FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Yoon, SS Carroll, MD Johnson, CL Gu, QP AF Yoon, Sung Sug (Sarah) Carroll, Margaret D. Johnson, Clifford L. Gu, Qiuping TI Cholesterol Management in the United States: The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1999 to 2006 SO ANNALS OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Cholesterol; NHANES; Management ID CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; HEART-DISEASE; HYPERTENSIVE PATIENTS; SOCIOECONOMIC-STATUS; PRIMARY-CARE; RISK-FACTORS; US ADULTS; STROKE; PREVENTION; EDUCATION AB OBJECTIVES: This study assesses (1) the prevalence of ever having a blood test for cholesterol, (2) current practices of following advice from a health care professional to manage high cholesterol, and (3) the association between total serum cholesterol level and following the advice. METHODS: A total of 17,260 adults aged 20 and older participated in the interview and medical examination in National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (1999-2006). Cholesterol management was examined among adults previously diagnosed with high cholesterol who were advised to change their lifestyles through low-fat diets, weight loss, or exercise and/or to take medications. Five analytic groups were defined: (1) Those taking medications only, (2) those making one or more lifestyle changes, (3) those making one or two lifestyle changes and taking medications, (4) those making three lifestyle changes and taking medications, and (5) those not following any advice. RESULTS: Between 69% and 80% of adults advised to lower cholesterol reported following advice to control their cholesterol. Adults on medication only and adults with lifestyle changes and medication were more likely to have cholesterol level below 240 mg/dL compared with adults with lifestyle changes only (medication only: odds ratio [OR], 2.7; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.3-5.8); one or two lifestyle changes and medication: OR, 4.1; 95% CI, 3.1-5.4; three lifestyle changes and medication: OR, 4.3; 95% CI, 3.0-6.2; referent: one or two or three lifestyle changes). CONCLUSION: The combination of medication and lifestyle changes was more strongly associated with decreasing cholesterol compared with making one or more lifestyle changes without medication use. Ann Epidemiol 2011; 21:318-326. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Yoon, Sung Sug (Sarah); Carroll, Margaret D.; Johnson, Clifford L.; Gu, Qiuping] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Div Hlth & Nutr Examinat Survey, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. RP Yoon, SS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Div Hlth & Nutr Examinat Survey, 3311 Toledo Rd,Room 4331, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. EM syoon1@cdc.gov NR 28 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1047-2797 EI 1873-2585 J9 ANN EPIDEMIOL JI Ann. Epidemiol. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 21 IS 5 BP 318 EP 326 DI 10.1016/j.annepidem.2011.01.004 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 750ZE UT WOS:000289586200002 PM 21458724 ER PT J AU Loo, LWM Wang, YH Flynn, EM Lund, MJ Bowles, EJA Buist, DSM Liff, JM Flagg, EW Coates, RJ Eley, JW Hsu, L Porter, PL AF Loo, Lenora W. M. Wang, Yinghui Flynn, Erin M. Lund, Mary Jo Bowles, Erin J. Aiello Buist, Diana S. M. Liff, Jonathan M. Flagg, Elaine W. Coates, Ralph J. Eley, J. William Hsu, Li Porter, Peggy L. TI Genome-wide copy number alterations in subtypes of invasive breast cancers in young white and African American women SO BREAST CANCER RESEARCH AND TREATMENT LA English DT Article DE Breast cancer; Triple negative; Genomic alteration; Array comparative genomic hybridization; Young women ID TRIPLE-NEGATIVE PHENOTYPE; ESTROGEN-RECEPTOR; SOCIOECONOMIC-STATUS; RACIAL-DIFFERENCES; EXPRESSION; SURVIVAL; GENE; PATTERNS; BASAL; RACE AB Genomic copy number alterations (CNA) are common in breast cancer. Identifying characteristic CNAs associated with specific breast cancer subtypes is a critical step in defining potential mechanisms of disease initiation and progression. We used genome-wide array comparative genomic hybridization to identify distinctive CNAs in breast cancer subtypes from 259 young (diagnosed with breast cancer at < 55 years) African American (AA) and Caucasian American (CA) women originally enrolled in a larger population-based study. We compared the average frequency of CNAs across the whole genome for each breast tumor subtype and found that estrogen receptor (ER)-negative tumors had a higher average frequency of genome-wide gain (P < 0.0001) and loss (P = 0.02) compared to ER-positive tumors. Triple-negative (TN) tumors had a higher average frequency of genome-wide gain (P < 0.0001) and loss (P = 0.003) than non-TN tumors. No significant difference in CNA frequency was observed between HER2-positive and -negative tumors. We also identified previously unreported recurrent CNAs (frequency > 40%) for TN breast tumors at 10q, 11p, 11q, 16q, 20p, and 20q. In addition, we report CNAs that differ in frequency between TN breast tumors of AA and CA women. This is of particular relevance because TN breast cancer is associated with higher mortality and young AA women have higher rates of TN breast tumors compared to CA women. These data support the possibility that higher overall frequency of genomic alteration events as well as specific focal CNAs in TN breast tumors might contribute in part to the poor breast cancer prognosis for young AA women. C1 [Loo, Lenora W. M.; Flynn, Erin M.; Porter, Peggy L.] Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr, Div Human Biol, Seattle, WA 98109 USA. [Wang, Yinghui; Hsu, Li; Porter, Peggy L.] Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr, Div Publ Hlth Sci, Seattle, WA 98109 USA. [Porter, Peggy L.] Univ Washington, Dept Pathol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Lund, Mary Jo; Liff, Jonathan M.] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Bowles, Erin J. Aiello; Buist, Diana S. M.] Grp Hlth Cooperat Puget Sound, Grp Hlth Res Inst, Seattle, WA USA. [Flagg, Elaine W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA USA. [Coates, Ralph J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Off Publ Hlth Genom, Atlanta, GA USA. [Lund, Mary Jo; Eley, J. William] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Porter, PL (reprint author), Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr, Div Human Biol, 1100 Fairview Ave N C1-015, Seattle, WA 98109 USA. EM pporter@fhcrc.org FU NCI [RO1 CA64292, R01 CA098415] FX The authors would like to thank Stephanie Stafford for assistance with data management and analysis, the leadership and staff of the FHCRC DNA Array Facility and Jeri Glogovac for flow sorting of tumor samples. The study was supported by funding from NCI RO1 CA64292, P. I. William Eley; NCI R01 CA098415, P. I. Peggy Porter. NR 46 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 4 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0167-6806 J9 BREAST CANCER RES TR JI Breast Cancer Res. Treat. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 127 IS 1 BP 297 EP 308 DI 10.1007/s10549-010-1297-x PG 12 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 747DL UT WOS:000289300400035 PM 21264507 ER PT J AU Manivannan, B Rawson, P Jordan, TW Karanja, DMS Mwinzi, PNM Secor, WE La Flamme, AC AF Manivannan, Bhagyashree Rawson, Pisana Jordan, T. William Karanja, Diana M. S. Mwinzi, Pauline N. M. Secor, William Evan La Flamme, Anne Camille TI Identification of Cytokeratin 18 as a Biomarker of Mouse and Human Hepatosplenic Schistosomiasis SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID CHRONIC HEPATITIS-C; LIVER FIBROSIS; MURINE SCHISTOSOMIASIS; KERATIN CYTOSKELETON; MANSONI INFECTIONS; TISSUE; MICE; HYDROXYPROLINE; PROGRESSION; PROTEINS AB Previously, we demonstrated unique protein expression patterns in 20-week-Schistosoma mansoni-infected CBA/J mice with moderate splenomegaly syndrome (MSS) or hypersplemomegaly syndrome (HSS). To better understand the development of severe pathology, we compared the two-dimensional differential in-gel electrophoresis (2D-DIGE) proteomic signatures of livers from uninfected mice and mice infected for 6, 8, 12, or 20 weeks and found significant changes in collagen isoforms, interleukin-2 (IL-2), cytokeratin 18, hydroxyproline, S. mansoni phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase, major urinary protein isoforms, and peroxiredoxin 6. Cytokeratin 18, hydroxyproline, and connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) were chosen for analysis in mouse and human sera using targeted biochemical assays. Consistent with the liver analysis, cytokeratin 18, CTGF, and hydroxyproline were significantly elevated in sera from mice with HSS compared to those from uninfected mice or mice with MSS. Moreover, cytokeratin 18 and CTGF were found to be markers for subjects with hepatosplenic and intestinal schistosomiasis, respectively, while serum hydroxyproline was a strong indicator of fibrosis for severe HS. These findings indicate that schistosome-associated changes to the liver can be detected in the serum and reveal the potential for cytokeratin 18 to be used as a diagnostic marker for early detection of hepatosplenic schistosomiasis. C1 [Manivannan, Bhagyashree; Rawson, Pisana; Jordan, T. William; La Flamme, Anne Camille] Victoria Univ Wellington, Sch Biol Sci, Wellington, New Zealand. [Manivannan, Bhagyashree; Rawson, Pisana; Jordan, T. William; La Flamme, Anne Camille] Victoria Univ Wellington, Ctr Biodiscovery, Wellington, New Zealand. [Karanja, Diana M. S.; Mwinzi, Pauline N. M.] Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Ctr Vector Biol & Control Res, Kisumu, Kenya. [Secor, William Evan] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP La Flamme, AC (reprint author), Victoria Univ Wellington, Sch Biol Sci, POB 600, Wellington, New Zealand. EM anne.laflamme@vuw.ac.nz FU University Research Fund; Wellington Medical Research Foundation; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA; NIH-NIAID [N01-A1-55270, R01 053695] FX This work was supported by funds from the University Research Fund and Wellington Medical Research Foundation. The mouse and human serum analysis at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, was possible due to the following travel grants: New Zealand Postgraduate Study Abroad Awards 2009, J. L. and Kathleen Stewart Research Experience Awards 2009, and Victoria University of Wellington Faculty Strategic Research Grant 2009. Schistosome life cycle stages for this work were supplied through NIH-NIAID contract N01-A1-55270. Collection of human sera and ultrasound analyses were supported in part by NIH/NIAID grant R01 053695. NR 34 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0019-9567 EI 1098-5522 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 79 IS 5 BP 2051 EP 2058 DI 10.1128/IAI.01214-10 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 752EP UT WOS:000289672700027 PM 21357724 ER PT J AU Okomo-Adhiambo, M Sleeman, K Ballenger, K Nguyen, HT Mishin, VP Sheu, TG Smagala, J Klimov, AI Gubareva, LV AF Okomo-Adhiambo, Margaret Sleeman, Katrina Ballenger, Kristina Nguyen, Ha T. Mishin, Vasiliy P. Sheu, Tiffany G. Smagala, James Klimov, Alexander I. Gubareva, Larisa V. TI Susceptibility of human influenza viruses to neuraminidase inhibitors (season 2008-2009) SO INFLUENZA AND OTHER RESPIRATORY VIRUSES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Options for the Control of Influenza VII CY SEP 03-07, 2010 CL Hong Kong, PEOPLES R CHINA DE Oseltamivir; pandemic H1N1; peramivir; seasonal influenza A and B; zanamivir ID ISOLATED WORLDWIDE; A(H1N1) VIRUSES; UNITED-STATES; A VIRUSES; RESISTANCE; SURVEILLANCE; H1N1; VARIANTS; A(H3N2) AB Antiviral drugs play an essential role in managing infections caused by seasonal and pandemic influenza viruses. Due to the high prevalence of damantine resistance among seasonal influenza A viruses circulating in certain geographic regions, neuraminidase inhibitors (NAIs) are presently the only effective antiviral drugs for treatment and chemoprophylaxis of both seasonal and pandemic influenza infections. NAI susceptibilities of virus isolates collected during the 2008-2009 influenza season were assessed in the chemiluminescent neuraminidase inhibition (NI) assay. Among seasonal influenza A (H1N1) viruses tested, similar to 90% were outliers for oseltamivir and harbored the oseltamivir-resistance conferring H275Y mutation in the neuraminidase (NA), while only similar to 1% of pandemic 2009 influenza A (H1N1) viruses (H1N1pdm) were resistant to oseltamivir. All influenza A (H3N2) and B viruses were sensitive to oseltamivir, except for one A (H3N2) virus with D151V mutation, and an influenza B virus with D197E (D198E in N2 numbering) mutation in the NA. All viruses were sensitive to zanamivir, except for some seasonal influenza A (H1N1) and A (H3N2) outliers, which had no apparent changes in the NA besides the cell culture induced mutations at residue D151. All viruses tested for peramivir were sensitive to the drug, with the exception H275Y variants among seasonal A (H1N1) and H1N1pdm isolates, which exhibited reduced susceptibility. This study summarizes baseline NAI susceptibility profiles of seasonal and pandemic influenza viruses and contributes further criteria for defining resistance to NAIs. C1 [Okomo-Adhiambo, Margaret; Sleeman, Katrina; Ballenger, Kristina; Nguyen, Ha T.; Mishin, Vasiliy P.; Sheu, Tiffany G.; Smagala, James; Klimov, Alexander I.; Gubareva, Larisa V.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Virus Surveillance & Diag Branch, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Nguyen, Ha T.] Atlanta Res & Educ Fdn, Decatur, GA USA. [Sheu, Tiffany G.] Battelle Mem Inst, Atlanta, GA USA. [Smagala, James] Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Okomo-Adhiambo, M (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Virus Surveillance & Diag Branch, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1750-2640 J9 INFLUENZA OTHER RESP JI Influenza Other Respir. Viruses PD MAY PY 2011 VL 5 SU 1 BP 100 EP 103 PG 4 WC Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Infectious Diseases; Virology GA 747BV UT WOS:000289296200033 ER PT J AU Naranzul, T Darmaa, B Enkhsaikhan, D Tsatsral, S Maitsetseg, C Nyamaa, G Gubareva, LV Nymadawa, P AF Naranzul, Tsedenbalyn Darmaa, Badarchyn Enkhsaikhan, Dashdondogyn Tsatsral, Sosorbaramyn Maitsetseg, Chuluunbaataryn Nyamaa, Gunregjabyn Gubareva, Larisa V. Nymadawa, Pagbajabyn TI Antiviral drug resistance study of influenza viruses isolated in Mongolia in recent years SO INFLUENZA AND OTHER RESPIRATORY VIRUSES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Options for the Control of Influenza VII CY SEP 03-07, 2010 CL Hong Kong, PEOPLES R CHINA DE Amantadine; antiviral resistance mutations; oseltamivir ID SEASON C1 [Gubareva, Larisa V.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1750-2640 J9 INFLUENZA OTHER RESP JI Influenza Other Respir. Viruses PD MAY PY 2011 VL 5 SU 1 BP 104 EP 105 PG 2 WC Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Infectious Diseases; Virology GA 747BV UT WOS:000289296200034 ER PT J AU Sheu, TG Fry, AM Garten, RJ Deyde, VM Shwe, T Bullion, L Peebles, PJ Li, Y Klimov, AI Gubareva, LV AF Sheu, Tiffany G. Fry, Alicia M. Garten, Rebecca J. Deyde, Varough M. Shwe, Thein Bullion, Lesley Peebles, Patrick J. Li, Yan Klimov, Alexander I. Gubareva, Larisa V. TI Adamantane and oseltamivir dual resistance in seasonal influenza A (H1N1) viruses SO INFLUENZA AND OTHER RESPIRATORY VIRUSES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Options for the Control of Influenza VII CY SEP 03-07, 2010 CL Hong Kong, PEOPLES R CHINA DE Adamantanes; neuraminidase inhibitors; resistance; seasonal A(H1N1) C1 [Sheu, Tiffany G.; Fry, Alicia M.; Garten, Rebecca J.; Deyde, Varough M.; Peebles, Patrick J.; Klimov, Alexander I.; Gubareva, Larisa V.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Sheu, Tiffany G.] Battelle Mem Inst, Atlanta, GA USA. [Shwe, Thein] W Virginia Bur Publ Hlth, Charleston, WV USA. [Bullion, Lesley] Texas Dept State Hlth Serv, Austin, TX USA. [Li, Yan] Publ Hlth Agcy Canada, Natl Microbiol Lab, Winnipeg, MB, Canada. RP Sheu, TG (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1750-2640 J9 INFLUENZA OTHER RESP JI Influenza Other Respir. Viruses PD MAY PY 2011 VL 5 SU 1 BP 106 EP 108 PG 3 WC Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Infectious Diseases; Virology GA 747BV UT WOS:000289296200035 ER PT J AU Fry, AM Trujillo, A Levine, M Nguyen, H Ades, E Shaw, M Graitcer, S Doshi, S Jhung, M Klimov, A Gubareva, L AF Fry, Alicia M. Trujillo, Alma Levine, Marnie Ha Nguyen Ades, Edwin Shaw, Michael Graitcer, Samuel Doshi, Saumil Jhung, Michael Klimov, Alexander Gubareva, Larisa TI A strategy to provide influenza antiviral resistance testing for patients with a clinical suspicion of resistance, United States 2009-2010 SO INFLUENZA AND OTHER RESPIRATORY VIRUSES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Options for the Control of Influenza VII CY SEP 03-07, 2010 CL Hong Kong, PEOPLES R CHINA DE Influenza; oseltamivir resistance ID A H1N1 VIRUSES C1 [Fry, Alicia M.; Trujillo, Alma; Levine, Marnie; Ha Nguyen; Ades, Edwin; Shaw, Michael; Graitcer, Samuel; Doshi, Saumil; Jhung, Michael; Klimov, Alexander; Gubareva, Larisa] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Fry, AM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1750-2640 J9 INFLUENZA OTHER RESP JI Influenza Other Respir. Viruses PD MAY PY 2011 VL 5 SU 1 BP 118 EP 119 PG 2 WC Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Infectious Diseases; Virology GA 747BV UT WOS:000289296200039 ER PT J AU Nguyen, HH Tumpey, TM Park, HJ Han, GY Lee, J Byun, YH Song, JM Tran, LD Nguyen, VD Kilgore, PE Czerkinsky, C Katz, JM Seong, B Kim, YB Do, HT Nguyen, T Nguyen, CV AF Nguyen, Huan H. Tumpey, Terrence M. Park, Hae-Jung Han, Gye-Yeong Lee, Jaeyop Byun, Young-Ho Song, Jae-Min Tran, Linh D. Nguyen, Van D. Kilgore, Paul E. Czerkinsky, Cecil Katz, Jacqueline M. Seong, Baiklin Kim, Young-Bong Do, Hoa T. Tung Nguyen Nguyen, Cam V. TI Avian antibodies to combat potential H5N1 pandemic and seasonal influenza SO INFLUENZA AND OTHER RESPIRATORY VIRUSES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Options for the Control of Influenza VII CY SEP 03-07, 2010 CL Hong Kong, PEOPLES R CHINA ID CHICKEN ANTIBODIES; YOLK ANTIBODIES; VIRUS; INFECTIONS; IGY; IMMUNITY; FIBROSIS; HUMANS AB Highly pathogenic avian influenza A virus (HPAIV) strain A/H5N1 with unprecedented spread through much of Asia and parts of Europe in poultry remains a serious threat to human health. Passive immunization (transfer of protective immunoglobulins) offers an alternative and/or additional strategy to prevent and cure influenza. Here, we report that virus-specific immunoglobulin Y (IgY) isolated from eggs of immunized hens provide protection in mice against lethal H5N1 virus infection by neutralization of the viruses in the lungs upon intranasal administration. Importantly, chicken eggs obtained from randomly selected supermarkets and farms in Vietnam, where mass poultry vaccination against A/H5N1 is mandatory, contain high levels of IgY specific for A/H5N1 virus. When administered before or after the infection, IgY prevented and significantly reduced replication and spread of HPAIV H5N1 and related H5N2 strains. Thus, the consumable eggs readily available in markets of countries that impose poultry vaccination against A/H5N1 could offer an enormous source of valuable biological material that provides protection against A/H5N1 virus with pandemic potential. The approach could be used to control seasonal influenza. C1 [Nguyen, Huan H.; Park, Hae-Jung; Han, Gye-Yeong; Lee, Jaeyop; Kilgore, Paul E.; Czerkinsky, Cecil] Int Vaccine Inst, Seoul, South Korea. [Nguyen, Huan H.] Univ Alabama, Dept Microbiol, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. [Tumpey, Terrence M.; Katz, Jacqueline M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Byun, Young-Ho; Song, Jae-Min; Seong, Baiklin] Yonsei Univ, Coll Engn, Dept Biotechnol, Seoul 120749, South Korea. [Tran, Linh D.; Nguyen, Van D.; Kim, Young-Bong] Konkuk Univ, Coll Anim Biosci & Technol, Dept Anim Biotechnol, Seoul, South Korea. [Do, Hoa T.; Tung Nguyen; Nguyen, Cam V.] Natl Ctr Vet Diagnost, Dept Anim Hlth, Hanoi, Vietnam. RP Nguyen, HH (reprint author), Int Vaccine Inst, Seoul, South Korea. RI CZERKINSKY, CECIL/G-6520-2015; Kilgore, Paul/L-1462-2013 OI Kilgore, Paul/0000-0003-3214-4482 NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1750-2640 J9 INFLUENZA OTHER RESP JI Influenza Other Respir. Viruses PD MAY PY 2011 VL 5 SU 1 BP 233 EP 236 PG 4 WC Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Infectious Diseases; Virology GA 747BV UT WOS:000289296200077 ER PT J AU Zhou, B Li, Y Belser, JA Pearce, MB Schmolke, M Subba, A Shi, ZL Zaki, SR Blau, DM Garcia-Sastre, A Tumpey, TM Wentworth, DE AF Zhou, Bin Li, Yan Belser, Jessica A. Pearce, Melissa B. Schmolke, Mirco Subba, Anju Shi, Zhengli Zaki, Sherif R. Blau, Dianna M. Garcia-Sastre, Adolfo Tumpey, Terrence M. Wentworth, David E. TI NS deletions convert the 2009-H1N1 pandemic virus into a live attenuated vaccine SO INFLUENZA AND OTHER RESPIRATORY VIRUSES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Options for the Control of Influenza VII CY SEP 03-07, 2010 CL Hong Kong, PEOPLES R CHINA DE H1N1; live attenuated; NS; pandemic; vaccine ID INFLUENZA-A VIRUS; ADAPTIVE IMMUNITY; PROTEIN; RESPONSES; INNATE; SYSTEM; CELLS AB Although vaccines against influenza A virus are the most effective method by which to combat infection, it is clear that their production needs to be accelerated and their efficacy improved. A panel of recombinant live attenuated human influenza A vaccines (LAIVs), including NS1-73, NS1-126, NSD5, were generated by rationally engineering mutations directly into the genome of a pandemic-H1N1 virus. The vaccine potential of each LAIV was determined through analysis of attenuation, immunogenicity, and their ability to protect mice and ferrets. The data indicate that the novel NSD5-LAIV was ideally attenuated and elicited strong protective immunity. This study also shows that attenuating mutations can be rapidly engineered into the genomes of emerging/circulating influenza A viruses in order to produce LAIVs. C1 [Zhou, Bin; Li, Yan; Subba, Anju; Wentworth, David E.] SUNY Albany, Sch Publ Hlth, New York State Dept Hlth, Wadsworth Ctr, Albany, NY 12222 USA. [Zhou, Bin; Wentworth, David E.] SUNY Albany, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Biomed Sci, Albany, NY USA. [Li, Yan; Shi, Zhengli] Chinese Acad Sci, Wuhan Inst Virol, State Key Lab Virol, Wuhan, Peoples R China. [Belser, Jessica A.; Pearce, Melissa B.; Tumpey, Terrence M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunol & Pathogenesis Branch, Influenza Div, NCIRD, Atlanta, GA USA. [Schmolke, Mirco; Garcia-Sastre, Adolfo] Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Microbiol, New York, NY USA. [Zaki, Sherif R.; Blau, Dianna M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Infect Dis Pathol Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Garcia-Sastre, Adolfo] Mt Sinai Sch Med, Inst Global Hlth & Emerging Pathogens, New York, NY USA. [Garcia-Sastre, Adolfo] Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, New York, NY USA. RP Zhou, B (reprint author), SUNY Albany, Sch Publ Hlth, New York State Dept Hlth, Wadsworth Ctr, Albany, NY 12222 USA. RI Zhou, Bin/H-8688-2014; Shi, Zhengli/A-1013-2013 OI Zhou, Bin/0000-0002-1535-6283; Shi, Zhengli/0000-0001-8089-163X NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1750-2640 J9 INFLUENZA OTHER RESP JI Influenza Other Respir. Viruses PD MAY PY 2011 VL 5 SU 1 BP 388 EP 391 PG 4 WC Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Infectious Diseases; Virology GA 747BV UT WOS:000289296200127 ER PT J AU Buch, J Roomp, K Bach, G Steinbruck, L Beer, M Gregory, V Komadina, N Lan, Y Monne, I Smith, C Fujisaki, S Bogner, P Lengauer, T AF Buech, Joachim Roomp, Kirsten Bach, Gunter Steinbrueck, Lars Beer, Martin Gregory, Victoria Komadina, Naomi Lan, Yu Monne, Isabella Smith, Catherine Fujisaki, Seiichiro Bogner, Peter Lengauer, Thomas TI GISAID - a global initiative on sharing all influenza data SO INFLUENZA AND OTHER RESPIRATORY VIRUSES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Options for the Control of Influenza VII CY SEP 03-07, 2010 CL Hong Kong, PEOPLES R CHINA C1 [Buech, Joachim; Roomp, Kirsten; Steinbrueck, Lars; Lengauer, Thomas] Max Planck Inst Informat, Saarbrucken, Germany. [Bach, Gunter] A3 Syst GmbH, Saarbrucken, Germany. [Beer, Martin] Friedrich Loeffler Inst, Greifswald Insel Riems, Germany. [Gregory, Victoria] Natl Inst Med Res, London NW7 1AA, England. [Komadina, Naomi] WHO Collaborating Ctr Reference & Res Influenza, Melbourne, Vic, Australia. [Monne, Isabella] Ist Zooprofilatt Sperimentale Venezie, Padua, Italy. [Lan, Yu] Chinese Natl Influenza Ctr, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Smith, Catherine] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Fujisaki, Seiichiro] Natl Inst Infect Dis, Tokyo, Japan. [Bogner, Peter] GISAID Fdn, Washington, DC USA. RP Buch, J (reprint author), Max Planck Inst Informat, Saarbrucken, Germany. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 8 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1750-2640 J9 INFLUENZA OTHER RESP JI Influenza Other Respir. Viruses PD MAY PY 2011 VL 5 SU 1 BP 419 EP 419 PG 1 WC Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Infectious Diseases; Virology GA 747BV UT WOS:000289296200137 ER PT J AU Filler, SJ Berruti, AA Menzies, N Berzon, R Ellerbrock, TV Ferris, R Blandford, JM AF Filler, Scott J. Berruti, Andres A. Menzies, Nick Berzon, Rick Ellerbrock, Tedd V. Ferris, Robert Blandford, John M. TI Characteristics of HIV Care and Treatment in PEPFAR-Supported Sites SO JAIDS-JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES LA English DT Article DE Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; highly active antiretroviral therapy; HIV; workplace AB Background: The US President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) has supported the extension of HIV care and treatment to 2.4 million individuals as of September 2009. With increasing resources targeted toward rapid scale-up, it is important to understand the characteristics of current PEPFAR-supported HIV care and treatment sites. Methods: Forty-five sites in Botswana, Ethiopia, Nigeria, Uganda, and Vietnam were sampled. Data were collected retrospectively from successive 6-month periods through reviews of facility records and interviews with site personnel between April 2006 and March 2007. Facility size and scale-up rate, patient characteristics, staffing models, clinical and laboratory monitoring, and intervention mix were compared. Results: Sites added a median of 293 patients per quarter. By the evaluation's end, sites supported a median of 1649 HIV patients, 922 of them receiving antiretroviral therapy. Patients were predominantly adult (97.4%), and the majority (96.5%) were receiving regimens based on nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors. The ratios of physicians to patients dropped substantially as sites matured. Antiretroviral therapy patients were commonly seen monthly or quarterly for clinical and laboratory monitoring, with CD4 counts being taken at 6-month intervals. One-third of sites provided viral load testing. Cotrimoxazole prophylaxis was the most prevalent supportive service. Conclusions: HIV treatment sites scaled up rapidly with the influx of resources and technical support through PEPFAR, providing complex health services to progressively expanding patient cohorts. Human resources are stretched thin, and delivery models and intervention mix differ widely between sites. Ongoing research is needed to identify best-practice service delivery models. C1 [Filler, Scott J.; Berruti, Andres A.; Menzies, Nick; Ellerbrock, Tedd V.; Blandford, John M.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Berruti, Andres A.; Menzies, Nick] ICF Macro, Atlanta, GA USA. [Berzon, Rick; Ferris, Robert] US Agcy Int Dev, Bur Global Hlth, Off HIV AIDS, Washington, DC 20523 USA. RP Filler, SJ (reprint author), US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Global Hlth, 4770 Buford Highway NE,Mail Stop F-22, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM SFiller@cdc.gov FU US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA FX Supported by: US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA. NR 9 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 4 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1525-4135 J9 JAIDS-J ACQ IMM DEF JI JAIDS PD MAY 1 PY 2011 VL 57 IS 1 BP E1 EP E6 DI 10.1097/QAI.0b013e3182158980 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 749YU UT WOS:000289509100001 PM 21346585 ER PT J AU Rietmeijer, CA Westergaard, B Mickiewicz, TA Richardson, D Ling, S Sapp, T Jordan, R Wilmoth, R Kachur, R McFarlane, M AF Rietmeijer, Cornelis A. Westergaard, Benton Mickiewicz, Theresa A. Richardson, Doug Ling, Sarah Sapp, Terri Jordan, Rebecca Wilmoth, Ralph Kachur, Rachel McFarlane, Mary TI Evaluation of an Online Partner Notification Program SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES LA English DT Article ID SEXUALLY-TRANSMITTED-DISEASES; CONTROLLED-TRIAL; INFECTION; INTERNET; RISK AB Background: Internet-based programs for sexually transmitted infections (STI)/HIV partner notification have generated considerable interest as public health interventions; yet data are lacking to support widespread dissemination. We report on a clinic-based and web-based evaluation of the Colorado inSPOT online partner notification program. Methods: Clinic-based surveys were conducted at a large urban STI clinic before and after the implementation of feasible clinic interventions as well as nonclinic campaigns to promote the use of inSPOT Colorado. Questions assessed recognition and use of the site. Website statistics were provided by the inSPOT service, including the number of site hits, e-cards sent, and specific STI exposures identified on the card. Results: Recognition and use of the service among STI clinic patients remained low (< 6%) despite the interventions. Site statistics demonstrated an immediate but quickly diminishing response after placement of a banner ad on a popular gay website. Newspaper advertisements and radio public service announcements showed small increases in website use. Analysis of STIs specified on the e-cards, showed scabies and pediculosis as the most-identified STIs, accounting for nearly 30% of all e-cards sent. Clinic survey data indicated that when respondents were faced with the hypothetical situation of being diagnosed with an STI, more than 90% would notify partners in person; only 5% would use e-mail or the Internet. Conclusions: Our data did not support the effectiveness of the inSPOT intervention among a predominantly heterosexual population in a large urban STI clinic. C1 [Rietmeijer, Cornelis A.; Westergaard, Benton; Mickiewicz, Theresa A.; Richardson, Doug; Ling, Sarah; Sapp, Terri] Denver Publ Hlth Dept, Internet & STD Ctr Excellence, Denver, CO 80204 USA. [Rietmeijer, Cornelis A.; Ling, Sarah; Wilmoth, Ralph] Univ Colorado, Colorado Sch Publ Hlth, Denver, CO 80202 USA. [Jordan, Rebecca; Wilmoth, Ralph] Colorado Dept Publ Hlth & Environm, Denver, CO USA. [Kachur, Rachel; McFarlane, Mary] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Rietmeijer, CA (reprint author), Denver Publ Hlth Dept, Internet & STD Ctr Excellence, 605 Bannock St, Denver, CO 80204 USA. EM cornelis.rietmeijer@dhha.org FU Association for Prevention Teaching and Research (APTR) and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)-APTR/CDC COOPERATIVE AGREEMENT [TS-1400] FX The Internet and STD Center for Excellence is supported by the Association for Prevention Teaching and Research (APTR) and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)-APTR/CDC COOPERATIVE AGREEMENT Grant TS-1400. NR 12 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0148-5717 J9 SEX TRANSM DIS JI Sex. Transm. Dis. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 38 IS 5 BP 359 EP 364 DI 10.1097/OLQ.0b013e31820ef796 PG 6 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 749LN UT WOS:000289468500001 PM 21343844 ER PT J AU Brewer, TH Schillinger, J Lewis, FMT Blank, S Pathela, P Jordahl, L Schmitt, K Peterman, TA AF Brewer, Toye H. Schillinger, Julie Lewis, Felicia M. T. Blank, Susan Pathela, Preeti Jordahl, Lori Schmitt, Karla Peterman, Thomas A. TI Infectious Syphilis Among Adolescent and Young Adult Men: Implications for Human Immunodeficiency Virus Transmission and Public Health Interventions SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES LA English DT Article ID SEXUALLY-TRANSMITTED-DISEASES; PRIMARY HIV-INFECTION; BLACK-MEN; PREVENTION INTERVENTION; RISK BEHAVIORS; NORTH-CAROLINA; SEX; COMMUNITY AB Background: In 2008, an increase in syphilis among young black men was noted in New York City (NYC), Miami-Fort Lauderdale, and Philadelphia. To explore this trend, we examined infectious syphilis cases from 2000 to 2008 among adolescent and young adult men in these areas. Methods: Descriptive analysis of male infectious syphilis cases reported to public health authorities in NYC, FL, and Philadelphia. Results: From 2000 to 2008, infectious syphilis cases among males increased in NYC (107-1027 cases), Miami-Fort Lauderdale (109374), and Philadelphia (41-142). This increase was largely attributable to cases among men who have sex with men. Rates among black adolescent males (15-19 years) increased in NYC ([2.6-43.0]/100,000), Miami-Fort Lauderdale ([5.5-48.1]/100,000), and Philadelphia ([8.3-40.3]/100,000). Among males with infectious syphilis in 2008 in NYC, 9.1% of blacks and 6.6% of Hispanics were adolescents compared with 1.6% of whites (P < 0.001). In Miami-Fort Lauderdale, 12.2% of black males were adolescents compared to 2.0% of whites (P < 0.01) and 2.7% of Hispanics (P < 0.01). Black males dominated all age groups in Philadelphia, but were more likely to be < 25 years of age than whites (P = 0.02). Human immunodeficiency virus coinfection rates were 14.8% among adolescent males in NYC, 15.4% in Philadelphia, and 25.0% in Miami-Fort Lauderdale. Conclusions: Very young black males have emerged as a risk group for syphilis in these 3 areas, as have young Hispanic males in NYC. Many are men who have sex with men and some are already human immunodeficiency virus-infected. Targeted risk reduction interventions for these populations are critical. C1 [Brewer, Toye H.; Schmitt, Karla] State Florida Dept Hlth, Bur STD Prevent, Tallahassee, FL USA. [Brewer, Toye H.; Schillinger, Julie; Lewis, Felicia M. T.; Blank, Susan; Peterman, Thomas A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Field Epidemiol Unit, Div STD Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Schillinger, Julie; Blank, Susan; Pathela, Preeti] New York City Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, Bur STD Control, New York, NY USA. [Lewis, Felicia M. T.] Philadelphia Dept Publ Hlth, STD Control Program, Philadelphia, PA USA. [Jordahl, Lori] Miami Dade Cty Hlth Dept, STD Prevent & Control Program, Miami, FL 33125 USA. RP Brewer, TH (reprint author), Miami Dade Cty Hlth Dept, STD Program, 1350 NW 14th St, Miami, FL 33125 USA. EM toye_brewer@doh.state.fl.us NR 29 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 4 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0148-5717 J9 SEX TRANSM DIS JI Sex. Transm. Dis. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 38 IS 5 BP 367 EP 371 DI 10.1097/OLQ.0b013e3181ffa7b0 PG 5 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 749LN UT WOS:000289468500003 PM 21150816 ER PT J AU MacKellar, DA Hou, SI Whalen, CC Samuelsen, K Sanchez, T Smith, A Denson, D Lansky, A Sullivan, P AF MacKellar, Duncan A. Hou, Su-I Whalen, Christopher C. Samuelsen, Karen Sanchez, Travis Smith, Amanda Denson, Damian Lansky, Amy Sullivan, Patrick CA WHBS Study Grp TI Reasons for Not HIV Testing, Testing Intentions, and Potential Use of an Over-the-Counter Rapid HIV Test in an Internet Sample of Men Who Have Sex With Men Who Have Never Tested for HIV SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES LA English DT Article ID AT-RISK POPULATIONS; GAY MEN; YOUNG MEN; NEGOTIATED SAFETY; UNITED-STATES; ANTICIPATED REGRET; SAN-FRANCISCO; BISEXUAL MEN; LOS-ANGELES; USE CONDOMS AB Background: Correlates of main reasons for not HIV testing, HIV testing intentions, and potential use of an over-the-counter rapid HIV test (OTCRT) among men who have sex with men who have never tested for HIV (NTMSM) are unknown. Methods: We evaluated these correlates among 946 NTMSM from 6 US cities who participated in an internet-based survey in 2007. Findings: Main reasons for not testing were low perceived risk (32.2%), structural barriers (25.1%), and fear of testing positive (18.1%). Low perceived risk was associated with having fewer unprotected anal intercourse (UAI) partners and less frequent use of the internet for HIV information; structural barriers were associated with younger age and more UAI partners; fear of testing positive was associated with black and Hispanic race/ethnicity, more UAI partners, and more frequent use of the internet for HIV information. Strong testing intentions were held by 25.9% of all NTMSM and 14.8% of those who did not test because of low perceived risk. Among NTMSM who were somewhat unlikely, somewhat likely, and very likely to test for HIV, 47.4%, 76.5%, and 85.6% would likely use an OTCRT if it was available, respectively. Conclusions: Among NTMSM who use the internet, main reasons for not testing for HIV vary considerably by age, race/ethnicity, UAI, and use of the internet for HIV information. To facilitate HIV testing of NTMSM, programs should expand interventions and services tailored to address this variation. If approved, OTCRT might be used by many NTMSM who might not otherwise test for HIV. C1 [MacKellar, Duncan A.; Sanchez, Travis; Smith, Amanda; Lansky, Amy] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Hou, Su-I; Whalen, Christopher C.] Univ Georgia, Coll Publ Hlth, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Samuelsen, Karen] Univ Georgia, Dept Educ Psychol & Instruct Technol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Denson, Damian] Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL USA. [Sullivan, Patrick] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP MacKellar, DA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS E-04, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM dym4@cdc.gov OI sanchez, travis/0000-0003-1133-4762; Sullivan, Patrick/0000-0002-7728-0587; Hou, Su-I/0000-0002-4519-0974 NR 73 TC 52 Z9 54 U1 7 U2 13 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 0148-5717 EI 1537-4521 J9 SEX TRANSM DIS JI Sex. Transm. Dis. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 38 IS 5 BP 419 EP 428 DI 10.1097/OLQ.0b013e31820369dd PG 10 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 749LN UT WOS:000289468500013 PM 21183863 ER PT J AU Basavaraju, SV Pitman, JP Marum, LH Zeh, C Shiraishi, RW Mwangi, J Nyamongo, J AF Basavaraju, S. V. Pitman, J. P. Marum, L. H. Zeh, C. Shiraishi, R. W. Mwangi, J. Nyamongo, J. TI Author response to: letter to the editor HIV safety in sub-Saharan Africa SO VOX SANGUINIS LA English DT Letter ID BLOOD-TRANSFUSION; DONORS; KENYA; RISK C1 [Basavaraju, S. V.; Pitman, J. P.; Marum, L. H.; Shiraishi, R. W.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Global Hlth, Div Global HIV AIDS, Atlanta, GA USA. [Zeh, C.; Mwangi, J.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Nairobi, Kenya. [Nyamongo, J.] Kenya Natl Blood Transfus Serv, Nairobi, Kenya. RP Basavaraju, SV (reprint author), 4770 Buford Highway NE,MS-F62, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM etu7@cdc.gov OI Pitman, John/0000-0001-5983-7241 NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0042-9007 EI 1423-0410 J9 VOX SANG JI Vox Sang. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 100 IS 4 BP 436 EP 437 DI 10.1111/j.1423-0410.2010.01431.x PG 2 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 750EX UT WOS:000289529000014 ER PT J AU Schwebel, DC Roth, DL Elliott, MN Windle, M Grunbaum, JA Low, B Cooper, SP Schuster, MA AF Schwebel, David C. Roth, David L. Elliott, Marc N. Windle, Michael Grunbaum, Jo Anne Low, Barbara Cooper, Sharon P. Schuster, Mark A. TI The association of activity level, parent mental distress, and parental involvement and monitoring with unintentional injury risk in fifth graders SO ACCIDENT ANALYSIS AND PREVENTION LA English DT Article DE Injury; Safety; Fifth graders; Early adolescence; Activity level; Parent mental health distress; Parental involvement and monitoring ID MATERNAL DEPRESSION; ADOLESCENT HEALTH; DECISION-MAKING; FUTURE-RESEARCH; CHILD-BEHAVIOR; TEMPERAMENT; CONTEXT; PSYCHOPATHOLOGY; PERSPECTIVES; PREDICTORS AB Objective: Extend findings with young children by examining the strength of association of activity level, parent mental distress, and parental involvement and monitoring with fifth graders' unintentional injuries. Methods: Ordinal logistic regression models were used to predict unintentional injury frequency among 4745 fifth-graders. Examined predictors included demographics, parent reports of mental distress, temperamental activity level (tendency to be fidgety, restless, and constantly in motion), and parental involvement and monitoring in adolescents' lives. Results: Higher levels of both activity level and parent mental distress predicted more frequent injuries. Conclusions: As has been found with younger children, unintentional injuries in fifth graders are associated with both parent and child characteristics. The result is discussed in the context of adolescent development. Implications include those for injury prevention (multi-dimensional prevention strategies that incorporate environmental modifications as well as training of youth and parents) and future research (study of potential mechanisms behind injury risk behavior via longitudinal and experimental research; study of injury risk during this phase of child development). (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Schwebel, David C.] Univ Alabama, Dept Psychol, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. [Roth, David L.] Univ Alabama, Dept Biostat, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. [Elliott, Marc N.; Schuster, Mark A.] RAND, Santa Monica, CA USA. [Windle, Michael] Emory Univ, Dept Behav Sci & Hlth Educ, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Grunbaum, Jo Anne] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Low, Barbara; Cooper, Sharon P.] Univ Texas Houston, Sch Publ Hlth, Houston, TX USA. [Schuster, Mark A.] Childrens Hosp, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Schuster, Mark A.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA USA. RP Schwebel, DC (reprint author), Univ Alabama, Dept Psychol, 1300 Univ Blvd,CH 415, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. EM schwebel@uab.edu FU NCCDPHP CDC HHS [U48DP000046, U48DP000056, U48DP000057] NR 42 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 7 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0001-4575 J9 ACCIDENT ANAL PREV JI Accid. Anal. Prev. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 43 IS 3 BP 848 EP 852 DI 10.1016/j.aap.2010.11.004 PG 5 WC Ergonomics; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary; Transportation SC Engineering; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences - Other Topics; Transportation GA 742UR UT WOS:000288971200033 PM 21376875 ER PT J AU Henn, SA Sussell, AL Li, J Shire, JD Alarcon, WA Tak, S AF Henn, Scott A. Sussell, Aaron L. Li, Jia Shire, Jeffrey D. Alarcon, Walter A. Tak, Sangwoo TI Characterization of Lead in US Workplaces Using Data From OSHA's Integrated Management Information System SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE lead; surveillance; OSHA; IMIS; construction ID CRYSTALLINE SILICA DUST; UNITED-STATES INDUSTRY; EXPOSURE; SURVEILLANCE; WORKERS; SAFETY AB Background Lead hazards continue to be encountered in the workplace. OSHA's Integrated Management Information System (IMIS) is the largest available database containing sampling results in US workplaces. Methods Personal airborne lead sampling results in IMIS were extracted for years 1979-2008. Descriptive analyses, geographical mapping, and regression modeling of results were performed. Results Seventy-nine percent of lead samples were in the manufacturing sector. Lead sample results were highest in the construction sector (median = 0.03 mg/m(3)). NORA sector, year, OSHA region, number of employees at the worksite, federal/state OSHA plan, unionization, advance notification, and presence of an employee representative were statistically associated with having a lead sample result exceed the PEL. Conclusions Lead concentrations within construction have been higher than any other industry. Lead hazards have been most prevalent in the north and northeastern US. IMIS data can be useful as a surveillance tool and for targeting prevention efforts toward hazardous industries. Am. J. Ind. Med. 54: 356-365, 2011. (C) 2011 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 [Henn, Scott A.; Sussell, Aaron L.; Li, Jia; Shire, Jeffrey D.; Alarcon, Walter A.; Tak, Sangwoo] NIOSH, DSHEFS, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. RP Henn, SA (reprint author), 4676 Columbia Pkwy,R-19, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM SHenn@cdc.gov RI Alarcon, Walter/C-4470-2008 OI Alarcon, Walter/0000-0002-4907-4380 NR 27 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 6 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0271-3586 EI 1097-0274 J9 AM J IND MED JI Am. J. Ind. Med. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 54 IS 5 BP 356 EP 365 DI 10.1002/ajim.20926 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 746AS UT WOS:000289214000003 PM 21246587 ER PT J AU Sublet, V Spring, C Howard, J AF Sublet, Virginia Spring, Christina Howard, John CA Natl Inst Occupational Safety Hlth TI Does Social Media Improve Communication? Evaluating the NIOSH Science Blog SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE social media; NIOSH Science Blog; workplace safety and health; evaluation AB Background In 2007, NIOSH created the Science Blog as its first social media channel. The blog has more than 22,000 subscribers. The purpose of the evaluation was to identify the blog community of readers, its use as a two-way conversation channel and its effectiveness as an information resource. Methods Seventy-five readers randomly participated in an online survey from July 2009 to September 2009 to evaluate the Science Blog. Results Responses indicated that the NIOSH Science Blog was a valued social media resource. Sixty percent of participants planned to continue using the blog in the next 6 months. A significant proportion of readers reported that they would make changes in the workplace based on information obtained from the Science Blog. Conclusions The NIOSH Science Blog provides is a useful communication channel to provide workplace safety and health information and expand the Institute's reach to new consumers. Am. J. Ind. Med. 54: 384-394, 2011. (C) 2011 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 [Sublet, Virginia] NIOSH, Off Hlth Commun, Off Director, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Celebration, FL 34747 USA. [Sublet, Virginia] NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Spring, Christina; Howard, John] NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Washington, DC USA. RP Sublet, V (reprint author), NIOSH, Off Hlth Commun, Off Director, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 870 Spring Pk Loop, Celebration, FL 34747 USA. EM vxs3@cdc.gov NR 14 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 37 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0271-3586 EI 1097-0274 J9 AM J IND MED JI Am. J. Ind. Med. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 54 IS 5 BP 384 EP 394 DI 10.1002/ajim.20921 PG 11 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 746AS UT WOS:000289214000006 PM 21246585 ER PT J AU Tak, S Calvert, GM AF Tak, SangWoo Calvert, Geoffrey M. TI The Estimated National Burden of Physical Ergonomic Hazards Among US Workers SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE O*NET; OES; musculoskeletal disorders ID O-ASTERISK-NET; LOW-BIRTH-WEIGHT; MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS; HEALTH; CONSTRUCTION; RISK; SURVEILLANCE; DISPARITIES; VALIDATION; EXPOSURE AB Purpose To estimate the national burden of physical ergonomic hazards among working adults in the US. Methods We estimated the population prevalence of and the total number of workers who are exposed to physical ergonomic hazards, such as vibration, working in cramped space, kneeling, body bending or twisting, climbing, and repetitive motions using Occupational Information Network (O*NET) data and the Occupational Employment Statistics (OES) from the U. S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) stratified by occupation title. Results Repetitive motion was the most prevalent of all ergonomic hazards (27% of US workers are estimated to be exposed continually). Bending or twisting of the body more than half their time at work was also common, involving over 32 million US workers (25% of US workforce). Kneeling, crouching, stooping, or crawling was another ergonomic hazard that 14 million US workers perform more than half their time at work. Almost 4 million workers climb ladders, scaffolds, poles, etc. for more than half their time at work. We estimate that over 13 million workers (10% of US workforce) were exposed to cramped workspace that requires getting into awkward positions every day. Finally, about 3.5 million workers (2.7% of US workforce) were estimated to be exposed to whole body vibration every day. Conclusion A large portion of the US work force is exposed to ergonomic hazards known to be associated with musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs). The occupations with the highest prevalence of each ergonomic hazard may be deserving of prompt efforts toward prevention of MSDs. Am. J. Ind. Med. 54: 395-404, 2011. (C) 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 [Tak, SangWoo; Calvert, Geoffrey M.] NIOSH, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. RP Tak, S (reprint author), NIOSH, 4676 Columbia Pkwy,R-17, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM stak@cdc.gov NR 37 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 4 U2 8 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0271-3586 EI 1097-0274 J9 AM J IND MED JI Am. J. Ind. Med. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 54 IS 5 BP 395 EP 404 DI 10.1002/ajim.20883 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 746AS UT WOS:000289214000007 PM 20721968 ER PT J AU O'Grady, NP Alexander, M Burns, LA Dellinger, EP Garland, J Heard, SO Lipsett, PA Masur, H Mermel, LA Pearson, ML Raad, II Randolph, AG Rupp, ME Saint, S AF O'Grady, Naomi P. Alexander, Mary Burns, Lillian A. Dellinger, E. Patchen Garland, Jeffrey Heard, Stephen O. Lipsett, Pamela A. Masur, Henry Mermel, Leonard A. Pearson, Michele L. Raad, Issam I. Randolph, Adrienne G. Rupp, Mark E. Saint, Sanjay CA HICPAC TI Summary of Recommendations: Guidelines for the Prevention of Intravascular Catheter-related Infections SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Editorial Material ID CENTRAL VENOUS CATHETERS; BLOOD-STREAM INFECTIONS; INTENSIVE-CARE-UNIT; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; PULMONARY-ARTERY CATHETERS; CRITICALLY-ILL PATIENTS; DOUBLE-BLIND TRIAL; PERIPHERAL INTRAVENOUS CATHETERS; SERRATIA-MARCESCENS BACTEREMIA; STERILE BARRIER PRECAUTIONS C1 [O'Grady, Naomi P.; Masur, Henry] NIH, Dept Crit Care Med, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Alexander, Mary] Infus Nurses Soc, Norwood, MA USA. [Burns, Lillian A.] Staten Isl Univ Hosp, Staten Isl, NY USA. [Dellinger, E. Patchen] Univ Washington, Dept Surg, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Garland, Jeffrey] Wheaton Franciscan Healthcare St Joseph, Dept Pediat, Milwaukee, WI USA. [Heard, Stephen O.] Univ Massachusetts, Sch Med, Dept Anesthesiol, Worcester, MA USA. [Lipsett, Pamela A.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Surg, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Mermel, Leonard A.] Brown Univ, Warren Alpert Med Sch, Div Infect Dis, Providence, RI 02912 USA. [Mermel, Leonard A.] Rhode Isl Hosp, Providence, RI USA. [Pearson, Michele L.] CDC, Off Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Raad, Issam I.] Univ Texas MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Dept Infect Dis, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Randolph, Adrienne G.] Childrens Hosp, Dept Anesthesiol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Rupp, Mark E.] Univ Nebraska Med Ctr, Dept Internal Med, Omaha, NE USA. [Saint, Sanjay] Ann Arbor VA Med Ctr, Dept Internal Med, Ann Arbor, MI USA. [Saint, Sanjay] Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RP O'Grady, NP (reprint author), NIH, Dept Crit Care Med, Bldg 10,Room 2C145,Ctr Dr,MSC 1662, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM nogrady@mail.cc.nih.gov OI Randolph, Adrienne/0000-0002-3084-3071 NR 205 TC 105 Z9 114 U1 2 U2 22 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 EI 1537-6591 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD MAY 1 PY 2011 VL 52 IS 9 BP 1087 EP 1099 DI 10.1093/cid/cir138 PG 13 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 747DR UT WOS:000289301000003 PM 21467014 ER PT J AU Wikswo, ME Cortes, J Hall, AJ Vaughan, G Howard, C Gregoricus, N Cramer, EH AF Wikswo, Mary E. Cortes, Jennifer Hall, Aron J. Vaughan, George Howard, Christopher Gregoricus, Nicole Cramer, Elaine H. TI Disease Transmission and Passenger Behaviors during a High Morbidity Norovirus Outbreak on a Cruise Ship, January 2009 SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID REVERSE TRANSCRIPTION-PCR; NORWALK-LIKE VIRUS; UNITED-STATES; ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION; AIRBORNE TRANSMISSION; GASTROENTERITIS; SUSCEPTIBILITY; EPIDEMIOLOGY; INFECTION; EFFICACY AB Background. Norovirus continues to pose a significant burden on cruise ships, causing an average of 27 confirmed outbreaks annually over the past 5 years. In January 2009, the report of a suspected norovirus outbreak among passengers on a cruise ship prompted an investigation. Methods. A retrospective cohort study among passengers was conducted on board the ship. Questionnaires about health care-seeking behaviors, hygiene practices, and possible norovirus exposures were placed in every cabin. Stool samples from several ill passengers were tested for norovirus by quantitative reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and confirmed by sequence analysis. Results. Of 1842 passengers, 1532 (83.2%) returned questionnaires, and 236 (15.4% of participants) met the case definition. Of these, 95 (40%) did not report to the infirmary. Case passengers were significantly more likely to have an ill cabin mate (relative risk [RR] = 3.0; P < .01) and to have witnessed vomiting during boarding (RR = 2.8; P = .01). Over 90% of all passengers reported increased hand hygiene practices following the outbreak; 38% of ill passengers and 11% of well passengers decreased participation in public activities. Of 14 samples tested, 12 were positive for norovirus by RT-qPCR; 5 of these were confirmed by sequence analysis and typed as GII.4 Minerva. Conclusions. Person-to-person transmission, including an incident of public vomiting during boarding, likely contributed to this high morbidity outbreak. Infirmary surveillance detected only 60% of acute gastroenteritis (AGE) cases involved in this outbreak. Adjustments to outbreak reporting thresholds may be needed to account for incomplete voluntary AGE reporting and to more rapidly implement control measures. C1 [Vaughan, George; Howard, Christopher; Cramer, Elaine H.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Wikswo, ME (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop A-47, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM mwikswo@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX Financial support. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 32 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 4 U2 20 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD MAY 1 PY 2011 VL 52 IS 9 BP 1116 EP 1122 DI 10.1093/cid/cir144 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 747DR UT WOS:000289301000006 PM 21429864 ER PT J AU Nelson, JM Griffin, PM Jones, TF Smith, KE Scallan, E AF Nelson, Jennifer M. Griffin, Patricia M. Jones, Timothy F. Smith, Kirk E. Scallan, Elaine TI Antimicrobial and Antimotility Agent Use in Persons with Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli O157 Infection in FoodNet Sites SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID HEMOLYTIC-UREMIC SYNDROME; ANTIBIOTIC-TREATMENT; RISK-FACTORS; DIARRHEA; OUTBREAK; THERAPY; INFANTS; STATES AB Antimicrobial and antimotility agents are not recommended for the treatment of Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli O157 infection. In our study, many persons with Shiga toxin-producing E. coli O157 infection took antimicrobial (62%) and antimotility agents (32%); 43 (29%) of 146 reported commencing antimicrobial treatment after laboratory confirmation. Efforts are needed to promote practice guidelines. C1 [Nelson, Jennifer M.] Emory Univ, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Griffin, Patricia M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Jones, Timothy F.] Tennessee Dept Hlth, Communicable & Environm Dis Serv, Nashville, TN USA. [Smith, Kirk E.] Minnesota Dept Hlth, Infect Dis Epidemiol Prevent & Control Div, St Paul, MN USA. [Scallan, Elaine] Colorado Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Aurora, CO USA. RP Scallan, E (reprint author), CO Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, UCD AMC Bldg 500,Rm W3146,13001 E 17th Pl,MS B119, Aurora, CO 80045 USA. EM elaine.scallan@ucdenver.edu NR 19 TC 11 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD MAY 1 PY 2011 VL 52 IS 9 BP 1130 EP 1132 DI 10.1093/cid/cir087 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 747DR UT WOS:000289301000008 PM 21467017 ER PT J AU O'Grady, NP Alexander, M Burns, LA Dellinger, EP Garland, J Heard, SO Lipsett, PA Masur, H Mermel, LA Pearson, ML Raad, II Randolph, AG Rupp, ME Saint, S AF O'Grady, Naomi P. Alexander, Mary Burns, Lillian A. Dellinger, E. Patchen Garland, Jeffrey Heard, Stephen O. Lipsett, Pamela A. Masur, Henry Mermel, Leonard A. Pearson, Michele L. Raad, Issam I. Randolph, Adrienne G. Rupp, Mark E. Saint, Sanjay CA HICPAC TI Guidelines for the Prevention of Intravascular Catheter-related Infections SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Editorial Material ID CENTRAL VENOUS CATHETERS; BLOOD-STREAM INFECTION; INTENSIVE-CARE-UNIT; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; PULMONARY-ARTERY CATHETERS; CRITICALLY-ILL PATIENTS; TOTAL PARENTERAL-NUTRITION; COAGULASE-NEGATIVE STAPHYLOCOCCI; PERIPHERAL INTRAVENOUS CATHETERS; CUFFED HEMODIALYSIS CATHETERS C1 [O'Grady, Naomi P.; Masur, Henry] NIH, Dept Crit Care Med, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Alexander, Mary] Infus Nurses Soc, Norwood, MA USA. [Burns, Lillian A.] Staten Isl Univ Hosp, Staten Isl, NY USA. [Dellinger, E. Patchen] Univ Washington, Dept Surg, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Garland, Jeffrey] Wheaton Franciscan Healthcare St Joseph, Dept Pediat, Milwaukee, WI USA. [Heard, Stephen O.] Univ Massachusetts, Sch Med, Dept Anesthesiol, Worcester, MA USA. [Lipsett, Pamela A.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Surg, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Mermel, Leonard A.] Brown Univ, Warren Alpert Med Sch, Div Infect Dis, Providence, RI 02912 USA. [Mermel, Leonard A.] Rhode Isl Hosp, Providence, RI USA. [Pearson, Michele L.] CDC, Off Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Raad, Issam I.] Univ Texas Houston, MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Dept Infect Dis, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Randolph, Adrienne G.] Childrens Hosp, Dept Anesthesiol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Rupp, Mark E.] Univ Nebraska Med Ctr, Dept Internal Med, Omaha, NE USA. [Saint, Sanjay] Ann Arbor VA Med Ctr, Dept Internal Med, Ann Arbor, MI USA. [Saint, Sanjay] Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RP O'Grady, NP (reprint author), NIH, Dept Crit Care Med, Bldg 10,Room 2C145,10 Ctr Dr,MSC 1662, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM nogrady@mail.cc.nih.gov OI Randolph, Adrienne/0000-0002-3084-3071 NR 371 TC 389 Z9 413 U1 3 U2 35 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 EI 1537-6591 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD MAY 1 PY 2011 VL 52 IS 9 BP E162 EP E193 DI 10.1093/cid/cir257 PG 32 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 747DR UT WOS:000289301000001 PM 21460264 ER PT J AU Subramanian, S Tangka, FKL Hoover, S DeGroff, A Royalty, J Seeff, LC AF Subramanian, Sujha Tangka, Florence K. L. Hoover, Sonja DeGroff, Amy Royalty, Janet Seeff, Laura C. TI Clinical and programmatic costs of implementing colorectal cancer screening: Evaluation of five programs SO EVALUATION AND PROGRAM PLANNING LA English DT Article DE Program cost; Activity-based costing; Economic evaluation; Colorectal cancer screening ID DRUG-ABUSE TREATMENT; HEALTH INTERVIEW SURVEY; TASK-FORCE; SURVEILLANCE; AMERICAN; DATCAP AB Background: The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) initiated the Colorectal Cancer Screening Demonstration Program (CRCSDP) in 2005 to explore the feasibility of establishing a colorectal cancer screening program for underserved US populations. We provide a detailed overview of the evaluation and an assessment of the costs incurred during the service delivery (screening) phase of the program. Methods: Tailored cost questionnaires were completed by staff at the five CRCSDP sites for the first 2 years of the program. We collected cost data for clinical and programmatic activities (program management, data collection and tracking, etc.). We also measured in-kind contributions and assigned values to them. Results: During the first 2 years of the demonstration excluding the start-up cost, the average cost per person was $2569. Per person cost of clinical services alone ranged from $264 to $1385, while per person programmatic costs ranged from $545 to $3017. Conclusion: Colorectal cancer screening programs can incur substantial costs for some non-clinical activities, such as data collection/tracking, and these support activities should be managed carefully to control costs and ensure successful program implementation. Our findings highlight the importance of performing economic evaluation to guide the design of future colorectal cancer screening programs. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Subramanian, Sujha; Hoover, Sonja] RTI Int, Waltham, MA 02451 USA. [Tangka, Florence K. L.; DeGroff, Amy; Royalty, Janet; Seeff, Laura C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Subramanian, S (reprint author), RTI Int, 1440 Main St,Suite 310, Waltham, MA 02451 USA. EM ssubramanian@rti.org; ftangka@cdc.gov; shoover@rti.org; asd1@cdc.gov; jer5@cdc.gov; lvs3@cdc.gov NR 18 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0149-7189 J9 EVAL PROGRAM PLANN JI Eval. Program Plan. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 34 IS 2 BP 147 EP 153 DI 10.1016/j.evalprogplan.2010.09.005 PG 7 WC Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary SC Social Sciences - Other Topics GA 739OL UT WOS:000288727400008 PM 21036399 ER PT J AU Schunemann, H Hill, S Guyatt, G Akl, EA Ahmed, F AF Schuenemann, Holger Hill, Suzanne Guyatt, Gordon Akl, Elie A. Ahmed, Faruque TI The GRADE approach and Bradford Hill's criteria for causation SO JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY AND COMMUNITY HEALTH LA English DT Article ID RECOMMENDATIONS; QUALITY; DISCLOSURE; CLINICIAN AB This article describes how the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) approach to grading the quality of evidence and strength of recommendations considers the Bradford Hill criteria for causation and how GRADE may relate to questions in public health. A primary concern in public health is that evidence from non-randomised studies may provide a more adequate or best available measure of a public health strategy's impact, but that such evidence might be graded as lower quality in the GRADE framework. GRADE, however, presents a framework that describes both criteria for assessing the quality of research evidence and the strength of recommendations that includes considerations arising from the Bradford Hill criteria. GRADE places emphasis on recommendations and in assessing quality of evidence; GRADE notes that randomisation is only one of many relevant factors. This article describes how causation may relate to developing recommendations and how the Bradford Hill criteria are considered in GRADE, using examples from the public health literature with a focus on immunisation. C1 [Schuenemann, Holger; Guyatt, Gordon] McMaster Univ, Dept Clin Epidemiol & Biostat, Hlth Sci Ctr, Hamilton, ON L8N 3Z5, Canada. [Schuenemann, Holger; Guyatt, Gordon] McMaster Univ, Dept Med, Hlth Sci Ctr, Hamilton, ON L8N 3Z5, Canada. [Hill, Suzanne] WHO, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. [Akl, Elie A.] SUNY Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. [Ahmed, Faruque] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Schunemann, H (reprint author), McMaster Univ, Dept Clin Epidemiol & Biostat, Hlth Sci Ctr, Room 2C10B,1200 Main St W, Hamilton, ON L8N 3Z5, Canada. EM schuneh@mcmaster.ca NR 12 TC 38 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 13 PU B M J PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 0143-005X J9 J EPIDEMIOL COMMUN H JI J. Epidemiol. Community Health PD MAY PY 2011 VL 65 IS 5 BP 392 EP 395 DI 10.1136/jech.2010.119933 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 744FG UT WOS:000289079700004 PM 20947872 ER PT J AU Umble, K Baker, EL Diehl, SJ Haws, S Steffen, D Frederick, S Woltring, C AF Umble, Karl Baker, Edward L. Diehl, Sandra J. Haws, Susan Steffen, David Frederick, Steve Woltring, Carol TI An Evaluation of the National Public Health Leadership Institute-1991-2006: Part II. Strengthening Public Health Leadership Networks, Systems, and Infrastructure SO JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH MANAGEMENT AND PRACTICE LA English DT Article DE continuing education; leadership development; program evaluation; public health administration; public organizations; social networks; systems change ID PROFESSIONAL-ASSOCIATIONS; INSTITUTE; DIFFUSION; TYPOLOGY; WORK AB Context: The year-long National Public Health Leadership Institute's (PHLI) goals are to develop the capacity of individual leaders and networks of leaders so that both can lead improvements in public health systems, infrastructure, and population health. Objective: To evaluate PHLI's impact on networks, systems, and infrastructure. Participants: Senior leaders from government, health care, associations, and other organizations who graduated from PHLI between 1992 and 2006. Intervention: Retreats; readings, conference calls, and webinars; personal assessments, feedback, and coaching; and action learning projects. Methods: A cross-sectional survey sent in 2007 to all leaders from the program's first 15 cohorts. Between 1992 and 2006, PHLI graduated 806 leaders. Of the 646 graduates located, 393 (61%) responded, for an overall response rate of 49% (393/806). Telephone interviews of 35 key informants were also conducted. Results: Graduates fostered changes in systems, policies, organizations, and programs and frequently described these changes as resulting from their work as or with networks. Many graduates formed an informal national network of "thought leaders" and volunteered with professional associations to help in creating methods for improving systems and infrastructure. At the state level, graduates worked as informal networks and with associations to restructure services, reorganize agencies, catalyze new laws, and develop programs. Locally, graduates developed coalitions, fostered new laws, and improved programs, among other changes. Conclusion: The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's multiyear sponsorship of a national program fostered national networks among "thought leaders" who helped to lead the development and diffusion of numerous innovations. Public health leadership development program sponsors should foster collaborative leadership by engaging leaders in systems thinking, team leadership, dialogue, conflict resolution, and negotiation, recommend using networks for sustained personal and system development, and link leaders to networks and associations. Networks provide the collective creativity and broad support needed to enact system and infrastructure changes. C1 [Umble, Karl; Baker, Edward L.] Univ N Carolina, N Carolina Inst Publ Hlth, UNC Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Haws, Susan] Univ N Carolina, Dept Hlth Behav & Educ, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Steffen, David] Univ N Carolina, Publ Hlth Leadership Program, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Diehl, Sandra J.] Univ N Carolina, UNC Lineberger Comprehens Canc Ctr, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Frederick, Steve] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Woltring, Carol] Inst Publ Hlth, Ctr Hlth Leadership & Practice, Oakland, CA USA. RP Umble, K (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, N Carolina Inst Publ Hlth, UNC Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Campus Box 8165, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. EM umble@email.unc.edu NR 46 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 3 U2 18 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1078-4659 J9 J PUBLIC HEALTH MAN JI J. Public Health Manag. Pract. PD MAY-JUN PY 2011 VL 17 IS 3 BP 214 EP 224 DI 10.1097/PHH.0b013e31820759d0 PG 11 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 745ES UT WOS:000289149200008 PM 21464683 ER PT J AU Jajosky, R Rey, A Park, M Aranas, A Macdonald, S Ferland, L AF Jajosky, Ruth Rey, Araceli Park, Meeyoung Aranas, Aaron Macdonald, Steven Ferland, Lisa TI Findings from the Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists' 2008 Assessment of State Reportable and Nationally Notifiable Conditions in the United States and Considerations for the Future SO JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH MANAGEMENT AND PRACTICE LA English DT Article DE assessment; case reporting; National Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System; nationally notifiable conditions; public health surveillance; reportable conditions; reporting requirements ID DISEASES; HEALTH; COMPLETENESS; LABORATORIES; CLINICIANS; RECORDS; SYSTEM AB Context: The State Reportable Conditions Assessment (SRCA) is an annual assessment of reporting requirements for reportable public health conditions. The Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists (CSTE) and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention have gained valuable experience in developing a centralized repository of information about reportable conditions across US states and territories. Objective: This study examines the reporting status in states of nationally notifiable conditions used to inform public health and national surveillance initiatives. Design: Conditions included in SRCA are updated annually by using a Web-based tool created by the CSTE. Setting: SRCA information for 2008 was reported from all US states, 2 cities, and 4 territories. Participants: Respondents included state or territorial epidemiologists (or designees) for reporting jurisdictions. Main Outcome Measure: Conditions were classified as explicitly reportable, implicitly reportable, or not reportable. Results were tabulated to determine reporting statistics for the conditions nationwide. Results: The SRCA included 101 conditions recommended for national notification: 93 (92%) were infectious conditions, and 8 (8%) were other (noninfectious or crosscutting) conditions. Of nationally notifiable infectious conditions, 61 (66%) were explicitly reportable in 90% or more jurisdictions; only 2 (25%) noninfectious or crosscutting nationally notifiable conditions were explicitly reportable in 90% or more jurisdictions. Furthermore, 3 nationally notifiable infectious conditions were explicitly reportable in less than 70% of jurisdictions. Conclusions: Although most nationally notifiable conditions were explicitly reportable, we found that many of these conditions have implicit reporting authority in states. As notifiable condition surveillance moves toward an informatics-driven approach, automated electronic case-detection systems will need explicit information about what conditions are reportable. Future work should address the feasibility of standardizing the format of reportable disease lists and nomenclature used to facilitate data aggregation and interpretation across states. C1 [Jajosky, Ruth; Aranas, Aaron] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Park, Meeyoung] McKing Consulting, Atlanta, GA USA. [Ferland, Lisa] Council State & Terr Epidemiologists, Atlanta, GA USA. [Rey, Araceli] CDC, Austin, TX USA. [Macdonald, Steven] Washington State Dept Hlth, Environm Epidemiol Unit, Olympia, WA USA. RP Jajosky, R (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mail Stop E-91, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM raj3@cdc.gov FU PHS HHS [U60/CCU07277] NR 30 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1078-4659 J9 J PUBLIC HEALTH MAN JI J. Public Health Manag. Pract. PD MAY-JUN PY 2011 VL 17 IS 3 BP 255 EP 264 DI 10.1097/PHH.0b013e318200f8da PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 745ES UT WOS:000289149200004 PM 21591479 ER PT J AU Rochester, P Porterfield, DS Richardson, LC McAleer, K Adams, E Holden, D AF Rochester, Phyllis Porterfield, Deborah S. Richardson, Lisa C. McAleer, Kelly Adams, Elizabeth Holden, Debra TI Piloting Performance Measurement for Comprehensive Cancer Control Programs SO JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH MANAGEMENT AND PRACTICE LA English DT Article DE cancer control; evaluation; performance measurement ID QUALITY IMPROVEMENT; PUBLIC-HEALTH; PREVENTION AB Objective: To implement a pilot test of performance measures for National Comprehensive Cancer Control (CCC) programs funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Design: A cross-sectional assessment conducted in 2008. Setting: A total of 65 CCC-funded entities (51 states, 7 tribes, and 7 territories or jurisdictions) representing 69 CCC programs. Participants: Comprehensive Cancer Control program staff. Main Outcome Measures: In a process that involved stakeholders from funded programs, academia, and nonprofit organizations, the CDC developed a framework for evaluation and a performance measures worksheet containing 11 performance measures for CCC programs that assessed grantee attainment of key components of CCC as required in the funding announcement. The framework was based on a CCC logic model. The performance measures worksheet contained detailed description of the measures, definitions, and suggested data sources for the 11 measures. Results: Of the 69 programs, 61 completed the worksheets. The median time reported to complete the worksheet was 10 hours (interquartile range = 6-20). Almost all programs reported having representation of relevant populations in their coalition and having conducted a recent assessment of the burden of cancer. Less frequently, programs reported having a written evaluation plan or having enacted policy changes. Additional performance measures described non-CDC funding, the percentage of partners implementing CCC activities, and the percentage of implemented interventions that were evidence-based. Conclusions: This pilot test of the performance measures worksheet established the feasibility of conducting a standardized survey of CCC programs to identify issues of importance to developing and implementing the CCC program at national and program levels. The performance measures provided unique data on CCC grantees to the CDC funders and feedback on performance measures for improving questions on future surveys. Refinement of the performance measures will provide a tool for monitoring processes of action and accountability of grantees and will encourage a culture of quality improvement through systematic evaluation. C1 [Rochester, Phyllis; Richardson, Lisa C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Porterfield, Deborah S.; McAleer, Kelly; Adams, Elizabeth; Holden, Debra] RTI Int, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. RP Richardson, LC (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, 4770 Buford Highway NE, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM lrichardson@cdc.gov NR 23 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 8 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1078-4659 J9 J PUBLIC HEALTH MAN JI J. Public Health Manag. Pract. PD MAY-JUN PY 2011 VL 17 IS 3 BP 275 EP 282 DI 10.1097/PHH.0b013e3181fd4d19 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 745ES UT WOS:000289149200014 PM 21464689 ER PT J AU Vellozzi, C Buchacz, K Baker, R Spradling, PR Richardson, J Moorman, A Tedaldi, E Durham, M Ward, J Brooks, JT AF Vellozzi, C. Buchacz, K. Baker, R. Spradling, P. R. Richardson, J. Moorman, A. Tedaldi, E. Durham, M. Ward, J. Brooks, J. T. CA HOPS Investigators TI Treatment of hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in patients coinfected with HIV in the HIV Outpatient Study (HOPS), 1999-2007 SO JOURNAL OF VIRAL HEPATITIS LA English DT Article DE HAART; HCV treatment; hepatitis C; HIV HCV; HIV infection; interferon ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; ALPHA-2A PLUS RIBAVIRIN; PEGINTERFERON ALPHA-2A; LIVER FIBROSIS; ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; MORTALITY; RECOMMENDATIONS; MORBIDITY; ADULTS; CARE AB Liver disease due to hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is a leading cause of non-AIDS-related morbidity and mortality in patients infected with HIV. We assessed the frequency of and predictors for initiation of treatment for HCV infection among patients coinfected with HCV/HIV enrolled in the HIV Outpatient Study (HOPS) during 1999-2007. We included patients with confirmed HCV infection, at least 1 year of subsequent follow-up, and no evidence of prior HCV treatment. We assessed predictors of HCV treatment initiation using Cox proportional hazards analyses. During 1999-2007, 103 (20%) HOPS patients coinfected with HCV/HIV initiated HCV treatment during a median of 4.3 years of follow-up (interquartile range: 2.7, 6.7). In multivariable analysis, non-Hispanic black race/ethnicity (hazard ratio HR] 0.3; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.2, 0.6) was independently associated with a lower likelihood of HCV treatment. Elevated alanine aminotransferase (ALT; HR 3.5; 95% CI = 2.2, 5.6) and CD4+ cell count >= 500 cells/mm3 (HR 1.8; 95% CI = 1.2, 2.8) at the start of observation were independently associated with higher likelihood of HCV treatment. For patients starting observation in 1999-2001, 2002-2004 and 2005-2007, 5%, 11% and 21% of patients initiated treatment during the first year of follow-up, respectively. Between 1999 and 2007, despite a stable low fraction of patients coinfected with HCV/HIV initiating treatment for HCV infection, an increasing proportion initiated treatment within the first year after the infection was confirmed. Treatment of HCV infection in patients coinfected with HCV/HIV should be considered a priority, given the increased risk of accelerated end-stage liver disease. C1 [Vellozzi, C.; Buchacz, K.; Durham, M.; Brooks, J. T.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Baker, R.; Richardson, J.] Cerner Corp, Vienna, VA USA. [Spradling, P. R.; Moorman, A.; Ward, J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, Natl Ctr HIV STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Tedaldi, E.] Temple Univ, Philadelphia, PA 19122 USA. RP Vellozzi, C (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV STD & TB Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop D-26, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM cvellozzi@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [200-2001-00133] FX HIV Outpatient Study Funding source: Contract 200-2001-00133 - Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 50 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 4 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1352-0504 EI 1365-2893 J9 J VIRAL HEPATITIS JI J. Viral Hepatitis PD MAY PY 2011 VL 18 IS 5 BP 316 EP 324 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2893.2010.01299.x PG 9 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA 746MR UT WOS:000289251900002 PM 20367803 ER PT J AU Fujishiro, K Roux, AVD Landsbergis, P Baron, S Barr, RG Kaufman, JD Polak, JF Stukovsky, KH AF Fujishiro, Kaori Roux, Ana V. Diez Landsbergis, Paul Baron, Sherry Barr, R. Graham Kaufman, Joel D. Polak, Joseph F. Stukovsky, Karen Hinckley TI Associations of occupation, job control and job demands with intima-media thickness: The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) SO OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID AMBULATORY BLOOD-PRESSURE; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK-FACTORS; CAROTID ATHEROSCLEROSIS; YOUNG FINNS; SUBCLINICAL ATHEROSCLEROSIS; STRAIN; ARTERY; WOMEN; MEN; DISEASE AB Objectives Occupation has been linked to cardiovascular disease (CVD) incidence and mortality, but few studies have investigated occupation in relation to early atherosclerotic disease. This study examined associations between various occupational characteristics and carotid artery intima-media thickness (IMT) in a multi-ethnic sample. Methods The Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA) recruited 6814 adults aged 45-84 years and free of clinical CVD (response rate 60%, 51% female). Questionnaire data were used to determine occupational group (managerial/professional, sales/office, service, blue-collar), psychosocial job characteristics (ie, job demands, job control) and other sociodemographic information. Results Common carotid artery (CCA)-IMT was greater for blue-collar jobs than for management/professional jobs (mean difference = 0.012 mm, p=0.049) after adjustment for age, sex, race, place of birth (US or foreign born) and CVD risk factors. Compared to management/professional jobs, internal carotid artery (ICA)-IMT was greater for sales/office, service and blue-collar jobs (mean difference=0.071 mm, p<0.001; 0.057 mm, p=0.009; and 0.110 mm, p<0.001, respectively) after adjustment for age, sex, race and place of birth. The difference between blue-collar jobs and management/professional jobs remained significant after additional adjustment for CVD risk factors, income and education (mean difference=0.048 mm, p=0.045). Higher levels of control at work were associated with thinner CCA-IMT (mean difference=-0.009 mm, p=0.016, adjusted for age, sex, race and place of birth) but not with ICA-IMT. Job demands had no significant association with IMT. Conclusions Blue-collar jobs and low levels of job control were associated with the development of subclinical atherosclerosis. C1 [Fujishiro, Kaori; Baron, Sherry] NIOSH, Div Surveillance Hazard Evaluat & Field Studies, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Roux, Ana V. Diez] Univ Michigan, Dept Epidemiol, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Landsbergis, Paul] Suny Downstate Med Ctr, Dept Environm & Occupat Hlth Sci, New York, NY USA. [Barr, R. Graham] Columbia Univ, Dept Med, New York, NY USA. [Barr, R. Graham] Columbia Univ, Dept Epidemiol, New York, NY USA. [Stukovsky, Karen Hinckley] Univ Washington, Dept Biostat, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Polak, Joseph F.] Tufts Univ, Dept Radiol, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Fujishiro, K (reprint author), NIOSH, Div Surveillance Hazard Evaluat & Field Studies, 4676 Columbia Pkwy R-15, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM kfujishiro@cdc.gov RI Kaufman, Joel/B-5761-2008 OI Kaufman, Joel/0000-0003-4174-9037 FU National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute [N01-HC-95159, N01-HC-95165, N01-HC-95169]; National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health [NORA FY08 CRN SLB8]; NIEHS [K24ES013195] FX MESA is supported by contracts N01-HC-95159 through N01-HC-95165 and N01-HC-95169 from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute. Occupational coding was supported by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NORA FY08 CRN SLB8). Joel Kaufman was supported by NIEHS (K24ES013195). NR 34 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 2 U2 8 PU B M J PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 1351-0711 J9 OCCUP ENVIRON MED JI Occup. Environ. Med. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 68 IS 5 BP 319 EP 326 DI 10.1136/oem.2010.055582 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 746JN UT WOS:000289242600004 PM 20935285 ER PT J AU Schubauer-Berigan, MK Couch, JR Petersen, MR Carreon, T Jin, Y Deddens, JA AF Schubauer-Berigan, Mary K. Couch, James R. Petersen, Martin R. Carreon, Tania Jin, Yan Deddens, James A. TI Cohort mortality study of workers at seven beryllium processing plants: update and associations with cumulative and maximum exposure SO OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID LUNG-CANCER; DISEASE; SMOKING; RISK; SENSITIZATION; REANALYSIS; FACILITY; SYSTEM; FUME AB Objectives To extend follow-up of cause-specific mortality in workers at seven beryllium processing plants and to estimate associations between mortality risk and beryllium exposure. Methods 9199 workers were followed for mortality from 1940 through 2005. Standardised mortality ratios (SMRs) were estimated based on US population comparisons for lung, nervous system and urinary tract cancers, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), chronic kidney disease, and categories containing chronic beryllium disease (CBD) and cor pulmonale. Associations with maximum and cumulative exposure were calculated for a subset of the workers. Results Overall mortality in the cohort compared with the US population was elevated for lung cancer (SMR 1.17; 95% CI 1.08 to 1.28), COPD (SMR 1.23; 95% CI 1.13 to 1.32), and the categories containing CBD (SMR 7.80; 95% CI 6.26 to 9.60) and cor pulmonale (SMR 1.17; 95% CI 1.08 to 1.26). Mortality rates for most diseases of interest increased with time-since-hire. For the category including CBD, rates were substantially elevated compared to the US population across all exposure groups. Workers whose maximum beryllium exposure was >= 10 mu g/m(3) had higher rates of lung cancer, urinary tract cancer, COPD and the category containing cor pulmonale than workers with lower exposure. Significant positive trends with cumulative exposure were observed for nervous system cancers (p=0.0006) and, when short-term workers were excluded, lung cancer (p=0.01), urinary tract cancer (p=0.003) and COPD (p<0.0001). Conclusion These findings reaffirm that lung cancer and CBD, and suggest that COPD and nervous system and urinary tract cancers, are related to beryllium exposure. Cigarette smoking and exposure to other lung carcinogens are unlikely to explain these elevations. C1 [Schubauer-Berigan, Mary K.; Couch, James R.; Petersen, Martin R.; Carreon, Tania; Jin, Yan; Deddens, James A.] NIOSH, DSHEFS, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. RP Schubauer-Berigan, MK (reprint author), NIOSH, DSHEFS, MS R15,4676 Columbia Pkwy, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM zcg3@cdc.gov RI Schubauer-Berigan, Mary/B-3149-2009 OI Schubauer-Berigan, Mary/0000-0002-5175-924X FU US National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health FX The US National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health provided funding for this study. NR 44 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 2 PU B M J PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 1351-0711 J9 OCCUP ENVIRON MED JI Occup. Environ. Med. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 68 IS 5 BP 345 EP 353 DI 10.1136/oem.2010.056481 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 746JN UT WOS:000289242600008 PM 20952555 ER PT J AU Schubauer-Berigan, MK Deddens, JA Couch, JR Petersen, MR AF Schubauer-Berigan, Mary K. Deddens, James A. Couch, James R. Petersen, Martin R. TI Risk of lung cancer associated with quantitative beryllium exposure metrics within an occupational cohort SO OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID EMPIRICAL-EVALUATION; WORKPLACE EXPOSURE; WORKERS; REEXAMINATION; MORTALITY; SPLINES; DESIGNS; BIAS; AGE AB Objectives Beryllium has been identified as a human carcinogen on the basis of animal and epidemiological studies. The authors recently reported updated associations between lung cancer and beryllium exposure in a large, pooled occupational cohort. The authors conducted the present study to evaluate the shape of exposure-response associations between different exposure metrics and lung cancer in this cohort, considering potential confounders (race, plant, professional and short-term work status, and exposure to other lung carcinogens). Methods The authors conducted Cox proportional hazards regression analyses of lung cancer risk with cumulative, mean and maximum 'daily weighted average' (DWA) exposure among 5436 workers, using age-based risk sets. Different exposure-response curves were fitted to the exposure metrics, including categorical, power, restricted cubic spline and piecewise log-linear fits. Results The authors found significant positive associations between lung cancer and mean (p<0.0001) and maximum (p<0.0001) exposure, adjusting for age, birth cohort and plant, and for cumulative (p=0.0017) beryllium exposure, adjusting for these factors plus short-term work status and exposure to asbestos. The best-fitting models were generally categorical or piecewise log-linear, with the steepest increase in lung cancer risk between 0 and 10 mu g/m(3) for both mean and maximum DWA exposure and between 0 and 200 mu g/m(3)-days for cumulative DWA exposure. The estimated mean DWA beryllium exposure associated with 10(-3) excess lifetime risk based on the piecewise log-linear model is 0.033 mu g/m(3). Conclusion This study provides evidence that lung cancer risk is elevated at levels near the current US Occupational Safety and Health Administration beryllium exposure limit of 2.0 mu g/m(3) DWA for workers. C1 [Schubauer-Berigan, Mary K.; Deddens, James A.; Couch, James R.; Petersen, Martin R.] NIOSH, Div Surveillance Hazard Evaluat & Field Studies, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. RP Schubauer-Berigan, MK (reprint author), NIOSH, Div Surveillance Hazard Evaluat & Field Studies, MS R15,4676 Columbia Pkwy, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM zcg3@cdc.gov RI Schubauer-Berigan, Mary/B-3149-2009 OI Schubauer-Berigan, Mary/0000-0002-5175-924X FU US National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health FX Funding for this study was provided by the US National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. NR 41 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 6 PU B M J PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 1351-0711 J9 OCCUP ENVIRON MED JI Occup. Environ. Med. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 68 IS 5 BP 354 EP 360 DI 10.1136/oem.2010.056515 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 746JN UT WOS:000289242600009 PM 21084327 ER PT J AU Couch, JR Petersen, M Rice, C Schubauer-Berigan, MK AF Couch, James R. Petersen, Martin Rice, Carol Schubauer-Berigan, Mary K. TI Development of retrospective quantitative and qualitative job-exposure matrices for exposures at a beryllium processing facility SO OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID LUNG-CANCER; OCCUPATIONAL EPIDEMIOLOGY; MORTALITY; WORKERS AB Objectives To construct a job-exposure matrix (JEM) for an Ohio beryllium processing facility between 1953 and 2006 and to evaluate temporal changes in airborne beryllium exposures. Methods Quantitative area-and breathing-zone-based exposure measurements of airborne beryllium were made between 1953 and 2006 and used by plant personnel to estimate daily weighted average (DWA) exposure concentrations for sampled departments and operations. These DWA measurements were used to create a JEM with 18 exposure metrics, which was linked to the plant cohort consisting of 18 568 unique job, department and year combinations. The exposure metrics ranged from quantitative metrics (annual arithmetic/geometric average DWA exposures, maximum DWA and peak exposures) to descriptive qualitative metrics (chemical beryllium species and physical form) to qualitative assignment of exposure to other risk factors (yes/no). Twelve collapsed job titles with long-term consistent industrial hygiene samples were evaluated using regression analysis for time trends in DWA estimates. Results Annual arithmetic mean DWA estimates (overall plant-wide exposures including administration, non-production, and production estimates) for the data by decade ranged from a high of 1.39 mu g/m(3) in the 1950s to a low of 0.33 mu g/m(3) in the 2000s. Of the 12 jobs evaluated for temporal trend, the average arithmetic DWA mean was 2.46 mu g/m(3) and the average geometric mean DWA was 1.53 mu g/m(3). After the DWA calculations were log-transformed, 11 of the 12 had a statistically significant (p<0.05) decrease in reported exposure over time. Conclusions The constructed JEM successfully differentiated beryllium exposures across jobs and over time. This is the only quantitative JEM containing exposure estimates (average and peak) for the entire plant history. C1 [Couch, James R.; Petersen, Martin; Schubauer-Berigan, Mary K.] NIOSH, DSHEFS, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Rice, Carol] Univ Cincinnati, Dept Environm Hlth, Cincinnati, OH USA. RP Couch, JR (reprint author), NIOSH, DSHEFS, 4676 Columbia Pkwy R-11, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM jcouch@cdc.gov RI Schubauer-Berigan, Mary/B-3149-2009 OI Schubauer-Berigan, Mary/0000-0002-5175-924X NR 12 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 4 PU B M J PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 1351-0711 J9 OCCUP ENVIRON MED JI Occup. Environ. Med. PD MAY PY 2011 VL 68 IS 5 BP 361 EP 365 DI 10.1136/oem.2010.056630 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 746JN UT WOS:000289242600010 PM 20974744 ER PT J AU Lawson, CC Whelan, EA Hibert, ENL Spiegelman, D Schernhammer, ES Rich-Edwards, JW AF Lawson, Christina C. Whelan, Elizabeth A. Hibert, Eileen N. Lividoti Spiegelman, Donna Schernhammer, Eva S. Rich-Edwards, Janet W. TI Rotating Shift Work and Menstrual Cycle Characteristics SO EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID URINARY 6-SULFATOXYMELATONIN LEVELS; LIFE-STYLE FACTORS; BODY-MASS INDEX; LUTEINIZING-HORMONE; OVULATORY DISORDER; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; FOLLICULAR PHASE; CIRCADIAN-RHYTHM; MAGNETIC-FIELDS; WOMEN AB Background: Shift workers who experience sleep disturbances and exposure to light at night could be at increased risk for alterations in physiologic functions that are circadian in nature. Methods: We investigated rotating shift work and menstrual cycle patterns in the Nurses' Health Study II using cross-sectional data collected in 1993 from 71,077 nurses aged 28-45 years who were having menstrual periods and were not using oral contraceptives. Log-binomial regression was used to estimate relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results: Eight percent of participants reported working rotating night shifts for 1-9 months, 4% for 10-19 months, and 7% for 20+ months during the previous 2 years. Irregular cycles (>7 days variability) were reported by 10% of participants. Seventy percent of women reported menstrual cycles of 26-31 days, 1% less than 21 days, 16% 21-25 days, 11% 32-39 days, and 1% 40+ days. Women with 20+ months of rotating shift work were more likely to have irregular cycles (adjusted RR = 1.23 [CI = 1.14-1.33]); they were also more likely to have cycle length <21 days (1.27 [0.99-1.62]) or 40+ days (1.49 [1.19-1.87]) (both compared with 26-31 days). For irregular patterns and for 40+ day cycles, there was evidence of a dose response with increasing months of rotating shift work. Moderately short (21-25 days) or long (32-39 days) cycle lengths were not associated with rotating shift work. Conclusions: Shift work was modestly associated with menstrual function, with possible implications for fertility and other cycle-related aspects of women's health. C1 [Lawson, Christina C.; Whelan, Elizabeth A.] NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Hibert, Eileen N. Lividoti; Schernhammer, Eva S.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Channing Lab, Dept Med,Brigham & Womens Hosp, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Spiegelman, Donna; Rich-Edwards, Janet W.] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Spiegelman, Donna] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Biostat, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Rich-Edwards, Janet W.] Harvard Univ, Brigham & Womens Hosp, Connors Ctr Womens Hlth & Gender Biol, Sch Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA. RP Lawson, CC (reprint author), NIOSH, CDC, 4676 Columbia Pkway,R-15, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM clawson@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control/National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health [200-2001-08007] FX Supported (partially) by Centers for Disease Control/National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (contract 200-2001-08007). NR 37 TC 30 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 10 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1044-3983 J9 EPIDEMIOLOGY JI Epidemiology PD MAY PY 2011 VL 22 IS 3 BP 305 EP 312 DI 10.1097/EDE.0b013e3182130016 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 745DG UT WOS:000289144600007 PM 21364464 ER PT J AU Xu, K Liu, LN Saad, OM Baudys, J Williams, L Leipold, D Shen, B Raab, H Junutula, JR Kim, A Kaur, S AF Xu, Keyang Liu, Luna Saad, Ola M. Baudys, Jakub Williams, Lara Leipold, Douglas Shen, Ben Raab, Helga Junutula, Jagath R. Kim, Amy Kaur, Surinder TI Characterization of intact antibody-drug conjugates from plasma/serum in vivo by affinity capture capillary liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry SO ANALYTICAL BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Antibody-drug conjugate; THIOMAB-drug conjugate; Drug loss; Drug-to-antibody ratio; Affinity capture; Capillary liquid chromatography; Mass spectrometry; Electrospray ionization ID MAGNETIC BEADS; CANCER-THERAPY; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; ANTITUMOR-ACTIVITY; CYTOTOXIC DRUG; IMMUNOCONJUGATE; PEPTIDES; QUANTITATION; ANTIGEN; LECTIN AB Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) are designed to facilitate the targeted delivery of cytotoxic drugs to improve their tumor fighting effects and minimize systemic toxicity. However, efficacy and safety can potentially be compromised due to the release of conjugated drugs from the ADC with time while in circulation, resulting in changes in the drug-to-antibody ratio (DAR). Current understanding of this process is limited because existing methods such as immunoassays fail to distinguish ADCs with different DARs. Here we demonstrate a novel method with bead-based affinity capture and capillary liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry to allow direct measurement of drug release by quantifying DAR distributions of the ADC in plasma/serum. This method successfully identified individual intact conjugated antibody species produced due to drug loss from ADCs (e.g., an engineered site-specific anti-MUC16 THIOMAB-drug conjugate) and measured the corresponding DAR distributions in vitro and in vivo. Information obtained can provide insights into the mechanisms involved in drug loss and help to optimize ADC therapeutics. Other potential applications of the method may include characterization of posttranslational modifications, protein adducts, and immunogenicity. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Xu, Keyang; Liu, Luna; Saad, Ola M.; Baudys, Jakub; Williams, Lara; Leipold, Douglas; Shen, Ben; Raab, Helga; Junutula, Jagath R.; Kim, Amy; Kaur, Surinder] Genentech Inc, San Francisco, CA 94080 USA. [Baudys, Jakub] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Emergency Response & Air Toxicant ERAT Branch, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Williams, Lara] Grays Harbor Coll, Aberdeen, WA 98520 USA. RP Xu, K (reprint author), Genentech Inc, San Francisco, CA 94080 USA. EM xu.keyang@gene.com; kaur.surinder@gene.com OI Junutula, Jagath Reddy/0000-0002-5942-4428 NR 25 TC 65 Z9 66 U1 3 U2 33 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0003-2697 J9 ANAL BIOCHEM JI Anal. Biochem. PD MAY 1 PY 2011 VL 412 IS 1 BP 56 EP 66 DI 10.1016/j.ab.2011.01.004 PG 11 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 737SY UT WOS:000288589700008 PM 21216214 ER PT J AU Wang, DX Baudys, J Kalb, SR Barr, JR AF Wang, Dongxia Baudys, Jakub Kalb, Suzanne R. Barr, John R. TI Improved detection of botulinum neurotoxin type A in stool by mass spectrometry SO ANALYTICAL BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Botulinum neurotoxin; Detection; Mass spectrometry; Stool ID LINKED-IMMUNOSORBENT-ASSAY; MOUSE BIOASSAY; SEROTYPE-B; TOXIN; DIFFERENTIATION AB Botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs) are the most toxic substances known to humankind. Rapid and sensitive detection of BoNTs is necessary for timely clinical confirmation of the disease state in botulism. BoNTs cleave proteins and peptide mimics at specific sites. A mass spectrometry (MS)-based method, Endo-pep-MS, can detect these cleavages and has detection limits of 0.05-0.5 mouse LD(50) (U) in serum, depending on the BoNT serotypes. In this method, the products generated from cleavage of peptide substrates using antibody affinity-purified toxins are detected by MS. Nonspecific bound endogenous proteases or peptidases in stool can coextract with the toxin, cleaving the peptide substrates and reducing the sensitivity of the method. Here we report a method to reduce nonspecific substrate cleavage by reducing stool protease coextraction in the Endopep-MS assay. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Wang, Dongxia; Baudys, Jakub; Kalb, Suzanne R.; Barr, John R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Barr, JR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM jbarr@cdc.gov OI Kalb, Suzanne/0000-0002-8067-136X NR 21 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 6 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0003-2697 J9 ANAL BIOCHEM JI Anal. Biochem. PD MAY 1 PY 2011 VL 412 IS 1 BP 67 EP 73 DI 10.1016/j.ab.2011.01.025 PG 7 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 737SY UT WOS:000288589700009 PM 21276417 ER PT J AU Ospina, M Costin, A Barry, AK Vesper, HW AF Ospina, Maria Costin, Alina Barry, Adrienne K. Vesper, Hubert W. TI Characterization of N-terminal formaldehyde adducts to hemoglobin SO RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY LA English DT Article ID STRUCTURAL-CHARACTERIZATION; ACETALDEHYDE ADDUCTS; INHALATION EXPOSURE; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; PROTEIN ADDUCTS; MODEL PEPTIDES; GLOBIN ADDUCTS; IN-VITRO; IDENTIFICATION; ACRYLAMIDE AB A procedure to prepare and purify adducts of formaldehyde ( FA) to the N-terminus of peptides was developed. FA-VHLTPEEK and FA-VLSPADK were produced with purities >95% upon incubation of the peptides with FA in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) at a pH level of 7.4. The peptides were purified by preparative liquid chromatography and were characterized by their retention times in liquid chromatography, their fragmentation patterns obtained by tandem mass spectrometry, and their accurate mass and nuclear magnetic resonance measurements. This is the first time an imidazolidone-type structure has been reported for FA adducts. The same peptides were identified in tryptic digests of human hemoglobin incubated with FA at physiological conditions and in human hemoglobin specimens. These peptides are suitable for use as calibrators for the quantitative assessment of internal exposure to FA. Published in 2011 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [Ospina, Maria; Costin, Alina; Barry, Adrienne K.; Vesper, Hubert W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Ospina, M (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM MOspina@cdc.gov RI Ospina, Maria/C-5111-2012 NR 38 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 10 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0951-4198 EI 1097-0231 J9 RAPID COMMUN MASS SP JI Rapid Commun. Mass Spectrom. PD APR 30 PY 2011 VL 25 IS 8 BP 1043 EP 1050 DI 10.1002/rcm.4954 PG 8 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical; Spectroscopy SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry; Spectroscopy GA 746RN UT WOS:000289264700006 PM 21452381 ER PT J AU Shinde, V Hanshaoworakul, W Simmerman, JM Narueponjirakul, U Sanasuttipun, W Kaewchana, S Areechokechai, D Ungchusak, K Fry, AM AF Shinde, Vivek Hanshaoworakul, Wanna Simmerman, James M. Narueponjirakul, Ubolrat Sanasuttipun, Wiwan Kaewchana, Suchada Areechokechai, Darin Ungchusak, Kumnuan Fry, Alicia M. TI A Comparison of Clinical and Epidemiological Characteristics of Fatal Human Infections with H5N1 and Human Influenza Viruses in Thailand, 2004-2006 SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID AVIAN-INFLUENZA; A H5N1; INDONESIA AB Background: The National Avian Influenza Surveillance (NAIS) system detected human H5N1 cases in Thailand from 2004-2006. Using NAIS data, we identified risk factors for death among H5N1 cases and described differences between H5N1 and human (seasonal) influenza cases. Methods and Findings: NAIS identified 11,641 suspect H5N1 cases (e. g. persons with fever and respiratory symptoms or pneumonia, and exposure to sick or dead poultry). All suspect H5N1 cases were tested with polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays for influenza A(H5N1) and human influenza viruses. NAIS detected 25 H5N1 and 2074 human influenza cases; 17 (68%) and 22 (1%) were fatal, respectively. We collected detailed information from medical records on all H5N1 cases, all fatal human influenza cases, and a sampled subset of 230 hospitalized non-fatal human influenza cases drawn from provinces with >= 1 H5N1 case or human influenza fatality. Fatal versus non-fatal H5N1 cases were more likely to present with low white blood cell (p = 0.05), lymphocyte (p < 0.02), and platelet counts (p < 0.01); have elevated liver enzymes (p = 0.05); and progress to circulatory (p < 0.001) and respiratory failure (p < 0.001). There were no differences in age, medical conditions, or antiviral treatment between fatal and non-fatal H5N1 cases. Compared to a sample of human influenza cases, all H5N1 cases had direct exposure to sick or dead birds (60% vs. 100%, p < 0.05). Fatal H5N1 and fatal human influenza cases were similar clinically except that fatal H5N1 cases more commonly: had fever (p < 0.001), vomiting (p < 0.01), low white blood cell counts (p < 0.01), received oseltamivir (71% vs. 23%, p < .001), but less often had >= 1 chronic medical conditions (p < 0.001). Conclusions: In the absence of diagnostic testing during an influenza A(H5N1) epizootic, a few epidemiologic, clinical, and laboratory findings might provide clues to help target H5N1 control efforts. Severe human influenza and H5N1 cases were clinically similar, and both would benefit from early antiviral treatment. C1 [Shinde, Vivek; Simmerman, James M.; Fry, Alicia M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Shinde, Vivek] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. [Hanshaoworakul, Wanna; Narueponjirakul, Ubolrat; Areechokechai, Darin; Ungchusak, Kumnuan] Thailand Minist Publ Hlth, Bur Epidemiol, Nonthaburi, Thailand. [Sanasuttipun, Wiwan; Kaewchana, Suchada] Minist Publ Hlth, Thailand Minist Publ Hlth US Ctr Dis Control & Pr, Int Emerging Infect Program, Nonthaburi, Thailand. RP Shinde, V (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM vivekshinde2020@gmail.com NR 19 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 6 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD APR 29 PY 2011 VL 6 IS 4 AR e14809 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0014809 PG 9 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 756OZ UT WOS:000290024700001 PM 21559080 ER PT J AU Dhingra, SS Kroenke, K Zack, MM Strine, TW Balluz, LS AF Dhingra, Satvinder S. Kroenke, Kurt Zack, Matthew M. Strine, Tara W. Balluz, Lina S. TI PHQ-8 Days: a measurement option for DSM-5 Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) severity SO POPULATION HEALTH METRICS LA English DT Article ID FACTOR SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM; QUALITY-OF-LIFE; PREVALENCE; VALIDITY; RELIABILITY AB Background: Proposed draft diagnostic criteria for the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) suggest that dimensional assessments can supplement dichotomous diagnoses by incorporating measures of severity, frequency, and duration, providing the ability to monitor changes in symptoms over time and to guide appropriate treatment. Methods: This report is based on data from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System 2006 from 198,678 survey participants who responded to all eight Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-8) items. We evaluated use of the days version of the PHQ-8 to determine an optimal cut-point for identifying respondents with depression and to evaluate the performance characteristics of the PHQ-8 at this cut-point. Results: A PHQ-8 score of 55 or more days was determined to be the optimal cut-point when compared to the DSM-derived PHQ-8 algorithm for a major depressive episode (five or more symptoms present "more than half the days," at least one of which must be anhedonia or depression). In the full sample, the sensitivity and the specificity of this cut-point were 0.91 (0.90-0.93) and 0.99 (0.99-0.99), respectively. Conclusion: The days version of the PHQ-8 may be a valuable dimensional alternative to the traditional PHQ-8 by offering finer granularity of dimensionality (a score of 0 to 112). C1 [Dhingra, Satvinder S.] CDC Programs, Northrop Grumman Informat Syst, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Kroenke, Kurt] Indiana Univ, Ctr Excellence Implementing Evidence Based Practi, Roudebush VA Med Ctr, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA. [Kroenke, Kurt] Regenstrief Inst Hlth Care, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA. [Zack, Matthew M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Strine, Tara W.; Balluz, Lina S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Behav Surveillance, Publ Hlth Surveillance Off, Off Surveillance Epidemiol & Lab Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Dhingra, SS (reprint author), CDC Programs, Northrop Grumman Informat Syst, Univ Off Park,Harvard Bldg,3375 NW Expressway, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM SDhingra@cdc.gov NR 23 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 5 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1478-7954 J9 POPUL HEALTH METR JI Popul. Health Metr. PD APR 28 PY 2011 VL 9 AR 11 DI 10.1186/1478-7954-9-11 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 891KY UT WOS:000300217000001 PM 21527015 ER PT J AU Gilbert, ME McLanahan, ED Hedge, J Crofton, KM Fisher, JW Valentin-Blasini, L Blount, BC AF Gilbert, M. E. McLanahan, E. D. Hedge, J. Crofton, K. M. Fisher, J. W. Valentin-Blasini, L. Blount, B. C. TI Marginal iodide deficiency and thyroid function: Dose-response analysis for quantitative pharmacokinetic modeling SO TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Thyroid; Iodine; Hypothyroidism; Biologically based dose-response modeling; Hypothyroidism; Brain development ID MICROSOMAL-ENZYME INDUCERS; TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY; ION CHROMATOGRAPHY; DIETARY IODIDE; UNITED-STATES; ADULT-RAT; PERCHLORATE; HORMONE; TISSUE; INHIBITION AB Severe iodine deficiency (ID) results in adverse health outcomes and remains a benchmark for understanding the effects of developmental hypothyroidism. The implications of marginal ID, however, remain less well known. The current study examined the relationship between graded levels of ID in rats and serum thyroid hormones, thyroid iodine content, and urinary iodide excretion. The goals of this study were to provide parametric and dose-response information for development of a quantitative model of the thyroid axis. Female Long Evans rats were fed casein-based diets containing varying iodine (I) concentrations for 8 weeks. Diets were created by adding 975, 200, 125, 25. or 0 mu g/kg I to the base diet (similar to 25 mu g I/kg chow) to produce 5 nominal I levels, ranging from excess (basal + added I, Treatment 1: 1000 mu g I/kg chow) to deficient (Treatment 5: 25 mu g I/kg chow). Food intake and body weight were monitored throughout and on 2 consecutive days each week over the 8-week exposure period, animals were placed in metabolism cages to capture urine. Food, water intake, and body weight gain did not differ among treatment groups. Serum T4 was dose-dependently reduced relative to Treatment 1 with significant declines (19 and 48%) at the two lowest I groups, and no significant changes in serum T3 or TSH were detected. Increases in thyroid weight and decreases in thyroidal and urinary iodide content were observed as a function of decreasing I in the diet. Data were compared with predictions from a recently published biologically based dose-response (BBDR) model for ID. Relative to model predictions, female Long Evans rats under the conditions of this study appeared more resilient to low I intake. These results challenge existing models and provide essential information for development of quantitative BBDR models for ID during pregnancy and lactation. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd. C1 [Gilbert, M. E.] US EPA, Tox Assessment Div MD B105 05, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [McLanahan, E. D.] US EPA, Natl Ctr Environm Assessment, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Hedge, J.; Crofton, K. M.] US EPA, Integrated Syst Biol Div, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. [Fisher, J. W.] US FDA, Natl Ctr Toxicol Res, Jefferson, AR 72079 USA. [Valentin-Blasini, L.; Blount, B. C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Gilbert, ME (reprint author), US EPA, Tox Assessment Div MD B105 05, Natl Hlth & Environm Effects Res Lab, 109 TW Alexander Dr, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27711 USA. EM gilbert.mary@epa.gov RI Crofton, Kevin/J-4798-2015 OI Crofton, Kevin/0000-0003-1749-9971 NR 40 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 3 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0300-483X J9 TOXICOLOGY JI Toxicology PD APR 28 PY 2011 VL 283 IS 1 BP 41 EP 48 DI 10.1016/j.tox.2011.02.001 PG 8 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 756ZJ UT WOS:000290053000006 PM 21315791 ER PT J AU Oria, PA Matini, W Nelligan, I Emukule, G Scherzer, M Oyier, B Ochieng, HN Hooper, L Kanyuga, A Muthoka, P Morales, KF Nzioka, C Breiman, RF Katz, MA AF Oria, Prisca A. Matini, Wycliffe Nelligan, Ian Emukule, Gideon Scherzer, Martha Oyier, Beryl Ochieng, Hezron N. Hooper, Laura Kanyuga, Anne Muthoka, Phillip Morales, Kathleen F. Nzioka, Charles Breiman, Robert F. Katz, Mark A. TI Are Kenyan healthcare workers willing to receive the pandemic influenza vaccine? Results from a cross-sectional survey of healthcare workers in Kenya about knowledge, attitudes and practices concerning infection with and vaccination against 2009 pandemic influenza A (H1N1), 2010 SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Influenza; Vaccination; Healthcare workers; Pandemic; Survey ID NOSOCOMIAL INFLUENZA AB Over 1200 cases of 2009 pandemic influenza A H1N1 (pH1N1) have been identified in Kenya since the first case in June 2009. In April 2010 the Kenyan government launched a program to immunize high-risk groups and healthcare workers (HCWs) with pH1N1 vaccines donated by the World Health Organization. To characterize HCWs' knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding pH1N1 vaccination, we conducted a quantitative and qualitative survey in 20 healthcare facilities across Kenya between January 11 and 26, 2010. Of 659 HCWs interviewed, 55% thought there was a vaccine against pH1N1, and 89% indicated that they would receive pH1N1 vaccine if it became available. In focus group discussions, many HCWs said that pH1N1 virus infection did not cause severe disease in Kenyans and questioned the need for vaccination. However, most were willing to accept vaccination if they had adequate information on safety and efficacy. In order for the influenza vaccination campaign to be successful, HCWs must understand that pH1N1 can cause severe disease in Kenyans, that pH1N1 vaccination can prevent HCWs from transmitting influenza to their patients, and that the vaccine has been widely used globally with few recognized adverse events. