FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Dolan, MC Schulze, TL Jordan, RA Dietrich, G Schulze, CJ Hojgaard, A Ullmann, AJ Sackal, C Zeidner, NS Piesman, J AF Dolan, Marc C. Schulze, Terry L. Jordan, Robert A. Dietrich, Gabrielle Schulze, Christopher J. Hojgaard, Andrias Ullmann, Amy J. Sackal, Cherilyn Zeidner, Nordin S. Piesman, Joseph TI Elimination of Borrelia burgdorferi and Anaplasma phagocytophilum in Rodent Reservoirs and Ixodes scapularis Ticks Using a Doxycycline Hyclate-Laden Bait SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID AMBLYOMMA-AMERICANUM ACARI; HUMAN GRANULOCYTIC EHRLICHIOSIS; SUSTAINED-RELEASE FORMULATION; FOREST FLOOR ARTHROPODS; LYME-DISEASE; NEW-JERSEY; GRANULAR DELTAMETHRIN; SAMPLING METHODS; BABESIA-MICROTI; BORNE DISEASES AB A field trial was conducted in a Lyme disease-endemic area of New Jersey to determine the efficacy of a doxycyline hyclate rodent bait to prophylactically protect and cure small-mammal reservoirs and reduce infection rates in questing Ixodes scapularis ticks for Borrelia burgdorferi and Anaplasma phagocytophilum. The doxycycline-laden bait was formulated at a concentration of 500 mg/kg and delivered during the immature tick feeding season in rodent-targeted bait boxes. The percentage of infected small mammals recovered from treated areas after 2 years of treatment was reduced by 86.9% for B. burgdorferi and 74% for A. phagocytophilum. Infection rates in questing nymphal ticks for both B. burgdorferi and A. phagocytophilum were reduced by 94.3% and 92%, respectively. Results from this study indicate that doxycycline-impregnated bait is an effective means of reducing infection rates for B. burgdorferi and A. phagocytophilum in both rodent reservoirs and questing I. scapularis ticks. C1 [Dolan, Marc C.; Dietrich, Gabrielle; Hojgaard, Andrias; Ullmann, Amy J.; Sackal, Cherilyn; Zeidner, Nordin S.; Piesman, Joseph] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, Bacterial Dis Branch, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Schulze, Terry L.; Schulze, Christopher J.] Terry L Schulze PhD Inc, Perrineville, NJ USA. [Jordan, Robert A.] Freehold Area Hlth Dept, Freehold, NJ USA. RP Dolan, MC (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, Bacterial Dis Branch, 3150 Rampart Rd, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM mcd4@cdc.gov; tlschulze@mormouth.com; rajordanphd@optimum.net; eid7@cdc.gov; cjschulze1@gmail.com; fth3@cdc.gov; aff1@cdc.gov; gtf3@cdc.gov; naz2@cdc.gov; jfp2@cdc.gov NR 37 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 15 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 85 IS 6 BP 1114 EP 1120 DI 10.4269/ajtmh.2011.11-0292 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 858FJ UT WOS:000297781000028 PM 22144454 ER PT J AU Dahlgren, FS Moonesinghe, R McQuiston, JH AF Dahlgren, F. Scott Moonesinghe, Ramal McQuiston, Jennifer H. TI Short Report: Race and Rickettsiae: A United States Perspective SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article AB US surveillance programs for Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF), ehrlichiosis, and anaplasmosis collect demographic data on patients, including race and ethnicity. Reporting of these diseases among race groups is not uniform across the United States. Because a laboratory confirmation is required to meet the national surveillance case definition, reporting may be influenced by a patient's access to healthcare. Determining the association between race and ethnicity with incidence of rickettsial infections requires targeted, active surveillance. C1 [Dahlgren, F. Scott; Moonesinghe, Ramal; McQuiston, Jennifer H.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Rickensial Zoonoses Branch, Div Vectorborne Infect Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Dahlgren, F. Scott; Moonesinghe, Ramal; McQuiston, Jennifer H.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Minor Hlth & Hlth Dispar, Off Director, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Dahlgren, FS (reprint author), 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS G-44, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM iot0@cdc.gov; zor7@cdc.gov; fzh7@cdc.gov FU Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education; US Department of Energy; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX This project was possible because of the efforts from the National Center for Health Statistics, the National Center for Public Health Informatics, our partners at the State and Local Health Departments. and clinicians and laboratorians around the country. We are also grateful to Lindsey Pool for her continued assistance. We extend our thanks to Dr. Brad Biggerstaff for his constructive criticism of this manuscript. The Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, the US Department of Energy, and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention financially supported and sponsored the authorship of this paper. The findings and conclusions in this article arc the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 13 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 85 IS 6 BP 1124 EP 1125 DI 10.4269/ajtmh.2011.11-0462 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 858FJ UT WOS:000297781000030 PM 22144456 ER PT J AU Blum, LS Oria, PA Olson, CK Breiman, RE Ram, PK AF Blum, Lauren S. Oria, Prisca A. Olson, Christine K. Breiman, Robert E. Ram, Pavani K. TI Examining the Use of Oral Rehydration Salts and Other Oral Rehydration Therapy for Childhood Diarrhea in Kenya SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID MANAGEMENT; COUNTRIES; MORTALITY; MOTHERS AB Reductions in the use of oral rehydration therapy (ORT) in sub-Saharan Africa highlight the need to examine caregiver perceptions of ORT during diarrheal episodes. Qualitative research involving group discussions with child-care providers and in-depth interviews with 45 caregivers of children <5 years of age who had experienced diarrhea was conducted in one rural and urban site in Kenya during July-December 2007. Diarrhea was considered a dangerous condition that can kill young children. Caregivers preferred to treat diarrhea with Western drugs believed to be more effective in stopping diarrhea than ORT. Inconsistent recommendations from health workers regarding use of oral rehydration solution (ORS) caused confusion about when ORS is appropriate and whether it requires a medical prescription. In the rural community, causal explanations about diarrhea, beliefs in herbal remedies, cost, and distance to health facilities presented additional barriers to ORS use. Health communication is needed to clarify the function of ORT in preventing dehydration. C1 [Oria, Prisca A.; Breiman, Robert E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global Dis Detect Div, Nairobi, Kenya. [Olson, Christine K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. [Olson, Christine K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Ram, Pavani K.] SUNY Buffalo, Dept Social & Prevent Med, Buffalo, NY USA. RP Blum, LS (reprint author), 2130 Dakar Pl, Dulles, VA 20189 USA. EM laurensblum@yahoo.com; Poria@kemricdc.org; colson@cdc.gov; rbreiman@ke.cdc.gov; pkram@buffalo.edu FU United States Agency for International Development FX This study was supported by the United States Agency for International Development. NR 27 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 EI 1476-1645 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 85 IS 6 BP 1126 EP 1133 DI 10.4269/ajtmh.2011.11-0171 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 858FJ UT WOS:000297781000031 PM 22144457 ER PT J AU Olson, CK Blum, LS Patel, KN Oria, PA Feikin, DR Laserson, KF Wamae, AW Bartlett, AV Breiman, RF Ram, PK AF Olson, Christine K. Blum, Lauren S. Patel, Kinnery N. Oria, Prisca A. Feikin, Daniel R. Laserson, Kayla F. Wamae, Annah W. Bartlett, Alfred V. Breiman, Robert F. Ram, Pavani K. TI Community Case Management of Childhood Diarrhea in a Setting with Declining Use of Oral Rehydration Therapy: Findings from Cross-Sectional Studies among Primary Household Caregivers, Kenya, 2007 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID ZINC; COUNTRIES; MORTALITY; MOTHERS; SALTS AB We sought to determine factors associated with appropriate diarrhea case management in Kenya. We conducted a cross-sectional survey of caregivers of children <5 years of age with diarrhea in rural Asembo and urban Kibera. In Asembo, 61% of respondents provided oral rehydration therapy (ORT), 45% oral rehydration solution (ORS), and 64% continued feeding. In Kibera, 75% provided ORT, 43% ORS, and 46% continued feeding. Seeking care at a health facility, risk perception regarding death from diarrhea, and treating a child with oral medications were associated with ORT and ORS use. Availability of oral medication was negatively associated. A minority of caregivers reported that ORS is available in nearby shops. In Kenya, household case management of diarrhea remains inadequate for a substantial proportion of children. Health workers have a critical role in empowering caregivers regarding early treatment with ORT and continued feeding. Increasing community ORS availability is essential to improving diarrhea management. C1 [Olson, Christine K.; Patel, Kinnery N.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Olson, Christine K.; Patel, Kinnery N.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Blum, Lauren S.; Oria, Prisca A.; Breiman, Robert F.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global Dis Detect Div, Nairobi, Kenya. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Kenya Med Res Inst, Int Emerging Infect Program, Kisumu, Kenya. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, CDC Res & Publ Hlth Collaborat, Kisumu, Kenya. Republ Kenya Minist Hlth, Div Child Hlth, Nairobi, Kenya. [Bartlett, Alfred V.] US Agcy Int Dev, Bur Global Hlth, Washington, DC USA. [Ram, Pavani K.] SUNY Coll Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14222 USA. RP Olson, CK (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS E-03, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM colson@cdc.gov; laurensblum@yahoo.com; Kinnery@gmail.com; Poria@kemricdc.org; dfeikin@jhsph.edu; klaserson@ke.cdc.gov; awanju2002@yahoo.com; abartlett@usaid.gov; rbreiman@ke.cdc.gov; pkram@buffalo.edu FU United States Agency for International Development (USAID); Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) FX This research was funded by the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). NR 28 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 85 IS 6 BP 1134 EP 1140 DI 10.4269/ajtmh.2011.11-0178 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 858FJ UT WOS:000297781000032 PM 22144458 ER PT J AU Velasquez, DE Arvelo, W Cama, VA Lopez, B Reyes, L Roellig, DM Kahn, GD Lindblade, KA AF Velasquez, Daniel E. Arvelo, Wences Cama, Vitaliano A. Lopez, Beatriz Reyes, Lissette Roellig, Dawn M. Kahn, Geoffrey D. Lindblade, Kimberly A. TI Short Report: Molecular Insights for Giardia, Cryptosporidium, and Soil-Transmitted Helminths from a Facility-Based Surveillance System in Guatemala SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID BENZIMIDAZOLE RESISTANCE; ZOONOTIC TRANSMISSION; TRICHURIS-TRICHIURA; CHILDREN; INFECTIONS; EPIDEMIOLOGY; PREVALENCE; HOOKWORMS; PARASITES; GENOTYPES AB We molecularly characterized samples with Giardia,Cryptosporidium, and soil-transmitted helminths from a facility-based surveillance system for diarrhea in Santa Rosa, Guatemala. The DNA sequence analysis determined the presence of Giardia assemblages A (N = 7) and B (N = 12) and, Cryptosporidium hominis (N = 2) and Cryptosporidium parvum (N = 2), suggestive of different transmission cycles. All 41 samples with soil-transmitted helminths did not have the beta-tubulin mutation described for benzimidazole resistance, suggesting potential usefulness in mass drug administration campaigns. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Int Emerging Infect Program, Reg Off Cent Amer & Panama, Guatemala City, Guatemala. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global Dis Detect & Emergency Response, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. Univ Valle Guatemala, Guatemala City, Guatemala. [Reyes, Lissette] Minist Salud Publ & Asistencia Social Guatemala, Guatemala City, Guatemala. RP Cama, VA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS D65, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM DVelasquez@cdc.gov; WArvelo@gt.cdc.gov; VCama@cdc.gov; blopez@ces.uvg.edu.gt; drsamuelpablobr@yahoo.com; DMRoellig@cdc.gov; geoff.kahn@gmail.com; KLindblade@cdc.gov OI Lopez, Beatriz/0000-0003-1353-9948 FU U. S. Center for Disease Control and Detection (CDC); CDC [UO1 GH000028-02] FX This work was supported in part by funds from the Global Disease Detection Program U. S. Center for Disease Control and Detection (CDC) and by the Cooperative Agreement no. UO1 GH000028-02, from CDC. NR 23 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 85 IS 6 BP 1141 EP 1143 DI 10.4269/ajtmh.2011.11-0437 PG 3 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 858FJ UT WOS:000297781000033 PM 22144459 ER PT J AU Sercombe, JK Green, BJ Rimmer, J Burton, PK Katelaris, CH Tovey, ER AF Sercombe, Jason K. Green, Brett J. Rimmer, Janet Burton, Pamela K. Katelaris, Constance H. Tovey, Euan R. TI London Plane Tree bioaerosol exposure and allergic sensitization in Sydney, Australia SO ANNALS OF ALLERGY ASTHMA & IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PLATANUS POLLEN; POLLINOSIS; REACTIVITY; SYMPTOMS; RHINITIS; SPAIN AB Background: Exposure to London Plane Tree (Platanus) bioaerosols in Sydney, Australia has been anecdotally linked to respiratory irritation, rhinitis, and conjunctivitis. Objective: To determine the relationships between Platanus bioaerosol exposure, allergic sensitization, and symptoms. Methods: Sixty-four subjects with self-reported Platanus symptoms were recruited from inner-urban Sydney. Allergic sensitization was determined by skin prick test (SPT) to 13 allergens. Airborne concentrations of Platanus pollen, trichomes, and achene fibers, and other pollen and fungal spores, were measured over the spring and summer of 2006-2007. Subjects' allergic symptoms were monitored concurrently. The Halogen immunoassay (HIA) was used to measure subjects' immunoglobulin E (IgE) reactivity to collected bioaerosols. Results: Platanus pollen constituted 76% of total pollen between July 2006 and April 2007. Airborne concentrations of Platanus pollen peaked from August until October. Non-Platanus pollen peaked from July to December. Elevated concentrations of trichomes and achene fibers occurred from September to December and August to October, respectively. As determined by SPT, 85.9% of subjects were sensitized, 65.6% to any pollen tested, 56.3% to Lolium perenne, and 23.4% to Platanus. Higher mean daily symptom scores were only associated with high counts of non-Platanus pollens. HIA analysis demonstrated IgE binding to Platanus pollen in all Platanus sensitized subjects. Personal nasal air sampling detected airborne trichomes that were capable of being inhaled. Platanus trichomes or achene fibers did not bind IgE from any subject. Conclusions: Platanus bioaerosols exist in high concentrations between August and November in inner-urban Sydney but were not associated with seasonal symptoms. Platanus trichomes are inhaled and may constitute a respiratory irritant. C1 [Sercombe, Jason K.] Univ Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. [Sercombe, Jason K.; Rimmer, Janet; Tovey, Euan R.] Woolcock Inst Med Res, Sydney, NSW, Australia. [Green, Brett J.] NIOSH, Allergy & Clin Immunol Branch, Hlth Effects Lab Div, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Morgantown, WV USA. [Burton, Pamela K.; Katelaris, Constance H.] Univ Western Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia. [Burton, Pamela K.; Katelaris, Constance H.] Campbelltown Hosp, Sydney, NSW, Australia. RP Sercombe, JK (reprint author), Univ Sydney, Rm 630,Blackburn Bld D06, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. EM jason.sercombe@sydney.edu.au NR 26 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1081-1206 J9 ANN ALLERG ASTHMA IM JI Ann. Allergy Asthma Immunol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 107 IS 6 BP 493 EP 500 DI 10.1016/j.anai.2011.08.011 PG 8 WC Allergy; Immunology SC Allergy; Immunology GA 862EN UT WOS:000298072700006 PM 22123378 ER PT J AU Joseph, H Maiava, F Naseri, T Silva, U Lammie, P Melrose, W AF Joseph, H. Maiava, F. Naseri, T. Silva, U. Lammie, P. Melrose, W. TI Epidemiological assessment of continuing transmission of lymphatic filariasis in Samoa SO ANNALS OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PAPUA-NEW-GUINEA; WUCHERERIA-BANCROFTI INFECTION; MASS TREATMENT; ELIMINATION; PACIFIC; DIETHYLCARBAMAZINE; PROGRAMS; ANTIGEN; MICROFILAREMIA; DETERMINANTS AB Ongoing transmission of lymphatic filariasis (LF) was assessed in five Samoan villages by measuring microfilaraemia (Mf), circulating filarial antigen (CFA) and antibody prevalence. Compared to the other villages, Fasitoo-Tai had a significantly higher Mf prevalence (3.2%), CFA prevalence (14.6%) and antibody prevalence in children (62.0%) (P<0.05). Puapua had a significantly lower CFA prevalence (2.5%), no detectable Mf-positive individuals and significantly low antibody prevalence in children (7.9%) (P<0.05). Siufaga, previously believed to be LF-free, recorded >1% CFA prevalence and a high antibody prevalence in children (46.6%). Overall, antibody prevalence in children appeared to reflect the transmission dynamics in the villages and, in Siufaga, identified an area of ongoing transmission. The Filariasis Cellabs Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (CELISA), based on recombinant antigen Bm14, to detect antibodies, could potentially be a promising diagnostic tool for inclusion in future surveillance in the South Pacific. C1 [Joseph, H.] James Cook Univ, Sch Publ Hlth Trop Med & Rehabil Sci, Lymphat Filariasis Support Ctr, Townsville, Qld 4811, Australia. [Lammie, P.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Joseph, H (reprint author), James Cook Univ, Sch Publ Hlth Trop Med & Rehabil Sci, Lymphat Filariasis Support Ctr, Townsville, Qld 4811, Australia. EM hayley.joseph@jcu.edu.au FU GlaxoSmithKline FX We would like to thank the staff of the Samoan Ministry of Health for approving this research and the World Health Organization, Samoa, for their participation in the field work. We would also like to thank Dr Petra Buttner for her statistical advice. We would like to thank Phil Bright, from the Secretariat of the Pacific Community, for providing the ArcGIS map of Samoa. Lastly, we would like to thank GlaxoSmithKline for their generous ongoing financial support of the LF support centre at James Cook University. NR 47 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 2 PU MANEY PUBLISHING PI LEEDS PA STE 1C, JOSEPHS WELL, HANOVER WALK, LEEDS LS3 1AB, W YORKS, ENGLAND SN 0003-4983 J9 ANN TROP MED PARASIT JI Ann. Trop. Med. Parasitol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 105 IS 8 BP 567 EP 578 DI 10.1179/2047773211Y.0000000008 PG 12 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA 870JN UT WOS:000298665500004 PM 22325816 ER PT J AU Cassell, CH Grosse, SD Thorpe, PG Howell, EE Meyer, RE AF Cassell, Cynthia H. Grosse, Scott D. Thorpe, Phoebe G. Howell, Eleanor E. Meyer, Robert E. TI Health care expenditures among children with and those without spina bifida enrolled in Medicaid in North Carolina SO BIRTH DEFECTS RESEARCH PART A-CLINICAL AND MOLECULAR TERATOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13h Annual Meeting of the National-Birth-Defects-Prevention-Network CY MAR 08-10, 2010 CL Natl Harbor, MD SP Natl Birth Defects Prevent Network DE spina bifida; Medicaid; costs; birth defects ID PRIVATELY INSURED POPULATION; FOLIC-ACID FORTIFICATION; UNITED-STATES; BIRTH-DEFECTS; CHRONIC ILLNESSES; INFANTS; PREVALENCE; CHARGES; COSTS; SERVICES AB BACKGROUND National data on health care use among children with special needs are limited and do not address children with spina bifida (SB). One recent study examined health care costs during 2003 among privately insured individuals with SB. Our objective was to compare health care use and expenditures among publicly insured children with SB to children without a major birth defec METHODS: Data from the North Carolina Birth Defects Monitoring Program and Medicaid were linked to identify continuously enrolled children with SB (case children) and children without a major birth defect (control children) born from 1995 to 2002. Medicaid expenditures per child for medical, inpatient, outpatient, dental, well- child care, developmental/ behavioral services, and home health for those aged 0 to 4 years old were calculated for case and control children and for case children with and without hydrocephalus. RESULTS: Of 373 case children who survived infancy, 205 (55%) were enrolled in Medicaid. Expenditures were assessed for 144 case and 5674 control children aged 0 to 4 years old continuously enrolled in Medicaid. During infancy, mean expenditure was $ 33,135 per child with SB and $ 3900 per unaffected child. The biggest relative expenditures were for developmental/ behavioral services (82 times higher for case than control child [$ 1401 vs. $ 17]) and home health services (20 times higher [$ 821 vs. $ 41]). Average expenditure for an infant with SB and hydrocephalus was 2.6 times higher than an infant with SB without hydrocephalus ($ 40,502 vs. $ 15,699). CONCLUSIONS: Expenditure comparisons by SB subtype are important for targeting health care resources. Birth Defects Research (Part A) 91: 1019- 1027, 2011. (C) 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.t and among children with SB with and without hydrocephalus. C1 [Cassell, Cynthia H.; Grosse, Scott D.; Thorpe, Phoebe G.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Howell, Eleanor E.] State Ctr Hlth Stat, Data Disseminat Unit, Div Publ Hlth, Raleigh, NC USA. [Meyer, Robert E.] State Ctr Hlth Stat, N Carolina Birth Defects Monitoring Program, Div Publ Hlth, Raleigh, NC USA. RP Cassell, CH (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Mail Stop E86,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM chcassell@cdc.gov FU PHS HHS [U50/CCU422096] NR 39 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 4 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1542-0752 EI 1542-0760 J9 BIRTH DEFECTS RES A JI Birth Defects Res. Part A-Clin. Mol. Teratol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 91 IS 12 SI SI BP 1019 EP 1027 DI 10.1002/bdra.22864 PG 9 WC Developmental Biology; Toxicology SC Developmental Biology; Toxicology GA 862LI UT WOS:000298091900007 PM 22021073 ER PT J AU Yabroff, KR Zapka, J Klabunde, CN Yuan, GG Buckman, DW Haggstrom, D Clauser, SB Miller, J Taplin, SH AF Yabroff, K. Robin Zapka, Jane Klabunde, Carrie N. Yuan, Gigi Buckman, Dennis W. Haggstrom, David Clauser, Steven B. Miller, Jacqueline Taplin, Stephen H. TI Systems Strategies to Support Cancer Screening in US Primary Care Practice SO CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY BIOMARKERS & PREVENTION LA English DT Article ID HEALTH INFORMATION-TECHNOLOGY; SERVICES TASK-FORCE; INCREASE MAMMOGRAPHY USE; COLORECTAL-CANCER; AMBULATORY-CARE; UNITED-STATES; NURSE-PRACTITIONERS; SOCIETY GUIDELINES; NATIONAL-SURVEY; QUALITY AB Background: Although systems strategies are effective in improving health care delivery, little is known about their use for cancer screening in U. S. primary care practice. Methods: We assessed primary care physicians' (N = 2,475) use of systems strategies for breast, cervical, and colorectal cancer (CRC) screening in a national survey conducted in 2007. Systems strategies included patient and physician screening reminders, performance reports of screening rates, electronic medical records, implementation of in-practice guidelines, and use of nurse practitioners/physician assistants. We evaluated use of both patient and physician screening reminders with other strategies in separate models by screening type, adjusted for the effects of physician and practice characteristics with multivariate logistic regression. Results: Fewer than 10% of physicians used a comprehensive set of systems strategies to support cancer screening; use was greater for mammography and Pap testing than for CRC screening. In adjusted analyses, performance reports of cancer screening rates, medical record type, and in-practice guidelines were associated with use of both patient and physician screening reminders for mammography, Pap testing, and CRC screening (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Despite evidence supporting use of systems strategies in primary care, few physicians report using a comprehensive set of strategies to support cancer screening. Impact: Current health policy initiatives underscore the importance of increased implementation of systems strategies in primary care to improve the use and quality of cancer screening in the United States. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 20(12); 2471-9. (C) 2011 AACR. C1 [Yabroff, K. Robin] NCI, Hlth Serv & Econ Branch Appl Res Program, Div Canc Control & Populat Sci, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Zapka, Jane] Med Univ S Carolina, Div Biostat & Epidemiol, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. [Yuan, Gigi; Buckman, Dennis W.] Informat Management Serv Inc, Rockville, MD USA. [Haggstrom, David] Roudebush VAMC, Hlth Serv Res & Dev Ctr Implementing Evidence Bas, Indianapolis, IN USA. [Haggstrom, David] Regenstrief Inst Hlth Care, IU Ctr Hlth Serv & Outcomes Res, Indianapolis, IN USA. [Haggstrom, David] Indiana Univ Sch Med, Div Gen Internal Med & Geriatr, Dept Med, Indianapolis, IN USA. [Miller, Jacqueline] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Yabroff, KR (reprint author), NCI, Hlth Serv & Econ Branch Appl Res Program, Div Canc Control & Populat Sci, Execut Plaza N,Room 4005,6130 Execut Blvd,MSC 734, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM yabroffr@mail.nih.gov OI Yabroff, K. Robin/0000-0003-0644-5572 FU Intramural NIH HHS [Z99 CA999999] NR 57 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI PHILADELPHIA PA 615 CHESTNUT ST, 17TH FLOOR, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-4404 USA SN 1055-9965 J9 CANCER EPIDEM BIOMAR JI Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 20 IS 12 BP 2471 EP 2479 DI 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-11-0783 PG 9 WC Oncology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Oncology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 864JA UT WOS:000298234900001 PM 21976292 ER PT J AU He, XQ Young, SH Schwegler-Berry, D Chisholm, WP Fernback, JE Ma, Q AF He, Xiaoqing Young, Shih-Houng Schwegler-Berry, Diane Chisholm, William P. Fernback, Joseph E. Ma, Qiang TI Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes Induce a Fibrogenic Response by Stimulating Reactive Oxygen Species Production, Activating NF-kappa B Signaling, and Promoting Fibroblast-to-Myofibroblast Transformation SO CHEMICAL RESEARCH IN TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PULMONARY-FIBROSIS; OXIDATIVE STRESS; TOXICITY; NRF2; NANOPARTICLES; EXPRESSION; EXPOSURE; CELLS; MOUSE; MICE AB Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) are novel materials with unique electronic and mechanical properties. The extremely small size, fiberlike shape, large surface area, and unique surface chemistry render their distinctive chemical and physical characteristics and raise potential hazards to humans. Several reports have shown that pulmonary exposure to CNTs caused inflammation and lung fibrosis in rodents. The molecular mechanisms that govern CNT lung toxicity remain largely unaddressed. Here, we report that multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) have potent, dose-dependent toxicity on cultured human lung cells (BEAS-2B, A549, and WI38-VA13). Mechanistic analyses were carried out at subtoxic doses (<= 20 mu g/mL, <= 24 h). MWCNTs induced substantial ROS production and mitochondrial damage, implicating oxidative stress in cellular damage by MWCNT. MWCNTs activated the NF-kappa B signaling pathway in macrophages (RAW264.7) to increase the secretion of a panel of cytokines and chemokines (TNF alpha, IL-1 beta, IL-6, IL-10, and MCP1) that promote inflammation. Activation of NF-kappa B involved rapid degradation of I kappa B alpha, nuclear accumulation of NF-kappa Bp65, binding of NF-kappa B to specific DNA-binding sequences, and transactivation of target gene promoters. Finally, MWCNTs induced the production of profibrogenic growth factors TGF beta 1 and PDGF from macrophages that function as paracrine signals to promote the transformation of lung fibroblasts (WI38-VA13) into myofibroblasts, a key step in the development of fibrosis. Our results revealed that MWCNTs elicit multiple and intertwining signaling events involving oxidative damage, inflammatory cytokine production, and myofibroblast transformation, which potentially underlie the toxicity and fibrosis in human lungs by MWCNTs. C1 [He, Xiaoqing; Ma, Qiang] NIOSH, Receptor Biol Lab, Toxicol & Mol Biol Branch, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Young, Shih-Houng; Schwegler-Berry, Diane] NIOSH, Pathol & Physiol Res Branch, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Chisholm, William P.] NIOSH, Exposure Assessment Branch, Hlth Effects Lab Div, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Fernback, Joseph E.] NIOSH, Chem Exposure & Monitoring Branch, Div Appl Res & Technol, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. RP Ma, Q (reprint author), NIOSH, Receptor Biol Lab, Toxicol & Mol Biol Branch, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM qam1@cdc.gov NR 49 TC 75 Z9 79 U1 5 U2 35 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0893-228X J9 CHEM RES TOXICOL JI Chem. Res. Toxicol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 24 IS 12 BP 2237 EP 2248 DI 10.1021/tx200351d PG 12 WC Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Chemistry; Toxicology GA 862FH UT WOS:000298074700017 PM 22081859 ER PT J AU Lampasona, V Schlosser, M Mueller, PW Williams, AJK Wenzlau, JM Hutton, JC Achenbach, P AF Lampasona, Vito Schlosser, Michael Mueller, Patricia W. Williams, Alistair J. K. Wenzlau, Janet M. Hutton, John C. Achenbach, Peter CA Participating Labs TI Diabetes Antibody Standardization Program: First Proficiency Evaluation of Assays for Autoantibodies to Zinc Transporter 8 SO CLINICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID CONCORDANCE CORRELATION-COEFFICIENT; GLUTAMIC-ACID DECARBOXYLASE; ISLET ANTIGEN-2; HIGH AGREEMENT; INSULIN; ONSET; IDENTIFICATION; SLC30A8; S1C30A8; ZNT-8 AB BACKGROUND: Zinc transporter 8 (ZnT8) is a recently identified major autoantigen in type 1 diabetes, and autoantibodies to ZnT8 (ZnT8A) are new markers for disease prediction and diagnosis. Here we report the results of the first international proficiency evaluation of ZnT8A assays by the Diabetes Antibody Standardization Program (DASP). METHODS: After a pilot workshop in 2007, an expanded ZnT8A workshop was held in 2009, with 26 participating laboratories from 13 countries submitting results of 63 different assays. ZnT8A levels were measured in coded sera from 50 patients with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes and 100 blood donor controls. Results were analyzed comparing area under the ROC curve (ROC-AUC), sensitivity adjusted to 95% specificity (AS95), concordance of sample ZnT8A positive or negative designation, and autoantibody levels. RESULTS: ZnT8A radio binding assays (RBAs) based on combined immunoprecipitation of the 2 most frequent ZnT8 COOH-terminal domain polymorphic variants showed a median ROC-AUC of 0.848 [interquartile range (IQR) 0.796-0.878] and a median AS95 of 70% (IQR 60%-72%). These RBAs were more sensitive than assays using as antigen either 1 ZnT8 variant only or chimeric constructs joining NH(2)- and COOH-terminal domains, assays based on immunoprecipitation and bioluminescent detection, or assays based on immunofluorescent staining of cells transfected with full-length antigen. CONCLUSIONS: The DASP workshop identified immunoprecipitation-based ZnT8A assays and antigen constructs that achieved both a high degree of sensitivity and specificity and were suitable for more widespread clinical application. (C) 2011 American Association for Clinical Chemistry C1 [Lampasona, Vito] Ist Sci San Raffaele, Genom Unit Diag Human Pathol, Ctr Translat Genom & Bioinformat, I-20132 Milan, Italy. [Schlosser, Michael] Ernst Moritz Arndt Univ Greifswald, Dept Med Biochem & Mol Biol, Karlsburg, Germany. [Schlosser, Michael] Ernst Moritz Arndt Univ Greifswald, Inst Pathophysiol, Res Grp Predict Diagnost, Karlsburg, Germany. [Mueller, Patricia W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Diabet Lab, Atlanta, GA USA. [Williams, Alistair J. K.] Univ Bristol, Sch Clin Sci, Bristol, Avon, England. [Wenzlau, Janet M.; Hutton, John C.] Univ Colorado, Denver & Hlth Sci Ctr, Barbara Davis Ctr Childhood Diabet, Denver, CO 80202 USA. [Achenbach, Peter] German Res Ctr Environm Hlth, Helmholtz Ctr Munich, Diabet Res Inst, Neuherberg, Germany. RP Lampasona, V (reprint author), Ist Sci San Raffaele, Genom Unit Diag Human Pathol, Ctr Translat Genom & Bioinformat, Via Olgettina 60, I-20132 Milan, Italy. EM lampasona.vito@hsr.it RI Williams, Alistair/E-7647-2013; Achenbach, Peter/M-9867-2014; OI Achenbach, Peter/0000-0001-6720-2684; Lampasona, Vito/0000-0001-5162-8445; Williams, Alistair/0000-0002-3615-3899 FU CDC [PL105-33, 106-310, 106-554, 107-360]; NIH [P30 DK57516, R01 DK052068]; Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation Autoimmunity Center Consortium [4-2007-1056]; Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation [11-2005-1117]; European Union [FP7-HEALTH-202013] FX DASP is funded at CDC by PL105-33, 106-310, 106-554, and 107-360 administered by the NIH. J.C. Hutton, UC Denver DERC (NIH P30 DK57516), NIH R01 DK052068 and the Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation Autoimmunity Center Consortium grant 4-2007-1056; P. Achenbach, Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation (11-2005-1117); V. Lampasona, European Union (DIAPREPP Project, FP7-HEALTH-202013). NR 28 TC 48 Z9 50 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER ASSOC CLINICAL CHEMISTRY PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 L STREET NW, SUITE 202, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-1526 USA SN 0009-9147 J9 CLIN CHEM JI Clin. Chem. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 57 IS 12 BP 1693 EP 1702 DI 10.1373/clinchem.2011.170662 PG 10 WC Medical Laboratory Technology SC Medical Laboratory Technology GA 862UM UT WOS:000298119600012 PM 21980171 ER PT J AU Ellington, SR King, CC Kourtis, AP AF Ellington, Sascha R. King, Caroline C. Kourtis, Athena P. TI Host factors that influence mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1: genetics, coinfections, behavior and nutrition SO FUTURE VIROLOGY LA English DT Review DE HIV-1; host; infant; mother-to-child transmission; risk factor ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; HEPATITIS-C VIRUS; HERPES-SIMPLEX-VIRUS; VITAMIN-A-DEFICIENCY; PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM MALARIA; MATERNAL-INFANT TRANSMISSION; INFECTED PREGNANT-WOMEN; CRACK-COCAINE USE; SEXUALLY-TRANSMITTED DISEASES; ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY AB Mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) is the most important mode of HIV-1 acquisition among infants and children and it can occur in utero, intrapartum and postnatally through breastfeeding. Great progress has been made in preventing MTCT through use of antiretroviral regimens during gestation, labor/delivery and breastfeeding. The mechanisms of MTCT, however, are multifactorial and remain incompletely understood. This review focuses on select host factors affecting MTCT, in particular genetic factors, coexisting infections, behavioral factors and nutrition. Whereas much emphasis has been placed on decreasing maternal HIV-1 viral load, an important determinant of MTCT, through use of antiretroviral agents, complementary focus on overall maternal health is often neglected. By addressing coinfections in mothers and infants, improving the mother's nutritional status and modifying risky behaviors and practices, not only is maternal and child health improved, but a direct benefit in reducing MTCT can be derived. The study of genetic variations in susceptibility to HIV-1 infection is rapidly evolving, and the future is likely to bring revolutionary changes in HIV-1 prevention by enhancing natural resistance to infection and by individually tailoring pharmacologic regimens. C1 [Ellington, Sascha R.; King, Caroline C.; Kourtis, Athena P.] CDC, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Kourtis, AP (reprint author), CDC, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Highway NE,MS K34, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM apk3@cdc.gov NR 241 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 12 PU FUTURE MEDICINE LTD PI LONDON PA UNITEC HOUSE, 3RD FLOOR, 2 ALBERT PLACE, FINCHLEY CENTRAL, LONDON, N3 1QB, ENGLAND SN 1746-0794 J9 FUTURE VIROL JI Future Virol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 6 IS 12 BP 1451 EP 1469 DI 10.2217/FVL.11.119 PG 19 WC Virology SC Virology GA 859CM UT WOS:000297852100011 ER PT J AU Clark, SJ Kilmarx, PH Kretsinger, K AF Clark, Sarah J. Kilmarx, Peter H. Kretsinger, Katrina TI Coverage Of Newborn And Adult Male Circumcision Varies Among Public And Private US Payers Despite Health Benefits SO HEALTH AFFAIRS LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; NEONATAL CIRCUMCISION; HIV; INFECTION; RISK; MEN AB Studies have shown that male circumcision greatly reduces the risk for heterosexual transmission of HIV, other sexually transmitted infections, infant urinary tract infections, penile cancer, and other adverse health outcomes. Given recent data regarding these health benefits and the cost-effectiveness of newborn male circumcision, national policy makers are developing new recommendations regarding circumcision for newborn, adolescent, and adult males. To investigate the implications, this study assessed insurance coverage and reimbursement for routine newborn and adult male circumcision in private and public health plans in 2009. We found that coverage varies across private and public payers. Private insurance provides far broader coverage than state Medicaid programs for routine newborn male circumcision. Specifically, Medicaid programs in seventeen states do not cover it, even though low-income populations have a higher risk of HIV and other sexually transmitted diseases compared to higher-income groups. For adult male circumcision, coverage is generally sparse across public and private plans. Presentation of evidence-based recommendations-for example, from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention-may be necessary if coverage for newborn and adult male circumcision is to be expanded. C1 [Clark, Sarah J.] Univ Michigan, Child Hlth Evaluat & Res Unit, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Clark, Sarah J.] Univ Michigan, Dept Pediat & Communicable Dis, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Kretsinger, Katrina] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Dis Eradicat & Eliminat Branch, Global Immunizat Div, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Clark, SJ (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Child Hlth Evaluat & Res Unit, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. EM saclark@med.umich.edu OI Kilmarx, Peter/0000-0001-6464-3345 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) FX This work was funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The findings and conclusions in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the CDC. NR 18 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 4 PU PROJECT HOPE PI BETHESDA PA 7500 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, STE 600, BETHESDA, MD 20814-6133 USA SN 0278-2715 J9 HEALTH AFFAIR JI Health Aff. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 30 IS 12 BP 2355 EP 2361 DI 10.1377/hlthaff.2011.0776 PG 7 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services SC Health Care Sciences & Services GA 864IQ UT WOS:000298233600018 PM 22147864 ER PT J AU Schwarz, PEH Albright, AL AF Schwarz, P. E. H. Albright, A. L. TI Prevention of Type 2 Diabetes: The Strategic Approach for Implementation SO HORMONE AND METABOLIC RESEARCH LA English DT Review DE type 2 diabetes; diabetes prevention; visceral fat; public health; global diabetes survey; implementation ID LIFE-STYLE INTERVENTION; INSULIN-RESISTANCE; EUROPEAN PERSPECTIVE; METABOLIC SYNDROME; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; DE-PLAN; PROGRAM; RISK; COMMUNITY; GLUCOSE AB A growing need exists to deliver effective and affordable prevention programs and to take urgent action to address the major public health challenge that diabetes represents. Achieving prevention of type 2 diabetes requires moving through a series of steps from basic science discovery to widespread distribution of effective interventions. Understanding the cellular level influences on diabetes prevention will help target particular interventions to those who may be most responsive. Several randomized controlled trials conducted throughout the world have demonstrated that type 2 diabetes can be prevented or delayed. Subsequent real-world translation studies have provided important information necessary to reduce cost and increase access. Ultimately achieving a population impact in diabetes prevention requires widespread distribution of effective interventions, which is supported by policies that help achieve sustainability and reach. The use of a global stakeholder network can help to share experiences C1 [Schwarz, P. E. H.] Tech Univ Dresden, Div Prevent & Care Diabet Mellitus, Abt Pravent & Versorgung, Univ Klinikum Carl Gustav Carus,Diabet Med Klin 3, D-01307 Dresden, Germany. [Albright, A. L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Diabet Translat, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Schwarz, PEH (reprint author), Tech Univ Dresden, Div Prevent & Care Diabet Mellitus, Abt Pravent & Versorgung, Univ Klinikum Carl Gustav Carus,Diabet Med Klin 3, Fetscherstr 74, D-01307 Dresden, Germany. EM peter.schwarz@uniklinikum-dresden.de RI Schwarz, Peter/B-5127-2013 OI Schwarz, Peter/0000-0001-6317-7880 FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 31 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 9 PU GEORG THIEME VERLAG KG PI STUTTGART PA RUDIGERSTR 14, D-70469 STUTTGART, GERMANY SN 0018-5043 J9 HORM METAB RES JI Horm. Metab. Res. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 43 IS 13 BP 907 EP 910 DI 10.1055/s-0031-1295462 PG 4 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 863IG UT WOS:000298155400002 PM 22161250 ER PT J AU Schmidt, DJ Pickett, BE Camacho, D Comach, G Xhaja, K Lennon, NJ Rizzolo, K de Bosch, N Becerra, A Nogueira, ML Mondini, A da Silva, EV Vasconcelos, PF Munoz-Jordan, JL Santiago, GA Ocazionez, R Gehrke, L Lefkowitz, EJ Birren, BW Henn, MR Bosch, I AF Schmidt, D. J. Pickett, B. E. Camacho, D. Comach, G. Xhaja, K. Lennon, N. J. Rizzolo, K. de Bosch, N. Becerra, A. Nogueira, M. L. Mondini, A. da Silva, E. V. Vasconcelos, P. F. Munoz-Jordan, J. L. Santiago, G. A. Ocazionez, R. Gehrke, L. Lefkowitz, E. J. Birren, B. W. Henn, M. R. Bosch, I. TI A phylogenetic analysis using full-length viral genomes of South American dengue serotype 3 in consecutive Venezuelan outbreaks reveals a novel NS5 mutation SO INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE Dengue 3 virus; Phylogeny; E protein; NS5 protein; Venezuela; Whole genome sequence ID VIRUS TYPE-3; MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY; DEPENDENT ENHANCEMENT; POSITIVE SELECTION; HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER; GENETIC DIVERSITY; EVOLUTION; INFECTION; GENOTYPE; DISEASE AB Dengue virus currently causes 50-100 million infections annually. Comprehensive knowledge about the evolution of Dengue in response to selection pressure is currently unavailable, but would greatly enhance vaccine design efforts. In the current study, we sequenced 187 new dengue virus serotype 3 (DENV-3) genotype III whole genomes isolated from Asia and the Americas. We analyzed them together with previously-sequenced isolates to gain a more detailed understanding of the evolutionary adaptations existing in this prevalent American serotype. In order to analyze the phylogenetic dynamics of DENV-3 during outbreak periods; we incorporated datasets of 48 and 11 sequences spanning two major outbreaks in Venezuela during 2001 and 2007-2008, respectively. Our phylogenetic analysis of newly sequenced viruses shows that subsets of genomes cluster primarily by geographic location, and secondarily by time of virus isolation. DENV-3 genotype III sequences from Asia are significantly divergent from those from the Americas due to their geographical separation and subsequent speciation. We measured amino acid variation for the E protein by calculating the Shannon entropy at each position between Asian and American genomes. We found a cluster of seven amino acid substitutions having high variability within E protein domain III, which has previously been implicated in serotype-specific neutralization escape mutants. No novel mutations were found in the E protein of sequences isolated during either Venezuelan outbreak. Shannon entropy analysis of the NS5 polymerase mature protein revealed that a G374E mutation, in a region that contributes to interferon resistance in other flaviviruses by interfering with JAK-STAT signaling was present in both the Asian and American sequences from the 2007-2008 Venezuelan outbreak, but was absent in the sequences from the 2001 Venezuelan outbreak. In addition to E, several NS5 amino acid changes were unique to the 2007-2008 epidemic in Venezuela and may give additional insight into the adaptive response of DENV-3 at the population level. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Gehrke, L.; Bosch, I.] MIT, Div Hlth Sci & Technol, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Schmidt, D. J.; Xhaja, K.; Rizzolo, K.; Becerra, A.; Bosch, I.] Univ Massachusetts, Sch Med, Worcester, MA USA. [Pickett, B. E.; Lefkowitz, E. J.] Univ Alabama, Birmingham, AL USA. [Camacho, D.; Comach, G.] Univ Carabobo, Maracay, Venezuela. [Lennon, N. J.; Rizzolo, K.; Birren, B. W.; Henn, M. R.] Broad Inst MIT & Harvard, Cambridge, MA USA. [de Bosch, N.; Becerra, A.] Cent Univ Venezuela, Banco Municipal Sangre Dist Capital Caracas, Caracas, Venezuela. [Nogueira, M. L.; Mondini, A.] Fac Med Sao Jose do Rio Preto, Lab Pesquisas Virol, Dept Doencas Infecciosas & Parasitarias, Sao Jose Do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil. [da Silva, E. V.; Vasconcelos, P. F.] Univ Fed Minas Gerais, Inst Ciencias Biol, Dept Bioquim & Imunol, Inst Nacl Ciencia & Tecnol Dengue, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. [da Silva, E. V.; Vasconcelos, P. F.] Inst Nacl Ciencia & Tecnol Febres Hemorrag Virais, Inst Evandro Chagas, Minist Saude, Ananindeua, Para, Brazil. [Munoz-Jordan, J. L.; Santiago, G. A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, San Juan, PR USA. [Ocazionez, R.] Univ Ind Santander, Santander, Colombia. RP Bosch, I (reprint author), MIT, Div Hlth Sci & Technol, 77 Mass Ave E25-430, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. EM ibosch@mit.edu RI Nogueira, Mauricio/B-7599-2012; Mondini, Adriano/F-7446-2012; OI Nogueira, Mauricio/0000-0003-1102-2419; Mondini, Adriano/0000-0002-5557-9721; Lefkowitz, Elliot/0000-0002-4748-4925 FU FAPESP; INCT-CNpq, Brazil; NIH/NIAID [HHSN266200400036C]; National Institutes of Health [HHSN266 200400001C] FX MLN is supported by a FAPESP grant and AM is supported by INCT-CNpq, Brazil. BEP and EJL are supported by NIH/NIAID Contract No. HHSN266200400036C. This project was funded in part by the National Institutes of Health, contract HHSN266 200400001C (B.W.B.). NR 56 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1567-1348 J9 INFECT GENET EVOL JI Infect. Genet. Evol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 11 IS 8 BP 2011 EP 2019 DI 10.1016/j.meegid.2011.09.010 PG 9 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 871YV UT WOS:000298774500022 PM 21964598 ER PT J AU Xu, JP Christman, MC Donis, RO Lu, GQ AF Xu, Jianpeng Christman, Mary C. Donis, Ruben O. Lu, Guoqing TI Evolutionary dynamics of influenza A nucleoprotein (NP) lineages revealed by large-scale sequence analyses SO INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE Influenza; Nucleoprotein (NP); Lineage; Substitution rate; TMRCA; Selection ID VIRUS NUCLEOPROTEIN; M-GENE; SWINE; HEMAGGLUTININ; TRANSMISSION; SELECTION; ORIGINS; EMERGENCE; PANDEMICS; ALIGNMENT AB Influenza A viral nucleoprotein (NP) plays a critical role in virus replication and host adaptation, however, the underlying molecular evolutionary dynamics of NP lineages are less well-understood. In this study, large-scale analyses of 5094 NP nucleotide sequences revealed eight distinct evolutionary lineages, including three host-specific lineages (human, classical swine and equine), two cross-host lineages (Eurasian avian-like swine and swine-origin human pandemic H1N1 2009) and three geographically isolated avian lineages (Eurasian, North American and Oceanian). The average nucleotide substitution rate of the NP lineages was estimated to be 2.4 x 10(-3) substitutions per site per year, with the highest value observed in pandemic H1N1 2009 (3.4 x 10(-3)) and the lowest in equine (0.9 x 10(-3)). The estimated time of most recent common ancestor (TMRCA) for each lineage demonstrated that the earliest human lineage was derived around 1906, and the latest pandemic H1N1 2009 lineage dated back to December 17, 2008. A marked time gap was found between the times when the viruses emerged and were first sampled, suggesting the crucial role for long-term surveillance of newly emerging viruses. The selection analyses showed that human lineage had six positive selection sites, whereas pandemic H1N1 2009, classical swine, Eurasian avian and Eurasian swine had only one or two sites. Protein structure analyses revealed several positive selection sites located in epitope regions or host adaptation regions, indicating strong adaptation to host immune system pressures in influenza viruses. Along with previous studies, this study provides new insights into the evolutionary dynamics of influenza A NP lineages. Further lineage analyses of other gene segments will allow better understanding of influenza A virus evolution and assist in the improvement of global influenza surveillance. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Xu, Jianpeng; Christman, Mary C.; Lu, Guoqing] Univ Nebraska, Dept Biol, Omaha, NE 68182 USA. [Donis, Ruben O.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Mol Virol & Vaccines Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Lu, GQ (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Dept Biol, Omaha, NE 68182 USA. EM jianpenxu@unomaha.edu; mchristman@unomaha.edu; rvd6@cdc.gov; glu3@unomaha.edu FU NIH [R01 LM009985-01A1]; UCRCA; University of Nebraska at Omaha FX This publication was made possible by NIH Grant No. R01 LM009985-01A1. The authors also acknowledge the UCRCA, the University of Nebraska at Omaha, for continuous funding support to this research program. The authors are grateful to Andy Zhong and Todd Herpy for their help with structural analysis. NR 58 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1567-1348 J9 INFECT GENET EVOL JI Infect. Genet. Evol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 11 IS 8 BP 2125 EP 2132 DI 10.1016/j.meegid.2011.07.002 PG 8 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 871YV UT WOS:000298774500038 PM 21763464 ER PT J AU Coble, J Thomas, KW Hines, CJ Hoppin, JA Dosemeci, M Curwin, B Lubin, JH Freeman, LEB Blair, A Sandler, DP Alavanja, MCR AF Coble, Joseph Thomas, Kent W. Hines, Cynthia J. Hoppin, Jane A. Dosemeci, Mustafa Curwin, Brian Lubin, Jay H. Freeman, Laura E. Beane Blair, Aaron Sandler, Dale P. Alavanja, Michael C. R. TI An Updated Algorithm for Estimation of Pesticide Exposure Intensity in the Agricultural Health Study SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article DE pesticides; exposure algorithm; epidemiology; 2,4-D; chlorpyrifos; captan ID FARM APPLICATORS AB An algorithm developed to estimate pesticide exposure intensity for use in epidemiologic analyses was revised based on data from two exposure monitoring studies. In the first study, we estimated relative exposure intensity based on the results of measurements taken during the application of the herbicide 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) (n = 88) and the insecticide chlorpyrifos (n = 17). Modifications to the algorithm weighting factors were based on geometric means (GM) of post-application urine concentrations for applicators grouped by application method and use of chemically-resistant (CR) gloves. Measurement data from a second study were also used to evaluate relative exposure levels associated with airblast as compared to hand spray application methods. Algorithm modifications included an increase in the exposure reduction factor for use of CR gloves from 40% to 60%, an increase in the application method weight for boom spray relative to in-furrow and for air blast relative to hand spray, and a decrease in the weight for mixing relative to the new weights assigned for application methods. The weighting factors for the revised algorithm now incorporate exposure measurements taken on Agricultural Health Study (AHS) participants for the application methods and personal protective equipment (PPE) commonly reported by study participants. C1 [Coble, Joseph; Dosemeci, Mustafa; Freeman, Laura E. Beane; Blair, Aaron; Alavanja, Michael C. R.] NCI, Occupat & Environm Epidemiol Branch, Div Canc Epidemiol & Genet, NIH,DHHS, Rockville, MD 20892 USA. [Thomas, Kent W.] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Off Res & Dev, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Hines, Cynthia J.; Curwin, Brian] NIOSH, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Hoppin, Jane A.; Sandler, Dale P.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Epidemiol Branch, NIH, DHHS, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Lubin, Jay H.] NCI, Biostat Branch, Div Canc Epidemiol & Genet, NIH,DHHS, Rockville, MD 20892 USA. RP Alavanja, MCR (reprint author), NCI, Occupat & Environm Epidemiol Branch, Div Canc Epidemiol & Genet, NIH,DHHS, 1620 Execut Blvd, Rockville, MD 20892 USA. EM coble.joe@dol.gov; thomas.kent@epa.gov; cjh8@cdc.gov; hoppin1@niehs.nih.gov; dosemecia@ninds.nih.gov; bic4@cdc.gov; lubinj@exchange.nih.gov; freemala@mail.nih.gov; blaira@exchange.nih.gov; sandler@niehs.nih.gov; alavanjm@mail.nih.gov RI Beane Freeman, Laura/C-4468-2015; OI Beane Freeman, Laura/0000-0003-1294-4124; Sandler, Dale/0000-0002-6776-0018 FU NIH: National Cancer Institute [Z01-CP010119-12]; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [Z01-ES049030-1]; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health; United State Environmental Protection Agency [68-D99-011, 68-D99-012]; [DW-75-93912801-0] FX This work has been supported in part by the Intramural Research Program of the NIH: National Cancer Institute (Z01-CP010119-12) and National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (Z01-ES049030-1) and by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health and the United State Environmental Protection Agency. The United States Environmental Protection Agency also funded, in part, the research described here under Contracts 68-D99-011 and 68-D99-012, and through Interagency Agreement DW-75-93912801-0. We thank the participants of the Agricultural Health Study for their valuable contributions to this research. NR 15 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 2 U2 18 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1660-4601 J9 INT J ENV RES PUB HE JI Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health PD DEC PY 2011 VL 8 IS 12 BP 4608 EP 4622 DI 10.3390/ijerph8124608 PG 15 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 866TL UT WOS:000298406600013 PM 22408592 ER PT J AU Tatti, KM Sparks, KN Boney, KO Tondella, ML AF Tatti, Kathleen M. Sparks, Kansas N. Boney, Kathryn O. Tondella, Maria Lucia TI Novel Multitarget Real-Time PCR Assay for Rapid Detection of Bordetella Species in Clinical Specimens SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; PERTUSSIS-LIKE SYMPTOMS; FIELD GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS; HOLMESII; PARAPERTUSSIS; DNA; DIAGNOSIS; IS481; RECOMMENDATIONS; BRONCHISEPTICA AB A novel multitarget real-time PCR (RT-PCR) assay for the rapid identification of Bordetella pertussis, B. parapertussis, and B. holmesii was developed using multicopy insertion sequences (ISs) in combination with the pertussis toxin subunit S1 (ptxS1) singleplex assay. The RT-PCR targets for the multiplex assay include IS481, commonly found in B. pertussis and B. holmesii; IS1001 of B. parapertussis; and the IS1001-like sequence of B. holmesii. Overall, 402 Bordetella species and 66 non-Bordetella species isolates were tested in the multitarget assay. Cross-reactivity was found only with 5 B. bronchiseptica isolates, which were positive with IS1001 of B. parapertussis. The lower limit of detection (LLOD) of the multiplex assay was similar to the LLOD of each target in an individual assay format, which was approximately 1 genomic equivalent per reaction for all targets. A total of 197 human clinical specimens obtained during cough-illness outbreak investigations were used to evaluate the multitarget RT-PCR assay. The multiplex assay results from 87 clinical specimens were compared to the individual RT-PCR assay and culture results. The multitarget assay is useful as a diagnostic tool to confirm B. pertussis infections and to rapidly identify other Bordetella species. In conclusion, the use of this multitarget RT-PCR approach increases specificity, while it decreases the amount of time, reagents, and specimen necessary for RT-PCRs used for accurate diagnosis of pertussis-like illness. C1 [Tatti, Kathleen M.; Sparks, Kansas N.; Boney, Kathryn O.; Tondella, Maria Lucia] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Div Bacterial Dis, Meningitis & Vaccine Preventable Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Tatti, KM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Div Bacterial Dis, Meningitis & Vaccine Preventable Dis Branch, Mailstop D11, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM ket2@cdc.gov RI Tatti, Kathleen/H-5912-2012 OI Tatti, Kathleen/0000-0001-9414-7887 NR 33 TC 53 Z9 55 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 49 IS 12 BP 4059 EP 4066 DI 10.1128/JCM.00601-11 PG 8 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 862SC UT WOS:000298113400006 PM 21940464 ER PT J AU McAllister, SK Albrecht, VS Fosheim, GE Lowery, HK Peters, PJ Gorwitz, R Guest, JL Hageman, J Mindley, R McDougal, LK Rimland, D Limbago, B AF McAllister, S. K. Albrecht, V. S. Fosheim, G. E. Lowery, H. K. Peters, P. J. Gorwitz, R. Guest, J. L. Hageman, J. Mindley, R. McDougal, L. K. Rimland, D. Limbago, B. TI Evaluation of the Impact of Direct Plating, Broth Enrichment, and Specimen Source on Recovery and Diversity of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Isolates among HIV-Infected Outpatients SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SOFT-TISSUE INFECTIONS; NASAL COLONIZATION; CHROMAGAR MRSA; RISK-FACTORS; UNITED-STATES; SURVEILLANCE CULTURES; ACTIVE SURVEILLANCE; CHROMOGENIC MEDIUM; SKIN INFECTIONS; COMMUNITY AB We compared recovery of Staphylococcus aureus and methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) from nasal and groin swab specimens of 600 HIV-infected outpatients by selective and nonselective direct plating and broth enrichment. Swabs were collected at baseline, 6-month, and 12-month visits and cultured by direct plating to mannitol salt agar (MSA) and CHROMagar MRSA (CM) and overnight broth enrichment with subculture to MSA (broth). MRSA isolates were characterized by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec) typing, and PCR for the Panton-Valentine leukocidin. At each visit, 13 to 15% of patients were colonized with MRSA and 30 to 33% were colonized with methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA). Broth, CM, and MSA detected 95%, 82%, and 76% of MRSA-positive specimens, respectively. MRSA recovery was significantly higher from broth than CM (P <= 0.001) or MSA (P <= 0.001); there was no significant difference in recovery between MSA and CM. MSSA recovery also increased significantly when using broth than when using MSA (P <= 0.001). Among specimens collected from the groin, broth, CM, and MSA detected 88%, 54%, and 49% of the MRSA-positive isolates, respectively. Broth enrichment had a greater impact on recovery of MRSA from the groin than from the nose compared to both CM (P <= 0.001) and MSA (P <= 0.001). Overall, 19% of MRSA-colonized patients would have been missed with nasal swab specimen culture only. USA500/ Iberian and USA300 were the most common MRSA strains recovered, and USA300 was more likely than other strain types to be recovered from the groin than from the nose (P = 0.05). C1 [Limbago, B.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Lowery, H. K.; Guest, J. L.; Mindley, R.; Rimland, D.] Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Atlanta, GA 30033 USA. RP Limbago, B (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS C16, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM blimbago@cdc.gov NR 53 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 49 IS 12 BP 4126 EP 4130 DI 10.1128/JCM.05323-11 PG 5 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 862SC UT WOS:000298113400018 PM 21998435 ER PT J AU Dong, C Meng, JH Dai, X Liang, JH Feagins, AR Meng, XJ Belfiore, NM Bradford, C Corn, JL Cray, C Glass, GE Gordon, ML Hesse, RA Montgomery, DL Nicholson, WL Pilny, AA Ramamoorthy, S Shaver, DD Drobeniuc, J Purdy, MA Fields, HA Kamili, S Teo, CG AF Dong, Chen Meng, Jihong Dai, Xing Liang, Jiu-Hong Feagins, Alicia R. Meng, Xiang-Jin Belfiore, Natalia M. Bradford, Carol Corn, Joseph L. Cray, Carolyn Glass, Gregory E. Gordon, Melvin L. Hesse, Richard A. Montgomery, Donald L. Nicholson, William L. Pilny, Anthony A. Ramamoorthy, Sheela Shaver, Douglas D. Drobeniuc, Jan Purdy, Michael A. Fields, Howard A. Kamili, Saleem Teo, Chong-Gee TI Restricted Enzooticity of Hepatitis E Virus Genotypes 1 to 4 in the United States SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID XINJIANG AUTONOMOUS REGION; CROSS-SPECIES INFECTION; ANTI-HEV ANTIBODIES; SEROLOGICAL EVIDENCE; SEQUENCES ANALYSIS; DOMESTIC-ANIMALS; IMMUNOGLOBULIN-M; EASTERN CHINA; WILD RATS; SWINE AB Hepatitis E is recognized as a zoonosis, and swine are known reservoirs, but how broadly enzootic its causative agent, hepatitis E virus (HEV), is remains controversial. To determine the prevalence of HEV infection in animals, a serological assay with capability to detect anti-HEV-antibody across a wide variety of animal species was devised. Recombinant antigens comprising truncated capsid proteins generated from HEV-subgenomic constructs that represent all four viral genotypes were used to capture anti-HEV in the test sample and as an analyte reporter. To facilitate development and validation of the assay, serum samples were assembled from blood donors (n = 372), acute hepatitis E patients (n = 94), five laboratory animals (rhesus monkey, pig, New Zealand rabbit, Wistar rat, and BALB/c mouse) immunized with HEV antigens, and four pigs experimentally infected with HEV. The assay was then applied to 4,936 sera collected from 35 genera of animals that were wild, feral, domesticated, or otherwise held captive in the United States. Test positivity was determined in 457 samples (9.3%). These originated from: bison (3/65, 4.6%), cattle (174/1,156, 15%), dogs (2/212, 0.9%), Norway rats (2/318, 0.6%), farmed swine (267/648, 41.2%), and feral swine (9/306, 2.9%). Only the porcine samples yielded the highest reactivities. HEV RNA was amplified from one farmed pig and two feral pigs and characterized by nucleotide sequencing to belong to genotype 3. HEV infected farmed swine primarily, and the role of other animals as reservoirs of its zoonotic spread appears to be limited. C1 [Dong, Chen; Meng, Jihong; Dai, Xing; Liang, Jiu-Hong] Southeast Univ, Sch Med, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. [Dong, Chen; Meng, Jihong; Dai, Xing; Drobeniuc, Jan; Purdy, Michael A.; Fields, Howard A.; Kamili, Saleem; Teo, Chong-Gee] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Nicholson, William L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Feagins, Alicia R.; Meng, Xiang-Jin] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Biomed Sci & Pathobiol, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Belfiore, Natalia M.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Anim Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Bradford, Carol] Potawatomi Zoo, South Bend, IN USA. [Corn, Joseph L.] Univ Georgia, Coll Vet Med, SE Cooperat Wildlife Dis Study, Athens, GA USA. [Cray, Carolyn] Univ Miami, Miller Sch Med, Dept Pathol, Div Comparat Pathol, Miami, FL 33136 USA. [Glass, Gregory E.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Baltimore, MD USA. [Hesse, Richard A.] Kansas State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Gordon, Melvin L.] Furkids, Atlanta, GA USA. [Montgomery, Donald L.] Univ Wyoming, Dept Vet Sci, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. [Pilny, Anthony A.] Anim Specialty Ctr, Yonkers, NY USA. [Ramamoorthy, Sheela] Iowa State Univ, Vet Diagnost Lab, Ames, IA USA. [Shaver, Douglas D.] Shaver Vet Hosp, Tuscaloosa, AL USA. RP Meng, JH (reprint author), Southeast Univ, Sch Med, 87 Dingjiaqiao Rd, Nanjing 210009, Jiangsu, Peoples R China. EM jihongmeng@163.com; CTeo@cdc.gov RI Meng, X.J./B-8769-2009 OI Meng, X.J./0000-0002-2739-1334 FU NSF [EF0525751] FX G.E.G. was supported by NSF grant EF0525751. NR 72 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 1 U2 20 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 EI 1098-660X J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 49 IS 12 BP 4164 EP 4172 DI 10.1128/JCM.05481-11 PG 9 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 862SC UT WOS:000298113400024 PM 21998412 ER PT J AU Limbago, BM Rasheed, JK Anderson, KF Zhu, WM Kitchel, B Watz, N Munro, S Gans, H Banaei, N Kallen, AJ AF Limbago, Brandi M. Rasheed, J. Kamile Anderson, Karen F. Zhu, Wenming Kitchel, Brandon Watz, Nancy Munro, Susan Gans, Hayley Banaei, Niaz Kallen, Alex J. TI IMP-Producing Carbapenem-Resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae in the United States SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID METALLO-BETA-LACTAMASE; PSEUDOMONAS-AERUGINOSA; IMIPENEM RESISTANCE; ENTEROBACTER-CLOACAE; NOSOCOMIAL OUTBREAK; CLINICAL ISOLATE; PLASMID; KPC; EPIDEMIOLOGY; EMERGENCE AB The emergence and spread of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) producing acquired carbapenemases have created a global public health crisis. In the United States, CRE producing the Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC) are increasingly common and are endemic in some regions. Metallo-beta-lactamase (MBL)-producing CRE have recently been reported in the United States among patients who received medical care in countries where such organisms are common. Here, we describe three carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae isolates recovered from pediatric patients at a single U. S. health care facility, none of whom had a history of international travel. The isolates were resistant to carbapenems but susceptible to aztreonam, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, and fluoroquinolones. The three isolates were closely related to each other by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and contained a common plasmid. PCR and sequence analysis confirmed that these isolates produce IMP-4, an MBL carbapenemase not previously published as present among Enterobacteriaceae in the United States. C1 [Limbago, Brandi M.; Rasheed, J. Kamile; Anderson, Karen F.; Zhu, Wenming; Kitchel, Brandon; Kallen, Alex J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Watz, Nancy; Munro, Susan; Gans, Hayley; Banaei, Niaz] Stanford Hosp & Clin, Palo Alto, CA USA. RP Limbago, BM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS C16, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM blimbago@cdc.gov NR 45 TC 24 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 49 IS 12 BP 4239 EP 4245 DI 10.1128/JCM.05297-11 PG 7 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 862SC UT WOS:000298113400036 PM 21998425 ER PT J AU Lockhart, SR Bolden, CB Iqbal, N Kuykendall, RJ AF Lockhart, Shawn R. Bolden, Carol B. Iqbal, Naureen Kuykendall, Randall J. TI Validation of 24-Hour Flucytosine MIC Determination by Comparison with 48-Hour Determination by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute M27-A3 Broth Microdilution Reference Method SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID COLORIMETRIC ANTIFUNGAL PANEL; HOSPITAL RESOURCE UTILIZATION; INFECTIOUS-DISEASES SOCIETY; CANDIDA SPP.; PRACTICE GUIDELINES; NATIONAL-COMMITTEE; FLUCONAZOLE; THERAPY; SURVEILLANCE; VORICONAZOLE AB Flucytosine and itraconazole are the only antifungal agents for which the Clinical Laboratory and Standards Institute recommendations include MIC breakpoint readings at 48 h only. Here we show good essential and categorical agreement between the flucytosine MIC readings at 48 and 24 h for Candida species. C1 [Lockhart, Shawn R.; Bolden, Carol B.; Iqbal, Naureen; Kuykendall, Randall J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mycot Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Lockhart, SR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mycot Dis Branch, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mail Stop G-11, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM gyi2@cdc.gov FU CDC Antimicrobial Resistance Working Group FX We acknowledge the CDC Antimicrobial Resistance Working Group for funding this study. NR 31 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 49 IS 12 BP 4322 EP 4325 DI 10.1128/JCM.05479-11 PG 4 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 862SC UT WOS:000298113400052 PM 22012016 ER PT J AU Li, W Kiulia, NM Mwenda, JM Nyachieo, A Taylor, MB Zhang, XC Xiao, LH AF Li, Wei Kiulia, Nicholas M. Mwenda, Jason M. Nyachieo, Atunga Taylor, Maureen B. Zhang, Xichen Xiao, Lihua TI Cyclospora papionis, Cryptosporidium hominis, and Human-Pathogenic Enterocytozoon bieneusi in Captive Baboons in Kenya SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION; IDENTIFICATION; MICROSPORIDIA; GENOTYPES; PORTUGAL; SEQUENCE; CHILDREN; ANIMALS; MAMMALS; SPP. AB Cyclospora papionis, Cryptosporidium hominis, and Enterocytozoon bieneusi were detected in 42 (17.9%), 6 (2.6%), and 29 (12.3%) of 235 newly captured baboons in Kenya, respectively. Most C. hominis subtypes and E. bieneusi genotypes found have been detected in humans in the area, suggesting that cross-species transmission of cryptosporidiosis and microsporidiosis is possible. C1 [Xiao, Lihua] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Li, Wei; Zhang, Xichen] Jilin Univ, Coll Anim Sci & Vet Med, Changchun 130062, Peoples R China. [Kiulia, Nicholas M.; Mwenda, Jason M.; Nyachieo, Atunga] Inst Primate Res, Enter Viruses Res Grp, Nairobi 00502, Kenya. [Taylor, Maureen B.] Univ Pretoria, Fac Hlth Sci, Dept Med Virol, ZA-0001 Pretoria, South Africa. [Taylor, Maureen B.] Natl Hlth Lab Serv Tshwane Acad Div, Dept Med Virol, ZA-0001 Pretoria, South Africa. RP Xiao, LH (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Bldg 23,Mail Stop D-66,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM lxiao@cdc.gov RI Xiao, Lihua/B-1704-2013; Kiulia, Nicholas /B-8655-2015; Taylor, Maureen/D-2171-2017; OI Xiao, Lihua/0000-0001-8532-2727; Kiulia, Nicholas /0000-0001-8754-4227; Taylor, Maureen/0000-0002-2780-5795; Li, Wei/0000-0002-4264-1864 FU Institutional Review Committee (IRC); Animal Care and Use Committee (ACUC) of the Institute of Primate Research FX This study was approved by the Institutional Review Committee (IRC) and the Animal Care and Use Committee (ACUC) of the Institute of Primate Research. NR 14 TC 37 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 49 IS 12 BP 4326 EP 4329 DI 10.1128/JCM.05051-11 PG 4 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 862SC UT WOS:000298113400053 PM 21956988 ER PT J AU Lockhart, SR AF Lockhart, Shawn R. TI Do Hospital Microbiology Laboratories Still Need To Distinguish Candida albicans from Candida dubliniensis? SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Letter ID C-DUBLINIENSIS; SURVEILLANCE; FLUCONAZOLE; SUSCEPTIBILITIES; RESISTANCE C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mycot Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Lockhart, SR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mycot Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM gyi2@cdc.gov NR 11 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 49 IS 12 BP 4415 EP 4415 DI 10.1128/JCM.05923-11 PG 1 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 862SC UT WOS:000298113400081 PM 21998427 ER PT J AU Branson, BM Mermin, J AF Branson, Bernard M. Mermin, Jonathan TI Establishing the diagnosis of HIV infection: New tests and a new algorithm for the United States SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL VIROLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material ID IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS-INFECTION; ANTIBODY SEROCONVERSION C1 [Branson, Bernard M.; Mermin, Jonathan] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Branson, BM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mailstop D-21, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM bmb2@cdc.gov RI Mermin, Jonathan/J-9847-2012 NR 25 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 2 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1386-6532 J9 J CLIN VIROL JI J. Clin. Virol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 52 SU 1 BP S3 EP S4 DI 10.1016/j.jcv.2011.09.024 PG 2 WC Virology SC Virology GA 863FZ UT WOS:000298149500002 PM 21993308 ER PT J AU Chavez, P Wesolowski, L Patel, P Delaney, K Owen, SM AF Chavez, Pollyanna Wesolowski, Laura Patel, Pragna Delaney, Kevin Owen, S. Michele TI Evaluation of the performance of the Abbott ARCHITECT HIV Ag/Ab Combo Assay SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL VIROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Antigen/antibody combination assay; HIV; Testing; Acute HIV infection; AHI ID ENZYME-IMMUNOASSAY; SCREENING ASSAYS; P24 ANTIGEN; INFECTION; ANTIBODY; DIAGNOSIS; TRANSMISSION; EXPERIENCE; DONORS; TESTS AB Background: Worldwide, many countries test for HIV infection using combination assays that simultaneously detect p24 antigen and HIV antibodies. One such assay, the ARCHITECT (R) HIV Ag/Ab Combo Assay (ARCHITECT), has recently been approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for use in the United States. Objective: To evaluate the performance of ARCHITECT on well-characterized specimens from four CDC-funded studies. Study design: We evaluated 3386 HIV-infected, 7551 HIV-uninfected, and 58 acute HIV infection (AHI) specimens. HIV-infected specimens were repeatedly reactive by enzyme immunoassay (EIA) and Western blot (WB) or positive by nucleic acid amplification testing (NAAT). HIV-uninfected specimens were EIA- and NAAT-negative. AHI specimens were seronegative or indeterminate (using antibody-based EIAs, rapid tests or WB) and NAAT-positive. All specimens were de-identified and sent to Abbott Diagnostics for testing with ARCHITECT. ARCHITECT test results were compared to original study characterizations and were used to assess overall sensitivity and specificity and also sensitivity for AHI. ARCHITECT false-positive specimens with sufficient quantity were retested. Results: Based on results from the initial ARCHITECT test, sensitivity was 99.94% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 99.79, 99.99) and specificity was 98.78% (95% CI: 98.51-99.01). Repeat testing resulted in corrected specificity of 99.50% (95% CI: 99.31, 99.64). Also, 48 AHI specimens (83%) were detected by this screening assay. Conclusion: The sensitivity and specificity of the ARCHITECT combination assay are very high and most AHIs were detected by the assay. Use of Ag/Ab combination assays may improve the number of AHIs identified relative to existing FDA-approved HIV-antibody only based serologic assays, particularly in high incidence populations. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Chavez, Pollyanna; Wesolowski, Laura; Patel, Pragna; Delaney, Kevin; Owen, S. Michele] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Chavez, P (reprint author), CDC, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Mailstop E46,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM pchavez@cdc.gov NR 28 TC 46 Z9 47 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1386-6532 J9 J CLIN VIROL JI J. Clin. Virol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 52 SU 1 BP S51 EP S55 DI 10.1016/j.jcv.2011.09.010 PG 5 WC Virology SC Virology GA 863FZ UT WOS:000298149500011 PM 21983253 ER PT J AU Delaney, KP Heffelfinger, JD Wesolowski, LG Owen, SM Meyer, WA Kennedy, S Uniyal, A Kerndt, PR Branson, BM AF Delaney, Kevin P. Heffelfinger, James D. Wesolowski, Laura G. Owen, S. Michele Meyer, William A., III Kennedy, Susan Uniyal, Apurva Kerndt, Peter R. Branson, Bernard M. TI Performance of an alternative laboratory-based algorithm for HIV diagnosis in a high-risk population SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL VIROLOGY LA English DT Article DE HIV testing; Algorithm; Sensitivity; Specificity; HIV RNA assay ID UNITED-STATES; INFECTION; TRANSMISSION; STAGE; TESTS; RNA AB Background: An immunoassay (IA) followed by Western blot (WB) or immunofluorescence assay has been the primary algorithm used to provide laboratory confirmation of the diagnosis of HIV infection in the US for more than 20 years. Recently, an alternative diagnostic algorithm was proposed to more accurately identify early HIV-1 infection and differentiate between HIV-1 and HIV-2 infection. Objectives: Evaluate a sequential alternative algorithm in which reactive IAs are followed by a rapid HIV test and, if negative, a nucleic acid amplification test (NAAT). Study design: Specimens from high-risk persons were tested with 4 HIV IAs, 6 rapid HIV tests and NAAT (APTIMA (R)), which are approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration. IAs were repeated in duplicate if specimen volumes were sufficient. The performance of the alternative algorithm was compared to HIV WB and NAAT. Results: The original study classified 377 specimens as HIV-positive and 3070 as HIV-negative. All 4 IAs correctly identified >99.5% of HIV-positive specimens and, on initial screening, >95.8% of HIV-negative specimens. When repeated, specificity of IAs improved to >99%. Between 6.7% and 12.4% of IA-repeatedly reactive specimens required APTIMA for resolution. The alternative algorithm led to the correct classification of all IA-reactive specimens. Conclusions: Regardless of screening IA and rapid test used, the alternative algorithm correctly classified the infection status of all persons with reactive screening IA results. Few specimens required NAAT for resolution, and the proportion requiring NAAT was lower when repeat IA test results were considered. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Delaney, Kevin P.; Heffelfinger, James D.; Wesolowski, Laura G.; Owen, S. Michele; Kennedy, Susan; Branson, Bernard M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Meyer, William A., III] Quest Diagnost, Baltimore, MD 21227 USA. [Uniyal, Apurva; Kerndt, Peter R.] STD Control Program, Los Angeles Cty Dept Hlth, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Delaney, KP (reprint author), 1600 Clifton Rd,Mailstop E-46, Atlanta, GA USA. EM kdelaney@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX This work was funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 18 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1386-6532 J9 J CLIN VIROL JI J. Clin. Virol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 52 SU 1 BP S5 EP S10 DI 10.1016/j.jcv.2011.09.013 PG 6 WC Virology SC Virology GA 863FZ UT WOS:000298149500003 PM 22019251 ER PT J AU Ethridge, SF Wesolowski, LG Nasrullah, M Kennedy, MS Delaney, KP Candal, D Owen, SM AF Ethridge, Steven F. Wesolowski, Laura G. Nasrullah, Muazzam Kennedy, M. Susan Delaney, Kevin P. Candal, Debra Owen, S. Michele TI Comparative evaluation of Aptima HIV-1 Qualitative RNA assay performance using plasma and serum specimens from persons with established HIV-1 infection SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL VIROLOGY LA English DT Article DE HIV testing; Algorithm; United States; Nucleic acid amplification test; NAAT ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; DIAGNOSIS; TESTS; SEROCONVERSION; DONORS; BLOOD; TIME AB Background: Blood specimens for HIV testing are frequently collected using serum collection tubes. The Aptima HIV-1 RNA Qualitative test, originally approved for diagnostic use as a supplemental test for use with plasma, is now approved for use with serum, and may be used in new laboratory-based HIV testing algorithms which detect acute and established HIV infections. Objectives: To compare the sensitivity of Aptima using serum and plasma specimens from persons with established HIV infection. Study design: Parallel serum and plasma specimens were collected from 325 persons with established HIV-1 infection who had positive immunoassay (IA) and Western blot (WB) results. Samples with negative Aptima results were considered false-negative and were subjected to repeat testing. Aptima sensitivity for serum and plasma was calculated relative to IA and WB, and compared using the McNemar test. Results: The sensitivity of Aptima using serum (97.23%, 95% confidence interval [CI] 94.81-98.73) was similar to that using plasma (97.54%, 95% [CI] 95.21-98.93) p = 1.00. Five of ten specimens initially false-negative on either serum or plasma were reactive on repeat testing. No specimens initially classified as false-negative on both matrices were reactive on both matrices on repeat testing. Conclusions: In specimens from persons with established infections, Aptima performed with similar sensitivity when used with serum or plasma. Using serum for immunoassay screening and supplemental testing may provide added convenience for laboratories. Published by Elsevier B. V. C1 [Ethridge, Steven F.; Wesolowski, Laura G.; Nasrullah, Muazzam; Kennedy, M. Susan; Delaney, Kevin P.; Candal, Debra; Owen, S. Michele] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Ethridge, SF (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd MS E46, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM sfe1@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [protocol 4209] FX This study was funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (protocol 4209). NR 22 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1386-6532 J9 J CLIN VIROL JI J. Clin. Virol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 52 SU 1 BP S63 EP S66 DI 10.1016/j.jcv.2011.09.019 PG 4 WC Virology SC Virology GA 863FZ UT WOS:000298149500013 PM 21995932 ER PT J AU Masciotra, S McDougal, JS Feldman, J Sprinkle, P Wesolowski, L Owen, SM AF Masciotra, Silvina McDougal, J. Steven Feldman, Jane Sprinkle, Patrick Wesolowski, Laura Owen, S. Michele TI Evaluation of an alternative HIV diagnostic algorithm using specimens from seroconversion panels and persons with established HIV infections SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL VIROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Diagnostic; HIV-1; Algorithm; Laboratory ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; UNITED-STATES; IMMUNOASSAYS; ANTIBODY; ASSAYS; TRANSMISSION; STAGE AB Background: The current algorithm for HIV diagnosis in the US involves screening with an immunoassay (IA) and supplemental testing with Western blot (WB) or immunofluorescence assay. Because of existence of more sensitive and specific FDA-approved assays that would also reduce the cost and turn-around time of testing compared to WB, several alternative algorithms have been evaluated. Recently, an alternative algorithm using a sensitive 3rd or 4th generation IA followed by an HIV-1 and HIV-2 discriminatory supplemental test on the initial IA-positive specimens was proposed. Concordant positive results indicate HIV-positive specimens and discordant results are resolved by nucleic acid amplification testing (NAAT). Objectives: To evaluate the sensitivity of assays during acute HIV infection and the performance of the current and an alternative algorithm using samples from HIV-1 seroconversion panels and persons with established HIV infections. Study design: To evaluate the algorithms in early infections, 26 HIV-1 seroconverters from the US were tested with three 3rd generation and one 4th generation IA, six rapid tests (RTs), one NAAT, and WB. Sensitivity and specificity of the algorithms were calculated by testing an additional 416 HIV-positive and 414 uninfected control samples with one 3rd generation and one 4th generation IA, four RTs, one NAAT, and WB. Results: The individual assays evaluated became positive 5 (RT) to 26 days (NAAT) before WB was positive. Among seroconverters, the alternative algorithm detected significantly more infections than the current algorithm (103-134 versus 56, p < 0.0001). Furthermore, the use of a 4th generation IA instead of a 3rd generation assay as the screen resulted in significantly higher detection of acute infections (p < 0.0001). In contrast, the algorithms performed equally among specimens from established HIV-1 infections. Conclusions: This study demonstrated improved sensitivity of the alternative algorithm for detecting acute HIV-1 infections, while maintaining the ability to accurately detect established HIV-1 infections. Early detection is important as individuals can be highly infectious during acute infection. In addition, the alternative algorithm should reduce turn-around time by using a RT as the supplemental test has the potential to increase the number of test results returned. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Masciotra, Silvina; McDougal, J. Steven; Sprinkle, Patrick; Wesolowski, Laura; Owen, S. Michele] Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Feldman, Jane] Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Northrop Grumman Support Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Masciotra, S (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mailstop A25, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM svm6@cdc.gov NR 28 TC 57 Z9 57 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1386-6532 J9 J CLIN VIROL JI J. Clin. Virol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 52 SU 1 BP S17 EP S22 DI 10.1016/j.jcv.2011.09.011 PG 6 WC Virology SC Virology GA 863FZ UT WOS:000298149500005 PM 21981983 ER PT J AU Nasrullah, M Ethridge, SF Delaney, KP Wesolowski, LG Granade, TC Schwendemann, J Boromisa, RD Heffelfinger, JD Owen, SM Branson, BM AF Nasrullah, Muazzam Ethridge, Steven F. Delaney, Kevin P. Wesolowski, Laura G. Granade, Timothy C. Schwendemann, Joe Boromisa, Robert D. Heffelfinger, James D. Owen, S. Michele Branson, Bernard M. TI Comparison of alternative interpretive criteria for the HIV-1 Western blot and results of the Multispot HIV-1/HIV-2 Rapid Test for classifying HIV-1 and HIV-2 infections SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL VIROLOGY LA English DT Article DE HIV-1; HIV-2; HIV subtype differentiation; HIV-1/HIV-2 Rapid Test; Supplemental HIV testing; HIV-1 Western blot criteria ID IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS TYPE-2; UNITED-STATES; VIRAL LOAD; IN-VIVO; DIAGNOSIS AB Background: HIV-1 Western blot (WB) may be positive in specimens from persons with HIV-2 infection due to cross-reactive antibodies. HIV-1 and HIV-2 infections may be identified using assays designed to differentiate HIV-1 and HIV-2 antibody reactivity. Objectives: To evaluate the ability of the current CDC WB criteria, alternative more stringent HIV-1 WB criteria (2 env plus one gag or pol band) and the Multispot HIV-1/HIV-2 Rapid Test to accurately differentiate HIV-1 and HIV-2 infections. Study design: Two panels were used to determine the ability of each method to properly classify HIV-1 and HIV-2 infections: an HIV-2 panel (n = 114) determined to be HIV-2 antibody-positive by both Multispot and by a validated HIV-2 WB, and 2135 HIV-1/HIV-2 immunoassay repeatedly reactive (IA-RR) specimens from the New York State Department of Health Laboratory (NYS). Results: By CDC WB criteria, 53 (46.5%) HIV-2 panel specimens were HIV-1 WB positive, 60 (52.6%) were indeterminate, and 1 (0.9%) was negative; the alternative WB criteria re-classified 75.5% of the positives as indeterminate. Among 2135 NYS IA-RR specimens, the alternative WB criteria increased the proportion of indeterminates by 0.8%. Only 6 (0.3%) of the NYS specimens were determined to be HIV-2 infections; all 6 were classified either as HIV-1 positive or indeterminate by both WB criteria, but were classified as HIV-2 (n = 4) or HIV-1/2 undifferentiated (n = 2) by Multispot. Conclusions: The alternative WB criteria classified most of the HIV-2 specimens that were HIV-1 positive by CDC criteria as indeterminate, but also slightly increased the proportion of HIV-1 specimens classified as indeterminate. The WB indeterminate specimens would require further testing or follow-up to resolve the infection status, whereas Multispot directly distinguished HIV-1 from HIV-2. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Nasrullah, Muazzam; Ethridge, Steven F.; Delaney, Kevin P.; Wesolowski, Laura G.; Granade, Timothy C.; Heffelfinger, James D.; Owen, S. Michele; Branson, Bernard M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Schwendemann, Joe; Boromisa, Robert D.] Wadworth Ctr, New York State Dept Hlth, Albany, NY USA. RP Nasrullah, M (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, Mailstop E46, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM snasrullah@cdc.gov NR 26 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1386-6532 EI 1873-5967 J9 J CLIN VIROL JI J. Clin. Virol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 52 SU 1 BP S23 EP S27 DI 10.1016/j.jcv.2011.09.020 PG 5 WC Virology SC Virology GA 863FZ UT WOS:000298149500006 PM 21993309 ER PT J AU Wesolowski, LG Delaney, KP Hart, C Dawson, C Owen, SM Candal, D Meyer, WA Ethridge, SF Branson, BM AF Wesolowski, Laura G. Delaney, Kevin P. Hart, Clyde Dawson, Carolyn Owen, S. Michele Candal, Debra Meyer, William A., III Ethridge, Steven F. Branson, Bernard M. TI Performance of an alternative laboratory-based algorithm for diagnosis of HIV infection utilizing a third generation immunoassay, a rapid HIV-1/HIV-2 differentiation test and a DNA or RNA-based nucleic acid amplification test in persons with established HIV-1 infection and blood donors SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL VIROLOGY LA English DT Article DE HIV testing; Algorithm; United States; HIV-2; Nucleic acid amplification test ID TRANSMISSION AB Background: The HIV-1 Western blot (WB) and immunofluorescence assay used to confirm HIV infections are less sensitive during seroconversion than immunoassays (IAs) used for screening. An alternative diagnostic algorithm has been proposed to detect early HIV-1 infection and differentiate HIV-1 from HIV-2. Objectives: We evaluated the performance of an algorithm with a third generation IA that when reactive was followed by a rapid test (Multispot) that differentiates HIV-1 from HIV-2. Multispot-reactive specimens were considered HIV-infected. Multispot-negative specimens were tested with a nucleic acid amplification test (NAAT) for resolution. Study design: WB-positive specimens [serum (n = 2202), plasma (n = 1109) and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) (n = 1065)] were obtained from HIV-infected persons not taking antiretrovirals. HIV-uninfected specimens [plasma (n = 1517) and PBMCs (n = 1508)] with negative IA and NAAT results were obtained from blood donors. Specimens were tested with third generation IAs (Abbott rDNA, ADVIA Centaur, GS HIV1-2 Plus O, Ortho VITROS) in singlet, Multispot, and NAAT (APTIMA (RNA) and AMPLICOR (DNA)). We calculated algorithm sensitivity and specificity and the proportion of IA-reactive specimens requiring NAAT. Results: Algorithm sensitivity was 99.95% with APTIMA and 100% with AMPLICOR. One WB-positive specimen reactive by all IAs and AMPLICOR was negative by Multispot and APTIMA. Algorithm specificity was 100% using APTIMA or AMPLICOR as NAAT. From 0.10% (Abbott) to 2.43% (VITROS) of IA-reactive specimens required NAAT. Conclusions: The proposed algorithm performs with high sensitivity and specificity in specimens from persons with established HIV infection and uninfected blood donors and appears to be a good alternative to the current algorithm. Published by Elsevier B. V. C1 [Wesolowski, Laura G.; Delaney, Kevin P.; Hart, Clyde; Dawson, Carolyn; Owen, S. Michele; Candal, Debra; Ethridge, Steven F.; Branson, Bernard M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Meyer, William A., III] Quest Diagnost, Baltimore, MD 21227 USA. RP Wesolowski, LG (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,NE MS E-46, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM lig7@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX This work was funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 14 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1386-6532 J9 J CLIN VIROL JI J. Clin. Virol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 52 SU 1 BP S45 EP S49 DI 10.1016/j.jcv.2011.09.026 PG 5 WC Virology SC Virology GA 863FZ UT WOS:000298149500010 PM 21995934 ER PT J AU Schulze, TL Jordan, RA Dolan, MC AF Schulze, Terry L. Jordan, Robert A. Dolan, Marc C. TI Experimental Use of Two Standard Tick Collection Methods to Evaluate the Relative Effectiveness of Several Plant-Derived and Synthetic Repellents Against Ixodes scapularis and Amblyomma americanum (Acari: Ixodidae) SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE repellent testing; Ixodes scapularis; Amblyomma americanum ID DISEASE ENDEMIC AREA; LYME-DISEASE; SAMPLING METHODS; RICINUS ACARI; ESSENTIAL OIL; NEW-JERSEY; DAMMINI; DEER; POPULATIONS; PREVALENCE AB We used two standard tick collection methods to test the relative effectiveness of two natural product compounds (nootkatone and carvacrol, classified as an eremophilene sesquiterpene and a monoterpene, respectively, that are derived from botanical sources) with commercially-available plant-derived (EcoSMART Organic Insect Repellent, comprised of plant essential oils) and permethrin-based (Repel Permanone) repellents against Ixodes scapularis Say and Amblyomma americanum (L.). Cloth drags were equally effective in sampling both species of host-seeking nymphs, whereas CO(2) traps attracted primarily A. americanum. All four repellents performed well on drags, with nootkatone and Permanone Repel (100% repelled through 14 d) slightly more effective than carvacrol and EcoSMART (90.7% and 97.7% repelled at 14 d, respectively) at repelling I. scapularis nymphs. Although the same trend in percent repellency was noted in the CO(2) trap trial against both A. americanum nymphs and adults, EcoSMART outperformed Permanone in repelling A. americanum nymphs after 14 d in the drag trial. Generally, the effectiveness of all repellents tested declined over time. The use of tick drags and CO(2) traps was rapid, inexpensive, and easy to use in determining the relative effectiveness of repellents in the field. C1 [Schulze, Terry L.; Jordan, Robert A.] Freehold Area Hlth Dept, Freehold, NJ 07728 USA. [Dolan, Marc C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, US PHS,US Dept HHS, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. RP Jordan, RA (reprint author), Freehold Area Hlth Dept, 1 Municipal Plz, Freehold, NJ 07728 USA. EM rajordanphd@optimum.net FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [1U01CK000105-1, 1U01CK000105-2]; Freehold Township, NJ [1U01CK000105-1, 1U01CK000105-2] FX We thank Patricia Chizmadia, Ray Green, Eric Helms, and John Buble, NWS Earle, and Ken Thoman, Monmouth County Park System, for their continued support. We also thank EcoSMART Technologies, Inc. for providing repellents. The current research was supported by a Cooperative Agreement (1U01CK000105-1,2) between the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and Freehold Township, NJ. NR 29 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 27 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0022-0493 J9 J ECON ENTOMOL JI J. Econ. Entomol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 104 IS 6 BP 2062 EP 2067 DI 10.1603/EC10421 PG 6 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 865AC UT WOS:000298281700038 PM 22299371 ER PT J AU Langevin, SA Bowen, RA Ramey, WN Sanders, TA Maharaj, PD Fang, Y Cornelius, J Barker, CM Reisen, WK Beasley, DWC Barrett, ADT Kinney, RM Huang, CYH Brault, AC AF Langevin, Stanley A. Bowen, Richard A. Ramey, Wanichaya N. Sanders, Todd A. Maharaj, Payal D. Fang, Ying Cornelius, Jennine Barker, Christopher M. Reisen, William K. Beasley, David W. C. Barrett, Alan D. T. Kinney, Richard M. Huang, Claire Y. -H. Brault, Aaron C. TI Envelope and pre-membrane protein structural amino acid mutations mediate diminished avian growth and virulence of a Mexican West Nile virus isolate SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID LOUIS-ENCEPHALITIS-VIRUS; CULEX-PIPIENS DIPTERA; NEW-YORK; YUCATAN PENINSULA; AMERICAN CROWS; DISEASE RISK; INFECTION; FLAVIVIRUS; BIRDS; TRANSMISSION AB The hallmark attribute of North American West Nile virus (WNV) strains has been high pathogenicity in certain bird species. Surprisingly, this avian virulent WNV phenotype has not been observed during its geographical expansion into the Caribbean, Central America and South America. One WNV variant (TM171-03-pp1) isolated in Mexico has demonstrated an attenuated phenotype in two widely distributed North American bird species, American crows (AMCRs) and house sparrows (HOSPs). In order to identify genetic determinants associated with attenuated avian replication of the TM171-03-pp1 variant, chimeric viruses between the NY99 and Mexican strains were generated, and their replicative capacity was assessed in cell culture and in AMCR, HOSP and house finch avian hosts. The results demonstrated that mutations in both the pre-membrane (prM-1141T) and envelope (E-S156P) genes mediated the attenuation phenotype of the WNV TM171-03-pp1 variant in a chicken macrophage cell line and in all three avian species assayed. Inclusion of the prM-I141T and E-5156P TM171-03-pp1 mutations in the NY99 backbone was necessary to achieve the avian attenuation level of the Mexican virus. Furthermore, reciprocal incorporation of both prM-T141I and E-P156S substitutions into the Mexican virus genome was necessary to generate a virus that exhibited avian virulence equivalent to the NY99 virus. These structural changes may indicate the presence of new evolutionary pressures exerted on WNV populations circulating in Latin America or may signify a genetic bottleneck that has constrained their epiornitic potential in alternative geographical locations. C1 [Langevin, Stanley A.; Ramey, Wanichaya N.; Maharaj, Payal D.; Fang, Ying; Cornelius, Jennine; Barker, Christopher M.; Reisen, William K.; Brault, Aaron C.] Univ Calif Davis, Sch Vet Med, Ctr Vectorborne Dis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Langevin, Stanley A.; Ramey, Wanichaya N.; Maharaj, Payal D.; Fang, Ying; Cornelius, Jennine; Barker, Christopher M.; Reisen, William K.; Brault, Aaron C.] Univ Calif Davis, Sch Vet Med, Dept Pathol Microbiol & Immunol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Bowen, Richard A.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Biomed Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Sanders, Todd A.] Colorado Div Wildlife, Ft Collins, CO 80526 USA. [Beasley, David W. C.; Barrett, Alan D. T.] Univ Texas Galveston, Dept Pathol & Microbiol, Ctr Emerging Infect Dis & Biodefense, Inst Human Infect & Immun, Galveston, TX 77555 USA. [Beasley, David W. C.; Barrett, Alan D. T.] Univ Texas Galveston, Dept Immunol, Ctr Emerging Infect Dis & Biodefense, Inst Human Infect & Immun, Galveston, TX 77555 USA. [Kinney, Richard M.; Huang, Claire Y. -H.; Brault, Aaron C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. RP Brault, AC (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Sch Vet Med, Ctr Vectorborne Dis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM abrault@cdc.gov OI Maharaj, Payal/0000-0002-4157-4479 FU National Institutes of Health [AI061822, AI55606]; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CI000235] FX Vincent Martinez and Brian Carroll provided invaluable avian collection and animal husbandry support for this project. Funding for these studies was provided by grants from the National Institutes of Health (AI061822 and A155606) and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention grant (CI000235). Trapping of AMCRs and HOFIs was performed under US Fish and Wildlife Scientific Collecting Permit MB-032526 and MB-082812 and Resident Scientific Collection Permit 801049-02 by the State of California Department of Fish and Game. Collection, husbandry and experimental inoculations of birds were performed under approved UC Davis IACUC protocols. NR 49 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 4 PU SOC GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY PI READING PA MARLBOROUGH HOUSE, BASINGSTOKE RD, SPENCERS WOODS, READING RG7 1AG, BERKS, ENGLAND SN 0022-1317 J9 J GEN VIROL JI J. Gen. Virol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 92 BP 2810 EP 2820 DI 10.1099/vir.0.035535-0 PN 12 PG 11 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology GA 863ZV UT WOS:000298207700014 PM 21865445 ER PT J AU Fadeel, MA Hoffmaster, AR Shi, JR Pimentel, G Stoddard, RA AF Fadeel, Moustafa Abdel Hoffmaster, Alex R. Shi, Jianrong Pimentel, Guillermo Stoddard, Robyn A. TI Comparison of four commercial IgM and IgG ELISA kits for diagnosing brucellosis SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID LINKED-IMMUNOSORBENT-ASSAY; AGGLUTINATION-TEST; TESTS; ANTIBODIES AB Brucellosis is a worldwide zoonotic disease that often requires serology for diagnosis. The serum agglutination test is the gold standard assay, but ELISAs are used by many laboratories. Many commercial ELISAs are available, but few studies have compared their performance. This study compared the ability of four commercially available ELISA kits (from Bio-Quant, Immuno-Biological Laboratories - America, Vircell and Euroimmun) to diagnose brucellosis in patients from Egypt and the USA. The sensitivities for all kits tested, except the Vircell kit, were >90 %, whilst the specificities were variable, with the Bio-Quant assay having a specificity of <40%. Detection of IgG antibody was more sensitive than detection of IgM antibody for diagnosing brucellosis cases, but the specificity was comparable. Overall, there was good agreement between all of the kits except for the Bio-Quant kit. None of the diagnostic assays was 100 % reliable for diagnosing brucellosis; therefore, serology results need to be considered in tandem with patient history, clinical signs and other test results. C1 [Fadeel, Moustafa Abdel; Hoffmaster, Alex R.; Shi, Jianrong; Stoddard, Robyn A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Fadeel, Moustafa Abdel; Pimentel, Guillermo] US Naval Med Res Unit, GDDRP, Cairo, Egypt. RP Stoddard, RA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM rastoddard@cdc.gov RI Valle, Ruben/A-7512-2013; OI Pimentel, Guillermo/0000-0003-2464-1526 FU Emerging Infectious Diseases (EID) Fellowship Program; CDC FX The authors would like to thank Drs Luke Faber, Thomas Buchanan and Arnold Kaufmann for conducting the original study that provided samples from the USA. We would also like to thank Dr Mary Ari for her assistance in obtaining sera and also her input into the study; Dr Deborah Talkington, Jim Pruckler and Christopher Sexton for providing sera for testing the cross-reactivity of assays; Dr Conrad Quinn and Hanan Dababneh for providing sera from healthy individuals in the USA; and Rebekah Tiller and Dr Marta Guerra for a critical review of the manuscript. Samples from patients in the USA were collected in a previous study and were later transferred to the CDC; the use of samples was approved by the CDC Institutional Review Board (no. 5343). The use of sera from healthy individuals was approved by CDC IRB (no. 3344). Samples from Egypt were collected by NAMRU-3 (NAMRU-3 IRB no. NAMRU3.1999.0001-CR09-CONV-M) during an AFI surveillance study. For these samples, no contact was made with human subjects by the CDC, and the CDC did not receive any identifiable information; therefore, the CDC IRB determined that the research did not involve human subjects, as defined under 45 CFR 46.102(h), and an additional IRB review was not required. This research was supported in part by an appointment to the Emerging Infectious Diseases (EID) Fellowship Program administered by the Association of Public Health Laboratories (APHL) and funded by the CDC. The findings and conclusions presented in this manuscript are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the CDC and NAMRU-3. NR 20 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 8 PU SOC GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY PI READING PA MARLBOROUGH HOUSE, BASINGSTOKE RD, SPENCERS WOODS, READING RG7 1AG, BERKS, ENGLAND SN 0022-2615 J9 J MED MICROBIOL JI J. Med. Microbiol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 60 IS 12 BP 1767 EP 1773 DI 10.1099/jmm.0.033381-0 PG 7 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 864DV UT WOS:000298218100007 PM 21835974 ER PT J AU LeBouf, RF Ku, BK Chen, BT Frazer, DG Cumpston, JL Stefaniak, AB AF LeBouf, Ryan F. Ku, Bon Ki Chen, Bean T. Frazer, David G. Cumpston, Jared L. Stefaniak, Aleksandr B. TI Measuring surface area of airborne titanium dioxide powder agglomerates: relationships between gas adsorption, diffusion and mobility-based methods SO JOURNAL OF NANOPARTICLE RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Ultrafine titanium dioxide; Surface area; BET; Diffusion charger; Occupational health effects; EHS ID VOLUME DISTRIBUTIONS; EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT; ONLINE MEASUREMENT; OXIDATIVE STRESS; EPITHELIAL-CELLS; FINE PARTICLES; ULTRAFINE; NANOPARTICLES AB Inhalation toxicology studies generally use the Brunauer, Emmett, and Teller (BET) gas adsorption method to measure total surface area of particles whereas occupational exposures are more readily measured by real-time mobility-based surface areas or active surface area measured with diffusion charger-based instruments. Three surface area measurement methods were studied: filter-based inert gas adsorption (BET method), diffusion charging, and mobility-based methods. The goal of the project was to investigate and develop a correlation between the measurement methods. The experimental design consisted of measuring surface area in a series of five trials for each of two powder types, fine and ultrafine titanium dioxide with primary particle sizes of 440 and 20 nm, respectively, and two aerosol concentrations. Diffusion charger instruments tended to underestimate the total particle surface area measured by the BET, but were well correlated with mobility-based surface areas obtained from a scanning mobility particle sizer. Filter-based gas adsorption methods and diffusion charging methods provide different but valuable information on total and active surface areas of particles, respectively. Results indicate they should not be used as predictors of one another. C1 [LeBouf, Ryan F.; Chen, Bean T.; Frazer, David G.; Cumpston, Jared L.; Stefaniak, Aleksandr B.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, NIOSH, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Ku, Bon Ki] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, NIOSH, Cincinnati, OH 45213 USA. RP Stefaniak, AB (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, NIOSH, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM astefaniak@cdc.gov RI Stefaniak, Aleksandr/I-3616-2012; LeBouf, Ryan/K-5478-2012 NR 35 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 12 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1388-0764 J9 J NANOPART RES JI J. Nanopart. Res. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 13 IS 12 BP 7029 EP 7039 DI 10.1007/s11051-011-0616-4 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA 861YD UT WOS:000298056100077 ER PT J AU Bushnell, PT Li, J Landen, D AF Bushnell, P. Timothy Li, Jia Landen, Deborah TI Group Medical Claims as a Source of Information on Worker Health and Potentially Work-Related Diseases SO JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID ISCHEMIC-HEART-DISEASE; CARPAL-TUNNEL-SYNDROME; MUSCULOSKELETAL BACK DISORDERS; STATE UNION CARPENTERS; HAND-ARM VIBRATION; SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM; OCCUPATIONAL-HEALTH; WASHINGTON-STATE; WORKPLACE INJURIES; INTERVIEW SURVEY AB Objective: To help address underrecognition of occupational illnesses and support planning of workplace health initiatives. Methods: Data from High-mark Inc., a health care insurer headquartered in Pittsburgh and Camp Hill, Pennsylvania, was used to calculate age and gender-adjusted rates of 15 diseases by industry and broad industry sector. Results: Significant industry differences in disease rates were observed, some corresponding to known differences in workplace risk factors. Conclusion: Group medical claims offer timely, relatively low cost, longitudinal data on rates of physician-diagnosed cases and costs of many diseases for large populations. Limitations of medical claims data include inaccuracies in industry coding, lack of occupation codes, and lack of key variables that affect health. Yet, some elevated industry rates suggest potential new targets for wellness programs and evaluation of possible workplace health risks. C1 [Bushnell, P. Timothy] NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Surveillance, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Landen, Deborah] NIOSH, Off Mine Safety & Hlth Res, Pittsburgh, PA USA. RP Bushnell, PT (reprint author), NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Surveillance, 4676 Columbia Pkwy,MS R17, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM PLB4@cdc.gov FU National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health FX The study was funded by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health.; The authors gratefully acknowledge the collaboration and support of Highmark Inc., headquartered in Pittsburgh and Camp Hill, Pennsylvania, whose data are analyzed in this article. We thank Brian Day, Andrea DeVries, and Cara Hirsch at Highmark for their assistance in establishing and guiding the project, and Jerry O'Donnell, also at Highmark, for his assistance with the data. The authors also thank Eva Hnizdo, Lee Petsonk, Ahmed Gomaa, Tom Hales, Toni Alterman, Mark Stephenson, and Tania Carreon-Valencia at NIOSH, Ray Ten Eyck at Wright State University School of Medicine, and Lawson Wulsin at the University of Cincinnati Medical School for their contributions to project planning and formulation of disease case definitions. Kim Jinnett of the Integrated Benefits Institute, Phillip Hunt of Social Sectors Development Strategies, Marie Haring Sweeney, and Aaron Sussell of NIOSH, and an anonymous reviewer for the journal provided useful editorial suggestions. NR 57 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1076-2752 J9 J OCCUP ENVIRON MED JI J. Occup. Environ. Med. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 53 IS 12 BP 1430 EP 1441 DI 10.1097/JOM.0b013e3182363bbe PG 12 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 861DR UT WOS:000297999700017 PM 22076036 ER PT J AU Parlett, LE Bowman, JD van Wijngaarden, E AF Parlett, Lauren E. Bowman, Joseph D. van Wijngaarden, Edwin TI Evaluation of Occupational Exposure to Magnetic Fields and Motor Neuron Disease Mortality in a Population-Based Cohort SO JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID AMYOTROPHIC-LATERAL-SCLEROSIS; NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASES; ELECTROMAGNETIC-FIELDS; UTILITY WORKERS; DNA-DAMAGE; ALS; BRAIN; EPIDEMIOLOGY; DISORDERS; RISK AB Objective: Epidemiologic evidence for the association between electromagnetic fields and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, the most common form of motor neuron disease (MND), has been inconclusive. We evaluated the association between electromagnetic fields and MND among workers in occupations potentially exposed to magnetic fields. Methods: MND mortality (ICD-9 335.2) was examined in the National Longitudinal Mortality Study using multivariable proportional hazards models. Occupational exposure to magnetic fields was determined on the basis of a population-based job-exposure matrix. Age at entry, education, race, sex, and income were considered for inclusion as covariates. Results: After adjusting for age, sex, and education, there were no increased risks of MND mortality in relation to potential magnetic field exposure, with hazard ratios around the null in all magnetic field exposure quartiles. Conclusions: Our study does not provide evidence for an association between magnetic field exposure and MND mortality. C1 [Parlett, Lauren E.; van Wijngaarden, Edwin] Univ Rochester, Sch Med & Dent, Dept Community & Prevent Med, Rochester, NY 14642 USA. [Bowman, Joseph D.] NIOSH, Engn & Phys Hazards Branch, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. RP van Wijngaarden, E (reprint author), Univ Rochester, Sch Med & Dent, Dept Community & Prevent Med, Rochester, NY 14642 USA. EM edwin_van_wijngaarden@urmc.rochester.edu RI Parlett, Lauren/I-3309-2013 OI Parlett, Lauren/0000-0003-1240-4566 FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 30 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1076-2752 J9 J OCCUP ENVIRON MED JI J. Occup. Environ. Med. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 53 IS 12 BP 1447 EP 1451 DI 10.1097/JOM.0b013e318237a1d0 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 861DR UT WOS:000297999700019 PM 22076040 ER PT J AU Klompas, M Kulldorff, M Vilk, Y Bialek, SR Harpaz, R AF Klompas, Michael Kulldorff, Martin Vilk, Yury Bialek, Stephanie R. Harpaz, Rafael TI Herpes Zoster and Postherpetic Neuralgia Surveillance Using Structured Electronic Data SO MAYO CLINIC PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Article ID QUALITY-OF-LIFE; OLDER-ADULTS; VARICELLA-VACCINATION; UNITED-STATES; COST-EFFECTIVENESS; RISK-FACTORS; IMPACT; EPIDEMIOLOGY; PAIN; BURDEN AB OBJECTIVE: To develop electronic algorithms for rapid, automated surveillance for herpes zoster and postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) using codified electronic health data. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We attempted to identify every case of herpes zoster and PHN arising between January 1 and December 31, 2008, within the electronic medical record of a 560,000-patient ambulatory practice using an array of diagnosis codes; intervals between herpes zoster encounters; and prescriptions for analgesics, anticonvuisants, and antidepressants. We assessed the sensitivity and positive predictive value (PPV) of each screening criterion by medical record review and then integrated multiple criteria into combination algorithms to optimize sensitivity and PPV. We applied the optimized algorithms to the practice's historical data spanning January 1, 1996, to December 31, 2008, to assess for changes in the annual incidence of PHN. RESULTS: The International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, code 053 detected herpes zoster with 98% sensitivity and 93% PPV. A combination algorithm including diagnosis codes, visit intervals, and prescriptions detected PHN with 86% sensitivity and 78% PPV. Between 1996 and 2008, the age- and sex-adjusted annual incidence of PHN rose from 0.18 to 0.47 cases per 1000 patients, and the proportion of herpes zoster patients progressing to PHN rose from 5.4% to 17.6%. CONCLUSION: Novel algorithms incorporating multiple streams of electronic health data can reasonably detect herpes zoster and PHN. These algorithms could facilitate meaningful public health surveillance using electronic health data. The incidence of PHN may be increasing. Mayo din Proc. 2011;86(12):1146-1/53 C1 [Klompas, Michael; Kulldorff, Martin; Vilk, Yury] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Populat Med, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Klompas, Michael; Kulldorff, Martin; Vilk, Yury] Harvard Pilgrim Hlth Care Inst, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Bialek, Stephanie R.; Harpaz, Rafael] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Klompas, M (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Populat Med, 133 Brookline Ave,6th Floor, Boston, MA 02215 USA. EM mklompas@partners.org OI Kulldorff, Martin/0000-0002-5284-2993 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [8P011HK000016-04] FX Supported by a grant (#8P011HK000016-04) from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 30 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0025-6196 J9 MAYO CLIN PROC JI Mayo Clin. Proc. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 86 IS 12 BP 1146 EP 1153 DI 10.4065/mcp.2011.0305 PG 8 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 868PK UT WOS:000298535000004 PM 21997577 ER PT J AU Hagopian, WA Erlich, H Lernmark, A Rewers, M Ziegler, AG Simell, O Akolkar, B Vogt, R Blair, A Ilonen, J Krischer, J She, J AF Hagopian, William A. Erlich, Henry Lernmark, Ake Rewers, Marian Ziegler, Anette G. Simell, Olli Akolkar, Beena Vogt, Robert, Jr. Blair, Alan Ilonen, Jorma Krischer, Jeffrey She, JinXiong CA TEDDY Study Grp TI The Environmental Determinants of Diabetes in the Young (TEDDY): genetic criteria and international diabetes risk screening of 421 000 infants SO PEDIATRIC DIABETES LA English DT Article DE autoimmunity; genetic screening; population based; prediction; T1D ID GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION; HLA-DR; TYPE-1; POPULATION; SUSCEPTIBILITY; LOCI; IDDM; DQ; AUTOIMMUNITY; METAANALYSIS AB Aims: The Environmental Determinants of Diabetes in the Young (TEDDY) study seeks to identify environmental factors influencing the development of type 1 diabetes (T1D) using intensive follow-up of children at elevated genetic risk. This study requires a cost-effective yet accurate screening strategy to identify the high-risk cohort. Methods: The TEDDY cohort was identified through newborn screening using human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class II genes based on criteria established with pre-TEDDY data. HLA typing was completed at six international centers using different genotyping methods that can achieve >98% accuracy. Results: TEDDY developed separate inclusion criteria for the general population (GP) and first-degree relatives (FDRs) of T1D patients. The FDR eligibility includes nine haplogenotypes (DR3/4, DR4/4, DR4/8, DR3/3, DR4/4b, DR4/1, DR4/13, DR4/9, and DR3/9) for broad HLA diversity, whereas the GP eligibility includes only the first four haplogenotypes with DRB1*0403 as an exclusion allele. TEDDY has screened 414 714 GP infants, of which 19 906 (4.8%) were eligible, whereas 1415 of the 6333 screened FDR infants (22.2%) were eligible. High-resolution confirmation testing of the eligible subjects indicated that the low-cost and low-resolution genotyping techniques employed at the screening centers yielded an accuracy of 99%. There were considerable variations in eligibility rates among the centers for GP (3.5-7.4%) and FDR (19-32%) subjects. The eligibility rates among US ethnic groups were 0.9, 1.3, 5.0, and 6.9% for Asians, Black, Caucasians, and Hispanics, respectively. Conclusions: Different low-cost and low-resolution genotyping methods are useful for the efficient and accurate identification of a high-risk cohort for follow-up based on the TEDDY HLA inclusion criteria (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00279318). C1 [Hagopian, William A.] Pacific NW Diabet Res Inst, Seattle, WA 98122 USA. [Erlich, Henry; Blair, Alan] Roche Mol Syst, Pleasanton, CA USA. [Lernmark, Ake] Lund Univ, Univ Hosp UMAS, Dept Clin Sci, Malmo, Skane, Sweden. [Rewers, Marian] Univ Colorado, Barbara Davis Ctr Childhood Diabet, Aurora, CO USA. [Ziegler, Anette G.] Tech Univ Munich, Diabet Res Inst, Munich, Germany. [Ilonen, Jorma] Univ Turku, Dept Pediat, Immunogenet Lab, Turku, Finland. [Akolkar, Beena] NIDDK, DDEMD, Bethesda, MD USA. [Vogt, Robert, Jr.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Newborn Screening Branch, Div Sci Lab, Atlanta, GA USA. [Ilonen, Jorma] Univ Kuopio, Dept Clin Microbiol, FIN-70211 Kuopio, Finland. [Krischer, Jeffrey] Univ S Florida, Pediat Epidemiol Ctr, Dept Informat & Biostat, Tampa, FL USA. [She, JinXiong] Med Coll Georgia, Ctr Biotechnol & Genom Med, Augusta, GA 30912 USA. RP Hagopian, WA (reprint author), Pacific NW Diabet Res Inst, 720 Broadway, Seattle, WA 98122 USA. EM wah@u.washington.edu RI Ziegler, Anette-Gabriele/M-4614-2014; OI Ziegler, Anette-Gabriele/0000-0002-6290-5548; Elding Larsson, Helena/0000-0003-3306-1742 FU National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK) [DK 63829, 63861, 63821, 63865, 63863, 63836, 63790, HHSN267200700014C]; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID); National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD); National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS); Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation (JDRF); Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) FX This study was funded by DK 63829, 63861, 63821, 63865, 63863, 63836, and 63790 and contract no. HHSN267200700014C from the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation (JDRF), and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). We wish to thank all TEDDY children and their families for their participation in this study and thank all office staff and laboratory personnel who made significant contribution to this study. Dr Ingrid Kockum provided unpublished FDR genotype data from the Swedish Childhood Diabetes Registry Study. NR 28 TC 62 Z9 62 U1 2 U2 13 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1399-543X J9 PEDIATR DIABETES JI Pediatr. Diabetes PD DEC PY 2011 VL 12 IS 8 BP 733 EP 743 DI 10.1111/j.1399-5448.2011.00774.x PG 11 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Pediatrics SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Pediatrics GA 863NB UT WOS:000298170000010 PM 21564455 ER PT J AU Chaves, SS Lopez, AS Watson, TL Civen, R Watson, B Mascola, L Seward, JF AF Chaves, Sandra S. Lopez, Adriana S. Watson, Tureka L. Civen, Rachel Watson, Barbara Mascola, Laurene Seward, Jane F. TI Varicella in Infants After Implementation of the US Varicella Vaccination Program SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE varicella; chickenpox; infant varicella; active surveillance; neonatal varicella ID UNITED-STATES; ZOSTER-VIRUS; MATERNAL ANTIBODIES; NEONATAL VARICELLA; HEALTHY-CHILDREN; AGE; COMPLICATIONS; SEROPREVALENCE; EPIDEMIOLOGY; ACYCLOVIR AB OBJECTIVE: To describe varicella disease in infants since implementation of the varicella vaccination program in the United States. PATIENTS AND METHODS: From 1995 to 2008, demographic, clinical, and epidemiologic data on cases of varicella in infants were collected prospectively through a community-based active surveillance project. We examined disease patterns for infants in 2 age groups: 0 to 5 and 6 to 11 months. RESULTS: Infant varicella disease incidence declined 89.7% from 1995 to 2008. Infants aged 0 to 5 months had milder clinical disease than those aged 6 to 11 months: >= 50 lesions, 49% vs 58% (P = .038); fever (body temperature > 38 degrees C), 12% vs 21% (P = .014); and varicella-related complications, 6% vs 14% (P = .009), respectively. Age was an independent predictor of the occurrence of complications. CONCLUSIONS: The varicella vaccination program has resulted in substantial indirect benefits for infants, who are not eligible for vaccination. Presence of maternal varicella-zoster virus antibodies might explain attenuated disease in very young infants likely born to mothers with history of varicella. Although varicella disease incidence has declined, exposure to varicella-zoster virus continues to occur. Improving varicella vaccination coverage in all age groups will further reduce the risk of varicella exposure and protect those not eligible for varicella vaccination. Pediatrics 2011; 128:1071-1077 C1 [Chaves, Sandra S.; Lopez, Adriana S.; Watson, Tureka L.; Seward, Jane F.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Civen, Rachel; Mascola, Laurene] Los Angeles Cty Dept Hlth, Acute Communicable Dis Control Program, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Watson, Barbara] Philadelphia Dept Hlth, Div Dis Control, Philadelphia, PA USA. RP Lopez, AS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mail Stop A-34, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM alopez@cdc.gov NR 32 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD DEC PY 2011 VL 128 IS 6 BP 1071 EP 1077 DI 10.1542/peds.2011-0017 PG 7 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 862ZA UT WOS:000298131400046 PM 22123875 ER PT J AU Stokley, S Cohn, A Dorell, C Hariri, S Yankey, D Messonnier, N Wortley, PM AF Stokley, Shannon Cohn, Amanda Dorell, Christina Hariri, Susan Yankey, David Messonnier, Nancy Wortley, Pascale M. TI Adolescent Vaccination-Coverage Levels in the United States: 2006-2009 SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE vaccination; adolescents ID AGED 13-17 YEARS; IMMUNIZATION PRACTICES ACIP; HUMAN-PAPILLOMAVIRUS VACCINATION; ADVISORY-COMMITTEE; RECOMMENDATIONS; PHYSICIANS; VACCINES; CHILDREN; SOCIETY; CARE AB BACKGROUND: From 2005 through 2007, 3 vaccines were added to the adolescent vaccination schedule: tetanus-diphtheria-acellular pertussis (TdaP); meningococcal conjugate (MenACWY); and human papillomavirus (HPV) for girls. OBJECTIVE: To assess implementation of new adolescent vaccination recommendations. METHODS: Data from the 2006-2009 National Immunization Survey-Teen, an annual provider-verified random-digit-dial survey of vaccination coverage in US adolescents aged 13 to 17 years, were analyzed. Main outcome measures included percentage of adolescents who received each vaccine according to survey year; potential coverage if all vaccines were administered during the same vaccination visit; and, among unvaccinated adolescents, the reasons for not receiving vaccine. RESULTS: Between 2006 and 2009, >= 1 TdaP and >= 1 MenACWY coverage increased from 11% to 56% and 12% to 54%, respectively. Between 2007 and 2009, >= 1 HPV coverage among girls increased from 25% to 44%; between 2008 and 2009, >= 3 HPV coverage increased from 18% to 27%. In 2009, vaccination coverage could have been >80% for Td/TdaP and MenACWY and as high as 74% for the first HPV dose if providers had administered all recommended vaccines during the same vaccination visit. For all years, the top reported reasons for not vaccinating were no knowledge about the vaccine, provider did not recommend, and vaccine is not needed/necessary (for TdaP and MenACWY) and adolescent is not sexually active, no knowledge about the vaccine, and vaccine is not needed/necessary (for HPV). CONCLUSIONS: Adolescent vaccination coverage is increasing but could be improved. Strategies are needed to increase parental knowledge about adolescent vaccines and improve provider recommendation and administration of all vaccines during the same visit. Pediatrics 2011;128:1078-1086 C1 [Stokley, Shannon; Dorell, Christina; Yankey, David; Wortley, Pascale M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunizat Serv Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Cohn, Amanda; Messonnier, Nancy] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Bacterial Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Hariri, Susan] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Div STD Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Stokley, S (reprint author), 1600 Clifton Rd,Mail Stop A-19, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM sstokley@cdc.gov NR 36 TC 40 Z9 40 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD DEC PY 2011 VL 128 IS 6 BP 1078 EP 1086 DI 10.1542/peds.2011-1048 PG 9 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 862ZA UT WOS:000298131400047 PM 22084326 ER PT J AU Jones, JR Kogan, MD Singh, GK Dee, DL Grummer-Strawn, LM AF Jones, Jessica R. Kogan, Michael D. Singh, Gopal K. Dee, Deborah L. Grummer-Strawn, Laurence M. TI Factors Associated With Exclusive Breastfeeding in the United States SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE breastfeeding; exclusive breastfeeding; national estimates ID BIRTH-WEIGHT INFANTS; HUMAN-MILK; US INFANTS; DURATION; SUPPORT; MOTHERS; DETERMINANTS; RATES; CARE AB OBJECTIVES: To estimate the proportions of US infants who were breastfed exclusively for 6 months, according to characteristics of the mother, child, and household environment, and to compare associations between those characteristics and exclusive breastfeeding with associations between those characteristics and breastfeeding initiation. METHODS: Data were obtained from the 2007 National Survey of Children's Health, a nationally representative, cross-sectional survey. Multivariate logistic regression was used to calculate the adjusted odds ratios for breastfeeding among all infants and for breastfeeding exclusively for 6 months among infants who had initiated breastfeeding. All analyses were limited to children aged 6 months through 5 years for whom breastfeeding data were available (N = 25 197). RESULTS: Of the nearly 75% of children in the study who had ever been breastfed, 16.8% had been breastfed exclusively for 6 months. Non-Hispanic black children were significantly less likely to have ever been breastfed compared with their non-Hispanic white counterparts (adjusted odds ratio: 0.54 [95% confidence interval: 0.44-0.66]). However, no significant differences in the odds of exclusive breastfeeding according to race were observed. Children with birth weights of <1500 g were most likely to have ever been breastfed and least likely to have been breastfed exclusively. Maternal age was significantly associated with exclusive breastfeeding; however, maternal age was not associated with breastfeeding initiation. CONCLUSIONS: In the United States, the prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding for 6 months remains low among those who initiate breastfeeding. Factors associated with breastfeeding exclusively for 6 months differ from those associated with breastfeeding initiation. Pediatrics 2011; 128: 1117-1125 C1 [Jones, Jessica R.; Kogan, Michael D.; Singh, Gopal K.] US Hlth Resources & Serv Adm, Maternal & Child Hlth Bur, Rockville, MD 20857 USA. [Dee, Deborah L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Grummer-Strawn, Laurence M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Jones, JR (reprint author), US Hlth Resources & Serv Adm, Maternal & Child Hlth Bur, 5600 Fishers Lane,Room 18-23, Rockville, MD 20857 USA. EM jjones2@hrsa.gov NR 37 TC 57 Z9 60 U1 1 U2 24 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD DEC PY 2011 VL 128 IS 6 BP 1117 EP 1125 DI 10.1542/peds.2011-0841 PG 9 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 862ZA UT WOS:000298131400052 PM 22123898 ER PT J AU Cortese, MM LeBlanc, J White, KE Jerris, RC Stinchfield, P Preston, KL Meek, J Odofin, L Khizer, S Miller, CA Buttery, V Mijatovic-Rustempasic, S Lewis, J Parashar, UD Immergluck, LC AF Cortese, Margaret M. LeBlanc, Julie White, Karen E. Jerris, Robert C. Stinchfield, Patricia Preston, Kenan L. Meek, James Odofin, Lynda Khizer, Saadia Miller, Claudia A. Buttery, Vicki Mijatovic-Rustempasic, Slavica Lewis, Jamie Parashar, Umesh D. Immergluck, Lilly Cheng TI Leveraging State Immunization Information Systems to Measure the Effectiveness of Rotavirus Vaccine SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE rotavirus vaccine; vaccine effectiveness; rotavirus; immunization ID UNITED-STATES; CHILDREN; GASTROENTERITIS; SURVEILLANCE; POPULATION; DATABASES; COVERAGE; INFANTS AB OBJECTIVE: Electronic immunization information systems (IISs) are now established in almost all US states. We used the IIS in Minnesota, Georgia, and Connecticut for immunization data and as the source of 1 of 2 control groups to measure pentavalent rotavirus vaccine (RV5) effectiveness (VE) using case-control methodology. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Case-subjects were vaccine-eligible children who presented to 1 of 5 hospitals or emergency departments with gastroenteritis and had rotavirus antigen detected in stool during any of 3 rotavirus seasons (2007-2009). Two control groups were used: children with gastroenteritis who tested negative for rotavirus and children from the IIS matched by zip code and birth date. In Minnesota and Georgia, immunization records for rotavirus-positive and -negative children were also obtained from providers. RESULTS: Overall, 402 (96%) rotavirus case-subjects and 825 (97%) rotavirus-negative controls who met eligibility criteria were found in the IISs. Ten IIS controls were identified for each case. VE estimates for RV5 were similar across control groups, immunization data sources, and states. VE point estimates for 3 vs 0 doses were 89% to 94% among children aged 8 months or older and 86% to 92% among those aged 24 months or older. VE for 2 doses was >= 90% among children aged 8 months or older, and VE for 1 dose was 66% among those aged 6 weeks through 5 months. CONCLUSIONS: Three RV5 doses confer sustained protection against rotavirus disease during the first 3 years of life in US children. Two RV5 doses also seem to provide good protection. IISs can be valuable tools for assessing the effectiveness of vaccines administered to young children. Pediatrics 2011; 128: e1474-e1481 C1 [Cortese, Margaret M.; Mijatovic-Rustempasic, Slavica; Lewis, Jamie; Parashar, Umesh D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [LeBlanc, Julie] Childrens Hosp & Clin Minnesota, Infect Dis Infect Prevent Dept, Minneapolis, MN USA. [LeBlanc, Julie] Childrens Hosp & Clin Minnesota, Control Dept, Minneapolis, MN USA. [White, Karen E.; Miller, Claudia A.; Buttery, Vicki; Immergluck, Lilly Cheng] Minnesota Dept Hlth, St Paul, MN USA. [Immergluck, Lilly Cheng] Childrens Healthcare Atlanta, Atlanta, GA USA. [Khizer, Saadia] Morehouse Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Atlanta, GA 30310 USA. [Odofin, Lynda] Yale Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Connecticut Emerging Infect Program, New Haven, CT USA. RP Cortese, MM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS A34, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM mcortese@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [U01CI000307, U01CI000312, U01CI000313, 200-2009-M-30724] FX This work was funded through Centers for Disease Control and Prevention-funded Emerging Infections Program grants U01CI000307, U01CI000312, and U01CI000313 and contract number 200-2009-M-30724. NR 13 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD DEC PY 2011 VL 128 IS 6 BP E1474 EP E1481 DI 10.1542/peds.2011-1006 PG 8 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 862ZA UT WOS:000298131400014 PM 22084328 ER PT J AU Din, ES Brown, CJ Grosse, SD Wang, CB Bialek, SR Ross, DS Cannon, MJ AF Din, Erica S. Brown, Cedric J. Grosse, Scott D. Wang, Chengbin Bialek, Stephanie R. Ross, Danielle S. Cannon, Michael J. TI Attitudes Toward Newborn Screening for Cytomegalovirus Infection SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE cytomegalovirus; congenital; newborn screening ID CONGENITAL-CYTOMEGALOVIRUS; HEARING-LOSS; CMV INFECTION; UNITED-STATES; CHILDREN; DISORDERS; DISEASE; IMPACT AB OBJECTIVE: Newborns are not routinely screened for cytomegalovirus (CMV), the leading infectious cause of developmental disability. Congenital CMV satisfies a number of criteria for inclusion in newborn screening, and screening potentially offers benefits. Screening could also introduce harms such as anxiety and unnecessary costs for the families of the substantial proportion of CMV-infected children who never develop CMV-related disabilities. Our objective was to assess attitudes toward newborn screening for CMV. METHODS: We analyzed responses to 5 statements about CMV and newborn screening from 3922 participants in the 2009 HealthStyles survey, a national mail survey designed to include a group similar to the US population with respect to gender, age, race/ethnicity, income, and household size. Two-step cluster analysis was performed to identify clusters of parental attitudes. RESULTS: The majority of respondents strongly or somewhat agreed that they would want to have their newborn tested for CMV even if it was not performed routinely (84%), they had to pay $ 20 (87%), or CMV-related problems never developed (84%). Nearly half (47%) of them "would worry that the CMV test would lead to unneeded doctor visits and expenses," and 32% "think CMV problems are too rare to worry about." Three clusters of parent respondents were identified on the basis of their attitudes toward CMV screening: "strongly in favor" (31%), "moderately in favor" (49%), and " weakly opposed" (20%). CONCLUSIONS: Among most parents, costs, worry, and anxiety associated with newborn screening for CMV would be acceptable. Although attitudes were generally favorable, a minority of the parents were weakly opposed to newborn screening for CMV. Pediatrics 2011;128:e1434-e1442 C1 [Grosse, Scott D.; Cannon, Michael J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Din, Erica S.; Brown, Cedric J.; Wang, Chengbin; Bialek, Stephanie R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Ross, Danielle S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Cannon, MJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mail Stop E-86, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM mcannon@cdc.gov RI Cannon, Michael/E-5894-2011 OI Cannon, Michael/0000-0001-5776-5010 NR 33 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 5 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD DEC PY 2011 VL 128 IS 6 BP E1434 EP E1442 DI 10.1542/peds.2011-1444 PG 9 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 862ZA UT WOS:000298131400009 PM 22084323 ER PT J AU Randolph, AG Vaughn, F Sullivan, R Rubinson, L Thompson, BT Yoon, G Smoot, E Rice, TW Loftis, LL Helfaer, M Doctor, A Paden, M Flori, H Babbitt, C Graciano, AL Gedeit, R Sanders, RC Giuliano, JS Zimmerman, J Uyeki, TM AF Randolph, Adrienne G. Vaughn, Frances Sullivan, Ryan Rubinson, Lewis Thompson, B. Taylor Yoon, Grace Smoot, Elizabeth Rice, Todd W. Loftis, Laura L. Helfaer, Mark Doctor, Allan Paden, Matthew Flori, Heidi Babbitt, Christopher Graciano, Ana Lia Gedeit, Rainer Sanders, Ronald C. Giuliano, John S. Zimmerman, Jerry Uyeki, Timothy M. CA Pediat Acute Lung Injury Sepsis In Natl Heart Lung & Blood Inst ARDS TI Critically III Children During the 2009-2010 Influenza Pandemic in the United States SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE influenza; intensive care unit; pediatric; mortality; pandemic; MRSA ID COMMUNITY-ACQUIRED PNEUMONIA; A H1N1 VIRUS; STAPHYLOCOCCUS-AUREUS COINFECTION; INFECTIOUS-DISEASES-SOCIETY; CLINICAL CHARACTERISTICS; NEW-ZEALAND; CASE SERIES; A(H1N1); MYOCARDITIS; DEATHS AB BACKGROUND: The 2009 pandemic influenza A (H1N1) (pH1N1) virus continues to circulate worldwide. Determining the roles of chronic conditions and bacterial coinfection in mortality is difficult because of the limited data for children with pH1N1-related critical illness. METHODS: We identified children (<21 years old) with confirmed or probable pH1N1 admitted to 35 US PICUs from April 15, 2009, through April 15, 2010. We collected data on demographics, baseline health, laboratory results, treatments, and outcomes. RESULTS: Of 838 children with pH1N1 admitted to a PICU, the median age was 6 years, 58% were male, 70% had >= 1 chronic health condition, and 88.2% received oseltamivir (5.8% started before PICU admission). Most patients had respiratory failure with 564 (67.3%) receiving mechanical ventilation; 162 (19.3%) received vasopressors, and 75 (8.9%) died. Overall, 71 (8.5%) of the patients had a presumed diagnosis of early (within 72 hours after PICU admission) Staphylococcus aureus coinfection of the lung with 48% methicillin-resistant S aureus (MRSA). In multivariable analyses, preexisting neurologic conditions or immunosuppression, encephalitis (1.7% of cases), myocarditis (1.4% of cases), early presumed MRSA lung coinfection, and female gender were mortality risk factors. Among 251 previously healthy children, only early presumed MRSA coinfection of the lung (relative risk: 8 [95% confidence interval: 3.1-20.6]; P < .0001) remained a mortality risk factor. CONCLUSIONS: Children with preexisting neurologic conditions and immune compromise were at increased risk of pH1N1-associated death after PICU admission. Secondary complications of pH1N1, including myocarditis, encephalitis, and clinical diagnosis of early presumed MRSA coinfection of the lung, were mortality risk factors. Pediatrics 2011;128:e1450-e1458 C1 [Randolph, Adrienne G.; Sullivan, Ryan; Yoon, Grace] Childrens Hosp Boston, Dept Anesthesia Perioperat & Pain Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Randolph, Adrienne G.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA USA. [Vaughn, Frances; Rubinson, Lewis] Natl Disaster Med Syst, Off Preparedness & Emergency Operat, Off Assistant Secretary Preparedness & Response, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Washington, DC USA. [Thompson, B. Taylor] Massachusetts Gen Hosp, ARDSNet Coordinating Ctr, Dept Med, Boston, MA 02114 USA. [Rice, Todd W.] Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Vanderbilt, TN USA. [Loftis, Laura L.] Texas Childrens Hosp, Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Helfaer, Mark] Childrens Hosp Philadelphia, Dept Anesthesia & Crit Care, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Doctor, Allan] St Louis Childrens Hosp, Dept Pediat, St Louis, MO 63110 USA. [Paden, Matthew] Childrens Healthcare Atlanta Egleston, Dept Pediat, Atlanta, GA USA. [Flori, Heidi] Childrens Hosp Oakland, Dept Pediat, Oakland, CA USA. [Babbitt, Christopher] Miller Childrens Hosp, Dept Pediat, Long Beach, CA USA. [Graciano, Ana Lia] Childrens Hosp Cent Calif, Dept Pediat, Madera, CA USA. [Gedeit, Rainer] Childrens Hosp Wisconsin, Dept Pediat, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA. [Sanders, Ronald C.] Arkansas Childrens Hosp, Dept Pediat, Little Rock, AR 72202 USA. [Giuliano, John S.] Yale Childrens Hosp, Dept Pediat, New Haven, CT USA. [Zimmerman, Jerry] Seattle Childrens Hosp, Div Pediat Crit Care Med, Seattle, WA USA. [Uyeki, Timothy M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Randolph, AG (reprint author), Childrens Hosp Boston, Dept Anesthesia Perioperat & Pain Med, 300 Longwood Ave,Bader 634, Boston, MA 02115 USA. EM adrienne.randolph@childrens.harvard.edu RI Hall, Mark/E-3193-2011 FU National Institutes of Health (NIH); National Institutes of Health, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Department of Health and Human Services [N01 HR 56179] FX Funded by the National Institutes of Health (NIH).; This work was supported by National Institutes of Health, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, Department of Health and Human Services (contract N01 HR 56179). NR 54 TC 80 Z9 81 U1 1 U2 9 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD DEC PY 2011 VL 128 IS 6 BP E1450 EP E1458 DI 10.1542/peds.2011-0774 PG 9 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 862ZA UT WOS:000298131400011 PM 22065262 ER PT J AU Simon, AE Lukacs, SL Mendola, P AF Simon, Alan E. Lukacs, Susan L. Mendola, Pauline TI Emergency Department Laboratory Evaluations of Fever Without Source in Children Aged 3 to 36 Months SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE fever; clinical practice variation; emergency department ID PRIMARY-CARE PHYSICIANS; PNEUMOCOCCAL CONJUGATE VACCINE; COMMUNITY-HOSPITAL EMERGENCY; URINARY-TRACT-INFECTION; FEBRILE YOUNG-CHILDREN; PRACTICE GUIDELINES; OCCULT BACTEREMIA; MANAGEMENT; INFANTS; ERA AB OBJECTIVE: This article describes ordering of diagnostic tests, admission rates, and antibiotic administration among visits to US emergency departments (EDs) by children aged 3 to 36 months with fever without source (FWS). METHODS: The 2006-2008 National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey-Emergency Department was used to identify visits by 3- to 36-month-old children with FWS. Percentages of visits that included a complete blood count (CBC), urinalysis, blood culture, radiograph, rapid influenza test, admission to hospital, and ceftriaxone and other antibiotic administration were calculated. Multivariate logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with ordering of a CBC and urinalysis. RESULTS: No tests were ordered in 58.6% of visits for FWS. CBCs were ordered in 20.5% of visits and urinalysis in 17.4% of visits. Even among girls with a temperature of >= 39 degrees C, urinalysis was ordered in only 40.2% of visits. Ceftriaxone was given in 7.1% and other antibiotics in 18.3% of visits; 5.2% of the children at these visits were admitted to the hospital. In multivariate analysis, increased temperature, being female, and higher median income of the patient's zip code were associated with increased odds of having a CBC and urinalysis ordered. Being 24 to 36 months of age was associated with lower odds of receiving both a CBC and a urinalysis. CONCLUSIONS: Most US emergency department visits for FWS among children aged 3 to 36 months, physicians do not order diagnostic tests. Being female, having a higher fever, and higher median income of the patient's zip code were associated with ordering CBCs and urinalysis. Pediatrics 2011;128:e1368-e1375 C1 [Simon, Alan E.; Lukacs, Susan L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Infant Child & Womens Hlth Stat Branch, Off Anal & Epidemiol, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. [Mendola, Pauline] Eunice Kennedy Shriver Natl Inst Child Hlth & Hum, Div Epidemiol Stat & Prevent Res, NIH, Rockville, MD USA. RP Simon, AE (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Infant Child & Womens Hlth Stat Branch, Off Anal & Epidemiol, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, 3311 Toledo Rd,Room 6122, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. EM fpa8@cdc.gov OI Mendola, Pauline/0000-0001-5330-2844 NR 51 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD DEC PY 2011 VL 128 IS 6 BP E1368 EP E1375 DI 10.1542/peds.2010-3855 PG 8 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 862ZA UT WOS:000298131400001 PM 22106081 ER PT J AU Carter, MW Kraft, JM Hatfield-Timajchy, K Hock-Long, L Hogben, M AF Carter, Marion W. Kraft, Joan Marie Hatfield-Timajchy, Kendra Hock-Long, Linda Hogben, Matthew TI STD and HIV Testing Behaviors Among Black And Puerto Rican Young Adults SO PERSPECTIVES ON SEXUAL AND REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH LA English DT Article ID AFRICAN-AMERICAN ADOLESCENTS; SEXUALLY-TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS; 4 US CITIES; UNITED-STATES; FEMALE ADOLESCENTS; CHLAMYDIA; DISPARITIES; PREVALENCE; HEALTH; SAMPLE AB CONTEXT: Given the high rates of infection among urban young adults, STD and HIV testing promotion is a public health priority. To inform future testing efforts, lifetime and recent testing behaviors of this population within casual and serious relationships should be better understood. METHODS: Data from a 2007-2008 study conducted in select neighborhoods in Hartford and Philadelphia were used to examine self-reported STD and HIV testing behaviors and attitudes among 483 sexually active black and Puerto Rican young adults aged 18-25. Multivariate ordered logit regression analyses were conducted to assess characteristics associated with lifetime number of STD tests. RESULTS: More than eight in 10 participants reported having been tested for STDs, and a similar proportion for HIV, most of them multiple times. Nineteen percent had ever had an STD diagnosis. A majority-86%-perceived their risk of STD infection in the next year as " not at all likely." Sixty-one percent of those in serious relationships reported that both partners had been tested, compared with 25% of those in casual relationships. Characteristics associated with higher lifetime number of STD tests were being female (odds ratio, 2.2), being from Philadelphia (2.5), being black (1.5), having lived with two or more serious partners (1.7) and having ever received an STD diagnosis (2.3). DISCUSSION: Despite their risks, participants did not perceive themselves to be at risk of STDs. However, they did report testing repeatedly. Testing was highly acceptable, particularly within serious relationships. Questions about the timing of testing initiation and repeat testing merit attention for the benefi ts of widespread testing to be fully realized. Perspectives on Sexual and Reproductive Health, 2011, 43(4): 238-246, doi: 10.1363/ 4323811 C1 [Carter, Marion W.; Kraft, Joan Marie; Hatfield-Timajchy, Kendra] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Hock-Long, Linda] Family Planning Council, Philadelphia, PA USA. [Hogben, Matthew] CDC, Div Sexually Transmitted Dis Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Carter, MW (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM MCarter1@cdc.gov NR 44 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 14 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1538-6341 J9 PERSPECT SEX REPRO H JI Perspect. Sex Reprod. Health PD DEC PY 2011 VL 43 IS 4 BP 238 EP 246 DI 10.1363/4323811 PG 9 WC Demography; Family Studies SC Demography; Family Studies GA 865XD UT WOS:000298343300004 PM 22151511 ER PT J AU Guilamo-Ramos, V Jaccard, J Dittus, P Bouris, A Gonzalez, B Casillas, E Banspach, S AF Guilamo-Ramos, Vincent Jaccard, James Dittus, Patricia Bouris, Alida Gonzalez, Bernardo Casillas, Eileen Banspach, Stephen TI A Comparative Study of Interventions for Delaying The Initiation of Sexual Intercourse Among Latino And Black Youth SO PERSPECTIVES ON SEXUAL AND REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH LA English DT Article ID RANDOMIZED-CONTROLLED-TRIAL; PARENT-ADOLESCENT COMMUNICATION; AFRICAN-AMERICAN ADOLESCENTS; RISK-REDUCTION INTERVENTIONS; UNITED-STATES; HIV; BEHAVIORS; INVOLVEMENT; PERCEPTIONS; PREVALENCE AB CONTEXT: Latino and black adolescents are disproportionately affected by STDs, including HIV, and unintended pregnancies. Few parent-based interventions have targeted these youth, focused on early adolescence and had high participation rates. METHODS: Between 2003 and 2009, a randomized clinical trial was conducted with 2,016 Latino and black motheradolescent dyads in New York City. Adolescents were eligible if they were in grade 6 or 7. Dyads were assigned to one of three conditions: a parent-based intervention, Families Talking Together (FTT); an adolescent-only intervention, Making a Diff erence! (MAD); or a combined FTT+ MAD intervention. Respondents completed questionnaires at baseline and 12 months later. Single-degree-of-freedom contrasts and logistic regression analysis were used to evaluate diff erences in outcomes by intervention. RESULTS: The proportion of youth who reported ever having engaged in vaginal intercourse increased over the study period by eight percentage points among those in the MAD group, fi ve points in the FTT group and three points in the combined group; the diff erences among these increases were not statistically signifi cant. Adolescents in the two FTT groups were signifi cantly more likely than those in the MAD group to indicate that their mother had talked to them about not having intercourse (79% vs. 68%). They also scored higher than youth in the MAD group on measures of communication and perceived maternal attributes, and lower on activities that might lead to risky behaviors. CONCLUSIONS: The proportions of adolescents who initiated intercourse during the study period were not signifi cantly diff erent across groups, implying that the interventions were comparable. Findings suggest that FTT may have led to improved parenting behaviors. Perspectives on Sexual and Reproductive Health, 2011, 43(4): 247-254, doi: 10.1363/ 4324711 C1 [Guilamo-Ramos, Vincent; Jaccard, James; Gonzalez, Bernardo; Casillas, Eileen] NYU, Ctr Latino Adolescent & Family Hlth, Silver Sch Social Work, New York, NY 10012 USA. [Dittus, Patricia] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Banspach, Stephen] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adolescent & Sch Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Bouris, Alida] Univ Chicago, Sch Social Serv Adm, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RP Guilamo-Ramos, V (reprint author), NYU, Ctr Latino Adolescent & Family Hlth, Silver Sch Social Work, New York, NY 10012 USA. EM vincent.ramos@nyu.edu FU PHS HHS [U87/CCU220155-3-0.] NR 40 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 13 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1538-6341 J9 PERSPECT SEX REPRO H JI Perspect. Sex Reprod. Health PD DEC PY 2011 VL 43 IS 4 BP 247 EP 254 DI 10.1363/4324711 PG 8 WC Demography; Family Studies SC Demography; Family Studies GA 865XD UT WOS:000298343300005 PM 22151512 ER PT J AU Clark, SJ Cowan, AE Wortley, PM AF Clark, Sarah J. Cowan, Anne E. Wortley, Pascale M. TI Influenza vaccine-related information needs of US primary care physicians SO PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE Influenza vaccine; Primary care; Physician survey; Immunization ID IMMUNIZATION PRACTICES ACIP; ADVISORY-COMMITTEE; RECOMMENDATIONS; PREVENTION; ADULTS AB Objective. To explore influenza-related information needs of primary care providers, given expanded influenza vaccine recommendations and new influenza vaccine products. Methods. A cross-sectional, mailed survey of a national sample of primary care physicians (family physicians, general internists, pediatricians), conducted in July-October 2010. The overall response rate was 70%. Results. Among respondents who offer immunizations, almost all expected to provide injectable influenza vaccine for the 2010-11 influenza season, while only pediatricians planned wide use of intranasal vaccine. The information needs most frequently rated as high priority were subpopulations to prioritize if vaccine supply is limited and use of a higher dose formulation for the elderly. Most physicians who do not currently use intranasal vaccine rated that topic as a low priority. Conclusion. Primary care providers have a number of high-priority information needs related to influenza vaccination. However, the limited interest of family physicians and internists in receiving more information about intranasal vaccine may impede efforts to expand its use among healthy adults. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Clark, Sarah J.] Univ Michigan, Div Gen Pediat, Child Hlth Evaluat & Res CHEAR Unit, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Wortley, Pascale M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Clark, SJ (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Div Gen Pediat, Child Hlth Evaluat & Res CHEAR Unit, 300 N Ingalls,Rm 6E06, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. EM saclark@med.umich.edu; cowana@med.umich.edu; pmw1@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Association of Prevention Teaching and Research FX This study was funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, through a cooperative agreement with the Association of Prevention Teaching and Research. The findings are those of the authors and do not represent an official viewpoint of the CDC. NR 14 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 3 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0091-7435 J9 PREV MED JI Prev. Med. PD DEC 1 PY 2011 VL 53 IS 6 BP 421 EP 423 DI 10.1016/j.ypmed.2011.09.013 PG 3 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 862EV UT WOS:000298073500013 PM 22001685 ER PT J AU Dombkowski, KJ Reeves, SL Dong, SM Stevenson, J Clark, SJ AF Dombkowski, Kevin J. Reeves, Sarah L. Dong, Shiming Stevenson, John Clark, Sarah J. TI Assessing the burden of undeliverable immunization reminder and recall notifications SO PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE Vaccinations; Immunization information systems; Immunization registries; Reminder/recall systems; Local health department; Adolescents ID UNDERIMMUNIZED CHILDREN; MESSAGES; IMPACT AB Purpose. To assess the completeness and accuracy of parent contact information for the delivery of mailed reminder/recall notices using a statewide immunization information system (IIS). Methods. The Michigan Care Improvement. Registry (MCIR) was used to generate reminder and recall notifications for children ages 6 months-19 years in Michigan (2008-2009). Mailed notifications were classified as being undeliverable if they were returned to the local health department (LHD) by the US Postal Service. Results. 20,377 notifications were mailed and 5182 (26%) were undeliverable. Undeliverable notification increased with age (reference, 6-18 months): 19-35 months (OR=1.27), 36-71 months (OR=3.03) and adolescents 11-19 years (OR=4.94). Children enrolled in Medicaid (OR=0.76) were less likely to have an undeliverable notification compared to their non-enrolled counterparts, but children who had previously received some (OR=1.07) or all vaccinations (OR=2.43) at an LHD were more likely to have an undeliverable notification. Conclusion. Undeliverable reminder/recall notifications are most likely among adolescents. Efforts to identify alternate sources of parent contact information may be an important strategy to improve the successful delivery of reminder/recall notifications, especially for adolescents. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Dombkowski, Kevin J.; Reeves, Sarah L.; Dong, Shiming; Clark, Sarah J.] Univ Michigan, Div Gen Pediat, Child Hlth Evaluat & Res CHEAR Unit, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Stevenson, John] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Dombkowski, KJ (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Div Gen Pediat, Child Hlth Evaluat & Res CHEAR Unit, 300 N Ingalls, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. EM kjd@med.umich.edu; sleasure@umich.edu; shiming@med.umich.edu; jxs7@cdc.gov; saclark@med.umich.edu NR 17 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0091-7435 J9 PREV MED JI Prev. Med. PD DEC 1 PY 2011 VL 53 IS 6 BP 424 EP 426 DI 10.1016/j.ypmed.2011.09.014 PG 3 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 862EV UT WOS:000298073500014 PM 22001688 ER PT J AU Gong, F Xu, J Fujishiro, K Takeuchi, DT AF Gong, Fang Xu, Jun Fujishiro, Kaori Takeuchi, David T. TI A life course perspective on migration and mental health among Asian immigrants: The role of human agency SO SOCIAL SCIENCE & MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE Migration; Life course perspective; Human agency; Mental health; Asian immigrants; USA ID ACCULTURATIVE STRESS; DEPRESSION; AMERICANS; DISCRIMINATION; DISORDERS; ASSOCIATION; HARDINESS; ADULTS AB The relationship between human agency and health is an important yet under-researched topic. This study uses a life course perspective to examine how human agency (measured by voluntariness, migratory reasons, and planning) and timing (measured by age at immigration) affect mental health outcomes among Asian immigrants in the United States. Data from the National Latino and Asian American Study showed that Asian immigrants (n = 1491) with multiple strong reasons to migrate were less likely to suffer from mental health problems (i.e., psychological distress and psychiatric disorders in the past 12 months) than those without clear goals. Moreover, Asian immigrants with adequate migratory planning had lower levels of distress and lower rates of 12-month psychiatric disorders than those with poorly planned migration. Compared with migrants of the youngest age category (six or younger), those who migrated during preteen and adolescent years without clear goals had higher levels of psychological distress, and those who migrated during adulthood (25 years or older) were less likely to suffer from recent depressive disorders (with the exception of those migrating for life-improving goals). Furthermore, we found that well-planned migration lowered acculturative stress, and multiple strong reasons for migration buffered the negative effect of acculturative stress upon mental health. Findings from this study advance research on immigrant health from the life course perspective by highlighting the effects of exercising human agency during the pre-migration stage upon post-migration mental health. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Gong, Fang; Xu, Jun] Ball State Univ, Dept Sociol, Muncie, IN 47306 USA. [Fujishiro, Kaori] NIOSH, Div Surveillance Hazard Evaluat & Field Studies, Cincinnati, OH 45213 USA. [Takeuchi, David T.] Univ Washington, Dept Sociol, Seattle, WA 98105 USA. [Takeuchi, David T.] Univ Washington, Sch Social Work, Seattle, WA 98105 USA. RP Gong, F (reprint author), Ball State Univ, Dept Sociol, Muncie, IN 47306 USA. EM fgong@bsu.edu FU Asian American Center on Disparities Research (National Institute of Mental Health) [1P50MH073511-01A2]; NIH [MH62207, MH62209]; National Institute of Mental Health; RWJ [DA18715]; Office of Behavioral and Social Science Research; Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration; Ball State University FX This study was supported in part by the Asian American Center on Disparities Research (National Institute of Mental Health grant: 1P50MH073511-01A2) and by NIH Research Grants MH62207 and MH62209 funded by the National Institute of Mental Health and RWJ DA18715 with generous support from Office of Behavioral and Social Science Research and the Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. The first author also received a Junior Faculty Research Grant from Ball State University to support this research. The authors are grateful for comments from Eliza Pavalko and anonymous reviewers. NR 40 TC 27 Z9 28 U1 4 U2 24 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0277-9536 J9 SOC SCI MED JI Soc. Sci. Med. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 73 IS 11 BP 1618 EP 1626 DI 10.1016/j.socscimed.2011.09.014 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences, Biomedical SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Biomedical Social Sciences GA 862EJ UT WOS:000298072300008 PM 22019368 ER PT J AU Myint, KSA Gibbons, RV Iverson, J Shrestha, SK Pavlin, JA Mongkolsirichaikul, D Kosoy, MY AF Myint, Khin Saw Aye Gibbons, Robert V. Iverson, Jennifer Shrestha, Sanjaya K. Pavlin, Julie A. Mongkolsirichaikul, Duangrat Kosoy, Michael Y. TI Serological response to Bartonella species in febrile patients from Nepal SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article DE Bartonella; Febrile illness; IFA; Immune response; Nepal; Serosurvey AB The Bartonella-associated illnesses are spread world-wide and involve a broad spectrum of signs and symptoms in humans. Several Bartonella species have been shown to be responsible for cases of febrile illnesses. Little information exists on distribution of Bartonella species and their role in human diseases in Nepal. Our preliminary study, a retrospective serological survey of archived specimens, suggests that Bartonella antibodies are prevalent among febrile patients in the Kathmandu Valley of Nepal. Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. C1 [Myint, Khin Saw Aye; Gibbons, Robert V.; Pavlin, Julie A.; Mongkolsirichaikul, Duangrat] US Army Med Component Armed Forces Res Inst Med S, Bangkok, Thailand. [Iverson, Jennifer; Kosoy, Michael Y.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Shrestha, Sanjaya K.] Walter Reed AFRIMS Res Unit Nepal, Kathmandu, Nepal. RP Gibbons, RV (reprint author), Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Dept Virol, 315-6 Rajvithi Rd, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. EM robert.gibbons@afrims.org RI Valle, Ruben/A-7512-2013 FU CDC FX This work was supported by CDC Global Disease Detection Program. NR 6 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0035-9203 J9 T ROY SOC TROP MED H JI Trans. Roy. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 105 IS 12 BP 740 EP 742 DI 10.1016/j.trstmh.2011.08.002 PG 3 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 862DK UT WOS:000298069800010 PM 21955739 ER PT J AU Fornadel, CM Zhang, X Smith, JD Paddock, CD Arias, JR Norris, DE AF Fornadel, Christen M. Zhang, Xing Smith, Joshua D. Paddock, Christopher D. Arias, Jorge R. Norris, Douglas E. TI High Rates of Rickettsia parkeri Infection in Gulf Coast Ticks (Amblyomma maculatum) and Identification of "Candidatus Rickettsia Andeanae" from Fairfax County, Virginia SO VECTOR-BORNE AND ZOONOTIC DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Amblyomma maculatum; Rickettsia andeanae; Rickettsia parkeri; Virginia ID SPOTTED-FEVER GROUP; UNITED-STATES; PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS; BORRELIA-BURGDORFERI; NORTHERN PERU; IXODIDAE; ACARI; TRANSMISSION; GENES; AGENT AB The Gulf Coast tick, Amblyomma maculatum, is a vector of Rickettsia parkeri, a recently identified human pathogen that causes a disease with clinical symptoms that resemble a mild form of Rocky Mountain spotted fever. Because the prevalence of R. parkeri infection in geographically distinct populations of A. maculatum is not fully understood, A. maculatum specimens collected as part of a tick and pathogen surveillance system in Fairfax County, Virginia, were screened to determine pathogen infection rates. Overall, R. parkeri was found in 41.4% of the A. maculatum that were screened. Additionally, the novel spotted fever group Rickettsia sp., tentatively named "Candidatus Rickettsia andeanae,'' was observed for the first time in Virginia. C1 [Fornadel, Christen M.; Zhang, Xing; Norris, Douglas E.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, W Harry Feinstone Dept Mol Microbiol & Immunol, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Smith, Joshua D.; Arias, Jorge R.] Dis Carrying Insects Program, Fairfax Cty Hlth Dept, Fairfax, VA USA. [Paddock, Christopher D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Fornadel, CM (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, W Harry Feinstone Dept Mol Microbiol & Immunol, 615 N Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. EM cfornade@jhsph.edu FU County of Fairfax, Virginia [RQ10-151007-31A]; NIH [1R21AI67386-1A2, 1R03AI079297-01] FX We would like to thank Sonya Graves, Chris Eliff, Sara Bennett, Bryce De Sostoa, Ada Garcia, Aubrey Gamboa, Dan Good, John Orr, Matt Prosser, and Rachel Severson for their help in the field collecting ticks and in the lab sorting ticks. Research funding and support, in part, was provided to DEN from the County of Fairfax, Virginia (Contract RQ10-151007-31A) and NIH (1R21AI67386-1A2 and 1R03AI079297-01). NR 34 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 1 U2 13 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1530-3667 J9 VECTOR-BORNE ZOONOT JI Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 11 IS 12 BP 1535 EP 1539 DI 10.1089/vbz.2011.0654 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 863GJ UT WOS:000298150500004 PM 21867421 ER PT J AU Bellini, WJ Rota, PA AF Bellini, William J. Rota, Paul A. TI Biological feasibility of measles eradication SO VIRUS RESEARCH LA English DT Review DE Measles; Eradication; Vaccine; Molecular surveillance; Virus immunity ID ACTIVATION MOLECULE SLAM; HIGHLY VACCINATED POPULATION; VIRUS EDMONSTON STRAIN; TIME RT-PCR; IMMUNOGLOBULIN-M; GLOBAL MEASLES; WILD-TYPE; CELLULAR RECEPTOR; LABORATORY DIAGNOSIS; ANTIGENIC ANALYSIS AB Because of the success of global measles control programs, the World Health Organization (WHO), along with its partner agencies, is once again considering the possibility of setting a target date for measles eradication. Measles would be the fourth viral agent to be eradicated joining the successful programs to eradicate smallpox and rinderpest virus, and the continuing effort to eradicate polio virus. A description of the recent progress toward measles eradication was recently published as a supplement in the Journal of Infectious Diseases (15 July, 2011, 204 (Suppl. 1)) and the reader is referred to this document for a detailed summary of the global status of measles control. This review will focus on the biologic and virologic aspects of measles eradication. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Bellini, William J.; Rota, Paul A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Measles Mumps Rubella & Herpesviruses Lab Branch, Div Viral Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Bellini, WJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Measles Mumps Rubella & Herpesviruses Lab Branch, Div Viral Dis, MS C-22,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM wbellini@cdc.gov NR 100 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 45 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-1702 J9 VIRUS RES JI Virus Res. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 162 IS 1-2 SI SI BP 72 EP 79 DI 10.1016/j.virusres.2011.09.023 PG 8 WC Virology SC Virology GA 862WH UT WOS:000298124300010 PM 21963661 ER PT J AU MacNeil, A Nichol, ST Spiropoulou, CF AF MacNeil, Adam Nichol, Stuart T. Spiropoulou, Christina F. TI Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome SO VIRUS RESEARCH LA English DT Review DE Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome; New World hantaviruses; Vascular permeability; Zoonotic diseases ID SIN-NOMBRE-VIRUS; CREEK-CANAL-VIRUS; TO-PERSON TRANSMISSION; VIRAL-RNA PANHANDLE; MICROVASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS; INNATE IMMUNE-RESPONSES; HEALTH-CARE WORKERS; WHITE-FOOTED MOUSE; HANTAAN-VIRUS; ANDES VIRUS AB Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS) is a severe disease characterized by a rapid onset of pulmonary edema followed by respiratory failure and cardiogenic shock. The HPS associated viruses are members of the genus Hantavirus, family Bunyaviridae. Hantaviruses have a worldwide distribution and are broadly split into the New World hantaviruses, which includes those causing HPS, and the Old World hantaviruses [including the prototype Hantaan virus (HTNV)], which are associated with a different disease, hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS). Sin Nombre virus (SNV) and Andes virus (ANDV) are the most common causes of HPS in North and South America, respectively. Case fatality of HPS is approximately 40%. Pathogenic New World hantaviruses infect the lung microvascular endothelium without causing any virus induced cytopathic effect. However, virus infection results in microvascular leakage, which is the hallmark of HPS. This article briefly reviews the knowledge on HPS-associated hantaviruses accumulated since their discovery, less than 20 years ago. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [MacNeil, Adam; Nichol, Stuart T.; Spiropoulou, Christina F.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Viral Special Pathogens Branch, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Spiropoulou, CF (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Viral Special Pathogens Branch, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, G-14,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM ccs8@cdc.gov NR 171 TC 59 Z9 60 U1 2 U2 21 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-1702 J9 VIRUS RES JI Virus Res. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 162 IS 1-2 SI SI BP 138 EP 147 DI 10.1016/j.virusres.2011.09.017 PG 10 WC Virology SC Virology GA 862WH UT WOS:000298124300015 PM 21945215 ER PT J AU Ksiazek, TG Rota, PA Rollin, PE AF Ksiazek, Thomas G. Rota, Paul A. Rollin, Pierre E. TI A review of Nipah and Hendra viruses with an historical aside SO VIRUS RESEARCH LA English DT Review DE Nipah virus; Hendra virus; Review ID EMERGING PARAMYXOVIRAL ZOONOSIS; EQUINE MORBILLIVIRUS PNEUMONIA; EMERGENT DEADLY PARAMYXOVIRUS; BATS PTEROPUS-POLIOCEPHALUS; TO-PERSON TRANSMISSION; HEXAMER GENOME LENGTH; SENDAI-VIRUS; MEASLES-VIRUS; V-PROTEIN; FUSION PROTEIN AB The emergence of Hendra and Nipah viruses in the 1990s has been followed by the further emergence of these viruses in the tropical Old World. The history and current knowledge of the disease, the viruses and their epidemiology is reviewed in this article. A historical aside summarizes the role that Dr. Brian W.J. Mahy played at critical junctures in the early stories of these viruses. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Ksiazek, Thomas G.] Univ Texas Med Branch, Galveston Natl Lab, Dept Pathol, Galveston, TX 77555 USA. [Rota, Paul A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Measles Mumps Rubella & Herpesvirus Lab Branch, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Rollin, Pierre E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Special Pathogen Branch, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Ksiazek, TG (reprint author), Univ Texas Med Branch, Galveston Natl Lab, Dept Pathol, 301 Univ Blvd, Galveston, TX 77555 USA. EM tgksiaze@utmb.edu; par1@cdc.gov; pyr3@cdc.gov NR 168 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 5 U2 31 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-1702 J9 VIRUS RES JI Virus Res. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 162 IS 1-2 SI SI BP 173 EP 183 DI 10.1016/j.virusres.2011.09.026 PG 11 WC Virology SC Virology GA 862WH UT WOS:000298124300018 PM 21963678 ER PT J AU Lowther, SA Medus, C Scheftel, J Leano, F Jawahir, S Smith, K AF Lowther, S. A. Medus, C. Scheftel, J. Leano, F. Jawahir, S. Smith, K. TI Foodborne Outbreak of Salmonella Subspecies IV Infections Associated with Contamination from Bearded Dragons SO ZOONOSES AND PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Salmonella infections; disease outbreak; reptiles; epidemiology; foodborne disease; zoonosis ID FIELD GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS; UNITED-STATES; MULTISTATE OUTBREAK; TYPHIMURIUM; ENTERICA; ENTERITIDIS; EXPOSURE; REPTILES; CHILDREN; HUMANS AB Approximately 1.4 million Salmonella infections and 400 deaths occur annually in the United States. Approximately 6% of human Salmonella cases are thought to be associated with reptiles; Salmonella enterica subspecies IV is primarily reptile-associated. During 14 December, 2009, three isolates of Salmonella IV 6,7:z4,z24: with indistinguishable pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) patterns were identified through Minnesota Department of Health laboratory-based surveillance. None of the three patients associated with the isolates reported reptile contact; however, all had attended the same potluck dinner. Dinner attendees were asked questions regarding illness history, foods they prepared for and consumed at the event, and pet ownership. Cases were defined as illness in a person who had eaten potluck food and subsequently experienced fever and diarrhoea (three or more loose stools in 24 h) or laboratory-confirmed infection with Salmonella IV matching the outbreak PFGE subtype. Nineteen days after the event, environmental samples were collected from a food preparers house where two pet bearded dragons were kept. Sixty-six of 73 potluck food consumers were interviewed; 19 cases were identified; 18 persons reported illness but did not meet the case definition. Median incubation period was 19 h (range: 326 h). Median duration of illness was 5 days (range: 111 days). Consumption of gravy, prepared by the bearded dragons asymptomatic owner, was associated with illness (16/32 exposed versus 1/12 unexposed; risk ratio: 6.0; exact P = 0.02). Salmonella Labadi was recovered from 10 samples, including from one bearded dragon, the bathroom door knob and sink drain, and the kitchen sink drain. The outbreak PFGE subtype of Salmonella subspecies IV was isolated from vacuum-cleaner bag contents. This foodborne outbreak probably resulted from environmental contamination from bearded dragons. Reptiles pose a community threat when food for public consumption is prepared in households with reptiles. C1 [Lowther, S. A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Leano, F.; Jawahir, S.] Minnesota Dept Hlth, Publ Hlth Lab, St Paul, MN USA. RP Lowther, SA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop G-37, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM slowther@cdc.gov FU CDC [3U01CI000313-05, 93-283] FX This investigation was funded in part by the Emerging Infections Programme - CDC Research Project Cooperative Agreement Grant Number 3U01CI000313-05 CFDA Number 93-283. NR 42 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 11 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1863-1959 J9 ZOONOSES PUBLIC HLTH JI Zoonoses Public Health PD DEC PY 2011 VL 58 IS 8 BP 560 EP 566 DI 10.1111/j.1863-2378.2011.01403.x PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases; Veterinary Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases; Veterinary Sciences GA 860YE UT WOS:000297983600006 PM 21824356 ER PT J AU Colton, L Zeidner, N Kosoy, MY AF Colton, Leah Zeidner, Nordin Kosoy, Michael Y. TI Experimental infection of Swiss Webster mice with four rat bartonella strains: Host specificity, bacteremia kinetics, dose dependent response, and histopathology SO COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Bartonella; Rattus; Rat; Mouse model; Bartonella coopersplainensis; Host specificity; Bacteremia; Dose response; Histopathology ID SOUTHERN CHINA; IXODES-RICINUS; RODENTS; TRANSMISSION; POPULATIONS; THAILAND; PATHOGEN; DYNAMICS; HENSELAE; ANIMALS AB Groups of Swiss Webster outbred mice were each inoculated with one of four bartonella strains originally isolated from Rattus spp. at doses ranging from 10(1) to 10(7) bacteria per mouse. One strain, Rn1691yn (Bartonella coopersplainensis-like), infected mice and produced bacteremias at levels up to 10(5) bacteria/ml of blood and from 3 to 8 weeks duration. A dose dependent response was also observed with differing proportions of mice bacteremic following inoculation at different doses. In addition weeks-to-months long lags in bacteremia manifestation occurred following lower dose exposures. The possibility of bacterial transmission from bacteremic mice to uninfected cagemates was assessed and no naive mice became infected from contacts with infected mice. Finally, a subset of bacteremic mice inoculated with high doses of Rn1691yn were examined histopathologically and multifocal, granulomatous lesions were detected in both liver and kidneys. The host specificity and infectivity of the strains is discussed in relation to their potential for zoonotic transmission to incidental hosts. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Colton, Leah; Zeidner, Nordin; Kosoy, Michael Y.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Bacterial Dis Branch, Div Vector Borne Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. RP Colton, L (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Bacterial Dis Branch, Div Vector Borne Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, 3150 Rampart Rd, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM ant6@cdc.gov NR 38 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0147-9571 J9 COMP IMMUNOL MICROB JI Comp. Immunol. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 34 IS 6 BP 465 EP 473 DI 10.1016/j.cimid.2011.08.001 PG 9 WC Immunology; Microbiology; Veterinary Sciences SC Immunology; Microbiology; Veterinary Sciences GA 862DF UT WOS:000298069300002 PM 21908045 ER PT J AU Koonin, LM Beauvais, DR Shimabukuro, T Wortley, PM Palmier, JB Stanley, TR Theofilos, J Merlin, TL AF Koonin, Lisa M. Beauvais, Denise R. Shimabukuro, Tom Wortley, Pascale M. Palmier, Jane B. Stanley, Toscha R. Theofilos, John Merlin, Toby L. TI CDC'S 2009 H1N1 VACCINE PHARMACY INITIATIVE IN THE UNITED STATES: IMPLICATIONS FOR FUTURE PUBLIC HEALTH AND PHARMACY COLLABORATIONS FOR EMERGENCY RESPONSE SO DISASTER MEDICINE AND PUBLIC HEALTH PREPAREDNESS LA English DT Letter C1 [Koonin, Lisa M.; Beauvais, Denise R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Coordinat Unit, Off Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Shimabukuro, Tom] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunizat Safety Off, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Wortley, Pascale M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Hlth Serv Res & Evaluat Branch, Immunizat Serv Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Palmier, Jane B.] Georgia State Univ, Inst Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. [Theofilos, John] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Director, Div State & Local Readiness, Off Publ Hlth Preparedness & Response, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Merlin, Toby L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Preparedness & Emerging Infect, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Koonin, LM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Coordinat Unit, Off Infect Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd,NEMSA 20, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM LKoonin@cdc.gov NR 7 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 1935-7893 J9 DISASTER MED PUBLIC JI Dis. Med. Public Health Prep. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 5 IS 4 BP 253 EP 255 PG 3 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 857FP UT WOS:000297702600001 PM 22146661 ER PT J AU Roy, N Kapil, V Subbarao, I Ashkenazi, I AF Roy, Nobhojit Kapil, Vikas Subbarao, Italo Ashkenazi, Isaac TI Mass Casualty Response in the 2008 Mumbai Terrorist Attacks SO DISASTER MEDICINE AND PUBLIC HEALTH PREPAREDNESS LA English DT Article DE Mumbai; terrorist attack; India; surgical services; resilience; bystanders ID MANAGEMENT; INJURIES; PERSPECTIVE; BOMBINGS; VICTIMS AB Objectives: The November 26-29, 2008, terrorist attacks on Mumbai were unique in its international media attention, multiple strategies of attack, and the disproportionate national fear they triggered. Everyone was a target: random members of the general population, iconic targets, and foreigners alike were under attack by the terrorists. Methods: A retrospective, descriptive study of the distribution of terror victims to various city hospitals, critical radius, surge capacity, and the nature of specialized medical interventions was gathered through police, legal reports, and interviews with key informants. Results: Among the 172 killed and 304 injured people, about four-fifths were men (average age, 33 years) and 12% were foreign nationals. The case-fatality ratio for this event was 2.75:1, and the mortality rate among those who were critically injured was 12%. A total of 38.5% of patients arriving at the hospitals required major surgical intervention. Emergency surgical operations were mainly orthopedic (external fixation for compound fractures) and general surgical interventions (abdominal explorations for penetrating bullet/shrapnel injuries). Conclusions: The use of heavy-duty automatic weapons, explosives, hostages, and arson in these terrorist attacks alerts us to new challenges to medical counterterrorism response. The need for building central medical control for a coordinated response and for strengthening public hospital capacity are lessons learned for future attacks. These particular terrorist attacks had global consequences, in terms of increased security checks and alerts for and fears of further similar "Mumbai-style" attacks. The resilience of the citizens of Mumbai is a critical measure of the long-term effects of terror attacks. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2011; 5:273-279) C1 [Roy, Nobhojit] Tata Inst Social Sci, Jamsetji Tata Ctr Disaster Management, Bombay 400088, Maharashtra, India. [Kapil, Vikas] Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Kapil, Vikas] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registry, Atlanta, GA USA. [Subbarao, Italo] Amer Med Assoc, Publ Hlth Readiness Off, Chicago, IL 60610 USA. [Ashkenazi, Isaac] Harvard Univ, Urban Terrorism Preparedness Project, Natl Preparedness Leadership Initiat, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Roy, N (reprint author), Tata Inst Social Sci, Jamsetji Tata Ctr Disaster Management, Deonar Farm Rd, Bombay 400088, Maharashtra, India. EM nroy@jhsph.edu NR 23 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 4 U2 17 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 1935-7893 J9 DISASTER MED PUBLIC JI Dis. Med. Public Health Prep. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 5 IS 4 BP 273 EP 279 DI 10.1001/dmp.2011.80 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 857FP UT WOS:000297702600006 PM 22106250 ER PT J AU Hickson, DA Liu, JK Bidulescu, A Burchfiel, CM Taylor, HA Petrini, MF AF Hickson, DeMarc A. Liu, Jiankang Bidulescu, Aurelian Burchfiel, Cecil M. Taylor, Herman A. Petrini, Marcy F. TI Pericardial Fat Is Associated With Impaired Lung Function and a Restrictive Lung Pattern in Adults The Jackson Heart Study SO CHEST LA English DT Article ID DISEASE RISK-FACTORS; PULMONARY-FUNCTION; OBESE SUBJECTS; WAIST CIRCUMFERENCE; GENERAL-POPULATION; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; ADIPOSE-TISSUE; ATHEROSCLEROSIS; INFLAMMATION; PRESSURE AB Background: Impaired lung function has been linked to obesity and systemic inflammation. Pericardial fat has been shown to be associated with anomalies in cardiac structure, function, and atherosclerosis. We hypothesized that pericardial fat may have a similar role in the impairment of lung function. Methods: Cross-sectional associations of pericardial fat volumes, quantified by multidetector CT scan, with FEV(1), and FVC assessed by spirometry, were investigated in 1,293 participants (54.5 +/- 10.8 years; 66.4% women) in the Jackson Heart Study. We also examined whether these associations were independent of visceral adipose tissue (VAT). Results: Pericardial fat was associated with impaired lung function after multivariable adjustment, but these associations generally did not remain after adjustment for VAT. An exception was the FEV(1)/FVC ratio. Higher pericardial fat volumes were associated with higher odds of a restrictive lung pattern and lower odds of airway obstruction. Participants in the highest quartile had the highest odds of a restrictive lung pattern (OR, 1.85; 95% CI, 1.22-2.79, compared with quartile 1), even after adjustment for VAT. The odds of obstruction decreased across increasing quartiles of pericardial fat. These relationships were generally graded, suggesting dose-response trends. Conclusions: Pericardial fat is generally associated with lower lung function and independently associated with a restrictive lung pattern in middle-aged and elderly adults. Further research is needed to fully understand the mechanisms through which pericardial fat contributes to pulmonary anomalies. CHEST 2011; 140(6):1567-1573 C1 [Hickson, DeMarc A.; Taylor, Herman A.] Jackson State Univ, Jackson Heart Study, Jackson, MS 39213 USA. [Hickson, DeMarc A.; Liu, Jiankang; Taylor, Herman A.; Petrini, Marcy F.] Univ Mississippi, Med Ctr, Sch Med, Jackson, MS 39216 USA. [Bidulescu, Aurelian] Morehouse Sch Med, Cardiovasc Res Inst, Atlanta, GA 30310 USA. [Burchfiel, Cecil M.] NIOSH, Hlth Effects Lab Div, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. RP Hickson, DA (reprint author), Jackson State Univ, Jackson Heart Study, 350 W Woodrow Wilson Dr,Ste 701, Jackson, MS 39213 USA. EM demarc.a.hickson@jsums.edu RI Bidulescu, Aurelian/N-2617-2014 OI Bidulescu, Aurelian/0000-0001-8211-8309 FU National Institutes of Health; National Heart Lung, and Blood Institute; National Center on Minority Health and Health Disparities [N01-HC-95170, N01-HC-95171, N01-HC-951721] FX This work was supported by National Institutes of Health; National Heart Lung, and Blood Institute, and the National Center on Minority Health and Health Disparities [Contracts N01-HC-95170, N01-HC-95171, and N01-HC-951721]. NR 37 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER COLL CHEST PHYSICIANS PI NORTHBROOK PA 3300 DUNDEE ROAD, NORTHBROOK, IL 60062-2348 USA SN 0012-3692 J9 CHEST JI Chest PD DEC PY 2011 VL 140 IS 6 BP 1567 EP 1573 DI 10.1378/chest.11-0258 PG 7 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 860RX UT WOS:000297966500027 PM 21737489 ER PT J AU Laney, AS Petsonk, EL Attfield, MD AF Laney, A. Scott Petsonk, Edward L. Attfield, Michael D. TI Intramodality and lntermodality Comparisons of Storage Phosphor Computed Radiography and Conventional Film-Screen Radiography in the Recognition of Small Pneumoconiotic Opacities SO CHEST LA English DT Article ID COAL-WORKERS PNEUMOCONIOSIS; DIGITAL RADIOGRAPHS; IMAGE QUALITY; UNITED-STATES; CHEST; CLASSIFICATION AB Background: Digital radiography systems are replacing traditional film for chest radiographic monitoring in the recognition of pneumoconiosis. Methods: To further investigate previous findings regarding the equivalence of film-screen radiographs (FSRs) and storage phosphor computed radiographs (CRs), FSRs and CRs from 172 underground coal miners were classified independently by seven National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health-approved B readers, using the International Labor Office (ILO) classification of radiographs of pneumoconiosis. Results: More CRs were classified as "good" quality compared with FSRs (prevalence ratio [PR], 1.5; 95% CI, 1.4-1.6; P,.001). B readers showed good overall agreement on scoring small opacity profusion using CRs vs FSRs (weighted kappa, 0.58; 95% CI, 0.54-0.62). Significantly more irregular opacities (compared with rounded) were classified using CR images compared with FSR (PR, 1.3; 95% CI, 1.1-1.6; P = .01). Similarly, the smallest sized opacities (width <1.5 mm, p and s type) were reported more frequently using CR vs FSR images (PR, 1.3; 95% CI, 1.1-1.5; P < .001). Interreader and intrareader agreement was lower with respect to the classification of shape and size than for small opacity profusion. Overall, interreader and intrareader variability did not differ significantly using CR vs FSR. Conclusions: Under optimal conditions, using standardized methods and equipment, reader visualization of small pneumoconiotie opacities does not appear to differ meaningfully, whether using CR or FSR. Variability in ILO classifications between imaging modalities appears to be considerably lower than variability among readers. The well-documented challenge of reader variability does not appear to be resolved through the use of digital imaging alone, and additional approaches must be evaluated. CHEST 2011; 140(6):1574-1580 C1 [Laney, A. Scott; Petsonk, Edward L.; Attfield, Michael D.] NIOSH, Surveillance Branch, Div Resp Dis Studies, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. RP Laney, AS (reprint author), NIOSH, Surveillance Branch, Div Resp Dis Studies, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1095 Willowdale Rd,Mail Stop HG900-2, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM alaney@cdc.gov FU CHEST; National Institute for Occupational Safety; Health Coal Workers' Health Surveillance Program FX The authors have reported to CHEST that no funding was received for this study; We acknowledge the contribution of the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health Coal Workers' Health Surveillance Program under the leadership of Anita Wolfe, John Wood for programming support, and the B readers who participated in the study. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. Mention of product names does not imply endorsement by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 20 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER COLL CHEST PHYSICIANS PI NORTHBROOK PA 3300 DUNDEE ROAD, NORTHBROOK, IL 60062-2348 USA SN 0012-3692 J9 CHEST JI Chest PD DEC PY 2011 VL 140 IS 6 BP 1574 EP 1580 DI 10.1378/chest.11-0629 PG 7 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 860RX UT WOS:000297966500028 PM 21622551 ER PT J AU Date, K Fagan, R Crossland, S MacEachern, D Pyper, B Bokanyi, R Houze, Y Andress, E Tauxe, R AF Date, Kashmira Fagan, Ryan Crossland, Sandra MacEachern, Dorothy Pyper, Brian Bokanyi, Rick Houze, Yolanda Andress, Elizabeth Tauxe, Robert TI Three Outbreaks of Foodborne Botulism Caused by Unsafe Home Canning of Vegetables-Ohio and Washington, 2008 and 2009 SO JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES AB Foodborne botulism is a potentially fatal paralytic illness caused by ingestion of neurotoxin produced by the spore-forming bacterium Clostridium botulinum Historically, home-canned vegetables have been the most common cause of botulism outbreaks in the United States. During 2008 and 2009, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and state and local health departments in Ohio and Washington State investigated three outbreaks caused by unsafe home canning of vegetables. We analyzed CDC surveillance data for background on food vehicles that caused botulism outbreaks from 1999 to 2008. For the three outbreaks described, patients and their family members were interviewed and foods were collected. Laboratory testing of clinical and food samples was done at the respective state public health laboratories. From 1999 to 2008, 116 outbreaks of foodborne botulism were reported. Of the 48 outbreaks caused by home-prepared foods from the contiguous United States, 38% (18) were from home-canned vegetables. Three outbreaks of Type A botulism occurred in Ohio and Washington in September 2008, January 2009, and June 2009. Home-canned vegetables (green beans, green bean and carrot blend, and asparagus) served at family meals were confirmed as the source of each outbreak. In each instance, home canners did not follow canning instructions, did not use pressure cookers, ignored signs of food spoilage, and were unaware of the risk of botulism from consuming improperly preserved vegetables. Home-canned vegetables remain a leading cause of foodborne botulism. These outbreaks illustrate critical areas of concern in current home canning and food preparation knowledge and practices. Similar gaps were identified in a 2005 national survey of U.S. adults. Botulism prevention efforts should include targeted educational outreach to home canners. C1 [Date, Kashmira] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Off Workforce & Career Dev, Global Immunizat Div, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Date, Kashmira; Fagan, Ryan; Tauxe, Robert] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Footborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Crossland, Sandra] Galion City Hlth Dept, Galion, OH 44833 USA. [MacEachern, Dorothy] Spokane Reg Hlth Dist, Spokane, WA 99201 USA. [Pyper, Brian] Okanogan Cty Publ Hlth Dept, Okanogan, WA 98840 USA. [Bokanyi, Rick] State Ohio Publ Hlth Lab, Reynoldsburg, OH 43068 USA. [Houze, Yolanda] Washington State Publ Hlth Lab, Shoreline, WA 98155 USA. [Andress, Elizabeth] Univ Georgia, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Date, K (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Off Workforce & Career Dev, Global Immunizat Div, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM kdate@cdc.gov NR 32 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 27 PU INT ASSOC FOOD PROTECTION PI DES MOINES PA 6200 AURORA AVE SUITE 200W, DES MOINES, IA 50322-2863 USA SN 0362-028X J9 J FOOD PROTECT JI J. Food Prot. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 74 IS 12 BP 2090 EP 2096 DI 10.4315/0362-028X.JFP-11-128 PG 7 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology GA 859SK UT WOS:000297895900012 PM 22186049 ER PT J AU Kuklenyik, Z Calafat, AM Barr, JR Pirkle, JL AF Kuklenyik, Zsuzsanna Calafat, Antonia M. Barr, John R. Pirkle, James L. TI Design of online solid phase extraction-liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (SPE-LC-MS/MS) hyphenated systems for quantitative analysis of small organic compounds in biological matrices SO JOURNAL OF SEPARATION SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Atrazine; Bisphenol A; Mononucleotide; MS; Online SPE ID BLOOD MONONUCLEAR-CELLS; BASIC DRUGS; IONIZATION; COLUMNS; TRIPHOSPHATE; ENHANCEMENT; PH; UV AB Three online solid phase extraction-liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (SPE-LC-MS/MS) method examples are presented where two different types of chromatographic columns or solvent systems were coupled to meet specific analytical objectives: (i) SPE of target analytes by restricted access media from high ionic strength urine matrix was coupled with reversed phase LC-MS/MS conditions accommodating high ionization potentials of the analytes (urinary bisphenol A and other phenolic derivatives); (ii) strong cation exchange SPE of analytes of diverse polarity and pKa was coupled with reversed phase LC-MS/MS analysis (urinary atrazine metabolites); (iii) pre-concentration of low pg per sample analytes by weak anion exchange SPE was hyphenated with ion pair LC-MS analysis (intracellular nucleotide triphosphate analogs). With these examples we suggest a conductive generic work flow for the development of online SPE-LC-MS methods and show how advanced commercial LC devices and software allow for the design of complex yet highly versatile analytical separation systems suited to the unique physicochemical properties of the target analytes. C1 [Kuklenyik, Zsuzsanna; Calafat, Antonia M.; Barr, John R.; Pirkle, James L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Kuklenyik, Z (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, 4770 Buford Highway,Mailstop F50, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM zkuklenyik@cdc.gov NR 31 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 2 U2 51 PU WILEY PERIODICALS, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN STREET, MALDEN, MA 02148-529 USA SN 1615-9306 J9 J SEP SCI JI J. Sep. Sci. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 34 IS 24 BP 3606 EP 3618 DI 10.1002/jssc.201100562 PG 13 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 860NI UT WOS:000297954600019 PM 22162441 ER PT J AU Bortsov, AV Liese, AD Bell, RA Dabelea, D D'Agostino, RB Hamman, RF Klingensmith, GJ Lawrence, JM Maahs, DM McKeown, R Marcovina, SM Thomas, J Williams, DE Mayer-Davis, EJ AF Bortsov, Andrey V. Liese, Angela D. Bell, Ronny A. Dabelea, Dana D'Agostino, Ralph B., Jr. Hamman, Richard F. Klingensmith, Georgeanna J. Lawrence, Jean M. Maahs, David M. McKeown, Robert Marcovina, Santica M. Thomas, Joan Williams, Desmond E. Mayer-Davis, Elizabeth J. TI Sugar-sweetened and diet beverage consumption is associated with cardiovascular risk factor profile in youth with type 1 diabetes SO ACTA DIABETOLOGICA LA English DT Article DE Diabetes mellitus; Child; Adolescent; Beverages; Lipids ID METABOLIC SYNDROME; WEIGHT; ADOLESCENTS; SUCROSE; SEARCH AB The prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors among youth with type 1 diabetes is high and associated with age, gender, and race/ethnicity. It has also been shown that youth with type 1 diabetes often do not follow dietary recommendations. The objective of this cross-sectional observational study was to explore the association of sugar-sweetened and diet beverage intake with A1c, plasma lipids, adiponectin, leptin, systolic, and diastolic blood pressure in youth with type 1 diabetes. We examined data from 1,806 youth age 10-22 years with type 1 diabetes, of which 22% were minority (10% Hispanic, 8% African Americans, 4% other races) and 48% were female. Sugar-sweetened beverage, diet beverage, and mineral water intake was assessed with a food frequency questionnaire. After adjustment for socio-demographic and clinical covariates, physical activity and total energy intake, high sugar-sweetened beverage intake (at least one serving per day vs. none), was associated with higher levels of total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and plasma triglycerides, but not with A1c. High diet beverage intake was associated with higher A1c, total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and triglycerides. These associations were partially confounded by body mass index, saturated fat and total fiber intake. High sugar-sweetened beverage intake may have an adverse effect on CVD risk in youth with type 1 diabetes. Diet beverage intake may be a marker of unhealthy lifestyle which, in turn, is associated with worse metabolic control and CVD risk profile in these youth. Youth with diabetes should be encouraged to minimize sugar-sweetened beverage intake. C1 [Bortsov, Andrey V.; Liese, Angela D.; McKeown, Robert; Mayer-Davis, Elizabeth J.] Univ S Carolina, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, Arnold Sch Publ Hlth, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. [Liese, Angela D.] Univ S Carolina, Ctr Res Nutr & Hlth Dispar, Arnold Sch Publ Hlth, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. [Bell, Ronny A.] Wake Forest Univ, Dept Epidemiol & Prevent, Sch Med, Winston Salem, NC 27157 USA. [Dabelea, Dana; Hamman, Richard F.; Klingensmith, Georgeanna J.; Maahs, David M.] Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Denver, CO 80262 USA. [D'Agostino, Ralph B., Jr.] Wake Forest Univ, Dept Biostat Sci, Sch Med, Winston Salem, NC 27157 USA. [Klingensmith, Georgeanna J.; Maahs, David M.] Univ Colorado, Barbara Davis Ctr, Denver, CO 80262 USA. [Lawrence, Jean M.] Kaiser Permanente So Calif, Dept Res & Evaluat, Pasadena, CA 91101 USA. [Marcovina, Santica M.] Univ Washington, NW Lipid Res Labs, Dept Med, Seattle, WA 98109 USA. [Williams, Desmond E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Diabet Translat, NCCDPHP, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Thomas, Joan; Mayer-Davis, Elizabeth J.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Nutr, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. RP Liese, AD (reprint author), Univ S Carolina, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, Arnold Sch Publ Hlth, 800 Sumter St, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. EM liese@sc.edu RI Dagostino Jr, Ralph/C-4060-2017; OI Dagostino Jr, Ralph/0000-0002-3550-8395; McKeown, Robert/0000-0002-8829-5784 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [00097, DP-05-069]; National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases [U01 DP000246, U01 DP000247, U01 DP000245, U01 DP000248, U01 DP000254, U01 DP000244, U01 DP000250]; Medical University of South Carolina [M01 RR01070]; Cincinnati Children's Hospital [M01 RR08084]; University of Washington School of Medicine [M01RR00037, M01RR001271]; Colorado Pediatric General Clinical Research Center [M01 RR00069] FX Grant Support: SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth is funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (PA number 00097 and DP-05-069) and supported by the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. Site Contract Numbers: Kaiser Permanente Southern California (U01 DP000246), University of Colorado Health Sciences Center (U01 DP000247), Pacific Health Research Institute (U01 DP000245), Children's Hospital Medical Center (Cincinnati) (U01 DP000248), University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (U01 DP000254), University of Washington School of Medicine (U01 DP000244), Wake Forest University School of Medicine (U01 DP000250). The contents of this paper are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. The SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth Study is indebted to the many youth and their families, and their health care providers, whose participation made this study possible. The authors wish to acknowledge the involvement of General Clinical Research Centers (GCRC) at the following institutions in the SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth Study: Medical University of South Carolina (Grant number M01 RR01070); Cincinnati Children's Hospital (Grant number M01 RR08084); Children's Hospital and Regional Medical Center and the University of Washington School of Medicine (Grant numbers M01RR00037 and M01RR001271); Colorado Pediatric General Clinical Research Center (Grant number M01 RR00069). NR 28 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 19 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0940-5429 J9 ACTA DIABETOL JI Acta Diabetol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 48 IS 4 BP 275 EP 282 DI 10.1007/s00592-010-0246-9 PG 8 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 854SV UT WOS:000297515600002 PM 21249401 ER PT J AU Cunningham, TJ Berkman, LF Gortmaker, SL Kiefe, CI Jacobs, DR Seeman, TE Kawachi, I AF Cunningham, Timothy J. Berkman, Lisa F. Gortmaker, Steven L. Kiefe, Catarina I. Jacobs, David R., Jr. Seeman, Teresa E. Kawachi, Ichiro TI Assessment of Differential Item Functioning in the Experiences of Discrimination Index The Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) Study SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE African Americans; bias (epidemiology); observer variation; prejudice; psychometrics; questionnaires; reproducibility of results ID RACIAL-DISCRIMINATION; AFFIRMATIVE-ACTION; ETHNIC DISCRIMINATION; AFRICAN-AMERICANS; BLOOD-PRESSURE; HEALTH; MARKETS; BIAS AB The psychometric properties of instruments used to measure self-reported experiences of discrimination in epidemiologic studies are rarely assessed, especially regarding construct validity. The authors used 2000-2001 data from the Coronary Artery Risk Development in Young Adults (CARDIA) Study to examine differential item functioning (DIF) in 2 versions of the Experiences of Discrimination (EOD) Index, an index measuring self-reported experiences of racial/ethnic and gender discrimination. DIF may confound interpretation of subgroup differences. Large DIF was observed for 2 of 7 racial/ethnic discrimination items: White participants reported more racial/ethnic discrimination for the "at school" item, and black participants reported more racial/ethnic discrimination for the "getting housing" item. The large DIF by race/ethnicity in the index for racial/ethnic discrimination probably reflects item impact and is the result of valid group differences between blacks and whites regarding their respective experiences of discrimination. The authors also observed large DIF by race/ethnicity for 3 of 7 gender discrimination items. This is more likely to have been due to item bias. Users of the EOD Index must consider the advantages and disadvantages of DIF adjustment (omitting items, constructing separate measures, and retaining items). The EOD Index has substantial usefulness as an instrument that can assess self-reported experiences of discrimination. C1 [Cunningham, Timothy J.; Berkman, Lisa F.; Gortmaker, Steven L.; Kawachi, Ichiro] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Soc Human Dev & Hlth, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Berkman, Lisa F.] Harvard Univ, Harvard Ctr Populat & Dev Studies, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Kiefe, Catarina I.] Univ Massachusetts, Sch Med, Dept Quantitat Hlth Sci, Worcester, MA USA. [Jacobs, David R., Jr.] Univ Minnesota, Sch Publ Hlth, Div Epidemiol, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Seeman, Teresa E.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Med, Div Geriatr, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Cunningham, TJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 4770 Buford Highway NE,Mailstop K-22, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM tjcunningham@cdc.gov FU National Institutes of Health [N01-HC-05187, N01-HC-45134, N01-HC-45204, N01-HC-45205, N01-HC-48047, N01-HC-48048, N01-HC-48049, N01-HC-48050, N01-HC-95095]; National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation Research Network on Socioeconomic Status and Health; Association of Schools of Public Health/Centers for Disease Control and Prevention/Prevention Research Center FX This work was funded by the National Institutes of Health (contracts N01-HC-05187, N01-HC-45134, N01-HC-45204, N01-HC-45205, N01-HC-48047, N01-HC-48048, N01-HC-48049, N01-HC-48050, and N01-HC-95095 from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute). This work was also funded in part by the John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation Research Network on Socioeconomic Status and Health. Dr. Timothy Cunningham was supported by the Association of Schools of Public Health/Centers for Disease Control and Prevention/Prevention Research Center Minority Health Fellowship Program. NR 36 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 9 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD DEC 1 PY 2011 VL 174 IS 11 BP 1266 EP 1274 DI 10.1093/aje/kwr253 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 855UG UT WOS:000297590100009 PM 22038104 ER PT J AU Cheek, JE Hennessy, TW Redd, JT Cobb, N Bryan, RT AF Cheek, James E. Hennessy, Thomas W. Redd, John T. Cobb, Nat Bryan, Ralph T. TI Epidemic Assistance From the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Involving American Indians and Alaska Natives, 1946-2005 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE hantavirus pulmonary syndrome; hepatitis A; Indians; North American; infectious disease medicine; Inuits; respiratory tract infections; vaccines; zoonoses ID HANTAVIRUS PULMONARY SYNDROME; SOUTHWESTERN UNITED-STATES; TRENDS; HOSPITALIZATIONS; VACCINATION; OUTBREAK; CHILDREN AB The authors describe 169 Centers for Disease Control and Prevention epidemic-assistance investigations involving American Indians and Alaska Natives that occurred during 1946-2005. The unique relation between the US federal government and American Indian and Alaska Native tribes is described in the context of transfer in the 1950s of responsibility for Indian health to the US Public Health Service, which at the time included the Communicable Disease Center, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's precursor. The vast majority of epidemic-assistance investigations were for infectious disease outbreaks (86%), with a relatively limited number, since 1980 only, involving environmental exposures and chronic disease. Although outbreaks investigated were often widespread geographically, the majority were limited in scope, typically involving fewer than 100 patients. Epidemic-assistance investigations for hepatitis A, gastrointestinal and foodborne infectious diseases, vaccine-preventable diseases, zoonotic and vectorborne diseases, acute respiratory tract infections, environmental exposures, and chronic diseases are described chronologically in more detail. C1 [Cheek, James E.; Redd, John T.; Cobb, Nat] Indian Hlth Serv, Div Epidemiol & Dis Prevent, Albuquerque, NM USA. [Hennessy, Thomas W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Arct Invest Program, Anchorage, AK USA. [Bryan, Ralph T.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Minor Hlth & Hlth Dispar, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Cheek, JE (reprint author), Univ New Mexico, Hlth Sci Ctr, Univ New Mexico 1, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. EM jcheek@unm.edu NR 32 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 6 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD DEC 1 PY 2011 VL 174 SU 11 BP S89 EP S96 DI 10.1093/aje/kwr311 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 856MC UT WOS:000297644700009 PM 22135397 ER PT J AU Falk, H Briss, P AF Falk, Henry Briss, Peter TI Environmental- and Injury-related Epidemic-Assistance Investigations, 1946-2005 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE disasters; environment; environment and public health; hazardous substances; heavy metal toxicity; pesticides; terrorism; wounds and injuries ID POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYL LEVELS; EOSINOPHILIA-MYALGIA-SYNDROME; BLOOD LEAD LEVELS; TERTIARY-BUTYL ETHER; INTENSIVE-CARE UNIT; ST-HELENS ERUPTIONS; RISK-FACTORS; HEAT-WAVE; HEPATIC ANGIOSARCOMA; HURRICANE-KATRINA AB This paper summarizes environmental investigations (n = 458) conducted during the first 60 years of the epidemic-assistance investigation program at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. These investigations were grouped into 10 categories: toxic chemicals (n = 102), indoor air quality and outdoor air toxics (n = 21), new or rare epidemic diseases and unexplained syndromes (n = 29), natural disasters (n = 81), terrorism and unintentional human-made disasters (n = 9), substance use and abuse (n = 13), environmental aspects of infectious disease (n = 132), those affecting neonates and infants (n = 11), violence and injuries (n = 51), and miscellaneous (n = 9). Among the most important or prominent were studies of lead and arsenic toxicity at smelters, mercury in paint and beauty creams, dioxin in waste oil in Missouri, polychlorinated biphenyls and multiple other toxic chemicals, global pesticide poisoning outbreaks, hepatic angiosarcoma among vinyl chloride workers, toxic oil syndrome in Spain, eosinophilia-myalgia syndrome from contaminated L-tryptophan, diethylene glycol poisoning in Haiti, aflatoxicosis in Kenya, Gulf War illness among veterans, impact and needs assessments during natural disasters (e.g., Hurricane Katrina (2005) and the Mount St. Helens volcano eruptions (1980)), risk factors for heat-related mortality, domestic and international terrorist attacks, Parkinsonism related to 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine in California, and unintentional injury- and violence-related events. C1 [Falk, Henry] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Deputy Director Noncommunicable Dis Injury &, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Briss, Peter] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Director, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Falk, H (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Deputy Director Noncommunicable Dis Injury &, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS F-64, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM hxf1@cdc.gov NR 146 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 5 U2 27 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 EI 1476-6256 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD DEC 1 PY 2011 VL 174 SU 11 BP S65 EP S79 DI 10.1093/aje/kwr313 PG 15 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 856MC UT WOS:000297644700007 PM 22135395 ER PT J AU Frieden, TR AF Frieden, Thomas R. TI Afterword SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material DE Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U; S; ); epidemics; public health; world health AB In 1949, Alexander Langmuir became the first chief epidemiologist at the Communicable Disease Center (CDC) in Atlanta, Georgia. Among his many contributions to the agency and to public health, 2 of the most important-the Epidemic Intelligence Service (EIS) and his particular brand of epidemic-assistance investigation (the Epi-Aid)-are highlighted in this supplement to the American Journal of Epidemiology. What makes these and many other of Langmuir's innovations so remarkable is their continued relevance to the health challenges we face in this new century. CDC (now the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) is recognized globally for its quality science, not only in epidemiology and laboratory practice but also in the behavioral and social sciences, statistics, and economics. Support to state and local health departments has been instrumental to CDC's success during its first 60 years, and the articles describing Epi-Aids in this supplement capture this partnership elegantly. They also reflect the evolution of CDC from an agency focused almost entirely on communicable diseases to one engaged in a broad array of global public health challenges. C1 [Frieden, Thomas R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Frieden, Thomas R.] Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registry, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Frieden, TR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS D-14, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 5 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD DEC 1 PY 2011 VL 174 SU 11 BP S113 EP S114 DI 10.1093/aje/kwr305 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 856MC UT WOS:000297644700011 PM 22135389 ER PT J AU Hadler, SC Castro, KG Dowdle, W Hicks, L Noble, G Ridzon, R AF Hadler, Stephen C. Castro, Kenneth G. Dowdle, Walter Hicks, Lauri Noble, Gary Ridzon, Renee TI Epidemic Intelligence Service Investigations of Respiratory Illness, 1946-2005 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE hantavirus; influenza; human; Legionnaires' disease; severe acute respiratory syndrome; Streptococcus pneumoniae; tuberculosis; multidrug-resistant ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; RESISTANT MYCOBACTERIUM-TUBERCULOSIS; NOSOCOMIAL LEGIONNAIRES-DISEASE; HANTAVIRUS-PULMONARY-SYNDROME; LENGTH-POLYMORPHISM ANALYSIS; NURSING-HOME RESIDENTS; HIV-INFECTED PATIENTS; HEALTH-CARE WORKERS; MEAT-PACKING PLANT; UNITED-STATES AB Infectious respiratory pathogens were the suspected cause of 480 outbreaks investigated by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Epidemic Intelligence Service officers during 1946-2005. All epidemic-assistance investigation reports and associated articles from scientific journals were reviewed. Investigations identified 25 different infectious respiratory pathogens including, most frequently, tuberculosis, influenza, and legionellosis. Other bacterial-, viral-, and fungal-related pathogens also were identified. Epidemic-assistance investigations were notable for first identifying Legionnaires disease and Pontiac fever, hantavirus pulmonary syndrome, and new strains of human and avian influenza, as well as emerging challenges (e.g., multidrug-resistant tuberculosis and pneumococcus). The investigations provided clinical insights into such diseases as pulmonary anthrax and identified high risks of serious respiratory illnesses for persons infected with human immunodeficiency virus, other immunocompromised persons, and persons with diabetes. They identified settings placing persons at high risk of acquiring disease, including nursing homes, prisons, homeless shelters, and hospitals. Travel also placed persons at risk. Key environmental factors related to spread of diseases and occupational risks for brucellosis and psittacosis were identified. The outbreak investigations constitute a wealth of prevention experience and provide the basis for recommendations to mitigate outbreaks and reduce future risks. C1 [Hadler, Stephen C.; Hicks, Lauri] CDC, Div Bacterial Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Castro, Kenneth G.] CDC, Div TB Eliminat, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Dowdle, Walter] Task Force Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Noble, Gary] CDC, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Stone Mt, GA USA. [Ridzon, Renee] Bill & Melinda Gates Fdn, Seattle, WA USA. RP Hadler, SC (reprint author), CDC, Div Bacterial Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS C-25, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM sch1@cdc.gov NR 105 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 11 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 EI 1476-6256 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD DEC 1 PY 2011 VL 174 SU 11 BP S36 EP S46 DI 10.1093/aje/kwr309 PG 11 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 856MC UT WOS:000297644700005 PM 22135392 ER PT J AU Hinman, AR Orenstein, WA Schuchat, A AF Hinman, Alan R. Orenstein, Walter A. Schuchat, Anne TI Vaccine-preventable Diseases, Immunizations, and the Epidemic Intelligence Service SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE immunization; immunization programs; prevention and control; vaccines ID INACTIVATED POLIOVIRUS VACCINATION; UNITED-STATES; CUTTER INCIDENT; MEASLES; POLIOMYELITIS; MORTALITY; OUTBREAK AB During 1946-2005, vaccine-preventable diseases were the topic of approximately 20% of all epidemic-assistance investigations by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Both in the United States and abroad, current and former Epidemic Intelligence Service officers have played a critical role in describing the epidemiology of vaccine-preventable diseases, contributing to development of immunization policies, participating in the implementation of immunization programs, and establishing effective means for assessing adverse events following immunization. As newer vaccines are developed and introduced, they will continue to play similar roles and most likely will be involved increasingly in investigations of the factors that affect people's willingness to accept vaccination for themselves or their children. C1 [Hinman, Alan R.] Task Force Global Hlth, Decatur, GA 30030 USA. [Orenstein, Walter A.] Bill & Melinda Gates Fdn, Seattle, WA USA. [Schuchat, Anne] Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Hinman, AR (reprint author), Task Force Global Hlth, 325 Swanton Way, Decatur, GA 30030 USA. EM ahinman@taskforce.org NR 29 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 6 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD DEC 1 PY 2011 VL 174 SU 11 BP S16 EP S22 DI 10.1093/aje/kwr306 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 856MC UT WOS:000297644700003 PM 22135390 ER PT J AU Rochat, RW Heath, CW Chu, SY Marchbanks, PA AF Rochat, Roger W. Heath, Clark W., Jr. Chu, Susan Y. Marchbanks, Polly A. TI Maternal and Child Health Epidemic-Assistance Investigations, 1946-2005 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE abortion; induced; congenital abnormalities; family planning services; infant mortality; maternal health services; pregnancy in adolescence; reproductive medicine; Reye syndrome ID NEURAL-TUBE DEFECTS; REYES-SYNDROME; UNITED-STATES; NECROTIZING ENTEROCOLITIS; CONGENITAL-MALFORMATIONS; CLUSTER INVESTIGATIONS; INFANT-MORTALITY; INDUCED-ABORTION; LEGAL-ABORTION; ACUTE-LEUKEMIA AB In this article, the authors focus on epidemic-assistance investigations that dealt with maternal and child health problems, including unintended and adolescent pregnancy and family planning; international reproductive health surveys among refugees; pregnancy outcomes, including abortion, maternal mortality, infant mortality, and birth defects; leukemia; and Reye syndrome. During 1946-2005, a total of 1,969 investigations had sufficient data to classify them as possibly related to maternal and child health and were characterized by distinctive periods. Those related to family planning, pregnancy intention, and reproductive health among refugees began in the early 1970s and continued through 2005. Abortion-related investigations occurred during 1971-1982. Investigations of non-abortion-related maternal morbidity and mortality began in 1979 and included 2 international epidemic-assistance investigations. Investigations of clusters of disease among infants began in the 1960s, with a special focus on Reye syndrome during 1964-1984. Investigations of childhood cancer and birth defects began in the late 1950s. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has used the epidemic-assistance investigations mechanism to respond to a wide range of health concerns of women and children. The investigations of abortion-related health problems might have had the best-documented impact on public policy and public health. C1 [Rochat, Roger W.] Emory Univ, Hubert Dept Global Hlth, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Chu, Susan Y.; Marchbanks, Polly A.] CDC, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Rochat, RW (reprint author), Emory Univ, Hubert Dept Global Hlth, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, 1518 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop 1518-002-7BB,Room 700, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. EM rrochat@emory.edu RI Rochat, Roger/J-9802-2012 NR 85 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 8 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 EI 1476-6256 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD DEC 1 PY 2011 VL 174 SU 11 BP S80 EP S88 DI 10.1093/aje/kwr304 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 856MC UT WOS:000297644700008 PM 22135396 ER PT J AU Rolle, IV Pearson, ML Nsubuga, P AF Rolle, Italia V. Pearson, Michele L. Nsubuga, Peter TI Fifty-Five Years of International Epidemic-Assistance Investigations Conducted by CDC's Disease Detectives SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U; S; ); epidemics; epidemiologic methods; world health; World Health Organization ID REEMERGING INFECTIOUS-DISEASES; GLOBAL PUBLIC-HEALTH; INTELLIGENCE SERVICE; RISK-FACTORS; FIELD EPIDEMIOLOGY; SIERRA-LEONE; FEVER; OUTBREAK; CENTERS; EASTERN AB For more than 60 years, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has used its scientific expertise to help people throughout the world live healthier, safer, longer lives through science-based health action. In 1951, CDC officially established the Epidemic Intelligence Service to help build public health capacity. During 1950-2005, CDC's Epidemic Intelligence Service officers conducted 462 international epidemiologic field investigations in 131 foreign countries and 7 territories. Investigations have included responding to emerging infectious and noninfectious disease outbreaks, assisting in disaster response, and evaluating core components of public health programs worldwide. Approximately 81% of investigations were responses to infectious disease outbreaks, but the proportion of investigations related to chronic and other noninfectious conditions increased 7-fold (6%-45%). These investigations have contributed to detecting and characterizing new pathogens (e.g., severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus) and conditions, provided insights regarding factors that cause or contribute to disease acquisition (e.g., Ebola hemorrhagic fever), led to development of new diagnostics and surveillance technologies, and provided information upon which global health policies and regulations can be based. CDC's disease detectives will undoubtedly continue to play a critical role in global health and in responding to emerging global disease threats. C1 [Rolle, Italia V.; Nsubuga, Peter] CDC, Div Publ Hlth Syst & Workforce Dev, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Pearson, Michele L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Rolle, IV (reprint author), CDC, Div Publ Hlth Syst & Workforce Dev, Ctr Global Hlth, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop E-93, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM irolle@cdc.gov NR 65 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 13 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 EI 1476-6256 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD DEC 1 PY 2011 VL 174 SU 11 BP S97 EP S112 DI 10.1093/aje/kwr312 PG 16 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 856MC UT WOS:000297644700010 PM 22135398 ER PT J AU Thacker, SB Stroup, DF Sencer, DJ AF Thacker, Stephen B. Stroup, Donna F. Sencer, David J. TI Epidemic Assistance by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: Role of the Epidemic Intelligence Service, 1946-2005 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (U; S; ); population surveillance; preventive medicine; sentinel surveillance ID FIELD INVESTIGATIONS AB Since 1946, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has responded to urgent requests from US states, federal agencies, and international organizations through epidemic-assistance investigations (Epi-Aids). The authors describe the first 60 years of Epi-Aids, breadth of problems addressed, evolution of methodologies, scope of activities, and impact of investigations on population health. They reviewed Epi-Aid reports and EIS Bulletins, contacted current and former Epidemic Intelligence Service staff, and systematically searched the PubMed and Web of Science databases. They abstracted information on dates, location, staff involved, health problems, methods, and impacts of investigations according to a preplanned protocol. They assessed the methods presented as well as the quality of reports. During 1946-2005, a total of 4,484 investigations of health events were initiated by 2,815 Epidemic Intelligence Service officers. In the early years, the majority were in response to infectious agents, although environmental problems emerged. Investigations in subsequent years focused on occupational conditions, birth defects, reproductive health, tobacco use, cancer, violence, legal debate, and terrorism. These Epi-Aids heralded expansion of the agency's mission and presented new methods in statistics and epidemiology. Recommendations from Epi-Aids led to policy implementation, evaluation, or modification. Epi-Aids provide the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention with the agility to respond rapidly to public health crises. C1 [Thacker, Stephen B.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Surveillance Epidemiol & Lab Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Stroup, Donna F.] Data Solut Inc, Decatur, GA USA. RP Thacker, SB (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Surveillance Epidemiol & Lab Serv, 1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM sbt1@cdc.gov NR 16 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 4 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD DEC 1 PY 2011 VL 174 SU 11 BP S4 EP S15 DI 10.1093/aje/kwr307 PG 12 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 856MC UT WOS:000297644700002 PM 22135393 ER PT J AU Wright, AP Gould, LH Mahon, B Sotir, MJ Tauxe, RV AF Wright, Ashton P. Gould, L. Hannah Mahon, Barbara Sotir, Mark J. Tauxe, Robert V. TI Overview of the Impact of Epidemic-Assistance Investigations of Foodborne and Other Enteric Disease Outbreaks, 1946-2005 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE cholera; enterobacteriaceae; Escherichia coli; foodborne diseases; hemolytic-uremic syndrome; Listeria monocytogenes; norovirus; salmonella infections ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI O157-H7; HEMOLYTIC-UREMIC-SYNDROME; SHIGELLA-DYSENTERIAE TYPE-1; PASSENGER CRUISE SHIPS; MULTISTATE OUTBREAK; UNITED-STATES; YERSINIA-ENTEROCOLITICA; PHAGE TYPE-4; A BOTULISM; GASTROINTESTINAL ILLNESS AB Epidemic-assistance investigations (Epi-Aids) in response to outbreaks of foodborne and other enteric pathogens have identified novel pathogens, clinical syndromes, and sequelae; described new reservoirs and vehicles of transmission; evaluated existing prevention strategies; and identified deficiencies in the food safety systems on local, national, and international levels. Since the first Epi-Aid was issued in 1946, approximately 23% (1,023 of 4,484 for which investigations were initiated) of all Epi-Aids have been related to foodborne or other enteric diseases. Epi-Aid results have yielded valuable insights into the epidemiology of these pathogens and have molded prevention strategies for detecting, responding to, and preventing future outbreaks. New challenges, brought about in part by centralization and globalization of the food supply, will continue to emerge. The need for Epi-Aids of such outbreaks undoubtedly will persist as an integral part of future public health response efforts, prevention strategies, and training programs. C1 [Wright, Ashton P.] Atlanta Res & Educ Fdn, Lexington, KY 40502 USA. [Wright, Ashton P.; Gould, L. Hannah; Mahon, Barbara; Sotir, Mark J.; Tauxe, Robert V.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Wright, AP (reprint author), Atlanta Res & Educ Fdn, 723 Cramer Ave, Lexington, KY 40502 USA. EM ashtonpotterwright@uky.edu NR 107 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 14 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD DEC 1 PY 2011 VL 174 SU 11 BP S23 EP S35 DI 10.1093/aje/kwr308 PG 13 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 856MC UT WOS:000297644700004 PM 22135391 ER PT J AU Cosgrove, S Cronquist, A Wright, G Ghosh, T Vogt, R Teitell, P Gelfius, A Spires, C Duvernoy, T Merriweather, S Freeman, M Griffin, PM Jackson, KA Joseph, LA Mahon, BE Neil, K Silk, BJ Tarr, C Tauxe, R Trees, E Ibraheem, M Imanishi, M Jain, N McCollum, J O'Connor, KA AF Cosgrove, Shaun Cronquist, Alicia Wright, Gail Ghosh, Tista Vogt, Richard Teitell, Paul Gelfius, Allen Spires, Charlotte Duvernoy, Tracy Merriweather, Sheila Freeman, Molly Griffin, Patricia M. Jackson, Kelly A. Joseph, Lavin A. Mahon, Barbara E. Neil, Karen Silk, Benjamin J. Tarr, Cheryl Tauxe, Robert Trees, Eija Ibraheem, Mam Imanishi, Maho Jain, Neena McCollum, Jeffrey O'Connor, Katherine A. TI Multistate Outbreak of Listeriosis Associated with Jensen Farms CantaloupeuUnited States, August-September 2011 (Reprinted from vol 60, pg 1357-1358, 2011) SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION LA English DT Reprint C1 [Ibraheem, Mam; Imanishi, Maho; Jain, Neena; McCollum, Jeffrey; O'Connor, Katherine A.] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM gqv8@cdc.gov NR 3 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1600-6135 J9 AM J TRANSPLANT JI Am. J. Transplant. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 11 IS 12 BP 2768 EP 2769 DI 10.1111/j.1600-6143.2011.03885.x PG 2 WC Surgery; Transplantation SC Surgery; Transplantation GA 853FO UT WOS:000297411800031 ER PT J AU Parks, BA Shearer, JD Baudys, J Kalb, SR Sanford, DC Pirkle, JL Barr, JR AF Parks, Bryan A. Shearer, Jeffry D. Baudys, Jakub Kalb, Suzanne R. Sanford, Daniel C. Pirkle, James L. Barr, John R. TI Quantification of Botulinum Neurotoxin Serotypes A and B from Serum Using Mass Spectrometry SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID INHALATION ANTHRAX; INFANT BOTULISM; RHESUS MACAQUES; LETHAL FACTOR; ENDOPEP-MS; PCR ASSAY; A TOXIN; CLOSTRIDIA; POTENCY; SAMPLES AB Botulinum neurotoxins (BoNT) are the deadliest agents known. Previously, we reported an endopeptidase activity based method (Endopep-MS) that detects and differentiates BoNT serotypes A-G. This method uses serotype specific monoclonal antibodies and the specific enzymatic activity of BoNT against peptide substrates which mimic the toxin's natural target. Cleavage products from the reaction are detected by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. We have now developed a multiple reaction monitoring method to quantify the biological activity of BoNT serotypes A (BoNT/A) and B (BoNT/B) present in 0.5 mL of serum using electrospray mass spectrometry. The limit of quantification for each serotype is 1 mouse intraperitoneal lethal dose (MIPLD(50)) corresponding to 31 pg of BoNT/A and 15 pg of BoNT/B in this study. This method was applied to serum from rhesus macaques with inhalational botulism following exposure to BoNT/B, showing a maximum activity of 6.0 MIPLD(50)/mL in surviving animals and 653.6 MIPLD(50)/mL in animals that died in the study. The method detects BoNT/B in serum 2-5 h after exposure and up to 14 days. This is the first report of a quantitative method with sufficient sensitivity, selectivity, and low sample size requirements to measure circulating BoNT activity at multiple times during the course of botulism. C1 [Parks, Bryan A.; Baudys, Jakub; Kalb, Suzanne R.; Pirkle, James L.; Barr, John R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Shearer, Jeffry D.] DynPort Vaccine Co LLC, Frederick, MD USA. [Sanford, Daniel C.] Battelle Biomed Res Ctr, W Jefferson, OH USA. RP Kalb, SR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 4770 Buford Highway, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM ssk7@cdc.gov OI Kalb, Suzanne/0000-0002-8067-136X NR 29 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 2 U2 18 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-2700 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD DEC 1 PY 2011 VL 83 IS 23 BP 9047 EP 9053 DI 10.1021/ac201910q PG 7 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 854FZ UT WOS:000297481700033 PM 22017298 ER PT J AU Nelson, AE Renner, JB Schwartz, TA Kraus, VB Helmick, CG Jordan, JM AF Nelson, Amanda E. Renner, Jordan B. Schwartz, Todd A. Kraus, Virginia B. Helmick, Charles G. Jordan, Joanne M. TI Differences in multijoint radiographic osteoarthritis phenotypes among African Americans and Caucasians: The Johnston County Osteoarthritis project SO ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM LA English DT Article ID 1ST NATIONAL-HEALTH; KNEE OSTEOARTHRITIS; JOINT INVOLVEMENT; HAND OSTEOARTHRITIS; GENERALIZED OSTEOARTHRITIS; HIP OSTEOARTHRITIS; WOMEN; ASSOCIATION; POPULATION; PREVALENCE AB Objective To define and contrast multiple joint radiographic osteoarthritis (OA) phenotypes describing hand and whole-body radiographic OA among African Americans and Caucasians. Methods. We conducted a cross-sectional analysis in the Johnston County Osteoarthritis Project, using radiographic data for the hands, tibiofemoral (TF) joints, patellofemoral joints, hips, and lumbosacral (LS) spine. Radiographs were read for OA by a single radiologist using standard atlases. Fisher's exact test, with correction for multiple comparisons, was used to compare phenotype frequencies by race and sex. Logistic regression was used to provide odds ratios, which were adjusted for sex, age, and body mass index (BMI). Results. Sixteen mutually exclusive hand (n = 2,083) and 32 whole-body (n = 1,419) radiographic OA phenotypes were identified. We found that in comparison to Caucasians, African Americans had significantly less frequent radiographic OA of the distal interphalangeal joints, both in isolation and in combination with other hand joint sites, but had comparable frequencies of radiographic OA for other hand joint sites. Moreover, African Americans had less frequent radiographic OA of the hand, both in isolation and in combination with other joint sites, as compared to Caucasians. In contrast, African Americans had more than twice the odds of isolated OA of the TF joint and 77% higher odds of radiographic OA of the TF joint and LS spine together as compared to Caucasians. Conclusion. Even after adjustment for sex, age, and BMI, African Americans were less likely than Caucasians to have hand radiographic OA phenotypes, but more likely to have knee radiographic OA phenotypes involving the TF joint. African Americans may have a higher burden of multiple large-joint OA involvement not captured by most definitions of "generalized OA." C1 [Nelson, Amanda E.] Univ N Carolina, Thurston Arthrit Res Ctr, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Kraus, Virginia B.] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Durham, NC USA. [Helmick, Charles G.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Nelson, AE (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Thurston Arthrit Res Ctr, 3300 Doc J Thurston Bldg CB 7280, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. EM aenelson@med.unc.edu RI Schwartz, Todd/D-4995-2012 OI Schwartz, Todd/0000-0002-0232-2543 FU NIH (National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases) [P60-AR-30701, L30-AR-056604]; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the Association of Schools of Public Health (CDC/ASPH) [S043, S3486]; American College of Rheumatology Research and Education Foundation FX Supported in part by the NIH (National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases grant P60-AR-30701 to Drs. Renner, Schwartz, and Jordan) and by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the Association of Schools of Public Health (CDC/ASPH grants S043 and S3486 to Drs. Renner and Jordan). Dr. Nelson's work was supported by the American College of Rheumatology Research and Education Foundation (Clinical Investigator Fellowship award 2009) and by the NIH (National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases Loan Repayment award L30-AR-056604). NR 35 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0004-3591 J9 ARTHRITIS RHEUM-US JI Arthritis Rheum. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 63 IS 12 BP 3843 EP 3852 DI 10.1002/art.30610 PG 10 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA 853XH UT WOS:000297458500023 PM 22020742 ER PT J AU Wong, CA Jim, MA King, J Tom-Orme, L Henderson, JA Saraiya, M Richardson, LC Layne, L Suryaprasad, A Espey, DK AF Wong, Charlene A. Jim, Melissa A. King, Jessica Tom-Orme, Lillian Henderson, Jeffrey A. Saraiya, Mona Richardson, Lisa C. Layne, Larry Suryaprasad, Anil Espey, David K. TI Impact of hysterectomy and bilateral oophorectomy prevalence on rates of cervical, uterine, and ovarian cancer among American Indian and Alaska Native women, 1999-2004 SO CANCER CAUSES & CONTROL LA English DT Article DE Hysterectomy; American Indian/Alaska Native; Cervical cancer; Incidence ID DISEASE RISK-FACTORS; UNITED-STATES; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; ENDOMETRIAL CANCER; HEALTH; MORTALITY; CARCINOMA; CORPUS; SURVEILLANCE; SYSTEM AB Objective To present more accurate incidence rates of cervical, uterine, and ovarian cancer by geographic region in American Indian/Alaska Native (AI/AN) women. Methods The authors used data from central cancer registries linked to Indian Health Service (IHS) patient registration database, the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, IHS National Data Warehouse, and the National Hospital Discharge Survey. Cancer incidence rates were adjusted for hysterectomy and oophorectomy prevalence and presented by region for non-Hispanic White (NHW) and AI/AN women. Results AI/AN women had a higher prevalence of hysterectomy (23.1%) compared with NHW women (20.9%). Correcting cancer rates for population-at-risk significantly increased the cancer incidence rates among AI/AN women: 43% for cervical cancer, 67% for uterine cancer, and 37% for ovarian cancer. Risk-correction led to increased differences in cervical cancer incidence between AI/AN and NHW women in certain regions. Conclusions Current reporting of cervical, uterine, and ovarian cancer underestimates the incidence in women at risk and can affect the measure of cancer disparities. Improved cancer surveillance using methodology to correct for population-at-risk may better inform disease control priorities for AI/AN populations. C1 [Espey, David K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Indian Hlth Serv Div Epidemiol & Dis Prevent, Albuquerque, NM 87110 USA. [Wong, Charlene A.; Jim, Melissa A.; King, Jessica; Saraiya, Mona; Richardson, Lisa C.; Suryaprasad, Anil; Espey, David K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA USA. [Jim, Melissa A.; Layne, Larry] Indian Hlth Serv, Div Epidemiol & Dis Prevent, Albuquerque, NM USA. [Tom-Orme, Lillian] Univ Utah, Salt Lake City, UT USA. [Henderson, Jeffrey A.] Black Hills Ctr Amer Indian Hlth, Rapid City, SD USA. RP Espey, DK (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Indian Hlth Serv Div Epidemiol & Dis Prevent, 5300 Homestead Rd NE, Albuquerque, NM 87110 USA. EM david.espey@ihs.gov FU External Medical Affairs, Pfizer Inc FX We would like to thank Harland Austin for his assistance in the statistical analysis. We also thank Annie Fair, Diana Redwood, Marty Slattery, and Alan Waxman for their contributions. Charlene Wong worked on this project during her one-year fellowship The CDC Experience, a public/private partnership supported by a grant to the CDC Foundation from External Medical Affairs, Pfizer Inc. NR 53 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 4 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0957-5243 J9 CANCER CAUSE CONTROL JI Cancer Causes Control PD DEC PY 2011 VL 22 IS 12 BP 1681 EP 1689 DI 10.1007/s10552-011-9844-2 PG 9 WC Oncology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Oncology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 858LO UT WOS:000297799200007 PM 21984306 ER PT J AU Adam, BW Hall, EM Sternberg, M Lim, TH Flores, SR O'Brien, S Simms, D Li, LX De Jesus, VR Hannon, WH AF Adam, B. W. Hall, E. M. Sternberg, M. Lim, T. H. Flores, S. R. O'Brien, S. Simms, D. Li, L. X. De Jesus, V. R. Hannon, W. H. TI The stability of markers in dried-blood spots for recommended newborn screening disorders in the United States SO CLINICAL BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Newborn screening; Disorder markers; Dried-blood spots; Storage conditions; Temperature effects; Humidity effects; Sample stability ID TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY; FILTER-PAPER; AMINO-ACIDS; ACYLCARNITINES; STORAGE; SAMPLES; DEFICIENCY; SPECIMENS; GALACTOSE AB Objective: We aimed to measure separately the contributions of heat and humidity to changes in levels of 34 markers of inborn disorders in dried-blood-spot (DBS) samples. Design and methods: We stored paired sets of DBSs at 37 degrees C for predetermined intervals in low-humidity and high-humidity environments. Marker levels of all samples in each complete sample set were measured in a single analytic run. Results: During the 30 +/- 5 day studies, galactose-1-phosphate uridyltransferase and biotinidase lost almost 65% of initial activities in low-humidity storage: most of the degradation in 27 other markers was attributable to adverse effects of high-humidity storage: seven markers in DBSs stored at high humidity lost more than 90% of initial levels by the end of the study and 4 of the 7 lost more than 50% of initial levels within the first week of storage. Conclusions: Minimizing both humidity and temperature in DES transportation and storage environments is essential to maintaining sample integrity. (C) 2011 The Canadian Society of Clinical Chemists. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Adam, B. W.; Hall, E. M.; Sternberg, M.; Lim, T. H.; Flores, S. R.; O'Brien, S.; Simms, D.; Li, L. X.; De Jesus, V. R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Hannon, W. H.] CDC, Buford, GA 30519 USA. RP Adam, BW (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, 4770 Buford Highway NE, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM BAdam@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX We thank Hien Nguyen for performing the tandem mass spectrometry amino acid analyses for the studies reported here. Ms. Nguyen and author D. Simms were funded by the Research Participation Program at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, an interagency agreement with the U.S. Department of Energy administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education. Authors S.R. Flores, E.M. Hall, and S. O'Brien are employees of Battelle, Atlanta, GA who are under contract to CDC. NR 22 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 9 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0009-9120 EI 1873-2933 J9 CLIN BIOCHEM JI Clin. Biochem. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 44 IS 17-18 BP 1445 EP 1450 DI 10.1016/j.clinbiochem.2011.09.010 PG 6 WC Medical Laboratory Technology SC Medical Laboratory Technology GA 855NE UT WOS:000297570300017 PM 21963384 ER PT J AU Dorell, C Yankey, D Strasser, S AF Dorell, Christina Yankey, David Strasser, Sheryl TI Parent-Reported Reasons for Nonreceipt of Recommended Adolescent Vaccinations, National Immunization Survey-Teen, 2009 SO CLINICAL PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE adolescent medicine; general pediatrics ID AGED 13-17 YEARS; HUMAN-PAPILLOMAVIRUS VACCINATION; UNITED-STATES; ADVISORY-COMMITTEE; PRACTICES ACIP; CARE PROVIDERS; COVERAGE; VACCINES; PHYSICIANS AB Objectives: To identify parent-reported reasons for non-receipt of adolescent vaccinations by provider recommendation status. Methods: Parental reasons for non-receipt of adolescent vaccines were analyzed among adolescents 13-17 years using data from the 2009 National Immunization Survey-Teen (n=20,066). Results: Among unvaccinated adolescents, 87.9% (Td/Tdap), 90.9% (MenACWY), and 66.0% (HPV) of parents reported that they did not receive a healthcare provider recommendation for their adolescent to receive the vaccine. Among those without a provider recommendation, the most common reasons for not receiving the vaccines were 'vaccine not recommended' [Td/Tdap, MenACWY] and 'not needed' [HPV]. Among those with a recommendation, the most common parental reasons were 'lack of knowledge' [Td/Tdap], 'vaccine not needed' [MenACWY], and 'lack of knowledge' [HPV]. Conclusions: Non-receipt of provider recommendations was a main parent-reported reason for not getting vaccinated. Increasing parental knowledge and vaccination coverage through increased provider-parent communication about disease risk and vaccine benefits is needed. C1 [Dorell, Christina; Strasser, Sheryl] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30331 USA. [Yankey, David] Inst Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Dorell, C (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E-62, Atlanta, GA 30331 USA. EM cdorell@cdc.gov NR 30 TC 49 Z9 49 U1 2 U2 8 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0009-9228 J9 CLIN PEDIATR JI Clin. Pediatr. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 50 IS 12 BP 1116 EP 1124 DI 10.1177/0009922811415104 PG 9 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 853HT UT WOS:000297417500005 PM 21856964 ER PT J AU Sharma, P Cohen, JK Lockhart, SR Hurst, SF Drew, CP AF Sharma, Prachi Cohen, Joyce K. Lockhart, Shawn R. Hurst, Steven F. Drew, Clifton P. TI Ruptured Mycotic Aortic Aneurysm in a Sooty Mangabey (Cercocebus atys) SO COMPARATIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID DISSEMINATED ZYGOMYCOSIS; BETA-AMINOPROPIONITRILE; CARDIOVASCULAR LESIONS; DISSECTING ANEURYSM; SPIROCERCA-LUPI; ABDOMINAL-AORTA; MONKEY; ENDOCARDITIS; DIAGNOSIS; PATIENT AB Mycotic aortic aneurysm is a local, irreversible dilatation of the aorta associated with destruction of the vessel wall by infection and is a grave clinical condition associated with high morbidity and mortality in humans. Rupture of aortic aneurysms can be spontaneous, idiopathic, or due to severe trauma, and the condition has been associated with bacterial and, rarely, fungal infections in humans and animals. Here, we describe a case of ruptured spontaneous aortic aneurysm associated with zygomycetic infection in a 21-y-old female sooty mangabey. The animal did not present with any significant clinical signs before being found dead. At necropsy, she was in good body condition, and the thoracic cavity had a large amount of clotted blood filling the left pleural space and surrounding the lung lobes. Near the aortic arch, the descending thoracic aorta was focally perforated (diameter, approximately 0.15 cm), and clotted blood adhered to the tunica adventitia. The aortic intima had multiple, firm, pale-yellow nodules (diameter, 0.25 to 0.5 cm). Histopathologically, these nodules consisted of severe multifocal pyogranulomatous inflammation intermixed with necrosis, fibrin, and broad, infrequently septate, thin-walled fungal hyphae. Immunohistochemistry revealed fungal hyphae characteristic of Mucormycetes (formerly Zygomycetes), and PCR analysis identified the organism as Basidiobolus spp. Dissemination of the fungus beyond the aorta was not noted. Spontaneous aortic aneurysms have been described in nonhuman primates, but this is the first reported case of a ruptured spontaneous aortic aneurysm associated with entomophthoromycetic infection in a sooty mangabey. C1 [Sharma, Prachi] Emory Univ, Yerkes Natl Primate Res Ctr, Div Pathol, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Cohen, Joyce K.] Emory Univ, Yerkes Natl Primate Res Ctr, Div Anim Resources, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Cohen, Joyce K.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Div Psychiat & Behav Sci, Atlanta, GA USA. [Drew, Clifton P.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Infect Dis Pathol Branch, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Lockhart, Shawn R.; Hurst, Steven F.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mycot Dis Branch, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Sharma, P (reprint author), Emory Univ, Yerkes Natl Primate Res Ctr, Div Pathol, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. EM psharm9@emory.edu FU NCRR [DRR000165] FX This study was supported by the NCRR support to Yerkes NPRC (grant no. DRR000165). We thank the staff of the Divisions of Animal Resources and Pathology at the Yerkes National Primate Research Center for their excellent care of the animals and the technical support they provided for this study, and the Infectious Diseases Pathology Branch staff for their technical assistance. NR 51 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ASSOC LABORATORY ANIMAL SCIENCE PI MEMPHIS PA 9190 CRESTWYN HILLS DR, MEMPHIS, TN 38125 USA SN 1532-0820 J9 COMPARATIVE MED JI Comparative Med. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 61 IS 6 BP 532 EP 537 PG 6 WC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology SC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology GA 859XW UT WOS:000297910100008 PM 22330581 ER PT J AU Srinivasan, V du Plessis, M Beall, BW McGee, L AF Srinivasan, Velusamy du Plessis, Mignon Beall, Bernard W. McGee, Lesley TI Quadriplex real-time polymerase chain reaction (lytA, mef, erm, pbp2b(wt)) for pneumococcal detection and assessment of antibiotic susceptibility SO DIAGNOSTIC MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASE LA English DT Article DE S. pneumoniae; Antibiotic resistance; Real-time PCR ID STREPTOCOCCUS-PNEUMONIAE; PCR ASSAY; PENICILLIN SUSCEPTIBILITY; IDENTIFICATION; QUANTIFICATION; RESISTANCE; SAMPLES; GENES AB A quadriplex real-time polymerase chain reaction assay was developed for detecting pneumococci, penicillin susceptibility, and macrolide/lincosamide resistance. The assay was sensitive for all 4 targets (<10 copies) and correlated with antimicrobial susceptibilities in 172/180 isolates and 28/29 culture-positive clinical specimens. For 29 lytA-positive culture-negative specimens, the assay allowed interpretation of antimicrobial susceptibility. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Srinivasan, Velusamy; Beall, Bernard W.; McGee, Lesley] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Resp Dis Branch, Div Bacterial Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [du Plessis, Mignon] NICD, Natl Hlth Lab Serv, ZA-2131 Johannesburg, South Africa. RP McGee, L (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Resp Dis Branch, Div Bacterial Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM lmcgee@cdc.gov OI du Plessis, Mignon/0000-0001-9186-0679 NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0732-8893 J9 DIAGN MICR INFEC DIS JI Diagn. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 71 IS 4 BP 453 EP 456 DI 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2011.08.017 PG 4 WC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 854YD UT WOS:000297529800021 PM 21996097 ER PT J AU Roess, AA Levine, RS Barth, L Monroe, BP Carroll, DS Damon, IK Reynolds, MG AF Roess, Amira A. Levine, Rebecca S. Barth, Laura Monroe, Benjamin P. Carroll, Darin S. Damon, Inger K. Reynolds, Mary G. TI Sealpox Virus in Marine Mammal Rehabilitation Facilities, North America, 2007-2009 SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID CALIFORNIA SEA LIONS; POX-LIKE LESIONS; HALICHOERUS-GRYPUS; ZALOPHUS-CALIFORNIANUS; PARAPOXVIRUS; INFECTION AB Sealpox, a zoonotic disease affecting pinnipeds (seals and sea lions), can occur among captive and convalescing animals, We surveyed 1 worker each from 11 marine mammal centers and interviewed 31 other marine mammal workers to ascertain their knowledge of and experience with sealpox virus and to identify factors associated with sealpox virus outbreaks among pinnipeds in marine rehabilitation facilities. Demographic and health data were obtained for 1,423 pinnipeds at the 11 facilities. Among the 23 animals in which sealpox was clinically diagnosed, 4 arrived at the facility ill, 11 became ill <5 weeks after arrival, and 2 became ill >= 5 weeks after arrival; the timing of illness onset was unknown for 6 animals. Most infections occurred in pinnipeds <1 year of age. Nine affected animals were malnourished; 4 had additional illnesses. Sealpox had also occurred among workers at 2 facilities. Sealpox is a noteworthy zoonosis of rehabilitating convalescing pinnipeds; workplace education can help to minimize risks for human infection. C1 [Roess, Amira A.; Levine, Rebecca S.; Barth, Laura; Monroe, Benjamin P.; Carroll, Darin S.; Damon, Inger K.; Reynolds, Mary G.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Reynolds, MG (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop G43, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM nzr6@cdc.gov NR 23 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 16 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD DEC PY 2011 VL 17 IS 12 BP 2203 EP 2208 DI 10.3201/eid1712.101945 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 859KD UT WOS:000297874400003 PM 22172454 ER PT J AU Guerrero-Sanchez, S Cuevas-Romero, S Nemeth, NM Trujillo-Olivera, MTJ Worwa, G Dupuis, A Brault, AC Kramer, LD Komar, N Estrada-Franco, JG AF Guerrero-Sanchez, Sergio Cuevas-Romero, Sandra Nemeth, Nicole M. Jesus Trujillo-Olivera, Maria Teresa Worwa, Gabriella Dupuis, Alan Brault, Aaron C. Kramer, Laura D. Komar, Nicholas Estrada-Franco, Jose Guillermo TI West Nile Virus Infection of Birds, Mexico SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID ENVELOPE PROTEIN GLYCOSYLATION; SURVEILLANCE; CHICKENS; STRAINS AB West Nile virus (WWV) has caused disease in humans, equids, and birds at lower frequency in Mexico than in the United States. We hypothesized that the seemingly reduced virulence in Mexico was caused by attenuation of the Tabasco strain from southeastern Mexico, resulting in lower viremia than that caused by the Tecate strain from the more northern location of Baja California. During 2006-2008, we tested this hypothesis in candidate avian amplifying hosts: domestic chickens, rock pigeons, house sparrows, great-tailed grackles, and clay-colored thrushes. Only great-tailed grackles and house sparrows were competent amplifying hosts for both strains, and deaths occurred in each species. Tecate strain viremia levels were higher for thrushes. Both strains produced low-level viremia in pigeons and chickens. Our results suggest that certain avian hosts within Mexico are competent for efficient amplification of both northern and southern WNV strains and that both strains likely contribute to bird deaths. C1 [Estrada-Franco, Jose Guillermo] Univ Texas Med Branch, Dept Pathol, Galveston, TX 77555 USA. [Guerrero-Sanchez, Sergio] Zool Miguel Alvarez del Toro, Tuxtla Gutierrez, Mexico. [Cuevas-Romero, Sandra] Inst Nacl Invest Forest, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. [Nemeth, Nicole M.; Brault, Aaron C.; Komar, Nicholas] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Jesus Trujillo-Olivera, Maria Teresa] Univ Autonoma Chiapas, Tuxtla Gutierrez, Mexico. [Worwa, Gabriella] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Dupuis, Alan; Kramer, Laura D.] New York State Dept Hlth, Slingerlands, NY USA. RP Estrada-Franco, JG (reprint author), Univ Texas Med Branch, Dept Pathol, 301 Univ Blvd, Galveston, TX 77555 USA. EM joestrad@utmb.edu FU US National Institutes of Health [NO1-AI25489]; Mexican National Research Council of Science and Technology (CONACYT) [CHIS 2005-C03-075]; CONACYT-SAGARPA [2003.025]; Fondo Mixto Chiapas-CONACYT [CHIS030755] FX J.G.E.-F. was partially supported by US National Institutes of Health grant NO1-AI25489. S.G.-S. was supported by the Mexican National Research Council of Science and Technology (CONACYT) grant CHIS 2005-C03-075), S.C.-R. by CONACYT-SAGARPA 2003.025, and M.T.T.-O. by Fondo Mixto Chiapas-CONACYT CHIS030755. NR 28 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 16 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD DEC PY 2011 VL 17 IS 12 BP 2245 EP 2252 DI 10.3201/eid1712.110294 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 859KD UT WOS:000297874400009 PM 22172633 ER PT J AU Ferdinands, JM Denison, AM Dowling, NF Jost, HA Gwinn, ML Liu, LD Zaki, SR Shay, DK AF Ferdinands, Jill M. Denison, Amy M. Dowling, Nicole F. Jost, Heather A. Gwinn, Marta L. Liu, Lindy Zaki, Sherif R. Shay, David K. TI A Pilot Study of Host Genetic Variants Associated with Influenza-associated Deaths among Children and Young Adults SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID MANNOSE-BINDING LECTIN; INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE SYNDROME; STAPHYLOCOCCUS-AUREUS; UNITED-STATES; INFECTIOUS-DISEASES; MBL; SUSCEPTIBILITY; DEFICIENT; POLYMORPHISMS; PROMOTER AB We compared the prevalence of 8 polymorphisms in the tumor necrosis factor and mannose-binding lectin genes among 105 children and young adults with fatal influenza with US population estimates and determined in subanalyses whether these polymorphisms were associated with sudden death and bacterial co-infection among persons with fatal influenza. No differences were observed in genotype prevalence or minor allele frequencies between persons with fatal influenza and the reference sample. Fatal cases with low-producing MBL2 genotypes had a 7-fold increased risk for invasive methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) co-infection compared with fatal cases with high- and intermediate-producing MBL2 genotypes (odds ratio 7.1, 95% confidence interval 1.6-32.1). Limited analysis of 2 genes important to the innate immune response found no association between genetic variants and fatal influenza infection. Among children and young adults who died of influenza, low-producing MBL2 genotypes may have increased risk for MRSA co-infection. C1 [Ferdinands, Jill M.; Denison, Amy M.; Dowling, Nicole F.; Jost, Heather A.; Gwinn, Marta L.; Liu, Lindy; Zaki, Sherif R.; Shay, David K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Ferdinands, JM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop A32, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM zdn5@cdc.gov OI Shay, David/0000-0001-9619-4820 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Atlanta Research and Education Foundation, Veterans Administration Medical Center, Atlanta, Georgia, USA FX This study was funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the Atlanta Research and Education Foundation, Veterans Administration Medical Center, Atlanta, Georgia, USA. NR 38 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 3 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD DEC PY 2011 VL 17 IS 12 BP 2294 EP 2302 DI 10.3201/eid1712.111002 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 859KD UT WOS:000297874400015 PM 22172537 ER PT J AU Memish, ZA Albarrak, A Almazroa, MA Al-Omar, I Alhakeem, R Assiri, A Fagbo, S MacNeil, A Rollin, PE Abdullah, N Stephens, G AF Memish, Ziad A. Albarrak, Ali Almazroa, Mohammad A. Al-Omar, Ibrahim Alhakeem, Rafat Assiri, Abdullah Fagbo, Shamsudeen MacNeil, Adam Rollin, Pierre E. Abdullah, Nageeb Stephens, Gwen TI Seroprevalence of Alkhurma and Other Hemorrhagic Fever Viruses, Saudi Arabia SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID RIFT-VALLEY FEVER; INFECTION; PROVINCE; OUTBREAK; NAJRAN; TICKS AB A 2009 deployment of military units from several Saudi Arabian provinces to Jazan Province, Saudi Arabia, enabled us to evaluate exposure to Alkhurma, Crimean-Congo, dengue, and Rift Valley hemorrhagic fever viruses. Seroprevalence to all viruses was low; however, Alkhurma virus seroprevalence was higher (1.3%) and less geographically restricted than previously thought. C1 [Memish, Ziad A.] Prevent Med Directorate, Minist Hlth, Riyadh 11176, Saudi Arabia. [Albarrak, Ali] Riyadh Mil Hosp, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. [MacNeil, Adam; Rollin, Pierre E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Stephens, Gwen] Univ British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada. RP Memish, ZA (reprint author), Prevent Med Directorate, Minist Hlth, Riyadh 11176, Saudi Arabia. EM zmemish@yahoo.com OI Fagbo, Shamsudeen/0000-0003-3448-6136; Assiri, Abdullah/0000-0002-5605-2876 NR 15 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 6 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD DEC PY 2011 VL 17 IS 12 BP 2316 EP 2318 DI 10.3201/eid1712.110658 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 859KD UT WOS:000297874400020 PM 22172587 ER PT J AU Varela-Stokes, AS Paddock, CD Engber, B Toliver, M AF Varela-Stokes, Andrea S. Paddock, Christopher D. Engber, Barry Toliver, Marcee TI Rickettsia parkeri in Amblyomma maculatum Ticks, North Carolina, USA, 2009-2010 SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID MOUNTAIN-SPOTTED-FEVER; GULF-COAST TICKS; UNITED-STATES; ACARI AB We detected Rickettsia parkeri in 20%-33% of Amblyomma maculatum ticks sampled in North Carolina. Results highlight the high frequencies of R. parkeri-infected ticks in the state with the highest annual incidence of Rocky Mountain spotted fever. Epidemiologic studies are needed to definitively link R. parkeri to cases of spotted fever rickettsiosis. C1 [Varela-Stokes, Andrea S.] Mississippi State Univ, Wise Ctr, Starkville, MS 39762 USA. [Paddock, Christopher D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Engber, Barry; Toliver, Marcee] N Carolina Dept Environm & Nat Resources, Raleigh, NC USA. RP Varela-Stokes, AS (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, Wise Ctr, Spring St, Starkville, MS 39762 USA. EM stokes@cvm.msstate.edu NR 15 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 9 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD DEC PY 2011 VL 17 IS 12 BP 2350 EP 2353 DI 10.3201/eid1712.110789 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 859KD UT WOS:000297874400029 PM 22172164 ER PT J AU Chen, YY Fan, YC Tu, WC Chang, RY Shih, CC Lu, IH Chien, MS Lee, WC Chen, TH Chang, GJ Chiou, SS AF Chen, Yi-Ying Fan, Yi-Chin Tu, Wu-Chun Chang, Rey-Yi Shih, Chen-Chang Lu, In-Houng Chien, Maw-Shien Lee, Wei-Cheng Chen, Ter-Hsin Chang, Gwong-Jen Chiou, Shyan-Song TI Japanese Encephalitis Virus Genotype Replacement, Taiwan, 2009-2010 SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID FREQUENT INTRODUCTIONS; SOUTHEAST-ASIA; EAST-ASIA AB Genotype I of Japanese encephalitis virus first appeared in Taiwan in 2008. Phylogenetic analysis of 37 viruses from pig farms in 2009-2010 classified these viruses into 2 unique subclusters of genotype I viruses and suggested multiple introductions and swift replacement of genotype III by genotype I virus in Taiwan. C1 [Chiou, Shyan-Song] Natl Chung Hsing Univ, Grad Inst Microbiol & Publ Hlth, Taichung 40227, Taiwan. [Chang, Rey-Yi; Lu, In-Houng] Natl Dong Hwa Univ, Hualien, Taiwan. [Shih, Chen-Chang] Mennonite Christian Hosp, Hualien, Taiwan. [Chang, Gwong-Jen] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ft Collins, CO USA. RP Chiou, SS (reprint author), Natl Chung Hsing Univ, Grad Inst Microbiol & Publ Hlth, 250 Kuo Kuang Rd, Taichung 40227, Taiwan. EM sschiou@dragon.nchu.edu.tw FU National Science Council, Taiwan [NSC 96-2313-B-005-023-MY3]; Bureau of Animal and Plant Health Inspection and Quarantine, Council of Agriculture, Taiwan FX This study was funded by grants from the National Science Council, Taiwan (NSC 96-2313-B-005-023-MY3), and the Bureau of Animal and Plant Health Inspection and Quarantine, Council of Agriculture, Taiwan. NR 10 TC 26 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 9 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD DEC PY 2011 VL 17 IS 12 BP 2354 EP 2356 DI 10.3201/eid1712.110914 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 859KD UT WOS:000297874400030 PM 22172307 ER PT J AU Schultz, MG Schantz, P AF Schultz, Myron G. Schantz, Peter TI Calvin W. Schwabe SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Biographical-Item C1 [Schultz, Myron G.; Schantz, Peter] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Schultz, MG (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop D68, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM mgsl@cdc.gov NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 5 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD DEC PY 2011 VL 17 IS 12 BP 2366 EP 2367 DI 10.3201/eid1712.110484 PG 2 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 859KD UT WOS:000297874400033 ER PT J AU Walker, DH LaSala, R Pritt, B Koneman, E Miller, JM AF Walker, David H. LaSala, Rocco Pritt, Bobbi Koneman, Elmer Miller, J. Michael TI In Memoriam: Washington C. (Wash) Winn Jr. (1941-2011) SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Biographical-Item C1 [Walker, David H.] Univ Texas Med Branch, Dept Pathol, Galveston, TX 77555 USA. [LaSala, Rocco] W Virginia Univ, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. [Pritt, Bobbi] Mayo Clin, Rochester, MN USA. [Koneman, Elmer] Univ Colorado, Denver, CO 80202 USA. [Miller, J. Michael] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Walker, DH (reprint author), Univ Texas Med Branch, Dept Pathol, 301 Univ Blvd,Keiller Bldg, Galveston, TX 77555 USA. EM dwalker@utmb.edu OI Pritt, Bobbi/0000-0003-0261-1326 NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD DEC PY 2011 VL 17 IS 12 BP 2400 EP 2401 DI 10.3201/eid1712.IM1712 PG 2 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 859KD UT WOS:000297874400053 ER PT J AU Potter, P AF Potter, Polyxeni TI When snouted wild-boars routing tender corn/Anger our huntsman SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Potter, P (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop D61, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM pmp1@cdc.gov NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 EI 1080-6059 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD DEC PY 2011 VL 17 IS 12 BP 2402 EP 2403 DI 10.3201/eid1712.AC1712 PG 2 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 859KD UT WOS:000297874400054 PM 22256384 ER PT J AU Warner, M Mocarelli, P Samuels, S Needham, L Brambilla, P Eskenazi, B AF Warner, Marcella Mocarelli, Paolo Samuels, Steven Needham, Larry Brambilla, Paolo Eskenazi, Brenda TI Dioxin Exposure and Cancer Risk in the Seveso Women's Health Study SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Article DE cancer; cohort studies; dioxins; environmental carcinogens; female; neoplasms; tetrachlorodibenzodioxin ID SPRAGUE-DAWLEY RATS; BREAST-CANCER; ENDOCRINE DISRUPTORS; FOLLOW-UP; 2,3,7,8-TETRACHLORODIBENZO-P-DIOXIN; MORTALITY; SERUM; TCDD; CHLOROPHENOLS; HERBICIDES AB BACKGROUND: 2,3,7,8-Tecrachlorodibenzo-para-dioxin (TCDD), a widespread environmental contaminant, disrupts multiple endocrine pathways. The International Agency for Research on Cancer classified TCDD as a known human carcinogen, based on predominantly male occupational studies of increased mortality from all cancers combined. OBJECTfVES: After a chemical explosion on 10 July 1976 in Seveso, Italy, residents experienced some of the highest levels of TCDD exposure in a human population. In 1996, we initiated the Seveso Women's Health Study (SWHS), a retrospective cohort study of the reproductive health of the women. We previously reported a significant increased risk for breast cancer and a nonsignificant increased risk for all cancers combined with individual serum TCDD, but the cohort averaged only 40 years of age in 1996. Herein we report results for risk of cancer from a subsequent follow-up of the cohort in 2008. METHODS: In 1996, we enrolled 981 women who were 0-40 years of age in 1976, lived in the most contaminated areas, and had archived sera collected near the explosion. Individual TCDD concentration was measured in archived serum by high-resolution mass spectrometry. A total of 833 women participated in the 2008 follow-up study. We examined the relation of serum TCDD with cancer incidence using Cox proportional hazards models. RESULTS: In total, 66 (6.7%) women had been diagnosed with cancer. The adjusted hazard ratio (HR) associated with a 10-fold increase in serum TCDD for all cancers combined was significantly increased [adjusted HR = 1.80; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.29, 2.52]. For breast cancer, the HR was increased, but not significantly (adjusted HR = 1.44; 95% CI: 0.89, 2.33). CONCLUSIONS: Individual serum TCDD is significantly positively related with all cancer incidence in the SWHS cohort, more than 30 years later. This all-female study adds to the epidemiologic evidence that TCDD is a multisite carcinogen. C1 [Warner, Marcella; Eskenazi, Brenda] Univ Calif Berkeley, Sch Publ Hlth, Ctr Environm Res & Childrens Hlth, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Mocarelli, Paolo; Brambilla, Paolo] Univ Milano Bicocca, Dept Lab Med, Sch Med, Hosp Desio, Desio, Italy. [Samuels, Steven] SUNY Albany, Albany, NY 12222 USA. [Needham, Larry] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Environm Hlth Lab Sci, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Warner, M (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Sch Publ Hlth, Ctr Environm Res & Childrens Hlth, 1995 Univ Ave,Suite 265, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM mwarner@berkeley.edu FU National Institutes of Health [R01 E507171, F06 TW02075-01]; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency [R82471]; Endometriosis Association [EA-M1977]; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [2P30-ES001896-17]; Regione Lombardia and Fondazione Lombardia Ambiente, Milan, Italy [2896] FX This study was supported by grants R01 E507171 and F06 TW02075-01 from the National Institutes of Health, R82471 from the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, EA-M1977 from the Endometriosis Association, 2P30-ES001896-17 from the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, and 2896 from Regione Lombardia and Fondazione Lombardia Ambiente, Milan, Italy. NR 37 TC 40 Z9 41 U1 2 U2 35 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 119 IS 12 BP 1700 EP 1705 DI 10.1289/ehp.1103720 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 857IH UT WOS:000297711200021 PM 21810551 ER PT J AU Daniel, JH Lewis, LW Redwood, YA Kieszak, S Breiman, RF Flanders, WD Bell, C Mwihia, J Ogana, G Likimani, S Straetemans, M McGeehin, MA AF Daniel, Johnni H. Lewis, Lauren W. Redwood, Yanique A. Kieszak, Stephanie Breiman, Robert F. Flanders, W. Dana Bell, Carlos Mwihia, John Ogana, George Likimani, Sopiato Straetemans, Masja McGeehin, Michael A. TI Comprehensive Assessment of Maize Aflatoxin Levels in Eastern Kenya, 2005-2007 SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Article DE aflatoxicosis; aflatoxin; contamination; Kenya; maize ID DEVELOPING-COUNTRIES; CONTAMINATION; OUTBREAK; HEALTH; FOOD; MYCOTOXINS; EXPOSURE; DISEASE; AFRICA; BENIN AB BACKGROUND: Aflatoxin, a potent fungal toxin, contaminates 25% of crops worldwide. Since 2004, 477 aflatoxin poisonings associated with eating contaminated maize have been documented in Eastern Kenya, with a case-fatality rate of 40%. OBJECTIVE: We characterized maize aflatoxin contamination during the high-risk season (April June) after the major harvests in 2005, 2006 (aflatoxicosis outbreak years), and 2007 (a non-outbreak year). METHODS: Households were randomly selected each year from the region in Kenya where outbreaks have consistently occurred. At each household, we obtained at least one maize sample (n = 716) for aflatoxin analysis using immunoaffinity methods and administered a questionnaire to determine the source (i.e., homegrown, purchased, or relief) and amount of maize in the household. RESULTS: During the years of outbreaks in 2005 and 2006, 41% and 51% of maize samples, respectively, had aflatoxin levels above the Kenyan regulatory limit of 20 ppb in grains that were for human consumption. In 2007 (non-outbreak year), 16% of samples were above the 20-ppb limit. In addition, geometric mean (GM) aflatoxin levels were significantly higher in 2005 (GM = 12.92, maximum = 48,000 ppb) and 2006 (GM = 26.03, maximum = 24,400 ppb) compared with 2007 (GM = 1.95, maximum = 2,500 ppb) (p-value < 0.001). In all 3 years combined, maize aflatoxin levels were significantly higher in homegrown maize (GM = 17.96) when compared with purchased maize (GM = 3.64) or relief maize (GM = 0.73) (p-value < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS: Aflatoxin contamination is extreme within this region, and homegrown maize is the primary source of contamination. Prevention measures should focus on reducing homegrown maize contamination at the household level to avert future outbreaks. C1 [Daniel, Johnni H.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Hlth Studies Branch, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Breiman, Robert F.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Nairobi, Kenya. [Bell, Carlos] US FDA, Rockville, MD 20857 USA. [Mwihia, John; Ogana, George] Kenya Natl Publ Hlth Lab, Nairobi, Kenya. [Likimani, Sopiato] Kenya Minist Publ Hlth & Sanitat, Nairobi, Kenya. [Straetemans, Masja] KNCV TB Fdn, The Hague, Netherlands. RP Daniel, JH (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Hlth Studies Branch, 4770 Buford Hwy MS F-57, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM bez2@cdc.gov FU Division of Environmental Hazards and Health Effects; U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's National Center for Environmental Health FX The Division of Environmental Hazards and Health Effects and the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's National Center for Environmental Health provided funding. NR 31 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 2 U2 22 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 EI 1552-9924 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 119 IS 12 BP 1794 EP 1799 DI 10.1289/ehp.1003044 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 857IH UT WOS:000297711200035 PM 21843999 ER PT J AU Gwinn, MR DeVoney, D Jarabek, AM Sonawane, B Wheeler, J Weissman, DN Masten, S Thompson, C AF Gwinn, Maureen R. DeVoney, Danielle Jarabek, Annie M. Sonawane, Babasaheb Wheeler, John Weissman, David N. Masten, Scott Thompson, Claudia TI Meeting Report: Mode(s) of Action of Asbestos and Related Mineral Fibers SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Article DE asbestos; knowledge gaps; mineral fibers; mode of action; research needs ID LIBBY AMPHIBOLE ASBESTOS; RISK-ASSESSMENT; MALIGNANT MESOTHELIOMA; MURINE MACROPHAGES; LUNG-DISEASES; EXPOSURE; CANCER; SUSCEPTIBILITY; MUTAGENICITY; EFFUSIONS AB BACKGROUND: Although asbestos in general is well known to cause a range of neoplastic and non-neoplastic human health effects, not all asbestos fiber types have the same disease-causing potential, and the mode of action (MOA) of specific types of asbestos and related fibers for various health outcomes are not well understood. OBJECTIVES: A workshop was held to discuss the state of the science of the MOA for asbestos-related disease. The objective was to review the range of asbestos-induced health effects (including those at sites remote to the respiratory tract). We sought to identify existing knowledge gaps and define what research is needed to address these gaps and advance asbestos research. DISCUSSION: Discussions centered on areas of uncertainty in the field, including the ways asbestos is defined and characterized, the role of different fiber characteristics (e.g., length and mineralogy) in disease, and the impact of low-dose exposures on human health. Studying the dosimetry and mode of action of multiple fiber types would enhance our understanding of asbestos-related disease. To better elucidate the MOA of specific asbestos fibers, the risk assessor requires data as to specific characteristics of asbestos in determining fiber toxicity (e.g., surface area, mineral type), which may inform efforts to assess and control exposures and prevent adverse human health outcomes for the diverse range of fiber types. Specific research aims were defined for these topics and for overarching issues to be addressed, including the use of standardized terminology, test materials, and better experimental models to aid in data extrapolation to humans. CONCLUSION: To resolve these and other issues, participants agreed that diverse scientific disciplines must coordinate to better understand the MOA leading to the various asbestos-related disease end points. C1 [Gwinn, Maureen R.; DeVoney, Danielle; Jarabek, Annie M.; Sonawane, Babasaheb] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Off Res & Dev, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Wheeler, John] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registry, Atlanta, GA USA. [Weissman, David N.] NIOSH, Div Resp Dis Studies, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Masten, Scott] NIEHS, Natl Toxicol Program, NIH, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Gwinn, MR (reprint author), US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Off Res & Dev, 1200 Penn Ave NW,Mail Code 8623-P, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM gwinn.maureen@epa.gov RI masten, scott/R-1403-2016 OI masten, scott/0000-0002-7847-181X FU NIEHS; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (Office of Research and Development, Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response); Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry and National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health) FX This document summarizes the findings from the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) workshop (16-17 December 2009, Chapel Hill, NC) supported by NIEHS (National Toxicology Program), U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (Office of Research and Development, Office of Solid Waste and Emergency Response), he authors ackand the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry and National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health). Tnowledge all the participants of this workshop for the contribution of their expertise and ideas needed for the success of this workshop. Special thanks are extended to the team leaders and members who drafted the original review documents used as a basis for discussion at this workshop. NR 34 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 7 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 EI 1552-9924 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 119 IS 12 BP 1806 EP 1810 DI 10.1289/ehp.1003240 PG 5 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 857IH UT WOS:000297711200037 PM 21807578 ER PT J AU Folster, JP Pecic, G McCullough, A Rickert, R Whichard, JM AF Folster, Jason P. Pecic, Gary McCullough, Andre Rickert, Regan Whichard, Jean M. TI Characterization of bla(CMY)-Encoding Plasmids Among Salmonella Isolated in the United States in 2007 SO FOODBORNE PATHOGENS AND DISEASE LA English DT Article ID AMPC BETA-LACTAMASE; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; ENTERICA; CMY-2; RESISTANCE; CATTLE; STRAINS; HUMANS AB Salmonella enterica is one of the most common bacterial causes of foodborne illness, and nontyphoidal Salmonella is estimated to cause similar to 1.2 million illnesses in the United States each year. Plasmids are mobile genetic elements that play a critical role in the dissemination of antimicrobial resistance determinants. AmpC-type CMY beta-lactamases (bla(CMY)) confer resistance to extended-spectrum cephalosporins and beta-lactam/beta-lactamase inhibitor combinations and are commonly plasmid-encoded. A variety of plasmids have been shown to encode CMY beta-lactamases and certain plasmids may be associated with particular Salmonella serotypes or environmental sources. In this study, we characterized bla(CMY) beta-lactamase-encoding plasmids among Salmonella isolates. Isolates of Salmonella from specimens collected from humans in 2007 were submitted to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention National Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring System laboratory for susceptibility testing. Three percent (65/2161) of Salmonella isolates displayed resistance to ceftriaxone (minimum inhibitory concentration [MIC] >= 4mg/L) and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (MIC >= 32mg/L), a combination associated with the presence of a bla(CMY) mechanism of resistance. Sixty-four (98.5%) isolates were polymerase chain reaction-positive for bla(CMY) genes. Transformation and conjugation studies showed that 95% (61/64) of the bla(CMY) genes were plasmid-encoded. Most of the bla(CMY)-positive isolates were serotype Typhimurium, Newport, Heidelberg, and Agona. Forty-three plasmids were replicon type IncA/C, 15 IncI1,2 contained multiple replicon loci, and 1 was untypeable. IncI1 plasmids conferred only the bla(CMY)-associated resistance phenotype, whereas IncA/C plasmids conferred additional multi-drug resistance (MDR) phenotypes to drugs such as chloramphenicol, sulfisoxazole, and tetracycline. Most of the IncI1 plasmids (12/15) were sequence type 12 by plasmid multi-locus sequence typing. CMY beta-lactamase-encoding plasmids among human isolates of Salmonella in the United States tended to be large MDR IncA/C plasmids or single resistance determinant IncI1 plasmids. In general, IncI1 plasmids were identified among serotypes commonly associated with poultry, whereas IncA/C plasmids were more likely to be identified among cattle/beef-associated serotypes. C1 [Folster, Jason P.; Pecic, Gary; McCullough, Andre; Rickert, Regan; Whichard, Jean M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Folster, Jason P.; Pecic, Gary; McCullough, Andre] IHRC Inc, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Folster, JP (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM gux8@cdc.gov FU CDC; FDA Center for Veterinary Medicine FX We thank the NARMS participating public health laboratories for submitting the isolates, Anne Whitney for DNA sequencing, Alessandra Carattoli for the plasmid incompatibility typing control strains, George Jacoby for the sodium azide-resistant J53 strain used in conjugation experiments, and Maria Karlsson for her critical review. This work was supported by an interagency agreement between CDC and the FDA Center for Veterinary Medicine. NR 34 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 8 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1535-3141 J9 FOODBORNE PATHOG DIS JI Foodborne Pathog. Dis. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 8 IS 12 BP 1289 EP 1294 DI 10.1089/fpd.2011.0944 PG 6 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 860AX UT WOS:000297919000008 PM 21883005 ER PT J AU Khoury, MJ Gwinn, M Clyne, M Yu, W AF Khoury, Muin J. Gwinn, Marta Clyne, Mindy Yu, Wei TI Genetic epidemiology with a Capital E, ten years after SO GENETIC EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE biology; epidemiology; genetics; genomics; informatics; medicine; public health ID HUMAN GENOME EPIDEMIOLOGY; EGAPP WORKING GROUP; MACULAR DEGENERATION; WIDE ASSOCIATION; RISK-FACTORS; ENVIRONMENT INTERACTION; KNOWLEDGE-BASE; HAPLOTYPE MAP; DISEASE; PREVALENCE AB More than a decade after Duncan Thomas gave his presidential address at the International Society for Genetic Epidemiology entitled Genetic Epidemiology with a Capital E, genetic epidemiology has gone mainstream. Epidemiology has taken its place not only in gene discovery studies but also in characterizing genetic effects and gene-environment interactions in populations. Furthermore, epidemiologic principles are being applied to the evaluation of genetic tests. We used an online informatics tool, the HuGE Navigator, to describe the growth in the field in the past decade. We developed the HuGE Navigator as a means to continuously monitor the evolving information obtained from epidemiologic studies of the human genome. Between 2001 and 2010, the HuGE Navigator included 57,005 articles published in 2,396 journals. During that period, the annual number of publications increased almost four-fold. The articles included 986 genome-wide association studies and 1,879 meta-analyses of gene-disease associations. The total number of authors of published studies grew from 12,907 in 2001 to 48,389 in 2010. The number of diseases also increased over time, from 697 medical subject headings in 2001 to 1,404 in 2010. Gene-environment interaction was mentioned explicitly in 17% of published abstracts, almost half of which focused on gene-drug interactions. Clearly, genetic epidemiology has gone capital E in the past decade; however, the ever-expanding volume and variety of genomic information poses a formidable challenge for developing appropriate methods for analysis, synthesis, and inference on complex genetic and environmental effects. We extend Duncan Thomas' capital E to include Evaluation as the tools of epidemiology are increasingly used to assess how genome-based information can be applied in medicine and public health. Genet. Epidemiol. 35:845852, 2011. (C) 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Khoury, Muin J.; Gwinn, Marta; Clyne, Mindy; Yu, Wei] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Publ Hlth Genom, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Khoury, MJ (reprint author), CDC Off Publ Hlth Genom, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM muk1@cdc.qov NR 64 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 2 U2 6 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0741-0395 J9 GENET EPIDEMIOL JI Genet. Epidemiol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 35 IS 8 BP 845 EP 852 DI 10.1002/gepi.20634 PG 8 WC Genetics & Heredity; Mathematical & Computational Biology SC Genetics & Heredity; Mathematical & Computational Biology GA 854BD UT WOS:000297468600010 PM 22125223 ER PT J AU Beaumont, PE Barlow, PG Mackellar, A MacKenzie, K Svoboda, P Nash, A York, IA Pohl, J Gallo, RL Donis, RO Govan, JR Davidson, DJ AF Beaumont, P. E. Barlow, P. G. Mackellar, A. MacKenzie, K. Svoboda, P. Nash, A. York, I. A. Pohl, J. Gallo, R. L. Donis, R. O. Govan, J. R. Davidson, D. J. TI Cathelicidins induce protective inflammation and cell death and enhance host defence in murine models of pulmonary bacterial and viral infection SO IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Congress of the British-Society-for-Immunology CY DEC 05-08, 2011 CL Liverpool, ENGLAND SP British Soc Immunol C1 [Beaumont, P. E.; Barlow, P. G.; Mackellar, A.; MacKenzie, K.; Davidson, D. J.] Univ Edinburgh, MRC Ctr Inflammat Res, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland. [Barlow, P. G.; York, I. A.; Donis, R. O.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA USA. [Barlow, P. G.] Edinburgh Napier Univ, Ctr Nano Safety, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland. [Svoboda, P.; Pohl, J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Biotechnol Core Facil Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Nash, A.; Govan, J. R.] Univ Edinburgh, Ctr Infect Dis, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland. [Gallo, R. L.] Univ Calif San Diego, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0019-2805 J9 IMMUNOLOGY JI Immunology PD DEC PY 2011 VL 135 SU 1 SI SI BP 46 EP 46 PG 1 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA 854PQ UT WOS:000297507100116 ER PT J AU Cherry, JD Paddock, CD Greer, PW Heininger, U AF Cherry, J. D. Paddock, C. D. Greer, P. W. Heininger, U. TI The respiratory pathology in infants with sudden unexpected deaths in whom respiratory specimens were initially PCR-positive or PCR-negative for Bordetella pertussis SO INFECTION LA English DT Article DE Bordetella pertussis; Sudden unexpected death; SIDS; PCR; Histopathology ID COMPONENT DTP VACCINE; COMPARATIVE EFFICACY; WHOOPING-COUGH; DTAP VACCINE; INFECTIONS; PATHOGENESIS; CHILDREN AB Background In a previous controlled study, we investigated the relationship between Bordetella pertussis infections and sudden unexpected deaths among German infants (sudden infant death syndrome, SIDS). In this present study, we investigated further the respiratory pathology in a subset of infants in the original study. Methods Originally, there were 234 infants with SIDS and, of these, 12 had either a nasopharyngeal swab (NPS) or a tracheal swab specimen (TS) that was positive for B. pertussis by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Here, tissue specimens from eight infants who were originally PCR-positive were compared with tissue specimens from seven infants in whom the original PCR studies were negative. Results The histopathologic diagnoses were as follows: 14 of 15 had pulmonary edema and the remaining case had early diffuse alveolar damage. Although 14 of 15 cases had some histologic or clinical evidence suggesting respiratory tract infection, the features were more consistent with a viral etiology, and in none were the findings typical of respiratory disease attributable to B. pertussis. Conclusions The findings in this present investigation do not support a direct role of B. pertussis at the site of infection (ciliated epithelium) in the causation of SIDS. The clinical aspects of this study were carried out in the 1990s when pertussis was widespread in Germany. Therefore, the original finding of some PCR-positive cases is not surprising. The possibility that B. pertussis infection could still be a factor in some SIDS cases, e. g., by a systemic release of toxins, cannot be definitely ruled out. C1 [Heininger, U.] Univ Childrens Hosp, Div Pediat Infect Dis, CH-4031 Basel, Switzerland. [Cherry, J. D.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, David Geffen Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Mattel Childrens Hosp UCLA, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Paddock, C. D.; Greer, P. W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Infect Dis Pathol Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Heininger, U (reprint author), Univ Childrens Hosp, Div Pediat Infect Dis, POB 4031, CH-4031 Basel, Switzerland. EM ulrich.heininger@ukbb.ch FU Wyeth-Lederle Vaccines and Pediatrics (Pearl River, NY, USA) FX This study was presented as a poster at the 2008 Pediatric Academic Societies (PAS) Annual Meeting, Honolulu, Hawaii, May 3-6 2008. This study was supported in part by Wyeth-Lederle Vaccines and Pediatrics (Pearl River, NY, USA). No other conflicts to be declared. The findings and conclusions presented are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. NR 8 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 0300-8126 J9 INFECTION JI Infection PD DEC PY 2011 VL 39 IS 6 BP 545 EP 548 DI 10.1007/s15010-011-0164-y PG 4 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 855RX UT WOS:000297583200008 PM 21773760 ER PT J AU Grinsdale, JA Ho, CS Banouvong, H Kawamura, LM AF Grinsdale, J. A. Ho, C. S. Banouvong, H. Kawamura, L. M. TI Programmatic impact of using QuantiFERON (R)-TB Gold in routine contact investigation activities SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TUBERCULOSIS AND LUNG DISEASE LA English DT Article DE contact tracing; latent tuberculosis infection; tuberculosis; tuberculin skin test; QuantiFERON (R)-TB Gold ID LATENT TUBERCULOSIS INFECTION; INTERFERON-GAMMA ASSAY; HEALTH-CARE WORKERS; MYCOBACTERIUM-TUBERCULOSIS; RELEASE ASSAYS; TRANSMISSION; DIAGNOSIS AB OBJECTIVES: To retrospectively assess the proportion of contacts tested with QuantiFERON (R)-TB Gold (QFT-G) compared to the tuberculin skin test (TST) who were successfully evaluated and treated for latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI), and to assess the correlation of positive test results with measures of TB exposure. METHODS: Contacts of culture-confirmed pulmonary TB cases reported to the San Francisco Department of Public Health between 1 March 2005 and 31 December 2007 were included. RESULTS: Of 1291 contacts meeting the eligibility criteria, 641 (50%) were tested with QFT-G and 650 (50%) with TST. Contacts tested with QFT-G were more likely to complete evaluation (64% vs. 56%, OR(adj) = 1.52, 95%CI 1.12-2.06). Infected contacts started (89% vs. 72%, OR(adj) = 5.18, 95 %CI 2.10-14.18) and completed (70% vs. 53%, OR(adj) = 3.37, 95%CI 1.78-6.56) LTBI treatment more often in the group tested with QFT-G. Positive QFT-G results, but not positive TST results, correlated with the intensity, proximity and duration of TB exposure in foreign-born subjects. CONCLUSION: More contacts were successfully evaluated and treated for LTBI when screened with QFT-G compared to TST. Measures of exposure correlated better with QFT-G-positive results and, therefore, appropriately identified high-risk contacts for TB prevention. C1 [Grinsdale, J. A.; Ho, C. S.; Banouvong, H.; Kawamura, L. M.] San Francisco Dept Publ Hlth, TB Control Sect, San Francisco, CA USA. [Ho, C. S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, Field Serv Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Grinsdale, JA (reprint author), San Francisco Gen Hosp, Dept Publ Hlth, TB Control Sect, Ward 94,1001 Potrero Ave, San Francisco, CA 94110 USA. EM Jennifer.Grinsdale@sfdph.org NR 21 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT UNION AGAINST TUBERCULOSIS LUNG DISEASE (I U A T L D) PI PARIS PA 68 BOULEVARD SAINT-MICHEL,, 75006 PARIS, FRANCE SN 1027-3719 J9 INT J TUBERC LUNG D JI Int. J. Tuberc. Lung Dis. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 15 IS 12 BP 1614 EP 1619 DI 10.5588/ijtld.11.0102 PG 6 WC Infectious Diseases; Respiratory System SC Infectious Diseases; Respiratory System GA 855YQ UT WOS:000297602600011 PM 22118167 ER PT J AU Powell, K Han, D Hung, NV Vu, T Sy, DN Trinh, TT Le, TC Do, K Oeltmann, JE Whitehead, S AF Powell, K. Han, D. Hung, N. V. Vu, T. Sy, D. N. Trinh, T. T. Le, T. C. Do, K. Oeltmann, J. E. Whitehead, S. TI Prevalence and risk factors for tuberculosis infection among personnel in two hospitals in Viet Nam SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TUBERCULOSIS AND LUNG DISEASE LA English DT Article DE tuberculosis; infectious disease; transmission; infection control; health care providers ID HEALTH-CARE WORKERS; MULTIDRUG-RESISTANT TUBERCULOSIS; DOTS STRATEGY; OUTBREAK; SETTINGS; DISEASE; TESTS AB SETTING Two general hospitals in Viet Nam. OBJECTIVE: To assess the risk of tuberculosis (TB) infection associated with hospital employment. DESIGN: During October-December 2009, we performed a cross-sectional study of hospital personnel and, for community comparison groups, staff from nearby schools. We tested for TB infection using the tuberculin skin test; an induration >= 10 mm indicated TB infection. RESULTS: Of 956 hospital personnel, 380 (40%) had TB infection compared to 40 (26%) of 155 school personnel. Hospital personnel had twice the odds of TB infection compared with school personnel (OR 2.0, 95%CI 1.3-3.0) after adjustment for age and sex. Compared to hospital administrative staff, the odds of TB infection were similar among clinical staff (OR 1.0, 95%CI 0.6-1.3), clinical support staff (OR 0.9, 95%CI 0.5-1.6) and auxiliary staff (OR 1.1, 95%CI 0.6-2.0) at the hospitals. No additional infection risk was detected in high-risk departments (OR 1.1, 95%CI 0.6-2.0). CONCLUSIONS: Hospital personnel are at increased risk of TB infection. Among hospital personnel, risk was independent of job or department, suggesting that personnel are commonly at risk and that improvements in infection control are needed throughout hospitals. C1 [Powell, K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STDs & TB Preve, Atlanta, GA 30300 USA. [Powell, K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30300 USA. [Han, D.; Hung, N. V.; Sy, D. N.] Minist Hlth, Natl TB Program, Hanoi, Vietnam. [Vu, T.] Minist Hlth, LIFE GAP VAAC, Hanoi, Vietnam. [Trinh, T. T.] CDC Global AIDS Program, Hanoi, Vietnam. [Le, T. C.] Hanoi Sch Publ Hlth, Hanoi, Vietnam. RP Powell, K (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STDs & TB Preve, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mailstop E-10, Atlanta, GA 30300 USA. EM duf8@cdc.gov FU Division of TB Elimination, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, USA FX The authors thank the personnel at the hospitals and the schools that participated in the study and the students from the Hanoi School of Public Health who conducted interviews for the study. The authors also thank M Haddad for her thoughtful review of the manuscript. The study was funded by the Division of TB Elimination, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, USA. NR 27 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 7 PU INT UNION AGAINST TUBERCULOSIS LUNG DISEASE (I U A T L D) PI PARIS PA 68 BOULEVARD SAINT-MICHEL,, 75006 PARIS, FRANCE SN 1027-3719 J9 INT J TUBERC LUNG D JI Int. J. Tuberc. Lung Dis. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 15 IS 12 BP 1643 EP 1648 DI 10.5588/ijtld.11.0207 PG 6 WC Infectious Diseases; Respiratory System SC Infectious Diseases; Respiratory System GA 855YQ UT WOS:000297602600016 PM 22118172 ER PT J AU Hampson, K Lembo, T Bessell, P Auty, H Packer, C Halliday, J Beesley, CA Fyumagwa, R Hoare, R Ernest, E Mentzel, C Metzger, KL Mlengeya, T Stamey, K Roberts, K Wilkins, PP Cleaveland, S AF Hampson, Katie Lembo, Tiziana Bessell, Paul Auty, Harriet Packer, Craig Halliday, Jo Beesley, Cari A. Fyumagwa, Robert Hoare, Richard Ernest, Eblate Mentzel, Christine Metzger, Kristine L. Mlengeya, Titus Stamey, Karen Roberts, Keith Wilkins, Patricia P. Cleaveland, Sarah TI Predictability of anthrax infection in the Serengeti, Tanzania SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Bacillus anthracis; disease ecology; exposure; infectious disease; multihost; serology; surveillance; susceptibility; zoonosis ID BACILLUS-ANTHRACIS; NATIONAL-PARK; OUTBREAK; ECOLOGY; WILDLIFE; DIVERSITY; EPIDEMIC; ZIMBABWE; SUMMER; SPORES AB 1. Anthrax is endemic throughout Africa, causing considerable livestock and wildlife losses and severe, sometimes fatal, infection in humans. Predicting the risk of infection is therefore important for public health, wildlife conservation and livestock economies. However, because of the intermittent and variable nature of anthrax outbreaks, associated environmental and climatic conditions, and diversity of species affected, the ecology of this multihost pathogen is poorly understood. 2. We explored records of anthrax from the Serengeti ecosystem in north-west Tanzania where the disease has been documented in humans, domestic animals and a range of wildlife. Using spatial and temporal case-detection and seroprevalence data from wild and domestic animals, we investigated spatial, environmental, climatic and species-specific associations in exposure and disease. 3. Anthrax was detected annually in numerous species, but large outbreaks were spatially localized, mostly affecting a few focal herbivores. 4. Soil alkalinity and cumulative weather extremes were identified as useful spatial and temporal predictors of exposure and infection risk, and for triggering the onset of large outbreaks. 5. Interacting ecological and behavioural factors, specifically functional groups and spatiotemporal overlap, helped to explain the variable patterns of infection and exposure among species. 6. Synthesis and applications. Our results shed light on ecological drivers of anthrax infection and suggest that soil alkalinity and prolonged droughts or rains are useful predictors of disease occurrence that could guide risk-based surveillance. These insights should inform strategies for managing anthrax including prophylactic livestock vaccination, timing of public health warnings and antibiotic provision in high-risk areas. However, this research highlights the need for greater surveillance (environmental, serological and case-detection-orientated) to determine the mechanisms underlying anthrax dynamics. C1 [Hampson, Katie; Lembo, Tiziana; Bessell, Paul; Auty, Harriet; Halliday, Jo; Cleaveland, Sarah] Univ Glasgow, Coll Med Vet & Life Sci, Inst Biodivers Anim Hlth & Comparat Med, Boyd Orr Ctr Populat & Ecosyst Hlth, Glasgow, Lanark, Scotland. [Packer, Craig] Univ Minnesota, Dept Ecol Evolut & Behav, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Beesley, Cari A.; Wilkins, Patricia P.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Fyumagwa, Robert; Hoare, Richard; Ernest, Eblate] Tanzania Wildlife Res Inst, Arusha, Tanzania. [Mentzel, Christine] Endangered Wildlife Trust, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Metzger, Kristine L.] Univ British Columbia, Ctr Biodivers Res, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada. [Mlengeya, Titus] Tanzania Natl Parks, Arusha, Tanzania. [Roberts, Keith] Tanzania Game Tracker Safaris Friedkin Conservat, Arusha, Tanzania. RP Hampson, K (reprint author), Univ Glasgow, Coll Med Vet & Life Sci, Inst Biodivers Anim Hlth & Comparat Med, Boyd Orr Ctr Populat & Ecosyst Hlth, Glasgow, Lanark, Scotland. EM katie.hampson@gla.ac.uk OI Hampson, Katie/0000-0001-5392-6884; Halliday, Jo/0000-0002-1329-9035; Auty, Harriet/0000-0002-6181-3780 FU Google.org; National Institutes of Health (NIH)/National Science Foundation (NSF) [NSF/DEB0225453]; Wellcome Trust; Department for International Development Animal Health Programme; Messerli Foundation FX We are indebted to the Tanzania Ministries of Livestock Development and Fisheries, and Health and Social Welfare, TANAPA, TAWIRI, NCA Authority, Tanzania Commission for Science Technology, and the National Institute for Medical Research for permissions; TANAPA and TAWIRI Veterinary Units, Viral Transmission Dynamics Project, Serengeti Lion and Cheetah Projects, Frankfurt Zoological Society, livestock field-officers and health-workers in Mara, Mwanza, Shinyanga and Arusha Regions, and TGTS/FCF personnel for assistance with sample collection; and Grant Hopcraft and Michael Anderson for support with compiling ecological data. This work was supported by Google.org, the joint National Institutes of Health (NIH)/National Science Foundation (NSF) Ecology of Infectious Diseases Program under grant no. NSF/DEB0225453, the Wellcome Trust (KH), the Department for International Development Animal Health Programme (SC) and the Messerli Foundation. The opinions expressed by authors do not necessarily reflect the opinions of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the institutions with which the authors are affiliated or the funding bodies. NR 55 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 7 U2 38 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0021-8901 J9 J APPL ECOL JI J. Appl. Ecol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 48 IS 6 BP 1333 EP 1344 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2664.2011.02030.x PG 12 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 853HH UT WOS:000297416300003 PM 22318563 ER PT J AU Xing, J Burkom, H Tokars, J AF Xing, Jian Burkom, Howard Tokars, Jerome TI Method selection and adaptation for distributed monitoring of infectious diseases for syndromic surveillance SO JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL INFORMATICS LA English DT Article DE Automated disease surveillance; Outbreak detection; Algorithm evaluation; Poisson regression ID BIOSURVEILLANCE SYSTEM AB Background: Automated surveillance systems require statistical methods to recognize increases in visit counts that might indicate an outbreak. In prior work we presented methods to enhance the sensitivity of C2, a commonly used time series method. In this study, we compared the enhanced C2 method with five regression models. Methods: We used emergency department chief complaint data from US CDC BioSense surveillance system, aggregated by city (total of 206 hospitals, 16 cities) during 5/2008-4/2009. Data for six syndromes (asthma, gastrointestinal, nausea and vomiting, rash, respiratory, and influenza-like illness) was used and was stratified by mean count (1-19, 20-49, >= 50 per day) into 14 syndrome-count categories. We compared the sensitivity for detecting single-day artificially-added increases in syndrome counts. Four modifications of the C2 time series method, and five regression models (two linear and three Poisson), were tested. A constant alert rate of 1% was used for all methods. Results: Among the regression models tested, we found that a Poisson model controlling for the logarithm of total visits (i.e., visits both meeting and not meeting a syndrome definition), day of week, and 14-day time period was best. Among 14 syndrome-count categories, time series and regression methods produced approximately the same sensitivity (<5% difference) in 6; in six categories, the regression method had higher sensitivity (range 6-14% improvement), and in two categories the time series method had higher sensitivity. Discussion: When automated data are aggregated to the city level, a Poisson regression model that controls for total visits produces the best overall sensitivity for detecting artificially added visit counts. This improvement was achieved without increasing the alert rate, which was held constant at 1% for all methods. These findings will improve our ability to detect outbreaks in automated surveillance system data. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Xing, Jian; Tokars, Jerome] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Burkom, Howard] Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, Laurel, MD 20723 USA. RP Xing, J (reprint author), 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS G-37, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM jxing@cdc.gov; Howard.Burkom@jhuapl.edu; jit1@cdc.gov OI burkom, howard/0000-0003-0667-9467 NR 20 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1532-0464 J9 J BIOMED INFORM JI J. Biomed. Inform. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 44 IS 6 BP 1093 EP 1101 DI 10.1016/j.jbi.2011.08.012 PG 9 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Medical Informatics SC Computer Science; Medical Informatics GA 859VU UT WOS:000297904700019 PM 21889615 ER PT J AU Miller, MD Watson, JC AF Miller, Mark D. Watson, John C. (Jay) TI New Drinking Water Advisory Communication Toolbox SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Watson, John C. (Jay)] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Waterborne Dis Prevent Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Watson, JC (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Waterborne Dis Prevent Branch, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop C-09, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM jcw3@cdc.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU NATL ENVIRON HEALTH ASSOC PI DENVER PA 720 S COLORADO BLVD SUITE 970, SOUTH TOWER, DENVER, CO 80246 USA SN 0022-0892 J9 J ENVIRON HEALTH JI J. Environ. Health PD DEC PY 2011 VL 74 IS 5 BP 30 EP 32 PG 3 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 854ZO UT WOS:000297533500005 ER PT J AU Cao, G Noti, JD Blachere, FM Lindsley, WG Beezhold, DH AF Cao, G. Noti, J. D. Blachere, F. M. Lindsley, W. G. Beezhold, D. H. TI Development of an improved methodology to detect infectious airborne influenza virus using the NIOSH bioaerosol sampler SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING LA English DT Article ID RELATIVE-HUMIDITY; TRANSMISSION; INACTIVATION; TEMPERATURE; AEROSOLS AB A unique two-stage cyclone bioaerosol sampler has been developed at NIOSH that can separate aerosols into three size fractions. The ability of this sampler to collect infectious airborne viruses from a calm-air chamber loaded with influenza A virus was tested. The sampler's efficiency at collecting aerosolized viral particles from a calm-air chamber is essentially the same as that from the high performance SKC BioSampler that collects un-fractionated particles directly into a liquid media (2.4 x 10(4) total viral particles per liter of sampled air (TVP/L) versus 2.6 x 10(4) TVP/L, respectively, after 15 min) and the efficiency is relatively constant over collection times of 15, 30 and 60 min. Approximately 34% of the aerosolized infectious virus collected after 15 min with the NIOSH bioaerosol sampler remained infectious, and infectious virus was found in all three size fractions. After 60 min of sampling, the infectious virus/liter air found in the NIOSH bioaerosol sampler was 15% of that found in the SKC BioSampler. This preservation of infectivity by the NIOSH bioaerosol sampler was maintained even when the initial infectivity prior to aerosolization was as low as 0.06%. The utility of the NIOSH bioaerosol sampler was further extended by incorporating an enhanced infectivity detection methodology developed in our laboratory, the viral replication assay, which amplified the infectious virus making it more readily detectable. C1 [Cao, G.; Noti, J. D.; Blachere, F. M.; Lindsley, W. G.; Beezhold, D. H.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Allergy & Clin Immunol Branch, Hlth Effects Lab Div, Natl Inst Occupat Safety & Hlth, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. RP Noti, JD (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Allergy & Clin Immunol Branch, Hlth Effects Lab Div, Natl Inst Occupat Safety & Hlth, 1095 Willowdale Rd,MS 4020, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM ivr2@cdc.gov OI Lindsley, William/0000-0003-0720-5829 FU NIOSH/CDC; EPA [DW7592259701] FX This work was supported by NIOSH/CDC and EPA through an interagency agreement number DW7592259701. None of the authors have a financial conflict of interest to disclose. NR 26 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 3 U2 13 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1464-0325 J9 J ENVIRON MONITOR JI J. Environ. Monit. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 13 IS 12 BP 3321 EP 3328 DI 10.1039/c1em10607d PG 8 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Environmental Sciences SC Chemistry; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 855IV UT WOS:000297558200001 PM 21975583 ER PT J AU Mizuno, Y Purcell, DW Metsch, LR Gomez, CA Knowlton, AR Latka, MH AF Mizuno, Yuko Purcell, David W. Metsch, Lisa R. Gomez, Cynthia A. Knowlton, Amy R. Latka, Mary H. TI Is Injection Serosorting Occurring among HIV-Positive Injection Drug Users? Comparison by Injection Partner's HIV Status SO JOURNAL OF URBAN HEALTH-BULLETIN OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE HIV-positive IDUs; Injection partner's HIV status; Injection serosorting ID RISK BEHAVIOR; UNPROTECTED SEX; MEN; TRANSMISSION; SEROSTATUS; RESPONSIBILITY; EQUIPMENT; CITIES; GAY AB Research needs to build evidence for the roles that HIV status of injection partners may or may not play in injection risk behaviors of injection drug users (IDUs). Using baseline data collected from a randomized controlled study (INSPIRE) conducted in four cities (Baltimore, Miami, New York, and San Francisco) from 2001 to 2005, we categorized 759 primarily heterosexual HIV-positive IDUs into four groups based on HIV serostatus of drug injection partners. Thirty-two percent of the sample injected exclusively with HIV-positive partners in the past 3 months and more than 60% had risky injection behavior with these partners. Eight percent injected exclusively with HIV-negative partners and 49% injected with any unknown status partners. The remaining 11% reported having both HIV-positive and -negative injection partners, but no partners of unknown HIV status. Riskier injection behavior was found among the group with mixed status partners. The risk among the group with any unknown status partners appeared to be driven by the greater number of injection partners. No major group differences were observed in socio-demographic and psychosocial factors. Our analysis suggests that serosorting appeared to be occurring among some, but not an overwhelming majority of HIV-positive IDUs, and knowledge of HIV status of all injection partners per se did not appear to be as important as knowledge of sexual partner's HIV status in its association with risk behavior. C1 [Mizuno, Yuko; Purcell, David W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA USA. [Metsch, Lisa R.] Univ Miami, Dept Epidemiol & Publ Hlth, Leonard M Miller Sch Med, Miami, FL USA. [Gomez, Cynthia A.] San Francisco State Univ, Hlth Equity Inst, San Francisco, CA 94132 USA. [Knowlton, Amy R.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Hlth Behav & Soc, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. [Latka, Mary H.] Aurum Inst Hlth Res Houghton, Johannesburg, South Africa. RP Mizuno, Y (reprint author), 1600 Clifton Rd,NE Mail Stop E37, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM ymizuno@cdc.gov OI Purcell, David/0000-0001-8125-5168 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC); Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA) FX This study was supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA). The funding was a cooperative agreement, and thus CDC and HRSA provided significant input in study design, analysis, and interpretation of data. NR 29 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 6 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1099-3460 J9 J URBAN HEALTH JI J. Urban Health PD DEC PY 2011 VL 88 IS 6 BP 1031 EP 1043 DI 10.1007/s11524-011-9578-1 PG 13 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 858SA UT WOS:000297821800004 PM 21503815 ER PT J AU Tobin, KE German, D Spikes, P Patterson, J Latkin, C AF Tobin, Karin Elizabeth German, Danielle Spikes, Pilgrim Patterson, Jocelyn Latkin, Carl TI A Comparison of the Social and Sexual Networks of Crack-Using and Non-Crack Using African American Men who Have Sex with Men SO JOURNAL OF URBAN HEALTH-BULLETIN OF THE NEW YORK ACADEMY OF MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE African American men who have sex with men; Crack use; Social networks; HIV risk ID INJECTION-DRUG USERS; HIV-POSITIVE MEN; UNITED-STATES; RISK BEHAVIORS; COCAINE USE; YOUNG MEN; CONCURRENT PARTNERSHIPS; STIMULANT USE; LOS-ANGELES; CONDOM USE AB The role of crack cocaine in accelerating the HIV epidemic among heterosexual populations has been well documented. Little is known about crack use as an HIV risk factor among African American men who have sex with men (AA MSM), a group disproportionately infected with HIV. We sought to compare the social and sexual network characteristics of crack-using and non-crack using AA MSM in Baltimore, MD, USA and to examine associations of crack use with sexual risk. Participants were recruited using street-based and internet-based outreach, printed advertisements, word of mouth. Inclusion criteria were being aged 18 years or older, African American or of black race/ethnicity, and have self-reported sex with another male in the prior 90 days. Crack use was operationalized as self-report of crack in the prior 90 days. Logistic regression was used to identify variables that were independently associated with crack use. Of 230 enrolled AA MSM, 37% (n = 84) reported crack use. The sexual networks of crack-using AA MSM were composed of a greater number of HIV-positive sex partners, exchange partners, and partners who were both sex and drug partners and fewer networks with whom they always use condoms as compared to non-crack using AA MSM. Crack use was independently associated with increased odds of bisexual identity and networks with a greater number of exchange partners, overlap of drug and sex partners, and lesser condom use. Results of this study highlight sexual network characteristics of crack-smoking AA MSM that may promote transmission of HIV. HIV interventions are needed that are tailored to address the social context of crack-smoking AA MSM risk behaviors. C1 [Tobin, Karin Elizabeth; German, Danielle; Latkin, Carl] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Behav & Soc, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Spikes, Pilgrim; Patterson, Jocelyn] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Prevent Res Branch, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Tobin, KE (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Behav & Soc, 2213 McElderry St,2nd Floor, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. EM ktobin@jhsph.edu FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [1UR6PS000355] FX The Latino and African American Mens Project (LAAMP) Study Team also wishes to acknowledge all of the study participants who volunteered for this project and the study staff and facilitators for their commitment to the success of this project. We would like to acknowledge and thank the CDC Study Team: Stephen A. Flores, Heather Joseph, David Purcell, Greg Millett, Cathy Zhang, and Helen Ding. This research was funded through a grant from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1UR6PS000355. NR 44 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 3 U2 8 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1099-3460 J9 J URBAN HEALTH JI J. Urban Health PD DEC PY 2011 VL 88 IS 6 BP 1052 EP 1062 DI 10.1007/s11524-011-9611-4 PG 11 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 858SA UT WOS:000297821800006 PM 21882072 ER PT J AU Bird, BH Maartens, LH Campbell, S Erasmus, BJ Erickson, BR Dodd, KA Spiropoulou, CF Cannon, D Drew, CP Knust, B McElroy, AK Khristova, ML Albarino, CG Nichol, ST AF Bird, Brian H. Maartens, Louis H. Campbell, Shelley Erasmus, Baltus J. Erickson, Bobbie R. Dodd, Kimberly A. Spiropoulou, Christina F. Cannon, Deborah Drew, Clifton P. Knust, Barbara McElroy, Anita K. Khristova, Marina L. Albarino, Cesar G. Nichol, Stuart T. TI Rift Valley Fever Virus Vaccine Lacking the NSs and NSm Genes Is Safe, Nonteratogenic, and Confers Protection from Viremia, Pyrexia, and Abortion following Challenge in Adult and Pregnant Sheep SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID RECENT COMMON ANCESTRY; PROTEIN; TRANSCRIPTION; CATTLE; KENYA; REPLICATION; PHLEBOVIRUS; INFECTION; VIRULENCE; PATHOLOGY AB Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV) is a mosquito-borne human and veterinary pathogen causing large outbreaks of severe disease throughout Africa and the Arabian Peninsula. Safe and effective vaccines are critically needed, especially those that can be used in a targeted one-health approach to prevent both livestock and human disease. We report here on the safety, immunogenicity, and efficacy of the Delta NSs-Delta NSm recombinant RVFV (rRVFV) vaccine (which lacks the NSs and NSm virulence factors) in a total of 41 sheep, including 29 timed-pregnant ewes. This vaccine was proven safe and immunogenic for adult animals at doses ranging from 1.0 x 10(3) to 1.0 x 10(5) PFU administered subcutaneously (s.c.). Pregnant animals were vaccinated with 1.0 x 10(4) PFU s.c. at day 42 of gestation, when fetal sensitivity to RVFV vaccine-induced teratogenesis is highest. No febrile reactions, clinical illness, or pregnancy loss was observed following vaccination. Vaccination resulted in a rapid increase in anti-RVFV IgM (day 4) and IgG (day 7) titers. No seroconversion occurred in cohoused control animals. A subset of 20 ewes progressed to full-term delivery after vaccination. All lambs were born without musculoskeletal, neurological, or histological birth defects. Vaccine efficacy was assessed in 9 pregnant animals challenged at day 122 of gestation with virulent RVFV (1.0 x 10(6) PFU intravenously). Following challenge, 100% (9/9) of the animals were protected, progressed to full term, and delivered healthy lambs. As expected, all 3 sham-vaccinated controls experienced viremia, fetal death, and abortion postchallenge. These results demonstrate that the Delta NSs-Delta NSm rRVFV vaccine is safe and nonteratogenic and confers high-level protection in sheep. C1 [Bird, Brian H.; Campbell, Shelley; Erickson, Bobbie R.; Dodd, Kimberly A.; Spiropoulou, Christina F.; Cannon, Deborah; Knust, Barbara; McElroy, Anita K.; Albarino, Cesar G.; Nichol, Stuart T.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Viral Special Pathogens Branch, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Drew, Clifton P.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Infect Dis Pathol Branch, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Khristova, Marina L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Biotechnol Core Facil, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Maartens, Louis H.; Erasmus, Baltus J.] Deltamune Pty Ltd, Pretoria, South Africa. [Dodd, Kimberly A.] Univ Calif Davis, Sch Vet Med, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [McElroy, Anita K.] Emory Univ, Dept Pediat, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Nichol, ST (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Viral Special Pathogens Branch, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS G-14, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM stn1@cdc.gov NR 35 TC 50 Z9 51 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0022-538X J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 85 IS 24 BP 12901 EP 12909 DI 10.1128/JVI.06046-11 PG 9 WC Virology SC Virology GA 856LI UT WOS:000297642000008 PM 21976656 ER PT J AU Ledgerwood, JE Wei, CJ Hu, ZH Gordon, IJ Enama, ME Hendel, CS McTamney, PM Pearce, MB Yassine, HM Boyington, JC Bailer, R Tumpey, TM Koup, RA Mascola, JR Nabel, GJ Graham, BS AF Ledgerwood, Julie E. Wei, Chih-Jen Hu, Zonghui Gordon, Ingelise J. Enama, Mary E. Hendel, Cynthia S. McTamney, Patrick M. Pearce, Melissa B. Yassine, Hadi M. Boyington, Jeffrey C. Bailer, Robert Tumpey, Terrence M. Koup, Richard A. Mascola, John R. Nabel, Gary J. Graham, Barney S. CA VRC 306 Study Team TI DNA priming and influenza vaccine immunogenicity: two phase 1 open label randomised clinical trials SO LANCET INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID NEUTRALIZING ANTIBODY; CANDIDATE VACCINE; HEALTHY-ADULTS; PANDEMIC INFLUENZA; PHASE-1 SAFETY; VIRUS; HEMAGGLUTININ; RESPONSES; BOOST; H1 AB Background Because the general population is largely naive to H5N1 influenza, antibodies generated to H5 allow analysis of novel influenza vaccines independent of background immunity from previous infection. We assessed the safety and immunogenicity of DNA encoding H5 as a priming vaccine to improve antibody responses to inactivated influenza vaccination. Methods In VRC 306 and VRC 310, two sequentially enrolled phase 1, open-label, randomised clinical trials, healthy adults (age 18-60 years) were randomly assigned to receive intramuscular H5 DNA (4 mg) at day 0 or twice, at day 0 and week 4, followed by H5N1 monovalent inactivated vaccine (MIV; 90 mu g) at 4 or 24 weeks, and compared with a two-dose regimen of H5N1 MIV with either a 4 or 24 week interval. Antibody responses were assessed by haemagglutination inhibition (HAI), ELISA, neutralisation (ID(80)), and immunoassays for stem-directed antibodies. T cell responses were assessed by intracellular cytokine staining. After enrolment, investigators and individuals were not masked to group assignment. VRC 306 and VRC 310 are registered with ClinicalTrials.gov, numbers NCT00776711 and NCT01086657, respectively. Findings In VRC 306, 60 individuals were randomly assigned to the four groups (15 in each) and 59 received the vaccinations. In VRC 310, of the 21 individuals enrolled, 20 received the vaccinations (nine received a two-dose regimen of H5N1 MIV and 11 received H5 DNA at day 0 followed by H5N1 MIV at week 24). H5 DNA priming was safe and enhanced H5-specific antibody titres following an H5N1 MW boost, especially when the interval between DNA prime and MIV boost was extended to 24 weeks. In the two studies, DNA priming with a 24-week MIV boost interval induced protective HAI titres in 21 (81%) of 26 of individuals, with an increase in geometric mean titre (GMT) of more than four times that of individuals given the MIV-MIV regimen at 4 or 24 weeks (GMT 103-206 vs GMT 27-33). Additionally, neutralising antibodies directed to the conserved stem region of H5 were induced by this prime-boost regimen in several individuals. No vaccine-related serious adverse events were recorded. Interpretation DNA priming 24 weeks in advance of influenza vaccine boosting increased the magnitude of protective antibody responses (HAI) and in some cases induced haemagglutinin-stem-specific neutralising antibodies. A DNA-MIV vaccine regimen could enhance the efficacy of H5 or other influenza vaccines and shows that anti-stem antibodies can be elicited by vaccination in man. C1 [Ledgerwood, Julie E.; Wei, Chih-Jen; Gordon, Ingelise J.; Enama, Mary E.; Hendel, Cynthia S.; McTamney, Patrick M.; Yassine, Hadi M.; Boyington, Jeffrey C.; Bailer, Robert; Koup, Richard A.; Mascola, John R.; Nabel, Gary J.; Graham, Barney S.] NIAID, Vaccine Res Ctr, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Hu, Zonghui] NIAID, Biostat Res Branch, Div Clin Res, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Pearce, Melissa B.; Tumpey, Terrence M.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Ledgerwood, JE (reprint author), NIAID, Vaccine Res Ctr, NIH, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM ledgerwood@mail.nih.gov FU National Institutes of Health (NIH); NIAID FX This study was sponsored by the National Institutes of Health (NIH). We thank the vaccine trials volunteers for their contribution and commitment to vaccine research; Ed Tramont for critical review of the Article; and Brenda Hartman for technical and graphical assistance. We acknowledge the contributions of our NIH Clinical Center and NIAID colleagues, especially Barry Eagel, our VRC colleagues, especially Abraham Mittelman, Monique Young, Richard Jones, Judy Stein, the EMMES Corporation (Rockville MD, USA) and Bioqual Inc (Rockville, MD, USA), the NIAID Institutional Review Board, the NIAID Office of Communications and Government Relations, the NIH Clinical Center IND Pharmacy, and the NIH Clinical Center Patient Recruitment and Public Liaison Office. We appreciate the assistance from Linda Lambert and Robin Mason at DMID, NIAID and Charles Whitaker at Sanofi Pasteur. This clinical trial was funded by the NIAID Intramural programme. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the funding agency or collaborators. NR 37 TC 102 Z9 103 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1473-3099 J9 LANCET INFECT DIS JI Lancet Infect. Dis. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 11 IS 12 BP 916 EP 924 DI 10.1016/S1473-3099(11)70240-7 PG 9 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 854KV UT WOS:000297494300018 PM 21975270 ER PT J AU Aristeguieta, C de Perio, MA AF Aristeguieta, Carlos de Perio, Marie A. TI Three cases of hairy cell leukemia in coal miners SO LEUKEMIA & LYMPHOMA LA English DT Letter ID OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURES; SMOKING C1 [Aristeguieta, Carlos; de Perio, Marie A.] NIOSH, DSHEFS, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. RP de Perio, MA (reprint author), NIOSH, DSHEFS, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 4676 Columbia Pkwy MS R10, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM mdeperio@cdc.gov NR 6 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE PI LONDON PA TELEPHONE HOUSE, 69-77 PAUL STREET, LONDON EC2A 4LQ, ENGLAND SN 1042-8194 J9 LEUKEMIA LYMPHOMA JI Leuk. Lymphoma PD DEC PY 2011 VL 52 IS 12 BP 2391 EP 2392 DI 10.3109/10428194.2011.610011 PG 2 WC Oncology; Hematology SC Oncology; Hematology GA 857FD UT WOS:000297700900027 PM 21827340 ER PT J AU Vassy, JL Shrader, P Yang, QH Liu, TB Yesupriya, A Chang, MH Dowling, NF Ned, RM Dupuis, J Florez, JC Khoury, MJ Meigs, JB AF Vassy, Jason L. Shrader, Peter Yang, Quanhe Liu, Tiebin Yesupriya, Ajay Chang, Man-huei Dowling, Nicole F. Ned, Renee M. Dupuis, Josee Florez, Jose C. Khoury, Muin J. Meigs, James B. TI Genetic Associations with Metabolic Syndrome and Its Quantitative Traits by Race/Ethnicity in the United States SO METABOLIC SYNDROME AND RELATED DISORDERS LA English DT Article ID GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION; NUTRITION EXAMINATION SURVEY; 3RD NATIONAL-HEALTH; BODY-MASS INDEX; INSULIN-RESISTANCE; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; FTO GENE; SUSCEPTIBILITY LOCI; COMMON VARIANTS; ADULT OBESITY AB Background: Elevated insulin resistance (IR), triglycerides (TG), body mass index (BMI), and waist circumference (WC) are features of the metabolic syndrome. Although several single- nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with these traits have been reported, no study has reported their risk allele frequencies and effect sizes among the major U.S. race/ethnic groups in a nationally representative sample. Methods: We compared the risk allele frequencies of eight SNPs previously associated with IR, TG, BMI, or WC by race/ethnicity (non-Hispanic white, non-Hispanic black, Mexican American) in 3,030 participants of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Study III (NHANES III). In regression models predicting IR, TG, BMI, WC, and metabolic syndrome, we tested whether the SNP effect sizes on these traits varied by race/ ethnicity. Results: Risk allele frequencies varied by race/ethnicity for all eight loci (P < 0.0001). The directionality of effects of the variants on IR, TG, WC, and BMI was generally consistent with previous observations and did not differ by race/ethnicity (P > 0.001), although our study had low power for this test. No SNP predicted metabolic syndrome in any of the three groups (P > 0.05). Conclusions: The significance of racial/ethnic differences in risk allele frequencies merits consideration if genetic discoveries are to have clinical and public health applicability. C1 [Vassy, Jason L.; Shrader, Peter; Meigs, James B.] Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Div Gen Med, Boston, MA 02114 USA. [Yang, Quanhe; Liu, Tiebin; Yesupriya, Ajay; Chang, Man-huei; Dowling, Nicole F.; Ned, Renee M.; Khoury, Muin J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Publ Hlth Genom, CDC, Atlanta, GA USA. [Dupuis, Josee] Boston Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Biostat, Boston, MA USA. [Florez, Jose C.] Broad Inst, Program Med & Populat Genet, Cambridge, MA USA. [Florez, Jose C.; Meigs, James B.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Boston, MA USA. RP Vassy, JL (reprint author), Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Div Gen Med, 50 Staniford St, Boston, MA 02114 USA. EM jvassy@partners.org OI Dupuis, Josee/0000-0003-2871-3603 FU National Institutes of Health (NIH) National Research Service Health Resources and Services Administration [T32 HP12706]; NIH FX We thank Dana Crawford, Ph. D., and Matthew Oetjens, B.S., for sharing their NHANES III ancestry analyses. Dr. Vassy is supported by National Institutes of Health (NIH) National Research Service Award grant T32 HP12706 from the Health Resources and Services Administration and the NIH Loan Repayment Program (National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, NIDDK). The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 42 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1540-4196 J9 METAB SYNDR RELAT D JI Metab. Syndr. Relat. Disord. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 9 IS 6 BP 475 EP 482 DI 10.1089/met.2011.0021 PG 8 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA 859BL UT WOS:000297849000009 PM 21848424 ER PT J AU Welsh, JA Sharma, AJ Grellinger, L Vos, MB AF Welsh, Jean A. Sharma, Andrea J. Grellinger, Lisa Vos, Miriam B. TI Intake of added sugars in the United States: what is the measure? Reply SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION LA English DT Letter ID NUTRIENTS C1 [Welsh, Jean A.; Grellinger, Lisa; Vos, Miriam B.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pediat Gastroenterol Hepatol & Nutr, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Sharma, Andrea J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Atlanta, GA USA. [Sharma, Andrea J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Welsh, JA (reprint author), Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pediat Gastroenterol Hepatol & Nutr, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. EM jwelsh1@emory.edu FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999]; NIDDK NIH HHS [K23 DK080953] NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC NUTRITION-ASN PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0002-9165 J9 AM J CLIN NUTR JI Am. J. Clin. Nutr. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 94 IS 6 BP 1653 EP 1653 DI 10.3945/ajcn.111.026559 PG 1 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 852PA UT WOS:000297368700038 PM 22106420 ER PT J AU Schubauer-Berigan, MK Hein, MJ Raudabaugh, WM Ruder, AM Silver, SR Spaeth, S Steenland, K Petersen, MR Waters, KM AF Schubauer-Berigan, Mary K. Hein, Misty J. Raudabaugh, William M. Ruder, Avima M. Silver, Sharon R. Spaeth, Steven Steenland, Kyle Petersen, Martin R. Waters, Kathleen M. TI Update of the NIOSH Life Table Analysis System: A Person-Years Analysis Program for the Windows Computing Environment SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE epidemiologic methods; cohort analysis; person-years analysis; occupational; statistical methods ID LUNG-CANCER MORTALITY; ASBESTOS TEXTILE WORKERS; SAFETY-AND-HEALTH; URANIUM MINERS; COHORT; EXPOSURE; ASSOCIATIONS; INSTITUTE; PATTERNS; LEUKEMIA AB Background Person-years analysis is a fundamental tool of occupational epidemiology. A life table analysis system (LTAS), previously developed by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, was limited by its platform and analysis and reporting capabilities. We describe the updating of LTAS for the Windows operating system (LTAS. NET) with improved properties. Software Development Process A group of epidemiologists, programmers, and statisticians developed software, platform, and computing requirements. Statistical methods include the use of (indirectly) standardized mortality ratios, (directly) standardized rate ratios, confidence intervals, and P values based on the normal approximation and exact Poisson methods, and a trend estimator for linear exposure-response associations. Software Features We show examples using LTAS. NET to stratify and analyze multiple fixed and time-dependent variables. Data import, stratification, and reporting options are highly flexible. Users may export stratified data for Poisson regression modeling. Conclusions LTAS. NET incorporates improvements that will facilitate more complex person-years analysis of occupational cohort data. Am. J. Ind. Med. 54: 915-924, 2011. Published 2011. This article is a U. S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA. C1 [Schubauer-Berigan, Mary K.; Hein, Misty J.; Ruder, Avima M.; Silver, Sharon R.; Spaeth, Steven; Petersen, Martin R.; Waters, Kathleen M.] NIOSH, Div Surveillance Hazard Evaluat & Field Studies, Ind Studies Branch, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Raudabaugh, William M.] Adivo Ltd, Dublin, OH USA. [Steenland, Kyle] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Schubauer-Berigan, MK (reprint author), NIOSH, Div Surveillance Hazard Evaluat & Field Studies, Ind Studies Branch, 4676 Columbia Pkwy,MS R15, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM zcg3@cdc.gov RI Schubauer-Berigan, Mary/B-3149-2009; Ruder, Avima/I-4155-2012; OI Schubauer-Berigan, Mary/0000-0002-5175-924X; Ruder, Avima/0000-0003-0419-6664; Silver, Sharon/0000-0002-7679-5028 NR 32 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 3 U2 6 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0271-3586 EI 1097-0274 J9 AM J IND MED JI Am. J. Ind. Med. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 54 IS 12 BP 915 EP 924 DI 10.1002/ajim.20999 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 853GR UT WOS:000297414700004 PM 22068723 ER PT J AU Cantey, PT Roy, S Lee, B Cronquist, A Smith, K Liang, J Beach, MJ AF Cantey, Paul T. Roy, Sharon Lee, Brian Cronquist, Alicia Smith, Kirk Liang, Jennifer Beach, Michael J. TI Study of Nonoutbreak Giardiasis: Novel Findings and Implications for Research SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE Diarrhea; Extraintestinal manifestations; Giardia; Nonoutbreak ID REACTIVE ARTHRITIS; UNITED-STATES; BEAVER FEVER; LAMBLIA INFECTION; CHRONIC URTICARIA; RARE CAUSE; INTESTINALIS; SYMPTOMS; OUTBREAK; CHILDREN AB BACKGROUND: The burden of nonoutbreak-related Giardia infections in the US is poorly understood, with little information on its impact on people's lives and on unusual manifestations of infection. This study was designed with the objectives of better defining the impact of infection, examining the occurrence of extraintestinal manifestations, and determining risk factors for delayed treatment of infection. METHODS: Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network surveillance was used to identify persons with nonoutbreak-related, laboratory-confirmed Giardia infection. People were enrolled into the Risk Factor arm and the Delayed Enrollment arm. Detailed questionnaires collected information on clinical manifestations, impact on activities of daily living, health care utilization, and treatment. RESULTS: The study enrolled 290 people. Multivariate predictors of delayed study enrollment, a surrogate for delayed diagnosis of Giardia, included intermittent diarrheal symptoms, delayed time to first health care visit, and income. Decreased ability to participate in one's activities of daily living was reported by 210 (72.4%) participants. Appropriate therapeutic agent for Giardia was received by 237 (81.7%) by the time of study enrollment. Extraintestinal manifestations of Giardia were reported by 72 (33.8%) persons who enrolled in the Risk Factor arm. CONCLUSIONS: The presence of intermittent diarrhea contributes to delayed health-seeking behavior and to delayed diagnosis of Giardia. More study is needed to determine if this symptom can help distinguish Giardia from other causes of infectious diarrhea. The occurrence of extraintestinal manifestations of Giardia infection does not appear to be rare, and merits further study. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. The American Journal of Medicine (2011) 124, 1175.e1-1175.e8 C1 [Cantey, Paul T.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Cantey, Paul T.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Off Surveillance Epidemiol & Lab Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Roy, Sharon; Beach, Michael J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Lee, Brian] Univ Minnesota, Minnesota Populat Ctr, Minneapolis, MN USA. [Cronquist, Alicia] Colorado Dept Hlth & Environm, Denver, CO USA. [Smith, Kirk] Minnesota Dept Hlth, St Paul, MN USA. [Liang, Jennifer] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Bacterial Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Cantey, PT (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Ctr Global Hlth, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS A-06, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM gdn9@cdc.gov RI Lee, Brian/M-5741-2016 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC); US Department of Agriculture Food Safety and Inspection Service; Food and Drug Administration Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition FX This study was funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Emerging Infections Program; the US Department of Agriculture Food Safety and Inspection Service; and the Food and Drug Administration Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not represent the views of the CDC. NR 44 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0002-9343 J9 AM J MED JI Am. J. Med. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 124 IS 12 AR 1175.e1 DI 10.1016/j.amjmed.2011.06.012 PG 8 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 853CZ UT WOS:000297405100026 PM 22014792 ER PT J AU Arbyn, M Castellsague, X de Sanjose, S Bruni, L Saraiya, M Bray, F Ferlay, J AF Arbyn, M. Castellsague, X. de Sanjose, S. Bruni, L. Saraiya, M. Bray, F. Ferlay, J. TI Worldwide burden of cervical cancer in 2008 SO ANNALS OF ONCOLOGY LA English DT Article DE cervical cancer; global estimates; HPV; human papillomavirus; incidence; mortality ID HUMAN-PAPILLOMAVIRUS; QUADRIVALENT VACCINE; DEVELOPING-COUNTRIES; POOLED ANALYSIS; MORTALITY; TRENDS; PREVALENCE; SMOKING; WOMEN; RATES AB Background: The knowledge that persistent human papillomavirus infection is the main cause of cervical cancer has resulted in the development of assays that detect nucleic acids of the virus and prophylactic vaccines. Up-to-date and reliable data are needed to assess impact of existing preventive measures and to define priorities for the future. Materials and methods: Best estimates on cervical cancer incidence and mortality are presented using recently compiled data from cancer and mortality registries for the year 2008. Results: There were an estimated 530 000 cases of cervical cancer and 275 000 deaths from the disease in 2008. It is the third most common female cancer ranking after breast (1.38 million cases) and colorectal cancer (0.57 million cases). The incidence of cervical cancer varies widely among countries with world age-standardised rates ranging from < 1 to > 50 per 100 000. Cervical cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death among women in Eastern, Western and Middle Africa; Central America; South-Central Asia and Melanesia. The highest incidence rate is observed in Guinea, with similar to 6.5% of women developing cervical cancer before the age of 75 years. India is the country with the highest disease frequency with 134 000 cases and 73 000 deaths. Cervical cancer, more than the other major cancers, affects women < 45 years. Conclusions: In spite of effective screening methods, cervical cancer continues to be a major public health problem. New methodologies of cervical cancer prevention should be made available and accessible for women of all countries through well-organised programmes. C1 [Arbyn, M.] Sci Inst Publ Hlth, Canc Epidemiol Unit, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium. [Bray, F.; Ferlay, J.] Int Agcy Res Canc, Sect Canc Informat, F-69372 Lyon, France. [Arbyn, M.; Castellsague, X.; de Sanjose, S.; Bruni, L.] Free Univ Amsterdam, Hlth Econ Modelling Prevent Strategies HPV Relate, Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Castellsague, X.; de Sanjose, S.; Bruni, L.] Catalonian Inst Oncol, Unit Infect & Canc, Barcelona, Spain. [Castellsague, X.; de Sanjose, S.; Bruni, L.] Consortium Biomed Res Epidemiol & Publ Hlth CIBER, Barcelona, Spain. [Saraiya, M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Arbyn, M (reprint author), Sci Inst Publ Hlth, Canc Epidemiol Unit, J Wytsmanst 14, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium. EM marc.arbyn@wiv-isp.be RI de Sanjose Llongueras, Silvia/H-6339-2014; Bruni, Laia/N-5816-2014; Castellsague Pique, Xavier/N-5795-2014; OI Castellsague Pique, Xavier/0000-0002-0802-3595; Bruni, Laia/0000-0003-3943-0326 FU European Commission[Directorate of SANCO (Directorate General for Health & Consumers), Luxembourg, Grand-Duchy of Luxembourg], through the ECCG [European Cooperation]; DG Research of the European Commission through the PREHDICT [242061]; EUROCOURSE; Belgian Foundation against Cancer (Brussels, Belgium); Institute for the Promotion of Innovation by Science and Technology in Flanders (IWT-Vlaanderen) [060081] FX European Commission[Directorate of SANCO (Directorate General for Health & Consumers), Luxembourg, Grand-Duchy of Luxembourg], through the ECCG project [European Cooperation on Development and Implementation of Cancer Screening and Prevention Guidelines, IARC, Lyon, France and the EUROCHIP-3 Network (Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy)], and the 7th Framework Programme of DG Research of the European Commission through the PREHDICT project [Health-Economic Modelling of Prevention Strategies for HPV-Related Diseases in European Countries; 242061, coordinated by the Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands] and the EUROCOURSE project (Europe Against Cancer: Optimisation of the Use of Registries for Scientific Excellence in Research, coordinated by the Comprehensive Cancer Centre South, Eindhoven, The Netherlands); Belgian Foundation against Cancer (Brussels, Belgium); Institute for the Promotion of Innovation by Science and Technology in Flanders (IWT-Vlaanderen, refnum 060081). NR 49 TC 389 Z9 422 U1 10 U2 43 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0923-7534 J9 ANN ONCOL JI Ann. Oncol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 22 IS 12 BP 2675 EP 2686 DI 10.1093/annonc/mdr015 PG 12 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 852IR UT WOS:000297351700021 PM 21471563 ER PT J AU Miller, BL Ahmed, F Lindley, MC Wortley, PM AF Miller, Brady L. Ahmed, Faruque Lindley, Megan C. Wortley, Pascale M. TI Institutional Requirements for Influenza Vaccination of Healthcare Personnel: Results From a Nationally Representative Survey of Acute Care Hospitals-United States, 2011 SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; LONG-TERM-CARE; SEASONAL INFLUENZA; HOME STAFF; WORKERS; MORTALITY; PROGRAM; RESIDENTS; MANDATE; RATES AB Background. Many health professional organizations now endorse influenza vaccination as a condition of employment in healthcare settings. Our objective was to describe institutional requirements for influenza vaccination of healthcare personnel (HCP) among US hospitals during the 2010-2011 influenza season. Methods. A survey was mailed in 2011 to a nationally representative sample of 998 acute care hospitals. An institutional requirement was defined as "a policy that requires HCP to receive or decline influenza vaccination, with or without consequences for vaccine refusal." A weighted analysis included univariate analyses and logistic regression. Results. Of responding hospitals (n = 808; 81.0%), 440 (55.6%) reported institutional requirements for influenza vaccination. Although employees were uniformly subject to requirements, nonemployees often were not. The proportion of requirements with consequences for vaccine refusal was 44.4% (n = 194); where consequences were imposed, nonmedical exemptions were often granted (69.3%). Wearing a mask was the most common consequence (74.2% of 194 requirements); by contrast, 29 hospitals (14.4%) terminated unvaccinated HCP. After adjustment for demographic factors, the following characteristics remained significantly associated with requirements: location in a state requiring HCP to receive or decline influenza vaccine, caring for inpatients that are potentially vulnerable to influenza, use of >= 9 Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices-recommended, evidence-based influenza vaccination campaign strategies, and for-profit ownership. Conclusions. Influenza vaccination requirements were prevalent among hospitals of varying size and location. However, few policies were as stringent or as comprehensive as those endorsed by health professional organizations. Because influenza vaccination requirements are a viable alternative for hospitals unable to achieve high coverage through voluntary policies, there is still substantial room for improvement. C1 [Miller, Brady L.; Ahmed, Faruque; Lindley, Megan C.; Wortley, Pascale M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunizat Serv Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Miller, BL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunizat Serv Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS A-19, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM bradymil@med.umich.edu FU US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX This work was supported by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 39 TC 26 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 13 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD DEC 1 PY 2011 VL 53 IS 11 BP 1051 EP 1059 DI 10.1093/cid/cir633 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 851OH UT WOS:000297279900005 PM 22045954 ER PT J AU Desai, R Yen, C Wikswo, M Gregoricus, NA Provo, JE Parashar, UD Hall, AJ AF Desai, Rishi Yen, Catherine Wikswo, Mary Gregoricus, Nicole A. Provo, Jace E. Parashar, Umesh D. Hall, Aron J. TI Transmission of Norovirus Among NBA Players and Staff, Winter 2010-2011 SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Editorial Material ID NORWALK-LIKE VIRUSES AB In December 2010, 24 players and staff members from 13 National Basketball Association teams were affected with gastroenteritis symptoms. Four of 5 stool specimens from ill players and staff tested positive for norovirus genogroup II. We document evidence of transmission both within teams and, potentially, between teams in 2 instances. C1 [Desai, Rishi; Yen, Catherine; Wikswo, Mary; Gregoricus, Nicole A.; Parashar, Umesh D.; Hall, Aron J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Provo, Jace E.] Natl Basketball Assoc, New York, NY USA. RP Desai, R (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS-A34, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM rdesai1@cdc.gov NR 11 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 9 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD DEC 1 PY 2011 VL 53 IS 11 BP 1115 EP 1117 DI 10.1093/cid/cir682 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 851OH UT WOS:000297279900014 PM 22042874 ER PT J AU Marks, G Gardner, LI Craw, J Giordano, TP Mugavero, MJ Keruly, JC Wilson, TE Metsch, LR Drainoni, ML Malitz, F AF Marks, Gary Gardner, Lytt I. Craw, Jason Giordano, Thomas P. Mugavero, Michael J. Keruly, Jeanne C. Wilson, Tracey E. Metsch, Lisa R. Drainoni, Mari-Lynn Malitz, Faye TI The Spectrum of Engagement in HIV Care: Do More Than 19% of HIV-Infected Persons in the US Have Undetectable Viral Load? SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Letter C1 [Marks, Gary; Gardner, Lytt I.; Craw, Jason] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Giordano, Thomas P.] Baylor Coll Med, Thomas St Hlth Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Giordano, Thomas P.] DeBakey VA Med Ctr, Houston, TX USA. [Mugavero, Michael J.] Univ Alabama Birmingham UAB, UAB Ctr AIDS Res, Birmingham, AL USA. [Mugavero, Michael J.] UAB 1917 Clin, Birmingham, AL USA. [Keruly, Jeanne C.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Med, Baltimore, MD USA. [Wilson, Tracey E.] Suny Downstate Med Ctr, Sch Publ Hlth, Brooklyn, NY 11203 USA. [Metsch, Lisa R.] Univ Miami, Miller Sch Med, Dev Ctr AIDS Res, Coral Gables, FL 33124 USA. [Drainoni, Mari-Lynn] Boston Univ, Dept Hlth Policy & Management, Sch Publ Hlth, Sect Infect Dis,Dept Med,Sch Med, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Malitz, Faye] Hlth Resources & Serv Adm, HIV AIDS Bur, Rockville, MD USA. RP Marks, G (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM gmarks@cdc.gov NR 4 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 11 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD DEC 1 PY 2011 VL 53 IS 11 BP 1168 EP U154 DI 10.1093/cid/cir678 PG 2 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 851OH UT WOS:000297279900025 PM 21976466 ER PT J AU Thomson, JL Tussing-Humphreys, LM Onufrak, SJ Zoellner, JM Connell, CL Bogle, ML Yadrick, K AF Thomson, Jessica L. Tussing-Humphreys, Lisa M. Onufrak, Stephen J. Zoellner, Jamie M. Connell, Carol L. Bogle, Margaret L. Yadrick, Kathy TI A Simulation Study of the Potential Effects of Healthy Food and Beverage Substitutions on Diet Quality and Total Energy Intake in Lower Mississippi Delta Adults SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITION LA English DT Article ID EATING INDEX-2005; COLORECTAL-CANCER; OLDER-ADULTS; RECOMMENDATIONS; GUIDELINES; PATTERNS; WEIGHT; RECALL; SOUTH; RISK AB The majority of adult diets in the United States, particularly the South, are of poor quality, putting these individuals at increased risk for chronic diseases. In this study, simulation modeling was used to determine the effects of substituting familiar, more healthful foods and beverages for less healthy ones on diet quality and total energy intake in Lower Mississippi Delta (LMD) adults. Dietary data collected in 2000 for 1689 LMD adults who participated in the Foods of Our Delta Study were analyzed. The Healthy Eating Index-2005 (HE vertical bar-2005) was used to measure diet quality. The effects of substituting targeted foods and beverages with more healthful items on diet quality were simulated by replacing the targeted items' nutrient profile with their replacements' profile. For the single food and beverage groups, 100% replacement of grain desserts with juice-packed fruit cocktail and sugar-sweetened beverages with water resulted in the largest improvements in diet quality (4.0 and 3.8 points, respectively) and greatest decreases in total energy intake (98 and 215 kcal/d, respectively). The 100% substitution of all food and beverage groups combined resulted in a 12.0-point increase in HE vertical bar-2005 score and a decrease of 785 kcal/d in total energy intake. Community interventions designed to improve the diet of LMD adults through the use of familiar, healthy food and beverage substitutions have the potential to improve diet quality and decrease energy intake of this health disparate population. J. Nutr. 141: 2191-2197, 2011. C1 [Thomson, Jessica L.; Tussing-Humphreys, Lisa M.] ARS, USDA, So Reg Res Ctr, Baton Rouge, LA USA. [Onufrak, Stephen J.] CDC, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Zoellner, Jamie M.] Virginia Tech, Dept Human Nutr Foods & Exercise, Blacksburg, VA USA. [Connell, Carol L.; Yadrick, Kathy] Univ So Mississippi, Dept Nutr & Food Syst, Hattiesburg, MS 39406 USA. [Bogle, Margaret L.] ARS, USDA, Delta Obes Prevent Res Unit, Little Rock, AR USA. RP Thomson, JL (reprint author), ARS, USDA, So Reg Res Ctr, Baton Rouge, LA USA. EM jessica.thomson@ars.usda.gov FU USDA [6251-53000-004-00D, 6401-53000-001-00D] FX Supported in part by the USDA Agricultural Research Service Projects 6251-53000-004-00D and 6401-53000-001-00D. The contents of this publication do not necessarily reflect the views or politics of the USDA, nor does mention of trade names, commercial products, or organizations imply endorsement by the U.S. government. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the CDC. The responsibility for all presented material rests exclusively with the authors. NR 34 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 7 PU AMER SOC NUTRITION-ASN PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-3166 J9 J NUTR JI J. Nutr. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 141 IS 12 BP 2191 EP 2197 DI 10.3945/jn.111.144659 PG 7 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 852WC UT WOS:000297387200015 PM 22031664 ER PT J AU Theodoridou, K Papaevangelou, V Papadogeorgaki, E Quinlivan, M Theodoridou, M Kakourou, T Breuer, J AF Theodoridou, Kalliopi Papaevangelou, Vassiliki Papadogeorgaki, Eleni Quinlivan, Mark Theodoridou, Maria Kakourou, Talia Breuer, Judy TI ACTINIC VARICELLA VACCINE RASH SO PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE varicella; sunburn; actinic varicella; varicella vaccine; OKA strain ID HERPES-ZOSTER; CHILDREN; ADOLESCENTS; SAFETY; VIRUS AB The case of an 18-month-old girl with vesicular rash confined to a sunburned area after significant ultraviolet radiation exposure is reported. The child had been vaccinated 32 days before presentation, and a high viral load of Oka strain virus was detected in vesicular fluid. Possible pathogenesis is discussed. C1 [Papaevangelou, Vassiliki] Univ Athens, Dept Pediat 2, P&A Kyriakou Childrens Hosp, Athens 11527, Greece. [Theodoridou, Kalliopi; Papadogeorgaki, Eleni] Andreas Syggros Hosp, Dept Microbiol, Athens, Greece. [Quinlivan, Mark] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Theodoridou, Maria; Kakourou, Talia] Univ Athens, Dept Pediat 1, Aghia Sophia Childrens Hosp, Athens 11527, Greece. [Breuer, Judy] UCL, Dept Virol, London, England. RP Papaevangelou, V (reprint author), Univ Athens, Dept Pediat 2, P&A Kyriakou Childrens Hosp, Thivon & Livadias St, Athens 11527, Greece. EM vpapaev@med.uoa.gr FU UCL/UCLH combined Biomedical Research Centre FX Supported by UCL/UCLH combined Biomedical Research Centre (to J.B.). NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0891-3668 J9 PEDIATR INFECT DIS J JI Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 30 IS 12 BP 1116 EP 1118 DI 10.1097/INF.0b013e31822a841e PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics GA 853DJ UT WOS:000297406100029 PM 21768921 ER PT J AU Aral, SO AF Aral, Sevgi O. TI Utility and delivery of behavioural interventions to prevent sexually transmitted infections SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; HIV; METAANALYSIS; EFFICACY; IMPACT; SEX C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Div STD Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Aral, SO (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Div STD Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mailstop E-02, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM soa1@cdc.gov NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU B M J PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 1368-4973 J9 SEX TRANSM INFECT JI Sex. Transm. Infect. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 87 SU 2 BP I31 EP I33 DI 10.1136/sextrans-2011-050181 PG 3 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 852BQ UT WOS:000297320700011 PM 22110151 ER PT J AU Olsen, EO Hertz, MF Shults, RA Hamburger, ME Lowry, R AF Olsen, Emily O'Malley Hertz, Marci Feldman Shults, Ruth A. Hamburger, Merle E. Lowry, Richard TI Healthy People 2010 Objectives for Unintentional Injury and Violence Among Adolescents Trends from the National Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 1999-2009 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; SUICIDE-PREVENTION; HELMET LAWS; ALCOHOL-USE; INTERVENTIONS; CHILDHOOD; VICTIMIZATION; EXPERIENCES; REVIEWS AB Background: In 2000, the USDHHS released Healthy People 2010 (HP2010), a series of disease prevention and health promotion objectives for the nation. Thirty-nine of these objectives were dedicated to injury prevention and six of these objectives related to adolescents, who were tracked through CDC's National Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS). Purpose: This paper uses national YRBS data from 1999 to 2009 to analyze overall and subgroup trends and determine progress toward targets for the following HP2010 objectives: seatbelt use (HP2010 objective 15-19); motorcycle helmet use (15-21); riding with a driver who had been drinking alcohol (26-6); physical fighting (15-38); weapon carrying on school property (15-39); and suicide attempts requiring medical attention (18-2). Methods: The CDC conducted the national YRBS biennially from 1999 to 2009 and used similar three-stage cluster-sample designs to obtain representative samples of high school students in the U. S. This study was conducted in 2010 and used linear and quadratic time variables simultaneously in logistic regression models while controlling for gender, race/ethnicity, and grade to test for secular trends over time. Results: Only two objectives met their HP2010 targets: riding with a driver who had been drinking alcohol (26-6) and physical fighting (15-38). Progress was seen for four additional objectives and within some subgroups. Conclusions: Substantial policy and practice changes must occur if the recently released Healthy People 2020 targets are to be met. School-, community-, and state-level policies and programs may be effective tools to prevent injuries and victimizations. (Am J Prev Med 2011;41(6):551-558) Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of American Journal of Preventive Medicine C1 [Olsen, Emily O'Malley; Hertz, Marci Feldman; Lowry, Richard] CDC, Div Adolescent & Sch Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Shults, Ruth A.] CDC, Div Unintent Injury Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Hamburger, Merle E.] CDC, Div Violence Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Olsen, EO (reprint author), CDC, Div Adolescent & Sch Hlth, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,MS K-33, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM dgx1@cdc.gov NR 36 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 41 IS 6 BP 551 EP 558 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2011.08.011 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 849US UT WOS:000297151400001 PM 22099230 ER PT J AU Allison, MA Cohn, AC Stokley, S Crane, LA O'Leary, ST Hurley, LP Babbel, CI Dong, F Gahm, C Temte, JL Kempe, A AF Allison, Mandy A. Cohn, Amanda C. Stokley, Shannon Crane, Lori A. O'Leary, Sean T. Hurley, Laura P. Babbel, Christine I. Dong, Fran Gahm, Claire Temte, Jonathan L. Kempe, Allison TI Timing of Adolescent Meningococcal Conjugate Vaccination Attitudes and Practices of Pediatricians and Family Medicine Physicians SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID AGED 13-17 YEARS; UNITED-STATES; US PHYSICIANS; HEALTH-CARE; IMMUNIZATION; VACCINES; DISEASE; PREVENTION; RISK; COVERAGE AB Background: The meningococcal conjugate vaccine (MCV4) was recommended for those aged 11-18 years in 2005. Initial supply issues led to an emphasis on immunizing older adolescents. When supply improved in 2007, routine immunization was recommended for those aged 11-12 years. Purpose: Among a U. S. sample of pediatricians and family medicine physicians, describe (1) recommendation and administration practices forMCV4;(2) preferences regarding MCV4 administration; and (3) attitudes and characteristics associated with recommendation for those aged >12 years. Methods: A mail and Internet survey in a nationally representative sample of physicians was conducted between December 2009 and March 2010. Analysis was conducted between March 2010 and October 2010, including a multivariable analysis to examine factors associated with deferring MCV4 to ages >12 years. Results: Response rates were 88% (pediatricians 367/419) and 63% (family medicine physicians 268/423). In all, 95% of pediatricians and 73% of family medicine physicians reported administering MCV4 routinely to those aged 11-18 years (p<0.0001); 83% (pediatricians) and 45% (family medicine physicians) reported strongly recommending MCV4 for those aged 11-12 years (p<0.0001); 27% (pediatricians) and 40% (family medicine physicians) preferred to administer MCV4 to those aged >12 years (p<0.0001). Compared with those who strongly recommend for those aged 11-12 years, physicians who do not regularly stock MCV4, family medicine physicians, and physicians concerned about waning immunity were more likely to defer their recommendation, whereas physicians practicing in the Northeast and those with more Latino patients were less likely to defer. Conclusions: Most pediatricians and family medicine physicians administer MCV4, but many, especially family medicine physicians and those concerned about waning immunity, defer their recommendation for MCV4 to patients aged >12 years. (Am J Prev Med 2011;41(6):581-587) (C) 2011 American Journal of Preventive Medicine C1 [Allison, Mandy A.] Univ Utah, Dept Pediat, Salt Lake City, UT 84158 USA. [Cohn, Amanda C.] CDC, Div Bacterial Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Stokley, Shannon] CDC, Immunizat Serv Div, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Crane, Lori A.; Kempe, Allison] Univ Colorado Denver, Colorado Sch Publ Hlth, Denver, CO 80202 USA. [O'Leary, Sean T.; Kempe, Allison] Univ Colorado, Dept Pediat, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Dong, Fran; Kempe, Allison] Univ Colorado, Colorado Hlth Outcomes Program, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Crane, Lori A.; O'Leary, Sean T.; Hurley, Laura P.; Babbel, Christine I.; Dong, Fran; Gahm, Claire; Kempe, Allison] Childrens Hosp Colorado, Aurora, CO USA. [Hurley, Laura P.] Denver Hlth, Div Gen Internal Med, Denver, CO USA. [Temte, Jonathan L.] Univ Wisconsin, Advisory Comm Immunizat Practices, Sch Med & Publ Hlth, Madison, WI USA. [Temte, Jonathan L.] Univ Wisconsin, Sch Med & Publ Hlth, Dept Family Med, Madison, WI USA. RP Allison, MA (reprint author), Univ Utah, Dept Pediat, POB 581289, Salt Lake City, UT 84158 USA. EM mandy.allison@hsc.utah.edu FU CDC PEP through the Association of American Medical Colleges, Washington, DC [MM-1040-08/08] FX This investigation was funded by a grant from the CDC PEP (MM-1040-08/08) through the Association of American Medical Colleges, Washington, DC. We thank Lynn Olson, PhD, and Karen O'Connor from the Department of Research, AAP, Herbert Young, MD, and Bellinda Schoof, MHA, at the AAFP, and the leaders of the AAP and AAFP for collaborating in the establishment of the sentinel networks in pediatrics and family medicine. We thank all pediatricians and family medicine physicians in the networks for participating and responding to this survey. We also thank Michaela Brtnikova, PhD, for assistance with manuscript preparation. NR 38 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 41 IS 6 BP 581 EP 587 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2011.08.007 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 849US UT WOS:000297151400005 PM 22099234 ER PT J AU Robbins, CL Dietz, PM Bombard, JM Gibbs, F Ko, JY Valderrama, AL AF Robbins, Cheryl L. Dietz, Patricia M. Bombard, Jennifer M. Gibbs, Falicia Ko, Jean Y. Valderrama, Amy L. TI Blood Pressure and Cholesterol Screening Prevalence Among U. S. Women of Reproductive Age Opportunities to Improve Screening SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID PREVENTIVE SERVICES; YOUNG-ADULTS; RISK-FACTORS; HEALTH; DISEASE; DISPARITIES; RECALL AB Background: Blood pressure and cholesterol screening among women of reproductive age are important for early disease detection and intervention, and because hypertension and dyslipidemia are associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. Purpose: The objective of this study was to examine associations of sociodemographic characteristics, cardiovascular disease risk factors, and healthcare access indicators with blood pressure and cholesterol screening among women of reproductive age. Methods: In 2011, prevalence estimates for self-reported blood pressure screening within 2 years and cholesterol screening within 5 years and AORs for screenings were calculated for 4837 women aged 20-44 years, using weighted 2008 National Health Interview Survey data. Results: Overall, recommended blood pressure and cholesterol screening was received by 89.6% and 63.3% women, respectively. Those who were underinsured or uninsured had the lowest screening percentage at 76.6% for blood pressure (95% CI=73.4, 79.6) and 47.6% for cholesterol (95% CI=43.8, 51.5) screening. Suboptimal cholesterol screening prevalence was also found for women who smoke (54.5%, 95% CI=50.8, 58.2); obese women (69.8%, 95% CI=66.3, 73.0); and those with cardiovascular disease (70.3%, 95% CI=63.7, 76.1), prediabetes (73.3%, 95% CI=64.1, 80.8), or hypertension (81.4%, 95% CI=76.6, 85.4). Conclusions: Most women received blood pressure screening, but many did not receive cholesterol screening. Universal healthcare access may improve screening prevalence. (Am J Prev Med 2011;41(6):588-595) Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of American Journal of Preventive Medicine C1 [Robbins, Cheryl L.; Dietz, Patricia M.; Bombard, Jennifer M.; Gibbs, Falicia; Ko, Jean Y.] CDC, Off Workforce & Career Dev, Career Dev Div, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Valderrama, Amy L.] CDC, Off Workforce & Career Dev, Career Dev Div, Div Heart Dis & Stroke Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Ko, Jean Y.] CDC, Off Workforce & Career Dev, Career Dev Div, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot,Epidem I, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Robbins, CL (reprint author), CDC, Off Workforce & Career Dev, Career Dev Div, Div Reprod Hlth, 4770 Buford Highway NE,Mailstop K-22, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM ggf9@cdc.gov NR 35 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 41 IS 6 BP 588 EP 595 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2011.08.010 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 849US UT WOS:000297151400006 PM 22099235 ER PT J AU Foti, KE Eaton, DK Lowry, R McKnight-Ely, LR AF Foti, Kathryn E. Eaton, Danice K. Lowry, Richard McKnight-Ely, Lela R. TI Sufficient Sleep, Physical Activity, and Sedentary Behaviors SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID ADOLESCENT HEALTH; COMPUTER GAME; PATTERNS; CHILDREN; EXERCISE; INSUFFICIENT; ASSOCIATION; CONSUMPTION; PREVALENCE; INTENSITY AB Background: Insufficient sleep among adolescents is common and has adverse health and behavior consequences. Understanding associations of physical activity and sedentary behaviors with sleep duration could shed light on ways to promote sufficient sleep. Purpose: The purpose of this study is to determine whether physical activity and sedentary behaviors are associated with sufficient sleep (8 or more hours of sleep on an average school night) among U. S. high school students. Methods: Data were from the 2009 national Youth Risk Behavior Survey and are representative of 9th-12th-grade students nationally (n=14,782). Associations of physical activity and sedentary behaviors with sufficient sleep were determined using logistic regression models controlling for confounders. Data were analyzed in October 2010. Results: Students who engaged in >= 60 minutes of physical activity daily during the 7 days before the survey had higher odds of sufficient sleep than those who did not engage in >= 60 minutes on any day. There was no association between the number of days students were vigorously active >= 20 minutes and sufficient sleep. Compared to their respective referent groups of 0 hours on an average school day, students who watched TV >= 4 hours/day had higher odds of sufficient sleep and students who played video or computer games or used a computer for something that was not school work >2 hours/day had lower odds of sufficient sleep. Conclusions: Daily physical activity for >= 60 minutes and limited computer use are associated with sufficient sleep among adolescents. (Am J Prev Med 2011;41(6):596-602) Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of American Journal of Preventive Medicine C1 [Foti, Kathryn E.; Eaton, Danice K.; Lowry, Richard] CDC, Div Adolescent & Sch Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [McKnight-Ely, Lela R.] CDC, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Foti, KE (reprint author), CDC, Div Adolescent & Sch Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS D-14, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM htk7@cdc.gov NR 38 TC 34 Z9 38 U1 3 U2 28 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 41 IS 6 BP 596 EP 602 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2011.08.009 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 849US UT WOS:000297151400007 PM 22099236 ER PT J AU Lu, PJ Callahan, DB Ding, H Euler, GL AF Lu, Peng-jun Callahan, David B. Ding, Helen Euler, Gary L. TI Influenza A (H1N1) 2009 Monovalent Vaccination Among Adults with Asthma, US, 2010 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; COVERAGE; SURVEILLANCE AB Background: The 2009 pandemic influenza A (H1N1) virus (2009 H1N1) was first identified in April 2009 and quickly spread around the world. The first doses of influenza A (H1N1) 2009 monovalent vaccine (2009 H1N1 vaccine) became available in the U. S. in early October 2009. Because people with asthma are at increased risk of complications from influenza, people with asthma were included among the initial prioritized groups. Purpose: To evaluate 2009 H1N1 vaccination coverage and identify factors independently associated with vaccination among adults with asthma in the U. S. Methods: Data from the 2009-2010 BRFSS (Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System) influenza supplemental survey were used; responses from March through June 2010 were analyzed to estimate vaccination levels of 2009 H1N1 vaccine among respondents aged 25-64 years with asthma. Multivariable logistic regression and predictive marginal models were performed to identify factors independently associated with vaccination. Results: Among adults aged 25-64 years with asthma, 25.5% (95% CI=23.9%, 27.2%) received the 2009 H1N1 vaccination. Vaccination coverage ranged from 9.9% (95% CI=6.4%, 15.1%) in Mississippi to 46.1% (95% CI=33.3%, 61.2%) in Maine. Characteristics independently associated with an increased likelihood of vaccination among adults with asthma were as follows: had a primary doctor, had other high-risk conditions, and received seasonal influenza vaccination in the 2009-2010 season. Conclusions: Vaccination coverage among adults aged 25-64 years with asthma was only 25.5% and varied widely by state and demographic characteristics. National and state-specific 2009 H1N1 vaccination coverage data for adults with asthma are useful for evaluating the vaccination campaign and for planning and implementing strategies for increasing vaccination coverage in possible future pandemics. (Am J Prev Med 2011;41(6):619-626) Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of American Journal of Preventive Medicine C1 [Lu, Peng-jun; Ding, Helen; Euler, Gary L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Immunizat Serv Div, CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Callahan, David B.] CDC, Div Environm Hazards & Hlth Effects, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Lu, PJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Immunizat Serv Div, CDC, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mail Stop E-62, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM lhp8@cdc.gov NR 25 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 41 IS 6 BP 619 EP 626 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2011.08.004 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 849US UT WOS:000297151400011 PM 22099240 ER PT J AU Brown, DS Fang, XM Florence, CS AF Brown, Derek S. Fang, Xiangming Florence, Curtis S. TI Medical Costs Attributable to Child Maltreatment A Systematic Review of Short- and Long-Term Effects SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Review ID HEALTH-CARE UTILIZATION; PHYSICAL ABUSE; SEXUAL ABUSE; ALLOSTATIC LOAD; WELFARE SYSTEM; CONSEQUENCES; INJURIES; VIOLENCE; NEGLECT; ADULTS AB Context: Child maltreatment is a serious and prevalent public health problem, which has been shown to be associated with numerous short- and long-term effects on mental and physical health. Few estimates of the medical costs of these effects have been published to date. To determine the range and quality of currently available estimates and identify the gaps and needs for future research, this article reviews research on medical costs of child maltreatment. Evidence acquisition: Peer-reviewed literature on child maltreatment and medical costs was identified by searching major databases. Twelve articles on the medical costs of child maltreatment were identified. Evidence synthesis: Eight studies describe short-term costs among children; four describe adult, long-term costs. Most studies used convenience samples, captured a partial share of the total costs, and did not follow best practices for econometric analysis of medical costs. Conclusions: Child maltreatment is associated with substantial medical costs in childhood and adulthood, but estimates vary widely because of differences in research designs, types of cost data, and study quality. Econometric estimates of the annual medical costs in adulthood range from zero to about $800. Per-episode estimates of child costs, based on mean comparisons, range from $0 to >$24,000. (Am J Prev Med 2011;41(6):627-635) (C) 2011 American Journal of Preventive Medicine C1 [Brown, Derek S.] RTI Int, Publ Hlth Econ Program, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Fang, Xiangming; Florence, Curtis S.] CDC, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Brown, DS (reprint author), RTI Int, Publ Hlth Econ Program, 3040 Cornwallis Rd,POB 12194, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM DSBrown@rti.org RI Brown, Derek/J-3035-2013; Fang, Xiangming/O-1653-2014 OI Brown, Derek/0000-0001-9908-9882; Fang, Xiangming/0000-0001-9922-8977 FU CDC [200-2008-M-28149]; Research Triangle Institute FX This study was supported by the CDC under contract no. 200-2008-M-28149 with RTI International (a trade name of Research Triangle Institute). The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official positions of the CDC. NR 45 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 19 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 EI 1873-2607 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 41 IS 6 BP 627 EP 635 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2011.08.013 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 849US UT WOS:000297151400012 PM 22099241 ER PT J AU Lee, LM Thacker, SB AF Lee, Lisa M. Thacker, Stephen B. TI Public Health Surveillance and Knowing About Health in the Context of Growing Sources of Health Data SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Review ID UNITED-STATES AB The past decade has brought substantial changes in how data related to a community's health are collected, stored, and used to inform decisions about health interventions. Despite these changes, the purpose of public health surveillance has remained constant for more than a century. Public health surveillance is the ongoing, systematic collection, analysis, and interpretation of health-related data with the a priori purpose of preventing or controlling disease or injury, or of identifying unusual events of public health importance, followed by the dissemination and use of information for public health action. Surveillance is an important and necessary contributor to knowledge of a community's health. The public health system is responsible for ensuring that public health surveillance is conducted with appropriate practices and safeguards in order to maintain the public's trust. (Am J Prev Med 2011;41(6):636-640) Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of American Journal of Preventive Medicine C1 [Lee, Lisa M.; Thacker, Stephen B.] CDC, Off Surveillance Epidemiol & Lab Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Lee, LM (reprint author), CDC, Off Surveillance Epidemiol & Lab Serv, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS E-94, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM LMLee@cdc.gov NR 28 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 41 IS 6 BP 636 EP 640 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2011.08.015 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 849US UT WOS:000297151400013 PM 22099242 ER PT J AU Baker, JR Riske, B Voutsis, M Cutter, S Presley, R AF Baker, Judith R. Riske, Brenda Voutsis, Mariam Cutter, Susan Presley, Rodney TI Insurance, Home Therapy, and Prophylaxis in US Youth with Severe Hemophilia SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID HEALTH-CARE NEEDS; GROUP-STUDY HUGS; FACTOR-VIII; RESOURCE UTILIZATION; COST-EFFECTIVENESS; GENETIC-DISORDERS; UNITED-STATES; CHILDREN; ACCESS; PREVALENCE AB Background: Home infusion therapy, particularly on a prophylactic regimen, is linked with reduced morbidity among youth with severe hemophilia. However, the association of insurance coverage with these home therapies is unknown. Purpose: This study explores the connections among insurance, home infusion therapy, and prophylaxis treatment in a nationwide cohort of 3380 boys and young men (aged 2 to 20 years) with severe hemophilia. These youth obtained care at one of 129 federally supported hemophilia treatment centers (HTCs), and enrolled in the CDC's bleeding disorder surveillance project. Methods: Multiple regression was used to analyze the independent association among risk factors, including insurance, and both home infusion and prophylaxis. Data were obtained between January 1, 2008, and December 31, 2010, and analyzed in 2011. Results: Ninety percent used home therapy and 78% a prophylaxis regimen. Only 2% were uninsured. Health insurance was significantly associated with prophylaxis, but not with home therapy. Lower prophylaxis utilization rates were independently associated with having Medicaid, "other," and no insurance as compared to having private insurance. Race, age, inhibitor status, and HTC utilization were also independently associated with both home therapy and prophylaxis. Conclusions: Youth with severe hemophilia who annually obtain care within the U. S. HTC network had a high level of health insurance, home therapy, and prophylaxis. Exploration of factors associated with insurance coverage and yearly HTC utilization, and interventions to optimize home infusion and prophylaxis among youth of African-American and "other" race/ethnic backgrounds are warranted. (Am J Prev Med 2011;41(6S4):S338-S345) (C) 2011 American Journal of Preventive Medicine C1 [Baker, Judith R.