bacterial communities were dominated by Rickettsia (likely R. amblyommii) and an obligate Coxiella symbiont, together accounting for 6.7-100% of sequences per tick. DNAs from Midichloria, Borrelia, Wolbachia, Ehrlichia, Pseudomonas, or unidentified Bacillales, Enterobacteriaceae, or Rhizobiales groups were also detected frequently. Wolbachia and Midichloria significantly co-occurred in Georgia (p < 0.00001), but not in other states. The significance of the Midichloria-Wolbachia co-occurrence is unknown. Among ticks collected in Georgia, nymphs differed from adults in both the composition (p = 0.002) and structure (p = 0.002) of their bacterial communities. Adults differed only in their community structure (p = 0.002) with males containing more Rickettsia and females containing more Coxiella. Comparisons among adult ticks collected in New York and North Carolina supported the findings from the Georgia collection despite differences in geography, collection date, and sample handling, implying that the differences detected are consistent attributes. The data also suggest that some members of the bacterial community change during the tick life cycle and that some sex-specific attributes may be detectable in nymphs. C1 [Williams-Newkirk, Amanda Jo] Emory Univ, Coll Arts & Sci, Dept Environm Sci, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Williams-Newkirk, Amanda Jo] Emory Univ, Grad Program Populat Biol Ecol & Evolut, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Williams-Newkirk, Amanda Jo; Dasch, Gregory A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Rickettsial Zoonoses Branch, Div Vector Borne Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Rowe, Lori A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Biotechnol Core Facil Branch, Natl Ctr Emerging Zoonot Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Mixson-Hayden, Tonya R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Branch Lab, Div Viral Hepatitis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Williams-Newkirk, AJ (reprint author), Emory Univ, Coll Arts & Sci, Dept Environm Sci, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. EM IGY7@CDC.GOV OI Williams-Newkirk, Amanda/0000-0002-3466-2921 FU United States Congressional FX This work was funded in part by the appointment of A. J. Williams-Newkirk to the Research Participation Program at the CDC administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education. The remainder of the funding was provided by United States Congressional funding to the Department of Health and Human Services and the Department of Homeland Security. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 73 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 35 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUL 23 PY 2014 VL 9 IS 7 AR e102130 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0102130 PG 14 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AM1NT UT WOS:000339614100032 PM 25054227 ER PT J AU Upreti, SR Gurung, S Patel, M Dixit, SM Krause, LK Shakya, G Wannemuehler, K Rajbhandari, R Bohara, R Schluter, WW AF Upreti, Shyam Raj Gurung, Santosh Patel, Minal Dixit, Sameer M. Krause, L. Kendall Shakya, Geeta Wannemuehler, Kathleen Rajbhandari, Rajesh Bohara, Rajendra Schluter, W. William TI Prevalence of chronic hepatitis B virus infection before and after implementation of a hepatitis B vaccination program among children in Nepal SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Hepatitis B virus; Nepal; Seroprevalence; Vaccine ID BLOOD-DONORS; HBSAG; SEROPREVALENCE; IMMUNIZATION; PREVENTION; CARRIERS; INFANTS; MODEL; MEN AB Background: In Nepal, an estimated 2-4% of the population has chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. To combat this problem, from 2002 to 2004, a national three dose hepatitis B vaccination program was implemented to decrease infection rates among children. The program does not currently include a birth dose to prevent perinatal HBV transmission. In 2012, to assess the impact of the program, we conducted a serosurvey among children born before and after vaccine introduction. Methods: In 2012, a cross-sectional nationally representative stratified cluster survey was conducted to estimate hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) prevalence among children born from 2006 to 2007 (post-vaccine cohort) and among children born from 2000 to 2002 (pre-vaccine cohort). Demographic data, as well as written and oral vaccination history were collected. All children were tested for HBsAg; mothers of HBsAg positive children were also tested. Furthermore, we evaluated the field sensitivity and specificity of the SD Bioline HBsAg rapid diagnostic test by comparing results with an enzyme immunoassay. Results: Among 2181 post-vaccination cohort children with vaccination data by either card or recall, 86% (95% confidence interval [CI] 77-95%) received >= 3 hepatitis B vaccine doses. Of 1200 children born in the pre-vaccination cohort, 0.28% (95% CI 0.09-0.85%) were positive for HBsAg; of 2187 children born in the post-vaccination cohort, 0.13% (95% Cl 0.04-0.39%) were positive for HBsAg (p = 0.39). Of the six children who tested positive for HBsAg, two had mothers who were positive for HBsAg. Finally, we found the SD Bioline HBsAg rapid diagnostic test to have a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 100%. Conclusions: This is the first nationally representative hepatitis B serosurvey conducted in Nepal. Overall, a low burden of chronic HBV infection was found in children born in both the pre and post-vaccination cohorts. Current vaccination strategies should be continued. (C) 2014 Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Upreti, Shyam Raj] Minist Hlth & Populat, Child Hlth Div, Dept Hlth Serv, Kathmandu, Nepal. [Gurung, Santosh; Bohara, Rajendra; Schluter, W. William] World Hlth Org, Expanded Programme Immunizat, Kathmandu, Nepal. [Patel, Minal; Wannemuehler, Kathleen] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global Immunizat Div, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Dixit, Sameer M.; Rajbhandari, Rajesh] Ctr Mol Dynam Nepal, Kathmandu, Nepal. [Shakya, Geeta] Minist Hlth & Populat, Dept Hlth Serv, Natl Publ Hlth Lab, Kathmandu, Nepal. RP Patel, M (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global Immunizat Div, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM drshyam@hotmail.com; gurungs@searo.who.int; hgo9@cdc.gov; s.dixit@cmdn.org; kendallkrause@gmail.com; geeta.nphl@gmail.com; kpw9@cdc.gov; r.rajbhandari@cmdn.org; boharar@SEARO.WHO.INT; schluterw@wpro.who.int FU WHO FX The authors would like to thank the Child Health Division (MoHP) for initiating the study. We would also like to thank the surveillance medical officers and team members of WHO-IPD, CMDN and NPHL who carried out this study, and the NHRC Ethical Review board for their timely clearance of the research proposal. We thank WHO for funding this survey. Furthermore, we would like to thank the field researchers, data collectors, coordinators, and supervisors who were fastidious in ensuring accurate reporting from the field, as well as the district officers and health care workers who supported this evaluation. Most importantly, we would like to thank all the participants of the study, without which, this study would not have been possible. NR 32 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X EI 1873-2518 J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD JUL 23 PY 2014 VL 32 IS 34 BP 4304 EP 4309 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2014.06.027 PG 6 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA AM3SY UT WOS:000339774300010 PM 24951865 ER PT J AU Johnson, AS Hall, HI Hu, XH Lansky, A Holtgrave, DR Mermin, J AF Johnson, Anna Satcher Hall, H. Irene Hu, Xiaohong Lansky, Amy Holtgrave, David R. Mermin, Jonathan TI Trends in Diagnoses of HIV Infection in the United States. 2002-2011 SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Letter ID RISK BEHAVIORS C1 [Johnson, Anna Satcher; Hall, H. Irene; Hu, Xiaohong; Lansky, Amy] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Holtgrave, David R.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. [Mermin, Jonathan] CDC, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Johnson, AS (reprint author), CDC, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, 1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM ats5@cdc.gov NR 6 TC 50 Z9 50 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 330 N WABASH AVE, STE 39300, CHICAGO, IL 60611-5885 USA SN 0098-7484 EI 1538-3598 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD JUL 23 PY 2014 VL 312 IS 4 BP 432 EP 434 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA AL6QN UT WOS:000339257800030 PM 25038362 ER PT J AU Cheng, Q Gatton, ML Barnwell, J Chiodini, P McCarthy, J Bell, D Cunningham, J AF Cheng, Qin Gatton, Michelle L. Barnwell, John Chiodini, Peter McCarthy, James Bell, David Cunningham, Jane TI Plasmodium falciparum parasites lacking histidine-rich protein 2 and 3: a review and recommendations for accurate reporting SO MALARIA JOURNAL LA English DT Review ID RAPID DIAGNOSTIC-TESTS; SEQUENCE VARIATION; MALARIA; PFHRP2; CHILDREN; DELETION; GENES; PERFORMANCE; MANAGEMENT; BREAKAGE AB Malaria rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) play a critical role in malaria case management, surveillance and case investigations. Test performance is largely determined by design and quality characteristics, such as detection sensitivity, specificity, and thermal stability. However, parasite characteristics such as variable or absent expression of antigens targeted by RDTs can also affect RDT performance. Plasmodium falciparum parasites lacking the PfHRP2 protein, the most common target antigen for detection of P. falciparum, have been reported in some regions. Therefore, accurately mapping the presence and prevalence of P. falciparum parasites lacking pfhrp2 would be an important step so that RDTs targeting alternative antigens, or microscopy, can be preferentially selected for use in such regions. Herein the available evidence and molecular basis for identifying malaria parasites lacking PfHRP2 is reviewed, and a set of recommended procedures to apply for future investigations for parasites lacking PfHRP2, is proposed. C1 [Cheng, Qin] Australian Army Malaria Inst, Brisbane, Qld, Australia. [Gatton, Michelle L.] Queensland Univ Technol, Sch Publ Hlth & Social Work, Brisbane, Qld 4001, Australia. [Barnwell, John] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Malaria Branch, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Chiodini, Peter] London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, Hosp Trop Dis, London WC1, England. [McCarthy, James] QIMR Berghofer Med Res Inst, Brisbane, Qld, Australia. [Cunningham, Jane] WHO, Global Malaria Programme, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. RP Cunningham, J (reprint author), WHO, Global Malaria Programme, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. EM cunninghamj@who.int OI Chiodini, Peter/0000-0003-0317-7090; Gatton, Michelle/0000-0003-1188-609X FU National Institute for Health Research University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre FX PLC is supported by the National Institute for Health Research University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre. NR 35 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 2 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1475-2875 J9 MALARIA J JI Malar. J. PD JUL 22 PY 2014 VL 13 AR 283 DI 10.1186/1475-2875-13-283 PG 8 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA AN5LW UT WOS:000340633700001 PM 25052298 ER PT J AU Blake, IM Martin, R Goel, A Khetsuriani, N Everts, J Wolff, C Wassilak, S Aylward, RB Grassly, NC AF Blake, Isobel M. Martin, Rebecca Goel, Ajay Khetsuriani, Nino Everts, Johannes Wolff, Christopher Wassilak, Steven Aylward, R. Bruce Grassly, Nicholas C. TI The role of older children and adults in wild poliovirus transmission SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE epidemiology; infectious diseases; mathematical modeling ID POLIOMYELITIS OUTBREAK; POINTE-NOIRE; CONGO; POPULATION; EPIDEMIC; VACCINES; IMMUNITY AB As polio eradication inches closer, the absence of poliovirus circulation in most of the world and imperfect vaccination coverage are resulting in immunity gaps and polio outbreaks affecting adults. Furthermore, imperfect, waning intestinal immunity among older children and adults permits reinfection and poliovirus shedding, prompting calls to extend the age range of vaccination campaigns even in the absence of cases in these age groups. The success of such a strategy depends on the contribution to poliovirus transmission by older ages, which has not previously been estimated. We fit a mathematical model of poliovirus transmission to time series data from two large outbreaks that affected adults (Tajikistan 2010, Republic of Congo 2010) using maximum-likelihood estimation based on iterated particle-filtering methods. In Tajikistan, the contribution of unvaccinated older children and adults to transmission was minimal despite a significant number of cases in these age groups [reproduction number, R = 0.46 (95% confidence interval, 0.42-0.52) for > 5-y-olds compared to 2.18 (2.06-2.45) for 0-to 5-y-olds]. In contrast, in the Republic of Congo, the contribution of older children and adults was significant [R = 1.85 (1.83-4.00)], perhaps reflecting sanitary and socioeconomic variables favoring efficient virus transmission. In neither setting was there evidence for a significant role of imperfect intestinal immunity in the transmission of poliovirus. Bringing the immunization response to the Tajikistan outbreak forward by 2 wk would have prevented an additional 130 cases (21%), highlighting the importance of early outbreak detection and response. C1 [Blake, Isobel M.; Grassly, Nicholas C.] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, MRC, Ctr Outbreak Anal & Modelling, Dept Infect Dis Epidemiol, London W2 1PG, England. [Martin, Rebecca] WHO, Reg Off Europe, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. [Martin, Rebecca; Khetsuriani, Nino; Wassilak, Steven] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global Immunizat Div, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Goel, Ajay; Everts, Johannes; Wolff, Christopher; Aylward, R. Bruce] WHO, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. RP Blake, IM (reprint author), Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, MRC, Ctr Outbreak Anal & Modelling, Dept Infect Dis Epidemiol, London W2 1PG, England. EM isobel.blake@imperial.ac.uk OI Grassly, Nicholas/0000-0001-6067-4507 FU Polio Research Committee of the World Health Organization; Royal Society; Medical Research Council FX We acknowledge the assistance of Ben Lopman, Minal Patel, and Kim Porter, and the efforts of all those involved in the epidemiological investigations and laboratory testing of the polio outbreaks in Tajikistan and the Republic of Congo. This work was supported by a grant from the Polio Research Committee of the World Health Organization, the Royal Society, and Centre funding from the Medical Research Council. NR 30 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 9 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD JUL 22 PY 2014 VL 111 IS 29 BP 10604 EP 10609 DI 10.1073/pnas.1323688111 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AL7JS UT WOS:000339310700053 PM 25002465 ER PT J AU Hickox, KL Williams, N Beck, LF Coleman, T Fudenberg, J Robinson, B Middaugh, J AF Hickox, Kaci L. Williams, Nancy Beck, Laurie F. Coleman, Tom Fudenberg, John Robinson, Byron Middaugh, John TI Pedestrian Traffic Deaths Among Residents, Visitors, and Homeless Persons - Clark County, Nevada, 2008-2011 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article C1 [Hickox, Kaci L.] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Hickox, Kaci L.; Williams, Nancy; Coleman, Tom; Middaugh, John] Southern Nevada Hlth Dist, Las Vegas, NV USA. [Beck, Laurie F.] CDC, Div Unintent Injury Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Fudenberg, John] Nevada Off Coroner Med Examiner, Reno, NV USA. [Robinson, Byron] CDC, Div Sci Educ & Profess Dev, Ctr Surveillance Epidemiol & Lab Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Hickox, KL (reprint author), CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM khickox@cdc.gov NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL & PREVENTION PI ATLANTA PA MAILSTOP E-90, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD JUL 18 PY 2014 VL 63 IS 28 BP 597 EP 602 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AL5LW UT WOS:000339176200001 PM 25029111 ER PT J AU Iyengar, PJ Wamala, J Ratto, J Blanton, C Malimbo, M Lukwago, L Becknell, S Downing, R Bunga, S Sejvar, J Makumbi, I AF Iyengar, Preetha J. Wamala, Joseph Ratto, Jeffrey Blanton, Curtis Malimbo, Mugagga Lukwago, Luswa Becknell, Steven Downing, Robert Bunga, Sudhir Sejvar, James Makumbi, Issa TI Prevalence of Nodding Syndrome - Uganda, 2012-2013 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article ID SUDAN C1 [Iyengar, Preetha J.] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Wamala, Joseph; Malimbo, Mugagga; Lukwago, Luswa; Makumbi, Issa] Uganda Minist Hlth, Kampala, Uganda. [Ratto, Jeffrey; Blanton, Curtis; Bunga, Sudhir] CDC, Div Global Hlth Protect, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Becknell, Steven; Downing, Robert] CDC, Div Global HIV AIDS, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Sejvar, James] CDC, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, Natl Ctr Emerging Zoonot & Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Iyengar, PJ (reprint author), CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM piyengar@cdc.gov NR 10 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL & PREVENTION PI ATLANTA PA MAILSTOP E-90, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD JUL 18 PY 2014 VL 63 IS 28 BP 603 EP 606 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AL5LW UT WOS:000339176200002 PM 25029112 ER PT J AU Cuffe, K Stauffer, W Painter, J Shetty, S Montour, J Zhou, WG AF Cuffe, Kendra Stauffer, William Painter, John Shetty, Sharmila Montour, Jessica Zhou, Weigong TI Update: Vitamin B12 Deficiency Among Bhutanese Refugees Resettling in the United States, 2012 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article C1 [Cuffe, Kendra; Painter, John; Shetty, Sharmila; Zhou, Weigong] CDC, Div Global Migrat & Quarantine, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Stauffer, William] Univ Minnesota, Div Infect Dis & Int Med, Sch Med, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Montour, Jessica] Texas Dept Hlth Serv, Refugee Hlth Program, Austin, TX USA. RP Cuffe, K (reprint author), CDC, Div Global Migrat & Quarantine, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM kcuffe@cdc.gov NR 1 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 5 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL & PREVENTION PI ATLANTA PA MAILSTOP E-90, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD JUL 18 PY 2014 VL 63 IS 28 BP 607 EP 607 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AL5LW UT WOS:000339176200003 PM 25029113 ER PT J AU Gregg, EW Williams, DE Geiss, L AF Gregg, Edward W. Williams, Desmond E. Geiss, Linda TI Changes in Diabetes-Related Complications in the United States REPLY SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Letter C1 [Gregg, Edward W.; Williams, Desmond E.; Geiss, Linda] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Gregg, EW (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM edg7@cdc.gov NR 5 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SOC PI WALTHAM PA WALTHAM WOODS CENTER, 860 WINTER ST,, WALTHAM, MA 02451-1413 USA SN 0028-4793 EI 1533-4406 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD JUL 17 PY 2014 VL 371 IS 3 BP 286 EP 287 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA AL3BK UT WOS:000338999800023 PM 25014698 ER PT J AU Akullian, A Kohler, P Kinuthia, J Laserson, K Mills, LA Okanda, J Olilo, G Ombok, M Odhiambo, F Rao, D Wakefield, J John-Stewart, G AF Akullian, Adam Kohler, Pamela Kinuthia, John Laserson, Kayla Mills, Lisa A. Okanda, John Olilo, George Ombok, Maurice Odhiambo, Frank Rao, Deepa Wakefield, Jonathan John-Stewart, Grace TI Geographic distribution of HIV stigma among women of childbearing age in rural Kenya SO AIDS LA English DT Article DE community-level interventions; geographic information systems; HIV stigma; maternal and child health; spatial epidemiology ID TO-CHILD TRANSMISSION; AIDS STIGMA; HEALTH; HIV/AIDS; SERVICES; DISCRIMINATION; PREVENTION; BARRIERS; BEHAVIOR; ILLNESS AB Objective(s): HIV stigma is considered to be a major driver of the HIV/AIDS pandemic, yet there is a limited understanding of its occurrence. We describe the geographic patterns of two forms of HIV stigma in a cross-sectional sample of women of childbearing age from western Kenya: internalized stigma (associated with shame) and externalized stigma (associated with blame). Design: Geographic studies of HIV stigma provide a first step in generating hypotheses regarding potential community-level causes of stigma and may lead to more effective community-level interventions. Methods: Spatial regression using generalized additive models and point pattern analyses using K-functions were used to assess the spatial scale(s) at which each form of HIV stigma clusters, and to assess whether the spatial clustering of each stigma indicator was present after adjustment for individual-level characteristics. Results: There was evidence that externalized stigma (blame) was geographically heterogeneous across the study area, even after controlling for individual-level factors (P = 0.01). In contrast, there was less evidence (P = 0.70) of spatial trend or clustering of internalized stigma (shame). Conclusion: Our results may point to differences in the underlying social processes motivating each form of HIV stigma. Externalized stigma may be driven more by cultural beliefs disseminated within communities, whereas internalized stigma may be the result of individual-level characteristics outside the domain of community influence. These data may inform community-level interventions to decrease HIV-related stigma, and thus impact the HIV epidemic. (C) 2014 Wolters Kluwer Health vertical bar Lippincott Williams & Wilkins C1 [Akullian, Adam; John-Stewart, Grace] Univ Washington, Sch Publ Hlth & Community Med, Dept Epidemiol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Kohler, Pamela; Rao, Deepa; John-Stewart, Grace] Univ Washington, Sch Publ Hlth, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Kohler, Pamela; Rao, Deepa; John-Stewart, Grace] Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Global Hlth, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Kohler, Pamela] Univ Washington, Sch Nursing, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Wakefield, Jonathan] Univ Washington, Dept Stat, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Kinuthia, John] Univ Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya. [Mills, Lisa A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Mills, Lisa A.; Okanda, John; Olilo, George; Ombok, Maurice; Odhiambo, Frank] Kenya Med Res Inst CDC Res & Publ Hlth Collaborat, Kisumu, Kenya. [Laserson, Kayla] CDC, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Akullian, A (reprint author), Univ Washington, Sch Publ Hlth & Community Med, Dept Epidemiol, Box 357236, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. EM akullian@u.washington.edu FU National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship Program [DGE-0718124]; A Kenya Free of AIDS Project 2 [HD056799]; University of Washington Center for AIDS Research [AI027757]; NIH [HD054314-06] FX The material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship Program (Grant No. DGE-0718124), 'A Kenya Free of AIDS Project 2' (Grant No. HD056799), the University of Washington Center for AIDS Research (Grant No. AI027757), and the NIH K24 Grant: 'Pediatric HIV-1 in Africa: Pathogenesis and Management' (Grant No. HD054314-06). The authors would also like to thank the Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI) research community and the KEMRI director for their support. NR 27 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0269-9370 EI 1473-5571 J9 AIDS JI Aids PD JUL 17 PY 2014 VL 28 IS 11 BP 1665 EP 1672 DI 10.1097/QAD.0000000000000318 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA AK7YW UT WOS:000338645000013 PM 24835356 ER PT J AU Raphael, BH Shirey, TB Luquez, C Maslanka, SE AF Raphael, Brian H. Shirey, Timothy B. Luquez, Carolina Maslanka, Susan E. TI Distinguishing highly-related outbreak-associated Clostridium botulinum type A(B) strains SO BMC MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Botulism; Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis; Multi-loci variable number of tandem repeat analysis; Comparative genomic analysis; Single nucleotide polymorphism ID TANDEM-REPEAT ANALYSIS; NEUROTOXIN GENES; CHILI SAUCE; DIFFERENTIATION; DIVERSITY AB Background: In the United States, most Clostridium botulinum type A strains isolated during laboratory investigations of human botulism demonstrate the presence of an expressed type A botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT/A) gene and an unexpressed BoNT/B gene. These strains are designated type A(B). The most common pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) pattern in the C. botulinum PulseNet database is composed of A(B) strains. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the ability of genome sequencing and multi-loci variable number of tandem repeat analysis (MLVA) to differentiate such strains. Results: The genome sequences of type A(B) strains evaluated in this study are closely related and cluster together compared to other available C. botulinum Group I genomes. In silico multilocus sequence typing (MLST) analysis (7-loci) was unable to differentiate any of the type A(B) strains isolated from seven different outbreak investigations evaluated in this study. A 15-locus MLVA scheme demonstrated an improved ability to differentiate these strains, however, repeat unit variation among the strains was restricted to only two loci. Reference-free single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) analysis demonstrated the ability to differentiate strains from all of the outbreaks examined and a non-outbreak associated strain. Conclusions: This study confirms that type A(B) strains that share the same PFGE pattern also share closely-related genome sequences. The lack of a complete type A(B) strain representative genome sequence hinders the ability to assemble genomes by reference mapping and analysis of SNPs at pre-identified sites. However, compared to other methods evaluated in this study, a reference free SNP analysis demonstrated optimal subtyping utility for type A(B) strains using de novo assembled genome sequences. C1 [Raphael, Brian H.] Ctr Dis Control, Enter Dis Lab Branch, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. Ctr Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Raphael, BH (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control, Enter Dis Lab Branch, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM BRaphael@cdc.gov OI Raphael, Brian/0000-0003-2778-2623 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Office of Public Health Preparedness and Response; Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education fellowship FX This publication was supported by funds made available from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Office of Public Health Preparedness and Response. TBS was supported by an Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education fellowship. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 21 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 9 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2180 J9 BMC MICROBIOL JI BMC Microbiol. PD JUL 16 PY 2014 VL 14 AR 192 DI 10.1186/1471-2180-14-192 PG 8 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA AM0HC UT WOS:000339524000001 PM 25031122 ER PT J AU Idoko, OT Okolo, SN Plikaytis, B Akinsola, A Viviani, S Borrow, R Carlone, G Findlow, H Elie, C Kulkarni, PS Preziosi, MP Ota, M Kampmann, B AF Idoko, Olubukola T. Okolo, Seline N. Plikaytis, Brian Akinsola, Adebayo Viviani, Simonetta Borrow, Ray Carlone, George Findlow, Helen Elie, Cheryl Kulkarni, Prasad S. Preziosi, Marie-Pierre Ota, Martin Kampmann, Beate TI The impact of pre-existing antibody on subsequent immune responses to meningococcal A-containing vaccines SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Meningococcal A; Antibody; Pre-existing; Immune response; Conjugate vaccine ID MENINGITIDIS SEROGROUP-A; CONJUGATE VACCINE; NEISSERIA-MENINGITIDIS; CAPSULAR POLYSACCHARIDE; EPIDEMIC MENINGITIS; BURKINA-FASO; AFRICA; DISEASE; PERSISTENCE; SAFETY AB Major epidemics of serogroup A meningococcal meningitis continue to affect the African meningitis belt. The development of an affordable conjugate vaccine against the disease became a priority for World Health Organization (WHO) in the late 1990s. Licensing of meningococcal vaccines has been based on serological correlates of protection alone, but such correlates might differ in different geographical regions. If high pre-vaccination antibody concentrations/titers impacts on the response to vaccination and possibly vaccine efficacy, is not clearly understood. We set out to define the pre-vaccination Meningococcal group A (Men A) antibody concentrations/titers in The Gambia and study their impact on the immunogenicity of Men A containing vaccines. Data from subjects originally enrolled in studies to test the safety and immunogenicity of the MenA vaccine recently developed for Africa meningococcal A polysaccharide conjugated to tetanus toxoid, MenAfriVac (R) (PsA-TT) were analyzed. Participants had been randomized to receive either the study vaccine PsA-TT or the reference quadrivalent plain polysaccharide vaccine containing meningococcal groups A, C, W, and Y, Mencevax (R) ACWY, GlaxoSmithKline (PsACWY) in a 2:1 ratio. Venous blood samples were collected before and 28 days after vaccination. Antibodies were assayed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for geometric mean concentrations and serum bactericidal antibody (SBA) for functional antibody. The inter age group differences were compared using ANOVA and the pre and post-vaccination differences by t test. Over 80% of the >= 19 year olds had pre-vaccination antibody concentrations above putatively protective concentrations as compared to only 10% of 1-2 year olds. Ninety-five percent of those who received the study vaccine had >= 4-fold antibody responses if they had low pre-vaccination concentrations compared to 76% of those with high pre-vaccination concentrations. All subjects with low pre-vaccination titers attained >= 4-fold responses as compared to 76% with high titers where study vaccine was received. Our data confirm the presence of high pre-vaccination Men A antibody concentrations/titers within the African meningitis belt, with significantly higher concentrations in older individuals. Although all participants had significant increase in antibody levels following vaccination, the four-fold or greater response in antibody titers were significantly higher in individuals with lower pre-existing antibody titers, especially after receiving PsA-TT. This finding may have some implications for vaccination strategies adopted in the future. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Idoko, Olubukola T.; Akinsola, Adebayo; Ota, Martin; Kampmann, Beate] MRC Unit, Serrekunda, Gambia. [Okolo, Seline N.] Univ Jos, Teaching Hosp, Jos, Nigeria. [Plikaytis, Brian; Carlone, George; Elie, Cheryl] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Viviani, Simonetta] PATH Europe, Meningitis Vaccine Project, F-01210 Ferney Voltaire, France. [Borrow, Ray; Findlow, Helen] Manchester Royal Infirm, Vaccine Evaluat Unit, Publ Hlth England, Manchester M13 9WL, Lancs, England. [Kulkarni, Prasad S.] Serum Inst India Ltd, Pune 411028, Maharashtra, India. [Preziosi, Marie-Pierre] WHO, MVP, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. [Ota, Martin] WHO Reg Off Africa, Brazzaville, Congo. [Kampmann, Beate] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Acad Dept Paediat, London W2 1NY, England. RP Idoko, OT (reprint author), MRC Unit, POB 273, Serrekunda, Gambia. EM oidoko@mrc.gm FU Medical Research Council [MC_UP_A900_1122, MC_UP_A900_1115]; World Health Organization [001] NR 46 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X EI 1873-2518 J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD JUL 16 PY 2014 VL 32 IS 33 BP 4220 EP 4227 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2014.04.052 PG 8 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA AM1JO UT WOS:000339602400016 PM 24863486 ER PT J AU O'Callaghan, JP Kelly, KA VanGilder, RL Sofroniew, MV Miller, DB AF O'Callaghan, James P. Kelly, Kimberly A. VanGilder, Reyna L. Sofroniew, Michael V. Miller, Diane B. TI Early Activation of STAT3 Regulates Reactive Astrogliosis Induced by Diverse Forms of Neurotoxicity SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID FIBRILLARY ACIDIC PROTEIN; SPINAL-CORD-INJURY; INDUCED SICKNESS BEHAVIOR; NECROSIS-FACTOR-ALPHA; UP-REGULATION; SUBSTITUTED AMPHETAMINES; MICROGLIAL ACTIVATION; QUANTITATIVE ASPECTS; BRAIN INFLAMMATION; SIGNALING PATHWAY AB Astrogliosis, a cellular response characterized by astrocytic hypertrophy and accumulation of GFAP, is a hallmark of all types of central nervous system (CNS) injuries. Potential signaling mechanisms driving the conversion of astrocytes into "reactive'' phenotypes differ with respect to the injury models employed and can be complicated by factors such as disruption of the blood-brain barrier (BBB). As denervation tools, neurotoxicants have the advantage of selective targeting of brain regions and cell types, often with sparing of the BBB. Previously, we found that neuroinflammation and activation of the JAK2-STAT3 pathway in astrocytes precedes up regulation of GFAP in the MPTP mouse model of dopaminergic neurotoxicity. Here we show that multiple mechanistically distinct mouse models of neurotoxicity (MPTP, AMP, METH, MDA, MDMA, KA, TMT) engender the same neuroinflammatory and STAT3 activation responses in specific regions of the brain targeted by each neurotoxicant. The STAT3 effects seen for TMT in the mouse could be generalized to the rat, demonstrating cross-species validity for STAT3 activation. Pharmacological antagonists of the neurotoxic effects blocked neuroinflammatory responses, pSTAT3(tyr705) and GFAP induction, indicating that damage to neuronal targets instigated astrogliosis. Selective deletion of STAT3 from astrocytes in STAT3 conditional knockout mice markedly attenuated MPTP-induced astrogliosis. Monitoring STAT3 translocation in GFAP-positive cells indicated that effects of MPTP, METH and KA on pSTAT3(tyr705) were localized to astrocytes. These findings strongly implicate the STAT3 pathway in astrocytes as a broadly triggered signaling pathway for astrogliosis. We also observed, however, that the acute neuroinflammatory response to the known inflammogen, LPS, can activate STAT3 in CNS tissue without inducing classical signs of astrogliosis. Thus, acute phase neuroinflammatory responses and neurotoxicity-induced astrogliosis both signal through STAT3 but appear to do so through different modules, perhaps localized to different cell types. C1 [O'Callaghan, James P.; Kelly, Kimberly A.; Miller, Diane B.] NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [VanGilder, Reyna L.] W Virginia Univ, Sch Pharm, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. [Sofroniew, Michael V.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, David Geffen Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. RP O'Callaghan, JP (reprint author), NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM Jdo5@cdc.gov RI Kelly, Kimberly/J-9834-2012 OI Kelly, Kimberly/0000-0002-1146-3137 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health FX This study was funded by intramural funds from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 77 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 8 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUL 15 PY 2014 VL 9 IS 7 AR e102003 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0102003 PG 17 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AM6RN UT WOS:000339992400034 PM 25025494 ER PT J AU Khoury, MJ AF Khoury, Muin J. TI A Primer Series on -Omic Technologies for the Practice of Epidemiology SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Khoury, Muin J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Publ Hlth Genom, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Khoury, Muin J.] NCI, Epidemiol & Genom Res Program, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Khoury, MJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Publ Hlth Genom, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mail Stop E61, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM muk1@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 5 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 EI 1476-6256 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD JUL 15 PY 2014 VL 180 IS 2 BP 127 EP 128 DI 10.1093/aje/kwu141 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AM4FM UT WOS:000339808700001 PM 24966223 ER PT J AU Reed, C Chaves, SS Perez, A D'Mello, T Kirley, PD Aragon, D Meek, JI Farley, MM Ryan, P Lynfield, R Morin, CA Hancock, EB Bennett, NM Zansky, SM Thomas, A Lindegren, ML Schaffner, W Finelli, L AF Reed, Carrie Chaves, Sandra S. Perez, Alejandro D'Mello, Tiffany Kirley, Pamala Daily Aragon, Deborah Meek, James I. Farley, Monica M. Ryan, Patricia Lynfield, Ruth Morin, Craig A. Hancock, Emily B. Bennett, Nancy M. Zansky, Shelley M. Thomas, Ann Lindegren, Mary Louise Schaffner, William Finelli, Lyn TI Complications Among Adults Hospitalized With Influenza: A Comparison of Seasonal Influenza and the 2009 H1N1 Pandemic SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE seasonal influenza; pandemic influenza; hospitalization; pneumonia ID UNITED-STATES; PULMONARY COMPLICATIONS; VIRUS; PNEUMONIA; DISEASE; MANIFESTATIONS; IMMUNIZATION; CALIFORNIA; INFECTION; OUTCOMES AB Background. Persons with influenza can develop complications that result in hospitalization and death. These are most commonly respiratory related, but cardiovascular or neurologic complications or exacerbations of underlying chronic medical conditions may also occur. Patterns of complications observed during pandemics may differ from typical influenza seasons, and characterizing variations in influenza-related complications can provide a better understanding of the impact of pandemics and guide appropriate clinical management and planning for the future. Methods. Using a population-based surveillance system, we compared clinical complications using International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision (ICD-9) discharge diagnosis codes in adults hospitalized with seasonal influenza (n = 5270) or 2009 pandemic influenza A(H1N1) (H1N1pdm09; n = 4962). Results. Adults hospitalized with H1N1pdm09 were younger (median age, 47 years) than those with seasonal influenza (median age, 68 years; P < .01), and differed in the frequency of certain underlying medical conditions. Whereas there was similar risk for many influenza-associated complications, after controlling for age and type of underlying medical condition, adults hospitalized with H1N1pdm09 were more likely to have lower respiratory tract complications, shock/sepsis, and organ failure than those with seasonal influenza. They were also more likely to be admitted to the intensive care unit, require mechanical ventilation, or die. Young adults, in particular, had 2-4 times the risk of severe outcomes from H1N1pdm09 than persons of the same ages with seasonal influenza. Conclusions. Although H1N1pdm09 was thought of as a relatively mild pandemic, these data highlight the impact of the 2009 pandemic on the risk of severe influenza, especially among younger adults, and the impact this virus may continue to have. C1 [Reed, Carrie; Chaves, Sandra S.; Perez, Alejandro; D'Mello, Tiffany; Finelli, Lyn] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Kirley, Pamala Daily] Calif Emerging Infect Program EIP, Oakland, CA USA. [Aragon, Deborah] Colorado Dept Publ Hlth & Environm, Denver, CO USA. [Meek, James I.] Yale Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Connecticut EIP, New Haven, CT USA. [Farley, Monica M.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Atlanta, GA USA. [Farley, Monica M.] Atlanta Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Atlanta, GA USA. [Ryan, Patricia] Maryland Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, Maryland EIP, Baltimore, MD USA. [Lynfield, Ruth; Morin, Craig A.] Minnesota Dept Hlth, Minnesota EIP, St Paul, MN USA. [Hancock, Emily B.] New Mexico Dept Hlth, New Mexico EIP, Santa Fe, NM USA. [Bennett, Nancy M.] Univ Rochester, Sch Med & Dent, Dept Med, Rochester, NY 14627 USA. [Zansky, Shelley M.] New York State Dept Hlth, Albany, NY USA. [Thomas, Ann] Oregon Publ Hlth Div, Portland, OR USA. [Lindegren, Mary Louise; Schaffner, William] Tennessee Dept Hlth, Tennesee EIP, Nashville, TN USA. RP Reed, C (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS A-32, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM ggj2@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX Financial support. The analysis and manuscript preparation were completed as part of official duties at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 28 TC 10 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 8 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 EI 1537-6591 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD JUL 15 PY 2014 VL 59 IS 2 BP 166 EP 174 DI 10.1093/cid/ciu285 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA AM2FR UT WOS:000339665700005 PM 24785230 ER PT J AU Su, S Chaves, SS Perez, A D'Mello, T Kirley, PD Yousey-Hindes, K Farley, MM Harris, M Sharangpani, R Lynfield, R Morin, C Hancock, EB Zansky, S Hollick, GE Fowler, B McDonald-Hamm, C Thomas, A Horan, V Lindegren, ML Schaffner, W Price, A Bandyopadhyay, A Fry, AM AF Su, Su Chaves, Sandra S. Perez, Alejandro D'Mello, Tiffany Kirley, Pam D. Yousey-Hindes, Kimberly Farley, Monica M. Harris, Meghan Sharangpani, Ruta Lynfield, Ruth Morin, Craig Hancock, Emily B. Zansky, Shelley Hollick, Gary E. Fowler, Brian McDonald-Hamm, Christie Thomas, Ann Horan, Vickie Lindegren, Mary Lou Schaffner, William Price, Andrea Bandyopadhyay, Ananda Fry, Alicia M. TI Comparing Clinical Characteristics Between Hospitalized Adults With Laboratory-Confirmed Influenza A and B Virus Infection SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Editorial Material DE influenza A and B virus infection; antiviral treatment; hospitalization; adult ID OUTCOMES; CHILDREN; FEATURES; SEASONS AB We challenge the notion that influenza B is milder than influenza A by finding similar clinical characteristics between hospitalized adult influenza-cases. Among patients treated with oseltamivir, length of stay and mortality did not differ by type of virus infection. C1 [Su, Su; Chaves, Sandra S.; Perez, Alejandro; D'Mello, Tiffany; Fry, Alicia M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Su, Su; D'Mello, Tiffany] Atlanta Res & Educ Fdn, Atlanta, GA USA. [Kirley, Pam D.] Calif Emerging Infect Program, Oakland, CA USA. [Yousey-Hindes, Kimberly] Yale Univ, Connecticut Emerging Infect Program, New Haven, CT USA. [Farley, Monica M.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Atlanta, GA USA. [Farley, Monica M.] Atlanta Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Atlanta, GA USA. [Harris, Meghan] Iowa Dept Publ Hlth, Des Moines, IA 50319 USA. [Sharangpani, Ruta] Michigan Dept Community Hlth, Lansing, MI USA. [Lynfield, Ruth; Morin, Craig] Minnesota Dept Hlth, St Paul, MN USA. [Hancock, Emily B.] New Mexico Dept Hlth, Santa Fe, NM USA. [Zansky, Shelley] New York State Dept Hlth, Emerging Infect Program, Albany, NY 12237 USA. [Hollick, Gary E.] Univ Rochester Sch Med & Dent, Dept Med, New York, NY USA. [Fowler, Brian] Ohio Dept Hlth, Columbus, OH 43266 USA. [McDonald-Hamm, Christie] Oklahoma Dept Hlth, Oklahoma City, OK USA. [Thomas, Ann] Oregon Publ Hlth Div, Portland, OR USA. [Horan, Vickie] South Dakota Dept Hlth, Pierre, SD USA. [Lindegren, Mary Lou; Schaffner, William] Vanderbilt Univ Sch Med, Nashville, TN USA. [Price, Andrea] Salt Lake Cty Hlth Dept, Salt Lake City, UT USA. [Bandyopadhyay, Ananda] Bill & Melinda Gates Fdn, Seattle, WA USA. RP Chaves, SS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS-A20, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM bev8@cdc.gov OI Yousey-Hindes, Kimberly/0000-0002-9418-575X; Bandyopadhyay, Ananda/0000-0002-8395-2001 FU NCHM CDC HHS [5U38HM000414] NR 12 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 EI 1537-6591 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD JUL 15 PY 2014 VL 59 IS 2 BP 252 EP 255 DI 10.1093/cid/ciu269 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA AM2FR UT WOS:000339665700016 PM 24748521 ER PT J AU Sjodin, A Schecter, A Jones, R Wong, LY Colacino, JA Malik-Bass, N Zhang, YL Anderson, S McClure, C Turner, W Calafat, AM AF Sjoedin, Andreas Schecter, Arnold Jones, Richard Wong, Lee-Yang Colacino, Justin A. Malik-Bass, Noor Zhang, Yalin Anderson, Sarah McClure, Cheryl Turner, Wayman Calafat, Antonia M. TI Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers, 2,2 ',4,4 ',5,5 '-Hexachlorobiphenyl (PCB-153), and p,p '-Dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (p,p '-DDE) Concentrations in Sera Collected in 2009 from Texas Children SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID POLYCHLORINATED-BIPHENYLS; DEVELOPMENTAL EXPOSURE; UNITED-STATES; DUST; POPULATION; BEHAVIOR; PBDE-99; MICE AB Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and p,p'-dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene (p,p'-DDE) have been measured in surplus serum collected in 2009 from a convenience sample of 300 Texas children (boys and girls) in the birth to 13 years of age range. Serum concentrations of traditional persistent organic pollutants such as 2,2',4,4',5,5'-hexachlorobiphenyl (PCB-153) and p,p'-DDE did not change consistently with age. By contrast, serum concentrations of tetra-, penta-, and hexa-BDEs were lowest in the youngest children (birth to two year old) and increased 3.0 to 7.9 times, depending on the analyte, for children in the >4 to 6 years of age group. From the apex concentration to the 10 to 13 years of age group, concentrations decreased significantly except for 2,2',4,4',5,5'-hexabromodiphenyl ether (PBDE-153), which also had a longer apex concentration of >4 to 8 years of age. This concentration trend for PBDE-153 is most likely due to a longer half-life of PBDE-153 than of other PBDE congeners. The observed PBDEs concentration patterns by age may be related, at least in part, to ingestion of residential dust containing PBDEs through hand-to-mouth behavior among toddlers, preschoolers, and kindergarteners. Further studies to characterize young children's exposure to PBDEs are warranted and, in particular, to determine the lifestyle factors that may contribute to such exposures. C1 [Sjoedin, Andreas; Jones, Richard; Wong, Lee-Yang; Zhang, Yalin; Anderson, Sarah; McClure, Cheryl; Turner, Wayman; Calafat, Antonia M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Schecter, Arnold; Malik-Bass, Noor] Univ Texas Dallas, Sch Publ Hlth, Univ Texas Dallas Reg Campus, Dallas, TX 75390 USA. [Colacino, Justin A.] Univ Michigan, Sch Publ Hlth, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RP Sjodin, A (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, 4770 Buford Highway, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM asjodin@cdc.gov RI Sjodin, Andreas/F-2464-2010 FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 25 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 21 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X EI 1520-5851 J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD JUL 15 PY 2014 VL 48 IS 14 BP 8196 EP 8202 DI 10.1021/es5016907 PG 7 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AL6FH UT WOS:000339227500064 PM 24911286 ER PT J AU Sampson, MM Chambers, DM Pazo, DY Moliere, F Blount, BC Watson, CH AF Sampson, Maureen M. Chambers, David M. Pazo, Daniel Y. Moliere, Fallon Blount, Benjamin C. Watson, Clifford H. TI Simultaneous Analysis of 22 Volatile Organic Compounds in Cigarette Smoke Using Gas Sampling Bags for High-Throughput Solid-Phase Microextraction SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID CHROMATOGRAPHY-MASS-SPECTROMETRY; MAINSTREAM SMOKE; SIDESTREAM SMOKE; JOINT EXPERIMENT; COMPONENTS; CHEMICALS AB Quantifying volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in cigarette smoke is necessary to establish smoke-related exposure estimates and evaluate emerging products and potential reduced-exposure products. In response to this need, we developed an automated, multi-VOC quantification method for machine-generated, mainstream cigarette smoke using solid-phase microextraction gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (SPME-GC-MS). This method was developed to simultaneously quantify a broad range of smoke VOCs (i.e., carbonyls and volatiles, which historically have been measured by separate assays) for large exposure assessment studies. Our approach collects and maintains vapor-phase smoke in a gas sampling bag, where it is homogenized with isotopically labeled analogue internal standards and sampled using gas-phase SPME. High throughput is achieved by SPME automation using a CTC Analytics platform and custom bag tray. This method has successfully quantified 22 structurally diverse VOCs (e.g., benzene and associated monoaromatics, aldehydes and ketones, furans, acrylonitrile, 1,3-butadiene, vinyl chloride, and nitromethane) in the microgram range in mainstream smoke from 1RSF and 3R4F research cigarettes smoked under ISO (Cambridge Filter or FTC) and Intense (Health Canada or Canadian Intense) conditions. Our results are comparable to previous studies with few exceptions. Method accuracy was evaluated with third-party reference samples (<= 15% error). Short-term diffusion losses from the gas sampling bag were minimal, with a 10% decrease in absolute response after 24 h. For most analytes, research cigarette inter- and intrarun precisions were <= 20% relative standard deviation (RSD). This method provides an accurate and robust means to quantify VOCs in cigarette smoke spanning a range of yields that is sufficient to characterize smoke exposure estimates. C1 [Sampson, Maureen M.; Chambers, David M.; Pazo, Daniel Y.; Moliere, Fallon; Blount, Benjamin C.; Watson, Clifford H.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Chambers, DM (reprint author), 4770 Buford Highway MS-F47, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM mzz7@cdc.gov OI Sampson, Maureen/0000-0003-1536-3229 FU Center for Tobacco Products at the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) FX We extend appreciation to Christopher Reese and Megan McGuigan for contributing to sample collection efforts and to Lydia Thornburg for editorial comments. This research was funded by the Center for Tobacco Products at the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The findings and conclusions in this study are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Use of trade names and commercial sources is for identification only and does not constitute endorsement by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, or the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 25 TC 12 Z9 14 U1 4 U2 70 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-2700 EI 1520-6882 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD JUL 15 PY 2014 VL 86 IS 14 BP 7088 EP 7095 DI 10.1021/ac5015518 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA AL6FG UT WOS:000339227400051 PM 24933649 ER PT J AU Yadav, K Mathur, G Ford, B Miller, R AF Yadav, K. Mathur, G. Ford, B. Miller, R. CA CDC Working Grp TI A Case Cluster of Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis Virus Transmitted Via Organ Transplantation SO TRANSPLANTATION LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT World Transplant Congress CY JUL 26-31, 2014 CL San Francisco, CA SP Amer Soc Transplant Surg, Transplantat Soc, Amer Soc Transplantat C1 [Yadav, K.; Mathur, G.; Ford, B.; Miller, R.] Univ Iowa, Carver Coll Med, Iowa City, IA USA. [CDC Working Grp] Ctr Dis Control, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0041-1337 EI 1534-6080 J9 TRANSPLANTATION JI Transplantation PD JUL 15 PY 2014 VL 98 SU 1 MA D2381 BP 768 EP 768 PG 1 WC Immunology; Surgery; Transplantation SC Immunology; Surgery; Transplantation GA AL4LN UT WOS:000339104605058 ER PT J AU Lara, J Lopez-Labrador, FX Gonzalez-Candelas, F Berenguer, M Khudyakov, YE AF Lara, James Lopez-Labrador, F. Xavier Gonzalez-Candelas, Fernando Berenguer, Marina Khudyakov, Yury E. TI Computational models of liver fibrosis progression for hepatitis C virus chronic infection SO BMC BIOINFORMATICS LA English DT Article ID RECURRENT HEPATITIS; TRANSPLANTATION; GENOTYPES; COMBINATION; STEATOSIS; CIRRHOSIS; NETWORKS AB Background: Chronic infection with hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a risk factor for liver diseases such as fibrosis, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. HCV genetic heterogeneity was hypothesized to be associated with severity of liver disease. However, no reliable viral markers predicting disease severity have been identified. Here, we report the utility of sequences from 3 HCV 1b genomic regions, Core, NS3 and NS5b, to identify viral genetic markers associated with fast and slow rate of fibrosis progression (RFP) among patients with and without liver transplantation (n = 42). Methods: A correlation-based feature selection (CFS) method was used to detect and identify RFP-relevant viral markers. Machine-learning techniques, linear projection (LP) and Bayesian Networks (BN), were used to assess and identify associations between the HCV sequences and RFP. Results: Both clustering of HCV sequences in LP graphs using physicochemical properties of nucleotides and BN analysis using polymorphic sites showed similarities among HCV variants sampled from patients with a similar RFP, while distinct HCV genetic properties were found associated with fast or slow RFP. Several RFP-relevant HCV sites were identified. Computational models parameterized using the identified sites accurately associated HCV strains with RFP in 70/30 split cross-validation (90-95% accuracy) and in validation tests (85-90% accuracy). Validation tests of the models constructed for patients with or without liver transplantation suggest that the RFP-relevant genetic markers identified in the HCV Core, NS3 and NS5b genomic regions may be useful for the prediction of RFP regardless of transplant status of patients. Conclusions: The apparent strong genetic association to RFP suggests that HCV genetic heterogeneity has a quantifiable effect on severity of liver disease, thus presenting opportunity for developing genetic assays for measuring virulence of HCV strains in clinical and public health settings. C1 [Lara, James; Khudyakov, Yury E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Lopez-Labrador, F. Xavier; Gonzalez-Candelas, Fernando; Berenguer, Marina] Joint Res Unit Genom & Hlth FISABIO Salud Publ, Valencia, Spain. [Lopez-Labrador, F. Xavier; Gonzalez-Candelas, Fernando] Univ Valencia, Valencia, Spain. [Lopez-Labrador, F. Xavier; Gonzalez-Candelas, Fernando] Inst Salud Carlos III, CIBEResp, Natl Network Ctr Res Epidemiol & Publ Hlth, Madrid, Spain. [Berenguer, Marina] Hosp Univ La Fe, Hepatol Liver Transplantat Unit, Valencia, Spain. [Berenguer, Marina] Inst Salud Carlos III, Natl Network Ctr Hepatol & Gastroenterol Res, CIBERehd, Madrid, Spain. RP Lara, J (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM jlara@cdc.gov RI Gonzalez-Candelas, Fernando/G-5681-2010 OI Gonzalez-Candelas, Fernando/0000-0002-0879-5798 FU CDC intramural funds; Fondo de Investigacion Sanitaria, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spanish Ministry of Economy Directorate of Science [PI10/00512, PI10/01734]; CIBER-ESP; Fondo de Investigacion Sanitaria, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain FX The publication costs for this article were funded by CDC intramural funds.; Supported by Fondo de Investigacion Sanitaria, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spanish Ministry of Economy Directorate of Science (Projects PI10/00512 and PI10/01734) and CIBER-ESP. FXLL holds a P.I. position supported by the Fondo de Investigacion Sanitaria, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain. NR 41 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2105 J9 BMC BIOINFORMATICS JI BMC Bioinformatics PD JUL 14 PY 2014 VL 15 SU 8 AR S5 DI 10.1186/1471-2105-15-S8-S5 PG 9 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Mathematical & Computational Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Mathematical & Computational Biology GA AU5QB UT WOS:000345660600005 PM 25081062 ER PT J AU Campo, DS Dimitrova, Z Yamasaki, L Skums, P Lau, DTY Vaughan, G Forbi, JC Teo, CG Khudyakov, Y AF Campo, David S. Dimitrova, Zoya Yamasaki, Lilian Skums, Pavel Lau, Daryl T. Y. Vaughan, Gilberto Forbi, Joseph C. Teo, Chong-Gee Khudyakov, Yury TI Next-generation sequencing reveals large connected networks of intra-host HCV variants SO BMC GENOMICS LA English DT Article ID HEPATITIS-C VIRUS; EVOLUTION; LIVER; INFECTION; RIBAVIRIN; DYNAMICS; KINETICS AB Background: Next-generation sequencing (NGS) allows for sampling numerous viral variants from infected patients. This provides a novel opportunity to represent and study the mutational landscape of Hepatitis C Virus (HCV) within a single host. Results: Intra-host variants of the HCV E1/E2 region were extensively sampled from 58 chronically infected patients. After NGS error correction, the average number of reads and variants obtained from each sample were 3202 and 464, respectively. The distance between each pair of variants was calculated and networks were created for each patient, where each node is a variant and two nodes are connected by a link if the nucleotide distance between them is 1. The work focused on large components having > 5% of all reads, which in average account for 93.7% of all reads found in a patient. The distance between any two variants calculated over the component correlated strongly with nucleotide distances (r = 0.9499; p = 0.0001), a better correlation than the one obtained with Neighbour-Joining trees (r = 0.7624; p = 0.0001). In each patient, components were well separated, with the average distance between (6.53%) being 10 times greater than within each component (0.68%). The ratio of nonsynonymous to synonymous changes was calculated and some patients (6.9%) showed a mixture of networks under strong negative and positive selection. All components were robust to in silico stochastic sampling; even after randomly removing 85% of all reads, the largest connected component in the new subsample still involved 82.4% of remaining nodes. In vitro sampling showed that 93.02% of components present in the original sample were also found in experimental replicas, with 81.6% of reads found in both. When syringe-sharing transmission events were simulated, 91.2% of all simulated transmission events seeded all components present in the source. Conclusions: Most intra-host variants are organized into distinct single-mutation components that are: well separated from each other, represent genetic distances between viral variants, robust to sampling, reproducible and likely seeded during transmission events. Facilitated by NGS, large components offer a novel evolutionary framework for genetic analysis of intra-host viral populations and understanding transmission, immune escape and drug resistance. C1 [Campo, David S.; Dimitrova, Zoya; Skums, Pavel; Vaughan, Gilberto; Forbi, Joseph C.; Teo, Chong-Gee; Khudyakov, Yury] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Yamasaki, Lilian] UNESP Sao Paulo State Univ, Dept Biol, Lab Genom Studies, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Lau, Daryl T. Y.] Harvard Univ, Beth Israel Deaconess Med Ctr, Sch Med, Liver Ctr,Div Gastroenterol, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Campo, DS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM fyv6@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX Publication costs for this article were funded by the corresponding author's institution, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 25 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 5 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2164 J9 BMC GENOMICS JI BMC Genomics PD JUL 14 PY 2014 VL 15 SU 5 AR S4 DI 10.1186/1471-2164-15-S5-S4 PG 9 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA AU5ZW UT WOS:000345682800004 PM 25081811 ER PT J AU Lange, M Fiedler, M Bankwitz, D Osburn, W Viazov, S Brovko, O Zekri, AR Khudyakov, Y Nassal, M Pumpens, P Pietschmann, T Timm, J Roggendorf, M Walker, A AF Lange, Milena Fiedler, Melanie Bankwitz, Dorothea Osburn, William Viazov, Sergei Brovko, Olena Zekri, Abdel-Rahman Khudyakov, Yury Nassal, Michael Pumpens, Paul Pietschmann, Thomas Timm, Joerg Roggendorf, Michael Walker, Andreas TI Hepatitis C Virus Hypervariable Region 1 Variants Presented on Hepatitis B Virus Capsid-Like Particles Induce Cross-Neutralizing Antibodies SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID HEPADNAVIRUS CORE PROTEINS; PHASE-I TRIAL; THERAPEUTIC VACCINES; CELL EPITOPES; INFECTION; DISPLAY; ANTIGEN; RESPONSES; CARRIER; SURFACE AB Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is still a serious global health burden. Despite improved therapeutic options, a preventative vaccine would be desirable especially in undeveloped countries. Traditionally, highly conserved epitopes are targets for antibody-based prophylactic vaccines. In HCV-infected patients, however, neutralizing antibodies are primarily directed against hypervariable region I (HVRI) in the envelope protein E2. HVRI is the most variable region of HCV, and this heterogeneity contributes to viral persistence and has thus far prevented the development of an effective HVRI-based vaccine. The primary goal of an antibody-based HCV vaccine should therefore be the induction of cross-reactive HVRI antibodies. In this study we approached this problem by presenting selected cross-reactive HVRI variants in a highly symmetric repeated array on capsid-like particles (CLPs). SplitCore CLPs, a novel particulate antigen presentation system derived from the HBV core protein, were used to deliberately manipulate the orientation of HVRI and therefore enable the presentation of conserved parts of HVRI. These HVRI-CLPs induced high titers of cross-reactive antibodies, including neutralizing antibodies. The combination of only four HVRI CLPs was sufficient to induce antibodies cross-reactive with 81 of 326 (24.8%) naturally occurring HVRI peptides. Most importantly, HVRI CLPs with AS03 as an adjuvant induced antibodies with a 10-fold increase in neutralizing capability. These antibodies were able to neutralize infectious HCVcc isolates and 4 of 19 (21%) patient-derived HCVpp isolates. Taken together, these results demonstrate that the induction of at least partially cross-neutralizing antibodies is possible. This approach might be useful for the development of a prophylactic HCV vaccine and should also be adaptable to other highly variable viruses. C1 [Lange, Milena; Fiedler, Melanie; Viazov, Sergei; Brovko, Olena; Timm, Joerg; Roggendorf, Michael; Walker, Andreas] Univ Duisburg Essen, Univ Hosp Essen, Inst Virol, Essen, Germany. [Bankwitz, Dorothea; Pietschmann, Thomas] TWINCORE, Div Expt Virol, Hannover, Germany. [Osburn, William] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Med, Baltimore, MD USA. [Zekri, Abdel-Rahman] Natl Canc Inst, Virol & Immunol Unit, Cairo, Egypt. [Khudyakov, Yury] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Nassal, Michael] Univ Hosp Freiburg, Dept Internal Med 2, Freiburg, Germany. [Pumpens, Paul] Latvian Biomed Res & Study Ctr, Dept Recombinant Biotechnol, Riga, Latvia. RP Walker, A (reprint author), Univ Duisburg Essen, Univ Hosp Essen, Inst Virol, Essen, Germany. EM Andreas.Walker@uni-due.de RI Pumpens, Paul/A-2163-2008; Pietschmann, Thomas/E-9241-2015; OI Pietschmann, Thomas/0000-0001-5138-6239; Walker, Andreas/0000-0002-8736-0863; Zekri, Abdel-Rahman/0000-0003-3939-0416 FU Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft [Fi768/6-1, KFO 117/2]; German federal ministry of education and research; YEAL-Stiftung FX This work was supported by grants from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (www.dfg.de; grant number Fi768/6-1 within the Priority program KFO 117/2) and the German federal ministry of education and research (www.bmbf.de; grant number EGY08/068). ML received a scholarship from the YEAL-Stiftung (http://www.yael-stiftung.de/). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 76 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 7 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUL 11 PY 2014 VL 9 IS 7 AR e102235 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0102235 PG 10 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AL8HH UT WOS:000339378400079 PM 25014219 ER PT J AU McGuffey, JE Wei, B Bernert, JT Morrow, JC Xia, BY Wang, LQ Blount, BC AF McGuffey, James E. Wei, Binnian Bernert, John T. Morrow, John C. Xia, Baoyun Wang, Lanqing Blount, Benjamin C. TI Validation of a LC-MS/MS Method for Quantifying Urinary Nicotine, Six Nicotine Metabolites and the Minor Tobacco Alkaloids-Anatabine and Anabasine-in Smokers' Urine SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY; PRESSURE CHEMICAL-IONIZATION; ELECTROSPRAY-IONIZATION; HUMAN PLASMA; ANALYTE RESPONSE; ION SUPPRESSION; MS-MS; BIOMARKERS; LC/MS/MS; COTININE AB Tobacco use is a major contributor to premature morbidity and mortality. The measurement of nicotine and its metabolites in urine is a valuable tool for evaluating nicotine exposure and for nicotine metabolic profiling-i.e., metabolite ratios. In addition, the minor tobacco alkaloids-anabasine and anatabine-can be useful for monitoring compliance in smoking cessation programs that use nicotine replacement therapy. Because of an increasing demand for the measurement of urinary nicotine metabolites, we developed a rapid, low-cost method that uses isotope dilution liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) for simultaneously quantifying nicotine, six nicotine metabolites, and two minor tobacco alkaloids in smokers' urine. This method enzymatically hydrolyzes conjugated nicotine (primarily glucuronides) and its metabolites. We then use acetone pretreatment to precipitate matrix components (endogenous proteins, salts, phospholipids, and exogenous enzyme) that may interfere with LC-MS/MS analysis. Subsequently, analytes (nicotine, cotinine, hydroxycotinine, norcotinine, nornicotine, cotinine N-oxide, nicotine 1'-N-oxide, anatabine, and anabasine) are chromatographically resolved within a cycle time of 13.5 minutes. The optimized assay produces linear responses across the analyte concentrations typically found in urine collected from daily smokers. Because matrix ion suppression may influence accuracy, we include a discussion of conventions employed in this procedure to minimize matrix interferences. Simplicity, low cost, low maintenance combined with high mean metabolite recovery (76-99%), specificity, accuracy (0-10% bias) and reproducibility (2-9% C.V.) make this method ideal for large high through-put studies. C1 [McGuffey, James E.; Wei, Binnian; Bernert, John T.; Morrow, John C.; Xia, Baoyun; Wang, Lanqing; Blount, Benjamin C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Tobacco & Volatiles Branch, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP McGuffey, JE (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Tobacco & Volatiles Branch, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM jem4@cdc.gov OI Wei, Binnian/0000-0003-0465-9964 FU U.S. Food and Drug Administration Center for Tobacco Products; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX This study was funded through an interagency agreement between the U.S. Food and Drug Administration Center for Tobacco Products and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The FDA had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, the decision to publish, or the preparation of the manuscript. The authors are employed by the CDC, who provided all elements involved in the study design, data collection, analysis, and preparation of the manuscript for publication. NR 46 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 4 U2 33 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUL 11 PY 2014 VL 9 IS 7 AR e101816 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0101816 PG 13 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AL8HH UT WOS:000339378400038 PM 25013964 ER PT J AU Lee-Kwan, SH Pan, LP Maynard, L Kumar, G Park, S AF Lee-Kwan, Seung Hee Pan, Liping Maynard, Leah Kumar, Gayathri Park, Sohyun TI Restaurant Menu Labeling Use Among Adults-17 States, 2012 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article ID CHAIN RESTAURANTS C1 [Lee-Kwan, Seung Hee; Kumar, Gayathri] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Lee-Kwan, Seung Hee; Pan, Liping; Maynard, Leah; Park, Sohyun] CDC, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Lee-Kwan, SH (reprint author), CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM sleekwan@cdc.gov NR 9 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 8 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL & PREVENTION PI ATLANTA PA MAILSTOP E-90, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD JUL 11 PY 2014 VL 63 IS 27 BP 581 EP 584 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AK8XH UT WOS:000338711500001 PM 25006823 ER PT J AU McKenney, J Smith, RM Chiller, TM Detels, R French, A Margolick, J Klausner, JD AF McKenney, Jennie Smith, Rachel M. Chiller, Tom M. Detels, Roger French, Audrey Margolick, Joseph Klausner, Jeffrey D. TI Prevalence and Correlates of Cryptococcal Antigen Positivity Among AIDS Patients - United States, 1986-2012 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article ID THERAPY C1 [McKenney, Jennie; Detels, Roger; Klausner, Jeffrey D.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Fielding Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. [Smith, Rachel M.; Chiller, Tom M.] CDC, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [French, Audrey] John H Stroger Jr Hosp Cook Cty, Div Infect Dis, Chicago, IL USA. [Margolick, Joseph] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Mol Microbiol & Immunol, Baltimore, MD USA. [Klausner, Jeffrey D.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, David Geffen Sch Med, Div Infect Dis, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. RP McKenney, J (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Fielding Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. EM jenniemckenney@gmail.com FU NCATS NIH HHS [UL1 TR000124]; NIAID NIH HHS [U01 AI035042, P30 AI028697, UM1 AI035043] NR 9 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL & PREVENTION PI ATLANTA PA MAILSTOP E-90, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD JUL 11 PY 2014 VL 63 IS 27 BP 585 EP 587 PG 3 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AK8XH UT WOS:000338711500002 PM 25006824 ER PT J AU Konfino, J Ferrante, D Goldberg, L Caixeta, R Palipudi, KM AF Konfino, Jonatan Ferrante, Daniel Goldberg, Lucila Caixeta, Roberta Palipudi, Krishna Mohan TI Tobacco Use Among Youths - Argentina, 2007 and 2012 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article C1 [Konfino, Jonatan; Ferrante, Daniel; Goldberg, Lucila] Argentina Minist Hlth, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Caixeta, Roberta] Pan Amer Hlth Org, Washington, DC USA. [Palipudi, Krishna Mohan] CDC, Off Smoking & Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Konfino, J (reprint author), Argentina Minist Hlth, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. EM jkonfino@msal.gov.ar NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL & PREVENTION PI ATLANTA PA MAILSTOP E-90, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD JUL 11 PY 2014 VL 63 IS 27 BP 588 EP 590 PG 3 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AK8XH UT WOS:000338711500003 PM 25006825 ER PT J AU Wallace, GS Seward, JF Pallansch, MA AF Wallace, Gregory S. Seward, Jane F. Pallansch, Mark A. TI Interim CDC Guidance for Polio Vaccination for Travel to and from Countries Affected by Wild Poliovirus SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article C1 [Wallace, Gregory S.; Seward, Jane F.; Pallansch, Mark A.] CDC, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Wallace, GS (reprint author), CDC, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM gsw2@cdc.gov NR 12 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 3 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL & PREVENTION PI ATLANTA PA MAILSTOP E-90, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD JUL 11 PY 2014 VL 63 IS 27 BP 591 EP 594 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AK8XH UT WOS:000338711500004 PM 25006826 ER PT J AU Holmes, MV Dale, CE Zuccolo, L Silverwood, RJ Guo, Y Ye, Z Prieto-Merino, D Dehghan, A Trompet, S Wong, A Cavadino, A Drogan, D Padmanabhan, S Li, S Yesupriya, A Leusink, M Sundstrom, J Hubacek, JA Pikhart, H Swerdlow, DI Panayiotou, AG Borinskaya, SA Finan, C Shah, S Kuchenbaecker, KB Shah, T Engmann, J Folkersen, L Eriksson, P Ricceri, F Melander, O Sacerdote, C Gamble, DM Rayaprolu, S Ross, OA McLachlan, S Vikhireva, O Sluijs, I Scott, RA Adamkova, V Flicker, L Van Bockxmeer, FM Power, C Marques-Vidal, P Meade, T Marmot, MG Ferro, JM Paulos-Pinheiro, S Humphries, SE Talmud, PJ Leach, IM Verweij, N Linneberg, A Skaaby, T Doevendans, PA Cramer, MJ Van der Harst, P Klungel, OH Dowling, NF Dominiczak, AF Kumari, M Nicolaides, AN Weikert, C Boeing, H Ebrahim, S Gaunt, TR Price, JF Lannfelt, L Peasey, A Kubinova, R Pajak, A Malyutina, S Voevoda, MI Tamosiunas, A Maitland-van der Zee, AH Norman, PE Hankey, GJ Bergmann, MM Hofman, A Franco, OH Cooper, J Palmen, J Spiering, W de Jong, PA Kuh, D Hardy, R Uitterlinden, AG Ikram, MA Ford, I Hyppoenen, E Almeida, OP Wareham, NJ Khaw, KT Hamsten, A Husemoen, LLN Tjonneland, A Tolstrup, JS Rimm, E Beulens, JWJ Verschuren, WMM Onland-Moret, NC Hofker, MH Wannamethee, SG Whincup, PH Morris, R Vicente, AM Watkins, H Farrall, M Jukema, JW Meschia, J Cupples, LA Sharp, SJ Fornage, M Kooperberg, C LaCroix, AZ Dai, JY Lanktree, MB Siscovick, DS Jorgenson, E Spring, B Coresh, J Li, YR Buxbaum, SG Schreiner, PJ Ellison, RC Tsai, MY Patel, SR Redline, S Johnson, AD Hoogeveen, RC Rotter, JI Boerwinkle, E de Bakker, PIW Kivimaki, M Asselbergs, FW Sattar, N Lawlor, DA Whittaker, J Smith, GD Mukamal, K Psaty, BM Wilson, JG Lange, LA Hamidovic, A Hingorani, AD Nordestgaard, BG Bobak, M Leon, DA Langenberg, C Palmer, TM Reiner, AP Keating, BJ Dudbridge, F Casas, JP AF Holmes, Michael V. Dale, Caroline E. Zuccolo, Luisa Silverwood, Richard J. Guo, Yiran Ye, Zheng Prieto-Merino, David Dehghan, Abbas Trompet, Stella Wong, Andrew Cavadino, Alana Drogan, Dagmar Padmanabhan, Sandosh Li, Shanshan Yesupriya, Ajay Leusink, Maarten Sundstrom, Johan Hubacek, Jaroslav A. Pikhart, Hynek Swerdlow, Daniel I. Panayiotou, Andrie G. Borinskaya, Svetlana A. Finan, Chris Shah, Sonia Kuchenbaecker, Karoline B. Shah, Tina Engmann, Jorgen Folkersen, Lasse Eriksson, Per Ricceri, Fulvio Melander, Olle Sacerdote, Carlotta Gamble, Dale M. Rayaprolu, Sruti Ross, Owen A. McLachlan, Stela Vikhireva, Olga Sluijs, Ivonne Scott, Robert A. Adamkova, Vera Flicker, Leon Van Bockxmeer, Frank M. Power, Christine Marques-Vidal, Pedro Meade, Tom Marmot, Michael G. Ferro, Jose M. Paulos-Pinheiro, Sofia Humphries, Steve E. Talmud, Philippa J. Leach, Irene Mateo Verweij, Niek Linneberg, Allan Skaaby, Tea Doevendans, Pieter A. Cramer, Maarten J. Van der Harst, Pim Klungel, Olaf H. Dowling, Nicole F. Dominiczak, Anna F. Kumari, Meena Nicolaides, Andrew N. Weikert, Cornelia Boeing, Heiner Ebrahim, Shah Gaunt, Tom R. Price, Jackie F. Lannfelt, Lars Peasey, Anne Kubinova, Ruzena Pajak, Andrzej Malyutina, Sofia Voevoda, Mikhail I. Tamosiunas, Abdonas Maitland-van der Zee, Anke H. Norman, Paul E. Hankey, Graeme J. Bergmann, Manuela M. Hofman, Albert Franco, Oscar H. Cooper, Jackie Palmen, Jutta Spiering, Wilko de Jong, Pim A. Kuh, Diana Hardy, Rebecca Uitterlinden, Andre G. Ikram, M. Arfan Ford, Ian Hyppoenen, Elina Almeida, Osvaldo P. Wareham, Nicholas J. Khaw, Kay-Tee Hamsten, Anders Husemoen, Lise Lotte N. Tjonneland, Anne Tolstrup, Janne S. Rimm, Eric Beulens, Joline W. J. Verschuren, W. M. Monique Onland-Moret, N. Charlotte Hofker, Marten H. Wannamethee, S. Goya Whincup, Peter H. Morris, Richard Vicente, Astrid M. Watkins, Hugh Farrall, Martin Jukema, J. Wouter Meschia, James Cupples, L. Adrienne Sharp, Stephen J. Fornage, Myriam Kooperberg, Charles LaCroix, Andrea Z. Dai, James Y. Lanktree, Matthew B. Siscovick, David S. Jorgenson, Eric Spring, Bonnie Coresh, Josef Li, Yun R. Buxbaum, Sarah G. Schreiner, Pamela J. Ellison, R. Curtis Tsai, Michael Y. Patel, Sanjay R. Redline, Susan Johnson, Andrew D. Hoogeveen, Ron C. Rotter, Jerome I. Boerwinkle, Eric de Bakker, Paul I. W. Kivimaki, Mika Asselbergs, Folkert W. Sattar, Naveed Lawlor, Debbie A. Whittaker, John Smith, George Davey Mukamal, Kenneth Psaty, Bruce M. Wilson, James G. Lange, Leslie A. Hamidovic, Ajna Hingorani, Aroon D. Nordestgaard, Borge G. Bobak, Martin Leon, David A. Langenberg, Claudia Palmer, Tom M. Reiner, Alex P. Keating, Brendan J. Dudbridge, Frank Casas, Juan P. CA IMPROVE Study Grp InterAct Consortium TI Association between alcohol and cardiovascular disease: Mendelian randomisation analysis based on individual participant data SO BMJ-BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE; RISK-FACTORS; CONSUMPTION; METAANALYSIS; HEALTH; DEHYDROGENASE; DEPENDENCE; MORTALITY; VARIANTS; DESIGN AB Objective To use the rs1229984 variant in the alcohol dehydrogenase 1B gene (ADH1B) as an instrument to investigate the causal role of alcohol in cardiovascular disease. Design Mendelian randomisation meta-analysis of 56 epidemiological studies. Participants 261 991 individuals of European descent, including 20 259 coronary heart disease cases and 10 164 stroke events. Data were available on ADH1B rs1229984 variant, alcohol phenotypes, and cardiovascular biomarkers. Main outcome measures Odds ratio for coronary heart disease and stroke associated with the ADH1B variant in all individuals and by categories of alcohol consumption. Results Carriers of the A-allele of ADH1B rs1229984 consumed 17.2% fewer units of alcohol per week (95% confidence interval 15.6% to 18.9%), had a lower prevalence of binge drinking (odds ratio 0.78 (95% CI 0.73 to 0.84)), and had higher abstention (odds ratio 1.27 (1.21 to 1.34)) than non-carriers. Rs1229984 A-allele carriers had lower systolic blood pressure (-0.88 (-1.19 to -0.56) mm Hg), interleukin-6 levels (-5.2% (-7.8 to -2.4%)), waist circumference (-0.3 (-0.6 to -0.1) cm), and body mass index (-0.17 (-0.24 to -0.10) kg/m(2)). Rs1229984 A-allele carriers had lower odds of coronary heart disease (odds ratio 0.90 (0.84 to 0.96)). The protective association of the ADH1B rs1229984 A-allele variant remained the same across all categories of alcohol consumption (P= 0.83 for heterogeneity). Although no association of rs1229984 was identified with the combined subtypes of stroke, carriers of the A-allele had lower odds of ischaemic stroke (odds ratio 0.83 (0.72 to 0.95)). Conclusions Individuals with a genetic variant associated with non-drinking and lower alcohol consumption had a more favourable cardiovascular profile and a reduced risk of coronary heart disease than those without the genetic variant. This suggests that reduction of alcohol consumption, even for light to moderate drinkers, is beneficial for cardiovascular health. C1 [Holmes, Michael V.; Swerdlow, Daniel I.; Finan, Chris; Shah, Tina; Engmann, Jorgen; Kumari, Meena; Hingorani, Aroon D.; Casas, Juan P.] UCL, Dept Epidemiol & Publ Hlth, Inst Cardiovasc Sci, Genet Epidemiol Grp, London WC1E 6BT, England. [Holmes, Michael V.; Keating, Brendan J.] Univ Penn, Perelman Sch Med, Penn Transplant Inst, Dept Surg, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Holmes, Michael V.] Univ Penn, Perelman Sch Med, Ctr Clin Epidemiol & Biostat, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. 