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Oria, Prisca A.; Nelligan, Ian; Emukule, Gideon; Oyier, Beryl; Ochieng, Hezron N.; Hooper, Laura; Morales, Kathleen F.; Breiman, Robert F.; Katz, Mark A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent Kenya KEMRI CDC Kenya, Kenya Med Res Inst, Nairobi, Kenya. [Scherzer, Martha; Katz, Mark A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Oria, PA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent Kenya KEMRI CDC Kenya, Kenya Med Res Inst, Nairobi, Kenya. EM poria@ke.cdc.gov FU CDC-Kenya FX The authors wish to thank Rosalia Kalani, Abdirizack Mohamed, and Joseph Njau from the Ministry of Public Health and Sanitation for participating in data collection. We also thank all the 20 facility administrators who arranged for the data collection sessions and all the respondents who participated in this study. We also acknowledge CDC-Kenya for funding this study. NR 43 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD APR 27 PY 2011 VL 29 IS 19 BP 3617 EP 3622 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.01.063 PG 6 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 770FM UT WOS:000291072400014 PM 21296117 ER PT J AU Eko, FO Ekong, E He, Q Black, CM Igietseme, JU AF Eko, F. O. Ekong, E. He, Q. Black, C. M. Igietseme, J. U. TI Induction of immune memory by a multisubunit chlamydial vaccine (vol 29, pg 1472, 2011) SO VACCINE LA English DT Correction C1 [Eko, F. O.] Morehouse Sch Med, Dept Microbiol Immunol & Biochem, Atlanta, GA 30310 USA. [Black, C. M.; Igietseme, J. U.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Eko, FO (reprint author), Morehouse Sch Med, Dept Microbiol Immunol & Biochem, 720 W View Dr SW, Atlanta, GA 30310 USA. EM feko@msm.edu NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD APR 27 PY 2011 VL 29 IS 19 BP 3623 EP 3624 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.02.076 PG 2 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 770FM UT WOS:000291072400015 ER PT J AU Ortiz, JR Zhou, H Shay, DK Neuzil, KM Fowlkes, AL Goss, CH AF Ortiz, Justin R. Zhou, Hong Shay, David K. Neuzil, Kathleen M. Fowlkes, Ashley L. Goss, Christopher H. TI Monitoring Influenza Activity in the United States: A Comparison of Traditional Surveillance Systems with Google Flu Trends SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID RESPIRATORY SYNCYTIAL VIRUS; PANDEMIC INFLUENZA; YOUNG-CHILDREN; ILLNESS; MORTALITY; DISEASE; DEATHS AB Background: Google Flu Trends was developed to estimate US influenza-like illness (ILI) rates from internet searches; however ILI does not necessarily correlate with actual influenza virus infections. Methods and Findings: Influenza activity data from 2003-04 through 2007-08 were obtained from three US surveillance systems: Google Flu Trends, CDC Outpatient ILI Surveillance Network (CDC ILI Surveillance), and US Influenza Virologic Surveillance System (CDC Virus Surveillance). Pearson's correlation coefficients with 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were calculated to compare surveillance data. An analysis was performed to investigate outlier observations and determine the extent to which they affected the correlations between surveillance data. Pearson's correlation coefficient describing Google Flu Trends and CDC Virus Surveillance over the study period was 0.72 (95% CI: 0.64, 0.79). The correlation between CDC ILI Surveillance and CDC Virus Surveillance over the same period was 0.85 (95% CI: 0.81, 0.89). Most of the outlier observations in both comparisons were from the 2003-04 influenza season. Exclusion of the outlier observations did not substantially improve the correlation between Google Flu Trends and CDC Virus Surveillance (0.82; 95% CI: 0.76, 0.87) or CDC ILI Surveillance and CDC Virus Surveillance (0.86; 95% CI: 0.82, 0.90). Conclusions: This analysis demonstrates that while Google Flu Trends is highly correlated with rates of ILI, it has a lower correlation with surveillance for laboratory-confirmed influenza. Most of the outlier observations occurred during the 200304 influenza season that was characterized by early and intense influenza activity, which potentially altered health care seeking behavior, physician testing practices, and internet search behavior. C1 [Ortiz, Justin R.; Goss, Christopher H.] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Zhou, Hong; Shay, David K.; Fowlkes, Ashley L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Zhou, Hong] Atlanta Res & Educ Fdn, Atlanta, GA USA. [Neuzil, Kathleen M.] PATH, Seattle, WA USA. RP Ortiz, JR (reprint author), Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. EM jrortiz@u.washington.edu RI Alkhalawi, Mohammed/C-6111-2012; OI Shay, David/0000-0001-9619-4820 FU NHLBI [HL007287]; Robert Wood Johnson Harold Amos Medical Faculty Development Program [67423]; Cystic Fibrosis Foundation [GOSS00L0] FX This research was supported in part by NHLBI Respiratory Research Training Grant [HL007287] and Robert Wood Johnson Harold Amos Medical Faculty Development Program [Grant 67423] (Dr. Ortiz); and Cystic Fibrosis Foundation [GOSS00L0] (Dr. Goss). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. No additional external funding was received for this study. The authors were personally salaried by their institutions during the period of writing (though no specific salary was set aside or given for the writing of this paper). NR 21 TC 51 Z9 54 U1 1 U2 19 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD APR 27 PY 2011 VL 6 IS 4 AR e18687 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0018687 PG 9 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 756NO UT WOS:000290019400007 PM 21556151 ER PT J AU Bernard, MA Eavey, J Gortakowski, HW Sabharwal, C Shepard, C Torian, L McMurdo, L Smith, LC Valente, K Brooks, JT Heneine, WM Joyce, MP Owen, SM Shankar, A Switzer, W Farnon, E Kuehnert, M Seem, D Al-Samarrai, T Gounder, P Kwan, CK AF Bernard, M. A. Eavey, J. Gortakowski, H. W. Sabharwal, C. Shepard, C. Torian, L. McMurdo, L. Smith, L. C. Valente, K. Brooks, J. T. Heneine, W. M. Joyce, M. P. Owen, S. M. Shankar, A. Switzer, W. Farnon, E. Kuehnert, M. Seem, D. Al-Samarrai, T. Gounder, P. Kwan, C. K. TI HIV Transmitted From a Living Organ Donor-New York City, 2009 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 60, pg 297-301, 2011) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint C1 [Bernard, M. A.; Eavey, J.; Gortakowski, H. W.; Sabharwal, C.; Shepard, C.; Torian, L.] New York City Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, New York, NY USA. [McMurdo, L.; Smith, L. C.; Valente, K.] New York State Dept Hlth, Albany, NY 12237 USA. [Al-Samarrai, T.; Gounder, P.; Kwan, C. K.] CDC, EIS, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Bernard, MA (reprint author), New York City Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, New York, NY USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD APR 27 PY 2011 VL 305 IS 16 BP 1647 EP 1649 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 754XG UT WOS:000289890500009 ER PT J AU George, MG Tong, X Yoon, PW AF George, M. G. Tong, X. Yoon, P. W. TI Use of a Registry to Improve Acute Stroke Care-Seven States, 2005-2009 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 201, pg 206-210, 2011) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint C1 [George, M. G.; Tong, X.; Yoon, P. W.] CDC, Div Heart Dis & Stroke Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP George, MG (reprint author), CDC, Div Heart Dis & Stroke Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD APR 27 PY 2011 VL 305 IS 16 BP 1649 EP 1653 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 754XG UT WOS:000289890500010 ER PT J AU Kersh, EN Adams, DR Youngpairoj, AS Luo, W Zheng, Q Cong, ME Aung, W Mitchell, J Otten, R Hendry, RM Heneine, W McNicholl, J Garcia-Lerma, JG AF Kersh, Ellen N. Adams, Debra R. Youngpairoj, Ae S. Luo, Wei Zheng, Qi Cong, Mian-er Aung, Wutyi Mitchell, James Otten, Ron Hendry, R. Michael Heneine, Walid McNicholl, Janet Garcia-Lerma, J. Gerardo TI T Cell Chemo-Vaccination Effects after Repeated Mucosal SHIV Exposures and Oral Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; RHESUS MACAQUES; INFECTION; RESPONSES; TRANSMISSION; HIV; PREVENTION; PROTECTION; TENOFOVIR; MEMORY AB Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) with anti-viral drugs is currently in clinical trials for the prevention of HIV infection. Induction of adaptive immune responses to virus exposures during anti-viral drug administration, i.e., a "chemo-vaccination'' effect, could contribute to PrEP efficacy. To study possible chemo-vaccination, we monitored humoral and cellular immune responses in nine rhesus macaques undergoing up to 14 weekly, low-dose SHIV(SF162P3) rectal exposures. Six macaques concurrently received PrEP with intermittent, oral Truvada; three were no-PrEP controls. PrEP protected 4 macaques from infection. Two of the four showed evidence of chemo-vaccination, because they developed anti-SHIV CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells; SHIV-specific antibodies were not detected. Control macaques showed no anti-SHIV immune responses before infection. Chemo-vaccination-induced T cell responses were robust (up to 3,940 SFU/10(6) PBMCs), predominantly central memory cells, short-lived (<= 22 weeks), and appeared intermittently and with changing specificities. The two chemo-vaccinated macaques were virus-challenged again after 28 weeks of rest, after T cell responses had waned. One macaque was not protected from infection. The other macaque concurrently received additional PrEP. It remained uninfected and T cell responses were boosted during the additional virus exposures. In summary, we document and characterize PrEP-induced T cell chemo-vaccination. Although not protective after subsiding in one macaque, chemo-vaccination-induced T cells warrant more comprehensive analysis during peak responses for their ability to prevent or to control infections after additional exposures. Our findings highlight the importance of monitoring these responses in clinical PrEP trials and suggest that a combination of vaccines and PrEP potentially might enhance efficacy. C1 [Kersh, Ellen N.; Adams, Debra R.; Youngpairoj, Ae S.; Luo, Wei; Zheng, Qi; Cong, Mian-er; Aung, Wutyi; Mitchell, James; Otten, Ron; Hendry, R. Michael; Heneine, Walid; McNicholl, Janet; Garcia-Lerma, J. Gerardo] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Kersh, EN (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM egk6@cdc.gov FU CDC FX CDC intramural funding enabled this work. The authors are employed by CDC and were responsible for study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, and preparation of the manuscript. NR 35 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 1 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD APR 26 PY 2011 VL 6 IS 4 AR e19295 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0019295 PG 11 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 756NE UT WOS:000290018400043 PM 21541293 ER PT J AU Ford, ES AF Ford, Earl S. TI Trends in Mortality From All Causes and Cardiovascular Disease Among Hypertensive and Nonhypertensive Adults in the United States SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Article DE cardiovascular diseases; cohort studies; hypertension; mortality; trends ID HIGH BLOOD-PRESSURE; ALL-CAUSE MORTALITY; STROKE MORTALITY; POPULATION; AWARENESS; HEALTH; RISK; PREVALENCE; PROGRAM AB Background-Little is known about trends in the mortality rate among people with hypertension in the United States. The objective of the present study was to examine the change in the all-cause mortality rate among people with and without hypertension in the United States and whether any such changes differed by sex or race. Methods and Results-Data from 10 852 participants aged 25 to 74 years of the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) I Epidemiological Follow-Up Study (1971 to 1975) and of 12 420 participants of the NHANES III Linked Mortality Study (1988 to 1994) were used. The mean follow-up times were 17.5 and 14.2 years, respectively. In each cohort, the mortality rate was higher among hypertensive adults than nonhypertensive adults, among hypertensive men than hypertensive women, and among hypertensive blacks than hypertensive whites. Among all hypertensive participants, the age-adjusted mortality rate was 18.8 per 1000 person-years for NHANES I and 14.3 for NHANES III (13.3 and 9.1 per 1000 person-years for nonhypertensive participants, respectively). The reduction among hypertensive men (7.7 per 1000 person-years; 95% confidence interval, 5.2 to 10.2) exceeded that among hypertensive women (1.9 per 1000 person-years; 95% confidence interval, [-0.4 to 4.2]) (P<0.001), and the reduction among hypertensive blacks (5.4 per 1000 person-years; 95% confidence interval, [0.6 to 10.1]) exceeded that among hypertensive whites (4.4 per 1000 person-years; 95% confidence interval, [2.2 to 6.5]) (P=0.707). Conclusions-The mortality rate decreased among hypertensive adults, but the mortality gap between adults with and without hypertension remained relatively constant. Efforts are needed to accelerate the decrease in the mortality rate among hypertensive adults. (Circulation. 2011; 123: 1737-1744.) C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Ford, ES (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Hwy,MS K67, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM eford@cdc.gov NR 27 TC 40 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 11 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0009-7322 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD APR 26 PY 2011 VL 123 IS 16 BP 1737 EP 1744 DI 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.110.005645 PG 8 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 754DU UT WOS:000289833500010 PM 21518989 ER PT J AU Gust, DA Mosimaneotsile, B Mathebula, U Chingapane, B Gaul, Z Pals, SL Samandari, T AF Gust, Deborah A. Mosimaneotsile, Barudi Mathebula, Unami Chingapane, Balladiah Gaul, Zaneta Pals, Sherri L. Samandari, Taraz TI Risk Factors for Non-Adherence and Loss to Follow-Up in a Three-Year Clinical Trial in Botswana SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; TUBERCULOSIS PREVENTIVE THERAPY; HIV-INFECTION; COTE-DIVOIRE; ADHERENCE; ADULTS; MEDICATION AB Background: Participant non-adherence and loss to follow-up can compromise the validity of clinical trial results. An assessment of these issues was made in a 3-year tuberculosis prevention trial among HIV-infected adults in Botswana. Methods and Findings: Between 11/2004-07/2006, 1995 participants were enrolled at eight public health clinics. They returned monthly to receive bottles of medication and were expected to take daily tablets of isoniazid or placebo for three years. Non-adherence was defined as refusing tablet ingestion but agreeing to quarterly physical examinations. Loss to follow-up was defined as not having returned for appointments in >= 60 days. Between 10/2008-04/2009, survey interviews were conducted with 83 participants identified as lost to follow-up and 127 identified as non-adherent. As a comparison, 252 randomly selected adherent participants were also surveyed. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to identify associations with selected risk factors. Men had higher odds of being non-adherent (adjusted odds ratio (AOR), 2.24; 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 1.24-4.04) and lost to follow-up (AOR 3.08; 95% CI 1.50-6.33). Non-adherent participants had higher odds of reporting difficulties taking the regimen or not knowing if they had difficulties (AOR 3.40; 95% CI 1.75-6.60) and lower odds associated with each year of age (AOR 0.95; 95% CI 0.91-0.98), but other variables such as employment, distance from clinic, alcohol use, and understanding study requirements were not significantly different than controls. Among participants who were non-adherent or lost to follow-up, 40/210 (19.0%) reported that they stopped the medication because of work commitments and 33/210 (15.7%) said they thought they had completed the study. Conclusions: Men had higher odds of non-adherence and loss to follow-up than women. Potential interventions that might improve adherence in trial participants may include: targeting health education for men, reducing barriers, clarifying study expectations, educating employers about HIV/AIDS to help reduce stigma in the workplace, and encouraging employers to support employee health. C1 [Gust, Deborah A.; Gaul, Zaneta; Pals, Sherri L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Mosimaneotsile, Barudi; Mathebula, Unami; Chingapane, Balladiah; Samandari, Taraz] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Botswana USA Partnership, Gaborone, Botswana. [Mosimaneotsile, Barudi; Mathebula, Unami; Chingapane, Balladiah; Samandari, Taraz] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Botswana USA Partnership, Francistown, Botswana. [Samandari, Taraz] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Div TB Eliminat, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Gust, DA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM dgust@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America; U.S. Agency for International Development FX The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America (www.cdc.gov) and the U.S. Agency for International Development (www.usaid.gov). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 32 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 6 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD APR 25 PY 2011 VL 6 IS 4 AR e18435 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0018435 PG 9 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 756MU UT WOS:000290016800009 PM 21541021 ER PT J AU Butrapet, S Childers, T Moss, KJ Erb, SM Luy, BE Calvert, AE Blair, CD Roehrig, JT Huang, CYH AF Butrapet, Siritorn Childers, Thomas Moss, Kelley J. Erb, Steven M. Luy, Betty E. Calvert, Amanda E. Blair, Carol D. Roehrig, John T. Huang, Claire Y. -H. TI Amino acid changes within the E protein hinge region that affect dengue virus type 2 infectivity and fusion SO VIROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Dengue virus; Flavivirus; Hinge; Fusion; Envelope protein; Mutagenesis ID YELLOW-FEVER VIRUS; VALLEY ENCEPHALITIS-VIRUS; FLAVIVIRUS ENVELOPE GLYCOPROTEIN; FRENCH NEUROTROPIC VACCINE; ENDOCYTIC PATHWAY; MEMBRANE-FUSION; CELL-LINE; STRAIN; NEUROINVASIVENESS; NEUROVIRULENCE AB Fifteen mutant dengue viruses were engineered and used to identify AAs in the molecular hinge of the envelope protein that are critical to viral infection. Substitutions at Q52, A54, or E133 reduced infectivity in mammalian cells and altered the pH threshold of fusion. Mutations at F193, G266,1270, or G281 affected viral replication in mammalian and mosquito cells, but only I270W had reduced fusion activity. T280Y affected the pH threshold for fusion and reduced replication in C6/36 cells. Three different mutations at L135 were lethal in mammalian cells. Among them, L135G abrogated fusion and reduced replication in C6/36 cells, but only slightly reduced the mosquito infection rate. Conversely, L135W replicated well in C6/36 cells, but had the lowest mosquito infection rate. Possible interactions between hinge residues 52 and 277, or among 53, 135, 170, 186, 265, and 276 required for hinge function were discovered by sequence analysis to identify compensatory mutations. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Huang, Claire Y. -H.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Arbovirus Dis Branch, Div Vector Borne Dis, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Erb, Steven M.; Blair, Carol D.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Microbiol Immunol & Pathol, Arthropod Borne & Infect Dis Lab, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RP Huang, CYH (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Arbovirus Dis Branch, Div Vector Borne Dis, 3150 Rampart Rd, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM yxh0@cdc.gov OI Roehrig, John/0000-0001-7581-0479 FU Pediatric Dengue Vaccine Initiative (PDVI) [TR-159A]; CSU College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences Research Council FX We thank Mr. Rich Tsuchiya and Shawn Silengo for assistance in viral genome sequencing. We also thank Frank Cooney for his assistance in E epitope mapping. This study was supported by Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and grants from Pediatric Dengue Vaccine Initiative (PDVI TR-159A) and the CSU College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences Research Council. NR 40 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0042-6822 J9 VIROLOGY JI Virology PD APR 25 PY 2011 VL 413 IS 1 BP 118 EP 127 DI 10.1016/j.virol.2011.01.030 PG 10 WC Virology SC Virology GA 747QM UT WOS:000289334500013 PM 21353281 ER PT J AU Maines, TR Chen, LM Van Hoeven, N Tumpey, TM Blixt, O Belser, JA Gustin, KM Pearce, MB Pappas, C Stevens, J Cox, NJ Paulson, JC Raman, R Sasisekharan, R Katz, JM Donis, R AF Maines, Taronna R. Chen, Li-Mel Van Hoeven, Neal Tumpey, Terrence M. Blixt, Ola Belser, Jessica A. Gustin, Kortney M. Pearce, Melissa B. Pappas, Claudia Stevens, James Cox, Nancy J. Paulson, James C. Raman, Rahul Sasisekharan, Ram Katz, Jacqueline M. Donis, Ruben . TI Effect of receptor binding domain mutations on receptor binding and transmissibility of avian influenza H5N1 viruses SO VIROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Influenza virus; Transmission; Ferrets; H5N1 virus ID LOWER RESPIRATORY-TRACT; A VIRUSES; HUMAN AIRWAY; SPECIFICITY; HEMAGGLUTININ; ATTACHMENT; MAMMALS; FERRETS; MODEL; H2 AB Although H5N1 influenza viruses have been responsible for hundreds of human infections, these avian influenza viruses have not fully adapted to the human host. The lack of sustained transmission in humans may be due, in part, to their avian-like receptor preference. Here, we have introduced receptor binding domain mutations within the hemagglutinin (HA) gene of two H5N1 viruses and evaluated changes in receptor binding specificity by glycan microarray analysis. The impact of these mutations on replication efficiency was assessed in vitro and in vivo. Although certain mutations switched the receptor binding preference of the H5 HA, the rescued mutant viruses displayed reduced replication in vitro and delayed peak virus shedding in ferrets. An improvement in transmission efficiency was not observed with any of the mutants compared to the parental viruses, indicating that alternative molecular changes are required for H5N1 viruses to fully adapt to humans and to acquire pandemic capability. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Raman, Rahul; Sasisekharan, Ram] MIT, Dept Biol Engn, Koch Inst Integrat Canc Res, Harvard MIT Div Hlth Sci & Technol, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Maines, Taronna R.; Chen, Li-Mel; Van Hoeven, Neal; Tumpey, Terrence M.; Belser, Jessica A.; Gustin, Kortney M.; Pearce, Melissa B.; Pappas, Claudia; Stevens, James; Cox, Nancy J.; Katz, Jacqueline M.; Donis, Ruben .] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Blixt, Ola] Univ Copenhagen, Dept Cellular & Mol Med, Copenhagen Ctr Glyc, DK-2200 Copenhagen N, Denmark. [Paulson, James C.] Scripps Res Inst, Dept Physiol Chem, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. RP Sasisekharan, R (reprint author), MIT, Dept Biol Engn, Koch Inst Integrat Canc Res, Harvard MIT Div Hlth Sci & Technol, 15-561,77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. EM rams@mit.edu; jkatz@cdc.gov; rdonis@cdc.gov FU Singapore-Massachusetts Institute of Technology Alliance for Research and Technology (SMART); Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education FX The authors thank the CDC Animal Resources Branch for exceptional animal care. This work was supported in part by the Singapore-Massachusetts Institute of Technology Alliance for Research and Technology (SMART) (RS). K. Gustin is supported by Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education. The authors declare that they have no competing financial interests. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the funding agency. NR 30 TC 71 Z9 71 U1 0 U2 14 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0042-6822 J9 VIROLOGY JI Virology PD APR 25 PY 2011 VL 413 IS 1 BP 139 EP 147 DI 10.1016/j.virol.2011.02.015 PG 9 WC Virology SC Virology GA 747QM UT WOS:000289334500015 PM 21397290 ER PT J AU Fogel, J Hoover, DR Sun, J Mofenson, LM Fowler, MG Taylor, AW Kumwenda, N Taha, TE Eshleman, SH AF Fogel, Jessica Hoover, Donald R. Sun, Jin Mofenson, Lynne M. Fowler, Mary G. Taylor, Allan W. Kumwenda, Newton Taha, Taha E. Eshleman, Susan H. TI Analysis of nevirapine resistance in HIV-infected infants who received extended nevirapine or nevirapine/zidovudine prophylaxis SO AIDS LA English DT Article DE HIV; infants; Malawi; nevirapine; resistance ID SINGLE-DOSE NEVIRAPINE; ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; VERTICAL TRANSMISSION; UGANDAN INFANTS; NVP RESISTANCE; SUBTYPE-A; IN-UTERO; WOMEN; HIVNET-012; CHILDREN AB Background: In the Post Exposure Prophylaxis of Infants (PEPI)-Malawi trial, infants received up to 14 weeks of extended nevirapine (NVP) or extended NVP with zidovudine (NVP + ZDV) to prevent postnatal HIV transmission. We examined emergence and persistence of NVP resistance in HIV-infected infants who received these regimens prior to HIV diagnosis. Methods: Infant plasma samples collected at 14 weeks of age were tested using the ViroSeq HIV Genotyping System and a sensitive point mutation assay, LigAmp (for K103N and Y181C). Samples collected at 6 and 12 months of age were analyzed using LigAmp. Results: At 14 weeks of age, NVP resistance was detected in samples from 82 (75.9%) of 108 HIV-infected infants. Although the frequency of NVP resistance detected by ViroSeq was lower in the extended NVP + ZDV arm than in the extended NVP arm, the difference was not statistically significant (38/55 = 69.1% vs. 44/53 = 83.0%, P = 0.12). Similar results were obtained using LigAmp. Using LigAmp, the proportion of infants who still had detectable NVP resistance at 6 and 12 months was similar among infants in the two study arms (at 6 months: 17/20 = 85.0% for extended NVP vs. 21/26 = 80.8% for extended NVP + ZDV, P = 00; at 12 months: 9/16 = 56.3% for extended NVP vs. 10/13 = 76.9% for extended NVP + ZDV, P = 0.43). Conclusion: Infants exposed to extended NVP or extended NVP + ZDV had high rates of NVP resistance at 14 weeks of age, and resistant variants frequently persisted for 6-12 months. Frequency and persistence of NVP resistance did not differ significantly among infants who received extended NVP only vs. extended NVP + ZDV prophylaxis. (C) 2011 Wolters Kluwer Health vertical bar Lippincott Williams & Wilkins C1 [Fogel, Jessica; Fowler, Mary G.; Eshleman, Susan H.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pathol, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Hoover, Donald R.] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Stat & Biostat, Inst Hlth Healthcare Policy & Aging Res, Piscataway, NJ USA. [Sun, Jin; Kumwenda, Newton; Taha, Taha E.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Epidemiol, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Mofenson, Lynne M.] Eunice Kennedy Shriver Natl Inst Child Hlth & Hum, Maternal AIDS Branch, NIH, Rockville, MD USA. [Fowler, Mary G.; Taylor, Allan W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Epidemiol Branch, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Eshleman, SH (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pathol, Ross Bldg 646,720 Rutland Ave, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. EM seshlem@jhmi.edu OI Mofenson, Lynne/0000-0002-2818-9808 FU National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID); Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institutes of Child Health and Human Development (NICH/HD); National Institute on Drug Abuse; National Institute of Mental Health; Office of AIDS Research, of the NIH, DHHS [U01 AI068613]; International Maternal Pediatric and Adolescent AIDS Clinical Trials (IMPAACT) Network [U01 AI068633]; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [U50/CCU022061]; [R03 HD061299]; [R01 AI087139] FX This work was supported by R03 HD061299, R01 AI087139, the HIV Prevention Trials Network (HPTN) sponsored by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institutes of Child Health and Human Development (NICH/HD), National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institute of Mental Health, and Office of AIDS Research, of the NIH, DHHS (U01 AI068613), the International Maternal Pediatric and Adolescent AIDS Clinical Trials (IMPAACT) Network (U01 AI068633), and Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Cooperative Agreement U50/CCU022061. NR 22 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0269-9370 J9 AIDS JI Aids PD APR 24 PY 2011 VL 25 IS 7 BP 911 EP 917 DI 10.1097/QAD.0b013e328344fedc PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA 749IQ UT WOS:000289458900004 PM 21487249 ER PT J AU Pals, SL Wiegand, RE Murray, DM AF Pals, Sherri L. Wiegand, Ryan E. Murray, David M. TI Ignoring the group in group-level HIV/AIDS intervention trials: a review of reported design and analytic methods SO AIDS LA English DT Review DE group-randomized trials; individually randomized group treatment trials; review; statistical methods ID RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; HIV-PREVENTION INTERVENTION; SMART/EST WOMENS PROJECT; ANTIRETROVIRAL ADHERENCE INTERVENTION; RISK REDUCTION INTERVENTION; CHILDHOOD SEXUAL-ABUSE; INJECTION-DRUG USERS; CLINICAL-TRIALS; BISEXUAL MEN; BEHAVIORAL INTERVENTIONS AB Objectives: Studies evaluating the efficacy of HIV/AIDS interventions often involve the random assignment of groups of participants or the treatment of participants in groups. These studies require analytic methods that take within-group correlation into account. We reviewed published studies to determine the extent to which within-group correlation was dealt with properly. Design: We reviewed group-randomized trials (GRTs) and individually randomized group treatment (IRGT) trials published in HIV/AIDS and general public health journals 2005-2009. Methods: At least two of the authors reviewed each article, recording descriptive characteristics, sample size estimation methods, analytic methods, and judgments about whether the methods took intraclass correlation into account properly. Results: Of those articles including sufficient information to judge whether analytic methods were correct, only 24% used only appropriate methods for dealing with the intraclass correlation. The percentages differed substantially for GRTs (41.7%) and IRGT trials (8.0%). Most of the articles (69.2%) also made no mention of a priori sample size estimation. Conclusion: A majority of the articles in our review reported analyses ignoring the intraclass correlation. This practice may result in underestimated variance, inappropriately small P values, and incorrect conclusions about the effectiveness of interventions. Previous trials that were analyzed incorrectly need to be re-analyzed, and future trials should be designed and analyzed with appropriate methods. Also, journal reviewers and editors need to be aware of the special requirements for design and analysis of GRTs and IRGT trials and judge the quality of articles reporting on such trials according to appropriate standards. (C) 2011 Wolters Kluwer Health vertical bar Lippincott Williams & Wilkins C1 [Pals, Sherri L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Quantitat Sci & Data Management Branch, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Murray, David M.] Ohio State Univ, Coll Publ Hlth, Div Epidemiol, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. RP Pals, SL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Quantitat Sci & Data Management Branch, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM sfv3@cdc.gov NR 80 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 4 U2 16 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0269-9370 J9 AIDS JI Aids PD APR 24 PY 2011 VL 25 IS 7 BP 989 EP 996 DI 10.1097/QAD.0b013e3283467198 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA 749IQ UT WOS:000289458900012 PM 21487252 ER PT J AU Barniol, J Gaczkowski, R Barbato, EV da Cunha, RV Salgado, D Martinez, E Segarra, CS Sandoval, EBP Mishra, A Laksono, IS Lum, LCS Martinez, JG Nunez, A Balsameda, A Allende, I Ramirez, G Dimaano, E Thomacheck, K Akbar, NA Ooi, EE Villegas, E Hien, TT Farrar, J Horstick, O Kroeger, A Jaenisch, T AF Barniol, Judit Gaczkowski, Roger Vega Barbato, Eliana da Cunha, Rivaldo V. Salgado, Doris Martinez, Eric Soria Segarra, Carmita Pleites Sandoval, Ernesto B. Mishra, Ajay Laksono, Ida Safitri Lum, Lucy C. S. Martinez, Jose G. Nunez, Andrea Balsameda, Angel Allende, Ivan Ramirez, Gladys Dimaano, Efren Thomacheck, Kay Akbar, Naeema A. Ooi, Eng E. Villegas, Elci Hien, Tran T. Farrar, Jeremy Horstick, Olaf Kroeger, Axel Jaenisch, Thomas TI Usefulness and applicability of the revised dengue case classification by disease: multi-centre study in 18 countries SO BMC INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER; QUALITATIVE RESEARCH; CASE DEFINITIONS; SEVERITY; THAILAND AB Background: In view of the long term discussion on the appropriateness of the dengue classification into dengue fever (DF), dengue haemorrhagic fever (DHF) and dengue shock syndrome (DSS), the World Health Organization (WHO) has outlined in its new global dengue guidelines a revised classification into levels of severity: dengue fever with an intermediary group of "dengue fever with warning sings", and severe dengue. The objective of this paper was to compare the two classification systems regarding applicability in clinical practice and surveillance, as well as user-friendliness and acceptance by health staff. Methods: A mix of quantitative (prospective and retrospective review of medical charts by expert reviewers, formal staff interviews), semi-quantitative (open questions in staff interviews) and qualitative methods (focus group discussions) were used in 18 countries. Quality control of data collected was undertaken by external monitors. Results: The applicability of the DF/DHF/DSS classification was limited, even when strict DHF criteria were not applied (13.7% of dengue cases could not be classified using the DF/DHF/DSS classification by experienced reviewers, compared to only 1.6% with the revised classification). The fact that some severe dengue cases could not be classified in the DF/DHF/DSS system was of particular concern. Both acceptance and perceived user-friendliness of the revised system were high, particularly in relation to triage and case management. The applicability of the revised classification to retrospective data sets (of importance for dengue surveillance) was also favourable. However, the need for training, dissemination and further research on the warning signs was highlighted. Conclusions: The revised dengue classification has a high potential for facilitating dengue case management and surveillance. C1 [Barniol, Judit; Gaczkowski, Roger; Jaenisch, Thomas] Univ Heidelberg Hosp, Sect Clin Trop Med, Dept Infect Dis, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany. [Vega Barbato, Eliana] Hosp Municipal Frances, Santa Cruz, Bolivia. [da Cunha, Rivaldo V.] Univ Fed Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Brazil. [Salgado, Doris] Univ Surcolombiana, Hosp Univ Neira, Neira, Colombia. [Martinez, Eric] Inst Med Trop Pedro Kouri, Havana, Cuba. [Soria Segarra, Carmita] Hosp Infecciol, Guayaquil, Ecuador. [Pleites Sandoval, Ernesto B.] Hosp Nacl Ninos Benjamin Bloom, San Salvador, El Salvador. [Mishra, Ajay] Sunderlal Mem Hosp, Delhi 110095, India. [Laksono, Ida Safitri] Gadjah Mada Univ, Fac Med, Dr Sardjito Hospital, Trop & Infect Dis Sub Div,Paediat Dept, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. [Lum, Lucy C. S.] Univ Malaya, Fac Med, Dept Paediat, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. [Martinez, Jose G.] Serv Salud Nuevo Leon, Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, Mexico. [Nunez, Andrea; Balsameda, Angel] Minist Salud, Ctr Nacl Diag & Referencia, Managua, Nicaragua. [Allende, Ivan] Direcc Gen Vigilancia Salud Estrategia Gest Integ, Asuncion, Paraguay. [Ramirez, Gladys] Minist Salud, Direcc Salud Lima Sur 2, Lima 4, Peru. [Dimaano, Efren] San Lazaro Hosp, Manila 1003, Philippines. [Thomacheck, Kay] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, San Juan, PR USA. [Akbar, Naeema A.] MOH, Prevent Affair Dept, Jeddah 21514, Saudi Arabia. [Ooi, Eng E.] Duke NUS Grad Med Sch, Singapore 169857, Singapore. [Villegas, Elci] Univ Los Andes, Nucleo Univ Rafael Rangel, Inst Expt Jose Torrealba, Trujillo, Venezuela. [Farrar, Jeremy] Univ Oxford, Clin Res Unit, Hosp Trop Dis, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. [Horstick, Olaf; Kroeger, Axel] WHO, Special Programme Res & Training Trop Dis, CH-1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland. [Kroeger, Axel] Univ Liverpool, Liverpool Sch Trop Med, Liverpool L3 5QA, Merseyside, England. RP Barniol, J (reprint author), Univ Heidelberg Hosp, Sect Clin Trop Med, Dept Infect Dis, Neuenheimer Feld 324, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany. EM judit.barniol@urz.uni-heidelberg.de RI Cunha, Rivaldo/I-7737-2014; OI Cunha, Rivaldo/0000-0002-6622-7043; Kroeger, Axel/0000-0001-8438-2904; Ooi, Eng Eong/0000-0002-0520-1544; Farrar, Jeremy/0000-0002-2700-623X FU Special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases (WHO/TDR); Welcome Trust; Oxford Clinical Unit in Vietnam; European Union [INCO-DEV 517708] FX The Special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases (WHO/TDR) has selected the participating countries through a competitive process and funded the study, together with the Welcome Trust, Oxford Clinical Unit in Vietnam. The study was also supported by the European Union 6th Framework Programme (INCO-DEV 517708), as part of the DENCO study. Other than the selection of some of the participating countries by TDR, none of these agencies played any role in the design or execution of the study. NR 16 TC 70 Z9 74 U1 0 U2 7 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2334 J9 BMC INFECT DIS JI BMC Infect. Dis. PD APR 21 PY 2011 VL 11 AR 106 DI 10.1186/1471-2334-11-106 PG 12 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 766PR UT WOS:000290798700001 PM 21510901 ER PT J AU Xu, CL Bai, T Iuliano, AD Wang, M Yang, L Wen, LY Zeng, YH Li, XD Chen, T Wang, W Hu, Y Yang, LM Li, Z Zou, SM Li, DX Wang, SW Feng, ZJ Zhang, YP Yu, HJ Yang, WZ Wang, Y Widdowson, MA Shu, YL AF Xu, Cuiling Bai, Tian Iuliano, A. Danielle Wang, Min Yang, Lei Wen, Leying Zeng, Yuhong Li, Xiaodan Chen, Tao Wang, Wei Hu, Ying Yang, Limei Li, Zi Zou, Shumei Li, Dexin Wang, Shiwen Feng, Zijian Zhang, Yanping Yu, Hongjie Yang, Weizhong Wang, Yu Widdowson, Marc-Alain Shu, Yuelong TI The Seroprevalence of Pandemic Influenza H1N1 (2009) Virus in China SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID A H1N1; ANTIBODIES; INFECTION; HUMANS AB Background: Mainland China experienced pandemic influenza H1N1 (2009) virus (pH1N1) with peak activity during November-December 2009. To understand the geographic extent, risk factors, and attack rate of pH1N1 infection in China we conducted a nationwide serological survey to determine the prevalence of antibodies to pH1N1. Methodology/Principal Findings: Stored serum samples (n = 2,379) collected during 2006-2008 were used to estimate baseline serum reactogenicity to pH1N1. In January 2010, we used a multistage-stratified random sampling method to select 50,111 subjects who met eligibility criteria and collected serum samples and administered a standardized questionnaire. Antibody response to pH1N1 was measured using haemagglutination inhibition (HI) assay and the weighted seroprevalence was calculated using the Taylor series linearization method. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to examine risk factors for pH1N1 seropositivity. Baseline seroprevalence of pH1N1 antibody (HI titer >= 40) was 1.2%. The weighted seroprevalence of pH1N1 among the Chinese population was 21.5%(vaccinated: 62.0%; unvaccinated: 17.1%). Among unvaccinated participants, those aged 6-15 years (32.9%) and 16-24 years (30.3%) had higher seroprevalence compared with participants aged 25-59 years (10.7%) and >= 60 years (9.9%, P < 0.0001). Children in kindergarten and students had higher odds of seropositivity than children in family care (OR: 1.36 and 2.05, respectively). We estimated that 207.7 million individuals (15.9%) experienced pH1N1 infection in China. Conclusions/Significance: The Chinese population had low pre-existing immunity to pH1N1 and experienced a relatively high attack rate in 2009 of this virus. We recommend routine control measures such as vaccination to reduce transmission and spread of seasonal and pandemic influenza viruses. C1 [Xu, Cuiling; Bai, Tian; Wang, Min; Yang, Lei; Wen, Leying; Zeng, Yuhong; Li, Xiaodan; Chen, Tao; Wang, Wei; Hu, Ying; Yang, Limei; Li, Zi; Zou, Shumei; Li, Dexin; Wang, Shiwen; Zhang, Yanping; Shu, Yuelong] Chinese Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Inst Viral Infect Dis Control & Prevent, State Key Lab Mol Virol & Genet Engn, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Iuliano, A. Danielle; Widdowson, Marc-Alain] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Xu, CL (reprint author), Chinese Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Inst Viral Infect Dis Control & Prevent, State Key Lab Mol Virol & Genet Engn, Beijing, Peoples R China. EM yshu@cnic.org.cn RI Chiang, Vincent, Ming-Hsien/D-4312-2016; OI Chiang, Vincent, Ming-Hsien/0000-0002-2029-7863; Widdowson, Marc-Alain/0000-0002-0682-6933 FU central government; NIH/NIAID [5-U54-AI-057157-08] FX This study was mainly supported by the financial allocation of the central government and partly supported by NIH/NIAID Grant 5-U54-AI-057157-08 (Epidemiology and Molecular Mechanism of Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza H5N1 and Pandemic Influenza H1N1). None of the sponsors participated in the design and conduct of the study, in the collection, analysis, and interpretation of the data, or in the preparation, review, or approval of the manuscript. NR 32 TC 23 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 6 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD APR 21 PY 2011 VL 6 IS 4 AR e17919 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0017919 PG 9 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 756ME UT WOS:000290014500001 PM 21533034 ER PT J AU Gillespie, C Kuklina, EV Briss, PA Blair, NA Hong, Y AF Gillespie, C. Kuklina, E. V. Briss, P. A. Blair, N. A. Hong, Y. TI Vital Signs: Prevalence, Treatment, and Control of Hypertension-United States, 1999-2002 and 2005-2008 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 60, pg 103-108, 2011) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint C1 [Gillespie, C.; Kuklina, E. V.; Briss, P. A.; Blair, N. A.; Hong, Y.] CDC, Div Heart Dis & Stroke Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Gillespie, C (reprint author), CDC, Div Heart Dis & Stroke Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 1 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 330 N WABASH AVE, STE 39300, CHICAGO, IL 60611-5885 USA SN 0098-7484 EI 1538-3598 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD APR 20 PY 2011 VL 305 IS 15 BP 1531 EP + PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 752HU UT WOS:000289683000011 ER PT J AU McKnight-Eily, LR Liu, Y Wheaton, AG Croft, JB Perry, GS Okoro, CA Strine, T AF McKnight-Eily, L. R. Liu, Y. Wheaton, A. G. Croft, J. B. Perry, G. S. Okoro, C. A. Strine, T. TI Unhealthy Sleep-Related Behaviors-12 States, 2009 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 60, pg 233-238, 2011) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint C1 [Okoro, C. A.; Strine, T.] CDC, Publ Hlth Surveillance Program Off, Off Surveillance Epidemiol & Lab Sci, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 330 N WABASH AVE, STE 39300, CHICAGO, IL 60611-5885 USA SN 0098-7484 EI 1538-3598 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD APR 20 PY 2011 VL 305 IS 15 BP 1528 EP 1530 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 752HU UT WOS:000289683000010 ER PT J AU Huang, SS Johnson, KM Ray, GT Wroe, P Lieu, TA Moore, MR Zell, ER Linder, JA Grijalva, CG Metlay, JP Finkelstein, JA AF Huang, Susan S. Johnson, Kristen M. Ray, G. Thomas Wroe, Peter Lieu, Tracy A. Moore, Matthew R. Zell, Elizabeth R. Linder, Jeffrey A. Grijalva, Carlos G. Metlay, Joshua P. Finkelstein, Jonathan A. TI Healthcare utilization and cost of pneumococcal disease in the United States SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Pneumococcus; Streptococcus pneumoniae; Economic analysis; Disease burden ID CONJUGATE VACCINE; POLYSACCHARIDE VACCINE; STREPTOCOCCUS-PNEUMONIAE; CHILDHOOD IMMUNIZATION; OTITIS-MEDIA; ADULTS; POPULATION; DIAGNOSIS; RECOMMENDATIONS; INFECTIONS AB Background: Streptococcus pneumoniae continues to cause a variety of common clinical syndromes, despite vaccination programs for both adults and children. The total U.S. burden of pneumococcal disease is unknown. Methods: We constructed a decision tree-based model to estimate U.S. healthcare utilization and costs of pneumococcal disease in 2004. Data were obtained from the 2004-2005 National (Hospital) Ambulatory Medical Care Surveys (outpatient visits, antibiotics) and the National Hospital Discharge Survey (hospitalization rates), and CDC surveillance data. Other assumptions regarding the incidence of each syndrome due to pneumococcus, expected health outcomes, and healthcare utilization were derived from literature and expert opinion. Healthcare and time costs used 2007 dollars. Results: We estimate that, in 2004, pneumococcal disease caused 4.0 million illness episodes, 22,000 deaths, 445,000 hospitalizations, 774,000 emergency department visits, 5.0 million outpatient visits, and 4.1 million outpatient antibiotic prescriptions. Direct medical costs totaled $3.5 billion. Pneumonia (866,000 cases) accounted for 22% of all cases and 72% of pneumococcal costs. In contrast, acute otitis media and sinusitis (1.5 million cases each) comprised 75% of cases but only 16% of direct medical costs. Patients >= 65 years old, accounted for most serious cases and the majority of direct medical costs ($1.8 billion in healthcare costs annually). In this age group, pneumonia caused 242,000 hospitalizations, 1.4 million hospital days, 194,000 emergency department visits, 374,000 outpatient visits, and 16,000 deaths. However, if work loss and productivity are considered, the cost of pneumococcal disease among younger working adults (18-< 50) nearly equaled those >= 65. Conclusions: Pneumococcal disease remains a substantial cause of morbidity and mortality even in the era of routine pediatric and adult vaccination. Continued efforts are warranted to reduce serious pneumococcal disease, especially adult pneumonia. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Huang, Susan S.] Univ Calif Irvine, Sch Med, Div Infect Dis, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. [Huang, Susan S.] Univ Calif Irvine, Sch Med, Hlth Policy Res Inst, Irvine, CA 92697 USA. [Huang, Susan S.; Johnson, Kristen M.; Wroe, Peter; Lieu, Tracy A.; Finkelstein, Jonathan A.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Populat Med, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Huang, Susan S.; Johnson, Kristen M.; Wroe, Peter; Lieu, Tracy A.; Finkelstein, Jonathan A.] Harvard Pilgrim Hlth Care Inst, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Ray, G. Thomas] Kaiser Permanente, Div Res, Oakland, CA 94612 USA. [Lieu, Tracy A.; Finkelstein, Jonathan A.] Childrens Hosp Boston, Div Gen Pediat, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Moore, Matthew R.; Zell, Elizabeth R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Linder, Jeffrey A.] Brigham & Womens Hosp, Div Gen Med & Primary Care, Dept Med, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Grijalva, Carlos G.] Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Dept Preventat Med, Nashville, TN 37212 USA. [Metlay, Joshua P.] Univ Penn, Sch Med, Div Gen Internal Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Huang, SS (reprint author), Univ Calif Irvine, Sch Med, Div Infect Dis, 101 City Dr S,City Tower,Suite 400, Zot Code 4081, Orange, CA 92868 USA. EM susan.huang@uci.edu FU CDC, Finkelstein [TS-1363]; Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality [K08 HS014563]; CDC [K01 CI000163]; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Finkelstein [TS-1363]; Wyeth; Pfizer FX This study was funded by a grant from the CDC (TS-1363, Finkelstein). The findings and conclusions in this paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the CDC. Dr. Linder was supported by a career development award from the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (K08 HS014563). Dr. Grijalva was supported by a CDC career development grant (K01 CI000163). Dr. Huang had full access to all of the data in the study and takes responsibility for the integrity of the data and the accuracy of the data analysis.; This study was funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) (TS-1363, Finkelstein).; Dr. Linder has received research grants from Pfizer to study electronic adverse drug event reporting and Roche to study use of anti-influenza medications. Dr. Grijalva has received consultant fees and research support from Wyeth. G. Thomas Ray has received research support from Wyeth. All other authors report no disclosures OF, SH, TL, JM, KM, MM, PW, EZ). NR 30 TC 93 Z9 94 U1 2 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD APR 18 PY 2011 VL 29 IS 18 BP 3398 EP 3412 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.02.088 PG 15 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 767WO UT WOS:000290889700005 PM 21397721 ER PT J AU Samandari, T Bishai, D Luteijn, M Mosimaneotsile, B Motsamai, O Postma, M Hubben, G AF Samandari, Taraz Bishai, David Luteijn, Michiel Mosimaneotsile, Barudi Motsamai, Oaitse Postma, Maarten Hubben, Gijs TI Costs and Consequences of Additional Chest X-Ray in a Tuberculosis Prevention Program in Botswana SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE tuberculosis; isoniazid preventive therapy; cost-effectiveness; human immunodeficiency virus; chest X-ray ID HIV-INFECTED ADULTS; HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; SOUTH-AFRICA; RESISTANT TUBERCULOSIS; RISK-FACTORS; GOLD MINERS; COHORT; UGANDA; ABNORMALITIES AB Rationale: Isoniazid preventive therapy is effective in reducing the risk of tuberculosis (TB) in persons living with HIV (PLWH); however, screening must exclude TB disease before initiating therapy. Symptom screening alone may be insufficient to exclude TB disease in PLWH because some PLWH with TB disease have no symptoms. The addition of chest radiography (CXR) may improve disease detection. Objectives: The objective of the present analysis was to compare the costs and effects of the addition of CXR to the symptom screening process against the costs and effects of symptom screening alone. Methods: Using data from Botswana, a decision analytic model was used to compare a "Symptomonly'' policy against a "Symptom+CXR'' policy. The outcomes of interest were cost, death, and isoniazid-and multidrug-resistant TB in a hypothetical cohort of 10,000 PLWH. Measurements and Main Results: The Symptom+CXR policy prevented 16 isoniazid-and 0.3 multidrug-resistant TB cases; however, because of attrition from the screening process, there were 98 excess cases of TB, 15 excess deaths, and an additional cost of U. S. $127,100. The Symptom+CXR policy reduced deaths only if attrition was close to zero; however, to eliminate attrition the cost would be U. S. $2.8 million per death averted. These findings did not change in best-and worst-case scenario analyses. Conclusions: In Botswana, a policy with symptom screening only preceding isoniazid-preventive therapy initiation prevents more TB and TB-related deaths, and uses fewer resources, than a policy that uses both CXR and symptom screening. C1 [Samandari, Taraz; Mosimaneotsile, Barudi] BOTUSA, Gaborone, Botswana. [Samandari, Taraz; Mosimaneotsile, Barudi] BOTUSA, Francistown, Botswana. [Samandari, Taraz] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, Atlanta, GA USA. [Bishai, David] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. [Luteijn, Michiel; Hubben, Gijs] Basecase Software, Berlin, Germany. [Postma, Maarten; Hubben, Gijs] Univ Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands. [Motsamai, Oaitse] Minist Hlth, Natl TB Program, Gaborone, Botswana. RP Samandari, T (reprint author), CDC, Div TB Eliminat, 1600 Clifton Rd,NE MS E10, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM tts0@cdc.gov OI Bishai, David/0000-0003-0714-9062 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (Atlanta, GA); BaseCase; Becton Dickson Co.; Sanofi; GlaxoSmithKline; Wyeth FX Supported by a grant from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (Atlanta, GA).; T.S. does not have a financial relationship with a commercial entity that has an interest in the subject of this manuscript. D. B. has received a consulting fee from BaseCase and Becton Dickson Co. M. L. does not have a financial relationship with a commercial entity that has an interest in the subject of this manuscript. B. M. does not have a financial relationship with a commercial entity that has an interest in the subject of this manuscript. O.M. does not have a financial relationship with a commercial entity that has an interest in the subject of this manuscript. M. P. has served on the advisory board for SHIRE, MAPI, GlaxoSmithKline, Sanofi, and other pharmaceutical companies and has received grants from Sanofi, GlaxoSmithKline, and Wyeth; and is part owner of HECTA Consultancy. G. H. does not have a financial relationship with a commercial entity that has an interest in the subject of this manuscript. NR 52 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 15 PU AMER THORACIC SOC PI NEW YORK PA 61 BROADWAY, FL 4, NEW YORK, NY 10006 USA SN 1073-449X J9 AM J RESP CRIT CARE JI Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. PD APR 15 PY 2011 VL 183 IS 8 BP 1103 EP 1111 DI 10.1164/rccm.201004-0620OC PG 9 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 755SB UT WOS:000289955600025 PM 21148723 ER PT J AU Mota, BEF Gallardo-Romero, N Trindade, G Keckler, MS Karem, K Carroll, D Campos, MA Vieira, LQ da Fonseca, FG Ferreira, PCP Bonjardim, CA Damon, IK Kroon, EG AF Mota, Bruno E. F. Gallardo-Romero, Nadia Trindade, Giliane Keckler, M. Shannon Karem, Kevin Carroll, Darin Campos, Marco A. Vieira, Leda Q. da Fonseca, Flavio G. Ferreira, Paulo C. P. Bonjardim, Claudio A. Damon, Inger K. Kroon, Erna G. TI Adverse Events Post Smallpox-Vaccination: Insights from Tail Scarification Infection in Mice with Vaccinia virus SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID CELL-DEFICIENT MICE; IMMUNE-RESPONSE; POXVIRUS INFECTION; PROGRESSIVE VACCINIA; ANTIBODY; REPLICATION; INHIBITION; PROTECTION; CLEARANCE; MONKEYPOX AB Adverse events upon smallpox vaccination with fully-replicative strains of Vaccinia virus (VACV) comprise an array of clinical manifestations that occur primarily in immunocompromised patients leading to significant host morbidity/mortality. The expansion of immune-suppressed populations and the possible release of Variola virus as a bioterrorist act have given rise to concerns over vaccination complications should more widespread vaccination be reinitiated. Our goal was to evaluate the components of the host immune system that are sufficient to prevent morbidity/mortality in a murine model of tail scarification, which mimics immunological and clinical features of smallpox vaccination in humans. Infection of C57BL/6 wild-type mice led to a strictly localized infection, with complete viral clearance by day 28 p.i. On the other hand, infection of T and B-cell deficient mice (Rag1(-/-)) produced a severe disease, with uncontrolled viral replication at the inoculation site and dissemination to internal organs. Infection of B-cell deficient animals (mu MT) produced no mortality. However, viral clearance in mMT animals was delayed compared to WT animals, with detectable viral titers in tail and internal organs late in infection. Treatment of Rag1(-/-) with rabbit hyperimmune anti-vaccinia serum had a subtle effect on the morbidity/mortality of this strain, but it was effective in reduce viral titers in ovaries. Finally, NUDE athymic mice showed a similar outcome of infection as Rag1(-/-), and passive transfer of WT T cells to Rag1(-/-) animals proved fully effective in preventing morbidity/mortality. These results strongly suggest that both T and B cells are important in the immune response to primary VACV infection in mice, and that T-cells are required to control the infection at the inoculation site and providing help for B-cells to produce antibodies, which help to prevent viral dissemination. These insights might prove helpful to better identify individuals with higher risk of complications after infection with poxvirus. C1 [Mota, Bruno E. F.; Trindade, Giliane; Ferreira, Paulo C. P.; Bonjardim, Claudio A.; Kroon, Erna G.] Univ Fed Minas Gerais, Dept Microbiol, Virus Lab, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. [Gallardo-Romero, Nadia; Keckler, M. Shannon; Karem, Kevin; Carroll, Darin; Damon, Inger K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Poxvirus Program, Atlanta, GA USA. [Campos, Marco A.] Fiocruz MS, Ctr Pesquisas Rene Rachou, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. [Vieira, Leda Q.] Univ Fed Minas Gerais, Dept Bioquim & Imunol, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. [da Fonseca, Flavio G.] Univ Fed Minas Gerais, Dept Microbiol, Lab Virol Comparada, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. RP Mota, BEF (reprint author), Univ Fed Minas Gerais, Dept Microbiol, Virus Lab, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. EM kroone@icb.ufmg.br RI Campos, Marco /C-4000-2013; Vieira, Leda/G-7487-2014; 3, INCT/H-4497-2013; Redoxoma, Inct/H-9962-2013; Bonjardim, Claudio/J-2601-2014; Vacinas, Inct/J-9431-2013 OI Campos, Marco /0000-0003-4683-0176; FU Brazilian Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Supply (MAPA); Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development; Brazilian Coordination for Improvement of Graduated Personnel; Foundation for Research Development of Minas Gerais; Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education; CDC FX This work was supported by funds from the Brazilian Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Supply (MAPA), Brazilian National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq-http://www.cnpq.br), Brazilian Coordination for Improvement of Graduated Personnel (CAPES-http://www.capes.gov.br), Foundation for Research Development of Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG-http://www.fapemig.br), the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education (ORISE-http://www.orise.orau.gov) and CDC intramural funds. GT, MAC, LQV, FGF, PCPF, CAB and EGK are CNPq fellows. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 42 TC 7 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 3 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD APR 15 PY 2011 VL 6 IS 4 AR e18924 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0018924 PG 12 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 750WK UT WOS:000289578600039 PM 21526210 ER PT J AU McGrath, SC Schieltz, DM McWilliams, LG Pirkle, JL Barr, JR AF McGrath, Sara C. Schieltz, David M. McWilliams, Lisa G. Pirkle, James L. Barr, John R. TI Detection and Quantification of Ricin in Beverages Using Isotope Dilution Tandem Mass Spectrometry SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; RIBOSOME-INACTIVATING PROTEINS; N-GLYCOSIDASE ACTIVITY; RNA IDENTITY ELEMENTS; A-CHAIN; FORENSIC IDENTIFICATION; EUKARYOTIC RIBOSOMES; BIOLOGICAL-ACTIVITY; ENZYMATIC-ACTIVITY; FOOD MATRICES AB The toxic plant protein ricin has gained notoriety due to wide availability and potential use as a bioterrorism agent, with particular concern for food supply contamination. We have developed a sensitive and selective mass spectrometry-based method to detect ricin in tap water, 2% milk, apple juice, and orange juice. Ricin added to beverage matrices was extracted using antibody-bound magnetic beads and digested with trypsin. Absolute quantification was performed using isotope dilution mass spectrometry with a linear ion trap operating in product-ion-monitoring mode The method allows for identification of ricin A chain and B chain and for distinction of ricin from ricin agglutinin within a single analytical run. Ricin-bound beads were also tested for deadenylase activity by induction with a synthetic ssDNA oligomer. Depurination of the substrate by ricin was confirmed by matrix assisted laser desorption ionization-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOFMS). This method was used successfully to extract ricin from each beverage matrix. The activity of recovered ricin was assessed, and quantification was achieved, with a limit of detection of 10 fmol/mL (0.64 ng/mL). C1 [McGrath, Sara C.; Schieltz, David M.; Pirkle, James L.; Barr, John R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [McWilliams, Lisa G.] Battelle Mem Inst, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Barr, JR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, 4770 Buford Highway, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM jbarr@cdc.gov OI McGrath, Sara/0000-0003-4773-4784 NR 49 TC 28 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 23 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-2700 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD APR 15 PY 2011 VL 83 IS 8 BP 2897 EP 2905 DI 10.1021/ac102571f PG 9 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 746DV UT WOS:000289223700011 PM 21428278 ER PT J AU Kato, K Basden, BJ Needham, LL Calafat, AM AF Kato, Kayoko Basden, Brian J. Needham, Larry L. Calafat, Antonia M. TI Improved selectivity for the analysis of maternal serum and cord serum for polyfluoroalkyl chemicals SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A LA English DT Article DE Polyfluoroalkyl chemicals; PFCs; On-line solid phase extraction; HPLC-MS/MS; Biomonitoring ID PERFLUOROOCTANE SULFONATE PFOS; NATIONAL BIRTH COHORT; PERFLUORINATED CHEMICALS; NHANES 1999-2000; BLOOD-SAMPLES; US POPULATION; FETAL-GROWTH; EXPOSURE; INFANTS; HEALTH AB Perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoic acid, two of the most widely studied polyfluoroalkyl chemicals (PFCs), can cross the placenta. Therefore, data on the exposure to PFCs of the very young are needed to evaluate the potential health effects associated with such exposure. Human serum, especially serum collected from pregnant women and cord serum, may contain endogenous components that can interfere in the separation by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) of PFOS and another PFC of interest, perfluorohexane sulfonic acid (PFHxS), from other serum biomolecules. The presence of such interferences may prevent the adequate quantification of PFOS and PFHxS in cord serum or serum collected from pregnant women, and potentially hinder the assessment of gestational exposure to these important PFCs using biomonitoring. We have modified our on-line solid phase extraction-HPLC-isotope dilution-tandem mass spectrometry analytical method for measuring PFCs in serum and developed an approach that allows for the elimination of these potential interferences without compromising analytical sensitivity and throughput. The combination of acetonitrile as the HPLC mobile phase organic solvent and a Betasil C8 HPLC column provided the best separation of PFOS and PFHxS from interferent peaks. In addition to eliminating these interferences, the acetonitrile method has a shorter runtime and is more sensitive for most PFCs (limits of detection were 0.1 ng/mL except for PFOS (0.2 ng/mL)) than our previous method that used methanol for the HPLC separation. The present method should improve the precise and selective analysis of maternal and cord serum for PFCs. (C) 2010 Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Kato, Kayoko; Basden, Brian J.; Needham, Larry L.; Calafat, Antonia M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Kato, K (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, 4770 Buford Hwy,Mailstop F53, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM kkato1@cdc.gov RI Needham, Larry/E-4930-2011 FU National Center for Environmental Health, Division of Laboratory Sciences; U.S. Department of Energy; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX This research was supported, in part, by an appointment (B.B.) to the Research Participation Program at the National Center for Environmental Health, Division of Laboratory Sciences, administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an interagency agreement between the U.S. Department of Energy and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 24 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 3 U2 20 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0021-9673 EI 1873-3778 J9 J CHROMATOGR A JI J. Chromatogr. A PD APR 15 PY 2011 VL 1218 IS 15 BP 2133 EP 2137 DI 10.1016/j.chroma.2010.10.051 PG 5 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 747PF UT WOS:000289331200026 PM 21084089 ER PT J AU Deutscher, M Schillie, S Gould, C Baumbach, J Mueller, M Avery, C Van Beneden, CA AF Deutscher, Meredith Schillie, Sarah Gould, Carolyn Baumbach, Joan Mueller, Mark Avery, Catherine Van Beneden, Chris A. TI Investigation of a Group A Streptococcal Outbreak among Residents of a Long-Term Acute Care Hospital SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID DISEASE; EPIDEMIOLOGY; INFECTIONS; FACILITY; CLUSTER; FAMILY AB Background. In January 2008, a long-term acute care hospital (LTACH) in New Mexico reported a cluster of severe group A Streptococcus (GAS) infections. Methods. We defined a case as illness in a patient in the LTACH from 1 October 2007 through 3 February 2008 from whom GAS was isolated from a usually sterile site or with illness consistent with GAS infection and GAS isolated from a nonsterile site. To identify carriers, we swabbed the oropharynx and skin lesions of patients and staff. We observed facility procedures to assess possible transmission routes and adherence to infection control practices. We also conducted a case-control study to identify risk factors for infection with use of asymptomatic patients who were noncarriers as control subjects. Results. We identified 11 case patients and 11 carriers (8 patients and 3 staff). No carriers became case patients. Significant risk factors for infection in univariate analysis included sharing a room with an infected or colonized patient (6 [55%] of 11 case patients vs 3 [8%] of 39 control subjects), undergoing wound debridement (64% vs 13%), and receiving negative pressure wound therapy (73% vs 33%). Having an infected or colonized roommate remained associated with case patients in multivariable analysis (odds ratio, 15.3; 95% confidence interval, 2.5-110.9). Suboptimal infection control practices were widespread. Conclusions. This large outbreak of GAS infection was the first reported in an LTACH, a setting that contains a highly susceptible patient population. Widespread infection control lapses likely allowed continued transmission. Similar to the situation in other care settings, appropriate infection control and case cohorting may help prevent and control outbreaks of GAS infection in LTACHs. C1 [Deutscher, Meredith; Van Beneden, Chris A.] Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Div Bacterial Dis, Resp Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Deutscher, Meredith; Schillie, Sarah] Off Workforce & Career Dev, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. [Schillie, Sarah; Gould, Carolyn] Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Centers Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. [Baumbach, Joan; Mueller, Mark; Avery, Catherine] New Mexico Dept Hlth, Albuquerque, NM USA. RP Van Beneden, CA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Resp Dis Branch, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mailstop C 23, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM cav7@cdc.gov FU Respiratory Diseases Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia; New Mexico Department of Health FX This work was supported by the Respiratory Diseases Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia and the New Mexico Department of Health. NR 18 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD APR 15 PY 2011 VL 52 IS 8 BP 988 EP 994 DI 10.1093/cid/cir084 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 747DI UT WOS:000289300100005 PM 21460311 ER PT J AU Donlan, RM AF Donlan, Rodney M. TI Biofilm Elimination on Intravascular Catheters: Important Considerations for the Infectious Disease Practitioner SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID ANTIBIOTIC-LOCK TECHNIQUE; BLOOD-STREAM INFECTIONS; STAPHYLOCOCCUS-EPIDERMIDIS; IN-VITRO; PSEUDOMONAS-AERUGINOSA; STREPTOCOCCUS-PNEUMONIAE; ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS; BACTERIAL BIOFILMS; CANDIDA-ALBICANS; PREVENTION AB The presence of biofilms on intravascular catheters and their role in catheter-related bloodstream infections is well accepted. The tolerance of catheter-associated biofilm organisms toward systemic antimicrobial treatments and the potential for development of antimicrobial resistance in the health care environment underscores the importance of alternative treatment strategies. Biofilms are microbial communities that exhibit unique characteristics that must be considered when evaluating the potential of biofilm prevention or control strategies. Because biofilm-associated infections do not respond consistently to therapeutically achievable concentrations of many antimicrobial agents, treatments that are more effective against slowly growing biofilm cells or combination treatments that can penetrate the biofilm matrix may be more effective. Alternative strategies that do not incorporate antimicrobial drugs have also been investigated. These approaches have the potential to prevent or eradicate biofilms on indwelling intravascular catheters and prevent or resolve catheter-related infections. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Donlan, RM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Mail Stop C16,1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM rld8@cdc.gov NR 85 TC 46 Z9 46 U1 0 U2 15 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD APR 15 PY 2011 VL 52 IS 8 BP 1038 EP 1045 DI 10.1093/cid/cir077 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 747DI UT WOS:000289300100015 PM 21460321 ER PT J AU Young, B Dao, CN Buchacz, K Baker, R Brooks, JT AF Young, Benjamin Dao, Christine N. Buchacz, Kate Baker, Rose Brooks, John T. CA Hiv Outpatient Study Hops Invest TI Increased Rates of Bone Fracture among HIV-Infected Persons in the HIV Outpatient Study (HOPS) Compared with the US General Population, 2000-2006 SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; MINERAL DENSITY; COHORT; PREVALENCE; OSTEOPENIA; RISK; MEN AB Background. Among persons with HIV infection, low bone mineral density is common and has raised concerns about increased risk of fracture. Methods. We analyzed data from the HIV Outpatient Study (HOPS), an open prospective cohort study of HIV-infected adults who were followed up at 10 US HIV clinics. We assessed rates of first fractures at any anatomic site during the period 2000-2008. We indirectly standardized the rates of fracture in the HOPS to the general population by age and sex, using data from outpatients in the National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey (NHAMCS-OPD). We examined factors associated with fractures using Cox proportional hazards modeling. Results. Among 5826 active HOPS patients whose data were analyzed (median baseline age, 40 years; male sex, 79%; white race, 52%; exposure to antiretroviral therapy, 73%), 233 patients had incident fractures (crude annual rates, 59.6-93.5 fractures per 10,000 persons). Age-standardized fracture rates increased from 2000 to 2002 (P=.01) and stabilized thereafter. Among persons aged 25-54 years, both fracture rates and relative proportion of fragility fractures were higher among HOPS patients than among patients in the NHAMCS-OPD. In addition to older age and substance abuse, nadir CD4+ cell count <200 cells/mm(3) (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 1.60; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.11-2.31), hepatitis C infection (aHR, 1.61; 95% CI, 1.13-2.29) and diabetes (aHR, 1.62; 95% CI, 1.00-2.64) were associated with incident fractures. Conclusions. Age-adjusted fracture rates among HOPS patients were higher than rates in the general US population during the period 2000-2006. Clinicians should regularly assess HIV-infected persons for fracture risk, especially those with low nadir CD4+ cell counts or other established risk factors for fracture. C1 [Young, Benjamin] Rocky Mt CARES DIDC, Denver, CO 80220 USA. [Dao, Christine N.; Buchacz, Kate; Brooks, John T.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Baker, Rose] Cerner, Vienna, VA USA. [Young, Benjamin] Hlth Connect Int, Amsterdam, Netherlands. RP Young, B (reprint author), Rocky Mt CARES DIDC, 4545 E Ninth Ave,Ste 120, Denver, CO 80220 USA. EM byoung@rockymountaincares.org FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [200-2006-18797]; Cerner; Gilead Sciences; Merck; GlaxoSmithKline FX The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (contract no. 200-2006-18797).; B.Y. has received recent research grants from Cerner, Gilead Sciences, Merck, and GlaxoSmithKline and is a member of advisory boards or Speaker's Bureaus for GlaxoSmithKline, Merck, and Viiv Healthcare. All other authors: no conflicts. NR 20 TC 117 Z9 117 U1 0 U2 5 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD APR 15 PY 2011 VL 52 IS 8 BP 1061 EP 1068 DI 10.1093/cid/ciq242 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 747DI UT WOS:000289300100020 PM 21398272 ER PT J AU Fogel, J Li, Q Taha, TE Hoover, DR Kumwenda, NI Mofenson, LM Kumwenda, JJ Fowler, MG Thigpen, MC Eshleman, SH AF Fogel, Jessica Li, Qing Taha, Taha E. Hoover, Donald R. Kumwenda, Newton I. Mofenson, Lynne M. Kumwenda, Johnstone J. Fowler, Mary Glenn Thigpen, Michael C. Eshleman, Susan H. TI Initiation of Antiretroviral Treatment in Women After Delivery Can Induce Multiclass Drug Resistance in Breastfeeding HIV-Infected Infants SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID TO-CHILD TRANSMISSION; DAR-ES-SALAAM; EXTENDED ZIDOVUDINE; IN-UTERO; NEVIRAPINE; PROPHYLAXIS; PREVENTION; TANZANIA; BOTSWANA; THERAPY AB Background. The World Health Organization currently recommends initiation of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected lactating women with CD4+ cell counts <350 cells/mu L or stage 3 or 4 disease. We analyzed antiretroviral drug resistance in HIV-infected infants in the Post Exposure Prophylaxis of Infants trial whose mothers initiated HAART postpartum (with a regimen of nevirapine [NVP], stavudine, and lamivudine). Infants in the trial received single-dose NVP and a week of zidovudine (ZDV) at birth; some infants also received extended daily NVP prophylaxis, with or without extended ZDV prophylaxis. Methods. We analyzed drug resistance in plasma samples collected from all HIV-infected infants whose mothers started HAART in the first postpartum year. Resistance testing was performed using the first plasma sample collected within 6 months after maternal HAART initiation. Categorical variables were compared by exact or trend tests; continuous variables were compared using rank-sum tests. Results. Multiclass resistance (MCR) was detected in HIV from 11 (29.7%) of 37 infants. Infants were more likely to develop MCR infection if their mothers initiated HAART earlier in the postpartum period (by 14 weeks vs after 14 weeks and up to 6 months vs after 6 months, P = .0009), or if the mother was exclusively breastfeeding at the time of HAART initiation (exclusive breastfeeding vs mixed feeding vs no breastfeeding, P = .003). Conclusions. postpartum maternal HAART initiation was associated with acquisition of MCR in HIV-infected breastfeeding infants. The risk was higher among infants whose mothers initiated HAART closer to the time of delivery or were still exclusively breastfeeding when they first reported HAART use. C1 [Fogel, Jessica; Fowler, Mary Glenn; Eshleman, Susan H.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pathol, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Taha, Taha E.; Kumwenda, Newton I.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Li, Qing] NHGRI, NIH, Inherited Dis Res Branch, Baltimore, MD USA. [Mofenson, Lynne M.] Eunice Kennedy Shriver Natl Inst Child Hlth & Hum, NIH, Pediat Adolescent & Maternal AIDS Branch, Rockville, MD USA. [Hoover, Donald R.] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Stat & Biostat, Piscataway, NJ USA. [Hoover, Donald R.] Rutgers State Univ, Inst Hlth Hlth Care Policy & Aging Res, Piscataway, NJ USA. [Fowler, Mary Glenn; Thigpen, Michael C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidemiol Branch, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Kumwenda, Johnstone J.] Univ Malawi, Dept Med, Blantyre, Malawi. RP Eshleman, SH (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pathol, Ross Bldg 646,720 Rutland Ave, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. EM seshlem@jhmi.edu OI Mofenson, Lynne/0000-0002-2818-9808 FU National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID/NIH) [R01 HD050180]; Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institutes of Child Health and Human Development of the National Institutes of Health (NICHD/NIH) [R03 HD061299]; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [U50/CCU022061]; International Maternal Pediatric and Adolescent AIDS Clinical Trials (IMPAACT) Network [U01 AI068633]; NIAID; National Institute on Drug Abuse; National Institute of Mental Health; Office of AIDS Research of the NIH, DHHS [U01 AI068613]; National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH FX The National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID/NIH) (R01 HD050180), the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institutes of Child Health and Human Development of the National Institutes of Health (NICHD/NIH) (R03 HD061299), the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (Cooperative Agreement U50/CCU022061), the International Maternal Pediatric and Adolescent AIDS Clinical Trials (IMPAACT) Network (U01 AI068633), the HIV Prevention Trials Network (HPTN) sponsored by NIAID, the National Institute on Drug Abuse, the National Institute of Mental Health, and the Office of AIDS Research of the NIH, DHHS (U01 AI068613), and the Intramural Research Program of the National Human Genome Research Institute, NIH. NR 26 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD APR 15 PY 2011 VL 52 IS 8 BP 1069 EP 1076 DI 10.1093/cid/cir008 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 747DI UT WOS:000289300100021 PM 21460326 ER PT J AU Camargo, MC Anderson, WF King, JB Correa, P Thomas, CC Rosenberg, PS Eheman, CR Rabkin, CS AF Camargo, M. Constanza Anderson, William F. King, Jessica B. Correa, Pelayo Thomas, Cheryl C. Rosenberg, Philip S. Eheman, Christie R. Rabkin, Charles S. TI Divergent trends for gastric cancer incidence by anatomic subsite in US adults SO CANCER RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Camargo, M. Constanza; Anderson, William F.; Rosenberg, Philip S.; Rabkin, Charles S.] NCI, Rockville, MD USA. [King, Jessica B.; Thomas, Cheryl C.; Eheman, Christie R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Correa, Pelayo] Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. RI Camargo, M. Constanza/R-9891-2016 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI PHILADELPHIA PA 615 CHESTNUT ST, 17TH FLOOR, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-4404 USA SN 0008-5472 EI 1538-7445 J9 CANCER RES JI Cancer Res. PD APR 15 PY 2011 VL 71 SU 8 MA 1916 DI 10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-1916 PG 1 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA V43SP UT WOS:000209701405484 ER PT J AU Cherng, JM Tsai, KD Wei, JC Perng, DS Yu, AY Lin, JC AF Cherng, Jaw-Ming Tsai, Kuen-Daw Wei, James C. Perng, Daw-Shyong Yu, Alice Y. Lin, Jung-Chung TI Molecular mechanisms underlying chemopreventive activities of glycyrrhizic acid against UVB-induced carcinogenesis in SKH-1 hairless mouse epidermis SO CANCER RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Cherng, Jaw-Ming; Wei, James C.; Yu, Alice Y.] Chung Shan Med Univ, Taichung, Taiwan. [Tsai, Kuen-Daw] China Med Univ, Beigang Hosp, Taichung, Taiwan. [Perng, Daw-Shyong] E Da Hosp, Kaohsiung, Taiwan. [Lin, Jung-Chung] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI PHILADELPHIA PA 615 CHESTNUT ST, 17TH FLOOR, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-4404 USA SN 0008-5472 EI 1538-7445 J9 CANCER RES JI Cancer Res. PD APR 15 PY 2011 VL 71 SU 8 MA 2483 DI 10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-2483 PG 2 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA V43SO UT WOS:000209701302021 ER PT J AU Lu, YN Ma, HY Malone, KE Norman, SA Sullivan-Halley, J Strom, BL Marchbanks, PA Spirtas, R Burkman, RT Deapen, D Folger, SG Simon, MS Press, MF McDonald, JA Bernstein, L AF Lu, Yani Ma, Huiyan Malone, Kathleen E. Norman, Sandra A. Sullivan-Halley, Jane Strom, Brian L. Marchbanks, Polly A. Spirtas, Robert Burkman, Ronald T. Deapen, Dennis Folger, Suzanne G. Simon, Michael S. Press, Michael F. McDonald, Jill A. Bernstein, Leslie TI Obesity and mortality among black women and white women with invasive breast cancer SO CANCER RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Lu, Yani; Ma, Huiyan; Sullivan-Halley, Jane; Bernstein, Leslie] City Hope Natl Med Ctr, Duarte, CA USA. [Malone, Kathleen E.] Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. [Norman, Sandra A.; Strom, Brian L.] Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Marchbanks, Polly A.; Folger, Suzanne G.; McDonald, Jill A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Spirtas, Robert] NICHD, Bethesda, MD USA. [Burkman, Ronald T.] Tufts Univ, Sch Med, Springfield, MA 01199 USA. [Burkman, Ronald T.] Baystate Med Ctr, Springfield, MA USA. [Deapen, Dennis; Press, Michael F.] Univ So Calif, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Simon, Michael S.] Wayne State Univ, Detroit, MI USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI PHILADELPHIA PA 615 CHESTNUT ST, 17TH FLOOR, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-4404 USA SN 0008-5472 EI 1538-7445 J9 CANCER RES JI Cancer Res. PD APR 15 PY 2011 VL 71 SU 8 MA 3720 DI 10.1158/1538-7445.AM2011-3720 PG 1 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA V43SP UT WOS:000209701406086 ER PT J AU Donis, RO Cox, NJ AF Donis, Ruben O. Cox, Nancy J. TI Prospecting the Influenza Hemagglutinin to Develop Universal Vaccines SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Editorial Material ID VIRUS HEMAGGLUTININ; RECOGNITION; EPITOPE C1 [Donis, Ruben O.; Cox, Nancy J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Branch G16, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Cox, NJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Branch G16, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM njc1@cdc.gov NR 16 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD APR 15 PY 2011 VL 52 IS 8 BP 1010 EP 1012 DI 10.1093/cid/cir129 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 747DI UT WOS:000289300100009 PM 21460315 ER PT J AU Wiegand, RE AF Wiegand, Ryan E. TI Reply to comments on 'performance of using multiple stepwise algorithms for variable selection' SO STATISTICS IN MEDICINE LA English DT Letter ID LOGISTIC-REGRESSION ANALYSIS; SMALL DATA SETS; NOISE VARIABLES; SIMULATION; FREQUENCY; EVENTS; MODELS C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Wiegand, RE (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS E-48, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM fwk2@cdc.gov NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 6 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0277-6715 J9 STAT MED JI Stat. Med. PD APR 15 PY 2011 VL 30 IS 8 BP 894 EP 896 DI 10.1002/sim.4091 PG 4 WC Mathematical & Computational Biology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medical Informatics; Medicine, Research & Experimental; Statistics & Probability SC Mathematical & Computational Biology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medical Informatics; Research & Experimental Medicine; Mathematics GA 741JH UT WOS:000288859500011 ER PT J AU Geis, S Maboko, L Saathoff, E Hoffmann, O Geldmacher, C Mmbando, D Samky, E Michael, NL Birx, DL Robb, ML Hoelscher, M AF Geis, Steffen Maboko, Leonard Saathoff, Elmar Hoffmann, Oliver Geldmacher, Christof Mmbando, Donan Samky, Eleuter Michael, Nelson L. Birx, Deborah L. Robb, Merlin L. Hoelscher, Michael TI Risk Factors for HIV-1 Infection in a Longitudinal, Prospective Cohort of Adults From the Mbeya Region, Tanzania SO JAIDS-JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES LA English DT Article DE HIV-1; incidence; risk factors; cohort study; Tanzania; Africa ID ALCOHOL-USE; EDUCATIONAL-ATTAINMENT; MALE CIRCUMCISION; RURAL UGANDA; SOUTH-AFRICA; PREVALENCE; TRENDS; WOMEN; POPULATION; RAKAI AB Background: To control the global HIV epidemic, targeted interventions to reduce the incidence of HIV infections are urgently needed until an effective HIV vaccine is available. This study describes HIV-1 incidence and associated risk factors in a general population cohort of adults from Mbeya region, Tanzania, who participated in a vaccine preparedness study. Methods: We conducted a closed prospective cohort study with 6-monthly follow-up from 2002 to 2006 enrolling adults from the general population. HIV-1 incidence and risk factors for HIV-1 acquisition were analyzed using Cox regression. Results: We observed 2578 seronegative participants for a mean period of 3.06 person years (PY) (7471 PY in total). Overall HIV-1 incidence was 1.35 per 100 PY (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.10-1.64/100 PY). The highest overall HIV-1 incidence was found in females from Itende village (1.55 per 100 PY; 95% CI, 0.99-2.30/100 PY); the highest age-specific incidence was observed in semiurban males aged 30 to 34 years (2.75 per 100 PY; 95% CI, 0.75-7.04). HIV-1 acquisition was independently associated with female gender (hazard ratio [HR], 1.64; 95% CI, 1.05-2.57), younger age at enrollment (age 18-19 versus 35-39 years: HR, 0.29; 95% CI, 0.11-0.75), alcohol consumption (almost daily versus none: HR, 2.01; 95% CI, 1.00-4.07), education level (secondary school versus none: HR, 0.39; 95% CI, 0.17-0.89), and number of lifetime sex partners (more than five versus one: HR, 2.22; 95% CI, 1.13-4.36). Conclusions: A high incidence of HIV was observed in this cohort, and incident infection was strongly associated with young age, alcohol consumption, low school education level, and number of sex partners. Targeted interventions are needed to address the elevated risk associated with these factors. C1 [Geis, Steffen; Saathoff, Elmar; Hoffmann, Oliver; Geldmacher, Christof; Hoelscher, Michael] Univ Munich LMU, Div Infect Dis & Trop Med, Med Ctr, D-80802 Munich, Germany. [Geis, Steffen; Maboko, Leonard; Hoffmann, Oliver; Geldmacher, Christof; Hoelscher, Michael] NIMR Mbeya Med Res Programme, Mbeya, Tanzania. [Mmbando, Donan] Mbeya Reg Med Off, Mbeya, Tanzania. [Samky, Eleuter] Mbeya Referral Hosp, Mbeya, Tanzania. [Michael, Nelson L.] US Mil HIV Res Program MHPP, Rockville, MD USA. [Michael, Nelson L.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Rockville, MD USA. [Birx, Deborah L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global AIDS Program, Atlanta, GA USA. [Robb, Merlin L.] Henry M Jackson Fdn Adv Mil Med, Rockville, MD USA. RP Geis, S (reprint author), Univ Munich LMU, Div Infect Dis & Trop Med, Med Ctr, Leopoldstr 5, D-80802 Munich, Germany. EM steffen.geis@yahoo.de RI Hoelscher, Michael/D-3436-2012 FU Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine; US Department of Defense [DAMD17-98-2-7007]; National Institute for Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health [Y1-AI-2642-11] FX The CODE study was supported by a cooperative agreement between the Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine and the US Department of Defense under DAMD17-98-2-7007 and by the National Institute for Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health ("HIV Vaccine Research and Development-Project 2'' Y1-AI-2642-11). NR 36 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1525-4135 J9 JAIDS-J ACQ IMM DEF JI JAIDS PD APR 15 PY 2011 VL 56 IS 5 BP 453 EP 459 DI 10.1097/QAI.0b013e3182118fa3 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 733DP UT WOS:000288241800016 PM 21297483 ER PT J AU Huskins, WC Huckabee, CM O'Grady, NP Murray, P Kopetskie, H Zimmer, L Walker, ME Sinkowitz-Cochran, RL Jernigan, JA Samore, M Wallace, D Goldmann, DA AF Huskins, W. Charles Huckabee, Charmaine M. O'Grady, Naomi P. Murray, Patrick Kopetskie, Heather Zimmer, Louise Walker, Mary Ellen Sinkowitz-Cochran, Ronda L. Jernigan, John A. Samore, Matthew Wallace, Dennis Goldmann, Donald A. CA STAR ICU Trial Investigators TI Intervention to Reduce Transmission of Resistant Bacteria in Intensive Care SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID PREVENTING NOSOCOMIAL TRANSMISSION; STAPHYLOCOCCUS-AUREUS MRSA; ACTIVE SURVEILLANCE; NASAL CARRIAGE; GOWN-USE; ENTEROCOCCI; ACQUISITION; UNIT; IMPACT; CHLORHEXIDINE AB BACKGROUND Intensive care units (ICUs) are high-risk settings for the transmission of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant enterococcus (VRE). METHODS In a cluster-randomized trial, we evaluated the effect of surveillance for MRSA and VRE colonization and of the expanded use of barrier precautions (intervention) as compared with existing practice (control) on the incidence of MRSA or VRE colonization or infection in adult ICUs. Surveillance cultures were obtained from patients in all participating ICUs; the results were reported only to ICUs assigned to the intervention. In intervention ICUs, patients who were colonized or infected with MRSA or VRE were assigned to care with contact precautions; all the other patients were assigned to care with universal gloving until their discharge or until surveillance cultures obtained at admission were reported to be negative. RESULTS During a 6-month intervention period, there were 5434 admissions to 10 intervention ICUs, and 3705 admissions to 8 control ICUs. Patients who were colonized or infected with MRSA or VRE were assigned to barrier precautions more frequently in intervention ICUs than in control ICUs (a median of 92% of ICU days with either contact precautions or universal gloving [51% with contact precautions and 43% with universal gloving] in intervention ICUs vs. a median of 38% of ICU days with contact precautions in control ICUs, P<0.001). In intervention ICUs, health care providers used clean gloves, gowns, and hand hygiene less frequently than required for contacts with patients assigned to barrier precautions; when contact precautions were specified, gloves were used for a median of 82% of contacts, gowns for 77% of contacts, and hand hygiene after 69% of contacts, and when universal gloving was specified, gloves were used for a median of 72% of contacts and hand hygiene after 62% of contacts. The mean (+/- SE) ICU-level incidence of events of colonization or infection with MRSA or VRE per 1000 patient-days at risk, adjusted for baseline incidence, did not differ significantly between the intervention and control ICUs (40.4 +/- 3.3 and 35.6 +/- 3.7 in the two groups, respectively; P = 0.35). CONCLUSIONS The intervention was not effective in reducing the transmission of MRSA or VRE, although the use of barrier precautions by providers was less than what was required. C1 [Huskins, W. Charles] Mayo Clin, Div Pediat Infect Dis, Rochester, MN 55905 USA. [Huckabee, Charmaine M.; Kopetskie, Heather; Zimmer, Louise; Wallace, Dennis] Rho Fed Syst Div, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [O'Grady, Naomi P.; Murray, Patrick] NIH, Ctr Clin, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Walker, Mary Ellen] Univ Alabama, Birmingham, AL USA. [Sinkowitz-Cochran, Ronda L.; Jernigan, John A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Samore, Matthew] Univ Utah, Vet Affairs Salt Lake City Hlth Care Syst, Salt Lake City, UT USA. [Goldmann, Donald A.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA USA. [Goldmann, Donald A.] Inst Healthcare Improvement, Cambridge, MA USA. RP Huskins, WC (reprint author), Mayo Clin, Div Pediat Infect Dis, 200 1st Ave SW, Rochester, MN 55905 USA. EM huskins.charles@mayo.edu OI Huskins, W. Charles/0000-0002-9989-175X FU National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases [N01 AI-15440, N01 AI-15441]; National Center for Research Resources [M01-RR-00585, UL1-RR024150, M01-RR-00039]; General Clinical Research Center at Emory University; Merck; Elan Pharmaceuticals; Roche Diagnostics; Kimberly Clark; Medegen FX Supported by contracts (N01 AI-15440 and N01 AI-15441) from the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases to the Bacteriology and Mycology Study Group clinical research network and the Bacteriology and Mycology Statistical and Operations Unit data coordinating center; by institutional grants (M01-RR-00585, UL1-RR024150, and M01-RR-00039) from the National Center for Research Resources to the Mayo Clinic Center for Translational Science Activities and the General Clinical Research Center at Emory University; and by Merck, Elan Pharmaceuticals, Roche Diagnostics, and Kimberly Clark.; Dr. Huskins reports receiving consulting fees from Roche Diagnostics and serving on an advisory board for GlaxoSmithKline; and Dr. Goldmann, receiving consulting fees from Medegen and serving on an advisory board for BioNeutral Group. No other potential conflict of interest relevant to this article was reported. NR 39 TC 172 Z9 180 U1 1 U2 27 PU MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SOC PI WALTHAM PA WALTHAM WOODS CENTER, 860 WINTER ST,, WALTHAM, MA 02451-1413 USA SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD APR 14 PY 2011 VL 364 IS 15 BP 1407 EP 1418 PG 12 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 749LD UT WOS:000289467200005 PM 21488763 ER PT J AU Jain, R Kralovic, SM Evans, ME Ambrose, M Simbartl, LA Obrosky, DS Render, ML Freyberg, RW Jernigan, JA Muder, RR Miller, LJ Roselle, GA AF Jain, Rajiv Kralovic, Stephen M. Evans, Martin E. Ambrose, Meredith Simbartl, Loretta A. Obrosky, D. Scott Render, Marta L. Freyberg, Ron W. Jernigan, John A. Muder, Robert R. Miller, LaToya J. Roselle, Gary A. TI Veterans Affairs Initiative to Prevent Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Infections SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID INTENSIVE-CARE-UNIT; BLOOD-STREAM INFECTIONS; NOSOCOMIAL TRANSMISSION; COLONIZATION PRESSURE; HOSPITAL ADMISSION; RISK; MRSA; SURVEILLANCE; MULTICENTER; PRECAUTIONS AB BACKGROUND Health care-associated infections with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) have been an increasing concern in Veterans Affairs (VA) hospitals. METHODS A "MRSA bundle" was implemented in 2007 in acute care VA hospitals nationwide in an effort to decrease health care-associated infections with MRSA. The bundle consisted of universal nasal surveillance for MRSA, contact precautions for patients colonized or infected with MRSA, hand hygiene, and a change in the institutional culture whereby infection control would become the responsibility of everyone who had contact with patients. Each month, personnel at each facility entered into a central database aggregate data on adherence to surveillance practice, the prevalence of MRSA colonization or infection, and health care-associated transmissions of and infections with MRSA. We assessed the effect of the MRSA bundle on health care-associated MRSA infections. RESULTS From October 2007, when the bundle was fully implemented, through June 2010, there were 1,934,598 admissions to or transfers or discharges from intensive care units (ICUs) and non-ICUs (ICUs, 365,139; non-ICUs, 1,569,459) and 8,318,675 patient-days (ICUs, 1,312,840; and non-ICUs, 7,005,835). During this period, the percentage of patients who were screened at admission increased from 82% to 96%, and the percentage who were screened at transfer or discharge increased from 72% to 93%. The mean (+/- SD) prevalence of MRSA colonization or infection at the time of hospital admission was 13.6 +/- 3.7%. The rates of health care-associated MRSA infections in ICUs had not changed in the 2 years before October 2007 (P = 0.50 for trend) but declined with implementation of the bundle, from 1.64 infections per 1000 patient-days in October 2007 to 0.62 per 1000 patient-days in June 2010, a decrease of 62% (P<0.001 for trend). During this same period, the rates of health care-associated MRSA infections in non-ICUs fell from 0.47 per 1000 patient-days to 0.26 per 1000 patient-days, a decrease of 45% (P<0.001 for trend). CONCLUSIONS A program of universal surveillance, contact precautions, hand hygiene, and institutional culture change was associated with a decrease in health care-associated transmissions of and infections with MRSA in a large health care system. C1 [Jain, Rajiv; Evans, Martin E.; Ambrose, Meredith; Miller, LaToya J.] Vet Affairs Cent Off, Patient Care Serv, Vet Hlth Adm MRSA Program Off, Pittsburgh, PA USA. [Jain, Rajiv; Evans, Martin E.; Ambrose, Meredith; Miller, LaToya J.] VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Pittsburgh, PA USA. [Jain, Rajiv; Muder, Robert R.] VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Dept Internal Med, Pittsburgh, PA USA. [Jain, Rajiv; Muder, Robert R.] Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Pittsburgh, PA USA. [Obrosky, D. Scott] VA Pittsburgh Healthcare Syst, Ctr Hlth Equ Res & Promot, Pittsburgh, PA USA. [Kralovic, Stephen M.; Simbartl, Loretta A.; Roselle, Gary A.] VA Cent Off, Patient Care Serv, Natl Infect Dis Program Off, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Kralovic, Stephen M.; Simbartl, Loretta A.; Roselle, Gary A.] Cincinnati VA Med Ctr, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Kralovic, Stephen M.; Render, Marta L.; Roselle, Gary A.] Univ Cincinnati, Coll Med, Dept Internal Med, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Render, Marta L.; Freyberg, Ron W.] VA Inpatient Evaluat Ctr, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Evans, Martin E.] Univ Kentucky, Sch Med, Dept Internal Med, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. [Jernigan, John A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Prevent & Response Branch, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Evans, ME (reprint author), Lexington VAMC, VHA MDRO Program, 1101 Vet Dr,11I-CDD, Lexington, KY 40502 USA. EM martin.evans@va.gov NR 35 TC 238 Z9 252 U1 3 U2 20 PU MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SOC PI WALTHAM PA WALTHAM WOODS CENTER, 860 WINTER ST,, WALTHAM, MA 02451-1413 USA SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD APR 14 PY 2011 VL 364 IS 15 BP 1419 EP 1430 PG 12 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 749LD UT WOS:000289467200006 PM 21488764 ER PT J AU Blencowe, H Cousens, S Kamb, M Berman, S Lawn, JE AF Blencowe, Hannah Cousens, Simon Kamb, Mary Berman, Stuart Lawn, Joy E. TI Lives Saved Tool supplement detection and treatment of syphilis in pregnancy to reduce syphilis related stillbirths and neonatal mortality SO BMC PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Review ID RURAL SOUTH-AFRICA; SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA; TRANSMITTED-DISEASES CLINICS; PREVENT CONGENITAL-SYPHILIS; JARISCH-HERXHEIMER REACTION; ANTENATAL SYPHILIS; MATERNAL SYPHILIS; BENZATHINE PENICILLIN; DEMONSTRATION PROJECT; MISSED OPPORTUNITIES AB Background: Globally syphilis is an important yet preventable cause of stillbirth, neonatal mortality and morbidity. Objectives: This review sought to estimate the effect of detection and treatment of active syphilis in pregnancy with at least 2.4MU benzathine penicillin (or equivalent) on syphilis-related stillbirths and neonatal mortality. Methods: We conducted a systematic literature review of multiple databases to identify relevant studies. Data were abstracted into standardised tables and the quality of evidence was assessed using adapted GRADE criteria. Where appropriate, meta-analyses were undertaken. Results: Moderate quality evidence (3 studies) supports a reduction in the incidence of clinical congenital syphilis of 97% (95% c.i 93 - 98%) with detection and treatment of women with active syphilis in pregnancy with at least 2.4MU penicillin. The results of meta-analyses suggest that treatment with penicillin is associated with an 82% reduction in stillbirth (95% c.i. 67 - 90%) (8 studies), a 64% reduction in preterm delivery (95% c.i. 53 - 73%) (7 studies) and an 80% reduction in neonatal deaths (95% c.i. 68 - 87%) (5 studies). Although these effect estimates were large and remarkably consistent across studies, few of the studies adjusted for potential confounding factors and thus the overall quality of the evidence was considered low. However, given these large observed effects and a clear biological mechanism for effectiveness the GRADE recommendation is strong. Conclusion: Detection and appropriate, timely penicillin treatment is a highly effective intervention to reduce adverse syphilis-related pregnancy outcomes. More research is required to identify the most cost-effective strategies for achieving maximum coverage of screening for all pregnant women, and access to treatment if required. C1 [Blencowe, Hannah; Cousens, Simon] London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, London WC1, England. [Lawn, Joy E.] Saving Newborn Lives Save Children USA, Cape Town, South Africa. [Kamb, Mary; Berman, Stuart] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Blencowe, H (reprint author), London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, London WC1, England. EM hblencowe@gmail.com RI Blencowe, Hannah/K-7415-2012 FU Bill &Melinda Gates Foundation [43386, 50124] FX This work was supported in part by a grant to the US Fund for UNICEF from the Bill &Melinda Gates Foundation (grant 43386) to "Promote evidence-based decision making in designing maternal, neonatal and child health interventions in low- and middle-income countries", and by a grant to Save The Children USA from the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (Grant 50124) for "Saving Newborn Lives". NR 92 TC 49 Z9 57 U1 0 U2 14 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2458 J9 BMC PUBLIC HEALTH JI BMC Public Health PD APR 13 PY 2011 VL 11 SU 3 AR S9 DI 10.1186/1471-2458-11-S3-S9 PG 16 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 759XC UT WOS:000290281000010 PM 21501460 ER PT J AU Thwing, J Eisele, TP Steketee, RW AF Thwing, Julie Eisele, Thomas P. Steketee, Richard W. TI Protective efficacy of malaria case management for preventing malaria mortality in children: a systematic review for the Lives Saved Tool SO BMC PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Review ID PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM MALARIA; PLUS SULFADOXINE-PYRIMETHAMINE; ARTEMISININ COMBINATION THERAPIES; LIFE-THREATENING MALARIA; ARTEMETHER-LUMEFANTRINE; DIHYDROARTEMISININ-PIPERAQUINE; RANDOMIZED-TRIAL; UNCOMPLICATED MALARIA; RESISTANT FALCIPARUM; OPEN-LABEL AB Background: The Lives Saved Tool (LiST) model was developed to estimate the impact of the scale-up of child survival interventions on child mortality. New advances in antimalarials have improved their efficacy of treating uncomplicated and severe malaria. Artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs) for uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria and parenteral or rectal artemisinin or quinine for severe malaria syndromes have been shown to be very effective for the treatment of malaria in children. These interventions are now being considered for inclusion in the LiST model. However, for obvious ethical reasons, their protective efficacy (PE) compared to placebo is unknown and their impact on reducing malaria-attributable mortality has not been quantified. Methods: We performed systematic literature reviews of published studies in P. falciparum endemic settings to determine the protective efficacy (PE) of ACT treatment against malaria deaths among children with uncomplicated malaria, as well as the PE of effective case management including parenteral quinine against malaria deaths among all hospitalized children. As no randomized placebo-controlled trials of malaria treatment have been conducted, we used multiple data sources to ascertain estimates of PE, including a previously performed Delphi estimate for treatment of uncomplicated malaria. Results: Based on multiple data sources, we estimate the PE of ACT treatment of uncomplicated P. falciparum malaria on reducing malaria mortality in children 1-23 months to be 99% (range: 94-100%), and in children 24-59 months to be 97% (range: 86-99%). We estimate the PE of treatment of severe P. falciparum malaria with effective case management including intravenous quinine on reducing malaria mortality in children 1-59 months to be 82% (range: 63-94%) compared to no treatment. Conclusions: This systematic review quantifies the PE of ACT used for treating uncomplicated malaria and effective case management including parenteral quinine for treating severe P. falciparum malaria for preventing malaria mortality in children <5. These data will be used in the Lives Saved Tool (LiST) model for estimating the impact of scaling-up these interventions against malaria. However, in order to estimate the reduction in child mortality due to scale-up of these interventions, it is imperative to develop standardized indicators to measure population coverage of these interventions. C1 [Thwing, Julie] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Malaria Branch, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Eisele, Thomas P.] Tulane Univ, Sch Publ Hlth & Trop Med, Dept Int Hlth & Dev, New Orleans, LA USA. [Steketee, Richard W.] MACEPA, F-01210 Ferney Voltaire, France. RP Thwing, J (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Malaria Branch, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. EM jthwing@cdc.gov FU UNICEF US; PATH FX TPE was funded under a subagreement with UNICEF US Fund and with PATH. Dr. Laurence Slutsker, Dr. Patrick Kachur, and Dr. Roly Gosling are thanked for reviewing and commenting on the draft manuscript. NR 85 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 1 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2458 J9 BMC PUBLIC HEALTH JI BMC Public Health PD APR 13 PY 2011 VL 11 SU 3 AR S14 DI 10.1186/1471-2458-11-S3-S14 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 759XC UT WOS:000290281000014 PM 21501431 ER PT J AU Thwing, JI Perry, RT Townes, DA Diouf, MB Ndiaye, S Thior, M AF Thwing, Julie I. Perry, Robert T. Townes, David A. Diouf, Mame Birame Ndiaye, Salif Thior, Moussa TI Success of Senegal's first nationwide distribution of long-lasting insecticide-treated nets to children under five - contribution toward universal coverage SO MALARIA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID INTEGRATED CAMPAIGN; BED NETS; OWNERSHIP; KENYA AB Background: In 2009, the first national long-lasting insecticide-treated net (LLIN) distribution campaign in Senegal resulted in the distribution of 2.2 million LLINs in two phases to children aged 6-59 months. Door-to-door teams visited all households to administer vitamin A and mebendazole, and to give a coupon to redeem later for an LLIN. Methods: A nationwide community-based two-stage cluster survey was conducted, with clusters selected within regions by probability proportional to size sampling, followed by GPS-assisted mapping, simple random selection of households in each cluster, and administration of a questionnaire using personal digital assistants (PDAs). The questionnaire followed the Malaria Indicator Survey format, with rosters of household members and bed nets, and questions on campaign participation. Results: There were 3,280 households in 112 clusters representing 33,993 people. Most (92.1%) guardians of eligible children had heard about the campaign, the primary sources being health workers (33.7%), neighbours (26.2%), and radio (22.0%). Of eligible children, 82.4% received mebendazole, 83.8% received vitamin A, and 75.4% received LLINs. Almost all (91.4%) LLINs received during the campaign remained in the household; of those not remaining, 74.4% had been given away and none were reported sold. At least one insecticide-treated net (ITN) was present in 82.3% of all households, 89.2% of households with a child < 5 years and 57.5% of households without a child < 5 years. Just over half (52.4%) of ITNs had been received during the campaign. Considering possible indicators of universal coverage, 39.8% of households owned at least one ITN per two people, 21.6% owned at least one ITN per sleeping space and 34.7% of the general population slept under an ITN the night before the survey. In addition, 45.6% of children < 5 years, and 49.2% of pregnant women had slept under an ITN. Conclusions: The nationwide integrated LLIN distribution campaign allowed household ITN ownership of one or more ITNs to surpass the RBM target of 80% set for 2010, though additional distribution strategies are needed to reach populations missed by the targeted campaign and to reach the universal coverage targets of one ITN per sleeping space and 80% of the population using an ITN. C1 [Thwing, Julie I.; Perry, Robert T.; Townes, David A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Malaria Branch, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Diouf, Mame Birame; Thior, Moussa] Natl Malaria Control Programme, Dakar, Senegal. [Ndiaye, Salif] Ctr Rech Dev Humain, Dakar, Senegal. RP Thwing, JI (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Malaria Branch, Ctr Global Hlth, 4770 Buford Highway,Mail Stop F-12, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM jthwing@cdc.gov FU Malaria Initiative via the Office of Health, Infectious Diseases, and Nutrition; Bureau for Global Health; U.S. Agency for International Development; Senegal PMI country team; Senegal National Malaria Control Programme FX This research was made possible through support provided by the President's Malaria Initiative via the Office of Health, Infectious Diseases, and Nutrition, Bureau for Global Health, U.S. Agency for International Development, under the terms of an Interagency Agreement with CDC. The opinions expressed herein are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention or the U.S. Agency for International Development.; We gratefully acknowledge funding from the President's Malaria Initiative (PMI) and support from the Senegal PMI country team (Akua Kwateng-Addo, Debbie Gueye, Matar Camara, El Hadj Amadou Baye Mbow), the support of the Senegal National Malaria Control Programme (Moussa Ndour, Medoune Diop, Ouleye Beye), the working group for Monitoring and Evaluation of the campaign (El-Hadji Babacar Gueye, Bacary Sambou, Serigne Diagne, Youssoufa Lo, Ousmane Faye, Oumar Gaye), technical assistance from IntraHealth, the very capable efforts of the team at Centre de Recherche pour le Developpement Humain (CRDH, Center for Research and Human Development - Madame Ndiaye Mame Boucar Diouf, Saliou Sarr, Abdel Kader Diarra, Dieydy Diallo, Baka Tambouri Ndiaye, Mamadou Alpha Missiele Diallo, Ghislain Mbep, Souleymane Diouf), and technical assistance with PDA management from Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (Adam Wolkon, Jodi Vanden Eng, Allen Hightower). We are grateful for the tireless work of our enumerators over demanding terrain, for the regional and local public health officials who welcomed the team, and for the participation of many families who welcomed us into their homes and graciously granted interviews. NR 21 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 3 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1475-2875 J9 MALARIA J JI Malar. J. PD APR 13 PY 2011 VL 10 AR 86 DI 10.1186/1475-2875-10-86 PG 8 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA 755NZ UT WOS:000289940900001 PM 21489278 ER PT J AU Templeton, SP Buskirk, AD Law, B Green, BJ Beezhold, DH AF Templeton, Steven P. Buskirk, Amanda D. Law, Brandon Green, Brett J. Beezhold, Donald H. TI Role of Germination in Murine Airway CD8(+) T-Cell Responses to Aspergillus Conidia SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID INVASIVE PULMONARY ASPERGILLOSIS; CRYPTOCOCCUS-NEOFORMANS INFECTION; RESPIRATORY VIRUS-INFECTIONS; FUMIGATUS CONIDIA; ALVEOLAR MACROPHAGES; FUNGAL SPORES; GENERATION; VIRULENCE; IMMUNITY; ALLERGEN AB Pulmonary exposure to Aspergillus fumigatus has been associated with morbidity and mortality, particularly in immunocompromised individuals. A. fumigatus conidia produce beta-glucan, proteases, and other immunostimulatory factors upon germination. Murine models have shown that the ability of A. fumigatus to germinate at physiological temperature may be an important factor that facilitates invasive disease. We observed a significant increase in IFN-gamma-producing CD8(+) T cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of immunocompetent mice that repeatedly aspirated A. fumigatus conidia in contrast to mice challenged with A. versicolor, a species that is not typically associated with invasive, disseminated disease. Analysis of tissue sections indicated the presence of germinating spores in the lungs of mice challenged with A. fumigatus, but not A. versicolor. Airway IFN-gamma(+)CD8(+) T-cells were decreased and lung germination was eliminated in mice that aspirated A. fumigatus conidia that were formaldehyde-fixed or heat-inactivated. Furthermore, A. fumigatus particles exhibited greater persistence in the lungs of recipient mice when compared to non-viable A. fumigatus or A. versicolor, and this correlated with increased maintenance of airway memory-phenotype CD8(+) T cells. Therefore, murine airway CD8(+) T cell-responses to aspiration of Aspergillus conidia may be mediated in part by the ability of conidia to germinate in the host lung tissue. These results provide further evidence of induction of immune responses to fungi based on their ability to invade host tissue. C1 [Templeton, Steven P.; Buskirk, Amanda D.; Law, Brandon; Green, Brett J.; Beezhold, Donald H.] NIOSH, Allergy & Clin Immunol Branch, Hlth Effects Lab Div, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Buskirk, Amanda D.] W Virginia Univ, Sch Med, Dept Microbiol Immunol & Cell Biol, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. RP Templeton, SP (reprint author), NIOSH, Allergy & Clin Immunol Branch, Hlth Effects Lab Div, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM STempleton@cdc.gov RI Templeton, Steven/I-6635-2013 OI Templeton, Steven/0000-0003-3430-7011 FU National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health [Y1-ES-0001] FX This work was supported by an interagency agreement with the National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health (Y1-ES-0001). No additional external funding was received for this study. The funder had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 41 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD APR 13 PY 2011 VL 6 IS 4 AR e18777 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0018777 PG 11 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 749IP UT WOS:000289458800041 PM 21533200 ER PT J AU Moore, Z Maillard, JM Davies, M Dailey, N AF Moore, Z. Maillard, J-M Davies, M. Dailey, N. TI Notes From the Field: Deaths From Acute Hepatitis B Virus Infection Associated With Assisted Blood Glucose Monitoring in an Assisted-Living Facility-North Carolina, August-October 2010 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 60, pg 182, 2011) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint C1 [Moore, Z.; Maillard, J-M; Davies, M.] N Carolina Dept Hlth & Human Svcs, Raleigh, NC 27699 USA. [Dailey, N.] CDC, EIS, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Moore, Z (reprint author), N Carolina Dept Hlth & Human Svcs, Raleigh, NC 27699 USA. NR 4 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 330 N WABASH AVE, STE 39300, CHICAGO, IL 60611-5885 USA SN 0098-7484 EI 1538-3598 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD APR 13 PY 2011 VL 305 IS 14 BP 1405 EP 1406 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 748WQ UT WOS:000289424100008 ER PT J AU Shiels, MS Pfeiffer, RM Hall, HI Li, JM Goedert, JJ Morton, LM Hartge, P Engels, EA AF Shiels, Meredith S. Pfeiffer, Ruth M. Hall, H. Irene Li, Jianmin Goedert, James J. Morton, Lindsay M. Hartge, Patricia Engels, Eric A. TI Proportions of Kaposi Sarcoma, Selected Non-Hodgkin Lymphomas, and Cervical Cancer in the United States Occurring in Persons With AIDS, 1980-2007 SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID NERVOUS-SYSTEM LYMPHOMA; INCIDENCE PATTERNS; SURVEILLANCE DATA; HIV; TRENDS; ADULTS; RISK; RECOMMENDATIONS; ADOLESCENTS; MALIGNANCIES AB Context Given the higher risk of AIDS-defining malignancies that include Kaposi sarcoma (KS), certain non-Hodgkin lymphomas (NHLs), and cervical cancer in persons with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, the HIV epidemic has likely contributed to the overall numbers of these cancers in the United States. Objective To quantify the proportions of KS, AIDS-defining NHLs, and cervical cancer in the United States that occurred among persons with AIDS from 1980 to 2007. Design, Setting, and Participants The HIV/AIDS Cancer Match Study (19802007) linked data from 16 US HIV/AIDS and cancer registries to identify cases with and without AIDS for KS, AIDS-defining NHLs (ie, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma [DLBCL], Burkitt lymphoma [BL], and central nervous system [CNS] lymphoma), and cervical cancer. Using linked data, we derived cancer rates for persons with and without AIDS. To estimate national counts, the rates were applied to national AIDS surveillance and US Census data. Main Outcome Measure Proportion of AIDS-defining malignancies in the United States occurring in persons with AIDS. Results In the United States, an estimated 81.6% (95% confidence interval [CI], 81.2%-81.9%) of 83 252 KS cases, 6.0% (95% CI, 5.8%-6.1%) of 351 618 DLBCL cases, 19.9% (95% CI, 18.1%-21.7%) of 17 307 BL cases, 27.1% (95% CI, 26.1%-28.1%) of 27 265 CNS lymphoma cases, and 0.42% (95% CI, 0.37%-0.47%) of 375 452 cervical cancer cases occurred among persons with AIDS during 1980-2007. The proportion of KS and AIDS-defining NHLs in persons with AIDS peaked in the early 1990s (1990-1995: KS, 90.5% [95% CI, 90.2%-90.8%]; DLBCL, 10.2% [95% CI, 9.9%-10.5%]; BL, 27.8% [95% CI, 25.0%-30.5%]; and CNS lymphoma, 48.3% [95% CI, 46.7%-49.8%]; all P < .001 [compared with 1980-1989]) and then declined (2001-2007: KS, 70.5% [95% CI, 68.1%-73.0%]; DLBCL, 4.7% [95% CI, 4.3%-5.2%]; BL, 21.5% [95% CI, 17.7%-25.4%]; and CNS lymphoma, 12.9% [95% CI, 10.5%-15.3%]; all P < .001 [compared with 1990-1995]). The proportion of cervical cancers in persons with AIDS increased over time (1980-1989: 0.11% [95% CI, 0.09%-0.13%]; 2001-2007: 0.71% [95% CI, 0.51%-0.91%]; P < .001). Conclusions In the United States, the estimated proportions of AIDS-defining malignancies that occurred among persons with AIDS were substantial, particularly for KS and some NHLs. Except for cervical cancer, the proportions of AIDS-defining malignancies occurring among persons with AIDS peaked in the mid-1990s and then declined. JAMA. 2011;305(14):1450-1459 www.jama.com C1 [Shiels, Meredith S.] NCI, Infect & Immunoepidemiol Branch, Div Canc Epidemiol & Genet, Rockville, MD 20892 USA. [Hall, H. Irene; Li, Jianmin] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Shiels, MS (reprint author), NCI, Infect & Immunoepidemiol Branch, Div Canc Epidemiol & Genet, 6120 Execut Blvd,EPS 7059, Rockville, MD 20892 USA. EM shielsms@mail.nih.gov RI Morton, Lindsay/B-5234-2015 OI Morton, Lindsay/0000-0001-9767-2310 FU National Cancer Institute FX This study was funded by the Intramural Research Program of the National Cancer Institute. NR 37 TC 60 Z9 61 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 330 N WABASH AVE, STE 39300, CHICAGO, IL 60611-5885 USA SN 0098-7484 EI 1538-3598 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD APR 13 PY 2011 VL 305 IS 14 BP 1450 EP 1459 DI 10.1001/jama.2011.396 PG 10 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 748WQ UT WOS:000289424100022 PM 21486978 ER PT J AU Ritger, K Black, S Weaver, K Jones, J Gerber, S Conover, C Soyemi, K Metzger, K King, B Mead, P Mollins, C Schriefer, M Shieh, WJ Zaki, S Medina-Marino, A AF Ritger, K. Black, S. Weaver, K. Jones, J. Gerber, S. Conover, C. Soyemi, K. Metzger, K. King, B. Mead, P. Mollins, C. Schriefer, M. Shieh, W-J Zaki, S. Medina-Marino, A. TI Fatal Laboratory-Acquired Infection With an Attenuated Yersinia pestis Strain-Chicago, Illinois, 2009 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 201, pg 201-205, 2011) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint C1 [Ritger, K.; Black, S.; Weaver, K.; Jones, J.] Chicago Dept Publ Hlth, Chicago, IL 60611 USA. [Gerber, S.] Cook Cty Dept Publ Hlth, Oak Forest, IL 60452 USA. [Conover, C.; Soyemi, K.] Illinois Dept Publ Hlth, Springfield, IL 62761 USA. [Metzger, K.] CDC, CSTE Appl Epidemiol, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [King, B.] NIOSH, Bandar Baru Bangi, Malaysia. [Mead, P.; Mollins, C.; Schriefer, M.] CDC, Div Vector Borne Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Shieh, W-J; Zaki, S.] CDC, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Medina-Marino, A.] CDC, EIS, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Ritger, K (reprint author), Chicago Dept Publ Hlth, Chicago, IL 60611 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 330 N WABASH AVE, STE 39300, CHICAGO, IL 60611-5885 USA SN 0098-7484 EI 1538-3598 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD APR 13 PY 2011 VL 305 IS 14 BP 1403 EP 1405 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 748WQ UT WOS:000289424100007 ER PT J AU Murphy, LB Hootman, JM Langmaid, GA Brady, TJ Helmick, CG Cheng, YJ Schieb, L Bolen, J AF Murphy, L. B. Hootman, J. M. Langmaid, G. A. Brady, T. J. Helmick, C. G. Cheng, Y. J. Schieb, L. Bolen, J. TI Prevalence of Doctor-Diagnosed Arthritis and Arthritis-Attributable Effects Among Hispanic Adults, by Hispanic Subgroup-United States, 2002, 2003, 2006, and 2009 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 60, pg 167-171, 2011) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint C1 [Murphy, L. B.; Hootman, J. M.; Langmaid, G. A.; Brady, T. J.; Helmick, C. G.] CDC, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Cheng, Y. J.] CDC, Div Diabet Translat, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Schieb, L.] CDC, Div Heart Dis & Stroke Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Bolen, J.] CDC, Div Human Dev & Disabil, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Murphy, LB (reprint author), CDC, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 330 N WABASH AVE, STE 39300, CHICAGO, IL 60611-5885 USA SN 0098-7484 EI 1538-3598 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD APR 13 PY 2011 VL 305 IS 14 BP 1406 EP 1408 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 748WQ UT WOS:000289424100009 ER PT J AU Cavanagh, DR Dubois, PM Holtel, A Kisser, A Leroy, O Locke, E Moorthy, VS Remarque, EJ Shi, YP AF Cavanagh, David R. Dubois, Patrice M. Holtel, Andreas Kisser, Agnes Leroy, Odile Locke, Emily Moorthy, Vasee S. Remarque, Edmond J. Shi, Ya Ping CA OPTIMALVAC Consortium TI Towards validated assays for key immunological outcomes in malaria vaccine development SO VACCINE LA English DT Letter C1 [Moorthy, Vasee S.] WHO, Initat Vaccine Res, Dept Immunizat Vaccines & Biol, CH-1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland. [Cavanagh, David R.] Univ Edinburgh, Inst Immunol & Infect Res, Ashworth Labs, Edinburgh EH9 3JT, Midlothian, Scotland. [Dubois, Patrice M.] Immunovacc Consulting, B-1180 Uccle, Belgium. [Holtel, Andreas] European Commiss, DG Res & Innovat Hlth CDMA 2 123, B-1050 Brussels, Belgium. [Kisser, Agnes; Leroy, Odile] Univ Klinikum Heidelberg, European Vaccine Initiat, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany. [Locke, Emily] PATH Malaria Vaccine Initiat, Washington, DC 20001 USA. [Remarque, Edmond J.] Biomed Primate Res Ctr, Dept Parasitol, NL-2288 GJ Rijswijk, Netherlands. [Shi, Ya Ping] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Clin Immunol & Mol Epidemiol Lab, Malaria Branch, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria,Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Moorthy, VS (reprint author), WHO, Initat Vaccine Res, Dept Immunizat Vaccines & Biol, 20 Ave Appia, CH-1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland. EM moorthyv@who.int RI Cavanagh, David/A-1828-2008 NR 6 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD APR 12 PY 2011 VL 29 IS 17 BP 3093 EP 3095 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.01.070 PG 3 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 764BJ UT WOS:000290603100001 ER PT J AU Byrd, KK Santibanez, TA Chaves, SS AF Byrd, Kathy K. Santibanez, Tammy A. Chaves, Sandra S. TI Predictors of hepatitis A vaccination among young children in the United States SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Hepatitis A vaccination; Hepatitis A virus; Predictors of vaccination ID COMMUNITY-WIDE OUTBREAK; AGED 19-35 MONTHS; MEXICO BORDER; COVERAGE; EPIDEMIOLOGY AB We analysed data from the 2009 National Immunization Survey to determine potential predictors of hepatitis A vaccination coverage among children aged 19-35 months. Overall national coverage was 75% for >= 1 dose. Residence in a state with hepatitis A vaccination recommendations prior to 2006, or in a metropolitan statistical area within such state, or being a minority child were among the variables independently associated with higher vaccination coverage. While hepatitis A vaccination coverage has improved since nationwide routine childhood vaccination began in 2006, coverage remains lower than that for other recommended childhood vaccines. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Byrd, Kathy K.; Chaves, Sandra S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, Natl Ctr HIV Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Santibanez, Tammy A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunizat Serv Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Byrd, KK (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, Natl Ctr HIV Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS G-37, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM gdn8@cdc.gov NR 27 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X EI 1873-2518 J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD APR 12 PY 2011 VL 29 IS 17 BP 3254 EP 3259 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.02.028 PG 6 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 764BJ UT WOS:000290603100025 PM 21352942 ER PT J AU Tate, JE Kisakye, A Mugyenyi, P Kizza, D Odiit, A Braka, F AF Tate, Jacqueline E. Kisakye, Annet Mugyenyi, Prosper Kizza, Diana Odiit, Amos Braka, Fiona TI Projected health benefits and costs of pneumococcal and rotavirus vaccination in Uganda SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Pneumococcal vaccine; Rotavirus vaccine; Cost-effectiveness ID STREPTOCOCCUS-PNEUMONIAE; CHILDREN; DISEASE; GASTROENTERITIS; IMMUNIZATION; DIARRHEA; DEATHS AB We determined impact and cost-effectiveness of pneumococcal and rotavirus vaccination programs among children < 5 years of age in Uganda from the public health system perspective. Disease-specific models compared the disease burden and cost with and without a vaccination program. If introduced, pneumococcal and rotavirus vaccine programs will save 10,796 and 5265 lives, respectively, prevent 94,071 Streptococcus pneumoniae and 94,729 rotavirus cases in children < 5 years, and save 3886 and 996 million Ugandan shillings ($2.3 and $0.6 million US dollars), respectively, in direct medical costs annually. At the GAVI price ($0.15/dose), pneumococcal vaccine will be cost-saving and rotavirus vaccine highly cost-effective. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Tate, Jacqueline E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Kisakye, Annet] World Hlth Org Country Off Uganda, Kampala, Uganda. [Mugyenyi, Prosper] Minist Hlth, Uganda Natl Expanded Programme Immunizat, Kampala, Uganda. [Kizza, Diana] Sabin Vaccine Inst, Kampala, Uganda. [Odiit, Amos] Mulago Natl Referral Hosp, Kampala, Uganda. [Braka, Fiona] World Hlth Org Country Off Ethiopia, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. RP Tate, JE (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS-A47, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM jqt8@cdc.gov NR 28 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD APR 12 PY 2011 VL 29 IS 17 BP 3329 EP 3334 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2010.12.122 PG 6 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 764BJ UT WOS:000290603100034 PM 21241733 ER PT J AU Braunstein, SL Nash, D Kim, AA Ford, K Mwambarangwe, L Ingabire, CM Vyankandondera, J van de Wijgert, JHHM AF Braunstein, Sarah L. Nash, Denis Kim, Andrea A. Ford, Ken Mwambarangwe, Lambert Ingabire, Chantal M. Vyankandondera, Joseph van de Wijgert, Janneke H. H. M. TI Dual Testing Algorithm of BED-CEIA and AxSYM Avidity Index Assays Performs Best in Identifying Recent HIV Infection in a Sample of Rwandan Sex Workers SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID CAPTURE ENZYME-IMMUNOASSAY; SEROCONVERSION; SURVEILLANCE; STRATEGY; AFRICA AB Background: To assess the performance of BED-CEIA (BED) and AxSYM Avidity Index (Ax-AI) assays in estimating HIV incidence among female sex workers (FSW) in Kigali, Rwanda. Methodology and Findings: Eight hundred FSW of unknown HIV status were HIV tested; HIV-positive women had BED and Ax-AI testing at baseline and >= 12 months later to estimate assay false-recent rates (FRR). STARHS-based HIV incidence was estimated using the McWalter/Welte formula, and adjusted with locally derived FRR and CD4 results. HIV incidence and local assay window periods were estimated from a prospective cohort of FSW. At baseline, 190 HIV-positive women were BED and Ax-AI tested; 23 were classified as recent infection (RI). Assay FRR with 95% confidence intervals were: 3.6% (1.2-8.1) (BED); 10.6% (6.1-17.0) (Ax-AI); and 2.1% (0.4-6.1) (BED/Ax-AI combined). After FRR-adjustment, incidence estimates by BED, Ax-AI, and BED/Ax-AI were: 5.5/100 person-years (95% CI 2.2-8.7); 7.7 (3.2-12.3); and 4.4 (1.4-7.3). After CD4-adjustment, BED, Ax-AI, and BED/Ax-AI incidence estimates were: 5.6 (2.6-8.6); 9.7 (5.0-14.4); and 4.7 (2.0-7.5). HIV incidence rates in the first and second 6 months of the cohort were 4.6 (1.6-7.7) and 2.2 (0.1-4.4). Conclusions: Adjusted incidence estimates by BED/Ax-AI combined were similar to incidence in the first 6 months of the cohort. Furthermore, false-recent rate on the combined BED/Ax-AI algorithm was low and substantially lower than for either assay alone. Improved assay specificity with time since seroconversion suggests that specificity would be higher in population-based testing where more individuals have long-term infection. C1 [Braunstein, Sarah L.; Nash, Denis] Columbia Univ, Mailman Sch Publ Hlth, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Kim, Andrea A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Ford, Ken; Mwambarangwe, Lambert; Ingabire, Chantal M.; Vyankandondera, Joseph; van de Wijgert, Janneke H. H. M.] Projet Ubuzima, Kigali, Rwanda. [Vyankandondera, Joseph] Belgian Dev Agcy, Kigali, Rwanda. [van de Wijgert, Janneke H. H. M.] Univ Amsterdam, Acad Med Ctr, Dept Internal Med, NL-1105 AZ Amsterdam, Netherlands. [van de Wijgert, Janneke H. H. M.] Univ Amsterdam, Acad Med Ctr, Amsterdam Inst Global Hlth & Dev, NL-1105 AZ Amsterdam, Netherlands. RP Braunstein, SL (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Mailman Sch Publ Hlth, New York, NY 10027 USA. EM braunstein.sarah@gmail.com FU International Partnership for Microbicides, Inc.; European and Developing Countries Clinical Trials Partnership (EDCTP); United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; US National Institutes of Health FX The work was supported by International Partnership for Microbicides, Inc.; European and Developing Countries Clinical Trials Partnership (EDCTP); United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; and US National Institutes of Health-Institutional Training Grant. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 35 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 1 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD APR 12 PY 2011 VL 6 IS 4 AR e18402 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0018402 PG 8 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 748QE UT WOS:000289404700012 PM 21532753 ER PT J AU Mac Kenzie, WR Heilig, CM Bozeman, L Johnson, JL Muzanye, G Dunbar, D Jost, KC Diem, L Metchock, B Eisenach, K Dorman, S Goldberg, S AF Mac Kenzie, William R. Heilig, Charles M. Bozeman, Lorna Johnson, John L. Muzanye, Grace Dunbar, Denise Jost, Kenneth C., Jr. Diem, Lois Metchock, Beverly Eisenach, Kathleen Dorman, Susan Goldberg, Stefan TI Geographic Differences in Time to Culture Conversion in Liquid Media: Tuberculosis Trials Consortium Study 28. Culture Conversion Is Delayed in Africa SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS; MYCOBACTERIUM-TUBERCULOSIS; DIABETES-MELLITUS; SPUTUM CONVERSION; INTENSIVE PHASE; MOXIFLOXACIN; ADULTS; SMEAR; DECONTAMINATION; ETHAMBUTOL AB Background: Tuberculosis Trials Consortium Study 28, was a double blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, phase 2 clinical trial examining smear positive pulmonary Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Over the course of intensive phase therapy, patients from African sites had substantially delayed and lower rates of culture conversion to negative in liquid media compared to non-African patients. We explored potential explanations of this finding. Methods: In TBTC Study 28, protocol-correct patients (n = 328) provided spot sputum specimens for M. tuberculosis culture in liquid media, at baseline and weeks 2, 4, 6 and 8 of study therapy. We compared sputum culture conversion for African and non-African patients stratified by four baseline measures of disease severity: AFB smear quantification, extent of disease on chest radiograph, cavity size and the number of days to detection of M. tuberculosis in liquid media using the Kaplan-Meier product-limit method. We evaluated specimen processing and culture procedures used at 29 study laboratories serving 27 sites. Results: African TB patients had more extensive disease at enrollment than non-African patients. However, African patients with the least disease by the 4 measures of disease severity had conversion rates on liquid media that were substantially lower than conversion rates in non-African patients with the greatest extent of disease. HIV infection, smoking and diabetes did not explain delayed conversion in Africa. Some inter-site variation in laboratory processing and culture procedures within accepted practice for clinical diagnostic laboratories was found. Conclusions: Compared with patients from non-African sites, African patients being treated for TB had delayed sputum culture conversion and lower sputum conversion rates in liquid media that were not explained by baseline severity of disease, HIV status, age, smoking, diabetes or race. Further investigation is warranted into whether modest variation in laboratory processes substantially influences the efficacy outcomes of phase 2 TB treatment trials or if other factors (e.g., nutrition, host response) are involved. C1 [Mac Kenzie, William R.; Heilig, Charles M.; Bozeman, Lorna; Goldberg, Stefan] Ctr Dis Control, TB Trials Consortium, Div TB Eliminat, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Johnson, John L.] Case Western Reserve Univ, Sch Med, TB Res Unit, Cleveland, OH USA. [Muzanye, Grace] Makerere Univ, Mulago Hosp, Uganda Case Western Reserve Univ Res Collaborat, Kampala, Uganda. [Dunbar, Denise; Jost, Kenneth C., Jr.] Texas Dept State Hlth Serv, Mycobacteriol Mycol Lab, Austin, TX USA. [Diem, Lois; Metchock, Beverly] Ctr Dis Control, Branch Lab, Div TB Eliminat, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Eisenach, Kathleen] Univ Arkansas Med Sci, Little Rock, AR 72205 USA. [Dorman, Susan] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Baltimore, MD USA. RP Mac Kenzie, WR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control, TB Trials Consortium, Div TB Eliminat, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM wrm0@cdc.gov RI Heilig, Charles/C-2753-2008; Mac Kenzie, William /F-1528-2013 OI Heilig, Charles/0000-0003-1075-1310; Mac Kenzie, William /0000-0001-7723-0339 FU Tuberculosis Trials Consortium FX Funding for this study was provided by the Tuberculosis Trials Consortium, CRB/DTBE/NCHHSTP/CDC. As a part of public scientific agency, CDC employees were directly involved in the study design, analysis, decision to publish and preparation of the manuscript. NR 27 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 4 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD APR 11 PY 2011 VL 6 IS 4 AR e18358 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0018358 PG 10 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 747XH UT WOS:000289354100008 PM 21494548 ER PT J AU Isakova-Sivak, I Chen, LM Matsuoka, Y Voeten, JTM Kiseleva, I Heldens, JGM van den Bosch, H Klimov, A Rudenko, L Cox, NJ Donis, RO AF Isakova-Sivak, Irina Chen, Li-Mei Matsuoka, Yumiko Voeten, J. Theo M. Kiseleva, Irina Heldens, Jacco G. M. van den Bosch, Han Klimov, Alexander Rudenko, Larisa Cox, Nancy J. Donis, Ruben O. TI Genetic bases of the temperature-sensitive phenotype of a master donor virus used in live attenuated influenza vaccines: A/Leningrad/134/17/57 (H2N2) SO VIROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Influenza A virus; Live attenuated influenza vaccine; Temperature-sensitive mutant, cold-adapted virus, viral polymerase ID COLD-ADAPTED VARIANTS; A VIRUS; A/ANN ARBOR/6/60; STRAINS A/LENINGRAD/134/17/57; PROTECTION; VACCINATION; TRIVALENT; EFFICACY; FERRETS; MICE AB Trivalent live attenuated influenza vaccines whose type A components are based on cold-adapted A/Leningrad/134/17/57 (H2N2) (caLen17) master donor virus (MDV) have been successfully used in Russia for decades to control influenza. The vaccine virus comprises hemagglutinin and neuraminidase genes from the circulating viruses and the remaining six genes from the MDV. The latter confer temperature-sensitive (ts) and attenuated (att) phenotypes. The ts phenotype of the vaccine virus is a critical biological determinant of attenuation of virulence. We developed a plasmid-based reverse genetics system for MDV caLen17 to study the genetic basis of its ts phenotype. Mutations in the polymerase proteins P81 and PB2 played a crucial role in the ts phenotype of MDV caLen17. In addition, we show that caLen17-specific ts mutations could impart the ts phenotype to the divergent PR8 virus, suggesting the feasibility of transferring the ts phenotype to new viruses of interest for vaccine development. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Isakova-Sivak, Irina; Chen, Li-Mei; Matsuoka, Yumiko; Klimov, Alexander; Cox, Nancy J.; Donis, Ruben O.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Kiseleva, Irina; Rudenko, Larisa] Russian Acad Med Sci, Inst Expt Med, St Petersburg 197376, Russia. [Voeten, J. Theo M.; Kiseleva, Irina; Heldens, Jacco G. M.; van den Bosch, Han] Nobilon Int BV, NL-5831 AN Boxmeer, Netherlands. RP Donis, RO (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Mailstop G-16,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM rdonis@cdc.gov RI Rudenko, Larisa/B-5169-2015; Kiseleva, Irina/E-6555-2014; Isakova-Sivak, Irina/C-1034-2014 OI Rudenko, Larisa/0000-0002-0107-9959; Kiseleva, Irina/0000-0002-3892-9873; Isakova-Sivak, Irina/0000-0002-2801-1508 NR 55 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 5 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0042-6822 J9 VIROLOGY JI Virology PD APR 10 PY 2011 VL 412 IS 2 BP 297 EP 305 DI 10.1016/j.virol.2011.01.004 PG 9 WC Virology SC Virology GA 740DZ UT WOS:000288773100006 PM 21315402 ER PT J AU Chen, LM Rivailler, P Hossain, J Carney, P Balish, A Perry, I Davis, CT Garten, R Shu, B Xu, XY Klimov, A Paulson, JC Cox, NJ Swenson, S Stevens, J Vincent, A Gramer, M Donis, RO AF Chen, Li-Mei Rivailler, Pierre Hossain, Jaber Carney, Paul Balish, Amanda Perry, Ijeoma Davis, C. Todd Garten, Rebecca Shu, Bo Xu, Xiyan Klimov, Alexander Paulson, James C. Cox, Nancy J. Swenson, Sabrina Stevens, James Vincent, Amy Gramer, Marie Donis, Ruben O. TI Receptor specificity of subtype H1 influenza A viruses isolated from swine and humans in the United States SO VIROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Influenza; Swine; Human; H1 hemagglutinin; Receptor; Binding; Sialic acid ID EMBRYONATED CHICKEN EGGS; BINDING PROPERTIES; GENETIC-CHARACTERIZATION; MEDIATED SELECTION; SEVERE DISEASE; H3N2 VIRUSES; HOST-CELL; HEMAGGLUTININ; PIGS; ORIGIN AB The evolution of classical swine influenza viruses receptor specificity preceding the emergence of the 2009 H1N1 pandemic virus was analyzed in glycan microarrays. Classical swine influenza viruses from the alpha, beta, and gamma antigenic clusters isolated between 1945 and 2009 revealed a binding profile very similar to that of 2009 pandemic H1N1 viruses, with selectivity for alpha 2-6-linked sialosides and very limited binding to alpha 2-3 sialosides. Despite considerable genetic divergence, the 'human-like' H1N1 viruses circulating in swine retained strong binding preference for alpha 2-6 sialylated glycans. Interspecies transmission of H1N1 influenza viruses from swine to humans or from humans to swine has not driven selection of viruses with distinct novel receptor binding specificities. Classical swine and human seasonal H1N1 influenza viruses have conserved specificity for similar alpha 2-6-sialoside receptors in spite of long term circulation in separate hosts, suggesting that humans and swine impose analogous selection pressures on'the evolution of receptor binding function. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Donis, Ruben O.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, NCIRD, CCID, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Paulson, James C.] Scripps Res Inst, Dept Physiol Chem, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. [Swenson, Sabrina] USDA APHIS, Natl Vet Serv Labs, Ames, IA USA. [Vincent, Amy] USDA ARS, Natl Anim Dis Ctr, Ames, IA 50010 USA. [Gramer, Marie] Univ Minnesota, Vet Diagnost Lab, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Paulson, James C.] Scripps Res Inst, Dept Mol Biol, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. RP Donis, RO (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, NCIRD, CCID, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mail Stop G-16, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM rvd6@cdc.gov FU National Institute of General Medical Sciences [GM62116] FX Glycan microarrays were produced for the Centers for Disease Control using the glycan library of CFG developed under funding by the National Institute of General Medical Sciences, Grant GM62116. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention or the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. NR 75 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 1 U2 8 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0042-6822 J9 VIROLOGY JI Virology PD APR 10 PY 2011 VL 412 IS 2 BP 401 EP 410 DI 10.1016/j.virol.2011.01.015 PG 10 WC Virology SC Virology GA 740DZ UT WOS:000288773100018 PM 21333316 ER PT J AU Cong, ME Youngpairoj, AS Aung, W Sharma, S Mitchell, J Dobard, C Heneine, W Garcia-Lerma, JG AF Cong, Mian-er Youngpairoj, Ae S. Aung, Wutyi Sharma, Sunita Mitchell, James Dobard, Charles Heneine, Walid Garcia-Lerma, J. Gerardo TI Generation and mucosal transmissibility of emtricitabine- and tenofovir-resistant SHIV162P3 mutants in macaques SO VIROLOGY LA English DT Article DE HIV-1 drug resistance; Mucosal transmissibility; Pre-exposure prophylaxis ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; HIV PRECLINICAL INTERVENTIONS; REVERSE-TRANSCRIPTASE; RHESUS MACAQUES; DRUG-RESISTANCE; ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; NONHUMAN-PRIMATES; TYPE-1; FITNESS; MUTATIONS AB Transmission of drug-resistant HIV has been widely documented. We generated tenofovir (TFV)- and emtricitabine (FTC)-resistant SHIV162P3 mutants that can be used to investigate the transmission efficiency of drug-resistant viruses and their impact on the efficacy of pre-exposure prophylaxis. Both SHIV162p3(M184V) and SHIV162p3(K65R) replicated in vitro at high titers. Drug resistance profiles were similar to those seen in HIV. Virus infectivity to virion particle ratios were 4- and 10-fold lower in SHIV162p3(M184V) and SHIV162p3(K65R), compared to a concurrently generated WT SHIV162p3, respectively. Mucosal transmissibility studies using a repeat low-dose macaque model of rectal and vaginal transmission showed that both mutants were able to efficiently infect macaques only after the dose was increased to adjust for fitness reductions due to K65R and M184V. Our results in limited number of macaques suggest that the reduction in fitness due to M184V and K65R decreases virus transmissibility, and identify in vitro infectivity parameters that associate with mucosal transmissibility. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Garcia-Lerma, J. Gerardo] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, Branch Lab, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Garcia-Lerma, JG (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, Branch Lab, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM GGarcia-Lerma@cdc.gov FU CDC FX CDC intramural funds. NR 42 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 2 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0042-6822 J9 VIROLOGY JI Virology PD APR 10 PY 2011 VL 412 IS 2 BP 435 EP 440 DI 10.1016/j.virol.2011.01.038 PG 6 WC Virology SC Virology GA 740DZ UT WOS:000288773100021 PM 21334708 ER PT J AU Russell, TL Govella, NJ Azizi, S Drakeley, CJ Kachur, SP Killeen, GF AF Russell, Tanya L. Govella, Nicodem J. Azizi, Salum Drakeley, Christopher J. Kachur, S. Patrick Killeen, Gerry F. TI Increased proportions of outdoor feeding among residual malaria vector populations following increased use of insecticide-treated nets in rural Tanzania SO MALARIA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID ANOPHELES-GAMBIAE COMPLEX; POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; EXPERIMENTAL HUT TRIALS; BED NETS; CHILD-MORTALITY; TRANSMISSION; IMPACT; MOSQUITOS; REDUCTION; MORBIDITY AB Background: Insecticide-treated nets (ITNs) and indoor residual spraying (IRS) represent the front-line tools for malaria vector control globally, but are optimally effective where the majority of baseline transmission occurs indoors. In the surveyed area of rural southern Tanzania, bed net use steadily increased over the last decade, reducing malaria transmission intensity by 94%. Methods: Starting before bed nets were introduced (1997), and then after two milestones of net use had been reached-75% community-wide use of untreated nets (2004) and then 47% use of ITNs (2009)-hourly biting rates of malaria vectors from the Anopheles gambiae complex and Anopheles funestus group were surveyed. Results: In 1997, An. gambiae s.l. and An. funestus mosquitoes exhibited a tendency to bite humans inside houses late at night. For An. gambiae s.l., by 2009, nocturnal activity was less (p = 0.0018). At this time, the sibling species composition of the complex had shifted from predominantly An. gambiae s.s. to predominantly An. arabiensis. For An. funestus, by 2009, nocturnal activity was less (p = 0.0054) as well as the proportion biting indoors (p < 0.0001). At this time, An. funestus s.s. remained the predominant species within this group. As a consequence of these altered feeding patterns, the proportion (mean +/- standard error) of human contact with mosquitoes (bites per person per night) occurring indoors dropped from 0.99 +/- 0.002 in 1997 to 0.82 +/- 0.008 in 2009 for the An. gambiae complex (p = 0.0143) and from 1.00 +/- < 0.001 to only 0.50 +/- 0.048 for the An. funestus complex (p = 0.0004) over the same time period. Conclusions: High usage of ITNs can dramatically alter African vector populations so that intense, predominantly indoor transmission is replaced by greatly lowered residual transmission, a greater proportion of which occurs outdoors. Regardless of the underlying mechanism, the residual, self-sustaining transmission will respond poorly to further insecticidal measures within houses. Additional vector control tools which target outdoor biting mosquitoes at the adult or immature stages are required to complement ITNs and IRS. C1 [Russell, Tanya L.; Govella, Nicodem J.; Azizi, Salum; Killeen, Gerry F.] Ifakara Hlth Inst, Biomed & Environm Themat Grp, Ifakara, Tanzania. [Russell, Tanya L.; Govella, Nicodem J.; Killeen, Gerry F.] Univ Liverpool, Liverpool Sch Trop Med, Vector Grp, Liverpool L3 5QA, Merseyside, England. [Russell, Tanya L.] Univ Queensland, Sch Populat Hlth, Australian Ctr Trop & Int Hlth, Brisbane, Qld 4006, Australia. [Drakeley, Christopher J.] Univ London London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, Dept Infect & Trop Dis, London WC1E 7HT, England. [Kachur, S. Patrick] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Russell, TL (reprint author), Ifakara Hlth Inst, Biomed & Environm Themat Grp, POB 53, Ifakara, Tanzania. EM t.russell2@uq.edu.au FU Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation through the Malaria Transmission Consortium [45114]; Wellcome Trust [51431, 076806] FX The authors thank all of the volunteers who participated in the study as well as the community of Lupiro village for their continued support. We thank the staff at the Ifakara Health Institute especially Hassan Ngonyani and Robert Sangusangu for technical assistance in conducting entomological surveillance, Nuru Nchimbi and Daniel Lugiko for data entry as well as Alex N. John, Deogratus R. Kavishe, Francis Allen and Mohamed Dangaya for assistance with molecular analysis. We are especially grateful for technical assistance provided by Jason D. Moore when setting up the field site. This work was funded by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation through the Malaria Transmission Consortium, coordinated by Professor Frank Collins and Dr Neil Lobo at Notre Dame University (Award 45114) and the Spatial Repellents as Replacements for DDT project coordinated by Dr Sarah Moore (Award 51431) as well as a Research Career Development Fellowship provided to GFK by the Wellcome Trust (Award 076806). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 52 TC 178 Z9 179 U1 1 U2 35 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1475-2875 J9 MALARIA J JI Malar. J. PD APR 9 PY 2011 VL 10 AR 80 DI 10.1186/1475-2875-10-80 PG 10 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA 756BK UT WOS:000289986500001 PM 21477321 ER PT J AU Etheridge, B Porter, T Holliday, J Underwood, R Woernle, C Zajac, L Morrison, M Brunkard, J Miller, M Otto, C Hightower, A Wolkon, A Gargano, J Freeland, A AF Etheridge, B. Porter, T. Holliday, J. Underwood, R. Woernle, C. Zajac, L. Morrison, M. Brunkard, J. Miller, M. Otto, C. Hightower, A. Wolkon, A. Gargano, J. Freeland, A. TI Community Health Impact of Extended Loss of Water Service-Alabama, January 2010 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 60, pg 161-166, 2011) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint C1 [Zajac, L.] Montefiore Med Ctr, New York, NY USA. [Gargano, J.; Freeland, A.] CDC, EIS, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD APR 6 PY 2011 VL 305 IS 13 BP 1294 EP 1296 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 745JT UT WOS:000289162400011 ER PT J AU Li, JZ Paredes, R Ribaudo, HJ Svarovskaia, ES Metzner, KJ Kozal, MJ Hullsiek, KH Balduin, M Jakobsen, MR Geretti, AM Thiebaut, R Ostergaard, L Masquelier, B Johnson, JA Miller, MD Kuritzkes, DR AF Li, Jonathan Z. Paredes, Roger Ribaudo, Heather J. Svarovskaia, Evguenia S. Metzner, Karin J. Kozal, Michael J. Hullsiek, Kathy Huppler Balduin, Melanie Jakobsen, Martin R. Geretti, Anna Maria Thiebaut, Rodolphe Ostergaard, Lars Masquelier, Bernard Johnson, Jeffrey A. Miller, Michael D. Kuritzkes, Daniel R. TI Low-Frequency HIV-1 Drug Resistance Mutations and Risk of NNRTI-Based Antiretroviral Treatment Failure A Systematic Review and Pooled Analysis SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Review ID TREATMENT-NAIVE PATIENTS; REVERSE-TRANSCRIPTASE; MINORITY VARIANTS; INFECTED PATIENTS; THERAPY; ADHERENCE; EFAVIRENZ; IMPACT; TRANSMISSION; POPULATIONS AB Context Presence of low-frequency, or minority, human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) drug resistance mutations may adversely affect response to antiretroviral treatment (ART), but evidence regarding the effects of such mutations on the effectiveness of first-line ART is conflicting. Objective To evaluate the association of preexisting drug-resistant HIV-1 minority variants with risk of first-line nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI)-based antiretroviral virologic failure. Data Sources Systematic review of published and unpublished studies in PubMed (1966 through December 2010), EMBASE (1974 through December 2010), conference abstracts, and article references. Authors of all studies were contacted for detailed laboratory, ART, and adherence data. Study Selection and Data Abstraction Studies involving ART-naive participants initiating NNRTI-based regimens were included. Participants were included if all drugs in their ART regimen were fully active by standard HIV drug resistance testing. Cox proportional hazard models using pooled patient-level data were used to estimate the risk of virologic failure based on a Prentice weighted case-cohort analysis stratified by study. Data Synthesis Individual data from 10 studies and 985 participants were available for the primary analysis. Low-frequency drug resistance mutations were detected in 187 participants, including 117 of 808 patients in the cohort studies. Low-frequency HIV-1 drug resistance mutations were associated with an increased risk of virologic failure (hazard ratio (HR], 2.3 [95% confidence interval {CI}, 1.7-3.3]; P < .001) after controlling for medication adherence, race/ethnicity, baseline CD4 cell count, and plasma HIV-1 RNA levels. Increased risk of virologic failure was most strongly associated with minority variants resistant to NNRTIs (HR, 2.6 [95% CI, 1.9-3.5]; P < .001). Among participants from the cohort studies, 35% of those with detectable minority variants experienced virologic failure compared with 15% of those without minority variants. The presence of minority variants was associated with 2.5 to 3 times the risk of virologic failure at either 95% or greater or less than 95% overall medication adherence. A dose-dependent increased risk of virologic failure was found in participants with a higher proportion or quantity of drug-resistant variants. Conclusion In a pooled analysis, low-frequency HIV-1 drug resistance mutations, particularly involving NNRTI resistance, were significantly associated with a dose-dependent increased risk of virologic failure with first-line ART. JAMA. 2011;305(13):1327-1335 www.jama.com C1 [Li, Jonathan Z.; Kuritzkes, Daniel R.] Harvard Univ, Brigham & Womens Hosp, Sch Med, Sect Retroviral Therapeut, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Ribaudo, Heather J.] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Ctr Biostat AIDS Res, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Paredes, Roger] Hosp Badalona Germans Trias & Pujol, IrsiCaixa AIDS Res Inst, Badalona, Spain. [Paredes, Roger] Hosp Badalona Germans Trias & Pujol, Lluita SIDA Fdn, Badalona, Spain. [Svarovskaia, Evguenia S.; Miller, Michael D.] Gilead Sci Inc, Foster City, CA 94404 USA. [Metzner, Karin J.] Univ Zurich, Univ Zurich Hosp, Div Infect Dis, Zurich, Switzerland. [Metzner, Karin J.] Univ Zurich, Univ Zurich Hosp, Hosp Epidemiol, Zurich, Switzerland. [Kozal, Michael J.] Yale Univ, Sch Med, AIDS Program, New Haven, CT USA. [Kozal, Michael J.] VA Connecticut Healthcare Syst, New Haven, CT USA. [Hullsiek, Kathy Huppler] Univ Minnesota, Div Biostat, Minneapolis, MN USA. [Balduin, Melanie] Univ Cologne, Inst Virol, Cologne, Germany. [Jakobsen, Martin R.] Aarhus Univ, Dept Med Microbiol, Skejby, Denmark. [Jakobsen, Martin R.] Aarhus Univ, Dept Immunol, Skejby, Denmark. [Ostergaard, Lars] Aarhus Univ Hosp, Skejby, Denmark. [Geretti, Anna Maria] UCL, Sch Med, Dept Virol, London W1N 8AA, England. [Thiebaut, Rodolphe] Bordeaux Sch Publ Hlth, INSERM, Epidemiol & Biostat U897, Bordeaux, France. [Masquelier, Bernard] CHU Bordeaux, Virol Lab, Bordeaux, France. [Masquelier, Bernard] Univ Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France. [Johnson, Jeffrey A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Li, JZ (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Brigham & Womens Hosp, Sect Retroviral Therapeut, 65 Landsdowne St,Room 435, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. EM jli22@partners.org; dkuritzkes@partners.org RI Metzner, Karin/G-5319-2011; Infektiologie, USZ/A-6921-2011 OI Metzner, Karin/0000-0003-4862-1503; FU Bristol-Myers Squibb; Pfizer; Siemens; Merck; Boehringer Ingelheim; Gilead; Roche Diagnostics; GlaxoSmithKline; Tibotec; Abbott; ViiV; Janssen-Cilag; ViiV Healthcare; Avexa; Boehringer-Ingelheim; Human Genome Sciences; Oncolys; Tobira; Vertex; ViroStatistics; Harvard/MIT Health Sciences and Technology-Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center; Pfizer Inc; Merck Co; National Institutes of Health (NIH) [T32 AI07387]; European Commission [223131]; NIH (Statistical and Data Management Center of the AIDS Clinical Trials Group [ACTG]) [U01 AI068634]; NIH (Harvard University CFAR) [P30 AI060354]; Swiss National Science Foundation [324700-120793, CR32I2-127017]; Gilead Sciences; European Community [223131]; VA Merit Award; NIH [U01 AI 068636, K24 RR016482]; ACTG FX All authors have completed and submitted the ICMJE Form for Disclosure of Potential Conflicts of Interest. Dr Li reported receiving research support from Bristol-Myers Squibb and serving as a consultant for Tibotec. Dr Paredes reported having received consulting fees from Pfizer and grant support from Pfizer, Siemens, Merck, and Boehringer Ingelheim. Drs Svarovskaia and Miller are employees of, and report holding stock in, Gilead Sciences Inc. Dr Metzner reported receiving travel grants and honoraria from Gilead, Roche Diagnostics, GlaxoSmithKline, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Tibotec, and Abbott, and receiving a research grant from Gilead. Yale University receives grant support from Merck, Pfizer, Gilead, Abbott, ViiV, and Bristol-Myers Squibb for studies for which Dr Kozal serves as the principal investigator. Dr Kozal reported receiving royalties from patents owned by Stanford University for some human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) diagnostic tests. Dr Ostergaard reported receiving research grants from Tibotec, Roche, Bristol-Myers Squibb, GlaxoSmithKline, and Merck; educational grants from GlaxoSmithKline and Merck; and speaker's fees from Abbott, Tibotec, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Merck, and GlaxoSmithKline. Dr Masquelier reported receiving research grants from Pfizer and Janssen-Cilag and speaker's fees from Merck, Pfizer, Gilead, Janssen-Cilag, and ViiV Healthcare. Dr Kuritzkes reported serving as a consultant to and/or receiving research grant support from Abbott, Avexa, Boehringer-Ingelheim, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Gilead, GlaxoSmithKline, Human Genome Sciences, Merck, Oncolys, Pfizer, Roche, Siemens, Tobira, Vertex, ViroStatistics, and ViiV Healthcare. No other authors reported conflicts of interest relevant to this article.; Dr Li is supported by a Clinical Investigator Training Program Fellowship: Harvard/MIT Health Sciences and Technology-Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, in collaboration with Pfizer Inc and Merck & Co and by National Institutes of Health (NIH) grant T32 AI07387. Dr Paredes was partly supported by Collaborative HIV and Anti-HIV Drug Resistance Network (CHAIN) integrated project No. 223131, funded by the European Commission Framework 7 Program. Dr Ribaudo is supported in part by grants from NIH (Statistical and Data Management Center of the AIDS Clinical Trials Group [ACTG] U01 AI068634 and Harvard University CFAR P30 AI060354). Dr Metzner is supported by Swiss National Science Foundation grants 324700-120793 and CR32I2-127017, Gilead Sciences, and the European Community's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) under Collaborative HIV and Anti-HIV Drug Resistance Network (CHAIN) grant agreement No. 223131. Dr Kozal is supported by a VA Merit Award. Dr Huppler Hullsiek is supported in part by NIH grant U01 AI042170. Dr Kuritzkes is supported in part by grants from the NIH (U01 AI 068636, K24 RR016482) and an ACTG Virology Specialty Laboratory subcontract from the ACTG. NR 37 TC 173 Z9 176 U1 2 U2 27 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 330 N WABASH AVE, STE 39300, CHICAGO, IL 60611-5885 USA SN 0098-7484 EI 1538-3598 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD APR 6 PY 2011 VL 305 IS 13 BP 1327 EP 1335 DI 10.1001/jama.2011.375 PG 9 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 745JT UT WOS:000289162400022 PM 21467286 ER PT J AU Pearce, MB Belser, JA Houser, KV Katz, JM Tumpey, TM AF Pearce, Melissa B. Belser, Jessica A. Houser, Katherine V. Katz, Jacqueline M. Tumpey, Terrence M. TI Efficacy of seasonal live attenuated influenza vaccine against virus replication and transmission of a pandemic 2009 H1N1 virus in ferrets SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Live attenuated influenza vaccine; Influenza virus; Vaccination; Ferrets ID CROSS-PROTECTIVE IMMUNITY; H5N1 VIRUSES; A H1N1; CANDIDATE VACCINES; ANTIBODY-RESPONSE; LOCAL ANTIBODY; UNITED-STATES; INFECTION; MICE; HEMAGGLUTININ AB In March 2009, a swine origin influenza A (2009 H1N1) virus was introduced into the human population and quickly spread from North America to multiple continents. Human serologic studies suggest that seasonal influenza virus vaccination or infection would provide little cross-reactive serologic immunity to the pandemic 2009 H1N1 virus. However, the efficacy of seasonal influenza infection or vaccination against 2009 H1N1 virus replication and transmission has not been adequately evaluated in vivo. Here, ferrets received one or two doses of the US licensed 2008-2009 live attenuated influenza vaccine (LAIV) intranasally. An additional group of ferrets were inoculated with the A/Brisbane/59/07 (H1N1) virus to model immunity induced by seasonal influenza virus infection. All vaccinated and infected animals possessed high titer homologous hemagglutination-inhibition (HI) and neutralizing antibodies, with no demonstrable cross-reactive antibodies against 2009 H1N1 virus. However, in comparison to non-immune controls, immunized ferrets challenged with pandemic A/Mexico/4482/09 virus displayed a significant reduction in body temperature and virus shedding. The impact of single-dose LAIV inoculation on 2009 H1N1 disease and virus transmission was also measured in vaccinated ferrets that were challenged with pandemic A/Netherlands/1132/09 virus. Although a single dose of LAIV reduced virus shedding and the frequency of transmission following homologous seasonal virus challenge, it failed to reduce respiratory droplet transmission of 2009 H1N1 virus. The results demonstrate that prior immunization with seasonal LAIV or H1N1 virus infection provides some cross-protection against the 2009 H1N1 virus, but had no significant effect on the transmission efficiency of the 2009 H1N1 virus. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Pearce, Melissa B.; Belser, Jessica A.; Houser, Katherine V.; Katz, Jacqueline M.; Tumpey, Terrence M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunol & Pathogenesis Branch, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Houser, Katherine V.] Emory Univ, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Tumpey, TM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunol & Pathogenesis Branch, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS G16, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM tft9@cdc.gov RI Wei, Jianjian/F-7788-2011 OI Wei, Jianjian/0000-0001-8859-8462 NR 36 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD APR 5 PY 2011 VL 29 IS 16 BP 2887 EP 2894 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.02.014 PG 8 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 757CU UT WOS:000290062700012 PM 21338676 ER PT J AU Harris, K Maurer, J Black, C Euler, G Kadiyala, S AF Harris, Katherine Maurer, Juergen Black, Carla Euler, Gary Kadiyala, Srikanth TI Workplace efforts to promote influenza vaccination among healthcare personnel and their association with uptake during the 2009 pandemic influenza A (H1N1) SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Vaccination requirement; Vaccination mandate; Healthcare personnel; Healthcare worker; Influenza vaccination; H1N1; 2009 pandemic ID SEASONAL INFLUENZA; UNITED-STATES; WORKERS; RATES; HOSPITALIZATIONS; VACCINES; OUTBREAK; ADULTS AB Background: Survey data suggest that, in a typical year, less than half U.S. healthcare personnel (HCP) are vaccinated for influenza. We measured workplace efforts to promote influenza vaccination among HCP in the U.S. and their association with seasonal and pandemic vaccination during the 2009-10 influenza season. Methods: Self-reported survey data collected in June 2010 from eligible HCP (n=1714) participating in a nationally representative, online research panel. HCP eligible for participation in the survey were those reporting as patient care providers and/or working in a healthcare setting. The survey measured workplace exposure to vaccination recommendations, vaccination requirements, on-site vaccination, reminders, and/or rewards, and being vaccinated for seasonal or H1N1 influenza. Results: At least two-thirds of HCP were offered worksite influenza vaccination; about one half received reminders; and 10% were required to be vaccinated. Compared to HCP in other work settings, hospital employees were most (p < 0.001) likely to be the subject to efforts to promote vaccination. Vaccination requirements were associated with increases in seasonal and pandemic vaccination rates of between 31 and 49% points (p < 0.005). On-site vaccination was associated with increases in seasonal and pandemic vaccination of between 13 and 29% points (p < 0.05). Reminders and incentives were not associated with vaccination. Conclusions: Our findings provide empirical support for vaccination requirements as a strategy for increasing influenza vaccination among HCP. Our findings also suggest that making influenza vaccination available to HCP at work could increase uptake and highlight the need to reach beyond hospitals in promoting vaccination among HCP. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Harris, Katherine; Maurer, Juergen] RAND Corp, Arlington, VA USA. [Black, Carla; Euler, Gary] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Kadiyala, Srikanth] RAND Corp, Santa Monica, CA USA. RP Harris, K (reprint author), RAND Corp, 1200 S Hayes St, Arlington, VA USA. EM kharris@rand.org FU U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX This work was performed under contract with the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The authors have no specific financial interests, relationships, or affiliations that are relevant to the topic of influenza vaccination of healthcare personnel that constitute conflicts of interest. Dr. Jurgen Maurer analyzed the survey data presented in this manuscript. The authors are grateful for helpful comments from Arthur Kellermann and James Singleton and programming support from Rick Li. NR 33 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD APR 5 PY 2011 VL 29 IS 16 BP 2978 EP 2985 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.01.112 PG 8 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 757CU UT WOS:000290062700023 PM 21334387 ER PT J AU Liese, AD Bortsov, A Gunther, ALB Dabelea, D Reynolds, K Standiford, DA Liu, LN Williams, DE Mayer-Davis, EJ D'Agostino, RB Bell, R Marcovina, S AF Liese, Angela D. Bortsov, Andrey Guenther, Anke L. B. Dabelea, Dana Reynolds, Kristi Standiford, Debra A. Liu, Lenna Williams, Desmond E. Mayer-Davis, Elizabeth J. D'Agostino, Ralph B., Jr. Bell, Ronny Marcovina, Santica TI Association of DASH Diet With Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Youth With Diabetes Mellitus The SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth Study SO CIRCULATION LA English DT Article DE diabetes mellitus; lipids; lipoproteins; nutrition; youth ID BLOOD-PRESSURE; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; METABOLIC SYNDROME; HYPERTENSION DIET; APOLIPOPROTEIN-B; HEART-DISEASE; UNITED-STATES; ADOLESCENTS; TYPE-1; PREVALENCE AB Background-We have shown that adherence to the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet is related to blood pressure in youth with type 1 and type 2 diabetes mellitus. We explored the impact of the DASH diet on other cardiovascular disease risk factors. Methods and Results-Between 2001 and 2005, data on total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein particle density, apolipoprotein B, body mass index, waist circumference, and adipocytokines were ascertained in 2130 youth aged 10 to 22 years with physician-diagnosed diabetes mellitus. Dietary intake was assessed by food frequency questionnaire, categorized into the DASH food groups, and assigned an adherence score. Among youth with type 1 diabetes mellitus, higher adherence to the DASH diet was significantly and inversely associated with low-density lipoprotein/high-density lipoprotein ratio and A(1c) in multivariable-adjusted models. Youth in the highest adherence tertile had an estimated 0.07 lower low-density lipoprotein/high-density lipoprotein ratio and 0.2 lower A(1c) levels than those in the lowest tertile adjusted for confounders. No significant associations were observed with triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein particle density, adipocytokines, apolipoprotein B, body mass index Z score, or waist circumference. Among youth with type 2 diabetes mellitus, associations were observed with low-density lipoprotein particle density and body mass index Z score. Conclusions-The DASH dietary pattern may be beneficial in the prevention and management of cardiovascular disease risk in youth with diabetes mellitus. (Circulation. 2011;123:1410-1417.) C1 [Liese, Angela D.] Univ S Carolina, Ctr Res Nutr & Hlth Dispar, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. [Guenther, Anke L. B.] Fulda Univ Appl Sci, Fulda, Germany. [Dabelea, Dana] Univ Colorado, Denver, CO 80202 USA. [Reynolds, Kristi] Kaiser Permanente So Calif, Pasadena, CA USA. [Standiford, Debra A.] Childrens Hosp, Med Ctr, Cincinnati, OH 45229 USA. [Liu, Lenna] Seattle Childrens Hosp, Seattle, WA USA. [Williams, Desmond E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Mayer-Davis, Elizabeth J.] Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [D'Agostino, Ralph B., Jr.; Bell, Ronny] Wake Forest Univ, Winston Salem, NC 27109 USA. [Marcovina, Santica] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Liese, AD (reprint author), Univ S Carolina, Ctr Res Nutr & Hlth Dispar, 921 Assembly St, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. EM Liese@sc.edu RI Dagostino Jr, Ralph/C-4060-2017 OI Dagostino Jr, Ralph/0000-0002-3550-8395 FU Seattle Children's Hospital; University of Washington School of Medicine [M01RR00037, M01RR001271]; Colorado Pediatric General Clinical Research Center [M01 RR00069]; National Institutes of Health/National Center for Research Resources at the University of Cincinnati [1UL1RR026314-01]; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [00097, DP-05-069]; General Clinical Research Centers at the Medical University of South Carolina [M01 RR01070] FX The authors wish to acknowledge the involvement of the General Clinical Research Centers at the Medical University of South Carolina (grant M01 RR01070); Seattle Children's Hospital and the University of Washington School of Medicine (grants M01RR00037 and M01RR001271); Colorado Pediatric General Clinical Research Center (grant M01 RR00069); and the Institutional Clinical and Translational Science Award, National Institutes of Health/National Center for Research Resources at the University of Cincinnati (grant 1UL1RR026314-01). The SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth Study is funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (PA No. 00097 and DP-05-069) and supported by the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. Site contract numbers are as follows: Kaiser Permanente Southern California (U01 DP000246), University of Colorado Health Sciences Center (U01 DP000247), Pacific Health Research Institute (U01 DP000245), Children's Hospital Medical Center (Cincinnati) (U01 DP000248), University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (U01 DP000254), University of Washington School of Medicine (U01 DP000244), and Wake Forest University School of Medicine (U01 DP000250). The contents of this article are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. NR 37 TC 38 Z9 40 U1 1 U2 8 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0009-7322 EI 1524-4539 J9 CIRCULATION JI Circulation PD APR 5 PY 2011 VL 123 IS 13 BP 1410 EP 1417 DI 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.110.955922 PG 8 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 744FO UT WOS:000289080500014 PM 21422385 ER PT J AU Auld, AF Mbofana, F Shiraishi, RW Sanchez, M Alfredo, C Nelson, LJ Ellerbrock, T AF Auld, Andrew F. Mbofana, Francisco Shiraishi, Ray W. Sanchez, Mauro Alfredo, Charity Nelson, Lisa J. Ellerbrock, Tedd TI Four-Year Treatment Outcomes of Adult Patients Enrolled in Mozambique's Rapidly Expanding Antiretroviral Therapy Program SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA; RESOURCE-LIMITED SETTINGS; HIV-INFECTED ADULTS; SCALE-UP PROGRAMS; SOUTH-AFRICA; EARLY MORTALITY; FOLLOW-UP; PREVENTION INTERVENTIONS; SEXUAL-BEHAVIOR; COTRIMOXAZOLE PROPHYLAXIS AB Background: In Mozambique during 2004-2007 numbers of adult patients (>= 15 years old) enrolled on antiretroviral therapy (ART) increased about 16-fold, from <5,000 to 79,500. All ART patients were eligible for co-trimoxazole. ART program outcomes, and determinants of outcomes, have not yet been reported. Methodology/Principal Findings: In a retrospective cohort study, we investigated rates of mortality, attrition (death, loss to follow-up, or treatment cessation), immunologic treatment failure, and regimen-switch, as well as determinants of selected outcomes, among a nationally representative sample of 2,596 adults initiating ART during 2004-2007. At ART initiation, median age of patients was 34 and 62% were female. Malnutrition and advanced disease were common; 18% of patients weighed,45 kilograms, and 15% were WHO stage IV. Median baseline CD4(+) T-cell count was 153/mu L and was lower for males than females (139/mu L vs. 159/mu L, p<0.01). Stavudine, lamivudine, and nevirapine or efavirenz were prescribed to 88% of patients; only 31% were prescribed co-trimoxazole. Mortality and attrition rates were 3.4 deaths and 19.8 attritions per 100 patient-years overall, and 12.9 deaths and 57.2 attritions per 100 patient-years in the first 90 days. Predictors of attrition included male sex [adjusted hazard ratio (AHR) 1.5; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.3-1.8], weight,45 kg (AHR 2.1; 95% CI, 1.6-2.9, reference group >60 kg), WHO stage IV (AHR 1.7; 95% CI, 1.3-2.4, reference group WHO stage I/II), lack of cotrimoxazole prescription (AHR 1.4; 95% CI, 1.0-1.8), and later calendar year of ART initiation (AHR 1.5; 95% CI, 1.2-1.8). Rates of immunologic treatment failure and regimen-switch were 14.0 and 0.6 events per 100-patient years, respectively. Conclusions: ART initiation at earlier disease stages and scale-up of co-trimoxazole among ART patients could improve outcomes. Research to determine reasons for low regimen-switch rates and increasing rates of attrition during program expansion is needed. C1 [Auld, Andrew F.; Shiraishi, Ray W.; Ellerbrock, Tedd] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Div Global AIDS, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Mbofana, Francisco] Minist Hlth, Natl Inst Hlth, Maputo, Mozambique. [Sanchez, Mauro; Alfredo, Charity; Nelson, Lisa J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Div Global AIDS, Maputo, Mozambique. RP Auld, AF (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Div Global AIDS, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM aauld@cdc.gov OI Auld, Andrew/0000-0001-5089-9163 FU U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) FX All parts of this study were funded by the United States President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR, http://www.pepfar.gov/) through the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Authors employed by the CDC (Drs Auld, Shiraishi, Sanchez, Alfredo, Nelson, and Ellerbrock) contributed substantially to all parts of the study and writing of the manuscript. NR 76 TC 56 Z9 56 U1 0 U2 1 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD APR 4 PY 2011 VL 6 IS 4 AR e18453 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0018453 PG 10 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 743ZC UT WOS:000289058700029 PM 21483703 ER PT J AU Wolitski, RJ Fenton, KA AF Wolitski, Richard J. Fenton, Kevin A. TI Sexual Health, HIV, and Sexually Transmitted Infections among Gay, Bisexual, and Other Men Who Have Sex with Men in the United States SO AIDS AND BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article DE Homosexuality, male; Sexuality; HIV infections/epidemiology; Sexually transmitted diseases/epidemiology; Health promotion; Health policy ID TRANSMISSION RISK BEHAVIOR; CARE PROVIDERS TALKING; SEROPOSITIVE MEN; GENITAL HERPES; WESTERN-EUROPE; POSITIVE MEN; LYMPHOGRANULOMA-VENEREUM; SYPHILIS ELIMINATION; PSYCHOSOCIAL IMPACT; HOMOSEXUAL-MEN AB The sexual health of gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (MSM) in the United States is not getting better despite considerable social, political and human rights advances. Instead of improving, HIV and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) remain disproportionately high among MSM and have been increasing for almost two decades. The disproportionate and worsening burden of HIV and other STIs among MSM requires an urgent re-assessment of what we have been doing as a nation to reduce these infections, how we have been doing it, and the scale of our efforts. A sexual health approach has the potential to improve our understanding of MSM's sexual behavior and relationships, reduce HIV and STI incidence, and improve the health and well-being of MSM. C1 [Wolitski, Richard J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Fenton, Kevin A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Wolitski, RJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, 1600 Clifton RD NE E-35, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM RWolitski@cdc.gov NR 117 TC 50 Z9 51 U1 6 U2 21 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1090-7165 J9 AIDS BEHAV JI AIDS Behav. PD APR PY 2011 VL 15 SU 1 BP S9 EP S17 DI 10.1007/s10461-011-9901-6 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences, Biomedical SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Biomedical Social Sciences GA 814EG UT WOS:000294428800002 PM 21331797 ER PT J AU Jordan, RA Dolan, MC Piesman, J Schulze, TL AF Jordan, Robert A. Dolan, Marc C. Piesman, Joseph Schulze, Terry L. TI Suppression of Host-Seeking Ixodes Scapularis and Amblyomma Americanum (Acari: Ixodidae) Nymphs After Dual Applications of Plant-Derived Acaricides in New Jersey SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Ixodes scapularis; Amblyomma americanum; nootkatone; carvacrol; EcoSMART ID FOREST FLOOR ARTHROPODS; LYME-DISEASE; SAMPLING METHODS; TICKS; PREVENTION; ABUNDANCE; DAMMINI; AREA; RISK; DEER AB We evaluated the ability of dual applications of natural, plant-derived acaricides to suppress nymphal Ixodes scapularis Say and Amblyomma americanum (L.) (Acari: Ixodidae) in a Lyme disease endemic area of New Jersey. Anaqueous formulation of 2% nootkatone provided >90% control of I. scapularis through 7 d. Control declined to 80.9% at 14 d, and a second application was made that provided >95% control through the remaining 4 wk of the nymphal season. Nootkatone provided >90% control of A. americanum through 35 d postapplication. Applications of 2% carvacrol and EcoTrol T&O resulted in rapid knockdown of both tick species, but control declined significantly to 76.7 and 73.7%, respectively, after 14 d when a second application was made that extended control of both tick species to between 86.2 and 94.8% at 21 d. Subsequently, control declined steadily in all plots by 42 d postapplication except for I. scapularis in carvacrol-treated plots, where levels of control >90% were observed through 35 d. Of the three compounds tested, 2% nootkatone provided the most consistent results, with 96.5 and 91.9% control of I. scapularis and A. americanum through 42 and 35 d, respectively. The ability of plant-derived natural products to quickly suppress and maintain significant control of populations of these medically important ticks may represent a future alternative to the use of conventional synthetic acaricides. In addition, the demonstrated efficacy of properly-timed backpack sprayer application may enable homeowner access to these minimal-risk acaricides. C1 [Jordan, Robert A.; Schulze, Terry L.] Freehold Area Hlth Dept, Freehold, NJ 07728 USA. [Dolan, Marc C.; Piesman, Joseph] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, Publ Hlth Serv,US Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Schulze, Terry L.] Terry L Schulze PhD Inc, Perrineville, NJ 08535 USA. RP Jordan, RA (reprint author), Freehold Area Hlth Dept, 1 Municipal Plaza, Freehold, NJ 07728 USA. EM rajordanphd@optimum.net FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [1U01CK000105-1]; Freehold Township, NJ [1U01CK000105-1]; Department of Defense [ZAJS DWFP 373744] FX We thank Patricia Chizmadia, Ray Green, Eric Helms, and John Buble (NWS Earle); Ken Thoman (Monmouth County Park System) and Victor Huhn (MCRC) for continued support. We also thank EcoSMART Technologies, Inc. for providing acaricide. The current research was supported by cooperative agreement 1U01CK000105-1 between the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and Freehold Township, NJ, and funding awarded to M.C.D. (ZAJS DWFP 373744), through the Department of Defense, Deployed Weapons Fighter Protection Program. NR 25 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 7 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0022-0493 J9 J ECON ENTOMOL JI J. Econ. Entomol. PD APR PY 2011 VL 104 IS 2 BP 659 EP 664 DI 10.1603/EC10340 PG 6 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 810HM UT WOS:000294116400044 PM 21510219 ER PT J AU Laudisoit, A Iverson, J Neerinckx, S Shako, JC Nsabimana, JMM Kersh, G Kosoy, M Zeidner, N AF Laudisoit, Anne Iverson, Jennifer Neerinckx, Simon Shako, Jean-Christophe Nsabimana, Jean-Marie Mafuko Kersh, Gilbert Kosoy, Michael Zeidner, Nordin TI Human seroreactivity against Bartonella species in the Democratic Republic of Congo SO ASIAN PACIFIC JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE Bartonella; Democratic Republic of Congo; Serology; Human ID FLEAS; HENSELAE; SPP. AB Objective: To assess the presence and identity of Bartonella species in a pool of human blood samples from DRC Congo. Methods: Blood ( 120 c L) was collected anonymously from Congolese patients and placed on calibrated filter papers. Bartonella serology determination was performed using an indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA) against six specific Bartonella antigens and Coxiella burnetii (C. burnetii) antigen. The end cut off value for Bartonella sp. was a titre greater than 1:200. Results: None of the patients was positive for Bartonella elizabethae, Bartonella vinsonii subsp. vinsonii or Bartonella vinsonii subsp. arupensis nor for C. burnetti, but 4.5% of the 155 samples were positive for either Bartonella henselae, Bartonella quintana, or Bartonella clarridgeiae. Conclusions: This preliminary study presents the first report of Bartonella species in the DR Congo and the first report of antibodies to Bartonella clarridgeiae in an African human population. Although few experimental trials have established the link between fleas and Bartonella transmission, the repeated detection of similar Bartonella species in fleas and humans in several countries suggests that Bartonellosis could be another flea borne disease which specific reservoirs are still unknown. C1 [Laudisoit, Anne] Univ Liverpool, Inst Integrat Biol, Liverpool L69 7ZB, Merseyside, England. [Laudisoit, Anne; Neerinckx, Simon] Univ Antwerp, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium. [Iverson, Jennifer; Kosoy, Michael; Zeidner, Nordin] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Neerinckx, Simon] Katholieke Univ Leuven, B-3001 Heverlee, Belgium. [Shako, Jean-Christophe] Med Reference Lab, Bunia, Congo. [Kersh, Gilbert] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Laudisoit, A (reprint author), Univ Liverpool, Inst Integrat Biol, Biosci Bldg, Liverpool L69 7ZB, Merseyside, England. EM Anne.Laudisoit@liverpool.ac.uk RI Laudisoit, Anne/F-2646-2017 OI Laudisoit, Anne/0000-0001-7626-9426 FU Belgian Funds for Scientific Research (FNRS); Agriculture and Industry (FRIA) FX This study was supported by a Belgian Funds for Scientific Research (FNRS) grant. The authors thank the Belgian Funds for research in Agriculture and Industry (FRIA) and Dr. Eric Bertherat (WHO), for financial assistance and logistical support in the field. NR 11 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1995-7645 J9 ASIAN PAC J TROP MED JI Asian Pac. J. Trop. Med. PD APR PY 2011 VL 4 IS 4 BP 320 EP 322 DI 10.1016/S1995-7645(11)60094-1 PG 3 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 809SU UT WOS:000294077800014 PM 21771478 ER PT J AU Johannsson, B Beekmann, SE Srinivasan, A Hersh, AL Laxminarayan, R Polgreen, PM AF Johannsson, Birgir Beekmann, Susan E. Srinivasan, Arjun Hersh, Adam L. Laxminarayan, Ramanan Polgreen, Philip M. CA Infect Dis Soc Amer TI Improving Antimicrobial Stewardship: The Evolution of Programmatic Strategies and Barriers SO INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID INFECTIOUS-DISEASES SOCIETY; HEALTH-CARE EPIDEMIOLOGY; INSTITUTIONAL PROGRAM; AMERICA GUIDELINES; ECONOMIC OUTCOMES; PATIENT SAFETY; US HOSPITALS; RESISTANCE; IMPACT; ANTIBIOTICS AB OBJECTIVE. To describe the prevalence and characteristics of antimicrobial stewardship programs (ASPs) in hospitals across the United States and to describe financial support provided for these programs. DESIGN. Electronic and paper 14-question survey of infectious diseases physician members of the Infectious Diseases Society of America Emerging Infections Network (IDSA EIN). PARTICIPANTS. All 1,044 IDSA EIN members who care for adult patients were invited to participate. RESULTS. Five hundred twenty-two (50%) members responded. Seventy-three percent of respondents reported that their institutions had or were planning an ASP, compared with 50% reporting the same thing in an EIN survey 10 years before. A shift was noted from formulary restriction alone to use of a set of tailored strategies designed to provide information and feedback to prescribers, particularly in community hospitals. Lack of funding and lack of personnel were reported as major barriers to implementing a program. Fifty-two percent of respondents with an ASP reported that infectious diseases physicians do not receive direct compensation for their participation in the ASP, compared with 18% 10 years ago. CONCLUSIONS. The percentage of institutions reporting ASPs has increased over the last decade, although small community hospitals were least likely to have these programs. In addition, ASP strategies have shifted dramatically. Lack of funding remains a key barrier for ASPs, and administrators need additional cost savings data in order to support ASPs. Interestingly, while guidelines and editorials regard compensated participation by an infectious diseases physician in these programs as critical, we found that more than half of the respondents reported no direct compensation for ASP activities. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2011; 32(4):367-374 C1 [Johannsson, Birgir; Beekmann, Susan E.; Polgreen, Philip M.] Univ Iowa, Carver Coll Med, Iowa City, IA USA. [Srinivasan, Arjun] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. [Hersh, Adam L.] Univ Utah, Dept Pediat, Salt Lake City, UT USA. [Laxminarayan, Ramanan] Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. [Laxminarayan, Ramanan] Ctr Dis Dynam Econ & Policy, Washington, DC USA. [Polgreen, Philip M.] Univ Iowa, Coll Publ Hlth, Iowa City, IA USA. RP Beekmann, SE (reprint author), SW34J Gen Hosp, Dept Internal Med, 200 Hawkins Dr, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. EM susan-beekmann@uiowa.edu FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [U50 CCU112346]; Robert Wood Johnson Foundation [U50 CCU112346] FX This publication was supported by Grant/Cooperative Agreement U50 CCU112346 from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation's Pioneer Portfolio through the Extending the Cure Project. NR 33 TC 57 Z9 59 U1 2 U2 13 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0899-823X J9 INFECT CONT HOSP EP JI Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol. PD APR PY 2011 VL 32 IS 4 BP 367 EP 374 DI 10.1086/658946 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 790UO UT WOS:000292614900008 PM 21460488 ER PT J AU Cokes, C France, AM Reddy, V Hanson, H Lee, L Kornstein, L Stavinsky, F Balter, S AF Cokes, Carolyn France, Anne Marie Reddy, Vasudha Hanson, Heather Lee, Lillian Kornstein, Laura Stavinsky, Faina Balter, Sharon TI Serving High-Risk Foods in a High-Risk Setting: Survey of Hospital Food Service Practices after an Outbreak of Listeriosis in a Hospital SO INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID TRANSPLANT RECIPIENTS; MONOCYTOGENES; GROWTH; TEMPERATURES; SURVEILLANCE AB BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES. Prepared ready-to-eat salads and ready-to-eat delicatessen-style meats present a high risk for Listeria contamination. Because no foodborne illness risk management guidelines exist specifically for US hospitals, a survey of New York City (NYC) hospitals was conducted to characterize policies and practices after a listeriosis outbreak occurred in a NYC hospital. METHODS. From August through October 2008, a listeriosis outbreak in a NYC hospital was investigated. From February through April 2009, NYC's 61 acute-care hospitals were asked to participate in a telephone survey regarding food safety practices and policies, specifically service of high-risk foods to patients at increased risk for listeriosis. RESULTS. Five patients with medical conditions that put them at high risk for listeriosis had laboratory-confirmed Listeria monocytogenes infection. The Listeria outbreak strain was isolated from tuna salad prepared in the hospital. Fifty-four (89%) of 61 hospitals responded to the survey. Overall, 81% of respondents reported serving ready-to-eat deli meats to patients, and 100% reported serving prepared ready-to-eat salads. Pregnant women, patients receiving immunosuppressive drugs, and patients undergoing chemotherapy were served readyto- eat deli meats at 77%, 59%, and 49% of hospitals, respectively, and were served prepared ready-to-eat salads at 94%, 89%, and 73% of hospitals, respectively. Only 4 (25%) of 16 respondents reported having a policy that ready-to-eat deli meats must be heated until steaming hot before serving. CONCLUSIONS. Despite the potential for severe outcomes of Listeria infection among hospitalized patients, the majority of NYC hospitals had no food preparation policies to minimize risk. Hospitals should implement policies to avoid serving high-risk foods to patients at risk for listeriosis. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 2011;32(4):380-386 C1 [Cokes, Carolyn; France, Anne Marie; Reddy, Vasudha; Hanson, Heather; Balter, Sharon] New York City Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, Bur Communicable Dis, New York, NY USA. [France, Anne Marie] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Off Workforce & Career Dev, Atlanta, GA USA. [Lee, Lillian; Kornstein, Laura] New York City Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, Publ Hlth Lab, New York, NY USA. [Stavinsky, Faina] New York City Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, Environm Hlth Serv, New York, NY USA. RP Reddy, V (reprint author), 125 Worth St,CN22A,Room 218, New York, NY 10013 USA. EM vreddy@health.nyc.gov NR 23 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 2 U2 12 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0899-823X J9 INFECT CONT HOSP EP JI Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol. PD APR PY 2011 VL 32 IS 4 BP 380 EP 386 DI 10.1086/658943 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 790UO UT WOS:000292614900010 PM 21460490 ER PT J AU Hoffman, RM Espey, D Rhyne, RL AF Hoffman, Richard M. Espey, David Rhyne, Robert L. TI A public-health perspective on screening colonoscopy SO EXPERT REVIEW OF ANTICANCER THERAPY LA English DT Review DE colonoscopy; colorectal neoplasms; complications; early detection of cancer; evidence-based medicine; gastroenterology; healthcare; patient preference; quality indicators; utilization ID FECAL-OCCULT-BLOOD; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; PRIMARY-CARE PHYSICIANS; SERVICES TASK-FORCE; COLORECTAL-CANCER; FLEXIBLE SIGMOIDOSCOPY; UNITED-STATES; COST-EFFECTIVENESS; OUTPATIENT COLONOSCOPY; ENDOSCOPIC CAPACITY AB Colorectal cancer is an important global health problem. Randomized trials have shown that screening programs can reduce both colorectal cancer incidence and mortality, and guidelines strongly support screening. Nevertheless, screening rates are relatively low and concerted efforts are being made to increase screening uptake. Many guidelines and practitioners have come to view colonoscopy as the optimal screening strategy. Colonoscopy provides both a gold-standard diagnostic test and, with polypectomy, a therapeutic intervention that can prevent cancer. However, from a public-health perspective, emphasizing colonoscopy is problematic. The efficacy of colonoscopy has not been supported with randomized trial data, accuracy is imperfect, procedural quality is variable, complications are not uncommon, endoscopic capacity is limited, procedure costs are high, and many patients prefer alternative tests. Successful screening programs will need to provide a range of screening modalities and ensure that endoscopic resources are used efficiently. C1 [Hoffman, Richard M.] New Mexico VA Hlth Care Syst, Med Serv, Albuquerque, NM 87108 USA. [Hoffman, Richard M.] Univ New Mexico, Sch Med, Dept Med, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Espey, David] Albuquerque Area Indian Hlth Serv, Albuquerque, NM USA. [Espey, David] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Rhyne, Robert L.] Univ New Mexico, Sch Med, Dept Family & Community Med, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. RP Hoffman, RM (reprint author), New Mexico VA Hlth Care Syst, Med Serv, 1501 San Pedro Dr SE,Mailstop 111, Albuquerque, NM 87108 USA. EM rhoffman@unm.edu NR 86 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU EXPERT REVIEWS PI LONDON PA UNITEC HOUSE, 3RD FL, 2 ALBERT PLACE, FINCHLEY CENTRAL, LONDON N3 1QB, ENGLAND SN 1473-7140 J9 EXPERT REV ANTICANC JI Expert Rev. Anticancer Ther PD APR PY 2011 VL 11 IS 4 BP 561 EP 569 DI 10.1586/ERA.11.16 PG 9 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 780GD UT WOS:000291841600013 PM 21504323 ER PT J AU Sleet, DA Baldwin, G Dellinger, A Dinh-Zarr, B AF Sleet, David A. Baldwin, Grant Dellinger, Ann Dinh-Zarr, Bella TI The Decade of Action for Global Road Safety SO JOURNAL OF SAFETY RESEARCH LA English DT Article C1 [Sleet, David A.; Baldwin, Grant; Dellinger, Ann] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Unintent Injury Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Dinh-Zarr, Bella] FIA Fdn & Make Roads Safe, Washington, DC USA. RP Sleet, DA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Unintent Injury Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM dds6@cdc.gov NR 5 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-4375 J9 J SAFETY RES JI J. Saf. Res. PD APR PY 2011 VL 42 IS 2 BP 147 EP 148 DI 10.1016/j.jsr.2011.02.001 PG 2 WC Ergonomics; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary; Transportation SC Engineering; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences - Other Topics; Transportation GA 777MG UT WOS:000291624700010 PM 21569898 ER PT J AU Park, BJ Shetty, S Ahlquist, A Greenbaum, A Miller, JL Motsi, A McCarthy, K Govender, N AF Park, B. J. Shetty, S. Ahlquist, A. Greenbaum, A. Miller, J. L. Motsi, A. McCarthy, K. Govender, N. CA Gauteng Cryptococcal Surveillance TI Long-term follow-up and survival of antiretroviral-naive patients with cryptococcal meningitis in the pre-antiretroviral therapy era, Gauteng Province, South Africa SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF STD & AIDS LA English DT Article DE cryptococcal meningitis; survival; cryptococcosis; HIV; AIDS; Cryptococcus; South Africa ID RECONSTITUTION INFLAMMATORY SYNDROME; HIV-ASSOCIATED CRYPTOCOCCOSIS; INFECTED PATIENTS; AIDS; EPIDEMIOLOGY; POPULATION; SURVEILLANCE; FLUCYTOSINE; FLUCONAZOLE; ZIMBABWE AB Cryptococcal meningitis (CM) is a major cause of death among HIV-infected persons in sub-Saharan Africa. We conducted a study to describe the long-term outcomes during the pre-antiretroviral post-ART therapy period. Enrolled cases were those detected through population-based surveillance in Gauteng Province, South Africa, and diagnosed during March-November 2002 and July-September 2003 from eight large hospitals representing academic, provincial and rural settings. Of 1089 case-patients diagnosed with CM, 721 (70%) survived to discharge. Among the 256 with follow-up information, 154 (60%) were established to have died, 44% of whom died as outpatients. Overall, the 14- and 90-day survival post-diagnosis was 68% and 41%, respectively. On Cox proportional hazards multivariable analysis, severe disease was associated with shorter survival time; having received any antifungal treatment for the cryptococcal episode was associated with increased survival time at follow-up. Although most patients in this cohort survived the initial hospitalization, only 41% were still alive three months after diagnosis, with nearly half of deaths occurring outside a hospital. These data are an important baseline from which to measure effectiveness of public health management of CM in South Africa. C1 [Park, B. J.; Shetty, S.; Ahlquist, A.; Greenbaum, A.; Miller, J. L.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mycot Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [McCarthy, K.] Univ Witwatersrand, Reprod Hlth & HIV Res Unit, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Govender, N.] Univ Witwatersrand, Fac Hlth Sci, Johannesburg, South Africa. RP Park, BJ (reprint author), 1600 Clifton Rd,MS C-09, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM bpark1@cdc.gov RI Miller, Jessica/D-9244-2011 FU Pfizer FX Gauteng Surveillance Initiative Group. The findings and conclusions in this presentation/report are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. This information is distributed solely for the purpose of predissemination peer review under applicable information quality guidelines. It has not been formally disseminated by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. It does not represent and should not be construed to represent any agency determination or policy. This study was conducted while authors were under employment by the USA Government, and the National Health Laboratory Service, South Africa; Pfizer provided funding for travel and salary of a follow-up nurse for a period of five months. NR 24 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 3 PU ROYAL SOC MEDICINE PRESS LTD PI LONDON PA 1 WIMPOLE STREET, LONDON W1G 0AE, ENGLAND SN 0956-4624 J9 INT J STD AIDS JI Int. J. STD AIDS PD APR PY 2011 VL 22 IS 4 BP 199 EP 203 DI 10.1258/ijsa.2010.010235 PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 773FK UT WOS:000291292200005 PM 21515751 ER PT J AU Wang, X Mair, R Hatcher, C Theodore, MJ Edmond, K Wu, HM Harcourt, BH Carvalho, MDS Pimenta, F Nymadawa, P Altantsetseg, D Kirsch, M Satola, SW Cohn, A Messonnier, NE Mayer, LW AF Wang, Xin Mair, Raydel Hatcher, Cynthia Theodore, M. Jordan Edmond, Karen Wu, Henry M. Harcourt, Brian H. Carvalho, Maria da Gloria S. Pimenta, Fabiana Nymadawa, Pagbajab Altantsetseg, Dorjpurev Kirsch, Mariah Satola, Sarah W. Cohn, Amanda Messonnier, Nancy E. Mayer, Leonard W. TI Detection of bacterial pathogens in Mongolia meningitis surveillance with a new real-time PCR assay to detect Haemophilus influenzae SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Real-time PCR; Haemophilus influenzae; Bacterial meningitis; Surveillance; Diagnosis ID PROTEIN-D; STREPTOCOCCUS-PNEUMONIAE; NEISSERIA-MENINGITIDIS; STRAINS; IDENTIFICATION; HAEMOLYTICUS; EPIDEMIOLOGY; PREVENTION; SAMPLES; GENES AB Since the implementation of Haemophilus influenzae (Hi) serotype b vaccine, other serotypes and non-typeable strains have taken on greater importance as a cause of Hi diseases. A rapid and accurate method is needed to detect all Hi regardless of the encapsulation status. We developed 2 real-time PCR (rt-PCR) assays to detect specific regions of the protein D gene (hpd). Both hpd assays are very specific and sensitive for detection of Hi. Of the 63 non-Hi isolates representing 21 bacterial species, none was detected by the hpd #1 assay, and only one of 2 H. aphrophilus isolates was detected by the hpd #3 assay. The hpd #1 and #3 assays detected 97% (229/237) and 99% (234/237) of Hi isolates, respectively, and were superior for detection of both typeable and non-typeable Hi isolates, as compared to previously developed rt-PCR targeting ompP2 or bexA. The diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of these rt-PCR assays were assessed on cerebrospinal fluid specimens collected as part of meningitis surveillance in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia. The etiology (Neisseria meningitidis, Hi, and Streptococcus pneumoniae) of 111 suspected meningitis cases was determined by conventional methods (culture and latex agglutination), previously developed rt-PCR assays, and the new hpd assays. The rt-PCR assays were more sensitive for detection of meningitis pathogens than other classical methods and improved detection from 50% (56/111) to 75% (83/111). The hpd #3 assay identified a non-b Hi that was missed by the bexA assay and other methods. A sensitive rt-PCR assay to detect both typeable and non-typeable Hi is a useful tool for improving Hi disease surveillance especially after Hib vaccine introduction. Published by Elsevier GmbH. C1 [Wang, Xin; Mair, Raydel; Hatcher, Cynthia; Theodore, M. Jordan; Wu, Henry M.; Harcourt, Brian H.; Cohn, Amanda; Messonnier, Nancy E.; Mayer, Leonard W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Meningitis & Vaccine Preventable Dis Branch, Div Bacterial Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Edmond, Karen] London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, Infect Dis Epidemiol Unit, London, England. [Carvalho, Maria da Gloria S.; Pimenta, Fabiana] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Resp Dis Branch, Div Bacterial Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Nymadawa, Pagbajab; Altantsetseg, Dorjpurev] Minist Hlth, Natl Ctr Communicable Dis, Ulaanbaatar, Mongol Peo Rep. [Satola, Sarah W.] Emory Univ, Dept Med, Sch Med, Atlanta, GA 30324 USA. RP Wang, X (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Meningitis Lab, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS D-11, Atlanta, GA 30033 USA. EM xwang2@cdc.gov NR 39 TC 43 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 17 PU ELSEVIER GMBH, URBAN & FISCHER VERLAG PI JENA PA OFFICE JENA, P O BOX 100537, 07705 JENA, GERMANY SN 1438-4221 J9 INT J MED MICROBIOL JI Int. J. Med. Microbiol. PD APR PY 2011 VL 301 IS 4 BP 303 EP 309 DI 10.1016/j.ijmm.2010.11.004 PG 7 WC Microbiology; Virology SC Microbiology; Virology GA 765GS UT WOS:000290694000004 PM 21276750 ER PT J AU Ruder, AM Yiin, JH AF Ruder, Avima M. Yiin, James H. TI Mortality of US pentachlorophenol production workers through 2005 SO CHEMOSPHERE LA English DT Article DE Pentachlorophenol; Cohort mortality; Occupational exposure; Cancer; Non-Hodgkin lymphoma ID SOFT-TISSUE SARCOMA; NON-HODGKINS-LYMPHOMA; OXIDATIVE STRESS; NEW-ZEALAND; CANCER MORTALITY; EXPOSURE MATRIX; WOOD DUST; CHLOROPHENOLS; RISK; DIOXINS AB A cohort of 2122 US pentachlorophenol (PCP) production workers from four plants in the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health Dioxin Registry was exposed to PCP and to polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxin and dibenzofuran contaminants of PCP production. A subcohort of 720 was also exposed to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzodioxin, a contaminant of trichlorophenol (TCP) while using TCP or a TCP derivative. PCP and several production contaminants have been implicated as animal carcinogens. A priori hypotheses were that the cohort would have elevated standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) for aplastic anemia, soft-tissue sarcoma, and non-Hodgkin lymphoma, as suggested by human studies, and for leukemia and liver, adrenal, thyroid, and parathyroid cancer, as suggested by animal studies. From 1940 to 2005 1165 deaths occurred with an overall SMR of 1.01 [95% confidence limits (Cl), 0.95-1.07]. Overall cancer mortality (326 deaths, SMR 1.17, Cl 1.05-1.31) was in statistically significant excess. There were excess deaths for trachea, bronchus and lung cancers (126 deaths, SMR 1.36, Cl 1.13-1.62), non-Hodgkin lymphoma (17 deaths, SMR 1.77, Cl 1.03-2.84), chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (63 deaths, SMR 1.38, Cl 1.06-1.77), and medical complications (5 deaths, SMR 3.52, Cl 1.14-8.22). In race-and sex-specific analyses, white males had increased non-Hodgkin lymphoma mortality (17 deaths, SMR 1.98, Cl 1.15-3.17) and males of other races had increased leukemia mortality (four deaths, SMR 4.57, Cl 1.25-11.7). The excess of cancers of a priori interest, non-Hodgkin lymphoma and leukemia, provide some support for the carcinogenicity of PCP, however, further studies with more detailed exposure assessment are needed. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Ruder, Avima M.; Yiin, James H.] NIOSH, CDC, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. RP Ruder, AM (reprint author), NIOSH, CDC, Mailstop R-16,4676 Columbia Pkwy, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM aruder@cdc.gov RI Ruder, Avima/I-4155-2012 OI Ruder, Avima/0000-0003-0419-6664 FU US National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, CDC FX This research was supported by operating funds of the US National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, CDC. The authors thank Marilyn Fingerhut, Marie Sweeney, Laurie Piacitelli, Dave Marlow, and extramural reviewers for their comments. NR 69 TC 26 Z9 29 U1 2 U2 17 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0045-6535 J9 CHEMOSPHERE JI Chemosphere PD APR PY 2011 VL 83 IS 6 BP 851 EP 861 DI 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2011.02.064 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 762US UT WOS:000290507600015 PM 21440286 ER PT J AU Janssens, ACJW Ioannidis, JPA van Duijn, CM Little, J Khoury, MJ AF Janssens, A. Cecile J. W. Ioannidis, John P. A. van Duijn, Cornelia M. Little, Julian Khoury, Muin J. CA GRIPS Grp TI Strengthening the reporting of genetic risk prediction studies: the GRIPS statement SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Genetic; Risk prediction; Methodology; Guidelines; Reporting ID EPIDEMIOLOGY; MARKER; RECOMMENDATIONS; ASSOCIATION; ELABORATION; EXPLANATION; GUIDELINES; STROBE; CURVE AB The rapid and continuing progress in gene discovery for complex diseases is fueling interest in the potential application of genetic risk models for clinical and public health practice. The number of studies assessing the predictive ability is steadily increasing, but the quality and completeness of reporting varies. A multidisciplinary workshop sponsored by the Human Genome Epidemiology Network developed a checklist of 25 items recommended for strengthening the reporting of Genetic RIsk Prediction Studies (GRIPS), building on the principles established by prior reporting guidelines. These recommendations aim to enhance the transparency of study reporting, and thereby to improve the synthesis and application of information from multiple studies that might differ in design, conduct, or analysis. A detailed Explanation and Elaboration document is published. C1 [Janssens, A. Cecile J. W.; van Duijn, Cornelia M.] Erasmus MC, Dept Epidemiol, Rotterdam, Netherlands. [Ioannidis, John P. A.] Univ Ioannina, Sch Med, Dept Hyg & Epidemiol, GR-45110 Ioannina, Greece. [Ioannidis, John P. A.] Fdn Res & Technol, Biomed Res Inst, Ioannina, Greece. [Ioannidis, John P. A.] Tufts Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Ioannidis, John P. A.] Tufts Med Ctr, Inst Clin Res & Hlth Policy Studies, Ctr Genet Epidemiol & Modeling, Boston, MA USA. [Ioannidis, John P. A.] Tufts Med Ctr, Inst Clin Res & Hlth Policy Studies, Tufts CTSI, Boston, MA USA. [Ioannidis, John P. A.] Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Stanford Prevent Res Ctr, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Little, Julian] Univ Ottawa, Dept Epidemiol & Community Med, Ottawa, ON, Canada. [Khoury, Muin J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Publ Hlth Genom, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Janssens, ACJW (reprint author), Erasmus MC, Dept Epidemiol, Rotterdam, Netherlands. EM a.janssens@erasmusmc.nl RI Ioannidis, John/G-9836-2011; janssens, cecile/L-1075-2015; OI Janssens, A Cecile/0000-0002-6153-4976 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam; Center for Medical Systems Biology in the framework of the Netherlands Genomics Initiative (NGI); Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO); National Institutes of Health/National Center for Research Resources [UL1 RR025752] FX The members of the GRIPS group are: A. Cecile J. W. Janssens, John P. A. Ioannidis, Sara Bedrosian, Paolo Boffetta, Siobhan M. Dolan, Nicole Dowling, Isabel Fortier, Andrew N. Freedman, Jeremy M. Grimshaw, Jeffrey Gulcher, Marta Gwinn, Mark A. Hlatky, Holly Janes, Peter Kraft, Stephanie Melillo, Christopher J. O'Donnell, Michael J. Pencina, David Ransohoff, Sheri D. Schully, Daniela Seminara, Deborah M. Winn, Caroline F. Wright, Cornelia M. van Duijn, Julian Little, and Muin J. Khoury. Workshop was sponsored by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention on behalf of the Human Genome Epidemiology Network (HuGENet). The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the Department of Health and Human Services. A. Cecile J. W. Janssens is financially supported by grants from the Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, the Center for Medical Systems Biology in the framework of the Netherlands Genomics Initiative (NGI) and the VIDI grant of the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO). John P. A. Ioannidis: Tufts CTSI is supported by the National Institutes of Health/National Center for Research Resources (UL1 RR025752). Opinions in this paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position or policies of the Tufts CTSI. Julian Little holds a Canada Research Chair in Human Genome Epidemiology. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 26 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0393-2990 J9 EUR J EPIDEMIOL JI Eur. J. Epidemiol. PD APR PY 2011 VL 26 IS 4 BP 255 EP 259 DI 10.1007/s10654-011-9552-y PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 760ON UT WOS:000290333700002 PM 21431409 ER PT J AU Janssens, ACJW Ioannidis, JPA Bedrosian, S Boffetta, P Dolan, SM Dowling, N Fortier, I Freedman, AN Grimshaw, JM Gulcher, J Gwinn, M Hlatky, MA Janes, H Kraft, P Melillo, S O'Donnell, CJ Pencina, MJ Ransohoff, D Schully, SD Seminara, D Winn, DM Wright, CF van Duijn, CM Little, J Khoury, MJ AF Janssens, A. Cecile J. W. Ioannidis, John P. A. Bedrosian, Sara Boffetta, Paolo Dolan, Siobhan M. Dowling, Nicole Fortier, Isabel Freedman, Andrew N. Grimshaw, Jeremy M. Gulcher, Jeffrey Gwinn, Marta Hlatky, Mark A. Janes, Holly Kraft, Peter Melillo, Stephanie O'Donnell, Christopher J. Pencina, Michael J. Ransohoff, David Schully, Sheri D. Seminara, Daniela Winn, Deborah M. Wright, Caroline F. van Duijn, Cornelia M. Little, Julian Khoury, Muin J. TI Strengthening the reporting of genetic risk prediction studies (GRIPS): explanation and elaboration SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Genetic; Risk prediction; Methodology; Guidelines; Reporting ID GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION; HEART-DISEASE RISK; OPERATING CHARACTERISTIC CURVE; TYPE-2 DIABETES RISK; RECLASSIFICATION MEASURES; MACULAR DEGENERATION; DIAGNOSTIC-ACCURACY; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK; CONTROLLED-TRIALS; PROSTATE-CANCER AB The rapid and continuing progress in gene discovery for complex diseases is fuelling interest in the potential application of genetic risk models for clinical and public health practice. The number of studies assessing the predictive ability is steadily increasing, but they vary widely in completeness of reporting and apparent quality. Transparent reporting of the strengths and weaknesses of these studies is important to facilitate the accumulation of evidence on genetic risk prediction. A multidisciplinary workshop sponsored by the Human Genome Epidemiology Network developed a checklist of 25 items recommended for strengthening the reporting of Genetic RIsk Prediction Studies (GRIPS), building on the principles established by prior reporting guidelines. These recommendations aim to enhance the transparency, quality and completeness of study reporting, and thereby to improve the synthesis and application of information from multiple studies that might differ in design, conduct or analysis. C1 [Janssens, A. Cecile J. W.; van Duijn, Cornelia M.] Erasmus MC, Dept Epidemiol, NL-3000 CA Rotterdam, Netherlands. [Ioannidis, John P. A.] Univ Ioannina, Sch Med, Dept Hyg & Epidemiol, GR-45110 Ioannina, Greece. [Ioannidis, John P. A.] Fdn Res & Technol, Biomed Res Inst, Ioannina, Greece. [Ioannidis, John P. A.] Tufts Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Ioannidis, John P. A.] Tufts Med Ctr, Ctr Genet Epidemiol & Modeling, Inst Clin Res & Hlth Policy Studies, Boston, MA USA. [Ioannidis, John P. A.] Tufts Med Ctr, Tufts CTSI, Inst Clin Res & Hlth Policy Studies, Boston, MA USA. [Ioannidis, John P. A.] Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Stanford Prevent Res Ctr, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Bedrosian, Sara; Dowling, Nicole; Gwinn, Marta; Melillo, Stephanie; Khoury, Muin J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Publ Hlth Genom, Atlanta, GA USA. [Boffetta, Paolo] Mt Sinai Sch Med, Tisch Canc Inst, New York, NY USA. [Boffetta, Paolo] Int Prevent Res Inst, Lyon, France. [Dolan, Siobhan M.] Montefiore Med Ctr, Albert Einstein Coll Med, Dept Obstet & Gynecol & Womens Hlth, Bronx, NY 10467 USA. [Fortier, Isabel] Publ Populat Project Genom P3G, Montreal, PQ, Canada. [Freedman, Andrew N.; Schully, Sheri D.; Seminara, Daniela; Winn, Deborah M.] NCI, Div Canc Control & Populat Sci, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Grimshaw, Jeremy M.] Ottawa Hosp Res Inst, Clin Epidemiol Program, Ottawa, ON, Canada. [Grimshaw, Jeremy M.] Univ Ottawa, Dept Med, Ottawa, ON, Canada. [Gulcher, Jeffrey] DeCODE Genet, Reykjavik, Iceland. [Hlatky, Mark A.] Stanford Univ, Dept Hlth Res & Policy, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. [Janes, Holly] Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr, Vaccine & Infect Dis Inst, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. [Janes, Holly] Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr, Div Publ Hlth Sci, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. [Kraft, Peter] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [O'Donnell, Christopher J.] NHLBI, Framingham, MA USA. [O'Donnell, Christopher J.] NHLBIs Framingham Heart Study, Framingham, MA USA. [O'Donnell, Christopher J.] Harvard Univ, Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Sch Med, Div Cardiol, Boston, MA USA. [Pencina, Michael J.] Boston Univ, Dept Biostat, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Pencina, Michael J.] Harvard Clin Res Inst, Boston, MA USA. [Ransohoff, David] Univ N Carolina, Sch Med, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Wright, Caroline F.] PHG Fdn, Cambridge, England. [Little, Julian] Univ Ottawa, Dept Epidemiol & Community Med, Ottawa, ON, Canada. RP Janssens, ACJW (reprint author), Erasmus MC, Dept Epidemiol, POB 2040, NL-3000 CA Rotterdam, Netherlands. EM a.janssens@erasmusmc.nl RI Ioannidis, John/G-9836-2011; janssens, cecile/L-1075-2015; OI Janssens, A Cecile/0000-0002-6153-4976; Wright, Caroline/0000-0003-2958-5076 FU NCI NIH HHS [U24 CA086368, U24 CA086368-11] NR 93 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 4 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0393-2990 J9 EUR J EPIDEMIOL JI Eur. J. Epidemiol. PD APR PY 2011 VL 26 IS 4 BP 313 EP 337 DI 10.1007/s10654-011-9551-z PG 25 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 760ON UT WOS:000290333700009 PM 21424820 ER PT J AU Hochberg, NS Moro, RN Sheth, AN Montgomery, SP Steurer, F McAuliffe, IT Wang, YF Armstrong, W Rivera, HN Lennox, JL Franco-Paredes, C AF Hochberg, Natasha S. Moro, Ruth N. Sheth, Anandi N. Montgomery, Susan P. Steurer, Frank McAuliffe, Isabel T. Wang, Yun F. Armstrong, Wendy Rivera, Hilda N. Lennox, Jeffrey L. Franco-Paredes, Carlos TI High Prevalence of Persistent Parasitic Infections in Foreign-Born, HIV-Infected Persons in the United States SO PLOS NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES LA English DT Article ID STRONGYLOIDES-STERCORALIS INFECTION; HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; CHAGAS-DISEASE; SCHISTOSOMA-HAEMATOBIUM; PRESUMPTIVE TREATMENT; COST-EFFECTIVENESS; VIRAL LOAD; INDIVIDUALS; IMMIGRANTS; EOSINOPHILIA AB Background: Foreign-born, HIV-infected persons are at risk for sub-clinical parasitic infections acquired in their countries of origin. The long-term consequences of co-infections can be severe, yet few data exist on parasitic infection prevalence in this population. Methodology/Principal Findings: This cross-sectional study evaluated 128 foreign-born persons at one HIV clinic. We performed stool studies and serologic testing for strongyloidiasis, schistosomiasis, filarial infection, and Chagas disease based on the patient's country of birth. Eosinophilia and symptoms were examined as predictors of helminthic infection. Of the 128 participants, 86 (67%) were male, and the median age was 40 years; 70 were Mexican/Latin American, 40 African, and 18 from other countries or regions. Strongyloides stercoralis antibodies were detected in 33/128 (26%) individuals. Of the 52 persons from schistosomiasis-endemic countries, 15 (29%) had antibodies to schistosome antigens; 7 (47%) had antibodies to S. haematobium, 5 (33%) to S. mansoni, and 3 (20%) to both species. Stool ova and parasite studies detected helminths in 5/85 (6%) persons. None of the patients tested had evidence of Chagas disease (n = 77) or filarial infection (n = 52). Eosinophilia > 400 cells/mm(3) was associated with a positive schistosome antibody test (OR 4.5, 95% CI 1.1-19.0). The only symptom significantly associated with strongyloidiasis was weight loss (OR 3.1, 95% CI 1.4-7.2). Conclusions/Significance: Given the high prevalence of certain helminths and the potential lack of suggestive symptoms and signs, selected screening for strongyloidiasis and schistosomiasis or use of empiric antiparasitic therapy may be appropriate among foreign-born, HIV-infected patients. Identifying and treating helminth infections could prevent long-term complications. C1 [Hochberg, Natasha S.] Boston Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Hochberg, Natasha S.; Sheth, Anandi N.; Armstrong, Wendy; Lennox, Jeffrey L.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Div Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Moro, Ruth N.; Franco-Paredes, Carlos] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Montgomery, Susan P.; Steurer, Frank; McAuliffe, Isabel T.; Rivera, Hilda N.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Atlanta, GA USA. [Wang, Yun F.] Grady Mem Hosp, Atlanta, GA USA. [Wang, Yun F.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Franco-Paredes, Carlos] Hosp Infantil Mexico Dr Federico Gomez, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. RP Hochberg, NS (reprint author), Boston Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Boston, MA 02215 USA. EM nhoch@bu.edu RI Lennox, Jeffrey/D-1654-2014; Armstrong, Wendy/N-3623-2013; OI Lennox, Jeffrey/0000-0002-2064-5565; Hochberg, Natasha/0000-0002-5449-9973 FU Emory Center for AIDS Research [P30 AI050409]; Healthcare Georgia Foundation FX This study was funded by the Emory Center for AIDS Research (P30 AI050409) and the Healthcare Georgia Foundation. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 56 TC 14 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 3 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1935-2727 J9 PLOS NEGLECT TROP D JI Plos Neglect. Trop. Dis. PD APR PY 2011 VL 5 IS 4 AR e1034 DI 10.1371/journal.pntd.0001034 PG 7 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA 755MY UT WOS:000289937400017 PM 21532747 ER PT J AU Tanowitz, HB Weiss, LM Montgomery, SP AF Tanowitz, Herbert B. Weiss, Louis M. Montgomery, Susan P. TI Chagas Disease Has Now Gone Global SO PLOS NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES LA English DT Editorial Material ID TRYPANOSOMA-CRUZI INFECTION; LATIN-AMERICAN IMMIGRANTS; UNITED-STATES; CONGENITAL TRANSMISSION; AREA C1 [Tanowitz, Herbert B.; Weiss, Louis M.] Albert Einstein Coll Med, Dept Pathol, Div Parasitol, Bronx, NY 10467 USA. [Tanowitz, Herbert B.; Weiss, Louis M.] Albert Einstein Coll Med, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, Bronx, NY 10467 USA. [Tanowitz, Herbert B.; Weiss, Louis M.] Albert Einstein Coll Med, Global Hlth Ctr, Bronx, NY 10467 USA. [Tanowitz, Herbert B.] Jacobi Med Ctr, Diagnost Parasitol Lab, Bronx, NY USA. [Montgomery, Susan P.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Tanowitz, HB (reprint author), Albert Einstein Coll Med, Dept Pathol, Div Parasitol, Bronx, NY 10467 USA. EM herbert.tanowitz@einstein.yu.edu NR 15 TC 53 Z9 54 U1 0 U2 5 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1935-2727 J9 PLOS NEGLECT TROP D JI Plos Neglect. Trop. Dis. PD APR PY 2011 VL 5 IS 4 AR e1136 DI 10.1371/journal.pntd.0001136 PG 2 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA 755MY UT WOS:000289937400002 PM 21572510 ER PT J AU Davidson, C Green, CF Panlilio, AL Jensen, PA Stover, BH Roselle, G Gibbs, SG Scarpino, PV AF Davidson, Craig Green, Christopher F. Panlilio, Adelisa L. Jensen, Paul A. Stover, Beth H. Roselle, Gary Gibbs, Shawn G. Scarpino, Pasquale V. TI Method for Evaluating the Relative Efficiency of Selected N95 Respirators and Surgical Masks to Prevent the Inhalation of Airborne Vegetative Cells by Healthcare Personnel SO INDOOR AND BUILT ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE Bacillus anthracis; Bioaerosol; Healthcare personnel; Respiratory protective equipment ID FIT-TEST METHODS; FILTERING-FACEPIECE RESPIRATORS; FIELD PERFORMANCE-MEASUREMENTS; PROTECTION; AEROSOLS; ENVIRONMENT; EXPOSURE; MICROORGANISMS; OPERATIONS; FOUNDRY AB Aerosol droplet-and airborne-transmitted diseases are an important healthcare concern. The anthrax attacks of 2001, severe acute respiratory syndrome outbreaks in 2003 which resulted in transmission to numerous healthcare personnel (HCP) and concerns about smallpox as a bioterrorist agent have contributed to heightened concern about airborne infectious agents. Respirators and surgical masks can provide respiratory protection against such airborne diseases but their efficacy needs to be assessed. This study describes a method for quantitatively assessing the relative efficiency of respiratory protective equipment (RPE) when challenged with a bioaerosol. Five surgical masks, three N95 respirators and three surgical N95 respirators were evaluated. All are commercially available and used in US healthcare settings. Bacterial aerosols of vegetative Bacillus anthracis strain Sterne 34F2 (a surrogate for pathogenic B. anthracis) were generated with a six-jet Collison nebuliser. To mimic human respiratory breathing, an automated breathing simulator (ABS) calibrated to normal tidal volume and active breathing rate (500 mL/breath and 20 breath/min, respectively) was used. Respirators were placed on manikin head-forms designed for use in cardiopulmonary resuscitation training and used in our investigation as surrogates for HCP. The method showed that a Collison nebuliser could generate monodisperse bacterial aerosol to effectively test RPE total inward leakage. Also, the AGI-30 air samplers, combined with the ABS, provided an accurate method of quantifying RPE relative efficiency. For the 11 RPE this ranged from 34% to 69% with statistically significant differences between several RPE models. We conclude that neither RPE type nor brand name was an indicator of RPE relative efficiency. C1 [Gibbs, Shawn G.] Univ Nebraska Med Ctr, Dept Environm Agr & Occupat Hlth, Coll Publ Hlth, Omaha, NE 68198 USA. [Davidson, Craig; Scarpino, Pasquale V.] Univ Cincinnati, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. [Green, Christopher F.] Univ Cincinnati, Sci Math & Engn Div, Clermont Coll, Batavia, OH USA. [Panlilio, Adelisa L.; Stover, Beth H.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Natl Ctr Preparedness Detect & Control Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Jensen, Paul A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Div TB Eliminat, Natl Ctr HIV Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Roselle, Gary] Vet Affairs Headquarters, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Roselle, Gary] Univ Cincinnati, Coll Med, Dept Internal Med, Div Infect Dis, Cincinnati, OH USA. RP Gibbs, SG (reprint author), Univ Nebraska Med Ctr, Dept Environm Agr & Occupat Hlth, Coll Publ Hlth, 985330 Nebraska Med Ctr, Omaha, NE 68198 USA. EM sgibbs@unmc.edu FU Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) FX This work was supported financially by the Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Mention of products or services and use of trade names and commercial sources is for identification only and does not constitute endorsement by the CDC or the University of Cincinnati. The authors would also like to thank Dr. James Deddens and Yan Jin from the Department of Mathematical Sciences at the University of Cincinnati for technical and statistical support. NR 47 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 8 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD PI LONDON PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND SN 1420-326X J9 INDOOR BUILT ENVIRON JI Indoor Built Environ. PD APR PY 2011 VL 20 IS 2 BP 265 EP 277 DI 10.1177/1420326X10378805 PG 13 WC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Environmental; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 761FB UT WOS:000290380700009 ER PT J AU Wang, XH Zhang, SF Sun, CL Yuan, ZG Wu, XF Wang, DX Ding, Z Hu, RL AF Wang Xiaohu Zhang, Shoufeng Sun, Chenglong Yuan, Zi-Guo Wu, Xianfu Wang, Dongxia Ding, Zhuang Hu, Rongliang TI Proteomic Profiles of Mouse Neuro N2a Cells Infected with Variant Virulence of Rabies Viruses SO JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Rabies virus; differential virulence; viral infection; N2a cell proteome; proteomics ID SWINE-FEVER VIRUS; RNA; VIMENTIN; PROTEINS; 14-3-3-PROTEINS; DIFFERENTIATION; IDENTIFICATION; PEROXIREDOXIN; CLEAVES; REGION AB We characterized the proteomes of murine N2a cells following infection with three rabies virus (RV) strains, characterized by distinct virulence phenotypes (i.e., virulent BD06, fixed CVS-11, and attenuated SRV9 strains), and identified 35 changes to protein expression using two-dimensional gel electrophoresis in whole-cell lysates. The annotated functions of these proteins are involved in various cytoskeletal, signal transduction, stress response, and metabolic processes. Specifically, a-enolase, prx-4, vimentin, cytokine-induced apoptosis inhibitor 1 (CIAPIN1) and prx-6 were significantly up-regulated, whereas Trx like-1 and galectin-1 were down-regulated following infection of N2a cells with all three rabies virus strains. However, comparing expressions of all 35 proteins affected between BD06-, CVS-11-, and SRV9-infected cells, specific changes in expression were also observed. The up-regulation of vimentin, CIAPIN1, prx-4, and 14-3-3 theta/delta, and down-regulation of NDPK-B and HSP-1 with CVS and SRV9 infection were >= 2 times greater than with BD06. Meanwhile, Zfp12 protein, splicing factor, and arginine/serine-rich 1 were unaltered in the cells infected with 8006 and CVS-11, but were up-regulated in the group infected with SRV9. The proteomic alterations described here may suggest that these changes to protein expression correlate with the rabies virus' adaptability and virulence in N2a cells, and hence provides new clues as to the response of N2a host cells to rabies virus infections, and may also aid in uncovering new pathways in these cells that are involved in rabies infections. Further characterization of the functions of the affected proteins may contribute to our understanding of the mechanisms of RV infection and pathogenesis. C1 [Wang Xiaohu; Sun, Chenglong; Ding, Zhuang; Hu, Rongliang] Jilin Univ, Coll Anim Sci & Vet Med, Changchun 130062, Peoples R China. [Wang Xiaohu; Zhang, Shoufeng; Sun, Chenglong; Hu, Rongliang] Acad Mil Med Sci, Vet Res Inst, Lab Epidemiol, Changchun 130062, Peoples R China. [Yuan, Zi-Guo] S China Agr Univ, Coll Vet Med, Guangzhou 510642, Guangdong, Peoples R China. [Wu, Xianfu; Wang, Dongxia] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Ding, Z (reprint author), Jilin Univ, Coll Anim Sci & Vet Med, 5333 Xian Rd, Changchun 130062, Peoples R China. EM Ding_zhang@yahoo.com.cn; ronglianghu@163.com RI Wang, Xiaohu/L-9035-2013 FU National Science Foundation of China [30630049]; China National "973" Program [2005CB523000]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [30901067]; Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province [9451064201003715]; State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences [SKLVEB2009KFKT014, SKLVEB2010KEKT010]; Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education [20094404120016]; Scientific and Technological Planning Project of Guangdong Province [2010B020307006] FX This study is supported, in part, by grants from the Key Project of National Science Foundation of China (Approval No. 30630049), the China National "973" Program (Approval No. 2005CB523000), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 30901067), the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province (Grant No. 9451064201003715), the State Key Laboratory of Veterinary Etiological Biology, Lanzhou Veterinary Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (SKLVEB2009KFKT014 and SKLVEB2010KEKT010), the Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education (Grant No. 20094404120016), and the Scientific and Technological Planning Project of Guangdong Province (Grant No. 2010B020307006). NR 30 TC 16 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 13 PU KOREAN SOC MICROBIOLOGY & BIOTECHNOLOGY PI SEOUL PA KOREA SCI TECHNOL CENTER #507, 635-4 YEOGSAM-DONG, KANGNAM-GU, SEOUL 135-703, SOUTH KOREA SN 1017-7825 J9 J MICROBIOL BIOTECHN JI J. Microbiol. Biotechnol. PD APR PY 2011 VL 21 IS 4 BP 366 EP 373 DI 10.4014/jmb.1010.10003 PG 8 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 757WT UT WOS:000290119900005 PM 21532319 ER PT J AU Boehme, CC Nicol, MP Nabeta, P Michael, JS Gotuzzo, E Tahirli, R Gler, MT Blakemore, R Worodria, W Gray, C Huang, L Caceres, T Mehdiyev, R Raymond, L Whitelaw, A Sagadevan, K Alexander, H Albert, H Cobelens, F Cox, H Alland, D Perkins, MD AF Boehme, Catharina C. Nicol, Mark P. Nabeta, Pamela Michael, Joy S. Gotuzzo, Eduardo Tahirli, Rasim Gler, Ma Tarcela Blakemore, Robert Worodria, William Gray, Christen Huang, Laurence Caceres, Tatiana Mehdiyev, Rafail Raymond, Lawrence Whitelaw, Andrew Sagadevan, Kalaiselvan Alexander, Heather Albert, Heidi Cobelens, Frank Cox, Helen Alland, David Perkins, Mark D. TI Feasibility, diagnostic accuracy, and effectiveness of decentralised use of the Xpert MTB/RIF test for diagnosis of tuberculosis and multidrug resistance: a multicentre implementation study SO LANCET LA English DT Article ID PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS; MYCOBACTERIUM-TUBERCULOSIS; RIFAMPIN RESISTANCE; INITIAL DEFAULT; TB DIAGNOSIS; HIV; INFECTION; PREVALENCE; BACILLI; AFRICA AB Background The Xpert MTB/RIF test (Cepheid, Sunnyvale, CA, USA) can detect tuberculosis and its multidrug-resistant form with very high sensitivity and specificity in controlled studies, but no performance data exist from district and subdistrict health facilities in tuberculosis-endemic countries. We aimed to assess operational feasibility, accuracy, and effectiveness of implementation in such settings. Methods We assessed adults (>= 18 years) with suspected tuberculosis or multidrug-resistant tuberculosis consecutively presenting with cough lasting at least 2 weeks to urban health centres in South Africa, Peru, and India, drug-resistance screening facilities in Azerbaijan and the Philippines, and an emergency room in Uganda. Patients were excluded from the main analyses if their second sputum sample was collected more than 1 week after the first sample, or if no valid reference standard or MTB/RIF test was available. We compared one-off direct MTB/RIF testing in nine microscopy laboratories adjacent to study sites with 2-3 sputum smears and 1-3 cultures, dependent on site, and drug-susceptibility testing. We assessed indicators of robustness including indeterminate rate and between-site performance, and compared time to detection, reporting, and treatment, and patient dropouts for the techniques used. Findings We enrolled 6648 participants between Aug 11,2009, and June 26, 2010. One-off MTB/RIF testing detected 933 (90.3%) of 1033 culture-confirmed cases of tuberculosis, compared with 699 (67.1%) of 1041 for microscopy. MTB/RIF test sensitivity was 76.9% in smear-negative, culture-positive patients (296 of 385 samples), and 99.0% specific (2846 of 2876 non-tuberculosis samples). MTB/RIF test sensitivity for rifampicin resistance was 94.4% (236 of 250) and specificity was 98.3% (796 of 810). Unlike microscopy, MTB/RIF test sensitivity was not significantly lower in patients with HIV co-infection. Median time to detection of tuberculosis for the MTB/RIF test was 0 days (IQR 0-1), compared with 1 day (0-1) for microscopy, 30 days (23-43) for solid culture, and 16 days (13-21) for liquid culture. Median time to detection of resistance was 20 days (10-26) for line-probe assay and 106 days (30-124) for conventional drug-susceptibility testing. Use of the MTB/RIF test reduced median time to treatment for smear-negative tuberculosis from 56 days (39-81) to 5 days (2-8). The indeterminate rate of MTB/RIF testing was 2.4% (126 of 5321 samples) compared with 4.6% (441 of 9690) for cultures. Interpretation The MTB/RIF test can effectively be used in low-resource settings to simplify patients' access to early and accurate diagnosis, thereby potentially decreasing morbidity associated with diagnostic delay, dropout and mistreatment. C1 [Boehme, Catharina C.; Nabeta, Pamela; Gray, Christen; Alexander, Heather; Albert, Heidi; Perkins, Mark D.] Fdn Innovat New Diagnost, CH-1202 Geneva, Switzerland. [Nicol, Mark P.; Whitelaw, Andrew] Groote Schuur Hosp, Natl Hlth Lab Serv, ZA-7925 Cape Town, South Africa. [Nicol, Mark P.; Whitelaw, Andrew] Univ Cape Town, Dept Med Microbiol, ZA-7925 Cape Town, South Africa. [Nicol, Mark P.; Whitelaw, Andrew] Univ Cape Town, Inst Infect Dis & Mol Med, ZA-7925 Cape Town, South Africa. [Michael, Joy S.; Sagadevan, Kalaiselvan] Christian Med Coll & Hosp, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India. [Gotuzzo, Eduardo; Caceres, Tatiana] Univ Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Inst Med Trop Alexander von Humboldt, Lima, Peru. [Tahirli, Rasim] Special Treatment Inst, Baku, Azerbaijan. [Gler, Ma Tarcela] Trop Dis Fdn, Manila, Philippines. [Blakemore, Robert; Alland, David] Univ Med & Dent New Jersey, New Jersey Med Sch, Newark, NJ 07103 USA. [Blakemore, Robert; Alland, David] Univ Med & Dent New Jersey, Div Infect Dis, Newark, NJ 07103 USA. [Worodria, William] Makerere Univ, Fac Med, Dept Med, Kampala, Uganda. [Worodria, William] Uganda Minist Hlth, Kampala, Uganda. [Huang, Laurence] Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco Gen Hosp, Div Pulm & Crit Care Med, San Francisco, CA USA. [Huang, Laurence] Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco Gen Hosp, Div HIV AIDS, San Francisco, CA USA. [Mehdiyev, Rafail] Azerbaijan Minist Justice, Baku, Azerbaijan. [Raymond, Lawrence] Lung Ctr Philippines, Manila, Philippines. [Alexander, Heather] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, Atlanta, GA USA. [Albert, Heidi] Fdn Innovat New Diagnost, Kampala, Uganda. [Cobelens, Frank] Univ Amsterdam, Acad Med Ctr, Dept Global Hlth, NL-1105 AZ Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Cobelens, Frank] Univ Amsterdam, Acad Med Ctr, Amsterdam Inst Global Hlth & Dev, NL-1105 AZ Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Cox, Helen] Med Sans Frontieres, Cape Town, South Africa. RP Boehme, CC (reprint author), Fdn Innovat New Diagnost, Ave Bude 16, CH-1202 Geneva, Switzerland. EM catharina.boehme@finddiagnostics.org OI Cox, Helen/0000-0002-6538-7192; Nicol, Mark/0000-0002-1366-4805 FU Foundation for Innovative New Diagnostics; Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation; European and Developing Countries Clinical Trials Partnership [TA2007.40200.009]; Wellcome Trust [085251/B/08/Z]; UK Department for International Development FX Foundation for Innovative New Diagnostics, Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, European and Developing Countries Clinical Trials Partnership (TA2007.40200.009), Wellcome Trust (085251/B/08/Z), and UK Department for International Development. NR 42 TC 440 Z9 457 U1 9 U2 103 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0140-6736 J9 LANCET JI Lancet PD APR-MAY PY 2011 VL 377 IS 9776 BP 1495 EP 1505 DI 10.1016/S0140-6736(11)60438-8 PG 11 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 761RX UT WOS:000290419400027 PM 21507477 ER PT J AU Kakietek, J Sullivan, PS Heffelfinger, JD AF Kakietek, Jakub Sullivan, Patrick S. Heffelfinger, James D. TI YOU'VE GOT MALE: INTERNET USE, RURAL RESIDENCE, AND RISKY SEX IN MEN WHO HAVE SEX WITH MEN RECRUITED IN 12 U.S. CITIES SO AIDS EDUCATION AND PREVENTION LA English DT Article ID HIV PREVENTION AB This study assessed whether the relationship between using the Internet to meet sex partners and unprotected anal intercourse (UAI) differs for men who have sex with men (MSM) living in rural and urban areas. Data on Internet use, residence and UAI were collected from MSM attending Gay Pride events in 12 U.S. cities. Rural MSM who used the Internet to meet sex partners were more likely to report any UAI (adjusted odds ratio[AOR]: 1.89 [1.12-3.19]) and insertive UAI (AOR: 2.16 [1.13- 4.10]) with the last sex partner than those who did not use the Internet. For urban MSM, UAI was not more commonly reported by men who used the Internet to meet sex partners. The association between using the Internet to meet sex partners and UAI depended on whether MSM resided in rural or urban areas. Rural MSM may have different patterns of risk behavior from urban MSM. The Internet may offer new prevention opportunities for rural MSM. C1 [Kakietek, Jakub; Sullivan, Patrick S.] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Kakietek, Jakub] Emory Univ, Grad Sch Arts & Sci, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Heffelfinger, James D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Kakietek, J (reprint author), Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, 1518 Clifton Rd NE,4th Floor, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. EM Patrick.sullivan@emory.edu OI Sullivan, Patrick/0000-0002-7728-0587 FU NIAID NIH HHS [P30 AI050409]; NIMHD NIH HHS [RC1 MD004370, RC1 MD004370-02] NR 31 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 2 PU GUILFORD PUBLICATIONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 72 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10012 USA SN 0899-9546 J9 AIDS EDUC PREV JI Aids Educ. Prev. PD APR PY 2011 VL 23 IS 2 BP 118 EP 127 PG 10 WC Education & Educational Research; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Education & Educational Research; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 753HE UT WOS:000289762100003 PM 21517661 ER PT J AU Guadamuz, TE Wimonsate, W Varangrat, A Phanuphak, P Jommaroeng, R Mock, PA Tappero, JW van Griensven, F AF Guadamuz, Thomas E. Wimonsate, Wipas Varangrat, Anchalee Phanuphak, Praphan Jommaroeng, Rapeepun Mock, Philip A. Tappero, Jordan W. van Griensven, Frits TI Correlates of Forced Sex Among Populations of Men Who Have Sex with Men in Thailand SO ARCHIVES OF SEXUAL BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article DE Sexual coercion; Men who have sex with men; Male sex workers; Transgender; Thailand ID INJECTION-DRUG USE; HIV-INFECTION; YOUNG MEN; NORTHERN THAILAND; SOUTH-AFRICA; RISK-FACTORS; ABUSE; PREVALENCE; VIOLENCE; HEALTH AB Although forced sex is a correlate of HIV infection, its prevalence and associated risks are not well described among men who have sex with men (MSM) in developing-country settings. Between March and October 2005, we assessed the prevalence of forced sex and correlates among populations of MSM (this includes general MSM, male sex workers, and male-to-female transgender persons) in Thailand using a community-based sample. Participants were enrolled from venues around Bangkok, Chiangmai, and Phuket using venue day-time sampling. Handheld computer-assisted self-interviewing was used to collect demographic and behavioral data and logistic regression evaluated factors associated with forced sex, defined as ever being forced to have sexual intercourse against one's will. Of the 2,049 participants (M age, 24.8 years), a history of forced sex was reported by 376 (18.4%) men and, of these, most were forced by someone they knew (83.8%), forced more than once (67.3%), and had first occurrence during adolescence (55.1%). In multivariate analysis, having a history of forced sex was significantly associated with being recruited in Phuket, classification as general MSM or transgender (versus classification as male sex worker), drug use, increased number of male sexual partners, and buying sex. The findings in our assessment were consistent with assessments from Western countries. Longitudinal studies are needed to understand the mechanisms of the relationships between forced sex correlates found in our assessment and HIV acquisition and transmission risks. C1 [Guadamuz, Thomas E.; Wimonsate, Wipas; Varangrat, Anchalee; Mock, Philip A.; Tappero, Jordan W.; van Griensven, Frits] Thailand Minist Publ Hlth, US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent Collaborat, Nonthaburi 11000, Thailand. [Guadamuz, Thomas E.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Baltimore, MD USA. [Phanuphak, Praphan] Thai Red Cross Soc, AIDS Res Ctr, Bangkok, Thailand. [Jommaroeng, Rapeepun] Rainbow Sky Assoc Thailand, Bangkok, Thailand. [Tappero, Jordan W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global AIDS Program, Atlanta, GA USA. [van Griensven, Frits] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP van Griensven, F (reprint author), Thailand Minist Publ Hlth, US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent Collaborat, DDC7 Bldg, Nonthaburi 11000, Thailand. EM fav1@cdc.gov RI van Griensven, Frits/G-4719-2013 OI van Griensven, Frits/0000-0002-0971-2843 FU NIAID NIH HHS [F31 AI064144-01, F31 AI064144] NR 41 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 4 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0004-0002 J9 ARCH SEX BEHAV JI Arch. Sex. Behav. PD APR PY 2011 VL 40 IS 2 BP 259 EP 266 DI 10.1007/s10508-009-9557-8 PG 8 WC Psychology, Clinical; Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary SC Psychology; Social Sciences - Other Topics GA 753QU UT WOS:000289795500008 PM 19830540 ER PT J AU Berkowitz, Z Rim, SH Peipins, LA AF Berkowitz, Zahava Rim, Sun Hee Peipins, Lucy A. TI Characteristics and survival associated with ovarian cancer diagnosed as first cancer and ovarian cancer diagnosed subsequent to a previous cancer SO CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Gynecological cancer; Ovarian; Survival; Histology; SEER ID HISTOLOGIC TYPES; HORMONE-THERAPY; FAMILY-HISTORY; BREAST-CANCER; RISK-FACTORS; WOMEN; POPULATION; EPIDEMIOLOGY; MALIGNANCIES; PATTERNS AB Objective: To examine the risk of subsequent primary ovarian cancer among women diagnosed previously with cancer (subsequent cohort) and to compare demographic and tumor characteristics affecting overall survival of these women and women diagnosed with first primary ovarian cancer (index cohort). Methods: We identified the two cohorts of women using the 1973-2005 Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) result data. We calculated relative risk of subsequent primary ovarian cancer and estimated 5-year risks of dying (hazard-ratios) after diagnosis of the first or subsequent primary ovarian cancer in the two cohorts, respectively using Cox modeling. Results: Women diagnosed with index cancers of the corpus uteri, colon, cervix, and melanoma at age younger than 50 had increased risk of ovarian cancer within 5 years after diagnosis (p < 0.05); young breast cancer survivors had continued risk beyond 20 years. In 5-year follow-up survival analysis, the factors associated with a better survival (p < 0.05) were similar in both cohorts and included more recent diagnosis; localized or regional disease; age < 50 years at diagnosis; and being white versus black. A lower risk of dying from mucinous, endometrioid, or non-epithelial tumors than from serous was seen after 15 months (p < 0.01), or after 32 months from diagnosis of the index and subsequent cohorts, respectively. Conclusions: Age, stage, and histology affect ovarian cancer survival. The increased risk of ovarian cancer over time, especially among breast and colon cancer survivors who are less than 50 years of age, suggests common etiologies and necessitates careful surveillance by health care providers and increased survivors awareness through educational efforts. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Berkowitz, Zahava] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Epidemiol & Appl Res Branch, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot,Coordina, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Berkowitz, Z (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Epidemiol & Appl Res Branch, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot,Coordina, 4770 Buford Highway NE,MS K-55, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM Zberkowitz@cdc.gov NR 45 TC 6 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1877-7821 J9 CANCER EPIDEMIOL JI Cancer Epidemiol. PD APR PY 2011 VL 35 IS 2 BP 112 EP 119 DI 10.1016/j.canep.2010.07.001 PG 8 WC Oncology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Oncology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 757EK UT WOS:000290067800002 PM 20674535 ER PT J AU German, RR Fink, AK Heron, M Stewart, SL Johnson, CJ Finch, JL Yin, DX AF German, Robert R. Fink, Aliza K. Heron, Melonie Stewart, Sherri L. Johnson, Chris J. Finch, Jack L. Yin, Daixin TI The accuracy of cancer mortality statistics based on death certificates in the United States SO CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Neoplasms; Data quality; Death certificates; Mortality; National Program of Cancer Registries; California; Colorado; Idaho AB Background: One measure of the accuracy of cancer mortality statistics is the concordance between cancer defined as the underlying cause of death from death certificates and cancer diagnoses recorded in central, population-based cancer registries. Previous studies of such concordance are outdated. Objective: To characterize the accuracy of cancer mortality statistics from the concordance between cancer cause of death and primary cancer site at diagnosis. Design: Central cancer registry records from California, Colorado, and Idaho in the U.S. were linked with state vital statistics data and evaluated by demographic and tumor information across 79 site categories. A retrospective arm (confirmation rate per 100 deaths) compared death certificate data from 2002 to 2004 with cancer registry diagnoses from 1993 to 2004, while a prospective arm (detection rate per 100 deaths) compared cancer registry diagnoses from 1993 to 1995 with death certificate data from 1993 to 2004 by International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (ICD) version used to code deaths. Results: With n = 265,863 deaths where cancer was recorded as the underlying cause based on the death certificate, the overall confirmation rate for ICD-10 was 82.8% (95% confidence interval [CI] 82.6-83.0%), the overall detection rate for ICD-10 was 81.0% (95% CI, 80.4-81.6%), and the overall detection rate for ICD-9 was 85.0% (95% CI, 84.8-85.2%). These rates varied across primary sites, where some rates were <50%, some were 95% or greater, and notable differences between confirmation and detection rates were observed. Conclusions: Important unique information on the quality of cancer mortality data obtained from death certificates is provided. In addition, information is provided for future studies of the concordance of primary cancer site between population-based cancer registry data and data from death certificates, particularly underlying causes of death coded in ICD-10. (C) 2010 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Fink, Aliza K.] ICF Macro, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [German, Robert R.; Stewart, Sherri L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. [Heron, Melonie] CDC, Div Vital Stat, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD USA. [Johnson, Chris J.] Canc Data Registry Idaho, Boise, ID USA. [Finch, Jack L.] Colorado Cent Canc Registry, Colorado Dept Publ Hlth & Environm, Denver, CO USA. [Yin, Daixin] Calif Canc Registry, Sacramento, CA USA. RP Fink, AK (reprint author), ICF Macro, 7315 Wisconsin Ave,400W, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. EM afink@icfi.com FU Division of Cancer Prevention and Control at CDC [200-2002-00574] FX This project was completed by ICF Macro and the state cancer registries of California, Colorado, and Idaho under contract 200-2002-00574 from the Division of Cancer Prevention and Control at CDC. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the CDC. NR 11 TC 74 Z9 77 U1 3 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1877-7821 J9 CANCER EPIDEMIOL JI Cancer Epidemiol. PD APR PY 2011 VL 35 IS 2 BP 126 EP 131 DI 10.1016/j.canep.2010.09.005 PG 6 WC Oncology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Oncology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 757EK UT WOS:000290067800004 PM 20952269 ER PT J AU Dai, SF Eissa, MA Steffen, LM Fulton, JE Harrist, RB Labarthe, DR AF Dai, Shifan Eissa, Mona A. Steffen, Lyn M. Fulton, Janet E. Harrist, Ronald B. Labarthe, Darwin R. TI Associations of BMI and its fat-free and fat components with blood lipids in children: Project HeartBeat! SO CLINICAL LIPIDOLOGY LA English DT Article DE blood lipids; BMI; body composition; children; obesity ID BODY-MASS INDEX; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK-FACTORS; DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL; WAIST CIRCUMFERENCE; INSULIN-RESISTANCE; METABOLIC SYNDROME; PUBERTAL CHANGES; WHITE CHILDREN; YOUNG-ADULTS; ADOLESCENTS AB Aim: This study aimed to distinguish between the roles of the two components of BMI, the fat mass (FM) index and the fat-free mass (FFM) index, in BMI's association with blood lipids in children and adolescents. Methods: A total of 678 children (49.1% female, 79.9% non-black), initially aged 8, 11 and 14 years, were followed at 4-month intervals for up to 4 years (1991-1995). Total cholesterol (TC), LDL-C, HDL-C and triglycerides were determined in fasting blood samples. FFM index and FM index were calculated as FFM (kg)/height (m)(2) and FM (kg)/height (m)(2), respectively. Using a multilevel linear model, repeated measurements of blood lipids were regressed on concurrent measures of BMI or its components, adjusting for age, sex and race and, in a subsample, also for physical activity, energy intake and sexual maturity. Results: Estimated regression coefficients for the relations of TC with BMI, FFM index and FM index were 1.539, -0.606 (p > 0.05) and 3.649, respectively. When FFM index and FM index were entered into the TC model simultaneously, regression coefficients were -0.855 and 3.743, respectively. An increase in Bill was related to an increase in TC; however, an equivalent increase in FM index was related to a greater increase in TC and, when FFM index was tested alone or with FM index, an increase in FFM index was related to a decrease in TC. Similar results were observed for LDL-C. FFM index and FM index were both inversely related to HDL-C and directly to triglycerides. Compared with FFM index, the equivalent increase in FM index showed a greater decrease in HDL-C. Conclusion: Greater BMI was related to adverse levels of blood lipids in children and adolescents, which was mainly attributable to BMI's fat component. It is important to identify weight management strategies to halt the childhood obesity epidemic and subsequently prevent heart disease in adulthood. C1 [Dai, Shifan] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Heart Dis & Stroke Prevent, NCCDPHP, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Eissa, Mona A.] Univ Texas Med Sch, Houston, TX USA. [Steffen, Lyn M.] Univ Minnesota, Sch Publ Hlth, Minneapolis, MN USA. [Harrist, Ronald B.] Univ Texas Sch Publ Hlth, Houston, TX USA. RP Dai, SF (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Heart Dis & Stroke Prevent, NCCDPHP, 4770 Buford Highway NE,MS K-47, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM sdai@cdc.gov FU National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute [U0I-HL-41166]; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) through the Southwest Center for Prevention Research [U48/CCU609653] FX Project HeartBeat! was supported by the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute through the Cooperative Agreement U0I-HL-41166 and by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) through the Southwest Center for Prevention Research (U48/CCU609653). The current analysis was made possible by the CDC Contract PO # 0009966385. The authors have no other relevant affiliations or financial involvement with any organization or entity with a financial interest in or financial conflict with the subject matter or materials discussed in the manuscript apart from those disclosed. NR 39 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU FUTURE MEDICINE LTD PI LONDON PA UNITEC HOUSE, 3RD FLOOR, 2 ALBERT PLACE, FINCHLEY CENTRAL, LONDON, N3 1QB, ENGLAND SN 1758-4299 J9 CLIN LIPIDOL JI Clin. Lipidol. PD APR PY 2011 VL 6 IS 2 BP 235 EP 244 DI 10.2217/CLP.11.11 PG 10 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 754CE UT WOS:000289828700014 PM 21818183 ER PT J AU Eisele, TP Thwing, J Keating, J AF Eisele, Thomas P. Thwing, Julie Keating, Joseph TI Claims about the Misuse of Insecticide-Treated Mosquito Nets: Are These Evidence-Based? SO PLOS MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material ID BED NETS; MALARIA CONTROL; MASS-DISTRIBUTION; CHILD SURVIVAL; COVERAGE; BEDNETS; OWNERSHIP; IMPACT; KENYA; MORBIDITY C1 [Eisele, Thomas P.; Keating, Joseph] Tulane Univ, Sch Publ Hlth & Trop Med, Dept Int Hlth & Dev, New Orleans, LA 70118 USA. [Thwing, Julie] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Malaria Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Eisele, TP (reprint author), Tulane Univ, Sch Publ Hlth & Trop Med, Dept Int Hlth & Dev, New Orleans, LA 70118 USA. EM teisele@tulane.edu NR 40 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 5 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1549-1277 J9 PLOS MED JI PLos Med. PD APR PY 2011 VL 8 IS 4 AR e1001019 DI 10.1371/journal.pmed.1001019 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 755NB UT WOS:000289937700001 PM 21532734 ER PT J AU do Carmo, GMI Yen, C Cortes, J Siqueira, AA de Oliveira, WK Cortez-Escalante, JJ Lopman, B Flannery, B de Oliveira, LH Carmo, EH Patel, M AF Ikeda do Carmo, Greice Madeleine Yen, Catherine Cortes, Jennifer Siqueira, Alessandra Araujo de Oliveira, Wanderson Kleber Cortez-Escalante, Juan Jose Lopman, Ben Flannery, Brendan de Oliveira, Lucia Helena Carmo, Eduardo Hage Patel, Manish TI Decline in Diarrhea Mortality and Admissions after Routine Childhood Rotavirus Immunization in Brazil: A Time-Series Analysis SO PLOS MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID VACCINE INTRODUCTION; UNITED-STATES; CHILDREN; GASTROENTERITIS; POPULATION; EFFICACY; SAFETY; HOSPITALIZATIONS; REDUCTION; PROGRESS AB Background: In 2006, Brazil began routine immunization of infants,15 wk of age with a single-strain rotavirus vaccine. We evaluated whether the rotavirus vaccination program was associated with declines in childhood diarrhea deaths and hospital admissions by monitoring disease trends before and after vaccine introduction in all five regions of Brazil with varying disease burden and distinct socioeconomic and health indicators. Methods and Findings: National data were analyzed with an interrupted time-series analysis that used diarrhea-related mortality or hospitalization rates as the main outcomes. Monthly mortality and admission rates estimated for the years after rotavirus vaccination (2007-2009) were compared with expected rates calculated from pre-vaccine years (2002-2005), adjusting for secular and seasonal trends. During the three years following rotavirus vaccination in Brazil, rates for diarrhea-related mortality and admissions among children <5 y of age were 22% (95% confidence interval 6%-44%) and 17% (95% confidence interval 5%-27%) lower than expected, respectively. A cumulative total of similar to 1,500 fewer diarrhea deaths and 130,000 fewer admissions were observed among children,5 y during the three years after rotavirus vaccination. The largest reductions in deaths (22%-28%) and admissions (21%-25%) were among children younger than 2 y, who had the highest rates of vaccination. In contrast, lower reductions in deaths (4%) and admissions (7%) were noted among children two years of age and older, who were not age-eligible for vaccination during the study period. Conclusions: After the introduction of rotavirus vaccination for infants, significant declines for three full years were observed in under-5-y diarrhea-related mortality and hospital admissions for diarrhea in Brazil. The largest reductions in diarrhea-related mortality and hospital admissions for diarrhea were among children younger than 2 y, who were eligible for vaccination as infants, which suggests that the reduced diarrhea burden in this age group was associated with introduction of the rotavirus vaccine. These real-world data are consistent with evidence obtained from clinical trials and strengthen the evidence base for the introduction of rotavirus vaccination as an effective measure for controlling severe and fatal childhood diarrhea. C1 [Ikeda do Carmo, Greice Madeleine; Siqueira, Alessandra Araujo; de Oliveira, Wanderson Kleber; Carmo, Eduardo Hage] Minist Hlth, Secretariat Hlth Surveillance, Brasilia, DF, Brazil. [Yen, Catherine; Cortes, Jennifer; Lopman, Ben; Patel, Manish] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Yen, Catherine; Cortes, Jennifer] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. [Cortez-Escalante, Juan Jose] Minist Hlth, Dept Anal Hlth Data, Secretariat Hlth Surveillance, Dept Anal Situacao Saude, Brasilia, DF, Brazil. [Flannery, Brendan] Pan Amer Hlth Org, Brasilia, DF, Brazil. [de Oliveira, Lucia Helena] Pan Amer Hlth Org, Washington, DC USA. RP do Carmo, GMI (reprint author), Minist Hlth, Secretariat Hlth Surveillance, Brasilia, DF, Brazil. EM Aul3@CDC.GOV OI Oliveira, Wanderson/0000-0002-9662-1930 NR 42 TC 100 Z9 100 U1 0 U2 3 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1549-1277 J9 PLOS MED JI PLos Med. PD APR PY 2011 VL 8 IS 4 AR e1001024 DI 10.1371/journal.pmed.1001024 PG 11 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 755NB UT WOS:000289937700013 PM 21526228 ER PT J AU Chin-Hong, PV Schwartz, BS Bern, C Montgomery, SP Kontak, S Kubak, B Morris, MI Nowicki, M Wright, C Ison, MG AF Chin-Hong, P. V. Schwartz, B. S. Bern, C. Montgomery, S. P. Kontak, S. Kubak, B. Morris, M. I. Nowicki, M. Wright, C. Ison, M. G. TI Screening and Treatment of Chagas Disease in Organ Transplant Recipients in the United States: Recommendations from the Chagas in Transplant Working Group SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT American Transplant Congress CY 2011 CL Philadelphia, PA C1 [Chin-Hong, P. V.; Schwartz, B. S.] UCSF, San Francisco, CA USA. [Bern, C.; Montgomery, S. P.] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Kontak, S.] New York Organ Donor Network, New York, NY USA. [Kubak, B.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Morris, M. I.] Univ Miami, Miami, FL USA. [Nowicki, M.] Mendez Natl Inst Transplantat, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Wright, C.] Lifelink, Tampa, FL USA. [Ison, M. G.] Northwestern Univ, Chicago, IL 60611 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1600-6135 J9 AM J TRANSPLANT JI Am. J. Transplant. PD APR PY 2011 VL 11 SU 2 MA 383 BP 145 EP 145 PG 1 WC Surgery; Transplantation SC Surgery; Transplantation GA 747KJ UT WOS:000289318400383 ER PT J AU Mbaeyi, C Rance, N Bracamonte, E Trivedi, V Diana, R Jie, T Kaplan, B Viscusi, C Bamford, C Manch, R Echevarria, L Weiss, J Farnon, E Paddock, C daSilva, A Roy, S Zaki, S Visvesvara, G Kuehnert, M AF Mbaeyi, C. Rance, N. Bracamonte, E. Trivedi, V. Diana, R. Jie, T. Kaplan, B. Viscusi, C. Bamford, C. Manch, R. Echevarria, L. Weiss, J. Farnon, E. Paddock, C. daSilva, A. Roy, S. Zaki, S. Visvesvara, G. Kuehnert, M. TI Balamuthia mandrillaris - An Emerging Pathogen Transmissible in Organ Transplantation SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT American Transplant Congress CY 2011 CL Philadelphia, PA C1 [Mbaeyi, C.; Farnon, E.; Paddock, C.; daSilva, A.; Roy, S.; Zaki, S.; Visvesvara, G.; Kuehnert, M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Rance, N.; Bracamonte, E.; Trivedi, V.; Diana, R.; Jie, T.; Kaplan, B.; Viscusi, C.; Bamford, C.] Univ Med Ctr, Tucson, AZ USA. [Manch, R.; Echevarria, L.] Banner Good Samaritan Med Ctr, Phoenix, AZ USA. [Weiss, J.] Arizona Dept Hlth Serv, Phoenix, AZ 85007 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1600-6135 J9 AM J TRANSPLANT JI Am. J. Transplant. PD APR PY 2011 VL 11 SU 2 MA 1207 BP 382 EP 382 PG 1 WC Surgery; Transplantation SC Surgery; Transplantation GA 747KJ UT WOS:000289318401422 ER PT J AU Collins, CB AF Collins, Charles B. TI SCALE-UP PRACTICE: CHALLENGES AND LESSONS LEARNED FROM CDC'S DIFFUSION OF EFFECTIVE BEHAVIORAL INTERVENTIONS PROJECT SO ANNALS OF BEHAVIORAL MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Collins, Charles B.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM cwc4@cdc.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0883-6612 J9 ANN BEHAV MED JI Ann. Behav. Med. PD APR PY 2011 VL 41 SU 1 BP S153 EP S153 PG 1 WC Psychology, Multidisciplinary SC Psychology GA 747CK UT WOS:000289297701083 ER PT J AU Hawkins, NA McCarty, F Peipins, LA Rodriguez, J AF Hawkins, Nikki A. McCarty, Frances Peipins, Lucy A. Rodriguez, Juan TI UNDERSTANDING THE IMPACT OF BEING CLOSE TO SOMEONE WITH CANCER UPON PERSONAL PERCEPTIONS AND BEHAVIOR: DEVELOPMENT AND INITIAL VALIDATION OF THE CONNECTION TO THE EXPERIENCE OF CANCER SCALE (CONNECS) SO ANNALS OF BEHAVIORAL MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Hawkins, Nikki A.; Peipins, Lucy A.; Rodriguez, Juan] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [McCarty, Frances] Georgia State Univ, Inst Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. EM cyt4@cdc.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0883-6612 J9 ANN BEHAV MED JI Ann. Behav. Med. PD APR PY 2011 VL 41 SU 1 BP S7 EP S7 PG 1 WC Psychology, Multidisciplinary SC Psychology GA 747CK UT WOS:000289297700024 ER PT J AU Kim, Y Pike, J Adams, H Cross, D AF Kim, Youngmee Pike, Joanne Adams, Heather Cross, Di TI MULTIPLE HEALTH LIFESTYLE BEHAVIORS INTERVENTION FOR PERSONS WITH FAMILY HISTORY OF CANCER SO ANNALS OF BEHAVIORAL MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Kim, Youngmee] Univ Miami, Coral Gables, FL 33124 USA. [Pike, Joanne; Adams, Heather] Amer Canc Soc, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Cross, Di] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM ykim@miami.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0883-6612 J9 ANN BEHAV MED JI Ann. Behav. Med. PD APR PY 2011 VL 41 SU 1 BP S50 EP S50 PG 1 WC Psychology, Multidisciplinary SC Psychology GA 747CK UT WOS:000289297700194 ER PT J AU McRee, AL Gottlieb, SL Dittus, PJ Reiter, PL Brewer, NT AF McRee, Annie-Laurie Gottlieb, Sami L. Dittus, Patricia J. Reiter, Paul L. Brewer, Noel T. TI HEALTH CARE PROVIDER GUIDANCE ABOUT ADOLESCENT SEXUAL HEALTH DURING HPV VACCINE VISITS SO ANNALS OF BEHAVIORAL MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [McRee, Annie-Laurie; Reiter, Paul L.; Brewer, Noel T.] UNC Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Behav & Hlth Educ, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Gottlieb, Sami L.; Dittus, Patricia J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Reiter, Paul L.; Brewer, Noel T.] UNC Lineberger Comprehens Canc Ctr, Chapel Hill, NC USA. EM almcree@email.unc.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0883-6612 J9 ANN BEHAV MED JI Ann. Behav. Med. PD APR PY 2011 VL 41 SU 1 BP S73 EP S73 PG 1 WC Psychology, Multidisciplinary SC Psychology GA 747CK UT WOS:000289297700283 ER PT J AU Mercer, SL AF Mercer, Shawna L. TI BEHAVIORAL MEDICINE INTERVENTIONS AND THE TASK FORCE ON COMMUNITY PREVENTIVE SERVICES: OPPORTUNITIES AND CHALLENGES FOR SBM SO ANNALS OF BEHAVIORAL MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Mercer, Shawna L.] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30029 USA. EM SMercer@cdc.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0883-6612 J9 ANN BEHAV MED JI Ann. Behav. Med. PD APR PY 2011 VL 41 SU 1 BP S123 EP S123 PG 1 WC Psychology, Multidisciplinary SC Psychology GA 747CK UT WOS:000289297700484 ER PT J AU Norton, WE Glanz, K Collins, CB Mittman, BS Glasgow, RE AF Norton, Wynne E. Glanz, Karen Collins, Charles B. Mittman, Brian S. Glasgow, Russell E. TI SCALING-UP EVIDENCE-BASED HEALTH PROMOTION/DISEASE PREVENTION INTERVENTIONS SO ANNALS OF BEHAVIORAL MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Norton, Wynne E.] Univ Alabama, Birmingham, AL 35293 USA. [Glanz, Karen] Univ Penn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Collins, Charles B.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Capac Bldg Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Mittman, Brian S.] VA Greater Los Angeles Healthcare Syst, Ctr Implementat Practice & Res Support, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Glasgow, Russell E.] NCI, Div Canc Control & Populat Sci, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM wenorton@uab.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0883-6612 J9 ANN BEHAV MED JI Ann. Behav. Med. PD APR PY 2011 VL 41 SU 1 BP S152 EP S152 PG 1 WC Psychology, Multidisciplinary SC Psychology GA 747CK UT WOS:000289297701080 ER PT J AU Perna, FM Oh, A Agurs-Collins, T Chriqui, JF Lee, SM Masse, LC AF Perna, Frank M. Oh, April Agurs-Collins, Tanya Chriqui, Jamie F. Lee, Sarah M. Masse, Louise C. TI POLICY AS A TOOL TO CHANGE SCHOOL NUTRITION AND PHYSICAL EDUCATION ENVIRONMENTS SO ANNALS OF BEHAVIORAL MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Perna, Frank M.; Oh, April; Agurs-Collins, Tanya] NCI, Div Canc Control & Populat Sci, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. [Chriqui, Jamie F.] Univ Illinois, Inst Hlth Res & Policy, Chicago, IL USA. [Masse, Louise C.] Univ British Columbia, Dept Pediat, Vancouver, BC V6T 1W5, Canada. [Lee, Sarah M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adolescent & Sch Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. EM pernafm@mail.nih.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0883-6612 J9 ANN BEHAV MED JI Ann. Behav. Med. PD APR PY 2011 VL 41 SU 1 BP S132 EP S132 PG 1 WC Psychology, Multidisciplinary SC Psychology GA 747CK UT WOS:000289297701006 ER PT J AU Janssens, ACJW Ioannidis, JPA van Duijn, CM Little, J Khoury, MJ AF Janssens, A. Cecile J. W. Ioannidis, John P. A. van Duijn, Cornelia M. Little, Julian Khoury, Muin J. CA GRIPS Grp TI Strengthening the Reporting of Genetic Risk Prediction Studies: The GRIPS Statement SO CIRCULATION-CARDIOVASCULAR GENETICS LA English DT Article ID EPIDEMIOLOGY; MARKER; ASSOCIATION; ELABORATION; EXPLANATION; GUIDELINES; STROBE; CURVE C1 [Janssens, A. Cecile J. W.; van Duijn, Cornelia M.] Erasmus MC, Dept Epidemiol, NL-3000 CA Rotterdam, Netherlands. [Ioannidis, John P. A.] Univ Ioannina, Sch Med, Dept Hyg & Epidemiol, GR-45110 Ioannina, Greece. [Ioannidis, John P. A.] Fdn Res & Technol, Biomed Res Inst, Ioannina, Greece. [Ioannidis, John P. A.] Tufts Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Ioannidis, John P. A.] Tufts Med Ctr, Inst Clin Res & Hlth Policy Studies, Ctr Genet Epidemiol & Modeling, Boston, MA USA. [Ioannidis, John P. A.] Tufts Med Ctr, Inst Clin Res & Hlth Policy Studies, Tufts CTSI, Boston, MA USA. [Ioannidis, John P. A.] Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Stanford Prevent Res Ctr, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Little, Julian] Univ Ottawa, Dept Epidemiol & Community Med, Ottawa, ON, Canada. [Khoury, Muin J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Publ Hlth Genom, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Janssens, ACJW (reprint author), Erasmus MC, Dept Epidemiol, POB 2040, NL-3000 CA Rotterdam, Netherlands. EM a.janssens@erasmusmc.nl RI Ioannidis, John/G-9836-2011; janssens, cecile/L-1075-2015; OI Janssens, A Cecile/0000-0002-6153-4976 FU Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam; Center for Medical Systems Biology of the Netherlands Genomics Initiative (NGI); Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO); National Institutes of Health/National Center for Research Resources [UL1 RR025752]; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX Dr Janssens is financially supported by grants from the Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, the Center for Medical Systems Biology in the framework of the Netherlands Genomics Initiative (NGI), and the VIDI grant of the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO). Tufts CTSI is supported by the National Institutes of Health/National Center for Research Resources (UL1 RR025752). The workshop was sponsored by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention on behalf of the Human Genome Epidemiology Network (HuGENet). NR 25 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1942-325X J9 CIRC-CARDIOVASC GENE JI Circ.-Cardiovasc. Genet. PD APR PY 2011 VL 4 IS 2 BP 206 EP 209 DI 10.1161/CIRCGENETICS.111.959668 PG 4 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Genetics & Heredity SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology; Genetics & Heredity GA 752SA UT WOS:000289712700017 PM 21406688 ER PT J AU Howard, J AF Howard, John TI Dynamic oversight: implementation gaps and challenges SO JOURNAL OF NANOPARTICLE RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Benzene; Hard law approaches; International standards; Nanobiotechnology; Nanotoxicology; National Technology Transfer and Advancement Act; Occupational Safety and Health Act; Occupational safety and health standard; REACH; Soft law approaches; Governance ID CARBON NANOTUBES; NANOTECHNOLOGY; US; EXPOSURE; NANOMATERIALS; TECHNOLOGY; STANDARDS; SHIFT AB Nanotechnology is touted as a transformative technology in that it is predicted to improve many aspects of human life. There are hundreds of products in the market that utilize nanostructures in their design, such as composite materials made out of carbon or metal oxides. Potential risks to consumers, to the environment, and to workers from the most common passive nanomaterial-carbon nanotubes-are emerging through scientific research. Newer more active nanostructures-such as cancer therapies and targeted drug systems-are also increasing in use and are raising similar risk concerns. Governing the risks to workers is the subject of this commentary. The Occupational Safety and Health Act of 1970 grants the Occupational Safety and Health Administration the legal authority to set occupational health standards to insure that no worker suffers material impairment of health from work. However, setting a standard to protect workers from nanotechnology risks may occur some time in the future because the risks to workers have not been well characterized scientifically. Alternative risk governances-such as dynamic oversight through stakeholder partnerships, "soft law" approaches, and national adoption of international consensus standards-are evaluated in this article. C1 NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, US Dept HHS, Washington, DC 20201 USA. RP Howard, J (reprint author), NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, US Dept HHS, Washington, DC 20201 USA. EM jhoward1@cdc.gov FU National Science Foundation (NSF) [0608791] FX Preparation of this article was supported by National Science Foundation (NSF) grant #0608791, "NIRT: evaluating oversight models for active nanostructures and nanosystems: learning from past technologies in a societal context'' (Principal investigator: S. M. Wolf; Co-PIs: E. Kokkoli, J. Kuzma, J. Paradise, and G. Ramachandran). The views expressed are those of the author and do not necessarily reflect the views of NSF, the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, or the U. S. Department of Health and Human Services. NR 45 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 4 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1388-0764 EI 1572-896X J9 J NANOPART RES JI J. Nanopart. Res. PD APR PY 2011 VL 13 IS 4 BP 1427 EP 1434 DI 10.1007/s11051-011-0225-2 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA 753AA UT WOS:000289735400007 ER PT J AU Reynolds, K Liese, AD Anderson, AM Dabelea, D Standiford, D Daniels, SR Waitzfelder, B Case, D Loots, B Imperatore, G Lawrence, JM AF Reynolds, Kristi Liese, Angela D. Anderson, Andrea M. Dabelea, Dana Standiford, Debra Daniels, Stephen R. Waitzfelder, Beth Case, Doug Loots, Beth Imperatore, Giuseppina Lawrence, Jean M. TI Prevalence of Tobacco Use and Association between Cardiometabolic Risk Factors and Cigarette Smoking in Youth with Type 1 or Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus SO JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article ID ADOLESCENTS; MORTALITY; ADULTS; QUESTIONNAIRE; SURVEILLANCE; RELIABILITY; COTININE; CHILDREN; DISEASE; HABITS AB Objectives To examine prevalence of tobacco use and coexistence of cardiometabolic risk factors according to smoking status in youth with diabetes mellitus. Study design Youth aged 10 to 22 years who participated in the SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth study (n = 3466) were surveyed about their tobacco use and examined for cardiometabolic risk factors: waist circumference, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, physical activity, and lipid profile. Results The prevalence of tobacco use in youth aged 10 to 14 years, 15 to 19 years, and >= 20 years with type 1 diabetes mellitus was 2.7%, 17.1%, and 34.0%, respectively, and the prevalence in youth with type 2 diabetes mellitus was 5.5%, 16.4%, and 40.3%, respectively. Smoking was more likely in youth with annual family incomes <$50 000, regardless of diabetes mellitus type. Cigarette smoking was associated with higher odds of high triglyceride levels and physical inactivity in youth with type 1 diabetes mellitus. Less than 50% of youth aged 10 to 14 years (52.2% of participants) reported having ever been counseled by their healthcare provider to not smoke or to stop smoking. Conclusions Tobacco use is prevalent in youth with diabetes mellitus. Aggressive tobacco prevention and cessation programs should be a high priority to prevent or delay the development of cardiovascular disease. (J Pediatr 2011; 158:594-601). C1 [Reynolds, Kristi; Lawrence, Jean M.] Kaiser Permanente So Calif, Dept Res & Evaluat, Pasadena, CA 91101 USA. [Liese, Angela D.] Univ S Carolina, Ctr Res Nutr & Hlth Dispar, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. [Liese, Angela D.] Univ S Carolina, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. [Anderson, Andrea M.; Case, Doug] Wake Forest Univ, Bowman Gray Sch Med, Dept Biostat Sci, Winston Salem, NC USA. [Dabelea, Dana] Univ Colorado, Colorado Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Denver, CO USA. [Case, Doug] Childrens Hosp, Dept Pediat, Cincinnati, OH 45229 USA. [Daniels, Stephen R.] Univ Colorado, Denver Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Aurora, CO USA. [Waitzfelder, Beth] Pacific Hlth Res Inst, Honolulu, HI USA. [Loots, Beth] Seattle Childrens, Seattle, WA USA. [Imperatore, Giuseppina] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Diabet Translat, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Reynolds, K (reprint author), Kaiser Permanente So Calif, Dept Res & Evaluat, 100 S Los Robles,2nd Floor, Pasadena, CA 91101 USA. EM Kristi.Reynolds@kp.org FU NCRR NIH HHS [M01 RR01070, 1UL1RR026314-01, M01RR001271, M01 RR00069, UL1 RR026314, UL1 RR025014, M01RR00037] NR 32 TC 14 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 7 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0022-3476 J9 J PEDIATR-US JI J. Pediatr. PD APR PY 2011 VL 158 IS 4 BP 594 EP U103 DI 10.1016/j.jpeds.2010.10.011 PG 9 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 733DS UT WOS:000288242200017 PM 21129757 ER PT J AU Bardenheier, B Shefer, A Ahmed, F Remsburg, R Hogue, CJR Gravenstein, S AF Bardenheier, Barbara Shefer, Abigail Ahmed, Faruque Remsburg, Robin Hogue, Carol J. Rowland Gravenstein, Stefan TI Do Vaccination Strategies Implemented by Nursing Homes Narrow the Racial Gap in Receipt of Influenza Vaccination in the United States? SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE vaccination; nursing home; racial disparity; influenza; NNHS ID LONG-TERM-CARE; RESIDENTS; QUALITY; DISPARITIES AB OBJECTIVES To determine whether the racial inequity between African Americans and Caucasians in receipt of influenza vaccine is narrower in residents of nursing homes with facility-wide vaccination strategies than in residents of facilities without vaccination strategies. DESIGN Secondary data analysis using the National Nursing Home Survey 2004, a nationally representative survey. SETTING One thousand one hundred seventy-four participating nursing homes sampled systematically with probability proportional to bed size. PARTICIPANTS Thirteen thousand five hundred seven randomly sampled residents of nursing homes between August and December 2004. MEASUREMENTS Receipt of influenza vaccine within the last year. Logistic regression was used to examine the relationship between facility-level influenza immunization strategy and racial inequity in receipt of vaccination, adjusted for characteristics at the resident, facility, state, and regional levels. RESULTS Overall in the Untied States, vaccination coverage was higher for Caucasian and African-American residents; the racial vaccination gaps were smaller (< 6 percentage points) and nonsignificant in residents of homes with standing orders for influenza vaccinations (P=.14), verbal consent allowed for vaccinations(P=.39), and routine review of facility-wide vaccination rates (P=.61) than for residents of homes without these strategies. The racial vaccination gap in residents of homes without these strategies were two to three times as high (P=.009, P=.002, and P=.002, respectively). CONCLUSION The presence of several immunization strategies in nursing homes is associated with higher vaccination coverage for Caucasian and African-American residents, narrowing the national vaccination racial gap. C1 [Bardenheier, Barbara; Shefer, Abigail; Ahmed, Faruque] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Immunizat Serv Div, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Bardenheier, Barbara; Hogue, Carol J. Rowland] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Remsburg, Robin] George Mason Univ, Coll Hlth & Human Serv, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Gravenstein, Stefan] Brown Univ, Dept Med, Alpert Med Sch, Providence, RI 02912 USA. [Gravenstein, Stefan] Qual Partners Rhode Isl, Providence, RI USA. RP Bardenheier, B (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Immunizat Serv Div, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E-52, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM bfb7@cdc.gov RI Hogue, Carol/H-5442-2012 FU Intramural CDC HHS [CC999999] NR 20 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0002-8614 J9 J AM GERIATR SOC JI J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. PD APR PY 2011 VL 59 IS 4 BP 687 EP 693 DI 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2011.03332.x PG 7 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 750DS UT WOS:000289525500015 PM 21438863 ER PT J AU Snowden, M Steinman, L Mochan, K Grodstein, F Prohaska, TR Thurman, DJ Brown, DR Laditka, JN Soares, J Zweiback, DJ Little, D Anderson, LA AF Snowden, Mark Steinman, Lesley Mochan, Kara Grodstein, Francine Prohaska, Thomas R. Thurman, David J. Brown, David R. Laditka, James N. Soares, Jesus Zweiback, Damita J. Little, Deborah Anderson, Lynda A. TI Effect of Exercise on Cognitive Performance in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: Review of Intervention Trials and Recommendations for Public Health Practice and Research SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE exercise; physical activity; cognition; older adults; review ID QUALITY-OF-LIFE; AEROBIC EXERCISE; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; REACTION-TIME; WOMEN; PROGRAM; DECLINE; MEMORY; POPULATION; IMPAIRMENT AB There is evidence from observational studies that increasing physical activity may reduce the risk of cognitive decline in older adults. Exercise intervention trials have found conflicting results. A systematic review of physical activity and exercise intervention trials on cognition in older adults was conducted. Six scientific databases and reference lists of previous reviews were searched. Thirty studies were eligible for inclusion. Articles were grouped into intervention-outcome pairings. Interventions were grouped as cardiorespiratory, strength, and multicomponent exercises. Cognitive outcomes were general cognition, executive function, memory, reaction time, attention, cognitive processing, visuospatial, and language. An eight-member multidisciplinary panel rated the quality and effectiveness of each pairing. Although there were some positive studies, the panel did not find sufficient evidence that physical activity or exercise improved cognition in older adults. Future research should report exercise adherence, use longer study durations, and determine the clinical relevance of measures used. C1 [Snowden, Mark] Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. [Steinman, Lesley] Univ Washington, Hlth Promot Res Ctr, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. [Mochan, Kara] Univ Washington, Sch Nursing, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. [Grodstein, Francine] Brigham & Womens Hosp, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Grodstein, Francine] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA USA. [Prohaska, Thomas R.] Univ Illinois, Sch Publ Hlth, Inst Hlth Res & Policy, Chicago, IL USA. [Brown, David R.; Soares, Jesus] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Phys Act & Hlth Branch, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Atlanta, GA USA. [Thurman, David J.; Anderson, Lynda A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. [Laditka, James N.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Publ Hlth Sci, Charlotte, NC 28223 USA. [Zweiback, Damita J.] Michigan Dept Community Hlth, Lansing, MI USA. [Little, Deborah] Univ Illinois, Med Ctr, Ctr Stroke Res, Ctr Cognit Med, Chicago, IL USA. [Anderson, Lynda A.] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Snowden, M (reprint author), Univ Washington, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Box 359911, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. EM snowden@u.washington.edu FU National Association of Chronic Disease Directors (NACDD); CDC's Healthy Aging Program and Healthy Brain Initiative [U48-DP000050]; NACDD; CDC; State of Illinois and University of Illinois at Chicago; National Institute on Aging; Congressionally Directed Medical Research Program; Department of Defense; Marshall Goldberg Traumatic Brain Injury Research Fund FX This research was made possible through a contract with the National Association of Chronic Disease Directors (NACDD) to the University of Washington Health Promotion Research Center and funded by the CDC's Healthy Aging Program and Healthy Brain Initiative (U48-DP000050). The authors wish to thank Bhuvana Sukumar, PhD, Ngozi Kamalu, MPH, and Sarah Abood, MPH, from Macro International, Inc. for their contributions to the literature search and expert panel. We would also like to acknowledge Rebecca Logsdon, PhD, for her contribution to the manuscript.; Conflict of Interest: Mark Snowden, Lesley Steinman, and Kara Mochan received financial support from the NACDD and the CDC through a contract to conduct this study. Thomas Prohaska and Francine Grostein received a small honorarium for their work on the expert panel for this study, supported by the contract with NACDD. Francine Grodstein receives financial support from NIH and the American Health Assistance Foundation. These funding sources provided no conflict of interest. James Laditka and Damita Zweiback received a small honorarium for their work on the expert panel for this study, supported by the contract with NACDD. Deborah Little receives funding from the State of Illinois and University of Illinois at Chicago, National Institute on Aging, Congressionally Directed Medical Research Program, Department of Defense, and the Marshall Goldberg Traumatic Brain Injury Research Fund. This funding provides no conflict of interest. NR 50 TC 74 Z9 74 U1 4 U2 35 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0002-8614 J9 J AM GERIATR SOC JI J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. PD APR PY 2011 VL 59 IS 4 BP 704 EP 716 DI 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2011.03323.x PG 13 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 750DS UT WOS:000289525500018 PM 21438861 ER PT J AU Hawkins, NA Cooper, CP Saraiya, M Gelb, CA Polonec, L AF Hawkins, Nikki A. Cooper, Crystale Purvis Saraiya, Mona Gelb, Cynthia A. Polonec, Lindsey TI Why the Pap Test? Awareness and Use of the Pap Test Among Women in the United States SO JOURNAL OF WOMENS HEALTH LA English DT Article ID SEXUALLY-TRANSMITTED DISEASES; CERVICAL-CANCER; HUMAN-PAPILLOMAVIRUS; GUIDELINES; ADHERENCE; KNOWLEDGE; TRENDS AB Objective: To inform campaign development by assessing awareness, previous receipt, and knowledge of the purpose of Papanicolaou (Pap) testing among women aged 18 years and to identify differences in awareness, receipt, and knowledge by demographic characteristics. Methods: Data were analyzed from the 2008 HealthStyles survey, an annual mail survey conducted in the United States covering trends in health-related behavior. Women were asked questions on awareness, past use, and knowledge of the purpose of the Pap test and other gynecologic tests and procedures; 2991 women participated. Results: Although 96.7% of the women had heard of and 93.0% reported having received a Pap test, these proportions were lower among those who were 18-34 years old and among those who had lower levels of education and income. Over 80% knew the Pap test was used to screen for cervical cancer, but 63.3% believed it also was used to screen for vaginal cancer (44.9%), sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) other than human papillomavirus (HPV) (41.7%), ovarian cancer (40.6%), and other cancers and infections. Conclusions: General familiarity and past receipt of the Pap test were high, but misconceptions about its purpose were prevalent. It is important that women understand what a routine Pap test is and is not capable of detecting so that signs and symptoms of gynecologic conditions other than cervical cancer may be recognized and addressed appropriately. C1 [Hawkins, Nikki A.; Saraiya, Mona; Gelb, Cynthia A.; Polonec, Lindsey] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Cooper, Crystale Purvis] Soltera Canc Prevent & Control Res Ctr, Tucson, AZ USA. RP Hawkins, NA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, 4470 Buford Highway NE,MS K-55, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM cyt4@cdc.gov NR 18 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1540-9996 J9 J WOMENS HEALTH JI J. Womens Health PD APR PY 2011 VL 20 IS 4 BP 511 EP 515 DI 10.1089/jwh.2011.2730 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Women's Studies SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Women's Studies GA 749JF UT WOS:000289460400001 PM 21443450 ER PT J AU Cooper, CP Polonec, L Gelb, CA AF Cooper, Crystale Purvis Polonec, Lindsey Gelb, Cynthia A. TI Women's Knowledge and Awareness of Gynecologic Cancer: A Multisite Qualitative Study in the United States SO JOURNAL OF WOMENS HEALTH LA English DT Article ID CERVICAL-CANCER; HUMAN-PAPILLOMAVIRUS; PAP-SMEAR; OVARIAN-CANCER; RISK-FACTORS; GUIDELINES; ATTITUDES; SYMPTOMS AB Background: U.S. women's awareness and knowledge of gynecologic cancer have not been well studied, with the exception of cervical cancer screening and risk factors. Methods: Fifteen focus groups were conducted with women aged 40-60 years in Miami, New York City, Chicago, and Los Angeles. Results: Most participants said they had heard of cervical, ovarian, and uterine cancers but were unfamiliar with vaginal and vulvar cancers. The misconception that the Pap test screens for multiple gynecologic cancers was prevalent and engendered a false sense of security in some women. An annual Pap screening interval was most familiar to participants; some mentioned a shorter screening interval for high-risk women; few mentioned an extended screening interval. A few participants thought the pelvic examination could detect a variety of conditions, including ovarian cancer. Some knew that the human papillomavirus (HPV) could cause cervical cancer, but no other risk factors for specific cancers were mentioned with any consistency. Although some recognized unexplained vaginal bleeding as a symptom of cervical cancer, participants generally were unfamiliar with gynecologic cancer symptoms. Participants reported learning about the discussion topics from a variety of sources, including the mass media. Conclusions: Participants lacked critical knowledge needed to understand their gynecologic cancer risk and seek appropriate care. Pap tests and routine examinations offer ideal opportunities to educate women about the purpose of the Pap test as well as risk factors and symptoms associated with various gynecologic cancers. The reported influence of the mass media also supports the viability of multimedia educational strategies. C1 [Polonec, Lindsey; Gelb, Cynthia A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Cooper, Crystale Purvis] Soltera Canc Prevent & Control Res Ctr, Tucson, AZ USA. RP Gelb, CA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, 4770 Buford Highway NE,MS K-64, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM cgelb@cdc.gov FU Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX Funding for this study was provided by the Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 33 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 2 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1540-9996 J9 J WOMENS HEALTH JI J. Womens Health PD APR PY 2011 VL 20 IS 4 BP 517 EP 524 DI 10.1089/jwh.2011.2765 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Women's Studies SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Women's Studies GA 749JF UT WOS:000289460400002 PM 21413897 ER PT J AU Darney, S Fowler, B Grandjean, P Heindel, J Mattison, D Slikker, W AF Darney, Sally Fowler, Bruce Grandjean, Philippe Heindel, Jerrold Mattison, Donald Slikker, William, Jr. TI Prenatal Programming and Toxicity II (PPTOX II): Role of environmental stressors in the developmental origins of disease SO REPRODUCTIVE TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Heindel, Jerrold] NIEHS, NIH, HHS, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Darney, Sally] US EPA, Off Res & Dev, Washington, DC USA. [Fowler, Bruce] Ctr Dis Control, Div Toxicol & Environm Med, ATSDR, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Grandjean, Philippe] Univ So Denmark, Odense, Denmark. [Mattison, Donald] Eunice Kennedy Shriver Natl Inst Child Hlth & Hum, NIH, HHS, Bethesda, MD USA. [Slikker, William, Jr.] US FDA, Natl Ctr Toxicol Res, Rockville, MD 20857 USA. RP Heindel, J (reprint author), NIEHS, NIH, HHS, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM heindelj@niehs.nih.gov RI Mattison, Donald/L-4661-2013; OI Mattison, Donald/0000-0001-5623-0874; Grandjean, Philippe/0000-0003-4046-9658 NR 0 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0890-6238 J9 REPROD TOXICOL JI Reprod. Toxicol. PD APR PY 2011 VL 31 IS 3 SI SI BP 271 EP 271 DI 10.1016/j.reprotox.2010.10.010 PG 1 WC Reproductive Biology; Toxicology SC Reproductive Biology; Toxicology GA 753EQ UT WOS:000289749100001 PM 21035539 ER PT J AU Chesnaye, N Sinuon, M Socheat, D Koporc, K Mathieu, E AF Chesnaye, Nicholas Sinuon, Muth Socheat, Duong Koporc, Kim Mathieu, Els TI Treatment coverage survey after a school-based mass distribution of mebendazole: Kampot Province, Cambodia SO ACTA TROPICA LA English DT Article DE Soil-transmitted helminths; Mebendazole; Coverage; School-age children; Household survey; Mass drug administration ID COMMUNITY-DIRECTED TREATMENT; SCHISTOSOMIASIS CONTROL; HELMINTH INFECTIONS; HEALTH-EDUCATION; AGE-CHILDREN; INTERVENTIONS; SANITATION; HOOKWORM; ASCARIASIS; PREVALENCE AB In efforts to reduce the global burden of soil transmitted helminth (STH) infections in school age children (SAC, 6-14 years old), Children Without Worms donates mebendazole to 8 countries with high prevalence of STH infections. Cambodia's national deworming program currently targets SAC through bi-annual school-based distributions of a single dose of mebendazole. A 30-cluster household survey was conducted in the rural province Kampot, to validate mebendazole treatment coverage in SAC and to assess the level of improved water supply and sanitation. Bi-annual primary school-based distributions proved to be an effective strategy in reaching school attending SAC, with treatment coverage rates between 84.1% and 88.8%. However, significantly lower rates (23.3-48.8%) were seen among SAC not enrolled in primary schools. Often members of the most marginalized families of the community, they are particularly at risk of STH infection. Methods to reach these children need to be explored to avoid treatment inequities. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Chesnaye, Nicholas; Mathieu, Els] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Chesnaye, Nicholas] Free Univ Amsterdam, Athena Inst, NL-1081 HV Amsterdam, Netherlands. [Sinuon, Muth; Socheat, Duong] Natl Ctr Parasitol Entomol & Malaria Control, Phnom Penh, Cambodia. [Koporc, Kim] Task Force Global Hlth, Children Worms, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Mathieu, E (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis, Mailstop F22,4770 Buford Highway, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM emm7@cdc.gov OI Chesnaye, Nicholas/0000-0003-4883-9174 FU VSNU FX The authors wish to thank the survey personnel and the staff of the National Center for Parasitology, Entomology and Malaria Control for their support. This work was funded by VSNU. NR 36 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0001-706X EI 1873-6254 J9 ACTA TROP JI Acta Trop. PD APR PY 2011 VL 118 IS 1 BP 21 EP 26 DI 10.1016/j.actatropica.2010.12.013 PG 6 WC Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA 748OF UT WOS:000289399200004 PM 21238424 ER PT J AU Ocampo, CB Salazar-Terreros, MJ Mina, NJ McAllister, J Brogdon, W AF Ocampo, Clara B. Salazar-Terreros, Myriam J. Mina, Neila J. McAllister, Janet Brogdon, William TI Insecticide resistance status of Aedes aegypti in 10 localities in Colombia SO ACTA TROPICA LA English DT Article DE Aedes aegypti; Insecticide resistance; Resistance mechanisms ID MOSQUITO PROTEIN MICROASSAY; GLUTATHIONE S-TRANSFERASES; MICROPLATE ASSAY ANALYSIS; DDT-RESISTANCE; ANOPHELES-ALBIMANUS; CROSS-RESISTANCE; CONTROL PROGRAMS; SMALL PORTIONS; DENGUE; CULICIDAE AB Insecticide resistance is one of the major threats to the effectiveness of vector control programs. In order to establish a baseline susceptibility profile of Aedes aegypti in the southwest of Colombia, 10 localities in four Departments (States) were evaluated. Standardized WHO bioassay, CDC bottle bioassay and microplate biochemical assays of non-specific beta-esterase (NSE), mixed function oxidases (MFO) and acetylcholinesterase were used. Cross resistance was evaluated with field collected mosquitoes that underwent selection pressure in the laboratory from DDT, propoxur and la mbdacyhalothrin during three alternate generations. Mosquitoes with mortality rates below 80% in bioassays were considered resistant. Insecticide resistance varied geographically. Insecticide resistance was observed in 100% of localities in which mosquitoes were exposed to DDT, bendiocarb and temephos using both assays. WHO bioassays showed susceptibility to pyrethroids in all the localities evaluated, however CDC bottle bioassays showed decreases in susceptibility especially with lambdacyhalothrin. All localities showed susceptibility to the organophosphate malathion. Mosquitoes from eight regions with evidence of resistance to any of the insecticide evaluated were also evaluated biochemically. Mosquitoes from five of these regions had increased levels of NSE and two regions had increased levels of MFO. Increase levels of NSE explain partially the low susceptibility to temephos found in all the localities. However, the biochemical mechanisms evaluated do not explain all the resistance observed. Cross resistance was observed between the DDT-selected strain and lambdacyhalothrin, and between the lambdacyhalothrin-selected strain and propoxur and vice versa. The selected strains do not show changes in the biochemical assays evaluated, therefore the observed cross-resistance suggests different biochemical mechanisms. This study shows that Ae. aegypti from Colombia can develop resistance to most of the insecticide classes in the market. Periodic surveillance of insecticide resistance is necessary in order to maintain effective interventions. This study helped to establish the National Network for the surveillance of the insecticide resistance in Colombia. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Ocampo, Clara B.; Salazar-Terreros, Myriam J.; Mina, Neila J.] CIDEIM, Cali, Colombia. [McAllister, Janet] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, CCID NCEZID VBD, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Brogdon, William] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Entomol Branch, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Ocampo, CB (reprint author), CIDEIM, Carrera 125 19-225, Cali, Colombia. EM claraocampo@cideim.org.co; mjsalazart@unal.edu.co; neilaju@gmail.com; jmcallister@cdc.gov; wgb1@cdc.gov FU Instituto Colombiano para el Desarrollo de la Ciencia y la Tecnologia "Francisco Jose de Caldas" COLCIENCIAS [219-2004] FX This project was funded by Instituto Colombiano para el Desarrollo de la Ciencia y la Tecnologia "Francisco Jose de Caldas" COLCIENCIAS. Contract No. 219-2004. NR 51 TC 34 Z9 39 U1 2 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0001-706X EI 1873-6254 J9 ACTA TROP JI Acta Trop. PD APR PY 2011 VL 118 IS 1 BP 37 EP 44 DI 10.1016/j.actatropica.2011.01.007 PG 8 WC Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA 748OF UT WOS:000289399200006 PM 21300017 ER PT J AU Allen, AS Satten, GA AF Allen, Andrew S. Satten, Glen A. TI Control for Confounding in Case-Control Studies Using the Stratification Score, a Retrospective Balancing Score SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE case-control studies; confounding factors (epidemiology); epidemiologic methods; genome-wide association study; propensity score; schizophrenia; standardization; stratification ID GENOME-WIDE ASSOCIATION; PROPENSITY SCORE; POPULATION STRATIFICATION; SCHIZOPHRENIA; MODELS; COHORT AB The stratification score for a case-control study is the probability of disease modeled as a function of potential confounders. The authors show that the stratification score is a retrospective balancing score and thus plays a similar role in case-control studies as the propensity score plays in prospective studies. The authors further show how standardization using the stratification score can be used to compare the distributions of exposures that would be found among case and control participants if both groups had the same distribution of confounding covariables. The authors illustrate these results using data from a genome-wide association study, the GAIN (Genetic Association Information Network) study of schizophrenia among African Americans (2006-2008). C1 [Satten, Glen A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Allen, Andrew S.] Duke Univ, Sch Med, Dept Biostat & Bioinformat, Durham, NC USA. [Allen, Andrew S.] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Duke Clin Res Inst, Durham, NC USA. RP Satten, GA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Mailstop K-23,1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM gsatten@cdc.gov OI Satten, Glen/0000-0001-7275-5371 FU National Institutes of Health; Genetic Association Information Network; National Institutes of Health through National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute [K25HL077663]; National Institute of Mental Health [R01 MH084680] FX Funding for the GAIN study of schizophrenia among African Americans was provided by the National Institutes of Health, and the genotyping of samples was supported by the Genetic Association Information Network. Dr. Andrew S. Allen received support from the National Institutes of Health through National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute grant K25HL077663 and National Institute of Mental Health grant R01 MH084680. NR 20 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 8 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD APR 1 PY 2011 VL 173 IS 7 BP 752 EP 760 DI 10.1093/aje/kwq406 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 747DT UT WOS:000289301200006 PM 21402731 ER PT J AU Hoots, BE Hudgens, MG Cole, SR King, CC Klein, RS Mayer, KH Rompalo, AM Sobel, JD Jamieson, DJ Smith, JS AF Hoots, Brooke E. Hudgens, Michael G. Cole, Stephen R. King, Caroline C. Klein, Robert S. Mayer, Kenneth H. Rompalo, Anne M. Sobel, Jack D. Jamieson, Denise J. Smith, Jennifer S. TI Lack of Association of Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2 Seropositivity With the Progression of HIV Infection in the HERS Cohort SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE CD4 lymphocyte count; herpes simplex; herpesvirus 2; human; HIV; viral load ID IMMUNODEFICIENCY; ACYCLOVIR; RESISTANT; WOMEN; AIDS; EPIDEMIOLOGY; REACTIVATION; PATIENT; LOAD AB Many studies have chronicled the "epidemiologic synergy" between human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2). HIV adversely affects the natural history of HSV-2 and results in more frequent and severe HSV-2 reactivation. Few longitudinal studies, however, have examined whether HSV-2 is associated with increased HIV plasma viral loads or decreased CD4 counts. The authors estimated the effect of HSV-2 seropositivity on HIV RNA viral load and on CD4 count over time among 777 HIV-seropositive US women not receiving suppressive HSV-2 therapy in the HIV Epidemiology Research Study (1993-2000). Linear mixed models were used to assess the effect of HSV-2 on log HIV viral load and CD4 count/mm(3) prior to widespread initiation of highly active antiretroviral therapy. Coinfection with HSV-2 was not associated with HIV RNA plasma viral loads during study follow-up. There was a statistically significant association between HSV-2 seropositivity and CD4 count over time, but this difference was small and counterintuitive at an increase of 8 cells/mm(3) (95% confidence interval: 2, 14) per year among HSV-2-seropositive women compared with HSV-2-seronegative women. These data do not support a clinically meaningful effect of baseline HSV-2 seropositivity on the trajectories of HIV plasma viral loads or CD4 counts. C1 [Hoots, Brooke E.; Cole, Stephen R.; Smith, Jennifer S.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Epidemiol, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Hudgens, Michael G.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Biostat, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Jamieson, Denise J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. [Klein, Robert S.] Mt Sinai Sch Med, Div Infect Dis, New York, NY USA. [Mayer, Kenneth H.] Brown Univ, Dept Med, Providence, RI 02912 USA. [Mayer, Kenneth H.] Brown Univ, Miriam Hosp, Providence, RI 02912 USA. [Rompalo, Anne M.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Div Infect Dis, Dept Med, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Sobel, Jack D.] Wayne State Univ, Sch Med, Dept Infect Dis, Detroit, MI USA. RP Smith, JS (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Dept Epidemiol, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, 2103 McGavran Greenberg Hall,Campus Box 7435, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. EM jennifers@unc.edu FU National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) [T32AI070114-01] FX Brooke Hoots' work was supported by National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) grant T32AI070114-01. NR 24 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 4 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 EI 1476-6256 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD APR 1 PY 2011 VL 173 IS 7 BP 837 EP 844 DI 10.1093/aje/kwq432 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 747DT UT WOS:000289301200016 PM 21372062 ER PT J AU Hutch, DJ Bouye, KE Skillen, E Lee, C Whitehead, L Rashid, JR AF Hutch, Daniel J. Bouye, Karen E. Skillen, Elizabeth Lee, Charles Whitehead, LaToria Rashid, Jamila R. TI Potential Strategies to Eliminate Built Environment Disparities for Disadvantaged and Vulnerable Communities SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article ID HEALTH IMPACT ASSESSMENT; ACTIVE LIVING RESEARCH; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; RESEARCH AGENDA; PUBLIC-HEALTH; CHILDHOOD; AMERICA; OBESITY; SAFETY; GOALS AB In 2006, the Federal Collaboration on Health Disparities Research (FCHDR) identified the built environment as a priority for eliminating health disparities, and charged the Built Environment Workgroup with identifying ways to eliminate health disparities and improve health outcomes. Despite extensive research and the development of a new conceptual health factors framework, gaps in knowledge exist in areas such as disproportionate environmental and community hazards, individual and cumulative risks, and other factors. The FCHDR provides the structure and opportunity to mobilize and partner with built environment stakeholders, federal partners, and interest groups to develop tools, practices, and policies for translating and disseminating the best available science to reduce health disparities. (Am J Public Health. 2011;101:587 595. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2009.173872) C1 [Hutch, Daniel J.] US EPA, Off Policy Econ & Innovat, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Bouye, Karen E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Minor Hlth & Hlth Dispar, Atlanta, GA USA. [Skillen, Elizabeth] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Natl Ctr Preparedness Detect & Control Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Lee, Charles] US EPA, Off Environm Justice, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Whitehead, LaToria] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Lead Poisoning Prevent Branch, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Rashid, Jamila R.] US Dept HHS, Off Secretary, Off Minor Hlth, Rockville, MD USA. RP Hutch, DJ (reprint author), US EPA, Off Policy Econ & Innovat, Washington, DC 20460 USA. EM hutch.dan@epamail.epa.gov NR 63 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 3 U2 13 PU AMER PUBLIC HEALTH ASSOC INC PI WASHINGTON PA 800 I STREET, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20001-3710 USA SN 0090-0036 J9 AM J PUBLIC HEALTH JI Am. J. Public Health PD APR PY 2011 VL 101 IS 4 BP 587 EP 595 DI 10.2105/AJPH.2009.173872 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 740UN UT WOS:000288820000010 PM 21389288 ER PT J AU Salazar, R Russman, AN Nagel, MA Cohrs, RJ Mahalingam, R Schmid, DS Kleinschmidt-DeMasters, BK VanEgmond, EM Gilden, D AF Salazar, Richard Russman, Andrew N. Nagel, Maria A. Cohrs, Randall J. Mahalingam, Ravi Schmid, D. Scott Kleinschmidt-DeMasters, Bette K. VanEgmond, Eve M. Gilden, Don TI Varicella Zoster Virus Ischemic Optic Neuropathy and Subclinical Temporal Artery Involvement SO ARCHIVES OF NEUROLOGY LA English DT Article ID VASCULOPATHY AB Objective: To demonstrate varicella zoster virus (VZV) infection in an asymptomatic extracranial (temporal) artery in a patient with ischemic optic neuropathy produced by VZV vasculopathy in whom the pathological changes were mistakenly identified as giant cell arteritis. Design: Case report. Setting: Teaching hospital, pathology and virology laboratory. Patient: An 80-year-old man with left ophthalmic distribution zoster who developed left ischemic optic neuropathy. Intervention: An ipsilateral temporal artery biopsy revealed inflammation that was mistakenly identified as giant cell arteritis. The patient was initially treated with steroids but his condition did not improve. When the diagnosis of VZV vasculopathy was confirmed virologically and the patient was treated with intravenous acyclovir, his vision improved. Results: Pathological and virological studies provided proof of VZV vasculopathy in the asymptomatic temporal artery. Varicella zoster virus antigen was abundant in arterial adventitia and scattered throughout the media. With intravenous antiviral therapy, the patient's vision improved. Conclusion: Although in previously studied patients who died of chronic VZV vasculopathy after 10 to 12 months, VZV antigen was present exclusively in the intima, collective analyses of chronic cases and the asymptomatic VZV-infected temporal artery suggest that virus enters arteries through the adventitia and spreads transmurally to the intima. C1 [Salazar, Richard; Russman, Andrew N.] Henry Ford Hosp, Dept Neurol, Detroit, MI 48202 USA. [VanEgmond, Eve M.] Henry Ford Hosp, Dept Pathol, Detroit, MI 48202 USA. [VanEgmond, Eve M.] Henry Ford Hosp, Dept Lab Med, Detroit, MI 48202 USA. [Nagel, Maria A.; Cohrs, Randall J.; Mahalingam, Ravi; Gilden, Don] Univ Colorado, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, Aurora, CO 80045 USA. [Kleinschmidt-DeMasters, Bette K.] Univ Colorado, Sch Med, Dept Pathol, Aurora, CO 80045 USA. [Gilden, Don] Univ Colorado, Sch Med, Dept Microbiol, Aurora, CO 80045 USA. [Schmid, D. Scott] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Gilden, D (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, Box B182,12700 E 19th Ave, Aurora, CO 80045 USA. EM don.gilden@ucdenver.edu FU Public Health Service, National Institutes of Health [AG006127, AG032958, NS067070] FX This study was supported in part by the Public Health Service grants AG006127 (Dr Gilden), AG032958 (Drs Gilden, Cohrs, and Mahalingam), and NS067070 (Dr Nagel) from the National Institutes of Health. NR 10 TC 31 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 330 N WABASH AVE, STE 39300, CHICAGO, IL 60611-5885 USA SN 0003-9942 EI 1538-3687 J9 ARCH NEUROL-CHICAGO JI Arch. Neurol. PD APR PY 2011 VL 68 IS 4 BP 517 EP 520 PG 4 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 748CY UT WOS:000289368800017 PM 21482932 ER PT J AU Grubbs, V Plantinga, LC Crews, DC Bibbins-Domingo, K Saran, R Heung, M Patel, PR Burrows, NR Ernst, KL Powe, NR AF Grubbs, Vanessa Plantinga, Laura C. Crews, Deidra C. Bibbins-Domingo, Kirsten Saran, Rajiv Heung, Michael Patel, Priti R. Burrows, Nilka Rios Ernst, Kristina L. Powe, Neil R. CA Ctr Dis Control & Prevention CKD S TI Vulnerable Populations and the Association between Periodontal and Chronic Kidney Disease SO CLINICAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY LA English DT Article ID STAGE RENAL-DISEASE; POTENTIAL EXPLANATORY FACTORS; GLOMERULAR-FILTRATION-RATE; FOAM CELL-FORMATION; UNITED-STATES; PORPHYROMONAS-GINGIVALIS; ATHEROSCLEROSIS RISK; RACIAL-DIFFERENCES; SERUM CREATININE; AFRICAN-AMERICAN AB Background and objectives Recent studies suggest an overall association between chronic kidney disease (CKD) and periodontal disease, but it is unknown whether this association is similar across various sub-populations. Design, setting, participants, & measurements This study was a cross-sectional analysis of 2001 to 2004 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data. CKD was defined as a urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio >= 30 mg/g or estimated GFR of 15 to 59 ml/min per 1.73 m(2). Adjusted odds ratios were calculated using multivariable logistic regression with U.S. population-based weighting. Results These analyses included 6199 dentate adult participants (aged 21 to 75 years) with periodontal exams. The estimated prevalences of moderate/severe periodontal disease and CKD were 5.3% and 10.6%, respectively. Periodontal disease was associated with > 2-fold higher risk of CKD that was moderately attenuated after adjustment for age, gender, race/ethnicity, tobacco use, hypertension, diabetes, educational attainment, poverty index ratio, and dental care use. There were no statistically significant interactions between periodontal disease and race/ethnicity, educational attainment, or poverty status. Less-than-recommended dental care use was associated with periodontal disease and CKD and was increasingly prevalent among nonwhites, lower educational attainment, and lower poverty status. Conclusions The association between periodontal disease and CKD is not significantly different among subgroups. However, because nonwhites, those with a lower educational level, and the poor less frequently report use of recommended dental care, the association between periodontal disease and kidney function over time may become stronger among these groups and warrants further investigation. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 6: 711-717, 2011. doi: 10.2215/CJN.08270910 C1 [Grubbs, Vanessa] Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco Gen Hosp, Renal Ctr, Div Nephrol, San Francisco, CA 94110 USA. [Plantinga, Laura C.; Bibbins-Domingo, Kirsten; Powe, Neil R.] Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco Gen Hosp, Dept Med, San Francisco, CA 94110 USA. [Crews, Deidra C.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Med, Div Nephrol, Baltimore, MD USA. [Saran, Rajiv; Heung, Michael] Univ Michigan, Dept Internal Med, Div Nephrol, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Patel, Priti R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. [Burrows, Nilka Rios; Ernst, Kristina L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Diabet Translat, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Grubbs, V (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco Gen Hosp, Renal Ctr, Div Nephrol, Box 1341,1001 Potrero Ave,Bldg 100,Room 342, San Francisco, CA 94110 USA. EM grubbsv@medsfgh.ucsf.edu FU CDC through the Association of American Medical Colleges (AAMC) [5U36CD319276, MM-1143-10/10]; National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Disease, Bethesda, Maryland [R01 DK70939, K24DK02643]; Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, Princeton, New Jersey FX We thank the participants and staff of the NHANES survey. We also thank Gary Armitage for guidance regarding periodontal disease case definitions. The CDC CKD Surveillance Team consists of members from the University of California-San Francisco (Neil Powe, Laura Plantinga, Kirsten Bibbins-Domingo, Josef Coresh, Alan Go, Chi-Yuan Hsu, Lesley Stevens, Deidra Crews, and Vanessa Grubbs), the University of Michigan (Rajiv Saran, Elizabeth Hedgeman, Brenda Gillespie, William Herman, Friedrich Port, Bruce Robinson, Vahakn Shahinian, Michael Heung, Jerry Yee, and Eric Young), and CDC (Desmond Williams, Nilka Rios Burrows, Mark Eberhardt, Paul Eggers, Nicole Flowers, Linda Geiss, Susan Hailpern, Regina Jordan, Juanita Mondeshire, Bernice Moore, Gary Myers, Meda Pavkov, Deborah Rolka, Sharon Saydah, Anton Schoolwerth, Rodolfo Valdez, and Larry Waller). This project was supported under a cooperative agreement from CDC through the Association of American Medical Colleges (AAMC), grant number 5U36CD319276, AAMC ID number MM-1143-10/10. Publication and report contents are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of the AAMC or CDC. Dr. Grubbs is supported by a Diversity Supplement to grant R01 DK70939 from the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Disease, Bethesda, Maryland. Dr. Powe is partially supported by grant K24DK02643 from the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Disease, Bethesda, Maryland. Dr. Crews is supported by the Harold Amos Medical Faculty Development Program of the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, Princeton, New Jersey. Drs. Bibbins-Domingo and Powe and Ms. Plantinga are members of the University of California-San Francisco Center for Vulnerable Populations at San Francisco General Hospital and Trauma Center. NR 33 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER SOC NEPHROLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1725 I ST, NW STE 510, WASHINGTON, DC 20006 USA SN 1555-9041 EI 1555-905X J9 CLIN J AM SOC NEPHRO JI Clin. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. PD APR PY 2011 VL 6 IS 4 BP 711 EP 717 DI 10.2215/CJN.08270910 PG 7 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 746DU UT WOS:000289223600005 PM 21350109 ER PT J AU Guarner, J Brandt, ME AF Guarner, Jeannette Brandt, Mary E. TI Histopathologic Diagnosis of Fungal Infections in the 21st Century SO CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY REVIEWS LA English DT Review ID IN-SITU HYBRIDIZATION; ALLERGIC BRONCHOPULMONARY ASPERGILLOSIS; INVASIVE MOLD INFECTIONS; PARAFFIN-EMBEDDED TISSUE; CENTRAL-NERVOUS-SYSTEM; NESTED PCR ASSAYS; REAL-TIME PCR; IMMUNOCOMPROMISED PATIENTS; PULMONARY ASPERGILLOSIS; DISSEMINATED COCCIDIOIDOMYCOSIS AB Fungal infections are becoming more frequent because of expansion of at-risk populations and the use of treatment modalities that permit longer survival of these patients. Because histopathologic examination of tissues detects fungal invasion of tissues and vessels as well as the host reaction to the fungus, it is and will remain an important tool to define the diagnostic significance of positive culture isolates or results from PCR testing. However, there are very few instances where the morphological characteristics of fungi are specific. Therefore, histopathologic diagnosis should be primarily descriptive of the fungus and should include the presence or absence of tissue invasion and the host reaction to the infection. The pathology report should also include a comment stating the most frequent fungi associated with that morphology as well as other possible fungi and parasites that should be considered in the differential diagnosis. Alternate techniques have been used to determine the specific agent present in the histopathologic specimen, including immunohistochemistry, in situ hybridization, and PCR. In addition, techniques such as laser microdissection will be useful to detect the now more frequently recognized dual fungal infections and the local environment in which this phenomenon occurs. C1 [Guarner, Jeannette] Emory Univ, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Brandt, Mary E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mycot Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Guarner, J (reprint author), Emory Univ Hosp, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, 1364 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. EM jguarne@emory.edu RI Guarner, Jeannette/B-8273-2013 NR 163 TC 108 Z9 112 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0893-8512 J9 CLIN MICROBIOL REV JI Clin. Microbiol. Rev. PD APR PY 2011 VL 24 IS 2 BP 247 EP 280 DI 10.1128/CMR.00053-10 PG 34 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 747UV UT WOS:000289346500002 PM 21482725 ER PT J AU Parsons, LM Somoskovi, A Gutierrez, C Lee, E Paramasivan, CN Abimiku, A Spector, S Roscigno, G Nkengasong, J AF Parsons, Linda M. Somoskoevi, Akos Gutierrez, Cristina Lee, Evan Paramasivan, C. N. Abimiku, Alash'le Spector, Steven Roscigno, Giorgio Nkengasong, John TI Laboratory Diagnosis of Tuberculosis in Resource-Poor Countries: Challenges and Opportunities SO CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY REVIEWS LA English DT Review ID RESISTANT MYCOBACTERIUM-TUBERCULOSIS; NUCLEIC-ACID AMPLIFICATION; COMMERCIAL URINARY LIPOARABINOMANNAN; MEDIATED ISOTHERMAL AMPLIFICATION; SLOWLY GROWING MYCOBACTERIA; SPUTUM SMEAR MICROSCOPY; GENOTYPE MTBDR ASSAY; LINE PROBE ASSAY; REAL-TIME PCR; CLINICAL SPECIMENS AB With an estimated 9.4 million new cases globally, tuberculosis (TB) continues to be a major public health concern. Eighty percent of all cases worldwide occur in 22 high-burden, mainly resource-poor settings. This devastating impact of tuberculosis on vulnerable populations is also driven by its deadly synergy with HIV. Therefore, building capacity and enhancing universal access to rapid and accurate laboratory diagnostics are necessary to control TB and HIV-TB coinfections in resource-limited countries. The present review describes several new and established methods as well as the issues and challenges associated with implementing quality tuberculosis laboratory services in such countries. Recently, the WHO has endorsed some of these novel methods, and they have been made available at discounted prices for procurement by the public health sector of high-burden countries. In addition, international and national laboratory partners and donors are currently evaluating other new diagnostics that will allow further and more rapid testing in point-of-care settings. While some techniques are simple, others have complex requirements, and therefore, it is important to carefully determine how to link these new tests and incorporate them within a country's national diagnostic algorithm. Finally, the successful implementation of these methods is dependent on key partnerships in the international laboratory community and ensuring that adequate quality assurance programs are inherent in each country's laboratory network. C1 [Parsons, Linda M.; Nkengasong, John] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global AIDS Program, Int Lab Branch, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Somoskoevi, Akos; Gutierrez, Cristina; Lee, Evan; Paramasivan, C. N.; Roscigno, Giorgio] Fdn Innovat New Diagnost, Geneva, Switzerland. [Abimiku, Alash'le] Univ Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [Spector, Steven] Amer Soc Microbiol, Lab Capac Grp, Washington, DC USA. RP Nkengasong, J (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global AIDS Program, Int Lab Branch, 1600 Clifton Rd,Bldg 18,Room 153,MS G45, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM JNkengasong@cdc.gov RI Gutierrez, Cristina/B-5597-2012 OI Gutierrez, Cristina/0000-0002-5567-5908 NR 214 TC 110 Z9 113 U1 1 U2 21 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0893-8512 J9 CLIN MICROBIOL REV JI Clin. Microbiol. Rev. PD APR PY 2011 VL 24 IS 2 BP 314 EP + DI 10.1128/CMR.00059-10 PG 39 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 747UV UT WOS:000289346500005 PM 21482728 ER PT J AU Parks, SE Kim, KH Day, NL Garza, MA Larkby, CA AF Parks, Sharyn E. Kim, Kevin H. Day, Nancy L. Garza, Mary A. Larkby, Cynthia A. TI Lifetime Self-Reported Victimization Among Low-Income, Urban Women: The Relationship Between Childhood Maltreatment and Adult Violent Victimization SO JOURNAL OF INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE LA English DT Article DE childhood maltreatment; adult violent victimization; violence against women; intimate partner violence; race; socioeconomic status ID INTIMATE PARTNER VIOLENCE; POSTTRAUMATIC-STRESS-DISORDER; SEXUAL-ABUSE; PHYSICAL ABUSE; HISPANIC COUPLES; SUBSTANCE-ABUSE; HOUSEHOLD DYSFUNCTION; LONGITUDINAL ANALYSIS; MULTIPLE FORMS; UNITED-STATES AB Study aims were to examine the relations between multiple forms of childhood maltreatment (CM) and adult violent victimization (AVV) and to explore other significant covariates of the relations between CM and AVV. Data were collected from women (n = 477) who participated in two longitudinal studies in the Maternal Health Practices and Child Development Project. Women with a history of CM were more than twice as likely to experience AVV as women with no history of CM. Those who experienced one or two forms of CM were significantly more likely to report any AVV compared to women with no CM. The relationship between CM and AVV remained significant after controlling for illicit drug use at baseline. Among low-income women, a history of CM exposure increased the risk of AVV. Having had any CM exposure was more important that the specific form or combination of forms, of CM exposure (e. g., sexual abuse or physical abuse). C1 [Larkby, Cynthia A.] Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. [Day, Nancy L.] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Parks, Sharyn E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Garza, Mary A.] Univ Pittsburgh, Grad Sch Publ Health, Ctr Minor Hlth, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. [Kim, Kevin H.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Psychol, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. RP Larkby, CA (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, 3811 OHara St, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. EM larkby@pitt.edu RI Day, Nancy/H-3171-2016 FU NIAAA NIH HHS [K01 AA000312, K01 AA000312-01, K01 AA00312, R01 AA06666]; NIDA NIH HHS [R01 DA03874]; NIMH NIH HHS [MH15169] NR 60 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 5 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0886-2605 EI 1552-6518 J9 J INTERPERS VIOLENCE JI J. Interpers. Violence PD APR PY 2011 VL 26 IS 6 BP 1111 EP 1128 DI 10.1177/0886260510368158 PG 18 WC Criminology & Penology; Family Studies; Psychology, Applied SC Criminology & Penology; Family Studies; Psychology GA 746JC UT WOS:000289240900002 PM 20498381 ER PT J AU Machado, ACS Bandea, CI Alves, MFC Joseph, K Igietseme, J Miranda, AE Guimaraes, EMB Turchi, MD Black, CM AF Machado, Ana C. S. Bandea, Claudiu I. Alves, Maria F. C. Joseph, Kahaliah Igietseme, Joseph Miranda, Angelica E. Guimaraes, Eleuse M. B. Turchi, Marilia D. Black, Carolyn M. TI Distribution of Chlamydia trachomatis genovars among youths and adults in Brazil SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID OUTER-MEMBRANE PROTEIN; HIGH-RISK WOMEN; CLINICAL-MANIFESTATIONS; ENDOCERVICAL SPECIMENS; MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY; SEQUENCE-ANALYSIS; INFECTION; SEROVARS; STRAINS; PREVALENCE AB Despite a high prevalence of sexually transmitted Chlamydia trachomatis infections in Brazil and other countries in South America, very little is known about the distribution of C. trachomatis genovars. In this study, we genotyped C. trachomatis strains from urine or endocervical specimens collected from 163 C. trachomatis-positive female and male youths, and female adults, residing in two different regions of Brazil, the city of Goiania located in the central part of Brazil, and the city of Vitoria in the south-east region. C. trachomatis strains were genotyped by amplifying and sequencing the ompA gene encoding the chlamydial major outer-membrane protein, which is genovar specific. We found nine different C. trachomatis genovars: E (39.3%), F (16.6%), D (15.9%), I(8.6%), J (7.4%), G (4.9%), K (3.1%), H (2.4%) and B (1.8%). The distribution of the C. trachomatis genovars in the two regions of Brazil was similar, and there was no statistically significant association of serovars with age, gender, number of sexual partners or clinical symptoms. The overall distribution of C. trachomatis genovars in Brazil appears similar to that found in other regions of the world, where E, D and F are the most common. This supports the notion that, during the last few decades, the overall distribution of C. trachomatis genovars throughout the world has been relatively stable. C1 [Machado, Ana C. S.; Alves, Maria F. C.] Univ Fed Goias, Dept Microbiol Immunol Parasitol & Pathol, Inst Trop Pathol & Publ Hlth, Goiania, Go, Brazil. [Bandea, Claudiu I.; Joseph, Kahaliah; Igietseme, Joseph; Black, Carolyn M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Resources, Atlanta, GA USA. [Miranda, Angelica E.] Univ Fed Espirito Santo, Vitoria, Spain. [Guimaraes, Eleuse M. B.] Univ Fed Goias, Div Adolescent Med, Dept Pediat, Fac Med, Goiania, Go, Brazil. [Turchi, Marilia D.] Univ Fed Goias, Dept Community Hlth, Inst Trop Pathol & Publ Hlth, Goiania, Go, Brazil. RP Alves, MFC (reprint author), Univ Fed Goias, Dept Microbiol Immunol Parasitol & Pathol, Inst Trop Pathol & Publ Hlth, Goiania, Go, Brazil. EM fc-alves@hotmail.com RI Iats, Inct/K-2300-2013 FU National Council of Technological and Scientific Development (CNPq), Brazil [141821/2006-0] FX A. C. S. M. was supported by a scholarship from the National Council of Technological and Scientific Development (CNPq), Brazil (project number 141821/2006-0). We thank Y. A. R. Lima for technical assistance. NR 37 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 1 PU SOC GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY PI READING PA MARLBOROUGH HOUSE, BASINGSTOKE RD, SPENCERS WOODS, READING RG7 1AG, BERKS, ENGLAND SN 0022-2615 EI 1473-5644 J9 J MED MICROBIOL JI J. Med. Microbiol. PD APR PY 2011 VL 60 IS 4 BP 472 EP 476 DI 10.1099/jmm.0.026476-0 PG 5 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 751AI UT WOS:000289589300010 PM 21183598 ER PT J AU Friedman, DB Andacht, TM Bunger, MK Chien, AS Hawke, DH Krijgsveld, J Lane, WS Lilley, KS MacCoss, MJ Moritz, RL Settlage, RE Sherman, NE Weintraub, ST Witkowska, HE Yates, NA Turck, CW AF Friedman, David B. Andacht, Tracy M. Bunger, Maureen K. Chien, Allis S. Hawke, David H. Krijgsveld, Jeroen Lane, William S. Lilley, Kathryn S. MacCoss, Michael J. Moritz, Robert L. Settlage, Robert E. Sherman, Nicholas E. Weintraub, Susan T. Witkowska, H. Ewa Yates, Nathan A. Turck, Christoph W. TI The ABRF Proteomics Research Group Studies: Educational exercises for qualitative and quantitative proteomic analyses SO PROTEOMICS LA English DT Article DE Identification; Serum biomarkers; Shotgun proteomics; Technology AB Resource (core) facilities have played an ever-increasing role in furnishing the scientific community with specialized instrumentation and expertise for proteomics experiments in a cost-effective manner. The Proteomics Research Group (PRG) of the Association of Biomolecular Resource Facilities (ABRF) has sponsored a number of research studies designed to enable participants to try new techniques and assess their capabilities relative to other laboratories analyzing the same samples. Presented here are results from three PRG studies representing different samples that are typically analyzed in a core facility, ranging from simple protein identification to targeted analyses, and include intentional challenges to reflect realistic studies. The PRG2008 study compares different strategies for the qualitative characterization of proteins, particularly the utility of complementary methods for characterizing truncated protein forms. The use of different approaches for determining quantitative differences for several target proteins in human plasma was the focus of the PRG2009 study. The PRG2010 study explored different methods for determining specific constituents while identifying unforeseen problems that could account for unanticipated results associated with the different samples, and included N-15-labeled proteins as an additional challenge. These studies provide a valuable educational resource to research laboratories and core facilities, as well as a mechanism for establishing good laboratory practices. C1 [Friedman, David B.] Vanderbilt Univ, Mass Spectrometry Res Ctr, Sch Med, Nashville, TN 37232 USA. [Andacht, Tracy M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Bunger, Maureen K.] RTI Int, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Chien, Allis S.] Stanford Univ, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Hawke, David H.] Univ Texas MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Lane, William S.] Harvard Univ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Krijgsveld, Jeroen] EMBL, Heidelberg, Germany. [Lilley, Kathryn S.] Univ Cambridge, Cambridge, England. [MacCoss, Michael J.] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Moritz, Robert L.] Inst Syst Biol, Seattle, WA USA. [Settlage, Robert E.] Virginia Bioinformat Inst, Blacksburg, VA USA. [Sherman, Nicholas E.] Univ Virginia, Charlottesville, VA USA. [Weintraub, Susan T.] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. [Witkowska, H. Ewa] Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Yates, Nathan A.] Merck Res Labs, Rahway, NJ USA. [Turck, Christoph W.] Max Planck Inst Psychiat, D-80804 Munich, Germany. RP Friedman, DB (reprint author), Vanderbilt Univ, Mass Spectrometry Res Ctr, Sch Med, 465 21st Ave S,Room 9114C,Med Res Bldg 3, Nashville, TN 37232 USA. EM david.friedman@Vanderbilt.edu; turck@mpipsykl.mpg.de RI Krijgsveld, Jeroen/F-5974-2011; OI Hawke, David/0000-0002-6102-7843 FU Association of Biomolecular Resource Facilities FX The Proteomics Research Group studies were funded by the Association of Biomolecular Resource Facilities. The PRG would like to thank all participants for making our studies possible and successful. The PRG gratefully acknowledges the assistance of the following people: Brain Dattilo, Susan Meyn, and Walter Chazin (Vanderbilt Center for Structural Biology) for supplying the RAGE samples for PRG2008, Evelin Szakal (UCSF) who served as the anonymizer for PRG2008, Peter Sharratt (University of Cambridge) for amino acid analysis, Giuseppina Maccarrone and Christiane Rewerts (Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry) for preparing PRG2009 test samples, Karolina Krasinska (Stanford University) for anonymizing the PRG2009 study participants, Bih-Fang Pan (MD Anderson Cancer Center) for performing Western Blots and other tests on initial samples to ensure sample quality for PRG2009, Julie Coleman and Salisha Hill (Vanderbilt University) for PRG2009 sample testing, Kristi Nelson (Virginia Commonwealth University) for acquiring MS/MS spectra on the PRG2009 protein standards, Yoana Dimitrova and Walter Chazin (Vanderbilt University) for providing PRG2010 samples, Sarah Stuart and Salisha Hill (Vanderbilt University), Maurizio Splendore (Stanford University), and XinxinZhang (RTI International) and Bih-Fang Pan (MD Anderson Cancer Center) for PRG2010 sample preparation and testing. NR 6 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1615-9853 J9 PROTEOMICS JI Proteomics PD APR PY 2011 VL 11 IS 8 BP 1371 EP 1381 DI 10.1002/pmic.201000736 PG 11 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 750EV UT WOS:000289528800001 PM 21394914 ER PT J AU Phoutrides, E Jusino-Mendez, T Perez-Medina, T Seda-Lozada, R Garcia-Negron, M Davila-Toro, F Hunsperger, E AF Phoutrides, Elena Jusino-Mendez, Tamara Perez-Medina, Taonex Seda-Lozada, Rafael Garcia-Negron, Myriam Davila-Toro, Francisco Hunsperger, Elizabeth TI The Utility of Animal Surveillance in the Detection of West Nile Virus Activity in Puerto Rico, 2007 SO VECTOR-BORNE AND ZOONOTIC DISEASES LA English DT Article DE animals; Puerto Rico; surveillance; tropics; West Nile virus ID LINKED IMMUNOSORBENT ASSAYS; IMMUNOGLOBULIN-M; ANTIBODIES; MEXICO; MOSQUITOS AB After the isolation of West Nile virus (WNV) from humans, mosquitoes, and chickens in 2007, an analysis of animal surveillance involving multiple species (horses, monkeys, sheep, dogs, and birds) used to track WNV transmission from 2006 to 2008 was performed. During this period 13.4% of all the animal samples collected were seropositive by blocking ELISA for WNV. The most complete island-wide sampling was obtained from horses of which 22% were serologically positive and 96% were confirmed as WNV infections by plaque-reduction neutralization test. Our conclusion from this 3-year study is that animal surveillance is an early indicator of WNV activity before the identification of human cases. Additionally, the results indicated that horses have a greater geographical range and should be continued to be used as sentinels for passive surveillance in the tropics. C1 [Phoutrides, Elena; Hunsperger, Elizabeth] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, Dengue Branch, San Juan, PR 00920 USA. [Jusino-Mendez, Tamara; Perez-Medina, Taonex; Seda-Lozada, Rafael; Garcia-Negron, Myriam; Davila-Toro, Francisco] Puerto Rico Dept Hlth, San Juan, PR USA. RP Hunsperger, E (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, Dengue Branch, 1324 Calle Canada, San Juan, PR 00920 USA. EM enh4@cdc.gov NR 15 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 5 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1530-3667 EI 1557-7759 J9 VECTOR-BORNE ZOONOT JI Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis. PD APR PY 2011 VL 11 IS 4 BP 447 EP 450 DI 10.1089/vbz.2010.0011 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 749JN UT WOS:000289461600017 PM 20575642 ER PT J AU Lieb, S Prejean, J Thompson, DR Fallon, SJ Cooper, H Gates, GJ Liberti, TM Friedman, SR Malow, RM AF Lieb, Spencer Prejean, Joseph Thompson, Daniel R. Fallon, Stephen J. Cooper, Hannah Gates, Gary J. Liberti, Thomas M. Friedman, Samuel R. Malow, Robert M. TI HIV Prevalence Rates Among Men Who Have Sex with Men in the Southern United States: Population-Based Estimates by Race/Ethnicity SO AIDS AND BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article DE Men who have sex with men; HIV/AIDS; HIV prevalence; Epidemic modeling; Racial/ethnic disparities ID SURVEILLANCE DATA; YOUNG MEN; HIV/AIDS; RISK; TRANSMISSION; DISPARITIES; PREVENTION; FLORIDA; HEALTH AB States across the U.S. lack effective ways to quantify HIV prevalence rates among men who have sex with men (MSM). We estimated population-based HIV prevalence rates among MSM in the 17 southern states by race/ethnicity. Through 2007, estimated HIV prevalence rates per 100,000 MSM ranged from 2,607.6 among white (non-Hispanic) MSM in Maryland to 41,512.9 among black (non-Hispanic) MSM in the District of Columbia. Black MSM rates significantly exceeded Hispanic and white MSM rates in each state. Significant racial/ethnic disparities in rates persisted in a sensitivity analysis examining the possibility that minority MSM populations had been underestimated in each state. Compared with black, Hispanic, and white non-MSM males, respectively, rates at the regional level were 25.2 times higher for black MSM, 43.0 times higher for Hispanic MSM, and 106.0 times higher for white MSM. State-level analysis of racial/ethnic-specific MSM HIV prevalence rates can help guide resource allocation and assist advocacy. C1 [Lieb, Spencer; Thompson, Daniel R.; Liberti, Thomas M.] Bur HIV AIDS, Florida Dept Hlth, Tallahassee, FL 32399 USA. [Prejean, Joseph] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Fallon, Stephen J.] Skills4 Inc, Ft Lauderdale, FL USA. [Cooper, Hannah] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Gates, Gary J.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Law, Williams Inst, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. [Friedman, Samuel R.] Natl Dev & Res Inst Inc, New York, NY 10010 USA. [Friedman, Samuel R.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Malow, Robert M.] Florida Int Univ, Robert Stempel Coll Publ Hlth & Social Work, Miami, FL 33199 USA. RP Lieb, S (reprint author), Bur HIV AIDS, Florida Dept Hlth, 2585 Merchants Row Blvd,Suite 350, Tallahassee, FL 32399 USA. EM spencer_lieb@doh.state.fl.us FU NIDA NIH HHS [R01 DA013336, R01 DA13336] NR 35 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 7 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1090-7165 J9 AIDS BEHAV JI AIDS behav. PD APR PY 2011 VL 15 IS 3 BP 596 EP 606 DI 10.1007/s10461-010-9820-y PG 11 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences, Biomedical SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Biomedical Social Sciences GA 740LP UT WOS:000288796400009 PM 20872062 ER PT J AU Guadamuz, TE Wimonsate, W Varangrat, A Phanuphak, P Jommaroeng, R McNicholl, JM Mock, PA Tappero, JW van Griensven, F AF Guadamuz, Thomas E. Wimonsate, Wipas Varangrat, Anchalee Phanuphak, Praphan Jommaroeng, Rapeepun McNicholl, Janet M. Mock, Philip A. Tappero, Jordan W. van Griensven, Frits TI HIV Prevalence, Risk Behavior, Hormone Use and Surgical History Among Transgender Persons in Thailand SO AIDS AND BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article DE Men who have sex with men; Transgender; HIV/AIDS; Hormone use; Silicone injection; Thailand ID TO-FEMALE TRANSSEXUALS; SAN-FRANCISCO; SEX; MEN; DISCRIMINATION; HEALTH AB While Male-to-female transgender persons (TG) are believed to often engage in sex work and have high HIV infection risk, little is known about demographics, surgical and hormone use history, risk behaviors and HIV prevalence. Between March and October 2005, 474 TG from Bangkok, Chiangmai, and Phuket were surveyed using venue-day-time sampling. Of 474 participants, overall HIV prevalence was 13.5%. Most participants had completed at least secondary or vocational education (79.2%), gender self-identified as female (89.0%), had received money, gifts or valuables for sex (60.8%), and reported hormone use (88.6%). Surgical history was taken from 325 participants. Of these, 68.6% reported some form of surgery and 11.1% had undergone penile-vaginal reconstructive surgery. In multivariate analysis, being recruited from a park/street; older age, anal sex role identification as "versatile" and anal sex debut before age 13 were independently associated with HIV prevalence. The development, implementation and evaluation of culturally appropriate sexual health interventions for Thai TG is urgently needed. C1 [Guadamuz, Thomas E.; Wimonsate, Wipas; Varangrat, Anchalee; McNicholl, Janet M.; Mock, Philip A.; Tappero, Jordan W.; van Griensven, Frits] Minist Publ Hlth, Thailand Minist Publ Hlth, US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent Collaborat, Nonthaburi 11000, Thailand. [Guadamuz, Thomas E.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Baltimore, MD USA. [Phanuphak, Praphan; Jommaroeng, Rapeepun] Thai Red Cross Soc, AIDS Res Ctr, Bangkok, Thailand. [Jommaroeng, Rapeepun] Rainbow Sky Assoc Thailand, Bangkok, Thailand. [McNicholl, Janet M.; van Griensven, Frits] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Tappero, Jordan W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global AIDS Program, Atlanta, GA USA. RP van Griensven, F (reprint author), Minist Publ Hlth, Thailand Minist Publ Hlth, US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent Collaborat, DDC 7 Bldg, Nonthaburi 11000, Thailand. EM fav1@cdc.gov RI van Griensven, Frits/G-4719-2013 OI van Griensven, Frits/0000-0002-0971-2843 FU NIAID NIH HHS [F31 AI064144, F31 AI064144-01, F31AI064144] NR 33 TC 25 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 11 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1090-7165 J9 AIDS BEHAV JI AIDS behav. PD APR PY 2011 VL 15 IS 3 BP 650 EP 658 DI 10.1007/s10461-010-9850-5 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences, Biomedical SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Biomedical Social Sciences GA 740LP UT WOS:000288796400016 PM 21104008 ER PT J AU Broussard, CS Rasmussen, SA Reefhuis, J Friedman, JM Jann, MW Riehle-Colarusso, T Honein, MA AF Broussard, Cheryl S. Rasmussen, Sonja A. Reefhuis, Jennita Friedman, Jan M. Jann, Michael W. Riehle-Colarusso, Tiffany Honein, Margaret A. CA Natl Birth Defects Prevent Study TI Maternal treatment with opioid analgesics and risk for birth defects SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 25th International Conference on Pharmacoepidemiology and Therapeutic Risk Management CY AUG 16-19, 2009 CL Providence, RI DE analgesic; birth defect; medication; opioid; pregnancy ID CONGENITAL HEART-DEFECTS; UNITED-STATES; INFANT-MORTALITY; EARLY-PREGNANCY; GROWTH-FACTOR; DRUG-USE; DISEASE; MALFORMATIONS; PREVENTION; PREVALENCE AB OBJECTIVE: We examined whether maternal opioid treatment between 1 month before pregnancy and the first trimester was associated with birth defects. STUDY DESIGN: The National Birth Defects Prevention Study (1997 through 2005) is an ongoing population-based case-control study. We estimated adjusted odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIS) for birth defects categories with at least 200 case infants or at least 4 exposed case infants. RESULTS: Therapeutic opioid use was reported by 2.6% of 17,449 case mothers and 2.0% of 6701 control mothers. Treatment was statistically significantly associated with conoventricular septal defects (OR, 2.7; 95% CI, 1.1-6.3), atrioventricular septal defects (OR, 2.0; 95% CI, 1.2-3.6), hypoplastic left heart syndrome (OR, 2.4; 95% CI, 1.4-4.1), spina bifida (OR, 2.0; 95% CI, 1.3-3.2), or gastroschisis (OR, 1.8; 95% CI, 1.1-2.9) in infants. CONCLUSION: Consistent with some previous investigations, our study shows an association between early pregnancy maternal opioid analgesic treatment and certain birth defects. This information should be considered by women and their physicians who are making treatment decisions during pregnancy. C1 [Broussard, Cheryl S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Off Workforce & Career Dev, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Broussard, Cheryl S.; Rasmussen, Sonja A.; Reefhuis, Jennita; Riehle-Colarusso, Tiffany; Honein, Margaret A.] Mercer Univ, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Div Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Jann, Michael W.] Mercer Univ, Dept Pharm Practice, Atlanta, GA USA. [Friedman, Jan M.] Univ British Columbia, Dept Med Genet, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada. [Friedman, Jan M.] Univ British Columbia, Child & Family Res Inst, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada. RP Broussard, CS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Off Workforce & Career Dev, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS E 86, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM cbroussard@cdc.gov RI Reefhuis, Jennita/E-1793-2011; Publications, NBDPS/B-7692-2013; OI Reefhuis, Jennita/0000-0002-4747-4831; Friedman, Jan/0000-0002-7482-9570 FU PHS HHS [U50/CCU613236, U50/CCU223184, U50/CCU422096, U50/CCU613232, U50/CCU713238, U50/CCU822097, U50/CCU913241, U50/CCU113247] NR 40 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 1 U2 11 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0002-9378 J9 AM J OBSTET GYNECOL JI Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. PD APR PY 2011 VL 204 IS 4 AR 314.e1 DI 10.1016/j.ajog.2010.12.039 PG 11 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 743ZD UT WOS:000289058800023 PM 21345403 ER PT J AU Coker, TR Elliott, MN Wallander, JL Cuccaro, P Grunbaum, JA Corona, R Saunders, AE Schuster, MA AF Coker, Tumaini R. Elliott, Marc N. Wallander, Jan L. Cuccaro, Paula Grunbaum, Jo Anne Corona, Rosalie Saunders, Ann E. Schuster, Mark A. TI Association of Family Stressful Life-Change Events and Health-Related Quality of Life in Fifth-Grade Children SO ARCHIVES OF PEDIATRICS & ADOLESCENT MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID CHILDHOOD; ADOLESCENTS; PEDSQL(TM)-4.0; RELIABILITY; DEPRESSION; VALIDITY; YOUTH AB Objective: To examine the association of recent family-related stressful life-change events (SLEs) with health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in fifth graders. Design: Population-based, cross-sectional survey. Setting: Three US metropolitan areas; 2004-2006. Participants: A total of 5147 fifth graders and their parents. Main Exposures: Nine recent family-related SLEs: a parent's death, another family member's death, a family member's injury/illness, a family member's alcohol/drug problems, loss of a pet, recent change of residence, addition of a new baby or child to the household, parental separation, and parental divorce. Main Outcome Measure: The HRQOL measured using the 23-item Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory. Results: Twenty-four percent of children had no reported recent SLEs; 33% had 1, 25% had 2, 12% had 3, and 6% had 4 or more. Mean HRQOL scores (total, physical, and psychosocial scales) were lower for children with more SLEs. The mean total HRQOL score was 80.4 (95% confidence interval, 79.4-81.3) for children with no recent SLEs and 71.8 (70.2-73.5) for children with 4 or more SLEs (P < .001). In adjusted logistic regression analyses, children with more SLEs had greater odds of impaired HRQOL compared with children without any SLEs. Psychosocial HRQOL fully mediated the relationship between SLEs and physical HRQOL. Conclusions: The occurrence of multiple family-related SLEs in children is associated with less positive HRQOL. By incorporating the needs of families as part of comprehensive, high-quality care, health care professionals can identify these types of family-level needs and assist families in accessing community resources for support. C1 [Coker, Tumaini R.