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Pediat Hematol Oncol, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Riske, Brenda] Univ Colorado, Mt States Reg Hemophilia Ctr, Denver, CO 80202 USA. [Voutsis, Mariam] Mt Sinai Sch Med, New York, NY USA. [Cutter, Susan] Hosp Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Presley, Rodney] CDC, Div Blood Disorders, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Baker, JR (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Pediat Hematol Oncol, 10833 Le Conte Blvd,A2-410, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. EM judithbaker@mednet.ucla.edu FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention through Association for Prevention Teaching and Research [09-NCBDDD-01] FX Publication of this article was supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention through a Cooperative Agreement with the Association for Prevention Teaching and Research award # 09-NCBDDD-01. NR 60 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 41 IS 6 SU 4 BP S338 EP S345 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2011.09.002 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 850QJ UT WOS:000297211600004 PM 22099356 ER PT J AU Beckman, MG Grosse, SD Kenney, KM Grant, AM Atrash, HK AF Beckman, Michele G. Grosse, Scott D. Kenney, Kristy M. Grant, Althea M. Atrash, Hani K. TI Developing Public Health Surveillance for Deep Vein Thrombosis and Pulmonary Embolism SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID VENOUS THROMBOEMBOLISM; UNITED-STATES; EPIDEMIOLOGY; POPULATION AB Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE), collectively known as venous thromboembolism (VTE), are an important and growing public health issue, associated with considerable morbidity and mortality. Presently, there is no national surveillance for DVT and PE. This article provides a summary of an expert workgroup meeting convened January 12, 2010, by the CDC. The purpose of the meeting was to inform CDC on the development of U.S. population-based public health surveillance activities for DVT/PE. Topics discussed included: (1) stakeholders, needs, gaps, and target populations; (2) requirements of surveillance systems; (3) challenges, limitations, and potential barriers to implementation of surveillance activities; and (4) integration of research and education with surveillance activities. (Am J Prev Med 2011;41(6S4):S428-S434) Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of American Journal of Preventive Medicine C1 [Beckman, Michele G.] CDC, Div Blood Disorders, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Beckman, MG (reprint author), CDC, Div Blood Disorders, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS-E64, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM mbeckman@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention through Association for Prevention Teaching and Research [09-NCBDDD-01] FX Publication of this article was supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention through a Cooperative Agreement with the Association for Prevention Teaching and Research award # 09-NCBDDD-01. NR 12 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 3 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 41 IS 6 SU 4 BP S428 EP S434 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2011.09.011 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 850QJ UT WOS:000297211600017 PM 22099369 ER PT J AU Grant, AM Parker, CS Jordan, LB Hulihan, MM Creary, MS Lloyd-Puryear, MA Goldsmith, JC Atrash, HK AF Grant, Althea M. Parker, Christopher S. Jordan, Lanetta B. Hulihan, Mary M. Creary, Melissa S. Lloyd-Puryear, Michele A. Goldsmith, Jonathan C. Atrash, Hani K. TI Public Health Implications of Sickle Cell Trait A Report of the CDC Meeting SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID SUDDEN-DEATH AB Although the issue of whether sickle cell trait (SCT) is clinically benign or a significant health concern has not yet been resolved, the potential health risk to affected individuals is of vital importance and represents a tremendous challenge in protecting, promoting, and improving the health of the approximately 300 million people worldwide and 3 million people in the U.S. who possess the trait. In response to a request by the Sickle Cell Disease Association of America, in December 2009, the CDC convened a meeting of partners, stakeholders, and experts to identify the gaps in public health, clinical health services, epidemiologic research, and community-based outreach strategies and to develop an agenda for future initiatives. Through facilitated discussion and presentations in four topic areas, participants discussed pertinent issues, synthesized clinical research findings, and developed a coherent framework for establishing an agenda for future initiatives. A primary outcome of the meeting was to provide the first step of an iterative process to move toward agreement regarding appropriate counseling, care, and, potentially, treatment of people with SCT. (Am J Prev Med 2011;41(6S4):S435-S439) Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of American Journal of Preventive Medicine C1 [Grant, Althea M.] CDC, Epidemiol & Surveillance Branch, Div Blood Disorders, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Jordan, Lanetta B.] Mem Healthcare Syst, Dept Sickle Cell Serv, Hollywood, FL USA. [Jordan, Lanetta B.] Sickle Cell Dis Assoc Amer, Baltimore, MD USA. [Lloyd-Puryear, Michele A.] NHLBI, Off Rare Dis Res, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Goldsmith, Jonathan C.] NHLBI, Div Blood Dis & Resources, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Grant, AM (reprint author), CDC, Epidemiol & Surveillance Branch, Div Blood Disorders, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS-E64, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM agrant@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention through Association for Prevention Teaching and Research [09-NCBDDD-01] FX Publication of this article was supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention through a Cooperative Agreement with the Association for Prevention Teaching and Research award # 09-NCBDDD-01. NR 10 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 41 IS 6 SU 4 BP S435 EP S439 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2011.09.012 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 850QJ UT WOS:000297211600018 PM 22099370 ER PT J AU Grosse, SD Odame, I Atrash, HK Amendah, DD Piel, FB Williams, TN AF Grosse, Scott D. Odame, Isaac Atrash, Hani K. Amendah, Djesika D. Piel, Frederic B. Williams, Thomas N. TI Sickle Cell Disease in Africa A Neglected Cause of Early Childhood Mortality SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID INHERITED HEMOGLOBIN DISORDERS; PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM MALARIA; GLUCOSE-6-PHOSPHATE-DEHYDROGENASE DEFICIENCY; ABNORMAL-HEMOGLOBINS; SUDAN SAVANNA; CHILDREN; ANEMIA; SURVIVAL; POPULATION; MORBIDITY AB Sickle cell disease (SCD) is common throughout much of sub-Saharan Africa, affecting up to 3% of births in some parts of the continent. Nevertheless, it remains a low priority for many health ministries. The most common form of SCD is caused by homozygosity for the beta-globin S gene mutation (SS disease). It is widely believed that this condition is associated with very high child mortality, but reliable contemporary data are lacking. We have reviewed available African data on mortality associated with SS disease from published and unpublished sources, with an emphasis on two types of studies: cross-sectional population surveys and cohort studies. We have concluded that, although current data are inadequate to support definitive statements, they are consistent with an early-life mortality of 50%-90% among children born in Africa with SS disease. Inclusion of SCD interventions in child survival policies and programs in Africa could benefit from more precise estimates of numbers of deaths among children with SCD. A simple, representative, and affordable approach to estimate SCD child mortality is to test blood specimens already collected through large population surveys targeting conditions such as HIV, malaria, and malnutrition, and covering children of varying ages. Thus, although there is enough evidence to justify investments in screening, prophylaxis, and treatment for African children with SCD, better data are needed to estimate the numbers of child deaths preventable by such interventions and their cost effectiveness. (Am J Prev Med 2011;41(6S4):S398-S405) (C) 2011 American Journal of Preventive Medicine C1 [Grosse, Scott D.; Atrash, Hani K.] CDC, Div Blood Disorders, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Odame, Isaac] Hosp Sick Children, Div Haematol Oncol, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada. Univ Toronto, Dept Pediat, Fac Med, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Amendah, Djesika D.] African Populat & Hlth Res Ctr, Nairobi, Kenya. [Williams, Thomas N.] KEMRI Ctr Geog Med Res, Kilifi, Kenya. [Williams, Thomas N.] INDEPTH Network Demog Surveillance Sites, Accra, Ghana. [Piel, Frederic B.] Univ Oxford, Dept Zool, Spatial Ecol & Epidemiol Grp, Oxford OX1 3PS, England. [Williams, Thomas N.] Univ Oxford, Dept Pediat, Oxford, England. [Williams, Thomas N.] Univ Oxford, Nuffield Dept Med, Oxford, England. RP Grosse, SD (reprint author), CDC, Div Blood Disorders, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mail Stop E-64, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM sgrosse@cdc.gov OI Piel, Frederic B./0000-0001-8131-7728 FU Wellcome Trust, United Kingdom (U.K.) [076934, 085406]; European Union through the EviMalR Network of Excellence; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention through Association for Prevention Teaching and Research [09-NCBDDD-01] FX The authors thank Kwaku Ohene-Frempong, Sharon Cox, Krista Crider, Jodi Jackson, and colleagues at the Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI)/Wellcome Trust Programme in East Africa for helpful comments on earlier drafts of this paper. TNW is supported by the Wellcome Trust, United Kingdom (U.K.) (grant no 076934) and by the European Union through the EviMalR Network of Excellence. FBP is supported by a Biomedical Resources Grant (grant no 085406) from the Wellcome Trust, U.K.; Publication of this article was supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention through a Cooperative Agreement with the Association for Prevention Teaching and Research award # 09-NCBDDD-01. NR 58 TC 74 Z9 73 U1 4 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 41 IS 6 SU 4 BP S398 EP S405 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2011.09.013 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 850QJ UT WOS:000297211600012 PM 22099364 ER PT J AU Grosse, SD James, AH Lloyd-Puryear, MA Atrash, HK AF Grosse, Scott D. James, Andra H. Lloyd-Puryear, Michele A. Atrash, Hani K. TI A Public Health Framework for Rare Blood Disorders SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material ID SICKLE-CELL-DISEASE; DEEP-VEIN THROMBOSIS; PULMONARY-EMBOLISM; BLEEDING DISORDERS; IRON-OVERLOAD; UNITED-STATES; HEMOPHILIA; US; SURVEILLANCE; POPULATION C1 [Grosse, Scott D.; Atrash, Hani K.] CDC, Div Blood Disorders, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [James, Andra H.] Duke Univ, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Durham, NC USA. [Lloyd-Puryear, Michele A.] NIH, Offices Rare Dis Res, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Grosse, SD (reprint author), CDC, Div Blood Disorders, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mail Stop E-64, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM sgrosse@cdc.gov NR 37 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 41 IS 6 SU 4 BP S319 EP S323 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2011.09.010 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 850QJ UT WOS:000297211600001 PM 22099353 ER PT J AU Hulihan, MM Sayers, CA Grosse, SD Garrison, C Grant, AM AF Hulihan, Mary M. Sayers, Cindy A. Grosse, Scott D. Garrison, Cheryl Grant, Althea M. TI Iron Overload What Is the Role of Public Health? SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID AUTOSOMAL-DOMINANT HEMOCHROMATOSIS; PERIPHERAL ARTERIAL-DISEASE; HEREDITARY HEMOCHROMATOSIS; JUVENILE HEMOCHROMATOSIS; C282Y HOMOZYGOTES; HFE GENE; POPULATION; MUTATION; FERRITIN; MORBIDITY AB Hereditary hemochromatosis type 1, also known as hereditary hemochromatosis classical (HHC), is an iron overload disorder associated, in most cases, with mutations of the hemochromatosis (HFE) gene. Although suggested algorithms for diagnosing iron overload are available, there are still questions about options for genetic and biochemical screening for hemochromatosis and duration of treatment. This article provides a summary of an expert workgroup meeting convened on September 24-25, 2009, entitled "Iron Overload: What is the Role of Public Health?" The purpose of the meeting was to enable subject matter experts to share their most recent clinical and scientific iron overload information and to facilitate the discussion of future endeavors, with special emphasis on the role of public health in this field. The two main topics were the research priorities of the field, including clinical, genetic, and public health issues, and the concerns about the validity of current screening recommendations for the condition. (Am J Prev Med 2011;41(6S4):S422-S427) Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of American Journal of Preventive Medicine C1 [Hulihan, Mary M.; Sayers, Cindy A.; Grosse, Scott D.; Grant, Althea M.] CDC, Div Blood Disorders, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Garrison, Cheryl] Iron Disorders Inst, Greenville, SC USA. RP Hulihan, MM (reprint author), CDC, Div Blood Disorders, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, 1600 Clifton Rd,NE MS-E64, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM mhulihan@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention through Association for Prevention Teaching and Research [09-NCBDDD-01] FX Publication of this article was supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention through a Cooperative Agreement with the Association for Prevention Teaching and Research award # 09-NCBDDD-01. NR 42 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 41 IS 6 SU 4 BP S422 EP S427 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2011.09.020 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 850QJ UT WOS:000297211600016 PM 22099368 ER PT J AU Jordan, LB Smith-Whitley, K Treadwell, MJ Telfair, J Grant, AM Ohene-Frempong, K AF Jordan, Lanetta B. Smith-Whitley, Kim Treadwell, Marsha J. Telfair, Joseph Grant, Althea M. Ohene-Frempong, Kwaku TI Screening US College Athletes for Their Sickle Cell Disease Carrier Status SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID PEDIATRIC RESIDENTS; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; BENIGN CONDITION; TRAIT; HEMOGLOBIN; POLYMERIZATION; COMMUNICATION; COUNTERPOINT AB There are many issues surrounding the screening of collegiate athletes for their sickle cell disease carrier status (or sickle cell trait), a genetic condition. This paper summarizes the establishment of expert advice given to the Secretary's Advisory Committee on Heritable Disorders in Newborns and Children (SACHDNC) on the issue. The SACHDNC has developed a report to advise the Secretary of the USDHHS about the 2010 rule of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) requiring testing for sickle cell trait in all incoming Division I student athletes. The SACHDNC does not support the NCAA's rule to screen collegiate athletes for sickle cell trait. (Am J Prev Med 2011;41(6S4):S406-S412) (C) 2011 American Journal of Preventive Medicine C1 [Jordan, Lanetta B.] Sickle Cell Dis Assoc Amer, Baltimore, MD USA. [Jordan, Lanetta B.] Mem Healthcare Syst, Dept Sickle Cell Serv, Hollywood, FL 33021 USA. [Smith-Whitley, Kim; Ohene-Frempong, Kwaku] Childrens Hosp Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Treadwell, Marsha J.] Childrens Hosp & Res Ctr Oakland, Oakland, CA USA. [Telfair, Joseph] Univ N Carolina, Dept Publ Hlth Educ, Greensboro, NC 27412 USA. [Grant, Althea M.] CDC, Div Blood Disorders, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Ohene-Frempong, Kwaku] USDHHS Adm, Secretarys Advisory Comm Heritable Disorders Newb, Washington, DC USA. RP Jordan, LB (reprint author), Mem Healthcare Syst, Dept Sickle Cell Serv, 3501 Johnson St, Hollywood, FL 33021 USA. EM ljordan@mhs.net FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention through Association for Prevention Teaching and Research [09-NCBDDD-01] FX Publication of this article was supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention through a Cooperative Agreement with the Association for Prevention Teaching and Research award # 09-NCBDDD-01. NR 36 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 41 IS 6 SU 4 BP S406 EP S412 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2011.09.014 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 850QJ UT WOS:000297211600013 PM 22099365 ER PT J AU Monahan, PE Baker, JR Riske, B Soucie, JM AF Monahan, Paul E. Baker, Judith R. Riske, Brenda Soucie, J. Michael TI Physical Functioning in Boys with Hemophilia in the US SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID HEALTH-CARE NEEDS; SPECIALTY CARE; JOINT DISEASE; FACTOR-VIII; CHILDREN; DISORDERS; INSURANCE; ACCESS; SYSTEM; PROPHYLAXIS AB Background: Hemophilia is the most common inherited severe bleeding disorder. Although the most frequent complication of repeated hemorrhages is a crippling joint disease that begins in childhood, the extent of resultant joint functional impairment varies widely within the hemophilia population. Purpose: The goal of this exploratory analysis was to examine a national database that collects information on boys with hemophilia, an X-linked severe congenital bleeding disorder, to determine characteristics associated with increased risk of developing limitations in physical functioning as an outcome of recurrent hemorrhages. Methods: A standard set of data is collected annually at similar to 130 U.S. comprehensive hemophilia treatment centers (HTCs) in a voluntary surveillance program called the Universal Data Collection (UDC) program. Fifteen potential predictors for poor outcomes of physical functioning related to bleeding were examined for boys (aged <= 18 years) from 1998 to 2008. Bivariate and multivariate analyses of these predictors performed in 2009 examined associations with self-reported limitation of activities, absenteeism from work or school, and reliance on assistive devices for ambulation and mobility. Results: Multiple characteristics of underlying hemophilia severity and disease chronicity (in particular, increasing age, presence of joint bleeding, and inhibitor antibodies) were independently associated with increased risk of limitations of physical function. Nonwhite race/ethnicity was associated with each of the poorer functional outcomes in bivariate analyses. After controlling for the potential confounding effects of the multiple population characteristics on race, only African-American race was independently associated with activity restrictions, and African-American and Asian/Pacific Island ethnicity with absenteeism. With the exception of indicators of underlying disease severity, only obesity and medical insurance coverage with Medicaid rather than commercial insurance were independently associated with multiple poor outcomes. Conclusions: Interventions focused on eliminating inhibitors, improving outcomes for African-American children with hemophilia, and maintaining healthy body weight are warranted. In addition, strategies are needed to assure adequate insurance coverage for all people with hemophilia to eliminate economic barriers to optimal functional outcomes. (Am J Prev Med 2011;41(6S4):S360-S368) (C) 2011 American Journal of Preventive Medicine C1 [Monahan, Paul E.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Pediat, Harold R Roberts Comprehens Hemophilia Diagnost &, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Baker, Judith R.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Pediat, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. [Riske, Brenda] Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Mt States Reg Hemophilia Ctr, Denver, CO USA. [Soucie, J. Michael] CDC, Div Blood Disorders, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Monahan, PE (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Dept Pediat, Harold R Roberts Comprehens Hemophilia Diagnost &, CB 7016,3rd Floor Phys Off Bldg,170 Manning Dr, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. EM Paul_Monahan@med.unc.edu FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention through Association for Prevention Teaching and Research [09-NCBDDD-01] FX Publication of this article was supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention through a Cooperative Agreement with the Association for Prevention Teaching and Research award # 09-NCBDDD-01. NR 32 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 41 IS 6 SU 4 BP S360 EP S368 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2011.09.017 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 850QJ UT WOS:000297211600007 PM 22099359 ER PT J AU Shapiro, AD Soucie, JM Peyvandi, F Aschman, DJ DiMichele, DM AF Shapiro, Amy D. Soucie, J. Michael Peyvandi, Flora Aschman, Diane J. DiMichele, Donna M. CA UDC Rare Bleeding Clotting Disorde European Network Rare Bleeding Dis TI Knowledge and Therapeutic Gaps A Public Health Problem in the Rare Coagulation Disorders Population SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID ACTIVATED PROTEIN-C; FACTOR-V; BLEEDING DISORDERS; IRANIAN PATIENTS; DISEASES; DEFICIENCY; SYMPTOMS; FIBRINOGEN; FUTURE; SEPSIS AB Rare coagulation disorders (RCDs) present a considerable and multifaceted public health risk. Although inherited RCDs affect a minor segment of any local healthcare delivery system, their global impact is major and highlight the challenges of delivering healthcare services to any rare disease population. These include but are not limited to: (1) a general lack of knowledge about and familiarity with the genetic and clinical implications of the disorder among affected patients, and both urgent and specialty care providers; (2) the potential for preventable morbidity and mortality related to delayed diagnosis and treatment; (3) the lack of safe and effective therapies; and (4) minimal research activity to establish and improve standards of care. A multiagency national partnership has established an approach to address these problems through development of a clinical, genetic, and treatment-related web-based data-collection tool that will: (1) generate a reliable, sufficient knowledge base for these disorders; (2) facilitate new product licensure through subject identification and access to comparative historical treatment data; and (3) serve as an effective tool for outcomes research and post-licensure product surveillance. To maximize impact, this database is being harmonized with a European data-collection effort. Database development and harmonization is in progress. A resource library was completed and disseminated to major national and international bleeding disorder websites to provide state-of-the-art patient and provider education on each RCD. We believe that this model is effective and adaptable to other rare conditions. (Am J Prev Med 2011;41(6S4):S324-S331) (C) 2011 American Journal of Preventive Medicine C1 [Shapiro, Amy D.] Indiana Hemophilia & Thrombosis Ctr, Indianapolis, IN 46260 USA. [Soucie, J. Michael] CDC, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Aschman, Diane J.] Amer Thrombosis & Hemostasis Network, Chicago, IL USA. [DiMichele, Donna M.] NHLBI, Div Blood Dis & Resources, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Peyvandi, Flora] Univ Milan, Milan, Italy. [Peyvandi, Flora] Osped Maggiore Policlin, Milan, Italy. [Peyvandi, Flora] Fdn IRCCS Ca Granda, Milan, Italy. [DiMichele, Donna M.] Weill Cornell Med Coll, New York, NY USA. RP Shapiro, AD (reprint author), Indiana Hemophilia & Thrombosis Ctr, 8402 Harcourt Rd,Suite 500, Indianapolis, IN 46260 USA. EM ashapiro@ihtc.org OI Peyvandi, Flora/0000-0001-7423-9864 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention through Association for Prevention Teaching and Research [09-NCBDDD-01] FX Publication of this article was supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention through a Cooperative Agreement with the Association for Prevention Teaching and Research award # 09-NCBDDD-01. NR 37 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 41 IS 6 SU 4 BP S324 EP S331 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2011.09.021 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 850QJ UT WOS:000297211600002 PM 22099354 ER PT J AU Swanson, ME Grosse, SD Kulkarni, R AF Swanson, Mark E. Grosse, Scott D. Kulkarni, Roshni TI Disability Among Individuals with Sickle Cell Disease Literature Review from a Public Health Perspective SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Review ID QUALITY-OF-LIFE; SENSORINEURAL HEARING-LOSS; SILENT CEREBRAL INFARCTS; YOUNG-PEOPLE; RISK-FACTORS; CARE USE; CHILDREN; ADULTS; ANEMIA; SCHOOL AB Context: Young people with blood disorders face challenges in maintaining their physical health as they age. Sickle cell disease has well-documented complications in various organ systems. Increasingly, professionals, consumers, and advocates involved in blood disorders are concerned about the cumulative and ongoing effect of organ-specific complications on function and participation. Evidence acquisition: Publications were identified that looked at the relationship between sickle cell disease and associated impairments and restrictions in participation as defined by the International Classification of Function, Disability, and Health (ICF). Evidence synthesis: This article organizes a literature review in PubMed using ICF terms that define functional limitations and participation restrictions in sickle cell disease. Conclusions: Individuals with sickle cell disease experience complications in multiple organ systems that affect related functions and, consequently, participation in community living. The effects begin early in childhood and accumulate across the life course into adulthood. Intervention research is needed to understand how contextual factors can promote optimal function and participation in the face of mounting impairments. (Am J Prev Med 2011;41(6S4):S390-S397) (C) 2011 Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of American Journal of Preventive Medicine C1 [Swanson, Mark E.] CDC, Div Human Dev & Disabil, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Grosse, Scott D.] CDC, Div Blood Disorders, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Kulkarni, Roshni] Michigan State Univ, Dept Pediat & Human Dev, Coll Human Med, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Swanson, ME (reprint author), CDC, Div Human Dev & Disabil, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS E-87, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM meswanson@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention through Association for Prevention Teaching and Research [09-NCBDDD-01] FX Publication of this article was supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention through a Cooperative Agreement with the Association for Prevention Teaching and Research award # 09-NCBDDD-01. NR 60 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 41 IS 6 SU 4 BP S390 EP S397 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2011.09.006 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 850QJ UT WOS:000297211600011 PM 22099363 ER PT J AU Yusuf, HR Lloyd-Puryear, MA Grant, AM Parker, CS Creary, MS Atrash, HK AF Yusuf, Hussain R. Lloyd-Puryear, Michele A. Grant, Althea M. Parker, Christopher S. Creary, Melissa S. Atrash, Hani K. TI Sickle Cell Disease The Need for a Public Health Agenda SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID NEWBORN SCREENING-PROGRAMS; UNITED-STATES; PENICILLIN PROPHYLAXIS; PNEUMOCOCCAL SEPTICEMIA; GENETIC DISCRIMINATION; HEMOGLOBIN DISORDERS; CARE UTILIZATION; ORAL PENICILLIN; 1ST DECADE; CHILDREN AB Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a collection of inherited blood disorders that affect a substantial number of people in the U.S., particularly African Americans. People with SCD have an abnormal type of hemoglobin, Hb S, which polymerizes when deoxygenated, causing the red blood cells to become misshapen and rigid. Individuals with SCD are at higher risk of morbidity and mortality from infections, vaso-occlusive pain crises, acute chest syndrome, and other complications. Addressing the public health needs related to SCD is an important step toward improving outcomes and maintaining health for those affected by the disorder. The objective of this study was to review public health activities focusing on SCD and define the need to address it more comprehensively from a public health perspective. We found that there has been some progress in the development of SCD-related public health activities. Such activities include establishing newborn screening (NBS) for SCD with all states currently having universal NBS programs. However, additional areas needing focus include strengthening surveillance and monitoring of disease occurrence and health outcomes, enhancing adherence to health maintenance guidelines, increasing knowledge and awareness among those affected, and improving healthcare access and utilization. These and other activities discussed in this paper can help strengthen public health efforts to address SCD. (Am J Prev Med 2011;41(6S4):S376-S383) Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of American Journal of Preventive Medicine C1 [Yusuf, Hussain R.; Grant, Althea M.; Parker, Christopher S.; Creary, Melissa S.; Atrash, Hani K.] CDC, Div Blood Disorders, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Lloyd-Puryear, Michele A.] Maternal & Child Hlth Bur, Genet Serv Branch, Div Serv Children Special Hlth Needs, USDHHS Adm, Rockville, MD USA. RP Yusuf, HR (reprint author), CDC, Div Blood Disorders, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS-E64, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM hyusuf@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention through Association for Prevention Teaching and Research [09-NCBDDD-01] FX Publication of this article was supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention through a Cooperative Agreement with the Association for Prevention Teaching and Research award # 09-NCBDDD-01. NR 76 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 41 IS 6 SU 4 BP S376 EP S383 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2011.09.007 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 850QJ UT WOS:000297211600009 PM 22099361 ER PT J AU Balcazar, H Rosenthal, EL Brownstein, JN Rush, CH Matos, S Hernandez, L AF Balcazar, Hector Rosenthal, E. Lee Brownstein, J. Nell Rush, Carl H. Matos, Sergio Hernandez, Lorenza TI Community Health Workers Can Be a Public Health Force for Change in the United States: Three Actions for a New Paradigm SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Editorial Material ID PREVENTION; CARE C1 [Balcazar, Hector] Univ Texas Sch Publ Hlth, Hlth Sci Ctr Houston, El Paso, TX 79968 USA. [Rosenthal, E. Lee] Univ Texas El Paso, Coll Hlth Sci, El Paso, TX 79968 USA. [Brownstein, J. Nell] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Prevent Heart Dis & Stroke, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. [Rush, Carl H.] Community Resources LLC, San Antonio, TX USA. [Matos, Sergio] Community Hlth Worker Network New York City, New York, NY USA. [Hernandez, Lorenza] Promotora Salud, El Paso, TX USA. RP Balcazar, H (reprint author), Univ Texas Sch Publ Hlth, Hlth Sci Ctr Houston, El Paso Reg Campus,500 W Univ,CH 400, El Paso, TX 79968 USA. EM Hector.G.Balcazar@uth.tmc.edu FU NIMHD NIH HHS [R24 MD001785, R24 MD001785-02, R24 MD0001785-01] NR 31 TC 43 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 11 PU AMER PUBLIC HEALTH ASSOC INC PI WASHINGTON PA 800 I STREET, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20001-3710 USA SN 0090-0036 J9 AM J PUBLIC HEALTH JI Am. J. Public Health PD DEC PY 2011 VL 101 IS 12 BP 2199 EP 2203 DI 10.2105/AJPH.2011.300386 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 849QT UT WOS:000297140900004 PM 22021280 ER PT J AU Wingood, GM DiClemente, RJ Villamizar, K Er, DL DeVarona, M Taveras, J Painter, TM Lang, DL Hardin, JW Ullah, E Stallworth, J Purcell, DW Jean, R AF Wingood, Gina M. DiClemente, Ralph J. Villamizar, Kira Er, Deja L. DeVarona, Martina Taveras, Janelle Painter, Thomas M. Lang, Delia L. Hardin, James W. Ullah, Evelyn Stallworth, JoAna Purcell, David W. Jean, Reynald TI Efficacy of a Health Educator-Delivered HIV Prevention Intervention for Latina Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; STRATEGIES; HISPANICS; HIV/AIDS; BARRIERS; GENDER; ADULTS; POWER AB Objectives. We developed and assessed AMIGAS (Amigas, Mujeres Latinas, Inform andonos, Gui andonos, y Apoy andonos contra el SIDA [friends, Latina women, informing each other, guiding each other, and supporting each other against AIDS]), a culturally congruent HIV prevention intervention for Latina women adapted from SiSTA (Sistas Informing Sistas about Topics on AIDS), an intervention for African American women. Methods. We recruited 252 Latina women aged 18 to 35 years in Miami, Florida, in 2008 to 2009 and randomized them to the 4-session AMIGAS intervention or a 1-session health intervention. Participants completed audio computer-assisted self-interviews at baseline and follow-up. Results. Over the 6-month follow-up, AMIGAS participants reported more consistent condom use during the past 90 (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]=4.81; P<.001) and 30 (AOR = 3.14; P<.001) days and at last sexual encounter (AOR=2.76; P<.001), and a higher mean percentage condom use during the past 90 (relative change=55.7%; P<.001) and 30 (relative change=43.8%; P<.001) days than did comparison participants. AMIGAS participants reported fewer traditional views of gender roles (P=.008), greater self-efficacy for negotiating safer sex (P<.001), greater feelings of power in relationships (P=.02), greater self-efficacy for using condoms (P<.001), and greater HIV knowledge (P=.009) and perceived fewer barriers to using condoms (P<.001). Conclusions. Our results support the efficacy of this linguistically and culturally adapted HIV intervention among ethnically diverse, predominantly foreign-born Latina women. (Am J Public Health. 2011;101:2245-2252. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2011.300340) C1 [Wingood, Gina M.; DiClemente, Ralph J.; Er, Deja L.; Lang, Delia L.] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Behav Sci & Hlth Educ, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Villamizar, Kira; DeVarona, Martina; Taveras, Janelle; Ullah, Evelyn; Jean, Reynald] Miami Dade Cty Hlth Dept, Off HIV AIDS, Miami, FL USA. [Painter, Thomas M.; Stallworth, JoAna; Purcell, David W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Prevent Res Branch, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA USA. [Hardin, James W.] Univ S Carolina, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Biostat, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. RP Wingood, GM (reprint author), Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Behav Sci & Hlth Educ, 1518 Clifton Rd NE,GCR 548,Mailstop 1518-002-5AA, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. EM gwingoo@sph.emory.edu RI Hardin, James/Q-7617-2016; OI Hardin, James/0000-0003-0506-5500; Purcell, David/0000-0001-8125-5168 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [200-2007-23647]; Emory University Center for AIDS Research [P30 AI050409] FX This study was funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (contract 200-2007-23647) and the Emory University Center for AIDS Research (grant P30 AI050409). NR 38 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 2 U2 15 PU AMER PUBLIC HEALTH ASSOC INC PI WASHINGTON PA 800 I STREET, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20001-3710 USA SN 0090-0036 EI 1541-0048 J9 AM J PUBLIC HEALTH JI Am. J. Public Health PD DEC PY 2011 VL 101 IS 12 BP 2245 EP 2252 DI 10.2105/AJPH.2011.300340 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 849QT UT WOS:000297140900015 PM 22021297 ER PT J AU Rowe, AK Onikpo, F Lama, M Osterholt, DM Deming, MS AF Rowe, Alexander K. Onikpo, Faustin Lama, Marcel Osterholt, Dawn M. Deming, Michael S. TI Impact of a Malaria-Control Project in Benin That Included the Integrated Management of Childhood Illness Strategy SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article ID SULFADOXINE-PYRIMETHAMINE; WEST-AFRICA; MORTALITY; CHILDREN; TANZANIA; EFFICACY; PROGRAM AB Objectives. To estimate the impact of the Integrated Management of Childhood Illness (IMCI) strategy on early-childhood mortality, we evaluated a malaria-control project in Benin that implemented IMCI and promoted insecticide-treated nets (ITNs). Methods. We conducted a before-and-after intervention study that included a nonrandomized comparison group. We used the preceding birth technique to measure early-childhood mortality (risk of dying before age 30 months), and we used health facility surveys and household surveys to measure process indicators. Results. Most process indicators improved in the area covered by the intervention. Notably, because ITNs were also promoted in the comparison area children's ITN use increased by about 20 percentage points in both areas. Regarding early-childhood mortality, the trend from baseline (1999-2001) to follow-up (2002-2004) for the intervention area (13.0% decrease; P<.001) was 14.1% (P<.001) lower than was the trend for the comparison area (1.3% increase; P=.46). Conclusions. Mortality decreased in the intervention area after IMCI and ITN promotion. ITN use increased similarly in both study areas, so the mortality impact of ITNs in the 2 areas might have canceled each other out. Thus, the mortality reduction could have been primarily attributable to IMCI's effect on health care quality and care-seeking. (Am J Public Health. 2011;101:2333-2341. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2010.300068) C1 [Rowe, Alexander K.; Osterholt, Dawn M.; Deming, Michael S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Osterholt, Dawn M.] Cincinnati Childrens Hosp, Div Gen & Community Pediat Res, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Onikpo, Faustin] Minist Hlth, Direct Dept Sante Publ Oueme & Plateau, Porto Novo, Benin. [Lama, Marcel] Africare Benin, Porto Novo, Benin. RP Rowe, AK (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis, Mailstop F22,4770 Buford Highway, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM axr9@cdc.gov FU United States Agency for International Development's Africa Integrated Malaria Initiative [936-3100]; Africare FX This project was funded by the United States Agency for International Development's Africa Integrated Malaria Initiative (project 936-3100).; We are indebted to the many community members, health workers, supervisors, surveyors, drivers, and support staff who gave their time and energy to make this project possible. In particular, we thank Odje Adeichan for his superb efforts at maintaining the mortality surveillance system, Loukmane Agbo-Ola and Paul Kple-Faget for their support of our research activities, and Francois Cokou for his assistance with data management We also thank Ruilin Ren of ICF Macro for his DHS analyses. We acknowledge the support of Africare, the managing partner responsible for implementation of the Africa Integrated Malaria Initiative in Benin with the Benin Ministry of Public Health. NR 31 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER PUBLIC HEALTH ASSOC INC PI WASHINGTON PA 800 I STREET, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20001-3710 USA SN 0090-0036 J9 AM J PUBLIC HEALTH JI Am. J. Public Health PD DEC PY 2011 VL 101 IS 12 BP 2333 EP 2341 DI 10.2105/AJPH.2010.300068 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 849QT UT WOS:000297140900027 PM 21566036 ER PT J AU Trivers, KF Baldwin, LM Miller, JW Matthews, B Andrilla, CHA Lishner, DM Goff, BA AF Trivers, Katrina F. Baldwin, Laura-Mae Miller, Jacqueline W. Matthews, Barbara Andrilla, C. Holly A. Lishner, Denise M. Goff, Barbara A. TI Reported referral for genetic counseling or BRCA 1/2 testing among United States physicians SO CANCER LA English DT Article DE ovarian neoplasms; attitude of health personnel; health knowledge; attitudes; practice; genetic testing; primary health care ID BREAST-CANCER RISK; PRIMARY-CARE PHYSICIANS; FAMILY PHYSICIANS; MUTATION CARRIERS; NATIONAL-SURVEY; OVARIAN-CANCER; WOMEN; SUSCEPTIBILITY; METAANALYSIS; DISPARITIES AB BACKGROUND: Genetic counseling and testing is recommended for women at high but not average risk of ovarian cancer. National estimates of physician adherence to genetic counseling and testing recommendations are lacking. METHODS: Using a vignette-based study, we surveyed 3200 United States family physicians, general internists, and obstetrician/gynecologists and received 1878 (62%) responses. The questionnaire included an annual examination vignette asking about genetic counseling and testing. The vignette varied patient age, race, insurance status, and ovarian cancer risk. Estimates of physician adherence to genetic counseling and testing recommendations were weighted to the United States primary care physician population. Multivariable logistic regression identified independent patient and physician predictors of adherence. RESULTS: For average-risk women, 71% of physicians self-reported adhering to recommendations against genetic counseling or testing. In multivariable modeling, predictors of adherence against referral/testing included black versus white race (relative risk [RR], 1.16; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.03-1.31), Medicaid versus private insurance (RR, 1.15; 95% CI, 1.02-1.29), and rural versus urban location. Among high-risk women, 41% of physicians self-reported adhering to recommendations to refer for genetic counseling or testing. Predictors of adherence for referral/testing were younger patient age [35 vs 51 years [RR, 1.78; 95% CI, 1.41-2.24]), physician sex (female vs male [RR, 1.30; 95% CI, 1.07-1.64]), and obstetrician/gynecologist versus family medicine specialty (RR, 1.64; 95% CI, 1.31-2.05). For both average-risk and high-risk women, physician-estimated ovarian cancer risk was the most powerful predictor of recommendation adherence. CONCLUSION: Physicians reported that they would refer many average-risk women and would not refer many high-risk women for genetic counseling/testing. Intervention efforts, including promotion of accurate risk assessment, are needed. Cancer 2011; 117: 5334-43. (C) 2011 American Cancer Society. C1 [Trivers, Katrina F.; Miller, Jacqueline W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Baldwin, Laura-Mae; Matthews, Barbara; Andrilla, C. Holly A.; Lishner, Denise M.] Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Family Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Goff, Barbara A.] Univ Washington, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Trivers, KF (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Highway NE,MS K-55, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM ktrivers@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention through the University of Washington Health Promotion Research Centers [U48DP001911]; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [U48DP001911]; National Cancer Institute FX This work was supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention through the University of Washington Health Promotion Research Centers Cooperative Agreement (U48DP001911), and through the Alliance for Reducing Cancer, Northwest, funded by both the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (Grant U48DP001911, V. Taylor, PI) and the National Cancer Institute. NR 39 TC 43 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 8 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0008-543X J9 CANCER-AM CANCER SOC JI Cancer PD DEC 1 PY 2011 VL 117 IS 23 BP 5334 EP 5343 DI 10.1002/cncr.26166 PG 10 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 849YH UT WOS:000297161000012 PM 21792861 ER PT J AU Tevendale, HD Comulada, WS Lightfoot, MA AF Tevendale, Heather D. Comulada, W. Scott Lightfoot, Marguerita A. TI Finding Shelter: Two-Year Housing Trajectories Among Homeless Youth SO JOURNAL OF ADOLESCENT HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Homeless youth; Longitudinal studies; Adolescent ID RISK-FACTORS; RUNAWAY ADOLESCENTS; DEVELOPMENTAL TRAJECTORIES; EXITING HOMELESSNESS; SUBSTANCE USE; VICTIMIZATION; POPULATION; DISORDERS; BEHAVIORS; STREETS AB Purpose: The aim of this study was to (1) identify trajectories of homeless youth remaining sheltered or returning to shelter over a period of 2 years, and (2) to identify predictors of these trajectories. Method: A sample of 426 individuals aged 14-24 years receiving services at homeless youth serving agencies completed six assessments over 2 years. Latent class growth analysis was applied to the reports of whether youth had been inconsistently sheltered (i.e., living on the street or in a squat, abandoned building, or automobile) or consistently sheltered (i.e., not living in any of those settings) during the past 3 months. Results: Three trajectories of homeless youth remaining sheltered or returning to shelter were identified: consistently sheltered (approximately 41% of the sample); inconsistently sheltered, short-term (approximately 20%); and inconsistently sheltered, long-term (approximately 39%). Being able to go home and having not left of one's own accord predicted greater likelihood of membership in the short-term versus the long-term inconsistently sheltered trajectory. Younger age, not using drugs other than alcohol or marijuana, less involvement in informal sector activities, being able to go home, and having been homeless for <1 year predicted membership in the consistently sheltered groups versus the long-term inconsistently sheltered groups in the multivariate analyses. Conclusions: Findings suggest that being able to return home is more important than the degree of individual impairment (e. g., substance use or mental health problems) when determining the likelihood that a homeless youth follows a more or a less chronically homeless pathway. (C) 2011 Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine. C1 [Tevendale, Heather D.; Comulada, W. Scott] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Ctr Community Hlth, Semel Inst Neurosci & Human Behav, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Lightfoot, Marguerita A.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Ctr AIDS Prevent Studies, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. RP Tevendale, HD (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Appl Sci Branch, 4770 Buford Highway,MS K-22, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM htevendale@cdc.gov FU National Institute on Drug Abuse [R01 DA015012]; William T. Grant Foundation FX This work was funded by grants from the National Institute on Drug Abuse (R01 DA015012) and the William T. Grant Foundation to the third author. NR 39 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 17 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1054-139X J9 J ADOLESCENT HEALTH JI J. Adolesc. Health PD DEC PY 2011 VL 49 IS 6 BP 615 EP 620 DI 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2011.04.021 PG 6 WC Psychology, Developmental; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pediatrics SC Psychology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pediatrics GA 851IF UT WOS:000297261000008 PM 22098772 ER PT J AU Knoeller, GE Mazurek, JM Moorman, JE AF Knoeller, Gretchen E. Mazurek, Jacek M. Moorman, Jeanne E. TI Work-related Asthma, Financial Barriers to Asthma Care, and Adverse Asthma Outcomes Asthma Call-back Survey, 37 States and District of Columbia, 2006 to 2008 SO MEDICAL CARE LA English DT Article DE asthma; occupational health; emergency department; healthcare costs ID EMERGENCY-DEPARTMENT VISITS; MEDICATION ADHERENCE; HEALTH DISPARITIES; UNITED-STATES; OCCUPATIONAL ASTHMA; IMPACT; COST; POPULATION; MANAGEMENT; COVERAGE AB Background: Proper asthma management and control depend on patients having affordable access to healthcare yet financial barriers to asthma care are common. Objective: To examine associations of work-related asthma (WRA) with financial barriers to asthma care and adverse asthma outcomes. Research Design: Cross-sectional, random-digit-dial survey conducted in 37 states and District of Columbia. Subjects: A total of 27,927 ever-employed adults aged >= 18 years with current asthma. Measures: Prevalence ratios (PR) for the associations of WRA with financial barriers to asthma care and of WRA with adverse asthma outcomes stratified by financial barriers. Results: Persons with WRA were significantly more likely than those with non-WRA to have at least 1 financial barrier to asthma care [PR, 1.66; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.43-1.92]. Individuals with WRA were more likely to experience adverse asthma outcomes such as asthma attack (PR, 1.31; 95% CI, 1.22-1.40), urgent treatment for worsening asthma (PR, 1.57; 95% CI, 1.39-1.78), asthma-related emergency room visit (PR, 1.69; 95% CI, 1.41-2.03), and very poorly controlled asthma (PR, 1.54; 95% CI: 1.36-1.75). After stratifying for financial barriers to asthma care, the associations did not change. Conclusions: Financial barriers to asthma care should be considered in asthma management, and individuals with WRA are more likely to experience financial barriers. However, individuals with WRA are more likely to experience adverse asthma outcomes than individuals with non-WRA, regardless of financial barriers. Additional studies are needed to identify medical, behavioral, occupational, or environmental factors associated with adverse asthma outcomes among individuals with WRA. C1 [Knoeller, Gretchen E.; Mazurek, Jacek M.] NIOSH, Div Resp Dis Studies, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Moorman, Jeanne E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Environm Hazards & Hlth Effects, Chamblee, GA USA. RP Knoeller, GE (reprint author), 1095 Willowdale Rd,MS HG900, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM ipb8@cdc.gov NR 50 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 3 U2 4 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0025-7079 J9 MED CARE JI Med. Care PD DEC PY 2011 VL 49 IS 12 BP 1097 EP 1104 DI 10.1097/MLR.0b013e31823639b9 PG 8 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 850TN UT WOS:000297222500009 PM 22002642 ER PT J AU Patel, MM AF Patel, Manish M. TI Intussusception Risk of Rotavirus Vaccination REPLY SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Letter ID AGE; ROTASHIELD C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Patel, MM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM mpatel@cdc.gov NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SOC PI WALTHAM PA WALTHAM WOODS CENTER, 860 WINTER ST,, WALTHAM, MA 02451-1413 USA SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD DEC 1 PY 2011 VL 365 IS 22 BP 2138 EP 2138 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 854MO UT WOS:000297499000019 ER PT J AU Halkitis, PN Kupprat, SA McCree, DH Simons, SM Jabouin, R Hampton, MC Gillen, S AF Halkitis, Perry N. Kupprat, Sandra A. McCree, Donna Hubbard Simons, Sara M. Jabouin, Raynal Hampton, Melvin C. Gillen, Sara TI Evaluation of the Relative Effectiveness of Three HIV Testing Strategies Targeting African American Men Who Have Sex with Men (MSM) in New York City SO ANNALS OF BEHAVIORAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE African American; MSM; HIV testing; Alternative venue testing; Social networks strategy; Partner counseling and referral services ID SOCIAL NETWORKS; YOUNG MEN; COST-EFFECTIVENESS; REFERRAL SERVICES; BLACK-MEN; INFECTION; RISK; HEALTH; STIGMA; NOTIFICATION AB African American men who have sex with men (MSM) are disproportionately affected by HIV and constitute more than half of all HIV-infected MSM in the USA. Data from the New York City location of a multi-site study were used to evaluate the effectiveness of three HIV testing strategies for detecting previously undiagnosed, 18 to 64-year-old African American MSM. Effectiveness was defined as the identification of seropositive individuals. Using a quasi-experimental design (N = 558), we examined HIV-positive test results for men tested via alternative venue testing, the social networks strategy, and partner counseling and referral services, as well as behavioral risk factors for 509 men tested through alternative venue testing and the social networks strategy. Detection rates of HIV-positives were: alternative venue testing-6.3%, the social networks strategy-19.3%, and partner services-14.3%. The odds for detection of HIV-positive MSM were 3.6 times greater for the social networks strategy and 2.5 times greater for partner services than alternative venue testing. Men tested through alternative venue testing were younger and more likely to be gay-identified than men tested through the social networks strategy. Men who tested through the social networks strategy reported more sexual risk behaviors than men tested through alternative venue testing. Findings suggest differential effectiveness of testing strategies. Given differences in the individuals accessing testing across strategies, a multi-strategic testing approach may be needed to most fully identify undiagnosed HIV-positive African American MSM. C1 [Halkitis, Perry N.; Kupprat, Sandra A.; Simons, Sara M.; Hampton, Melvin C.] NYU, Steinhardt Sch Culture Educ & Human Dev, Ctr Hlth Ident Behav & Prevent Studies, New York, NY USA. [McCree, Donna Hubbard] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Jabouin, Raynal; Gillen, Sara] Harlem United, New York, NY USA. RP Halkitis, PN (reprint author), NYU, Steinhardt Sch Culture Educ & Human Dev, Ctr Hlth Ident Behav & Prevent Studies, New York, NY USA. EM pnh1@nyu.edu FU NCHHSTP CDC HHS [1UR6 PS000369] NR 34 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 2 U2 11 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0883-6612 J9 ANN BEHAV MED JI Ann. Behav. Med. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 42 IS 3 BP 361 EP 369 DI 10.1007/s12160-011-9299-4 PG 9 WC Psychology, Multidisciplinary SC Psychology GA 849YG UT WOS:000297160900009 PM 21818527 ER PT J AU Folster, JP Pecic, G Taylor, E Whichard, J AF Folster, Jason P. Pecic, Gary Taylor, Ethel Whichard, Jean TI Characterization of Isolates from an Outbreak of Multidrug-Resistant, Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli O145 in the United States SO ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY LA English DT Letter ID SALMONELLA-ENTERICA; PLASMIDS C1 [Folster, Jason P.] CCID NCZVED DFBMD EDLB, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Pecic, Gary; Taylor, Ethel; Whichard, Jean] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Folster, JP (reprint author), CCID NCZVED DFBMD EDLB, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM gux8@cdc.gov FU NIH HHS [T35 OD010991] NR 18 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0066-4804 J9 ANTIMICROB AGENTS CH JI Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 55 IS 12 BP 5955 EP 5956 DI 10.1128/AAC.05545-11 PG 2 WC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 846RJ UT WOS:000296920600076 PM 21930875 ER PT J AU Savard, P Gopinath, R Zhu, WM Kitchel, B Rasheed, JK Tekle, T Roberts, A Ross, T Razeq, J Landrum, BM Wilson, LE Limbago, B Perl, TM Carroll, KC AF Savard, Patrice Gopinath, Ramya Zhu, Wenming Kitchel, Brandon Rasheed, J. Kamile Tekle, Tsigereda Roberts, Ava Ross, Tracy Razeq, Jafar Landrum, B. Mark Wilson, Lucy E. Limbago, Brandi Perl, Trish M. Carroll, Karen C. TI First NDM-Positive Salmonella sp Strain Identified in the United States SO ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY LA English DT Letter ID EXTENDED-SPECTRUM C1 [Savard, Patrice] Johns Hopkins Univ Hosp, Johns Hopkins Hlth Syst, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA. [Gopinath, Ramya; Landrum, B. Mark] Howard Cty Gen Hosp, Columbia, MD USA. [Zhu, Wenming; Kitchel, Brandon; Rasheed, J. Kamile; Limbago, Brandi] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. [Tekle, Tsigereda; Roberts, Ava; Ross, Tracy; Carroll, Karen C.] Johns Hopkins Med Inst, Dept Pathol, Div Med Microbiol, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Razeq, Jafar] Maryland DHMH Labs Adm, Baltimore, MD USA. [Wilson, Lucy E.] Maryland Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, Infect Dis & Environm Hlth Adm, Baltimore, MD USA. [Perl, Trish M.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, Baltimore, MD USA. RP Savard, P (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ Hosp, Johns Hopkins Hlth Syst, 600 N Wolfe St,327 Billings Bldg, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA. EM psavard2@jhmi.edu; kcarrol7@jhmi.edu NR 10 TC 35 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0066-4804 J9 ANTIMICROB AGENTS CH JI Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 55 IS 12 BP 5957 EP 5958 DI 10.1128/AAC.05719-11 PG 2 WC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 846RJ UT WOS:000296920600077 PM 21968356 ER PT J AU Rose, LJ Hodges, L O'Connell, H Noble-Wang, J AF Rose, Laura J. Hodges, Lisa O'Connell, Heather Noble-Wang, Judith TI National Validation Study of a Cellulose Sponge Wipe-Processing Method for Use after Sampling Bacillus anthracis Spores from Surfaces SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID NONPOROUS SURFACES; SWAB PROTOCOL; RECOVERY; COLLECTION; DEPOSITION; VARIETY AB This work was initiated to address the gaps identified by Congress regarding validated biothreat environmental sampling and processing methods. Nine Laboratory Response Network-affiliated laboratories participated in a validation study of a cellulose sponge wipe-processing protocol for the recovery, detection, and quantification of viable Bacillus anthracis Sterne spores from steel surfaces. Steel coupons (645.16 cm(2)) were inoculated with 1 to 4 log(10) spores and then sampled with cellulose sponges (Sponge-Stick; 3M, St. Paul, MN). Surrogate dust and background organisms were added to the sponges to mimic environmental conditions. Labs processed the sponges according to the provided protocol. Sensitivity, specificity, and mean percent recovery (%R), between-lab variability, within-lab variability, and total percent coefficient of variation were calculated. The mean %R (standard error) of spores from the surface was 32.4 (4.4), 24.4 (2.8), and 30.1 (2.3) for the 1-, 2-, and 4-log(10) inoculum levels, respectively. Sensitivities for colony counts were 84.1%, 100%, and 100% for the 1-, 2-, and 4-log(10) inocula, respectively. These data help to characterize the variability of the processing method and thereby enhance confidence in the interpretation of the results of environmental sampling conducted during a B. anthracis contamination investigation. C1 [Rose, Laura J.; Hodges, Lisa; O'Connell, Heather; Noble-Wang, Judith] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Rose, LJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mail Stop C16, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM lrose@cdc.gov NR 19 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 77 IS 23 BP 8355 EP 8359 DI 10.1128/AEM.05377-11 PG 5 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 849ZL UT WOS:000297164100021 PM 21965403 ER PT J AU Andriamandimby, SF Marianneau, P Rafisandratantsoa, JT Rollin, PE Heraud, JM Tordo, N Reynes, JM AF Andriamandimby, Soa Fy Marianneau, Philippe Rafisandratantsoa, Jean-Theophile Rollin, Pierre E. Heraud, Jean-Michel Tordo, Noel Reynes, Jean-Marc TI Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever serosurvey in at-risk professionals, Madagascar, 2008 and 2009 SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL VIROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever; Madagascar; Surveys ID OUTBREAK; VIRUS AB Background: Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a zoonotic arboviral infection with hemorrhagic manifestation and often a fatal ending. Human become infected mainly through tick bite or by crushing infected tick, by contact with blood or tissues from viraemic livestock or patient. CCHF virus (CCHFV) has been isolated once in Madagascar but data on the epidemiology of the disease in the country are very scarce. Objectives: To investigate the circulation and the geographic distribution of CCHFV infection among at risk population in Madagascar. Study design: A national cross-sectional serologic survey was performed in 2008-2009 among slaughterhouse workers. Results: A total of 1995 workers were included. A recent CCHFV infection was detected in 1 of the 1995 participants (0.5%; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0-0.15%), and a past CCHFV infection was detected in 15 participants (0.75%; 95% CI: 0.37-1.13%). Conclusion: Overall, the percentage of CCHFV infection seen in Madagascar among at-risk professionals is very low compared to endemic countries. An assessment of the prevalence in livestock as a sensitive indicator of CCHFV activity must be considered in order to confirm the lack or the weak endemicity of CCHF in Madagascar. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Andriamandimby, Soa Fy; Rafisandratantsoa, Jean-Theophile; Heraud, Jean-Michel; Reynes, Jean-Marc] Inst Pasteur Madagascar, Virol Unit, Natl Reference Lab Arboviruses & Viruses Hemorrha, Antananarivo 101, Madagascar. [Marianneau, Philippe] Agence Natl Secur Sanit, OIE Reference Lab RVFV & CCHFV, F-69364 Lyon 07, France. [Rollin, Pierre E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Viral Special Pathogens Branch, WHO Collaborat Ctr Viral Hemorrhag Fevers, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Tordo, Noel] Inst Pasteur, OIE Reference Lab RVFV & CCHFV, WHO Collaborat Ctr Arboviruses & Viral Hemorrhag, Natl Reference Ctr Viral Hemorrhag Fever, F-69365 Lyon 07, France. RP Andriamandimby, SF (reprint author), Inst Pasteur Madagascar, Virol Unit, Natl Reference Lab Arboviruses & Viruses Hemorrha, BP 1274, Antananarivo 101, Madagascar. EM soafy@pasteur.mg RI HERAUD, Jean-Michel/O-1464-2013; Reynes, Jean-Marc/M-6108-2014 OI HERAUD, Jean-Michel/0000-0003-1107-0859; FU Institut Pasteur de Madagascar FX This work was funded by Institut Pasteur de Madagascar. NR 13 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1386-6532 J9 J CLIN VIROL JI J. Clin. Virol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 52 IS 4 BP 370 EP 372 DI 10.1016/j.jcv.2011.08.008 PG 3 WC Virology SC Virology GA 847GT UT WOS:000296961100020 PM 21889395 ER PT J AU Henderson, S DeGroff, A Richards, TB Kish-Doto, J Soloe, C Heminger, C Rohan, E AF Henderson, Susan DeGroff, Amy Richards, Thomas B. Kish-Doto, Julia Soloe, Cindy Heminger, Christina Rohan, Elizabeth TI A Qualitative Analysis of Lung Cancer Screening Practices by Primary Care Physicians SO JOURNAL OF COMMUNITY HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Lung cancer screening; Qualitative study; Computerized tomography (CT) scans; Primary care physicians; Chest X-ray (CXR) ID CLINICAL-PRACTICE GUIDELINES; SERVICES TASK-FORCE; COMPUTED-TOMOGRAPHY; UNITED-STATES; BELIEFS; UPDATE; CT AB Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death in the United States, but no scientific organization currently recommends screening because of limited evidence for its effectiveness. Despite this, physicians often order screening tests such as chest X-rays and computerized tomography scans for their patients. Limited information is available about how physicians decide when to order these tests. To identify factors that affect whether physicians' screen patients for lung cancer, we conducted five 75-min telephone-based focus groups with 28 US primary care physicians and used inductive qualitative research methods to analyze their responses. We identified seven factors that influenced these physicians' decisions about screening patients for lung cancer: (1) their perception of a screening test's effectiveness, (2) their attitude toward recommended screening guidelines, (3) their practice experience, (4) their perception of a patient's risk for lung cancer, (5) reimbursement and payment for screening, (6) their concern about litigation, and (7) whether a patient requested screening. Because these factors may have conflicting effects on physicians' decisions to order screening tests, physicians may struggle in determining when screening for lung cancer is appropriate. We recommend (1) more clinician education, beginning in medical school, about the existing evidence related to lung cancer screening, with emphasis on the benefit of and training in tobacco use prevention and cessation, (2) more patient education about the benefits and limitations of screening, (3) further studies about the effect of patients' requests to be screened on physicians' decisions to order screening tests, and (4) larger, quantitative studies to follow up on our formative data. C1 [Henderson, Susan; DeGroff, Amy; Richards, Thomas B.; Rohan, Elizabeth] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, CDC, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Kish-Doto, Julia; Soloe, Cindy; Heminger, Christina] RTI Int, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. RP Henderson, S (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, CDC, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,MS K-57, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM IRV5@cdc.gov FU PHS HHS [200-2002-00575] NR 24 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 13 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0094-5145 J9 J COMMUN HEALTH JI J. Community Health PD DEC PY 2011 VL 36 IS 6 BP 949 EP 956 DI 10.1007/s10900-011-9394-2 PG 8 WC Health Policy & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 838NV UT WOS:000296300400008 PM 21442338 ER PT J AU Carlo, WA McDonald, SA Tyson, JE Stoll, BJ Ehrenkranz, RA Shankaran, S Goldberg, RN Das, A Schendel, D Thorsen, P Skogstrand, K Hougaard, DM Oh, W Laptook, AR Duara, S Fanaroff, AA Donovan, EF Korones, SB Stevenson, DK Papile, LA Finer, NN O'Shea, TM Poindexter, BB Wright, LL Ambalavanan, N Higgins, RD AF Carlo, Waldemar A. McDonald, Scott A. Tyson, Jon E. Stoll, Barbara J. Ehrenkranz, Richard A. Shankaran, Seetha Goldberg, Ronald N. Das, Abhik Schendel, Diana Thorsen, Poul Skogstrand, Kristin Hougaard, David M. Oh, William Laptook, Abbot R. Duara, Shahnaz Fanaroff, Avroy A. Donovan, Edward F. Korones, Sheldon B. Stevenson, David K. Papile, Lu-Ann Finer, Neil N. O'Shea, T. Michael Poindexter, Brenda B. Wright, Linda L. Ambalavanan, Namasivayam Higgins, Rosemary D. CA Eunice Kennedy Shriver Natl Inst C TI Cytokines and Neurodevelopmental Outcomes in Extremely Low Birth Weight Infants SO JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article ID UMBILICAL-CORD PLASMA; CEREBRAL-PALSY; PRETERM INFANTS; BRAIN-DAMAGE; PERIVENTRICULAR LEUKOMALACIA; NEONATAL CYTOKINES; INTERLEUKIN-6; INFECTION; INJURY; INFLAMMATION AB Objective To determine if selected pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines and/or mediators of inflammation reported to be related to the development of cerebral palsy (CP) predict neurodevelopmental outcome in extremely low birth weight infants. Study design Infants with birth weights <= 1000 g (n = 1067) had blood samples collected at birth and on days 3 +/- 1, 7 +/- 1, 14 +/- 3, and 21 +/- 3 to examine the association between cytokines and neurodevelopmental outcomes. The analyses were focused on 5 cytokines (interleukin [IL] 1 beta; IL-8; tumor necrosis factor-a; regulated upon activation, normal T-cell expressed, and secreted (RANTES); and IL-2) reported to be most predictive of CP in term and late preterm infants. Results IL-8 was higher on days 0-4 and subsequently in infants who developed CP compared with infants who did not develop CP in both unadjusted and adjusted analyses. Other cytokines (IL-12, IL-17, tumor necrosis factor-beta, soluble IL r alpha, macrophage inflammatory protein 1 beta) were found to be altered on days 0-4 in infants who developed CP. Conclusions CP in former preterm infants may, in part, have a late perinatal and/or early neonatal inflammatory origin. (J Pediatr 2011;159:919-25). C1 [Carlo, Waldemar A.] Univ Alabama, Div Neonatol, Dept Pediat, Birmingham, AL 35233 USA. [McDonald, Scott A.] RTI Int, Stat & Epidemiol, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Tyson, Jon E.] Univ Texas Med Sch, Dept Pediat, Houston, TX USA. [Stoll, Barbara J.] Emory Univ, Dept Pediat, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Ehrenkranz, Richard A.] Yale Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, New Haven, CT 06510 USA. [Shankaran, Seetha] Wayne State Univ, Dept Pediat, Detroit, MI 48202 USA. [Goldberg, Ronald N.] Duke Univ, Dept Pediat, Durham, NC 27706 USA. [Das, Abhik] RTI Int, Rockville, MD USA. [Schendel, Diana] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Dev Disabil Branch, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA USA. [Thorsen, Poul] Univ Aahrus, Dept Epidemiol & Social Med, Aahrus, Denmark. [Skogstrand, Kristin; Hougaard, David M.] Statens Serum Inst, Dept Clin Biochem & Immunol, DK-2300 Copenhagen, Denmark. [Oh, William] Brown Univ, Women & Infants Hosp, Dept Pediat, Providence, RI 02908 USA. [Laptook, Abbot R.] Univ Texas SW Med Ctr Dallas, Dept Pediat, Dallas, TX USA. [Duara, Shahnaz] Univ Miami, Sch Med, Miami, FL USA. [Fanaroff, Avroy A.] Case Western Reserve Univ, Rainbow Babies & Childrens Hosp, Dept Pediat, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. [Donovan, Edward F.] Univ Cincinnati, Dept Pediat, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. [Korones, Sheldon B.] Univ Tennessee, Ctr Hlth Sci, Dept Pediat, Memphis, TN 38163 USA. [Stevenson, David K.] Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. [Papile, Lu-Ann] Univ New Mexico, Hlth Sci Ctr, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Finer, Neil N.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Pediat, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. [Poindexter, Brenda B.] Indiana Univ Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Indianapolis, IN USA. [O'Shea, T. Michael] Wake Forest Univ, Winston Salem, NC 27109 USA. [Wright, Linda L.; Higgins, Rosemary D.] Eunice Kennedy Shriver Natl Inst Child & Human De, Bethesda, MD USA. RP Carlo, WA (reprint author), Univ Alabama, Div Neonatol, Dept Pediat, 176F Suite 9380619,S 19th St, Birmingham, AL 35233 USA. EM wcarlo@peds.uab.edu OI Skogstrand, Kristin/0000-0002-0026-3711; Ambalavanan, Namasivayam/0000-0003-0731-9092 FU Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development; Department of Health and Human Services [U10 HD21385, U10 HD40689, U10 HD27871, U10 HD21373, U01 HD36790, U10 HD40498, U10 HD40461, U10 HD34216, U10 HD21397, U10 HD27904, U10 HD40492, U10 HD27856, U10 HD40521, U10 HD27853, U10 HD27880, U10 HD27851, R03 HD054420]; National Institutes of Health [GCRC M01 RR 08084, M01 RR 00125, M01 RR 00750, M01 RR 00070, M01 RR 0039-43, M01 RR 00039, 5 M01 RR00044]; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX Supported by grants from the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development and the Department of Health and Human Services (U10 HD21385, U10 HD40689, U10 HD27871, U10 HD21373, U01 HD36790, U10 HD40498, U10 HD40461, U10 HD34216, U10 HD21397, U10 HD27904, U10 HD40492, U10 HD27856, U10 HD40521, U10 HD27853, U10 HD27880, U10 HD27851, and R03 HD054420) and from the National Institutes of Health (GCRC M01 RR 08084, M01 RR 00125, M01 RR 00750, M01 RR 00070, M01 RR 0039-43, M01 RR 00039, and 5 M01 RR00044). The National Institutes of Health, the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention provided grant support for recruitment for 1999-2001 and data analysis for the Neonatal ResearchNetwork's Cytokines Study. The funding agencies provided overall oversight for study conduct, but all data analyses and interpretation were independent of the funding agencies. NR 34 TC 30 Z9 31 U1 1 U2 3 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0022-3476 J9 J PEDIATR-US JI J. Pediatr. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 159 IS 6 BP 919 EP U77 DI 10.1016/j.jpeds.2011.05.042 PG 10 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 845UQ UT WOS:000296849400010 PM 21798559 ER PT J AU Hartman, RJ Rasmussen, SA Botto, LD Riehle-Colarusso, T Martin, CL Cragan, JD Shin, M Correa, A AF Hartman, Robert J. Rasmussen, Sonja A. Botto, Lorenzo D. Riehle-Colarusso, Tiffany Martin, Christa L. Cragan, Janet D. Shin, Mikyong Correa, Adolfo TI The Contribution of Chromosomal Abnormalities to Congenital Heart Defects: A Population-Based Study SO PEDIATRIC CARDIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Chromosomal abnormality; Congenital heart defect; Congenital heart disease; Prevalence; Epidemiology ID BIRTH-DEFECTS; CARDIOVASCULAR MALFORMATIONS; METROPOLITAN ATLANTA; GENOMIC IMBALANCES; CARDIAC DEFECTS; UNITED-STATES; DISEASE; EPIDEMIOLOGY; MICROARRAY; ANOMALIES AB We aimed to assess the frequency of chromosomal abnormalities among infants with congenital heart defects (CHDs) in an analysis of population-based surveillance data. We reviewed data from the Metropolitan Atlanta Congenital Defects Program, a population-based birth-defects surveillance system, to assess the frequency of chromosomal abnormalities among live-born infants and fetal deaths with CHDs delivered from January 1, 1994, to December 31, 2005. Among 4430 infants with CHDs, 547 (12.3%) had a chromosomal abnormality. CHDs most likely to be associated with a chromosomal abnormality were interrupted aortic arch (type B and not otherwise specified; 69.2%), atrioventricular septal defect (67.2%), and double-outlet right ventricle (33.3%). The most common chromosomal abnormalities observed were trisomy 21 (52.8%), trisomy 18 (12.8%), 22q11.2 deletion (12.2%), and trisomy 13 (5.7%). In conclusion, in our study, approximately 1 in 8 infants with a CHD had a chromosomal abnormality. Clinicians should have a low threshold at which to obtain testing for chromosomal abnormalities in infants with CHDs, especially those with certain types of CHDs. Use of new technologies that have become recently available (e.g., chromosomal microarray) may increase the identified contribution of chromosomal abnormalities even further. C1 [Hartman, Robert J.; Rasmussen, Sonja A.; Riehle-Colarusso, Tiffany; Cragan, Janet D.; Shin, Mikyong; Correa, Adolfo] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Hartman, Robert J.] Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Botto, Lorenzo D.] Univ Utah, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Salt Lake City, UT USA. [Martin, Christa L.] Emory Univ, Dept Human Genet, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Shin, Mikyong] RTI Int, Triangle Res Pk, NC USA. RP Rasmussen, SA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E-86, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM skr9@cdc.gov RI Dykens, Elisabeth/A-9055-2012 FU CDC FX We thank Cheryl Broussard, Suzanne Gilboa, Assia Miller, and Sarah Tinker for their assistance with the statistical analyses. The authors acknowledge the dedication and contributions of the abstractors, staff, and scientists who contribute to the MACDP. This research was supported in part by an appointment to the Research Participation Program at the CDC administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an interagency agreement between the United States Department of Energy and the CDC. NR 37 TC 42 Z9 49 U1 0 U2 9 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0172-0643 J9 PEDIATR CARDIOL JI Pediatr. Cardiol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 32 IS 8 BP 1147 EP 1157 DI 10.1007/s00246-011-0034-5 PG 11 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Pediatrics SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology; Pediatrics GA 844FM UT WOS:000296733100011 PM 21728077 ER PT J AU Nijhawan, AE DeLong, AK Celentano, DD Klein, RS Sobel, JD Jamieson, DJ Cu-Uvin, S AF Nijhawan, Ank E. DeLong, Alison K. Celentano, David D. Klein, Robert S. Sobel, Jack D. Jamieson, Denise J. Cu-Uvin, Susan TI The Association Between Trichomonas Infection and Incarceration in HIV-Seropositive and At-Risk HIV-Seronegative Women SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES LA English DT Article ID SEXUALLY-TRANSMITTED-DISEASES; HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; UNITED-STATES; VAGINALIS INFECTION; AFRICAN-AMERICANS; COCAINE USE; PREVALENCE; HEALTH; TRANSMISSION; PARTNERSHIPS AB Background: The prevalence of Trichomonas vaginalis is higher among incarcerated women than in the general community. We sought to determine whether a history of incarceration itself was independently associated with trichomoniasis. Methods: The HIV Epidemiology Research Study is a prospective cohort study of 871 HIV-seropositive and 439 high-risk seronegative women in 4 urban centers (Bronx, NY; Detroit, MI; Providence, RI; Baltimore, MD). All participants enrolled between April 1993 and January 1995, with interviews and physical examinations conducted at baseline and at follow-up visits every 6 months up to 7 years. Results: Of 1310 subjects, 427 (33%) reported being incarcerated on at least one occasion. In addition, 724 (55%) were found to have a sexually transmitted infection on at least one occasion during the study; baseline rates were 21% for T. vaginalis, 4.3% for Chlamydia trachomatis, 0.6% for N. gonorrhea, and 8% for syphilis. Incarceration was associated with the detection of trichomonas infection (between-subject, odds ratio, 2.4; 95% confidence interval: 1.85-3.14; P < 0.01 and within-subject, odds ratio, 1.56; 95% confidence interval: 1.26-1.92; P < 0.01). The association with incarceration remained significant after adjusting for age, race, HIV status, enrollment risk group, number of sexual partners, marital status, education, bacterial vaginosis, vaginal candidiasis, drug use (crack, cocaine, heroin), alcohol use, health insurance, receipt of public assistance, employment status, visit number, and study site. Conclusions: A history of incarceration was independently associated with the detection of trichomonas infection in a cohort of high-risk women. These data have implications for increased sexually transmitted infection prevention, screening, and treatment upon entry to jail as well as in the communities most affected by incarceration. C1 [Nijhawan, Ank E.] Harvard Univ, Beth Israel Deaconess Med Ctr, Div Gen Internal Med & Primary Care, Sch Med, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Nijhawan, Ank E.; Cu-Uvin, Susan] Brown Univ, Miriam Hosp, Div Infect Dis, Alpert Med Sch, Providence, RI USA. [DeLong, Alison K.] Brown Univ, Ctr Stat Sci, Providence, RI 02912 USA. [Celentano, David D.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Baltimore, MD USA. [Klein, Robert S.] Mt Sinai Sch Med, Div Infect Dis, New York, NY USA. [Sobel, Jack D.] Wayne State Univ, Sch Med, Harper Univ Hosp, Div Infect Dis, Detroit, MI USA. [Jamieson, Denise J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Nijhawan, AE (reprint author), Dept Gen Internal Med & Primary Care Hosp Med, 330 Brookline Ave,W-PBS-2, Boston, MA 02215 USA. EM anijhawa@bidmc.harvard.edu FU National Institute on Drug Abuse [T32DA013911]; American STD Association; Lifespan/Tufts/Brown University Center for AIDS Research NIH [P30AI42853, K24 AI066884]; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [U64/CCU106795, U64/CCU206798, U64/CCU306802, U64/CCU506831] FX Supported in part by National Institute on Drug Abuse T32DA013911 (to A.N.); American STD Association Developmental Award (to A.N.); Lifespan/Tufts/Brown University Center for AIDS Research NIH P30AI42853 (to A.N., A.D., S.C.-U.) and K24 AI066884 (S.C.-U.); and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention cooperative agreements U64/CCU106795, U64/CCU206798, U64/CCU306802, and U64/CCU506831. NR 50 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0148-5717 J9 SEX TRANSM DIS JI Sex. Transm. Dis. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 38 IS 12 BP 1094 EP 1100 DI 10.1097/OLQ.0b013e31822ea147 PG 7 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 846RD UT WOS:000296920000002 PM 22082718 ER PT J AU Rupprecht, CE Turmelle, A Kuzmin, IV AF Rupprecht, Charles E. Turmelle, Amy Kuzmin, Ivan V. TI A perspective on lyssavirus emergence and perpetuation SO CURRENT OPINION IN VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID RABIES VIRUS; SANTA-ROSALIA; IMMUNE EVASION; BAT-LYSSAVIRUS; UNITED-STATES; EPIDEMIOLOGY; EVOLUTION; PATHOGENICITY; PHYLOGENY; ECOLOGY AB Rabies is propagated globally by viruses in the Family Rhabdoviridae, Genus Lyssavirus. These RNA viruses utilize the mammalian central nervous system as their ultimate niche, and exploit routine social mechanisms, as well as host behavioral alterations, to facilitate transmission by neural transport and innervations of the salivary glands, and ultimately excretion via the saliva, towards circulation thereafter in host populations. All mammals are susceptible to infection, but lyssavirus reservoirs are represented by several species of Carnivore, with viral global diversity and distribution in toto driven by a wide variety of the Chiroptera. Pathogen diversity is maintained by multiple faunas, and facilitated by pronounced host vagility, as exemplified by the ease of routine daily and seasonal movements by bats. Viral 'ensembles', or subpopulations associated with productive transmission events, emerge locally in vivo through a combination of naive host infections in some individuals versus acquired immunity by others, using complex metapopulation dynamics. Enhanced surveillance, improved diagnostics, increased pathogen detection, and an integrated One Health approach, targeting human, domestic animal and wildlife interfaces, provide modern insights to the ecology of bat lyssaviruses to augment future prevention and control. C1 [Rupprecht, Charles E.; Turmelle, Amy; Kuzmin, Ivan V.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Rupprecht, CE (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM cyr5@cdc.gov NR 50 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 2 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1879-6257 J9 CURR OPIN VIROL JI Curr. Opin. Virol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 1 IS 6 BP 662 EP 670 DI 10.1016/j.coviro.2011.10.014 PG 9 WC Virology SC Virology GA 051FV UT WOS:000312112500028 PM 22440925 ER PT J AU Shearer, JES Wireman, J Hostetler, J Forberger, H Borman, J Gill, J Sanchez, S Mankin, A LaMarre, J Lindsay, JA Bayles, K Nicholson, A O'Brien, F Jensen, SO Firth, N Skurray, RA Summers, AO AF Shearer, Julia E. S. Wireman, Joy Hostetler, Jessica Forberger, Heather Borman, Jon Gill, John Sanchez, Susan Mankin, Alexander LaMarre, Jacqueline Lindsay, Jodi A. Bayles, Kenneth Nicholson, Ainsley O'Brien, Frances Jensen, Slade O. Firth, Neville Skurray, Ronald A. Summers, Anne O. TI Major Families of Multiresistant Plasmids from Geographically and Epidemiologically Diverse Staphylococci SO G3-GENES GENOMES GENETICS LA English DT Article DE plasmid; resistance; mobile element genomics; MRSA; horizontal gene transfer ID COMPLETE NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; HORIZONTAL GENE-TRANSFER; METHICILLIN-RESISTANT; CADMIUM RESISTANCE; AUREUS STRAINS; ANTIMICROBIAL SUSCEPTIBILITY; SEGREGATIONAL STABILITY; COMPARATIVE GENOMICS; BACTERIAL PLASMIDS; UNITED-STATES AB Staphylococci are increasingly aggressive human pathogens suggesting that active evolution is spreading novel virulence and resistance phenotypes. Large staphylococcal plasmids commonly carry antibiotic resistances and virulence loci, but relatively few have been completely sequenced. We determined the plasmid content of 280 staphylococci isolated in diverse geographical regions from the 1940s to the 2000s and found that 79% of strains carried at least one large plasmid >20 kb and that 75% of these large plasmids were 20-30 kb. Using restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis, we grouped 43% of all large plasmids into three major families, showing remarkably conserved intercontinental spread of multiresistant staphylococcal plasmids over seven decades. In total, we sequenced 93 complete and 57 partial staphylococcal plasmids ranging in size from 1.3 kb to 64.9 kb, tripling the number of complete sequences for staphylococcal plasmids >20 kb in the NCBI RefSeq database. These plasmids typically carried multiple antimicrobial and metal resistances and virulence genes, transposases and recombinases. Remarkably, plasmids within each of the three main families were >98% identical, apart from insertions and deletions, despite being isolated from strains decades apart and on different continents. This suggests enormous selective pressure has optimized the content of certain plasmids despite their large size and complex organization. C1 [Shearer, Julia E. S.; Wireman, Joy; Summers, Anne O.] Univ Georgia, Dept Microbiol, Coll Vet Med, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Sanchez, Susan] Univ Georgia, Dept Infect Dis, Coll Vet Med, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Hostetler, Jessica; Forberger, Heather; Borman, Jon; Gill, John] J Craig Venter Inst, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. [Mankin, Alexander; LaMarre, Jacqueline] Univ Illinois, Ctr Pharmaceut Biotechnol, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. [Lindsay, Jodi A.] Univ London, Dept Cellular & Mol Med, London SW17 0RE, England. [Bayles, Kenneth] Univ Nebraska Med Ctr, Dept Pathol & Microbiol, Omaha, NE 68198 USA. [Nicholson, Ainsley] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [O'Brien, Frances] Curtin Univ Technol, Sch Biomed Sci, Perth, WA 6000, Australia. [Jensen, Slade O.] Univ Western Sydney, Sch Med, Sydney, NSW 2751, Australia. [Jensen, Slade O.; Firth, Neville; Skurray, Ronald A.] Univ Sydney, Sch Biol Sci, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. RP Shearer, JES (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Dept Microbiol, Coll Vet Med, 527 Biol Sci Bldg, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM summers@uga.edu RI Lindsay, Jodi/B-9565-2008; OI Lindsay, Jodi/0000-0002-5219-1625; Summers, Anne/0000-0003-4258-9696 FU Microbial Sequencing Center from JCVI under its NIH NIAID; Alliance for the Prudent Use of Antibiotics (APUA) through NIH [U24 AI 50139]; NIH (NIAID) [RO1AI072445] FX We thank Naveen Aitha (Computer Sciences Department, University of Georgia) for Python scripting to aid analysis of BLAST outputs and Ross Overbeek, Victoria Vonstein, and Gordon Pusch of Argonne National Laboratory for gracious and valuable assistance with RAST and P-RAST. We also thank Jean Patel and Brandi Limbago of the CDC for strains and advice. Plasmid laboratory work and bioinformatics at the University of Georgia were partially supported by a Microbial Sequencing Center subcontract to A.O.S. from JCVI under its NIH NIAID contract and by a small grant to A.O.S. from Alliance for the Prudent Use of Antibiotics (APUA) through NIH Grant U24 AI 50139. Work on strain CM05 was supported by NIH (NIAID) grant RO1AI072445 to A. M. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 92 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 2 U2 14 PU GENETICS SOC AM PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE AVE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 2160-1836 J9 G3-GENES GENOM GENET JI G3-Genes Genomes Genet. PD DEC 1 PY 2011 VL 1 IS 7 BP 581 EP 591 DI 10.1534/g3.111.000760 PG 11 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 055IY UT WOS:000312410300007 PM 22384369 ER PT J AU Nakata, A AF Nakata, Akinori TI Effects of long work hours and poor sleep characteristics on workplace injury among full-time male employees of small- and medium-scale businesses SO JOURNAL OF SLEEP RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE overtime; safety; sleep; small-and medium-scale business; work hours; workplace injury ID OCCUPATIONAL INJURIES; UNITED-STATES; JOB STRESS; DISTURBANCES; HEALTH; SAFETY; RISK; PRODUCTIVITY; ENTERPRISES; ACCIDENTS AB The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of long work hours and poor sleep characteristics on workplace injury. A total of 1891 male employees, aged 18-79 years (mean 45 years), in 296 small-and medium-scale businesses in a suburb of Tokyo were surveyed by means of a self-administered questionnaire during August-December 2002. Work hours and sleep characteristics, including daily sleep hours, subjective sleep sufficiency, sleep quality and easiness to wake up in the morning, were evaluated. Information on workplace injury in the past 1-year period was self-reported. The risk of workplace injury associated with work hours and poor sleep was estimated using multivariate logistic regression with odds ratio (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals as measures of associations. Compared with those working 6-8 h day(-1) with good sleep characteristics, positive interactive effects for workplace injury were found between long work hours (>8-10 h day(-1) or > 10 h day(-1)) and short sleep duration (< 6 h) [adjusted OR (aOR), 1.27-1.54], subjective insufficient sleep (aOR, 1.94-1.99), sleep poorly at night (aOR, 2.23-2.49) and difficulty waking up in the morning (aOR, 1.56-1.59). Long work hours (aOR, 1.31-1.48), subjective insufficient sleep (aOR, 1.49) and sleeping poorly at night (aOR, 1.72) were also independently associated with workplace injury. This study suggests that long work hours coupled with poor sleep characteristics are synergistically associated with increased risk of workplace injury. Greater attention should be paid to manage/treat poor sleep and reduce excessive work hours to improve safety at the workplace. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, NIOSH, Div Appl Res & Technol, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. RP Nakata, A (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, NIOSH, Div Appl Res & Technol, MS C24,4676 Columbia Pkwy, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM cji5@cdc.gov NR 27 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 7 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0962-1105 J9 J SLEEP RES JI J. Sleep Res. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 20 IS 4 BP 576 EP 584 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2869.2011.00910.x PG 9 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 853FX UT WOS:000297412700013 PM 21294800 ER PT J AU Camargo, MC Anderson, WF King, JB Correa, P Thomas, CC Rosenberg, PS Eheman, CR Rabkin, CS AF Camargo, M. Constanza Anderson, William F. King, Jessica B. Correa, Pelayo Thomas, Cheryll C. Rosenberg, Philip S. Eheman, Christie R. Rabkin, Charles S. TI Divergent trends for gastric cancer incidence by anatomical subsite in US adults SO GUT LA English DT Article ID EPSTEIN-BARR-VIRUS; HELICOBACTER-PYLORI INFECTION; PROTON PUMP INHIBITORS; FACTOR SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM; UNITED-STATES; VEGETABLE CONSUMPTION; FOOD-INTAKE; RISK; FRUIT; SMOKING AB Background and aim Age-specific analyses of non-cardia gastric cancer incidence reveal divergent trends among US whites: rates are declining in individuals aged 40 years and older but rising in younger persons. To investigate this heterogeneity further, incidence trends were evaluated by anatomical subsite. Methods Gastric cancer incidence data for 1976-2007 were obtained from the US National Cancer Institute's Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) Program and the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's National Program of Cancer Registries (NPCR). Incidence rates and estimated annual percentage change were calculated by age group (25-39, 40-59 and 60-84 years), race/ethnicity and subsite. Results Based on data from the nine oldest SEER registries (covering similar to 10% of the US population), rates for all non-cardia subsites decreased in whites and blacks, except for corpus cancer, which increased between 1976 and 2007 with estimated annual percentage changes of 1.0% (95% CI 0.1% to 1.9%) for whites and 3.5% (95% CI 1.8% to 5.2%) for blacks. In contrast, rates for all non-cardia subsites including corpus cancer declined among other races. In combined data from NPCR and SEER registries (covering 89% of the US population), corpus cancer significantly increased between 1999 and 2007 among younger and middle-aged whites; in ethnic-specific analyses, rates significantly increased among the same age groups in non-Hispanic whites and were stable among Hispanic whites. Age-specific rates for all subsites declined or were stable in this period among blacks and other races. Conclusions Long-and short-term incidence trends for gastric cancers indicate a shifting distribution by anatomical subsite. Corpus cancer may have distinctive aetiology and changing risk factor exposures, warranting further investigation. C1 [Camargo, M. Constanza] NCI, Infect & Immunoepidemiol Branch, Div Canc Epidemiol & Genet, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. [Camargo, M. Constanza] Univ Illinois, Div Epidemiol & Biostat, Chicago, IL USA. [King, Jessica B.; Thomas, Cheryll C.; Eheman, Christie R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Canc Surveillance Branch, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. [Correa, Pelayo] Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Div Gastroenterol Hepatol & Nutr, Nashville, TN 37212 USA. RP Camargo, MC (reprint author), NCI, Infect & Immunoepidemiol Branch, Div Canc Epidemiol & Genet, 6120 Execut Blvd,Ste 6111, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. EM camargomc@mail.nih.gov RI Camargo, M. Constanza/R-9891-2016 FU National Cancer Institute; National Institutes of Health; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX This study was funded by the Intramural Research Program of the National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's National Program of Cancer Registries. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official positions of the National Cancer Institute and/or the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 56 TC 31 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 3 PU B M J PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 0017-5749 J9 GUT JI Gut PD DEC PY 2011 VL 60 IS 12 BP 1644 EP 1649 DI 10.1136/gut.2010.236737 PG 6 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 844UQ UT WOS:000296774500005 PM 21613644 ER PT J AU Pathela, P Braunstein, SL Schillinger, JA Shepard, C Sweeney, M Blank, S AF Pathela, Preeti Braunstein, Sarah L. Schillinger, Julia A. Shepard, Colin Sweeney, Monica Blank, Susan TI Men Who Have Sex With Men Have a 140-Fold Higher Risk for Newly Diagnosed HIV and Syphilis Compared With Heterosexual Men in New York City SO JAIDS-JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES LA English DT Article DE HIV/AIDS rates; health disparities; men who have sex with men; syphilis rates ID PROTEASE INHIBITORS; SAN-FRANCISCO; UNITED-STATES; DISPARITIES; INFECTION; BEHAVIORS; PREVALENCE AB Objectives: To describe the population of men who have sex with men (MSM) in New York City, compare their demographics, risk behaviors, and new HIV and primary and secondary (P&S) syphilis rates with those of men who have sex with women (MSW), and examine trends in infection rates among MSM. Design: Population denominators and demographic and behavioral data were obtained from population-based surveys during 2005-2008. Numbers of new HIV and P&S syphilis diagnoses were extracted from city-wide disease surveillance registries. Methods: We calculated overall, age-specific and race/ethnicity-specific case rates and rate ratios for MSM and MSW and analyzed trends in MSM rates by age and race/ethnicity. Results: The average prevalence of male same-sex behavior during 2005-2008 (5.0%; 95% CI: 4.5 to 5.6) differed by both age and race/ethnicity (2.3% among non-Hispanic black men; 7.4% among non-Hispanic white men). Compared with MSW, MSM differed significantly on all demographics and reported a higher prevalence of condom use at last sex (62.9% vs. 38.3%) and of past-year HIV testing (53.6% vs. 27.2%) but also more past-year sex partners. MSM HIV and P&S syphilis rates were 2526.9/100,000 and 707.0/100,000, each of which was over 140 times MSW rates. Rates were highest among young and black MSM. Over 4 years, HIV rates more than doubled and P&S syphilis rates increased 6-fold among 18-year-old to 29-year-old MSM. Conclusions: The substantial population of MSM in New York City is at high risk for acquisition of sexually transmitted infections given high rates of newly diagnosed infections and ongoing risk behaviors. Intensified and innovative efforts to implement and evaluate prevention programs are required. C1 [Pathela, Preeti; Schillinger, Julia A.; Blank, Susan] New York City Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, Gotham Ctr, Bur Sexually Transmitted Dis Control, New York, NY 11101 USA. [Braunstein, Sarah L.; Shepard, Colin; Sweeney, Monica] New York City Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, Bur HIV Prevent, New York, NY 11101 USA. [Schillinger, Julia A.; Blank, Susan] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sexually Transmitted Dis Prevent, New York, NY USA. RP Pathela, P (reprint author), New York City Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, Gotham Ctr, Bur Sexually Transmitted Dis Control, 42-09 28th St, New York, NY 11101 USA. EM ppathela@health.nyc.gov NR 27 TC 52 Z9 54 U1 1 U2 9 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1525-4135 J9 JAIDS-J ACQ IMM DEF JI JAIDS PD DEC 1 PY 2011 VL 58 IS 4 BP 408 EP 416 DI 10.1097/QAI.0b013e318230e1ca PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 846RM UT WOS:000296920900018 PM 21857351 ER PT J AU Ku, BK Deye, GJ Kulkarni, P Baron, PA AF Ku, Bon Ki Deye, Gregory J. Kulkarni, Pramod Baron, Paul A. TI Bipolar diffusion charging of high-aspect ratio aerosols SO JOURNAL OF ELECTROSTATICS LA English DT Article DE Bipolar charging; High-aspect ratio aerosols; Mobility diameter; Aerodynamic diameter; Charging-equivalent diameter ID NONSPHERICAL PARTICLES; TRANSITION REGIME; ION ENVIRONMENT; CORONA CHARGER; UNIPOLAR; MOBILITY; MORPHOLOGY AB Recent studies have raised concerns over applicability of the conventional charging theories to non-spherical particles such as soot aggregates and single-walled carbon nanotube aerosols of complex shape and morphology. It is expected that the role of particle structure and shape on particle diffusion charging characteristics may be significant in the submicron size range for carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and nanofibers (CNFs). In this study, we report experimental data on equilibrium charging characteristics of high-aspect ratio aerosol particles such as CNFs and multi-walled CNTs (MWCNTs) when exposed to a bipolar ion atmosphere. A neutral fraction was measured, i.e., the fraction of particles carrying no electrical charge. A differential mobility analyzer (DMA) was used to classify aerosols, leaving a bipolar radioactive charger to infer the bipolar charging characteristics at different mobility diameters in the submicron size range. The measured neutral fractions for CNF aerosol particles were lower than the corresponding Boltzmann values by 24.4%, 42.0%, and 45.8% for mobility diameters of 400 nm, 600 nm, and 700 nm, respectively, while the neutral fractions for measured aerodynamic diameters of 221 nm, 242 nm, and 254 nm were much lower than those expected by Boltzmann charge distribution, by 43.8%, 63.1%, and 67.3%, respectively. Neutral fractions of spherical particles of polystyrene latex (PSL) and diethylhexyl sebacate (DEHS) particles, measured under identical experimental conditions and procedure, agreed well with the Boltzmann charge distribution. The measured neutral fractions for MWCNT aerosol particles were lower than the corresponding Boltzmann values by 22.3%-25.0% for mobility diameters in the size range from 279 nm to 594 nm. Charging-equivalent diameters of CNF particles correlated well with either mobility diameter or equal-area diameter, which were found to be larger than their mobility or equal-area diameters by up to a factor of 5 in the size range of 400 nm-700 nm, while those of MWCNT particles were larger than the corresponding diameters by a factor of 2 in the size range of 279 nm-594 rim. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Ku, Bon Ki; Deye, Gregory J.; Kulkarni, Pramod; Baron, Paul A.] NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. RP Ku, BK (reprint author), NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, 4676 Columbia Pkwy,MS-R3, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM BKu@cdc.gov FU National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health through the National Occupational Research Agenda NTRC funding [CAN 927ZBCL, CAN 927ZJLS] FX This work was funded by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health through the National Occupational Research Agenda NTRC funding (CAN 927ZBCL and CAN 927ZJLS). We would like to thank Ellen Galloway for editorial assistance. NR 29 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 20 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3886 J9 J ELECTROSTAT JI J. Electrost. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 69 IS 6 BP 641 EP 647 DI 10.1016/j.elstat.2011.08.006 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA 846XO UT WOS:000296936700027 ER PT J AU Etienne, KA Subudhi, CPK Chadwick, PR Settle, P Moise, J Magill, SS Chiller, T Balajee, SA AF Etienne, K. A. Subudhi, C. P. K. Chadwick, P. R. Settle, P. Moise, J. Magill, S. S. Chiller, T. Balajee, S. A. TI Investigation of a cluster of cutaneous aspergillosis in a neonatal intensive care unit SO JOURNAL OF HOSPITAL INFECTION LA English DT Article DE Molecular epidemiology; Neonatal; Outbreak; Primary cutaneous aspergillosis ID OUTBREAK; FUMIGATUS; SYSTEM AB Between December 2007 and July 2008, three neonates in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) in Salford, UK, were diagnosed with primary cutaneous aspergillosis (PCA) due to Aspergillus fumigatus. The first PCA case, in December 2007, developed multi-organ failure leading to death within a short time frame: the other two cases survived after treatment with intravenous antifungal therapy followed by oral posaconazole. Air, surface, and water samples were collected within the NICU and from the incubators that were occupied by the neonates. All recovered fungal isolates were confirmed as A. fumigatus by sequencing the beta-tubulin region. Microsatellite strain typing demonstrated genotypically related A. fumigatus isolates from the neonates and the humidity chambers (HCs) of the neonates' incubators, suggesting that the source of the infection may have been the HCs/incubators used in the NICU. Aspergillus strain typing may be a useful tool in clinical outbreak settings to help understand the source of exposure and to design targeted environmental interventions to prevent future infections. Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of the Healthcare Infection Society. C1 [Etienne, K. A.; Chiller, T.; Balajee, S. A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mycot Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Subudhi, C. P. K.; Chadwick, P. R.; Settle, P.; Moise, J.] Salford Royal NHS Fdn Trust, Salford, Lancs, England. [Magill, S. S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Balajee, SA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mycot Dis Branch, Mailstop G-11,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM Fir3@cdc.gov NR 16 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 6 PU W B SAUNDERS CO LTD PI LONDON PA 32 JAMESTOWN RD, LONDON NW1 7BY, ENGLAND SN 0195-6701 J9 J HOSP INFECT JI J. Hosp. Infect. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 79 IS 4 BP 344 EP 348 DI 10.1016/j.jhin.2011.06.012 PG 5 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 846QL UT WOS:000296918200013 PM 21840084 ER PT J AU Fowler, DN Faulkner, M AF Fowler, Dawnovise N. Faulkner, Monica TI Interventions targeting substance abuse among women survivors of intimate partner abuse: A meta-analysis SO JOURNAL OF SUBSTANCE ABUSE TREATMENT LA English DT Article DE Partner abuse; Violence; Substance abuse; Interventions ID COOCCURRING DISORDERS; DOMESTIC VIOLENCE; DRUG-TREATMENT; DEPENDENCE TREATMENT; COMMUNITY VIOLENCE; TREATMENT OUTCOMES; GENDER-DIFFERENCES; PROBLEM DRINKING; PTSD SYMPTOMS; TRAUMA AB In this article, meta-analytic techniques are used to examine existing intervention studies (n = 11) to determine their effects on substance abuse among female samples of intimate partner abuse (IPA) survivors. This research serves as a starting point for greater attention in research and practice to the implementation of evidence-based, integrated services to address co-occurring substance abuse and IPA victimization among women as major intersecting public health problems. The results show greater effects in three main areas. First, greater effect sizes exist in studies where larger numbers of women experienced current IPA. Second, studies with a lower mean age also showed greater effect sizes than studies with a higher mean age. Lastly, studies with smaller sample sizes have greater effects. This research helps to facilitate cohesion in the knowledge base on this topic, and the findings of this meta-analysis, in particular, contribute needed information to gaps in the literature on the level of promise of existing interventions to impact substance abuse in this underserved population. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Fowler, Dawnovise N.] Ctr Dis Control, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Faulkner, Monica] Univ Texas Austin, Sch Social Work, Austin, TX 78712 USA. RP Fowler, DN (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control, D3500, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM dnfowler71@yahoo.com NR 72 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 4 U2 18 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0740-5472 J9 J SUBST ABUSE TREAT JI J. Subst. Abus. Treat. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 41 IS 4 BP 386 EP 398 DI 10.1016/j.jsat.2011.06.001 PG 13 WC Psychology, Clinical; Substance Abuse SC Psychology; Substance Abuse GA 843QS UT WOS:000296687900007 PM 21757316 ER PT J AU Larocque, E Halin, M Landry, S Marriott, SJ Switzer, WM Barbeau, B AF Larocque, Emilie Halin, Marilene Landry, Sebastien Marriott, Susan J. Switzer, William M. Barbeau, Benoit TI Human T-Cell Lymphotropic Virus Type 3 (HTLV-3)- and HTLV-4-Derived Antisense Transcripts Encode Proteins with Similar Tax-Inhibiting Functions but Distinct Subcellular Localization SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID LONG TERMINAL REPEAT; BZIP FACTOR HBZ; NF-KAPPA-B; ZIPPER FACTOR HBZ; IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; NUCLEAR-LOCALIZATION; VIRAL TRANSCRIPTION; MOLECULAR-FEATURES; LGL LEUKEMIA; IN-VIVO AB The human T-cell lymphotropic virus (HTLV) retrovirus family is composed of the well-known HTLV type 1 (HTLV-1) and HTLV-2 and the most recently discovered HTLV-3 and HTLV-4. Like other retroviruses, HTLV-1 and HTLV-2 gene expression has been thought to be orchestrated through a single transcript. However, recent reports have demonstrated the unique potential of both HTLV-1 and HTLV-2 to produce an antisense transcript. Furthermore, these unexpected and newly identified transcripts lead to the synthesis of viral proteins termed HBZ (HTLV-1 basic leucine zipper) and APH-2 (antisense protein of HTLV-2), respectively. As potential open reading frames are present on the antisense strand of HTLV-3 and HTLV-4, we tested whether in vitro antisense transcription occurred in these viruses and whether these transcripts had a coding potential. Using HTLV-3 and HTLV-4 proviral DNA constructs, antisense transcripts were detected by reverse transcriptase PCR. These transcripts are spliced and polyadenylated and initiate at multiple sites from the 3' long terminal repeat (LTR). The resulting proteins, termed APH-3 and APH-4, are devoid of a typical basic leucine zipper domain but contain basic amino acid-rich regions. Confocal microscopy and Western blotting experiments demonstrated a nucleus-restricted pattern for APH-4, while APH-3 was localized both in the cytoplasm and in the nucleus. Both proteins showed partial colocalization with nucleoli and HBZ-associated structures. Finally, both proteins inhibited Tax1- and Tax3-mediated HTLV-1 and HTLV-3 LTR activation. These results further demonstrate that retroviral antisense transcription is not exclusive to HTLV-1 and HTLV-2 and that APH-3 and APH-4 could impact HTLV-3 and HTLV-4 replication. C1 [Larocque, Emilie; Halin, Marilene; Landry, Sebastien; Barbeau, Benoit] Univ Quebec, Dept Sci Biol, Montreal, PQ H2X 3X8, Canada. [Barbeau, Benoit] Univ Quebec, Ctr Rech BioMed, Montreal, PQ H2X 3X8, Canada. [Marriott, Susan J.] Baylor Coll Med, Dept Mol Virol & Microbiol, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Switzer, William M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Branch Lab, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Barbeau, B (reprint author), Univ Quebec, Dept Sci Biol, Room SB-R860,2080 St Urbain, Montreal, PQ H2X 3X8, Canada. EM barbeau.benoit@uqam.ca FU Cancer Research Society (CRS) Inc.; institutional Hydro-Quebec scholarship; CIHR FX This work was supported by a grant to B.B. from the Cancer Research Society (CRS) Inc. M. H. was supported by an institutional Hydro-Quebec scholarship, and S. L. held a CIHR Ph.D. scholarship. B. B. holds a Canada Research Chair in human retrovirology (Tier 2). NR 53 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0022-538X J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 85 IS 23 BP 12673 EP 12685 DI 10.1128/JVI.05296-11 PG 13 WC Virology SC Virology GA 843WU UT WOS:000296708100054 PM 21917984 ER PT J AU Lebouf, RF Stefaniak, AB Chen, BT Frazer, DG Virji, MA AF Lebouf, Ryan F. Stefaniak, Aleksandr B. Chen, Bean T. Frazer, David G. Virji, M. Abbas TI Measurement of airborne nanoparticle surface area using a filter-based gas adsorption method for inhalation toxicology experiments SO NANOTOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Nanoparticles; surface area; ultrafine titanium dioxide; sampling methodology ID TITANIUM-DIOXIDE NANOPARTICLES; CATEGORIZATION FRAMEWORK; EXPOSURE ASSESSMENT; PULMONARY RESPONSE; OXIDATIVE STRESS; EPITHELIAL-CELLS; FINE PARTICLES; ULTRAFINE; RATS; NANOMATERIALS AB Measurement of the surface area of airborne nanoparticles as administered to an experimental subject is critical for characterizing exposures during inhalation experiments. A filter-based surface area measurement methodology is described herein that allows for such determinations. Krypton gas adsorption was used to determine total particle surface area. Track-etched polycarbonate 0.4 mu m pore filters were chosen as the collection substrate for metal oxide particles due to their highly reproducible surface areas and low background weights. The subject nanomaterials included two different batches of ultrafine TiO2, TiO2 nanorods, and SiO2. The instrument detection limit for surface area was 200 cm(2) (0.02 m(2)). Ninety percent confidence interval estimates of method accuracy were 17.7-23.5% with a point estimate of 20.8%. The filter-based surface area measurement strategy is demonstrated to be a viable sampling and analysis methodology that provides much needed physical characterization information of particles as administered in an animal inhalation chamber. C1 [Lebouf, Ryan F.; Stefaniak, Aleksandr B.; Chen, Bean T.; Frazer, David G.; Virji, M. Abbas] NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. RP Lebouf, RF (reprint author), NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM rlebouf@cdc.gov RI Stefaniak, Aleksandr/I-3616-2012; LeBouf, Ryan/K-5478-2012 FU US Government FX The authors would like to thank Emanuele Cauda and Arthur L. Miller for their thorough review of this manuscript and Jared Cumpston and Eleanor Wade for assistance with sampling of the nanomaterials, as well as Matthew G. Duling for assistance with measurements. Financial support of this project was provided by the US Government. NR 35 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 12 PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE PI NEW YORK PA 52 VANDERBILT AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1743-5390 J9 NANOTOXICOLOGY JI Nanotoxicology PD DEC PY 2011 VL 5 IS 4 BP 687 EP 699 DI 10.3109/17435390.2010.546951 PG 13 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Toxicology SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Toxicology GA 842WS UT WOS:000296633100019 ER PT J AU Antonini, JM Keane, M Chen, BT Stone, S Roberts, JR Schwegler-Berry, D Andrews, RN Frazer, DG Sriram, K AF Antonini, James M. Keane, Michael Chen, Bean T. Stone, Samuel Roberts, Jenny R. Schwegler-Berry, Diane Andrews, Ronnee N. Frazer, David G. Sriram, Krishnan TI Alterations in welding process voltage affect the generation of ultrafine particles, fume composition, and pulmonary toxicity SO NANOTOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Welding fume; inhalation; lung burden; nanoparticles; pulmonary toxicity ID INHALATION EXPOSURE; LUNG INFLAMMATION; DEFENSE RESPONSES; MILD-STEEL; WELDERS; INJURY; CANCER; RATS; SOLUBILITY; MACROPHAGE AB The goal was to determine if increasing welding voltage changes the physico-chemical properties of the fume and influences lung responses. Rats inhaled 40 mg/m(3) (3 h/day x 3 days) of stainless steel (SS) welding fume generated at a standard voltage setting of 25 V (regular SS) or at a higher voltage (high voltage SS) of 30 V. Particle morphology, size and composition were characterized. Bronchoalveolar lavage was performed at different times after exposures to assess lung injury. Fumes collected from either of the welding conditions appeared as chain-like agglomerates of nanometer-sized primary particles. High voltage SS welding produced a greater number of ultrafine-sized particles. Fume generated by high voltage SS welding was higher in manganese. Pulmonary toxicity was more substantial and persisted longer after exposure to the regular SS fume. In summary, a modest raise in welding voltage affected fume size and elemental composition and altered the temporal lung toxicity profile. C1 [Antonini, James M.; Keane, Michael; Chen, Bean T.; Stone, Samuel; Roberts, Jenny R.; Schwegler-Berry, Diane; Frazer, David G.; Sriram, Krishnan] NIOSH, Hlth Effects Lab Div, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Andrews, Ronnee N.] NIOSH, Div Appl Res & Technol, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. RP Antonini, JM (reprint author), NIOSH, Hlth Effects Lab Div, 1095 Willowdale Rd,Mailstop 2015, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM jga6@cdc.gov FU National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) [NIOSH IA 97-04-05M12]; National Occupational Research Agenda (NORA) FX The authors thank Amy Moseley, Jared Cumpston and Donny Leonard from the inhalation exposure team for their expert technical assistance during the project, grant number: NIOSH IA 97-04-05M12. The authors also thank the National Toxicology Program for additional support during the development of the welding fume generator and exposure system.; Funding for the project was provided by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH, NIOSH IA 97-04-05M12) and the National Occupational Research Agenda (NORA). The authors report no conflict of interest. The authors alone are responsible for the content and writing of the paper. NR 34 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 6 PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE PI NEW YORK PA 52 VANDERBILT AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1743-5390 J9 NANOTOXICOLOGY JI Nanotoxicology PD DEC PY 2011 VL 5 IS 4 BP 700 EP 710 DI 10.3109/17435390.2010.550695 PG 11 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Toxicology SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Toxicology GA 842WS UT WOS:000296633100020 PM 21281223 ER PT J AU Schieve, LA Rice, C Devine, O Maenner, MJ Lee, LC Fitzgerald, R Wingate, MS Schendel, D Pettygrove, S Braun, KV Durkin, M AF Schieve, Laura A. Rice, Catherine Devine, Owen Maenner, Matthew J. Lee, Li-Ching Fitzgerald, Robert Wingate, Martha S. Schendel, Diana Pettygrove, Sydney Braun, Kim van Naarden Durkin, Maureen TI Have Secular Changes in Perinatal Risk Factors Contributed to the Recent Autism Prevalence Increase? Development and Application of a Mathematical Assessment Model SO ANNALS OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Autistic Disorder; Prevalence; Pregnancy; Risk Factors ID SPECTRUM DISORDERS; BIRTH-WEIGHT; OBSTETRIC COMPLICATIONS; INFANTILE-AUTISM; NEONATAL FACTORS; UNITED-STATES; CHILDREN; POPULATION; DIAGNOSIS; AGE AB BACKGROUND: A 57% increase in the U.S. prevalence of autism spectrum disorders (ASD) for 8-year-old children born in 1994 versus 1998 was recently reported. METHODS: To quantify the possible contributions of given risk/predictive factors on the recent ASD prevalence increase, we formulated a mathematical model based on the baseline risk factor prevalence (RFP), the proportionate change in RFP (cRFP), and the magnitude of the association between the risk factor and ASD [estimated relative risk (RR)]. We applied this model to several pregnancy-related factors (preterm, very preterm, low and very low birth weight, multiple birth, cesarean delivery, breech presentation, and assisted reproductive technology use). RFP and cRFP estimates for each factor were obtained from U.S. population-based surveillance datasets. Estimated RRs were obtained from a series of systematic literature reviews. RESULTS: We estimate that each risk factor examined, alone or in various combinations, accounted for a very small proportion (< 1%) of the ASD increase. Additionally, hypothetical scenarios indicate REP, cRFP, and RR all need to be sizable for a risk factor to appreciably influence ASD prevalence. CONCLUSIONS: Thus, although various pregnancy factors have been found to be associated with ASDs, the contribution of many of these factors to the recently observed ASD increase is likely minimal. Ann Epidemiol 2011;21:930-945. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Schieve, Laura A.; Rice, Catherine; Devine, Owen; Schendel, Diana; Braun, Kim van Naarden] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Maenner, Matthew J.; Durkin, Maureen] Univ Wisconsin, Waisman Ctr, Sch Med & Publ Hlth, Madison, WI 53705 USA. [Lee, Li-Ching] Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. [Fitzgerald, Robert] Washington Univ, Sch Med, St Louis, MO USA. [Wingate, Martha S.] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Sch Publ Hlth, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. [Pettygrove, Sydney] Univ Arizona, Mel & Enid Zuckerman Coll Publ Hlth, Tucson, AZ USA. RP Schieve, LA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, MS E-86,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM LSchieve@cdc.gov RI Durkin, Maureen/B-7834-2015; Rice, Catherine/D-6305-2016 FU NICHD NIH HHS [P30 HD003352] NR 66 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 5 U2 17 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1047-2797 J9 ANN EPIDEMIOL JI Ann. Epidemiol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 21 IS 12 BP 930 EP 945 DI 10.1016/j.annepidem.2011.08.009 PG 16 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 844NX UT WOS:000296755400009 PM 22000328 ER PT J AU Suarthana, E Laney, AS Storey, E Hale, JM Attfield, MD AF Suarthana, Eva Laney, A. Scott Storey, Eileen Hale, Janet M. Attfield, Michael D. TI Coal workers' pneumoconiosis in the United States: regional differences 40 years after implementation of the 1969 Federal Coal Mine Health and Safety Act SO OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID DUST EXPOSURE; PREVALENCE; VIRGINIA AB Objective To assess whether the recent increases in the prevalence of coal workers' pneumoconiosis (CWP) in the USA reflect increased measured exposures over recent decades, and to identify other potential causative factors. Methods The observed CWP prevalence was calculated for 12 408 underground coal miner participants in the Coal Workers' Health Surveillance Program for the period 2005-2009, stratified by the Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA) geographical districts. The predicted prevalence was estimated using a published exposure-response model from a large epidemiological study among US coal miners using dust exposure, tenure, miner's age and coal rank as predictors. chi(2) Testing was performed to compare the observed versus predicted CWP prevalence. Results Observed prevalence was significantly higher than predicted prevalence in MSHA districts 4-7 (central Appalachian region) (10.1% vs 4.2%; prevalence ratio (PR) 2.4; p<0.001) and significantly lower than predicted in other regions (1.6% vs 3.6%; PR 0.4; p<0.001). The central Appalachian region had a significantly older workforce with greater mining tenure, a lower proportion of mines with 200 or more employees, and lower seam heights. Significant lower average compliance dust concentrations were reported for this region. Conclusion The observed CWP prevalence substantially exceeded predicted levels in central Appalachia. However, the increased prevalence was not explained by the measured levels of dust exposures. Likely contributing factors include mine size and low seam mining, which may be associated with higher exposure to silica. Further study is needed to characterise the responsible factors for the elevated CWP rates in central Appalachia. C1 [Suarthana, Eva; Laney, A. Scott; Storey, Eileen; Hale, Janet M.; Attfield, Michael D.] NIOSH, Div Resp Dis Studies, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Suarthana, Eva] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv Program, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Suarthana, E (reprint author), NIOSH, Div Resp Dis Studies, 1095 Willowdale Rd,Room 2806, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM esuarthana@cdc.gov RI Banks, Tamara/G-3007-2012 NR 21 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 14 PU B M J PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 1351-0711 J9 OCCUP ENVIRON MED JI Occup. Environ. Med. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 68 IS 12 BP 908 EP 913 DI 10.1136/oem.2010.063594 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 845AG UT WOS:000296794600009 PM 21597107 ER PT J AU Burt, S Crombie, K Jin, Y Wurzelbacher, S Ramsey, J Deddens, J AF Burt, Susan Crombie, Ken Jin, Yan Wurzelbacher, Steve Ramsey, Jessica Deddens, James TI Workplace and individual risk factors for carpal tunnel syndrome SO OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID WASHINGTON-STATE; HAND ACTIVITY; WORK; OCCUPATION; REPETITION; EXPOSURE; FORCE; WRIST; TASKS AB Objectives To quantify the relationship between workplace physical factors, particularly hand activity level (HAL) and forceful exertion and carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS), while taking into account individual factors. To compare quantitative exposure assessment measures with more practical ratings-based measures. Methods In a group of healthcare and manufacturing workers, each study participant's job tasks were evaluated for HAL, forceful exertion and other physical stressors and videotaped for further analysis, including frequency and duration of exertion and postural deviation. Electrodiagnostic testing of median and ulnar nerves and questionnaires were administered to all participants. A CTS case required median mononeuropathy and symptoms on hand diagrams in fingers 1-3. Multiple logistic regression models were used to analyse associations between job and individual factors and CTS. Results Of 477 workers studied, 57 (11.9%) were dominant hand CTS cases. Peak force >= 70% maximum voluntary contraction versus <20% maximum voluntary contraction resulted in an OR of 2.74 (1.32-5.68) for CTS. Among those with a body mass index >= 30, the OR for >= 15 exertions per minute was 3.35 (1.14-9.87). Peak worker ratings of perceived exertion increased the odds for CTS by 1.14 (1.01-1.29) for each unit increase on the 10-point scale. The odds for CTS increased by 1.38 (1.05-1.81) for each unit increase on the HAL 10-point scale among men, but not women. Combined force and HAL values above the ACGIH TLV for HAL resulted in an OR of 2.96 (1.51-5.80) for CTS. Discussion/Conclusions Quantitative and ratings-based job exposure measures were each associated with CTS. Obesity increased the association between frequency of exertion and CTS. C1 [Burt, Susan; Jin, Yan; Wurzelbacher, Steve] NIOSH, Industrywide Studies Branch, Div Surveillance Hazard Evaluat & Field Studies, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Crombie, Ken] USDA, US Food Safety & Inspect Serv, Beltsville, MD 20705 USA. [Ramsey, Jessica] NIOSH, Hazard Evaluat & Tech Assistance Branch, Div Surveillance Hazard Evaluat & Field Studies, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Deddens, James] Univ Cincinnati, Dept Math Sci, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. RP Burt, S (reprint author), NIOSH, Industrywide Studies Branch, Div Surveillance Hazard Evaluat & Field Studies, 4676 Columbia Pkwy,Mail Stop R-15, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM sburt@cdc.gov OI Burt, Susan/0000-0002-4353-9773 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, National Occupational Research Agenda (NORA I) FX This study was funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, as part of the National Occupational Research Agenda (NORA I) research program in 2000. NR 40 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 7 PU B M J PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 1351-0711 J9 OCCUP ENVIRON MED JI Occup. Environ. Med. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 68 IS 12 BP 928 EP 933 DI 10.1136/oem.2010.063677 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 845AG UT WOS:000296794600012 PM 21613639 ER PT J AU Rhodes, SD Fernandez, FM Leichliter, JS Vissman, AT Duck, S O'Brien, MC Miller, C Wilkin, AM Harris, GA Hostetler, DM Bloom, FR AF Rhodes, Scott D. Fernandez, Facundo M. Leichliter, Jami S. Vissman, Aaron T. Duck, Stacy O'Brien, Mary Claire Miller, Cindy Wilkin, Aimee M. Harris, Glenn A. Hostetler, Dana M. Bloom, Fred R. TI Medications for Sexual Health Available from Non-Medical Sources: A Need for Increased Access to Healthcare and Education Among Immigrant Latinos in the Rural Southeastern USA SO JOURNAL OF IMMIGRANT AND MINORITY HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Latino; Sexual health; Medication; Southeastern USA; Viagra; Transgender ID HIV; MEN AB This study documented the types and quality of sexual health medications obtained by immigrant Latinos from non-medical sources. Samples of the medications were purchased from non-medical sources in the rural Southeast by trained native Spanish-speaking "buyers". Medications were screened the presence of active pharmaceutical ingredients using mass spectrometry. Eleven medications were purchased from tiendas and community members. Six were suggested to treat sexually transmitted diseases, one was to treat sexual dysfunction, one was to prevent pregnancy, and two were to assist in male-to-female transgender transition or maintenance. All medications contained the stated active ingredients. Findings suggest that medications are available from non-medical sources and may not be used as indicated. Interventions that target immigrant Latinos within their communities and rely on existing structures may be effective in reducing barriers to medical and healthcare services and increasing the proper use of medications to reduce potential harm. C1 [Rhodes, Scott D.; Vissman, Aaron T.; O'Brien, Mary Claire; Miller, Cindy] Wake Forest Univ, Bowman Gray Sch Med, Dept Social Sci & Hlth Policy, Div Publ Hlth Sci, Winston Salem, NC 27157 USA. [Rhodes, Scott D.; Wilkin, Aimee M.] Wake Forest Univ, Bowman Gray Sch Med, Dept Internal Med, Winston Salem, NC 27157 USA. [Fernandez, Facundo M.; Harris, Glenn A.; Hostetler, Dana M.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Chem & Biochem, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Leichliter, Jami S.; Bloom, Fred R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Duck, Stacy] Chatham Social Hlth Council, Siler City, NC USA. [O'Brien, Mary Claire] Wake Forest Univ, Bowman Gray Sch Med, Dept Emergency Med, Winston Salem, NC 27157 USA. RP Rhodes, SD (reprint author), Wake Forest Univ, Bowman Gray Sch Med, Dept Social Sci & Hlth Policy, Div Publ Hlth Sci, Med Ctr Blvd, Winston Salem, NC 27157 USA. EM srhodes@wfubmc.edu RI Fernandez, Facundo/B-7015-2008 FU PHS HHS [02885-08] NR 18 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 4 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1557-1912 J9 J IMMIGR MINOR HEALT JI J. Immigr. Minor. Health PD DEC PY 2011 VL 13 IS 6 BP 1183 EP 1186 DI 10.1007/s10903-010-9396-7 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 839JO UT WOS:000296361700028 PM 20890659 ER PT J AU Nakata, A Takahashi, M Irie, M AF Nakata, Akinori Takahashi, Masaya Irie, Masahiro TI Effort-reward imbalance, overcommitment, and cellular immune measures among white-collar employees SO BIOLOGICAL PSYCHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Effort-reward imbalance; Overcommitment; Immune system; Natural killer cell; B cell; Psychoneuroimmunology; Work condition; Job stress, Chronic stress ID BETA-ADRENERGIC RECEPTORS; CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE; PERCEIVED JOB STRESS; NATURAL-KILLER-CELLS; ELECTRIC-POWER PLANT; WORK CONDITIONS; BLOOD-PRESSURE; PSYCHOLOGICAL STRESS; INFLAMMATORY MARKERS; CHLAMYDIA-PNEUMONIAE AB We investigated whether chronic job stress, i.e., effort-reward imbalance (ERI) and overcommitment is associated with cellular immunity among 190 male and 157 female white-collar daytime employees (mean age 38; range 22-69 years). Participants provided a blood sample for the measurement of circulating immune (natural killer (NK), B. and T) cell counts and NK cell cytotoxicity (NKCC) and completed a questionnaire survey during April to June 2002. Stepwise multiple linear regression analyses revealed that NK cells were associated with effort (beta = -230: p = .013), reward (beta = .169: p = .047), and ERI (beta = -.182; p = .047) scores but not with overcommitment in men; reward score was positively associated with NKCC (beta = .167; p = .049) and inversely associated with B cells (beta = -.181; p = .030). No significant associations were found in women. Although the picture remains less clear in women, our findings suggest a potential immunological pathway linking adverse working conditions and stress-related disorders in men. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Nakata, Akinori] NIOSH, Div Appl Res & Technol, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Irie, Masahiro] Kyushu Univ, Inst Hlth Sci, Fukuoka 812, Japan. RP Nakata, A (reprint author), NIOSH, Div Appl Res & Technol, 4676 Columbia Pkwy,MS-C24, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM cji5@cdc.gov FU National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, Japan FX This study was partly supported by the research grant from the National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health, Japan. NR 78 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 17 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0301-0511 J9 BIOL PSYCHOL JI Biol. Psychol. PD DEC PY 2011 VL 88 IS 2-3 BP 270 EP 279 DI 10.1016/j.biopsycho.2011.08.012 PG 10 WC Psychology, Biological; Behavioral Sciences; Psychology; Psychology, Experimental SC Psychology; Behavioral Sciences GA 838FA UT WOS:000296271000015 PM 21889570 ER PT J AU Iwane, MK Prill, MM Lu, XY Miller, EK Edwards, KM Hall, CB Griffin, MR Staat, MA Anderson, LJ Williams, JV Weinberg, GA Ali, A Szilagyi, PG Zhu, YW Erdman, DD AF Iwane, Marika K. Prill, Mila M. Lu, Xiaoyan Miller, E. Kathryn Edwards, Kathryn M. Hall, Caroline B. Griffin, Marie R. Staat, Mary A. Anderson, Larry J. Williams, John V. Weinberg, Geoffrey A. Ali, Asad Szilagyi, Peter G. Zhu, Yuwei Erdman, Dean D. TI Human Rhinovirus Species Associated With Hospitalizations for Acute Respiratory Illness in Young US Children SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID LOWER AIRWAYS; INFECTIONS; ASTHMA; INFLUENZA; LIFE; EXACERBATION; PERSISTENCE; FAMILIES; INFANTS; VIRUSES AB Background. The contribution of human rhinovirus (HRV) to severe acute respiratory illness (ARI) is unclear. Objective. To assess the association between HRV species detection and ARI hospitalizations. Methods. Children,5 years old hospitalized for ARI were prospectively enrolled between December 2003 and April 2005 in 3 US counties. Asymptomatic controls were enrolled between December 2003 and March 2004 and between October 2004 and April 2005 in clinics. Nasal and throat swab samples were tested for HRV and other viruses (ie, respiratory syncytial virus, human metapneumovirus, parainfluenza virus, and influenza virus) by reverse-transcription-polymerase chain reaction, and genetic sequencing identified HRV species and types. HRV species detection was compared between controls and patients hospitalized during months in which controls were enrolled. Results. A total of 1867 children with 1947 ARI hospitalizations and 784 controls with 790 clinic visits were enrolled and tested for HRV. The HRV-A detection rate among participants >= 24 months old was 8.1% in the hospitalized group and 2.2% in the control group (P = .009), and the HRV-C detection rates among those >= 6 months old were 8.2% and 3.9%, respectively (P = .002); among younger children, the detection rates for both species were similar between groups. The HRV-B detection rate was <= 1%. A broad diversity of HRV types was observed in both groups. Clinical presentations were similar among HRV species. Compared with children infected with other viruses, children with HRV detected were similar for severe hospital outcomes and more commonly had histories or diagnoses of asthma or wheezing. Conclusions. HRV-A and HRV-C were associated with ARI hospitalization and serious illness outcomes. C1 [Iwane, Marika K.; Prill, Mila M.; Lu, Xiaoyan; Erdman, Dean D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Anderson, Larry J.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Atlanta, GA USA. [Miller, E. Kathryn; Edwards, Kathryn M.; Williams, John V.; Ali, Asad] Vanderbilt Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Nashville, TN 37232 USA. [Griffin, Marie R.] Vanderbilt Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Prevent Med, Nashville, TN 37232 USA. [Zhu, Yuwei] Vanderbilt Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Biostat, Nashville, TN 37232 USA. [Hall, Caroline B.; Weinberg, Geoffrey A.; Szilagyi, Peter G.] Univ Rochester, Sch Med & Dent, Dept Pediat, New York, NY USA. [Staat, Mary A.] Cincinnati Childrens Hosp Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Cincinnati, OH USA. RP Iwane, MK (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS A34, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM miwane@cdc.gov RI Williams, John/F-6962-2010 OI Williams, John/0000-0001-8377-5175 FU CDC; National Vaccine Program Office [U38/CCU217969, U01/IP000017, U38/CCU417958, U01/IP000022, U38/CCU522352, U01/IP000147]; Novartis; MedImmune; Merck; GlaxoSmithKline; Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society-MedImmune FX The work was supported by the CDC and in part by the National Vaccine Program Office (cooperative agreements U38/CCU217969, U01/IP000017, U38/CCU417958, U01/IP000022, U38/CCU522352, and U01/IP000147).; K. M. E. received grant funding from Novartis and previously was a consultant to NexBio. M. R. G. received grant funding from MedImmune. G. A. W. was on speaker's bureaus of Merck, GlaxoSmithKline and Sanofi-Pasteur. C. B. H. has been on a MedImmune Advisory Board and is a consultant for MedImmune. J. V. W. has served as a consultant for MedImmune and Quidel. M. A. S. had funding from MedImmune for RSV studies, was on the MedImmune Advisory Board, and had funding from Merck and GlaxoSmithKline for rotavirus presentations and from GlaxoSmithKline for infectious disease studies. L. J. A. has been a consultant for Novartis, MedImmune, and LigoCyte Pharmaceuticals, Inc. A. A. received a 2008 Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society-MedImmune fellowship. All other authors report no potential conflicts. All authors have submitted the ICMJE Form for Disclosure of Potential Conflicts of Interest. Conflicts that the editors consider relevant to the content of the manuscript have been disclosed. NR 32 TC 94 Z9 98 U1 0 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD DEC 1 PY 2011 VL 204 IS 11 BP 1702 EP 1710 DI 10.1093/infdis/jir634 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 838MZ UT WOS:000296297900009 PM 22013207 ER PT J AU Dye, BA Barker, LK Li, XF Lewis, BG Beltran-Aguilar, ED AF Dye, Bruce A. Barker, Laurie K. Li, Xiafen Lewis, Brenda G. Beltran-Aguilar, Eugenio D. TI Overview and quality assurance for the oral health component of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), 2005-08 SO JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH DENTISTRY LA English DT Article DE NHANES; oral health; data reliability; epidemiology; oral examinations; quality assurance; dental public health AB The oral health component for the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) was changed in 2005 from an examination conducted by dentists to an oral health screening conducted by health technologists rather than dental professionals. The oral health screening included a person-based assessment for dental caries, restorations, and sealants. This report provides oral health content information and presents results of data quality analyses that include dental examiner reliability statistics for data collected during NHANES 2005-08. Oral health data are available on 15,342 persons aged 5 years and older representing the civilian, noninstitutionalized population of the United States who participated in NHANES 2005-08. Overall, interrater reliability findings indicate that health technologist performance was excellent with concordance between examination teams and the survey reference examiner being almost perfect for a number of assessments. Concordance for dental caries and sealants (kappa statistics) between health technologists and the survey reference examiner ranged from 0.82 to 0.90 for the combined 4-year period. These findings support the use of health technologists in the assessment of person-based estimators of dental caries and sealant prevalence as part of an oral health surveillance system. C1 [Dye, Bruce A.; Li, Xiafen; Lewis, Brenda G.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. [Barker, Laurie K.; Beltran-Aguilar, Eugenio D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Oral Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Dye, BA (reprint author), CDC NCHS NHANES Program, 3311 Toledo Rd,RM 4416, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. EM bfd1@cdc.gov FU CDC/National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Division of Oral Health; CDC/National Center for Health Statistics FX The 2005-08 NHANES oral health component was a funding and content collaborative effort between CDC/National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Division of Oral Health and the CDC/National Center for Health Statistics. NR 14 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 2 U2 8 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0022-4006 J9 J PUBLIC HEALTH DENT JI J. Public Health Dent. PD WIN PY 2011 VL 71 IS 1 BP 54 EP 61 DI 10.1111/j.1752-7325.2010.00202.x PG 8 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 737GR UT WOS:000288557600008 PM 21667544 ER PT J AU O'Connell, JM Griffin, S AF O'Connell, Joan M. Griffin, Susan TI Overview of methods in economic analyses of behavioral interventions to promote oral health SO JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH DENTISTRY LA English DT Article DE oral health; behavioral interventions; costs; cost-effectiveness; financial sustainability ID QUALITY-OF-LIFE; SOCIOECONOMIC MULTICULTURAL AREA; COMMUNITY WATER FLUORIDATION; COST-EFFECTIVENESS; PRESCHOOL-CHILDREN; OUTREACH PROGRAM; CARIES; BENEFIT; CARE; OVERDENTURES AB Background: Broad adoption of interventions that prove effective in randomized clinical trials or comparative effectiveness research may depend to a great extent on their costs and cost-effectiveness (CE). Many studies of behavioral health interventions for oral health promotion and disease prevention lack robust economic assessments of costs and CE. Objective: To describe methodologies employed to assess intervention costs, potential savings, net costs, CE, and the financial sustainability of behavioral health interventions to promote oral health. Methods: We provide an overview of terminology and strategies for conducting economic evaluations of behavioral interventions to improve oral health based on the recommendations of the Panel of Cost-Effectiveness in Health and Medicine. To illustrate these approaches, we summarize methodologies and findings from a limited number of published studies. The strategies include methods for assessing intervention costs, potential savings, net costs, CE, and financial sustainability from various perspectives (e.g., health-care provider, health system, health payer, employer, society). Statistical methods for estimating short-term and long-term economic outcomes and for examining the sensitivity of economic outcomes to cost parameters are described. Discussion: Through the use of established protocols for evaluating costs and savings, it is possible to assess and compare intervention costs, net costs, CE, and financial sustainability. The addition of economic outcomes to outcomes reflecting effectiveness, appropriateness, acceptability, and organizational sustainability strengthens evaluations of oral health interventions and increases the potential that those found to be successful in research settings will be disseminated more broadly. C1 [O'Connell, Joan M.] Univ Colorado Denver, Ctr Amer Indian, Aurora, CO 80045 USA. [O'Connell, Joan M.] Univ Colorado Denver, Ctr Alaska Native Hlth, Colorado Sch Publ Hlth, Aurora, CO 80045 USA. [Griffin, Susan] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Oral Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. RP O'Connell, JM (reprint author), Univ Colorado Denver, Ctr Amer Indian, Aurora, CO 80045 USA. EM joan.oconnell@ucdenver.edu FU NIDCR FX JMO has received an NIDCR grant and received an honorarium from NIDCR for writing or reviewing this manuscript. SG declares no conflict of interest. NR 61 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 13 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0022-4006 J9 J PUBLIC HEALTH DENT JI J. Public Health Dent. PD WIN PY 2011 VL 71 SU 1 BP S101 EP S118 DI 10.1111/j.1752-7325.2011.00236.x PG 18 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 737GV UT WOS:000288558000026 PM 21656966 ER PT J AU Ricks, PM Cain, KP Oeltmann, JE Kammerer, JS Moonan, PK AF Ricks, Philip M. Cain, Kevin P. Oeltmann, John E. Kammerer, J. Steve Moonan, Patrick K. TI Estimating the Burden of Tuberculosis among Foreign-Born Persons Acquired Prior to Entering the US, 2005-2009 SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID COST-EFFECTIVENESS ANALYSIS; UNITED-STATES; LATENT TUBERCULOSIS; MYCOBACTERIUM-TUBERCULOSIS; CONTACT INVESTIGATIONS; MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY; COUNTRIES; TRANSMISSION; IMMIGRATION; INFECTION AB Background: The true burden of reactivation of remote latent tuberculosis infection (reactivation TB) among foreign-born persons with tuberculosis (TB) within the United States is not known. Our study objectives were to estimate the proportion of foreign-born persons with TB due reactivation TB and to describe characteristics of foreign-born persons with reactivation TB. Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study of patients with an M. tuberculosis isolate genotyped by the U. S. National TB Genotyping Service, 2005-2009. TB cases were attributed to reactivation TB if they were not a member of a localized cluster of cases. Localized clusters were determined by a spatial scan statistic of cases with isolates with matching TB genotype results. Crude odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were used to assess relations between reactivation TB and select factors among foreign-born persons. Main Results: Among the 36,860 cases with genotyping and surveillance data reported, 22,151 (60%) were foreign-born. Among foreign-born persons with TB, 18,540 (83.7%) were attributed to reactivation TB. Reactivation TB among foreign-born persons was associated with increasing age at arrival, incidence of TB in the country of origin, and decreased time in the U. S. at the time of TB diagnosis. Conclusions: Four out of five TB cases among foreign-born persons can be attributed to reactivation TB and present the largest challenge to TB elimination in the U. S. TB control strategies among foreign-born persons should focus on finding and treating latent tuberculosis infection prior to or shortly after arrival to the United States and on reducing the burden of LTBI through improvements in global TB control. C1 [Ricks, Philip M.; Cain, Kevin P.; Oeltmann, John E.; Kammerer, J. Steve; Moonan, Patrick K.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Ricks, PM (reprint author), US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM pmoonan@cdc.gov RI Moonan, Patrick/F-4307-2014; OI Moonan, Patrick/0000-0002-3550-2065 NR 47 TC 43 Z9 45 U1 1 U2 8 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD NOV 29 PY 2011 VL 6 IS 11 AR e27405 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0027405 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 863LT UT WOS:000298166300004 PM 22140439 ER PT J AU Pitzer, VE Patel, MM Lopman, BA Viboud, C Parashar, UD Grenfell, BT AF Pitzer, Virginia E. Patel, Manish M. Lopman, Ben A. Viboud, Cecile Parashar, Umesh D. Grenfell, Bryan T. TI Modeling rotavirus strain dynamics in developed countries to understand the potential impact of vaccination on genotype distributions SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE mathematical modeling; transmission dynamics; strain replacement ID TRANSMISSION DYNAMICS; UNITED-STATES; IMMUNOLOGICAL DETERMINANTS; MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY; DEPENDENT ENHANCEMENT; CROSS-IMMUNITY; GROUP-A; INFLUENZA; INFECTION; EVOLUTION AB Understanding how immunity shapes the dynamics of multistrain pathogens is essential in determining the selective pressures imposed by vaccines. There is currently much interest in elucidating the strain dynamics of rotavirus to determine whether vaccination may lead to the replacement of vaccine-type strains. In developed countries, G1P[8] strains constitute the majority of rotavirus infections most years, but occasionally other genotypes dominate for reasons that are not well understood. We developed a mathematical model to examine the interaction of five common rotavirus genotypes. We explored a range of estimates for the relative strength of homotypic vs. heterotypic immunity and compared model predictions against observed genotype patterns from six countries. We then incorporated vaccination in the model to examine its impact on rotavirus incidence and the distribution of strains. Our model can explain the coexistence and cyclical pattern in the distribution of genotypes observed in most developed countries. The predicted frequency of cycling depends on the relative strength of homotypic vs. heterotypic immunity. Vaccination that provides strong protection against G1 and weaker protection against other strains will likely lead to an increase in the relative prevalence of non-G1 strains, whereas a vaccine that provides equally strong immunity against all strains may promote the continued predominance of G1. Overall, however, disease incidence is expected to be substantially reduced under both scenarios and remain below prevaccination levels despite the possible emergence of new strains. Better understanding of homotypic vs. heterotypic immunity, both natural and vaccine-induced, will be critical in predicting the impact of vaccination. C1 [Pitzer, Virginia E.; Grenfell, Bryan T.] Princeton Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Grenfell, Bryan T.] Princeton Univ, Woodrow Wilson Sch Publ & Int Affairs, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Pitzer, Virginia E.; Viboud, Cecile; Grenfell, Bryan T.] NIH, Fogarty Int Ctr, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Patel, Manish M.; Lopman, Ben A.; Parashar, Umesh D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidemiol Branch, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Pitzer, VE (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. EM vepitzer@princeton.edu OI Pitzer, Virginia/0000-0003-1015-2289 FU National Institutes of Health [R01 GM083983-01]; Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation; Research and Policy for Infectious Disease Dynamics (RAPIDD) of the Science and Technology Directorate, Department of Homeland Security; Fogarty International Center, National Institutes of Health FX This work was supported by National Institutes of Health Grant R01 GM083983-01, the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, and the Research and Policy for Infectious Disease Dynamics (RAPIDD) program of the Science and Technology Directorate, Department of Homeland Security, and the Fogarty International Center, National Institutes of Health (V. E. P and B. G.). The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). NR 57 TC 35 Z9 36 U1 3 U2 15 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD NOV 29 PY 2011 VL 108 IS 48 BP 19353 EP 19358 DI 10.1073/pnas.1110507108 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 853ZB UT WOS:000297463100053 PM 22084114 ER PT J AU Davis, MM Butchart, AT Wheeler, JRC Coleman, MS Singer, DC Freed, GL AF Davis, Matthew M. Butchart, Amy T. Wheeler, John R. C. Coleman, Margaret S. Singer, Dianne C. Freed, Gary L. TI Failure-to-success ratios, transition probabilities and phase lengths for prophylactic vaccines versus other pharmaceuticals in the development pipeline SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Vaccine; Prophylactic; Research; Industry; Failure; Success ID DRUG DEVELOPMENT; INNOVATION; PRICE; COST AB Research and development of prophylactic vaccines carries a high risk of failure. In the past, industry experts have asserted that vaccines are riskier to produce than other pharmaceuticals. This assertion has not been critically examined. We assessed outcomes in pharmaceutical research and development from 1995 to 2011, using a global pharmaceutical database to identify prophylactic vaccines versus other pharmaceuticals in preclinical, Phase I, Phase II, or Phase III stages of development. Over 16 years of follow-up for 4367 products (132 prophylactic vaccines; 4235 other pharmaceuticals), we determined the failure-to-success ratios for prophylactic vaccines versus all other products. The overall ratio of failures to successes for prophylactic vaccines for the 1995 cohort over 16 years of follow-up was 8.3(116/14) versus 7.7 (3650/475) for other pharmaceuticals. The probability of advancing through the development pipeline at each point was not significantly different for prophylactic vaccines than for other pharmaceuticals. Phase length was significantly longer for prophylactic vaccines than other pharmaceuticals for preclinical development (3.70 years vs 2.80 years; p <.0001), but was equivalent for all 3 human clinical trial phases between the two groups. We conclude that failure rates, phase transition probabilities, and most phase lengths for prophylactic vaccines are not significantly different from those of other pharmaceutical products, which may partially explain rapidly growing interest in prophylactic vaccines among major pharmaceutical manufacturers. (C) 2011 Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Davis, Matthew M.; Butchart, Amy T.; Singer, Dianne C.; Freed, Gary L.] Univ Michigan, Child Hlth Evaluat & Res Unit, Div Gen Pediat, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Davis, Matthew M.] Univ Michigan, Div Gen Internal Med, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Davis, Matthew M.] Univ Michigan, Gerald R Ford Sch Publ Policy, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Wheeler, John R. C.; Freed, Gary L.] Univ Michigan, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Management & Policy, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Davis, Matthew M.; Coleman, Margaret S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global Migrat & Quarantine, Natl Ctr Emerging Zoonot & Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Davis, MM (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Child Hlth Evaluat & Res Unit, Div Gen Pediat, 300 NIB,6C23, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. EM mattdav@med.umich.edu FU National Center for Influenza and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX This study was funded by the National Center for Influenza and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The authors had complete control of the study data and take full responsibility for the study analyses and presentation of findings. NR 8 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD NOV 28 PY 2011 VL 29 IS 51 BP 9414 EP 9416 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.09.128 PG 3 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 868NC UT WOS:000298529000002 PM 22001883 ER PT J AU Brown, C Clayton-Boswell, H Chaves, SS Prill, MM Iwane, MK Szilagyi, PG Edwards, KM Staat, MA Weinberg, GA Fairbrother, G Hall, CB Zhu, YW Bridges, CB AF Brown, Cedric Clayton-Boswell, Haley Chaves, Sandra S. Prill, Mila M. Iwane, Marika K. Szilagyi, Peter G. Edwards, Kathryn M. Staat, Mary A. Weinberg, Geoffrey A. Fairbrother, Gerry Hall, Caroline B. Zhu, Yuwei Bridges, Carolyn B. CA NVSN TI Validity of parental report of influenza vaccination in young children seeking medical care SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Sensitivity; Specificity; Validity; Parental report; Influenza vaccination ID UNITED-STATES; A H1N1; BURDEN; HOSPITALIZATIONS; COVERAGE; INFANTS; DISEASE AB Background: Despite frequent use of self-reported information to determine pediatric influenza vaccination coverage, little data are available on the validity of parental reporting of their child's influenza vaccination status and on factors affecting its accuracy. Methods: We compared parent reported influenza vaccination of children to documented reports of vaccination collected from medical records (the criterion standard) among children aged 6-59 months who presented to selected hospitals, emergency departments, and clinics in three U.S. counties with acute respiratory illness during three influenza seasons (November through May of 2004-2007). Demographic and epidemiologic data were collected from chart reviews and parental surveys. Results: Among 3072 children aged 6-59 months, 47.5% were reported by the parent to have received influenza vaccine and 39.5% of children had medical record verification of influenza vaccination. Sensitivity and specificity of parental reporting was 92.1% and 82.3%, respectively, when compared to the immunization record. However, 17.7% of children whose parents reported vaccination had no influenza vaccination documented in their medical records, and this proportion was even higher at 28.6%, among children with an underlying high-risk medical condition. Greater reporting accuracy was associated with younger age of child (6-23 months vs. 24-59 months), white non-Hispanic race/ethnicity, having health insurance, and having a mother with a college education. Conclusions: Our findings indicate that although parental report of influenza vaccination is fairly reliable (similar to 76-96%), over reporting by parents often occurs and immunization record review remains the preferable method for determining vaccination status in children. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Brown, Cedric; Chaves, Sandra S.; Prill, Mila M.; Iwane, Marika K.; Bridges, Carolyn B.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Clayton-Boswell, Haley] Vanderbilt Univ Sch Med, VICTR, Nashville, TN USA. [Szilagyi, Peter G.; Weinberg, Geoffrey A.; Hall, Caroline B.] Univ Rochester Sch Med & Dent, Dept Pediat, Rochester, NY USA. [Edwards, Kathryn M.; Zhu, Yuwei] Vanderbilt Univ Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Nashville, TN USA. [Staat, Mary A.; Fairbrother, Gerry] Cincinnati Childrens Hosp Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Cincinnati, OH USA. RP Brown, C (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mailstop A-34, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM cbrown1@cdc.gov FU Novartis; Medlmmune for RSV studies; US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [U38/CCU217969, U01/IP000017, U38/CCU417958, U01/IP000022, U38/CCU522352, U01/IP000147]; CDC FX Contributions: Mr. Brown had full access to all of the data in the study and takes responsibility for the integrity of the data and the accuracy of the data analysis. Study concept and design: Brown, Clayton-Boswell, Bridges, Iwane. Acquisition of data: Edwards, Szilagyi, Staat, Zhu. Analysis and interpretation of data: Brown, Clayton-Boswell, Bridges, Chaves, Prill, Iwane. Drafting of the manuscript: Clayton-Boswell, Brown, Chaves, Iwane, Prill, Bridges. Critical revision of the manuscript for important intellectual content: Brown, Clayton-Boswell, Chaves, Iwane, Bridges, Prill, Szilagyi, Edwards, Staat, Weinberg, Fairbrother, Hall, Zhu. Statistical analysis: Brown. Obtained funding: Edwards, Szilagyi, Staat. Administrative, technical, or material support: Edwards, Szilagyi, Staat, Fairbrother, Iwane, Prill, Zhu. Study supervision: Brown. Chaves, Iwane, Bridges. Conflicts of interest: The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest except for the follow financial disclosures. Financial disclosures: The following authors have made disclosure: K. Edwards received grant funding from Novartis. G. Weinberg was on speaker's bureaus of Merck. GlaxoSmithKline and Sanofi Pasteur. M. Staat had funding from MedImmune for RSV studies and was on the MedImmune Advisory Board. C. Hall has been on a MedImmune Advisory Board and is a consultant to MedImmune. Funding/support: The work was supported by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [cooperative agreement numbers U38/CCU217969, U01/IP000017, U38/CCU417958, U01/IP000022, U38/CCU522352, U01/IP000147]. Role of the sponsor: CDC provided funding support. The study had CDC co-authors and CDC staff reviewed the manuscript. Clinical centers: None. NR 27 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 3 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD NOV 28 PY 2011 VL 29 IS 51 BP 9488 EP 9492 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.10.023 PG 5 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 868NC UT WOS:000298529000012 PM 22015394 ER PT J AU Simon, JK Carter, M Pasetti, MF Sztein, MB Kotloff, KL Weniger, BG Campbell, JD Levine, MM AF Simon, Jakub K. Carter, Mihaela Pasetti, Marcela F. Sztein, Marcelo B. Kotloff, Karen L. Weniger, Bruce G. Campbell, James D. Levine, Myron M. TI Safety, tolerability, and immunogenicity of inactivated trivalent seasonal influenza vaccine administered with a needle-free disposable-syringe jet injector SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Jet injection; Influenza; Vaccine; Safety; Immunogenicity; LectraJet (R) M3 RA ID HEPATITIS-A VACCINE; CLINICAL IMMUNOGENICITY; UNSAFE INJECTIONS AB Background: Jet injectors (JIs) avoid safety drawbacks of needle-syringe (N-S) while generating similar immune responses. A new generation of disposable-syringe jet injectors (DSJIs) overcomes the cross-contamination risk of multi-use-nozzle devices used in 20th-century campaigns. In the first study in humans, the newly-US-licensed LectraJet (R) model M3 RA DSJI was compared to N-S. Methods: Sixty healthy adults received one 0.5 mL intramuscular dose of the 2009-2010 seasonal, trivalent, inactivated influenza vaccine (TIV) in randomized, double-masked fashion by either DSJI (n =30) or N-S (n = 30). Adverse reactions were monitored for 90 days after injection, and serologic responses assayed by hemagglutination inhibition (HI) at days 28 and 90. Results: There were no related serious adverse events (SAEs), nor differing rates of unsolicited AEs between DSJI and N-S. Solicited erythema and induration occurred more often after DSJI, but were transient and well-tolerated; a trend was noted for fewer systemic reactions by DSJI. Pre-vaccination HI geometric mean titers (GMT) increased by 28 days for H1N1, H3N2, and B antigens by 13-, 14-, and 8-fold via DSJI, and by 7-, 10-, and 7-fold for N-S, respectively. No trending differences in GMT, seroconversion, or seroprotection were noted; sample sizes precluded non-inferiority assessment. Conclusions: DSJI delivery of TIV is well-tolerated and immunogenic. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Simon, Jakub K.; Carter, Mihaela; Sztein, Marcelo B.; Kotloff, Karen L.; Levine, Myron M.] Univ Maryland, Dept Med, Div Geomed, Ctr Vaccine Dev,Sch Med, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [Simon, Jakub K.; Pasetti, Marcela F.; Sztein, Marcelo B.; Kotloff, Karen L.; Campbell, James D.; Levine, Myron M.] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Div Infect Dis & Trop Pediat, Dept Pediat,Ctr Vaccine Dev, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [Weniger, Bruce G.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Simon, JK (reprint author), NanoBio Corp, MS 2311,Green Rd,Suite A, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA. EM jakub.simon@nanobio.com RI kotloff, karen/E-7768-2012; OI kotloff, karen/0000-0003-1808-6431; Weniger, Bruce/0000-0002-5450-5464 FU D'Antonio Consultants International, Inc. FX We thank the volunteers for their participation in the clinical trial, as well as the clinical, regulatory, and immunology staff at the Center for Vaccine Development, including Jane Cowan, Karimah Williams, Cara Arcidiacono, Sarah Yang, Virginia Cowan, and Kim Rincavage. We also thank William Blackwelder and Yukun Wu for randomization and statistical advice. Financial support for this research was provided by D'Antonio Consultants International, Inc., which had no technical authority over the conduct of the study, nor editorial control over its resulting publication. NR 22 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X EI 1873-2518 J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD NOV 28 PY 2011 VL 29 IS 51 BP 9544 EP 9550 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.09.097 PG 7 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 868NC UT WOS:000298529000020 PM 21986218 ER PT J AU Lindblade, KA Johnson, AJ Arvelo, W Zhang, XY Jordan, HT Reyes, L Fry, AM Padilla, N AF Lindblade, Kim A. Johnson, April J. Arvelo, Wences Zhang, Xingyou Jordan, Hannah T. Reyes, Lissette Fry, Alicia M. Padilla, Norma TI Low usage of government healthcare facilities for acute respiratory infections in Guatemala: implications for influenza surveillance SO BMC PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article ID EXPENDITURE; MORBIDITY; KENYA AB Background: Sentinel surveillance for severe acute respiratory infections in hospitals and influenza-like illness in ambulatory clinics is recommended to assist in global pandemic influenza preparedness. Healthcare utilization patterns will affect the generalizability of data from sentinel sites and the potential to use them to estimate burden of disease. The objective of this study was to measure healthcare utilization patterns in Guatemala to inform the establishment of a sentinel surveillance system for influenza and other respiratory infections, and allow estimation of disease burden. Methods: We used a stratified, two-stage cluster survey sample to select 1200 households from the Department of Santa Rosa. Trained interviewers screened household residents for self-reported pneumonia in the last year and influenza-like illness (ILI) in the last month and asked about healthcare utilization for each illness episode. Results: We surveyed 1131 (94%) households and 5449 residents between October and December 2006 and identified 323 (6%) cases of pneumonia and 628 (13%) cases of ILI. Treatment for pneumonia outside the home was sought by 92% of the children <5 years old and 73% of the persons aged five years and older. For both children <5 years old (53%) and persons aged five years and older (31%) who reported pneumonia, private clinics were the most frequently reported source of care. For ILI, treatment was sought outside the home by 81% of children <5 years old and 65% of persons aged five years and older. Government ambulatory clinics were the most frequently sought source of care for ILI both for children <5 years old (41%) and persons aged five years and older (36%). Conclusions: Sentinel surveillance for influenza and other respiratory infections based in government health facilities in Guatemala will significantly underestimate the burden of disease. Adjustment for healthcare utilization practices will permit more accurate estimation of the incidence of influenza and other respiratory pathogens in the community. C1 [Lindblade, Kim A.; Arvelo, Wences; Zhang, Xingyou; Fry, Alicia M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Lindblade, Kim A.; Arvelo, Wences] CDC Reg Off Cent Amer & Panama, Guatemala City, Guatemala. [Johnson, April J.; Jordan, Hannah T.] CDC, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Reyes, Lissette] Minist Salud Publ & Asistencia Social, Field Epidemiol Training Program, Guatemala City, Guatemala. [Padilla, Norma] Univ Valle Guatemala, CDC UVG Collaborat, Guatemala City, Guatemala. RP Lindblade, KA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM kil2@cdc.gov FU U.S Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [U50/CCU021236-05] FX The authors would like to thank Olga Henao and Cindy Friedman for assistance with the design of the survey, and Wil Clara for comments on an earlier draft. The authors would like to acknowledge the assistance of the Health Area of Santa Rosa for completing this survey. The Instituto Nacional de Estadistica de Guatemala kindly provided census maps and data to developing the sampling frame. We thank the survey team for several weeks of difficult work in challenging conditions. We would like to express our gratitude to the population of Santa Rosa for their involvement in the study. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. This publication was supported in part by Cooperative Agreement Number U50/CCU021236-05 from the U.S Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 21 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2458 J9 BMC PUBLIC HEALTH JI BMC Public Health PD NOV 24 PY 2011 VL 11 AR 885 DI 10.1186/1471-2458-11-885 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 892JH UT WOS:000300282000001 PM 22111590 ER PT J AU Daniel, SB Lovegrove, MC Shehab, N Richards, CL AF Budnitz, Daniel S. Lovegrove, Maribeth C. Shehab, Nadine Richards, Chesley L. TI Emergency Hospitalizations for Adverse Drug Events in Older Americans SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID DEPARTMENT VISITS; MEDICATION USE; ADULTS; ADMISSIONS; SAFETY; SURVEILLANCE; PHARMACOLOGY; WARFARIN AB BACKGROUND Adverse drug events are important preventable causes of hospitalization in older adults. However, nationally representative data on adverse drug events that result in hospitalization in this population have been limited. METHODS We used adverse-event data from the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System-Cooperative Adverse Drug Event Surveillance project (2007 through 2009) to estimate the frequency and rates of hospitalization after emergency department visits for adverse drug events in older adults and to assess the contribution of specific medications, including those identified as high-risk or potentially inappropriate by national quality measures. RESULTS On the basis of 5077 cases identified in our sample, there were an estimated 99,628 emergency hospitalizations (95% confidence interval [CI], 55,531 to 143,724) for adverse drug events in U. S. adults 65 years of age or older each year from 2007 through 2009. Nearly half of these hospitalizations were among adults 80 years of age or older (48.1%; 95% CI, 44.6 to 51.6). Nearly two thirds of hospitalizations were due to unintentional overdoses (65.7%; 95% CI, 60.1 to 71.3). Four medications or medication classes were implicated alone or in combination in 67.0% (95% CI, 60.0 to 74.1) of hospitalizations: warfarin (33.3%), insulins (13.9%), oral antiplatelet agents (13.3%), and oral hypoglycemic agents (10.7%). High-risk medications were implicated in only 1.2% (95% CI, 0.7 to 1.7) of hospitalizations. CONCLUSIONS Most emergency hospitalizations for recognized adverse drug events in older adults resulted from a few commonly used medications, and relatively few resulted from medications typically designated as high-risk or inappropriate. Improved management of antithrombotic and antidiabetic drugs has the potential to reduce hospitalizations for adverse drug events in older adults. C1 [Budnitz, Daniel S.; Lovegrove, Maribeth C.; Shehab, Nadine] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Richards, Chesley L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Prevent Healthcare, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Richards, Chesley L.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Div Geriatr & Gerontol, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Daniel, SB (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop A-24, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM dbudnitz@cdc.gov NR 41 TC 6 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 11 PU MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SOC PI WALTHAM PA WALTHAM WOODS CENTER, 860 WINTER ST,, WALTHAM, MA 02451-1413 USA SN 0028-4793 EI 1533-4406 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD NOV 24 PY 2011 VL 365 IS 21 BP 2002 EP 2012 PG 11 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 851PF UT WOS:000297282600010 ER PT J AU Zhou, ZY Wagar, N Devos, JR Rottinghaus, E Diallo, K Nguyen, DB Bassey, O Ugbena, R Wadonda-Kabondo, N McConnell, MS Zulu, I Chilima, B Nkengasong, J Yang, CF AF Zhou, Zhiyong Wagar, Nick Devos, Joshua R. Rottinghaus, Erin Diallo, Karidia Nguyen, Duc B. Bassey, Orji Ugbena, Richard Wadonda-Kabondo, Nellie McConnell, Michelle S. Zulu, Isaac Chilima, Benson Nkengasong, John Yang, Chunfu TI Optimization of a Low Cost and Broadly Sensitive Genotyping Assay for HIV-1 Drug Resistance Surveillance and Monitoring in Resource-Limited Settings SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS TYPE-1; DRIED BLOOD SPOTS; WORLD-HEALTH-ORGANIZATION; SEQUENCE-BASED ANALYSIS; ANTIRETROVIRAL TREATMENT; REVERSE-TRANSCRIPTASE; SUBTYPE-A; MUTATIONS; SYSTEM; PERFORMANCE AB Commercially available HIV-1 drug resistance (HIVDR) genotyping assays are expensive and have limitations in detecting non-B subtypes and circulating recombinant forms that are co-circulating in resource-limited settings (RLS). This study aimed to optimize a low cost and broadly sensitive in-house assay in detecting HIVDR mutations in the protease (PR) and reverse transcriptase (RT) regions of pol gene. The overall plasma genotyping sensitivity was 95.8% (N = 96). Compared to the original in-house assay and two commercially available genotyping systems, TRUGENE (R) and ViroSeq (R), the optimized in-house assay showed a nucleotide sequence concordance of 99.3%, 99.6% and 99.1%, respectively. The optimized in-house assay was more sensitive in detecting mixture bases than the original in-house (N=87, P<0.001) and TRUGENE (R) and ViroSeq (R) assays. When the optimized in-house assay was applied to genotype samples collected for HIVDR surveys (N = 230), all 72 (100%) plasma and 69 (95.8%) of the matched dried blood spots (DBS) in the Vietnam transmitted HIVDR survey were genotyped and nucleotide sequence concordance was 98.8%; Testing of treatment-experienced patient plasmas with viral load (VL) >= and < 3 log10 copies/ml from the Nigeria and Malawi surveys yielded 100% (N=46) and 78.6% (N = 14) genotyping rates, respectively. Furthermore, all 18 matched DBS stored at room temperature from the Nigeria survey were genotyped. Phylogenetic analysis of the 236 sequences revealed that 43.6% were CRF01_AE, 25.9% subtype C, 13.1% CRF02_AG, 5.1% subtype G, 4.2% subtype B, 2.5% subtype A, 2.1% each subtype F and unclassifiable, 0.4% each CRF06_CPX, CRF07_BC and CRF09_CPX. Conclusions: The optimized in-house assay is broadly sensitive in genotyping HIV-1 group M viral strains and more sensitive than the original in-house, TRUGENE (R) and ViroSeq (R) in detecting mixed viral populations. The broad sensitivity and substantial reagent cost saving make this assay more accessible for RLS where HIVDR surveillance is recommended to minimize the development and transmission of HIVDR. C1 [Zhou, Zhiyong; Wagar, Nick; Devos, Joshua R.; Rottinghaus, Erin; Diallo, Karidia; McConnell, Michelle S.; Nkengasong, John; Yang, Chunfu] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Div Global HIV AIDS, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Nguyen, Duc B.] Dept Hlth & Human Serv US CDC, Hanoi, Vietnam. [Bassey, Orji; Ugbena, Richard] CDC GAP, Abuja, Nigeria. [Wadonda-Kabondo, Nellie; Chilima, Benson] Malawi Minist Hlth, Community Hlth Sci Unit, Lilongwe, Malawi. [McConnell, Michelle S.] Thailand Minist Publ Hlth US CDC Collaborat, Nonthaburi, Thailand. [Zulu, Isaac] Global AIDS Program CDC Zambia, Lusaka, Zambia. RP Zhou, ZY (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Div Global HIV AIDS, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM cxy0@cdc.gov RI Yang, Chunfu/G-6890-2013 FU American Public Health Laboratory (APHL); CDC FX Dr. Erin Rottinghaus is a recipient of the 2009-2011 Emerging Infectious Disease (EID) Fellowship program sponsored by American Public Health Laboratory (APHL) and CDC. The authors thank Dr. Guoqing Zhang, a recipient of APHL/CDC 2011 International EID program for statistical assistance. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 52 TC 23 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 0 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD NOV 23 PY 2011 VL 6 IS 11 AR e28184 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0028184 PG 10 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 863KL UT WOS:000298162000084 PM 22132237 ER PT J AU Bergen, G Shults, RA Rudd, RA AF Bergen, Gwen Shults, Ruth A. Rudd, Rose Ann TI Vital Signs: Alcohol-Impaired Driving Among Adults-United States, 2010 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 60, pg 1351-1356, 2011) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint C1 [Bergen, Gwen; Shults, Ruth A.; Rudd, Rose Ann] CDC, Div Unintent Injury Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Bergen, G (reprint author), CDC, Div Unintent Injury Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM gbergen@cdc.gov NR 1 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD NOV 23 PY 2011 VL 306 IS 20 BP 2208 EP 2210 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 851GD UT WOS:000297255500009 ER PT J AU Gould, LH Nisler, AL Herman, KM Cole, DJ Williams, IT Mahon, BE Griffin, PM Hall, AJ AF Gould, L. Hannah Nisler, Amie L. Herman, Karen M. Cole, Dana J. Williams, Ian T. Mahon, Barbara E. Griffin, Patricia M. Hall, Aron J. TI Surveillance for Foodborne Disease Outbreaks-United States, 2008 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 60, pg 1197-1202, 2011) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint C1 [Gould, L. Hannah; Nisler, Amie L.; Herman, Karen M.; Cole, Dana J.; Williams, Ian T.; Mahon, Barbara E.; Griffin, Patricia M.] CDC, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Hall, Aron J.] CDC, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Gould, LH (reprint author), CDC, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM lgould@cdc.gov NR 1 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 6 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD NOV 23 PY 2011 VL 306 IS 20 BP 2212 EP 2214 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 851GD UT WOS:000297255500011 ER PT J AU Carwile, JL Ye, XY Zhou, XL Calafat, AM Michels, KB AF Carwile, Jenny L. Ye, Xiaoyun Zhou, Xiaoliu Calafat, Antonia M. Michels, Karin B. TI Canned Soup Consumption and Urinary Bisphenol A: A Randomized Crossover Trial SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Letter C1 [Carwile, Jenny L.] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Ye, Xiaoyun; Zhou, Xiaoliu; Calafat, Antonia M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Michels, Karin B.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Obstet & Gynecol Epidemiol Ctr, Boston, MA USA. RP Carwile, JL (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. EM kmichels@rics.bwh.harvard.edu RI Osborne, Nicholas/N-4915-2015 OI Osborne, Nicholas/0000-0002-6700-2284 FU NIEHS NIH HHS [T32 ES 007069, T32 ES007069] NR 6 TC 64 Z9 66 U1 3 U2 25 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 330 N WABASH AVE, STE 39300, CHICAGO, IL 60611-5885 USA SN 0098-7484 EI 1538-3598 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD NOV 23 PY 2011 VL 306 IS 20 BP 2218 EP 2220 DI 10.1001/jama.2011.1721 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 851GD UT WOS:000297255500019 PM 22110104 ER PT J AU Dai, SF Steffen, LM Mihalopoulos, NL Labarthe, DR AF Dai, Shifan Steffen, Lyn M. Mihalopoulos, Nicole L. Labarthe, Darwin R. TI Non-HDL Cholesterol in Children: Age-Related Patterns and Association With Body Fat Indices, Project Heartbeat! SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE Lipids; Lipoproteins; Obesity; Children C1 [Dai, Shifan; Labarthe, Darwin R.] CDC, Div Heart Dis & Stroke Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Steffen, Lyn M.] Univ Minnesota, Sch Publ Hlth, Div Epidemiol, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Mihalopoulos, Nicole L.] Univ Utah, Dept Pediat, Hlth Sci Cntr, Salt Lake City, UT USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0009-7322 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD NOV 22 PY 2011 VL 124 IS 21 SU S MA A15802 PG 2 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 884WE UT WOS:000299738707197 ER PT J AU Huffman, MD Capewell, S Ning, HY Ford, ES Lloyd-Jones, DM AF Huffman, Mark D. Capewell, Simon Ning, Hongyan Ford, Earl S. Lloyd-Jones, Donald M. TI Individual-Level Cardiovascular Health Behavior and Health Factor Changes (1999-2008), Projections to 2020, and Comparisons with AHA 2020 Impact Goal Targets in US Men and Women: Results from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE 2020 Goals; Health factors; Epidemiology; Prevention C1 [Huffman, Mark D.; Ning, Hongyan; Lloyd-Jones, Donald M.] Northwestern Univ, Feinberg Sch Med, Chicago, IL 60611 USA. [Capewell, Simon] Univ Liverpool, Dept Publ Hlth & Policy, Liverpool L69 3BX, Merseyside, England. [Ford, Earl S.] Ctr Dis Control, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Natl Cntr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Pr, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RI Lloyd-Jones, Donald/C-5899-2009 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0009-7322 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD NOV 22 PY 2011 VL 124 IS 21 SU S MA A9754 PG 2 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 884WE UT WOS:000299738702118 ER PT J AU Huffman, MD Lloyd-Jones, DM Ning, HY Ford, ES Capewell, S AF Huffman, Mark D. Lloyd-Jones, Donald M. Ning, Hongyan Ford, Earl S. Capewell, Simon TI Population-Level Cardiovascular Health Behavior and Health Factor Trends (1988-2008) and Projections to 2020 in US Men and Women: Results from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE 2020 Goals; Health factors; Epidemiology; Prevention C1 [Huffman, Mark D.] Northwestern Univ, Feinberg Sch Med, Chicago, IL 60208 USA. [Ford, Earl S.] Ctr Dis Control, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Natl Cntr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Pr, Atlanta, GA USA. [Capewell, Simon] Univ Liverpool, Dept Publ Hlth & Policy, Liverpool L69 3BX, Merseyside, England. RI Lloyd-Jones, Donald/C-5899-2009 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0009-7322 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD NOV 22 PY 2011 VL 124 IS 21 SU S MA A9760 PG 2 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 884WE UT WOS:000299738702120 ER PT J AU Valderrama, AL Will, JC Yoon, PW AF Valderrama, Amy L. Will, Julie C. Yoon, Paula W. TI Regional Variation in Emergency Department Visits for Acute Myocardial Infarction - Nationwide Emergency Department Sample, 2008 SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE Myocardial infarction C1 [Valderrama, Amy L.; Will, Julie C.; Yoon, Paula W.] CDC, Div Heart Dis & Stroke Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0009-7322 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD NOV 22 PY 2011 VL 124 IS 21 SU S MA A9550 PG 2 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 884WE UT WOS:000299738702051 ER PT J AU Yoon, SS Dillon, C Illoh, K Carroll, M Wright, J AF Yoon, Sung Sug (Sarah) Dillon, Charles Illoh, Kachi Carroll, Margaret Wright, Jacqueline TI Trends In The Prevalence Of Coronary Heart Disease And Congestive Heart Failure Among Adult Population In The U.s.: National Health And Nutrition Examination Survey 2001-2008 SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE Coronary heart disease; Population science; Epidemiology; Heart disease; Myocardial infarction C1 [Yoon, Sung Sug (Sarah); Dillon, Charles; Carroll, Margaret; Wright, Jacqueline] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. [Illoh, Kachi] US FDA, Div Neurol Prod, Silver Spring, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0009-7322 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD NOV 22 PY 2011 VL 124 IS 21 SU S MA A9720 PG 2 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 884WE UT WOS:000299738702107 ER PT J AU Gouveia, EL Reis, JN Flannery, B Cordeiro, SM Lima, JBT Pinheiro, RM Salgado, K Mascarenhas, AV Carvalho, MG Beall, BW Reis, MG Ko, AI AF Gouveia, Edilane L. Reis, Joice N. Flannery, Brendan Cordeiro, Soraia M. Lima, Josilene B. T. Pinheiro, Ricardo M. Salgado, Katia Mascarenhas, Ana Veronica Carvalho, M. Gloria Beall, Bernard W. Reis, Mitermayer G. Ko, Albert I. TI Clinical outcome of pneumococcal meningitis during the emergence of pencillin-resistant Streptococcus pneumoniae: an observational study SO BMC INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID ACUTE BACTERIAL-MENINGITIS; ANTIBIOTIC-RESISTANCE; ANTIMICROBIAL SUSCEPTIBILITY; PENICILLIN SUSCEPTIBILITY; CHILDREN; BRAZIL; CHLORAMPHENICOL; DEXAMETHASONE; SURVEILLANCE; INFECTIONS AB Background: Prior to the availability of generic third-generation cephalosporins, penicillins were widely used for treatment of pneumococcal meningitis in developing countries despite concerns about rising levels of penicillin resistance among pneumococcal isolates. We examined the impact of penicillin resistance on outcomes of pneumococcal meningitis over a ten year period in an infectious diseases hospital in Brazil. Methods: Clinical presentation, antimicrobial therapy and outcomes were reviewed for 548 patients with culture-confirmed pneumococcal meningitis from December, 1995, to November, 2005. Pneumococcal isolates from meningitis patients were defined as penicillin-resistant if Minimum Inhibitory Concentrations for penicillin were greater than 0.06 mu g/ml. Proportional hazards regression was used to identify risk factors for fatal outcomes. Results: During the ten-year period, ceftriaxone replaced ampicillin as first-line therapy for suspected bacterial meningitis. In hospital case-fatality for pneumococcal meningitis was 37%. Of 548 pneumococcal isolates from meningitis cases, 92 (17%) were resistant to penicillin. After controlling for age and severity of disease at admission, penicillin resistance was associated with higher case-fatality (Hazard Ratio [HR], 1.62; 95% Confidence Interval [CI], 1.08-2.43). Penicillin-resistance remained associated with higher case-fatality when initial therapy included ceftriaxone (HR, 1.68; 95% CI 1.02-2.76). Conclusions: Findings support the use of third generation cephalosporin antibiotics for treatment of suspected pneumococcal meningitis even at low prevalence of pneumococcal resistance to penicillins. C1 [Gouveia, Edilane L.; Reis, Joice N.; Cordeiro, Soraia M.; Lima, Josilene B. T.; Pinheiro, Ricardo M.; Reis, Mitermayer G.; Ko, Albert I.] Brazilian Minist Hlth, Oswaldo Cruz Fdn, Goncalo Moniz Res Ctr, Salvador, BA, Brazil. [Reis, Joice N.] Univ Fed Bahia, Sch Pharm, Salvador, BA, Brazil. [Flannery, Brendan] Pan Amer Hlth Org, Brasilia, DF, Brazil. [Salgado, Katia; Mascarenhas, Ana Veronica] Secretary Hlth State Bahia, Hosp Couto Maia, Salvador, BA, Brazil. [Carvalho, M. Gloria; Beall, Bernard W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Streptococcus Lab, Atlanta, GA USA. [Ko, Albert I.] Yale Univ, Sch Med, Dept Epidemiol & Publ Hlth, New Haven, CT 06510 USA. RP Ko, AI (reprint author), Brazilian Minist Hlth, Oswaldo Cruz Fdn, Goncalo Moniz Res Ctr, Salvador, BA, Brazil. EM albert.ko@yale.edu RI Vacinas, Inct/J-9431-2013; Ko, Albert/P-2343-2015; Reis, Joice/H-9227-2013 FU Oswaldo Cruz Foundation/Brazilian Ministry of Health [0250.250.415]; Brazilian National Research Council [300.861/96-6, 521.132/98-3, 521.636/96-5, 350.052/95-6, FINEP 4196086200]; Research Support Foundation for the State of Bahia (FAPESB) [1431040054051]; National Institute of Health, USA [AI-30639, TW-00919, TW-00018, TW-00905, TW -007303] FX This work was supported by grants from the Oswaldo Cruz Foundation/Brazilian Ministry of Health (0250.250.415), the Brazilian National Research Council (300.861/96-6, 521.132/98-3, 521.636/96-5, 350.052/95-6 and FINEP 4196086200), Research Support Foundation for the State of Bahia (FAPESB - 1431040054051) and National Institute of Health, USA (AI-30639, TW-00919, TW-00018, TW-00905, TW -007303). NR 36 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 9 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2334 J9 BMC INFECT DIS JI BMC Infect. Dis. PD NOV 21 PY 2011 VL 11 AR 323 DI 10.1186/1471-2334-11-323 PG 10 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 889HF UT WOS:000300063600001 PM 22103652 ER PT J AU Kellar, KL Gehrke, J Weis, SE Mahmutovic-Mayhew, A Davila, B Zajdowicz, MJ Scarborough, R Lobue, PA Lardizabal, AA Daley, CL Reves, RR Bernardo, J Campbell, BH Whitworth, WC Mazurek, GH AF Kellar, Kathryn L. Gehrke, Jennifer Weis, Stephen E. Mahmutovic-Mayhew, Aida Davila, Blachy Zajdowicz, Margan J. Scarborough, Robin LoBue, Philip A. Lardizabal, Alfred A. Daley, Charles L. Reves, Randall R. Bernardo, John Campbell, Brandon H. Whitworth, William C. Mazurek, Gerald H. TI Multiple Cytokines Are Released When Blood from Patients with Tuberculosis Is Stimulated with Mycobacterium tuberculosis Antigens SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID INTERFERON-GAMMA ASSAY; T-CELL RESPONSES; FILTRATE PROTEIN 10; WHOLE-BLOOD; ACTIVE TUBERCULOSIS; IFN-GAMMA; LATENT TUBERCULOSIS; UNITED-STATES; SKIN-TEST; PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS AB Background: Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection may cause overt disease or remain latent. Interferon gamma release assays (IGRAs) detect Mtb infection, both latent infection and infection manifesting as overt disease, by measuring whole-blood interferon gamma (IFN-gamma) responses to Mtb antigens such as early secreted antigenic target-6 (ESAT-6), culture filtrate protein 10 (CFP-10), and TB7.7. Due to a lack of adequate diagnostic standards for confirming latent Mtb infection, IGRA sensitivity for detecting Mtb infection has been estimated using patients with culture-confirmed tuberculosis (CCTB) for whom recovery of Mtb confirms the infection. In this study, cytokines in addition to IFN-gamma were assessed for potential to provide robust measures of Mtb infection. Methods: Cytokine responses to ESAT-6, CFP-10, TB7.7, or combinations of these Mtb antigens, for patients with CCTB were compared with responses for subjects at low risk for Mtb infection (controls). Three different multiplexed immunoassays were used to measure concentrations of 9 to 20 different cytokines. Responses were calculated by subtracting background cytokine concentrations from cytokine concentrations in plasma from blood stimulated with Mtb antigens. Results: Two assays demonstrated that ESAT-6, CFP-10, ESAT-6+CFP-10, and ESAT-6+CFP-10+TB7.7 stimulated the release of significantly greater amounts of IFN-gamma, IL-2, IL-8, MCP-1 and MIP-1 beta for CCTB patients than for controls. Responses to combination antigens were, or tended to be, greater than responses to individual antigens. A third assay, using whole blood stimulation with ESAT-6+CFP-10+TB7.7, revealed significantly greater IFN-gamma, IL-2, IL-6, IL-8, IP-10, MCP-1, MIP-1 beta, and TNF-alpha responses among patients compared with controls. One CCTB patient with a falsely negative IFN-gamma response had elevated responses with other cytokines. Conclusions: Multiple cytokines are released when whole blood from patients with CCTB is stimulated with Mtb antigens. Measurement of multiple cytokine responses may improve diagnostic sensitivity for Mtb infection compared with assessment of IFN-gamma alone. C1 [Kellar, Kathryn L.; Mahmutovic-Mayhew, Aida; Scarborough, Robin] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Resources, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Gehrke, Jennifer; Davila, Blachy; LoBue, Philip A.; Campbell, Brandon H.; Whitworth, William C.; Mazurek, Gerald H.