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[Nordestgaard, Borge G.] Herlev Hosp, Copenhagen Gen Populat Study, Copenhagen, Denmark. [Nordestgaard, Borge G.] Univ Copenhagen, Copenhagen Univ Hosp, Fac Hlth Sci, Copenhagen, Denmark. [Nordestgaard, Borge G.] Copenhagen Univ Hosp, Herlev Hosp, Dept Clin Biochem, Copenhagen, Denmark. [Palmer, Tom M.] Univ Warwick, Warwick Med Sch, Div Hlth Sci, Coventry CV4 7AL, W Midlands, England. RP Casas, JP (reprint author), Univ London London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, Fac Epidemiol & Publ Hlth, Keppel St, London WC1E 7HT, England. EM Juan-P.Casas@lshtm.ac.uk RI Johnson, Andrew/G-6520-2013; Padmanabhan, Sandosh/S-3963-2016; Verweij, Niek/A-4499-2017; Silverwood, Richard/A-1249-2014; Shah, Sonia/N-7547-2013; Amato, Mauro/J-3289-2016; Klungel, Olaf/I-9563-2016; Hankey, Graeme /H-4968-2014; Hypponen, Elina/B-2596-2014; Gaunt, Tom/O-3918-2014; de Bakker, Paul/B-8730-2009; Guo, Yiran/H-4120-2011; de Jong, Pim/G-7220-2014; Onland-Moret, N. Charlotte/G-9185-2011; Sundstrom, Johan/A-6286-2009; Dai, Jiyan/I-7098-2013 OI Linneberg, Allan/0000-0002-0994-0184; Watkins, Hugh/0000-0002-5287-9016; Marmot, Michael/0000-0002-2431-6419; Lawlor, Debbie A/0000-0002-6793-2262; Prieto-Merino, David/0000-0001-5001-0061; Morris, Richard/0000-0001-7240-4563; Swerdlow, Daniel/0000-0002-7946-3459; Padmanabhan, Sandosh/0000-0003-3869-5808; Folkersen, Lasse/0000-0003-0708-9530; Dehghan, Abbas/0000-0001-6403-016X; Humphries, Stephen E/0000-0002-8221-6547; Tolstrup, Janne/0000-0002-9796-3967; Patel, Sanjay/0000-0002-9142-5172; Kumari, Meena/0000-0001-9716-1035; Skaaby, Tea/0000-0003-0031-5726; Verweij, Niek/0000-0002-4303-7685; Sacerdote, Carlotta/0000-0002-8008-5096; Lanktree, Matthew/0000-0002-5750-6286; Pikhart, Hynek/0000-0001-5277-4049; Silverwood, Richard/0000-0002-2744-1194; Kivimaki, Mika/0000-0002-4699-5627; Whincup, Peter/0000-0002-5589-4107; Talmud, Philippa/0000-0002-5560-1933; Zuccolo, Luisa/0000-0002-7049-3037; Shah, Sonia/0000-0001-5860-4526; Amato, Mauro/0000-0002-0118-5719; Hankey, Graeme /0000-0002-6044-7328; Hypponen, Elina/0000-0003-3670-9399; Gaunt, Tom/0000-0003-0924-3247; de Bakker, Paul/0000-0001-7735-7858; Guo, Yiran/0000-0002-6549-8589; de Jong, Pim/0000-0003-4840-6854; Sundstrom, Johan/0000-0003-2247-8454; Dai, Jiyan/0000-0002-7720-8032 FU UK Medical Research Council (MRC) population health scientist fellowship [G0802432]; NWO [916.12.154]; EUR Fellowship; Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research; Medical Research Council; British Heart Foundation; Economic and Social Research Council; National Heart Lung and Blood Institute [NHLBI: HL36310, HL 114901]; National Institute on Aging [AG13196]; US, NIH; Netherlands Heart Foundation [2001 D 032, 2014T001]; James and Ester King Foundation; Florida State Department of Health; American Heart Association; Myron and Jane Hanley Award in Stroke research; Medical Research Council Professorship; Swedish Heart-Lung Foundation [20041151]; Swedish Research Council [2007-5942, 8691, 0593]; NIH National Heart Lung and Blood Institute [HHSN268200900009C]; MRC [G1000718]; UCL MBPhD; MH CZ - DRO ("Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine - IKEM) [IN 00023001]; UK Economic and Social Research Council (NCRM) [ES/I025561/2]; British Heart Foundation [PG/2008/008]; Medical Research Council [MC_UU_12019/1, MRC G0601653, G0000934]; National Institute of Health Research University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre; National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism [NIAAA: AA021223-01]; MD Scientist Fellowship in Genetic Medicine (Northwestern Memorial Foundation); National Research Service Award (NIH/NIDA) [F32DA024920]; NIH [HL075451]; BHF [RG/10/12/28456]; UK Medical Research Council [MC_UU_12013/1, MC_UU_12013/5, 092731]; National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities of the National Institutes of Health [P20MD006899]; Wellcome Trust [092731, WT088806, WT087997MA]; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute [HHSN268201100005C, HHSN268201100006C, HHSN268201100007C, HHSN268201100008C, HHSN268201100009C, HHSN268201100010C, HHSN268201100011C, HHSN268201100012C]; National Human Genome Research Institute [U01HG004402]; National Institutes of Health [HHSN268200625226C, UL1RR025005]; NIH Roadmap for Medical Research; British Heart Foundation (BHF) [PG/09/022, PG/07/131/24254, RG/08/013/25942, RG/98002, RG2008/014, RG/07/005/23633]; UK Department of Health Policy Research Programme (England) [0090049]; National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute; NHLBI [HHSN268200960009C]; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute/National Institutes of Health [N01-HC-48047, N01-HC-48048, N01-HC-48049, N01-HC-48050, N01-HC-95095]; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) [HL46380, HHSN268201200036C, HHSN268200800007C, N01 HC55222, N01HC85079, N01HC85080, N01HC85081, N01HC85082, N01HC85083, N01HC85086, N01HC65226, HL080295]; Herlev Hospital; Copenhagen University Hospital; Copenhagen County Research Fund; Danish Medical Research Council; National Institute on Aging (NIA) [AG023629]; Cyprus Cardiovascular Disease Educational and Research Trust (CCDERT); Joint Cyprus Research Promotion Foundation, Ministry of Health; Cyprus Heart Foundation [41/5PE]; Research Promotion Foundation [PENEK 05/04, YGEIA 04/06]; National Institute on Ageing (NIA) [AG1764406S1]; European Union of the European Community [LSHM-CT-2006-037197]; European Commission: Public Health and Consumer Protection Directorate; Dutch Ministry of Public Health, Welfare and Sports; Netherlands Cancer Registry; LK Research Funds; Dutch Prevention Funds; Dutch Zorg Onderzoek Nederland; World Cancer Research Fund (The Netherlands); 'Europe against Cancer' Programme of the European Commission (SANCO); Dutch Ministry of Public Health, Welfare and Sports (VWS); Netherlands Cancer Registry (NKR); Dutch Cancer Society; ZonMW the Netherlands Organisation for Health Research and Development; World Cancer Research Fund (WCRF) (The Netherlands); IOP Genomics grant from Agentschap NL [IGE05012]; Cancer Research UK; Federal Ministry of Science, Germany [01 EA 9401]; European Union [SOC 95201408 05F02]; German Cancer Aid [70-2488-Ha I]; European Community [SOC 98200769 05F02]; Federal Ministry of Education and Research [0312750B]; German Research Federal Ministry (BMBF); Heisenberg-Professorship [SP716/1-1]; German Research Foundation (DFG) [KFO192/1, 218/1]; graduate school of the DFG [GK1208]; Associazione Italiana per le Ricerche sul Cancro, Italy; Compagnia di San Paolo, Turin, Italy; Wellcome Trust 'Determinants of Cardiovascular Diseases in Eastern Europe: A multi-centre cohort study' [064947/Z/01/Z, 081081/Z/06/Z]; MacArthur Foundation 'MacArthur Initiative on Social Upheaval and Health' [712058]; National Institute on Ageing 'Health disparities and aging in societies in transition (the HAPIEE study)' [1R01 AG23522]; Ministry of Health, Czech Republic [00023001]; National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) [279408, 379600, 403963, 513823, 634492]; National Institute of Health, Bethesda; M. D [HL35464, CA55075, CA87969, AA11181, HL34594]; European Commission [QLG1-CT-2002-00896]; Ministero della Salute Ricerca Corrente, Italy; Swedish Heart-Lung Foundation; Foundation for Strategic Research; Stockholm County Council [562183]; Academy of Finland [110413, 12926]; Danish Centre for Evaluation and Health Technology Assessment; Copenhagen County; Danish Heart Foundation; Danish Pharmaceutical Association; Health Insurance Foundation; Augustinus Foundation; Ib Henriksens foundation; Beckett Foundation; Danish Diabetes Association [32]; Health Insurance Foundation [2010 B 131]; ISGS/SWISS: ISGS - National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (US) [R01 42733]; SWISS - National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (US) [R01 NS39987]; UK Wellcome Trust [078557]; Swedish Medical Research Council; Swedish Heart and Lung Foundation; Medical Faculty of Lund University, Malmo University Hospital; Albert Pahlsson Research Foundation; Crafoord foundation; Ernhold Lundstroms Research Foundation; Region Skane; Hulda and Conrad Mossfelt Foundation; King Gustaf V and Queen Victoria Foundation; Lennart Hanssons Memorial Fund; Marianne and Marcus Wallenberg Foundation; National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development; Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation International (JDRF); MRC; British Medical Research Council; US National Institutes of Health [NHLBI 33014]; Du Pont Pharma, Wilmington, Delaware; Dutch Kidney Foundation [E033]; Netherlands organisation for health research and development (ZonMw) [90.700.441]; Dutch Inter University Cardiology Institute Netherlands (ICIN); EU FP7 Program [LSHM-CT-2007-037273]; AstraZeneca; Oxford BHF Centre of Research Excellence; Wellcome Trust core award [090532/Z/09/Z]; Swedish Research Council; Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation; Torsten and Ragnar Soderberg Foundation; Strategic Cardiovascular Program of Karolinska Institutet; Stockholm County Council; Bristol-Myers Squibb; Interuniversity Cardiology Institute of the Netherlands (ICIN); Netherlands Royal Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW); Netherlands Heart Foundation; Center for Medical Systems Biology (CMSB); Netherlands Genomics Initiative (Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging) [050-060-810]; Erasmus Medical Center; Erasmus University Rotterdam; Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO); Netherlands Organization for Health Research and Development (ZonMw); Research Institute for Diseases in the Elderly (RIDE); Ministry of Education, Culture and Science; Ministry of Health Welfare and Sports; European Commission; Municipality of Rotterdam; Netherlands Organisation of Scientific Research NWO Investments [175.010.2005.011, 911-03-012]; Research Institute for Diseases in the Elderly [014-93-015, RIDE2]; Netherlands Genomics Initiative (NGI)/Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging (NCHA) [050-060-810]; BBMRI-NL; Dutch government (NWO) [184.021.007]; Bayer Corporation; Veni grant Organization for Scientific Research (NWO) [2001.064]; Netherlands Heart Foundation (NHS); TI Pharma [T6-101]; Netherlands Organisation for Health Research and Development (ZonMW); Dutch Health Care Insurance Board (CVZ); Royal Dutch Pharmacists Association (KNMP); Top Institute Pharma; EU Innovative Medicines Initiative (IMI); EU 7th Framework Program (FP7); Dutch Medicines Evaluation Board; Dutch Ministry of Health and industry (GlaxoSmithKline); Dutch Ministry of Health and industry (Pfizer); National Heart Lung and Blood Institute (NHLBI) [HL36310]; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, U. S. Department of Health and Human Services [HHSN268201100046C, HHSN268201100001C, HHSN268201100002C, HHSN268201100003C, HHSN268201100004C, HHSN271201100004C]; [R01HL087641]; [R01HL59367]; [R01HL086694]; [U01 DK062418] FX Dr Michael V. Holmes is funded by a UK Medical Research Council (MRC) population health scientist fellowship (G0802432). Dr Abbas Dehghan is supported by NWO grant (veni, 916.12.154) and the EUR Fellowship. Dr James Meschia receives support from a Clinical Investigator grant from the Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research. Prof Mika Kivimaki was supported by the Medical Research Council; the British Heart Foundation; the Economic and Social Research Council; the National Heart Lung and Blood Institute (NHLBI: HL36310); and the National Institute on Aging (AG13196), US, NIH. Prof. Dr. J. W. Jukema is an Established Clinical Investigator of the Netherlands Heart Foundation (grant 2001 D 032). Dr Owen Ross is funded by the James and Ester King Foundation and the Florida State Department of Health, the American Heart Association and the Myron and Jane Hanley Award in Stroke research. Prof Sir Michael Marmot is supported by a Medical Research Council Professorship. Dr Johan Sundstrom is supported by the Swedish Heart-Lung Foundation (grant 20041151), the Swedish Research Council (grant 2007-5942). Dr. Alex Reiner was supported by a contract HHSN268200900009C from the NIH National Heart Lung and Blood Institute. Dr James Y. Dai was supported by a R01 grant from the National Heart Lung and Blood Institute (HL 114901). Prof Hugh Watkins and Prof Martin Farrall are members of the Oxford British Heart Foundation (BHF) Centre of Research Excellence. Dr Daniel Swerdlow was supported by a MRC doctoral training award, and acknowledges support of the UCL MBPhD programme. Prof Frank Dudbridge is supported by a MRC grant (G1000718). Dr Jaroslav Hubacek was supported by MH CZ - DRO ("Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine - IKEM, IN 00023001"). Dr Richard Silverwood is supported by the UK Economic and Social Research Council (NCRM Pathways node, ES/I025561/2). Professor Steve E. Humphries is supported by the British Heart Foundation (PG/2008/008). Prof Kuh, Prof Hardy and Dr Wong were supported by the Medical Research Council (MC_UU_12019/1). Dr Folkert W. Asselbergs is supported by National Institute of Health Research University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre and Netherlands Heart Foundation (2014T001). Dr. Jorgenson is supported by the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA: AA021223-01). Ajna Hamidovic was funded by MD Scientist Fellowship in Genetic Medicine (Northwestern Memorial Foundation) and the National Research Service Award F32DA024920 (NIH/NIDA; Ajna Hamidovic). Dr. Spring's work is supported by NIH HL075451. This work was supported in part by BHF Programme Grant RG/10/12/28456. Professors Lawlor and Davey Smith and Dr Zuccolo work in a research unit that receives funding from the UK Medical Research Council (MC_UU_12013/1 and MC_UU_12013/5). Dr. Buxbaum's research is supported in part by P20MD006899 awarded by the National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities of the National Institutes of Health. Professors Aroon D. Hingorani and Juan P Casas are supported by the National Institute of Health Research University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre.; ALSPAC: We are extremely grateful to all of the families who took part in this study, the midwives for recruiting them, and the whole ALSPAC team, which includes interviewers, computer and laboratory technicians, clerical workers, research scientists, volunteers, managers, receptionists and nurses. The research leading to the specific results from ALSPAC in this paper received funding from the Wellcome Trust (WT088806 and WT087997MA). The UK Medical Research Council and Wellcome Trust (092731), together with the University of Bristol, provide core support for the ALSPAC study. ARIC: The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study is carried out as a collaborative study supported by National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute contracts (HHSN268201100005C, HHSN268201100006C, HHSN268201100007C, HHSN268201100008C, HHSN268201100009C, HHSN268201100010C, HHSN268201100011C, and HHSN268201100012C), R01HL087641, R01HL59367 and R01HL086694; National Human Genome Research Institute contract U01HG004402; and National Institutes of Health contract HHSN268200625226C. The authors thank the staff and participants of the ARIC study for their important contributions. Infrastructure was partly supported by Grant Number UL1RR025005, a component of the National Institutes of Health and NIH Roadmap for Medical Research; BWHHS: The British Women's Heart and Health Study has been supported by funding from the British Heart Foundation (BHF) (grant PG/09/022) and the UK Department of Health Policy Research Programme (England) (grant 0090049). The BWHHS HumanCVD data were funded by the BHF (PG/07/131/24254); We thank all BWHHS participants, the general practitioners and their staff who have supported data collection since the study inception; BRHS: The British Regional Heart Study has been supported by programme grant funding from the British Heart Foundation (RG/08/013/25942); CARe: wishes to acknowledge the support of the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute and the contributions of the research institutions, study investigators, field staff, and study participants in creating this resource for biomedical research (NHLBI contract number HHSN268200960009C); CARDIA: CARDIA is supported by contracts N01-HC-48047, N01-HC-48048, N01-HC-48049, N01-HC-48050 and N01-HC-95095 from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute/National Institutes of Health; CFS: The Cleveland Family Study (CFS) was supported by grant HL46380 from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI); CGPS: This study was supported by Herlev Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, The Copenhagen County Research Fund, and The Danish Medical Research Council; CHS: This research was supported by contracts HHSN268201200036C, HHSN268200800007C, N01 HC55222, N01HC85079, N01HC85080, N01HC85081, N01HC85082, N01HC85083, N01HC85086, N01HC65226, and grant HL080295 from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), with additional contribution from the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS). Additional support was provided by AG023629 from the National Institute on Aging (NIA). A full list of principal CHS investigators and institutions can be found at CHS-NHLBI.; org; Cyprus: The Cyprus Study has been supported by the Cyprus Cardiovascular Disease Educational and Research Trust (CCDERT) and Joint Cyprus Research Promotion Foundation, Ministry of Health and Cyprus Heart Foundation grant No 41/5PE as well as Research Promotion Foundation grants (PENEK 05/04 and YGEIA 04/06); EAS: The EAS was funded by the British Heart Foundation (Programme Grant RG/98002); ELSA: Samples from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA) DNA Repository (EDNAR), received support under a grant (AG1764406S1) awarded by the National Institute on Ageing (NIA). ELSA was developed by a team of researchers based at the National Centre for Social Research, University College London and the Institute of Fiscal Studies. The data were collected by the National Centre for Social Research.; EPIC InterAct: We thank all EPIC participants and staff for their contribution to the study. We thank staff from the Technical, Field Epidemiology and Data Functional Group Teams of the MRC Epidemiology Unit in Cambridge, UK, for carrying out sample preparation, DNA provision and quality control, genotyping and data-handling work. The InterAct study received funding from the European Union (Integrated Project LSHM-CT-2006-037197 in the Framework Programme 6 of the European Community); EPIC Netherlands: We thank Statistics Netherlands and Netherlands Cancer Registry (NKR) for follow-up data on cancer, cardiovascular disease, vital status and causes of death. Supported by the European Commission: Public Health and Consumer Protection Directorate 1993-2004; Research Directorate-General 2005; Dutch Ministry of Public Health, Welfare and Sports; Netherlands Cancer Registry; LK Research Funds; Dutch Prevention Funds; Dutch Zorg Onderzoek Nederland; and World Cancer Research Fund (The Netherlands) (to the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition-Netherlands study). The EPIC-NL study was funded by 'Europe against Cancer' Programme of the European Commission (SANCO), Dutch Ministry of Public Health, Welfare and Sports (VWS), Netherlands Cancer Registry (NKR), LK Research Funds, Dutch Prevention Funds, Dutch Cancer Society; ZonMW the Netherlands Organisation for Health Research and Development, World Cancer Research Fund (WCRF) (The Netherlands). Genotyping was funded by IOP Genomics grant IGE05012 from Agentschap NL; EPIC Norfolk: We thank all study participants and the general practitioners and the EPIC-Norfolk study team for their helpful input. The EPIC-Norfolk study is supported by programme grants from the Medical Research Council and Cancer Research UK; EPIC Potsdam: The recruitment phase of the EPIC-Potsdam Study was supported by the Federal Ministry of Science, Germany (01 EA 9401), and the European Union (SOC 95201408 05F02). The follow-up was supported by the German Cancer Aid (70-2488-Ha I) and the European Community (SOC 98200769 05F02). The present study was supported by the Federal Ministry of Education and Research (0312750B). Mercodia provided the oxLDL kits free of charge. JS and AFHP were supported by German Research Federal Ministry (BMBF), JS was supported by a Heisenberg-Professorship (SP716/1-1) and clinical research groups of the German Research Foundation (DFG; KFO192/1 and 218/1).; JS, AFHP and MM were also supported by a graduate school of the DFG (GK1208); EPIC Turin: The EPIC Turin study is funded by grants from the Associazione Italiana per le Ricerche sul Cancro, Italy and grants from the Compagnia di San Paolo, Turin, Italy; FHS: The Framingham Heart Study began in 1948 with the recruitment of an original cohort of 5,209 men and women (mean age 44 years; 55 percent women). In 1971 a second generation of study participants was enrolled; this cohort consisted of 5,124 children and spouses of children of the original cohort. The mean age of the offspring cohort was 37 years; 52 percent were women. A third generation cohort of 4,095 children of offspring cohort participants (mean age 40 years; 53 percent women) was enrolled beginning in 2002. At each clinic visit, a medical history was obtained with a focus on cardiovascular content, and participants underwent a physical examination including measurement of height and weight from which BMI was calculated; HAPIEE: This study was supported by Wellcome Trust 'Determinants of Cardiovascular Diseases in Eastern Europe: A multi-centre cohort study' [grants 064947/Z/01/Z; and 081081/Z/06/Z]; the MacArthur Foundation 'MacArthur Initiative on Social Upheaval and Health' [grant 712058]; the National Institute on Ageing 'Health disparities and aging in societies in transition (the HAPIEE study)' [grant 1R01 AG23522]; and a project from the Ministry of Health, Czech Republic, for the development of the research organization No. 00023001 (IKEM, Prague, Czech Republic). We would like to thank researchers, interviewers and participants in Novosibirsk, Krakow, Kaunas, Havriov/Karvina, Jihlava, Usti nad Labem, Liberec, Hradec Kralove, and Kromeriz.; HIMS: National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC) project grants 279408, 379600, 403963, 513823 and 634492; HPFS/NHS: We would like to thank Hardeep Ranu and Pati Soule from the DF/HCC Genotyping Core for genotyping and data management. This study was supported by research grants HL35464, CA55075, CA87969, AA11181, and HL34594 from the National Institute of Health, Bethesda; M. D; IMPROVE: This study was supported by the European Commission (Contract number: QLG1-CT-2002-00896), Ministero della Salute Ricerca Corrente, Italy, the Swedish Heart-Lung Foundation, the Swedish Research Council (projects 8691 and 0593), the Foundation for Strategic Research, the Stockholm County Council (project 562183), the Foundation for Strategic Research, the Academy of Finland (Grant #110413) and the British Heart Foundation (RG2008/014). None of the aforementioned funding organizations or sponsors has had a specific role in design or conduct of the study, collection, management, analysis, or interpretation of the data, or preparation, review, or approval of the manuscript; Inter99: The Inter99 study was supported by the Danish Medical Research Council, the Danish Centre for Evaluation and Health Technology Assessment, Copenhagen County, the Danish Heart Foundation, the Danish Pharmaceutical Association, the Health Insurance Foundation, the Augustinus Foundation, the Ib Henriksens foundation and the Beckett Foundation. The present study was further supported by the Danish Diabetes Association (grant No. 32, December 2005) and the Health Insurance Foundation (grant No.; 2010 B 131); ISGS/SWISS: ISGS (Grant Number R01 42733) and SWISS (R01 NS39987) were funded by grants from the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (US); Izhevsk: The Izhevsk Family Studies was funded by a UK Wellcome Trust programme grant (078557); MDC: This work was supported by the Swedish Medical Research Council; by the Swedish Heart and Lung Foundation; by the Medical Faculty of Lund University, Malmo University Hospital; by the Albert Pahlsson Research Foundation; by the Crafoord foundation; by the Ernhold Lundstroms Research Foundation, the Region Skane; by the Hulda and Conrad Mossfelt Foundation; by the King Gustaf V and Queen Victoria Foundation; by the Lennart Hanssons Memorial Fund; and by the Marianne and Marcus Wallenberg Foundation. Genotyping was supported by the British Heart Foundation (grant number CH/98001 to A. F. D., RG/07/005/23633 to A. F. D., S. P.); MESA: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis Study (MESA) is a multicenter prospective cohort study initiated to study the development of subclinical cardiovascular disease. A total of 6814 women and men between the age of 45 and 84 year were recruited for the first examination between 2000 and 2002. Participants were recruited in six US cities (Baltimore, MD; Chicago, IL; Forsyth County, NC; Los Angeles County, CA; Northern Manhattan, NY; and St. Paul, MN). This study was approved by the institutional review boards of each study site, and written informed consent was obtained from all participants. This cohort was genotyped as part of the National Heart Lung and Blood Institute's (NHLBI) Candidate Gene Association Resource (CARe) (Musunuru, K., Lettre, G., Young, T., Farlow, D. N., Pirruccello, J. P., Ejebe, K. G., Keating, B. J., Yang, Q., Chen, M. H., Lapchyk, N. et al. Candidate gene association resource (CARe): design, methods, and proof of concept. Circ. Cardiovasc. Genet, 3, 267-275.); MRC 1958BC: Dr Sue Ring and Dr Wendy McArdle (University of Bristol) and Mr Jon Johnson (Centre for Longitudinal Studies, Institute of Education, London) are thanked for help with data linkage. The study was supported by the Academy of Finland (12926) and the Medical Research Council (MRC G0601653 and SALVE/PrevMedsyn). The Medical Research Council funded the 2002-2004 clinical follow-up of the 1958 birth cohort (grant G0000934). This research used resources provided by the Type 1 Diabetes Genetics Consortium, a collaborative clinical study sponsored by the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, and Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation International (JDRF) and supported by U01 DK062418. This study makes use of data generated by the Wellcome Trust Case-Control Consortium. A full list of investigators who contributed to generation of the data is available from the Wellcome Trust Case-Control Consortium website(www.wtccc.org.uk). Funding for the project was provided by the Wellcome Trust under award 076113. Work at the Centre for Paediatric Epidemiology and Biostatistics benefits from funding support from the MRC in its capacity as the MRC Centre of Epidemiology for Child Health. Research at the University College London Institute of Child Health and Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Trust benefits from R&D funding received from the NHS Executive; MRC NSHD: Supported by Medical Research Council - MC_UU_12019/1.; We are very grateful to the members of this birth cohort for their continuing interest and participation in the study. We would like to acknowledge the Swallow group, UCL, who performed the DNA extractions; NHANES III: The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; NORDIL: This work was supported by the British Heart Foundation (grant number CH/98001 to A. F. D., RG/07/005/23633 to A. F. D., S. P.) and a Special Project, for genotyping of the Swedish extremes from the NORDIL and MDC cohorts; and by Pharmacia. We thank Professor Thomas Hedner (Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Sahlgrenska Academy, Gotheburg, Sweden) and Professor Sverre Kjeldsen (Ullevaal University Hospital, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway), who are investigators of the NORDIL study. Professor Kjeldsen is also an investigator of the ASCOT trial; NPHS II: NPHS-II was supported by the British Medical Research Council, the US National Institutes of Health (grant NHLBI 33014), and Du Pont Pharma, Wilmington, Delaware; Portuguese stroke: Instituto Nacional de Saude Doutor Ricardo Jorge; PREVEND: PREVEND genetics is supported by the Dutch Kidney Foundation (Grant E033), The Netherlands organisation for health research and development (ZonMw grant 90.700.441), and the Dutch Inter University Cardiology Institute Netherlands (ICIN); PROCARDIS: PROCARDIS was supported by the EU FP7 Program (LSHM-CT-2007-037273), AstraZeneca, the British Heart Foundation, the Oxford BHF Centre of Research Excellence, the Wellcome Trust core award (090532/Z/09/Z), the Swedish Research Council, the Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation, the Swedish Heart-Lung Foundation, the Torsten and Ragnar Soderberg Foundation, the Strategic Cardiovascular Program of Karolinska Institutet and Stockholm County Council, the Foundation for Strategic Research and the Stockholm County Council (560283); PROSPER: The PROSPER study was supported by an investigator initiated grant obtained from Bristol-Myers Squibb and by grants from the Interuniversity Cardiology Institute of the Netherlands (ICIN) and the Durrer Center for Cardiogenetic Research both Institutes of the Netherlands Royal Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW), the Netherlands Heart Foundation, the Center for Medical Systems Biology (CMSB), a center of excellence approved by the Netherlands Genomics Initiative/Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO), the Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Ageing (NCHA). The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) under grant agreement no HEALTH-F2-2009-223004 and by the Netherlands Genomics Initiative (Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging grant 050-060-810); Rotterdam: The Rotterdam Study is supported by the Erasmus Medical Center and Erasmus University Rotterdam; the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO); the Netherlands Organization for Health Research and Development (ZonMw); the Research Institute for Diseases in the Elderly (RIDE); the Netherlands Heart Foundation; the Ministry of Education, Culture and Science; the Ministry of Health Welfare and Sports; the European Commission; and the Municipality of Rotterdam. Support for genotyping was provided by the Netherlands Organisation of Scientific Research NWO Investments (nr. 175.010.2005.; 011, 911-03-012), the Research Institute for Diseases in the Elderly (014-93-015; RIDE2), the Netherlands Genomics Initiative (NGI)/Netherlands Consortium for Healthy Aging (NCHA) project nr. 050-060-810; SMART: SMART GENETICS was financially supported by BBMRI-NL, a Research Infrastructure financed by the Dutch government (NWO 184.021.007); TPT: TPT was funded by the Medical Research Council, the British Heart Foundation, DuPont Pharma and Bayer Corporation; UCP: The UCP study was funded by Veni grant Organization for Scientific Research (NWO), Grant no. 2001.064 Netherlands Heart Foundation (NHS), and TI Pharma Grant T6-101 Mondriaan. The department of Pharmacoepidemiology and Clinical Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, has received unrestricted research funding from the Netherlands Organisation for Health Research and Development (ZonMW), the Dutch Health Care Insurance Board (CVZ), the Royal Dutch Pharmacists Association (KNMP), the private-public funded Top Institute Pharma (www.tipharma.nl, includes co-funding from universities, government, and industry), the EU Innovative Medicines Initiative (IMI), EU 7th Framework Program (FP7), the Dutch Medicines Evaluation Board, the Dutch Ministry of Health and industry (including GlaxoSmithKline, Pfizer, and others); Whitehall II: The Whitehall II study and Mika Kivimaki were supported by the Medical Research Council; the British Heart Foundation; the Economic and Social Research Council; the National Heart Lung and Blood Institute (NHLBI: HL36310); and the National Institute on Aging (AG13196), US, NIH; WHI: The WHI program is funded by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, U. S. Department of Health and Human Services through contracts HHSN268201100046C, HHSN268201100001C, HHSN268201100002C, HHSN268201100003C, HHSN268201100004C, and HHSN271201100004C. A listing of WHI investigators can be found at https://cleo.whi.org/researchers/Documents%20%20Write%20a%20Paper/WHI%20 Investigator%20Short%20List.pdf. NR 35 TC 132 Z9 132 U1 8 U2 58 PU BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 1756-1833 J9 BMJ-BRIT MED J JI BMJ-British Medical Journal PD JUL 10 PY 2014 VL 349 AR g4164 DI 10.1136/bmj.g4164 PG 16 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA AL2ZF UT WOS:000338993700001 PM 25011450 ER PT J AU Ogden, CL Carroll, MD Flegal, KM AF Ogden, Cynthia L. Carroll, Margaret D. Flegal, Katherine M. TI Prevalence of Obesity in the United States Reply SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Letter ID BODY-MASS INDEX; TRENDS C1 [Ogden, Cynthia L.; Carroll, Margaret D.; Flegal, Katherine M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. RP Ogden, CL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, 3311 Toledo Rd, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. EM cogden@cdc.gov NR 2 TC 85 Z9 85 U1 2 U2 18 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 330 N WABASH AVE, STE 39300, CHICAGO, IL 60611-5885 USA SN 0098-7484 EI 1538-3598 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD JUL 9 PY 2014 VL 312 IS 2 BP 189 EP 190 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA AK6BB UT WOS:000338511200030 PM 25005661 ER PT J AU Lynfield, R Davey, R Dwyer, DE Losso, MH Wentworth, D Cozzi-Lepri, A Herman-Lamin, K Cholewinska, G David, D Kuetter, S Ternesgen, Z Uyeki, TM Lane, HC Lundgren, J Neaton, JD AF Lynfield, Ruth Davey, Richard Dwyer, Dominic E. Losso, Marcelo H. Wentworth, Deborah Cozzi-Lepri, Alessandro Herman-Lamin, Kathy Cholewinska, Grazyna David, Daniel Kuetter, Stefan Ternesgen, Zelalem Uyeki, Timothy M. Lane, H. Clifford Lundgren, Jens Neaton, James D. CA INSIGHT Influenza Study Grp TI Outcomes of Influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 Virus Infection: Results from Two International Cohort Studies SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID 2009 H1N1 INFLUENZA; CRITICALLY-ILL PATIENTS; PANDEMIC INFLUENZA; UNITED-STATES; A H1N1; HOSPITALIZED-PATIENTS; ILLNESS; BACTERIAL; ADULTS; RISK AB Background: Data from prospectively planned cohort studies on risk of major clinical outcomes and prognostic factors for patients with influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 virus are limited. In 2009, in order to assess outcomes and evaluate risk factors for progression of illness, two cohort studies were initiated: FLU 002 in outpatients and FLU 003 in hospitalized patients. Methods and Findings: Between October 2009 and December 2012, adults with influenza-like illness (ILI) were enrolled; outpatients were followed for 14 days and inpatients for 60 days. Disease progression was defined as hospitalization and/or death for outpatients, and hospitalization for >28 days, transfer to intensive care unit (ICU) if enrolled from general ward, and/or death for inpatients. Infection was confirmed by RT-PCR. 590 FLU 002 and 392 FLU 003 patients with influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 were enrolled from 81 sites in 17 countries at 2 days (IQR 1-3) and 6 days (IQR 4-10) following ILI onset, respectively. Disease progression was experienced by 29 (1 death) outpatients (5.1%; 95% CI: 3.4-7.2%) and 80 inpatients [death (32), hospitalization >28 days (43) or ICU transfer (20)] (21.6%; 95% CI: 17.5-26.2%). Disease progression (death) for hospitalized patients was 53.1% (26.6%) and 12.8% (3.8%), respectively, for those enrolled in the ICU and general ward. In pooled analyses for both studies, predictors of disease progression were age, longer duration of symptoms at enrollment and immunosuppression. Patients hospitalized during the pandemic period had a poorer prognosis than in subsequent seasons. Conclusions: Patients with influenza A(H1N1)pdm09, particularly when requiring hospital admission, are at high risk for disease progression, especially if they are older, immunodeficient, or admitted late in infection. These data reinforce the need for international trials of novel treatment strategies for influenza infection and serve as a reminder of the need to monitor the severity of seasonal and pandemic influenza epidemics globally. C1 [Lynfield, Ruth] Minnesota Dept Hlth, Div Infect Dis, St Paul, MN 55124 USA. [Davey, Richard; Lane, H. Clifford] NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Dwyer, Dominic E.] Univ Sydney, Westmead Hosp, Ctr Infect Dis & Microbiol, Dept Virol, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia. [Dwyer, Dominic E.] Univ Sydney, Westmead, NSW 2145, Australia. [Losso, Marcelo H.] Hosp Jose Maria Ramos Mejia, Dept Med, HIV Unit, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Wentworth, Deborah; Herman-Lamin, Kathy; Lundgren, Jens] Univ Minnesota, Div Biostat, Minneapolis, MN USA. [Cozzi-Lepri, Alessandro] UCL, Res Dept Infect & Populat Hlth, London, England. [Cholewinska, Grazyna] Hosp Infect Dis, Warsaw, Poland. [David, Daniel] Hosp Rawson, Cordoba, Argentina. [Kuetter, Stefan] Marlow Med Grp, Marlow, Bucks, England. [Ternesgen, Zelalem] Mayo Clin, Rochester, MN USA. [Uyeki, Timothy M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA USA. [Lundgren, Jens] Univ Copenhagen Hosp, Dept Infect Dis, Rigshosp, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. [Lundgren, Jens] Univ Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. RP Lynfield, R (reprint author), Minnesota Dept Hlth, Div Infect Dis, St Paul, MN 55124 USA. EM Ruth.Lynfield@state.mn.us OI Lundgren, Jens/0000-0001-8901-7850 FU Leidos Prime [HHSN261200800001E]; NCI/NIAID FX Leidos Prime Contract HHSN261200800001E, NCI/NIAID. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to Funding: publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 45 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 7 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUL 8 PY 2014 VL 9 IS 7 AR e101785 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0101785 PG 15 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AL6KZ UT WOS:000339242700065 PM 25004134 ER PT J AU Bigogo, G Amolloh, M Laserson, KF Audi, A Aura, B Dalal, W Ackers, M Burton, D Breiman, RF Feikin, DR AF Bigogo, Godfrey Amolloh, Manase Laserson, Kayla F. Audi, Allan Aura, Barrack Dalal, Warren Ackers, Marta Burton, Deron Breiman, Robert F. Feikin, Daniel R. TI The impact of home-based HIV counseling and testing on care-seeking and incidence of common infectious disease syndromes in rural western Kenya SO BMC INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Home based HIV counseling and testing; Infectious disease incidence; Healthcare seeking ID ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; TRIMETHOPRIM-SULFAMETHOXAZOLE; MORBIDITY SURVEILLANCE; UGANDAN ADULTS; FOLLOW-UP; MORTALITY; PROPHYLAXIS; AFRICA; HEALTH; COTRIMOXAZOLE AB Background: In much of Africa, most individuals living with HIV do not know their status. Home-based counseling and testing (HBCT) leads to more HIV-infected people learning their HIV status. However, there is little data on whether knowing one's HIV-positive status necessarily leads to uptake of HIV care, which could in turn, lead to a reduction in the prevalence of common infectious disease syndromes. Methods: In 2008, Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI) in collaboration with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) offered HBCT to individuals (aged >= 13 years) under active surveillance for infectious disease syndromes in Lwak in rural western Kenya. HIV test results were linked to morbidity and healthcare-seeking data collected by field workers through bi-weekly home visits. We analyzed changes in healthcare seeking behaviors using proportions, and incidence (expressed as episodes per person-year) of acute respiratory illness (ARI), severe acute respiratory illness (SARI), acute febrile illness (AFI) and diarrhea among first-time HIV testers in the year before and after HBCT, stratified by their test result and if HIV-positive, whether they sought care at HIV Patient Support Centers (PSCs). Results: Of 9,613 individuals offered HBCT, 6,366 (66%) were first-time testers, 698 (11%) of whom were HIV-infected. One year after HBCT, 50% of HIV-infected persons had enrolled at PSCs - 92% of whom had started cotrimoxazole and 37% of those eligible for antiretroviral treatment had initiated therapy. Among HIV-infected persons enrolled in PSCs, AFI and diarrhea incidence decreased in the year after HBCT (rate ratio [RR] 0.84; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.77 - 0.91 and RR 0.84, 95% CI 0.73 - 0.98, respectively). Among HIV-infected persons not attending PSCs and among HIV-uninfected persons, decreases in incidence were significantly lower. While decreases also occurred in rates of respiratory illnesses among HIV-positive persons in care, there were similar decreases in the other two groups. Conclusions: Large scale HBCT enabled a large number of newly diagnosed HIV-infected persons to know their HIV status, leading to a change in care seeking behavior and ultimately a decrease in incidence of common infectious disease syndromes through appropriate treatment and care. C1 [Bigogo, Godfrey; Amolloh, Manase; Laserson, Kayla F.; Audi, Allan; Aura, Barrack; Burton, Deron; Feikin, Daniel R.] Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Ctr Global Hlth Res, Kisumu 40100, Kenya. [Bigogo, Godfrey; Audi, Allan; Aura, Barrack; Burton, Deron; Breiman, Robert F.; Feikin, Daniel R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Int Emerging Infect Program Kenya, Nairobi, Kenya. [Laserson, Kayla F.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Dalal, Warren; Ackers, Marta] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global HIV & AIDS, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Bigogo, G (reprint author), Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Ctr Global Hlth Res, POB 1578, Kisumu 40100, Kenya. EM Gbigogo@kemricdc.org FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention through the International Emerging Infections Program (IEIP); President's Emergency Plan for HIV/AIDS relief (PEPFAR) through the Division of Global HIV and AIDS (DGHA) FX Funding for this work was provided by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention through the International Emerging Infections Program (IEIP) and the President's Emergency Plan for HIV/AIDS relief (PEPFAR) through the Division of Global HIV and AIDS (DGHA). We thank the Director of the Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI) for granting permission to publish this work. Special thanks also go to Professor Martien Borgdorff for reviewing this work. We would also like to thank the entire team of field staff, the Lwak community, data teams in Kisumu and the Catholic Relief Services for their involvement in the study. NR 38 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 4 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2334 J9 BMC INFECT DIS JI BMC Infect. Dis. PD JUL 8 PY 2014 VL 14 AR 376 DI 10.1186/1471-2334-14-376 PG 10 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA AL6ZV UT WOS:000339283500001 PM 25005353 ER PT J AU Pascopella, L Franks, J Marks, SM Salcedo, K Schmitz, K Colson, PW Hirsch-Moverman, Y Flood, J Sayles, J AF Pascopella, Lisa Franks, Julie Marks, Suzanne M. Salcedo, Katya Schmitz, Kjersti Colson, Paul W. Hirsch-Moverman, Yael Flood, Jennifer Sayles, Jennifer TI Opportunities for Tuberculosis Diagnosis and Prevention among Persons Living with HIV: A Cross-Sectional Study of Policies and Practices at Four Large Ryan White Program-Funded HIV Clinics SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; INFECTION; GUIDELINES; CARE AB Objective: We describe the frequency and attributes of tuberculosis testing and treatment at four publicly-funded HIV clinics. Methods: We abstracted medical records from a random sample of 600 HIV-infected patients having at least one clinic visit in 2009 at four clinics in New York and Los Angeles Metropolitan Statistical areas. We described testing and treatment for tuberculosis infection (TBI), 2008-2010, and estimated adjusted odds ratios (aORs). We interviewed key informants and described clinic policies and practices. Results: Of 600 patients, 500 were eligible for testing, and 393 (79%) were tested 2008-2010; 107 (21%) did not receive at least one tuberculin skin test or interferon gamma release assay. Results were positive in 20 (5%) patients, negative in 357 (91%), and unknown in 16 (4%). Fourteen (70%) of 20 patients with TBI initiated treatment at the clinics; only three were documented to have completed treatment. Three hundred twenty three (54%) patients had chest radiography, 346 (58%) had tuberculosis symptom screening, and three had tuberculosis disease (117 per 100,000 person-years, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 101-165). Adjusting for site, non-Hispanic ethnicity (aOR = 4.9, 95% CI = 2.6-9.5), and employment (aOR = 1.9, 95% CI = 1.0-3.4) were associated with TBI testing; female gender (aOR = 2.0, 95% CI = 1.4-3.3), non-black race (aOR = 1.7, 95% CI = 1.3-2.5), and unemployment (aOR = 1.5, 95% CI = 1.1-2.1) were associated with chest radiography. Clinics evaluated TBI testing performance annually and identified challenges to TB prevention. Conclusions: Study clinics routinely tested patients for TBI, but did not always document treatment. In a population with a high TB rate, ensuring treatment of TBI may enhance TB prevention. C1 [Pascopella, Lisa; Salcedo, Katya; Flood, Jennifer] Calif Dept Publ Hlth, TB Control Branch, Div Communicable Dis Control, Ctr Infect Dis, Richmond, CA 94804 USA. [Franks, Julie; Schmitz, Kjersti; Colson, Paul W.; Hirsch-Moverman, Yael] Columbia Univ, Mailman Sch Publ Hlth, Int Ctr AIDS Care & Treatment Programs ICAP, New York, NY USA. [Marks, Suzanne M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, Atlanta, GA USA. [Sayles, Jennifer] Los Angeles Cty Dept Publ Hlth, Off AIDS Programs & Policy, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Pascopella, L (reprint author), Calif Dept Publ Hlth, TB Control Branch, Div Communicable Dis Control, Ctr Infect Dis, Richmond, CA 94804 USA. EM lisa.pascopella@cdph.ca.gov FU Tuberculosis Epidemiologic Studies Consortium, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX This research was funded through the Tuberculosis Epidemiologic Studies Consortium, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention or funding agencies. NR 18 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUL 7 PY 2014 VL 9 IS 7 AR e101313 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0101313 PG 9 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AK7WB UT WOS:000338637300035 PM 25000260 ER PT J AU Jaffe, HW Frieden, TR AF Jaffe, Harold W. Frieden, Thomas R. TI Improving health in the USA: progress and challenges SO LANCET LA English DT Editorial Material ID LIFE EXPECTANCY; AIR-POLLUTION; UNITED-STATES; CHILDREN; TRENDS C1 [Jaffe, Harold W.; Frieden, Thomas R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Jaffe, HW (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM hwj1@cdc.gov NR 20 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0140-6736 EI 1474-547X J9 LANCET JI Lancet PD JUL 5 PY 2014 VL 384 IS 9937 BP 3 EP 5 DI 10.1016/S0140-6736(14)61032-1 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA AL1XL UT WOS:000338919600004 PM 24998006 ER PT J AU Bauer, UE Briss, PA Goodman, RA Bowman, BA AF Bauer, Ursula E. Briss, Peter A. Goodman, Richard A. Bowman, Barbara A. TI Prevention of chronic disease in the 21st century: elimination of the leading preventable causes of premature death and disability in the USA SO LANCET LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; GLOBAL BURDEN; SYSTEMATIC ANALYSIS; RISK-FACTORS; 21 REGIONS; HEALTH; IMPROVEMENTS; PREVALENCE; PROGRAM; OBESITY AB With non-communicable conditions accounting for nearly two-thirds of deaths worldwide, the emergence of chronic diseases as the predominant challenge to global health is undisputed. In the USA, chronic diseases are the main causes of poor health, disability, and death, and account for most of health-care expenditures. The chronic disease burden in the USA largely results from a short list of risk factors-including tobacco use, poor diet and physical inactivity (both strongly associated with obesity), excessive alcohol consumption, uncontrolled high blood pressure, and hyperlipidaemia-that can be effectively addressed for individuals and populations. Increases in the burden of chronic diseases are attributable to incidence and prevalence of leading chronic conditions and risk factors (which occur individually and in combination), and population demographics, including ageing and health disparities. To effectively and equitably address the chronic disease burden, public health and health-care systems need to deploy integrated approaches that bundle strategies and interventions, address many risk factors and conditions simultaneously, create population-wide changes, help the population subgroups most affected, and rely on implementation by many sectors, including public-private partnerships and involvement from all stakeholders. To help to meet the chronic disease burden, the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) uses four cross-cutting strategies: (1) epidemiology and surveillance to monitor trends and inform programmes; (2) environmental approaches that promote health and support healthy behaviours; (3) health system interventions to improve the effective use of clinical and other preventive services; and (4) community resources linked to clinical services that sustain improved management of chronic conditions. Establishment of community conditions to support healthy behaviours and promote effective management of chronic conditions will deliver healthier students to schools, healthier workers to employers and businesses, and a healthier population to the health-care system. Collectively, these four strategies will prevent the occurrence of chronic diseases, foster early detection and slow disease progression in people with chronic conditions, reduce complications, support an improved quality of life, and reduce demand on the health-care system. Of crucial importance, with strengthened collaboration between the public health and health-care sectors, the health-care system better uses prevention and early detection services, and population health is improved and sustained by solidifying collaborations between communities and health-care providers. This collaborative approach will improve health equity by building communities that promote health rather than disease, have more accessible and direct care, and focus the health-care system on improving population health. C1 [Bauer, Ursula E.; Briss, Peter A.; Goodman, Richard A.; Bowman, Barbara A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Goodman, RA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM rag4@cdc.gov NR 68 TC 142 Z9 146 U1 19 U2 104 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0140-6736 EI 1474-547X J9 LANCET JI Lancet PD JUL 5 PY 2014 VL 384 IS 9937 BP 45 EP 52 DI 10.1016/S0140-6736(14)60648-6 PG 8 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA AL1XL UT WOS:000338919600025 PM 24996589 ER PT J AU Khabbaz, RF Moseley, RR Steiner, RJ Levitt, AM Bell, BP AF Khabbaz, Rima F. Moseley, Robin R. Steiner, Riley J. Levitt, Alexandra M. Bell, Beth P. TI Challenges of infectious diseases in the USA SO LANCET LA English DT Article ID WEST-NILE-VIRUS; CARBAPENEM-RESISTANT ENTEROBACTERIACEAE; SEXUALLY-TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS; PNEUMOCOCCAL CONJUGATE VACCINE; IMMUNIZATION PRACTICES ACIP; CARE-ASSOCIATED INFECTIONS; BLOOD-STREAM INFECTIONS; MOUNTAIN-SPOTTED-FEVER; CHRONIC HEPATITIS-C; UNITED-STATES AB In the USA, infectious diseases continue to exact a substantial toll on health and health-care resources. Endemic diseases such as chronic hepatitis, HIV, and other sexually transmitted infections affect millions of individuals and widen health disparities. Additional concerns include health-care-associated and foodborne infections-both of which have been targets of broad prevention efforts, with success in some areas, yet major challenges remain. Although substantial progress in reduction of the burden of vaccine-preventable diseases has been made, continued cases and outbreaks of these diseases persist, driven by various contributing factors. Worldwide, emerging and reemerging infections continue to challenge prevention and control strategies while the growing problem of antimicrobial resistance needs urgent action. An important priority for control of infectious disease is to ensure that scientific and technological advances in molecular diagnostics and bioinformatics are well integrated into public health. Broad and diverse partnerships across governments, health care, academia, and industry, and with the public, are essential to effectively reduce the burden of infectious diseases. C1 [Khabbaz, Rima F.; Moseley, Robin R.; Levitt, Alexandra M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Steiner, Riley J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adolescent & Sch Hlth, Natl Ctr HIV Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Bell, Beth P.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Khabbaz, RF (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM rfk1@cdc.gov RI Chiang, Vincent, Ming-Hsien/D-4312-2016 OI Chiang, Vincent, Ming-Hsien/0000-0002-2029-7863 NR 124 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 4 U2 29 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0140-6736 EI 1474-547X J9 LANCET JI Lancet PD JUL 5 PY 2014 VL 384 IS 9937 BP 53 EP 63 DI 10.1016/S0140-6736(14)60890-4 PG 11 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA AL1XL UT WOS:000338919600026 PM 24996590 ER PT J AU Haegerich, TM Dahlberg, LL Simon, TR Baldwin, GT Sleet, DA Greenspan, AI Degutis, LC AF Haegerich, Tamara M. Dahlberg, Linda L. Simon, Thomas R. Baldwin, Grant T. Sleet, David A. Greenspan, Arlene I. Degutis, Linda C. TI Prevention of injury and violence in the USA SO LANCET LA English DT Article ID ADVERSE CHILDHOOD EXPERIENCES; TRAUMATIC BRAIN-INJURY; PEDIATRIC PRIMARY-CARE; UNITED-STATES; PUBLIC-HEALTH; OLDER-ADULTS; EMERGENCY-DEPARTMENT; INTERVENTIONS; RISK; DEATHS AB In the first three decades of life, more individuals in the USA die from injuries and violence than from any other cause. Millions more people survive and are left with physical, emotional, and financial problems. Injuries and violence are not accidents; they are preventable. Prevention has a strong scientific foundation, yet efforts are not fully implemented or integrated into clinical and community settings. In this Series paper, we review the burden of injuries and violence in the USA, note effective interventions, and discuss methods to bring interventions into practice. Alliances between the public health community and medical care organisations, health-care providers, states, and communities can reduce injuries and violence. We encourage partnerships between medical and public health communities to consistently frame injuries and violence as preventable, identify evidence-based interventions, provide scientific information to decision makers, and strengthen the capacity of an integrated health system to prevent injuries and violence. C1 [Haegerich, Tamara M.; Dahlberg, Linda L.; Simon, Thomas R.; Baldwin, Grant T.; Sleet, David A.; Greenspan, Arlene I.; Degutis, Linda C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Haegerich, Tamara M.; Dahlberg, Linda L.; Simon, Thomas R.; Baldwin, Grant T.; Sleet, David A.; Greenspan, Arlene I.; Degutis, Linda C.] US Dept HHS, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Haegerich, TM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Unint Injury Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM thaegerich@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 81 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0140-6736 EI 1474-547X J9 LANCET JI Lancet PD JUL 5 PY 2014 VL 384 IS 9937 BP 64 EP 74 DI 10.1016/S0140-6736(14)60074-X PG 11 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA AL1XL UT WOS:000338919600027 PM 24996591 ER PT J AU Shaw, FE Asomugha, CN Conway, PH Rein, AS AF Shaw, Frederic E. Asomugha, Chisara N. Conway, Patrick H. Rein, Andrew S. TI The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act: opportunities for prevention and public health SO LANCET LA English DT Article ID MEDICARE; AGENCIES AB The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act, which was enacted by the US Congress in 2010, marks the greatest change in US health policy since the 1960s. The law is intended to address fundamental problems within the US health system, including the high and rising cost of care, inadequate access to health insurance and health services for many Americans, and low health-care efficiency and quality. By 2019, the law will bring health coverage-and the health benefits of insurance-to an estimated 25 million more Americans. It has already restrained discriminatory insurance practices, made coverage more affordable, and realised new provisions to curb costs (including tests of new health-care delivery models). The new law establishes the first National Prevention Strategy, adds substantial new funding for prevention and public health programmes, and promotes the use of recommended clinical preventive services and other measures, and thus represents a major opportunity for prevention and public health. The law also provides impetus for greater collaboration between the US health-care and public health systems, which have traditionally operated separately with little interaction. Taken together, the various effects of the Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act can advance the health of the US population. C1 [Shaw, Frederic E.; Rein, Andrew S.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Asomugha, Chisara N.; Conway, Patrick H.] Ctr Medicare & Medicaid Serv, Baltimore, MD USA. RP Rein, AS (reprint author), US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM reinandys@yahoo.com NR 58 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 4 U2 29 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0140-6736 EI 1474-547X J9 LANCET JI Lancet PD JUL 5 PY 2014 VL 384 IS 9937 BP 75 EP 82 DI 10.1016/S0140-6736(14)60259-2 PG 8 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA AL1XL UT WOS:000338919600028 PM 24993913 ER PT J AU Khan, AS Lurie, N AF Khan, Ali S. Lurie, Nicole TI Health security in 2014: building on preparedness knowledge for emerging health threats SO LANCET LA English DT Editorial Material ID H7N9 C1 [Khan, Ali S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, US Dept HHS, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Lurie, Nicole] US Dept HHS, Off Assistant Secretary Preparedness & Response, Washington, DC 20201 USA. RP Khan, AS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, US Dept HHS, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS D-44, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM askhan@cdc.gov NR 14 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0140-6736 EI 1474-547X J9 LANCET JI Lancet PD JUL 5 PY 2014 VL 384 IS 9937 BP 93 EP 97 DI 10.1016/S0140-6736(14)60260-9 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA AL1XL UT WOS:000338919600030 PM 24998007 ER PT J AU Schuchat, A Tappero, J Blandford, J AF Schuchat, Anne Tappero, Jordan Blandford, John TI Global health and the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention SO LANCET LA English DT Editorial Material ID A H7N9 VIRUS; TO-CHILD TRANSMISSION; PUBLIC-HEALTH; HUMAN INFECTION; HIV; SURVEILLANCE; HAITI; POSTEARTHQUAKE; CHOLERA; PEPFAR C1 [Schuchat, Anne; Tappero, Jordan; Blandford, John] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Schuchat, A (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Mailstop A-27,1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM ASchuchat@cdc.gov NR 32 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0140-6736 EI 1474-547X J9 LANCET JI Lancet PD JUL 5 PY 2014 VL 384 IS 9937 BP 98 EP 101 DI 10.1016/S0140-6736(14)60570-5 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA AL1XL UT WOS:000338919600031 PM 24998008 ER PT J AU Broz, D Wejnert, C Pham, HT DiNenno, E Heffelfinger, JD Cribbin, M Krishna, N Teshale, EH Paz-Bailey, G AF Broz, Dita Wejnert, Cyprian Pham, Huong T. DiNenno, Elizabeth Heffelfinger, James D. Cribbin, Melissa Krishna, Nevin Teshale, Eyasu H. Paz-Bailey, Gabriela CA Natl HIV Behav Surveillance Syst TI HIV Infection and Risk, Prevention, and Testing Behaviors Among Injecting Drug Users - National HIV Behavioral Surveillance System, 20 US Cities, 2009 SO MMWR SURVEILLANCE SUMMARIES LA English DT Article ID HEPATITIS-C-VIRUS; UNITED-STATES; SEXUAL TRANSMISSION; METHAMPHETAMINE USE; POLYDRUG USE; PREVALENCE; EQUIPMENT; SEROCONVERSION; INTERVENTIONS; METAANALYSIS AB Problem/Condition: At the end of 2009, an estimated 1,148,200 persons aged >= 13 years were living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in the United States. Despite the recent decreases in HIV infection attributed to injection drug use, 8% of new HIV infections in 2010 occurred among injecting drug users (IDUs). Reporting Period: June-December 2009. Description of System: The National HIV Behavioral Surveillance System (NHBS) collects HIV prevalence and risk behavior data in selected metropolitan statistical areas (MSAs) from three populations at high risk for HIV infection: men who have sex with men, IDUs, and heterosexual adults at increased risk for HIV infection. Data for NHBS are collected in rotating cycles. For the 2009 NHBS cycle, IDUs were recruited in 20 participating MSAs using respondent-driven sampling, a peer-referral sampling method. Participants were eligible if they were aged >= 18 years, lived in a participating MSA, were able to complete a behavioral survey in English or Spanish, and reported that they had injected drugs during the past 12 months. Consenting participants completed an interviewer-administered (face-to-face), anonymous standardized questionnaire about HIV-associated behaviors, and all participants were offered anonymous HIV testing. Analysis of 2009 NHBS data represents the first large assessment of HIV prevalence among IDUs in the United States in > 10 years. Results: This report summarizes two separate analyses using unweighted data from 10,200 eligible IDUs in 20 MSAs from the second collection cycle of NHBS in 2009. Both an HIV infection analysis and a behavioral analysis were conducted. Different denominators were used in each analysis because of the order and type of exclusion criteria applied. For the HIV infection analysis, of the 10,200 eligible participants, 10,090 had a valid HIV test result, of whom 906 (9%) tested positive for HIV (range: 2%-19% by MSA). When 509 participants who reported receiving a previous positive HIV test result were excluded from this analysis, 4% (397 of 9,581 participants) tested HIV-positive. For the behavioral analysis, because knowledge of HIV status might influence risk behaviors, 548 participants who reported a previous HIV-positive test result were excluded from the 10,200 eligible participants. All subsequent analyses were conducted for the remaining 9,652 participants. The most commonly injected drugs during the past 12 months among these participants were heroin (90%), speedball (heroin and cocaine combined) (58%), and cocaine or crack (49%). Large percentages of participants reported receptive sharing of syringes (35%); receptive sharing of other injection equipment, such as cookers, cotton, or water (58%); and receptive sharing of syringes to divide drugs (35%). Many participants reported having unprotected sex with opposite-sex partners during the past 12 months: 70% of men and 73% of women had unprotected vaginal sex, and 25% of men and 21% of women had unprotected anal sex. A combination of unsafe injection-and sex-related behaviors during the past 12 months was commonly reported; 41% of participants who reported unprotected vaginal sex with one or more opposite-sex partners, and 53% of participants who reported unprotected anal sex with one or more opposite-sex partners also reported receptive sharing of syringes. More women than men reported having sex in exchange for money or drugs (31% and 18%, respectively). Among men, 10% had oral or anal sex with one or more male partners during the past 12 months. Many participants (74%) reported noninjection drug use during the past 12 months, and 41% reported binge drinking during the past 30 days. A large percentage of participants (74%) had ever been tested for hepatitis C, 41% had received a hepatitis C virus infection diagnosis, and 29% had received a vaccination against hepatitis A virus, hepatitis B virus, or both. Most (88%) had been tested for HIV during their lifetime, and 49% had been tested during the past 12 months. Approximately half of participants received free HIV prevention materials during the past 12 months, including condoms (50%) and sterile syringes (44%) and other injection equipment (41%). One third of participants had been in an alcohol or a drug treatment program, and 21% had participated in an individual-or a group-level HIV behavioral intervention. Interpretation: IDUs in the United States continue to engage in sexual and drug-use behaviors that increase their risk for HIV infection. The large percentage of participants in this study who reported engaging in both unprotected sex and receptive sharing of syringes supports the need for HIV prevention programs to address both injection and sex-related risk behaviors among IDUs. Although most participants had been tested for HIV infection previously, less than half had been tested in the past year as recommended by CDC. In addition, many participants had not been vaccinated against hepatitis A and B as recommended by CDC. Although all participants had injected drugs during the past year, only a small percentage had recently participated in an alcohol or a drug treatment program or in a behavioral intervention, suggesting an unmet need for drug treatment and HIV prevention services. Public Health Action: To reduce the number of HIV infections among IDUs, additional efforts are needed to decrease the number of persons who engage in behaviors that increase their risk for HIV infection and to increase their access to HIV testing, alcohol and drug treatment, and other HIV prevention programs. The National HIV/ AIDS Strategy for the United States delineates a coordinated response to reduce HIV incidence and HIV-related health disparities among IDUs and other disproportionately affected groups. CDC's high-impact HIV prevention approach provides an essential step toward achieving these goals by using combinations of scientifically proven, cost-effective, and scalable interventions among populations at greatest risk. NHBS data can be used to monitor progress toward the national strategy goals and to guide national and local planning efforts to maximize the impact of HIV prevention programs. C1 [Broz, Dita; Wejnert, Cyprian; DiNenno, Elizabeth; Heffelfinger, James D.; Cribbin, Melissa; Krishna, Nevin; Paz-Bailey, Gabriela] CDC, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Pham, Huong T.] ICF Int, Atlanta, GA USA. [Teshale, Eyasu H.] CDC, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Div Viral Hepatitis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Broz, D (reprint author), CDC, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM DBroz@cdc.gov NR 83 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 3 U2 11 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL & PREVENTION PI ATLANTA PA MAILSTOP E-90, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1545-8636 J9 MMWR SURVEILL SUMM JI MMWR Surv. Summ. PD JUL 4 PY 2014 VL 63 IS 6 BP 1 EP 51 PG 51 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AM9BE UT WOS:000340173600001 PM 24990587 ER PT J AU Lauck, M Switzer, WM Sibley, SD Hyeroba, D Tumukunde, A Weny, G Shankar, A Greene, JM Ericsen, AJ Zheng, HQ Ting, N Chapman, CA Friedrich, TC Goldberg, TL O'Connor, DH AF Lauck, Michael Switzer, William M. Sibley, Samuel D. Hyeroba, David Tumukunde, Alex Weny, Geoffrey Shankar, Anupama Greene, Justin M. Ericsen, Adam J. Zheng, HaoQiang Ting, Nelson Chapman, Colin A. Friedrich, Thomas C. Goldberg, Tony L. O'Connor, David H. TI Discovery and full genome characterization of a new SIV lineage infecting red-tailed guenons (Cercopithecus ascanius schmidti) in Kibale National Park, Uganda SO RETROVIROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Simian immunodeficiency virus; SIV; Non-human primates; Guenons; Uganda; Kibale National Park ID SIMIAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION; ALIGNMENT; PROVIDES AB Background: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 and 2, the causative agents of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), emerged from African non-human primates (NHPs) through zoonotic transmission of simian immunodeficiency viruses (SIV). Among African NHPs, the Cercopithecus genus contains the largest number of species known to harbor SIV. However, our understanding of the diversity and evolution of SIVs infecting this genus is limited by incomplete taxonomic and geographic sampling, particularly in East Africa. In this study, we screened blood specimens from red-tailed guenons (Cercopithecus ascanius schmidti) from Kibale National Park, Uganda, for the presence of novel SIVs using unbiased deep-sequencing. Findings: We describe and characterize the first full-length SIV genomes from wild red-tailed guenons in Kibale National Park, Uganda. This new virus, tentatively named SIVrtg_Kib, was detected in five out of twelve animals and is highly divergent from other Cercopithecus SIVs as well as from previously identified SIVs infecting red-tailed guenons, thus forming a new SIV lineage. Conclusions: Our results show that the genetic diversity of SIVs infecting red-tailed guenons is greater than previously appreciated. This diversity could be the result of cross-species transmission between different guenon species or limited gene flow due to geographic separation among guenon populations. C1 [Lauck, Michael; Greene, Justin M.; Ericsen, Adam J.; Friedrich, Thomas C.; Goldberg, Tony L.; O'Connor, David H.] Wisconsin Natl Primate Res Ctr, Madison, WI 53705 USA. [Switzer, William M.; Shankar, Anupama; Zheng, HaoQiang] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Branch Lab, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Sibley, Samuel D.; Friedrich, Thomas C.; Goldberg, Tony L.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Pathobiol Sci, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Hyeroba, David; Tumukunde, Alex; Weny, Geoffrey; Chapman, Colin A.; Goldberg, Tony L.] Makerere Univ, Kampala, Uganda. [Ting, Nelson] Univ Oregon, Dept Anthropol, Eugene, OR 97403 USA. [Ting, Nelson] Univ Oregon, Inst Ecol & Evolut, Eugene, OR 97403 USA. [Chapman, Colin A.] McGill Univ, Dept Anthropol, Montreal, PQ, Canada. [Chapman, Colin A.] McGill Univ, Sch Environm, Montreal, PQ, Canada. [Chapman, Colin A.] Wildlife Conservat Soc, Bronx, NY USA. [O'Connor, David H.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Madison, WI USA. RP O'Connor, DH (reprint author), Wisconsin Natl Primate Res Ctr, 555 Sci Dr, Madison, WI 53705 USA. EM david.h.oconnor@gmail.com OI Sibley, Samuel/0000-0002-6754-3187; o'connor, david/0000-0003-2139-470X; Friedrich, Thomas/0000-0001-9831-6895; Ericsen, Adam/0000-0003-4176-8270 FU NIH, NIH-NSF Ecology of Infectious Disease program [TW009237]; UK Economic and Social Research Council; National Institutes of Health [R01 AI084787, R01 AI077376-04A1]; National Center for Research Resources [RR000167]; Office of Research Infrastructure Programs (ORIP) [P51OD011106]; Research Facilities Improvement Program [RR15459-01, RR020141-01] FX This work was funded by NIH grant TW009237 as part of the joint NIH-NSF Ecology of Infectious Disease program and the UK Economic and Social Research Council and in part by National Institutes of Health grants R01 AI084787 and R01 AI077376-04A1; it was also supported by National Center for Research Resources grant RR000167 and the Office of Research Infrastructure Programs (ORIP) grant P51OD011106. The research was conducted, in part, at a facility constructed with support from Research Facilities Improvement Program grants RR15459-01 and RR020141-01. Use of trade names is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by the U. S. Department of Health and Human Services, the Public Health Service, or the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 25 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 13 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1742-4690 J9 RETROVIROLOGY JI Retrovirology PD JUL 4 PY 2014 VL 11 AR 55 DI 10.1186/1742-4690-11-55 PG 8 WC Virology SC Virology GA AL4AC UT WOS:000339073800001 PM 24996566 ER PT J AU Wheaton, AG Shults, RA Chapman, DP Ford, ES Croft, JB AF Wheaton, Anne G. Shults, Ruth A. Chapman, Daniel P. Ford, Earl S. Croft, Janet B. TI Drowsy Driving and Risk Behaviors-10 States and Puerto Rico, 2011-2012 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article ID DRIVER; ASLEEP; SLEEP C1 [Wheaton, Anne G.; Chapman, Daniel P.; Ford, Earl S.; Croft, Janet B.] CDC, Div Populat Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Shults, Ruth A.] CDC, Div Unintent Injury Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Wheaton, AG (reprint author), CDC, Div Populat Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM awheaton@cdc.gov NR 10 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 3 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL & PREVENTION PI ATLANTA PA MAILSTOP E-90, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD JUL 4 PY 2014 VL 63 IS 26 BP 557 EP 562 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AK8XG UT WOS:000338711400001 PM 24990488 ER PT J AU Paulozzi, LJ Mack, KA Hockenberry, JM AF Paulozzi, Leonard J. Mack, Karin A. Hockenberry, Jason M. TI Vital Signs: Variation Among States in Prescribing of Opioid Pain Relievers and Benzodiazepines - United States, 2012 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article ID GEOGRAPHIC-VARIATION; REGIONAL-VARIATIONS; ANALGESICS; FLORIDA; DEATHS; ABUSE AB Background: Overprescribing of opioid pain relievers (OPR) can result in multiple adverse health outcomes, including fatal overdoses. Interstate variation in rates of prescribing OPR and other prescription drugs prone to abuse, such as benzodiazepines, might indicate areas where prescribing patterns need further evaluation. Methods: CDC analyzed a commercial database (IMS Health) to assess the potential for improved prescribing of OPR and other drugs. CDC calculated state rates and measures of variation for OPR, long-acting/extended-release (LA/ER) OPR, high-dose OPR, and benzodiazepines. Results: In 2012, prescribers wrote 82.5 OPR and 37.6 benzodiazepine prescriptions per 100 persons in the United States. State rates varied 2.7-fold for OPR and 3.7-fold for benzodiazepines. For both OPR and benzodiazepines, rates were higher in the South census region, and three Southern states were two or more standard deviations above the mean. Rates for LA/ER and high-dose OPR were highest in the Northeast. Rates varied 22-fold for one type of OPR, oxymorphone. Conclusions: Factors accounting for the regional variation are unknown. Such wide variations are unlikely to be attributable to underlying differences in the health status of the population. High rates indicate the need to identify prescribing practices that might not appropriately balance pain relief and patient safety. Implications for Public Health: State policy makers might reduce the harms associated with abuse of prescription drugs by implementing changes that will make the prescribing of these drugs more cautious and more consistent with clinical recommendations. C1 [Paulozzi, Leonard J.] CDC, Div Unintent Injury Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Mack, Karin A.] CDC, Div Anal Res & Practice Integrat, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Hockenberry, Jason M.] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Policy & Management, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Paulozzi, LJ (reprint author), CDC, Div Unintent Injury Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM lpaulozzi@cdc.gov NR 18 TC 51 Z9 51 U1 2 U2 5 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL & PREVENTION PI ATLANTA PA MAILSTOP E-90, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD JUL 4 PY 2014 VL 63 IS 26 BP 563 EP 568 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AK8XG UT WOS:000338711400002 PM 24990489 ER PT J AU Johnson, H Paulozzi, L Porucznik, C Mack, K Herter, B AF Johnson, Hal Paulozzi, Leonard Porucznik, Christina Mack, Karin Herter, Blake TI Decline in Drug Overdose Deaths After State Policy Changes - Florida, 2010-2012 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article C1 [Johnson, Hal] Florida Dept Hlth, Div Dis Control & Hlth Promot, Hollywood, FL USA. [Paulozzi, Leonard] CDC, Div Unintent Injury Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Porucznik, Christina] Univ Utah, Dept Family & Prevent Med, Salt Lake City, UT 84112 USA. [Mack, Karin] CDC, Div Anal Res & Practice Integrat, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM hal@hjc-epi.com NR 10 TC 48 Z9 48 U1 1 U2 3 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL & PREVENTION PI ATLANTA PA MAILSTOP E-90, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD JUL 4 PY 2014 VL 63 IS 26 BP 569 EP 574 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AK8XG UT WOS:000338711400003 PM 24990490 ER PT J AU Parker, EM Ear, C Roehler, DR Sann, S Sem, P Ballesteros, MF AF Parker, Erin M. Ear, Chariya Roehler, Douglas R. Sann, Socheata Sem, Panhavuth Ballesteros, Michael F. TI Surveillance of Road Crash Injuries in Cambodia: An Evaluation of the Cambodia Road Crash and Victim Information System (RCVIS) SO TRAFFIC INJURY PREVENTION LA English DT Article DE traffic crash; motor vehicles; surveillance; evaluation AB Objective: Worldwide, 1.24 million deaths and 20-50 million road crash injuries occur annually, with a disproportionate burden on low- and middle-income countries. Facing continued growth in motorized vehicles, Cambodia has begun to address road safety, including the creation of a nationwide road crash surveillance system, the Road Crash and Victim Information System (RCVIS). This study evaluates the RCVIS to understand whether road crash injuries are being monitored efficiently and effectively and to identify areas for improvement. Methods: We used the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's "Guidelines for Evaluating Public Health Surveillance Systems" (CDC 2001) as an evaluation framework. To assess system attributes, we conducted in-person interviews with Cambodian road safety stakeholders, including representatives from the Ministries of Health and Interior, and reviewed RCVIS annual reports and system operation documents. Characteristics assessed include usefulness, flexibility, acceptability, sensitivity, representativeness, data quality, and timeliness. Results: The Cambodian government uses RCVIS data extensively for road safety planning purposes. RCVIS participation varies by type of data source, with 100 percent of police districts and 65 percent of hospitals reporting in 2010. Representativeness over time is a limitation-between 2007 and 2008, the number of reporting hospitals decreased from 65 to 42. From 2007 to 2010, the number of nonfatal injuries reported to RCVIS decreased by 35 percent, despite rapid growth in vehicle registrations. The system is timely, with annual reports disseminated within 10 months to more than 250 stakeholders. Conclusion: The RCVIS provides a strong foundation for the surveillance of road crash injuries and fatalities in Cambodia. Differences in participation by data source and reduced hospital participation over time affect data representativeness and may indicate issues with acceptability. Recommendations include working with hospitals to standardize reporting procedures and to increase awareness about the usefulness of the data they collect. C1 [Parker, Erin M.; Roehler, Douglas R.; Ballesteros, Michael F.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Unintent Injury Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Parker, Erin M.] CDC, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Ear, Chariya; Sann, Socheata; Sem, Panhavuth] Handicap Int, Phnom Penh, Cambodia. RP Parker, EM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Unintent Injury Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, 4770 Buford Highway NE,MS-F62, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM eparker@cdc.gov FU Columbus Technologies and Services, El Segundo, California; McNeal Professional Services, Kennesaw, Georgia FX Douglas R. Roehler was under contract from Columbus Technologies and Services, El Segundo, California, and McNeal Professional Services, Kennesaw, Georgia. NR 8 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 11 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 520 CHESTNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1538-9588 EI 1538-957X J9 TRAFFIC INJ PREV JI Traffic Inj. Prev. PD JUL 4 PY 2014 VL 15 IS 5 BP 477 EP 482 DI 10.1080/15389588.2013.836597 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Transportation SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Transportation GA AE5ZF UT WOS:000334067100009 PM 24215613 ER PT J AU Araujo, J Ghiya, ND Calugar, A Popovic, T AF Araujo, John Ghiya, Neelam D. Calugar, Angela Popovic, Tanja TI Analysis of Three Factors Possibly Influencing the Outcome of a Science Review Process SO ACCOUNTABILITY IN RESEARCH-POLICIES AND QUALITY ASSURANCE LA English DT Article ID JOURNAL IMPACT FACTOR AB We analyzed a process for the annual selection of a Federal agency's best peer-reviewed, scientific papers with the goal to develop a relatively simple method that would use publicly available data to assess the presence of factors, other than scientific excellence and merit, in an award-making process that is to recognize scientific excellence and merit. Our specific goals were (a) to determine if journal, disease category, or major paper topics affected the scientific-review outcome by (b) developing design and analytic approaches to detect potential bias in the scientific review process. While indeed journal, disease category, and major paper topics were unrelated to winning, our methodology was sensitive enough to detect differences between the ranks of journals for winners and non-winners. C1 [Araujo, John; Ghiya, Neelam D.; Calugar, Angela; Popovic, Tanja] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Associate Director Sci, Off Director, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Popovic, T (reprint author), CDC, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS D50, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM txp1@cdc.gov NR 32 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 25 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0898-9621 EI 1545-5815 J9 ACCOUNT RES JI Account. Res. PD JUL 4 PY 2014 VL 21 IS 4 BP 241 EP 264 DI 10.1080/08989621.2013.848798 PG 24 WC Medical Ethics SC Medical Ethics GA 287TG UT WOS:000329564500001 PM 24422703 ER PT J AU Wheeler, MW Dunson, DB Pandalai, SP Baker, BA Herring, AH AF Wheeler, Matthew W. Dunson, David B. Pandalai, Sudha P. Baker, Brent A. Herring, Amy H. TI Mechanistic Hierarchical Gaussian Processes SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN STATISTICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article DE Muscle force; Gaussian process; Ordinary differential equations; Stochastic differential equations; Functional data analysis ID STRETCH-SHORTENING CONTRACTIONS; SKELETAL-MUSCLE FORCE; CHRONIC EXPOSURE; PARAMETER-ESTIMATION; OLD RATS; MODELS; AGE; PERFORMANCE; SYSTEM; YOUNG AB The statistics literature on functional data analysis focuses primarily on flexible black-box approaches, which are designed to allow individual curves to have essentially any shape while characterizing variability. Such methods typically cannot incorporate mechanistic information, which is commonly expressed in terms of differential equations. Motivated by studies of muscle activation, we propose a nonparametric Bayesian approach that takes into account mechanistic understanding of muscle physiology. A novel class of hierarchical Gaussian processes is defined that favors curves consistent with differential equations defined on motor, damper, spring systems. A Gibbs sampler is proposed to sample from the posterior distribution and applied to a study of rats exposed to noninjurious muscle activation protocols. Although motivated by muscle force data, a parallel approach can be used to include mechanistic information in broad functional data analysis applications. C1 [Wheeler, Matthew W.; Pandalai, Sudha P.] NIOSH, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Dunson, David B.] Duke Univ, Dept Stat Sci, Durham, NC 27708 USA. [Baker, Brent A.] NIOSH, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Herring, Amy H.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Biostat, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. RP Wheeler, MW (reprint author), NIOSH, 4676 Columbia Pkwy, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM mwheeler@cdc.gov; dunson@stat.duke.edu; gvy5@cdc.gov; bwb3@cdc.gov; amy_herring@unc.edu FU NIH [ES017436, 5R01ES020619] FX This research was supported in part by NIH grants ES017436 and 5R01ES020619. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. NR 42 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER STATISTICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 732 N WASHINGTON ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-1943 USA SN 0162-1459 EI 1537-274X J9 J AM STAT ASSOC JI J. Am. Stat. Assoc. PD JUL 3 PY 2014 VL 109 IS 507 BP 894 EP 904 DI 10.1080/01621459.2014.899234 PG 11 WC Statistics & Probability SC Mathematics GA AQ5MA UT WOS:000342852100005 PM 25541568 ER PT J AU Kissin, DM Jamieson, DJ Barfield, WD AF Kissin, Dmitry M. Jamieson, Denise J. Barfield, Wanda D. TI Monitoring Health Outcomes of Assisted Reproductive Technology SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Letter ID STATES C1 [Kissin, Dmitry M.; Jamieson, Denise J.; Barfield, Wanda D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Kissin, DM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM dkissin@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 5 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 5 PU MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SOC PI WALTHAM PA WALTHAM WOODS CENTER, 860 WINTER ST,, WALTHAM, MA 02451-1413 USA SN 0028-4793 EI 1533-4406 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD JUL 3 PY 2014 VL 371 IS 1 BP 91 EP 93 DI 10.1056/NEJMc1404371 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA AK2RA UT WOS:000338265700037 PM 24988584 ER PT J AU Voelker, R AF Voelker, Rebecca TI Indoor Firing Ranges Pose Lead Exposure Risk SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT News Item C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Voelker, R (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 330 N WABASH AVE, STE 39300, CHICAGO, IL 60611-5885 USA SN 0098-7484 EI 1538-3598 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD JUL 2 PY 2014 VL 312 IS 1 BP 20 EP 20 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA AK0UK UT WOS:000338131100009 ER PT J AU Voelker, R AF Voelker, Rebecca TI Injuries From Ladder Falls Draw Greater Scrutiny SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT News Item C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Voelker, R (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 330 N WABASH AVE, STE 39300, CHICAGO, IL 60611-5885 USA SN 0098-7484 EI 1538-3598 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD JUL 2 PY 2014 VL 312 IS 1 BP 20 EP 20 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA AK0UK UT WOS:000338131100008 ER PT J AU Voelker, R AF Voelker, Rebecca TI Racers Contract Campylobacter Infection on Nevada Obstacle Course SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT News Item C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Voelker, R (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 330 N WABASH AVE, STE 39300, CHICAGO, IL 60611-5885 USA SN 0098-7484 EI 1538-3598 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD JUL 2 PY 2014 VL 312 IS 1 BP 21 EP 21 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA AK0UK UT WOS:000338131100011 ER PT J AU Voelker, R AF Voelker, Rebecca TI Increased Effort Needed to Prevent Falls as the US Population Ages SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT News Item C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Voelker, R (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 330 N WABASH AVE, STE 39300, CHICAGO, IL 60611-5885 USA SN 0098-7484 EI 1538-3598 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD JUL 2 PY 2014 VL 312 IS 1 BP 21 EP 21 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA AK0UK UT WOS:000338131100010 ER PT J AU Huang, E Gurzau, AE Hanson, BM Kates, AE Smith, TC Pettigrew, MM Spinu, M Rabinowitz, PM AF Huang, Eileen Gurzau, Anca E. Hanson, Blake M. Kates, Ashley E. Smith, Tara C. Pettigrew, Melinda M. Spinu, Marina Rabinowitz, Peter M. TI Detection of livestock-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus among swine workers in Romania SO JOURNAL OF INFECTION AND PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus (MRSA); Antimicrobial resistance; Occupational exposure; Zoonoses; Swine ID MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION; RISK-FACTOR; PIG FARMS; TRANSMISSION; PREVALENCE; NETHERLANDS; STRAINS; CARRIAGE; POULTRY; HUMANS AB Background: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a devastating pathogen that is associated with high morbidity and mortality worldwide. Livestock are a well-known reservoir for this pathogen, which poses substantial health risks for livestock workers. Little is known about the epidemiology of livestock-associated MRSA (LA-MRSA) among livestock workers in Eastern Europe. Methods: To study the epidemiology of LA-MRSA among swine workers in Romania, we collected and characterized nasal and oropharygneal samples from swine workers on commercial pig farms. A survey that included questions about work-related tasks, biosafety practices, contact with animals, and health status was used to assess the risk factors that were potentially associated with LA-MRSA colonization. Results: The prevalence of MRSA colonization among swine workers was 6.8%. Two LA-MRSA strains with the spa types t034 and toll and one likely communityassociated MRSA strain with the spa type t321 were isolated from workers on five farms. Interestingly, all MRSA carriers worked on farms that imported animals from other production facilities. Conclusion: This is the first study to confirm the presence of LA-MRSA among swine workers in Romania and suggests the need to minimize the risk of LA-MRSA-related infections in swine workers and their community contacts. The findings also suggest a link between the commercial movement of swine and the introduction of LA-MRSA. (C) 2014 King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Huang, Eileen; Pettigrew, Melinda M.] Yale Univ, Yale Sch Publ Hlth, New Haven, CT USA. [Gurzau, Anca E.] Ctr Environm Hlth, Cluj Napoca 400240, Romania. [Hanson, Blake M.; Kates, Ashley E.; Smith, Tara C.] Univ Iowa, Coll Publ Hlth, Iowa City, IA USA. [Spinu, Marina] Univ Agr Sci & Vet Med, Fac Vet Med, Cluj Napoca, Romania. [Rabinowitz, Peter M.] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Huang, E (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop C12, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM Eileen.Huang11@gmail.com FU David Dull Internship fund from the Yale School of Public Health FX We would like to thank Andrea Blaga, Adriana Opincariu, and Alexandru Zeic for helping with the data collection, JMI Laboratories in North Liberty, Iowa, USA for providing positive control DNA for the cfr PCR, and the farm owners who provided access to their facilities and allowed us to recruit workers for this study. This study was supported by the David Dull Internship fund from the Yale School of Public Health. NR 40 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE LONDON PI LONDON PA 84 THEOBALDS RD, LONDON WC1X 8RR, ENGLAND SN 1876-0341 EI 1876-035X J9 J INFECT PUBLIC HEAL JI J. Infect. Public Health PD JUL-AUG PY 2014 VL 7 IS 4 BP 323 EP 332 DI 10.1016/j.jiph.2014.03.008 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA CI7RW UT WOS:000354963100009 PM 24821273 ER PT J AU Goode, AM Roberts, RM AF Goode, Ann Marie Roberts, Rebecca M. TI Pharmacists and physicians get smart about antibiotics: A prescription for change SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN PHARMACISTS ASSOCIATION LA English DT Letter C1 [Goode, Ann Marie] Auburn Univ, Harrison Sch Pharm, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Roberts, Rebecca M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Resp Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Goode, AM (reprint author), Auburn Univ, Harrison Sch Pharm, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. EM goodean@auburn.edu NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHARMACEUTICAL ASSOC PI WASHINGTON PA 2215 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20037 USA SN 1544-3191 EI 1544-3450 J9 J AM PHARM ASSOC JI J. Am. Pharm. Assoc. PD JUL-AUG PY 2014 VL 54 IS 4 BP 324 EP + DI 10.1331/JAPhA.2014.14051 PG 2 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA AU4RZ UT WOS:000345600500001 PM 25063252 ER PT J AU Tsai, Y Zhou, F Kim, IK AF Tsai, Y. Zhou, F. Kim, I. K. TI The burden of influenza-like illness in the US workforce SO OCCUPATIONAL MEDICINE-OXFORD LA English DT Article DE Disease burden; influenza-like illness; work absenteeism ID WORKING ADULTS; UNITED-STATES; COST-BENEFIT; VACCINATION; HEALTHY; HOSPITALIZATIONS; POPULATION; EMPLOYEES; CHILDREN; DISEASE AB Background The disease burden of influenza-like illnesses (ILIs) on the working population has been documented in the literature, but statistical evidence of ILI-related work absenteeism in the USA is limited due to data availability. Aims To assess work absenteeism due to ILIs among privately insured employees in the USA in 2007-8 and 2008-9. Methods We used the 2007-9 MarketScan (R) research databases. Full-time employees aged 18-64 years, with the ability to incur work absence and continuously enroled in the same insurance plan during each season were included. We identified ILI episodes using ICD-9 codes for influenza and pneumonia (480-487). For each season, we calculated the mean work-loss hours per ILI episode and the proportion of employees who had at least one ILI episode. Work-loss hours and ILI rates were examined by subgroups. Results The mean number of work hours lost per ILI episode was 23.6 in 2007-8 and 23.9 in 2008-9. The proportion of employees with at least one ILI was 1.7% in 2007-8 and 1.2% in 2008-9. In both seasons, the proportion with ILI was higher among older (2.1 and 1.5%) and hourly workers (2.0 and 1.3%), workers in the southern region (1.9 and 1.3%) and those in oil, gas or mining industries (1.9 and 1.4%). Conclusions Our results indicate that the disease burden associated with ILIs in the working population is not trivial and deserves attention from policymakers and health care professionals to design effective strategies to reduce this burden. C1 [Tsai, Y.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Carter Consulting, NCIRD, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Zhou, F.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, NCIRD, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Kim, I. K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Battelle Mem Inst, NCIRD, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Tsai, Y (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS A19, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM ytsai@cdc.gov NR 29 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 3 U2 4 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0962-7480 EI 1471-8405 J9 OCCUP MED-OXFORD JI Occup. Med.-Oxf. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 64 IS 5 BP 341 EP 347 DI 10.1093/occmed/kqu022 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AT0RN UT WOS:000344642800008 PM 24659109 ER PT J AU Secor, WE AF Secor, William Evan TI Water-based interventions for schistosomiasis control SO PATHOGENS AND GLOBAL HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Schistosomiasis; Control; Elimination; Water; Snail; Transmission ID CRAYFISH PROCAMBARUS-CLARKII; NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES; CLUSTER-RANDOMIZED-TRIAL; REPUBLIC-OF-CHINA; 3 GORGES DAM; BIOLOGICAL-CONTROL; LAKE MALAWI; HAEMATOBIUM TRANSMISSION; BIOMPHALARIA-GLABRATA; INTERMEDIATE HOST AB Mass drug administration with praziquantel is the mainstay of programs for the control of schistosomiasis morbidity. However, there is a growing recognition that treatment alone will not be sufficient for eventually effecting elimination and that additional measures will be required to interrupt transmission. In the absence of a safe and an effective vaccine for human schistosomiasis, the strategies to reduce infection levels will necessarily involve some interventions that affect the water-related stages of the schistosome life cycle: by reducing exposure to infectious water, by moderating availability of the intermediate snail host, or by decreasing contamination of water with egg-containing excreta. While much research on the importance of water on schistosomiasis has been performed, advances in these areas have perhaps languished with the ready availability of a cost-effective treatment. As some endemic areas near a shift to an elimination goal, a better understanding of water-based interventions that can be used alone or in concert with treatment will be needed. Reinvigoration of laboratory, field, and human behavioral aspects of this research now will ensure that the appropriate strategies are available by the time their implementation becomes necessary. C1 [Secor, William Evan] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Global Hlth, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Secor, WE (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Global Hlth, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Parasit Dis Branch, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mailstop D-65, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM was4@cdc.gov NR 69 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 13 PU MANEY PUBLISHING PI LEEDS PA STE 1C, JOSEPHS WELL, HANOVER WALK, LEEDS LS3 1AB, W YORKS, ENGLAND SN 2047-7724 EI 2047-7732 J9 PATHOG GLOB HEALTH JI Pathog. Glob. Health PD JUL PY 2014 VL 108 IS 5 BP 246 EP 254 DI 10.1179/2047773214Y.0000000149 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA AT3SJ UT WOS:000344853600007 ER PT J AU Park, S Pan, LP Lankford, T AF Park, Sohyun Pan, Liping Lankford, Tina TI Relationship Between Employment Characteristics and Obesity Among Employed U.S. Adults SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HEALTH PROMOTION LA English DT Article DE Employment; Obesity; Weight Status; Adults; Employees; Worksite; Workplace; Prevention Research ID SUGAR-SWEETENED BEVERAGES; US ADULTS; SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM; ENERGY-INTAKE; SITTING TIME; RISK-FACTORS; HEALTH; WORKERS; OVERWEIGHT; CONSUMPTION AB Purpose. This study examined associations between employment characteristics and obesity among a sample representing civilian noninstitutionalized US. adults. Design. Quantitative, cross-sectional study. Setting. Workplace. Subjects. The 2010 National Health Interview Survey data for 15,121 employed adults (>= 18 years). Measures. The outcome variable was weight status, and exposure variables were employment characteristics (number of employees, work hours, paid by the hour, paid sick leave, and health insurance offered). Analysis. Multivariate logistic regression was used to estimate adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIS) for employment characteristics associated with obesity (body mass index [BMI] >= 30 kg/m(2)) after controlling for age, sex, race/ethnicity, education, family income, fruit/vegetable intake, physical activity, smoking, and occupations. Results. Nationwide, 28% of employed adults were obese. From multivariate logistic regression, the odds of being obese was significantly greater among adults who worked at a company with 100 to 499 employees (OR = 1.19, 95% CI = 1.02-1.39) vs. with I to 24 employees and those who worked >50 hours/week (OR = 1.32, 95% CI = 1.05-1.65) vs. <30 hours/week. Conclusion. Approximately 3 out of 10 employees were obese and 6 out of 10 were overweight or obese. A better understanding of why these employment characteristics are associated with obesity could help employers better develop and target interventions for obesity prevention and treatment in the worksites. C1 [Park, Sohyun; Pan, Liping] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Lankford, Tina] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Director, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Park, S (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,Mailstop F77, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM spark3@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 45 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 13 PU AMER JOURNAL HEALTH PROMOTION INC PI TROY PA PO BOX 1254, TROY, MI 48099-1254 USA SN 0890-1171 EI 2168-6602 J9 AM J HEALTH PROMOT JI Am. J. Health Promot. PD JUL-AUG PY 2014 VL 28 IS 6 BP 389 EP 396 DI 10.4278/ajhp.130207-QUAN-64 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AR8XY UT WOS:000343855800006 PM 24200331 ER PT J AU Chattaway, MA Kamara, A Rhodes, F Kaffeta, K Jambai, A Alemu, W Islam, MS Freeman, MM Welfare, W Harding, D Samba, AF Abu, M Kamanda, S Grant, K Jenkins, C Nair, S Connell, S Siorvanes, L Desai, S Allen, C Frost, M Hughes, D Jeffrey, Z Gill, N Salter, M AF Chattaway, Marie Anne Kamara, Abdul Rhodes, Fay Kaffeta, Konneh Jambai, Amara Alemu, Wondimagegnehu Islam, Mohammed Sirajul Freeman, Molly M. Welfare, William Harding, Doris Samba, Ahmed F. Abu, Musu Kamanda, Sylvester Grant, Kathie Jenkins, Claire Nair, Satheesh Connell, Steve Siorvanes, Lisa Desai, Sarika Allen, Collette Frost, Margaret Hughes, Daniel Jeffrey, Zonya Gill, Noel Salter, Mark TI Establishing an enteric bacteria reference laboratory in Sierra Leone SO JOURNAL OF INFECTION IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES LA English DT Article DE Cholera; Sierra Leone; enteric disease; Salmonella; Shigella ID DEVELOPING-COUNTRIES; CHOLERA; BURDEN AB In 2012, Sierra Leone experienced its worst cholera outbreak in over 15 years affecting 12 of the country's 13 districts. With limited diagnostic capability, particularly in bacterial culture, the cholera outbreak was initially confirmed by microbiological testing of clinical specimens outside of Sierra Leone. During 2012 - 2013, in direct response to the lack of diagnostic microbiology facilities, and to assist in investigating and monitoring the cholera outbreak, diagnostic and reference services were established in Sierra Leone at the Central Public Health Reference Laboratory focusing specifically on isolating and identifying Vibrio cholerae and other enteric bacterial pathogens. Sierra Leone is now capable of confirming cholera cases by reference laboratory testing. C1 [Chattaway, Marie Anne; Welfare, William; Grant, Kathie; Jenkins, Claire; Nair, Satheesh; Connell, Steve; Siorvanes, Lisa; Desai, Sarika; Allen, Collette; Frost, Margaret; Hughes, Daniel; Jeffrey, Zonya; Gill, Noel; Salter, Mark] Publ Hlth England, London NW9 5EQ, England. [Alemu, Wondimagegnehu] WHO, Country Off, Kampala, Uganda. [Islam, Mohammed Sirajul] Int Ctr Diarrhoeal Dis Res, Global Outbreak Response Alert Network, Dhaka, Bangladesh. [Freeman, Molly M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Chattaway, MA (reprint author), Publ Hlth England, Gastrointestinal Bacteria Reference Unit, 61 Colindale Ave, London NW9 5EQ, England. EM marie.chattaway@phe.gov.uk OI Nair, Satheesh/0000-0002-7297-1485 FU Health Protection Agency; Public Health England; WHO; DFID FX This project was funded by the Health Protection Agency and its successor, Public Health England. Thank you to WHO for providing the transportation and support as well as the MoHS and other organisations who have contributed in developing laboratory testing. Thank you to WHO, DFID and other organisations who funded building of CPHRL and provided equipment, thereby laying a foundation to which this project could build upon. NR 20 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU J INFECTION DEVELOPING COUNTRIES PI TRAMANIGLIO PA JIDC CENT OFF PORTO CONTE RICERCHE RES CTR, S P 55, PORTO CONTE CAPO CACCIA KM 8.400 LOC, TRAMANIGLIO, 07041, ITALY SN 1972-2680 J9 J INFECT DEV COUNTR JI J. Infect. Dev. Ctries. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 8 IS 7 BP 933 EP 941 DI 10.3855/jidc.5074 PG 9 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA AR7XR UT WOS:000343790800022 PM 25022309 ER PT J AU Allweiss, P Brown, DR Chosewood, LC Dorn, JM Dube, S Elder, R Holman, DM Hudson, HL Kimsey, CD Lang, JE Lankford, TJ Li, CY Muirhead, L Neri, A Plescia, M Rodriguez, J Schill, AL Shoemaker, M Sorensen, G Townsend, J White, MC AF Allweiss, Pamela Brown, David R. Chosewood, L. Casey Dorn, Joan M. Dube, Shanta Elder, Randy Holman, Dawn M. Hudson, Heidi L. Kimsey, C. Dexter, Jr. Lang, Jason E. Lankford, Tina J. Li, Chunyu Muirhead, Lisa Neri, Antonio Plescia, Marcus Rodriguez, Juan Schill, Anita L. Shoemaker, Meredith Sorensen, Glorian Townsend, Julie White, Mary C. CA Canc Prevention Workplace Writing TI Cancer Prevention and Worksite Health Promotion: Time to Join Forces SO PREVENTING CHRONIC DISEASE LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; OBESITY; ADULTS; BAD C1 [Allweiss, Pamela] CDC, Div Diabet Translat, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Brown, David R.; Dorn, Joan M.; Kimsey, C. Dexter, Jr.] CDC, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Chosewood, L. Casey; Hudson, Heidi L.; Schill, Anita L.] NIOSH, Total Worker Hlth Program, CDC, Atlanta, GA USA. [Dube, Shanta] CDC, Off Smoking & Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Elder, Randy] CDC, Div Epidemiol Anal & Lib Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Holman, Dawn M.; Li, Chunyu; Neri, Antonio; Plescia, Marcus; Rodriguez, Juan; Shoemaker, Meredith; Townsend, Julie; White, Mary C.] CDC, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Lang, Jason E.] CDC, Div Populat Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Lankford, Tina J.] CDC, Worklife Wellness Off, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Muirhead, Lisa] Emory Univ, Nell Hodgson Woodruff Sch Nursing, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Sorensen, Glorian] Dana Farber Canc Inst, Ctr Community Based Res, Boston, MA 02115 USA. RP Holman, DM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, 4770 Buford Hwy,MS F76, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM dholman@cdc.gov RI White, Mary C./C-9242-2012 OI White, Mary C./0000-0002-9826-3962 FU CDC, Division of Cancer Prevention and Control FX Support for this essay was provided by CDC, Division of Cancer Prevention and Control. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of CDC. Members of the Cancer Prevention in the Workplace Writing Group (affiliations at time of contribution to the essay) are Pamela Allweiss, MD, MPH, Division of Diabetes Translation, CDC; David R. Brown, PhD, Division of Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Obesity, CDC; L. Casey Chosewood, MD, MPH, Total Worker Health Program, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, CDC; Joan M. Dorn, PhD, Division of Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Obesity, CDC; Shanta Dube, PhD, MPH, Office on Smoking and Health, CDC; Randy Elder, PhD, MEd, Division of Epidemiology, Analysis, and Library Services, CDC; Dawn M. Holman, MPH, Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, CDC; Heidi L. Hudson, MPH, Total Worker Health Program, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, CDC; C. Dexter Kimsey Jr, PhD, MSEH, Division of Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Obesity, CDC; Jason E. Lang, MPH, MS, Division of Population Health, CDC; Tina J. Lankford, MPH, Work life Wellness Office, CDC; Chunyu Li, PhD, MD, MS, Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, CDC; Lisa Muirhead, DNP, APRN, ANP-BC, Nell Hodgson Woodruff School of Nursing, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia; Antonio Neri, MD, MPH, Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, CDC; Marcus Plescia, MD, MPH, Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, CDC; Juan Rodriguez, MPH, Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, CDC; Anita L. Schill, PhD, MPH, MA, Total Worker Health Program, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, CDC; Meredith Shoemaker, MPH, Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, CDC; Glorian Sorensen, PhD, MPH, Center for Community-Based Research, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts; Julie Townsend, MS, Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, CDC; Mary C. White, ScD, Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, CDC, Atlanta, Georgia. NR 36 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 6 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1545-1151 J9 PREV CHRONIC DIS JI Prev. Chronic Dis. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 11 AR 140127 DI 10.5888/pcd11.140127 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AR3XJ UT WOS:000343522200017 ER PT J AU Porter, CH AF Porter, Charles H. TI WYEOMYIA (NUNEZIA) PAUCARTAMBOENSIS, A NEW SPECIES OF SABETHINI (DIPTERA: CULICIDAE) FROM THE PERUVIAN ANDES WITH A DIAGNOSIS OF THE SUBGENUS NUNEZIA SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON LA English DT Article DE mosquito; Neotropical; taxonomy; bromeliads AB Wyeomyia (Nunezia)paucartamboensis Porter, new species is described from specimens reared from tank bromeliads growing in humid premontane forest on the eastern slopes of the Peruvian Andes. The description, with relevant illustrations and images, is of the adult male and female, as well as of the pupal and fourth-instar larval stages. In addition, a diagnosis of the subgenus Nunezia is presented with emphasis on differentiation from other subgenera of Wyeomyia. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Porter, CH (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM cporter@cdc.gov FU National Geographic Society [7731-04] FX Grateful acknowledgment is given to the National Geographic Society for support of the field studies undertaken in Peru (grant no. 7731-04). Recognition is given to the Naval Medical Research Center Detachment - Lima, Peru (NMRCD Lima), with special thanks to the Officers-in-Charge at the time, Capt. Gregory J. Martin, and Lt. Jeffery Stancil. Special thanks also are extended to local NMRCD staff, including Zoe Moran for administrative assistance and Roberto Fernandez who participated in the field studies and rearing of specimens. Mercedes Rosario Balta Leon (Peruvian Instituto Nacional de Salud) is acknowledged for her invaluable participation in all phases of the field survey. I am grateful for the very significant contribution of Philip K. Wittman (Canopy Quest), who participated in the field studies, recorded field data, and photographed many of the phytotelmata sampled. Thanks also are extended to Ricardo Fernandez (Museo de Historia Natural, Universidad Nacional Mayor de San Marcos, Lima) for collecting and preparing herbarium specimens of many of the phytotelm plants sampled. Jose Luis Venero Gonzales (Universidad Nacional de San Antonio Abad) was very helpful with regard to selection of the study area and relevant ecological data. Special thanks also are given to Richard C. Wilkerson and James E. Pecor (both Walter Reed Biosystematics Unit, Smithsonian National Museum of Natural History) for allowing me to examine types and other relevant specimens. Taina R. Litwak (Litwak Illustration Studio) prepared the excellent illustrations. I am grateful to Janice Haney Carr for the scanning electron microscope images and to James Gathnay for modifying them for publication (both Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC]). With many helpful suggestions and diligent editing, Ralph E. Harbach (Natural History Museum, London) deserves special thanks for significantly improving this paper. The comments and suggestions of an anonymous reviewer also are gratefully acknowledged. Finally, I am grateful to Robert A. Wirtz (CDC) for essential support throughout this endeavor. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the author and do not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU ENTOMOL SOC WASHINGTON PI WASHINGTON PA SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION DEPT ENTOMOLOGY, WASHINGTON, DC 20560 USA SN 0013-8797 J9 P ENTOMOL SOC WASH JI Proc. Entomol. Soc. Wash. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 116 IS 3 BP 311 EP 338 DI 10.4289/0013-8797.116.3.311 PG 28 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA AQ9PL UT WOS:000343187700007 ER PT J AU Zeremski, M Dimova, RB Zavala, R Kritz, S Lin, M Smith, BD Zibbell, JE Talal, AH AF Zeremski, Marija Dimova, Rositsa B. Zavala, Roberto Kritz, Steven Lin, Melissa Smith, Bryce D. Zibbell, Jon E. Talal, Andrew H. TI Hepatitis C Virus-Related Knowledge and Willingness to Receive Treatment Among Patients on Methadone Maintenance SO JOURNAL OF ADDICTION MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE drug treatment; HCV education; knowledge; models of care for hepatitis C; persons who inject drugs ID INJECTION-DRUG USERS; ABUSE TREATMENT PROGRAMS; UNITED-STATES; PLUS RIBAVIRIN; HCV INFECTION; B-VIRUS; BARRIERS; PREVALENCE; ATTITUDES; SERVICES AB Objectives: Although persons who inject drugs have high prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, few receive treatment mostly because of lack of knowledge about the infection and its treatment. We assessed the level of HCV-related knowledge and willingness to participate in HCV treatment among methadone-maintained patients. Methods: A 30-item survey covering HCV-related knowledge and willingness to engage in HCV-related education and treatment was developed and completed by 320 methadone-maintained patients. Results: Respondents' mean age was 53 +/- 8.7 years, 59.5% were male, 55.1% were African American, and 38.3% were Hispanic. The mean duration of methadone maintenance was 7 +/- 6.7 years. In the preceding 6 months, 6.9% of patients reported injection drug use, whereas 37.3% used noninjection drugs. Hepatitis C virus seropositivity was self-reported by 46.3% of patients. The majority of patients (78%) expressed willingness to participate in HCV-related education and to receive HCV treatment. Most patients (54.7%) correctly answered 5 or more of 7 questions assessing HCV knowledge. Hepatitis C virus-seropositive individuals and prior attendees at HCV-related educational activities demonstrated a higher level of HCV-related knowledge (P<0.001 and P=0.002, respectively). Younger patients (P=0.014), those willing to attend an HCV-related educational activity (P<0.001), and those with higher-HCV-related knowledge (P=0.029) were more accepting of HCV treatment. Fear of medication-related side effects was the most common reason for treatment avoidance. Conclusions: The majority of patients reported willingness to receive HCV-related education and treatment. Treatment willingness was significantly associated with previous attendance at an HCV educational activity and a higher level of HCV-related knowledge. C1 [Zeremski, Marija; Dimova, Rositsa B.; Talal, Andrew H.] Weill Cornell Med Coll, Div Gastroenterol & Hepatol, New York, NY 10065 USA. [Dimova, Rositsa B.] SUNY Buffalo, Dept Biostat, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. [Zavala, Roberto; Kritz, Steven; Lin, Melissa] Addiction Res & Treatment Corp, Brooklyn, NY USA. [Smith, Bryce D.; Zibbell, Jon E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Talal, Andrew H.] SUNY Buffalo, Div Gastroenterol Hepatol & Nutr, Dept Med, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. RP Zeremski, M (reprint author), Weill Cornell Med Coll, Div Gastroenterol & Hepatol, 1300 York Ave,Box 319, New York, NY 10065 USA. EM maz2003@med.cornell.edu FU CDC Foundation through Viral Hepatitis Action Coalition; Gilead Sciences; Vertex Pharmaceuticals; Abbvie; Abbott Molecular Inc. FX Supported by the CDC Foundation through the Viral Hepatitis Action Coalition with individual sponsorships from Gilead Sciences, Vertex Pharmaceuticals, Abbvie and Abbott Molecular Inc. Andrew H. Talal has served on the advisory board for Abbott Molecular and has received research support from Gilead Sciences. The remaining authors declare no conflicts of interest. NR 36 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 5 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 1932-0620 EI 1935-3227 J9 J ADDICT MED JI J. Addict. Med. PD JUL-AUG PY 2014 VL 8 IS 4 BP 249 EP 257 DI 10.1097/ADM.0000000000000041 PG 9 WC Substance Abuse SC Substance Abuse GA AQ7EU UT WOS:000342976200005 PM 24820257 ER PT J AU Croucher, NJ Chewapreecha, C Hanage, WP Harris, SR McGee, L van der Linden, M Song, JH Ko, KS de Lencastre, H Turner, C Yang, F Sa-Leao, R Beall, B Klugman, KP Parkhill, J Turner, P Bentley, SD AF Croucher, Nicholas J. Chewapreecha, Claire Hanage, William P. Harris, Simon R. McGee, Lesley van der Linden, Mark Song, Jae-Hoon Ko, Kwan Soo de Lencastre, Herminia Turner, Claudia Yang, Fan Sa-Leao, Raquel Beall, Bernard Klugman, Keith P. Parkhill, Julian Turner, Paul Bentley, Stephen D. TI Evidence for Soft Selective Sweeps in the Evolution of Pneumococcal Multidrug Resistance and Vaccine Escape SO GENOME BIOLOGY AND EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE bacterial evolution; recombination; vaccine escape; antibiotic resistance; selective sweeps; phylogenomics ID PNEUMONIAE SEROTYPE 19A; MOLECULAR POPULATION-GENETICS; STREPTOCOCCUS-PNEUMONIAE; UNITED-STATES; MACROLIDE RESISTANCE; CONJUGATE VACCINE; MAJOR CLONES; ALIGNMENT; CHILDREN; SEQUENCE AB Themultidrug-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae Taiwan (19F)-14, or PMEN14, clone was first observed with a 19F serotype, which is targeted by the heptavalent polysaccharide conjugate vaccine (PCV7). However, "vaccine escape" PMEN14 isolates with a 19A serotype became an increasingly important cause of disease post-PCV7. Whole genome sequencing was used to characterize the recent evolution of 173 pneumococci of, or related to, PMEN14. This suggested that PMEN14 is a single lineage that originated in the late 1980s in parallel with the acquisition of multiple resistances by close relatives. One of the four detected serotype switches to 19A generated representatives of the sequence type (ST) 320 isolates that have been highly successful post-PCV7. A second produced an ST236 19A genotype with reduced resistance to beta-lactams owing to alteration of pbp1a and pbp2x sequences through the same recombination that caused the change in serotype. A third, which generated a mosaic capsule biosynthesis locus, resulted in serotype 19A ST271 isolates. The rapid diversification through homologous recombination seen in the global collection was similarly observed in the absence of vaccination in a set of isolates from the Maela refugee camp in Thailand, a collection that also allowed variation to be observed within carriage through longitudinal sampling. This suggests that some pneumococcal genotypes generate a pool of standing variation that is sufficiently extensive to result in "soft" selective sweeps: The emergence of multiple mutants in parallel upon a change in selection pressure, such as vaccine introduction. The subsequent competition between these mutants makes this phenomenon difficult to detect without deep sampling of individual lineages. C1 [Croucher, Nicholas J.; Hanage, William P.] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Ctr Communicable Dis Dynam, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Croucher, Nicholas J.; Chewapreecha, Claire; Harris, Simon R.; Parkhill, Julian; Bentley, Stephen D.] Wellcome Trust Sanger Inst, Cambridge, England. [McGee, Lesley; Beall, Bernard] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Resp Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [van der Linden, Mark] Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Univ Hosp, Natl Reference Ctr Streptococci, Inst Med Microbiol, D-52062 Aachen, Germany. [Song, Jae-Hoon] Sungkyunkwan Univ, Sch Med, Samsung Med Ctr, Seoul, South Korea. [Song, Jae-Hoon] Asia Pacific Fdn Infect Dis, Seoul, South Korea. [Ko, Kwan Soo] Sungkyunkwan Univ, Sch Med, Dept Mol Cell Biol, Suwon, South Korea. [de Lencastre, Herminia; Sa-Leao, Raquel] Univ Nova Lisboa, Inst Tecnol Quim & Biol, Mol Genet Lab, P-2780156 Oeiras, Portugal. [de Lencastre, Herminia] Rockefeller Univ, Microbiol Lab, New York, NY 10021 USA. [Turner, Claudia; Turner, Paul] Mahidol Univ, Fac Trop Med, Mahidol Oxford Trop Med Res Unit, Shoklo Malaria Res Unit, Mae Sot, Thailand. [Turner, Claudia; Turner, Paul] Mahidol Univ, Fac Trop Med, Mahidol Oxford Trop Med Res Unit, Bangkok, Thailand. [Turner, Claudia; Turner, Paul] Univ Oxford, Nuffield Dept Med, Ctr Trop Med, Oxford OX1 2JD, England. [Yang, Fan] Fudan Univ, Huashan Hosp, Inst Antibiot, Shanghai 200433, Peoples R China. [Klugman, Keith P.] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Hubert Dept Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Klugman, Keith P.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Div Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Klugman, Keith P.] Natl Inst Communicable Dis, Ctr Resp Dis & Meningitis, Gauteng, South Africa. [Bentley, Stephen D.] Univ Cambridge, Addenbrookes Hosp, Dept Med, Cambridge CB2 1TN, England. RP Bentley, SD (reprint author), Wellcome Trust Sanger Inst, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Cambridge, England. EM sdb@sanger.ac.uk RI Sa-Leao, Raquel/A-9341-2011; Harris, Simon/K-1318-2013; van der Linden, Mark/B-9305-2009; Parkhill, Julian/G-4703-2011; OI Sa-Leao, Raquel/0000-0001-9804-827X; Harris, Simon/0000-0003-1512-6194; van der Linden, Mark/0000-0002-6574-4313; Parkhill, Julian/0000-0002-7069-5958; Chewapreecha, Kamolchanok Claire/0000-0002-1313-4011; Turner, Paul/0000-0002-1013-7815 FU Wellcome Trust [098051]; AXA Foundation; Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Training Fellowship [083735/Z/07/Z]; National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre; PATH FX This work was funded by Wellcome Trust grant number 098051. N.J.C. was funded by a postdoctoral fellowship from the AXA Foundation. P. T. was funded by a Wellcome Trust Clinical Research Training Fellowship (083735/Z/07/Z). S. D. B. is partly funded by the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Cambridge Biomedical Research Centre. The authors thank the core sequencing and informatics teams at the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, the Active Bacterial Core surveillance program of the Emerging Infections Program of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), and Global Strain Bank Project (a PATH-funded collaboration between the CDC, Emory University, and others) for their support. Attending authors are grateful for the opportuity to discuss this work at the PERMAFROST workshop. NR 62 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 17 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1759-6653 J9 GENOME BIOL EVOL JI Genome Biol. Evol. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 6 IS 7 BP 1589 EP 1602 DI 10.1093/gbe/evu120 PG 14 WC Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Evolutionary Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA AQ1ZE UT WOS:000342583200005 PM 24916661 ER PT J AU Hirsch, G Homer, J Trogdon, J Wile, K Orenstein, D AF Hirsch, Gary Homer, Jack Trogdon, Justin Wile, Kristina Orenstein, Diane TI Using Simulation to Compare 4 Categories of Intervention for Reducing Cardiovascular Disease Risks SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article ID PUBLIC-HEALTH; UNITED-STATES; DYNAMICS; DISPARITIES; COUNTIES; MODEL; COST; CARE AB The Prevention Impacts Simulation Model (PRISM) projects the multiyear impacts of 22 different interventions aimed at reducing risk of cardiovascular disease. We grouped these into 4 categories: clinical, behavioral support, health promotion and access, and taxes and regulation. We simulated impacts for the United States overall and also for a less-advantaged county with a higher death rate. Of the 4 categories of intervention, taxes and regulation reduce costs the most in the short term(through 2020) and long term(through 2040) and reduce deaths the most in the long term; they are second to clinical interventions in reducing deaths in the short term. All 4 categories combined were required to bring costs and deaths in the less-advantaged county down to the national level. C1 [Homer, Jack] Homer Consulting, Voorhees, NJ USA. [Trogdon, Justin] RTI Int, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Wile, Kristina] Syst Thinking Collaborat, Stow, MA USA. [Orenstein, Diane] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Hirsch, G (reprint author), Creator Learning Environm, 7 Highgate Rd, Wayland, MA 01778 USA. EM GBHirsch@comcast.net FU CDC [200-2008-27958 Task Order 12] FX This research was supported by contract no. 200-2008-27958 Task Order 12 from the CDC. NR 26 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PUBLIC HEALTH ASSOC INC PI WASHINGTON PA 800 I STREET, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20001-3710 USA SN 0090-0036 EI 1541-0048 J9 AM J PUBLIC HEALTH JI Am. J. Public Health PD JUL PY 2014 VL 104 IS 7 BP 1187 EP 1195 DI 10.2105/AJPH.2013.301816 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AP1EM UT WOS:000341809500031 PM 24832142 ER PT J AU Vaughan, AS Rosenberg, E Shouse, RL Sullivan, PS AF Vaughan, Adam S. Rosenberg, Eli Shouse, R. Luke Sullivan, Patrick S. TI Connecting Race and Place: A County-Level Analysis of White, Black, and Hispanic HIV Prevalence, Poverty, and Level of Urbanization SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article ID SEXUALLY-TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS; UNITED-STATES; AFRICAN-AMERICANS; DISPARITIES; INCOME; RATES; HETEROSEXUALS; DETERMINANTS; COMMUNITY; HEALTH AB Objectives. We evaluated the role of poverty in racial/ethnic disparities in HIV prevalence across levels of urbanization. Methods. Using national HIV surveillance data from the year 2009, we constructed negative binomial models, stratified by urbanization, with an outcome of race-specific, county-level HIV prevalence rates and covariates of race/ethnicity, poverty, and other publicly available data. We estimated model-based Black-White and Hispanic-White prevalence rate ratios (PRRs) across levels of urbanization and poverty. Results. We observed racial/ethnic disparities for all strata of urbanization across 1111 included counties. Poverty was associated with HIV prevalence only in major metropolitan counties. At the same level of urbanization, Black-White and Hispanic-White PRRs were not statistically different from 1.0 at high poverty rates (Black-White PRR = 1.0, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.4, 2.9; Hispanic-White PRR = 0.4, 95% CI = 0.1, 1.6). In nonurban counties, racial/ethnic disparities remained after we controlled for poverty. Conclusions. The association between HIV prevalence and poverty varies by level of urbanization. HIV prevention interventions should be tailored to this understanding. Reducing racial/ethnic disparities will require multifactorial interventions linking social factors with sexual networks and individual risks. C1 [Vaughan, Adam S.; Rosenberg, Eli; Sullivan, Patrick S.] Emory Univ, Dept Epidemiol, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Shouse, R. Luke] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Vaughan, AS (reprint author), Emory Univ, Dept Epidemiol, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, 1518 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. EM asvaugh@emory.edu FU Gilead Sciences Inc; AIDSVu.org; Center for AIDS Research at Emory University [P30 AI050409] FX This work was supported by Gilead Sciences Inc, AIDSVu.org, and the Center for AIDS Research at Emory University (P30 AI050409). NR 39 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 16 PU AMER PUBLIC HEALTH ASSOC INC PI WASHINGTON PA 800 I STREET, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20001-3710 USA SN 0090-0036 EI 1541-0048 J9 AM J PUBLIC HEALTH JI Am. J. Public Health PD JUL PY 2014 VL 104 IS 7 BP E77 EP E84 DI 10.2105/AJPH.2014.301997 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AP1EM UT WOS:000341809500018 PM 24832420 ER PT J AU Engelthaler, DM Hicks, ND Gillece, JD Roe, CC Schupp, JM Driebe, EM Gilgado, F Carriconde, F Trilles, L Firacative, C Ngamskulrungroj, P Castaneda, E Lazera, MD Melhem, MSC Perez-Bercoff, A Huttley, G Sorrell, TC Voelz, K May, RC Fisher, MC Thompson, GR Lockhart, SR Keim, P Meyer, W AF Engelthaler, David M. Hicks, Nathan D. Gillece, John D. Roe, Chandler C. Schupp, James M. Driebe, Elizabeth M. Gilgado, Felix Carriconde, Fabian Trilles, Luciana Firacative, Carolina Ngamskulrungroj, Popchai Castaneda, Elizabeth Lazera, Marcia dos Santos Melhem, Marcia S. C. Perez-Bercoff, Asa Huttley, Gavin Sorrell, Tania C. Voelz, Kerstin May, Robin C. Fisher, Matthew C. Thompson, George R., III Lockhart, Shawn R. Keim, Paul Meyer, Wieland TI Cryptococcus gattii in North American Pacific Northwest: Whole-Population Genome Analysis Provides Insights into Species Evolution and Dispersal SO MBIO LA English DT Article ID NEOFORMANS VAR. GATTII; LUNG EPITHELIAL-CELLS; ALPHA-L-RHAMNOSIDASE; VANCOUVER-ISLAND; GENETIC DIVERSITY; MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY; PHYLOGENETIC NETWORKS; GLYCOSIDE HYDROLASE; ECOLOGICAL NICHE; NATURAL HABITAT AB The emergence of distinct populations of Cryptococcus gattii in the temperate North American Pacific Northwest (PNW) was surprising, as this species was previously thought to be confined to tropical and semitropical regions. Beyond a new habitat niche, the dominant emergent population displayed increased virulence and caused primary pulmonary disease, as opposed to the predominantly neurologic disease seen previously elsewhere. Whole- genome sequencing was performed on 118 C. gattii isolates, including the PNW subtypes and the global diversity of molecular type VGII, to better ascertain the natural source and genomic adaptations leading to the emergence of infection in the PNW. Overall, the VGII population was highly diverse, demonstrating large numbers of mutational and recombinational events; however, the three dominant subtypes from the PNW were of low diversity and were completely clonal. Although strains of VGII were found on at least five continents, all genetic subpopulations were represented or were most closely related to strains from South America. The phylogenetic data are consistent with multiple dispersal events from South America to North America and elsewhere. Numerous gene content differences were identified between the emergent clones and other VGII lineages, including genes potentially related to habitat adaptation, virulence, and pathology. Evidence was also found for possible gene introgression from Cryptococcus neoformans var. grubii that is rarely seen in global C. gattii but that was present in all PNW populations. These findings provide greater understanding of C. gattii evolution in North America and support extensive evolution in, and dispersal from, South America. IMPORTANCE Cryptococcus gattii emerged in the temperate North American Pacific Northwest (PNW) in the late 1990s. Beyond a new environmental niche, these emergent populations displayed increased virulence and resulted in a different pattern of clinical disease. In particular, severe pulmonary infections predominated in contrast to presentation with neurologic disease as seen previously elsewhere. We employed population- level whole- genome sequencing and analysis to explore the genetic relationships and gene content of the PNW C. gattii populations. We provide evidence that the PNW strains originated from South America and identified numerous genes potentially related to habitat adaptation, virulence expression, and clinical presentation. Characterization of these genetic features may lead to improved diagnostics and therapies for such fungal infections. The data indicate that there were multiple recent introductions of C. gattii into the PNW. Public health vigilance is warranted for emergence in regions where C. gattii is not thought to be endemic. C1 [Engelthaler, David M.; Hicks, Nathan D.; Gillece, John D.; Roe, Chandler C.; Schupp, James M.; Driebe, Elizabeth M.; Keim, Paul] Translat Genom Res Inst, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. [Gilgado, Felix; Carriconde, Fabian; Trilles, Luciana; Firacative, Carolina; Ngamskulrungroj, Popchai; Perez-Bercoff, Asa; Sorrell, Tania C.; Meyer, Wieland] Univ Sydney, Westmead Millennium Inst, Mol Mycol Res Lab,Marie Bashir Inst Infect Dis &, Ctr Infect Dis & Microbiol,Sydney Med Sch,Westmea, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. [Carriconde, Fabian] Inst Agron Neo Caledonien IAC, Noumea, New Caledonia. [Trilles, Luciana; Lazera, Marcia dos Santos] Fiocruz MS, Inst Pesquisa Clin Evandro Chagas, Lab Micol, BR-21045900 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. [Firacative, Carolina; Castaneda, Elizabeth] Inst Nacl Salud, Microbiol Grp, Bogota, Colombia. [Ngamskulrungroj, Popchai] Mahidol Univ, Fac Med, Siriraj Hosp, Dept Microbiol, Bangkok 10700, Thailand. [Melhem, Marcia S. C.] Adolfo Lutz Inst, Publ Hlth Reference Lab, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Perez-Bercoff, Asa; Huttley, Gavin] Australian Natl Univ, John Curtin Sch Med Res, Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia. [Voelz, Kerstin; May, Robin C.] Univ Birmingham, Inst Microbiol & Infect, Birmingham, W Midlands, England. [Voelz, Kerstin; May, Robin C.] Univ Birmingham, Sch Biosci, Birmingham, W Midlands, England. [Voelz, Kerstin; May, Robin C.] Queen Elizabeth Hosp, Natl Inst Hlth Res Surg Reconstruct, Birmingham B15 2TH, W Midlands, England. [Voelz, Kerstin; May, Robin C.] Queen Elizabeth Hosp, Microbiol Res Ctr, Birmingham B15 2TH, W Midlands, England. [Fisher, Matthew C.] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Dept Infect Dis Epidemiol, London, England. [Thompson, George R., III] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Lockhart, Shawn R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Keim, Paul] No Arizona Univ, Microbial Genet & Genom Ctr, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. RP Keim, P (reprint author), Translat Genom Res Inst, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. EM paul.keim@nau.edu; wieland.meyer@sydney.edu.au RI Voelz, Kerstin/A-8888-2011; Meyer, Wieland/G-1204-2015; Huttley, Gavin/G-5169-2015; MELHEM, MARCIA/D-4477-2012 OI May, Robin/0000-0001-5364-1838; Voelz, Kerstin/0000-0003-0973-4353; Meyer, Wieland/0000-0001-9933-8340; Fisher, Matthew/0000-0002-1862-6402; Huttley, Gavin/0000-0001-7224-2074; MELHEM, MARCIA/0000-0002-1335-8808 FU National Institutes of Health [R21AI098059]; NHMRC [APP1031943] FX This study was supported by a grant from the National Institutes of Health (R21AI098059 [P. K., D. M. E., G. R. T., S. R. L., and W. M.]) and an NHMRC grant (APP1031943 [W. M., T. C. S. and G.H.]). NR 58 TC 46 Z9 46 U1 0 U2 21 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 2150-7511 J9 MBIO JI mBio PD JUL-AUG PY 2014 VL 5 IS 4 AR e01464-14 DI 10.1128/mBio.01464-14 PG 18 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA AO8FE UT WOS:000341588100028 PM 25028429 ER PT J AU Srinivasan, V Metcalf, BJ Knipe, KM Ouattara, M McGee, L Shewmaker, PL Glennen, A Nichols, M Harris, C Brimmage, M Ostrowsky, B Park, CJ Schrag, SJ Frace, MA Sammons, SA Beall, B AF Srinivasan, Velusamy Metcalf, Benjamin J. Knipe, Kristen M. Ouattara, Mahamoudou McGee, Lesley Shewmaker, Patricia L. Glennen, Anita Nichols, Megin Harris, Carol Brimmage, Mary Ostrowsky, Belinda Park, Connie J. Schrag, Stephanie J. Frace, Michael A. Sammons, Scott A. Beall, Bernard TI vanG Element Insertions within a Conserved Chromosomal Site Conferring Vancomycin Resistance to Streptococcus agalactiae and Streptococcus anginosus SO MBIO LA English DT Article ID GROUP-B STREPTOCOCCUS; ENTEROCOCCUS-FAECALIS; IDENTIFICATION; TOOL; PLASMID; OPERON AB Three vancomycin-resistant streptococcal strains carrying vanG elements (two invasive Streptococcus agalactiae isolates [GBS-NY and GBS-NM, both serotype II and multilocus sequence type 22] and one Streptococcus anginosus [Sa]) were examined. The 45,585-bp elements found within Sa and GBS-NY were nearly identical (together designated vanG-1) and shared near-identity over an similar to 15-kb overlap with a previously described vanG element from Enterococcus faecalis. Unexpectedly, vanG-1 shared much less homology with the 49,321-bp vanG-2 element from GBS-NM, with widely different levels (50% to 99%) of sequence identity shared among 44 related open reading frames. Immediately adjacent to both vanG-1 and vanG-2 were 44,670-bp and 44,680-bp integrative conjugative element (ICE)-like sequences, designated ICE-r, that were nearly identical in the two group B streptococcal (GBS) strains. The dual vanG and ICE-r elements from both GBS strains were inserted at the same position, between bases 1328 and 1329, within the identical RNA methyltransferase (rumA) genes. A GenBank search revealed that although most GBS strains contained insertions within this specific site, only sequence type 22 (ST22) GBS strains contained highly related ICE-r derivatives. The vanG-1 element in Sa was also inserted within this position corresponding to its rumA homolog adjacent to an ICE-r derivative. vanG-1 insertions were previously reported within the same relative position in the E. faecalis rumA homolog. An ICE-r sequence perfectly conserved with respect to its counterpart in GBS-NY was apparent within the same site of the rumA homolog of a Streptococcus dysgalactiae subsp. equisimilis strain. Additionally, homologous vanG-like elements within the conserved rumA target site were evident in Roseburia intestinalis. IMPORTANCE These three streptococcal strains represent the first known vancomycin-resistant strains of their species. The collective observations made from these strains reveal a specific hot spot for insertional elements that is conserved between streptococci and different Gram-positive species. The two GBS strains potentially represent a GBS lineage that is predisposed to insertion of vanG elements. C1 [Srinivasan, Velusamy; Metcalf, Benjamin J.; Ouattara, Mahamoudou; McGee, Lesley; Shewmaker, Patricia L.; Schrag, Stephanie J.; Beall, Bernard] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Bacterial Dis, Resp Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Knipe, Kristen M.; Frace, Michael A.; Sammons, Scott A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Resources, Biotechnol Core Facil Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Glennen, Anita] Minnesota Dept Publ Hlth, Stillwater, MN USA. [Nichols, Megin] New Mexico Dept Hlth, Santa Fe, NM USA. [Harris, Carol; Brimmage, Mary] Jacobi Med Ctr, Bronx, NY USA. [Ostrowsky, Belinda; Park, Connie J.] Montefiore Med Ctr, New York, NY USA. [Ostrowsky, Belinda; Park, Connie J.] Albert Einstein Coll Med, New York, NY USA. RP Beall, B (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Bacterial Dis, Resp Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM bbeall@cdc.gov FU Bioinformatics in Public Health (BPH) Fellowship Program; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) [U60HM000803] FX This research was supported in part by an appointment (B.J.M.) to the Bioinformatics in Public Health (BPH) Fellowship Program administered by the Association of Public Health Laboratories (APHL) and funded by Cooperative Agreement U60HM000803 from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). NR 29 TC 10 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 2150-7511 J9 MBIO JI mBio PD JUL-AUG PY 2014 VL 5 IS 4 AR e01386-14 DI 10.1128/mBio.01386-14 PG 12 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA AO8FE UT WOS:000341588100062 PM 25053786 ER PT J AU Li, GW Zhang, P Gregg, EW Engelgau, MM Bennett, PH AF Li, Guangwei Zhang, Ping Gregg, Edward W. Engelgau, Michael M. Bennett, Peter H. TI Cardiovascular outcomes in the Da Qing Diabetes Prevention Study Reply SO LANCET DIABETES & ENDOCRINOLOGY LA English DT Letter ID IMPAIRED GLUCOSE-TOLERANCE; FOLLOW-UP; PEOPLE C1 [Li, Guangwei] China Japan Friendship Hosp, Dept Endocrinol, Beijing 100029, Peoples R China. [Li, Guangwei] Natl Ctr Cardiol, Ctr Endocrinol & Cardiovasc Dis, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Li, Guangwei] Fuwai Hosp, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Zhang, Ping; Gregg, Edward W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Diabet Translat, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Engelgau, Michael M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Bennett, Peter H.] NIDDK, Clin Res Branch, Phoenix, AZ USA. RP Li, GW (reprint author), China Japan Friendship Hosp, Dept Endocrinol, Beijing 100029, Peoples R China. EM guangwei_li45@126.com FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 2213-8587 J9 LANCET DIABETES ENDO JI Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 2 IS 7 BP 540 EP 540 PG 1 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA AP1AW UT WOS:000341799800011 PM 24999258 ER PT J AU Britton, CL Guzzle, PL Hahn, CG Carter, KK AF Britton, Carla L. Guzzle, Patrick L. Hahn, Christine G. Carter, Kris K. TI Norovirus Outbreak at a Wildland Fire Base Camp Ignites Investigation of Restaurant Inspection Policies SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH LA English DT Article ID FOOD; GASTROENTERITIS; TRANSMISSION; DISEASE AB Norovirus outbreaks occur worldwide and have been associated with congregate settings (e.g., military and recreational camps). Investigation of a norovirus outbreak at a wildland fire base camp identified 49 (27%) illnesses among approximately 180 responders. Epidemiologic evidence implicated a restaurant as the infection source. Eight (89%) of nine wildland fire responder groups who ate at the restaurant had ill members; no groups who ate elsewhere reported ill members. An environmental health specialist restaurant inspection identified lack of managerial knowledge to protect against foodborne disease one year after the restaurant's opening; earlier inspection after opening might have led to earlier intervention. States were surveyed to determine existence of any policy or rule for food establishment inspection after opening and inspection timing. Among 18 states, five had no state rule or policy; nine had a policy in place; and four required postopening inspection by rule. Further research is needed to evaluate postopening inspection efficacy and timing. C1 [Britton, Carla L.] Alaska Native Tribal Hlth Ctr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA. [Guzzle, Patrick L.; Hahn, Christine G.] Idaho Dept Hlth & Welf, Idaho Falls, ID USA. [Carter, Kris K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Publ Hlth Preparedness & Response, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Britton, CL (reprint author), Alaska Native Tribal Hlth Ctr, Alaska Native Epidemiol Ctr, Div Community Hlth Serv, 3900 Ambassador Dr,Suite 401, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA. EM clbritton@anthc.org NR 26 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU NATL ENVIRON HEALTH ASSOC PI DENVER PA 720 S COLORADO BLVD SUITE 970, SOUTH TOWER, DENVER, CO 80246 USA SN 0022-0892 J9 J ENVIRON HEALTH JI J. Environ. Health PD JUL-AUG PY 2014 VL 77 IS 1 BP 8 EP 14 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AO7NV UT WOS:000341540800002 PM 25185322 ER PT J AU Zarate-Bermudez, MA AF Zarate-Bermudez, Max A. TI Contributions to Enhancing the Public Health Perspective on Onsite Wastewater Management SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH LA English DT Article AB NEHA strives to provide up-to-date and relevant information on environmental health and to build partnerships in the profession. In pursuit of these goals, we feature a column from the Environmental Health Services Branch (EHSB) of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in every issue of the Journal. In this column, EHSB and guest authors from across CDC will highlight a variety of concerns, opportunities, challenges, and successes that we all share in environmental public health. EHSB's objective is to strengthen the role of state, local, tribal, and national environmental health programs and professionals to anticipate, identify, and respond to adverse environmental exposures and the consequences of these exposures for human health. The conclusions in this article are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily represent the views of CDC. Dr. Max Zarate-Bermudez is an environmental epidemiologist who has worked with CDC's EHSB since 2008. Dr. Zarate-Bermudez serves as technical advisor in drinking and wastewater projects and inquiries. C1 Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Div Emergency & Environm Hlth Serv, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Zarate-Bermudez, MA (reprint author), Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Div Emergency & Environm Hlth Serv, 4770 Buford Highway NE,MS F-58, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM mzaratebermudez@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU NATL ENVIRON HEALTH ASSOC PI DENVER PA 720 S COLORADO BLVD SUITE 970, SOUTH TOWER, DENVER, CO 80246 USA SN 0022-0892 J9 J ENVIRON HEALTH JI J. Environ. Health PD JUL-AUG PY 2014 VL 77 IS 1 BP 32 EP 33 PG 2 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AO7NV UT WOS:000341540800005 PM 25185325 ER PT J AU Eggers, C AF Eggers, Carrie TI At Your Fingertips ... SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH LA English DT Article AB As part of our continuing effort to highlight innovative approaches and tools to improve the health and environment of communities, the Journal is pleased to publish a bimonthly column from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's (CDC's) Environmental Public Health Tracking Network (Tracking Network). The Tracking Network is a system of integrated health, exposure, and hazard information and data from a variety of national, state, and city sources. The Tracking Network brings together data concerning health and environmental problems with the goal of providing information to help improve where we live, work, and play. Environmental causes of chronic diseases are hard to identify. Measuring amounts of hazardous substances in our environment in a standard way, tracing the spread of these over time and area, seeing how they show up in human tissues, and understanding how they may cause illness is critical. The Tracking Network is a tool that can help connect these efforts. Through these columns, readers will learn about the program and the resources, tools, and information available from CDC's Tracking Network. The conclusions of this article are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily represent the views of CDC. As a public health informatics fellow in CDC's Environmental Health Tracking Branch within the National Center for Environmental Health, Carrie Eggers works on developing new content and enhanced functionality for the Tracking Network in collaboration with state and federal partners. Prior to joining CDC, Ms. Eggers was part of the Bureau of Epidemiology's Surveillance Systems Unit at the Florida Department of Health. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Environm Hlth Tracking Branch, Div Environm Hazards & Hlth Effects, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Eggers, C (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Environm Hlth Tracking Branch, Div Environm Hazards & Hlth Effects, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, 4770 Buford Highway NE,MS F-60, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM xfy1@cdc.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU NATL ENVIRON HEALTH ASSOC PI DENVER PA 720 S COLORADO BLVD SUITE 970, SOUTH TOWER, DENVER, CO 80246 USA SN 0022-0892 J9 J ENVIRON HEALTH JI J. Environ. Health PD JUL-AUG PY 2014 VL 77 IS 1 BP 34 EP 36 PG 3 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AO7NV UT WOS:000341540800006 PM 25185326 ER PT J AU Marschall, J Mermel, LA Fakih, M Hadaway, L Kallen, A O'Grady, NP Pettis, AM Rupp, ME Sandora, T Maragakis, LL Yokoe, DS AF Marschall, Jonas Mermel, Leonard A. Fakih, Mohamad Hadaway, Lynn Kallen, Alexander O'Grady, Naomi P. Pettis, Ann Marie Rupp, Mark E. Sandora, Thomas Maragakis, Lisa L. Yokoe, Deborah S. TI Strategies to Prevent Central Line-Associated Bloodstream Infections in Acute Care Hospitals: 2014 Update SO INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CENTRAL VENOUS CATHETERS; RANDOMIZED-CONTROLLED-TRIAL; CRITICALLY-ILL PATIENTS; NEONATAL INTENSIVE-CARE; OF-THE-LITERATURE; STERILE BARRIER PRECAUTIONS; DOUBLE-BLIND TRIAL; NEEDLELESS INTRAVASCULAR CONNECTOR; ANTIMICROBIAL-COATED CATHETERS; PULMONARY-ARTERY CATHETERS C1 [Marschall, Jonas] Washington Univ, Sch Med, St Louis, MO USA. [Marschall, Jonas] Univ Hosp Bern, CH-3010 Bern, Switzerland. [Marschall, Jonas] Univ Bern, Bern, Switzerland. [Mermel, Leonard A.] Brown Univ, Warren Alpert Med Sch, Providence, RI 02912 USA. [Mermel, Leonard A.] Rhode Isl Hosp, Providence, RI 02903 USA. [Fakih, Mohamad] St John Hosp & Med Ctr, Detroit, MI USA. [Fakih, Mohamad] Wayne State Univ, Sch Med, Detroit, MI USA. [Hadaway, Lynn] Lynn Hadaway Associates Inc, Milner, GA USA. [Kallen, Alexander] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [O'Grady, Naomi P.] NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Pettis, Ann Marie] Univ Rochester, Med Ctr, Rochester, NY 14642 USA. [Rupp, Mark E.] Univ Nebraska Med Ctr, Omaha, NE USA. [Sandora, Thomas] Boston Childrens Hosp, Boston, MA USA. [Sandora, Thomas; Yokoe, Deborah S.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA USA. [Maragakis, Lisa L.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Baltimore, MD USA. [Yokoe, Deborah S.] Brigham & Womens Hosp, Boston, MA 02115 USA. RP Mermel, LA (reprint author), Rhode Isl Hosp, Div Infect Dis, 593 Eddy St, Providence, RI 02903 USA. EM lmermel@lifespan.org FU Bard FX J.M. reports receiving a speaker honorarium from Gilead Sciences Switzerland. L. A. M. reports serving as an advisor/consultant for ICU Medical, Fresenius Medical Care, Bard Access Systems, Marvao Medical Devices, CareFusion, 3M Healthcare, Catheter Connections, Semprus Biosciences, and Sharklet Technologies. L. H. reports serving as an advisor/consultant for B Braun Medical, BD Medical, Excelsior Medical, Ivera Medical, Access Scientific, 3M, and Baxter Healthcare. A. M. P. reports receiving speaking fees from Bard and serving as a speaker and author for Covidien. M. E. R reports serving as an advisor/consultant for 3M, Ariste, Semprus, and Sharklet Technologies and receiving honoraria from Baxter and CareFusion. All other authors report no relevant conflicts of interest. NR 248 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 12 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0899-823X EI 1559-6834 J9 INFECT CONT HOSP EP JI Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 35 IS 7 BP 753 EP 771 DI 10.1086/676533 PG 19 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA AJ5OV UT WOS:000337735400001 ER PT J AU Calfee, DP Salgado, CD Milstone, AM Harris, AD Kuhar, DT Moody, J Aureden, K Huang, SS Maragakis, LL Yokoe, DS AF Calfee, David P. Salgado, Cassandra D. Milstone, Aaron M. Harris, Anthony D. Kuhar, David T. Moody, Julia Aureden, Kathy Huang, Susan S. Maragakis, Lisa L. Yokoe, Deborah S. TI Strategies to Prevent Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Transmission and Infection in Acute Care Hospitals: 2014 Update SO INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SURGICAL-SITE INFECTIONS; BLOOD-STREAM INFECTIONS; NASAL MUPIROCIN OINTMENT; CRITICALLY-ILL CHILDREN; HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE VAPOR; CHROMAGAR MRSA MEDIUM; INTENSIVE-CARE; SURVEILLANCE CULTURES; ACTIVE SURVEILLANCE; ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION C1 [Calfee, David P.] Weill Cornell Med Coll, New York, NY 10065 USA. [Salgado, Cassandra D.] Med Univ S Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. [Milstone, Aaron M.; Maragakis, Lisa L.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Baltimore, MD USA. [Harris, Anthony D.] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [Kuhar, David T.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Moody, Julia] Hosp Corp Amer, Nashville, TN USA. [Aureden, Kathy] Advocate Sherman Hosp, Elgin, IL USA. [Huang, Susan S.] Univ Calif Irvine, Sch Med, Irvine, CA 92717 USA. [Yokoe, Deborah S.] Brigham & Womens Hosp, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Yokoe, Deborah S.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA USA. RP Calfee, DP (reprint author), Weill Cornell Med Coll, 525 East 68th St,Box 265, New York, NY 10065 USA. EM dpc9003@med.cornell.edu FU Sage Products FX A.M. reports receiving a research grant/contract from Sage Products. A.D.H. reports serving in an advisory/consultant role for Cubist, UpToDate, and Premier. S.S.H. reports leading a clinical trial in which participating hospitals received contributed product from Sage Products. J.M. reports conducting a clinical trial in which participating hospitals received contributed product from Sage Products. S.S.H. and J.M. report conducting a clinical trial in which participating hospitals receive contributed product from Sage Products and Molnlycke; this disclosure arose after the manuscript was completed but before publication. C.S., D.C., D.K., K.A., D.S.Y., and L.L.M. report no conflicts of interest. NR 185 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 3 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0899-823X EI 1559-6834 J9 INFECT CONT HOSP EP JI Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 35 IS 7 BP 772 EP 796 DI 10.1086/676534 PG 25 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA AJ5OV UT WOS:000337735400002 ER PT J AU DeGue, S Valle, LA Holt, MK Massetti, GM Matjasko, JL Tharp, AT AF DeGue, Sarah Valle, Linda Anne Holt, Melissa K. Massetti, Greta M. Matjasko, Jennifer L. Tharp, Andra Teten TI A systematic review of primary prevention strategies for sexual violence perpetration SO AGGRESSION AND VIOLENT BEHAVIOR LA English DT Review DE Sexual violence; Rape; Perpetration; Primary prevention; Effectiveness evaluation ID RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; INTIMATE PARTNER VIOLENCE; PEER EDUCATION-PROGRAM; MALE COLLEGE-STUDENTS; SAFE DATES PROGRAM; RAPE-PREVENTION; BEHAVIORAL INTENT; MIDDLE SCHOOLS; ASSAULT PREVENTION; GENDER-DIFFERENCES AB This systematic review examined 140 outcome evaluations of primary prevention strategies for sexual violence perpetration. The review had two goals: 1) to describe and assess the breadth, quality, and evolution of evaluation research in this area; and 2) to summarize the best available research evidence for sexual violence prevention practitioners by categorizing programs with regard to their evidence of effectiveness on sexual violence behavioral outcomes in a rigorous evaluation. The majority of sexual violence prevention strategies in the evaluation literature are brief, psycho-educational programs focused on increasing knowledge or changing attitudes, none of which have shown evidence of effectiveness on sexually violent behavior using a rigorous evaluation design. Based on evaluation studies included in the current review, only three primary prevention strategies have demonstrated significant effects on sexually violent behavior in a rigorous outcome evaluation: Safe Dates (Foshee et al., 2004); Shifting Boundaries (building-level intervention only, Taylor, Stein, Woods, Mumford, & Forum, 2011); and funding associated with the 1994 U.S. Violence Against Women Act (VAWA; Boba & Lilley, 2009). The dearth of effective prevention strategies available to date may reflect a lack of fit between the design of many of the existing programs and the principles of effective prevention identified by Nation et al. (2003). Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [DeGue, Sarah; Valle, Linda Anne; Holt, Melissa K.; Massetti, Greta M.; Matjasko, Jennifer L.; Tharp, Andra Teten] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Violence Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP DeGue, S (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Violence Prevent, 4770 Buford Highway NE,MS F64, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM sdegue@cdc.gov OI Massetti, Greta/0000-0002-3813-9839 NR 95 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 11 U2 61 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-1789 EI 1873-6335 J9 AGGRESS VIOLENT BEH JI Aggress. Violent Behav. PD JUL-AUG PY 2014 VL 19 IS 4 BP 346 EP 362 DI 10.1016/j.avb.2014.05.004 PG 17 WC Criminology & Penology; Psychology, Multidisciplinary SC Criminology & Penology; Psychology GA AO0GP UT WOS:000340987400005 ER PT J AU Vivolo-Kantor, AM Martell, BN Holland, KM Westby, R AF Vivolo-Kantor, Alana M. Martell, Brandi N. Holland, Kristin M. Westby, Ruth TI A systematic review and content analysis of bullying and cyber-bullying measurement strategies SO AGGRESSION AND VIOLENT BEHAVIOR LA English DT Review DE Bullying; Scale; Index; Measurement; Instrument ID MIDDLE SCHOOL STUDENTS; PSYCHOMETRIC PROPERTIES; PROACTIVE AGGRESSION; VICTIMIZATION-SCALE; PEER-VICTIMIZATION; EARLY ADOLESCENCE; TEASING SCALE; BEHAVIOR; QUESTIONNAIRE; ATTITUDES AB Bullying has emerged as a behavior with deleterious effects on youth; however, prevalence estimates vary based on measurement strategies employed. We conducted a systematic review and content analysis of bullying measurement strategies to gain a better understanding of each strategy including behavioral content Multiple online databases (i.e., Psychlnfo, MedLine, ERIC) were searched to identify measurement strategies published between 1985 and 2012. Included measurement strategies assessed bullying behaviors, were administered to respondents with ages of 12 to 20, were administered in English, and included psychometric data. Each publication was coded independently by two study team members with a pre-set data extraction form, who subsequently met to discuss discrepancies. Forty-one measures were included in the review. A majority used differing terminology; student self-report as primary reporting method; and included verbal forms of bullying in item content. Eleven measures included a definition of bullying, and 13 used the term "bullying" in the measure. Very few definitions or measures captured components of bullying such as repetition, power imbalance, aggression, and intent to harm. Findings demonstrate general inconsistency in measurement strategies on a range of issues, thus, making comparing prevalence rates between measures difficult. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Vivolo-Kantor, Alana M.; Martell, Brandi N.; Holland, Kristin M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Violence Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Westby, Ruth] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Vivolo-Kantor, AM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Violence Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, 4770 Buford Highway NE,MS F64, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM AVivoloKantor@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 88 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 3 U2 35 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-1789 EI 1873-6335 J9 AGGRESS VIOLENT BEH JI Aggress. Violent Behav. PD JUL-AUG PY 2014 VL 19 IS 4 BP 423 EP 434 DI 10.1016/j.avb.2014.06.008 PG 12 WC Criminology & Penology; Psychology, Multidisciplinary SC Criminology & Penology; Psychology GA AO0GP UT WOS:000340987400011 PM 26752229 ER PT J AU Meza, BPL Lohrke, B Wilkinson, R Pitman, JP Shiraishi, RW Bock, N Lowrance, DW Kuehnert, MJ Mataranyika, M Basavaraju, SV AF Meza, Benjamin P. L. Lohrke, Britta Wilkinson, Robert Pitman, John P. Shiraishi, Ray W. Bock, Naomi Lowrance, David W. Kuehnert, Matthew J. Mataranyika, Mary Basavaraju, Sridhar V. TI Estimation of the prevalence and rate of acute transfusion reactions occurring in Windhoek, Namibia SO BLOOD TRANSFUSION LA English DT Article DE blood safety; blood transfusion; blood transfusion/adverse effects; surveillance; Namibia ID SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA; IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS-INFECTION; BLOOD-TRANSFUSION; HAEMOVIGILANCE SYSTEM; REPORTING SYSTEM; SERIOUS HAZARDS; RISK; HIV; HEMOVIGILANCE; TRANSMISSION AB Background. Acute transfusion reactions are probably common in sub-Saharan Africa, but transfusion reaction surveillance systems have not been widely established. In 2008, the Blood Transfusion Service of Namibia implemented a national acute transfusion reaction surveillance system, but substantial under-reporting was suspected. We estimated the actual prevalence and rate of acute transfusion reactions occurring in Windhoek, Namibia. Methods. The percentage of transfusion events resulting in a reported acute transfusion reaction was calculated. Actual percentage and rates of acute transfusion reactions per 1,000 transfused units were estimated by reviewing patients' records from six hospitals, which transfuse >99% of all blood in Windhoek. Patients' records for 1,162 transfusion events occurring between 1st January - 31st December 2011 were randomly selected. Clinical and demographic information were abstracted and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention National Healthcare Safety Network criteria were applied to categorize acute transfusion reactions'. Results. From January 1 - December 31, 2011, there were 3,697 transfusion events (involving 10,338 blood units) in the selected hospitals. Eight (0.2%) acute transfusion reactions were reported to the surveillance system. Of the 1,162 transfusion events selected, medical records for 785 transfusion events were analysed, and 28 acute transfusion reactions were detected, of which only one had also been reported to the surveillance system. An estimated 3.4% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.3-4.4) of transfusion events in Windhoek resulted in an acute transfusion reaction, with an estimated rate of 11.5 (95% CI: 7.6-14.5) acute transfusion reactions per 1,000 transfused units. Conclusion. The estimated actual rate of acute transfusion reactions is higher than the rate reported to the national haemovigilance system. Improved surveillance and interventions to reduce transfusion-related morbidity and mortality are required in Namibia. C1 [Meza, Benjamin P. L.; Bock, Naomi; Basavaraju, Sridhar V.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, HIV Prevent Branch, Div Global HIV AIDS, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Meza, Benjamin P. L.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Sci Educ & Profess Dev Program Off, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Lohrke, Britta; Wilkinson, Robert] Blood Transfus Serv Namibia, Windhoek, Namibia. [Pitman, John P.; Lowrance, David W.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global HIV AIDS, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Shiraishi, Ray W.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidemiol & Strateg Informat Branch, Div Global HIV AIDS, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Kuehnert, Matthew J.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Blood Organ & Other Tissue Safety, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Mataranyika, Mary] Namibia Minist Hlth & Social Serv, Directorate Clin Support Serv, Windhoek, Namibia. RP Basavaraju, SV (reprint author), US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, HIV Prevent Branch, Div Global HIV AIDS, Ctr Global Hlth, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS E-04, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM etu7@cdc.gov OI Pitman, John/0000-0001-5983-7241 NR 47 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU SIMITI SERVIZI SRL PI MILAN PA VIA DESIDERIO 21, MILAN, 20131, ITALY SN 1723-2007 J9 BLOOD TRANSFUS-ITALY JI Blood Transf. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 12 IS 3 BP 352 EP 361 DI 10.2450/2013.0143-13 PG 10 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA AO1KF UT WOS:000341070300014 PM 24333079 ER PT J AU Ledermann, JP Zeidner, N Borland, EM Mutebi, JP Lanciotti, RS Miller, BR Lutwama, JJ Tendo, JM Andama, V Powers, AM AF Ledermann, Jeremy P. Zeidner, Nord Borland, Erin M. Mutebi, John-Paul Lanciotti, Robert S. Miller, Barry R. Lutwama, Julius J. Tendo, Joseph M. Andama, Vincent Powers, Ann M. TI Sunguru virus: a novel virus in the family Rhabdoviridae isolated from a chicken in north-western Uganda SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID VESICULAR STOMATITIS-VIRUS; CELL-LINES; ENCEPHALITIS-VIRUS; GENE; PROTEIN; RNA; IDENTIFICATION; NEUTRALIZATION; TRANSCRIPTION; REPLICATION AB Sunguru virus (SUNV), a novel virus belonging to the highly diverse Rhabdoviridae family, was isolated from a domestic chicken in the district of Arua, Uganda, in 2011. This is the first documented isolation of a rhabdovirus from a chicken. SUNV is related to, but distinct from, Boteke virus and other members of the unclassified Sandjimba group. The genome is 11 056 nt in length and contains the five core rhabdovirus genes plus an additional C gene (within the ORF of a phosphoprotein gene) and a small hydrophobic protein (between the matrix and glycoprotein genes). Inoculation of vertebrate cells with SUNV resulted in significant viral growth, with a peak titre of 7.8 log(10) p.f.u. ml(-1) observed in baby hamster kidney (BHK) cells. Little to no growth was observed in invertebrate cells and in live mosquitoes, with Anopheles gambiae mosquitoes having a 47.4% infection rate in the body but no dissemination of the virus to the salivary glands; this suggests that this novel virus is not arthropod borne as some other members of the family Rhabdoviridae. C1 [Ledermann, Jeremy P.; Borland, Erin M.; Mutebi, John-Paul; Lanciotti, Robert S.; Miller, Barry R.; Powers, Ann M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Zeidner, Nord] Int Ctr Diarrhoeal Dis Res, Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh. [Lutwama, Julius J.] Uganda Virus Res Inst, Dept Arbovirol, Entebbe, Uganda. [Tendo, Joseph M.] Uganda Virus Res Inst, CDC Uganda Plaque Lab, Arua, Uganda. [Andama, Vincent] Vurra Subcty Local Govt, Arua, Uganda. RP Ledermann, JP (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, 3156 Rampart Rd, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM jledermann@cdc.gov; Apowers@cdc.gov FU USAID Emerging Pandemic Threats Program; United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX We thank Dr Lesley Bell-Sakyi and the Tick Cell Biobank, University of Edinburgh, for providing the HAE/CTVM9 tick cell line and editing this manuscript, Andrea Peterson (CDC) for supplying the mosquitoes and Jason Velez (CDC) for providing critical guidance and production of the cell lines. Additional thanks go out to the Vurra subcounty, Arua District, Uganda, for supporting and granting specimen collections. This work was funded by the USAID Emerging Pandemic Threats Program and the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors only and do not necessarily reflect the views of their respective institutions. NR 28 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 1 PU SOC GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY PI READING PA MARLBOROUGH HOUSE, BASINGSTOKE RD, SPENCERS WOODS, READING RG7 1AG, BERKS, ENGLAND SN 0022-1317 EI 1465-2099 J9 J GEN VIROL JI J. Gen. Virol. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 95 BP 1436 EP 1443 DI 10.1099/vir.0.060764-0 PN 7 PG 8 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology GA AO2QW UT WOS:000341171300003 PM 24718834 ER PT J AU Corstjens, PLAM de Dood, CJ Priest, JW Tanke, HJ Handali, S AF Corstjens, Paul L. A. M. de Dood, Claudia J. Priest, Jeffrey W. Tanke, Hans J. Handali, Sukwan CA Cysticercosis Working Grp Peru TI Feasibility of a Lateral Flow Test for Neurocysticercosis Using Novel Up-Converting Nanomaterials and a Lightweight Strip Analyzer SO PLOS NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES LA English DT Article ID CIRCULATING ANODIC ANTIGEN; HUMORAL IMMUNE-RESPONSES; TAENIA-SOLIUM; PHOSPHOR TECHNOLOGY; RAPID ASSAY; DETECT; CYSTICERCOSIS; REPORTERS; CLONING; NANOPARTICLES AB Neurocysticercosis is a frequent parasitic infection of the human brain, occurring in most of the world, and requires imaging of the brain to diagnose. To determine the burden of disease and to simplify diagnosis, a field-friendly rapid lateral flow (LF) based antibody screening test was developed. The assay utilizes novel nano-sized up-converting phosphor (UCP) reporter particles in combination with a portable lightweight analyzer and detects antibodies in serum samples reactive with bacterial-expressed recombinant (r) T24H, a marker for detecting neurocysticercosis cases. Three sequential flow steps allow enrichment of antibodies on the Test (T) line and consecutive binding of protein-A coated UCP reporter particles. Antibody binding was determined by measuring 550 nm emission after excitation of the UCP label with a 980 nm infrared (IR) diode. Clinical sensitivity and specificity of the assay to detect cases of human neurocysticercosis with 2 or more viable brain cysts were 96% and 98%, respectively, using a sample set comprised of sera from 63 confirmed cases and 170 healthy parasite-naive non-endemic controls. In conclusion: Proof-of-principle, of a rapid UCP-LF screening assay for neurocysticercosis was demonstrated. The assay utilized bacterial-expressed rT24H as a potential alternative for baculovirus-expressed rT24H. Performance of the UCP-LF assay was excellent, although further studies need to confirm that bacterial expressed antigen can entirely replace previously used baculovirus antigen. In addition, the increasing availability of commercial sources for UCP reporter materials as well as the accessibility of affordable semi-handheld scanners may allow UCP-based bioanalytical systems for point-of-care to evolve at an even faster pace. C1 [Corstjens, Paul L. A. M.; de Dood, Claudia J.; Tanke, Hans J.] Leiden Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Mol Cell Biol, Leiden, Netherlands. [Priest, Jeffrey W.; Handali, Sukwan] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Corstjens, PLAM (reprint author), Leiden Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Mol Cell Biol, Leiden, Netherlands. EM P.Corstjens@LUMC.NL OI Corstjens, Paul/0000-0002-0004-0526 FU Leiden University (Leiden, the Netherlands); Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (Atlanta, United States of America) FX This work was funded by Leiden University (Leiden, the Netherlands) and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (Atlanta, United States of America). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 47 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 24 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1935-2735 J9 PLOS NEGLECT TROP D JI Plos Neglect. Trop. Dis. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 8 IS 7 AR e2944 DI 10.1371/journal.pntd.0002944 PG 12 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA AN4IQ UT WOS:000340551500014 PM 24992686 ER PT J AU Ellison, JA Gilbert, AT Recuenco, S Moran, D Alvarez, DA Kuzmina, N Garcia, DL Peruski, LF Mendonca, MT Lindblade, KA Rupprecht, CE AF Ellison, James A. Gilbert, Amy T. Recuenco, Sergio Moran, David Alvarez, Danilo A. Kuzmina, Natalia Garcia, Daniel L. Peruski, Leonard F. Mendonca, Mary T. Lindblade, Kim A. Rupprecht, Charles E. TI Bat Rabies in Guatemala SO PLOS NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES LA English DT Article ID BIG BROWN BATS; UNITED-STATES; NEUTRALIZING ANTIBODIES; VAMPIRE BATS; VIRUS; EPIDEMIOLOGY; TRANSMISSION; MEXICO; DIAGNOSIS; DYNAMICS AB Rabies in bats is considered enzootic throughout the New World, but few comparative data are available for most countries in the region. As part of a larger pathogen detection program, enhanced bat rabies surveillance was conducted in Guatemala, between 2009 and 2011. A total of 672 bats of 31 species were sampled and tested for rabies. The prevalence of rabies virus (RABV) detection among all collected bats was low (0.3%). Viral antigens were detected and infectious virus was isolated from the brains of two common vampire bats (Desmodus rotundus). RABV was also isolated from oral swabs, lungs and kidneys of both bats, whereas viral RNA was detected in all of the tissues examined by hemi-nested RT-PCR except for the liver of one bat. Sequencing of the nucleoprotein gene showed that both viruses were 100% identical, whereas sequencing of the glycoprotein gene revealed one non-synonymous substitution (302(T,S)). The two vampire bat RABV isolates in this study were phylogenetically related to viruses associated with vampire bats in the eastern states of Mexico and El Salvador. Additionally, 7% of sera collected from 398 bats demonstrated RABV neutralizing antibody. The proportion of seropositive bats varied significantly across trophic guilds, suggestive of complex intraspecific compartmentalization of RABV perpetuation. C1 [Ellison, James A.; Recuenco, Sergio; Kuzmina, Natalia] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Ellison, James A.; Mendonca, Mary T.] Auburn Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. [Gilbert, Amy T.] Natl Wildlife Res Ctr, USDA, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Moran, David; Alvarez, Danilo A.] Univ Valle Guatemala, Ctr Hlth Studies, Guatemala City, Guatemala. [Garcia, Daniel L.; Peruski, Leonard F.; Lindblade, Kim A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Reg Off Cent Amer, Guatemala City, Guatemala. [Garcia, Daniel L.; Peruski, Leonard F.; Lindblade, Kim A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Hlth Protect, Atlanta, GA USA. [Rupprecht, Charles E.] Ross Univ, Sch Vet Med, Basseterre, St Kitts, W Ind Assoc St. RP Ellison, JA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM JEllison@cdc.gov OI Recuenco-Cabrera, Sergio/0000-0002-8446-7411 FU CDC Global Disease Detection Program, Technical Support Corps. FX This work was supported in part by the CDC Global Disease Detection Program, Technical Support Corps. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 58 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 7 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1935-2735 J9 PLOS NEGLECT TROP D JI Plos Neglect. Trop. Dis. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 8 IS 7 AR e3070 DI 10.1371/journal.pntd.0003070 PG 10 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA AN4IQ UT WOS:000340551500079 PM 25080103 ER PT J AU Oscar, R Lemoine, JF Direny, AN Desir, L de Rochars, VEMB Poirier, MJP Varghese, A Obidegwu, I Lammie, PJ Streit, TG Milord, MD AF Oscar, Roland Lemoine, Jean Frantz Direny, Abdel Nasser Desir, Luccene de Rochars, Valery E. Madsen Beau Poirier, Mathieu J. P. Varghese, Ann Obidegwu, Ijeoma Lammie, Patrick J. Streit, Thomas G. Milord, Marie Denise TI Haiti National Program for the Elimination of Lymphatic Filariasis-A Model of Success in the Face of Adversity SO PLOS NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES LA English DT Article ID NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES; LYMPHEDEMA MANAGEMENT; MASS TREATMENT; DRUG COVERAGE; LEOGANE; DIETHYLCARBAMAZINE; COSTS; SALT; ELEPHANTIASIS; TRANSMISSION C1 [Oscar, Roland; Lemoine, Jean Frantz; Milord, Marie Denise] Minist Publ Hlth & Populat, Port Au Prince, Haiti. [Direny, Abdel Nasser] IMA World Hlth, New Windsor, MD USA. [Direny, Abdel Nasser; Desir, Luccene; de Rochars, Valery E. Madsen Beau; Varghese, Ann; Streit, Thomas G.] Hop Ste Croix, Leogane, Haiti. [Desir, Luccene; de Rochars, Valery E. Madsen Beau; Poirier, Mathieu J. P.; Streit, Thomas G.; Milord, Marie Denise] Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. [de Rochars, Valery E. Madsen Beau; Lammie, Patrick J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Obidegwu, Ijeoma] CBM, Greenville, SC USA. RP Oscar, R (reprint author), Minist Publ Hlth & Populat, Port Au Prince, Haiti. EM pjl1@cdc.gov FU Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation; CDC; UND; IMAWH; Abbott fund; Abbvie fund; USAID; RTI International; Partners for Philanthropic Change; Frank Eck Family Foundation; Inter-American Development Bank; PepsiCo Foundation FX The LF Eliminatiion Program in Haiti has been supported by GSK's generous donation of albendazole and by financial support from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, CDC, UND, IMAWH, Abbott and Abbvie funds, USAID, RTI International, Partners for Philanthropic Change, Frank Eck Family Foundation, Inter-American Development Bank, and PepsiCo Foundation. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 32 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 4 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1935-2735 J9 PLOS NEGLECT TROP D JI Plos Neglect. Trop. Dis. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 8 IS 7 AR e2915 DI 10.1371/journal.pntd.0002915 PG 6 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA AN4IQ UT WOS:000340551500009 PM 25032697 ER PT J AU Sarkar, R Tate, JE Ajjampur, SSR Kattula, D John, J Ward, HD Kang, G AF Sarkar, Rajiv Tate, Jacqueline E. Ajjampur, Sitara S. R. Kattula, Deepthi John, Jacob Ward, Honorine D. Kang, Gagandeep TI Burden of Diarrhea, Hospitalization and Mortality Due to Cryptosporidial Infections in Indian Children SO PLOS NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES LA English DT Article ID MIDDLE-INCOME COUNTRIES; SEMIURBAN COMMUNITY; SYSTEMATIC ANALYSIS; NORTHEAST BRAZIL; SOUTHERN INDIA; CHILDHOOD; DISEASE; ASSOCIATION; SLUM; GASTROENTERITIS AB Background: Cryptosporidium spp. is a common, but under-reported cause of childhood diarrhea throughout the world, especially in developing countries. A comprehensive estimate of the burden of cryptosporidiosis in resource-poor settings is not available. Methodology/Principal Findings: We used published and unpublished studies to estimate the burden of diarrhea, hospitalization and mortality due to cryptosporidial infections in Indian children. Our estimates suggest that annually, one in every 6-11 children <2 years of age will have an episode of cryptosporidial diarrhea, 1 in every 169-633 children will be hospitalized and 1 in every 2890-7247 children will die due to cryptosporidiosis. Since there are approximately 42 million children <2 years of age in India, it is estimated that Cryptosporidium results in 3.9-7.1 million diarrheal episodes, 66.4-249.0 thousand hospitalizations, and 5.8-14.6 thousand deaths each year. Conclusions/Significance: The findings of this study suggest a high burden of cryptosporidiosis among children,2 years of age in India and makes a compelling case for further research on transmission and prevention modalities of Cryptosporidium spp. in India and other developing countries. C1 [Sarkar, Rajiv; Ajjampur, Sitara S. R.; Kattula, Deepthi; John, Jacob; Ward, Honorine D.; Kang, Gagandeep] Christian Med Coll & Hosp, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India. [Tate, Jacqueline E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Ward, Honorine D.] Tufts Med Ctr, Boston, MA USA. RP Sarkar, R (reprint author), Christian Med Coll & Hosp, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India. EM gkang@cmcvellore.ac.in OI John, Jacob/0000-0003-3654-5099; Kang, Gagandeep/0000-0002-3656-564X FU NIAID [R01 A1075452, R01 A1072222]; FIC training grant [D43 TW007392] FX This work was supported by NIAID grants R01 A1075452 (PI - GK) and R01 A1072222 (PI HW). RS and DK were supported by FIC training grant D43 TW007392 (PI - GK). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 48 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 9 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1935-2735 J9 PLOS NEGLECT TROP D JI Plos Neglect. Trop. Dis. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 8 IS 7 AR e3042 DI 10.1371/journal.pntd.0003042 PG 8 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA AN4IQ UT WOS:000340551500066 PM 25058664 ER PT J AU Weinkopff, T Mackenzie, C Eversole, R Lammie, PJ AF Weinkopff, Tiffany Mackenzie, Charles Eversole, Rob Lammie, Patrick J. TI Filarial Excretory-Secretory Products Induce Human Monocytes to Produce Lymphangiogenic Mediators SO PLOS NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES LA English DT Article ID HUMAN LYMPHATIC FILARIASIS; ADULT WUCHERERIA-BANCROFTI; BRUGIA-MALAYI INFECTION; HUMAN ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS; VEGF-A; NUDE-MICE; IMMUNE-RECONSTITUTION; SCROTAL AREA; GENE-THERAPY; ANGIOGENESIS AB The nematodes Wuchereria bancrofti and Brugia spp. infect over 120 million people worldwide, causing lymphedema, elephantiasis and hydrocele, collectively known as lymphatic filariasis. Most infected individuals appear to be asymptomatic, but many exhibit sub-clinical manifestations including the lymphangiectasia that likely contributes to the development of lymphedema and elephantiasis. As adult worm excretory-secretory products (ES) do not directly activate lymphatic endothelial cells (LEC), we investigated the role of monocyte/macrophage-derived soluble factors in the development of filarial lymphatic pathology. We analyzed the production of IL-8, IL-6 and VEGF-A by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from naive donors following stimulation with filarial ES products. ES-stimulated PBMCs produced significantly more IL-8, IL-6 and VEGF-A compared to cells cultured in medium alone; CD14(+) monocytes appear to be the primary producers of IL-8 and VEGF-A, but not IL-6. Furthermore, IL-8, IL-6 and VEGF-A induced in vitro tubule formation in LEC Matrigel cultures. Matrigel plugs supplemented with IL-8, IL-6, VEGF-A, or with supernatants from ES-stimulated PBMCs and implanted in vivo stimulated lymphangiogenesis. Collectively, these data support the hypothesis that monocytes/macrophages exposed to filarial ES products may modulate lymphatic function through the secretion of soluble factors that stimulate the vessel growth associated with the pathogenesis of filarial disease. C1 [Weinkopff, Tiffany; Lammie, Patrick J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Weinkopff, Tiffany] Univ Georgia, Dept Cell Biol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Mackenzie, Charles] Michigan State Univ, Dept Pathobiol & Diagnost Invest, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Mackenzie, Charles; Eversole, Rob] Western Michigan Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Kalamazoo, MI 49008 USA. RP Weinkopff, T (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM wtiff@vet.upenn.edu FU Glaxo SmithKline [T32 AI 060546]; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Emerging Infectious Disease Program FX This work was supported by a grant from Glaxo SmithKline to MSU for filarial disease investigation as well as a training grant to the Center for Tropical and Emerging Infectious Diseases (T32 AI 060546) with additional support from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Emerging Infectious Disease Program. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 57 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 8 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1935-2735 J9 PLOS NEGLECT TROP D JI Plos Neglect. Trop. Dis. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 8 IS 7 AR e2893 DI 10.1371/journal.pntd.0002893 PG 12 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA AN4IQ UT WOS:000340551500005 PM 25010672 ER PT J AU Balaban, V Warnock, E Dhara, VR Jean-Louis, LA Sotir, MJ Kozarsky, P AF Balaban, Victor Warnock, Eli Dhara, V. Ramana Jean-Louis, Lee Ann Sotir, Mark J. Kozarsky, Phyllis TI Health risks, travel preparation, and illness among public health professionals during international travel SO TRAVEL MEDICINE AND INFECTIOUS DISEASE LA English DT Article DE Occupational travel medicine; International travel; Public health professionals; Health risks; Pre-travel consultations ID KNOWLEDGE; ATTITUDES; MALARIA; AIRPORT AB Background: Few data currently exist on health risks faced by public health professionals (PHP) during international travel. We conducted pre- and post-travel health surveys to assess knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP), and illnesses among PHP international travelers. Method: Anonymous surveys were completed by PHP from a large American public health agency who sought a pre-travel medical consult from September 1, 2009, to September 30, 2010. Results: Surveys were completed by 122 participants; travelers went to 163 countries. Of the 122 respondents, 97 (80%) reported at least one planned health risk activity (visiting rural areas, handling animals, contact with blood or body fluids, visiting malarious areas), and 50 (41%) reported exposure to unanticipated health risks. Of the 62 travelers who visited malarious areas, 14 (23%) reported inconsistent or no use of malaria prophylaxis. Illness during travel was reported by 33 (27%) respondents. Conclusions: Most of the PHP travelers in our study reported at least one planned health risk activity, and almost half reported exposure to unanticipated health risks, and one-quarter of travelers to malarious areas reported inconsistent or no use of malaria chemoprophylaxis. Our findings highlight that communication and education outreach for PHP to prevent travel-associated illnesses can be improved. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Balaban, Victor; Sotir, Mark J.; Kozarsky, Phyllis] CDC, Div Global Migrat & Quarantine, Travelers Hlth Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Warnock, Eli; Dhara, V. Ramana; Jean-Louis, Lee Ann] CDC, Occupat Hlth & Prevent Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Balaban, V (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, Field Serv, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E-10, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM vbalaban@cdc.gov FU CDC FX The article and research is funded by CDC. Please update the line as it is updated for any CDC funded article. NR 9 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1477-8939 EI 1873-0442 J9 TRAVEL MED INFECT DI JI Travel Med. Infect. Dis. PD JUL-AUG PY 2014 VL 12 IS 4 SI SI BP 349 EP 354 DI 10.1016/j.tmaid.2014.01.007 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA AO0DP UT WOS:000340979600009 PM 24636553 ER PT J AU Stein, A Desmond, C Garbarino, J Van IJzendoorn, MH Barbarin, O Black, MM Stein, AD Hillis, SD Kalichman, SC Mercy, JA Bakermans-Kranenburg, MJ Rapa, E Saul, JR Dobrova-Krol, NA Richter, LM AF Stein, Alan Desmond, Christopher Garbarino, James Van IJzendoorn, Marinus H. Barbarin, Oscar Black, Maureen M. Stein, Aryeh D. Hillis, Susan D. Kalichman, Seth C. Mercy, James A. Bakermans-Kranenburg, Marian J. Rapa, Elizabeth Saul, Janet R. Dobrova-Krol, Natasha A. Richter, Linda M. TI Predicting long-term outcomes for children affected by HIV and AIDS: perspectives from the scientific study of children's development SO AIDS LA English DT Article DE adversity; AIDS; caregiver; child development; HIV; resilience ID ADVERSE CHILDHOOD EXPERIENCES; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; MIDDLE-INCOME COUNTRIES; COGNITIVE-DEVELOPMENT; PARENTAL DIVORCE; MENTAL-HEALTH; ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; HOUSEHOLD DYSFUNCTION; VULNERABLE CHILDREN; INSTITUTIONAL CARE AB The immediate and short-term consequences of adult HIV for affected children are well documented. Little research has examined the long-term implications of childhood adversity stemming from caregiver HIV infection. Through overviews provided by experts in the field, together with an iterative process of consultation and refinement, we have extracted insights from the broader field of child development of relevance to predicting the long-term consequences to children affected by HIV and AIDS. We focus on what is known about the impact of adversities similar to those experienced by HIV-affected children, and for which there is longitudinal evidence. Cautioning that findings are not directly transferable across children or contexts, we examine findings from the study of parental death, divorce, poor parental mental health, institutionalization, undernutrition, and exposure to violence. Regardless of the type of adversity, the majority of children manifest resilience and do not experience any long-term negative consequences. However, a significant minority do and these children experience not one, but multiple problems, which frequently endure over time in the absence of support and opportunities for recovery. As a result, they are highly likely to suffer numerous and enduring impacts. These insights suggest a new strategic approach to interventions for children affected by HIV and AIDS, one that effectively combines a universal lattice of protection with intensive intervention targeted to selected children and families. C1 [Stein, Alan; Rapa, Elizabeth] Univ Oxford, Sect Child & Adolescent Psychiat, Oxford OX1 2JD, England. [Stein, Alan] Univ Witwatersrand, Sch Publ Hlth, ZA-2050 Johannesburg, South Africa. [Desmond, Christopher] Human Sci Res Council, Human & Social Dev Res Program, ZA-4001 Durban, KwaZulu Natal, South Africa. [Garbarino, James] Loyola Univ, Dept Psychol, Chicago, IL 60626 USA. [Van IJzendoorn, Marinus H.; Bakermans-Kranenburg, Marian J.; Dobrova-Krol, Natasha A.] Leiden Univ, Grad Sch Social & Behav Sci, Ctr Child & Family Studies, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. [Barbarin, Oscar] Tulane Univ, Ctr Children Families & Sch, New Orleans, LA 70118 USA. [Black, Maureen M.] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [Stein, Aryeh D.] Emory Univ, Hubert Dept Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Hillis, Susan D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA USA. [Kalichman, Seth C.] Univ Connecticut, Dept Psychol, Storrs, CT USA. [Mercy, James A.] Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Div Violence Prevent, Oxford, England. [Saul, Janet R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Global Hlth, Div Global HIV AIDS, Atlanta, GA USA. [Richter, Linda M.] Human Sci Res Council, HIV AIDS STIs & TB Res Programme, Durban, South Africa. RP Desmond, C (reprint author), Human Sci Res Council, Human & Social Dev Res Program, 750 Francois Rd, ZA-4001 Durban, KwaZulu Natal, South Africa. EM cdesmond@hsrc.ac.za OI Stein, Aryeh/0000-0003-1138-6458 FU PEPFAR/USAID, through AIDStar Two FX The authors would like to acknowledge the leadership and financial support provided by PEPFAR/USAID, through AIDStar Two, managed by MSH. We are grateful for the support of individual staff, notably, Gretchen Bachman, Janet Shriberg and Lindsey Davis from USAID/PEPFAR; Nicole Behnam from PEPFAR; and Sarah Johnson and Erin Kurtz from MSH, as well as all those who attended the review meetings at which this work was presented. NR 82 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 4 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0269-9370 EI 1473-5571 J9 AIDS JI Aids PD JUL PY 2014 VL 28 SU 3 BP S261 EP S268 DI 10.1097/QAD.0000000000000328 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA AM8XD UT WOS:000340161500006 PM 24991899 ER PT J AU Bartenfeld, MT Peacock, G Griese, SE AF Bartenfeld, Michael T. Peacock, Georgina Griese, Stephanie E. TI PUBLIC HEALTH EMERGENCY PLANNING FOR CHILDREN IN CHEMICAL, BIOLOGICAL, RADIOLOGICAL, AND NUCLEAR (CBRN) DISASTERS SO BIOSECURITY AND BIOTERRORISM-BIODEFENSE STRATEGY PRACTICE AND SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID 3 MILE ISLAND; CUTANEOUS ANTHRAX; CONTACT VACCINIA; FUKUSHIMA; CHERNOBYL; CONSEQUENCES; ACCIDENT; EXPOSURE; INFANT AB Children represent nearly a quarter of the US population, but their unique needs in chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear (CBRN) emergencies may not be well understood by public health and emergency management personnel or even clinicians. Children are different from adults physically, developmentally, and socially. These characteristics have implications for providing care in CBRN disasters, making resulting illness in children challenging to prevent, identify, and treat. This article discusses these distinct physical, developmental, and social traits and characteristics of children in the context of the science behind exposure to, health effects from, and treatment for the threat agents potentially present in CBRN incidents. C1 [Bartenfeld, Michael T.; Peacock, Georgina] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Griese, Stephanie E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Publ Hlth Preparedness & Response, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Bartenfeld, MT (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E86, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM vdv4@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 56 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 9 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1538-7135 EI 1557-850X J9 BIOSECUR BIOTERROR JI Biosecur. Bioterror. PD JUL-AUG PY 2014 VL 12 IS 4 BP 201 EP 207 DI 10.1089/bsp.2014.0036 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; International Relations SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; International Relations GA AM7SV UT WOS:000340069800006 PM 25014894 ER PT J AU Khuri-Bulos, N Payne, DC Lu, X Erdman, D Wang, L Faouri, S Shehabi, A Johnson, M Becker, MM Denison, MR Williams, JV Halasa, NB AF Khuri-Bulos, N. Payne, D. C. Lu, X. Erdman, D. Wang, L. Faouri, S. Shehabi, A. Johnson, M. Becker, M. M. Denison, M. R. Williams, J. V. Halasa, N. B. TI Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus not detected in children hospitalized with acute respiratory illness in Amman, Jordan, March 2010 to September 2012 SO CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTION LA English DT Article DE Coronavirus; MERS-CoV; novel; surveillance; virus ID UK AB Hospitalized children <2 years of age in Amman, Jordan, admitted for fever and/or respiratory symptoms, were tested for Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV): MERS-CoV by real-time RT-PCR (rRT-PCR). This was a prospective year-round viral surveillance study in children <2 years of age admitted with acute respiratory symptoms and/or fever from March 2010 to September 2012 and enrolled from a government-run hospital, Al-Bashir in Amman, Jordan. Clinical and demographic data, including antibiotic use, were collected. Combined nasal/throat swabs were collected, aliquoted, and frozen at -80 degrees C. Specimen aliquots were shipped to Vanderbilt University and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), and tested by rRT-PCR for MERS-CoV. Of the 2433 subjects enrolled from 16 March 2010 to 10 September 2012, 2427 subjects had viral testing and clinical data. Of 1898 specimens prospectively tested for other viruses between 16 March 2010 and 18 March 2012, 474 samples did not have other common respiratory viruses detected. These samples were tested at CDC for MERS-CoV and all were negative by rRT-PCR for MERS-CoV. Of the remaining 531 samples, collected from 19 March 2012 to 10 September 2012 and tested at Vanderbilt, none were positive for MERS-CoV. Our negative findings from a large sample of young Jordanian children hospitalized with fever and/or respiratory symptoms suggest that MERS-CoV was not widely circulating in Amman, Jordan, during the 30-month period of prospective, active surveillance occurring before and after the first documented MERS-CoV outbreak in the Middle East region. C1 [Khuri-Bulos, N.; Johnson, M.; Becker, M. M.; Denison, M. R.; Williams, J. V.; Halasa, N. B.] Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Nashville, TN 37212 USA. [Khuri-Bulos, N.] Univ Jordan, Dept Pediat, Amman, Jordan. [Payne, D. C.; Lu, X.; Erdman, D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Wang, L.] Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Dept Biostat, Nashville, TN 37212 USA. [Faouri, S.] Al Basheer, Amman, Jordan. [Shehabi, A.] Univ Jordan, Dept Microbiol, Amman, Jordan. RP Halasa, NB (reprint author), 1161 21st Ave South,D7232 MCN, Nashville, TN 37232 USA. EM natasha.halasa@vanderbilt.edu RI Williams, John/F-6962-2010 OI Williams, John/0000-0001-8377-5175 FU Union Bank of Switzerland (UBS) Optimus Foundation; CTSA from the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences [UL1TR000445] FX We wish to acknowledge our research staff who enrolled these subjects: Hanan Amin, Amani Altaber, Hana'a Khalaf, Isra'a Kharbat, Darin Yasin and Shireen Issa. All phases of this project were supported by the Union Bank of Switzerland (UBS) Optimus Foundation. The project publication described was supported by CTSA award No. UL1TR000445 from the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences. Its contents are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent official views of the National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences or the National Institutes of Health. NR 15 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1198-743X EI 1469-0691 J9 CLIN MICROBIOL INFEC JI Clin. Microbiol. Infect. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 20 IS 7 BP 678 EP 682 DI 10.1111/1469-0691.12438 PG 5 WC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA AM9JX UT WOS:000340199000023 PM 24313317 ER PT J AU Mentasti, M Underwood, A Luck, C Kozak-Muiznieks, NA Harrison, TG Fry, NK AF Mentasti, M. Underwood, A. Lueck, C. Kozak-Muiznieks, N. A. Harrison, T. G. Fry, N. K. TI Extension of the Legionella pneumophila sequence-based typing scheme to include strains carrying a variant of the N-acylneuraminate cytidylyltransferase gene SO CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTION LA English DT Article DE ESGLI; Legionella pneumophila; neuA; neuAh; sequence-based typing ID NEUA AB Sequence-based typing (SBT) combined with monoclonal antibody subgrouping of Legionella pneumophila isolates is at present considered to be the reference standard during epidemiological investigation of Legionnaires' disease outbreaks. In some isolates of L. pneumophila, the seventh allele of the standard SBT scheme, neuA, is not amplified, because a homologue that is refractory to amplification with the standard neuA primers is present. Consequently, a complete seven-allele profile, and hence a sequence type, cannot be obtained. Subsequently, primers were designed to amplify both neuA and the homologue, but these yielded suboptimal sequencing results. In this study, novel primers specific for the neuA homologue were designed and internationally validated by members of the ESCMID Study Group for Legionella Infections at national and regional Legionella reference laboratories with a modified version of the online L. pneumophila sequence quality tool. To date, the addition of the neuAh target to the SBT protocol has allowed full typing data to be obtained for 108 isolates of 11 different serogroups, namely 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 10, 13, and 14, which could not previously be typed with the standard SBT neuA primers. Further studies are necessary to determine why it is still not possible to obtain either a neuA or a neuAh allele from three serogroup 11 isolates. C1 [Mentasti, M.; Harrison, T. G.; Fry, N. K.] Publ Hlth England, Resp & Vaccine Preventable Bacteria Reference Uni, London NW9 5EQ, England. [Underwood, A.] Publ Hlth England, Appl Lab & Bioinformat Unit, London NW9 5EQ, England. [Lueck, C.] Tech Univ Dresden, Inst Med Mikrobiol & Hyg, Dresden, Germany. [Kozak-Muiznieks, N. A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Mentasti, M (reprint author), Publ Hlth England, Resp & Vaccine Preventable Bacteria Reference Uni, 61 Colindale Ave, London NW9 5EQ, England. EM massimo.mentasti@phe.gov.uk OI Fry, Norman/0000-0003-4862-6507; Mentasti, Massimo/0000-0003-4530-7463 NR 8 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 4 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1198-743X EI 1469-0691 J9 CLIN MICROBIOL INFEC JI Clin. Microbiol. Infect. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 20 IS 7 BP O435 EP O441 DI 10.1111/1469-0691.12459 PG 7 WC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA AM9JX UT WOS:000340199000005 PM 24245827 ER PT J AU Duncan, CG Tiller, R Mathis, D Stoddard, R Kersh, GJ Dickerson, B Gelatt, T AF Duncan, Colleen G. Tiller, Rebekah Mathis, Demetrius Stoddard, Robyn Kersh, Gilbert J. Dickerson, Bobette Gelatt, Tom TI Brucella placentitis and seroprevalence in northern fur seals (Callorhinus ursinus) of the Pribilof Islands, Alaska SO JOURNAL OF VETERINARY DIAGNOSTIC INVESTIGATION LA English DT Article DE Alaska; Brucella; northern fur seals; placentitis; serosurvey ID ST-PAUL ISLAND; COXIELLA-BURNETII; VITULINA-RICHARDSI; TURSIOPS-TRUNCATUS; YELLOWSTONE BISON; SEROLOGIC SURVEY; MARINE MAMMALS; SP INFECTION; DOLPHINS; SPP. AB Brucella species infect a wide range of hosts with a broad spectrum of clinical manifestations. In mammals, one of the most significant consequences of Brucella infection is reproductive failure. There is evidence of Brucella exposure in many species of marine mammals, but the outcome of infection is often challenging to determine. The eastern Pacific stock of northern fur seals (NFSs, Callorhinus ursinus) has declined significantly, spawning research into potential causes for this trend, including investigation into reproductive health. The objective of the current study was to determine if NFSs on St. Paul Island, Alaska have evidence of Brucella exposure or infection. Archived DNA extracted from placentas (n = 119) and serum (n = 40) samples were available for testing by insertion sequence (IS) 711 polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and the Brucella microagglutination test (BMAT), respectively. As well, placental tissue was available for histologic examination. Six (5%) placentas were positive by PCR, and a single animal had severe placentitis. Multilocus variable number tandem repeat analysis profiles were highly clustered and closely related to other Brucella pinnipedialis isolates. A single animal was positive on BMAT, and 12 animals had titers within the borderline range; 1 borderline animal was positive by PCR on serum. The findings suggest that NFSs on the Pribilof Islands are exposed to Brucella and that the organism has the ability to cause severe placental disease. Given the population trend of the NFS, and the zoonotic nature of this pathogen, further investigation into the epidemiology of this disease is recommended. C1 [Duncan, Colleen G.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Microbiol Immunol & Pathol, Ft Collins, CO 80524 USA. [Tiller, Rebekah; Mathis, Demetrius; Stoddard, Robyn] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Bacterial Special Pathogens Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Kersh, Gilbert J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Rickettsial Zoonoses Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Dickerson, Bobette; Gelatt, Tom] NOAA, Natl Marine Fisheries Serv, Alaska Fisheries Sci Ctr, Natl Marine Mammal Lab, Seattle, WA 98115 USA. RP Duncan, CG (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Diagnost Med Ctr, 300 West Drake Ave, Ft Collins, CO 80524 USA. EM colleen.duncan@colostate.edu NR 37 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 20 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 1040-6387 EI 1943-4936 J9 J VET DIAGN INVEST JI J. Vet. Diagn. Invest. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 26 IS 4 BP 507 EP 512 DI 10.1177/1040638714532647 PG 6 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA AN0EQ UT WOS:000340256800004 PM 24803576 ER PT J AU Elliott, JC Aharonovich, E O'Leary, A Wainberg, M Hasin, DS AF Elliott, Jennifer C. Aharonovich, Efrat O'Leary, Ann Wainberg, Milton Hasin, Deborah S. TI Drinking Motives Among HIV Primary Care Patients SO AIDS AND BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article DE HIV; Drinking; Alcohol; Motives ID ALCOHOL-USE DISORDERS; INTERACTIVE TOXICITY BELIEFS; ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; NATIONAL EPIDEMIOLOGIC SURVEY; INTERVIEW SCHEDULE AUDADIS; INFECTED PATIENTS; LIVER-DISEASE; COMMUNITY SAMPLE; FAMILY-HISTORY; SUBSTANCE USE AB Heavy drinking among individuals with HIV is associated with poor medication adherence and other health problems. Understanding reasons for drinking (drinking motives) in this population is therefore important and could inform intervention. Using concepts of drinking motives from previous alcohol research, we assessed these motives and drinking in 254 HIV-positive primary care patients (78.0 % male; 94.5 % African American or Hispanic) prior to their participation in an alcohol intervention trial. Three motives had good factor structure and internal consistency: "drinking to cope with negative affect'', "drinking for social facilitation'' (both associated with heavier drinking), and "drinking due to social pressure'' (associated with less drinking). Drinking motives may provide important content for alcohol intervention; clinical trials could indicate whether inclusion of such content improves intervention efficacy. Discussing motives in session could help providers assist clients in better managing psychological and social aspects of their lives without reliance on alcohol. C1 [Elliott, Jennifer C.; Hasin, Deborah S.] Columbia Univ, Mailman Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, New York, NY USA. [Aharonovich, Efrat; Wainberg, Milton; Hasin, Deborah S.] Columbia Univ, Coll Phys & Surg, Dept Psychiat, New York, NY 10032 USA. [Aharonovich, Efrat; Wainberg, Milton; Hasin, Deborah S.] New York State Psychiat Inst & Hosp, New York, NY 10032 USA. [O'Leary, Ann] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Hasin, DS (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Coll Phys & Surg, Dept Psychiat, 1051 Riverside Dr 123, New York, NY 10032 USA. EM dsh2@columbia.edu FU NIAAA NIH HHS [K05AA014223, K05 AA014223, R01AA014323, R01 AA014323]; NIDA NIH HHS [T32 DA031099, R01 DA024606, R01DA024606, T32DA031099] NR 61 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 3 U2 7 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1090-7165 EI 1573-3254 J9 AIDS BEHAV JI AIDS Behav. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 18 IS 7 BP 1315 EP 1323 DI 10.1007/s10461-013-0644-4 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences, Biomedical SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Biomedical Social Sciences GA AM5AO UT WOS:000339867700012 PM 24165984 ER PT J AU Coffin, PO Santos, GM Colfax, G Das, M Matheson, T DeMicco, E Dilley, J Vittinghoff, E Raiford, JL Carry, M Herbst, JH AF Coffin, Phillip O. Santos, Glenn-Milo Colfax, Grant Das, Moupali Matheson, Tim DeMicco, Erin Dilley, James Vittinghoff, Eric Raiford, Jerris L. Carry, Monique Herbst, Jeffrey H. TI Adapted Personalized Cognitive Counseling for Episodic Substance-Using Men Who Have Sex with Men: A Randomized Controlled Trial SO AIDS AND BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article DE HIV prevention; Evidence-based intervention; Cognitive counseling; Adaptation; Substance use; MSM ID DEPENDENCE SCALE SDS; DRUG-USE PATTERNS; HIV-POSITIVE MEN; SAN-FRANCISCO; BISEXUAL MEN; HIGH-RISK; UNITED-STATES; ALCOHOL-USE; METHAMPHETAMINE USE; AMPHETAMINE USERS AB Episodic drug use and binge drinking are associated with HIV risk among substance-using men who have sex with men (SUMSM), yet no evidence-based interventions exist for these men. We adapted personalized cognitive counseling (PCC) to address self-justifications for high-risk sex among HIV-negative, episodic SUMSM, then randomized men to PCC (n = 162) with HIV testing or control (n = 164) with HIV testing alone. No significant between-group differences were found in the three primary study outcomes: number of unprotected anal intercourse events (UAI), number of UAI partners, and UAI with three most recent non-primary partners. In a planned subgroup analysis of non-substance dependent men, there were significant reductions in UAI with most recent non-primary partners among PCC participants (RR = 0.56; 95 % CI 0.34-0.92; P = 0.02). We did not find evidence that PCC reduced sexual risk behaviors overall, but observed significant reductions in UAI events among non-dependent SUMSM. PCC may be beneficial among SUMSM screening negative for substance dependence. C1 [Coffin, Phillip O.; Santos, Glenn-Milo; Colfax, Grant; Das, Moupali; Matheson, Tim; DeMicco, Erin] San Francisco Dept Publ Hlth, Subst Use Res Unit, San Francisco, CA 94102 USA. [Coffin, Phillip O.; Santos, Glenn-Milo; Colfax, Grant; Das, Moupali; Dilley, James; Vittinghoff, Eric] Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Raiford, Jerris L.; Carry, Monique; Herbst, Jeffrey H.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Prevent Res Branch, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Coffin, PO (reprint author), San Francisco Dept Publ Hlth, Subst Use Res Unit, 25 Van Ness Ave,Suite 500, San Francisco, CA 94102 USA. EM phillip.coffin@sfdph.org OI Coffin, Phillip/0000-0002-3891-6570 FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999]; NCHHSTP CDC HHS [UR6PS000684, UR6 PS000684] NR 60 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 3 U2 7 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1090-7165 EI 1573-3254 J9 AIDS BEHAV JI AIDS Behav. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 18 IS 7 BP 1390 EP 1400 DI 10.1007/s10461-014-0712-4 PG 11 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences, Biomedical SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Biomedical Social Sciences GA AM5AO UT WOS:000339867700021 PM 24510401 ER PT J AU Gupta, N Hocevar, SN Moulton-Meissner, HA Stevens, KM McIntyre, MG Jensen, B Kuhar, DT Noble-Wang, JA Schnatz, RG Becker, SC Kastango, ES Shehab, N Kallen, AJ AF Gupta, Neil Hocevar, Susan N. Moulton-Meissner, Heather A. Stevens, Kelly M. McIntyre, Mary G. Jensen, Bette Kuhar, David T. Noble-Wang, Judith A. Schnatz, Rick G. Becker, Shawn C. Kastango, Eric S. Shehab, Nadine Kallen, Alexander J. TI Outbreak of Serratia marcescens Bloodstream Infections in Patients Receiving Parenteral Nutrition Prepared by a Compounding Pharmacy SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE compounding; contamination; outbreak; nutrition; Serratia ID MULTISTATE OUTBREAK; DRUG SHORTAGES; UNITED-STATES; INJECTION; ENDOPHTHALMITIS; BEVACIZUMAB; ADMIXTURES AB Background. Compounding pharmacies often prepare parenteral nutrition (PN) and must adhere to rigorous standards to avoid contamination of the sterile preparation. In March 2011, Serratia marcescens bloodstream infections (BSIs) were identified in 5 patients receiving PN from a single compounding pharmacy. An investigation was conducted to identify potential sources of contamination and prevent further infections. Methods. Cases were defined as S. marcescens BSIs in patients receiving PN from the pharmacy between January and March 2011. We reviewed case patients' clinical records, evaluated pharmacy compounding practices, and obtained epidemiologically directed environmental cultures. Molecular relatedness of available Serratia isolates was determined by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). Results. Nineteen case patients were identified; 9 died. The attack rate for patients receiving PN in March was 35%. No case patients were younger than 18 years. In October 2010, the pharmacy began compounding and filter-sterilizing amino acid solution for adult PN using nonsterile amino acids due to a national manufacturer shortage. Review of this process identified breaches in mixing, filtration, and sterility testing practices. S. marcescens was identified from a pharmacy water faucet, mixing container, and opened amino acid powder. These isolates were indistinguishable from the outbreak strain by PFGE. Conclusions. Compounding of nonsterile amino acid components of PN was initiated due to a manufacturer shortage. Failure to follow recommended compounding standards contributed to an outbreak of S. marcescens BSIs. Improved adherence to sterile compounding standards, critical examination of standards for sterile compounding from nonsterile ingredients, and more rigorous oversight of compounding pharmacies is needed to prevent future outbreaks. C1 [Gupta, Neil; Hocevar, Susan N.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Gupta, Neil; Hocevar, Susan N.; Moulton-Meissner, Heather A.; Jensen, Bette; Kuhar, David T.; Noble-Wang, Judith A.; Shehab, Nadine; Kallen, Alexander J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Stevens, Kelly M.; McIntyre, Mary G.] Alabama Dept Publ Hlth, Montgomery, AL 36102 USA. [Schnatz, Rick G.; Becker, Shawn C.] US Pharmacopeia, Healthcare Qual Stand, Rockville, MD USA. [Kastango, Eric S.] Clin IQ LLC, Madison, NJ USA. RP Gupta, N (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS E-92, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM ngupta1@cdc.gov FU CDC; Alabama Department of Public Health FX This work was supported by the CDC and the Alabama Department of Public Health. NR 34 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 3 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 EI 1537-6591 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD JUL 1 PY 2014 VL 59 IS 1 BP 1 EP 8 DI 10.1093/cid/ciu218 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA AM2FL UT WOS:000339665000003 PM 24729502 ER PT J AU Buser, MC Murray, HE Scinicariello, F AF Buser, Melanie C. Murray, H. Edward Scinicariello, Franco TI Age and sex differences in childhood and adulthood obesity association with phthalates: Analyses of NHANES 2007-2010 SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYGIENE AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Phthalates; Obesity; Children; Adolescents; Adults ID TESTICULAR DYSGENESIS SYNDROME; NUTRITION EXAMINATION SURVEY; ACTIVATED-RECEPTOR-GAMMA; URINARY PHTHALATE; DISRUPTING CHEMICALS; WAIST CIRCUMFERENCE; DIBUTYL PHTHALATE; NATIONAL-HEALTH; BODY-MASS; ENDOCRINE AB Background: Exposure to environmental chemicals may play a role in the development of obesity. Evidence suggests phthalate exposure may be associated with obesity in children and adults. Objective: To examine the association of ten urinary phthalate metabolites mono-n-butyl phthalate (MnBP), mono-ethyl phthalate (MEP), mono-isobutyl phthalate (MiBP), mono-2-ethyl-5-carboxypentyl phthalate (MECPP), mono-2-ethyl-5-hydroxyhexyl phthalate (MEHHP), mono-(2-ethyl-5-oxohexyl) phthalate (MEOHP), mono-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (MEHP), mono-benzyl phthalate (MBzP), mono(carboxylnonyl) phthalate (MCNP), and mono-(carboxyoctyl) phthalate (MCOP) grouped by molecular weight of their parent compounds with body weight outcomes in children, adolescent and adult participants in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2007-2010. Methods: We performed multinomial logistic regression to analyze the association between obesity and urinary phthalate metabolite concentrations in children and adolescents and adults. Results: Low molecular weight (LMW) phthalate metabolites (MnBP, MEP and MiBP) are significantly (p<0.05) associated with higher odds for obesity in male children and adolescents. High molecular weight (HMW) phthalate metabolites (MECPP, MEHHP, MEOHP, MEHP, MBzP, MCNP, and MCOP) and di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) metabolites (MEHHP, MEOHP, MEHP and MECPP) are significantly (p<0.05) associated with higher OR for obesity in all adults. Additionally, DEHP metabolites are significantly associated with obesity in all female adults; whereas DEHP and HMW metabolites are significantly associated with OR for obesity in males 60 years and older. Conclusions: We found age and sex differences in the association between urinary phthalate metabolite concentrations and body weight outcomes. Reverse causation cannot be excluded since overweight and obese people will have more fat mass, they may store more phthalates, thus leading to higher excretion concentrations. Published by Elsevier GmbH. C1 [Buser, Melanie C.; Murray, H. Edward; Scinicariello, Franco] Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registry, Div Toxicol & Human Hlth Sci, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Scinicariello, F (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registry, 4770 Buford Hwy,MS F57, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM fes6@cdc.gov FU Research Participation Program at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) FX This research was supported in part by an appointment to the Research Participation Program at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an interagency agreement between the U.S. Department of Energy and CDC (MCB). NR 36 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER GMBH, URBAN & FISCHER VERLAG PI JENA PA OFFICE JENA, P O BOX 100537, 07705 JENA, GERMANY SN 1438-4639 EI 1618-131X J9 INT J HYG ENVIR HEAL JI Int. J. Hyg. Environ. Health. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 217 IS 6 BP 687 EP 694 DI 10.1016/j.ijheh.2014.02.005 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA AM2QB UT WOS:000339694800009 PM 24657244 ER PT J AU El Bcheraoui, C Zhang, XJ Cooper, CS Rose, CE Kilmarx, PH Chen, RT AF El Bcheraoui, Charbel Zhang, Xinjian Cooper, Christopher S. Rose, Charles E. Kilmarx, Peter H. Chen, Robert T. TI Rates of Adverse Events Associated With Male Circumcision in US Medical Settings, 2001 to 2010 SO JAMA PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article ID NEWBORN CIRCUMCISION; RANDOMIZED-TRIAL; HIV PREVENTION; UNITED-STATES; COMPLICATIONS; AMPUTATION; SAFETY; REATTACHMENT; CHILDREN; VACCINE AB IMPORTANCE Approximately 1.4 million male circumcisions (MCs) are performed annually in US medical settings. However, population-based estimates of MC-associated adverse events (AEs) are lacking. OBJECTIVES To estimate the incidence rate of MC-associated AEs and to assess whether AE rates differed by age at circumcision. DESIGN We selected 41 possible MC AEs based on a literature review and on medical billing codes. We estimated a likely risk window for the incidence calculation for each MC AE based on pathogenesis. We used 2001 to 2010 data from SDI Health, a large administrative claims data set, to conduct a retrospective cohort study. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS SDI Health provided administrative claims data from inpatient and outpatient US medical settings. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES For each AE, we calculated the incidence per million MCs. We compared the incidence risk ratio and the incidence rate difference for circumcised vs uncircumcised newborn males and for males circumcised at younger than 1 year, age 1 to 9 years, or 10 years or older. An AE was considered probably related to MC if the incidence risk ratio significantly exceeded 1 at P < .05 or occurred only in circumcised males. RESULTS Records were available for 1 400 920 circumcised males, 93.3% as newborns. Of 41 possible MC AEs, 16 (39.0%) were probable. The incidence of total MC AEs was slightly less than 0.5%. Rates of potentially serious MC AEs ranged from 0.76 (95% CI, 0.10-5.43) per million MCs for stricture of male genital organs to 703.23 (95% CI, 659.22-750.18) per million MCs for repair of incomplete circumcision. Compared with boys circumcised at younger than 1 year, the incidences of probable AEs were approximately 20-fold and 10-fold greater for males circumcised at age 1 to 9 years and at 10 years or older, respectively. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE Male circumcision had a low incidence of AEs overall, especially if the procedure was performed during the first year of life, but rose 10-fold to 20-fold when performed after infancy. C1 [El Bcheraoui, Charbel] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Div Appl Sci, Sci Educ & Profess Dev Program,Off Surveillance E, Atlanta, GA USA. [El Bcheraoui, Charbel; Zhang, Xinjian; Rose, Charles E.; Kilmarx, Peter H.; Chen, Robert T.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA USA. [El Bcheraoui, Charbel] Univ Washington, Inst Hlth Metr & Evaluat, Seattle, WA 98121 USA. [Cooper, Christopher S.] Univ Iowa, Div Pediat Urol, Iowa City, IA USA. RP El Bcheraoui, C (reprint author), Univ Washington, Inst Hlth Metr & Evaluat, 2301 Fifth Ave,Ste 600, Seattle, WA 98121 USA. EM charbel@uw.edu OI Kilmarx, Peter/0000-0001-6464-3345 FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 34 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 3 U2 9 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 330 N WABASH AVE, STE 39300, CHICAGO, IL 60611-5885 USA SN 2168-6203 EI 2168-6211 J9 JAMA PEDIATR JI JAMA Pediatr. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 168 IS 7 BP 625 EP 634 DI 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2013.5414 PG 10 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA AL9VV UT WOS:000339492400011 PM 24820907 ER PT J AU Wang, LY Vernon-Smiley, M Gapinski, MA Desisto, M Maughan, E Sheetz, A AF Wang, Li Yan Vernon-Smiley, Mary Gapinski, Mary Ann Desisto, Marie Maughan, Erin Sheetz, Anne TI Cost-Benefit Study of School Nursing Services SO JAMA PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; CHILDREN; NURSES; ASTHMA AB IMPORTANCE In recent years, across the United States, many school districts have cut on-site delivery of health services by eliminating or reducing services provided by qualified school nurses. Providing cost-benefit information will help policy makers and decision makers better understand the value of school nursing services. OBJECTIVE To conduct a case study of the Massachusetts Essential School Health Services (ESHS) program to demonstrate the cost-benefit of school health services delivered by full-time registered nurses. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Standard cost-benefit analysis methods were used to estimate the costs and benefits of the ESHS program compared with a scenario involving no school nursing service. Data from the ESHS program report and other published studies were used. A total of 477 163 students in 933 Massachusetts ESHS schools in 78 school districts received school health services during the 2009-2010 school year. INTERVENTIONS School health services provided by full-time registered nurses. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Costs of nurse staffing and medical supplies incurred by 78 ESHS districts during the 2009-2010 school year were measured as program costs. Program benefits were measured as savings in medical procedure costs, teachers' productivity loss costs associated with addressing student health issues, and parents' productivity loss costs associated with student early dismissal and medication administration. Net benefits and benefit-cost ratio were calculated. All costs and benefits were in 2009 US dollars. RESULTS During the 2009-2010 school year, at a cost of $79.0 million, the ESHS program prevented an estimated $20.0 million in medical care costs, $28.1 million in parents' productivity loss, and $129.1 million in teachers' productivity loss. As a result, the program generated a net benefit of $98.2 million to society. For every dollar invested in the program, society would gain $2.20. Eighty-nine percent of simulation trials resulted in a net benefit. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE The results of this study demonstrated that school nursing services provided in the Massachusetts ESHS schools were a cost-beneficial investment of public money, warranting careful consideration by policy makers and decision makers when resource allocation decisions are made about school nursing positions. C1 [Wang, Li Yan; Vernon-Smiley, Mary] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adolescent & Sch Hlth, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Gapinski, Mary Ann; Sheetz, Anne] Massachusetts Dept Publ Hlth, Off Sch Hlth Serv, Div Primary Care & Hlth Access, Boston, MA USA. [Desisto, Marie] Waltham Publ Sch, Newton, MA USA. [Maughan, Erin] Natl Assoc Sch Nurses, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP Wang, LY (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adolescent & Sch Hlth, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mail Stop E-75, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM lgw0@cdc.gov NR 22 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 330 N WABASH AVE, STE 39300, CHICAGO, IL 60611-5885 USA SN 2168-6203 EI 2168-6211 J9 JAMA PEDIATR JI JAMA Pediatr. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 168 IS 7 BP 642 EP 648 DI 10.1001/jamapediatrics.2013.5441 PG 7 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA AL9VV UT WOS:000339492400013 PM 24840710 ER PT J AU Landgren, O Graubard, BI Katzmann, JA Kyle, RA Ahmadizadeh, I Clark, R Kumar, SK Dispenzieri, A Greenberg, AJ Therneau, TM Melton, LJ Caporaso, N Korde, N Roschewski, M Costello, R McQuillan, GM Rajkumar, SV AF Landgren, O. Graubard, B. I. Katzmann, J. A. Kyle, R. A. Ahmadizadeh, I. Clark, R. Kumar, S. K. Dispenzieri, A. Greenberg, A. J. Therneau, T. M. Melton, L. J., III Caporaso, N. Korde, N. Roschewski, M. Costello, R. McQuillan, G. M. Rajkumar, S. V. TI Racial disparities in the prevalence of monoclonal gammopathies: a population-based study of 12 482 persons from the National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey SO LEUKEMIA LA English DT Article DE monoclonal gammopathy; prevalence; prognosis; bionnarker; racial disparity ID UNDETERMINED SIGNIFICANCE MGUS; PRECEDES MULTIPLE-MYELOMA; ANTHROPOMETRIC CHARACTERISTICS; RHEUMATOID-ARTHRITIS; SOCIOECONOMIC-STATUS; UNITED-STATES; RISK-FACTOR; CANCER; PATHOGENESIS; WHITE AB Multiple myelonna (MM) incidence is markedly higher in blacks compared with whites, which may be related to a higher prevalence of monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined, significance (MGUS). Our objective was to define the prevalence and risk factors of MGUS in a large cohort representative of the US population. Stored serum samples from the National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey (NHANES) Ill or NHANES 1999-2004 were available for 12 482 individuals of age >= 50 years (2331 'blacks', 2475 Hispanics, 7051 'whites' and 625 'others') on which agarose-gel electrophoresis, serum protein immunofixation, serum-free light-chain assay and M-protein typing were performed. MGUS was identified in 365 participants (2.4%). Adjusted prevalence of MGUS was significantly higher (P<0.001) in blacks (3.7%) compared with whites (2.3%) (P=0.001) or Hispanics (1.8%), as were characteristics that posed a greater risk of progression to MM. The adjusted prevalence of MGUS was 3.1% and 2.1% for the North/Midwest versus South/West regions of the United States, respectively (P=0.052). MGUS is significantly more common in blacks, and more often has features associated with higher risk of progression to MM. A strong geographic disparity in the prevalence of MGUS between the North/Midwest versus the South/West regions of the United States was found, which has etiologic implications. C1 [Landgren, O.; Ahmadizadeh, I.; Korde, N.; Roschewski, M.; Costello, R.] NCI, Multiple Myeloma Sect, Ctr Canc Res, Metab Branch, Rockville, MD USA. [Graubard, B. I.; Caporaso, N.] NCI, Divs Canc Epidemiol & Genet, Biostat Branch, Rockville, MD USA. [Katzmann, J. A.; Clark, R.] Mayo Clin, Dept Lab Med & Pathol, Coll Med, Rochester, MN USA. [Kyle, R. A.; Kumar, S. K.; Dispenzieri, A.; Therneau, T. M.; Rajkumar, S. V.] Mayo Clin, Div Hematol, Dept Med, Coll Med, Rochester, MN USA. [Greenberg, A. J.; Melton, L. J., III] Mayo Clin, Div Epidemiol, Dept Hlth Sci Res, Coll Med, Rochester, MN USA. [McQuillan, G. M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Div Hlth & Nutr Examinat Surveys, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. RP Landgren, O (reprint author), NCI, Metab Branch, Multiple Myeloma Sect, NIH, 9000 Rockville Pike,Bldg 10,Room 13N240, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM landgreo@mail.nih.gov RI Kumar, Shaji/A-9853-2008; OI Kumar, Shaji/0000-0001-5392-9284; Dispenzieri, Angela/0000-0001-8780-9512 FU National Cancer Institute [CA 168762, CA 107476, CA 62242, CA 100707, CA 83724]; Intramural Program of the National Cancer Institute; Foundation (Birmingham, United Kingdom); Henry J. Predolin Foundation, USA FX This work was supported in part by National Cancer Institute grants CA 168762, CA 107476, CA 62242, CA 100707, CA 83724; the Intramural Program of the National Cancer Institute; the Jabbs Foundation (Birmingham, United Kingdom); and the Henry J. Predolin Foundation, USA. NR 35 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 1 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0887-6924 EI 1476-5551 J9 LEUKEMIA JI Leukemia PD JUL PY 2014 VL 28 IS 7 BP 1537 EP 1542 DI 10.1038/1eu.2014.34 PG 6 WC Oncology; Hematology SC Oncology; Hematology GA AM2UE UT WOS:000339705500020 PM 24441287 ER PT J AU Broussard, CS Rasmussen, SA Frey, MT Honein, MA AF Broussard, Cheryl S. Rasmussen, Sonja A. Frey, Meghan T. Honein, Margaret A. TI Frequency of Filling Prescription Medications over the Internet: United States, 2007 to 2009 SO BIRTH DEFECTS RESEARCH PART A-CLINICAL AND MOLECULAR TERATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Broussard, Cheryl S.; Rasmussen, Sonja A.; Frey, Meghan T.; Honein, Margaret A.] CDC, Div Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1542-0752 EI 1542-0760 J9 BIRTH DEFECTS RES A JI Birth Defects Res. Part A-Clin. Mol. Teratol. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 100 IS 7 MA 37 BP 537 EP 537 PG 1 WC Developmental Biology; Toxicology SC Developmental Biology; Toxicology GA AL9RB UT WOS:000339477300038 ER PT J AU Frey, MT Broussard, CS Kucik, JE Gilboa, SM Honein, MA AF Frey, Meghan T. Broussard, Cheryl S. Kucik, James E. Gilboa, Suzanne M. Honein, Margaret A. TI Treating for Two: A National Strategy for Safer Medication Use in Pregnancy SO BIRTH DEFECTS RESEARCH PART A-CLINICAL AND MOLECULAR TERATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Frey, Meghan T.; Broussard, Cheryl S.; Kucik, James E.; Gilboa, Suzanne M.; Honein, Margaret A.] CDC, Div Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1542-0752 EI 1542-0760 J9 BIRTH DEFECTS RES A JI Birth Defects Res. Part A-Clin. Mol. Teratol. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 100 IS 7 MA 82 BP 558 EP 559 PG 2 WC Developmental Biology; Toxicology SC Developmental Biology; Toxicology GA AL9RB UT WOS:000339477300083 ER PT J AU Beaudoin, AL Torso, L Richards, K Said, M Van Beneden, C Longenberger, A Ostroff, S Wendt, J Dooling, K Wise, M Blythe, D Wilson, L Moll, M Perz, JF AF Beaudoin, Amanda L. Torso, Lauren Richards, Katherine Said, Maria Van Beneden, Chris Longenberger, Allison Ostroff, Stephen Wendt, Joyanna Dooling, Kathleen Wise, Matthew Blythe, David Wilson, Lucy Moll, Maria Perz, Joseph F. TI Invasive Group A Streptococcus Infections Associated With Liposuction Surgery at Outpatient Facilities Not Subject to State or Federal Regulation SO JAMA INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID NECROTIZING FASCIITIS; WOUND INFECTIONS; TUMESCENT LIPOSUCTION; UNITED-STATES; OUTBREAK; COMPLICATIONS; CARRIAGE; CENTERS AB IMPORTANCE Liposuction is one of the most common cosmetic surgery procedures in the United States. Tumescent liposuction, in which crystalloid fluids, lidocaine, and epinephrine are infused subcutaneously before cannula-assisted aspiration of fat, can be performed without intravenous or general anesthesia, often at outpatient facilities. However, some of these facilities are not subject to state or federal regulation and may not adhere to appropriate infection control practices. OBJECTIVE To describe an outbreak of severe group A Streptococcus (GAS) infections among persons undergoing tumescent liposuction at 2 outpatient cosmetic surgery facilities not subject to state or federal regulation. DESIGN Outbreak investigation (including cohort analysis of at-risk patients), interviews using a standardized questionnaire, medical record review, facility assessment, and laboratory analysis of GAS isolates. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS Patients undergoing liposuction at 2 outpatient facilities, one in Maryland and the other in Pennsylvania, between July 1 and September 14, 2012. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES Confirmed invasive GAS infections (isolation of GAS from a normally sterile site or wound of a patient with necrotizing fasciitis or streptococcal toxic shock syndrome), suspected GAS infections (inflamed surgical site and either purulent discharge or fever and chills in a patient with no alternative diagnosis), postsurgical symptoms and patient-reported experiences related to his or her procedure, and emm types, T-antigen types, and antimicrobial susceptibility of GAS isolates. RESULTS We identified 4 confirmed cases and 9 suspected cases, including 1 death (overall attack rate, 20% [13 of 66]). One instance of likely secondary GAS transmission to a household member occurred. All confirmed case patients had necrotizing fasciitis and had undergone surgical debridement. Procedures linked to illness were performed by a single surgical team that traveled between the 2 locations; 2 team members (1 of whom reported recent cellulitis) were colonized with a GAS strain that was indistinguishable by laboratory analysis of the isolates from the case patients. Facility assessments and patient reports indicated substandard infection control, including errors in equipment sterilization and infection prevention training. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE This outbreak of severe GAS infections was likely caused by transmission from colonized health care workers to patients during liposuction procedures. Additional oversight of outpatient cosmetic surgery facilities is needed to assure that they maintain appropriate infection control practices and other patient protections. C1 [Beaudoin, Amanda L.; Said, Maria] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. [Beaudoin, Amanda L.; Longenberger, Allison; Ostroff, Stephen; Moll, Maria] Penn Dept Hlth, Harrisburg, PA 17120 USA. [Torso, Lauren] Allegheny Cty Hlth Dept, Pittsburgh, PA USA. [Richards, Katherine; Said, Maria; Blythe, David; Wilson, Lucy] Maryland Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, Baltimore, MD USA. [Van Beneden, Chris; Dooling, Kathleen] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Resp Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Wendt, Joyanna; Wise, Matthew; Perz, Joseph F.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual & Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Beaudoin, AL (reprint author), Penn Dept Hlth, 625 Forster St, Harrisburg, PA 17120 USA. EM beau0209@umn.edu NR 42 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 330 N WABASH AVE, STE 39300, CHICAGO, IL 60611-5885 USA SN 2168-6106 EI 2168-6114 J9 JAMA INTERN MED JI JAMA Intern. Med. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 174 IS 7 BP 1136 EP 1142 DI 10.1001/jamainternmed.2014.1875 PG 7 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA AL9VS UT WOS:000339491700027 PM 24861675 ER PT J AU Kilpatrick, SJ Berg, C Bernstein, P Bingham, D Delgado, A Callaghan, WM Harris, K Lanni, S Mahoney, J Main, E Nacht, A Schellpfeffer, M Westover, T Harper, M AF Kilpatrick, Sarah J. Berg, Cynthia Bernstein, Peter Bingham, Debra Delgado, Ana Callaghan, William M. Harris, Karen Lanni, Susan Mahoney, Jeanne Main, Elliot Nacht, Amy Schellpfeffer, Michael Westover, Thomas Harper, Margaret TI Standardized Severe Maternal Morbidity Review: Rationale and Process SO JOGNN-JOURNAL OF OBSTETRIC GYNECOLOGIC AND NEONATAL NURSING LA English DT Article DE maternal morbidity; maternal mortality; standardized review; interdisciplinary review ID SCORING SYSTEM; UNITED-STATES; IDENTIFICATION; PREGNANCY; DELIVERY; HEALTH; WOMEN AB Severe maternal morbidity and mortality have been rising in the United States. To begin a national effort to reduce morbidity, a specific call to identify all pregnant and postpartum women experiencing admission to an intensive care unit or receipt of four or more units of blood for routine review has been made. While advocating for review of these cases, no specific guidance for the review process was provided. Therefore, the aim of this expert opinion is to present guidelines for a standardized severe maternal morbidity interdisciplinary review process to identify systems, professional, and facility factors that can be ameliorated, with the overall goal of improving institutional obstetric safety and reducing severe morbidity and mortality among pregnant and recently pregnant women. This opinion was developed by a multidisciplinary working group that included general obstetrician-gynecologists, maternal-fetal medicine subspecialists, certified nurse-midwives, and registered nurses all with experience in maternal mortality reviews. A process for standardized review of severe maternal morbidity addressing committee organization, review process, medical record abstraction and assessment, review culture, data management, review timing, and review confidentiality is presented. Reference is made to a sample severe maternal morbidity abstraction and assessment form. C1 [Kilpatrick, Sarah J.] Cedars Sinai Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Los Angeles, CA 90048 USA. [Berg, Cynthia] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Bernstein, Peter] Montefiore Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Bronx, NY 10467 USA. [Bingham, Debra] AWHONN, Washington, DC USA. [Delgado, Ana] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Obstet Gynecol & Reprod Sci, San Francisco, CA USA. [Callaghan, William M.] Cedars Sinai Med Ctr, Div Reprod Hlth, Los Angeles, CA 90048 USA. [Harris, Karen] Univ Florida, Coll Med, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA. [Lanni, Susan] Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Richmond, VA USA. [Mahoney, Jeanne] Amer Coll Obstetricians & Gynecologists, Washington, DC 20024 USA. [Main, Elliot] Calif Pacific Hosp, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, San Francisco, CA USA. [Nacht, Amy] Univ Colorado, Coll Nursing, Aurora, CO USA. [Schellpfeffer, Michael] Med Coll Wisconsin, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Milwaukee, WI 53226 USA. [Westover, Thomas] Rowan Univ, Cooper Med Sch, Cooper Univ Hosp, Camden, NJ USA. [Harper, Margaret] Wake Forrest Univ, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Winston Salem, NC USA. RP Kilpatrick, SJ (reprint author), Cedars Sinai Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, 8635 West Third St,Suite 160W, Los Angeles, CA 90048 USA. EM Kilpatricks@cshs.org NR 15 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 3 U2 4 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0884-2175 EI 1552-6909 J9 JOGNN-J OBST GYN NEO JI JOGNN PD JUL-AUG PY 2014 VL 43 IS 4 BP 403 EP 408 DI 10.1111/1552-6909.12478 PG 6 WC Nursing; Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Nursing; Obstetrics & Gynecology GA AL9AH UT WOS:000339431200004 PM 25040068 ER PT J AU Scott, L Albert, H Gilpin, C Alexander, H DeGruy, K Stevens, W AF Scott, Lesley Albert, Heidi Gilpin, Chris Alexander, Heather DeGruy, Kyle Stevens, Wendy TI Multicenter Feasibility Study To Assess External Quality Assessment Panels for Xpert MTB/RIF Assay in South Africa SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID RIFAMPIN RESISTANCE; TUBERCULOSIS; CARE AB External quality assessment (EQA) for the Xpert MTB/RIF assay is part of the quality system required for clinical and laboratory practice. Five newly developed EQA panels that use different matrices, including a lyophilized sample (Vircell, Granada, Spain), a dried tube specimen (CDC), liquid (Maine Molecular Quality Control, Inc. [MMQCI], Scarborough, ME), artificial sputum (Global Laboratory Initiative [GLI]), and a dried culture spot (National Health Laboratory Services [NHLS]), were evaluated at 11 GeneXpert testing sites in South Africa. The panels comprised Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC)-negative, MTBC-positive (including rifampin [RIF] susceptible and RIF resistant), and nontuberculosis mycobacterial material that was inactivated and safe for transportation. Twelve qualitative and quantitative variables were scored as acceptable (1) or unacceptable (0); the overall panel performance score for the Vircell, CDC, GLI, and NHLS panels was 9 of 12, while the MMQCI panel scored 6 of 12 (owing to the need for cold chain maintenance). All panels showed good compatibility with Xpert MTB/RIF testing, and none showed PCR inhibition. The use of a liquid or dry matrix did not appear to be a distinguishing criterion, as both matrices had reduced scores on insufficient volumes, a need for extra consumables, and the ability to transfer to the Xpert MTB/RIF cartridge. EQA is an important component of the quality system required for diagnostic testing programs, but it must be complemented by routine monitoring of performance indicators and instrument verification. This study aims to introduce EQA concepts for Xpert MTB/RIF testing and evaluates five potential EQA panels. C1 [Scott, Lesley; Stevens, Wendy] Univ Witwatersrand, Fac Hlth Sci, Sch Pathol, Dept Mol Med & Haematol, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Stevens, Wendy] Natl Hlth Lab Serv, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Albert, Heidi] FIND, Geneva, Switzerland. [Gilpin, Chris] WHO, Global TB Programme, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. [Alexander, Heather; DeGruy, Kyle] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global HIV AIDS, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Scott, L (reprint author), Univ Witwatersrand, Fac Hlth Sci, Sch Pathol, Dept Mol Med & Haematol, Johannesburg, South Africa. EM lesley.scott@nhls.ac.za FU President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) through the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [U2GPS0001328-05]; Grand Challenges Canada [0007-02-01-01-01] FX This project was funded in part by the President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) through the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, under the terms of grant U2GPS0001328-05. The Grand Challenges Canada (grant 0007-02-01-01-01 [to Wendy Stevens]) also provided support. NR 18 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 EI 1098-660X J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 52 IS 7 BP 2493 EP 2499 DI 10.1128/JCM.03533-13 PG 7 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA AL6YM UT WOS:000339279700031 PM 24789182 ER PT J AU Sanchez-Camargo, CL Albajar-Vinas, P Wilkins, PP Nieto, J Leiby, DA Paris, L Scollo, K Florez, C Guzman-Bracho, C Luquetti, AO Calvo, N Tadokoro, K Saez-Alquezar, A Palma, PP Martin, M Flevaud, L AF Sanchez-Camargo, Claudia L. Albajar-Vinas, Pedro Wilkins, Patricia P. Nieto, Javier Leiby, David A. Paris, Luc Scollo, Karenina Florez, Carolina Guzman-Bracho, Carmen Luquetti, Alejandro O. Calvo, Nidia Tadokoro, Kenji Saez-Alquezar, Amadeo Pablo Palma, Pedro Martin, Miguel Flevaud, Laurence TI Comparative Evaluation of 11 Commercialized Rapid Diagnostic Tests for Detecting Trypanosoma cruzi Antibodies in Serum Banks in Areas of Endemicity and Nonendemicity SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID LINKED-IMMUNOSORBENT-ASSAY; CHAGAS-DISEASE; IMMUNOCHROMATOGRAPHIC ASSAY; RECOMBINANT ANTIGEN; BARCELONA SPAIN; UNITED-STATES; WHOLE-BLOOD; INFECTION; SENSITIVITY; SPECIFICITY AB Chagas disease is one of the main public health issues in Latin America. Increasingly during the past few decades, Trypanosoma cruzi infection has been detected in North America, Europe, and the Western Pacific, mainly as a result of population movement. The limited availability of rapid serological diagnostic tests hinders rapid diagnosis and early treatment in areas of endemicity and nonendemicity. In collaboration with 11 national reference laboratories (NRLs) from different geographical areas, we evaluated the performances of commercialized serological rapid diagnostic tests (RDT) for T. cruzi infection. Eleven commercialized T. cruzi infection RDTs were evaluated on a total of 474 samples extensively tested with at least three different techniques for Chagas disease, maintained at controlled low temperatures, and stored in the serum banks of the 11 NRLs. We measured the sensitivity, specificity, and concordance of each RDT and provided an additional questionnaire to evaluate its ease of use. The selected RDTs in this study were performed under controlled laboratory conditions. Out of the 11 RDTs, we found 8 of them to be useful, with the cassette format favored over the strip. We did not observe significant differences in RDT performances in the different regions. Overall, the performance results were lower than those disclosed by the manufacturers. The results of this evaluation validate the possibility of using RDTs to diagnose Chagas disease, thereby decreasing the time to treatment at a primary health care facility for patients who are willing to be treated. Further studies should be conducted in the laboratory and in the field to confirm these data, expressly to evaluate reproducibility in resource-limited settings, or using whole blood in clinical settings in areas of endemicity and nonendemicity. C1 [Sanchez-Camargo, Claudia L.; Pablo Palma, Pedro; Flevaud, Laurence] Med Sans Frontieres Operat Ctr Barcelona Athens O, Barcelona, Spain. [Sanchez-Camargo, Claudia L.; Martin, Miguel] Univ Autonoma Barcelona, GRAAL, E-08193 Barcelona, Spain. [Albajar-Vinas, Pedro] WHO Program Control Chagas Dis, Dept Control Neglected Trop Dis, Geneva, Switzerland. [Wilkins, Patricia P.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Atlanta, GA USA. [Nieto, Javier] ISCIII, Madrid, Spain. [Leiby, David A.] Amer Red Cross, Holland Lab, Rockville, MD USA. [Paris, Luc] Hop La Pitie Salpetriere, AP HP, Paris, France. [Scollo, Karenina] Inst Nacl Parasitol Dr Mario Fatala Chaben, Dept Diagnost, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Florez, Carolina] INS, Bogota, Colombia. [Guzman-Bracho, Carmen] Inst Diagnost & Referencia Epidemiol InDRE, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. [Luquetti, Alejandro O.] Univ Fed Goias, Hosp Clin, Goiania, Go, Brazil. [Calvo, Nidia] INCIENSA, CNRP, Tres Rios, Costa Rica. [Tadokoro, Kenji] Japanese Red Cross Soc, Blood Serv Headquarters, Cent Blood Inst, Tokyo, Japan. [Saez-Alquezar, Amadeo] PNCQ, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. [Sanchez-Camargo, Claudia L.] UAN, Bogota, Colombia. RP Sanchez-Camargo, CL (reprint author), Med Sans Frontieres Operat Ctr Barcelona Athens O, Barcelona, Spain. EM rdtchagasmsf@gmail.com; laurence.flevaud@barcelona.msf.org OI Saez-Alquezar, Amadeo/0000-0001-5230-4741 FU Universidad Antonio Narino (Colombia) FX Claudia L. Sanchez-Camargo is supported by a grant from Universidad Antonio Narino (Colombia). NR 43 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 EI 1098-660X J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 52 IS 7 BP 2506 EP 2512 DI 10.1128/JCM.00144-14 PG 7 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA AL6YM UT WOS:000339279700033 PM 24808239 ER PT J AU Yi, SJ Xie, J Liu, N Li, P Xu, XB Li, H Sun, JC Wang, J Liang, BB Yang, CJ Wang, X Hao, RZ Wang, LG Wu, ZH Zhang, JM Wang, Y Huang, LY Sun, YS Klena, JD Meng, JH Qiu, SF Song, HB AF Yi, Shengjie Xie, Jing Liu, Nan Li, Peng Xu, Xuebin Li, Hao Sun, Jichao Wang, Jian Liang, Beibei Yang, Chaojie Wang, Xu Hao, Rongzhang Wang, Ligui Wu, Zhihao Zhang, Jianmin Wang, Yong Huang, Liuyu Sun, Yansong Klena, John D. Meng, Jianghong Qiu, Shaofu Song, Hongbin TI Emergence and Prevalence of Non-H2S-Producing Salmonella enterica Serovar Senftenberg Isolates Belonging to Novel Sequence Type 1751 in China SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SHORT PALINDROMIC REPEATS; HYDROGEN-SULFIDE; OUTBREAK; TYPHIMURIUM; METABOLISM; VIRULENCE; DISEASE AB Salmonella enterica serovar Senftenberg is a common nontyphoidal Salmonella serotype which causes human Salmonella infections worldwide. In this study, 182 S. Senftenberg isolates, including 17 atypical non-hydrogen sulfide (H2S)-producing isolates, were detected in China from 2005 to 2011. The microbiological and genetic characteristics of the non-H2S-producing and selected H2S-producing isolates were determined by using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), multilocus sequence typing (MLST), and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR) analysis. The phs operons were amplified and sequenced. The 17 non-H2S-producing and 36 H2S-producing isolates belonged to 7 sequence types (STs), including 3 new STs, ST1751, ST1757, and ST1758. Fourteen of the 17 non-H2S- producing isolates belonged to ST1751 and had very similar PFGE patterns. All 17 non-H2S-producing isolates had a nonsense mutation at position 1621 of phsA. H2S-producing and non-H2S-producing S. Senftenberg isolates were isolated from the same stool sample from three patients; isolates from the same patients displayed the same antimicrobial susceptibility, ST, and PFGE pattern but could be discriminated based on CRISPR spacers. Non-H2S-producing S. Senftenberg isolates belonging to ST1751 have been prevalent in Shanghai, China. It is possible that these emerging organisms will disseminate further, because they are difficult to detect. Thus, we should strengthen the surveillance for the spread of this atypical S. Senftenberg variant. C1 [Yi, Shengjie; Xie, Jing; Liu, Nan; Li, Peng; Li, Hao; Sun, Jichao; Wang, Jian; Liang, Beibei; Yang, Chaojie; Wang, Xu; Hao, Rongzhang; Wang, Ligui; Wu, Zhihao; Wang, Yong; Huang, Liuyu; Sun, Yansong; Qiu, Shaofu; Song, Hongbin] Acad Mil Med Sci, Inst Dis Control & Prevent, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Yi, Shengjie] Cent S Univ, Xiangya Basic Med Coll, Changsha, Hunan, Peoples R China. [Xu, Xuebin] Shanghai Municipal Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Shanghai, Peoples R China. [Zhang, Jianmin; Meng, Jianghong] Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, Dept Food Sci Technol, Sch Agr & Biol, Shanghai 200030, Peoples R China. [Klena, John D.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Int Emerging Infect Program, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Klena, John D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global Dis Detect Branch, Div Global Hlth Protect, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Meng, Jianghong] Univ Maryland, Dept Food Sci & Nutr, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Song, HB (reprint author), Acad Mil Med Sci, Inst Dis Control & Prevent, Beijing, Peoples R China. EM qiushf0613@hotmail.com; hongbinsong@263.net FU Mega-projects of Science and Technology Research of China [2012ZX10004215, 2013ZX10004607, 2013ZX10004218, 2013ZX10004605]; National Nature Science Foundation of China [81202252, 81373053, 81371854, 31200942]; Beijing Science and Technology Nova program [xx2013061] FX This work was funded by the Mega-projects of Science and Technology Research of China (grants no. 2012ZX10004215, 2013ZX10004607, 2013ZX10004218, and 2013ZX10004605), the National Nature Science Foundation of China (grants no. 81202252, 81373053, 81371854, and 31200942), and the Beijing Science and Technology Nova program (grant no. xx2013061). NR 34 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 10 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 EI 1098-660X J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 52 IS 7 BP 2557 EP 2565 DI 10.1128/JCM.00377-14 PG 9 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA AL6YM UT WOS:000339279700040 PM 24829240 ER PT J AU Curtis, KA Niedzwiedz, PL Youngpairoj, AS Rudolph, DL Owen, SM AF Curtis, Kelly A. Niedzwiedz, Philip L. Youngpairoj, Ae S. Rudolph, Donna L. Owen, S. Michele TI Real-Time Detection of HIV-2 by Reverse Transcription-Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS TYPE-2; INFECTION; UPDATE AB Currently, there are no FDA-approved nucleic acid amplification tests (NAATs) for the detection or confirmation of HIV-2 infection. Here, we describe the development of a real-time assay for the detection of HIV-2 DNA and RNA using reverse transcription-loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) and the ESEQuant tube scanner, a portable isothermal amplification/detection device. C1 [Curtis, Kelly A.; Niedzwiedz, Philip L.; Youngpairoj, Ae S.; Rudolph, Donna L.; Owen, S. Michele] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Branch Lab, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Curtis, KA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Branch Lab, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM czv2@cdc.gov NR 12 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 EI 1098-660X J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 52 IS 7 BP 2674 EP 2676 DI 10.1128/JCM.00935-14 PG 3 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA AL6YM UT WOS:000339279700063 PM 24789187 ER PT J AU Dobbs, TE Guh, AY Oakes, P Vince, MJ Forbi, JC Jensen, B Moulton-Meissner, H Byers, P AF Dobbs, Thomas E. Guh, Alice Y. Oakes, Peggy Vince, Mary Jan Forbi, Joseph C. Jensen, Bette Moulton-Meissner, Heather Byers, Paul TI Outbreak of Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae bloodstream infections at an outpatient chemotherapy center SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INFECTION CONTROL LA English DT Article DE Outpatient oncology care; Injection safety; Klebsiella pneumonia; Pseudomonas aeruginosa ID HEMATOLOGY AB Background: Four patients were hospitalized July 2011 with Pseudomonas aeruginosa bloodstream infection (BSI), 2 of whom also had Klebsiella pneumoniae BSI. All 4 patients had an indwelling port and received infusion services at the same outpatient oncology center. Methods: Cases were defined by blood or port cultures positive for K pneumoniae or P aeruginosa among patients receiving infusion services at the oncology clinic during July 5-20, 2011. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) was performed on available isolates. Interviews with staff and onsite investigations identified lapses of infection control practices. Owing to concerns over long-standing deficits, living patients who had been seen at the clinic between January 2008 and July 2011 were notified for viral blood-borne pathogen (BBP) testing; genetic relatedness was determined by molecular testing. Results: Fourteen cases (17%) were identified among 84 active clinic patients, 12 of which involved symptoms of a BSI. One other patient had a respiratory culture positive for P aeruginosa but died before blood cultures were obtained. Available isolates were indistinguishable by PFGE. Multiple injection safety lapses were identified, including overt syringe reuse among patients and reuse of syringes to access shared medications. Available BBP results did not demonstrate iatrogenic viral infection in 331 of 623 notified patients (53%). Conclusions: Improper preparation and handling of injectable medications likely caused the outbreak. Increased infection control oversight of oncology clinics is critical to prevent similar outbreaks. Copyright (C) 2014 by the Association for Professionals in Infection Control and Epidemiology, Inc. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Dobbs, Thomas E.; Oakes, Peggy; Vince, Mary Jan; Byers, Paul] Mississippi Dept Hlth, Jackson, MS 39216 USA. [Guh, Alice Y.; Jensen, Bette; Moulton-Meissner, Heather] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Forbi, Joseph C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Dobbs, TE (reprint author), Mississippi Dept Hlth, 570 East Woodrow Wilson, Jackson, MS 39216 USA. EM thomas.dobbs@msdh.state.ms.us NR 12 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0196-6553 EI 1527-3296 J9 AM J INFECT CONTROL JI Am. J. Infect. Control PD JUL PY 2014 VL 42 IS 7 BP 731 EP 734 DI 10.1016/j.ajic.2014.03.007 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA AL7PR UT WOS:000339327400009 PM 24969124 ER PT J AU Lu, PJ O'Halloran, A Bryan, L Kennedy, ED Ding, H Graitcer, SB Santibanez, TA Meghani, A Singleton, JA AF Lu, Peng-Jun O'Halloran, Alissa Bryan, Leah Kennedy, Erin D. Ding, Helen Graitcer, Samuel B. Santibanez, Tammy A. Meghani, Ankita Singleton, James A. TI Trends in racial/ethnic disparities in influenza vaccination coverage among adults during the 2007-08 through 2011-12 seasons SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INFECTION CONTROL LA English DT Article DE Immunization; National Health Interview Survey; Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System ID HIGH-RISK ADULTS; UNITED-STATES; PNEUMOCOCCAL VACCINATION; HOSPITALIZATIONS; PREVENTION; PROGRAM; HEALTH; IMPACT; BIAS; CARE AB Background: Annual influenza vaccination is recommended for all persons aged >= 6 months. The objective of this study was to assess trends in racial/ethnic disparities in influenza vaccination coverage among adults in the United States. Methods: We analyzed data from the 2007-2012 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) and Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) using Kaplan-Meier survival analysis to assess influenza vaccination coverage by age, presence of medical conditions, and racial/ethnic groups during the 2007-08 through 2011-12 seasons. Results: During the 2011-12 season, influenza vaccination coverage was significantly lower among non-Hispanic blacks and Hispanics compared with non-Hispanic whites among most of the adult subgroups, with smaller disparities observed for adults age 18-49 years compared with other age groups. Vaccination coverage for non-Hispanic white, non-Hispanic black, and Hispanic adults increased significantly from the 2007-08 through the 2011-12 season for most of the adult subgroups based on the NHIS (test for trend, P < .05). Coverage gaps between racial/ethnic minorities and non-Hispanic whites persisted at similar levels from the 2007-08 through the 2011-12 seasons, with similar results from the NHIS and BRFSS. Conclusions: Influenza vaccination coverage among most racial/ethnic groups increased from the 2007-08 through the 2011-12 seasons, but substantial racial and ethnic disparities remained in most age groups. Targeted efforts are needed to improve coverage and reduce these disparities. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of the Association for Professionals in Infection Control and Epidemiology, Inc. C1 [Lu, Peng-Jun; O'Halloran, Alissa; Bryan, Leah; Kennedy, Erin D.; Ding, Helen; Graitcer, Samuel B.; Santibanez, Tammy A.; Singleton, James A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunizat Serv Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Meghani, Ankita] US Dept HHS, Natl Vaccine Program Off, Washington, DC 20201 USA. RP Lu, PJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunizat Serv Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mail Stop A-19, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM plu@cdc.gov NR 45 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 2 U2 5 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0196-6553 EI 1527-3296 J9 AM J INFECT CONTROL JI Am. J. Infect. Control PD JUL PY 2014 VL 42 IS 7 BP 763 EP 769 DI 10.1016/j.ajic.2014.03.021 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA AL7PR UT WOS:000339327400016 PM 24799120 ER PT J AU Sosa, NR Rodriguez, GM Schier, JG Sejvar, JJ AF Sosa, Nestor R. Rodriguez, Giselle M. Schier, Joshua G. Sejvar, James J. TI Clinical, Laboratory, Diagnostic, and Histopathologic Features of Diethylene Glycol Poisoning-Panama, 2006 SO ANNALS OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID RENAL-FAILURE; NEPHROTOXIC METABOLITE; DIGLYCOLIC ACID; LIVER-DISEASE; CHILDREN; EPIDEMIC; ENCEPHALOPATHY; INGESTION; SEQUELAE; PALSY AB Study objective: Diethylene glycol is a toxic industrial solvent responsible for more than 13 mass poisonings since 1937. Little is known about the clinical spectrum, progression, and neurotoxic potential of diethylene glycol-associated disease because of its high mortality and the absence of detailed information in published mass poisoning reports. This incident includes the largest proportion of cases with neurotoxic signs and symptoms. We characterize the features of a diethylene glycol mass poisoning resulting from a contaminated cough syrup distributed in Panama during 2006. Methods: This was a retrospective chart review and descriptive analysis in a tertiary level, urban health care facility. A case was a person admitted to the Social Security Metropolitan Hospital in Panama City between June 1 and October 22, 2006, with unexplained acute kidney injury and a serum creatinine level of greater than or equal to 2 mg/dL, or unexplained chronic renal failure exacerbation (>2-fold increase in baseline serum creatinine level) and history of implicated cough syrup exposure. Main outcomes and measures were demographic, clinical, laboratory, diagnostic, histopathologic, and mortality data with descriptive statistics. Results: Forty-six patients met inclusion criteria. Twenty-four (52%) were female patients; median age was 67 years (range 25 to 91 years). Patients were admitted with acute kidney injury or a chronic renal failure exacerbation (median serum creatinine level 10.0 mg/dL) a median of 5 days after symptom onset. Forty patients (87%; 95% confidence interval [CI] 74% to 95%) had neurologic signs, including limb (n=31; 77%; 95% CI 62% to 89%) or facial motor weakness (n=27; 68%; 95% CI 51% to 81%). Electrodiagnostics in 21 patients with objective weakness demonstrated a severe sensorimotor peripheral neuropathy (n=19; 90%; 95% CI 70% to 99%). In 14 patients without initial neurologic findings, elevated cerebrospinal fluid protein concentrations without pleocytosis were observed: almost all developed overt neurologic illness (n=13; 93%; 95% CI 66% to 100%). Despite use of intensive care and hemodialysis therapies, 27 (59%) died a median of 19 days (range 2 to 50 days) after presentation. Conclusion: A high proportion of patients with diethylene glycol poisoning developed progressive neurologic signs and symptoms in addition to acute kidney injury. Facial or limb weakness with unexplained acute kidney injury should prompt clinicians to consider diethylene glycol poisoning. Elevated cerebrospinal fluid protein concentrations without pleocytosis among diethylene glycol-exposed persons with acute kidney injury may be a predictor for progressive neurologic illness. C1 [Sosa, Nestor R.] Gorgas Mem Inst, Panama City, Panama. [Rodriguez, Giselle M.] Social Secur Metropolitan Hosp, Panama City, Panama. [Schier, Joshua G.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Sejvar, James J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Schier, JG (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM jschier@cdc.gov NR 38 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0196-0644 J9 ANN EMERG MED JI Ann. Emerg. Med. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 64 IS 1 BP 38 EP 47 DI 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2013.12.011 PG 10 WC Emergency Medicine SC Emergency Medicine GA AL2RM UT WOS:000338972800009 PM 24439712 ER PT J AU Vlaanderen, J Straif, K Ruder, A Blair, A Hansen, J Lynge, E Charbotel, B Loomis, D Kauppinen, T Kyyronen, P Pukkala, E Weiderpass, E Guha, N AF Vlaanderen, Jelle Straif, Kurt Ruder, Avima Blair, Aaron Hansen, Johnni Lynge, Elsebeth Charbotel, Barbara Loomis, Dana Kauppinen, Timo Kyyronen, Pentti Pukkala, Eero Weiderpass, Elisabete Guha, Neela TI Tetrachloroethylene Exposure and Bladder Cancer Risk: A Meta-Analysis of Dry-Cleaning-Worker Studies SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Review ID UNITED-STATES; FOLLOW-UP; OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURES; CHLORINATED SOLVENTS; NORDIC COUNTRIES; MORTALITY; TRICHLOROETHYLENE; CARCINOGENS; CLEANERS; MEN AB Background: In 2012, the International Agency for Research on Cancer classified tetrachloroethylene, used in the production of chemicals and the primary solvent used in dry cleaning, as "probably carcinogenic to humans" based on limited evidence of an increased risk of bladder cancer in dry cleaners. Objectives: We assessed the epidemiological evidence for the association between tetrachloroethylene exposure and bladder cancer from published studies estimating occupational exposure to tetrachloroethylene or in workers in the dry-cleaning industry. Methods: Random-effects meta-analyses were carried out separately for occupational exposure to tetrachloroethylene and employment as a dry cleaner. We qualitatively summarized exposure-response data because of the limited number of studies available. Results: The meta-relative risk (mRR) among tetrachloroethylene-exposed workers was 1.08 (95% CI: 0.82, 1.42; three studies; 463 exposed cases). For employment as a dry cleaner, the overall mRR was 1.47 (95% CI: 1.16, 1.85; seven studies; 139 exposed cases), and for smoking-adjusted studies, the mRR was 1.50 (95% CI: 0.80, 2.84; 4 case-control studies). Conclusions: Our meta-analysis demonstrates an increased risk of bladder cancer in dry cleaners, reported in both cohort and case-control studies, and some evidence for an exposure-response relationship. Although dry cleaners incur mixed exposures, tetrachloroethylene could be responsible for the excess risk of bladder cancer because it is the primary solvent used and it is the only chemical commonly used by dry cleaners that is currently identified as a potential bladder carcinogen. Relatively crude approaches in exposure assessment in the studies of "tetrachloroethylene-exposed workers" may have attenuated the relative risks. C1 [Vlaanderen, Jelle] Int Agcy Res Canc, Sect Environm & Radiat, F-69372 Lyon 08, France. [Straif, Kurt; Loomis, Dana; Guha, Neela] Int Agcy Res Canc, Sect IARC Monog, F-69372 Lyon 08, France. [Ruder, Avima] NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Blair, Aaron] NCI, Occupat & Environm Epidemiol Branch, Div Canc Epidemiol & Genet, NIH,Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Bethesda, MD USA. [Hansen, Johnni] Danish Canc Soc, Inst Canc Epidemiol, Copenhagen, Denmark. [Lynge, Elsebeth] Univ Copenhagen, Dept Publ Hlth, Copenhagen, Denmark. [Charbotel, Barbara] Univ Lyon, Unite Mixte Rech, Epidemiol & Surveillance Transport Travail Enviro, Lyon, France. [Kauppinen, Timo] Finnish Inst Occupat Hlth, Helsinki, Finland. [Kyyronen, Pentti; Pukkala, Eero] Finnish Canc Registry, Inst Stat & Epidemiol Canc Res, FIN-00170 Helsinki, Finland. [Pukkala, Eero] Univ Tampere, Sch Hlth Sci, FIN-33101 Tampere, Finland. [Weiderpass, Elisabete] Canc Registry Norway, Oslo, Norway. [Weiderpass, Elisabete] Karolinska Inst, Dept Med Epidemiol & Biostat, Stockholm, Sweden. [Weiderpass, Elisabete] Arctic Univ Norway, Univ Tromso, Fac Hlth Sci, Dept Community Med, Tromso, Norway. [Weiderpass, Elisabete] Samfundet Folkhalsan, Folkhalsan Res Ctr, Helsinki, Finland. RP Guha, N (reprint author), Int Agcy Res Canc, Sect IARC Monog, 150 Cours Albert Thomas, F-69372 Lyon 08, France. EM Guhan@iarc.fr RI Weiderpass, Elisabete/M-4029-2016; OI Weiderpass, Elisabete/0000-0003-2237-0128; Lynge, Elsebeth/0000-0003-4785-5236 FU Nordic Cancer Union; International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC); European commission FP7 Marie Curie Actions-People-Cofunding of regional, national, and international programmes (COFUND) FX This work was financially supported by the Nordic Cancer Union. Part of the work reported in this article was undertaken during the tenure of a postdoctoral fellowship (J.V.) from the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), partially supported by the European commission FP7 Marie Curie Actions-People-Cofunding of regional, national, and international programmes (COFUND). NR 39 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 3 U2 19 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 EI 1552-9924 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 122 IS 7 BP 661 EP 666 DI 10.1289/ehp.1307055 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA AL2AK UT WOS:000338928000014 PM 24659585 ER PT J AU Riederer, AM Dhingra, R Blount, BC Steenland, K AF Riederer, Anne M. Dhingra, Radhika Blount, Benjamin C. Steenland, Kyle TI Predictors of Blood Trihalomethane Concentrations in NHANES 1999-2006 SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Article ID DISINFECTION BY-PRODUCTS; INDOOR SWIMMING POOLS; WATER-USE ACTIVITIES; BROMODICHLOROMETHANE METABOLISM; BLADDER-CANCER; DRINKING-WATER; UNITED-STATES; HUMAN LIVER; TAP WATER; EXPOSURE AB Background: Trihalomethanes (THMs) are water disinfection by-products that have been associated with bladder cancer and adverse birth outcomes. Four THMs (bromoform, chloroform, bromodichloromethane, dibromochloromethane) were measured in blood and tap water of U. S. adults in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 1999-2006. THMs are metabolized to potentially toxic/mutagenic intermediates by cytochrome p450 (CYP) 2D6 and CYP2E1 enzymes. Objectives: We conducted exploratory analyses of blood THMs, including factors affecting CYP2D6 and CYP2E1 activity. Methods: We used weighted multivariable regressions to evaluate associations between blood THMs and water concentrations, survey year, and other factors potentially affecting THM exposure or metabolism (e.g., prescription medications, cruciferous vegetables, diabetes, fasting, pregnancy, swimming). Results: From 1999 to 2006, geometric mean blood and water THM levels dropped in parallel, with decreases of 32%-76% in blood and 38%-52% in water, likely resulting, in part, from the lowering of the total THM drinking water standard in 2002-2004. The strongest predictors of blood THM levels were survey year and water concentration (n = 4,232 total THM; n = 4,080 bromoform; n = 4,582 chloroform; n = 4,374 bromodichloromethane; n = 4,464 dibromochloromethane). We detected statistically significant inverse associations with diabetes and eating cruciferous vegetables in all but the bromoform model. Medications did not consistently predict blood levels. Afternoon/evening blood samples had lower THM concentrations than morning samples. In a subsample (n = 230), air chloroform better predicted blood chloroform than water chloroform, suggesting showering/bathing was a more important source than drinking. Conclusions: We identified several factors associated with blood THMs that may affect their metabolism. The potential health implications require further study. C1 [Riederer, Anne M.; Dhingra, Radhika; Steenland, Kyle] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Blount, Benjamin C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Tobacco & Volatile Organ Cpds Branch, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Riederer, AM (reprint author), 13604 Cherrydale Dr, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. EM anne.riederer@gmail.com FU National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS); National Institutes of Health (NIH) [1R03ES019265-01] FX This study was funded by the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), National Institutes of Health (NIH) (grant 1R03ES019265-01). NR 59 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 22 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 EI 1552-9924 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 122 IS 7 BP 695 EP 702 DI 10.1289/ehp.1306499 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA AL2AK UT WOS:000338928000019 PM 24647036 ER PT J AU Engel, LS Buckley, JP Yang, G Liao, LM Satagopan, J Calafat, AM Matthews, CE Cai, QY Ji, BT Cai, H Engel, SM Wolff, MS Rothman, N Zheng, W Xiang, YB Shu, XO Gao, YT Chow, WH AF Engel, Lawrence S. Buckley, Jessie P. Yang, Gong Liao, Linda M. Satagopan, Jaya Calafat, Antonia M. Matthews, Charles E. Cai, Qiuyin Ji, Bu-Tian Cai, Hui Engel, Stephanie M. Wolff, Mary S. Rothman, Nathaniel Zheng, Wei Xiang, Yong-Bing Shu, Xiao-Ou Gao, Yu-Tang Chow, Wong-Ho TI Predictors and Variability of Repeat Measurements of Urinary Phenols and Parabens in a Cohort of Shanghai Women and Men SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Article ID BISPHENOL-A CONCENTRATIONS; TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY; TEMPORAL VARIABILITY; CHINESE ADULTS; PREGNANCY; EXPOSURE; QUANTIFICATION; POPULATION; TRICLOSAN; CHILDREN AB Background: Exposure to certain phenols is ubiquitous because of their use in many consumer and personal care products. However, predictors of exposure have not been well characterized in most populations. Objectives: We sought to identify predictors of exposure and to assess the reproducibility of phenol concentrations across serial spot urine samples among Chinese adults. Methods: We measured 2,4-dichlorophenol, 2,5-dichlorophenol, butyl paraben, methyl paraben, propyl paraben, benzophenone-3, bisphenol A, and triclosan in urine collected during 1997-2006 from 50 participants of the Shanghai Women's Health Study cohort and during 2002-2006 from 50 participants of the Shanghai Men's Health Study cohort. We investigated predictors of concentrations using the Satterthwaite t-test, and assessed reproducibility among serial samples using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) and Spearman correlation coefficients (SCCs). Results: Creatinine-corrected phenol concentrations were generally higher among women than men. Participants who had taken medicine within the previous 24 hr had higher concentrations of propyl paraben. Cigarette smoking was associated with lower concentrations of propyl and methyl parabens among men. Bottled water consumption was associated with higher bisphenol A, 2,4-dichlorophenol, and 2,5-dichlorophenol concentrations among women. Among men, reproducibility across serial samples was moderate for 2,4-dichlorophenol and 2,5-dichlorophenol (ICC = 0.54-0.60, SCC = 0.43-0.56), but lower for other analytes (ICC = 0.20-0.29). Reproducibility among women was low (ICC = 0.13-0.39), but increased when restricted to morning-only urine samples. Conclusions: Among these 100 Shanghai residents, urinary phenol concentrations varied by sex, smoking, and consumption of bottled water. Our results suggest that a single urine sample may be adequate for ranking exposure to the precursors of 2,4-dichlorophenol and 2,5-dichlorophenol among men and, under certain circumstances, among women. C1 [Engel, Lawrence S.; Buckley, Jessie P.; Engel, Stephanie M.] Univ N Carolina, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Yang, Gong; Cai, Qiuyin; Cai, Hui; Zheng, Wei; Shu, Xiao-Ou] Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Div Epidemiol, Nashville, TN 37212 USA. [Liao, Linda M.; Matthews, Charles E.; Ji, Bu-Tian; Rothman, Nathaniel; Chow, Wong-Ho] NCI, Div Canc Epidemiol & Genet, NIH, US Dept HHS, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Satagopan, Jaya] Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, New York, NY 10021 USA. [Calafat, Antonia M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Wolff, Mary S.] Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Community & Prevent Med, New York, NY USA. [Xiang, Yong-Bing; Gao, Yu-Tang] Shanghai Canc Inst, Shanghai Canc Registry, Shanghai, Peoples R China. RP Engel, LS (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Dept Epidemiol, CB 7435, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. EM Larry.Engel@unc.edu RI matthews, Charles/E-8073-2015; OI matthews, Charles/0000-0001-8037-3103; Satagopan, Jaya/0000-0001-7102-5633; Liao, Linda/0000-0002-1923-5294; Engel, Lawrence/0000-0001-9268-4830 FU Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center [P30 CA068485] FX The urine sample preparation was performed at Survey and Biospecimen Shared Resource, which is partially supported by the Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center (P30 CA068485). NR 27 TC 17 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 28 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 EI 1552-9924 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 122 IS 7 BP 733 EP 740 DI 10.1289/ehp.1306830 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA AL2AK UT WOS:000338928000024 PM 24659570 ER PT J AU Sharma, S Mayank, AK Nailwal, H Tripathi, S Patel, JR Bowzard, JB Gaur, P Donis, RO Katz, JM Cox, NJ Lal, RB Farooqi, H Sambhara, S Lal, SK AF Sharma, Shipra Mayank, Adarsh K. Nailwal, Himani Tripathi, Shashank Patel, Jenish R. Bowzard, John B. Gaur, Pratibha Donis, Ruben O. Katz, Jacqueline M. Cox, Nancy J. Lal, Renu B. Farooqi, Humaira Sambhara, Suryaprakash Lal, Sunil K. TI Influenza A viral nucleoprotein interacts with cytoskeleton scaffolding protein alpha-actinin-4 for viral replication SO FEBS JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE actinin-4; influenza virus; interaction; localization; nucleoprotein ID HOST GENE-EXPRESSION; VIRUS NUCLEOPROTEIN; NUCLEAR-LOCALIZATION; CANCER INVASION; ALPHA-ACTININ; RNA-SYNTHESIS; CELLS; TRANSCRIPTION; REVEALS; SUBUNIT AB Influenza A virus (IAV), similar to other viruses, exploits the machinery of human host cells for its survival and replication. We identified alpha-actinin-4, a host cytoskeletal protein, as an interacting partner of IAV nucleoprotein (NP). We confirmed this interaction using co-immunoprecipitation studies, first in a coupled in vitro transcription-translation assay and then in cells either transiently co-expressing the two proteins or infected with whole IAV. Importantly, the NP-actinin-4 interaction was observed in several IAV sub-types, including the 2009 H1N1 pandemic virus. Moreover, immunofluorescence studies revealed that both NP and actinin-4 co-localized largely around the nucleus and also in the cytoplasmic region of virus-infected A549 cells. Silencing of actinin-4 expression resulted in not only a significant decrease in NP, M2 and NS1 viral protein expression, but also a reduction of both NP mRNA and viral RNA levels, as well as viral titers, 24 h post-infection with IAV, suggesting that actinin-4 was critical for viral replication. Furthermore, actinin-4 depletion reduced the amount of NP localized in the nucleus. Treatment of infected cells with wortmannin, a known inhibitor of actinin-4, led to a decrease in NP mRNA levels and also caused the nuclear retention of NP, further strengthening our previous observations. Taken together, the results of the present study indicate that actinin-4, a novel interacting partner of IAV NP, plays a crucial role in viral replication and this interaction may participate in nuclear localization of NP and/or viral ribonucleoproteins. C1 [Sharma, Shipra; Mayank, Adarsh K.; Nailwal, Himani; Tripathi, Shashank; Gaur, Pratibha; Lal, Sunil K.] Int Ctr Genet Engn & Biotechnol, Virol Grp, New Delhi, India. [Patel, Jenish R.; Bowzard, John B.; Donis, Ruben O.; Katz, Jacqueline M.; Cox, Nancy J.; Lal, Renu B.; Sambhara, Suryaprakash] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Farooqi, Humaira] Jamia Hamdard, Fac Sci, Dept Biotechnol, New Delhi, India. RP Lal, SK (reprint author), Monash Univ Malaysia, Sch Sci, Bandar Sunway 47500, Selangor De, Malaysia. EM sunilklal@gmail.com FU ICGEB; Department of Biotechnology, India; CDC, Atlanta, GA, USA; Indian Medical Research Council, New Delhi, India FX We thank Dr Hung-Ying Kao (Case Western Reserve University Cleveland, OH) for providing the pCMX-Actinin-4 plasmid. We also thank Dr Dinh Duy Khang (Institute of Biotechnology, Hanoi, Vietnam) for providing the influenza virus (A/Hatay isolate) cDNA; Dr Li-Mei Chen for providing influenza A virus polymerase complex reporter system plasmids; and Ms Mary McCauley of the National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, CDC, for excellent editorial assistance. We thank Dr Vijaya Pandey for critically reviewing the manuscript and for making useful comments about the experimental design. We thank Ms Purnima Kumar for helping us with the confocal experiments. The present study was supported by internal funds from ICGEB, a research grant from the Department of Biotechnology, India, and a training grant from the CDC, Atlanta, GA, USA. Shipra Sharma was supported by a fellowship from the Indian Medical Research Council, New Delhi, India. All virus infections were carried out in a Biosafety Level 2 facility, except the influenza A/Vietnam/1203/04 (H5N1) virus experiment, which was conducted in a Biosafety Level 3 facility in CDC, Atlanta, GA, USA. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 45 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 6 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1742-464X EI 1742-4658 J9 FEBS J JI FEBS J. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 281 IS 13 BP 2899 EP 2914 DI 10.1111/febs.12828 PG 16 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA AL4IY UT WOS:000339097600002 PM 24802111 ER PT J AU Wang, YF Yang, WL Cama, V Wang, L Cabrera, L Ortega, Y Bern, C Feng, YY Gilman, R Xiao, LH AF Wang, Yuanfei Yang, Wenli Cama, Vitaliano Wang, Lin Cabrera, Lilia Ortega, Ynes Bern, Caryn Feng, Yaoyu Gilman, Robert Xiao, Lihua TI Population genetics of Cryptosporidium meleagridis in humans and birds: evidence for cross-species transmission SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL FOR PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Cryptosporidium meleagridis; Multilocus sequence typing; Subtypes; Population genetics; Zoonosis ID MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION; CLINICAL-MANIFESTATIONS; PARVUM; CHILDREN; HOMINIS; HIV; PREVALENCE; GENOTYPES; CHICKENS; SUBTYPES AB Population genetic studies have been used to understand the transmission of pathogens in humans and animals, especially the role of zoonotic infections and evolution and dispersal of virulent subtypes. In this study, we analysed the genetic diversity and population structure of Cryptosporidium meleagridis, the only known Cryptosporidium species that infects both avian and mammalian hosts and is responsible for approximately 10% of human cryptosporidiosis in some areas. A total of 62 C meleagridis specimens from children, AIDS patients, and birds in Lima, Peru were characterised by sequence analysis of the ssrRNA gene and five minisatellite, microsatellite and polymorphic markers in chromosome 6, including the 60 kDa glycoprotein (gp60), 47 kDa glycoprotein (CP47), a serine repeat antigen (MSC6-5), retinitis pigmentosa GTPase regulator (RPGR) and thrombospondin protein 8 (TSP8). The multilocus sequence analysis identified concurrent infections with Cryptosporidium hominis in four AIDS patients and three children. Unique subtypes of C meleagridis ranged from eight at the gp60 locus (gene diversity Hd = 0.651), three at the RPGR (Hd = 0.556), three at the MSC6-5 locus (Hd = 0.242), two at TSP8 (Hd = 0.198), to one at CP47 (monomorphic), much lower than that of C hominis in the same area. Intra-genic linkage disequilibrium was strong and complete at all gene loci. Intergenic linkage disequilibrium was highly significant (P < 0.001) for all pairs of polymorphic loci. Two major groups of subtypes were seen, with most subtypes belonging to group 1. Within group 1, there was no clear population segregation, and two of the 14 multilocus subtypes of C meleagridis were found in both AIDS patients and birds. We believe that these results provide the first evidence of a clonal population structure of C. meleagridis and the likely occurrence of cross-species transmission of C. meleagridis between birds and humans. Published by Elsevier Ltd. on behalf of Australian Society for Parasitology Inc. C1 [Wang, Yuanfei; Wang, Lin; Feng, Yaoyu] E China Univ Sci & Technol, State Key Lab Bioreactor Engn, Sch Resources & Environm Engn, Shanghai 200237, Peoples R China. [Yang, Wenli; Xiao, Lihua] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Cama, Vitaliano; Bern, Caryn] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Cabrera, Lilia] Asociac Benef PRISMA, Lima, Peru. [Ortega, Ynes] Univ Georgia, Ctr Food Safety, Griffin, GA 30223 USA. [Gilman, Robert] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Int Hlth, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. RP Feng, YY (reprint author), E China Univ Sci & Technol, State Key Lab Bioreactor Engn, Sch Resources & Environm Engn, Shanghai 200237, Peoples R China. EM yyfeng@ecust.edu.cn; lxiao@cdc.gov RI Xiao, Lihua/B-1704-2013; Feng, Yaoyu/B-3076-2014 OI Xiao, Lihua/0000-0001-8532-2727; FU National Natural Science Foundation of China [31229005, 31110103901]; National Special Fund for State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, China [2060204]; National Institutes of Health, USA [5P01AI051976, 5R21AI059661]; USDA-CSREES [2001-51110-11340]; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, USA FX This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31229005 and 31110103901), National Special Fund for State Key Laboratory of Bioreactor Engineering, China (No. 2060204), National Institutes of Health, USA (5P01AI051976 and 5R21AI059661), USDA-CSREES (2001-51110-11340), and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, USA. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 36 TC 9 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 19 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0020-7519 EI 1879-0135 J9 INT J PARASITOL JI Int. J. Parasit. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 44 IS 8 BP 515 EP 521 DI 10.1016/j.ijpara.2014.03.003 PG 7 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA AL3OR UT WOS:000339038600003 PM 24727090 ER PT J AU Sommarin, C Kilbane, T Mercy, JA Moloney-Kitts, M Ligiero, DP AF Sommarin, Clara Kilbane, Theresa Mercy, James A. Moloney-Kitts, Michele Ligiero, Daniela P. TI Preventing Sexual Violence and HIV in Children SO JAIDS-JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES LA English DT Article DE violence against children; sexual abuse and exploitation; intimate partner violence; HIV prevention ID INTIMATE PARTNER VIOLENCE; CLUSTER-RANDOMIZED-TRIAL; GENDER-BASED VIOLENCE; SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA; RISK-FACTOR; INFECTION; WOMEN; METAANALYSIS; PROGRAM; SCHOOL AB Background: Evidence linking violence against women and HIV has grown, including on the cycle of violence and the links between violence against children and women. To create an effective response to the HIV epidemic, it is key to prevent sexual violence against children and intimate partner violence (IPV) against adolescent girls. Methods: Authors analyzed data from national household surveys on violence against children undertaken by governments in Swaziland, Tanzania, Kenya, and Zimbabwe, with support of the Together for Girls initiative, as well as an analysis of evidence on effective programmes. Results: Data show that sexual and physical violence in childhood are linked to negative health outcomes, including increased sexual risk taking (eg, inconsistent condom use and increased number of sexual partners), and that girls begin experiencing IPV (emotional, physical, and sexual) during adolescence. Evidence on effective programmes addressing childhood sexual violence is growing. Key interventions focus on increasing knowledge among children and caregivers by addressing attitudes and practices around violence, including dating relationships. Programmes also seek to build awareness of services available for children who experience violence. Discussion: Findings include incorporating attention to children into HIV and violence programmes directed to adults; increased coordination and leveraging of resources between these programmes; test transferability of programmes in low- and middle-income countries; and invest in data collection and robust evaluations of interventions to prevent sexual violence and IPV among children. Conclusions: This article contributes to a growing body of evidence on the prevention of sexual violence and HIV in children. C1 [Sommarin, Clara; Kilbane, Theresa] United Nations Childrens Fund, Programme Div, Child Protect Sect, New York, NY USA. [Mercy, James A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Violence Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA USA. [Moloney-Kitts, Michele] UNAIDS Together Girls, Washington, DC USA. [Ligiero, Daniela P.] US Dept State, Off US Global AIDS Coordinator, Washington, DC 20520 USA. RP Sommarin, C (reprint author), UNICEF, Programme Div, 3 UN Plaza, New York, NY 10017 USA. EM csommarin@unicef.org RI Figueroa Ossa, Ulda Omar/N-5821-2016 NR 47 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 16 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 1525-4135 EI 1077-9450 J9 JAIDS-J ACQ IMM DEF JI JAIDS PD JUL 1 PY 2014 VL 66 SU 2 BP S217 EP S223 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA AL3QC UT WOS:000339042400010 PM 24918598 ER PT J AU Park, S Onufrak, S Sherry, B Blanck, HM AF Park, Sohyun Onufrak, Stephen Sherry, Bettylou Blanck, Heidi M. TI The Relationship between Health-Related Knowledge and Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Intake among US Adults SO JOURNAL OF THE ACADEMY OF NUTRITION AND DIETETICS LA English DT Article DE Sugar-sweetened beverages; Knowledge; Calories; Adults ID FOOD-FREQUENCY QUESTIONNAIRE; NUTRITION KNOWLEDGE; CALORIE INFORMATION; MISSISSIPPI DELTA; UNITED-STATES; ENERGY-INTAKE; WEIGHT-GAIN; CONSUMPTION; RISK; OBESITY AB Because there is limited information on associations between health-related knowledge and sugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) intake, our cross-sectional study examined this question using the 2010 HealthStyles Survey data for 3,926 adults (aged >= 18 years). Multivariable logistic regression analysis was used to estimate the adjusted odds ratios and 95% CIs for drinking SSBs >= 2 times per day. About 31% of adults consumed SSBs >= 1 time per day, with 20% doing so >= 2 times per day. About eight of 10 adults agreed that drinking SSBs can contribute to weight gain, yet, eight of 10 adults in this study did not know the actual kilocalorie content of a 24-oz fountain soda. After controlling for age, sex, race/ethnicity, education level, annual household income, and geographic region, the odds for drinking SSBs >= 2 times per day were significantly higher among adults who neither agreed nor disagreed (ie, were neutral) that drinking SSBs can contribute to weight gain (odds ratio 1.61, 95% CI 1.15 to 2.25 vs agree); however, knowledge about the energy content of regular soda was not associated with SSB intake. Our finding that knowledge about the adverse effects of SSB intake is significantly associated with SSB intake among adults suggests that health education regarding the potential contribution of excess energy intake from SSBs to weight gain could contribute to lowered consumption and lower rates of obesity. Although knowledge about the kilocalorie content of regular soda was unrelated to SSB intake, health education on the kilocalorie content of SSBs may still be beneficial because most adults did not know the actual kilocalorie content of SSBs. Longitudinal studies are needed to explore associations between knowledge about energy provided by SSBs and SSB intake. C1 [Park, Sohyun; Onufrak, Stephen; Sherry, Bettylou; Blanck, Heidi M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Park, S (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,Mailstop F77, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM spark3@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 33 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 23 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 2212-2672 J9 J ACAD NUTR DIET JI J. Acad. Nutr. Diet. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 114 IS 7 BP 1059 EP 1066 DI 10.1016/j.jand.2013.11.003 PG 8 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA AL2RI UT WOS:000338972400010 PM 24360502 ER PT J AU Lown, BA Chen, LH Han, PV Jentes, ES Wilson, ME Benoit, CM Avery, KA Ooi, W Hamer, DH Barnett, ED AF Lown, Beth A. Chen, Lin H. Han, Pauline V. Jentes, Emily S. Wilson, Mary E. Benoit, Christine M. Avery, Karen A. Ooi, Winnie Hamer, Davidson H. Barnett, Elizabeth D. CA Boston Area Travel Med Network TI Preferences and Decision Needs of Boston-Area Travelers to Countries With Risk of Yellow Fever Virus Transmission: Implications for Health Care Providers SO JOURNAL OF TRAVEL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID PERCEPTION; WANT AB Background. Yellow fever (YF), a potentially fatal mosquito-borne infection, is preventable with a live-attenuated vaccine, rarely associated with severe adverse events. We surveyed travelers to assess their reasons for pre-travel medical consultation, information they considered important regarding YF disease and vaccination, whether they recalled receiving this information, and whether they were involved in vaccine decision-making. Methods. Travelers aged 18 years and older were surveyed at three Boston-area travel clinics. Only those making YF vaccination decisions were included for analyses. Results. Of 831 travelers surveyed, 589 (70%) indicated making a YF vaccination decision. Travel medicine providers recommended YF vaccination to 537 (91%) of 589 travelers; 92% of these 537 received vaccine. Among 101 travelers aged 60 years and older, 9% declined the vaccine; among those younger than 60 years, 4% declined the vaccine (p = 0.06). Of 589 travelers, most agreed they needed to understand destination-specific YF risks (82%) and vaccine risks (88%), and were involved in YF vaccine decisions (87%). Less than half recalled discussing their concerns about YF vaccine with the provider (42%) or what risks and benefits mattered most to them (32%). Conclusion. Most participants sought YF disease and vaccine risk information and wanted to be involved in decision-making; however, fewer than half recalled discussing their opinions or concerns about YF vaccine. Providers need effective risk communication skills and the ability to elicit and respond to travelers' concerns to help them make informed, shared decisions. C1 [Lown, Beth A.; Chen, Lin H.; Avery, Karen A.] Mt Auburn Hosp, Dept Med, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Lown, Beth A.; Chen, Lin H.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Boston, MA USA. [Han, Pauline V.; Jentes, Emily S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global Migrat & Quarantine, Atlanta, GA USA. [Wilson, Mary E.] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Global Hlth & Populat, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Benoit, Christine M.; Barnett, Elizabeth D.] Boston Med Ctr, Maxwell Finland Lab Infect Dis, Boston, MA USA. [Ooi, Winnie] Lahey Clin Fdn, Travel & Trop Med Clin, Burlington, MA USA. [Hamer, Davidson H.] Boston Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Infect Dis Sect, Boston, MA 02118 USA. [Hamer, Davidson H.] Boston Univ, Ctr Global Hlth & Dev, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Hamer, Davidson H.] Boston Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Int Hlth, Boston, MA USA. RP Lown, BA (reprint author), Mt Auburn Hosp, Dept Med, 300 Mt Auburn St, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM blown@mah.harvard.edu FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [1U19CI000508-01]; Boston Medical Center [1U19CI000508-01] FX We gratefully acknowledge the contributions and administrative assistance of Allison Kay, Racquel Wells, Meghan Geary, and Deborah Gannon. This research was funded by a cooperative agreement (1U19CI000508-01) between the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and Boston Medical Center. NR 18 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1195-1982 EI 1708-8305 J9 J TRAVEL MED JI J. Travel Med. PD JUL-AUG PY 2014 VL 21 IS 4 BP 266 EP 271 DI 10.1111/jtm.12119 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA AL2GE UT WOS:000338943100009 PM 24734961 ER PT J AU Delaney, MA Colegrove, KM Spraker, TR Zuerner, RL Galloway, RL Gulland, FMD AF Delaney, Martha A. Colegrove, Kathleen M. Spraker, Terry R. Zuerner, Richard L. Galloway, Renee L. Gulland, Frances M. D. TI Isolation of Leptospira from a Phocid: Acute Renal Failure and Mortality from Leptospirosis in Rehabilitated Northern Elephant Seals (Mirounga angustirostris), California, USA SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Acute renal failure; immunohistochemistry; leptospirosis; Mirounga angustirostris; northern elephant seal; pulsed-field gel electrophoresis; serology; variable number tandem repeat ID LIONS; IDENTIFICATION; COAST AB During rehabilitation, acute renal failure due to leptospirosis occurred in eight male northern elephant seals (Mirounga angustirostris) that stranded along the central California coast in 2011. Characteristic histologic lesions including renal tubular degeneration, necrosis, and mineralization, and mild lymphoplasmacytic interstitial nephritis were noted in the six animals examined. Immunohistochemistry, bacterial culture, and PCR were positive in 2/3, 2/3, and 3/4 seals, respectively, and 6/8 had high serum antibody titers to Leptospira interrogans serovar pomona. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis confirmed one isolate as serovar Pomona. Variable number tandem repeat (VNTR) analysis showed both elephant seal isolates were identical to each other but distinct from those isolated from California sea lions (Zalophus californianus). The time from stranding to onset of azotemia was 1 to 38 (median=24) days, suggesting some seals were infected at the rehabilitation facility. Based on temporal and spatial incidence of infection, transmission among elephant seals likely occurred during rehabilitation. Molecular (VNTR) analysis of the two isolates indicates there is a unique L. interrogans serovar pomona genotype in elephant seals, and sea lions were not the source of infection prior to or during rehabilitation. This study confirms the susceptibility of northern elephant seals to leptospirosis, indicates intra-species transmission during rehabilitation, and reports the first isolation and preliminary characterization of leptospires from elephant seals. C1 [Delaney, Martha A.; Colegrove, Kathleen M.] Loyola Univ, Med Ctr, Univ Illinois Zool Pathol Program, Maywood, IL 60153 USA. [Spraker, Terry R.] Colorado State Univ, Coll Vet Med & Biomed Sci, Colorado State Univ Diagnost Lab, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Zuerner, Richard L.] Swedish Univ Agr Sci, Dept Biomed & Vet Publ Hlth, S-75007 Uppsala, Sweden. [Galloway, Renee L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Bacterial Zoonoses Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Gulland, Frances M. D.] Marine Mammal Ctr, Sausalito, CA 94956 USA. RP Delaney, MA (reprint author), Univ Washington, Dept Comparat Med, 850 Republican St,Campus Box 357190, Seattle, WA 98109 USA. EM delanm@u.washington.edu NR 8 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 19 PU WILDLIFE DISEASE ASSOC, INC PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0090-3558 EI 1943-3700 J9 J WILDLIFE DIS JI J. Wildl. Dis. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 50 IS 3 BP 621 EP 627 DI 10.7589/2013-08-195 PG 7 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA AL1TQ UT WOS:000338909600023 PM 24807176 ER PT J AU Martinez-Duque, P Avila-Flores, R Emerson, GL Carroll, DS Suzan, G Gallardo-Romero, NF AF Martinez-Duque, Paola Avila-Flores, Rafael Emerson, Ginny L. Carroll, Darin S. Suzan, Gerardo Gallardo-Romero, Nadia F. TI Orthopoxvirus Antibodies in Grey Squirrels (Sciurus aureogaster) in Mexico City, Mexico SO JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE DISEASES LA English DT Letter ID POXVIRUS; VULGARIS; RODENTS; DISEASE AB Serum from Mexican grey squirrels (Sciurus aureogaster) from Mexico City reacted to Orthopoxvirus by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Real-time PCR based on oral swabs and scabs did not detect viral DNA. Antibody prevalence was 30% (n=366), providing the first evidence of Orthopoxvirus antibodies in Mexican wild rodents. C1 [Martinez-Duque, Paola; Suzan, Gerardo] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Fac Med Vet & Zootecnia, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. [Avila-Flores, Rafael] Univ Juarez Autonoma Tabasco, Div Acad Ciencias Biol, Villahermosa 86039, Tabasco, Mexico. [Emerson, Ginny L.; Carroll, Darin S.; Gallardo-Romero, Nadia F.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Poxvirus & Rabies Branch, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Martinez-Duque, P (reprint author), Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Fac Med Vet & Zootecnia, Circuito Exterior S-N,Ciudad Univ, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. EM paola_martinez@ymail.com NR 14 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 7 PU WILDLIFE DISEASE ASSOC, INC PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH ST, LAWRENCE, KS 66044-8897 USA SN 0090-3558 EI 1943-3700 J9 J WILDLIFE DIS JI J. Wildl. Dis. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 50 IS 3 BP 696 EP 698 DI 10.7589/2013-12-320 PG 3 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA AL1TQ UT WOS:000338909600037 PM 24807351 ER PT J AU Schaefer, MK Perz, JF AF Schaefer, Melissa K. Perz, Joseph F. TI Outbreaks of Infections Associated With Drug Diversion by US Health Care Personnel SO MAYO CLINIC PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Article ID ANESTHESIOLOGIST; TRANSMISSION; BACTEREMIA; SETTINGS; PATIENT AB Objective: To summarize available information about outbreaks of infections stemming from drug diversion in US health care settings and describe recommended protocols and public health actions. Patients and Methods: We reviewed records at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention related to outbreaks of infections from drug diversion by health care personnel in US health care settings from January 1, 2000, through December 31, 2013. Searches of the medical literature published during the same period were also conducted using PubMed. Information compiled included health care setting(s), infection type(s), specialty of the implicated health care professional, implicated medication(s), mechanism( s) of diversion, number of infected patients, number of patients with potential exposure to blood-borne pathogens, and resolution of the investigation. Results: We identified 6 outbreaks over a 10-year period beginning in 2004; all occurred in hospital settings. Implicated health care professionals included 3 technicians and 3 nurses, one of whom was a nurse anesthetist. The mechanism by which infections were spread was tampering with injectable controlled substances. Two outbreaks involved tampering with opioids administered via patient-controlled analgesia pumps and resulted in gram-negative bacteremia in 34 patients. The remaining 4 outbreaks involved tampering with syringes or vials containing fentanyl; hepatitis C virus infection was transmitted to 84 patients. In each of these outbreaks, the implicated health care professional was infected with hepatitis C virus and served as the source; nearly 30,000 patients were potentially exposed to blood-borne pathogens and targeted for notification advising testing. Conclusion: These outbreaks revealed gaps in prevention, detection, and response to drug diversion in US health care facilities. Drug diversion is best prevented by health care facilities having strong narcotics security measures and active monitoring systems. Appropriate response includes assessment of harm to patients, consultation with public health officials when tampering with injectable medication is suspected, and prompt reporting to enforcement agencies. C1 [Schaefer, Melissa K.; Perz, Joseph F.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Schaefer, MK (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS A-31, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM mschaefer@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 35 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0025-6196 EI 1942-5546 J9 MAYO CLIN PROC JI Mayo Clin. Proc. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 89 IS 7 BP 878 EP 887 DI 10.1016/j.mayocp.2014.04.007 PG 10 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA AL0WD UT WOS:000338846900007 PM 24933292 ER PT J AU Leshem, E Moritz, RE Curns, AT Zhou, FJ Tate, JE Lopman, BA Parashar, UD AF Leshem, Eyal Moritz, Rebecca E. Curns, Aaron T. Zhou, Fangjun Tate, Jacqueline E. Lopman, Benjamin A. Parashar, Umesh D. TI Rotavirus Vaccines and Health Care Utilization for Diarrhea in the United States (2007-2011) SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE rotavirus vaccines; United States; diarrhea; rotavirus; hospitalization ID IMMUNIZATION PRACTICES ACIP; US CHILDREN; ADVISORY-COMMITTEE; GASTROENTERITIS; HOSPITALIZATIONS; RECOMMENDATIONS; PREVENTION; INFANTS AB OBJECTIVES: To examine reductions in diarrhea-associated health care utilization after rotavirus vaccine implementation and to assess direct and indirect effectiveness of vaccination. METHODS: Retrospective cohort analysis of claims data of commercially insured US children aged,5 years. We examined annual pentavalent (RV5) and monovalent (RV1) rotavirus vaccine coverage. We compared rates of diarrhea-associated health care utilization in prevaccine (2001-2006) versus postvaccine introduction (2007-2011) years, compared rates of diarrhea-associated health care utilization in vaccinated versus unvaccinated children and compared rates in unvaccinated children in postvaccine versus prevaccine years. RESULTS: Among children aged, 5 years, RV5 and RV1 rotavirus vaccine coverage rates reached 58% and 5%, respectively, by December 31, 2010. Compared with the average rate of rotavirus-coded hospitalizations in 2001-2006, rates were reduced by 75% in 2007-2008, 60% in 2008-2009, 94% in 2009-2010, and 80% in 2010-2011. Compared with unvaccinated children, in 2010-2011, the rate of rotavirus-coded hospitalizations was reduced by 92% among RV5 recipients and 96% among RV1 recipients. Rotavirus-coded hospitalization rate reductions among RV5 recipients versus unvaccinated children ranged from 87% among,1-year-olds to 81% among 4-year-olds. Compared with prevaccine rates in 2001-2006, rotavirus-coded hospitalization rates among unvaccinated children decreased by 50% in 2007-2008, 77% in 2009-2010, and 25% in 2010-2011. CONCLUSIONS: Implementation of rotavirus vaccines has substantially reduced diarrhea health care utilization in US children. Both rotavirus vaccines conferred high protection against rotavirus hospitalizations; RV5 conferred durable protection through the fourth year of life. Vaccination also conferred indirect benefits to unvaccinated children. C1 [Leshem, Eyal; Moritz, Rebecca E.; Curns, Aaron T.; Zhou, Fangjun; Tate, Jacqueline E.; Lopman, Benjamin A.; Parashar, Umesh D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Leshem, Eyal] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Leshem, E (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mail Stop A-34, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM eleshem@cdc.gov OI Leshem, Eyal/0000-0003-1267-6131 NR 13 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 EI 1098-4275 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD JUL PY 2014 VL 134 IS 1 BP 15 EP 23 DI 10.1542/peds.2013-3849 PG 9 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA AK9UZ UT WOS:000338774800045 PM 24913793 ER PT J AU Peterson, C Xu, LK Florence, C Parks, SE Miller, TR Barr, RG Barr, M Steinbeigle, R AF Peterson, Cora Xu, Likang Florence, Curtis Parks, Sharyn E. Miller, Ted R. Barr, Ronald G. Barr, Marilyn Steinbeigle, Ryan TI The Medical Cost of Abusive Head Trauma in the United States SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE child abuse; shaken baby syndrome; economic analysis ID OPERATIONAL CASE-DEFINITION; YOUNG-CHILDREN; BRAIN-INJURY; OUTCOMES; INFANCY; USA AB OBJECTIVES: Health consequences of shaken baby syndrome, or pediatric abusive head trauma (AHT), can be severe and long-lasting. We aimed to estimate the multiyear medical cost attributable to AHT. METHODS: Using Truven Health MarketScan data, 2003-2011, we identified children 0 to 4 years old with commercial or Medicaid insurance and AHT diagnoses. We used exact case-control matching based on demographic and insurance characteristics such as age and health plan type to compare medical care between patients with and without AHT diagnoses. Using regression models, we assessed service use (ie, average annual number of inpatient visits per patient) and inpatient, outpatient (including emergency department), drug, and total medical costs attributable to an AHT diagnosis during the 4-year period after AHT diagnosis. RESULTS: We assessed 1209 patients with AHT and 5895 matched controls. Approximately 48% of patients with AHT received inpatient care within 2 days of initial diagnosis, and 25% were treated in emergency departments. AHT diagnosis was associated with significantly greater medical service use and higher inpatient, outpatient, drug, and total costs for multiple years after the diagnosis. The estimated total medical cost attributable to AHT in the 4 years after diagnosis was $47 952 (95% confidence interval [CI], $40 219-$55 685) per patient with AHT (2012 US dollars) and differed for commercially insured ($38 231 [95% CI, $29 898-$46 564]) and Medicaid ($56 691 [95% CI, $4290-$69 092]) patients. CONCLUSIONS: Children continue to have substantial excess medical costs for years after AHT. These estimates exclude related nonmedical costs such as special education and disability that also are attributable to AHT. C1 [Peterson, Cora; Xu, Likang; Florence, Curtis; Parks, Sharyn E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA USA. [Miller, Ted R.] Pacific Inst Res & Evaluat, Calverton, MD USA. [Miller, Ted R.] Curtin Univ, Ctr Populat Hlth Res, Perth, WA 6845, Australia. [Barr, Ronald G.] Univ British Columbia, Child & Family Res Inst, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada. [Barr, Marilyn; Steinbeigle, Ryan] Natl Ctr Shaken Baby Syndrome, Farmington, UT USA. RP Peterson, C (reprint author), CDC Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Mailstop F-62,4770 Buford Highway, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM cora.peterson@cdc.hhs.gov OI Peterson, Cora/0000-0001-7955-0977; Miller, Ted/0000-0002-0958-2639 FU Annie E. Casey Foundation; Canada Research Chair in Community Child Health Research FX Supported by grants from the Annie E. Casey Foundation (T. R. M., M. B., R. S.) and a Canada Research Chair in Community Child Health Research (R. G. B.). Neither funder was involved in decisions about design, analysis, or interpretation of study results. NR 20 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 11 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 EI 1098-4275 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD JUL PY 2014 VL 134 IS 1 BP 91 EP 99 DI 10.1542/peds.2014-0117 PG 9 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA AK9UZ UT WOS:000338774800054 PM 24936000 ER PT J AU Gahr, P DeVries, AS Wallace, G Miller, C Kenyon, C Sweet, K Martin, K White, K Bagstad, E Hooker, C Krawczynski, G Boxrud, D Liu, GP Stinchfield, P LeBlanc, J Hickman, C Bahta, L Barskey, A Lynfield, R AF Gahr, Pamala DeVries, Aaron S. Wallace, Gregory Miller, Claudia Kenyon, Cynthia Sweet, Kristin Martin, Karen White, Karen Bagstad, Erica Hooker, Carol Krawczynski, Gretchen Boxrud, David Liu, Gongping Stinchfield, Patricia LeBlanc, Julie Hickman, Cynthia Bahta, Lynn Barskey, Albert Lynfield, Ruth TI An Outbreak of Measles in an Undervaccinated Community SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE measles; measles transmission; measles outbreak; measles-mumps-rubella vaccine; vaccine-preventable diseases; vaccine hesitancy; immunization information system; immunization coverage assessment; post-exposure prophylaxis; voluntary isolation and quarantine; undervaccinated subpopulation ID VACCINATION; DECISIONS; VACCINES; PARENTS; IMPACT; VIRUS AB Measles is readily spread to susceptible individuals, but is no longer endemic in the United States. In March 2011, measles was confirmed in a Minnesota child without travel abroad. This was the first identified case-patient of an outbreak. An investigation was initiated to determine the source, prevent transmission, and examine measles-mumpsrubella (MMR) vaccine coverage in the affected community. Investigation and response included case-patient follow-up, post-exposure prophylaxis, voluntary isolation and quarantine, and early MMR vaccine for non-immune shelter residents >6 months and <12 months of age. Vaccine coverage was assessed by using immunization information system records. Outreach to the affected community included education and support from public health, health care, and community and spiritual leaders. Twenty-one measles cases were identified. The median age was 12 months (range, 4 months to 51 years) and 14 (67%) were hospitalized (range of stay, 2-7 days). The source was a 30-month-old US-born child of Somali descent infected while visiting Kenya. Measles spread in several settings, and over 3000 individuals were exposed. Sixteen case-patients were unvaccinated; 9 of the 16 were age-eligible: 7 of the 9 had safety concerns and 6 were of Somali descent. MMR vaccine coverage among Somali children declined significantly from 2004 through 2010 starting at 91.1% in 2004 and reaching 54.0% in 2010 (chi(2) for linear trend 553.79; P<.001). This was the largest measles outbreak in Minnesota in 20 years, and aggressive response likely prevented additional transmission. Measles outbreaks can occur if undervaccinated subpopulations exist. Misunderstandings about vaccine safety must be effectively addressed. C1 [Gahr, Pamala; DeVries, Aaron S.; Miller, Claudia; Kenyon, Cynthia; Sweet, Kristin; Martin, Karen; White, Karen; Boxrud, David; Liu, Gongping; Hickman, Cynthia; Bahta, Lynn; Lynfield, Ruth] Minnesota Dept Hlth, St Paul, MN 55164 USA. [Wallace, Gregory; Barskey, Albert] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Bagstad, Erica; Hooker, Carol; Krawczynski, Gretchen] Hennepin Cty Human Serv & Publ Hlth, Hopkins, MN USA. [Stinchfield, Patricia; LeBlanc, Julie] Childrens Hosp & Clin Minnesota, St Paul, MN USA. RP Gahr, P (reprint author), Minnesota Dept Hlth, 625 Robert St North, St Paul, MN 55164 USA. EM pam.gahr@state.mn.us FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Public Health Emergency Preparedness Grant [U90TP516981]; Immunization Grant Program [5H23IP522551-09] FX FUNDING: This investigation was supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Public Health Emergency Preparedness Grant (U90TP516981) and the Immunization Grant Program (5H23IP522551-09). NR 22 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 2 U2 21 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 EI 1098-4275 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD JUL PY 2014 VL 134 IS 1 BP E220 EP E228 DI 10.1542/peds.2013-4260 PG 9 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA AK9UZ UT WOS:000338774800026 PM 24913790 ER PT J AU Shapiro-Mendoza, CK Camperlengo, L Ludvigsen, R Cottengim, C Anderson, RN Andrew, T Covington, T Hauck, FR Kemp, J MacDorman, M AF Shapiro-Mendoza, Carrie K. Camperlengo, Lena Ludvigsen, Rebecca Cottengim, Carri Anderson, Robert N. Andrew, Thomas Covington, Theresa Hauck, Fern R. Kemp, James MacDorman, Marian TI Classification System for the Sudden Unexpected Infant Death Case Registry and its Application SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE sudden infant death syndrome; sudden unexpected infant death; infant mortality; accidental suffocation; classification; child death review; surveillance ID POTENTIAL ASPHYXIA AB Sudden unexpected infant deaths (SUID) accounted for 1 in 3 postneonatal deaths in 2010. Sudden infant death syndrome and accidental sleep-related suffocation are among the most frequently reported types of SUID. The causes of these SUID usually are not obvious before a medico-legal investigation and may remain unexplained even after investigation. Lack of consistent investigation practices and an autopsy marker make it difficult to distinguish sudden infant death syndrome from other SUID. Standardized categories might assist in differentiating SUID subtypes and allow for more accurate monitoring of the magnitude of SUID, as well as an enhanced ability to characterize the highest risk groups. To capture information about the extent to which cases are thoroughly investigated and how factors like unsafe sleep may contribute to deaths, CDC created a multistate SUID Case Registry in 2009. As part of the registry, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention developed a classification system that recognizes the uncertainty about how suffocation or asphyxiation may contribute to death and that accounts for unknown and incomplete information about the death scene and autopsy. This report describes the classification system, including its definitions and decision-making algorithm, and applies the system to 436 US SUID cases that occurred in 2011 and were reported to the registry. These categories, although not replacing official cause-of-death determinations, allow local and state programs to track SUID subtypes, creating a valuable tool to identify gaps in investigation and inform SUID reduction strategies. C1 [Shapiro-Mendoza, Carrie K.; Camperlengo, Lena] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Ludvigsen, Rebecca] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ ORISE Res Participant P, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Cottengim, Carri] DB Consulting Grp Inc, Atlanta, GA USA. [Anderson, Robert N.; MacDorman, Marian] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vital Stat, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD USA. [Andrew, Thomas] State New Hampshire, Off Chief Med Examiner, Hampshire, NH USA. [Covington, Theresa] Natl Ctr Child Death Review, Michigan Publ Hlth Inst, Okemos, MI USA. [Hauck, Fern R.] Univ Virginia, Dept Family Med, Charlottesville, VA USA. [Hauck, Fern R.] Univ Virginia, Dept Publ Hlth Sci, Charlottesville, VA USA. [Kemp, James] Washington Univ, Div Pediat Allergy Immunol & Pulm Med, St Louis, MO USA. RP Shapiro-Mendoza, CK (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Maternal & Infant Hlth Branch, Div Reprod Hlth, Mailstop F-74,4770 Buford Highway NE, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM ayn9@cdc.gov FU Maternal and Infant Health Branch, Division of Reproductive Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Federal funds from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [GS07F67053R] FX FUNDING: This work was supported in part by the Maternal and Infant Health Branch, Division of Reproductive Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and in part by Federal funds from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention under contract GS07F67053R. NR 23 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 EI 1098-4275 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD JUL PY 2014 VL 134 IS 1 BP E210 EP E219 DI 10.1542/peds.2014-0180 PG 10 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA AK9UZ UT WOS:000338774800025 PM 24913798 ER PT J AU Yanamala, N Farcas, MT Hatfield, MK Kisin, ER Kagan, VE Geraci, CL Shvedova, AA AF Yanamala, Naveena Farcas, Mariana T. Hatfield, Meghan K. Kisin, Elena R. Kagan, Valerian E. Geraci, Charles L. Shvedova, Anna A. TI In Vivo Evaluation of the Pulmonary Toxicity of Cellulose Nanocrystals: A Renewable and Sustainable Nanomaterial of the Future SO ACS SUSTAINABLE CHEMISTRY & ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE Nanocellulose; Cellulose nanowhiskers; Nanofibers; Nanofiller ID WHISKERS; SUSPENSIONS; NANOFIBERS; ASBESTOS; BEHAVIOR; FIBERS; RATS AB The use of cellulose as building blocks for the development of novel functional materials is rapidly growing. Cellulose nanocrystals (CNC), with advantageous chemical and mechanical properties, have gained prominence in a number of applications, such as in nanofillers in polymer composites, building materials, cosmetics, food, and the drug industry. Therefore, it becomes critical to evaluate the potential health effects associated with CNC exposures. The objective of this study was to compare pulmonary outcomes caused by exposure of C57BL/6 mice to two different processed forms of CNC derived from wood, i.e., CNCS (10 wt %; gel/suspension) and CNCP (powder), and compare to asbestos induced responses. Pharyngeal aspiration with CNCS and CNCP was found to facilitate innate inflammatory response assessed by an increase in leukocytes and eosinophils recovered by bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL). Biomarkers of tissue damage were elevated to a higher extent in mice exposed to CNCP. Compared to CNCP, CNCS caused a significant increase in the accumulation of oxidatively modified proteins. The up-regulation of inflammatory cytokines was higher in the lungs after CNCS treatments. Most importantly, CNCP materials were significantly longer than CNCS. Taken together, our data suggests that particle morphology and nanosize dimensions of CNCs, regardless of the same source, may be critical factors affecting the type of innate immune inflammatory responses. Because various processes have been developed for producing highly sophisticated nanocellulose materials, detailed assessment of specific health outcomes with respect to their physical-structural-chemical properties is highly warranted. C1 [Yanamala, Naveena; Farcas, Mariana T.; Hatfield, Meghan K.; Kisin, Elena R.; Shvedova, Anna A.] NIOSH, Pathol & Physiol Res Branch, CDC, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Shvedova, Anna A.] W Virginia Univ, Dept Physiol & Pharmacol, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Kagan, Valerian E.] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Environm & Occupat Hlth, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. [Geraci, Charles L.] NIOSH, Educ & Informat Div, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. RP Shvedova, AA (reprint author), NIOSH, Pathol & Physiol Res Branch, CDC, 944 Chestnut Ridge Rd, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM ats1@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 30 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 11 U2 49 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 2168-0485 J9 ACS SUSTAIN CHEM ENG JI ACS Sustain. Chem. Eng. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 2 IS 7 BP 1691 EP 1698 DI 10.1021/sc500153k PG 8 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Engineering GA AK9LK UT WOS:000338748400020 PM 26753107 ER PT J AU Mbogo, GW Nankoberanyi, S Tukwasibwe, S Baliraine, FN Nsobya, SL Conrad, MD Arinaitwe, E Kamya, M Tapper, J Staedke, SG Dorsey, G Greenhouse, B Rosenthal, PJ AF Mbogo, George W. Nankoberanyi, Sheila Tukwasibwe, Stephen Baliraine, Frederick N. Nsobya, Samuel L. Conrad, Melissa D. Arinaitwe, Emmanuel Kamya, Moses Tapper, Jordan Staedke, Sarah G. Dorsey, Grant Greenhouse, Bryan Rosenthal, Philip J. TI Temporal Changes in Prevalence of Molecular Markers Mediating Antimalarial Drug Resistance in a High Malaria Transmission Setting in Uganda SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID UNCOMPLICATED FALCIPARUM-MALARIA; PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM; ARTEMETHER-LUMEFANTRINE; SULFADOXINE-PYRIMETHAMINE; COMBINATION THERAPY; CHLOROQUINE RESISTANCE; DIHYDROFOLATE-REDUCTASE; RANDOMIZED-TRIAL; POLYMORPHISMS; ARTEMISININ AB Standard therapy for malaria in Uganda changed from chloroquine to chloroquine + sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine in 2000, and artemether-lumefantrine in 2004, although implementation of each change was slow. Plasmodium falciparum genetic polymorphisms are associated with alterations in drug sensitivity. We followed the prevalence of drug resistance-mediating P. falciparum polymorphisms in 982 samples from Tororo, a region of high transmission intensity, collected from three successive treatment trials conducted during 2003-2012, excluding samples with known recent prior treatment. Considering transporter mutations, prevalence of the mutant pfcrt 76T, pfmdr1 86Y, and pfmdr1 1246Y alleles decreased over time. Considering antifolate mutations, the prevalence of pfdhfr 511, 59R, and 108N, and pfdhps 437G and 540E were consistently high; pfdhfr 164L and pfdhps 581G were uncommon, but most prevalent during 2008-2010. Our data suggest sequential selective pressures as different treatments were implemented, and they highlight the importance of genetic surveillance as treatment policies change over time. C1 Infect Dis Res Collaborat, Kampala, Uganda. Le Tourneau Univ, Longview, TX USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global AIDS Program, Atlanta, GA USA. London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, London, England. [Rosenthal, Philip J.] Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. RP Rosenthal, PJ (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, Box 0811, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. EM prosenthal@medsfgh.ucsf.edu OI Greenhouse, Bryan/0000-0003-0287-9111 FU International Center of Excellence in Malaria Research grant [AI089674]; Fogarty International Center training grant [TW007375]; National Institutes of Health; Doris Duke Charitable Foundation; U.S. President's Emergency; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) [U62P024421]; National Center for HIV, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention; Global AIDS Program FX This study was funded by an International Center of Excellence in Malaria Research grant (AI089674) and a Fogarty International Center training grant (TW007375), both from the National Institutes of Health. Some study samples were from a trial supported by the Doris Duke Charitable Foundation; the U.S. President's Emergency. Plan for AIDS Relief; and Cooperative Agreement U62P024421 from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC); the National Center for HIV, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention; and the Global AIDS Program. The funders were not involved with study design, data analysis, or manuscript preparation. NR 52 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 EI 1476-1645 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 91 IS 1 BP 54 EP 61 DI 10.4269/ajtmh.13-0647 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA AK9MH UT WOS:000338750700010 PM 24799371 ER PT J AU Marcos, LA Shapley, NP Eberhard, M Epstein, JI Fox, LM Magill, A Nutman, TB AF Marcos, Luis A. Shapley, Nathan P. Eberhard, Mark Epstein, Jonathan I. Fox, LeAnne M. Magill, Alan Nutman, Thomas B. TI Case Report: Testicular Swelling Due to Lymphatic Filariasis after Brief Travel to Haiti SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID BANCROFTIAN FILARIASIS; ASSAY AB After 6 months of a trip to Haiti, a 25-year-old healthy man presented with a 6-week history of a very slow progressive intermittent bilateral testicular pain and swelling. The biopsies in both testicles revealed the presence of a dead filarial parasite. Polymerase chain reaction products of the DNA from the biopsy were shown to have a 100% identity to Wuchereria bancrofti. Despite being uncommon in travelers, this presentation of W. bancrofti highlights the possibility of acquiring W. bancrofti during short-term trips to highly endemic regions of the world (i.e., Haiti). C1 Hattiesburg Clin, Infect Dis, Hattiesburg, MS 39402 USA. Wesley Med Ctr, Urol Clin, Hattiesburg, MS USA. CDC, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Pathol, Baltimore, MD USA. Bill & Melinda Gates Fdn, Malaria Global Hlth Program, Seattle, WA USA. NIH, Parasit Dis Lab, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Marcos, LA (reprint author), Hattiesburg Clin, 4 Med Blvd, Hattiesburg, MS 39402 USA. EM marcoslrz@yahoo.com NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 EI 1476-1645 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 91 IS 1 BP 89 EP 91 DI 10.4269/ajtmh.14-0030 PG 3 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA AK9MH UT WOS:000338750700017 PM 24865674 ER PT J AU Tissera, H Amarasinghe, A De Silva, AD Kariyawasam, P Corbett, KS Katzelnick, L Tam, C Letson, GW Margolis, HS de Silva, AM AF Tissera, Hasitha Amarasinghe, Ananda De Silva, Aruna Dharshan Kariyawasam, Pradeep Corbett, Kizzmekia S. Katzelnick, Leah Tam, Clarence Letson, G. William Margolis, Harold S. de Silva, Aravinda M. TI Burden of Dengue Infection and Disease in a Pediatric Cohort in Urban Sri Lanka SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID LINKED-IMMUNOSORBENT-ASSAY; PRIMARY-SCHOOL CHILDREN; DRIED BLOOD SPOTS; VIRUS-INFECTION; KAMPHAENG PHET; EPIDEMIOLOGY; THAILAND; SURVEILLANCE; ANTIBODIES; INAPPARENT AB Dengue is the most significant arthropod-borne viral infection of humans. Persons infected with dengue viruses (DENV) have subclinical or clinically apparent infections ranging from undifferentiated fever to dengue hemorrhagic fever/shock syndrome. Although recent studies estimated that the Indian subcontinent has the greatest burden of DENV infection and disease worldwide, we do not have reliable, population-based estimates of the incidence of infection and disease in this region. The goal of this study was to follow-up a cohort of 800 children living in a heavily urbanized area of Colombo, Sri Lanka to obtain accurate estimates of the incidence of DENV infection and disease. Annual blood samples were obtained from all children to estimate dengue seroprevalence at enrollment and to identify children exposed to new DENV infections during the study year. Blood was also obtained from any child in whom fever developed over the course of the study year to identify clinically apparent DENV infections. At enrollment, dengue seroprevalence was 53.07%, which indicated high transmission in this population. Over the study year, the incidence of DENV infection and disease were 8.39 (95% confidence interval = 6.56-10.53) and 3.38 (95% confidence interval = 2.24-4.88), respectively, per 100 children per year. The ratio of clinically inapparent to apparent infections was 1.48. These results will be useful for obtaining more accurate estimates of the burden of dengue in the region and for making decisions about testing and introduction of vaccines. C1 Minist Hlth, Epidemiol Unit, Colombo, Sri Lanka. Genetech Res Inst, Colombo, Sri Lanka. Colombo Municipal Council, Dept Publ Hlth, Colombo, Sri Lanka. [de Silva, Aravinda M.] Univ N Carolina, Sch Med, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, London WC1, England. Pediat Dengue Vaccine Initiat Int Vaccine Inst, Seoul, South Korea. Univ Cambridge, Dept Zool, Cambridge, England. Natl Univ Singapore, Saw Swee Hock Sch Publ Hlth, Singapore 117548, Singapore. El Paso Cty Publ Hlth, Colorado Springs, CO USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Dengue Branch, San Juan, PR USA. RP de Silva, AM (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Sch Med, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, CB 7292, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. EM dr_korelege@yahoo.co.uk; desilva@med.unc.edu OI Tam, Clarence/0000-0003-1697-286X FU Pediatric Dengue Vaccine Initiative [23197]; National Institutes of Health (University of North Carolina Virology Training Grant) [T32AI007419]; National Institutes of Health (Initiative for Minority Student Development) [5R25GM055336] FX This study was supported by the Pediatric Dengue Vaccine Initiative through grant no. 23197 and partially supported by the National Institutes of Health (University of North Carolina Virology Training Grant T32AI007419 and Initiative for Minority Student Development grant no. 5R25GM055336 to Kizzmekia S. Corbett). NR 35 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 EI 1476-1645 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 91 IS 1 BP 132 EP 137 DI 10.4269/ajtmh.13-0540 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA AK9MH UT WOS:000338750700024 PM 24865684 ER PT J AU Bhuiyan, MU Luby, SP Zaman, RU Rahman, MW Sharker, MAY Hossain, MJ Rasul, CH Ekram, ARMS Rahman, M Sturm-Ramirez, K Azziz-Baumgartner, E Gurley, ES AF Bhuiyan, Mejbah Uddin Luby, Stephen P. Zaman, Rashid Uz Rahman, M. Waliur Sharker, M. A. Yushuf Hossain, M. Jahangir Rasul, Choudhury H. Ekram, A. R. M. Saifuddin Rahman, Mahmudur Sturm-Ramirez, Katharine Azziz-Baumgartner, Eduardo Gurley, Emily S. TI Incidence of and Risk Factors for Hospital-Acquired Diarrhea in Three Tertiary Care Public Hospitals in Bangladesh SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID ANTIBIOTIC-ASSOCIATED DIARRHEA; DIFFICILE-ASSOCIATED DIARRHEA; NOSOCOMIAL INFECTIONS; CLOSTRIDIUM-DIFFICILE; DEVELOPING-COUNTRIES; HEALTH-CARE; CHILDREN; MALNUTRITION; BURDEN; EPIDEMIOLOGY AB During April 2007-April 2010, surveillance physicians in adult and pediatric medicine wards of three tertiary public hospitals in Bangladesh identified patients who developed hospital-acquired diarrhea. We calculated incidence of hospital-acquired diarrhea. To identify risk factors, we compared these patients to randomly selected patients from the same wards who were admitted > 72 hours without having diarrhea. The incidence of hospital-acquired diarrhea was 4.8 cases per 1,000 patient-days. Children < 1 year of age were more likely to develop hospital-acquired diarrhea than older children. The risk of developing hospital-acquired diarrhea increased for each additional day of hospitalization beyond 72 hours, whereas exposure to antibiotics within 72 hours of admission decreased the risk. There were three deaths among case-patients; all were infants. Patients, particularly young children, are at risk for hospital-acquired diarrhea and associated deaths in Bangladeshi hospitals. Further research to identify the responsible organisms and transmission routes could inform prevention strategies. C1 [Bhuiyan, Mejbah Uddin; Luby, Stephen P.; Zaman, Rashid Uz; Rahman, M. Waliur; Sharker, M. A. Yushuf; Hossain, M. Jahangir; Sturm-Ramirez, Katharine; Azziz-Baumgartner, Eduardo; Gurley, Emily S.] Icddr B, Ctr Communicable Dis, Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh. [Luby, Stephen P.; Sturm-Ramirez, Katharine; Azziz-Baumgartner, Eduardo] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Atlanta, GA USA. [Rasul, Choudhury H.] Khulna Med Coll Hosp, Khulna, Bangladesh. [Ekram, A. R. M. Saifuddin] Rajshahi Med Coll Hosp, Rajshahi, Bangladesh. [Rahman, Mahmudur] IEDCR, Dhaka, Bangladesh. RP Bhuiyan, MU (reprint author), Icddr B, Ctr Communicable Dis, 68 Shaheed Tajuddin Ahmed Sarani, Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh. EM mejbah@icddrb.org; sluby@stanford.edu; zaman.rashid@gmail.com; mwrahman@gmail.com; mayushuf@gmail.com; jhossain@mrc.gm; rasulch@gmail.com; Armsaifuddin.Ekram@mh.org.au; mrahman@citechco.net; ksturm@icddrb.org; sluby@stanford.edu; egurley@icddrb.org RI Gurley, Emily/B-7903-2010; OI Gurley, Emily/0000-0002-8648-9403; Luby, Stephen/0000-0001-5385-899X FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) [U01 CI000298] FX This research activity was funded by Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), under cooperative agreement U01 CI000298. icddr,b acknowledges with gratitude the commitment of the CDC to its research efforts. NR 41 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 EI 1476-1645 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 91 IS 1 BP 165 EP 172 DI 10.4269/ajtmh.13-0484 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA AK9MH UT WOS:000338750700029 PM 24778198 ER PT J AU Zemtsova, GE Watkins, NE Levin, ML AF Zemtsova, Galina E. Watkins, Norman E., Jr. Levin, Michael L. TI Multiplex qPCR Assay for Identification and Differentiation of Amblyomma americanum, Amblyomma cajennense, and Amblyomma maculatum (Ixodida: Ixodidae) Tick Species in the Eastern United States SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Amblyomma spp.; Amblyomma americanum; Amblyomma cajennense; Amblyomma maculatum; multiplex qPCR ID REAL-TIME PCR; RIBOSOMAL DNA; SPOTTED-FEVER; ACARI; KEY; CHARACTERS; SEQUENCES; DISEASES; RECORDS; HUMANS AB Many ticks of the genus Amblyomma are vectors of human pathogens, and the correct species identification is medically and epidemiologically important. Morphological identification is time-consuming and requires a high level of expertise. Identification of engorged, immature, or damaged ticks and the differentiation of closely related species remain problematic. Here, we report the development of a real-time TaqMan assay for the genomic identification and differentiation of Amblyomma americanum (L.), Amblyomma cajennense (F.), and Amblyomma maculatum (Koch), which are human-biting species found in the eastern United States. New species-specific sets of oligonucleotides for the multiplex reaction that detect and differentiate the ITS2 genomic regions of three target species were designed using Visual OMP; the previously published A. americanum oligonucleotide set was also incorporated into our assay. Specificity and sensitivity tests for two multiplex master mixes using different A. americanum sets were performed using individual and pooled samples of adult, nymphal, and larval ticks, and optimization procedures were applied. The multiplex assay successfully differentiates between genomes of three target species and does not cross-react with DNAs of ticks from other genera. Rare cases of nonspecific amplification occurred with DNAs of A. imitator and Amblyomma triste Koch misidentified as A. americanum and A. maculatum, respectively. However, this cross-reaction does not diminish the usefulness of the developed assay east of the 95th meridian, where neither A. imitator nor A. triste are found. Two master mixes incorporating the previously published or newly developed A. americanum sets are being recommended for identification of individual ticks or pooled samples, respectively. C1 [Zemtsova, Galina E.; Levin, Michael L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Rickettsial Zoonoses Branch, Atlanta, GA 30029 USA. [Watkins, Norman E., Jr.] DNA Software Inc, Ann Arbor, MI 48104 USA. RP Zemtsova, GE (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Rickettsial Zoonoses Branch, Atlanta, GA 30029 USA. EM GZemtsova@cdc.gov NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 8 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI ANNAPOLIS PA 3 PARK PLACE, STE 307, ANNAPOLIS, MD 21401-3722 USA SN 0022-2585 EI 1938-2928 J9 J MED ENTOMOL JI J. Med. Entomol. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 51 IS 4 BP 795 EP 803 DI 10.1603/ME13221 PG 9 WC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences SC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences GA AL0TW UT WOS:000338840700009 PM 25118411 ER PT J AU Grasperge, BJ Morgan, TW Paddock, CD Peterson, KE Macaluso, KR AF Grasperge, Britton J. Morgan, Timothy W. Paddock, Christopher D. Peterson, Karin E. Macaluso, Kevin R. TI Feeding by Amblyomma maculatum (Acari: Ixodidae) Enhances Rickettsia parkeri (Rickettsiales: Rickettsiaceae) Infection in the Skin SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Rickettsia; Amblyomma; tick-borne; C3H/HeJ ID SPOTTED-FEVER GROUP; MOUNTAIN WOOD TICK; UNITED-STATES; DERMACENTOR-ANDERSONI; BORRELIA-BURGDORFERI; DENDRITIC CELLS; RECEPTOR 4; INBRED MICE; TRANSMISSION; PROTEIN AB Rickettsia parkeri Luckman (Rickettsiales: Rickettsiaceae), a member of the spotted fever group of Rickettsia, is the tick-borne causative agent of a newly recognized, eschar-associated rickettsiosis. Because of its relatively recent designation as a pathogen, few studies have examined the pathogenesis of transmission of R. parkeri to the vertebrate host. To further elucidate the role of tick feeding in rickettsial infection of vertebrates, nymphal Amblyomma maculatum Koch (Acari: Ixodidae) were fed on C3H/HeJ mice intradermally inoculated with R. parkeri (Portsmouth strain). The ticks were allowed to feed to repletion, at which time samples were taken for histopathology, immunohistochemistry (IHC), quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) for rickettsial quantification, and reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) for expression of Itgax, Mcp1, and Il1 beta. The group of mice that received intradermal inoculation of R. parkeri with tick feeding displayed significant increases in rickettsial load and IHC staining, but not in cytokine expression, when compared with the group of mice that received intradermal inoculation of R. parkeri without tick feeding. Tick feeding alone was associated with histopathologic changes in the skin, but these changes, and particularly vascular pathology, were more pronounced in the skin of mice inoculated previously with R. parkeri and followed by tick feeding. The marked differences in IHC staining and qPCR for the R. parkeri with tick feeding group strongly suggest an important role for tick feeding in the early establishment of rickettsial infection in the skin. C1 [Grasperge, Britton J.; Macaluso, Kevin R.] Louisiana State Univ, Sch Vet Med, Dept Pathobiol Sci, Vector Borne Dis Labs, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Morgan, Timothy W.] Mississippi State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Pathobiol & Populat Med, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Paddock, Christopher D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Infect Dis Pathol Branch, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Peterson, Karin E.] NIAID, Rocky Mt Labs, NIH, Hamilton, MT 59840 USA. RP Grasperge, BJ (reprint author), Louisiana State Univ, Sch Vet Med, Dept Pathobiol Sci, Vector Borne Dis Labs, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. EM bgrasp1@tigers.lsu.edu RI Peterson, Karin/D-1492-2016; OI Peterson, Karin/0000-0003-4177-7249; Grasperge, Britton/0000-0001-5592-9413 FU National Institutes of Health [AI077784, OD011124] FX We thank Michael T. Kearney for his assistance with statistical analysis, also, the members of the Macaluso laboratory for their technical assistance. This work was supported by the National Institutes of Health (AI077784 and OD011124). This work was also part of B. Grasperge's doctoral dissertation. NR 40 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 3 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI ANNAPOLIS PA 3 PARK PLACE, STE 307, ANNAPOLIS, MD 21401-3722 USA SN 0022-2585 EI 1938-2928 J9 J MED ENTOMOL JI J. Med. Entomol. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 51 IS 4 BP 855 EP 863 DI 10.1603/ME13248 PG 9 WC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences SC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences GA AL0TW UT WOS:000338840700017 PM 25118419 ER PT J AU Killmaster, LF Loftis, AD Zemtsova, GE Levin, ML AF Killmaster, L. F. Loftis, A. D. Zemtsova, G. E. Levin, M. L. TI Detection of Bacterial Agents in Amblyomma americanum (Acari: Ixodidae) From Georgia, USA, and the Use of a Multiplex Assay to Differentiate Ehrlichia chaffeensis and Ehrlichia ewingii SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Amblyomma americanum; multiplex; Ehrlichia; Rickettsia; Borrelia ID FEVER GROUP RICKETTSIAE; FRAGMENT-LENGTH-POLYMORPHISM; PCR-AMPLIFIED DNA; NEW-JERSEY; TICKS; BORRELIA; PREVALENCE; IDENTIFICATION; TRANSMISSION; INFECTIONS AB Amblyomma americanum, the lone star tick, is the most common and most aggressive human biting tick in the Southeastern United States. It is known to transmit the agents of human ehrlichioses, Ehrlichia chaffeensis and Ehrlichia ewingii. In addition, it carries agents of unspecified pathogenicity to humans, including Rickettsia amblyommii, Borrelia lonestari, and the newly emerging Panola Mountain Ehrlichia (PME). Surveillance of these ticks for recognized or emerging pathogens is necessary for assessing the risk of human infection. From 2005 to 2009, we surveyed A. americanum ticks from four locations in the state of Georgia. Ticks (1,183 adults, 2,954 nymphs, and 99 larval batches) were tested using a multiplex real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay designed to detect and discriminate DNA from Rickettsia spp., E. chaffeensis, and E. ewingii. This assay was capable of detecting as few as 10 gene copies of the aforementioned agents. Ticks were also tested for PME and B. lonestari by nested PCR. The prevalence of infection ranged from 0 to 2.5% for E. chaffeensis, 0 to 3.9% for E. ewingii, 0 to 2.2% for PME, 17 to 83.1% for R. amblyommii, and 0 to 3.1% for B. lonestari. There were 46 (4.1%) individual adults positive for two agents, and two females that were each positive for three agents. Two larval batches were positive for both B. lonestari and R. amblyommii, indicating the potential for transovarial transmission of both agents from a single female. Although infrequent in occurrence, the dynamics of coinfections in individual ticks should be explored further, given the potential implications for differential diagnosis and severity of human illness. C1 [Killmaster, L. F.; Loftis, A. D.; Zemtsova, G. E.; Levin, M. L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Rickettsial Zoonoses Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Levin, ML (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Rickettsial Zoonoses Branch, 1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM MLevin@cdc.gov NR 23 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 6 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI ANNAPOLIS PA 3 PARK PLACE, STE 307, ANNAPOLIS, MD 21401-3722 USA SN 0022-2585 EI 1938-2928 J9 J MED ENTOMOL JI J. Med. Entomol. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 51 IS 4 BP 868 EP 872 DI 10.1603/ME13225 PG 5 WC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences SC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences GA AL0TW UT WOS:000338840700019 PM 25118421 ER PT J AU Suryaprasad, A Redd, JT Ricks, PM Podewils, LJ Brett, M Oski, J Minenna, W Armao, F Vize, BJ Cheek, JE AF Suryaprasad, Anil Redd, John T. Ricks, Philip M. Podewils, Laura Jean Brett, Meghan Oski, Jane Minenna, Wanda Armao, Frank Vize, Barbara J. Cheek, James E. TI Effect of Rapid Influenza Diagnostic Testing on Antiviral Treatment Decisions for Patients with Influenza-Like Illness: Southwestern US, May-December 2009 SO PUBLIC HEALTH REPORTS LA English DT Article ID A H1N1 VIRUS; UNITED-STATES; INFECTION AB Rapid influenza diagnostic tests (RIDTs) had low test sensitivity for detecting 2009 pandemic influenza A (H1N1pdm09) infection, causing public health authorities to recommend that treatment decisions be based primarily upon risk for influenza complications. We used multivariate Poisson regression analysis to estimate the contribution of RIDT results and risk for H1N1pdm09 complications to receipt of early antiviral (AV) treatment among 290 people with influenza-like illness (ILI) who received an RIDT hours after symptom onset from May to December 2009 at four southwestern U.S. facilities. RIDT results had a stronger association with receipt of early AVs (rate ratio [RR] = 3.3, 95% confidence interval [Cl] 2.4, 4.6) than did the presence of risk factors for H1N1pdm09 complications (age <5 years or high-risk medical conditions) (RR=1.9, 95% Cl 1.3, 2.7). Few at-risk people (28/126, 22%) who had a negative RIDT received early AVs, suggesting the need for sustained efforts by public health to influence clinician practices. C1 [Suryaprasad, Anil] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Sci Educ & Profess Dev Program Off Proposed, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Redd, John T.; Cheek, James E.] Indian Hlth Serv, Div Epidemiol & Dis Prevent, Albuquerque, NM USA. [Ricks, Philip M.; Podewils, Laura Jean] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Div TB Eliminat, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Brett, Meghan] Univ New Mexico, Sch Med, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Oski, Jane] Tuba City Reg Hlth Care Corp, Tuba City, AZ USA. [Minenna, Wanda] Indian Hlth Serv, Whiteriver Serv Unit, Whiteriver, AZ USA. [Armao, Frank] Winslow Indian Hlth Care Ctr, Winslow, AZ USA. [Vize, Barbara J.] Sells Indian Hlth Serv Hosp, Sells, AZ USA. RP Suryaprasad, A (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Sci Educ & Profess Dev Program Off Proposed, Epidem Intelligence Serv, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS G-37, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM asuryaprasad@cdc.gov FU Indian Health Service (IHS); Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) FX This study was supported by the Indian Health Service (IHS) and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). This investigation was part of an emergency public health response to the pandemic and underwent human subjects review by IHS, tribal authorities, and CDC. It was deemed not to be research in accordance with Federal Regulations 46.101c and 46.102d and CDC's Guidelines for Defining Public Health Research and Public Health Non-Research. NR 18 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC SCHOOLS PUBLIC HEALTH PI WASHINGTON PA 1900 M ST NW, STE 710, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0033-3549 J9 PUBLIC HEALTH REP JI Public Health Rep. PD JUL-AUG PY 2014 VL 129 IS 4 BP 322 EP 327 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AK8PG UT WOS:000338689700007 PM 24982534 ER PT J AU Mdodo, R Thomas, PE Walker, A Chavez, P Ethridge, S Orara, E Sutton, MY AF Mdodo, Rennatus Thomas, Peter E. Walker, Anissa Chavez, Pollyanna Ethridge, Steven Orara, Emeka Sutton, Madeline Y. TI Rapid HIV Testing at Gay Pride Events to Reach Previously Untested MSM: US, 2009-2010 SO PUBLIC HEALTH REPORTS LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; YOUNG MEN; INFECTION; DISPARITIES; SEX; METAANALYSIS; BLACK; PREVENTION; CITIES; RISK AB We offered rapid HIV testing at social events frequented by young men who have sex with men (MSM), a group disproportionately affected by the HIV epidemic. We tested 1,312 MSM; of those MSM, 1,072 (81.7%) reported HIV testing history. Of those reporting HIV testing history, 550 (51.3%) were non-Hispanic black and 404 (37.7%) were aged <25 years. One hundred twenty-eight (11.9%) had never tested for HIV; 77 (7.2%) were preliminarily positive, with 15 (19.5%) being first-time testers. Factors associated with no previous HIV test included young age (13-24 years) (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 3.5, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.9, 6.5) and non-Hispanic black (AOR=3.2, 95% CI 1.6, 6.4) or Hispanic (AOR=2.8, 95% CI 1.2, 6.3) race/ethnicity. HIV testing at Gay Pride events reaches young, previously untested MSM. This venue-based HIV testing approach at nonclinical sociocultural events is an additional strategy for HIV prevention goals to increase the number of people aware of their HIV infection with subsequent linkage to HIV care. C1 [Mdodo, Rennatus; Thomas, Peter E.; Walker, Anissa; Chavez, Pollyanna; Ethridge, Steven; Orara, Emeka; Sutton, Madeline Y.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Orara, Emeka] ICF Int, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Sutton, MY (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS E-45, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM msutton@cdc.gov NR 28 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 4 PU ASSOC SCHOOLS PUBLIC HEALTH PI WASHINGTON PA 1900 M ST NW, STE 710, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0033-3549 J9 PUBLIC HEALTH REP JI Public Health Rep. PD JUL-AUG PY 2014 VL 129 IS 4 BP 328 EP 334 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AK8PG UT WOS:000338689700008 PM 24982535 ER PT J AU Cohen, SM Gray, KM Ocfemia, MCB Johnson, AS Hall, HI AF Cohen, Stacy M. Gray, Kristen Mahle Ocfemia, M. Cheryl Banez Johnson, Anna Satcher Hall, H. Irene TI The Status of the National HIV Surveillance System, United States, 2013 SO PUBLIC HEALTH REPORTS LA English DT Article ID RETENTION; CARE AB The burden of HIV disease in the United States is monitored by using a comprehensive surveillance system. Data from this system are used at the federal, state, and local levels to plan, implement, and evaluate public health policies and programs. Implementation of HIV reporting has differed by area, and for the first time in early 2013, estimated data on diagnosed HIV infection were available from all 50 states, the District of Columbia, and six U.S. dependent areas. The newly available data for the entire U.S. as well as several other key changes to the surveillance system support the need to provide an updated summary of the status of the National HIV Surveillance System. C1 [Cohen, Stacy M.; Gray, Kristen Mahle; Ocfemia, M. Cheryl Banez; Johnson, Anna Satcher; Hall, H. Irene] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Cohen, SM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS E-47, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM fsk5@cdc.gov NR 26 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASSOC SCHOOLS PUBLIC HEALTH PI WASHINGTON PA 1900 M ST NW, STE 710, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0033-3549 J9 PUBLIC HEALTH REP JI Public Health Rep. PD JUL-AUG PY 2014 VL 129 IS 4 BP 335 EP 341 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AK8PG UT WOS:000338689700009 PM 24982536 ER PT J AU Podewils, LJ Alexy, E Driver, SJ Cheek, JE Holman, RC Haberling, D Brett, M McCray, E Redd, JT AF Podewils, Laura Jean Alexy, Emily Driver, Stephani Jean Cheek, James E. Holman, Robert C. Haberling, Dana Brett, Meghan McCray, Eugene Redd, John T. TI Understanding the Burden of Tuberculosis Among American Indians/Alaska Natives in the US: A Validation Study SO PUBLIC HEALTH REPORTS LA English DT Article ID COMPLETENESS; INFECTIONS; SURVEILLANCE AB Objective. We validated cases of active tuberculosis (TB) recorded in the Indian Health Service (IHS) National Patient Information Reporting System (NPIRS) and evaluated the completeness of TB case reporting from IHS facilities to state health departments. Methods. We reviewed the medical records of American Indian/Alaska Native (AI/AN) patients at IHS health facilities who were classified as having active TB using International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification (ICD-9-CM) diagnostic codes from 2006 to 2009 for clinical and laboratory evidence of TB disease. Individuals were reclassified as having active TB disease; recent latent TB infection (LTBI); past positive tuberculin skin test (TST) only; or as having no evidence of TB, LTBI, or a past positive TST. We compared validated active TB cases with corresponding state records to determine if they were reported. Results. The study included 596 patients with active TB as per ICD-9-CM codes. Based on chart review, 111 (18.6%) had active TB; 156 (26.2%) had LTBI; 104 (17.4%) had a past positive TST; and 221 (37.1%) had no evidence of TB disease, LTBI, or a past positive TST. Of the 111 confirmed cases of active TB, 89 (80.2%) resided in participating states; 81 of 89 (91.2%) were verified as reported TB cases. Conclusions. ICD-9-CM codes for active TB disease in the IHS NPIRS do not accurately reflect the burden of TB among AI/ANs. Most confirmed active TB cases in the IHS health system were reported to the state; the national TB surveillance system may accurately represent the burden of TB in the AI/AN population. C1 [Podewils, Laura Jean; Alexy, Emily; Driver, Stephani Jean] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Div TB Eliminat, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Alexy, Emily; Driver, Stephani Jean] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Cheek, James E.; Haberling, Dana; Brett, Meghan] Indian Hlth Serv, Div Epidemiol & Dis Prevent, Albuquerque, NM USA. [Cheek, James E.; Brett, Meghan] Univ New Mexico, Hlth Sci Ctr, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Holman, Robert C.; Redd, John T.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [McCray, Eugene; Redd, John T.] Indian Hlth Serv, Santa Fe, NM USA. RP Podewils, LJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Div TB Eliminat, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS E-10, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM lpp8@cdc.gov NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASSOC SCHOOLS PUBLIC HEALTH PI WASHINGTON PA 1900 M ST NW, STE 710, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0033-3549 J9 PUBLIC HEALTH REP JI Public Health Rep. PD JUL-AUG PY 2014 VL 129 IS 4 BP 351 EP 360 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AK8PG UT WOS:000338689700011 PM 24982538 ER PT J AU Clyne, M Schully, SD Dotson, WD Douglas, MP Gwinn, M Kolor, K Wulf, A Bowen, MS Khoury, MJ AF Clyne, Mindy Schully, Sheri D. Dotson, W. David Douglas, Michael P. Gwinn, Marta Kolor, Katherine Wulf, Anja Bowen, M. Scott Khoury, Muin J. TI Horizon scanning for translational genomic research beyond bench to bedside SO GENETICS IN MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE genomic medicine; horizon scanning; public health; surveillance; translational research ID MEDICINE; PREVENTION; UTILITY; DISEASE; FUTURE; TESTS; CARE AB Purpose: The dizzying pace of genomic discoveries is leading to an increasing number of clinical applications. In this report, we provide a method for horizon scanning and 1 year data on translational research beyond bench to bedside to assess the validity, utility, implementation, and outcomes of such applications. Methods: We compiled cross-sectional results of ongoing horizon scanning of translational genomic research, conducted between 16 May 2012 and 15 May 2013, based on a weekly, systematic query of PubMed. A set of 505 beyond bench to bedside articles were collected and classified, including 312 original research articles; 123 systematic and other reviews; 38 clinical guidelines, policies, and recommendations; and 32 articles describing tools, decision support, and educational materials. Results: Most articles (62%) addressed a specific genomic test or other health application; almost half of these (n = 180) were related to cancer. We estimate that these publications account for 0.5% of reported human genomics and genetics research during the same time. Conclusion: These data provide baseline information to track the evolving knowledge base and gaps in genomic medicine. Continuous horizon scanning of the translational genomics literature is crucial for an evidence-based translation of genomics discoveries into improved health care and disease prevention. C1 [Clyne, Mindy] Kelly Serv, Troy, MI 48084 USA. [Clyne, Mindy; Schully, Sheri D.; Khoury, Muin J.] NCI, Epidemiol & Genom Res Program, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Dotson, W. David; Douglas, Michael P.; Gwinn, Marta; Kolor, Katherine; Wulf, Anja; Bowen, M. Scott; Khoury, Muin J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Publ Hlth Genom, Atlanta, GA USA. [Douglas, Michael P.; Gwinn, Marta] McKing Consulting Corp, Atlanta, GA USA. [Wulf, Anja] Cadence Grp, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Clyne, M (reprint author), Kelly Serv, Troy, MI 48084 USA. EM mindy.dyne@nih.gov OI Dotson, William David/0000-0002-9606-6594 FU Intramural NIH HHS [Z99 CA999999] NR 19 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 13 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1098-3600 EI 1530-0366 J9 GENET MED JI Genet. Med. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 16 IS 7 BP 535 EP 538 DI 10.1038/gim.2013.184 PG 4 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA AK7IG UT WOS:000338601400007 PM 24406461 ER PT J AU Sabatino, S Thompson, TD Wu, XC Fleming, ST Kimmick, GG Trentham-Dietz, A Cress, R Anderson, RT AF Sabatino, Susan A. Thompson, Trevor D. Wu, Xiao-Cheng Fleming, Steven T. Kimmick, Gretchen G. Trentham-Dietz, Amy Cress, Rosemary Anderson, Roger T. TI The influence of diabetes severity on receipt of guideline-concordant treatment for breast cancer SO BREAST CANCER RESEARCH AND TREATMENT LA English DT Article DE Breast cancer; Diabetes; Cancer treatment; Surgery; Radiation; Chemotherapy; Hormonal therapy ID CONSERVING SURGERY; OLDER WOMEN; ADJUVANT CHEMOTHERAPY; SYSTEMIC THERAPY; ELDERLY-PATIENTS; MELLITUS; COMORBIDITY; SURVIVAL; MORTALITY; IMPACT AB Diabetes severity may influence breast cancer treatment choices. We examined whether receipt of guideline-concordant breast cancer treatment varied with diabetes severity. Cancer registry data from seven states regarding 6,912 stage I-III breast cancers were supplemented by medical record abstraction and physician verification. We used logistic regression models to examine associations of diabetes severity with guideline-concordant locoregional treatment, adjuvant chemotherapy, and hormonal therapy adjusted for sociodemographics, comorbidity, and tumor characteristics. We defined guideline concordance using National Comprehensive Cancer Network guidelines, and diabetes and comorbidities using the Adult Comorbidity Evaluation-27 index. After adjustment, there was significant interaction of diabetes severity with age for locoregional treatment (p = 0.001), with many diabetic women under age 70 less frequently receiving guideline-concordant treatment than non-diabetic women. Among similarly aged women, guideline concordance was lower for women with mild diabetes in their late fifties through mid-sixties, and with moderate/severe diabetes in their late forties to early sixties. Among women in their mid-seventies to early eighties, moderate/severe diabetes was associated with increased guideline concordance. For adjuvant chemotherapy, moderate/severe diabetes was less frequently associated with guideline concordance than no diabetes [OR 0.58 (95 % CI 0.36-0.94)]. Diabetes was not associated with guideline-concordant hormonal treatment (p = 0.929). Some diabetic women were less likely to receive guideline-concordant treatment for stage I-III breast cancer than non-diabetic women. Diabetes severity was associated with lower guideline concordance for locoregional treatment among middle-aged women, and lower guideline concordance for adjuvant chemotherapy. Differences were not explained by comorbidity and may contribute to potentially worse breast cancer outcomes. C1 [Sabatino, Susan A.; Thompson, Trevor D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Wu, Xiao-Cheng] LSU Hlth Sci Ctr, Sch Publ Hlth, Program Epidemiol, New Orleans, LA USA. [Fleming, Steven T.] Univ Kentucky, Coll Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Lexington, KY USA. [Kimmick, Gretchen G.] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Multidisciplinary Breast Program, Durham, NC USA. [Trentham-Dietz, Amy] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Populat Hlth Sci, Madison, WI USA. [Trentham-Dietz, Amy] Univ Wisconsin, Paul P Carbone Comprehens Canc Ctr, Madison, WI USA. [Cress, Rosemary] Canc Registry Greater Calif, Inst Publ Hlth, Sacramento, CA USA. [Cress, Rosemary] UC Davis Sch Med, Dept Publ Hlth Sci, Davis, CA USA. [Anderson, Roger T.] Penn State Coll Med, Hershey, PA USA. RP Sabatino, S (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, 4770 Buford Highway MS F76, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM ssabatino@cdc.gov FU CDC FX The data used for this publication were collected by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's (CDC) National Program of Cancer Registries (NPCR) Patterns of Care Study for Breast and Prostate Cancers (POCBP), which was funded by CDC through cooperative agreements with the participating state cancer registries. Dr. Sabatino and Mr. Thompson are employees of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. This manuscript is written on behalf of the POCBP Group. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 41 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0167-6806 EI 1573-7217 J9 BREAST CANCER RES TR JI Breast Cancer Res. Treat. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 146 IS 1 BP 199 EP 209 DI 10.1007/s10549-014-2998-3 PG 11 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA AK1ZW UT WOS:000338219300021 PM 24899083 ER PT J AU Cohen, AL Hellferscee, O Pretorius, M Treurnicht, F Walaza, S Madhi, S Groome, M Dawood, H Variava, E Kahn, K Wolter, N von Gottberg, A Tempia, S Venter, M Cohen, C AF Cohen, Adam L. Hellferscee, Orienka Pretorius, Marthi Treurnicht, Florette Walaza, Sibongile Madhi, Shabir Groome, Michelle Dawood, Halima Variava, Ebrahim Kahn, Kathleen Wolter, Nicole von Gottberg, Anne Tempia, Stefano Venter, Marietjie Cohen, Cheryl TI Epidemiology of Influenza Virus Types and Subtypes in South Africa, 2009-2012 SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID 1ST POSTPANDEMIC SEASON; A H1N1 VIRUS; A(H1N1)PDM09 INFECTION; SEVERITY; TIME; MORTALITY; CHILDREN; DISEASE AB To determine clinical and epidemiologic differences between influenza caused by different virus types and subtypes, we identified patients and tested specimens. Patients were children and adults hospitalized with confirmed influenza and severe acute respiratory illness (SARI) identified through active, prospective, hospital-based surveillance from 2009-2012 in South Africa. Respiratory specimens were tested, typed, and subtyped for influenza virus by PCR. Of 16,005 SARI patients tested, 1,239 (8%) were positive for influenza virus. Patient age and co-infections varied according to virus type and subtype, but disease severity did not. Case-patients with influenza B were more likely than patients with influenza A to be HIV infected. A higher proportion of case-patients infected during the first wave of the 2009 influenza pandemic were 5-24 years of age (19%) than were patients infected during the second wave (9%). Although clinical differences exist, treatment recommendations do not differ according to subtype; prevention through vaccination is recommended. C1 [Cohen, Adam L.; Tempia, Stefano; Venter, Marietjie] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Cohen, Adam L.; Tempia, Stefano; Venter, Marietjie] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Pretoria, South Africa. [Hellferscee, Orienka; Pretorius, Marthi; Treurnicht, Florette; Walaza, Sibongile; Wolter, Nicole; von Gottberg, Anne; Tempia, Stefano; Venter, Marietjie; Cohen, Cheryl] Natl Inst Communicable Dis, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Madhi, Shabir; Groome, Michelle; Kahn, Kathleen; Wolter, Nicole; von Gottberg, Anne; Cohen, Cheryl] Univ Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Madhi, Shabir; Groome, Michelle] MRC, Resp & Meningeal Pathogens Res Unit, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Dawood, Halima] Pietermaritzburg Metropolitan Hosp Complex, Pietermaritzburg, South Africa. [Dawood, Halima] Univ KwaZulu Natal, Durban, South Africa. [Variava, Ebrahim] Klerksdorp Tshepong Hosp, Klerksdorp, South Africa. [Kahn, Kathleen] Umea Univ, Umea, Sweden. [Kahn, Kathleen] INDEPTH Network, Accra, Ghana. [Venter, Marietjie] Univ Pretoria, ZA-0002 Pretoria, South Africa. RP Cohen, AL (reprint author), US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent South Africa, POB 9536, ZA-0001 Pretoria, South Africa. EM dvj1@cdc.gov RI Venter, Marietjie/P-9604-2016 OI Venter, Marietjie/0000-0003-2696-824X FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA; National Institute for Communicable Diseases, Johannesburg, South Africa FX This work was supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA, and the National Institute for Communicable Diseases, Johannesburg, South Africa. NR 26 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 8 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 EI 1080-6059 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD JUL PY 2014 VL 20 IS 7 BP 1162 EP 1169 DI 10.3201/eid2007.131869 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA AK4JB UT WOS:000338389900009 PM 24960314 ER PT J AU Paniz-Mondolfi, AE Garate, T Stavropoulos, C Fan, W Gonzalez, LM Eberhard, M Kimmelstiel, F Sordillo, EM AF Enrique Paniz-Mondolfi, Alberto Garate, Teresa Stavropoulos, Christine Fan, Wen Miguel Gonzalez, Luis Eberhard, Mark Kimmelstiel, Fred Sordillo, Emilia Mia TI Zoonotic Filariasis Caused by Novel Brugia sp Nematode, United States, 2011 SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Letter ID HUMAN INFECTION; AMERICA C1 [Enrique Paniz-Mondolfi, Alberto] Yale Univ, Sch Med, New Haven, CT USA. [Enrique Paniz-Mondolfi, Alberto; Stavropoulos, Christine; Fan, Wen; Kimmelstiel, Fred; Sordillo, Emilia Mia] Columbia Univ Coll Phys & Surg, St Lukes Roosevelt Hosp Ctr, New York, NY 10032 USA. [Enrique Paniz-Mondolfi, Alberto] Inst Venezolano Seguros Sociales, Serv Autonomo Inst Biomed, Caracas, Venezuela. [Garate, Teresa; Miguel Gonzalez, Luis] Inst Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain. [Eberhard, Mark] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Paniz-Mondolfi, AE (reprint author), Yale New Haven Med Ctr, Microbiol Lab PS656, 55 Pk St, New Haven, CT 06511 USA. EM albertopaniz@yahoo.com NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 EI 1080-6059 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD JUL PY 2014 VL 20 IS 7 BP 1248 EP 1250 DI 10.3201/eid2007.131654 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA AK4JB UT WOS:000338389900031 PM 24963722 ER PT J AU Gouandijka-Vasilache, I Manirakiza, A Gody, JC Banga-Mingo, V Kongombe, OO Esona, MD Bowen, MD Waku-Kouomou, D AF Gouandijka-Vasilache, Ionela Manirakiza, Alexandre Gody, Jean Chrysostom Banga-Mingo, Virginie Kongombe, Odilon Omon Esona, Mathew D. Bowen, Michael D. Waku-Kouomou, Diane TI Rotavirus Epidemiology in Bangui, Central African Republic, 2008 SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Letter ID CHILDREN; DIARRHEA C1 [Gouandijka-Vasilache, Ionela; Manirakiza, Alexandre; Banga-Mingo, Virginie] Inst Pasteur, Bangui, Cent Afr Republ. [Gody, Jean Chrysostom] Complexe Pediat, Bangui, Cent Afr Republ. [Kongombe, Odilon Omon] Village SOS Enfants, Bouar, Cent Afr Republ. [Esona, Mathew D.; Bowen, Michael D.; Waku-Kouomou, Diane] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Gouandijka-Vasilache, I (reprint author), Str Stefan Cel Mare,15B,Apt 10, Bacau 600358, Romania. EM ionela512@yahoo.fr NR 9 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 EI 1080-6059 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD JUL PY 2014 VL 20 IS 7 BP 1254 EP 1255 DI 10.3201/eid2007.131839 PG 2 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA AK4JB UT WOS:000338389900034 PM 24959927 ER PT J AU Breedlove, B Cohen, ML AF Breedlove, Byron Cohen, Murray L. TI After the Resistance: The Alamo Today SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Breedlove, Byron] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Cohen, Murray L.] US PHS, Ft Worth, TX USA. RP Breedlove, B (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop E41, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM wbb1@cdc.gov OI Breedlove, Byron/0000-0002-1026-1963 NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 EI 1080-6059 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD JUL PY 2014 VL 20 IS 7 BP 1268 EP 1269 DI 10.3201/eid2007.AC2007 PG 2 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA AK4JB UT WOS:000338389900042 PM 25093234 ER PT J AU Ludeke, CHM Fischer, M LaFon, P Cooper, K Jones, JL AF Luedeke, Catharina H. M. Fischer, Markus LaFon, Patti Cooper, Kara Jones, Jessica L. TI Suitability of the Molecular Subtyping Methods Intergenic Spacer Region, Direct Genome Restriction Analysis, and Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis for Clinical and Environmental Vibrio parahaemolyticus Isolates SO FOODBORNE PATHOGENS AND DISEASE LA English DT Article ID THERMOSTABLE DIRECT HEMOLYSIN; TYPING METHODS; UNITED-STATES; STRAINS; VULNIFICUS; PROTOCOL; EPIDEMIOLOGY; VALIDATION; CHOLERAE; CHILE AB Vibrio parahaemolyticus is the leading cause of infectious illness associated with seafood consumption in the United States. Molecular fingerprinting of strains has become a valuable research tool for understanding this pathogen. However, there are many subtyping methods available and little information on how they compare to one another. For this study, a collection of 67 oyster and 77 clinical V. parahaemolyticus isolates were analyzed by three subtyping methods-intergenic spacer region (ISR-1), direct genome restriction analysis (DGREA), and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE)-to determine the utility of these methods for discriminatory subtyping. ISR-1 analysis, run as previously described, provided the lowest discrimination of all the methods (discriminatory index [DI] = 0.8665). However, using a broader analytical range than previously reported, ISR-1 clustered isolates based on origin (oyster versus clinical) and had a DI = 0.9986. DGREA provided a DI = 0.9993-0.9995, but did not consistently cluster the isolates by any identifiable characteristics (origin, serotype, or virulence genotype) and similar to 15% of isolates were untypeable by this method. PFGE provided a DI = 0.9998 when using the combined pattern analysis of both restriction enzymes, SfiI and NotI. This analysis was more discriminatory than using either enzyme pattern alone and primarily grouped isolates by serotype, regardless of strain origin (clinical or oyster) or presence of currently accepted virulence markers. These results indicate that PFGE and ISR-1 are more reliable methods for subtyping V. parahemolyticus, rather than DGREA. Additionally, ISR-1 may provide an indication of pathogenic potential; however, more detailed studies are needed. These data highlight the diversity within V. parahaemolyticus and the need for appropriate selection of subtyping methods depending on the study objectives. C1 [Luedeke, Catharina H. M.; Jones, Jessica L.] US FDA, Gulf Coast Seafood Lab, Div Seafood & Technol, Dauphin Isl, AL 36528 USA. [Luedeke, Catharina H. M.; Fischer, Markus] Univ Hamburg, Hamburg Sch Food Sci, Hamburg, Germany. [LaFon, Patti; Cooper, Kara] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Ludeke, CHM (reprint author), US FDA, Gulf Coast Seafood Lab, Div Seafood & Technol, 1 Iberville Dr, Dauphin Isl, AL 36528 USA. EM catharina.luedeke@fda.hhs.gov; Jessica.Jones@fda.hhs.gov FU FDA FX This project was supported by an appointment to the Research Fellowship Program for the Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition administered by the Oak Ridge Associated Universities through a contract with the FDA. NR 27 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 9 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1535-3141 EI 1556-7125 J9 FOODBORNE PATHOG DIS JI Foodborne Pathog. Dis. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 11 IS 7 BP 520 EP 528 DI 10.1089/fpd.2013.1728 PG 9 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA AK1PG UT WOS:000338186600004 PM 24799175 ER PT J AU Gould, LH Mungai, E Behravesh, CB AF Gould, L. Hannah Mungai, Elisabeth Behravesh, Casey Barton TI Outbreaks Attributed to Cheese: Differences Between Outbreaks Caused by Unpasteurized and Pasteurized Dairy Products, United States, 1998-2011 SO FOODBORNE PATHOGENS AND DISEASE LA English DT Article ID MEXICAN-STYLE CHEESE; ESCHERICHIA-COIL O157/H7; RAW-MILK CHEESE; LISTERIA-MONOCYTOGENES; CHEDDAR CHEESE; MULTISTATE OUTBREAK; FOODBORNE DISEASE; COLI O157-H7; SALMONELLA; SURVEILLANCE AB Introduction: The interstate commerce of unpasteurized fluid milk, also known as raw milk, is illegal in the United States, and intrastate sales are regulated independently by each state. However, U. S. Food and Drug Administration regulations allow the interstate sale of certain types of cheeses made from unpasteurized milk if specific aging requirements are met. We describe characteristics of these outbreaks, including differences between outbreaks linked to cheese made from pasteurized or unpasteurized milk. Methods: We reviewed reports of outbreaks submitted to the Foodborne Disease Outbreak Surveillance System during 1998-2011 in which cheese was implicated as the vehicle. We describe characteristics of these outbreaks, including differences between outbreaks linked to cheese made from pasteurized versus unpasteurized milk. Results: During 1998-2011, 90 outbreaks attributed to cheese were reported; 38 (42%) were due to cheese made with unpasteurized milk, 44 (49%) to cheese made with pasteurized milk, and the pasteurization status was not reported for the other eight (9%). The most common cheese-pathogen pairs were unpasteurized queso fresco or other Mexican-style cheese and Salmonella (10 outbreaks), and pasteurized queso fresco or other Mexican-style cheese and Listeria (6 outbreaks). The cheese was imported from Mexico in 38% of outbreaks caused by cheese made with unpasteurized milk. In at least five outbreaks, all due to cheese made from unpasteurized milk, the outbreak report noted that the cheese was produced or sold illegally. Outbreaks caused by cheese made from pasteurized milk occurred most commonly (64%) in restaurant, delis, or banquet settings where cross-contamination was the most common contributing factor. Conclusions: In addition to using pasteurized milk to make cheese, interventions to improve the safety of cheese include limiting illegal importation of cheese, strict sanitation and microbiologic monitoring in cheese-making facilities, and controls to limit food worker contamination. C1 [Gould, L. Hannah; Mungai, Elisabeth; Behravesh, Casey Barton] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Mungai, Elisabeth] Atlanta Res & Educ Fdn, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Gould, LH (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS C09, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM lgould@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX Funding for this report was provided by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The funding agencies did not have a role in the design and conduct of the study; collection, management, analysis, and interpretation of the data; and preparation, review, or approval of the manuscript. NR 34 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 6 U2 50 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1535-3141 EI 1556-7125 J9 FOODBORNE PATHOG DIS JI Foodborne Pathog. Dis. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 11 IS 7 BP 545 EP 551 DI 10.1089/fpd.2013.1650 PG 7 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA AK1PG UT WOS:000338186600007 PM 24750119 ER PT J AU Wolff, MS Teitelbaum, SL McGovern, K Windham, GC Pinney, SM Galvez, M Calafat, AM Kushi, LH Biro, FM AF Wolff, M. S. Teitelbaum, S. L. McGovern, K. Windham, G. C. Pinney, S. M. Galvez, M. Calafat, A. M. Kushi, L. H. Biro, F. M. CA Breast Canc Environm Res Program TI Phthalate exposure and pubertal development in a longitudinal study of US girls SO HUMAN REPRODUCTION LA English DT Article DE puberty; phthalates; biomarkers; girls; environmental ID IN-UTERO; REPRODUCTIVE DEVELOPMENT; BISPHENOL-A; AGE; MENARCHE; CHILDREN; COHORT; ONSET; RATS; LEAD AB Does phthalate exposure during early childhood alter the timing of pubertal development in girls? Urinary concentrations of high-molecular weight phthalate (high-MWP) metabolites are associated with later pubarche. Phthalates are anti-androgenic environmental agents known to alter early development, with possible effects on pubertal onset. This multi-ethnic study included 1239 girls from New York City, greater Cincinnati, and the San Francisco Bay Area who were 6-8 years old at enrollment (2004-2007) and who were followed until 2011. Phthalate metabolites were measured in urine collected at enrollment from 1170 girls; concentrations ranged from < 1 to > 10 000 A mu g/l. Breast and pubic hair stages and body size were assessed one to two times annually to determine the age at transition from stage 1 to 2 for breast and pubic hair development. Associations between exposures and pubertal ages were estimated using Cox proportional hazard ratios (HR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) and survival analyses. Associations were examined with respect to age-specific body mass-index percentile, one of the strongest predictors of pubertal onset. Urinary concentrations of high-MWP including di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (I DEHP) pound metabolites were associated with later pubic hair development during 7 years of observation. The relationship was linear and was stronger among normal-weight girls. Among normal-weight girls, age at pubic hair stage 2 (PH2) was 9.5 months older for girls in the fifth compared with the first quintile of urinary I DEHP pound (medians: 510 and 59 A mu g/g creatinine, respectively; adjusted HR 0.70, CI 0.53-0.93, P-trend 0.005. Age at first breast development was older for fifth quintile of mono-benzyl phthalate versus first (HR 0.83, CI 0.68-1.02; P-trend 0.018). No associations were observed between low-molecular weight phthalate urinary metabolite concentrations and age at pubertal transition in adjusted analyses. While there is evidence that phthalate exposures are fairly consistent over time, the exposure measure in this study may not reflect an earlier, more susceptible window of exposure. We investigated alternative explanations that might arise from exposure misclassification or confounding. Phthalates are widespread, hormonally active pollutants that may alter pubertal timing. Whether exposures delay or accelerate pubertal development may depend on age at exposure as well as other factors such as obesity and exposures earlier in life. Whether exposures act independently or as part of real life mixtures may also change their effects on maturation from birth through childhood. This project was supported by the US National Institutes of Health, Environmental Protection Agency, New York State Empire Clinical Research Investigator Program and the Avon Foundation. L.H.K. is employed by Kaiser Permanente. The remaining authors declare they have no actual or potential competing financial interests. C1 [Wolff, M. S.; Teitelbaum, S. L.; McGovern, K.; Galvez, M.] Icahn Sch Med Mt Sinai, Dept Prevent Med, New York, NY 10029 USA. [Windham, G. C.] Calif Dept Publ Hlth, Div Environm & Occupat Dis Control, Richmond, CA 94804 USA. [Pinney, S. M.] Univ Cincinnati, Coll Med, Dept Environm Hlth, Cincinnati, OH 45267 USA. [Calafat, A. M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Kushi, L. H.] Kaiser Permanente, Div Res, Oakland, CA 94612 USA. [Biro, F. M.] Cincinnati Childrens Hosp Med Ctr, Div Adolescent Med, Cincinnati, OH 45229 USA. RP Wolff, MS (reprint author), Icahn Sch Med Mt Sinai, Dept Prevent Med, 1 Gustave L Levy Pl,Box 1057, New York, NY 10029 USA. EM mary.wolff@mssm.edu OI Kushi, Lawrence/0000-0001-9136-1175 FU Breast Cancer and the Environment Research Program (BCERP), National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) [U01ES012770, U01ES012771, U01ES012800, U01ES012801, U01ES019435, U01ES019453, U01ES019454, U01ES019457, R827039, P01ES009584, P30ES006096]; National Cancer Institute (NCI); EPA; NIH; DHHS; NYS Empire Clinical Research Investigator Program; Pediatric Environmental Health Fellowship [HD049311]; Avon Foundation; [CSTA-UL1RR029887] FX This research was supported by the Breast Cancer and the Environment Research Program (BCERP) award numbers U01ES012770, U01ES012771, U01ES012800, U01ES012801, U01ES019435, U01ES019453, U01ES019454, U01ES019457, R827039 and P01ES009584 and P30ES006096 from the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), the National Cancer Institute (NCI), EPA, NIH, DHHS, CSTA-UL1RR029887, NYS Empire Clinical Research Investigator Program, Pediatric Environmental Health Fellowship HD049311 and the Avon Foundation. Its contents are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of the NIEHS or NCI, the National Institutes of Health, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or the California Department of Public Health. NR 42 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 5 U2 21 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0268-1161 EI 1460-2350 J9 HUM REPROD JI Hum. Reprod. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 29 IS 7 BP 1558 EP 1566 DI 10.1093/humrep/deu081 PG 9 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology GA AK0SV UT WOS:000338126500026 PM 24781428 ER PT J AU Shaner, RL Kaplan, P Hamelin, EI Bragg, WA Johnson, RC AF Shaner, Rebecca L. Kaplan, Pearl Hamelin, Elizabeth I. Bragg, William A. Johnson, Rudolph C. TI Comparison of two automated solid phase extractions for the detection of ten fentanyl analogs and metabolites in human urine using liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY B-ANALYTICAL TECHNOLOGIES IN THE BIOMEDICAL AND LIFE SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE Fentanyls; Fentanyl; Solid phase extraction; Liquid chromatography; Mass spectrometry; Method development; Automation ID LC-MS/MS; SIMULTANEOUS QUANTIFICATION; SAMPLE PREPARATION; MAJOR METABOLITES; HUMAN PLASMA; CHINA WHITE; DRUG; SPE; CARFENTANIL; SUFENTANIL AB Two types of automated solid phase extraction (SPE) were assessed for the determination of human exposure to fentanyls in urine. High sensitivity is required to detect these compounds following exposure because of the low dose required for therapeutic effect and the rapid clearance from the body for these compounds. To achieve this sensitivity, two acceptable methods for the detection of human exposure to seven fentanyl analogs and three metabolites were developed using either off-line 96-well plate SPE or on-line SPE. Each system offers different advantages: off-line 96-well plate SPE allows for high throughput analysis of many samples, which is needed for large sample numbers, while on-line SPE removes almost all analyst manipulation of the samples, minimizing the analyst time needed for sample preparation. Both sample preparations were coupled with reversed phase liquid chromatography and isotope dilution tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) for analyte detection. For both methods, the resulting precision was within 15%, the accuracy within 25%, and the sensitivity was comparable with the limits of detection ranging from 0.002 ng/mL to 0.041 ng/mL. Additionally, matrix effects were substantially decreased from previous reports for both extraction protocols. The results of this comparison showed that both methods were acceptable for the detection of exposures to fentanyl analogs and metabolites in urine. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Shaner, Rebecca L.; Hamelin, Elizabeth I.; Bragg, William A.; Johnson, Rudolph C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Kaplan, Pearl] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Div Sci Lab, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Johnson, RC (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 4770 Buford Highway,MS F44, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM rmj6@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 29 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 8 U2 31 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1570-0232 EI 1873-376X J9 J CHROMATOGR B JI J. Chromatogr. B PD JUL 1 PY 2014 VL 962 BP 52 EP 58 DI 10.1016/j.jchromb.2014.05.025 PG 7 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA AK4PO UT WOS:000338406800008 PM 24893271 ER PT J AU Hood, JE Hogben, M Chartier, M Bolan, G Bauer, H AF Hood, Julia E. Hogben, Matthew Chartier, Maggie Bolan, Gail Bauer, Heidi TI Dual contraceptive use among adolescents and young adults: correlates and implications for condom use and sexually transmitted infection outcomes SO JOURNAL OF FAMILY PLANNING AND REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH CARE LA English DT Article ID HORMONAL CONTRACEPTION; WOMEN; PREGNANCY; RISK; PROTECTION; BARRIERS AB Background Simultaneous condom and hormonal contraception usage ('dual method use') maximises protection against pregnancy and sexually transmitted infection (STI), although there is concern that promotion of this strategy could result in diminished condom use and inadvertently increase STI risk. In this study, we (1) assessed how the use of dual methods, versus condoms alone, related to STI and consistency of condom use and (2) described the correlates of dual use. Methods A sample of 1450 young people aged 12-25 years were surveyed and screened for chlamydia and gonorrhoea at non-clinical sites in two high morbidity Californian counties in 2002-2003. Differences in STI prevalence and reported consistency of condom use were assessed for 'condom only' and 'dual method' users. Correlates of dual use were analysed via multivariate polytomous logistic regression. Results Condom only and dual method users did not significantly differ in terms of STI prevalence or reported consistency of condom use. Sex, age, race and relationship tenure were significant correlates of dual use. Discussion In these observational data, dual method use did not detrimentally affect STI risk. If interpreted alongside each subgroups' risk patterns for STI and unplanned pregnancy, the correlates of dual use can inform STI and pregnancy prevention interventions. C1 [Hood, Julia E.] Univ Washington, Dept Epidemiol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Hogben, Matthew] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Social & Behav Res & Evaluat Branch, Div STD Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Chartier, Maggie] San Francisco VA Med Ctr, Dept Veteran Affairs, San Francisco, CA USA. [Bolan, Gail] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Bauer, Heidi] Calif Dept Publ Hlth, STD Control Branch, Richmond, CA USA. RP Hood, JE (reprint author), Univ Washington, Dept Epidemiol, F263 Hlth Sci Bldg,1959 NE Pacific St, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. EM juliahehood@gmail.com FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (Comprehensive STD Prevention Systems and Infertility Prevention Project) [H25/CCH904362]; California Department of Public Health FX Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (Comprehensive STD Prevention Systems and Infertility Prevention Project Grant Number H25/CCH904362) and California Department of Public Health. NR 32 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 9 PU BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 1471-1893 EI 2045-2098 J9 J FAM PLAN REPROD H JI J. Fam. Plan. Reprod. Health Care PD JUL PY 2014 VL 40 IS 3 BP 200 EP 207 DI 10.1136/jfprhc-2012-100295 PG 8 WC Family Studies; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Social Sciences, Biomedical SC Family Studies; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Biomedical Social Sciences GA AK1PI UT WOS:000338186800009 PM 24293508 ER PT J AU Callinan, LS Holman, RC Vugia, DJ Schonberger, LB Belay, ED AF Callinan, Laura S. Holman, Robert C. Vugia, Duc J. Schonberger, Lawrence B. Belay, Ermias D. TI KAWASAKI DISEASE HOSPITALIZATION RATE AMONG CHILDREN YOUNGER THAN 5 YEARS IN CALIFORNIA, 2003-2010 SO PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Kawasaki disease; California; hospitalization ID UNITED-STATES AB In California, the 2010 annual Kawasaki disease hospitalization rate for children <5 years of age was higher than the rate in 2003. An increasing trend during 2003-2010 appears to be driven by an increase from 2003 to 2006, whereas the Kawasaki disease hospitalization rate remained stable through 2010. C1 [Callinan, Laura S.; Holman, Robert C.; Schonberger, Lawrence B.; Belay, Ermias D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Vugia, Duc J.] Calif Dept Publ Hlth, Infect Dis Branch, Div Communicable Dis Control, Richmond, CA USA. RP Belay, ED (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, MS A-30, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM ebb8@cdc.gov NR 11 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0891-3668 EI 1532-0987 J9 PEDIATR INFECT DIS J JI Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 33 IS 7 BP 781 EP 783 DI 10.1097/INF.0000000000000287 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics GA AK0TH UT WOS:000338127900026 PM 24469070 ER PT J AU Spicer, KB Salamon, D Cummins, C Leber, A Rodgers, LE Marcon, MJ AF Spicer, Kevin B. Salamon, Doug Cummins, Carol Leber, Amy Rodgers, Loren E. Marcon, Mario J. TI Occurrence of 3 Bordetella Species During an Outbreak of Cough Illness in Ohio Epidemiology, Clinical Features, Laboratory Findings and Antimicrobial Susceptibility SO PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE pertussis; Bordetella holmesii; Bordetella parapertussis; Bordetella pertussis ID REAL-TIME PCR; PERTUSSIS-LIKE SYMPTOMS; SUSPECTED PERTUSSIS; HOLMESII DNA; SPECIMENS; ASSAY; INFECTION AB Background: An increase in laboratory diagnosis of pertussis was noted in central Ohio during 2010. Diagnosis was made using a polymerase chain reaction assay targeting the multicopy insertion sequence IS481, which is found in both Bordetella pertussis (Bp) and Bordetella holmesii (Bh). An increase in specimens testing positive for Bordetella parapertussis (Bpp) using insertion sequence IS1001 was also noted. Methods: Nasopharyngeal swab specimens submitted April 1, 2010, to March 31, 2011, were tested using a multiplex polymerase chain reaction assay for Bp/Bh (IS481) and Bpp followed by singleplex assays for Bp and Bh. A subgroup of specimens was also cultured for Bordetella species, and antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed on recovered organisms. Demographic and clinical features were compared for patients with Bp, Bh and Bpp. Results: Of 520 IS481-positive specimens, 214 (41.1%) were positive for Bp, 79 (15.2%) were positive for Bh and 5 (1.0%) were positive for both Bp and Bh; 222 (42.7%) were negative for both targets. An additional 220 specimens were positive for Bpp. Among a sample of 155 IS481-positive specimens, 40, 15 and 0 were culture positive for Bp, Bh and Bpp, respectively. Among a sample of 55 BparaIS1001-positive (Bpp) specimens, 22, 0 and 0 were culture positive for Bpp, Bp and Bh, respectively. All Bordetella species were susceptible to macrolide antibiotics. Patients with Bh were older than patients with Bp, who were older than those positive for Bpp (mean ages: 12.0, 8.0 and 4.2 years, respectively; P < 0.001). One or more classic signs of pertussis (ie, paroxysmal cough, whoop, post-tussive emesis) were seen in 55.9% of 263 patients (59 Bp, 24 Bh, 80 Bpp and 100 negative for Bordetella species), but did not differ statistically among the groups (chi(2) = 5.1, P = 0.17). Conclusions: All 3 Bordetella species, Bp, Bh and Bpp, were detected during on outbreak of pertussis-like cough illness. There were noted differences in age and seasonality, but clinical features at the time of presentation did not allow clear differentiation of these infections. All Bordetella species recovered from culture and tested were susceptible in vitro to macrolide antibiotics. Additional study is necessary to further characterize epidemiologic and clinical characteristics of Bh-associated cough illness and to determine potential co-occurrence of Bordetella species with other bacterial and viral respiratory tract pathogens. C1 [Spicer, Kevin B.] Nationwide Childrens Hosp, Infect Dis Sect, Columbus, OH USA. [Spicer, Kevin B.; Leber, Amy; Marcon, Mario J.] Ohio State Univ, Coll Med, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Salamon, Doug; Cummins, Carol; Leber, Amy; Marcon, Mario J.] Nationwide Childrens Hosp, Dept Lab Med, Columbus, OH USA. [Rodgers, Loren E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Ohio Dept Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Spicer, KB (reprint author), KwaZulu Natal Dept Hlth, Dept Paediat & Child Hlth, Private Bag X9001, ZA-3201 Pietermaritzburg, South Africa. EM kevin.spicer@kznhealth.gov.za NR 21 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 4 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0891-3668 EI 1532-0987 J9 PEDIATR INFECT DIS J JI Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 33 IS 7 BP E162 EP E167 DI 10.1097/INF.0000000000000262 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics GA AK0TH UT WOS:000338127900001 PM 24445823 ER PT J AU Zhu, Y Romitti, PA Conway, KM Andrews, J Liu, K Meaney, FJ Street, N Puzhankara, S Druschel, CM Matthews, DJ AF Zhu, Yong Romitti, Paul A. Conway, Kristin M. Andrews, Jennifer Liu, Ke Meaney, F. John Street, Natalie Puzhankara, Soman Druschel, Charlotte M. Matthews, Dennis J. TI Complementary and Alternative Medicine for Duchenne and Becker Muscular Dystrophies: Characteristics of Users and Caregivers SO PEDIATRIC NEUROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Becker muscular dystrophy; complementary therapies; Duchenne muscular dystrophy; neuromuscular diseases ID NETWORK MD STARNET; SURVEILLANCE TRACKING; MULTIPLE COMPARISONS; CHILDREN; THERAPIES; CANCER; ASTHMA AB BACKGROUND: Complementary and alternative medicine is frequently used in the management of chronic pediatric diseases, but little is known about its use by those with Duchenne or Becker muscular dystrophy. METHODS: Complementary and alternative medicine use by male patients with Duchenne or Becker muscular dystrophy and associations with characteristics of male patients and their caregivers were examined through interviews with 362 primary caregivers identified from the Muscular Dystrophy Surveillance, Tracking, and Research Network. RESULTS: Overall, 272 of the 362 (75.1%) primary caregivers reported that they had used any complementary and alternative medicine for the oldest Muscular Dystrophy Surveillance, Tracking, and Research Network male in their family. The most commonly reported therapies were from the mind-body medicine domain (61.0%) followed by those from the biologically based practice (39.2%), manipulative and body-based practice (29.3%), and whole medical system (6.9%) domains. Aquatherapy, prayer and/or blessing, special diet, and massage were the most frequently used therapies. Compared with nonusers, male patients who used any therapy were more likely to have an early onset of symptoms and use a wheel chair; their caregivers were more likely to be non-Hispanic white. Among domains, associations were observed with caregiver education and family income (mind-body medicines [excluding prayer and/or blessing only] and whole medical systems) and Muscular Dystrophy Surveillance, Tracking, and Research Network site (biologically based practices and mind-body medicines [excluding prayer and/or blessing only]). CONCLUSIONS: Complementary and alternative medicine use was common in the management of Duchenne and Becker muscular dystrophies among Muscular Dystrophy Surveillance, Tracking, and Research Network males. This widespread use suggests further study to evaluate the efficacy of integrating complementary and alternative medicine into treatment regimens for Duchenne and Becker muscular dystrophies. C1 [Zhu, Yong; Romitti, Paul A.; Conway, Kristin M.; Puzhankara, Soman] Univ Iowa, Dept Epidemiol, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. [Andrews, Jennifer; Meaney, F. John] Univ Arizona, Dept Pediat, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Liu, Ke] Univ Iowa, Dept Biostat, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. [Street, Natalie] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA USA. [Druschel, Charlotte M.] New York State Dept Hlth, Troy, NY USA. [Matthews, Dennis J.] Univ Colorado, Dept Phys Med & Rehabil, Aurora, CO USA. RP Romitti, PA (reprint author), Univ Iowa, Coll Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, S416 CPHB,145 N Riverside Dr, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. EM paul-romitti@uiowa.edu FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [DD000189] FX This study was funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Cooperative Agreement DD000189 for Surveillance and Epidemiologic Research of Duchenne and Becker Muscular Dystrophy. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 33 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0887-8994 EI 1873-5150 J9 PEDIATR NEUROL JI Pediatr. Neurol. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 51 IS 1 BP 71 EP 77 DI 10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2014.02.003 PG 7 WC Clinical Neurology; Pediatrics SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pediatrics GA AK1KU UT WOS:000338174800013 PM 24785967 ER PT J AU Bush, DE Wilmsen, C Sasaki, T Barton-Antonio, D Steege, AL Chang, C AF Bush, Diane E. Wilmsen, Carl Sasaki, Timothy Barton-Antonio, Dinorah Steege, Andrea L. Chang, Charlotte TI Evaluation of a pilot promotora program for Latino forest workers in southern Oregon SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE promotora; forest workers; workplace health and safety; community capacity; program evaluation; community health worker; lay health educator; social ecological framework ID COMMUNITY-HEALTH WORKERS; OUTCOME EFFECTIVENESS; UNITED-STATES; SAFETY; INTERVENTIONS; MANAGEMENT; EDUCATION; INJURIES; BARRIERS; MODEL AB Background Forest work, an occupation with some of the highest injury and illness rates, is conducted primarily by Latino immigrant workers. This study evaluates a pilot program where promotoras (lay community health educators) provided occupational health and safety trainings for Latino forest workers. Methods Evaluation methods included a focus group, post-tests, and qualitative feedback. Results Community capacity to address working conditions increased through (i) increased leadership and community access to information and resources; and (ii) increased worker awareness of workplace health and safety rights and resources. Fear of retaliation remains a barrier to workers taking action; nevertheless, the promotoras supported several workers in addressing-specific workplace issues. Conclusions For working conditions to significantly improve, major structural influences need to be addressed. A long-term, organizationally supported promotora program can play a key role in linking and supporting change at the individual, interpersonal and community levels, contributing to and supporting structural change. Am. J. Ind. Med. 57:788-799, 2014. (c) 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Bush, Diane E.; Sasaki, Timothy; Barton-Antonio, Dinorah; Chang, Charlotte] Univ Calif Berkeley, Labor Occupat Hlth Program, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Wilmsen, Carl] Northwest Forest Worker Ctr, Albany, CA USA. [Steege, Andrea L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Surveillance Hazard Evaluat & Field Studies, NIOSH, Cincinnati, OH USA. RP Bush, DE (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Labor Occupat Hlth Program, 2223 Fulton St, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM dbush@berkeley.edu RI Steege, Andrea/H-8900-2016 OI Steege, Andrea/0000-0001-5665-2559 NR 36 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 8 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0271-3586 EI 1097-0274 J9 AM J IND MED JI Am. J. Ind. Med. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 57 IS 7 BP 788 EP 799 DI 10.1002/ajim.22347 PG 12 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AJ9JS UT WOS:000338026600006 PM 24890853 ER PT J AU Bialek, SR Allen, D Alvarado-Ramy, F Arthur, R Balajee, A Bell, D Best, S Blackmore, C Breakwell, L Cannons, A Brown, C Cetron, M Chea, N Chommanard, C Cohen, N Conover, C Crespo, A Creviston, J Curns, AT Dahl, R Dearth, S DeMaria, A Echols, F Erdman, DD Feikin, D Frias, M Gerber, SI Gulati, R Hale, C Haynes, LM Heberlein-Larson, L Holton, K Ijaz, K Kapoor, M Kohl, K Kuhar, DT Kumar, AM Kundich, M Lippold, S Liu, LX Lovchik, JC Madoff, L Martell, S Matthews, S Moore, J Murray, LR Onofrey, S Pallansch, MA Pesik, N Pham, H Pillai, S Pontones, P Pringle, K Pritchard, S Rasmussen, S Richards, S Sandoval, M Schneider, E Schuchat, A Sheedy, K Sherin, K Swerdlow, DL Tappero, JW Vernon, MO Watkins, S Watson, J AF Bialek, Stephanie R. Allen, Donna Alvarado-Ramy, Francisco Arthur, Ray Balajee, Arunmozhi Bell, David Best, Susan Blackmore, Carina Breakwell, Lucy Cannons, Andrew Brown, Clive Cetron, Martin Chea, Nora Chommanard, Christina Cohen, Nicole Conover, Craig Crespo, Antonio Creviston, Jeanean Curns, Aaron T. Dahl, Rebecca Dearth, Stephanie DeMaria, Alfred, Jr. Echols, Fred Erdman, Dean D. Feikin, Daniel Frias, Mabel Gerber, Susan I. Gulati, Reena Hale, Christa Haynes, Lia M. Heberlein-Larson, Lea Holton, Kelly Ijaz, Kashef Kapoor, Minal Kohl, Katrin Kuhar, David T. Kumar, Alan M. Kundich, Marianne Lippold, Susan Liu, Lixia Lovchik, Judith C. Madoff, Larry Martell, Sandra Matthews, Sarah Moore, Jessica Murray, Linda R. Onofrey, Shauna Pallansch, Mark A. Pesik, Nicki Huong Pham Pillai, Satish Pontones, Pam Pringle, Kimberly Pritchard, Scott Rasmussen, Sonja Richards, Shawn Sandoval, Michelle Schneider, Eileen Schuchat, Anne Sheedy, Kristine Sherin, Kevin Swerdlow, David L. Tappero, Jordan W. Vernon, Michael O. Watkins, Sharon Watson, John TI First Confirmed Cases of Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (MERS-CoV) Infection in the United States, Updated Information on the Epidemiology of MERS-CoV Infection, and Guidance for the Public, Clinicians, and Public Health AuthoritiesMay 2014 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Bialek, Stephanie R.; Bell, David; Chommanard, Christina; Curns, Aaron T.; Dahl, Rebecca; Erdman, Dean D.; Feikin, Daniel; Gerber, Susan I.; Haynes, Lia M.; Moore, Jessica; Pallansch, Mark A.; Huong Pham; Pringle, Kimberly; Schneider, Eileen; Watson, John] CDC, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Div Viral Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Allen, Donna; Dearth, Stephanie; Echols, Fred; Liu, Lixia; Lovchik, Judith C.; Pontones, Pam; Richards, Shawn; Sandoval, Michelle] Indiana State Dept Hlth, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA. [Alvarado-Ramy, Francisco; Brown, Clive; Cetron, Martin; Cohen, Nicole; Gulati, Reena; Hale, Christa; Holton, Kelly; Kohl, Katrin; Lippold, Susan; Pesik, Nicki] CDC, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Div Global Migrat & Quarantine, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Arthur, Ray; Balajee, Arunmozhi; Ijaz, Kashef; Tappero, Jordan W.] CDC, Ctr Global Hlth, Div Global Hlth Protect, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Best, Susan; Creviston, Jeanean; Kundich, Marianne] Lake Cty Hlth Dept, Indiana, PA USA. [Breakwell, Lucy; Chea, Nora; Pringle, Kimberly] CDC, Div Sci Educ & Profess Dev, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Breakwell, Lucy] CDC, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Div Bacterial Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Chea, Nora; Kuhar, David T.] CDC, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Conover, Craig] Illinois Dept Publ Hlth, Springfield, IL 62761 USA. [Crespo, Antonio] Dr P Phillips Hosp, Orlando, FL USA. [DeMaria, Alfred, Jr.; Madoff, Larry; Onofrey, Shauna; Vernon, Michael O.] Massachusetts Dept Publ Hlth, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Frias, Mabel; Martell, Sandra; Murray, Linda R.] Cook Cty Dept Publ Hlth, Maywood, IL USA. [Kapoor, Minal; Kumar, Alan M.] Community Hosp, Indiana, PA USA. [Matthews, Sarah; Sherin, Kevin] Florida Dept Health Orange Cty, Orlando, FL USA. [Pillai, Satish] CDC, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Div Preparedness & Emerging Infect, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Rasmussen, Sonja] CDC, Off Infect Dis, Influenza Coordinat Unit, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Sandoval, Michelle] CDC, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Schuchat, Anne; Sheedy, Kristine; Swerdlow, David L.] CDC, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Off Director, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Bialek, SR (reprint author), CDC, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Div Viral Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 3 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 7 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1600-6135 EI 1600-6143 J9 AM J TRANSPLANT JI Am. J. Transplant. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 14 IS 7 BP 1693 EP 1699 DI 10.1111/ajt.12841 PG 7 WC Surgery; Transplantation SC Surgery; Transplantation GA AJ9JE UT WOS:000338024700031 ER PT J AU Prasodjo, A Pfeiffer, CM Fazili, Z Xu, YY Liddy, S Yolton, K Savitz, DA Lanphear, BP Braun, JM AF Prasodjo, Adila Pfeiffer, Christine M. Fazili, Zia Xu, Yingying Liddy, Stacey Yolton, Kimberly Savitz, David A. Lanphear, Bruce P. Braun, Joseph M. TI Serum cotinine and whole blood folate concentrations in pregnancy SO ANNALS OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Epidemiology; Folic acid; Pregnancy; Tobacco smoke pollution; Smoking ID ENVIRONMENTAL TOBACCO-SMOKE; INFANT BIRTH-WEIGHT; PERICONCEPTIONAL FOLIC-ACID; AUTISM SPECTRUM DISORDERS; TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY; DIETARY-SUPPLEMENT USE; UNITED-STATES; ELIMINATION KINETICS; TOTAL HOMOCYSTEINE; MATERNAL SMOKING AB Purpose: Prenatal tobacco smoke exposure may be associated with low maternal folate levels that increase the risk of adverse infant and child health outcomes by reducing folate availability during fetal development. Methods: Using data from the Health Outcomes and Measures of the Environment Study, we examined the relationship between secondhand or active tobacco smoke exposure and whole blood folate concentrations in pregnant women from Cincinnati, Ohio (n = 362) at approximately 16-week gestation. We used multivariable linear regression to examine the association between continuous or categorical serum cotinine levels and whole blood folate levels, adjusting for sociodemographic, dietary, and perinatal variables. Results: After adjustment for potential confounders, an interquartile range increases in serum cotinine concentration (0.012-0.224 ng/mL) was suggestively associated with decreased whole blood folate levels (beta, -23 nmol/L; 95% confidence interval (Cl), -49, 3; P value = .08). Compared with unexposed women, reductions in mean whole blood folate were observed among active smokers (beta, -94, 95% Cl, 195, 6 nmol/L; P value = .40); smaller reductions were observed among women with secondhand exposure (0, 26; Cl. 84, 32 nmol/L; P value = .07). Conclusions: Consistent with prior studies, active smoking was associated with reduced whole blood folate levels among these pregnant women. Secondhand tobacco smoke exposures were associated with small and imprecise reductions in whole blood folate levels. (C) 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Prasodjo, Adila; Savitz, David A.; Braun, Joseph M.] Brown Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Providence, RI 02912 USA. [Pfeiffer, Christine M.; Fazili, Zia] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Nutr Biomarkers Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Xu, Yingying; Liddy, Stacey; Yolton, Kimberly] Cincinnati Childrens Hosp Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Cincinnati, OH 45229 USA. [Lanphear, Bruce P.] Simon Fraser Univ, Fac Hlth & Sci, Burnaby, BC V5A 1S6, Canada. [Lanphear, Bruce P.] BC Childrens & Womens Hosp, Child & Family Res Inst, Vancouver, BC, Canada. RP Braun, JM (reprint author), Brown Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Box G-S121-2, Providence, RI 02912 USA. EM joseph_braun_1@brown.edu FU National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [R00 ES020346, PO1 ES11261, R01 ES020349] FX This work was supported by National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences grants R00 ES020346, PO1 ES11261, and R01 ES020349. NR 52 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1047-2797 EI 1873-2585 J9 ANN EPIDEMIOL JI Ann. Epidemiol. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 24 IS 7 BP 498 EP 503 DI 10.1016/j.annepidem.2014.04.004 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AJ7AW UT WOS:000337850400002 PM 24854185 ER PT J AU Green, BL Ayoub, C Bartlett, JD Von Ende, A Furrer, C Chazan-Cohen, R Vallotton, C Klevens, J AF Green, Beth L. Ayoub, Catherine Bartlett, Jessica Dym Von Ende, Adam Furrer, Carrie Chazan-Cohen, Rachel Vallotton, Claire Klevens, Joanne TI The effect of Early Head Start on child welfare system involvement: A first look at longitudinal child maltreatment outcomes SO CHILDREN AND YOUTH SERVICES REVIEW LA English DT Article DE Child maltreatment; Prevention; Intervention; Evaluation; Early childhood; Randomized control trial ID NURSE HOME VISITATION; UNITED-STATES; RANDOMIZED-TRIAL; RISK-FACTORS; AGES 2; ABUSE; NEGLECT; PREVENTION; INTERVENTIONS; SERVICES AB The high societal and personal costs of child maltreatment make identification of effective early prevention programs a high research priority. Early Head Start (EHS), a dual generational program serving low-income families with children prenatally through age three years, is one of the largest federally funded programs for infants and toddlers in the United States. A national randomized trial found EHS to be effective in improving parent and child outcomes, but its effectiveness in reducing child maltreatment was not assessed. The current study used administrative data from state child welfare agencies to examine the impact of EHS on documented abuse and neglect among children from seven of the original seventeen programs in the national EHS randomized controlled trial. Results indicated that children in EHS had significantly fewer child welfare encounters between the ages of five and nine years than did children in the control group, and that EHS slowed the rate of subsequent encounters. Additionally, compared to children in the control group, children in EHS were less likely to have a substantiated report of physical or sexual abuse, but more likely to have a substantiated report of neglect. These findings suggest that EHS may be effective in reducing child maltreatment among low-income children, in particular, physical and sexual abuse. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Green, Beth L.; Furrer, Carrie] Portland State Univ, Ctr Improvement Child & Family Studies, Portland, OR 97207 USA. [Ayoub, Catherine] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Ayoub, Catherine] Boston Childrens Hosp, Div Dev Med, Brazelton Touchpoints Ctr, Touchpoints Ctr, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Bartlett, Jessica Dym; Von Ende, Adam] Boston Childrens Hosp, Div Dev Med, Brazelton Touchpoints Ctr, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Chazan-Cohen, Rachel] George Mason Univ, Dept Psychol, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Vallotton, Claire] Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Klevens, Joanne] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Violence Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Green, BL (reprint author), Portland State Univ, Ctr Improvement Child & Family Studies, POB 751, Portland, OR 97207 USA. EM beth.green@pdx.edu OI Furrer, Carrie/0000-0002-4414-7368 FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 54 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 17 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0190-7409 EI 1873-7765 J9 CHILD YOUTH SERV REV JI Child. Youth Serv. Rev. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 42 BP 127 EP 135 DI 10.1016/j.childyouth.2014.03.044 PG 9 WC Family Studies; Social Work SC Family Studies; Social Work GA AJ8XZ UT WOS:000337992700016 PM 26744550 ER PT J AU Yabroff, KR Guy, GP Ekwueme, DU McNeel, T Rozjabek, HM Dowling, E Li, CY Virgo, KS AF Yabroff, K. Robin Guy, Gery P., Jr. Ekwueme, Donatus U. McNeel, Timothy Rozjabek, Heather M. Dowling, Emily Li, Chunyu Virgo, Katherine S. TI Annual Patient Time Costs Associated With Medical Care Among Cancer Survivors in the United States SO MEDICAL CARE LA English DT Article DE cost of illness; costs and cost analysis; utilization; neoplasms; Medical Expenditure Panel Survey ID HEALTH INTERVIEW SURVEY; 2ND PRIMARY CANCERS; BREAST-CANCER; ECONOMIC BURDEN; COLONOSCOPY; PREVALENCE; SURGERY; ADULTS; TRAVEL AB Background:Although patient time costs are recommended for inclusion in cost-effectiveness analyses, these data are not routinely collected. We used nationally representative data and a medical service-based approach to estimate the annual patient time costs among cancer survivors.Methods:We identified adult 6699 cancer survivors and 86,412 individuals without a cancer history ages 18 years or more from 2008-2011 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS). Service use was categorized as hospitalizations, emergency room use, provider visits, ambulatory surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy. Service time estimates were applied to frequencies for each service category and the US median wage rate in 2011 was used to value time. We evaluated the association between cancer survivorship and service use frequencies and patient time costs with multivariable regression models, stratified by age group (18-64 and 65+ y). Sensitivity analyses evaluated different approaches for valuing time.Results:Cancer survivors were more likely to have hospitalizations, emergency room visits, ambulatory surgeries, and provider visits in the past year than individuals without a cancer history in adjusted analyses (P<0.05). Annual patient time was higher for cancer survivors than individuals without a cancer history among those aged 18-64 years (30.2 vs. 13.6 h; P<0.001) and 65+ years (55.1 vs. 36.6 h; P<0.001), as were annual patient time costs (18-64 y: $500 vs. $226; P<0.001 and 65+ y: $913 vs. $607; P<0.001).Conclusions:Cancer survivors had greater annual medical service use and patient time costs than individuals without a cancer history. This medical service-based approach for estimating annual time costs can also be applied to other conditions. C1 [Yabroff, K. Robin; Rozjabek, Heather M.] NCI, Div Canc Control & Populat Sci, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Guy, Gery P., Jr.; Ekwueme, Donatus U.; Li, Chunyu] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA USA. [McNeel, Timothy] Informat Management Serv Inc, Rockville, MD USA. [Dowling, Emily] Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Inst Technol Assessment, Boston, MA 02114 USA. [Virgo, Katherine S.] Emory Univ, Dept Hlth Policy & Management, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Yabroff, KR (reprint author), NCI, Hlth Serv & Econ Branch, 9609 Med Ctr Dr 3E436, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. EM yabroffr@mail.nih.gov OI Yabroff, K. Robin/0000-0003-0644-5572 FU Intramural NIH HHS [Z99 CA999999] NR 38 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0025-7079 EI 1537-1948 J9 MED CARE JI Med. Care PD JUL PY 2014 VL 52 IS 7 BP 594 EP 601 DI 10.1097/MLR.0000000000000151 PG 8 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AJ5TI UT WOS:000337750800006 PM 24926706 ER PT J AU Wu, JZ Dong, RG Warren, CM Welcome, DE McDowell, TW AF Wu, John Z. Dong, Ren G. Warren, Christopher M. Welcome, Daniel E. McDowell, Thomas W. TI Analysis of the effects of surface stiffness on the contact interaction between a finger and a cylindrical handle using a three-dimensional hybrid model SO MEDICAL ENGINEERING & PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE Hand; Fingers; Handle; Multi-body dynamics; Finite element model; Soft tissues ID MECHANICAL IMPEDANCE; BIOMECHANICAL MODEL; POWER GRIP; FORCES; STRENGTH; FRICTION; CURVATURES; STABILITY; OBJECTS; HUMANS AB Contact interactions between the hand and handle, such as the contact surface softness and contact surface curvature, will affect both physical effort and musculoskeletal fatigue, thereby the comfort and safety of power tool operations. Previous models of hand gripping can be categorized into two groups: multi-body dynamic models and finite element (FE) models. The goal of the current study is to develop a hybrid FE hand gripping model, which combines the features of conventional FE models and multi-body dynamic models. The proposed model is applied to simulate hand-gripping on a cylindrical handle with covering materials of different softness levels. The model included three finger segments (distal, middle, and proximal phalanxes), three finger joints (the distal interphalangeal (DIP), proximal interphalangeal (PIP), and metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joint), and major anatomical substructures. The model was driven by joint moments, which are the net effects of all passive and active muscular forces acting about the joints. The finger model was first calibrated by using experimental data of human subject tests, and then applied to investigate the effects of surface softness on contact interactions between a finger and a cylindrical handle. Our results show that the maximal compressive stress and strain in the soft tissues of the fingers can be effectively reduced by reducing the stiffness of the covering material. Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of IPEM. C1 [Wu, John Z.; Dong, Ren G.; Warren, Christopher M.; Welcome, Daniel E.; McDowell, Thomas W.] NIOSH, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. RP Wu, JZ (reprint author), NIOSH, CDC, 1095 Willowdale Rd,MS 2027, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM jwu@cdc.gov OI McDowell, Thomas/0000-0002-2416-2210 FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 38 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1350-4533 EI 1873-4030 J9 MED ENG PHYS JI Med. Eng. Phys. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 36 IS 7 BP 831 EP 841 DI 10.1016/j.medengphy.2014.03.007 PG 11 WC Engineering, Biomedical SC Engineering GA AJ8UY UT WOS:000337984600003 PM 24736020 ER PT J AU Hoppin, JA Umbach, DM Long, S Rinsky, JL Henneberger, PK Salo, PM Zeldin, DC London, SJ Alavanja, MCR Blair, A Freeman, LEB Sandler, DP AF Hoppin, Jane A. Umbach, David M. Long, Stuart Rinsky, Jessica L. Henneberger, Paul K. Salo, Paivi M. Zeldin, Darryl C. London, Stephanie J. Alavanja, Michael C. R. Blair, Aaron Freeman, Laura E. Beane Sandler, Dale P. TI Respiratory disease in United States farmers SO OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY-DISEASE; INDUCED AIRWAY HYPERREACTIVITY; ADULT-ONSET ASTHMA; CHRONIC-BRONCHITIS; AGRICULTURAL HEALTH; PESTICIDE APPLICATORS; NATIONAL-HEALTH; ANIMAL FARMERS; SYMPTOMS; RISK AB Objectives Farmers may be at increased risk for adverse respiratory outcomes compared with the general population due to their regular exposures to dusts, animals and chemicals. However, early life farm exposures to microbial agents may result in reduced risk. Understanding respiratory disease risk among farmers and identifying differences between farmers and other populations may lead to better understanding of the contribution of environmental exposures to respiratory disease risk in the general population. Methods We compared the prevalence of self-reported respiratory outcomes in 43548 participants from the Agricultural Health Study (AHS), a prospective cohort of farmers and their spouses from Iowa and North Carolina, with data from adult participants in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) over the same period (2005-2010). Results AHS participants had lower prevalences of respiratory diseases (asthma, adult-onset asthma, chronic bronchitis and emphysema), but higher prevalences of current respiratory symptoms (wheeze, cough and phlegm) even after controlling for smoking, body mass index and population characteristics. The overall prevalence of asthma in the AHS (7.2%, 95% CI 6.9 to 7.4) was 52% of that in NHANES (13.8%, 95% CI 13.3 to 14.3), although the prevalence of adult-onset asthma among men did not differ (3.6% for AHS, 3.7% for NHANES). Conversely, many respiratory symptoms were more common in the AHS than NHANES, particularly among men. Conclusions These findings suggest that farmers and their spouses have lower risk for adult-onset respiratory diseases compared with the general population, and potentially higher respiratory irritation as evidenced by increased respiratory symptoms. C1 [Hoppin, Jane A.; London, Stephanie J.; Sandler, Dale P.] NIEHS, Epidemiol Branch, NIH, DHHS, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Hoppin, Jane A.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Umbach, David M.] NIEHS, Biostat Branch, NIH, DHHS, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Long, Stuart] Westat Corp, Durham, NC USA. [Rinsky, Jessica L.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Epidemiol, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Henneberger, Paul K.] NIOSH, Div Resp Dis Studies, CDC, DHHS, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Salo, Paivi M.; Zeldin, Darryl C.] NIEHS, Lab Resp Biol, NIH, DHHS, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Alavanja, Michael C. R.; Blair, Aaron; Freeman, Laura E. Beane] NCI, Occupat & Environm Epidemiol Branch, NIH, DHHS, Rockville, MD USA. RP Hoppin, JA (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, CB 7633, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM jahoppin@ncsu.edu RI Beane Freeman, Laura/C-4468-2015; OI Beane Freeman, Laura/0000-0003-1294-4124; London, Stephanie/0000-0003-4911-5290; Sandler, Dale/0000-0002-6776-0018 FU Intramural Research Program of the National Institutes of Health; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [Z01-ES025041, T32ES007018]; National Cancer Institute [Z01-CP010119] FX This work was supported by the Intramural Research Program of the National Institutes of Health, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (Z01-ES025041) and National Cancer Institute (Z01-CP010119). JLR was supported by the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (award no. T32ES007018). NR 37 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 6 PU BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 1351-0711 EI 1470-7926 J9 OCCUP ENVIRON MED JI Occup. Environ. Med. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 71 IS 7 BP 484 EP 491 DI 10.1136/oemed-2013-101983 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AJ7YP UT WOS:000337918300006 PM 24913223 ER PT J AU Jemmott, JB Jemmott, LS Ngwane, Z Zhang, JW Heeren, GA Icard, LD O'Leary, A Mtose, X Teitelman, A Carty, C AF Jemmott, John B., III Jemmott, Loretta S. Ngwane, Zolani Zhang, Jingwen Heeren, G. Anita Icard, Larry D. O'Leary, Ann Mtose, Xoliswa Teitelman, Anne Carty, Craig TI Theory-based behavioral intervention increases self-reported physical activity in South African men: A cluster-randomized controlled trial SO PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE South Africa; Men; Physical activity; Intervention study; Randomized controlled trial; Fruits and vegetables; Binge drinking; Social cognitive theory; Theory of planned behavior ID HEALTH-PROMOTION INTERVENTION; VEGETABLE CONSUMPTION; CHRONIC DISEASES; LIFE EXPECTANCY; DOSE-RESPONSE; METAANALYSIS; INACTIVITY; PREVENTION; FRUIT; RISK AB Objective. To determine whether a health-promotion intervention increases South African men's adherence to physical-activity guidelines. Method. We utilized a cluster-randomized controlled trial design. Eligible clusters, residential neighborhoods near East London, South Africa, were matched in pairs. Within randomly selected pairs, neighborhoods were randomized to theory-based, culturally congruent health-promotion intervention encouraging physical activity or attention-matched HIV/STI risk-reduction control intervention. Men residing in the neighborhoods and reporting coitus in the previous 3 months were eligible. Primary outcome was self-reported individual-level adherence to physical-activity guidelines averaged over 6-month and 12-month post-intervention assessments. Data were collected in 2007-2010. Data collectors, but not facilitators or participants, were blind to group assignment. Results. Primary outcome intention-to-treat analysis included 22 of 22 clusters and 537 of 572 men in the health-promotion intervention and 22 of 22 clusters and 569 of 609 men in the attention-control intervention. Model-estimated probability of meeting physical-activity guidelines was 51.0% in the health-promotion intervention and 44.7% in attention-matched control (OR = 1.34; 95% CI, 1.09-1.63), adjusting for baseline prevalence and clustering from 44 neighborhoods. Conclusion. A theory-based culturally congruent intervention increased South African men's self-reported physical activity, a key contributor to deaths from non-communicable diseases in South Africa. (C) 2014 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Jemmott, John B., III; Heeren, G. Anita; Carty, Craig] Univ Penn, Perelman Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Jemmott, John B., III; Zhang, Jingwen] Univ Penn, Annenberg Sch Commun, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Jemmott, Loretta S.; Teitelman, Anne] Univ Penn, Sch Nursing, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Ngwane, Zolani] Haverford Coll, Dept Anthropol, Haverford, PA 19041 USA. [Icard, Larry D.] Temple Univ, Coll Hlth Profess & Social Work, Philadelphia, PA 19122 USA. [O'Leary, Ann] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Mtose, Xoliswa] Univ Ft Hare, Fac Educ, East London, South Africa. RP Jemmott, JB (reprint author), Univ Penn, Perelman Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, 3535 Market St,Suite 520, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. EM jjemmott@asc.upenn.edu OI Carty, Craig Raymond/0000-0003-0767-3382 FU National Institutes of Health [1 R01 HD053270] FX The authors appreciate the contributions of Sonya Coombs, MS, Costa Gazi, MBBch, Lynette Gueits, MS, Janet Hsu, BA, Shasta Jones, PhD, Monde Makiwane, PhD, Pretty Ndyebi, BA, Lulama Sidloyi, BA, and Robin Stevens, PhD, MPH. The contributions of the late Thomas Ten Have, PhD, to the conception and design of the trial are gratefully acknowledged. This study was funded by research grant 1 R01 HD053270 from the National Institutes of Health. The funder had no role in the design and conduct of the study; collection, management, analysis, and interpretation of the data; preparation, review, or approval of the manuscript; and the decision to submit the manuscript for publication. The corresponding author, J. Jemmott, had full access to all the data in the study and takes responsibility for the integrity of the data and the accuracy of the data analysis. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the National Institutes of Health or the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 53 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 5 U2 21 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0091-7435 EI 1096-0260 J9 PREV MED JI Prev. Med. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 64 BP 114 EP 120 DI 10.1016/j.ypmed.2014.04.012 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA AJ6AX UT WOS:000337773200019 PM 24736094 ER PT J AU Reiner, RC Stoddard, ST Forshey, BM King, AA Ellis, AM Lloyd, AL Long, KC Rocha, C Vilcarromero, S Astete, H Bazan, I Lenhart, A Vazquez-Prokopec, GM Paz-Soldan, VA McCall, PJ Kitron, U Elder, JP Halsey, ES Morrison, AC Kochel, TJ Scott, TW AF Reiner, Robert C., Jr. Stoddard, Steven T. Forshey, Brett M. King, Aaron A. Ellis, Alicia M. Lloyd, Alun L. Long, Kanya C. Rocha, Claudio Vilcarromero, Stalin Astete, Helvio Bazan, Isabel Lenhart, Audrey Vazquez-Prokopec, Gonzalo M. Paz-Soldan, Valerie A. McCall, Philip J. Kitron, Uriel Elder, John P. Halsey, Eric S. Morrison, Amy C. Kochel, Tadeusz J. Scott, Thomas W. TI Time-varying, serotype-specific force of infection of dengue virus SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE disease ecology; emerging infections; arthropod-borne virus ID HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER; TRANSMISSION; EPIDEMIC; DISEASE; THAILAND; BANGKOK; PERU; INTEREPIDEMIC; INAPPARENT; EMERGENCE AB Infectious disease models play a key role in public health planning. These models rely on accurate estimates of key transmission parameters such as the force of infection (FoI), which is the percapita risk of a susceptible person being infected. The FoI captures the fundamental dynamics of transmission and is crucial for gauging control efforts, such as identifying vaccination targets. Dengue virus (DENV) is a mosquito-borne, multiserotype pathogen that currently infects similar to 390 million people a year. Existing estimates of the DENV FoI are inaccurate because they rely on the unrealistic assumption that risk is constant over time. Dengue models are thus unreliable for designing vaccine deployment strategies. Here, we present to our knowledge the first time-varying (daily), serotype-specific estimates of DENV FoIs using a spline-based fitting procedure designed to examine a 12-y, longitudinal DENV serological dataset from Iquitos, Peru (11,703 individuals, 38,416 samples, and 22,301 serotype-specific DENV infections from 1999 to 2010). The yearly DENV FoI varied markedly across time and serotypes (0-0.33), as did daily basic reproductive numbers (0.49-4.72). During specific time periods, the FoI fluctuations correlated across serotypes, indicating that different DENV serotypes shared common transmission drivers. The marked variation in transmission intensity that we detected indicates that intervention targets based on one-time estimates of the FoI could underestimate the level of effort needed to prevent disease. Our description of dengue virus transmission dynamics is unprecedented in detail, providing a basis for understanding the persistence of this rapidly emerging pathogen and improving disease prevention programs. C1 [Reiner, Robert C., Jr.; Stoddard, Steven T.; King, Aaron A.; Ellis, Alicia M.; Lloyd, Alun L.; Vazquez-Prokopec, Gonzalo M.; Kitron, Uriel; Scott, Thomas W.] NIH, Fogarty Int Ctr, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Reiner, Robert C., Jr.; Stoddard, Steven T.; Long, Kanya C.; Morrison, Amy C.; Scott, Thomas W.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Entomol & Nematol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Forshey, Brett M.; Rocha, Claudio; Vilcarromero, Stalin; Astete, Helvio; Bazan, Isabel; Halsey, Eric S.; Morrison, Amy C.; Kochel, Tadeusz J.] US Naval Med Res Unit 6 Lima & Iquitos, Lima, Peru. [King, Aaron A.] Univ Michigan, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Ellis, Alicia M.] Univ Vermont, Rubenstein Sch Environm & Nat Resources, Burlington, VT 05405 USA. [Lloyd, Alun L.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Math, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Lloyd, Alun L.] N Carolina State Univ, Biomath Grad Program, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Long, Kanya C.] Andrews Univ, Dept Biol, Berrien Springs, MI 49104 USA. [Lenhart, Audrey; McCall, Philip J.] Univ Liverpool, Liverpool Sch Trop Med, Liverpool L3 5QA, Merseyside, England. [Lenhart, Audrey] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Entomol Branch, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Vazquez-Prokopec, Gonzalo M.; Kitron, Uriel] Emory Univ, Dept Environm Sci, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Paz-Soldan, Valerie A.] Tulane Univ, Sch Publ Hlth & Trop Med, New Orleans, LA 70112 USA. [Elder, John P.] San Diego State Univ, Grad Sch Publ Hlth, Inst Behav & Community Hlth, San Diego, CA 92182 USA. RP Reiner, RC (reprint author), NIH, Fogarty Int Ctr, Bldg 10, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM rcreiner@ucdavis.edu OI Vilcarromero, Stalin/0000-0002-9097-0638 FU Research and Policy for Infectious Disease Dynamics program of the Science and Technology Directory, Department of Homeland Security; Fogarty International Center, National Institutes of Health (NIH); NIH [RO1 AI-42332, RO1 AI069341, R01AI091980]; Innovative Vector Control Consortium; US Department of Defense Global Emerging Infections Systems Research Program [847705.82000.25GB.B0016]; Military Infectious Disease Research Program [6000 RAD1.S.B0302, S0002 04 LI, DOD S0017 03LI, DOD 32519, S0088 06 NM]; Deployed Warfighter Protection Program [DOD S0002 04]; Wellcome Trust [08571]; National Science Foundation [DMS 1246991] FX We thank Neil Ferguson and an anonymous reviewer for comments that improved this manuscript. In particular, we acknowledge Dr. Ferguson's helpful suggestions regarding our calculations of R0. We thank Tom Lindstrom for insightful comments on our Bayesian approach. This work was supported by the Research and Policy for Infectious Disease Dynamics program of the Science and Technology Directory, Department of Homeland Security, and Fogarty International Center, National Institutes of Health (NIH); NIH Grants RO1 AI-42332 and RO1 AI069341; Innovative Vector Control Consortium; US Department of Defense Global Emerging Infections Systems Research Program Work Unit 847705.82000.25GB.B0016; Military Infectious Disease Research Program Work Units 6000 RAD1.S.B0302, S0002 04 LI, DOD S0017 03LI, DOD 32519, and S0088 06 NM; Deployed Warfighter Protection Program DOD S0002 04; and Wellcome Trust Grant 08571. A.L.L. acknowledges support from NIH Grant R01AI091980 and National Science Foundation Grant DMS 1246991. E.S.H. and T.J.K. are military service members and B.M.F., S.V., H.A., I.B., A.L., and A.C.M. are employees of the US Government. This work was prepared as part of their official duties. Title 17 U.S.C. 105 provides that "Copyright protection under this title is not available for any work of the United States Government." Title 17 U.S.C. 101 defines a US Government work as a work prepared by a military service members or employees of the US Government as part of those persons' official duties. NR 56 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 2 U2 19 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD JUL 1 PY 2014 VL 111 IS 26 BP E2694 EP E2702 DI 10.1073/pnas.1314933111 PG 9 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AK0QG UT WOS:000338118900012 PM 24847073 ER PT J AU Dombkowski, KJ Costello, LE Harrington, LB Dong, SM Kolasa, M Clark, SJ AF Dombkowski, Kevin J. Costello, Lauren E. Harrington, Laura B. Dong, Shiming Kolasa, Maureen Clark, Sarah J. TI Age-Specific Strategies for Immunization Reminders and Recalls A Registry-Based Randomized Trial SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID INFLUENZA VACCINATION; INFORMATION-SYSTEMS; FAMILY PHYSICIANS; UNITED-STATES; BARRIERS; CHILDREN; URBAN; INTERVENTIONS; RATES; NOTIFICATIONS AB Background: Although previous studies have found reminder/recall to be effective in increasing immunization rates, little guidance exists regarding the specific ages at which it is optimal to send reminder/recall notices. Purpose: To assess the relative effectiveness of centralized reminder/recall strategies targeting age-specific vaccination milestones among children in urban areas during June 2008 June 2009. Methods: Three reminder/recall strategies used capabilities of the Michigan Care Improvement Registry (MCIR), a statewide immunization information system: a 7-month recall strategy, a 12-month reminder strategy, and a 19-month recall strategy. Eligible children were randomized to notification (intervention) or no notification groups (control). Primary study outcomes included MCIR-recorded immunization activity (administration of >= 1 new dose, entry of >= 1 historic dose, entry of immunization waiver) within 60 days following each notification cycle. Results: A total of 10,175 children were included: 2,072 for the 7-month recall, 3,502 for the 12-month reminder, and 4,601 for the 19-month recall. Immunization activity was similar between notification versus no notification groups at both 7 and 12 months. Significantly more 19-month-old children in the recall group (26%) had immunization activity compared to their counterparts who did not receive a recall notification (19%). Conclusions: Although recall notifications can positively affect immunization activity, the effect may vary by targeted age group. Many 7- and 12-month-olds had immunization activity following reminder/recall; however, levels of activity were similar irrespective of notification, suggesting that these groups were likely to receive medical care or immunization services without prompting. (C) 2014 American Journal of Preventive Medicine. All rights reserved. C1 [Dombkowski, Kevin J.; Costello, Lauren E.; Harrington, Laura B.; Dong, Shiming; Clark, Sarah J.] Univ Michigan, Child Hlth Evaluat & Res Unit, Div Gen Pediat, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Kolasa, Maureen] CDC, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Dombkowski, KJ (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Div Gen Pediat, 300 N Ingalls, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. EM kjd@med.umich.edu FU CDC [U011P000088] FX This study was supported by the CDC (Cooperative Agreement No. U011P000088). The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the CDC. NR 41 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 EI 1873-2607 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 47 IS 1 BP 1 EP 8 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2014.02.009 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA AJ4PH UT WOS:000337657800001 PM 24750973 ER PT J AU Helmick, CG Lee-Han, H Hirsch, SC Baird, TL Bartlett, CL AF Helmick, Charles G. Lee-Han, Hyewon Hirsch, Shawn C. Baird, Tiffany L. Bartlett, Christopher L. TI Prevalence of Psoriasis Among Adults in the US 2003-2006 and 2009-2010 National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID QUALITY-OF-LIFE; ALCOHOL-CONSUMPTION; RISK-FACTORS; METABOLIC SYNDROME; CLINICAL SEVERITY; UNITED-STATES; ARTHRITIS; POPULATION; SMOKING; OBESITY AB Background: A 2010 CDC-sponsored consultation of psoriasis, psoriatic arthritis, and public health experts developed a public health agenda for psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis indicating that additional population-based research is needed to better characterize psoriasis in the population. Purpose: To better characterize the burden of psoriasis in the U.S. using recent population-based, cross-sectional data in this 2012 analysis. Methods: A subset of 10,676 adults aged 20-59 years from the 2003-2006 and 2009-2010 National. Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys was used to examine psoriasis prevalence, severity, disparities, health-related quality of life, and selected comorbidities. Results: The overall prevalence of psoriasis was 3.1% (95% CI=2.6, 3.6); extrapolating to older adults suggests that 6.7 million adults aged >= 20 years are affected. Psoriasis was significantly more prevalent among non-Hispanic whites than other race/ethnicity subgroups, as well as among those with arthritis. Approximately 82% reported no/little or mild disease; the impact of psoriasis on daily life increased with disease severity (p=0.0001 for trend). Those with psoriasis reported significantly more frequent mental distress or mild to severe depression than those without psoriasis. Psoriasis was also significantly associated with obesity and former smoking status. Conclusions: Psoriasis is a large public health problem. Further characterizing psoriasis from a public-health perspective will require better survey questions and inclusion of these questions in national surveys. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of American Journal of Preventive Medicine C1 [Helmick, Charles G.] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Baird, Tiffany L.] SciMetrika LLC, Atlanta, GA USA. [Lee-Han, Hyewon; Hirsch, Shawn C.; Bartlett, Christopher L.] SciMetrika LLC, Durham, NC USA. RP Helmick, CG (reprint author), CDC, 4770 Buford Hwy,F78, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM chelmick@cdc.gov FU USDHHS; CDC [200-2008-27889] FX We would like to thank the many academic and CDC colleagues who have provided expert consultation and technical advice during the conduct of this work. Specifically, we would like to acknowledge the technical advice of the NHANES staff at the National Center for Health Statistics in the CDC and the topical expertise provided by Drs. Joel M. Gelfand, MD, MSCE, M. Elaine Husni, MD, MPH, Abrar A. Qureshi, MD, MPH, Christopher Ritchlin, MD, MPH, and Jeffrey J. Sacks, MD, MPH. Their support and guidance is greatly appreciated. Funding was provided by the USDHHS, CDC (contract no. 200-2008-27889). NR 54 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 EI 1873-2607 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 47 IS 1 BP 37 EP 45 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2014.02.012 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA AJ4PH UT WOS:000337657800005 PM 24746373 ER PT J AU Proia, KK Thota, AB Njie, GJ Finnie, RKC Hopkins, DP Mukhtar, Q Pronk, NP Zeigler, D Kottke, TE Rask, KJ Lackland, DT Brooks, JF Braun, LT Cooksey, T AF Proia, Krista K. Thota, Anilkrishna B. Njie, Gibril J. Finnie, Ramona K. C. Hopkins, David P. Mukhtar, Qaiser Pronk, Nicolaas P. Zeigler, Donald Kottke, Thomas E. Rask, Kimberly J. Lackland, Daniel T. Brooks, Joy F. Braun, Lynne T. Cooksey, Tonya CA Community Preventive Serv Task For TI Team-Based Care and Improved Blood Pressure Control A Community Guide Systematic Review SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Review ID RANDOMIZED-CONTROLLED-TRIAL; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE RISK; PHARMACIST INTERVENTION PROGRAM; HYPERTENSIVE AFRICAN-AMERICANS; THERAPY MANAGEMENT PROGRAM; MEDICATION ADHERENCE; SELF-MANAGEMENT; UNCONTROLLED HYPERTENSION; PREVENTIVE-SERVICES; QUALITY IMPROVEMENT AB Context: Uncontrolled hypertension remains a widely prevalent cardiovascular risk factor in the U.S. team-based care, established by adding new staff or changing the roles of existing staff such as nurses and pharmacists to work with a primary care provider and the patient. Team-based care has the potential to improve the quality of hypertension management. The goal of this Community Guide systematic review was to examine the effectiveness of team-based care in improving blood pressure (BP) outcomes. Evidence acquisition: An existing systematic review (search period, January 1980-July 2003) assessing team-based care for BP control was supplemented with a Community Guide update (January 2003-May 2012). For the Community Guide update, two reviewers independently abstracted data and assessed quality of eligible studies. Evidence synthesis: Twenty-eight studies in the prior review (1980-2003) and an additional 52 studies from the Community Guide update (2003-2012) qualified for inclusion. Results from both bodies of evidence suggest that team-based care is effective in improving BP outcomes. From the update, the proportion of patients with controlled BP improved (median increase=12 percentage points); systolic BP decreased (median reduction=5.4 mmHg); and diastolic BP also decreased (median reduction=1.8 mmHg). Conclusions: Team-based care increased the proportion of people with controlled BP and reduced both systolic and diastolic BP, especially when pharmacists and nurses were part of the team. Findings are applicable to a range of U.S. settings and population groups. Implementation of this multidisciplinary approach will require health system-level organizational changes and could be an important element of the medical home. (C) Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of American Journal of Preventive Medicine C1 [Proia, Krista K.; Thota, Anilkrishna B.; Njie, Gibril J.; Finnie, Ramona K. C.; Hopkins, David P.; Mukhtar, Qaiser; Cooksey, Tonya] CDC, Community Guide Branch, Div Epidemiol Anal & Lib Serv, Ctr Surveillance Epidemiol & Lab Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Rask, Kimberly J.] Emory Univ, Georgia Med Care Fdn, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Pronk, Nicolaas P.; Kottke, Thomas E.] HealthPartners, Minneapolis, MN USA. [Zeigler, Donald] Amer Med Assoc, Chicago, IL 60610 USA. [Braun, Lynne T.] Rush Coll Nursing, Chicago, IL USA. [Brooks, Joy F.] S Carolina Dept Hlth & Environm Control, Columbia, SC 29201 USA. [Lackland, Daniel T.] Med Univ S Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. RP Thota, AB (reprint author), CDC, Community Guide Branch, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mailstop E69, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM athota@cdc.gov RI rask, kimberly/M-8001-2016 FU Division for Heart Disease and Stroke Prevention (CDC) FX The authors acknowledge Michael Schooley, David Callahan, Diane Dunet, and the Division for Heart Disease and Stroke Prevention (CDC) for their support at every step of the review. Barry Carter; Jeanette Daly (both at the University of Iowa); Kathryn MacDonald (Stanford University); and Paula Yoon (Division of Epidemiology, Analysis, and Library Services, CDC) provided guidance during the initial conceptualization. Kimberly Lane and Heba Athar (both CDC) contributed to review processes. Randy Elder, Kate W. Harris, and Onnalee Gomez (all from the Community Guide Branch, CDC) provided input on various stages of the review and the development of the manuscript. NR 102 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 3 U2 17 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 EI 1873-2607 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 47 IS 1 BP 86 EP 99 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2014.03.004 PG 14 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA AJ4PH UT WOS:000337657800011 PM 24933494 ER PT J AU Thota, AB AF Thota, Anilkrishna B. CA Community Preventive Serv Task For TI Team-Based Care to Improve Blood Pressure Control Recommendation of the Community Preventive Services Task Force SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Thota, Anilkrishna B.; Community Preventive Serv Task For] CDC, Community Guide Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Thota, AB (reprint author), CDC, Community Guide Branch, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mailstop E69, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM athota@cdc.gov NR 6 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 EI 1873-2607 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 47 IS 1 BP 100 EP 102 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2014.03.003 PG 3 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA AJ4PH UT WOS:000337657800012 ER PT J AU Tsang, RSW Bruce, MG Lem, M Barreto, L Ulanova, M AF Tsang, R. S. W. Bruce, M. G. Lem, M. Barreto, L. Ulanova, M. TI A review of invasive Haemophilus influenzae disease in the Indigenous populations of North America SO EPIDEMIOLOGY AND INFECTION LA English DT Review DE Haemophilus influenzae; Haemophilus influenzae vaccine (type b); infectious disease epidemiology; immunoepidemiology; Indigenous populations ID ALASKA NATIVE INFANTS; B CONJUGATE VACCINE; HIGH-RISK POPULATION; HEMOPHILUS-INFLUENZAE; CAPSULAR POLYSACCHARIDE; ANTICAPSULAR ANTIBODY; CHANGING EPIDEMIOLOGY; SEROTYPE REPLACEMENT; APACHE CHILDREN; NAVAJO CHILDREN AB Historically, the highest incidence rates of invasive Haemophilus influenzae disease in the world were found in North American and Australian Indigenous children. Although immunization against H. influenzae type b (Hib) led to a marked decrease in invasive Hib disease in countries where it was implemented, this disease has not been eliminated and its rates in Indigenous communities remain higher than in the general North American population. In this literature review, we examined the epidemiology of invasive H. influenzae disease in the pre-Hib vaccine era, effect of carriage on disease epidemiology, immune response to H. influenzae infection and Hib vaccination in Indigenous and Caucasian children, and the changing epidemiology after Hib conjugate vaccine has been in use for more than two decades in North America. We also explored reasons behind the continued high rates of invasive H. influenzae disease in Indigenous populations in North America. H. influenzae type a (Hia) has emerged as a significant cause of severe disease in North American Indigenous communities. More research is needed to define the genotypic diversity of Hia and the disease burden that it causes in order to determine if a Hia vaccine is required to protect the vulnerable populations. C1 [Tsang, R. S. W.] Publ Hlth Agcy Canada, Natl Microbiol Lab, Winnipeg, MB, Canada. [Bruce, M. G.] US Ctr Dis Prevent & Control, CDC, Arctic Invest Program, Div Preparedness & Emerging Infect, Anchorage, AK USA. [Lem, M.] Fraser Hlth Author, Abbotsford, BC, Canada. [Barreto, L.] Natl Res Council Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada. [Ulanova, M.] Northern Ontario Sch Med, Div Med Sci, Thunder Bay, ON, Canada. RP Ulanova, M (reprint author), Lakehead Univ, Northern Ontario Sch Med, Div Med Sci, 955 Oliver Rd, Thunder Bay, ON P7B 5E1, Canada. EM Marina.Ulanova@nosm.ca NR 79 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 13 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0950-2688 EI 1469-4409 J9 EPIDEMIOL INFECT JI Epidemiol. Infect. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 142 IS 7 BP 1344 EP 1354 DI 10.1017/S0950268814000405 PG 11 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA AI9ZB UT WOS:000337306100002 PM 24598220 ER PT J AU Hoerger, TJ Bradley, C Schillie, SF Reilly, M Murphy, TV AF Hoerger, Thomas J. Bradley, Christina Schillie, Sarah F. Reilly, Meredith Murphy, Trudy V. TI Cost-Effectiveness of Ensuring Hepatitis B Protection for Previously Vaccinated Healthcare Personnel SO INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ECONOMIC-ANALYSIS; FOLLOW-UP; IMMUNIZATION; VIRUS; INFECTION; WORKERS; RISK; CHILDREN; IMMUNITY; ADULTS AB OBJECTIVE. To examine the cost-effectiveness of pre- and postexposure approaches for ensuring hepatitis B protection among previously vaccinated healthcare personnel (HCP). DESIGN. A decision-analytic model was developed for alternative strategies of ensuring hepatitis B protection under assumptions of 68% and 95% long-term protection after a primary vaccination series. Costs and quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) lost from infections were estimated, and incremental cost-effectiveness ratios (ICERs) were calculated relative to a no intervention alternative over 10 years of intervention. Separate analyses were performed for trainees and nontrainees, using the healthcare system perspective. Trainees face higher risk of exposure and likely received primary vaccination as infants. SETTING. General healthcare settings. PARTICIPANTS. Trainee and nontrainee HCP. INTERVENTIONS. Preexposure testing for antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen followed by additional vaccination for HCP without protective antibody levels; postexposure evaluation and management for HCP reporting blood or body fluid exposures RESULTS. The preexposure strategy prevents more infections and has higher costs than the postexposure strategy or no intervention. For trainees, 10-year preexposure evaluation ICERs are $832,875 and $144,457 per QALY for 95% and 68% long-term vaccine protection, respectively. Trainee 10-year postexposure evaluation ICERs are $1,146,660 and $191,579 per QALY under the 95% and 68% long-term protection assumptions, respectively. For nontrainees, 10-year ICERs are $745,739 and $1,129,286 per QALY for the preexposure and postexposure evaluation strategies, respectively. CONCLUSIONS. ICERs may inform decision makers as they decide whether the added cost of the preexposure strategy provides sufficient value in preventing infections. C1 [Hoerger, Thomas J.; Bradley, Christina] RTI Int, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Schillie, Sarah F.; Reilly, Meredith; Murphy, Trudy V.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Hoerger, TJ (reprint author), RTI Int, 3040 Cornwallis Rd, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM tjh@rti.org FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [200-2009-30991 TO3] FX RTI International's work on this project was supported by Centers for Disease Control and Prevention contract 200-2009-30991 TO3. NR 39 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 7 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0899-823X EI 1559-6834 J9 INFECT CONT HOSP EP JI Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 35 IS 7 BP 845 EP 854 DI 10.1086/676865 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA AJ5OV UT WOS:000337735400010 PM 24915213 ER PT J AU Garrison, LE Shaw, KMS McCollum, JT Dexter, C Vagnone, PMS Thompson, JH Giambrone, G White, B Thomas, S Carpenter, LR Nichols, M Parker, E Petit, S Hicks, LA Langley, GE AF Garrison, Laurel E. Shaw, Kristin M. S. McCollum, Jeffrey T. Dexter, Carol Vagnone, Paula M. Snippes Thompson, Jamie H. Giambrone, Gregory White, Benjamin Thomas, Stepy Carpenter, L. Rand Nichols, Megin Parker, Erin Petit, Susan Hicks, Lauri A. Langley, Gayle E. TI On-Site Availability of Legionella Testing in Acute Care Hospitals, United States SO INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID LEGIONNAIRES-DISEASE; MORTALITY AB We surveyed 399 US acute care hospitals regarding availability of on-site Legionella testing; 300 (75.2%) did not offer Legionella testing on site. Availability varied according to hospital size and geographic location. On-site access to testing may improve detection of Legionnaires disease and inform patient management and prevention efforts. C1 [Garrison, Laurel E.; Hicks, Lauri A.; Langley, Gayle E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Resp Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Shaw, Kristin M. S.; Dexter, Carol] Minnesota Dept Hlth, St Paul, MN USA. [McCollum, Jeffrey T.; White, Benjamin] Colorado Dept Publ Hlth & Environm, Dis Control & Environm Epidemiol Div, Denver, CO USA. [Vagnone, Paula M. Snippes] Minnesota Dept Hlth, Publ Hlth Lab, St Paul, MN USA. [Thompson, Jamie H.] Oregon Publ Hlth Div, Portland, OR USA. [Giambrone, Gregory] New York Emerging Infect Program, Div Epidemiol, Albany, NY USA. [Thomas, Stepy] Atlanta Res & Educ Fdn, Georgia Emerging Infect Program, Decatur, GA USA. [Carpenter, L. Rand] Tennessee Dept Hlth, Nashville, TN USA. [Nichols, Megin] New Mexico Dept Hlth, Epidemiol & Response Div, Santa Fe, NM USA. [Parker, Erin] Calif Emerging Infect Program, Oakland, CA USA. [Petit, Susan] Connecticut Dept Publ Hlth, Epidemiol Program, Hartford, CT USA. RP Garrison, LE (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, NCIRD DBD Resp Dis Branch, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS C-25, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM lee5@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Emerging Infections Program; National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases FX Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Emerging Infections Program and National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases. NR 8 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 5 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0899-823X EI 1559-6834 J9 INFECT CONT HOSP EP JI Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 35 IS 7 BP 898 EP 900 DI 10.1086/676871 PG 3 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA AJ5OV UT WOS:000337735400022 PM 24915225 ER PT J AU Maddox, RA Schonberger, LB Belay, ED AF Maddox, Ryan A. Schonberger, Lawrence B. Belay, Ermias D. TI Managing the Consequences of Neurosurgical Intervention in a Patient with Previously Undiagnosed Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease Reply SO INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Letter C1 [Maddox, Ryan A.; Schonberger, Lawrence B.; Belay, Ermias D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Maddox, RA (reprint author), 1600 Clifton Rd,Mailstop A-30, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM rmaddox@cdc.gov NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0899-823X EI 1559-6834 J9 INFECT CONT HOSP EP JI Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 35 IS 7 BP 908 EP 909 DI 10.1086/676880 PG 3 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA AJ5OV UT WOS:000337735400026 PM 24915229 ER PT J AU Schwitters, A Kaggwa, M Omiel, P Nagadya, G Kisa, N Dalal, S AF Schwitters, A. Kaggwa, M. Omiel, P. Nagadya, G. Kisa, N. Dalal, S. TI Tuberculosis incidence and treatment completion among Ugandan prison inmates SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TUBERCULOSIS AND LUNG DISEASE LA English DT Article DE TB; prisons; Uganda ID MULTIDRUG-RESISTANT TUBERCULOSIS; AFRICAN PRISONS; PROGRAMS; TIME AB BACKGROUND: The Uganda Prisons Service (UPS) is responsible for the health of approximately 32 500 inmates in 233 prisons. In 2008 a rapid UPS assessment estimated TB prevalence at 654/100 000, three times that of the general population (183/100 000). Although treatment programs exist, little is known about treatment completion in sub-Saharan African prisons. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective study of Ugandan prisoners diagnosed with TB from June 2011 to November 2012. We analyzed TB diagnosis, TB-HIV comorbidity and treatment completion from national registers and tracked prison transfers and releases. RESULTS: A total of 469 prisoners were diagnosed with TB over the 1.5-year period (incidence 955/100 000 person-years). Of 466 prisoners starting treatment, 48% completed treatment, 43% defaulted, 5% died and 4% were currently on treatment. During treatment, 12% of prisoners remaining in the same prison defaulted, 53% of transfers defaulted and 81% of those released were lost to follow-up. The odds of defaulting were 8.36 times greater among prisoners who were transferred during treatment. CONCLUSIONS: TB incidence and treatment default are high among Ugandan prisoners. Strategies to improve treatment completion and prevent multidrug resistance could include avoiding transfer of TB patients, improving communications between prisons to ensure treatment follow-up after transfer and facilitating transfer to community clinics for released prisoners. C1 [Schwitters, A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Div Global HIV AIDS, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Kaggwa, M.; Kisa, N.] Uganda Prisons Serv, Kampala, Uganda. [Omiel, P.; Nagadya, G.; Dalal, S.] CDC, Div Global HIV AIDS, Ctr Global Hlth, Entebbe, Uganda. RP Schwitters, A (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global HIV AIDS, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop E-30, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM efn6@cdc.gov FU President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR), Washington DC, through the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, GA, USA [5U2GPS001315] FX This project has been supported by the President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR), Washington DC, through the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Atlanta, GA, USA, under the terms of project number 5U2GPS001315. The authors thank the Uganda Prisons Service (Kampala, Uganda) staff for their assistance in collecting records and clarifying notations during the study. NR 36 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 17 PU INT UNION AGAINST TUBERCULOSIS LUNG DISEASE (I U A T L D) PI PARIS PA 68 BOULEVARD SAINT-MICHEL,, 75006 PARIS, FRANCE SN 1027-3719 EI 1815-7920 J9 INT J TUBERC LUNG D JI Int. J. Tuberc. Lung Dis. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 18 IS 7 BP 781 EP 786 DI 10.5588/ijtld.13.0934 PG 6 WC Infectious Diseases; Respiratory System SC Infectious Diseases; Respiratory System GA AJ4RB UT WOS:000337662400008 PM 24902552 ER PT J AU Bansal, AK Kulshrestha, N Nagaraja, SB Rade, K Choudhary, A Parmar, M Nair, SA Dewan, RK Yadav, R Moonan, PK Kumar, A AF Bansal, A. K. Kulshrestha, N. Nagaraja, S. B. Rade, K. Choudhary, A. Parmar, M. Nair, S. A. Dewan, R. K. Yadav, R. Moonan, P. K. Kumar, A. TI Composite indicator: new tool for monitoring RNTCP performance in India SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TUBERCULOSIS AND LUNG DISEASE LA English DT Article DE monitoring and evaluation; tuberculosis; programme implementation; India AB India's Revised National Tuberculosis Control Programme (RNTCP) used the international benchmarks of 70% case detection rate and 85% treatment success rate among new smear-positive tuberculosis (TB) cases for assessing programme performance. This approach overemphasises outcomes and focuses on quantitative benchmarks without sufficient regard to developing systems to monitor appropriate programme practice to achieve a minimum standard of TB care services. The RNTCP has developed a novel composite indicator tool based on a logical framework pathway to move beyond narrow-focused outcome indicators such as case detection to encourage a broad-based analysis of programme implementation. The constituent indicators are from routinely monitored information, spanning input, process, output and outcome indicators across various thematic categories of the RNTCP. C1 [Bansal, A. K.; Kulshrestha, N.; Nagaraja, S. B.; Rade, K.; Parmar, M.; Kumar, A.] Minist Hlth & Family Welf, Cent TB Div, Directorate Gen Hlth Serv, New Delhi, India. [Choudhary, A.; Nair, S. A.] Off WHO Representat India, New Delhi, India. [Yadav, R.] SMS Med Coll & Hosp, Dept Prevent & Social Med, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India. [Dewan, R. K.] Bill & Melinda Fates Fdn, New Delhi, India. [Moonan, P. K.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Bansal, AK (reprint author), Nirman Bhavan, Cent TB Div, New Delhi 110011, India. EM bansalavi@hotmail.com OI Moonan, Patrick/0000-0002-3550-2065 FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999]; World Health Organization [001] NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU INT UNION AGAINST TUBERCULOSIS LUNG DISEASE (I U A T L D) PI PARIS PA 68 BOULEVARD SAINT-MICHEL,, 75006 PARIS, FRANCE SN 1027-3719 EI 1815-7920 J9 INT J TUBERC LUNG D JI Int. J. Tuberc. Lung Dis. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 18 IS 7 BP 840 EP 842 DI 10.5588/ijtld.13.0986 PG 3 WC Infectious Diseases; Respiratory System SC Infectious Diseases; Respiratory System GA AJ4RB UT WOS:000337662400018 PM 24902562 ER PT J AU Ford, ES Wheaton, AG Chapman, DP Li, CY Perry, GS Croft, JB AF Ford, Earl S. Wheaton, Anne G. Chapman, Daniel P. Li, Chaoyang Perry, Geraldine S. Croft, Janet B. TI Associations between self-reported sleep duration and sleeping disorder with concentrations of fasting and 2-h glucose, insulin, and glycosylated hemoglobin among adults without diagnosed diabetes SO JOURNAL OF DIABETES LA English DT Article DE glucose; glycated hemoglobin; insulin; sleep apnea; sleep ID HEALTHY-YOUNG MEN; RISK-FACTOR; APNEA; RESISTANCE; RESTRICTION; TOLERANCE; METAANALYSIS; POPULATION; DEPRIVATION; MELLITUS AB Background: There is limited information from population-based investigations of the associations between sleep duration and sleep disorders and parameters of glucose homeostasis. The objective of the present study was to examine cross-sectional associations between sleep duration and sleep disordered breathing with concentrations of insulin, fasting and 2-h glucose, and HbA1c. Methods: Data from 11 815 adults aged >= 20 years without diagnosed diabetes (5002 with an oral glucose tolerance test) from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2005-2010 were used. Information about sleep duration (2005-2010) and sleep apnea and sleep-disordered breathing (20052008) was obtained via questionnaire. Results: An estimated 36.0% of participants reported sleeping <= 6 h/night, 62.0% reported sleeping 7-9 h/night, and 2.0% reported sleeping >= 10 h/night. In 2005-2008, 33.0% reported snoring >= 5 nights per week, 5.9% reported they snorted, gasped, or stopped breathing >= 5 nights/week, and 4.2% reported sleep apnea. Sleep duration was significantly associated with fasting concentrations of insulin and concentrations of HbA1c only in models that did not adjust for body mass index (BMI). Concentrations of fasting and 2-h glucose were significantly associated with sleep duration in models that adjusted only for age. Snoring frequency was positively associated with concentrations of insulin and HbA1c. Frequency of snorting or stopping breathing and sleep apnea status were associated with concentrations of insulin and of HbA1c only when BMI was not accounted for. Conclusion: In a representative sample of US adults, concentrations of insulin and HbA1c were significantly associated with short sleep duration, possibly mediated by BMI. C1 [Ford, Earl S.; Wheaton, Anne G.; Chapman, Daniel P.; Perry, Geraldine S.; Croft, Janet B.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Populat Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Li, Chaoyang] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Environm Hazards & Hlth Effects, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Ford, ES (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 4770 Buford Highway,MS F78, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM eford@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 62 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 8 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1753-0393 EI 1753-0407 J9 J DIABETES JI J. Diabetes PD JUL PY 2014 VL 6 IS 4 BP 338 EP 350 DI 10.1111/1753-0407.12101 PG 13 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA AJ3JL UT WOS:000337562300012 PM 24164804 ER PT J AU Gerbi, GB Rupp, LB Ko, SC Moorman, AC Holmberg, SD Xu, FJ AF Gerbi, Gemechu B. Rupp, Loralee B. Ko, Stephen C. Moorman, Anne C. Holmberg, Scott D. Xu, Fujie CA CHeCS Investigators TI Reported reasons for testing among hepatitis B virus-infected patients - Chronic Hepatitis Cohort Study (CHeCS), United States, 2006-2010 SO LIVER INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Letter ID CARE C1 [Gerbi, Gemechu B.; Ko, Stephen C.; Moorman, Anne C.; Holmberg, Scott D.; Xu, Fujie] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Rupp, Loralee B.] Henry Ford Hlth Syst, Detroit, MI USA. RP Gerbi, GB (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mailstop G-37, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 4 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1478-3223 EI 1478-3231 J9 LIVER INT JI Liver Int. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 34 IS 6 BP E162 EP E163 DI 10.1111/liv.12509 PG 2 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA AJ5OG UT WOS:000337733400021 PM 24589333 ER PT J AU McMurray, RG Soares, J Caspersen, CJ McCurdy, T AF McMurray, Robert G. Soares, Jesus Caspersen, Carl J. McCurdy, Thomas TI Examining Variations of Resting Metabolic Rate of Adults: A Public Health Perspective SO MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE LA English DT Article DE KILOCALORIES; OXYGEN UPTAKE; META-ANALYSIS; BODY MASS INDEX; SEXES; AGE ID BODY-FAT DISTRIBUTION; BROWN ADIPOSE-TISSUE; ENERGY-EXPENDITURE; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITIES; OXYGEN-CONSUMPTION; OBESE WOMEN; AGE; MEN; METAANALYSIS; EXERCISE AB Purpose: There has not been a recent comprehensive effort to examine existing studies on the resting metabolic rate (RMR) of adults to identify the effect of common population demographic and anthropometric characteristics. Thus, we reviewed the literature on RMR (kcal.kg(-1).h(-1)) to determine the relationship of age, sex, and obesity status to RMR as compared with the commonly accepted value for the metabolic equivalent (MET; e. g., 1.0 kcal.kg(-1).h(-1)). Methods: Using several databases, scientific articles published from 1980 to 2011 were identified that measured RMR, and from those, others dating back to 1920 were identified. One hundred and ninety-seven studies were identified, resulting in 397 publication estimates of RMR that could represent a population subgroup. Inverse variance weighting technique was applied to compute means and 95% confidence intervals (CI). Results: The mean value for RMR was 0.863 kcal.kg(-1).h(-1) (95% CI = 0.852-0.874), higher for men than women, decreasing with increasing age, and less in overweight than normal weight adults. Regardless of sex, adults with BMI >= 30 kg.m(-2) had the lowest RMR (<0.741 kcal.kg(-1).h(-1)). Conclusions: No single value for RMR is appropriate for all adults. Adhering to the nearly universally accepted MET convention may lead to the overestimation of the RMR of approximately 10% for men and almost 15% for women and be as high as 20%-30% for some demographic and anthropometric combinations. These large errors raise questions about the longstanding adherence to the conventional MET value for RMR. Failure to recognize this discrepancy may result in important miscalculations of energy expended from interventions using physical activity for diabetes and other chronic disease prevention efforts. C1 [McMurray, Robert G.] Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Soares, Jesus; Caspersen, Carl J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Atlanta, GA USA. [McCurdy, Thomas] US Environm Protect Agcy EPA, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. RP McMurray, RG (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, CB 8700,Fetzer Hall, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. EM exphys@live.unc.edu FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 47 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 3 U2 15 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 0195-9131 EI 1530-0315 J9 MED SCI SPORT EXER JI Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 46 IS 7 BP 1352 EP 1358 DI 10.1249/MSS.0000000000000232 PG 7 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA AJ5EO UT WOS:000337705300010 PM 24300125 ER PT J AU Washburn, K Goodwin, C Pathela, P Blank, S AF Washburn, Kate Goodwin, Chris Pathela, Preeti Blank, Susan TI Insurance and Billing Concerns Among Patients Seeking Free and Confidential Sexually Transmitted Disease Care: New York City Sexually Transmitted Disease Clinics 2012 SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES LA English DT Article AB Background Historically, New York City (NYC) Department of Health and Mental Hygiene (DOHMH) sexually transmitted disease (STD) clinics have operated completely free of charge but will soon begin billing patients for services. To inform billing strategies, we surveyed NYC DOHMH STD clinic patients in fall 2012 to examine response to the prospect of billing insurance and charging sliding-scale fees for services. Methods A total of 5017 individuals were surveyed from all patients accessing clinic services between September and December 2012 at 8 NYC DOHMH STD clinics. The anonymous survey was provided at registration to all patients, in English or Spanish. The data were analyzed to determine patient insurance status and other characteristics related to billing for STD services. Results More than half of respondents (51.0%) were uninsured, and 42.3% were unemployed. For 20.2% of respondents, billing would pose a considerable barrier to care. Nearly half of those insured (48.4%) said that they would not be willing to share insurance information with the STD clinics. Conclusions Respondents who said they would not access STD clinic services if charged represent approximately 13,600 individuals each year who, if not promptly diagnosed and treated elsewhere, could be a continuing source of STIs including HIV. Confidentiality concerns and income are potential obstacles to billing insurance or charging a direct fee for STD services. New York City DOHMH plans to take the concerns raised in the survey findings into account when designing our billing system and carefully evaluate its impact to ensure that the need for accessible, confidential STD services continues to be met. C1 [Washburn, Kate; Goodwin, Chris; Pathela, Preeti; Blank, Susan] New York City Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, New York, NY USA. [Goodwin, Chris] CDC Publ Hlth Associate Program, Atlanta, GA USA. [Blank, Susan] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Washburn, K (reprint author), NYC Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, 42-09 28th St,20th Floor CN 73, Long Isl City, NY 11101 USA. EM kwashbur@health.nyc.gov NR 7 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0148-5717 EI 1537-4521 J9 SEX TRANSM DIS JI Sex. Transm. Dis. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 41 IS 7 BP 463 EP 466 DI 10.1097/OLQ.0000000000000137 PG 4 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA AJ5QS UT WOS:000337741300011 PM 24922109 ER PT J AU Zimmerman, RK Rinaldo, CR Nowalk, MP Gk, B Thompson, MG Moehling, KK Bullotta, A Wisniewski, S AF Zimmerman, Richard K. Rinaldo, Charles R. Nowalk, Mary Patricia Gk, Balasubramani Thompson, Mark G. Moehling, Krissy K. Bullotta, Arlene Wisniewski, Stephen TI Influenza and other respiratory virus infections in outpatients with medically attended acute respiratory infection during the 2011-12 influenza season SO INFLUENZA AND OTHER RESPIRATORY VIRUSES LA English DT Article DE Co-detection; influenza; RT-PCR; viral infections ID REAL-TIME PCR; VIRAL-INFECTIONS; VACCINE EFFECTIVENESS; RAPID DETECTION; UNITED-STATES; COINFECTIONS; CHILDREN; OBESITY; SYSTEM AB Background Respiratory tract infections are a major cause of outpatient visits, yet only a portion is tested to determine the etiologic organism. Multiplex reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (MRT-PCR) assays for detection of multiple viruses are being used increasingly in clinical settings. Methods During January-April 2012, outpatients with acute respiratory illness (7days) were tested for influenza using singleplex RT-PCR (SRT-PCR). A subset was assayed for 18 viruses using MRT-PCR to compare detection of influenza and examine the distribution of viruses and characteristics of patients using multinomial logistic regression. Results Among 662 participants (6months-82years), detection of influenza was similar between the MRT-PCR and SRT-PCR (=0 center dot 83). No virus was identified in 267 (40.3%) samples. Commonly detected viruses were human rhinovirus (HRV, 15 center dot 4%), coronavirus (CoV, 10 center dot 4%), respiratory syncytial virus (RSV, 8 center dot 4%), human metapneumovirus (hMPV, 8 center dot 3%), and influenza (6%). Co-detections were infrequent (6 center dot 9%) and most commonly occurred among those <18years old. In regression analyses, compared with non-viral illnesses, RSV and hMPV were significantly more frequent in children and less frequent in 18- to 49-year-olds than in those 50years (P=0 center dot 01), fever was more common in hMPV and influenza infections (P=0 center dot 008), nasal congestion was more frequent in CoV, HRV, hMPV, influenza and RSV infections (P=0 center dot 001), and body mass index was higher among those with influenza (P=0 center dot 036). Conclusions Using MRT-PCR, a viral etiology was found in three-fifths of patients with medically attended outpatient visits for acute respiratory illness during the influenza season; co-detected viruses were infrequent. Symptoms varied by viral etiology. C1 [Zimmerman, Richard K.; Nowalk, Mary Patricia; Moehling, Krissy K.] Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Dept Family Med, Pittsburgh, PA USA. [Rinaldo, Charles R.; Bullotta, Arlene] Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Dept Pathol, Pittsburgh, PA USA. [Rinaldo, Charles R.] Univ Pittsburgh, Grad Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Infect Dis & Microbiol, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. [Gk, Balasubramani; Wisniewski, Stephen] Univ Pittsburgh, Grad Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Pittsburgh, PA USA. [Thompson, Mark G.