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, Atlanta, GA USA. [Weis, Stephen E.] Univ N Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med, Ft Worth, TX USA. [Weis, Stephen E.] Tarrant Cty Publ Hlth Dept, Ft Worth, TX USA. [Mahmutovic-Mayhew, Aida] Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Zajdowicz, Margan J.] USN Hosp, Great Lakes, IL USA. [Lardizabal, Alfred A.] Univ Med & Dent New Jersey, New Jersey Med Sch, Natl TB Ctr, Newark, NJ 07103 USA. [Daley, Charles L.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Med, San Francisco, CA USA. [Reves, Randall R.] Denver Publ Hlth Dept, Denver, CO USA. [Bernardo, John] Boston Univ, Sch Med, Ctr Pulm, Boston, MA 02118 USA. RP Kellar, KL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Resources, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM gym6@cdc.gov OI Bernardo, John/0000-0002-3922-0559 FU CDC; Department of the Navy; Cellestis Limited FX This study had no specific support or funding. Plasma samples were from a larger IRB approved project supported by CDC, the Department of the Navy, and Cellestis Limited. Cellestis Limited provided antigens and kits that were used to measure interferon gamma by the commercial ELISA. CDC, the Department of the Navy, and Cellestis, Ltd. reviewed the study design, data collection methods, and analysis plans prior to approval and funding. CDC and the Department of the Navy cleared the manuscript for publication according to established guidelines. NR 54 TC 35 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 6 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD NOV 21 PY 2011 VL 6 IS 11 AR e26545 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0026545 PG 17 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 858IO UT WOS:000297789900005 PM 22132075 ER PT J AU Klein, NP Gidudu, J Qiang, YD Pahud, B Rowhani-Rahbar, A Baxter, R Dekker, CL Edwards, KM Halsey, NA LaRussa, P Marchant, C Tokars, JI DeStefano, F AF Klein, Nicola P. Gidudu, Jane Qiang, Yandong Pahud, Barbara Rowhani-Rahbar, Ali Baxter, Roger Dekker, Cornelia L. Edwards, Kathryn M. Halsey, Neal A. LaRussa, Philip Marchant, Colin Tokars, Jerome I. DeStefano, Frank TI Developing the next generation of vaccinologists SO VACCINE LA English DT Letter ID IMMUNIZATION SAFETY; VARICELLA VACCINE; DISEASE C1 [Klein, Nicola P.; Rowhani-Rahbar, Ali; Baxter, Roger] Kaiser Permanente, Vaccine Study Ctr, Oakland, CA 94612 USA. [Qiang, Yandong] US FDA, Ctr Biol Evaluat & Review, Rockville, MD 20857 USA. [Pahud, Barbara] Univ Missouri, Childrens Mercy Hosp & Clin, Kansas City, MO 64110 USA. [Dekker, Cornelia L.] Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Stanford LPCH Vaccine Program, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Edwards, Kathryn M.] Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Nashville, TN 37212 USA. [Halsey, Neal A.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Inst Vaccine Safety, Baltimore, MD USA. [LaRussa, Philip] Columbia Univ, Coll Phys & Surg, New York, NY USA. [Marchant, Colin] Boston Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA 02118 USA. [Tokars, Jerome I.; DeStefano, Frank] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunizat Safety Off, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Klein, NP (reprint author), Kaiser Permanente, Vaccine Study Ctr, Oakland, CA 94612 USA. EM Nicola.Kein@kp.org NR 14 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD NOV 21 PY 2011 VL 29 IS 50 BP 9296 EP 9297 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.04.017 PG 2 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 858ED UT WOS:000297777800005 PM 21510995 ER PT J AU Tohme, RA Awosika-Olumo, D Nielsen, C Khuwaja, S Scott, J Xing, J Drobeniuc, J Hu, DJ Turner, C Wafeeg, T Sharapov, U Spradling, PR AF Tohme, Rania A. Awosika-Olumo, Debo Nielsen, Carrie Khuwaja, Salma Scott, Jennifer Xing, Jian Drobeniuc, Jan Hu, Dale J. Turner, Cynthia Wafeeg, Toni Sharapov, Umid Spradling, Philip R. TI Evaluation of hepatitis B vaccine immunogenicity among older adults during an outbreak response in assisted living facilities SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Hepatitis B vaccine; Seroprotection; Older adults; Immunity; Outbreaks ID VIRUS INFECTION; UNITED-STATES AB Background: During the past decade, in the United States, an increasing number of hepatitis B outbreaks have been reported in assisted living facilities (ALFs) as a result of breaches in infection control practices. We evaluated the seroprotection rates conferred by hepatitis B vaccine among older adults during a response to an outbreak that occurred in multiple ALFs and assessed the influence of demographic and clinical factors on vaccine response. Methods: Residents were screened for hepatitis B and C infection prior to vaccination and susceptible residents were vaccinated against hepatitis B with one dose of 20 mu g Engerix-B (TM) (GSK) given at 0, 1, and 4 months. Blood samples were collected 80-90 days after the third vaccine dose to test for anti-HBs levels. Results: Of the 48 residents who had post-vaccination blood specimens collected after the third vaccine dose, 16 (33.3%) achieved anti-HBs concentration >= 10 mIU/mL Age was a significant determinant of seroprotection with rates decreasing from 88% among persons aged <= 60 years to 12% among persons aged >= 90 years (p = 0.001). Geometric mean concentrations were higher among non-diabetic than diabetic residents, however, the difference was not statistically significant (5.1 vs. 3.8 mIU/mL, p = 0.7). Conclusions:These findings highlight that hepatitis B vaccination is of limited effectiveness when administered to older adults. Improvements in infection control and vaccination at earlier ages might be necessary to prevent spread of infection in ALFs. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Tohme, Rania A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Tohme, Rania A.; Nielsen, Carrie; Xing, Jian; Drobeniuc, Jan; Hu, Dale J.; Sharapov, Umid; Spradling, Philip R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Awosika-Olumo, Debo; Khuwaja, Salma; Scott, Jennifer; Turner, Cynthia; Wafeeg, Toni] Houston Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Houston, TX 77054 USA. RP Tohme, RA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop G37, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM rtohme@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 16 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD NOV 21 PY 2011 VL 29 IS 50 BP 9316 EP 9320 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.10.011 PG 5 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 858ED UT WOS:000297777800009 PM 22015390 ER PT J AU Miller, BL Ahmed, F Lindley, MC Wortley, PM AF Miller, Brady L. Ahmed, Faruque Lindley, Megan C. Wortley, Pascale M. TI Increases in vaccination coverage of healthcare personnel following institutional requirements for influenza vaccination: A national survey of US hospitals SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Influenza vaccine; Vaccination coverage; Mandatory vaccination; Healthcare personnel ID DECLINATION STATEMENTS; PATIENT SAFETY; WORKERS; PROGRAM; RATES; EMPLOYEES; IMMUNIZATION; PHYSICIANS; DISEASES; POLICY AB Background: Institutional requirements for influenza vaccination, ranging from policies that mandate declinations to those terminating unvaccinated healthcare personnel (HCP), are increasingly common in the US. Our objective was to determine HCP vaccine uptake following requirements for influenza vaccination at US hospitals. Methods: Survey mailed in 2011 to a nationally representative sample of 998 acute care hospitals. An institutional requirement was defined as an institutional policy that requires receipt or declination of influenza vaccination, with or without consequences for vaccine refusal. Respondents reported institutional-level, seasonal influenza vaccination coverage, if known, during two consecutive influenza seasons: the season prior to (i.e., pre-requirement), and the first season of requirement (i.e., post-requirement). Weighted univariate and multivariate analyses accounted for sampling design and non-response. Results: 808 (81.0%) hospitals responded. Of hospitals with institutional requirements for influenza vaccination (n = 440), 228 hospitals met analytic inclusion criteria. Overall, mean reported institutional-level influenza vaccination coverage among HCP rose from 62.0% in the pre-requirement season to 76.6% in the post-requirement season, representing a single-season increase of 14.7 (95% CI: 12.6-16.7) percentage points. After adjusting for potential confounders, single-season increases in influenza vaccination uptake remained greater among hospitals that imposed consequences for vaccine refusal, and among hospitals with lower pre-requirement vaccination coverage. Institutional characteristics were not associated with vaccination increases of differential magnitude. Conclusion: Hospitals that are unable to improve suboptimal influenza vaccination coverage through multi-faceted, voluntary vaccination campaigns may consider institutional requirements for influenza vaccination. Rapid and measurable increases in vaccination coverage followed institutional requirements at hospitals of varying demographic characteristics. (C) 2011 Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Miller, Brady L.; Ahmed, Faruque; Lindley, Megan C.; Wortley, Pascale M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunizat Serv Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Miller, BL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunizat Serv Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E-52, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM ion2@cdc.gov FU US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX Funding/support: This work was funded by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 36 TC 28 Z9 29 U1 2 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD NOV 21 PY 2011 VL 29 IS 50 BP 9398 EP 9403 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.09.047 PG 6 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 858ED UT WOS:000297777800020 PM 21945495 ER PT J AU Moro, PL Yue, X Lewis, P Haber, P Broder, K AF Moro, Pedro L. Yue, Xin Lewis, Paige Haber, Penina Broder, Karen TI Adverse events after Tetanus Toxoid, Reduced Diphtheria Toxoid and Acellular Pertussis (Tdap) Vaccine administered to adults 65 years of age and older reported to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS), 2005-2010 SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Adverse event; Elderly; Surveillance; Tdap; Vaccine safety ID GUILLAIN-BARRE-SYNDROME; IMMUNIZATION PRACTICES ACIP; ADVISORY-COMMITTEE; PREVENTING TETANUS; UNITED-STATES; NURSING-HOME; INFLUENZA; SAFETY; RECOMMENDATIONS; RATES AB Background: Tetanus toxoid, reduced diphtheria toxoid, and acellular pertussis (Tdap) vaccine was not licensed for use in adults aged >= 65 years due to lack of sufficient efficacy and safety data. Objective: To characterize reports to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS) among adults aged >= 65 years who received Tdap vaccine 'off-label' to assess for potential vaccine safety concerns. Methods: We searched VAERS for US reports of adverse events (AEs) in subjects aged >= 65 years who received Tdap vaccine from 9/1/2005 to 9/08/2010. Medical records were requested for all reports coded as serious (death, hospitalization, prolonged hospitalization, permanent disability, life-threatening-illness). Proportional reporting ratio (PRR) was used to assess for higher proportionate reporting for AEs after Tdap compared with Td reports in subjects aged >= 65 years. Results: VAERS received 243 reports following Tdap administered to persons aged >= 65 years. Eleven (4.5%) reports were serious, including two deaths. Most common AEs were local reactions in 100(41.2%) reports. Seventy-eight (32.1%) reports contained coding terms that denoted inappropriate administration of vaccine. 'Cough' was the only term associated with disproportionately higher reporting after Tdap compared with Td. Six of seven Tdap reports containing the term 'Cough' were non-serious. Clinical review of serious reports identified no unusual patterns of AEs. Conclusion: Our VAERS review of the 'off-label' use of Tdap vaccine in adults >= 65 years did not find any safety concerns that warrant further study. These data will provide useful baseline information to assist CDC and FDA with monitoring efforts as permissive recommendations for Tdap in older persons are adopted. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Moro, Pedro L.; Yue, Xin; Lewis, Paige; Haber, Penina; Broder, Karen] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Immunizat Safety Off, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, NCEZID, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Moro, PL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Immunizat Safety Off, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, NCEZID, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM psm9@cdc.gov FU CDC; FDA FX Funding: The study was implemented by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The only funds used were from CDC and FDA budgets. This study had no external sponsors. NR 34 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X EI 1873-2518 J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD NOV 21 PY 2011 VL 29 IS 50 BP 9404 EP 9408 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.05.100 PG 5 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 858ED UT WOS:000297777800021 PM 21920404 ER PT J AU Wang, WC Oyeku, SO Luo, ZY Boulet, SL Miller, ST Fish, B Thompson, BW Grosse, S AF Wang, Winfred C. Oyeku, Suzette O. Luo, Zhaoyu Boulet, Sheree L. Miller, Scott T. Fish, Billie Thompson, Bruce W. Grosse, Scott TI Costs Associated with the Care of Very Young Children with Sickle Cell Anemia (SCA): Analysis from the BABY HUG Study SO BLOOD LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 53rd Annual Meeting and Exposition of the American-Society-of-Hematology (ASH)/Symposium on the Basic Science of Hemostasis and Thrombosis CY DEC 10-13, 2011 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Soc Hematol (ASH) C1 [Wang, Winfred C.] St Jude Childrens Hosp, Memphis, TN 38105 USA. [Oyeku, Suzette O.] Montefiore Med Ctr, Bronx, NY 10467 USA. [Luo, Zhaoyu; Fish, Billie; Thompson, Bruce W.] Clin Trials & Surveys Corp, Owings Mills, MD USA. [Boulet, Sheree L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, NCBDDD, DBD, Atlanta, GA USA. [Miller, Scott T.] SUNY Brooklyn, Brooklyn, NY USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC HEMATOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1900 M STREET. NW SUITE 200, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD NOV 18 PY 2011 VL 118 IS 21 BP 83 EP 84 PG 2 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 882XL UT WOS:000299597100172 ER PT J AU Vichinsky, E Neumayr, L Trimble, S Thompson, AA Giardina, P Cohen, AR Coates, TD Neufeld, EJ Grant, AM Boudreaux, J AF Vichinsky, Elliott Neumayr, Lynne Trimble, Sean Thompson, Alexis A. Giardina, Patricia Cohen, Alan R. Coates, Thomas D. Neufeld, Ellis J. Grant, Althea M. Boudreaux, Jeanne TI Transfusion Complications in Thalassemia: A Report From the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) SO BLOOD LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 53rd Annual Meeting and Exposition of the American-Society-of-Hematology (ASH)/Symposium on the Basic Science of Hemostasis and Thrombosis CY DEC 10-13, 2011 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Soc Hematol (ASH) C1 [Vichinsky, Elliott; Neumayr, Lynne] Childrens Hosp & Res Ctr Oakland, Oakland, CA USA. [Trimble, Sean] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Blood Disorders, Atlanta, GA USA. [Thompson, Alexis A.] Childrens Mem Hosp, Chicago, IL 60614 USA. [Giardina, Patricia] Weill Cornell Med Coll, Dept Pediat, New York, NY USA. [Coates, Thomas D.] Childrens Hosp, Los Angeles, CA 90027 USA. [Cohen, Alan R.] Childrens Hosp Philadelphia, Los Angeles, CA 90027 USA. [Neufeld, Ellis J.] Harvard Univ, Childrens Hosp, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Grant, Althea M.] Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Disabil, CDC, Div Blood Disorders, Atlanta, GA USA. [Boudreaux, Jeanne] Childrens Healthcare Atlanta Scottish Rite, Dept Pediat, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC HEMATOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1900 M STREET. NW SUITE 200, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD NOV 18 PY 2011 VL 118 IS 21 BP 160 EP 160 PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 882XL UT WOS:000299597100341 ER PT J AU Abel, GA Friese, CR Neville, BA Hastings, BT Earle, CC Richardson, LC AF Abel, Gregory A. Friese, Christopher R. Neville, Bridget A. Hastings, B. Taylor Earle, Craig C. Richardson, Lisa C. TI The Anemia Workup in Current Clinical Practice: Results From a Survey of Primary Care Physicians SO BLOOD LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 53rd Annual Meeting and Exposition of the American-Society-of-Hematology (ASH)/Symposium on the Basic Science of Hemostasis and Thrombosis CY DEC 10-13, 2011 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Soc Hematol (ASH) C1 [Abel, Gregory A.; Neville, Bridget A.; Hastings, B. Taylor] Dana Farber Canc Inst, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Friese, Christopher R.] Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Earle, Craig C.] Inst Clin Evaluat Sci, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Richardson, Lisa C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RI Friese, Christopher/D-2097-2013 OI Friese, Christopher/0000-0002-2281-2056 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC HEMATOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1900 M STREET. NW SUITE 200, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD NOV 18 PY 2011 VL 118 IS 21 BP 914 EP 914 PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 882XL UT WOS:000299597102679 ER PT J AU Ortel, TL Beckman, M Hooper, WC Lewis, DA Chi, JTA Kenney, KM De Staercke, C Heit, JA Moll, S Philipp, CS Manco-Johnson, MJ AF Ortel, Thomas L. Beckman, Michele Hooper, W. Craig Lewis, Deborah A. Chi, Jen-Tsan A. Kenney, Kristy M. De Staercke, Christine Heit, John A. Moll, Stephan Philipp, Claire S. Manco-Johnson, Marilyn J. TI Identification of Patients At High Risk for Recurrent Venous Thromboembolism by Whole Blood Gene Expression Analysis SO BLOOD LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 53rd Annual Meeting and Exposition of the American-Society-of-Hematology (ASH)/Symposium on the Basic Science of Hemostasis and Thrombosis CY DEC 10-13, 2011 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Soc Hematol (ASH) C1 [Ortel, Thomas L.; Lewis, Deborah A.; Chi, Jen-Tsan A.] Duke Univ Med Ctr, Durham, NC USA. [Beckman, Michele; Hooper, W. Craig; Kenney, Kristy M.; De Staercke, Christine] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Heit, John A.] Mayo Clin, Rochester, MN USA. [Moll, Stephan] Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Philipp, Claire S.] Univ Med & Dent New Jersey, Robert Wood Johnson Med Sch, New Brunswick, NJ USA. [Manco-Johnson, Marilyn J.] Univ Colorado Sch Med, Hemophilia & Thrombosis Ctr, Aurora, CO USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC HEMATOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1900 M STREET. NW SUITE 200, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD NOV 18 PY 2011 VL 118 IS 21 BP 999 EP 1000 PG 2 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 882XL UT WOS:000299597103172 ER PT J AU Shim, YK Rachel, J Ghia, P Boren, J Dagklis, A Venable, G Abbasi, F Plapp, F Vogt, R Menitove, JE Marti, G AF Shim, Youn K. Rachel, Jane Ghia, Paolo Boren, Jeff Dagklis, Antonis Venable, Geri Abbasi, Fatima Plapp, Fred Vogt, Robert Menitove, Jay E. Marti, Gerald TI Monoclonal B-Cell Lymphocytosis (MBL) in Blood Donors: Age- and Sex-Specific Prevalence, Clone Size, and IGHV-IGHD-IGHJ Rearrangements SO BLOOD LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 53rd Annual Meeting and Exposition of the American-Society-of-Hematology (ASH)/Symposium on the Basic Science of Hemostasis and Thrombosis CY DEC 10-13, 2011 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Soc Hematol (ASH) C1 [Shim, Youn K.] Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registry, Div Hlth Sci, Atlanta, GA USA. [Rachel, Jane; Boren, Jeff; Plapp, Fred] St Lukes Hosp, Kansas City, MO USA. [Ghia, Paolo; Dagklis, Antonis] Univ Vita Salute San Raffaele, Div Mol Oncol, Milan, Italy. [Ghia, Paolo; Dagklis, Antonis] Univ Vita Salute San Raffaele, Dept Oncohematol, Milan, Italy. [Ghia, Paolo; Dagklis, Antonis] Ist Sci San Raffaele, Milan, Italy. [Venable, Geri; Menitove, Jay E.] Community Blood Ctr, Kansas City, MO USA. [Abbasi, Fatima] US FDA, Div Cellular & Gene Therapies, Ctr Biol Evaluat & Res, Bethesda, MD 20014 USA. [Vogt, Robert] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Atlanta, GA USA. [Marti, Gerald] US FDA, Off Vitro Diagnost Device Evaluat & Safety, Div Immunol & Hematol Devices, Silver Spring, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC HEMATOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1900 M STREET. NW SUITE 200, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD NOV 18 PY 2011 VL 118 IS 21 BP 1224 EP 1225 PG 2 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 882XL UT WOS:000299597104191 ER PT J AU Soucie, JM De Staercke, C Chitlur, MB Gruppo, RA Hooper, WC Kessler, CM Kulkarni, R Manco-Johnson, MJ Monahan, PE Oakley, M Powell, J Pyle, M Recht, M Riske, B Sabio, H Trimble, S AF Soucie, J. Michael De Staercke, Christine Chitlur, Meera B. Gruppo, Ralph A. Hooper, W. Craig Kessler, Craig M. Kulkarni, Roshni Manco-Johnson, Marilyn J. Monahan, Paul E. Oakley, Meredith Powell, Jerry Pyle, Meredith Recht, Michael Riske, Brenda Sabio, Hernan Trimble, Sean TI Continued Transmission Of Parvovirus B19 in Plasma-Derived Factor Concentrates After the Implementation of B19 Nucleic Acid Plasma Minipool Screening SO BLOOD LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 53rd Annual Meeting and Exposition of the American-Society-of-Hematology (ASH)/Symposium on the Basic Science of Hemostasis and Thrombosis CY DEC 10-13, 2011 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Soc Hematol (ASH) C1 [Soucie, J. Michael; Oakley, Meredith; Pyle, Meredith; Trimble, Sean] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Div Blood Disorders, Atlanta, GA USA. [Chitlur, Meera B.] Childrens Hosp Michigan, Detroit, MI 48201 USA. [Gruppo, Ralph A.] Cincinnati Childrens Hosp, Canc & Blood Dis Inst, Med Ctr, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Hooper, W. Craig] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Kessler, Craig M.] Lombardi Canc Ctr, Washington, DC USA. [Kulkarni, Roshni] Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Manco-Johnson, Marilyn J.; Riske, Brenda] Univ Colorado, Hemophilia & Thrombosis Ctr, Sch Med, Aurora, CO USA. [Monahan, Paul E.] Univ N Carolina, Gene Therapy Ctr, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Powell, Jerry] Univ Calif Davis, Hemophilia Treatment Ctr, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA. [Recht, Michael] Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Hemophilia Ctr, Portland, OR 97201 USA. [Sabio, Hernan] Wake Forest Univ, Winston Salem, NC 27109 USA. RI Chitlur, Meera/G-2913-2015 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC HEMATOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1900 M STREET. NW SUITE 200, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD NOV 18 PY 2011 VL 118 IS 21 BP 1448 EP 1449 PG 2 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 882XL UT WOS:000299597105108 ER PT J AU Napier, RJ Rafi, W Cheruvu, M Powell, KR Zaunbrecher, MA Bornmann, W Salgame, P Shinnick, TM Kalman, D AF Napier, Ruth J. Rafi, Wasiulla Cheruvu, Mani Powell, Kimberly R. Zaunbrecher, M. Analise Bornmann, William Salgame, Padmini Shinnick, Thomas M. Kalman, Daniel TI Imatinib-Sensitive Tyrosine Kinases Regulate Mycobacterial Pathogenesis and Represent Therapeutic Targets against Tuberculosis SO CELL HOST & MICROBE LA English DT Article ID MULTIDRUG-RESISTANT TUBERCULOSIS; INHIBITOR STI571; ABL; MARINUM; INFECTION; AUTOPHAGY; MESYLATE; GROWTH; CELLS; EPIDEMIOLOGY AB The lengthy course of treatment with currently used antimycobacterial drugs and the resulting emergence of drug-resistant strains have intensified the need for alternative therapies against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb), the etiologic agent of tuberculosis. We show that Mtb and Mycobacterium marinum use ABL and related tyrosine kinases for entry and intracellular survival in macrophages. In mice, the ABL family tyrosine kinase inhibitor, imatinib (Gleevec), when administered prophylactically or therapeutically, reduced both the number of granulomatous lesions and bacterial load in infected organs and was also effective against a rifampicin-resistant strain. Further, when coadministered with current first-line drugs, rifampicin or rifabutin, imatinib acted synergistically. These data implicate host tyrosine kinases in entry and intracellular survival of mycobacteria and suggest that imatinib may have therapeutic efficacy against Mtb. Because imatinib targets host, it is less likely to engender resistance compared to conventional antibiotics and may decrease the development of resistance against coadministered drugs. C1 [Powell, Kimberly R.; Kalman, Daniel] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Napier, Ruth J.; Zaunbrecher, M. Analise] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Grad Program Microbiol & Mol Genet, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Cheruvu, Mani; Zaunbrecher, M. Analise; Shinnick, Thomas M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Bornmann, William] Univ Texas Houston, MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Rafi, Wasiulla; Salgame, Padmini] UMDNJ New Jersey Med Sch, Dept Med, Newark, NJ 07107 USA. [Rafi, Wasiulla] UMDNJ New Jersey Med Sch, Ctr Emerging & Reemerging Pathogens, Newark, NJ 07107 USA. RP Kalman, D (reprint author), Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. EM dkalman@emory.edu RI Powell, Kimberly/E-6367-2011; Rafi, Wasiulla/H-5769-2011 OI Powell, Kimberly/0000-0002-3822-526X; FU Bio-Merieux Foundation; [NCICA016672]; [R01A107246201]; [R01AI056067-01] FX We thank members of the Kalman laboratory and L. Uebelhoer, V. Faundez, and M. Sherman for helpful discussions, I. Williams and C. Parkos for pathology expertise, K. Easley for statistical advice, and J. Posey for the GFP-Mm strain. This work was supported by NCICA016672 (to W.B) and by R01A107246201, R01AI056067-01, and a grant from the Bio-Merieux Foundation (to D.K.). NR 41 TC 52 Z9 52 U1 0 U2 9 PU CELL PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA 600 TECHNOLOGY SQUARE, 5TH FLOOR, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02139 USA SN 1931-3128 J9 CELL HOST MICROBE JI Cell Host Microbe PD NOV 17 PY 2011 VL 10 IS 5 BP 475 EP 485 DI 10.1016/j.chom.2011.09.010 PG 11 WC Microbiology; Parasitology; Virology SC Microbiology; Parasitology; Virology GA 854LD UT WOS:000297495100007 PM 22100163 ER PT J AU Dalal, S Lee, CW Farirai, T Schilsky, A Goldman, T Moore, J Bock, NN AF Dalal, Shona Lee, Chung-won Farirai, Thato Schilsky, Allison Goldman, Thurma Moore, Janet Bock, Naomi N. TI Provider-Initiated HIV Testing and Counseling: Increased Uptake in Two Public Community Health Centers in South Africa and Implications for Scale-Up SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID HIV/AIDS PREVENTION; CARE; INFECTION; OUTPATIENT; BOTSWANA; TRIAL AB Background: International guidance recommends the scale up of routinely recommended, offered, and delivered health care provider-initiated HIV testing and counseling (PITC) to increase the proportion of persons who know their HIV status. We compared HIV test uptake under PITC to provider-referral to voluntary counseling and testing (VCT referral) in two primary health centers in South Africa. Methods: Prior to introducing PITC, clinical providers were instructed to refer systematically selected study participants to VCT. After PITC and HIV rapid test training, providers were asked to recommend, offer and provide HIV testing to study participants during the clinical consultation. Participants were interviewed before and after their consultation to assess their HIV testing experiences. Results: HIV test uptake increased under PITC (OR 2.85, 95% CI 1.71, 4.76), and more patients felt providers answered their questions on HIV (104/141 [74%] versus 73/118 [62%] for VCT referral; p 0.04). After three months, only 4/106 (3.8%) HIV-positive patients had registered for onsite HIV treatment. Providers found PITC useful, but tested very few patients (range 015). Conclusion: PITC increased the uptake of HIV testing compared with referral to onsite VCT, and patients reported a positive response to PITC. However, providing universal PITC will require strong leadership to train and motivate providers, and interventions to link HIV-positive persons to HIV treatment centers. C1 [Dalal, Shona] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Dalal, Shona; Lee, Chung-won; Schilsky, Allison; Moore, Janet; Bock, Naomi N.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global AIDS Program, Atlanta, GA USA. [Farirai, Thato; Goldman, Thurma] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global AIDS Program, Pretoria, South Africa. RP Dalal, S (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM sdalal@cdc.gov FU United States Emergency Fund for AIDS Relief; Gauteng Provincial Department of Health FX This work was supported by the United States President's Emergency Fund for AIDS Relief. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.; The authors would like to acknowledge the assistance and support of the Gauteng Provincial Department of Health, the clinical staff at both the study sites, and the patient participants who gave generously of their time. We would also like to thank Chris Seebregts for programming the palm pilots and the study interviewing team for their dedication and hard work during data collection. NR 26 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 1 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD NOV 17 PY 2011 VL 6 IS 11 AR e27293 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0027293 PG 8 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 855HZ UT WOS:000297555800016 PM 22114668 ER PT J AU Steffen, I Tyrrell, DL Stein, E Montalvo, L Lee, TH Zhou, YC Lu, K Switzer, WM Tang, SH Jia, HW Hockman, D Santer, DM Logan, M Landi, A Law, J Houghton, M Simmons, G AF Steffen, Imke Tyrrell, D. Lorne Stein, Eleanor Montalvo, Leilani Lee, Tzong-Hae Zhou, Yanchen Lu, Kai Switzer, William M. Tang, Shaohua Jia, Hongwei Hockman, Darren Santer, Deanna M. Logan, Michael Landi, Amir Law, John Houghton, Michael Simmons, Graham TI No Evidence for XMRV Nucleic Acids, Infectious Virus or Anti-XMRV Antibodies in Canadian Patients with Chronic Fatigue Syndrome SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID RETROVIRUS; BLOOD AB The gammaretroviruses xenotropic murine leukemia virus (MLV)-related virus (XMRV) and MLV have been reported to be more prevalent in plasma and peripheral blood mononuclear cells of chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) patients than in healthy controls. Here, we report the complex analysis of whole blood and plasma samples from 58 CFS patients and 57 controls from Canada for the presence of XMRV/MLV nucleic acids, infectious virus, and XMRV/MLV-specific antibodies. Multiple techniques were employed, including nested and qRT-PCR, cell culture, and immunoblotting. We found no evidence of XMRV or MLV in humans and conclude that CFS is not associated with these gammaretroviruses. C1 [Steffen, Imke; Montalvo, Leilani; Lee, Tzong-Hae; Zhou, Yanchen; Lu, Kai; Simmons, Graham] Blood Syst Res Inst, San Francisco, CA USA. [Steffen, Imke; Zhou, Yanchen; Simmons, Graham] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Lab Med, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Tyrrell, D. Lorne; Hockman, Darren; Santer, Deanna M.; Logan, Michael; Landi, Amir; Law, John; Houghton, Michael] Univ Alberta, Li Ka Shing Inst Virol, Edmonton, AB, Canada. [Stein, Eleanor] Univ Calgary, Dept Psychiat, Calgary, AB, Canada. [Switzer, William M.; Tang, Shaohua; Jia, Hongwei] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Branch Lab, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Steffen, I (reprint author), Blood Syst Res Inst, San Francisco, CA USA. EM michael.houghton@ualberta.ca RI Simmons, Graham/G-3523-2012 OI Simmons, Graham/0000-0002-9615-7023 FU Canada Excellence Research Chair; Li Ka Shing Institute of Virology FX This work was supported by the Canada Excellence Research Chair (M.H.) and the Li Ka Shing Institute of Virology. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 18 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 5 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD NOV 17 PY 2011 VL 6 IS 11 AR e27870 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0027870 PG 5 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 855HZ UT WOS:000297555800043 PM 22114717 ER PT J AU Fang, J Shaw, KM Keenan, NL AF Fang, Jing Shaw, Kate M. Keenan, Nora L. TI Prevalence of Coronary Heart Disease-United States, 2006-2010 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 60, pg 1377-1381, 2011) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint ID RISK-FACTORS; TRENDS C1 [Fang, Jing; Shaw, Kate M.; Keenan, Nora L.] Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Heart Dis & Stroke Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Fang, J (reprint author), Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Heart Dis & Stroke Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM jfang@cdc.gov NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD NOV 16 PY 2011 VL 306 IS 19 BP 2084 EP 2086 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 847YU UT WOS:000297013000005 ER PT J AU Syamlal, G Mazurek, JM Malarcher, AM AF Syamlal, Girija Mazurek, Jacek M. Malarcher, Ann M. TI Current Cigarette Smoking Prevalence Among Working Adults-United States, 2004-2010 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 60, pg 1305-1309, 2011) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint C1 [Syamlal, Girija; Mazurek, Jacek M.] NIOSH, Div Resp Dis Studies, Washington, DC 20201 USA. [Malarcher, Ann M.] CDC, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Off Smoking & Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Syamlal, G (reprint author), NIOSH, Div Resp Dis Studies, Washington, DC 20201 USA. EM gsyamlal@cdc.gov NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD NOV 16 PY 2011 VL 306 IS 19 BP 2086 EP 2091 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 847YU UT WOS:000297013000006 ER PT J AU Kalb, SR Santana, WI Geren, IN Garcia-Rodriguez, C Lou, JL Smith, TJ Marks, JD Smith, LA Pirkle, JL Barr, JR AF Kalb, Suzanne R. Santana, Wanda I. Geren, Isin N. Garcia-Rodriguez, Consuelo Lou, Jianlong Smith, Theresa J. Marks, James D. Smith, Leonard A. Pirkle, James L. Barr, John R. TI Extraction and inhibition of enzymatic activity of botulinum neurotoxins/B1, /B2, /B3, /B4, and /B5 by a panel of monoclonal anti-BoNT/B antibodies SO BMC BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR EVOLUTION; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; ENDOPEP-MS; TOXIN; DIFFERENTIATION; AFFINITY; SUBTYPES; DOMAIN AB Background: Botulism is caused by botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs), extremely toxic proteins which can induce respiratory failure leading to long-term intensive care or death. Treatment for botulism includes administration of antitoxins, which must be administered early in the course of the intoxication; therefore, rapid determination of human exposure to BoNT is an important public health goal. In previous work, our laboratory reported on Endopep-MS, a mass spectrometry-based activity method for detecting and differentiating BoNT/A, /B, /E, and /F in clinical samples. We also demonstrated that antibody-capture is effective for purification and concentration of BoNTs from complex matrices such as clinical samples. However, some antibodies inhibit or neutralize the enzymatic activity of BoNT, so the choice of antibody for toxin extraction is critical. Results: In this work, we evaluated 24 anti-BoNT/B monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) for their ability to inhibit the in vitro activity of BoNT/B1, /B2, /B3, /B4, and /B5 and to extract those toxins. Among the mAbs, there were significant differences in ability to extract BoNT/B subtypes and inhibitory effect on BoNT catalytic activity. Some of the mAbs tested enhanced the in vitro light chain activity of BoNT/B, suggesting that BoNT/B may undergo conformational change upon binding some mAbs. Conclusions: In addition to determining in vitro inhibition abilities of a panel of mAbs against BoNT/B1-/B5, this work has determined B12.2 and 2B18.2 to be the best mAbs for sample preparation before Endopep-MS. These mAb characterizations also have the potential to assist with mechanistic studies of BoNT/B protection and treatment, which is important for studying alternative therapeutics for botulism. C1 [Kalb, Suzanne R.; Santana, Wanda I.; Pirkle, James L.; Barr, John R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Div Sci Lab, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Geren, Isin N.; Garcia-Rodriguez, Consuelo; Lou, Jianlong; Marks, James D.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Anesthesia, San Francisco Gen Hosp, San Francisco, CA 94110 USA. [Smith, Theresa J.] USAMRIID, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. [Smith, Leonard A.] MRMC, Off Chief Scientist, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Barr, JR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Div Sci Lab, 4770 Buford Hwy NE, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM jbarr@cdc.gov OI Kalb, Suzanne/0000-0002-8067-136X FU National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases [U01AI056493, IAA B18-120] FX Opinions, interpretations, conclusions, and recommendations are those of the authors and are not necessarily endorsed by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention or the U.S. Army. The project described was supported by Award Number U01AI056493 and IAA B18-120 from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases or the National Institutes of Health. NR 21 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 7 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2091 J9 BMC BIOCHEM JI BMC Boichem. PD NOV 15 PY 2011 VL 12 AR 58 DI 10.1186/1471-2091-12-58 PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 873JK UT WOS:000298878800001 PM 22085466 ER PT J AU Ahmed, F Temte, JL Campos-Outcalt, D Schunemann, HJ AF Ahmed, Faruque Temte, Jonathan L. Campos-Outcalt, Doug Schuenemann, Holger J. CA ACIP Evidence Based Recommendation TI Methods for developing evidence-based recommendations by the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) of the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) SO VACCINE LA English DT Review DE Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Evidence-based medicine; Evidence-based practice; Immunization Preventive health services; Vaccination ID REASSORTANT ROTAVIRUS VACCINE; SERVICES-TASK-FORCE; UNITED-STATES; QUALITY; SAFETY; POLICY; GRADE; GASTROENTERITIS; PROGRAMS; EFFICACY AB The Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) provides expert external advice and guidance to the Director of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the Secretary of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services on use of vaccines and related agents for control of vaccine-preventable disease in the United States. During the October 2010 ACIP meeting, the ACIP voted to adopt a new framework for developing evidence-based recommendations that is based on the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach. Key factors considered in the development of recommendations include the balance of benefits and harms, type of evidence, values and preferences of the people affected, and health economic analyses. Category A recommendations will be made for all persons in an age- or risk-factor-based group. Category B recommendations will be made for individual clinical decision making: category B recommendations do not apply to all members of an age- or risk-factor-based group, but in the context of a clinician-patient interaction, vaccination may be found to be appropriate for a person. Evidence tables will be used to summarize the benefits and harms and the strengths and limitations of the body of evidence. The new evidence framework will enhance the ACIP's decision-making process by making it more transparent, consistent and systematic. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Ahmed, Faruque] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunizat Serv Div, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Temte, Jonathan L.] Univ Wisconsin, Sch Med & Publ Hlth, Dept Family Med, Madison, WI 53715 USA. [Campos-Outcalt, Doug] Univ Arizona, Coll Med, Dept Family & Community Med, Phoenix, AZ 85004 USA. [Schuenemann, Holger J.] McMaster Univ, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Clin Epidemiol & Biostat, Hamilton, ON L8N 3Z5, Canada. RP Ahmed, F (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunizat Serv Div, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop A-19, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM fahmed@cdc.gov NR 35 TC 51 Z9 55 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD NOV 15 PY 2011 VL 29 IS 49 BP 9171 EP 9176 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.08.005 PG 6 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 854WM UT WOS:000297525500008 PM 21839794 ER PT J AU Benitez, A Priest, JW Ehigiator, HN McNair, N Mead, JR AF Benitez, Alvaro Priest, Jeffrey W. Ehigiator, Humphrey N. McNair, Nina Mead, Jan R. TI Evaluation of DNA encoding acidic ribosomal protein P2 of Cryptosporidium parvum as a potential vaccine candidate for cryptosporidiosis SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Cryptosporidium; DNA vaccine; Antigen; P2; Acidic ribosomal proteins ID SYSTEMIC LUPUS-ERYTHEMATOSUS; IMMUNOGLOBULIN-G ANTIBODIES; CELLULAR IMMUNE-RESPONSES; CD8(+) T-CELLS; TRYPANOSOMA-CRUZI; LEISHMANIA-MAJOR; BALB/C MICE; CUTANEOUS LEISHMANIASIS; GAMMA-INTERFERON; C57BL/6 MICE AB The Cryptosporidium parvum acidic ribosomal protein P2 (CpP2) is an important immunodominant marker in C. parvum infection. In this study, the CpP2 antigen was evaluated as a vaccine candidate using a DNA vaccine model in adult C578L/6 IL-12 knockout (KO) mice, which are susceptible to C. parvum infection. Our data show that subcutaneous immunization in the ear with DNA encoding CpP2 (CpP2-DNA) cloned into the pUMVC4b vector induced a significant anti-CpP2 IgG antibody response that was predominantly of the IgG1 isotype. Compared to control KO mice immunized with plasmid alone, CpP2-immunized mice demonstrated specific in vitro spleen cell proliferation as well as enhanced IFN-gamma production to recombinant CpP2. Further, parasite loads in CpP2 DNA-immunized mice were compared to control mice challenged with C parvum oocysts. Although a trend in reduction of infection was observed in the CpP2 DNA-immunized mice, differences between groups were not statistically significant. These results suggest that a DNA vaccine encoding the C. parvum P2 antigen is able to provide an effective means of eliciting humoral and cellular responses and has the potential to generate protective immunity against C. parvum infection but may require using alternative vectors or adjuvant to generate a more potent and balanced response. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Benitez, Alvaro; Ehigiator, Humphrey N.; McNair, Nina; Mead, Jan R.] Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Decatur, GA 30033 USA. [Benitez, Alvaro; McNair, Nina; Mead, Jan R.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Atlanta, GA USA. [Priest, Jeffrey W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Mead, JR (reprint author), Vet Affairs Med Ctr, 1670 Clairmont Rd, Decatur, GA 30033 USA. EM jmead@emory.edu FU National Institutes of Health [RO1-AI-36680]; Medical Research Service, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs FX We thank Dr. Michael Arrowood (CDC, Atlanta) and Dr. Longti Xie (CDC, Atlanta) for production and purification of oocysts. We would like to thank Bramchetna Bedi (VA Medical Center, Decatur, GA) for technical assistance and Traci Leong (Emory, Atlanta) for help with statistical analysis. This work was supported, in part, by Grant RO1-AI-36680 from the National Institutes of Health, and Medical Research Service, U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs. NR 47 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD NOV 15 PY 2011 VL 29 IS 49 BP 9239 EP 9245 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.09.094 PG 7 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 854WM UT WOS:000297525500017 PM 21968447 ER PT J AU Boeras, DI Hraber, PT Hurlston, M Evans-Strickfaden, T Bhattacharya, T Giorgi, EE Mulenga, J Karita, E Korber, BT Allen, S Hart, CE Derdeyn, CA Hunter, E AF Boeras, Debrah I. Hraber, Peter T. Hurlston, Mackenzie Evans-Strickfaden, Tammy Bhattacharya, Tanmoy Giorgi, Elena E. Mulenga, Joseph Karita, Etienne Korber, Bette T. Allen, Susan Hart, Clyde E. Derdeyn, Cynthia A. Hunter, Eric TI Role of donor genital tract HIV-1 diversity in the transmission bottleneck SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; TYPE-1 HIV-1; DISCORDANT COUPLES; PERIPHERAL-BLOOD; RNA LEVELS; SUBTYPE-B; SEMEN; COMPARTMENTALIZATION; POPULATIONS; SECRETIONS AB The predominant mode of HIV-1 infection is heterosexual transmission, where a genetic bottleneck is imposed on the virus quasispecies. To probe whether limited genetic diversity in the genital tract (GT) of the transmitting partner drives this bottleneck, viral envelope sequences from the blood and genital fluids of eight transmission pairs from Rwanda and Zambia were analyzed. The chronically infected transmitting partner's virus population was heterogeneous with distinct genital subpopulations, and the virus populations within the GT of two of four women sampled longitudinally exhibited evidence of stability over time intervals on the order of weeks to months. Surprisingly, the transmitted founder variant was not derived from the predominant GT subpopulations. Rather, in each case, the transmitting variant was phylogenetically distinct from the sampled locally replicating population. Although the exact distribution of the virus population present in the GT at the time of transmission cannot be unambiguously defined in these human studies, it is unlikely, based on these data, that the transmission bottleneck is driven in every case by limited viral diversity in the donor GT or that HIV transmission is solely a stochastic event. C1 [Boeras, Debrah I.; Hurlston, Mackenzie; Allen, Susan; Derdeyn, Cynthia A.; Hunter, Eric] Emory Univ, Dept Pathol, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Hraber, Peter T.; Bhattacharya, Tanmoy; Giorgi, Elena E.; Korber, Bette T.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Theoret Biol & Biophys Grp, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Evans-Strickfaden, Tammy; Hart, Clyde E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Mulenga, Joseph] Zambia Emory HIV Res Project, Lusaka, Zambia. [Karita, Etienne] Projet San Francisco, Kigali, Rwanda. RP Hunter, E (reprint author), Emory Univ, Dept Pathol, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM ehunte4@emory.edu RI Bhattacharya, Tanmoy/J-8956-2013; OI Bhattacharya, Tanmoy/0000-0002-1060-652X; Korber, Bette/0000-0002-2026-5757; Hraber, Peter/0000-0002-2920-4897 FU National Institutes of Health [AI51231, AI23980, AI40951, AI067854]; Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation [37874/Shaw]; National Institute of Child Health and Human Development [R01 40125]; National Institute of Mental Health [R01 66767]; Fogarty International Center [D43 TW001042]; International AIDS Vaccine Initiative; Virology Core at the Emory Center for AIDS Research [P30 AI050409] FX The investigators thank all the volunteers in Rwanda and Zambia who participated in this study and all staff members at Projet San Francisco in Kigali and the Zambia Emory HIV Research Project in Lusaka who made this study possible. This study was funded by National Institutes of Health Grant AI51231 and the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation Grand Challenges Program (no. 37874/Shaw, to E.H.); National Institutes of Health Grants AI23980 and AI40951, National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Grant R01 40125, National Institute of Mental Health Grant R01 66767, Fogarty International Center Grant D43 TW001042, and the International AIDS Vaccine Initiative (to S.A.); and National Institutes of Health Grant AI067854(CHAVI) (to B.T.K.). This work was supported, in part, by the Virology Core at the Emory Center for AIDS Research (Grant P30 AI050409). We also thank Dr. Hayley Crawford for her critical review of this manuscript. NR 47 TC 46 Z9 46 U1 4 U2 12 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD NOV 15 PY 2011 VL 108 IS 46 BP E1156 EP E1163 DI 10.1073/pnas.1103764108 PG 8 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 847XQ UT WOS:000297008900009 PM 22065783 ER PT J AU Mutchinick, OM Luna-Munoz, L Amar, E Bakker, MK Clementi, M Cocchi, G Dutra, MD Feldkamp, ML Landau, D Leoncini, E Li, Z Lowry, B Marengo, LK Martinez-Frias, ML Mastroiacovo, P Metneki, J Morgan, M Pierini, A Rissman, A Ritvanen, A Scarano, G Siffel, C Szabova, E Arteaga-Vazquez, J AF Mutchinick, Osvaldo M. Luna-Munoz, Leonora Amar, Emmanuelle Bakker, Marian K. Clementi, Maurizio Cocchi, Guido Dutra, Maria da Graca Feldkamp, Marcia L. Landau, Danielle Leoncini, Emanuele Li, Zhu Lowry, Brian Marengo, Lisa K. Martinez-Frias, Maria-Luisa Mastroiacovo, Pierpaolo Metneki, Julia Morgan, Margery Pierini, Anna Rissman, Anke Ritvanen, Annukka Scarano, Gioacchino Siffel, Csaba Szabova, Elena Arteaga-Vazquez, Jazmin TI Conjoined Twins: A Worldwide Collaborative Epidemiological Study of the International Clearinghouse for Birth Defects Surveillance and Research SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS PART C-SEMINARS IN MEDICAL GENETICS LA English DT Article DE conjoined twins; epidemiology; multicentric study; ICBDSR ID CONGENITAL MALFORMATIONS; GRISEOFULVIN TERATOLOGY; ANALYTICAL EMBRYOLOGY; EMBRYOGENESIS; POPULATION; AFRICA; FUSION; SERIES; SETS AB Conjoined twins (CT) are a very rare developmental accident of uncertain etiology. Prevalence has been previously estimated to be 1 in 50,000 to 1 in 100,000 births. The process by which monozygotic twins do not fully separate but form CT is not well understood. The purpose of the present study was to analyze diverse epidemiological aspects of CT, including the different variables listed in the Introduction Section of this issue of the Journal. The study was made possible using the International Clearinghouse for Birth Defects Surveillance and Research (ICBDSR) structure. This multicenter worldwide research includes the largest sample of CT ever studied. A total of 383 carefully reviewed sets of CT obtained from 26,138,837 births reported by 21 Clearinghouse Surveillance Programs (SP) were included in the analysis. Total prevalence was 1.47 per 100,000 births (95% CI: 1.32-1.62). Salient findings including an evident variation in prevalence among SPs: a marked variation in the type of pregnancy outcome, a similarity in the proportion of CT types among programs: a significant female predominance in CT: particularly of the thoracopagus type and a significant male predominance in parapagus and parasitic types: significant differences in prevalence by ethnicity and an apparent increasing prevalence trend in South American countries. No genetic, environmental or demographic significant associated factors were identified. Further work in epidemiology and molecular research is necessary to understand the etiology and pathogenesis involved in the development of this fascinating phenomenon of nature. (C) 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Mutchinick, Osvaldo M.; Luna-Munoz, Leonora; Arteaga-Vazquez, Jazmin] Inst Nacl Ciencias Med & Nutr Salvador Zubiran, Dept Genet, RYVEMCE, Mexico City 14000, DF, Mexico. [Amar, Emmanuelle] Rhone Alps Registry Birth Defects REMERA, Lyon, France. [Bakker, Marian K.] Univ Groningen, Univ Med Ctr Groningen, Dept Genet, NL-9713 AV Groningen, Netherlands. [Clementi, Maurizio] Univ Padua, Dept Pediat, Clin Genet Unit, Padua, Italy. [Cocchi, Guido] Univ Bologna, Dept Pediat, IMER Registry, Bologna, Italy. [Dutra, Maria da Graca] INAGEMP Inst Nacl Genet Med Populac Rio de Janeir, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. [Dutra, Maria da Graca] Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz, Inst Oswaldo Cruz, ECLAMC, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. [Feldkamp, Marcia L.] Univ Utah Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Med Genet, Salt Lake City, UT USA. [Feldkamp, Marcia L.] Utah Dept Hlth, Utah Birth Defect Network, Salt Lake City, UT 84116 USA. [Landau, Danielle] Soroka Univ Med Ctr, Dept Neonatol, Beer Sheva, Israel. [Leoncini, Emanuele; Mastroiacovo, Pierpaolo] Ctr Int Clearinghouse Birth Defects Surveillance, Rome, Italy. [Li, Zhu] Peking Univ Hlth Sci Ctr, Natl Ctr Maternal & Infant Hlth, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Lowry, Brian] Alberta Hlth & Wellness, Alberta Congenital Anomalies Surveillance Syst, Calgary, AB, Canada. [Marengo, Lisa K.] Texas Dept State Hlth Serv, Birth Defects Epidemiol & Surveillance Branch, Austin, TX USA. [Martinez-Frias, Maria-Luisa] ISCIII, CIAC, ECEMC Spanish Collaborat Study Congenital Malform, Madrid, Spain. [Martinez-Frias, Maria-Luisa] Ctr Biomed Res Rare Dis, CIBERER, Madrid, Spain. [Martinez-Frias, Maria-Luisa] Univ Complutense Madrid, Fac Med, Dept Pharmacol, E-28040 Madrid, Spain. [Metneki, Julia] Natl Ctr Healthcare Audit & Inspect, Dept Hungarian Congenital Abnormal Registry & Sur, Budapest, Hungary. [Morgan, Margery] Singleton Hosp, CARIS, Swansea SA2 8QA, W Glam, Wales. [Pierini, Anna] Inst Clin Fisiol, CNR, Epidemiol Unit, RTDC, Pisa, Italy. [Rissman, Anke] Malformat Monitoring Ctr Saxony Anhalt, Magdeburg, Germany. [Ritvanen, Annukka] THL, Natl Inst Hlth & Welf, Helsinki, Finland. [Scarano, Gioacchino] Gen Hosp G Rummo Benevento, Dept Med Genet, Birth Defects Campania Registry, Benevento, Italy. [Siffel, Csaba] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Metropolitan Atlanta Congenital Defects Program, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA USA. [Szabova, Elena] Slovak Med Univ, Slovak Teratol Informat Ctr, Bratislava, Slovakia. RP Mutchinick, OM (reprint author), Inst Nacl Ciencias Med & Nutr Salvador Zubiran, Dept Genet, RYVEMCE, Vasco de Quiroga 15,Secc 16, Mexico City 14000, DF, Mexico. EM osvaldo@servidor.unam.mx RI , emanuele/A-5466-2010; OI , emanuele/0000-0002-7669-8535; Pierini, Anna/0000-0003-3321-9343 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [1U50DD000524-02]; South America ECLAMC: MCT/CNPq, Brazil [573993/2008-4, 476978/2008-4, 554755/2009-2, 306750/2009-0, 402045/2010-6]; Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII, Ministry of Science and Innovation) of Spain; Fundacion 1000 sobre Defectos Congenitos, of Spain; Direzione Generale Diritti di cittadinanza e Coesione sociale-Regione Toscana. FX The authors are grateful to each Surveillance Program's Staff and Members for their work in collecting case data and submission to the ICBDSR Centre. The work conducted at the ICBDSR Centre was supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (1U50DD000524-02). Grant sponsor for South America ECLAMC: MCT/CNPq, Brazil; Grant numbers: 573993/2008-4, 476978/2008-4, 554755/2009-2; 306750/2009-0; 402045/2010-6. This work was in part supported by Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII, Ministry of Science and Innovation) of Spain, and the Fundacion 1000 sobre Defectos Congenitos, of Spain. CIBERER is an initiative of ISCIII. Components of ECEMC's Peripheral Group are gratefully acknowledged. The Tuscany Registry of Birth Defects is funded by the "Direzione Generale Diritti di cittadinanza e Coesione sociale-Regione Toscana." Public Health Genetics, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute and Department of Paediatrics, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia, formerly Victorian Birth Defects Register. NR 69 TC 27 Z9 28 U1 1 U2 22 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1552-4868 J9 AM J MED GENET C JI Am. J. Med. Genet. C PD NOV 15 PY 2011 VL 157C IS 4 BP 274 EP 287 DI 10.1002/ajmg.c.30321 PG 14 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 841DS UT WOS:000296493300004 PM 22002822 ER PT J AU Bermejo-Sanchez, E Cuevas, L Amar, E Bakker, MK Bianca, S Bianchi, F Canfield, MA Castilla, EE Clementi, M Cocchi, G Feldkamp, ML Landau, D Leoncini, E Li, Z Lowry, RB Mastroiacovo, P Mutchinick, OM Rissmann, A Ritvanen, A Scarano, G Siffel, C Szabova, E Martinez-Frias, ML AF Bermejo-Sanchez, Eva Cuevas, Lourdes Amar, Emmanuelle Bakker, Marian K. Bianca, Sebastiano Bianchi, Fabrizio Canfield, Mark A. Castilla, Eduardo E. Clementi, Maurizio Cocchi, Guido Feldkamp, Marcia L. Landau, Danielle Leoncini, Emanuele Li, Zhu Lowry, R. Brian Mastroiacovo, Pierpaolo Mutchinick, Osvaldo M. Rissmann, Anke Ritvanen, Annukka Scarano, Gioacchino Siffel, Csaba Szabova, Elena Martinez-Frias, Maria-Luisa TI Amelia: A Multi-Center Descriptive Epidemiologic Study in a Large Dataset from the International Clearinghouse for Birth Defects Surveillance and Research, and Overview of the Literature SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS PART C-SEMINARS IN MEDICAL GENETICS LA English DT Article DE amelia; epidemiology; prevalence; frequency; ICBDSR ID LIMB REDUCTION DEFECTS; CONGENITAL-ANOMALIES; VERTEBRAL HYPERSEGMENTATION; DEFICIENCIES; MALFORMATIONS; EXPRESSION; TBX5; BUD; ABNORMALITIES; THALIDOMIDE AB This study describes the epidemiology of congenital amelia (absence of limb/s), using the largest series of cases known to date. Data were gathered by 20 surveillance programs on congenital anomalies, all International Clearinghouse for Birth Defects Surveillance and Research members, from all continents but Africa, from 1968 to 2006, depending on the program. Reported clinical information on cases was thoroughly reviewed to identify those strictly meeting the definition of amelia. Those with amniotic bands or limb-body wall complex were excluded. The primary epidemiological analyses focused on isolated cases and those with multiple congenital anomalies (MCA). A total of 326 amelia cases were ascertained among 23,110,591 live births, stillbirths and (for some programs) elective terminations of pregnancy for fetal anomalies. The overall total prevalence was 1.41 per 100,000 (95% confidence interval: 1.26-1.57). Only China Beijing and Mexico RYVEMCE had total prevalences, which were significantly higher than this overall total prevalence. Some under-registration could influence the total prevalence in some programs. Liveborn cases represented 54.6% of total. Among monomelic cases (representing 65.2% of nonsyndromic amelia cases), both sides were equally involved, and the upper limbs (53.9%) were slightly more frequently affected. One of the most interesting findings was a higher prevalence of amelia among offspring of mothers younger than 20 years. Sixty-nine percent of the cases had MCA or syndromes. The most frequent defects associated with amelia were other types of musculoskeletal defects, intestinal, some renal and genital defects, oral clefts, defects of cardiac septa, and anencephaly. (C) 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Bermejo-Sanchez, Eva; Cuevas, Lourdes; Martinez-Frias, Maria-Luisa] ISCIII, ECEMC Spanish Collaborat Study Congenital Malform, CIAC, Madrid 28029, Spain. [Bermejo-Sanchez, Eva] ISCIII, IIER, Madrid 28029, Spain. [Bermejo-Sanchez, Eva; Cuevas, Lourdes; Martinez-Frias, Maria-Luisa] Ctr Biomed Res Rare Dis, CIBERER, Madrid, Spain. [Amar, Emmanuelle] Rhone Alps Registry Birth Defects REMERA, Lyon, France. [Bakker, Marian K.] Univ Groningen, Univ Med Ctr Groningen, Dept Genet, NL-9713 AV Groningen, Netherlands. [Bianca, Sebastiano] Ctr Consulenza Genet & Teratol Riproduz, Dipartimento Materno Infantile, Lab Citogenet, Catania, Italy. [Bianchi, Fabrizio] CNR Inst Clin Physiol, Pisa, Italy. [Bianchi, Fabrizio] CNR Tuscany Reg Gabriele Monasterio Fdn, Pisa, Italy. [Canfield, Mark A.] Texas Dept State Hlth Serv, Birth Defects Epidemiol & Surveillance Branch, Austin, TX USA. [Castilla, Eduardo E.] INAGEMP, Brasilia, DF, Brazil. [Castilla, Eduardo E.] Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz, Inst Oswaldo Cruz, ECLAMC, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. [Castilla, Eduardo E.] CEMIC, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Clementi, Maurizio] Univ Padua, Dept Pediat, Clin Genet Unit, Padua, Italy. [Cocchi, Guido] Univ Bologna, Dept Pediat, IMER Registry, Bologna, Italy. [Feldkamp, Marcia L.] Univ Utah Hlth Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Div Med Genet, Salt Lake City, UT USA. [Feldkamp, Marcia L.] Utah Dept Hlth, Utah Birth Defect Network, Salt Lake City, UT 84116 USA. [Landau, Danielle] Soroka Univ Med Ctr, Dept Neonatol, Beer Sheva, Israel. [Leoncini, Emanuele; Mastroiacovo, Pierpaolo] Ctr Int Clearinghouse Birth Defects Surveillance, Rome, Italy. [Li, Zhu] Peking Univ Hlth Sci Ctr, Natl Ctr Maternal & Infant Hlth, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Lowry, R. Brian] Alberta Hlth & Wellness, Alberta Congenital Anomalies Surveillance Syst, Calgary, AB, Canada. [Mutchinick, Osvaldo M.] Inst Nacl Ciencias Med & Nutr Salvador Zubiran, RYVEMCE, Dept Genet, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. [Rissmann, Anke] Univ Magdeburg, Fac Med, Malformat Monitoring Ctr Saxony Anhalt, D-39106 Magdeburg, Germany. [Ritvanen, Annukka] THL, Natl Inst Hlth & Welf, Helsinki, Finland. [Scarano, Gioacchino] Gen Hosp G Rummo Benevento, Dept Med Genet, Birth Defects Campania Registry, Benevento, Italy. [Siffel, Csaba] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Metropolitan Atlanta Congenital Defects Program, Atlanta, GA USA. [Szabova, Elena] Slovak Med Univ, Slovak Teratol Informat Ctr, Bratislava, Slovakia. [Martinez-Frias, Maria-Luisa] Univ Complutense Madrid, Fac Med, Dept Pharmacol, E-28040 Madrid, Spain. RP Bermejo-Sanchez, E (reprint author), ISCIII, ECEMC Spanish Collaborat Study Congenital Malform, CIAC, Avda Monforte de Lemos 5,Pabellon 3,1A Planta, Madrid 28029, Spain. EM eva.bermejo@isciii.es RI Inagemp, Inct/J-9451-2013; Bianchi, Fabrizio/F-7900-2015; , emanuele/A-5466-2010; OI Bianchi, Fabrizio/0000-0002-3459-9301; , emanuele/0000-0002-7669-8535; BERMEJO-SANCHEZ, EVA/0000-0001-7282-2714 FU Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII, Ministry of Science and Innovation) of Spain; Fundacion 1000 sobre Defectos Congenitos of Spain; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [1U50DD000524-02]; MCT/CNPq, Brazil [573993/2008-4, 476978/2008-4, 554755/2009-2, 306750/2009-0, 402045/2010-6]; Direzione Generale Diritti di cittadinanza e Coesione sociale-Regione Toscana FX The authors are grateful to each surveillance program's staff and members for their work in collecting case data and submission to the ICBDSR Centre. We also thank Dr. Adolfo Correa, from the National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA (USA), for his helpful comments in the preparation of the manuscript. This work was partly supported by Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII, Ministry of Science and Innovation) of Spain, and the Fundacion 1000 sobre Defectos Congenitos of Spain. CIBERER is an initiative of ISCIII. Components of ECEMC's Peripheral Group are gratefully acknowledged. The work conducted at the ICBDSR Centre was supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (1U50DD000524-02). Grant sponsor for South America ECLAMC: MCT/CNPq, Brazil; grant numbers: 573993/2008-4, 476978/2008-4, 554755/2009-2, 306750/2009-0, 402045/2010-6. The Tuscany Registry of Birth Defects is funded by the "Direzione Generale Diritti di cittadinanza e Coesione sociale-Regione Toscana." NR 69 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 11 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1552-4868 J9 AM J MED GENET C JI Am. J. Med. Genet. C PD NOV 15 PY 2011 VL 157C IS 4 BP 288 EP 304 DI 10.1002/ajmg.c.30319 PG 17 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 841DS UT WOS:000296493300005 PM 22002956 ER PT J AU Bermejo-Sanchez, E Cuevas, L Amar, E Bianca, S Bianchi, F Botto, LD Canfield, MA Castilla, EE Clementi, M Cocchi, G Landau, D Leoncini, E Li, Z Lowry, RB Mastroiacovo, P Mutchinick, OM Rissmann, A Ritvanen, A Scarano, G Siffel, C Szabova, E Martinez-Frias, ML AF Bermejo-Sanchez, Eva Cuevas, Lourdes Amar, Emmanuelle Bianca, Sebastiano Bianchi, Fabrizio Botto, Lorenzo D. Canfield, Mark A. Castilla, Eduardo E. Clementi, Maurizio Cocchi, Guido Landau, Danielle Leoncini, Emanuele Li, Zhu Lowry, R. Brian Mastroiacovo, Pierpaolo Mutchinick, Osvaldo M. Rissmann, Anke Ritvanen, Annukka Scarano, Gioacchino Siffel, Csaba Szabova, Elena Martinez-Frias, Maria-Luisa TI Phocomelia: A Worldwide Descriptive Epidemiologic Study in a Large Series of Cases From the International Clearinghouse for Birth Defects Surveillance and Research, and Overview of the Literature SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS PART C-SEMINARS IN MEDICAL GENETICS LA English DT Article DE phocomelia; epidemiology; prevalence; frequency; ICBDSR ID LIMB-REDUCTION DEFECTS; VERTEBRAL HYPERSEGMENTATION; CONGENITAL-ABNORMALITIES; NITROGEN-MUSTARD; RETINOIC ACID; SOUTH-AMERICA; CHICK LIMB; THALIDOMIDE; MALFORMATIONS; DEFICIENCIES AB Epidemiologic data on phocomelia are scarce. This study presents an epidemiologic analysis of the largest series of phocomelia cases known to date. Data were provided by 19 birth defect surveillance programs, all members of the International Clearinghouse for Birth Defects Surveillance and Research. Depending on the program, data corresponded to a period from 1968 through 2006. A total of 22,740,933 live births, stillbirths and, for some programs, elective terminations of pregnancy for fetal anomaly (ETOPFA) were monitored. After a detailed review of clinical data, only true phocomelia cases were included. Descriptive data are presented and additional analyses compared isolated cases with those with multiple congenital anomalies (MCA), excluding syndromes. We also briefly compared congenital anomalies associated with nonsyndromic phocomelia with those presented with amelia, another rare severe congenital limb defect. A total of 141 phocomelia cases registered gave an overall total prevalence of 0.62 per 100,000 births (95% confidence interval: 0.52-0.73). Three programs (Australia Victoria, South America ECLAMC, Italy North East) had significantly different prevalence estimates. Most cases (53.2%) had isolated phocomelia, while 9.9% had syndromes. Most nonsyndromic cases were monomelic (55.9%), with an excess of left (64.9%) and upper limb (64.9%) involvement. Most nonsyndromic cases (66.9%) were live births; most isolated cases (57.9%) weighed more than 2,499 g; most MCA (60.7%) weighed less than 2,500 g, and were more likely stillbirths (30.8%) or ETOPFA (15.4%) than isolated cases. The most common associated defects were musculoskeletal, cardiac, and intestinal. Epidemiological differences between phocomelia and amelia highlighted possible differences in their causes. (C) 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Bermejo-Sanchez, Eva] ISCIII, Inst Invest Enfermedades Raras, CIAC, ECEMC,ECEMC Spanish Collaborat Study Congenital M, Madrid 28029, Spain. [Bermejo-Sanchez, Eva; Cuevas, Lourdes; Martinez-Frias, Maria-Luisa] Ctr Biomed Res Rare Dis, CIBERER, Madrid, Spain. [Amar, Emmanuelle] Rhone Alps Registry Birth Defects REMERA, Lyon, France. [Bianca, Sebastiano] Ctr Consulenza Genet & Teratol Riproduz, Lab Citogenet, Dipartimento Materno Infantile, Catania, Italy. [Bianchi, Fabrizio] CNR Inst Clin Physiol, Pisa, Italy. [Bianchi, Fabrizio] CNR Tuscany Reg Gabriele Monasterio Fdn, Pisa, Italy. [Botto, Lorenzo D.] Univ Utah Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pediat, Div Med Genet, Salt Lake City, UT USA. [Botto, Lorenzo D.] Utah Dept Hlth, Utah Birth Defect Network, Salt Lake City, UT 84116 USA. [Canfield, Mark A.] Texas Dept State Hlth Serv, Birth Defects Epidemiol & Surveillance Branch, Austin, TX USA. [Castilla, Eduardo E.] INAGEMP, Brasilia, DF, Brazil. [Castilla, Eduardo E.] Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz, Inst Oswaldo Cruz, ECLAMC, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. [Castilla, Eduardo E.] CEMIC, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Clementi, Maurizio] Univ Padua, Dept Pediat, Clin Genet Unit, Padua, Italy. [Cocchi, Guido] Univ Bologna, Dept Pediat, IMER Registry, Bologna, Italy. [Landau, Danielle] Soroka Univ Med Ctr, Dept Neonatol, Beer Sheva, Israel. [Leoncini, Emanuele; Mastroiacovo, Pierpaolo] Ctr Int Clearinghouse Birth Defects Surveillance, Rome, Italy. [Li, Zhu] Peking Univ Hlth Sci Ctr, Natl Ctr Maternal & Infant Hlth, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Lowry, R. Brian] Alberta Hlth & Wellness, Alberta Congenital Anomalies Surveillance Syst, Calgary, AB, Canada. [Mutchinick, Osvaldo M.] Inst Nacl Ciencias Med & Nutr Salvador Zubiran, RYVEMCE, Dept Genet, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. [Rissmann, Anke] Univ Magdeburg, Malformat Monitoring Ctr Saxony Anhalt, Fac Med, D-39106 Magdeburg, Germany. [Ritvanen, Annukka] THL, Natl Inst Hlth & Welf, Helsinki, Finland. [Scarano, Gioacchino] Gen Hosp G Rummo Benevento, Dept Med Genet, Birth Defects Campania Registry, Benevento, Italy. [Siffel, Csaba] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Metropolitan Atlanta Congenital Defects Program, Atlanta, GA USA. [Szabova, Elena] Slovak Med Univ, Slovak Teratol Informat Ctr, Bratislava, Slovakia. [Martinez-Frias, Maria-Luisa] Univ Complutense Madrid, Fac Med, Dept Pharmacol, E-28040 Madrid, Spain. RP Bermejo-Sanchez, E (reprint author), ISCIII, Inst Invest Enfermedades Raras, CIAC, ECEMC,ECEMC Spanish Collaborat Study Congenital M, Avda Monforte de Lemos 5,Pabellon 3,1A Planta, Madrid 28029, Spain. EM eva.bermejo@isciii.es RI Inagemp, Inct/J-9451-2013; Bianchi, Fabrizio/F-7900-2015; BERMEJO-SANCHEZ, EVA/E-8703-2012; , emanuele/A-5466-2010 OI Bianchi, Fabrizio/0000-0002-3459-9301; BERMEJO-SANCHEZ, EVA/0000-0001-7282-2714; , emanuele/0000-0002-7669-8535 FU Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII, Ministry of Science and Innovation) of Spain; Fundacion 1000 sobre Defectos Congenitos, of Spain; Center for Disease Control and Prevention [1U50DD000524-02]; MCT/CNPq, Brazil [573993/2008-4, 476978/2008-4, 554755/2009-2, 306750/2009-0, 402045/2010-6]; Direzione Generale Diritti di cittadinanza e Coesione sociale-Regione Toscana FX The authors are grateful to each monitoring system's staff and members for their work in collecting case data and submission to the ICBDSR Centre. We also thank Dr. Adolfo Correa, from the National Center on Birth Defects and Developmental Disabilities, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA (USA), for his helpful comments in the preparation of the manuscript. This work was in part supported by: Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII, Ministry of Science and Innovation) of Spain, and the Fundacion 1000 sobre Defectos Congenitos, of Spain. CIBERER is an initiative of ISCIII. Components of ECEMC's Peripheral Group are gratefully acknowledged. The work conducted at the ICBDSR Centre was supported by the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (1U50DD000524-02). Grant sponsor for South America ECLAMC: MCT/CNPq, Brazil; Grant numbers: 573993/2008-4, 476978/2008-4, 554755/2009-2; 306750/2009-0; 402045/2010-6. The Tuscany Registry of Birth Defects is funded by the "Direzione Generale Diritti di cittadinanza e Coesione sociale-Regione Toscana". NR 56 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 19 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1552-4868 J9 AM J MED GENET C JI Am. J. Med. Genet. C PD NOV 15 PY 2011 VL 157C IS 4 BP 305 EP 320 DI 10.1002/ajmg.c.30320 PG 16 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 841DS UT WOS:000296493300006 PM 22002800 ER PT J AU Siffel, C Correa, A Amar, E Bakker, MK Bermejo-Sanchez, E Bianca, S Castilla, EE Clementi, M Cocchi, G Csaky-Szunyogh, M Feldkamp, ML Landau, D Leoncini, E Li, Z Lowry, RB Marengo, LK Mastroiacovo, P Morgan, M Mutchinick, OM Pierini, A Rissmann, A Ritvanen, A Scarano, G Szabova, E Olney, RS AF Siffel, Csaba Correa, Adolfo Amar, Emmanuelle Bakker, Marian K. Bermejo-Sanchez, Eva Bianca, Sebastiano Castilla, Eduardo E. Clementi, Maurizio Cocchi, Guido Csaky-Szunyogh, Melinda Feldkamp, Marcia L. Landau, Danielle Leoncini, Emanuele Li, Zhu Lowry, R. Brian Marengo, Lisa K. Mastroiacovo, Pierpaolo Morgan, Margery Mutchinick, Osvaldo M. Pierini, Anna Rissmann, Anke Ritvanen, Annukka Scarano, Gioacchino Szabova, Elena Olney, Richard S. TI Bladder Exstrophy: An Epidemiologic Study From the International Clearinghouse for Birth Defects Surveillance and Research, and an Overview of the Literature SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS PART C-SEMINARS IN MEDICAL GENETICS LA English DT Article DE bladder exstrophy; prevalence; sex ratio; maternal age ID TERM-FOLLOW-UP; EPISPADIAS COMPLEX; CLOACAL EXSTROPHY; PRENATAL-DIAGNOSIS; OEIS COMPLEX; CONGENITAL-ABNORMALITIES; ULTRASOUND; ANOMALIES; FAMILIES; RECONSTRUCTION AB Bladder exstrophy (BE) is a complex congenital anomaly characterized by a defect in the closure of the lower abdominal wall and bladder. We aimed to provide an overview of the literature and conduct an epidemiologic study to describe the prevalence, and maternal and case characteristics of BE. We used data from 22 participating member programs of the International Clearinghouse for Birth Defects Surveillance and Research (ICBDSR). All cases were reviewed and classified as isolated, syndrome, and multiple congenital anomalies. We estimated the total prevalence of BE and calculated the frequency and odds ratios for various maternal and case characteristics. A total of 546 cases with BE were identified among 26,355,094 births. The total prevalence of BE was 2.07 per 100,000 births (95% CI: 1.90-2.25) and varied between 0.52 and 4.63 among surveillance programs participating in the study. BE was nearly twice as common among male as among female cases. The proportion of isolated cases was 71%. Prevalence appeared to increase with increasing categories of maternal age, particularly among isolated cases. The total prevalence of BE showed some variations by geographical region, which is most likely attributable to differences in registration of cases. The higher total prevalence among male cases and older mothers, especially among isolated cases, warrants further attention. (C) 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Siffel, Csaba; Correa, Adolfo; Olney, Richard S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Metropolitan Atlanta Congenital Defects Program, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Amar, Emmanuelle] Rhone Alps Registry Birth Defects REMERA, Lyon, France. [Bakker, Marian K.] Univ Groningen, Univ Med Ctr Groningen, Dept Genet, NL-9713 AV Groningen, Netherlands. [Bermejo-Sanchez, Eva] ISCIII, IIER, Madrid, Spain. [Bermejo-Sanchez, Eva] ISCIII, CIAC, ECEMC Spanish Collaborat Study Congenital Malform, Madrid, Spain. [Bermejo-Sanchez, Eva] Ctr Biomed Res Rare Dis, CIBERER, Madrid, Spain. [Bianca, Sebastiano] Ctr Consulenza Genet & Teratol Riproduz, Dipartimento Materno Infantile, Lab Citogenet, Catania, Italy. [Castilla, Eduardo E.] INAGEMP, Brasilia, DF, Brazil. [Castilla, Eduardo E.] Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz, Inst Oswaldo Cruz, ECLAMC, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. [Castilla, Eduardo E.] CEMIC, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Clementi, Maurizio] Univ Padua, Dept Pediat, Clin Genet Unit, Padua, Italy. [Cocchi, Guido] Univ Bologna, Dept Pediat, IMER Registry, Bologna, Italy. [Csaky-Szunyogh, Melinda] Natl Ctr Healthcare Audit & Inspect, Dept Hungarian Congenital Abnormal Registry & Sur, Budapest, Hungary. [Feldkamp, Marcia L.] Univ Utah Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Div Med Genet, Salt Lake City, UT USA. [Feldkamp, Marcia L.] Utah Dept Hlth, Utah Birth Defect Network, Salt Lake City, UT 84116 USA. [Landau, Danielle] Soroka Univ Med Ctr, Dept Neonatol, Beer Sheva, Israel. [Leoncini, Emanuele; Mastroiacovo, Pierpaolo] Ctr Int Clearinghouse Birth Defects Surveillance, Rome, Italy. [Li, Zhu] Peking Univ Hlth Sci Ctr, Natl Ctr Maternal & Infant Hlth, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Lowry, R. Brian] Alberta Hlth & Wellness, Alberta Congenital Anomalies Surveillance Syst, Calgary, AB, Canada. [Marengo, Lisa K.] Texas Dept State Hlth Serv, Birth Defects Epidemiol & Surveillance Branch, Austin, TX USA. [Morgan, Margery] Singleton Hosp, CARIS, Swansea SA2 8QA, W Glam, Wales. [Mutchinick, Osvaldo M.] Inst Nacl Ciencias Med & Nutr Salvador Zubiran, RYVEMCE, Dept Genet, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. [Pierini, Anna] CNR Inst Clin Physiol, Pisa, Italy. [Pierini, Anna] CNR Tuscany Reg Gabriele Monasterio Fdn, Pisa, Italy. [Rissmann, Anke] Univ Magdeburg, Fac Med, Malformat Monitoring Ctr Saxony Anhalt, D-39106 Magdeburg, Germany. [Ritvanen, Annukka] THL, Natl Inst Hlth & Welf, Helsinki, Finland. [Scarano, Gioacchino] Gen Hosp G Rummo Benevento, Dept Med Genet, Birth Defects Campania Registry, Benevento, Italy. [Szabova, Elena] Slovak Med Univ, Slovak Teratol Informat Ctr, Bratislava, Slovakia. RP Siffel, C (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Metropolitan Atlanta Congenital Defects Program, MailStop E-86,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM csiffel@cdc.gov RI Inagemp, Inct/J-9451-2013; , emanuele/A-5466-2010; OI , emanuele/0000-0002-7669-8535; Pierini, Anna/0000-0003-3321-9343; BERMEJO-SANCHEZ, EVA/0000-0001-7282-2714 FU Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII, Ministry of Science and Innovation) of Spain; Fundacion 1000 sobre Defectos Congenitos, of Spain; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [1U50DD000524-02]; MCT/CNPq, Brazil [573993/2008-4, 476978/2008-4, 554755/2009-2, 306750/2009-0, 402045/2010-6]; Direzione Generale Diritti di cittadinanza e Coesione sociale-Regione Toscana FX The authors are grateful to each surveillance program's staff and members for their work in collecting case data and submission to the ICBDSR Centre. This work was in part supported by Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII, Ministry of Science and Innovation) of Spain, and the Fundacion 1000 sobre Defectos Congenitos, of Spain. CIBERER is an initiative of ISCIII. Components of ECEMC's Peripheral Group are gratefully acknowledged. The work conducted at the ICBDSR Centre was supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (1U50DD000524-02). Grant sponsor for South America ECLAMC: MCT/CNPq, Brazil; Grant numbers: 573993/2008-4, 476978/2008-4, 554755/2009-2; 306750/2009-0; 402045/2010-6. The Tuscany Registry of Birth Defects is funded by the "Direzione Generale Diritti di cittadinanza e Coesione sociale-Regione Toscana." NR 74 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 8 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1552-4868 J9 AM J MED GENET C JI Am. J. Med. Genet. C PD NOV 15 PY 2011 VL 157C IS 4 BP 321 EP 332 DI 10.1002/ajmg.c.30316 PG 12 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 841DS UT WOS:000296493300007 PM 22002949 ER PT J AU Feldkamp, ML Botto, LD Amar, E Bakker, MK Bermejo-Sanchez, E Bianca, S Canfield, MA Castilla, EE Clementi, M Csaky-Szunyogh, M Leoncini, E Li, Z Lowry, RB Mastroiacovo, P Merlob, P Morgan, M Mutchinick, OM Rissmann, A Ritvanen, A Siffel, C Carey, JC AF Feldkamp, Marcia L. Botto, Lorenzo D. Amar, Emmanuelle Bakker, Marian K. Bermejo-Sanchez, Eva Bianca, Sebastiano Canfield, Mark A. Castilla, Eduardo E. Clementi, Maurizio Csaky-Szunyogh, Melinda Leoncini, Emanuele Li, Zhu Lowry, R. Brian Mastroiacovo, Pierpaolo Merlob, Paul Morgan, Margery Mutchinick, Osvaldo M. Rissmann, Anke Ritvanen, Annukka Siffel, Csaba Carey, John C. TI Cloacal Exstrophy: An Epidemiologic Study From the International Clearinghouse for Birth Defects Surveillance and Research SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS PART C-SEMINARS IN MEDICAL GENETICS LA English DT Article DE cloacal exstrophy; prevalence; birth defects; clinical findings; OEIS complex ID ANUS-SPINAL DEFECTS; VESICO-INTESTINAL FISSURE; NEURAL-TUBE DEFECTS; OEIS COMPLEX; EPISPADIAS COMPLEX; BLADDER EXSTROPHY; IMPERFORATE ANUS; COVERED EXSTROPHY; IDENTICAL-TWINS; CONJOINED TWINS AB Cloacal exstrophy presents as a complex abdominal wall defect thought to result from a mesodermal abnormality. Anatomically, its main components are Omphalocele, bladder Exstrophy and Imperforate anus. Other associated malformations include renal malformations and Spine defects (OEIS complex). Historically, the prevalence ranges from 1 in 200,000 to 400,000 births, with higher rates in females. Cloacal exstrophy is likely etiologically heterogeneous as suggested by its recurrence in families and occurrence in monozygotic twins. The defect has been described in infants with limb-body wall, with trisomy 18, and in one pregnancy exposed to Dilantin and diazepam. Due to its rarity, the use of a nonspecific diagnostic code for case identification, and lack of validation of the clinical findings, cloacal exstrophy remains an epidemiologic challenge. The purpose of this study was to describe the prevalence, associated anomalies and maternal characteristics among infants born with cloacal exstrophy. We used data from the International Clearinghouse for Birth Defects Surveillance and Research submitted from 18 birth defect surveillance programs representing 24 countries. Cases were clinically evaluated locally and reviewed centrally by two authors. Cases of persistent cloaca were excluded. A total of 186 cases of cloacal exstrophy were identified. Overall prevalence was 1 in 131,579 births: ranging from 1 in 44,444 births in Wales to 1 in 269,464 births in South America. Live birth prevalence was 1 in 184,195 births. Prevalence ratios did not vary by maternal age. Forty-two (22.6%) cases met the criteria for the OEIS complex, whereas 60 (32.3%) were classified as OEI and 18 (9.7%) as EIS (one with suspected VATER (0.5%)). Other findings included two cases with trisomy 13 (one without a karyotype confirmation), one with mosaic trisomy 12 (0.5%), one with mosaic 45, X (0.5%) and one classified as having amnion band sequence (0.5%). Twenty-seven (14.5%) infants had other anomalies unrelated to cloacal exstrophy. Cloacal exstrophy is a rare anomaly with variability in prevalence by geographic location. The proportion of cases classified as OEIS complex was lower in this study than previously reported. Among all cases, 54.8% were reported to have an omphalocele. (C) 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Feldkamp, Marcia L.; Botto, Lorenzo D.; Carey, John C.] Univ Utah Sch Med, Div Med Genet, Dept Pediat, Salt Lake City, UT 84132 USA. [Feldkamp, Marcia L.; Botto, Lorenzo D.; Carey, John C.] Utah Dept Hlth, Utah Birth Defect Network, Salt Lake City, UT 84116 USA. [Amar, Emmanuelle] Rhone Alps Registry Birth Defects REMERA, Lyon, France. [Bakker, Marian K.] Univ Groningen, Univ Med Ctr Groningen, Dept Genet, NL-9713 AV Groningen, Netherlands. [Bermejo-Sanchez, Eva] ISCIII, IIER, Madrid, Spain. [Bermejo-Sanchez, Eva] ISCIII, ECEMC Spanish Collaborat Study Congenital Malform, CIAC, Madrid, Spain. [Bermejo-Sanchez, Eva] Ctr Biomed Res Rare Dis, CIBERER, Madrid, Spain. [Bianca, Sebastiano] Ctr Consulenza Genet & Teratol Riproduz, Dipartimento Materno Infantile, Lab Citogenet, Catania, Italy. [Canfield, Mark A.] Texas Dept State Hlth Serv, Birth Defects Epidemiol & Surveillance Branch, Austin, TX USA. [Castilla, Eduardo E.] Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz, Inst Oswaldo Cruz, ECLAMC, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. [Castilla, Eduardo E.] CEMIC, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Castilla, Eduardo E.] INAGEMP, Brasilia, DF, Brazil. [Clementi, Maurizio] Univ Padua, Dept Pediat, Clin Genet Unit, Padua, Italy. [Csaky-Szunyogh, Melinda] Natl Ctr Healthcare Audit & Inspect, Dept Hungarian Congenital Abnormal Registry & Sur, Budapest, Hungary. [Leoncini, Emanuele; Mastroiacovo, Pierpaolo] Ctr Int Clearinghouse Birth Defects Surveillance, Rome, Italy. [Li, Zhu] Peking Univ Hlth Sci Ctr, Natl Ctr Maternal & Infant Hlth, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Lowry, R. Brian] Alberta Hlth & Wellness, Alberta Congenital Anomalies Surveillance Syst, Calgary, AB, Canada. [Merlob, Paul] Rabin Med Ctr, Petah Tiqwa, Israel. [Merlob, Paul] Tel Aviv Univ, Tel Aviv, Israel. [Morgan, Margery] Singleton Hosp, CARIS, Swansea SA2 8QA, W Glam, Wales. [Mutchinick, Osvaldo M.] Inst Nacl Ciencias Med & Nutr Salvador Zubiran, RYVEMCE, Dept Genet, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. [Rissmann, Anke] Univ Magdeburg, Fac Med, Malformat Monitoring Ctr Saxony Anhalt, D-39106 Magdeburg, Germany. [Ritvanen, Annukka] THL, Natl Inst Hlth & Welf, Helsinki, Finland. [Siffel, Csaba] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Metropolitan Atlanta Congenital Defects Program, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Feldkamp, ML (reprint author), Univ Utah Sch Med, Div Med Genet, Dept Pediat, 2C 412 SOM,50 N Mario Capecchi Dr, Salt Lake City, UT 84132 USA. EM marcia.feldkamp@hsc.utah.edu RI Inagemp, Inct/J-9451-2013; , emanuele/A-5466-2010; OI , emanuele/0000-0002-7669-8535; BERMEJO-SANCHEZ, EVA/0000-0001-7282-2714 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [1U50DD000524-02]; MCT/CNPq, Brazil [573993/2008-4, 476978/2008-4, 554755/2009-2, 306750/2009-0, 402045/2010-6]; Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII, Ministry of Science and Innovation); Fundacion 1000 sobre Defectos FX The authors are grateful to each monitoring systems' staff for their work in collecting case data and submission to the ICBDSR Centre. Work conducted at the ICBDSR was supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (1U50DD000524-02). The authors are also grateful to Jeri Fowles, R.N., for the illustrations and Sergey Krikov, M.S. (University of Utah) for assisting with data analysis and illustrations. Grant sponsor for South America ECLAMC: MCT/CNPq, Brazil; Grant numbers: 573993/2008-4, 476978/2008-4, 554755/2009-2; 306750/2009-0; 402045/2010-6. In Spain, this work was supported in part by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII, Ministry of Science and Innovation) and the Fundacion 1000 sobre Defectos. CIBERER is an initiative of ISCIII. Components of ECEMC's Peripheral Group are gratefully acknowledged. NR 68 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 9 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1552-4868 J9 AM J MED GENET C JI Am. J. Med. Genet. C PD NOV 15 PY 2011 VL 157C IS 4 BP 333 EP 343 DI 10.1002/ajmg.c.30317 PG 11 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 841DS UT WOS:000296493300008 PM 22002951 ER PT J AU Orioli, IM Amar, E Bakker, MK Bermejo-Sanchez, E Bianchi, F Canfield, MA Clementi, M Correa, A Csaky-Szunyogh, M Feldkamp, ML Landau, D Leoncini, E Li, Z Lowry, RB Mastroiacovo, P Morgan, M Mutchinick, OM Rissmann, A Ritvanen, A Scarano, G Szabova, E Castilla, EE AF Orioli, Ieda M. Amar, Emmanuelle Bakker, Marian K. Bermejo-Sanchez, Eva Bianchi, Fabrizio Canfield, Mark A. Clementi, Maurizio Correa, Adolfo Csaky-Szunyogh, Melinda Feldkamp, Marcia L. Landau, Danielle Leoncini, Emanuele Li, Zhu Lowry, R. Brian Mastroiacovo, Pierpaolo Morgan, Margery Mutchinick, Osvaldo M. Rissmann, Anke Ritvanen, Annukka Scarano, Gioacchino Szabova, Elena Castilla, Eduardo E. TI Cyclopia: An Epidemiologic Study in a Large Dataset From the International Clearinghouse of Birth Defects Surveillance and Research SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS PART C-SEMINARS IN MEDICAL GENETICS LA English DT Article DE cyclopia; holoprosencephaly; trisomy 13; prevalence; global; world prevalence; epidemiology; clinical ID MEDIAN CLEFT LIP; RISK-FACTORS; METROPOLITAN ATLANTA; PRENATAL-DIAGNOSIS; GENETICS; POPULATION; PERSPECTIVES; BRAIN; MALFORMATION; SIRENOMELIA AB Cyclopia is characterized by the presence of a single eye, with varying degrees of doubling of the intrinsic ocular structures, located in the middle of the face. It is the severest facial expression of the holoprosencephaly (HPE) spectrum. This study describes the prevalence, associated malformations, and maternal characteristics among cases with cyclopia. Data originated in 20 Clearinghouse (ICBDSR) affiliated birth defect surveillance systems, reported according to a single pre-established protocol. A total of 257 infants with cyclopia were identified. Overall prevalence was 1 in 100,000 births (95% CI: 0.89-1.14), with only one program being out of range. Across sites, there was no correlation between cyclopia prevalence and number of births (r = 0.08; P = 0.75) or proportion of elective termination of pregnancy (r = -0.01; P = 0.97). The higher prevalence of cyclopia among older mothers (older than 34) was not statistically significant. The majority of cases were liveborn (122/200; 61%) and females predominated (male/total: 42%). A substantial proportion of cyclopias (31%) were caused by chromosomal anomalies, mainly trisomy 13. Another 31% of the cases of cyclopias were associated with defects not typically related to HPE, with more hydrocephalus, heterotaxia defects, neural tube defects, and preaxial reduction defects than the chromosomal group, suggesting the presence of ciliopathies or other unrecognized syndromes. Cyclopia is a very rare defect without much variability in prevalence by geographic location. The heterogeneous etiology with a high prevalence of chromosomal abnormalities, and female predominance in HPE, were confirmed, but no effect of increased maternal age or association with twinning was observed. (C) 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Orioli, Ieda M.] Inst Biol, Dept Genet, ECLAMC, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. [Orioli, Ieda M.; Castilla, Eduardo E.] INAGEMP, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. [Amar, Emmanuelle] Rhone Alps Registry Birth Defects REMERA, Lyon, France. [Bakker, Marian K.] Univ Groningen, Univ Med Ctr Groningen, Dept Genet, NL-9713 AV Groningen, Netherlands. [Bermejo-Sanchez, Eva] ISCIII, IIER, Madrid, Spain. [Bermejo-Sanchez, Eva] ISCIII, ECEMC Spanish Collaborat Study Congenital Malform, CIAC, Madrid, Spain. [Bermejo-Sanchez, Eva] Ctr Biomed Res Rare Dis, CIBERER, Madrid, Spain. [Bianchi, Fabrizio] IFC CNR, Epidemiol Unit, RTDC, Pisa, Italy. [Canfield, Mark A.] Texas Dept State Hlth Serv, Birth Defects Epidemiol & Surveillance Branch, Austin, TX USA. [Clementi, Maurizio] Univ Padua, Dept Pediat, Clin Genet Unit, Padua, Italy. [Correa, Adolfo] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA USA. [Csaky-Szunyogh, Melinda] Natl Ctr Healthcare Audit & Inspect, Dept Hungarian Congenital Abnormal Registry & Sur, Budapest, Hungary. [Feldkamp, Marcia L.] Univ Utah Hlth Sci Ctr, Div Med Genet, Dept Pediat, Salt Lake City, UT USA. [Feldkamp, Marcia L.] Utah Dept Hlth, Utah Birth Defect Network, Salt Lake City, UT 84116 USA. [Landau, Danielle] Soroka Univ Med Ctr, Dept Neonatol, Beer Sheva, Israel. [Leoncini, Emanuele; Mastroiacovo, Pierpaolo] Ctr Int Clearinghouse Birth Defects Surveillance, Rome, Italy. [Li, Zhu] Peking Univ Hlth Sci Ctr, Natl Ctr Maternal & Infant Hlth, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Lowry, R. Brian] Alberta Hlth & Wellness, Alberta Congenital Anomalies Surveillance Syst, Calgary, AB, Canada. [Morgan, Margery] Singleton Hosp, CARIS, Swansea SA2 8QA, W Glam, Wales. [Mutchinick, Osvaldo M.] Inst Nacl Ciencias Med & Nutr Salvador Zubiran Va, RYVEMCE, Dept Genet, Secc 16, Delegacion Tlapan, Mexico. [Rissmann, Anke] Univ Magdeburg, Fac Med, Malformat Monitoring Ctr Saxony Anhalt, D-39106 Magdeburg, Germany. [Ritvanen, Annukka] THL, Natl Inst Hlth & Welf, Helsinki, Finland. [Scarano, Gioacchino] Gen Hosp G Rummo Benevento, Dept Med Genet, Birth Defects Campania Registry, Benevento, Italy. [Szabova, Elena] Slovak Med Univ, Slovak Teratol Informat Ctr, Bratislava, Slovakia. [Castilla, Eduardo E.] CEMIC, ECLAMC, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Castilla, Eduardo E.] Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz, Inst Oswaldo Cruz, Lab Epidemiol Malformacoes Congenitas, ECLAMC, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. RP Orioli, IM (reprint author), Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, Dept Genet, Caixa Postal 68-011, BR-21944970 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. EM orioli@centroin.com.br RI Inagemp, Inct/J-9451-2013; Bianchi, Fabrizio/F-7900-2015; BERMEJO-SANCHEZ, EVA/E-8703-2012; , emanuele/A-5466-2010 OI Bianchi, Fabrizio/0000-0002-3459-9301; BERMEJO-SANCHEZ, EVA/0000-0001-7282-2714; , emanuele/0000-0002-7669-8535 FU MCT/CNPq, Brazil [573993/2008-4, 476978/2008-4, 554755/2009-2, 306750/2009-0, 402045/2010-6]; FAPERJ, Brazil [E-26/102.748/2008, E-26/170.007/2008]; CAPES, Brazil [1957/2009, 2799/2010]; Center for Disease Control and Prevention [1U50DD000524-02]; Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII, Ministry of Science and Innovation) of Spain; Fundacion 1000 Sobre Defectos Congenitos of Spain FX Grant sponsor: MCT/CNPq, Brazil; Grant numbers: 573993/2008-4, 476978/2008-4, 554755/2009-2, 306750/2009-0, 402045/2010-6; Grant sponsor: FAPERJ, Brazil; Grant numbers: E-26/102.748/2008, E-26/170.007/2008; Grant sponsor: CAPES, Brazil; Grant numbers: 1957/2009, 2799/2010; Grant sponsor: Center for Disease Control and Prevention; Grant number: 1U50DD000524-02; Grant sponsor: Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII, Ministry of Science and Innovation) of Spain; Grant sponsor: Fundacion 1000 Sobre Defectos Congenitos of Spain. NR 66 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 8 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1552-4868 J9 AM J MED GENET C JI Am. J. Med. Genet. C PD NOV 15 PY 2011 VL 157C IS 4 BP 344 EP 357 DI 10.1002/ajmg.c.30323 PG 14 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 841DS UT WOS:000296493300009 PM 22006661 ER PT J AU Orioli, IM Amar, E Arteaga-Vazquez, J Bakker, MK Bianca, S Botto, LD Clementi, M Correa, A Csaky-Szunyogh, M Leoncini, E Li, Z Lopez-Camelo, JS Lowry, RB Marengo, L Martinez-Frias, ML Mastroiacovo, P Morgan, M Pierini, A Ritvanen, A Scarano, G Szabova, E Castilla, EE AF Orioli, Ieda M. Amar, Emmanuelle Arteaga-Vazquez, Jazmin Bakker, Marian K. Bianca, Sebastiano Botto, Lorenzo D. Clementi, Maurizio Correa, Adolfo Csaky-Szunyogh, Melinda Leoncini, Emanuele Li, Zhu Lopez-Camelo, Jorge S. Lowry, R. Brian Marengo, Lisa Martinez-Frias, Maria-Luisa Mastroiacovo, Pierpaolo Morgan, Margery Pierini, Anna Ritvanen, Annukka Scarano, Gioacchino Szabova, Elena Castilla, Eduardo E. TI Sirenomelia: An Epidemiologic Study in a Large Dataset From the International Clearinghouse of Birth Defects Surveillance and Research, and Literature Review SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS PART C-SEMINARS IN MEDICAL GENETICS LA English DT Review DE sirenomelia; caudal regression spectrum; twinning; maternal age; world prevalence; caudal dysgenesis ID GESTATIONAL DIABETES-MELLITUS; EARLY PRENATAL-DIAGNOSIS; SINGLE UMBILICAL ARTERY; CAUDAL REGRESSION; MERMAID-SYNDROME; VACTERL ASSOCIATION; CONGENITAL-ANOMALIES; PTERYGIUM SYNDROME; SURVIVING INFANT; RENAL AGENESIS AB Sirenomelia is a very rare limb anomaly in which the normally paired lower limbs are replaced by a single midline limb. This study describes the prevalence, associated malformations, and maternal characteristics among cases with sirenomelia. Data originated from 19 birth defect surveillance system members of the International Clearinghouse for Birth Defects Surveillance and Research, and were reported according to a single preestablished protocol. Cases were clinically evaluated locally and reviewed centrally. A total of 249 cases with sirenomelia were identified among 25,290,172 births, for a prevalence of 0.98 per 100,000, with higher prevalence in the Mexican registry. An increase of sirenomelia prevalence with maternal age less than 20 years was statistically significant. The proportion of twinning was 9%, higher than the 1% expected. Sex was ambiguous in 47% of cases, and no different from expectation in the rest. The proportion of cases born alive, premature, and weighting less than 2,500 g were 47%, 71.2%, and 88.2%, respectively. Half of the cases with sirenomelia also presented with genital, large bowel, and urinary defects. About 10-15% of the cases had lower spinal column defects, single or anomalous umbilical artery, upper limb, cardiac, and central nervous system defects. There was a greater than expected association of sirenomelia with other very rare defects such as bladder exstrophy, cyclopia/holoprosencephaly, and acardia-acephalus. The application of the new biological network analysis approach, including molecular results, to these associated very rare diseases is suggested for future studies. (C) 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Orioli, Ieda M.] Inst Biol, Dept Genet, ECLAMC, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. [Orioli, Ieda M.; Lopez-Camelo, Jorge S.; Castilla, Eduardo E.] INAGEMP, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. [Amar, Emmanuelle] Rhone Alps Registry Birth Defects REMERA, Lyon, France. [Arteaga-Vazquez, Jazmin] Inst Nacl Ciencias Med & Nutr Salvador Zubiran, RYVEMCE, Dept Genet, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. [Bakker, Marian K.] Univ Groningen, Univ Med Ctr Groningen, Dept Genet, NL-9713 AV Groningen, Netherlands. [Bianca, Sebastiano] Ctr Consulenza Genet & Teratol Riproduz, Lab Citogenet, Dipartimento Materno Infantile, Catania, Italy. [Botto, Lorenzo D.] Univ Utah Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pediat, Div Med Genet, Salt Lake City, UT USA. [Botto, Lorenzo D.] Utah Dept Hlth, Utah Birth Defect Network, Salt Lake City, UT 84116 USA. [Clementi, Maurizio] Univ Padua, Dept Pediat, Clin Genet Unit, Padua, Italy. [Correa, Adolfo] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Metropolitan Atlanta Congenital Defects Program, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA USA. [Csaky-Szunyogh, Melinda] Natl Ctr Healthcare Audit & Inspect, Dept Hungarian Congenital Abnormal Registry & Sur, Budapest, Hungary. [Leoncini, Emanuele; Mastroiacovo, Pierpaolo] Ctr Int Clearinghouse Birth Defects Surveillance, Rome, Italy. [Li, Zhu] Peking Univ Hlth Sci Ctr, Natl Ctr Maternal & Infant Hlth, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Lopez-Camelo, Jorge S.; Castilla, Eduardo E.] CEMIC, ECLAMC, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Lowry, R. Brian] Alberta Hlth & Wellness, Alberta Congenital Anomalies Surveillance Syst, Calgary, AB, Canada. [Marengo, Lisa] Texas Dept State Hlth Serv, Birth Defects Epidemiol & Surveillance Branch, Austin, TX USA. [Martinez-Frias, Maria-Luisa] ISCIII, ECEMC Spanish Collaborat Study Congenital Malform, CIAC, Madrid, Spain. [Martinez-Frias, Maria-Luisa] Ctr Biomed Res Rare Dis, CIBERER, Madrid, Spain. [Martinez-Frias, Maria-Luisa] Univ Complutense Madrid, Fac Med, Dept Pharmacol, E-28040 Madrid, Spain. [Morgan, Margery] Singleton Hosp, CARIS, Swansea SA2 8QA, W Glam, Wales. [Pierini, Anna] IFC CNR, Epidemiol Unit, RTDC, Pisa, Italy. [Ritvanen, Annukka] THL, Natl Inst Hlth & Welf, Helsinki, Finland. [Scarano, Gioacchino] Gen Hosp G Rummo Benevento, Dept Med Genet, Birth Defects Campania Registry, Benevento, Italy. [Szabova, Elena] Slovak Med Univ, Slovak Teratol Informat Ctr, Bratislava, Slovakia. [Castilla, Eduardo E.] Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz, Inst Oswaldo Cruz, ECLAMC, Lab Epidemiol Malformacoes Congenitas, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. RP Orioli, IM (reprint author), Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, Dept Genet, Caixa Postal 68-011, BR-21944970 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. EM orioli@centroin.com.br RI Inagemp, Inct/J-9451-2013; , emanuele/A-5466-2010; OI , emanuele/0000-0002-7669-8535; Pierini, Anna/0000-0003-3321-9343 FU MCT/CNPq, Brazil [573993/2008-4, 476978/2008-4, 554755/2009-2, 306750/2009-0, 402045/2010-6]; FAPERJ, Brazil [E-26/102.748/2008, E-26/170.007/2008]; CAPES, Brazil [1957/2009, 2799/2010]; Center for Disease Control and Prevention [1U50DD000524-02]; Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII, Ministry of Science and Innovation) of Spain; Fundacion 1000 sobre Defectos Congenitos, of Spain FX This study was supported by the MCT/CNPq, Brazil (grant nos. 573993/2008-4, 476978/2008-4, 554755/2009-2, 306750/2009-0, 402045/2010-6), FAPERJ, Brazil (grant nos. E-26/102.748/2008, E-26/170.007/2008), and CAPES, Brazil (grant nos. 1957/2009, 2799/2010). Work conducted at the Centre of the International Clearinghouse for Birth Defects Surveillance and Research was supported by the Center for Disease Control and Prevention (1U50DD000524-02). This work was in part supported by Instituto de Salud Carlos III (ISCIII, Ministry of Science and Innovation) of Spain, and the Fundacion 1000 sobre Defectos Congenitos, of Spain. CIBERER is an initiative of ISCIII. CIBERER is an initiative of ISCIII. Components of ECEMC's Peripheral Group are gratefully acknowledged. NR 91 TC 19 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 14 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1552-4868 J9 AM J MED GENET C JI Am. J. Med. Genet. C PD NOV 15 PY 2011 VL 157C IS 4 BP 358 EP 373 DI 10.1002/ajmg.c.30324 PG 16 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 841DS UT WOS:000296493300010 PM 22002878 ER PT J AU Branum, AM Parker, JD Keim, SA Schempf, AH AF Branum, Amy M. Parker, Jennifer D. Keim, Sarah A. Schempf, Ashley H. TI Prepregnancy Body Mass Index and Gestational Weight Gain in Relation to Child Body Mass Index Among Siblings SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE birth weight; body mass index; family; fixed effects model; pregnancy outcome; prenatal nutritional physiological phenomena; weight gain ID BIRTH-WEIGHT; OBESITY; ENVIRONMENT; COHORT; RISK; ADIPOSITY; PREGNANCY; ASSOCIATIONS; MOTHERS; PAIRS AB There is increasing evidence that in utero effects of excessive gestational weight gain may result in increased weight in children; however, studies have not controlled for shared genetic or environmental factors between mothers and children. Using 2,758 family groups from the Collaborative Perinatal Project, the authors examined the association of maternal prepregnancy body mass index (BMI) and gestational weight gain on child BMI at age 4 years using both conventional generalized estimating equations and fixed-effects models that account for shared familial factors. With generalized estimating equations, prepregnancy BMI and gestational weight gain had similar associations with the child BMI z score (beta = 0.09 units, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.08, 0.11; and beta = 0.07 units, 95% CI: 0.04, 0.11, respectively). However, fixed effects resulted in null associations for both prepregnancy BMI (beta = 0.03 units, 95% CI: -0.01, 0.07) and gestational weight gain (beta = 0.03 units, 95% CI: -0.02, 0.08) with child BMI z score at age 4 years. The positive association between gestational weight gain and child BMI at age 4 years may be explained by shared family characteristics (e.g., genetic, behavioral, and environmental factors) rather than in utero programming. Future studies should continue to evaluate the relative roles of important familial and environmental factors that may influence BMI and obesity in children. C1 [Branum, Amy M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Infant & Womens Hlth Stat Branch, Off Anal & Epidemiol, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. [Keim, Sarah A.] Ohio State Univ, Coll Med, Res Inst, Nationwide Childrens Hosp,Ctr Biobehav Hlth, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Schempf, Ashley H.] US Dept HHS, Off Epidemiol Policy & Evaluat, Maternal & Child Hlth Bur, Hlth Resources & Serv Adm, Rockville, MD USA. RP Branum, AM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Infant & Womens Hlth Stat Branch, Off Anal & Epidemiol, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, 3311 Toledo Rd,Room 6113, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. EM ambranum@cdc.gov RI Keim, Sarah/F-8929-2013; OI Keim, Sarah/0000-0003-3490-3649; Hirai, Ashley/0000-0002-6980-1039 NR 33 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 8 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD NOV 15 PY 2011 VL 174 IS 10 BP 1159 EP 1165 DI 10.1093/aje/kwr250 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 842WK UT WOS:000296632300007 PM 21984656 ER PT J AU Chevrier, J Harley, KG Bradman, A Sjodin, A Eskenazi, B AF Chevrier, Jonathan Harley, Kim G. Bradman, Asa Sjoedin, Andreas Eskenazi, Brenda TI Prenatal Exposure to Polybrominated Diphenyl Ether Flame Retardants and Neonatal Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone Levels in the CHAMACOS Study SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE endocrine disruptors; flame retardants; halogenated diphenyl ethers; prenatal exposure delayed effects; thyroid hormones; thyrotropin ID POLYCHLORINATED-BIPHENYLS PCBS; HUMAN-SERUM; HOUSE-DUST; PBDES; RATS; DISRUPTION; TRANSTHYRETIN; ASSOCIATIONS; POPULATION; MECHANISMS AB Studies published in the last 3 decades have demonstrated global human exposure to polybrominated diphenyl ether (PBDE) flame retardants. A growing body of literature suggests that PBDEs may disrupt thyroid hormone homeostasis. Although thyroid hormones play an essential role in brain development, few studies have investigated relations between prenatal exposure to PBDEs and neonatal thyroid hormone levels, and none have measured thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels in neonates. The authors measured 10 PBDE congeners in serum collected between October 1999 and October 2000 from 289 pregnant women living in California's Salinas Valley and abstracted TSH levels from their children's medical records. Individual PBDE congeners showed null or weak nonsignificant inverse relations with neonatal TSH. Total serum PBDE was not associated with neonatal TSH (beta = 0.00, 95% confidence interval: -0.06, 0.06). Except for brominated diphenyl ether 153, a higher serum PBDE level was related to elevated odds of high TSH (>= 80th percentile), but associations were not statistically significant. Associations were not modified by infant sex, age at TSH measurement, maternal serum polychlorinated biphenyl concentration, or mode of delivery. Results were robust to sensitivity analysis. The authors found no conclusive evidence that prenatal exposure to PBDEs at levels similar to those of the general US population is related to neonatal TSH. C1 [Chevrier, Jonathan; Harley, Kim G.; Bradman, Asa; Eskenazi, Brenda] Univ Calif Berkeley, Ctr Environm Res & Childrens Hlth, Sch Publ Hlth, Berkeley, CA 94704 USA. [Sjoedin, Andreas] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Chevrier, J (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Ctr Environm Res & Childrens Hlth, Sch Publ Hlth, 1995 Univ Ave,Suite 265, Berkeley, CA 94704 USA. EM chevrier@berkeley.edu RI Sjodin, Andreas/F-2464-2010 FU Environmental Protection Agency [RD 83171001]; National Institute for Environmental Health Sciences [RO1 ES015572, PO1 ES009605]; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX This research was supported by the Environmental Protection Agency (grant RD 83171001) and the National Institute for Environmental Health Sciences (grants RO1 ES015572 and PO1 ES009605).; The contents of this publication are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the funders or the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 41 TC 28 Z9 29 U1 2 U2 19 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD NOV 15 PY 2011 VL 174 IS 10 BP 1166 EP 1174 DI 10.1093/aje/kwr223 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 842WK UT WOS:000296632300008 PM 21984658 ER PT J AU Kapogiannis, BG Soe, MM Nesheim, SR Abrams, EJ Carter, RJ Farley, J Palumbo, P Koenig, LJ Bulterys, M AF Kapogiannis, Bill G. Soe, Minn M. Nesheim, Steven R. Abrams, Elaine J. Carter, Rosalind J. Farley, John Palumbo, Paul Koenig, Linda J. Bulterys, Marc TI Mortality Trends in the US Perinatal AIDS Collaborative Transmission Study (1986-2004) SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; HIV-INFECTED CHILDREN; IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS-INFECTION; DISEASE PROGRESSION; OPPORTUNISTIC INFECTIONS; HIV-1-INFECTED CHILDREN; PREDICT MORTALITY; VIRAL LOAD; UNINFECTED CHILDREN; CHANGING PATTERNS AB Background. Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has improved human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated morbidity and mortality. The bimodal mortality distribution in HIV-infected children makes it important to evaluate temporal effects of HAART among a birth cohort with long-term, prospective follow-up. Methods. Perinatal AIDS Collaborative Transmission Study (PACTS)/PACTS-HIV Follow-up of Perinatally Exposed Children (HOPE) study was a Centers for Disease Control and Prevention-sponsored multicenter, prospective birth cohort study of HIV-exposed uninfected and infected infants from 1985 until 2004. Mortality was evaluated for the no/monotherapy, mono-/dual-therapy, and HAART eras, that is, 1 January 1986 through 31 December 1990, from 1 January 1991 through 31 December 1996, and 1 January 1997 through 31 December 2004. Results. Among 364 HIV-infected children, 56% were female and 69% black non-Hispanic. Of 98 deaths, 79 (81%) and 61 (62%) occurred in children < 3 and < 2 years old, respectively. The median age at death increased significantly across the eras (P < .0001). The average annual mortality rates were 18 (95% confidence interval [CI], 11.6-26.8), 6.9 (95% CI, 5.4-8.8), and 0.8 (95% CI, 0.4-1.5) events per 100 person-years for the no/monotherapy, mono-/dual-therapy and HAART eras, respectively. The corresponding 6-year survival rates for children born in these eras were 57%, 76%, and 91%, respectively (P < .0001). Among children who received HAART in the first 6 months of age, the probability of 6-year survival was 94%. Ten-year survival rates for HAART and non-HAART recipients were 94% and 45% (P < .05). HAART-associated reductions in mortality remained significant after adjustment for confounders (hazard ratio, 0.3; 95% CI, .08-.76). Opportunistic infections (OIs) caused 31.8%, 16.9%, and 9.1% of deaths across the respective eras (P = .051). Conclusions. A significant decrease in annual mortality and a prolongation in survival were seen in this US perinatal cohort of HIV-infected children. Temporal decreases in OI-associated mortality resulted in relative proportional increases of non-OI-associated deaths. C1 [Kapogiannis, Bill G.] Eunice Kennedy Shriver Natl Inst Child Hlth & Hum, Ctr Res Mothers & Children, Pediat Adolescent & Maternal AIDS Branch, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Kapogiannis, Bill G.; Nesheim, Steven R.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Div Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Kapogiannis, Bill G.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Atlanta, GA USA. [Soe, Minn M.; Nesheim, Steven R.; Koenig, Linda J.; Bulterys, Marc] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA USA. [Abrams, Elaine J.] Columbia Univ, Dept Pediat, Harlem Hosp Ctr, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Abrams, Elaine J.; Carter, Rosalind J.] Columbia Univ, Mailman Sch Publ Hlth, ICAP, New York, NY USA. [Carter, Rosalind J.] Med & Hlth Res Assoc, New York, NY USA. [Farley, John] Univ Maryland, Dept Pediat, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [Farley, John] US FDA, Ctr Drug Evaluat & Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Palumbo, Paul] Dartmouth Coll, Dept Pediat, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. [Palumbo, Paul] Univ Med & Dent New Jersey, Dept Pediat, Newark, NJ 07103 USA. RP Kapogiannis, BG (reprint author), Eunice Kennedy Shriver Natl Inst Child Hlth & Hum, Ctr Res Mothers & Children, Pediat Adolescent & Maternal AIDS Branch, NIH, 6100 Execut Blvd,Room 4B11J, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM kapogiannisb@mail.nih.gov FU CDC (Medical and Health Research Association of New York City) [U64/CCU207228]; University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey-New Jersey Medical School [U64/CCU202219]; University of Maryland School of Medicine [U64/CCU306825]; Emory University School of Medicine [U64/CCU404456] FX PACTS and PACTS-HOPE were funded between 1985 and 2004 by the CDC through cooperative agreements U64/CCU207228 (Medical and Health Research Association of New York City), U64/CCU202219 (University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey-New Jersey Medical School), U64/CCU306825 (University of Maryland School of Medicine), and U64/CCU404456 (Emory University School of Medicine).; B. G. K. and S. R. N. were funded by a grant to Emory University School of Medicine, J. F. by a grant to the University of Maryland School of Medicine, and P. P. by a grant to the University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey. All other authors report no potential conflicts. NR 66 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD NOV 15 PY 2011 VL 53 IS 10 BP 1024 EP 1034 DI 10.1093/cid/cir641 PG 11 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 834CV UT WOS:000295937100012 PM 22002982 ER PT J AU Gustin, KM Maines, TR Belser, JA van Hoeven, N Lu, XH Dong, LB Isakova-Sivak, I Chen, LM Voeten, JTM Heldens, JGM van den Bosch, H Cox, NJ Tumpey, TM Klimov, AI Rudenko, L Donis, RO Katz, JM AF Gustin, Kortney M. Maines, Taronna R. Belser, Jessica A. van Hoeven, Neal Lu, Xuihua Dong, Libo Isakova-Sivak, Irina Chen, Li-Mei Voeten, J. Theo M. Heldens, Jacco G. M. van den Bosch, Han Cox, Nancy J. Tumpey, Terrence M. Klimov, Alexander I. Rudenko, Larisa Donis, Ruben O. Katz, Jacqueline M. TI Comparative Immunogenicity and Cross-Clade Protective Efficacy of Mammalian Cell-Grown Inactivated and Live Attenuated H5N1 Reassortant Vaccines in Ferrets SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID AVIAN INFLUENZA-VIRUSES; RESPIRATORY-TRACT; REVERSE-GENETICS; HEMAGGLUTININ; ANTIBODIES; INFECTION; HUMANS; STRATEGIES; CHALLENGE; IMMUNITY AB Continued H5N1 virus infection in humans highlights the need for vaccine strategies that provide cross-clade protection against this rapidly evolving virus. We report a comparative evaluation in ferrets of the immunogenicity and cross-protective efficacy of isogenic mammalian cell-grown, live attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV) and adjuvanted, whole-virus, inactivated influenza vaccine (IIV), produced from a clade 1 H5N1 6:2 reassortant vaccine candidate (caVN1203-Len17rg) based on the cold-adapted A/Leningrad/134/17/57 (H2N2) master donor virus. Two doses of LAIV or IIV provided complete protection against lethal homologous H5N1 virus challenge and a reduction in virus shedding and disease severity after heterologous clade 2.2.1 H5N1 virus challenge and increased virus-specific serum and nasal wash antibody levels. Although both vaccines demonstrated cross-protective efficacy, LAIV induced higher levels of nasal wash IgA and reduction of heterologous virus shedding, compared with IIV. Thus, enhanced respiratory tract antibody responses elicited by LAIV were associated with improved cross-clade protection. C1 [Gustin, Kortney M.; Maines, Taronna R.; Belser, Jessica A.; van Hoeven, Neal; Lu, Xuihua; Dong, Libo; Isakova-Sivak, Irina; Chen, Li-Mei; Cox, Nancy J.; Tumpey, Terrence M.; Klimov, Alexander I.; Donis, Ruben O.; Katz, Jacqueline M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Isakova-Sivak, Irina; Rudenko, Larisa] Russian Acad Med Sci, Inst Expt Med, Dept Virol, St Petersburg, Russia. [Voeten, J. Theo M.; Heldens, Jacco G. M.; van den Bosch, Han] Nobilon Int BV, R&D, Dept Virol, Boxmeer, Netherlands. RP Katz, JM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, MS G-16,1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM jmk9@cdc.gov RI Rudenko, Larisa/B-5169-2015; Isakova-Sivak, Irina/C-1034-2014 OI Rudenko, Larisa/0000-0002-0107-9959; Isakova-Sivak, Irina/0000-0002-2801-1508 FU Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education; Nobilon International; BioDiem FX This work was supported by Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (to K. M. G.). This work was conducted under a joint Cooperative Research and Development Agreement between the National Center for Infectious Disease, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Nobilon International, and BioDiem.; J. T. M. V., J. G. M. H., H. v. d. B. were employees of Nobilon International BV at the time of the study. L. R. is a nonexecutive director of BioDiem. A. I. K., R. O. D., and J. M. K. received research funds from Nobilon International and BioDiem for this work. All other authors: no conflicts. NR 47 TC 25 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD NOV 15 PY 2011 VL 204 IS 10 BP 1491 EP 1499 DI 10.1093/infdis/jir596 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 834UU UT WOS:000295990400004 PM 21957153 ER PT J AU Calix, JJ Oliver, MB Sherwood, LK Beall, B Hollingshead, SK Nahm, MH AF Calix, Juan J. Oliver, Melissa B. Sherwood, Logan K. Beall, BernardW. Hollingshead, Susan K. Nahm, Moon H. TI Streptococcus pneumoniae Serotype 9A Isolates Contain Diverse Mutations to wcjE That Result in Variable Expression of Serotype 9V-specific Epitope SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID CAPSULAR POLYSACCHARIDE; CONJUGATE VACCINE; O-ACETYLATION; UNITED-STATES; CONSTRUCTION; SEROGROUP-15; RESPONSES; CHILDREN AB Background. Streptococcus pneumoniae is a significant pathogen capable of expressing protective and antigenically diverse capsules. To better understand the molecular basis of capsular antigenic diversity, we investigated the hypothetical serological role of wcjE, which encodes a capsule O-acetyltransferase, in the vaccine-targeted serotype 9V and related serotype 9A. Methods. We inactivated wcjE by recombination in a serotype 9V strain and determined wcjE sequences of 11 serotype 9A clinical isolates. We determined the antigenic phenotypes of these pneumococcal strains with serogroup 9-specific antibodies and flow cytometry. Results. Inactivation of wcjE in a serotype 9V strain resulted in expression of the 9A phenotype. Each serotype 9A clinical isolate contained a distinct mutation to wcjE. Flow cytometry showed that some 9A isolates (herein named 9A alpha) expressed trace amounts of 9V-specific epitopes whereas others (named 9A beta) did not express any. Recombination with 9A alpha wcjE alleles into a 9A beta strain conferred partial expression of 9V-specific epitopes. Conclusions. Each serotype 9A strain independently arose from a serotype 9V strain. Furthermore, clinical isolates identified as 9A can contain mutations to wcjE that are either partially functional or completely nonfunctional, demonstrating a previously unidentified antigenic heterogeneity of serotype 9A isolates. C1 [Nahm, Moon H.] Univ Alabama, Dept Pathol, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. [Calix, Juan J.; Oliver, Melissa B.; Hollingshead, Susan K.; Nahm, Moon H.] Univ Alabama, Dept Microbiol, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. [Sherwood, Logan K.; Beall, BernardW.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Resp Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Nahm, MH (reprint author), Univ Alabama, Dept Pathol, BBRB 614,1530 3rd Ave S, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. EM nahm@uab.edu OI Nahm, Moon/0000-0002-6922-1042 FU National Institutes of Health [AI-31473]; University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB) [GM-008361, T32-AI-0007041] FX This work was supported by the National Institutes of Health (AI-31473 to M. H. N.); the University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB) Medical Scientist Training Program Fund (GM-008361); and the UAB Bacterial Pathogenesis Training Grant (T32-AI-0007041). NR 24 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD NOV 15 PY 2011 VL 204 IS 10 BP 1585 EP 1595 DI 10.1093/infdis/jir593 PG 11 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 834UU UT WOS:000295990400016 PM 21908730 ER PT J AU Bruden, DL Bruce, MG Miernyk, KM Morris, J Hurlburt, D Hennessy, TW Peters, H Sacco, F Parkinson, AJ McMahon, BJ AF Bruden, Dana L. Bruce, Michael G. Miernyk, Karen M. Morris, Julie Hurlburt, Debby Hennessy, Thomas W. Peters, Helen Sacco, Frank Parkinson, Alan J. McMahon, Brian J. TI Diagnostic accuracy of tests for Helicobacter pylori in an Alaska Native population SO WORLD JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Urea breath test; Antibody test; Sensitivity; Specificity ID C-13-UREA BREATH TEST; OPEN-LABEL TRIAL; ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE; SUCCESSFUL ERADICATION; IMMUNOGLOBULIN-G; IRON-DEFICIENCY; BACTERIAL LOAD; RURAL ALASKA; INFECTION; GASTRITIS AB AIM: To evaluate the accuracy of two non-invasive tests in a population of Alaska Native persons. High rates of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection, H. pylori treatment failure, and gastric cancer in this population necessitate documentation of infection status at multiple time points over a patient's life. METHODS: In 280 patients undergoing endoscopy, H. pylori was diagnosed by culture, histology, rapid urease test, (13)C urea breath test (UBT), and immunoglobulin G antibodies to H. pylori in serum. The performances of (13)C-UBT and antibody test were compared to a gold standard defined by a positive H. pylori test by culture or, in case of a negative culture result, by positive histology and a positive rapid urease test. RESULTS: The sensitivity and specificity of the (13)C-UBT were 93% and 88%, respectively, relative to the gold standard. The antibody test had an equivalent sensitivity of 93% with a reduced specificity of 68%. The false positive results for the antibody test were associated with previous treatment for an H. pylori infection [relative risk (RR) = 2.8]. High levels of antibodies to H. pylori were associated with chronic gastritis and male gender, while high scores in the (13)C-UBT test were associated with older age and with the H. pylori bacteria load on histological examination (RR = 4.4). CONCLUSION: The (13)C-UBT outperformed the antibody test for H. pylori and could be used when a non-invasive test is clinically necessary to document treatment outcome or when monitoring for reinfection. (C) 2011 Baishideng. All rights reserved. C1 [Bruden, Dana L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Arctic Invest Program, Div Preparedness & Emerging Infect, Natl Ctr Emerging Zoonoses & Infect Dis,Tudor Ctr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA. [Miernyk, Karen M.; Sacco, Frank; McMahon, Brian J.] Alaska Native Tribal Hlth Consortium, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA. RP Bruden, DL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Arctic Invest Program, Div Preparedness & Emerging Infect, Natl Ctr Emerging Zoonoses & Infect Dis,Tudor Ctr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA. EM dbruden@cdc.gov FU The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX Supported by The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; 13C urea breath tests were provided by Meretek Diagnostics Inc., Lafayette, CO, United States NR 25 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU BAISHIDENG PUBL GRP CO LTD PI BEIJING PA RM 903, BLDG D, OCEAN INTERNATIONAL CTR, NO 62 DONGSIHUAN ZHONGLU, BEIJING, CHAOYANG DISTRICT 100025, PEOPLES R CHINA SN 1007-9327 J9 WORLD J GASTROENTERO JI World J. Gastroenterol. PD NOV 14 PY 2011 VL 17 IS 42 BP 4682 EP 4688 DI 10.3748/wjg.v17.i42.4682 PG 7 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 861EX UT WOS:000298003100006 PM 22180710 ER PT J AU Oster, AM Pieniazek, D Zhang, XJ Switzer, WM Ziebell, RA Mena, LA Wei, XR Johnson, KL Singh, SK Thomas, PE Elmore, KA Heffelfinger, JD AF Oster, Alexandra M. Pieniazek, Danuta Zhang, Xinjian Switzer, William M. Ziebell, Rebecca A. Mena, Leandro A. Wei, Xierong Johnson, Kendra L. Singh, Sonita K. Thomas, Peter E. Elmore, Kimberlee A. Heffelfinger, James D. TI Demographic but not geographic insularity in HIV transmission among young black MSM SO AIDS LA English DT Article DE African-Americans; HIV infections/epidemiology/transmission; homosexuality; male; molecular epidemiology; phylogeny; risk factors ID DRUG-RESISTANCE; PREVENTION INTERVENTION; UNITED-STATES; MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY; MEN; SEX; INFECTION; RISK; SURVEILLANCE; PREVALENCE AB Objective: To understand patterns of HIV transmission among young black MSM and others in Mississippi. Design: Phylogenetic analysis of HIV-1 polymerase (pol) sequences from 799 anti-retroviral-naive persons newly diagnosed with HIV infection in Mississippi during 2005-2008, 130 (16%) of whom were black MSM aged 16-25 years. Methods: We identified phylogenetic clusters and used surveillance data to evaluate demographic attributes and risk factors of all persons in clusters that included black MSM aged 16-25 years. Results: We identified 82 phylogenetic clusters, 21 (26%) of which included HIV strains from at least one young black MSM. Of the 69 persons in these clusters, 59 were black MSM and seven were black men with unknown transmission category; the remaining three were MSM of white or Hispanic race/ethnicity. Of these 21 clusters, 10 included residents of one geographic region of Mississippi, whereas 11 included residents of multiple regions or outside of the state. Conclusion: Phylogenetic clusters involving HIV-infected young black MSM were homogeneous with respect to demographic and risk characteristics, suggesting insularity of this population with respect to HIV transmission, but were geographically heterogeneous. Reducing HIV transmission among young black MSM in Mississippi may require prevention strategies that are tailored to young black MSM and those in their sexual networks, and prevention interventions should be delivered in a manner to reach young black MSM throughout the state. Phylogenetic analysis can be a tool for local jurisdictions to understand the transmission dynamics in their areas. (C) 2011 Wolters Kluwer Health vertical bar Lippincott Williams & Wilkins C1 [Oster, Alexandra M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Sci Educ & Profess Dev Program Off, Atlanta, GA USA. [Oster, Alexandra M.; Pieniazek, Danuta; Zhang, Xinjian; Switzer, William M.; Wei, Xierong; Thomas, Peter E.; Elmore, Kimberlee A.; Heffelfinger, James D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA USA. [Ziebell, Rebecca A.] Ginn Grp Inc, Peachtree City, GA USA. [Mena, Leandro A.; Johnson, Kendra L.; Singh, Sonita K.] Mississippi Dept Hlth, Jackson, MS USA. [Mena, Leandro A.] Univ Mississippi, Med Ctr, Jackson, MS 39216 USA. RP Oster, AM (reprint author), 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS E-46, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM AOster@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC); Mississippi State Department of Health FX The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) funds HIV/AIDS surveillance and Variant, Atypical, and Resistant HIV Surveillance (VARHS). CDC and the Mississippi State Department of Health funded the behavioral survey. NR 26 TC 25 Z9 26 U1 2 U2 9 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0269-9370 J9 AIDS JI Aids PD NOV 13 PY 2011 VL 25 IS 17 BP 2157 EP 2165 DI 10.1097/QAD.0b013e32834bfde9 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA 841QG UT WOS:000296526900013 PM 21866038 ER PT J AU Shah, M Kariuki, S Eng, JV Blackstock, AJ Garner, K Gatei, W Gimnig, JE Lindblade, K Terlouw, D ter Kuile, F Hawley, WA Phillips-Howard, P Nahlen, B Walker, E Hamel, MJ Slutsker, L Shi, YP AF Shah, Monica Kariuki, Simon Eng, Jodi Vanden Blackstock, Anna J. Garner, Kimberly Gatei, Wangeci Gimnig, John E. Lindblade, Kim Terlouw, Dianne ter Kuile, Feiko Hawley, William A. Phillips-Howard, Penelope Nahlen, Bernard Walker, Edward Hamel, Mary J. Slutsker, Laurence Shi, Ya Ping TI Effect of Transmission Reduction by Insecticide-Treated Bednets (ITNs) on Antimalarial Drug Resistance in Western Kenya SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID SULFADOXINE-PYRIMETHAMINE RESISTANCE; PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM MALARIA; REAL-TIME PCR; BED NETS; MUTATIONS; CHLOROQUINE; PREVALENCE; INTENSITY; SPREAD; AREA AB Despite the clear public health benefit of insecticide-treated bednets (ITNs), the impact of malaria transmission-reduction by vector control on the spread of drug resistance is not well understood. In the present study, the effect of sustained transmission reduction by ITNs on the prevalence of Plasmodium falciparum gene mutations associated with resistance to the antimalarial drugs sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) and chloroquine (CQ) in children under the age of five years was investigated during an ITN trial in Asembo area, western Kenya. During the ITN trial, the national first line antimalarial treatment changed from CQ to SP. Smear-positive samples collected from cross sectional surveys prior to ITN introduction (baseline, n = 250) and five years post-ITN intervention (year 5 survey, n = 242) were genotyped for single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) at dhfr-51, 59, 108, 164 and dhps-437, 540 (SP resistance), and pfcrt-76 and pfmdr1-86 (CQ resistance). The association between the drug resistance mutations and epidemiological variables was evaluated. There were significant increases in the prevalence of SP dhps mutations and the dhfr/dhps quintuple mutant, and a significant reduction in the proportion of mixed infections detected at dhfr-51, 59 and dhps-437, 540 SNPs from baseline to the year 5 survey. There was no change in the high prevalence of pfcrt-76 and pfmdr1-86 mutations. Multivariable regression analysis further showed that current antifolate use and year of survey were significantly associated with more SP drug resistance mutations. These results suggest that increased antifolate drug use due to drug policy change likely led to the high prevalence of SP mutations 5 years post-ITN intervention and reduced transmission had no apparent effect on the existing high prevalence of CQ mutations. There is no evidence from the current study that sustained transmission reduction by ITNs reduces the prevalence of genes associated with malaria drug resistance. C1 [Shah, Monica; Eng, Jodi Vanden; Blackstock, Anna J.; Gatei, Wangeci; Gimnig, John E.; Lindblade, Kim; Hawley, William A.; Hamel, Mary J.; Slutsker, Laurence; Shi, Ya Ping] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Shah, Monica; Blackstock, Anna J.; Garner, Kimberly] Atlanta Res & Educ Fdn, Atlanta, GA USA. [Kariuki, Simon; Phillips-Howard, Penelope; Hamel, Mary J.] Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Ctr Global Hlth Res, Kisumu, Kenya. [Terlouw, Dianne; ter Kuile, Feiko] Univ Liverpool, Liverpool Sch Trop Med, Malaria Epidemiol Unit, Liverpool L3 5QA, Merseyside, England. [Hawley, William A.] UNICEF, Jakarta, Indonesia. [Phillips-Howard, Penelope] Liverpool John Moores Univ, Ctr Publ Hlth, Liverpool L3 5UX, Merseyside, England. [Nahlen, Bernard] Presidents Malaria Initiat, Washington, DC USA. [Walker, Edward] Michigan State Univ, Dept Microbiol & Mol Genet, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Shah, M (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM yps0@cdc.gov OI Phillips-Howard, Penelope A/0000-0003-1018-116X; ter Kuile, Feiko/0000-0003-3663-5617 FU Multilateral Initiative on Malaria through the WHO [A40046]; U.S. National Science Foundation [EF-0723770]; Emerging Infectious Diseases Fellowship FX The study was supported by the Multilateral Initiative on Malaria grant # A40046 through the WHO Special Program for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases and was partially supported by U.S. National Science Foundation, Ecology of Infectious Diseases grant # EF-0723770. Monica Shah was partially supported by the Emerging Infectious Diseases Fellowship administered by the Association of Public Health Laboratories. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 37 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 4 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD NOV 11 PY 2011 VL 6 IS 11 AR e26746 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0026746 PG 10 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 855HG UT WOS:000297553900008 PM 22096496 ER PT J AU Simmons, G Glynn, SA Komaroff, AL Mikovits, JA Tobler, LH Hackett, J Tang, N Switzer, WM Heneine, W Hewlett, IK Zhao, JQ Lo, SC Alter, HJ Linnen, JM Gao, K Coffin, JM Kearney, MF Ruscetti, FW Pfost, MA Bethel, J Kleinman, S Holmberg, JA Busch, MP AF Simmons, Graham Glynn, Simone A. Komaroff, Anthony L. Mikovits, Judy A. Tobler, Leslie H. Hackett, John, Jr. Tang, Ning Switzer, William M. Heneine, Walid Hewlett, Indira K. Zhao, Jiangqin Lo, Shyh-Ching Alter, Harvey J. Linnen, Jeffrey M. Gao, Kui Coffin, John M. Kearney, Mary F. Ruscetti, Francis W. Pfost, Max A. Bethel, James Kleinman, Steven Holmberg, Jerry A. Busch, Michael P. CA Blood XMRV Sci Res Working Grp TI Failure to Confirm XMRV/MLVs in the Blood of Patients with Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: A Multi-Laboratory Study SO SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID VIRUS-RELATED VIRUS; RETROVIRUS XMRV; CELLS; CONTAMINATION; SEQUENCES; ABSENCE; DONORS; DETECT AB Murine leukemia viruses (MLVs), including xenotropic-MLV-related virus (XMRV), have been controversially linked to chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS). To explore this issue in greater depth, we compiled coded replicate samples of blood from 15 subjects previously reported to be XMRV/MLV-positive (14 with CFS) and from 15 healthy donors previously determined to be negative for the viruses. These samples were distributed in a blinded fashion to nine laboratories, which performed assays designed to detect XMRV/MLV nucleic acid, virus replication, and antibody. Only two laboratories reported evidence of XMRV/MLVs; however, replicate sample results showed disagreement, and reactivity was similar among CFS subjects and negative controls. These results indicate that current assays do not reproducibly detect XMRV/MLV in blood samples and that blood donor screening is not warranted. C1 [Simmons, Graham; Tobler, Leslie H.; Busch, Michael P.] Blood Syst Res Inst, San Francisco, CA 94118 USA. [Simmons, Graham; Tobler, Leslie H.; Busch, Michael P.] Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94118 USA. [Glynn, Simone A.] NHLBI, Transfus Med & Cellular Therapeut Branch, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Komaroff, Anthony L.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Komaroff, Anthony L.] Brigham & Womens Hosp, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Mikovits, Judy A.; Pfost, Max A.] Univ Nevada, Whittemore Peterson Inst, Reno, NV 89557 USA. [Hackett, John, Jr.; Tang, Ning] Abbott Labs, Abbott Pk, IL 60064 USA. [Switzer, William M.; Heneine, Walid] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Hewlett, Indira K.; Zhao, Jiangqin] US FDA, Off Blood Res, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. [Lo, Shyh-Ching] US FDA, Off Cellular Tissue & Gene Therapies Review, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Alter, Harvey J.] NIH, Dept Transfus Med, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Linnen, Jeffrey M.; Gao, Kui] Gen Probe, San Diego, CA 92121 USA. [Coffin, John M.] Tufts Univ, Dept Mol Biol & Microbiol, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Kearney, Mary F.; Ruscetti, Francis W.] NCI, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. [Bethel, James] WESTAT Corp, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. [Kleinman, Steven] Univ British Columbia, Dept Pathol, Victoria, BC V9A4W4, Canada. [Holmberg, Jerry A.] US Dept HHS, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. RP Busch, MP (reprint author), Blood Syst Res Inst, San Francisco, CA 94118 USA. EM mbusch@bloodsystems.org RI Simmons, Graham/G-3523-2012; Haleyur Giri Setty, Mohan Kumar/F-5841-2014 OI Simmons, Graham/0000-0002-9615-7023; Haleyur Giri Setty, Mohan Kumar/0000-0001-6423-1420 FU National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute REDS-II Central Laboratory [N01 HB-57181]; F. M. Kirby Foundation FX The authors acknowledge the tremendous effort contributed by all Blood XMRV Scientific Research Working Group (SRWG) members; the roster of the SRWG is listed as supporting material on Science Online. The authors acknowledge the many laboratory members from all of the contributing laboratories, including I. Steffen, I. Wilson, L. Pitina, K. Murcia, P. Loanzon, S. Ng, and N. Gefter at the Blood Systems Research Institute; H. Zheng, H. Jia, S. Tang, and A. Shankar at CDC; C. Puccinelli, S. Rawat, A. McKenzie, K. Hagen, and D. T. Cramer at WPI; J. Carrick at Gen-Probe; D. Bertolette, Y. Huang, and C. Sadowski at NCI/Ruscetti; E. Anderson, J. Spindler, and A. Wiegand at DRP; K. Devadas, M. K. H. G. Setty, S. Tang, P. H. Zhang, and D. S. Gaddam in the Office of Blood Research and Review, FDA; B. Li, N. Pripuzova, and G.-C. Hung in the Office of Cellular, Tissue and Gene Therapies, FDA; R. Wang from the clinical center NIH; G. Leckie at Abbott Molecular; and X. Qiu at Abbott Diagnostics. The laboratory work was funded by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute REDS-II Central Laboratory Contract to Blood Systems Research Institute (N01 HB-57181). J.M.C. was a research professor of the American Cancer Society with support from the F. M. Kirby Foundation. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the NIH, CDC, FDA, or the Department of Health and Human Services. M. P. B. is a member of the Scientific Advisory Board of Gen-Probe, which provides blood screening assays for pathogen nucleic acids. S. K. is a paid consultant to Novartis Diagnostics, a distributor of blood donor screening assays, and to Cerus Corporation, a manufacturer of pathogen inactivation systems for blood components. WPI has filed patent applications related to methods of testing XMRVs and variants in blood. Abbott Laboratories has filed patent applications relating to detection of XMRV by use of immunoassays and molecular-based assays. Gen-Probe has filed patent applications relating to the assays they performed in this paper. NR 21 TC 53 Z9 55 U1 1 U2 13 PU AMER ASSOC ADVANCEMENT SCIENCE PI WASHINGTON PA 1200 NEW YORK AVE, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0036-8075 J9 SCIENCE JI Science PD NOV 11 PY 2011 VL 334 IS 6057 BP 814 EP 817 DI 10.1126/science.1213841 PG 4 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 845US UT WOS:000296849600049 PM 21940862 ER PT J AU Abanyie, FA Arguin, PM Gutman, J AF Abanyie, Francisca A. Arguin, Paul M. Gutman, Julie TI State of malaria diagnostic testing at clinical laboratories in the United States, 2010: a nationwide survey SO MALARIA JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE malaria; diagnostic testing; rapid diagnostic tests; United States ID EXTERNAL QUALITY ASSESSMENT; MIXED INFECTIONS; SURVEILLANCE; IDENTIFICATION; PARASITES AB Background: The diagnosis of malaria can be difficult in non-endemic areas, such as the United States, and delays in diagnosis and errors in treatment occur too often. Methods: A nationwide survey of laboratories in the United States and its nine dependent territories was conducted in 2010 to determine factors that may contribute to shortcomings in the diagnosis of malaria. This survey explored the availability of malaria diagnostic tests, techniques used, and reporting practices. Results: The survey was completed by 201 participants. Ninety percent reported that their laboratories had at least one type of malaria diagnostic test available on-site. Nearly all of the respondents' laboratories performed thick and thin smears on-site; approximately 50% had access to molecular testing; and only 17% had access to rapid diagnostic tests on-site. Seventy-three percent reported fewer than five confirmed cases of malaria in their laboratory during the 12-month period preceding the survey. Twenty-eight percent stated that results of species identification took more than 24 hours to report. Only five of 149 respondents that performed testing 24 hours a day, 7 days a week complied with all of the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines for analysis and reporting of results. Conclusion: Although malaria diagnostic testing services were available to a majority of U. S. laboratories surveyed, very few were in complete compliance with all of the CLSI guidelines for analysis and reporting of results, and most respondents reported very few cases of malaria annually. Laboratories' difficulty in adhering to the rigorous CLSI guidelines and their personnel's lack of practice and proficiency may account for delays and errors in diagnosis. It is recommended that laboratories that infrequently process samples for malaria seek opportunities for practice and proficiency training annually and take advantage of available resources to assist in species identification. C1 [Abanyie, Francisca A.; Gutman, Julie] Emory Clin, Sch Med, Div Pediat Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Abanyie, Francisca A.; Gutman, Julie] Childrens Healthcare Atlanta Egleston, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Arguin, Paul M.; Gutman, Julie] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Malaria Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Abanyie, FA (reprint author), Emory Clin, Sch Med, Div Pediat Infect Dis, 2015 Uppergate Dr NE, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. EM fabanyi@emory.edu FU Public Health Service [UL1 RR025008]; National Institutes of Health, National Center for Research Resources [KL2 RR025009] FX We would like to thank J. Michael Miller, PhD and Robert C. Jerris, PhD for their assistance throughout this project. This work was supported in part by the Public Health Service [UL1 RR025008] and Clinical and Translational Science Award program, National Institutes of Health, National Center for Research Resources [KL2 RR025009] to JG. NR 20 TC 12 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 1 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1475-2875 J9 MALARIA J JI Malar. J. PD NOV 10 PY 2011 VL 10 AR 340 DI 10.1186/1475-2875-10-340 PG 10 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA 853DA UT WOS:000297405200001 PM 22074250 ER PT J AU Kahn, JG Marseille, E Moore, D Bunnell, R Were, W Degerman, R Tappero, JW Ekwaru, P Kaharuza, F Mermin, J AF Kahn, James G. Marseille, Elliot Moore, David Bunnell, Rebecca Were, Willy Degerman, Richard Tappero, Jordan W. Ekwaru, Paul Kaharuza, Frank Mermin, Jonathan TI CD4 cell count and viral load monitoring in patients undergoing antiretroviral therapy in Uganda: cost effectiveness study SO BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID RESOURCE-LIMITED SETTINGS; POOR SETTINGS; HIV TREATMENT; AFRICA; ADHERENCE; OUTCOMES; PROGRAM; TRIAL; MODEL AB Objective To examine the cost and cost effectiveness of quarterly CD4 cell count and viral load monitoring among patients taking antiretroviral therapy (ART). Design Cost effectiveness study. Setting A randomised trial in a home based ART programme in Tororo, Uganda. Participants People with HIV who were members of the AIDS Support Organisation and had CD4 cell counts <250 x 10(6) cells/L or World Health Organization stage 3 or 4 disease. Main outcome measures Outcomes calculated for the study period and projected 15 years into the future included costs, disability adjusted life years (DALYs), and incremental cost effectiveness ratios (ICER; $ per DALY averted). Cost inputs were based on the trial and other sources. Clinical inputs derived from the trial; in the base case, we assumed that point estimates reflected true differences even if non-significant. We conducted univariate and multivariate sensitivity analyses. Interventions Three monitoring strategies: clinical monitoring with quarterly CD4 cell counts and viral load measurement (clinical/CD4/viral load); clinical monitoring and quarterly CD4 counts (clinical/CD4); and clinical monitoring alone. Results With the intention to treat (ITT) results per 100 individuals starting ART, we found that clinical/CD4 monitoring compared with clinical monitoring alone increases costs by $20 458 (12 pound 780, (sic)14 707) and averts 117.3 DALYs (ICER=$174 per DALY). Clinical/CD4/viral load monitoring compared with clinical/CD4 monitoring adds $142 458, and averts 27.5 DALYs ($5181 per DALY). The superior ICER for clinical/CD4 monitoring is robust to uncertainties in input values, and that strategy is dominant (less expensive and more effective) compared with clinical/CD4/viral load monitoring in one quarter of simulations. If clinical inputs are based on the as treated analysis starting at 90 days (after laboratory monitoring was initiated), then clinical/CD4/viral load monitoring is dominated by other strategies. Conclusions Based on this trial, compared with clinical monitoring alone, monitoring of routine CD4 cell count is considerably more cost effective than additionally including routine viral load testing in the monitoring strategy and is more cost effective than ART. C1 [Kahn, James G.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Philip R Lee Inst Hlth Policy Studies, San Francisco, CA 94118 USA. [Kahn, James G.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, San Francisco, CA 94118 USA. [Marseille, Elliot] Hlth Strategies Int, Oakland, CA USA. [Moore, David] Univ British Columbia, Fac Med, Dept Med, Vancouver, BC, Canada. [Moore, David] British Columbia Ctr Excellence HIV AIDS, Vancouver, BC, Canada. [Bunnell, Rebecca] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, CDC Uganda, Natl Ctr HIV Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent NCH, Div Community Hlth, Entebbe, Uganda. [Tappero, Jordan W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, CDC Uganda, Natl Ctr HIV Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent NCH, Hlth Syst Reconstruct Off, Entebbe, Uganda. [Kaharuza, Frank] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, CDC Uganda, Natl Ctr HIV Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent NCH, Epidemiol Branch, Entebbe, Uganda. [Mermin, Jonathan] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, CDC Uganda, Natl Ctr HIV Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent NCH, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Entebbe, Uganda. [Bunnell, Rebecca] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Community Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Tappero, Jordan W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Hlth Syst Reconstruct Off, Atlanta, GA USA. [Mermin, Jonathan] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Kahn, JG (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, Philip R Lee Inst Hlth Policy Studies, 3333 Calif St,Suite 265, San Francisco, CA 94118 USA. EM jgkahn@ucsf.edu RI Mermin, Jonathan/J-9847-2012 FU US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Kenya; US National Institute of Drug Abuse [R01 DA15612] FX This study was funded by US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Kenya, and US National Institute of Drug Abuse (R01 DA15612). The findings and conclusions in this manuscript are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 28 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 1 PU B M J PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 0959-535X J9 BRIT MED J JI Br. Med. J. PD NOV 9 PY 2011 VL 343 AR d6884 DI 10.1136/bmj.d6884 PG 12 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 848NP UT WOS:000297058600004 PM 22074713 ER PT J AU Mermin, J Ekwaru, JP Were, W Degerman, R Bunnell, R Kaharuza, F Downing, R Coutinho, A Solberg, P Alexander, LN Tappero, J Campbell, J Moore, DM AF Mermin, Jonathan Ekwaru, John P. Were, Willy Degerman, Richard Bunnell, Rebecca Kaharuza, Frank Downing, Robert Coutinho, Alex Solberg, Peter Alexander, Lorraine N. Tappero, Jordan Campbell, James Moore, David M. TI Utility of routine viral load, CD4 cell count, and clinical monitoring among adults with HIV receiving antiretroviral therapy in Uganda: randomised trial SO BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID RESOURCE-LIMITED SETTINGS; SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA; HIGH-INCOME COUNTRIES; FOLLOW-UP; HIV-1-INFECTED PATIENTS; SCALING-UP; COLLABORATIVE ANALYSIS; INCREASED MORTALITY; TREATMENT PROGRAMS; DRUG-RESISTANCE AB Objective To evaluate the use of routine laboratory monitoring in terms of clinical outcomes among patients receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART) in Uganda. Design Randomised clinical trial Setting A home based ART programme in rural Uganda. Participants All participants were people with HIV who were members of the AIDS Support Organisation. Participants had CD4 cell counts <250 cells x 10(6)/L or World Health Organization stage 3 or 4 disease. Interventions Participants were randomised to one of three different monitoring arms: a viral load arm (clinical monitoring, quarterly CD4 counts, and viral load measurements), CD4 arm (clinical monitoring and CD4 counts), or clinical arm (clinical monitoring alone). Main outcome measures Serious morbidity (newly diagnosed AIDS defining illness) and mortality. Results 1094 participants started ART; median CD4 count at baseline was 129 cells x 106/L. Median follow-up was three years. In total, 126 participants died (12%), 148 (14%) experienced new AIDS defining illnesses, and 61(6%) experienced virological failure, defined as two consecutive viral loads >500 copies/mL occurring more than three months after the start of ART. After adjustment for age, sex, baseline CD4 count, viral load, and body mass index, the rate of new AIDS defining events or death was higher in the clinical arm than the viral load arm (adjusted hazard ratio 1.83, P=0.002) or the CD4 arm (1.49, P=0.032). There was no significant difference between the CD4 arm and the viral load arm (1.23, P=0.31). Conclusion In patients receiving ART for HIV infection in Uganda, routine laboratory monitoring is associated with improved health and survival compared with clinical monitoring alone. C1 [Moore, David M.] BC Ctr Excellence HIV AIDS, Vancouver, BC, Canada. [Bunnell, Rebecca] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC Uganda, Global AIDS Program, Div Community Hlth, Entebbe, Uganda. [Kaharuza, Frank] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC Uganda, Global AIDS Program, Epidemiol Branch, Entebbe, Uganda. [Alexander, Lorraine N.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC Uganda, Global AIDS Program, Hlth Serv, Entebbe, Uganda. [Tappero, Jordan] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC Uganda, Global AIDS Program, Hlth Syst Reconstruct Off, Entebbe, Uganda. [Mermin, Jonathan; Moore, David M.] CDC, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Bunnell, Rebecca] CDC, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Community Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Coutinho, Alex] AIDS Support Org, Kampala, Uganda. [Moore, David M.] Univ British Columbia, Fac Med, Dept Med, Vancouver, BC, Canada. RP Moore, DM (reprint author), BC Ctr Excellence HIV AIDS, 608-1081 Burrard St, Vancouver, BC, Canada. EM dmoore@cfenet.ubc.ca RI Mermin, Jonathan/J-9847-2012 FU US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; US Agency for International Development; President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief; Canadian Institutes for Health Research FX This study was funded by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the US Agency for International Development, and the President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief. US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention staff and other investigators were involved in the study design and implementation, data analysis, and writing of thepaper. The findings and conclusions are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; All authors have completed the ICMJE uniform disclosure form at www.icmje.org/coi_disclosure.pdf (available on request from the corresponding author) and declare: JM, JPE, WW, RD, RB, FK, RD, PS, LNA, JT, DMM had support from the US Center for Disease Control for the submitted work. AC received no direct support for this study; DMM also received support from the Canadian Institutes for Health Research through a New Investigator Award; no financial relationships with any organisations that might have an interest in the submitted work in the previous three years; no other relationships or activities that could appear to have influenced the submitted work. NR 46 TC 69 Z9 70 U1 0 U2 8 PU B M J PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 0959-535X J9 BRIT MED J JI Br. Med. J. PD NOV 9 PY 2011 VL 343 AR d6792 DI 10.1136/bmj.d6792 PG 11 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 848NP UT WOS:000297058600003 PM 22074711 ER PT J AU Imamura, T Suzuki, A Meijer, A Niesters, HGM Rahamat-Langendoen, JC Lojo, J Hodinka, RL Coffin, S Ostroff, SM Kraft, CS Redd, GJT Erdman, DD Lu, XY Oberste, MS Stockman, LJ Armstrong, GL Jacobson, LM Yen, CY AF Imamura, Tadatsugu Suzuki, Akira Meijer, Adam Niesters, Hubert G. M. Rahamat-Langendoen, Janette C. Lojo, Jose Hodinka, Richard L. Coffin, Susan Ostroff, Stephen M. Kraft, Colleen S. Redd, Georgia. John T. Erdman, Dean D. Lu, Xiaoyan Oberste, Mark S. Stockman, Lauren J. Armstrong, Gregory L. Jacobson, Lara M. Yen, Catherine Y. TI Clusters of Acute Respiratory Illness Associated With Human Enterovirus 68-Asia, Europe, and United States, 2008-2010 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 60, pg 1301-1304, 2011) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint ID INFECTION; RHINOVIRUSES; PCR C1 [Jacobson, Lara M.; Yen, Catherine Y.] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Imamura, Tadatsugu; Suzuki, Akira] Tohoku Univ, Dept Virol, Grad Sch Med, Sendai, Miyagi 980, Japan. [Niesters, Hubert G. M.; Rahamat-Langendoen, Janette C.] Univ Groningen, Univ Med Ctr Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands. [Hodinka, Richard L.; Coffin, Susan] Childrens Hosp Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA USA. [Kraft, Colleen S.] Emory Univ Hosp, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. EM lstockman@cdc.gov RI Kraft, Colleen/M-2347-2013 OI Kraft, Colleen/0000-0003-1757-8477 NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD NOV 9 PY 2011 VL 306 IS 18 BP 1971 EP 1973 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 843VT UT WOS:000296704300013 ER PT J AU Jacobson, JB Wheeler, K Hoffman, R Mitchell, Y Beckman, J Mehler, L Mulay, P Schwartz, A Langley, R Diebolt-Brown, B Prado, JB Newman, N Calvert, GM Hudson, NL AF Jacobson, James B. Wheeler, Katherine Hoffman, Robert Mitchell, Yvette Beckman, John Mehler, Louise Mulay, Prakash Schwartz, Abby Langley, Rick Diebolt-Brown, Brienne Prado, Joanne Bonnar Newman, Nicholas Calvert, Geoffrey M. Hudson, Naomi L. TI Acute Illnesses Associated With Insecticides Used to Control Bed Bugs-Seven States, 2003-2010 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 60, pg 1269-1274, 2011) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint C1 [Hudson, Naomi L.] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Jacobson, James B.; Wheeler, Katherine; Hoffman, Robert] New York City Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, New York, NY USA. [Mitchell, Yvette] New York State Dept Hlth, Albany, NY 12237 USA. [Newman, Nicholas] Univ Cincinnati, Cincinnati Childrens Hosp, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. RP Hudson, NL (reprint author), CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM nhudson1@cdc.gov NR 1 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD NOV 9 PY 2011 VL 306 IS 18 BP 1974 EP 1977 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 843VT UT WOS:000296704300014 ER PT J AU Zipprich, J Harriman, K Talarico, J Edwards, C Blythe, D Shah, D Morillo, J Smith, S Hopfensperger, D Tsering, S Wallace, G Barskey, A Kutty, P Armstrong, G Marienau, K Berliet, J Ross, K Schembri, C Burke, H Lee, D Shetty, S Weinberg, M Zhou, WG Said, M Taylor, E AF Zipprich, Jennifer Harriman, Kathleen Talarico, John Edwards, Cindy Blythe, David Shah, Dipti Morillo, Jennifer Smith, Sheree Hopfensperger, Daniel Tsering, Savitri Wallace, Greg Barskey, Albert Kutty, Preeta Armstrong, Gregory Marienau, Karen Berliet, Juliana Ross, Keysha Schembri, Christopher Burke, Heather Lee, Deborah Shetty, Sharmila Weinberg, Michelle Zhou, Weigong Said, Maria Taylor, Eboni TI Notes From the Field: Measles Among U.S.-Bound Refugees From Malaysia-California, Maryland, North Carolina, and Wisconsin, August-September 2011 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 60, pg 1281-1282, 2011) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint C1 [Said, Maria; Taylor, Eboni] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Edwards, Cindy] Montgomery Cty Dept Hlth & Human Svcs, Montgomery, AL USA. [Blythe, David; Shah, Dipti] Maryland Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. RP Taylor, E (reprint author), CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM etaylor1@cdc.gov NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD NOV 9 PY 2011 VL 306 IS 18 BP 1978 EP 1978 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 843VT UT WOS:000296704300015 ER PT J AU Staat, MA Griffin, MR Donauer, S Edwards, KM Szilagyi, PG Weinberg, GA Hall, CB Prill, MM Chaves, SS Bridges, CB Poehling, KA Fairbrother, G AF Staat, Mary Allen Griffin, Marie R. Donauer, Stephanie Edwards, Kathryn M. Szilagyi, Peter G. Weinberg, Geoffrey A. Hall, Caroline B. Prill, Mila M. Chaves, Sandra S. Bridges, Carolyn B. Poehling, Katherine A. Fairbrother, Gerry TI Vaccine effectiveness for laboratory-confirmed influenza in children 6-59 months of age, 2005-2007 SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Children; Vaccine effectiveness; Laboratory-confirmed; Influenza ID IMMUNIZATION PRACTICES ACIP; ADVISORY-COMMITTEE; YOUNG-CHILDREN; SEASONAL INFLUENZA; OUTPATIENT VISITS; RECOMMENDATIONS; HOSPITALIZATIONS; PREVENTION; EFFICACY; VIRUSES AB To estimate the effectiveness of influenza vaccine against medical care visits for laboratory-confirmed influenza in young children we conducted a matched case-control study in children with acute respiratory illness or fever from 2005-2007. Influenza vaccine effectiveness (VE) was calculated using cases with laboratory-confirmed influenza and controls who tested negative for influenza. The effectiveness of influenza vaccine in fully vaccinated children 6-59 months of age was 56% (95% CI: 25%-74%); a significant VE was not found for partial vaccination. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Staat, Mary Allen; Donauer, Stephanie; Fairbrother, Gerry] Univ Cincinnati, Coll Med, Dept Pediat, Cincinnati Childrens Hosp Med Ctr, Cincinnati, OH 45229 USA. [Griffin, Marie R.] Vanderbilt Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Med, Nashville, TN USA. [Szilagyi, Peter G.; Weinberg, Geoffrey A.; Hall, Caroline B.] Univ Rochester, Sch Med & Dent, Dept Pediat, Rochester, NY 14642 USA. [Prill, Mila M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Chaves, Sandra S.; Bridges, Carolyn B.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Poehling, Katherine A.] Wake Forest Univ, Bowman Gray Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Winston Salem, NC 27103 USA. [Poehling, Katherine A.] Wake Forest Univ, Bowman Gray Sch Med, Dept Epidemiol & Prevent, Winston Salem, NC 27103 USA. RP Staat, MA (reprint author), Univ Cincinnati, Coll Med, Dept Pediat, Cincinnati Childrens Hosp Med Ctr, 3333 Burnet Ave, Cincinnati, OH 45229 USA. EM mary.staat@cchmc.org FU NCIRD CDC HHS [U01/IP000022, U01/IP000017, U01/IP000147]; PHS HHS [U38/CCU522352] NR 28 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X EI 1873-2518 J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD NOV 8 PY 2011 VL 29 IS 48 BP 9005 EP 9011 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.09.037 PG 7 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 855YC UT WOS:000297601200032 PM 21945256 ER PT J AU Winston, CA Navin, TR Becerra, JE Chen, MP Armstrong, LR Jeffries, C Woodruff, RSY Wing, J Starks, AM Hales, CM Kammerer, JS Mac Kenzie, WR Mitruka, K Miner, MC Price, S Scavotto, J Cronin, AM Griffin, P LoBue, PA Castro, KG AF Winston, Carla A. Navin, Thomas R. Becerra, Jose E. Chen, Michael P. Armstrong, Lori R. Jeffries, Carla Woodruff, Rachel S. Yelk Wing, Jessie Starks, Angela M. Hales, Craig M. Kammerer, J. Steve Mac Kenzie, William R. Mitruka, Kiren Miner, Mark C. Price, Sandy Scavotto, Joseph Cronin, Ann M. Griffin, Phillip LoBue, Philip A. Castro, Kenneth G. TI Unexpected decline in tuberculosis cases coincident with economic recession - United States, 2009 SO BMC PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article ID FOREIGN-BORN PERSONS; PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS; US-BORN; TRANSMISSION; POPULATION; IMPLEMENTATION; EPIDEMIOLOGY; IMMIGRATION; DIAGNOSIS; DECREASE AB Background: Since 1953, through the cooperation of state and local health departments, the U. S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has collected information on incident cases of tuberculosis (TB) disease in the United States. In 2009, TB case rates declined -11.4%, compared to an average annual -3.8% decline since 2000. The unexpectedly large decline raised concerns that TB cases may have gone unreported. To address the unexpected decline, we examined trends from multiple sources on TB treatment initiation, medication sales, and laboratory and genotyping data on culture-positive TB. Methods: We analyzed 142,174 incident TB cases reported to the U. S. National Tuberculosis Surveillance System (NTSS) during January 1, 2000-December 31, 2009; TB control program data from 59 public health reporting areas; self-reported data from 50 CDC-funded public health laboratories; monthly electronic prescription claims for new TB therapy prescriptions; and complete genotyping results available for NTSS cases. Accounting for prior trends using regression and time-series analyses, we calculated the deviation between observed and expected TB cases in 2009 according to patient and clinical characteristics, and assessed at what point in time the deviation occurred. Results: The overall deviation in TB cases in 2009 was -7.9%, with -994 fewer cases reported than expected (P <.001). We ruled out evidence of surveillance underreporting since declines were seen in states that used new software for case reporting in 2009 as well as states that did not, and we found no cases unreported to CDC in our examination of over 5400 individual line-listed reports in 11 areas. TB cases decreased substantially among both foreign-born and U. S.-born persons. The unexpected decline began in late 2008 or early 2009, and may have begun to reverse in late 2009. The decline was greater in terms of case counts among foreign-born than U. S.-born persons; among the foreign-born, the declines were greatest in terms of percentage deviation from expected among persons who had been in the United States less than 2 years. Among U. S.-born persons, the declines in percentage deviation from expected were greatest among homeless persons and substance users. Independent information systems (NTSS, TB prescription claims, and public health laboratories) reported similar patterns of declines. Genotyping data did not suggest sudden decreases in recent transmission. Conclusions: Our assessments show that the decline in reported TB was not an artifact of changes in surveillance methods; rather, similar declines were found through multiple data sources. While the steady decline of TB cases before 2009 suggests ongoing improvement in TB control, we were not able to identify any substantial change in TB control activities or TB transmission that would account for the abrupt decline in 2009. It is possible that other multiple causes coincident with economic recession in the United States, including decreased immigration and delayed access to medical care, could be related to TB declines. Our findings underscore important needs in addressing health disparities as we move towards TB elimination in the United States. C1 [Winston, Carla A.; Navin, Thomas R.; Becerra, Jose E.; Chen, Michael P.; Armstrong, Lori R.; Woodruff, Rachel S. Yelk; Wing, Jessie; Starks, Angela M.; Mac Kenzie, William R.; Mitruka, Kiren; Miner, Mark C.; Scavotto, Joseph; Cronin, Ann M.; LoBue, Philip A.; Castro, Kenneth G.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Jeffries, Carla; Kammerer, J. Steve; Price, Sandy] Northrop Grumman Informat Syst, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Hales, Craig M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Publ Hlth Surveillance Program Off, Div Hlth Informat, Off Surveillance Epidemiol & Lab Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Griffin, Phillip] Natl TB Controllers Assoc, Smyrna, GA 30080 USA. [Griffin, Phillip] Kansas Dept Hlth & Environm, TB Control Program, Topeka, KS 66612 USA. RP Winston, CA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, 1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM cwinston@cdc.gov RI Mac Kenzie, William /F-1528-2013; Becerra, Jose/C-4071-2014 OI Mac Kenzie, William /0000-0001-7723-0339; NR 32 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 2 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2458 J9 BMC PUBLIC HEALTH JI BMC Public Health PD NOV 7 PY 2011 VL 11 AR 846 DI 10.1186/1471-2458-11-846 PG 12 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 860YS UT WOS:000297985500001 PM 22059421 ER PT J AU Pitzer, VE Viboud, C Lopman, BA Patel, MM Parashar, UD Grenfell, BT AF Pitzer, Virginia E. Viboud, Cecile Lopman, Ben A. Patel, Manish M. Parashar, Umesh D. Grenfell, Bryan T. TI Influence of birth rates and transmission rates on the global seasonality of rotavirus incidence SO JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY INTERFACE LA English DT Article DE rotavirus; seasonality; vaccination; infectious disease modelling ID HOSPITAL-BASED SURVEILLANCE; AGED LESS-THAN-5 YEARS; TIME-SERIES ANALYSIS; 1ST 2 YEARS; MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY; DEVELOPING-COUNTRIES; UNITED-STATES; DOUBLE-BLIND; CHILDREN; DIARRHEA AB Rotavirus is a major cause of mortality in developing countries, and yet the dynamics of rotavirus in such settings are poorly understood. Rotavirus is typically less seasonal in the tropics, although recent observational studies have challenged the universality of this pattern. While numerous studies have examined the association between environmental factors and rotavirus incidence, here we explore the role of intrinsic factors. By fitting a mathematical model of rotavirus transmission dynamics to published age distributions of cases from 15 countries, we obtain estimates of local transmission rates. Model-predicted patterns of seasonal incidence based solely on differences in birth rates and transmission rates are significantly correlated with those observed (Spearman's rho = 0.65, p < 0.05). We then examine seasonal patterns of rotavirus predicted across a range of different birth rates and transmission rates and explore how vaccination may impact these patterns. Our results suggest that the relative lack of rotavirus seasonality observed in many tropical countries may be due to the high birth rates and transmission rates typical of developing countries rather than being driven primarily by environmental conditions. While vaccination is expected to decrease the overall burden of disease, it may increase the degree of seasonal variation in the incidence of rotavirus in some settings. C1 [Pitzer, Virginia E.; Grenfell, Bryan T.] Princeton Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Grenfell, Bryan T.] Princeton Univ, Woodrow Wilson Sch Publ & Int Affairs, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Pitzer, Virginia E.; Viboud, Cecile; Grenfell, Bryan T.] NIH, Fogarty Int Ctr, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Lopman, Ben A.; Patel, Manish M.; Parashar, Umesh D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidemiol Branch, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30033 USA. RP Pitzer, VE (reprint author), Princeton Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. EM vepitzer@princeton.edu OI Pitzer, Virginia/0000-0003-1015-2289 FU National Institutes of Health [R01 GM083983-01]; Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation; RAPIDD programme of the Science and Technology Directorate; Department of Homeland Security; Fogarty International Center, National Institutes of Health FX This work was supported by the National Institutes of Health (R01 GM083983-01), the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, and the RAPIDD programme of the Science and Technology Directorate, Department of Homeland Security, and the Fogarty International Center, National Institutes of Health (V. E. P and B. G.). The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). NR 59 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 1 U2 11 PU ROYAL SOC PI LONDON PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND SN 1742-5689 J9 J R SOC INTERFACE JI J. R. Soc. Interface PD NOV 7 PY 2011 VL 8 IS 64 BP 1584 EP 1593 DI 10.1098/rsif.2011.0062 PG 10 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 824OJ UT WOS:000295211200005 PM 21508015 ER PT J AU Hurley, LP Wortley, P Allison, MA O'Leary, S Daley, MF Babbel, C Crane, LA Stokley, S Beaty, B Dickinson, LM Kempe, A AF Hurley, Laura P. Wortley, Pascale Allison, Mandy A. O'Leary, Sean Daley, Matthew F. Babbel, Christine Crane, Lori A. Stokley, Shannon Beaty, Brenda Dickinson, L. Miriam Kempe, Allison TI Seasonal influenza vaccination in adults: Practice and attitudes about collaborative delivery with community vaccinators SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Immunization delivery; Adult vaccination; Seasonal influenza vaccination ID IMMUNIZATION INFORMATION-SYSTEMS; UNITED-STATES; LOGISTIC-REGRESSION; MONROE COUNTY; NEW-YORK; PHARMACISTS; PERCEPTIONS; PROGRESS; MODEL; RISK AB Background: Less than half of adults for whom seasonal influenza vaccine is recommended receive the vaccine. Little is known about physician willingness to collaborate with community vaccinators to improve delivery of vaccine. Objectives: To assess among general internists and family medicine physicians: (1) seasonal influenza vaccination practices, (2) willingness to collaborate with community vaccinators, (3) barriers to collaboration, and (4) characteristics associated with unwillingness to refer patients to community sites for vaccination. Design: Mail and Internet-based survey. Setting: National survey conducted during July-October 2009. Participants: General internists and family medicine physicians. Measurements: Survey responses on vaccination practices, willingness to collaborate to deliver vaccine and barriers to collaboration. Results: Response rates were 78% (337/432 general internists) and 70% (298/424 family medicine physicians). Ninety-eight percent of physicians reported giving influenza vaccine in their practice during the 2008-2009 season. Most physicians reported willingness to refer certain patients to other community vaccinators such as public clinics or pharmacies (79%); to collaborate with public health entities in holding community vaccination clinics (76%); and set up vaccination clinics with Other practices (69%). The most frequently reported barriers to collaboration included concerns about record transfer (24%) and the time and effort collaboration would take (21%). Reporting loss of income (RR 1.40, 95% CI 1.03-1.89) and losing opportunities to provide important medical services to patients with chronic medical conditions (RR 1.77, 95% CI 1.25-2.78) were associated with unwillingness to refer patients outside of the practice for vaccination. Limitations: Surveyed physicians may not be representative of all physicians. Conclusions: The majority of physicians report willingness to collaborate with other community vaccinators to increase influenza vaccination rates although some will need assurance that collaboration will be financially feasible and will not compromise care. Successful collaboration will require reliable record transfer and must not be time consuming. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Hurley, Laura P.] Denver Hlth, Div Gen Internal Med, Denver, CO USA. [Wortley, Pascale] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Allison, Mandy A.] Univ Utah, Dept Pediat, Salt Lake City, UT USA. [O'Leary, Sean; Daley, Matthew F.; Kempe, Allison] Univ Colorado Denver, Dept Pediat, Aurora, CO USA. [Crane, Lori A.; Kempe, Allison] Univ Colorado Denver, Colorado Sch Publ Hlth, Aurora, CO USA. [Daley, Matthew F.; Beaty, Brenda; Kempe, Allison] Univ Colorado Denver, Colorado Hlth Outcomes Program, Aurora, CO USA. [O'Leary, Sean; Daley, Matthew F.; Babbel, Christine; Crane, Lori A.; Beaty, Brenda; Dickinson, L. Miriam; Kempe, Allison] Childrens Hosp, Childrens Outcomes Res Program, Aurora, CO USA. [Daley, Matthew F.] Kaiser Permanente Colorado, Inst Hlth Res, Denver, CO USA. RP Hurley, LP (reprint author), 301 W 6th Ave,MC3251, Denver, CO 80204 USA. EM laura.hurley@dhha.org FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention PEP [MM-1040-08/08] FX We want to thank all general internists and family medicine physicians in the Networks for participating and responding to the survey. This investigation was funded by a grant from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention PEP (MM-1040-08/08). NR 35 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD NOV 3 PY 2011 VL 29 IS 47 BP 8649 EP 8655 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.08.126 PG 7 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 848GA UT WOS:000297037400025 PM 21933693 ER PT J AU Hornstra, HM Priestley, RA Georgia, SM Kachur, S Birdsell, DN Hilsabeck, R Gates, LT Samuel, JE Heinzen, RA Kersh, GJ Keim, P Massung, RF Pearson, T AF Hornstra, Heidie M. Priestley, Rachael A. Georgia, Shalamar M. Kachur, Sergey Birdsell, Dawn N. Hilsabeck, Remy Gates, Lauren T. Samuel, James E. Heinzen, Robert A. Kersh, Gilbert J. Keim, Paul Massung, Robert F. Pearson, Talima TI Rapid Typing of Coxiella burnetii SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID AMPLIFICATION MUTATION ASSAY; PCR; GENE AB Coxiella burnetii has the potential to cause serious disease and is highly prevalent in the environment. Despite this, epidemiological data are sparse and isolate collections are typically small, rare, and difficult to share among laboratories as this pathogen is governed by select agent rules and fastidious to culture. With the advent of whole genome sequencing, some of this knowledge gap has been overcome by the development of genotyping schemes, however many of these methods are cumbersome and not readily transferable between institutions. As comparisons of the few existing collections can dramatically increase our knowledge of the evolution and phylogeography of the species, we aimed to facilitate such comparisons by extracting SNP signatures from past genotyping efforts and then incorporated these signatures into assays that quickly and easily define genotypes and phylogenetic groups. We found 91 polymorphisms (SNPs and indels) among multispacer sequence typing (MST) loci and designed 14 SNP-based assays that could be used to type samples based on previously established phylogenetic groups. These assays are rapid, inexpensive, real-time PCR assays whose results are unambiguous. Data from these assays allowed us to assign 43 previously untyped isolates to established genotypes and genomic groups. Furthermore, genotyping results based on assays from the signatures provided here are easily transferred between institutions, readily interpreted phylogenetically and simple to adapt to new genotyping technologies. C1 [Hornstra, Heidie M.; Georgia, Shalamar M.; Kachur, Sergey; Birdsell, Dawn N.; Hilsabeck, Remy; Gates, Lauren T.; Keim, Paul; Pearson, Talima] No Arizona Univ, Ctr Microbial Genet & Genom, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. [Priestley, Rachael A.; Kersh, Gilbert J.; Massung, Robert F.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Rickettsial Zoonoses Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Samuel, James E.] Texas A&M Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Microbial & Mol Pathogenesis, College Stn, TX USA. [Heinzen, Robert A.] NIAID, Intracellular Parasites Lab, Rocky Mt Labs, NIH, Hamilton, MT USA. [Keim, Paul] Translat Genom Res Inst, Pathogen Genom Div, Phoenix, AZ USA. RP Hornstra, HM (reprint author), No Arizona Univ, Ctr Microbial Genet & Genom, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. EM rfm2@cdc.gov; talima.pearson@nau.edu FU U.S. Department of Homeland Security ST CB Division FX This work was supported by the U.S. Department of Homeland Security S&T CB Division Bioforensics R&D Program. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 21 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 1 U2 6 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD NOV 2 PY 2011 VL 6 IS 11 AR e26201 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0026201 PG 8 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 849WB UT WOS:000297154900015 PM 22073151 ER PT J AU Valderrama, AL Loustalot, F Gillespie, C George, MG Schooley, M Briss, P Dube, S Jamal, A Yoon, PW AF Valderrama, Amy L. Loustalot, Fleetwood Gillespie, Cathleen George, Mary G. Schooley, Michael Briss, Peter Dube, Shanta Jamal, Ahmed Yoon, Paula W. TI Million Hearts: Strategies to Reduce the Prevalence of Leading Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors-United States, 2011 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 60, pg 1248-1251, 2011) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint ID VITAL SIGNS PREVALENCE; ADULTS C1 [Valderrama, Amy L.; Loustalot, Fleetwood; Gillespie, Cathleen; George, Mary G.; Schooley, Michael] CDC, Div Heart Dis & Stroke Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Briss, Peter] CDC, Off Director, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Jamal, Ahmed] CDC, Off Smoking & Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Yoon, Paula W.] CDC, Epidemiol & Anal Program Off, Off Surveillance Epidemiol & Lab Svcs, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Valderrama, AL (reprint author), CDC, Div Heart Dis & Stroke Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM avalderrama@cdc.gov NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD NOV 2 PY 2011 VL 306 IS 17 BP 1854 EP 1856 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 839OD UT WOS:000296376200009 ER PT J AU King, B Dube, S Kaufmann, R Shaw, L Pechacek, T AF King, Brian Dube, Shanta Kaufmann, Rachel Shaw, Lauren Pechacek, Terry TI Vital Signs: Current Cigarette Smoking Among Adults Aged >= 18 Years-United States, 2005-2010 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 60, pg 1207-1212, 2011) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint C1 [King, Brian; Dube, Shanta; Kaufmann, Rachel; Shaw, Lauren; Pechacek, Terry] CDC, Off Smoking & Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP King, B (reprint author), CDC, Off Smoking & Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM baking@cdc.gov NR 1 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD NOV 2 PY 2011 VL 306 IS 17 BP 1857 EP 1860 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 839OD UT WOS:000296376200011 ER PT J AU Roland, KB Soman, A Benard, VB Saraiya, M AF Roland, Katherine B. Soman, Ashwini Benard, Vicki B. Saraiya, Mona TI Human papillomavirus and Papanicolaou tests screening interval recommendations in the United States SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE cervical cancer screening; HPV test; screening guideline; screening interval ID INVASIVE CERVICAL-CANCER; GUIDELINES; VIGNETTES; SOCIETY; QUALITY; CARE; MANAGEMENT; NEOPLASIA; CYTOLOGY; BREAST AB OBJECTIVE: Guidelines recommend when the human papillomavirus (HPV) and Papanicolaou tests are used together (HPV co-test) for routine cervical cancer screening, screening intervals can be extended to 3 years. We assessed HPV test practices and Papanicolaou test screening interval recommendations of US providers. STUDY DESIGN: Using a multistage probability design, we analyzed nationally representative data that were collected in 2006 through the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey and National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey. RESULTS: Approximately 51% of providers ordered the HPV co-test; however, clinical vignettes found that < 15% of providers who ordered the HPV test recommend the next Papanicolaou test in 3 years for women with concurrent normal HPV co-test results and a documented normal screening history. CONCLUSION: Overall, annual cervical cancer screening continues to be a common recommendation, regardless of whether a screening history has been established or an HPV test has been ordered. C1 [Roland, Katherine B.; Benard, Vicki B.; Saraiya, Mona] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidemiol & Appl Res Branch, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. [Soman, Ashwini] Northrop Grumman, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Roland, KB (reprint author), 4770 Buford Hwy NE,MS K-55, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM kroland@cdc.gov NR 32 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0002-9378 J9 AM J OBSTET GYNECOL JI Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 205 IS 5 AR 447.e1 DI 10.1016/j.ajog.2011.06.001 PG 8 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 842EB UT WOS:000296572300016 PM 21840492 ER PT J AU Stevens, J Phelan, E AF Stevens, J. Phelan, E. TI STEADI-A FALL PREVENTION TOOLKIT FOR PRIMARY CARE PROVIDERS SO GERONTOLOGIST LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Stevens, J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Phelan, E.] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0016-9013 J9 GERONTOLOGIST JI Gerontologist PD NOV PY 2011 VL 51 SU 2 BP 628 EP 628 PG 1 WC Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 936PH UT WOS:000303602004271 ER PT J AU Amparo, P Farr, SL Dietz, PM AF Amparo, Pamela Farr, Sherry L. Dietz, Patricia M. TI Chronic Disease Risk Factors Among American Indian/Alaska Native Women of Reproductive Age SO PREVENTING CHRONIC DISEASE LA English DT Article ID MATERNAL OBESITY; DIABETES-MELLITUS; HEALTH BEHAVIORS; PREGNANCY; METAANALYSIS; ADULTS AB Introduction The magnitude of chronic conditions and risk factors among American Indian/Alaska Native women of reproductive age is unknown. The objective of our study was to estimate this magnitude. Methods We analyzed data for 2,821 American Indian/Alaska Native women and 105,664 non-Hispanic white women aged 18 to 44 years from the 2005 and 2007 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System. We examined prevalence of high cholesterol, high blood pressure, diabetes, body mass index (kg/m(2)) >= 25.0, physical inactivity, smoking, excessive alcohol consumption, and frequent mental distress, and the cumulative number of these chronic conditions and risk factors (>= 3, 2, 1, or 0). In a multivariable, multinomial logistic regression model, we examined whether American Indian/Alaska Native race was associated with the cumulative number of chronic conditions and risk factors. Results American Indian/Alaska Native women, compared with white women, had significantly higher rates of high blood pressure, diabetes, obesity, smoking, and frequent mental distress. Of American Indian/Alaska Native women, 41% had 3 or more chronic conditions or risk factors compared with 27% of white women (chi(2), P < .001). After adjustment for income, education, and other demographic variables, American Indian/Alaska Native race was not associated with having either 1, 2, or 3 or more chronic conditions or risk factors. Conclusion Three out of every 5 American Indian/Alaska Native women aged 18 to 44 years have 3 or more chronic conditions or risk factors. Improving economic status and education for AI/AN women could help eliminate disparities in health status. C1 [Dietz, Patricia M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Dietz, PM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, MS K-22,4770 Buford Hwy NE, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM PDietz@cdc.gov NR 28 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 2 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1545-1151 J9 PREV CHRONIC DIS JI Prev. Chronic Dis. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 8 IS 6 AR A118 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 896JZ UT WOS:000300563000001 PM 22005611 ER PT J AU Cheng, D Patel, P AF Cheng, Diana Patel, Priti TI Optimizing Women's Health in a Title X Family Planning Program, Baltimore County, Maryland, 2001-2004 SO PREVENTING CHRONIC DISEASE LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; PRECONCEPTION CARE; YOUNG-WOMEN; SERVICES; ADOLESCENTS; CHLAMYDIA; CLINICS; ACCESS; MODEL AB Background Although women usually obtain family planning services during their reproductive years, their need for comprehensive preventive services that promote wellness beyond reproductive health is often ignored. Community Context The Maryland Department of Health and Mental Hygiene sought to improve the general health of women and reduce their risk for adverse pregnancy outcomes by integrating women's health services into the Baltimore County Title X program. Title X is a federal family planning grant program primarily serving low-income, uninsured people. Methods After completing a needs assessment, we addressed gaps in women's wellness services in 3 family planning clinics. On-site services included counseling, screening, and referral for nutrition and physical activity, adult vaccination, depression, domestic violence, smoking cessation, substance abuse, and general medical disorders. A local multidisciplinary task force provided leadership for the clinical infrastructure of the project and served as a resource for women's health referrals. Outcome Every staff person surveyed reported that the project had a positive effect on the community and should be continued. Clients identified non-reproductive health services they needed but would not have received otherwise. During the 3-year period, patient volume increased 28% for the pilot sites, compared to 1% for the state family planning program overall. Interpretation With collaboration from a multidisciplinary community task force, the Title X family planning program can help provide needed preconception, interconception, and general women's health services, especially for women who have difficulty accessing care. C1 [Cheng, Diana; Patel, Priti] Maryland Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, Ctr Maternal & Child Hlth, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [Patel, Priti] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Sci Educ & Profess Dev Program Off, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Cheng, D (reprint author), Maryland Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, Ctr Maternal & Child Hlth, 201 W Preston St,Rm 313, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. EM chengd@dhmh.state.md.us FU Maternal and Child Health Bureau, Health Resources and Services Administration, Department of Health and Human Services FX The WELL Project gratefully acknowledges the financial and programmatic support of the Maternal and Child Health Bureau, Health Resources and Services Administration, Department of Health and Human Services. WELL also acknowledges the programmatic and clinical support of the Baltimore County Department of Health, Towson University, and the Title X program. NR 14 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 6 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1545-1151 J9 PREV CHRONIC DIS JI Prev. Chronic Dis. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 8 IS 6 AR A126 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 896JZ UT WOS:000300563000009 PM 22005619 ER PT J AU Farr, SL Hayes, DK Bitsko, RH Bansil, P Dietz, PM AF Farr, Sherry L. Hayes, Donald K. Bitsko, Rebecca H. Bansil, Pooja Dietz, Patricia M. TI Depression, Diabetes, and Chronic Disease Risk Factors Among US Women of Reproductive Age SO PREVENTING CHRONIC DISEASE LA English DT Article ID PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; UNITED-STATES; META-ANALYSIS; METAANALYSIS; SMOKING; DISORDERS; OBESITY; ADULTS; ASSOCIATION; MANAGEMENT AB Introduction Depression and chronic disease have implications for women's overall health and future pregnancies. The objective of this study was to estimate the prevalence and predictors of diabetes and chronic disease risk factors among reproductive-age women with depression. Methods We used population-based data from the 2006, 2008, and 2010 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System to examine prevalence of diabetes and prediabetes, binge and heavy drinking, smoking, overweight and obesity, and physical inactivity among 69,043 women aged 18 to 44 years with current major or minor depression, a past depression diagnosis, or no depression. In a multivariable logistic regression model, we calculated adjusted odds ratios (AORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of 1, 2, and 3 or more chronic disease risk factors by depression status. Results We found that 12.8% of reproductive-aged women experienced both current depression and 1 or more chronic disease risk factors. Compared to women with no depression, currently depressed women and those with a past diagnosis had higher prevalence of diabetes, smoking, binge or heavy drinking, obesity, and physical inactivity (P < .001 for all). Odds of 3 or more chronic conditions and risk factors were elevated among women with major (AOR, 5.7; 95% CI, 4.3-7.7), minor (AOR, 4.7; 95% CI, 3.7-6.1), and past diagnosis of depression (AOR, 2.8; 95% CI, 2.4-3.4). Conclusion Depressed women of reproductive age have high rates of chronic disease risk factors, which may affect their overall health and future pregnancies. C1 [Farr, Sherry L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Farr, SL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Hwy,MS K-22, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM SFarr@cdc.gov NR 28 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 2 U2 4 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1545-1151 J9 PREV CHRONIC DIS JI Prev. Chronic Dis. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 8 IS 6 AR A119 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 896JZ UT WOS:000300563000002 PM 22005612 ER PT J AU Farr, SL Dietz, PM Williams, JR Gibbs, FA Tregear, S AF Farr, Sherry L. Dietz, Patricia M. Williams, Jessica R. Gibbs, Falicia A. Tregear, Stephen TI Depression Screening and Treatment Among Nonpregnant Women of Reproductive Age in the United States, 1990-2010 SO PREVENTING CHRONIC DISEASE LA English DT Review ID CASE-FINDING INSTRUMENTS; PRIMARY-CARE SETTINGS; COMORBIDITY SURVEY REPLICATION; OBSTETRICIAN-GYNECOLOGISTS; MINORITY WOMEN; LIFE-SPAN; METAANALYSIS; PREGNANCY; DISORDER; TRIALS AB Introduction Whether routine screening for depression among nonpregnant women of reproductive age improves identification and treatment of the disorder remains unclear. We conducted a systematic review of the literature to address 5 key questions specific to this population: 1) What are the current national clinical practice recommendations and guidelines for depression screening; 2) What are the prevalence and predictors of screening; 3) How well do screening tools detect depression; 4) Does screening lead to diagnosis, treatment, and improved outcomes; and 5) What are the most effective treatment methods? Methods We searched bibliographic databases for full-length articles published in English between 1990 and 2010 that addressed at least 1 of our key questions. Results We identified 5 clinical practice guidelines pertinent to question 1, and 12 systematic reviews or post-hoc analyses of pooled data that addressed questions 3 through 5. No systematic reviews addressed question 2; however, we identified 4 individual studies addressing this question. Current guidelines do not recommend universal screening for depression in adults, unless staff supports are in place to diagnose, treat, and follow up patients. Reported screening rates ranged from 33% to 84% among women. Several validated screening tools for depression exist; however, their performance among this population is unknown. Screening in high-risk populations may improve the patient's receipt of diagnosis and treatment. Effective treatments include exercise, psychotherapy, and pharmacotherapy. Conclusion More research is needed on whether routine screening for depression among women of reproductive age increases diagnosis and treatment of depression, improves preconception health, and reduces adverse outcomes. C1 [Farr, Sherry L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Williams, Jessica R.; Tregear, Stephen] Manila Consulting Grp, Mclean, VA USA. RP Farr, SL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, MS K-22,4770 Buford Hwy NE, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM SFarr@cdc.gov RI Weaver, Marissa/C-4027-2012 NR 45 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 3 U2 7 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1545-1151 J9 PREV CHRONIC DIS JI Prev. Chronic Dis. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 8 IS 6 AR A122 PG 15 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 896JZ UT WOS:000300563000005 PM 22005615 ER PT J AU Grimm, KA Blanck, HM AF Grimm, Kirsten Ann Blanck, Heidi Michels TI Survey Language Preference as a Predictor of Meeting Fruit and Vegetable Objectives Among Hispanic Adults in the United States, Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, 2009 SO PREVENTING CHRONIC DISEASE LA English DT Article ID MEXICAN-AMERICAN WOMEN; US HISPANICS; ACCULTURATION; HEALTH; CONSUMPTION; FREQUENCY; SERVICES; ACCESS; CARE; FAT AB Introduction Although Hispanics are a rapidly growing ethnic minority in the United States, the effect of acculturation on the proportion of Hispanics who meet national objectives for fruit and vegetable consumption has not been fully investigated. Our objective was to determine the extent to which ethnicity and acculturation (indicated by survey language preference) are associated with fruit and vegetable consumption among Hispanics in the United States. Methods Fruit and vegetable consumption among adult respondents to the 2009 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System was determined from data collected from the 31 states and 2 territories that offered the fruit and vegetable screener in Spanish and English (n = 287,997). Logistic regression analyses were used to determine whether ethnicity (Hispanic vs non-Hispanic white) and survey language preference (English vs Spanish) were related to meeting objectives of consuming fruit 2 or more times per day and vegetables 3 or more times per day. Results More Hispanics (37.6%) than non-Hispanic whites (32.0%) and more Spanish-speaking Hispanics (41.0%) than English-speaking Hispanics (34.7%) ate fruit 2 or more times per day. Conversely, more non-Hispanic whites (28.5%) than Hispanics (18.9%) and more English-speaking Hispanics (21.8%) than Spanish-speaking Hispanics (15.8%) ate vegetables 3 or more times per day. All associations remained significant after controlling for covariates. Conclusion Our findings have implications regarding how brief screeners can be used to determine possible dietary disparities among the Hispanic population in the United States and to monitor population goals to eliminate racial and ethnic health disparities. C1 [Grimm, Kirsten Ann; Blanck, Heidi Michels] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Grimm, KA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,MS K25, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM KGrimm@cdc.gov NR 29 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 5 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1545-1151 J9 PREV CHRONIC DIS JI Prev. Chronic Dis. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 8 IS 6 AR A133 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 896JZ UT WOS:000300563000016 PM 22005626 ER PT J AU Hayes, DK Fan, AZ Smith, RA Bombard, JM AF Hayes, Donald K. Fan, Amy Z. Smith, Ruben A. Bombard, Jennifer M. TI Trends in Selected Chronic Conditions and Behavioral Risk Factors Among Women of Reproductive Age, Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, 2001-2009 SO PREVENTING CHRONIC DISEASE LA English DT Article ID CHRONIC DISEASE; OBESITY; STATES; ASSOCIATION; PREGNANCY; OUTCOMES; CANCER AB Introduction Some potentially modifiable risk factors and chronic conditions cause significant disease and death during pregnancy and promote the development of chronic disease. This study describes recent trends of modifiable risk factors and controllable chronic conditions among reproductive-aged women. Methods Data from the 2001 to 2009 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, a representative state-based telephone survey of health behavior in US adults, was analyzed for 327,917 women of reproductive age, 18 to 44 years. We calculated prevalence ratios over time to assess trends for 4 selected risk factors and 4 chronic conditions, accounting for age, race/ethnicity, education, health care coverage, and individual states. Results From 2001 to 2009, estimates of 2 risk factors improved: smoking declined from 25.9% to 18.8%, and physical inactivity declined from 25.0% to 23.0%. One risk factor, heavy drinking, did not change. From 2003 to 2009, the estimates for 1 risk factor and 4 chronic conditions worsened: obesity increased from 18.3% to 24.7%, diabetes increased from 2.1% to 2.9%, high cholesterol increased from 10.3% to 13.6%, asthma increased from 13.5% to 16.2%, and high blood pressure increased from 9.0% to 10.1%. All trends were significant after adjustment, except that for heavy drinking. Conclusion Among women of reproductive age, prevalence of smoking and physical inactivity improved, but prevalence of obesity and all 4 chronic conditions worsened. Understanding reasons for the improvements in smoking and physical activity may support the development of targeted interventions to reverse the trends and help prevent chronic disease and adverse reproductive outcomes among women in this age group. C1 [Hayes, Donald K.] Hawaii Dept Hlth, Family Hlth Serv Div, Honolulu, HI 96816 USA. [Hayes, Donald K.; Fan, Amy Z.; Smith, Ruben A.; Bombard, Jennifer M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Hayes, DK (reprint author), Hawaii Dept Hlth, Family Hlth Serv Div, 3652 Kilauea Ave, Honolulu, HI 96816 USA. EM DHayes@cdc.gov FU Rollins School of Public Health at Emory University; Lorrie Gavin in the Division of Reproductive Health at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX We acknowledge the support and assistance of Roger Rochat from the Rollins School of Public Health at Emory University and colleagues Patty Dietz, Charlan Kroelinger, Wanda Barfield, and Lorrie Gavin in the Division of Reproductive Health at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, who assisted in oversight and general review of the analysis. This research received no specific grant from any funding agency in the public, commercial, or nonprofit sectors. NR 25 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 4 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1545-1151 J9 PREV CHRONIC DIS JI Prev. Chronic Dis. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 8 IS 6 AR A120 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 896JZ UT WOS:000300563000003 PM 22005613 ER PT J AU Hu, SS Pierannunzi, C Balluz, L AF Hu, Shaohua Sean Pierannunzi, Carol Balluz, Lina TI Integrating a Multimode Design Into a National Random-Digit-Dialed Telephone Survey SO PREVENTING CHRONIC DISEASE LA English DT Article ID PUBLIC-HEALTH SURVEILLANCE; CELL; LANDLINE; NUMBERS; NONRESPONSE; IMPACT; BIAS AB The Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) was originally conducted by using a landline telephone survey mode of data collection. To meet challenges of random-digit-dial (RDD) surveys and to ensure data quality and validity, BRFSS is integrating multiple modes of data collection to enhance validity. The survey of adults who use only cellular telephones is now conducted in parallel with ongoing, monthly landline telephone BRFSS data collection, and a mail follow-up survey is being implemented to increase response rates and to assess nonresponse bias. A pilot study in which respondents' physical measurements are taken is being conducted to assess the feasibility of collecting these data for a subsample of adults in 2 states. Physical measures would allow for the adjustment of key self-reported risk factor and health condition estimates and improve the accuracy and usefulness of BRFSS data. This article provides an overview of these new modes of data collection. C1 [Pierannunzi, Carol; Balluz, Lina] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Behav Surveillance, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Hu, SS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Smoking & Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Highway NE,Mailstop K-50, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM shu@cdc.gov NR 25 TC 14 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 1 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1545-1151 J9 PREV CHRONIC DIS JI Prev. Chronic Dis. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 8 IS 6 AR A145 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 896JZ UT WOS:000300563000028 PM 22005638 ER PT J AU Jiang, YW Zack, MM AF Jiang, Yongwen Zack, Matthew M. TI A Latent Class Modeling Approach to Evaluate Behavioral Risk Factors and Health-Related Quality of Life SO PREVENTING CHRONIC DISEASE LA English DT Article ID FACTOR SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM; US ADULTS; DRUG-USE; POPULATION; PATTERNS; ASSOCIATIONS; REGRESSION; DRINKING; OUTCOMES; OBESITY AB Introduction The Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) monitors multiple health indicators related to 4 domains: risky behaviors, health conditions, health care access, and use of preventive services. When evaluating the effect of these indicators on health-related quality of life (HRQOL), conventional analytical methods focus only on individual risks and thus are not ideally suited for analyzing complex relationships among many health indicators. The objectives of this study were to 1) summarize and group multiple related health indicators within a health domain by using latent class modeling and 2) analyze how 24 health indicators in 4 health domains were associated with 2 HRQOL outcomes to identify Rhode Island adult populations at highest risk for poor HRQOL. Methods The 2008 Rhode Island BRFSS, a population-based, random-digit-dialed telephone survey, collected responses from 4,786 adults aged 18 years or older. We used latent class modeling to assign 24 health indicators to high-, intermediate-, and low-risk groups within 4 domains. The effects of all risks on HRQOL were then assessed with logistic regression modeling. Results The latent class model with 3 classes fitted the 4 domains best. Respondents with more health conditions and limited health care access were more likely to have frequent physical distress. Those with more health conditions, risky behaviors, and limited health care access were more likely to have frequent mental distress. Use of preventive health services did not affect risk for frequent physical or mental distress. Conclusion The latent class modeling approach can be applied to identifying high-risk subpopulations in Rhode Island for which interventions may have the most substantial effect on HRQOL. C1 [Jiang, Yongwen] Brown Univ, Sch Med, Providence, RI 02912 USA. [Zack, Matthew M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Jiang, YW (reprint author), Rhode Isl Dept Hlth, Ctr Hlth Data & Anal, 3 Capitol Hill, Providence, RI 02908 USA. EM Yongwen.Jiang@health.ri.gov FU Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion Programs [5U58DP122791-05] FX We thank our colleagues in the Rhode Island Department of Health for their comments and suggestions as the manuscript evolved. We also thank William W. Thompson, PhD, and Kurt Greenlund, PhD, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, for reviewing and commenting on the final draft. This work and the 2008 Rhode Island Behavioral BRFSS were supported in part by the Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion Programs Cooperative Agreement no. 5U58DP122791-05. NR 31 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 7 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1545-1151 J9 PREV CHRONIC DIS JI Prev. Chronic Dis. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 8 IS 6 AR A137 PG 12 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 896JZ UT WOS:000300563000020 PM 22005630 ER PT J AU Leone, AF Rigby, S Betterley, C Park, S Kurtz, H Johnson, MA Lee, JS AF Leone, Angela F. Rigby, Samantha Betterley, Connie Park, Sohyun Kurtz, Hilda Johnson, Mary Ann Lee, Jung Sun TI Store Type and Demographic Influence on the Availability and Price of Healthful Foods, Leon County, Florida, 2008 SO PREVENTING CHRONIC DISEASE LA English DT Article ID RACIAL COMPOSITION; MARKET BASKET; NUTRITION; VEGETABLES; FRUITS; COST; COMMUNITIES; DISPARITIES; ENVIRONMENT; GUIDELINES AB Introduction The availability of healthful foods varies by neighborhood. We examined the availability and price of more healthful foods by store type, neighborhood income level, and racial composition in a community with high rates of diet-related illness and death. Methods We used the modified Nutrition Environment Measures Survey in Stores to conduct this cross-sectional study in 2008. We surveyed 73 stores (29% supermarkets, 11% grocery stores, and 60% convenience stores) in Leon County, Florida. We analyzed the price and availability of foods defined by the 2005 Dietary Guidelines for Americans as "food groups to encourage." We used descriptive statistics, t tests, analysis of variance, and chi(2) tests in the analysis. Results Measures of availability for all more healthful foods differed by store type (P < .001). Overall, supermarkets provided the lowest price for most fresh fruits and vegetables, low-fat milk, and whole-wheat bread. Availability of 10 of the 20 fruits and vegetables surveyed, shelf space devoted to low-fat milk, and varieties of whole-wheat bread differed by neighborhood income level (P < .05), but no trends were seen for the availability or price of more healthful foods by neighborhood racial composition. Conclusions Store type affects the availability and price of more healthful foods. In particular, people without access to supermarkets may have limited ability to purchase healthful foods. Nutrition environment studies such as this one can be used to encourage improvements in neighborhoods that lack adequate access to affordable, healthful food, such as advocating for large retail stores, farmer's markets, and community gardens in disadvantaged neighborhoods. C1 [Lee, Jung Sun] Univ Georgia, Dept Foods & Nutr, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Betterley, Connie] Florida Dept Hlth, Tallahassee, FL USA. [Park, Sohyun] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Lee, JS (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Dept Foods & Nutr, 280 Dawson Hall, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM leejs@fcs.uga.edu NR 32 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 11 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1545-1151 J9 PREV CHRONIC DIS JI Prev. Chronic Dis. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 8 IS 6 AR A140 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 896JZ UT WOS:000300563000023 PM 22005633 ER PT J AU Robbins, CL Dietz, PM Bombard, J Tregear, M Schmidt, SM Tregear, SJ AF Robbins, Cheryl L. Dietz, Patricia M. Bombard, Jennifer Tregear, Michelle Schmidt, Steven M. Tregear, Stephen J. TI Lifestyle Interventions for Hypertension and Dyslipidemia Among Women of Reproductive Age SO PREVENTING CHRONIC DISEASE LA English DT Review ID RESTING BLOOD-PRESSURE; CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE; DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIALS; POLYCYSTIC-OVARY-SYNDROME; AEROBIC EXERCISE; RISK-FACTORS; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; PREMENOPAUSAL WOMEN; SERUM-LIPIDS AB Introduction Hypertension and dyslipidemia often precede cardiovascular disease. Lifestyle modifications help prevent these conditions, and referrals for women may be possible during reproductive health care visits. However, screening recommendations vary, which may affect screening rates. The objectives of this systematic review were to 1) assess the available literature on the effectiveness of lifestyle interventions, 2) review hypertension and dyslipidemia screening recommendations for consistency, and 3) report prevalence data for hypertension and dyslipidemia screening among women of reproductive age. Methods We conducted a systematic literature search (January 1990-November 2010) for 1) randomized controlled trials on the impact of lifestyle interventions on cardiovascular disease risk factors in women of reproductive age, 2) evidence-based guidelines on hypertension and dyslipidemia screening, and 3) population-based prevalence studies on hypertension or dyslipidemia screening or both. Results Twenty-one of 555 retrieved studies (4%) met our inclusion criteria. Lifestyle interventions improved lipid levels in 10 of 18 studies and blood pressure in 4 of 9 studies. Most guidelines recommended hypertension screening at least every 2 years and dyslipidemia screening every 5 years, but recommendations for who should receive dyslipidemia screening varied. One study indicated that 82% of women of reproductive age received hypertension screening during the preceding year. In another study, only 49% of women aged 20 to 45 years received recommended dyslipidemia screening. Conclusions Lifestyle interventions may offer modest benefits for reducing blood pressure and lipids in this population. Inconsistency among recommendations for dyslipidemia screening may contribute to low screening rates. Future studies should clarify predictors of and barriers to cholesterol screening in this population. C1 [Robbins, Cheryl L.; Dietz, Patricia M.; Bombard, Jennifer; Schmidt, Steven M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Tregear, Michelle; Tregear, Stephen J.] Manila Consulting Grp, Evidence Based Decis & Policy Making Grp, Mclean, VA USA. RP Robbins, CL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,Mailstop K-22, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM ggf9@cdc.gov NR 65 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 2 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1545-1151 J9 PREV CHRONIC DIS JI Prev. Chronic Dis. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 8 IS 6 AR A123 PG 21 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 896JZ UT WOS:000300563000006 PM 22005616 ER PT J AU Tong, VT Dietz, PM England, LJ Farr, SL Kim, SY D'Angelo, D Bombard, JM AF Tong, Van T. Dietz, Patricia M. England, Lucinda J. Farr, Sherry L. Kim, Shin Y. D'Angelo, Denise Bombard, Jennifer M. TI Age and Racial/Ethnic Disparities in Prepregnancy Smoking Among Women Who Delivered Live Births SO PREVENTING CHRONIC DISEASE LA English DT Article ID MONITORING-SYSTEM PRAMS; UNITED-STATES; PREGNANCY; CESSATION; INTERVENTIONS; PREVALENCE AB Introduction Prenatal smoking prevalence remains high in the United States. To reduce prenatal smoking prevalence, efforts should focus on delivering evidence-based cessation interventions to women who are most likely to smoke before pregnancy. Our objective was to identify groups with the highest prepregnancy smoking prevalence by age within 6 racial/ethnic groups. Methods We analyzed data from 186,064 women with a recent live birth from 32 states and New York City from the 2004-2008 Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (PRAMS), a population-based survey of postpartum women. We calculated self-reported smoking prevalence during the 3 months before pregnancy for 6 maternal racial/ethnic groups by maternal age (18-24 y or >= 25 y). For each racial/ethnic group, we modeled the probability of smoking by age, adjusting for education, Medicaid enrollment, parity, pregnancy intention, state of residence, and year of birth. Results Younger women had higher prepregnancy smoking prevalence (33.2%) than older women (17.6%), overall and in all racial/ethnic groups. Smoking prevalences were higher among younger non-Hispanic whites (46.4%), younger Alaska Natives (55.6%), and younger American Indians (46.9%). After adjusting for confounders, younger non-Hispanic whites, Hispanics, Alaska Natives, and Asian/Pacific Islanders were 1.12 to 1.50 times as likely to smoke as their older counterparts. Conclusion Age-appropriate and culturally specific tobacco control interventions should be integrated into reproductive health settings to reach younger non-Hispanic white, Alaska Native, and American Indian women before they become pregnant. C1 [Tong, Van T.; Dietz, Patricia M.; England, Lucinda J.; Farr, Sherry L.; Kim, Shin Y.; D'Angelo, Denise; Bombard, Jennifer M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Tong, VT (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,MS-K22, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM vtong@cdc.gov NR 21 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 4 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1545-1151 J9 PREV CHRONIC DIS JI Prev. Chronic Dis. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 8 IS 6 AR A121 PG 11 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 896JZ UT WOS:000300563000004 PM 22005614 ER PT J AU Trivers, KF Rodriguez, JL Hawkins, NA Cooper, CP Polonec, L Gelb, CA AF Trivers, Katrina F. Rodriguez, Juan L. Hawkins, Nikki A. Cooper, Crystale Purvis Polonec, Lindsey Gelb, Cynthia A. TI Intention to Seek Care for Symptoms Associated With Gynecologic Cancers, HealthStyles Survey, 2008 SO PREVENTING CHRONIC DISEASE LA English DT Article ID EPITHELIAL OVARIAN-CANCER; DIAGNOSIS; WOMEN; BORDERLINE AB Introduction Women with ovarian cancer typically experience symptoms before diagnosis; such symptoms for other gynecologic cancers have not been systematically studied. We investigated which symptoms of gynecologic cancers prompt intention to seek care among women and whether demographic differences in intention exist. This study was undertaken, in part, to inform development of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's campaign, Inside Knowledge: Get the Facts About Gynecologic Cancer. Methods We analyzed the 2008 HealthStyles dataset (n = 2,991 women), an annual, cross-sectional, national mail survey. We calculated weighted percentages of women who indicated an intention to seek care for symptoms (defined as intention to call or see a doctor) by demographic characteristics and level of concern about developing a gynecologic cancer. We evaluated independent predictors of intention to seek care for each symptom. Results or most symptoms, more than 50% of women reported an intention to seek care. Greater percentages of women indicated an intention to seek care for symptoms clearly gynecologic (eg, 91%, postmenopausal bleeding) than for symptoms not clearly gynecologic (eg, 37%, feeling full after eating a small amount). For most symptoms, after adjustment, black women, postmenopausal women, and women with greater concern about developing gynecologic cancers were more likely than their counterparts to intend to seek care. Conclusion Intention to seek care differed by race, menopausal status, and level of concern about developing a gynecologic cancer. These findings will help in developing messages to educate women about the array of gynecologic and nongynecologic cancer symptoms. C1 [Trivers, Katrina F.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Cooper, Crystale Purvis] Soltera Ctr Canc Prevent & Control, Tucson, AZ USA. RP Trivers, KF (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,MS K-55, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM ktrivers@cdc.gov FU Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, CDC FX Funding for this study was provided by the Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, CDC. NR 27 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 2 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1545-1151 J9 PREV CHRONIC DIS JI Prev. Chronic Dis. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 8 IS 6 AR A144 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 896JZ UT WOS:000300563000027 PM 22005637 ER PT J AU Cruz, EDD Pimenta, FC Andersen, BM Gir, E AF de Almeida Cruz, Elaine Drehmer Pimenta, Fabiana Cristina Andersen, Bjorg Marit Gir, Elucir TI Lessons to learn with the methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus control in Norway SO BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Staphylococcus aureus; resistance to methicillin; hospital infection epidemiological surveillance AB The prevalence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in Norway is low, compared to other European and American countries. The health system includes mandatory case reporting and has written guidelines for prevention and control. This communication describes the national public policies related to MRSA obtained from documents and academic experience gained during a doctoral fellowship in Oslo, Norway. The painstaking procedures used for investigating suspected cases, including health professionals, decolonization and case monitoring, could be important tools to be used by countries with a high prevalence of MRSA. C1 [de Almeida Cruz, Elaine Drehmer] Univ Fed Parana, Setor Ciencias Saude, Dept Nursing, BR-80210170 Curitiba, Parana, Brazil. [Pimenta, Fabiana Cristina] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Andersen, Bjorg Marit] Univ Oslo, Hosp Hyg Serv, Ulleval Hosp, N-0316 Oslo, Norway. [Gir, Elucir] Univ Sao Paulo, Sch Nursing, Sao Paulo, Brazil. RP Cruz, EDD (reprint author), Univ Fed Parana, Setor Ciencias Saude, Dept Nursing, Rua Lothario Meissner,632 Bloco Didatico 2,Campus, BR-80210170 Curitiba, Parana, Brazil. EM elainedrehmer@yahoo.com.br FU CAPES [2204/07]; Ribeirao Preto Nursing School, Universidade de Sao Paulo FX Financial Support: Article related to a doctorate internship carried out as part of a sandwich course at the University of Oslo, Norway, supported by CAPES (process #2204/07). Interunits Program, Ribeirao Preto Nursing School, Universidade de Sao Paulo. NR 5 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU CONTEXTO PI SALVADOR PA RUA ALFREDO MAGALHAES, 04-BARRA, SALVADOR, BAHIA 40140-140, BRAZIL SN 1413-8670 J9 BRAZ J INFECT DIS JI Braz. J. Infect. Dis. PD NOV-DEC PY 2011 VL 15 IS 6 BP 591 EP 593 PG 3 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 865IJ UT WOS:000298304300014 PM 22218520 ER PT J AU Strauss, RP van Aalst, JA Fox, L Stein, M Moses, M Cassell, CH AF Strauss, Ronald P. van Aalst, John A. Fox, Lynn Stein, Margot Moses, Michael Cassell, Cynthia H. TI Flood, Disaster, and Turmoil: Social Issues in Cleft and Craniofacial Care and Crisis Relief SO CLEFT PALATE-CRANIOFACIAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE cleft lip; cleft palate; craniofacial; crisis relief; disaster relief; teams AB Objective: To examine social issues in the conduct of cleft and craniofacial care through relief programs in disrupted crisis contexts. Method: Social, health policy, and ethical analyses. Results: At best, craniofacial team care is multidisciplinary, coordinated, and sustained, requiring a long-term relationship between team members, patients, and families. Disasters and societal turmoil interrupt such relationships, causing craniofacial care to become a secondary concern. Providing craniofacial team care in a crisis setting requires rebuilding disrupted coordination and communication. Crisis relief care involves a complex set of expectations and responsibilities and raises issues such as (1) quality assurance, infection control, appropriate standards of care, and follow-up care/continuity; (2) equity of access to services and clinical ethics in the context of war and/or deprivation; (3) training of visitors in the local nation or site; (4) disciplinary composition of teams, interprofessional communication/rivalry, and credentials of clinicians; (5) ownership of the site and local visitor relations; (6) fundraising and marketing strategies; and (7) ethical issues in the doctor-patient relationship. Conclusions: Specific ethical standards for international cleft and craniofacial care delivery also apply to domestic and global crisis relief contexts. Guidance on issues related to professional experience, informed consent, and continuity of care will help care providers address social and ethical issues raised in crisis relief programs. This paper proposes that the Position Paper of the American Cleft Palate-Craniofacial Association (ACPA) on International Treatment Programs should be used as a template to develop and disseminate a set of standards that apply to crisis relief. C1 [Strauss, Ronald P.] Univ N Carolina, Craniofacial Ctr, UNC Sch Dent, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Stein, Margot] Univ N Carolina, UNC Sch Med, UNC Craniofacial Ctr, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Fox, Lynn; Stein, Margot; Cassell, Cynthia H.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Dent Ecol, UNC Sch Dent, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Moses, Michael] Louisiana State Univ, New Orleans, LA USA. [Moses, Michael] Tulane Univ, Sch Med, Childrens Hosp, New Orleans, LA 70112 USA. [Cassell, Cynthia H.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, UNC Charlotte, Atlanta, GA USA. [Cassell, Cynthia H.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidemiol Team, Div Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Birth Defects Branch,Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Strauss, RP (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Craniofacial Ctr, UNC Sch Dent, CB 3000, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. EM ron_strauss@unc.edu NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU ALLIANCE COMMUNICATIONS GROUP DIVISION ALLEN PRESS PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 1545-1569 J9 CLEFT PALATE-CRAN J JI Cleft Palate-Craniofac. J. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 48 IS 6 BP 750 EP 756 DI 10.1597/09-255 PG 7 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine; Surgery SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine; Surgery GA 890QI UT WOS:000300159200014 PM 21303265 ER PT J AU Sales, JM Painter, JE Pazol, K Gargano, LM Orenstein, WA Hughes, JM DiClemente, RJ AF Sales, Jessica M. Painter, Julia E. Pazol, Karen Gargano, Lisa M. Orenstein, Walter A. Hughes, James M. DiClemente, Ralph J. TI Rural parents' vaccination-related attitudes and intention to vaccinate middle and high school children against influenza following educational influenza vaccination intervention SO HUMAN VACCINES LA English DT Article DE adolescents; seasonal influenza; vaccination; school-based; attitudes ID IMMUNIZATION PRACTICES ACIP; UNITED-STATES; ADVISORY-COMMITTEE; SEATTLE FAMILIES; VIRUS INFECTIONS; HEALTH-CARE; ADOLESCENTS; AGE; RECOMMENDATIONS; PREVENTION AB Objective: This study examined changes in parental influenza vaccination attitudes and intentions after participating in school-based educational influenza vaccination intervention. Results: Parents who participated in the intervention conditions reported significantly higher influenza vaccination rates in their adolescents, relative to a control group, as well as increased vaccination rates post-intervention participation relative to their baseline rates. Intervention participants reported greater intention to have their adolescent vaccinated in the coming year compared with control parents. Significant differences were observed post intervention in perceived barriers and benefits of vaccination. Methods: Participants were drawn from three counties participating in a school-based influenza vaccination intervention in rural Georgia (baseline n = 324; follow-up n = 327). Data were collected pre-and post-intervention from phone surveys with parents' with children attending middle-and high-school. Attitudes, beliefs, vaccination history and intention to vaccinate were assessed. Conclusions: These findings suggest that a school-delivered educational influenza vaccination intervention targeting parents and teens may influence influenza vaccination in rural communities. Future influenza vaccination efforts geared toward the parents of rural middle-and high-school students may benefit from addressing barriers and benefits of influenza vaccination. C1 [Sales, Jessica M.; Painter, Julia E.; DiClemente, Ralph J.] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Pazol, Karen] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Gargano, Lisa M.; Orenstein, Walter A.; Hughes, James M.] Sch Med, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Sales, JM (reprint author), Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. EM jmcderm@emory.edu FU CDC [5 R18 IP000166]; National Institute of Mental Health [K01 MH085506]; NIH [5T32AI074492-02] FX This research was supported by CDC 5 R18 IP000166. Jessica M. Sales was also supported by grant, number K01 MH085506, from the National Institute of Mental Health. Julia E. Painter was also supported by NIH 5T32AI074492-02. We thank the superintendents, principals, teachers, staff, parents and students at our participating counties for their participation and support. We are also grateful to Dr. Ketty M. Gonzalez, District Health Director at the East Central Health District, for her support of the study. NR 39 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 7 PU LANDES BIOSCIENCE PI AUSTIN PA 1806 RIO GRANDE ST, AUSTIN, TX 78702 USA SN 1554-8600 J9 HUM VACCINES JI Hum. Vaccines PD NOV PY 2011 VL 7 IS 11 BP 1146 EP 1152 DI 10.4161/hv.7.11.17891 PG 7 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Immunology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Immunology GA 885MT UT WOS:000299783800014 PM 22048112 ER PT J AU Mathers, AJ Cox, HL Kitchel, B Bonatti, H Brassinga, AKC Carroll, J Scheld, WM Hazen, KC Sifri, CD AF Mathers, Amy J. Cox, Heather L. Kitchel, Brandon Bonatti, Hugo Brassinga, Ann Karen C. Carroll, Joanne Scheld, W. Michael Hazen, Kevin C. Sifri, Costi D. TI Molecular Dissection of an Outbreak of Carbapenem-Resistant Enterobacteriaceae Reveals Intergenus KPC Carbapenemase Transmission through a Promiscuous Plasmid SO MBIO LA English DT Article ID LACTAMASE-PRODUCING ENTEROBACTERIACEAE; HYDROLYZING BETA-LACTAMASE; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; KLEBSIELLA-PNEUMONIAE; EPIDEMIOLOGY; STRAINS; EMERGENCE; INFECTION; SPREAD; GENES AB Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) have emerged as major causes of health care-associated infections worldwide. This diverse collection of organisms with various resistance mechanisms is associated with increased lengths of hospitalization, costs of care, morbidity, and mortality. The global spread of CRE has largely been attributed to dissemination of a dominant strain of Klebsiella pneumoniae producing a serine beta-lactamase, termed K. pneumoniae carbapenemase (KPC). Here we report an outbreak of KPC-producing CRE infections in which the degree of horizontal transmission between strains and species of a promiscuous plasmid is unprecedented. Sixteen isolates, comprising 11 unique strains, 6 species, and 4 genera of bacteria, were obtained from 14 patients over the first 8 months of the outbreak. Of the 11 unique strains, 9 harbored the same highly promiscuous plasmid carrying the KPC gene bla(KPC). The remaining strains harbored distinct bla(KPC) plasmids, one of which was carried in a strain of Klebsiella oxytoca coisolated from the index patient and the other generated from transposition of the bla(KPC) element Tn4401. All isolates could be genetically traced to the index patient. Molecular epidemiological investigation of the outbreak was aided by the adaptation of nested arbitrary PCR (ARB-PCR) for rapid plasmid identification. This detailed molecular genetic analysis, combined with traditional epidemiological investigation, provides insights into the highly fluid dynamics of drug resistance transmission during the outbreak. IMPORTANCE The ease of horizontal transmission of carbapenemase resistance plasmids across strains, species, and genera of bacteria observed in this study has several important public health and epidemiological implications. First, it has the potential to promote dissemination of carbapenem resistance to new populations of Enterobacteriaceae, including organisms of low virulence, leading to the establishment of reservoirs of carbapenem resistance genes in patients and/or the environment and of high virulence, raising the specter of untreatable community-associated infections. Second, recognition of plasmid-mediated outbreaks, such as those described here, is problematic because analysis of resistance plasmids from clinical isolates is laborious and technically challenging. Adaptation of nested arbitrary PCR (ARB-PCR) to investigate the plasmid outbreak facilitated our investigation, and the method may be broadly applicable to other outbreaks due to other conserved mobile genetic elements. Whether infection control measures that focus on preventing transmission of drug-resistant clones are effective in controlling dissemination of these elements is unknown. C1 [Mathers, Amy J.; Cox, Heather L.; Brassinga, Ann Karen C.; Scheld, W. Michael; Sifri, Costi D.] Univ Virginia Hlth Syst, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis & Int Hlth, Charlottesville, VA 22908 USA. [Kitchel, Brandon] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. [Bonatti, Hugo] Univ Virginia Hlth Syst, Dept Surg, Charlottesville, VA USA. [Carroll, Joanne; Hazen, Kevin C.] Univ Virginia Hlth Syst, Dept Pathol, Charlottesville, VA USA. RP Sifri, CD (reprint author), Univ Virginia Hlth Syst, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis & Int Hlth, Charlottesville, VA 22908 USA. EM csifri@virginia.edu FU Howard Hughes Medical Institute; UVA (NIH) [T32AI055432]; Wyeth FX This work was supported by a Howard Hughes Medical Institute Early Career Award to C.D.S. and the UVA Biodefense Research Training and Career Development Program (NIH grant T32AI055432).; W.M.S. and C.D.S. have received research funding from Wyeth. All other authors declare that they have no conflicts of interests. NR 31 TC 48 Z9 49 U1 1 U2 14 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 2150-7511 J9 MBIO JI mBio PD NOV-DEC PY 2011 VL 2 IS 6 AR e00204-11 DI 10.1128/mBio.00204-11 PG 7 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 888GV UT WOS:000299992700005 PM 22045989 ER PT J AU Peng, XX Gralinski, L Ferris, MT Frieman, MB Thomas, MJ Proll, S Korth, MJ Tisoncik, JR Heise, M Luo, SJ Schroth, GP Tumpey, TM Li, CJ Kawaoka, Y Baric, RS Katze, MG AF Peng, Xinxia Gralinski, Lisa Ferris, Martin T. Frieman, Matthew B. Thomas, Matthew J. Proll, Sean Korth, Marcus J. Tisoncik, Jennifer R. Heise, Mark Luo, Shujun Schroth, Gary P. Tumpey, Terrence M. Li, Chengjun Kawaoka, Yoshihiro Baric, Ralph S. Katze, Michael G. TI Integrative Deep Sequencing of the Mouse Lung Transcriptome Reveals Differential Expression of Diverse Classes of Small RNAs in Response to Respiratory Virus Infection SO MBIO LA English DT Article ID NONCODING RNAS; NS1 PROTEIN; HOST GENES; U6 SNRNA; MICRORNA; REPLICATION; TARGET; IDENTIFICATION; BIOGENESIS; INHIBITION AB We previously reported widespread differential expression of long non-protein-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) in response to virus infection. Here, we expanded the study through small RNA transcriptome sequencing analysis of the host response to both severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and influenza virus infections across four founder mouse strains of the Collaborative Cross, a recombinant inbred mouse resource for mapping complex traits. We observed differential expression of over 200 small RNAs of diverse classes during infection. A majority of identified microRNAs (miRNAs) showed divergent changes in expression across mouse strains with respect to SARS-CoV and influenza virus infections and responded differently to a highly pathogenic reconstructed 1918 virus compared to a minimally pathogenic seasonal influenza virus isolate. Novel insights into miRNA expression changes, including the association with pathogenic outcomes and large differences between in vivo and in vitro experimental systems, were further elucidated by a survey of selected miRNAs across diverse virus infections. The small RNAs identified also included many non-miRNA small RNAs, such as small nucleolar RNAs (snoRNAs), in addition to nonannotated small RNAs. An integrative sequencing analysis of both small RNAs and long transcripts from the same samples showed that the results revealing differential expression of miRNAs during infection were largely due to transcriptional regulation and that the predicted miRNA-mRNA network could modulate global host responses to virus infection in a combinatorial fashion. These findings represent the first integrated sequencing analysis of the response of host small RNAs to virus infection and show that small RNAs are an integrated component of complex networks involved in regulating the host response to infection. IMPORTANCE Most studies examining the host transcriptional response to infection focus only on protein-coding genes. However, mammalian genomes transcribe many short and long non-protein-coding RNAs (ncRNAs). With the advent of deep-sequencing technologies, systematic transcriptome analysis of the host response, including analysis of ncRNAs of different sizes, is now possible. Using this approach, we recently discovered widespread differential expression of host long (> 200 nucleotide [nt]) ncRNAs in response to virus infection. Here, the samples described in the previous report were again used, but we sequenced another fraction of the transcriptome to study very short (about 20 to 30 nt) ncRNAs. We demonstrated that virus infection also altered expression of many short ncRNAs of diverse classes. Putting the results of the two studies together, we show that small RNAs may also play an important role in regulating the host response to virus infection. C1 [Peng, Xinxia; Thomas, Matthew J.; Proll, Sean; Korth, Marcus J.; Tisoncik, Jennifer R.; Katze, Michael G.] Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Microbiol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Gralinski, Lisa; Baric, Ralph S.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Epidemiol, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Ferris, Martin T.; Heise, Mark] Univ N Carolina, Dept Genet, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Frieman, Matthew B.] Univ Maryland, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [Luo, Shujun; Schroth, Gary P.] Illumina Inc, Hayward, CA USA. [Tumpey, Terrence M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Li, Chengjun] Univ Wisconsin, Sch Vet Med, Dept Pathobiol Sci, Influenza Res Inst, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Kawaoka, Yoshihiro] Univ Tokyo, Inst Med Sci, Int Res Ctr Infect Dis, Div Virol,Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Tokyo, Japan. [Kawaoka, Yoshihiro] Univ Tokyo, Inst Med Sci, Int Res Ctr Infect Dis, Dept Special Pathogens, Tokyo, Japan. [Kawaoka, Yoshihiro] ERATO Infect Induced Host Responses Project, Saitama, Japan. [Baric, Ralph S.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Chapel Hill, NC USA. RP Katze, MG (reprint author), Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Microbiol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. EM honey@u.washington.edu FU National Institutes of Health [U54 AI081680 (PNWRCE)]; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services [HHSN272200800060C] FX This work was supported by the National Institutes of Health grant U54 AI081680 (PNWRCE) and by funds from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, contract no. HHSN272200800060C. NR 50 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 9 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 2150-7511 J9 MBIO JI mBio PD NOV-DEC PY 2011 VL 2 IS 6 AR e00198-11 DI 10.1128/mBio.00198-11 PG 11 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 888GV UT WOS:000299992700003 ER PT J AU Ellingson, K Polgreen, PM Schneider, A Shinkunas, L Kaldjian, LC Wright, D Thomas, GW Segre, AM Herman, T McDonald, LC Sinkowitz-Cochran, R AF Ellingson, Katherine Polgreen, Philip M. Schneider, Amy Shinkunas, Laura Kaldjian, Lauris C. Wright, Donald Thomas, Geb W. Segre, Alberto M. Herman, Ted McDonald, L. Clifford Sinkowitz-Cochran, Ronda TI Healthcare Personnel Perceptions of Hand Hygiene Monitoring Technology SO INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PERFORMANCE; GUIDELINE; ADHERENCE; BELIEFS; PROGRAM; RATES AB OBJECTIVE. To assess healthcare personnel (HCP) perceptions regarding implementation of sensor-based electronic systems for automated hand hygiene adherence monitoring. DESIGN. Using a mixed-methods approach, structured focus groups were designed to elicit quantitative and qualitative responses on familiarity, comfort level, and perceived impact of sensor-based hand hygiene adherence monitoring SETTING. A university hospital, a Veterans Affairs hospital, and a community hospital in the Midwest. PARTICIPANTS. Focus groups were homogenous by HCP type, with separate groups held for leadership, midlevel management, and frontline personnel at each hospital. RESULTS. Overall, 89 HCP participated in 10 focus groups. Levels of familiarity and comfort with electronic oversight technology varied by HCP type; when compared with frontline HCP, those in leadership positions were significantly more familiar with (P <.01) and more comfortable with (P <.01) the technology. The most common concerns cited by participants across groups included lack of accuracy in the data produced, such as the inability of the technology to assess the situational context of hand hygiene opportunities, and the potential punitive use of data produced. Across groups, HCP had decreased tolerance for electronic collection of spatial-temporal data, describing such oversight as Big Brother. CONCLUSIONS. While substantial concerns were expressed by all types of HCP, participants' recommendations for effective implementation of electronic oversight technologies for hand hygiene monitoring included addressing accuracy issues before implementation and transparent communication with frontline HCP about the intended use of the data. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2011; 32(11): 1091-1096 C1 [Ellingson, Katherine; Schneider, Amy; McDonald, L. Clifford; Sinkowitz-Cochran, Ronda] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Polgreen, Philip M.; Thomas, Geb W.; Segre, Alberto M.; Herman, Ted] Univ Iowa, Computat Epidemiol Grp, Iowa City, IA USA. [Polgreen, Philip M.; Shinkunas, Laura; Kaldjian, Lauris C.] Univ Iowa, Carver Coll Med, Iowa City, IA USA. [Wright, Donald] Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Washington, DC USA. [Thomas, Geb W.] Univ Iowa, Dept Mech & Ind Engn, Iowa City, IA USA. [Segre, Alberto M.; Herman, Ted] Univ Iowa, Dept Comp Sci, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. RP Ellingson, K (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS A-31, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM kellingson@cdc.gov RI Segre, Alberto/B-1734-2009 FU Department of Health and Human Services; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX Financial support. This study was funded by the Department of Health and Human Services and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 21 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 6 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0899-823X J9 INFECT CONT HOSP EP JI Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 32 IS 11 BP 1091 EP 1096 DI 10.1086/662179 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 876CB UT WOS:000299083500006 PM 22011536 ER PT J AU Horan, TC Arnold, KE Rebmann, CA Fridkin, SK AF Horan, Teresa C. Arnold, Kathryn E. Rebmann, Catherine A. Fridkin, Scott K. TI Network Approach for Prevention of Healthcare-Associated Infections SO INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Letter ID BLOOD-STREAM INFECTIONS C1 [Horan, Teresa C.; Arnold, Kathryn E.; Rebmann, Catherine A.; Fridkin, Scott K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Horan, TC (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Mailstop A-24,1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM thoran@cdc.gov NR 13 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0899-823X J9 INFECT CONT HOSP EP JI Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 32 IS 11 BP 1143 EP 1144 DI 10.1086/662588 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 876CB UT WOS:000299083500018 PM 22011548 ER PT J AU Kallen, AJ Patel, PR Hess, S AF Kallen, Alexander J. Patel, Priti R. Hess, Sally TI Intolerance of Chlorhexidine as a Skin Antiseptic in Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis SO INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Letter ID INFECTIONS; PREVENTION; CARE C1 [Kallen, Alexander J.; Patel, Priti R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Hess, Sally] Fletcher Allen Healthcare, Burlington, VT USA. RP Kallen, AJ (reprint author), 1600 Clifton Rd,MS-A35, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM akallen@cdc.gov NR 8 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0899-823X J9 INFECT CONT HOSP EP JI Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 32 IS 11 BP 1144 EP 1146 DI 10.1086/662591 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 876CB UT WOS:000299083500019 PM 22011549 ER PT J AU Wingate, MS Barfield, WD AF Wingate, Martha S. Barfield, Wanda D. TI Racial and Ethnic Variations in Temporal Changes in Fetal Deaths and First Day Infant Deaths SO MATERNAL AND CHILD HEALTH JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE First day death; Fetal death; Gestational age; Perinatal mortality; Racial disparities ID LAST MENSTRUAL PERIOD; GESTATIONAL-AGE; UNITED-STATES; PERINATAL-MORTALITY; VITAL-STATISTICS; BIRTH-WEIGHT; NEONATAL-MORTALITY; CLINICAL ESTIMATE; INTENSIVE-CARE; TRENDS AB The purpose was to examine changes in overall and gestational age-specific proportions and rates of fetal death, first day death (<24 h), and combined fetal-first day death from 1990-1991 to 2001-2002. Changes were considered by race/ethnicity. Deliveries to U. S. white, black, and Hispanic mothers were selected from the NCHS linked live birth-infant death cohort and fetal deaths files (1990-1991 and 2001-2002). There was an overall improvement in mortality, but improvements were not uniform across all racial/ethnic groups or by gestational age. The fetal mortality rate among whites and Hispanics declined 4.32 and 12.82 percent, respectively. For blacks, the fetal mortality rate increased 4.06 percent between 1990-1991 and 2001-2002. Despite overall reductions in perinatal and <24 h mortality, black rates in all outcomes maintained a twofold disparity. The overall black: white fetal mortality rate ratio increased from 2.17 to 2.36 over time. The gestational age-specific black: white combined fetal-first day mortality rate ratios were greater than 1 at later gestational ages. In some cases, the ratio increased over time, indicating that despite reductions, fetal mortality did not decline uniformly among whites and blacks at term and post-term. Despite overall improvements in fetal, first day, and combined fetal-first day mortality, racial disparities persisted and in some cases widened. This study identifies lack of improvements in fetal death in the black population compared to the white or Hispanic population at later gestational ages. C1 [Wingate, Martha S.] Univ Alabama, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Care Org & Policy, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. [Barfield, Wanda D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Wingate, MS (reprint author), Univ Alabama, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Care Org & Policy, RPHB 330,1530 3rd Ave S, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. EM mslay@uab.edu; wjb5@cdc.gov FU PHS HHS [IPA 899290, MC00008] NR 44 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1092-7875 J9 MATERN CHILD HLTH J JI Matern. Child Health J. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 15 IS 8 BP 1135 EP 1142 DI 10.1007/s10995-010-0665-9 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 875AK UT WOS:000299001000002 PM 20740309 ER PT J AU Phillips, G Brett, K Mendola, P AF Phillips, Ghasi Brett, Kate Mendola, Pauline TI Previous Breastfeeding Practices and Duration of Exclusive Breastfeeding in the United States SO MATERNAL AND CHILD HEALTH JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Birth order; Exclusive breastfeeding; Infant feeding; Maternal behavior ID HUMAN-MILK; RECOMMENDATIONS; INITIATION; PATTERNS; INFANTS; HEALTH; CHILD AB We examined the influence of duration of exclusive breastfeeding (DEBF) for a mother's earlier children on the DEBF for her later children among multiparous women from the 2002 National Survey of Family Growth. DEBF was categorized as: never breastfed (NBF) (referent); not exclusively breastfed or exclusively breastfed for <4 months (EBF < 4); and exclusively breastfed for >= 4 months (EBF >= 4). We examined DEBF using weighted percentages and odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) from multinomial logistic regression models, adjusting for maternal factors. About 70% of multiparous women (n = 2,149) repeated the duration of exclusive breastfeeding of their first child for their second child; 14% of women repeated EBF >= 4. Among multiparous women, the adjusted odds ratio for EBF >= 4 for second children was 7.2 (95% CI = 4.0-12.9) when first children were EBF < 4 and 90.7 (95% CI = 45.4-181.4) when first children were EBF < 4, relative to NBF first children. In analyses where DEBF of third children was the outcome, odds of EBF >= 4 were more strongly influenced by DEBF of second children while the impact of DEBF of first children was not as strong. Older maternal age and being married were related to an increased DEBF. Being married at second birth predicted a change from NBF for first children to EBF >= 4 for second children (OR = 6.2, 95% CI = 2.7-14.2). In conclusion, mothers generally repeated the DEBF of their previous child. For third children, DEBF of the second child was more likely to be repeated than that of the first child. C1 [Phillips, Ghasi] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Off Workforce & Career Dev, Atlanta, GA USA. [Phillips, Ghasi; Brett, Kate; Mendola, Pauline] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Infant Child & Womens Hlth Stat Branch, Off Anal & Epidemiol, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD USA. RP Phillips, G (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Off Workforce & Career Dev, Atlanta, GA USA. EM ghasi_phillips@doh.state.fl.us OI Mendola, Pauline/0000-0001-5330-2844 NR 22 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1092-7875 J9 MATERN CHILD HLTH J JI Matern. Child Health J. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 15 IS 8 BP 1210 EP 1216 DI 10.1007/s10995-010-0694-4 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 875AK UT WOS:000299001000011 PM 20938803 ER PT J AU Curran, K Njeuhmeli, E Mirelman, A Dickson, K Adamu, T Cherutich, P Mahler, H Fimbo, B Mavuso, TK Albertini, J Fitzgerald, L Bock, N Reed, J Castor, D Stanton, D AF Curran, Kelly Njeuhmeli, Emmanuel Mirelman, Andrew Dickson, Kim Adamu, Tigistu Cherutich, Peter Mahler, Hally Fimbo, Bennett Mavuso, Thembisile Khumalo Albertini, Jennifer Fitzgerald, Laura Bock, Naomi Reed, Jason Castor, Delivette Stanton, David TI Voluntary Medical Male Circumcision: Strategies for Meeting the Human Resource Needs of Scale-Up in Southern and Eastern Africa SO PLOS MEDICINE LA English DT Review ID SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA; HIV PREVENTION; CRISIS; HEALTH; TRIAL; MEN AB Voluntary medical male circumcision (VMMC) reduces female-to-male HIV transmission by approximately 60%; modeling suggests that scaling up VMMC to 80% of men 15- to 49-years-old within five years would avert over 3.3 million new HIV infections in 14 high priority countries/regions in southern and eastern Africa by 2025 and would require 20.33 million circumcisions. However, the shortage of health professionals in these countries must be addressed to reach these proposed coverage levels. To identify human resource approaches that are being used to improve VMMC volume and efficiency, we looked at previous literature and conducted a program review. We identified surgical efficiencies, non-surgical efficiencies, task shifting, task sharing, temporary redeployment of public sector staff during VMMC campaign periods, expansion of the health workforce through recruitment of unemployed, recently retired, newly graduating, or on-leave health care workers, and the use of volunteer medical staff from other countries as approaches that address human resource constraints. Case studies from Kenya, Tanzania, and Swaziland illustrate several innovative responses to human resource challenges. Although the shortage of skilled personnel remains a major challenge to the rapid scale-up of VMMC in the 14 African priority countries/regions, health programs throughout the region may be able to replicate or adapt these approaches to scale up VMMC for public health impact. C1 [Curran, Kelly; Adamu, Tigistu] Jhpiego, Baltimore, MD USA. [Curran, Kelly; Mirelman, Andrew] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Int Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. [Njeuhmeli, Emmanuel; Albertini, Jennifer; Castor, Delivette; Stanton, David] US Agcy Int Dev, Washington, DC 20523 USA. [Dickson, Kim] WHO, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. [Cherutich, Peter] Minist Hlth, Natl AIDS & STI Control Programme, Nairobi, Kenya. [Mahler, Hally] Jhpiego Tanzania, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania. [Fimbo, Bennett] Minist Hlth, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania. [Mavuso, Thembisile Khumalo] Minist Hlth, Mbabane, Swaziland. [Fitzgerald, Laura] Jhpiego Swaziland, Mbabane, Swaziland. [Bock, Naomi; Reed, Jason] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Curran, K (reprint author), Jhpiego, Baltimore, MD USA. EM kcurran@jhpiego.net FU USAID [GHS-A-00-08-00002-000]; Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation; US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX The Tanzania and Swaziland programs described in this paper and the program review itself were funded by the President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) through USAID and implemented by the Maternal and Child Health Integrated Program (MCHIP, award # GHS-A-00-08-00002-000) managed by Jhpiego-an affiliate of Johns Hopkins University. The Kenya program is primarily funded by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation and PEPFAR through USAID and the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention via various implementing partners. Tanzania's Ministry of Health and Social Welfare Male Circumcision Technical Working Group, the National AIDS Control Program, the Iringa Regional Health Authority, and the health authorities of Iringa Municipal, Iringa District, and Mufindi District played important roles in guiding this work. NR 33 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 8 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1549-1277 J9 PLOS MED JI PLos Med. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 8 IS 11 AR e1001129 DI 10.1371/journal.pmed.1001129 PG 8 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 862ZR UT WOS:000298133100015 PM 22140364 ER PT J AU Mwandi, Z Murphy, A Reed, J Chesang, K Njeuhmeli, E Agot, K Llewellyn, E Kirui, C Serrem, K Abuya, I Loolpapit, M Mbayaki, R Kiriro, N Cherutich, P Muraguri, N Motoku, J Kioko, J Knight, N Bock, N AF Mwandi, Zebedee Murphy, Anne Reed, Jason Chesang, Kipruto Njeuhmeli, Emmanuel Agot, Kawango Llewellyn, Emma Kirui, Charles Serrem, Kennedy Abuya, Isaac Loolpapit, Mores Mbayaki, Regina Kiriro, Ndungu Cherutich, Peter Muraguri, Nicholas Motoku, John Kioko, Jack Knight, Nancy Bock, Naomi TI Voluntary Medical Male Circumcision: Translating Research into the Rapid Expansion of Services in Kenya, 2008-2011 SO PLOS MEDICINE LA English DT Review ID HIV PREVENTION; TRIAL; MEN AB Since the World Health Organization and the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS recommended implementation of medical male circumcision (MC) as part of HIV prevention in areas with low MC and high HIV prevalence rates in 2007, the government of Kenya has developed a strategy to circumcise 80% of uncircumcised men within five years. To facilitate the quick translation of research to practice, a national MC task force was formed in 2007, a medical MC policy was implemented in early 2008, and Nyanza Province, the region with the highest HIV burden and low rates of circumcision, was prioritized for services under the direction of a provincial voluntary medical male circumcision (VMMC) task force. The government's early and continuous engagement with community leaders/elders, politicians, youth, and women's groups has led to the rapid endorsement and acceptance of VMMC. In addition, several innovative approaches have helped to optimize VMMC scale-up. Since October 2008, the Kenyan VMMC program has circumcised approximately 290,000 men, mainly in Nyanza Province, an accomplishment made possible through a combination of governmental leadership, a documented implementation strategy, and the adoption of appropriate and innovative approaches. Kenya's success provides a model for others planning VMMC scale-up programs. C1 [Mwandi, Zebedee; Chesang, Kipruto; Knight, Nancy] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global HIV AIDS, Nairobi, Kenya. [Murphy, Anne] US Agcy Int Dev, Nairobi, Kenya. [Reed, Jason; Bock, Naomi] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global HIV AIDS, Atlanta, GA USA. [Njeuhmeli, Emmanuel] US Agcy Int Dev, Washington, DC 20523 USA. [Agot, Kawango] Impact Res & Dev Org, Kisumu, Kenya. [Llewellyn, Emma] Nyanza Reprod Hlth Soc, Kisumu, Kenya. [Kirui, Charles] Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Family AIDS Serv, Nairobi, Kenya. [Serrem, Kennedy] Catholic Med Missions Board, Nairobi, Kenya. [Abuya, Isaac] C Change Commun Change, Nairobi, Kenya. [Loolpapit, Mores] Family Hlth Int, Nairobi, Kenya. [Mbayaki, Regina] Engender Hlth APHIA II Nyanza, Kisumu, Kenya. [Kiriro, Ndungu] Populat Serv Int, Nairobi, Kenya. [Cherutich, Peter; Muraguri, Nicholas] Kenya Natl AIDS & STD Control Programme, Nairobi, Kenya. [Motoku, John] Eastern Deanery AIDS Response Program, Nairobi, Kenya. [Kioko, Jack] Minist Publ Hlth & Sanitat, Kisumu, Kenya. [Kirui, Charles] Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Care Educ Serv, Nairobi, Kenya. RP Mwandi, Z (reprint author), US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global HIV AIDS, Nairobi, Kenya. EM zmwandi@ke.cdc.gov FU US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; USAID FX This work was funded by the President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) through US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and USAID, and implemented by various PEPFAR partners in Kenya. Kenya Ministry of Public Health and Sanitation, NASCOP and the health authorities of Nyanza province and all District played important roles in guiding this work. The findings and conclusions in this paper are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily represent the official position of the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 19 TC 30 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 7 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1549-1277 J9 PLOS MED JI PLos Med. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 8 IS 11 AR e1001130 DI 10.1371/journal.pmed.1001130 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 862ZR UT WOS:000298133100016 PM 22140365 ER PT J AU Njeuhmeli, E Forsythe, S Reed, J Opuni, M Bollinger, L Heard, N Castor, D Stover, J Farley, T Menon, V Hankins, C AF Njeuhmeli, Emmanuel Forsythe, Steven Reed, Jason Opuni, Marjorie Bollinger, Lori Heard, Nathan Castor, Delivette Stover, John Farley, Timothy Menon, Veena Hankins, Catherine TI Voluntary Medical Male Circumcision: Modeling the Impact and Cost of Expanding Male Circumcision for HIV Prevention in Eastern and Southern Africa SO PLOS MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; RISK HUMAN-PAPILLOMAVIRUS; SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA; ADULT MALE CIRCUMCISION; FEMALE PARTNERS; NEGATIVE MEN; INFECTED MEN; YOUNG MEN; UGANDA; RAKAI AB Background: There is strong evidence showing that voluntary medical male circumcision (VMMC) reduces HIV incidence in men. To inform the VMMC policies and goals of 13 priority countries in eastern and southern Africa, we estimate the impact and cost of scaling up adult VMMC using updated, country-specific data. Methods and Findings: We use the Decision Makers' Program Planning Tool (DMPPT) to model the impact and cost of scaling up adult VMMC in Botswana, Lesotho, Malawi, Mozambique, Namibia, Rwanda, South Africa, Swaziland, Tanzania, Uganda, Zambia, Zimbabwe, and Nyanza Province in Kenya. We use epidemiologic and demographic data from recent household surveys for each country. The cost of VMMC ranges from US$65.85 to US$95.15 per VMMC performed, based on a cost assessment of VMMC services aligned with the World Health Organization's considerations of models for optimizing volume and efficiencies. Results from the DMPPT models suggest that scaling up adult VMMC to reach 80% coverage in the 13 countries by 2015 would entail performing 20.34 million circumcisions between 2011 and 2015 and an additional 8.42 million between 2016 and 2025 (to maintain the 80% coverage). Such a scale-up would result in averting 3.36 million new HIV infections through 2025. In addition, while the model shows that this scale-up would cost a total of US$2 billion between 2011 and 2025, it would result in net savings (due to averted treatment and care costs) amounting to US$16.51 billion. Conclusions: This study suggests that rapid scale-up of VMMC in eastern and southern Africa is warranted based on the likely impact on the region's HIV epidemics and net savings. Scaling up of safe VMMC in eastern and southern Africa will lead to a substantial reduction in HIV infections in the countries and lower health system costs through averted HIV care costs. C1 [Njeuhmeli, Emmanuel; Castor, Delivette] US Agcy Int Dev, Washington, DC 20523 USA. [Forsythe, Steven; Bollinger, Lori; Stover, John] Futures Inst, Glastonbury, CT USA. [Reed, Jason] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Opuni, Marjorie] UNAIDS, Geneva, Switzerland. [Heard, Nathan] US Dept State, Off US Global AIDS Coordinator, Washington, DC 20520 USA. [Farley, Timothy] WHO, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. [Menon, Veena] Futures Grp Inc, Washington, DC USA. [Hankins, Catherine] Joint United Nations Programme HIV AIDS, Geneva, Switzerland. RP Njeuhmeli, E (reprint author), US Agcy Int Dev, Washington, DC 20523 USA. EM enjeuhmeli@usaid.gov OI Hankins, Catherine/0000-0002-1642-8592 FU USAID Health Policy Initiative; UNAIDS (through the Technical Support Facility (TSF)) FX This work was funded by PEPFAR (through the USAID Health Policy Initiative) and UNAIDS (through the Technical Support Facility (TSF)). Technical staff from USAID (EN, DC), CDC (JR), WHO (TF), and UNAIDS (CH) had a role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, and preparation of the manuscript. NR 69 TC 132 Z9 133 U1 0 U2 17 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1549-1277 J9 PLOS MED JI PLos Med. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 8 IS 11 AR e1001132 DI 10.1371/journal.pmed.1001132 PG 15 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 862ZR UT WOS:000298133100018 PM 22140367 ER PT J AU Wolfe, K DeArmond, C How, H Henderson, ZT Sibai, B AF Wolfe, Katherine DeArmond, Christine How, Helen Henderson, Zsakeba T. Sibai, Baha TI The Rates of Abnormal Glucose Challenge Tests and Gestational Diabetes in Women Receiving 17 alpha-Hydroxyprogesterone Caproate SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PERINATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Gestational diabetes; glucose intolerance; progesterone ID RECURRENT PRETERM DELIVERY; PREVENTION; PROGESTERONE; BIRTH; CRITERIA AB We compared the rates of abnormal 1-hour glucose challenge tests (GCT) and gestational diabetes (GDM) between women receiving 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone caproate (17-P) and women who did not receive 17-P to determine if the effect varies based on the number of doses received or in a group of high-risk obese women. We performed a secondary analysis of a prospective cohort study where women with a history of a previous preterm delivery in the antecedent pregnancy followed at a high-risk clinic were offered 17-P. GCT was performed after the initiation of 17-P, and doses given prior to testing were recorded. Rates of abnormal GCT and GDM were compared between those receiving 17-P (n = 67) and controls (n = 140). Mean glucose values (112.4 versus 111.3, p = 0.8), rate of abnormal GCT (23.9% versus 20%, adjusted odds ratio 1.45, 95% confidence interval 0.7 to 3.0), and rate of GDM (6% versus 8.6%, adjusted odds ratio 1.21, 95% confidence interval 0.3 to 4.5) were similar between groups. In this prospective study, 17-P administration to women at risk of recurrent preterm delivery did not significantly affect glucose tolerance. C1 [Sibai, Baha] Univ Cincinnati, Div Maternal Fetal Med, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Coll Med, Cincinnati, OH 45267 USA. [Henderson, Zsakeba T.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Sibai, B (reprint author), Univ Cincinnati, Div Maternal Fetal Med, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Coll Med, Med Sci Bldg,Room 5464,231 Albert Sabin Way, Cincinnati, OH 45267 USA. EM baha.sibai@uc.edu FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX Supported by a contract with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The findings and conclusions in this presentation are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 14 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 9 PU THIEME MEDICAL PUBL INC PI NEW YORK PA 333 SEVENTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10001 USA SN 0735-1631 J9 AM J PERINAT JI Am. J. Perinatol. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 28 IS 10 BP 741 EP 745 DI 10.1055/s-0031-1280854 PG 5 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Pediatrics SC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Pediatrics GA 863XB UT WOS:000298200500001 PM 21660898 ER PT J AU Willis, GB Miller, K AF Willis, Gordon B. Miller, Kristen TI Cross-Cultural Cognitive Interviewing: Seeking Comparability and Enhancing Understanding SO FIELD METHODS LA English DT Article DE cognitive interviewing; cross-cultural research; qualitative research; questionnaire design; survey pretesting ID DIVERSE POPULATIONS AB Cognitive interviewing (CI) has emerged as a key qualitative method for the pretesting and evaluation of self-report survey questionnaires. This article defines CI, describes its key features, and outlines the data analysis techniques that are commonly used. The authors then consider recent extensions of cognitive testing to the cross-cultural survey research realm, where the major practical objectives are: (1) to facilitate inclusion of a range of cultural and linguistic groups and (2) for purposes of comparative analysis, to produce survey questionnaire items that exhibit comparability of measurement, across groups. Challenges presented by this extension to the cross-cultural and multilingual areas are discussed. Finally, the authors introduce the articles contained within the current special issue of Field Methods (2011), which endeavor to apply cognitive testing in specific cross-cultural survey projects, and to both identify and suggest solutions to the unique problems that face questionnaire designers and researchers more generally, in the practice of survey pretesting and evaluation methods as these endeavor to cover the sociocultural spectrum. C1 [Willis, Gordon B.] NCI, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Miller, Kristen] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. RP Willis, GB (reprint author), NCI, NIH, 6130 Execut Blvd,MSC 7344,EPN 4005, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM willisg@mail.nih.gov NR 28 TC 11 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 11 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 1525-822X J9 FIELD METHOD JI Field Methods PD NOV PY 2011 VL 23 IS 4 SI SI BP 331 EP 341 DI 10.1177/1525822X11416092 PG 11 WC Anthropology; Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary SC Anthropology; Social Sciences - Other Topics GA 868YC UT WOS:000298561400001 ER PT J AU Pelletreau, S Nyaku, M Dembele, M Sarr, B Budge, P Ross, R Mathieu, E AF Pelletreau, Sonia Nyaku, Mawuli Dembele, Massitan Sarr, Boubacar Budge, Philip Ross, Rachael Mathieu, Els TI The Field-Testing of a Novel Integrated Mapping Protocol for Neglected Tropical Diseases SO PLOS NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES LA English DT Article ID BANCROFTIAN FILARIASIS; SCHISTOSOMIASIS; FRAMEWORK; TRACHOMA AB Background: Vertical control and elimination programs focused on specific neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) can achieve notable success by reducing the prevalence and intensity of infection. However, many NTD-endemic countries have not been able to launch or scale-up programs because they lack the necessary baseline data for planning and advocacy. Each NTD program has its own mapping guidelines to collect missing data. Where geographic overlap among NTDs exists, an integrated mapping approach could result in significant resource savings. We developed and field-tested an innovative integrated NTD mapping protocol (Integrated Threshold Mapping (ITM) Methodology) for lymphatic filariasis (LF), trachoma, schistosomiasis and soil-transmitted helminths (STH). Methodology/Principal Findings: The protocol is designed to be resource-efficient, and its specific purpose is to determine whether a threshold to trigger public health interventions in an implementation unit has been attained. The protocol relies on World Health Organization (WHO) recommended indicators in the disease-specific age groups. For each disease, the sampling frame was the district, but for schistosomiasis, the sub-district rather than the ecological zone was used. We tested the protocol by comparing it to current WHO mapping methodologies for each of the targeted diseases in one district each in Mali and Senegal. Results were compared in terms of public health intervention, and feasibility, including cost. In this study, the ITM methodology reached the same conclusions as the WHO methodologies regarding the initiation of public health interventions for trachoma, LF and STH, but resulted in more targeted intervention recommendations for schistosomiasis. ITM was practical, feasible and demonstrated an overall cost saving compared with the standard, non-integrated, WHO methodologies. Conclusions/Significance: This integrated mapping tool could facilitate the implementation of much-needed programs in endemic countries. C1 [Pelletreau, Sonia; Nyaku, Mawuli; Budge, Philip; Ross, Rachael; Mathieu, Els] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Natl Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Nyaku, Mawuli] Univ Alabama, Sch Publ Hlth, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. [Dembele, Massitan] Minist Sante, Bamako, Mali. [Sarr, Boubacar] Minist Sante, Dakar, Senegal. [Budge, Philip] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. [Ross, Rachael] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Pelletreau, S (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Natl Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM emm7@cdc.gov FU Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation through the International Trachoma Initiative; CDC Foundation FX Funding was received from the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation through the International Trachoma Initiative and the CDC Foundation. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 22 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 4 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1935-2727 J9 PLOS NEGLECT TROP D JI Plos Neglect. Trop. Dis. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 5 IS 11 AR e1380 DI 10.1371/journal.pntd.0001380 PG 10 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA 863AA UT WOS:000298134000015 PM 22102921 ER PT J AU Emmadi, R Boonyaratanakomkit, JB Selvarangan, R Shyamala, V Zimmer, BL Williams, L Bryant, B Schutzbank, T Schoonmaker, MM Wilson, JAA Hall, L Pancholi, P Bernard, K AF Emmadi, Rajyasree Boonyaratanakomkit, Jerry B. Selvarangan, Rangaraj Shyamala, Venkatakrishna Zimmer, Barbara L. Williams, Laurina Bryant, Bonita Schutzbank, Ted Schoonmaker, Michele M. Wilson, Jean A. Amos Hall, Leslie Pancholi, Preeti Bernard, Kathryn TI Molecular Methods and Platforms for Infectious Diseases Testing A Review of FDA-Approved and Cleared Assays SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR DIAGNOSTICS LA English DT Review ID IN-SITU HYBRIDIZATION; COBAS AMPLIPREP/COBAS TAQMAN; RESISTANT STAPHYLOCOCCUS-AUREUS; REAL-TIME PCR; COAGULASE-NEGATIVE STAPHYLOCOCCI; VIRUS REVERSE-TRANSCRIPTASE; NUCLEIC-ACID AMPLIFICATION; PROTEASE SEQUENCE DATABASE; PLASMA LOAD DISCREPANCIES; HIV-1 MONITOR VERSION-1.5 AB The superior sensitivity and specificity associated with the use of molecular assays has greatly improved the field of infectious disease diagnostics by providing clinicians with results that are both accurate and rapidly obtained. Herein, we review molecularly based infectious disease diagnostic tests that are Food and Drug Administration approved or cleared and commercially available in the United States as of December 31, 2010. We describe specific assays and their performance, as stated in the Food and Drug Administration's Summary of Safety and Effectiveness Data or the Office of In Vitro Diagnostic Device Evaluation and Safety's decision summaries, product inserts, or peer-reviewed literature. We summarize indications for testing, limitations, and challenges related to implementation in a clinical laboratory setting for a wide variety of common pathogens. The information presented in this review will be particularly useful for laboratories that plan to implement or expand their molecular offerings in the near term. (J Mol Diagn 2011, 13.583-604; DOI: 10.1016/j.jmoldx.2011.05.011) C1 [Emmadi, Rajyasree] Univ Illinois, Dept Pathol, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. [Boonyaratanakomkit, Jerry B.] AcroMetrix, Life Technol, Benicia, CA USA. [Selvarangan, Rangaraj] Univ Missouri, Sch Med, Childrens Mercy Hosp, Kansas City, MO 64108 USA. [Shyamala, Venkatakrishna] Mol Diagnost & Blood Testings, N Potomac, MD USA. [Zimmer, Barbara L.] Siemens Healthcare Diagnost, W Sacramento, CA USA. [Williams, Laurina] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Bryant, Bonita] Access Genet LLC, Eden Prairie, MN USA. [Schutzbank, Ted] Covance Cent Lab Serv, Indianapolis, IN USA. [Schoonmaker, Michele M.] Cepheid, Sunnyvale, CA USA. [Wilson, Jean A. Amos] Berkeley Heartlab, Alameda, CA USA. [Hall, Leslie] Mayo Clin, Div Lab Med, Rochester, MN 55905 USA. [Pancholi, Preeti] Ohio State Univ, Dept Pathol, Med Ctr, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Bernard, Kathryn] Publ Hlth Agcy Canada, Natl Microbiol Lab, Winnipeg, MB, Canada. RP Emmadi, R (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Pathol, 840 S Wood St,M-C 847, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. EM emmadi@uic.edu FU Eragen; Nanogen; bioMerieux; Gen-Probe Inc.; Luminex, Idaho Technologies, BD; Autogenomics; Oiagen; Cepheid; Abbott; Primera FX RE., Cepheid stock ownership of <$5000 (July 30, 2010); J.B.B., employee of Life Technologies; B.S., received grants for research, speaker assignments, or scientific advisory board from Eragen, Nanogen, bioMerieux, Gen-Probe Inc., Luminex, Idaho Technologies, BD, and Autogenomics; vs., previous employee of Chiron Corporation (Novartis) and Digene Corporation (Ciagen); B.L.Z., employee of Siemens Healthcare Diagnostics; M.M.S., employee of Cepheid; and P.P., received grants from Oiagen, Cepheid, Abbott, and Primera. NR 92 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1525-1578 J9 J MOL DIAGN JI J. Mol. Diagn. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 13 IS 6 BP 583 EP 604 DI 10.1016/j.jmoldx.2011.05.011 PG 22 WC Pathology SC Pathology GA 856RZ UT WOS:000297662400002 PM 21871973 ER PT J AU Caserta, V Sorock, N DeStefano, F AF Caserta, Vito Sorock, Nasrin DeStefano, Frank TI Acquired hemophilia a following influenza vaccination SO AUTOIMMUNITY REVIEWS LA English DT Letter DE Acquired hemophilia A; Influenza vaccine C1 [Caserta, Vito; Sorock, Nasrin] US Hlth Resources & Serv Adm, DHHS, Rockville, MD 20857 USA. [DeStefano, Frank] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, DHHS, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Caserta, V (reprint author), US Hlth Resources & Serv Adm, DHHS, Rockville, MD 20857 USA. EM vcaserta@hrsa.gov NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1568-9972 J9 AUTOIMMUN REV JI Autoimmun. Rev. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 11 IS 1 BP 74 EP 74 DI 10.1016/j.autrev.2011.07.003 PG 1 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA 859SS UT WOS:000297896700012 PM 21803174 ER PT J AU Rocheleau, CM Romitti, PA Sanderson, WT Sun, LX Lawson, CC Waters, MA Stewart, PA Olney, RS Reefhuis, J AF Rocheleau, Carissa M. Romitti, Paul A. Sanderson, Wayne T. Sun, Lixian Lawson, Christina C. Waters, Martha A. Stewart, Patricia A. Olney, Richard S. Reefhuis, Jennita TI Maternal Occupational Pesticide Exposure and Risk of Hypospadias in the National Birth Defects Prevention Study SO BIRTH DEFECTS RESEARCH PART A-CLINICAL AND MOLECULAR TERATOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 23rd Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Pediatric-and-Perinatal-Epidemiologic-Research CY JUN 22-26, 2010 CL Seattle, WA SP Soc Pediat & Perinatal Epidemiol Res DE hypospadias; pesticides; agrochemicals; birth defects; urogenital malformation; endocrine disruption ID DIETHYLSTILBESTROL IN-UTERO; SEMEN QUALITY; ENVIRONMENTAL ANTIANDROGENS; SEXUAL-DIFFERENTIATION; FUNGICIDE VINCLOZOLIN; ENDOCRINE DISRUPTORS; MALE-RAT; CRYPTORCHIDISM; POPULATION; EPIDEMIOLOGY AB Hypospadias is a common congenital malformation among men in which the urethral opening is ventrally displaced. Pesticide exposure has been suggested as a possible etiologic factor, but previous epidemiologic studies have produced inconsistent results. METHODS: We used data from the National Birth Defects Prevention Study (NBDPS), a population-based case-control study, to examine maternal occupational exposure to fungicides, insecticides, and herbicides among 647 hypospadias case infants and 1496 unaffected male control infants with estimated delivery dates from October 1997 to December 2002. Periconceptional (1 month before conception through the first trimester of pregnancy) pesticide exposures were assigned by an expert rater, assisted by a job-exposure matrix (JEM), from a job history completed by mothers during a telephone interview. Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated with multivariable logistic regression, and adjusted for relevant covariates. RESULTS: Maternal periconceptional occupational exposure to any pesticides (yes/no) was not associated with an increased risk of hypospadias (OR 5 0.78; 95% CI 5 0.61-1.01). Maternal occupational periconceptional pesticide exposure type (insecticides, fungicides, and herbicides) and estimated quantity also showed no significantly increased risk of hypospadias and no evidence of a dose-response relationship; however, the estimated pesticide exposure levels in this population were low. CONCLUSION: Using broad classes of insecticides, herbicides, and fungicides, we found no evidence that low intensity maternal periconceptional occupational pesticide exposure was a risk factor for hypospadias. Birth Defects Research (Part A) 91: 927-936, 2011. (C) 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Rocheleau, Carissa M.; Lawson, Christina C.; Waters, Martha A.] NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Rocheleau, Carissa M.; Romitti, Paul A.; Sun, Lixian] Univ Iowa, Coll Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. [Sanderson, Wayne T.] Univ Iowa, Coll Publ Hlth, Dept Occupat & Environm Hlth, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. [Stewart, Patricia A.] Stewart Exposure Assessments LLC, Arlington, VA USA. [Olney, Richard S.; Reefhuis, Jennita] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30345 USA. RP Rocheleau, CM (reprint author), NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 4676 Columbia Pkwy,MS R-15, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM CRocheleau@cdc.gov FU NCBDD CDC HHS [U01 DD000492, U01/DD000492]; PHS HHS [U50/CCU 713238, 200-2000-08018] NR 63 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 11 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1542-0752 EI 1542-0760 J9 BIRTH DEFECTS RES A JI Birth Defects Res. Part A-Clin. Mol. Teratol. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 91 IS 11 BP 927 EP 936 DI 10.1002/bdra.22860 PG 10 WC Developmental Biology; Toxicology SC Developmental Biology; Toxicology GA 854BO UT WOS:000297469800001 PM 21954192 ER PT J AU Cao, WP Kim, JH Chirkova, T Reber, AJ Biber, R Shay, DK Sambhara, S AF Cao, Weiping Kim, Jin Hyang Chirkova, Tatiana Reber, Adrian J. Biber, Renata Shay, David K. Sambhara, Suryaprakash TI Improving immunogenicity and effectiveness of influenza vaccine in older adults SO EXPERT REVIEW OF VACCINES LA English DT Review DE aging; immunosenescence; influenza; vaccination ID IMMUNIZATION PRACTICES ACIP; REGULATORY T-CELLS; ADVISORY-COMMITTEE; DENDRITIC CELLS; MF59 ADJUVANT; AGED MICE; MACROPHAGE FUNCTION; ANTIBODY-RESPONSES; ELDERLY SUBJECTS; AGING HUMANS AB Aging is associated with a decline in immune function (immunosenescence) that leads to progressive deterioration in both innate and adaptive immune functions. These changes contribute to the subsequent increased risk for infectious diseases and their sequelae. Vaccination is the most effective and inexpensive public health strategy for prevention of infection, despite the decreased efficacy of vaccines in older adults due to immunosenescence. The rapid rise in the older adult population globally represents a great challenge for vaccination programs. This article first addresses the status of innate and adaptive immune functions in aging and then focuses on influenza vaccine. The development history of influenza vaccines, current status, and potential strategies to improve the immunogenicity and vaccine effectiveness in older adults are discussed. C1 [Cao, Weiping; Kim, Jin Hyang; Chirkova, Tatiana; Reber, Adrian J.; Biber, Renata; Shay, David K.; Sambhara, Suryaprakash] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Sambhara, S (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Bldg 15,SSB 611 B,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM ssambhara@cdc.gov OI Shay, David/0000-0001-9619-4820 FU Influenza Division, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX The authors thank Jacqueline M Katz, Michael Shaw and Nancy Cox of the Influenza Division, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention for their support and comments. NR 86 TC 16 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 1 PU EXPERT REVIEWS PI LONDON PA UNITEC HOUSE, 3RD FL, 2 ALBERT PLACE, FINCHLEY CENTRAL, LONDON N3 1QB, ENGLAND SN 1476-0584 J9 EXPERT REV VACCINES JI Expert Rev. Vaccines PD NOV PY 2011 VL 10 IS 11 BP 1529 EP 1537 DI 10.1586/ERV.11.137 PG 9 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA 858MS UT WOS:000297803200013 PM 22043953 ER PT J AU Igietseme, JU Eko, FO Black, CM AF Igietseme, Joseph U. Eko, Francis O. Black, Carolyn M. TI Chlamydia vaccines: recent developments and the role of adjuvants in future formulations SO EXPERT REVIEW OF VACCINES LA English DT Review DE adjuvant; Chlamydia; control; delivery; prevention; prophylactic; therapeutic; vaccine ID OUTER-MEMBRANE PROTEIN; PELVIC-INFLAMMATORY-DISEASE; PROTECTIVE IMMUNE-RESPONSE; TRACHOMA VIRUS VACCINE; TERM FOLLOW-UP; GENITAL-TRACT; LYMPHOGRANULOMA-VENEREUM; T-CELLS; INTRANASAL IMMUNIZATION; PNEUMONIAE INFECTION AB Bacteria of the genus Chlamydia cause a plethora of ocular, genital and respiratory diseases that continue to pose a considerable public health challenge worldwide. The major diseases are conjunctivitis and blinding trachoma, non-gonococcal urethritis, cervicitis, pelvic inflammatory disease, ectopic pregnancy, tubal factor infertility and interstitial pneumonia. The rampart asymptomatic infections prevent timely and effective antibiotic treatments, and quite often clinical presentation of sequelae is the first evidence of an infection. Besides, significant broad coverage in population screening and treatment is economically and logistically impractical, and mass education for public awareness has been ineffective. The current medical opinion is that an efficacious prophylactic vaccine is the best approach to protect humans from chlamydial infections. Unfortunately, a human vaccine has yet to be realized despite successful veterinary vaccines. Fortunately, recent advances in chlamydial immunobiology, cell biology, molecular pathogenesis, genomics, antigen discovery and animal models of infections are hastening progress toward an efficacious vaccine. Thus, it is established that Chlamydia immunity is mediated by T cells and a complementary antibody response, and several potential vaccine candidates have been identified. However, further advances are needed in effective vaccine delivery systems and safe potent adjuvants to boost and sustain immune responses for long-lasting protective immunity. This article focuses on the current status of human chlamydial vaccine research, specifically how application of new delivery systems and human compatible adjuvants could lead to a timely achievement of efficacious Chlamydia vaccines. The ranking of the candidate vaccine antigens for human vaccine development will await the availability of results from studies in which the antigens are tested by comparable experimental standards, such as antigen-adjuvant combination, route of delivery and possible toxicity. C1 [Igietseme, Joseph U.; Black, Carolyn M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Natl Ctr Emerging Zoonot & Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Igietseme, Joseph U.; Eko, Francis O.] Morehouse Sch Med, Atlanta, GA 30310 USA. RP Igietseme, JU (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Natl Ctr Emerging Zoonot & Infect Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd,MailStop G-36, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM jigietseme@cdc.gov FU PHS from NIH [AI41231, GM08248, RR03034]; CDC FX This work was supported by PHS grants (AI41231, GM08248 and RR03034) from the NIH and the CDC. The authors have no other relevant affiliations or financial involvement with any organization or entity with a financial interest in or financial conflict with the subject matter or materials discussed in the manuscript apart from those disclosed. NR 122 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 18 PU EXPERT REVIEWS PI LONDON PA UNITEC HOUSE, 3RD FL, 2 ALBERT PLACE, FINCHLEY CENTRAL, LONDON N3 1QB, ENGLAND SN 1476-0584 J9 EXPERT REV VACCINES JI Expert Rev. Vaccines PD NOV PY 2011 VL 10 IS 11 BP 1585 EP 1596 DI 10.1586/ERV.11.139 PG 12 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA 858MS UT WOS:000297803200017 PM 22043957 ER PT J AU Wu, XF Smith, TG Rupprecht, CE AF Wu, Xianfu Smith, Todd G. Rupprecht, Charles E. TI From brain passage to cell adaptation: the road of human rabies vaccine development SO EXPERT REVIEW OF VACCINES LA English DT Review DE Lyssavirus; rabies; rabies vaccine; rabies virus; Vero cells ID TISSUE-CULTURE; POSTEXPOSURE PROPHYLAXIS; DEVELOPING-COUNTRIES; ANTIRABIES VACCINE; IMMUNE-RESPONSE; CLONED CDNA; VERO CELLS; VIRUS; STRAIN; CULTIVATION AB A major challenge for global rabies prevention and control is the lack of sufficient and affordable high quality vaccines. Such candidates should be pure, potent, safe, effective and economical to produce, with broad cross-reactivity against viral variants of public health and veterinary importance. The history of licensed human vaccines reviewed herein demonstrates clearly how the field has evolved to the current state of more passive development and postexposure management. Modern cell culture techniques provide adequate viral substrates for production of representative verified virus seeds. In contrast to outdated nervous tissue-based rabies vaccines, once a suitable substrate is identified, production of high titer virus results in a major qualitative and quantitative difference. Given the current scenario of only inactivated vaccines for humans, highly cell-adapted and stable, attenuated rabies viruses are ideal candidates for consideration to meet the need for seed viruses in the future. C1 [Wu, Xianfu; Smith, Todd G.; Rupprecht, Charles E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Rabies Program PRB DHCPP NCEZID, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Wu, XF (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Rabies Program PRB DHCPP NCEZID, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM xaw6@cdc.gov NR 108 TC 20 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 8 PU EXPERT REVIEWS PI LONDON PA UNITEC HOUSE, 3RD FL, 2 ALBERT PLACE, FINCHLEY CENTRAL, LONDON N3 1QB, ENGLAND SN 1476-0584 J9 EXPERT REV VACCINES JI Expert Rev. Vaccines PD NOV PY 2011 VL 10 IS 11 BP 1597 EP 1608 DI 10.1586/ERV.11.140 PG 12 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA 858MS UT WOS:000297803200018 PM 22043958 ER PT J AU Ruiz, P Ray, M Fisher, J Mumtaz, M AF Ruiz, Patricia Ray, Meredith Fisher, Jeffrey Mumtaz, Moiz TI Development of a Human Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic (PBPK) Toolkit for Environmental Pollutants SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES LA English DT Review DE volatile organic compounds; VOCs; metals; PBPK; toxicokinetic; National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) ID MERCURY FOLLOWING EXPOSURE; RISK-ASSESSMENT; CANCER-RISK; PERCUTANEOUS-ABSORPTION; CARBON-TETRACHLORIDE; TOXICOKINETIC MODEL; TISSUE DISTRIBUTION; METHYL MERCURY; RATS; PERCHLOROETHYLENE AB Physiologically Based Pharmacokinetic (PBPK) models can be used to determine the internal dose and strengthen exposure assessment. Many PBPK models are available, but they are not easily accessible for field use. The Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) has conducted translational research to develop a human PBPK model toolkit by recoding published PBPK models. This toolkit, when fully developed, will provide a platform that consists of a series of priority PBPK models of environmental pollutants. Presented here is work on recoded PBPK models for volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and metals. Good agreement was generally obtained between the original and the recoded models. This toolkit will be available for ATSDR scientists and public health assessors to perform simulations of exposures from contaminated environmental media at sites of concern and to help interpret biomonitoring data. It can be used as screening tools that can provide useful information for the protection of the public. C1 [Ruiz, Patricia; Mumtaz, Moiz] Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registry, Div Toxicol & Environm Med, Computat Toxicol & Methods Dev Lab, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Ray, Meredith] Univ S Carolina, Arnold Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. [Fisher, Jeffrey] US FDA, Natl Ctr Toxicol Res, Jefferson, AR 72079 USA. RP Ruiz, P (reprint author), Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registry, Div Toxicol & Environm Med, Computat Toxicol & Methods Dev Lab, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM pruiz@cdc.gov; mere2110@yahoo.com; jeffrey.fisher@fda.hhs.gov; mgm4@cdc.gov NR 40 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 5 U2 23 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1422-0067 J9 INT J MOL SCI JI Int. J. Mol. Sci. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 12 IS 11 BP 7469 EP 7480 DI 10.3390/ijms12117469 PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 857DS UT WOS:000297696100014 PM 22174611 ER PT J AU Kamiya, H Nakano, T Kamiya, H Yui, A Taniguchi, K Parashar, U AF Kamiya, Hajime Nakano, Takashi Kamiya, Hitoshi Yui, Akiko Taniguchi, Koki Parashar, Umesh CA Rotavirus Epidemiology Study Grp TI Rotavirus-Associated Acute Gastroenteritis Hospitalizations among Japanese Children Aged < 5 Years: Active Rotavirus Surveillance in Mie Prefecture, Japan SO JAPANESE JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; UNITED-STATES; EFFICACY; SAFETY; VACCINE; BURDEN; IMMUNOGENICITY; DIARRHEA; INFANTS; DISEASE AB Two effective vaccines for rotavirus infection will be available near future in Japan and data on the burden of rotavirus disease and the circulating rotavirus strains are urgently needed. To obtain these data, we set up active rotavirus hospitalization surveillance in three cities, Tsu, Matsusaka, and Ise in Mie Prefecture, Japan. From November 1, 2007 through October 31, 2009, we enrolled children <5 years of age who were hospitalized with a diagnosis of acute gastroenteritis (AGE) and collected information on age, sex, month of admission, city of residence, and symptoms at the time of hospitalization. Stool samples were also obtained for rotavirus testing and genotype investigation. Rotavirus infection accounted for approximately 40% to 50% of hospitalized AGE cases in each city, and approximately 63% of those hospitalized were 2 years of age or younger. Matsusaka had the highest incidence rate at 4.7 rotavirus hospitalizations per 1,000 children <5 years of age (95% confidence interval [CI]: 3.6-5.9), followed by Tsu City (4.4 per 1,000; 95% CI: 3.6-5.3), and Ise City (2.8 per 1,000; 95% CI: 2.0-4.0). The most dominant rotavirus genotype was G3P[8], which accounted for 73.1% of cases. Our findings confirm the substantial health burden of rotavirus AGE hospitalization among Japanese children <5 years of age. C1 [Kamiya, Hajime] Natl Inst Infect Dis, Infect Dis Surveillance Ctr, Shinjuku Ku, Tokyo 1628640, Japan. [Nakano, Takashi; Kamiya, Hitoshi] Mie Natl Hosp, Tsu, Mie 5140125, Japan. [Yui, Akiko; Taniguchi, Koki] Fujita Hlth Univ, Sch Med, Dept Virol & Parasitol, Toyoake, Aichi 4701192, Japan. [Parashar, Umesh] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Kamiya, H (reprint author), Natl Inst Infect Dis, Infect Dis Surveillance Ctr, Shinjuku Ku, 1-23-1 Toyama, Tokyo 1628640, Japan. EM hakamiya@nih.go.jp FU Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare of Japan; Health and Labour Sciences Research Grants, Research on Regulatory Science of Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices FX This study was financially support by Health and Labour Sciences Research Grants, Research on Regulatory Science of Pharmaceuticals and Medical Devices, by the Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare of Japan. NR 21 TC 11 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATL INST INFECTIOUS DISEASES PI TOKYO PA JPN J INFECT DIS ED OFF NATL INST INFECTIOUS DISEASES TOYAMA 1-23-1, SHINJUKU-KU, TOKYO, 162-8640, JAPAN SN 1344-6304 EI 1884-2836 J9 JPN J INFECT DIS JI Jpn. J. Infect. Dis. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 64 IS 6 BP 482 EP 487 PG 6 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 859PP UT WOS:000297888600005 PM 22116326 ER PT J AU Warren-Jeanpiere, L Sutton, M Jones, S AF Warren-Jeanpiere, Lari Sutton, Madeline Jones, Sandra TI Historically Black Colleges and Universities' Campus Culture and HIV Prevention Attitudes and Perceptions Among Students SO JOURNAL OF COLLEGE STUDENT DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; SEXUAL PRACTICES; RISK; KNOWLEDGE; HIV/AIDS C1 [Warren-Jeanpiere, Lari; Sutton, Madeline; Jones, Sandra] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Sutton, M (reprint author), CDC, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E-45, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM msutton@cdc.gov NR 35 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 2 PU JOHNS HOPKINS UNIV PRESS PI BALTIMORE PA JOURNALS PUBLISHING DIVISION, 2715 NORTH CHARLES ST, BALTIMORE, MD 21218-4363 USA SN 0897-5264 J9 J COLL STUDENT DEV JI J. Coll. Stud. Dev. PD NOV-DEC PY 2011 VL 52 IS 6 BP 740 EP 748 PG 9 WC Education & Educational Research; Psychology, Applied SC Education & Educational Research; Psychology GA 853TX UT WOS:000297449700007 ER PT J AU Haynes, CA AF Haynes, Christopher A. TI Analysis of mammalian fatty acyl-coenzyme A species by mass spectrometry and tandem mass spectrometry SO BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-MOLECULAR AND CELL BIOLOGY OF LIPIDS LA English DT Review DE Acyl-coenzyme A; Acyl-CoA; HPLC-ESI-MS/MS; HPLC-UV; Tissue extraction; Solid-phase extraction ID PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; HEPATOCYTE NUCLEAR FACTOR-4-ALPHA; DE-NOVO LIPOGENESIS; COA DEHYDROGENASE-DEFICIENCY; ISOTOPOMER SPECTRAL-ANALYSIS; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR FADR; SOLID-PHASE EXTRACTION; FAST-ATOM-BOMBARDMENT; POOL IN-VIVO; MEDIUM-CHAIN AB Acyl-CoAs are intermediates of numerous metabolic processes in eukaryotic cells, including beta-oxidation within mitochondria and peroxisomes, and the biosynthesis/remodeling of lipids (e.g. mono-, di-, and triglycerides, phospholipids and sphingolipids). Investigations of lipid metabolism have been advanced by the ability to quantitate acyl-CoA intermediates via liquid chromatography coupled to electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometric detection (LC-ESI-MS/MS), which is presently one of the most sensitive and specific analytical methods for both lipids and acyl-CoAs. This review of acyl-CoA analysis by mass spectrometry focuses on mammalian samples and long-chain analytes (i.e. palmitoyl-CoA), particularly reports of streamlined methodology, improved recovery, or expansion of the number of acyl chain-lengths amenable to quantitation. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Lipodomics and Imaging Mass Spectrometry. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Haynes, Christopher A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM cph7@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Department of Energy; CDC FX This research was supported in part by an appointment to the Research Participation Program at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an interagency agreement between the Department of Energy and the CDC. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the author and do not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 110 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 3 U2 33 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1388-1981 J9 BBA-MOL CELL BIOL L JI Biochim. Biophys. Acta Mol. Cell Biol. Lipids PD NOV PY 2011 VL 1811 IS 11 SI SI BP 663 EP 668 DI 10.1016/j.bbalip.2011.05.010 PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics; Cell Biology GA 853AQ UT WOS:000297399000005 PM 21679775 ER PT J AU Nelson, AE Chaudhary, S Kraus, VB Fang, F Chen, JC Schwartz, TA Shi, XYA Renner, JB Stabler, TV Helmick, CG Caldwell, K Poole, AR Jordan, JM AF Nelson, Amanda E. Chaudhary, Sanjay Kraus, Virginia B. Fang, Fang Chen, Jiu-Chivan Schwartz, Todd A. Shi, Xiaoyan A. Renner, Jordan B. Stabler, Thomas V. Helmick, Charles G. Caldwell, Kathleen Poole, A. Robin Jordan, Joanne M. TI Whole blood lead levels are associated with biomarkers of joint tissue metabolism in African American and white men and women: The Johnston County Osteoarthritis Project SO ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Biomarkers; Blood lead; Joints; Osteoarthritis ID OLIGOMERIC MATRIX PROTEIN; SYMPTOMATIC KNEE OSTEOARTHRITIS; II COLLAGEN BREAKDOWN; DISEASE PROGRESSION; UNITED-STATES; BIOCHEMICAL MARKERS; RADIOGRAPHIC KNEE; BONE-RESORPTION; NATIONAL-HEALTH; SERUM-LEVELS AB Purpose: To examine associations between biomarkers of joint tissue metabolism and whole blood lead (Pb), separately for men and women in an African American and Caucasian population, which may reflect an underlying pathology. Methods: Participants in the Johnston County Osteoarthritis Project Metals Exposure Sub-Study (329 men and 342 women) underwent assessment of whole blood Pb and biochemical biomarkers of joint tissue metabolism. Urinary cross-linked N telopeptide of type I collagen (uNTX-I) and C-telopeptide fragments of type 11 collagen (uCTX-II), serum cleavage neoepitope of type II collagen (C2C), serum type 11 procollagen synthesis C-propeptide (CPII), and serum hyaluronic acid (HA) were measured using commercially available kits; the ratio of [C2C:CPII] was calculated. Serum cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP) was measured by an in-house assay. Multiple linear regression models were used to examine associations between continuous blood Pb and biomarker outcomes, adjusted for age, race, current smoking status, and body mass index. Results are reported as estimated change in biomarker level for a 5-unit change in Pb level. Results: The median Pb level among men and women was 2.2 and 1.9 mu g/dL, respectively. Correlations were noted between Pb levels and the biomarkers uNTX-I, uCTX-II, and COMP in women, and between Pb and uCTX-II, COMP, CPII, and the ratio [C2C:CPII] in men. In adjusted models among women, a 5-unit increase in blood Pb level was associated with a 28% increase in uCTX-II and a 45% increase in uNTX-I levels (uCTX-II: 1.28 [95% Cl: 1.04-1.58], uNTX-I: 1.45 [95% CI:1.21-1.74]). Among men, levels of Pb and COMP showed a borderline positive association (8% increase in COMP for a 5-unit change in Pb: 1.08 [95% Cl: 1.00-1.181]); no other associations were significant after adjustment. Conclusions: Based upon known biomarker origins, the novel associations between blood Pb and biomarkers appear to be primarily reflective of relationships to bone and calcified cartilage turnover among women and cartilage metabolism among men, suggesting a potential gender-specific effect of Pb on joint tissue metabolism that may be relevant to osteoarthritis. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Nelson, Amanda E.; Chaudhary, Sanjay; Schwartz, Todd A.; Renner, Jordan B.; Jordan, Joanne M.] Univ N Carolina, Thurston Arthrit Res Ctr, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Kraus, Virginia B.; Stabler, Thomas V.] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Durham, NC 27710 USA. [Fang, Fang] StatWorks Inc, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Chen, Jiu-Chivan] Univ So Calif, Dept Preventat Med, Div Environm Hlth, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. [Schwartz, Todd A.] Univ N Carolina, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Dept Biostat, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Shi, Xiaoyan A.] SAS Inst Inc, Cary, NC 27513 USA. [Renner, Jordan B.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Radiol, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Helmick, Charles G.; Caldwell, Kathleen] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Poole, A. Robin] Shriners Hosp Crippled Children, Joint Dis Lab, Montreal, PQ H3G 1A6, Canada. [Poole, A. Robin] McGill Univ, Dept Surg, Montreal, PQ H3A 1A1, Canada. RP Nelson, AE (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Thurston Arthrit Res Ctr, 3300 Thurston Bldg,CB 7280, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. EM aenelson@med.unc.edu RI Schwartz, Todd/D-4995-2012; Chen, JC/I-2261-2016 OI Schwartz, Todd/0000-0002-0232-2543; FU John A. Hartford Center of Excellence in Geriatrics; NIH/NIAMS [AR-07416, U01 AR 050898]; NIH [1 L30 AR056604]; NIH/NIA Claude D. Pepper OAIC [2 P60 AG11268, P30 AG028716]; NIEHS/UNC Center for Environmental Health and Susceptibility [5P30-ES010126]; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention/Association of Schools of Public Health [S043, S3486]; NIH/NIAMS Multipurpose Arthritis and Musculoskeletal Diseases Center [5 P60 AR49465]; Shriners Hospitals and Canadian Institutes of Health Research FX This work was funded in part by Nelson/Chaudhary: John A. Hartford Center of Excellence in Geriatrics; NIH/NIAMS T-32 training Grant AR-07416; Nelson: NIH Loan Repayment 1 L30 AR056604. Kraus/Stabler: NIH/NIA Claude D. Pepper OAIC 2 P60 AG11268 and P30 AG028716; NIH/NIAMS U01 AR 050898. Jordan: NIEHS/UNC Center for Environmental Health and Susceptibility 5P30-ES010126; Jordan/Renner: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention/Association of Schools of Public Health S043 and S3486; Jordan/Renner/Schwartz: NIH/NIAMS Multipurpose Arthritis and Musculoskeletal Diseases Center Grant 5 P60 AR49465. Poole: Shriners Hospitals and Canadian Institutes of Health Research. NR 61 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 7 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0013-9351 J9 ENVIRON RES JI Environ. Res. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 111 IS 8 BP 1208 EP 1214 DI 10.1016/j.envres.2011.08.002 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 850FC UT WOS:000297179500028 PM 21839992 ER PT J AU Scinicariello, F Abadin, HG Murray, HE AF Scinicariello, Franco Abadin, Henry G. Murray, H. Edward TI Association of low-level blood lead and blood pressure in NHANES 1999-2006 SO ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Blood lead; Hypertension; Blood pressure; NHANES; Blood cadmium ID NUTRITION EXAMINATION SURVEY; NATIONAL-HEALTH; ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS; UNITED-STATES; HYPERTENSION; EXPOSURE; POPULATION; ADULTS; CADMIUM; PREVALENCE AB This study investigated whether low blood-lead levels (<= 10 mu g/dL) were associated with blood pressure (BP) outcomes. The authors analyzed data from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999-2006 and participants aged 20 years or older. Outcome variables were systolic and diastolic BP measurements, pulse pressure, and hypertension status. Multivariable linear and logistic regressions stratified by race/ethnicity and gender were performed. Blood lead levels (BLL) were significantly correlated with higher systolic BP among black men and women, but not white or Mexican-American participants. BLLs were significantly associated with higher diastolic BPs among white men and women and black men, whereas, a negative association was observed in Mexican-American men that had, also, a wider pulse pressure. Black men in the 90th percentile of blood lead distribution (BLL >= 3.50 mu g/dL) compared to black men in the 10th percentile of blood lead distribution (BLL <= 0.7 mu g/dL) had a significant increase of risk of having hypertension (adjusted POR=2.69; 95% Cl: 1.08-6.72). In addition, blood cadmium was significantly associated with hypertension and systolic and diastolic blood. This study found that, despite the continuous decline in blood lead in the U.S. population, lead exposure disparities among race and gender still exist. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Scinicariello, Franco; Abadin, Henry G.; Murray, H. Edward] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registry, Div Toxicol & Environm Med, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Scinicariello, F (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registry, Div Toxicol & Environm Med, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM fes6@cdc.gov NR 50 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 1 U2 6 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0013-9351 J9 ENVIRON RES JI Environ. Res. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 111 IS 8 BP 1249 EP 1257 DI 10.1016/j.envres.2011.08.011 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 850FC UT WOS:000297179500034 PM 21907978 ER PT J AU Cragin, LA Kesner, JS Bachand, AM Barr, DB Meadows, JW Krieg, EF Reif, JS AF Cragin, Lori A. Kesner, James S. Bachand, Annette M. Barr, Dana Boyd Meadows, Juliana W. Krieg, Edward F. Reif, John S. TI Menstrual cycle characteristics and reproductive hormone levels in women exposed to atrazine in drinking water SO ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Atrazine; Drinking water; Menstrual cycle; Hormones; Pesticide ID SPRAGUE-DAWLEY RATS; LUTEAL-PHASE DEFICIENCY; LUTEINIZING-HORMONE; PREGNANEDIOL 3-GLUCURONIDE; PESTICIDE EXPOSURE; ESTROUS-CYCLE; AGE; PERFORMANCE; METABOLITES; HERBICIDE AB Atrazine is the most commonly used herbicide in the U.S. and a wide-spread groundwater contaminant. Epidemiologic and laboratory evidence exists that atrazine disrupts reproductive health and hormone secretion. We examined the relationship between exposure to atrazine in drinking water and menstrual cycle function including reproductive hormone levels. Women 18-40 years old residing in agricultural communities where atrazine is used extensively (Illinois) and sparingly (Vermont) answered a questionnaire (n=102), maintained menstrual cycle diaries (n=67), and provided daily urine samples for analyses of luteinizing hormone (LH), and estradiol and progesterone metabolites (n=35). Markers of exposures included state of residence, atrazine and chlorotriazine concentrations in tap water, municipal water and urine, and estimated dose from water consumption. Women who lived in Illinois were more likely to report menstrual cycle length irregularity (odds ratio(OR)=4.69; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.58-13.95) and more than 6 weeks between periods (OR=6.16; 95% CI: 1.29-29.38) than those who lived in Vermont. Consumption of >2 cups of unfiltered Illinois water daily was associated with increased risk of irregular periods (OR=5.73; 95% CI: 1.58-20.77). Estimated "dose" of atrazine and chlorotriazine from tap water was inversely related to mean mid-luteal estradiol metabolite. Atrazine "dose" from municipal concentrations was directly related to follicular phase length and inversely related to mean mid-luteal progesterone metabolite levels. We present preliminary evidence that atrazine exposure, at levels below the US EPA MCL, is associated with increased menstrual cycle irregularity, longer follicular phases, and decreased levels of menstrual cycle endocrine biomarkers of infertile ovulatory cycles. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Cragin, Lori A.] Vermont Dept Hlth, Burlington, VT 05402 USA. [Cragin, Lori A.; Bachand, Annette M.; Reif, John S.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Environm & Radiol Hlth Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Kesner, James S.; Meadows, Juliana W.; Krieg, Edward F.] NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Barr, Dana Boyd] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Barr, Dana Boyd] Emory Univ, Dept Environm & Occupat Hlth, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Cragin, LA (reprint author), Vermont Dept Hlth, 108 Cherry St, Burlington, VT 05402 USA. EM Lori.Cragin@state.vt.us; JKesner@cdc.gov; Annette.Bachand@colostate.edu; dbbarr@emory.edu; cvq7@CDC.GOV; EKrieg@cdc.gov; John.Reif@colostate.edu RI Barr, Dana/E-6369-2011; Barr, Dana/E-2276-2013 FU National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health [5U0OH008085] FX Partial funding was provided by National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health grant 5U0OH008085 to the High Plains Intermountain Center for Agricultural Health and Safety, Colorado State University. NR 66 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 24 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0013-9351 J9 ENVIRON RES JI Environ. Res. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 111 IS 8 BP 1293 EP 1301 DI 10.1016/j.envres.2011.09.009 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 850FC UT WOS:000297179500040 PM 22000761 ER PT J AU Homce, GT Cawley, JC AF Homce, Gerald T. Cawley, James C. TI Understanding and Quantifying Arc Flash Hazards in the Mining Industry SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRY APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE Arc flash hazard analysis; electrical arcing; electrical burns; mining AB Arc flash generally refers to the dangerous exposure to thermal energy released by an arcing fault on an electrical power system, and in recent years, arc flash hazards have become a prominent safety issue in many industries. This problem, however, has not been effectively addressed in the mining industry. Mine Safety and Health Administration (MSHA) data for the period 1990 through 2001 attribute 836 injuries to "noncontact electric arc burns," making them the most common cause of electrical injury in mining. This paper presents results from several elements of a recent National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health study of arc flash hazards in mining and provides information and recommendations that can help reduce these injuries. The characteristics of past arc flash injuries in mining are first outlined, such as the electrical components and work activities involved (based on MSHA data). This is followed by a review of important concepts and terminology needed to understand this hazard. Next, methods for identifying, measuring, and managing arc flash hazards on a power system are covered, with emphasis on recommendations found in NFPA 70E, Standard for Electrical Safety in the Workplace. Finally, results are presented from a detailed arc flash hazard analysis performed on a sample mine electrical power system using IEEE 1584-2004a, focusing on components and locations presenting severe hazards, as well as engineering solutions for reducing the risk to personnel. C1 [Homce, Gerald T.; Cawley, James C.] NIOSH, Off Mine Safety & Hlth Res, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, US Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. RP Homce, GT (reprint author), NIOSH, Off Mine Safety & Hlth Res, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, US Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Pittsburgh, PA 15236 USA. EM GHomce@cdc.gov; JCawley@IEEE.org NR 4 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 4 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0093-9994 J9 IEEE T IND APPL JI IEEE Trans. Ind. Appl. PD NOV-DEC PY 2011 VL 47 IS 6 BP 2437 EP 2444 DI 10.1109/TIA.2011.2169170 PG 8 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA 852GF UT WOS:000297343800015 ER PT J AU Barfield, WD Krug, SE Kanter, RK Gausche-Hill, M Brantley, MD Chung, S Kissoon, N AF Barfield, Wanda D. Krug, Steven E. Kanter, Robert K. Gausche-Hill, Marianne Brantley, Mary D. Chung, Sarita Kissoon, Niranjan CA Task Force Pediat Emergency Mass C TI Neonatal and pediatric regionalized systems in pediatric emergency mass critical care SO PEDIATRIC CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE emergency mass critical care; influenza pandemic; mass casualty care; pediatric critical care; regional systems of care; surge capacity ID LOW-BIRTH-WEIGHT; BOARD-OF-PEDIATRICS; INTENSIVE-CARE; UNITED-STATES; AMERICAN-BOARD; MEDICINE DATA; PERINATAL REGIONALIZATION; DISASTER PREPAREDNESS; CASUALTY EVENTS; TRAUMA CARE AB Introduction: Improved health outcomes are associated with neonatal and pediatric critical care in well-organized, cohesive, regionalized systems that are prepared to support and rehabilitate critically ill victims of a mass casualty event. However, present systems lack adequate surge capacity for neonatal and pediatric mass critical care. In this document, we outline the present reality and suggest alternative approaches. Methods: In May 2008, the Task Force for Mass Critical Care published guidance on provision of mass critical care to adults. Acknowledging that the critical care needs of children during disasters were unaddressed by this effort, a 17-member Steering Committee, assembled by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education with guidance from members of the American Academy of Pediatrics, convened in April 2009 to determine priority topic areas for pediatric emergency mass critical care recommendations. Steering Committee members established subcommittees by topic area and performed literature reviews of MEDLINE and Ovid databases. The Steering Committee produced draft outlines through consensus-based study of the literature and convened October 6-7, 2009, in New York, NY, to review and revise each outline. Eight draft documents were subsequently developed from the revised outlines as well as through searches of MEDLINE updated through March 2010. The Pediatric Emergency Mass Critical Care Task Force, composed of 36 experts from diverse public health, medical, and disaster response fields, convened in Atlanta, GA, on March 29-30, 2010. Feedback on each manuscript was compiled and the Steering Committee revised each document to reflect expert input in addition to the most current medical literature. Task Force Recommendations: States and regions (facilitated by federal partners) should review current emergency operations and devise appropriate plans to address the population-based needs of infants and children in large-scale disasters. Action at the state, regional, and federal levels should address legal, operational, and information systems to provide effective pediatric mass critical care through: 1) predisaster/mass casualty planning, management, and assessment with input from child health professionals; 2) close cooperation, agreements, public-private partnerships, and unique delivery systems; and 3) use of existing public health data to assess pediatric populations at risk and to model graded response plans based on increasing patient volume and acuity. (Pediatr Crit Care Med 2011; 12[Suppl.]: S128-S134) C1 [Barfield, Wanda D.; Brantley, Mary D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Krug, Steven E.] Northwestern Univ, Childrens Mem Hosp, Feinberg Sch Med, Chicago, IL 60614 USA. [Kanter, Robert K.] SUNY Upstate Med Univ, Dept Pediat, New York, NY USA. [Gausche-Hill, Marianne] Harbor UCLA Med Ctr, Torrance, CA 90509 USA. [Chung, Sarita] Childrens Hosp, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Kissoon, Niranjan] British Columbia Childrens Hosp, Vancouver, BC, Canada. Univ British Columbia, Child & Family Res Inst, BCCH, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada. Univ British Columbia, Child & Family Res Inst, UBC Global Child Hlth, Dept Paediat & Emergency Med, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada. RP Barfield, WD (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM wjb5@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX The Pediatric Emergency Mass Critical Care Task Force was supported, in part, by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 60 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 6 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1529-7535 J9 PEDIATR CRIT CARE ME JI Pediatr. Crit. Care Med. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 12 IS 6 SU S BP S128 EP S134 DI 10.1097/PCC.0b013e318234a723 PG 7 WC Critical Care Medicine; Pediatrics SC General & Internal Medicine; Pediatrics GA 848LU UT WOS:000297053900004 PM 22067921 ER PT J AU Bohn, D Kanter, RK Burns, J Barfield, WD Kissoon, N AF Bohn, Desmond Kanter, Robert K. Burns, Jeffrey Barfield, Wanda D. Kissoon, Niranjan CA Task Force Pediat Emergency Mass C TI Supplies and equipment for pediatric emergency mass critical care SO PEDIATRIC CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE children; critical illness; disaster; emergency mass critical care; equipment; mass casualties; pandemics; pediatric; supplies ID 2009 INFLUENZA A(H1N1); A H1N1 VIRUS; DEFINITIVE CARE; SURGE CAPACITY; UNITED-STATES; JANUARY 26-27; ILL PATIENTS; TASK-FORCE; INFECTION; DISASTER AB Introduction: Epidemics of acute respiratory disease, such as severe acute respiratory syndrome in 2003, and natural disasters, such as Hurricane Katrina in 2005, have prompted planning in hospitals that offer adult critical care to increase their capacity and equipment inventory for responding to a major demand surge. However, planning at a national, state, or local level to address the particular medical resource needs of children for mass critical care has yet to occur in any coordinated way. This paper presents the consensus opinion of the Task Force regarding supplies and equipment that would be required during a pediatric mass critical care crisis. Methods: In May 2008, the Task Force for Mass Critical Care published guidance on provision of mass critical care to adults. Acknowledging that the critical care needs of children during disasters were unaddressed by this effort, a 17-member Steering Committee, assembled by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education with guidance from members of the American Academy of Pediatrics, convened in April 2009 to determine priority topic areas for pediatric emergency mass critical care recommendations. Steering Committee members established subcommittees by topic area and performed literature reviews of MEDLINE and Ovid databases. The Steering Committee produced draft outlines through consensus-based study of the literature and convened October 6-7, 2009, in New York, NY, to review and revise each outline. Eight draft documents were subsequently developed from the revised outlines as well as through searches of MEDLINE updated through March 2010. The Pediatric Emergency Mass Critical Care Task Force, composed of 36 experts from diverse public health, medical, and disaster response fields, convened in Atlanta, GA, on March 29-30, 2010. Feedback on each manuscript was compiled and the Steering Committee revised each document to reflect expert input in addition to the most current medical literature. Task Force Recommendations: The Task Force endorsed the view that supplies and equipment must be available for a tripling of capacity above the usual peak pediatric intensive care unit capacity for at least 10 days. The recommended size-specific pediatric mass critical care equipment stockpile for two types of patients is presented in terms of equipment needs per ten mass critical care beds, which would serve 26 patients over a 10-day period. Specific recommendations are made regarding ventilator capacity, including the potential use of high-frequency oscillatory ventilation and extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. Other recommendations include inventories for disposable medical equipment, medications, and staffing levels. (Pediatr Crit Care Med 2011; 12[Suppl.]: S120-S127) C1 [Bohn, Desmond] Hosp Sick Children, Dept Crit Care Med, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada. [Kanter, Robert K.] SUNY Upstate Med Univ, Dept Pediat, New York, NY USA. [Burns, Jeffrey] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Childrens Hosp Boston, Boston, MA USA. [Barfield, Wanda D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. [Kissoon, Niranjan] British Columbia Childrens Hosp, Vancouver, BC, Canada. Univ British Columbia, Child & Family Res Inst, BCCH, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada. Univ British Columbia, Child & Family Res Inst, UBC Global Child Hlth, Dept Paediat & Emergency Med, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada. RP Bohn, D (reprint author), Hosp Sick Children, Dept Crit Care Med, 555 Univ Ave, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada. EM desmond.bohn@sickkids.ca FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX The Pediatric Emergency Mass Critical Care Task Force was supported, in part, by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 19 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1529-7535 J9 PEDIATR CRIT CARE ME JI Pediatr. Crit. Care Med. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 12 IS 6 SU S BP S120 EP S127 DI 10.1097/PCC.0b013e318234a6b9 PG 8 WC Critical Care Medicine; Pediatrics SC General & Internal Medicine; Pediatrics GA 848LU UT WOS:000297053900003 PM 22067920 ER PT J AU Burkle, FM Williams, A Kissoon, N AF Burkle, Frederick M., Jr. Williams, Alcia Kissoon, Niranjan CA Task Force Pediat Emergency Mass C TI Pediatric emergency mass critical care: The role of community preparedness in conserving critical care resources SO PEDIATRIC CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE alternate care facilities; call centers; children; citizen readiness; community preparedness; emergency mass critical care; health emergency operations center; pandemic; system-wide approach ID HEALTH EMERGENCIES; DISASTER; MANAGEMENT; CAPACITY; SYSTEMS AB Introduction: Public health emergencies require resources at state, regional, federal, and often international levels; however, community preparedness is the crucial first step in managing these events and mitigating their consequences, particularly for children. Community preparedness can be optimized through system-wide planning that includes integrating multiple points of contact, such as the community, prehospital care, health facilities, and regional level of care assets. Citizen readiness, call centers, alternate care facilities, emergency medical services, and health emergency operations centers linked to community incident command systems should be considered as important options for delivery of population-based care. Early collaboration between pediatric clinicians and public health authorities is essential to ensure that pediatric needs are addressed in community preparedness for mass critical care events. Methods: In May 2008, the Task Force for Mass Critical Care published guidance on provision of mass critical care to adults. Acknowledging that the critical care needs of children during disasters were unaddressed by this effort, a 17-member Steering Committee, assembled by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education with guidance from members of the American Academy of Pediatrics, convened in April 2009 to determine priority topic areas for pediatric emergency mass critical care recommendations. Steering Committee members established subcommittees by topic area and performed literature reviews of MEDLINE and Ovid databases. The Steering Committee produced draft outlines and convened October 6-7, 2009, in New York, NY, to review and revise each outline. Eight draft documents were subsequently developed from the revised outlines as well as through searches of MEDLINE updated through March 2010. The Pediatric Emergency Mass Critical Care Task Force, composed of 36 experts from diverse public health, medical, and disaster response fields, convened in Atlanta, GA, on March 29-30, 2010. Feedback on each manuscript was compiled and the Steering Committee revised each document to reflect expert input in addition to the most current medical literature. Task Force Recommendations: The Pediatric Emergency Mass Critical Care Task Force recommends active promotion of programs to ensure an informed citizenry; education of children and families in Centers for Disease Control and Prevention community mitigation strategies; emphasis on community-level preparedness empowering the public to provide self care; use of 9-1-1 telephone triage with pre-established protocols and in coordination with emergency medical services; and advocacy for healthcare coalitions and other creative operational concepts that provide guidance and protocols for care of the pediatric population. (Pediatr Crit Care Med 2011; 12[ Suppl.]: S141-S151) C1 [Burkle, Frederick M., Jr.] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Harvard Humanitarian Initiat, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Williams, Alcia] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Kissoon, Niranjan] British Columbia Childrens Hosp, Vancouver, BC, Canada. Univ British Columbia, Child & Family Res Inst, BCCH, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada. Univ British Columbia, Child & Family Res Inst, UBC Global Child Hlth, Dept Paediat & Emergency Med, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada. RP Burkle, FM (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Harvard Humanitarian Initiat, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM fburkle@hsph.harvard.edu FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX The Pediatric Emergency Mass Critical Care Task Force was supported, in part, by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 59 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 5 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1529-7535 J9 PEDIATR CRIT CARE ME JI Pediatr. Crit. Care Med. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 12 IS 6 SU S BP S141 EP S151 DI 10.1097/PCC.0b013e318234a786 PG 11 WC Critical Care Medicine; Pediatrics SC General & Internal Medicine; Pediatrics GA 848LU UT WOS:000297053900006 PM 22067923 ER PT J AU Jenkins, MM Reed-Gross, E Barfield, WD Prue, CE Gallagher, ML Rasmussen, SA Honein, MA AF Jenkins, Mary M. Reed-Gross, Erika Barfield, Wanda D. Prue, Christine E. Gallagher, Margaret L. Rasmussen, Sonja A. Honein, Margaret A. TI Qualitative Assessment of Study Materials and Communication Strategies Used in Studies That Include DNA Collection SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS PART A LA English DT Article DE communication; focus group; genetic research; genetic epidemiology; population-based studies; public attitudes; qualitative research; birth defects ID BIRTH-DEFECTS PREVENTION; INFORMED-CONSENT; GENETIC RESEARCH; WORKING GROUP; POPULATIONS; SAMPLES; PARTICIPATION AB To understand motivations and barriers to participation in studies that include DNA collection, focus group discussions were held with mothers who had participated in a case-control study of birth defects. Recruited mothers had completed an interview and had received a mailed kit containing cytobrushes to collect buccal cells for DNA from herself, her infant, and her infant's father. Six moderator-led focus groups were attended by a total of 38 women residing in Atlanta, Georgia. Focus groups were segmented by DNA collection status (biologics participants or nonparticipants), infant case-control status, infant birthweight, and maternal race and ethnicity. This report assesses maternal attitudes toward study materials and communication strategies. Across groups, respondents expressed concern about how their contact information was obtained. Study materials were described as clear and professional by most women, although some respondents reported confusion about disclosure of individual genetic results. Respondents generally reported that monetary incentives were not a motivation to participate, but increased perceived study legitimacy. Biologics nonparticipants expressed concerns about kit component sterility; government involvement; and DNA sample use, storage, and disposal. Respondents suggested that investigators provide feedback on whether sample collection was performed correctly and provide materials targeted to fathers to help alleviate paternal skepticism. Participation in DNA collection might be improved by strengthening study materials and communication strategies. Published 2011. This article is a U.S. Government work and is in the public domain in the USA. C1 [Jenkins, Mary M.; Rasmussen, Sonja A.; Honein, Margaret A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Reed-Gross, Erika] Westat Corp, Rockville, MD USA. [Barfield, Wanda D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Prue, Christine E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Gallagher, Margaret L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Jenkins, MM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, 1600 Clifton Rd,M-S E-86, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM mmjenkins@cdc.gov NR 32 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 7 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1552-4825 J9 AM J MED GENET A JI Am. J. Med. Genet. A PD NOV PY 2011 VL 155A IS 11 BP 2721 EP 2731 DI 10.1002/ajmg.a.34263 PG 11 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 850MU UT WOS:000297199700016 PM 21976456 ER PT J AU Dunlop, DD Song, J Semanik, PA Chang, RW Sharma, L Bathon, JM Eaton, CB Hochberg, MC Jackson, RD Kwoh, CK Mysiw, WJ Nevitt, MC Hootman, JM AF Dunlop, Dorothy D. Song, Jing Semanik, Pamela A. Chang, Rowland W. Sharma, Leena Bathon, Joan M. Eaton, Charles B. Hochberg, Marc C. Jackson, Rebecca D. Kwoh, C. Kent Mysiw, W. Jerry Nevitt, Michael C. Hootman, Jennifer M. TI Objective Physical Activity Measurement in the Osteoarthritis Initiative Are Guidelines Being Met? SO ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM LA English DT Article ID AMERICAN-HEART-ASSOCIATION; OF-SPORTS-MEDICINE; KNEE OSTEOARTHRITIS; ENERGY-EXPENDITURE; PUBLIC-HEALTH; OLDER-ADULTS; REGRESSION-MODELS; CONTROLLED-TRIAL; UNITED-STATES; US ADULTS AB Objective. Osteoarthritis (OA) clinical practice guidelines identify a substantial therapeutic role for physical activity, but objective information about the physical activity of this population is lacking. The aim of this study was to objectively measure levels of physical activity in adults with knee OA and report the prevalence of meeting public health physical activity guidelines. Methods. Cross-sectional accelerometry data from 1,111 adults with radiographic knee OA (49-84 years old) participating in the Osteoarthritis Initiative accelerometry monitoring ancillary study were assessed for meeting the aerobic component of the 2008 Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans (>= 150 minutes/week moderate-to-vigorous-intensity activity lasting >= 10 minutes). Quantile regression was used to test median sex differences in physical activity levels. Results. Aerobic physical activity guidelines were met by 12.9% of men and 7.7% of women with knee OA. A substantial proportion of men and women (40.1% and 56.5%, respectively) were inactive, having done no moderate-to-vigorous activity that lasted 10 minutes or more during the 7 days. Although men engaged in significantly more moderate-to-vigorous activity (average daily minutes 20.7 versus 12.3), they also spent more time in no or very-low-intensity activity than women (average daily minutes 608.2 versus 585.8). Conclusion. Despite substantial health benefits from physical activity, adults with knee OA were particularly inactive based on objective accelerometry monitoring. The proportions of men and women who met public health physical activity guidelines were substantially less than those previously reported based on self-reported activity in arthritis populations. These findings support intensified public health efforts to increase physical activity levels among people with knee OA. C1 [Dunlop, Dorothy D.] Northwestern Univ, Feinberg Sch Med, Inst Healthcare Studies, Chicago, IL 60611 USA. [Bathon, Joan M.] Columbia Univ, New York, NY USA. [Eaton, Charles B.] Brown Univ, Pawtucket, RI USA. [Hochberg, Marc C.] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [Jackson, Rebecca D.; Mysiw, W. Jerry] Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Kwoh, C. Kent] Univ Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA USA. [Nevitt, Michael C.] Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Hootman, Jennifer M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Dunlop, DD (reprint author), Northwestern Univ, Feinberg Sch Med, Inst Healthcare Studies, 750 N Lake Shore Dr,10th Floor, Chicago, IL 60611 USA. EM ddunlop@northwestern.edu RI Mysiw, Walter/E-3724-2011 FU National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases [P60-AR-48098, R01-AR-055287, R01-AR-054155, R21-AR-059412]; Falk Medical Research Trust; NIH a branch of the Department of Health and Human Services [N01-AR-2-2258, N01-AR-2-2259, N01-AR-2-2260, N01-AR-2-2261, 01AR- 2-2262]; Merck Research Laboratories; Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation; GlaxoSmithKline; Pfizer, Inc.; Pfizer FX Supported in part by grants from the National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases (P60-AR-48098, R01-AR-055287, R01-AR-054155, and R21-AR-059412) and by the Falk Medical Research Trust. The OAI is a public-private partnership comprising 5 contracts funded by grants from the NIH (N01-AR-2-2258, N01-AR-2-2259, N01-AR-2-2260, N01-AR-2-2261, and N01AR- 2-2262), a branch of the Department of Health and Human Services, and conducted by the OAI Study Investigators. Private funding partners include Merck Research Laboratories, Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, GlaxoSmithKline, and Pfizer, Inc. Private sector funding for the OAI is managed by the Foundation for the NIH.; Dr. Eaton has received grant funding from Pfizer. NR 45 TC 72 Z9 73 U1 1 U2 9 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0004-3591 J9 ARTHRITIS RHEUM-US JI Arthritis Rheum. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 63 IS 11 BP 3372 EP 3382 DI 10.1002/art.30562 PG 11 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA 850TC UT WOS:000297221100021 PM 21792835 ER PT J AU Brady, TJ AF Brady, Teresa J. TI Measures of Self-Efficacy SO ARTHRITIS CARE & RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; ARTHRITIS EDUCATION-PROGRAM; RHEUMATOID-ARTHRITIS; MANAGEMENT PROGRAM; CHRONIC DISEASE; HEALTH-STATUS; PRELIMINARY VALIDATION; SOCIAL SUPPORT; CHRONIC PAIN; FOLLOW-UP C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Brady, TJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 4770 Buford Highway NE,MS K-51, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM Tob9@cdc.gov NR 60 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 4 U2 26 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 2151-464X J9 ARTHRIT CARE RES JI Arthritis Care Res. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 63 SU 11 BP S473 EP S485 DI 10.1002/acr.20567 PG 13 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA 850SR UT WOS:000297219500036 PM 22588769 ER PT J AU Xu, X Macaluso, M Frost, J Anderson, JE Curtis, K Grosse, SD AF Xu, Xin Macaluso, Maurizio Frost, Jennifer Anderson, John E. Curtis, Kathryn Grosse, Scott D. TI Characteristics of users of intrauterine devices and other reversible contraceptive methods in the United States SO FERTILITY AND STERILITY LA English DT Article DE IUD; reversible contraceptives; demographic characteristics; satisfaction; multinomial logistic regression ID UNINTENDED PREGNANCY; DEVELOPING-COUNTRIES; NULLIPAROUS WOMEN; INSERTION; EFFICACY; TRIAL; LEVONORGESTREL; INFECTION; COST; IUD AB Objective: To evaluate the determinants of intrauterine device (IUD) use and reasons for choosing IUDs over other reversible contraceptive methods. Design: Descriptive statistics and multinomial logistic regression were used to assess multiple factors associated with IUD use and the use of other reversible methods in the United States. Setting: Not applicable. Patient(s): Women at risk of pregnancy from the 2006 to 2008 National Survey of Family Growth and a 2004 Guttmacher Institute survey. Intervention(s): None. Main Outcome Measure(s): Sociodemographic and reproductive characteristics, family background, and health insurance coverage. Result(s): IUD use was positively associated with women's parity and the highest education level of respondent's mother; it was less common among women who had >= 4 sexual partners in the last 12 months and those who were widowed, divorced, or separated. IUD users reported pregnancy prevention, provider recommendation, and no interruption of sex as the most important reasons for choosing the method and reported a high level of satisfaction. Conclusion(s): IUD users differed substantially from users of other reversible contraceptives. IUD use was especially uncommon among nulliparae. Most current IUD users were satisfied with their choice. (Fertil Steril (R) 2011;96:1138-44. (C) 2011 by American Society for Reproductive Medicine.) C1 [Xu, Xin; Macaluso, Maurizio; Anderson, John E.; Curtis, Kathryn] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Frost, Jennifer] Alan Guttmacher Inst, New York, NY 10005 USA. [Grosse, Scott D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Blood Disorders, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Xu, X (reprint author), CDC, NCCDPHP, 4770 Buford Highway,MS K-50, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM xinxu@cdc.gov RI Macaluso, Maurizio/J-2076-2015 OI Macaluso, Maurizio/0000-0002-2977-9690 NR 34 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0015-0282 J9 FERTIL STERIL JI Fertil. Steril. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 96 IS 5 BP 1138 EP 1144 DI 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2011.08.019 PG 7 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology GA 842DY UT WOS:000296572000021 PM 21917255 ER PT J AU Heffelfinger, JD Owen, SM Hendry, RM Lansky, A AF Heffelfinger, James D. Owen, S. Michele Hendry, R. Michael Lansky, Amy TI HIV testing: the cornerstone of HIV prevention efforts in the USA SO FUTURE VIROLOGY LA English DT Article DE acute HIV infection; HIV diagnostics; HIV prevention; HIV testing; linkage to care; retention in care ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; HEALTH-CARE SETTINGS; EMERGENCY-DEPARTMENT PATIENTS; CAPTURE ENZYME-IMMUNOASSAY; NEW-YORK-CITY; UNITED-STATES; COST-EFFECTIVENESS; MEDICAL-CARE; NUCLEIC-ACID AB An estimated 1.2 million persons in the USA are infected with HIV, of whom approximately 20% are unaware they are infected. HIV testing and knowledge of HIV serostatus have important individual and public health benefits, including reduction of morbidity, mortality and HIV transmission. Although testing is the necessary first step to prevention, more than half of the US adult population has never been tested for HIV. However, this proportion is increasing due to revised national recommendations to make HIV testing a routine part of healthcare, expansion of testing efforts at local, state and national levels, and progress in the development and adoption of new testing technologies. In this article, we describe the essential role of HIV testing as a public health prevention strategy, examine recent advances in HIV testing technologies and testing implementation, and identify future directions for HIV testing in the USA. C1 [Heffelfinger, James D.; Owen, S. Michele; Hendry, R. Michael; Lansky, Amy] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Heffelfinger, JD (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E-46, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM izh7@cdc.gov NR 184 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 2 PU FUTURE MEDICINE LTD PI LONDON PA UNITEC HOUSE, 3RD FLOOR, 2 ALBERT PLACE, FINCHLEY CENTRAL, LONDON, N3 1QB, ENGLAND SN 1746-0794 EI 1746-0808 J9 FUTURE VIROL JI Future Virol. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 6 IS 11 BP 1299 EP 1317 DI 10.2217/FVL.11.114 PG 19 WC Virology SC Virology GA 850SO UT WOS:000297219000009 ER PT J AU Sulaiman, IM Anderson, M Khristova, M Tang, K Sulaiman, N Phifer, E Simpson, S Kerdahi, K AF Sulaiman, Irshad M. Anderson, Mickey Khristova, Marina Tang, Kevin Sulaiman, Nikhat Phifer, Edwin Simpson, Steven Kerdahi, Khalil TI Development of a PCR-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism Protocol for Rapid Detection and Differentiation of Four Cockroach Vectors (Group I "Dirty 22" Species) Responsible for Food Contamination and Spreading of Foodborne Pathogens: Public Health Importance SO JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION LA English DT Article ID REGULATORY ACTION CRITERIA; RIBOSOMAL-RNA GENE; BLATTELLA-GERMANICA; FLIES DIPTERA; EVOLUTIONARY RELATIONSHIPS; CRYPTOSPORIDIUM PARASITES; PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS; MOLECULAR PHYLOGENY; SP APICOMPLEXA; FILTH AB Assessing the adulteration of food products and the presence of filth and extraneous materials is one of the measures that the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) utilizes in implementing regulatory actions of public health importance. To date, 22 common pest species (also known as the "Dirty 22" species) have been regarded by this agency as the spreaders of foodborne diseases. We have further categorized the Dirty 22 species into four groups: 1 has four cockroach species, 11 has two ant species, has 12 fly species, and TV has four rodent species. The presence of any Dirty 22 species is also considered an indicator of unsanitary conditions in food processing and storage facilities. In this study, we describe the development of a two-step nested PCR protocol to amplify the small subunit ribosomal gene of group I Dirty 22 species that include four cockroach species: Biotic Ila germanica, Blotto orientalis, Periplaneta americana, and Supella longipalpa, along with the development of a PCR restriction fragment length polymorphism method for rapid detection and differentiation of these violative species. This method will be utilized when the specimen cannot be identified with conventional microscopic taxonomic methods, especially when only small body parts are separated and recovered from food samples for analysis or when these body parts are in a decomposed state. This new PCR restriction fragment length polymorphism will provide correct identification of group I Dirty 22 species; this information can then be used in regulation and prevention of foodbome pathogens. C1 [Sulaiman, Irshad M.; Anderson, Mickey; Phifer, Edwin; Simpson, Steven; Kerdahi, Khalil] US FDA, S Reg Lab, Atlanta, GA 30309 USA. [Khristova, Marina; Tang, Kevin; Sulaiman, Nikhat] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Biotechnol Core Facil Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Sulaiman, IM (reprint author), US FDA, S Reg Lab, 60 8th St NE, Atlanta, GA 30309 USA. EM irshad.sulaiman@fda.hhs.gov FU Biotechnology Core Facility Branch, CDC; Division of Field Sciences (DFS) of the FDA; DFS Challenge Initiative FX The authors thank Dr. Roberto M. Pereira, Urban Entomology Laboratory, Entomology and Nematology Department, University of Florida, for providing the specimens used in this study, and Dr. Jan Pohl, Biotechnology Core Facility Branch, CDC, for his support. The authors also thank Dr. Kathy Kellar, Division of Scientific Resources, CDC, for her comments on this manuscript. This study was supported in part by funding from the Division of Field Sciences (DFS) of the FDA; Dr. Irshad M. Sulaiman is Principal Investigator of the DFS Challenge Initiative Program grant. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 57 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 12 PU INT ASSOC FOOD PROTECTION PI DES MOINES PA 6200 AURORA AVE SUITE 200W, DES MOINES, IA 50322-2863 USA SN 0362-028X J9 J FOOD PROTECT JI J. Food Prot. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 74 IS 11 BP 1883 EP 1890 DI 10.4315/0362-028X.JFP-11-242 PG 8 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology GA 844OL UT WOS:000296756800012 PM 22054189 ER PT J AU Fox, DA Hamilton, WR Johnson, JE Xiao, WM Chaney, S Mukherjee, S Miller, DB O'Callaghan, JP AF Fox, Donald A. Hamilton, W. Ryan Johnson, Jerry E. Xiao, Weimin Chaney, Shawntay Mukherjee, Shradha Miller, Diane B. O'Callaghan, James P. TI Gestational lead exposure selectively decreases retinal dopamine amacrine cells and dopamine content in adult mice SO TOXICOLOGY AND APPLIED PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Lead; Gestational exposure; Retina; Amacrine cells; Dopamine; Cell loss ID B-WAVE AMPLITUDES; TYROSINE-HYDROXYLASE ACTIVITY; MOUSE RETINA; PARKINSONS-DISEASE; SUPERIOR COLLICULUS; GENE-EXPRESSION; GANGLION-CELLS; BLOOD LEAD; RAT-BRAIN; IN-VITRO AB Gestational lead exposure (GLE) produces supernormal scotopic electroretinograms (ERG) in children, monkeys and rats, and a novel retinal phenotype characterized by an increased number of rod photoreceptors and bipolar cells in adult mice and rats. Since the loss of dopaminergic amacrine cells (DA ACs) in GLE monkeys and rats contributes to supernormal ERGs, the retinal DA system was analyzed in mice following GLE. C57BL/6 female mice were exposed to low (27 ppm), moderate (55 ppm) or high (109 ppm) lead throughout gestation and until postnatal day 10 (PN10). Blood [Pb] in control, low-, moderate- and high-dose GLE was, <= 1, <= 10, similar to 25 and similar to 40 mu g/dL, respectively, on PN10 and by PN30 all were <= 1 mu g/dL. At PN60, confocal-stereology studies used vertical sections and wholemounts to characterize tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) expression and the number of DA and other ACs. GLE dose-dependently and selectively decreased the number of TH-immunoreactive (IR) DA ACs and their synaptic plexus without affecting GABAergic, glycinergic or cholinergic ACs. lmmunoblots and confocal revealed dose-dependent decreases in retinal TH protein expression and content, although monoamine oxidase-A protein and gene expression were unchanged. High-pressure liquid chromatography showed that GLE dose-dependently decreased retinal DA content, its metabolites and DA utilization/release. The mechanism of DA selective vulnerability is unknown. However, a GLE-induced loss/dysfunction of DA ACs during development could increase the number of rods and bipolar cells since DA helps regulate neuronal proliferation, whereas during adulthood it could produce ERG supernormality as well as altered circadian rhythms, dark/light adaptation and spatial contrast sensitivity. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Fox, Donald A.; Xiao, Weimin] Univ Houston, Coll Optometry, Houston, TX 77204 USA. [Fox, Donald A.; Hamilton, W. Ryan; Chaney, Shawntay; Mukherjee, Shradha] Univ Houston, Dept Biol & Biochem, Houston, TX 77204 USA. [Fox, Donald A.] Univ Houston, Dept Pharmacol & Pharmaceut Sci, Houston, TX 77204 USA. [Johnson, Jerry E.] Univ Houston Downtown, Dept Nat Sci, Houston, TX USA. [Miller, Diane B.; O'Callaghan, James P.] NIOSH, Toxicol & Mol Biol Branch, Hlth Effects Res Lab, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Morgantown, WV USA. RP Fox, DA (reprint author), Univ Houston, Coll Optometry, 4901 Calhoun Rd, Houston, TX 77204 USA. EM dafox@uh.edu RI O'Callaghan, James/O-2958-2013 FU NIH [ES012482, EY07551, EY07024]; CDC-NIOSH FX This research was funded in part by NIH Grants ES012482, EY07551 and EY07024 as well as CDC-NIOSH intramural research funds. We thank Dr. Douglas McMahon for the TH::RFP mice and Xin Wang for technical assistance. NR 69 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0041-008X J9 TOXICOL APPL PHARM JI Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. PD NOV 1 PY 2011 VL 256 IS 3 SI SI BP 258 EP 267 DI 10.1016/j.taap.2011.05.021 PG 10 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 850GX UT WOS:000297184200006 PM 21703292 ER PT J AU Reidy, DE Shelley-Tremblay, JF Lilienfeld, SO AF Reidy, Dennis E. Shelley-Tremblay, John F. Lilienfeld, Scott O. TI Psychopathy, reactive aggression, and precarious proclamations: A review of behavioral, cognitive, and biological research SO AGGRESSION AND VIOLENT BEHAVIOR LA English DT Review DE Psychopathy; Reactive aggression; Violence; Antisocial behavior; Psychobiology ID CALLOUS-UNEMOTIONAL TRAITS; VENTROMEDIAL PREFRONTAL CORTEX; NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL TEST FINDINGS; POSITRON-EMISSION-TOMOGRAPHY; CONDUCT PROBLEMS; CRIMINAL PSYCHOPATHS; PERSONALITY-TRAITS; PROACTIVE AGGRESSION; ANTISOCIAL-BEHAVIOR; SELF-REPORT AB Psychopathic personality (psychopathy) is associated with a heightened risk for physical aggression, although the nature of this link remains unclear. Despite widespread claims that psychopathy is associated with reactive aggression, the evidence for this assertion is mixed. We provide a comprehensive review of behavioral, cognitive, and biological research on the relation between psychopathy and aggression, and conclude that although psychopathy is clearly associated with instrumental aggression, its association with reactive aggression is not robust. In fact, at least some research points to a potential protective role of psychopathy against reactive aggression. We conclude that future research must clarify the differential implications of the separable components of the broad psychopathy construct before the relations between psychopathy and physical aggression can be adequately understood. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Reidy, Dennis E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Violence Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Shelley-Tremblay, John F.] Univ S Alabama, Mobile, AL 36688 USA. [Lilienfeld, Scott O.] Emory Univ, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Reidy, Dennis E.] Univ Georgia, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Reidy, DE (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Violence Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. EM dreidy@cdc.gov OI Shelley-Tremblay, John/0000-0002-5853-1010 NR 184 TC 34 Z9 35 U1 7 U2 40 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-1789 J9 AGGRESS VIOLENT BEH JI Aggress. Violent Behav. PD NOV-DEC PY 2011 VL 16 IS 6 BP 512 EP 524 DI 10.1016/j.avb.2011.06.002 PG 13 WC Criminology & Penology; Psychology, Multidisciplinary SC Criminology & Penology; Psychology GA 848WN UT WOS:000297085900007 ER PT J AU Mathias, PI Cheever, KL AF Mathias, Patricia I. Cheever, Kenneth L. TI Evaluation of Surface-Enhanced Laser Desorption Time-of-Flight Mass Spectroscopy in the Development of Biomarkers of Occupational Acrylamide Exposure SO AMERICAN LABORATORY LA English DT Article C1 [Mathias, Patricia I.; Cheever, Kenneth L.] NIOSH, US Dept Hlth & Human Serv,Robert A Taft Labs, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent,Assessment Branch, Div Appl Sci & Technol Biomonitoring & Hlth, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. RP Mathias, PI (reprint author), NIOSH, US Dept Hlth & Human Serv,Robert A Taft Labs, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent,Assessment Branch, Div Appl Sci & Technol Biomonitoring & Hlth, 4676 Columbia Pkwy, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM pmathias@cdc.gov NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER LABORATORY-LABCOMPARE PI SHELTON PA 30 CONTROLS DRIVE, SHELTON, CT 06484 USA SN 0044-7749 J9 AM LAB JI Am. Lab. PD NOV-DEC PY 2011 VL 43 IS 11 BP 34 EP + PG 5 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Chemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation GA 849SA UT WOS:000297144200007 ER PT J AU Birch, ME Ku, BK Evans, DE Ruda-Eberenz, TA AF Birch, M. Eileen Ku, Bon-Ki Evans, Douglas E. Ruda-Eberenz, Toni A. TI Exposure and Emissions Monitoring during Carbon Nanofiber Production-Part I: Elemental Carbon and Iron-Soot Aerosols SO ANNALS OF OCCUPATIONAL HYGIENE LA English DT Article DE carbon nanofiber; elemental carbon; nanomaterial; nanotube; occupational exposure; ultrafine ID SURFACE-AREA; OXIDATIVE STRESS; NANOTUBE ARRAYS; PORE STRUCTURE; ADSORPTION; PARTICLES; ASSOCIATION; MORTALITY; SIZE AB Production of carbon nanofibers and nanotubes (CNFs/CNTs) and their composite products is increasing globally. High volume production may increase the exposure risks for workers who handle these materials. Though health effects data for CNFs/CNTs are limited, some studies raise serious health concerns. Given the uncertainty about their potential hazards, there is an immediate need for toxicity data and field studies to assess exposure to CNFs/CNTs. An extensive study was conducted at a facility that manufactures and processes CNFs. Filter, sorbent, cascade impactor, bulk, and microscopy samples, combined with direct-reading instruments, provided complementary information on air contaminants. Samples were analyzed for organic carbon (OC) and elemental carbon (EC), metals, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), with EC as a measure of CNFs. Transmission electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy also was applied. Fine/ultrafine iron-rich soot, PAHs, and carbon monoxide were production byproducts. Direct-reading instrument results were reported previously [Evans DE et al. (Aerosol monitoring during carbon nanofiber production: mobile direct-reading sampling. Ann Occup Hyg 2010;54:514-31.)] Results for time-integrated samples are reported as companion papers in this Issue. OC and EC, metals, and microscopy results are reported here, in Part I, while results for PAHs are reported in Part II [Birch ME. (Exposure and Emissions Monitoring during Carbon Nanofiber Production-Part II: Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons. Ann. Occup. Hyg 2011; 55: 1037-47.)]. Respirable EC area concentrations inside the facility were about 6-68 times higher than outdoors, while personal breathing zone samples were up to 170 times higher. C1 [Birch, M. Eileen; Ku, Bon-Ki; Evans, Douglas E.; Ruda-Eberenz, Toni A.] NIOSH, Div Appl Res & Technol, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. RP Birch, ME (reprint author), NIOSH, Div Appl Res & Technol, 4676 Columbia Pkwy,MS R5, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM mib2@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 54 TC 45 Z9 47 U1 0 U2 29 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0003-4878 EI 1475-3162 J9 ANN OCCUP HYG JI Ann. Occup. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 55 IS 9 BP 1016 EP 1036 DI 10.1093/annhyg/mer073 PG 21 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 846TG UT WOS:000296925500007 PM 21965464 ER PT J AU Birch, ME AF Birch, M. Eileen TI Exposure and Emissions Monitoring during Carbon Nanofiber Production-Part II: Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons SO ANNALS OF OCCUPATIONAL HYGIENE LA English DT Article DE carbon nanofiber; nanomaterial; nanotube; occupational exposure; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon; ultrafine aerosol ID DNA-ADDUCTS; OCCUPATIONAL-EXPOSURE; RISK-ASSESSMENT; MOUSE SKIN; PAHS; IDENTIFICATION; BIOMARKERS; NANOTUBES; AEROSOLS; AIR AB Production of carbon nanofibers and nanotubes (CNFs/CNTs) and their composite products is increasing globally. High-volume production may increase the exposure risks for workers who handle these materials. Though health effects data for CNFs/CNTs are limited, some studies raise serious health concerns. Given the uncertainty about their potential hazards, there is an immediate need for toxicity data and field studies to assess exposure to CNFs/CNTs. An extensive study was conducted at a facility that manufactures and processes CNFs. Filter, sorbent, cascade impactor, bulk, and microscopy samples, combined with direct-reading instruments, provided complementary information on air contaminants. Samples were analyzed for organic and elemental carbon (OC and EC), metals, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), with EC as a measure of CNFs. Transmission electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy also was applied. Fine/ultrafine iron-rich soot, PAHs, and carbon monoxide were production byproducts. Direct-reading instrument results were reported previously [Evans DE et al. (Aerosol monitoring during carbon nanofiber production: mobile direct-reading sampling. Ann Occup Hyg 2010; 54:514-31)]. Results for time-integrated samples are reported as companion papers in this issue. OC and EC, metals, and microscopy results are reported in Part I [Birch ME et al. (Exposure and emissions monitoring during carbon nanofiber production-Part I: elemental carbon and iron-soot aerosols. Ann Occup Hyg 2011; 55: 1016-36.)] whereas results for PAHs are reported here. Naphthalene and acenaphthylene were the dominant PAHs with average concentrations ranging from 115 to 336 mu g m(-3) and 35 to 84 mu g m(-3), respectively. Concentrations of other PAHs ranged from similar to 1 to 10 mu g m(-3). C1 NIOSH, Div Appl Res & Technol, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. RP Birch, ME (reprint author), NIOSH, Div Appl Res & Technol, 4676 Columbia Pkwy,MS R7, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM mib2@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 47 TC 7 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 15 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0003-4878 EI 1475-3162 J9 ANN OCCUP HYG JI Ann. Occup. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 55 IS 9 BP 1037 EP 1047 DI 10.1093/annhyg/mer070 PG 11 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 846TG UT WOS:000296925500008 PM 21976308 ER PT J AU Lin, H Shin, S Blaya, JA Zhang, Z Cegielski, P Contreras, C Asencios, L Bonilla, C Bayona, J Paciorek, CJ Cohen, T AF Lin, H. Shin, S. Blaya, J. A. Zhang, Z. Cegielski, P. Contreras, C. Asencios, L. Bonilla, C. Bayona, J. Paciorek, C. J. Cohen, T. TI Assessing spatiotemporal patterns of multidrug-resistant and drug-sensitive tuberculosis in a South American setting SO EPIDEMIOLOGY AND INFECTION LA English DT Article DE Geographic information systems; multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR TB); Peru; tuberculosis; spatial analysis ID MYCOBACTERIUM-TUBERCULOSIS; SPATIAL-RESOLUTION; TRANSMISSION; AFRICA; PERU AB We examined the spatiotemporal distribution of laboratory-confirmed multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR TB) cases and that of other TB cases in Lima, Peru with the aim of identifying mechanisms responsible for the rise of MDR TB in an urban setting. All incident cases of TB in two districts of Lima, Peru during 2005-2007 were included. The spatiotemporal distributions of MDR cases and other TB cases were compared with Ripley's K statistic. Of 11 711 notified cases, 1187 received drug susceptibility testing and 376 were found to be MDR. Spatial aggregation of patients with confirmed MDR disease appeared similar to that of other patients in 2005 and 2006; however, in 2007, cases with confirmed MDR disease were found to be more tightly grouped. Subgroup analysis suggests the appearance of resistance may be driven by increased transmission. Interventions should aim to reduce the infectious duration for those with drug-resistant disease and improve infection control. C1 [Lin, H.; Shin, S.; Zhang, Z.; Bayona, J.; Cohen, T.] Brigham & Womens Hosp, Div Global Hlth Equ, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Lin, H.] Mennonite Christian Hosp, Dept Community Hlth, Hualien, Taiwan. [Lin, H.] Natl Taiwan Univ, Inst Epidemiol & Prevent Med, Taipei, Taiwan. [Shin, S.] Brigham & Womens Hosp, Div Infect Dis, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Shin, S.; Blaya, J. A.] Partners Hlth, Boston, MA USA. [Blaya, J. A.] Brigham & Womens Hosp, Decis Syst Grp, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Cegielski, P.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, Atlanta, GA USA. [Contreras, C.; Bayona, J.] Socios Salud Sucursal Peru, Lima, Peru. [Asencios, L.] Inst Nacl Salud, Lima, Peru. [Bayona, J.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Social Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Paciorek, C. J.] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Biostat, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Paciorek, C. J.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Stat, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Cohen, T.] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. RP Cohen, T (reprint author), 641 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02115 USA. EM tcohen@hsph.harvard.edu OI LIN, HSIEN-HO/0000-0002-7481-6016 FU Socios En Salud Sucursal Peru; Harvard Catalyst Pilot Grant; NIH [UL1 RR025758, U19 A1076217, U54 GM088558]; NIAID [K23 AI054591-01]; Heiser Foundation; Infectious Diseases Society of America FX We gratefully acknowledge the support of Socios En Salud Sucursal Peru, which was essential for this study. We thank Jeff Blossom for advice on the use of geographic information systems. We also thank the participating health establishments and their personnel for their contribution.; H.L. was supported by a Harvard Catalyst Pilot Grant funded through NIH UL1 RR025758. S. S. was supported by NIAID K23 AI054591-01, Heiser Foundation, and Infectious Diseases Society of America. J.A.B. was supported by an NIH National Research Service Award. T. C. was supported by NIH U19 A1076217 and NIH U54 GM088558. NR 26 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 8 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0950-2688 J9 EPIDEMIOL INFECT JI Epidemiol. Infect. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 139 IS 11 BP 1784 EP 1793 DI 10.1017/S0950268810002797 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 840GV UT WOS:000296428300018 PM 21205434 ER PT J AU Sun, AM De la Cruz, J Ganesh, T Taylor, A Diebold, B Smith, SME Zhu, YR McCoy, J Gangappa, S Lambeth, JD AF Sun, Aiming De la Cruz, Juan Ganesh, Thota Taylor, Andrew Diebold, Becky Smith, Susan M. E. Zhu, Yerun McCoy, James Gangappa, Shivaprakash Lambeth, J. Dave TI Identification and Characterization of Novel NADPH Oxidase Inhibitors for Suppression of Influenza a virus-induced Lung Inflammation SO FREE RADICAL BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 18th Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Free-Radical-Biology-and-Medicine (SFRBM) CY NOV 16-20, 2011 CL Atlanta, GA SP Soc Free Rad Biol & Med (SFRBM) C1 [Sun, Aiming; Ganesh, Thota] Emory Univ, Emory Inst Drug Discovery, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [De la Cruz, Juan; Taylor, Andrew; Gangappa, Shivaprakash] Emory Univ, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Diebold, Becky; Smith, Susan M. E.; Zhu, Yerun; McCoy, James; Lambeth, J. Dave] Emory Univ, Dept Pathol, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0891-5849 J9 FREE RADICAL BIO MED JI Free Radic. Biol. Med. PD NOV 1 PY 2011 VL 51 SU 1 BP S108 EP S108 DI 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2011.10.383 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 848FS UT WOS:000297036600277 ER PT J AU Romero, EC Blanco, RM Galloway, RL AF Romero, E. C. Blanco, R. M. Galloway, R. L. TI Analysis of Multilocus Sequence Typing for Identification of Leptospira Isolates in Brazil SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID FAMILY LEPTOSPIRACEAE; RAPID IDENTIFICATION; CAMPYLOBACTER-JEJUNI; SAO-PAULO; INTERROGANS; OUTBREAK; RELATEDNESS; SEROVARS; PCR; SEROGROUPS AB A collection of 101 Leptospira isolates was tested by multilocus sequence typing (MLST) and by traditional serotyping. MLST divided the isolates into 4 sequence types (STs), while serotyping classified them into 6 serogroups. Two isolates failed to generate products for some genes by MLST. MLST was less discriminatory than serotyping for uncommonly occurring isolates from humans in Brazil. C1 [Galloway, R. L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Bacterial Special Pathogens Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Romero, E. C.; Blanco, R. M.] Adolfo Lutz Inst, Ctr Bacteriol, Sao Paulo, Brazil. RP Galloway, RL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Bacterial Special Pathogens Branch, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS G-34, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM Rgalloway@cdc.gov RI Romero, Eliete/H-6976-2012 OI Romero, Eliete/0000-0002-8635-439X FU Fogarty International Center from the National Institutes of Health [5D43TW006592]; Wellcome Trust FX This work was supported in part by a Fogarty International Center Global Infectious Diseases Research Training Programme grant from the National Institutes of Health to the University of Pittsburgh (5D43TW006592).; We acknowledge the use of the Leptospira MLST database, which is located at Imperial College London and is funded by the Wellcome Trust. We thank Alex Hoffmaster for critical reviewing of the manuscript. NR 31 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 49 IS 11 BP 3940 EP 3942 DI 10.1128/JCM.01119-11 PG 3 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 842RM UT WOS:000296617300036 PM 21880969 ER PT J AU Pillay, A Chen, CY Reynolds, MG Mombouli, JV Castro, AC Louvouezo, D Steiner, B Ballard, RC AF Pillay, Allan Chen, Cheng-Yen Reynolds, Mary G. Mombouli, Jean V. Castro, Arnold C. Louvouezo, Davy Steiner, Bret Ballard, Ronald C. TI Laboratory-Confirmed Case of Yaws in a 10-Year-Old Boy from the Republic of the Congo SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID TREPONEMA-PALLIDUM; MONKEYPOX; SYPHILIS; VIRUS AB We report a case of yaws in a patient with puritic cutaneous eruption who was initially suspected of infection with monkeypox. The diagnosis was established by real-time PCR and sequencing of specific treponemal DNA sequences. This is the first report describing the use of DNA sequencing to identify Treponema pallidum subsp. pertenue-specific sequences in a patient with active yaws. C1 [Pillay, Allan; Chen, Cheng-Yen; Castro, Arnold C.; Steiner, Bret; Ballard, Ronald C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Lab Reference & Res Branch, Div Sexually Transmitted Dis Prevent, NCHHSTP, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Reynolds, Mary G.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Poxvirus & Rabies Branch, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Mombouli, Jean V.] Natl Lab, Virol Sect, Brazzaville, Congo. [Louvouezo, Davy] Med Afrique, Brazzaville, Congo. RP Pillay, A (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Lab Reference & Res Branch, Div Sexually Transmitted Dis Prevent, NCHHSTP, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS-A12, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM apillay@cdc.gov NR 12 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 49 IS 11 BP 4013 EP 4015 DI 10.1128/JCM.01121-11 PG 3 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 842RM UT WOS:000296617300055 PM 21918034 ER PT J AU Bastien, N Gubbay, JB Richardson, D Sleeman, K Gubareva, L Li, Y AF Bastien, Nathalie Gubbay, Jonathan B. Richardson, David Sleeman, Katrina Gubareva, Larisa Li, Yan TI Detection of an Influenza B Virus Strain with Reduced Susceptibility to Neuraminidase Inhibitor Drugs SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Letter ID 4-GUANIDINO-NEU5AC2EN; SEQUENCE C1 [Bastien, Nathalie] Publ Hlth Agcy Canada, Natl Microbiol Lab, Winnipeg, MB, Canada. [Gubbay, Jonathan B.] Ontario Agcy Hlth Protect & Promot, Publ Hlth Labs, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Richardson, David] William Osler Hlth Syst, Brampton, ON, Canada. [Sleeman, Katrina; Gubareva, Larisa] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Li, Yan] Canadian Sci Ctr Human & Anim Hlth, Natl Microbiol Lab, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3R2, Canada. RP Bastien, N (reprint author), Publ Hlth Agcy Canada, Natl Microbiol Lab, Winnipeg, MB, Canada. EM yan.li@phac-aspc.gc.ca NR 7 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 49 IS 11 BP 4020 EP 4021 DI 10.1128/JCM.05069-11 PG 2 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 842RM UT WOS:000296617300058 PM 21900523 ER PT J AU Somers, G Brown, JE Barrera, R Powell, JR AF Somers, Gerard Brown, Julia E. Barrera, Roberto Powell, Jeffrey R. TI Genetics and Morphology of Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae) in Septic Tanks in Puerto Rico SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Aedes aegypti; Puerto Rico; septic tanks; microsatellites; body size ID CULEX-QUINQUEFASCIATUS; MICROSATELLITE MARKERS; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; LARVAL HABITATS; DENGUE VECTOR; BODY-SIZE; DIFFERENTIATION; TRANSMISSION; PRODUCTIVITY; RAREFACTION AB Dengue viruses, primarily transmitted by the mosquito Aedes aegypti (L.), affect an estimated 50-100 million people yearly. Traditional approaches to control mosquito population numbers, such as the use of pesticides, have had only limited success. Atypical mosquito behavior may be one reason why current vector control efforts have been less efficacious than expected. In Puerto Rico, for example, adult Ae. aegypti have been observed emerging from septic tanks. Interestingly, adults emerging from septic tanks are larger on average than adults collected from surface containers. To determine whether adults colonizing septic tanks constitute a separate Ae. aegypti population, we used 12 previously validated microsatellite loci to examine adult mosquitoes collected from both septic tanks and surface containers, but found no evidence to suggest genetic differentiation. Size differences between septic tank and surface mosquitoes were reduced when nutrient levels were held constant across experimental groups. Despite the absence of evidence suggesting a genetic difference between experimental groups in this study, Ae. aegypti emerging from septic tanks may still represent a more dangerous phenotype and should be given special consideration when developing vector control programs and designing public health interventions in the future. C1 [Somers, Gerard; Brown, Julia E.; Powell, Jeffrey R.] Yale Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Barrera, Roberto] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Dengue Branch, San Juan, PR 00920 USA. RP Somers, G (reprint author), Yale Univ, Dept Ecol & Evolutionary Biol, POB 208106,165 Prospect St, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. EM jeffrey.powell@yale.edu FU Yale Global Health Initiative; NIH [T32 GM007499]; Yale Institute for Biospheric Studies (YIBS), Center for Field Ecology; National Institutes of Health [(RO1) AI046018] FX We would like to acknowledge Manuel Amador, Jesus Flores, Jose Gonzalez, and Orlando Gonzalez for the many hours of field support provided. We also thank Maria Diuk-Wasser for the helpful suggestions and assistance given. Finally, we thank the residents of the municipality of Patillas for their hospitality and cooperation while conducting this study. This research was supported by a Yale Global Health Initiative Field Experience Award (CS.), NIH predoctoral Genetics training grant T32 GM007499 (J.E.B.), Yale Institute for Biospheric Studies (YIBS), Center for Field Ecology pilot grant (J.E.B.), and by grant (RO1) AI046018 from the National Institutes of Health (J.R.P.). NR 39 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 5 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0022-2585 J9 J MED ENTOMOL JI J. Med. Entomol. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 48 IS 6 BP 1095 EP 1102 DI 10.1603/ME11129 PG 8 WC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences SC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences GA 849QK UT WOS:000297140000001 PM 22238867 ER PT J AU Foppa, IM Moore, J Caillouet, KA Wesson, DM AF Foppa, Ivo M. Moore, Jerrilynn Caillouet, Kevin A. Wesson, Dawn M. TI Disproportionate Mosquito Feeding on Aggregated Hosts SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE mosquito-borne disease transmission; per-capita feeding rate; transmission dynamics; host aggregation ID TRANSMISSION AB Despite the importance of per-capita feeding rates for mosquito-borne transmission dynamics, the relationship between host aggregation and per-capita feeding rates remains poorly characterized. We conducted indoor experiments to investigate how Culex quinquefasciatus (Say) mosquitoes distribute their blood feeding on variably aggregated domestic chickens (Gallus gallus domesticus L.) (one chicken vs. a flock of seven to nine birds). Mosquitoes were always more likely to feed on the larger chicken group; yet, the single chicken tended to be fed on at a higher per-capita rate. When 10 chickens were available the feeding intensity was 4.5 times higher for the single chicken compared with the flock. We conclude that more highly aggregated hosts may experience lower exposure to mosquito bites than less aggregated hosts. C1 [Foppa, Ivo M.] Tulane Univ, Sch Publ Hlth & Trop Med, Dept Epidemiol, New Orleans, LA 70112 USA. [Moore, Jerrilynn; Caillouet, Kevin A.; Wesson, Dawn M.] Tulane Univ, Sch Publ Hlth & Trop Med, Dept Trop Med, New Orleans, LA 70112 USA. [Caillouet, Kevin A.] Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Dept Biostat, Richmond, VA 23298 USA. RP Foppa, IM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis OID ID, Epidemiol & Prevent Branch, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM ivo.foppa@gmail.com FU Tulane Research Enhancement Phase II grant FX We thank Erin Cloherty, Courtney Standlee, Ian Mendenhal, and Mark Rider for their help conducting the experiments. Tara Ooms and Lynell Dupepe were instrumental in helping us work out challenges associated with the use of chickens. We are also grateful to a reviewer's comments, which helped improve the manuscript. The project was supported by a Tulane Research Enhancement Phase II grant. NR 10 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 4 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0022-2585 J9 J MED ENTOMOL JI J. Med. Entomol. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 48 IS 6 BP 1210 EP 1213 DI 10.1603/ME11007 PG 4 WC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences SC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences GA 849QK UT WOS:000297140000015 PM 22238881 ER PT J AU Billeter, SA Caceres, AG Gonzales-Hidalgo, J Luna-Caypo, D Kosoy, MY AF Billeter, Sarah A. Caceres, Abraham G. Gonzales-Hidalgo, James Luna-Caypo, Deysi Kosoy, Michael Y. TI Molecular Detection of Bartonella Species in Ticks From Peru SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Bartonella; Peru; Rhipicephalus sanguineus; Dermacentor; tick ID VINSONII SUBSP BERKHOFFII; HENSELAE; FLEAS; SPP.; TRANSMISSION; COINFECTION; ROCHALIMAE; PREVALENCE; BACTEREMIA; PATHOGENS AB A total of 103 ticks, collected from canines, horses, donkeys, and snakes from Peru, were screened for the presence of Bartonella DNA by polymerase chain reaction analysis. Bartonella DNA was detected in two ticks using Bartonella 16S-23S intergenic spacer region primers and in an additional two ticks using Bartonella NADH dehydrogenase gamma subunit gene (nuoG) primers. Bartonella rochalimae Eremeeva et al., B. quintana Schmincke, and B. elizabethae Daly et al. DNA was detected in a Rhipicephalus sanguineus Latreille (Acari: Ixodidae) female tick removed from a dog and B. quintana DNA was present in a Dermacentor nitens Neumann (Acari: Ixodidae) pool of five larvae, one nymph, and one adult male tick collected from donkeys. This is the first study to report the detection of B. rochalimae, B. quintana, and B. elizabethae DNA in ticks from Peru. Further investigations must be performed to decipher the role ticks may play in the transmission of Bartonella species. C1 [Billeter, Sarah A.; Kosoy, Michael Y.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Caceres, Abraham G.; Gonzales-Hidalgo, James] Univ Nacl Mayor San Marcos, Fac Med, Secc Entomol, Inst Med Trop Daniel A Carrion, Lima 14, Peru. [Caceres, Abraham G.] Inst Nacl Salud, Entomol Lab, Lima, Peru. [Luna-Caypo, Deysi] DIRESA, Direcc Sub Reg Salud Cutervo, Cajamarca, Peru. RP Kosoy, MY (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, Ft Collins, CO USA. EM MKosoy@cdc.gov NR 26 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 3 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0022-2585 J9 J MED ENTOMOL JI J. Med. Entomol. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 48 IS 6 BP 1257 EP 1260 DI 10.1603/ME10240 PG 4 WC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences SC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences GA 849QK UT WOS:000297140000022 PM 22238888 ER PT J AU Johnson, KJ Gallagher, NM Mintz, ED Newton, AE Brunette, GW Kozarsky, PE AF Johnson, Katherine J. Gallagher, Nancy M. Mintz, Eric D. Newton, Anna E. Brunette, Gary W. Kozarsky, Phyllis E. TI From the CDC: New Country-Specific Recommendations for Pre-Travel Typhoid Vaccination SO JOURNAL OF TRAVEL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID FEVER; VACCINES; NEED AB Typhoid fever continues to be an important concern for travelers visiting many parts of the world. This communication provides updated guidance for pre-travel typhoid vaccination from the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and describes the methodology for assigning country-specific recommendations. C1 [Johnson, Katherine J.; Gallagher, Nancy M.; Brunette, Gary W.; Kozarsky, Phyllis E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Travelers Hlth Branch, Div Global Migrat & Quarantine, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Mintz, Eric D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Waterborne Dis Prevent Branch, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Newton, Anna E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Enter Dis Epidemiol Branch, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Newton, Anna E.] Atlanta Res & Educ Fdn Inc, Decatur, GA USA. RP Johnson, KJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Travelers Hlth Branch, Div Global Migrat & Quarantine, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS E-03, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM kjjohnson@cdc.gov NR 12 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1195-1982 J9 J TRAVEL MED JI J. Travel Med. PD NOV-DEC PY 2011 VL 18 IS 6 BP 430 EP 433 DI 10.1111/j.1708-8305.2011.00563.x PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 849AT UT WOS:000297097700015 PM 22017724 ER PT J AU Dorell, CG Yankey, D Santibanez, TA Markowitz, LE AF Dorell, Christina G. Yankey, David Santibanez, Tammy A. Markowitz, Lauri E. TI Human Papillomavirus Vaccination Series Initiation and Completion, 2008-2009 SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE immunization; human papillomavirus vaccine; adolescents; girls; patient compliance; cancer vaccines; medical home; access to health care ID ADOLESCENT IMMUNIZATIONS; ADVISORY-COMMITTEE; HEALTH-INSURANCE; MEDICAL HOME; COVERAGE; CHILDREN; VACCINES; CARE; RECOMMENDATIONS; AREA AB OBJECTIVE: The goal was to describe factors associated with human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination series initiation (>= 1 dose) and completion (>= 3 doses) and parents' intent to have their daughters vaccinated. METHODS: Data from the 2008 and 2009 National Immunization Survey-Teen were analyzed to estimate HPV vaccination coverage among girls 13 to 17 years of age (N = 18 228) and to examine associations of vaccination coverage with demographic characteristics. RESULTS: Overall, 40.5% of girls had received >= 1 HPV vaccine dose, and 53.3% of those girls completed the series. Factors independently associated with vaccination initiation included older age, having an 11- to 12-year preventive visit, insurance status, mother's age and marital status, not receiving all vaccines at public facilities, and provider recommendation, which was the factor most strongly associated with initiation (prevalence ratio: 2.6 [95% confidence interval: 2.4-2.9]). Compared with white girls (60.4%), black (46.0%) and Hispanic (40.3%) girls were less likely to complete the series. Lack of knowledge of the vaccine (19.4%), vaccination was not needed (18.8%), the daughter was not sexually active (18.3%), and a provider did not recommend (13.1%) were the most common reasons for parents' nonintent to have their daughters vaccinated. CONCLUSIONS: Although HPV vaccine coverage rates are increasing, they are still below target levels. Recommendations by providers to adolescent patients and parents likely would improve vaccine uptake. Parental education regarding disease risks and benefits of HPV vaccination before exposure is needed to promote vaccine uptake. Pediatrics 2011;128:830-839 C1 [Dorell, Christina G.; Yankey, David; Santibanez, Tammy A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Immunizat Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Markowitz, Lauri E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sexually Transmitted Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Dorell, CG (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Immunizat Serv, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mail Stop A19, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM cdorell@cdc.gov NR 37 TC 94 Z9 94 U1 3 U2 8 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD NOV PY 2011 VL 128 IS 5 BP 830 EP 839 DI 10.1542/peds.2011-0950 PG 10 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 843YO UT WOS:000296714000049 PM 22007006 ER PT J AU Braun, JM Kalkbrenner, AE Calafat, AM Yolton, K Ye, XY Dietrich, KN Lanphear, BP AF Braun, Joe M. Kalkbrenner, Amy E. Calafat, Antonia M. Yolton, Kimberly Ye, Xiaoyun Dietrich, Kim N. Lanphear, Bruce P. TI Impact of Early-Life Bisphenol A Exposure on Behavior and Executive Function in Children SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder; child behavior; endocrine disruptors; prospective study ID ATTENTION-DEFICIT/HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER; URINARY CONCENTRATIONS; PHTHALATE METABOLITES; TEMPORAL VARIABILITY; CHILDHOOD BEHAVIOR; MECHANISMS; HEALTH; PREDICTORS; INVENTORY; TOXICITY AB OBJECTIVES: To estimate the impact of gestational and childhood bisphenol A (BPA) exposures on behavior and executive function at 3 years of age and to determine whether child gender modified those associations. METHODS: We used a prospective birth cohort of 244 mothers and their 3-year-old children from the greater Cincinnati, Ohio, area. We characterized gestational and childhood BPA exposures by using the mean BPA concentrations in maternal (16 and 26 weeks of gestation and birth) and child (1, 2, and 3 years of age) urine samples, respectively. Behavior and executive function were measured by using the Behavior Assessment System for Children 2 (BASC-2) and the Behavior Rating Inventory of Executive Function-Preschool (BRIEF-P). RESULTS: BPA was detected in >97% of the gestational (median: 2.0 mu g/L) and childhood (median: 4.1 mu g/L) urine samples. With adjustment for confounders, each 10-fold increase in gestational BPA concentrations was associated with more anxious and depressed behavior on the BASC-2 and poorer emotional control and inhibition on the BRIEF-P. The magnitude of the gestational BPA associations differed according to child gender; BASC-2 and BRIEF-P scores increased 9 to 12 points among girls, but changes were null or negative among boys. Associations between childhood BPA exposure and neurobehavior were largely null and not modified by child gender. CONCLUSIONS: In this study, gestational BPA exposure affected behavioral and emotional regulation domains at 3 years of age, especially among girls. Clinicians may advise concerned patients to reduce their exposure to certain consumer products, but the benefits of such reductions are unclear. Pediatrics 2011;128:873-882 C1 [Braun, Joe M.] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth, Boston, MA 02130 USA. [Kalkbrenner, Amy E.] Univ N Carolina, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Calafat, Antonia M.; Ye, Xiaoyun] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Yolton, Kimberly; Lanphear, Bruce P.] Cincinnati Childrens Hosp, Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Dietrich, Kim N.] Univ Cincinnati, Coll Med, Dept Environm Hlth, Cincinnati, OH 45267 USA. [Lanphear, Bruce P.] Simon Fraser Univ, Child & Family Res Inst, British Columbia Childrens Hosp, Vancouver, BC, Canada. [Lanphear, Bruce P.] Simon Fraser Univ, Fac Hlth Sci, Vancouver, BC, Canada. RP Braun, JM (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth, 3rd Floor E,401 Pk Dr, Boston, MA 02130 USA. EM jbraun@hsph.harvard.edu RI Braun, Joseph/H-8649-2014 FU National Institutes of Health (NIH); Children's Environmental Health Center from the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences; US Environmental Protection Agency [PO1 ES11261]; National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [T32 ES007018, T32ES007069] FX Funded by the National Institutes of Health (NIH).; This study was funded in part by a Children's Environmental Health Center Grant from the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences and the US Environmental Protection Agency (grant PO1 ES11261). Additional funding came from National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences training grants T32 ES007018 and T32ES007069. The funders had no role in the study design, data collection or analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 54 TC 192 Z9 198 U1 6 U2 69 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD NOV PY 2011 VL 128 IS 5 BP 873 EP 882 DI 10.1542/peds.2011-1335 PG 10 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 843YO UT WOS:000296714000054 PM 22025598 ER PT J AU Clark, SJ Butchart, A Kennedy, A Dombkowski, KJ AF Clark, Sarah J. Butchart, Amy Kennedy, Allison Dombkowski, Kevin J. TI Parents' Experiences With and Preferences for Immunization Reminder/Recall Technologies SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE immunizations; public health; parental attitudes ID VACCINATION COVERAGE; CHILDREN; INTERVENTIONS; DISPARITIES; RECALL; IMPACT; RATES AB OBJECTIVE: To describe parents' experiences and preferences regarding the use of different communication modes for immunization reminder/recall messages. METHODS: A cross-sectional, Internet-based survey of a nationally representative sample of parents of children 0 to 17 years of age was performed. Survey items included questions regarding previous receipt of reminder/recall notices; preferences for how to receive notices in the future; recentness of changes to home address, home telephone, cell phone, and e-mail information; child's usual site for immunization; and willingness to register cell phone numbers with the child's immunization provider to receive future cell phone or text messages about immunization. RESULTS: Overall, 31% of parents had ever received an immunization reminder/recall notice, usually by mail. For future immunization messages, approximately one-third of parents preferred mail or calls to the home telephone, 16% preferred e-mail, and 8% preferred calls to a cell phone. More than one-half of parents had maintained the same home address, home telephone number, cell phone number, or e-mail address for the previous 3 years. More than one-half of parents were willing to register their cell phone numbers with their child's usual immunization provider. CONCLUSIONS: Although most parents continue to prefer the traditional modes for immunization reminder/recall messages, 1 in 4 preferred newer technologies, and parents' e-mail and cell phone information was surprisingly stable. More than one-half of the parents were willing to register their cell phone numbers for future immunization messaging via cell phone calls or text messages. Research and implementation efforts might benefit from focusing on this willing population. Pediatrics 2011; 128: e1100-e1105 C1 [Clark, Sarah J.] Univ Michigan, Div Gen Pediat, Child Hlth Evaluat & Res Unit, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Kennedy, Allison] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Clark, SJ (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Div Gen Pediat, Child Hlth Evaluat & Res Unit, 300 N Ingalls St,Room 6E06, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. EM saclark@umich.edu FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [1U01IP0000316]; University of Michigan Health System FX This work was supported by Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Cooperative Agreement 1U01IP0000316. Data were collected in conjunction with the C. S. Mott Children's Hospital NPCH, which is funded by the University of Michigan Health System. NR 17 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD NOV PY 2011 VL 128 IS 5 BP E1100 EP E1105 DI 10.1542/peds.2011-0270 PG 6 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 843YO UT WOS:000296714000007 PM 22007019 ER PT J AU Kemper, AR Mahle, WT Martin, GR Cooley, WC Kumar, P Morrow, WR Kelm, K Pearson, GD Glidewell, J Grosse, SD Howell, RR AF Kemper, Alex R. Mahle, William T. Martin, Gerard R. Cooley, W. Carl Kumar, Praveen Morrow, W. Robert Kelm, Kellie Pearson, Gail D. Glidewell, Jill Grosse, Scott D. Howell, R. Rodney TI Strategies for Implementing Screening for Critical Congenital Heart Disease SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE congenital heart defects; neonatal screening; oximetry ID PULSE OXIMETRY; FOLLOW-UP; HIGH-ALTITUDE; NEWBORNS; STATEMENT; DEFECTS; INFANTS; VALUES; IMPACT AB BACKGROUND: Although newborn screening for critical congenital heart disease (CCHD) was recommended by the US Health and Human Services Secretary's Advisory Committee on Heritable Disorders in Newborns and Children to promote early detection, it was deemed by the Secretary of the HHS as not ready for adoption pending an implementation plan from HHS agencies. OBJECTIVE: To develop strategies for the implementation of safe, effective, and efficient screening. METHODS: A work group was convened with members selected by the Secretary's Advisory Committee on Heritable Disorders in Newborns and Children, the American Academy of Pediatrics, the American College of Cardiology Foundation, and the American Heart Association. RESULTS: On the basis of published and unpublished data, the work group made recommendations for a standardized approach to screening and diagnostic follow-up. Key issues for future research and evaluation were identified. CONCLUSIONS: The work-group members found sufficient evidence to begin screening for low blood oxygen saturation through the use of pulse-oximetry monitoring to detect CCHD in well-infant and intermediate care nurseries. Research is needed regarding screening in special populations (eg, at high altitude) and to evaluate service infrastructure and delivery strategies (eg, telemedicine) for nurseries without on-site echocardiography. Public health agencies will have an important role in quality assurance and surveillance. Central to the effectiveness of screening will be the development of a national technical assistance center to coordinate implementation and evaluation of newborn screening for CCHD. Pediatrics 2011;128:e1259-e1267 C1 [Kemper, Alex R.] Duke Univ, Duke Clin Res Inst, Durham, NC 27705 USA. [Kemper, Alex R.] Duke Univ, Dept Pediat, Durham, NC 27705 USA. [Mahle, William T.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Atlanta, GA USA. [Martin, Gerard R.] Childrens Natl Med Ctr, Div Cardiol, Washington, DC 20010 USA. [Cooley, W. Carl] Ctr Med Home Improvement, Concord, NH USA. [Kumar, Praveen] Northwestern Univ, Dept Pediat, Feinberg Sch Med, Chicago, IL 60611 USA. [Morrow, W. Robert] Univ Arkansas Med Sci, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Little Rock, AR 72205 USA. [Kelm, Kellie] US Dept HHS, US FDA, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Pearson, Gail D.] NHLBI, NIH, US Dept HHS, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Glidewell, Jill; Grosse, Scott D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, US Dept HHS, Atlanta, GA USA. [Howell, R. Rodney] Univ Miami, Miller Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Miami, FL 33136 USA. RP Kemper, AR (reprint author), Duke Univ, Duke Clin Res Inst, 2400 Pratt St,Room 0311 Terrace Level, Durham, NC 27705 USA. EM alex.kemper@duke.edu NR 21 TC 111 Z9 116 U1 1 U2 12 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD NOV PY 2011 VL 128 IS 5 BP E1259 EP E1267 DI 10.1542/peds.2011-1317 PG 9 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 843YO UT WOS:000296714000027 PM 21987707 ER PT J AU Kemper, AR Helfrich, A Talbot, J Patel, N Crews, JE AF Kemper, Alex R. Helfrich, Anya Talbot, Jennifer Patel, Nita Crews, John E. TI Improving the Rate of Preschool Vision Screening: An Interrupted Time-Series Analysis SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE quality of health care; vision tests; amblyopia ID PEDIATRICIANS; CHILDREN AB OBJECTIVE: To implement a 6-month quality improvement project in 13 clinics in North Carolina to improve vision screening rates for children 3 through 5 years of age. METHODS: We trained each clinic in approaches to vision screening and selected champions to provide feedback based on a 3-month baseline chart audit of up to 90 charts in each clinic and then 60 monthly chart audits in each clinic. RESULTS: Overall, the baseline rate of distance vision testing (92%) and stereopsis testing (80%) was high. By the end of the project, there were increases in both the rate of distance vision testing (97%; P < .001) and stereopsis testing (89%; P < .001). Initially, there were many different tests used to assess distance visual acuity and some variation in the thresholds used for referral for eye care. Tests were standardized across clinics by the end of the project. The proportion of all children who were untestable was high throughout the project, including 45% among 3-year-olds by the end of the project. Follow-up rescreening was rarely documented. By the end of the project, only 48% of children with an abnormal screen result were documented to be referred. Within each clinic, concerns about the accuracy of testing persisted throughout the project. CONCLUSIONS: We were successful in standardizing vision testing. Even with training, the proportion of untestable children was high. Rates of documented referral were low, which reflects provider concerns about testing accuracy. New strategies are needed to improve testability and ensure timely referral and follow-up after an abnormal vision screen result. Pediatrics 2011;128:e1279-e1284 C1 [Kemper, Alex R.] Duke Univ, Duke Clin Res Inst, Durham, NC 27705 USA. [Kemper, Alex R.] Duke Univ, Dept Pediat, Durham, NC 27705 USA. [Helfrich, Anya; Talbot, Jennifer] Prevent Blindness N Carolina, Raleigh, NC USA. [Patel, Nita] Prevent Blindness Amer, Chicago, IL USA. [Crews, John E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Vis Hlth Initiat, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Kemper, AR (reprint author), Duke Univ, Duke Clin Res Inst, 2400 Pratt St,Room 0311 Terrace Level, Durham, NC 27705 USA. EM alex.kemper@duke.edu FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [U58DP001311] FX This publication was supported by Cooperative Agreement U58DP001311 from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention to Prevent Blindness America. NR 8 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD NOV PY 2011 VL 128 IS 5 BP E1279 EP E1284 DI 10.1542/peds.2010-3679 PG 6 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 843YO UT WOS:000296714000031 PM 21987706 ER PT J AU Perrine, CG Li, RW Grummer-Strawn, LM AF Perrine, Cria G. Li, Ruowei Grummer-Strawn, Laurence M. TI Regulatory Monitoring Is Not an Intervention; It Is Merely Information Reply SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Letter C1 [Perrine, Cria G.; Li, Ruowei; Grummer-Strawn, Laurence M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Nutr Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Perrine, CG (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Nutr Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 14 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD NOV PY 2011 VL 128 IS 5 BP E1316 EP E1317 DI 10.1542/peds.2011-2698D PG 5 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 843YO UT WOS:000296714000041 PM 22167861 ER PT J AU Abdul-Quader, AS Collins, C AF Abdul-Quader, Abu S. Collins, Charles TI Identification of Structural Interventions for HIV/AIDS Prevention: The Concept Mapping Exercise SO PUBLIC HEALTH REPORTS LA English DT Article ID HIV PREVENTION; RISK; ENVIRONMENT; FRAMEWORK; US AB Structural interventions have been defined as those prevention interventions that include physical, social, cultural, organizational, community, economic, legal, and policy factors. In an effort to examine the feasibility, evaluability, and sustainability of structural interventions for HIV prevention, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention implemented a project that involved asking experts in HIV prevention and other areas of public health-including injury and violence prevention, tobacco control, drug abuse, and nutrition-to provide input on the identification of structural interventions based on the aforementioned definition. The process resulted in a list of 123 interventions that met the definition. The experts were asked to group these interventions into categories based on similarity of ideas. They were also asked to rate these interventions in terms of impact they would have, if implemented, on reducing HIV transmission. The findings highlight the need for conducting further research on structural interventions, including feasibility of implementation and effectiveness of reducing HIV transmission risks. C1 [Abdul-Quader, Abu S.; Collins, Charles] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Abdul-Quader, AS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Global Hlth, Global AIDS Program, Epidemiol & Strateg Informat Branch, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS E-30, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM ala3@cdc.gov NR 26 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 8 PU ASSOC SCHOOLS PUBLIC HEALTH PI WASHINGTON PA 1101 15TH ST NW, STE 910, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0033-3549 J9 PUBLIC HEALTH REP JI Public Health Rep. PD NOV-DEC PY 2011 VL 126 IS 6 BP 777 EP 788 PG 12 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 848EN UT WOS:000297033200003 PM 22043093 ER PT J AU Byrd, KK Redd, JT Holman, RC Haberling, DL Cheek, JE AF Byrd, Kathy K. Redd, John T. Holman, Robert C. Haberling, Dana L. Cheek, James E. TI Changing Trends in Viral Hepatitis-Associated Hospitalizations in the American Indian/Alaska Native Population, 1995-2007 SO PUBLIC HEALTH REPORTS LA English DT Article ID C VIRUS-INFECTION; UNITED-STATES; ALASKA NATIVES; DISEASE HOSPITALIZATIONS; VACCINATION COVERAGE; PREVALENCE; ADULTS; IMMUNIZATION; INDIANS; ERA AB Objective. We described the changing epidemiology of viral hepatitis among the American Indian/Alaska Native (Al/AN) population that uses Indian Health Service (IHS) health care. Methods. We used hospital discharge data from the IHS National Patient Information Reporting System to determine rates of hepatitis A-, B-, and C-associated hospitalization among Al/ANs using IHS health care from 1995 2007 and summary periods 1995-1997 and 2005-2007. Results. Hepatitis A-associated hospitalization rates among Al/AN people decreased from 4.9 per 100,000 population during 1995-1997 to 0.8 per 100,000 population during 2005-2007 (risk ratio [RR] = 0.2, 95% confidence interval [Cl] 0.1, 0.2). While there was no significant change in the overall hepatitis B-associated hospitalization rate between time periods, the average annual rate in people aged 45-64 years increased by 109% (RR=2.1, 95% Cl 1.4, 3.2). Between the two time periods, the hepatitis C-associated hospitalization rate rose from 13.0 to 55.0 per 100,000 population (RR=4.2, 95% Cl 3.8, 4.7), an increase of 323%. The hepatitis C-associated hospitalization rate was highest among people aged 45-64 years, males, and those in the Alaska region. Conclusions. Hepatitis A has decreased to near-eradication levels among the Al/AN population using IHS health care. Hepatitis C-associated hospitalizations increased significantly; however, there was no significant change in hepatitis B-associated hospitalizations. Emphasis should be placed on continued universal childhood and adolescent hepatitis B vaccination and improved vaccination of high-risk adults. Prevention and education efforts should focus on decreasing hepatitis C risk behaviors and identifying people with hepatitis C infection so they may be referred for treatment. C1 [Byrd, Kathy K.; Redd, John T.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Byrd, Kathy K.; Redd, John T.; Cheek, James E.] Indian Hlth Serv, Off Publ Hlth Support, Div Epidemiol & Dis Prevent, Albuquerque, NM USA. [Byrd, Kathy K.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Gen Prevent Med Residency Program, Baltimore, MD USA. [Holman, Robert C.; Haberling, Dana L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging Zoonot & Infect Dis, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Byrd, KK (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS G-37, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM gdn8@cdc.gov NR 35 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU ASSOC SCHOOLS PUBLIC HEALTH PI WASHINGTON PA 1101 15TH ST NW, STE 910, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0033-3549 J9 PUBLIC HEALTH REP JI Public Health Rep. PD NOV-DEC PY 2011 VL 126 IS 6 BP 816 EP 825 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 848EN UT WOS:000297033200007 PM 22043097 ER PT J AU Wendelboe, AM Landen, MG AF Wendelboe, Aaron M. Landen, Michael G. TI Increased Fall-Related Mortality Rates in New Mexico, 1999-2005 SO PUBLIC HEALTH REPORTS LA English DT Article ID OLDER-ADULTS; INJURIES; DEATHS; PEOPLE AB Objective. In 2000, fall injuries affected 30% of U.S. residents aged >= 65 years and cost $19 billion. In 2005, New Mexico (NM) had the highest fall-related mortality rate in the United States. We described factors associated with these elevated fall-related mortality rates. Methods. To better understand the epidemiology of fatal falls in NM, we used state and national (Web-based Injury Statistics Query and Reporting System) vital records data for 1999-2005 to identify unintentional falls that were the underlying cause of death. We calculated age-adjusted mortality rates, rate ratios (RRs), and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) by sex, ethnicity, race, and year. Results. For 1999-2005 combined, NM's fall-related mortality rate (11.7 per 100,000 population) was 2.1 times higher than the U.S. rate (5.6 per 100,000 population). Elevated RRs persisted when stratified by sex (male RR=2.0, female RR=2.2), ethnicity (Hispanic RR=2.5, non-Hispanic RR=2.1), race (white RR=2.0, black RR=1.7, American Indian RR=2.3, and Asian American/Pacific Islander RR=3.1), and age (>= 50 years RR=2.0, <50 years RR=1.2). Fall-related mortality rates began to increase exponentially at age 50 years, which was 15 years younger than the national trend. NM non-Hispanic individuals had the highest demographic-specific fall-related mortality rate (11.8 per 100,000 population, 95% CI 11.0, 12.5). NM's 69.5% increase in fall-related mortality rate was approximately twice the U.S. increase (31.9%); the increase among non-Hispanic people (86.2%) was twice that among Hispanic people (43.5%). Conclusions. NM's fall-related mortality rate was twice the U.S. rate; exhibited a greater increase than the U.S. rate; and persisted across sex, ethnicity, and race. Fall-related mortality disproportionately affects a relatively younger population in NM. Characterizing fall etiology will assist in the development of effective prevention measures. C1 [Wendelboe, Aaron M.; Landen, Michael G.] New Mexico Dept Hlth, Epidemiol & Response Div, Santa Fe, NM USA. [Wendelboe, Aaron M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Workforce & Career Dev, EIS Field Assignments Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Wendelboe, AM (reprint author), Univ Oklahoma, Hlth Sci Ctr, Coll Publ Hlth, Dept Biostat & Epidemiol, 801 NE 13th St,CHB 323, Oklahoma City, OK 73104 USA. EM aaron-wendelboe@ouhsc.edu NR 16 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC SCHOOLS PUBLIC HEALTH PI WASHINGTON PA 1101 15TH ST NW, STE 910, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0033-3549 J9 PUBLIC HEALTH REP JI Public Health Rep. PD NOV-DEC PY 2011 VL 126 IS 6 BP 861 EP 867 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 848EN UT WOS:000297033200012 PM 22043102 ER PT J AU Jarman, DW Liang, JL Luce, RR Wright, JG Stennies, GM Bisgard, KM AF Jarman, Dwayne W. Liang, Jennifer L. Luce, Richard R. Wright, Jennifer G. Stennies, Gail M. Bisgard, Kristine M. TI Veterinary Public Health Capacity in the United States: Opportunities for Improvement SO PUBLIC HEALTH REPORTS LA English DT Article AB Objectives. In 2006, the Association of American Veterinary Medical Colleges reported that the shortage (>= 1,500) of public health veterinarians is expected to increase tenfold by 2020. In 2008, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Preventive Medicine Fellows conducted a pilot project among CDC veterinarians to identify national veterinary public health workforce concerns and potential policy strategies. Methods. Fellows surveyed a convenience sample (19/91) of public health veterinarians at CDC to identify veterinary workforce recruitment and retention problems faced by federal agencies; responses were categorized into themes. A focus group (20/91) of staff veterinarians subsequently prioritized the categorized themes from least to most important. Participants identified activities to address the three recruitment concerns with the highest combined weight. Results. Participants identified the following three highest prioritized problems faced by federal agencies when recruiting veterinarians to public health: (1) lack of awareness of veterinarians' contributions to public health practice, (2) competitive salaries, and (3) employment and training opportunities. Similarly, key concerns identified regarding retention of public health practice veterinarians included: (1) lack of recognition of veterinary qualifications, (2) competitive salaries, and (3) seamless integration of veterinary and human public health. Conclusions. Findings identified multiple barriers that can affect recruitment and retention of veterinarians engaged in public health practice. Next steps should include replicating project efforts among a national sample of public health veterinarians. A committed and determined long-term effort might be required to sustain initiatives and policy proposals to increase U.S. veterinary public health capacity. C1 [Jarman, Dwayne W.] US FDA, Off Regulatory Affairs, Detroit Dist Off, Detroit, MI 48073 USA. [Jarman, Dwayne W.; Liang, Jennifer L.; Luce, Richard R.; Stennies, Gail M.; Bisgard, Kristine M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Sci Educ & Profess Dev Program Off, Atlanta, GA USA. [Jarman, Dwayne W.; Luce, Richard R.; Wright, Jennifer G.; Stennies, Gail M.; Bisgard, Kristine M.] US PHS, Rockville, MD USA. [Liang, Jennifer L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Luce, Richard R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ethiopia Field Epidemiol & Lab Training Program, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. [Wright, Jennifer G.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging Zoonot & Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Jarman, DW (reprint author), US FDA, Off Regulatory Affairs, Detroit Dist Off, 300 River Pl Ave,Ste 5900, Detroit, MI 48073 USA. EM dwayne.jarman@fda.hhs.gov NR 18 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 2 PU ASSOC SCHOOLS PUBLIC HEALTH PI WASHINGTON PA 1101 15TH ST NW, STE 910, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0033-3549 J9 PUBLIC HEALTH REP JI Public Health Rep. PD NOV-DEC PY 2011 VL 126 IS 6 BP 868 EP 874 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 848EN UT WOS:000297033200013 PM 22043103 ER PT J AU Koenig, LJ McCree, DH AF Koenig, Linda J. McCree, Donna Hubbard TI Gender-Responsive Programming and HIV Prevention for Women: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Perspective SO WOMENS HEALTH ISSUES LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Koenig, Linda J.; McCree, Donna Hubbard] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Koenig, LJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS D21, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM Lkoenig5@cdc.gov NR 7 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1049-3867 J9 WOMEN HEALTH ISS JI Womens Health Iss. PD NOV-DEC PY 2011 VL 21 IS 6 SU S BP S241 EP S242 DI 10.1016/j.whi.2011.04.015 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Women's Studies SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Women's Studies GA 848FO UT WOS:000297036100006 PM 21703868 ER PT J AU Lucero, CA Cohen, AL Trevino, I Hammer, A Harris, M Forkan-Kelly, S Noble-Wang, J Jensen, B Shams, A Arduino, MJ LiPuma, JJ Gerber, SI Srinivasan, A AF Lucero, Cynthia A. Cohen, Adam L. Trevino, Ingrid Hammer, Angela Harris, Michelle Forkan-Kelly, Sinead Noble-Wang, Judith Jensen, Bette Shams, Alicia Arduino, Matthew J. LiPuma, John J. Gerber, Susan I. Srinivasan, Arjun TI Outbreak of Burkholderia cepacia complex among ventilated pediatric patients linked to hospital sinks SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INFECTION CONTROL LA English DT Article DE Infection control; disease outbreak; intensive care unit; pediatrics; water supply; cystic fibrosis ID INTENSIVE-CARE UNITS; PSEUDOMONAS-CEPACIA; INFECTION; COLONIZATION; BACTEREMIA AB We investigated a cluster of Burkholderia cepacia complex colonization in ventilated pediatric patients. Isolates from 15 patients, 2 sink drains, and several ventilator components were found to belong to a single B cenocepacia clone. Hospital tap water used during oral and tracheostomy care was identified as the most likely mechanism for transmission. C1 [Lucero, Cynthia A.; Cohen, Adam L.; Trevino, Ingrid] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Off Workforce & Career Dev, Atlanta, GA USA. [Lucero, Cynthia A.; Cohen, Adam L.; Noble-Wang, Judith; Jensen, Bette; Shams, Alicia; Arduino, Matthew J.; Srinivasan, Arjun] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. [Trevino, Ingrid] Illinois Dept Publ Hlth, Springfield, IL 62761 USA. [LiPuma, John J.] Univ Michigan, Sch Med, Dept Pediat & Communicable Dis, Ann Arbor, MI USA. [Hammer, Angela; Harris, Michelle; Forkan-Kelly, Sinead] Childrens Mem Hosp, Chicago, IL 60614 USA. [Gerber, Susan I.] Chicago Dept Publ Hlth, Chicago, IL USA. RP Lucero, CA (reprint author), Dept Vet Affairs, Off Publ Hlth Surveillance & Res, 3801 Miranda Ave,132, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. EM Cynthia.Lucero@va.gov FU Cystic Fibrosis Foundation FX This study was supported by the Cystic Fibrosis Foundation. NR 11 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 2 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0196-6553 J9 AM J INFECT CONTROL JI Am. J. Infect. Control PD NOV PY 2011 VL 39 IS 9 BP 775 EP 778 DI 10.1016/j.ajic.2010.12.005 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 842EQ UT WOS:000296575300014 PM 21664002 ER PT J AU Lutter, CK Chaparro, CM Grummer-Strawn, L Victora, CG AF Lutter, Chessa K. Chaparro, Camila M. Grummer-Strawn, Laurence Victora, Cesar G. TI Backsliding on a Key Health Investment in Latin America and the Caribbean: The Case of Breastfeeding Promotion SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article ID RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; INTERNATIONAL CODE; MILK SUBSTITUTES; MORTALITY; INTERVENTIONS; INITIATION; COUNTRIES; CHILDREN; FORMULA; RISK AB Objectives. We examined trends in breastfeeding promotion investments, breastfeeding promotion activities, and breastfeeding duration in Latin America and the Caribbean from the 1980s to the 2000s. Methods. We obtained financial data from the United States Agency for International Development and the International Code Documentation Center, and we obtained breastfeeding promotion data from surveys of breastfeeding coordinators with ministries of health and with the International Baby Food Action Network. We obtained breastfeeding data from nationally representative surveys conducted between 1986 and 2008. Results. Investment in breastfeeding promotion declined in the 2000s relative to earlier years. For all countries, breastfeeding duration increased between the first and last survey. Of the 12 countries represented in the interval when investment in breastfeeding promotion was high, breastfeeding duration decreased in 1 country. Of the 12 countries represented in the interval when investment was low, breastfeeding duration decreased in 3 countries. Nonetheless, the average annual change in breastfeeding duration for the 2 intervals was positive and similar (0.16 months and 0.21 months). Conclusions. Breastfeeding promotion likely resulted in large improvements in breastfeeding. Investments in breastfeeding promotion have declined, but this does not appear to have adversely affected breastfeeding duration. (Am J Public Health. 2011;101:2130-2136. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2011.300244) C1 [Lutter, Chessa K.] Pan Amer Hlth Org, Family & Community Hlth, Washington, DC USA. [Chaparro, Camila M.] Family Hlth Int, Washington, DC USA. [Grummer-Strawn, Laurence] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Maternal & Child Nutr Branch, Div Nutr & Phys Act, Atlanta, GA USA. [Victora, Cesar G.] Univ Fed Pelotas, Dept Epidemiol, Pelotas, RS, Brazil. RP Lutter, CK (reprint author), PAHO WHO, 525 23rd St NW, Washington, DC 20037 USA. EM lutterch@paho.org RI Epidemiologicas, Centro de pesquisas /D-4561-2013; Victora, Cesar/D-4476-2013; OI Victora, Cesar/0000-0002-2465-2180 NR 35 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER PUBLIC HEALTH ASSOC INC PI WASHINGTON PA 800 I STREET, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20001-3710 USA SN 0090-0036 EI 1541-0048 J9 AM J PUBLIC HEALTH JI Am. J. Public Health PD NOV PY 2011 VL 101 IS 11 BP 2130 EP 2136 DI 10.2105/AJPH.2011.300244 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 835NA UT WOS:000296041900026 PM 21940937 ER PT J AU Weidle, PJ Zeh, C Martin, A Lando, R Angira, F Osoga, J Ogindo, P Girde, S Minniear, TD Thomas, TK AF Weidle, Paul J. Zeh, Clement Martin, Amy Lando, Richard Angira, Frank Osoga, Joseph Ogindo, Paul Girde, Sonali Minniear, Timothy D. Thomas, Timothy K. TI Nelfinavir and Its Active Metabolite, Hydroxy-t-Butylamidenelfinavir (M8), Are Transferred in Small Quantities to Breast Milk and Do Not Reach Biologically Significant Concentrations in Breast-Feeding Infants Whose Mothers Are Taking Nelfinavir SO ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY LA English DT Article ID ANTIRETROVIRAL TREATMENT; VIRAL LOAD; ZIDOVUDINE; WOMEN; AIDS AB Antiretroviral drugs cross from maternal plasma to breast milk and from breast milk to the infant in different concentrations. We measured concentrations of nelfinavir and its active metabolite (M8) in maternal plasma and breast milk from women and in dried blood spots collected from their infants at delivery and postnatal weeks 2, 6, 14, and 24 in the Kisumu Breastfeeding Study, Kisumu, Kenya. Nelfinavir-based antiretroviral regimens given to mothers as prevention of mother-to-child HIV transmission (PMTCT) do not expose the breast-feeding infant to biologically significant concentrations of nelfinavir or M8. C1 [Weidle, Paul J.; Zeh, Clement; Martin, Amy; Girde, Sonali; Minniear, Timothy D.; Thomas, Timothy K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Zeh, Clement; Lando, Richard; Angira, Frank; Osoga, Joseph; Ogindo, Paul] Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Kisumu, Kenya. [Girde, Sonali] Northrop Grumman Corp, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Weidle, PJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E-45, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM pweidle@cdc.gov FU U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) FX Funding was provided by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). CDC staff participated in the design, data collection, analysis, and interpretation of the data, the writing of the report, and the decision to submit the article for publication. NR 12 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0066-4804 J9 ANTIMICROB AGENTS CH JI Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 55 IS 11 BP 5168 EP 5171 DI 10.1128/AAC.05273-11 PG 4 WC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 839NX UT WOS:000296375600031 PM 21876052 ER PT J AU Billeter, SA Gundi, VAKB Rood, MP Kosoy, MY AF Billeter, Sarah A. Gundi, Vijay A. K. B. Rood, Michael P. Kosoy, Michael Y. TI Molecular Detection and Identification of Bartonella Species in Xenopsylla cheopis Fleas (Siphonaptera: Pulicidae) Collected from Rattus norvegicus Rats in Los Angeles, California SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article AB Of 200 individual Xenopsylla cheopis fleas removed from Rattus norvegicus rats trapped in downtown Los Angeles, CA, 190 (95%) were positive for the presence of Bartonella DNA. Ninety-one amplicons were sequenced: Bartonella rochalimae-like DNA was detected in 66 examined fleas, and Bartonella tribocorum-like DNA was identified in 25 fleas. The data obtained from this study demonstrate an extremely high prevalence of Bartonella DNA in rat-associated fleas. C1 [Billeter, Sarah A.; Gundi, Vijay A. K. B.; Kosoy, Michael Y.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Bacterial Dis Branch, Div Vector Borne Dis, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Rood, Michael P.] Los Angeles Cty Dept Publ Hlth, Vector Management Program, Div Environm Hlth, Baldwin Pk, CA 91706 USA. RP Billeter, SA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Bacterial Dis Branch, Div Vector Borne Dis, 3150 Rampart Rd, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM SBilleter@cdc.gov FU ASM/CDC FX Sarah A. Billeter is supported by the ASM/CDC Postdoctoral Research Fellowship Program in Infectious Disease and Public Health Microbiology. NR 8 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 77 IS 21 BP 7850 EP 7852 DI 10.1128/AEM.06012-11 PG 3 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 842DD UT WOS:000296568200050 PM 21908631 ER PT J AU Shah, AJ Veledar, E Hong, YL Bremner, JD Vaccarino, V AF Shah, Amit J. Veledar, Emir Hong, Yuling Bremner, J. Douglas Vaccarino, Viola TI Depression and History of Attempted Suicide as Risk Factors for Heart Disease Mortality in Young Individuals SO ARCHIVES OF GENERAL PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article ID POPULATION-ATTRIBUTABLE FRACTIONS; NATIONAL COMORBIDITY SURVEY; MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; CORONARY ATHEROSCLEROSIS; SYMPTOMS; HEALTH; WOMEN; BEHAVIOR; EVENTS; METAANALYSIS AB Context: Although depression is associated with increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, there is virtually no information on whether it also increases the risk in young populations. Objectives: We sought to determine the association of unipolar and bipolar depression and a history of attempted suicide with mortality due to ischemic heart disease (IHD) and cardiovascular disease (CVD) in young US adults and to examine potential sex differences. Design: Longitudinal epidemiologic study. Setting: Nationally representative sample of US adults. Participants: A total of 7641 US adults aged 17 to 39 years from the 1988-1994 Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Main Outcome Measures: Cardiovascular disease and IHD mortality. Unipolar/bipolar depression and a history of attempted suicide were assessed via the Diagnostic Interview Schedule. Results: After a median follow-up of 14.9 years, a total of 51 subjects (0.67%) died of CVD causes and 28 (0.37%) died of IHD. Depression (538 individuals [7.04%]) and history of attempted suicide (419 [5.48%]) were each associated with an increased risk of IHD death, with adjusted hazard ratios of 3.70 (95% CI, 1.32-10.35) for depression and 7.12 (2.67-18.98) for a history of attempted suicide. Women with depression or a history of attempted suicide had a 3-fold adjusted risk of CVD (adjusted hazard ratio, 3.20 [95% CI, 1.12-9.17]) and a 14-fold adjusted risk of IHD (14.57 [2.65-80.10]). Corresponding figures for men were 2.37 (0.85-6.58) and 3.52 (1.05-11.76). Conclusion: In adults younger than 40 years, depression and history of attempted suicide are significant independent predictors of premature CVD and IHD mortality in both sexes. C1 [Vaccarino, Viola] Emory Univ, Dept Epidemiol, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Shah, Amit J.; Veledar, Emir; Vaccarino, Viola] Emory Univ, Div Cardiol, Dept Med, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Bremner, J. Douglas] Emory Univ, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Hong, Yuling] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Heart Dis & Stroke Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Vaccarino, V (reprint author), Emory Univ, Dept Epidemiol, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, 1518 Clifton Rd NE,Room 3011, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. EM viola.vaccarino@emory.edu RI Veledar, Emir/K-2808-2012; Bremner, James/B-1632-2013 OI Veledar, Emir/0000-0002-3831-5433; FU National Institutes of Health [K24HL077506, R21HL093665-01A1S1]; Emory University General Clinical Research Center [MO1-RR00039] FX This study was supported by grants K24HL077506 (Dr Vaccarino) and R21HL093665-01A1S1 (Dr Shah) from the National Institutes of Health and by training grant MO1-RR00039 from the Emory University General Clinical Research Center (Dr Shah). NR 40 TC 27 Z9 28 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 0003-990X J9 ARCH GEN PSYCHIAT JI Arch. Gen. Psychiatry PD NOV PY 2011 VL 68 IS 11 BP 1135 EP 1142 PG 8 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA 843CL UT WOS:000296649800008 PM 22065529 ER PT J AU Danel, I Graham, WJ Boerma, T AF Danel, Isabella Graham, Wendy J. Boerma, Ties TI Maternal death surveillance and response SO BULLETIN OF THE WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Boerma, Ties] World Hlth Org, Dept Hlth Stat & Informat Syst, CH-1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland. [Danel, Isabella] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Graham, Wendy J.] Univ Aberdeen, Kings Coll, Aberdeen, Scotland. RP Boerma, T (reprint author), World Hlth Org, Dept Hlth Stat & Informat Syst, Ave Appia 20, CH-1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland. EM boermat@who.int NR 0 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 5 PU WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION PI GENEVA 27 PA MARKETING AND DISSEMINATION, CH-1211 GENEVA 27, SWITZERLAND SN 0042-9686 J9 B WORLD HEALTH ORGAN JI Bull. World Health Organ. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 89 IS 11 BP 779 EP 779 DI 10.2471/BLT.11.097220 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 845MZ UT WOS:000296828200002 PM 22084519 ER PT J AU LaMontagne, DS Barge, S Le, NT Mugisha, E Penny, ME Gandhi, S Janmohamed, A Kumakech, E Mosqueira, NR Nguyen, NQ Paul, P Tang, YX Minh, TH Uttekar, BP Jumaan, AO AF LaMontagne, D. Scott Barge, Sandhya Nga Thi Le Mugisha, Emmanuel Penny, Mary E. Gandhi, Sanjay Janmohamed, Amynah Kumakech, Edward Rocio Mosqueira, N. Nghi Quy Nguyen Paul, Proma Tang, Yuxiao Tran Hung Minh Uttekar, Bella Patel Jumaan, Aisha O. TI Human papillomavirus vaccine delivery strategies that achieved high coverage in low- and middle-income countries SO BULLETIN OF THE WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION LA English DT Article ID CERVICAL-CANCER PREVENTION; HPV VACCINATION; IMMUNIZATION; ATTITUDES; CHILDREN; PARENTS; PROGRAM; ISSUES; INDIA; PERU AB Objective To assess human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination coverage after demonstration projects conducted in India, Peru, Uganda and Viet Nam by PATH and national governments and to explore the reasons for vaccine acceptance or refusal. Methods Vaccines were delivered through schools or health centres or in combination with other health interventions, and either monthly or through campaigns at fixed time points. Using a two-stage cluster sample design, the authors selected households in demonstration project areas and interviewed over 7000 parents or guardians of adolescent girls to assess coverage and acceptability. They defined full vaccination as the receipt of all three vaccine doses and used an open-ended question to explore acceptability. Findings Vaccination coverage in school-based programmes was 82.6% (95% confidence interval, Cl: 79.3-85.6) in Peru, 88.9% (95% Cl: 84.7-92.4) in 2009 in Uganda and 96.1% (95% Cl: 93.0-97.8) in 2009 in Viet Nam. In India, a campaign approach achieved 77.2% (95% Cl: 72.4-81.6) to 87.8% (95% Cl: 84.3-91.3) coverage, whereas monthly delivery achieved 68.4% (95% Cl: 63.4-73.4) to 83.3% (95% Cl: 79.3-87.3) coverage. More than two thirds of respondents gave as reasons for accepting the HPV vaccine that: (i) it protects against cervical cancer; (ii) it prevents disease, or (iii) vaccines are good. Refusal was more often driven by programmatic considerations (e.g. school absenteeism) than by opposition to the vaccine. Conclusion High coverage with HPV vaccine among young adolescent girls was achieved through various delivery strategies in the developing countries studied. Reinforcing positive motivators for vaccine acceptance is likely to facilitate uptake. C1 [LaMontagne, D. Scott; Nga Thi Le; Mugisha, Emmanuel; Gandhi, Sanjay; Kumakech, Edward; Paul, Proma; Tang, Yuxiao] PATH, Seattle, WA 98109 USA. [Barge, Sandhya; Uttekar, Bella Patel] Ctr Operat Res & Training, Vadodara, India. [Penny, Mary E.; Rocio Mosqueira, N.] Insituto Invest Nutr, Lima, Peru. [Janmohamed, Amynah] Univ British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada. [Nghi Quy Nguyen] World Bank, Hanoi, Vietnam. [Tran Hung Minh] Consultat Investment Hlth Promot, Hanoi, Vietnam. [Jumaan, Aisha O.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. RP LaMontagne, DS (reprint author), PATH, POB 900922, Seattle, WA 98109 USA. EM slamontagne@path.org FU Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation FX This study was funded by a grant to PATH from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. PATH did not enter into an agreement with the funding organization that limited its ability to complete the research as planned and had full control of all primary data. NR 40 TC 97 Z9 98 U1 5 U2 25 PU WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION PI GENEVA 27 PA MARKETING AND DISSEMINATION, CH-1211 GENEVA 27, SWITZERLAND SN 0042-9686 J9 B WORLD HEALTH ORGAN JI Bull. World Health Organ. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 89 IS 11 BP 821 EP 830 DI 10.2471/BLT.11.089862 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 845MZ UT WOS:000296828200011 PM 22084528 ER PT J AU Dollard, SC Staras, SAS Amin, MM Schmid, DS Cannon, MJ AF Dollard, Sheila C. Staras, Stephanie A. S. Amin, Minal M. Schmid, D. Scott Cannon, Michael J. TI National Prevalence Estimates for Cytomegalovirus IgM and IgG Avidity and Association between High IgM Antibody Titer and Low IgG Avidity SO CLINICAL AND VACCINE IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PREGNANT-WOMEN; IMMUNOGLOBULIN-G; CMV INFECTION; UNITED-STATES; DIAGNOSIS; ASSAY AB Primary cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection of the mother during pregnancy presents risk of CMV infection of the fetus with resulting permanent disability. CMV IgM antibody is generated following primary CMV infection but also can appear during nonprimary CMV infection and is thus of limited diagnostic use by itself. In contrast, the presence of low CMV IgG avidity has been shown to be a unique and reliable serologic indicator of primary CMV infection. We measured CMV IgG and IgM antibody levels and IgG avidity in sera from a population sample of 6,067 U. S. women aged 12 to 49 years from NHANES (National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey). The CMV IgG prevalence was 58% overall and increased strongly with age. The CMV IgM prevalence was 3.0% overall and remained relatively flat across age groups. The prevalence of low IgG avidity was 2.0% overall, decreased sharply with age, and was seen mainly among IgM-positive sera. Fourteen to 18% of the CMV IgM-positive sera were low IgG avidity, presumably representing primary CMV infection. High CMV IgM antibody titer was a strong predictor of low IgG avidity. The ability to reliably identify primary CMV infection during pregnancy is important for management of the pregnancy, including possible treatment options for the fetus. Both IgM and IgG avidity measurements provide useful clinical information for evaluating primary CMV infection, although commercial tests for CMV IgG avidity are not yet widely available in the United States. C1 [Dollard, Sheila C.; Amin, Minal M.; Schmid, D. Scott] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Staras, Stephanie A. S.] Univ Florida, Dept Hlth Outcomes & Policy, Gainesville, FL USA. [Cannon, Michael J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Dollard, SC (reprint author), CDC, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Bldg 18,Room 6-133, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM SDollard@cdc.gov RI Cannon, Michael/E-5894-2011 OI Cannon, Michael/0000-0001-5776-5010 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX This work was supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 25 TC 36 Z9 40 U1 1 U2 11 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 1556-6811 J9 CLIN VACCINE IMMUNOL JI Clin. Vaccine Immunol. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 18 IS 11 BP 1895 EP 1899 DI 10.1128/CVI.05228-11 PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 842QJ UT WOS:000296613800015 PM 21918114 ER PT J AU Steenland, MW Tepper, NK Curtis, KM Kapp, N AF Steenland, Maria W. Tepper, Naomi K. Curtis, Kathryn M. Kapp, Nathalie TI Intrauterine contraceptive insertion postabortion: a systematic review SO CONTRACEPTION LA English DT Review DE Abortion; Contraception; Intrauterine device; IUD; Postabortion contraception ID DELAYED INSERTION; FOLLOW-UP; ABORTION; IMMEDIATE; DEVICE; ACCEPTABILITY; BARRIERS AB Background: This review was conducted to evaluate the evidence regarding the safety and effectiveness of intrauterine device (IUD) insertion immediately following spontaneous or induced abortion. Study Design: We searched MEDLINE databases for all articles (in all languages) published in peer-reviewed journals from January 1966 through March 2010 for evidence comparing immediate postabortion IUD insertion with either no IUD insertion, insertion at a different time, insertion following first-trimester compared with second-trimester abortion or copper IUD insertion compared with hormone-releasing IUD insertion postabortion. We used standard abstraction forms to summarize and assess the quality of the evidence. Results: The search strategy identified a total of 990 articles, of which 19 met our inclusion criteria for this review. Studies comparing immediate postabortion IUD insertion with no IUD insertion found that both groups experienced similar rates of pain and infection and a similar number of bleeding days, but one study reported that women with copper IUD insertion experienced a greater amount of bleeding than women without IUD insertion after abortion. Results from studies comparing immediate postabortion IUD insertion and insertion at a time not associated with pregnancy did not report differences between the two groups in the duration of bleeding, pain, expulsions or pelvic inflammatory disease (PID). One study however reported a greater amount of bleeding and another reported more removals for medical reasons among women with postabortion IUD insertion. Evidence from studies that examined immediate vs. delayed postabortion insertion reported minimal differences in bleeding, pain, expulsion and PID between groups. Studies comparing immediate IUD insertion after first-vs. second-trimester abortion reported no difference in removals for pain and bleeding, and an increased risk of expulsion among those women who had insertions after second-trimester abortion. In addition, women with insertions immediately after abortions occurring later in the first trimester had higher expulsion rates than those with insertions after early first-trimester abortions. Studies examining women using a copper IUD compared with a hormone-releasing IUD reported inconsistent results, with one paper reporting more bleeding days in the copper IUD group and another finding higher rates of removal for bleeding in the progesterone-releasing IUD group. Conclusion: Intrauterine device insertion immediately after abortion is not associated with an increased risk of adverse outcomes compared with use of other contraceptive methods or with no IUD insertion after abortion and compared with IUD insertion at times other than immediately after abortion. Intrauterine device expulsion rates, while generally low, were higher with insertions that occurred after later first-trimester abortion compared with after early first-trimester abortion and higher with IUD insertion after second-trimester abortion compared with after first-trimester abortion. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Steenland, Maria W.; Tepper, Naomi K.; Curtis, Kathryn M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Kapp, Nathalie] WHO, Dept Reprod Hlth & Res, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. RP Steenland, MW (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM inu8@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control; World Health Organization, Department of Reproductive Health and Research, UNDP/UNFPA/WHO/World Bank FX This study was supported by the Centers for Disease Control and the World Health Organization, Department of Reproductive Health and Research, UNDP/UNFPA/WHO/World Bank Special Programme of Research, Development and Research Training in Human Reproduction (HRP). NR 27 TC 22 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0010-7824 J9 CONTRACEPTION JI Contraception PD NOV PY 2011 VL 84 IS 5 BP 447 EP 464 DI 10.1016/j.contraception.2011.03.007 PG 18 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 846VG UT WOS:000296930700005 PM 22018119 ER PT J AU Chang, MH Valdez, R Ned, RM Liu, TB Yang, QH Yesupriya, A Dowling, NF Meigs, JB Bowen, MS Khoury, MJ AF Chang, Man-huei Valdez, Rodolfo Ned, Renee M. Liu, Tiebin Yang, Quanhe Yesupriya, Ajay Dowling, Nicole F. Meigs, James B. Bowen, Michael S. Khoury, Muin J. TI Influence of Familial Risk on Diabetes Risk-Reducing Behaviors Among US Adults Without Diabetes SO DIABETES CARE LA English DT Article ID PUBLIC-HEALTH; IMPROVING HEALTH; PRIMARY-CARE; HISTORY; TOOL; POPULATION; PREVALENCE; MEDICINE; ADVICE AB OBJECTIVE-To test the association of family history of diabetes with the adoption of diabetes risk-reducing behaviors and whether this association is strengthened by physician advice or commonly known factors associated with diabetes risk. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS-We used cross-sectional data from the 20052008 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) to examine the effects of family history of diabetes on the adoption of selected risk-reducing behaviors in 8,598 adults (aged >= 20 years) without diabetes. We used multiple logistic regression to model three risk reduction behaviors (controlling or losing weight, increasing physical activity, and reducing the amount of dietary fat or calories) with family history of diabetes. RESULTS-Overall, 36.2% of U.S. adults without diabetes had a family history of diabetes. Among them, similar to 39.8% reported receiving advice from a physician during the past year regarding any of the three selected behaviors compared with 29.2% of participants with no family history (P < 0.01). In univariate analysis, adults with a family history of diabetes were more likely to perform these risk-reducing behaviors compared with adults without a family history. Physician advice was strongly associated with each of the behavioral changes (P < 0.01), and this did not differ by family history of diabetes. CONCLUSIONS-Familial risk for diabetes and physician advice both independently influence the adoption of diabetes risk-reducing behaviors. However, fewer than half of participants with familial risk reported receiving physician advice for adopting these behaviors. C1 [Chang, Man-huei; Valdez, Rodolfo; Ned, Renee M.; Liu, Tiebin; Yang, Quanhe; Yesupriya, Ajay; Dowling, Nicole F.; Bowen, Michael S.; Khoury, Muin J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Publ Hlth Genom, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Meigs, James B.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA USA. [Meigs, James B.] Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Boston, MA 02114 USA. RP Chang, MH (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Publ Hlth Genom, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM mdc9@cdc.gov FU Office of Public Health Genomics, CDC; National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases [K24-DK-080140] FX Financial support for this work was provided by the Office of Public Health Genomics, CDC. J.B.M. was supported by a grant from the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (K24-DK-080140). NR 25 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER DIABETES ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1701 N BEAUREGARD ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22311-1717 USA SN 0149-5992 J9 DIABETES CARE JI Diabetes Care PD NOV PY 2011 VL 34 IS 11 BP 2393 EP 2399 DI 10.2337/dc11-0876 PG 7 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 847EQ UT WOS:000296955100013 PM 21933907 ER PT J AU Schlosser, M Mueller, PW Achenbach, P Lampasona, V Bingley, PJ AF Schlosser, Michael Mueller, Patricia W. Achenbach, Peter Lampasona, Vito Bingley, Polly J. CA Participating Labs TI Diabetes Antibody Standardization Program SO DIABETES CARE LA English DT Article ID RAPID PROGRESSION; AUTOANTIBODIES; RISK; DECARBOXYLASE; AUTOIMMUNITY; IA-2-BETA; RELATIVES; SIBLINGS; ANTIGEN; ASSAYS AB OBJECTIVE-Autoantibodies to IA-2 beta (IA-2 beta A) are important risk markers of type 1 diabetes. We report the first Diabetes Antibody Standardization Program (DASP) evaluation of IA-2 beta A assays. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS-Thirteen laboratories from nine countries received coded sera from 50 patients with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes and 100 healthy blood donors. IA-2 beta A results were analyzed using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Concordance of antibody levels was compared using counts per minute (cpm), local and standard curve derived common units. RESULTS-Median laboratory-assigned sensitivity was 47% (interquartile range [IQR] 45-51.), specificity 98% (IQR 95-99), adjusted sensitivity at 95% specificity 50% (IQR 49-53), and area under the ROC curve 0.70 (IQR 0.69-0.73). Use of common IA-2 beta A units improved concordance between assays compared with local units and cpm (P < 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS-IA-2 beta A assays in multiple laboratories worldwide achieved good concordance and high specificity for type 1 diabetes. IA-2 beta A are suitable for inclusion in autoantibody testing for risk assessment in prediabetes. C1 [Bingley, Polly J.] Univ Bristol, Sch Clin Sci, Bristol, Avon, England. [Schlosser, Michael] Ernst Moritz Arndt Univ Greifswald, Dept Med Biochem & Mol Biol, Res Grp Predict Diagnost, Karlsburg, Germany. [Schlosser, Michael] Ernst Moritz Arndt Univ Greifswald, Inst Pathophysiol, Res Grp Predict Diagnost, Karlsburg, Germany. [Mueller, Patricia W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Diabet Lab, Atlanta, GA USA. [Achenbach, Peter] German Res Ctr Environm Hlth, Inst Diabet Res, Helmholtz Ctr Munich, Neuherberg, Germany. [Lampasona, Vito] Ist Sci San Raffaele, Genom Unit Diag Human Pathol, Ctr Translat Genom & Bioinformat, I-20132 Milan, Italy. RP Bingley, PJ (reprint author), Univ Bristol, Sch Clin Sci, Bristol, Avon, England. EM polly.bingley@bristol.ac.uk RI Achenbach, Peter/M-9867-2014 OI Achenbach, Peter/0000-0001-6720-2684 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [PL-10533, PL-106554, PL-107360, PL-107173, PL-110275, PL-111309]; Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation [11-2005-1117] FX DASP is funded at Centers for Disease Control and Prevention by PL-10533, -106554, -107360, -107173, -110275, and -111309 administered by the National Institutes of Health. P.A. was supported by the Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation (11-2005-1117). NR 11 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER DIABETES ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1701 N BEAUREGARD ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22311-1717 USA SN 0149-5992 J9 DIABETES CARE JI Diabetes Care PD NOV PY 2011 VL 34 IS 11 BP 2410 EP 2412 DI 10.2337/dc11-1161 PG 3 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 847EQ UT WOS:000296955100017 PM 21926293 ER PT J AU Sleeman, K Sheu, TG Moore, Z Kilpatrick, S Garg, S Fry, AM Gubareva, LV AF Sleeman, Katrina Sheu, Tiffany G. Moore, Zack Kilpatrick, Susan Garg, Shikha Fry, Alicia M. Gubareva, Larisa V. TI Influenza B Viruses with Mutation in the Neuraminidase Active Site, North Carolina, USA, 2010-11 SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID IMMUNOCOMPROMISED CHILD; REDUCED SENSITIVITY; H1N1 VIRUS; RESISTANT; OSELTAMIVIR; SURVEILLANCE; INHIBITORS; EMERGENCE; ZANAMIVIR; PATIENT AB Oseltamivir is 1 of 2 antiviral medications available for the treatment of influenza B virus infections. We describe and characterize a cluster of influenza B viruses circulating in North Carolina with a mutation in the neuraminidase active site that may reduce susceptibility to oseltamivir and the investigational drug peramivir but not to zanamivir. C1 [Sleeman, Katrina; Gubareva, Larisa V.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mol Epidemiol Team, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Sheu, Tiffany G.] Battelle Mem Inst, Atlanta, GA USA. [Moore, Zack; Kilpatrick, Susan] N Carolina Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Raleigh, NC USA. RP Gubareva, LV (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mol Epidemiol Team, Influenza Div, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop G16, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM lgubareva@cdc.gov NR 15 TC 22 Z9 30 U1 1 U2 2 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD NOV PY 2011 VL 17 IS 11 BP 2043 EP 2046 DI 10.3201/eid1711.110787 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 843KI UT WOS:000296670300008 PM 22099093 ER PT J AU Goldsmith, CS Metcalfe, MG Rollin, DC Shieh, WJ Paddock, CD Xu, XY Zaki, SR AF Goldsmith, Cynthia S. Metcalfe, Maureen G. Rollin, Dominique C. Shieh, Wun-Ju Paddock, Christopher D. Xu, Xiyan Zaki, Sherif R. TI Ultrastructural Characterization of Pandemic (H1N1) 2009 Virus SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID INFLUENZA-A VIRUS; RIBONUCLEOPROTEINS; REPLICATION; MORPHOLOGY; INFECTION; PARTICLES; EMERGENCE; HUMANS; EXPORT AB We evaluated pandemic influenza A (H1N1) 2009 virus isolates and respiratory tissues collected at autopsy by electron microscopy. Many morphologic characteristics were similar to those previously described for influenza virus. One of the distinctive features was dense tubular structures in the nuclei of infected cells. C1 [Goldsmith, Cynthia S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Infect Dis Pathol Branch, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Goldsmith, CS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Infect Dis Pathol Branch, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop G32, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM cgoldsmith@cdc.gov NR 15 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD NOV PY 2011 VL 17 IS 11 BP 2056 EP 2059 DI 10.3201/eid1711.110258 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 843KI UT WOS:000296670300012 PM 22099097 ER PT J AU Blau, DM Denison, AM Bhatnagar, J DeLeon-Carnes, M Drew, C Paddock, C Shieh, WJ Zaki, SR AF Blau, Dianna M. Denison, Amy M. Bhatnagar, Julu DeLeon-Carnes, Marlene Drew, Clifton Paddock, Christopher Shieh, Wun-Ju Zaki, Sherif R. CA Infect Dis Pathology Branch TI Fatal Infectious Diseases during Pandemic (H1N1) 2009 Outbreak SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Letter ID INFLUENZA-A H1N1 C1 [Blau, Dianna M.; Denison, Amy M.; Bhatnagar, Julu; DeLeon-Carnes, Marlene; Drew, Clifton; Paddock, Christopher; Shieh, Wun-Ju; Zaki, Sherif R.; Infect Dis Pathology Branch] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Blau, DM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop G32, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM dblau@cdc.gov OI Denison, Amy/0000-0002-2163-3849 NR 6 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD NOV PY 2011 VL 17 IS 11 BP 2069 EP 2070 DI 10.3201/eid1711.110429 PG 2 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 843KI UT WOS:000296670300016 PM 22099101 ER PT J AU Tappero, JW Tauxe, RV AF Tappero, Jordan W. Tauxe, Robert V. TI Lessons Learned during Public Health Response to Cholera Epidemic in Haiti and the Dominican Republic SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID BIOTYPE; MALARIA; MEXICO; SYSTEM AB After epidemic cholera emerged in Haiti in October 2010, the disease spread rapidly in a country devastated by an earthquake earlier that year, in a population with a high proportion of infant deaths, poor nutrition, and frequent infectious diseases such as HIV infection, tuberculosis, and malaria. Many nations, multinational agencies, and nongovernmental organizations rapidly mobilized to assist Haiti. The US government provided emergency response through the Office of Foreign Disaster Assistance of the US Agency for International Development and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. This report summarizes the participation by the Centers and its partners. The efforts needed to reduce the spread of the epidemic and prevent deaths highlight the need for safe drinking water and basic medical care in such difficult circumstances and the need for rebuilding water, sanitation, and public health systems to prevent future epidemics. C1 [Tappero, Jordan W.; Tauxe, Robert V.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Tauxe, RV (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop C09, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM rvt1@cdc.gov NR 40 TC 32 Z9 33 U1 8 U2 69 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 EI 1080-6059 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD NOV PY 2011 VL 17 IS 11 BP 2087 EP 2093 DI 10.3201/eid1711.110827 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 843KI UT WOS:000296670300027 PM 22099111 ER PT J AU Tauxe, RV Lynch, M Lambert, Y Sobel, J Domercant, JW Khan, A AF Tauxe, Robert V. Lynch, Michael Lambert, Yves Sobel, Jeremy Domercant, Jean W. Khan, Azharul TI Rapid Development and Use of a Nationwide Training Program for Cholera Management, Haiti, 2010 SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article AB When epidemic cholera appeared in Haiti in October 2010, the medical community there had virtually no experience with the disease and needed rapid training as the epidemic spread throughout the country. We developed a set of training materials specific to Haiti and launched a cascading training effort. Through a training-of-trainers course in November 14-15, 2010, and department-level training conducted in French and Creole over the following 3 weeks, 521 persons were trained and equipped to further train staff at the institutions where they worked. After the training, the hospitalized cholera patients' case-fatality rate dropped from 4% to <2% by mid-December and was <1% by January 2011. Continuing in-service training, monitoring and evaluation, and integration of cholera management into regular clinical training will help sustain this success. C1 [Tauxe, Robert V.; Lynch, Michael; Sobel, Jeremy] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Lambert, Yves] Univ Haiti Sch Med, Port Au Prince, Haiti. [Lambert, Yves] Int Training & Educ Ctr HIV AIDS, Port Au Prince, Haiti. [Domercant, Jean W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Port Au Prince, Haiti. [Khan, Azharul] Int Ctr Diarrhea Dis Res, Dhaka, Bangladesh. RP Tauxe, RV (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop CO9, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM rvt1@cdc.gov NR 22 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD NOV PY 2011 VL 17 IS 11 BP 2094 EP 2098 DI 10.3201/eid1711.110857 PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 843KI UT WOS:000296670300028 PM 22099112 ER PT J AU Date, KA Vicari, A Hyde, TB Mintz, E Danovaro-Holliday, MC Henry, A Tappero, JW Roels, TH Abrams, J Burkholder, BT Ruiz-Matus, C Andrus, J Dietz, V AF Date, Kashmira A. Vicari, Andrea Hyde, Terri B. Mintz, Eric Danovaro-Holliday, M. Carolina Henry, Ariel Tappero, Jordan W. Roels, Thierry H. Abrams, Joseph Burkholder, Brenton T. Ruiz-Matus, Cuauhtemoc Andrus, Jon Dietz, Vance TI Considerations for Oral Cholera Vaccine Use during Outbreak after Earthquake in Haiti, 2010-2011 SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID DISASTERS; EPIDEMICS; RISK AB Oral cholera vaccines (OCVs) have been recommended in cholera-endemic settings and preemptively during outbreaks and complex emergencies. However, experience and guidelines for reactive use after an outbreak has started are limited. In 2010, after over a century without epidemic cholera, an outbreak was reported in Haiti after an earthquake. As intensive nonvaccine cholera control measures were initiated, the feasibility of OCV use was considered. We reviewed OCV characteristics and recommendations for their use and assessed global vaccine availability and capacity to implement a vaccination campaign. Real-time modeling was conducted to estimate vaccine impact. Ultimately, cholera vaccination was not implemented because of limited vaccine availability, complex logistical and operational challenges of a multidose regimen, and obstacles to conducting a campaign in a setting with population displacement and civil unrest. Use of OCVs is an option for cholera control; guidelines for their appropriate use in epidemic and emergency settings are urgently needed. C1 [Date, Kashmira A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global Immunizat Div, Surveillance & Vaccine Intro Team, Strengthening Immunizat Syst Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Vicari, Andrea; Danovaro-Holliday, M. Carolina; Ruiz-Matus, Cuauhtemoc; Andrus, Jon] Pan Amer Hlth Org, Washington, DC USA. [Henry, Ariel] Minist Sante Publ & Populat, Port Au Prince, Haiti. RP Date, KA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global Immunizat Div, Surveillance & Vaccine Intro Team, Strengthening Immunizat Syst Branch, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop E05, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM kdate@cdc.gov FU United Nations Children's Fund FX We thank the following organizations and their staff for their major contributions toward this paper: PAHO-Haiti, CDC-Haiti, US Department of Health and Human Services, US National Institutes of Health, US Agency for International Development, WHO Headquarters-Geneva, United Nations Children's Fund, Medicins Sans Frontieres, The Haitian Study Group for the Study of Kaposi's Sarcoma and Opportunistic Infections, Partners in Health, the International Vaccine Institute, and the CDC/ASTDR Geospatial Research, Analysis, and Services Program. NR 40 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 3 U2 26 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD NOV PY 2011 VL 17 IS 11 BP 2105 EP 2112 DI 10.3201/eid1711.110822 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 843KI UT WOS:000296670300030 PM 22099114 ER PT J AU Reimer, AR Van Domselaar, G Stroika, S Walker, M Kent, H Tarr, C Talkington, D Rowe, L Olsen-Rasmussen, M Frace, M Sammons, S Dahourou, GA Boncy, J Smith, AM Mabon, P Petkau, A Graham, M Gilmour, MW Gerner-Smidt, P AF Reimer, Aleisha R. Van Domselaar, Gary Stroika, Steven Walker, Matthew Kent, Heather Tarr, Cheryl Talkington, Deborah Rowe, Lori Olsen-Rasmussen, Melissa Frace, Michael Sammons, Scott Dahourou, Georges Anicet Boncy, Jacques Smith, Anthony M. Mabon, Philip Petkau, Aaron Graham, Morag Gilmour, Matthew W. Gerner-Smidt, Peter CA V Cholerae Outbreak Genomics Task TI Comparative Genomics of Vibrio cholerae from Haiti, Asia, and Africa SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID OUTBREAK; SEQUENCE; VARIANT; STRAIN; DNA AB Cholera was absent from the island of Hispaniola at least a century before an outbreak that began in Haiti in the fall of 2010. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) analysis of clinical isolates from the Haiti outbreak and recent global travelers returning to the United States showed indistinguishable PFGE fingerprints. To better explore the genetic ancestry of the Haiti outbreak strain, we acquired 23 whole-genome Vibrio cholerae sequences: 9 isolates obtained in Haiti or the Dominican Republic, 12 PFGE pattern-matched isolates linked to Asia or Africa, and 2 nonmatched outliers from the Western Hemisphere. Phylogenies for whole-genome sequences and core genome single-nucleotide polymorphisms showed that the Haiti outbreak strain is genetically related to strains originating in India and Cameroon. However, because no identical genetic match was found among sequenced contemporary isolates, a definitive genetic origin for the outbreak in Haiti remains speculative. C1 [Stroika, Steven; Tarr, Cheryl; Talkington, Deborah; Rowe, Lori; Olsen-Rasmussen, Melissa; Frace, Michael; Sammons, Scott; Gerner-Smidt, Peter] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Reimer, Aleisha R.; Van Domselaar, Gary; Walker, Matthew; Kent, Heather; Mabon, Philip; Petkau, Aaron; Graham, Morag; Gilmour, Matthew W.] Publ Hlth Agcy Canada, Winnipeg, MB, Canada. [Dahourou, Georges Anicet] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Port Au Prince, Haiti. [Boncy, Jacques] Minist Publ Hlth & Populat, Port Au Prince, Haiti. [Smith, Anthony M.] Natl Inst Communicable Dis, Johannesburg, South Africa. RP Gerner-Smidt, P (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop C03, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM plg5@cdc.gov FU Defense Threat Reduction Agency [B1042551] FX This study was supported in part by Transformational Medical Technologies Program Contract B1042551 from the Department of Defense Chemical and Biological Defense Program through the Defense Threat Reduction Agency. NR 30 TC 69 Z9 73 U1 1 U2 18 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD NOV PY 2011 VL 17 IS 11 BP 2113 EP 2121 DI 10.3201/eid1711.110794 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 843KI UT WOS:000296670300031 PM 22099115 ER PT J AU Talkington, D Bopp, C Tarr, C Parsons, MB Dahourou, G Freeman, M Joyce, K Turnsek, M Garrett, N Humphrys, M Gomez, G Stroika, S Boncy, J Ochieng, B Oundo, J Klena, J Smith, A Keddy, K Gerner-Smidt, P AF Talkington, Deborah Bopp, Cheryl Tarr, Cheryl Parsons, Michele B. Dahourou, Georges Freeman, Molly Joyce, Kevin Turnsek, Maryann Garrett, Nancy Humphrys, Michael Gomez, Gerardo Stroika, Steven Boncy, Jacques Ochieng, Benjamin Oundo, Joseph Klena, John Smith, Anthony Keddy, Karen Gerner-Smidt, Peter TI Characterization of Toxigenic Vibrio cholerae from Haiti, 2010-2011 SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; COMPARATIVE GENOMICS; STRAINS; NON-O1; INDIA; GENE; EVOLUTIONARY; CHROMOSOMES; EMERGENCE; SEQUENCE AB In October 2010, the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention received reports of cases of severe watery diarrhea in Haiti. The cause was confirmed to be toxigenic Vibrio cholerae, serogroup 01, serotype Ogawa, biotype El Tor. We characterized 122 isolates from Haiti and compared them with isolates from other countries. Antimicrobial drug susceptibility was tested by disk diffusion and broth microdilution. Analyses included identification of rstR and VC2346 genes, sequencing of ctxAB and tcpA genes, and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis with Sfil and Notl enzymes. All isolates were susceptible to doxycycline and azithromycin. One pulsed-field gel electrophoresis pattern predominated, and ctxB sequence of all isolates matched the B-7 allele. We identified the tcpET(CIRS) allele, which is also present in Bangladesh strain CIRS 101. These data show that the isolates from Haiti are clonally and genetically similar to isolates originating in Africa and southern Asia and that ctxB-7 and tcpET(CIRS) alleles are undergoing global dissemination. C1 [Talkington, Deborah] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Enter Dis Lab Branch, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Dahourou, Georges] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Port Au Prince, Haiti. [Ochieng, Benjamin; Oundo, Joseph] CDC Kenya Med Res Inst, Kisumu, Kenya. [Klena, John] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Boncy, Jacques] Minist Publ Hlth & Populat, Port Au Prince, Haiti. [Smith, Anthony; Keddy, Karen] Natl Inst Communicable Dis, Johannesburg, South Africa. RP Talkington, D (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Enter Dis Lab Branch, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop C03, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM dft1@cdc.gov NR 31 TC 48 Z9 52 U1 0 U2 10 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD NOV PY 2011 VL 17 IS 11 BP 2122 EP 2129 DI 10.3201/eid1711.110805 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 843KI UT WOS:000296670300032 PM 22099116 ER PT J AU O'Connor, KA Cartwright, E Loharikar, A Routh, J Gaines, J Fouche, MDB Jean-Louis, R Ayers, T Johnson, D Tappero, JW Roels, TH Archer, WR Dahourou, GA Mintz, E Quick, R Mahon, BE AF O'Connor, Katherine A. Cartwright, Emily Loharikar, Anagha Routh, Janell Gaines, Joanna Fouche, Marie-Delivrance Bernadette Jean-Louis, Reginald Ayers, Tracy Johnson, Dawn Tappero, Jordan W. Roels, Thierry H. Archer, W. Roodly Dahourou, Georges A. Mintz, Eric Quick, Robert Mahon, Barbara E. TI Risk Factors Early in the 2010 Cholera Epidemic, Haiti SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article AB During the early weeks of the cholera outbreak that began in Haiti in October 2010, we conducted a case control study to identify risk factors. Drinking treated water was strongly protective against illness. Our results highlight the effectiveness of safe water in cholera control. C1 [O'Connor, Katherine A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Fouche, Marie-Delivrance Bernadette] Minist Publ Hlth & Populat, Port Au Prince, Haiti. [Jean-Louis, Reginald; Dahourou, Georges A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Port Au Prince, Haiti. [Johnson, Dawn] Hop Albert Schweitzer, Deschapelles, Haiti. RP O'Connor, KA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop A38, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM iyo6@cdc.gov OI Ayers, Tracy/0000-0003-4140-3263 NR 5 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 18 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD NOV PY 2011 VL 17 IS 11 BP 2136 EP 2138 DI 10.3201/eid1711.110810 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 843KI UT WOS:000296670300034 PM 22099118 ER PT J AU Routh, JA Loharikar, A Fouche, MDB Cartwright, EJ Roy, SL Ailes, E Archer, WR Tappero, JW Roels, TH Dahourou, G Quick, RE AF Routh, Janell A. Loharikar, Anagha Fouche, Marie-Delivrance Bernadette Cartwright, Emily J. Roy, Sharon L. Ailes, Elizabeth Archer, W. Roodly Tappero, Jordan W. Roels, Thierry H. Dahourou, Georges Quick, Robert E. TI Rapid Assessment of Cholera-related Deaths, Artibonite Department, Haiti, 2010 SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID PRIMARY-HEALTH-CARE; HIV AB We evaluated a high (6%) cholera case-fatality rate in Haiti. Of 39 community decedents, only 23% consumed oral rehydration salts at home, and 59% did not seek care, whereas 54% of 48 health facility decedents died after overnight admission. Early in the cholera epidemic, care was inadequate or nonexistent. C1 [Routh, Janell A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Fouche, Marie-Delivrance Bernadette] Lab Natl Sante Publ, Port Au Prince, Haiti. [Ailes, Elizabeth] IHRC Inc, Atlanta, GA USA. [Dahourou, Georges] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Port Au Prince, Haiti. RP Routh, JA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop A38, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM iyp1@cdc.gov NR 14 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 11 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD NOV PY 2011 VL 17 IS 11 BP 2139 EP 2142 DI 10.3201/eid1711.110747 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 843KI UT WOS:000296670300035 PM 22099119 ER PT J AU Dunkle, SE Mba-Jonas, A Loharikar, A Fouche, B Peck, M Ayers, T Archer, WR De Rochars, VMB Bender, T Moffett, DB Tappero, JW Dahourou, G Roels, TH Quick, R AF Dunkle, Stacie E. Mba-Jonas, Adamma Loharikar, Anagha Fouche, Bernadette Peck, Mireille Ayers, Tracy Archer, W. Roodly De Rochars, Valery M. Beau Bender, Thomas Moffett, Daphne B. Tappero, Jordan W. Dahourou, George Roels, Thierry H. Quick, Robert TI Epidemic Cholera in a Crowded Urban Environment, Port-au-Prince, Haiti SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID RISK-FACTORS; PREVENTION; TRANSMISSION; AFRICA; WATER; PERU AB We conducted a case-control study to investigate factors associated with epidemic cholera. Water treatment and handwashing may have been protective, highlighting the need for personal hygiene for cholera prevention in contaminated urban environments. We also found a diverse diet, a possible proxy for improved nutrition, was protective against cholera. C1 [Dunkle, Stacie E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Div Global Migrat & Quarantine, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Fouche, Bernadette] Minist Publ Hlth & Populat, Port Au Prince, Haiti. [Peck, Mireille] Haitian Grp Study Kaposis Sarcoma & Opportunist I, Port Au Prince, Haiti. RP Dunkle, SE (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Div Global Migrat & Quarantine, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop E03, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM sdunkle@cdc.gov NR 14 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 16 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD NOV PY 2011 VL 17 IS 11 BP 2143 EP 2146 DI 10.3201/eid1711.11110772 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 843KI UT WOS:000296670300036 PM 22099120 ER PT J AU Hill, VR Cohen, N Kahler, AM Jones, JL Bopp, CA Marano, N Tarr, CL Garrett, NM Boncy, J Henry, A Gomez, GA Wellman, M Curtis, M Freeman, MM Turnsek, M Benner, RA Dahourou, G Espey, D DePaola, A Tappero, JW Handzel, T Tauxe, RV AF Hill, Vincent R. Cohen, Nicole Kahler, Amy M. Jones, Jessica L. Bopp, Cheryl A. Marano, Nina Tarr, Cheryl L. Garrett, Nancy M. Boncy, Jacques Henry, Ariel Gomez, Gerardo A. Wellman, Michael Curtis, Maurice Freeman, Molly M. Turnsek, Maryann Benner, Ronald A., Jr. Dahourou, Georges Espey, David DePaola, Angelo Tappero, Jordan W. Handzel, Tom Tauxe, Robert V. TI Toxigenic Vibrio cholerae O1 in Water and Seafood, Haiti SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; OUTBREAK; EPIDEMIC; STRAINS; DISEASE; AREA; GENE AB During the 2010 cholera outbreak in Haiti, water and seafood samples were collected to detect Vibrio cholerae. The outbreak strain of toxigenic V. cholerae 01 serotype Ogawa was isolated from freshwater and seafood samples. The cholera toxin gene was detected in harbor water samples. C1 [Hill, Vincent R.; Cohen, Nicole; Kahler, Amy M.; Bopp, Cheryl A.; Marano, Nina; Tarr, Cheryl L.; Garrett, Nancy M.; Gomez, Gerardo A.; Wellman, Michael; Curtis, Maurice; Freeman, Molly M.; Turnsek, Maryann; Espey, David; Tappero, Jordan W.; Handzel, Tom; Tauxe, Robert V.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Jones, Jessica L.; Benner, Ronald A., Jr.; DePaola, Angelo] US FDA, Dauphin Isl, AL USA. [Boncy, Jacques; Henry, Ariel] Haitian Minist Publ Hlth & Populat, Port Au Prince, Haiti. [Dahourou, Georges] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Port Au Prince, Haiti. RP Hill, VR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop D66, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM vhill@cdc.gov RI Hill, Vincent/G-1789-2012 OI Hill, Vincent/0000-0001-7069-7737 NR 15 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 12 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD NOV PY 2011 VL 17 IS 11 BP 2147 EP 2150 DI 10.3201/eid1711.110748 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 843KI UT WOS:000296670300037 PM 22099121 ER PT J AU Sjolund-Karlsson, M Reimer, A Folster, JP Walker, M Dahourou, GA Batra, DG Martin, I Joyce, K Parsons, MB Boncy, J Whichard, JM Gilmour, MW AF Sjoelund-Karlsson, Maria Reimer, Aleisha Folster, Jason P. Walker, Matthew Dahourou, Georges Anicet Batra, Dhwani Govil Martin, Irene Joyce, Kevin Parsons, Michele B. Boncy, Jacques Whichard, Jean M. Gilmour, Matthew W. TI Drug-Resistance Mechanisms in Vibrio cholerae O1 Outbreak Strain, Haiti, 2010 SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article AB To increase understanding of drug-resistant Vibrio cholerae, we studied selected molecular mechanisms of antimicrobial drug resistance in the 2010 Haiti V. cholerae outbreak strain. Most resistance resulted from acquired genes located on an integrating conjugative element showing high homology to an integrating conjugative element identified in a V. cholerae isolate from India. C1 [Sjoelund-Karlsson, Maria; Batra, Dhwani Govil; Joyce, Kevin; Parsons, Michele B.; Whichard, Jean M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Reimer, Aleisha; Walker, Matthew; Martin, Irene; Gilmour, Matthew W.] Publ Hlth Agcy Canada, Winnipeg, MB, Canada. [Folster, Jason P.] IHRC Inc, Atlanta, GA USA. [Dahourou, Georges Anicet] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Port Au Prince, Haiti. [Boncy, Jacques] Minist Publ Hlth & Populat, Port Au Prince, Haiti. RP Sjolund-Karlsson, M (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop G29, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM fwt4@cdc.gov NR 15 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 4 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD NOV PY 2011 VL 17 IS 11 BP 2151 EP 2154 DI 10.3201/eid1711.110720 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 843KI UT WOS:000296670300038 ER PT J AU De Rochars, VEMB Tipret, J Patrick, M Jacobson, L Barbour, KE Berendes, D Bensyl, D Frazier, C Domercant, JW Archer, R Roels, T Tappero, JW Handzel, T AF De Rochars, Valery E. M. Beau Tipret, Julie Patrick, Molly Jacobson, Lara Barbour, Kamil E. Berendes, David Bensyl, Diana Frazier, Cathie Domercant, Jean W. Archer, Roodly Roels, Thierry Tappero, Jordan W. Handzel, Thomas TI Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Related to Treatment and Prevention of Cholera, Haiti, 2010 SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID EPIDEMIC CHOLERA; TRANSMISSION; DIARRHEA; RISK; SOAP; PERU AB In response to the recent cholera outbreak, a public health response targeted high-risk communities, including resource-poor communities in Port-au-Prince, Haiti. A survey covering knowledge and practices indicated that hygiene messages were received and induced behavior change, specifically related to water treatment practices. Self-reported household water treatment increased from 30.3% to 73.9%. C1 [De Rochars, Valery E. M. Beau] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, EIS Field Assignments Branch, Florida Dept Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Tipret, Julie] Grp Rech & Echanges Technol, Port Au Prince, Haiti. RP De Rochars, VEMB (reprint author), 4052 Bald Cypress Way,Bin A-12, Tallahassee, FL 32399 USA. EM igk9@cdc.gov NR 13 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 3 U2 9 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD NOV PY 2011 VL 17 IS 11 BP 2158 EP 2161 DI 10.3201/eid1711.110818 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 843KI UT WOS:000296670300040 ER PT J AU Rajasingham, A Bowen, A O'Reilly, C Sholtes, K Schilling, K Hough, C Brunkard, J Domercant, JW Lerebours, G Cadet, J Quick, R Person, B AF Rajasingham, Anu Bowen, Anna O'Reilly, Ciara Sholtes, Kari Schilling, Katie Hough, Catherine Brunkard, Joan Domercant, Jean Wysler Lerebours, Gerald Cadet, Jean Quick, Robert Person, Bobbie TI Cholera Prevention Training Materials for Community Health Workers, Haiti, 2010-2011 SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID EPIDEMIC CHOLERA AB Stopping the spread of the cholera epidemic in Haiti required engaging community health workers (CHWs) in prevention and treatment activities. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention collaborated with the Haitian Ministry of Public Health and Population to develop CHW educational materials, train >1,100 CHWs, and evaluate training efforts. C1 [Rajasingham, Anu; Bowen, Anna; O'Reilly, Ciara; Sholtes, Kari; Schilling, Katie; Hough, Catherine; Brunkard, Joan; Cadet, Jean; Quick, Robert; Person, Bobbie] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Rajasingham, Anu; Sholtes, Kari] Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Domercant, Jean Wysler] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Port Au Prince, Haiti. [Lerebours, Gerald] Minist Publ Hlth & Populat, Port Au Prince, Haiti. RP Rajasingham, A (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop C09, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM idb4@cdc.gov OI Brunkard, Joan/0000-0001-5270-2627 NR 9 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 8 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD NOV PY 2011 VL 17 IS 11 BP 2162 EP 2165 DI 10.3201/eid1711.110806 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 843KI UT WOS:000296670300041 PM 22204034 ER PT J AU Newton, AE Heiman, KE Schmitz, A Torok, T Apostolou, A Hanson, H Gounder, P Bohm, S Kurkjian, K Parsons, M Talkington, D Stroika, S Madoff, LC Elson, F Sweat, D Cantu, V Akwari, O Mahon, BE Mintz, ED AF Newton, Anna E. Heiman, Katherine E. Schmitz, Ann Toeroek, Tom Apostolou, Andria Hanson, Heather Gounder, Prabhu Bohm, Susan Kurkjian, Katie Parsons, Michele Talkington, Deborah Stroika, Steven Madoff, Lawrence C. Elson, Franny Sweat, David Cantu, Venessa Akwari, Okey Mahon, Barbara E. Mintz, Eric D. TI Cholera in United States Associated with Epidemic in Hispaniola SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID ABROAD AB Cholera is rare in the United States (annual average 6 cases). Since epidemic cholera began in Hispaniola in 2010, a total of 23 cholera cases caused by toxigenic Vibrio cholerae 01 have been confirmed in the United States. Twenty-two case-patients reported travel to Hispaniola and 1 reported consumption of seafood from Haiti. C1 [Newton, Anna E.; Heiman, Katherine E.; Schmitz, Ann; Toeroek, Tom; Apostolou, Andria; Gounder, Prabhu; Kurkjian, Katie; Parsons, Michele; Talkington, Deborah; Stroika, Steven; Mahon, Barbara E.; Mintz, Eric D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Newton, Anna E.; Heiman, Katherine E.] Atlanta Res & Educ Fdn, Decatur, GA USA. [Schmitz, Ann; Toeroek, Tom] Florida Dept Hlth, Tallahassee, FL USA. [Apostolou, Andria] New Jersey Dept Hlth & Senior Serv, Trenton, NJ USA. [Hanson, Heather; Gounder, Prabhu] New York City Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, New York, NY USA. [Bohm, Susan] Michigan Dept Community Hlth, Lansing, MI USA. [Kurkjian, Katie] Virginia Dept Hlth, Richmond, VA USA. [Madoff, Lawrence C.; Elson, Franny] Massachusetts Dept Publ Hlth, Jamaica Plain, MA USA. [Sweat, David] N Carolina Div Publ Hlth, Raleigh, NC USA. [Cantu, Venessa] Texas Dept State Hlth Serv, Austin, TX USA. [Akwari, Okey] Houston Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Houston, TX USA. RP Newton, AE (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop C09, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM ivz9@cdc.gov NR 7 TC 14 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 2 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD NOV PY 2011 VL 17 IS 11 BP 2166 EP 2168 DI 10.3201/eid1711.110808 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 843KI UT WOS:000296670300042 PM 22204035 ER PT J AU Selent, MU McWhorter, A De Rochars, VMB Myers, R Hunter, DW Brown, CM Cohen, NJ Molinari, NA Warwar, K Robbins, D Heiman, KE Newton, AE Schmitz, A Oraze, MJ Marano, N AF Selent, Monica U. McWhorter, Amanda De Rochars, Valery M. Beau Myers, Rebecca Hunter, David W. Brown, Clive M. Cohen, Nicole J. Molinari, Noelle A. Warwar, Kirsten Robbins, Danisha Heiman, Katherine E. Newton, Anna E. Schmitz, Ann Oraze, Michael J. Marano, Nina TI Travel Health Alert Notices and Haiti Cholera Outbreak, Florida, USA, 2011 SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article AB To enhance the timeliness of medical evaluation for cholera-like illness during the 2011 cholera outbreak in Hispaniola, printed Travel Health Alert Notices (T-HANs) were distributed to travelers from Haiti to the United States. Evaluation of the T-HANs' influence on travelers' health care seeking behavior suggested T-HANs might positively influence health care-seeking behavior. C1 [Selent, Monica U.; McWhorter, Amanda; De Rochars, Valery M. Beau; Myers, Rebecca; Hunter, David W.; Brown, Clive M.; Cohen, Nicole J.; Molinari, Noelle A.; Warwar, Kirsten; Robbins, Danisha; Schmitz, Ann; Marano, Nina] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Heiman, Katherine E.; Newton, Anna E.] Atlanta Res & Educ Fdn, Decatur, GA USA. [Oraze, Michael J.] US Customs & Border Protect, Washington, DC USA. RP Selent, MU (reprint author), USAFSAM PHR, 2510 5th St, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. EM monica.selent@wpafb.af.mil NR 3 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD NOV PY 2011 VL 17 IS 11 BP 2169 EP 2171 DI 10.3201/eid1711.110721 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 843KI UT WOS:000296670300043 PM 22204040 ER PT J AU Jimenez, ML Apostolou, A Suarez, AJP Meyer, L Hiciano, S Newton, A Morgan, O Then, C Pimentel, R AF Laura Jimenez, Mercedes Apostolou, Andria Palmera Suarez, Alba Jazmin Meyer, Luis Hiciano, Salvador Newton, Anna Morgan, Oliver Then, Cecilia Pimentel, Raquel TI Multinational Cholera Outbreak after Wedding in the Dominican Republic SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article AB We conducted a case control study of a cholera outbreak after a wedding in the Dominican Republic, January 22, 2011. III persons were more likely to report having consumed shrimp on ice (odds ratio 8.50) and ice cubes in beverages (odds ratio 3.62). Travelers to cholera, affected areas should avoid consuming uncooked seafood and untreated water. C1 [Laura Jimenez, Mercedes; Meyer, Luis; Hiciano, Salvador; Then, Cecilia; Pimentel, Raquel] Minist Publ Hlth, Santo Domingo, Dominican Rep. [Laura Jimenez, Mercedes] Field Epidemiol Training Program, Santo Domingo, Dominican Rep. [Apostolou, Andria] New Jersey Dept Hlth & Senior Serv, Trenton, NJ USA. [Apostolou, Andria; Newton, Anna] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Palmera Suarez, Alba Jazmin] Pan Amer Hlth Org, Santo Domingo, Dominican Rep. [Newton, Anna] Atlanta Res & Educ Fdn, Decatur, GA USA. [Morgan, Oliver] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Santo Domingo, Dominican Rep. RP Jimenez, ML (reprint author), Minist Publ Hlth, Ave Tiradentes Esquina, Santo Domingo, Dominican Rep. EM mercelaura@gmail.com NR 5 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 5 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 EI 1080-6059 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD NOV PY 2011 VL 17 IS 11 BP 2172 EP 2174 DI 10.3201/eid1711.111263 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 843KI UT WOS:000296670300044 PM 22204039 ER PT J AU Mendoza, C Meites, E Briere, E Gernay, J Morgan, O Monegro, NR AF Mendoza, Consuelo Meites, Elissa Briere, Elizabeth Gernay, Jacqueline Morgan, Oliver Rodriguez Monegro, Nelson CA Hosp Preparedness Working Grp TI Preparing Health Care Workers for a Cholera Epidemic, Dominican Republic, 2010 SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Letter ID HAITI C1 [Meites, Elissa; Briere, Elizabeth; Morgan, Oliver] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Mendoza, Consuelo; Rodriguez Monegro, Nelson] Minist Salud Publ & Asistencia Social, Santo Domingo, Dominican Rep. [Gernay, Jacqueline] Pan Amer Hlth Org, Santo Domingo, Dominican Rep. RP Meites, E (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop E02, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM emeites@cdc.gov OI Meites, Elissa/0000-0002-0077-2591 NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 5 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD NOV PY 2011 VL 17 IS 11 BP 2177 EP 2178 DI 10.3201/eid1711.110703 PG 2 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 843KI UT WOS:000296670300046 PM 22204042 ER PT J AU Potter, P AF Potter, Polyxeni TI Persistence of Memory and the Comma Bacillus SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Editorial Material ID VIBRIO-CHOLERAE; HAITI C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Potter, P (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop D61, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM pmp1@cdc.gov NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD NOV PY 2011 VL 17 IS 11 BP 2181 EP 2182 DI 10.3201/eid1711.AC1711 PG 2 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 843KI UT WOS:000296670300049 ER PT J AU Andrade, CC Maharaj, PD Reisen, WK Brault, AC AF Andrade, Christy C. Maharaj, Payal D. Reisen, William K. Brault, Aaron C. TI North American West Nile virus genotype isolates demonstrate differential replicative capacities in response to temperature SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID NORTHEASTERN UNITED-STATES; PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS; ENCEPHALITIS-VIRUS; DENGUE VIRUS; NEW-YORK; CALIFORNIA; STRAINS; NS4A; NS1; TRANSMISSION AB The presence of West Nile virus (WNV) was first documented in California, USA, during the summer of 2003, and subsequently the virus has become endemic throughout the state. Sequence analysis has demonstrated that the circulating strains are representative of the North American (WN02) genotype that has displaced the East Coast genotype (NY99). A recent study has indicated that enhanced vector competence at elevated temperatures may have played a role in the displacement of the East Coast genotype by WN02. In the current study, four WN02 strains from California, including an initial 2003 isolate (COAV997), were compared to strain NY99 in growth curve assays in mosquito and duck embryonic fibroblast (DEF) cell lines at differing, biologically relevant temperatures to assess the relative temperature sensitivities of these natural isolates. COAV997 was significantly debilitated in viral replication in DEF cells at 44 degrees C. Full-length sequence comparison of COAV997 against the NY99 reference strain revealed non-synonymous mutations in the envelope glycoprotein (V159A), non-structural protein 1 (NS1) (K110N) and non-structural protein 4A (NS4A) (F92L), as well as two mutations in the 3' UTR: C -> T at nt 10 772 and A -> G at nt 10851. These non-synonymous mutations were introduced into the NY99 viral backbone by site-directed mutagenesis. A mutant containing the NS1-K110N and NS4A-F92L mutations exhibited a debilitated growth phenotype in DEF cells at 44 degrees C, similar to that of COAV997. One explanation for the subsistence of this genotype is that COAV997 was obtained from an area of California where avian host species might not present elevated temperatures. These data indicate that the NS1 and NS4A mutations identified in some WN02 isolates could reduce thermal stability and impede replication of virus at temperatures observed in febrile avian hosts. C1 [Andrade, Christy C.; Maharaj, Payal D.; Reisen, William K.; Brault, Aaron C.] Univ Calif Davis, Sch Vet Med, Ctr Vector Borne Dis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Andrade, Christy C.; Maharaj, Payal D.; Reisen, William K.; Brault, Aaron C.] Univ Calif Davis, Sch Vet Med, Dept Pathol Microbiol & Immunol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Maharaj, Payal D.; Brault, Aaron C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, Ft Collins, CO USA. RP Brault, AC (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Sch Vet Med, Ctr Vector Borne Dis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM abrault@cdc.gov OI Maharaj, Payal/0000-0002-4157-4479 FU National Institutes of Health (NIH) [T32 AI074550]; Science and Technology Directorate, Department of Homeland Security and Fogarty International Center, NIH; National Institutes of Allergy and Infectious Diseases [R01-AI55607]; Pacific South-west Regional Center for Excellence [U54 AI065359]; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CI000235] FX We thank Kelly Anderson and Pooja Maharaj for technical assistance. C. Andrade was supported by National Institutes of Health (NIH) training grant T32 AI074550. W. K. Reisen was supported, in part, by the Research and Policy in Infectious Disease Dynamics (RAPIDD) Program of the Science and Technology Directorate, Department of Homeland Security and Fogarty International Center, NIH. This research was funded, in part, by grants from the National Institutes of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, R01-AI55607, using American Recovery and Reinvestment Act Support as well as funding from the Pacific South-west Regional Center for Excellence U54 AI065359 and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention CI000235. NR 37 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 2 U2 10 PU SOC GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY PI READING PA MARLBOROUGH HOUSE, BASINGSTOKE RD, SPENCERS WOODS, READING RG7 1AG, BERKS, ENGLAND SN 0022-1317 J9 J GEN VIROL JI J. Gen. Virol. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 92 BP 2523 EP 2533 DI 10.1099/vir.0.032318-0 PN 11 PG 11 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology GA 847DO UT WOS:000296952300006 PM 21775581 ER PT J AU Rim, SH Polonec, L Stewart, SL Gelb, CA AF Rim, Sun Hee Polonec, Lindsey Stewart, Sherri L. Gelb, Cynthia A. TI A National Initiative for Women and Healthcare Providers: CDC's Inside Knowledge: Get the Facts About Gynecologic Cancer Campaign SO JOURNAL OF WOMENS HEALTH LA English DT Article ID OVARIAN-CANCER; UNITED-STATES; PAP-SMEAR; SYMPTOMS; DIAGNOSIS; AWARENESS; EARLIER; CLINICS; BRCA1 AB The Inside Knowledge: Get the Facts About Gynecologic Cancer campaign raises awareness of the five main types of gynecologic cancer: cervical, ovarian, uterine, vaginal, and vulvar. It encourages women to pay attention to their bodies and know what is normal for them so they can recognize the warning signs of gynecologic cancers and seek medical care. This report provides an overview of the development of this national campaign. C1 [Rim, Sun Hee; Polonec, Lindsey; Stewart, Sherri L.; Gelb, Cynthia A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Rim, SH (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Highway NE,MS K-55, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM srim@cdc.gov; cgelb@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 25 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 3 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1540-9996 J9 J WOMENS HEALTH JI J. Womens Health PD NOV PY 2011 VL 20 IS 11 BP 1579 EP 1585 DI 10.1089/jwh.2011.3202 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Women's Studies SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Women's Studies GA 846SV UT WOS:000296924400001 PM 21933006 ER PT J AU Krieg, EF Feng, HA AF Krieg, Edward F., Jr. Feng, Huiling A. TI The relationships between blood lead levels and serum follicle stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999-2002 SO REPRODUCTIVE TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE NHANES; Blood lead; Follicle stimulating hormone; Luteinizing hormone; FSH; LH ID GONADOTROPIN-RELEASING-HORMONE; DELTA-AMINOLEVULINIC-ACID; GAMMA-AMINOBUTYRIC-ACID; D-ASPARTATE RECEPTOR; COMBINED EXPOSURE; LUTEAL FUNCTION; RHESUS-MONKEYS; GABA RECEPTORS; L-HOMOCYSTEINE; IN-VITRO AB The relationships between blood lead levels and serum follicle stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone were assessed in a nationally representative sample of women, 35-60 years old, from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999-2002. The blood lead levels of the women ranged from 0.2 to 17.0 mu g/dL. The estimated geometric mean was 1.4 mu g/dL, and the estimated arithmetic mean was 1.6 mu g/dL. As the blood lead level increased, the concentration of serum follicle stimulating hormone increased in post-menopausal women, women who had both ovaries removed, and pre-menopausal women. The concentration of luteinizing hormone increased as blood lead level increased in postmenopausal women and women who had both ovaries removed. The lowest concentrations of blood lead at which a relationship was detected were 0.9 mu g/dL for follicle stimulating hormone and 3.2 mu g/dL for luteinizing hormone. Lead may act directly or indirectly at ovarian and non-ovarian sites to increase the concentrations of follicle stimulating hormone and luteinizing hormone. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Krieg, Edward F., Jr.] NIOSH, Robert A Taft Labs, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Feng, Huiling A.] NIOSH, Alice B Hamilton Labs, Cincinnati, OH 45213 USA. RP Krieg, EF (reprint author), NIOSH, Robert A Taft Labs, 4676 Columbia Pkwy,MS C-22, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM erk3@cdc.gov; haf0@cdc.gov NR 71 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 5 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0890-6238 J9 REPROD TOXICOL JI Reprod. Toxicol. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 32 IS 3 BP 277 EP 285 DI 10.1016/j.reprotox.2011.05.012 PG 9 WC Reproductive Biology; Toxicology SC Reproductive Biology; Toxicology GA 846WY UT WOS:000296935100004 PM 21669282 ER PT J AU Bloss, E Newbill, K Peto, H Rice, MJ Ainsworth, G Travnicek, R Holcombe, M Haddad, MB Oeltmann, JE AF Bloss, Emily Newbill, Kimberly Peto, Heather Rice, Michael J. Ainsworth, Gail Travnicek, Robert Holcombe, Mike Haddad, Maryam B. Oeltmann, John E. TI Challenges and Opportunities in a Tuberculosis Outbreak Investigation in Southern Mississippi, 2005-2007 SO SOUTHERN MEDICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE epidemiology; Mississippi; outbreak; tuberculosis AB Objective: Between December 2005 and November 2007, a cluster of 11 tuberculosis (TB) cases emerged in Jackson County, Mississippi. We investigated the potential sources of disease transmission and epidemiologic links in this cluster to prevent future transmission in the community. Materials and Methods: Cases of TB reported in Jackson County from December 2005 to November 2007 having matching genotypes or social links to patients with matching genotypes were included in the investigation. We interviewed patients, reviewed medical records, and performed contact investigations. Results: The combined genotyping and epidemiologic data pointed to ongoing TB transmission in this rural community. A combination of patient-specific and programmatic factors, including substance use, delays in TB diagnosis, nonadherence, and TB program staffing cuts, contributed to this outbreak in the context of the 2004 and 2005 Atlantic hurricane seasons. Conclusions: To eliminate Mycobacterium tuberculosis transmission in this setting, recommendations for the TB program include enhanced coordination with substance abuse programs, community and provider education, and increased outreach capacity. C1 [Bloss, Emily] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. Jackson Cty Hlth Dept, Pascagoula, MS USA. Dist 9 Publ Hlth Off, Gulfport, MS USA. Mississippi Dept Hlth, Jackson, MS USA. RP Bloss, E (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E-10, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM dpu2@cdc.gov NR 15 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0038-4348 J9 SOUTH MED J JI South.Med.J. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 104 IS 11 BP 731 EP 735 DI 10.1097/SMJ.0b0.3e318232679e PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 841SH UT WOS:000296532900005 PM 22024779 ER PT J AU Kersh, GJ Oliver, LD Self, JS Fitzpatrick, KA Massung, RF AF Kersh, Gilbert J. Oliver, Lindsay D. Self, Joshua S. Fitzpatrick, Kelly A. Massung, Robert F. TI Virulence of Pathogenic Coxiella burnetii Strains After Growth in the Absence of Host Cells SO VECTOR-BORNE AND ZOONOTIC DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Coxiella burnetii; Culture techniques; Q fever; Virulence ID Q-FEVER; INTRASTRAIN; INFECTION; MICE AB Coxiella burnetii is a gram-negative bacterium that causes the zoonotic disease Q fever. Traditionally considered an obligate intracellular agent, the requirement to be grown in tissue culture cells, embryonated eggs, or animal hosts has made it difficult to isolate strains and perform genetic studies on C. burnetii. However, it was recently demonstrated that the attenuated Nine Mile Phase 2 (NM2) C. burnetii strain will grow axenically in acidified citrate cysteine medium (ACCM) in a 2.5% oxygen environment. The current study was undertaken to determine whether more virulent C. burnetii strains could be grown in ACCM, and whether virulence would be maintained after passage. The ACCM medium supported an similar to 1000-fold expansion of Nine Mile Phase 1 (NM1), NM2, M44, and Henzerling strains of C. burnetii, whereas the Priscilla (Q177) strain expanded only 100-fold, and the K strain (Q154) grew poorly in ACCM. To determine if passage in ACCM would maintain the virulence of C. burnetii, the NM1 strain was grown for up to 26 weekly passages in ACCM. C. burnetii maintained in ACCM for 5 or 8 passages maintained full virulence in a mouse model, but NM1 passaged for 23 or 26 times was somewhat attenuated. These data demonstrate that virulent strains of C. burnetii can be successfully passaged in ACCM; however, some strains can lose virulence after extended passage, and other strains grow poorly in this medium. The loss of virulence in axenic culture was associated with some truncation of lipopolysaccharide chains, suggesting a possible mechanism for attenuation. C1 [Kersh, Gilbert J.; Oliver, Lindsay D.; Self, Joshua S.; Fitzpatrick, Kelly A.; Massung, Robert F.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Rickettsial Zoonoses Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Kersh, GJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Rickettsial Zoonoses Branch, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS G-13, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM gkersh@cdc.gov NR 20 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 1 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1530-3667 J9 VECTOR-BORNE ZOONOT JI Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 11 IS 11 BP 1433 EP 1438 DI 10.1089/vbz.2011.0670 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 846SO UT WOS:000296923700003 PM 21867419 ER PT J AU Brown, HE Levy, CE Enscore, RE Schriefer, ME DeLiberto, TJ Gage, KL Eisen, RJ AF Brown, Heidi E. Levy, Craig E. Enscore, Russell E. Schriefer, Martin E. DeLiberto, Thomas J. Gage, Kenneth L. Eisen, Rebecca J. TI Annual Seroprevalence of Yersinia pestis in Coyotes as Predictors of Interannual Variation in Reports of Human Plague Cases in Arizona, United States SO VECTOR-BORNE AND ZOONOTIC DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Arizona; Coyote seroprevalence rates; Meteorology; Plague; Yersinia pestis ID CANIS-LATRANS; NEW-MEXICO; SPATIAL-ANALYSIS; SYLVATIC PLAGUE; BUBONIC PLAGUE; RISK-FACTORS; HOME RANGE; CLIMATE; SURVEILLANCE; PRECIPITATION AB Although several health departments collect coyote blood samples for plague surveillance, the association between reported human cases and coyote seroprevalence rates remains anecdotal. Using data from an endemic region of the United States, we sought to quantify this association. From 1974 to 1998, about 2,276 coyote blood samples from four Arizona counties were tested for serological evidence of exposure to Yersinia pestis, the causative agent of plague. Using a titer threshold presumed to be indicative of recent infection (serum titers of >= 1:256), we found a statistically significant relationship between years with >17% sero-positive coyotes and years with two or more human cases reported. Moreover, when the annual coyote seroprevalence rates were dichotomized at 17%, 84% of the years were correctly classified using four biologically relevant meteorological variables in a linear regression. This is the first time a statistically significant temporal association between human plague cases and coyote seroprevalence rates has been shown. However, issues with data resolution and surveillance effort that potentially limit the public health utility of using coyote seroprevalence rates are discussed. C1 [Brown, Heidi E.; Enscore, Russell E.; Schriefer, Martin E.; Gage, Kenneth L.; Eisen, Rebecca J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Levy, Craig E.] Arizona Dept Hlth Serv, Phoenix, AZ 85007 USA. [DeLiberto, Thomas J.] Wildlife Serv, Natl Wildlife Dis Program, Anim & Plant Hlth Inspect Serv, USDA, Ft Collins, CO USA. RP Brown, HE (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Sch Geog & Dev, 1103 2nd St,Harvill Room 405, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. EM heidibrown@email.arizona.edu OI Brown, Heidi/0000-0001-8578-5510 FU U.S. Department of Energy; CDC FX We thank numerous employees of the USDA, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Services, Wildlife Services, for the collection of coyote samples. We thank John Young, CDC, NCEZID, DVBD, for helpful discussion. This research was supported in part by the appointment of Heidi E. Brown to the Research Participation Program at the CDC, NCEZID, DVBD, administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an interagency agreement between the U.S. Department of Energy and the CDC. NR 43 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 12 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1530-3667 J9 VECTOR-BORNE ZOONOT JI Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 11 IS 11 BP 1439 EP 1446 DI 10.1089/vbz.2010.0196 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 846SO UT WOS:000296923700004 PM 21756031 ER PT J AU Luong, LT Vigliotti, BA Campbell, S Comer, JA Mills, JN Hudson, PJ AF Luong, Lien T. Vigliotti, Beth A. Campbell, Shelley Comer, James A. Mills, James N. Hudson, Peter J. TI Dynamics of Hantavirus Infection in Peromyscus leucopus of Central Pennsylvania SO VECTOR-BORNE AND ZOONOTIC DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Epizootiology; Hanta-specific antibodies; Hantavirus; Peromyscus; White-footed mouse ID SIN-NOMBRE-VIRUS; SOUTHWESTERN UNITED-STATES; MALE NORWAY RATS; POPULATION-DYNAMICS; PULMONARY SYNDROME; RESERVOIR POPULATIONS; DEER MICE; ANTIBODY; RODENTS; ASSOCIATION AB Hantaviruses are distributed throughout the United States and are the etiologic agents for hantavirus pulmonary syndrome and hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome. Hantavirus genotypes and epidemiologic patterns vary spatially across the United States. While several longitudinal studies have been performed in the western United States, little is known about the virus in the eastern United States. We undertook a longitudinal study of hantaviruses in the primary rodent reservoir host in central Pennsylvania, Peromyscus leucopus. Prevalence of hantavirus antibodies varied both by year and site, but was not correlated with host abundance. Males were significantly more likely to have antibodies to a hantavirus than females, and both antibody sero-conversion and antibody prevalence increased with mass class (indicator for age). Our findings suggest that one or more hantaviruses are present and circulating among P. leucopus of central Pennsylvania, and understanding the dynamics in this region could help prevent zoonotic transmission to humans. Our aim was to describe the differences in epizootiology of hantavirus infection in rodents from various geographical locations to enable improved analysis of the risk of rodent-to-human transmission and obtain insights that may indicate improved means of disease intervention. C1 [Luong, Lien T.] Penn State Univ, Dept Biol, Mueller Lab 208, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Campbell, Shelley; Comer, James A.; Mills, James N.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Viral Special Pathogens Branch, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathogenesis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Luong, LT (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Biol, Mueller Lab 208, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM ltl1@psu.edu RI Luong, Lien/A-5839-2016 OI Luong, Lien/0000-0003-4350-4164 FU National Science Foundation [0520468]; NIH FX We would like to thank K. Vandegrift, D. Grear, and J. Sinclair for collecting the field data and blood samples. We especially thank H. Mays and the Cincinnati Museum Center for assistance with the Peromyscus DNA barcoding. This research was funded by the National Science Foundation (Grant number: 0520468). P. J. H. was supported by the RAPIDD program from NIH. NR 34 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 3 U2 17 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1530-3667 J9 VECTOR-BORNE ZOONOT JI Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 11 IS 11 BP 1459 EP 1464 DI 10.1089/vbz.2010.0255 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 846SO UT WOS:000296923700007 PM 21756028 ER PT J AU Kuzmin, IV Turmelle, AS Agwanda, B Markotter, W Niezgoda, M Breiman, RF Rupprecht, CE AF Kuzmin, Ivan V. Turmelle, Amy S. Agwanda, Bernard Markotter, Wanda Niezgoda, Michael Breiman, Robert F. Rupprecht, Charles E. TI Commerson's Leaf-Nosed Bat (Hipposideros commersoni) is the Likely Reservoir of Shimoni Bat Virus SO VECTOR-BORNE AND ZOONOTIC DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Bat; Field studies; Kenya; Lyssavirus; Rabies; Serology; Shimoni bat virus; Seroprevalence; Surveillance; Zoonosis ID LAGOS BAT; LYSSAVIRUSES; PATHOGENICITY; MOKOLA AB In this study we attempted to identify whether Commerson's leaf-nosed bat (Hipposideros commersoni) is the reservoir of Shimoni bat virus (SHIBV), which was isolated from a bat of this species in 2009. An alternative explanation is that the isolation of SHIBV from H. commersoni was a result of spill-over infection from other species, particularly from the Egyptian fruit bats (Rousettus aegyptiacus), which frequently sympatrically roost with H. commersoni and are known as the reservoir of the phylogenetically related Lagos bat virus (LBV). To evaluate these hypotheses, 769 bats of at least 17 species were sampled from 18 locations across Kenya during 2009-2010. Serum samples were subjected to virus neutralization tests against SHIBV and LBV. A limited amount of cross-neutralization between LBV and SHIBV was detected. However, H. commersoni bats demonstrated greater seroprevalence to SHIBV than to LBV, and greater virus-neutralizing titers to SHIBV than to LBV, with a mean difference of 1.16 log(10) (95% confidence intervals [CI]: 0.94-1.40; p < 0.001). The opposite pattern was observed for sera of R. aegyptiacus bats, with a mean titer difference of 1.06 log(10) (95% CI: 0.83-1.30; p < 0.001). Moreover, the seroprevalence in H. commersoni to SHIBV in the cave where these bats sympatrically roosted with R. aegyptiacus (and where SHIBV was isolated in 2009) was similar to their seroprevalence to SHIBV in a distant cave where no R. aegyptiacus were present (18.9% and 25.0%, respectively). These findings suggest that H. commersoni is the host species of SHIBV. Additional surveillance is needed to better understand the ecology of this virus and the potential risks of infection to humans and other mammalian species. C1 [Kuzmin, Ivan V.; Turmelle, Amy S.; Niezgoda, Michael; Rupprecht, Charles E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Rabies Program, Poxvirus & Rabies Branch, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Agwanda, Bernard] Natl Museums Kenya, Mammal Sect, Nairobi, Kenya. [Markotter, Wanda] Univ Pretoria, Dept Microbiol & Plant Pathol, Fac Nat & Agr Sci, ZA-0002 Pretoria, South Africa. [Breiman, Robert F.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent Kenya, Nairobi, Kenya. RP Kuzmin, IV (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Rabies Program, Poxvirus & Rabies Branch, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM ibk3@cdc.gov OI Markotter, Wanda/0000-0002-7550-0080 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (Atlanta, GA); Global Disease Detection Division of CDC-Kenya (Nairobi) FX This study was supported in part by the Global Disease Detection Program of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (Atlanta, GA) and Global Disease Detection Division of CDC-Kenya (Nairobi). The authors express thanks to Edwin Danga, Evelyne Mulama, Solomon Gikundi, Leonard Nderitu, and Erick Ogola (CDC-Kenya) for excellent logistic and laboratory support and to Anne E. Mayer (University of Minnesota) for excellent technical work in the field during bat sampling. The authors appreciate discussions on bat taxonomy with Jakob Fahr (University of Ulm, Germany). NR 18 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 9 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1530-3667 J9 VECTOR-BORNE ZOONOT JI Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 11 IS 11 BP 1465 EP 1470 DI 10.1089/vbz.2011.0663 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 846SO UT WOS:000296923700008 PM 21867415 ER PT J AU Phoutrides, EK Coulibaly, MB George, CM Sacko, A Traore, S Bessoff, K Wiley, MR Kolivras, KN Adelman, Z Traore, M Hunsperger, EA AF Phoutrides, Elena K. Coulibaly, Mamadou B. George, Christine M. Sacko, Adama Traore, Sekou Bessoff, Kovi Wiley, Michael R. Kolivras, Korine N. Adelman, Zach Traore, Mohamed Hunsperger, Elizabeth A. TI Dengue Virus Seroprevalence Among Febrile Patients in Bamako, Mali: Results of a 2006 Surveillance Study SO VECTOR-BORNE AND ZOONOTIC DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Dengue viruses; Flavivirus; West Africa; Serosurvey ID LINKED IMMUNOSORBENT ASSAYS; BURKINA-FASO; YELLOW-FEVER; DIAGNOSIS; SENEGAL; AMPLIFICATION; ARBOVIRUSES; INFECTIONS AB Background: Dengue viruses (DENV) are endemic in over 100 countries worldwide, and annually 50 to 100 million people are infected by one of the four DENV serotypes, whereas over 2.5 billion people are at risk for infection. West African countries lack the surveillance to determine the true incidence of dengue; hence, this disease is likely significantly underestimated. In Mali, similar to 14 million people are potentially at risk of acquiring a dengue infection. Methods and Findings: A serosurvey for DENV was conducted on 95 human serum samples obtained from the Institute National de Recherche en Sante Publique in 2006. DENV-specific IgM and IgG enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays were performed on all samples, and a subset was tested using the plaque-reduction neutralization test against the DENV and yellow fever virus (YFV). Samples collected during the acute infection (0-5 days postonset of symptoms) were tested for dengue NS1 antigen and reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction for Flaviviruses, Alphaviruses, and Bunyaviruses RNA. A total of 87 (93%) of samples were positive for anti-DENV IgG antibodies. Of a subset of 13 IgG positive samples, 2 samples neutralized monotypically against DENV-1 and -2, whereas 3 others neutralized broadly against YFV and multiple DENV. Although no polymerase chain reaction positives were found, DENV NS1 was detected in 1 of the 20 acute samples tested. Conclusions: Of the 93 human serum samples tested, the dengue prevalence based on dengue IgG enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay results was 93%. Three DENV specific positive samples and two YFV positives were identified by plaque-reduction neutralization test. Finally, one sample tested positive for dengue NS1, thus suggestive of an acute infection within 14 days of obtaining the sample from the patient. Based on these serological data from this study, YFV and DENV appear to be co-circulating in Mali. C1 [Phoutrides, Elena K.; Bessoff, Kovi; Hunsperger, Elizabeth A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, Dengue Branch, San Juan, PR 00920 USA. [Coulibaly, Mamadou B.; Sacko, Adama; Traore, Mohamed] Univ Bamako, Malaria Res & Training Ctr, Fac Med Pharm & Dent, Bamako, Mali. [George, Christine M.; Wiley, Michael R.; Adelman, Zach] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Entomol, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Traore, Sekou] INRSP, Bamako, Mali. [Kolivras, Korine N.] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Geog, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. RP Hunsperger, EA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, Dengue Branch, 1324 Calle Canada, San Juan, PR 00920 USA. EM enh4@cdc.gov OI Adelman, Zach/0000-0001-5901-7171 NR 29 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1530-3667 J9 VECTOR-BORNE ZOONOT JI Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 11 IS 11 BP 1479 EP 1485 DI 10.1089/vbz.2011.0622 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 846SO UT WOS:000296923700010 PM 21767159 ER PT J AU Dorell, CG Sutton, MY Oster, AM Hardnett, F Thomas, PE Gaul, ZJ Mena, LA Heffelfinger, JD AF Dorell, Christina G. Sutton, Madeline Y. Oster, Alexandra M. Hardnett, Felicia Thomas, Peter E. Gaul, Zaneta J. Mena, Leandro A. Heffelfinger, James D. TI Missed Opportunities for HIV Testing in Health Care Settings Among Young African American Men Who Have Sex with Men: Implications for the HIV Epidemic SO AIDS PATIENT CARE AND STDS LA English DT Article ID YORK-CITY MEN; UNITED-STATES; BLACK-MEN; CLINICAL INTERVENTION; RISK BEHAVIORS; PERSONS AWARE; US ADULTS; PREVENTION; PERCEPTIONS; POPULATION AB Limited health care access and missed opportunities for HIV and other sexually transmitted infection (STI) education and testing in health care settings may contribute to risk of HIV infection. In 2008, we conducted a case-control study of African American men who have sex with men (MSM) in a southeastern city (Jackson, Mississippi) with an increase in numbers of newly reported HIV cases. Our aims were to evaluate associations between health care and HIV infection and to identify missed opportunities for HIV/STI testing. We queried 40 potential HIV-infected cases and 936 potential HIV-uninfected controls for participation in this study. Study enrollees included HIV-infected cases (n = 30) and HIV-uninfected controls (n = 95) who consented to participate and responded to a self-administered computerized survey about sexual risk behaviors and health care utilization. We used bivariate analysis and logistic regression to test for associations between potential risk factors and HIV infection. Cases were more likely than controls to lack health insurance (odds ratio [OR] = 2.5; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.1-5.7), lack a primary care provider (OR = 6.3; CI = 2.3-16.8), and to not have received advice about HIV or STI testing or prevention (OR = 5.4; CI = 1.3-21.5) or disclose their sexual identity (OR = 7.0; CI = 1.6-29.2) to a health care provider. In multivariate analysis, lacking a primary health care provider (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 4.5; CI = 1.4-14.7) and not disclosing sexual identity to a health care provider (AOR = 8.6; CI = 1.8-40.0) were independent risk factors for HIV infection among African American MSM. HIV prevention interventions for African American MSM should address access to primary health care providers for HIV/STI prevention and testing services and the need for increased discussions about sexual health, sexual identity, and sexual behaviors between providers and patients in an effort to reduce HIV incidence and HIV-related health disparities. C1 [Dorell, Christina G.; Sutton, Madeline Y.; Oster, Alexandra M.; Hardnett, Felicia; Thomas, Peter E.; Gaul, Zaneta J.; Heffelfinger, James D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Dorell, Christina G.; Oster, Alexandra M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Off Workforce & Career Dev, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Mena, Leandro A.] Univ Mississippi, Med Ctr, Jackson, MS 39216 USA. [Mena, Leandro A.] Mississippi Dept Hlth, Jackson, MS USA. RP Sutton, MY (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E-45, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM msutton@cdc.gov NR 49 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 5 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1087-2914 J9 AIDS PATIENT CARE ST JI Aids Patient Care STDS PD NOV PY 2011 VL 25 IS 11 BP 657 EP 664 DI 10.1089/apc.2011.0203 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 842FD UT WOS:000296577100005 PM 21923415 ER PT J AU Ari, MD Guracha, A Fadeel, MA Njuguna, C Njenga, MK Kalani, R Abdi, H Warfu, O Omballa, V Tetteh, C Breiman, RF Pimentel, G Feikin, DR AF Ari, Mary D. Guracha, Argata Fadeel, Moustafa Abdel Njuguna, Charles Njenga, M. Kariuki Kalani, Rosalia Abdi, Hassan Warfu, Osman Omballa, Victor Tetteh, Christopher Breiman, Robert F. Pimentel, Guillermo Feikin, Daniel R. TI Challenges of Establishing the Correct Diagnosis of Outbreaks of Acute Febrile Illnesses in Africa: The Case of a Likely Brucella Outbreak among Nomadic Pastoralists, Northeast Kenya, March-July 2005 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID REAL-TIME PCR; LINKED-IMMUNOSORBENT-ASSAY; CLINICAL LEPTOSPIROSIS; SERUM SAMPLES; ANTIBODIES; IGG; BLOOD; AGGLUTINATION; PERSISTENCE; ANTIGENS AB An outbreak of acute febrile illness was reported among Somali pastoralists in remote, arid Northeast Kenya, where drinking raw milk is common. Blood specimens from 12 patients, collected mostly in the late convalescent phase, were tested for viral, bacterial, and parasitic pathogens. All were negative for viral and typhoid serology. Nine patients had Brucella antibodies present by at least one of the tests, four of whom had evidence suggestive of acute infection by the reference serologic microscopic agglutination test. Three patients were positive for leptospiral antibody by immunoglobulin M enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, and two were positive for malaria. Although sensitive and specific point-of-care testing methods will improve diagnosis of acute febrile illness in developing countries, challenges of interpretation still remain when the outbreaks are remote, specimens collected too late, and positive results for multiple diseases are obtained. Better diagnostics and tools that can decipher overlapping signs and symptoms in such settings are needed. C1 [Ari, Mary D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Bacterial Special Pathogens Branch, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. USN, Med Res Unit 3, Cairo, Egypt. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Int Emerging Infect Program Kenya, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Ari, MD (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Bacterial Special Pathogens Branch, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS D50, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM mari@cdc.gov OI Pimentel, Guillermo/0000-0003-2464-1526 FU Kenya Ministry of Health; CDC; U.S. Naval Medical Research Unit-3, Egypt FX This outbreak investigation was supported by core funding of the Kenya Ministry of Health, the International Emerging Infections Program, CDC, and the U.S. Naval Medical Research Unit-3, Egypt. NR 28 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 13 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 85 IS 5 BP 909 EP 912 DI 10.4269/ajtmh.2011.11-0030 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 843HC UT WOS:000296661900022 PM 22049048 ER PT J AU Keysary, A Eremeeva, ME Leitner, M Din, AB Wikswo, ME Mumcuoglu, KY Inbar, M Wallach, AD Shanas, U King, R Waner, T AF Keysary, Avi Eremeeva, Marina E. Leitner, Moshe Din, Adi Beth Wikswo, Mary E. Mumcuoglu, Kosta Y. Inbar, Moshe Wallach, Arian D. Shanas, Uri King, Roni Waner, Trevor TI Spotted Fever Group Rickettsiae in Ticks Collected from Wild Animals in Israel SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-DETECTION; AESCHLIMANNII; MASSILIAE; PREVALENCE; AFRICA; SPAIN; SOUTHERN; IXODIDAE; CONORII; PROTEIN AB We report molecular evidence for the presence of spotted fever group rickettsiae (SFGR) in ticks collected from roe deer, addax, red foxes, and wild boars in Israel. Rickettsia aeschlimannii was detected in Hyalomma marginatum and Hyalomma detritum while Rickettsia massiliae was present in Rhipicephalus turanicus ticks. Furthermore, a novel uncultured SFGR was detected in Haemaphysalis adleri and Haemaphysalis parva ticks from golden jackals. The pathogenicity of the novel SFGR for humans is unknown; however, the presence of multiple SFGR agents should be considered when serological surveillance data from Israel are interpreted because of significant antigenic cross-reactivity among Rickettsia. The epidemiology and ecology of SFGR in Israel appear to be more complicated than was previously believed. C1 [Keysary, Avi] Israel Inst Biol Res, Dept Infect Dis, IL-74100 Ness Ziona, Israel. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. Hebrew Univ Jerusalem, Hadassah Med Sch, Dept Microbiol & Mol Genet, IL-91010 Jerusalem, Israel. Univ Haifa, IL-31999 Haifa, Israel. Israel Nat & Pk Author, Jerusalem, Israel. RP Keysary, A (reprint author), Israel Inst Biol Res, Dept Infect Dis, POB 19, IL-74100 Ness Ziona, Israel. EM rickiticki6@gmail.com OI Wallach, Arian/0000-0001-9689-0092 NR 43 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 85 IS 5 BP 919 EP 923 DI 10.4269/ajtmh.2011.10-0623 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 843HC UT WOS:000296661900024 PM 22049050 ER PT J AU Taveras, EM Rifas-Shiman, SL Sherry, B Oken, E Haines, J Kleinman, K Rich-Edwards, JW Gillman, MW AF Taveras, Elsie M. Rifas-Shiman, Sheryl L. Sherry, Bettylou Oken, Emily Haines, Jess Kleinman, Ken Rich-Edwards, Janet W. Gillman, Matthew W. TI Crossing Growth Percentiles in Infancy and Risk of Obesity in Childhood SO ARCHIVES OF PEDIATRICS & ADOLESCENT MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID BODY-MASS INDEX; BLOOD-PRESSURE; BIRTH-WEIGHT; CRITICAL PERIOD; OVERWEIGHT; LIFE; AGE; COHORT; GAIN; ADIPOSITY AB Objective: To examine the associations of upward crossing of major percentiles in weight-for-length in the first 24 months of life with the prevalence of obesity at ages 5 and 10 years. Design: Longitudinal study. Setting: Multisite clinical practice. Participants: We included 44 622 children aged from 1 month to less than 11 years with 122 214 length/height and weight measurements from January 1, 1980, through December 31, 2008. Main Exposure: The number of major weight-for-length percentiles crossed during each of four 6-month intervals, that is, 1 to 6 months, 6 to 12 months, 12 to 18 months, and 18 to 24 months. Main Outcome Measures: Odds and observed prevalence of obesity (body mass index [calculated as weight in kilograms divided by height in meters squared] >= 95th percentile) at ages 5 and 10 years. Results: Crossing upwards 2 or more weight-for-length percentiles was common in the first 6 months of life (43%) and less common during later age intervals. Crossing upwards 2 or more weight-for-length percentiles in the first 24 months was associated with elevated odds of obesity at ages 5 years (odds ratio, 2.08; 95% CI, 1.84-2.34) and 10 years (1.75; 1.53-2.00) compared with crossing less than 2 major percentiles. Obesity prevalence at ages 5 and 10 was highest among children who crossed upwards 2 or more weight-for-length percentiles in the first 6 months of life. Conclusions: Crossing upwards 2 or more major weight-for-length percentiles in the first 24 months of life is associated with later obesity. Upward crossing of 2 weight-for-length percentiles in the first 6 months is associated with the highest prevalence of obesity 5 and 10 years later. Efforts to curb excess weight gain in infancy may be useful in preventing later obesity. C1 [Taveras, Elsie M.; Rifas-Shiman, Sheryl L.; Oken, Emily; Kleinman, Ken; Gillman, Matthew W.] Harvard Univ, Obes Prevent Program, Dept Populat Med, Sch Med, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Taveras, Elsie M.; Rifas-Shiman, Sheryl L.; Oken, Emily; Kleinman, Ken; Gillman, Matthew W.] Harvard Pilgrim Hlth Care Inst, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Taveras, Elsie M.] Childrens Hosp, Div Gen Pediat, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Sherry, Bettylou] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. [Haines, Jess] Univ Guelph, Dept Family Relat & Appl Nutr, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada. [Rich-Edwards, Janet W.] Harvard Univ, Connors Ctr Womens Hlth & Gender Biol, Brigham & Womens Hosp, Sch Publ Hlth, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Gillman, Matthew W.] Harvard Univ, Dept Nutr, Sch Publ Hlth, Boston, MA 02215 USA. RP Taveras, EM (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Obes Prevent Program, Dept Populat Med, Sch Med, 133 Brookline Ave,6th Floor, Boston, MA 02215 USA. EM elsie_taveras@hphc.org FU CDC, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion [200-2008-M-26882] FX This work was supported by grant 200-2008-M-26882 from the CDC, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. NR 33 TC 66 Z9 69 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 1072-4710 J9 ARCH PEDIAT ADOL MED JI Arch. Pediatr. Adolesc. Med. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 165 IS 11 BP 993 EP 998 PG 6 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 843FA UT WOS:000296656500005 PM 22065180 ER PT J AU McMorrow, ML Aidoo, M Kachur, SP AF McMorrow, M. L. Aidoo, M. Kachur, S. P. TI Malaria rapid diagnostic tests in elimination settings-can they find the last parasite? SO CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTION LA English DT Review DE Diagnosis; elimination; malaria; rapid diagnostic tests; surveillance ID PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM MALARIA; MEDIATED ISOTHERMAL AMPLIFICATION; HEALTH FACILITIES; LOW TRANSMISSION; SEASONAL TRANSMISSION; PYROGENIC THRESHOLD; GAMETOCYTE CARRIAGE; RANDOMIZED-TRIAL; FEBRILE PATIENTS; LARGE PROPORTION AB Rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) for malaria have improved the availability of parasite-based diagnosis throughout the malaria-endemic world. Accurate malaria diagnosis is essential for malaria case management, surveillance, and elimination. RDTs are inexpensive, simple to perform, and provide results in 15-20 min. Despite high sensitivity and specificity for Plasmodium falciparum infections, RDTs have several limitations that may reduce their utility in low-transmission settings: they do not reliably detect low-density parasitaemia (<= 200 parasites/mu L), many are less sensitive for Plasmodium vivax infections, and their ability to detect Plasmodium ovale and Plasmodium malariae is unknown. Therefore, in elimination settings, alternative tools with higher sensitivity for low-density infections (e.g. nucleic acid-based tests) are required to complement field diagnostics, and new highly sensitive and specific field-appropriate tests must be developed to ensure accurate diagnosis of symptomatic and asymptomatic carriers. As malaria transmission declines, the proportion of low-density infections among symptomatic and asymptomatic persons is likely to increase, which may limit the utility of RDTs. Monitoring malaria in elimination settings will probably depend on the use of more than one diagnostic tool in clinical-care and surveillance activities, and the combination of tools utilized will need to be informed by regular monitoring of test performance through effective quality assurance. C1 [McMorrow, M. L.; Aidoo, M.; Kachur, S. P.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Malaria Branch, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [McMorrow, M. L.; Kachur, S. P.] US PHS, Rockville, MD USA. RP McMorrow, ML (reprint author), US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Malaria Branch, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Ctr Global Hlth, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop A-06, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM MMcMorrow@cdc.gov FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 60 TC 58 Z9 58 U1 3 U2 6 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1198-743X J9 CLIN MICROBIOL INFEC JI Clin. Microbiol. Infect. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 17 IS 11 BP 1624 EP 1631 DI 10.1111/j.1469-0691.2011.03639.x PG 8 WC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 846PS UT WOS:000296916300012 PM 21910780 ER PT J AU Holtzer, C Meaney, FJ Andrews, J Ciafaloni, E Fox, DJ James, KA Lu, ZQ Miller, L Pandya, S Ouyang, LJ Cunniff, C AF Holtzer, Caleb Meaney, F. John Andrews, Jennifer Ciafaloni, Emma Fox, Deborah J. James, Katherine A. Lu, Zhenqiang Miller, Lisa Pandya, Shree Ouyang, Lijing Cunniff, Christopher TI Disparities in the diagnostic process of Duchenne and Becker muscular dystrophy SO GENETICS IN MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE Duchenne and Becker muscular dystrophy; disparities; diagnosis ID HEALTH-CARE; ETHNIC DISPARITIES; US CHILDREN; GEOCODING PROJECT; DENTAL-HEALTH; ACCESS; AUTISM; RACE; INEQUALITIES; SERVICES AB Purpose: To determine whether sociodemographic factors are associated with delays at specific steps in the diagnostic process of Duchenne and Becker muscular dystrophy. Methods: We examined abstracted medical records for 540 males from population-based surveillance sites in Arizona, Colorado, Georgia, Iowa, and western New York. We used linear regressions to model the association of three sociodemographic characteristics with age at initial medical evaluation, first creatine kinase measurement, and earliest DNA analysis while controlling for changes in the diagnostic process over time. The analytical dataset included 375 males with information on family history of Duchenne and Becker muscular dystrophy, neighborhood poverty levels, and race/ethnicity. Results: Black and Hispanic race/ethnicity predicted older ages at initial evaluation, creatine kinase measurement, and DNA testing (P < 0.05). A positive family history of Duchenne and Becker muscular dystrophy predicted younger ages at initial evaluation, creatine kinase measurement and DNA testing (P < 0.001). Higher neighborhood poverty was associated with earlier ages of evaluation (P < 0.05). Conclusions: Racial and ethnic disparities in the diagnostic process for Duchenne and Becker muscular dystrophy are evident even after adjustment for family history of Duchenne and Becker muscular dystrophy and changes in the diagnostic process over time. Black and Hispanic children are initially evaluated at older ages than white children, and the gap widens at later steps in the diagnostic process. Genet Med 2011:13(11):942-947. C1 [Cunniff, Christopher] Univ Arizona, Coll Med, Dept Pediat, Tucson, AZ 85724 USA. [Ciafaloni, Emma; Pandya, Shree] Univ Rochester, Dept Neurol, Rochester, NY USA. [Fox, Deborah J.] New York State Dept Hlth, Troy, NY USA. [James, Katherine A.; Miller, Lisa] Colorado Dept Publ Hlth & Environm, Denver, CO USA. [Lu, Zhenqiang] Univ Arizona, Stat Consulting Lab, Tucson, AZ 85724 USA. [Ouyang, Lijing] CDC, Div Human Dev & Disabil, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Cunniff, C (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Coll Med, Dept Pediat, 1501 N Campbell Ave, Tucson, AZ 85724 USA. EM ccunniff@peds.arizona.edu FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention through Association of American Medical Colleges [U36/CCU319276]; AAMC [MM-1064-09/09]; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [DD000187, DD000189, DD000190, DD000191] FX This project was supported under a cooperative agreement from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention through the Association of American Medical Colleges, Grant number U36/CCU319276, AAMC ID number MM-1064-09/09. This study was also funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention under the Cooperative Agreement for Surveillance and Epidemiologic Research of Duchenne and Becker Muscular Dystrophy DD000187, DD000189, DD000190, DD000191. NR 41 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 3 U2 9 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1098-3600 J9 GENET MED JI Genet. Med. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 13 IS 11 BP 942 EP 947 DI 10.1097/GIM.0b013e31822623f1 PG 6 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 843IU UT WOS:000296666300005 PM 21836521 ER PT J AU Walters, B Penaranda, S Nix, WA Oberste, MS Todd, KM Katz, BZ Zheng, XT AF Walters, Beth Penaranda, Silvia Nix, W. Allan Oberste, M. Steven Todd, Kathleen M. Katz, Ben Z. Zheng, Xiaotian TI Detection of human parechovirus (HPeV)-3 in spinal fluid specimens from pediatric patients in the Chicago area SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL VIROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Parechovirus; Neonatal sepsis; Meningitis; Leukopenia; PCR ID REAL-TIME PCR; STOOL SAMPLES; YOUNG INFANTS; INFECTIONS; CHILDREN; IDENTIFICATION; EPIDEMIOLOGY; ASSOCIATION; MENINGITIS; PREVALENCE AB Background: The human parechoviruses (HPeV) have recently been recognized as important viral pathogens causing various illnesses including sepsis and meningitis in children. However, data from the United States is limited. Objectives: To better understand the epidemiology of HPeV in the United States and its role in pediatric disease through detection and typing of the virus in cerebrospinal fluid specimens. Study design: Four hundred and twenty-one spinal fluid samples collected from 373 patients ranging in age from 1 day to 18 years were tested using a real-time reverse transcription-PCR assay. The specimens were originally collected for routine viral and bacterial testing to assist in the diagnosis of meningitis or sepsis. Amplification products of the VP1 region in the virus genome were sequenced to identify the parechovirus type. Results: Ten positive specimens were identified from 10 different patients. All ten samples were typed as HPeV3 and were negative for bacteria by culture, and for enterovirus and herpes simplex virus by PCR. All of the HPeV3-infected patients were young infants ranging in age from 6 to 59 days. Infants in whom HPeV3 was detected had significantly decreased peripheral white blood cell counts. Positive specimens were all from the summer and early fall. Conclusions: HPeV3 infection of the central nervous system is found in very young infants in certain years during the summer and early fall, and is associated with leukopenia. Real-time RT-PCR is an effective tool for rapid detection of these infections, and could help prevent unnecessary hospitalization and antibiotic use in HPeV infected infants. More widespread use of this tool in diagnosing HPeV infection would aid in further clarifying the prevalence of this disease in the United States. (C) 2011 Elsevier B. V. All rights reserved. C1 [Walters, Beth; Todd, Kathleen M.; Katz, Ben Z.; Zheng, Xiaotian] Childrens Mem Hosp, Chicago, IL 60614 USA. [Walters, Beth] Rush Univ, Coll Hlth Sci, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. [Penaranda, Silvia; Nix, W. Allan; Oberste, M. Steven] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Katz, Ben Z.; Zheng, Xiaotian] Northwestern Univ, Feinberg Sch Med, Chicago, IL 60611 USA. RP Zheng, XT (reprint author), Childrens Mem Hosp, 2300 Childrens Plaza,Box 53, Chicago, IL 60614 USA. EM x-zheng@northwestern.edu NR 30 TC 27 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1386-6532 J9 J CLIN VIROL JI J. Clin. Virol. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 52 IS 3 BP 187 EP 191 DI 10.1016/j.jcv.2011.07.008 PG 5 WC Virology SC Virology GA 842AF UT WOS:000296556800006 PM 21813319 ER PT J AU Wilder, LC Langley, RL Middleton, DC Ernst, K Lummus, ZL Streicher, RP Campbell, DS Wattigney, WA Bernstein, JA Bernstein, DI Dearwent, SM AF Wilder, Lynn C. Langley, Ricky L. Middleton, Dan C. Ernst, Kathleen Lummus, Zana L. Streicher, Robert P. Campbell, Douglas S. Wattigney, Wendy A. Bernstein, Jonathan A. Bernstein, David I. Dearwent, Steve M. TI Communities near toluene diisocyanate sources: an investigation of exposure and health SO JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE AND ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE diisocyanate; community health study; epidemiology; environmental exposure assessment; toluene diisocyanate ID SYMPTOMS QUESTIONNAIRE; ASTHMA; ANTIBODIES; WORKERS; POPULATION; IGE AB Toluene diisocyanate (TDI) is a well-known cause of occupational asthma, but we know little about the potential for exposure and health effects among residents who live near facilities that release TDI. In the mid-1990's, the North Carolina Department of Health and Human Services and the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry investigated exposures to TDI and health outcomes in one community, which left some unanswered questions. This cross-sectional study evaluated the potential associations between living near a TDI source and the prevalence of three variables: asthma or asthma-like respiratory symptoms, antibodies specific to TDI, and verifiable levels of TDI in residential air. Results among North Carolina residents living near such facilities (five target communities) were compared with the results from residents living further away (five comparison communities). Overall, the prevalence of reporting either asthma or asthma-like respiratory symptoms was higher (odds ratio = 1.60; 95% confidence interval = 0.97-2.54) among residents in target communities than those in comparison communities. However, this difference was not statistically significant. Symptom prevalence varied greatly among the community populations. The prevalence of respiratory symptoms was higher near facilities with historically higher TDI emissions. Among the 351 participants who provided blood samples, only one had immunoglobulin G specific antibodies to TDI. This participant lived in a target area and may have had non-occupational exposure. TDI was detected at an extremely low level (1 ppt) in one of the 45 air samples from target communities. One ppt is one-tenth the EPA reference concentration. Overall, air sample and antibody test results are not consistent with recent or ongoing exposure to TDI. Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology (2011) 21, 587-594; doi: 10.1038/jes.2011.5; published online 23 February 2011 C1 [Wilder, Lynn C.; Middleton, Dan C.; Wattigney, Wendy A.; Dearwent, Steve M.] Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registry, Div Hlth Studies, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Langley, Ricky L.; Campbell, Douglas S.] N Carolina Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Div Publ Hlth, Raleigh, NC USA. [Ernst, Kathleen; Streicher, Robert P.] NIOSH, Div Appl Res & Technol, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Lummus, Zana L.; Bernstein, Jonathan A.; Bernstein, David I.] Univ Cincinnati, Coll Med, Div Allergy Immunol, Cincinnati, OH USA. RP Wilder, LC (reprint author), Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registry, Div Hlth Studies, 4770 Buford Highway NE,F-57, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM lwilder@cdc.gov FU Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry; North Carolina Department of Health and Human Services [U50/ATU472297]; Division of Federal Occupational Health Services [ATSDR-05039473]; National Institute for Occupational Health Sciences; University of Cincinnati Medical Center [200-2007-20405] FX this work was supported by the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, in cooperative agreement with the North Carolina Department of Health and Human Services. Cooperative Agreement number U50/ATU472297; through an interagency agreement with the Division of Federal Occupational Health Services (ATSDR-05039473); through an agreement with the National Institute for Occupational Health Sciences; and through a contract with the University of Cincinnati Medical Center (200-2007-20405). NR 19 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 2 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1559-0631 J9 J EXPO SCI ENV EPID JI J. Expo. Sci. Environ. Epidemiol. PD NOV-DEC PY 2011 VL 21 IS 6 BP 587 EP 594 DI 10.1038/jes.2011.5 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 842DW UT WOS:000296571700004 PM 21343954 ER PT J AU Silk, BJ Mahon, BE AF Silk, Benjamin J. Mahon, Barbara E. TI Comment on "Listeriosis in human pregnancy: a systematic review" SO JOURNAL OF PERINATAL MEDICINE LA English DT Letter ID ACTIVE SURVEILLANCE NETWORK; FOOD; PATHOGENS; INFECTION; STATES; SITES; WOMEN C1 [Silk, Benjamin J.; Mahon, Barbara E.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Silk, BJ (reprint author), US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS D-63, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM bsilk@cdc.gov NR 10 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 7 PU WALTER DE GRUYTER & CO PI BERLIN PA GENTHINER STRASSE 13, D-10785 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0300-5577 J9 J PERINAT MED JI J. Perinat. Med. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 39 IS 6 BP 749 EP 750 DI 10.1515/JPM.2011.093 PG 2 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Pediatrics SC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Pediatrics GA 844RM UT WOS:000296765000020 PM 21834606 ER PT J AU Guess, MK Partin, SN Schrader, S Lowe, B LaCombe, J Reutman, S Wang, A Toennis, C Melman, A Mikhail, M Connell, KA AF Guess, Marsha K. Partin, Sarah N. Schrader, Steven Lowe, Brian LaCombe, Julie Reutman, Susan Wang, Andrea Toennis, Christine Melman, Arnold Mikhail, Madgy Connell, Kathleen A. TI Women's Bike Seats: A Pressing Matter for Competitive Female Cyclists SO JOURNAL OF SEXUAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE Saddle Design; Saddle Pressures; Pudendal Nerve ID ERECTILE DYSFUNCTION; GENITAL SENSATION; PRESSURE; IMPOTENCE; PERINEUM; WORKLOAD; POSITION; RISK AB Introduction. There are numerous genital complaints in women cyclists, including pain, numbness, and edema of pelvic floor structures. Debate ensues about the best saddle design for protection of the pelvic floor. Aim. To investigate the relationships between saddle design, seat pressures, and genital nerve function in female, competitive cyclists. Methods. We previously compared genital sensation in healthy, premenopausal, competitive women bicyclists and runners. The 48 cyclists from our original study comprise the study group in this subanalysis. Main Outcome Measures. Main outcome measures were: (i) genital vibratory thresholds (VTs) determined using the Medoc Vibratory Sensation Analyzer 3000 and (ii) saddle pressures as determined using a specially designed map sensor. Results. More than half of the participants (54.8%) used traditional saddles, and the remainder (45.2%) rode with cut-out saddles. On bivariate analysis, use of traditional saddles was associated with lower mean perineal saddle pressures (MPSP) than riding on cut-out saddles. Peak perineal saddle pressures (PPSP) were also lower; however, the difference did not reach statistical significance. Saddle design did not affect mean or peak total saddle pressures (MTSP, PTSP). Saddle width was significantly associated with PPSP, MTSP, and PTSP but not with MPSP. Women riding cut-out saddles had, on average, a 4 and 11 kPa increase in MPSP and PPSP, respectively, compared with women using traditional saddles (P = 0.008 and P = 0.010), after adjustment for other variables. Use of wider saddles was associated with lower PPSP and MTSP after adjustment. Although an inverse correlation was seen between saddle pressures and VTs on bivariate analysis, these differences were not significant after adjusting for age. Conclusion. Cut-out and narrower saddles negatively affect saddle pressures in female cyclists. Effects of saddle design on pudendal nerve sensory function were not apparent in this cross-sectional analysis. Longitudinal studies evaluating the long-term effects of saddle pressure on the integrity of the pudendal nerve, pelvic floor, and sexual function are warranted. Guess MK, Partin SN, Schrader S, Lowe B, LaCombe J, Reutman S, Wang A, Toennis C, Melman A, Mikhail M, and Connell KA. Women's bike seats: A pressing matter for competitive female cyclists. J Sex Med 2011;8:3144-3153. C1 [Guess, Marsha K.; Connell, Kathleen A.] Yale Univ, Sch Med, Dept Obstet Gynecol & Reprod Sci, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Partin, Sarah N.] Texas A& M Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, Sch Rural Publ Hlth, College Stn, TX USA. [Schrader, Steven; Lowe, Brian; Reutman, Susan; Toennis, Christine] NIOSH, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [LaCombe, Julie] Univ Vermont, Coll Med, Dept Obstet & Gynecol Colchester, Colchester, VT USA. [Wang, Andrea] Alaska Urol Associates, Anchorage, AK USA. [Melman, Arnold] Montefiore Med Ctr, Albert Einstein Coll Med, Dept Urol, Bronx, NY 10467 USA. [Mikhail, Madgy] Montefiore Med Ctr, Albert Einstein Coll Med, Dept Obstet & Gynecol & Womens Hlth, Bronx, NY 10467 USA. RP Guess, MK (reprint author), Yale Univ, Sch Med, Dept Obstet Gynecol & Reprod Sci, 333 Cedar St,FMB 308, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. EM marsha.guess@yale.edu RI Reutman, Susan/C-2459-2012 FU NIH [3P01DK60037-03S1, 5K12HD047018]; The Robert Wood Johnson Foundation; Bronx Center to Reduce & Eliminate Ethnic & Racial Health Disparities (Bronx CREED) FX This work was supported in part by NIH grants 3P01DK60037-03S1 and #5K12HD047018, The Robert Wood Johnson Foundation Harold Amos Faculty Development Program, and the Bronx Center to Reduce & Eliminate Ethnic & Racial Health Disparities (Bronx CREED). The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the National Institute of Health, the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, or The Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. Mention of company or product names does not constitute endorsement by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, The National Institute of Health, or The Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. NR 20 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 9 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1743-6095 J9 J SEX MED JI J. Sex. Med. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 8 IS 11 BP 3144 EP 3153 DI 10.1111/j.1743-6109.2011.02437.x PG 10 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 843XZ UT WOS:000296712200017 PM 21834869 ER PT J AU Parra, DC Dauti, M Harris, JK Reyes, L Malta, DC Brownson, RC Quintero, MA Pratt, M AF Parra, Diana C. Dauti, Marsela Harris, Jenine K. Reyes, Lissette Malta, Deborah C. Brownson, Ross C. Quintero, Mario A. Pratt, Michael TI How does network structure affect partnerships for promoting physical activity? Evidence from Brazil and Colombia SO SOCIAL SCIENCE & MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE Network analysis; Collaboration; Physical activity; Brazil; Colombia; GUIA; Redcolaf ID P-ASTERISK MODELS; SOCIAL NETWORKS; PUBLIC-HEALTH; INTERVENTIONS; SYSTEMS AB The objective of this study was to describe the network structure and factors associated with collaboration in two networks that promote physical activity (PA) in Brazil and Colombia. Organizations that focus on studying and promoting PA in Brazil (35) and Colombia (53) were identified using a modified one-step reputational snowball sampling process. Participants completed an on-line survey between December 2008 and March 2009 for the Brazil network, and between April and June 2009 for the Colombia network. Network stochastic modeling was used to investigate the likelihood of reported interorganizational collaboration. While structural features of networks were significant predictors of collaboration within each network, the coefficients and other network characteristics differed. Brazil's PA network was decentralized with a larger number of shared partnerships. Colombia's PA network was centralized and collaboration was influenced by perceived importance of peer organizations. On average, organizations in the PA network of Colombia reported facing more barriers (1.5 vs. 2.5 barriers) for collaboration. Future studies should focus on how these different network structures affect the implementation and uptake of evidence-based PA interventions. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Parra, Diana C.; Dauti, Marsela; Brownson, Ross C.] Washington Univ, George Warren Brown Sch Social Work, Prevent Res Ctr St Louis, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. [Reyes, Lissette] Minist Protecc Social, Bogota, Colombia. [Malta, Deborah C.] Minist Saude, Secretaria Vigilancia Saude, Brasilia, DF, Brazil. [Brownson, Ross C.] Washington Univ, Sch Med, Div Publ Hlth Sci, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. [Brownson, Ross C.] Washington Univ, Sch Med, Alvin J Siteman Canc Ctr, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. [Quintero, Mario A.] Indeportes Antioquia, Medellin, Colombia. [Pratt, Michael] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Parra, DC (reprint author), Washington Univ, George Warren Brown Sch Social Work, Prevent Res Ctr St Louis, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. EM dianacpp79@yahoo.com; mdauti@gwbmail.wustl.edu; jharris@gwbmail.wustl.edu; lisport1@gmail.com; deborah.malta@saude.gov.br; rbrownson@gwbmail.wustl.edu; mquint@une.net.co; mxp4@cdc.gov RI Parra, Diana/D-7633-2013; Parra, Diana/B-7761-2015; Malta, Deborah/H-7880-2012 OI Parra, Diana/0000-0002-9797-6231; Parra, Diana/0000-0002-9797-6231; Malta, Deborah/0000-0002-8214-5734 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [U48/DP001903] FX This study was funded through the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Prevention Research Centers Program contract U48/DP001903 (Applying Evidence-Physical Activity Recommendations in Brazil). The findings and conclusions in this article are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. We thank all members of project GUIA for their valuable contribution and input. NR 30 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 10 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0277-9536 J9 SOC SCI MED JI Soc. Sci. Med. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 73 IS 9 BP 1365 EP 1370 DI 10.1016/j.socscimed.2011.08.020 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences, Biomedical SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Biomedical Social Sciences GA 843OF UT WOS:000296680800011 PM 21940083 ER PT J AU Bouchery, EE Harwood, HJ Sacks, JJ Simon, CJ Brewer, RD AF Bouchery, Ellen E. Harwood, Henrick J. Sacks, Jeffrey J. Simon, Carol J. Brewer, Robert D. TI Economic Costs of Excessive Alcohol Consumption in the US, 2006 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID BINGE DRINKING; UNITED-STATES; INJURY; IMPACT; RISK AB Background: Excessive alcohol consumption causes premature death (average of 79,000 deaths annually); increased disease and injury; property damage from fire and motor vehicle crashes; alcohol-related crime; and lost productivity. However, its economic cost has not been assessed for the U. S. since 1998. Purpose: To update prior national estimates of the economic costs of excessive drinking. Methods: This study (conducted 2009-2010) followed U. S. Public Health Service Guidelines to assess the economic cost of excessive alcohol consumption in 2006. Costs for health care, productivity losses, and other effects (e. g., property damage) in 2006 were obtained from national databases. Alcohol-attributable fractions were obtained from multiple sources and used to assess the proportion of costs that could be attributed to excessive alcohol consumption. Results: The estimated economic cost of excessive drinking was $223.5 billion in 2006 (72.2% from lost productivity, 11.0% from healthcare costs, 9.4% from criminal justice costs, and 7.5% from other effects) or approximately $1.90 per alcoholic drink. Binge drinking resulted in costs of $170.7 billion (76.4% of the total); underage drinking $27.0 billion; and drinking during pregnancy $5.2 billion. The cost of alcohol-attributable crime was $73.3 billion. The cost to government was $94.2 billion (42.1% of the total cost), which corresponds to about $0.80 per alcoholic drink consumed in 2006 (categories are not mutually exclusive and may overlap). Conclusions: On a per capita basis, the economic impact of excessive alcohol consumption in the U. S. is approximately $746 per person, most of which is attributable to binge drinking. Evidence-based strategies for reducing excessive drinking should be widely implemented. (Am J Prev Med 2011;41(5):516-524) (C) 2011 American Journal of Preventive Medicine C1 [Sacks, Jeffrey J.] Sue Binder Consulting Inc, Atlanta, GA 30319 USA. [Bouchery, Ellen E.; Harwood, Henrick J.] Natl Assoc State Alcohol & Drug Abuse Directors, Washington, DC USA. [Brewer, Robert D.] CDC, Alcohol Program, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Simon, Carol J.] Lewin Grp Inc, Falls Church, VA USA. RP Sacks, JJ (reprint author), Sue Binder Consulting Inc, 3958 Preston Court, Atlanta, GA 30319 USA. EM sacksj@bellsouth.net FU Robert Wood Johnson Foundation [044149, 059738]; CDC Foundation FX The authors acknowledge the assistance of Mandy Stahre, MPH, of the CDC Alcohol Program; Timothy Naimi MD, MPH, Section of General Internal Medicine, Boston Medical Center, and Associate Professor, Boston University Schools of Medicine and Public Health; and Chris Robinson of the Lewin Group, Inc. This project was supported by generous grants (nos. 044149 and 059738) from the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation to the CDC Foundation.; EEB conducted this work while an employee of The Lewin Group, Inc. which received funding from the CDC Foundation under grants from the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. HJH conducted this work initially as an employee of The Lewin Group, Inc., and subsequently as an employee of NASADAD. JJS is an employee of Sue Binder Consulting, Inc., and received consultative funding from the CDC Foundation under grants from the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. CJS conducted this work while an employee of The Lewin Group, Inc. RDB conducted this work while an employee of the CDC. NR 39 TC 278 Z9 280 U1 5 U2 47 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 41 IS 5 BP 516 EP 524 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2011.06.045 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 839UI UT WOS:000296394500010 PM 22011424 ER PT J AU Lindsey, NP Lehman, JA Weaver, D Campbell, GL Staples, JE Fischer, M AF Lindsey, Nicole P. Lehman, Jennifer A. Weaver, Dustin Campbell, Grant L. Staples, J. Erin Fischer, Marc TI West Nile Virus Disease and Other Arboviral Diseases-United States, 2010 Reprinted from THE CENTERS FOR DISEASE CONTROL AND PREVENTION (vol 60, pg 1009-1013, 2011) SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION LA English DT Reprint ID ENCEPHALITIS; EPIDEMIOLOGY C1 [Lindsey, Nicole P.; Lehman, Jennifer A.; Weaver, Dustin; Campbell, Grant L.; Staples, J. Erin; Fischer, Marc] CDC, Div Vector Borne Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Lindsey, NP (reprint author), CDC, Div Vector Borne Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM nplindsey@cdc.gov NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1600-6135 J9 AM J TRANSPLANT JI Am. J. Transplant. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 11 IS 11 BP 2528 EP 2531 DI 10.1111/j.1600-6143.2011.03852.x PG 4 WC Surgery; Transplantation SC Surgery; Transplantation GA 839AF UT WOS:000296335800031 ER PT J AU Kang-Sickel, JCC Butler, MA Frame, L Serdar, B Chao, YCE Egeghy, P Rappaport, SM Toennis, CA Li, W Borisova, T French, JE Nylander-French, LA AF Kang-Sickel, Juei-Chuan C. Butler, Mary Ann Frame, Lynn Serdar, Berrin Chao, Yi-Chun E. Egeghy, Peter Rappaport, Stephen M. Toennis, Christine A. Li, Wang Borisova, Tatyana French, John E. Nylander-French, Leena A. TI The utility of naphthyl-keratin adducts as biomarkers for jet-fuel exposure SO BIOMARKERS LA English DT Article DE Biomarkers; CYP2E1; dermal exposure; glutathione S-transferase mu 1 (GSTM1); glutathione S-transferase theta 1 (GSTT1); jet fuel (JP-8); keratin adduct; NAD(P) H:quinone oxidoreductase (NQO1); 1-naphthol; 2-naphthol; naphthalene; urine ID POLYCYCLIC AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; GENETIC POLYMORPHISMS; DERMAL EXPOSURE; IN-VITRO; NAPHTHALENE METABOLITES; MAINTENANCE WORKERS; URINARY BIOMARKERS; ALBUMIN ADDUCTS; FOUNDRY WORKERS; AIR-POLLUTION AB We investigated the association between biomarkers of dermal exposure, naphthyl-keratin adducts (NKA), and urine naphthalene biomarker levels in 105 workers routinely exposed to jet-fuel. A moderate correlation was observed between NKA and urine naphthalene levels (p = 0.061). The NKA, post-exposure breath naphthalene, and male gender were associated with an increase, while CYP2E1*6 DD and GSTT1-plus (++/+-) genotypes were associated with a decrease in urine naphthalene level (p < 0.0001). The NKA show great promise as biomarkers for dermal exposure to naphthalene. Further studies are warranted to characterize the relationship between NKA, other exposure biomarkers, and/or biomarkers of biological effects due to naphthalene and/or PAH exposure. C1 [Kang-Sickel, Juei-Chuan C.; Chao, Yi-Chun E.; Nylander-French, Leena A.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Environm Sci & Engn, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Butler, Mary Ann; Toennis, Christine A.] NIOSH, Div Appl Res & Technol, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Frame, Lynn; Borisova, Tatyana] Texas Tech Univ, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pharmacol & Neurosci, Lubbock, TX 79430 USA. [Serdar, Berrin] Univ Colorado Denver, Dept Environm & Occupat Hlth, Colorado Sch Publ Hlth, Aurora, CO USA. [Egeghy, Peter] US EPA, Natl Exposure Res Lab, Human Exposure & Atmospher Sci Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Rappaport, Stephen M.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Sch Publ Hlth, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Li, Wang] Texas Tech Univ, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Internal Med, Lubbock, TX 79430 USA. [French, John E.] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Host Susceptibil Branch, Natl Toxicol Program, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. RP Kang-Sickel, JCC (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Dept Environm Sci & Engn, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, CB 7431,Rosenau Hall, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. EM leena_french@unc.edu OI Egeghy, Peter/0000-0002-1727-0766 FU NIEHS [P42ES05948]; National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) [T42/CCT422952, T42/008673] FX The authors report no conflicts of interest. Mention of company names and/or products does not constitute endorsement by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. This work was supported by NIEHS (P42ES05948), NIOSH (T42/CCT422952 and T42/008673), and the NIEHS Intramural Research Program. It has been subjected to United States Environmental Protection Agency review and approved for publication. This article may be the work product of an employee or group of employees of the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS), National Institutes of Health (NIH); however, the statements, opinions or conclusions contained therein do not necessarily represent the statements, opinions or conclusions of NIEHS, NIH, or the United States government. NR 55 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 6 PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE PI LONDON PA TELEPHONE HOUSE, 69-77 PAUL STREET, LONDON EC2A 4LQ, ENGLAND SN 1354-750X J9 BIOMARKERS JI Biomarkers PD NOV PY 2011 VL 16 IS 7 BP 590 EP 599 DI 10.3109/1354750X.2011.611598 PG 10 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Toxicology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Toxicology GA 837VC UT WOS:000296232100006 PM 21961652 ER PT J AU Munsie, JW Lin, S Browne, ML Campbell, KA Caton, AR Bell, EM Rasmussen, SA Romitti, PA Druschel, CM AF Munsie, JeanPierre W. Lin, Shao Browne, Marilyn L. Campbell, Kimberly A. Caton, Alissa R. Bell, Erin M. Rasmussen, Sonja A. Romitti, Paul A. Druschel, Charlotte M. CA Natl Birth Defects Prevention Stud TI Maternal bronchodilator use and the risk of orofacial clefts SO HUMAN REPRODUCTION LA English DT Editorial Material DE asthma; birth defects; bronchodilator agents; orofacial clefts ID BIRTH-DEFECTS PREVENTION; ORAL CLEFTS; CONGENITAL-MALFORMATIONS; PLACENTAL-TRANSFER; PROSPECTIVE COHORT; GENE VARIANTS; IN-VITRO; PREGNANCY; POPULATION; ASTHMA AB BACKGROUND: Few epidemiological studies have explored the relationship between orofacial clefts and bronchodilators. We assessed whether mothers who used bronchodilators during early pregnancy were at an increased risk of delivering infants with orofacial clefts. METHODS: We used National Birth Defects Prevention Study case-control data from mothers of 2711 infants with orofacial clefts and 6482 mothers of live born infants without birth defects, delivered during 1997 through 2005. Information on medication use from 3 months before pregnancy through delivery was collected using a standardized interview. Logistic regression was used to estimate adjusted odds ratios (aOR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for maternal bronchodilator use during the periconceptional period (1 month before pregnancy through the third month of pregnancy) while controlling for other covariates. RESULTS: We observed an association between maternal bronchodilator use during the periconceptional period and cleft lip only (CLO) (aOR 1.77, 95% CI: 1.08-2.88). The risk of cleft palate only (CPO) (aOR = 1.53, 95% CI: 0.99-2.37) was elevated but was not statistically significant. No association was observed for maternal bronchodilator use and the risk of cleft lip with cleft palate (aOR = 0.78, 95% CI: 0.46-1.31). The most commonly used bronchodilator was albuterol (88.7%). Maternal albuterol use was associated with CLO (aOR = 1.79, 95% CI: 1.07-2.99) and CPO (aOR = 1.65, 95% CI: 1.06-2.58). CONCLUSIONS: We observed a statistically significant association between maternal bronchodilator use during the periconceptional period and the risk of CLO after controlling for other risk factors. It is unclear whether the increased odds ratios observed in this study are due to the bronchodilators, the severity of asthma, or both, or to chance alone. Further studies to disentangle the role of asthma or asthma medications would help clarify these findings. C1 [Munsie, JeanPierre W.; Lin, Shao; Browne, Marilyn L.; Campbell, Kimberly A.; Caton, Alissa R.; Druschel, Charlotte M.] New York State Dept Hlth, Bur Environm & Occupat Epidemiol, Ctr Environm Hlth, Troy, NY 12180 USA. [Lin, Shao; Browne, Marilyn L.; Caton, Alissa R.; Bell, Erin M.; Druschel, Charlotte M.] SUNY Albany, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, Sch Publ Hlth, Rensselaer, NY 12144 USA. [Rasmussen, Sonja A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Natl Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Romitti, Paul A.] Univ Iowa, Dept Epidemiol, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. [Romitti, Paul A.] Univ Iowa, Coll Publ Hlth, Ctr Educ & Res Therapeut, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. RP Munsie, JW (reprint author), New York State Dept Hlth, Bur Environm & Occupat Epidemiol, Ctr Environm Hlth, 547 River St,Room 200, Troy, NY 12180 USA. EM jpm08@health.state.ny.us OI Lin, Shao/0000-0002-5535-7504 FU NCBDD CDC HHS [U01/DD00048702, U01 DD000492] NR 45 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0268-1161 J9 HUM REPROD JI Hum. Reprod. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 26 IS 11 BP 3147 EP 3154 DI 10.1093/humrep/der315 PG 8 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology GA 836IZ UT WOS:000296106600031 PM 21926056 ER PT J AU Koblin, BA Mansergh, G Frye, V Van Tieu, H Hoover, DR Bonner, S Flores, SA Hudson, SM Colfax, GN AF Koblin, Beryl A. Mansergh, Gordon Frye, Victoria Van Tieu, Hong Hoover, Donald R. Bonner, Sebastian Flores, Stephen A. Hudson, Sharon M. Colfax, Grant N. CA Project MIX Study Team TI Condom-Use Decision Making in the Context of Hypothetical Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis Efficacy Among Substance-Using Men Who Have Sex With Men: Project MIX SO JAIDS-JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES LA English DT Article DE HIV; gay men; pre-exposure prophylaxis; substance use ID HIGH-RISK MEN; HIV-INFECTION; BISEXUAL MEN; LIMITED KNOWLEDGE; YOUNG GAY; DRUG-USE; TRANSMISSION; POSTEXPOSURE; COMPULSIVITY; PREVENTION AB Objective: To examine condom-use decision making in the context of hypothetical pre-exposure prophylaxsis (PrEP) efficacy among men who have sex with men who use alcohol and other substances during sex. Methods: Substance-using men who have sex with men were recruited in 4 US cities for a behavioral intervention trial. Three groups were defined as follows: men who indicated that to not use a condom for receptive/insertive unprotected anal intercourse (UAI) while using PrEP, PrEP would need to be: (1) "almost always or always" effective (high efficacy); (2) effective "at least half the time or more but not almost always or always" (mid-range efficacy corresponding to recent PrEP trial results); (3) effective "less than half the time" (low efficacy). The mid-range efficacy group was compared with the low-efficacy group (as the reference) and to the-high efficacy group (as the reference). Results: Among 630 men who never used PrEP, 15.2% were in the mid-range efficacy group for receptive UAI and 34.1% in the mid-range efficacy group for insertive UAI. Scores on difficulty communicating about safer sex while high were significantly higher in the mid-range efficacy group compared with each of the other groups for both receptive and insertive UAI. Men who seemed to be differentiating PrEP use by anal sex role also scored higher on communication difficulties, although scoring lower on condom intentions. Conclusions: Communication about safer sex while under the influence of alcohol or other substances and condom intentions are important factors to consider for HIV prevention interventions for PrEP users. C1 [Koblin, Beryl A.; Van Tieu, Hong] New York Blood Ctr, Lindsley F Kimball Res Inst, Lab Infect Dis Prevent, New York, NY 10065 USA. [Mansergh, Gordon; Flores, Stephen A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Frye, Victoria] New York Blood Ctr, Lindsley F Kimball Res Inst, Lab Social & Behav Sci, New York, NY 10065 USA. [Hoover, Donald R.] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Stat, Piscataway, NJ USA. [Bonner, Sebastian] New York Acad Med, Ctr Urban Epidemiol Studies, New York, NY USA. [Colfax, Grant N.] HIV Prevent Sect, San Francisco, CA USA. [Hudson, Sharon M.] Hlth Res Assoc, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Koblin, BA (reprint author), New York Blood Ctr, Lindsley F Kimball Res Inst, Lab Infect Dis Prevent, 310 E 67th St, New York, NY 10065 USA. EM bkoblin@nybloodcenter.org FU Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [U65/CCU522209, U65/CCU922215, U65/CCU222309, U65/CCU922213] FX Supported by cooperative agreements from the Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention award numbers: U65/CCU522209 (Chicago), U65/CCU922215 (Los Angeles), U65/CCU222309 (New York), U65/CCU922213 (San Francisco). NR 37 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 5 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1525-4135 J9 JAIDS-J ACQ IMM DEF JI JAIDS PD NOV 1 PY 2011 VL 58 IS 3 BP 319 EP 327 DI 10.1097/QAI.0b013e31822b76d2 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 839QQ UT WOS:000296383900024 PM 21765363 ER PT J AU Torrone, EA Bertolli, J Li, JM Sweeney, P Jeffries, WL Ham, DC Peterman, TA AF Torrone, Elizabeth A. Bertolli, Jeanne Li, Jianmin Sweeney, Patricia Jeffries, William L. Ham, D. Cal Peterman, Thomas A. TI Increased HIV and Primary and Secondary Syphilis Diagnoses Among Young Men-United States, 2004-2008 SO JAIDS-JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES LA English DT Article DE HIV; men who have sex with men; syphilis ID BLACK-MEN; PREVENTION INTERVENTION; RISK BEHAVIORS; SEX; HIV/AIDS; INFECTION; CARE; REDISTRIBUTION; DISPARITIES; PREVALENCE AB Objectives: National data document increases in HIV and syphilis diagnoses in young black men who have sex with men (MSM), but trends could be driven by increases in a few large areas. We describe the extent to which metropolitan areas of varying population sizes have reported increases in HIV and syphilis diagnoses in young MSM. Methods: We examined trends in HIV and primary and secondary syphilis case reports from 2004 to 2008 in metropolitan areas having more than 500,000 persons and at least 500 black men aged 13-24 years (n = 73). We examined differences by age at diagnosis, race/ethnicity, and area size. Results: Comparing 2004/2005 with 2007/2008, HIV diagnoses increased in 85% (n = 62) of areas among black MSM aged 13-24 years; primary and secondary syphilis diagnoses in young black men increased in 70% of areas (n = 51). Areas had an average percentage increase of 68.7% (Interquartile range: 25.0-103.1) in HIV diagnoses among young black MSM and an average increase of 203.5% (interquartile range: 0.0-192.7) in primary and secondary syphilis. Across area size strata, the youngest group of black men had the highest average percentage increase in diagnoses of HIV and syphilis and the highest percentage of areas with increases in diagnoses. Conclusions: HIV and syphilis diagnoses increased among young black men in almost all areas, suggesting widespread increases across metropolitan areas of different sizes. Findings highlight the need for continued prevention efforts for young MSM, particularly young black MSM. C1 [Torrone, Elizabeth A.; Peterman, Thomas A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Torrone, Elizabeth A.; Jeffries, William L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Sci Educ & Profess Dev Program Off, Div Appl Sci, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Bertolli, Jeanne; Li, Jianmin; Sweeney, Patricia; Jeffries, William L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Torrone, EA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,M-S E02, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM etorrone@cdc.gov NR 40 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 3 U2 9 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1525-4135 J9 JAIDS-J ACQ IMM DEF JI JAIDS PD NOV 1 PY 2011 VL 58 IS 3 BP 328 EP 335 DI 10.1097/QAI.0b013e31822e1075 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 839QQ UT WOS:000296383900025 PM 21826012 ER PT J AU Trott, KA Chau, JY Hudgens, MG Fine, J Mfalila, CK Tarara, RP Collins, WE Sullivan, J Luckhart, S Abel, K AF Trott, Kristin A. Chau, Jennifer Y. Hudgens, Michael G. Fine, Jason Mfalila, Chelu K. Tarara, Ross P. Collins, William E. Sullivan, JoAnn Luckhart, Shirley Abel, Kristina TI Evidence for an Increased Risk of Transmission of Simian Immunodeficiency Virus and Malaria in a Rhesus Macaque Coinfection Model SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM MALARIA; SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA; ENHANCED GAMETOCYTE FORMATION; PLASMACYTOID DENDRITIC CELLS; MACACA-MULATTA MONKEYS; HUMAN CEREBRAL MALARIA; HIV-1 INFECTION; NITRIC-OXIDE; VIRAL LOAD; SIVMAC251 INFECTION AB In sub-Saharan Africa, HIV-1 infection frequently occurs in the context of other coinfecting pathogens, most importantly, Mycobacterium tuberculosis and malaria parasites. The consequences are often devastating, resulting in enhanced morbidity and mortality. Due to the large number of confounding factors influencing pathogenesis in coinfected people, we sought to develop a nonhuman primate model of simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV)-malaria coinfection. In sub-Saharan Africa, Plasmodium falciparum is the most common malaria parasite and is responsible for most malaria-induced deaths. The simian malaria parasite Plasmodium fragile can induce clinical symptoms, including cerebral malaria in rhesus macaques, that resemble those of P. falciparum infection in humans. Thus, based on the well-characterized rhesus macaque model of SIV infection, this study reports the development of a novel rhesus macaque SIV-P. fragile coinfection model to study human HIV-P. falciparum coinfection. Using this model, we show that coinfection is associated with an increased, although transient, risk of both HIV and malaria transmission. Specifically, SIV-P. fragile coinfected macaques experienced an increase in SIV viremia that was temporarily associated with an increase in potential SIV target cells and systemic immune activation during acute parasitemia. Conversely, primary parasitemia in SIV-P. fragile coinfected animals resulted in higher gametocytemia that subsequently translated into higher oocyst development in mosquitoes. To our knowledge, this is the first animal model able to recapitulate the increased transmission risk of both HIV and malaria in coinfected humans. Therefore, this model could serve as an essential tool to elucidate distinct immunological, virological, and/or parasitological parameters underlying disease exacerbation in HIV-malaria coinfected people. C1 [Abel, Kristina] Univ N Carolina, Sch Med, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Trott, Kristin A.; Tarara, Ross P.] Univ Calif Davis, Calif Natl Primate Res Ctr, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Chau, Jennifer Y.; Luckhart, Shirley] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Med Microbiol & Immunol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Hudgens, Michael G.; Mfalila, Chelu K.] Univ N Carolina, Ctr AIDS Res, Lineberger Comprehens Canc Ctr, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Hudgens, Michael G.; Fine, Jason] Univ N Carolina, Dept Biostat, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Collins, William E.; Sullivan, JoAnn] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Global Hlth, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Abel, K (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Sch Med, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Genet Med Bldg,Rm 2047,120 Mason Farm Rd,CB 7042, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. EM abelk@med.unc.edu FU NIH [R21AI077373, T32-AI060555]; STAR; VSTP; UNC CFAR (NIAID) [5 P30 AI050410-12]; NIH/NCRR [P51 RR00169-41] FX This work was supported by the NIH research grants R21AI077373 to K.A. and T32-AI060555, STAR, and VSTP to K. T. We acknowledge the support of the UNC CFAR Biostatistics Core by grant number 5 P30 AI050410-12 (NIAID). All animal work was made possible through the support of the CNPRC by NIH/NCRR grant P51 RR00169-41. NR 52 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0022-538X J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 85 IS 22 BP 11655 EP 11663 DI 10.1128/JVI.05644-11 PG 9 WC Virology SC Virology GA 840FB UT WOS:000296422700011 PM 21917966 ER PT J AU Wall, MI Carlson, SA Stein, AD Lee, SM Fulton, JE AF Wall, Megan I. Carlson, Susan A. Stein, Aryeh D. Lee, Sarah M. Fulton, Janet E. TI Trends by Age in Youth Physical Activity: Youth Media Campaign Longitudinal Survey SO MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE LA English DT Article DE ADOLESCENT; LONGITUDINAL; PHYSICAL ACTIVITY; SPORTS ID ADOLESCENT GIRLS; SPORTS PARTICIPATION; SEDENTARY BEHAVIOR; GENDER-DIFFERENCES; CHILDREN; DECLINE; ADULTHOOD; TRACKING; AVAILABILITY; CHILDHOOD AB WALL, M. I., S. A. CARLSON, A. D. STEIN, S. M. LEE, and J. E. FULTON. Trends by Age in Youth Physical Activity: Youth Media Campaign Longitudinal Survey. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc., Vol. 43, No. 11, pp. 2140-2147, 2011. Purpose: This study aimed to characterize longitudinal age trajectories across 5 yr in the prevalence of free-time and organized physical activity participation among US youth by sex, race, and parental education. Methods: Study participants were a nationally representative sample of youth, 9-13 yr old in 2002, who participated in the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Youth Media Campaign Longitudinal Survey. Baseline data were collected in 2002. Attrition for the next 4 yr resulted in an overall response rate of 23% by 2006 (n = 1623). The survey collected information concerning respondents' frequency of participation in free-time and organized physical activities outside school. Organized activities were defined as activities involving a coach, instructor, or other leader. Orthogonal polynomial contrasts were used to test for linear and quadratic trends in respondents' participation free-time and organized physical activity sessions during the previous 7 d over ages 9-17. Pairwise t-tests were used to determine whether age-specific estimates of participation rates differed significantly by sex, race, and parental education level. Results: Free-time physical activity participation prevalence declined linearly from ages 9 to 17 in both sexes but also demonstrated a quadratic trajectory in boys, peaking at age 13. Organized physical activity demonstrated a quadratic trajectory and declined most notably after age 14 in both sexes. Free-time physical activity participation was lower in girls compared with boys between ages 12 and 16 (difference range = 12-17 percentage points). Both non-white youth and those with less educated parents had lower organized physical activity participation at most ages (difference range = 15-29 percentage points). Conclusions: Free-time and organized physical activity exhibit different trajectories between ages 9 and 17 and are subject to dissimilar demographic level variation. C1 [Wall, Megan I.; Carlson, Susan A.; Lee, Sarah M.; Fulton, Janet E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30345 USA. [Wall, Megan I.; Stein, Aryeh D.] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Hubert Dept Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Wall, MI (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,Mail Stop K-46, Atlanta, GA 30345 USA. EM megan.i.wall@gmail.com OI Stein, Aryeh/0000-0003-1138-6458 NR 39 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 3 U2 16 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0195-9131 J9 MED SCI SPORT EXER JI Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 43 IS 11 BP 2140 EP 2147 DI 10.1249/MSS.0b013e31821f561a PG 8 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA 839MW UT WOS:000296372100016 PM 21502886 ER PT J AU Dos Anjos, LA Machado, JD Wahrlich, V De Vasconcellos, MTL Caspersen, CJ AF Dos Anjos, Luiz Antonio Machado, Juliana Da Mata Wahrlich, Vivian Leite De Vasconcellos, Mauricio Teixeira Caspersen, Carl J. TI Absolute and Relative Energy Costs of Walking in a Brazilian Adult Probability Sample SO MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE LA English DT Article DE WALKING; PHYSICAL ACTIVITY; ADULT; PUBLIC HEALTH; ENERGY EXPENDITURE; BASAL METABOLISM ID BASAL METABOLIC-RATE; ALL-CAUSE MORTALITY; OF-SPORTS-MEDICINE; RIO-DE-JANEIRO; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; PUBLIC-HEALTH; PREDICTIVE EQUATIONS; UNITED-STATES; WEIGHT-LOSS; EXPENDITURE AB DOS ANJOS, L. A., J. DA MATA MACHADO, V. WAHRLICH, M. T. L. DE VASCONCELLOS, and C. J. CASPERSEN. Absolute and Relative Energy Costs of Walking in a Brazilian Adult Probability Sample. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc., Vol. 43, No. 11, pp. 2211-2218, 2011. Background: Walking is commonly recommended for enhancing energy expenditure (EE), a basic principle in weight management, and cardiorespiratory fitness. However, walking EE varies with characteristics of a given population, especially by sex and age. Purpose: The study's purpose was to measure EE of walking as influenced by physical and physiological characteristics of a sample of adults (>= 20 yr) living in Niteroi, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Methods: Walking EE and HR were measured during a submaximal multistage treadmill test. The test stages lasted for 3 min each and started at a speed of 1.11 m.s(-1) and a grade of 0%. In the second stage, the grade was maintained at 0%, but the speed was increased to 1.56 m.s(-1) and maintained at this speed but with grade raised by 2.5% at each stage until 10% at stage 6. We measured resting oxygen consumption (METm) before the test with the participants sitting quietly. Results: METm (mL O-2.kg(-1).min(-1), mean +/- SE) was lower both in women (2.85 +/- 0.03) and in men (2.97 +/- 0.04) by almost 19% and 15%, respectively, compared with the conventionally estimated MET (METe) of 3.5 mL O-2.kg(-1).min(-1). Walking EE for any given speed and grade had an absolute intensity, expressed as multiples of METm or METe, that was practically equal between sexes and age groups, but it incurred higher individual physiological demand or relative intensity for women and older adults. Conclusions: Resting EE reflected by using METe is overestimated in the adult population of Niteroi. Prescription of activities to counteract the existing worldwide obesity epidemic should be ideally based on individual physiological information, especially among women and older individuals. C1 [Caspersen, Carl J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidemiol & Stat Branch, Div Diabet Translat, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Dos Anjos, Luiz Antonio; Machado, Juliana Da Mata; Wahrlich, Vivian] Univ Fed Fluminense, Dept Social Nutr, Nutr & Funct Res Lab, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. [Dos Anjos, Luiz Antonio] Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz, Natl Sch Publ Hlth, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. [Leite De Vasconcellos, Mauricio Teixeira] Brazilian Inst Geog & Stat, Natl Sch Stat Sci, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. [Leite De Vasconcellos, Mauricio Teixeira] Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz, Evandro Chagas Clin Res Inst, Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. RP Caspersen, CJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidemiol & Stat Branch, Div Diabet Translat, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Mailstop K-10,4770 Buford Highway NE, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM cjc1@cdc.gov RI Caspersen, Carl/B-2494-2009; Anjos, Luiz/I-4230-2012 FU Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior; Brazilian National Research Council (CNPq) [471172/2001-4, 475122/2003-8, 308489/2009-8, 302992/2003-0, 141142/2001-4]; Oswaldo Cruz Foundation [250.139] FX J. M. Machado received a grant from the Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior. The Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Health Survey was partially funded by the Brazilian National Research Council (CNPq, grants 471172/2001-4 and 475122/2003-8) and by the Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (PAPES III-Program to Support Strategic Projects in Health, 250.139). L. A. Anjos received a research productivity grant from CNPq (308489/2009-8). M. T. L. Vasconcellos received a research productivity grant from CNPq (302992/2003-0). V. Wahrlich received a Ph.D. scholarship from CNPq (141142/2001-4). NR 41 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0195-9131 J9 MED SCI SPORT EXER JI Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 43 IS 11 BP 2211 EP 2218 DI 10.1249/MSS.0b013e31821f5798 PG 8 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA 839MW UT WOS:000296372100025 PM 21502885 ER PT J AU Kissin, DM Power, ML Kahn, EB Williams, JL Jamieson, DJ MacFarlane, K Schulkin, J Zhang, YJ Callaghan, WM AF Kissin, Dmitry M. Power, Michael L. Kahn, Emily B. Williams, Jennifer L. Jamieson, Denise J. MacFarlane, Kitty Schulkin, Jay Zhang, Yujia Callaghan, William M. TI Attitudes and Practices of Obstetrician-Gynecologists Regarding Influenza Vaccination in Pregnancy SO OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Article ID 2009 H1N1 INFLUENZA; WOMEN; IMMUNIZATION; PREVENTION; PHYSICIANS; INFECTION; COMMUNITY; COVERAGE; ILLNESS; INFANTS AB OBJECTIVE: To assess knowledge, attitudes, and practices of obstetrician-gynecologists (ob-gyns) regarding vaccination of pregnant women during the 2009 H1N1 pandemic. METHODS: From February to July 2010, a self-administered mail survey was conducted among a random sample of American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (the College) members involved in obstetric care. To assess predictors of routinely offering influenza vaccination, adjusted prevalence ratios and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated from survey data. RESULTS: Among 3,096 survey recipients, 1,310 (42.3%) responded to the survey, of whom 873 were eligible for participation. The majority of ob-gyns reported routinely offering both seasonal and 2009 H1N1 influenza vaccination to their pregnant patients (77.6% and 85.6%, respectively) during the 2009-2010 season; 21.1% and 13.3% referred patients to other specialists. Reported reasons for not offering vaccination included inadequate reimbursement, storage limitations, or belief that vaccine should be administered by another provider. Seasonal and 2009 H1N1 influenza vaccination during the first trimester was not recommended by 10.6% and 9.6% of ob-gyns, respectively. Predictors of routinely offering 2009 H1N1 influenza vaccine included: considering primary care and preventive medicine a very important part of practice (adjusted prevalence ratio 1.2, CI 1.01-1.4); observing serious conditions attributed to influenza-like illness (adjusted prevalence ratio 1.1, CI 1.02-1.1); personally receiving 2009 H1N1 influenza vaccination (adjusted prevalence ratio 1.2, CI 1.1-1.4); and practicing in multispecialty group (adjusted prevalence ratio 1.1, CI 1.1-1.2). Physicians in solo practice were less likely to routinely offer influenza vaccine (adjusted prevalence ratio 0.8, CI 0.7-0.9). CONCLUSION: Although most ob-gyns routinely offered influenza vaccination to pregnant patients, vaccination coverage rates may be improved by addressing logistic and financial challenges of vaccine providers. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: III (Obstet Gynecol 2011;118:1074-80) DOI: 10.1097/AOG.0b013e3182329681 C1 [Kissin, Dmitry M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. Amer Coll Obstetricians & Gynecologists, Washington, DC 20024 USA. RP Kissin, DM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 4770 Buford Highway NE,MS K-34, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM DKissin@cdc.gov OI Kahn, Emily/0000-0001-7812-7958 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Department of Health and Human Services [U65PS000813-03]; Maternal and Child Health Bureau, Health Resources and Services Administration, Department of Health and Human Services [UA6MC19010] FX Funded by the cooperative agreement U65PS000813-03 from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Department of Health and Human Services, and by the cooperative agreement UA6MC19010 from the Maternal and Child Health Bureau, Health Resources and Services Administration, Department of Health and Human Services. NR 38 TC 32 Z9 33 U1 1 U2 7 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0029-7844 J9 OBSTET GYNECOL JI Obstet. Gynecol. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 118 IS 5 BP 1074 EP 1080 DI 10.1097/AOG.0b013e3182329681 PG 7 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 838LK UT WOS:000296292600015 PM 22015875 ER PT J AU Stebbins, S Cummings, DAT Stark, JH Vukotich, C Mitruka, K Thompson, W Rinaldo, C Roth, L Wagner, M Wisniewski, SR Dato, V Eng, H Burke, DS AF Stebbins, Samuel Cummings, Derek A. T. Stark, James H. Vukotich, Chuck Mitruka, Kiren Thompson, William Rinaldo, Charles Roth, Loren Wagner, Michael Wisniewski, Stephen R. Dato, Virginia Eng, Heather Burke, Donald S. TI Reduction in the Incidence of Influenza A But Not Influenza B Associated With Use of Hand Sanitizer and Cough Hygiene in Schools A Randomized Controlled Trial SO PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE influenza; nonpharmaceutical interventions; school-aged children; randomized controlled trial; hand sanitizer; absence surveillance; laboratory testing ID PANDEMIC INFLUENZA; SEATTLE FAMILIES; VIRUS INFECTIONS; ILLNESS; ABSENTEEISM; HOUSEHOLDS; TRANSMISSION; COMMUNITY; CHILDREN; AGE AB Background: Laboratory-based evidence is lacking regarding the efficacy of nonpharmaceutical interventions (NPIs) such as alcohol-based hand sanitizer and respiratory hygiene to reduce the spread of influenza. Methods: The Pittsburgh Influenza Prevention Project was a cluster-randomized trial conducted in 10 elementary schools in Pittsburgh, PA, during the 2007 to 2008 influenza season. Children in 5 intervention schools received training in hand and respiratory hygiene, and were provided and encouraged to use hand sanitizer regularly. Children in 5 schools acted as controls. Children with influenza-like illness were tested for influenza A and B by reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. Results: A total of 3360 children participated in this study. Using reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction, 54 cases of influenza A and 50 cases of influenza B were detected. We found no significant effect of the intervention on the primary study outcome of all laboratory-confirmed influenza cases (incidence rate ratio [IRR] : 0.81; 95% confidence interval [CI] : 0.54, 1.23). However, we did find statistically significant differences in protocol-specified ancillary outcomes. Children in intervention schools had significantly fewer laboratory-confirmed influenza A infections than children in control schools, with an adjusted IRR of 0.48 (95% CI: 0.26, 0.87). Total absent episodes were also significantly lower among the intervention group than among the control group; adjusted IRR 0.74 (95% CI: 0.56, 0.97). Conclusions: NPIs (respiratory hygiene education and the regular use of hand sanitizer) did not reduce total laboratory-confirmed influenza. However, the interventions did reduce school total absence episodes by 26% and laboratory-confirmed influenza A infections by 52%. Our results suggest that NPIs can be an important adjunct to influenza vaccination programs to reduce the number of influenza A infections among children. C1 [Stebbins, Samuel; Stark, James H.; Wisniewski, Stephen R.; Eng, Heather; Burke, Donald S.] Univ Pittsburgh, Grad Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. [Cummings, Derek A. T.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Div Infect Dis, Baltimore, MD USA. [Vukotich, Chuck] Univ Pittsburgh, Grad Sch Publ Hlth, Ctr Publ Hlth Practice, Pittsburgh, PA USA. [Mitruka, Kiren] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Off Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Thompson, William] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Noncommunicable Dis Injury & Environm Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. [Rinaldo, Charles] Univ Pittsburgh, Grad Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Infect Dis & Microbiol, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. [Wagner, Michael; Dato, Virginia] Penn Dept Hlth, Harrisburg, PA 17108 USA. RP Stebbins, S (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Grad Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, DeSoto St,Room A733, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. EM stebbins@pitt.edu OI Wisniewski, Stephen/0000-0002-3877-9860; /0000-0002-5704-8094 FU NIH MIDAS [1U01-GM070708]; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) [5UCI000435-02]; Burroughs Welcome Fund FX Supported by NIH MIDAS program (1U01-GM070708) (to D.C. and D.B.) and Cooperative Agreement number 5UCI000435-02 from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). D.C. holds a Career Award at the Scientific Interface from the Burroughs Welcome Fund. NR 27 TC 28 Z9 29 U1 1 U2 10 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0891-3668 J9 PEDIATR INFECT DIS J JI Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 30 IS 11 BP 921 EP 926 DI 10.1097/INF.0b013e3182218656 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics GA 839IP UT WOS:000296359200004 PM 21691245 ER PT J AU Nerby, JM Gorwitz, R Lesher, L Juni, B Jawahir, S Lynfield, R Harriman, K AF Nerby, Jessica M. Gorwitz, Rachel Lesher, Lindsey Juni, Billie Jawahir, Selina Lynfield, Ruth Harriman, Kathleen TI Risk Factors for Household Transmission of Community-associated Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus SO PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE MRSA; nasal colonization; CA-MRSA; household transmission ID FIELD GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS; NASAL CARRIAGE; UNITED-STATES; FOOTBALL TEAM; COLONIZATION; INFECTIONS; PREVALENCE; CHILDREN; EPIDEMIOLOGY; RATES AB Background: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has emerged as a community pathogen. Community-associated (CA) MRSA infections have occurred among multiple members of a household. We describe the incidence of and risk factors for MRSA colonization among household contacts of children with CA-MRSA infections. Methods: MRSA-infected children <18 years of age who lacked established healthcare-associated MRSA risk factors were identified through surveillance at 12 Minnesota hospital laboratories. Nasal swab specimens and information on medical history and hygiene behaviors were collected from case-patients and enrolled household contacts during home visits. S. aureus isolates obtained from nasal cultures were screened for oxacillin resistance. Results: In all, 236 households consisting of 236 case-patients and 712 household contacts were enrolled. Home visits were conducted on an average of 69 days after the onset of symptom in case-patients (range: 16-178 days). Twenty-nine (13%) case-patients and 82 (12%) household contacts had MRSA nasal colonization. Nasal MRSA colonization in >= 1 household contact occurred in 58 (25%) households. Household contacts who assisted the case-patient to bathe or who shared balms/ointments/lotion with the case-patient were more likely to be colonized (P < 0.01, P < 0.05), whereas those who reported using antibacterial versus nonantibacterial soap for hand washing were less likely to be colonized (P < 0.05) with MRSA clonally related to the case-patient infection isolate. Conclusions: Only 13% of case-patients had MRSA nasal colonization on an average of 69 days after their initial MRSA infection. CA-MRSA colonization may be short-lived or may occur at non-nasal sites. One quarter of households had at least one household contact colonized with MRSA. Modifiable behaviors, such as sharing personal items, may contribute to transmission. C1 [Nerby, Jessica M.] Minnesota Dept Hlth, Infect Dis Epidemiol Prevent & Control Sect, St Paul, MN 55164 USA. [Gorwitz, Rachel] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Juni, Billie; Jawahir, Selina] Minnesota Dept Hlth, Publ Hlth Labs, St Paul, MN 55164 USA. RP Nerby, JM (reprint author), Minnesota Dept Hlth, Infect Dis Epidemiol Prevent & Control Sect, 625 N Robert St,POB 64975, St Paul, MN 55164 USA. EM jessica.nerby@allina.com FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [U01 C1000289-01] FX Supported by a cooperative grant from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (Grant U01 C1000289-01). NR 43 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 4 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0891-3668 J9 PEDIATR INFECT DIS J JI Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 30 IS 11 BP 927 EP 932 DI 10.1097/INF.0b013e31822256c3 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics GA 839IP UT WOS:000296359200005 PM 21617572 ER PT J AU Weston, EJ Pondo, T Lewis, MM Martell-Cleary, P Morin, C Jewell, B Daily, P Apostol, M Petit, S Farley, M Lynfield, R Reingold, A Hansen, NI Stoll, BJ Shane, AL Zell, E Schrag, SJ AF Weston, Emily J. Pondo, Tracy Lewis, Melissa M. Martell-Cleary, Pat Morin, Craig Jewell, Brenda Daily, Pam Apostol, Mirasol Petit, Sue Farley, Monica Lynfield, Ruth Reingold, Art Hansen, Nellie I. Stoll, Barbara J. Shane, Andi L. Zell, Elizabeth Schrag, Stephanie J. TI The Burden of Invasive Early-onset Neonatal Sepsis in the United States, 2005-2008 SO PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE early-onset; neonatal sepsis; group B Streptococcus; disease burden ID B-STREPTOCOCCAL DISEASE; BIRTH-WEIGHT INFANTS; NATIONAL-INSTITUTE; RESEARCH NETWORK; CHILD-HEALTH; RISK-FACTORS; INFECTIONS; PREVENTION; CONTINUES AB Background: Sepsis in the first 3 days of life is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among infants. Group B Streptococcus (GBS), historically the primary cause of early-onset sepsis (EOS), has declined through widespread use of intrapartum chemoprophylaxis. We estimated the national burden of invasive EOS cases and deaths in the era of GBS prevention. Methods: Population-based surveillance for invasive EOS was conducted in 4 of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Active Bacterial Core surveillance sites from 2005 to 2008. We calculated incidence using state and national live birth files. Estimates of the national number of cases and deaths were calculated, standardizing by race and gestational age. Results: Active Bacterial Core surveillance identified 658 cases of EOS; 72 (10.9%) were fatal. Overall incidence remained stable during the 3 years (2005: 0.77 cases/1000 live births; 2008: 0.76 cases/1000 live births). GBS (similar to 38%) was the most commonly reported pathogen followed by Escherichia coli (similar to 24%). Black preterm infants had the highest incidence (5.14 cases/1000 live births) and case fatality (24.4%). Nonblack term infants had the lowest incidence (0.40 cases/1000 live births) and case fatality (1.6%). The estimated national annual burden of EOS was approximately 3320 cases (95% confidence interval [CI] : 3060-3580), including 390 deaths (95% CI: 300-490). Among preterm infants, 1570 cases (95% CI: 1400-1770; 47.3% of the overall) and 360 deaths (95% CI: 280-460; 92.3% of the overall) occurred annually. Conclusions: The burden of invasive EOS remains substantial in the era of GBS prevention and disproportionately affects preterm and black infants. Identification of strategies to prevent preterm births is needed to reduce the neonatal sepsis burden. C1 [Weston, Emily J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Resp Dis Branch, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Stoll, Barbara J.; Shane, Andi L.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Atlanta, GA USA. [Martell-Cleary, Pat; Farley, Monica; Stoll, Barbara J.] VAMC, Atlanta, GA USA. [Morin, Craig; Jewell, Brenda; Lynfield, Ruth] Minnesota Dept Hlth, St Paul, MN USA. [Daily, Pam; Apostol, Mirasol; Reingold, Art] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA USA. [Petit, Sue] Connecticut Dept Hlth, Hartford, CT USA. [Hansen, Nellie I.] RTI Int, Stat & Epidemiol Unit, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Stoll, Barbara J.; Shane, Andi L.] Childrens Healthcare Atlanta, Atlanta, GA USA. NICHHD, Neonatal Res Network, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Weston, EJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Resp Dis Branch, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS C-23, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM csi7@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; National Institutes of Health; Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) FX Supported by the Emerging Infections Program of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (to ABC). The National Institutes of Health and the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) provided grant support for the Neonatal Research Network's Early-Onset Sepsis Study. NR 24 TC 119 Z9 123 U1 0 U2 10 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0891-3668 J9 PEDIATR INFECT DIS J JI Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 30 IS 11 BP 937 EP 941 DI 10.1097/INF.0b013e318223bad2 PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics GA 839IP UT WOS:000296359200007 PM 21654548 ER PT J AU Esposito, DH Holman, RC Haberling, DL Tate, JE Podewils, LJ Glass, RI Parashar, U AF Esposito, Douglas H. Holman, Robert C. Haberling, Dana L. Tate, Jacqueline E. Podewils, Laura Jean Glass, Roger I. Parashar, Umesh TI Baseline Estimates of Diarrhea-associated Mortality Among United States Children Before Rotavirus Vaccine Introduction SO PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE diarrhea; mortality; US children; pre-rotavirus vaccine ID ACUTE GASTROENTERITIS HOSPITALIZATIONS; US CHILDREN; REDUCTION; MORBIDITY; INFANTS; DISEASE; DEATHS; TRENDS; AGE AB Objectives: Deaths due to diarrhea among US children declined substantially from the 1960s through the 1980s, but have not been recently assessed. We examined diarrhea-associated mortality among young US children from 1992 to 2006 to establish baseline estimates through which the effect of rotavirus vaccines, introduced in 2006, can be assessed. Methods: National Center for Health Statistics multiple cause-of-death mortality data were used to examine diarrhea-associated deaths and death rates among US children 1 to 59 months of age during 1992-2006. The winter residual method was used to indirectly estimate the annual number of diarrhea-associated deaths attributable to rotavirus. Results: An average of 369 diarrhea-associated deaths/year (3320 total deaths) occurred among US children 1 to 59 months of age during 1992-1998 and 2005-2006. The diarrhea-associated death rate increased 40% between the first 3 and last 2 years of the study period, from an average of 1.6 deaths per 100,000 to 2.3 deaths per 100,000. Black children died at almost 4 times the rate of white children. Diarrhea-associated deaths showed a winter seasonal pattern similar to that of rotavirus, particularly among children 4 to 23 months of age. Using indirect methods, we estimated 25 yearly rotavirus-associated deaths during the study period. Rotavirus vaccination could potentially prevent 21 of these deaths annually. Conclusions: Diarrhea-associated mortality among US children stabilized but appears to be increasing in recent years. Rotavirus was associated with a small but significant number of preventable deaths. The national multiple cause-of-death data should prove useful for assessing mortality impact of rotavirus vaccination in the United States. C1 [Esposito, Douglas H.; Tate, Jacqueline E.; Parashar, Umesh] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Esposito, Douglas H.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Off Workforce & Career Dev, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Holman, Robert C.; Haberling, Dana L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging Zoonot & Infect Dis, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, Atlanta, GA USA. [Podewils, Laura Jean] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Int Res & Programs Branch, Div TB Eliminat, Atlanta, GA USA. [Glass, Roger I.] NIH, Fogarty Int Ctr, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Esposito, DH (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, 1600 Clinton Rd NE,MS E-03, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM hgj4@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX Supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 35 TC 9 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0891-3668 J9 PEDIATR INFECT DIS J JI Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 30 IS 11 BP 942 EP 947 DI 10.1097/INF.0b013e3182254d19 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics GA 839IP UT WOS:000296359200008 PM 21691244 ER PT J AU Setse, RW Siberry, GK Gravitt, PE Moss, WJ Agwu, AL Wheeling, JT Bohannon, BA Dominguez, KL AF Setse, Rosanna W. Siberry, George K. Gravitt, Patti E. Moss, William J. Agwu, Allison L. Wheeling, John T. Bohannon, Beverly A. Dominguez, Kenneth L. CA LEGACY Consortium TI Correlates of Sexual Activity and Sexually Transmitted Infections Among Human Immunodeficiency Virus-infected Youth in the LEGACY Cohort, United States, 2006 SO PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE HIV-infected adolescents; Perinatally infected; Behaviorally infected; Sexual activity; Sexually transmitted infections ID ACQUIRED HIV-INFECTION; OLDER CHILDREN; RISK BEHAVIORS; DRUG-USERS; ADOLESCENTS; DISCLOSURE; HEALTH; TRANSMISSION; PREVALENCE; DIAGNOSIS AB Background: To determine the prevalence and correlates of sexual activity and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) among human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected youth. Methods: The Longitudinal Epidemiologic Study to Gain Insight into HIV/AIDS in Children and Youth (LEGACY) is an observational medical record study of perinatally and behaviorally HIV-infected (PHIV and BHIV) youth followed at 22 US HIV clinics. PHIV youth were HIV infected at birth or by breast-feeding. BHIV youth were HIV infected sexually or by injection drug use. We determined the prevalence of sexual activity during 2006 and examined correlates of sexual activity among 13- to 24-year-old PHIV youth using multivariable generalized linear models. Among sexually active persons, we determined the association between mode of HIV acquisition and non-HIV STI diagnosis using multivariable generalized linear models. Results: In all, 34% (195/571) of PHIV and 89% (162/181) of BHIV youth were sexually active. Eighty percent (155/195) of sexually active PHIV youth reported ever using condoms. Ninety-three percent discussed sex with a health care provider. Increasing age (adjusted prevalence ratio [APR]: 1.17 per year of age, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.12-1.23), having a boyfriend/girlfriend (APR: 2.74, 95% CI = 1.75-4.29), and injection drug use (APR: 1.38, 95% CI = 1.06-1.79) correlated with sexual activity after adjusting for socio-demographic and HIV-related clinical variables. Among sexually active youth, after adjusting for relevant confounders, PHIV youth were less likely than BHIV youth to have been diagnosed with an STI in 2006 (APR: 0.25, 95% [CI] = 0.13-0.46). Conclusions: Sexual activity among HIV-infected adolescents is common. Factors associated with sexual activity in this study should be taken into account in developing behavioral risk reduction interventions targeting PHIV youth. C1 [Setse, Rosanna W.; Gravitt, Patti E.; Moss, William J.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Siberry, George K.] Eunice Kennedy Shriver Natl Inst Child Hlth & Hum, Pediat Adolescent Maternal AIDS Branch, NIH, Bethesda, MD USA. [Agwu, Allison L.] Johns Hopkins Med Inst, Dept Pediat Infect Dis, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Wheeling, John T.] Northrop Grummon Inc, Atlanta, GA USA. [Bohannon, Beverly A.; Dominguez, Kenneth L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Setse, RW (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Sch Publ Hlth, 615 N Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. EM rsetse@hotmail.com FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA [200-2004-09976] FX The LEGACY project was funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, contract number 200-2004-09976.; In addition, we thank Kathy Joyce, Julie Davidson, Sharon Swanigan, Patrick Tschumper, Amanda Fournier and Kathleen Paul at Westat Inc. (Rockville, MD) for contractual support, site monitoring, and data management support. We also thank Vicki Peters (New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene) who has served as a consultant to the LEGACY project. We are also grateful to the patients and caregivers who consented to participate in LEGACY, as well as the administrative personnel at each study site, Westat and CDC. NR 40 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0891-3668 J9 PEDIATR INFECT DIS J JI Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 30 IS 11 BP 967 EP 973 DI 10.1097/INF.0b013e3182326779 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics GA 839IP UT WOS:000296359200013 PM 22001904 ER PT J AU Desai, R Esposito, DH Lees, C Goodin, K Harris, M Blostein, J Parashar, UD AF Desai, Rishi Esposito, Doug H. Lees, Christine Goodin, Kate Harris, Meg Blostein, Joel Parashar, Umesh D. TI ROTAVIRUS-CODED DEATHS IN CHILDREN, UNITED STATES, 1999-2007 SO PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE rotavirus; death; United States ID INFANTS; HOSPITALIZATIONS; GASTROENTERITIS; TRENDS AB The introduction of specific International Classification of Diseases-10th revision code for rotavirus in 1999 prompted us to examine the US mortality data for 1999-2007 to validate rotavirus-coded deaths. Of 38 rotavirus-coded deaths identified in the national multiple cause-of-death database, results of laboratory testing could be obtained for 21 deaths, all of which had confirmation of rotavirus by either microbiologic or histopathologic testing. C1 [Desai, Rishi; Esposito, Doug H.; Parashar, Umesh D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Lees, Christine] Minnesota Dept Hlth, St Paul, MN USA. [Goodin, Kate] Florida Dept Hlth, Tallahassee, FL USA. [Harris, Meg] Iowa Dept Publ Hlth, Des Moines, IA 50319 USA. [Blostein, Joel] Michigan Dept Community Hlth, Lansing, MI USA. RP Desai, R (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS-A47, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM rdesai1@cdc.gov NR 13 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0891-3668 J9 PEDIATR INFECT DIS J JI Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 30 IS 11 BP 986 EP 988 DI 10.1097/INF.0b013e318220fe20 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics GA 839IP UT WOS:000296359200017 PM 21577173 ER PT J AU Kim, M Holt, JB Eisen, RJ Padgett, K Relsen, WK Croft, JB AF Kim, Minho Holt, James B. Eisen, Rebecca J. Padgett, Kerry Relsen, William K. Croft, Janet B. TI Detection of Swimming Pools by Geographic Object-based Image Analysis to Support West Nile Virus Control Efforts SO PHOTOGRAMMETRIC ENGINEERING AND REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article ID DIFFERENCE WATER INDEX; DELINQUENT MORTGAGES; CALIFORNIA; CLASSIFICATION; MOSQUITOS; TEXTURE; GEOBIA; SCALE AB The recent economic crisis in United States has led to an increase in home foreclosures and subsequent abandonments. A by-product of this trend has been an associated rise in the number of neglected swimming pools, which provide new habitats for the larval stages of the Culex mosquito vectors of West Nile Virus (WNV) in urban and suburban environments. WNV has been major concern related to neglected swimming pools in California. Our research focused on using very high spatial resolution (VHR) satellite imagery and processing techniques, including image pansharpening, normalized difference water index, and geographic object-based image analysis (GEOBIA), to develop a geographic information system (GIS) database of swimming pool locations. This research demonstrated that GEOBIA with VIM imagery could produce a GIS database of swimming pools with the high accuracy of 94 percent. The analytic approach of this research is expected to economically facilitate the location of swimming pools for ground inspection and mosquito control. C1 [Kim, Minho; Holt, James B.; Croft, Janet B.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Emerging Invest & Analyt Methods Branch, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Eisen, Rebecca J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Bacterial Dis Branch, Div Vector Borne Dis, Ft Collins, CO 80522 USA. [Padgett, Kerry] Calif Dept Publ Hlth, Vector Borne Dis Sect, Richmond, CA 94804 USA. [Relsen, William K.] Univ Calif Davis, Ctr Vectorborne Dis, Sch Vet Med, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Kim, M (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Emerging Invest & Analyt Methods Branch, Div Adult & Community Hlth, 4770 Buford Highway NE,MS K-67, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM mhkim73@gmail.com; htj0@cdc.gov RI Ma, Lei/I-4597-2014 NR 40 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 12 PU AMER SOC PHOTOGRAMMETRY PI BETHESDA PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE SUITE 210, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2160 USA SN 0099-1112 J9 PHOTOGRAMM ENG REM S JI Photogramm. Eng. Remote Sens. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 77 IS 11 BP 1169 EP 1179 PG 11 WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Physical Geography; Geology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 839XA UT WOS:000296401600009 ER PT J AU Heitgerd, JL Kalayil, EJ Patel-Larson, A Uhl, G Williams, WO Griffin, T Smith, BD AF Heitgerd, Janet L. Kalayil, Elizabeth J. Patel-Larson, Alpa Uhl, Gary Williams, Weston O. Griffin, Tanesha Smith, Bryce D. TI Reduced Sexual Risk Behaviors Among People Living with HIV: Results from the Healthy Relationships Outcome Monitoring Project SO AIDS AND BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article DE HIV; Risk reduction behavior; Healthy Relationships; Program evaluation; Safe sex ID UNITED-STATES; PREVENTION INTERVENTIONS; CONTROLLED-TRIALS; TRANSMISSION; PREVALENCE; METAANALYSIS; STRATEGIES; HIV/AIDS; PROGRAMS; INMATES AB In 2006, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention funded seven community-based organizations (CBOs) to conduct outcome monitoring of Healthy Relationships. Healthy Relationships is an evidence-based behavioral intervention for people living with HIV. Demographic and sexual risk behaviors recalled by participants with a time referent of the past 90 days were collected over a 17-month project period using a repeated measures design. Data were collected at baseline, and at 3 and 6 months after the intervention. Generalized estimating equations were used to assess the changes in sexual risk behaviors after participation in Healthy Relationships. Our findings show that participants (n = 474) in the outcome monitoring project reported decreased sexual risk behaviors over time, such as fewer number of partners (RR = 0.55; 95% CI 0.41-0.73, P < 0.001) and any unprotected sex events (OR = 0.44; 95% CI 0.36-0.54, P < 0.001) at 6 months after the intervention. Additionally, this project demonstrates that CBOs can successfully collect and report longitudinal outcome monitoring data. C1 [Heitgerd, Janet L.; Patel-Larson, Alpa; Uhl, Gary; Smith, Bryce D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Program Evaluat Branch, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Kalayil, Elizabeth J.; Williams, Weston O.] MANILA Consulting Grp Inc, Mclean, VA USA. [Griffin, Tanesha] Northrup Grumman, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Heitgerd, JL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Program Evaluat Branch, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS-E59, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM JHeitgerd@cdc.gov NR 23 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 3 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1090-7165 J9 AIDS BEHAV JI AIDS Behav. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 15 IS 8 BP 1677 EP 1690 DI 10.1007/s10461-011-9913-2 PG 14 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences, Biomedical SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Biomedical Social Sciences GA 831MN UT WOS:000295735200010 PM 21390538 ER PT J AU Fisher, HH Patel-Larson, A Green, K Shapatava, E Uhl, G Kalayil, EJ Moore, A Williams, W Chen, B AF Fisher, Holly H. Patel-Larson, A. Green, K. Shapatava, E. Uhl, G. Kalayil, E. J. Moore, A. Williams, W. Chen, B. TI Evaluation of an HIV Prevention Intervention for African Americans and Hispanics: Findings from the VOICES/VOCES Community-Based Organization Behavioral Outcomes Project SO AIDS AND BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article DE HIV sexual risk behaviors; HIV risk reduction interventions; VOICES/VOCES; African Americans; Hispanics; HIV/AIDS ID LONGITUDINAL DATA-ANALYSIS; CONDOM ACQUISITION; PATIENT EDUCATION; RISK; IMPLEMENTATION; ADAPTATION; DIFFUSION; FIDELITY; SYSTEM; IMPACT AB There is limited knowledge about whether the delivery of evidence-based, HIV prevention interventions in 'real world' settings will produce outcomes similar to efficacy trial outcomes. In this study, we describe longitudinal changes in sexual risk outcomes among African American and Hispanic participants in the Video Opportunities for Innovative Condom Education and Safer Sex (VOICES/VOCES) program at four CDC-funded agencies. VOICES/VOCES was delivered to 922 high-risk individuals in a variety of community settings such as substance abuse treatment centers, housing complex centers, private residences, shelters, clinics, and colleges. Significant risk reductions were consistently observed at 30- and 120-days post-intervention for all outcome measures (e.g., unprotected sex, self-reported STD infection). Risk reductions were strongest for African American participants, although Hispanic participants also reported reducing their risky behaviors. These results suggest that, over a decade after the first diffusion of VOICES/VOCES across the U.S. by CDC, this intervention remains an effective tool for reducing HIV risk behaviors among high-risk African American and Hispanic individuals. C1 [Fisher, Holly H.; Patel-Larson, A.; Green, K.; Uhl, G.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Shapatava, E.] Ginn Grp Inc, Atlanta, GA USA. [Kalayil, E. J.; Moore, A.; Williams, W.; Chen, B.] MANILA Consulting Grp Inc, Mclean, VA USA. RP Fisher, HH (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS-E59, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM hfisher@cdc.gov NR 32 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 6 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1090-7165 J9 AIDS BEHAV JI AIDS Behav. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 15 IS 8 BP 1691 EP 1706 DI 10.1007/s10461-011-9961-7 PG 16 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences, Biomedical SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Biomedical Social Sciences GA 831MN UT WOS:000295735200011 PM 21573724 ER PT J AU Wu, E El-Bassel, N McVinney, LD Hess, L Remien, RH Charania, M Mansergh, G AF Wu, Elwin El-Bassel, Nabila McVinney, L. Donald Hess, Leona Remien, Robert H. Charania, Mahnaz Mansergh, Gordon TI Feasibility and Promise of a Couple-Based HIV/STI Preventive Intervention for Methamphetamine-Using, Black Men Who have Sex with Men SO AIDS AND BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article DE HIV; Prevention; Couples-Men who have sex with men; African American; Black; Methamphetamine ID FACE-TO-FACE; RISK REDUCTION; HETEROSEXUAL COUPLES; CONTROLLED-TRIALS; HIV TRANSMISSION; INTERVIEW MODES; DRUG-USE; PARTNERS; EFFICACY; SUPERINFECTION AB Accumulating evidence supports couple-based approaches for HIV/STI preventive interventions. Yet, to date, no studies have examined couple-based sexual risk reductions intervention specifically for men who have sex with men (MSM) from populations with elevated rates of HIV/STI transmission, such as black MSM and methamphetamine-involved MSM. We pilot tested-using a pre-/post-test design-a seven-session couple-based intervention for black, methamphetamine-using, black MSM couples engaging in sexual risk. Feasibility was assessed via recruitment and retention rates; potential efficacy relied on self-reported sexual risk and drug use prior to and two months following intervention delivery. We enrolled 34 couples (N = 68 men). Over 80% attended all seven intervention sessions, and retention exceeded 95% at two-month follow-up. At follow-up, participants reported significantly fewer sexual partners, fewer episodes of unprotected anal sex, and greater condom use with their main partner; participants also reported significantly less methamphetamine use, any illicit drug use, and number of illicit drugs used. These findings indicate that couple-based HIV/STI intervention is feasible and promising for at-risk black MSM couples. C1 [Wu, Elwin; El-Bassel, Nabila; Hess, Leona] Columbia Univ, Sch Social Work, Social Intervent Grp, New York, NY 10027 USA. [McVinney, L. Donald] Harlem United, New York, NY USA. [Remien, Robert H.] New York State Psychiat Inst & Hosp, HIV Ctr Clin & Behav Studies, New York, NY 10032 USA. [Charania, Mahnaz; Mansergh, Gordon] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Wu, E (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Sch Social Work, Social Intervent Grp, 1255 Amsterdam Ave, New York, NY 10027 USA. EM ew157@columbia.edu FU NCHHSTP CDC HHS [UR6PS000300] NR 35 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 8 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1090-7165 J9 AIDS BEHAV JI AIDS Behav. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 15 IS 8 BP 1745 EP 1754 DI 10.1007/s10461-011-9997-8 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences, Biomedical SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Biomedical Social Sciences GA 831MN UT WOS:000295735200016 PM 21766193 ER PT J AU Rhodes, SD McCoy, TP Vissman, AT DiClemente, RJ Duck, S Hergenrather, KC Foley, KL Alonzo, J Bloom, FR Eng, E AF Rhodes, Scott D. McCoy, Thomas P. Vissman, Aaron T. DiClemente, Ralph J. Duck, Stacy Hergenrather, Kenneth C. Foley, Kristie Long Alonzo, Jorge Bloom, Fred R. Eng, Eugenia TI A Randomized Controlled Trial of a Culturally Congruent Intervention to Increase Condom Use and HIV Testing Among Heterosexually Active Immigrant Latino Men SO AIDS AND BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article DE Hispanic/Latino; Intervention; HIV; Men; Prevention; Community-based participatory research; CBPR; Immigrant ID LAY HEALTH ADVISERS; SOUTH-EASTERN USA; PARTICIPATORY RESEARCH; BEHAVIORAL INTERVENTIONS; PREVENTION INTERVENTIONS; HIV/AIDS PREVENTION; RISK BEHAVIORS; NORTH-CAROLINA; PUERTO-RICO; REDUCE HIV AB This randomized controlled trial tested the efficacy of an HIV prevention intervention to increase condom use and HIV testing among Spanish-speaking, heterosexually active immigrant Latino men. A community-based participatory research partnership developed the intervention and selected the study design. Following baseline data collection, 142 immigrant Latino men were randomized to the HIV prevention intervention or the cancer education intervention. Three-month follow-up data were collected from 139 participants, for a 98% retention rate. Mean age of participants was 31.6 years and 60% reported being from Mexico. Adjusting for baseline behaviors, relative to their peers in the cancer education comparison, participants in the HIV prevention intervention were more likely to report consistent condom use and receiving an HIV test. Community-based interventions for immigrant Latino men that are built on state of the art prevention science and developed in partnership with community members can greatly enhance preventive behaviors and may reduce HIV infection. C1 [Rhodes, Scott D.; Alonzo, Jorge] Wake Forest Univ, Bowman Gray Sch Med, Dept Social Sci & Hlth Policy, Div Publ Hlth Sci, Winston Salem, NC 27157 USA. [Rhodes, Scott D.] Wake Forest Univ, Bowman Gray Sch Med, Dept Internal Med, Winston Salem, NC 27103 USA. [Rhodes, Scott D.] Wake Forest Univ, Bowman Gray Sch Med, Maya Angelou Ctr Hlth Equ, Winston Salem, NC 27103 USA. [McCoy, Thomas P.] Wake Forest Univ, Bowman Gray Sch Med, Dept Biostat Sci, Div Publ Hlth Sci, Winston Salem, NC 27103 USA. [Vissman, Aaron T.; DiClemente, Ralph J.] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Duck, Stacy] Chatham Social Hlth Council, Siler City, NC USA. [Hergenrather, Kenneth C.] George Washington Univ, Dept Counseling Human Org Studies, Washington, DC USA. [Foley, Kristie Long] Davidson Coll, Davidson, NC 28036 USA. [Bloom, Fred R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Eng, Eugenia] Univ N Carolina, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Behav & Hlth Educ, Chapel Hill, NC USA. RP Rhodes, SD (reprint author), Wake Forest Univ, Bowman Gray Sch Med, Dept Social Sci & Hlth Policy, Div Publ Hlth Sci, Med Ctr Blvd, Winston Salem, NC 27157 USA. EM srhodes@wfubmc.edu FU NIMH NIH HHS [R21 MH079827, R21 MH079827-02, R21MH079827]; NIMHD NIH HHS [R24 MD002774-02, R24 MD002774] NR 89 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 2 U2 11 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1090-7165 J9 AIDS BEHAV JI AIDS Behav. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 15 IS 8 BP 1764 EP 1775 DI 10.1007/s10461-011-9903-4 PG 12 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences, Biomedical SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Biomedical Social Sciences GA 831MN UT WOS:000295735200018 PM 21301948 ER PT J AU Overton, ET Kauwe, JSK Paul, R Tashima, K Tate, DF Patel, P Carpenter, CCJ Patty, D Brooks, JT Clifford, DB AF Overton, Edgar Turner Kauwe, John S. K. Paul, Robert Tashima, Karen Tate, David F. Patel, Pragna Carpenter, Charles C. J. Patty, David Brooks, John T. Clifford, David B. TI Performances on the CogState and Standard Neuropsychological Batteries Among HIV Patients Without Dementia SO AIDS AND BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article DE HIV infection; neurocognitive function; HIV-associated dementia; CogState; SUN study ID CENTRAL-NERVOUS-SYSTEM; SERIAL-ADDITION TASK; NEUROCOGNITIVE DISORDERS; INFECTION; IMPAIRMENT; ERA; INDIVIDUALS; ETHNICITY; EDUCATION; HAART AB HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders remain prevalent but challenging to diagnose particularly among non-demented individuals. To determine whether a brief computerized battery correlates with formal neurocognitive testing, we identified 46 HIV-infected persons who had undergone both formal neurocognitive testing and a brief computerized battery. Simple detection tests correlated best with formal neuropsychological testing. By multivariable regression model, 53% of the variance in the composite Global Deficit Score was accounted for by elements from the brief computerized tool (P < 0.01). These data confirm previous correlation data with the computerized battery. Using the five significant parameters from the regression model in a Receiver Operating Characteristic curve, 90% of persons were accurately classified as being cognitively impaired or not. The test battery requires additional evaluation, specifically for identifying persons with mild impairment, a state upon which interventions may be effective. C1 [Overton, Edgar Turner; Clifford, David B.] Washington Univ, Sch Med, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. [Kauwe, John S. K.; Patty, David] Brigham Young Univ, Dept Biol, Provo, UT 84602 USA. [Paul, Robert] Univ Missouri, Dept Psychol, St Louis, MO 63121 USA. [Tashima, Karen; Tate, David F.; Carpenter, Charles C. J.] Brown Univ, Sch Med, Providence, RI 02912 USA. [Patel, Pragna; Brooks, John T.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Overton, ET (reprint author), Washington Univ, Sch Med, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. EM toverton@dom.wustl.edu RI Kauwe, John/B-2034-2009 OI Kauwe, John/0000-0001-8641-2468 FU NCRR NIH HHS [M01 RR000036]; NIMH NIH HHS [N01 MH022005]; NINDS NIH HHS [R01 NS032228, U01 NS032228] NR 34 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 4 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1090-7165 J9 AIDS BEHAV JI AIDS Behav. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 15 IS 8 BP 1902 EP 1909 DI 10.1007/s10461-011-0033-9 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences, Biomedical SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Biomedical Social Sciences GA 831MN UT WOS:000295735200032 PM 21877204 ER PT J AU Kuklina, EV Keenan, NL Callaghan, WM Hong, YL AF Kuklina, Elena V. Keenan, Nora L. Callaghan, William M. Hong, Yuling TI Risk of Cardiovascular Mortality in Relation to Optimal Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Combined with Hypertriglyceridemia: Is There a Difference by Gender? SO ANNALS OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Epidemiology; Risk Factors; Lipids; Hyperlipoproteinemia ID CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE; UNITED-STATES; TRIGLYCERIDES; WOMEN; PREECLAMPSIA; PREDICTORS; HISTORY; LIPIDS; TRENDS; INDEX AB PURPOSE: The objectives of the present study were to determine whether an optimal low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) combined with hypertriglyceridemia was associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality and whether these associations differ by gender. METHODS: A cohort of 2903 U.S. adults aged >= 45 years (men) and >= 55years (women) at baseline (1988-1994) was followed through December 2006 for CVD mortality. Baseline data were collected through the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III). The definitions of high LDL-C and high triglycerides (TG) (hypertriglyceridemia) levels were based on the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP ATP III) guidelines. Cox proportional hazard models were used to estimate the hazard ratio (HR) with 95% confidence interval (CI) of death. RESULTS: After adjusting for age, race/ethnicity, and traditional CVD risk factors, the risk of CVD death was approximately two times as high among women with optimal LDL-C/hypertriglyceridemia (2.42, 95% CI = 1.35-4.33) compared to women with optimal LDL-C/normal TG. In contrast, no significant difference was found among men on this comparison. CONCLUSIONS: Judging from this study, hypertriglyceridemia is associated with an increased risk of CVD mortality in women but not in men. The association is independent of abnormal LDL-C effect. Ann Epidemiol 2011;21:807-814. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Kuklina, Elena V.; Keenan, Nora L.; Hong, Yuling] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Heart Dis & Stroke Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Callaghan, William M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Kuklina, EV (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Heart Dis & Stroke Prevent, 4770 Buford Highway NE,Mailstop K-37, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM ekuklina@cdc.gov NR 29 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1047-2797 J9 ANN EPIDEMIOL JI Ann. Epidemiol. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 21 IS 11 BP 807 EP 814 DI 10.1016/j.annepidem.2011.08.004 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 835ZZ UT WOS:000296077100002 PM 21982483 ER PT J AU Werler, MM Ahrens, KA Bosco, JLF Mitchell, AA Anderka, MT Gilboa, SM Holmes, LB AF Werler, Martha M. Ahrens, Katherine A. Bosco, Jaclyn L. F. Mitchell, Allen A. Anderka, Marlene T. Gilboa, Suzanne M. Holmes, Lewis B. CA Natl Birth Defects Prevention TI Use of Antiepileptic Medications in Pregnancy in Relation to Risks of Birth Defects SO ANNALS OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Anti-epileptic drugs; Pregnancy; Birth defects ID MAJOR CONGENITAL-MALFORMATIONS; VALPROIC ACID; SPINA-BIFIDA; UK-EPILEPSY; IN-UTERO; WOMEN; CARBAMAZEPINE; DRUGS; LAMOTRIGINE; MONOTHERAPY AB PURPOSE: To evaluate use of specific antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) in pregnancy in relation to specific birth defects. METHODS: Using data from the National Birth Defects Prevention Study, we assessed use of AEDs and the risk of neural tube defects (NTDs), oral clefts (OCs), heart defects (HDs), hypospadias, and other major birth defects, taking specific agent, timing, and indication into consideration. RESULTS: Drug-specific increased risks were observed for valproic acid in relation to NTDs [adjusted odds ratio (aOR), 9.7;, 95% confidence interval (Cl), 3.4-27.5], OCs (aOR, 4.4; 95% CI, 1.6-12.2), HDs (aOR, 2.0; 95% CI, 0.78-5.3), and hypospadias (aOR. 2.4; 95% CI, 0.62-9.0), and for carbamazapine in relation to NTDs (aOR, 5.0; 95% CI, 1.9-12.7). Epilepsy history without AED use did not seem to increase risk. CONCLUSIONS: Valproic acid, which current guidelines suggest should be avoided in pregnancy, was most notable in terms of strength and breadth of its associations. Carbamazapine was associated with NTDs, even after controlling for folic acid use. Sample sizes were still too small to adequately assess risks of less commonly used AEDs, but our findings support further study to identify lower risk options for pregnant women. Ann Epidemiol 201121:842-850. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Werler, Martha M.; Ahrens, Katherine A.; Mitchell, Allen A.] Boston Univ, Slone Epidemiol Ctr, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Ahrens, Katherine A.; Bosco, Jaclyn L. F.] Boston Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Anderka, Marlene T.] Massachusetts Dept Publ Hlth, Boston, MA USA. [Gilboa, Suzanne M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA USA. [Holmes, Lewis B.] Massachusetts Gen Hosp Children, Boston, MA USA. RP Werler, MM (reprint author), Boston Univ, Slone Epidemiol Ctr, 1010 Commonwealth Ave, Boston, MA 02215 USA. EM werler@bu.edu OI Mitchell, Allen/0000-0003-0950-6799; Werler, Martha/0000-0003-3392-6814 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [U01DD000493] FX Funding came from a cooperative agreement from Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (grant # U01DD000493). NR 44 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1047-2797 J9 ANN EPIDEMIOL JI Ann. Epidemiol. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 21 IS 11 BP 842 EP 850 DI 10.1016/j.annepidem.2011.08.002 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 835ZZ UT WOS:000296077100007 PM 21982488 ER PT J AU Anderson, JL Waters, MA Hein, MJ Schubauer-Berigan, MK Pinkerton, LE AF Anderson, Jeri L. Waters, Martha A. Hein, Misty J. Schubauer-Berigan, Mary K. Pinkerton, Lynne E. TI Assessment of Occupational Cosmic Radiation Exposure of Flight Attendants Using Questionnaire Data SO AVIATION SPACE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE female; radiation dose; effective dose; absorbed dose; CARI-6 ID DOSE CONVERSION COEFFICIENTS; 10 TEV; FLUENCE; AIRCREW; CREWS; MODEL AB ANDERSON JL, WATERS MA, HEIN MJ, SCHUBAUER-BERIGAN MK, PINKERTON LE. Assessment of occupational cosmic radiation exposure of flight attendants using questionnaire data. Aviat Space Environ Med 2011; 82:1049-54. Introduction: Female flight attendants may have a higher risk of breast and other cancers than the general population because of routine exposure to cosmic radiation. As part of a forthcoming study of breast and other cancer incidence, occupational cosmic radiation exposure of a cohort of female flight attendants was estimated. Methods: Questionnaire data were collected from living female cohort members who were formerly employed as flight attendants with Pan American World Airways. These data included airline at which the flight attendant was employed, assigned domicile, start and end dates for employment at domicile, and number of block hours and commuter segments flown per month. Questionnaire respondents were assigned daily absorbed and effective doses using a time-weighted dose rate specific to the domicile and/or work history era combined with self-reported work history information. Results: Completed work history questionnaires were received from 5898 living cohort members. Mean employment time as a flight attendant was 7.4 yr at Pan Am and 12 yr in total. Estimated mean annual effective dose from all sources of occupational cosmic radiation exposure was 2.5 +/- 1.0 mSv, with a mean career dose of 30 mSv. Discussion: Annual effective doses were similar to doses assessed for other flight attendant cohorts; however, questionnaire-based cumulative doses assessed in this study were on average higher than those assessed for other flight attendant cohorts using company-based records. The difference is attributed to the inclusion of dose from work at other airlines and commuter flights, which was made possible by using questionnaire data. C1 [Anderson, Jeri L.; Waters, Martha A.; Hein, Misty J.; Schubauer-Berigan, Mary K.; Pinkerton, Lynne E.] NIOSH, Div Surveillance Hazard Evaluat & Field Studies, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. RP Anderson, JL (reprint author), NIOSH, Div Surveillance Hazard Evaluat & Field Studies, 4676 Columbia Pkwy,MS R-14, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM jlanderson@cdc.gov RI Schubauer-Berigan, Mary/B-3149-2009 OI Schubauer-Berigan, Mary/0000-0002-5175-924X FU National Cancer Institute FX The authors wish to thank Mr. Steve Allee for programming assistance. This study was funded in part through an interagency agreement with the National Cancer Institute. NR 22 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 8 PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 USA SN 0095-6562 J9 AVIAT SPACE ENVIR MD JI Aviat. Space Environ. Med. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 82 IS 11 BP 1049 EP 1054 DI 10.3357/ASEM.3091.2011 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Sport Sciences GA 837DZ UT WOS:000296172600006 PM 22097640 ER PT J AU Kallen, AJ Beekmann, SE Limbago, B Lentnek, AL Polgreen, PM Patel, J Srinivasan, A AF Kallen, Alexander J. Beekmann, Susan E. Limbago, Brandi Lentnek, Arnold L. Polgreen, Philip M. Patel, Jean Srinivasan, Arjun TI Prevalence of beta-lactam nonsusceptible Gram-negative bacilli and use and interpretation of current susceptibility breakpoints: a survey of infectious disease physicians SO DIAGNOSTIC MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASE LA English DT Article DE Gram-negative bacilli; Antimicrobial susceptibility; Antimicrobial resistance ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI; RESISTANT; OUTCOMES AB Beta-lactam-resistant Enterobacteriaceae represent an important public health problem; however, questions exist about their prevalence and the impact of recent breakpoint changes on clinical practice. We surveyed infectious disease physicians to better understand these issues. Many reported encountering resistant Enterobacteriaceae; respondents generally favored a more conservative interpretation of antimicrobial susceptibility results. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Kallen, Alexander J.; Limbago, Brandi; Patel, Jean; Srinivasan, Arjun] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Beekmann, Susan E.; Polgreen, Philip M.] Univ Iowa, Carver Coll Med, Iowa City, IA USA. [Lentnek, Arnold L.] Infect Dis Med Practice New York, New York, NY USA. RP Kallen, AJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM AKallen@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [U50 CCU112346] FX This publication was supported in part by Grant/Cooperative Agreement Number U50 CCU112346 from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 10 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0732-8893 J9 DIAGN MICR INFEC DIS JI Diagn. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 71 IS 3 BP 316 EP 319 DI 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2011.07.013 PG 4 WC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 836PQ UT WOS:000296124000024 PM 21899980 ER PT J AU Broor, S Gupta, S Mohapatra, S Kaushik, S Mir, MA Jain, P Dar, L Lal, RB AF Broor, Shobha Gupta, Swati Mohapatra, Sarita Kaushik, Samander Mir, Muneer A. Jain, Priti Dar, Lalit Lal, Renu B. TI Emergence of 2009A/H1N1 cases in a tertiary care hospital in New Delhi, India SO INFLUENZA AND OTHER RESPIRATORY VIRUSES LA English DT Article DE Emergence; India; New Delhi; pandemic H1N1 ID A H1N1 VIRUS; INFLUENZA-VIRUSES; HUMANS AB Objective To determine virologic and epidemiologic characteristics of pandemic (H1N1) 2009 at All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS) a tertiary care hospital in New Delhi, India. Methods Nasal and throat swabs from patients with febrile acute respiratory illness (FARI) from August to December 2009 (n = 1401) were tested for 2009A/H1N1 and seasonal influenza A viruses by real-time RT-PCR. Results Of 1401 samples tested, 475 (33.9%) were positive for influenza A, of these majority (412; 87%) were 2009A/H1N1, whereas the remaining 63 (13%) were seasonal influenza A (49 were A/H3 and 14 were A/H1). While co-circulation of 2009A/H1N1 and A/H3 was observed in August-September, subsequent months had exclusive pandemic influenza activity (October-December 2009). Pandemic 2009A/H1N1 emergence did not follow typical seasonal influenza seasonality in New Delhi, which normally peaks in July-August, but instead showed bimodal peaks in weeks 39 and 48 in 2009. The percent of specimens testing positive for 2009A/H1N1 influenza virus was found to be highest in >5- to 18-year age group (41.2%; OR = 2.3; CI = 1.6-3.2; P = 0 00). Conclusions Taken together, our data provide high prevalence of pandemic 2009A/H1N1 in urban New Delhi with bimodal peaks in weeks 39 and 48 and highest risk group being the children of school-going age (aged >5-18). C1 [Broor, Shobha; Gupta, Swati; Mohapatra, Sarita; Kaushik, Samander; Mir, Muneer A.; Jain, Priti; Dar, Lalit] All India Inst Med Sci, Dept Microbiol, New Delhi 110029, India. [Lal, Renu B.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Broor, S (reprint author), All India Inst Med Sci, Dept Microbiol, New Delhi 110029, India. EM shobha.broor@gmail.com FU Indian Council of Medical Research; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, USA FX We acknowledge Dr H Kaur for helping in implementation of study and S Dhakad and Y. Singh for technical support. We also acknowledge the partial financial support from Indian Council of Medical Research and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, USA, and CDC reagent program for providing diagnostic kits and positive controls. NR 18 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1750-2640 J9 INFLUENZA OTHER RESP JI Influenza Other Respir. Viruses PD NOV PY 2011 VL 5 IS 6 BP R552 EP R557 DI 10.1111/j.1750-2659.2011.00274.x PG 6 WC Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Infectious Diseases; Virology GA 836BA UT WOS:000296080300023 PM 21816007 ER PT J AU Koul, PA Mir, MA Bali, NK Chawla-Sarkar, M Sarkar, M Kaushik, S Khan, UH Ahmad, F Garten, R Lal, RB Broor, S AF Koul, Parvaiz A. Mir, Muneer A. Bali, Nargis K. Chawla-Sarkar, Mamta Sarkar, Mehuli Kaushik, Samander Khan, U. H. Ahmad, Feroze Garten, Rebecca Lal, Renu B. Broor, Shobha TI Pandemic and seasonal influenza viruses among patients with acute respiratory illness in Kashmir (India) SO INFLUENZA AND OTHER RESPIRATORY VIRUSES LA English DT Article DE HA gene; influenza-like illness; seasonal flu; Swine flu ID SYNCYTIAL VIRUS; UNITED-STATES; EMERGENCE; MORTALITY; HUMANS AB Background With the emergence of pandemic influenza A (2009A/H1N1) virus in India, we sought to determine the prevalence and clinical presentations of seasonal and pandemic influenza viruses among acute respiratory illness (ARI) patients from Srinagar, a temperate climate area in northern India, during the peak winter season. Methods Combined throat and nasal swabs, obtained from 194 (108 male) presenting with ARI from January to March 2010 (Week 53-week 10), were tested by RT-PCR for influenza A and B, including 2009A/H1N1 viruses. HA1 gene of selected 2009A/H1N1-positive samples was sequenced, and phylogenetic analysis was carried out. Results Twenty-one (10.8%, age 15-80 years, median age 40 years) patients tested positive for influenza viruses: 13 (62%) for 2009A/H1N1 virus, 6 (28.5%) for seasonal influenza A (H3N2), and 2 (9.5%) for influenza B. Twelve of the 13 patients with 2009A/H1N1 presented with febrile ARI, and eight had associated comorbidities. All of the patients recovered. Phylogenetic analysis of HA gene (n = 8) revealed that all strains from Srinagar clustered in 2009A/H1N1 clade seven along with the other 2009A/H1N1 strains from India. Amino acid substitutions in the HA protein defining clade seven (P83S, S203T, and I321V) were found in almost all isolates from Srinagar. Conclusions Both seasonal and 2009A/H1N1 viruses appear to be associated with ARI in Srinagar. The 2009A/H1N1 in Srinagar is genetically similar to globally circulating clade 7 strains, with unique signature sequences in the HA gene. Further investigations into ascertain the role of these mutations in possible alteration of the virulence and transmissibility of the virus are needed. C1 [Koul, Parvaiz A.] SheriKashmir Inst Med Sci, Dept Internal & Pulm Med, Srinagar 190011, Jammu & Kashmir, India. [Mir, Muneer A.; Kaushik, Samander; Broor, Shobha] All India Inst Med Sci, New Delhi, India. [Chawla-Sarkar, Mamta; Sarkar, Mehuli] Natl Inst Cholera & Enter Dis, Kolkata, India. [Garten, Rebecca; Lal, Renu B.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Koul, PA (reprint author), SheriKashmir Inst Med Sci, Dept Internal & Pulm Med, Srinagar 190011, Jammu & Kashmir, India. EM parvaizk@gmail.com OI Koul, Parvaiz/0000-0002-1700-9285 NR 29 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1750-2640 EI 1750-2659 J9 INFLUENZA OTHER RESP JI Influenza Other Respir. Viruses PD NOV PY 2011 VL 5 IS 6 BP R521 EP R527 DI 10.1111/j.1750-2659.2011.00261.x PG 7 WC Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Infectious Diseases; Virology GA 836BA UT WOS:000296080300019 PM 21668665 ER PT J AU Van Kerkhove, MD Mounts, AW Mall, S Vandemaele, KAH Chamberland, M dos Santos, T Fitzner, J Widdowson, MA Michalove, J Bresee, J Olsen, SJ Quick, L Baumeister, E Carlino, LO Savy, V Uez, O Owen, R Ghani, F Paterson, B Forde, A Fasce, R Torres, G Andrade, W Bustos, P Mora, J Gonzalez, C Olea, A Sotomayor, V De Ferrari, MN Burgos, A Hunt, D Huang, QS Jennings, LC Macfarlane, M Lopez, LD McArthur, C Cohen, C Archer, B Blumberg, L Cengimbo, A Makunga, C McAnerney, J Msimang, V Naidoo, D Puren, A Schoub, B Thomas, J Venter, M AF Van Kerkhove, Maria D. Mounts, Anthony W. Mall, Sabine Vandemaele, Katelijn A. H. Chamberland, Mary dos Santos, Thais Fitzner, Julia Widdowson, Marc-Alain Michalove, Jennifer Bresee, Joseph Olsen, Sonja J. Quick, Linda Baumeister, Elsa Carlino, Luis O. Savy, Vilma Uez, Osvaldo Owen, Rhonda Ghani, Fatima Paterson, Bev Forde, Andrea Fasce, Rodrigo Torres, Graciela Andrade, Winston Bustos, Patricia Mora, Judith Gonzalez, Claudia Olea, Andrea Sotomayor, Viviana Najera De Ferrari, Manuel Burgos, Alejandra Hunt, Darren Huang, Q. Sue Jennings, Lance C. Macfarlane, Malcolm Lopez, Liza D. McArthur, Colin Cohen, Cheryl Archer, Brett Blumberg, Lucille Cengimbo, Ayanda Makunga, Chuma McAnerney, Jo Msimang, Veerle Naidoo, Dhamari Puren, Adrian Schoub, Barry Thomas, Juno Venter, Marietjie CA WHO So Hemisphere Influenza TI Epidemiologic and virologic assessment of the 2009 influenza A (H1N1) pandemic on selected temperate countries in the Southern Hemisphere: Argentina, Australia, Chile, New Zealand and South Africa SO INFLUENZA AND OTHER RESPIRATORY VIRUSES LA English DT Article DE H1N1; influenza circulation; pandemic; severity; Southern Hemisphere; transmission ID EXTRACORPOREAL MEMBRANE-OXYGENATION; UNITED-STATES; INFECTION; VIRUS; COINFECTION; SECONDARY; FAILURE AB Introduction and Setting Our analysis compares the most comprehensive epidemiologic and virologic surveillance data compiled to date for laboratory-confirmed H1N1pdm patients between 1 April 2009 - 31 January 2010 from five temperate countries in the Southern Hemisphere-Argentina, Australia, Chile, New Zealand, and South Africa. Objective We evaluate transmission dynamics, indicators of severity, and describe the co-circulation of H1N1pdm with seasonal influenza viruses. Results In the five countries, H1N1pdm became the predominant influenza strain within weeks of initial detection. South Africa was unique, first experiencing a seasonal H3N2 wave, followed by a distinct H1N1pdm wave. Compared with the 2007 and 2008 influenza seasons, the peak of influenza-like illness (ILI) activity in four of the five countries was 3-6 times higher with peak ILI consultation rates ranging from 35/1,000 consultations/week in Australia to 275/100,000 population/week in New Zealand. Transmission was similar in all countries with the reproductive rate ranging from 1.2-1.6. The median age of patients in all countries increased with increasing severity of disease, 4-14% of all hospitalized cases required critical care, and 26-68% of fatal patients were reported to have >= 1 chronic medical condition. Compared with seasonal influenza, there was a notable downward shift in age among severe cases with the highest population-based hospitalization rates among children <5 years old. National population-based mortality rates ranged from 0.8-1.5/100,000. Conclusions The difficulty experienced in tracking the progress of the pandemic globally, estimating its severity early on, and comparing information across countries argues for improved routine surveillance and standardization of investigative approaches and data reporting methods. C1 [Van Kerkhove, Maria D.] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, MRC Ctr Outbreak Anal & Modelling, London, England. [Van Kerkhove, Maria D.; Mounts, Anthony W.; Mall, Sabine; Vandemaele, Katelijn A. H.; Chamberland, Mary; dos Santos, Thais; Fitzner, Julia] WHO, Geneva, Switzerland. [Widdowson, Marc-Alain; Michalove, Jennifer; Bresee, Joseph; Olsen, Sonja J.; Quick, Linda] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Baumeister, Elsa; Savy, Vilma] Inst Salud Dr CG Malbran, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Baumeister, Elsa; Savy, Vilma] Inst Nacl Enfermedades Infecciosas, Adm Nacl Labs, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Carlino, Luis O.] Minist Salud Nac, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Uez, Osvaldo] Inst Nacl Epidemiol, Mar Del Plata, Buenos Aires, Argentina. [Owen, Rhonda; Ghani, Fatima; Paterson, Bev] Off Hlth Protect, Dept Hlth & Ageing, Influenza Surveillance Sect, Surveillance Branch, Canberra, ACT, Australia. [Forde, Andrea] Off Hlth Protect, Dept Hlth & Ageing, Woden, ACT, Australia. [Fasce, Rodrigo; Torres, Graciela; Andrade, Winston; Bustos, Patricia; Mora, Judith] Inst Salud Publ Chile, Secc Virus Resp & Exantemat, Subdept Virol Clin, Santiago, Chile. [Hunt, Darren; Macfarlane, Malcolm] New Zealand Minist Hlth, Wellington, New Zealand. [Huang, Q. Sue; Lopez, Liza D.] Inst Environm Sci & Res, WHO Natl Influenza Ctr, Wellington, New Zealand. [Jennings, Lance C.] Univ Otago, Dept Pathol, Christchurch, New Zealand. [McArthur, Colin] Auckland City Hosp, Dept Crit Care Med, Auckland, New Zealand. [Cohen, Cheryl; McAnerney, Jo; Msimang, Veerle] Natl Inst Communicable Dis, Epidemiol & Surveillance Unit, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Archer, Brett; Blumberg, Lucille; Cengimbo, Ayanda; Makunga, Chuma; Schoub, Barry; Thomas, Juno] Natl Inst Communicable Dis, Outbreak Response Unit, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Naidoo, Dhamari; Puren, Adrian; Venter, Marietjie] Natl Inst Communicable Dis, Resp Virus Unit, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Jennings, Lance C.] Univ Otago, Canterbury Hlth Labs, Christchurch, New Zealand. RP Van Kerkhove, MD (reprint author), Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, MRC Ctr Outbreak Anal & Modelling, London, England. EM m.vankerkhove@imperial.ac.uk RI Venter, Marietjie/H-3032-2011; Paterson, Beverley/C-6189-2012; Venter, Marietjie/P-9604-2016; OI Paterson, Beverley/0000-0001-5108-103X; Venter, Marietjie/0000-0003-2696-824X; Widdowson, Marc-Alain/0000-0002-0682-6933 FU Medical Research Council; Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation FX The authors recognize the hard work of all the people who provided care to H1N1pdm patients, provided data and information, and kept the public informed. This includes GPs, nurses and other health care workers, virology laboratories and reference laboratories, and the Ministries of Health in each country. The authors also acknowledge Marthi Nieuwoudt, Cardia Fourie and Amelia Buys for laboratory support at the NICD in South Africa; Drs. Hugo Fernandez, Juan Carlos Bossio, Karina Balbuena and Pablo Orellano from the Ministry of Health in Argentina; and Andrea Pontoriero and Ana Maria Campos from de INEI-ANLIS Dr C. G. Malbran in Argentina. Finally, the authors would also like to thank the Medical Research Council (MVK) and Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation (MVK) for funding. NR 50 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 3 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1750-2640 J9 INFLUENZA OTHER RESP JI Influenza Other Respir. Viruses PD NOV PY 2011 VL 5 IS 6 BP R487 EP R498 DI 10.1111/j.1750-2659.2011.00249.x PG 12 WC Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Infectious Diseases; Virology GA 836BA UT WOS:000296080300015 PM 21668677 ER PT J AU Skenders, G Holtz, TH Riekstina, V Leimane, V AF Skenders, G. Holtz, T. H. Riekstina, V. Leimane, V. TI Implementation of the INNO-LiPA Rif.TB (R) line-probe assay in rapid detection of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in Latvia SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TUBERCULOSIS AND LUNG DISEASE LA English DT Article DE tuberculosis; drug resistance; line-probe assay; rapid detection ID MYCOBACTERIUM-TUBERCULOSIS; RIFAMPIN RESISTANCE; CLINICAL SPECIMENS; DIAGNOSIS; IDENTIFICATION; COUNTRIES; METAANALYSIS; VALIDATION; CULTURE; COST AB SETTING : In Latvia, 11% of tuberculosis (TB) patients have multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB). The INNO-LiPA Rif.TB (R) line-probe assay (LPA) detects rifampin (RMP) resistance and may accelerate the time to effective MDR-TB treatment. OBJECTIVE: To determine the impact of LPA on time to diagnosis, initiation of treatment, sputum culture conversion and treatment outcome. DESIGN: From October 2004 to September 2006, we performed LPA and drug susceptibility testing (DST) using BACTEC and Lowenstein-Jensen (LJ) media among all individuals at risk for MDR-TB compared to a 2003 cohort of 48 MDR-TB patients detected by BACTEC. RESULTS: In a total of 107 sputum smear-positive individuals at risk for MDR-TB, Mycobacterium tuberculosis was isolated from 85; 23 were RMP-resistant on LJ compared to 22 on LPA (96% sensitivity). There was a significant difference in the mean time between specimen collection and LPA result (10.0 days) and BACTEC DST result (17.0 days, P = 0.0005) in the LPA cohort. The LPA cohort achieved culture conversion a median of 105 days after treatment initiation vs. a median of 88.5 days (P = 0.54) in the BACTEC cohort. There was no difference in the proportion achieving culture conversion (P = 0.54) or in treatment outcome (P = 0.65). CONCLUSION: LPA accelerated empiric treatment, but did not reduce the time to culture conversion or improve the rate of culture conversion or treatment outcome. C1 [Leimane, V.] State Agcy Infectol Ctr Latvia, WHO Collaborat Ctr Res & Training Management Mult, Riga, Latvia. [Holtz, T. H.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Skenders, G (reprint author), State Agcy Infectol Ctr Latvia, PO Cekule, LV-2118 Stopinu P, Riga Region, Latvia. EM girts.skenders@lic.gov.lv FU Latvian Ministry of Health FX Funding for this study was provided by the Latvian Ministry of Health. A small amount was contributed by the US Agency for International Development (USAID) to support technical assistance to the project, but USAID had no role in the conduct of the study. NR 26 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 5 PU INT UNION AGAINST TUBERCULOSIS LUNG DISEASE (I U A T L D) PI PARIS PA 68 BOULEVARD SAINT-MICHEL,, 75006 PARIS, FRANCE SN 1027-3719 J9 INT J TUBERC LUNG D JI Int. J. Tuberc. Lung Dis. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 15 IS 11 BP 1546 EP 1552 DI 10.5588/ijtld.11.0067 PG 7 WC Infectious Diseases; Respiratory System SC Infectious Diseases; Respiratory System GA 837ER UT WOS:000296174400024 PM 22008771 ER PT J AU Kurbatova, EV Gammino, VM Bayona, J Becerra, M Danilovitz, M Falzon, D Gelmanova, I Keshavjee, S Leimane, V Mitnick, CD Quelapio, MID Riekstina, V Taylor, A Viiklepp, P Zignol, M Cegielski, JP AF Kurbatova, E. V. Gammino, V. M. Bayona, J. Becerra, M. Danilovitz, M. Falzon, D. Gelmanova, I. Keshavjee, S. Leimane, V. Mitnick, C. D. Quelapio, M. I. D. Riekstina, V. Taylor, A. Viiklepp, P. Zignol, M. Cegielski, J. P. TI Frequency and type of microbiological monitoring of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis treatment SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TUBERCULOSIS AND LUNG DISEASE LA English DT Article DE MDR-TB; monitoring; treatment response; culture conversion AB Monthly culture is usually recommended to monitor treatment of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB). As mycobacterial laboratory capacity is limited in many settings, TB programs need evidence to decide whether monthly cultures are necessary compared to other approaches. We simulated three alternative monitoring strategies (culture every 2 or 3 months, and monthly smears alone) in a cohort of MDR-TB patients in Estonia, Latvia, Philippines, Russia and Peru from 2000 to 2004. This retrospective analysis illustrated that less frequent testing delays confirmation of bacteriological conversion. This would prolong intensive treatment, hospitalization and respiratory isolation, increasing cost and toxicity. After conversion, less frequent testing could delay diagnosis of possible treatment failure. C1 [Kurbatova, E. V.; Gammino, V. M.; Taylor, A.; Cegielski, J. P.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Gelmanova, I.; Mitnick, C. D.] Partners Hlth, Boston, MA USA. [Bayona, J.; Becerra, M.; Keshavjee, S.; Mitnick, C. D.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA USA. [Danilovitz, M.] Univ Tartu, Lung Hosp, EE-50090 Tartu, Estonia. [Falzon, D.; Zignol, M.] WHO, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. [Leimane, V.; Riekstina, V.] Infectol Ctr Latvia, TB & Lung Dis Clin, Riga, Latvia. [Quelapio, M. I. D.] Trop Dis Fdn, Manila, Philippines. [Viiklepp, P.] Natl Inst Hlth Dev, Tallinn, Estonia. RP Kurbatova, EV (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Int Res & Programs Branch, Div TB Eliminat, Mailstop E-10,1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM EKurbatova@cdc.gov FU United States Agency for International Development FX The authors thank J Becerra for helpful discussions on methodological approach to data analysis, S Kammerer for SAS programming expertise and M Chen for statistical advice. This work was supported by the United States Agency for International Development. NR 4 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 3 PU INT UNION AGAINST TUBERCULOSIS LUNG DISEASE (I U A T L D) PI PARIS PA 68 BOULEVARD SAINT-MICHEL,, 75006 PARIS, FRANCE SN 1027-3719 J9 INT J TUBERC LUNG D JI Int. J. Tuberc. Lung Dis. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 15 IS 11 BP 1553 EP 1555 DI 10.5588/ijtld.11.0101 PG 3 WC Infectious Diseases; Respiratory System SC Infectious Diseases; Respiratory System GA 837ER UT WOS:000296174400025 PM 22008772 ER PT J AU Castro, KG Cohn, DL Burman, WJ Reves, RR Iseman, MD AF Castro, Kenneth G. Cohn, David L. Burman, William J. Reves, Randall R. Iseman, Michael D. TI John A. Sbarbaro, 1936-2011 Obituary SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TUBERCULOSIS AND LUNG DISEASE LA English DT Biographical-Item C1 [Castro, Kenneth G.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Cohn, David L.; Burman, William J.; Reves, Randall R.; Iseman, Michael D.] Univ Colorado, Sch Med, Denver, CO USA. [Burman, William J.; Reves, Randall R.] Denver Publ Hlth, Denver Hlth & Hosp, Denver, CO USA. [Iseman, Michael D.] Natl Jewish Hlth, Denver, CO USA. RP Castro, KG (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM kgc1@cdc.gov NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT UNION AGAINST TUBERCULOSIS LUNG DISEASE (I U A T L D) PI PARIS PA 68 BOULEVARD SAINT-MICHEL,, 75006 PARIS, FRANCE SN 1027-3719 J9 INT J TUBERC LUNG D JI Int. J. Tuberc. Lung Dis. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 15 IS 11 BP 1562 EP 1562 DI 10.5588/ijtld.11.0607 PG 1 WC Infectious Diseases; Respiratory System SC Infectious Diseases; Respiratory System GA 837ER UT WOS:000296174400031 ER PT J AU Kalis, MA AF Kalis, Martin A. TI When Every Drop Counts-Drought Guidance for Public Health Professionals SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Environm Hlth Serv Branch, Div Emergency & Environm Hlth Serv, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Kalis, MA (reprint author), Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Environm Hlth Serv Branch, Div Emergency & Environm Hlth Serv, 4770 Buford Highway,NE,MS F-60, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM mkalis@cdc.gov NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATL ENVIRON HEALTH ASSOC PI DENVER PA 720 S COLORADO BLVD SUITE 970, SOUTH TOWER, DENVER, CO 80246 USA SN 0022-0892 J9 J ENVIRON HEALTH JI J. Environ. Health PD NOV PY 2011 VL 74 IS 4 BP 30 EP 31 PG 2 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 838SP UT WOS:000296312800005 PM 22187856 ER PT J AU Balamurugan, A Rees, JR Kosary, C Rim, SH Li, J Stewart, SL AF Balamurugan, Appathurai Rees, Judy R. Kosary, Carol Rim, Sun Hee Li, Jun Stewart, Sherri L. TI Subsequent primary cancers among men and women with in situ and invasive melanoma of the skin SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE melanoma; posttreatment surveillance; screening; subsequent primary cancer; survivors ID CUTANEOUS MALIGNANT-MELANOMA; MULTIPLE PRIMARY MELANOMAS; 2ND PRIMARY CANCERS; FOLLOW-UP; EARLIER DIAGNOSIS; RISK; EXPOSURE; SURVIVORS; SURVEILLANCE; SUN AB Background: An estimated 750,000 melanoma survivors in the United States are at increased risk of subsequent primary cancers. Objective: We sought to assess the risk of developing subsequent primary cancers among people with cutaneous melanoma. Methods: Using 1992 to 2006 data from the National Cancer Institute Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program, 40,881 people with in situ melanoma and 76,041 people with invasive melanoma were followed up (mean of 5.6 years) for the development of subsequent primary cancers. The observed number of subsequent cancers was compared with those expected based on age-/race-/year-/site-specific rates in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results population. Standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) (SIR = observed number/expected number) were considered statistically significant if they differed from 1, with an alpha level of 0.05. Results: After a first primary in situ melanoma, risk was significantly elevated for subsequent invasive melanoma and chronic lymphocytic leukemia among men (SIRs = 8.43 and 1.44, respectively) and women (SIRs = 12.33 and 1.79, respectively). After a first primary invasive melanoma, risk was significantly elevated for subsequent invasive melanoma, thyroid cancer, non-Hodgkin lymphoma, and chronic lymphocytic leukemia among both men (SIRs = 12.50, 2.67, 1.56, and 1.57, respectively) and women (SIRs = 15.67, 1.77, 1.42, and 1.63, respectively). Limitations: Case ascertainment issues particularly affecting in situ melanoma cases could affect results. The role of detection bias in the diagnoses of some subsequent cancers cannot be completely eliminated. Conclusions: The findings of the study should guide the development of strategies such as posttreatment surveillance, screening, and ultraviolet exposure education among melanoma survivors to improve cancer survivorship. (J Am Acaci Dermatol 2011;65:S69-77.) C1 [Balamurugan, Appathurai] Univ Arkansas Med Sci, Dept Family & Prevent Med, Little Rock, AR 72205 USA. [Rees, Judy R.] Dartmouth Coll, Hitchcock Med Ctr, Dartmouth Med Sch,New Hampshire State Canc Regist, Dept Community & Family Med,Biostat & Epidemiol S, Hanover, NH 03756 USA. [Kosary, Carol] NCI, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Rim, Sun Hee; Li, Jun; Stewart, Sherri L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Balamurugan, A (reprint author), Univ Arkansas Med Sci, Dept Family & Prevent Med, 4301 W Markham,Slot 530, Little Rock, AR 72205 USA. EM abalamurugan@uams.edu FU Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) FX Publication of this supplement to the JAAD was supported by the Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). NR 27 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 1 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0190-9622 J9 J AM ACAD DERMATOL JI J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 65 IS 5 SU S BP S69 EP S77 DI 10.1016/j.jaad.2011.04.033 PG 9 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 838DX UT WOS:000296268100009 PM 22018070 ER PT J AU Buller, DB Cokkinides, V Hall, HI Hartman, AM Saraiya, M Miller, E Paddock, L Glanz, K AF Buller, David B. Cokkinides, Vilma Hall, H. Irene Hartman, Anne M. Saraiya, Mona Miller, Eric Paddock, Lisa Glanz, Karen TI Prevalence of sunburn, sun protection, and indoor tanning behaviors among Americans: Review from national surveys and case studies of 3 states SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Review DE adults; Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System; children; Health Information National Trends Survey; indoor tanning; National Health Interview Survey; skin cancer risk; sun protection; sunburn; sunscreen; ultraviolet radiation; Youth Risk Behavior Survey ID HIGH-SCHOOL-STUDENTS; UNITED-STATES; SUNSCREEN USE; SKIN-CANCER; US POPULATION; EXPOSURE; RISK; MELANOMA; ADULTS; ADOLESCENTS AB Background: Exposure to ultraviolet radiation (from solar and nonsolar sources) is a risk factor for skin cancer. Objective: We sought to summarize recent estimates on sunburns, sun-protection behaviors, and indoor tanning available from national and selected statewide behavioral surveys. Methods: Estimates of the prevalence of sunburn, sun-protection behaviors,. and indoor tanning by US adults, adolescents, and children collected in national surveys in 1992, 2004 to 2005, and 2007 to 2009 were identified and extracted from searches of computerized databases (ie, MEDLINE and PsychINFO), reference lists, and survey World Wide Web sites. Sunburn estimates from 3 state Behavioral Risk Factors Surveillance Systems were also analyzed. Results: Latest published estimates (2005) showed that 34.4% of US adults were sunburned in the past year. Incidence of sunburns was highest among men, non-Hispanic whites, young adults, and high-income groups in national surveys. About 3 in 10 adults routinely practiced sun-protection behaviors, and women and. older adults took the most precautions. Among adolescents, 69% were sunburned in the previous summer and less than 40% practiced sun protection. Approximately 60% of parents applied sunscreen and a quarter used shade to protect children. Indoor tanning was prevalent among younger adults and females. Limitations: Limitations include potential recall errors and social desirability in Self-report measures, and lack of current data on children. Conclusion: Many Americans experienced sunburns and a minority engaged in protective behaviors. Females and older adults were most vigilant about sun protection. Substantial proportions of young women and adolescents recently used indoor tanning. Future efforts should promote protective hats, clothing, and shade; motivate males and younger populations to take precautions; and convince women and adolescents to reduce indoor tanning. (J Am Acad Dermatol 2011;65:S114-23.) C1 [Buller, David B.] Klein Buendel Inc, Golden, CO 80439 USA. [Cokkinides, Vilma] Amer Canc Soc, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Hall, H. Irene; Saraiya, Mona] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Hartman, Anne M.] NCI, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Miller, Eric] Texas Dept State Hlth Serv, Austin, TX USA. [Paddock, Lisa] New Jersey State Canc Regist, Trenton, NJ USA. [Glanz, Karen] Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Buller, DB (reprint author), Klein Buendel Inc, 1667 Cole Blvd,Suite 225, Golden, CO 80439 USA. EM dbuller@kleinbuendel.com FU Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) FX Publication of this supplement to the JAAD was supported by the Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). NR 37 TC 95 Z9 96 U1 1 U2 15 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0190-9622 J9 J AM ACAD DERMATOL JI J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 65 IS 5 SU S BP S114 EP S123 DI 10.1016/j.jaad.2011.05.033 PG 10 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 838DX UT WOS:000296268100014 PM 22018060 ER PT J AU Ekwueme, DU Guy, GP Li, CY Rim, SH Parelkar, P Chen, SC AF Ekwueme, Donatus U. Guy, Gery P., Jr. Li, Chunyu Rim, Sun Hee Parelkar, Pratibha Chen, Suephy C. TI The health burden and economic costs of cutaneous melanoma mortality by race/ethnicity United States, 2000 to 2006 SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE cancer; economic cost; melanoma; mortality; productivity loss; race/ethnicity; years of potential life lost ID POTENTIAL LIFE LOST; SKIN-CANCER; PRODUCTIVITY COSTS; RISK; ILLNESS; INTERVENTIONS; ASSOCIATION; DERMATOLOGY; SOCIETY; TRENDS AB Background.. Cutaneous melanoma is the most deadly form of skin cancer with more than 8000 deaths per year in the United States. The health burden and economic costs associated with melanoma mortality by race/ethnicity have not been appropriately addressed. Objective: We sought to quantify the health burden and economic costs associated with melanoma mortality among racial/ethnic groups in the United States. Methods: We used 2000 to 2006 national mortality data and US life tables to estimate the number of deaths, and years of potential life lost (YPLL). Further, we estimated the economic costs of melanoma mortality in terms of productivity losses. All the estimates were stratified by race/ethnicity and sex. Results: From 2000 to 2006, we estimated an increase of 13,349 (8.7%) YPLL because of melanoma mortality compared with a 2.8% increase among all malignant cancers across all race/ethnicity. On average, an individual in the United States loses 20.4 years of potential life during their lifetime as a result of melanoma mortality compared with 16.6 years for all malignant cancers. The estimated annual productivity loss attributed to melanoma mortality was $3.5 billion. Our estimates suggest that an individual who died from melanoma in 2000 through 2006 would lose an average of $413,370 in forgone lifetime earnings. YPLL rates and total productivity losses are much higher among non-Hispanic whites as compared with non-Hispanic blacks and Hispanics. Limitations: The estimated economic costs did not include treatment, morbidity, and intangible costs. Conclusions: We estimated substantial YPLL and productivity losses as a result of melanoma mortality during an individual's lifetime. By examining the burden by race/ethnicity, this study provides useful information to assist policy-makers in making informed resource allocation decisions regarding cutaneous melanoma mortality. (J Am Acad Dermatol 2011;65:S133-43.) C1 [Ekwueme, Donatus U.; Guy, Gery P., Jr.; Li, Chunyu; Rim, Sun Hee] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Parelkar, Pratibha] Univ Texas Houston, Dept Hlth Promot & Behav Sci, Houston, TX USA. [Chen, Suephy C.] Emory Univ, Dept Dermatol, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Chen, Suephy C.] Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Atlanta Dept, Div Dermatol, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Ekwueme, DU (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Highway NE,MS K-55, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM dce3@cdc.gov FU Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) FX Publication of this supplement to the JAAD was supported by the Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). NR 52 TC 43 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 5 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0190-9622 J9 J AM ACAD DERMATOL JI J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 65 IS 5 SU S BP S133 EP S143 DI 10.1016/j.jaad.2011.04.036 PG 11 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 838DX UT WOS:000296268100016 PM 22018062 ER PT J AU Jemal, A Saraiya, M Patel, P Cherala, SS Barnholtz-Sloan, J Kim, J Wiggins, CL Wingo, PA AF Jemal, Ahmedin Saraiya, Mona Patel, Pragna Cherala, Sai S. Barnholtz-Sloan, Jill Kim, Julian Wiggins, Charles L. Wingo, Phyllis A. TI Recent trends in cutaneous melanoma incidence and death rates in the United States, 1992-2006 SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE incidence; melanoma; mortality; SEER (Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results); tumor thickness ID MALIGNANT-MELANOMA; SUN EXPOSURE; SKIN-CANCER; US ADULTS; MORTALITY; PATTERNS; WHITES; RISK; WORKERS; BIOPSY AB Background: Increasing cutaneous melanoma incidence rates in the United States have been attributed to heightened detection of thin (<= 1-mm) lesions. Objective: We sought to describe melanoma incidence and mortality trends in the 12 cancer registries covered by the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results program and to estimate the contribution of thin lesions to melanoma mortality. Methods: We used joinpoint analysis of Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results incidence and mortality data from 1992 to 2006. Results: During 1992 through 2006, melanoma incidence rates among non-Hispanic whites increased for all ages and tumor thicknesses. Death rates increased for older (>65 years) but not younger persons. Between 1998 to 1999 and 2004 to 2005, melanoma death rates associated with thin lesions increased and accounted for about 30% of the total melanoma deaths. Limitations: Availability of long-term incidence data for 14% of the US population was a limitation. Conclusions: The continued increases in melanoma death rates for older persons and for thin lesions suggest that the increases may partly reflect increased ultraviolet radiation exposure. The substantial contribution of thin lesions to melanoma mortality underscores the importance of standard wide excision techniques and the need for molecular characterization of the lesions for aggressive forms. (J Am Acad Dermatol 2011;65:S17-25.) C1 [Jemal, Ahmedin] Amer Canc Soc, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. [Saraiya, Mona] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidemiol & Appl Res Branch, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA USA. [Patel, Pragna] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Wingo, Phyllis A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. [Cherala, Sai S.] New Hampshire Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Off Hlth Stat & Data Management, Div Publ Hlth Serv, Concord, NH 03301 USA. [Barnholtz-Sloan, Jill] Case Western Reserve Univ, Sch Med, Case Comprehens Canc Ctr, Cleveland, OH USA. [Kim, Julian] Univ Hosp Cleveland, Div Surg Oncol, Ireland Canc Ctr, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. [Wiggins, Charles L.] Univ New Mexico, New Mexico Tumor Registry, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. RP Jemal, A (reprint author), Amer Canc Soc, 250 Williams St NW, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. EM ajemal@cancer.org OI Cherala, Sai/0000-0002-3485-574X FU Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) FX Publication of this supplement to the JAAD was supported by the Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). NR 43 TC 118 Z9 120 U1 2 U2 14 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0190-9622 J9 J AM ACAD DERMATOL JI J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 65 IS 5 SU S BP S17 EP S25 DI 10.1016/j.jaad.2011.04.032 PG 9 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 838DX UT WOS:000296268100004 PM 22018063 ER PT J AU Lai, SM King, JB Garimella, S Keighley, J Lewis, M AF Lai, Sue-Min King, Jessica B. Garimella, Sarma Keighley, John Lewis, Mary TI Effect of the staging schema on melanoma cancer reporting, 1999 to 2006 SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE derived summary staging 2000; malignant melanoma; stages at diagnosis; summary staging 1977; summary staging 2000; Surveillance; Epidemiology; End Results historic staging ID AMERICAN JOINT COMMITTEE; CUTANEOUS MELANOMA; SYSTEM AB Background Staging schemas have changed multiple times over the past 10 years. Objective: We sought to examine the impact of staging schemas on the distribution of stages at diagnosis over time. Methods: We examined the stage at diagnosis for melanoma cancer cases diagnosed between 1999 and 2006 using data provided by the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) and National Program of Cancer Registries (NPCR) programs. The staging schemas were summary staging 1977 (SS1977), summary staging 2000 (SS2000), derived SS2000, and SEER historic staging systems. Results: Melanoma was predominantly staged as a localized disease in all schemas. Using SEER data, the proportion of localized melanomas diagnosed in 2001 to 2003 using SS2000 was about 2.5% lower than the proportion diagnosed in 1999 to 2000 using SS1977, whereas the proportion of cases staged as regional was 2.7% higher using the SS2000 than SS1977. The distribution of stages for cases diagnosed in 2001 to 2003 using SS2000 was similar to that for cases diagnosed in 2004 to 2006 using a derived SS2000. Shift in stage distribution among SS1977, SS2000, and SEER historic staging was found to be about 6% (localized to regional) and about 17.5% (unknown to regional stage). The distribution of changes in stage observed for the SEER cases was not evident for cases from NPCR. Limitations: SEER historic staging was not available for NPCR cases. Conclusion: Changes in staging rules resulted in cases being moved from the localized to the regional stage and from unknown to the regional stage. Without staging rules that have been consistently applied to melanomas over many years, surveillance of prevention, treatment, and control of this condition is difficult. J Am Acad Dermatol 2011;65:S95-103.) C1 [Lai, Sue-Min] Univ Kansas, Med Ctr, Dept Prevent Med & Publ Hlth, Kansas Canc Registry, Kansas City, KS 66160 USA. [King, Jessica B.; Lewis, Mary] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Lai, SM (reprint author), Univ Kansas, Med Ctr, Dept Prevent Med & Publ Hlth, Kansas Canc Registry, Mail Stop 1008,3901 Rainbow Blvd, Kansas City, KS 66160 USA. EM slai@kumc.edu FU Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) FX Publication of this supplement to the JAAD was supported by the Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). NR 23 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0190-9622 J9 J AM ACAD DERMATOL JI J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 65 IS 5 SU S BP S95 EP S103 DI 10.1016/j.jaad.2011.04.034 PG 9 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 838DX UT WOS:000296268100012 PM 22018073 ER PT J AU Plescia, M Berman, PP White, MC AF Plescia, Marcus Berman, Pamela Protzel White, Mary C. TI Melanoma surveillance in the United States SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material DE cancer; cancer prevention; epidemiology; introduction; melanoma C1 [Plescia, Marcus; Berman, Pamela Protzel; White, Mary C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Berman, PP (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,MS K52, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM pxp5@cdc.gov RI White, Mary /C-9242-2012 OI White, Mary /0000-0002-9826-3962 NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0190-9622 J9 J AM ACAD DERMATOL JI J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 65 IS 5 SU S BP S1 EP S2 DI 10.1016/j.jaad.2011.05.031 PG 2 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 838DX UT WOS:000296268100001 PM 22018058 ER PT J AU Pollack, LA Li, J Berkowitz, Z Weir, HK Wu, XC Ajani, UA Ekwueme, DU Li, CY Pollack, BP AF Pollack, Lori A. Li, Jun Berkowitz, Zahava Weir, Hannah K. Wu, Xiao-Cheng Ajani, Umed A. Ekwueme, Donatus U. Li, Chunyu Pollack, Brian P. TI Melanoma survival in the United States, 1992 to 2005 SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE anatomic sites; cancer registry; histology; melanoma; survival ID SERVICES TASK-FORCE; LYMPH-NODE BIOPSY; CUTANEOUS MELANOMA; SOCIOECONOMIC-STATUS; MALIGNANT-MELANOMA; SKIN-CANCER; RISK-FACTOR; STAGE; NEVI; ASSOCIATION AB Background: Population-based data on melanoma survival are important for understanding the impact of demographic and clinical factors on prognosis. Objective: We describe melanoma survival by age, sex, race/ethnicity, stage, depth, histology, and site. Methods: Using Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results data, we calculated unadjusted cause-specific survival up to 10 years from diagnosis for 68,495 first primary cases of melanoma diagnosed from 1992 to 2005. Cox multivariate analysis was performed for 5-year survival. Data from 1992 to 2001 were divided into 3 time periods to compare stage distribution and differences in stage-specific 5-year survival over time. Results: Melanomas that had metastasized (distant stage) or were thicker than 4.00 mm had a poor prognosis (5-year survival: 15.7% and 56.6%). The 5-year survival for men was 86.8% and for persons given the diagnosis at age 65 years or older was 83.2%, varying by stage at diagnosis. Scalp/neck melanoma had lower 5-year survival (82.6%) than other anatomic sites; unspecified/overlapping lesions had the least favorable prognosis (41.5%). Nodular and acral lentiginous melanomas had the poorest 5-year survival among histologic subtypes (69.4% and 81.2%, respectively). Survival differences by race/ethnicity were observed in the unadjusted survival, but nonsignificant in the multivariate analysis. Overall 5-year melanoma survival increased from 87.7% to 90.1% for melanomas diagnosed in 1992 through 1995 compared with 1999 through 2001, and this change was not clearly associated with a shift toward localized diagnosis. Limitations: Prognostic factors included in revised melanoma staging guidelines were not available for all study years and were not examined. Conclusions: Poorer survival from melanoma was observed among those given the diagnosis at late stage and older age. Improvements in survival over time have been minimal. Although newly available therapies may impact survival, prevention and early detection are relevant to melanoma-specific survival. (J Am Acad Dermatol 2011;65:S78-86.) C1 [Pollack, Lori A.; Li, Jun; Berkowitz, Zahava; Weir, Hannah K.; Ajani, Umed A.; Ekwueme, Donatus U.; Li, Chunyu] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Wu, Xiao-Cheng] Louisiana State Univ, Hlth Sci Ctr, Sch Publ Hlth, Louisiana Tumor Registry,Epidemiol Program, New Orleans, LA USA. [Pollack, Brian P.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Dermatol, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Pollack, Brian P.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pathol Lab Med, Atlanta, GA USA. [Pollack, Brian P.] Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Atlanta Dept, Decatur, GA 30033 USA. RP Li, J (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,Mailstop K-55, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM ffa2@cdc.gov FU Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) FX Publication of this supplement to the JAAD was supported by the Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). NR 41 TC 64 Z9 65 U1 2 U2 6 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0190-9622 J9 J AM ACAD DERMATOL JI J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 65 IS 5 SU S BP S78 EP S86 DI 10.1016/j.jaad.2011.05.030 PG 9 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 838DX UT WOS:000296268100010 PM 22018071 ER PT J AU Richards, TB Johnson, CJ Tatalovich, Z Cockburn, M Eide, MJ Henry, KA Lai, SM Cherala, SS Huang, YJ Ajani, UA AF Richards, Thomas B. Johnson, Christopher J. Tatalovich, Zaria Cockburn, Myles Eide, Melody J. Henry, Kevin A. Lai, Sue-Min Cherala, Sai S. Huang, Youjie Ajani, Umed A. TI Association between cutaneous melanoma incidence rates among white US residents and county-level estimates of solar ultraviolet exposure SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE dermatology/manpower; incidence; melanoma/epidemiology; population surveillance; registries; skin neoplasms/epidemiology; socioeconomic factors; solar ultraviolet rays/adverse effects ID UNITED-STATES; SKIN-CANCER; LATITUDE; RISK; SURVEILLANCE; RADIATION; PROGNOSIS; NEVI; UVB AB Background. Recent US studies have raised questions as to whether geographic differences in cutaneous melanoma incidence rates are associated with differences in solar ultraviolet (UV) exposure. Objectives: We sought to assess the association of solar UV exposure with melanoma incidence rates among US non-Hispanic whites. Methods: We assessed the association between county-level estimates of average annual solar UV exposure for 1961 to 1990 and county-level melanoma incidence rates during 2004 to 2006. We used Poisson multilevel mixed models to calculate incidence density ratios by cancer stage at diagnosis while controlling for individuals' age and sex and for county-level estimates of solar UV exposure, socioeconomic status, and physician density. Results: Age-adjusted rates of early- and late-stage melanoma were both significantly higher in high solar UV counties than in low solar UV counties. Rates of late-stage melanoma incidence were generally higher among men, but younger women had a higher rate of early-stage melanoma than their male counterparts. Adjusted rates of early-stage melanoma were significantly higher in high solar UV exposure counties among men aged 35 years or older and women aged 65 years or older. Limitations: The relationship between individual-level LTVexposure and risk for melanoma was not evaluated. Conclusions: County-level solar UV exposure was associated with the incidence of early-stage melanoma among older US adults but not among younger US adults. Additional studies are needed to determine whether exposure to artificial sources of UV exposure or other factors might be mitigating the relationship between solar UV exposure and risk for melanoma. (J Am Acad Dermatol 2011;65:S50-7.) C1 [Richards, Thomas B.; Ajani, Umed A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidemiol & Appl Res Branch, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Johnson, Christopher J.] Canc Data Registry Idaho, Boise, ID USA. [Tatalovich, Zaria] NCI, Rockville, MD USA. [Cockburn, Myles] Univ So Calif, Keck Sch Med, Dept Prevent Med, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA. [Eide, Melody J.] Henry Ford Hosp, Dept Dermatol, Detroit, MI 48202 USA. [Eide, Melody J.] Henry Ford Hosp, Dept Publ Hlth Sci, Detroit, MI 48202 USA. [Henry, Kevin A.] Univ Utah, Dept Geog, Salt Lake City, UT USA. [Lai, Sue-Min] Univ Kansas, Med Ctr, Dept Prevent Med & Publ Hlth, Kansas City, KS 66103 USA. [Cherala, Sai S.] New Hampshire Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Concord, NH 03301 USA. [Huang, Youjie] Florida Dept Hlth, Tallahassee, FL USA. RP Richards, TB (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidemiol & Appl Res Branch, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,K-55, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM TRichards@cdc.gov OI Cherala, Sai/0000-0002-3485-574X FU Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC); Dermatology Foundation FX Publication of this supplement to the JAAD was supported by the Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Dr Eide was supported by a Dermatology Foundation Cancer Development Award in Health Care Policy. NR 31 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 11 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0190-9622 J9 J AM ACAD DERMATOL JI J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 65 IS 5 SU S BP S50 EP S57 DI 10.1016/j.jaad.2011.04.035 PG 8 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 838DX UT WOS:000296268100007 PM 22018067 ER PT J AU Singh, SD Ajani, UA Johnson, CJ Roland, KB Eide, M Jemal, A Negoita, S Bayakly, RA Ekwueme, DU AF Singh, Simple D. Ajani, Umed A. Johnson, Christopher J. Roland, Katherine B. Eide, Melody Jemal, Ahmedin Negoita, Serban Bayakly, Rana A. Ekwueme, Donatus U. TI Association of cutaneous melanoma incidence with area-based socioeconomic indicators-United States, 2004-2006 SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE cancer; cancer registry; disparities; melanoma; socioeconomic status ID COLORECTAL-CANCER INCIDENCE; COUNTY-LEVEL POVERTY; HEALTH DISPARITIES; SOCIAL-CLASS; STAGE; DIAGNOSIS; SURVIVAL; US; MORTALITY; IMPACT AB Background: Socioeconomic status (SES) has been associated with melanoma incidence and outcomes. Examination of the relationship between melanoma and SES at the national level in the United States is limited. Expanding knowledge of this association is needed to improve early detection and eliminate disparities. Objective: We sought to provide a detailed description of cutaneous melanoma incidence and stage of disease in relationship to area-based socioeconomic measures including poverty level, education, income, and unemployment in the United States. Methods: Invasive cutaneous melanoma data reported by 44 population-based central cancer registries for 2004 to 2006 were merged with county-level SES estimates from the US Census Bureau. Age-adjusted incidence rates were calculated by gender, race/ethnicity, poverty, education, income, unemployment, and metro/urban/rural status using software. Poisson multilevel mixed models were fitted, and incidence density ratios were calculated by stage for area-based SES measures, controlling for age, gender, and state random effects. Results: Counties with lower poverty, higher education, higher income, and lower unemployment had higher age-adjusted melanoma incidence rates for both early and late stage. In multivariate models, SES effects persisted for early-stage but not late-stage melanoma incidence. Limitations: Individual-level measures of SES were unavailable, and estimates were based on county-level SES measures. Conclusion: Our findings show that melanoma incidence in the United States is associated with aggregate county-level measures of high SES. Analyses using finer-level SES measures, such as individual or census tract level, are needed to provide more precise estimates of these associations. (J Am Acad Dermatol 2011;65:S58-68.) C1 [Singh, Simple D.; Ajani, Umed A.; Roland, Katherine B.; Ekwueme, Donatus U.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Johnson, Christopher J.] Canc Data Registry Idaho, Boise, ID USA. [Eide, Melody] Henry Ford Hosp, Dept Dermatol, Detroit, MI 48202 USA. [Eide, Melody] Henry Ford Hosp, Dept Publ Hlth Sci, Detroit, MI 48202 USA. [Jemal, Ahmedin] Amer Canc Soc, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Negoita, Serban] WESTAT Corp, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. RP Singh, SD (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,MS K-53, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM sdsingh@cdc.gov FU Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC); Dermatology Foundation FX Publication of this supplement to the JAAD was supported by the Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Dr Eide was supported by a Dermatology Foundation Career Development Award in Health Care Policy. NR 54 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 1 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0190-9622 J9 J AM ACAD DERMATOL JI J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 65 IS 5 SU S BP S58 EP S68 DI 10.1016/j.jaad.2011.05.035 PG 11 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 838DX UT WOS:000296268100008 PM 22018068 ER PT J AU Townsend, JS Pinkerton, B McKenna, SA Higgins, SM Tai, E Steele, CB Derrick, SR Brown, C AF Townsend, Julie S. Pinkerton, Beth McKenna, Sharon A. Higgins, Sue M. Tai, Eric Steele, C. Brooke Derrick, Susan R. Brown, Christine TI Targeting children through school-based education and policy strategies: Comprehensive cancer control activities in melanoma prevention SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE children; educational interventions; evidence-based practice; melanoma; public health; school-age populations; skin cancer ID SUN SAFETY CURRICULUM; ELEMENTARY-SCHOOLS; SKIN-CANCER; RANDOMIZED-TRIAL; PROTECTION; EXPOSURE; IMPLEMENTATION; INTERVENTIONS AB Background: Primary school-based educational strategies are proven interventions to raise children's awareness and knowledge about sun safety. Objective: We highlight barriers and facilitators to implementing interventions across multiple populations in 3 state comprehensive cancer control programs/partnerships that implemented primary school-based sun-safety educational programs. Methods: Using a case study approach, we collected semistructured program information and evaluation results from New Mexico's Raising Awareness in Youth about Sun Safety Project, the Sun Protection in Florida Project, and the Arizona Sun Wise Program. Results: Each program used different strategies for implementing school-based educational programs in their respective state based on local needs, funding constraints, and unique characteristics of their populations. Barriers to implementation included difficulties reaching schools and school administrators and changes in staff workload. Facilitators to implementation included using innovative recruitment approaches (mini grants, school assemblies), having community partners, reaching out to educators in various settings, and having program advocates within schools. Each program placed emphasis on supplementing educational programs with sun-safety policies. Limitations: We only present a case study from 3 comprehensive cancer control programs/partnerships. Rigorous evaluation methods are needed to test the effectiveness of the various strategies that were used to implement these programs on a population-based level. Conclusion: Partnerships and program advocates are important for successfully implementing and sustaining sun-safety programs. Innovative strategies for reaching school administrators are likely needed to effectively implement sun-safety programs and policies. School policy and environmental change are important and valued components of sun-safety programs. (J Am Acad Dermatol 2011;65:S104-13.) C1 [Townsend, Julie S.; Tai, Eric; Steele, C. Brooke; Derrick, Susan R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Pinkerton, Beth; Brown, Christine] New Mexico Dept Hlth, Chron Dis Prevent & Control Bur, Publ Hlth Div, Comprehens Canc Program, Albuquerque, NM USA. [McKenna, Sharon A.] Arizona Dept Hlth Serv, Div Publ Hlth Serv, Off Childrens Environm Hlth, Phoenix, AZ 85007 USA. [Higgins, Sue M.] Florida Dept Hlth, Bur Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Comprehens Canc Control Program, Tallahassee, FL USA. RP Townsend, JS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,MS K57, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM jtownsend@cdc.gov FU Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC); CDC [DP07-703 U58/DP000844, DP07-703 U58/DP000806]; CDC Preventive Health and Health Services; State of New Mexico general funds FX Publication of this supplement to the JAAD was supported by the Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). This study was supported by CDC Cooperative Agreements DP07-703 U58/DP000844 and DP07-703 U58/DP000806; CDC Preventive Health and Health Services Block Grant; and State of New Mexico general funds. NR 39 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 10 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0190-9622 J9 J AM ACAD DERMATOL JI J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 65 IS 5 SU S BP S104 EP S113 DI 10.1016/j.jaad.2011.05.036 PG 10 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 838DX UT WOS:000296268100013 PM 22018059 ER PT J AU Watson, M Johnson, CJ Chen, VW Thomas, CC Weir, HK Sherman, R Cockburn, M Jackson-Thompson, J Saraiya, M AF Watson, Meg Johnson, Christopher J. Chen, Vivien W. Thomas, Cheryll C. Weir, Hannah K. Sherman, Recinda Cockburn, Myles Jackson-Thompson, Jeannette Saraiya, Mona TI Melanoma surveillance in the United States: Overview of methods SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE cancer; epidemiology; melanoma; methods; public health; surveillance ID CUTANEOUS MELANOMA; CANCER REGISTRIES; NATIONAL PROGRAM; EPIDEMIOLOGY; TRENDS AB Background: Skin cancer is the most common form of cancer in the United States. Melanoma skin cancer is particularly deadly; more than 8000 US residents die from it each year. Although recent reports suggest that melanoma incidence rates have been increasing, these apparent increases could be caused by an increase in reporting and/or screening, and by an actual increase in the occurrence of melanoma. Objective: In this report, we describe methods used in this supplement to assess the current burden of melanoma in the United States using data from two federal cancer surveillance programs: the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) National Program of Cancer Registries and the National Cancer Institute (NCI) Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results program. We also provide basic descriptive epidemiologic data about melanoma in the United States. Methods: Cancer incidence data from population-based cancer registries that participate in the CDC National Program of Cancer Registries and/or the NCI Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program covering 78% of the US population for 2004 to 2006 were used. Results: Over 45 thousand melanomas were diagnosed annually, with a rate of 19 cases per 100,000 persons. Limitations: Melanoma rates may vary because of differences in reporting, diagnosis, and screening. Conclusion: To our knowledge, the articles in this supplement constitute the first comprehensive examination of the overall burden of melanoma in the United States based on data from a majority of the US population. (J Am Acad Dermatol 2011;65:S6-16.) C1 [Watson, Meg; Thomas, Cheryll C.; Weir, Hannah K.; Saraiya, Mona] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Johnson, Christopher J.] Canc Data Registry Idaho, Boise, ID USA. [Chen, Vivien W.] Louisiana Tumor Registry, New Orleans, LA USA. [Sherman, Recinda] Florida State Canc Registry, Miami, FL USA. [Cockburn, Myles] Univ So Calif, Keck Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA. [Jackson-Thompson, Jeannette] Missouri Canc Registry, Columbia, MO USA. [Jackson-Thompson, Jeannette] Univ Missouri, Dept Hlth Management & Informat, Columbia, MO USA. RP Watson, M (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, 4770 Buford Hwy,MS K55, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM MWatson2@cdc.gov FU Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) FX Publication of this supplement to the JAAD was supported by the Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). NR 51 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 3 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0190-9622 J9 J AM ACAD DERMATOL JI J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 65 IS 5 SU S BP S6 EP S16 DI 10.1016/j.jaad.2011.04.037 PG 11 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 838DX UT WOS:000296268100003 PM 22018069 ER PT J AU Weir, HK Marrett, LD Cokkinides, V Barnholtz-Sloan, J Patel, P Tai, E Jemal, A Li, J Kim, J Ekwueme, DU AF Weir, Hannah K. Marrett, Loraine D. Cokkinides, Vilma Barnholtz-Sloan, Jill Patel, Pragna Tai, Eric Jemal, Ahmedin Li, Jun Kim, Julian Ekwueme, Donatus U. TI Melanoma in adolescents and young adults (ages 15-39 years): United States, 1999-2006 SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE adolescents; cancer; incidence; melanoma; National Program of Cancer Registries; surveillance; Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results; young adults ID CUTANEOUS MALIGNANT-MELANOMA; RECENT TRENDS; SUN EXPOSURE; CANCER; RISK; US; WOMEN; SUNSCREEN; RATES; SKIN AB Background: Invasive melanoma of the skin is the third most common cancer diagnosed among adolescents and young adults (aged 15-39 years) in the United States. Understanding the burden of melanoma in this age group is important to identifying areas for etiologic research and in developing effective prevention approaches aimed at reducing melanoma risk. Methods: Melanoma incidence data reported from 38 National Program of Cancer Registries and/or Surveillance Epidemiology and End Results statewide cancer registries covering nearly 67.2% of the US population were used to estimate age-adjusted incidence rates for persons 15-39 years of age. Incidence rate ratios were calculated to compare rates between demographic groups. Results: Melanoma incidence was higher among females (age-adjusted incidence rates = 9.74; 95% confidence interval 9.62-9.86) compared with males (age-adjusted incidence rates = 5.77; 95% confidence interval 5.68-5.86), increased with age, and was higher in non-Hispanic white compared with Hispanic white and black, American Indians/Alaskan Natives, and Asian and Pacific Islanders populations. Melanoma incidence rates increased with year of diagnosis in females but not males. The majority of melanomas were diagnosed on the trunk in all racial and ethnic groups among males but only in non-Hispanic whites among females. Most melanomas were diagnosed at localized stage, and among those melanomas with known histology, the majority were superficial spreading. Limitations: Accuracy of melanoma cases reporting was limited because of some incompleteness (delayed reporting) or nonspecific reporting including large proportion of unspecified histology. Conclusions: Differences in incidence rates by anatomic site, histology, and stage among adolescents and young adults by race, ethnicity, and sex suggest that both host characteristics and behaviors influence risk. These data suggest areas for etiologic research around gene-environment interactions and the need for targeted cancer control activities specific to adolescents and young adult populations. (J Am Acad Dermatol 2011;65:S38-49.) C1 [Weir, Hannah K.; Tai, Eric; Li, Jun; Ekwueme, Donatus U.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Patel, Pragna] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV Hepatitis Sexually Transmitted Dis &, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Marrett, Loraine D.] Canc Care Ontario, Populat Studies & Surveillance, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Barnholtz-Sloan, Jill] Case Western Reserve Univ, Sch Med, Case Comprehens Canc Ctr, Cleveland, OH USA. [Cokkinides, Vilma; Jemal, Ahmedin] Amer Canc Soc, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Kim, Julian] Univ Hosp Cleveland, Dept Surg, Case Med Ctr, Div Surg Oncol, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. RP Weir, HK (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Hwy,MS K55, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM hbw4@cdc.gov FU Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) FX Publication of this supplement to the JAAD was supported by the Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). NR 63 TC 41 Z9 44 U1 1 U2 10 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0190-9622 J9 J AM ACAD DERMATOL JI J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 65 IS 5 SU S BP S38 EP S49 DI 10.1016/j.jaad.2011.04.038 PG 12 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 838DX UT WOS:000296268100006 PM 22018066 ER PT J AU Wu, XC Eide, MJ King, J Saraiya, M Huang, YJ Wiggins, C Barnholtz-Sloan, JS Martin, N Cokkinides, V Miller, J Patel, P Ekwueme, DU Kim, J AF Wu, Xiao-Cheng Eide, Melody J. King, Jessica Saraiya, Mona Huang, Youjie Wiggins, Charles Barnholtz-Sloan, Jill S. Martin, Nicolle Cokkinides, Vilma Miller, Jacqueline Patel, Pragna Ekwueme, Donatus U. Kim, Julian TI Racial and ethnic variations in incidence and survival of cutaneous melanoma in the United States, 1999-2006 SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE anatomic sites; cancer registry; histology; incidence; melanoma; race and ethnicity; survival ID RISK-FACTORS; MALIGNANT-MELANOMA; FEATURING CANCER; SUN EXPOSURE; BLACKS; WOMEN; POPULATIONS; HISPANICS; DIAGNOSIS; WHITES AB Background: Most melanoma studies use data from the National Cancer Institute Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program or individual cancer registries. Small numbers of melanoma cases have limited in-depth analyses for all racial and ethnic groups. Objective: We sought to describe racial and ethnic variations in melanoma incidence and survival. Methods: Incidence for invasive melanoma and 5-year melanoma-specific survival were calculated for whites, blacks: American Indians/Alaskan Natives, Asians/Pacific Islanders (API), and Hispanics using data from 38 population-based cancer registries. Results: Incidence rates of melanoma were significantly higher for females than males among whites and Hispanics under 50 years of age and APIs under 40 years of age. White and black patients were older (median age: 59-63 years) compared with Hispanics, American Indians/Alaskan Natives, and API (median age: 52-56 years). The most common histologic type was acral lentiginous melanoma among blacks and superficial spreading melanoma among all other racial and ethnic groups. Hispanics had the highest incidence rate of acral lentiginous melanoma, significantly higher than whites and API. Nonwhites were more likely to have advanced and thicker melanomas at diagnosis and lower melanoma-specific survival compared with whites. Limitations: Over 50% of melanoma cases did not have specified histology. The numbers of nonwhite patients were still relatively small despite broad population coverage (67% of United States). Conclusions: Racial and ethnic differences in age at melanoma diagnosis, anatomic sites, and histologic types suggest variations in etiologic pathways. The high percentages of advanced and thicker melanomas among nonwhites highlight the need to improve melanoma awareness for all race and ethnicity in the United States. (J Am Acad Dermatol 2011;65:S26-37.) C1 [Wu, Xiao-Cheng] Louisiana State Univ, Hlth Sci Ctr, Sch Publ Hlth, Louisiana Tumor Registry,Epidemiol Program, New Orleans, LA USA. [Eide, Melody J.] Henry Ford Hosp, Dept Dermatol, Detroit, MI 48202 USA. [Eide, Melody J.] Henry Ford Hosp, Dept Biostat & Res Epidemiol, Detroit, MI 48202 USA. [King, Jessica; Saraiya, Mona; Miller, Jacqueline; Ekwueme, Donatus U.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA USA. [Patel, Pragna] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Huang, Youjie] Florida Dept Hlth, Bur Epidemiol, Tallahassee, FL USA. [Wiggins, Charles] Univ New Mexico, New Mexico Tumor Registry, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Barnholtz-Sloan, Jill S.] Case Western Reserve Univ, Sch Med, Case Comprehens Canc Ctr, Cleveland, OH USA. [Martin, Nicolle] Morehouse Sch Med, Dept Community Hlth & Prevent Med, Atlanta, GA 30310 USA. [Cokkinides, Vilma] Amer Canc Soc, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Kim, Julian] Univ Hosp Cleveland, Dept Surg, Case Med Ctr, Div Surg Oncol, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. RP Wu, XC (reprint author), 1615 Poydras St,Suite 1400, New Orleans, LA 70112 USA. EM xwu@lsuhsc.edu FU Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC); National Institutes of Health [K23 CA109115-01A3] FX Publication of this supplement to the JAAD was supported by the Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Dr Kim was supported by National Institutes of Health K23 CA109115-01A3. NR 47 TC 67 Z9 68 U1 1 U2 8 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0190-9622 J9 J AM ACAD DERMATOL JI J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 65 IS 5 SU S BP S26 EP S37 DI 10.1016/j.jaad.2011.05.034 PG 12 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 838DX UT WOS:000296268100005 PM 22018064 ER PT J AU Mistry, N Inoue, H Jamshidi, F Storm, RJ Oberste, MS Arnberg, N AF Mistry, Nitesh Inoue, Hirotoshi Jamshidi, Fariba Storm, Rickard J. Oberste, M. Steven Arnberg, Niklas TI Coxsackievirus A24 Variant Uses Sialic Acid-Containing O-Linked Glycoconjugates as Cellular Receptors on Human Ocular Cells SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID ACUTE HEMORRHAGIC CONJUNCTIVITIS; DECAY-ACCELERATING FACTOR; SELECTIN GLYCOPROTEIN LIGAND-1; NEWCASTLE-DISEASE VIRUS; HERPES-SIMPLEX-VIRUS; MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION; GLUCOSYLCERAMIDE SYNTHASE; ADENOVIRUS RECEPTOR; AVIAN INFLUENZA; ENTEROVIRUS 71 AB Coxsackievirus A24 variant (CVA24v) is a main causative agent of acute hemorrhagic conjunctivitis (AHC), which is a highly contagious eye infection. Previously it has been suggested that CVA24v uses sialic acid-containing glycoconjugates as attachment receptors on corneal cells, but the nature of these receptors is poorly described. Here, we set out to characterize and identify the cellular components serving as receptors for CVA24v. Binding and infection experiments using corneal cells treated with deglycosylating enzymes or metabolic inhibitors of de novo glycosylation suggested that the receptor(s) used by CVA24v are constituted by sialylated O-linked glycans that are linked to one or more cell surface proteins but not to lipids. CVA24v bound better to mouse L929 cells overexpressing human P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1 (PSGL-1) than to mock-transfected cells, suggesting that PSGL-1 is a candidate receptor for CVA24v. Finally, binding competition experiments using a library of mono- and oligosaccharides mimicking known PSGL-1 glycans suggested that CVA24v binds to Neu5Ac alpha 2,3Gal disaccharides (Neu5Ac is N-acetylneuraminic acid). These results provide further insights into the early steps of the CVA24v life cycle. C1 [Mistry, Nitesh; Inoue, Hirotoshi; Jamshidi, Fariba; Storm, Rickard J.; Arnberg, Niklas] Umea Univ, Div Virol, Dept Clin Microbiol, SE-90185 Umea, Sweden. [Arnberg, Niklas] Umea Univ, Lab Mol Infect Med Sweden MIMS, SE-90185 Umea, Sweden. [Oberste, M. Steven] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Mistry, N (reprint author), Umea Univ, Div Virol, Dept Clin Microbiol, SE-90185 Umea, Sweden. EM nitesh.mistry@climi.umu.se RI Arnberg, Niklas/G-2663-2012 FU Swedish Research Council [2007-3402]; Swedish Foundation for Strategic Research [F06-0011]; Kempe foundation [SMK-2752] FX This work was supported by a grant from the Swedish Research Council (grant no. 2007-3402), the Swedish Foundation for Strategic Research (grant no. F06-0011), and the Kempe foundation (to MIMS; grant no. SMK-2752). NR 80 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0022-538X J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 85 IS 21 BP 11283 EP 11290 DI 10.1128/JVI.05597-11 PG 8 WC Virology SC Virology GA 837ZL UT WOS:000296254400034 PM 21880775 ER PT J AU Kreiss, K AF Kreiss, Kathleen TI Beryllium: a paradigm for occupational lung disease and its prevention SO OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material ID SENSITIZATION; FACILITY; PROGRAM; WORKERS; RISK C1 NIOSH, Div Resp Dis Studies, CDC, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. RP Kreiss, K (reprint author), NIOSH, Div Resp Dis Studies, CDC, 1095 Willowdale Rd,H-2800, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM kxk2@cdc.gov NR 12 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU B M J PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 1351-0711 J9 OCCUP ENVIRON MED JI Occup. Environ. Med. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 68 IS 11 BP 787 EP 788 DI 10.1136/oemed-2011-100233 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 834AM UT WOS:000295929100001 PM 21984591 ER PT J AU Payakachat, N Tilford, JM Brouwer, WBF van Exel, NJ Grosse, SD AF Payakachat, Nalin Tilford, J. Mick Brouwer, Werner B. F. van Exel, N. Job Grosse, Scott D. TI Measuring health and well-being effects in family caregivers of children with craniofacial malformations SO QUALITY OF LIFE RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Caregivers; Children with craniofacial malformations; Preference-weighted scores; Quality of life; Well-being effects ID QUALITY-OF-LIFE; PREFERENCE-BASED MEASURE; WILLINGNESS-TO-PAY; OROFACIAL CLEFTS; INFORMAL CAREGIVERS; STROKE PATIENTS; BIRTH-DEFECTS; CARE USE; BURDEN; STATES AB This research explores the sensitivity of three generic instruments for preference-weighting health states of family caregivers of children with craniofacial malformations (CFM). We also examine the construct validity of the new CarerQol instrument measuring caregiver burden and general quality of life. Caregivers of children born with CFM were identified through the Arkansas Reproductive Health Monitoring System. A mailed survey included the HUI3, the SF-6D, the QWB-SA to measure health-related quality of life; the CES-D measuring depressive symptoms as well as the SRB scale, and the CarerQol. The HUI3, the SF-6D, and the QWB-SA were examined in relation to the CES-D the SRB, the CarerQol, and each other. A total of 65 (63%) parents of children (a parts per thousand currency sign17 years) responded. The mean SF-6D, HUI3, and QWB-SA scores were 0.81 (SD = 0.13), 0.84 (SD = 0.23), and 0.67 (SD = 0.14), respectively. The mean CES-D score was 13.3 (SD = 13.4) and 28.6% of the sample met a threshold for depressive symptoms (CES-D a parts per thousand yen 16). The mean CarerQol-VAS and SRB scores were 7.5 (SD = 2.3) and 15.1 (SD = 23.5), respectively. The Spearman correlations (rho) of the HUI3 and the SF-6D with the CES-D were similar (-0.81 and -0.76) while the rho was lower (-0.57) for the QWB-SA. Preference-weighted scores of caregivers with CES-D scores a parts per thousand yen 16 differed significantly for both the SF-6D and the HUI3, but not the QWB-SA. All three generic instruments showed moderate to strong relationships with the CarerQol. The HUI3 and SF-6D were more sensitive predictors of depressive symptoms in this caregiver sample than was the QWB-SA. The CarerQol showed good construct validity and may be useful for measuring well-being effects associated with caregiving. C1 [Payakachat, Nalin] Univ Arkansas Med Sci, Dept Pharm Practice, Div Pharmaceut Evaluat & Policy, Little Rock, AR 72205 USA. [Tilford, J. Mick] Univ Arkansas Med Sci, Dept Hlth Policy & Management, Little Rock, AR 72205 USA. [Brouwer, Werner B. F.; van Exel, N. Job] Erasmus Univ, Inst Hlth Policy & Management, Rotterdam, Netherlands. [Grosse, Scott D.] Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Div Blood Disorders, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Payakachat, N (reprint author), Univ Arkansas Med Sci, Dept Pharm Practice, Div Pharmaceut Evaluat & Policy, 4301 W Markham St,522, Little Rock, AR 72205 USA. EM npayakachat@uams.edu RI van Exel, Nicolaas/E-6191-2013 OI van Exel, Nicolaas/0000-0002-4178-1777 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [U50/CCU613236-10] FX Parts of this study have been presented previously at the 16th International Society for Quality of Life Research, the 8th European Conference on Health Economics, and the International Society for Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research 4th Asia-Pacific Conference. This study was supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Grant # U50/CCU613236-10. NR 35 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 4 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0962-9343 J9 QUAL LIFE RES JI Qual. Life Res. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 20 IS 9 BP 1487 EP 1495 DI 10.1007/s11136-011-9870-2 PG 9 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 835DC UT WOS:000296013300016 PM 21347570 ER PT J AU Satterwhite, CL Grier, L Patzer, R Weinstock, H Howards, PP Kleinbaum, D AF Satterwhite, Catherine Lindsey Grier, LaZetta Patzer, Rachel Weinstock, Hillard Howards, Penelope P. Kleinbaum, David TI Chlamydia Positivity Trends Among Women Attending Family Planning Clinics: United States, 2004-2008 SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES LA English DT Article ID SEXUALLY-TRANSMITTED-DISEASES; PREVALENCE; INFECTIONS; TESTS AB Background: Annual chlamydia screening is recommended for all sexually active women aged <25 years. Substantial limitations exist in ascertaining chlamydia trends. Reported case rates have increased likely due to increased screening and improved test technology. Other data suggest that prevalence has decreased. Methods: Data from the Infertility Prevention Project (IPP), a national chlamydia screening program, were used to assess trends in chlamydia positivity from 2004 to 2008 among women aged 15 to 24 years who were tested in family planning clinics reporting data to IPP. Using the clinic as the unit of analysis, a correlated, longitudinal data analysis with a random intercept was conducted among clinics reporting >= 3 years of data during the analysis time-frame. Sensitivity analyses were performed to address the impact of various clinic participation levels in addition to the assessment of various correlation structures. Results: Over 5 million chlamydia tests were reported to IPP family planning clinics from 2004 to 2008. A majority of tests were conducted among white women (clinic-specific mean: 63.2%, interquartile range: 37.6%-91.5%); the clinic-specific mean percent of tests conducted among black women was 17.9% (interquartile range: 0.8%-25.7%). Overall chlamydia positivity from 2004 to 2008 was 7.0%. The odds ratio associated with a single year change (1.00; 95% confidence interval: 0.99, 1.00) suggested that chlamydia positivity did not change from 2004 to 2008, after controlling for clinic-specific population factors (age, race, test usage, and geography). Conclusions: Findings support previous analyses suggesting that chlamydia prevalence is not increasing despite apparent increasing rates based on case reports. C1 [Satterwhite, Catherine Lindsey; Grier, LaZetta; Weinstock, Hillard] CDC, Div STD Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Patzer, Rachel; Howards, Penelope P.; Kleinbaum, David] Emory Univ, Dept Epidemiol, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Satterwhite, CL (reprint author), CDC, Div STD Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mailstop E-02, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM clindsey@cdc.gov FU NIMHD NIH HHS [L60 MD007236] NR 20 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 4 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0148-5717 J9 SEX TRANSM DIS JI Sex. Transm. Dis. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 38 IS 11 BP 989 EP 994 DI 10.1097/OLQ.0b013e318225f7d7 PG 6 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 838GE UT WOS:000296274600001 PM 21992972 ER PT J AU Owusu-Edusei, K Gift, TL Ballard, RC AF Owusu-Edusei, Kwame, Jr. Gift, Thomas L. Ballard, Ronald C. TI Cost-Effectiveness of a Dual Non-Treponemal/Treponemal Syphilis Point-of-Care Test to Prevent Adverse Pregnancy Outcomes in Sub-Saharan Africa SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES LA English DT Article ID PLASMA REAGIN TEST; CONGENITAL-SYPHILIS; MATERNAL SYPHILIS; SOUTH-AFRICA; TANZANIA; ALGORITHMS; NAIROBI; IMPACT; KENYA AB Background: A dual nontreponemal/treponemal point-of-care test (Dual-POC) that simultaneously detects both nontreponemal and treponemal antibodies has been developed and evaluated. In this study, we compare the health and economic outcomes of the new test with existing syphilis tests/testing algorithms in a high prevalence setting. Methods: We used a cohort decision analysis model to examine 4 testing/screening algorithms; the Dual-POC test, the laboratory-based rapid plasma reagin and Treponema pallidum haemagglutination assay (RPR + TPHA) algorithm, an onsite RPR testing, and point-of-care treponemal immunochromatographic strip (ICS) testing. Outcomes included miscarriage, stillbirth, congenital syphilis, low birth weight, and neonatal death. Disability-adjusted life-years were estimated for all health outcomes. The analytic horizon was the life expectancy for the mother and child. Results: For a cohort of 1000 pregnant women in a historically high syphilis prevalence population (10% infected and 15% previously infected), the model predicted a total of 39 adverse pregnancy outcomes if no serologic screening were performed; 13 for the laboratory-based RPR + TPHA; 11 for the on-site RPR strategy; 5 for the Dual-POC strategy; and 2 for the ICS strategy. On the basis of assumption that the cost of ICS and the Dual-POC tests were the same, the ICS strategy was the most cost saving (saved $30,000) followed by the Dual-POC strategy (saved $27,000). Conclusions: The dual-POC test may help save cost in resourcepoor settings where disease prevalence (and loss to follow-up) is high, while substantially reducing overtreatment. C1 [Owusu-Edusei, Kwame, Jr.; Gift, Thomas L.; Ballard, Ronald C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Owusu-Edusei, K (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E-80, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM Kowusuedusei@cdc.gov NR 43 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 5 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0148-5717 J9 SEX TRANSM DIS JI Sex. Transm. Dis. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 38 IS 11 BP 997 EP 1003 DI 10.1097/OLQ.0b013e3182260987 PG 7 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 838GE UT WOS:000296274600003 PM 21992974 ER PT J AU Gottlieb, SL Stoner, BP Zaidi, AA Buckel, C Tran, M Leichliter, JS Berman, SM Markowitz, LE AF Gottlieb, Sami L. Stoner, Bradley P. Zaidi, Akbar A. Buckel, Christina Tran, Molly Leichliter, Jami S. Berman, Stuart M. Markowitz, Lauri E. TI A Prospective Study of the Psychosocial Impact of a Positive Chlamydia trachomatis Laboratory Test SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES LA English DT Article ID INFECTION; HEALTH; RECOMMENDATIONS; POPULATION; ADULTS AB Background: Few data exist on potential harms of chlamydia screening. We assessed the psychosocial impact of receiving a positive Chlamydia trachomatis test result. Methods: We prospectively studied women >= 16 years of age undergoing chlamydia testing in 2 Midwestern family planning clinics. We surveyed women at baseline and about 1 month after receiving test results, using 9 validated psychosocial scales/subscales and chlamydia-specific questions. Changes in scale scores were calculated for each woman. Mean percent changes in scores for chlamydia-positive and -negative women were compared using a t test. Results: We enrolled 1807 women (response rate, 84%). Of the 1688 women with test results, 149 (8.8%) tested positive. At follow-up, chlamydia-positive women (n = 71) had a 75% increase in anxiety about sexual aspects of their life on the Multidimensional Sexual Self-Concept Questionnaire (P < 0.001), significantly greater than the 26% increase among 280 randomly selected chlamydia-negative women (P = 0.02). There were no differences for the other 8 scales/subscales, including general measures of anxiety, depression, and self-esteem. Chlamydia-positive women were more likely than chlamydia-negative women to be "concerned about chlamydia" (80% vs. 40%, P < 0.001) and to report breaking up with a main partner (33% vs. 11%, P < 0.001) at follow-up. Women testing positive reported a range of chlamydia-specific concerns. Conclusions: Chlamydia-positive women had significant increases in anxiety about sex and concern about chlamydia, but did not have marked changes in more general measures of psychosocial well-being about 1 month after diagnosis. Chlamydia diagnoses were associated with some disruption of relationships with main partners. Chlamydia-specific concerns may guide counseling messages to minimize psychosocial impact. C1 [Gottlieb, Sami L.; Zaidi, Akbar A.; Leichliter, Jami S.; Berman, Stuart M.; Markowitz, Lauri E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Stoner, Bradley P.; Buckel, Christina; Tran, Molly] Washington Univ, Dept Anthropol, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. [Stoner, Bradley P.; Buckel, Christina; Tran, Molly] Washington Univ, Div Infect Dis, St Louis, MO USA. RP Markowitz, LE (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS E-02, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM lem2@cdc.gov OI Tran, Molly/0000-0002-1452-381X NR 33 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0148-5717 J9 SEX TRANSM DIS JI Sex. Transm. Dis. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 38 IS 11 BP 1004 EP 1011 DI 10.1097/OLQ.0b013e31822b0bed PG 8 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 838GE UT WOS:000296274600004 PM 21992975 ER PT J AU Mugo, N Dadabhai, SS Bunnell, R Williamson, J Bennett, E Baya, I Akinyi, N Mohamed, I Kaiser, R AF Mugo, Nelly Dadabhai, Sufia S. Bunnell, Rebecca Williamson, John Bennett, Eddas Baya, Isaack Akinyi, Nelly Mohamed, Ibrahim Kaiser, Reinhard TI Prevalence of Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 Infection, Human Immunodeficiency Virus/Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 Coinfection, and Associated Risk Factors in a National, Population-Based Survey in Kenya SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference of the International-AIDS-Society CY JUL, 2009 CL Cape Town, SOUTH AFRICA SP Int AIDS Soc ID GENITAL HERPES; HIV-1 ACQUISITION; DOUBLE-BLIND; HSV-2; WOMEN; MEN; TRANSMISSION; REACTIVATION; SUPPRESSION; EPIDEMICS AB Background: Herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) is a known biologic cofactor for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission and acquisition. The Kenya AIDS Indicator Survey 2007 provided Kenya's first nationally representative estimate of HSV-2 prevalence and risk factors. Methods: KAIS was a household serosurvey among women and men aged 15 to 64 years. The survey included a behavioral interview and serum testing for HSV-2, HIV, and syphilis infections. Results were weighted for sampling design and nonresponse. Results: Of 19,840 eligible individuals, 90% completed an interview and 80% consented to testing. In all, 35% were infected with HSV-2, of which 42% were women and 26% were men. Between 15 and 24 years of age, HSV-2 prevalence increased from 7% to 34% in women and 3% to 14% in men. Among couples, 30% were HSV-2 concordant-positive, 21% were discordant, and 49% were concordant-negative. In all, 81% of HIV-infected persons were coinfected with HSV-2. HIV prevalence was 16% among those with HSV-2 and 2% among those without HSV-2. Women with circumcised partners had an HSV-2 prevalence of 39% compared to 77% of women with uncircumcised partners. Conclusions: One-third of Kenyans were HSV-2 infected. HIV-1 infection, age, female sex, and lack of male circumcision were population-level predictors for HSV-2 infection. Targeted prevention interventions are needed, including an effective vaccine. C1 [Mugo, Nelly] Kenyatta Natl Hosp, Dept Gynaecol, Nairobi, Kenya. [Mugo, Nelly] Univ Washington, Dept Global Hlth, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Dadabhai, Sufia S.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Nairobi, Kenya. [Bunnell, Rebecca; Akinyi, Nelly; Kaiser, Reinhard] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global HIV AIDS, Nairobi, Kenya. [Williamson, John] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Global Hlth, Kisumu, Kenya. [Bennett, Eddas] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global HIV AIDS, Atlanta, GA USA. [Baya, Isaack] Kenya Natl Publ Hlth Lab Serv, Natl HIV Reference Lab, Nairobi, Kenya. [Akinyi, Nelly] Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Nairobi, Kenya. [Mohamed, Ibrahim] Kenya Natl AIDS & STI Control Programme, Nairobi, Kenya. RP Dadabhai, SS (reprint author), 1201 W Mt Royal Ave,529, Baltimore, MD 21217 USA. EM sufiad@gmail.com NR 37 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 7 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0148-5717 J9 SEX TRANSM DIS JI Sex. Transm. Dis. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 38 IS 11 BP 1059 EP 1066 DI 10.1097/OLQ.0b013e31822e60b6 PG 8 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 838GE UT WOS:000296274600014 PM 21992985 ER PT J AU Gift, TL Kissinger, P Mohammed, H Leichliter, JS Hogben, M Golden, MR AF Gift, Thomas L. Kissinger, Patricia Mohammed, Hamish Leichliter, Jami S. Hogben, Matthew Golden, Matthew R. TI The Cost and Cost-Effectiveness of Expedited Partner Therapy Compared With Standard Partner Referral for the Treatment of Chlamydia or Gonorrhea SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES LA English DT Article ID PELVIC-INFLAMMATORY-DISEASE; SEXUALLY-TRANSMITTED-DISEASE; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; UNITED-STATES; TRACHOMATIS INFECTION; WOMEN; INTERVENTIONS; NOTIFICATION; STD; US AB Background: Partner treatment is an important component of sexually transmitted disease control. Several randomized controlled trials have compared expedited partner treatment (EPT) to unassisted standard partner referral (SR). All of these trials found that EPT significantly increased partner treatment over SR, whereas some found that EPT significantly lowered reinfection rates in index patients. Methods: We collected cost data to assess the payer-specific, health care system, and societal-level cost of EPT and SR. We used data on partner treatment and index patient reinfection rates from 2 randomized controlled trials examining EPT and SR for patients diagnosed with chlamydia or gonorrhea. Additional elements were estimated or drawn from the literature. We used a Monte Carlo simulation to assess the impact on cost and effectiveness of varying several variables simultaneously, and calculated threshold values for selected variables at which EPT and SR costs per patient were equal. Results: From a health care system or societal perspective, EPT was less costly and it treated more partners than SR. From the perspective of an individual payer, EPT was less costly than SR if >32% to 37% of male index patients' female partners or >= 29% of female index patients' male partners received care from the same payer. Conclusions: EPT has a lower cost from a societal or health care system perspective than SR and treats more partners. Individual payers may find EPT to be more costly than SR, depending on how many of their patients' partners receive care from the same payer. C1 [Gift, Thomas L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Kissinger, Patricia] Tulane Univ, Sch Publ Hlth & Trop Med, New Orleans, LA USA. [Mohammed, Hamish] Univ Trinidad & Tobago, Trinidad, Trinid & Tobago. [Golden, Matthew R.] Univ Washington, Ctr AIDS & STD, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Golden, Matthew R.] Seattle King Cty Dept Publ Hlth, Seattle, WA USA. RP Gift, TL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM tgift@cdc.gov FU National Institutes of Health [R01AI068107] FX Supported by the National Institutes of Health (Grant Number R01AI068107) (to M.R.G.). NR 41 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 4 U2 9 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0148-5717 J9 SEX TRANSM DIS JI Sex. Transm. Dis. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 38 IS 11 BP 1067 EP 1073 DI 10.1097/OLQ.0b013e31822e9192 PG 7 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 838GE UT WOS:000296274600015 PM 21992986 ER PT J AU Musacchio, E Ramonda, R Perissinotto, E Sartori, L Hirsch, R Punzi, L Zambon, S Corti, MC Baggio, G Manzato, E Doria, A Crepaldi, G AF Musacchio, Estella Ramonda, Roberta Perissinotto, Egle Sartori, Leonardo Hirsch, Rosemarie Punzi, Leonardo Zambon, Sabina Corti, Maria Chiara Baggio, Giovannella Manzato, Enzo Doria, Andrea Crepaldi, Gaetano TI The impact of knee and hip chondrocalcinosis on disability in older people: the ProVA Study from northeastern Italy SO ANNALS OF THE RHEUMATIC DISEASES LA English DT Article ID LOWER-EXTREMITY FUNCTION; PROGETTO VENETO ANZIANI; PHYSICAL PERFORMANCE BATTERY; SUBSEQUENT DISABILITY; MUSCULOSKELETAL PAIN; DEPOSITION DISEASE; NURSING-HOME; OSTEOARTHRITIS; PREVALENCE; ASSOCIATION AB Objectives Chondrocalcinosis is frequently associated with osteoarthritis. The role of osteoarthritis in the onset and progression of disability is well known. The impact of chondrocalcinosis on disability has never been investigated in epidemiological studies. Methods Progetto Veneto Anziani is a survey of 3099 older Italians, focusing on chronic diseases and disability. Assessment was by questionnaires, physical performance tests and clinical evaluations. Chondrocalcinosis was determined by x-ray readings of 1629 consecutive subjects. Knee and hip osteoarthritis severity was evaluated by summing the radiographic features score (RFS) assigned during x-ray reading. Results Subjects with chondrocalcinosis were older and more frequently women (age-adjusted p<0.0001). The gender association disappeared following adjustment for osteoarthritis severity. However, at the knee, the prevalence of osteoarthritis was higher in chondrocalcinosis patients independently of age and sex (age-adjusted p<0.0001). No difference was found between chondrocalcinosis and controls in sociodemographic variables and comorbidity. Knee chondrocalcinosis was strongly associated with clinical features of knee osteoarthritis and with disability assessment parameters in the bivariate analysis. Most associations remained after adjusting for age. After further adjustment for RFS, a significant association remained for knee deformity and pain, the need for a cane, difficulty walking 500 m, using a toilet, shopping and repeatedly rising from a chair. Conclusions Pain and physical function are the outcome measures of choice for assessing disability in osteoarthritis patients. The presence of chondrocalcinosis contributes to both, independently of age and osteoarthritis severity, thus compromising the quality of life and worsening comorbidity. C1 [Musacchio, Estella; Sartori, Leonardo; Zambon, Sabina] Univ Padua, Med Clin 1, Dept Med & Surg Sci, I-35128 Padua, Italy. [Ramonda, Roberta; Punzi, Leonardo; Doria, Andrea] Univ Padua, Rheumatol Unit, Dept Clin & Expt Med, I-35128 Padua, Italy. [Perissinotto, Egle] Univ Padua, Dept Environm Med & Publ Hlth, I-35128 Padua, Italy. [Hirsch, Rosemarie] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. [Corti, Maria Chiara] Azienda ULSS N 16, Padua, Italy. [Baggio, Giovannella] Univ Padua, Clin Geriatr, Dept Med & Surg Sci, I-35128 Padua, Italy. [Ramonda, Roberta] Univ Padua, Rheumatol Unit, Dept Clin & Expt Med, Azienda Osped, I-35128 Padua, Italy. [Manzato, Enzo; Crepaldi, Gaetano] CNR, Aging Branch Natl Council Res, Ist Neurosci, Padua, Italy. RP Ramonda, R (reprint author), Univ Padua, Rheumatol Unit, Dept Clin & Expt Med, Azienda Osped, Via Giustiniani 2, I-35128 Padua, Italy. EM roberta.ramonda@unipd.it OI Musacchio, Estella/0000-0001-9811-9103; PUNZI, LEONARDO/0000-0002-8853-516X FU Fondazione Cassa di Risparmio di Padova e Rovigo FX The ProVA Study was supported by the Fondazione Cassa di Risparmio di Padova e Rovigo. NR 37 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 4 PU B M J PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 0003-4967 J9 ANN RHEUM DIS JI Ann. Rheum. Dis. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 70 IS 11 BP 1937 EP 1943 DI 10.1136/ard.2011.150508 PG 7 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA 827BG UT WOS:000295399700010 PM 21821868 ER PT J AU Pabst, LJ Fiore, AE Cullen, KA AF Pabst, Laura J. Fiore, Anthony E. Cullen, Karen A. TI Completion of the 2-Dose Influenza Vaccine Series Among Children Aged 6 to 59 Months: Immunization Information System Sentinel Sites, 2007-2008 Influenza Season SO CLINICAL PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; COVERAGE C1 [Pabst, Laura J.; Fiore, Anthony E.; Cullen, Karen A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Pabst, LJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E62, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM LPabst@cdc.gov NR 10 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0009-9228 J9 CLIN PEDIATR JI Clin. Pediatr. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 50 IS 11 BP 1068 EP 1070 DI 10.1177/0009922810385928 PG 3 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 835FM UT WOS:000296020900014 PM 21098532 ER PT J AU Humblet, O Williams, PL Korrick, SA Sergeyev, O Emond, C Birnbaum, LS Burns, JS Altshul, L Patterson, DG Turner, WE Lee, MM Revich, B Hauser, R AF Humblet, Olivier Williams, Paige L. Korrick, Susan A. Sergeyev, Oleg Emond, Claude Birnbaum, Linda S. Burns, Jane S. Altshul, Larisa Patterson, Donald G., Jr. Turner, Wayman E. Lee, Mary M. Revich, Boris Hauser, Russ TI Dioxin and Polychlorinated Biphenyl Concentrations in Mother's Serum and the Timing of Pubertal Onset in Sons SO EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID TOXIC EQUIVALENCY FACTORS; SEXUAL-MATURATION; SPERM PRODUCTION; RUSSIAN BOYS; MALE-RAT; EXPOSURE; GROWTH; CHAPAEVSK; WEIGHT; PCBS AB Background: Animal studies have demonstrated that timing of pubertal onset can be altered by prenatal exposure to dioxins or polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), but studies of human populations have been quite limited. Methods: We assessed the association between maternal serum concentrations of dioxins and PCBs and the sons' age of pubertal onset in a prospective cohort of 489 mother-son pairs from Chapaevsk, Russia, a town contaminated with these chemicals during past industrial activity. The boys were recruited at ages 8 to 9 years, and 4 years of annual follow-up data were included in the analysis. Serum samples were collected at enrollment from both mothers and sons for measurement of dioxin and PCB concentrations using high-resolution mass spectrometry. The sons' pubertal onset-defined as pubertal stage 2 or higher for genitalia (G) or pubic hair (P), or testicular volume >3 mL-was assessed annually by the same physician. Results: In multivariate Cox models, elevated maternal serum PCBs were associated with earlier pubertal onset defined by stage G2 or higher (4th quartile hazard ratio = 1.7 [95% confidence interval = 1.1-2.5]), but not for stage P2 or higher or for testicular volume >3 mL. Maternal serum concentrations of dioxin toxic equivalents were not consistently associated with the sons' pubertal onset, although a dose-related delay in pubertal onset (only for G2 or higher) was seen among boys who breast-fed for 6 months or more. Conclusions: Maternal PCB serum concentrations measured 8 or 9 years after sons' births-which may reflect sons' prenatal and early-life exposures-were associated with acceleration in some, but not all, measures of pubertal onset. C1 [Humblet, Olivier; Korrick, Susan A.; Burns, Jane S.; Hauser, Russ] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth, Environm & Occupat Med & Epidemiol Program, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Williams, Paige L.] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Biostat, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Korrick, Susan A.] Brigham & Womens Hosp, Dept Med, Channing Lab, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Korrick, Susan A.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Sergeyev, Oleg] Samara State Med Univ, Dept Phys Educ & Hlth, Samara, Russia. [Sergeyev, Oleg] Chapaevsk Med Assoc, Samara, Russia. [Emond, Claude] Univ Montreal, Fac Med, Dept Environm & Occupat Hlth, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada. [Birnbaum, Linda S.] NCI, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, NIH, Bethesda, MD USA. [Altshul, Larisa] Environm Hlth & Engn Inc, Needham, MA USA. [Patterson, Donald G., Jr.] EnviroSolut Consulting Inc, Jasper, GA USA. [Turner, Wayman E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Lee, Mary M.] Univ Massachusetts, Sch Med, Pediat Endocrinol Div, Dept Pediat & Cell Biol, Worcester, MA USA. [Revich, Boris] Russian Acad Sci, Ctr Demog & Human Ecol, Inst Forecasting, Moscow, Russia. RP Hauser, R (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth, Environm & Occupat Med & Epidemiol Program, 665 Huntington Ave,Bldg I,Room 1405, Boston, MA 02115 USA. EM rhauser@hohp.harvard.edu RI Sergeyev, Oleg/H-8854-2013; OI Sergeyev, Oleg/0000-0002-5745-3348; Lee, Mary/0000-0002-7204-4884 FU U.S. EPA [R82943701]; NIEHS [ES014370, ES00002, 5T32-ES07069-28]; NIEHS/NHGRI [5T32ES016645-02] FX This work was funded by U.S. EPA grant R82943701 and NIEHS grants ES014370, ES00002, and 5T32-ES07069-28. OH was supported by 5T32ES016645-02 from NIEHS/NHGRI. MML is a member of the UMass DERC (DK32520). CE is an International Consultant and the President of BioSimulation Consulting Inc. LA is a consultant for Environmental Health and Engineering, Inc. DGP is a consultant for Axys Analytical Solutions, Fluid Management Systems, Inc., and Exponent Inc. NR 41 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 9 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1044-3983 J9 EPIDEMIOLOGY JI Epidemiology PD NOV PY 2011 VL 22 IS 6 BP 827 EP 835 DI 10.1097/EDE.0b013e318230b0d1 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 829YE UT WOS:000295622000011 PM 21968773 ER PT J AU Miller, CW AF Miller, Charles W. TI COMMUNICATIONS, TERRORISM, AND HOMELAND SECURITY: NEW APPROACHES, PROJECTS, AND INITIATIVES SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Miller, CW (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 4770 Buford Hwy,NE,M-S F58, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM CMiller1@cdc.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 101 IS 5 BP 543 EP 544 DI 10.1097/HP.0b013e318224bade PG 2 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 833LA UT WOS:000295885800010 PM 21979537 ER PT J AU Miller, CW McCurley, MC AF Miller, Charles W. McCurley, M. Carol TI FEDERAL INTERAGENCY COMMUNICATION STRATEGIES FOR ADDRESSING RADIATION EMERGENCIES AND OTHER PUBLIC HEALTH CRISES SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE National Council on Radiation Protection and Measurements; emergencies; radiological; public information; risk communication AB Federal agencies have a variety of roles and responsibilities related to communicating with the public before, during, and after a radiological emergency. To better understand the various efforts currently underway, the Radiation Studies Branch of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention convened a roundtable of representatives from federal agencies with responsibility for communicating with the public about radiation emergencies. Roundtable participants shared valuable information about efforts underway to develop information and messages for a variety of audiences and agreed that continued interagency coordination and dialogue about communication before, during, and after an event are needed. The group suggested several strategies for future collaborative efforts and indicated a desire to continue working together to develop and assess messages for radiological emergency preparedness and response. The group also recommended that more work be done to determine whether messages need to be packaged or tailored for specific special populations and suggested that more research be conducted to answer questions about specific audience/cultural needs around communicating radiation risks. Since this roundtable, attendees have continued to work together to develop and test messages for the public. Health Phys. 101( 5): 559-561; 2011 C1 [Miller, Charles W.; McCurley, M. Carol] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Radiat Studies Branch, Div Environm Hazards & Hlth Effects, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Miller, CW (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Radiat Studies Branch, Div Environm Hazards & Hlth Effects, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, 4770 Buford Highway NE,MS F58, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM cmiller1@cdc.gov NR 5 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 11 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 101 IS 5 BP 559 EP 561 DI 10.1097/HP.0b013e31822552d7 PG 3 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 833LA UT WOS:000295885800013 PM 21979540 ER PT J AU Adjemian, J Farnon, EC Tschioko, F Wamala, JF Byaruhanga, E Bwire, GS Kansiime, E Kagirita, A Ahimbisibwe, S Katunguka, F Jeffs, B Lutwama, JJ Downing, R Tappero, JW Formenty, P Amman, B Manning, C Towner, J Nichol, ST Rollin, PE AF Adjemian, Jennifer Farnon, Eileen C. Tschioko, Florimond Wamala, Joseph F. Byaruhanga, Emmanuel Bwire, Godfrey S. Kansiime, Edgar Kagirita, Atek Ahimbisibwe, Sam Katunguka, F. Jeffs, Ben Lutwama, Julius J. Downing, Robert Tappero, Jordan W. Formenty, Pierre Amman, Brian Manning, Craig Towner, Jonathan Nichol, Stuart T. Rollin, Pierre E. TI Outbreak of Marburg Hemorrhagic Fever Among Miners in Kamwenge and Ibanda Districts, Uganda, 2007 SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID VIRUS AB Marburg hemorrhagic fever was detected among 4 miners in Ibanda District, Uganda, from June through September, 2007. Infection was likely acquired through exposure to bats or bat secretions in a mine in Kamwenge District, Uganda, and possibly human-to-human transmission between some patients. We describe the epidemiologic investigation and the health education response. C1 [Adjemian, Jennifer] NIAID, Lab Clin Infect Dis, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Farnon, Eileen C.; Amman, Brian; Manning, Craig; Towner, Jonathan; Nichol, Stuart T.; Rollin, Pierre E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Viral Special Pathogens Branch, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Tschioko, Florimond] WHO, Reg Off Africa, Brazzaville, Congo. [Wamala, Joseph F.; Bwire, Godfrey S.; Kansiime, Edgar; Kagirita, Atek; Ahimbisibwe, Sam; Katunguka, F.] Minist Hlth, Kampala, Uganda. [Byaruhanga, Emmanuel] Ibanda Hosp, Ibanda, Uganda. [Jeffs, Ben] Med Sans Frontieres, Barcelona, Spain. [Lutwama, Julius J.] Uganda Virus Res Inst, Entebbe, Uganda. [Downing, Robert; Tappero, Jordan W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Entebbe, Uganda. [Formenty, Pierre] WHO, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. RP Adjemian, J (reprint author), NIAID, Lab Clin Infect Dis, NIH, Qrts 15 B-1,8 West Dr,MSC 2665, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM jennifer.adjemian@nih.gov FU Viral Special Pathogens Branch, Division of High-Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia FX This work was supported by the Viral Special Pathogens Branch, Division of High-Consequence Pathogens and Pathology, National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia. NR 12 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 1 U2 12 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD NOV 1 PY 2011 VL 204 SU 3 BP S796 EP S799 DI 10.1093/infdis/jir312 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 834VD UT WOS:000295991400007 PM 21987753 ER PT J AU Gunther, S Feldmann, H Geisbert, TW Hensley, LE Rollin, PE Nichol, ST Stroher, U Artsob, H Peters, CJ Ksiazek, TG Becker, S ter Meulen, J Olschlager, S Schmidt-Chanasit, J Sudeck, H Burchard, GD Schmiedel, S AF Guenther, Stephan Feldmann, Heinz Geisbert, Thomas W. Hensley, Lisa E. Rollin, Pierre E. Nichol, Stuart T. Stroeher, Ute Artsob, Harvey Peters, Clarence J. Ksiazek, Thomas G. Becker, Stephan ter Meulen, Jan Oelschlaeger, Stephan Schmidt-Chanasit, Jonas Sudeck, Hinrich Burchard, Gerd D. Schmiedel, Stefan TI Management of Accidental Exposure to Ebola Virus in the Biosafety Level 4 Laboratory, Hamburg, Germany SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID VESICULAR-STOMATITIS-VIRUS; HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER; NONHUMAN-PRIMATES; POSTEXPOSURE PROTECTION; RISK-FACTORS; INFECTION; TRANSMISSION; INTERFERON; SUDAN; 1-BETA-D-RIBOFURANOSYL-1,2,4-TRIAZOLE-3-CARBOXAMIDE AB A needlestick injury occurred during an animal experiment in the biosafety level 4 laboratory in Hamburg, Germany, in March 2009. The syringe contained Zaire ebolavirus (ZEBOV) mixed with Freund's adjuvant. Neither an approved treatment nor a postexposure prophylaxis (PEP) exists for Ebola hemorrhagic fever. Following a risk-benefit assessment, it was recommended the exposed person take an experimental vaccine that had shown PEP efficacy in ZEBOV-infected nonhuman primates (NHPs) [12]. The vaccine, which had not been used previously in humans, was a live-attenuated recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus (recVSV) expressing the glycoprotein of ZEBOV. A single dose of 5 x 10(7) plaque-forming units was injected 48 hours after the accident. The vaccinee developed fever 12 hours later and recVSV viremia was detectable by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for 2 days. Otherwise, the person remained healthy, and ZEBOV RNA, except for the glycoprotein gene expressed in the vaccine, was never detected in serum and peripheral blood mononuclear cells during the 3-week observation period. C1 [Guenther, Stephan; Oelschlaeger, Stephan; Schmidt-Chanasit, Jonas] Bernhard Nocht Inst Trop Med, Dept Virol, D-20359 Hamburg, Germany. [Feldmann, Heinz] NIAID, Virol Lab, Div Intramural Res, NIH, Hamilton, MT USA. [Geisbert, Thomas W.] Boston Univ, Sch Med, Natl Emerging Infect Dis Labs Inst, Boston, MA 02118 USA. [Hensley, Lisa E.] USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. [Rollin, Pierre E.; Nichol, Stuart T.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Viral Special Pathogens Branch, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, Atlanta, GA USA. [Stroeher, Ute; Artsob, Harvey] Publ Hlth Agcy Canada, Special Pathogens Program, Natl Microbiol Lab, Winnipeg, MB, Canada. [Peters, Clarence J.] Univ Texas Med Branch, Ctr Biodef & Emerging Infect Dis, Galveston, TX USA. [Ksiazek, Thomas G.] Univ Texas Med Branch, Galveston Natl Lab, Dept Pathol, Galveston, TX USA. [Becker, Stephan] Univ Marburg, Inst Virol, D-35032 Marburg, Germany. [ter Meulen, Jan] Merck Res Labs, Vaccine Res, West Point, PA USA. [Sudeck, Hinrich] Bundeswehrkrankenhaus Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany. [Burchard, Gerd D.; Schmiedel, Stefan] Univ Med Ctr Hamburg Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany. RP Gunther, S (reprint author), Bernhard Nocht Inst Trop Med, Dept Virol, Bernhard Nocht Str 74, D-20359 Hamburg, Germany. EM guenther@bni.uni-hamburg.de RI Becker, Stephan/A-1065-2010; OI Becker, Stephan/0000-0002-2794-5659; Schmidt-Chanasit, Jonas/0000-0003-4433-0231 NR 32 TC 71 Z9 75 U1 0 U2 30 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD NOV 1 PY 2011 VL 204 SU 3 BP S785 EP S790 DI 10.1093/infdis/jir298 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 834VD UT WOS:000295991400005 PM 21987751 ER PT J AU MacNeil, A Farnon, EC Morgan, OW Gould, P Boehmer, TK Blaney, DD Wiersma, P Tappero, JW Nichol, ST Ksiazek, TG Rollin, PE AF MacNeil, Adam Farnon, Eileen C. Morgan, Oliver W. Gould, Philip Boehmer, Tegan K. Blaney, David D. Wiersma, Petra Tappero, Jordan W. Nichol, Stuart T. Ksiazek, Thomas G. Rollin, Pierre E. TI Filovirus Outbreak Detection and Surveillance: Lessons From Bundibugyo SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID EBOLA HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER; SANS-FRONTIERES INTERVENTION; RISK-FACTORS; VIRUS TRANSMISSION; MARBURG VIRUS; CONGO; EPIDEMIC; KIKWIT; UGANDA; INFECTION AB The first outbreak of Ebola hemorrhagic fever (EHF) due to Bundibugyo ebolavirus occurred in Uganda from August to December 2007. During outbreak response and assessment, we identified 131 EHF cases (44 suspect, 31 probable, and 56 confirmed). Consistent with previous large filovirus outbreaks, a long temporal lag (approximately 3 months) occurred between initial EHF cases and the subsequent identification of Ebola virus and outbreak response, which allowed for prolonged person-to-person transmission of the virus. Although effective control measures for filovirus outbreaks, such as patient isolation and contact tracing, are well established, our observations from the Bundibugyo EHF outbreak demonstrate the need for improved filovirus surveillance, reporting, and diagnostics, in endemic locations in Africa. C1 [MacNeil, Adam; Farnon, Eileen C.; Nichol, Stuart T.; Ksiazek, Thomas G.; Rollin, Pierre E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Viral Special Pathogens Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [MacNeil, Adam; Morgan, Oliver W.; Gould, Philip; Boehmer, Tegan K.; Blaney, David D.; Wiersma, Petra] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv Program, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Tappero, Jordan W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global Aids Program, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Ksiazek, Thomas G.] UTMB, Dept Pathol, Galveston Natl Lab, Galveston, TX USA. RP MacNeil, A (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Viral Special Pathogens Branch, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS G-14, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM aho3@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX This work was supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 35 TC 24 Z9 28 U1 3 U2 18 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-1899 EI 1537-6613 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD NOV 1 PY 2011 VL 204 SU 3 BP S761 EP S767 DI 10.1093/infdis/jir294 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 834VD UT WOS:000295991400002 PM 21987748 ER PT J AU Marsh, GA Haining, J Robinson, R Foord, A Yamada, M Barr, JA Payne, J White, J Yu, M Bingham, J Rollin, PE Nichol, ST Wang, LF Middleton, D AF Marsh, Glenn A. Haining, Jessica Robinson, Rachel Foord, Adam Yamada, Manabu Barr, Jennifer A. Payne, Jean White, John Yu, Meng Bingham, John Rollin, Pierre E. Nichol, Stuart T. Wang, Lin-Fa Middleton, Deborah TI Ebola Reston Virus Infection of Pigs: Clinical Significance and Transmission Potential SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID MARBURG VIRUS; PHILIPPINES; FILOVIRUS; MONKEYS; HOST; BAT AB In 2008, Reston ebolavirus (REBOV) was isolated from pigs during a disease investigation in the Philippines. Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) and porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV-2) infections were also confirmed in affected herds and the contribution of REBOV to the disease outbreak remains uncertain. We have conducted experimental challenge studies in 5-week-old pigs, with exposure of animals to 10(6) TCID(50) of a 2008 swine isolate of REBOV via either the oronasal or subcutaneous route. Replication of virus in internal organs and viral shedding from the nasopharynx were documented in the absence of clinical signs of disease in infected pigs. These observations confirm not only that asymptomatic infection of pigs with REBOV occurs, but that animals so affected pose a transmission risk to farm, veterinary, and abattoir workers. C1 [Marsh, Glenn A.; Haining, Jessica; Robinson, Rachel; Foord, Adam; Yamada, Manabu; Barr, Jennifer A.; Payne, Jean; White, John; Yu, Meng; Bingham, John; Wang, Lin-Fa; Middleton, Deborah] CSIRO, Australian Anim Hlth Lab, Geelong, Vic, Australia. [Rollin, Pierre E.; Nichol, Stuart T.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Viral Special Pathogens Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Marsh, GA (reprint author), CSIRO Livestock Ind, Australian Anim Hlth Lab, PO Bag 24, Geelong, Vic 3220, Australia. EM glenn.marsh@csiro.au RI Marsh, Glenn/A-5418-2013; White, John/G-8800-2013; Barr, Jennifer/H-9254-2013; Foord, Adam /D-7988-2015 OI Marsh, Glenn/0000-0002-3469-1837; White, John/0000-0003-2112-7185; FU CSIRO FX This work was supported in part by a CSIRO OCE Postdoctoral Award (to G. M.) and a CSIRO CEO Science Leader Award (to L.-F. W). NR 22 TC 41 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 45 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD NOV 1 PY 2011 VL 204 SU 3 BP S804 EP S809 DI 10.1093/infdis/jir300 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 834VD UT WOS:000295991400009 PM 21987755 ER PT J AU Tharp, AT DeGue, S Lang, KR Valle, LA Massetti, G Holt, M Matjasko, J AF Tharp, Andra Teten DeGue, Sarah Lang, Karen Valle, Linda Anne Massetti, Greta Holt, Melissa Matjasko, Jennifer TI Commentary on Foubert, Godin, & Tatum (2010): The Evolution of Sexual Violence Prevention and the Urgency for Effectiveness SO JOURNAL OF INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE LA English DT Article DE sexual violence; prevention; evaluation; effectiveness ID PEER EDUCATION-PROGRAM; BEHAVIORAL INTENT; RAPE; ATTITUDE; VICTIMIZATION; ASSAULT; EMPATHY; MEN AB Foubert, Godin, and Tatum describe qualitative effects among college men of The Men's Program, a one-session sexual violence prevention program. This article and the program it describes are representative of many sexual violence prevention programs that are in practice and provide an opportunity for a brief discussion of the development and evaluation of sexual violence prevention approaches. In this commentary, we will focus on two considerations for an evolving field: the adherence to the principles of prevention and the use of rigorous evaluation methods to demonstrate effectiveness. We argue that the problem of sexual violence has created urgency for effective prevention programs and that scientific and prevention standards provide the best foundation to meet this need. C1 [Tharp, Andra Teten; DeGue, Sarah; Valle, Linda Anne; Massetti, Greta; Holt, Melissa; Matjasko, Jennifer] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Prevent Dev & Evaluat Branch, Div Violence Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Lang, Karen] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Program Disseminat, Div Violence Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Lang, Karen] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Implementat Branch, Div Violence Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Tharp, AT (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Prevent Dev & Evaluat Branch, Div Violence Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, 4770 Buford Hwy MS F-64, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM ateten@cdc.gov NR 24 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 10 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0886-2605 J9 J INTERPERS VIOLENCE JI J. Interpers. Violence PD NOV PY 2011 VL 26 IS 16 BP 3383 EP 3392 DI 10.1177/0886260510393010 PG 10 WC Criminology & Penology; Family Studies; Psychology, Applied SC Criminology & Penology; Family Studies; Psychology GA 831JS UT WOS:000295727200010 PM 21362674 ER PT J AU Lewis, FMT Schillinger, JA Taylor, M Brewer, TH Blank, S Mickey, T Furness, BW Anschuetz, GL Salmon, ME Peterman, TA AF Lewis, Felicia M. T. Schillinger, Julia A. Taylor, Melanie Brewer, Toye H. Blank, Susan Mickey, Tom Furness, Bruce W. Anschuetz, Greta L. Salmon, Melinda E. Peterman, Thomas A. TI Needle in a Haystack: The Yield of Syphilis Outreach Screening at 5 US Sites-2000 to 2007 SO JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH MANAGEMENT AND PRACTICE LA English DT Article DE community outreach; selective screening; syphilis ID SEXUALLY-TRANSMITTED-DISEASES; NEW-YORK-CITY; CONGENITAL-SYPHILIS; COST-EFFECTIVENESS; GONORRHEA; ARRESTEES; SETTINGS; MEN; SEX AB Background: Screening for syphilis has been performed for decades, but it is unclear if the practice yields many cases at acceptable cost, and if so, at which venues. We attempted a retrospective study to determine the costs, yield, and feasibility of analyzing health department-funded syphilis outreach screening in 5 diverse US sites with significant disease burdens. Methods: Data (venue, costs, number of tests, reactive tests, new diagnoses) from 2000 to 2007 were collected for screening efforts funded by public health departments from Philadelphia; New York City; Washington, District of Columbia; Maricopa County, Arizona (Phoenix); and the state of Florida. Crude cost per new case was calculated. Results: Screening was conducted in multiple venues including jails, shelters, clubs, bars, and mobile vans. Over the study period, approximately 926 258 tests were performed and 4671 new syphilis cases were confirmed, of which 225 were primary and secondary, and 688 were early latent or high-titer late latent. Jail intake screening consistently identified the largest numbers of new cases (including 67.6% of early and high-titer late-latent cases) at a cost per case ranging from $144 to $3454. Data quality from other venues varied greatly between sites and was often poor. Conclusions: Though the yield of jail intake screening was good, poor data quality, particularly cost data, precluded accurate cost/yield comparisons at other venues. Few cases of infectious syphilis were identified through outreach screening at any venue. Health departments should routinely collect all cost and testing data for screening efforts so that their yield can be evaluated. C1 [Lewis, Felicia M. T.; Anschuetz, Greta L.; Salmon, Melinda E.] Philadelphia Dept Publ Hlth, Philadelphia, PA 19146 USA. [Lewis, Felicia M. T.; Schillinger, Julia A.; Taylor, Melanie; Brewer, Toye H.; Blank, Susan; Furness, Bruce W.; Peterman, Thomas A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Field Epidemiol Unit, Div STD Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Schillinger, Julia A.; Blank, Susan] New York City Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, New York, NY USA. [Taylor, Melanie; Mickey, Tom] Arizona Dept Hlth Serv, Phoenix, AZ 85007 USA. [Brewer, Toye H.] Florida Dept Hlth, Tallahassee, FL USA. [Furness, Bruce W.] Dist Columbia Dept Hlth, Washington, DC USA. RP Lewis, FMT (reprint author), Philadelphia Dept Publ Hlth, 500 S Broad St, Philadelphia, PA 19146 USA. EM felicia.lewis@phila.gov NR 24 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 5 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1078-4659 J9 J PUBLIC HEALTH MAN JI J. Public Health Manag. Pract. PD NOV-DEC PY 2011 VL 17 IS 6 BP 513 EP 521 DI 10.1097/PHH.0b013e3182113954 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 827BI UT WOS:000295400100007 PM 21964362 ER PT J AU Smith, LR Gibbs, D Wetterhall, S Schnitzer, PG Farris, T Crosby, AE Leeb, RT AF Smith, Lucia Rojas Gibbs, Deborah Wetterhall, Scott Schnitzer, Patricia G. Farris, Tonya Crosby, Alex E. Leeb, Rebecca T. TI Public Health Efforts to Build a Surveillance System for Child Maltreatment Mortality: Lessons Learned for Stakeholder Engagement SO JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH MANAGEMENT AND PRACTICE LA English DT Article DE child abuse; child maltreatment; collaboration; surveillance ID COMMUNITY COALITIONS; PREVENTION; PROMOTION; MISSOURI; STATE AB Context: Reducing the number of largely preventable and tragic deaths due to child maltreatment (CM) requires an understanding of the magnitude of and risk factors for fatal CM and targeted research, policy, and prevention efforts. Public health surveillance offers an opportunity to improve our understanding of the problem of CM. In 2006, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) funded state public health agencies in California, Michigan, and Oregon to implement a model approach for routine and sustainable CM surveillance and evaluated the experience of those efforts. Objective: We describe the experiences of 3 state health agencies in building collaborations and partnerships with multiple stakeholders for CM surveillance. Design: Qualitative, structured key informant interviews were carried out during site visits as part of an evaluation of a CDC-funded project to implement a model approach to CM surveillance. Participants: Key informants included system stakeholders from state health agencies, law enforcement, child protective services, the medical community, and child welfare advocacy groups in the 3 funded states. Results: Factors that facilitated stakeholder engagement for CM surveillance included the following: streamlining and coordinating the work of Child Death Review Teams (CDRTs); demonstrating the value of surveillance to non-public health partners; codifying relationships with participating agencies; and securing the commitment of decision-makers. Legislative mandates were helpful in bringing key stakeholders together, but it was not sufficient to ensure sustained engagement. Conclusions: The engagement process yielded multiple benefits for the stakeholders including a deeper appreciation of the complexity of defining CM; a greater understanding of risk factors for CM; and enhanced guidance for prevention and control efforts. States considering or currently undertaking CM surveillance can glean useful insights from the experiences of these 3 states and apply them to their own efforts to engage stakeholders. C1 [Smith, Lucia Rojas; Farris, Tonya] RTI Int, Washington, DC 20005 USA. [Gibbs, Deborah] RTI Int, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Wetterhall, Scott] RTI Int, Atlanta, GA USA. [Crosby, Alex E.; Leeb, Rebecca T.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Schnitzer, Patricia G.] Univ Missouri, Sinclair Sch Nursing, Columbia, MO USA. RP Smith, LR (reprint author), RTI Int, 701 13th St NW,Suite 750, Washington, DC 20005 USA. EM lucia@rti.org FU PHS HHS [200-2005-F-14668] NR 24 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 6 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1078-4659 J9 J PUBLIC HEALTH MAN JI J. Public Health Manag. Pract. PD NOV-DEC PY 2011 VL 17 IS 6 BP 542 EP 549 DI 10.1097/PHH.0b013e3182126b6b PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 827BI UT WOS:000295400100012 PM 21964367 ER PT J AU Allred, NJ Poehling, KA Szilagyi, PG Zhang, F Edwards, KM Staat, MA Donauer, S Prill, MM Fairbrother, G AF Allred, Norma J. Poehling, Katherine A. Szilagyi, Peter G. Zhang, Fan Edwards, Kathryn M. Staat, Mary Allen Donauer, Stephanie Prill, Mila M. Fairbrother, Gerry TI The Impact of Missed Opportunities on Seasonal Influenza Vaccination Coverage for Healthy Young Children SO JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH MANAGEMENT AND PRACTICE LA English DT Article DE children; influenza; influenza vaccination; missed opportunity; vaccination ID CHRONIC MEDICAL CONDITIONS; PRIMARY-CARE PRACTICES; IMMUNIZATION; ASTHMA; URBAN; PHYSICIAN; VISITS; RATES; AGE AB Objective: To estimate the impact of missed opportunities on influenza vaccination coverage among 6-through 23-month-old children who sought medical care during the 2004-2005 influenza season. Design: Retrospective cohort study. Setting: Fifty-two primary care practice sites located in Rochester, New York, Nashville, Tennessee, and Cincinnati, Ohio. Participants: Children 6 through 23 months of age. Methods/Outcome Measure: Charts were reviewed and data collected on influenza vaccinations, type of health care visit (well child or other), and presence of illness symptoms. Missed opportunity was defined as a practice visit by an eligible child during influenza season, when vaccine was available, but during which the child did not receive an influenza vaccination. Vaccine was assumed to be available between the first and last dates influenza vaccination was recorded at that practice. Each child was classified as fully vaccinated, partially vaccinated, or unvaccinated. Results: Data were analyzed for 1724 children, 6 through 23 months of age. Most children (62.0%) had at least 1 missed opportunity during this period. Among children with any missed opportunities, 12.8% were fully and 29.8% were partially vaccinated. Overall, 33.6% of the missed opportunities occurred during well child visits and 66.4% during other types of visits; 75% occurred when no other vaccines were given. Eliminating all missed opportunities would have increased full vaccination coverage from 30.3% to 49.9%. Conclusions: Missed opportunities for influenza vaccination are frequent. Reducing missed opportunities could significantly increase influenza vaccination rates and should be a goal in each practice. C1 [Allred, Norma J.; Zhang, Fan; Prill, Mila M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Poehling, Katherine A.] Wake Forest Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Winston Salem, NC USA. [Szilagyi, Peter G.] Univ Rochester, Sch Med & Dent, Rochester, NY USA. [Edwards, Kathryn M.] Vanderbilt Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Nashville, TN 37232 USA. [Staat, Mary Allen] Cincinnati Childrens Hosp Med Ctr, Div Infect Dis, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Donauer, Stephanie] Cincinnati Childrens Hosp Med Ctr, Ctr Biostat & Epidemiol, Cincinnati, OH USA. RP Allred, NJ (reprint author), 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS A-19, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM nallred@cdc.gov FU NCRR NIH HHS [M01 RR000095]; NIAID NIH HHS [K23 AI065805] NR 30 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 3 U2 6 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1078-4659 EI 1550-5022 J9 J PUBLIC HEALTH MAN JI J. Public Health Manag. Pract. PD NOV-DEC PY 2011 VL 17 IS 6 BP 560 EP 564 DI 10.1097/PHH.0b013e31821831c3 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 827BI UT WOS:000295400100015 PM 21964369 ER PT J AU Papadouka, V Metroka, A Zucker, JR AF Papadouka, Vikki Metroka, Amy Zucker, Jane R. TI Using an Immunization Information System to Facilitate a Vaccine Recall in New York City, 2007 SO JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH MANAGEMENT AND PRACTICE LA English DT Article DE Haemophilus influenzae b vaccine; Immunization Information System; vaccine recall ID UNITED-STATES; SENTINEL SITES; COVERAGE AB Background: In December 2007, Merck & Co, Inc, initiated a voluntary recall of 10 lots of PedvaxHIB, and 2 lots of COMVAX when the potential of contamination was identified during routine testing of the manufacturing equipment. Merck recommended that providers stop vaccinating children using these vaccine lots. Objective: To describe how the New York City (NYC) Immunization Information System was used in the effort to recall vaccines. Methods: Immediately following Merck's announcement, NYC's Bureau of Immunization used the New York Citywide Immunization Registry (CIR) to (a) fax and e-mail all pediatric facilities a letter informing them of the recall and asking that they immediately remove recalled vaccines from their refrigerators; (b) identify facilities that had used the recalled lots, on the basis of data reported to the CIR, and contact them individually by phone; and (c) monitor the success of the recall by examining the number of recalled doses administered and reported to the CIR before and after the recall. Results: The alert was faxed and e-mailed to 1928 pediatric facilities informing them of the recall. In addition, the Bureau of Immunization identified 105 facilities that had reported doses of vaccine from the recalled lots to the CIR and called to ask them to check their refrigerators for remaining supplies and discontinue use of this vaccine. The number of doses with the affected lot numbers reported to the CIR decreased sharply following CIR recall notification. Furthermore, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and Merck reported the return of nearly 50% of publicly and privately purchased vaccines from the recalled lots that had been distributed to NYC providers. Conclusion: Immunization Information Systems can be effective tools for quickly identifying providers in possession of recalled vaccine lots, particularly when lot numbers are well reported, and for facilitating rapid vaccine recall in support of vaccine safety. C1 [Papadouka, Vikki] New York City Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, Citywide Immunizat Registry, Long Isl City, NY 11101 USA. [Zucker, Jane R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Papadouka, V (reprint author), New York City Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, Citywide Immunizat Registry, 42-09 28th St,CN 21, Long Isl City, NY 11101 USA. EM vpapadou@health.nyc.gov FU NCIRD CDC HHS [H23/IP222539] NR 15 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 4 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1078-4659 J9 J PUBLIC HEALTH MAN JI J. Public Health Manag. Pract. PD NOV-DEC PY 2011 VL 17 IS 6 BP 565 EP 568 DI 10.1097/PHH.0b013e3182214746 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 827BI UT WOS:000295400100016 PM 21964370 ER PT J AU Rochester, P Adams, E Porterfield, DS Holden, D McAleer, K Steele, CB AF Rochester, Phyllis Adams, Elizabeth Porterfield, Deborah S. Holden, Debra McAleer, Kelly Steele, C. Brooke TI Cancer Plan Index: A Measure for Assessing the Quality of Cancer Plans SO JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH MANAGEMENT AND PRACTICE LA English DT Article DE cancer plan; comprehensive cancer control; content analysis; index AB Objective: To (1) conduct an in-depth assessment of the content of comprehensive cancer control plans and (2) obtain data that can be used to provide guidance to grantees supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's National Comprehensive Cancer Control Program (NCCCP) as they refine their plans, and to other health professionals as similar planning is done. Design: Through an iterative development process, a workgroup of subject matter experts from NCCCP and Research Triangle Institute International (RTI International) identified 11 core or essential components that should be considered in cancer plans on the basis of their professional experience and expertise. They also developed a tool, the Cancer Plan Index (CPI), to assess the extent to which cancer plans addressed the 11 core components. Setting: Sixty-five comprehensive cancer control programs in states, tribes, territories, and jurisdictions funded by the NCCCP. Data Source: Raters reviewed and abstracted all available cancer plans (n = 66), which included plans from 62 funded programs and 4 states of the Federated States of Micronesia funded by Centers for Disease Control and Prevention as a subcontractor of one funded program.* Of the 66 plans, 3 plans were used to pilot test the CPI and the remaining 63 plans were subsequently reviewed and abstracted. Main Outcome Measure(s): The primary outcome measures are national-level component scores for 11 defined domains (global involvement of stakeholders, developing the plan, presentation of data on disease burden, goals, objectives, strategies, reduction of cancer disparities, implementation, funds for implementation of plan, evaluation, usability of plan), which represent an average of the component scores across all available cancer plans. Results: To aid in the interpretation and usability of findings, the components were segmented into 3 tiers, representing a range high (average score = 2.01-4.00), moderate (average score = 1.01-2.00), and low (average score = 0-1.00) levels of description of the component. Programs overall provided relatively comprehensive descriptions of goals, objectives, and strategies; moderate description of the plan development process, presentation of data on disease burden, and plans on the reduction of cancer disparities; and little to no description of stakeholder involvement plans for implementation, funds for implementation, and evaluation of the plan. Conclusions: Areas of the CPI with low average component scores should stimulate technical assistance to the funded programs, either to increase program activities or to increase discussion of key activities in the plan. C1 [Steele, C. Brooke] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Adams, Elizabeth] RTI Int, Atlanta, GA USA. [Porterfield, Deborah S.; Holden, Debra; McAleer, Kelly] RTI Int, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Rochester, Phyllis] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Rochester, P (reprint author), Evaluat Works LLC, 2744 Woosley Rd, Pfafftown, NC 27040 USA. EM phyllis@phyllisrochester.com FU PHS HHS [200-2002-00575] NR 7 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1078-4659 J9 J PUBLIC HEALTH MAN JI J. Public Health Manag. Pract. PD NOV-DEC PY 2011 VL 17 IS 6 BP E12 EP E17 DI 10.1097/PHH.0b013e318215a603 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 827BI UT WOS:000295400100002 PM 21964373 ER PT J AU Moro, PL Broder, K Zheteyeva, Y Revzina, N Tepper, N Kissin, D Barash, F Arana, J Brantley, MD Ding, H Singleton, JA Walton, K Haber, P Lewis, P Yue, X DeStefano, F Vellozzi, C AF Moro, Pedro L. Broder, Karen Zheteyeva, Yenlik Revzina, Natalya Tepper, Naomi Kissin, Dmitry Barash, Faith Arana, Jorge Brantley, Mary D. Ding, Helen Singleton, James A. Walton, Kimp Haber, Penina Lewis, Paige Yue, Xin DeStefano, Frank Vellozzi, Claudia TI Adverse events following administration to pregnant women of influenza A (H1N1) 2009 monovalent vaccine reported to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE influenza A (H1N1); pregnancy; surveillance; vaccine safety ID IMMUNIZATION SAFETY DATA; UNITED-STATES; ROTAVIRUS VACCINE; CASE DEFINITIONS; BELLS-PALSY; INTUSSUSCEPTION; GUIDELINES; PREECLAMPSIA; COLLECTION; CHILDREN AB OBJECTIVE: The objective of the study was to evaluate and summarize reports to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS), a spontaneous reporting system, in pregnant women who received influenza A (H1N1) 2009 monovalent vaccine to assess for potential vaccine safety problems. STUDY DESIGN: We reviewed reports of adverse events (AEs) in pregnant women who received 2009-H1N1 vaccines from Oct. 1, 2009, through Feb. 28, 2010. RESULTS: VAERS received 294 reports of AEs in pregnant women who received 2009-H1N1 vaccine: 288 after inactivated and 6 after the live attenuated vaccines. Two maternal deaths were reported. Fifty-nine women (20.1%) were hospitalized. We verified 131 pregnancy-specific outcomes: 95 spontaneous abortions (<20 weeks); 18 stillbirths (>= 20 weeks); 7 preterm deliveries (<37 weeks); 3 threatened abortions; 2 preterm labor; 2 preeclampsia; and 1 each of fetal hydronephrosis, fetal tachycardia, intrauterine growth retardation, and cleft lip. CONCLUSION: Review of reports to VAERS following H1N1 vaccination in pregnant women did not identify any concerning patterns of maternal or fetal outcomes. C1 [Moro, Pedro L.; Broder, Karen; Arana, Jorge; Walton, Kimp; Haber, Penina; Lewis, Paige; Yue, Xin; DeStefano, Frank; Vellozzi, Claudia] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunizat Safety Off, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Zheteyeva, Yenlik] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Off Workforce & Career Dev, Off Director, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Revzina, Natalya; Tepper, Naomi; Kissin, Dmitry] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Womens Hlth & Fertil Branch, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Brantley, Mary D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Appl Sci Branch, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Ding, Helen; Singleton, James A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Assessment Branch, Immunizat Serv Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Barash, Faith] US FDA, Off Biostat & Epidemiol, Ctr Biol Evaluat & Res, Rockville, MD 20857 USA. RP Moro, PL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunizat Safety Off, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS D26, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM pmoro@cdc.gov NR 43 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 5 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0002-9378 J9 AM J OBSTET GYNECOL JI Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 205 IS 5 AR 473.e1 DI 10.1016/j.ajog.2011.06.047 PG 9 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 842EB UT WOS:000296572300028 PM 21861964 ER PT J AU Fagan, RP Neil, KP Sasich, R Luquez, C Asaad, H Maslanka, S Khalil, W AF Fagan, Ryan P. Neil, Karen P. Sasich, Randy Luquez, Carolina Asaad, Hakam Maslanka, Susan Khalil, Wajahat TI Initial Recovery and Rebound of Type F Intestinal Colonization Botulism After Administration of Investigational Heptavalent Botulinum Antitoxin SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID CLOSTRIDIUM-BOTULINUM; ADULT; TOXIN; SUSCEPTIBILITY AB Investigational heptavalent botulinum antitoxin (HBAT) is now the primary antitoxin for US noninfant botulism patients. HBAT consists of equine Fab/F(ab')2 IgG fragments, which are cleared from circulation faster than whole immunoglobulins. Rebound botulism after antitoxin administration is not previously documented but occurred in our patient 10 days after HBAT administration. C1 [Fagan, Ryan P.; Neil, Karen P.; Luquez, Carolina; Maslanka, Susan] Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Asaad, Hakam] Faith Reg Neurol Serv, Norfolk, NE USA. [Sasich, Randy; Khalil, Wajahat] Faith Reg Pulmonol Serv, Norfolk, NE USA. [Neil, Karen P.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Fagan, RP (reprint author), CDC, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM fev3@cdc.gov NR 15 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 4 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD NOV 1 PY 2011 VL 53 IS 9 BP E125 EP E128 DI 10.1093/cid/cir550 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 830UW UT WOS:000295683700011 PM 21896700 ER PT J AU Hoover, KW Radolf, JD AF Hoover, Karen W. Radolf, Justin D. TI Serodiagnosis of Syphilis in the Recombinant Era: Reversal of Fortune SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Editorial Material ID LABORATORIES; TESTS C1 [Hoover, Karen W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sexually Transmitted Dis Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis Sexually Transm, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Radolf, Justin D.] Univ Connecticut, Ctr Hlth, Dept Med, Farmington, CT USA. [Radolf, Justin D.] Univ Connecticut, Ctr Hlth, Dept Pediat, Farmington, CT USA. [Radolf, Justin D.] Univ Connecticut, Ctr Hlth, Dept Immunol, Farmington, CT USA. [Radolf, Justin D.] Univ Connecticut, Ctr Hlth, Dept Genet & Dev Biol, Farmington, CT USA. RP Hoover, KW (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sexually Transmitted Dis Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis Sexually Transm, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS E80, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM khoover@cdc.gov FU NIAID NIH HHS [R37 AI026756, R01 AI026756-23, AI-26756, R01 AI026756] NR 10 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD NOV 1 PY 2011 VL 204 IS 9 BP 1295 EP 1296 DI 10.1093/infdis/jir528 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 828NS UT WOS:000295509300001 PM 21921204 ER PT J AU Boyer, AE Quinn, CP Beesley, CA Gallegos-Candela, M Marston, CK Cronin, LX Lins, RC Stoddard, RA Li, H Schiffer, J Hossain, MJ Chakraborty, A Rahman, M Luby, SP Shieh, WJ Zaki, S Barr, JR Hoffmaster, AR AF Boyer, Anne E. Quinn, Conrad P. Beesley, Cari A. Gallegos-Candela, Maribel Marston, Chung K. Cronin, Li X. Lins, Renato C. Stoddard, Robyn A. Li, Han Schiffer, Jarad Hossain, M. Jahangir Chakraborty, Apurba Rahman, Mahmudur Luby, Stephen P. Shieh, Wun-Ju Zaki, Sherif Barr, John R. Hoffmaster, Alex R. TI Lethal Factor Toxemia and Anti-Protective Antigen Antibody Activity in Naturally Acquired Cutaneous Anthrax SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID BACILLUS-ANTHRACIS; INHALATION ANTHRAX; UNITED-STATES; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; IMMUNOGLOBULIN-G; TOXINS AB Cutaneous anthrax outbreaks occurred in Bangladesh from August to October 2009. As part of the epidemiological response and to confirm anthrax diagnoses, serum samples were collected from suspected case patients with observed cutaneous lesions. Anthrax lethal factor (LF), anti-protective antigen (anti-PA) immunoglobulin G (IgG), and anthrax lethal toxin neutralization activity (TNA) levels were determined in acute and convalescent serum of 26 case patients with suspected cutaneous anthrax from the first and largest of these outbreaks. LF (0.005-1.264 ng/mL) was detected in acute serum from 18 of 26 individuals. Anti-PA IgG and TNA were detected in sera from the same 18 individuals and ranged from 10.0 to 679.5 mu g/mL and 27 to 593 units, respectively. Seroconversion to serum anti-PA and TNA was found only in case patients with measurable toxemia. This is the first report of quantitative analysis of serum LF in cutaneous anthrax and the first to associate acute stage toxemia with subsequent antitoxin antibody responses. C1 [Boyer, Anne E.; Quinn, Conrad P.; Beesley, Cari A.; Gallegos-Candela, Maribel; Marston, Chung K.; Cronin, Li X.; Stoddard, Robyn A.; Li, Han; Schiffer, Jarad; Luby, Stephen P.; Shieh, Wun-Ju; Zaki, Sherif; Barr, John R.; Hoffmaster, Alex R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Lins, Renato C.] Battelle Analyt Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. [Hossain, M. Jahangir; Chakraborty, Apurba] Int Ctr Diarrhoeal Dis Res, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh. [Rahman, Mahmudur] Inst Epidemiol Dis Control & Res, Dhaka, Bangladesh. RP Boyer, AE (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,MS-F50, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM aboyer@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Atlanta Research and Education Foundation (AREF) FX This work was supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and in part by the Atlanta Research and Education Foundation (AREF). NR 24 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD NOV 1 PY 2011 VL 204 IS 9 BP 1321 EP 1327 DI 10.1093/infdis/jir543 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 828NS UT WOS:000295509300005 PM 21908727 ER PT J AU Kennedy, JS Gurwith, M Dekker, CL Frey, SE Edwards, KM Kenner, J Lock, M Empig, C Morikawa, S Saijo, M Yokote, H Karem, K Damon, I Perlroth, M Greenberg, RN AF Kennedy, Jeffrey S. Gurwith, Marc Dekker, Cornelia L. Frey, Sharon E. Edwards, Kathryn M. Kenner, Julie Lock, Michael Empig, Cyril Morikawa, Shigeru Saijo, Masayuki Yokote, Hiroyuki Karem, Kevin Damon, Inger Perlroth, Mark Greenberg, Richard N. TI Safety and Immunogenicity of LC16m8, an Attenuated Smallpox Vaccine in Vaccinia-Naive Adults SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID JANUARY-OCTOBER 2003; NEUTRALIZING ANTIBODY; VIRUS ENVELOPE; UNITED-STATES; RESPONSES; DRYVAX; B5R; MYOCARDITIS; PROTECTION; PROTEIN AB Methods. We conducted a phase I/II clinical trial that compared the safety and immunogenicity of LC16m8 with Dryvax in vaccinia-naive participants. Adverse events were assessed, as were electrocardiography and laboratory testing for cardiotoxicity and viral culturing of the vaccination sites. Neutralization titers to vaccinia, monkeypox, and variola major were assessed and cell-mediated immune responses were measured by interferon (IFN)-gamma enzyme-linked immunosorbent spot and lymphoproliferation assays. Results. Local and systemic reactions after vaccination with LC16m8 were similar to those reported after Dryvax. No clinically significant abnormalities consistent with cardiac toxicity were seen for either vaccine. Both vaccines achieved antivaccinia, antivariola, and antimonkeypox neutralizing antibody titers > 1:40, although the mean plaque reduction neutralization titer of LC16m8 at day 30 after vaccination was significantly lower than Dryvax for anti-NYCBH vaccinia (P < .01), antimonkeypox (P < .001), and antivariola (P < .001). LC16m8 produced robust cellular immune responses that trended higher than Dryvax for lymphoproliferation (P = .06), but lower for IFN-gamma ELISPOT (P = .02). Conclusions. LC16m8 generates neutralizing antibody titers to multiple poxviruses, including vaccinia, monkeypox, and variola major, and broad T-cell responses, indicating that LC16m8 may have efficacy in protecting individuals from smallpox. Clinical Trials Registration. NCT00103584. C1 [Greenberg, Richard N.] Univ Kentucky, Sch Med, Dept Med, Lexington, KY 40536 USA. [Kennedy, Jeffrey S.] New York State Dept Hlth, Wadsworth Ctr, Albany, NY 12237 USA. [Gurwith, Marc] PaxVax Inc, San Diego, CA USA. [Dekker, Cornelia L.] Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Div Pediat Infect Dis, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Frey, Sharon E.] St Louis Univ, Hlth Sci Ctr, Div Infect Dis & Immunol, Dept Internal Med, St Louis, MO 63103 USA. [Edwards, Kathryn M.] Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Div Infect Dis,Vanderbilt Vaccine Res Program, Nashville, TN 37212 USA. [Kenner, Julie] Kenner Dermatol Ctr, Kailua, HI USA. [Empig, Cyril] Peregrine Pharmaceut Inc, Tustin, CA USA. [Morikawa, Shigeru; Saijo, Masayuki] Natl Inst Infect Dis, Tokyo, Japan. [Yokote, Hiroyuki] Chemo Sero Therapeut Res Inst Kaketsuken, Kumamoto, Japan. [Karem, Kevin; Damon, Inger] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Poxvirus & Rabies Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Perlroth, Mark] Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Dept Internal Med, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RP Greenberg, RN (reprint author), Univ Kentucky, Sch Med, Dept Med, Room MN-672,800 Rose St, Lexington, KY 40536 USA. EM rngree01@uky.edu FU ELISPOT; lymphoproliferation assays; VaxGen, Inc; DynPort Vaccine Company LLC; Acambis PLC; Bavarian-Nordic A/S; National Institutes of Health (NIH) [AI057319]; CDC; Novartis; Sanofi Pasteur FX The site clinical research teams included Beth Plummer, Ester Cook, Dana Hargis, Connie Geradeau, Nancy Johnson, Heather Vaughn, Steven Siztler, Susan Philips, Debbie Plummer, Stacy Plummer, Malissia Van Hook, and David Rudy (University of Kentucky); Sharon Irby-Moore and the staff of the Saint Louis University Center for Vaccine Development; Deborah Hunter (Vanderbilt University); Peter T. Rogge, MD (Solano Clinical Research); and Jose Montoya, Dora Ho, Eileen Cordoba Tongson, Ameth Aguirre, and Nancy Bouvier (Stanford University). J. S. K. performed the cellular immune assays with the assistance of Frank Ennis, MD, Laura Orphin, and John Cruz at the University of Massachusetts Medical School, and the authors acknowledge their support and assistance with ELISPOT and lymphoproliferation assays. VaxGen, Inc was the sponsor and created the protocol, obtained sites, and was responsible for the Investigational New Drug application and all reporting to the Food and Drug Administration. Each site had available board-certified cardiologists as well as other board-certified specialists to assist with any ocular, cutaneous, or neurological AEs; the authors appreciate their assistance.; R. N. G. was a principal site investigator for clinical trials sponsored by DynPort Vaccine Company LLC, Acambis PLC, VaxGen, Inc, and Bavarian-Nordic A/S. J. S. K. received funding from VaxGen, Inc and the National Institutes of Health (NIH; AI057319) for this study. K. M. E. received research funding from the NIH, CDC, and Novartis. C. L. S. received research funding from the NIH, CDC, and Sanofi Pasteur. At the time of the trial, M. G., J. K., C. E., and M. L. were employed by VaxGen, Inc. All other authors report no potential conflicts of interest. NR 28 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 5 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD NOV 1 PY 2011 VL 204 IS 9 BP 1395 EP 1402 DI 10.1093/infdis/jir527 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 828NS UT WOS:000295509300013 PM 21921208 ER PT J AU Cortese, MM Barskey, AE Tegtmeier, GE Zhang, C Ngo, L Kyaw, MH Baughman, AL Menitove, JE Hickman, CJ Bellini, WJ Dayan, GH Hansen, GR Rubin, S AF Cortese, Margaret M. Barskey, Albert E. Tegtmeier, Gary E. Zhang, Cheryl Ngo, Laurie Kyaw, Moe H. Baughman, Andrew L. Menitove, Jay E. Hickman, Carole J. Bellini, William J. Dayan, Gustavo H. Hansen, Gail R. Rubin, Steven TI Mumps Antibody Levels Among Students Before a Mumps Outbreak: In Search of a Correlate of Immunity SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; VIRUS; VACCINE; UNIVERSITY; EPIDEMIOLOGY; COVERAGE; PROTEIN; MEASLES AB Methods. Preoutbreak samples were available from 11 case patients, 22 nonpatients who reported mumps exposure but no mumps symptoms, and 103 nonpatients who reported no known exposure and no symptoms. Antibody titers were measured by plaque reduction neutralization assay using Jeryl Lynn vaccine virus and the outbreak virus Iowa-G/USA-06 and by enzyme immunoassay (EIA). Results. Preoutbreak Jeryl Lynn virus neutralization titers were significantly lower among case patients than unexposed nonpatients (P = .023), and EIA results were significantly lower among case patients than exposed nonpatients (P = .007) and unexposed nonpatients (P = .009). Proportionately more case patients than exposed nonpatients had a preoutbreak anti-Jeryl Lynn titer < 31 (64% vs 27%, respectively; P = .065), an anti-Iowa-G/USA-06 titer < 8 (55% vs 14%; P = .033), and EIA index standard ratio < 1.40 (64% vs 9%; P = .002) and < 1.71 (73% vs 14%, P = .001). Discussion. Case patients generally had lower preoutbreak mumps antibody levels than nonpatients. However, titers overlapped and no cutoff points separated all mumps case patients from all nonpatients. C1 [Cortese, Margaret M.; Barskey, Albert E.; Kyaw, Moe H.; Hickman, Carole J.; Bellini, William J.; Dayan, Gustavo H.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Baughman, Andrew L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Tegtmeier, Gary E.; Menitove, Jay E.] Community Blood Ctr Greater Kansas City, Kansas City, MO USA. [Zhang, Cheryl; Ngo, Laurie; Rubin, Steven] US FDA, Ctr Biol Evaluat & Res, Bethesda, MD USA. [Hansen, Gail R.] Kansas Dept Hlth & Environm, Topeka, KS USA. RP Cortese, MM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd,MSA34, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM mcortese@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [200-2008-M-27695] FX This work was supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (contract 200-2008-M-27695). NR 20 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 3 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD NOV 1 PY 2011 VL 204 IS 9 BP 1413 EP 1422 DI 10.1093/infdis/jir526 PG 10 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 828NS UT WOS:000295509300015 PM 21933874 ER PT J AU Ryan-Payseur, B Ali, Z Huang, D Chen, CY Yan, L Wang, RC Collins, WE Wang, YQ Chen, ZW AF Ryan-Payseur, Bridgett Ali, Zahida Huang, Dan Chen, Crystal Y. Yan, Lin Wang, Richard C. Collins, William E. Wang, Yunqi Chen, Zheng W. TI Virus Infection Stages and Distinct Th1 or Th17/Th22 T-Cell Responses in Malaria/SHIV Coinfection Correlate with Different Outcomes of Disease SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM MALARIA; TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; MUCOSAL HOST-DEFENSE; HIV-INFECTION; RURAL MALAWI; SOUTH-AFRICA; ADULTS; BLOOD; AIDS; COHORT AB Background. Malaria and AIDS represent 2 leading causes of death from infectious diseases worldwide, and their high geographic overlap means coinfection is prevalent. It remains unknown whether distinct immune responses during coinfection with malaria and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) affect clinical outcomes. Methods. We tested this hypothesis by employing macaque models of coinfection with malaria and simian-human immunodeficiency virus (SHIV). Results. Plasmodium fragile malaria coinfection of acutely SHIV-infected macaques induced hyperimmune activation and remarkable expansion of CD4+ and CD8+ T effector cells de novo producing interferon gamma or tumor necrosis factor alpha. Malaria-driven cellular hyperactivation/expansion and high-level Th1-cytokines enhanced SHIV disease characterized by increasing CD4+ T-cell depletion, profound lymphoid depletion or destruction, and even necrosis in lymph nodes and spleens. Importantly, malaria/SHIV-mediated depletion, destruction, and necrosis in lymphoid tissues led to bursting parasite replication and fatal virus-associated malaria. Surprisingly, chronically SHIV-infected macaques without AIDS employed different defense mechanisms during malaria coinfection, and mounted unique similar to 200-fold expansion of interleukin 17+/interleukin 22+ T effectors with profound Th1 suppression. Such remarkable expansion of Th17/Th22 cells and inhibition of Th1 response coincided with development of immunity against fatal virus-associated malaria without accelerating SHIV disease. Conclusions. These novel findings suggest that virus infection status and selected Th1 or Th17/Th22 responses after malaria/AIDS-virus coinfection correlate with distinct outcomes of virus infection and malaria. C1 [Ryan-Payseur, Bridgett; Ali, Zahida; Huang, Dan; Chen, Crystal Y.; Yan, Lin; Wang, Richard C.; Wang, Yunqi; Chen, Zheng W.] Univ Illinois, Coll Med, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Ctr Primate Biomed Res, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. [Collins, William E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Dept Parasit Dis, Natl Ctr Vector Borne & Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Collins, William E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Sci Resources Branch, Natl Ctr Vector Borne & Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Chen, ZW (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Coll Med, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Ctr Primate Biomed Res, 835 S Wolcott Ave,MC790, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. EM zchen@uic.edu RI WANG, YUNQI/F-4668-2014 FU National Institutes of Health [R01 HL64560, R01 RR13601] FX This work was supported by the National Institutes of Health (R01 HL64560 and R01 RR13601, both to Z. W. C). NR 42 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 3 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD NOV 1 PY 2011 VL 204 IS 9 BP 1450 EP 1462 DI 10.1093/infdis/jir549 PG 13 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 828NS UT WOS:000295509300019 PM 21921207 ER PT J AU Campagnolo, ER Rankin, JT Daverio, SA Hunt, EA Lute, JR Tewari, D Acland, HM Ostrowski, SR Moll, ME Urdaneta, VV Ostroff, SM AF Campagnolo, E. R. Rankin, J. T. Daverio, S. A. Hunt, E. A. Lute, J. R. Tewari, D. Acland, H. M. Ostrowski, S. R. Moll, M. E. Urdaneta, V. V. Ostroff, S. M. TI Fatal Pandemic (H1N1) 2009 Influenza A Virus Infection in a Pennsylvania Domestic Cat SO ZOONOSES AND PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Pandemic; pH1N1; zoonoses; cat; fatal; influenza A virus; veterinary public health; pneumonia; influenza-like illness; cardiomyopathy; Pennsylvania ID MYOCARDITIS; H5N1 AB We report the earliest recognized fatality associated with laboratory-confirmed pandemic H1N1 (pH1N1) influenza in a domestic cat in the United States. The 12-year old, indoor cat died on 6 November 2009 after exposure to multiple family members who had been ill with influenza-like illness during the peak period of the fall wave of pH1N1 in Pennsylvania during late October 2009. The clinical presentation, history, radiographic, laboratory and necropsy findings are presented to assist veterinary care providers in understanding the features of this disease in cats and the potential for transmission of infection to pets from infected humans. C1 [Campagnolo, E. R.; Rankin, J. T.; Moll, M. E.; Urdaneta, V. V.; Ostroff, S. M.] Penn Dept Hlth, NW Dist Off, Jackson Ctr, Bur Epidemiol, Harrisburg, PA 16133 USA. [Campagnolo, E. R.; Ostrowski, S. R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Publ Hlth Preparedness & Response, Off Sci & Publ Hlth Practice, Atlanta, GA USA. [Daverio, S. A.] Williamsport W Vet Hosp, Williamsport, PA USA. [Hunt, E. A.] Penn Dept Hlth, Bur Community Hlth Syst, Williamsport, PA USA. [Lute, J. R.] Penn Dept Hlth, Bur Labs, Exton, PA USA. [Tewari, D.; Acland, H. M.] Penn Dept Agr, Penn Vet Lab, Harrisburg, PA USA. RP Campagnolo, ER (reprint author), Penn Dept Hlth, NW Dist Off, Jackson Ctr, Bur Epidemiol, 19 McQuiston Dr, Harrisburg, PA 16133 USA. EM ejc5@cdc.gov NR 34 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 5 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1863-1959 J9 ZOONOSES PUBLIC HLTH JI Zoonoses Public Health PD NOV PY 2011 VL 58 IS 7 BP 500 EP 507 DI 10.1111/j.1863-2378.2011.01390.x PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases; Veterinary Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases; Veterinary Sciences GA 831GT UT WOS:000295718100008 PM 21824345 ER PT J AU Chambers, DM Ocariz, JM McGuirk, MF Blount, BC AF Chambers, David M. Ocariz, Jessica M. McGuirk, Maureen F. Blount, Benjamin C. TI Impact of cigarette smoking on Volatile Organic Compound (VOC) blood levels in the U.S. Population: NHANES 2003-2004 SO ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE Benzene, Toluene, Ethylbenzene, Xylene (BTEX); Blood; Cigarette smoke; National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES); Volatile organic compound (VOC) ID SOLID-PHASE MICROEXTRACTION; NUTRITION EXAMINATION SURVEY; TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY; SERUM COTININE LEVELS; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; NATIONAL-HEALTH; EXPOSURE; SMOKERS; BENZENE; NONSMOKERS AB The impact of cigarette smoking on volatile organic compound (VOC) blood levels is studied using 2003-2004 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data. Cigarette smoke exposure is shown to be a predominant source of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylenes and styrene (BTEXS) measured in blood as determined by (1) differences in central tendency and interquartile VOC blood levels between daily smokers [>= 1 cigarette per day (CPD)] and less-than-daily smokers, (2) correlation among BTEXS and the 2,5-dimethylfuran (2,5-DMF) smoking biomarker in the blood of daily smokers, and (3) regression modeling of BTEXS blood levels versus categorized CPD. Smoking status was determined by 2,5-DMF blood level using a cutpoint of 0.014 ng/ml estimated by regression modeling of the weighted data and confirmed with receiver operator curve (ROC) analysis. The BTEXS blood levels among daily smokers were moderately-to-strongly correlated with 2,5-DMF blood levels (correlation coefficient, r, ranging from 0.46 to 0.92). Linear regression of the geometric mean BTEXS blood levels versus categorized CPD showed clear dose-response relationship (correlation of determination, R(2), ranging from 0.81 to 0.98). Furthermore, the pattern of VOCs in blood of smokers is similar to that reported in mainstream cigarette smoke. These results show that cigarette smoking is a primary source of benzene, toluene and styrene and an important source of ethylbenzene and xylene exposure for the U.S. population, as well as the necessity of determining smoking status and factors affecting dose (e.g.. CPD, time since last cigarette) in assessments involving BTEXS exposure. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Chambers, David M.; Ocariz, Jessica M.; McGuirk, Maureen F.; Blount, Benjamin C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Chambers, DM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control, 4770 Buford Highway,F-47, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM mzz7@cdc.gov OI Sampson, Maureen/0000-0003-1536-3229 NR 25 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 18 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0160-4120 J9 ENVIRON INT JI Environ. Int. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 37 IS 8 BP 1321 EP 1328 DI 10.1016/j.envint.2011.05.016 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 816EV UT WOS:000294582400003 PM 21703688 ER PT J AU Seong, JC Park, TH Ko, JH Chang, SI Kim, M Holt, JB Mehdi, MR AF Seong, Jeong C. Park, Tae H. Ko, Joon H. Chang, Seo I. Kim, Minho Holt, James B. Mehdi, Mohammed R. TI Modeling of road traffic noise and estimated human exposure in Fulton County, Georgia, USA SO ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE Noise simulation; Traffic noise; Fulton County; Noise map; Facade map; Exposed population ID COMMUNITY NOISE; HEALTH AB Environmental noise is a major source of public complaints. Noise in the community causes physical and socio-economic effects and has been shown to be related to adverse health impacts. Noise, however, has not been actively researched in the United States compared with the European Union countries in recent years. In this research, we aimed at modeling road traffic noise and analyzing human exposure in Fulton County, Georgia, United States. We modeled road traffic noise levels using the United States Department of Transportation Federal Highway Administration Traffic Noise Model implemented in SoundPLAN (R). After analyzing noise levels with raster, vector and facade maps, we estimated human exposure to high noise levels. Accurate digital elevation models and building heights were derived from Light Detection And Ranging survey datasets and building footprint boundaries. Traffic datasets were collected from the Georgia Department of Transportation and the Atlanta Regional Commission. Noise level simulation was performed with 62 computers in a distributed computing environment. Finally, the noise-exposed population was calculated using geographic information system techniques. Results show that 48% of the total county population [N = 870,166 residents] is potentially exposed to 55 dB(A) or higher noise levels during daytime. About 9% of the population is potentially exposed to 67 dB(A) or higher noises. At nighttime, 32% of the population is expected to be exposed to noise levels higher than 50 dB(A). This research shows that large-scale traffic noise estimation is possible with the help of various organizations. We believe that this research is a significant stepping stone for analyzing community health associated with noise exposures in the United States. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Seong, Jeong C.] Univ W Georgia, Carrollton, GA 30118 USA. [Park, Tae H.; Ko, Joon H.; Chang, Seo I.] Univ Seoul, Seoul 130743, South Korea. [Kim, Minho; Holt, James B.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Mehdi, Mohammed R.] NED Univ Engn & Technol, Karachi 75270, Pakistan. RP Seong, JC (reprint author), UWG Geosci, 1601 Maple St, Carrollton, GA 30118 USA. EM jseong@westga.edu FU Fulton County; Atlanta Regional Commission; Georgia Department of Transportation; U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; University of Seoul; NED University & Higher Education Commission in Pakistan; University of West Georgia FX The authors sincerely appreciate the support from Fulton County, Atlanta Regional Commission, Georgia Department of Transportation, U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, University of Seoul, NED University & Higher Education Commission in Pakistan, and University of West Georgia for their invaluable contributions to this research. The authors also acknowledge that the findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and authors' affiliations. NR 24 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 22 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0160-4120 J9 ENVIRON INT JI Environ. Int. PD NOV PY 2011 VL 37 IS 8 BP 1336 EP 1341 DI 10.1016/j.envint.2011.05.019 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 816EV UT WOS:000294582400005 PM 21704376 ER PT J AU Moody, KM Schonberger, LB Maddox, RA Zou, WQ Cracco, L Cali, I AF Moody, Karen M. Schonberger, Lawrence B. Maddox, Ryan A. Zou, Wen-Quan Cracco, Laura Cali, Ignazio TI Sporadic fatal insomnia in a young woman: A diagnostic challenge: Case Report SO BMC NEUROLOGY LA English DT Article ID CREUTZFELDT-JAKOB-DISEASE; RESISTANT PRION PROTEIN; FAMILIAL INSOMNIA; PHENOTYPIC VARIABILITY; CLASSIFICATION; VARIANT; BRAIN; CJD AB Background: Sporadic fatal insomnia (sFI) and fatal familial insomnia (FFI) are rare human prion diseases. Case Presentation: We report a case of a 33-year-old female who died of a prion disease for whom the diagnosis of sFI or FFI was not considered clinically. Following death of this patient, an interview with a close family member indicated the patient's illness included a major change in her sleep pattern, corroborating the reported autopsy diagnosis of sFI. Genetic tests identified no prion protein (PrP) gene mutation, but neuropathological examination and molecular study showed protease-resistant PrP (PrP(res)) in several brain regions and severe atrophy of the anterior-ventral and medial-dorsal thalamic nuclei similar to that described in FFI. Conclusions: In patients with suspected prion disease, a characteristic change in sleep pattern can be an important clinical clue for identifying sFI or FFI; polysomnography (PSG), genetic analysis, and nuclear imaging may aid in diagnosis. C1 [Moody, Karen M.] Texas Dept State Hlth Serv, Austin, TX 78756 USA. [Schonberger, Lawrence B.; Maddox, Ryan A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Zou, Wen-Quan; Cracco, Laura; Cali, Ignazio] Case Western Reserve Univ, Natl Prion Dis Surveillance Ctr, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. RP Moody, KM (reprint author), Texas Dept State Hlth Serv, 1100 W 49th St, Austin, TX 78756 USA. EM karen.moody@dshs.state.tx.us OI cali, ignazio/0000-0001-5770-3848 NR 27 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 9 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2377 J9 BMC NEUROL JI BMC Neurol. PD OCT 31 PY 2011 VL 11 AR 136 DI 10.1186/1471-2377-11-136 PG 8 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 846EU UT WOS:000296880800001 PM 22040318 ER PT J AU Martin, F Bangham, CRM Ciminale, V Lairmore, MD Murphy, EL Switzer, WM Mahieux, R AF Martin, Fabiola Bangham, Charles R. M. Ciminale, Vincenzo Lairmore, Michael D. Murphy, Edward L. Switzer, William M. Mahieux, Renaud TI Conference highlights of the 15th international conference on human retrovirology: HTLV and related retroviruses, 4-8 june 2011, Leuven, Gembloux, Belgium SO RETROVIROLOGY LA English DT Review ID CHRONIC-FATIGUE-SYNDROME; LEUKEMIA-VIRUS; MOUSE DNA; XMRV; TAX; CONTAMINATION; PROTEIN; CELLS; REPLICATION; INFECTION AB The June 2011 15(th) International Conference on Human Retrovirology: HTLV and Related Viruses marks approximately 30 years since the discovery of HTLV-1. As anticipated, a large number of abstracts were submitted and presented by scientists, new and old to the field of retrovirology, from all five continents. The aim of this review is to distribute the scientific highlights of the presentations as analysed and represented by experts in specific fields of epidemiology, clinical research, immunology, animal models, molecular and cellular biology, and virology. C1 [Martin, Fabiola] Univ York, Dept Biol, Hull & York Med Sch, Ctr Immunol & Infect, York YO10 5DD, N Yorkshire, England. [Bangham, Charles R. M.] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Wright Fleming Inst, Dept Immunol, London, England. [Ciminale, Vincenzo] IRCCS, Dept Oncol & Surg Sci, Padua, Italy. [Ciminale, Vincenzo] IRCCS, Ist Oncol Veneto, Padua, Italy. [Lairmore, Michael D.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Vet Biosci, Ctr Retrovirus Res, Arthur James Canc Hosp & Res Inst,, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Lairmore, Michael D.] Ohio State Univ, Arthur James Canc Hosp & Res Inst, Ctr Comprehens Canc, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Murphy, Edward L.] Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Murphy, Edward L.] Blood Syst Res Inst, San Francisco, CA USA. [Switzer, William M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Branch Lab, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Mahieux, Renaud] INSERM, Human Virol U758, Retroviral Oncogenesis Lab, F-69364 Lyon 07, France. [Mahieux, Renaud] Ecole Normale Super Lyon, F-69364 Lyon 07, France. RP Martin, F (reprint author), Univ York, Dept Biol, Hull & York Med Sch, Ctr Immunol & Infect, York YO10 5DD, N Yorkshire, England. EM Fabiola.Martin@hyms.ac.uk; renaud.mahieux@ens-lyon.fr OI Bangham, Charles/0000-0003-2624-3599 FU ENS Lyon; INSERM; InCa FX None of the authors declared any conflict of interests. Use of trade names is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by the U. S. Department of Health and Human Services, the Public Health Service, or the Centres for Disease Control and Prevention. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the author and do not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. RM is supported by ENS Lyon, INSERM and InCa. NR 146 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 3 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1742-4690 J9 RETROVIROLOGY JI Retrovirology PD OCT 28 PY 2011 VL 8 AR 86 DI 10.1186/1742-4690-8-86 PG 15 WC Virology SC Virology GA 851PS UT WOS:000297283900001 PM 22035054 ER PT J AU Kissin, DM Mandel, MG Akatova, N Belyakov, NA Rakhmanova, AG Voronin, EE Volkova, GV Yakovlev, AA Jamieson, DJ Vitek, C Robinson, J Miller, WC Hillis, S AF Kissin, Dmitry M. Mandel, Michele G. Akatova, Natalia Belyakov, Nikolay A. Rakhmanova, Aza G. Voronin, Evgeny E. Volkova, Galina V. Yakovlev, Alexey A. Jamieson, Denise J. Vitek, Charles Robinson, Joanna Miller, William C. Hillis, Susan TI Five-year trends in epidemiology and prevention of mother-to-child HIV transmission, St. Petersburg, Russia: results from perinatal HIV surveillance SO BMC INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID ANTIRETROVIRAL PROPHYLAXIS; INFECTION; WOMEN; CHALLENGES; PREGNANCY; SUCCESSES; PROGRESS; UKRAINE AB Background: The HIV epidemic in Russia has increasingly involved reproductive-aged women, which may increase perinatal HIV transmission. Methods: Standard HIV case-reporting and enhanced perinatal HIV surveillance systems were used for prospective assessment of HIV-infected women giving birth in St. Petersburg, Russia, during 2004-2008. Trends in social, perinatal, and clinical factors influencing mother-to-child HIV transmission stratified by history of injection drug use, and rates of perinatal HIV transmission were assessed using two-sided chi(2) or Cochran-Armitage tests. Results: Among HIV-infected women who gave birth, the proportion of women who self-reported ever using injection drugs (IDUs) decreased from 62% in 2004 to 41% in 2008 (P < 0.0001). Programmatic improvements led to increased uptake of the following clinical services from 2004 to 2008 (all P < 0.01): initiation of antiretroviral prophylaxis at = 28 weeks gestation (IDUs 44%-54%, non-IDUs 45%-72%), monitoring of immunologic (IDUs 48%-64%, non-IDUs 58%-80%) and virologic status (IDUs 8%-58%, non-IDUs 10%-75%), dual/triple antiretroviral prophylaxis (IDUs 9%-44%, non-IDUs 14%-59%). After initial increase from 5.3% (95% confidence interval [CI] 3.5%-7.8%) in 2004 to 8.5% (CI 6.1%-11.7%) in 2005 (P < 0.05), perinatal HIV transmission decreased to 5.3% (CI 3.4%-8.3%) in 2006, and 3.2% (CI 1.7%-5.8%) in 2007 (P for trend < 0.05). However, the proportion of women without prenatal care and without HIV testing before labor and delivery remained unchanged. Conclusions: Reduced proportion of IDUs and improved clinical services among HIV-infected women giving birth were accompanied by decreased perinatal HIV transmission, which can be further reduced by increasing outreach and HIV testing of women before and during pregnancy. C1 [Kissin, Dmitry M.; Mandel, Michele G.; Jamieson, Denise J.; Hillis, Susan] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Akatova, Natalia; Belyakov, Nikolay A.; Volkova, Galina V.] City AIDS Ctr, St Petersburg 198020, Russia. [Rakhmanova, Aza G.] City Hlth Comm, St Petersburg 198020, Russia. [Voronin, Evgeny E.] Republican Hosp Infect Dis Clin AIDS Ctr, Ust Izgora 196645, Russia. [Yakovlev, Alexey A.] Botkin Hosp Infect Dis, St Petersburg 191167, Russia. [Vitek, Charles] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, UA-04071 Kiev, Ukraine. [Robinson, Joanna] Elizabeth Glaser Pediat AIDS Fdn, Los Angeles, CA 90025 USA. [Miller, William C.] Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. RP Kissin, DM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 4770 Buford Highway NE,MS K-34, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM DKissin@cdc.gov RI Miller, William/H-4800-2014; Yakovlev, Alexey/H-2748-2015 OI Miller, William/0000-0002-1934-7827; Yakovlev, Alexey/0000-0003-4163-5769 FU Elizabeth Glaser Pediatric AIDS Foundation; St. Petersburg City AIDS Center, USAID/Moscow; CDC FX The enhanced perinatal surveillance system in St. Petersburg was established and supported by the Elizabeth Glaser Pediatric AIDS Foundation, the St. Petersburg City AIDS Center, USAID/Moscow, and CDC. The funding sources had no role in the study design, data collection, data analysis, data interpretation, or writing of the report. We would like to thank the following individuals for their invaluable support and important contributions to the implementation of enhanced perinatal surveillance system and/or current analyses: Bernard Branson, Galia Denisheva, Ken Dominguez, Kate Glynn, Elena Gurvich, Gary Jeng, Natalia Khaldeeva, Elena Kuklina, Julie Lamb, Zoya Lisitsina, Michael Mansour, Elizabeth Preble, Joanna Robinson, Robin Ryder, Mida Samarskaya, Andrey Shved, Elena Stepanova, Olga Talantova, Elena Vinogradova, Cathy Wilfert. NR 29 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 2 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2334 J9 BMC INFECT DIS JI BMC Infect. Dis. PD OCT 27 PY 2011 VL 11 AR 292 DI 10.1186/1471-2334-11-292 PG 11 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 856UF UT WOS:000297668200001 PM 22032196 ER PT J AU Chaisson, LH Kass, NE Chengeta, B Mathebula, U Samandari, T AF Chaisson, Lelia H. Kass, Nancy E. Chengeta, Bafanana Mathebula, Unami Samandari, Taraz TI Repeated Assessments of Informed Consent Comprehension among HIV-Infected Participants of a Three-Year Clinical Trial in Botswana SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID INTERNATIONAL HEALTH RESEARCH; INJECTION-DRUG USERS; VACCINE TRIALS; SOUTH-AFRICA; PHASE-I; QUALITY; PERCEPTIONS; READABILITY; UNDERSTAND; FORMS AB Background: Informed consent (IC) has been an international standard for decades for the ethical conduct of clinical trials. Yet frequently study participants have incomplete understanding of key issues, a problem exacerbated by language barriers or lack of familiarity with research concepts. Few investigators measure participant comprehension of IC, while even fewer conduct interim assessments once a trial is underway. Methods and Findings: We assessed comprehension of IC using a 20-question true/false quiz administered in 6-month intervals in the context of a placebo-controlled, randomized trial for the prevention of tuberculosis among HIV-infected adults in Botswana (2004-2009). Quizzes were offered in both Setswana and English. To enroll in the TB trial, participants were required to have >= 16/20 correct responses. We examined concepts understood and the degree to which understanding changed over three-years. We analyzed 5,555 quizzes from 1,835 participants. The participants' highest education levels were: 28% primary, 59% secondary, 9% tertiary and 7% no formal education. Eighty percent of participants passed the enrollment quiz (Quiz1) on their first attempt and the remainder passed on their second attempt. Those having higher than primary education and those who took the quiz in English were more likely to receive a passing score on their first attempt (adjusted odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals, 3.1 (2.4-4.0) and 1.5 (1.2, 1.9), respectively). The trial's purpose or procedures were understood by 90-100% of participants, while 44-77% understood randomization, placebos, or risks. Participants who failed Quiz1 on their initial attempt were more likely to fail quizzes later in the trial. Pass rates improved with quiz re-administration in subsequent years. Conclusions: Administration of a comprehension quiz at enrollment and during follow-up was feasible in a large, international collaboration and efficiently determined IC comprehension by trial participants. Strategies to improve understanding of concepts like placebos and randomization are needed. Comprehension assessments throughout a study may reinforce key concepts. C1 [Chaisson, Lelia H.; Kass, Nancy E.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Berman Inst Bioeth, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Kass, Nancy E.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Policy & Management, Baltimore, MD USA. [Chengeta, Bafanana; Samandari, Taraz] Botswana USA Partnership, Gaborone, Botswana. [Chengeta, Bafanana; Samandari, Taraz] Botswana USA Partnership, Francistown, Botswana. [Mathebula, Unami; Samandari, Taraz] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Chaisson, LH (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Berman Inst Bioeth, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. EM nkass@jhu.edu FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Division of TB Elimination; Johns Hopkins University FX This analysis of comprehension quizzes was funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) Division of TB Elimination as well as by a student grant from the Merck Summer Scholars program at Johns Hopkins University. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 65 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 3 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD OCT 27 PY 2011 VL 6 IS 10 AR e22696 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0022696 PG 10 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 841OJ UT WOS:000296521400001 PM 22046230 ER PT J AU Mpimbaza, A Filler, S Katureebe, A Kinara, SO Nzabandora, E Quick, L Ratcliffe, A Wabwire-Mangen, F Chandramohan, D Staedke, SG AF Mpimbaza, Arthur Filler, Scott Katureebe, Agaba Kinara, Steven O. Nzabandora, Emmanuel Quick, Linda Ratcliffe, Amy Wabwire-Mangen, Fred Chandramohan, Daniel Staedke, Sarah G. TI Validity of Verbal Autopsy Procedures for Determining Malaria Deaths in Different Epidemiological Settings in Uganda SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID MORTALITY FRACTIONS; VALIDATION; CHILDREN; AFRICA; MISCLASSIFICATION; ALGORITHMS; BURDEN; AREA AB Background: Verbal autopsy (VA) procedures can be used to estimate cause of death in settings with inadequate vital registries. However, the sensitivity of VA for determining malaria-specific mortality may be low, and may vary with transmission intensity. We assessed the diagnostic accuracy of VA procedures as compared to hospital medical records for determining cause of death in children under five in three different malaria transmission settings in Uganda, including Tororo (high), Kampala (medium), and Kisoro (low). Methods and Findings: Caretakers of children who died in participating hospitals were interviewed using a standardized World Health Organization questionnaire. Medical records from the child's hospitalization were also reviewed. Causes of death based on the VA questionnaires and the medical records were assigned independently by physician reviewers and then compared. A total of 719 cases were included in the final analysis, 67 in Tororo, 600 in Kampala, and 52 in Kisoro. Malaria was classified as the underlying or contributory cause of death by review of medical records in 33 deaths in Tororo, 60 in Kampala, and 0 in Kisoro. The sensitivity of VA procedures for determining malaria deaths in Tororo was 61% (95% CI 44-78%) and 50% in Kampala (95% CI 37-63%). Specificity for determining malaria deaths in Tororo and Kampala was high (>88%), but positive predictive value varied widely, from 83% in Tororo to 34% in Kampala (difference 49%, 95% CI 31-67, p < 0.001). The difference between the cause-specific mortality fraction for malaria as determined by VA procedures and medical records was -11% in Tororo, +5% in Kampala, and +14% in Kisoro. Conclusions: Our results suggest that these VA methods have an acceptable level of diagnostic accuracy for determining malaria deaths at the population level in high and medium transmission areas, but not in low transmission areas. C1 [Mpimbaza, Arthur; Katureebe, Agaba; Kinara, Steven O.; Nzabandora, Emmanuel] Uganda Malaria Surveillance Project Kampala, Kampala, Uganda. [Mpimbaza, Arthur; Quick, Linda; Ratcliffe, Amy] Makerere Univ, Sch Med, Coll Hlth Sci, Child Hlth & Dev Ctr, Kampala, Uganda. [Filler, Scott] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Wabwire-Mangen, Fred] Makerere Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Coll Hlth Sci, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, Kampala, Uganda. [Chandramohan, Daniel; Staedke, Sarah G.] London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, London WC1, England. RP Mpimbaza, A (reprint author), Uganda Malaria Surveillance Project Kampala, Kampala, Uganda. EM arthurwakg@yahoo.com FU President's Malaria Initiative via the Office of Health, Infectious Diseases, and Nutrition, Bureau for Global Health, U.S. Agency for International Development FX This research was made possible through support provided by the President's Malaria Initiative via the Office of Health, Infectious Diseases, and Nutrition, Bureau for Global Health, U.S. Agency for International Development, under the terms of an Interagency Agreement with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. The opinions expressed herein are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention or the U.S. Agency for International Development. NR 31 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 1 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD OCT 27 PY 2011 VL 6 IS 10 AR e26892 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0026892 PG 8 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 841OJ UT WOS:000296521400042 PM 22046397 ER PT J AU Rainey, JJ Watkins, M Ryman, TK Sandhu, P Bo, A Banerjee, K AF Rainey, Jeanette J. Watkins, Margaret Ryman, Tove K. Sandhu, Paramjit Bo, Anne Banerjee, Kaushik TI Reasons related to non-vaccination and under-vaccination of children in low and middle income countries: Findings from a systematic review of the published literature, 1999-2009 SO VACCINE LA English DT Review DE Routine vaccination; Child health; Low and middle income countries; EPI; Systematic literature review AB Objective: Despite increases in routine vaccination coverage during the past three decades, the percent of children completing the recommended vaccination schedule remains below expected targets in many low and middle income countries. In 2008, the World Health Organization Strategic Advisory Group of Experts on Immunization requested more information on the reasons that children were under-vaccinated (receiving at least one but not all recommended vaccinations) or not vaccinated in order to develop effective strategies and interventions to reach these children. Methods: A systematic review of the peer-reviewed literature published from 1999 to 2009 was conducted to aggregate information on reasons and factors related to the under-vaccination and non-vaccination of children. A standardized form was used to abstract information from relevant articles identified from eight different medical, behavioural and social science literature databases. Findings: Among 202 relevant articles, we abstracted 838 reasons associated with under-vaccination; 379 (45%) were related to immunization systems, 220 (26%) to family characteristics, 181 (22%) to parental attitudes and knowledge, and 58 (7%) to limitations in immunization-related communication and information. Of the 19 reasons abstracted from 11 identified articles describing the non-vaccinated child, 6 (32%) were related to immunization systems, 8 (42%) to parental attitudes and knowledge, 4 (21%) to family characteristics, and 1 (5%) to communication and information. Conclusions: Multiple reasons for under-vaccination and non-vaccination were identified, indicating that a multi-faceted approach is needed to reach under-vaccinated and unvaccinated children. Immunization system issues can be addressed through improving outreach services, vaccine supply, and health worker training; however, under-vaccination and non-vaccination linked to parental attitudes and knowledge are more difficult to address and likely require local interventions. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Rainey, Jeanette J.; Watkins, Margaret; Ryman, Tove K.; Sandhu, Paramjit; Bo, Anne] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global Immunizat Div, Atlanta, GA USA. [Banerjee, Kaushik] WHO, Dept Immunizat Vaccines & Biol, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. RP Rainey, JJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global Immunizat Div, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E-05, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM jkr7@cdc.gov NR 10 TC 62 Z9 63 U1 0 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD OCT 26 PY 2011 VL 29 IS 46 BP 8215 EP 8221 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.08.096 PG 7 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 847QV UT WOS:000296988500008 PM 21893149 ER PT J AU Gee, J Naleway, A Shui, I Baggs, J Yin, RH Li, R Kulldorff, M Lewis, E Fireman, B Daley, MF Klein, NP Weintraub, ES AF Gee, Julianne Naleway, Allison Shui, Irene Baggs, James Yin, Ruihua Li, Rong Kulldorff, Martin Lewis, Edwin Fireman, Bruce Daley, Matthew F. Klein, Nicola P. Weintraub, Eric S. TI Monitoring the safety of quadrivalent human papillomavirus vaccine: Findings from the Vaccine Safety Datalink SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Quadrivalent human papillomavirus vaccine; Vaccine safety; Vaccine Safety Datalink project ID CLINICAL-TRIALS; ADVERSE EVENTS; SURVEILLANCE; ANAPHYLAXIS; RISK; GUIDELINES; COLLECTION AB Background: In 7 large managed care organizations (MCOs), we performed a post-licensure safety assessment of quadrivalent human papillomavirus vaccine (HPV4) among 9-26 year-old female vaccine recipients between August 2006 and October 2009. Methods: Sequential analyses were conducted weekly to detect associations between HPV4 exposure and pre-specified outcomes. The pre-specified outcomes identified by ICD-9 codes using computerized data at the participating MCOs included: Guillan-Barre Syndrome (CBS), stroke, venous thromboembolism (VTE), appendicitis, seizures, syncope, allergic reactions, and anaphylaxis. For rare outcomes, historical background rates were used as the comparison group. For more common outcomes, a concurrent unexposed comparison group was utilized. A standardized review of medical records was conducted for all cases of GBS. VTE, and anaphylaxis. Results: A total of 600,558 HPV4 doses were administered during the study period. We found no statistically significant increased risk for the outcomes studied. However, a non-statistically significant relative risk (RR) for VTE ICD-9 codes following HPV4 vaccination of 1.98 was detected among females age 9-17 years. Medical record review of all 8 vaccinated potential VTE cases in this age group revealed that 5 met the standard case definition for VTE. All 5 confirmed cases had known risk factors for VTE (oral contraceptive use, coagulation disorders, smoking, obesity or prolonged hospitalization). Conclusions: In a study of over 600,000 HPV4 vaccine doses administered, no statistically significant increased risk for any of the pre-specified adverse events after vaccination was detected. Further study of a possible association with VTE following HPV4 vaccination is warranted. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Gee, Julianne; Baggs, James; Weintraub, Eric S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunizat Safety Off, Div Healthcare Qual & Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Naleway, Allison] Kaiser Permanente NW, Ctr Hlth Res, Portland, OR USA. [Shui, Irene; Yin, Ruihua; Li, Rong; Kulldorff, Martin] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Populat Med, Boston, MA USA. [Shui, Irene; Yin, Ruihua; Li, Rong; Kulldorff, Martin] Harvard Pilgrim Hlth Care Inst, Boston, MA USA. [Lewis, Edwin; Fireman, Bruce; Klein, Nicola P.] No Calif Kaiser Permanente, Vaccine Study Ctr, Oakland, CA USA. [Daley, Matthew F.] Kaiser Permanente Colorado, Inst Hlth Res, Denver, CO USA. RP Gee, J (reprint author), CDC, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS-D26, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM jgee@cdc.gov OI Naleway, Allison/0000-0001-5747-4643; Kulldorff, Martin/0000-0002-5284-2993; Baggs, James/0000-0003-0757-4683 FU Vaccine Safety Surveillance and Assessment [200-2002-00732]; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; GlaxoSmithKline; Merck Co.; Sanofi Pasteur; Wyeth (Pfizer); Novartis; Medlmmune (now AstraZeneca) FX This study was supported through the Vaccine Safety Surveillance and Assessment Projects contract (200-2002-00732) with America's Health Insurance Plans, funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. We thank Lauri Markowitz MD, Barbara Slade MD, Jerry Tokars MD, MPH and Claudia Vellozzi MD, MPH for their technical guidance and editorial assistance. We acknowledge the excellent work of the Vaccine Safety Datalink team who provided data management, programming, medical record review and project management for the study.; Dr. Klein has received research support from GlaxoSmithKline, Merck & Co., Sanofi Pasteur, Wyeth (Pfizer), and Novartis; Dr. Naleway has received funding from GlaxoSmithKline for a study of cervical procedures; Mr. Lewis in the past 3 years has worked on grants funded by Merck & Co., Wyeth (Pfizer), Novartis, Sanofi Pasteur, GlaxoSmithKline, and Medlmmune (now AstraZeneca). The other authors have indicated they have no financial conflicts of interest. NR 30 TC 101 Z9 101 U1 1 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD OCT 26 PY 2011 VL 29 IS 46 BP 8279 EP 8284 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.08.106 PG 6 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 847QV UT WOS:000296988500016 PM 21907257 ER PT J AU Williams, SE Pahud, BA Vellozzi, C Donofrio, PD Dekker, CL Halsey, N Klein, NP Baxter, RP Marchant, CD LaRussa, PS Barnett, ED Tokars, JI McGeeney, BE Sparks, RC Aukes, LL Jakob, K Coronel, S Sejvar, JJ Slade, BA Edwards, KM AF Williams, S. Elizabeth Pahud, Barbara A. Vellozzi, Claudia Donofrio, Peter D. Dekker, Cornelia L. Halsey, Neal Klein, Nicola P. Baxter, Roger P. Marchant, Colin D. LaRussa, Philip S. Barnett, Elizabeth D. Tokars, Jerome I. McGeeney, Brian E. Sparks, Robert C. Aukes, Laurie L. Jakob, Kathleen Coronel, Silvia Sejvar, James J. Slade, Barbara A. Edwards, Kathryn M. TI Causality assessment of serious neurologic adverse events following 2009 H1N1 vaccination SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Adverse event following immunization; H1N1 vaccine; Causality assessment ID GUILLAIN-BARRE-SYNDROME; HEALTH-CARE WORKERS; INFLUENZA-IMMUNIZATION; REPORTING SYSTEM; BACKGROUND RATES; UNITED-STATES; SAFETY; VACCINES; PATHOGENESIS; ATTITUDES AB Background: Adverse events occurring after vaccination are routinely reported to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS). We studied serious adverse events (SAEs) of a neurologic nature reported after receipt of influenza A (HI NI) 2009 monovalent vaccine during the 2009-2010 influenza season. Investigators in the Clinical Immunization Safety Assessment (CISA) network sought to characterize these SAEs and to assess their possible causal relationship to vaccination. Methods: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and Food and Drug Administration (FDA) physicians reviewed all SAE reports (as defined by the Code of Federal Regulations, 21CFR 314.80) after receipt of H1N1 vaccine reported to VAERS between October 1, 2009 and March 31, 2010. Non-fatal SAE reports with neurologic presentation were referred to CISA investigators, who requested and reviewed additional medical records and clinical information as available. CISA investigators assessed the causal relationship between vaccination and the event using modified WHO criteria as defined. Results: 212 VAERS reports of non-fatal serious neurological events were referred for CISA review. Case reports were equally distributed by gender (50.9% female) with an age range of 6 months to 83 years (median 38 years). The most frequent diagnoses reviewed were: Guillain-Barre Syndrome (37.3%), seizures (10.8%), cranial neuropathy (5.7%), and acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (3.8%). Causality assessment resulted in classification of 72 events as "possibly" related (33%), 108 as "unlikely" related (51%), and 20 as "unrelated" (9%) to H1N1 vaccination; none were classified as "probable" or "definite" and 12 were unclassifiable (6%). Conclusion: The absence of a specific test to indicate whether a vaccine component contributes to the pathogenesis of an event occurring within a biologically plausible time period makes assessing causality difficult. The development of standardized protocols for providers to use in evaluation of adverse events following immunization, and rapid identification and follow-up of VAERS reports could improve causality assessment. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Williams, S. Elizabeth; Donofrio, Peter D.; Sparks, Robert C.; Edwards, Kathryn M.] Vanderbilt Univ, Med Ctr, Vanderbilt Vaccine Res Program, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. [Pahud, Barbara A.; Dekker, Cornelia L.] Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Div Pediat Infect Dis, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Vellozzi, Claudia; Tokars, Jerome I.; Sejvar, James J.; Slade, Barbara A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Clin Immunizat Safety Assessment CISA Network, Immunizat Safety Off, DHQP,NCEZID,OID, Atlanta, GA USA. [Halsey, Neal] Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Int Hlth, Dis Prevent & Control Program, Baltimore, MD USA. [Klein, Nicola P.; Baxter, Roger P.; Aukes, Laurie L.] Kaiser Permanente Vaccine Study Ctr, Oakland, CA USA. [Marchant, Colin D.; Barnett, Elizabeth D.; McGeeney, Brian E.; Coronel, Silvia] Boston Med Ctr, Boston, MA USA. [LaRussa, Philip S.; Jakob, Kathleen] Columbia Univ, Med Ctr, Div Pediat Infect Dis, New York, NY USA. RP Williams, SE (reprint author), Vanderbilt Univ, Med Ctr, Vanderbilt Vaccine Res Program, 1161 21st Ave So,CCC 5323 MCN, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. EM elizabeth.williams@vanderbilt.edu OI Barnett, Elizabeth/0000-0003-4822-5949 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) [200-2002-00732] FX We would like to acknowledge the assistance of the following individuals for their support in this effort: Susan Swope, Dr. Rosanna Setse, Virginia Frontiero, Howard Choi, Dr. Nandini Bakshi, and Mari Griffioen. We would also like to acknowledge the contributions of the Vaccine Healthcare Centers Network, including Dr. Jay Montgomery, Dr. Limone Collins and Dr. Renata Engler. This work was supported by the Clinical Immunization and Safety Assessment (CISA) network through a subcontract with America's Health Insurance Plans (AHIP) under contract 200-2002-00732 from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). NR 29 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD OCT 26 PY 2011 VL 29 IS 46 BP 8302 EP 8308 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.08.093 PG 7 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 847QV UT WOS:000296988500019 PM 21893148 ER PT J AU Chesson, HW Ekwueme, DU Saraiya, M Dunne, EF Markowitz, LE AF Chesson, Harrell W. Ekwueme, Donatus U. Saraiya, Mona Dunne, Eileen F. Markowitz, Lauri E. TI The cost-effectiveness of male HPV vaccination in the United States SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Human papillomavirus; Cost-effectiveness analysis; Disease transmission models; Vaccines ID HUMAN-PAPILLOMAVIRUS VACCINATION; RECURRENT RESPIRATORY PAPILLOMATOSIS; AGED 13-17 YEARS; ECONOMIC-EVALUATION; PARTICLE VACCINE; QUADRIVALENT VACCINE; OVERCOMING BARRIERS; POTENTIAL HEALTH; IMPACT; COVERAGE AB Introduction: The objective of this study was to estimate the cost-effectiveness of adding human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination of 12-year-old males to a female-only vaccination program for ages 12-26 years in the United States. Methods: We used a simplified model of HPV transmission to estimate the reduction in the health and economic burden of HPV-associated diseases in males and females as a result of HPV vaccination. Estimates of the incidence, cost-per-case, and quality-of-life impact of HPV-associated health outcomes were based on the literature. The HPV-associated outcomes included were: cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN); genital warts; juvenile-onset recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (RRP): and cervical, vaginal, vulvar, anal, oropharyngeal, and penile cancers. Results: The cost-effectiveness of male vaccination depended on vaccine coverage of females. When including all HPV-associated outcomes in the analysis, the incremental cost per quality-adjusted life year (QALY) gained by adding male vaccination to a female-only vaccination program was $23,600 in the lower female coverage scenario (20% coverage at age 12 years) and $184,300 in the higher female coverage scenario (75% coverage at age 12 years). The cost-effectiveness of male vaccination appeared less favorable when compared to a strategy of increased female vaccination coverage. For example, we found that increasing coverage of 12-year-old girls would be more cost-effective than adding male vaccination even if the increased female vaccination strategy incurred program costs of $350 per additional girl vaccinated. Conclusions: HPV vaccination of 12-year-old males might potentially be cost-effective, particularly if female HPV vaccination coverage is low and if all potential health benefits of HPV vaccination are included in the analysis. However, increasing female coverage could be a more efficient strategy than male vaccination for reducing the overall health burden of HPV in the population. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Chesson, Harrell W.; Dunne, Eileen F.; Markowitz, Lauri E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Ekwueme, Donatus U.; Saraiya, Mona] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Chesson, HW (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Mail Stop E-80,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM HChesson@cdc.gov NR 38 TC 79 Z9 81 U1 5 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD OCT 26 PY 2011 VL 29 IS 46 BP 8443 EP 8450 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.07.096 PG 8 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 847QV UT WOS:000296988500037 PM 21816193 ER PT J AU Malisa, AL Pearce, RJ Mutayoba, BM Abdullah, S Mshinda, H Kachur, PS Bloland, P Roper, C AF Malisa, Allen L. Pearce, Richard J. Mutayoba, Ben M. Abdullah, Salim Mshinda, Hassan Kachur, Patrick S. Bloland, Peter Roper, Cally TI The evolution of pyrimethamine resistant dhfr in Plasmodium falciparum of south-eastern Tanzania: comparing selection under SP alone vs SP plus artesunate combination SO MALARIA JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Evolution; pyrimethamine resistance; microsatellites; combination therapy ID THYMIDYLATE SYNTHASE GENE; DIHYDROFOLATE-REDUCTASE; SULFADOXINE-PYRIMETHAMINE; DIHYDROPTEROATE SYNTHASE; DRUG-RESISTANCE; MALARIA PARASITES; TREATMENT FAILURE; SEQUENCE-ANALYSIS; TREATMENT POLICY; POINT MUTATIONS AB Background: Sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) resistance is now widespread throughout east and southern Africa and artemisinin compounds in combination with synthetic drugs (ACT) are recommended as replacement treatments by the World Health Organization (WHO). As well as high cure rates, ACT has been shown to slow the development of resistance to the partner drug in areas of low to moderate transmission. This study looked for evidence of protection of the partner drug in a high transmission African context. The evaluation was part of large combination therapy pilot implementation programme in Tanzania, the Interdisciplinary Monitoring Programme for Antimalarial Combination Therapy (IMPACT-TZ) Methods: The growth of resistant dhfr in a parasite population where SP Monotherapy was the first-line treatment was measured for four years (2002-2006), and compared with the development of resistant dhfr in a neighbouring population where SP + artesunate (SP+AS) was used as the first-line treatment during the same interval. The effect of the differing treatment regimes on the emergence of resistance was addressed in three ways. First, by looking at the rate of increase in frequency of pre-existing mutant dhfr alleles under monotherapy and combination therapy. Second, by examining whether de-novo mutant alleles emerged under either treatment. Finally, by measuring diversity at three dhfr flanking microsatellite loci upstream of the dhfr gene. Results: The reduction in SP selection pressure resulting from the adoption of ACT slowed the rate of increase in the frequency of the triple mutant resistant dhfr allele. Comparing between the two populations, the higher levels of genetic diversity in sequence flanking the dhfr triple mutant allele in the population where the ACT regimen had been used indicates the reduction in SP selection pressure arising from combination therapy. Conclusion: The study demonstrated that, alleles containing two mutations at the dhfr have arisen at least four times independently while those containing triple mutant dhfr arose only once, and were found carrying a single unique Asian-type flanking sequence, which apparently drives the spread of pyrimethamine resistance associated dhfr alleles in east Africa. SP+AS is not recommended for use in areas where SP cure rates are less than 80% but this study reports an observed principle of combination protection from an area where pyrimethamine resistance was already high. C1 [Malisa, Allen L.] Sokoine Univ Agr SUA, Dept Biol Sci, Fac Sci, Morogoro, Tanzania. [Malisa, Allen L.; Abdullah, Salim; Mshinda, Hassan] Ifakara Hlth Inst IHI, Morogoro, Tanzania. [Pearce, Richard J.; Roper, Cally] Univ London London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, Dept Infect Trop Dis, Pathogen Mol Biol Unit, London WC1E 7HT, England. [Mutayoba, Ben M.] Sokoine Univ Agr SUA, Dept Vet Physiol Biochem Pharmacol & Toxicol, Fac Vet Med, Morogoro, Tanzania. [Kachur, Patrick S.; Bloland, Peter] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Malaria Epidemiol Branch, Div Parasit Dis, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Malisa, AL (reprint author), Sokoine Univ Agr SUA, Dept Biol Sci, Fac Sci, Box 3038, Morogoro, Tanzania. EM amalisa@suanet.ac.tz RI Roper, Cally/K-2989-2013 OI Roper, Cally/0000-0002-6545-309X FU USAID; CDC; Wellcome Trust [060714] FX The authors are grateful to all people who participated in the prevalence surveys in Kilombero, Ulanga and Rufiji districts. The Interdisciplinary Monitoring Project for Antimalarial Combination Therapy in Tanzania (IMPACT-Tz) is funded by USAID, CDC, and Wellcome Trust. The co-Principal Investigators are Salim Abdulla and Peter Bloland. Cally Roper and Richard Pearce are supported by a Wellcome Trust Fellowship (ref 060714) awarded to CR. The authors also thank the staff who carried out the cross sectional surveys and the support staff of IHI. The sponsors of this study had no role in study design, data collection, data analysis, data interpretation, or writing of the report. NR 42 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1475-2875 J9 MALARIA J JI Malar. J. PD OCT 26 PY 2011 VL 10 AR 317 DI 10.1186/1475-2875-10-317 PG 13 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA 845UW UT WOS:000296850100001 PM 22029848 ER PT J AU Laeyendecker, O Latimore, A Eshleman, SH Summerton, J Oliver, AE Gamiel, J Dobbs, T Mei, J Murphy, G Parry, JV Owen, SM Quinn, TC AF Laeyendecker, Oliver Latimore, Amanda Eshleman, Susan H. Summerton, Jean Oliver, Amy E. Gamiel, Jordyn Dobbs, Trudy Mei, Joanne Murphy, Gary Parry, John V. Owen, S. Michele Quinn, Thomas C. TI The Effect of Sample Handling on Cross Sectional HIV Incidence Testing Results SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID PERFORMANCE-CHARACTERISTICS; ENZYME-IMMUNOASSAY; INFECTION AB Objective(s): To determine if mishandling prior to testing would make a sample from a chronically infected subject appear recently infected when tested by cross-sectional HIV incidence assays. Methods: Serum samples from 31 subjects with chronic HIV infection were tested. Samples were subjected to different handling conditions, including incubation at 4 degrees C, 25 degrees C and 37 degrees C, for 1, 3, 7 or 15 days prior to testing. Samples were also subjected to 1,3, 7 and 15 freeze-thaw cycles prior to testing. Samples were tested using the BED capture enzyme immuno assay (BED-CEIA), Vironostika-less sensitive (V-LS), and an avidity assay using the Genetic Systems HIV-1/HIV-2 plus O EIA (avidity assay). Results: Compared to the sample that was not subjected to any mishandling conditions, for the BED-CEIA, V-LS and avidity assay, there was no significant change in test results for samples incubated at 4 degrees C or 25 degrees C prior to testing. No impact on test results occurred after 15 freeze-thaw cycles. A decrease in assay results was observed when samples were held for 3 days or longer at 37 degrees C prior to testing. Conclusions: Samples can be subjected up to 15 freeze-thaw cycles without affecting the results the BED-CEIA, Vironostika-LS, or avidity assays. Storing samples at 4 degrees C or 25 degrees C for up to fifteen days prior to testing had no impact on test results. However, storing samples at 37 degrees C for three or more days did affect results obtained with these assays. C1 [Laeyendecker, Oliver; Quinn, Thomas C.] NIAID, Immunoregulat Lab, NIH, Baltimore, MD USA. [Laeyendecker, Oliver; Summerton, Jean; Oliver, Amy E.; Gamiel, Jordyn; Quinn, Thomas C.] Johns Hopkins Univ Sch Med, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, Baltimore, MD USA. [Latimore, Amanda] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Baltimore, MD USA. [Eshleman, Susan H.] Johns Hopkins Univ Sch Med, Dept Pathol, Baltimore, MD USA. [Dobbs, Trudy] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global AIDS Program, Int Lab Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Mei, Joanne] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Newborn Screening Qual Assurance Program, Atlanta, GA USA. [Murphy, Gary; Parry, John V.] Hlth Protect Agcy, Microbiol Serv, London, England. [Owen, S. Michele] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Laeyendecker, O (reprint author), NIAID, Immunoregulat Lab, NIH, Baltimore, MD USA. EM olaeyen1@jhmi.edu RI Laeyendecker, Oliver/B-9331-2009; OI Laeyendecker, Oliver/0000-0002-6429-4760 FU U.S. National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID); National Institutes of Health (NIH) [R01-DA11602]; Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS) [N01-AI-35173]; Family Health International [contract N01-AI-45200]; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center; Makerere University [NOI-AI-35173-417]; NIAID; National Institutes of Child Health and Human Development (NICH/HD); National Institute on Drug Abuse; National Institute of Mental Health; Office of AIDS Research, of the NIH, DHHS [1UM1AI068613]; Division of Intramural Research, NIAID, NIH; HIV Network for Prevention Trials (HIVNET) FX This work was supported by the HIV Network for Prevention Trials (HIVNET) and sponsored by the U.S. National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS), through contract N01-AI-35173 with Family Health International, contract N01-AI-45200 with Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, and subcontracts with Makerere University (NOI-AI-35173-417), (2) the HIV Prevention Trials Network (HPTN) sponsored by the NIAID, National Institutes of Child Health and Human Development (NICH/HD), National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institute of Mental Health, and Office of AIDS Research, of the NIH, DHHS (1UM1AI068613). Additional support was provided in part by the Division of Intramural Research, NIAID, NIH. Samples and data from Baltimore were supplied by Jeanne Keruly and Dr. Richard Moore, supported by NIH grant R01-DA11602. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 12 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD OCT 26 PY 2011 VL 6 IS 10 AR e25899 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0025899 PG 5 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 841NR UT WOS:000296519600007 PM 22046249 ER PT J AU Henley, SJ Eheman, CR Richardson, LC Plescia, M Asman, KJ Dube, SR Caraballo, RS McAfee, TA AF Henley, S. Jane Eheman, Christie R. Richardson, Lisa C. Plescia, Marcus Asman, Kat J. Dube, Shanta R. Caraballo, Ralph S. McAfee, Timothy A. TI State-Specific Trends in Lung Cancer Incidence and Smoking-United States, 1999-2008 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 60, pg 1243-1247, 2011) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint C1 [Henley, S. Jane; Eheman, Christie R.; Richardson, Lisa C.; Plescia, Marcus] Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA USA. [Asman, Kat J.; Dube, Shanta R.; Caraballo, Ralph S.; McAfee, Timothy A.] CDC, Off Smoking & Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Henley, SJ (reprint author), Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA USA. EM shen-ley@cdc.gov NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD OCT 26 PY 2011 VL 306 IS 16 BP 1753 EP 1756 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 837HH UT WOS:000296181600010 ER PT J AU Strick, LB MacGowan, RJ Margolis, A Belcher, L AF Strick, Lara B. MacGowan, Robin J. Margolis, Andrew Belcher, Lisa TI HIV Screening of Male Inmates During Prison Intake Medical Evaluation-Washington, 2006-2010 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 60, pg 811-813, 2011) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint C1 [MacGowan, Robin J.; Margolis, Andrew; Belcher, Lisa] CDC, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Strick, Lara B.] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Strick, Lara B.] Washington State Dept Correct, Washington, DC USA. RP MacGowan, RJ (reprint author), CDC, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM rmacgowan@cdc.gov NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD OCT 26 PY 2011 VL 306 IS 16 BP 1756 EP 1757 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 837HH UT WOS:000296181600011 ER PT J AU Mooty, M Durra, I Rea, V Snyder, P Sears, SD Ball, LB MacNeil, A Campbell, S Kocher, G Stroher, U Rollin, PE Nichol, ST Manning, SE AF Mooty, Mohamad Durra, Imad Rea, Vicki Snyder, Patricia Sears, Stephen D. Ball, Lauren B. MacNeil, Adam Campbell, Shelley Kocher, Gregory Stroeher, Ute Rollin, Pierre E. Nichol, Stuart T. Manning, Susan E. TI Notes From the Field: Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome-Maine, April 2011 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 60, pg 786, 2011) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint C1 [Manning, Susan E.] CDC, Career Epidemiol Field Officer Program, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Mooty, Mohamad; Durra, Imad] Eastern Maine Med Ctr, Div Infect Dis, Bangor, Gwynedd, Wales. RP Manning, SE (reprint author), CDC, Career Epidemiol Field Officer Program, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM susan.manning@maine.gov NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD OCT 26 PY 2011 VL 306 IS 16 BP 1758 EP 1758 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 837HH UT WOS:000296181600012 ER PT J AU Barlow, PG Svoboda, P Mackellar, A Nash, AA York, IA Pohl, J Davidson, DJ Donis, RO AF Barlow, Peter G. Svoboda, Pavel Mackellar, Annie Nash, Anthony A. York, Ian A. Pohl, Jan Davidson, Donald J. Donis, Ruben O. TI Antiviral Activity and Increased Host Defense against Influenza Infection Elicited by the Human Cathelicidin LL-37 SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID ANTIMICROBIAL PEPTIDE LL-37; INVASIVE BACTERIAL-INFECTION; HERPES-SIMPLEX-VIRUS; INNATE IMMUNITY; ANTIBACTERIAL PEPTIDES; HUMAN MACROPHAGES; EPITHELIAL-CELLS; NS1 PROTEIN; VITAMIN-D; A VIRUS AB The extensive world-wide morbidity and mortality caused by influenza A viruses highlights the need for new insights into the host immune response and novel treatment approaches. Cationic Host Defense Peptides (CHDP, also known as antimicrobial peptides), which include cathelicidins and defensins, are key components of the innate immune system that are upregulated during infection and inflammation. Cathelicidins have immunomodulatory and anti-viral effects, but their impact on influenza virus infection has not been previously assessed. We therefore evaluated the effect of cathelicidin peptides on disease caused by influenza A virus in mice. The human cathelicidin, LL-37, and the murine cathelicidin, mCRAMP, demonstrated significant anti-viral activity in vivo, reducing disease severity and viral replication in infected mice to a similar extent as the well-characterized influenza virus-specific antiviral drug zanamivir. In vitro and in vivo experiments suggested that the peptides may act directly on the influenza virion rather than via receptor-based mechanisms. Influenza virus-infected mice treated with LL-37 had lower concentrations of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the lung than did infected animals that had not been treated with cathelicidin peptides. These data suggest that treatment of influenza-infected individuals with cathelicidin-derived therapeutics, or modulation of endogenous cathelicidin production may provide significant protection against disease. C1 [Barlow, Peter G.; York, Ian A.; Donis, Ruben O.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA USA. [Svoboda, Pavel; Pohl, Jan] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Biotechnol Core Facil Branch, Div Sci Resources, Atlanta, GA USA. [Mackellar, Annie; Davidson, Donald J.] Univ Edinburgh, MRC, Ctr Inflammat Res, Queens Med Res Inst, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland. [Nash, Anthony A.] Univ Edinburgh, Roslin Inst, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland. [Nash, Anthony A.] Univ Edinburgh, Ctr Infect Dis, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland. RP Barlow, PG (reprint author), Edinburgh Napier Univ, Sch Life Sport & Social Sci, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland. EM rdonis@cdc.gov OI York, Ian/0000-0002-3478-3344; Barlow, Peter/0000-0002-6516-9312 FU Norman Salvesen Emphysema Research Trust; Medical Research Council [G1002046] FX Funding: Part of this work was funded by the Norman Salvesen Emphysema Research Trust, and DD is funded by a Medical Research Council Senior Non Clinical Fellow (G1002046). No additional external funding was received for this study. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 62 TC 61 Z9 63 U1 0 U2 24 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD OCT 21 PY 2011 VL 6 IS 10 AR e25333 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0025333 PG 9 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 841LG UT WOS:000296513200002 PM 22031815 ER PT J AU Hicks, LA Garrison, LE Nelson, GE Hampton, LM AF Hicks, Lauri A. Garrison, Laurel E. Nelson, George E. Hampton, Lee M. TI Legionellosis-United States, 2000-2009 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 60, pg 1083-1086, 2011) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint C1 [Nelson, George E.; Hampton, Lee M.] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Hampton, LM (reprint author), CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM lhampton@cdc.gov NR 1 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD OCT 19 PY 2011 VL 306 IS 15 BP 1645 EP 1647 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 834MA UT WOS:000295963200009 ER PT J AU Harris, KM Uscher-Pines, L Black, CL Euler, GL Singleton, JA Lindley, MC MacCannell, TF AF Harris, Katherine M. Uscher-Pines, Lori Black, Carla L. Euler, Gary L. Singleton, James A. Lindley, Megan C. MacCannell, Taranisia F. TI Influenza Vaccination Coverage Among Health-Care Personnel-United States, 2010-11 Influenza Season (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 60, pg 1073-1077, 2011) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint ID WORKERS C1 [Harris, Katherine M.; Uscher-Pines, Lori] RAND Corp, Arlington, VA USA. [MacCannell, Taranisia F.] CDC, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Natl Ctr Preparedness Detect & Control Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM cblack2@cdc.gov NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD OCT 19 PY 2011 VL 306 IS 15 BP 1648 EP 1650 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 834MA UT WOS:000295963200011 ER PT J AU Hellinger, WC Rosser, BG Keaveny, AP Alcantara, R Zaheer, S Kay, R Pringle, S Stump, K Schlessinger, S Richardson, G Anderson, J Byers, P Crist, M Frost, BA Kainer, MA Killackey, MT Caruso, AM Balart, LA Hachem, R Turabelidze, G AF Hellinger, Walter C. Rosser, Barry G. Keaveny, Andrew P. Alcantara, Rebecca Zaheer, Saad Kay, Robyn Pringle, Scott Stump, Kevin Schlessinger, Shirley Richardson, Greg Anderson, Jannifer Byers, Paul Crist, Matthew Frost, Beth A. Kainer, Marion A. Killackey, Mary T. Caruso, Amanda M. Balart, Luis A. Hachem, Rasmey Turabelidze, George TI Notes From the Field: Transplant-Transmitted Hepatitis B Virus-United States, 2010 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 60, pg 1087, 2011) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint C1 [Hellinger, Walter C.; Rosser, Barry G.; Keaveny, Andrew P.] Mayo Clin, Jacksonville, FL USA. [Richardson, Greg] Barnes Jewish Hosp, St Louis, MO 63110 USA. [Killackey, Mary T.; Caruso, Amanda M.; Balart, Luis A.] Tulane Univ, Hlth Sci Ctr, New Orleans, LA 70118 USA. [Hachem, Rasmey] Washington Univ, Sch Medicine, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. [Turabelidze, George] CDC, Div Viral Hepatitis, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD OCT 19 PY 2011 VL 306 IS 15 BP 1648 EP 1648 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 834MA UT WOS:000295963200010 ER PT J AU Zhang, XJ Shinde, S Kilmarx, PH Chen, RT Cox, S Warner, L Owings, M El Bcheraoui, C AF Zhang, Xinjian Shinde, Sanjyot Kilmarx, Peter H. Chen, Robert T. Cox, Shanna Warner, Lee Owings, Maria El Bcheraoui, Charbel TI Trends in In-Hospital Newborn Male Circumcision-United States, 1999-2010 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 60, pg 1167-1168, 2011) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint ID HIV PREVENTION; TRIAL; MEN C1 [El Bcheraoui, Charbel] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP El Bcheraoui, C (reprint author), CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM celbcheraoui@cdc.gov NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD OCT 19 PY 2011 VL 306 IS 15 BP 1651 EP 1651 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 834MA UT WOS:000295963200012 ER PT J AU Glass, RI Patel, M Parashar, U AF Glass, Roger I. Patel, Manish Parashar, Umesh TI Lessons From the US Rotavirus Vaccination Program SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Editorial Material ID UNITED-STATES; CHILDREN; GASTROENTERITIS; DISEASE; MEXICO C1 [Patel, Manish; Parashar, Umesh] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Glass, Roger I.] NIH, Fogarty Int Ctr, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Patel, M (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS A34, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM mpatel@cdc.gov NR 10 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 330 N WABASH AVE, STE 39300, CHICAGO, IL 60611-5885 USA SN 0098-7484 EI 1538-3598 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD OCT 19 PY 2011 VL 306 IS 15 BP 1701 EP 1702 DI 10.1001/jama.2011.1475 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 834MA UT WOS:000295963200030 PM 22009102 ER PT J AU Terilli, RR Moura, H Woolfitt, AR Rees, J Schieltz, DM Barr, JR AF Terilli, Rebecca R. Moura, Hercules Woolfitt, Adrian R. Rees, Jon Schieltz, David M. Barr, John R. TI A historical and proteomic analysis of botulinum neurotoxin type/G SO BMC MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ARGENTINENSE TYPE-G; TOXIN TYPE-G; CLOSTRIDIUM-BOTULINUM; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; STATISTICAL-MODEL; LC-MS/MS; GENES; IDENTIFICATION; STRAINS; COMPLEX AB Background: Clostridium botulinum is the taxonomic designation for at least six diverse species that produce botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs). There are seven known serotypes of BoNTs (/A through/G), all of which are potent toxins classified as category A bioterrorism agents. BoNT/G is the least studied of the seven serotypes. In an effort to further characterize the holotoxin and neurotoxin-associated proteins (NAPs), we conducted an in silico and proteomic analysis of commercial BoNT/G complex. We describe the relative quantification of the proteins present in the/G complex and confirm our ability to detect the toxin activity in vitro. In addition, we review previous literature to provide a complete description of the BoNT/G complex. Results: An in-depth comparison of protein sequences indicated that BoNT/G shares the most sequence similarity with the/B serotype. A temperature-modified Endopep-MS activity assay was successful in the detection of BoNT/G activity. Gel electrophoresis and in gel digestions, followed by MS/MS analysis of/G complex, revealed the presence of four proteins in the complexes: neurotoxin (BoNT) and three NAPs-nontoxic-nonhemagglutinin (NTNH) and two hemagglutinins (HA70 and HA17). Rapid high-temperature in-solution tryptic digestions, coupled with MS/MS analysis, generated higher than previously reported sequence coverages for all proteins associated with the complex: BoNT 66%, NTNH 57%, HA70 91%, and HA17 99%. Label-free relative quantification determined that the complex contains 30% BoNT, 38% NTNH, 28% HA70, and 4% HA17 by weight comparison and 17% BoNT, 23% NTNH, 42% HA70, and 17% HA17 by molecular comparison. Conclusions: The in silico protein sequence comparisons established that the/G complex is phenetically related to the other six serotypes of C. botulinum. Proteomic analyses and Endopep-MS confirmed the presence of BoNT and NAPs, along with the activity of the commercial/G complex. The use of data-independent MS(E) data analysis, coupled to label-free quantification software, suggested that the weight ratio BoNT:NAPs is 1:3, whereas the molar ratio of BoNT:NTNH:HA70:HA17 is 1:1:2:1, within the BoNT/G progenitor toxin. C1 [Terilli, Rebecca R.; Moura, Hercules; Woolfitt, Adrian R.; Rees, Jon; Schieltz, David M.; Barr, John R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Div Sci Lab, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Terilli, Rebecca R.] Associat Publ Hlth Labs, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. [Terilli, Rebecca R.] Oak Ridge Inst Sci Educ, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Barr, JR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Div Sci Lab, 4770 Buford Hwy NE, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM jbarr@cdc.gov FU appointment to the Research Participation Program at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; appointment to the Emerging Infectious diseases (EID) fellowship program FX The authors want to thank the members of the Biological Mass Spectrometry Laboratory at the National Center for Environmental Health, CDC for helpful discussions. This research was supported in part by an appointment to the Research Participation Program at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an interagency agreement between the U.S. Department of Energy and CDC.; In addition, this research was also supported in part by an appointment to the Emerging Infectious diseases (EID) fellowship program administered by the Association of Public Health Laboratories (APHL) and funded by the CDC. NR 32 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 13 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2180 J9 BMC MICROBIOL JI BMC Microbiol. PD OCT 18 PY 2011 VL 11 AR 232 DI 10.1186/1471-2180-11-232 PG 12 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 847JZ UT WOS:000296970500001 PM 22008244 ER PT J AU Herwaldt, BL Linden, JV Bosserman, E Young, C Olkowska, D Wilson, M AF Herwaldt, Barbara L. Linden, Jeanne V. Bosserman, Elizabeth Young, Carolyn Olkowska, Danuta Wilson, Marianna TI Transfusion-Associated Babesiosis in the United States: A Description of Cases SO ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID TRANSMITTED BABESIOSIS; BLOOD-TRANSFUSION; WASHINGTON-STATE; ACQUIRED BABESIOSIS; TRANSMISSION; MICROTI; DISEASE; INFANT; TRANSPLANT; CALIFORNIA AB Background: Babesiosis is a potentially life-threatening disease caused by intraerythrocytic parasites, which usually are tickborne but also are transmissible by transfusion. Tickborne transmission of Babesia microti mainly occurs in 7 states in the Northeast and the upper Midwest of the United States. No Babesia test for screening blood donors has been licensed. Objective: To ascertain and summarize data on U. S. transfusion-associated Babesia cases identified since the first described case in 1979. Design: Case series. Setting: United States. Patients: Case patients were transfused during 1979-2009 and had posttransfusion Babesia infection diagnosed by 2010, without reported evidence that another transmission route was more likely than transfusion. Implicated donors had laboratory evidence of infection. Potential cases were excluded if all pertinent donors tested negative. Measurements: Distributions of ascertained cases according to Babesia species and period and state of transfusion. Results: 159 transfusion-associated B. microti cases were included; donors were implicated for 136 (86%). The case patients' median age was 65 years (range, <1 to 94 years). Most cases were associated with red blood cell components; 4 were linked to whole blood-derived platelets. Cases occurred in all 4 seasons and in 22 (of 31) years, but 77% (122 cases) occurred during 2000-2009. Cases occurred in 19 states, but 87% (138 cases) were in the 7 main B. microti-endemic states. In addition, 3 B. duncani cases were documented in western states. Limitation: The extent to which cases were not diagnosed, investigated, reported, or ascertained is unknown. Conclusion: Donor-screening strategies that mitigate the risk for transfusion transmission are needed. Babesiosis should be included in the differential diagnosis of unexplained posttransfusion hemolytic anemia or fever, regardless of the season or U. S. region. C1 [Herwaldt, Barbara L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. New York State Dept Hlth, Wadsworth Ctr, Albany, NY USA. Rhode Isl Blood Ctr, Providence, RI USA. RP Herwaldt, BL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop A06, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM bherwaldt@cdc.gov NR 51 TC 90 Z9 96 U1 2 U2 13 PU AMER COLL PHYSICIANS PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE MALL WEST 6TH AND RACE ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-1572 USA SN 0003-4819 EI 1539-3704 J9 ANN INTERN MED JI Ann. Intern. Med. PD OCT 18 PY 2011 VL 155 IS 8 BP 509 EP U83 DI 10.7326/0003-4819-155-8-201110180-00362 PG 12 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 835WB UT WOS:000296066300016 PM 21893613 ER PT J AU Pan, LP Freedman, DS Gillespie, C Park, S Sherry, B AF Pan, Liping Freedman, David S. Gillespie, Cathleen Park, Sohyun Sherry, Bettylou TI Incidences of obesity and extreme obesity among US adults: findings from the 2009 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System SO POPULATION HEALTH METRICS LA English DT Article DE Body Mass Index; Obesity; Incidence; Risk Prediction ID BODY-MASS INDEX; NUTRITION EXAMINATION SURVEY; MAJOR WEIGHT-GAIN; NATIONAL-HEALTH; ALCOHOL INTAKE; UNITED-STATES; OLDER WOMEN; OVERWEIGHT; PREVALENCE; TRENDS AB Background: No recent national studies have provided incidence data for obesity, nor have they examined the association between incidence and selected risk factors. The purpose of this study is to examine the incidence of obesity (body mass index [BMI] >= 30.0 kg/m(2)) and extreme obesity (BMI >= 40.0 kg/m(2)) among US adults and to determine variations across socio-demographic characteristics and behavioral factors. Methods: We used a weighted sample of 401,587 US adults from the 2009 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System. Incidence calculations were based on respondent's height and current and previous weights. Logistic regression was used to examine associations between incidence and selected socio-demographic characteristics and behavioral factors. Results: The overall crude incidences of obesity and extreme obesity in 2009 were 4% and 0.7% per year, respectively. In our multivariable analyses that controlled for baseline body mass index, the incidences of obesity and extreme obesity decreased significantly with increasing levels of education. Incidences were significantly higher among young adults, women, and adults who did not participate in any leisure-time physical activity. Incidence was lowest among non-Hispanic whites. Conclusions: The high incidence of obesity underscores the importance of implementing effective policy and environmental strategies in the general population. Given the significant variations in incidence within the subgroups, public health officials should prioritize younger adults, women, minorities, and adults with lower education as the targets for these efforts. C1 [Pan, Liping; Freedman, David S.; Park, Sohyun; Sherry, Bettylou] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Gillespie, Cathleen] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Heart Dis & Stroke Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Pan, LP (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM Lpan@cdc.gov OI Gillespie, Cathleen/0000-0003-1878-1055 NR 31 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 7 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1478-7954 J9 POPUL HEALTH METR JI Popul. Health Metr. PD OCT 17 PY 2011 VL 9 AR 56 DI 10.1186/1478-7954-9-56 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 891MG UT WOS:000300220600001 PM 22004984 ER PT J AU Nahid, P Saukkonen, J Mac Kenzie, WR Johnson, JL Phillips, PPJ Andersen, J Bliven-Sizemore, E Belisle, JT Boom, WH Luetkemeyer, A Campbell, TB Eisenach, KD Hafner, R Lennox, JL Makhene, M Swindells, S Villarino, ME Weiner, M Benson, C Burman, W AF Nahid, Payam Saukkonen, Jussi Mac Kenzie, William R. Johnson, John L. Phillips, Patrick P. J. Andersen, Janet Bliven-Sizemore, Erin Belisle, John T. Boom, W. Henry Luetkemeyer, Annie Campbell, Thomas B. Eisenach, Kathleen D. Hafner, Richard Lennox, Jeffrey L. Makhene, Mamodikoe Swindells, Susan Villarino, M. Elsa Weiner, Marc Benson, Constance Burman, William TI Tuberculosis Biomarker and Surrogate Endpoint Research Roadmap SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID CLINICAL-TRIALS; TREATMENT RESPONSE; DISEASE-ACTIVITY; RELAPSE; DRUGS; PROGRESS; THERAPY; URINE; CURE AB The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and National Institutes of Health convened a multidisciplinary meeting to discuss surrogate markers of treatment response in tuberculosis. The goals were to assess recent surrogate marker research and to provide specific recommendations for (1) the qualification and validation of biomarkers of treatment outcome; (2) the standardization of specimen and data collection for future clinical trials, including a minimum set of samples and collection time points; and (3) the creation of a specimen repository to support biomarker testing. This article summarizes these recommendations and provides a roadmap for their implementation. C1 [Nahid, Payam] Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco Gen Hosp, Div Pulm & Crit Care, Curry Int TB Ctr, San Francisco, CA 94110 USA. [Saukkonen, Jussi] Boston Univ, Sch Med, Ctr Pulm, Boston, MA 02118 USA. [Mac Kenzie, William R.; Bliven-Sizemore, Erin; Villarino, M. Elsa] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Div TB Eliminat, Clin Res Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Johnson, John L.; Boom, W. Henry] Case Western Reserve Univ, Div Infect Dis, Dept Med, TB Res Unit, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. [Phillips, Patrick P. J.] British Med Res Council Clin Trials Unit, London, England. [Andersen, Janet] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Ctr Biostat AIDS Res, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Belisle, John T.] Colorado State Univ, Mycobacteria Res Labs, Dept Microbiol Immunol & Pathol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Luetkemeyer, Annie] Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco Gen Hosp, Div HIV AIDS, San Francisco, CA 94110 USA. [Campbell, Thomas B.] Univ Colorado, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, Denver, CO USA. [Eisenach, Kathleen D.] Univ Arkansas Med Sci, Dept Microbiol, Little Rock, AR 72205 USA. [Eisenach, Kathleen D.] Univ Arkansas Med Sci, Dept Pathol, Little Rock, AR 72205 USA. [Hafner, Richard] NIAID, Div Aids, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Lennox, Jeffrey L.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Internal Med, Div Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Makhene, Mamodikoe] NIAID, Div Microbiol & Infect Dis, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Swindells, Susan] Univ Nebraska Med Ctr, Dept Internal Med, Div Infect Dis, Omaha, NE USA. [Weiner, Marc] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, Dept Med, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. [Benson, Constance] Univ Calif San Diego, San Diego Sch Med, Div Infect Dis, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. [Burman, William] Denver Publ Hlth, Denver, CO USA. RP Nahid, P (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco Gen Hosp, Div Pulm & Crit Care, Curry Int TB Ctr, 1001 Potrero Ave,5K1, San Francisco, CA 94110 USA. EM pnahid@ucsf.edu RI Mac Kenzie, William /F-1528-2013; Lennox, Jeffrey/D-1654-2014; Belisle, John/B-8944-2017; OI Mac Kenzie, William /0000-0001-7723-0339; Lennox, Jeffrey/0000-0002-2064-5565; Belisle, John/0000-0002-2539-2798; Phillips, Patrick/0000-0002-6336-7024 FU National Institutes of Health through National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute [K23HL092629]; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases [AI068636, AI068634]; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Division of Tuberculosis Elimination, Tuberculosis Trials Consortium FX Supported partially by the National Institutes of Health through National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute funding K23HL092629 (P.N.), National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases funding AI068636 (A. L., T. B. C., J.L.L., S. S. and C. B.) and AI068634 (J.A.), and also through the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Division of Tuberculosis Elimination, Tuberculosis Trials Consortium. NR 33 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER THORACIC SOC PI NEW YORK PA 61 BROADWAY, FL 4, NEW YORK, NY 10006 USA SN 1073-449X J9 AM J RESP CRIT CARE JI Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. PD OCT 15 PY 2011 VL 184 IS 8 BP 972 EP 979 DI 10.1164/rccm.201105-0827WS PG 8 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 835PG UT WOS:000296047700018 PM 21737585 ER PT J AU Harley, KG Chevrier, J Schall, RA Sjodin, A Bradman, A Eskenazi, B AF Harley, Kim G. Chevrier, Jonathan Schall, Raul Aguilar Sjoedin, Andreas Bradman, Asa Eskenazi, Brenda TI Association of Prenatal Exposure to Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers and Infant Birth Weight SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE birth weight; California; cohort studies; environmental exposure; halogenated diphenyl ethers; maternal exposure; maternal-fetal exchange; pregnancy ID PBDE FLAME RETARDANTS; IN-HOUSE DUST; THYROID-HORMONE; DEVELOPMENTAL EXPOSURE; POLYCHLORINATED-BIPHENYLS; DECABROMODIPHENYL ETHER; SPONTANEOUS BEHAVIOR; NEONATAL EXPOSURE; CONSUMER PRODUCTS; PREGNANT-WOMEN AB Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are a class of persistent compounds that have been used as flame retardants in vehicles, household furnishings, and consumer electronics. This study examined whether concentrations of PBDEs in maternal serum during pregnancy were associated with infant birth weight, length, head circumference, and length of gestation. Participants were pregnant women (n = 286) enrolled in the Center for the Health Assessment of Mothers and Children of Salinas (CHAMACOS) Study, a longitudinal cohort study of low-income, predominantly Mexican families living in the Salinas Valley, California. Blood samples were collected near the 26th week of pregnancy in 1999-2000, and concentrations of 10 PBDE congeners (BDE-17, -28, -47, -66, -85, -99, -100, -153, -154, and -183) were measured. Multiple linear regression models were used to investigate the association of lipid-adjusted, log(10)-transformed PBDE concentrations and birth outcome. In adjusted analyses, negative associations with birth weight were seen with BDE-47 (beta = -115 g, 95% confidence interval (CI): -229, -2), BDE-99 (beta = -114 g, 95% CI: -225, -4), and BDE-100 (beta = -122 g, 95% CI: -235, -9). These findings were diminished slightly and were no longer statistically significant when maternal weight gain was included in the models. PBDE congeners were not associated with birth length, head circumference, or gestational duration. C1 [Harley, Kim G.; Chevrier, Jonathan; Schall, Raul Aguilar; Bradman, Asa; Eskenazi, Brenda] Univ Calif Berkeley, Ctr Environm Res & Childrens Hlth, Sch Publ Hlth, Berkeley, CA 94704 USA. [Sjoedin, Andreas] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Harley, KG (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Ctr Environm Res & Childrens Hlth, Sch Publ Hlth, 2150 Shattuck Ave,Suite 600, Berkeley, CA 94704 USA. EM kharley@berkeley.edu RI Sjodin, Andreas/F-2464-2010 FU National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences at the National Institutes of Health [PO1 ES009605, RO1 ES015572]; US Environmental Protection Agency [RD 83171001] FX This work was supported by the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences at the National Institutes of Health (PO1 ES009605 and RO1 ES015572) and the US Environmental Protection Agency (RD 83171001). NR 41 TC 57 Z9 61 U1 2 U2 23 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD OCT 15 PY 2011 VL 174 IS 8 BP 885 EP 892 DI 10.1093/aje/kwr212 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 830TI UT WOS:000295679700002 PM 21878423 ER PT J AU Wang, SS Hartge, P Yeager, M Carreon, T Ruder, AM Linet, M Inskip, PD Black, A Hsing, AW Alavanja, M Beane-Freeman, L Safaiean, M Chanock, SJ Rajaraman, P AF Wang, Sophia S. Hartge, Patricia Yeager, Meredith Carreon, Tania Ruder, Avima M. Linet, Martha Inskip, Peter D. Black, Amanda Hsing, Ann W. Alavanja, Michael Beane-Freeman, Laura Safaiean, Mahboobeh Chanock, Stephen J. Rajaraman, Preetha TI Joint Associations Between Genetic Variants and Reproductive Factors in Glioma Risk Among Women SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE genes; glioma; menstrual cycle; polymorphism; single nucleotide; reproduction; women ID GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION; EXOGENOUS HORMONE USE; BRAIN-TUMORS; ADULT GLIOMA; SUSCEPTIBILITY; GLIOBLASTOMA; COHORT; MENINGIOMA; ALLELES; HISTORY AB In a pooled analysis of 4 US epidemiologic studies (1993-2001), the authors evaluated the role of 5 female reproductive factors in 357 women with glioma and 822 controls. The authors further evaluated the independent association between 5 implicated gene variants and glioma risk among the study population, as well as the joint associations of female reproductive factors (ages at menarche and menopause, menopausal status, use of oral contraceptives, and menopausal hormone therapy) and these gene variants on glioma risk. Risk estimates were calculated as odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals that were adjusted for age, race, and study. Three of the gene variants (rs4295627, a variant of CCDC26; rs4977756, a variant of CDKN2A and CDKN2B; and rs6010620, a variant of RTEL1) were statistically significantly associated with glioma risk in the present population. Compared with women who had an early age at menarche (< 12 years of age), those who reported menarche at 12-13 years of age or at 14 years of age or older had a 1.7-fold higher risk and a 1.9-fold higher risk of glioma, respectively (P for trend = 0.009). Postmenopausal women and women who reported ever having used oral contraceptives had a decreased risk of glioma. The authors did not observe joint associations between these reproductive characteristics and the implicated glioma gene variants. These results require replication, but if confirmed, they would suggest that the gene variants that have previously been implicated in the development of glioma are unlikely to act through the same hormonal mechanisms in women. C1 [Wang, Sophia S.] Beckman Res Inst, Div Canc Etiol, Dept Populat Sci, Duarte, CA 91010 USA. [Wang, Sophia S.] City Hope Natl Med Ctr, Duarte, CA 91010 USA. [Hartge, Patricia; Linet, Martha; Inskip, Peter D.; Black, Amanda; Hsing, Ann W.; Alavanja, Michael; Beane-Freeman, Laura; Safaiean, Mahboobeh; Rajaraman, Preetha] NCI, Div Canc Epidemiol & Genet, Rockville, MD USA. [Yeager, Meredith; Chanock, Stephen J.] NCI, Core Genotyping Facil, Div Canc Epidemiol & Genet, Gaithersburg, MD USA. [Carreon, Tania; Ruder, Avima M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Surveillance Hazard Evaluat & Field Studies, NIOSH, Cincinnati, OH USA. RP Wang, SS (reprint author), Beckman Res Inst, Div Canc Etiol, Dept Populat Sci, 1500 E Duarte Rd, Duarte, CA 91010 USA. EM sowang@coh.org RI Ruder, Avima/I-4155-2012; Beane Freeman, Laura/C-4468-2015 OI Ruder, Avima/0000-0003-0419-6664; Beane Freeman, Laura/0000-0003-1294-4124 FU National Cancer Institute [N01-CO-12400]; National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health FX This research was supported by intramural funds from the National Cancer Institute and the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. It was been funded in whole or in part with federal funds from the National Cancer Institute under contract N01-CO-12400. NR 26 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 5 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD OCT 15 PY 2011 VL 174 IS 8 BP 901 EP 908 DI 10.1093/aje/kwr184 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 830TI UT WOS:000295679700004 PM 21920947 ER PT J AU Teshale, EH Ramachandran, S Xia, GL Roberts, H Groeger, J Barry, V Hu, DJ Holmberg, SD Holtzman, D Ward, JW Teo, CG Khudyakov, Y AF Teshale, Eyasu H. Ramachandran, Sumathi Xia, Guo-liang Roberts, Henry Groeger, Justina Barry, Vaughn Hu, Dale J. Holmberg, Scott D. Holtzman, Deborah Ward, John W. Teo, Chong-Gee Khudyakov, Yuri TI Genotypic Distribution of Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) Among Acute Cases of HBV Infection, Selected United States Counties, 1999-2005 SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID ENGLAND; STRAIN; JAPAN AB Background. Knowledge of the genotypic distribution of hepatitis B virus (HBV) facilitates epidemiologic tracking and surveillance of HBV infection as well as prediction of its disease burden. In the United States, HBV genotyping studies have been conducted for chronic but not acute hepatitis B. Methods. Serum samples were collected from patients with acute hepatitis B cases reported from the 6 counties that participated in the Sentinel Counties Study of Acute Viral Hepatitis from 1999 through 2005. Polymerase chain reaction followed by nucleotide sequencing of a 435-base pair segment of the HBV S gene was performed, and the sequences were phylogenetically analyzed. Results. Of 614 patients identified with available serum samples, 75% were infected with genotype A HBV and 18% were infected with genotype D HBV. Thirty-two percent of genotype A sequences constituted a single subgenotype A2 cluster. The odds of infection with genotype A (vs with genotype D) were 5 times greater among black individuals than among Hispanic individuals (odds ratio [OR], 5; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.3-10.7). The odds of infection with genotype A were 49, 8, and 4 times greater among patients from Jefferson County (Alabama), Pinellas County (Florida), and San Francisco (California), respectively, than among those living in Denver County (Colorado). Genotype A was less common among recent injection drug users than it was among non-injection drug users (OR, 0.2; 95% CI, 0.1-0.4). Conclusions. HBV genotype distribution was significantly associated with ethnicity, place of residence, and risk behavior. C1 [Teshale, Eyasu H.; Ramachandran, Sumathi; Xia, Guo-liang; Roberts, Henry; Groeger, Justina; Barry, Vaughn; Hu, Dale J.; Holmberg, Scott D.; Holtzman, Deborah; Ward, John W.; Teo, Chong-Gee; Khudyakov, Yuri] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, Natl Ctr HIV Hepatitis TB & STD Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Teshale, EH (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, Natl Ctr HIV Hepatitis TB & STD Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM eht4@cdc.gov NR 21 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD OCT 15 PY 2011 VL 53 IS 8 BP 751 EP 756 DI 10.1093/cid/cir495 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 821KI UT WOS:000294973500007 PM 21860013 ER PT J AU Mace, KE Mwandama, D Jafali, J Luka, M Filler, SJ Sande, J Ali, D Kachur, SP Mathanga, DP Skarbinski, J AF Mace, Kimberly E. Mwandama, Dyson Jafali, James Luka, Madalitso Filler, Scott J. Sande, John Ali, Doreen Kachur, S. Patrick Mathanga, Don P. Skarbinski, Jacek TI Adherence to Treatment With Artemether-Lumefantrine for Uncomplicated Malaria in Rural Malawi SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM MALARIA; SULFADOXINE-PYRIMETHAMINE; COMBINATION THERAPY; UGANDA; TRIAL; PHARMACODYNAMICS; PHARMACOKINETICS; FORMULATION; ARTESUNATE AB Background. In 2007, Malawi replaced the first-line medication for uncomplicated malaria, sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine-a single-dose regimen-with artemether-lumefantrine (AL)-a 6-dose, 3-day regimen. Because of concerns about the complex dosing schedule, we assessed patient adherence to AL 2 years after routine implementation. Methods. Adults and children with uncomplicated malaria were recruited at 3 health centers. We conducted both pill counts and in-home interviews on medication consumption 72 hours after patients received AL. Complete adherence was defined as correctly taking all 6 AL doses, as assessed by pill count and dose recall. We used logistic regression to identify factors associated with complete adherence. Results. Of 386 patients, 65% were completely adherent. Patients were significantly more likely to be completely adherent if they received their first dose of AL as directly observed therapy at the health center (odds ratio [OR], 2.4; P < .01), received instructions using the medication package as a visual aid (OR, 2.5; P = .02), and preferred AL over other antimalarials (OR, 2.7; P < .001). In contrast, children <5 years of age were significantly less likely to be adherent (OR, 0.5; P = .05). Conclusions. Adherence to AL treatment for uncomplicated malaria was moderate, and children, who are the most likely to die of malaria, were less adherent than adults. Efforts to improve adherence should be focused on this vulnerable group. Interventions including the introduction of child-friendly antimalarial formulations, direct observation of the first dose, use of the AL package as a visual aid for instructions, and enhancing patient preference for AL could potentially increase AL adherence and overall effectiveness. C1 [Mace, Kimberly E.; Filler, Scott J.; Kachur, S. Patrick; Skarbinski, Jacek] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Malaria Branch, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Mace, Kimberly E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Mwandama, Dyson; Jafali, James; Luka, Madalitso; Mathanga, Don P.] Univ Malawi, Coll Med, Malaria Alert Ctr, Blantyre, Malawi. [Sande, John; Ali, Doreen] Minist Hlth, Natl Malaria Control Program, Lilongwe, Malawi. [Mathanga, Don P.] Univ Malawi, Coll Med, Dept Community Hlth, Blantyre, Malawi. RP Mace, KE (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Malaria Branch, 4770 Buford Highway,Mail Stop F-22, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM kmace@cdc.gov FU United States President's Malaria Initiative, US Agency for International Development; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) [5 U01 CI000189]; Malaria Alert Centre, College of Medicine [5 U01 CI000189] FX This work was supported by the United States President's Malaria Initiative, US Agency for International Development, under the terms of an Interagency Agreement with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and through a Cooperative Agreement (Number 5 U01 CI000189) between the CDC and the Malaria Alert Centre, College of Medicine. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 22 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD OCT 15 PY 2011 VL 53 IS 8 BP 772 EP 779 DI 10.1093/cid/cir498 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 821KI UT WOS:000294973500010 PM 21921220 ER PT J AU Smith, BD Teshale, E Jewett, A Weinbaum, CM Neaigus, A Hagan, H Jenness, SM Melville, SK Burt, R Thiede, H Al-Tayyib, A Pannala, PR Miles, IW Oster, AM Smith, A Finlayson, T Bowles, KE DiNenno, EA AF Smith, Bryce D. Teshale, Eyasu Jewett, Amy Weinbaum, Cindy M. Neaigus, Alan Hagan, Holly Jenness, Sam M. Melville, Sharon K. Burt, Richard Thiede, Hanne Al-Tayyib, Alia Pannala, Praveen R. Miles, Ilsa W. Oster, Alexa M. Smith, Amanda Finlayson, Teresa Bowles, Kristina E. DiNenno, Elizabeth A. TI Performance of Premarket Rapid Hepatitis C Virus Antibody Assays in 4 National Human Immunodeficiency Virus Behavioral Surveillance System Sites SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID INJECTION-DRUG USERS; UNITED-STATES; OF-CARE; HIV; INFECTION; PREVALENCE; OUTREACH; TRIAL; RATES; US AB Background. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) estimates that 4.1 million Americans have been infected with hepatitis C virus (HCV) and 75%-80% of them are living with chronic HCV infection, many unaware of their infection. Persons who inject drugs (PWID) account for 57.5% of all persons with HCV antibody (anti-HCV) in the United States. Currently no point-of-care tests for HCV infection are approved for use in the United States. Methods. Surveys and testing for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and anti-HCV were conducted among persons who reported injection drug use in the past 12 months as part of the National HIV Behavioral Surveillance System in 2009. The sensitivity and specificity of point-of-care tests (finger-stick and 2 oral fluid rapid assays) from 3 manufacturers (Chembio, MedMira, and OraSure) were evaluated in field settings in 4 US cities. Results. Sensitivity (78.9%-97.4%) and specificity (80.0%-100.0%) were variable across assays and sites. The highest assay-specific sensitivities achieved for the Chembio, MedMira, and OraSure tests were 94.0%, 78.9% and 97.4%, respectively; the highest specificities were 97.7%, 83.3%, and 100%, respectively. In multivariate analysis, false-negative anti-HCV results were associated with HIV positivity for the Chembio oral assay (adjusted odds ratio, 8.4-9.1; P < .01) in 1 site (New York City). Conclusions. Sensitive rapid anti-HCV assays are appropriate and feasible for high-prevalence, high-risk populations such as PWID, who can be reached through social service settings such as syringe exchange programs and methadone maintenance treatment programs. C1 [Smith, Bryce D.; Teshale, Eyasu; Weinbaum, Cindy M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Miles, Ilsa W.; Oster, Alexa M.; Smith, Amanda; Finlayson, Teresa; Bowles, Kristina E.; DiNenno, Elizabeth A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Jewett, Amy] Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Clifton, TN USA. [Neaigus, Alan; Jenness, Sam M.] New York City Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, HIV Epidemiol Program, New York, NY USA. [Hagan, Holly] New York Univ Ctr Drug Use & HIV Res, New York, NY USA. [Melville, Sharon K.; Pannala, Praveen R.] Texas Dept State Hlth Serv, Austin, TX USA. [Burt, Richard; Thiede, Hanne] Publ Hlth Seattle, King Cty, WA USA. [Al-Tayyib, Alia] Denver Publ Hlth, Denver, CO USA. RP Smith, BD (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS G-37, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM bsmith6@cdc.gov FU Division of Viral Hepatitis at the CDC; Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention at the CDC FX This work was supported by the Divisions of Viral Hepatitis and HIV/AIDS Prevention at the CDC. All assays were provided in kind by the manufacturers. The use of trade names and commercial sources is for identification only and does not imply endorsement by the CDC. NR 30 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 1 U2 7 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD OCT 15 PY 2011 VL 53 IS 8 BP 780 EP 786 DI 10.1093/cid/cir499 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 821KI UT WOS:000294973500011 PM 21921221 ER PT J AU Tohme, RA Drobeniuc, J Sanchez, R Heseltine, G Alsip, B Kamili, S Hu, DJ Guerra, F Teshale, EH AF Tohme, Rania A. Drobeniuc, Jan Sanchez, Roger Heseltine, Gary Alsip, Bryan Kamili, Saleem Hu, Dale J. Guerra, Fernando Teshale, Eyasu H. TI Acute Hepatitis Associated With Autochthonous Hepatitis E Virus Infection-San Antonio, Texas, 2009 SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Editorial Material ID UNITED-STATES; EPIDEMIOLOGY C1 [Tohme, Rania A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Tohme, Rania A.; Drobeniuc, Jan; Kamili, Saleem; Hu, Dale J.; Teshale, Eyasu H.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Sanchez, Roger; Alsip, Bryan; Guerra, Fernando] San Antonio Metropolitan Hlth Dist, San Antonio, TX USA. [Heseltine, Gary] Texas Dept State Hlth Serv, Austin, TX USA. RP Tohme, RA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS G37, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM rtohme@cdc.gov NR 14 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD OCT 15 PY 2011 VL 53 IS 8 BP 793 EP 796 DI 10.1093/cid/cir453 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 821KI UT WOS:000294973500013 PM 21896699 ER PT J AU Baker, JV Henry, WK Patel, P Bush, TJ Conley, LJ Mack, WJ Overton, ET Budoff, M Hammer, J Carpenter, CC Hodis, HN Brooks, JT AF Baker, Jason V. Henry, W. Keith Patel, Pragna Bush, Timothy J. Conley, Lois J. Mack, Wendy J. Overton, E. Turner Budoff, Matt Hammer, John Carpenter, Charles C. Hodis, Howard N. Brooks, John T. CA Study Understand Nat Hist HIV AIDS TI Progression of Carotid Intima-Media Thickness in a Contemporary Human Immunodeficiency Virus Cohort SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID HIV-INFECTED PATIENTS; REVERSE-TRANSCRIPTASE INHIBITORS; RECEIVING ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; B-MODE ULTRASOUND; T-CELL COUNT; RISK-FACTORS; MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; ENDOTHELIAL DYSFUNCTION; ATHEROSCLEROSIS RISK; PROTEASE INHIBITORS AB Background. Persons with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection are at risk for premature cardiovascular disease (CVD). Predictors of atherosclerotic disease progression in contemporary patients have not been well described. Methods. Using data from a prospective observational cohort of adults infected with HIV (Study to Understand the Natural History of HIV/AIDS in the Era of Effective Therapy), we assessed common carotid artery intima-media thickness (CIMT) at baseline and year 2 by ultrasound. We examined HIV-associated predictors of CIMT progression after adjusting for age, sex, race/ethnicity, body mass index, smoking, hypertension, diabetes, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol level, and baseline CIMT using linear regression. Results. Among 389 participants (median age at baseline, 42 years; male sex, 77%; median CD4+ cell count at baseline, 485 cells/mm(3); 78% receiving antiretroviral therapy), the median 2-year CIMT change was 0.016 mm (interquartile range, -0.003 to 0.033 mm; P < .001). Lesser CIMT progression was associated with a suppressed viral load at baseline (-0.009 mm change; P = .015) and remaining virologically suppressed throughout follow-up (-0.011 mm change; P < .001). After adjusting for additional risk factors and a suppressed viral load during follow-up, nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor versus protease inhibitor exposure was associated with lesser CIMT progression (-0.011 mm change; P = .02). Conclusions. Suppressing HIV replication below clinical thresholds was associated with less progression of atherosclerosis. The proatherogenic mechanisms of HIV replication and the net CVD benefit of different antiretroviral drugs should be a focus of future research. C1 [Baker, Jason V.; Henry, W. Keith] Univ Minnesota, Hennepin Cty Med Ctr, Dept Med, Minneapolis, MN 55415 USA. [Patel, Pragna; Bush, Timothy J.; Conley, Lois J.; Brooks, John T.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Mack, Wendy J.; Hodis, Howard N.] Univ So Calif, Keck Sch Med, Dept Med & Preventat Med, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA. [Overton, E. Turner] Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, St Louis, MO 63110 USA. [Budoff, Matt] Harbor Univ Calif, Dept Med, Los Angeles Biomed Res Inst, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Hammer, John] Denver Infect Dis Consultants, Dept Med, Denver, CO USA. [Carpenter, Charles C.] Miriam Hosp, Dept Med, Providence, RI 02906 USA. RP Baker, JV (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Hennepin Cty Med Ctr, Dept Med, 701 Pk Ave,MC G5, Minneapolis, MN 55415 USA. EM baker459@umn.edu FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [200-2002-00610/00611/00612/00613, 200 2007 3633/23634/23635/23636]; National Institutes of Health [K12 RR023247]; Bristol-Meyers Squibb; Gilead; ViiV; Tibotec FX Financial support. This work was supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (contracts 200-2002-00610/00611/00612/00613 and 200 2007 3633/23634/23635/23636) and the National Institutes of Health (K12 RR023247).; Potential conflicts of interest. J. V. B. has received research support from Gilead, ViiV, and Tibotec. K. H. has received research support from Bristol-Meyers Squibb, Gilead, ViiV, and Tibotec. M. B. serves on speakers Bureau for General Electric. All other authors report no potential conflicts. NR 40 TC 40 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD OCT 15 PY 2011 VL 53 IS 8 BP 826 EP 835 DI 10.1093/cid/cir497 PG 10 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 821KI UT WOS:000294973500018 PM 21860012 ER PT J AU Dawood, FS Dong, L Liu, F Blau, DM Peebles, PJ Lu, XH Wagers, L Oakland, B Zielenski, M Daly, R Horan, V Swenson, SL Schmitt, BJ Hancock, K Katz, JM Bridges, C Kightlinger, L Finelli, L AF Dawood, Fatimah S. Dong, Libo Liu, Feng Blau, Dianna M. Peebles, Patrick J. Lu, Xiuhua Wagers, Lori Oakland, Brett Zielenski, Michael Daly, Russell Horan, Vickie Swenson, Sabrina L. Schmitt, Beverly J. Hancock, Kathy Katz, Jacqueline M. Bridges, Carolyn Kightlinger, Lon Finelli, Lyn TI A Pre-Pandemic Outbreak of Triple-Reassortant Swine Influenza Virus Infection Among University Students, South Dakota, 2008 SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 48th Annual Meeting of the Infectious-Diseases-Society-of-America CY OCT 21-24, 2010 CL Vancouver, CANADA SP Infect Dis Soc Amer ID JANUARY-FEBRUARY 1976; UNITED-STATES; NORTH-AMERICA; FORT-DIX; TRANSMISSION; HUMANS; PIGS AB Background. After identifying a student with triple-reassortant swine influenza virus (SIV) infection and pig exposure at a livestock event, we investigated whether others were infected and if human-to-human transmission occurred. Methods. We conducted a cohort study and serosurvey among persons exposed to (1) event pigs, (2) other pigs, (3) the index case, and (4) persons without pig or index case exposure. Confirmed cases had respiratory specimens positive for SIV within 2 weeks of the index case's illness. Probable and suspected cases had illness and (1) exposure to any pig or (2) contact with a confirmed case preceding illness. Probable cases were seropositive. Suspected cases did not give serum samples. Results. Of 99 event pig-exposed students, 72 (73%) participated in the investigation, and 42 (42%) provided serum samples, of whom 17 (40%) were seropositive and 5 (12%) met case criteria. Of 9 students exposed to other pigs, 2 (22%) were seropositive. Of 8 index case-exposed persons and 10 without exposures, none were seropositive. Pig-exposed persons were more likely to be seropositive than persons without pig exposure (37% vs 0%, P < .01). Conclusions. We identified an outbreak of human SIV infection likely associated with a livestock event; there was no evidence of human-to-human transmission. C1 [Dawood, Fatimah S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Influenza Div, Off Workforce & Career Dev, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Blau, Dianna M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Infect Dis Pathol Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Wagers, Lori; Oakland, Brett; Zielenski, Michael; Horan, Vickie; Kightlinger, Lon] S Dakota Dept Hlth, Pierre Benite, France. [Daly, Russell] S Dakota State Univ, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. [Swenson, Sabrina L.; Schmitt, Beverly J.] Natl Vet Serv Labs, Ames, IA USA. RP Dawood, FS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Influenza Div, Off Workforce & Career Dev, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS A-32, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM fdawood@cdc.gov NR 18 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD OCT 15 PY 2011 VL 204 IS 8 BP 1165 EP 1171 DI 10.1093/infdis/jir502 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 821JB UT WOS:000294970100004 PM 21917888 ER PT J AU Mullooly, JP Schuler, R Mesa, J Drew, L DeStefano, F AF Mullooly, John P. Schuler, Roberleigh Mesa, Jill Drew, Lois DeStefano, Frank CA VSD Team TI Wheezing lower respiratory disease and vaccination of premature infants SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Infant wheezing; Prematurity; Vaccinations ID PERTUSSIS-VACCINE; CHILDHOOD ASTHMA; WHOLE-CELL; RISK; RESPONSES; CHILDREN; INFECTIONS; RHINOVIRUS; DIPHTHERIA; TETANUS AB Purpose: Premature infants are at increased risk of wheezing in association with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) and rhinovirus infections. We assess possible associations between wheezing and routine vaccinations of premature infants. Methods: We conducted a self-controlled case series (SCCS) study of premature infants born at five health maintenance organizations (HMO's) from 1997 to 2002 (N = 18,628). Episodes of medically attended wheezing lower respiratory diseases (WLRD) were ascertained from ICD-9 coded database records. Relative risks of WLRD during post-vaccination exposure windows were estimated by Cox proportional hazard regression with time-dependent vaccine exposure variables, adjusted for age, season, and frequency of well-baby visits. Results: WLRD hazard ratios (HR) were not significantly elevated for any vaccine type among non-fragile or fragile premature infants. Among non-fragile infants the 8-14 days HR was significantly reduced for live attenuated MMR (0.68, 0.52-0.88) and Varicella (0.71, 0.53-0.94) vaccines, and similarly but insignificantly reduced for infrequently used live attenuated OPV vaccine (0.70, 0.46-1.06). There was a smaller significant reduction (0.83, 0.69-0.998) in the 15-30 days HR for MMR and a similar but not significant reduction (0.86, 0.71-1.05) in the 31-44 days HR for MMR. Hepatitis B vaccine (HBV), which is not a live vaccine, had significantly reduced 8-14 days (0.84, 0.72-0.98) and 31-44 days (0.88, 0.78-0.98) HRs among non-fragile infants. The apparent protective effect of HBV may be confounded by live vaccines administered simultaneously with the third dose of HBV. Among fragile infants there was a large significant reduction in the 8-14 days HR for live attenuated OPV vaccine (0.40, 0.23-0.70) and smaller significant reductions in the 8-14 days HR for inactivated DTaP (0.82, 0.71-0.95), Hib (0.83, 0.73-0.96), and PCV7 (0.84, 0.70-0.997) vaccines. Delays in vaccinating fragile infants may have made simultaneous administration of live vaccines and third doses of these inactivated vaccines more likely. Conclusions: We found no evidence of increased WLRD risk following routine vaccinations of premature infants. WLRD risk among non-fragile premature infants appears to be reduced for a few weeks after live attenuated vaccinations. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Mullooly, John P.; Schuler, Roberleigh; Mesa, Jill; Drew, Lois] Ctr Hlth Res NW, Portland, OR 97227 USA. [DeStefano, Frank] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunizat Safety Off, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Mullooly, JP (reprint author), Ctr Hlth Res NW, 3800 N Interstate Ave, Portland, OR 97227 USA. EM John.Mullooly@kpchr.org FU America's Health Insurance Plans (AHIP) under Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) [200-2002-00732]; IRB FX This study was funded through a subcontract with America's Health Insurance Plans (AHIP) under contract 200-2002-00732 from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).; This study was approved by the IRBs of the participating health plans. NR 23 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD OCT 13 PY 2011 VL 29 IS 44 BP 7611 EP 7617 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.08.022 PG 7 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 841WW UT WOS:000296546900011 PM 21875634 ER PT J AU Rand, CM Humiston, SG Schaffer, SJ Albertin, CS Shone, LP Blumkin, AK Stokley, S Szilagyi, PG AF Rand, Cynthia M. Humiston, Sharon G. Schaffer, Stanley J. Albertin, Christina S. Shone, Laura P. Blumkin, Aaron K. Stokley, Shannon Szilagyi, Peter G. TI Parent and adolescent perspectives about adolescent vaccine delivery: Practical considerations for vaccine communication SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Adolescent vaccination; Communication; Preventive care ID HUMAN-PAPILLOMAVIRUS VACCINE; UNIVERSAL INFLUENZA VACCINATION; SCHOOL-AGED CHILDREN; SAFETY CONCERNS; UNITED-STATES; MEDICAL HOME; IMMUNIZATION STATUS; COVERAGE; HEALTH; CARE AB We surveyed parents of adolescents (n = 430) and their adolescents ages 15-17 years (n = 208) in 9 primary-care settings in Monroe County, NY to assess perceptions about adolescent vaccine delivery. Parents and adolescents most wanted to discuss vaccine side effects and the diseases prevented with the adolescents' provider. Those who perceived vaccines as very safe were more accepting of adolescent vaccines. Most participants agreed with vaccinating the teen during a mild illness and with providing multiple vaccines concomitantly. Participants most preferred medical, as opposed to other settings, for receipt of adolescent vaccines. For parents and adolescents who are wary of vaccination, strategies are needed to enhance communication about risks and benefits of vaccinations. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Rand, Cynthia M.; Schaffer, Stanley J.; Albertin, Christina S.; Shone, Laura P.; Blumkin, Aaron K.; Szilagyi, Peter G.] Univ Rochester, Sch Med & Dent, Dept Pediat, Rochester, NY 14642 USA. [Humiston, Sharon G.] Childrens Mercy Hosp & Clin, Emergency Med Serv, Kansas City, MO USA. [Stokley, Shannon] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunizat Serv Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Rand, CM (reprint author), 601 Elmwood Ave,Box 777, Rochester, NY 14642 USA. EM Cynthia_rand@urmc.rochester.edu OI Schaffer, Stanley/0000-0001-7993-1374 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) [U01IP00040] FX This work was supported by Cooperative Agreement U01IP00040 with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the funding agency. We would like to thank Mary Gaeddart, Ivana Kalanovic and Eric Heintz for their assistance in data collection and entry, the providers and patients of the primary care practices involved in this study for their helpful cooperation, and the input of Mary McCauley of the CDC for her review of the manuscript. NR 61 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 2 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD OCT 13 PY 2011 VL 29 IS 44 BP 7651 EP 7658 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.08.002 PG 8 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 841WW UT WOS:000296546900017 PM 21839793 ER PT J AU Kilian, A Byamukama, W Pigeon, O Gimnig, J Atieli, F Koekemoer, L Protopopoff, N AF Kilian, Albert Byamukama, Wilson Pigeon, Olivier Gimnig, John Atieli, Francis Koekemoer, Lizette Protopopoff, Natacha TI Evidence for a useful life of more than three years for a polyester-based long-lasting insecticidal mosquito net in Western Uganda SO MALARIA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID WASH-RESISTANCE; TREATED NETS; MALARIA PREVENTION; ANOPHELES-GAMBIAE; HOUSEHOLD USE; BED NETS; FIELD; BEDNETS; PERMETHRIN; EFFICACY AB Background: Long-lasting insecticidal nets (LLIN) are now standard for the prevention of malaria. However, only products with recommendation for public use from the World Health Organization should be used and this evaluation includes the assessment of net effectiveness after three years of field use. Results for one of the polyester-based products, Interceptor (R) is presented. Methods: In five villages, 190 LLIN and 90 nets conventionally treated with the insecticide alpha-cypermethrin at 25 mg/m(2) were distributed randomly and used by the families. Following a baseline household survey a net survey was carried out every six months to capture use, washing habits and physical condition of the nets. Randomly selected nets were collected after 6, 12, 24, 36 and 42 months and tested for remaining insecticide content and ability to knock-down and kill malaria transmitting mosquitoes. Results: During the three and a half years of observation only 16 nets were lost to follow-up resulting in an estimated attrition rate of 12% after three and 20/% after 3.5 years. Nets were used regularly and washed on average 1.5 times per year. After three and a half years 29% of the nets were still in good condition while 13% were seriously torn with no difference between the LLIN and control nets. The conventionally treated nets quickly lost insecticide and after 24 months only 7% of the original dose remained (1.6 mg/m(2)). Baseline median concentration of alpha-cypermethrin for LLIN was 194.5 mg/m(2) or 97% of the target dose with between and within net variation of 11% and 4% respectively (relative standard deviation). On the LLIN 73.8 mg/m(2) alphacypermethrin remained after three years of use and 56.2 mg/m(2) after three and a half and 94% and 81% of the LLIN still had > 15 mg/m(2) left respectively. Optimal effectiveness in bio-assays (>= 95% 60 minute knock-down or >= 80% 24 hour mortality) was found in 83% of the sampled LLIN after three and 71% after three and a half years. Conclusions: Under conditions in Western Uganda the tested long-lasting insecticidal net Interceptor (R) fulfilled the criteria for phase III of WHO evaluations and, based on preliminary criteria of the useful life, this product is estimated to last on average between three and four years. C1 [Kilian, Albert] Malaria Consortium Int, London, England. [Byamukama, Wilson; Protopopoff, Natacha] Africa Reg Off, Malaria Consortium, Kampala, Uganda. [Pigeon, Olivier] Walloon Agr Res Ctr CRA W, Agr & Nat Environm Dept, Gembloux, Belgium. [Gimnig, John] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Atieli, Francis] Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Ctr Vector Biol & Control Res, Kisumu, Kenya. [Koekemoer, Lizette] NHLS, Vector Control Reference Unit, Natl Inst Communicable Dis, Sandringham, England. [Koekemoer, Lizette] Univ Witwatersrand, Malaria Entomol Res Unit, Sch Pathol, ZA-2000 Johannesburg, South Africa. RP Kilian, A (reprint author), Malaria Consortium Int, London, England. EM a.kilian@malariaconsortium.org OI Protopopoff, Natacha/0000-0001-6698-4936 FU BASF Corporation FX The study was financially supported by the BASF Corporation. Special thanks go to Bob Farlow and James Austin from BASF for their technical support and inputs. We also wish to acknowledge and thank the village health workers and participating villagers in Kyenjojo District, Uganda. NR 34 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 1 U2 7 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1475-2875 J9 MALARIA J JI Malar. J. PD OCT 13 PY 2011 VL 10 AR 299 DI 10.1186/1475-2875-10-299 PG 13 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA 845UP UT WOS:000296849300001 PM 21992483 ER PT J AU Hajjeh, R AF Hajjeh, Rana TI Accelerating introduction of new vaccines: barriers to introduction and lessons learned from the recent Haemophilus influenzae type b vaccine experience SO PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE vaccination; Haemophilus influenza type b; Hib initiative; Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunization ID CONJUGATE VACCINE; DEVELOPING-COUNTRIES; IMMUNIZATION AB Adoption of new vaccines in developing countries is critical to reducing child mortality and meeting Millennium Development Goal 4. However, such introduction has historically suffered from significant delays that can be attributed to various factors including (i) lack of recognition of the value of a vaccine, (ii) factors related to weak health systems, and (iii) policy considerations. Recently, the Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunization (GAVI) supported efforts to accelerate the introduction of Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) vaccines in developing countries, which resulted in a significant surge in vaccine adoption by these countries. The experience with Hib vaccines, as well as similar efforts by GAVI to support the introduction of new pneumococcal and rotavirus vaccines, provides a strategy for new vaccine adoption that is reviewed in this paper, providing a useful model to help accelerate the uptake of other life-saving vaccines. This strategy addresses barriers for vaccine adoption by focusing on three major areas: (i) communications to increase awareness about the various factors needed for evidence-based decisions that meet a country's health goals; (ii) research activities to answer key questions that support vaccine introduction and long-term programme sustainability; and (iii) coordination with the various stakeholders at global, regional and country levels to ensure successful programme implementation. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Bacterial Dis, NCIRD, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Hajjeh, R (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Bacterial Dis, NCIRD, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS C-25, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM rhajjeh@cdc.gov NR 22 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 2 PU ROYAL SOC PI LONDON PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND SN 0962-8436 J9 PHILOS T R SOC B JI Philos. Trans. R. Soc. B-Biol. Sci. PD OCT 12 PY 2011 VL 366 IS 1579 BP 2827 EP 2832 DI 10.1098/rstb.2011.0046 PG 6 WC Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics GA 815TW UT WOS:000294553600014 PM 21893547 ER PT J AU Wiggan, O Livengood, JA Silengo, SJ Kinney, RM Osorio, JE Huang, CYH Stinchcomb, DT AF Wiggan, O'Neil Livengood, Jill A. Silengo, Shawn J. Kinney, Richard M. Osorio, Jorge E. Huang, Claire Y. -H. Stinchcomb, Dan T. TI Novel formulations enhance the thermal stability of live-attenuated flavivirus vaccines SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Attenuated vaccine; Dengue; Flavivirus; Thermal stability; Recombinant viral vaccine ID VIRUS-VACCINE; DENGUE VIRUS; CANDIDATE VACCINE; HUMAN VOLUNTEERS; STRAIN 16681; RESPONSES; PDK-53; ADJUVANT; DELIVERY AB Thermal stability is important for the manufacture, distribution and administration of vaccines, especially in tropical developing countries, where particularly adverse field conditions exist. Current live-attenuated flavivirus vaccines exhibit relatively poor liquid stability in clinical settings, and clinicians are instructed to discard the yellow fever vaccine 1 h after reconstitution. We have identified novel combinations of excipients that greatly enhance the thermal stability of live-attenuated DEN-2 PDK-53-based flavivirus vaccine candidates. Liquid formulations comprising a sugar, albumin and a pluronic polymer minimized the loss of flavivirus infectious titer to less than 0.5 log(10) pfu after storage for at least 8 h at 37 degrees C, 7 days at room temperature or at least 11 weeks at 4 degrees C. Additionally, these formulations prevented reduction of viral infectivity after two freeze-thaw cycles of virus. Formulated candidate vaccines were readily lyophilized and reconstituted with minimal loss of viral titers. In mice, the formulations were safe and did not hinder the ability of the vaccine virus to generate a potent, protective immune response. These formulations provided significantly greater liquid-phase stability than has been reported previously for other flavivirus vaccine formulations. The enhanced thermal stability provided by the formulations described here will facilitate the effective distribution of flavivinis vaccines worldwide. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Wiggan, O'Neil; Livengood, Jill A.; Silengo, Shawn J.; Osorio, Jorge E.; Stinchcomb, Dan T.] Inviragen Inc, Ft Collins, CO 80525 USA. [Wiggan, O'Neil; Livengood, Jill A.; Silengo, Shawn J.; Osorio, Jorge E.; Stinchcomb, Dan T.] Inviragen Inc, Madison, WI USA. [Silengo, Shawn J.; Kinney, Richard M.; Huang, Claire Y. -H.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Osorio, Jorge E.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Pathobiol Sci, Sch Vet Med, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Livengood, JA (reprint author), Inviragen Inc, Ft Collins, CO 80525 USA. EM jlivengood@inviragen.com OI Stinchcomb, Dan/0000-0002-3634-7503 FU NIH [1 U01 AI070443-01]; Rocky Mountain Regional Centers for Excellence FX This work was supported by NIH grant # 1 U01 AI070443-01 and a Rocky Mountain Regional Centers for Excellence grant. NR 23 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD OCT 6 PY 2011 VL 29 IS 43 BP 7456 EP 7462 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.07.054 PG 7 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 838SC UT WOS:000296311500022 PM 21803103 ER PT J AU Carmichael, SL Gonzalez-Feliciano, AG Ma, C Shaw, GM Cogswell, ME AF Carmichael, Suzan L. Gonzalez-Feliciano, Amparo G. Ma, Chen Shaw, Gary M. Cogswell, Mary E. TI Estimated dietary phytoestrogen intake and major food sources among women during the year before pregnancy SO NUTRITION JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE phytoestrogen; lignan; isoflavone; pregnancy ID PROSTATE-CANCER RISK; FREQUENCY QUESTIONNAIRE; POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN; BIRTH-DEFECTS; GENISTEIN; VALIDATION; LIGNANS; ISOFLAVONES; METABOLITES; POPULATION AB Background: Phytoestrogens may be associated with a variety of different health outcomes, including outcomes related to reproductive health. Recently published data on phytoestrogen content of a wide range of foods provide an opportunity to improve estimation of dietary phytoestrogen intake. Methods: Using the recently published data, we estimated intake among a representative sample of 6,584 women of reproductive age from a multi-site, population-based case-control study, the National Birth Defects Prevention Study (NBDPS). The NBDPS uses a shortened version of the Willett food frequency questionnaire to estimate dietary intake during the year before pregnancy. We estimated intake among NBDPS control mothers. Results: Lignans contributed 65% of total phytoestrogen intake; isoflavones, 29%; and coumestrol, 5%. Top contributors to total phytoestrogen intake were vegetables (31%) and fruit (29%); for isoflavones, dairy (33%) and fruit (21%); for lignans, vegetables (40%) and fruit (29%); and for coumestans, fruit (55%) and dairy (18%). Hispanic women had higher phytoestrogen intake than non-Hispanic white or black women. Associations with maternal age and folic acid-containing supplements were more modest but indicated that older mothers and mothers taking supplements had higher intake. Conclusions: The advantage of the approach used for the current analysis lies in its utilization of phytoestrogen values derived from a single laboratory that used state-of-the-art measurement techniques. The database we developed can be applied directly to other studies using food frequency questionnaires, especially the Willett questionnaire. The database, combined with consistent dietary intake assessment, provides an opportunity to improve our ability to understand potential associations of phytoestrogen intake with health outcomes. C1 [Carmichael, Suzan L.; Ma, Chen; Shaw, Gary M.] Stanford Univ, Dept Pediat, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Gonzalez-Feliciano, Amparo G.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Immunizat Serv Div, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Carmichael, SL (reprint author), Stanford Univ, Dept Pediat, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. EM scarmichael@stanford.edu FU CDC [6U01DD000489]; NIH [R03HD058873] FX We thank the California Department of Public Health Maternal Child and Adolescent Health Division for providing data. This project was partially supported by CDC 6U01DD000489 and NIH R03HD058873. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the California Department of Public Health. NR 37 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 7 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1475-2891 J9 NUTR J JI Nutr. J. PD OCT 6 PY 2011 VL 10 AR 105 DI 10.1186/1475-2891-10-105 PG 9 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 834LF UT WOS:000295960300001 PM 21978267 ER PT J AU Mujugira, A Baeten, JM Donnell, D Ndase, P Mugo, NR Barnes, L Campbell, JD Wangisi, J Tappero, JW Bukusi, E Cohen, CR Katabira, E Ronald, A Tumwesigye, E Were, E Fife, KH Kiarie, J Farquhar, C John-Stewart, G Kidoguchi, L Panteleeff, D Krows, M Shah, H Revall, J Morrison, S Ondrejcek, L Ingram, C Coombs, RW Lingappa, JR Celum, C AF Mujugira, Andrew Baeten, Jared M. Donnell, Deborah Ndase, Patrick Mugo, Nelly R. Barnes, Linda Campbell, James D. Wangisi, Jonathan Tappero, Jordan W. Bukusi, Elizabeth Cohen, Craig R. Katabira, Elly Ronald, Allan Tumwesigye, Elioda Were, Edwin Fife, Kenneth H. Kiarie, James Farquhar, Carey John-Stewart, Grace Kidoguchi, Lara Panteleeff, Dana Krows, Meighan Shah, Heena Revall, Jennifer Morrison, Susan Ondrejcek, Lisa Ingram, Charlotte Coombs, Robert W. Lingappa, Jairam R. Celum, Connie CA Partners PrEp Study Team TI Characteristics of HIV-1 Serodiscordant Couples Enrolled in a Clinical Trial of Antiretroviral Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis for HIV-1 Prevention SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID TENOFOVIR DISOPROXIL FUMARATE; HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; PROSPECTIVE COHORT; RENAL SAFETY; HEPATITIS-B; TRANSMISSION; INFECTION; MACAQUES; THERAPY AB Introduction: Stable heterosexual HIV-1 serodiscordant couples in Africa have high HIV-1 transmission rates and are a critical population for evaluation of new HIV-1 prevention strategies. The Partners PrEP Study is a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of tenofovir and emtricitabine-tenofovir pre-exposure prophylaxis to decrease HIV-1 acquisition within heterosexual HIV-1 serodiscordant couples. We describe the trial design and characteristics of the study cohort. Methods: HIV-1 serodiscordant couples, in which the HIV-1 infected partner did not meet national guidelines for initiation of antiretroviral therapy, were enrolled at 9 research sites in Kenya and Uganda. The HIV-1 susceptible partner was randomized to daily oral tenofovir, emtricitabine-tenofovir, or matching placebo with monthly follow-up for 24-36 months. Results: From July 2008 to November 2010, 7920 HIV-1 serodiscordant couples were screened and 4758 enrolled. For 62% (2966/4758) of enrolled couples, the HIV-1 susceptible partner was male. Median age was 33 years for HIV-1 susceptible and HIV-1 infected partners [IQR (28-40) and (26-39) respectively]. Most couples (98%) were married, with a median duration of partnership of 7.0 years (IQR 3.0-14.0) and recent knowledge of their serodiscordant status [median 0.4 years (IQR 0.1-2.0)]. During the month prior to enrollment, couples reported a median of 4 sex acts (IQR 2-8); 27% reported unprotected sex and 14% of male and 1% of female HIV-1 susceptible partners reported sex with outside partners. Among HIV-1 infected partners, the median plasma HIV-1 level was 3.94 log(10) copies/mL (IQR 3.31-4.53) and median CD4 count was 496 cells/mu L (IQR 375-662); the majority (64%) had WHO stage 1 HIV-1 disease. Conclusions: Couples at high risk of HIV-1 transmission were rapidly recruited into the Partners PrEP Study, the largest efficacy trial of oral PrEP. (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT00557245) C1 [Mujugira, Andrew; Baeten, Jared M.; Donnell, Deborah; Ndase, Patrick; Mugo, Nelly R.; Barnes, Linda; Bukusi, Elizabeth; Farquhar, Carey; John-Stewart, Grace; Kidoguchi, Lara; Panteleeff, Dana; Krows, Meighan; Shah, Heena; Revall, Jennifer; Morrison, Susan; Lingappa, Jairam R.; Celum, Connie] Univ Washington, Dept Global Hlth, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Baeten, Jared M.; Farquhar, Carey; John-Stewart, Grace; Coombs, Robert W.; Lingappa, Jairam R.; Celum, Connie] Univ Washington, Dept Med, Seattle, WA USA. [Baeten, Jared M.; Farquhar, Carey; John-Stewart, Grace; Celum, Connie] Univ Washington, Dept Epidemiol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Coombs, Robert W.] Univ Washington, Dept Lab Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Lingappa, Jairam R.] Univ Washington, Dept Pediat, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Donnell, Deborah] Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr, Stat Ctr HIV AIDS Res & Prevent, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. [Mugo, Nelly R.; Bukusi, Elizabeth; Kiarie, James] Univ Nairobi, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Nairobi, Kenya. [Mugo, Nelly R.; Bukusi, Elizabeth; Kiarie, James] Kenyatta Natl Hosp, Nairobi, Kenya. [Campbell, James D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Entebbe, Uganda. [Wangisi, Jonathan] AIDS Support Org, Kampala, Uganda. [Tappero, Jordan W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Bukusi, Elizabeth] Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Ctr Microbiol Res, Nairobi, Kenya. [Bukusi, Elizabeth; Cohen, Craig R.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Obstet Gynecol & Reprod Sci, San Francisco, CA USA. [Katabira, Elly; Ronald, Allan] Makerere Univ, Infect Dis Inst, Kampala, Uganda. [Ronald, Allan] Univ Manitoba, Dept Med, Winnipeg, MB, Canada. [Tumwesigye, Elioda] Kabwohe Clin Res Ctr, Kabwohe, Uganda. [Were, Edwin] Moi Univ, Dept Reprod Hlth, Eldoret, Kenya. [Fife, Kenneth H.] Indiana Univ, Dept Med, Indianapolis, IN USA. [Ondrejcek, Lisa] DF Net Res Inc, Seattle, WA USA. [Ingram, Charlotte] Univ Witwatersrand, Dept Mol Med & Hematol, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Ingram, Charlotte] Wits Hlth Consortium, CLS, Johannesburg, South Africa. RP Mujugira, A (reprint author), Univ Washington, Dept Global Hlth, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. EM mujugira@uw.edu OI Ronald, Allan/0000-0002-5746-3490; Donnell, Deborah/0000-0002-0587-7480 FU Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation [47674] FX This study was supported through a research grant from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (grant ID # 47674). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 27 TC 51 Z9 53 U1 2 U2 5 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD OCT 5 PY 2011 VL 6 IS 10 AR e25828 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0025828 PG 8 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 834NA UT WOS:000295966900060 PM 21998703 ER PT J AU McCaig, LF Hicks, LA Roberts, RM Fairlie, TA AF McCaig, Linda F. Hicks, Lauri A. Roberts, Rebecca M. Fairlie, Tarayn A. TI Office-Related Antibiotic Prescribing for Persons Aged <= 14 Years-United States, 1993-1994 to 2007-2008 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 60, pg 1153-1156, 2011) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint C1 [Fairlie, Tarayn A.] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [McCaig, Linda F.] Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. RP Fairlie, TA (reprint author), CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM tfairlie@cdc.gov NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD OCT 5 PY 2011 VL 306 IS 13 BP 1432 EP 1434 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 828MZ UT WOS:000295506900009 ER PT J AU Black, CL Wooten, KG Yankey, D Kolasa, M AF Black, Carla L. Wooten, Karen G. Yankey, David Kolasa, Maureen TI National and State Vaccination Coverage Among Children Aged 19-35 Months-United States, 2010 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 60, pg 1157-1163, 2011) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint C1 [Black, Carla L.; Wooten, Karen G.; Yankey, David; Kolasa, Maureen] CDC, Immunizat Svcs Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Black, CL (reprint author), CDC, Immunizat Svcs Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM cblack2@cdc.gov NR 1 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD OCT 5 PY 2011 VL 306 IS 13 BP 1434 EP 1437 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 828MZ UT WOS:000295506900010 ER PT J AU Balsamo, G Ratard, RC Thoppil, DR Thoppil, M Pino, FV Rupprecht, CE Sprecher, AG Petersen, BW AF Balsamo, Gary Ratard, Raoult C. Thoppil, Deepu R. Thoppil, Monika Pino, Fernando V. Rupprecht, Charles E. Sprecher, Armand G. Petersen, Brett W. TI Human Rabies From Exposure to a Vampire Bat in Mexico-Louisiana, 2010 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 60, pg 1050-1052, 2011) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint C1 [Sprecher, Armand G.; Petersen, Brett W.] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Balsamo, Gary; Ratard, Raoult C.] Louisiana Dept Hlth & Hosp, Baton Rouge, LA 70821 USA. [Thoppil, Deepu R.; Thoppil, Monika] Louisiana State Univ Hosp, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. RP Petersen, BW (reprint author), CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM bpetersen@cdc.gov NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD OCT 5 PY 2011 VL 306 IS 13 BP 1437 EP 1439 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 828MZ UT WOS:000295506900011 ER PT J AU Kim, J Byun, W Sui, X Lee, DC Cheng, YLJ Blair, SN AF Kim, Jongkyu Byun, Wonwoo Sui, Xuemei Lee, Duck-chul Cheng, Yiling J. Blair, Steven N. TI Heart rate recovery after treadmill exercise testing is an independent predictor of stroke incidence in men with metabolic syndrome SO OBESITY RESEARCH & CLINICAL PRACTICE LA English DT Article DE Heart rate recovery; Graded exercise test; Cardiovascular diseases; Stroke ID TYPE-2 DIABETES-MELLITUS; ALL-CAUSE MORTALITY; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; CARDIORESPIRATORY FITNESS; ASSOCIATION; RISK; WOMEN; DYSFUNCTION; ADULTS AB Background and aims: Heart rate recovery (HRR), a measure of the heart rate which decreases after a graded exercise test, has been associated with mortality and cardiovascular diseases. However, the association between HRR and risk of stroke has not been fully determined in men with metabolic syndrome (MetS). Methods: Participants were 3886 men with MetS, aged 40-79 years, who completed a maximal exercise test during 1979-2004. We calculated 5-min HRR as the primary predictor and identified HRR tertiles; tertile 1 (<59 bpm), tertile 2 (59-71 bpm), and tertile 3 (>71 bpm). Stroke incidence was ascertained from responses to mail-back surveys during 1982-2004. Differences in baseline characteristics across HRR tertiles were examined using general linear model. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs), were estimated using Cox regression model after adjusted for potential confounders. Results: We identified 90 incident stroke cases during an average follow-up of 15.2 years. After adjusting for age-, examination year-, and survey response indicator, a significant inverse association between HRR and incident stroke was observed in men with MetS (p < 0.001). Compared with the lowest tertile of HRR, adjusted HRs in the second and third tertiles were 0.96 (0.53-1.74) and 0.41 (0.20-0.87), respectively. We also found a significant linear trend (p < 0.03) across increments of HRR. Conclusion: Delayed HRR was independently associated the higher risk of incident stroke in men with MetS. This suggests that HRR have prognostic value of stroke risk for men with MetS. (C) 2011 Asian Oceanian Association for the Study of Obesity. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Kim, Jongkyu] Korea Natl Sport Univ, Sports Sci Inst, Seoul 138763, South Korea. [Byun, Wonwoo; Sui, Xuemei; Lee, Duck-chul; Blair, Steven N.] Univ S Carolina, Dept Exercise Sci, Arnold Sch Publ Hlth, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. [Cheng, Yiling J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Diabet Translat, Atlanta, GA USA. [Blair, Steven N.] Univ S Carolina, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, Arnold Sch Publ Hlth, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. RP Kim, J (reprint author), Korea Natl Sport Univ, Sports Sci Inst, 88-15 Oryun Dong, Seoul 138763, South Korea. EM swrhrnak@gmail.com FU National Institutes of Health [AG06945, HL62508, R21 DK088195]; Coca-Cola Company FX This study was supported by National Institutes of Health grants AG06945, HL62508, R21 DK088195 (to X Sui from the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Disease), and in part by an unrestricted research grant from The Coca-Cola Company. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official views of the National Institutes of Health. We thank all the Cooper Clinic physicians and technicians for collecting the baseline data, and staff at the Cooper Institute for data entry and data management. NR 36 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1871-403X J9 OBES RES CLIN PRACT JI Obes. Res. Clin. Pract. PD OCT-DEC PY 2011 VL 5 IS 4 BP E295 EP E303 DI 10.1016/j.orcp.2011.03.007 PG 9 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 981GX UT WOS:000306956100004 ER PT J AU van Deventer, HE Miller, WG Myers, GL Sakurabayashi, I Bachmann, LM Caudill, SP Dziekonski, A Edwards, S Kimberly, MM Korzun, WJ Leary, ET Nakajima, K Nakamura, M Shamburek, RD Vetrovec, GW Warnick, GR Remaley, AT AF van Deventer, Hendrick E. Miller, W. Greg Myers, Gary L. Sakurabayashi, Ikunosuke Bachmann, Lorin M. Caudill, Samuel P. Dziekonski, Andrzej Edwards, Selvin Kimberly, Mary M. Korzun, William J. Leary, Elizabeth T. Nakajima, Katsuyuki Nakamura, Masakazu Shamburek, Robert D. Vetrovec, George W. Warnick, G. Russell Remaley, Alan T. TI Non-HDL cholesterol shows improved accuracy for cardiovascular risk score classification compared to direct or calculated ldl cholesterol in a dyslipidemic population SO ACTA BIOQUIMICA CLINICA LATINOAMERICANA LA Spanish DT Article ID DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL; CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE; APOLIPOPROTEIN-A-I; VASCULAR-DISEASE; ARTERY DISEASE; LIPID MEASURES; PLASMA; EVENTS; WOMEN; STANDARDIZATION AB Backgound: Our objective was to evaluate the accuracy of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk score classification by direct LDL cholesterol (dLDL-C), calculated LDL cholesterol (cLDL-C), and non-HDL cholesterol (non-HDL-C) compared to classification by reference measurement procedures (RMPs) performed at the CDC. Methods: We examined 175 individuals, including 138 with CVD or conditions that may affect LDL-C measurement. dLDL-C measurements were performed using Denka, Kyowa, Sekisui, Serotec, Sysmex, UMA, and Wako reagents. cLDL-C was calculated by the Friedewald equation, using each manufacturer's direct HDL-C assay measurements, and total cholesterol and triglyceride measurements by Roche and Siemens (Advia) assays, respectively. Results: For participants with triglycerides <2.26 mmol/L (<200 mg/dL), the overall misclassification rate for the CVD risk score ranged from 5% to 17% for cLDL-C methods and 8% to 26% for dLDL-C methods when compared to the RMP. Only Wako dLDL-C had fewer misclassifications than its corresponding cLDL-C method (8% vs 17%; P < 0.05). Non-HDL-C assays misclassified fewer patients than dLDL-C for 4 of 8 methods (P < 0.05). For participants with triglycerides < 2.26 mmol/L (200 mg/dL) and < 4.52 mmol/L (< 400 mg/dL), dLDL-C methods, in general, performed better than cLDL-C methods, and non-HDL-C methods showed better correspondence to the RMP for CVD risk score than either dLDL-C or cLDL-C methods. Conclusions: Except for hypertriglyceridemic individuals, 7 of 8 dLDL-C methods failed to show improved CVD risk score classification over the corresponding cLDL-C methods. Non-HDL-C showed overall the best concordance with the RMP for CVD risk score classification of both normal and hypertriglyceridemic individuals. C1 [Remaley, Alan T.] NIH, Dept Lab Med, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Miller, W. Greg; Bachmann, Lorin M.; Dziekonski, Andrzej; Korzun, William J.; Vetrovec, George W.] Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Richmond, VA USA. [Myers, Gary L.; Caudill, Samuel P.; Edwards, Selvin; Kimberly, Mary M.] Ctr Dis Control Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Sakurabayashi, Ikunosuke] Jichi Med Univ, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan. [Leary, Elizabeth T.] Pacific Biomarkers & Pacific Biometr Res Fdn, Seattle, WA USA. [Nakajima, Katsuyuki] Otsuka Pharmaceut Co Ltd, Tokyo, Japan. [Nakamura, Masakazu] Osaka Med Ctr Hlth Sci & Promot, Osaka, Japan. [Warnick, G. Russell] Hlth Diagnost Lab, Richmond, VA USA. RP Remaley, AT (reprint author), NIH, Dept Lab Med, Bldg 10,Room 2C-433,10 Ctr Dr,MSC 1508, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM aremaley1@cc.nih.gov NR 37 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU FEDERACION BIOQUIMICA PROVINCIA BUENOS AIRES PI LA PLATA, BUENOS AIRES PA CALLE 6, NO. 1344, 1900 LA PLATA, BUENOS AIRES, ARGENTINA SN 0325-2957 J9 ACTA BIOQUIM CLIN L JI Acta Bioquim. Clin. Latinoam. PD OCT-DEC PY 2011 VL 45 IS 4 BP 773 EP 784 PG 12 WC Medical Laboratory Technology SC Medical Laboratory Technology GA 975KY UT WOS:000306511400036 ER PT J AU Cunningham, SA Riosmena, F Wang, J Boyle, JP Rolka, DB Geiss, LS AF Cunningham, Solveig A. Riosmena, Fernando Wang, Jing Boyle, James P. Rolka, Deborah B. Geiss, Linda S. TI Decreases in Diabetes-Free Life Expectancy in the US and the Role of Obesity SO DIABETES CARE LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; PREVALENCE; OVERWEIGHT; MELLITUS; ADULTS; TRENDS; MORTALITY; WEIGHT; HEIGHT; RISK AB OBJECTIVE-With increasing life expectancy in the U.S., it is important to know whether a longer life expectancy means a longer healthy life span or a prolonged period of later-life morbidity. This study examines changes in lifetime without diabetes, a leading cause of morbidity in later lire. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS-Using demographic methods and nationally representative data, we estimated changes in diabetes-free life expectancy between 1.980-1989 and 2000-2004 for adult men and women in the U.S., estimated the contribution of changes in age-specific diabetes rates, and examined the changing effects of weight status on diabetes risks. RESULTS-While life expectancy at age 18 for men and women increased between the 1980s and the 2000s, diabetes-free life expectancy at age 18 decreased by 1.7 years for men and 1.5 years for women. The proportion of 18-year-olds who would develop diabetes in their lifetimes increased by almost 50% among women and almost doubled among men. Obese individuals experienced the greatest losses in diabetes-free life expectancy during this period, estimated at 5.6 years for men and 2.5 years for women. CONCLUSIONS-Diabetes-free life expectancy decreased for both men and women between 1.980-1989 and 2000-2004, and these decreases are almost entirely attributable to large increases in diabetes incidence among obese individuals. C1 [Cunningham, Solveig A.] Emory Univ, Hubert Dept Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Riosmena, Fernando] Univ Colorado, Dept Geog, Inst Behav Sci, Populat Program, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. [Wang, Jing; Boyle, James P.; Rolka, Deborah B.; Geiss, Linda S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Diabet Translat, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Cunningham, SA (reprint author), Emory Univ, Hubert Dept Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. EM sargese@sph.emory.edu RI Cunningham, Solveig/K-6760-2012 OI Cunningham, Solveig/0000-0002-2354-1526 FU NICHD NIH HHS [P2C HD066613, R24 HD066613-02, R24 HD066613] NR 25 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER DIABETES ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1701 N BEAUREGARD ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22311-1717 USA SN 0149-5992 J9 DIABETES CARE JI Diabetes Care PD OCT PY 2011 VL 34 IS 10 BP 2225 EP 2230 DI 10.2337/dc11-0462 PG 6 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 910AG UT WOS:000301609000018 PM 21949220 ER PT J AU Tribaldos, M Zaldivar, Y Bermudez, S Samudio, F Mendoza, Y Martinez, AA Villalobos, R Eremeeva, ME Paddock, CD Page, K Smith, RE Pascale, JM AF Tribaldos, Maribel Zaldivar, Yamitzel Bermudez, Sergio Samudio, Franklyn Mendoza, Yaxelis Martinez, Alexander A. Villalobos, Rodrigo Eremeeva, Marina E. Paddock, Christopher D. Page, Kathleen Smith, Rebecca E. Pascale, Juan Miguel TI Rocky Mountain spotted fever in Panama: a cluster description SO JOURNAL OF INFECTION IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES LA English DT Article DE Rickettsia rickettsii; cluster analysis; Panama; Rocky Mountain spotted fever; pregnancy; Central America ID RICKETTSIA-MASSILIAE; UNITED-STATES; ARGENTINA; BRAZIL AB Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF) is a tick-borne infection caused by Rickettsia rickettsii. We report a cluster of fatal cases of RMSF in 2007 in Panama, involving a pregnant woman and two children from the same family. The woman presented with a fever followed by respiratory distress, maculopapular rash, and an eschar at the site from which a tick had been removed. She died four days after disease onset. This is the second published report of an eschar in a patient confirmed by PCR to be infected with R. rickettsii. One month later, the children presented within days of one another with fever and rash and died three and four days after disease onset. The diagnosis was confirmed by immunohistochemistry, PCR and sequencing of the genes of R. rickettsii in tissues obtained at autopsy. C1 [Tribaldos, Maribel; Zaldivar, Yamitzel; Bermudez, Sergio; Samudio, Franklyn; Mendoza, Yaxelis; Martinez, Alexander A.; Smith, Rebecca E.; Pascale, Juan Miguel] Gorgas Mem Inst Hlth Studies, Genom & Prote Dept, Panama City, Panama. [Villalobos, Rodrigo] Hosp Santo Tomas, Dept Pathol, Panama City, Panama. [Eremeeva, Marina E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Rickettsial Zoonoses Branch, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Paddock, Christopher D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Infect Dis Pathol Branch, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Page, Kathleen] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Pascale, Juan Miguel] Univ Panama, Sch Med, Microbiol Dept, Panama City, Panama. RP Pascale, JM (reprint author), Gorgas Mem Inst Hlth Studies, Genom & Prote Dept, Panama City, Panama. EM jpascale@gorgas.gob.pa RI Martinez Caballero, Alexander Augusto/F-7702-2011 NR 25 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 7 PU J INFECTION DEVELOPING COUNTRIES PI TRAMANIGLIO PA JIDC CENT OFF PORTO CONTE RICERCHE RES CTR, S P 55, PORTO CONTE CAPO CACCIA KM 8.400 LOC, TRAMANIGLIO, 07041, ITALY SN 1972-2680 J9 J INFECT DEV COUNTR JI J. Infect. Dev. Ctries. PD OCT PY 2011 VL 5 IS 10 BP 737 EP 741 PG 5 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 905JE UT WOS:000301267500010 PM 21997944 ER PT J AU Pinkerton, SD Chesson, HW Crosby, RA Layde, PM AF Pinkerton, Steven D. Chesson, Harrell W. Crosby, Richard A. Layde, Peter M. TI Linearity and Nonlinearity in HIV/STI Transmission: Implications for the Evaluation of Sexual Risk Reduction Interventions SO EVALUATION REVIEW LA English DT Article DE outcome evaluation (other than economic evaluation); design and evaluation of programs and policies; measurement; methodology (if appropriate) ID PREVENTION TRIALS; HIV; BEHAVIOR; INFECTION; MODEL; AIDS AB A mathematical model of HIV/sexually transmitted infections (STI) transmission was used to examine how linearity or nonlinearity in the relationship between the number of unprotected sex acts (or the number of sex partners) and the risk of acquiring HIV or a highly infectious STI (such as gonorrhea or chlamydia) affects the utility of sexual behavior change measures as indicators of the effectiveness of HIV/STI risk-reduction interventions. Findings indicate that the risk of acquiring HIV through vaginal intercourse is essentially a linear function of the number of unprotected sex acts and is nearly independent of the number of sex partners. Consequently, the number of unprotected sex acts is an excellent marker for the risk of acquiring HIV through vaginal intercourse, whereas the number of sex partners is largely uninformative. In general, the number of unprotected sex acts is not an adequate marker for the risk of acquiring a highly infectious STI due to the highly nonlinear per act transmission dynamics of these STIs. The number of sex partners is a reasonable indicator of STI risk only under highly circumscribed conditions. A theoretical explanation for this pattern of results is provided. The contrasting extent to which HIV and highly infectious STIs deviate from the linearity assumption that underlies sexual behavior outcome measures has important implications for the use of these measures to assess the effectiveness of HIV/STI risk-reduction interventions. C1 [Pinkerton, Steven D.] Med Coll Wisconsin, Ctr AIDS Intervent Res, Dept Psychiat & Behav Med, Milwaukee, WI 53202 USA. [Chesson, Harrell W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Crosby, Richard A.] Univ Kentucky, Coll Publ Hlth, Lexington, KY USA. [Layde, Peter M.] Med Coll Wisconsin, Dept Emergency Med, Milwaukee, WI 53202 USA. RP Pinkerton, SD (reprint author), Med Coll Wisconsin, Ctr AIDS Intervent Res, Dept Psychiat & Behav Med, 2071 N Summit Ave, Milwaukee, WI 53202 USA. EM pinkrton@mcw.edu FU NIMH NIH HHS [R01-MH72474, P30-MH52776, P30 MH052776, R01 MH072474] NR 26 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0193-841X J9 EVALUATION REV JI Eval. Rev. PD OCT PY 2011 VL 35 IS 5 BP 550 EP 565 DI 10.1177/0193841X11432196 PG 16 WC Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary SC Social Sciences - Other Topics GA 881GJ UT WOS:000299470300004 PM 22201639 ER PT J AU MacCannell, T Umscheid, CA Agarwal, RK Lee, I Kuntz, G Stevenson, KB AF MacCannell, Taranisia Umscheid, Craig A. Agarwal, Rajender K. Lee, Ingi Kuntz, Gretchen Stevenson, Kurt B. CA HICPAC TI Guideline for the Prevention and Control of Norovirus Gastroenteritis Outbreaks in Healthcare Settings SO INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material ID NORWALK-LIKE VIRUS; LINKED-IMMUNOSORBENT-ASSAY; REVERSE TRANSCRIPTION-PCR; ROUND STRUCTURED VIRUS; ACUTE NONBACTERIAL GASTROENTERITIS; COMMERCIAL ENZYME IMMUNOASSAYS; POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; GENOGROUP-II NOROVIRUSES; FOOD-CONTACT SURFACE; REAL-TIME DETECTION C1 [MacCannell, Taranisia] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. [Umscheid, Craig A.; Agarwal, Rajender K.; Lee, Ingi; Kuntz, Gretchen] Univ Penn Hlth Syst, Ctr Evidence Based Practice, Philadelphia, PA USA. [Stevenson, Kurt B.] Ohio State Univ, Div Infect Dis, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. RP MacCannell, T (reprint author), 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS A-24, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. NR 205 TC 47 Z9 48 U1 0 U2 11 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0899-823X J9 INFECT CONT HOSP EP JI Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol. PD OCT PY 2011 VL 32 IS 10 BP 939 EP 969 DI 10.1086/662025 PG 31 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 876BX UT WOS:000299083100001 PM 21931246 ER PT J AU Mu, Y Edwards, JR Horan, TC Berrios-Torres, SI Fridkin, SK AF Mu, Yi Edwards, Jonathan R. Horan, Teresa C. Berrios-Torres, Sandra I. Fridkin, Scott K. TI Improving Risk-Adjusted Measures of Surgical Site Infection for the National Healthcare Safety Network SO INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID BYPASS GRAFT-SURGERY; NOSOCOMIAL INFECTIONS; CARDIAC-SURGERY; WOUND-INFECTION; INDEX; SURVEILLANCE; RATES; HOSPITALS AB BACKGROUND. The National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN) has provided simple risk adjustment of surgical site infection (SSI) rates to participating hospitals to facilitate quality improvement activities; improved risk models were developed and evaluated. METHODS. Data reported to the NHSN for all operative procedures performed from January 1, 2006, through December 31, 2008, were analyzed. Only SSIs related to the primary incision site were included. A common set of patient-and hospital-specific variables were evaluated as potential SSI risk factors by univariate analysis. Some ific variables were available for inclusion. Stepwise logistic regression was used to develop the specific risk models by procedure category. Bootstrap resampling was used to validate the models, and the c-index was used to compare the predictive power of new procedure-specific risk models with that of the models with the NHSN risk index as the only variable (NHSN risk index model). RESULTS. From January 1, 2006, through December 31, 2008, 847 hospitals in 43 states reported a total of 849,659 procedures and 16,147 primary incisional SSIs (risk, 1.90%) among 39 operative procedure categories. Overall, the median c-index of the new procedure-specific risk was greater (0.67 [range, 0.59-0.85]) than the median c-index of the NHSN risk index models (0.60 [range, 0.51-0.77]); for 33 of 39 procedures, the new procedure-specific models yielded a higher c-index than did the NHSN risk index models. CONCLUSIONS. A set of new risk models developed using existing data elements collected through the NHSN improves predictive performance, compared with the traditional NHSN risk index stratification. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2011;32(10):970-986 C1 [Mu, Yi; Edwards, Jonathan R.; Horan, Teresa C.; Berrios-Torres, Sandra I.; Fridkin, Scott K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Mu, Y (reprint author), 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS A-24, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM hrb3@cdc.gov NR 33 TC 122 Z9 126 U1 0 U2 8 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0899-823X J9 INFECT CONT HOSP EP JI Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol. PD OCT PY 2011 VL 32 IS 10 BP 970 EP 986 DI 10.1086/662016 PG 17 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 876BX UT WOS:000299083100002 PM 21931247 ER PT J AU Wendelboe, AM Avery, C Andrade, B Baumbach, J Landen, MG AF Wendelboe, Aaron M. Avery, Catherine Andrade, Bernardo Baumbach, Joan Landen, Michael G. TI Importance of Employee Vaccination against Influenza in Preventing Cases in Long-Term Care Facilities SO INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID INFECTIOUS-DISEASES SOCIETY; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; NURSING-HOMES; WORKERS; RESIDENTS; GUIDELINE; MORTALITY; AMERICA; STAFF AB OBJECTIVE. Employees of long-term care facilities (LTCFs) who have contact with residents should be vaccinated against influenza annually to reduce influenza incidence among residents. This investigation estimated the magnitude of the benefit of this recommendation. METHODS. The New Mexico Department of Health implemented active surveillance in all of its 75 LTCFs during influenza seasons 2006-2007 and 2007-2008. Information about the number of laboratory-confirmed cases of influenza and the proportion vaccinated of both residents and direct-care employees in each facility was collected monthly. LTCFs reporting at least 1 case of influenza (defined alternately by laboratory confirmation or symptoms of influenza-like illness [ILI]) among residents were compared with LTCFs reporting no cases of influenza. Regression modeling was used to obtain adjusted odds ratios (aORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association between employee vaccination coverage and the occurrence of influenza outbreaks. Covariates included vaccination coverage among residents, the staff-to-resident ratio, and the proportion of filled beds. RESULTS. Seventeen influenza outbreaks were reported during this 2-year period of surveillance. Eleven of these were laboratory confirmed (residents) and 6 were n = 21 defined by ILI (n = 40 residents). Mean influenza vaccination coverage among direct-care employees was 51% in facilities reporting outbreaks and 60% in facilities not reporting outbreaks (Pp. 12). Increased vaccination coverage among direct-care employees was associated with fewer reported outbreaks of laboratory-confirmed influenza (aOR, 0.97 [95% CI, 0.95-0.99]) and ILI (aOR, 0.98 [95% CI, 0.96-1.00]). CONCLUSIONS. High vaccination coverage among direct-care employees helps to prevent influenza in LTCFs. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2011;32(10):990-997 C1 [Wendelboe, Aaron M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. [Wendelboe, Aaron M.; Avery, Catherine; Baumbach, Joan; Landen, Michael G.] New Mexico Dept Hlth, Epidemiol & Response Div, Santa Fe, NM USA. [Andrade, Bernardo] Univ Oklahoma, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Biostat & Epidemiol, Oklahoma City, OK USA. RP Wendelboe, AM (reprint author), Univ Oklahoma Hlth Sci, Dept Biostat & Epidemiol, Coll Publ Hlth, 801 NE 13th St,Room 323, Oklahoma City, OK 73104 USA. EM Aaron-Wendelboe@ouhsc.edu NR 21 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 2 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0899-823X J9 INFECT CONT HOSP EP JI Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol. PD OCT PY 2011 VL 32 IS 10 BP 990 EP 997 DI 10.1086/661916 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 876BX UT WOS:000299083100004 PM 21931249 ER PT J AU Diekema, D Johannsson, B Herwaldt, L Beekmann, S Jernigan, J Kallen, A Berrios-Torres, S Polgreen, P AF Diekema, Daniel Johannsson, Birgir Herwaldt, Loreen Beekmann, Susan Jernigan, John Kallen, Alexander Berrios-Torres, Sandra Polgreen, Philip TI Current Practice in Staphylococcus aureus Screening and Decolonization SO INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SURGICAL-SITE INFECTIONS; MUPIROCIN; CARRIAGE AB We surveyed infectious disease physicians to determine their preoperative Staphylococcus aureus screening and decolonization practices. Sixty percent reported preoperative screening for S. aureus. However, specific screening and decolonization practices are highly variable, are focused almost exclusively on methicillin-resistant S. aureus, and do not include testing for mupirocin or chlorhexidine resistance. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2011;32(10):1042-1044 C1 [Diekema, Daniel; Johannsson, Birgir; Herwaldt, Loreen; Beekmann, Susan; Polgreen, Philip] Univ Iowa, Carver Coll Med, Dept Internal Med, Div Infect Dis, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. [Jernigan, John; Kallen, Alexander; Berrios-Torres, Sandra] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Polgreen, Philip] Univ Iowa, Coll Publ Hlth, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. RP Diekema, D (reprint author), Univ Iowa, Carver Coll Med, Dept Internal Med, Div Infect Dis,SW Gen Hosp 54, 200 Hawkins Dr, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. EM daniel-diekema@uiowa.edu OI Diekema, Daniel/0000-0003-1273-0724 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [U50 CCU112346]; bioMerieux FX This publication was supported by grant/cooperative agreement U50 CCU112346 from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.; D.D. has received research funding from bioMerieux. All other authors report no conflicts of interest relevant to this article. NR 10 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 2 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0899-823X J9 INFECT CONT HOSP EP JI Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol. PD OCT PY 2011 VL 32 IS 10 BP 1042 EP 1044 DI 10.1086/661917 PG 3 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 876BX UT WOS:000299083100013 PM 21931258 ER PT J AU Liu, Y Holland, AE Mack, K Diekman, S AF Liu, Ying Holland, Amy E. Mack, Karin Diekman, Shane TI Disparities in the prevalence of smoke alarms in US households: Conclusions drawn from published case studies SO JOURNAL OF SAFETY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Smoke alarms; Fire injury; Home safety; Injury prevention; Home visits; Home inspections; Intervention ID SAFETY PRACTICES; HOME SAFETY; INJURY; COMMUNITY AB Introduction: Deaths from fires and burns are a leading cause of fatal home injury in the United States. Smoke alarms are one of the most effective interventions to prevent residential fire deaths. Nationwide, more than 95% of homes are estimated to have at least one smoke alarm. There is evidence that homes at highest risk of fire deaths lag behind national averages in smoke alarm use and maintenance, Method: We compiled a comprehensive list of published studies that focus on smoke alarm prevalence in high-risk homes. Our findings show that there are substantial gaps in both smoke alarm presence and functional status between high-risk homes and national average estimates. Conclusions: To save more lives, improved efforts are needed to reduce the disparity in smoke alarm prevalence and functional use in the United States. (C) 2011 National Safety Council and Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Liu, Ying; Mack, Karin; Diekman, Shane] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Holland, AE (reprint author), 4770 Buford Hwy NE,Mailstop F62, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM aholland@cdc.gov RI Mack, Karin/A-3263-2012 OI Mack, Karin/0000-0001-9274-3001 NR 22 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 8 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-4375 J9 J SAFETY RES JI J. Saf. Res. PD OCT PY 2011 VL 42 IS 5 BP 409 EP 413 DI 10.1016/j.jsr.2011.10.001 PG 5 WC Ergonomics; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary; Transportation SC Engineering; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences - Other Topics; Transportation GA 864AS UT WOS:000298210000012 PM 22093576 ER EF