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Zimmerman, RK (reprint author), 3518 5th Ave, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. EM zimmrk@upmc.edu OI Wisniewski, Stephen/0000-0002-3877-9860; Zimmerman, Richard/0000-0001-5941-6092 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [U01 IP000467] FX This investigation was supported by the grant U01 IP000467 from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The views expressed herein are those of the authors and not those of the funding agency. NR 18 TC 9 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 6 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1750-2640 EI 1750-2659 J9 INFLUENZA OTHER RESP JI Influenza Other Respir. Viruses PD JUL PY 2014 VL 8 IS 4 BP 397 EP 405 DI 10.1111/irv.12247 PG 9 WC Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Infectious Diseases; Virology GA AJ3ZS UT WOS:000337608700002 PM 24852890 ER PT J AU Bhuiyan, MU Luby, SP Alamgir, NI Homaira, N Mamun, AA Khan, JAM Abedin, J Sturm-Ramirez, K Gurley, ES Zaman, RU Alamgir, ASM Rahman, M Widdowson, MA Azziz-Baumgartner, E AF Bhuiyan, Mejbah U. Luby, Stephen P. Alamgir, Nadia I. Homaira, Nusrat Mamun, Abdullah A. Khan, Jahangir A. M. Abedin, Jaynal Sturm-Ramirez, Katharine Gurley, Emily S. Zaman, Rashid U. Alamgir, A. S. M. Rahman, Mahmudur Widdowson, Marc-Alain Azziz-Baumgartner, Eduardo TI Economic burden of influenza-associated hospitalizations and outpatient visits in Bangladesh during 2010 SO INFLUENZA AND OTHER RESPIRATORY VIRUSES LA English DT Article DE Bangladesh; cost; hospitalization; influenza; outpatient ID HEALTH-CARE; IMPACT; CHILDREN; DISEASE; COSTS; ILLNESS; PREVENTION; STRATEGIES; HOUSEHOLDS; PAYMENTS AB Objective Understanding the costs of influenza-associated illness in Bangladesh may help health authorities assess the cost-effectiveness of influenza prevention programs. We estimated the annual economic burden of influenza-associated hospitalizations and outpatient visits in Bangladesh. Design From May through October 2010, investigators identified both outpatients and inpatients at four tertiary hospitals with laboratory-confirmed influenza infection through rRT-PCR. Research assistants visited case-patients' homes within 30days of hospital visit/discharge and administered a structured questionnaire to capture direct medical costs (physician consultation, hospital bed, medicines and diagnostic tests), direct non-medical costs (food, lodging and travel) and indirect costs (case-patients' and caregivers' lost income). We used WHO-Choice estimates for routine healthcare service costs. We added direct, indirect and healthcare service costs to calculate cost-per-episode. We used median cost-per-episode, published influenza-associated outpatient and hospitalization rates and Bangladesh census data to estimate the annual economic burden of influenza-associated illnesses in 2010. Results We interviewed 132 outpatients and 41 hospitalized patients. The median cost of an influenza-associated outpatient visit was US$4.80 (IQR=2.93-8.11) and an influenza-associated hospitalization was US$82.20 (IQR=59.96-121.56). We estimated that influenza-associated outpatient visits resulted in US$108 million (95% CI: 76-147) in direct costs and US$59 million (95% CI: 37-91) in indirect costs; influenza-associated hospitalizations resulted in US$1.4 million (95% CI: 0.4-2.6) in direct costs and US$0.4 million (95% CI: 0.1-0.8) in indirect costs in 2010. Conclusions In Bangladesh, influenza-associated illnesses caused an estimated US$169 million in economic loss in 2010, largely driven by frequent but low-cost outpatient visits. C1 [Bhuiyan, Mejbah U.; Luby, Stephen P.; Homaira, Nusrat; Mamun, Abdullah A.; Khan, Jahangir A. M.; Abedin, Jaynal; Sturm-Ramirez, Katharine; Gurley, Emily S.; Zaman, Rashid U.; Azziz-Baumgartner, Eduardo] Icddr B, Ctr Communicable Dis, Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh. [Luby, Stephen P.; Sturm-Ramirez, Katharine; Zaman, Rashid U.; Widdowson, Marc-Alain; Azziz-Baumgartner, Eduardo] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Alamgir, Nadia I.] BRAC Univ, James P Grant Sch Publ Hlth, Dhaka, Bangladesh. [Zaman, Rashid U.] Oxford Policy Management, Oxford, England. [Alamgir, A. S. M.; Rahman, Mahmudur] Inst Epidemiol Dis Control & Res, Dhaka, Bangladesh. RP Bhuiyan, MU (reprint author), Icddr B, 68 Shaheed Tajuddin Ahmed Sarani, Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh. EM mejbah@icddrb.org RI Gurley, Emily/B-7903-2010; OI Gurley, Emily/0000-0002-8648-9403; Luby, Stephen/0000-0001-5385-899X FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) [U01 CI000298] FX This research activity was funded by Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), cooperative agreement U01 CI000298 and icddr,b acknowledges with gratitude the commitment of CDC to its research efforts. The authors also acknowledge the efforts of the research assistants for communicating with study participants and collecting data. We are grateful to all study participants for giving us time at their residence and for their cooperation. We thank Rebekah Borse and Martin Meltzer for their guidance during the development of the study protocol and Dorothy Southern for assisting with the development of the manuscript. NR 43 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1750-2640 EI 1750-2659 J9 INFLUENZA OTHER RESP JI Influenza Other Respir. Viruses PD JUL PY 2014 VL 8 IS 4 BP 406 EP 413 DI 10.1111/irv.12254 PG 8 WC Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Infectious Diseases; Virology GA AJ3ZS UT WOS:000337608700003 PM 24750586 ER PT J AU McCracken, JP Arvelo, W Ortiz, J Reyes, L Gray, J Estevez, A Castaneda, O Langley, G Lindblade, KA AF McCracken, John P. Arvelo, Wences Ortiz, Jose Reyes, Lissette Gray, Jennifer Estevez, Alejandra Castaneda, Oscar Langley, Gayle Lindblade, Kim A. TI Comparative epidemiology of human metapneumovirus- and respiratory syncytial virus-associated hospitalizations in Guatemala SO INFLUENZA AND OTHER RESPIRATORY VIRUSES LA English DT Article DE Acute respiratory infection; human metapneumovirus; pneumonia; respiratory syncytial virus; surveillance ID YOUNG-CHILDREN; TRACT DISEASE; INFLUENZA-VIRUS; OLDER-ADULTS; INFECTIONS; SURVEILLANCE; BRONCHIOLITIS; PNEUMONIA; FEATURES; INFANTS AB Background Human metapneumovirus (HMPV) is an important cause of acute respiratory infections (ARI), but little is known about how it compares with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) in Central America. Objectives In this study, we describe hospitalized cases of HMPV- and RSV-ARI in Guatemala. Methods We conducted surveillance at three hospitals (November 2007-December 2012) and tested nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal swab specimens for HMPV and RSV using real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. We calculated incidence rates, and compared the epidemiology and outcomes of HMPV-positive versus RSV-positive and RSV-HMPV-negative cases. Results We enrolled and tested specimens from 6288 ARI cases; 596 (9%) were HMPV-positive and 1485 (24%) were RSV-positive. We observed a seasonal pattern of RSV but not HMPV. The proportion HMPV-positive was low (3%) and RSV-positive high (41%) for age <1month, whereas these proportions were similar (similar to 20%) by age 2years. The annual incidence of hospitalized HMPV-ARI was 102/100000 children aged <5years [95% confidence interval (CI): 75-178], 2 center dot 6/100000 persons aged 5-17years (95%CI: 1 center dot 2-5 center dot 0), and 2 center dot 6/100000 persons aged 18years (95%CI: 1 center dot 5-4 center dot 9). Among children aged <5years, HMPV-positive cases were less severe than HMPV-RSV-negative cases after adjustment for confounders [odds ratio (OR) for intensive care=0 center dot 63, 95% CI 0 center dot 47-0 center dot 84]; OR for death=0 center dot 46, 95% CI 0 center dot 23-0 center dot 92). Conclusions Human metapneumovirus is a substantial contributor to ARI hospitalization in Guatemala, but HMPV hospitalizations are less frequent than RSV and, in young children, less severe than other etiologies. Preventive interventions should take into account the wide variation in incidence by age and unpredictable timing of incidence peaks. C1 [McCracken, John P.; Gray, Jennifer; Estevez, Alejandra] Univ Valle Guatemala, Ctr Hlth Studies, Guatemala City, Guatemala. [Arvelo, Wences; Lindblade, Kim A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global Dis Detect & Emergency Response, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Ortiz, Jose; Castaneda, Oscar] Guatemalan Social Secur Inst, Guatemala City, Guatemala. [Reyes, Lissette] Minist Publ Hlth & Social Welf, Cuilapa, Santa Rosa, Guatemala. [Langley, Gayle] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP McCracken, JP (reprint author), Univ Valle Guatemala, Ctr Hlth Studies, 18 Ave 11-95,Zona 15,VH 3, Guatemala City, Guatemala. EM jmccracken@ces.uvg.edu.gt FU US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) [UO1 GH000028-02] FX This publication was supported by Cooperative Agreement Number UO1 GH000028-02 from the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). We are grateful to Dr. Juan Carlos Moir, epidemiologist from the Guatemala Ministry of Health who supported the implementation of the surveillance system, to Maria Renee Lopez for performing PCR tests and reviewing the manuscript, and to Dean Erdman for assisting with the description of laboratory methods. NR 41 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 5 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1750-2640 EI 1750-2659 J9 INFLUENZA OTHER RESP JI Influenza Other Respir. Viruses PD JUL PY 2014 VL 8 IS 4 BP 414 EP 421 DI 10.1111/irv.12251 PG 8 WC Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Infectious Diseases; Virology GA AJ3ZS UT WOS:000337608700004 PM 24761765 ER PT J AU Dawood, FS Prapasiri, P Areerat, P Ruayajin, A Chittaganpitch, M Muangchana, C Baggett, HC Olsen, SJ AF Dawood, Fatimah S. Prapasiri, Prabda Areerat, Peera Ruayajin, Asadang Chittaganpitch, Malinee Muangchana, Charung Baggett, Henry C. Olsen, Sonja J. TI Effectiveness of the 2010 and 2011 Southern Hemisphere trivalent inactivated influenza vaccines against hospitalization with influenza-associated acute respiratory infection among Thai adults aged >= 50 years SO INFLUENZA AND OTHER RESPIRATORY VIRUSES LA English DT Article DE Case-control studies; elderly; flu vaccines; hospitalization; influenza vaccine ID UNITED-STATES; VACCINATION; EFFICACY; SEASON AB Background Inactivated influenza vaccine (IIV) effectiveness has been evaluated among older adults in high-income countries, but data on IIV effectiveness in low- and middle-income countries remain sparse. We conducted a test-negative case-control analysis to estimate 2010 and 2011 trivalent IIV effectiveness against hospitalization with influenza-associated acute respiratory infection (ARI) among persons aged 50years in rural Thailand. Methods During 2010-2011, active surveillance for ARI hospitalization was conducted in two provinces; patients were tested for influenza viruses by real-time RT-PCR. Vaccination status was obtained from vaccine registries. Case and control patients were patients with nasopharyngeal swabs positive and negative for influenza viruses, respectively. Vaccine effectiveness (VE) was estimated for the 6months after vaccination began. Logistic regression was used to evaluate the association between case status and vaccination while adjusting for age, province, medical conditions, and time. Results During 2010-2011, there were 1545 patients with ARI, of whom 279 (18%) were influenza-positive case patients and 1266 (82%) were influenza-negative control patients. Of the 279 case patients, 247 (89%) had influenza A and 32 (11%) had influenza B. Fourteen of 279 (5%) case patients and 108 of 1266 (9%) control patients were vaccinated against influenza. The unadjusted IIV effectiveness against hospitalization with influenza-associated ARI was 43% (95% CI: 0-68%); adjusted VE was 47% (95% CI: 5-71%). Conclusion The 2010 and 2011 IIVs were moderately effective against hospitalization with influenza-associated ARI among Thais aged 50years, but IIV coverage was low. Additional efforts are warranted in Thailand to improve IIV uptake in this target group. C1 [Dawood, Fatimah S.; Prapasiri, Prabda; Olsen, Sonja J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Areerat, Peera] Prov Hlth Off, Nakhon Phanom, Thailand. [Ruayajin, Asadang] Prov Hlth Off, Sa Kaeo, Thailand. [Chittaganpitch, Malinee] Thailand Minist Publ Hlth, Natl Inst Hlth, Bangkok, Thailand. [Muangchana, Charung] Natl Vaccine Comm Off, Minist Publ Hlth, Bangkok, Thailand. [Baggett, Henry C.] Thailand MOPH US CDC, Int Emerging Infect Program, Global Dis Detect Ctr, Nonthaburi, Thailand. RP Dawood, FS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd MS A-32, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM fdawood@cdc.gov NR 17 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 6 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1750-2640 EI 1750-2659 J9 INFLUENZA OTHER RESP JI Influenza Other Respir. Viruses PD JUL PY 2014 VL 8 IS 4 BP 463 EP 468 DI 10.1111/irv.12233 PG 6 WC Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Infectious Diseases; Virology GA AJ3ZS UT WOS:000337608700010 PM 24490684 ER PT J AU Bose, ME Sasman, A Mei, H McCaul, KC Kramp, WJ Chen, LM Shively, R Williams, TL Beck, ET Henrickson, KJ AF Bose, Michael E. Sasman, Amy Mei, Hong McCaul, Kate C. Kramp, William J. Chen, Li-Mei Shively, Roxanne Williams, Tracie L. Beck, Eric T. Henrickson, Kelly J. TI Analytical reactivity of 13 commercially available rapid influenza diagnostic tests with H3N2v and recently circulating influenza viruses SO INFLUENZA AND OTHER RESPIRATORY VIRUSES LA English DT Article DE Diagnostic; FDA; H3N2v; influenza; rapid ID UNITED-STATES; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; SWINE; QUANTIFICATION; A/H3N2; A/H1N1 AB Objectives Rapid influenza diagnostic tests (RIDTs) used widely in clinical practice are simple to use and provide results within 15minutes; however, reported performance is variable, which causes concern when novel or variant viruses emerge. This study's goal was to assess the analytical reactivity of 13 RIDTs with recently circulating seasonal and H3N2v influenza viruses, using three different viral measures. Design Virus stocks were characterized by infectious dose (ID50) and nucleoprotein (NP) concentration, diluted at half-log dilutions, and tested with each RIDT and real-time RT-PCR. Results Strong correlation was observed between NP concentration and RIDT reactivity; however, only weak correlation was seen with ID50 or Ct values. Only four RIDTs detected viral NP at the lowest dilution for all influenza A viruses (IAV). Influenza A viruses not detected by more than one RIDT had lower NP levels. Of the 13 RIDTs, 9 had no significant differences in reactivity across IAV when compared to NP levels. Conclusions Previous reports of RIDT performance typically compare reactivity based on ID50 titers, which in this study correlated only weakly with proportional amounts of viral NP in prepared virus samples. In the context of the strong correlation of RIDT reactivity with NP concentration, H3N2v was found to be as reactive as seasonal circulating IAV. While these findings may not reflect clinical performance of these RIDTs, measuring NP concentration can be useful in the future to assess comparable reactivity of available RIDTs, or to assess reactivity with newly evolving or emerging viruses. C1 [Bose, Michael E.; Sasman, Amy; Mei, Hong; McCaul, Kate C.; Henrickson, Kelly J.] Med Coll Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226 USA. [Kramp, William J.; Shively, Roxanne] US Dept HHS, Biomed Adv Res & Dev Author, Off Assistant Secretary Preparedness & Response, Washington, DC 20201 USA. [Chen, Li-Mei] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA USA. [Williams, Tracie L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Beck, Eric T.] Dynacare Labs, Milwaukee, WI USA. [Henrickson, Kelly J.] Childrens Res Inst, Wauwatosa, WI USA. RP Henrickson, KJ (reprint author), Med Coll Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Rd, Milwaukee, WI 53226 USA. EM khenrick@mcw.edu FU U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS); office of Assistant Secretary for Preparedness and Response (ASPR) [HHSO100201000010] FX This study was supported by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), the office of Assistant Secretary for Preparedness and Response (ASPR) under Contract No. HHSO100201000010. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the Department of Health and Human Services or its components. CDC Human Influenza Virus Real-Time RT-PCR Diagnostic Panel, Influenza A/B Typing Kit (IVD) (Catalog No. FluIVD03-1), FR-813, and the influenza viruses used in this study were obtained through the Influenza Reagent Resource, Influenza Division, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, CDC. We thank the Division of Laboratory Science, National Center of Environmental Health, CDC, for the mass spectrometry work with NP quantitation and experts from the Influenza Division, NCIRD, CDC, who participated in designing and reviewing the study. We also thank Aniko Szabo, Ph.D., from the Medical College of Wisconsin's Division of Biostatistics for assistance with the statistical analyses. NR 15 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1750-2640 EI 1750-2659 J9 INFLUENZA OTHER RESP JI Influenza Other Respir. Viruses PD JUL PY 2014 VL 8 IS 4 BP 474 EP 481 DI 10.1111/irv.12246 PG 8 WC Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Infectious Diseases; Virology GA AJ3ZS UT WOS:000337608700012 PM 24698134 ER PT J AU Toprani, A Madsen, A Das, T Gambatese, M Greene, C Begier, E AF Toprani, Amita Madsen, Ann Das, Tara Gambatese, Melissa Greene, Carolyn Begier, Elizabeth TI Evaluating New York City's Abortion Reporting System: Insights for Public Health Data Collection Systems SO JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH MANAGEMENT AND PRACTICE LA English DT Article DE abortion; induced; pregnancy; pregnancy outcome; unplanned ID UNITED-STATES AB Context: New York City (NYC) mandates reporting of all abortion procedures. These reports enable tracking of abortion incidence and underpin programs, policy, and research. Since January 2011, the majority of abortion facilities must report electronically. Objectives: We conducted an evaluation of NYC's abortion reporting system and its transition to electronic reporting. We summarize the evaluation methodology and results and draw lessons relevant to other vital statistics and public health reporting systems. Design: The evaluation followed Centers for Disease Control and Prevention guidelines for evaluating public health surveillance systems. We interviewed key stakeholders and conducted a data provider survey. In addition, we compared the system's abortion counts with external estimates and calculated the proportion of missing and invalid values for each variable on the report form. Finally, we assessed the process for changing the report form and estimated system costs. Setting: NYC Health Department's Bureau of Vital Statistics. Main Outcome Measures: Usefulness, simplicity, flexibility, data quality, acceptability, sensitivity, timeliness, and stability of the abortion reporting system. Results: Ninety-five percent of abortion data providers considered abortion reporting important; 52% requested training regarding the report form. Thirty percent reported problems with electronic biometric fingerprint certification, and 18% reported problems with the electronic system's stability. Estimated system sensitivity was 88%. Of 17 variables, education and ancestry had more than 5% missing values in 2010. Changing the electronic reporting module was costly and time-consuming. System operating costs were estimated at $80 136 to $89 057 annually. Conclusions: The NYC abortion reporting system is sensitive and provides high-quality data, but opportunities for improvement include facilitating biometric certification, increasing electronic platform stability, and conducting ongoing outreach and training for data providers. This evaluation will help data users determine the degree of confidence that should be placed on abortion data. In addition, the evaluation results are applicable to other vital statistics reporting and surveillance systems. C1 [Toprani, Amita] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. [Toprani, Amita; Madsen, Ann; Das, Tara; Gambatese, Melissa; Greene, Carolyn; Begier, Elizabeth] New York City Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, New York, NY 10013 USA. RP Toprani, A (reprint author), New York City Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, 125 Worth St,Room 205, New York, NY 10013 USA. EM amitasita@gmail.com NR 21 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 10 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1078-4659 EI 1550-5022 J9 J PUBLIC HEALTH MAN JI J. Public Health Manag. Pract. PD JUL-AUG PY 2014 VL 20 IS 4 BP 392 EP 400 DI 10.1097/PHH.0b013e31829c88b8 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AI8DV UT WOS:000337137700011 PM 24281129 ER PT J AU Luo, HB Beckles, GLA Zhang, XZ Sotnikov, S Thompson, T Bardenheier, B AF Luo, Huabin Beckles, Gloria L. A. Zhang, Xinzhi Sotnikov, Sergey Thompson, Ted Bardenheier, Barbara TI The Relationship Between County-Level Contextual Characteristics and Use of Diabetes Care Services SO JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH MANAGEMENT AND PRACTICE LA English DT Article DE Andersen's model; multilevel models; preventive diabetes care; social determinants ID SELF-MANAGEMENT EDUCATION; SAFETY-NET; GLYCEMIC CONTROL; UNITED-STATES; ACCESS; HEALTH; METAANALYSIS; COMPLICATIONS; COMMUNITIES; DISPARITIES AB Objectives: To examine the relationship between county-level measures of social determinants and use of preventive care among US adults with diagnosed diabetes. To inform future diabetes prevention strategies. Methods: Data are from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) 2004 and 2005 surveys, the National Diabetes Surveillance System, and the Area Resource File. Use of diabetes care services was defined by self-reported receipt of 7 preventive care services. Our study sample included 46 806 respondents with self-reported diagnosed diabetes. Multilevel models were run to assess the association between county-level characteristics and receipt of each of the 7 preventive diabetes care service after controlling for characteristics of individuals. Results were considered significant if P < .05. Results: Controlling for individual-level characteristics, our analyses showed that 7 of the 8 county-level factors examined were significantly associated with use of 1 or more preventive diabetes care services. For example, people with diabetes living in a county with a high uninsurance rate were less likely to have an influenza vaccination, visit a doctor for diabetes care, have an A1c test, or a foot examination; people with diabetes living in a county with a high physician density were more likely to have an A1c test, foot examination, or an eye examination; and people with diabetes living in a county with more people with less than high-school education were less likely to have influenza vaccination, pneumococcal vaccination, or self-care education (all P < .05). Conclusions: Many of the county-level factors examined in this study were found to be significantly associated with use of preventive diabetes care services. County policy makers may need to consider local circumstances to address the disparities in use of these services. C1 [Luo, Huabin] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, ORISE, OSTLTS, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Sotnikov, Sergey] CDC, OSTLTS, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Beckles, Gloria L. A.; Zhang, Xinzhi; Thompson, Ted; Bardenheier, Barbara] CDC, Div Diabet Translat, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Luo, HB (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off State Tribal Local & Territorial Support, 1600 Clifton Rd M-S E-70, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM vbz7@CDC.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 44 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 10 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 1078-4659 EI 1550-5022 J9 J PUBLIC HEALTH MAN JI J. Public Health Manag. Pract. PD JUL-AUG PY 2014 VL 20 IS 4 BP 401 EP 410 DI 10.1097/PHH.0b013e31829bfa60 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AI8DV UT WOS:000337137700012 PM 23963254 ER PT J AU Coronado, F Polite, M Glynn, K Massoudi, MS Sohani, MM Koo, D AF Coronado, Fatima Polite, Markeiya Glynn, Kathleen Massoudi, Mehran S. Sohani, Med M. Koo, Denise TI Characterization of the Federal Workforce at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention SO JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH MANAGEMENT AND PRACTICE LA English DT Article DE health manpower; public health workforce ID PUBLIC-HEALTH WORKFORCE; CHALLENGES; ENUMERATION AB Context: Studies characterizing the public health workforce are needed for providing the evidence on which to base planning and policy decision making both for workforce staffing and for addressing uncertainties regarding organizing, financing, and delivering effective public health strategies. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) is leading the enumeration of the US public health workforce with an initial focus on CDC as the leading federal public health agency. Objective: To characterize CDC's workforce, assess retirement eligibility and potential staff losses, and contribute these data as the federal component of national enumeration efforts. Methods: Two sources containing data related to CDC employees were analyzed. CDC's workforce was characterized by using data elements recommended for public health workforce enumeration and categorized the occupations of CDC staff into 15 standard occupational classifications by using position titles. Retirement eligibility and potential staffing losses were analyzed by using 1-, 3-, and 5-year increments and compared these data across occupational classifications to determine the future impact of potential loss of workforce. Results: As of the first quarter of calendar year 2012, a total 11 223 persons were working at CDC; 10 316 were civil servants, and 907 were Commissioned Corps officers. Women accounted for 61%. Public health managers, laboratory workers, and administrative-clerical staff comprised the top 3 most common occupational classifications among CDC staff. Sixteen percent of the workforce was eligible to retire by December 2012, and more than 30% will be eligible to retire by December 2017. Conclusions: This study represents the first characterization of CDC's workforce and provides an evidence base upon which to develop policies for ensuring an ongoing ability to fulfill the CDC mission of maintaining and strengthening the public's health. Establishing a system for continually monitoring the public health workforce will support future efforts in understanding workforce shortages, capacity, and effectiveness; projecting trends; and initiating policies. C1 [Coronado, Fatima; Polite, Markeiya; Glynn, Kathleen; Massoudi, Mehran S.; Koo, Denise] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Sci Educ & Profess Dev Program Off, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Sohani, Med M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Human Capital & Resources Management Off, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Coronado, F (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Sci Educ & Profess Dev Program Off, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS E-96, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM FCoronado@cdc.gov NR 21 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 4 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1078-4659 EI 1550-5022 J9 J PUBLIC HEALTH MAN JI J. Public Health Manag. Pract. PD JUL-AUG PY 2014 VL 20 IS 4 BP 432 EP 441 DI 10.1097/PHH.0b013e3182a3e972 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AI8DV UT WOS:000337137700016 PM 23963253 ER PT J AU Kilgus, CD Redmon, GS AF Kilgus, Captain Duane Redmon, Ginger Suzanne TI Enabling Reimbursement to Health Departments for Immunization Services SO JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH MANAGEMENT AND PRACTICE LA English DT Article DE billing; CDC; coding; credentialing; immunization; Medicaid; Medicare; NACCHO; NVAC; state health departments; vaccine; vaccine funding AB Through its Billables Project, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention is helping US health departments to implement programs to bill Medicaid, Medicare, and private insurance for vaccine costs and administration fees for insured clients. A 2001 national survey published in the American Journal of Preventive Medicine found that only 31% of US health departments were billing managed care organizations for the immunization services they provided to insured patients. By developing billing systems, health departments have found a new stream of revenue. Funds generated through billing programs can be used for enhanced immunization services for children, adolescents, and adults. C1 [Kilgus, Captain Duane; Redmon, Ginger Suzanne] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunizat Serv Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Redmon, GS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunizat Serv Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS A-19, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM vco8@cdc.gov NR 8 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 7 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1078-4659 EI 1550-5022 J9 J PUBLIC HEALTH MAN JI J. Public Health Manag. Pract. PD JUL-AUG PY 2014 VL 20 IS 4 BP 453 EP 455 DI 10.1097/PHH.0b013e3182a9dc03 PG 3 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AI8DV UT WOS:000337137700019 PM 24025617 ER PT J AU Kun, KE Rose, DA Morris, T Salter, M Lamia, T Bhalakia, A McLees, AW AF Kun, Karen E. Rose, Dale A. Morris, Thomas Salter, Monique Lamia, Tamara Bhalakia, Amee McLees, Anita W. TI Conceptualizing and Measuring Community Preparedness Within Public Health Preparedness and Response: Complexities and Lessons Learned SO JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH MANAGEMENT AND PRACTICE LA English DT Article DE community preparedness; community resilience; performance measurement; public health preparedness AB Since 2001, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Public Health Emergency Preparedness cooperative agreement has supported state, territorial, and local public health departments in preparing for and responding to public health emergencies. This conceptual article describes complexities identified and lessons learned in developing community preparedness performance measures for the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's public health preparedness program. Challenges arose in (a) defining community; (b) measuring meaningful community engagement; and (c) determining a strategy for collecting, aggregating, and analyzing data from diverse state, territorial, and local health departments. This article contributes to prior work describing conceptual challenges in developing standardized measures of performance at the federal level and suggests ways to potentially mitigate general performance measurement challenges as well as measurement complexities specific to community preparedness. It may be informative for those state, territorial, and local health departments currently implementing (or contemplating implementing) community preparedness activities and for individuals more generally engaged in performance measurement. C1 [Kun, Karen E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, US Dept HHS, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Rose, Dale A.; Morris, Thomas] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, US Dept HHS, Off Publ Hlth Preparedness & Response, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [McLees, Anita W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, US Dept HHS, Off State Tribal Local & Territorial Support, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Salter, Monique] US FDA, US Dept HHS, College Pk, MD USA. [Lamia, Tamara; Bhalakia, Amee] ICF Int, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Rose, DA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Publ Hlth Preparedness & Response, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM ido8@cdc.gov NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 13 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1078-4659 EI 1550-5022 J9 J PUBLIC HEALTH MAN JI J. Public Health Manag. Pract. PD JUL-AUG PY 2014 VL 20 IS 4 BP E1 EP E5 DI 10.1097/PHH.0b013e3182a5bbcc PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AI8DV UT WOS:000337137700001 PM 24322842 ER PT J AU Xiao, G Saunders, D Jones, RL Caldwell, KL AF Xiao, Ge Saunders, David Jones, Robert L. Caldwell, Kathleen L. TI Determination of Am-241 in urine using sector field inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (SF-ICP-MS) SO JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Am-241 determination; Solid phase extraction (Eichrom DGA cartridge); Sector field inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (SF-ICP-MS); Clinical decision guide (CDG); Emergency response ID EXTRACTION CHROMATOGRAPHY; ALPHA-SPECTROMETRY; SAMPLES; SEPARATION; ACTINIDES; BIOASSAY AB Quantification of Am-241 in urine at low levels is important for assessment of individuals' or populations' accidental, environmental, or terrorism-related internal contamination, but no convenient, precise method has been established to rapidly determine these low levels. Here we report a new analytical method to measure Am-241 as developed and validated at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) by means of the selective retention of Am from urine directly on DGA resin, followed by SF-ICP-MS detection. The method provides rapid results with a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.22 pg/L (0.028 Bq/L), which is lower than 1/3 of the C/P CDG for Am-241 at 5 days post-exposure. The results obtained by this method closely agree with CDC values as measured by liquid scintillation counting, and with National Institute of Standards Technology (NIST) Certified Reference Materials (CRM) target values. C1 [Xiao, Ge; Saunders, David; Jones, Robert L.; Caldwell, Kathleen L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Inorgan & Radiat Analyt Toxicol Branch, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Xiao, G (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Inorgan & Radiat Analyt Toxicol Branch, 4770 Buford HWY,Mail Stop F50, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM gax2@cdc.gov NR 25 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 14 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0236-5731 EI 1588-2780 J9 J RADIOANAL NUCL CH JI J. Radioanal. Nucl. Chem. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 301 IS 1 BP 285 EP 291 DI 10.1007/s10967-014-3103-4 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Nuclear Science & Technology SC Chemistry; Nuclear Science & Technology GA AI8MJ UT WOS:000337170200037 ER PT J AU Carmichael, SL Ma, C Tinker, S Rasmussen, SA Shaw, GM AF Carmichael, Suzan L. Ma, Chen Tinker, Sarah Rasmussen, Sonia A. Shaw, Gary M. CA Natl Birth Defects Prevention Stud TI Maternal Stressors and Social Support as Risks for Delivering Babies with Structural Birth Defects SO PAEDIATRIC AND PERINATAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE stress; social support; birth defects ID NEURAL-TUBE DEFECTS; ORAL CLEFTS; SECONDARY PALATE; LIFE EVENTS; PREGNANCY; EXPOSURE; MICE AB Background We examined the association of maternal stressful life events and social support with risks of birth defects using National Birth Defects Prevention Study data, a population-based case-control study. Methods We examined seven stressful life events and three social support questions applicable to the periconceptional period, among mothers of 552 cases with neural tube defects (NTDs), 413 cleft palate (CP), 797 cleft lip +/- cleft palate (CLP), 189 d-transposition of the great arteries (dTGA), 311 tetralogy of Fallot (TOF), and 2974 non-malformed controls. A stressful life events index equalled the sum of yes' responses to the seven questions. Social support questions were also summed to form an index. Data were analyzed using logistic regression to estimate odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI), adjusted for maternal race-ethnicity, age, education, body mass index, smoking, drinking, and intake of vitamin supplements. Results Associations with the stress index tended to be higher with higher scores, but few 95% CIs excluded one. A four-point increase in the index was moderately associated with NTDs (OR 1.5, [95% CI 1.1, 2.0]) and CLP (OR 1.3, [95% CI 1.0, 1.7]). The social support index tended to be associated with reduced risk but most 95% CIs included one, with the exception of dTGA (OR for a score of 3 vs 0 was 0.5 [95% CI 0.3, 0.8]). Conclusions Maternal periconceptional stressful life events, social support, and the two factors in combination were at most modestly, if at all, associated with risks of the studied birth defects. C1 [Carmichael, Suzan L.; Ma, Chen; Shaw, Gary M.] Stanford Univ, Dept Pediat, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Tinker, Sarah; Rasmussen, Sonia A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Carmichael, SL (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Div Neonatal & Dev Med, Dept Pediat, 1265 Welch Rd,Rm X109B, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. EM scarmichael@stanford.edu FU NIH [R03 DE020112, CDC 6U01-DD-000489, 1U01-DD-0006982] FX We thank the California Department of Public Health Maternal Child and Adolescent Health Division for providing data. This project was partially supported by NIH R03 DE020112, CDC 6U01-DD-000489, and 1U01-DD-0006982. NR 24 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 7 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0269-5022 EI 1365-3016 J9 PAEDIATR PERINAT EP JI Paediatr. Perinat. Epidemiol. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 28 IS 4 BP 338 EP 344 DI 10.1111/ppe.12123 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Pediatrics SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Pediatrics GA AJ4BJ UT WOS:000337614300009 PM 24697924 ER PT J AU Luyai, AE Heimburg-Molinaro, J Prasanphanich, NS Mickum, ML Lasanajak, Y Song, XZ Nyame, AK Wilkins, P Rivera-Marrero, CA Smith, DF Van Die, I Secor, WE Cummings, RD AF Luyai, Anthony E. Heimburg-Molinaro, Jamie Prasanphanich, Nina Salinger Mickum, Megan L. Lasanajak, Yi Song, Xuezheng Nyame, A. Kwame Wilkins, Patricia Rivera-Marrero, Carlos A. Smith, David F. Van Die, Irma Secor, W. Evan Cummings, Richard D. TI Differential expression of anti-glycan antibodies in schistosome-infected humans, rhesus monkeys and mice SO GLYCOBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE glycan microarrays; glycans; schistosomiasis; schistosomula killing; core xylose-core alpha 3 fucose ID SURFACE-PLASMON RESONANCE; LEWIS-X ANTIGEN; N-GLYCANS; MURINE SCHISTOSOMIASIS; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; MANSONI SYNTHESIZES; BINDING-PROTEINS; ADULT WORMS; RESISTANCE; OLIGOSACCHARIDES AB Schistosomiasis is a debilitating parasitic disease of humans, endemic in tropical areas, for which no vaccine is available. Evidence points to glycan antigens as being important in immune responses to infection. Here we describe our studies on the comparative humoral immune responses to defined schistosome-type glycan epitopes in Schistosoma mansoni-infected humans, rhesus monkeys and mice. Rhesus anti-glycan responses over the course of infection were screened on a defined glycan microarray comprising semi-synthetic glycopeptides terminating with schistosome-associated or control mammalian-type glycan epitopes, as well as a defined glycan microarray of mammalian-type glycans representing over 400 glycan structures. Infected rhesus monkeys generated a high immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody response to the core xylose/core alpha 3 fucose epitope of N-glycans, which peaked at 8-11 weeks post infection, coinciding with maximal ability to kill schistosomula in vitro. By contrast, infected humans generated low antibody levels to this epitope. At 18 months following praziquantel therapy to eliminate the parasite, antibody levels were negligible. Mice chronically infected with S. mansoni generated high levels of anti-fucosylated LacdiNAc (GalNAc beta 1, 4(Fuc alpha 1, 3)GlcNAc) IgM antibodies, but lacked a robust response to the core xylose/core alpha 3 fucose N-glycan antigens compared with other species studied, and their sera demonstrated an intermediate level of schistosomula killing in vitro. These differential responses to parasite glycan antigens may be related to the ability of rhesus monkeys to self-cure in contrast to the chronic infection seen in humans and mice. Our results validate defined glycan microarrays as a useful technology to evaluate diagnostic and vaccine antigens for schistosomiasis and perhaps other infections. C1 [Luyai, Anthony E.; Heimburg-Molinaro, Jamie; Prasanphanich, Nina Salinger; Mickum, Megan L.; Lasanajak, Yi; Song, Xuezheng; Smith, David F.; Cummings, Richard D.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Biochem, O Wayne Rollins Res Ctr, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Nyame, A. Kwame] Univ Maryland Eastern Shore, Dept Nat Sci, Princess Anne, MD 21853 USA. [Wilkins, Patricia; Secor, W. Evan] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Rivera-Marrero, Carlos A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Select Agents & Toxins, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Van Die, Irma] Vrije Univ Amsterdam Med Ctr, Dept Mol Cell Biol & Immunol, Amsterdam, Netherlands. RP Cummings, RD (reprint author), Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Biochem, O Wayne Rollins Res Ctr, 1510 Clifton Rd,Suite 4001, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. EM rdcummi@emory.edu FU NIH [R01AI101982]; Georgia Research Alliance [GRA G6397930] FX This work was supported by NIH Grant R01AI101982 to R. D. C. and by a grant from the Georgia Research Alliance (GRA G6397930) to R.D.C. NR 88 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 11 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0959-6658 EI 1460-2423 J9 GLYCOBIOLOGY JI Glycobiology PD JUL PY 2014 VL 24 IS 7 BP 602 EP 618 DI 10.1093/glycob/cwu029 PG 17 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA AI7AU UT WOS:000337032500003 PM 24727442 ER PT J AU Kissin, D Kawwass, J Monsour, M Boulet, S Session, D Jamieson, D AF Kissin, D. Kawwass, J. Monsour, M. Boulet, S. Session, D. Jamieson, D. TI Trends and pregnancy outcomes of assisted hatching, united states, 2000-2010 SO HUMAN REPRODUCTION LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 30th Annual Meeting of the European-Society-of-Human-Reproduction-and-Embryology (ESHRE) CY JUN 29-JUL 02, 2014 CL Munich, GERMANY SP European Soc Human Reprod & Embryol C1 [Kissin, D.; Monsour, M.; Boulet, S.; Jamieson, D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Kawwass, J.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Gynecol & Obstet, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0268-1161 EI 1460-2350 J9 HUM REPROD JI Hum. Reprod. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 29 SU 1 MA P-109 BP 159 EP 159 PG 1 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology GA CP2YZ UT WOS:000359745300377 ER PT J AU Chihara, I Hayes, DK Chock, LR Fuddy, LJ Rosenberg, DL Handler, A AF Chihara, Izumi Hayes, Donald K. Chock, Linda R. Fuddy, Loretta J. Rosenberg, Deborah L. Handler, Arden S. TI Relationship Between Gestational Weight Gain and Birthweight Among Clients Enrolled in the Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC), Hawaii, 2003-2005 SO MATERNAL AND CHILD HEALTH JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE WIC; Gestational weight gain; LBW; HBW; IOM guideline ID BODY-MASS INDEX; PREGNANCY-RELATED EVENTS; INSTITUTE-OF-MEDICINE; MATERNAL WEIGHT; FETAL MACROSOMIA; PRETERM DELIVERY; DIABETES-MELLITUS; CONTROLLED-TRIAL; OBESITY; RISK AB To investigate the relationship between gestational weight gain (GWG) and birthweight outcomes among a low-income population in Hawaii using GWG recommendations from the 2009 Institute of Medicine (IOM) guidelines. Data were analyzed for 19,130 mother-infant pairs who participated in Hawaii's Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children from 2003 through 2005. GWG was categorized as inadequate, adequate, or excessive on the basis of GWG charts in the guidelines. Generalized logit models assessed the relationship between mothers' GWG and their child's birthweight category (low birthweight [LBW: < 2,500 g], normal birthweight [2,500 g a parts per thousand currency sign BW < 4,000 g], or high birthweight [HBW: a parts per thousand yen4,000 g]). Final models were stratified by prepregnancy body mass index (underweight, normal weight, overweight, or obese) and adjusted for maternal age, education, race/ethnicity, smoking status, parity, and marital status. Overall, 62 % of the sample had excessive weight gain and 15 % had inadequate weight gain. Women with excessive weight gain were more likely to deliver a HBW infant; this relationship was observed for women in all prepregnancy weight categories. Among women with underweight or normal weight prior to pregnancy, those with inadequate weight gain during pregnancy were more likely to deliver a LBW infant. Among the low-income population of Hawaii, women with GWG within the range recommended in the 2009 IOM guidelines had better birthweight outcomes than those with GWG outside the recommended range. Further study is needed to identify optimal GWG goals for women with an obese BMI prior to pregnancy. C1 [Chihara, Izumi; Handler, Arden S.] Univ Illinois, Sch Publ Hlth, Community Hlth Sci Div, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. [Hayes, Donald K.; Chock, Linda R.; Fuddy, Loretta J.] Hawaii Dept Hlth, Honolulu, HI USA. [Hayes, Donald K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Druid Hills, GA USA. [Rosenberg, Deborah L.] Univ Illinois, Sch Publ Hlth, Epidemiol & Biostat Div, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. RP Chihara, I (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Sch Publ Hlth, Community Hlth Sci Div, 1603 W Taylor St, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. EM ichiha2@uic.edu NR 60 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1092-7875 EI 1573-6628 J9 MATERN CHILD HLTH J JI Matern. Child Health J. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 18 IS 5 BP 1123 EP 1131 DI 10.1007/s10995-013-1342-6 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AI3CF UT WOS:000336735800009 PM 23917900 ER PT J AU Hayes, DK Mitchell, KM Donohoe-Mather, C Zaha, RL Melcher, C Fuddy, LJ AF Hayes, Donald K. Mitchell, Kristen M. Donohoe-Mather, Carolyn Zaha, Rebecca L. Melcher, Carol Fuddy, Loretta J. TI Predictors of Exclusive Breastfeeding at Least 8 Weeks Among Asian and Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander Race Subgroups in Hawaii, 2004-2008 SO MATERNAL AND CHILD HEALTH JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Breastfeeding; Disparities; Asian; Hawaiian; Pacific Islanders; Obesity; PRAMS ID MATERNITY-CARE PRACTICES; UNITED-STATES; DURATION; INITIATION; COMMUNITY; PATTERNS; MOTHERS; HEALTH; US AB Breastfeeding is nurturing, cost-effective, and beneficial for the health of mother and child. Babies receiving formula are sick more often and are at higher risk for childhood obesity, diabetes, asthma, and other conditions compared with breastfed children. National and international organizations recommend exclusive breastfeeding for 6 months. Exclusive breastfeeding in Asian and Native Hawaiian or Other Pacific Islander (NHOPI) subgroups is not well characterized. Data from the 2004-2008 Hawaii Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System, a population-based surveillance system on maternal behaviors and experiences before, during, and after pregnancy, were analyzed for 8,508 mothers with a recent live birth. We examined exclusive breastfeeding status for at least 8 weeks. We calculated prevalence risk ratios across maternal race groups accounting for maternal and socio-demographic characteristics. The overall estimate of exclusive breastfeeding for at least 8 weeks was 36.3 %. After adjusting for maternal age, pre-pregnancy weight, cesarean delivery, return to work/school, and self-reported postpartum depressive symptoms, the racial differences in prevalence ratios for exclusive breastfeeding for each ethnic group compared to Whites were: Samoan (aPR = 0.54; 95 % CI 0.43-0.69), Filipino (aPR = 0.58; 95 % CI 0.53-0.63), Japanese (aPR = 0.58; 95 % CI 0.52-0.65), Chinese (aPR = 0.64; 95 % CI 0.58-0.70), Native Hawaiian (aPR = 0.67; 95 % CI 0.61-0.72), Korean (aPR = 0.72; 95 % CI 0.64-0.82), and Black (aPR = 0.79; 95 % CI 0.65-0.96) compared to white mothers. Providers and community groups should be aware that just over one-third of mothers breastfeed exclusively at least 8 weeks with lower rates among Asian, NHOPI, and Black mothers. Culturally appropriate efforts to promote exclusive breastfeeding are recommended particularly among Asian subgroups that have high breastfeeding initiation rates that do not translate into high exclusivity rates. C1 [Hayes, Donald K.; Donohoe-Mather, Carolyn; Zaha, Rebecca L.; Melcher, Carol; Fuddy, Loretta J.] Hawaii Dept Hlth, Family Hlth Serv Div, Honolulu, HI 96813 USA. [Hayes, Donald K.; Zaha, Rebecca L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Hayes, Donald K.; Mitchell, Kristen M.] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Off Publ Hlth Studies, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. RP Hayes, DK (reprint author), Hawaii Dept Hlth, Family Hlth Serv Div, 1250 Punchbowl St,Room 216, Honolulu, HI 96813 USA. EM dhayes@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 33 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 8 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1092-7875 EI 1573-6628 J9 MATERN CHILD HLTH J JI Matern. Child Health J. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 18 IS 5 BP 1215 EP 1223 DI 10.1007/s10995-013-1355-1 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AI3CF UT WOS:000336735800018 PM 24096640 ER PT J AU Ouyang, LJ Grosse, SD Riley, C Bolen, J Bishop, E Raspa, M Bailey, DB AF Ouyang, Lijing Grosse, Scott D. Riley, Catharine Bolen, Julie Bishop, Ellen Raspa, Melissa Bailey, Donald B., Jr. TI A comparison of family financial and employment impacts of fragile X syndrome, autism spectrum disorders, and intellectual disability SO RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES LA English DT Article DE Fragile X syndrome; Intellectual disability; Autism spectrum disorders; Caregiver impacts ID NATIONAL PROFILE; CHILDHOOD AUTISM; UNITED-STATES; DOWN-SYNDROME; CHILDREN; HEALTH; CARE; BURDEN; POPULATION; VARIABLES AB This study compares the family financial and employment impacts of having a child with fragile X syndrome (FXS), autism spectrum disorder (ASD), or intellectual disabilities (ID). Data from a 2011 national survey of families of children with FXS were matched with data from the National Survey of Children with Special Health Care Needs 2009-2010 to form four analytic groups: children with FXS (n = 189), children with special health care needs with ASD only (n = 185), ID only (n= 177), or both ASD and ID (n = 178). Comparable percentages of parents of children with FXS (60%) and parents of children with both ASD and ID (52%) reported that their families experienced a financial burden as a result of the condition, both of which were higher than the percentages of parents of children with ASD only (39%) or ID only (29%). Comparable percentages of parents of children with FXS (40%) and parents of children with both ASD and ID (46%) reported quitting employment because of the condition, both of which were higher than the percentages of parents of children with ID only (25%) or ASD only (25%). In multivariate analyses controlling for co-occurring conditions and functional difficulties and stratified by age, adjusted odds ratios for the FXS group aged 12-17 years were significantly elevated for financial burden (2.73, 95% CI 1.29-5.77), quitting employment (2.58, 95% CI 1.18-5.65) and reduced hours of work (4.34, 95% CI 2.08-9.06) relative to children with ASD only. Among children aged 5 11 years, the adjusted odds ratios for the FXS group were elevated but statistically insignificant for financial burden (1.63, 95% CI 0.85-3.14) and reducing hours of work (1.34, 95% CI 0.68-2.63) relative to children with ASD only. Regardless of condition, co-occurring anxiety or seizures, limits in thinking, reasoning, or learning ability, and more irritability were significantly associated with more caregiver financial and employment impacts. Proper management of anxiety or seizures and functional difficulties of children with FXS or other developmental disabilities may be important in alleviating adverse family caregiver impacts. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Ouyang, Lijing; Grosse, Scott D.; Riley, Catharine; Bolen, Julie] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA USA. [Bishop, Ellen; Raspa, Melissa; Bailey, Donald B., Jr.] RTI Int, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. RP Ouyang, LJ (reprint author), 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mail Stop E-88, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM louyang@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 30 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 6 U2 21 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0891-4222 J9 RES DEV DISABIL JI Res. Dev. Disabil. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 35 IS 7 BP 1518 EP 1527 DI 10.1016/j.ridd.2014.04.009 PG 10 WC Education, Special; Rehabilitation SC Education & Educational Research; Rehabilitation GA AH3GK UT WOS:000336011500008 PM 24755230 ER PT J AU Christensen, DL Schieve, LA Devine, O Drews-Botsch, C AF Christensen, Deborah L. Schieve, Laura A. Devine, Owen Drews-Botsch, Carolyn TI Socioeconomic status, child enrichment factors, and cognitive performance among preschool-age. children: Results from the Follow-Up of Growth and Development Experiences study SO RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES LA English DT Article DE Neurodevelopmental; Epidemiology; Sociodemographic determinants; Differential Ability Scales ID FOR-GESTATIONAL-AGE; DIFFERENTIAL ABILITY SCALES; BRITISH BIRTH COHORT; IRON-DEFICIENCY; ECONOMIC DEPRIVATION; INTRAUTERINE GROWTH; HOME-ENVIRONMENT; FAMILY PROCESSES; PRETERM INFANTS; TEST-SCORES AB Lower cognitive performance is associated with poorer health and functioning throughout the lifespan and disproportionately affects children from lower socioeconomic status (SES) populations. Previous studies reporting positive associations between child home enrichment and cognitive performance generally had a limited distribution of SES. We evaluated the associations of SES and child enrichment with cognitive performance in a population with a wide range of SES, particularly whether enrichment attenuates associations with SES. Children were sampled from a case-control study of small-for-gestational-age (SGA) conducted in a public hospital serving a low SES population (final n = 198) and a private hospital serving a middle-to-high SES population (final n = 253). SES (maternal education and income) and perinatal factors (SGA, maternal smoking and drinking) were obtained from maternal birth interview. Five child home enrichment factors (e.g. books in home) and preschool attendance were obtained from follow-up interview at age 4.5 years. Cognitive performance was assessed with the Differential Ability Scales (DAS), a standardized psychometric test administered at follow-up. SES and enrichment scores were created by combining individual factors. Analyses were adjusted for perinatal factors. Children from the public birth hospital had a significantly lower mean DAS general cognitive ability (GCA) score than children born at the private birth hospital (adjusted mean difference -21.4, 95% CI: -24.0, -18.7); this was substantially attenuated by adjustment for individual SES, child enrichment factors, and preschool attendance (adjusted mean difference -5.1, 95% CI: -9.5, -0.7). Individual-level SES score was associated with DAS score, beyond the general SES effect associated with hospital of birth. Adjustment for preschool attendance and home enrichment score attenuated the association between individual SES score and adjusted mean DAS-GCA among children born at both of the hospitals. The effect of being in the lower compared to the middle tertile of SES score was reduced by approximately a quarter; the effect of being in the upper compared to the middle tertile of SES score was reduced by nearly half, but this C1 [Christensen, Deborah L.; Schieve, Laura A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA USA. [Devine, Owen] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Director, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA USA. [Drews-Botsch, Carolyn] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Christensen, DL (reprint author), 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS E-86, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM dchristensen@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 49 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 3 U2 27 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0891-4222 J9 RES DEV DISABIL JI Res. Dev. Disabil. PD JUL PY 2014 VL 35 IS 7 BP 1789 EP 1801 DI 10.1016/j.ridd.2014.02.003 PG 13 WC Education, Special; Rehabilitation SC Education & Educational Research; Rehabilitation GA AH3GK UT WOS:000336011500039 PM 24679548 ER PT J AU Colley, DG Bustinduy, AL Secor, E King, CH AF Colley, Daniel G. Bustinduy, Amaya L. Secor, Evan King, Charles H. TI Human schistosomiasis SO LANCET LA English DT Article ID NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES; URINARY-TRACT MORBIDITY; REAL-TIME PCR; MANSONI INFECTION; GENITAL SCHISTOSOMIASIS; PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM; HAEMATOBIUM INFECTION; IN-VIVO; INTESTINAL SCHISTOSOMIASIS; UROGENITAL SCHISTOSOMIASIS AB Human schistosomiasis-or bilharzia-is a parasitic disease caused by trematode flukes of the genus Schistosoma. By conservative estimates, at least 230 million people worldwide are infected with Schistosoma spp. Adult schistosome worms colonise human blood vessels for years, successfully evading the immune system while excreting hundreds to thousands of eggs daily, which must either leave the body in excreta or become trapped in nearby tissues. Trapped eggs induce a distinct immune-mediated granulomatous response that causes local and systemic pathological effects ranging from anaemia, growth stunting, impaired cognition, and decreased physical fitness, to organ-specific effects such as severe hepatosplenism, periportal fibrosis with portal hypertension, and urogenital inflammation and scarring. At present, preventive public health measures in endemic regions consist of treatment once every 1 or 2 years with the isoquinolinone drug, praziquantel, to suppress morbidity. In some locations, elimination of transmission is now the goal; however, more sensitive diagnostics are needed in both the field and clinics, and integrated environmental and health-care management will be needed to ensure elimination. C1 [Colley, Daniel G.] Univ Georgia, Ctr Trop & Emerging Global Dis, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Colley, Daniel G.] Univ Georgia, Dept Microbiol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Bustinduy, Amaya L.] Univ Liverpool, Liverpool Sch Trop Med, Dept Parasitol, Liverpool L3 5QA, Merseyside, England. [Secor, Evan] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Atlanta, GA USA. [King, Charles H.] Case Western Reserve Univ, Ctr Global Hlth & Dis, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. RP Colley, DG (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Ctr Trop & Emerging Global Dis, 500 Brooks Dr,Room 330B, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM dcolley@uga.edu OI Bustinduy, Amaya/0000-0001-6131-4159; King, Charles/0000-0001-8349-9270 FU University of Georgia Research Foundation - Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation for the SCORE project FX We are extremely grateful for the administrative and editorial contributions of Tammy Andros. The writing of this Seminar received financial support from the University of Georgia Research Foundation, which was funded by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation for the SCORE project and the authors' individual institutions. The funders had no role in the writing of this Seminar. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 148 TC 244 Z9 264 U1 23 U2 101 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0140-6736 EI 1474-547X J9 LANCET JI Lancet PD JUN 28 PY 2014 VL 383 IS 9936 BP 2253 EP 2264 DI 10.1016/S0140-6736(13)61949-2 PG 12 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA AK8DO UT WOS:000338657600030 PM 24698483 ER PT J AU Lin, X Dietz, PM Rodriguez, V Lester, D Hernandez, P Moreno-Walton, L Johnson, G Van Handel, MM Skarbinski, J Mattson, CL Stratford, D Belcher, L Branson, BM AF Lin, Xia Dietz, Patricia M. Rodriguez, Vanessa Lester, Deborah Hernandez, Paloma Moreno-Walton, Lisa Johnson, Grant Van Handel, Michelle M. Skarbinski, Jacek Mattson, Christine L. Stratford, Dale Belcher, Lisa Branson, Bernard M. TI Routine HIV Screening in Two Health-Care Settings - New York City and New Orleans, 2011-2013 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article ID STRATEGIES; INFECTION C1 [Lin, Xia] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Lin, Xia; Dietz, Patricia M.; Van Handel, Michelle M.; Skarbinski, Jacek; Mattson, Christine L.; Stratford, Dale; Belcher, Lisa; Branson, Bernard M.] CDC, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Rodriguez, Vanessa; Lester, Deborah; Hernandez, Paloma] Urban Hlth Plan Inc, New York, NY USA. [Moreno-Walton, Lisa; Johnson, Grant] Louisiana State Univ, Hlth Sci Ctr, Sect Emergency Med, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. RP Lin, X (reprint author), CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM xmlin@cdc.gov NR 7 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 3 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL & PREVENTION PI ATLANTA PA MAILSTOP E-90, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD JUN 27 PY 2014 VL 63 IS 25 BP 537 EP 541 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AK8XF UT WOS:000338711300001 PM 24964879 ER PT J AU Agaku, IT King, BA Husten, CG Bunnell, R Ambrose, BK Hu, SS Holder-Hayes, E Day, HR AF Agaku, Israel T. King, Brian A. Husten, Corinne G. Bunnell, Rebecca Ambrose, Bridget K. Hu, S. Sean Holder-Hayes, Enver Day, Hannah R. TI Tobacco Product Use Among Adults - United States, 2012-2013 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article ID CIGARETTE-SMOKING C1 [Agaku, Israel T.; King, Brian A.; Bunnell, Rebecca; Hu, S. Sean] CDC, Off Smoking & Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Agaku, Israel T.] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Husten, Corinne G.; Ambrose, Bridget K.; Holder-Hayes, Enver; Day, Hannah R.] US FDA, Ctr Tobacco Prod, Rockville, MD 20857 USA. RP King, BA (reprint author), CDC, Off Smoking & Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM baking@cdc.gov NR 10 TC 105 Z9 105 U1 1 U2 5 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL & PREVENTION PI ATLANTA PA MAILSTOP E-90, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD JUN 27 PY 2014 VL 63 IS 25 BP 542 EP 547 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AK8XF UT WOS:000338711300003 PM 24964880 ER PT J AU Dixon, MG Schafer, IJ AF Dixon, Meredith G. Schafer, Ilana J. TI Ebola Viral Disease Outbreak - West Africa, 2014 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article C1 [Dixon, Meredith G.; Schafer, Ilana J.] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Dixon, Meredith G.; Schafer, Ilana J.] CDC, Viral Special Pathogens Branch, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Dixon, MG (reprint author), CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM mgdixon@cdc.gov NR 10 TC 93 Z9 102 U1 1 U2 145 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL & PREVENTION PI ATLANTA PA MAILSTOP E-90, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD JUN 27 PY 2014 VL 63 IS 25 BP 548 EP 551 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AK8XF UT WOS:000338711300004 PM 24964881 ER PT J AU Langevin, SA Bowen, RA Reisen, WK Andrade, CC Ramey, WN Maharaj, PD Anishchenko, M Kenney, JL Duggal, NK Romo, H Bera, AK Sanders, TA Bosco-Lauth, A Smith, JL Kuhn, R Brault, AC AF Langevin, Stanley A. Bowen, Richard A. Reisen, William K. Andrade, Christy C. Ramey, Wanichaya N. Maharaj, Payal D. Anishchenko, Michael Kenney, Joan L. Duggal, Nisha K. Romo, Hannah Bera, Aloke Kumar Sanders, Todd A. Bosco-Lauth, Angela Smith, Janet L. Kuhn, Richard Brault, Aaron C. TI Host Competence and Helicase Activity Differences Exhibited by West Nile Viral Variants Expressing NS3-249 Amino Acid Polymorphisms SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID VIRUS LINEAGE 2; PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS; MAXIMUM-LIKELIHOOD; AMERICAN CROWS; CENTRAL-EUROPE; NEW-YORK; STRAINS; BIRDS; FLAVIVIRUS; VIRULENCE AB A single helicase amino acid substitution, NS3-T249P, has been shown to increase viremia magnitude/mortality in American crows (AMCRs) following West Nile virus (WNV) infection. Lineage/intra-lineage geographic variants exhibit consistent amino acid polymorphisms at this locus; however, the majority of WNV isolates associated with recent outbreaks reported worldwide have a proline at the NS3-249 residue. In order to evaluate the impact of NS3-249 variants on avian and mammalian virulence, multiple amino acid substitutions were engineered into a WNV infectious cDNA (NY99; NS3-249P) and the resulting viruses inoculated into AMCRs, house sparrows (HOSPs) and mice. Differential viremia profiles were observed between mutant viruses in the two bird species; however, the NS3-249P virus produced the highest mean peak viral loads in both avian models. In contrast, this avian modulating virulence determinant had no effect on LD50 or the neurovirulence phenotype in the murine model. Recombinant helicase proteins demonstrated variable helicase and ATPase activities; however, differences did not correlate with avian or murine viremia phenotypes. These in vitro and in vivo data indicate that avian-specific phenotypes are modulated by critical viral-host protein interactions involving the NS3-249 residue that directly influence transmission efficiency and therefore the magnitude of WNV epizootics in nature. C1 [Langevin, Stanley A.; Reisen, William K.; Andrade, Christy C.; Ramey, Wanichaya N.; Maharaj, Payal D.; Brault, Aaron C.] Univ Calif Davis, Sch Vet Med, Ctr Vectorborne Dis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Langevin, Stanley A.; Reisen, William K.; Andrade, Christy C.; Ramey, Wanichaya N.; Maharaj, Payal D.; Brault, Aaron C.] Univ Calif Davis, Sch Vet Med, Dept Pathol Microbiol & Immunol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Bowen, Richard A.; Bosco-Lauth, Angela] Colorado State Univ, Dept Biomed Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Anishchenko, Michael; Kenney, Joan L.; Duggal, Nisha K.; Romo, Hannah; Bosco-Lauth, Angela; Brault, Aaron C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Bera, Aloke Kumar; Kuhn, Richard] Purdue Univ, Dept Biol Sci, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Sanders, Todd A.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Portland, OR USA. [Smith, Janet L.] Univ Michigan, Dept Biol Chem, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RP Brault, AC (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Sch Vet Med, Ctr Vectorborne Dis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM abrault@cdc.gov OI Maharaj, Payal/0000-0002-4157-4479 FU NIAID NIH [R01-AI55607, AI061822]; CDC [UO1 CI000235] FX Funding for the described studies were provided by NIAID NIH grants R01-AI55607 and AI061822 and CDC grant UO1 CI000235. The funding agencies had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 49 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 8 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUN 27 PY 2014 VL 9 IS 6 AR e100802 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0100802 PG 14 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AK6BK UT WOS:000338512200064 PM 24971589 ER PT J AU Music, N Reber, AJ Lipatov, AS Kamal, RP Blanchfield, K Wilson, JR Donis, RO Katz, JM York, IA AF Music, Nedzad Reber, Adrian J. Lipatov, Aleksandr S. Kamal, Ram P. Blanchfield, Kristy Wilson, Jason R. Donis, Ruben O. Katz, Jacqueline M. York, Ian A. TI Influenza Vaccination Accelerates Recovery of Ferrets from Lymphopenia SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID HEMAGGLUTINATION-INHIBITING ANTIBODY; A H1N1; VIRUS-INFECTION; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; HOSPITALIZED-PATIENTS; RELATIVE LYMPHOPENIA; SEASONAL INFLUENZA; GLOBAL BURDEN; UNITED-STATES; MOUSE MODEL AB Ferrets are a useful animal model for human influenza virus infections, since they closely mimic the pathogenesis of influenza viruses observed in humans. However, a lack of reagents, especially for flow cytometry of immune cell subsets, has limited research in this model. Here we use a panel of primarily species cross-reactive antibodies to identify ferret T cells, cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL), B cells, and granulocytes in peripheral blood. Following infection with seasonal H3N2 or H1N1pdm09 influenza viruses, these cell types showed rapid and dramatic changes in frequency, even though clinically the infections were mild. The loss of B cells and CD4 and CD8 T cells, and the increase in neutrophils, were especially marked 1 - 2 days after infection, when about 90% of CD8+ T cells disappeared from the peripheral blood. The different virus strains led to different kinetics of leukocyte subset alterations. Vaccination with homologous vaccine reduced clinical symptoms slightly, but led to a much more rapid return to normal leukocyte parameters. Assessment of clinical symptoms may underestimate the effectiveness of influenza vaccine in restoring homeostasis. C1 [Music, Nedzad; Reber, Adrian J.; Lipatov, Aleksandr S.; Kamal, Ram P.; Blanchfield, Kristy; Wilson, Jason R.; Donis, Ruben O.; Katz, Jacqueline M.; York, Ian A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP York, IA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM ite1@cdc.gov OI York, Ian/0000-0002-3478-3344 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX The source of funding for this work was the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 60 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUN 26 PY 2014 VL 9 IS 6 AR e100926 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0100926 PG 13 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AK2WP UT WOS:000338280800083 PM 24968319 ER PT J AU Magill, SS Edwards, JR Fridkin, SK AF Magill, Shelley S. Edwards, Jonathan R. Fridkin, Scott K. CA Healthcare-Associated Infect TI Survey of Health Care-Associated Infections REPLY SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Letter C1 [Magill, Shelley S.; Edwards, Jonathan R.; Fridkin, Scott K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Magill, SS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM smagill@cdc.gov NR 1 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SOC PI WALTHAM PA WALTHAM WOODS CENTER, 860 WINTER ST,, WALTHAM, MA 02451-1413 USA SN 0028-4793 EI 1533-4406 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD JUN 26 PY 2014 VL 370 IS 26 BP 2542 EP 2543 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA AJ6KY UT WOS:000337804400021 PM 24963580 ER PT J AU Ng, TFF Mesquita, JR Nascimento, MSJ Kondov, NO Wong, W Reuter, G Knowles, NJ Vega, E Esona, MD Deng, XT Vinje, J Delwart, E AF Ng, Terry Fei Fan Mesquita, Joao Rodrigo Jose Nascimento, Maria Sao Kondov, Nikola O. Wong, Walt Reuter, Gabor Knowles, Nick J. Vega, Everardo Esona, Mathew D. Deng, Xutao Vinje, Jan Delwart, Eric TI Feline fecal virome reveals novel and prevalent enteric viruses SO VETERINARY MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Metagenomics; Virome; Enteric virus; Felis catus; Sakobuvirus ID CATS; IDENTIFICATION; PICORNAVIRUS; DIARRHEA; FECES; TRANSMISSION; PARVOVIRUSES; KLASSEVIRUS; KOBUVIRUSES; BOCAVIRUSES AB Humans keep more than 80 million cats worldwide, ensuring frequent exposure to their viruses. Despite such interactions the enteric virome of cats remains poorly understood. We analyzed a fecal sample from a single healthy cat from Portugal using viral metagenomics and detected five eukaryotic viral genomes. These viruses included a novel picornavirus (proposed genus "Sakobuvirus") and bocavirus (feline bocavirus 2), a variant of feline astrovirus 2 and sequence fragments of a highly divergent feline rotavirus and picobirnavirus. Feline sakobuvirus A represents the prototype species of a proposed new genus in the Picornaviridae family, distantly related to human salivirus and kobuvirus. Feline astroviruses (mamastrovirus 2) are the closest known relatives of the classic human astroviruses (mamastrovirus 1), suggestive of past cross-species transmission. Presence of these viruses by PCR among Portuguese cats was detected in 13% (rotavirus), 7% (astrovirus), 6% (bocavirus), 4% (sakobuvirus), and 4% (picobirnavirus) of 55 feline fecal samples. Co-infections were frequent with 40% (4/10) of infected cats shedding more than one of these five viruses. Our study provides an initial description of the feline fecal virome indicating a high level of asymptomatic infections. Availability of the genome sequences of these viruses will facilitate future tropism and feline disease association studies. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Ng, Terry Fei Fan; Kondov, Nikola O.; Wong, Walt; Deng, Xutao; Delwart, Eric] Blood Syst Res Inst, San Francisco, CA USA. [Ng, Terry Fei Fan; Deng, Xutao; Delwart, Eric] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Lab Med, San Francisco, CA 94118 USA. [Mesquita, Joao Rodrigo] Polytech Inst Viseu, Dept Anim Sci Rural Engn & Vet, Viseu, Portugal. [Jose Nascimento, Maria Sao] Univ Porto, Fac Pharm, Dept Biol Sci, P-4100 Oporto, Portugal. [Reuter, Gabor] ANTSZ Reg Inst State Publ Hlth Serv, Reg Lab Virol, Pecs, Hungary. [Knowles, Nick J.] Pirbright Inst, Woking, Surrey, England. [Vega, Everardo; Vinje, Jan] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, NCIRD, Natl Calicivirus Lab, Atlanta, GA USA. [Esona, Mathew D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, GRVLB, Natl Calicivirus Lab, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Delwart, E (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, Blood Syst Res Inst, 270 Masonic Ave, San Francisco, CA 94118 USA. EM delwarte@medicine.ucsf.edu RI Reuter, Gabor/I-7412-2013; Mesquita, Joao/B-6960-2016; Institute, Pirbright/K-4476-2014; OI Reuter, Gabor/0000-0002-5857-4934; Mesquita, Joao/0000-0001-8769-8103; Delwart, Eric/0000-0002-6296-4484; Ng, Terry Fei Fan/0000-0002-4815-8697 FU NIH [HL105770]; Blood Systems Research Institute; Hungarian Scientific Research Fund [OTKA K83013]; Janos Bolyai Research Scholarship of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences; Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) FX This work was supported by NIH grant HL105770 to E.D., the Blood Systems Research Institute, and the Hungarian Scientific Research Fund (OTKA K83013). G.R. was supported by the Janos Bolyai Research Scholarship of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences. NJK is partially supported by core-funding provided by the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC) to The Pirbright Institute. We would like to acknowledge Nadia Neto and Gregorio Gomes for technical assistance. NR 34 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1135 EI 1873-2542 J9 VET MICROBIOL JI Vet. Microbiol. PD JUN 25 PY 2014 VL 171 IS 1-2 BP 102 EP 111 DI 10.1016/j.vetmic.2014.04.005 PG 10 WC Microbiology; Veterinary Sciences SC Microbiology; Veterinary Sciences GA AI2RX UT WOS:000336706900011 PM 24793097 ER PT J AU Aho, J Hakim, A Vuylsteke, B Semde, G Gbais, HG Diarrassouba, M Thiam, M Laga, M AF Aho, Josephine Hakim, Avi Vuylsteke, Bea Semde, Gisele Gbais, Honorat G. Diarrassouba, Mamadou Thiam, Marguerite Laga, Marie TI Exploring Risk Behaviors and Vulnerability for HIV among Men Who Have Sex with Men in Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire: Poor Knowledge, Homophobia and Sexual Violence SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID INTERNALIZED HOMOPHOBIA; HUMAN-RIGHTS; INFECTION; DEPRESSION; PREVALENCE; TRANSMISSION; METAANALYSIS; PREVENTION; HIV/AIDS; AFRICA AB Men who have sex with men (MSM) are at high risk of HIV. Few data are available on MSM and HIV-related risk behaviors in West Africa. We aimed to describe risk behaviors and vulnerability among MSM in Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire. We conducted a cross-sectional respondent-driven sampling survey with 601 MSM in 2011-2012. Sociodemographic and behavioural data as well as data related to emotional state and stigma were collected. Population estimates with 95% confidence intervals were produced. Survey weighted logistic regression was used to assess factors associated with inconsistent condom use in the prior 12 months. Most MSM were 24 years of age or younger (63.9%) and had attained at least primary education (84.4%). HIV risk behaviors such as low condom and water-based lubricant use, high numbers of male and female sex partners, and sex work were frequently reported as well as verbal, physical and sexual abuse. Inconsistent condom use during anal sex with a male partner in the prior 12 months was reported by 66.0% of the MSM and was positively associated with history of forced sex, alcohol consumption, having a regular partner and a casual partner, having bought sex, and self-perception of low HIV risk. MSM in Abidjan exhibit multiple and frequent HIV-related risk behaviors. To address those behaviours, a combination of individual but also structural interventions will be needed given the context of stigma, homophobia and violence. C1 [Aho, Josephine; Vuylsteke, Bea; Laga, Marie] Inst Trop Med, Dept Publ Hlth, B-2000 Antwerp, Belgium. [Hakim, Avi] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Semde, Gisele] Family Hlth Int 360, Kinshasa, Congo. [Gbais, Honorat G.] Family Hlth Int 360, Abidjan, Cote Ivoire. [Diarrassouba, Mamadou] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Abidjan, Cote Ivoire. [Thiam, Marguerite] Minist Hlth & Fight AIDS, Program Highly Vulnerable Populat, Abidjan, Cote Ivoire. RP Aho, J (reprint author), Inst Trop Med, Dept Publ Hlth, B-2000 Antwerp, Belgium. EM joseaho@yahoo.ca FU US President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief; US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC); Canadian Institutes for Health Research FX The survey was funded by the US President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief and the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). CDC was involved in the study design but not directly with the study participants. JA is a recipient of a postdoctoral fellowship by the Canadian Institutes for Health Research. NR 30 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 2 U2 6 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUN 24 PY 2014 VL 9 IS 6 AR e99591 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0099591 PG 11 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AK7UT UT WOS:000338633900010 PM 24959923 ER PT J AU Lanzieri, TM Bialek, SR Ortega-Sanchez, IR Gambhir, M AF Lanzieri, Tatiana M. Bialek, Stephanie R. Ortega-Sanchez, Ismael R. Gambhir, Manoj TI Modeling the potential impact of vaccination on the epidemiology of congenital cytomegalovirus infection SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Cytomegalovirus; Congenital infection; Vaccination impact; Mathematical model ID WOMEN; IMMUNIZATION; TRANSMISSION; POPULATION; PREVENTION AB Background: Understanding the potential for vaccination to change cytomegalovirus (CMV) epidemiology is important for developing CMV vaccines and designing clinical trials. Methods: We constructed a deterministic, age-specific and time-dependent mathematical model of pathogen transmission, parameterized using CMV seroprevalence from the United States and Brazil, to predict the impact of vaccination on congenital CMV infection. Findings: Concurrent vaccination of young children and adolescents would result in the greatest reductions in congenital CMV infections in populations with moderate and high baseline maternal seroprevalence. Such a vaccination strategy, assuming 70% vaccine efficacy, 90% coverage and 5-year duration of protection, could ultimately prevent 30-50% of congenital CMV infections. At equilibrium, this strategy could result in a 30% reduction in congenital CMV infections due to primary maternal infection in the United States but a 3% increase in Brazil. The potential for an increase in congenital CMV infections due to primary maternal infections in Brazil was not predicted with use of a vaccine that confers protection for greater than 5 years. Interpretation: Modeling suggests that vaccination strategies that include young children will result in greater declines in congenital CMV infection than those restricted to adolescents or women of reproductive age. Our study highlights the critical need for better understanding of the relative contribution of type of maternal infection to congenital CMV infection and disease, the main focus of vaccine prevention. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Lanzieri, Tatiana M.; Bialek, Stephanie R.; Ortega-Sanchez, Ismael R.; Gambhir, Manoj] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Gambhir, Manoj] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, MRC Ctr Outbreak Anal & Modelling, London SW7 2AZ, England. [Gambhir, Manoj] Monash Univ, Fac Med Nursing & Hlth Sci, Dept Epidemiol & Prevent Med, Melbourne, Vic, Australia. RP Lanzieri, TM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS A-34, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM tmlanzieri@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 28 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X EI 1873-2518 J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD JUN 24 PY 2014 VL 32 IS 30 BP 3780 EP 3786 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2014.05.014 PG 7 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA AK4PE UT WOS:000338405800010 PM 24837782 ER PT J AU Patel, M Romero-Steiner, S Broderick, MP Thomas, CG Plikaytis, BD Schmidt, DS Johnson, SE Milton, AS Carlone, GM Clark, TA Messonnier, NE Cohn, AC Faix, DJ AF Patel, Manisha Romero-Steiner, Sandra Broderick, Michael P. Thomas, Cynthia G. Plikaytis, Brian D. Schmidt, Daniel S. Johnson, Scott E. Milton, Andrea S. Carlone, George M. Clark, Thomas A. Messonnier, Nancy E. Cohn, Amanda C. Faix, Dennis J. TI Persistence of serogroup C antibody responses following quadrivalent meningococcal conjugate vaccination in United States military personnel SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Meningococcal vaccine; Conjugate; Polysaccharide; Antibody persistence ID SERUM BACTERICIDAL ASSAYS; NEISSERIA-MENINGITIDIS; HEALTHY ADOLESCENTS; DISEASE; SURVEILLANCE; IMMUNIZATION; EFFICACY; ENGLAND; W-135 AB Serogroup C meningococcal (MenC) disease accounts for one-third of all meningococcal cases and causes meningococcal outbreaks in the U.S. Quadrivalent meningococcal vaccine conjugated to diphtheria toxoid (MenACYW(D)) was recommended in 2005 for adolescents and high risk groups such as military recruits. We evaluated anti-MenC antibody persistence in U.S. military personnel vaccinated with either MenACYWD or meningococcal polysaccharide vaccine (MPSV4). Twelve hundred subjects vaccinated with MenACYW(D) from 2006 to 2008 or MPSV4 from 2002 to 2004 were randomly selected from the Defense Medical Surveillance System. Baseline serologic responses to MenC were assessed in all subjects; 100 subjects per vaccine group were tested during one of the following six post-vaccination time-points: 5-7, 11-13, 17-19, 23-25, 29-31, or 35-37 months. Anti-MenC geometric mean titers (GMT) were measured by rabbit complement serum bactericidal assay (rSBA) and geometric mean concentrations (GMC) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Continuous variables were compared using the Wilcoxon rank sum test and the proportion of subjects with an rSBA titer >= 8 by chi-square. Pre-vaccination rSBA GMT was <8 for the MenACWY(D) group. rSBA GMT increased to 703 at 5-7 months post-vaccination and decreased by 94% to 43 at 3 years post-vaccination. GMT was significantly lower in the MenACWY(D) group at 5-7 months post-vaccination compared to the MPSV4 group. The percentage of MenACWY(D) recipients achieving an rSBA titer of >= 8 decreased from 87% at 5-7 months to 54% at 3 years. There were no significant differences between vaccine groups in the proportion of subjects with a titer of >= 8 at any time-point. GMC for the MenACWYD group was 0.14 mu g/mL at baseline, 1.07 mu g/mL at 5-7 months, and 0.66 mu g/mL at 3 years, and significantly lower than the MPSV4 group at all time-points. Anti-MenC responses wane following vaccination with MenACYW(D); a booster dose is needed to maintain protective levels of circulating antibody. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Patel, Manisha; Romero-Steiner, Sandra; Thomas, Cynthia G.; Plikaytis, Brian D.; Schmidt, Daniel S.; Johnson, Scott E.; Milton, Andrea S.; Carlone, George M.; Clark, Thomas A.; Messonnier, Nancy E.; Cohn, Amanda C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Meningitis & Vaccine Preventable Dis Branch, Div Bacterial Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Romero-Steiner, Sandra] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Sci & Publ Hlth Practice, Off Publ Hlth Preparedness & Response, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Broderick, Michael P.; Faix, Dennis J.] Naval Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92106 USA. RP Patel, M (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS C-25, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM dvn4@cdc.gov OI Romero-Steiner, Sandra/0000-0003-4128-7768 FU Military Vaccine Agency (MILVAX); Military Infectious Diseases Research Program (MIDRP) [W911QY-08-D-022] FX We thank Doug Avery, for assistance with quality assurance of serum bactericidal assays, and Julianne Nielsen of the Naval Health Research Center who performed confirmatory assays. We are grateful to the Armed Forces Health Surveillance Center and the Department of Defense Serum Repository for providing the specimens and respective data. The views expressed in this work are those of the authors and do not reflect the official policy of the Department of the Navy, Department of Defense, or the US Government. Approved for public releases; distribution is unlimited. This research has been conducted in compliance with all applicable federal regulations governing the protection of human subjects in research. This work was performed with institutional support provided by the Military Vaccine Agency (MILVAX), Military Infectious Diseases Research Program (MIDRP), contract #W911QY-08-D-022. NR 24 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X EI 1873-2518 J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD JUN 24 PY 2014 VL 32 IS 30 BP 3805 EP 3809 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2014.05.001 PG 5 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA AK4PE UT WOS:000338405800013 PM 24837781 ER PT J AU Croucher, NJ Hanage, WP Harris, SR McGee, L van der Linden, M de Lencastre, H Sa-Leao, R Song, JH Ko, KS Beall, B Klugman, KP Parkhill, J Tomasz, A Kristinsson, KG Bentley, SD AF Croucher, Nicholas J. Hanage, William P. Harris, Simon R. McGee, Lesley van der Linden, Mark de Lencastre, Herminia Sa-Leao, Raquel Song, Jae-Hoon Ko, Kwan Soo Beall, Bernard Klugman, Keith P. Parkhill, Julian Tomasz, Alexander Kristinsson, Karl G. Bentley, Stephen D. TI Variable recombination dynamics during the emergence, transmission and 'disarming' of a multidrug-resistant pneumococcal clone SO BMC BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Bacterial evolution; Antibiotic resistance; Recombination; Mobile genetic elements; Coalescent analysis; Phylogeography ID NONSUSCEPTIBLE STREPTOCOCCUS-PNEUMONIAE; MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY NETWORK; FIELD GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS; DAY-CARE-CENTERS; ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE; ANTIBIOTIC-RESISTANCE; UNITED-STATES; CHILDREN; SEQUENCE; EVOLUTION AB Background: Pneumococcal beta-lactam resistance was first detected in Iceland in the late 1980s, and subsequently peaked at almost 25% of clinical isolates in the mid-1990s largely due to the spread of the internationally-disseminated multidrug-resistant PMEN2 (or Spain(6B)-2) clone of Streptococcus pneumoniae. Results: Whole genome sequencing of an international collection of 189 isolates estimated that PMEN2 emerged around the late 1960s, developing resistance through multiple homologous recombinations and the acquisition of a Tn5253-type integrative and conjugative element (ICE). Two distinct clades entered Iceland in the 1980s, one of which had acquired a macrolide resistance cassette and was estimated to have risen sharply in its prevalence by coalescent analysis. Transmission within the island appeared to mainly emanate from Reykjavik and the Southern Peninsular, with evolution of the bacteria effectively clonal, mainly due to a prophage disrupting a gene necessary for genetic transformation in many isolates. A subsequent decline in PMEN2's prevalence in Iceland coincided with a nationwide campaign that reduced dispensing of antibiotics to children in an attempt to limit its spread. Specific mutations causing inactivation or loss of ICE-borne resistance genes were identified from the genome sequences of isolates that reverted to drug susceptible phenotypes around this time. Phylogenetic analysis revealed some of these occurred on multiple occasions in parallel, suggesting they may have been at least temporarily advantageous. However, alteration of 'core' sequences associated with resistance was precluded by the absence of any substantial homologous recombination events. Conclusions: PMEN2's clonal evolution was successful over the short-term in a limited geographical region, but its inability to alter major antigens or 'core' gene sequences associated with resistance may have prevented persistence over longer timespans. C1 [Croucher, Nicholas J.; Hanage, William P.] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Ctr Communicable Dis Dynam, Dept Epidemiol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Croucher, Nicholas J.; Harris, Simon R.; Parkhill, Julian; Bentley, Stephen D.] Wellcome Trust Sanger Inst, Pathogen Genom, Cambridge CB10 1SA, England. [Croucher, Nicholas J.] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Dept Infect Dis Epidemiol, London W2 1NY, England. [McGee, Lesley; Beall, Bernard] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Resp Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [van der Linden, Mark] Rhein Westfal TH Aachen, Univ Hosp, Natl Reference Ctr Streptococci, Inst Med Microbiol, D-52062 Aachen, Germany. [de Lencastre, Herminia; Sa-Leao, Raquel] Univ Nova Lisboa, Inst Tecnol Quim & Biol, Genet Mol Lab, P-2780156 Oeiras, Portugal. [de Lencastre, Herminia; Tomasz, Alexander] Rockefeller Univ, Microbiol Lab, New York, NY 10021 USA. [Song, Jae-Hoon] Sungkyunkwan Univ, Sch Med, Samsung Med Ctr, Seoul, South Korea. [Song, Jae-Hoon] Asia Pacific Fdn Infect Dis, Seoul, South Korea. [Ko, Kwan Soo] Sungkyunkwan Univ, Sch Med, Dept Mol Cell Biol, Suwon, South Korea. [Klugman, Keith P.] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Hubert Dept Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Klugman, Keith P.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Div Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Klugman, Keith P.] Natl Inst Communicable Dis, Ctr Resp Dis & Meningitis, Gauteng, South Africa. [Kristinsson, Karl G.] Landspitali Univ Hosp, Dept Clin Microbiol, Reykjavik, Iceland. [Kristinsson, Karl G.] Univ Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland. [Bentley, Stephen D.] Univ Cambridge, Addenbrookes Hosp, Dept Med, Cambridge CB2 0SP, England. RP Bentley, SD (reprint author), Wellcome Trust Sanger Inst, Pathogen Genom, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Cambridge CB10 1SA, England. EM sdb@sanger.ac.uk RI Sa-Leao, Raquel/A-9341-2011; Harris, Simon/K-1318-2013; van der Linden, Mark/B-9305-2009; Parkhill, Julian/G-4703-2011; OI Sa-Leao, Raquel/0000-0001-9804-827X; Harris, Simon/0000-0003-1512-6194; van der Linden, Mark/0000-0002-6574-4313; Parkhill, Julian/0000-0002-7069-5958; Tomasz, Alexander/0000-0003-1520-1983; Ko, Kwan Soo/0000-0002-0978-1937 FU Wellcome Trust [098051]; AXA Foundation postdoctoral fellowship; Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute FX This work was funded by Wellcome Trust grant number 098051. NJC was funded by an AXA Foundation postdoctoral fellowship. We thank the core sequencing and bioinformatic teams at the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute for their support. We thank members of the Active Bacterial Core surveillance program of the Emerging Infections Program of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), and Global Strain Bank Project, for contribution of strains provided by LM. The Global Strain Bank Project is a PATH-funded collaborative project between Emory University, the CDC and external contributors. We thank Dr. Thibaut Jombart and Prof. Christophe Fraser for helpful comments, and attending authors are grateful for the opportunity to discuss the project at the PERMAFROST workshop. NR 67 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 13 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1741-7007 J9 BMC BIOL JI BMC Biol. PD JUN 23 PY 2014 VL 12 AR 49 DI 10.1186/1741-7007-12-49 PG 15 WC Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics GA AL4QJ UT WOS:000339117200001 PM 24957517 ER PT J AU Soebiyanto, RP Clara, W Jara, J Castillo, L Sorto, OR Marinero, S de Antinori, MEB McCracken, JP Widdowson, MA Azziz-Baumgartner, E Kiang, RK AF Soebiyanto, Radina P. Clara, Wilfrido Jara, Jorge Castillo, Leticia Rene Sorto, Oscar Marinero, Sidia Barnett de Antinori, Maria E. McCracken, John P. Widdowson, Marc-Alain Azziz-Baumgartner, Eduardo Kiang, Richard K. TI The Role of Temperature and Humidity on Seasonal Influenza in Tropical Areas: Guatemala, El Salvador and Panama, 2008-2013 SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID RELATIVE-HUMIDITY; TRANSMISSION; VIRUS; SURVEILLANCE; SURVIVAL; EPIDEMICS; COUNTRIES; PATTERNS; DRIVERS; CENTERS AB Background: The role of meteorological factors on influenza transmission in the tropics is less defined than in the temperate regions. We assessed the association between influenza activity and temperature, specific humidity and rainfall in 6 study areas that included 11 departments or provinces within 3 tropical Central American countries: Guatemala, El Salvador and Panama. Method/Findings: Logistic regression was used to model the weekly proportion of laboratory-confirmed influenza positive samples during 2008 to 2013 (excluding pandemic year 2009). Meteorological data was obtained from the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission satellite and the Global Land Data Assimilation System. We found that specific humidity was positively associated with influenza activity in El Salvador (Odds Ratio (OR) and 95% Confidence Interval of 1.18 (1.07-1.31) and 1.32 (1.08-1.63)) and Panama (OR = 1.44 (1.08-1.93) and 1.97 (1.34-2.93)), but negatively associated with influenza activity in Guatemala (OR = 0.72 (0.6-0.86) and 0.79 (0.69-0.91)). Temperature was negatively associated with influenza in El Salvador's west-central departments (OR = 0.80 (0.7-0.91)) whilst rainfall was positively associated with influenza in Guatemala's central departments (OR = 1.05 (1.01-1.09)) and Panama province (OR = 1.10 (1.05-1.14)). In 4 out of the 6 locations, specific humidity had the highest contribution to the model as compared to temperature and rainfall. The model performed best in estimating 2013 influenza activity in Panama and west-central El Salvador departments (correlation coefficients: 0.5-0.9). Conclusions/Significance: The findings highlighted the association between influenza activity and specific humidity in these 3 tropical countries. Positive association with humidity was found in El Salvador and Panama. Negative association was found in the more subtropical Guatemala, similar to temperate regions. Of all the study locations, Guatemala had annual mean temperature and specific humidity that were lower than the others. C1 [Soebiyanto, Radina P.] Univ Space Res Assoc, Goddard Earth Sci Technol & Res GESTAR, Columbia, MD USA. [Soebiyanto, Radina P.; Kiang, Richard K.] NASA, Global Change Data Ctr, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. [Clara, Wilfrido] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Reg Off Cent Amer Reg, Influenza Program, Guatemala City, Guatemala. [Jara, Jorge; McCracken, John P.] Univ Valle Guatemala, Influenza Unit, Ctr Hlth Studies, Guatemala City, Guatemala. [Castillo, Leticia] Minist Hlth Guatemala, Natl Influenza Ctr, Guatemala City, Guatemala. [Rene Sorto, Oscar] Minist Hlth El Salvador, Hlth Surveillance Div, San Salvador, El Salvador. [Marinero, Sidia] Minist Environm & Nat Resources El Salvador, Div Meteorol, Natl Environm Observ, San Salvador, El Salvador. [Barnett de Antinori, Maria E.] Gorgas Mem Inst Hlth Studies, Natl Influenza Ctr, Panama City, Panama. [Widdowson, Marc-Alain; Azziz-Baumgartner, Eduardo] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Kiang, RK (reprint author), NASA, Global Change Data Ctr, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Code 610-2, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. EM richard.kiang@nasa.gov FU NASA Applied Science - Public Health program; CDC Influenza Division FX This study was supported by NASA Applied Science - Public Health program and CDC Influenza Division. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 51 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 2 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUN 23 PY 2014 VL 9 IS 6 AR e100659 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0100659 PG 11 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AL1WV UT WOS:000338917900078 PM 24956184 ER PT J AU Brenton, AA Souvannaseng, L Cheung, K Anishchenko, M Brault, AC Luckhart, S AF Brenton, Ashley A. Souvannaseng, Lattha Cheung, Kong Anishchenko, Michael Brault, Aaron C. Luckhart, Shirley TI Engineered single nucleotide polymorphisms in the mosquito MEK docking site alter Plasmodium berghei development in Anopheles gambiae SO PARASITES & VECTORS LA English DT Article DE Anopheles; Mosquito; MAPK; Plasmodium; Malaria; Single nucleotide polymorphism; Immunity ID ANTHRAX LETHAL FACTOR; MAP-KINASE-KINASE; IN-VIVO; SIGNALING PATHWAYS; ACTIVATION LOOP; ERK ACTIVATION; MELANOMA-CELLS; PROTEIN; PHOSPHORYLATION; FALCIPARUM AB Background: Susceptibility to Plasmodium infection in Anopheles gambiae has been proposed to result from naturally occurring polymorphisms that alter the strength of endogenous innate defenses. Despite the fact that some of these mutations are known to introduce non-synonymous substitutions in coding sequences, these mutations have largely been used to rationalize knockdown of associated target proteins to query the effects on parasite development in the mosquito host. Here, we assay the effects of engineered mutations on an immune signaling protein target that is known to control parasite sporogonic development. By this proof-of-principle work, we have established that naturally occurring mutations can be queried for their effects on mosquito protein function and on parasite development and that this important signaling pathway can be genetically manipulated to enhance mosquito resistance. Methods: We introduced SNPs into the A. gambiae MAPK kinase MEK to alter key residues in the N-terminal docking site (D-site), thus interfering with its ability to interact with the downstream kinase target ERK. ERK phosphorylation levels in vitro and in vivo were evaluated to confirm the effects of MEK D-site mutations. In addition, overexpression of various MEK D-site alleles was used to assess P. berghei infection in A. gambiae. Results: The MEK D-site contains conserved lysine residues predicted to mediate protein-protein interaction with ERK. As anticipated, each of the D-site mutations (K3M, K6M) suppressed ERK phosphorylation and this inhibition was significant when both mutations were present. Tissue-targeted overexpression of alleles encoding MEK D-site polymorphisms resulted in reduced ERK phosphorylation in the midgut of A. gambiae. Furthermore, as expected, inhibition of MEK-ERK signaling due to D-site mutations resulted in reduction in P. berghei development relative to infection in the presence of overexpressed catalytically active MEK. Conclusion: MEK-ERK signaling in A. gambiae, as in model organisms and humans, depends on the integrity of conserved key residues within the MEK D-site. Disruption of signal transmission via engineered SNPs provides a purposeful proof-of-principle model for the study of naturally occurring mutations that may be associated with mosquito resistance to parasite infection as well as an alternative genetic basis for manipulation of this important immune signaling pathway. C1 [Brenton, Ashley A.; Souvannaseng, Lattha; Cheung, Kong; Luckhart, Shirley] Univ Calif Davis, Sch Med, Dept Med Microbiol & Immunol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Anishchenko, Michael; Brault, Aaron C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging Zoonot Infect Dis, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. RP Luckhart, S (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Sch Med, Dept Med Microbiol & Immunol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM sluckhart@ucdavis.edu FU National Institutes of Health National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases [R01 AI078183, R01 AI080799, T32 AI074550] FX This project support was provided by the National Institutes of Health National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases R01 AI078183 (to SL), R01 AI080799 (to SL), T32 AI074550 (to AAB, LS). We thank Dr. Que Lan and her laboratory personnel (University of Wisconsin) for their patience in training us in the technique of plasmid microinjection and we regret that Dr. Lan's untimely passing prevented us from sharing our success with her. NR 51 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 8 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1756-3305 J9 PARASITE VECTOR JI Parasites Vectors PD JUN 23 PY 2014 VL 7 AR 287 DI 10.1186/1756-3305-7-287 PG 11 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA AK9GP UT WOS:000338735900001 PM 24957684 ER PT J AU Madhi, SA Parashar, UD AF Madhi, Shabir A. Parashar, Umesh D. TI 116E rotavirus vaccine development: a successful alliance SO LANCET LA English DT Editorial Material ID PROGRAMS C1 [Madhi, Shabir A.] Natl Inst Communicable Dis, Natl Hlth Lab Serv, ZA-2131 Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa. [Madhi, Shabir A.] Univ Witwatersrand, Natl Res Fdn Vaccine Preventable Dis, Dept Sci & Technol, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Madhi, Shabir A.] Univ Witwatersrand, MRC, Resp & Meningeal Pathogens Res Unit, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Parashar, Umesh D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Madhi, SA (reprint author), Natl Inst Communicable Dis, Natl Hlth Lab Serv, ZA-2131 Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa. EM shabirm@nicd.ac.za NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0140-6736 EI 1474-547X J9 LANCET JI Lancet PD JUN 21 PY 2014 VL 383 IS 9935 BP 2106 EP 2107 DI 10.1016/S0140-6736(13)62701-4 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA AJ7VG UT WOS:000337906600007 PM 24629992 ER PT J AU Blair, JM Fagan, JL Frazier, EL Do, A Bradley, H Valverde, EE McNaghten, AD Beer, L Zhang, SY Huang, P Mattson, CL Freedman, MS Johnson, CH Sanders, CC Spruit-McGoff, KE Heffelfinger, JD Skarbinski, J AF Blair, Janet M. Fagan, Jennifer L. Frazier, Emma L. Do, Ann Bradley, Heather Valverde, Eduardo E. McNaghten, A. D. Beer, Linda Zhang, Shuyan Huang, Ping Mattson, Christine L. Freedman, Mark S. Johnson, Christopher H. Sanders, Catherine C. Spruit-McGoff, Kathryn E. Heffelfinger, James D. Skarbinski, Jacek TI Behavioral and Clinical Characteristics of Persons Receiving Medical Care for HIV Infection - Medical Monitoring Project, United States, 2009 SO MMWR SURVEILLANCE SUMMARIES LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; SQUAMOUS INTRAEPITHELIAL LESIONS; ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; CIGARETTE-SMOKING; CERVICAL-CANCER; INFLUENZA VACCINATION; SERVICES UTILIZATION; BACTERIAL PNEUMONIA; SEXUAL TRANSMISSION; SUPPORT SERVICES AB Problem: As of December 31, 2009, an estimated 864,748 persons were living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in the 50 U.S. states, the District of Columbia, and six U.S.-dependent areas. Whereas HIV surveillance programs in the United States collect information about persons with a diagnosis of HIV infection, supplemental surveillance systems collect in-depth information about the behavioral and clinical characteristics of persons receiving outpatient medical care for HIV infection. These data are needed to reduce HIV-related morbidity and mortality and HIV transmission. Reporting Period Covered: Data were collected during June 2009-May 2010 for patients receiving medical care at least once during January-April 2009. Description of the System: The Medical Monitoring Project (MMP) is an ongoing surveillance system that assesses behaviors and clinical characteristics of HIV-infected persons who have received outpatient medical care. For the 2009 data collection cycle, participants must have been aged >= 18 years and have received medical care during January-April 2009 at sampled facilities that provide HIV medical care within participating MMP project areas. Behavioral and selected clinical data were collected using an in-person interview, and most clinical data were collected using medical record abstraction. A total of 23 project areas in 16 states and Puerto Rico were funded to collect data during the 2009 data collection cycle. The data were weighted for probability of selection and nonresponse to be representative of adults receiving outpatient medical care for HIV infection in the United States and Puerto Rico. Prevalence estimates are presented as weighted percentages. The period of reference is the 12 months before the patient interview unless otherwise noted. Results: The patients in MMP represent 421,186 adults who received outpatient medical care for HIV infection in the United States and Puerto Rico during January-April 2009. Of adults who received medical care for HIV infection, an estimated 71.2% were male, 27.2% were female, and 1.6% were transgender. An estimated 41.4% were black or African American, 34.6% were white, and 19.1% were Hispanic or Latino. The largest proportion (23.1%) were aged 45-49 years. Most patients (81.1%) had medical coverage; 40.3% had Medicaid, 30.6% had private health insurance, and 25.7% had Medicare. An estimated 69.6% of patients had three or more documented CD4+ T-lymphocyte cell (CD4+) or HIV viral load tests. Most patients (88.7%) were prescribed antiretroviral therapy (ART), and 71.6% had a documented viral load that was undetectable or <= 200 copies/mL at their most recent test. Among sexually active patients, 55.0% had documentation in the medical record of being tested for syphilis, 23.2% for gonorrhea, and 23.9% for chlamydia. Noninjection drugs were used for nonmedical purposes by an estimated 27.1% of patients, whereas injection drugs were used for nonmedical purposes by 2.1% of patients. Overall, 12.9% of patients engaged in unprotected sex with a partner of negative or unknown HIV status. Unmet supportive service needs were prevalent, with an estimated 22.8% in need of dental care and 12.0% in need of public benefits, including Social Security Income or Social Security Disability Insurance. Fewer than half of patients (44.8%) reported receiving HIV and sexually transmitted disease prevention counseling from a health-care provider. Interpretation: The findings in this report indicate that most adults living with HIV who received medical care in 2009 were taking ART, had CD4+ and HIV viral load testing at regular intervals, and had health insurance or other coverage. However, some patients did not receive clinical services and treatment in accordance with guidelines. Some patients engaged in behaviors, such as unprotected sex, that increase the risk for transmitting HIV to sex partners, and some used noninjection or injection drugs or both. Public Health Actions: Local and state health departments and federal agencies can use MMP data for program planning to determine allocation of services and resources, guide prevention planning, assess unmet medical and supportive service needs, inform health-care providers, and help focus intervention programs and health policies at the local, state, and national levels. C1 [Blair, Janet M.; Fagan, Jennifer L.; Frazier, Emma L.; Do, Ann; Bradley, Heather; Valverde, Eduardo E.; McNaghten, A. D.; Beer, Linda; Zhang, Shuyan; Huang, Ping; Mattson, Christine L.; Freedman, Mark S.; Johnson, Christopher H.; Sanders, Catherine C.; Spruit-McGoff, Kathryn E.; Heffelfinger, James D.; Skarbinski, Jacek] CDC, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Bradley, H (reprint author), CDC, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM iyk5@cdc.gov NR 99 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 5 U2 9 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL & PREVENTION PI ATLANTA PA MAILSTOP E-90, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1545-8636 J9 MMWR SURVEILL SUMM JI MMWR Surv. Summ. PD JUN 20 PY 2014 VL 63 IS 5 BP 1 EP 28 PG 28 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AM9BC UT WOS:000340173400001 PM 24941443 ER PT J AU Lindsey, NP Lehman, JA Staples, JE Fischer, M AF Lindsey, Nicole P. Lehman, Jennifer A. Staples, J. Erin Fischer, Marc TI West Nile Virus and Other Arboviral Diseases - United States, 2013 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article ID ENCEPHALITIS; USA C1 [Lindsey, Nicole P.; Lehman, Jennifer A.; Staples, J. Erin; Fischer, Marc] CDC, Div Vector Borne Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Lindsey, NP (reprint author), CDC, Div Vector Borne Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM nplindsey@cdc.gov NR 9 TC 18 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 10 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL & PREVENTION PI ATLANTA PA MAILSTOP E-90, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD JUN 20 PY 2014 VL 63 IS 24 BP 521 EP 526 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AJ8BN UT WOS:000337927700001 PM 24941331 ER PT J AU MacNeil, JR Rubin, L McNamara, L Briere, EC Clark, TA Cohn, AC AF MacNeil, Jessica R. Rubin, Lorry McNamara, Lucy Briere, Elizabeth C. Clark, Thomas A. Cohn, Amanda C. TI Use of MenACWY-CRM Vaccine in Children Aged 2 Through 23 Months at Increased Risk for Meningococcal Disease: Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices, 2013 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article ID CONJUGATE VACCINE; SAFETY; IMMUNOGENICITY; VACCINATIONS; SEROGROUPS; INFANTS AB Recommendations for routine use of vaccines in children, adolescents and adults are developed by the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP). ACIP is chartered as a federal advisory committee to provide expert external advice and guidance to the Director of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) on use of vaccines and related agents for the control of vaccine-preventable diseases in the civilian population of the United States. Recommendations for routine use of vaccines in children and adolescents are harmonized to the greatest extent possible with recommendations made by the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP), the American Academy of Family Physicians (AAFP), and the American College of Obstetrics and Gynecology (A COG). Recommendations for routine use of vaccines in adults are harmonized with recommendations of AAFR ACOG, and the American College of Physicians (ACP). ACIP recommendations adopted by the CDC Director become agency guidelines on the date published in the Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR). Additional information regarding ACIP is available at http://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/aczp. C1 [MacNeil, Jessica R.; Briere, Elizabeth C.; Clark, Thomas A.; Cohn, Amanda C.] CDC, Meningitis & Vaccine Preventable Dis Branch, Div Bacterial Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [McNamara, Lucy] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP MacNeil, JR (reprint author), CDC, Meningitis & Vaccine Preventable Dis Branch, Div Bacterial Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM jmacneil@cdc.gov NR 12 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 3 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL & PREVENTION PI ATLANTA PA MAILSTOP E-90, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD JUN 20 PY 2014 VL 63 IS 24 BP 527 EP 530 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AJ8BN UT WOS:000337927700002 PM 24941332 ER PT J AU Mercado-Crespo, MC Sumner, SA Spelke, MB Sugerman, DE Stanley, C AF Mercado-Crespo, Melissa C. Sumner, Steven A. Spelke, M. Bridget Sugerman, David E. Stanley, Christina TI Increase in Fentanyl-Related Overdose Deaths - Rhode Island, November 2013-March 2014 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Mercado-Crespo, Melissa C.; Sumner, Steven A.] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Spelke, M. Bridget; Sugerman, David E.] CDC, Div Unintent Injury Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Stanley, Christina] Rhode Isl Dept Hlth, Off State Med Examiners, Providence, RI 02908 USA. RP Mercado-Crespo, MC (reprint author), CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM mmercadocrespo@cdc.gov NR 3 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 8 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL & PREVENTION PI ATLANTA PA MAILSTOP E-90, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD JUN 20 PY 2014 VL 63 IS 24 BP 531 EP 531 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AJ8BN UT WOS:000337927700003 PM 24941333 ER PT J AU Dodd, KA Bird, BH Jones, MEB Nichol, ST Spiropoulou, CF AF Dodd, Kimberly A. Bird, Brian H. Jones, Megan E. B. Nichol, Stuart T. Spiropoulou, Christina F. TI Kyasanur Forest Disease Virus Infection in Mice Is Associated with Higher Morbidity and Mortality than Infection with the Closely Related Alkhurma Hemorrhagic Fever Virus SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID SAUDI-ARABIA; ENCEPHALITIS; TICKS; NAJRAN; MODELS; MOUSE; INDIA AB Background: Kyasanur Forest disease virus (KFDV) and Alkhurma hemorrhagic fever virus (AHFV) are closely related members of the Flavivirus genus and are important causes of human disease in India and the Arabian Peninsula, respectively. Despite high genetic similarity, the viruses have distinctly different host ranges and ecologies. Human cases of KFDV or AHFV develop a spectrum of disease syndromes ranging from liver pathology to neurologic disease. Case reports suggest KFDV is more commonly associated with hepatic and gastrointestinal manifestations whereas AHFV is more commonly associated with neurologic disease. Methodology/Principal Findings: Inoculation of three immunocompetent laboratory mouse strains revealed that KFDV was consistently more lethal than AHFV. In subsequent studies utilizing C57BL/6J mice, we demonstrated that KFDV infection was associated with higher viral loads and significantly higher mortality. KFDV-infected mice rapidly developed more severe disease than AHFV-infected mice, as evidenced by significant abnormalities on clinical chemistry panels and more severe pathology in the brain and gastrointestinal tract. Conclusions/Significance: Infections of C57BL/6J mice with KFDV or AHFV resulted in clinical disease syndromes that closely approximate the diseases seen in human cases. Despite high genetic similarity, there were clear differences in survival, viral kinetics, clinical chemistry data and histology. These results suggest that distinct mouse models for AHFV and KFDV are necessary in order to gain a better understanding of the unique pathogenesis of each virus, as well as to provide platforms for testing promising vaccines and therapeutics. C1 [Dodd, Kimberly A.; Bird, Brian H.; Jones, Megan E. B.; Nichol, Stuart T.; Spiropoulou, Christina F.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Viral Special Pathogens Branch, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Dodd, Kimberly A.] Univ Calif Davis, Sch Vet Med, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Jones, Megan E. B.] Univ Georgia, Coll Vet Med, Dept Pathol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Spiropoulou, CF (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Viral Special Pathogens Branch, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM ccs8@cdc.gov NR 21 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUN 20 PY 2014 VL 9 IS 6 AR e100301 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0100301 PG 9 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AK2UZ UT WOS:000338276300061 PM 24950196 ER PT J AU Feng, LZ Li, ZJ Zhao, SW Nair, H Lai, SJ Xu, WB Li, MF Wu, JG Ren, LL Liu, W Yuan, ZH Chen, Y Wang, XH Zhao, Z Zhang, HL Li, F Ye, XF Li, S Feikin, D Yu, HJ Yang, WZ AF Feng, Luzhao Li, Zhongjie Zhao, Shiwen Nair, Harish Lai, Shengjie Xu, Wenbo Li, Mengfeng Wu, Jianguo Ren, Lili Liu, Wei Yuan, Zhenghong Chen, Yu Wang, Xinhua Zhao, Zhuo Zhang, Honglong Li, Fu Ye, Xianfei Li, Sa Feikin, Daniel Yu, Hongjie Yang, Weizhong TI Viral Etiologies of Hospitalized Acute Lower Respiratory Infection Patients in China, 2009-2013 SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID YOUNG-CHILDREN; SYSTEMATIC ANALYSIS; SYNCYTIAL VIRUS; GLOBAL BURDEN; HUMAN METAPNEUMOVIRUS; SEASONAL INFLUENZA; MORTALITY; SURVEILLANCE; DISEASE; METAANALYSIS AB Background: Acute lower respiratory infections (ALRIs) are an important cause of acute illnesses and mortality worldwide and in China. However, a large-scale study on the prevalence of viral infections across multiple provinces and seasons has not been previously reported from China. Here, we aimed to identify the viral etiologies associated with ALRIs from 22 Chinese provinces. Methods and Findings: Active surveillance for hospitalized ALRI patients in 108 sentinel hospitals in 24 provinces of China was conducted from January 2009-September 2013. We enrolled hospitalized all-age patients with ALRI, and collected respiratory specimens, blood or serum collected for diagnostic testing for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), human influenza virus, adenoviruses (ADV), human parainfluenza virus (PIV), human metapneumovirus (hMPV), human coronavirus (hCoV) and human bocavirus (hBoV). We included 28,369 ALRI patients from 81 (of the 108) sentinel hospitals in 22 (of the 24) provinces, and 10,387 (36.6%) were positive for at least one etiology. The most frequently detected virus was RSV (9.9%), followed by influenza (6.6%), PIV (4.8%), ADV (3.4%), hBoV (1.9), hMPV (1.5%) and hCoV (1.4%). Co-detections were found in 7.2% of patients. RSV was the most common etiology (17.0%) in young children aged <2 years. Influenza viruses were the main cause of the ALRIs in adults and elderly. PIV, hBoV, hMPV and ADV infections were more frequent in children, while hCoV infection was distributed evenly in all-age. There were clear seasonal peaks for RSV, influenza, PIV, hBoV and hMPV infections. Conclusions: Our findings could serve as robust evidence for public health authorities in drawing up further plans to prevent and control ALRIs associated with viral pathogens. RSV is common in young children and prevention measures could have large public health impact. Influenza was most common in adults and influenza vaccination should be implemented on a wider scale in China. C1 [Feng, Luzhao; Li, Zhongjie; Lai, Shengjie; Zhang, Honglong; Li, Sa; Yu, Hongjie; Yang, Weizhong] Chinese Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Infect Dis, Key Lab Surveillance & Early Warning Infect Dis, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Zhao, Shiwen] Yunnan Prov Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Kunming, Peoples R China. [Nair, Harish] Univ Edinburgh, Global Hlth Acad, Ctr Populat Hlth Sci, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland. [Nair, Harish] Publ Hlth Fdn India, New Delhi, India. [Xu, Wenbo] Chinese Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Inst Viral Dis Control & Prevent, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Li, Mengfeng; Li, Fu] Sun Yat Sen Univ, Minist Educ, Key Lab Trop Dis Control, Guangzhou 510275, Guangdong, Peoples R China. [Wu, Jianguo] Wuhan Univ, Coll Life Sci, State Key Lab Virol, Wuhan 430072, Peoples R China. [Ren, Lili] Chinese Acad Med Sci, Inst Pathogen Biol, Beijing 100730, Peoples R China. [Ren, Lili] Peking Union Med Coll, Beijing 100021, Peoples R China. [Liu, Wei] Beijing Inst Microbiol & Epidemiol, State Key Lab Pathogen & Biosecur, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Yuan, Zhenghong; Ye, Xianfei] Shanghai Publ Hlth Clin Ctr, Shanghai, Peoples R China. [Chen, Yu] Zhejiang Univ, Sch Med, Affiliated Hosp 1, State Key Lab Diag & Treatment Infect Dis, Hangzhou 310003, Zhejiang, Peoples R China. [Wang, Xinhua] Gansu Prov Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Lanzhou, Peoples R China. [Zhao, Zhuo] Liaoning Prov Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Shenyang, Peoples R China. [Feikin, Daniel] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Yu, HJ (reprint author), Chinese Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Infect Dis, Key Lab Surveillance & Early Warning Infect Dis, Beijing, Peoples R China. EM yuhj@chinacdc.cn; yangwz@chinacdc.cn RI Nair, Harish/E-7431-2010 OI Nair, Harish/0000-0002-9432-9100 FU National Key Science and Technology Project on Infectious Disease Surveillance Technique Platform of China [2009ZX10004-201, 2009ZX10004-202, 2009ZX10004-204, 2009ZX10004-206, 2009ZX10004-207]; [2009ZX10004-208]; [2009ZX10004-209]; [2009ZX10004-210]; [2009ZX10004-211]; [2009ZX10004-212]; [2009ZX10004-213]; [2012ZX10004-201]; [2013ZX10004-202]; [2012ZX10004-206]; [2012ZX10004-207]; [2012ZX10004-208]; [2012ZX10004-209]; [2012ZX10004-210]; [2012ZX10004-211]; [2012ZX10004-212]; [2012ZX10004-213] FX This work was supported by grants from the National Key Science and Technology Project on Infectious Disease Surveillance Technique Platform of China (2009ZX10004-201, 2009ZX10004-202, 2009ZX10004-204, 2009ZX10004-206, 2009ZX10004-207, 2009ZX10004-208, 2009ZX10004-209, 2009ZX10004-210, 2009ZX10004-211, 2009ZX10004-212, 2009ZX10004-213, 2012ZX10004-201, 2013ZX10004-202, 2012ZX10004-206, 2012ZX10004-207, 2012ZX10004-208, 2012ZX10004-209, 2012ZX10004-210, 2012ZX10004-211, 2012ZX10004-212, 2012ZX10004-213). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 32 TC 15 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 16 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUN 19 PY 2014 VL 9 IS 6 AR e99419 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0099419 PG 9 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AN6QP UT WOS:000340721500019 PM 24945280 ER PT J AU Radzio, J Hanley, K Mitchell, J Ellis, S Deyounks, F Jenkins, LT Hanson, D Heneine, W Garcia-Lerma, JG AF Radzio, Jessica Hanley, Krisztina Mitchell, James Ellis, Shanon Deyounks, Frank Jenkins, Leecresia T. Hanson, Debra Heneine, Walid Garcia-Lerma, J. Gerardo TI Physiologic doses of depot-medroxyprogesterone acetate do not increase acute plasma simian HIV viremia or mucosal virus shedding in pigtail macaques SO AIDS LA English DT Article DE depot-medroxyprogesterone acetate; pigtail macaques; simian HIV; virus shedding ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; TRANSMITTED-DISEASE ACQUISITION; SIV VAGINAL TRANSMISSION; HORMONAL CONTRACEPTIVES; MENSTRUAL-CYCLE; RHESUS MACAQUES; EPIDEMIOLOGIC EVIDENCE; ESTROGEN PROTECTS; EPITHELIUM; RISK AB Objective: Epidemiologic studies remain inconclusive on whether the injectable contraceptive depot-medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA) increases mucosal HIV shedding and transmissibility. Nonhuman primate models may help to determine the effects of DMPA on acute HIV replication. Design: We defined a physiologic dose of DMPA in macaques and assessed the impact of DMPA on acute simian HIV (SHIV) replication. Methods: Pigtail macaques received 1-30 mg of DMPA intramuscularly followed by measurements of progesterone and medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA). Vaginal epithelial thickness, number of cell layers and density of intraepithelial CD3(+) cells were measured. The effect of DMPA on SHIV viremia and genital virus shedding was investigated in six pigtail macaques infected during monthly treatment cycles with 3 mg DMPA. Six DMPA-untreated macaques were controls. Results: Plasma MPA concentrations directly correlated with changes in epithelial thickness (correlation = 0.84; P < 0.001) and density of intraepithelial CD3(+) cells (correlation = 0.41; P = 0.02). A 3mg DMPA dose recapitulated plasma MPA concentrations and changes in vaginal epithelial thickness seen in women. DMPA-treated and untreated macaques showed similar peak plasma viremia and RNA area under the curve values over 12 weeks (P = 0.94), although treated macaques had higher odds of having virus being detected in plasma (odds ratio 6.6, P = 0.02). Rectal and vaginal virus shedding was similar between treated and untreated macaques (P = 0.72 and P = 0.53, respectively). Conclusion: In this pigtail macaque model of DMPA and vaginal SHIV infection, we found little or no effect of DMPA on plasma viremia and mucosal virus shedding during acute infection. These results do not support a role of DMPA in increasing mucosal HIV shedding. (C) 2014 Wolters Kluwer Health vertical bar Lippincott Williams & Wilkins C1 [Radzio, Jessica; Mitchell, James; Ellis, Shanon; Deyounks, Frank; Jenkins, Leecresia T.; Hanson, Debra; Heneine, Walid; Garcia-Lerma, J. Gerardo] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Branch Lab, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA USA. [Hanley, Krisztina] Emory Univ, Dept Pathol, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Garcia-Lerma, JG (reprint author), Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Branch Lab, MS G45,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM GGarcia-Lerma@cdc.gov RI Hanley, Krisztina/J-8248-2014 FU CDC [Y1-Al-0681-02]; NIH [Y1-Al-0681-02] FX We thank Dr Gregory Langham for serving as the attending veterinarian for this animal study protocol, Dr David Garber for maintaining our cohort of animals and coordinating animal studies, and Dr Ivana Massud, Mianer Cong and Susan Ruone for their help in processing some blood specimens. This work was partially supported by Interagency Agreement Y1-Al-0681-02 between CDC and NIH. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 37 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0269-9370 EI 1473-5571 J9 AIDS JI Aids PD JUN 19 PY 2014 VL 28 IS 10 BP 1431 EP 1439 DI 10.1097/QAD.0000000000000294 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA AJ5EP UT WOS:000337705400006 PM 24759208 ER PT J AU Patel, P Borkowf, CB Brooks, JT Lasry, A Lansky, A Mermin, J AF Patel, Pragna Borkowf, Craig B. Brooks, John T. Lasry, Arielle Lansky, Amy Mermin, Jonathan TI Estimating per-act HIV transmission risk: a systematic review SO AIDS LA English DT Article DE HIV; per-act; prevention; risk; transmission ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; HEALTH-CARE WORKERS; INJECTING DRUG-USERS; HEPATITIS-C VIRUS; BLOOD-TRANSFUSION; MALE CIRCUMCISION; HETEROSEXUAL TRANSMISSION; ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; OCCUPATIONAL-EXPOSURE; PROSPECTIVE COHORT AB Background: Effective HIV prevention programs rely on accurate estimates of the per-act risk of HIV acquisition from sexual and parenteral exposures. We updated the previous risk estimates of HIV acquisition from parenteral, vertical, and sexual exposures, and assessed the modifying effects of factors including condom use, male circumcision, and antiretroviral therapy. Methods: We conducted literature searches to identify new studies reporting data regarding per-act HIV transmission risk and modifying factors. Of the 7339 abstracts potentially related to per-act HIV transmission risk, three meta-analyses provided pooled per-act transmission risk probabilities and two studies provided data on modifying factors. Of the 8119 abstracts related to modifying factors, 15 relevant articles, including three meta-analyses, were included. We used fixed-effects inverse-variance models on the logarithmic scale to obtain updated estimates of certain transmission risks using data from primary studies, and employed Poisson regression to calculate relative risks with exact 95% confidence intervals for certain modifying factors. Results: Risk of HIV transmission was greatest for blood transfusion, followed by vertical exposure, sexual exposures, and other parenteral exposures. Sexual exposure risks ranged from low for oral sex to 138 infections per 10 000 exposures for receptive anal intercourse. Estimated risks of HIV acquisition from sexual exposure were attenuated by 99.2% with the dual use of condoms and antiretroviral treatment of the HIV-infected partner. Conclusion: The risk of HIV acquisition varied widely, and the estimates for receptive anal intercourse increased compared with previous estimates. The risk associated with sexual intercourse was reduced most substantially by the combined use of condoms and antiretroviral treatment of HIV-infected partners. (C) 2014 Wolters Kluwer Health vertical bar Lippincott Williams & Wilkins C1 [Patel, Pragna; Borkowf, Craig B.; Brooks, John T.; Lasry, Arielle; Lansky, Amy; Mermin, Jonathan] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Patel, P (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM plp3@cdc.gov NR 80 TC 88 Z9 89 U1 5 U2 34 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 0269-9370 EI 1473-5571 J9 AIDS JI Aids PD JUN 19 PY 2014 VL 28 IS 10 BP 1509 EP 1519 DI 10.1097/QAD.0000000000000298 PG 11 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA AJ5EP UT WOS:000337705400014 PM 24809629 ER PT J AU Lasry, A Sansom, SL Wolitski, RJ Green, TA Borkowf, CB Patel, P Mermin, J AF Lasry, Arielle Sansom, Stephanie L. Wolitski, Richard J. Green, Timothy A. Borkowf, Craig B. Patel, Pragna Mermin, Jonathan TI HIV sexual transmission risk among serodiscordant couples: assessing the effects of combining prevention strategies SO AIDS LA English DT Article DE acquisition; antiretroviral therapy; circumcision; condom; HIV; preexposure prophylaxis; serodiscordant couple; transmission ID NATIONAL PROBABILITY SAMPLE; PREEXPOSURE PROPHYLAXIS; UNITED-STATES; HETEROSEXUAL TRANSMISSION; ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; PERCEIVED HEALTH; BISEXUAL MEN; VIRAL LOAD; CONDOM USE; BEHAVIORS AB Background: The number of strategies to prevent HIV transmission has increased following trials evaluating antiretroviral therapy (ART), preexposure prophylaxis (PrEP) and male circumcision. Serodiscordant couples need guidance on the effects of these strategies alone, and in combination with each other, on HIV transmission. Methods: We estimated the sexual risk of HIV transmission over 1-year and 10-year periods among male-male and male-female serodiscordant couples. We assumed the following reductions in transmission: 80% from consistent condom use; 54% from circumcision in the negative male partner of a heterosexual couple; 73% from circumcision in the negative partner of a male-male couple; 71% from PrEP in heterosexual couples; 44% from PrEP in male-male couples; and 96% from ART use by the HIV-infected partner. Findings: For couples using any single prevention strategy, a substantial cumulative risk of HIV transmission remained. For a male-female couple using only condoms, estimated risk over 10 years was 11%; for a male-male couple using only condoms, estimated risk was 76%. ART use by the HIV-infected partner was the most effective single strategy in reducing risk; among male-male couples, adding consistent condom use was necessary to keep the 10-year risk below 10%. Conclusion: Focusing on 1-year and longer term transmission probabilities gives couples a better understanding of risk than those illustrated by data for a single sexual act. Long-term transmission probabilities to the negative partner in serodiscordant couples can be high, though these can be substantially reduced with the strategic use of preventive methods, especially those that include ART. (C) 2014 Wolters Kluwer Health vertical bar Lippincott Williams & Wilkins C1 [Lasry, Arielle; Sansom, Stephanie L.; Wolitski, Richard J.; Green, Timothy A.; Borkowf, Craig B.; Patel, Pragna; Mermin, Jonathan] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Lasry, A (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mailstop E-48, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM alasry@cdc.gov NR 46 TC 19 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 11 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0269-9370 EI 1473-5571 J9 AIDS JI Aids PD JUN 19 PY 2014 VL 28 IS 10 BP 1521 EP 1529 DI 10.1097/QAD.0000000000000307 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA AJ5EP UT WOS:000337705400015 PM 24804859 ER PT J AU Wilson, MR Naccache, SN Samayoa, E Biagtan, M Bashir, H Yu, GX Salamat, SM Somasekar, S Federman, S Miller, S Sokolic, R Garabedian, E Candotti, F Buckley, RH Reed, KD Meyer, TL Seroogy, CM Galloway, R Henderson, SL Gern, JE DeRisi, JL Chiu, CY AF Wilson, Michael R. Naccache, Samia N. Samayoa, Erik Biagtan, Mark Bashir, Hiba Yu, Guixia Salamat, Shahriar M. Somasekar, Sneha Federman, Scot Miller, Steve Sokolic, Robert Garabedian, Elizabeth Candotti, Fabio Buckley, Rebecca H. Reed, Kurt D. Meyer, Teresa L. Seroogy, Christine M. Galloway, Renee Henderson, Sheryl L. Gern, James E. DeRisi, Joseph L. Chiu, Charles Y. TI Actionable Diagnosis of Neuroleptospirosis by Next-Generation Sequencing SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID TRIATHLON PARTICIPANTS; PATHOGEN DISCOVERY; LEPTOSPIROSIS; ENCEPHALITIS; OUTBREAK; GENOME; ETIOLOGIES; EXPERIENCE; CHALLENGE; PCR AB A 14-year-old boy with severe combined immunodeficiency presented three times to a medical facility over a period of 4 months with fever and headache that progressed to hydrocephalus and status epilepticus necessitating a medically induced coma. Diagnostic workup including brain biopsy was unrevealing. Unbiased next-generation sequencing of the cerebrospinal fluid identified 475 of 3,063,784 sequence reads (0.016%) corresponding to leptospira infection. Clinical assays for leptospirosis were negative. Targeted antimicrobial agents were administered, and the patient was discharged home 32 days later with a status close to his premorbid condition. Polymerase-chain-reaction (PCR) and serologic testing at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) subsequently confirmed evidence of Leptospira santarosai infection. C1 [Wilson, Michael R.; DeRisi, Joseph L.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Biochem & Biophys, San Francisco, CA 94107 USA. [Wilson, Michael R.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Neurol, San Francisco, CA 94107 USA. [Naccache, Samia N.; Samayoa, Erik; Yu, Guixia; Somasekar, Sneha; Federman, Scot; Miller, Steve; Chiu, Charles Y.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Lab Med, San Francisco, CA 94107 USA. [Chiu, Charles Y.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, San Francisco, CA 94107 USA. [Naccache, Samia N.; Samayoa, Erik; Yu, Guixia; Somasekar, Sneha; Federman, Scot; Miller, Steve; Chiu, Charles Y.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Abbott Viral Diagnost & Discovery Ctr, San Francisco, CA 94107 USA. [Biagtan, Mark; Bashir, Hiba; Gern, James E.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Med, Div Allergy & Immunol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Salamat, Shahriar M.; Reed, Kurt D.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Meyer, Teresa L.; Seroogy, Christine M.; Henderson, Sheryl L.; Gern, James E.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Pediat, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Sokolic, Robert; Garabedian, Elizabeth; Candotti, Fabio] NCI, Expt Transplantat & Immunol Branch, Ctr Canc Res, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Buckley, Rebecca H.] Duke Univ, Dept Pediat, Div Allergy & Immunol, Durham, NC 27706 USA. [Buckley, Rebecca H.] Duke Univ, Dept Immunol, Div Allergy & Immunol, Durham, NC USA. [Galloway, Renee] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Chiu, CY (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Lab Med, 185 Berry St,Box 134, San Francisco, CA 94107 USA. EM charles.chiu@ucsf.edu OI Chiu, Charles/0000-0003-2915-2094 FU American Brain Foundation; National Human Genome Research Institute; Howard Hughes Medical Institute; National Institutes of Health [R01-HL105704]; University of California; Amazon Web Services in Education Research Grant; Abbott Viral Discovery Award FX Supported by the American Brain Foundation Clinical Research Training Fellowship (to Dr. Wilson), a National Human Genome Research Institute Intramural Research Program appointment (to Dr. Sokolic, Ms. Garabedian, and Dr. Candotti), a Howard Hughes Medical Institute appointment (to Dr. DeRisi), a grant from the National Institutes of Health (R01-HL105704, to Dr. Chiu), a University of California Discovery Grant (to Dr. Chiu), an Amazon Web Services in Education Research Grant (to Dr. Chiu), and an Abbott Viral Discovery Award (to Dr. Chiu). NR 38 TC 114 Z9 116 U1 6 U2 22 PU MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SOC PI WALTHAM PA WALTHAM WOODS CENTER, 860 WINTER ST,, WALTHAM, MA 02451-1413 USA SN 0028-4793 EI 1533-4406 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD JUN 19 PY 2014 VL 370 IS 25 BP 2408 EP 2417 DI 10.1056/NEJMoa1401268 PG 10 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA AJ0OA UT WOS:000337353000009 PM 24896819 ER PT J AU Yuen, CM Weyenga, HO Kim, AA Malika, T Muttai, H Katana, A Nganga, L Cain, KP De Cock, KM AF Yuen, Courtney M. Weyenga, Herman O. Kim, Andrea A. Malika, Timothy Muttai, Hellen Katana, Abraham Nganga, Lucy Cain, Kevin P. De Cock, Kevin M. TI Comparison of Trends in Tuberculosis Incidence among Adults Living with HIV and Adults without HIV - Kenya, 1998-2012 SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; SOUTH-AFRICA; RISK-FACTORS; OPPORTUNITIES; TRANSMISSION; EPIDEMIC; OUTCOMES; NAIROBI; CARE AB Background: In Kenya, the comparative incidences of tuberculosis among persons with and without HIV have not been described, and the differential impact of public health interventions on tuberculosis incidence in the two groups is unknown. Methods: We estimated annual tuberculosis incidence stratified by HIV status during 2006-2012 based on the numbers of reported tuberculosis patients with and without HIV infection, the prevalence of HIV infection in the general population, and the total population. We also made crude estimates of annual tuberculosis incidence stratified by HIV status during 1998-2012 by assuming a constant ratio of HIV prevalence among tuberculosis patients compared to the general population. Results: Tuberculosis incidence among both adults with HIV and adults without HIV increased during 1998-2004 then remained relatively stable until 2007. During 2007-2012, tuberculosis incidence declined by 28-44% among adults with HIV and by 11-26% among adults without HIV, concurrent with an increase in antiretroviral therapy uptake. In 2012, tuberculosis incidence among adults with HIV (1,839-1,936 cases/100,000 population) was still eight times as high as among adults without HIV (231-238 cases/100,000 population), and approximately one third of tuberculosis cases were attributable to HIV. Conclusions: Although tuberculosis incidence has declined among adults with and without HIV, the persistent high incidence of tuberculosis among those with HIV and the disparity between the two groups are concerning. Early diagnosis of HIV, early initiation of antiretroviral therapy, regular screening for tuberculosis, and isoniazid preventive therapy among persons with HIV, as well as tuberculosis control in the general population, are required to address these issues. C1 [Yuen, Courtney M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Div TB Eliminat, Atlanta, GA USA. [Weyenga, Herman O.] Minist Hlth, Div Leprosy TB & Lung Dis, Nairobi, Kenya. [Kim, Andrea A.; Malika, Timothy; Muttai, Hellen; Katana, Abraham; Nganga, Lucy; Cain, Kevin P.; De Cock, Kevin M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent Kenya, Nairobi, Kenya. RP Cain, KP (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent Kenya, Nairobi, Kenya. EM kcain@cdc.gov NR 29 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 3 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JUN 17 PY 2014 VL 9 IS 6 AR e99880 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0099880 PG 7 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA AK5YM UT WOS:000338503400049 PM 24937804 ER PT J AU Mahon, BE Newton, AE Mintz, ED AF Mahon, Barbara E. Newton, Anna E. Mintz, Eric D. TI Effectiveness of typhoid vaccination in US travelers SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Typhoid vaccination; Vaccination effectiveness; United States; Travelers ID UNITED-STATES; FEVER AB Typhoid vaccination is recommended in the United States before travel to countries where typhoid fever is endemic, though little information is available on its effectiveness in travelers. We estimated typhoid vaccination effectiveness (VE) by comparing vaccination status in cases of typhoid fever and paratyphoid fever (Salmonella Paratyphi A infection, against which typhoid vaccine offers no protection) reported in the United States. We included travelers to Southern Asia and excluded persons <2 years old and cases in which vaccination status was not reported. From 2008 through 2011, 744 eligible cases (602 typhoid, 142 paratyphoid A) were reported to CDC. Typhoid vaccination was reported for 5% (29/602) of typhoid patients and for 20% (29/142) of paratyphoid A patients. Estimated VE was 80% (95% confidence interval, 66-89%). Because of missing data, we could not estimate VE for specific vaccines. We demonstrated moderate effectiveness of typhoid vaccination in US travelers, supporting vaccination recommendations. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Mahon, Barbara E.; Newton, Anna E.] Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Enter Dis Epidemiol Branch, Atlanta, GA 30030 USA. [Mintz, Eric D.] Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Waterborne Dis Prevent Branch, Atlanta, GA 30030 USA. RP Mahon, BE (reprint author), Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Enter Dis Epidemiol Branch, Mailstop C-09,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30030 USA. EM bmahon@cdc.gov; aenewton@cdc.gov; emintz@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 17 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X EI 1873-2518 J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD JUN 17 PY 2014 VL 32 IS 29 BP 3577 EP 3579 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2014.04.055 PG 3 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA AK7OF UT WOS:000338616900003 PM 24837780 ER PT J AU Zimmerman, RK Nowalk, MP Lin, CJ Hannibal, K Moehling, KK Huang, HH Matambanadzo, A Troy, J Allred, NJ Gallik, G Reis, EC AF Zimmerman, Richard K. Nowalk, Mary Patricia Lin, Chyongchiou Jeng Hannibal, Kristin Moehling, Krissy K. Huang, Hsin-Hui Matambanadzo, Annamore Troy, Judith Allred, Norma J. Gallik, Greg Reis, Evelyn C. TI Cluster randomized trial of a toolkit and early vaccine delivery to improve childhood influenza vaccination rates in primary care SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Influenza vaccine; Immunization; Children; Childhood influenza vaccination ID INNER-CITY CHILDREN; YOUNG-CHILDREN; IMMUNIZATION; INTERVENTION; SYSTEM; ASTHMA; RECOMMENDATIONS; IMPACT; RECALL AB Purpose: To increase childhood influenza vaccination rates using a toolkit and early vaccine delivery in a randomized cluster trial. Methods: Twenty primary care practices treating children (range for n=536-8183) were randomly assigned to Intervention and Control arms to test the effectiveness of an evidence-based practice improvement toolkit (4 Pillars Toolkit) and early vaccine supplies for use among disadvantaged children on influenza vaccination rates among children 6 months-18 years. Follow-up staff meetings and surveys were used to assess use and acceptability of the intervention strategies in the Intervention arm. Rates for the 2010-2011 and 2011-2012 influenza seasons were compared. Two-level generalized linear mixed modeling was used to evaluate outcomes. Results: Overall increases in influenza vaccination rates were significantly greater in the Intervention arm (7.9 percentage points) compared with the Control arm (4.4 percentage points; P<0.034). These rate changes represent 4522 additional doses in the Intervention arm vs. 1390 additional doses in the Control arm. This effect of the intervention was observed despite the fact that rates increased significantly in both arms - 8/10 Intervention (all P<0.001) and 7/10 Control sites (P-values = 0.04 to <0.001). Rates in two Intervention sites with pre-intervention vaccination rates >58% did not significantly increase. In regression analyses, a child's likelihood of being vaccinated was significantly higher with: younger age, white race (Odds ratio [OR] = 1.29; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.23-1.34), having commercial insurance (OR = 1.30; 95%CI = 1.25-1.35), higher pre-intervention practice vaccination rate (OR = 1.25; 95%CI = 1.16-1.34), and being in the Intervention arm (OR = 1.23; 95%CI = 1.01-1.50). Early delivery of influenza vaccine was rated by Intervention practices as an effective strategy for raising rates. Conclusions: Implementation of a multi-strategy toolkit and early vaccine supplies can significantly improve influenza vaccination rates among children in primary care practices but the effect may be less pronounced in practices with moderate to high existing vaccination rates. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Zimmerman, Richard K.; Nowalk, Mary Patricia; Lin, Chyongchiou Jeng; Moehling, Krissy K.; Huang, Hsin-Hui; Matambanadzo, Annamore; Troy, Judith] Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Dept Family Med, Pittsburgh, PA USA. [Hannibal, Kristin; Reis, Evelyn C.] Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. [Allred, Norma J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Gallik, Greg] Shadyside Family Hlth Ctr, Pittsburgh, PA USA. RP Nowalk, MP (reprint author), Dept Family Med, 3518 5th Ave, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. EM tnowalk@pitt.edu OI Zimmerman, Richard/0000-0001-5941-6092 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [U01 IP000321]; National Institutes of Health [UL1RR024153, UL1TR000005] FX This investigation was supported by a grant (U01 IP000321) from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The views expressed herein are those of those authors and not those of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The project described was also supported by the National Institutes of Health through Grant Numbers UL1RR024153 and UL1TR000005. NR 37 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X EI 1873-2518 J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD JUN 17 PY 2014 VL 32 IS 29 BP 3656 EP 3663 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2014.04.057 PG 8 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA AK7OF UT WOS:000338616900015 PM 24793941 ER PT J AU Brown, LJ Rosatte, RC Fehlner-Gardiner, C Ellison, JA Jackson, FR Bachmann, P Taylor, JS Franka, R Donovan, D AF Brown, L. J. Rosatte, R. C. Fehlner-Gardiner, C. Ellison, J. A. Jackson, F. R. Bachmann, P. Taylor, J. S. Franka, R. Donovan, D. TI Oral vaccination and protection of striped skunks (Mephitis mephitis) against rabies using ONRAB (R) SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Human adenovirus serotype 5; Immune response; Mephitis mephitis; ONRAB (R); Oral rabies vaccination; Rabies control; Rabies virus challenge; Striped skunk ID HUMAN ADENOVIRUS VACCINE; FOXES VULPES-VULPES; UNITED-STATES; RECOMBINANT VACCINE; TERRESTRIAL RABIES; IMMUNE-RESPONSE; RACCOONS; BAITS; GLYCOPROTEIN; CANADA AB Skunks are one of the most important rabies vector species in North America due to their wide geographic distribution, high susceptibility to the rabies virus, and tendency to inhabit areas around human dwellings and domestic animals. Oral vaccination is a cost-effective, socially acceptable technique often used to control rabies in terrestrial wildlife; however, control of rabies in skunks has proven especially challenging due to the lack of a vaccine effective by the oral route in this species. In this study, we examined the antibody response of captive striped skunks (Mephitis mephitis) to ONRAB (R) and tested the protection afforded by the vaccine against rabies virus. Thirty-one skunks were each offered one ONRAB (R) vaccine bait, 25 skunks were administered ONRAB (R) via direct instillation into the oral cavity (DIOC) and ten controls received no vaccine. A blood sample was collected from controls and vaccinates 6 weeks prior to treatment, and then 5 and 7 weeks post-vaccination (PV). A competitive ELISA was used to detect rabies antibody (RAb). Pre-vaccination sera for all skunks, and sera for all controls throughout the serology study, were negative for RAb. Fifty-eight percent (18/31) of skunks in the bait group and 100% (25/25) of skunks that received ONRAB (R) DIOC had detectable RAb by 7 week PV. All 10 controls succumbed to experimental rabies infection. In the group of skunks administered ONRAB (R) DIOC, 100% (23/23) survived challenge 247 days PV. Survival of skunks presented ONRAB (R) baits was 81% (25/31). In the bait group, all 18 skunks that had detectable RAb by 7 week PV survived challenge. Seven additional skunks without detectable RAb prior to week 7 PV also survived. Lack of any remarkable pathology in study animals, together with positive serology and challenge results, supports that ONRAB (R) is a safe and effective oral rabies vaccine for use in skunks. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Brown, L. J.; Rosatte, R. C.; Bachmann, P.; Taylor, J. S.; Donovan, D.] Trent Univ, Ontario Minist Nat Resources, Wildlife Res & Monitoring Sect, Peterborough, ON K9J 7B8, Canada. [Fehlner-Gardiner, C.] Canadian Food Inspect Agcy, Ctr Expertise Rabies, Ottawa, ON K2H 8P9, Canada. [Ellison, J. A.; Jackson, F. R.; Franka, R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Brown, LJ (reprint author), Trent Univ, Ontario Minist Nat Resources, Wildlife Res & Monitoring Sect, DNA Bldg,2140 East Bank Dr, Peterborough, ON K9J 7B8, Canada. EM lucy.brown@ontario.ca FU Ontario Rabies Advisory Committee FX We would like to thank staff of the Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources and Canadian Food Inspection Agency for animal care, and field and technical assistance: Erin Scharf, Valerie Von Zuben, Graham Branscombe, Beverly Stevenson, Mark Gibson, Larissa Nituch, and Andrea Clark. We would also like to acknowledge the contributions of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Rabies team as well as staff responsible for animal care and all aspects of the challenge portion of this study (Lawrenceville, GA, USA). Andrew Beresford and Alex Beath at Artemis Technologies Inc. prepared the vaccine baits used in this study. This project was supported by the Ontario Rabies Advisory Committee (Jim Broadfoot, Chair). NR 48 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 26 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X EI 1873-2518 J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD JUN 17 PY 2014 VL 32 IS 29 BP 3675 EP 3679 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2014.04.029 PG 5 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA AK7OF UT WOS:000338616900018 PM 24814554 ER PT J AU Diaz-Ortega, JL Bennett, JV Castaneda-Desales, D Quintanilla, DMA Martinez, D de Castro, JF AF Diaz-Ortega, Jose-Luis Bennett, John V. Castaneda-Desales, Deyanira Arellano Quintanilla, Doris-Ma. Martinez, David Fernandez de Castro, Jorge TI Booster immune response in children 6-7 years of age, randomly assigned to four groups with two MMR vaccines applied by aerosol or by injection SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Aerosolized MMR vaccines; Strains Edmonston-Zagreb Attenuvax; Strains Leningrad-Zagreb Jeryl Lynn; Strain RA 27/3 ID 9-MONTH-OLD MEXICAN CHILDREN; MEASLES-VACCINE; SUCCESSFUL IMMUNIZATION; MATERNAL ANTIBODY; DIPLOID-CELL; IMMUNOGENICITY; ROUTES; SCHOOLCHILDREN; STRAINS; MUCOSAL AB Importance: Aerosol immunization may be a useful tool to reach and sustain the elimination of measles, rubella, and congenital rubella syndrome. We compared booster seroresponses to aerosolized or injected MMR vaccines containing different strains of measles (Attenuvax or Edmonston-Zagreb) and mumps (Jeryl-Lynn or Leningrad-Zagreb). Objective: To assess the safety and immunogenicity of two MMR: Vaccines administered by aerosol. Methods: A randomized and controlled clinical trial was conducted to evaluate the safety and booster responses to the MMR SII (Serum Institute of India) and MMR II (Merck Sharp & Dhome) vaccines, both of which were administered by aerosol (ae) or injection (inj) to Mexican children aged 6-7 years in elementary schools. The seroresponses were evaluated by PRN (measles) and ELISA (rubella and mumps). Adverse events were followed-up for 28 days after the immunization. Results: Two hundred and fifty-three of 260 children completed the one-month follow-up. All participants reached protective seropositivity for measles and rubella after immunization, and 98.3 to 100% reached protective seropositivity for mumps (p = 0.552). The proportions of the seroresponses (a 2-fold rise from the baseline antibody titers) to measles were 38.3% for MMRSII (ae), 31.3% for MMR II (ae), 37.5% for MMR SII (inj), and 44.6% for MMR 11(m) (p = 0.483). The seroresponses for rubella were 26.7% for MMR SII (ae), 31.3% for MMR II (ae), 46.9% for MMR SII (inj), and 40.0% for MMR II (inj) (p = 0.086). The seroresponse to mumps were 31.7% for MMR SII (ae), 25.0% for MMR II (ae), 48.4% for MMR SII (inj), and 53.9% for MMR II (inj) (p = 0.002). The difference in the seroresponse of a 4-fold rise from the baseline antibody titers was not statistically significant. Only mild adverse events were noted. Conclusion: Aerosolized vaccines were as safe and as immunogenic as injected vaccines. Protocol registration: CMN 2010-005 (National Regulatory Authority). (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Diaz-Ortega, Jose-Luis; Castaneda-Desales, Deyanira; Arellano Quintanilla, Doris-Ma.; Fernandez de Castro, Jorge] Inst Nacl Salud Publ, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico. [Bennett, John V.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Martinez, David] Inst Nacl Enfermedades Resp, Ciudad De Mexico, Mexico. RP Diaz-Ortega, JL (reprint author), Inst Nacl Salud Publ, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico. EM jdiaz@insp.mx OI Diaz-Ortega, Jose-Luis/0000-0003-1047-3808 FU Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia (Mexico) [Salud-2007-CO1-71241]; INSP FX This study was partially funded by the Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnologia (Mexico) (grant Salud-2007-CO1-71241). Authorities of the INSP contributed to the funding. NR 28 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X EI 1873-2518 J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD JUN 17 PY 2014 VL 32 IS 29 BP 3680 EP 3686 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2014.04.031 PG 7 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA AK7OF UT WOS:000338616900019 PM 24837512 ER PT J AU Turner, N Pierse, N Bissielo, A Huang, QS Baker, MG Widdowson, MA Kelly, H AF Turner, Nikki Pierse, Nevil Bissielo, Ange Huang, Q. Sue Baker, Michael G. Widdowson, Marc-Alain Kelly, Heath CA SHIVERS Investigation Team TI The effectiveness of seasonal trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine in preventing laboratory confirmed influenza hospitalisations in Auckland, New Zealand in 2012 SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Influenza vaccine; Vaccination; Immunisation; Vaccine effectiveness ID YOUNG-CHILDREN; ADULTS; METAANALYSIS; ILLNESS; DESIGN; BURDEN; VIRUS; OLDER; AGE AB Background: Few studies report the effectiveness of trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine (TIV) in preventing hospitalisation for influenza-confirmed respiratory infections. Using a prospective surveillance platform, this study reports the first such estimate from a well-defined ethnically diverse population in New Zealand (NZ). Methods: A case test-negative design was used to estimate propensity adjusted vaccine effectiveness. Patients with a severe acute respiratory infection (SARI), defined as a patient of any age requiring hospitalisation with a history of a fever or a measured temperature >= 38 degrees C and cough and onset within the past 7 days, admitted to public hospitals in South and Central Auckland were eligible for inclusion in the study. Cases were SARI patients who tested positive for influenza, while non-cases (controls) were SARI patients who tested negative. Results were adjusted for the propensity to be vaccinated and the timing of the influenza season. Results: The propensity and season adjusted vaccine effectiveness (VE) was estimated as 39% (95% Cl 16;56). The VE point estimate against influenza A (H1N1) was lower than for influenza B or influenza A (H3N2) but confidence intervals were wide and overlapping. Estimated VE was 59% (95% CI 26;77) in patients aged 45-64 years but only 8% (-78;53) in those aged 65 years and above. Conclusion: Prospective surveillance for SARI has been successfully established in NZ. This study for the first year, the 2012 influenza season, has shown low to moderate protection by TIV against influenza positive hospitalisation. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Turner, Nikki] Univ Auckland, Auckland 1, New Zealand. [Pierse, Nevil; Baker, Michael G.] Univ Otago, Wellington, New Zealand. [Bissielo, Ange; Huang, Q. Sue] Inst Environm Sci & Res, Wellington, New Zealand. [Widdowson, Marc-Alain] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Kelly, Heath] Australian Natl Univ, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia. [Kelly, Heath] Victorian Infect Dis Reference Lab, North Melbourne, Vic 3051, Australia. RP Turner, N (reprint author), Univ Auckland, Private Bag 92019, Auckland 1, New Zealand. EM n.turner@auckland.ac.nz; nevil.pierse@otago.ac.nz; Ange.Bissielo@esr.cri.nz; Sue.Huang@esr.cri.nz; michael.baker@otago.ac.nz; zux5@cdc.gov; Heath.Kelly@mh.org.au OI Grant, Cameron/0000-0002-4032-7230; Thomas, Paul G./0000-0001-7955-0256 FU U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) [1U01IP000480-01] FX The SHIVERS (Southern Hemisphere Influenza and Vaccine Effectiveness Research and Surveillance) project is funded by U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (1U01IP000480-01). The SARI surveillance is a key component of the SHIVERS project. The project is a five year research cooperative agreement between Institute of Environmental Science and Research and US CDC's National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases (NCIRD) Influenza Division. The SHIVERS project is a multi-centre and multi-disciplinary collaboration. Special thanks go to these collaborating organisations for their commitment and supports: ESR, Auckland District Health Board, Counties Manukau District Health Board, University of Otago, University of Auckland, the US Centres for Disease Control and Prevention and WHO Collaborating Centre at St Jude Children's Hospital in Memphis, USA. NR 31 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X EI 1873-2518 J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD JUN 17 PY 2014 VL 32 IS 29 BP 3687 EP 3693 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2014.04.013 PG 7 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA AK7OF UT WOS:000338616900020 PM 24768730 ER PT J AU Ferguson, KK Cantonwine, DE Rivera-Gonzalez, LO Loch-Caruso, R Mukherjee, B Del Toro, LVA Jimenez-Velez, B Calafat, AM Ye, XY Alshawabkeh, AN Cordero, JF Meeker, JD AF Ferguson, Kelly K. Cantonwine, David E. Rivera-Gonzalez, Luis O. Loch-Caruso, Rita Mukherjee, Bhramar Del Toro, Liza V. Anzalota Jimenez-Velez, Braulio Calafat, Antonia M. Ye, Xiaoyun Alshawabkeh, Akram N. Cordero, Jose F. Meeker, John D. TI Urinary Phthalate Metabolite Associations with Biomarkers of Inflammation and Oxidative Stress Across Pregnancy in Puerto Rico SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HUMAN EXPOSURE; PRETERM BIRTH; PPAR-ALPHA; CELLS; VARIABILITY; PREDICTORS; ACTIVATION; RESPONSES; HUMANS; WOMEN AB Phthalate exposure during pregnancy has been linked to adverse birth outcomes such as preterm birth, and inflammation and oxidative stress may mediate these relationships. In a prospective cohort study of pregnant women recruited early in gestation in Northern Puerto Rico, we investigated the associations between urinary phthalate metabolites and biomarkers of inflammation, including C-reactive protein, IL-1 beta, IL-6, IL-10, and TNF-alpha, and oxidative stress, including 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (OHdG) and 8-isoprostane. Inflammation biomarkers were measured in plasma twice during pregnancy (N = 215 measurements, N = 120 subjects), and oxidative stress biomarkers in urine were measured three times (N = 148 measurements, N = 54 subjects) per woman. In adjusted linear mixed models, metabolites of di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (DEHP) were associated with increased IL-6 and IL-10 but relationships were generally not statistically significant. All phthalates were associated with increases in oxidative stress markers. Relationships with OHdG were significant for DEHP metabolites as well as mono-n-butyl phthalate (MBP) and monoiso-butyl phthalate (MiBP). For 8-isoprostane, associations with nearly all phthalates were statistically significant and the largest effect estimates were observed for MBP and MiBP (49-50% increase in 8-isoprostane with an interquartile range increase in metabolite concentration). These relationships suggest a possible mechanism for phthalate action that may be relevant to a number of adverse health outcomes. C1 [Ferguson, Kelly K.; Rivera-Gonzalez, Luis O.; Loch-Caruso, Rita; Meeker, John D.] Univ Michigan, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Cantonwine, David E.] Brigham & Womens Hosp, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Mukherjee, Bhramar] Univ Michigan, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Biostat, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Del Toro, Liza V. Anzalota; Jimenez-Velez, Braulio; Cordero, Jose F.] Univ Puerto Rico, Grad Sch Publ Hlth, San Juan, PR 00936 USA. [Jimenez-Velez, Braulio] Univ Puerto Rico, Sch Med, San Juan, PR 00936 USA. [Calafat, Antonia M.; Ye, Xiaoyun] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Alshawabkeh, Akram N.] Northeastern Univ, Coll Engn, Boston, MA 02115 USA. RP Meeker, JD (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. EM meekerj@umich.edu OI Meeker, John/0000-0001-8357-5085; Loch-Caruso, Rita/0000-0002-5993-2799; Ferguson, Kelly/0000-0001-8467-3250 FU National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health [P42ES017198, R01ES018872, P30ES017885] FX We thank Manori Silva, Ella Samandar, Jim Preau, and Tao Jia of the CDC for measuring the urinary phthalate metabolites; Joel Whitfield of the Cancer Center Immunology Core, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, for his analysis of biomarkers of inflammation; and Elizabeth Hurst and colleagues of Cayman Chemical in Ann Arbor, Michigan, for oxidative stress biomarker analysis. This work was supported by the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health (Grants P42ES017198, R01ES018872, and P30ES017885). The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 40 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 22 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X EI 1520-5851 J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD JUN 17 PY 2014 VL 48 IS 12 BP 7018 EP 7025 DI 10.1021/es502076j PG 8 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA AJ4KU UT WOS:000337646000060 PM 24845688 ER PT J AU Davis, JL Kawamura, LM Chaisson, LH Grinsdale, J Benhammou, J Ho, C Babst, A Banouvong, H Metcalfe, JZ Pandori, M Hopewell, PC Cattamanchi, A AF Davis, J. Lucian Kawamura, L. Masae Chaisson, Lelia H. Grinsdale, Jennifer Benhammou, Jihane Ho, Christine Babst, Anna Banouvong, Houmpheng Metcalfe, John Z. Pandori, Mark Hopewell, Philip C. Cattamanchi, Adithya TI Impact of GeneXpert MTB/RIF on Patients and Tuberculosis Programs in a Low-Burden Setting A Hypothetical Trial SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE tuberculosis; diagnosis; health care quality assurance; operations research; public health ID ACID AMPLIFICATION TESTS; NEGATIVE PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS; MYCOBACTERIUM-TUBERCULOSIS; COST-EFFECTIVENESS; UNITED-STATES; LABORATORY DIAGNOSIS; RANDOMIZED-TRIALS; CLINICAL IMPACT; ACCURACY; RESISTANCE AB Rationale: Guidelines recommend routine nucleic-acid amplification testing in patients with presumed tuberculosis (TB), but these tests have not been widely adopted. GeneXpert MTB/RIF (Xpert), a novel, semiautomated TB nucleic-acid amplification test, has renewed interest in this technology, but data from low-burden countries are limited. Objectives: We sought to estimate Xpert's potential clinical and public health impact on empiric treatment, contact investigation, and housing in patients undergoing TB evaluation. Methods: We performed a prospective, cross-sectional study with 2-month follow-up comparing Xpert with standard strategies for evaluating outpatients for active pulmonary TB at the San Francisco Department of Public Health TB Clinic between May 2010 and June 2011. We calculated the diagnostic accuracy of standard algorithms for initial empiric TB treatment, contact investigation, and housing in reference to three Mycobacterium tuberculosis sputum cultures, as compared with that of a single sputum Xpert test. We estimated the incremental diagnostic value of Xpert, and the hypothetical reductions in unnecessary treatment, contact investigation, and housing if Xpert were adopted to guide management decisions. Measurements and Main Results: A total of 156 patients underwent Xpert testing. Fifty-nine (38%) received empiric TB treatment. Thirteen (8%) had culture-positive TB. Xpert-guided management would have hypothetically decreased overtreatment by 94%, eliminating a median of 44 overtreatment days (interquartile range, 43-47) per patient and 2,169 total overtreatment days (95% confidence interval, 1,938-2,400) annually, without reducing early detection of TB patients. We projected similar benefits for contact investigation and housing. Conclusions: Xpert could greatly reduce the frequency and impact of unnecessary empiric treatment, contact investigation, and housing, providing substantial patient and programmatic benefits if used in management decisions. C1 [Davis, J. Lucian; Chaisson, Lelia H.; Metcalfe, John Z.; Hopewell, Philip C.; Cattamanchi, Adithya] Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco Gen Hosp, Dept Med, Div Pulm & Crit Care Med, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Davis, J. Lucian; Metcalfe, John Z.; Hopewell, Philip C.; Cattamanchi, Adithya] Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco Gen Hosp, Curry Int TB Ctr, Dept Med, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Kawamura, L. Masae; Grinsdale, Jennifer; Banouvong, Houmpheng] San Francisco Dept Publ Hlth, TB Sect, San Francisco, CA USA. [Babst, Anna; Pandori, Mark] San Francisco Dept Publ Hlth, Publ Hlth Lab, San Francisco, CA USA. [Benhammou, Jihane] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. [Ho, Christine] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Davis, JL (reprint author), San Francisco Gen Hosp, Room 5K1,1001 Potrero Ave, San Francisco, CA 94110 USA. EM lucian.davis@ucsf.edu FU American Lung Association [CG-197164]; UCSF Center for AIDS Research; National Institutes of Health [K23 AI080147, K23 HL094141, K23 AI094251, R01 AI076476, U01 AI088679]; National Center for Research Resources [KL2 RR024130] FX Supported by American Lung Association grant CG-197164 (J.L.D.); the UCSF Center for AIDS Research (J.L.D.); National Institutes of Health grants (K23 AI080147 (J.L.D.), K23 HL094141 (A.C.), K23 AI094251 (J.Z.M.), and R01 AI076476 and U01 AI088679 (P.C.H.); and National Center for Research Resources grant KL2 RR024130 (UCSF Clinical and Translational Sciences Institute). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the U.S. CDC. NR 52 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 8 PU AMER THORACIC SOC PI NEW YORK PA 25 BROADWAY, 18 FL, NEW YORK, NY 10004 USA SN 1073-449X EI 1535-4970 J9 AM J RESP CRIT CARE JI Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. PD JUN 15 PY 2014 VL 189 IS 12 BP 1551 EP 1559 DI 10.1164/rccm.201311-1974OC PG 9 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA AK3KI UT WOS:000338322000020 PM 24869625 ER PT J AU Curley, KC Greenspan, A Hicks, RA Hoffman, SW Miller, AC AF Curley, K. C. Greenspan, A. Hicks, R. A. Hoffman, S. W. Miller, A. C. TI FEDERAL COORDINATION FOR TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY RESEARCH: THE NATIONAL RESEARCH ACTION PLAN SO JOURNAL OF NEUROTRAUMA LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 32nd Annual National Neurotrauma Symposium CY JUN 29-JUL 02, 2014 CL San Francisco, CA DE federal funding agencies; research coordination; strategic planning C1 [Curley, K. C.] US Army MRMC, Ft Detrick, MD USA. [Greenspan, A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Hicks, R. A.] NINDS, NIH, Rockville, MD USA. [Hoffman, S. W.] Dept Vet Affairs, Washington, DC USA. [Miller, A. C.] US DOE, Washington, DC 20585 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 0897-7151 EI 1557-9042 J9 J NEUROTRAUM JI J. Neurotrauma PD JUN 15 PY 2014 VL 31 IS 12 MA B1-22 BP A51 EP A52 PG 2 WC Critical Care Medicine; Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC General & Internal Medicine; Neurosciences & Neurology GA AK5DC UT WOS:000338443600138 ER PT J AU Solomon, SL Oliver, KB AF Solomon, Steven L. Oliver, Kristen B. TI Antibiotic Resistance Threats in the United States: Stepping Back from the Brink SO AMERICAN FAMILY PHYSICIAN LA English DT Editorial Material ID RESPIRATORY-TRACT INFECTIONS; ANTIMICROBIAL STEWARDSHIP; PRINCIPLES; ADULTS; CARE C1 [Solomon, Steven L.; Oliver, Kristen B.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Solomon, SL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM ssolomon@cdc.gov NR 12 TC 13 Z9 15 U1 4 U2 8 PU AMER ACAD FAMILY PHYSICIANS PI KANSAS CITY PA 8880 WARD PARKWAY, KANSAS CITY, MO 64114-2797 USA SN 0002-838X EI 1532-0650 J9 AM FAM PHYSICIAN JI Am. Fam. Physician PD JUN 15 PY 2014 VL 89 IS 12 BP 938 EP + PG 3 WC Primary Health Care; Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA AJ3HK UT WOS:000337556900001 PM 25162160 ER PT J AU Payne, DC Iblan, I Alqasrawi, S Al Nsour, M Rha, B Tohme, RA Abedi, GR Farag, NH Haddadin, A Al Sanhouri, T Jarour, N Swerdlow, DL Jamieson, DJ Pallansch, MA Haynes, LM Gerber, SI Al Abdallat, MM AF Payne, Daniel C. Iblan, Ibrahim Alqasrawi, Sultan Al Nsour, Mohannad Rha, Brian Tohme, Rania A. Abedi, Glen R. Farag, Noha H. Haddadin, Aktham Al Sanhouri, Tarek Jarour, Najwa Swerdlow, David L. Jamieson, Denise J. Pallansch, Mark A. Haynes, Lia M. Gerber, Susan I. Al Abdallat, Mohammad Mousa CA Jordan MERS-CoV Invest Team TI Stillbirth During Infection With Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE MERS-CoV; Middle East respiratory syndrome; novel coronavirus; EMC-CoV; Jordan; stillbirth; pregnancy; pneumonia; severe acute respiratory illness; birth outcomes ID PREGNANCY; OUTCOMES AB We conducted an epidemiologic investigation among survivors of an outbreak of Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) infection in Jordan. A second-trimester stillbirth occurred during the course of an acute respiratory illness that was attributed to MERS-CoV on the basis of exposure history and positive results of MERS-CoV serologic testing. This is the first occurrence of stillbirth during an infection with MERS-CoV and may have bearing upon the surveillance and management of pregnant women in settings of unexplained respiratory illness potentially due to MERS-CoV. Future prospective investigations of MERS-CoV should ascertain pregnancy status and obtain further pregnancy-related data, including biological specimens for confirmatory testing. C1 [Payne, Daniel C.; Rha, Brian; Abedi, Glen R.; Swerdlow, David L.; Pallansch, Mark A.; Haynes, Lia M.; Gerber, Susan I.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Rha, Brian] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Tohme, Rania A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global Immunizat Div, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Farag, Noha H.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Jamieson, Denise J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Iblan, Ibrahim] Jordan Minist Hlth, Jordan Field Epidemiol Training Program, Amman, Jordan. [Alqasrawi, Sultan; Jarour, Najwa; Al Abdallat, Mohammad Mousa] Jordan Minist Hlth, Communicable Dis Directorate, Amman, Jordan. [Haddadin, Aktham; Al Sanhouri, Tarek] Jordan Minist Hlth, Directorate Labs, Amman, Jordan. [Al Nsour, Mohannad] Eastern Mediterranean Publ Hlth Network, Amman, Jordan. RP Payne, DC (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop A-34, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM dvp6@cdc.gov FU US Global Disease Detection Operations Center Outbreak Response Contingency Fund FX This work was supported by the US Global Disease Detection Operations Center Outbreak Response Contingency Fund. NR 14 TC 18 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 3 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-1899 EI 1537-6613 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD JUN 15 PY 2014 VL 209 IS 12 BP 1870 EP 1872 DI 10.1093/infdis/jiu068 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA AI7JB UT WOS:000337063100003 PM 24474813 ER PT J AU Wei, X Hunt, G Karim, SSA Naranbhai, V Sibeko, S Karim, QA Li, JF Kashuba, ADM Werner, L Passmore, JAS Morris, L Heneine, W Johnson, JA AF Wei, Xierong Hunt, Gillian Karim, Salim S. Abdool Naranbhai, Vivek Sibeko, Sengeziwe Karim, Quarraisha Abdool Li, Jin-fen Kashuba, Angela D. M. Werner, Lise Passmore, Jo-Ann S. Morris, Lynn Heneine, Walid Johnson, Jeffrey A. TI Sensitive Tenofovir Resistance Screening of HIV-1 From the Genital and Blood Compartments of Women With Breakthrough Infections in the CAPRISA 004 Tenofovir Gel Trial SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Vaginal microbicide; HIV prevention; preexposure prophylaxis; tenofovir gel; topical PrEP ID PROPHYLAXIS AB The Centre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa 004 (CAPRISA 004) study demonstrated that vaginally applied tenofovir gel is a promising intervention for protecting women from sexually acquiring human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). However, the potential for emergence of tenofovir resistance remains a concern in women who seroconvert while using the gel despite the lack of plasma virus resistance as assessed by population sequencing during the trial. We applied highly sensitive polymerase chain reaction-based assays to screen for tenofovir resistance in plasma and vaginal swab specimens. The absence of mutation detection suggested little immediate risk of tenofovir-resistant HIV-1 emergence and forward transmission in settings in which gel users are closely monitored for HIV seroconversion. C1 [Wei, Xierong; Li, Jin-fen; Heneine, Walid; Johnson, Jeffrey A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Karim, Salim S. Abdool; Karim, Quarraisha Abdool] Columbia Univ, Dept Epidemiol, New York, NY USA. [Kashuba, Angela D. M.] Univ N Carolina, Eshelman Sch Pharm, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Hunt, Gillian; Morris, Lynn] Natl Inst Communicable Dis, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Passmore, Jo-Ann S.] Natl Hlth Lab Serv, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Karim, Salim S. Abdool; Naranbhai, Vivek; Sibeko, Sengeziwe; Karim, Quarraisha Abdool; Werner, Lise; Passmore, Jo-Ann S.] Univ KwaZulu Natal, CAPRISA Ctr AIDS Programme Res South Africa, Durban, South Africa. RP Johnson, JA (reprint author), 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS G45, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM jjohnson1@cdc.gov OI Naranbhai, Vivek/0000-0003-4281-8882; Abdool Karim, Salim/0000-0002-4986-2133 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; USAID [GPO-A-00-05-00022-00, 132119]; Technology Innovation Agency (LIFElab) of the South African government's Department of Science and Technology; CONRAD, Eastern Virginia Medical School (USAID) [GP00-08-00005-00, PPA-09-046]; National Institutes of Health [P30 AI50410] FX This work was supported by Centers for Disease Control and Prevention intramural funding. The parent trial (CAPRISA 004) was supported by USAID, FHI360 (USAID cooperative agreement GPO-A-00-05-00022-00, contract 132119), and the Technology Innovation Agency (LIFElab) of the South African government's Department of Science and Technology. Tenofovir was provided by Gilead Sciences, and the gel was manufactured and supplied for the CAPRISA 004 trial by CONRAD. The current studies are part of the CAPRISA TRAPS (Tenofovir Gel Research for AIDS Prevention Science) Program, which is funded by CONRAD, Eastern Virginia Medical School (USAID cooperative grant GP00-08-00005-00, subproject agreement PPA-09-046). The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Center for AIDS Research is funded by the National Institutes of Health (grant P30 AI50410). NR 10 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 5 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-1899 EI 1537-6613 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD JUN 15 PY 2014 VL 209 IS 12 BP 1916 EP 1920 DI 10.1093/infdis/jiu026 PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA AI7JB UT WOS:000337063100009 PM 24436453 ER PT J AU Kann, L Kinchen, S Shanklin, SL Flint, KH Hawkins, J Harris, WA Lowry, R Olsen, EO McManus, T Chyen, D Whittle, L Taylor, E Demissie, Z Brener, N Thornton, J Moore, J Zaza, S AF Kann, Laura Kinchen, Steve Shanklin, Shari L. Flint, Katherine H. Hawkins, Joseph Harris, William A. Lowry, Richard Olsen, Emily O'Malley McManus, Tim Chyen, David Whittle, Lisa Taylor, Eboni Demissie, Zewditu Brener, Nancy Thornton, Jemekia Moore, John Zaza, Stephanie TI Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance - United States, 2013 SO MMWR SURVEILLANCE SUMMARIES LA English DT Article ID RELIABILITY AB Problem: Priority health-risk behaviors contribute to the leading causes of morbidity and mortality among youth and adults. Population-based data on these behaviors at the national, state, and local levels can help monitor the effectiveness of public health interventions designed to protect and promote the health of youth nationwide. Reporting Period Covered: September 2012 December 2013. Description of the System: The Youth Risk Behavior Surveillance System (YRBSS) monitors six categories of priority health-risk behaviors among youth and young adults: 1) behaviors that contribute to unintentional injuries and violence; 2) tobacco use; 3) alcohol and other drug use; 4) sexual behaviors that contribute to unintended pregnancy and sexually transmitted infections (STIs), including human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection; 5) unhealthy dietary behaviors; and 6) physical inactivity. In addition, YRBSS monitors the prevalence of obesity and asthma. YRBSS includes a national school-based Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS) conducted by CDC and state and large urban school district school-based YRBSs conducted by state and local education and health agencies. This report summarizes results for 104 health-risk behaviors plus obesity, overweight, and asthma from the 2013 national survey, 42 state surveys, and 21 large urban school district surveys conducted among students in grades 9-12. Results: Results from the 2013 national YRBS indicated that many high school students are engaged in priority health-risk behaviors associated with the leading causes of death among persons aged 10-24 years in the United States. During the 30 days before the survey, 41.4% of high school students nationwide among the 64.7% who drove a car or other vehicle during the 30 days before the survey had texted or e-mailed while driving, 34.9% had drunk alcohol, and 23.4% had used marijuana. During the 12 months before the survey, 14.8% had been electronically bullied, 19.6% had been bullied on school property, and 8.0% had attempted suicide. Many high school students nationwide are engaged in sexual risk behaviors that contribute to unintended pregnancies and STIs, including HIV infection. Nearly half (46.8%) of students had ever had sexual intercourse, 34.0% had had sexual intercourse during the 3 months before the survey (i.e., currently sexually active), and 15.0% had had sexual intercourse with four or more persons during their life. Among currently sexually active students, 59.1% had used a condom during their last sexual intercourse. Results from the 2013 national YRBS also indicate many high school students are engaged in behaviors associated with chronic diseases, such as cardiovascular disease, cancer, and diabetes. During the 30 days before the survey, 15.7% of high school students had smoked cigarettes and 8.8% had used smokeless tobacco. During the 7 days before the survey, 5.0% of high school students had not eaten fruit or drunk 100% fruit juices and 6.6% had not eaten vegetables. More than one-third (41.3%) had played video or computer games or used a computer for something that was not school work for 3 or more hours per day on an average school day. Interpretation: Many high school students engage in behaviors that place them at risk for the leading causes of morbidity and mortality The prevalence of most health-risk behaviors varies by sex, race/ethnicity, and grade and across states and large urban school districts. Long term temporal changes also have occurred. Since the earliest year of data collection, the prevalence of most health-risk behaviors has decreased (e.g., physical fighting, current cigarette use, and current sexual activity), but the prevalence of other health-risk behaviors has not changed (e.g., suicide attempts treated by a doctor or nurse, having ever used marijuana, and having drunk alcohol or used drugs before last sexual intercourse) or has increased (e.g., having not gone to school because of safety concern and obesity and overweight). Public Health Action: YRBSS data are used widely to compare the prevalence of health-risk behaviors among. subpopulations of students; assess trends in health-risk behaviors over time; monitor progress toward achieving 20 national health objectives for Healthy People 2020 and one of the 26 leading health indicators; provide comparable state and large urban school district data; and help develop and evaluate school and community policies, programs, and practices designed to decrease health-risk behaviors and improve health outcomes among youth. C1 [Kann, Laura; Kinchen, Steve; Shanklin, Shari L.; Harris, William A.; Lowry, Richard; Olsen, Emily O'Malley; McManus, Tim; Chyen, David; Whittle, Lisa; Taylor, Eboni; Demissie, Zewditu; Brener, Nancy; Thornton, Jemekia; Moore, John; Zaza, Stephanie] CDC, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Div Adolescent & Sch Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Flint, Katherine H.] ICF Int, Rockville, MD USA. [Hawkins, Joseph] Westat Corp, Rockville, MD USA. RP Kann, L (reprint author), Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Div Adolescent & Sch Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. EM lkk1@cdc.gov NR 17 TC 333 Z9 339 U1 21 U2 104 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL & PREVENTION PI ATLANTA PA MAILSTOP E-90, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1545-8636 J9 MMWR SURVEILL SUMM JI MMWR Surv. Summ. PD JUN 13 PY 2014 VL 63 IS 4 BP 1 EP 168 PG 168 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AL8BU UT WOS:000339363600001 PM 24918634 ER PT J AU Ahmed, R Singh, N ter Kuile, FO Bharti, PK Singh, PP Desai, M Udhayakumar, V Terlouw, DJ AF Ahmed, Rukhsana Singh, Neeru ter Kuile, Feiko O. Bharti, Praveen K. Singh, Pushpendra P. Desai, Meghna Udhayakumar, Venkatachalam Terlouw, Dianne J. TI Placental infections with histologically confirmed Plasmodium falciparum are associated with adverse birth outcomes in India: a cross-sectional study SO MALARIA JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Malaria; Pregnancy; Placenta; Histopathology; Birth weight; Haemoglobin; Gestational age; India ID LOW MALARIA TRANSMISSION; PREGNANCY OUTCOMES; VIVAX MALARIA; COLOMBIA; WEIGHT; WOMEN; PREVALENCE; EXPRESSION; PATHOLOGY; DELIVERY AB Background: Few studies have assessed placental malaria infections from low transmission areas by histopathology to define their impact and underlying mechanisms. Methods: Peripheral smears and rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs), placental smears and histological samples, birth weight and gestational age were collected from 2,282 deliveries in three hospitals during a one-year (2006-2007) continuous cross-sectional survey in Madhya Pradesh. Placental histopathology included all 50 cases positive by microscopy or RDT plus 456 randomly selected samples of women negative for malaria by microscopy or RDT. Histological examination included parasites, inflammatory cells, pigment in fibrin, and morphological changes. Results: There were 52 histology-positive cases; 38 (73.1%) active (acute and chronic) and 14 past infections. Intervillous parasitaemia was low (60% had < 1% parasitaemia) and monocytosis mostly mild (63%). Compared with uninfected placentas, acute Plasmodium falciparum infections were associated with stillbirth (RR 3.8, 95% CI 1.2-12.1), lower maternal haemoglobin (mean difference: 1.5 g/dL, 95% CI 0.5-2.5), lower birth weight (mean difference 451 g, 95% CI 169-609) and shorter gestation (mean difference 0.8 weeks, 95% CI 0.2-1.4). Chronic or past infections were not associated with these outcomes. Among the 11 peripheral Plasmodium vivax cases, placental parasites were absent, but they were associated with increased placental polymorphonuclear cells. Conclusions: Malaria associated stillbirth and low birth weight in women with low protective immunity may result, at least in part, from a shortened gestation triggered by acute infection, stressing the importance of early malaria detection. C1 [Ahmed, Rukhsana; ter Kuile, Feiko O.; Terlouw, Dianne J.] Univ Liverpool, Liverpool Sch Trop Med, Dept Clin Sci, Liverpool L3 5QA, Merseyside, England. [Singh, Neeru; Bharti, Praveen K.; Singh, Pushpendra P.] Natl Inst Malaria Res Field Stn, Reg Med Res Ctr, Jabalpur, India. [Desai, Meghna; Udhayakumar, Venkatachalam] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Global Hlth, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Malaria Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Terlouw, Dianne J.] Malawi Liverpool Wellcome Trust, Clin Res Programme, Blantyre, Malawi. RP Terlouw, DJ (reprint author), Univ Liverpool, Liverpool Sch Trop Med, Dept Clin Sci, Liverpool L3 5QA, Merseyside, England. EM D.J.Terlouw@liverpool.ac.uk OI ter Kuile, Feiko/0000-0003-3663-5617 FU Indian Council of Medical Research FX We thank the mother baby pairs who participated in the study, the study staff for data collection, Arun Meshram and Kiran Avasti for reading the conventional smear microscopy, MP Singh for setting up the data entry screen and Pinjakar for processing the histology slides. We thank Dr Girish Majumdara at Bombay Hospital for permitting to use of their polarized light microscopy. We appreciate the cooperation received from the obstetricians, Chief Medical Officers and the antenatal and delivery unit staff of the three study hospitals and acknowledge the support of the Indian Council of Medical Research. We thank Professor Carlos Abramowsky for reviewing the selected sub-set of the histology slides, and Dr Annemieke van Eijk for her critical review of the draft. The findings and conclusions in this paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 42 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1475-2875 J9 MALARIA J JI Malar. J. PD JUN 13 PY 2014 VL 13 AR 232 DI 10.1186/1475-2875-13-232 PG 12 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA AL1MH UT WOS:000338889000003 PM 24927762 ER PT J AU Ekwueme, DU Yabroff, KR Guy, GP Banegas, MP de Moor, JS Li, CY Han, XS Zheng, ZY Soni, A Davidoff, A Rechis, R Virgo, KS AF Ekwueme, Donatus U. Yabroff, K. Robin Guy, Gery P., Jr. Banegas, Matthew P. de Moor, Janet S. Li, Chunyu Han, Xuesong Zheng, Zhiyuan Soni, Anita Davidoff, Amy Rechis, Ruth Virgo, Katherine S. TI Medical Costs and Productivity Losses of Cancer Survivors - United States, 2008-2011 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article ID CARE C1 [Ekwueme, Donatus U.; Guy, Gery P., Jr.; Li, Chunyu] CDC, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Yabroff, K. Robin; Banegas, Matthew P.; de Moor, Janet S.] NCI, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Han, Xuesong; Zheng, Zhiyuan] Amer Canc Soc, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Soni, Anita; Davidoff, Amy] Agcy Healthcare Res & Qual, Rockville, MD USA. [Rechis, Ruth] Livestrong Fdn, Austin, TX USA. [Virgo, Katherine S.] Emory Univ, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Ekwueme, DU (reprint author), CDC, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM dce3@cdc.gov NR 10 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 9 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL & PREVENTION PI ATLANTA PA MAILSTOP E-90, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD JUN 13 PY 2014 VL 63 IS 23 BP 505 EP 510 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AJ4KN UT WOS:000337645300001 PM 24918485 ER PT J AU Teleb, N Lebo, E Ahmed, H Hossam, AR El Sayed, E Dabbagh, A Strebel, P Rota, P Alexander, J AF Teleb, Nadia Lebo, Emmaculate Ahmed, Hinda Hossam, Abdel Rahman El Sayed, El Tayeb Dabbagh, Alya Strebel, Peter Rota, Paul Alexander, James TI Progress Toward Measles Elimination - Eastern Mediterranean Region, 2008-2012 SO MMWR-MORBIDITY AND MORTALITY WEEKLY REPORT LA English DT Article C1 [Teleb, Nadia; Ahmed, Hinda; Hossam, Abdel Rahman; El Sayed, El Tayeb] WHO Reg Off Eastern Mediterranean, Cairo, Egypt. [Lebo, Emmaculate; Alexander, James] CDC, Global Immunizat Div, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Dabbagh, Alya; Strebel, Peter] WHO, Dept Immunizat Vaccines & Biol, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. [Rota, Paul] CDC, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Lebo, E (reprint author), CDC, Global Immunizat Div, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM elebo@cdc.gov NR 10 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL & PREVENTION PI ATLANTA PA MAILSTOP E-90, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 0149-2195 EI 1545-861X J9 MMWR-MORBID MORTAL W JI MMWR-Morb. Mortal. Wkly. Rep. PD JUN 13 PY 2014 VL 63 IS 23 BP 511 EP 515 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA AJ4KN UT WOS:000337645300002 PM 24918486 ER EF