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, David Geffen Sch Med, Mattel Childrens Hosp, Dept Pediat, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. [Coker, Tumaini R.; Elliott, Marc N.; Schuster, Mark A.] RAND Corp, Santa Monica, CA USA. [Wallander, Jan L.] Univ California, Dept Psychol, Merced, CA USA. [Cuccaro, Paula] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr Houston, Sch Med, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Res, Univ Texas, Houston, TX USA. [Saunders, Ann E.] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr Houston, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Univ Texas, Houston, TX USA. [Grunbaum, Jo Anne] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Prevent Res Ctr Program, Atlanta, GA USA. [Corona, Rosalie] Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Dept Psychol, Richmond, VA 23284 USA. [Schuster, Mark A.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Div Gen Pediat, Childrens Hosp Boston, Boston, MA USA. [Schuster, Mark A.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Boston, MA 02115 USA. RP Coker, TR (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, David Geffen Sch Med, Mattel Childrens Hosp, Dept Pediat, 10960 Wilshire Blvd,Ste 1550, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. EM tcoker@mednet.ucla.edu OI Cuccaro, Paula/0000-0002-9551-4789 FU Prevention Research Centers Program, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [U48DP000046, U48DP000057, U48DP000056] FX Funding/Support: The Healthy Passages study is funded by cooperative agreements U48DP000046, U48DP000057, and U48DP000056 from the Prevention Research Centers Program, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 39 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 4 U2 10 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 1072-4710 J9 ARCH PEDIAT ADOL MED JI Arch. Pediatr. Adolesc. Med. PD APR PY 2011 VL 165 IS 4 BP 354 EP 359 PG 6 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 745LF UT WOS:000289166200011 PM 21464383 ER PT J AU Ledermann, JP Lorono-Pino, MA Ellis, C Saxton-Shaw, KD Blitvich, BJ Beaty, BJ Bowen, RA Powers, AM AF Ledermann, Jeremy P. Lorono-Pino, Maria A. Ellis, Christine Saxton-Shaw, Kali D. Blitvich, Bradley J. Beaty, Barry J. Bowen, Richard A. Powers, Ann M. TI Evaluation of Widely Used Diagnostic Tests To Detect West Nile Virus Infections in Horses Previously Infected with St. Louis Encephalitis Virus or Dengue Virus Type 2 SO CLINICAL AND VACCINE IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID LINKED-IMMUNOSORBENT-ASSAY; TRANSCRIPTASE-PCR ASSAY; IMMUNOGLOBULIN-M; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; NEUTRALIZATION TEST; YUCATAN PENINSULA; CROSS-REACTIVITY; RAPID DETECTION; YELLOW-FEVER; MEXICO AB Primary West Nile virus (WNV) infections can be diagnosed using a number of tests that detect infectious particles, nucleic acid, and specific IgM and/or IgG antibodies. However, serological identification of the infecting agent in secondary or subsequent flavivirus infections is problematic due to the extensive cross-reactivity of flavivirus antibodies. This is particularly difficult in the tropical Americas where multiple flaviviruses cocirculate. A study of sequential flavivirus infection in horses was undertaken using three medically important flaviviruses and five widely utilized diagnostic assays to determine if WNV infection in horses that had a previous St. Louis encephalitis virus (SLEV) or dengue virus type 2 (DENV-2) infection could be diagnosed. Following the primary inoculation, 25% (3/12) and 75% (3/4) of the horses mounted antibody responses against SLEV and DENV-2, respectively. Eighty-eight percent of horses subsequently inoculated with WNV had a WNV-specific antibody response that could be detected with one of these assays. The plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT) was sensitive in detection but lacked specificity, especially following repeated flavivirus exposure. The WNV-specific IgM enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (IgM ELISA) was able to detect an IgM antibody response and was not cross-reactive in a primary SLEV or DENV response. The WNV-specific blocking ELISA was specific, showing positives only following a WNV injection. Of great importance, we demonstrated that timing of sample collection and the need for multiple samples are important, as the infecting etiology could be misdiagnosed if only a single sample is tested. C1 [Ledermann, Jeremy P.; Ellis, Christine; Saxton-Shaw, Kali D.; Powers, Ann M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Lorono-Pino, Maria A.] Univ Autonoma Yucatan, Lab Arbovirol, Merida, Yucatan, Mexico. [Blitvich, Bradley J.] Iowa State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Genet Dev & Cell Biol, Ames, IA USA. [Blitvich, Bradley J.] Iowa State Univ, Coll Agr & Life Sci, Dept Entomol, Ames, IA USA. [Lorono-Pino, Maria A.; Blitvich, Bradley J.; Beaty, Barry J.; Bowen, Richard A.] Colorado State Univ, Arthropod Borne Infect Dis Lab, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RP Powers, AM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, 3150 Rampart Rd, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM APowers@cdc.gov NR 46 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 1556-6811 J9 CLIN VACCINE IMMUNOL JI Clin. Vaccine Immunol. PD APR PY 2011 VL 18 IS 4 BP 580 EP 587 DI 10.1128/CVI.00201-10 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 746IL UT WOS:000289238500009 PM 21346058 ER PT J AU Anderson, RT Narayan, KMV Feeney, P Goff, D Ali, MK Simmons, DL Sperl-Hillen, JA Bigger, T Cuddihy, R O'Conner, PJ Sood, A Zhang, P Sullivan, MD AF Anderson, Roger T. Narayan, K. M. Venkat Feeney, Patricia Goff, David, Jr. Ali, Mohammed K. Simmons, Debra L. Sperl-Hillen, Jo-Ann Bigger, Thomas Cuddihy, Robert O'Conner, Patrick J. Sood, Ajay Zhang, Ping Sullivan, Mark D. CA Action Control Cardiovasc Risk TI Effect of Intensive Glycemic Lowering on Health-Related Quality of Life in Type 2 Diabetes ACCORD trial SO DIABETES CARE LA English DT Article ID CONTROL CARDIOVASCULAR RISK; MELLITUS; DEPRESSION; SATISFACTION; SEVERITY; UTILITY; DESIGN; ADULTS; CARE AB OBJECTIVE-To compare the effect of intensive versus standard glycemic control strategies on health-related quality of life (HRQL) in a substudy of the Action to Control Cardiovascular Risk in Diabetes (ACCORD) trial. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS-A randomly selected subsample of 2,053 ACCORD participants enrolled fit the HRQL substudy was assessed at baseline and 12-, 36-, and 48-month visits. HRQL assessment included general health status (the 36-Item Short Form Health Survey [SF-36]), diabetes symptoms (the Diabetes Symptom Distress Checklist), depression (Patient Health Questionnaire [PHQ]-9), and treatment satisfaction (Diabetes Treatment Satisfaction Questionnaire [DTSQ]). Repeated-measures ANOVA models were used to estimate change in HRQL outcomes by treatment group over 48 months adjusting for model covariates. The effects of early discontinuation of the ACCORD intensive glycemic control arm on study results were explored. RESULTS-A total of 1,956 (95%) completed the self-report HRQL instrument (s) at baseline. The intensive arm had a larger decrease in SF-36 physical health component score than the standard arm (-1.6 vs. -1.1, P = 0.0345). Treatment satisfaction (DTSQ) showed larger improvement with intensive than standard (P = 0.0004). There were no differences in mean scores of the Diabetes Symptom Checklist and PHQ-9. Effects of participant transition following discontinuation of the intensive arm on HRQL were not significant. CONCLUSIONS-The ACCORD trial strategy of intensive glycemic control did not lead to benefits in HRQL and was associated with modest improvement in diabetes treatment satisfaction. Thus patient acceptability was apparently not compromised with intensive and complex interventions such as those used in ACCORD. Diabetes Care 34:807-812, 2011 C1 [Anderson, Roger T.] Penn State Univ, Coll Med, Dept Publ Hlth Sci, Hershey, PA USA. [Narayan, K. M. Venkat; Ali, Mohammed K.] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Narayan, K. M. Venkat] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Atlanta, GA USA. [Feeney, Patricia] Wake Forest Univ Hlth Sci, Winston Salem, NC USA. [Goff, David, Jr.] Wake Forest Univ, Dept Epidemiol, Sch Med, Winston Salem, NC 27109 USA. [Goff, David, Jr.] Wake Forest Univ, Dept Internal Med, Sch Med, Winston Salem, NC 27109 USA. [Goff, David, Jr.] Wake Forest Univ, Dept Social Sci & Hlth Policy, Winston Salem, NC 27109 USA. [Simmons, Debra L.] Cent Arkansas Vet Healthcare Syst, Little Rock, AR USA. [Simmons, Debra L.] Univ Arkansas Med Sci, Little Rock, AR 72205 USA. [Sperl-Hillen, Jo-Ann; O'Conner, Patrick J.] HealthPartners Res Fdn, Minneapolis, MN USA. [Bigger, Thomas] Columbia Univ, Coll Phys & Surg, New York, NY USA. [Sood, Ajay] Case Western Reserve Univ, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. [Zhang, Ping] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Diabet Translat, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. [Sullivan, Mark D.] Univ Washington, Sch Med, Seattle, WA USA. RP Anderson, RT (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Coll Med, Dept Publ Hlth Sci, Hershey, PA USA. EM rtanders@psu.edu RI Narayan, K.M. Venkat /J-9819-2012 OI Narayan, K.M. Venkat /0000-0001-8621-5405 FU National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute [N01-HC-95178, N01-HC-95179, N01-HC-95180, N01-HC-95181, N01-HC-95182, N01-HC-95183, N01-HC-95184, IAA-Y1-HC-9035, IAA-Y1-HC-1010]; National Institutes of Health; National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases; National Institute on Aging; National Eye Institute; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; General Clinical Research Centers; Merck; GSK; Lilly; Abbott Laboratories through HealthPartners Research Foundation; Amylin; Abbott; Bayer; Daiichi Sankyo; Dexcom; Edwards Life-sciences; Eli Lilly; Hygeia; Intarcia; Johnson and Johnson/LifeScan; MannKind; Medtronic; Novo Nordisk; Quotient Diagnostics; ResMed; Roche; sanofi-aventis; Schering-Plough; Takeda; Valeritas FX The ACCORD study was supported by grants (N01-HC-95178, N01-HC-95179, N01-HC-95180, N01-HC-95181, N01-HC-95182, N01-HC-95183, N01-HC-95184, IAA-Y1-HC-9035, and IAA-Y1-HC-1010) from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; by other components of the National Institutes of Health, including the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, the National Institute on Aging, and the National Eye Institute; by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; and by General Clinical Research Centers.; The following companies provided study medications, equipment, or supplies: Abbott Laboratories, Amylin Pharmaceutical, AstraZeneca, Bayer Health Care, Closer Healthcare, GlaxoSmithKline, King Pharmaceuticals, Merck, Novartis, Novo Nordisk, Omron Healthcare, sanofi-aventis, and Schering-Plough. R.T.A. is a consultant for Abbott Laboratories, Inc. D.G. is a consultant for Merck Inc. and serves as a DSMB member for Takeda Inc. J.-A.S.-H. is an investigator of clinical trials sponsored by Merck, GSK, Lilly and Abbott Laboratories through HealthPartners Research Foundation. R.C. serves as an investigator on clinical trials sponsored by Amylin, Abbott, Bayer, Daiichi Sankyo, Dexcom, Edwards Life-sciences, Eli Lilly, Hygeia, Intarcia, Johnson and Johnson/LifeScan, MannKind, Medtronic, Merck, Novo Nordisk, Quotient Diagnostics, ResMed, Roche, sanofi-aventis, Schering-Plough, Takeda, Valeritas; and serves as an Advisory Board Member for Abbott, Bayer, CeQur, Eli Lilly, Novo Nordisk, and Roche. No other potential conflicts of interest relevant to this article were reported. NR 25 TC 19 Z9 21 U1 2 U2 7 PU AMER DIABETES ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1701 N BEAUREGARD ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22311-1717 USA SN 0149-5992 J9 DIABETES CARE JI Diabetes Care PD APR PY 2011 VL 34 IS 4 BP 807 EP 812 DI 10.2337/dc10-1926 PG 6 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 746DE UT WOS:000289221800004 PM 21346183 ER PT J AU Schieve, LA Boulet, SL Kogan, MD Naarden-Braun, KV Boyle, CA AF Schieve, Laura A. Boulet, Sheree L. Kogan, Michael D. Naarden-Braun, Kim Van Boyle, Coleen A. TI A population-based assessment of the health, functional status, and consequent family impact among children with Down syndrome SO DISABILITY AND HEALTH JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Down syndrome; Disability; Intellectual ID SCHOOL-AGED CHILDREN; CARE NEEDS; MORTALITY; DISABILITIES; PERFORMANCE; ACCESS AB Background: Many health conditions have been described in children with Down syndrome (DS). However, there are little comparative population-based data available. Objective/Hypotheses: We sought to examine the health impacts associated with DS and other disabling conditions in U.S. children included in the 2005-2006 National Survey of Children with Special Health Care Needs. Methods: We assessed numerous health and functional outcomes in children with DS and without DS but with (1) mental retardation/developmental delay(1) and another developmental disability associated with a high functional impact; (2) mental retardation/developmental delay but no co-occurring high-impact disability; (3) other special health care needs; and (4) no special health care needs (referent). Results: Children with DS and in all 3 special health care needs comparison groups had substantially more health and functional difficulties than did the referent sample. Overall, children with DS were fairly comparable to children in the other mental retardation/developmental delay groups on health indicators; however, young children with DS were more likely than young children in both "other mental retardation" groups to have difficulties with breathing/respiration and swallowing/digestion/metabolism. Children with both DS and mental retardation associated with another high-impact disability had the highest levels of functional difficulties, unmet health needs, and family financial impacts. Nearly 60% of families in both groups provided home health care; in over 40%, a family member stopped working because of the child's condition; and about 40% reported the child's condition caused financial problems. Conclusions: Children with DS can have substantial health and functional difficulties, with numerous financial impacts on their families. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Schieve, Laura A.; Boulet, Sheree L.; Naarden-Braun, Kim Van; Boyle, Coleen A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Kogan, Michael D.] Maternal & Child Hlth Bur, Hlth Resources & Serv Adm, Rockville, MD 20857 USA. RP Schieve, LA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM LSchieve@cdc.gov NR 28 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1936-6574 J9 DISABIL HEALTH J JI Disabil. Health J. PD APR PY 2011 VL 4 IS 2 BP 68 EP 77 DI 10.1016/j.dhjo.2010.06.001 PG 10 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Rehabilitation SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Rehabilitation GA 742DR UT WOS:000288921000002 PM 21419370 ER PT J AU Okoro, CA McKnight-Eily, LR Strine, TW Crews, JE Holt, JB Balluz, LS AF Okoro, Catherine A. McKnight-Eily, Lela R. Strine, Tara W. Crews, John E. Holt, James B. Balluz, Lina S. TI State and local area estimates of depression and anxiety among adults with disabilities in 2006 SO DISABILITY AND HEALTH JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Disability; Depression; Anxiety disorders; BRFSS; Population-based ID FACTOR SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM; SERIOUS PSYCHOLOGICAL DISTRESS; UNITED-STATES; SECONDARY CONDITIONS; PHYSICAL-DISABILITIES; PAIN PATIENTS; US ADULTS; METROPOLITAN; PREVALENCE; WOMEN AB Background: Depression and anxiety are prevalent among adults with disabilities. However, little is known regarding the geographic variability of depression and anxiety among adults with disabilities in the United States. Objectives: We estimated prevalence of current depression, lifetime diagnoses of depression (LD), and lifetime diagnoses of anxiety (LA) among adults with disabilities by state, metropolitan and micropolitan statistical area (MMSA), and county. Methods: We analyzed Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System data from 2006 for 41 states and territories, 74 MMSAs, and 112 counties. Stratified analyses by sociodemographic and health status variables were performed for the 10 MMSAs with the highest estimates of current depression, LD, and LA, respectively. Current depressive symptoms were assessed with the Patient Health Questionnaire-8. Results: Estimates of current depression, LD, and LA among adults with disabilities varied substantially by state, MMSA, and county. Current depression estimates ranged from 14.7% in North Dakota to 30.1% in Mississippi; from 8.4% in San Francisco-Oakland-Fremont, CA, to 36.2% in Jacksonville, FL; and from 12.3% in Cumberland County, ME, to 44% in Orleans Parish, LA. There was major variation within some states (e.g., prevalence of current depression was 8.4% in San Francisco Oakland Fremont, CA compared to 25.5% in Los Angeles Long Beach Glendale, CA). In the 10 MMSAs with the highest estimates, estimates varied by age, gender, socioeconomic status, and health status. Conclusions: Public and mental health agencies may find these estimates useful for program planning purposes to address depression and anxiety among adults with disabilities. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Okoro, Catherine A.; McKnight-Eily, Lela R.; Strine, Tara W.; Crews, John E.; Holt, James B.; Balluz, Lina S.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Okoro, CA (reprint author), US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM Cokoro@cdc.gov NR 46 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1936-6574 J9 DISABIL HEALTH J JI Disabil. Health J. PD APR PY 2011 VL 4 IS 2 BP 78 EP 90 DI 10.1016/j.dhjo.2010.05.001 PG 13 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Rehabilitation SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Rehabilitation GA 742DR UT WOS:000288921000003 PM 21419371 ER PT J AU Loeb, M Chen, LH AF Loeb, Mitchell Chen, Li-Hui TI Assessing injury-related movement difficulties: A method for analyzing the association between functional limitations and social participation SO DISABILITY AND HEALTH JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Injury; Disability; NHIS; DALY; ICF ID INTERNATIONAL CLASSIFICATION; DISABILITY; DISEASE; HEALTH AB Background: The conceptualization of disability has shifted from a medical to a social model with a consequent focus away from impairments and toward activities and participation. The International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) provides a common point of reference and a common language in a developing disability discourse. Objectives: We sought to apply a model for the measurement of disability based on the activity and participation constructs of the ICF to persons with movement difficulty as a result of injury-related causes. Methods: Data from sample adults aged 18 years and over in the 2001-2006 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) were used for analysis. Disability among adults with injury-related movement difficulty was assessed through measures of difficulty performing basic actions (movement, sensory, emotional, and/or cognitive functioning); and limitations of complex activities (defined through measures of self-care, social participation, and work participation). SUDAAN 9.0 was used in all analyses to account for the complex sampling design and weighting of the NHIS data. Results: Approximately 16% of noninstitutionalized adults who reported movement difficulty mentioned injury as a cause. On average, between 2001 and 2006, about 7.6 million adults had injury-related movement difficulty in the United States. Overall, 50% of adults who experienced injury-related movement difficulty also experienced some complex activity limitation. Conclusions: Using NHIS data, we have demonstrated the applicability of an approach using basic actions difficulty and complex activity limitations to measure functioning and participation in individuals with a specific type and cause of difficulty: injury-related movement difficulty. The operationalization of these constructs provides a possible tool to monitor progress toward the attainment of the equalization of opportunities among people with injury-related movement difficulty. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Loeb, Mitchell; Chen, Li-Hui] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. RP Loeb, M (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. EM mloeb@cdc.gov NR 27 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1936-6574 J9 DISABIL HEALTH J JI Disabil. Health J. PD APR PY 2011 VL 4 IS 2 BP 102 EP 111 DI 10.1016/j.dhjo.2010.05.007 PG 10 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Rehabilitation SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Rehabilitation GA 742DR UT WOS:000288921000005 PM 21419373 ER PT J AU Guo, CF Hoekstra, RM Schroeder, CM Pires, SM Ong, KL Hartnett, E Naugle, A Harman, J Bennett, P Cieslak, P Scallan, E Rose, B Holt, KG Kissler, B Mbandi, E Roodsari, R Angulo, FJ Cole, D AF Guo, Chuanfa Hoekstra, Robert M. Schroeder, Carl M. Pires, Sara Monteiro Ong, Kanyin Liane Hartnett, Emma Naugle, Alecia Harman, Jane Bennett, Patricia Cieslak, Paul Scallan, Elaine Rose, Bonnie Holt, Kristin G. Kissler, Bonnie Mbandi, Evelyne Roodsari, Reza Angulo, Frederick J. Cole, Dana TI Application of Bayesian Techniques to Model the Burden of Human Salmonellosis Attributable to U.S. Food Commodities at the Point of Processing: Adaptation of a Danish Model SO FOODBORNE PATHOGENS AND DISEASE LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; INFECTION AB Mathematical models that estimate the proportion of foodborne illnesses attributable to food commodities at specific points in the food chain may be useful to risk managers and policy makers to formulate public health goals, prioritize interventions, and document the effectiveness of mitigations aimed at reducing illness. Using human surveillance data on laboratory- confirmed Salmonella infections from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and Salmonella testing data from U. S. Department of Agriculture Food Safety and Inspection Service's regulatory programs, we developed a point-of-processing foodborne illness attribution model by adapting the Hald Salmonella Bayesian source attribution model. Key model outputs include estimates of the relative proportions of domestically acquired sporadic human Salmonella infections resulting from contamination of raw meat, poultry, and egg products processed in the United States from 1998 through 2003. The current model estimates the relative contribution of chicken (48%), ground beef (28%), turkey (17%), egg products (6%), intact beef (1%), and pork (< 1%) across 109 Salmonella serotypes found in food commodities at point of processing. While interpretation of the attribution estimates is constrained by data inputs, the adapted model shows promise and may serve as a basis for a common approach to attribution of human salmonellosis and food safety decision-making in more than one country. C1 [Cole, Dana] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Enter Dis Epidemiol Branch, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Guo, Chuanfa; Schroeder, Carl M.; Naugle, Alecia; Harman, Jane; Bennett, Patricia; Rose, Bonnie; Mbandi, Evelyne; Roodsari, Reza] US Food Safety & Inspect Serv, Washington, DC 20250 USA. [Pires, Sara Monteiro] Tech Univ Denmark, Copenhagen, Denmark. [Hartnett, Emma] Decisionalysis Risk Consultants Inc, Ottawa, ON, Canada. [Cieslak, Paul] Oregon Dept Human Serv, Salem, OR USA. [Scallan, Elaine] Colorado Sch Publ Hlth, Aurora, CO USA. [Holt, Kristin G.; Kissler, Bonnie] US Food Safety & Inspect Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Cole, D (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Enter Dis Epidemiol Branch, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mailstop D-63, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM dcole@cdc.gov NR 17 TC 51 Z9 51 U1 1 U2 14 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1535-3141 J9 FOODBORNE PATHOG DIS JI Foodborne Pathog. Dis. PD APR PY 2011 VL 8 IS 4 BP 509 EP 516 DI 10.1089/fpd.2010.0714 PG 8 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 743CA UT WOS:000288992300005 PM 21235394 ER PT J AU Hoefer, D Hurd, S Medus, C Cronquist, A Hanna, S Hatch, J Hayes, T Larson, K Nicholson, C Wymore, K Tobin-D'Angelo, M Strockbine, N Snippes, P Atkinson, R Griffin, PM Gould, LH AF Hoefer, Dina Hurd, Sharon Medus, Carlota Cronquist, Alicia Hanna, Samir Hatch, Julie Hayes, Tameka Larson, Kirsten Nicholson, Cyndy Wymore, Katie Tobin-D'Angelo, Melissa Strockbine, Nancy Snippes, Paula Atkinson, Robyn Griffin, Patricia M. Gould, L. Hannah CA Emerging Infections Program FoodNe TI Laboratory Practices for the Identification of Shiga Toxin-Producing Escherichia coli in the United States, FoodNet Sites, 2007 SO FOODBORNE PATHOGENS AND DISEASE LA English DT Article ID HEMOLYTIC-UREMIC SYNDROME; EMERGING INFECTIOUS-DISEASE; STOOL SAMPLES; O157-H7; SURVEILLANCE; PATHOGENS; DIARRHEA; NON-O157; GASTROENTERITIS; NETWORK AB Clinical laboratory practices affect patient care and disease surveillance. It is recommended that laboratories routinely use both culture for Escherichia coli O157 and a method that detects Shiga toxins (Stx) to identify all Stx-producing E. coli (STEC) and that labs send broths or isolates to a public health laboratory. In 2007, we surveyed laboratories serving Foodborne Diseases Active Surveillance Network sites that performed on-site enteric disease diagnostic testing to determine their culture and nonculture-based testing practices for STEC identification. Our goals were to measure changes over time in laboratory practices and to compare reported practices with published recommendations. Overall, 89% of laboratories used only culture-based methods, 7% used only Stx enzyme immunoassay (EIA), and 4% used both Stx EIA and culture-based methods. Only 2% of laboratories reported simultaneous culture for O157 STEC and use of Stx EIA. The proportion that ever used Stx EIA increased from 6% in 2003 to 11% in 2007. The proportion that routinely tested all specimens with at least one method was 66% in 2003 versus 71% in 2007. Reference laboratories were less likely than others to test all specimens routinely by one or more of these methods (48% vs. 73%, p = 0.03). As of 2007, most laboratories complied with recommendations for O157 STEC testing by culture but not with recommendations for detection of non-O157 STEC. The proportion of laboratories that culture stools for O157 STEC has changed little since 2003, whereas testing for Stx has increased. C1 [Hoefer, Dina] New York State Dept Hlth, Bur Communicable Dis Control, Albany, NY 12237 USA. [Hurd, Sharon] Connecticut Emerging Infect Program, New Haven, CT USA. [Medus, Carlota; Snippes, Paula] Minnesota Dept Hlth, St Paul, MN USA. [Cronquist, Alicia] Colorado Dept Publ Hlth & Environm, Denver, CO USA. [Hanna, Samir] Tennessee Dept Hlth, Nashville, TN USA. [Hatch, Julie] Oregon State Publ Hlth Div, Portland, OR USA. [Hayes, Tameka; Tobin-D'Angelo, Melissa] Georgia Div Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Larson, Kirsten] Maryland Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, Baltimore, MD USA. [Nicholson, Cyndy] Univ New Mexico, Hlth Sci Ctr, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Wymore, Katie] Calif Emerging Infect Program, Oakland, CA USA. [Strockbine, Nancy; Griffin, Patricia M.; Gould, L. Hannah] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodborne Bacterial & Mycot Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Atkinson, Robyn] Tennessee Dept Hlth, Div Lab Serv, Knoxville, TN USA. RP Hoefer, D (reprint author), New York State Dept Hlth, Bur Communicable Dis Control, Empire State Plaza,Corning Tower,Room 651, Albany, NY 12237 USA. EM dxh13@health.state.ny.us FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; United States Department of Agriculture; United States Food and Drug Administration FX We thank all of the FoodNet surveillance officers who conducted the survey. Financial support: Funding for this report was provided by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the United States Department of Agriculture, and the United States Food and Drug Administration. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of the funding agencies. NR 25 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 6 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1535-3141 J9 FOODBORNE PATHOG DIS JI Foodborne Pathog. Dis. PD APR PY 2011 VL 8 IS 4 BP 555 EP 560 DI 10.1089/fpd.2010.0764 PG 6 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 743CA UT WOS:000288992300011 PM 21186994 ER PT J AU Vitiello, P Garcia, A Booth, C Fox, Z Owen, A Johnson, J Phillips, A Geretti, AM AF Vitiello, P. Garcia, A. Booth, C. Fox, Z. Owen, A. Johnson, J. Phillips, A. Geretti, A. M. TI Drug levels and drug resistance after interruption of NNRTI-based HAART in the SMART trial SO HIV MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Vitiello, P.; Garcia, A.; Booth, C.; Geretti, A. M.] Royal Free Hampstead NHS Trust, London, England. [Fox, Z.; Phillips, A.] UCL, London, England. [Owen, A.] Univ Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, Merseyside, England. [Johnson, J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1464-2662 J9 HIV MED JI HIV Med. PD APR PY 2011 VL 12 SU 1 BP 4 EP 5 PG 2 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 739IX UT WOS:000288711400012 ER PT J AU Haileyesus, T Annest, JL Mercy, JA AF Haileyesus, Tadesse Annest, Joseph L. Mercy, James A. TI Non-fatal conductive energy device-related injuries treated in US emergency departments, 2005-2008 SO INJURY PREVENTION LA English DT Article ID TASER AB This paper provides the first US estimates and rates of non-fatal conductive energy device (CED)-related (eg, Taser) injuries relative to other types of legal intervention injuries treated in hospital emergency departments (EDs). The data used for this study were from the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System (NEISS), including the Firearm Injury Surveillance Study (NEISS-FISS) and the All Injury Program (NEISS-AIP). Of an average annual 75 000 suspects treated for non-fatal legal intervention injuries, 11% had injuries that were associated with the use of a CED or Taser. Of the suspects with non-fatal CED-related injuries, 90.1% were males, 72.6% were 20-44 years of age, and 55.2% were injured to the trunk. Most suspects with CED-related injuries (93.6%) were treated and released from the hospital ED. The authors conclude that NEISS is a useful data source for CED-related injuries in the US; estimates from NEISS emphasise the importance of implementing CED safety guidelines by law enforcement officers and training of medical personnel to help reduce the risk of severe injury and potential adverse health consequences. C1 [Haileyesus, Tadesse; Annest, Joseph L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Off Stat & Programming, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Mercy, James A.] Natl Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Div Violence Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Annest, JL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Off Stat & Programming, 4770 Buford Hwy,Mail Stop F-64, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM lannest@cdc.gov FU National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX This study was funded by the National Center for Injury Prevention and Control, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The findings and conclusion in this paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 15 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 3 PU BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 1353-8047 EI 1475-5785 J9 INJURY PREV JI Inj. Prev. PD APR PY 2011 VL 17 IS 2 BP 127 EP 130 DI 10.1136/ip.2010.028704 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 740ML UT WOS:000288798700012 PM 21257680 ER PT J AU Marston, M Becquet, R Zaba, B Moulton, LH Gray, G Coovadia, H Essex, M Ekouevi, DK Jackson, D Coutsoudis, A Kilewo, C Leroy, V Wiktor, S Nduati, R Msellati, P Dabis, F Newell, ML Ghys, PD AF Marston, Milly Becquet, Renaud Zaba, Basia Moulton, Lawrence H. Gray, Glenda Coovadia, Hoosen Essex, Max Ekouevi, Didier K. Jackson, Debra Coutsoudis, Anna Kilewo, Charles Leroy, Valeriane Wiktor, Stefan Nduati, Ruth Msellati, Philippe Dabis, Francois Newell, Marie-Louise Ghys, Peter D. TI Net survival of perinatally and postnatally HIV-infected children: a pooled analysis of individual data from sub-Saharan Africa SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE HIV; survival; paediatric ID MOTHER-TO-CHILD; ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; SPECTRUM PROJECTION PACKAGE; RANDOMIZED-TRIAL; WIDESPREAD USE; COTE-DIVOIRE; SOUTH-AFRICA; TRANSMISSION; MORTALITY; ZIDOVUDINE AB Background Previously, HIV epidemic models have used a double Weibull curve to represent high initial and late mortality of HIV-infected children, without distinguishing timing of infection (peri- or post-natally). With more data on timing of infection, which may be associated with disease progression, a separate representation of children infected early and late was proposed. Methods Paediatric survival post-HIV infection without anti-retroviral treatment was calculated using pooled data from 12 studies with known timing of HIV infection. Children were grouped into perinatally or post-natally infected. Net mortality was calculated using cause-deleted life tables to give survival as if HIV was the only competing cause of death. To extend the curve beyond the available data, children surviving beyond 2.5 years post infection were assumed to have the same survival as young adults. Double Weibull curves were fitted to both extended survival curves to represent survival of children infected perinatally or through breastfeeding. Results Those children infected perinatally had a much higher risk of dying than those infected through breastfeeding, even allowing for background mortality. The final-fitted double Weibull curves gave 75% survival at 5 months after infection for perinatally infected, and 1.1 years for post-natally infected children. An estimated 25% of the early infected children would still be alive at 10.6 years compared with 16.9 years for those infected through breastfeeding. Conclusions The increase in available data has enabled separation of child mortality patterns by timing of infection allowing improvement and more flexibility in modelling of paediatric HIV infection and survival. C1 [Marston, Milly; Zaba, Basia] London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, London WC1, England. [Becquet, Renaud; Ekouevi, Didier K.; Dabis, Francois] Ctr Rech Epidemiol & Biostat, INSERM, U897, Bordeaux, France. [Becquet, Renaud; Ekouevi, Didier K.; Dabis, Francois] Univ Bordeaux 2, ISPED, F-33076 Bordeaux, France. [Moulton, Lawrence H.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. [Gray, Glenda] Univ Witwatersrand, Perinatal HIV Res Unit, ZA-2050 Johannesburg, South Africa. [Coovadia, Hoosen] Univ Witwatersrand, Univ KwaZulu Natal, ZA-2050 Johannesburg, South Africa. [Essex, Max] Harvard Univ, Sch Hlth AIDS Initiat, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Jackson, Debra] Univ Western Cape, ZA-7535 Bellville, South Africa. [Leroy, Valeriane] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global AIDS Program, Atlanta, GA USA. [Nduati, Ruth] Nairobi Trial, Nairobi, Kenya. [Msellati, Philippe] Univ Montpellier I, UMR IRD 145, Montpeillier, France. [Newell, Marie-Louise] Univ KwaZulu Natal, Africa Ctr Hlth & Populat Studies, Somkhele, South Africa. [Newell, Marie-Louise] UCL, Ctr Paediat Epidemiol & Biostat, Inst Child Hlth, London, England. [Ghys, Peter D.] Joint United Nations Programme HIV AIDS, UNAIDS, Geneva, Switzerland. RP Marston, M (reprint author), London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, London WC1, England. EM milly.marston@lshtm.ac.uk RI Becquet, Renaud/F-4837-2013; EKOUEVI, Didier/E-7960-2014; Leroy, Valeriane/F-8129-2013; OI Becquet, Renaud/0000-0003-3277-0985; Leroy, Valeriane/0000-0003-3542-8616; Newell, Marie-Louise/0000-0002-1074-7699; Moulton, Lawrence/0000-0001-7041-7387 FU UNAIDS (Geneva, Switzerland) FX This work was funded by the UNAIDS (Geneva, Switzerland). NR 25 TC 49 Z9 49 U1 1 U2 4 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0300-5771 J9 INT J EPIDEMIOL JI Int. J. Epidemiol. PD APR PY 2011 VL 40 IS 2 BP 385 EP 396 DI 10.1093/ije/dyq255 PG 12 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 745LB UT WOS:000289165800017 PM 21247884 ER PT J AU Skarupski, KA Zack, MM Bienias, JL Scherr, PA Evans, DA AF Skarupski, Kimberly A. Zack, Matthew M. Bienias, Julia L. Scherr, Paul A. Evans, Denis A. TI The Relationship Between Mentally Unhealthy Days and Depressive Symptoms Among Older Adults Over Time SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED GERONTOLOGY LA English DT Article DE depression; psychological well-being; psychometrics; prospective ID QUALITY-OF-LIFE; DIAGNOSTIC INTERVIEW; RISK-FACTOR; MORTALITY; VALIDITY; SYMPTOMATOLOGY; PERFORMANCE; POPULATION; SAMPLE AB This article sought to determine the extent to which the number of self-reported mentally unhealthy days (MUDs) in the past 30 days estimates depressive symptoms in older adults. The sample of 4,321 community-dwelling residents aged 65 and above originated from an ongoing population-based study of older Blacks and Whites. Participants' data from 1993 through 2005 included the single MUD question and questions from the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Short Depression Scale (CES-D). Fourteen percent of participants had four or more depressive symptoms at baseline; of these, only 52% reported one or more MUD. Thirty-eight percent of those with one or more MUDs had four or more depressive symptoms. The results illustrate an interesting association regarding the measurements of two distinct, but related, mental health constructs. Although the number of MUDs was associated with having more depressive symptoms over time, the single-question MUD measure does not fully capture depressive symptomatology. C1 [Skarupski, Kimberly A.] Rush Univ, Med Ctr, Rush Inst Healthy Aging, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. [Zack, Matthew M.; Scherr, Paul A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Skarupski, KA (reprint author), Rush Univ, Med Ctr, Rush Inst Healthy Aging, 1645 W Jackson Blvd,Suite 675, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. EM Kimberly_Skarupski@rush.edu FU NIA NIH HHS [R01 AG011101, R01 AG011101-06A2] NR 30 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0733-4648 J9 J APPL GERONTOL JI J. Appl. Gerontol. PD APR PY 2011 VL 30 IS 2 BP 241 EP 253 DI 10.1177/0733464810361348 PG 13 WC Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 741WF UT WOS:000288895600008 PM 21760659 ER PT J AU Levine, M Sheu, TG Gubareva, LV Mishin, VP AF Levine, Marnie Sheu, Tiffany G. Gubareva, Larisa V. Mishin, Vasiliy P. TI Detection of Hemagglutinin Variants of the Pandemic Influenza A (H1N1) 2009 Virus by Pyrosequencing SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID RECEPTOR-BINDING; DRUG-RESISTANCE; HEPATITIS-B; INHIBITOR; ADAPTATION; EVOLUTION; MUTANTS; TYPE-1; H3N2 AB For influenza viruses, pyrosequencing has been successfully applied to the high-throughput detection of resistance markers in genes encoding the drug-targeted M2 protein and neuraminidase. In this study, we expanded the utility of this assay to the detection of multiple receptor binding variants of the hemagglutinin protein of influenza viruses directly in clinical specimens. Specifically, a customized pyrosequencing protocol that permits detection of virus variants with the D, G, N, or E amino acid at position 222 in the hemagglutinin of the 2009 pandemic influenza A (H1N1) virus was developed. This customized pyrosequencing protocol was applied to the analysis of 241 clinical specimens. The use of the optimized nucleotide dispensation order allowed detection of mixtures of variants in 10 samples (4.1%) which the standard cyclic nucleotide dispensation protocol failed to detect. The optimized pyrosequencing protocol is expected to provide a more accurate tool in the analysis of virus variant composition. C1 [Levine, Marnie; Sheu, Tiffany G.; Gubareva, Larisa V.; Mishin, Vasiliy P.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Virus Surveillance & Diag Branch, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Levine, Marnie] LHI, La Crosse, WI USA. [Sheu, Tiffany G.] Battelle Mem Inst, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Gubareva, LV (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Virus Surveillance & Diag Branch, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Mail Stop G 16,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM lgubareva@cdc.gov NR 30 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD APR PY 2011 VL 49 IS 4 BP 1307 EP 1312 DI 10.1128/JCM.02424-10 PG 6 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 744FP UT WOS:000289080600019 PM 21307217 ER PT J AU Lynch, T Iverson, J Kosoy, M AF Lynch, Tarah Iverson, Jennifer Kosoy, Michael TI Combining Culture Techniques for Bartonella: the Best of Both Worlds SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID LIQUID-MEDIUM; HENSELAE; QUINTANA; BLOOD; GROWTH; ENDOCARDITIS; THAILAND; CELLS; EXPERIENCE; INFECTION AB In this study we compared some common Bartonella culturing methodologies using four diverse species causing human illnesses. Based on a review of the literature, we focused on three major inconsistencies between protocols: base medium, cell coculture, and temperature. Our data showed that Bartonella tamiae demonstrated temperature-dependent growth limitations between common culturing conditions only 2 degrees C apart. Additionally, growth of B. quintana was significantly enhanced by the presence of mammalian cell coculture under mammalian cell culture conditions; however, when the medium was modified to incorporate insect cell culture-based medium, coculturing with mammalian cells was no longer needed. In this study, we were able to overcome these temperature-and cell-dependent limitations and accommodate all of the strains tested by combining mammalian cell culture-based medium with insect cell culture-based medium. C1 [Lynch, Tarah; Iverson, Jennifer; Kosoy, Michael] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. RP Kosoy, M (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, 3150 Rampart Rd, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM mck3@cdc.gov FU ASM/CCID FX We thank the ASM/CCID Postdoctoral Fellowship Program for funding, N. Zeidner for the use of his immunofluorescence microscope, R. Eisen for her guidance and expertise with the statistical analysis, and also R. Gilmore for his scientific advice and review of the manuscript. NR 35 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD APR PY 2011 VL 49 IS 4 BP 1363 EP 1368 DI 10.1128/JCM.02403-10 PG 6 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 744FP UT WOS:000289080600027 PM 21289156 ER PT J AU Satola, SW Lessa, FC Ray, SM Bulens, SN Lynfield, R Schaffner, W Dumyati, G Nadle, J Patel, JB AF Satola, S. W. Lessa, F. C. Ray, S. M. Bulens, S. N. Lynfield, R. Schaffner, W. Dumyati, G. Nadle, J. Patel, J. B. CA Active Bacterial Core Surveillance TI Clinical and Laboratory Characteristics of Invasive Infections Due to Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Isolates Demonstrating a Vancomycin MIC of 2 Micrograms per Milliliter: Lack of Effect of Heteroresistant Vancomycin-Intermediate S. aureus Phenotype SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; BACTEREMIA; MRSA; SUSCEPTIBILITY; FEATURES; OUTCOMES; PERIOD AB We describe clinical and laboratory characteristics of invasive methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections with vancomycin MICs of 2 mu g/ml and compare heteroresistant-intermediate S. aureus (hVISA) to non-hVISA. Health care-associated community-onset infections were the most common and resulted in frequent complications and relapses. hVISA-infected patients were more likely to have been hospitalized in the year prior to MRSA culture. C1 [Satola, S. W.] Atlanta VA Med Ctr, Decatur, GA 30033 USA. [Satola, S. W.; Ray, S. M.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Atlanta, GA USA. [Lessa, F. C.; Bulens, S. N.; Patel, J. B.] Ctr Dis Control, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Bulens, S. N.] Atlanta Res & Educ Fdn, Atlanta, GA USA. [Lynfield, R.] Minnesota Dept Hlth, St Paul, MN USA. [Schaffner, W.] Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Nashville, TN 37212 USA. [Dumyati, G.] Univ Rochester, Rochester, NY USA. [Nadle, J.] Calif Emerging Infect Program, Oakland, CA USA. RP Satola, SW (reprint author), Atlanta VA Med Ctr, 1670 Clairmont Rd, Decatur, GA 30033 USA. EM ssatola@emory.edu FU Pfizer Inc.; Astellas Pharma U.S., Inc. FX This study was developed in partnership with the CDC Foundation through a grant from Pfizer Inc. and Astellas Pharma U.S., Inc. NR 25 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD APR PY 2011 VL 49 IS 4 BP 1583 EP 1587 DI 10.1128/JCM.01719-10 PG 5 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 744FP UT WOS:000289080600060 PM 21325555 ER PT J AU Johnson, JA Onderdonk, AB Cosimi, LA Yawetz, S Lasker, BA Bolcen, SJ Brown, JM Marty, FM AF Johnson, Jennifer A. Onderdonk, Andrew B. Cosimi, Lisa A. Yawetz, Sigal Lasker, Brent A. Bolcen, Shanna J. Brown, June M. Marty, Francisco M. TI Gordonia bronchialis Bacteremia and Pleural Infection: Case Report and Review of the Literature SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CATHETER-RELATED BACTEREMIA; CENTRAL VENOUS CATHETER; PATIENT; TERRAE; GENE; POLYISOPRENIVORANS; IDENTIFICATION; ENDOCARDITIS AB Gordonia species are aerobic actinomycetes recently recognized as causing human disease, often in the setting of intravascular catheter-related infections. We describe a case of Gordonia bronchialis bacteremia and pleural space infection in the absence of an indwelling intravascular catheter and review the breadth of reported infections with this emerging pathogen. C1 [Johnson, Jennifer A.; Cosimi, Lisa A.; Yawetz, Sigal; Marty, Francisco M.] Harvard Univ, Brigham & Womens Hosp, Sch Med, Div Infect Dis, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Onderdonk, Andrew B.] Harvard Univ, Brigham & Womens Hosp, Sch Med, Dept Pathol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Lasker, Brent A.; Bolcen, Shanna J.; Brown, June M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infec Dis, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, Bacterial Special Pathogens Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Johnson, JA (reprint author), 75 Francis St, Boston, MA 02115 USA. EM jjohnson30@partners.org NR 27 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD APR PY 2011 VL 49 IS 4 BP 1662 EP 1666 DI 10.1128/JCM.02121-10 PG 5 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 744FP UT WOS:000289080600081 PM 21270217 ER PT J AU Mochon, AB Garner, OB Hindler, JA Krogstad, P Ward, KW Lewinski, MA Rasheed, JK Anderson, KF Limbago, BM Humphries, RM AF Mochon, A. Brian Garner, Omai B. Hindler, Janet A. Krogstad, Paul Ward, Kevin W. Lewinski, Michael A. Rasheed, James K. Anderson, Karen F. Limbago, Brandi M. Humphries, Romney M. TI New Delhi Metallo-beta-Lactamase (NDM-1)-Producing Klebsiella pneumoniae: Case Report and Laboratory Detection Strategies SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article AB The spread of antimicrobial resistance among Enterobacteriaceae is a significant clinical threat. We report the first case of an Enterobacteriaceae strain harboring the NDM-1 metallo-beta-lactamase in a pediatric patient in the United States. We describe strategies for the detection of this novel resistance mechanism encountered in an isolate of Klebsiella pneumoniae. C1 [Mochon, A. Brian; Garner, Omai B.; Hindler, Janet A.; Ward, Kevin W.; Lewinski, Michael A.; Humphries, Romney M.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, David Geffen Sch Med, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Krogstad, Paul] Univ Calif Los Angeles, David Geffen Sch Med, Dept Med, Div Pediat Infect Dis, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. [Rasheed, James K.; Anderson, Karen F.; Limbago, Brandi M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Humphries, RM (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, David Geffen Sch Med, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, 10833 Le Conte Ave, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. EM rhumphries@mednet.ucla.edu NR 12 TC 46 Z9 47 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD APR PY 2011 VL 49 IS 4 BP 1667 EP 1670 DI 10.1128/JCM.00183-11 PG 4 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 744FP UT WOS:000289080600082 PM 21325558 ER PT J AU Jarquin, VG Wiggins, LD Schieve, LA Van Naarden-Braun, K AF Jarquin, Vanessa G. Wiggins, Lisa D. Schieve, Laura A. Van Naarden-Braun, Kim TI Racial Disparities in Community Identification of Autism Spectrum Disorders Over Time; Metropolitan Atlanta, Georgia, 2000-2006 SO JOURNAL OF DEVELOPMENTAL AND BEHAVIORAL PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE autism spectrum disorders; diagnoses; surveillance; racial disparities ID DEVELOPMENTAL-DISABILITIES; CHILDREN; SURVEILLANCE; PREVALENCE; DIAGNOSIS; AGE AB Objective: Past research indicates that non-Hispanic black (NHB) children are less likely than non-Hispanic white (NHW) children to have an autism spectrum disorder (ASD) diagnosis, even if they seem to meet criteria for the disorder. This study examined differences in community identification of ASDs between NHB and NHW children identified by a population-based surveillance system. Methods: Participants were identified as an ASD surveillance case by the Metropolitan Atlanta Developmental Disabilities Surveillance Program in surveillance years 2000, 2002, 2004, and 2006. Health and education records were abstracted and reviewed to determine ASD surveillance case status; community identification was defined by a documented ASD diagnosis, special education eligibility, and behaviors noted in records. Children were placed in 1 of 5 mutually exclusive categories on the basis of ASD specificity. Results: Total ASD prevalence was higher for NHW than NHB children, but NHB children were more likely than NHW children to have autistic disorder and autism eligibility at a public school documented in records. NHB children were less likely than NHW children to have pervasive developmental disorder-not otherwise specified and Asperger's disorder documented in records, even after controlling for socioeconomic status. NHB children were more likely than NHW children to have co-occurring intellectual disability. Conclusion: NHB children were less likely than NHW children to have been identified with less severe ASDs, which might have prevented or delayed intervention services that would have catered to their needs. This study illustrates the need for continued professional education, particularly concerning milder ASDs in minority groups. (J Dev Behav Pediatr 32:179-187, 2011) C1 [Jarquin, Vanessa G.; Wiggins, Lisa D.; Schieve, Laura A.; Van Naarden-Braun, Kim] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Jarquin, VG (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS E-86, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM vjarquin@cdc.gov NR 20 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 10 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0196-206X J9 J DEV BEHAV PEDIATR JI J. Dev. Behav. Pediatr. PD APR PY 2011 VL 32 IS 3 BP 179 EP 187 DI 10.1097/DBP.0b013e31820b4260 PG 9 WC Behavioral Sciences; Psychology, Developmental; Pediatrics SC Behavioral Sciences; Psychology; Pediatrics GA 743AL UT WOS:000288987200001 PM 21293294 ER PT J AU Achutan, C West, C Mueller, C Bernert, JT Bernard, B AF Achutan, Chandran West, Christine Mueller, Charles Bernert, John T. Bernard, Bruce TI Environmental Tobacco Smoke Exposure Among Casino Dealers SO JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID LUNG CARCINOGEN; INDOOR AIR; OCCUPATIONAL-EXPOSURE; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; SECONDHAND SMOKE; OFFICE WORKERS; RISK; METABOLITES; CANCER; PARTICLES AB Objective: This study quantified casino dealers' occupational exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS). Methods: We measured casino dealers' exposure to ETS components by analyzing full-shift air and preshift and postshift urine samples. Results: Casino dealers were exposed to nicotine, 4-vinyl pyridine, benzene, toluene, naphthalene, formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, solanesol, and respirable suspended particulates. Levels of 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanol (NNAL) in urine increased significantly during an 8-hour work shift both with and without adjustment for creatinine clearance. Creatinine-unadjusted cotinine significantly increased during the 8-hour shift, but creatinine-adjusted cotinine did not increase significantly. Conclusions: Casino dealers at the three casinos were exposed to airborne ETS components and absorbed an ETS-specific component into their bodies, as demonstrated by detectable levels of urinary NNAL. The casinos should ban smoking on their premises and offer employee smoking cessation programs. C1 [Achutan, Chandran] Univ Nebraska Med Ctr, Nebraska Med Ctr, Dept Environm Agr & Occupat Hlth, Omaha, NE 68198 USA. [Achutan, Chandran; West, Christine; Mueller, Charles; Bernard, Bruce] NIOSH, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Bernert, John T.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Achutan, C (reprint author), Univ Nebraska Med Ctr, Nebraska Med Ctr, Dept Environm Agr & Occupat Hlth, 985840 Nebraska Med Ctr, Omaha, NE 68198 USA. EM cachutan@unmc.edu NR 45 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 11 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1076-2752 J9 J OCCUP ENVIRON MED JI J. Occup. Environ. Med. PD APR PY 2011 VL 53 IS 4 BP 346 EP 351 DI 10.1097/JOM.0b013e318212235f PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 746XJ UT WOS:000289282500002 PM 21436733 ER PT J AU Potter, SC Schneider, D Coyle, KK May, G Robin, L Seymour, J AF Potter, Susan C. Schneider, Doris Coyle, Karin K. May, Gary Robin, Leah Seymour, Jenna TI What Works? Process Evaluation of a School-Based Fruit and Vegetable Distribution Program in Mississippi SO JOURNAL OF SCHOOL HEALTH LA English DT Article DE school health services; child and adolescent health; diet and nutrition; evaluation; implementation; fruit and vegetables ID CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; CONSUMPTION; RISK; METAANALYSIS; COHORT; STROKE AB METHODS: The process evaluation addressed where, when, and how produce was distributed; what was distributed; challenges and successes; and recommended modifications. Five of the 25 program schools were selected to participate in the evaluation; selection was based on grade levels served and demographic characteristics. Data were collected from program staff (N = 11) and administrators (N = 6) via interviews and logs; student (N = 42) and parent (N = 19) focus groups; student questionnaires (N = 660); and school staff questionnaires (N = 207). RESULTS: Distributing fresh fruit and vegetable snacks at school was well received by staff and students. Most schools distributed the fresh fruit and vegetable snacks at morning break in classrooms or a central courtyard. Twenty-two types of fresh fruit, 4 types of dried fruit, and 7 types of vegetables were served to students during the program year. Commonly distributed fruit included apples, oranges, pears, bananas, and tangerines. Carrots were the staple vegetable, followed by celery. Key challenges included getting students to try new foods and receiving the produce in a timely manner without spoiling. Main successes included seeing students try new fruit and vegetable snacks, having the program run smoothly, and teacher support. CONCLUSIONS: The program fit well within the school structure and could be an effective component of a multifaceted approach to enhancing child nutrition. C1 [Potter, Susan C.] ETR Associates, Dept Res, Scotts Valley, CA 95066 USA. [Schneider, Doris] Mississippi Dept Educ, Off Child Nutr, Div Training, Jackson, MS USA. [Robin, Leah] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adolescent & Sch Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Seymour, Jenna] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Potter, SC (reprint author), ETR Associates, Dept Res, 4 CarboneroWay, Scotts Valley, CA 95066 USA. EM suep@etr.org; justaskdoris@bellsouth.net; karinc@etr.edu; garymay@mde.k12.ms.us; leah.robin@cdc.hhs.gov; jennifer.seymour@cdc.hhs.gov NR 19 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 2 U2 7 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0022-4391 J9 J SCHOOL HEALTH JI J. Sch. Health PD APR PY 2011 VL 81 IS 4 BP 202 EP 211 DI 10.1111/j.1746-1561.2010.00580.x PG 10 WC Education & Educational Research; Education, Scientific Disciplines; Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Education & Educational Research; Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 732VB UT WOS:000288216700005 PM 21392012 ER PT J AU Tong, V Zotti, ME Hsia, J AF Tong, Van T. Zotti, Marianne E. Hsia, Jason TI Impact of the Red River Catastrophic Flood on Women Giving Birth in North Dakota, 1994-2000 SO MATERNAL AND CHILD HEALTH JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Pregnancy; Natural disaster; Birth outcomes ID NEURAL-TUBE DEFECTS; HURRICANE-KATRINA; NATURAL DISASTER; PREGNANT-WOMEN; PRETERM BIRTH; UNITED-STATES; PREECLAMPSIA; STRESS; HEALTH; OUTCOMES AB To document changes in birth rates, birth outcomes, and pregnancy risk factors among women giving birth after the 1997 Red River flood in North Dakota. We analyzed detailed county-level birth files pre-disaster (1994-1996) and post-disaster (1997-2000) in North Dakota. Crude birth rates and adjusted fertility rates were calculated. The demographic and pregnancy risk factors were described among women delivering singleton births. Logistic regression was conducted to examine associations between the disaster and low birth weight (< 2,500 g), preterm birth (< 37 weeks), and small for gestational age infants adjusting for confounders. The crude birth rate and direct-adjusted fertility rate decreased significantly after the disaster in North Dakota. The proportion of women giving birth who were older, non-white, unmarried, and had a higher education increased. Compared to pre-disaster, there were significant increases in the following maternal measures after the disaster: any medical risks (5.1-7.1%), anemia (0.7-1.1%), acute or chronic lung disease (0.4-0.5%), eclampsia (0.3-2.1%), and uterine bleeding (0.3-0.4%). In addition, there was a significant increase in births that were low birth weight (OR 1.11, 95% CI 1.03-1.21) and preterm (OR 1.09, 95% CI 1.03-1.16) after adjusting for maternal characteristics and smoking. Following the flood, there was an increase in medical risks, low birth weight, and preterm delivery among women giving birth in North Dakota. Further research that examines birth outcomes of women following a catastrophic disaster is warranted. C1 [Tong, Van T.; Zotti, Marianne E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth NCCDPHP, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Hsia, Jason] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Smoking & Hlth NCCDPHP, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Tong, V (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth NCCDPHP, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,MS K22, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM vtong@cdc.gov OI Tong, Van/0000-0002-3970-1440 NR 45 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1092-7875 J9 MATERN CHILD HLTH J JI Matern. Child Health J. PD APR PY 2011 VL 15 IS 3 BP 281 EP 288 DI 10.1007/s10995-010-0576-9 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 735FT UT WOS:000288399500001 PM 20204482 ER PT J AU Park, S Sappenfield, WM Bish, C Salihu, H Goodman, D Bensyl, DM AF Park, Sohyun Sappenfield, William M. Bish, Connie Salihu, Hamisu Goodman, David Bensyl, Diana M. TI Assessment of the Institute of Medicine Recommendations for Weight Gain During Pregnancy: Florida, 2004-2007 SO MATERNAL AND CHILD HEALTH JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Weight gain; Pregnancy; Body mass index; Institute of Medicine; Large-for-gestational age; Small-for-gestational age ID BODY-MASS INDEX; FOR-GESTATIONAL-AGE; BORN SMALL; MATERNAL WEIGHT; EXTREME OBESITY; BIRTH-WEIGHT; OUTCOMES; WOMEN; RISK; COMPLICATIONS AB We investigated the association between 2009 IOM recommendations and adverse infant outcomes by maternal prepregnancy body mass index (BMI). Birth outcomes for 570,672 women aged 18-40 years with a singleton full-term live-birth were assessed using 2004-2007 Florida live-birth certificates. Outcomes included large-for-gestational-age (LGA) and small-for-gestational-age (SGA). Associations between gestational weight change and outcomes were assessed for 10 BMI groups by calculating proportions, and logistic regression modeling was used to produce adjusted odds ratios (aORs) to account for the effect of confounders. We created comparison categories below and above recommendations using 2009 IOM recommendations as a reference. Of importance, 41.6% of women began pregnancy as overweight and obese and 51.2% gained weight excessively during pregnancy on the basis of 2009 IOM recommendations. Proportions of LGA were higher among obese women and increased with higher weight gain. Compared with recommended weight gain, aORs for LGA were lower with less than recommended gain (aOR range: 0.27-0.77) and higher with more than recommended gain (aOR range: 1.27-5.99). However, SGA was less prevalent among obese women, and the proportion of SGA by BMI was similar with higher weight gain. Gain less than recommended was associated with increased odds of SGA (aOR range: 1.11-2.97), and gain greater than recommended was associated with decreased odds of SGA (aOR range: 0.38-0.83). Gestational weight gain influenced the risk for LGA and SGA in opposite directions. Minimal weight gain or weight loss lowered risk for LGA among obese women. Compared with 1990 IOM recommendations, 2009 recommendations include weight gain ranges that are associated with lower risk of LGA and higher risk of SGA. Awareness of these tradeoffs may assist with clinical implementation of the 2009 IOM gestational weight gain recommendations. However, our results did not consider other maternal and infant outcomes related to gestational weight gain; therefore, the findings should be interpreted with caution. C1 [Park, Sohyun] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr Phys Activ & Obes, NCCDPHP, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Sappenfield, William M.] Florida Dept Hlth & Rehabil Serv, Div Family Hlth Serv, Tallahassee, FL 32399 USA. [Bish, Connie; Goodman, David] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, NCCDPHP, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Bish, Connie] Mississippi Dept Hlth, Jackson, MS USA. [Salihu, Hamisu] Univ S Florida, Lawton & Rhea Chiles Ctr Healthy Mothers & Babies, Tampa, FL USA. [Goodman, David] Georgia Dept Human Resources, Div Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Bensyl, Diana M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, EIS Field Assignments Branch, CDD OWCD OD, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Park, S (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr Phys Activ & Obes, NCCDPHP, 4,770 Buford Highway NE,Mailstop K-26, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM spark3@cdc.gov NR 45 TC 48 Z9 49 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1092-7875 J9 MATERN CHILD HLTH J JI Matern. Child Health J. PD APR PY 2011 VL 15 IS 3 BP 289 EP 301 DI 10.1007/s10995-010-0596-5 PG 13 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 735FT UT WOS:000288399500002 PM 20306221 ER PT J AU Ruan, F Yang, T Ma, HL Jin, Y Song, SL Fontaine, RE Zhu, BP AF Ruan, Feng Yang, Tao Ma, Huilai Jin, Yan Song, Shili Fontaine, Robert E. Zhu, Bao-Ping TI Risk Factors for Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease and Herpangina and the Preventive Effect of Hand-washing SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE hand, foot, and mouth disease; herpangina; hand-washing; risk factors ID ENTEROVIRUS 71-ASSOCIATED HAND; HEPATITIS-A-VIRUS; NEUROLOGIC INVOLVEMENT; 71 INFECTION; OUTBREAK; EPIDEMIC; CHILDREN; TAIWAN; TRANSMISSION; SINGAPORE AB BACKGROUND: Hygiene and social distancing are recommended control measures for hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) and herpangina. However, empirical data to support this recommendation are limited. METHODS: During an outbreak of HFMD and herpangina due to infection by the human enterovirus 71, we defined a case as a vesicular papular rash on the hands, feet, buttocks, or oral mucosa and onset from April 30 to June 26, 2008. We selected 176 HFMD and herpangina case-children and a stratified random sample of 201 asymptomatic control-children; frequency matched according to residency status. We administered a questionnaire to the parents about their children's exposures and hygienic behaviors. RESULTS: Risk factors for HFMD and herpangina included playing with neighborhood children (odds ratio [OR]: 11 [95% confidence interval (CI): 6.2-17]), visiting an outpatient clinic for another reason <= 1 week before onset (OR: 20 [95% CI: 5.0-88]), and community exposures to crowded places (OR: 7.3 [95% CI: 4.1-13]). By using a score summarizing responses to 4 hand-washing questions, we found that 50% of the case-children and 2.5% of control-children had a poor score of 1 to 3, whereas 12% of the case-children and 78% of control-children had a good score of >= 7 (OR: 0.00069 [95% CI: 0.0022-0.022]) after we adjusted for residency, age, and community exposures by using logistic regression. CONCLUSIONS: Hand-washing by preschool-aged children and their caregivers had a significant protective effect against community-acquired HFMD and herpangina from the human enterovirus 71 infection. Pediatrics 2011; 127: e898-e904 C1 [Ruan, Feng; Ma, Huilai; Jin, Yan; Fontaine, Robert E.; Zhu, Bao-Ping] Chinese Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Chinese Field Epidemiol Training Program, Beijing 10050, Peoples R China. [Ruan, Feng] ZhuHai Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Zhuhai, Guangdong, Peoples R China. [Yang, Tao; Song, Shili] Yuhang Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, Peoples R China. [Jin, Yan] Urumqi Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Urumqi, Xinjiang, Peoples R China. [Fontaine, Robert E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Publ Hlth Syst & Workforce Dev, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Ma, HL (reprint author), Chinese Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Chinese Field Epidemiol Training Program, 27 Nanwei Rd, Beijing 10050, Peoples R China. EM huilaima@cfetp.org.cn FU Yuhang District Center for Disease Control and Prevention FX We thank the Yuhang District Center for Disease Control and Prevention for providing funds for our investigation. NR 38 TC 26 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 14 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD APR PY 2011 VL 127 IS 4 BP E898 EP E904 DI 10.1542/peds.2010-1497 PG 7 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 744DQ UT WOS:000289074800006 PM 21422083 ER PT J AU Dhingra, SS Zack, MM Strine, TW Druss, BG Berry, JT Balluz, LS AF Dhingra, Satvinder S. Zack, Matthew M. Strine, Tara W. Druss, Benjamin G. Berry, Joyce T. Balluz, Lina S. TI Psychological Distress Severity of Adults Reporting Receipt of Treatment for Mental Health Problems in the BRFSS SO PSYCHIATRIC SERVICES LA English DT Article ID MAJOR DEPRESSIVE DISORDER; COMORBIDITY SURVEY REPLICATION; PROSPECTIVE FOLLOW-UP; DSM-IV DISORDERS; GENERAL-POPULATION; UNITED-STATES; SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM; SERVICE UTILIZATION; NEUROTIC DISORDERS; HURRICANE KATRINA AB Objective: Although effective mental health treatments exist, few population data are available on treatment receipt by persons with psychological distress. This study aimed to understand the association between symptoms and treatment receipt with data from the U. S Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) survey. Methods: In the 2007 survey, psychological distress was assessed with the Kessler-6 scale, and respondents were asked about receipt of mental health treatment. Data from 197,914 respondents were analyzed. Results: In the overall population 87.5% of respondents reported no psychological distress, 8.5% mild to moderate psychological distress, and 3.9% serious psychological distress. Those with serious distress were nearly ten times as likely to receive treatment (adjusted odds ratio=9.58, 95% confidence interval=8.53-10.75) as those with no distress. One in ten persons (10.7%) in the study population reported receiving treatment. Conclusions: Distinct U. S. subpopulations exist by treatment and symptom status. Better understanding of all these groups is essential for improving population-based mental health care. (Psychiatric Services 62: 396-403, 2011) C1 [Dhingra, Satvinder S.; Zack, Matthew M.; Strine, Tara W.; Balluz, Lina S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Druss, Benjamin G.] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Berry, Joyce T.] Substance Abuse & Mental Hlth Serv Adm, Ctr Mental Hlth Serv, Rockville, MD USA. RP Dhingra, SS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Highway,Mailstop K66, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM sdhingra@cdc.gov NR 61 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER PSYCHIATRIC PUBLISHING, INC PI ARLINGTON PA 1000 WILSON BOULEVARD, STE 1825, ARLINGTON, VA 22209-3901 USA SN 1075-2730 J9 PSYCHIAT SERV JI Psychiatr. Serv. PD APR PY 2011 VL 62 IS 4 BP 396 EP 403 PG 8 WC Health Policy & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Psychiatry SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Psychiatry GA 743ZM UT WOS:000289060200011 PM 21459991 ER PT J AU Pohl, HR Scinicariello, F AF Pohl, Hana R. Scinicariello, Franco TI The impact of CYP2E1 genetic variability on risk assessment of VOC mixtures SO REGULATORY TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article DE CYP2E1; Chemical mixtures; VOC interaction; Genetic polymorphism ID DRUG-INDUCED HEPATITIS; CYTOCHROME-P450 2E1 GENOTYPE; FRAGMENT-LENGTH-POLYMORPHISM; POLYVINYL-CHLORIDE WORKERS; ETHANOL-OXIDIZING SYSTEM; VINYL-CHLORIDE; LUNG-CANCER; CHEMICAL-MIXTURES; IN-VITRO; 5'-FLANKING REGION AB Humans are simultaneously exposed to multiple chemicals in the environment. Many of the chemicals use the same enzymes in their metabolic pathways. Competitive inhibition may occur as one of the possible interactions between the xenobiotics in human body. For example, many volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are metabolized using P450 enzymes, specifically CYP2E1. Inheritable gene alterations may result in changes of function of the enzymes in different human subpopulations. Variations in quantity and/or quality of particular isoenzymes may cause differences in the metabolism of VOCs. These variations may cause higher sensitivity in certain populations. Using examples of three different mixtures, this review paper outlines the variances in CYP2E1 isoenzymes, effect of exposure to such mixtures on sensitive populations, and approaches to mixtures risk assessment. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Pohl, Hana R.; Scinicariello, Franco] US Dept HHS, Agcy Toxic Subst & Dis Registry, Div Toxicol & Environm Med, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Pohl, HR (reprint author), US Dept HHS, Agcy Toxic Subst & Dis Registry, Div Toxicol & Environm Med, 1600 Clifton Rd,F-62, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM hpohl@cdc.gov NR 136 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 7 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0273-2300 J9 REGUL TOXICOL PHARM JI Regul. Toxicol. Pharmacol. PD APR PY 2011 VL 59 IS 3 BP 364 EP 374 DI 10.1016/j.yrtph.2011.01.013 PG 11 WC Medicine, Legal; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Legal Medicine; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 742YO UT WOS:000288981500002 PM 21295098 ER PT J AU Gorgos, L Newman, L Satterwhite, C Berman, S Weinstock, H AF Gorgos, Linda Newman, Lori Satterwhite, Catherine Berman, Stuart Weinstock, Hillard TI Gonorrhoea positivity among women aged 15-24 years in the USA, 2005-2007 SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; CHLAMYDIA AB Objective To examine the epidemiology of young women screened for gonorrhoea in the USA. Methods Data on tests for gonorrhoea among women aged 15-24 years attending family planning clinics from 2005 to 2007 were obtained through the infertility prevention project. Clinics testing 90% or more of women for gonorrhoea and sending 50 or more gonorrhoea tests per year were included. Gonorrhoea positivity on a state and county level was calculated and compared by age and race/ethnicity. Results A total of 1 119 394 tests from 948 clinics was eligible for inclusion. Median state-specific gonorrhoea positivity was 1.3% (IQR 0.7-2.0%). Positivity was higher among women aged 15-19 years (1.4%, IQR 0.9-2.6%) than among those aged 20-24 years (1.1%, IQR 0.6-1.4%, p=0.03) and among non-Hispanic black women (3.8%, IQR 3.2-4.6%) than non-Hispanic white women (0.6%, IQR 0.4-0.8%, p<0.0001). Half of all gonorrhoea cases in these women originated from 57 of 753 counties. Among non-Hispanic white women, positivity was 2.0% or greater in 4% of counties, while 83% of counties had gonorrhoea positivity of less than 1.0%. Gonorrhoea positivity among non-Hispanic black women was 2.0% or greater in 58% of counties, and less than 1.0% in only one-third of counties. These disparities were present diffusely across the geographical areas included in this analysis. Conclusions Gonorrhea positivity was consistently high for young non-Hispanic black women attending family planning clinics across multiple geographical regions. A large proportion of gonorrhoea morbidity was concentrated in a relatively small number of counties in the USA among this population of young women. C1 [Gorgos, Linda] New Mexico Dept Hlth, Infect Dis Bur, Publ Hlth Div, Santa Fe, NM 87502 USA. [Newman, Lori; Satterwhite, Catherine; Berman, Stuart; Weinstock, Hillard] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Gorgos, L (reprint author), New Mexico Dept Hlth, Infect Dis Bur, Publ Hlth Div, 1190 St Francis Dr,Runnels Bldg S1157, Santa Fe, NM 87502 USA. EM linda.gorgos@state.nm.us FU Association for Prevention Teaching and Research (APTR) [3U50CD300860]; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) [3U50CD300860] FX This publication/project was made possible through a cooperative agreement between the Association for Prevention Teaching and Research (APTR) and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), award number 3U50CD300860; its contents are the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the official views of APTR or CDC. NR 7 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU B M J PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 1368-4973 J9 SEX TRANSM INFECT JI Sex. Transm. Infect. PD APR PY 2011 VL 87 IS 3 BP 202 EP 204 DI 10.1136/sti.2010.046607 PG 3 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 737WE UT WOS:000288599400006 PM 21307153 ER PT J AU Caldwell, KL Makhmudov, A Ely, E Jones, RL Wang, RY AF Caldwell, Kathleen L. Makhmudov, Amir Ely, Elizabeth Jones, Robert L. Wang, Richard Y. TI Iodine Status of the U.S. Population, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2005-2006 and 2007-2008 SO THYROID LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; THYROID-FUNCTION; SUFFICIENT AREA; URINARY IODINE; DRINKING-WATER; IODIZED SALT; PREGNANCY; DEFICIENCY; HYPOTHYROIDISM; WOMEN AB Background: This report presents urinary iodine (UI) concentrations for the general U. S. population during 2005-2006 and 2007-2008. These findings are the fourth and fifth assessments of the population since National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) III (1988-1994), when the median UI concentration for the population decreased from NHANES I (1971-1974). Methods: During 2005-2006 and 2007-2008,similar to 5000 participants per year were selected to participate in NHANES. The participants were interviewed and examined. UI concentration was measured on a random one third sub-sample of 2649 participants, aged 6 years and older in 2005-2006, and in all participants in 2007-2008. These urine iodine concentrations are representative of the general U. S. population by age, sex, and race/ethnicity. Results: (i) The median UI concentrations for the general U. S. population in 2005-2006 and 2007-2008 were 164 mu g/L (95% confidence interval [CI] 154-174) and 164 mu g/L (95% CI 154-173), respectively. Also, the proportions of the population with a UI concentration of <50 mu g/L during these survey periods were 9.8%+/- 1.3% and 8.8%+/- 0.4%, respectively. The median UI concentration and prevalence of >= 200 mu g/L appeared to be higher in children and persons >= 70 years than in other age groups. (ii) In both surveys, children aged 6-11 years had median UI concentrations of >= 200 mu g/L, and about 5% of them had a UI concentration of >50 mu g/L. (iii) All pregnant women (sample size 184) surveyed during 2005-2008 had a median UI concentration of 125 mu g/L (95% CI 86-198), and 56.9%+/- 7.9% of this group had a UI concentration of <150 mu g/L. UI concentrations were lower among non-Hispanic black survey participants than non-Hispanic white and Mexican-American participants. Conclusions: These findings affirm the stabilization of UI concentration and adequate iodine nutrition in the general U. S. population since 2000. However, certain groups likely do not achieve a sufficient dietary iodine intake according to the World Health Organization. The needs of these vulnerable groups and the inadequacy of their dietary iodine intake should be addressed in future efforts. C1 [Caldwell, Kathleen L.; Makhmudov, Amir; Ely, Elizabeth; Jones, Robert L.; Wang, Richard Y.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Caldwell, KL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, 4770 Buford Highway,Mail Stop F-18, Chamblee, GA 30341 USA. EM klc7@cdc.gov NR 36 TC 97 Z9 102 U1 3 U2 12 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1050-7256 J9 THYROID JI Thyroid PD APR PY 2011 VL 21 IS 4 BP 419 EP 427 DI 10.1089/thy.2010.0077 PG 9 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 745TV UT WOS:000289190400012 PM 21323596 ER PT J AU Bussmann, H Gomez, FD Roels, TH Wester, CW Bodika, SM Moyo, S Taffa, N Anderson, MG Mine, M Bile, EC Yang, CF Mphoyakgosi, K Lehotzky, EA Mlotshwa, B Mmelesi, M Seipone, K Makhema, MJ Marlink, RG Novitsky, V Essex, M AF Bussmann, Hermann Gomez, Florindo de la Hoz Roels, Thierry H. Wester, C. William Bodika, Stephane M. Moyo, Sikhulile Taffa, Negussie Anderson, Marina G. Mine, Madisa Bile, Ebi-Celestin Yang, Chunfu Mphoyakgosi, Kereng Lehotzky, Erica Ann Mlotshwa, Busisiwe Mmelesi, Mpho Seipone, Khumo Makhema, Moeketsi J. Marlink, Richard G. Novitsky, Vladimir Essex, M. TI Prevalence of Transmitted HIV Drug Resistance in Botswana: Lessons Learned from the HIVDR-Threshold Survey Conducted Among Women Presenting for Routine Antenatal Care as Part of the 2007 National Sentinel Survey SO AIDS RESEARCH AND HUMAN RETROVIRUSES LA English DT Article ID CAPTURE ENZYME-IMMUNOASSAY; IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS TYPE-1; ANTIRETROVIRAL TREATMENT; SOUTH-AFRICA; SCALING-UP; VIRAL LOAD; SURVEILLANCE; INFECTION; THERAPY; MUTATIONS AB The emergence and spread of transmitted drug resistance (TDR) poses a major threat to the success of the rapidly expanding antiretroviral treatment (ART) programs in resource-limited countries. The World Health Organization recommends the use of the HIV Drug Resistance Threshold Survey (HIVDR-TS) as an affordable means to monitor the presence of TDR in these settings. We report our experiences and results of the 2007 HIVDR-TS in Botswana, a country with one of the longest-existing national public ART programs in Africa. The HIVDR-TS and HIV-1 incidence testing were performed in the two largest national sites as part of the 2007 antenatal Botswana Sentinel Survey. The HIVDR-TS showed no significant drug resistance mutations (TDR less than 5%) in one site. TDR prevalence, however, could not be ascertained at the second site due to low sample size. The agreement between HIVDR-TS eligibility criteria and laboratory-based methodologies (i.e., BED-CEIA and LS-EIA) in identifying recently HIV-1 infected adults was poor. Five years following the establishment of Botswana's public ART program, the prevalence of TDR remains low. The HIVDR-TS methodology has limitations for low-density populations as in Botswana, where the majority of antenatal sites are too small to recruit sufficient numbers of patients. In addition, the eligibility criteria (age < 25 years and parity (first pregnancy)) of the HIVDR-TS performed poorly in identifying recent HIV-1 infections in Botswana. An alternative sampling strategy should be considered for the surveillance of HIVDR in Botswana and similar geographic settings. C1 [Bussmann, Hermann; Wester, C. William; Marlink, Richard G.; Novitsky, Vladimir; Essex, M.] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Harvard Sch Publ Hlth AIDS Initiat, Dept Immunol & Infect Dis, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Bussmann, Hermann; Wester, C. William; Moyo, Sikhulile; Makhema, Moeketsi J.; Marlink, Richard G.; Novitsky, Vladimir; Essex, M.] Botswana Harvard AIDS Inst BHP, Gaborone, Botswana. [Gomez, Florindo de la Hoz; Anderson, Marina G.; Mine, Madisa; Mphoyakgosi, Kereng; Mlotshwa, Busisiwe; Mmelesi, Mpho; Seipone, Khumo] Minist Hlth, Gaborone, Botswana. [Roels, Thierry H.; Bodika, Stephane M.; Taffa, Negussie; Bile, Ebi-Celestin] Botswana US Amer BOTUSA Collaborat, Gaborone, Botswana. [Wester, C. William] Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, VIGH, Nashville, TN 37212 USA. [Yang, Chunfu; Lehotzky, Erica Ann] CDC Atlanta, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent NCHH, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Essex, M (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Harvard Sch Publ Hlth AIDS Initiat, Dept Immunol & Infect Dis, FXB 402,651 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02115 USA. EM messex@hsph.harvard.edu RI Yang, Chunfu/G-6890-2013; OI Moyo, Sikhulile/0000-0003-3821-4592 FU Botswana Ministry of Health; Botswana-USA Collaboration; Botswana-Harvard AIDS Institute; World Health Organization, Botswana FX The authors acknowledge the Botswana Ministry of Health, the Botswana-USA Collaboration, the Botswana-Harvard AIDS Institute, and the World Health Organization, Botswana, for their support and advice in conducting the sentinel surveillance activities. We also thank all staff members in the participating antenatal clinics and laboratories. NR 56 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 4 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 0889-2229 J9 AIDS RES HUM RETROV JI Aids Res. Hum. Retrovir. PD APR PY 2011 VL 27 IS 4 BP 365 EP 372 DI 10.1089/aid.2009.0299 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA 744DM UT WOS:000289074400004 PM 21034246 ER PT J AU Kourtis, AP Amedee, AM Bulterys, M Danner, S Van Dyke, R O'Sullivan, MJ Maupin, R Jamieson, DJ AF Kourtis, Athena P. Amedee, Angela Martin Bulterys, Marc Danner, Susan Van Dyke, Russell O'Sullivan, Mary Jo Maupin, Robert Jamieson, Denise J. TI Various Viral Compartments in HIV-1-Infected Mothers Contribute to In Utero Transmission of HIV-1 SO AIDS RESEARCH AND HUMAN RETROVIRUSES LA English DT Article ID IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS TYPE-1; TO-CHILD TRANSMISSION; VERTICAL TRANSMISSION; PRIMARY INFECTION; PERINATAL TRANSMISSION; ENVELOPE DIVERSITY; GENETIC-ANALYSIS; DNA-SEQUENCES; GENITAL-TRACT; VARIANTS AB Perinatal HIV transmission occurs in utero or intrapartum. The mechanisms and timing of transmission are not clearly understood. To compare the genetic sequences of the V3 envelope region of infant's plasma HIV to that of the mother's plasma, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and vaginal secretions, and correlate with timing of transmission. All 3 infants had a positive HIV PCR in the first days of life, thus classified as in utero infections. In the first mother-infant pair, two different variants were present in the infant, one correlating with maternal PBMC virus and highly homologous to virus from vaginal secretions and the other identical to sequences in maternal plasma. In the second pair, the infant plasma virus was similar to that of maternal PBMC. In the third pair, the cord blood and infant plasma virus were highly similar to maternal vaginal virus. The presence of more than one HIV variant from the maternal blood and from the vaginal compartment in the cord blood of infants presumably infected in utero could point to more than one episode of transmission or, alternatively, to transmission of PBMC virus. C1 [Kourtis, Athena P.; Jamieson, Denise J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Bulterys, Marc; Danner, Susan] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Amedee, Angela Martin; Maupin, Robert] Louisiana State Univ, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Microbiol Immunol & Parasitol, New Orleans, LA USA. [Bulterys, Marc] CDC, Global AIDS Program, Ctr Global Hlth, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Van Dyke, Russell] Tulane Univ, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pediat, New Orleans, LA 70118 USA. [O'Sullivan, Mary Jo] Univ Miami, Sch Med, Miami, FL USA. RP Kourtis, AP (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 2900 Woodcock Blvd, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM apk3@cdc.gov FU National Center for HIV, STD, and TB Prevention at CDC [U64/217724, 417719, 417735, 517715, 617734] FX The MIRIAD study was coordinated and funded by the National Center for HIV, STD, and TB Prevention at CDC under cooperative agreements U64/217724, 417719, 417735, 517715, and 617734. We thank all the MIRIAD study investigators and the many people who provided critical input into protocol development, training at the sites, and guidance and support throughout the duration of the study. We especially thank Angela Bradley-Byers, RN (New Orleans, Louisiana) and Yvette Rivero, BA (Miami, Florida) for their superb coordination at the hospitals where the delivery of the 3 infants in our study occurred. Drs. Mary Glenn Fowler and Alan Greenberg (CDC) provided scientific guidance and support throughout the study. We thank Margaret Lampe, RN, Rosalind Carter, PhD, Yolanda Olszewski, MPH, Renata Dennis, RN, MPH, Steven Nesheim, MD, Mardge Cohen, MD, Mayris Webber, DrPH, Bernard Branson, MD, Michael Lindsay, MD, MPH, Andre Nahmias, MD, Francis Lee, PhD, Pat Garcia, MD, Elaine Abrams, MD, Gwendolyn Scott, MD, Clyde Hart, PhD, Jeffrey Wiener, MS and Sanjyot Shinde, PhD, for their tireless work on the MIRIAD study and Drs. Chin-Yih Ou and Jeff Johnson for their helpful comments after reading a draft of this manuscript. NR 36 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 0889-2229 J9 AIDS RES HUM RETROV JI Aids Res. Hum. Retrovir. PD APR PY 2011 VL 27 IS 4 BP 421 EP 427 DI 10.1089/aid.2010.0160 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA 744DM UT WOS:000289074400011 PM 21034247 ER PT J AU Hedgeman, E Plantinga, L Burrows, NR Yee, J Powe, N Williams, D Saran, R AF Hedgeman, Elizabeth Plantinga, Laura Burrows, Nilka Rios Yee, Jerry Powe, Neil Williams, Desmond Saran, Rajiv CA CDC CKD Surveillance Syst TI Chronic Kidney Disease Surveillance for the United States: A Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Initiative SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF KIDNEY DISEASES LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 2011 Spring Clinical Meeting on National Kidney Foundation CY APR 26-30, 2011 CL Las Vegas, NV SP Natl Kidney Fdn C1 [Hedgeman, Elizabeth] Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Plantinga, Laura; Powe, Neil] Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Burrows, Nilka Rios; Williams, Desmond] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Baltimore, MD USA. [Yee, Jerry] Henry Ford Hlth Syst, Detroit, MI USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0272-6386 J9 AM J KIDNEY DIS JI Am. J. Kidney Dis. PD APR PY 2011 VL 57 IS 4 MA 121 BP A47 EP A47 PG 1 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 738QN UT WOS:000288657100122 ER PT J AU Huang, YH Tilea, A Gillespie, B Powe, N Plantinga, L Pavkov, M Eberhardt, M Saran, R AF Huang, Yihung Tilea, Anca Gillespie, Brenda Powe, Neil Plantinga, Laura Pavkov, Meda Eberhardt, Mark Saran, Rajiv TI TRENDS IN PREVALENCE OF CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE IN KIDNEY TRANSPLANT RECIPIENTS SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF KIDNEY DISEASES LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 2011 Spring Clinical Meeting on National Kidney Foundation CY APR 26-30, 2011 CL Las Vegas, NV SP Natl Kidney Fdn C1 Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. UCSF, San Francisco, CA USA. CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0272-6386 J9 AM J KIDNEY DIS JI Am. J. Kidney Dis. PD APR PY 2011 VL 57 IS 4 MA 123 BP A47 EP A47 PG 1 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 738QN UT WOS:000288657100124 ER PT J AU Chin-Hong, PV Schwartz, BS Bern, C Montgomery, SP Kontak, S Kubak, B Morris, MI Nowicki, M Wright, C Ison, MG AF Chin-Hong, P. V. Schwartz, B. S. Bern, C. Montgomery, S. P. Kontak, S. Kubak, B. Morris, M. I. Nowicki, M. Wright, C. Ison, M. G. TI Screening and Treatment of Chagas Disease in Organ Transplant Recipients in the United States: Recommendations from the Chagas in Transplant Working Group SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION LA English DT Article DE Chagas disease; donor-derived infection; nonendemic countries; T; cruzi; transplant infectious disease ID TRYPANOSOMA-CRUZI INFECTION; POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; RENAL-TRANSPLANTATION; HEART-TRANSPLANTATION; LIVER-TRANSPLANTATION; BLOOD-DONORS; LOS-ANGELES; TRANSMISSION; CALIFORNIA; RISK AB Donor-derived transmission of Trypanosoma cruzi, the etiologic agent of Chagas disease, has emerged as an issue in the United States over the past 10 years. Acute T. cruzi infection causes substantial morbidity and mortality in the posttransplant setting if not recognized and treated early. We assembled a working group of transplant infectious disease specialists, laboratory medicine specialists, organ procurement organization representatives and epidemiologists with expertise in Chagas disease. Based on review of published and unpublished data, the working group prepared evidence-based recommendations for donor screening, and follow-up testing and treatment of recipients of organs from infected donors. We advise targeted T. cruzi screening of potential donors born in Mexico, Central America and South America. Programs can consider transplantation of kidneys and livers from T. cruzi-infected donors with informed consent from recipients. However, we recommend against heart transplantation from infected donors. For other organs, we recommend caution based on the anticipated degree of immunosuppression. Our recommendations stress the need for systematic monitoring of recipients by polymerase chain reaction, and microscopy of buffy coat and advance planning for immediate antitrypanosomal treatment if recipient infection is detected. Data on management and outcomes of all cases should be collected to inform future guidelines and to assist in coordination with public health authorities. C1 [Chin-Hong, P. V.; Schwartz, B. S.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Div Infect Dis, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Bern, C.; Montgomery, S. P.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Kontak, S.] New York Organ Donor Network, New York, NY USA. [Kubak, B.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Div Infect Dis, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Morris, M. I.] Univ Miami, Miller Sch Med, Div Infect Dis, Miami, FL 33136 USA. [Nowicki, M.] Mendez Natl Inst Transplantat, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Wright, C.] LifeLink, Tampa, FL USA. [Ison, M. G.] Northwestern Univ, Feinberg Sch Med, Div Infect Dis, Chicago, IL 60611 USA. [Ison, M. G.] Northwestern Univ, Feinberg Sch Med, Div Organ Transplantat, Chicago, IL 60611 USA. RP Chin-Hong, PV (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, Div Infect Dis, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. EM phong@php.ucsf.edu NR 31 TC 53 Z9 53 U1 0 U2 4 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1600-6135 EI 1600-6143 J9 AM J TRANSPLANT JI Am. J. Transplant. PD APR PY 2011 VL 11 IS 4 BP 672 EP 680 DI 10.1111/j.1600-6143.2011.03444.x PG 9 WC Surgery; Transplantation SC Surgery; Transplantation GA 741ZK UT WOS:000288907300010 PM 21401868 ER PT J AU Humar, A Lando, J Dato, V Holmberg, S Bower, WA Kuehnert, MJ Rao, AK AF Humar, A. Lando, J. Dato, V. Holmberg, S. Bower, W. A. Kuehnert, M. J. Rao, A. K. TI Potential Transmission of Viral Hepatitis Through Use of Stored Blood Vessels as Conduits in Organ Transplantation-Pennsylvania, 2009 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION LA English DT Editorial Material ID LIVER-TRANSPLANTATION; ARTERIAL C1 [Humar, A.] Univ Pittsburgh, Med Ctr, Div Transplantat, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. [Lando, J.] Off Publ Hlth Preparedness & Response, Baltimore, MD USA. [Dato, V.] Penn Dept Hlth, Harrisburg, PA 17108 USA. Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Salt Lake City, UT USA. [Bower, W. A.; Kuehnert, M. J.] Natl Ctr Emerging Zoonot Infect Dis, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. [Rao, A. K.] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Humar, A (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Med Ctr, Div Transplantat, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. NR 4 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1600-6135 EI 1600-6143 J9 AM J TRANSPLANT JI Am. J. Transplant. PD APR PY 2011 VL 11 IS 4 BP 863 EP 865 DI 10.1111/j.1600-6143.2011.03522.x PG 3 WC Surgery; Transplantation SC Surgery; Transplantation GA 741ZK UT WOS:000288907300034 ER PT J AU Tan, KR Magill, AJ Parise, ME Arguin, PM AF Tan, Kathrine R. Magill, Alan J. Parise, Monica E. Arguin, Paul M. TI Doxycycline for Malaria Chemoprophylaxis and Treatment: Report from the CDC Expert Meeting on Malaria Chemoprophylaxis SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID MOUNTAIN-SPOTTED-FEVER; PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM MALARIA; INDUCED AUTOIMMUNE HEPATITIS; PLACEBO-CONTROLLED TRIAL; UNITED-STATES TROOPS; DOUBLE-BLIND; IN-VITRO; TETRACYCLINE THERAPY; ANTIMALARIAL-DRUGS; CHLOROQUINE-RESISTANT AB Doxycycline, a synthetically derived tetracycline, is a partially efficacious causal prophylactic (liver stage of Plasmodium) drug and a slow acting blood schizontocidal agent highly effective for the prevention of malaria. When used in conjunction with a fast acting schizontocidal agent, it is also highly effective for malaria treatment. Doxycycline is especially useful as a prophylaxis in areas with chloroquine and multidrug-resistant Plasmodium falciparum malaria. Although not recommended for pregnant women and children <8 years of age, severe adverse events are rarely reported for doxycycline. This report examines the evidence behind current recommendations for the use of doxvcycline for malaria and summarizes the available literature on its safety and tolerability. C1 [Tan, Kathrine R.; Arguin, Paul M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Malaria Branch, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Magill, Alan J.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Expt Therapeut, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Parise, Monica E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Parasit Dis Branch, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Tan, KR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Malaria Branch, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Ctr Global Hlth, 4770 Buford Hwy MS F-22, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM ktan@cdc.gov; alan.magill@us.army.mil; mparise@cdc.gov; parguin@cdc.gov NR 158 TC 44 Z9 44 U1 3 U2 15 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD APR PY 2011 VL 84 IS 4 BP 517 EP 531 DI 10.4269/ajtmh.2011.10-0285 PG 15 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 743MY UT WOS:000289023600003 PM 21460003 ER PT J AU Lee, YM Handali, S Hancock, K Pattabhi, S Kovalenko, VA Levin, A Rodriguez, S Lin, SC Scheel, CM Gonzalez, AE Gilman, RH Garcia, HH Tsang, VCW AF Lee, Yeuk-Mui Handali, Sukwan Hancock, Kathy Pattabhi, Sowmya Kovalenko, Victor A. Levin, Andrew Rodriguez, Silvia Lin, Sehching Scheel, Christina M. Gonzalez, Armando E. Gilman, Robert H. Garcia, Hector H. Tsang, Victor C. W. TI Serologic Diagnosis of Human Taenia solium Cysticercosis by Using Recombinant and Synthetic Antigens in QuickELISA (TM) SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID LINKED IMMUNOELECTROTRANSFER BLOT; IMMUNOSORBENT-ASSAY; NEUROCYSTICERCOSIS; CLONING; SERODIAGNOSIS; GLYCOPROTEINS; 8-KD; PERU; GP50 AB Diagnosis of Taenia solium cysticercosis is an important component in the control and elimination of cysticercosis and taeniasis. New detection assays using recombinant and synthetic antigens originating from the lentil lectin-purified glycoproteins (LLGPs) of T solium cysticerci were developed in a QuickELISA(TM) format. We analyzed a panel of 474 serum samples composed of 108 serum samples from donors with two or more viable cysts, 252 serum samples from persons with other parasitic infections, and 114 serum samples from persons with no documented illnesses. The sensitivities and specificities of T24H QuickELISA(TM), GP50 QuickELISA(TM), and Ts18var1 QuickELISA(TM) were 96.3% and 99.2%, 93.5% and 98.6%, and 89.8% and 96.4%, respectively, for detecting cases with multiple, viable cysts. T24H QuickELISA(TM) performs best among the three assays, and has sensitivity and specificity values comparable to those of the LLGP enzyme-linked immunosorbent blot. The QuickELISA(TM) are simple, rapid quantitative methods for detecting antibodies specific for T solium cysticerci antigens. C1 [Lee, Yeuk-Mui; Handali, Sukwan; Hancock, Kathy; Pattabhi, Sowmya; Scheel, Christina M.; Tsang, Victor C. W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Sci Resource Program, Coordinating Ctr Infect Dis, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Kovalenko, Victor A.; Levin, Andrew] Immunetics Inc, Boston, MA USA. [Rodriguez, Silvia; Garcia, Hector H.] Univ Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Dept Microbiol, Lima, Peru. [Rodriguez, Silvia; Garcia, Hector H.] Inst Ciencias Neurol, Cysticercosis Unit, Lima, Peru. [Gonzalez, Armando E.] Univ San Marcos, Sch Vet Med, Lima, Peru. [Gilman, Robert H.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. [Tsang, Victor C. W.] Georgia State Univ, Dept Biol, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Lee, YM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mailstop D-64, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM ylee@cdc.gov; SHandali@cdc.gov; KHancock@cdc.gov; spattabhi@idri.org; vdiagnosticnno@maine.rr.com; alevin@Immunetics.com; silvia@peruresearch.com; SLin@cdc.gov; CScheel@cdc.gov; agonzale@jhsph.edu; rgilman@jhsph.edu; hgarcia@jhsph.edu; vcwtsang@mindspring.com FU Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation [23981]; National Institutes of Health [1R43AI64988-01, 2R44A1064988-02] FX This study was supported by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation (grant no. 23981) and National Institutes of Health SIBR grants 1R43AI64988-01 and 2R44A1064988-02. NR 25 TC 11 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD APR PY 2011 VL 84 IS 4 BP 587 EP 593 DI 10.4269/ajtmh.2011.10-0079 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 743MY UT WOS:000289023600015 PM 21460015 ER PT J AU Edwards, SH Kimberly, MM Pyatt, SD Stribling, SL Dobbin, KD Myers, GL AF Edwards, Selvin H. Kimberly, Mary M. Pyatt, Susan D. Stribling, Shelton L. Dobbin, Kara D. Myers, Gary L. TI Proposed Serum Cholesterol Reference Measurement Procedure by Gas Chromatography-Isotope Dilution Mass Spectrometry SO CLINICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID CANDIDATE REFERENCE METHOD; NATIONAL REFERENCE SYSTEM; DEFINITIVE METHOD; CLINICAL-CHEMISTRY; UNITED-STATES; ACCURACY; SWEDEN; JAPAN AB BACKGROUND: Our purpose was to establish a mass spectrometry reference measurement procedure (RMP) for cholesterol to use in the CDC's standardization programs. We explored a gas chromatography-isotope dilution mass spectrometry (GC-IDMS) procedure using a multilevel standard calibration curve to quantify samples with varying cholesterol concentrations. METHODS: We calibrated the mass spectrometry instrument by isotope dilution with a pure primary standard reference material and an isotopically enriched cholesterol analog as the internal standard (IS). We diluted the serum samples with Tris-HCl buffer (pH 7.4, 0.05 mol/L, 0.25% Triton X-100) before analysis. We used 17 serum pools, 10 native samples, and 2 standard reference materials (SRMs). We compared the GC-IDMS measurements with the CDC's modified Abell-Levy-Brodie-Kendall (AK) RMP measurements and assessed method accuracy by analyzing 2 SRMs. We evaluated the procedure for lack of interference by analyzing serum spiked with a mixture of 7 sterols. RESULTS: The mean percent bias between the AK and the GC-IDMS RMP was 1.6% for all samples examined. The mean percent bias from NIST's RMP was 0.5% for the SRMs. The total %CVs for SRM 1951b levels I and II were 0.61 and 0.73%, respectively. We found that none of the sterols investigated interfered with the cholesterol measurement. CONCLUSIONS: The low imprecision, linear response, lack of interferences, and acceptable bias vs the NIST primary RMP qualifies this procedure as an RMP for determining serum cholesterol. The CDC will adopt and implement this GC-IDMS procedure for cholesterol standardization. (C) 2011 American Association for Clinical Chemistry C1 [Edwards, Selvin H.; Kimberly, Mary M.; Pyatt, Susan D.; Myers, Gary L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Clin Chem Branch, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Chamblee, GA 30341 USA. [Stribling, Shelton L.; Dobbin, Kara D.] Battelle Mem Inst, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Edwards, SH (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Clin Chem Branch, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, 4770 Buford Hwy,MS-F25, Chamblee, GA 30341 USA. EM sedwards@cdc.gov FU Division for Heart Disease and Stroke Prevention, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion (NCCDPHP), CDC; National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute (NHLBI) FX Interagency Agreement with the National Heart, Lung and Blood Institute (NHLBI) and funding from the Division for Heart Disease and Stroke Prevention, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion (NCCDPHP), CDC. NR 27 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 3 U2 9 PU AMER ASSOC CLINICAL CHEMISTRY PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 L STREET NW, SUITE 202, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-1526 USA SN 0009-9147 EI 1530-8561 J9 CLIN CHEM JI Clin. Chem. PD APR PY 2011 VL 57 IS 4 BP 614 EP 622 DI 10.1373/clinchem.2010.158766 PG 9 WC Medical Laboratory Technology SC Medical Laboratory Technology GA 741HE UT WOS:000288854000015 PM 21317273 ER PT J AU Yuan, J Inami, G Mohle-Boetani, J Vugia, DJ AF Yuan, Jean Inami, Gregory Mohle-Boetani, Janet Vugia, Duc J. TI Recurrent Wound Botulism Among Injection Drug Users in California SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID BLACK TAR HEROIN; TOXIN AB Background. Botulism is an acute neurologic illness characterized by cranial nerve palsies and descending flaccid paralysis. Botulism is a rare disease and recurrent botulism even more rare. We review cases of recurrent wound botulism (WB) among injection drug users (IDUs) in California from 1993 through 2006 and describe 2 case patients. Methods. From botulism surveillance data for 1993-2006, we identified patients with > 1 episode of clinical WB, defined as acute descending paralysis with a visible wound or recent history of injection drug use. For each patient, >= 1 of their WB episodes was laboratory confirmed. We extracted demographic, clinical, and laboratory information from case and laboratory reports and compared clinical characteristic frequency of initial and second WB episodes. Results. During 1993-2006, 17 IDUs had recurrent WB, 14 with 1 recurrence and 3 with 2 recurrences. Of 25 laboratory-confirmed episodes, 22 were confirmed through serum testing and 3 through wound testing. Patients were 32-61 years old, and 94% were male. All patients reported heroin injections; 88% specified black tar heroin use and 76% reported subcutaneous injection. The most common presentations were having a visible wound, speech difficulty, double vision, respiratory difficulty, and trouble swallowing. There were no significant differences in clinical presentation between initial and second episodes. Conclusions. As the California epidemic of WB among IDUs continues, WB episodes are recurring. Both clinicians and IDUs should be aware of the potential for WB to recur among IDUs to enable timely diagnosis and early botulinum antitoxin administration and supportive care. C1 [Vugia, Duc J.] Calif Dept Publ Hlth, Infect Dis Branch, Div Communicable Dis Control, Ctr Infect Dis, Richmond, CA 94804 USA. [Yuan, Jean] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Off Workforce & Career Dev, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Vugia, DJ (reprint author), Calif Dept Publ Hlth, Infect Dis Branch, Div Communicable Dis Control, Ctr Infect Dis, 850 Marina Bay Pkwy,Bldg P,2nd Fl, Richmond, CA 94804 USA. EM duc.vugia@cdph.ca.gov NR 19 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 4 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD APR 1 PY 2011 VL 52 IS 7 BP 862 EP 866 DI 10.1093/cid/cir005 PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 740NW UT WOS:000288802600008 PM 21317399 ER PT J AU Talaat, M Afifi, S Dueger, E El-Ashry, N Marfin, A Kandeel, A Mohareb, E El-Sayed, N AF Talaat, Maha Afifi, Salma Dueger, Erica El-Ashry, Nagwa Marfin, Anthony Kandeel, Amr Mohareb, Emad El-Sayed, Nasr TI Effects of Hand Hygiene Campaigns on Incidence of Laboratory-confirmed Influenza and Absenteeism in Schoolchildren, Cairo, Egypt SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID CONTROLLED-TRIAL; RISK; TRANSMISSION; COMMUNITY; DIARRHEA; PROGRAM; SCHOOLS AB To evaluate the effectiveness of an intensive hand hygiene campaign on reducing absenteeism caused by influenza-like illness (ILI), diarrhea, conjunctivitis, and laboratory-confirmed influenza, we conducted a randomized control trial in 60 elementary schools in Cairo, Egypt. Children in the intervention schools were required to wash hands twice each day, and health messages were provided through entertainment activities. Data were collected on student absenteeism and reasons for illness. School nurses collected nasal swabs from students with ILI, which were tested by using a qualitative diagnostic test for influenza A and B. Compared with results for the control group, in the intervention group, overall absences caused by ILI, diarrhea, conjunctivitis, and laboratory-confirmed influenza were reduced by 40%, 30%, 67%, and 50%, respectively (p < 0.0001 for each illness). An intensive hand hygiene campaign was effective in reducing absenteeism caused by these illnesses. C1 [Talaat, Maha; Afifi, Salma; Dueger, Erica; Marfin, Anthony; Mohareb, Emad] US Naval Med Res Unit 3 NAMRU 3, Cairo, Egypt. [Dueger, Erica; Marfin, Anthony] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [El-Ashry, Nagwa; Kandeel, Amr; El-Sayed, Nasr] Minist Hlth Cairo, Cairo, Egypt. RP Talaat, M (reprint author), USN, Med Res Unit 3, PSC 452,Box 5000, Fpo, AE 09835 USA. EM maha.talaat.ctr.eg@med.navy.mil FU Centers of Diseases Prevention and Control [6000.000.000.E0016] FX This work was supported by the Centers of Diseases Prevention and Control, Work Unit no. 6000.000.000.E0016. The study protocol was approved by the US Naval Medical Research Unit No. 3 Institutional Review Board (Protocol #NAMRU3. NAMRU3.2007-0007), and work was conducted in compliance with all Federal regulations governing the protection of human subjects. NR 24 TC 72 Z9 72 U1 1 U2 7 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD APR PY 2011 VL 17 IS 4 BP 619 EP 625 DI 10.3201/eid1704.101353 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 742WF UT WOS:000288975300007 PM 21470450 ER PT J AU Kay, M Zerr, DM Englund, JA Cadwell, BL Kuypers, J Swenson, P Kwan-Gett, TS Bell, SL Duchin, JS AF Kay, Meagan Zerr, Danielle M. Englund, Janet A. Cadwell, Betsy L. Kuypers, Jane Swenson, Paul Kwan-Gett, Tao Sheng Bell, Shaquita L. Duchin, Jeffrey S. TI Shedding of Pandemic (H1N1) 2009 Virus among Health Care Personnel, Seattle, Washington, USA SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID INFLUENZA-A VIRUS; HOUSEHOLD TRANSMISSION; CLINICAL ILLNESS; INFECTION; OSELTAMIVIR; LINES AB The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) recommends that health care personnel (HCP) infected with pandemic influenza (H1N1) 2009 virus not work until 24 hours after fever subsides without the use of antipyretics. During an influenza outbreak, we examined the association between viral shedding and fever among infected HCP. Participants recorded temperatures daily and provided nasal wash specimens for 2 weeks after symptom onset. Specimens were tested by using PCR and culture. When they met CDC criteria for returning to work, 12 of 16 HCP (75%) (95% confidence interval 48%-93%) had virus detected by PCR, and 9 (56%) (95% confidence interval 30%-80%) had virus detected by culture. Fever was not associated with shedding duration (p = 0.65). HCP might shed virus even when meeting CDC exclusion guidelines. Further research is needed to clarify the association between viral shedding, symptoms, and infectiousness. C1 [Kay, Meagan; Swenson, Paul; Kwan-Gett, Tao Sheng; Duchin, Jeffrey S.] Publ Hlth Seattle & King Cty, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. [Kay, Meagan; Cadwell, Betsy L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Zerr, Danielle M.; Englund, Janet A.; Bell, Shaquita L.] Seattle Childrens Hosp, Seattle, WA USA. [Kuypers, Jane; Kwan-Gett, Tao Sheng; Duchin, Jeffrey S.] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Kay, M (reprint author), Publ Hlth Seattle & King Cty, 410 5th Ave,Suite 900, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. EM meagan.kay@kingcounty.gov NR 21 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD APR PY 2011 VL 17 IS 4 BP 639 EP 644 DI 10.3201/eid1704.100866 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 742WF UT WOS:000288975300010 PM 21470453 ER PT J AU Young, GE Hidalgo, CM Sullivan-Frohm, A Schulte, C Davis, S Kelly-Cirino, C Egan, C Wilkins, K Emerson, GL Noyes, K Blog, D AF Young, Gregory E. Hidalgo, Christina M. Sullivan-Frohm, Ann Schulte, Cynthia Davis, Stephen Kelly-Cirino, Cassandra Egan, Christina Wilkins, Kimberly Emerson, Ginny L. Noyes, Kimberly Blog, Debra TI Secondary and Tertiary Transmission of Vaccinia Virus from US Military Service Member SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID SMALLPOX AB During February and March 2010, the New York State Department of Health investigated secondary and tertiary vaccinia contact transmission from a military vaccinee to 4 close contacts. Identification of these cases underscores the need for strict adherence to postvaccination infection control guidance to avoid transmission of the live virus. C1 [Young, Gregory E.; Hidalgo, Christina M.; Sullivan-Frohm, Ann] New York State Dept Hlth, Buffalo, NY USA. [Schulte, Cynthia; Davis, Stephen; Kelly-Cirino, Cassandra; Egan, Christina; Noyes, Kimberly; Blog, Debra] New York State Dept Hlth, Albany, NY USA. [Wilkins, Kimberly; Emerson, Ginny L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Young, GE (reprint author), New York State Dept Hlth Western Reg, 584 Delaware Ave, Buffalo, NY 14202 USA. EM gey01@health.state.ny.us OI Kelly-Cirino, Cassandra/0000-0002-4526-8487 NR 9 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD APR PY 2011 VL 17 IS 4 BP 718 EP 721 DI 10.3201/eid1704.101316 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 742WF UT WOS:000288975300027 PM 21470470 ER PT J AU Hughes, CM Blythe, D Li, Y Reddy, R Jordan, C Edwards, C Adams, C Conners, H Rasa, C Wilby, S Russell, J Russo, KS Somsel, P Wiedbrauk, DL Dougherty, C Allen, C Frace, M Emerson, G Olson, VA Smith, SK Braden, Z Abel, J Davidson, W Reynolds, M Damon, IK AF Hughes, Christine M. Blythe, David Li, Yu Reddy, Ramani Jordan, Carol Edwards, Cindy Adams, Celia Conners, Holly Rasa, Catherine Wilby, Sue Russell, Jamaal Russo, Kelly S. Somsel, Patricia Wiedbrauk, Danny L. Dougherty, Cindy Allen, Christopher Frace, Mike Emerson, Ginny Olson, Victoria A. Smith, Scott K. Braden, Zachary Abel, Jason Davidson, Whitni Reynolds, Mary Damon, Inger K. TI Vaccinia Virus Infections in Martial Arts Gym, Maryland, USA, 2008 SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID SMALLPOX VACCINEE; SEXUAL CONTACT AB Vaccinia virus is an orthopoxvirus used in the live vaccine against smallpox. Vaccinia virus infections can be transmissible and can cause severe complications in those with weakened immune systems. We report on a cluster of 4 cases of vaccinia virus infection in Maryland, USA, likely acquired at a martial arts gym. C1 [Hughes, Christine M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Poxvirus & Rabies Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Blythe, David] Maryland Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, Baltimore, MD USA. [Reddy, Ramani] Maximed Associates, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Jordan, Carol; Edwards, Cindy; Adams, Celia; Conners, Holly; Rasa, Catherine; Wilby, Sue; Russell, Jamaal; Russo, Kelly S.] Montgomery Cty Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Somsel, Patricia] Michigan Dept Community Hlth, Lansing, MI USA. [Wiedbrauk, Danny L.] Warde Med Lab, Ann Arbor, MI USA. RP Hughes, CM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Poxvirus & Rabies Branch, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop G06, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM christine.hughes@cdc.hhs.gov NR 14 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD APR PY 2011 VL 17 IS 4 BP 730 EP 733 DI 10.3201/eid1704.101010 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 742WF UT WOS:000288975300030 PM 21470473 ER PT J AU Schrenzel, MD Tucker, TA Stalis, IH Kagan, RA Burns, RP Denison, AM Drew, CP Paddock, CD Rideout, BA AF Schrenzel, Mark D. Tucker, Tammy A. Stalis, Ilse H. Kagan, Rebecca A. Burns, Russell P. Denison, Amy M. Drew, Clifton P. Paddock, Christopher D. Rideout, Bruce A. TI Pandemic (H1N1) 2009 Virus in 3 Wildlife Species, San Diego, California, USA SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Letter ID INFLUENZA-VIRUS; TRANSMISSION C1 [Schrenzel, Mark D.; Tucker, Tammy A.; Stalis, Ilse H.; Kagan, Rebecca A.; Burns, Russell P.; Rideout, Bruce A.] San Diego Zoo Global, Escondido, CA 92027 USA. [Denison, Amy M.; Drew, Clifton P.; Paddock, Christopher D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Schrenzel, MD (reprint author), San Diego Zoo Global, Beckman Bldg,15600 San Pasqual Valley Rd, Escondido, CA 92027 USA. EM mschrenzel@sandiegozoo.org OI Denison, Amy/0000-0002-2163-3849 NR 9 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 3 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD APR PY 2011 VL 17 IS 4 BP 747 EP 749 DI 10.3201/eid1704.101355 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 742WF UT WOS:000288975300037 PM 21470480 ER PT J AU Jarquin, VG Callahan, DB Cohen, NJ Balaban, V Wang, R Beato, R Pordell, P Oyervides, O Huang, WT Lipman, H Fishbein, D Massoudi, MS AF Jarquin, Vanessa G. Callahan, David B. Cohen, Nicole J. Balaban, Victor Wang, Rose Beato, Ricardo Pordell, Paran Oyervides, Otilio Huang, Wan-Ting Lipman, Harvey Fishbein, Daniel Massoudi, Mehran S. TI Effect of School Closure from Pandemic (H1N1) 2009, Chicago, Illinois, USA SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Letter C1 [Jarquin, Vanessa G.; Callahan, David B.; Cohen, Nicole J.; Balaban, Victor; Wang, Rose; Beato, Ricardo; Pordell, Paran; Oyervides, Otilio; Huang, Wan-Ting; Lipman, Harvey; Fishbein, Daniel; Massoudi, Mehran S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Jarquin, VG (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop E86, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM vjarquin@cdc.gov RI Huang, Wan-Ting/E-3497-2010 OI Huang, Wan-Ting/0000-0002-4344-9567 NR 5 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD APR PY 2011 VL 17 IS 4 BP 751 EP 753 DI 10.3201/eid1704.100906 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 742WF UT WOS:000288975300039 PM 21470482 ER PT J AU Potter, P AF Potter, Polyxeni TI The Fragrance of the Heifer's Breath SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Editorial Material ID 17TH-CENTURY; SMALLPOX C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Potter, P (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop D61, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM PMPl@cdc.gov NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD APR PY 2011 VL 17 IS 4 BP 763 EP 764 DI 10.3201/eid1704.AC1704 PG 2 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 742WF UT WOS:000288975300045 PM 21470487 ER PT J AU Wells, EM Jarrett, JM Lin, YH Caldwell, KL Hibbeln, JR Apelberg, BJ Herbstman, J Halden, RU Witter, FR Goldman, LR AF Wells, Ellen M. Jarrett, Jeffery M. Lin, Yu Hong Caldwell, Kathleen L. Hibbeln, Joseph R. Apelberg, Benjamin J. Herbstman, Julie Halden, Rolf U. Witter, Frank R. Goldman, Lynn R. TI Body burdens of mercury, lead, selenium and copper among Baltimore newborns SO ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Mercury; Lead; Selenium; Copper; Umbilical cord ID UMBILICAL-CORD BLOOD; FISH CONSUMPTION; SEAFOOD CONSUMPTION; INORGANIC MERCURY; CHILD-DEVELOPMENT; NATIONAL-HEALTH; SERUM SELENIUM; MATERNAL BLOOD; PREGNANT-WOMEN; METHYL MERCURY AB Umbilical cord blood or serum concentrations of mercury, lead, selenium and copper were measured with inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry in a population of 300 infants born in Baltimore, Maryland. Geometric mean values were 1.37 mu g/L (95% confidence interval: 1.27, 1.48) for mercury; 0.66 mu g/dL (95% Cl; 0.61, 0.71) for lead; and 38.62 mu g/dL (95% Cl: 36.73, 40.61) for copper. Mean selenium was 70.10 mu g/L (95% Cl: 68.69, 70.52). Mercury, selenium and copper levels were within exposure ranges reported among similar populations, whereas the distribution of lead levels was lower than prior reports; only one infant had a cord blood lead above 10 mu g/dL. Levels of selenium were significantly correlated with concentrations of lead (Spearman's p=0.20) and copper (Spearman's p=0.51). Multivariable analyses identified a number of factors associated with one of more of these exposures. These included: increase in maternal age (increased lead); Asian mothers (increased mercury and lead, decreased selenium and copper); higher umbilical cord serum n-3 fatty acids (increased mercury, selenium and copper), mothers using Medicaid (increased lead); increasing gestational age (increased copper); increasing birthweight (increased selenium); older neighborhood housing stock (increased lead and selenium); and maternal smoking (increased lead). This work provides additional information about contemporary prenatal element exposures and can help identify groups at risk of atypical exposures. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Wells, Ellen M.; Halden, Rolf U.; Goldman, Lynn R.] Johns Hopkins Univ Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Wells, Ellen M.] Case Western Reserve Univ Sch Med, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. [Jarrett, Jeffery M.; Caldwell, Kathleen L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Inorgan & Radiat Analyt Toxicol Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Lin, Yu Hong; Hibbeln, Joseph R.] NIAAA, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Apelberg, Benjamin J.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Herbstman, Julie] Columbia Univ Mailman Sch Publ Hlth, Columbia Ctr Childrens Environm Hlth, New York, NY 10032 USA. [Halden, Rolf U.] Arizona State Univ, Biodesign Inst, Ctr Environm Biotechnol, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Witter, Frank R.] Johns Hopkins Univ Sch Med, Dept Gynecol & Obstet, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Goldman, Lynn R.] George Washington Univ Sch Publ Hlth & Hlth Serv, Washington, DC 20037 USA. RP Goldman, LR (reprint author), Washington Univ Sch Publ Hlth & Hlth Serv, 2300 Eye St NW,Suite 106, Washington, DC 20039 USA. EM lynn.goldman@gwumc.edu RI Schneider, Larissa/C-9863-2012; Goldman, Lynn/D-5372-2012; Halden, Rolf/F-9562-2010; OI Halden, Rolf/0000-0001-5232-7361; Wells, Ellen/0000-0002-7293-1395; Jarrett, Jeffery/0000-0001-5755-3552 FU United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA); Science to Achieve Results Fellowship Program (STAR); National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) [1R01ES015445]; US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC); Maryland Cigarette Restitution Program Research Grant; Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health; Johns Hopkins School of Medicine Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics FX This study received support from the United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Science to Achieve Results Fellowship Program (STAR), the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (NIEHS) grant 1R01ES015445, the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the Maryland Cigarette Restitution Program Research Grant given to the Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, the Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health and the Johns Hopkins School of Medicine Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics. The content and views presented in this work are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of US EPA, CDC, NIEHS, or any of the other institutes or centers at the National Institutes of Health. NR 56 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 2 U2 11 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0013-9351 J9 ENVIRON RES JI Environ. Res. PD APR PY 2011 VL 111 IS 3 BP 411 EP 417 DI 10.1016/j.envres.2010.12.009 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 743OC UT WOS:000289026700013 PM 21277575 ER PT J AU Cress, RD Bauer, K O'Malley, CD Kahn, AR Schymura, MJ Wike, JM Stewart, SL Leiserowitz, GS AF Cress, Rosemary D. Bauer, Katrina O'Malley, Cynthia D. Kahn, Amy R. Schymura, Maria J. Wike, Jennifer M. Stewart, Sherri L. Leiserowitz, Gary S. TI Surgical staging of early stage epithelial ovarian cancer: Results from the CDC-NPCR ovarian patterns of care study SO GYNECOLOGIC ONCOLOGY LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; CHEMOTHERAPY; OUTCOMES; WOMEN; CARCINOMA; TRIAL AB Objectives. The objectives of this study were to determine the adequacy of surgical staging performed on surgically treated epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) patients with apparent early stage disease and to determine if receipt of surgical staging had an influence on survival. Methods. Detailed surgical staging information was collected from medical records for 721 patients diagnosed between 1998 and 2000 with EOC. Patients resided in California or New York and were identified through population-based cancer registries. Results. Nearly 90% of patients had removal of the omentum and evaluation of bowel serosa and mesentery but only 72% had assessment of retroperitoneal lymph nodes and the majority of patients did not receive biopsies of other peritoneal locations. Only lymph node assessment (as well as node assessment combined with washings and omentectomy) had a statistically significant association with improved survival. The 5-year survival for women with node sampling was 84.2% versus 69.6% for those without this surgical procedure, and patients who did not have lymph node assessment had nearly twice the risk of death as those who did. When patients were stratified by receipt of chemotherapy, lack of node sampling had an effect only on patients who also had no chemotherapy (adjusted HR = 2.2, CI = 1.0-4.5). Conclusions. The results of this population-based study confirm the prognostic importance of surgical staging for women with EOC, and the important role of gynecologic oncologists in treating these patients. Adjuvant chemotherapy does not appear to further improve survival for those women who receive adequate surgical staging. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Cress, Rosemary D.; Bauer, Katrina] Calif Canc Registry, Inst Publ Hlth, Sacramento, CA 95825 USA. [Cress, Rosemary D.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Publ Hlth Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [O'Malley, Cynthia D.] Canc Prevent Inst Calif, Fremont, CA USA. [O'Malley, Cynthia D.] Amgen Inc, Thousand Oaks, CA 91320 USA. [Kahn, Amy R.; Schymura, Maria J.] New York State Canc Registry, Menands, NY USA. [Wike, Jennifer M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Program Canc Registries, Atlanta, GA USA. [Stewart, Sherri L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA USA. [Leiserowitz, Gary S.] UC Davis Med Ctr, Div Gynecol Oncol, Sacramento, CA USA. RP Cress, RD (reprint author), Calif Canc Registry, Inst Publ Hlth, 1825 Bell St,Suite 102, Sacramento, CA 95825 USA. EM rcress@ccr.ca.gov FU Centers of Disease Control and Prevention [U58/CCU920352, U58/CCU220322]; California Department of Public Health [103885]; New York State Department of Health [2401]; National Cancer Institute [N01-PC-35136]; Northern California Cancer Center [N01-PC-45025]; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [U58/DP00080, U58/DP000783] FX This research was supported by cooperative agreements (U58/CCU920352 and U58/CCU220322) with the Centers of Disease Control and Prevention. The collection of cancer incidence data used in this study was supported by the California Department of Public Health as part of the statewide cancer reporting program mandated by California Health and Safety Code Section 103885; the New York State Department of Health as part of the statewide cancer reporting mandate specified in New York State Public Health Law Section 2401; the National Cancer Institute's Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results Program under contract N01-PC-35136 awarded to the Northern California Cancer Center and contract N01-PC-45025 awarded to the Public Health Institute; and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's National Program of Cancer Registries, under agreement #U58/DP00080 awarded to the Public Health Institute and agreement #U58/DP000783 awarded to the New York State Department of Health. The ideas and opinions expressed herein are those of the author(s) and endorsement by the State of California Department of Public Health, the New York State Department of Health, the National Cancer Institute, and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention or their contractors and subcontractors is not intended nor should be inferred. NR 19 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 3 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0090-8258 J9 GYNECOL ONCOL JI Gynecol. Oncol. PD APR PY 2011 VL 121 IS 1 BP 94 EP 99 DI 10.1016/j.ygyno.2010.12.359 PG 6 WC Oncology; Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Oncology; Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 742DO UT WOS:000288920700016 PM 21256581 ER PT J AU Lazaryan, A Song, W Lobashevsky, E Tang, JM Shrestha, S Zhang, K McNicholl, JM Gardner, LI Wilson, CM Klein, RS Rompalo, A Mayer, K Sobel, J Kaslow, RA AF Lazaryan, Aleksandr Song, Wei Lobashevsky, Elena Tang, Jianming Shrestha, Sadeep Zhang, Kui McNicholl, Janet M. Gardner, Lytt I. Wilson, Craig M. Klein, Robert S. Rompalo, Anne Mayer, Kenneth Sobel, Jack Kaslow, Richard A. CA HIV Epidemiology Res Study Grp Reaching Excellence Adolescent Car TI The influence of human leukocyte antigen class I alleles and their population frequencies on human immunodeficiency virus type 1 control among African Americans SO HUMAN IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE HLA class I; Allele frequency; HIV-1 control; African American ID HLA CLASS-I; T-LYMPHOCYTE RESPONSES; DISEASE PROGRESSION; HIV-1 INFECTION; EPIDEMIOLOGY RESEARCH; HOMOSEXUAL-MEN; AIDS; GENOTYPES; DESIGN; GENES AB Populations of African ancestry continue to account for a disproportionate burden of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) epidemic in the United States. We investigated the effects of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I markers in association with virologic and immunologic control of HIV-1 infection among 338 HIV-1 subtype B-infected African Americans in 2 cohorts: Reaching for Excellence in Adolescent Care and Health (REACH) and HIV Epidemiology Research Study (HERS). One-year treatment-free interval measurements of HIV-1 RNA viral loads and CD4(+) T cells were examined both separately and combined to represent 3 categories of HIV-1 disease control (76 controllers, 169 intermediates, and 93 noncontrollers). Certain previously or newly implicated HLA class I alleles (A*32, A*36, A*74, B*14, B*1510, B*3501, B*45, B*53, B*57, Cw*04, Cw*08, Cw*12, and Cw*18) were associated with 1 or more of the endpoints in univariate analyses. After multivariable adjustments for other genetic and nongenetic risk factors of HIV-1 progression, the subset of alleles more strongly or consistently associated with HIV-1 disease control included A*32, A*74, 8*14, B*45, B*53, B*57, and Cw*08. Carriage of infrequent HM-B but not HLA-A alleles was associated with more favorable disease outcomes. Certain HLA class I associations with control of HIV-1 infection cross the boundaries of race and viral subtype, whereas others appear confined within one or the other of those boundaries. (C) 2011 American Society for Histocompatibility and Immunogenetics. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Lazaryan, Aleksandr; Song, Wei; Lobashevsky, Elena; Tang, Jianming; Shrestha, Sadeep; Zhang, Kui; Wilson, Craig M.; Kaslow, Richard A.] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. [McNicholl, Janet M.; Gardner, Lytt I.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Klein, Robert S.] Mt Sinai Sch Med, New York, NY 10029 USA. [Rompalo, Anne] Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Mayer, Kenneth] Brown Univ, Sch Med, Providence, RI 02912 USA. [Sobel, Jack] Wayne State Univ, Sch Med, Detroit, MI 48201 USA. RP Kaslow, RA (reprint author), Univ Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. EM rkaslow@uab.edu OI Tang, Jianming/0000-0003-0137-7486 FU National Institute of Child Health and Human Development; National Institutes on Drug Abuse; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID) [AI41951]; National Institute of Mental Health; Health Resources and Services Administration; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Agency for Health Care Policy and Research; National Institutes of Health Office for Women's Research FX The Adolescent Medicine HIV/AIDS Research Network was supported by the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, with supplemental funding from the National Institutes on Drug Abuse, the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), the National Institute of Mental Health, and the Health Resources and Services Administration. HERS was supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, the National Institute on Drug Abuse, the Agency for Health Care Policy and Research, and the National Institutes of Health Office for Women's Research. This study was also supported in part by NIAID Grant AI41951 (RAK, JT). We are infinitely grateful to all adolescent and women participants of the REACH and HERS cohorts. The Her Study Group consists of Robert S. Klein, MD, from the Mount Sinai School of Medicine; Ellie Schoenbaum, MD, Julia Arnsten, MD, MPH, Robert D. Burk, MD, Penelope Demas, PhD, and Andrea Howard, MD, MSc, from Montefiore Medical Center and the Albert Einstein College of Medicine; Paula Schuman, MD, Jack Sobel, MD, and Wayne Lancaster, PhD, from the Wayne State University School of Medicine; Anne Rompalo, MD, David Vlahov, PhD, and David Celentano, PhD, from the Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine; Charles Carpenter, MD, Kenneth Mayer, MD, Susan Cu-Uvin, MD, Timothy Flanigan, MD, Joseph Hogan, ScD, and Josiah Rich, MD, from the Brown University School of Medicine; Lytt I. Gardner, PhD, Chad Heilig, PhD, Scott D. Holmberg, MD, Denise J. Jamieson, MD, MPH, Janet S. Moore, PhD, and Dawn K. Smith, MD, MPH, from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; and Katherine Davenny, MPH, from the National Institute of Drug Abuse. NR 50 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0198-8859 J9 HUM IMMUNOL JI Hum. Immunol. PD APR PY 2011 VL 72 IS 4 BP 312 EP 318 DI 10.1016/j.humimm.2011.01.003 PG 7 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA 743MT UT WOS:000289023100003 PM 21262311 ER PT J AU Marks, SM Magee, E Robison, V AF Marks, S. M. Magee, E. Robison, V. TI Patients diagnosed with tuberculosis at death or who died during therapy: association with the human immunodeficiency virus SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TUBERCULOSIS AND LUNG DISEASE LA English DT Article DE tuberculosis; mortality; HIV ID ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; HIV-ASSOCIATED TUBERCULOSIS; INFECTED PATIENTS; RISK-FACTORS; MORTALITY; SURVIVAL; ERA AB OBJECTIVES: To describe trends and risk factors for tuberculosis (TB) mortality. DESIGN: We calculated trends, identified patient characteristics associated with TB diagnosis at death or death during TB treatment, and described diagnostic procedures using the United States National TB Surveillance System for 1997-2005. RESULTS: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infected TB patients had an adjusted odds ratio (aOR) of 4-11 for TB diagnosis at death (foreign-born non-Whites, aOR = 11) and of 3-19 for death during TB treatment vs. non-HIV-infected patients. Odds increased by age. Hispanic males had an aOR of 2 for TB diagnosis at death compared with female non-Hispanics. Multidrug-resistant TB (MDR-TB) patients had a three times greater aOR of death during treatment than non-MDR patients. American Indians, Black females, residents in long-term care facilities, US-born patients, and non-HIV-infected homeless persons aged 25-44 years each had an aOR of 2 for mortality during treatment; 86% of pulmonary patients diagnosed at death had a chest radiograph, but 34% had no sputum smear or culture reported. CONCLUSION: During 1997-2005, controlling for age, HIV remained the characteristic with the greatest aOR for TB diagnosis at death or death during TB therapy. Race/ethnicity, country of birth and homelessness further increased the adjusted odds of death. Results show possible missed opportunities for TB diagnosis prior to death. C1 [Marks, S. M.; Magee, E.; Robison, V.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Marks, SM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Div TB Eliminat, Mailstop E-10,1600 Clifton Rd, Ne Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM smarks@cdc.gov FU US Government FX This study was funded by the US Government; analyses were conducted at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) by CDC employees. No part of the research presented has been funded by tobacco industry sources. None of the authors has a financial conflict of interest or any financial interests related to the material in the manuscript. NR 19 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 1 PU INT UNION AGAINST TUBERCULOSIS LUNG DISEASE (I U A T L D) PI PARIS PA 68 BOULEVARD SAINT-MICHEL,, 75006 PARIS, FRANCE SN 1027-3719 J9 INT J TUBERC LUNG D JI Int. J. Tuberc. Lung Dis. PD APR PY 2011 VL 15 IS 4 BP 465 EP 470 DI 10.5588/ijtld.10.0259 PG 6 WC Infectious Diseases; Respiratory System SC Infectious Diseases; Respiratory System GA 741RP UT WOS:000288882300009 PM 21396204 ER PT J AU Lamb, MM Beers, L Reed-Gillette, D McDowell, MA AF Lamb, Molly M. Beers, Lee Reed-Gillette, Debra McDowell, Margaret A. TI Feasibility of an Audio Computer-Assisted Self-Interview Method to Self-Assess Sexual Maturation SO JOURNAL OF ADOLESCENT HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Sexual maturation; Self-assessment; Feasibility; Children; Adolescents ID NUTRITION EXAMINATION SURVEY; PUBERTAL MATURATION; EARLY ADOLESCENTS; NATIONAL-HEALTH; VALIDITY; GIRLS; RELIABILITY; CHILDREN; STAGE; BOYS AB Purpose: Sexual maturation assessment using physical examination may no longer be feasible in some large epidemiologic surveys, such as National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, because of the sensitivity of the examination and privacy concerns. This study tested the feasibility of a new automated audio computer-assisted self-interview (ACASI) module for children and adolescents for self-assessment of sexual maturation. Methods: A cross-sectional feasibility study was conducted at a large urban children/adolescent clinic in Washington D. C. Self-assessed sexual maturation (Tanner stages) was reported by 234 youths (119 boys and 115 girls) aged 8-18 years by using the ACASI module. Girls assessed their breast and pubic hair development, and boys assessed their genital and pubic hair development. Self-assessments were compared with Tanner stages recorded by clinical examiners during routine well-child physical examinations conducted on the same day. Results: There was good/excellent agreement between boy's self-assessment and the examiner's assessment of their genital stage (weighted kappa: .65, 95% confidence interval [CI]: .55-.75) and pubic hair stage (weighted kappa: .78, CI: .70-.86). There was excellent agreement between girl's self-assessment and the examiner's assessment of their breast stage (weighted kappa: .81, CI: .74-.87) and pubic hair stage (weighted kappa: .78, CI: .71-.86). Conclusion: The ACASI method is a feasible method of pubertal self-assessment for participants as young as 8 years in large epidemiologic surveys. However, additional testing is needed to determine the validity of this ACASI module. Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine. C1 [McDowell, Margaret A.] NIH, Div Nutr Res Coordinat, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Lamb, Molly M.; Reed-Gillette, Debra] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Hlth & Nutr Examinat Surveys, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD USA. [Lamb, Molly M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. [Reed-Gillette, Debra] Childrens Natl Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20010 USA. RP McDowell, MA (reprint author), NIH, Div Nutr Res Coordinat, 2 Democracy Plaza,Rm 629,6707 Democracy BLVD,MSC, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM margaret.mcdowell@nih.gov NR 36 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1054-139X J9 J ADOLESCENT HEALTH JI J. Adolesc. Health PD APR PY 2011 VL 48 IS 4 BP 325 EP 330 DI 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2010.09.020 PG 6 WC Psychology, Developmental; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pediatrics SC Psychology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pediatrics GA 733ED UT WOS:000288243800002 PM 21402259 ER PT J AU Leonard, M AF Leonard, Monica TI Environmental Health Specialists Network (EHS-Net) 2010-2015: The New Funding Cycle SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH LA English DT Article AB Editor's Note: NEHA strives to provide up-to-date and relevant information on environmental health and to build partnerships in the profession. In pursuit of these goals, we feature a column from the Environmental Health Services Branch (EHSB) of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in every issue of the Journal. In this column, EHSB and guest authors from across CDC will highlight a variety of concerns, opportunities, challenges, and successes that we all share in environmental public health. EHSB's objective is to strengthen the role of state, local, and national environmental health programs and professionals to anticipate, identify, and respond to adverse environmental exposures and the consequences of these exposures for human health. The services being developed through EHSB include access to topical, relevant, and scientific information; consultation; and assistance to environmental health specialists, sanitarians, and environmental health professionals and practitioners. The conclusions in this article are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Monica Leonard is a junior environmental health officer in the Environmental Health Services Branch. She is also the project manager for EHS-Net funded grantees for the 2010-2015 project cycle. C1 [Leonard, Monica] US PHS, Washington, DC 20201 USA. RP Leonard, M (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Environmentzal Hlth Serv Branch, Div Emergency & Environm Hlth Serv, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, 4770 Buford Highway,MS F-60, Chamblee, GA 30341 USA. EM mleonard@cdc.gov NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATL ENVIRON HEALTH ASSOC PI DENVER PA 720 S COLORADO BLVD SUITE 970, SOUTH TOWER, DENVER, CO 80246 USA SN 0022-0892 J9 J ENVIRON HEALTH JI J. Environ. Health PD APR PY 2011 VL 73 IS 8 BP 22 EP 23 PG 2 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 743UQ UT WOS:000289044600005 PM 21488468 ER PT J AU Philpott, S Heise, L McGrory, E Paxton, L Hankins, C AF Philpott, Sean Heise, Lori McGrory, Elizabeth Paxton, Lynn Hankins, Catherine TI The challenge of defining standards of prevention in HIV prevention trials SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ETHICS LA English DT Article ID MALE CIRCUMCISION; MEN; TRANSMISSION; PROPHYLAXIS; KENYA AB As new HIV prevention tools are developed, researchers face a number of ethical and logistic questions about how and when to include novel HIV prevention strategies and tools in the standard prevention package of ongoing and future HIV prevention trials. Current Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS)/World Health Organization (WHO) guidance recommends that participants in prevention trials receive 'access to all state of the art HIV risk reduction methods', and that decisions about adding new tools to the prevention package be made in consultation with 'all relevant stakeholders'. The guidance, however, leaves open questions of both process and implementation. In March 2009, the Global Campaign for Microbicides, UNAIDS and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention convened a consultation to develop practical answers to these questions. Fifty-nine diverse participants, including researchers, ethicists, advocates and policymakers, worked to develop consensus criteria on when to include new HIV prevention tools in future trials. Participants developed a set of questions to guide decision-making, including: whether the method has been recommended by international bodies or adopted at a national level; the size of the effect and weight of the evidence; relevance to the trial population; whether the tool has been approved or introduced in the trial country; whether adding the tool might lead to trial futility; outstanding safety issues and status of the trial. Further work is needed to develop, implement and evaluate approaches to facilitate meaningful stakeholder participation in this deliberative process. C1 [Philpott, Sean] Union Grad College, Mt Sinai Sch Med, Bioeth Program, Schenectady, NY 12308 USA. [Philpott, Sean; Heise, Lori] Global Campaign Microbicides GCM, PATH, Washington, DC USA. [Heise, Lori] London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, Gender Violence & Hlth Ctr, London WC1, England. [McGrory, Elizabeth] Nyack, New York, NY USA. [Paxton, Lynn] United States Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Atlanta, GA USA. [Hankins, Catherine] Joint United Nations Programme HIV AIDS UNAIDS, Geneva, Switzerland. RP Philpott, S (reprint author), Union Grad College, Mt Sinai Sch Med, Bioeth Program, 80 Nott Terrace, Schenectady, NY 12308 USA. EM philpots@mail.uniongraduatecollege.edu OI Hankins, Catherine/0000-0002-1642-8592 FU American people through USAID [GPH-A-00-01-00005-00]; Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS FX Funding for this project was provided by the generous support of the American people through USAID under the terms of the HealthTech IV Cooperative Agreement no. GPH-A-00-01-00005-00. Additional financial support was provided by the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS. NR 21 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 4 PU B M J PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 0306-6800 J9 J MED ETHICS JI J. Med. Ethics PD APR PY 2011 VL 37 IS 4 BP 244 EP 248 DI 10.1136/jme.2010.037176 PG 5 WC Ethics; Medical Ethics; Social Issues; Social Sciences, Biomedical SC Social Sciences - Other Topics; Medical Ethics; Social Issues; Biomedical Social Sciences GA 736KE UT WOS:000288492800011 PM 21186207 ER PT J AU Bardenheier, B Wortley, P Ahmed, F Gravenstein, S Hogue, CJR AF Bardenheier, Barbara Wortley, Pascale Ahmed, Faruque Gravenstein, Stefan Hogue, Carol J. Rowland TI Racial Inequities in Receipt of Influenza Vaccination Among Long-term Care Residents Within and Between Facilities in Michigan SO MEDICAL CARE LA English DT Article DE nursing home; influenza immunization; racial inequity ID NURSING-HOME RESIDENTS; IMMUNIZATION COVERAGE; QUALITY; HOSPITALIZATION; DISPARITIES AB Background: Although influenza vaccination is recommended for all nursing home residents and is covered by Medicare, racial inequities remain. Objectives: To determine the extent of racial difference in influenza vaccination among nursing home residents within and between nursing facilities by facility resident racial composition in a state with a large White-Black difference in vaccination. Research Design: Data from the Centers for Medicaid & Medicare Services' (CMS) Minimum Data Set (MDS) for assessments from October 1, 2005 through March 31, 2006. Facility-level data for nonhospital-administered CMS-certified nursing facilities in Michigan were merged with MDS. Subjects: All nursing home residents (n = 90,120). Main Outcome Measure: Receipt, refusal, or unvaccinated due to contraindication or not being offered the influenza vaccine. Results: The unadjusted influenza vaccination coverage of residents was 60.6%, 63.5% for whites, and 43.0% for blacks, a difference of 20.5 percentage points. The adjusted median range of inequity (white-black) within homes stratified by proportion blacks in the facility (eg, 0%, 1% to 4.9%, 5% to 19.9%, 20% to 49.9%, and >= 50%) was 5.0% to 5.6% points. White residents refused the vaccine less than black residents in all groups of homes by proportion blacks in the home, ranging from 7.5% in the all white homes to 14.0% among blacks in homes with > 50% black residents. The adjusted median black deficit in not being offered the vaccine between nursing homes was large (up to 27.8% points between all white homes and homes with > 50% blacks). Conclusion: Michigan statewide vaccination inequity among nursing home residents results from blacks disproportionately living in nursing homes where vaccination coverage is lowest. The inequity between facilities can be attributed to facility-level difference in offering. C1 [Bardenheier, Barbara; Wortley, Pascale; Ahmed, Faruque] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunizat Serv Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Bardenheier, Barbara; Hogue, Carol J. Rowland] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Gravenstein, Stefan] Brown Univ, Alpert Med Sch, Dept Community Hlth, Providence, RI 02912 USA. RP Bardenheier, B (reprint author), 1600 Clifton Rd,NE MS E-52, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM bfb7@cdc.gov RI Hogue, Carol/H-5442-2012 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX Supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 17 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0025-7079 J9 MED CARE JI Med. Care PD APR PY 2011 VL 49 IS 4 BP 371 EP 377 DI 10.1097/MLR.0b013e3182054293 PG 7 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 735TF UT WOS:000288440000008 PM 21368681 ER PT J AU Patel, JR Vora, KP Tripathi, S Zeng, H Tumpey, TM Katz, JM Sambhara, S Gangappa, S AF Patel, Jenish R. Vora, Keyur P. Tripathi, Shashank Zeng, Hui Tumpey, Terrence M. Katz, Jacqueline M. Sambhara, Suryaprakash Gangappa, Shivaprakash TI Infection of Lung Epithelial Cells with Pandemic 2009 A(H1N1) Influenza Viruses Reveals Isolate-Specific Differences in Infectivity and Host Cellular Responses SO VIRAL IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID A H1N1 VIRUS; NF-KAPPA-B; NS1 PROTEIN; GENE-EXPRESSION; CYTOKINE RESPONSES; UNITED-STATES; H5N1 VIRUSES; RNA-BINDING; INTERFERON; INDUCTION AB To better understand the early virus-host interactions of the pandemic 2009 A(H1N1) viruses in humans, we examined early host responses following infection of human epithelial cell cultures with three 2009 A(H1N1) viruses (A/California/08/2009, A/Mexico/4108/2009, and A/Texas/15/2009), or a seasonal H1N1 vaccine strain (A/Solomon Islands/3/2006). We report here that infection with pandemic A/California/08/2009 and A/Mexico/4108/2009 viruses resulted in differences in virus infectivity compared to either pandemic A/Texas/15/2009 or the seasonal H1N1 vaccine strain. In addition, IFN-beta levels were decreased in cell cultures infected with either the A/California/08/2009 or the A/Mexico/4108/2009 virus. Furthermore, infection with A/California/08/2009 and A/Mexico/4108/2009 viruses resulted in lower expression of four key proinflammatory markers (IL-6, RANTES, IP-10, and MIP-1 beta) compared with infection with either A/Texas/15/2009 or A/Solomon Islands/3/2006. Taken together, our results demonstrate that 2009 A(H1N1) viruses isolated during the Spring wave induced varying degrees of early host antiviral and inflammatory responses in human respiratory epithelial cells, highlighting the strain-specific nature of these responses, which play a role in clinical disease. C1 [Patel, Jenish R.; Vora, Keyur P.; Tripathi, Shashank; Zeng, Hui; Tumpey, Terrence M.; Katz, Jacqueline M.; Sambhara, Suryaprakash; Gangappa, Shivaprakash] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunol & Pathogenesis Branch, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Gangappa, S (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunol & Pathogenesis Branch, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd,Bldg 15,Rm SSB611,MS G47, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM sgangappa@cdc.gov OI Patel, Jenish/0000-0001-5310-8160 NR 69 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 0882-8245 EI 1557-8976 J9 VIRAL IMMUNOL JI Viral Immunol. PD APR PY 2011 VL 24 IS 2 BP 89 EP 99 DI 10.1089/vim.2010.0122 PG 11 WC Immunology; Virology SC Immunology; Virology GA 742ZB UT WOS:000288983000004 PM 21449719 ER PT J AU Iossifova, YY Cox-Ganser, JM Park, JH White, SK Kreiss, K AF Iossifova, Yulia Y. Cox-Ganser, Jean M. Park, Ju-Hyeong White, Sandra K. Kreiss, Kathleen TI Lack of Respiratory Improvement Following Remediation of a Water-Damaged Office Building SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE dampness; asthma; hypersensitivity pneumonitis; healthy worker effect; building-related illness ID MOISTURE-DAMAGE; SYMPTOMS; EXPOSURE; WORKERS; HEALTH; MOLD; INTERVENTION; DAMPNESS; REPAIRS; ASTHMA AB Background Damp buildings are commonly remediated without removing employees or ongoing medical surveillance. Methods We examined paired pulmonary function and questionnaire data from 2002 and 2005 for 97 employees in a water-damaged building during ongoing but incomplete remediation. Results We observed no overall improvement in respiratory health, as reflected in symptom scores, overall medication use, spirometry abnormalities, or sick leave. Four employees went from borderline bronchial hyperresponsiveness to bronchial hyperresponsiveness; six developed abnormal spirometry; three more reported post-occupancy current asthma, and four hypersensitivity pneumonitis. The number of participants without lower respiratory symptoms decreased from 27 in 2002 to 20 in 2005. Respiratory cases relocated in the building had a decrease in medication use and sick leave in 2005. Conclusions During dampness remediation, relocation may be health protective and prevent incident building-related respiratory cases. Without relocation of entire workforces, medical surveillance is advisable for secondary prevention of existing building-related disease. Am. J. Ind. Med. 54:269-277, 2011. (C) 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 [Iossifova, Yulia Y.; Cox-Ganser, Jean M.; Park, Ju-Hyeong; White, Sandra K.; Kreiss, Kathleen] NIOSH, Div Resp Dis Studies, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Iossifova, Yulia Y.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Off Workforce & Career Dev, Atlanta, GA USA. RP White, SK (reprint author), NIOSH, Div Resp Dis Studies, 1095 Willowdale Rd,H-2800, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM sqg8@cdc.gov NR 21 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 9 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0271-3586 J9 AM J IND MED JI Am. J. Ind. Med. PD APR PY 2011 VL 54 IS 4 BP 269 EP 277 DI 10.1002/ajim.20910 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 737HM UT WOS:000288559800003 PM 21413053 ER PT J AU Chaturvedi, V Ramani, R Andes, D Diekema, DJ Pfaller, MA Ghannoum, MA Knapp, C Lockhart, SR Ostrosky-Zeichner, L Walsh, TJ Marchillo, K Messer, S Welshenbaugh, AR Bastulli, C Iqbal, N Paetznick, VL Rodriguez, J Sein, T AF Chaturvedi, Vishnu Ramani, Rama Andes, David Diekema, Daniel J. Pfaller, Michael A. Ghannoum, Mahmoud A. Knapp, Cindy Lockhart, Shawn R. Ostrosky-Zeichner, Luis Walsh, Thomas J. Marchillo, Karen Messer, Shawn Welshenbaugh, Amanda R. Bastulli, Cara Iqbal, Noreen Paetznick, Victor L. Rodriguez, Jose Sein, Tin TI Multilaboratory Testing of Two-Drug Combinations of Antifungals against Candida albicans, Candida glabrata, and Candida parapsilosis SO ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY LA English DT Article ID INVASIVE FUNGAL-INFECTIONS; ACUTE MYELOID-LEUKEMIA; IN-VITRO ACTIVITIES; AMPHOTERICIN-B; TIME-KILL; SYNERGISTIC ACTIVITIES; FILAMENTOUS FUNGI; CLINICAL-TRIAL; THERAPY; SUSCEPTIBILITY AB There are few multilaboratory studies of antifungal combination testing to suggest a format for use in clinical laboratories. In the present study, eight laboratories tested quality control (QC) strain Candida parapsilosis ATCC 22019 and clinical isolates Candida albicans 20533.043, C. albicans 20464.007, Candida glabrata 20205.075, and C. parapsilosis 20580.070. The clinical isolates had relatively high azole and echinocandin MICs. A modified CLSI M27-A3 protocol was used, with 96-well custom-made plates containing checkerboard pairwise combinations of amphotericin B (AMB), anidulafungin (AND), caspofungin (CSP), micafungin (MCF), posaconazole (PSC), and voriconazole (VRC). The endpoints were scored visually and on a spectrophotometer or enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) reader for 50% growth reduction (50% inhibitory concentration [IC(50)]). Combination IC(50)s were used to calculate summation fractional inhibitory concentration indices (FICIs) (Sigma FIC) based on the Lowe additivity formula. The results revealed that the IC(50)s of all drug combinations were lower or equal to the IC(50) of individual drugs in the combination. A majority of the Sigma FIC values were indifferent (Sigma FIC = 0.51 to 2.0), but no antagonism was observed (Sigma FIC >= 4). Synergistic combinations (Sigma FIC <= 0.5) were found for AMB-PSC against C. glabrata and for AMB-AND and AMB-CSP against C. parapsilosis by both visual and spectrophotometric readings. Additional synergistic interactions were revealed by either of the two endpoints for AMB-AND, AMB-CSP, AMB-MCF, AMB-PSC, AMB-VRC, AND-PSC, CSP-MCF, and CSP-PSC. The percent agreements among participating laboratories ranged from 37.5% (lowest) for AND-CSP and POS-VOR to 87.5% (highest) for AMB-MCF and AND-CSP. Median Sigma FIC values showed a wide dispersion, and interlaboratory agreements were less than 85% in most instances. Additional studies are needed to improve the interlaboratory reproducibility of antifungal combination testing. C1 [Chaturvedi, Vishnu; Ramani, Rama] Wadsworth Ctr, New York State Dept Hlth, Mycol Lab, Albany, NY 12208 USA. [Andes, David; Marchillo, Karen] Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI USA. [Diekema, Daniel J.; Pfaller, Michael A.] Univ Iowa, Iowa City, IA USA. [Ghannoum, Mahmoud A.; Messer, Shawn; Welshenbaugh, Amanda R.] Case Western Reserve Univ, Ctr Med Mycol, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. [Knapp, Cindy; Bastulli, Cara] Trek Diagnost Syst, Cleveland, OH USA. [Lockhart, Shawn R.; Iqbal, Noreen] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Ostrosky-Zeichner, Luis; Paetznick, Victor L.; Rodriguez, Jose] Univ Texas Houston, Sch Med, Houston, TX USA. [Walsh, Thomas J.; Sein, Tin] NCI, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Chaturvedi, V (reprint author), Wadsworth Ctr, New York State Dept Hlth, Mycol Lab, 120 New Scotland Ave, Albany, NY 12208 USA. EM vishnu@wadsworth.org RI Rodriguez Herrera, Juan Jose/I-3210-2015; OI Diekema, Daniel/0000-0003-1273-0724 FU Wadsworth Center Clinical Laboratory Reference System; Astellas USA; Merck Co.; Pfizer Inc.; Schering-Plough Research Institute FX We thank Adriana Verschoor for valuable editorial comments. This study was supported in parts with funds from the Wadsworth Center Clinical Laboratory Reference System (V.C.). Additional support came in the form of investigative grants from Astellas USA, Merck & Co., Pfizer Inc., and Schering-Plough Research Institute (V.C.). Trek Diagnostic Systems partially subsidized the cost of 96-well custom plates. NR 50 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0066-4804 J9 ANTIMICROB AGENTS CH JI Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. PD APR PY 2011 VL 55 IS 4 BP 1543 EP 1548 DI 10.1128/AAC.01510-09 PG 6 WC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 737US UT WOS:000288594600027 PM 21282457 ER PT J AU Grosse, SD Van Vliet, G AF Grosse, Scott D. Van Vliet, Guy TI Prevention of intellectual disability through screening for congenital hypothyroidism: how much and at what level? SO ARCHIVES OF DISEASE IN CHILDHOOD LA English DT Article ID COST-BENEFIT-ANALYSIS; ECONOMIC-EVALUATION; CHILDREN; NEWBORN; THRESHOLD; DIAGNOSIS; PHENYLKETONURIA; PSYCHOMOTOR; NETHERLANDS; MANAGEMENT AB Objective Congenital hypothyroidism (CHT) is a common cause of preventable mental retardation, and the quantification of intellectual disability due to CHT is needed to assess the public health benefit of newborn screening. Design Review of published studies conducted among children born prior to the introduction of newborn screening for CHT and reporting cognitive test scores. Setting Population-based studies. Patients Children with clinically diagnosed CHT. Interventions Thyroid hormone substitution. Main outcome measures Intelligence quotient (IQ) (mean and distribution). Results The prevalence of recognised CHT rose from one in 6500 prior to screening to approximately one in 3000 with screening. In four population-based studies in high-income countries, among children with clinically diagnosed CHT 8-28% were classified as having intellectual disability (defined as an IQ < 70) and the mean IQ was 85 (a leftward shift of 1 SD). Among children with subclinical CHT, the risk of overt intellectual disability was lower (zero in one study), but decreased intellectual potential and increased behavioural abnormalities were documented. Conclusions Although the prevalence of overt disability among children with CHT in the absence of screening may be less than previously estimated, the preventable burden of intellectual disability due to CHT is substantial and justifies newborn screening. However, changes in existing newborn screening protocols to capture more cases are unlikely to prevent overt cases of disability and should therefore be justified instead by the documentation of other benefits of early detection. C1 [Grosse, Scott D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Blood Disorders, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Van Vliet, Guy] Univ Montreal, Dept Pediat, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada. [Van Vliet, Guy] St Justine Hosp, Serv Endocrinol, Montreal, PQ, Canada. [Van Vliet, Guy] St Justine Hosp, Res Ctr, Montreal, PQ, Canada. [Van Vliet, Guy] Univ Montreal, Notre Dame Hosp, Res Ctr, Montreal, PQ H2L 4M1, Canada. [Van Vliet, Guy] Serv Endocrinol, Montreal, PQ, Canada. RP Grosse, SD (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Blood Disorders, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E64, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM sgrosse@cdc.gov NR 52 TC 43 Z9 49 U1 0 U2 3 PU B M J PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 0003-9888 J9 ARCH DIS CHILD JI Arch. Dis. Child. PD APR PY 2011 VL 96 IS 4 BP 374 EP U133 DI 10.1136/adc.2010.190280 PG 6 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 734EE UT WOS:000288315700015 PM 21242230 ER PT J AU Friese, CR Earle, CC Magazu, LS Brown, JR Neville, BA Hevelone, ND Richardson, LC Abel, GA AF Friese, Christopher R. Earle, Craig C. Magazu, Lysa S. Brown, Jennifer R. Neville, Bridget A. Hevelone, Nathanael D. Richardson, Lisa C. Abel, Gregory A. TI Timeliness and Quality of Diagnostic Care for Medicare Recipients With Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia SO CANCER LA English DT Article DE chronic lymphocytic leukemia; diagnosis; outcomes; flow cytometry; SEER-Medicare ID FAMILY PHYSICIANS KNOWLEDGE; ACUTE MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; BREAST-CANCER; DELAY; MANAGEMENT; SURVIVAL; OLDER; TIME; SEX AB BACKGROUND: Little is known about the patterns of care relating to the diagnosis of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), including the use of modern diagnostic techniques such as flow cytometry. METHODS: The authors used the SEER-Medicare database to identify subjects diagnosed with CLL from 1992 to 2002 and defined diagnostic delay as present when the number of days between the first claim for a CLL-associated sign or symptom and SEER diagnosis date met or exceeded the median for the sample. The authors then used logistic regression to estimate the likelihood of delay and Cox regression to examine survival. RESULTS: For the 5086 patients analyzed, the median time between sign or symptom and CLL diagnosis was 63 days (interquartile range [IQR] = 0-251). Predictors of delay included age >= 75 (OR 1.45 [1.27-1.65]), female gender (OR 1.22 [1.07-1.39]), urban residence (OR 1.46 [1.19 to 1.79]), >= 1 comorbidities (OR 2.83 [2.45-3.28]) and care in a teaching hospital (OR 1.20 [1.05-1.38]). Delayed diagnosis was not associated with survival (HR 1.11 [0.99-1.25]), but receipt of flow cytometry within thirty days before or after diagnosis was (HR 0.84 [0.76-0.91]). CONCLUSIONS: Sociodemographic characteristics affect diagnostic delay for CLL, although delay does not seem to impact mortality. In contrast, receipt of flow cytometry near the time of diagnosis is associated with improved survival. Cancer 2011; 117: 1470-7. (C) 2010 American Cancer Society. C1 [Abel, Gregory A.] Dana Farber Canc Inst, Ctr Outcomes & Policy Res, Dept Med Oncol, Div Hematol Malignancies, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Hevelone, Nathanael D.] Brigham & Womens Hosp, Dept Surg, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Richardson, Lisa C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA USA. [Friese, Christopher R.] Univ Michigan, Sch Nursing, Div Nursing Business & Hlth Syst, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Earle, Craig C.] Univ Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Earle, Craig C.] Inst Clin Evaluat Sci, Toronto, ON, Canada. [Magazu, Lysa S.] Childrens Hosp, Div Hematol Oncol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. RP Abel, GA (reprint author), Dana Farber Canc Inst, Ctr Outcomes & Policy Res, Dept Med Oncol, Div Hematol Malignancies, 44 Binney St,Smith 271, Boston, MA 02115 USA. EM gregory_abel@dfci.harvard.edu RI Friese, Christopher/D-2097-2013; OI Friese, Christopher/0000-0002-2281-2056; Hevelone, Nathanael/0000-0003-4740-2085 FU National Cancer Institute [R25 CA 057711-12]; Division of Cancer Prevention and Control of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in Atlanta GA [200-2002-00, 575]; National Institute of Health [R00 NR01570] FX This project was supported by grants from the National Cancer Institute (R25 CA 057711-12, Glorian Sorensen), and the Division of Cancer Prevention and Control of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in Atlanta GA (Grant #200-2002-00,575, Task Order 21, Gregory A. Abel, principal investigator). In addition, Dr. Friese was supported by a grant from the National Institute of Health (R00 NR01570). The findings and conclusions in this report do not necessarily represent the CDC's views. NR 32 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 5 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0008-543X J9 CANCER-AM CANCER SOC JI Cancer PD APR 1 PY 2011 VL 117 IS 7 BP 1470 EP 1477 DI 10.1002/cncr.25655 PG 8 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 737IE UT WOS:000288561700018 PM 21425148 ER PT J AU Chowdhary, A Randhawa, HS Kowshik, T Kathuria, S Roy, P Brandt, ME AF Chowdhary, Anuradha Randhawa, Harbans S. Kowshik, Tusharantak Kathuria, Shallu Roy, Pradip Brandt, Mary E. TI Application of hypertonic Sabouraud glucose agar for differentiation of Candida dubliniensis from Candida albicans SO DIAGNOSTIC MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASE LA English DT Article DE Hypertonic Sabouraud glucose agar with 6.5% NaCl; Candida dubliniensis; Candida albicans ID STAIB AGAR; IDENTIFICATION AB An evaluation of hypertonic Sabouraud glucose agar (SGA) with 6.5% NaCl for phenotypic differentiation of Candida dubliniensis from Candida albicans is reported. Identity of the test fungi (C. albicans, 84; C. dubliniensis, 18) was based on their typical phenotypic characteristics and confirmed by a diagnostic polymerase chain reaction that targets the novel C. dubliniensis group I intron in the large ribosomal subunit. At 96 h of incubation at 28 degrees C, all of the 84 C. albicans isolates showed growth on hypertonic SGA contrary to the consistently negative results with the 20 C. dubliniensis isolates. In strong contrast, chlamydospore formation on Staib agar yielded 10 (11.9%) false-positive results and 74 (88%) of the test C. albicans isolates showed false-negative results at 45 degrees C. We conclude that hypertonic SGA with 6.5% NaCl can be recommended for wider application as a reliable and inexpensive medium for routine differentiation of C. dubliniensis from C. albicans. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Chowdhary, Anuradha; Randhawa, Harbans S.; Kowshik, Tusharantak; Kathuria, Shallu; Roy, Pradip] Univ Delhi, Vallabhbhai Patel Chest Inst, Dept Med Mycol, Delhi 110007, India. [Brandt, Mary E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mycot Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Chowdhary, A (reprint author), Univ Delhi, Vallabhbhai Patel Chest Inst, Dept Med Mycol, Delhi 110007, India. EM dranuradha@hotmail.com OI Chowdhary, Anuradha/0000-0002-2028-7462 FU Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi; Indian National Science Academy, New Delhi FX The authors thank Prof Frank C. Odds, Aberdeen Fungal Group, Institute of Medical Sciences, Aberdeen, UK, for supply of cultures and critical review of the manuscript. The work was carried out with financial assistance from the Indian Council of Medical Research, New Delhi. H.S.R. acknowledges the award of an Honorary Scientist position to the Indian National Science Academy, New Delhi. NR 17 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0732-8893 J9 DIAGN MICR INFEC DIS JI Diagn. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. PD APR PY 2011 VL 69 IS 4 BP 440 EP 442 DI 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2010.10.012 PG 3 WC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 740UK UT WOS:000288819700014 PM 21396542 ER PT J AU Karpala, AJ Bingham, J Schat, KA Chen, LM Donis, RO Lowenthal, JW Bean, AGD AF Karpala, Adam J. Bingham, John Schat, Karel A. Chen, Li-Mei Donis, Ruben O. Lowenthal, John W. Bean, Andrew G. D. TI Highly Pathogenic (H5N1) Avian Influenza Induces an Inflammatory T Helper Type 1 Cytokine Response in the Chicken SO JOURNAL OF INTERFERON AND CYTOKINE RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID A VIRUS-INFECTION; BRONCHIAL EPITHELIAL-CELLS; ADAPTIVE IMMUNE-RESPONSES; GENE-EXPRESSION; IFN-GAMMA; INTERFERON; INNATE; MICE; DIFFERENTIATION; INTERLEUKIN-6 AB To better understand the immune response to highly pathogenic avian influenza virus, we compared expression of cytokines in chickens infected with avian influenza virus (A/Vietnam/1203/04) to that in uninfected chickens. Gene expression analyses revealed that influenza disseminated to multiple organs where immune responses could be identified. Among those cytokines influenced by influenza infection were the T helper type (Th)1-associated cytokines interleukin (IL)12 and interferon gamma. In addition, a corresponding downregulation of the intracytoplasmic factor GATA3 was identified, whereas the Th2 cytokines IL4 and IL10 did not appear to be impacted by the infection. The inflammatory cytokine IL6 also appeared to be highly upregulated along with type 1 and type 3 interferon. Together, these data indicate that a strong inflammatory and Th1 response occurs after highly pathogenic avian influenza infection in the chicken that has implications for strategies that target the immune system for improving resistance to avian influenza. C1 [Karpala, Adam J.; Bingham, John; Lowenthal, John W.; Bean, Andrew G. D.] CSIRO, Australian Anim Hlth Lab, Geelong, Vic 3220, Australia. [Karpala, Adam J.] Australian Poultry Ind, Cooperat Res Ctr, Armidale, NSW, Australia. [Schat, Karel A.] Cornell Univ, Coll Vet Med, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Chen, Li-Mei; Donis, Ruben O.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Karpala, AJ (reprint author), CSIRO, Australian Anim Hlth Lab, Private Bag 24, Geelong, Vic 3220, Australia. EM adam.karpala@csiro.au RI Bean, Andy/D-1198-2011; karpala, adam/H-9294-2013; lowenthal, john/G-4459-2010; Bingham, John/H-8591-2013 OI lowenthal, john/0000-0002-0548-2497; FU Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture [2008-35204-1928] FX We thank the National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Hanoi, Ministry of Health, Vietnam, for providing samples. The views expressed are those of the authors and do not reflect the policies of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia. This material is based upon work supported in part by the Cooperative State Research, Education, and Extension Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, under Award No. 2008-35204-1928 to K.A.S. NR 50 TC 29 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 9 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1079-9907 J9 J INTERF CYTOK RES JI J. Interferon Cytokine Res. PD APR PY 2011 VL 31 IS 4 BP 393 EP 400 DI 10.1089/jir.2010.0069 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Immunology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Immunology GA 741FA UT WOS:000288847400006 PM 21194349 ER PT J AU Steiner, AZ Herring, AH Kesner, JS Meadows, JW Stanczyk, FZ Hoberman, S Baird, DD AF Steiner, Anne Z. Herring, Amy H. Kesner, James S. Meadows, Juliana W. Stanczyk, Frank Z. Hoberman, Steven Baird, Donna D. TI Antimullerian Hormone as a Predictor of Natural Fecundability in Women Aged 30-42 Years SO OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Article ID FOLLICLE-STIMULATING-HORMONE; ANTI-MULLERIAN HORMONE; OVARIAN RESERVE TESTS; LUTEINIZING-HORMONE; MENSTRUAL-CYCLE; PROVEN FERTILITY; INHIBIN-B; SERUM; POPULATION; PREGNANCY AB OBJECTIVE: To generate estimates of the association between markers of ovarian aging and natural fertility in a community sample at risk for ovarian aging. METHODS: Women aged 30-44 years with no history of infertility who had been trying to conceive for less than 3 months provided early-follicular phase serum and urine (N=100). Subsequently, these women kept a diary to record menstrual bleeding and intercourse and conducted standardized pregnancy testing for up to 6 months. Serum was analyzed for estradiol, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), antimullerian hormone, and inhibin B. Urine was analyzed for FSH and estrone 3-glucuronide. Diary data on menstrual cycle day and patterns of intercourse were used to calculate day-specific fecundability ratios. RESULTS: Sixty-three percent of participants conceived within 6 months. After adjusting for age, 18 women (18%) with serum antimullerian hormone levels of 0.7 ng/mL or less had significantly reduced fecundability given intercourse on a fertile day compared with women with higher antimullerian hormone levels (fecundability ratio 0.38; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.08-0.91). The day-specific fecundability for women with early-follicular phase serum FSH values greater than 10 milli-international units/mL compared with women with lower FSH levels was also reduced, although nonsignificantly (11% of women affected; fecundability ratio 0.44; 95% CI 0.08-1.10). The association with urinary FSH was weaker (27% women affected; fecundability ratio 0.61; 95% CI 0.26-1.26), and the associations for the other markers were weaker still. CONCLUSION: Early-follicular phase antimullerian hormone appears to be associated with natural fertility in the general population. (Obstet Gynecol 2011;117:798-804) DOI: 10.1097/AOG.0b013e3182116bc8 C1 [Steiner, Anne Z.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. Univ N Carolina, Dept Biostat, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. NIOSH, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. Univ So Calif, Dept Obstet & Gynecol & Prevent Med, Los Angeles, CA USA. NIEHS, Epidemiol Branch, NIH, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Steiner, AZ (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, CB 7570,4001 Old Clin Bldg, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. EM asteiner@med.unc.edu RI Baird, Donna/D-5214-2017 OI Baird, Donna/0000-0002-5544-2653 FU National Institutes of Health (NIH) (University of North Carolina Women's Reproductive Health Research Center) [R21 HD060229, 5 K12 HD050113]; NIH, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences FX Supported by National Institutes of Health (NIH) R21 HD060229 and 5 K12 HD050113 (University of North Carolina Women's Reproductive Health Research Center). Also supported in part by the Intramural Research Program of the NIH, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (ie, support for coauthor D.B.). NR 32 TC 58 Z9 61 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0029-7844 J9 OBSTET GYNECOL JI Obstet. Gynecol. PD APR PY 2011 VL 117 IS 4 BP 798 EP 804 DI 10.1097/AOG.0b013e3182116bc8 PG 7 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 738NW UT WOS:000288647500006 PM 21422850 ER PT J AU Vesco, KK Sharma, AJ Dietz, PM Rizzo, JH Callaghan, WM England, L Bruce, FC Bachman, DJ Stevens, VJ Hornbrook, MC AF Vesco, Kimberly K. Sharma, Andrea J. Dietz, Patricia M. Rizzo, Joanne H. Callaghan, William M. England, Lucinda Bruce, F. Carol Bachman, Donald J. Stevens, Victor J. Hornbrook, Mark C. TI Newborn Size Among Obese Women With Weight Gain Outside the 2009 Institute of Medicine Recommendation SO OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Article ID BODY-MASS INDEX; BIRTH-WEIGHT; PREPREGNANCY OBESITY; PREGNANCY OUTCOMES; ASSOCIATIONS; GROWTH; PREVALENCE; TRENDS; STATES AB OBJECTIVE: To estimate risk of delivering macrosomic, large-for-gestational-age and small-for-gestational-age neonates in obese women with gestational weight gain outside the 2009 Institute of Medicine recommendation (11-20 pounds). METHODS: In a retrospective cohort study, we evaluated 2,080 obese women (body mass index 30 or higher) with singleton pregnancies that resulted in term live births within one health maintenance organization between 2000 and 2005; women with diabetes or hypertensive disorders were excluded. Gestational weight gain was categorized as less than 0, 0 to less than 11, 11-20 (referent), greater than 20-30, greater than 30-40, and greater than 40 pounds and as above, below, or within Institute of Medicine recommendations. We conducted multivariable logistic regression to estimate the odds of large for gestational age and small for gestational age (birth weights greater than the 90th percentile and less than the 10th percentile for gestational age, respectively) and macrosomia (greater than 4,500 g) adjusting for potential confounders. RESULTS: Eighteen percent gained below, 25% within, and 57% above Institute of Medicine recommendations. Prevalence of macrosomia, large for gestational age, and small for gestational age were 4.3%, 19.8%, and 4.3%, respectively. Compared with weight gain of 11-20 pounds, weight gain above recommendations did not significantly decrease small-for-gestational-age risk but was associated with increased odds of macrosomia (adjusted odds ratio [OR] 3.36; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.74-6.51; 6.0% compared with 2.1%) and large for gestational age (adjusted OR 1.80; 95% CI 1.36-2.38; 23.8% compared with 16.6%). Weight gain below recommendations was associated with increased odds of small for gestational age (adjusted OR 3.94; 95% CI 2.04-7.61; 8.8% compared with 2.7%) and decreased odds of large for gestational age (adjusted OR 0.56; 95% CI 0.37-0.84; 11.2% compared with 16.6%). CONCLUSION: Regarding small for gestational age and large for gestational age, there is no benefit of weight gain above Institute of Medicine recommendations. Weight gain below recommendations decreases large for gestational age but increases small-for-gestational-age risk. (Obstet Gynecol 2011;117:812-8) DOI: 10.1097/AOG.0b013e3182113ae4 C1 [Vesco, Kimberly K.] Kaiser Permanente NW, Ctr Hlth Res, Portland, OR 97227 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Vesco, KK (reprint author), Kaiser Permanente NW, Ctr Hlth Res, 3800 N Interstate Ave, Portland, OR 97227 USA. EM kimberly.k.vesco@kpchr.org OI Sharma, Andrea/0000-0003-0385-0011 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC 200-2009-31663] FX Funded by Contract CDC 200-2009-31663, "Extent of Maternal Morbidity in a Managed Care Setting" from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 29 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 2 U2 5 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0029-7844 J9 OBSTET GYNECOL JI Obstet. Gynecol. PD APR PY 2011 VL 117 IS 4 BP 812 EP 818 DI 10.1097/AOG.0b013e3182113ae4 PG 7 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 738NW UT WOS:000288647500008 PM 21422851 ER PT J AU Creanga, AA Shapiro-Mendoza, CK Bish, CL Zane, S Berg, CJ Callaghan, WM AF Creanga, Andreea A. Shapiro-Mendoza, Carrie K. Bish, Connie L. Zane, Suzanne Berg, Cynthia J. Callaghan, William M. TI Trends in Ectopic Pregnancy Mortality in the United States 1980-2007 SO OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Article ID WOMEN; RISK AB OBJECTIVE: To estimate trends in ectopic pregnancy mortality and examine characteristics of recently hospitalized women who died as a result of ectopic pregnancy in the United States. METHODS: We used 1980-2007 national birth and death certificate data to calculate ectopic pregnancy mortality ratios (deaths per 100,000 live births) overall and stratified by maternal age and race. We performed nonparametric tests for trend to assess changes in ectopic pregnancy mortality over time and calculated projected mortality ratios for 2013-2017. Ectopic pregnancy deaths among hospitalized women were identified from 19982007 Nationwide Inpatient Sample data. RESULTS: Between 1980 and 2007, 876 deaths were attributed to ectopic pregnancy. The ectopic pregnancy mortality ratio declined by 56.6%, from 1.15 to 0.50 deaths per 100,000 live births between 1980-1984 and 2003-2007; at the current average annual rate of decline, this ratio will further decrease by 28.5% to 0.36 ectopic pregnancy deaths per 100,000 live births by 2013-2017. The ectopic pregnancy mortality ratio was 6.8 times higher for African Americans than whites and 3.5 times higher for women older than 35 years than those younger than 25 years during 2003-2007. Of the 76 deaths among women hospitalized between 1998 and 2007, 70.5% were tubal pregnancies; salpingectomy was performed in 80.6% of cases. Excessive hemorrhage, shock, or renal failure accompanied 67.4% of ectopic pregnancy deaths among hospitalized women. CONCLUSION: Despite a significant decline in ectopic pregnancy mortality since the 1980s, age disparities, and especially racial disparities, persist. Strategies to ensure timely diagnosis and management of ectopic pregnancies can further reduce related mortality and age and race mortality gaps. (Obstet Gynecol 2011;117:837-43) DOI: 10.1097/AOG.0b013e3182113c10 C1 [Creanga, Andreea A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Off Workforce & Career Dev, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Creanga, AA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Highway NE,Mail Stop K-23, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM acreanga@cdc.gov NR 33 TC 52 Z9 56 U1 1 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0029-7844 J9 OBSTET GYNECOL JI Obstet. Gynecol. PD APR PY 2011 VL 117 IS 4 BP 837 EP 843 DI 10.1097/AOG.0b013e3182113c10 PG 7 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 738NW UT WOS:000288647500011 PM 21422853 ER PT J AU Hodge, PJ Kelers, K Gasser, RB Visvesvara, GS Martig, S Long, SN AF Hodge, Priscilla J. Kelers, Kylie Gasser, Robin B. Visvesvara, Govinda S. Martig, Sandra Long, Sam N. TI Another case of canine amoebic meningoencephalitis-the challenges of reaching a rapid diagnosis SO PARASITOLOGY RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID FREE-LIVING AMEBAS; BALAMUTHIA-MANDRILLARIS; SERUM ANTIBODIES; LEPTOMYXID-AMEBA; ENCEPHALITIS; INFECTION; AGENT; IMMUNOCOMPETENT; ANIMALS; DISEASE AB A case of granulomatous amoebic meningoencephalitis in a previously healthy, mature, apparently immunocompetent dog, with a history of exposure to stagnant water, is reported. The case presented with ataxia and a tendency to fall to the left side. A computed tomography (CT) showed a ring-enhancing lesion within the cerebellum; an examination of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) revealed nonspecific mixed-cell pleocytosis. Despite antibiotic and anti-inflammatory therapy, clinical signs progressed rapidly to decerebellate rigidity over 4 days, and the dog was euthanased. Significant post-mortem findings were restricted to the brain, with a localised lytic lesion in the deep cerebellar white matter. Histopathological examination of the brain showed focally extensive cavitation of the white matter and communication of the lesion with the fourth ventricle. The affected area contained structures consistent with amoebae and was infiltrated by neutrophils mixed with lower numbers of macrophages, plasma cells and lymphocytes. The amoebae were identified as Balamuthia mandrillaris, based on specific immunofluorescence detection. Amoebic meningeoencephalitis should be considered in dogs with evidence of focal cavitary lesions in the brain, particularly in cases with a history of swimming in stagnant water. C1 [Hodge, Priscilla J.; Kelers, Kylie; Gasser, Robin B.; Martig, Sandra; Long, Sam N.] Univ Melbourne, Dept Vet Sci, Werribee, Vic 3030, Australia. [Visvesvara, Govinda S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Hodge, PJ (reprint author), Univ Melbourne, Dept Vet Sci, Werribee, Vic 3030, Australia. EM phodge@unimelb.edu.au OI KELERS, KYLIE/0000-0002-0029-1851 NR 27 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0932-0113 J9 PARASITOL RES JI Parasitol. Res. PD APR PY 2011 VL 108 IS 4 BP 1069 EP 1073 DI 10.1007/s00436-010-2197-z PG 5 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA 735YP UT WOS:000288457000040 PM 21161275 ER PT J AU Fonseca-Gonzalez, I Quinones, ML Lenhart, A Brogdon, WG AF Fonseca-Gonzalez, Idalyd Quinones, Martha L. Lenhart, Audrey Brogdon, William G. TI Insecticide resistance status of Aedes aegypti (L.) from Colombia SO PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Aedes aegypti; dengue control; insecticide resistance; metabolic resistance; Colombia ID SODIUM-CHANNEL GENE; GUATEMALAN ANOPHELES-ALBIMANUS; STEGOMYIA ALBOPICTUS DIPTERA; MOSQUITO PROTEIN MICROASSAY; GLUTATHIONE-S-TRANSFERASE; IN-FIELD POPULATIONS; CROSS-RESISTANCE; KNOCKDOWN RESISTANCE; DETOXIFICATION GENES; DELTAMETHRIN RESISTANCE AB BACKGROUND: To evaluate the insecticide susceptibility status of Aedes aegypti (L.) in Colombia, and as part of the National Network of Insecticide Resistance Surveillance, 12 mosquito populations were assessed for resistance to pyrethroids, organophosphates and DDT. Bioassays were performed using WHO and CDC methodologies. The underlying resistance mechanisms were investigated through biochemical assays and RT-PCR. RESULTS: All mosquito populations were susceptible to malathion, deltamethrin and cyfluthrin, and highly resistant to DDT and etofenprox. Resistance to lambda-cyhalothrin, permethrin and fenitrothion ranged from moderate to high in some populations from Choco and Putumayo states. In Antioquia state, the Santa Fe population was resistant to fenitrothion. Biochemical assays showed high levels of both cytochrome P450 monooxygenases (CYP) and non-specific esterases (NSE) in some of the fenitrothion-and pyrethroid-resistant populations. All populations showed high levels of glutathione-S-transferase (GST) activity. GSTe2 gene was found overexpressed in DDT-resistant populations compared with Rockefeller susceptible strain. CONCLUSIONS: Differences in insecticide resistance status were observed between insecticides and localities. Although the biochemical assay results suggest that CYP and NSE could play an important role in the pyrethroid and fenitrothion resistance detected, other mechanisms remain to be investigated, including knockdown resistance. Resistance to DDT was high in all populations, and GST activity is probably the main enzymatic mechanism associated with this resistance. The results of this study provide baseline data on insecticide resistance in Colombian A. aegypti populations, and will allow comparison of changes in susceptibility status in this vector over time. (C) 2011 Society of Chemical Industry C1 [Fonseca-Gonzalez, Idalyd] Univ Antioquia, Grp Biol & Control Enfermedades Infecciosas, Sede Invest Univ SIU, Inst Biol, Medellin, Colombia. [Quinones, Martha L.] Univ Nacl Colombia, Fac Med, Dept Salud Publ, Bogota, Colombia. [Lenhart, Audrey; Brogdon, William G.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Entomol Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Lenhart, Audrey] Univ Liverpool Liverpool Sch Trop Med, Vector Grp, Liverpool, Merseyside, England. RP Fonseca-Gonzalez, I (reprint author), Univ Antioquia, Grp Biol & Control Enfermedades Infecciosas, Sede Invest Univ SIU, Inst Biol, Calle 62,52-59,Lab 620, Medellin, Colombia. EM idalyd.fonseca@siu.udea.edu.co FU COLCIENCIAS (Colombia) [22290416444]; COLCIENCIAS FX The authors especially thank the coordinators and staff of the Vector-Borne Diseases sections from the Departmental Health Secretaries for their help with mosquito collections. This work was funded by COLCIENCIAS (Colombia, Grant No. 22290416444). Idalyd Fonseca-Gonzalez obtained a PhD fellowship from COLCIENCIAS. NR 50 TC 24 Z9 26 U1 3 U2 19 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1526-498X J9 PEST MANAG SCI JI Pest Manag. Sci. PD APR PY 2011 VL 67 IS 4 BP 430 EP 437 DI 10.1002/ps.2081 PG 8 WC Agronomy; Entomology SC Agriculture; Entomology GA 736BF UT WOS:000288463800008 PM 21394876 ER PT J AU Mili, FD Hooper, WC Lally, C Austin, H AF Mili, Fatima D. Hooper, W. Craig Lally, Cathy Austin, Harland TI The impact of co-morbid conditions on family history of venous thromboembolism in Whites and Blacks SO THROMBOSIS RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Co-morbid condition; Epidemiology; Family history; Pulmonary embolism; Ethnicity; Deep vein thrombosis ID CARDIOVASCULAR RISK-FACTORS; DEEP-VEIN THROMBOSIS; PULMONARY-EMBOLISM; PROSPECTIVE-COHORT; DIABETES-MELLITUS; ATTRIBUTABLE RISK; LOGISTIC-MODELS; RECURRENCE; HEALTH; CANCER AB Introduction: Our objectives were to compare the magnitude of family history as a risk factor for venous thromboembolism (VTE) risk between Blacks and Whites, and to assess the impact of co-morbid conditions on familial risk for VTE. Materials and methods: We used data from the Genetic Attributes Thrombosis Epidemiology (GATE) study, a matched case-control study which enrolled Blacks and Whites aged 18-70 years in Atlanta, Georgia. A total of 1,094 case patients with a deep vein thrombosis (DVT) or pulmonary embolism (PE) and 1,264 control patients were interviewed about their family history. Results: Family history of VTE was a statistically significant risk factor for VTE among Blacks (odds ratio (OR) = 2.9, 95% confidence interval (CI) 2.0-4.1; P value < 0.0001) and among Whites (OR = 2.7, 95% CI 1.9-3.7; P value < 0.0001); among Blacks and Whites who were obese or had hypertension; among Blacks who had diabetes mellitus or cancer; as well as among males and females, and across all age categories. Family history of VTE increased the risk of VTE among Blacks with cancer by about 6-fold, whereas among Blacks without cancer the increased risk due to a positive family history was about 3-fold; a 2-fold relative difference. In addition, family history was a risk factor for VTE among case patients with DVT only or with PE only. The effect of family history generally was stronger among those with recurrent episodes of VTE compared with a first episode of VTE. For example, family history of any VTE was a strong risk factor among Black females with recurrent VTE compared with Black females with first VTE (OR = 3.9, 95% CI 2.0-7.5; P value < 0.0001). Conclusion: Our study indicated that the adjusted attributable fraction for VTE was 16.9% among Blacks vs. 18.3% among Whites, and certain co-morbid conditions could further increase the risk of VTE associated with a positive family history of VTE. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Mili, Fatima D.; Hooper, W. Craig] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Clin & Mol Hemostasis Lab Branch, Div Blood Disorders, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Lally, Cathy; Austin, Harland] Emory Clin, Dept Epidemiol, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Mili, FD (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Clin & Mol Hemostasis Lab Branch, Div Blood Disorders, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mail Stop D-02, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM fmili@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention through the Associations of Schools of Public Health/CDC Cooperative Agreement mechanism FX This study was supported by a grant from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention through the Associations of Schools of Public Health/CDC Cooperative Agreement mechanism. NR 55 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0049-3848 J9 THROMB RES JI Thromb. Res. PD APR PY 2011 VL 127 IS 4 BP 309 EP 316 DI 10.1016/j.thromres.2010.12.012 PG 8 WC Hematology; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Hematology; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 738NH UT WOS:000288646000006 PM 21277621 ER PT J AU Vindigni, SM Riley, PL Jhung, M AF Vindigni, Stephen M. Riley, Patricia L. Jhung, Michael TI Systematic review: handwashing behaviour in low- to middle-income countries: outcome measures and behaviour maintenance SO TROPICAL MEDICINE & INTERNATIONAL HEALTH LA English DT Review DE handwashing; behaviour; developing countries; programme sustainability; outcome measures ID DIFFERENT COMMUNICATION CHANNELS; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; INTENSIVE-CARE-UNIT; HYGIENE BEHAVIOR; HAND HYGIENE; NOSOCOMIAL INFECTIONS; DIARRHEAL MORBIDITY; PROMOTION PROGRAM; BURKINA-FASO; RURAL ZAIRE AB Objectives To describe global approaches to handwashing research in low- and middle-income communities, schools and health care settings using behavioural outcome measurement and temporal study design. Methods Peer-reviewed and grey literature was screened for handwashing studies that evaluated behaviour change. Relevant articles were assessed by their research approach, including the investigator's selected outcome measure and time frame of various study components (e.g., formative research, intervention and evaluation). Results The initial search yielded 527 relevant articles. After application of exclusion criteria, we identified 27 unique studies (30 total articles). Of the 27 articles, most were focused in the community setting. Fifteen (56%) documented observed handwashing behaviour, while 18 (67%) used proxy measures (e.g., soap presence, diarrhoea) and 14 (52%) used self-reported behaviour. Several studies used multiple outcome measures. While all studies had an evaluation of behaviour change, there was a dearth of studies that evaluated long-term maintenance of behaviour change after the intervention's conclusion. Conclusions While the literature is replete with a variety of handwashing studies in community, school and health care settings, none have been able to definitively document long-term behaviour change, thereby challenging the sustainability of various interventions. Additionally, there is a need to better understand which research approach is most effective in promoting long-term behaviour compliance in global low- and middle-income settings. C1 [Riley, Patricia L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global HIV AIDS, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Vindigni, Stephen M.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Atlanta, GA USA. [Vindigni, Stephen M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Director, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Riley, Patricia L.] Emory Univ, Nell Hodgson Woodruff Sch Nursing, Lillian Carter Ctr Int Nursing, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Jhung, Michael] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Riley, PL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global HIV AIDS, Ctr Global Hlth, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS-E41, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM Pyr0@cdc.gov FU Emory University School of Medicine and Senior Advisor, Center for Global Safe Water, Rollins School of Public Health FX The authors are indebted to Dr. James M. Hughes, Director, Program in Global Infectious Diseases, Emory University School of Medicine and Senior Advisor, Center for Global Safe Water, Rollins School of Public Health, for his support throughout this undertaking. The authors acknowledge the contributions of Amy A. Parker, RN, MSN, MPH, nurse epidemiologist with the National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention during the initial stages of this paper. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. NR 48 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 18 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1360-2276 J9 TROP MED INT HEALTH JI Trop. Med. Int. Health PD APR PY 2011 VL 16 IS 4 BP 466 EP 477 DI 10.1111/j.1365-3156.2010.02720.x PG 12 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 736QP UT WOS:000288509500009 PM 21226794 ER PT J AU Rausch, D Dieffenbach, C Cheever, L Fenton, KA AF Rausch, Dianne Dieffenbach, Carl Cheever, Laura Fenton, Kevin A. TI Towards a More Coordinated Federal Response to Improving HIV Prevention and Sexual Health among Men Who Have Sex with Men SO AIDS AND BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; INFECTIONS; HIV/AIDS C1 [Fenton, Kevin A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Rausch, Dianne] NIMH, Div AIDS Res, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Dieffenbach, Carl] NIAID, Div AIDS, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Cheever, Laura] Hlth Resources & Serv Adm, HIV AIDS Bur, Rockville, MD USA. RP Fenton, KA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM kif2@cdc.gov NR 19 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1090-7165 J9 AIDS BEHAV JI AIDS Behav. PD APR PY 2011 VL 15 SU 1 BP S107 EP S111 DI 10.1007/s10461-011-9908-z PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences, Biomedical SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Biomedical Social Sciences GA 814EG UT WOS:000294428800015 PM 21365306 ER PT J AU Robbins, CL Dietz, PM Bombard, J Valderrama, AL AF Robbins, Cheryl L. Dietz, Patricia M. Bombard, Jennifer Valderrama, Amy L. TI Gestational hypertension: a neglected cardiovascular disease risk marker SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE blood pressure screening; cardiovascular disease; cholesterol screening; gestational hypertension; risk factor ID PREECLAMPSIA; PREVENTION; DISORDERS; PREGNANCY; VALIDITY; RECALL; HEALTH; WOMEN AB OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study is to examine hypertension and cholesterol screening, knowledge of heart attack symptoms, and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors among women with a history of gestational hypertension. STUDY DESIGN: We used weighted 2008 National Health Interview Survey data to examine health indicators and modifiable CVD risk factors and to estimate prevalence and adjusted odds ratios for recommended CVD screening and knowledge of heart attack symptoms by hypertension history among 11,970 adult women. RESULTS: Among women with gestational hypertension only (n = 301), 93% received the recommended screening for hypertension; 75% received screening for dyslipidemia, and 40% correctly identified 5 of 5 heart attack symptoms. The odds of CVD screenings and knowledge did not differ between women with a history of gestational hypertension and those with no hypertension. However, women with gestational hypertension had higher rates of obesity (43%), CVD (18%), and diabetes mellitus (13%), compared with women without a history of hypertension (21%, 8%, and 3%, respectively). CONCLUSION: A history of gestational hypertension is a neglected CVD risk marker. C1 [Robbins, Cheryl L.; Dietz, Patricia M.; Bombard, Jennifer] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Valderrama, Amy L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Heart Dis & Stroke Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Robbins, CL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 25 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 8 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0002-9378 J9 AM J OBSTET GYNECOL JI Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. PD APR PY 2011 VL 204 IS 4 AR 336.e1 DI 10.1016/j.ajog.2010.11.005 PG 9 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 743ZD UT WOS:000289058800032 PM 21183153 ER PT J AU Folster, JP Pecic, G Bowen, A Rickert, R Carattoli, A Whichard, JM AF Folster, Jason P. Pecic, Gary Bowen, Anna Rickert, Regan Carattoli, Alessandra Whichard, Jean M. TI Decreased Susceptibility to Ciprofloxacin among Shigella Isolates in the United States, 2006 to 2009 SO ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY LA English DT Article ID QUINOLONE RESISTANCE; ANTIMICROBIAL-RESISTANCE; DYSENTERIAE SEROTYPE-1; SALMONELLA; PLASMIDS; INDIA; PREVALENCE; KOLKATA; GENE AB We characterized 20 Shigella isolates with decreased susceptibility to fluoroquinolones. Most patients (80%) from whom a travel history was obtained reported travel to South or Southeast Asia. Mutations within the quinolone resistance determining regions of gyrA and parC and plasmid-mediated resistance determinants (qnrB, qnrS, and aac(6')-Ib-cr) were identified. The rise in antimicrobial resistance among Shigella isolates may necessitate the increased use of extended-spectrum cephalosporins or macrolides in some patients. C1 [Folster, Jason P.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring Syst, OID NCEZID DFWED EDLB, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Enter Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Folster, Jason P.; Pecic, Gary] IHRC Inc, Atlanta, GA USA. [Carattoli, Alessandra] Ist Super Sanita, Dept Infect Parasit & Immune Mediated Dis, I-00161 Rome, Italy. RP Folster, JP (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring Syst, OID NCEZID DFWED EDLB, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Enter Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM gux8@cdc.gov OI Carattoli, Alessandra/0000-0002-6120-6526 FU CDC; FDA Center for Veterinary Medicine FX This work was supported by an interagency agreement between the CDC and the FDA Center for Veterinary Medicine. NR 21 TC 22 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0066-4804 J9 ANTIMICROB AGENTS CH JI Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. PD APR PY 2011 VL 55 IS 4 BP 1758 EP 1760 DI 10.1128/AAC.01463-10 PG 3 WC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 737US UT WOS:000288594600055 PM 21220535 ER PT J AU Anderson, SE Franko, J Lukomska, E Frasch, HF Barbero, AM Munson, AE Meade, BJ AF Anderson, Stacey E. Franko, Jennifer Lukomska, Ewa Frasch, H. Fred Barbero, Ana M. Munson, Albert E. Meade, B. Jean TI Immunological Effects of Gulf Oil Spill: Crude Oil, COREXIT (R) EC9500A Dispersant and Oil/Dispersant Mixtures SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology Meeting 2011 CY APR 09-13, 2011 CL Washington, DC SP Amer Assoc Anatomists (AAA), Amer Physiolog Soc (APS), Amer Soc Biochem & Mol Biol (ASBMB), Amer Soc Investigat Pathol (ASIP), Amer Soc Nutrit (ASN), Amer Soc Pharmacol & Expt Therapeut (ASPET) C1 [Anderson, Stacey E.; Franko, Jennifer; Lukomska, Ewa; Frasch, H. Fred; Barbero, Ana M.; Munson, Albert E.; Meade, B. Jean] NIOSH, CDC, Morgantown, WV USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 6 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2011 VL 25 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 032IE UT WOS:000310708400179 ER PT J AU Bailey, RL Carmel, R Green, R Pfeiffer, CM Yetley, EA AF Bailey, Regan L. Carmel, Ralph Green, Ralph Pfeiffer, Christine M. Yetley, Elizabeth A. TI Defining low B12 status in the US SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology Meeting 2011 CY APR 09-13, 2011 CL Washington, DC SP Amer Assoc Anatomists (AAA), Amer Physiolog Soc (APS), Amer Soc Biochem & Mol Biol (ASBMB), Amer Soc Investigat Pathol (ASIP), Amer Soc Nutrit (ASN), Amer Soc Pharmacol & Expt Therapeut (ASPET) C1 [Bailey, Regan L.; Yetley, Elizabeth A.] NIH, Off Dietary Supplements, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Carmel, Ralph] New York Methodist Hosp, Brooklyn, NY USA. [Carmel, Ralph] Cornell Univ, Weill Med Coll, New York, NY 10021 USA. [Green, Ralph] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Med Pathol & Lab Med, Sacramento, CA 95817 USA. [Pfeiffer, Christine M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2011 VL 25 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 032IE UT WOS:000310708402207 ER PT J AU Bailey, RL Gahche, JJ Dodd, KW Dwyer, JT AF Bailey, Regan L. Gahche, Jaime J. Dodd, Kevin W. Dwyer, Johanna T. TI Changes in the Dietary Supplement Collection System in NHANES 2007-2008: Implications for Researchers SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology Meeting 2011 CY APR 09-13, 2011 CL Washington, DC SP Amer Assoc Anatomists (AAA), Amer Physiolog Soc (APS), Amer Soc Biochem & Mol Biol (ASBMB), Amer Soc Investigat Pathol (ASIP), Amer Soc Nutrit (ASN), Amer Soc Pharmacol & Expt Therapeut (ASPET) C1 [Bailey, Regan L.; Dwyer, Johanna T.] NIH, Off Dietary Supplements, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Gahche, Jaime J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. [Dodd, Kevin W.] NCI, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2011 VL 25 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 032IE UT WOS:000310708401974 ER PT J AU Brown, LN Adair, LS Bentley, ME van der Horst, CM Jamieson, DJ Ellington, SR Soko, A Kayira, D Chasela, C AF Brown, Lauren Nami Adair, Linda S. Bentley, Margaret E. van der Horst, Charles M. Jamieson, Denise J. Ellington, Sascha R. Soko, Alice Kayira, Dumbani Chasela, Charles TI Growth patterns preceding mortality in the first 6 months of life among breastfed infants born to HIV infected women in Malawi SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology Meeting 2011 CY APR 09-13, 2011 CL Washington, DC SP Amer Assoc Anatomists (AAA), Amer Physiolog Soc (APS), Amer Soc Biochem & Mol Biol (ASBMB), Amer Soc Investigat Pathol (ASIP), Amer Soc Nutrit (ASN), Amer Soc Pharmacol & Expt Therapeut (ASPET) C1 [Brown, Lauren Nami; Adair, Linda S.; Bentley, Margaret E.; van der Horst, Charles M.] Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Jamieson, Denise J.; Ellington, Sascha R.] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Soko, Alice; Kayira, Dumbani; Chasela, Charles] UNC Project, Lilongwe, Malawi. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2011 VL 25 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 032IE UT WOS:000310708407117 ER PT J AU Cho, SS Qi, L Fahey, G Kim, IS Klurfeld, D AF Cho, Susan S. Qi, Lu Fahey, George Kim, In S. Klurfeld, David TI A comparison of literature on the impact of bran, cereal fiber, and whole grain intakes and risk reduction of type 2 diabetes. SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology Meeting 2011 CY APR 09-13, 2011 CL Washington, DC SP Amer Assoc Anatomists (AAA), Amer Physiolog Soc (APS), Amer Soc Biochem & Mol Biol (ASBMB), Amer Soc Investigat Pathol (ASIP), Amer Soc Nutrit (ASN), Amer Soc Pharmacol & Expt Therapeut (ASPET) C1 [Cho, Susan S.] NutraSource, Clarksville, MD USA. [Qi, Lu] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Fahey, George] Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Kim, In S.] CDC, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD USA. [Klurfeld, David] ARS, USDA, Beltsville, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 6 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2011 VL 25 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 032IE UT WOS:000310708405065 ER PT J AU Coleman, L Waring, S Irving, S Meece, J Shay, D Belongia, E AF Coleman, Laura Waring, Stephen Irving, Stephanie Meece, Jennifer Shay, David Belongia, Edward TI BMI is not a risk factor for medically attended influenza SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology Meeting 2011 CY APR 09-13, 2011 CL Washington, DC SP Amer Assoc Anatomists (AAA), Amer Physiolog Soc (APS), Amer Soc Biochem & Mol Biol (ASBMB), Amer Soc Investigat Pathol (ASIP), Amer Soc Nutrit (ASN), Amer Soc Pharmacol & Expt Therapeut (ASPET) C1 [Coleman, Laura; Waring, Stephen; Irving, Stephanie; Belongia, Edward] Marshfield Clin Res Fdn, Epidemiol Res Ctr, Marshfield, WI USA. [Meece, Jennifer] Marshfield Clin Res Fdn, Core Lab, Marshfield, WI USA. [Shay, David] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2011 VL 25 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 032IE UT WOS:000310708401840 ER PT J AU De-Regil, LM Pena-Rosas, JP Flores-Ayala, R Jefferds, ME AF De-Regil, Luz M. Pena-Rosas, Juan Pablo Flores-Ayala, Rafael Jefferds, Maria Elena TI WHO/CDC logic model for micronutrient interventions in public health SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology Meeting 2011 CY APR 09-13, 2011 CL Washington, DC SP Amer Assoc Anatomists (AAA), Amer Physiolog Soc (APS), Amer Soc Biochem & Mol Biol (ASBMB), Amer Soc Investigat Pathol (ASIP), Amer Soc Nutrit (ASN), Amer Soc Pharmacol & Expt Therapeut (ASPET) C1 [De-Regil, Luz M.; Pena-Rosas, Juan Pablo] World Hlth Org, Geneva, Switzerland. [Flores-Ayala, Rafael; Jefferds, Maria Elena] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Int Micronutrient Malnutrit Prevent & Control Pro, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2011 VL 25 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 032IE UT WOS:000310708401085 ER PT J AU Fazili-Qari, Z Paladugula, N Rosenthal, J Crider, K Pfeiffer, CM AF Fazili-Qari, Zia Paladugula, Neelima Rosenthal, Jorge Crider, Krista Pfeiffer, Christine M. TI Does folic acid accumulate in serum with a daily dose of 1 mg administered for 12 weeks? SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology Meeting 2011 CY APR 09-13, 2011 CL Washington, DC SP Amer Assoc Anatomists (AAA), Amer Physiolog Soc (APS), Amer Soc Biochem & Mol Biol (ASBMB), Amer Soc Investigat Pathol (ASIP), Amer Soc Nutrit (ASN), Amer Soc Pharmacol & Expt Therapeut (ASPET) C1 [Fazili-Qari, Zia; Paladugula, Neelima; Pfeiffer, Christine M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Nutr Biomarkers Branch NBB NCEH, Atlanta, GA USA. [Rosenthal, Jorge; Crider, Krista] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2011 VL 25 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 032IE UT WOS:000310708402193 ER PT J AU Flax, VL Adair, LS Bentley, ME Chasela, CS Kayira, D Hudgens, MG Knight, RJ Soko, A Jamieson, DJ van der Horst, CM AF Flax, Valerie L. Adair, Linda S. Bentley, Margaret E. Chasela, Charles S. Kayira, Dumbani Hudgens, Michael G. Knight, Rodney J. Soko, Alice Jamieson, Denise J. van der Horst, Charles M. TI Nutrition supplementation of HIV-infected women during lactation does not consistently influence infant growth from 0-24 weeks SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology Meeting 2011 CY APR 09-13, 2011 CL Washington, DC SP Amer Assoc Anatomists (AAA), Amer Physiolog Soc (APS), Amer Soc Biochem & Mol Biol (ASBMB), Amer Soc Investigat Pathol (ASIP), Amer Soc Nutrit (ASN), Amer Soc Pharmacol & Expt Therapeut (ASPET) C1 [Flax, Valerie L.; Adair, Linda S.; Bentley, Margaret E.; Hudgens, Michael G.; van der Horst, Charles M.] Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Chasela, Charles S.; Kayira, Dumbani; Soko, Alice] UNC Project, Lilongwe, Malawi. [Knight, Rodney J.] Principia, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Jamieson, Denise J.] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2011 VL 25 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 032IE UT WOS:000310708401817 ER PT J AU Foltz, JL Malimbo, M Sejvar, JJ Dowell, SF Lwamafa, DKW AF Foltz, Jennifer Lynn Malimbo, Mugagga Sejvar, James J. Dowell, Scott F. Lwamafa, D. K. W. TI Outbreak of an Unexplained Illness and the Possible Role of Nutrition: Nodding Syndrome in Kitgum District, Uganda SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology Meeting 2011 CY APR 09-13, 2011 CL Washington, DC SP Amer Assoc Anatomists (AAA), Amer Physiolog Soc (APS), Amer Soc Biochem & Mol Biol (ASBMB), Amer Soc Investigat Pathol (ASIP), Amer Soc Nutrit (ASN), Amer Soc Pharmacol & Expt Therapeut (ASPET) C1 [Foltz, Jennifer Lynn; Sejvar, James J.; Dowell, Scott F.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Malimbo, Mugagga; Lwamafa, D. K. W.] Uganda Minist Hlth, Kampala, Uganda. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 9 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2011 VL 25 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 032IE UT WOS:000310708405125 ER PT J AU Grant, FK Suchdev, P Cole, C Ramakrishnan, U Flores, R Ruth, L Martorell, R AF Grant, Frederick Kobina Suchdev, Parmi Cole, Conrad Ramakrishnan, Usha Flores, Rafael Ruth, Laird Martorell, Reynaldo TI Assessment of iron deficiency in Kenyan children from capillary blood SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology Meeting 2011 CY APR 09-13, 2011 CL Washington, DC SP Amer Assoc Anatomists (AAA), Amer Physiolog Soc (APS), Amer Soc Biochem & Mol Biol (ASBMB), Amer Soc Investigat Pathol (ASIP), Amer Soc Nutrit (ASN), Amer Soc Pharmacol & Expt Therapeut (ASPET) C1 [Martorell, Reynaldo] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Suchdev, Parmi; Flores, Rafael; Ruth, Laird] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Nutr Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Suchdev, Parmi] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Atlanta, GA USA. [Cole, Conrad] Cincinnati Childrens Hosp Med Ctr, Cincinnati, OH USA. RI Suchdev, Parmi/K-4851-2012; Ramakrishnan, Usha/L-8921-2016 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2011 VL 25 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 032IE UT WOS:000310708401945 ER PT J AU He, XQ Ma, Q AF He, Xiaoqing Ma, Qiang TI Metal sensing by MTF1 through its carboxyl-terminal cysteine residues SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology Meeting 2011 CY APR 09-13, 2011 CL Washington, DC SP Amer Assoc Anatomists (AAA), Amer Physiolog Soc (APS), Amer Soc Biochem & Mol Biol (ASBMB), Amer Soc Investigat Pathol (ASIP), Amer Soc Nutrit (ASN), Amer Soc Pharmacol & Expt Therapeut (ASPET) C1 [He, Xiaoqing; Ma, Qiang] NIOSH, Receptor Biol Lab, Toxicol & Mol Biol Branch, Hlth Effects Lab Div,Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Morgantown, WV USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2011 VL 25 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 032IE UT WOS:000310708401194 ER PT J AU Hopping, BN Adair, LS Bentley, ME Flax, VL Parker, M Chitsulo, P Chasela, CS Kayira, D van der Horst, CM Jamieson, DJ Kacheche, Z Soko, A Knight, RJ Tohill, B AF Hopping, Beth N. Adair, Linda S. Bentley, Margaret E. Flax, Valerie L. Parker, Megan Chitsulo, Phindile Chasela, Charles S. Kayira, Dumbani van der Horst, Charles M. Jamieson, Denise J. Kacheche, Zebrone Soko, Alice Knight, Rodney J. Tohill, Beth TI Increasing dietary diversity reduces likelihood of growth faltering among infants receiving a lipid-based nutrient supplement in Malawi SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology Meeting 2011 CY APR 09-13, 2011 CL Washington, DC SP Amer Assoc Anatomists (AAA), Amer Physiolog Soc (APS), Amer Soc Biochem & Mol Biol (ASBMB), Amer Soc Investigat Pathol (ASIP), Amer Soc Nutrit (ASN), Amer Soc Pharmacol & Expt Therapeut (ASPET) C1 [Hopping, Beth N.; Adair, Linda S.; Bentley, Margaret E.; Flax, Valerie L.; van der Horst, Charles M.] Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Parker, Megan] Int Food Policy Res Inst, Washington, DC 20036 USA. [Chitsulo, Phindile; Chasela, Charles S.; Kayira, Dumbani; Kacheche, Zebrone; Soko, Alice] UNC Project, Lilongwe, Malawi. [Jamieson, Denise J.; Tohill, Beth] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Knight, Rodney J.] Principia, Chapel Hill, NC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2011 VL 25 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 032IE UT WOS:000310708403211 ER PT J AU Paliakov, EM Encisco, S Chaudhary-Webb, M McCoy, LF Schleicher, RL AF Paliakov, Ekaterina M. Encisco, Sara Chaudhary-Webb, Madhulika McCoy, Leslie F. Schleicher, Rosemary L. TI Development and validation of an isotope dilution ultra-high pressure liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry method for quantitation of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D3, D2 and 3-epi-D3 SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology Meeting 2011 CY APR 09-13, 2011 CL Washington, DC SP Amer Assoc Anatomists (AAA), Amer Physiolog Soc (APS), Amer Soc Biochem & Mol Biol (ASBMB), Amer Soc Investigat Pathol (ASIP), Amer Soc Nutrit (ASN), Amer Soc Pharmacol & Expt Therapeut (ASPET) C1 [Paliakov, Ekaterina M.; Chaudhary-Webb, Madhulika; Schleicher, Rosemary L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, NCEH DLS NBB, Atlanta, GA USA. [Encisco, Sara] Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Clinton, TN USA. [McCoy, Leslie F.] Battelle Mem Inst, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2011 VL 25 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 032IE UT WOS:000310708407173 ER PT J AU Park, S Sherry, B Foti, K Blanck, HM AF Park, Sohyun Sherry, Bettylou Foti, Kathryn Blanck, Heidi M. TI Sociodemographic, dietary, and behavioral factors associated with regular soda intake among adolescents, Youth Risk Behavior Survey, 2009 SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology Meeting 2011 CY APR 09-13, 2011 CL Washington, DC SP Amer Assoc Anatomists (AAA), Amer Physiolog Soc (APS), Amer Soc Biochem & Mol Biol (ASBMB), Amer Soc Investigat Pathol (ASIP), Amer Soc Nutrit (ASN), Amer Soc Pharmacol & Expt Therapeut (ASPET) C1 [Park, Sohyun; Sherry, Bettylou; Blanck, Heidi M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Atlanta, GA USA. [Foti, Kathryn] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adolescent & Sch Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2011 VL 25 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 032IE UT WOS:000310708401968 ER PT J AU Perrine, CG Li, RW Rasmussen, KM Scanlon, KS AF Perrine, Cria G. Li, Ruowei Rasmussen, Kathleen M. Scanlon, Kelley S. TI Maternal obesity and early postpartum problems with breastfeeding SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology Meeting 2011 CY APR 09-13, 2011 CL Washington, DC SP Amer Assoc Anatomists (AAA), Amer Physiolog Soc (APS), Amer Soc Biochem & Mol Biol (ASBMB), Amer Soc Investigat Pathol (ASIP), Amer Soc Nutrit (ASN), Amer Soc Pharmacol & Expt Therapeut (ASPET) C1 [Perrine, Cria G.; Li, Ruowei; Scanlon, Kelley S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Atlanta, GA USA. [Rasmussen, Kathleen M.] Cornell Univ, Div Nutr Sci, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2011 VL 25 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 032IE UT WOS:000310708401782 ER PT J AU Qi, YP Do, A Cogswell, ME Pfeiffer, CM Berry, RJ AF Qi, Yan Ping Do, Ann Cogswell, Mary E. Pfeiffer, Christine M. Berry, R. J. TI Folic acid fortification and the prevalence of suboptimal vitamin B12 status without anemia and macrocytosis among older Americans in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) 1991-1994 and 1999-2006 SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology Meeting 2011 CY APR 09-13, 2011 CL Washington, DC SP Amer Assoc Anatomists (AAA), Amer Physiolog Soc (APS), Amer Soc Biochem & Mol Biol (ASBMB), Amer Soc Investigat Pathol (ASIP), Amer Soc Nutrit (ASN), Amer Soc Pharmacol & Expt Therapeut (ASPET) C1 [Qi, Yan Ping; Do, Ann; Cogswell, Mary E.; Pfeiffer, Christine M.; Berry, R. J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2011 VL 25 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 032IE UT WOS:000310708401934 ER PT J AU Sriram, K Jefferson, AM Lin, GX Goldsmith, WT Jackson, M Frazer, DG Robinson, VA Castranova, V AF Sriram, Krishnan Jefferson, Amy M. Lin, Gary X. Goldsmith, William T. Jackson, Mark Frazer, David G. Robinson, Victor A. Castranova, Vincent TI Neuronal synaptic and cytoskeletal protein aberration following acute inhalation exposure to the oil dispersant COREXIT (R) EC9500A SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology Meeting 2011 CY APR 09-13, 2011 CL Washington, DC SP Amer Assoc Anatomists (AAA), Amer Physiolog Soc (APS), Amer Soc Biochem & Mol Biol (ASBMB), Amer Soc Investigat Pathol (ASIP), Amer Soc Nutrit (ASN), Amer Soc Pharmacol & Expt Therapeut (ASPET) C1 [Sriram, Krishnan; Jefferson, Amy M.; Lin, Gary X.; Goldsmith, William T.; Jackson, Mark; Frazer, David G.; Robinson, Victor A.; Castranova, Vincent] NIOSH, CDC, Morgantown, WV USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2011 VL 25 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 032IE UT WOS:000310708400178 ER PT J AU Suchdev, PS Foote, E Sullivan, K Ochieng, C Ruth, L AF Suchdev, Parminder Singh Foote, Eric Sullivan, Kevin Ochieng, Cliff Ruth, Laird TI Determinants of Anemia among Young Children in Western Kenya SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology Meeting 2011 CY APR 09-13, 2011 CL Washington, DC SP Amer Assoc Anatomists (AAA), Amer Physiolog Soc (APS), Amer Soc Biochem & Mol Biol (ASBMB), Amer Soc Investigat Pathol (ASIP), Amer Soc Nutrit (ASN), Amer Soc Pharmacol & Expt Therapeut (ASPET) C1 [Suchdev, Parminder Singh; Foote, Eric; Sullivan, Kevin] Emory Univ, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Suchdev, Parminder Singh; Sullivan, Kevin; Ruth, Laird] CDC, Nutr Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Ochieng, Cliff] Safe Water & AIDS Project, Kisumu, Kenya. RI Suchdev, Parmi/K-4851-2012 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 4 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2011 VL 25 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 032IE UT WOS:000310708402081 ER PT J AU Suchdev, PS Shah, A Ruth, L Ochieng, C Patel, M Jefferds, ME AF Suchdev, Parminder Singh Shah, Ami Ruth, Laird Ochieng, Cliff Patel, Minal Jefferds, Maria Elena TI Effect of Decreased Marketing on Micronutrient Sprinkles Distribution in Western Kenya SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology Meeting 2011 CY APR 09-13, 2011 CL Washington, DC SP Amer Assoc Anatomists (AAA), Amer Physiolog Soc (APS), Amer Soc Biochem & Mol Biol (ASBMB), Amer Soc Investigat Pathol (ASIP), Amer Soc Nutrit (ASN), Amer Soc Pharmacol & Expt Therapeut (ASPET) C1 [Suchdev, Parminder Singh; Shah, Ami] Emory Univ, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Suchdev, Parminder Singh; Ruth, Laird; Patel, Minal; Jefferds, Maria Elena] CDC, Nutr Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Ochieng, Cliff] Safe Water & AIDS Project, Kisumu, Kenya. RI Suchdev, Parmi/K-4851-2012 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2011 VL 25 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 032IE UT WOS:000310708401090 ER PT J AU Wang, LP He, XQ Bi, YY Szklarz, G Ma, Q AF Wang, Liping He, Xiaoqing Bi, Yongyi Szklarz, Grazyna Ma, Qiang TI Ah receptor interacts with Nrf2 to mediate induction of NQO1 by 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin and benzo[a]pyrene SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology Meeting 2011 CY APR 09-13, 2011 CL Washington, DC SP Amer Assoc Anatomists (AAA), Amer Physiolog Soc (APS), Amer Soc Biochem & Mol Biol (ASBMB), Amer Soc Investigat Pathol (ASIP), Amer Soc Nutrit (ASN), Amer Soc Pharmacol & Expt Therapeut (ASPET) C1 [Wang, Liping; Szklarz, Grazyna] W Virginia Univ, Sch Pharm, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. [Wang, Liping; Bi, Yongyi] Wuhan Univ, Wuhan 430072, Peoples R China. [He, Xiaoqing; Ma, Qiang] CDC, Receptor Biol Lab, Toxicol & Mol Biol Branch, Hlth Effects Lab Div,NIOSH, Morgantown, WV USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2011 VL 25 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 032IE UT WOS:000310708400158 ER PT J AU Widen, EM Adair, L Bentley, M Chasela, C Kayira, D Kacheche, Z Tegha, G Knight, R Jamieson, D van der Horst, C AF Widen, Elizabeth M. Adair, Linda Bentley, Margaret Chasela, Charles Kayira, Dumbani Kacheche, Zebrone Tegha, Gerald Knight, Rodney Jamieson, Denise van der Horst, Charles TI Supplementation of lactating mothers with lipid-based nutrient supplement does not influence infant Hemoglobin levels during exclusive breastfeeding SO FASEB JOURNAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Experimental Biology Meeting 2011 CY APR 09-13, 2011 CL Washington, DC SP Amer Assoc Anatomists (AAA), Amer Physiolog Soc (APS), Amer Soc Biochem & Mol Biol (ASBMB), Amer Soc Investigat Pathol (ASIP), Amer Soc Nutrit (ASN), Amer Soc Pharmacol & Expt Therapeut (ASPET) C1 [van der Horst, Charles] Univ N Carolina, Sch Med, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Chasela, Charles; Kayira, Dumbani; Kacheche, Zebrone; Tegha, Gerald] UNC Project, Lilongwe, Malawi. [Knight, Rodney] Principa, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Jamieson, Denise] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU FEDERATION AMER SOC EXP BIOL PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0892-6638 J9 FASEB J JI Faseb J. PD APR PY 2011 VL 25 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Cell Biology GA 032IE UT WOS:000310708403191 ER PT J AU Moura, H Terilli, RR Woolfitt, AR Gallegos-Candela, M McWilliams, LG Solano, MI Pirkle, JL Barr, JR AF Moura, Hercules Terilli, Rebecca R. Woolfitt, Adrian R. Gallegos-Candela, Maribel McWilliams, Lisa G. Solano, Maria I. Pirkle, James L. Barr, John R. TI Studies on botulinum neurotoxins type/C1 and mosaic/DC using Endopep-MS and proteomics SO FEMS IMMUNOLOGY AND MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE botulism; Endopep-MS; proteomics; MS; label-free quantification ID IN-VITRO ASSAYS; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; STATISTICAL-MODEL; SEROTYPE-A; TOXINS; QUANTIFICATION; IDENTIFICATION; PROTEINS; DIFFERENTIATION; IMMUNOASSAYS AB Botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs) are very potent toxins and category A biological threat agents. BoNT serotypes /C1 and /D affect birds and mammals and can be potentially lethal to humans. We have previously described the usefulness of the Endopep-MS method to detect the activity of BoNT A through G. This report was followed by the application of the method to clinical samples. The activity of the BoNT serotypes associated with human disease (/A, /B, /E, and /F) was successfully detected. However, BoNT/C and /D require different conditions for fast substrate cleavage, and a comprehensive description of a method to study BoNT/C and /D has not yet been reported. This work describes a new, optimized version of the Endopep-MS method to detect BoNTs /C1 and /DC either spiked directly in 20 mu L of reaction buffer or spiked in a larger volume of buffer and further extracted using antibody-coated magnetic beads. It was found that the incubation temperature at 42 degrees C was more effective for both toxin serotypes, but each toxin serotype has an optimum cleavage pH. Additionally, we describe for the first time a proteomics study using a fast trypsin digestion method and label-free quantification of these toxin serotypes. C1 [Moura, Hercules; Terilli, Rebecca R.; Woolfitt, Adrian R.; Solano, Maria I.; Pirkle, James L.; Barr, John R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Terilli, Rebecca R.] Assoc Publ Hlth Labs, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Terilli, Rebecca R.] Oak Ridge Inst Sci Educ, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Gallegos-Candela, Maribel; McWilliams, Lisa G.] Battelle Mem Inst, Columbus, OH USA. RP Barr, JR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,MS F-50, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM jbarr@cdc.gov NR 37 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 6 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0928-8244 J9 FEMS IMMUNOL MED MIC JI FEMS Immunol. Med. Microbiol. PD APR PY 2011 VL 61 IS 3 BP 288 EP 300 DI 10.1111/j.1574-695X.2010.00774.x PG 13 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 732TE UT WOS:000288211800006 PM 21205003 ER PT J AU Norris, SL McNally, TK Zhang, XP Burda, B Chan, B Chowdhury, FM Zhang, P Patrick, D AF Norris, Susan L. McNally, Tarra K. Zhang, Xuanping Burda, Brittany Chan, Benjamin Chowdhury, Farah M. Zhang, Ping Patrick, Donald TI Published norms underestimate the health-related quality of life among persons with type 2 diabetes SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Review DE Health-related quality of life; Type 2 diabetes; Systematic review; Meta-analysis; SF-36 ID PLACEBO-CONTROLLED TRIAL; INDIVIDUAL PATIENT DATA; PERIPHERAL NEUROPATHY; FOOT ULCERS; AUSTRALIAN POPULATION; LONGITUDINAL ANALYSIS; DIFFERING SEVERITY; GLYCEMIC CONTROL; MENTAL-HEALTH; IMPACT AB Objective: To assess health-related quality of life (HRQL) among adults with type 2 diabetes using the Short Form (SF)-36 and to obtain pooled estimates of HRQL for subpopulations defined by demographic characteristics, diabetes-related complications, and comorbidities. Study Design and Methods: We conducted computerized searches of multiple electronic bibliographic databases, and studies in any language were selected in which HRQL was reported among adults with type 2 diabetes using the SF-36. Estimates were combined using a random-effects model. Results: One hundred eighteen studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria. HRQL was lower in persons with type 2 diabetes, as measured by all the eight component scores of the SF-36 when compared with the existing U.S. population norms and with previously published type 2 diabetes norms. SF-36 component and summary scores were extremely heterogeneous, and subpopulation data were sparse; this precluded obtaining meaningful pooled scores for most populations of interest and made comparisons among subpopulations difficult. Conclusion: Our data suggest that previously published norms may underestimate the effect of diabetes on HRQL, and diabetes populations are extremely heterogeneous, making broad population "norms" for HRQL in type 2 diabetes of limited use. Additional research with important subpopulations and individual-level data are needed to further explore the effect of diabetes on HRQL. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Norris, Susan L.; McNally, Tarra K.; Burda, Brittany; Chan, Benjamin] Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Dept Med Informat & Clin Epidemiol, Portland, OR 97239 USA. [Zhang, Xuanping; Chowdhury, Farah M.; Zhang, Ping] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Diabet Translat, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. [Patrick, Donald] Univ Washington, Sch Publ Hlth & Community Med, Dept Hlth Serv, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Norris, SL (reprint author), Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Dept Med Informat & Clin Epidemiol, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Pk Rd,Mail Stop B1CC, Portland, OR 97239 USA. EM norriss@ohsu.edu NR 89 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0895-4356 EI 1878-5921 J9 J CLIN EPIDEMIOL JI J. Clin. Epidemiol. PD APR PY 2011 VL 64 IS 4 BP 358 EP 365 DI 10.1016/j.jclinepi.2010.04.016 PG 8 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 734UF UT WOS:000288364300004 PM 20800442 ER PT J AU McBride, DC Terry-McElrath, YM Chriqui, JF O'Connor, JC VanderWaal, CJ Mattson, KL AF McBride, Duane C. Terry-McElrath, Yvonne M. Chriqui, Jamie F. O'Connor, Jean C. VanderWaal, Curtis J. Mattson, Karen L. TI STATE METHAMPHETAMINE PRECURSOR POLICIES AND CHANGES IN SMALL TOXIC LAB METHAMPHETAMINE PRODUCTION SO JOURNAL OF DRUG ISSUES LA English DT Article AB Domestic production of methamphetamine in small toxic labs (STLs) results in significant community safety and health consequences. This paper examines the effects of state-level policies implemented in the middle of the last decade in reaction to a rapid increase in STL labs. These policies focused on controlling access to the methamphetamine precursor chemicals ephedrine and pseudoephedrine and the relationship of such policies with actual STL seizure rates. Data include (a) primary legal research on state laws/regulations in all 50 states in effect as of October 1, 2005; and (b) STL seizure counts for 2004-2006. Results from random effects cross-sectional time-series regression models showed that states with the greatest reduction in STL seizures had comprehensive policies involving quantity limits on methamphetamine precursor purchases, clerk intervention requirements (such as requiring buyer identification) and regulatory agency specification for monitoring compliance and tracking multiple purchases. Criminalizing purchasing violations was not related to STL reductions. C1 [McBride, Duane C.] Andrews Univ, Dept Behav Sci, Berrien Springs, MI 49104 USA. [McBride, Duane C.] Andrews Univ, Inst Prevent Addict, Berrien Springs, MI 49104 USA. [Terry-McElrath, Yvonne M.] Univ Michigan, Inst Social Res, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Chriqui, Jamie F.] Univ Illinois, Ctr Hlth Policy, Inst Hlth Res & Policy, Chicago, IL USA. [O'Connor, Jean C.] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [O'Connor, Jean C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [VanderWaal, Curtis J.] Andrews Univ, Berrien Springs, MI 49104 USA. RP McBride, DC (reprint author), Andrews Univ, Dept Behav Sci, Berrien Springs, MI 49104 USA. NR 36 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 5 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0022-0426 J9 J DRUG ISSUES JI J. Drug Issues PD APR PY 2011 VL 41 IS 2 BP 253 EP 281 DI 10.1177/002204261104100206 PG 29 WC Substance Abuse SC Substance Abuse GA V28NM UT WOS:000208687500006 ER PT J AU Liu, F Hancock, K Katz, J Fairman, J Lu, XH AF Liu, Feng Hancock, Kathy Katz, Jacqueline Fairman, Jeffery Lu, Xiuhua TI A cationic lipid/DNA complexes (JVRS-100) combined with influenza A H5N1 vaccine induce long-term antibody responses and protection against H5N1 virus in BALB/c mice SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Liu, Feng; Hancock, Kathy; Katz, Jacqueline; Lu, Xiuhua] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Fairman, Jeffery] Juvaris BioTherapeut Inc, Burlingame, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1767 EI 1550-6606 J9 J IMMUNOL JI J. Immunol. PD APR PY 2011 VL 186 SU 1 MA 155.31 PG 2 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA V44LY UT WOS:000209751706184 ER PT J AU Powell, T Boyd, J Jacobs, A Palath, N DeRome, M Tang, J Cardenas, E Harcourt, J Haynes, L Anderson, L Tripp, R AF Powell, Thomas Boyd, James Jacobs, Andrea Palath, Naveen DeRome, Mary Tang, Jie Cardenas, Edwin Harcourt, Jennifer Haynes, Lia Anderson, Larry Tripp, Ralph TI Synthetic LbL nanoparticle vaccines containing the chemokine mimic epitope of RSV-G protein and a CD8 epitope of RSV-M2 protein elicit broad-based cellular and humoral responses SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Powell, Thomas; Boyd, James; Jacobs, Andrea; Palath, Naveen; DeRome, Mary; Tang, Jie; Cardenas, Edwin] Artificial Cell Technol, New Haven, CT USA. [Harcourt, Jennifer; Haynes, Lia] CDC, Div Viral Dis, NCIRD, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Anderson, Larry] Emory Childrens Ctr, Div Pediat Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Tripp, Ralph] Univ Georgia, Dept Infect Dis, Athens, GA 30602 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1767 EI 1550-6606 J9 J IMMUNOL JI J. Immunol. PD APR PY 2011 VL 186 SU 1 MA 155.7 PG 2 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA V44LY UT WOS:000209751706191 ER PT J AU Scott, VJ Bowzard, J Davis, W Gangappa, S Katz, J Sambhara, S AF Scott, Victoria Jeisy Bowzard, J. Davis, William Gangappa, Shivaprakash Katz, Jacqueline Sambhara, Suryaprakash TI Increased Myeloid Derived Suppressor Cell recruitment and skewed TH2 response during influenza A virus infection in the absence of TLR7 SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Scott, Victoria Jeisy; Bowzard, J.; Davis, William; Gangappa, Shivaprakash; Katz, Jacqueline; Sambhara, Suryaprakash] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Scott, Victoria Jeisy] Emory Univ, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1767 EI 1550-6606 J9 J IMMUNOL JI J. Immunol. PD APR PY 2011 VL 186 SU 1 MA 49.21 PG 1 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA V44LY UT WOS:000209751700163 ER PT J AU Taylor, A Vora, K Cao, WP Shieh, WJ Zaki, S Katz, J Sambhara, S Gangappa, S AF Taylor, Andrew Vora, Keyur Cao, Weiping Shieh, Wun-Ju Zaki, Sherif Katz, Jacqueline Sambhara, Suryaprakash Gangappa, Shivaprakash TI Protein energy malnutrition decreases immunity and increases susceptibility to influenza infection SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Taylor, Andrew; Vora, Keyur; Cao, Weiping; Katz, Jacqueline; Sambhara, Suryaprakash; Gangappa, Shivaprakash] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Shieh, Wun-Ju; Zaki, Sherif] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1767 EI 1550-6606 J9 J IMMUNOL JI J. Immunol. PD APR PY 2011 VL 186 SU 1 MA 67.5 PG 1 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA V44LY UT WOS:000209751702177 ER PT J AU Templeton, S Buskirk, A Law, B Green, B Beezhold, D AF Templeton, Steven Buskirk, Amanda Law, Brandon Green, Brett Beezhold, Donald TI Variability in murine airway immune responses to clinical and environmental isolates of Aspergillus conidia SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Templeton, Steven; Buskirk, Amanda; Law, Brandon; Green, Brett; Beezhold, Donald] NIOSH, Allergy & Clin Immunol Branch, Hlth Effects Lab Div, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Morgantown, WV USA. [Buskirk, Amanda] W Virginia Univ, Dept Microbiol Immunol & Cell Biol, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1767 EI 1550-6606 J9 J IMMUNOL JI J. Immunol. PD APR PY 2011 VL 186 SU 1 MA 99.21 PG 2 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA V44LY UT WOS:000209751703014 ER PT J AU Wassilak, S Pate, MA Wannemuehler, K Jenks, J Burns, C Chenoweth, P Abanida, EA Adu, F Baba, M Gasasira, A Iber, J Mkanda, P Williams, AJ Shaw, J Pallansch, M Kew, O AF Wassilak, Steven Pate, Muhammad Ali Wannemuehler, Kathleen Jenks, Julie Burns, Cara Chenoweth, Paul Abanida, Emmanuel Ade Adu, Festus Baba, Marycelin Gasasira, Alex Iber, Jane Mkanda, Pascal Williams, A. J. Shaw, Jing Pallansch, Mark Kew, Olen TI Outbreak of Type 2 Vaccine-Derived Poliovirus in Nigeria: Emergence and Widespread Circulation in an Underimmunized Population SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID DEOXYINOSINE RESIDUES; CODON DEGENERACY; MIXED-BASE; POLIOMYELITIS; RECOMBINANT; IDENTIFICATION; POSITIONS; EVOLUTION; PRIMERS AB Wild poliovirus has remained endemic in northern Nigeria because of low coverage achieved in the routine immunization program and in supplementary immunization activities (SIAs). An outbreak of infection involving 315 cases of type 2 circulating vaccine-derived poliovirus (cVDPV2; >1% divergent from Sabin 2) occurred during July 2005-June 2010, a period when 23 of 34 SIAs used monovalent or bivalent oral poliovirus vaccine (OPV) lacking Sabin 2. In addition, 21 "pre-VDPV2'' (0.5%-1.0% divergent) cases occurred during this period. Both cVDPV and pre-VDPV cases were clinically indistinguishable from cases due to wild poliovirus. The monthly incidence of cases increased sharply in early 2009, as more children aged without trivalent OPV SIAs. Cumulative state incidence of pre-VDPV2/cVDPV2 was correlated with low childhood immunization against poliovirus type 2 assessed by various means. Strengthened routine immunization programs in countries with suboptimal coverage and balanced use of OPV formulations in SIAs are necessary to minimize risks of VDPV emergence and circulation. C1 [Wassilak, Steven; Wannemuehler, Kathleen; Jenks, Julie; Burns, Cara; Chenoweth, Paul; Iber, Jane; Williams, A. J.; Shaw, Jing; Pallansch, Mark; Kew, Olen] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Adu, Festus] Univ Ibadan, Coll Med, Dept Virol, Maiduguri, Nigeria. [Baba, Marycelin] Univ Maiduguri Teaching Hosp, Maiduguri, Nigeria. RP Wassilak, S (reprint author), 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mail Stop E-05, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM sgw1@cdc.gov FU CDC FX Funding to pay the Open Access publication charges for this article was provided by CDC funding. NR 48 TC 54 Z9 57 U1 1 U2 7 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD APR 1 PY 2011 VL 203 IS 7 BP 898 EP 909 DI 10.1093/infdis/jiq140 PG 12 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 737FF UT WOS:000288553800004 PM 21402542 ER PT J AU Lara, J Xia, GL Purdy, M Khudyakov, Y AF Lara, James Xia, Guoliang Purdy, Mike Khudyakov, Yury TI Coevolution of the Hepatitis C Virus Polyprotein Sites in Patients on Combined Pegylated Interferon and Ribavirin Therapy SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID NONSTRUCTURAL PROTEIN 5A; E2 ENVELOPE GLYCOPROTEIN; ALPHA-2A PLUS RIBAVIRIN; INDUCED VIRAL CLEARANCE; RAT EMBRYO FIBROBLASTS; SINGLE-SOURCE OUTBREAK; CORE PROTEIN; GENOTYPE 1B; HYPERVARIABLE REGION-1; NS5A REGION AB Genotype-specific sensitivity of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) to interferon-ribavirin (IFN-RBV) combination therapy and reduced HCV response to IFN-RBV as infection progresses from acute to chronic infection suggest that HCV genetic factors and intrahost HCV evolution play important roles in therapy outcomes. HCV polyprotein sequences (n = 40) from 10 patients with unsustainable response (UR) (breakthrough and relapse) and 10 patients with no response (NR) following therapy were identified through the Virahep-C study. Bayesian networks (BNs) were constructed to relate interrelationships among HCV polymorphic sites to UR/NR outcomes. All models showed an extensive interdependence of HCV sites and strong connections (P <= 0.003) to therapy response. Although all HCV proteins contributed to the networks, the topological properties of sites differed among proteins. E2 and NS5A together contributed similar to 40% of all sites and similar to 62% of all links to the polyprotein BN. The NS5A BN and E2 BN predicted UR/NR outcomes with 85% and 97.5% accuracy, respectively, in 10-fold cross-validation experiments. The NS5A model constructed using physicochemical properties of only five sites was shown to predict the UR/NR outcomes with 83.3% accuracy for 6 UR and 12 NR cases of the HALT-C study. Thus, HCV adaptation to IFN-RBV is a complex trait encoded in the interrelationships among many sites along the entire HCV polyprotein. E2 and NS5A generate broad epistatic connectivity across the HCV polyprotein and essentially shape intrahost HCV evolution toward the IFN-RBV resistance. Both proteins can be used to accurately predict the outcomes of IFN-RBV therapy. C1 [Lara, James; Xia, Guoliang; Purdy, Mike; Khudyakov, Yury] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mol Epidemiol & Bioinformat Lab, Branch Lab, Div Viral Hepatitis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Lara, J (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mol Epidemiol & Bioinformat Lab, Branch Lab, Div Viral Hepatitis, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM jlara@cdc.gov; yek0@cdc.gov FU CDC FX This work was supported by CDC intramural funding. NR 133 TC 14 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0022-538X J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD APR PY 2011 VL 85 IS 7 BP 3649 EP 3663 DI 10.1128/JVI.02197-10 PG 15 WC Virology SC Virology GA 734WT UT WOS:000288373000056 PM 21248044 ER PT J AU Albarino, CG Bird, BH Chakrabarti, AK Dodd, KA Erickson, BR Nichol, ST AF Albarino, Cesar G. Bird, Brian H. Chakrabarti, Ayan K. Dodd, Kimberly A. Erickson, Bobbie Rae Nichol, Stuart T. TI Efficient Rescue of Recombinant Lassa Virus Reveals the Influence of S Segment Noncoding Regions on Virus Replication and Virulence SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID LYMPHOCYTIC CHORIOMENINGITIS VIRUS; REVERSE GENETICS GENERATION; TRANSCRIPTION TERMINATION; INTERGENIC REGION; FEVER; ARENAVIRUSES; RIBAVIRIN; PROMOTER; MODEL; CDNA AB Lassa virus (LASV), is a significant cause of severe, often fatal, hemorrhagic fever in humans throughout western Africa, with an estimated 100,000 infections each year. No vaccines are commercially available. We report the development of an efficient reverse genetics system to rescue recombinant LASV and to investigate the contributions of the long 5' and 3' noncoding regions (NCRs) of the S genomic segment to in vitro growth and in vivo virulence. This work demonstrates that deletions of large portions of these NCRs confer an attenuated phenotype and are a first step toward further insights into the high virulence of LASV. C1 [Albarino, Cesar G.; Bird, Brian H.; Chakrabarti, Ayan K.; Dodd, Kimberly A.; Erickson, Bobbie Rae; Nichol, Stuart T.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Viral Special Pathogens Branch, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Albarino, CG (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Viral Special Pathogens Branch, Div High Consequence Pathogens & Pathol, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS G14, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM bwu4@cdc.gov NR 29 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0022-538X J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD APR PY 2011 VL 85 IS 8 BP 4020 EP 4024 DI 10.1128/JVI.02556-10 PG 5 WC Virology SC Virology GA 736ZV UT WOS:000288536100030 PM 21307206 ER PT J AU Melo, AS Bizerra, FC Freymuller, E Arthington-Skaggs, BA Colombo, AL AF Melo, Analy S. Bizerra, Fernando C. Freymueller, Edna Arthington-Skaggs, Beth A. Colombo, Arnaldo L. TI Biofilm production and evaluation of antifungal susceptibility amongst clinical Candida spp. isolates, including strains of the Candida parapsilosis complex SO MEDICAL MYCOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Candida spp.; biofim production and susceptibility; Candida orthopsilosis; Candida metapsilosis ID BROTH MACRODILUTION METHOD; BLOOD-STREAM INFECTIONS; NATIONAL-COMMITTEE; ALBICANS BIOFILMS; DRUG-RESISTANCE; SURVEILLANCE; EPIDEMIOLOGY; AGENTS; ORTHOPSILOSIS; PREDICTORS AB Candida cells can form biofilms that frequently are sources of infections and are less susceptible to antifungal drugs. Some authors have reported that Candida orthopsilosis and Candida metapsilosis isolates are not able to produce biofilms in vitro and there are no studies available on biofilm susceptibility for these species to antifungals. The aims of this study were to (i) quantify Candida spp. biofilms in vitro, and (ii) test the in vitro susceptibilities of Candida spp. biofilms to fluconazole (FLC) and amphotericin B (AMB). Isolates studied included four Candida albicans, six C. tropicalis, seven C. parapsilosis, eight C. orthopsilosis, and five C. metapsilosis. We compared two different methods to evaluate biofilm production, i. e., crystal violet (CV) staining and XTT-reduction assays (XTT). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to observe high, medium and low biofilm producing isolates screened by these two methods. To determine the minimum biofilm eradication concentration (MBEC) for FLC and AMB, XTT-reduction assay was used to measure cell metabolic activity. Biofilm quantification by CV and XTT showed that C. tropicalis isolates were the highest biofilm producer, followed by C. albicans, C. parapsilosis, C. orthopsilosis and C. metapsilosis. Examination of SEM images revealed that the extent of biofilms formed by high, medium, and low producers was highly correlated to the results generated by CV assay. Biofilm of all the isolates evaluated were resistant to FLC (MBEC(80) >= 256 ug/ml) but, in general, susceptible to AMB, except for six C. parapsilosis strains (MBEC (80) >= 8 ug/ml). C1 [Colombo, Arnaldo L.] Univ Fed Sao Paulo, Disciplina Infectol, Lab Especial Micol, Div Infect Dis, BR-04023062 Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Freymueller, Edna] Univ Fed Sao Paulo, Ctr Electron Microscopy, BR-04023062 Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Arthington-Skaggs, Beth A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mycot Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Colombo, AL (reprint author), Univ Fed Sao Paulo, Disciplina Infectol, Lab Especial Micol, Div Infect Dis, Rua Botucatu 740, BR-04023062 Sao Paulo, Brazil. EM arnaldolcolombo@gmail.com RI BIZERRA, FERNANDO/H-4807-2013 FU CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, USA); CAPES (Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior, Brazil); FAPESP (Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo, Brazil) [2005/50778-1]; CNPq [304802/2007-7] FX This work was supported by CDC (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, USA), CAPES (Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior, Brazil) and FAPESP (Fundacao de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Sao Paulo, Brazil, grant 2005/50778-1). ALC received grant from CNPq (304802/2007-7). NR 44 TC 48 Z9 50 U1 0 U2 8 PU INFORMA HEALTHCARE PI LONDON PA TELEPHONE HOUSE, 69-77 PAUL STREET, LONDON EC2A 4LQ, ENGLAND SN 1369-3786 J9 MED MYCOL JI Med. Mycol. PD APR PY 2011 VL 49 IS 3 BP 253 EP 262 DI 10.3109/13693786.2010.530032 PG 10 WC Infectious Diseases; Mycology; Veterinary Sciences SC Infectious Diseases; Mycology; Veterinary Sciences GA 734GU UT WOS:000288323400004 PM 21039308 ER PT J AU Belay, ED Abrams, J Kenfield, J Weidenbach, K Maddox, RA Lawaczeck, E Schonberger, LB AF Belay, Ermias D. Abrams, Joseph Kenfield, Janell Weidenbach, Kelly Maddox, Ryan A. Lawaczeck, Elisabeth Schonberger, Lawrence B. TI Monitoring the Potential Transmission of Chronic Wasting Disease to Humans SO PRION LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Belay, Ermias D.; Abrams, Joseph; Maddox, Ryan A.; Schonberger, Lawrence B.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Kenfield, Janell; Lawaczeck, Elisabeth] Colorado Dept Publ Hlth & Environm, Denver, CO USA. [Weidenbach, Kelly] Wyoming Dept Hlth, Cheyenne, WY USA. EM EBelay@cdc.gov NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU LANDES BIOSCIENCE PI AUSTIN PA 1806 RIO GRANDE ST, AUSTIN, TX 78702 USA SN 1933-6896 EI 1933-690X J9 PRION JI Prion PD APR-JUN PY 2011 VL 5 SU S MA Oral.40 BP 17 EP 17 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA V34DE UT WOS:000209066300038 ER PT J AU Diack, AB Will, RG Bishop, M Brandel, JP Haik, S Tagliavini, F Van Duijn, C Belay, ED Shieh, WJ Gambetti, P Schonberger, LB Manson, JC AF Diack, Abigail B. Will, Robert G. Bishop, Mathew Brandel, Jean-Philippe Haik, Stephanie Tagliavini, Fabrizio Van Duijn, Cornelia Belay, Ermias D. Shieh, Wun-Ju Gambetti, Pierluigi Schonberger, Lawrence B. Manson, Jean C. TI vCJD: A Single Non-Adaptive Strain SO PRION LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Diack, Abigail B.; Manson, Jean C.] Roslin Inst & RD SVS, Easter Bush, Scotland. [Will, Robert G.; Bishop, Mathew] Natl CJD Surveillance Unit, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland. [Brandel, Jean-Philippe; Haik, Stephanie] APHPCellule Natl Reference Malad Creutzfeldt Jako, Paris, France. [Tagliavini, Fabrizio] Ist Nazl Neurol Carlo Besta, Milan, Italy. [Van Duijn, Cornelia] Erasmus Univ, Sch Med, Rotterdam, Netherlands. [Belay, Ermias D.; Shieh, Wun-Ju; Schonberger, Lawrence B.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Gambetti, Pierluigi] Natl Prion Dis Pathol Surveillance Ctr, Cleveland, OH USA. EM abigail.diack@roslin.ed.ac.uk NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU LANDES BIOSCIENCE PI AUSTIN PA 1806 RIO GRANDE ST, AUSTIN, TX 78702 USA SN 1933-6896 EI 1933-690X J9 PRION JI Prion PD APR-JUN PY 2011 VL 5 SU S MA Bio.043 BP 39 EP 39 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA V34DE UT WOS:000209066300085 ER PT J AU Abrams, J Schonberger, LB Belay, ED Maddox, RA Leschek, EW Mills, JL Wysowski, DK Fradkin, JE AF Abrams, Joseph Schonberger, Lawrence B. Belay, Ermias D. Maddox, Ryan A. Leschek, Ellen W. Mills, James L. Wysowski, Diane K. Fradkin, Judith E. TI Lower Risk of Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease in Pituitary Growth Hormone Recipients Initiating Treatment After 1977 SO PRION LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Abrams, Joseph; Schonberger, Lawrence B.; Belay, Ermias D.; Maddox, Ryan A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Leschek, Ellen W.; Mills, James L.; Fradkin, Judith E.] NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Wysowski, Diane K.] US FDA, Rockville, MD 20857 USA. EM hus4@cdc.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LANDES BIOSCIENCE PI AUSTIN PA 1806 RIO GRANDE ST, AUSTIN, TX 78702 USA SN 1933-6896 EI 1933-690X J9 PRION JI Prion PD APR-JUN PY 2011 VL 5 SU S MA Risk.01 BP 123 EP 123 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA V34DE UT WOS:000209066300279 ER PT J AU Holman, RC Maddox, RA Folkema, AM Minino, AM Hammett, TA Kochanek, KD Sejvar, JJ Belay, ED Schonberger, LB AF Holman, Robert C. Maddox, Ryan A. Folkema, Arianne M. Minino, Arialdi M. Hammett, Teresa A. Kochanek, Kenneth D. Sejvar, James J. Belay, Ermias D. Schonberger, Lawrence B. TI Thirty-Year Review of Prion Disease Surveillance in the United States SO PRION LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Holman, Robert C.; Maddox, Ryan A.; Folkema, Arianne M.; Hammett, Teresa A.; Sejvar, James J.; Belay, Ermias D.; Schonberger, Lawrence B.] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Minino, Arialdi M.; Kochanek, Kenneth D.] CDC, Hyattsville, MD USA. EM rholman@cdc.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LANDES BIOSCIENCE PI AUSTIN PA 1806 RIO GRANDE ST, AUSTIN, TX 78702 USA SN 1933-6896 EI 1933-690X J9 PRION JI Prion PD APR-JUN PY 2011 VL 5 SU S MA Risk.21 BP 130 EP 131 PG 2 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA V34DE UT WOS:000209066300296 ER PT J AU Maddox, RA Holman, RC Folkenna, AM Minino, AM Hammett, TA Schonberger, LB Belay, ED AF Maddox, Ryan A. Holman, Robert C. Folkenna, Arianne M. Minino, Arialdi M. Hammett, Teresa A. Schonberger, Lawrence B. Belay, Ernnias D. TI Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease Among Hispanics in the United States, 1997-2008 SO PRION LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Maddox, Ryan A.; Holman, Robert C.; Folkenna, Arianne M.; Hammett, Teresa A.; Schonberger, Lawrence B.; Belay, Ernnias D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Zoonot & Emerging Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Minino, Arialdi M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. EM rmaddox@cdc.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LANDES BIOSCIENCE PI AUSTIN PA 1806 RIO GRANDE ST, AUSTIN, TX 78702 USA SN 1933-6896 EI 1933-690X J9 PRION JI Prion PD APR-JUN PY 2011 VL 5 SU S MA Risk.27 BP 133 EP 133 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA V34DE UT WOS:000209066300302 ER PT J AU Kojic, EM Cu-Uvin, S Conley, L Bush, T Onyekwuluje, J Swan, DC Unger, ER Henry, K Hammer, JH Overton, ET Darragh, TM Palefsky, JM Vellozzi, C Patel, P Brooks, JT AF Kojic, Erna Milunka Cu-Uvin, Susan Conley, Lois Bush, Tim Onyekwuluje, Juanita Swan, David C. Unger, Elizabeth R. Henry, Keith Hammer, John H. Overton, Edgar T. Darragh, Teresa M. Palefsky, Joel M. Vellozzi, Claudia Patel, Pragna Brooks, John T. TI Human Papillomavirus Infection and Cytologic Abnormalities of the Anus and Cervix Among HIV-Infected Women in the Study to Understand the Natural History of HIV/AIDS in the Era of Effective Therapy (The SUN Study) SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; SQUAMOUS INTRAEPITHELIAL LESIONS; SEROPOSITIVE WOMEN; NEGATIVE WOMEN; UNINFECTED WOMEN; POSITIVE WOMEN; RISK-FACTORS; ANAL CANCER; PREVALENCE AB Background: Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection of the cervix and related abnormal cervical cytology in HIV-infected women has been well described. Little is known about anal HPV infection in HIV-infected women. Methods: The SUN Study is a prospective cohort study of 700 HIV-infected patients including 167 women. At baseline, patients completed a behavioral questionnaire and provided, among other samples, cervical and anal swabs for HPV detection and genotyping and for cytologic examination. Here, we present the available baseline data on the 167 women in the SUN study. Results: Baseline results were available for 120 women (median age: 38 years, 57% non-Hispanic black, median CD4 cell count 444.5 cells/mm(3)), of whom, 77% were taking antiretroviral therapy. The prevalences in the anus and cervix of any HPV were 90% and 83%, respectively (P = 0.039), and of high-risk (HR) types 85% and 70%, respectively, (P = 0.001). There was no significant difference in the prevalences of abnormal cytology between the anus and cervix: 38% and 33%, respectively (P = 0.217). Although the presence of abnormal cervical cytology was associated with the presence of abnormal anal cytology (relative risk: 1.7, P = 0.024), its sensitivity (52.5%) and positive predictive value positive (45.6%) for identifying women with abnormal anal cytology were poor. A history of anal sex was not associated with anal HPV infection or abnormal anal cytology. Conclusions: In this cohort of HIV-infected women, anal HPV infection was more prevalent and diverse than cervical HPV infection. Anal cytologic abnormalities were as prevalent as cervical cytologic abnormalities, and although abnormal cervical cytology was predictive of abnormal anal cytology, results were not highly concordant. These data support the need for studies of anal cytologic screening of HIV-infected women. C1 [Kojic, Erna Milunka; Cu-Uvin, Susan] Brown Univ, Miriam Hosp, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis,Alpert Med Sch, Providence, RI 02906 USA. [Conley, Lois; Bush, Tim; Vellozzi, Claudia; Patel, Pragna; Brooks, John T.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Onyekwuluje, Juanita; Swan, David C.; Unger, Elizabeth R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Henry, Keith] Hennepin Cty Med Ctr, Minneapolis, MN 55415 USA. [Hammer, John H.] Denver Infect Dis Consultants, Rose Med Ctr, Denver, CO USA. [Overton, Edgar T.] Washington Univ, Sch Med, Div Infect Dis, St Louis, MO 63110 USA. [Darragh, Teresa M.; Palefsky, Joel M.] Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. RP Kojic, EM (reprint author), Brown Univ, Miriam Hosp, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis,Alpert Med Sch, 164 Summit Ave, Providence, RI 02906 USA. EM ekojic@lifespan.org OI Unger, Elizabeth/0000-0002-2925-5635 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [200-2002-00610, 200-2002-00611, 200-2002-00612, 200-2002-00613, 200-2007-23633, 200-2007-23634, 200-2007-23635, 200-2007-23636]; Bristol Myers Squibb; Hologic; Abbott; Gilead; Bavarian Nordic; Glaxo-Smith-Kline; Boehringer Ingelheim; Tibotec; Bristol-Myers-Squibb; GSK; Serono; Thera; Pfizer; Centers for Disease Control; NIH (NIAID) FX Supported by Centers for Disease Control and Prevention contract numbers 200-2002-00610, 200-2002-00611, 200-2002-00612, 200-2002-00613, 200-2007-23633, 200-2007-23634, 200-2007-23635, and 200-2007-23636.; Research support from Bristol Myers Squibb and is on a Speakers Bureau with Boehringer Ingelheim (to S. C. U.); and from Hologic (supplies, Slide adjudication panel, advisory board) (to T. M. D.). E. T. O. has received research support from the following companies: Abbott, Gilead, Bavarian Nordic, Glaxo-Smith-Kline, Boehringer Ingelheim, and Tibotec.; K. H. has the following disclosures: Research Support: Bristol-Myers-Squibb, Tibotec, GSK, Serono, Thera, and Pfizer, Centers for Disease Control, and NIH (NIAID). Speakers Bureau: Glaxo-Smith-Kline, Bristol-Myers-Squibb, Roche, and Gilead, Pfizer, and Tibotec. Honorarium: Glaxo-Smith-Kline, Bristol-Myers-Squibb, Roche, and Gilead, Pfizer, and Tibotec. Consultant: GSK, BMS, and Gilead. Stock Ownership: None. NR 43 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0148-5717 J9 SEX TRANSM DIS JI Sex. Transm. Dis. PD APR PY 2011 VL 38 IS 4 BP 253 EP 259 DI 10.1097/OLQ.0b013e3181f70253 PG 7 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 734VM UT WOS:000288368100002 PM 20966828 ER PT J AU Gindi, RM Sifakis, F Sherman, SG Towe, VL Flynn, C Zenilman, JM AF Gindi, Renee M. Sifakis, Frangiscos Sherman, Susan G. Towe, Vivian L. Flynn, Colin Zenilman, Jonathan M. TI The Geography of Heterosexual Partnerships in Baltimore City Adults SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES LA English DT Article ID SEXUALLY-TRANSMITTED-DISEASES; UNITED-STATES; MIXING PATTERNS; AMERICAN ADOLESCENTS; AFRICAN-AMERICANS; HIV-INFECTION; HIGH-RISK; PREVALENCE; GONORRHEA; DISPARITIES AB Background: Human immunodeficiency virus/sexually transmitted disease (HIV/STD) risk is determined in part by sexual network characteristics, which include spatial parameters. Geography and proximity of partner selection are important factors, which may explain neighborhood-level differences in HIV/STD morbidity. To study the effects of neighborhood factors on HIV/STD transmission in high-density urban areas, the geography of partner selection must be understood. Methods: The Baltimore site of the National HIV Behavioral Surveillance system surveyed adults reporting one or more heterosexual partnerships. Spatial assortativity was defined as both partners residing in the same or adjacent census tracts and based on participant report. HIV core areas were defined as the census tracts in the top quartile for standardized HIV/AIDS case rates. Results: Participants (n = 307) provided data on 776 recent sexual partnerships, and geographic information were obtained for 510 partnerships (66%). Almost half (47%) reported choosing spatially assortative partners. Participants who lived in high HIV-prevalence areas were more likely to choose spatially assortative partners than residents of lower prevalence areas after adjusting for partnership type, gender, and number of partners. Although this population exhibited assortative mixing in all types of partnerships, racial and age assortativities were not associated with choosing spatially assortative partners. Conclusions: Over 15 years ago, STD clinic patients in Baltimore were found to seek partners within close proximity. We confirm these results in a non-STD clinic population, indicating a continuing need for neighborhood approaches to intervention programs in urban areas. C1 [Gindi, Renee M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. [Sifakis, Frangiscos; Sherman, Susan G.; Towe, Vivian L.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Baltimore, MD USA. [Flynn, Colin] Off AIDS Adm, Maryland Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, Baltimore, MD USA. [Zenilman, Jonathan M.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Div Infect Dis, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. RP Gindi, RM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, 3311 Toledo Rd,Room 2118,MS P08, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. EM rgindi@cdc.gov FU National Institutes of Mental Health [F31 MH080625-01]; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [PS-964-01] FX Supported by the National Institutes of Mental Health (F31 MH080625-01) (to R. G.). The parent study was supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (grant PS-964-01). NR 50 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 2 U2 10 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0148-5717 J9 SEX TRANSM DIS JI Sex. Transm. Dis. PD APR PY 2011 VL 38 IS 4 BP 260 EP 266 DI 10.1097/OLQ.0b013e3181f7d7f4 PG 7 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 734VM UT WOS:000288368100003 PM 20966827 ER PT J AU Gallo, MF Jamieson, DJ Cu-Uvin, S Rompalo, A Klein, RS Sobel, JD AF Gallo, Maria F. Jamieson, Denise J. Cu-Uvin, Susan Rompalo, Anne Klein, Robert S. Sobel, Jack D. TI Accuracy of Clinical Diagnosis of Bacterial Vaginosis by Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infection Status SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES LA English DT Article ID FEMALE GENITAL-TRACT; EPIDEMIOLOGY RESEARCH; KENYAN WOMEN; GRAM STAIN; HIV; ACQUISITION; TYPE-1; RISK; ASSOCIATION; EXPRESSION AB Objective: To assess the accuracy of clinical diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis (BV) by using Amsel criteria, overall and by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection status. Methods: Women with HIV, or at risk for HIV, participated in the HIV Epidemiology Research Study, a prospective study conducted in 4 US sites. At enrollment and follow-up visits, scheduled at 6-month intervals for <= 5 years, participants received gynecologic examinations, had specimens collected, and underwent standardized interviews. We used McNemar test statistic to evaluate agreement between Amsel criteria and Nugent scoring. Using Nugent scoring as the reference standard, we calculated sensitivity and specificity for Amsel criteria and for 3 other classifications of clinical BV. Our results are based on data collected from 9140 study visits by 862 HIV-infected women and 421 HIV-uninfected women. Results: Amsel criteria and Nugent scoring did not agree in the classification of BV cases (P < 0.01). Amsel criteria had poor sensitivity (60%; 95% confidence interval, 58%-61%) and specificity (90%; 95% confidence interval, 89%-91%) with wide differences in test properties by study site. We found no differences in diagnosing BV by HIV infection status. Conclusions: The under-and overdiagnosing of BV clinically suggests that the accuracy of Amsel criteria for routine screening of asymptomatic women might be lower than previous estimates; that clinicians need more rigorous training to apply subjective Amsel criteria accurately; or that wide heterogeneity in cases might prevent agreement between clinical and laboratory diagnoses, with future research needed to better understand the criteria or morphotypes associated with specific adverse outcomes. C1 [Gallo, Maria F.; Jamieson, Denise J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Cu-Uvin, Susan] Brown Univ, Sch Med, Providence, RI 02912 USA. [Rompalo, Anne] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Baltimore, MD USA. [Klein, Robert S.] Mt Sinai Sch Med, New York, NY USA. [Sobel, Jack D.] Wayne State Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Detroit, MI 48201 USA. RP Gallo, MF (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, 4770 Buford Highway,Mail Stop K-34, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM mgallo@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [U64/CCU106795, U64/CCU206798, U64/CCU306802, U64/CCU506831] FX Supported by cooperative agreement Nos. U64/CCU106795, U64/CCU206798, U64/CCU306802, and U64/CCU506831 with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 30 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0148-5717 J9 SEX TRANSM DIS JI Sex. Transm. Dis. PD APR PY 2011 VL 38 IS 4 BP 270 EP 274 DI 10.1097/OLQ.0b013e3181fce4eb PG 5 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 734VM UT WOS:000288368100005 PM 21042232 ER PT J AU Habel, MA Hood, J Desai, S Kachur, R Buhi, ER Liddon, N AF Habel, Melissa A. Hood, Julia Desai, Sheila Kachur, Rachel Buhi, Eric R. Liddon, Nicole TI Google It: Obtaining Information About Local STD/HIV Testing Services Online SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES LA English DT Article ID HEALTH INFORMATION; INTERNET; SEARCH; WEB AB Background: Although the Internet is one of the most commonly accessed resources for health information, finding information on local sexual health services, such as sexually transmitted disease (STD) testing, can be challenging. Recognizing that most quests for online health information begin with search engines, the purpose of this exploratory study was to examine the extent to which online information about local STD/HIV testing services can be found using Google. Methods: Queries on STD and HIV testing services were executed in Google for 6 geographically unique locations across the United States. The first 3 websites that resulted from each query were coded for the following characteristics: (1) relevancy to the search topic, (2) domain and purpose, (3) rank in Google results, and (4) content. Results: Websites hosted at. com (57.3%),. org (25.7%), and. gov (10.5%) domains were retrieved most frequently. Roughly half of all websites (n = 376) provided information relevant to the query, and about three-quarters (77.0%) of all queries yielded at least 1 relevant website within the first 3 results. Searches for larger cities were more likely to yield relevant results compared with smaller cities (odds ratio [OR] = 10.0, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 5.6, 17.9). On comparison with. com domains,. gov (OR = 2.9, 95% CI = 1.4, 5.6) and. org domains (OR = 2.9, 95% CI = 1.7, 4.8) were more likely to provide information of the location to get tested. Discussion: Ease of online access to information about sexual health services varies by search topic and locale. Sexual health service providers must optimize their website placement so as to reach a greater proportion of the sexually active population who use web search engines. C1 [Habel, Melissa A.; Hood, Julia; Desai, Sheila; Kachur, Rachel; Liddon, Nicole] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Buhi, Eric R.] Univ S Florida, Coll Publ Hlth, Tampa, FL USA. RP Habel, MA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Mail Stop E-44, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM mhabel@cdc.gov RI Buhi, Eric/C-5106-2011 NR 22 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 4 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0148-5717 J9 SEX TRANSM DIS JI Sex. Transm. Dis. PD APR PY 2011 VL 38 IS 4 BP 334 EP 338 DI 10.1097/OLQ.0b013e3181fe64f2 PG 5 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 734VM UT WOS:000288368100017 PM 21099732 ER PT J AU Hoerger, TJ Ekwueme, DU Miller, JW Uzunangelov, V Hall, IJ Segel, J Royalty, J Gardner, JG Smith, JL Li, CY AF Hoerger, Thomas J. Ekwueme, Donatus U. Miller, Jacqueline W. Uzunangelov, Vladislav Hall, Ingrid J. Segel, Joel Royalty, Janet Gardner, James G. Smith, Judith Lee Li, Chunyu TI Estimated Effects of the National Breast and Cervical Cancer Early Detection Program on Breast Cancer Mortality SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID SERVICES TASK-FORCE; UNITED-STATES; UNINSURED WOMEN; LOW-INCOME; MAMMOGRAPHY; INTERVENTIONS; UPDATE; IMPACT; RATES; MODEL AB Background: The National Breast and Cervical Cancer Early Detection Program (NBCCEDP) provides breast cancer screening to medically underserved, low-income women aged 40-64 years. No study has evaluated NBCCEDP's effect on breast cancer mortality. Purpose: This study estimates life-years saved by NBCCEDP breast cancer screening compared with screening in the absence of NBCCEDP and with no screening. Methods: Abreast cancer simulation model based on existing Cancer Intervention and Surveillance Modeling Network models was constructed. The screening module from these models was modified to reflect screening frequency for NBCCEDP participants. Screening data for uninsured women represented what would have happened without the program. Separate simulations were performed for women who received NBCCEDP (Program) screening, women who potentially received screening without the program (No Program), and women who received no screening (No Screening). The impact of NBCCEDP was estimated as the difference in life-years between the Program and No Program, and the Program and No Screening scenarios. The analysis was performed in 2008-2009. Results: Among 1.8 million women who were screened between 1991 and 2006, the Program saved 100,800 life-years compared with No Program and 369,000 life-years compared with No Screening. Per woman screened, the Program saved 0.056 life-years (95% CI=0.031, 0.081) compared with No Program and 0.206 life-years (95% CI=0.177, 0.234) compared with No Screening. Per woman with invasive breast cancer and screen-detected invasive cancer, the Program saved 0.41 and 0.71 life-years, respectively, compared with No Program. Conclusions: These estimates suggest that NBCCEDP breast cancer screening has reduced mortality among medically uninsured and underinsured low-income women. (Am J Prev Med 2011;40(4):397-404) Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of American Journal of Preventive Medicine C1 [Ekwueme, Donatus U.; Miller, Jacqueline W.; Hall, Ingrid J.; Royalty, Janet; Gardner, James G.; Smith, Judith Lee; Li, Chunyu] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Hoerger, Thomas J.; Uzunangelov, Vladislav; Segel, Joel] Res Triangle Inst Int, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. RP Ekwueme, DU (reprint author), CDC, 4770 Buford Highway,MSK-55, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM dce3@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) [200-2002-00575] FX This research was supported by funding (Contract #200-2002-00575) from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). NR 29 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 1 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD APR PY 2011 VL 40 IS 4 BP 397 EP 404 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2010.12.017 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 734FN UT WOS:000288319700001 PM 21406272 ER PT J AU Eaton, DK Lowry, R Brener, ND Kann, L Romero, L Wechsler, H AF Eaton, Danice K. Lowry, Richard Brener, Nancy D. Kann, Laura Romero, Lisa Wechsler, Howell TI Trends in Human Immunodeficiency Virus- and Sexually Transmitted Disease-Related Risk Behaviors Among US High School Students, 1991-2009 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID YOUTH; PROGRAMS; HEALTH AB Background: People who engage in unprotected sexual intercourse or use injection drugs are at increased risk for HIV infection and sexually transmitted diseases (STDs). Monitoring changes in behaviors over time can provide information about the effectiveness of new policies and programs. Purpose: To measure trends in HIV- and STD-related risk behaviors among high school students in the U.S. during 1991-2009. Methods: Nationally representative data from the 1991-2009 biennial national Youth Risk Behavior Surveys were analyzed to describe trends in HIV- and STD-related risk behaviors. For each cross-sectional national survey, students completed anonymous, self-administered questionnaires assessing risk behavior participation. This study was approved by the CDC IRB, and parental permission was obtained. To assess the significance of time trends for each behavior, logistic regression analyses were conducted that controlled for gender, grade, and race/ethnicity and simultaneously assessed linear and quadratic effects. Data were analyzed in 2010. Results: During 1991-2009, decreases were observed in the percentage of U.S. high school students who ever had sexual intercourse, had multiple sex partners, and who were currently sexually active. The prevalence of condom use increased during 1991-2003 and then leveled off during 2003-2009. However, these changes in risk behaviors were not observed in some gender and racial/ethnic subgroups. Conclusions: Additional efforts to reduce HIV- and STD-related risk behaviors, particularly among black and Hispanic students, must be implemented to decrease rates of HIV infection and STDs. (Am J Prev Med 2011;40(4):427-433) Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of American Journal of Preventive Medicine C1 [Eaton, Danice K.; Lowry, Richard; Brener, Nancy D.; Kann, Laura; Romero, Lisa; Wechsler, Howell] CDC, Div Adolescent & Sch Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Eaton, DK (reprint author), 4770 Buford Highway NE,MS K-33, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM Deaton@cdc.gov NR 14 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD APR PY 2011 VL 40 IS 4 BP 427 EP 433 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2010.12.010 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 734FN UT WOS:000288319700005 PM 21406276 ER PT J AU Barker, LE Kirtland, KA Gregg, EW Geiss, LS Thompson, TJ AF Barker, Lawrence E. Kirtland, Karen A. Gregg, Edward W. Geiss, Linda S. Thompson, Theodore J. TI Geographic Distribution of Diagnosed Diabetes in the US A Diabetes Belt SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; MORTALITY; STROKE AB Background: The American "stroke belt" has contributed to the study of stroke. However, U.S. geographic patterns of diabetes have not been as specifically characterized. Purpose: This study identifies a geographically coherent region of the U.S. where the prevalence of diagnosed diabetes is especially high, called the "diabetes belt." Methods: In 2010, data from the 2007 and 2008 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System were combined with county-level diagnosed diabetes prevalence estimates. Counties in close proximity with an estimated prevalence of diagnosed diabetes >= 11.0% were considered to define the diabetes belt. Prevalence of risk factors in the diabetes belt was compared to that in the rest of the U.S. The fraction of the excess risk associated with living in the diabetes belt associated with selected risk factors, both modifiable (sedentary lifestyle, obesity) and nonmodifiable (age, gender, race/ethnicity, education), was calculated. Results: A diabetes belt consisting of 644 counties in 15 mostly southern states was identified. People in the diabetes belt were more likely to be non-Hispanic African-American, lead a sedentary lifestyle, and be obese than in the rest of the U.S. Thirty percent of the excess risk was associated with modifiable risk factors, and 37% with nonmodifiable factors. Conclusions: Nearly one third of the difference in diabetes prevalence between the diabetes belt and the rest of the U.S. is associated with sedentary lifestyle and obesity. Culturally appropriate interventions aimed at decreasing obesity and sedentary lifestyle in counties within the diabetes belt should be considered. (Am J Prev Med 2011;40(4):434-439) Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of American Journal of Preventive Medicine C1 [Barker, Lawrence E.; Kirtland, Karen A.; Gregg, Edward W.; Geiss, Linda S.; Thompson, Theodore J.] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Barker, LE (reprint author), CDC, 2877 Brandywine Rd,Mailstop K-10, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM lsb8@cdc.gov NR 11 TC 66 Z9 67 U1 2 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD APR PY 2011 VL 40 IS 4 BP 434 EP 439 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2010.12.019 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 734FN UT WOS:000288319700006 PM 21406277 ER PT J AU Chavez, PR Nelson, DE Naimi, TS Brewer, RD AF Chavez, Pollyanna R. Nelson, David E. Naimi, Timothy S. Brewer, Robert D. TI Impact of a New Gender-Specific Definition for Binge Drinking on Prevalence Estimates for Women SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID EXCESSIVE ALCOHOL-CONSUMPTION; HIGH-SCHOOL-STUDENTS; ADULTS; STATES; HARMS AB Background: Binge drinking accounts for more than half of the 79,000 deaths due to excessive drinking in the U.S. each year. In 2006, the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) lowered the threshold for defining binge drinking among women from >= 5 drinks to >= 4 drinks per occasion, in accordance with national recommendations. Purpose: To assess changes in binge-drinking prevalence among women. Methods: The relative and absolute change in binge drinking among U.S. adult women was assessed using pooled BRFSS data from the 2 years before (2004-2005) and after (2006-2007) the implementation of the new gender-specific definition. Analyses were conducted in 2008-2009. Results: Binge-drinking prevalence among women increased 2.6 percentage points (from 7.3% in 2004-2005 to 9.9% in 2006-2007), a 35.6% relative increase. The percentage of women who reported consuming exactly 4 drinks in 2006 (3.6%) was similar to the increase in the prevalence of binge drinking among women that was observed from 2005 to 2006 (absolute change=2.9 percentage points). Conclusions: The new gender-specific definition of binge drinking significantly increased the identification of women drinking at dangerous levels. The change in prevalence among women was primarily due to the change in the definition and not to actual changes in drinking behavior. The new gender-specific definition of binge drinking can increase the usefulness of this measure for public health surveillance and support the planning and implementation of effective prevention strategies (e.g., increasing alcohol excise taxes). (Am J Prev Med 2011;40(4):468-471) Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of American Journal of Preventive Medicine C1 [Nelson, David E.] NCI, Canc Prevent Fellowship Program, Ctr Canc Training, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Chavez, Pollyanna R.; Brewer, Robert D.] CDC, Alcohol Program, Emerging Invest & Analyt Methods Branch, Div Adult & Community Hlth,Natl Ctr Chron Dis Pre, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Naimi, Timothy S.] Boston Univ, Sch Med, Gen Internal Med Sect, Boston, MA 02118 USA. RP Nelson, DE (reprint author), NCI, Canc Prevent Fellowship Program, Ctr Canc Training, NIH, 6120 Execut Blvd,EPS Bldg,Suite 150E, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM nelsonde@mail.nih.gov FU Intramural NIH HHS [Z99 CA999999] NR 19 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD APR PY 2011 VL 40 IS 4 BP 468 EP 471 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2010.12.008 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 734FN UT WOS:000288319700011 PM 21406282 ER PT J AU Khoury, MJ Bowen, MS Burke, W Coates, RJ Dowling, NF Evans, JP Reyes, M St Pierre, J AF Khoury, Muin J. Bowen, Michael S. Burke, Wylie Coates, Ralph J. Dowling, Nicole F. Evans, James P. Reyes, Michele St Pierre, Jeannette TI Current Priorities for Public Health Practice in Addressing the Role of Human Genomics in Improving Population Health SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID GENETIC TESTING STRATEGIES; EGAPP WORKING GROUP; DISEASE PREVENTION; FAMILY-HISTORY; UNITED-STATES; COLORECTAL-CANCER; LYNCH SYNDROME; MEDICINE; HYPERCHOLESTEROLEMIA; RECOMMENDATIONS AB In spite of accelerating human genome discoveries in a wide variety of diseases of public health significance, the promise of personalized health care and disease prevention based on genomics has lagged behind. In a time of limited resources, public health agencies must continue to focus on implementing programs that can improve health and prevent disease now. Nevertheless, public health has an important and assertive leadership role in addressing the promise and pitfalls of human genomics for population health. Such efforts are needed not only to implement what is known in genomics to improve health but also to reduce potential harm and create the infrastructure needed to derive health benefits in the future. (Am J Prev Med 2011;40(4):486-493) (C) 2011 Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of American Journal of Preventive Medicine. C1 [Khoury, Muin J.; Bowen, Michael S.; Coates, Ralph J.; Dowling, Nicole F.; Reyes, Michele; St Pierre, Jeannette] CDC, Off Publ Hlth Genom, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Khoury, Muin J.] NCI, Div Canc Control & Populat Sci, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Burke, Wylie] Univ Washington, Dept Bioeth & Humanities, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Evans, James P.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Genet, Chapel Hill, NC USA. RP Khoury, MJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Publ Hlth Genom, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM muk1@cdc.gov NR 59 TC 30 Z9 31 U1 1 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD APR PY 2011 VL 40 IS 4 BP 486 EP 493 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2010.12.009 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 734FN UT WOS:000288319700014 PM 21406285 ER PT J AU Lee, R Ranaldi, J Cummings, M Crucetti, JB Stratton, H McNutt, LA AF Lee, Robin Ranaldi, Jennifer Cummings, Michelle Crucetti, James B. Stratton, Howard McNutt, Louise-Anne TI Given the Increasing Bias in Random Digit Dial Sampling, Could Respondent-Driven Sampling be a Practical Alternative? SO ANNALS OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System; Epidemiologic Methods; Feasibility Studies; Health Surveys; Humans; Sampling Studies; Telephone; United States ID HIDDEN POPULATIONS; TELEPHONE SURVEY; SURVEILLANCE; VIOLENCE; FUTURE; USERS AB PURPOSE: Increasing cellular phone service and nonresponse are causing random digit dial (RDD) users to search for alternative ways of sampling geographically large populations. This study evaluated the feasibility and utility in using a modified version of respondent-driven sampling (RDS) as an alternative method. METHODS: Using RDS, 469 residents of Albany County, New York were enrolled into a telephone-based health survey. Participants answered health and RDS feasibility questions. Results were compared to a previously collected RDD sample and census data. RESULTS: Participation was high (81.4%) and participants referred at least one peer 65.9% of the time. The RDS method produced a more ethnically diverse sample, otherwise respondent demographics were similar to the RDD sample. The most common reason for participating (51.9%) was because a peer told them about the study; 44.9% would not have participated in an RDD study. Persons not willing to participate in a RDD study reported being less healthy and less likely to participate in healthy activities (e.g., have a physical exam in the past 24 months). CONCLUSIONS: Although more research is needed, RDS methods may be developed into a viable alternative for collecting health data from large general populations. Ann Epidemiol 2011;21:272-279. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Lee, Robin; Ranaldi, Jennifer; Cummings, Michelle; Stratton, Howard; McNutt, Louise-Anne] SUNY Albany, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, Rensselaer, NY USA. [Crucetti, James B.] Albany Cty Hlth Dept, Albany, NY USA. RP Lee, R (reprint author), CDC, ATSDR, Div Hlth Studies, 4770 Buford Highway,MS F-57, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM RPL5@cdc.gov NR 28 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1047-2797 J9 ANN EPIDEMIOL JI Ann. Epidemiol. PD APR PY 2011 VL 21 IS 4 BP 272 EP 279 DI 10.1016/j.annepidem.2010.11.018 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 733WT UT WOS:000288295900006 PM 21376274 ER PT J AU Buckton, AJ Prabhu, D Motamed, C Harris, RJ Hill, C Murphy, G Parry, JV Johnson, JA Lowndes, CM Gill, N Pillay, D Cane, PA AF Buckton, A. J. Prabhu, D. Motamed, C. Harris, R. J. Hill, C. Murphy, G. Parry, J. V. Johnson, J. A. Lowndes, C. M. Gill, N. Pillay, D. Cane, P. A. TI Increased detection of the HIV-1 reverse transcriptase M184V mutation using mutation-specific minority assays in a UK surveillance study suggests evidence of unrecognized transmitted drug resistance SO HIV MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE drug resistance; HIV-1; minority-specific polymerase chain reaction; surveillance ID UNITED-KINGDOM; THERAPY; TRANSMISSION AB Objectives The aim of the study was to estimate the levels of transmitted drug resistance (TDR) in HIV-1 using very sensitive assays to detect minority drug-resistant populations. Methods We tested unlinked anonymous serum specimens from sexual health clinic attendees, who had not received an HIV diagnosis at the time of sampling, by both standard genotyping and using minority detection assays. Results By standard genotyping, 21 of 165 specimens (12.7%) showed evidence of drug resistance, while, using a combination of standard genotyping and minority mutation assays targeting three commonly observed drug resistance mutations which cause high-level resistance to commonly prescribed first-line antiretroviral therapy (ART), this rose to 32 of 165 (19.4%). This increase of 45% in drug resistance levels [95% confidence interval (CI) 15.2-83.7%; P=0.002] was statistically significant. Almost all of this increase was accounted for by additional detections of the M184V mutation. Conclusions Future surveillance studies of TDR in the United Kingdom should consider combining standard genotyping and minority-specific assays to provide more accurate estimates, particularly when using specimens collected from chronic HIV infections in which TDR variants may have declined to low levels. C1 [Buckton, A. J.; Prabhu, D.; Motamed, C.; Harris, R. J.; Hill, C.; Murphy, G.; Parry, J. V.; Lowndes, C. M.; Gill, N.; Pillay, D.; Cane, P. A.] Hlth Protect Agcy, Ctr Infect, London NW9 5EQ, England. [Johnson, J. A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Pillay, D.] UCL, Dept Infect & Immun, London, England. RP Buckton, AJ (reprint author), Hlth Protect Agcy, Ctr Infect, 61 Colindale Ave, London NW9 5EQ, England. EM andrew.buckton@hpa.org.uk FU Health Protection Agency FX We thank Elaine McKinney for her help with serological incidence testing. The study was funded by a Health Protection Agency research and development grant. NR 17 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1464-2662 J9 HIV MED JI HIV Med. PD APR PY 2011 VL 12 IS 4 BP 250 EP 254 DI 10.1111/j.1468-1293.2010.00882.x PG 5 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 730GB UT WOS:000288020700009 PM 21371237 ER PT J AU Brown, J Stauber, C Murphy, JL Khan, A Mu, T Elliott, M Sobsey, MD AF Brown, J. Stauber, C. Murphy, J. L. Khan, A. Mu, T. Elliott, M. Sobsey, M. D. TI Ambient-temperature incubation for the field detection of Escherichia coli in drinking water SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE drinking water; environmental health; indicators; water quality ID DIARRHEAL DISEASE; DEVELOPING-COUNTRIES; CONTROLLED-TRIAL; QUALITY; COLIFORMS; CAMBODIA; RISK AB Aims: Escherichia coli is the pre-eminent microbiological indicator used to assess safety of drinking water globally. The cost and equipment requirements for processing samples by standard methods may limit the scale of water quality testing in technologically less developed countries and other resource-limited settings, however. We evaluate here the use of ambient-temperature incubation in detection of E. coli in drinking water samples as a potential cost-saving and convenience measure with applications in regions with high (> 25 degrees C) mean ambient temperatures. Methods and Results: This study includes data from three separate water quality assessments: two in Cambodia and one in the Dominican Republic. Field samples of household drinking water were processed in duplicate by membrane filtration (Cambodia), Petrifilm (TM) (Cambodia) or Colilert (R) (Dominican Republic) on selective media at both standard incubation temperature (35-37 degrees C) and ambient temperature, using up to three dilutions and three replicates at each dilution. Matched sample sets were well correlated with 80% of samples (n = 1037) within risk-based microbial count strata (E. coli CFU 100 ml-1 counts of < 1, 1-10, 11-100, 101-1000, > 1000), and a pooled coefficient of variation of 17% (95% CI 15-20%) for paired sample sets across all methods. Conclusions: These results suggest that ambient-temperature incubation of E. coli in at least some settings may yield sufficiently robust data for water safety monitoring where laboratory or incubator access is limited. Significance and Impact of the Study: Ambient-temperature incubation of E. coli may be a promising option for reducing the complexity and costs associated with water safety monitoring for faecal indicator bacteria such as E. coli in a field context in resource-limited settings, as are often encountered in developing countries and after disasters. C1 [Brown, J.] Univ London London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, Dept Dis Control, Fac Infect & Trop Dis, London WC1E 7HT, England. [Brown, J.] Univ Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL USA. [Stauber, C.] Georgia State Univ, Inst Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. [Murphy, J. L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Khan, A.; Mu, T.; Elliott, M.; Sobsey, M. D.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Environm Sci & Engn, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Chapel Hill, NC USA. RP Brown, J (reprint author), Univ London London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, Dept Dis Control, Fac Infect & Trop Dis, Keppel St, London WC1E 7HT, England. EM joe.brown@lshtm.ac.uk RI Elliott, Mark/D-5947-2013 OI Elliott, Mark/0000-0002-7835-0612 FU United States Environmental Protection Agency; USAID FX The authors thank Resource Development International, Cambodia, for donating laboratory space and Douglas Wait of UNC for kind assistance. Special thanks to Sorya Proum, Uon Virak, Lim Kimly, Song Kimsrong, Michelle Molina, Ly Sophanny and Chai Ratana for laboratory assistance in Cambodia. We gratefully acknowledge financial support from the United States Environmental Protection Agency's P3 program and USAID. NR 25 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 14 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1364-5072 EI 1365-2672 J9 J APPL MICROBIOL JI J. Appl. Microbiol. PD APR PY 2011 VL 110 IS 4 BP 915 EP 923 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2672.2011.04940.x PG 9 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 732FE UT WOS:000288169600007 PM 21214694 ER PT J AU Patel, DA Unger, ER Walline, H Opipari, AW Lee, DR Flowers, LC Ruffin, MT AF Patel, Divya A. Unger, Elizabeth R. Walline, Heather Opipari, Anthony W. Lee, Daisy R. Flowers, Lisa C. Ruffin, Mack T. TI Lack of HPV 16 and 18 detection in serum of colposcopy clinic patients SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL VIROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Human papillomavirus; Cervical neoplasias; Screening; Serum; Quantitative polymerase chain reaction; Mass spectroscopy ID HUMAN-PAPILLOMAVIRUS DNA; CERVICAL-CANCER PATIENTS; PLASMA; QUANTITATION; CARCINOMA; BLOOD AB Background: Persistent infection with high-risk human papillomavirus (HPV) types is necessary for the development of high-grade cervical dysplasia and cervical carcinoma. The presence of HPV DNA in the blood of cervical cancer patients has been reported; however, whether HPV DNA is detectable in the blood of patients with pre-invasive cervical disease is unclear. Objectives: The objectives of this study were to determine if HPV 16 and HPV 18 DNA could be detected in the serum of colposcopy clinic patients, and if serum HPV detection was associated with grade of cervical disease and HPV cofactors. Study design: Samples were selected from a biorepository collected from non-pregnant, HIV-negative women ages 18-69 attending colposcopy clinics at two urban public hospitals. Cervical disease status was based on review of colposcopy, biopsy and cytology findings. Serum HPV DNA detection was conducted using a novel PCR and mass spectroscopy-based assay. Results: Of the 116 adequate serum samples, all (100%) were negative for HPV 16 and HPV 18. Over half (51.7%) of participants had cervical HPV 16 and/or HPV 18 infection. Nearly one-third (31.1%) had high grade, 10.3% had low grade, and 50.9% had no cervical disease. Nearly one-third (28.5%) had ever regularly smoked cigarettes, 70.7% had early onset of sexual intercourse, and 75% had ever used oral contraceptives. Conclusions: In this colposcopy clinic population with a range of clinical characteristics and established HPV cofactors, HPV DNA was undetectable in their serum. Our findings suggest that serum HPV DNA detection is not a cervical cancer screening tool. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Patel, Divya A.; Opipari, Anthony W.] Univ Michigan, Womens Hosp L4000, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Unger, Elizabeth R.; Lee, Daisy R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Walline, Heather] Sequenom Ctr Mol Med, Ann Arbor, MI 48105 USA. [Flowers, Lisa C.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Gynecol & Obstet, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. [Ruffin, Mack T.] Univ Michigan, Dept Family Med, Ann Arbor, MI 48104 USA. RP Patel, DA (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Womens Hosp L4000, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, 1500 E Med Ctr Dr, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. EM divya@med.umich.edu OI Ruffin, Mack/0000-0001-8336-478X; Unger, Elizabeth/0000-0002-2925-5635 FU National Cancer Institute (NCI) [K07 CA120040, K24 CA080846]; NCI's Early Detection Research Network through IAA [Y1-CN-5005-01, Y1-CN-0101-01] FX Funding: This work was supported by National Cancer Institute (NCI) grants K07 CA120040 (Patel) and K24 CA080846 (Ruffin), and also by NCI's Early Detection Research Network through IAA Y1-CN-5005-01 and Y1-CN-0101-01. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the funding agencies. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1386-6532 J9 J CLIN VIROL JI J. Clin. Virol. PD APR PY 2011 VL 50 IS 4 BP 342 EP 344 DI 10.1016/j.jcv.2011.01.002 PG 3 WC Virology SC Virology GA 733EK UT WOS:000288244900016 PM 21306941 ER PT J AU Buskirk, AD Hettick, JM Chipinda, I Law, BF Siegel, PD Slaven, JE Green, BJ Beezhold, DH AF Buskirk, Amanda D. Hettick, Justin M. Chipinda, Itai Law, Brandon F. Siegel, Paul D. Slaven, James E. Green, Brett J. Beezhold, Donald H. TI Fungal pigments inhibit the matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry analysis of darkly pigmented fungi SO ANALYTICAL BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Mass spectrometry; MALDI; Fungi; Aspergillus; Fingerprinting; Pigment; Melanin ID DESORPTION-IONIZATION-TIME; MALDI-TOF MS; RAPID IDENTIFICATION; CRYPTOCOCCUS-NEOFORMANS; STAPHYLOCOCCUS-AUREUS; INTACT MICROORGANISMS; SYNTHETIC MELANINS; STRAIN LEVEL; DISCRIMINATION; BACTERIA AB Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) has been used to discriminate moniliaceous fungal species; however, darkly pigmented fungi yield poor fingerprint mass spectra that contain few peaks of low relative abundance. In this study, the effect of dark fungal pigments on the observed MALDI mass spectra was investigated. Peptide and protein samples containing varying concentrations of synthetic melanin or fungal pigments extracted from Aspergillus niger were analyzed by MALDI-TOF and MALDI-qTOF (quadrupole TOF) MS. Signal suppression was observed in samples containing greater than 250 ng/mu l pigment. Microscopic examination of the MALDI sample deposit was usually heterogeneous, with regions of high pigment concentration appearing as black. Acquisition of MALDI mass spectra from these darkly pigmented regions of the sample deposit yielded poor or no [M+H](+) ion signal. In contrast, nonpigmented regions within the sample deposit and hyphal negative control extracts of A. niger were not inhibited. This study demonstrated that dark fungal pigments inhibited the desorption/ionization process during MALDI-MS; however, these fungi may be successfully analyzed by MALDI-TOF MS when culture methods that suppress pigment expression are used. The addition of tricyclazole to the fungal growth media blocks fungal melanin synthesis and results in less melanized fungi that may be analyzed by MALDI-TOF MS. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Buskirk, Amanda D.; Hettick, Justin M.; Chipinda, Itai; Law, Brandon F.; Siegel, Paul D.; Green, Brett J.; Beezhold, Donald H.] NIOSH, Allergy & Clin Immunol Branch, Hlth Effects Lab Div, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Buskirk, Amanda D.] W Virginia Univ, Sch Med, Dept Microbiol Immunol & Cell Biol, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. [Slaven, James E.] NIOSH, Biostat & Epidemiol Branch, Hlth Effects Lab Div, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. RP Beezhold, DH (reprint author), NIOSH, Allergy & Clin Immunol Branch, Hlth Effects Lab Div, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM DBeezhold@cdc.gov RI Hettick, Justin/E-9955-2010 FU National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences [Y1-ES0001-06] FX The authors thank Diane Schwegler-Berry for help with the preparation and analysis with FESEM. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. This work was supported in part by an interagency agreement with the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (Y1-ES0001-06). NR 33 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 23 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0003-2697 J9 ANAL BIOCHEM JI Anal. Biochem. PD APR 1 PY 2011 VL 411 IS 1 BP 122 EP 128 DI 10.1016/j.ab.2010.11.025 PG 7 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 725AZ UT WOS:000287618900017 PM 21094115 ER PT J AU Adekambi, T Butler, RW Hanrahan, F Delcher, AL Drancourt, M Shinnick, TM AF Adekambi, Toidi Butler, Ray W. Hanrahan, Finnian Delcher, Arthur L. Drancourt, Michel Shinnick, Thomas M. TI Core Gene Set As the Basis of Multilocus Sequence Analysis of the Subclass Actinobacteridae SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID 16S RIBOSOMAL-RNA; ET-AL. 2000; SP-NOV.; EMENDED DESCRIPTION; PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS; MOLECULAR PHYLOGENY; SPECIES DEFINITION; COMB-NOV; EVOLUTION; MYCOBACTERIUM AB Comparative genomic sequencing is shedding new light on bacterial identification, taxonomy and phylogeny. An in silico assessment of a core gene set necessary for cellular functioning was made to determine a consensus set of genes that would be useful for the identification, taxonomy and phylogeny of the species belonging to the subclass Actinobacteridae which contained two orders Actinomycetales and Bifidobacteriales. The subclass Actinobacteridae comprised about 85% of the actinobacteria families. The following recommended criteria were used to establish a comprehensive gene set; the gene should (i) be long enough to contain phylogenetically useful information, (ii) not be subject to horizontal gene transfer, (iii) be a single copy (iv) have at least two regions sufficiently conserved that allow the design of amplification and sequencing primers and (v) predict whole-genome relationships. We applied these constraints to 50 different Actinobacteridae genomes and made 1,224 pairwise comparisons of the genome conserved regions and gene fragments obtained by using Sequence VARiability Analysis Program (SVARAP), which allow designing the primers. Following a comparative statistical modeling phase, 3 gene fragments were selected, ychF, rpoB, and secY with R(2)> 0.85. Selected sets of broad range primers were tested from the 3 gene fragments and were demonstrated to be useful for amplification and sequencing of 25 species belonging to 9 genera of Actinobacteridae. The intraspecies similarities were 96.3-100% for ychF, 97.8-100% for rpoB and 96.9-100% for secY among 73 strains belonging to 15 species of the subclass Actinobacteridae compare to 99.4-100% for 16S rRNA. The phylogenetic topology obtained from the combined datasets ychF+rpoB+secY was globally similar to that inferred from the 16S rRNA but with higher confidence. It was concluded that multi-locus sequence analysis using core gene set might represent the first consensus and valid approach for investigating the bacterial identification, phylogeny and taxonomy. C1 [Adekambi, Toidi; Butler, Ray W.; Shinnick, Thomas M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mycobacteriol Lab Branch, Div TB Eliminat, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Hanrahan, Finnian; Delcher, Arthur L.] Univ Maryland, Ctr Bioinformat & Computat Biol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Drancourt, Michel] Univ Aix Marseille 2, Unite Rech Malad Infect & Trop Emergentes, CNRS, UMR 6236,IRD 198,IFR 48,Fac Med, Marseille, France. RP Adekambi, T (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mycobacteriol Lab Branch, Div TB Eliminat, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM tadekambi@gmail.com FU ASM/CCID FX Toidi Adekambi was supported by ASM/CCID postdoctoral fellowship. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 65 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 2 U2 12 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD MAR 31 PY 2011 VL 6 IS 3 AR e14792 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0014792 PG 10 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 743YU UT WOS:000289057200003 PM 21483493 ER PT J AU Sandison, TG Homsy, J Arinaitwe, E Wanzira, H Kakuru, A Bigira, V Kalamya, J Vora, N Kublin, J Kamya, MR Dorsey, G Tappero, JW AF Sandison, Taylor G. Homsy, Jaco Arinaitwe, Emmanuel Wanzira, Humphrey Kakuru, Abel Bigira, Victor Kalamya, Julius Vora, Neil Kublin, James Kamya, Moses R. Dorsey, Grant Tappero, Jordan W. TI Protective efficacy of co-trimoxazole prophylaxis against malaria in HIV exposed children in rural Uganda: a randomised clinical trial SO BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID TRIMETHOPRIM-SULFAMETHOXAZOLE PROPHYLAXIS; FALCIPARUM DIHYDROFOLATE-REDUCTASE; INSECTICIDE-TREATED BEDNETS; POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM; SULFADOXINE-PYRIMETHAMINE; DIHYDROPTEROATE SYNTHASE; ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; HIV-1-INFECTED ADULTS; MOZAMBICAN CHILDREN AB Objective To evaluate the protective efficacy of co-trimoxazole prophylaxis against malaria in HIV exposed children (uninfected children born to HIV infected mothers) in Africa. Design Non-blinded randomised control trial Setting Tororo district, rural Uganda, an area of high malaria transmission intensity Participants 203 breastfeeding HIV exposed infants enrolled between 6 weeks and 9 months of age Intervention Co-trimoxazole prophylaxis from enrolment until cessation of breast feeding and confirmation of negative HIV status. All children who remained HIV uninfected (n=185) were then randomised to stop co-trimoxazole prophylaxis immediately or continue co-trimoxazole until 2 years old. Main outcome measure Incidence of malaria, calculated as the number of antimalarial treatments per person year. Results The incidence of malaria and prevalence of genotypic mutations associated with antifolate resistance were high throughout the study. Among the 98 infants randomised to continue co-trimoxazole, 299 malaria cases occurred in 92.28 person years (incidence 3.24 cases/person year). Among the 87 infants randomised to stop co-trimoxazole, 400 malaria cases occurred in 71.81 person years (5.57 cases/person year). Co-trimoxazole prophylaxis yielded a 39% reduction in malaria incidence, after adjustment for age at randomisation (incidence rate ratio 0.61 (95% CI 0.46 to 0.81), P=0.001). There were no significant differences in the incidence of complicated malaria, diarrhoea, pneumonia, hospitalisations, or deaths between the two treatment arms. Conclusions Co-trimoxazole prophylaxis was moderately protective against malaria in HIV exposed infants when continued beyond the period of HIV exposure despite the high prevalence of Plasmodium genotypes associated with antifolate resistance. C1 [Sandison, Taylor G.] Univ Washington, Dept Med, UW FHCRC Clin Res, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Homsy, Jaco] Univ Calif San Francisco, Inst Global Hlth, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Arinaitwe, Emmanuel; Wanzira, Humphrey; Kakuru, Abel; Bigira, Victor] Infect Dis Res Collaborat, Kampala, Uganda. [Kalamya, Julius] Ctr Dis Control Uganda, PMTCT, Entebbe, Uganda. [Vora, Neil; Dorsey, Grant] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Med, San Francisco, CA USA. [Kublin, James] Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr, Vaccine & Infect Dis Inst, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. [Kublin, James] Univ Washington, Dept Global Hlth, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Kamya, Moses R.] Makerere Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Kampala, Uganda. [Tappero, Jordan W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global AIDS Program, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Sandison, TG (reprint author), Univ Washington, Dept Med, UW FHCRC Clin Res, Box 358080, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. EM tgsand@u.washington.edu FU US President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC); National Center for HIV, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention (NCHHSTP); Global AIDS Program (GAP); Doris Duke Charitable Foundation; NIH/NIAID [K23-AI082553] FX Participants in this study were enrolled in programmes supported by the US President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief and by Cooperative Agreement No U62P024421 from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC); National Center for HIV, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention (NCHHSTP); and Global AIDS Program (GAP). Funding was also provided by the Doris Duke Charitable Foundation (GD is a recipient of the Clinical Scientist Development Award, and NV is a recipient of the Clinical Research Fellowship). TS was funded through the Puget Sound Partners in Global Health and NIH/NIAID K23-AI082553. The funders were not involved with study design, data analysis, or manuscript preparation. The contents of the manuscript are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of the CDC or Doris Duke Charitable Foundation. NR 55 TC 44 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 1 PU B M J PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 0959-535X J9 BRIT MED J JI Br. Med. J. PD MAR 31 PY 2011 VL 342 AR d1617 DI 10.1136/bmj.d1617 PG 10 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 745WI UT WOS:000289201600003 PM 21454456 ER PT J AU Fry, AM Lu, XY Olsen, SJ Chittaganpitch, M Sawatwong, P Chantra, S Baggett, HC Erdman, D AF Fry, Alicia M. Lu, Xiaoyan Olsen, Sonja J. Chittaganpitch, Malinee Sawatwong, Pongpun Chantra, Somrak Baggett, Henry C. Erdman, Dean TI Human Rhinovirus Infections in Rural Thailand: Epidemiological Evidence for Rhinovirus as Both Pathogen and Bystander SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; ACUTE RESPIRATORY ILLNESS; CLINICAL SYMPTOMS; VIRAL CULTURE; CHILDREN; ADULTS; PNEUMONIA; VIRUSES; TRACT; SURVEILLANCE AB Background: We describe human rhinovirus (HRV) detections in SaKaeo province, Thailand. Methods: From September 1, 2003-August 31, 2005, we tested hospitalized patients with acute lower respiratory illness and outpatient controls without fever or respiratory symptoms for HRVs with polymerase chain reaction and molecularly-typed select HRVs. We compared HRV detection among hospitalized patients and controls and estimated enrollment adjusted incidence. Results: HRVs were detected in 315 (16%) of 1919 hospitalized patients and 27 (9.6%) of 280 controls. Children had the highest frequency of HRV detections (hospitalized: <1 year: 29%, 1-4 year: 29%, >= 65 years: 9%; controls: <1 year: 24%, 1-4 year: 14%, >= 65 years: 2.8%). Enrollment adjusted hospitalized HRV detection rates were highest among persons aged <1 year (1038/100,000 persons/year), 1-4 years (457), and >= 65 years (71). All three HRV species were identified, HRV-A was the most common species in most age groups including children aged <1 year (61%) and all adult age groups. HRV-C was the most common species in the 1-4 year (51%) and 5-19 year age groups (54%). Compared to controls, hospitalized adults (>= 19 years) and children were more likely to have HRV detections (odds ratio [OR]: 4.8, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.5, 15.8; OR: 2.0, CI: 1.2, 3.3, respectively) and hospitalized children were more likely to have HRV-A (OR 1.7, CI: 0.8, 3.5) or HVR-C (OR 2.7, CI: 1.2, 5.9) detection. Conclusions: HRV rates were high among hospitalized children and the elderly but asymptomatic children also had substantial HRV detection. HRV (all species), and HRV-A and HRV-C detections were epidemiologically-associated with hospitalized illness. Treatment or prevention modalities effective against HRV could reduce hospitalizations due to HRV in Thailand. C1 [Fry, Alicia M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Lu, Xiaoyan; Erdman, Dean] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Olsen, Sonja J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Emerging Infect & Surveillance Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. [Chittaganpitch, Malinee] Thailand Minist Publ Hlth, Natl Inst Hlth, Nonthaburi, Thailand. [Sawatwong, Pongpun; Chantra, Somrak; Baggett, Henry C.] Thai MOPH US CDC Collaborat, Int Emerging Infect Program, Nonthaburi, Thailand. RP Fry, AM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM afry@cdc.gov NR 32 TC 61 Z9 64 U1 0 U2 1 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD MAR 29 PY 2011 VL 6 IS 3 AR e17780 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0017780 PG 7 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 743YC UT WOS:000289054600016 PM 21479259 ER PT J AU Kawahara, T Jackson, HM Smith, SME Simpson, PD Lambeth, JD AF Kawahara, Tsukasa Jackson, Heather M. Smith, Susan M. E. Simpson, Paul D. Lambeth, J. David TI Nox5 Forms a Functional Oligomer Mediated by Self-Association of Its Dehydrogenase Domain SO BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID CHRONIC GRANULOMATOUS-DISEASE; ESOPHAGEAL ADENOCARCINOMA CELLS; PHAGOCYTE NADPH OXIDASE; SMOOTH-MUSCLE-CELLS; AFM IMAGING REVEALS; RADIATION-INACTIVATION; REACTIVE OXYGEN; TETRAMERIC STRUCTURE; ENZYME-SYSTEMS; CI-VSP AB Nox5 belongs to the calcium-regulated subfamily of NADPH oxidases (Nox). Like other calcium-regulated Noxes, Nox5 has an EF-hand-containing calcium-binding domain at its N-terminus, a transmembrane heme-containing region, and a C-terminal dehydrogenase (DH) domain that binds FAD and NADPH. While Nox1-4 require regulatory subunits, including p22phox, Nox5 activity does not depend on any subunits. We found that inactive point mutants and truncated forms of Nox5 (including the naturally expressed splice form, Nox5S) inhibit full-length Nox5, consistent with formation of a dominant negative complex. Oligomerization of full-length Noir5 was demonstrated using co-immunoprecipitation of coexpressed, differentially tagged forms of Nox5 and occurred in a manner independent of calcium ion. Several approaches were used to show that the DH domain mediates oligomerization: Nox5 could be isolated as a multimer when the calcium-binding domain and/or the N-terminal polybasic region (PBR-N) was deleted, but deletion of the DH domain eliminated oligomerization. Further, a chimera containing the transmembrane domain of Ciona intestinalis voltage sensor-containing phosphatase (CiVSP) fused to the Nox5 DH domain formed a co-immunoprecipitating complex with, and functioned as a dominant inhibitor of, full-length Nox5. Radiation inactivation of Nox5 overexpressed in HEK293 cells and endogenously expressed in human aortic smooth muscle cells indicated molecular masses of similar to 350 and similar to 300 kDa, respectively, consistent with a tetramer being the functionally active unit. Thus, Nox5 forms a catalytically active oligomer in the membrane that is mediated by its dehydrogenase domain. As a result of oligomerization, the short, calcium-independent splice form, Nox5S, may function as an endogenous inhibitor of calcium-stimulated ROS generation by full-length Nox5. C1 [Kawahara, Tsukasa; Jackson, Heather M.; Smith, Susan M. E.; Lambeth, J. David] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Simpson, Paul D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Hlth & Safety, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Kawahara, T (reprint author), Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, 615 Michael St,Whitehead Res Bldg 148, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. EM noxdoc@mac.com FU National Institutes of Health [CA084138, CA105116]; EHS [ES011163] FX This work was supported by National Institutes of Health R01 Grants CA084138 and CA105116 and by EHS Program Project Grant ES011163. NR 54 TC 22 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0006-2960 J9 BIOCHEMISTRY-US JI Biochemistry PD MAR 29 PY 2011 VL 50 IS 12 BP 2013 EP 2025 DI 10.1021/bi1020088 PG 13 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 737MS UT WOS:000288573500006 PM 21319793 ER PT J AU Li, CY Ford, ES Zhao, GX Balluz, LS Giles, WH Liu, SM AF Li, Chaoyang Ford, Earl S. Zhao, Guixiang Balluz, Lina S. Giles, Wayne H. Liu, Simin TI Serum alpha-Carotene Concentrations and Risk of Death Among US Adults The Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Follow-up Study SO ARCHIVES OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; BETA-CAROTENE; VEGETABLE CONSUMPTION; PLASMA CAROTENOIDS; DIABETES-MELLITUS; LUNG-CANCER; FRUIT; METAANALYSIS; MORTALITY AB Background: Much research has been conducted relating total carotenoids-and beta-carotene in particular-to risk of cancer and cardiovascular disease (CVD). Limited data are emerging to implicate the important role of alpha-carotene in the development of CVD or cancer. Methods: We assessed the direct relationship between alpha-carotene concentrations and risk of death among 15 318 US adults 20 years and older who participated in the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey Follow-up Study. We used Cox proportional hazard regression analyses to estimate the relative risk for death from all causes and selected causes associated with serum alpha-carotene concentrations. Results: Compared with participants with serum alpha-carotene concentrations of 0 to 1 mu g/dL (to convert to micromoles per liter, multiply by 0.01863), those with higher serum levels had a lower risk of death from all causes (P < .001 for linear trend): the relative risk for death was 0.77 (95% confidence interval, 0.68-0.87) among those with alpha-carotene concentrations of 2 to 3 mu g/dL, 0.73 (0.65-0.83) among those with concentrations of 4 to 5 mu g/dL, 0.66 (0.55-0.79) among those with concentrations of 6 to 8 mu g/dL, and 0.61 (0.51-0.73) among those with concentrations of 9 mu g/dL or higher after adjustment for potential confounding variables. We also found significant associations between serum alpha-carotene concentrations and risk of death from CVD (P = .007), cancer (P = .02), and all other causes (P < .001). The association between serum alpha-carotene concentrations and risk of death from all causes was significant in most subgroups stratified by demographic characteristics, lifestyle habits, and health risk factors. Conclusions: Serum alpha-carotene concentrations were inversely associated with risk of death from all causes, CVD, cancer, and all other causes. These findings support increasing fruit and vegetable consumption as a means of preventing premature death. C1 [Li, Chaoyang; Balluz, Lina S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Behav Surveillance, Off Surveillance Epidemiol & Lab Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Ford, Earl S.; Zhao, Guixiang; Giles, Wayne H.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Liu, Simin] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Epidemiol, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. [Liu, Simin] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Med, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. RP Li, CY (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Behav Surveillance, Off Surveillance Epidemiol & Lab Serv, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS E97, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM cli@cdc.gov RI Liu, Simin/I-3689-2014 OI Liu, Simin/0000-0003-2098-3844 NR 44 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 2 U2 9 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 0003-9926 J9 ARCH INTERN MED JI Arch. Intern. Med. PD MAR 28 PY 2011 VL 171 IS 6 BP 507 EP 515 DI 10.1001/archinternmed.2010.440 PG 9 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 741LB UT WOS:000288864100006 PM 21098341 ER PT J AU Phillips, AN Pillay, D Garnett, G Bennett, D Vitoria, M Cambiano, V Lundgren, J AF Phillips, Andrew N. Pillay, Deenan Garnett, Geoff Bennett, Diane Vitoria, Marco Cambiano, Valentina Lundgren, Jens TI Effect on transmission of HIV-1 resistance of timing of implementation of viral load monitoring to determine switches from first to second-line antiretroviral regimens in resource-limited settings SO AIDS LA English DT Article DE clinical monitoring; drug resistance; models; resource-limited settings; transmission; transmitted drug resistance; treatment monitoring; viral load; virological monitoring ID IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS TYPE-1; TREATMENT FAILURE; POOR SETTINGS; THERAPY; AFRICA; ADULTS; MODEL; TIME; GUIDELINES; INFECTION AB Background: There is concern that antiretroviral therapy (ART) use with only clinical monitoring for failure will result in high rates of transmission of virus with resistance to drugs currently in use. Methods: A stochastic simulation model of transmission of HIV, natural history and the effect of ART, was developed and used to predict the proportion of new infections with resistance according to whether and when viral load monitoring is introduced. Results: In our base model, there was predicted to be 12.4% of new HIV infections with primary antiretroviral resistance in 2020 if clinical monitoring is used throughout, compared with 5.4 and 6.1% if viral load-guided switching (based on viral load measured every 6 months, with switch determined by a value > 500 copies/ml) was introduced in 2010 or 2015, respectively. The death rate for those on ART was lowest when viral load monitoring was used, but the overall death rate in all infected people was higher if viral load monitoring was introduced at the expense of scale-up in HIV diagnosis and ART initiation beyond their 2010 coverage levels (4.7 compared with 3.1 per 100 person-years). Interpretation: To preserve current first-line drugs for the long term there is an eventual need for some form of cheap and practical viral load monitoring in resource-limited settings. However, a delay in introduction of 5 years has limited consequences for resistance transmission so the current priority for countries' ART programmes is to increase HIV testing and provide treatment for all those in need of ART. (c) 2011 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins C1 [Phillips, Andrew N.; Cambiano, Valentina] UCL, Dept Infect & Populat Hlth, HIV Epidemiol & Biostat Grp, London, England. [Pillay, Deenan] UCL, Dept Infect, UCL MRC Ctr Med Mol Virol, London, England. [Garnett, Geoff] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Dept Infect Dis, London, England. [Bennett, Diane] Ctr Dis Control, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Vitoria, Marco] WHO, HIV AIDS Dept, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. [Lundgren, Jens] Univ Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. [Lundgren, Jens] State Univ Hosp, Copenhagen, Denmark. RP Phillips, AN (reprint author), UCL, Dept Infect & Populat Hlth, HIV Epidemiol & Biostat Grp, Royal Free Campus,Rowland Hill St, London, England. EM andrew.phillips@ucl.ac.uk RI Garnett, Geoffrey/A-9312-2008; Phillips, Andrew/B-4427-2008; Barley, Kamal/F-9579-2011; OI Phillips, Andrew/0000-0003-2384-4807; Barley, Kamal/0000-0003-1874-9813; Lundgren, Jens/0000-0001-8901-7850 FU European Community [223131] FX The research leading to these results has received part funding from the European Community's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) under the project 'Collaborative HIV and Anti-HIV Drug Resistance Network (CHAIN)' - grant agreement no 223131. We would like to thank Azra Ghani and Rebecca Baggaley for valuable advice in developing this model. Support for development of an early version of this model was provided by Pfizer, UK. We also thank Research Computing, UCL for use of Legion distributed memory computing cluster, without which this work would not be possible. NR 44 TC 52 Z9 52 U1 0 U2 6 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0269-9370 J9 AIDS JI Aids PD MAR 27 PY 2011 VL 25 IS 6 BP 843 EP 850 DI 10.1097/QAD.0b013e328344037a PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA 736IR UT WOS:000288487400015 PM 21192233 ER PT J AU Collar, CJ Miller, T Garrett, RM Demchuk, E AF Collar, Catharine J. Miller, Thomas Garrett, Robert M. Demchuk, Eugene TI In silico assessment of inhalation health guidance values SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 241st National Meeting and Exposition of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY MAR 27-31, 2011 CL Anaheim, CA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registry, Atlanta, GA USA. US Dept Def, Washington, DC 20305 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 27 PY 2011 VL 241 MA 242-ENVR PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 782BO UT WOS:000291982804416 ER PT J AU Collar, CJ Miller, T Garrett, RM Demchuk, E AF Collar, Catharine J. Miller, Thomas Garrett, Robert M. Demchuk, Eugene TI QSAR models for respiratory health guidance values SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 241st National Meeting and Exposition of the American-Chemical-Society (ACS) CY MAR 27-31, 2011 CL Anaheim, CA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registry, Atlanta, GA USA. US Dept Def, Washington, DC 20305 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 27 PY 2011 VL 241 MA 140-COMP PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 782BO UT WOS:000291982804118 ER PT J AU Rosenberg, ES Sullivan, PS DiNenno, EA Salazar, LF Sanchez, TH AF Rosenberg, Eli S. Sullivan, Patrick S. DiNenno, Elizabeth A. Salazar, Laura F. Sanchez, Travis H. TI Number of casual male sexual partners and associated factors among men who have sex with men: Results from the National HIV Behavioral Surveillance system SO BMC PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article ID RISK BEHAVIORS; UNITED-STATES; US CITIES; WHITE MEN; INFECTION; PREVENTION; IDENTIFICATION; INTERNET AB Background: In 2006, the majority of new HIV infections were in MSM. We sought to describe numbers of casual sex partners among US MSM. Methods: Data are from the first MSM cycle of the National HIV Behavioral Surveillance system, conducted from 2003 to 2005. Relationships between number of casual male sex partners within the previous year and demographic information, self-reported HIV status, and risk behaviors were determined through regression models. Results: Among 11,191 sexually active MSM, 76% reported a casual male partner. The median casual partner number was three. Lower number of casual partners was associated with black race, Hispanic ethnicity, and having a main sex partner in the previous year. Factors associated with a higher number included gay identity, exchange sex, both injection and non-injection drug use. Being HIV-positive was associated with more partners among non-blacks only. Age differences in partner number were seen only among chat room users. Conclusions: MSM who were black, Hispanic or had a main sex partner reported fewer casual sex partners. Our results suggest specific populations of MSM who may benefit most from interventions to reduce casual partner numbers. C1 [Rosenberg, Eli S.; Sullivan, Patrick S.] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [DiNenno, Elizabeth A.; Sanchez, Travis H.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Salazar, Laura F.] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Behav Sci & Hlth Educ, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Sullivan, PS (reprint author), Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. EM patrick.sullivan@emory.edu OI sanchez, travis/0000-0003-1133-4762; Sullivan, Patrick/0000-0002-7728-0587 FU National Institutes of Health [1R01MH085600]; Emory Center for AIDS Research [P30 AI050409] FX Mr Rosenberg and Drs. Sullivan and Salazar were supported, in part, by a grant from the National Institutes of Health (1R01MH085600) and the Emory Center for AIDS Research (P30 AI050409). NR 30 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 4 U2 8 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2458 J9 BMC PUBLIC HEALTH JI BMC Public Health PD MAR 25 PY 2011 VL 11 AR 189 DI 10.1186/1471-2458-11-189 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 751QP UT WOS:000289633000001 PM 21439069 ER PT J AU Bai, Y Cross, PC Malania, L Kosoy, M AF Bai, Ying Cross, Paul C. Malania, Lile Kosoy, Michael TI Isolation of Bartonella capreoli from elk SO VETERINARY MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Bartonella capreoli; Bartonella spp.; Cervus elaphus; elk; Wildlife disease ID CAT-SCRATCH DISEASE; GREATER YELLOWSTONE ECOSYSTEM; SP-NOV.; DOMESTIC RUMINANTS; SYNTHASE GENE; BLOOD; BOVIS; HENSELAE; SPP.; WILD AB The aim of the present study was to investigate the presence of Bartonella infections in elk populations. We report the isolation of four Bartonella strains from 55 elk blood samples. Sequencing analysis demonstrated that all four strains belong to Bartonella capreoli, a bacterium that was originally described in the wild roe deer of Europe. Our finding first time demonstrated that B. capreoli has a wide geographic range, and that elk may be another host for this bacterium. Further investigations are needed to determine the impact of this bacterium on wildlife. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Bai, Ying; Malania, Lile; Kosoy, Michael] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Cross, Paul C.] US Geol Survey, No Rocky Mt Sci Ctr, Bozeman, MT 59715 USA. [Malania, Lile] Natl Ctr Dis Control & Publ Hlth, GE-380077 Tbilisi, Rep of Georgia. RP Bai, Y (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, 3150 Rampart Rd, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM YBai1@cdc.gov RI Cross, Paul/K-6987-2012 OI Cross, Paul/0000-0001-8045-5213 FU USGS; NSF-NIH FX We thank the Wyoming Game and Fish Department for helping to collect samples. Any use of trade, product, or firm names is for descriptive purposes only and does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. USGS and the NSF-NIH Ecology of Infectious Disease Program provided funding for field data collection. NR 32 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1135 J9 VET MICROBIOL JI Vet. Microbiol. PD MAR 24 PY 2011 VL 148 IS 2-4 BP 329 EP 332 DI 10.1016/j.vetmic.2010.09.022 PG 4 WC Microbiology; Veterinary Sciences SC Microbiology; Veterinary Sciences GA 739PM UT WOS:000288730200028 PM 20961711 ER PT J AU Otranto, D Eberhard, ML AF Otranto, Domenico Eberhard, Mark L. TI Zoonotic helminths affecting the human eye SO PARASITES & VECTORS LA English DT Review ID UNILATERAL SUBACUTE NEURORETINITIS; THELAZIA-CALLIPAEDA SPIRURIDA; HUMAN SUBCONJUNCTIVAL INFECTION; 1ST CASE-REPORT; ANGIOSTRONGYLUS-CANTONENSIS; BAYLISASCARIS-PROCYONIS; EOSINOPHILIC-MENINGITIS; OCULAR TOXOCARIASIS; LARVA MIGRANS; ECHINOCOCCUS-OLIGARTHRUS AB Nowaday, zoonoses are an important cause of human parasitic diseases worldwide and a major threat to the socio-economic development, mainly in developing countries. Importantly, zoonotic helminths that affect human eyes (HIE) may cause blindness with severe socio-economic consequences to human communities. These infections include nematodes, cestodes and trematodes, which may be transmitted by vectors (dirofilariasis, onchocerciasis, thelaziasis), food consumption (sparganosis, trichinellosis) and those acquired indirectly from the environment (ascariasis, echinococcosis, fascioliasis). Adult and/or larval stages of HIE may localize into human ocular tissues externally (i.e., lachrymal glands, eyelids, conjunctival sacs) or into the ocular globe (i.e., intravitreous retina, anterior and or posterior chamber) causing symptoms due to the parasitic localization in the eyes or to the immune reaction they elicit in the host. Unfortunately, data on HIE are scant and mostly limited to case reports from different countries. The biology and epidemiology of the most frequently reported HIE are discussed as well as clinical description of the diseases, diagnostic considerations and video clips on their presentation and surgical treatment. C1 [Otranto, Domenico] Univ Bari, Dipartimento Sanita Pubbl & Zootecnia, Valenzano, BA, Italy. [Eberhard, Mark L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Otranto, D (reprint author), Univ Bari, Dipartimento Sanita Pubbl & Zootecnia, Valenzano, BA, Italy. EM d.otranto@veterinaria.uniba.it OI Otranto, Domenico/0000-0002-7518-476X NR 198 TC 59 Z9 61 U1 0 U2 19 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1756-3305 J9 PARASITE VECTOR JI Parasites Vectors PD MAR 23 PY 2011 VL 4 AR 41 DI 10.1186/1756-3305-4-41 PG 21 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA 745MO UT WOS:000289169700001 PM 21429191 ER PT J AU Radolf, JD Bolan, G Park, IU Chow, JM Schillinger, JA Pathela, P Blank, S Zanto, SN Hoover, KW Workowski, KA Cox, DL Ballard, RC AF Radolf, J. D. Bolan, G. Park, I. U. Chow, J. M. Schillinger, J. A. Pathela, P. Blank, S. Zanto, S. N. Hoover, K. W. Workowski, K. A. Cox, D. L. Ballard, R. C. TI Discordant Results From Reverse Sequence Syphilis Screening-Five Laboratories, United States, 2006-2010 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 60, pg 133-137, 2011) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint C1 [Radolf, J. D.] Univ Connecticut, Ctr Hlth, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. [Bolan, G.; Park, I. U.; Chow, J. M.] Calif Dept Publ Hlth, Richmond, CA USA. [Schillinger, J. A.; Pathela, P.; Blank, S.] New York City Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, New York, NY USA. [Hoover, K. W.; Workowski, K. A.; Cox, D. L.; Ballard, R. C.] CDC, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Div STD Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Radolf, JD (reprint author), Univ Connecticut, Ctr Hlth, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD MAR 23 PY 2011 VL 305 IS 12 BP 1189 EP 1191 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 738PA UT WOS:000288652100006 ER PT J AU Laffoon, B Johnson, AS Cohen, S Hu, X Shouse, RL AF Laffoon, B. Johnson, A. Satcher Cohen, S. Hu, X. Shouse, R. L. TI Disparities in Diagnoses of HIV Infection Between Blacks/African Americans and Other Racial/Ethnic Populations-37 States, 2005-2008 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 60, pg 93-98, 2011) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint ID UNITED-STATES C1 [Laffoon, B.; Johnson, A. Satcher; Cohen, S.; Hu, X.; Shouse, R. L.] CDC, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Laffoon, B (reprint author), CDC, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 11 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 330 N WABASH AVE, STE 39300, CHICAGO, IL 60611-5885 USA SN 0098-7484 EI 1538-3598 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD MAR 23 PY 2011 VL 305 IS 12 BP 1193 EP 1195 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 738PA UT WOS:000288652100008 ER PT J AU Nguyen, DC Masseoud, F Lu, XH Scinicariello, F Sambhara, S Attanasio, R AF Nguyen, Doan C. Masseoud, Feda Lu, Xiuhua Scinicariello, Franco Sambhara, Suryaprakash Attanasio, Roberta TI 17 beta-Estradiol restores antibody responses to an influenza vaccine in a postmenopausal mouse model SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Estrogen; Antibody; Influenza Vaccine ID IMMUNIZATION AB Post-menopausal women belong to an age group that is highly susceptible to influenza infection and its most serious complications. However, data on the immunogenicity of influenza vaccines in these women is limited. Therefore, the antibody response to influenza vaccination was assessed in a postmenopausal mouse model. An inactivated-detergent-split vaccine from the A/New Caledonia/20/99 (H1N1) influenza virus strain was given to three groups of mice: ovariectomized (OVEX), OVEX with 17 beta-estradiol replacement (OVEX + E2), and sham-OVEX. The OVEX + E2 group produced influenza virus-specific serum antibodies, including neutralizing antibodies, at significantly higher levels (p <0.001) than did OVEX mice. These levels matched those observed in the sham-OVEX group, indicating that ovariectomy negatively modulates the antibody response to the influenza vaccine, whereas 17 beta-estradiol replacement restores this response to levels observed in intact animals. Our findings suggest that immunogenicity and efficacy of influenza vaccines need to be evaluated in postmenopausal women, including women receiving hormone replacement therapy. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Nguyen, Doan C.; Masseoud, Feda; Attanasio, Roberta] Georgia State Univ, Dept Biol, Atlanta, GA 30302 USA. [Lu, Xiuhua; Sambhara, Suryaprakash] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Scinicariello, Franco] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Toxicol & Environm Med, Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registry, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Attanasio, R (reprint author), Georgia State Univ, Dept Biol, POB 4010, Atlanta, GA 30302 USA. EM rattanasio@gsu.edu FU GSU Office of Research; Georgia Research Alliance; Georgia State University FX We thank Jacqueline M. Katz for kindly providing reagents for the in vitro assays. This work was supported in part by the Research Program Enhancement from the GSU Office of Research and Sponsored Programs and by the Georgia Research Alliance. Support for Feda Masseoud was provided by the Molecular Basis of Disease program at Georgia State University. NR 22 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X EI 1873-2518 J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD MAR 21 PY 2011 VL 29 IS 14 BP 2515 EP 2518 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.01.080 PG 4 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 745CD UT WOS:000289140600001 PM 21310192 ER PT J AU Kadis, JA McRee, AL Gottlieb, SL Lee, MR Reiter, PL Dittus, PJ Brewer, NT AF Kadis, Jessica A. McRee, Annie-Laurie Gottlieb, Sami L. Lee, Morgan R. Reiter, Paul L. Dittus, Patricia J. Brewer, Noel T. TI Mothers' support for voluntary provision of HPV vaccine in schools SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE HPV vaccine; Vaccination program; Parents; School health; School-based health center ID UNITED-STATES; ADVISORY-COMMITTEE; CERVICAL-CANCER; HEALTH; POLITICS; PARENTS; PROGRAM AB HPV vaccination rates among adolescents in the United States lag behind some other developed countries, many of which routinely offer the vaccine in schools. We sought to assess mothers' willingness to have their adolescent daughters receive HPV vaccine at school. A national sample of mothers of adolescent females ages 11-14 completed our internet survey (response rate = 66%). The final sample (n = 496) excluded mothers who did not intend to have their daughters receive HPV vaccine in the next year. Overall, 67% of mothers who intended to vaccinate their daughters or had vaccinated their daughters reported being willing to have their daughters receive HPV vaccine at school. Mothers were more willing to allow their daughters to receive HPV vaccine in schools if they had not yet initiated the vaccine series for their daughters or resided in the Midwest or West (all p < .05). The two concerns about voluntary school-based provision of HPV vaccine that mothers most frequently cited were that their daughters' doctors should keep track of her shots (64%) and that they wished to be present when their daughters were vaccinated (40%). Our study suggests that most mothers who support adolescent vaccination for HPV find school-based HPV vaccination an acceptable option. Ensuring communication of immunization records with doctors and allowing parents to be present during immunization may increase parental support. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Kadis, Jessica A.; McRee, Annie-Laurie; Lee, Morgan R.; Reiter, Paul L.; Brewer, Noel T.] Univ N Carolina, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Gottlieb, Sami L.; Dittus, Patricia J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Reiter, Paul L.; Brewer, Noel T.] Univ N Carolina, Lineberger Comprehens Canc Ctr, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. RP Brewer, NT (reprint author), UNC Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Behav & Hlth Educ, 325 Rosenau Hall,CB 7440, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. EM ntb1@unc.edu RI McRee, Annie/J-3077-2013; OI Lee, Morgan/0000-0002-6860-3364 FU NCI NIH HHS [R25 CA057726] NR 29 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 3 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD MAR 21 PY 2011 VL 29 IS 14 BP 2542 EP 2547 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.01.067 PG 6 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 745CD UT WOS:000289140600006 PM 21300097 ER PT J AU Ryman, TK Trakroo, A Wallace, A Gupta, SK Wilkins, K Mehta, P Dietz, V AF Ryman, Tove K. Trakroo, Ajay Wallace, Aaron Gupta, Satish Kumar Wilkins, Karen Mehta, Pankaj Dietz, Vance TI Implementation and evaluation of the Reaching Every District (RED) strategy in Assam, India, 2005-2008 SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Health services; Immunization; India; Evaluation AB In 2005, UNICEF and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention implemented and evaluated the Reaching Every District (RED) approach, an intervention designed to improve key components of immunization services including planning, outreach, community mobilization, supervision, and monitoring, in select districts of Assam, India. Two intervention and 3 comparison districts were selected for a 2-year evaluation trial. In intervention districts, immunization staff received comprehensive training and ongoing supervision by a fulltime consultant, and regular monitoring of progress was conducted. Population-based vaccination coverage surveys were conducted at baseline and 2 years after the start of implementation in the 5 districts. Post-intervention process indicators were systematically collected and focus group discussions were held. At follow-up, children in both the intervention and comparison districts were twice as likely to be fully vaccinated as they were at baseline. However, sites that received intervention training were better performing than those that did not, as measured by process indicators, including a higher number of outreach visits planned and held (p = 0.02), having a monitoring chart (p < 0.01), and correctly calculating dropout (p < 0.01). The number of supervisory visits was significantly and positively associated with other key process indicators. Although coverage did not differ significantly between intervention and comparison districts, among individual districts, process data indicate significant improvements in program quality in the intervention districts. Further studies are needed to determine if the improved process indicators have sustainable impact on maintaining improvements in coverage. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Ryman, Tove K.; Wallace, Aaron; Wilkins, Karen; Dietz, Vance] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30307 USA. [Trakroo, Ajay; Gupta, Satish Kumar] United Nations Childrens Fund, New Delhi 110003, India. [Mehta, Pankaj] United Nations Childrens Fund, Kathmandu, Nepal. RP Ryman, TK (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS-E05, Atlanta, GA 30307 USA. EM tryman@cdc.gov FU U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX This work was supported by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 6 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD MAR 21 PY 2011 VL 29 IS 14 BP 2555 EP 2560 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.01.061 PG 6 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 745CD UT WOS:000289140600008 PM 21300101 ER PT J AU Smith, JH Brooks, P Johnson, S Tompkins, SM Custer, KM Haas, DL Mair, R Papania, M Tripp, RA AF Smith, Jennifer Humberd Brooks, Paula Johnson, Scott Tompkins, S. Mark Custer, Koren M. Haas, Debra L. Mair, Raydel Papania, Mark Tripp, Ralph A. TI Aerosol vaccination induces robust protective immunity to homologous and heterologous influenza infection in mice SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Influenza; Vaccination; Aerosol ID RESPIRATORY SYNCYTIAL VIRUS; IMMUNIZATION PRACTICES ACIP; MEASLES-VACCINE; ADVISORY-COMMITTEE; UNITED-STATES; ANTIBODY; CELL; RESPONSES; CHILDREN; DELIVERY AB Live-attenuated influenza vaccine (LAN) delivered by large droplet intranasal spray is efficacious against infection. However, many of the large droplets are trapped in the external nares and do not reach the target nasal airway tissues. Smaller droplets might provide better distribution yielding similar protection with lower doses. We evaluated 20 and 30 mu m aerosol delivery of influenza virus in mice. A 15 s aerosol exposure optimally protected against homologous and heterologous influenza infection and induced a robust immune response. These results demonstrate the feasibility of nasal vaccination using aerosolized particles, providing a strategy to improve vaccine efficacy and delivery. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Tripp, Ralph A.] Univ Georgia, Anim Hlth Res Ctr, Dept Infect Dis, Coll Vet Med, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Mair, Raydel] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Bacterial Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Papania, Mark] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Tripp, RA (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Anim Hlth Res Ctr, Dept Infect Dis, Coll Vet Med, 111 Carlton St, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM ratripp@uga.edu RI Tompkins, Stephen/A-3317-2008; OI Tompkins, Stephen/0000-0002-1523-5588; Tripp, Ralph/0000-0002-2924-9956 FU CDC [1021RR211316]; NIH/NIAID [HHSN266200700006C] FX We would like to thank Darin Knaus at Creare, Inc. for providing the test bed nebulizer used in these studies. These studies were supported by CDC SBIR award #1021RR211316 and NIH/NIAID contract HHSN266200700006C. NR 45 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD MAR 21 PY 2011 VL 29 IS 14 BP 2568 EP 2575 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.01.059 PG 8 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 745CD UT WOS:000289140600010 PM 21300100 ER PT J AU Hiraishi, Y Nandakumar, S Choi, SO Lee, JW Kim, YC Posey, JE Sable, SB Prausnitz, MR AF Hiraishi, Yasuhiro Nandakumar, Subhadra Choi, Seong-O Lee, Jeong Woo Kim, Yeu-Chun Posey, James E. Sable, Suraj B. Prausnitz, Mark R. TI Bacillus Calmette-Guerin vaccination using a microneedle patch SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Tuberculosis; BCG; Microneedle patch; Hypodermic needle; Guinea pigs; Immune response ID MYCOBACTERIUM-BOVIS BCG; TUBERCULOSIS VACCINE; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; IMMUNE-RESPONSES; DELIVERY-SYSTEMS; DRUG-DELIVERY; IMMUNIZATION; PROTECTION; SKIN; EFFICACY AB Tuberculosis (TB) caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis continues to be a leading cause of mortality among bacterial diseases, and the bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) is the only licensed vaccine for human use against this disease. TB prevention and control would benefit from an improved method of BCG vaccination that simplifies logistics and eliminates dangers posed by hypodermic needles without compromising immunogenicity. Here, we report the design and engineering of a BCG-coated microneedle vaccine patch for a simple and improved intradermal delivery of the vaccine. The microneedle vaccine patch induced a robust cell-mediated immune response in both the lungs and the spleen of guinea pigs. The response was comparable to the traditional hypodermic needle based intradermal BCG vaccination and was characterized by a strong antigen specific lymphocyte proliferation and IFN-gamma levels with high frequencies of CD4(+)FN-gamma(+), CD4(+)TNF-alpha(+) and CD4(+)IFN-gamma(+)TNF-alpha(+) T cells. The BCC-coated microneedle vaccine patch was highly immunogenic in guinea pigs and supports further exploration of this new technology as a simpler, safer, and compliant vaccination that could facilitate increased coverage, especially in developing countries that lack adequate healthcare infrastructure. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Sable, Suraj B.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Branch Lab, Div TB Eliminat, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Hiraishi, Yasuhiro; Choi, Seong-O; Lee, Jeong Woo; Kim, Yeu-Chun; Prausnitz, Mark R.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Chem & Biomol Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. RP Sable, SB (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Branch Lab, Div TB Eliminat, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, 1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM SSable@cdc.gov; prausnitz@gatech.edu RI Nandakumar, Subhadra/F-5892-2011; Kim, Yeu Chun/B-3389-2012; OI Sable, Suraj/0000-0001-8440-1693 FU TAKEDA Pharmaceutical Company Ltd.; ORISE fellowship; CDC; Georgia Research Alliance FX This work was carried out at the Center for Drug Design, Development and Delivery and the Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences at the Georgia Institute of Technology and the Mycobacteriology Laboratory Branch, DTBE, CDC. YH was supported by TAKEDA Pharmaceutical Company Ltd. and SN, by ORISE fellowship. We acknowledge the help of Ellen Kersh at the Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention, CDC with flow cytometry instrumentation, Vladimir Zarnitsyn at Georgia Tech for assistance with microneedle coating and Donna Bondy at Georgia Tech for administrative support. This work was supported by CDC funds to SBS and a grant from the Georgia Research Alliance to MRP. Conflict of interest: MRP serves as a consultant and is an inventor on patents licensed to companies developing microneedle-based products. This potential conflict of interest has been disclosed and is being managed by Georgia Tech and Emory University. NR 54 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 2 U2 25 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD MAR 21 PY 2011 VL 29 IS 14 BP 2626 EP 2636 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.01.042 PG 11 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 745CD UT WOS:000289140600018 PM 21277407 ER PT J AU Madzivhandila, M Adrian, PV Cutland, CL Kuwanda, L Schrag, SJ Madhi, SA AF Madzivhandila, Mashudu Adrian, Peter V. Cutland, Clare L. Kuwanda, Locadiah Schrag, Stephanie J. Madhi, Shabir A. TI Serotype Distribution and Invasive Potential of Group B Streptococcus Isolates Causing Disease in Infants and Colonizing Maternal-Newborn Dyads SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID PREGNANT-WOMEN; CONJUGATE VACCINES; CARRIAGE; EPIDEMIOLOGY; COLONIZATION; IMMUNIZATION; PNEUMONIAE; CHILDREN; MOTHERS; GERMANY AB Background: Serotype-specific polysaccharide based group B streptococcus (GBS) vaccines are being developed. An understanding of the serotype epidemiology associated with maternal colonization and invasive disease in infants is necessary to determine the potential coverage of serotype-specific GBS vaccines. Methods: Colonizing GBS isolates were identified by vaginal swabbing of mothers during active labor and from skin of their newborns post-delivery. Invasive GBS isolates from infants were identified through laboratory-based surveillance. GBS serotyping was done by latex agglutination. Serologically non-typeable isolates were typed by a serotype-specific PCR method. The invasive potential of GBS serotypes associated with sepsis within seven days of birth was evaluated in association to maternal colonizing serotypes. Results: GBS was identified in 289 (52.4%) newborns born to 551 women with GBS-vaginal colonization and from 113 (5.6%) newborns born to 2,010 mothers in whom GBS was not cultured from vaginal swabs. The serotype distribution among vaginal-colonizing isolates was as follows: III (37.3%), Ia (30.1%), and II (11.3%), V (10.2%), Ib (6.7%) and IV (3.7%). There were no significant differences in serotype distribution between vaginal and newborn colonizing isolates (P = 0.77). Serotype distribution of invasive GBS isolates were significantly different to that of colonizing isolates (P < 0.0001). Serotype III was the most common invasive serotype in newborns less than 7 days (57.7%) and in infants 7 to 90 days of age (84.3%; P < 0.001). Relative to serotype III, other serotypes showed reduced invasive potential: Ia (0.49; 95% CI 0.31-0.77), II (0.30; 95% CI 0.13-0.67) and V (0.38; 95% CI 0.17-0.83). Conclusion: In South Africa, an anti-GBS vaccine including serotypes Ia, Ib and III has the potential of preventing 74.1%, 85.4% and 98.2% of GBS associated with maternal vaginal-colonization, invasive disease in neonates less than 7 days and invasive disease in infants between 7-90 days of age, respectively. C1 [Madzivhandila, Mashudu; Adrian, Peter V.; Cutland, Clare L.; Kuwanda, Locadiah; Madhi, Shabir A.] Univ Witwatersrand, Vaccine Preventable Dis & Resp & Meningeal Pathog, Dept Sci & Technol, Natl Res Fdn, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Schrag, Stephanie J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Madzivhandila, M (reprint author), Univ Witwatersrand, Vaccine Preventable Dis & Resp & Meningeal Pathog, Dept Sci & Technol, Natl Res Fdn, Johannesburg, South Africa. EM madhis@rmpru.co.za FU South African Research Chairs Initiative of the Department of Science and Technology; National Research Foundation FX This work is based upon research supported by the South African Research Chairs Initiative of the Department of Science and Technology and National Research Foundation (Vaccine Preventable Diseases Research Chair Grant). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 41 TC 30 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 2 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD MAR 21 PY 2011 VL 6 IS 3 AR e17861 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0017861 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 738BC UT WOS:000288613300017 PM 21445302 ER PT J AU Valecha, N Staedke, S Filler, S Mpimbaza, A Greenwood, B Chandramohan, D AF Valecha, Neena Staedke, Sarah Filler, Scott Mpimbaza, Arthur Greenwood, Brian Chandramohan, Daniel TI Malaria-attributed death rates in India SO LANCET LA English DT Letter ID VERBAL AUTOPSIES; AFRICA C1 [Staedke, Sarah; Greenwood, Brian; Chandramohan, Daniel] Univ London London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, London WC1E 7HT, England. [Valecha, Neena] Indian Council Med Res, Natl Inst Malaria Res, New Delhi, India. [Filler, Scott] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Mpimbaza, Arthur] Uganda Malaria Surveillance Project, Kampala, Uganda. RP Chandramohan, D (reprint author), Univ London London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, Keppel St, London WC1E 7HT, England. EM daniel.chandramohan@lshtm.ac.uk NR 5 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0140-6736 J9 LANCET JI Lancet PD MAR 19 PY 2011 VL 377 IS 9770 BP 992 EP 993 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 740FA UT WOS:000288775800019 PM 21420547 ER PT J AU Rocheleau, CM Bertke, SJ Deddens, JA Ruder, AM Lawson, CC Waters, MA Hopf, NB Riggs, MA Whelan, EA AF Rocheleau, Carissa M. Bertke, Stephen J. Deddens, James A. Ruder, Avima M. Lawson, Christina C. Waters, Martha A. Hopf, Nancy B. Riggs, Margaret A. Whelan, Elizabeth A. TI Maternal exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls and the secondary sex ratio: an occupational cohort study SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH LA English DT Article ID CAPACITOR MANUFACTURING WORKERS; PARENTAL HORMONE-LEVELS; BIRTH-ORDER; BREAST-CANCER; IN-VITRO; MORTALITY; PCB; TIME; ASSOCIATION; CONCEPTION AB Background: Though commercial production of polychlorinated biphenyls was banned in the United States in 1977, exposure continues due to their environmental persistence. Several studies have examined the association between environmental polychlorinated biphenyl exposure and modulations of the secondary sex ratio, with conflicting results. Objective: Our objective was to evaluate the association between maternal preconceptional occupational polychlorinated biphenyl exposure and the secondary sex ratio. Methods: We examined primipara singleton births of 2595 women, who worked in three capacitor plants at least one year during the period polychlorinated biphenyls were used. Cumulative estimated maternal occupational polychlorinated biphenyl exposure at the time of the infant's conception was calculated from plant-specific job-exposure matrices. A logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the association between maternal polychlorinated biphenyl exposure and male sex at birth (yes/no). Results: Maternal body mass index at age 20, smoking status, and race did not vary between those occupationally exposed and those unexposed before the child's conception. Polychlorinated biphenyl-exposed mothers were, however, more likely to have used oral contraceptives and to have been older at the birth of their first child than non-occupationally exposed women. Among 1506 infants liveborn to polychlorinated biphenyl-exposed primiparous women, 49.8% were male; compared to 49.9% among those not exposed (n = 1089). Multivariate analyses controlling for mother's age and year of birth found no significant association between the odds of a male birth and mother's cumulative estimated polychlorinated biphenyl exposure to time of conception. Conclusions: Based on these data, we find no evidence of altered sex ratio among children born to primiparous polychlorinated biphenyl-exposed female workers. C1 [Rocheleau, Carissa M.; Bertke, Stephen J.; Deddens, James A.; Ruder, Avima M.; Lawson, Christina C.; Waters, Martha A.; Hopf, Nancy B.; Riggs, Margaret A.; Whelan, Elizabeth A.] NIOSH, Div Surveillance Hazard Evaluat & Field Studies, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Bertke, Stephen J.; Deddens, James A.] Univ Cincinnati, Dept Math Sci, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. [Waters, Martha A.] NIOSH, Div Appl Res & Technol, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Hopf, Nancy B.] Inst Univ Romand Sante Travail, Inst Work & Hlth IST, Lausanne, Switzerland. [Riggs, Margaret A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Coordinating Off Terrorism Preparedness & Emergen, Kentucky Dept Publ Hlth, Frankfort, KY USA. RP Rocheleau, CM (reprint author), NIOSH, Div Surveillance Hazard Evaluat & Field Studies, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM CRocheleau@cdc.gov RI Ruder, Avima/I-4155-2012 OI Ruder, Avima/0000-0003-0419-6664 FU NIOSH; Department of Defense [MIPR 94MM4580] FX This work builds upon decades of research conducted previously at the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. The authors would like to thank all those involved in industrial hygiene evaluations of the participating plants, in collection of PCB exposure data, and in designing and conducting the questionnaire study of female workers. This study was supported, in part, by NIOSH operating funds and by the Department of Defense Women's Health Research Program (MIPR 94MM4580). The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. NR 61 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 5 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1476-069X J9 ENVIRON HEALTH-GLOB JI Environ. Health PD MAR 18 PY 2011 VL 10 AR 20 DI 10.1186/1476-069X-10-20 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 744EZ UT WOS:000289079000001 PM 21418576 ER PT J AU Lim, TH De Jesus, VR Meredith, NK Sternberg, MR Chace, DH Mei, JV Hannon, WH AF Lim, Timothy H. De Jesus, Victor R. Meredith, Nancy K. Sternberg, Maya R. Chace, Donald H. Mei, Joanne V. Hannon, W. Harry TI Proficiency testing outcomes of 3-hydroxyisovalerylcarnitine measurements by tandem mass spectrometry in newborn screening SO CLINICA CHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article DE 3-Hydroxyisovalerylcarnitine; Tandem mass spectrometry; Acylcarnitines; Dried-blood spots; Newborn screening; Quality assurance ID DRIED-BLOOD SPOTS; QUANTITATIVE-ANALYSIS; RAPID DIAGNOSIS; DEFICIENCY; SPECIMENS; AMINO; ACYLCARNITINES; METABOLISM; DISORDERS AB Background: The use of tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) for the analysis of amino acids and acylcarnitines from dried-blood spots (DBS) has become routine practice in newborn screening laboratories. The Newborn Screening Quality Assurance Program (NSQAP) added 3-hydroxyisovalerylcarnitine (C5OH) into its routine quality control and proficiency testing (PT) DBS materials for MS/MS to assure the quality of C5OH screening. We report the results from NSQAP evaluations for C5OH-enriched DBS, and summarize participant screening practices based on their analytical methods. Methods: NSQAP prepared C5OH-enriched DBS materials for its participants. Laboratories reported quantitative and qualitative results. Bias plots of quantitative results were constructed using reported data and the results were sorted by an analytical method. Results: NSQAP participants reported PT specimen 3964 as outside of normal limits for C5OH. The mean C5OH value for derivatized and non-derivatized methods was 2.80 and 2.67 mu mol/l, respectively. Reported data from other specimens showed a sirnilar trend in derivatized vs. non-derivatized assay results. Differences in C5OH quantitative values were observed among laboratories using different internal standards. Conclusions: C5OH MS/MS measurements in DBS assays varied by method and the choice of internal standards. The use of NSQAPs DBS materials allows harmonization of C5OH measurements by newborn screening laboratories worldwide. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Lim, Timothy H.; De Jesus, Victor R.; Meredith, Nancy K.; Sternberg, Maya R.; Mei, Joanne V.; Hannon, W. Harry] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Newborn Screening Qual Assurance Program, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Lim, TH (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Newborn Screening Qual Assurance Program, 4770 Buford Highway NE,Mail Stop F-19, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM tlim@cdc.gov NR 21 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0009-8981 J9 CLIN CHIM ACTA JI Clin. Chim. Acta PD MAR 18 PY 2011 VL 412 IS 7-8 BP 631 EP 635 DI 10.1016/j.cca.2010.12.021 PG 5 WC Medical Laboratory Technology SC Medical Laboratory Technology GA 727YZ UT WOS:000287840600026 PM 21185274 ER PT J AU Grant, LA Dunne, EF Chesson, H Markowitz, LE AF Grant, Linda Ahdieh Dunne, Eileen F. Chesson, Harrell Markowitz, Lauri E. TI Considerations for human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination of mid-adult women in the United States SO VACCINE LA English DT Review DE HPV vaccine; Mid adult women; Older women ID CERVICAL INTRAEPITHELIAL NEOPLASIA; COST-EFFECTIVENESS; QUADRIVALENT VACCINE; NATURAL-HISTORY; RISK-FACTORS; YOUNG-WOMEN; INFECTION; HEALTH; PERSISTENCE; PROGRAMS AB In the United States, human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination is recommended for 11 or 12 year old girls, with catch-up vaccination through age 26 years. Data are available for women over the age of 26 years on immunogenicity for both quadrivalent and bivalent HPV vaccines and on efficacy for the quadrivalent HPV vaccine. If HPV vaccines are licensed for use in women over 26 years of age (mid-adult women), recommendations for this age group will need to be considered. This review summarizes vaccine efficacy and immunogenicity data in mid-adult women, and addresses epidemiologic data related to key questions for consideration of vaccine recommendations for women over age 26 years. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Grant, Linda Ahdieh; Dunne, Eileen F.; Chesson, Harrell; Markowitz, Lauri E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Dunne, EF (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E-02, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM Dde9@cdc.gov NR 48 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD MAR 16 PY 2011 VL 29 IS 13 BP 2365 EP 2370 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.01.032 PG 6 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 745CC UT WOS:000289140500005 PM 21277406 ER PT J AU Kuklina, EV Shaw, KM Hong, Y AF Kuklina, E. V. Shaw, K. M. Hong, Y. TI Vital Signs: Prevalence, Treatment, and Control of High Levels of Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol-United States, 1999-2002 and 2005-2008 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 60, pg 109-114, 2011) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint ID PREVENTIVE SERVICES; CARE; METAANALYSIS C1 [Kuklina, E. V.; Shaw, K. M.; Hong, Y.] CDC, Div Heart Dis & Stroke Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Kuklina, EV (reprint author), CDC, Div Heart Dis & Stroke Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 16 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD MAR 16 PY 2011 VL 305 IS 11 BP 1086 EP 1088 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 734ZF UT WOS:000288381900009 ER PT J AU Smith, DK Grant, RM Weidle, PJ Lansky, A Mermin, J Fenton, KA AF Smith, D. K. Grant, R. M. Weidle, P. J. Lansky, A. Mermin, J. Fenton, K. A. TI Interim Guidance: Preexposure Prophylaxis for the Prevention of HIV Infection in Men Who Have Sex With Men (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 60, pg 65-68, 2011) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint C1 [Smith, D. K.; Grant, R. M.; Weidle, P. J.; Lansky, A.; Mermin, J.; Fenton, K. A.] CDC, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Smith, DK (reprint author), CDC, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RI Mermin, Jonathan/J-9847-2012 NR 11 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD MAR 16 PY 2011 VL 305 IS 11 BP 1089 EP 1091 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 734ZF UT WOS:000288381900010 ER PT J AU Thiel, J Rolletschek, H Friedel, S Lunn, JE Nguyen, TH Feil, R Tschiersch, H Muller, M Borisjuk, L AF Thiel, Johannes Rolletschek, Hardy Friedel, Svetlana Lunn, John E. Nguyen, Thuy H. Feil, Regina Tschiersch, Henning Mueller, Martin Borisjuk, Ljudmilla TI Seed-specific elevation of non-symbiotic hemoglobin AtHb1: beneficial effects and underlying molecular networks in Arabidopsis thaliana SO BMC PLANT BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PLANT NITRATE REDUCTASE; NITRIC-OXIDE GENERATION; GENE-EXPRESSION; OXYGEN DEPRIVATION; STARCH SYNTHESIS; HYPOXIC STRESS; ABSCISIC-ACID; ROOT CULTURES; IN-VITRO; METABOLISM AB Background: Seed metabolism is dynamically adjusted to oxygen availability. Processes underlying this autoregulatory mechanism control the metabolic efficiency under changing environmental conditions/stress and thus, are of relevance for biotechnology. Non-symbiotic hemoglobins have been shown to be involved in scavenging of nitric oxide (NO) molecules, which play a key role in oxygen sensing/balancing in plants and animals. Steady state levels of NO are suggested to act as an integrator of energy and carbon metabolism and subsequently, influence energy-demanding growth processes in plants. Results: We aimed to manipulate oxygen stress perception in Arabidopsis seeds by overexpression of the non-symbiotic hemoglobin AtHb1 under the control of the seed-specific LeB4 promoter. Seeds of transgenic AtHb1 plants did not accumulate NO under transient hypoxic stress treatment, showed higher respiratory activity and energy status compared to the wild type. Global transcript profiling of seeds/siliques from wild type and transgenic plants under transient hypoxic and standard conditions using Affymetrix ATH1 chips revealed a rearrangement of transcriptional networks by AtHb1 overexpression under non-stress conditions, which included the induction of transcripts related to ABA synthesis and signaling, receptor-like kinase-and MAP kinase-mediated signaling pathways, WRKY transcription factors and ROS metabolism. Overexpression of AtHb1 shifted seed metabolism to an energy-saving mode with the most prominent alterations occurring in cell wall metabolism. In combination with metabolite and physiological measurements, these data demonstrate that AtHb1 overexpression improves oxidative stress tolerance compared to the wild type where a strong transcriptional and metabolic reconfiguration was observed in the hypoxic response. Conclusions: AtHb1 overexpression mediates a pre-adaptation to hypoxic stress. Under transient stress conditions transgenic seeds were able to keep low levels of endogenous NO and to maintain a high energy status, in contrast to wild type. Higher weight of mature transgenic seeds demonstrated the beneficial effects of seed-specific overexpression of AtHb1. C1 [Thiel, Johannes; Rolletschek, Hardy; Friedel, Svetlana; Tschiersch, Henning; Mueller, Martin; Borisjuk, Ljudmilla] Leibniz Inst Pflanzengenet & Kulturpflanzenforsch, D-06466 Gatersleben, Germany. [Lunn, John E.; Feil, Regina] Max Planck Inst Mol Plant Physiol, D-14476 Potsdam, Germany. [Nguyen, Thuy H.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Virus Surveillance & Diagnost Branch, Influenza Div, NCIRD, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Rolletschek, H (reprint author), Leibniz Inst Pflanzengenet & Kulturpflanzenforsch, Corrensstr 3, D-06466 Gatersleben, Germany. EM rollet@ipk-gatersleben.de OI Lunn, John/0000-0001-8533-3004 FU Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft [FKZ BO 1917] FX We are grateful to Katrin Blaschek, Elke Liemann, Angela Schwarz and Angela Stegman for excellent technical assistance. We also thank Christian Klukas for the help in the operation of the VANTED software. This work was supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (FKZ BO 1917). NR 75 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 2 U2 13 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2229 J9 BMC PLANT BIOL JI BMC Plant Biol. PD MAR 15 PY 2011 VL 11 AR 48 DI 10.1186/1471-2229-11-48 PG 18 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 743CK UT WOS:000288994000001 PM 21406103 ER PT J AU Kaiser, R Bunnell, R Hightower, A Kim, AA Cherutich, P Mwangi, M Oluoch, T Dadabhai, S Mureithi, P Mugo, N Mermin, J AF Kaiser, Reinhard Bunnell, Rebecca Hightower, Allen Kim, Andrea A. Cherutich, Peter Mwangi, Mary Oluoch, Tom Dadabhai, Sufia Mureithi, Patrick Mugo, Nelly Mermin, Jonathan CA KAIS Study Grp TI Factors Associated with HIV Infection in Married or Cohabitating Couples in Kenya: Results from a Nationally Representative Study SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA; MALE CIRCUMCISION; VIRAL LOAD; DISCORDANT COUPLES; CONTROLLED-TRIAL; UGANDA; TRANSMISSION; PREVENTION; MEN; ACQUISITION AB Background: In order to inform prevention programming, we analyzed HIV discordance and concordance within couples in the Kenya AIDS Indicator Survey (KAIS) 2007. Methods: KAIS was a nationally representative population-based sero-survey that examined demographic and behavioral indicators and serologic testing for HIV, HSV-2, syphilis, and CD4 cell counts in 15,853 consenting adults aged 15-64 years. We analyzed interview and blood testing data at the sexual partnership level from married or cohabitating couples. Multivariable regression models were used to identify factors independently associated with HIV discordant and concordant status. Results: Of 3256 couples identified in the survey, 2748 (84.4%) had interview and blood testing data. Overall, 3.8% of couples were concordantly infected with HIV, and in 5.8% one partner was infected, translating to 338,000 discordant couples in Kenya. In 83.6% of HIV-infected Kenyans living in married or cohabitating couples neither partner knew their HIV status. Factors independently associated with HIV-discordance included young age in women (AOR 1.5, 95% CI: 1.2-1.8; p<0.0001), increasing number of lifetime sexual partners in women (AOR 1.5, 95% CI: 1.3-1.8; p<0.0001), HSV-2 infection in either or both partners (AOR 4.1, 95% CI: 2.3-7.2; p<0.0001), and lack of male circumcision (AOR 1.6, 95% CI: 1.0-2.5; p = 0.032). Independent factors for HIV-concordance included HSV-2 infection in both partners (AOR 6.5, 95% CI: 2.3-18.7; p = 0.001) and lack of male circumcision (AOR 1.8, 95% CI: 1.0-3.3; p = 0.043). Conclusions: Couple prevention interventions should begin early in relationships and include mutual knowledge of HIV status, reduction of outside sexual partners, and promotion of male circumcision among HIV-uninfected men. Mechanisms for effective prevention or suppression of HSV-2 infection are also needed. C1 [Kaiser, Reinhard; Bunnell, Rebecca; Hightower, Allen; Mwangi, Mary; Oluoch, Tom; Mermin, Jonathan] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Global Hlth, Div Global HIV AIDS, Nairobi, Kenya. [Kim, Andrea A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Global Hlth, Div Global HIV AIDS, Atlanta, GA USA. [Cherutich, Peter] Natl AIDS STI Control Programme NASCOP, Nairobi, Kenya. [Dadabhai, Sufia] Univ California San Francisco, Nairobi, Kenya. [Mureithi, Patrick] Natl AIDS Control Council NACC, Nairobi, Kenya. [Mugo, Nelly] Kenyatta Natl Hosp, Nairobi, Kenya. [Mugo, Nelly] Univ Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya. [Bunnell, Rebecca] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Hightower, Allen] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Global Hlth, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Nairobi, Kenya. [Mermin, Jonathan] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Kaiser, R (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Global Hlth, Div Global HIV AIDS, Nairobi, Kenya. EM rkaiser@ke.cdc.gov RI Mermin, Jonathan/J-9847-2012; OI Oluoch, Tom/0000-0001-9621-5900 FU Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Department of Health and Human Services FX Funding: This study was funded through the United States President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief, through the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Department of Health and Human Services. Several authors are employees of CDC and contributed to study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, and preparation of the manuscript. NR 30 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 2 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD MAR 15 PY 2011 VL 6 IS 3 AR e17842 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0017842 PG 9 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 736SH UT WOS:000288513900037 PM 21423615 ER PT J AU Lindley, MC Lorick, SA Spinner, JR Krull, AR Mootrey, GT Ahmed, F Myers, R Bednash, GP Cymet, TC Maeshiro, R Raines, CF Shannon, SC Sondheimer, HM Strikas, RA AF Lindley, Megan C. Lorick, Suchita A. Spinner, Jovonni R. Krull, Andrea R. Mootrey, Gina T. Ahmed, Faruque Myers, Rosa Bednash, Geraldine P. Cymet, Tyler C. Maeshiro, Rika Raines, C. Fay Shannon, Stephen C. Sondheimer, Henry M. Strikas, Raymond A. TI Student Vaccination Requirements of US Health Professional Schools: A Survey SO ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID IMMUNIZATION PRACTICES ACIP; HEPATITIS-B VACCINATION; INFLUENZA VACCINATION; UNITED-STATES; CARE WORKERS; ADVISORY-COMMITTEE; NOSOCOMIAL PERTUSSIS; MEASLES OUTBREAKS; INFECTION-CONTROL; ATTITUDES AB Background: Unvaccinated health care personnel are at increased risk for transmitting vaccine-preventable diseases to their patients. The Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP) recommends that health care personnel, including students, receive measles, mumps, rubella, hepatitis B, varicella, influenza, and pertussis vaccines. Prematriculation vaccination requirements of health professional schools represent an early opportunity to ensure that health care personnel receive recommended vaccines. Objective: To examine prematriculation vaccination requirements and related policies at selected health professional schools in the United States and compare requirements with current ACIP recommendations. Design: Cross-sectional study using an Internet-based survey. Setting: Medical and baccalaureate nursing schools in the United States and its territories. Participants: Deans of accredited medical schools granting MD (n = 130) and DO (n = 26) degrees and of baccalaureate nursing programs (n = 603). Measurements: Proportion of MD-granting and DO-granting schools and baccalaureate nursing programs that require that entering students receive vaccines recommended by the ACIP for health care personnel. Results: 563 schools (75%) responded. More than 90% of all school types required measles, mumps, rubella, and hepatitis B vaccines for entering students; varicella vaccination also was commonly required. Tetanus, diphtheria, and acellular pertussis vaccination was required by 66%, 70%, and 75% of nursing, MD-granting, and DO-granting schools, respectively. Nursing and DO-granting schools (31% and 45%, respectively) were less likely than MD-granting schools (78%) to offer students influenza vaccines free of charge. Limitations: Estimates were conservative, because schools that reported that they did not require proof of immunity for a given vaccine were considered not to require that vaccine. Estimates also were restricted to schools that train physicians and nurses. Conclusion: The majority of schools now require most ACIP-recommended vaccines for students. Medical and nursing schools should adopt policies on student vaccination and serologic testing that conform to ACIP recommendations and should encourage annual influenza vaccination by offering influenza vaccination to students at no cost. C1 [Lindley, Megan C.; Lorick, Suchita A.; Mootrey, Gina T.; Ahmed, Faruque; Strikas, Raymond A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Spinner, Jovonni R.] NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Krull, Andrea R.] US Dept HHS, Washington, DC 20201 USA. [Myers, Rosa] Off Womens Hlth Reg 3, Philadelphia, PA 19106 USA. [Bednash, Geraldine P.] Coll Nursing, Amer Assoc, Washington, DC 20036 USA. [Cymet, Tyler C.; Shannon, Stephen C.] Coll Osteopath Med, Amer Assoc, Chevy Chase, MD 20815 USA. [Maeshiro, Rika] Assoc Amer Med Coll, Washington, DC 20037 USA. [Raines, C. Fay] Univ Alabama, Coll Nursing, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA. RP Lindley, MC (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop E-52, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM MLindley@cdc.gov NR 61 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER COLL PHYSICIANS PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE MALL WEST 6TH AND RACE ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-1572 USA SN 0003-4819 EI 1539-3704 J9 ANN INTERN MED JI Ann. Intern. Med. PD MAR 15 PY 2011 VL 154 IS 6 BP 391 EP + DI 10.7326/0003-4819-154-6-201103150-00004 PG 11 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 734WA UT WOS:000288370000003 PM 21403075 ER PT J AU Janssens, ACJW Ioannidis, JPA van Duijn, CM Little, J Khoury, MJ AF Janssens, A. Cecile J. W. Ioannidis, John P. A. van Duijn, Cornelia M. Little, Julian Khoury, Muin J. CA GRIPS Grp TI Strengthening the Reporting of Genetic Risk Prediction Studies: The GRIPS Statement SO ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID EPIDEMIOLOGY; MARKER; ASSOCIATION; ELABORATION; EXPLANATION; GUIDELINES; STROBE; CURVE C1 [Janssens, A. Cecile J. W.; van Duijn, Cornelia M.] Erasmus Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Epidemiol, NL-3000 CA Rotterdam, Netherlands. [Ioannidis, John P. A.] Univ Ioannina, Sch Med, Dept Hyg & Epidemiol, GR-45110 Ioannina, Greece. [Little, Julian] Univ Ottawa, Dept Epidemiol & Community Med, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada. [Khoury, Muin J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Publ Hlth Genom, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Janssens, ACJW (reprint author), Erasmus Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Epidemiol, POB 2040, NL-3000 CA Rotterdam, Netherlands. EM a.janssens@erasmusmc.nl RI Ioannidis, John/G-9836-2011; janssens, cecile/L-1075-2015; OI Janssens, A Cecile/0000-0002-6153-4976 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Erasmus University Medical Center; Center for Medical Systems Biology in the framework of the Netherlands Genomics Initiative; Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research; Tufts Clinical and Translational Science Institute; National Institutes of Health, National Center for Research Resources [UL1 RR025752] FX The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention sponsored the workshop on behalf of the Human Genome Epidemiology Network. Dr. Janssens is supported by grants from Erasmus University Medical Center, the Center for Medical Systems Biology in the framework of the Netherlands Genomics Initiative, and the VIDI grant of the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research. Dr. Ioannidis is supported by Tufts Clinical and Translational Science Institute, which is supported by the National Institutes of Health, National Center for Research Resources (UL1 RR025752). Dr. Little holds a Canada Research Chair in Human Genome Epidemiology. The funding sources had no role in the study design, data collection, analysis, preparation of the manuscript, or decision to submit the manuscript for publication. NR 25 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER COLL PHYSICIANS PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE MALL WEST 6TH AND RACE ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-1572 USA SN 0003-4819 EI 1539-3704 J9 ANN INTERN MED JI Ann. Intern. Med. PD MAR 15 PY 2011 VL 154 IS 6 BP 421 EP + DI 10.7326/0003-4819-154-6-201103150-00008 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 734WA UT WOS:000288370000006 PM 21403077 ER PT J AU Hu, SS Balluz, L Battaglia, MP Frankel, MR AF Hu, S. Sean Balluz, Lina Battaglia, Michael P. Frankel, Martin R. TI Improving Public Health Surveillance Using a Dual-Frame Survey of Landline and Cell Phone Numbers SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE data collection; epidemiologic methods; population surveillance; sampling studies; selection bias; telephone ID NONCOVERAGE BIAS; UNITED-STATES; IMPACT; US AB To meet challenges arising from increasing rates of noncoverage in US landline-based telephone samples due to cell-phone-only households, the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) expanded a traditional landline-based random digit dialing survey to a dual-frame survey of landline and cell phone numbers. In 2008, a survey of adults with cell phones only was conducted in parallel with an ongoing landline-based health survey in 18 states. The authors used the optimal approach to allocate samples into landline and cell-phone-only strata and used a new approach to weighting state-level landline and cell phone samples. They developed logistic models for each of 16 health indicators to examine whether exclusion of adults with cell phones only affected estimates after adjustment for demographic characteristics. The extents of the potential biases in landline telephone surveys that exclude cell phones were estimated. Biases resulting from exclusion of adults with cell phones only from the landline-based survey were found for 9 out of the 16 health indicators. Because landline noncoverage rates for adults with cell phones only continue to increase, these biases are likely to increase. Use of a dual-frame survey of landline and cell phone numbers assisted the BRFSS efforts in obtaining valid, reliable, and representative data. C1 [Hu, S. Sean; Balluz, Lina] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Surveillance Epidemiol & Lab Serv, Div Behav Surveillance, Publ Hlth Surveillance Program Off, Atlanta, GA 30345 USA. [Battaglia, Michael P.] ABT Associates Inc, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Frankel, Martin R.] CUNY Bernard M Baruch Coll, Dept Stat & Comp Informat Syst, Zicklin Sch Business, New York, NY 10010 USA. RP Hu, SS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Surveillance Epidemiol & Lab Serv, Div Behav Surveillance, Publ Hlth Surveillance Program Off, 2500 Century Pkwy,MS E-97, Atlanta, GA 30345 USA. EM shu@cdc.gov NR 30 TC 77 Z9 78 U1 1 U2 12 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD MAR 15 PY 2011 VL 173 IS 6 BP 703 EP 711 DI 10.1093/aje/kwq442 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 733PL UT WOS:000288274800012 PM 21343246 ER PT J AU Khoury, MJ Gwinn, M Ioannidis, JPA AF Khoury, Muin J. Gwinn, Marta Ioannidis, John P. A. TI RE: "THE EMERGENCE OF TRANSLATIONAL EPIDEMIOLOGY: FROM SCIENTIFIC DISCOVERY TO POPULATION HEALTH IMPACT" REPLY SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Letter C1 [Khoury, Muin J.; Gwinn, Marta] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Publ Hlth Genom, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Ioannidis, John P. A.] Stanford Univ, Stanford Prevent Res Ctr, Sch Med, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. RP Khoury, MJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Publ Hlth Genom, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM muk1@cdc.gov RI Ioannidis, John/G-9836-2011 NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD MAR 15 PY 2011 VL 173 IS 6 BP 718 EP U131 DI 10.1093/aje/kwq450 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 733PL UT WOS:000288274800018 ER PT J AU Pierce, CL Rees, JC Fernandez, FM Barr, JR AF Pierce, Carrie L. Rees, Jon C. Fernandez, Facundo M. Barr, John R. TI Detection of Staphylococcus aureus Using N-15-Labeled Bacteriophage Amplification Coupled with Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization-Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI O157-H7; METHICILLIN-RESISTANT; BLOOD CULTURE; STATISTICAL-MODEL; RAPID DETECTION; PHAGE; METAANALYSIS; BACTEREMIA; SPECIMENS; ASSAY AB A novel approach to rapid bacterial detection using an isotopically labeled N-15 bacteriophage and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) is introduced. Current phage amplification detection (PAD) via mass spectrometric analysis is limited because host bacteria must be inoculated with low phage titers in such a way that initial infecting phage concentrations must be below the detection limit of the instrument, thus lengthening incubation times. Additionally, PAD techniques cannot distinguish inoculate input phage from output phage which can increase the possibility of false positive results. Here, we report a rapid and accurate PAD approach for identification of Staphylococcus aureus via detection of bacteriophage capsid proteins. This approach uses both a wild-type N-14 and a N-15-isotopically labeled S. aureus-specific bacteriophage. High N-15 phage titers, above our instrument's detection limits, were used to inoculate S. aureus. MALDI-TOF MS detection of the N-14 progeny capsid proteins in the phage-amplified culture indicated the presence of the host bacteria. Successful phage amplification was observed after 90 min of incubation. The amplification was observed by both MALDI-TOF MS analysis and by standard plaque assay measurements. This method overcomes current limitations by improving analysis times while increasing selectivity when compared to previously reported PAD methodologies. C1 [Pierce, Carrie L.; Rees, Jon C.; Barr, John R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Pierce, Carrie L.; Fernandez, Facundo M.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Chem & Biochem, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. RP Barr, JR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, 4770 Buford Highway,MS F-50, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM facundo.fernandez@chemistry.gatech.edu; JBarr@cdc.gov RI Fernandez, Facundo/B-7015-2008 FU 3M through a Nontenured Faculty Award; GT/CDC FX F.M.F. gratefully acknowledges funding by 3M through a Nontenured Faculty Award and the GT/CDC seed funding program. Reference in this article to any specific commercial products, process service, manufacturer, or company does not constitute an endorsement or a recommendation by the U.S. government or the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The findings and conclusions reported in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 39 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 16 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-2700 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD MAR 15 PY 2011 VL 83 IS 6 BP 2286 EP 2293 DI 10.1021/ac103024m PG 8 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 732KE UT WOS:000288182900057 PM 21341703 ER PT J AU Jain, S Fry, AM AF Jain, Seema Fry, Alicia M. TI Peramivir: Another Tool for Influenza Treatment? SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Editorial Material ID 2009 H1N1 INFLUENZA; UNITED-STATES; HOSPITALIZATION; CALIFORNIA; INFECTION; OUTCOMES; WOMEN; CHINA C1 [Jain, Seema; Fry, Alicia M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Jain, S (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS A32, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM bwc8@cdc.gov NR 21 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 4 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD MAR 15 PY 2011 VL 52 IS 6 BP 707 EP 709 DI 10.1093/cid/cir010 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 730FX UT WOS:000288020300003 PM 21367723 ER PT J AU Li, JF Lipscomb, JT Wei, XR Martinson, NA Morris, L Heneine, W Johnson, JA AF Li, Jin-fen Lipscomb, Jonathan T. Wei, Xierong Martinson, Neil A. Morris, Lynn Heneine, Walid Johnson, Jeffrey A. TI Detection of Low-Level K65R Variants in Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor-Naive Chronic and Acute HIV-1 Subtype C Infections SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID SINGLE-DOSE NEVIRAPINE; ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; DRUG-RESISTANCE; WOMEN AB To substantiate reports of greater emergence of the K65R nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) mutation in human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) subtype C, we examined natural low-level K65R expression in subtype C relative to subtypes B and AE. We used allele-specific polymerase chain reaction to screen HIV-1 amplified by reverse-transcription high-fidelity polymerase chain reaction from subtype C-infected South African women and infants and CRF01(subtype AE) from Thailand; all subjects were NRTI naive. We found low-level K65R of unknown clinical significance in NRTI-naive subtype C-infected women and infants at frequencies above the natural occurrence in subtypes B and AE. The frequent appearance of subtype C frameshift deletions at codon 65 supports a propensity for transcription error in this region. C1 [Li, Jin-fen; Lipscomb, Jonathan T.; Wei, Xierong; Heneine, Walid; Johnson, Jeffrey A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Martinson, Neil A.] Univ Witwatersrand, Perinatal HIV Res Unit, ZA-2050 Wits, South Africa. [Martinson, Neil A.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Baltimore, MD USA. [Morris, Lynn] Natl Inst Communicable Dis, AIDS Unit, Johannesburg, South Africa. RP Johnson, JA (reprint author), 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS G45, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM jjohnson1@cdc.gov OI , Lynn/0000-0003-3961-7828 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX This work was supported entirely by intramural funds from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 13 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD MAR 15 PY 2011 VL 203 IS 6 BP 798 EP 802 DI 10.1093/infdis/jiq126 PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 726RB UT WOS:000287742700008 PM 21257741 ER PT J AU Chen, LF Dailey, NJM Rao, AK Fleischauer, AT Greenwald, I Deyde, VM Moore, ZS Anderson, DJ Duffy, J Gubareva, LV Sexton, DJ Fry, AM Srinivasan, A Wolfe, CR AF Chen, Luke F. Dailey, Natalie J. M. Rao, Agam K. Fleischauer, Aaron T. Greenwald, Ian Deyde, Varough M. Moore, Zack S. Anderson, Deverick J. Duffy, Jonathan Gubareva, Larisa V. Sexton, Daniel J. Fry, Alicia M. Srinivasan, Arjun Wolfe, Cameron R. TI Cluster of Oseltamivir-Resistant 2009 Pandemic Influenza A (H1N1) Virus Infections on a Hospital Ward among Immunocompromised Patients-North Carolina, 2009 SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID PROPHYLAXIS; EMERGENCE; HUMANS AB Methods. We reviewed patient records and infection control measures and interviewed health care personnel (HCP) and visitors. Oseltamivir-resistant pH1N1 infections were found with real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction and pyrosequencing for the H275Y neuraminidase (NA) mutation. We compared hemagglutinin (HA) sequences from clinical samples from the outbreak with those of other surveillance viruses. Results. During the period 6-11 October 2009, 4 immunocompromised patients within a hematology-oncology ward exhibited symptoms of pH1N1 infection. The likely index patient became febrile 8 days after completing a course of oseltamivir; isolation was instituted 9 days after symptom onset. Three other case patients developed symptoms 1, 3, and 5 days after the index patient. Three case patients were located in adjacent rooms. HA and NA sequences from case patients were identical. Twelve HCP and 6 visitors reported influenza symptoms during the study period. No other pH1N1 isolates from the hospital or from throughout the state carried the H275Y mutation. Conclusions. Geographic proximity, temporal clustering, presence of H275Y mutation, and viral sequence homology confirmed nosocomial transmission of oseltamivir-resistant pH1N1. Diagnostic vigilance and prompt isolation may prevent nosocomial transmission of influenza. C1 [Chen, Luke F.; Anderson, Deverick J.; Sexton, Daniel J.] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Program Infect Prevent & Healthcare Epidemiol, Durham, NC 27710 USA. [Chen, Luke F.; Anderson, Deverick J.; Sexton, Daniel J.; Wolfe, Cameron R.] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Div Infect Dis, Durham, NC 27710 USA. [Greenwald, Ian; Wolfe, Cameron R.] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Duke Preparedness & Response Ctr, Durham, NC 27710 USA. [Dailey, Natalie J. M.; Fleischauer, Aaron T.; Moore, Zack S.] N Carolina Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Raleigh, NC USA. [Dailey, Natalie J. M.; Rao, Agam K.; Duffy, Jonathan] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. [Rao, Agam K.; Duffy, Jonathan; Srinivasan, Arjun] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. [Fleischauer, Aaron T.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Career Epidemiol Field Officer Program, Atlanta, GA USA. [Deyde, Varough M.; Gubareva, Larisa V.; Fry, Alicia M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Chen, LF (reprint author), Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Program Infect Prevent & Healthcare Epidemiol, Box 102359, Durham, NC 27710 USA. EM luke.chen@duke.edu NR 23 TC 48 Z9 48 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD MAR 15 PY 2011 VL 203 IS 6 BP 838 EP 846 DI 10.1093/infdis/jiq124 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 726RB UT WOS:000287742700014 PM 21343149 ER PT J AU Shehab, N Budnitz, DS AF Shehab, Nadine Budnitz, Daniel S. TI Time to Change the Paradigm-From "Potentially Inappropriate" to Real Patient Harms SO ARCHIVES OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Letter ID MEDICATION USE C1 [Shehab, Nadine; Budnitz, Daniel S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Budnitz, DS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mail Stop A-24, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM dbudnitz@cdc.gov NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 0003-9926 J9 ARCH INTERN MED JI Arch. Intern. Med. PD MAR 14 PY 2011 VL 171 IS 5 BP 473 EP 474 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 734IW UT WOS:000288328800023 PM 21403049 ER PT J AU Hartman, RJ Riehle-Colarusso, T Lin, A Frias, JL Patel, SS Duwe, K Correa, A Rasmussen, SA AF Hartman, Robert J. Riehle-Colarusso, Tiffany Lin, Angela Frias, Jaime L. Patel, Sonali S. Duwe, Kara Correa, Adolfo Rasmussen, Sonja A. CA Natl Birth Defects Prevention TI Descriptive Study of Nonsyndromic Atrioventricular Septal Defects in the National Birth Defects Prevention Study, 1997-2005 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS PART A LA English DT Article DE atrioventricular septal defect; endocardial cushion defect; atrioventricular canal defect; prevalence; congenital heart defect; congenital abnormalities; birth defects; chromosomal abnormalities; ethnicity; nonsyndromic ID CONGENITAL HEART-DEFECTS; DOWN-SYNDROME; CANAL DEFECT; INFANTS; DISEASE; MALFORMATIONS; POPULATIONS; PREVALENCE; ANOMALIES; REGION AB Nonsyndromic atrioventricular septal defects (AVSDs) are serious congenital heart defects for which information on prevalence and descriptive characteristics based on large, geographically, and ethnically diverse populations has been limited. To describe the birth prevalence and phenotype of nonsyndromic AVSDs, we used data from the National Birth Defects Prevention Study (NBDPS), a multisite, population-based case-control study aimed at identifying genetic and environmental risk factors for birth defects. For this analysis, infants born during the period 1997-2005 and meeting the NBDPS case definition for AVSDs were included. Infants with an AVSD associated with recognized or strongly suspected chromosomal abnormalities or single-gene disorders (syndromic case infants) were excluded. We identified 302 infants with a nonsyndromic AVSD for a birth prevalence of 0.83/10,000 livebirths. Over 20% of infants with an AVSD had an additional major birth defect, with gastrointestinal, renal or urinary, and central nervous system defects being the most common. A lower prevalence of AVSDs was seen among infants born to Hispanic mothers compared with those born to non-Hispanic White mothers [prevalence ratio = 0.63 (95% confidence interval: 0.46-0.86)]. Understanding the prevalence of nonsyndromic AVSDs, demographic factors associated with their occurrence, and associated defects could help guide clinical care, as well as contribute to a better understanding of pathogenesis. (C) 2011 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 [Hartman, Robert J.; Riehle-Colarusso, Tiffany; Frias, Jaime L.; Duwe, Kara; Correa, Adolfo; Rasmussen, Sonja A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA USA. [Hartman, Robert J.; Duwe, Kara] Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Lin, Angela] Massachusetts Ctr Birth Defects Res & Prevent, Massachusetts Dept Publ Hlth, Boston, MA USA. [Lin, Angela] MassGen Hosp Children, Genet Unit, Boston, MA USA. [Frias, Jaime L.] McKing Consulting Corp, Fairfax, VA USA. [Patel, Sonali S.] Univ Iowa, Childrens Hosp, Iowa City, IA USA. RP Rasmussen, SA (reprint author), CDC, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E-86, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM skr9@cdc.gov RI Publications, NBDPS/B-7692-2013 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) FX We thank Chris Cosper and Dr. Suzanne Gilboa for their assistance in data analysis. We thank Cathleen Higgins and Marques Merri-weather for their assistance with the supplemental surveillance study. The authors acknowledge the contributions and dedication of the abstractors from the MACDP, the IRCID, and the MBDMP, as well as the staff and scientists who contribute to the NBDPS. This research was supported in part by an appointment to the Research Participation Program at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an interagency agreement between the U.S. Department of Energy and CDC. NR 31 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 4 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1552-4825 J9 AM J MED GENET A JI Am. J. Med. Genet. A PD MAR 11 PY 2011 VL 155A IS 3 BP 555 EP 564 DI 10.1002/ajmg.a.33874 PG 10 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 730KX UT WOS:000288033300015 PM 21337694 ER PT J AU Tucker, JD Sorensen, KJ Ruder, AM McKernan, LT Forrester, CL Butler, MA AF Tucker, James D. Sorensen, Karen J. Ruder, Avima M. McKernan, Lauralynn Taylor Forrester, Christy L. Butler, Mary Ann TI Cytogenetic analysis of an exposed-referent study: perchloroethylene-exposed dry cleaners compared to unexposed laundry workers SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH LA English DT Article ID CONTAMINATED DRINKING-WATER; INDUCED CELL DEATH; CHROMOSOME-ABERRATIONS; BIOLOGICAL DOSIMETRY; PERIPHERAL-BLOOD; CLEANING WORKERS; ACUTE RADIATION; TETRACHLOROETHYLENE; TRANSLOCATIONS; PERSISTENCE AB Background: Significant numbers of people are exposed to tetrachloroethylene (perchloroethylene, PCE) every year, including workers in the dry cleaning industry. Adverse health effects have been associated with PCE exposure. However, investigations of possible cumulative cytogenetic damage resulting from PCE exposure are lacking. Methods: Eighteen dry cleaning workers and 18 laundry workers (unexposed controls) provided a peripheral blood sample for cytogenetic analysis by whole chromosome painting. Pre-shift exhaled air on these same participants was collected and analyzed for PCE levels. The laundry workers were matched to the dry cleaners on race, age, and smoking status. The relationships between levels of cytological damage and exposures (including PCE levels in the shop and in workers' blood, packyears, cumulative alcohol consumption, and age) were compared with correlation coefficients and t-tests. Multiple linear regressions considered blood PCE, packyears, alcohol, and age. Results: There were no significant differences between the PCE-exposed dry cleaners and the laundry workers for chromosome translocation frequencies, but PCE levels were significantly correlated with percentage of cells with acentric fragments (R-2 = 0.488, p < 0.026). Conclusions: There does not appear to be a strong effect in these dry cleaning workers of PCE exposure on persistent chromosome damage as measured by translocations. However, the correlation between frequencies of acentric fragments and PCE exposure level suggests that recent exposures to PCE may induce transient genetic damage. More heavily exposed participants and a larger sample size will be needed to determine whether PCE exposure induces significant levels of persistent chromosome damage. C1 [Tucker, James D.] Wayne State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Detroit, MI 48202 USA. [Tucker, James D.; Sorensen, Karen J.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Phys & Life Sci Directorate, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. [Ruder, Avima M.; McKernan, Lauralynn Taylor; Butler, Mary Ann] NIOSH, CDC, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Forrester, Christy L.] NIOSH, CDC, Washington, DC 20201 USA. RP Tucker, JD (reprint author), Wayne State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, 2117 Biol Sci Bldg,5047 Gullen Mall, Detroit, MI 48202 USA. EM jtucker@biology.biosci.wayne.edu RI Ruder, Avima/I-4155-2012 OI Ruder, Avima/0000-0003-0419-6664 FU National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health; Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory; CDC Office of Women's Health; U.S. Department of Energy; Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory [W7405-ENG-48] FX This work was funded by an Interagency Agreement between the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health and the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory. We thank David L. Ashley for supplying the special tubes in which the blood for analysis of tetrachloroethylene was collected, and for performing the analyses of the blood tetrachloroethylene levels. We thank Jodie Ghere and Cathy Chu for expert technical assistance in performing the cytogenetic analyses. We acknowledge Lynda Ewers and Ed Burroughs for their technical expertise regarding breath analysis, and thank Donald Booher, Marian Coleman, James Deddens, Kevin L. Dunn, Jensen Groff, Timothy Jiggens, Jun Ju, Xiudong Lei, Sharon Lemire, Barbara MacKenzie, Leroy May, Virginia O'Neill, Susan Welch, Larry Wetzel and Jim Woodfin for their assistance during specimen collection and data analysis. This study was supported in part by the CDC Office of Women's Health. This work was performed in part under the auspices of the U.S. Department of Energy by the Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory under contract number W7405-ENG-48. NR 34 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 7 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1476-069X J9 ENVIRON HEALTH-GLOB JI Environ. Health PD MAR 10 PY 2011 VL 10 AR 16 DI 10.1186/1476-069X-10-16 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 738YT UT WOS:000288679200001 PM 21392400 ER PT J AU Behravesh, CB Mody, RK Jungk, J Gaul, L Redd, JT Chen, S Cosgrove, S Hedican, E Sweat, D Chavez-Hauser, L Snow, SL Hanson, H Nguyen, TA Sodha, SV Boore, AL Russo, E Mikoleit, M Theobald, L Gerner-Smidt, P Hoekstra, RM Angulo, FJ Swerdlow, DL Tauxe, RV Griffin, PM Williams, IT AF Behravesh, Casey Barton Mody, Rajal K. Jungk, Jessica Gaul, Linda Redd, John T. Chen, Sanny Cosgrove, Shaun Hedican, Erin Sweat, David Chavez-Hauser, Lina Snow, Sandra L. Hanson, Heather Nguyen, Thai-An Sodha, Samir V. Boore, Amy L. Russo, Elizabeth Mikoleit, Matthew Theobald, Lisa Gerner-Smidt, Peter Hoekstra, Robert M. Angulo, Frederick J. Swerdlow, David L. Tauxe, Robert V. Griffin, Patricia M. Williams, Ian T. CA Salmonella Saintpaul Outbreak Inve TI 2008 Outbreak of Salmonella Saintpaul Infections Associated with Raw Produce SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; FRESH PRODUCE; TOMATOES; ILLNESS; BURDEN AB BACKGROUND Raw produce is an increasingly recognized vehicle for salmonellosis. We investigated a nationwide outbreak that occurred in the United States in 2008. METHODS We defined a case as diarrhea in a person with laboratory-confirmed infection with the outbreak strain of Salmonella enterica serotype Saintpaul. Epidemiologic, trace-back, and environmental studies were conducted. RESULTS Among the 1500 case subjects, 21% were hospitalized, and 2 died. In three case-control studies of cases not linked to restaurant clusters, illness was significantly associated with eating raw tomatoes (matched odds ratio, 5.6; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.6 to 30.3); eating at a Mexican-style restaurant (matched odds ratio, 4.6; 95% CI, 2.1 to 8) and eating pico de gallo salsa (matched odds ratio, 4.0; 95% CI, 1.5 to 17.8), corn tortillas (matched odds ratio, 2.3; 95% CI, 1.2 to 5.0), or salsa (matched odds ratio, 2.1; 95% CI, 1.1 to 3.9); and having a raw jalape no pepper in the household (matched odds ratio, 2.9; 95% CI, 1.2 to 7.6). In nine analyses of clusters associated with restaurants or events, jalapeno peppers were implicated in all three clusters with implicated ingredients, and jalapeno or serrano peppers were an ingredient in an implicated item in the other three clusters. Raw tomatoes were an ingredient in an implicated item in three clusters. The outbreak strain was identified in jalapeno peppers collected in Texas and in agricultural water and serrano peppers on a Mexican farm. Tomato tracebacks did not converge on a source. CONCLUSIONS Although an epidemiologic association with raw tomatoes was identified early in this investigation, subsequent epidemiologic and microbiologic evidence implicated jalape o and serrano peppers. This outbreak highlights the importance of preventing raw-produce contamination. C1 [Behravesh, Casey Barton; Mody, Rajal K.; Nguyen, Thai-An; Sodha, Samir V.; Boore, Amy L.; Russo, Elizabeth; Mikoleit, Matthew; Theobald, Lisa; Gerner-Smidt, Peter; Hoekstra, Robert M.; Angulo, Frederick J.; Swerdlow, David L.; Tauxe, Robert V.; Griffin, Patricia M.; Williams, Ian T.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Mody, Rajal K.; Chen, Sanny; Boore, Amy L.; Russo, Elizabeth] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Sci Educ & Profess Dev Program Off, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Jungk, Jessica] New Mexico Dept Hlth, Santa Fe, NM USA. [Gaul, Linda] Texas Dept State Hlth Serv, Austin, TX USA. [Chen, Sanny] Arizona Dept Hlth Serv, Phoenix, AZ 85007 USA. [Redd, John T.] Indian Hlth Serv, Albuquerque, NM USA. [Cosgrove, Shaun] Colorado Dept Publ Hlth & Environm, Denver, CO USA. [Hedican, Erin] Minnesota Dept Hlth, St Paul, MN USA. [Sweat, David] N Carolina Div Publ Hlth, Raleigh, NC USA. [Chavez-Hauser, Lina] Missouri Dept Hlth & Senior Serv, Jefferson, AR USA. [Snow, Sandra L.] Arkansas Dept Hlth, Little Rock, AR 72205 USA. [Hanson, Heather] New York City Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, New York, NY USA. RP Behravesh, CB (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS A-38, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM cbartonbehravesh@cdc.gov RI Jungk, Jessica/A-9958-2015; OI Jungk, Jessica/0000-0001-7087-7623; Mikoleit, Matthew/0000-0002-4582-6733; Ayers, Tracy/0000-0003-4140-3263 NR 16 TC 52 Z9 54 U1 0 U2 15 PU MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SOC PI WALTHAM PA WALTHAM WOODS CENTER, 860 WINTER ST,, WALTHAM, MA 02451-1413 USA SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD MAR 10 PY 2011 VL 364 IS 10 BP 918 EP 927 DI 10.1056/NEJMoa1005741 PG 10 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 732FL UT WOS:000288170300008 ER PT J AU Guerry, SL De Rosa, CJ Markowitz, LE Walker, S Liddon, N Kerndt, PR Gottlieb, SL AF Guerry, Sarah L. De Rosa, Christine J. Markowitz, Lauri E. Walker, Susan Liddon, Nicole Kerndt, Peter R. Gottlieb, Sami L. TI Human papillomavirus vaccine initiation among adolescent girls in high-risk communities SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Human papillomavirus; HPV vaccine; Immunization; Adolescent ID AGED 13-17 YEARS; UNITED-STATES; COVERAGE AB Background: We assessed human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine uptake among adolescent girls, parents' intentions to vaccinate daughters, and barriers and facilitators of vaccination in a population at elevated risk for cervical cancer. Methods: Between October 2007 and June 2008, telephone surveys were conducted with randomly selected parents/guardians of 11-18 year old girls attending public middle and high schools serving economically disadvantaged populations in Los Angeles County. Results: We surveyed 509 predominantly Hispanic (81%) and African American (16%) parents; 71% responded in Spanish. Overall, 23% reported their daughter had received >= 1 dose of HPV vaccine. Although 93% of daughters had seen a doctor in the past year, only 30% reported that a provider recommended HPV vaccine. Characteristics positively associated with odds of having initiated HPV vaccine were having heard of the vaccine (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 2.6), belief in vaccine effectiveness (aOR 2.9), and doctor recommendation (aOR 48.5). Negative attitudes toward HPV vaccine (aOR 0.2) and needing more information about it (aOR 0.1) were negatively associated with vaccine initiation. Of those with unvaccinated daughters (n = 387), 62% said they "probably/definitely will" vaccinate within the next year and 21% were undecided or didn't know: only 11% said they definitely won't. Conclusions: About one-quarter of adolescent girls in this at-risk community had initiated HPV vaccine by mid-2008. Provider recommendation was the single most important factor associated with vaccination. Because a substantial proportion of parents remain undecided about HPV vaccine, health care providers can play a key role by providing needed information and offering HPV vaccine to all eligible adolescents. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Guerry, Sarah L.; Walker, Susan; Kerndt, Peter R.] Los Angeles Cty Dept Publ Hlth, Los Angeles, CA 90007 USA. [De Rosa, Christine J.] Hlth Res Assoc, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Markowitz, Lauri E.; Liddon, Nicole; Gottlieb, Sami L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Guerry, SL (reprint author), Los Angeles Cty Dept Publ Hlth, 2615 S Grand Ave, Los Angeles, CA 90007 USA. EM sguerry@ph.lacounty.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) [MM-1006-07/07] FX This research was supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC grant #MM-1006-07/07). Dr. Guerry has participated in a Speakers Bureau for Merck and Co., Inc. NR 21 TC 65 Z9 66 U1 2 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD MAR 9 PY 2011 VL 29 IS 12 BP 2235 EP 2241 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.01.052 PG 7 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 742HP UT WOS:000288932500004 PM 21288799 ER PT J AU Hammitt, LL Bulkow, LR Singleton, RJ Nuorti, JP Hummel, KB Miernyk, KM Zanis, C Whaley, M Romero-Steiner, S Butler, JC Rudolph, K Hennessy, TW AF Hammitt, Laura L. Bulkow, Lisa R. Singleton, Rosalyn J. Nuorti, J. Pekka Hummel, Kim Boyd Miernyk, Karen M. Zanis, Carolyn Whaley, Melissa Romero-Steiner, Sandra Butler, Jay C. Rudolph, Karen Hennessy, Thomas W. TI Repeat revaccination with 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine among adults aged 55-74 years living in Alaska: No evidence of hyporesponsiveness SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine; Revaccination; Immunogenicity; Opsonophagocytosis; Hyporesponsiveness ID FUNCTIONAL ANTIBODY-ACTIVITY; STREPTOCOCCUS-PNEUMONIAE; CONJUGATE VACCINE; OLDER-ADULTS; OPSONOPHAGOCYTIC ASSAY; ELDERLY ADULTS; DISEASE; PERSISTENCE; RESPONSES; EFFICACY AB Background: Older adults are at highest risk of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) and are recommended to receive vaccination with 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine (PPV23). Antibody concentrations decline following vaccination. We evaluated the immunogenicity and reactogenicity of revaccination and repeat revaccination. Methods: Adults aged 55-74 years were vaccinated with a 1st to 4th dose of PPV23. Participants were eligible for revaccination if a minimum of 6 years had passed since their last dose of PPV23. Blood collected on the day of vaccination and 30 days later was analyzed by ELISA for IgG to five serotypes. Functional antibody activity was measured using an opsonophagocytic killing (OPK) assay. Reactions to vaccination were documented. Results: Subjects were vaccinated with a 1st dose (n = 123), 2nd dose (n = 121), or 3rd or 4th dose (n = 71) of PPV23. The post-vaccination IgG geometric mean concentrations (GMCs) were similar among first-time vaccinees and re-vaccinees for all serotypes with the exception of a lower GMC for serotype 1 in re-vaccinees. The post-vaccination OPK geometric mean titers (GMTs) were similar among first-time vaccinees and re-vaccinees with the exception of a higher GMT for serotype 68 in re-vaccinees. Compared to first-time vaccinees, re-vaccinees reported more joint pain (p = 0.004), fatigue (p = 0.019), headache (p = 0.014), swelling (p = 0.006), and moderate limitation in arm movement (p = 0.025). Conclusions: Repeat revaccination with PPV23, administered 6 or more years after the prior dose, was immunogenic and generally well tolerated. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Hammitt, Laura L.; Bulkow, Lisa R.; Singleton, Rosalyn J.; Hummel, Kim Boyd; Miernyk, Karen M.; Zanis, Carolyn; Butler, Jay C.; Rudolph, Karen; Hennessy, Thomas W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Arctic Invest Program, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA. [Singleton, Rosalyn J.; Miernyk, Karen M.; Rudolph, Karen] Alaska Native Tribal Hlth Consortium, Anchorage, AK USA. [Nuorti, J. Pekka; Whaley, Melissa; Romero-Steiner, Sandra] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Hammitt, LL (reprint author), KEMRI Wellcome Trust Res Programme, POB 230, Kilifi 80108, Kenya. EM Ilhammitt@gmail.com OI Romero-Steiner, Sandra/0000-0003-4128-7768 FU MedImmune; GlaxoSmithKline; Department of Health and Human Services National Vaccine Program Office; National Immunization Program FX LH has received research funding from MedImmune and GlaxoSmithKline in the past. All other authors declare no conflict of interest.; The study was funded by the Department of Health and Human Services National Vaccine Program Office and National Immunization Program, with in-kind support provided by CDC/AIP. NR 40 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD MAR 9 PY 2011 VL 29 IS 12 BP 2287 EP 2295 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2011.01.029 PG 9 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 742HP UT WOS:000288932500011 PM 21255685 ER PT J AU Bell, J Rogers, VW Dietz, WH Ogden, CL Schuler, C Popovic, T AF Bell, J. Rogers, V. W. Dietz, W. H. Ogden, C. L. Schuler, C. Popovic, T. TI CDC Grand Rounds: Childhood Obesity in the United States (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 60, pg 42-46, 2011) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint ID BREAST-FEEDING INITIATION; ADOLESCENTS; PREVALENCE; OVERWEIGHT; ADIPOSITY; DURATION; CHILDREN; RISK C1 [Bell, J.] PolicyLink, Oakland, CA USA. [Rogers, V. W.] Barbara Bush Childrens Hosp, Maine Med Ctr, Portland, ME USA. [Popovic, T.] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Bell, J (reprint author), PolicyLink, Oakland, CA USA. NR 17 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD MAR 9 PY 2011 VL 305 IS 10 BP 988 EP 991 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 731SM UT WOS:000288129600009 ER PT J AU Biggerstaff, M Kamimoto, L Finelli, L Balluz, L AF Biggerstaff, M. Kamimoto, L. Finelli, L. Balluz, L. TI Self-Reported Influenza-like Illness During the 2009 H1N1 Influenza Pandemic-United States, September 2009-March 2010 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 60, pg 37-41, 2011) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint ID SYMPTOMS C1 [Balluz, L.] CDC, Div Behav Surveillance, Off Surveillance Epidemiol & Lab Svcs, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD MAR 9 PY 2011 VL 305 IS 10 BP 991 EP 993 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 731SM UT WOS:000288129600010 ER PT J AU Shah, S Cain, K Marks, S Cavanaugh, J AF Shah, S. Cain, K. Marks, S. Cavanaugh, J. TI Mortality Among Patients With Tuberculosis and Associations With HIV Status-United States, 1993-2008 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 59, pg 1509-1513, 2010) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint C1 [Shah, S.] Albert Einstein Coll Med, Dept Med, Bronx, NY 10467 USA. [Cavanaugh, J.] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Shah, S (reprint author), Albert Einstein Coll Med, Dept Med, Bronx, NY 10467 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD MAR 9 PY 2011 VL 305 IS 10 BP 993 EP 995 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 731SM UT WOS:000288129600011 ER PT J AU Kim, AA Hallett, T Stover, J Gouws, E Musinguzi, J Mureithi, PK Bunnell, R Hargrove, J Mermin, J Kaiser, RK Barsigo, A Ghys, PD AF Kim, Andrea A. Hallett, Timothy Stover, John Gouws, Eleanor Musinguzi, Joshua Mureithi, Patrick K. Bunnell, Rebecca Hargrove, John Mermin, Jonathan Kaiser, Reinhard K. Barsigo, Anne Ghys, Peter D. TI Estimating HIV Incidence among Adults in Kenya and Uganda: A Systematic Comparison of Multiple Methods SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID CAPTURE ENZYME-IMMUNOASSAY; SPECTRUM PROJECTION PACKAGE; MIDDLE-INCOME COUNTRIES; SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA; SEXUAL-BEHAVIOR; INFECTION; PREVALENCE; TRENDS; SEROCONVERSION; SURVEILLANCE AB Background: Several approaches have been used for measuring HIV incidence in large areas, yet each presents specific challenges in incidence estimation. Methodology/Principal Findings: We present a comparison of incidence estimates for Kenya and Uganda using multiple methods: 1) Epidemic Projections Package (EPP) and Spectrum models fitted to HIV prevalence from antenatal clinics (ANC) and national population-based surveys (NPS) in Kenya (2003, 2007) and Uganda (2004/2005); 2) a survey-derived model to infer age-specific incidence between two sequential NPS; 3) an assay-derived measurement in NPS using the BED IgG capture enzyme immunoassay, adjusted for misclassification using a locally derived false-recent rate (FRR) for the assay; (4) community cohorts in Uganda; (5) prevalence trends in young ANC attendees. EPP/Spectrum-derived and survey-derived modeled estimates were similar: 0.67 [uncertainty range: 0.60, 0.74] and 0.6 [confidence interval: (CI) 0.4, 0.9], respectively, for Uganda (2005) and 0.72 [uncertainty range: 0.70, 0.74] and 0.7 [CI 0.3, 1.1], respectively, for Kenya (2007). Using a local FRR, assay-derived incidence estimates were 0.3 [CI 0.0, 0.9] for Uganda (2004/2005) and 0.6 [CI 0, 1.3] for Kenya (2007). Incidence trends were similar for all methods for both Uganda and Kenya. Conclusions/Significance: Triangulation of methods is recommended to determine best-supported estimates of incidence to guide programs. Assay-derived incidence estimates are sensitive to the level of the assay's FRR, and uncertainty around high FRRs can significantly impact the validity of the estimate. Systematic evaluations of new and existing incidence assays are needed to the study the level, distribution, and determinants of the FRR to guide whether incidence assays can produce reliable estimates of national HIV incidence. C1 [Kim, Andrea A.] HHS Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Hallett, Timothy] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, London, England. [Stover, John] Futures Inst, Glastonbury, CT USA. [Gouws, Eleanor] Joint United Nations Programme HIV AIDS UNAIDS, Geneva, Switzerland. [Musinguzi, Joshua] Uganda Minist Hlth, Kampala, Uganda. [Mureithi, Patrick K.] Natl AIDS Control Council, Nairobi, Kenya. [Bunnell, Rebecca; Mermin, Jonathan; Kaiser, Reinhard K.] HHS Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Nairobi, Kenya. [Hargrove, John] SACEMA, DST NRF Ctr Excellence Epidemiol Modeling & Anal, Stellenbosch, South Africa. [Barsigo, Anne] Kenya Minist Hlth, Natl AIDS & STD Control Programme, Nairobi, Kenya. RP Kim, AA (reprint author), HHS Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. EM aakim@cdc.gov RI Mermin, Jonathan/J-9847-2012 FU US President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief; Wellcome Trust FX This work was funded by the US President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief and the Wellcome Trust. The funders had no role in the study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. Disclaimer: The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), UNAIDS or other host institutions. NR 52 TC 27 Z9 28 U1 1 U2 6 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 1160 BATTERY STREET, STE 100, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94111 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD MAR 7 PY 2011 VL 6 IS 3 AR e17535 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0017535 PG 9 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 731IP UT WOS:000288099800023 PM 21408182 ER PT J AU English, P Blount, B Wong, M Copan, L Olmedo, L Patton, S Haas, R Atencio, R Xu, JH Valentin-Blasini, L AF English, Paul Blount, Ben Wong, Michelle Copan, Lori Olmedo, Luis Patton, Sharyle Haas, Robert Atencio, Ryan Xu, Juhua Valentin-Blasini, Liza TI Direct Measurement of Perchlorate Exposure Biomarkers in a Highly Exposed Population: A Pilot Study SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY; SODIUM-IODIDE SYMPORTER; UNITED-STATES; INHIBITORS; CREATININE; PREGNANCY; NITRATE; HEALTH; WOMEN AB Exposure to perchlorate is ubiquitous in the United States and has been found to be widespread in food and drinking water. People living in the lower Colorado River region may have perchlorate exposure because of perchlorate in ground water and locally-grown produce. Relatively high doses of perchlorate can inhibit iodine uptake and impair thyroid function, and thus could impair neurological development in utero. We examined human exposures to perchlorate in the Imperial Valley among individuals consuming locally grown produce and compared perchlorate exposure doses to state and federal reference doses. We collected 24-hour urine specimen from a convenience sample of 31 individuals and measured urinary excretion rates of perchlorate, thiocyanate, nitrate, and iodide. In addition, drinking water and local produce were also sampled for perchlorate. All but two of the water samples tested negative for perchlorate. Perchlorate levels in 79 produce samples ranged from non-detect to 1816 ppb. Estimated perchlorate doses ranged from 0.02 to 0.51 mu g/kg of body weight/day. Perchlorate dose increased with the number of servings of dairy products consumed and with estimated perchlorate levels in produce consumed. The geometric mean perchlorate dose was 70% higher than for the NHANES reference population. Our sample of 31 Imperial Valley residents had higher perchlorate dose levels compared with national reference ranges. Although none of our exposure estimates exceeded the U. S. EPA reference dose, three participants exceeded the acceptable daily dose as defined by bench mark dose methods used by the California Office of Environmental Health Hazard Assessment. C1 [English, Paul; Wong, Michelle] Calif Dept Publ Hlth, Calif Environm Hlth Tracking Program, Richmond, CA 94804 USA. [Blount, Ben; Valentin-Blasini, Liza] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Atlanta, GA USA. [Copan, Lori] Calif Dept Publ Hlth, Environm Hlth Invest Branch, Richmond, CA USA. [Olmedo, Luis] Comite Civ Valle, Brawley, CA USA. [Patton, Sharyle] Commonweal, Bolinas, CA USA. [Haas, Robert; Xu, Juhua] Calif Dept Publ Hlth, Food & Drug Lab Branch, Richmond, CA USA. [Atencio, Ryan] Calif Dept Tox Subst & Control, El Centro, CA USA. RP English, P (reprint author), Calif Dept Publ Hlth, Calif Environm Hlth Tracking Program, Richmond, CA 94804 USA. EM penglish@dhs.ca.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) [1U38EH000186-01] FX This project was funded in part by Grant/Cooperative Agreement Number 1U38EH000186-01 from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. No additional external funding received for this study. NR 26 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 10 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD MAR 4 PY 2011 VL 6 IS 3 AR e17015 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0017015 PG 8 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 730HX UT WOS:000288025500005 PM 21394205 ER PT J AU McDougal, JS McNicholl, JM Wasinrapee, P Branson, BM Martin, M Tappero, JW Mock, PA Green, TA Hu, DJ Parekh, B AF McDougal, J. Steven McNicholl, Janet M. Wasinrapee, Punneeporn Branson, Bernard M. Martin, Michael Tappero, Jordan W. Mock, Philip A. Green, Timothy A. Hu, Dale J. Parekh, Bharat CA Thai US Bed Assay Validat Working TI Assessment of BED HIV-1 Incidence Assay in Seroconverter Cohorts: Effect of Individuals with Long-Term Infection and Importance of Stable Incidence SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article ID INJECTION-DRUG USERS; CAPTURE ENZYME-IMMUNOASSAY; NORTHERN THAILAND; VACCINE TRIAL; SUBTYPE E; BANGKOK; SURVEILLANCE; POPULATION; COUNTRIES AB Background: Performance of the BED assay in estimating HIV-1 incidence has previously been evaluated by using longitudinal specimens from persons with incident HIV infections, but questions remain about its accuracy. We sought to assess its performance in three longitudinal cohorts from Thailand where HIV-1 CRF01_AE and subtype B' dominate the epidemic. Design: BED testing was conducted in two longitudinal cohorts with only incident infections (a military conscript cohort and an injection drug user cohort) and in one longitudinal cohort (an HIV-1 vaccine efficacy trial cohort) that also included long-term infections. Methods: Incidence estimates were generated conventionally (based on the number of annual serocoversions) and by using BED test results in the three cohorts. Adjusted incidence was calculated where appropriate. Results: For each longitudinal cohort the BED incidence estimates and the conventional incidence estimates were similar when only newly infected persons were tested, whether infected with CRF01_AE or subtype B9. When the analysis included persons with long-term infections (to mimic a true cross-sectional cohort), BED incidence estimates were higher, although not significantly, than the conventional incidence estimates. After adjustment, the BED incidence estimates were closer to the conventional incidence estimates. When the conventional incidence varied over time, as in the early phase of the injection drug user cohort, the difference between the two estimates increased, but not significantly. Conclusions: Evaluation of the performance of incidence assays requires the inclusion of a substantial number of cohort-derived specimens from individuals with long-term HIV infection and, ideally, the use of cohorts in which incidence remained stable. Appropriate adjustments of the BED incidence estimates generate estimates similar to those generated conventionally. C1 [McDougal, J. Steven; McNicholl, Janet M.; Branson, Bernard M.; Martin, Michael; Tappero, Jordan W.; Green, Timothy A.; Hu, Dale J.; Parekh, Bharat] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP McDougal, JS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM jkm7@cdc.gov FU US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) FX The work was supported by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). CDC investigators had significant roles in every phase of the work including design, data collection, analysis, manuscript writing, decisions to publish. The work was a collaboration between CDC investigators and investigators in Thailand who had collected informative specimens. Some of these specimens were collected using some CDC resources to support the cohort studies (BMA IDU and Vax003). NR 31 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD MAR 4 PY 2011 VL 6 IS 3 AR e14748 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0014748 PG 6 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 730HX UT WOS:000288025500002 ER PT J AU Seshasai, SRK Kaptoge, S Thompson, A Di Angelantonio, E Gao, P Sarwar, N Whincup, PH Mukamal, KJ Gillum, RF Holme, I Njolstad, I Fletcher, A Nilsson, P Lewington, S Collins, R Gudnason, V Thompson, SG Sattar, N Selvin, E Hu, FB Danesh, J AF Seshasai, Sreenivasa Rao Kondapally Kaptoge, Stephen Thompson, Alexander Di Angelantonio, Emanuele Gao, Pei Sarwar, Nadeem Whincup, Peter H. Mukamal, Kenneth J. Gillum, Richard F. Holme, Ingar Njolstad, Inger Fletcher, Astrid Nilsson, Peter Lewington, Sarah Collins, Rory Gudnason, Vilmundur Thompson, Simon G. Sattar, Naveed Selvin, Elizabeth Hu, Frank B. Danesh, John CA Emerging Risk Factors Collabora TI Diabetes Mellitus, Fasting Glucose, and Risk of Cause-Specific Death SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID INDIVIDUAL PARTICIPANT METAANALYSIS; CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE; CANCER-MORTALITY; VASCULAR-DISEASE; COLLABORATIVE METAANALYSIS; NONVASCULAR MORTALITY; RANDOMIZED-TRIALS; COLORECTAL-CANCER; PANCREATIC-CANCER; PROSTATE-CANCER AB BACKGROUND The extent to which diabetes mellitus or hyperglycemia is related to risk of death from cancer or other nonvascular conditions is uncertain. METHODS We calculated hazard ratios for cause-specific death, according to baseline diabetes status or fasting glucose level, from individual-participant data on 123,205 deaths among 820,900 people in 97 prospective studies. RESULTS After adjustment for age, sex, smoking status, and body-mass index, hazard ratios among persons with diabetes as compared with persons without diabetes were as follows: 1.80 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.71 to 1.90) for death from any cause, 1.25 (95% CI, 1.19 to 1.31) for death from cancer, 2.32 (95% CI, 2.11 to 2.56) for death from vascular causes, and 1.73 (95% CI, 1.62 to 1.85) for death from other causes. Diabetes (vs. no diabetes) was moderately associated with death from cancers of the liver, pancreas, ovary, colorectum, lung, bladder, and breast. Aside from cancer and vascular disease, diabetes (vs. no diabetes) was also associated with death from renal disease, liver disease, pneumonia and other infectious diseases, mental disorders, nonhepatic digestive diseases, external causes, intentional self-harm, nervous-system disorders, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Hazard ratios were appreciably reduced after further adjustment for glycemia measures, but not after adjustment for systolic blood pressure, lipid levels, inflammation or renal markers. Fasting glucose levels exceeding 100 mg per deciliter (5.6 mmol per liter), but not levels of 70 to 100 mg per deciliter (3.9 to 5.6 mmol per liter), were associated with death. A 50-year-old with diabetes died, on average, 6 years earlier than a counterpart without diabetes, with about 40% of the difference in survival attributable to excess nonvascular deaths. CONCLUSIONS In addition to vascular disease, diabetes is associated with substantial premature death from several cancers, infectious diseases, external causes, intentional self-harm, and degenerative disorders, independent of several major risk factors. (Funded by the British Heart Foundation and others.) C1 [Whincup, Peter H.] St Georges Univ London, London, England. [Gillum, Richard F.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Holme, Ingar] Ullevaal Univ Hosp, Oslo, Norway. [Njolstad, Inger] Univ Tromso, Tromso, Norway. [Fletcher, Astrid] Univ London London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, London WC1E 7HT, England. [Nilsson, Peter] Lund Univ, Lund, Sweden. [Lewington, Sarah; Collins, Rory] Univ Oxford, F Med Sci, Oxford, England. [Gudnason, Vilmundur] Univ Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland. [Gudnason, Vilmundur] Iceland Heart Assoc, Reykjavik, Iceland. [Thompson, Simon G.] MRC, Biostat Unit, Cambridge CB2 2BW, England. [Sattar, Naveed] Univ Glasgow, Glasgow, Lanark, Scotland. [Selvin, Elizabeth] Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD USA. [Hu, Frank B.] Harvard Univ, Boston, MA 02115 USA. RI vhmpp, aks/F-9756-2012; Gudnason, Vilmundur/K-6885-2015; Ulmer, Hanno/C-3488-2011; OI Gudnason, Vilmundur/0000-0001-5696-0084; Ulmer, Hanno/0000-0001-5911-1002; Whincup, Peter/0000-0002-5589-4107; Engstrom, Gunnar/0000-0002-8618-9152; Ramachandran, Vasan/0000-0001-7357-5970; Di Angelantonio, Emanuele/0000-0001-8776-6719; Benn, Marianne/0000-0002-1701-595X; Tiemeier, Henning/0000-0002-4395-1397; Jorgensen, Torben/0000-0001-9453-2830; Marmot, Michael/0000-0002-2431-6419; Lawlor, Debbie A/0000-0002-6793-2262 FU British Heart Foundation [RG/08/014]; U.K. Medical Research Council; Pfizer; Gates Cambridge Trust; Overseas Research Studentship Award; Addenbrooke's Charitable Trust FX Supported by grants from the British Heart Foundation (RG/08/014), the U.K. Medical Research Council, and Pfizer (to the ERFC Coordinating Centre), as well as the Gates Cambridge Trust Scholarship, an Overseas Research Studentship Award, and an Addenbrooke's Charitable Trust Clinical Research Fellowship (to Dr. Kondapally Seshasai). Various sources have supported recruitment, follow-up, and laboratory measurements in the cohorts contributing to the ERFC. Investigators of several of these studies have contributed to a list (http://ceu.phpc.cam.ac.uk/research/erfc/studies) naming relevant funding sources. NR 38 TC 713 Z9 731 U1 11 U2 85 PU MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SOC PI WALTHAM PA WALTHAM WOODS CENTER, 860 WINTER ST,, WALTHAM, MA 02451-1413 USA SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD MAR 3 PY 2011 VL 364 IS 9 BP 829 EP 841 PG 13 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 729DJ UT WOS:000287928400008 ER PT J AU Joesoef, MR Leung, J Harpaz, R Bialek, SR AF Joesoef, M. R. Leung, J. Harpaz, R. Bialek, S. R. TI Potential coding error of herpes zoster (HZ) vaccination and HZ diagnosis in administrative data SO VACCINE LA English DT Letter DE Herpes zoster; Vaccine; Coding error; Administrative data C1 [Joesoef, M. R.; Leung, J.; Harpaz, R.; Bialek, S. R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Joesoef, MR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS A-47, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM mrjoesoef@gmail.com NR 4 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD MAR 3 PY 2011 VL 29 IS 11 BP 2008 EP 2009 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2010.12.093 PG 2 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 739PU UT WOS:000288731000002 PM 21216316 ER PT J AU Mann, M Rublowska, MN Ehrlich, JE Sucosky, MS Kennedy, CM AF Mann, M. Rublowska, M. N. Ehrlich, J. E. Sucosky, M. S. Kennedy, C. M. TI Lead Poisoning of a Child Associated With Use of a Cambodian Amulet-New York City, 2009 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 60, pg 69-71, 2011) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint C1 [Mann, M.; Rublowska, M. N.; Ehrlich, J. E.] New York City Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, Lead Poisoning Prevent Program, New York, NY USA. [Sucosky, M. S.; Kennedy, C. M.] CDC, Div Environm Hazards & Hlth Effects, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Mann, M (reprint author), New York City Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, Lead Poisoning Prevent Program, New York, NY USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD MAR 2 PY 2011 VL 305 IS 9 BP 881 EP 884 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 728DP UT WOS:000287854700010 ER PT J AU Beck, LF West, BA AF Beck, L. F. West, B. A. TI Vital Signs: Nonfatal, Motor Vehicle-Occupant Injuries (2009) and Seat Belt Use (2008) Among Adults-United States (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 59, pg 1681-1686, 2011) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint C1 [Beck, L. F.; West, B. A.] CDC, Div Unintent Injury Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Beck, LF (reprint author), CDC, Div Unintent Injury Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD MAR 2 PY 2011 VL 305 IS 9 BP 884 EP 886 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 728DP UT WOS:000287854700011 ER PT J AU Crider, KS Bailey, LB Berry, RJ AF Crider, Krista S. Bailey, Lynn B. Berry, Robert J. TI Folic Acid Food Fortification-Its History, Effect, Concerns, and Future Directions SO NUTRIENTS LA English DT Review DE folic acid; flour fortification; neural tube defects; cancer; epigenetics ID NEURAL-TUBE DEFECTS; UNITED-STATES; VITAMIN-B-12 CONCENTRATIONS; FLOUR FORTIFICATION; HEALTHY VOLUNTEERS; DNA METHYLATION; SPINA-BIFIDA; WHEAT-FLOUR; CANCER; FOLATE AB Periconceptional intake of folic acid is known to reduce a woman's risk of having an infant affected by a neural tube birth defect (NTD). National programs to mandate fortification of food with folic acid have reduced the prevalence of NTDs worldwide. Uncertainty surrounding possible unintended consequences has led to concerns about higher folic acid intake and food fortification programs. This uncertainty emphasizes the need to continually monitor fortification programs for accurate measures of their effect and the ability to address concerns as they arise. This review highlights the history, effect, concerns, and future directions of folic acid food fortification programs. C1 [Crider, Krista S.; Berry, Robert J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30033 USA. [Bailey, Lynn B.] Univ Florida, Dept Food Sci & Human Nutr, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RP Crider, KS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30033 USA. EM kvc3@cdc.gov; folate@ufl.edu; rjb1@cdc.gov OI Berry, Robert/0000-0002-7162-5046 NR 99 TC 98 Z9 103 U1 2 U2 47 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4005 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 2072-6643 J9 NUTRIENTS JI Nutrients PD MAR PY 2011 VL 3 IS 3 BP 370 EP 384 DI 10.3390/nu3030370 PG 15 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 864LL UT WOS:000298241400006 PM 22254102 ER PT J AU Allensworth, D Lewallen, TC Stevenson, B Katz, S AF Allensworth, Diane Lewallen, Theresa C. Stevenson, Beth Katz, Susan TI Addressing the Needs of the Whole Child: What Public Health Can Do to Answer the Education Sector's Call for a Stronger Partnership SO PREVENTING CHRONIC DISEASE LA English DT Article ID COORDINATED SCHOOL-HEALTH; ACHIEVEMENT; MORTALITY AB Although the overall level of child health in the United States remains high, public health professionals know that racial and ethnic disparities in child and adolescent health persist and that lifestyle choices related to chronic disease in adults are often established in childhood and adolescence. And yet, those health needs are not the public health sector's alone to resolve. We have natural partners among educators. Improving graduation rates is one of the most cost-effective ways to reduce health disparities. This article provides strategies for how public health professionals can answer this call by educators to address the needs of the whole child. C1 [Allensworth, Diane; Stevenson, Beth; Katz, Susan] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Lewallen, Theresa C.] ASCD, Alexandria, VA USA. RP Allensworth, D (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 4770 Buford Hwy,Mailstop E-73, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM dda6@cdc.gov NR 29 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 6 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1545-1151 J9 PREV CHRONIC DIS JI Prev. Chronic Dis. PD MAR PY 2011 VL 8 IS 2 AR A44 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 874OM UT WOS:000298967900014 PM 21324258 ER PT J AU Blanck, HM Thompson, OM Nebeling, L Yaroch, AL AF Blanck, Heidi M. Thompson, Olivia M. Nebeling, Linda Yaroch, Amy L. TI Improving Fruit and Vegetable Consumption: Use of Farm-to-Consumer Venues Among US Adults SO PREVENTING CHRONIC DISEASE LA English DT Article AB Improvements to the food environment including new store development and more farm-to-consumer approaches (ie, farmers' markets, roadside stands, pick-your-own produce farms, or community-supported agriculture programs) may aid Americans in making healthier dietary choices. We analyzed data from a subset of respondents (N = 1,994) in the National Cancer Institute's Food Attitudes and Behaviors Survey, a mail survey of US adults. We determined associations between primary grocery shoppers' region and sociodemographic characteristics and frequency of purchasing fruits and vegetables in the summer from farm-to-consumer venues. A little more than one-quarter (27%) of grocery shoppers reported a frequency of at least weekly use of farm-to-consumer approaches. Older adults and respondents who live in the Northeast were most likely to shop farm-to-consumer venues at least weekly, and no differences were found by sex, race/ethnicity, education, or annual household income. These findings suggest that farm-to-consumer venues are used by many Americans and could be expanded to increase access to fruits and vegetables. C1 [Yaroch, Amy L.] Ctr Human Nutr, Omaha, NE USA. [Nebeling, Linda] NCI, Rockville, MD USA. [Thompson, Olivia M.] Univ Nebraska Med Ctr, Coll Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Promot Social & Behav Hlth, Omaha, NE USA. RP Blanck, HM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,Mailstop K-26, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM hblanck@cdc.gov NR 12 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 25 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1545-1151 J9 PREV CHRONIC DIS JI Prev. Chronic Dis. PD MAR PY 2011 VL 8 IS 2 AR A49 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 874OM UT WOS:000298967900019 PM 21324263 ER PT J AU Luncheon, C Zack, M AF Luncheon, Cecily Zack, Matthew TI Health-Related Quality of Life and the Physical Activity Levels of Middle-Aged Women, California Health Interview Survey, 2005 SO PREVENTING CHRONIC DISEASE LA English DT Article ID FACTOR SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM; AFRICAN-AMERICAN; MINORITY WOMEN; UNITED-STATES; ETHNIC-DIFFERENCES; OLDER; PREVALENCE; TIME; PERCEPTION; INACTIVITY AB Introduction Several studies suggest that physical activity may improve health-related quality of life. Other studies have shown that participation in physical activity differs among women of different racial/ethnic groups. This study aimed to determine whether the association between physical activity and health-related quality of life differs among women aged 40 to 64 years from different racial/ethnic groups. Methods We explored the association between physical activity level and health-related quality of life with descriptive statistics and multiple regression analyses adjusting for potential confounders among 11,887 women aged 40 to 64 years who identified themselves as Latinas, Asians, African Americans, or whites in the 2005 California Health Interview Survey. Results Although white women reported more regular physical activity than women of other racial/ethnic groups, Asian women reported fewer mentally and overall unhealthy days than women of other groups. Nonetheless, as physical activity increased, health-related quality of life improved only among white women (fewer physically unhealthy, mentally unhealthy, recent activity limitation, and overall unhealthy days) and among Latinas (fewer overall unhealthy days). Conclusion Future studies should try to confirm if and clarify why the association between physical activity level and health-related quality of life differs among these middle-aged women of different races/ethnicities. If confirmed, this association would imply that health care professionals and those who design public health interventions may need to vary their promotion methods and messages to encourage physical activity among women of different races/ethnicities. C1 [Zack, Matthew] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Hlth Related Qual Life Surveillance Team, State Support Arthrit Epilepsy & Qual Life Branch, Div Adult & Community Hlth,Natl Ctr Chron Dis Pre, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Zack, M (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Hlth Related Qual Life Surveillance Team, State Support Arthrit Epilepsy & Qual Life Branch, Div Adult & Community Hlth,Natl Ctr Chron Dis Pre, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,Mailstop K51, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM Matthew.Zack@cdc.hhs.gov FU US Department of Energy; CDC FX This project was supported in part by an appointment to the Research Participation Program for the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an agreement between the US Department of Energy and CDC. NR 30 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 3 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1545-1151 J9 PREV CHRONIC DIS JI Prev. Chronic Dis. PD MAR PY 2011 VL 8 IS 2 AR A36 PG 11 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 874OM UT WOS:000298967900006 PM 21324250 ER PT J AU Wilson, KM Brady, TJ Lesesne, C AF Wilson, Katherine M. Brady, Teresa J. Lesesne, Catherine CA NCCDPHP Work Grp Translation TI An Organizing Framework for Translation in Public Health: The Knowledge to Action Framework SO PREVENTING CHRONIC DISEASE LA English DT Article ID INTERACTIVE SYSTEMS FRAMEWORK; PREVENTION; INTERVENTIONS; DISSEMINATION; IMPLEMENTATION; RECOMMENDATIONS; ORGANIZATIONS; DIFFUSION; CAPACITY; CRITERIA AB A priority for the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) is translating scientific knowledge into action to improve the public's health. No area has a more pressing need for translation than the prevention and control of chronic diseases. Staff from CDC's National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion worked across disciplines and content areas to develop an organizing framework to describe and depict the high-level processes necessary to move from discovery into action through translation of evidence-based programs, practices, or policies. The Knowledge to Action (K2A) Framework identifies 3 phases (research, translation, and institutionalization) and the decision points, interactions, and supporting structures within the phases that are necessary to move knowledge to sustainable action. Evaluation undergirds the entire K2A process. Development of the K2A Framework highlighted the importance of planning for translation, attending to supporting structures, and evaluating the public health impact of our efforts. C1 [Wilson, Katherine M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidemiol & Appl Res Branch, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Wilson, KM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidemiol & Appl Res Branch, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,Mailstop K-50, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM kwilson@cdc.gov NR 37 TC 28 Z9 31 U1 6 U2 23 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1545-1151 J9 PREV CHRONIC DIS JI Prev. Chronic Dis. PD MAR PY 2011 VL 8 IS 2 AR A46 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 874OM UT WOS:000298967900016 PM 21324260 ER PT J AU Yoon, PW Tong, X Schmidt, SM Matson-Koffman, D AF Yoon, Paula W. Tong, Xin Schmidt, Steven M. Matson-Koffman, Dyann TI Clinical Preventive Services for Patients at Risk for Cardiovascular Disease, National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey, 2005-2006 SO PREVENTING CHRONIC DISEASE LA English DT Article ID HIGH BLOOD-PRESSURE; FORCE RECOMMENDATION STATEMENT; UNITED-STATES; PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; RATIONALE; COMMITTEE; CORONARY; ASPIRIN; UPDATE; STROKE AB Introduction Clinical preventive services can detect diseases early, when they are most treatable, but these services may not be provided as recommended. Assessing the provision of services to patients at risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD) could help identify disparities and areas for improvement. Methods We used data on patient visits (n = 21,261) from the National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey, 2005-2006, and classified patients with hypertension, hyperlipidemia, obesity, or diabetes as being at risk for CVD. We assessed differences in the provision of preventive services offered to patients who were and who were not at risk for CVD. Further, for those at risk, we compared the demographic characteristics of those who had and who had not been offered services. Results Patients at risk for CVD received significantly more preventive services compared with those not at risk. For patients at risk for CVD, aspirin therapy was more likely to be recommended to those aged 65 years or older than those aged 45 to 64 years and to men than women. Cholesterol screening was more likely for men and was less likely for patients with Medicare/Medicaid or no insurance than for patients who were insured. Rates of counseling for diet and nutrition, weight reduction, and exercise were low overall, but younger patients received these services more than older patients did. Conclusion Patients at risk for CVD are not all receiving the same level of preventive care, suggesting the need to clarify clinical practice guidelines and provide clinicians with education and support for more effective lifestyle counseling. C1 [Yoon, Paula W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Heart Dis & Stroke Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Yoon, PW (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Heart Dis & Stroke Prevent, 4770 Buford Hwy,MS K47, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM pyoon@cdc.gov NR 30 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1545-1151 J9 PREV CHRONIC DIS JI Prev. Chronic Dis. PD MAR PY 2011 VL 8 IS 2 AR A43 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 874OM UT WOS:000298967900013 PM 21324257 ER PT J AU Krawczynski, K Choi, Y Odenthal, M Ruhrlander, M Muller, M Dienes, HP AF Krawczynski, K. Choi, Y. Odenthal, M. Ruhrlander, M. Muller, M. Dienes, H. P. TI KINETICS OF HEPATIC AND CIRCULATING MICRORNA-122 DURING EXPERIMENTAL ACUTE HCV INFECTION SO JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 46th Annual Meeting of the European-Association-for-the-Study-of-the-Liver (EASL) CY 2011 CL Berlin, GERMANY SP European Assoc Study Liver (EASL) C1 [Krawczynski, K.; Choi, Y.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Odenthal, M.; Ruhrlander, M.; Muller, M.; Dienes, H. P.] Univ Cologne, Inst Pathol, D-5000 Cologne, Germany. EM kzk1@cdc.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-8278 J9 J HEPATOL JI J. Hepatol. PD MAR PY 2011 VL 54 SU 1 MA 799 BP S320 EP S321 PG 2 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 856GC UT WOS:000297625601377 ER PT J AU Rybczynska, J Sharapov, U Bancroft, E Tran, K Drobeniuc, J Kamili, S Hu, D Krawczynski, K AF Rybczynska, J. Sharapov, U. Bancroft, E. Tran, K. Drobeniuc, J. Kamili, S. Hu, D. Krawczynski, K. TI HBV-SPECIFIC CELL-MEDIATED IMMUNITY AMONG OLDER ADULTS VACCINATED WITH HEPATITIS B VACCINE SO JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 46th Annual Meeting of the European-Association-for-the-Study-of-the-Liver (EASL) CY 2011 CL Berlin, GERMANY SP European Assoc Study Liver (EASL) C1 [Rybczynska, J.; Sharapov, U.; Tran, K.; Drobeniuc, J.; Kamili, S.; Hu, D.; Krawczynski, K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Bancroft, E.] Los Angeles Cty Dept Publ Hlth, Los Angeles, CA USA. EM kzk1@cdc.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-8278 J9 J HEPATOL JI J. Hepatol. PD MAR PY 2011 VL 54 SU 1 MA 374 BP S150 EP S150 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 856GC UT WOS:000297625600375 ER PT J AU Boucher, Y Cordero, OX Takemura, A Hunt, DE Schliep, K Bapteste, E Lopez, P Tarr, CL Polz, MF AF Boucher, Yan Cordero, Otto X. Takemura, Alison Hunt, Dana E. Schliep, Klaus Bapteste, Eric Lopez, Philippe Tarr, Cheryl L. Polz, Martin F. TI Local Mobile Gene Pools Rapidly Cross Species Boundaries To Create Endemicity within Global Vibrio cholerae Populations SO MBIO LA English DT Article ID INTEGRON RECOMBINATION; SEQUENCE-ANALYSIS; PHAGE PREDATION; PAN-GENOME; DIVERSITY; CHITIN; METAGENOMICS; BIOGEOGRAPHY; VIRULENCE; ALIGNMENT AB Vibrio cholerae represents both an environmental pathogen and a widely distributed microbial species comprised of closely related strains occurring in the tropical to temperate coastal ocean across the globe (Colwell RR, Science 274: 2025-2031, 1996; Griffith DC, Kelly-Hope LA, Miller MA, Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. 75: 973-977, 2006; Reidl J, Klose KE, FEMS Microbiol. Rev. 26: 125-139, 2002). However, although this implies dispersal and growth across diverse environmental conditions, how locally successful populations assemble from a possibly global gene pool, relatively unhindered by geographic boundaries, remains poorly understood. Here, we show that environmental Vibrio cholerae possesses two, largely distinct gene pools: one is vertically inherited and globally well mixed, and the other is local and rapidly transferred across species boundaries to generate an endemic population structure. While phylogeographic analysis of isolates collected from Bangladesh and the U.S. east coast suggested strong panmixis for protein-coding genes, there was geographic structure in integrons, which are the only genomic islands present in all strains of V. cholerae (Chun J, et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 106: 15442-15447, 2009) and are capable of acquiring and expressing mobile gene cassettes. Geographic differentiation in integrons arises from high gene turnover, with acquisition from a locally cooccurring sister species being up to twice as likely as exchange with conspecific but geographically distant V. cholerae populations. IMPORTANCE Functional predictions of integron genes show the predominance of secondary metabolism and cell surface modification, which is consistent with a role in competition and predation defense. We suggest that the integron gene pool's distinctness and tempo of sharing are adaptive in allowing rapid conversion of genomes to reflect local ecological constraints. Because the integron is frequently the main element differentiating clinical strains (Chun J, et al., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 106: 15442-15447, 2009) and its recombinogenic activity is directly stimulated by environmental stresses (Guerin E, et al., Science 324: 1034, 2009), these observations are relevant for local emergence and subsequent dispersal. C1 [Boucher, Yan; Cordero, Otto X.; Takemura, Alison; Polz, Martin F.] MIT, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Hunt, Dana E.] Duke Univ, Nicholas Sch Environm, Durham, NC 27708 USA. [Schliep, Klaus; Bapteste, Eric; Lopez, Philippe] Univ Paris 06, Unite Mixte Rech, Ctr Natl Rech Sci 7138, F-75005 Paris, France. [Schliep, Klaus; Bapteste, Eric; Lopez, Philippe] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Listeria Yersinia Vibrio & Enterobacteriaceae Ref, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Boucher, Y (reprint author), MIT, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. EM yboucher@ualberta.ca; mpolz@mit.edu RI Hunt, Dana/A-2051-2012; Schliep, Klaus/F-5880-2012; Boucher, Yan/A-2618-2014; OI Schliep, Klaus/0000-0003-2941-0161; Hunt, Dana/0000-0002-8801-9624; /0000-0001-9296-3733 FU National Science Foundation; National Institutes of Health, Woods Hole Center for Oceans and Human Health; Moore Foundation; Department of Energy; MIT-Merck alliance; Dutch Government FX This work was supported by grants from the National Science Foundation and the National Institutes of Health-cosponsored Woods Hole Center for Oceans and Human Health, the Moore Foundation, and the Department of Energy to M.F.P., as well as postdoctoral fellowships from the MIT-Merck alliance to Y.B. and from the Dutch Government to O.X.C. NR 49 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 3 U2 21 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 2150-7511 J9 MBIO JI mBio PD MAR-APR PY 2011 VL 2 IS 2 AR e00335-10 DI 10.1128/mBio.00335-10 PG 8 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 845SV UT WOS:000296843700010 ER PT J AU Schotthoefer, AM Bearden, SW Vetter, SM Holmes, J Montenieri, JA Graham, CB Woods, ME Eisen, RJ Gage, KL AF Schotthoefer, Anna M. Bearden, Scott W. Vetter, Sara M. Holmes, Jennifer Montenieri, John A. Graham, Christine B. Woods, Michael E. Eisen, Rebecca J. Gage, Kenneth L. TI Effects of Temperature on Early-Phase Transmission of Yersina pestis by the Flea, Xenopsylla cheopis SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Yersinia pestis; Xenopsylla cheopis; early-phase transmission; temperature; plague ID PLAGUE EPIZOOTICS; PASTEURELLA-PESTIS; VECTOR COMPETENCE; BIOFILM FORMATION; UNBLOCKED FLEAS; UNITED-STATES; PRAIRIE DOGS; NEW-MEXICO; CLIMATE; SIPHONAPTERA AB Sharp declines in human and animal cases of plague, caused by the bacterium Yersinia pestis (Yersin), have been observed when outbreaks coincide with hot weather. Failure of biofilm production, or blockage, to occur in the flea, as temperatures reach 30 degrees C has been suggested as an explanation for these declines. Recent work demonstrating efficient flea transmission during the first few days after fleas have taken an infectious blood meal, in the absence of blockage (e. g., early-phase transmission), however, has called this hypothesis into question. To explore the potential effects of temperature on early-phase transmission, we infected colony-reared Xenopsylla cheopis (Rothchild) fleas with a wild-type strain of plague bacteria using an artificial feeding system, and held groups of fleas at 10, 23, 27, and 30 degrees C. Naive Swiss Webster mice were exposed to fleas from each of these temperatures on days 1-4 postinfection, and monitored for signs of infection for 21 d. Temperature did not significantly influence the rates of transmission observed for fleas held at 23, 27, and 30 degrees C. Estimated per flea transmission efficiencies for these higher temperatures ranged from 2.32 to 4.96% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.96-8.74). In contrast, no transmission was observed in mice challenged by fleas held at 10 degrees C(per flea transmission efficiency estimates, 0-1.68%). These results suggest that declines in human and animal cases during hot weather are not related to changes in the abilities of X. cheopis fleas to transmit Y. pestis infections during the early-phase period. By contrast, transmission may be delayed or inhibited at low temperatures, indicating that epizootic spread of Y. pestis by X. cheopis via early-phase transmission is unlikely during colder periods of the year. C1 [Schotthoefer, Anna M.; Bearden, Scott W.; Vetter, Sara M.; Holmes, Jennifer; Montenieri, John A.; Graham, Christine B.; Woods, Michael E.; Eisen, Rebecca J.; Gage, Kenneth L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Bacterial Dis Branch, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. RP Schotthoefer, AM (reprint author), Marshfield Clin Fdn Med Res & Educ, 1000 N Oak Ave, Marshfield, WI 54449 USA. EM Schotthoefer.Anna@mcrf.mfldclin.edu NR 47 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 17 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-2585 EI 1938-2928 J9 J MED ENTOMOL JI J. Med. Entomol. PD MAR PY 2011 VL 48 IS 2 BP 411 EP 417 DI 10.1603/ME10155 PG 7 WC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences SC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences GA 810JM UT WOS:000294121600039 PM 21485382 ER PT J AU Eremeeva, ME Zambrano, ML Anaya, L Beati, L Karpathy, SE Santos-Silva, MM Salceda, B Macbeth, D Olguin, H Dasch, GA Aranda, CA AF Eremeeva, Marina E. Zambrano, Maria L. Anaya, Luis Beati, Lorenza Karpathy, Sandor E. Santos-Silva, Maria Margarida Salceda, Beatriz Macbeth, Donald Olguin, Hector Dasch, Gregory A. Alpuche Aranda, Celia TI Rickettsia rickettsii in Rhipicephalus Ticks, Mexicali, Mexico SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Rickettsia rickettsii; Rhipicephalus ticks; genotyping ID SPOTTED-FEVER; IXODIDAE; ACARI; ARIZONA; IDENTIFICATION; YUCATAN AB Circulation of a unique genetic type of Rickettsia rickettsii in ticks of the Rhipicephalus sanguineus complex was detected in Mexicali, Baja California, Mexico. The Mexican R. rickettsii differed from all isolates previously characterized from the endemic regions of Rocky Mountain spotted fever in northern, central, and southern Americas. Rhipicephalus ticks in Mexicali are genetically different from Rh. sanguineus found in the United States. C1 [Eremeeva, Marina E.; Zambrano, Maria L.; Karpathy, Sandor E.; Dasch, Gregory A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Rickettsial Zoonoses Branch, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Anaya, Luis; Alpuche Aranda, Celia] Inst Diag & Referencia Epidemiol, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. [Beati, Lorenza; Santos-Silva, Maria Margarida] Georgia So Univ, Inst Arthropol & Parasitol, US Natl Tick Collect, Statesboro, GA 30460 USA. [Santos-Silva, Maria Margarida] Ctr Estudos Vectores & Doencas Infecciosas Dr Fra, Inst Nacl Saude Dr Ricardo Jorge, Aguas De Moura, Portugal. [Salceda, Beatriz] Inst Diagnost & Referencia Epidemiol, Entomol Lab, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. [Macbeth, Donald; Olguin, Hector] Ctr Nacl Vigilancia Epidemiol & Control Enfermeda, Delegacion Miguel Hidalg, Mexico. RP Eremeeva, ME (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Rickettsial Zoonoses Branch, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, Mail Stop G-13,1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM MEremeeva@cdc.gov OI Dasch, Gregory/0000-0001-6090-1810; Santos-Silva, Maria Margarida/0000-0003-4104-6622 NR 16 TC 36 Z9 37 U1 1 U2 14 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0022-2585 J9 J MED ENTOMOL JI J. Med. Entomol. PD MAR PY 2011 VL 48 IS 2 BP 418 EP 421 DI 10.1603/ME10181 PG 4 WC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences SC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences GA 810JM UT WOS:000294121600040 PM 21485383 ER PT J AU Rifas-Shiman, SL Sherry, B Scanlon, K Birch, LL Gillman, MW Taveras, EM AF Rifas-Shiman, S. L. Sherry, B. Scanlon, K. Birch, L. L. Gillman, M. W. Taveras, E. M. TI Does maternal feeding restriction lead to childhood obesity in a prospective cohort study? SO ARCHIVES OF DISEASE IN CHILDHOOD LA English DT Article ID BODY-MASS INDEX; US CHILDREN; EATING BEHAVIORS; WEIGHT STATUS; ADOLESCENTS; OVERWEIGHT; PREVALENCE; AGE; STRATEGIES; ATTITUDES AB Background Some studies show that greater parental control over children's eating habits predicts later obesity, but it is unclear whether parents are reacting to infants who are already overweight. Objective To examine the longitudinal association between maternal feeding restriction at age 1 and body mass index (BMI) at age 3 and the extent to which the association is explained by weight for length (WFL) at age 1. Methods We studied 837 mother-infant pairs from a prospective cohort study. The main exposure was maternal feeding restriction at age 1, defined as agreeing or strongly agreeing with the following question: "I have to be careful not to feed my child too much." We ran multivariable linear regression models before and after adjusting for WFL at age 1. All models were adjusted for parental and child sociodemographic characteristics. Results 100 (12.0%) mothers reported feeding restriction at age 1. Mean (SD) WFL z-score at age 1 was 0.32 (1.01), and BMI z-score at age 3 was 0.43 (1.01). Maternal feeding restriction at age 1 was associated with higher BMI z-score at age 3 before (beta 0.26 (95% CI 0.05 to 0.48)) but not after (beta 0.00 (95% CI -0.17 to 0.18)) adjusting for WFL z-score at age 1. Each unit of WFL z-score at age 1 was associated with an increment of 0.57 BMI z-score units at age 3 (95% CI 0.51 to 0.62). Conclusions We found that maternal feeding restriction was associated with children having a higher BMI at age 3 before, but not after, adjusting for WFL at age 1. One potential reason may be that parents restrict the food intake of infants who are already overweight. C1 [Rifas-Shiman, S. L.; Gillman, M. W.; Taveras, E. M.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Obes Prevent Program, Dept Populat Med, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Rifas-Shiman, S. L.; Gillman, M. W.; Taveras, E. M.] Harvard Pilgrim Hlth Care Inst, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Sherry, B.; Scanlon, K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Atlanta, GA USA. [Birch, L. L.] Penn State Univ, Ctr Childhood Obes Res, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Rifas-Shiman, SL (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Obes Prevent Program, Dept Populat Med, 133 Brookline Ave,3rd Floor, Boston, MA 02215 USA. EM sheryl_rifas@hphc.org FU US National Institutes of Health (NIH) [HD 34568, HL 64925, HL 68041]; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX This study was supported by grants from the US National Institutes of Health (NIH) (HD 34568, HL 64925, HL 68041) and contract funding from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 32 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 8 U2 18 PU B M J PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 0003-9888 J9 ARCH DIS CHILD JI Arch. Dis. Child. PD MAR PY 2011 VL 96 IS 3 BP 265 EP 269 DI 10.1136/adc.2009.175240 PG 5 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 719FO UT WOS:000287187000013 PM 21081589 ER PT J AU Amendah, DD Grosse, SD Bertrand, J AF Amendah, Djesika D. Grosse, Scott D. Bertrand, Jacquelyn TI Medical expenditures of children in the United States with fetal alcohol syndrome SO NEUROTOXICOLOGY AND TERATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Cost; Expenditures; Medicaid; Fetal alcohol syndrome; Intellectual disability ID PREVALENCE AB This paper calculates the medical expenditures for pediatric Medicaid enrollees with fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS), those with and those without reported intellectual disability (ID). The pediatric portion of the MarketScan (R) Medicaid Multi-State databases for the years 2003-2005 was used. Children with FAS were identified based on international Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification codes. Children without FAS formed the comparison group. Annual mean, median, and 95(th) percentile total expenditures were calculated for those continuously enrolled during 2005. Children with FAS incurred annual mean medical expenditures that were nine times as high as those of children without FAS during 2005 ($16,782 vs. $1,859). ID more commonly was listed as a medical diagnosis among children with FAS than among children in the comparison group (12% vs. 0.5%), and mean expenditures of children with FAS and ID were 2.8 times those of children with FAS but without reported ID. Children with FAS incurred higher medical expenditures compared with children without FAS. A subset of children with FAS who had ID sufficiently serious to be recorded in medical records increased those expenditures still further. Our estimate of mean expenditures for children with FAS was several times higher than previous estimates in the United States. (C) Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Amendah, Djesika D.; Grosse, Scott D.; Bertrand, Jacquelyn] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Amendah, DD (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop M-64, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM damendah@gmail.com NR 10 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 7 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0892-0362 J9 NEUROTOXICOL TERATOL JI Neurotoxicol. Teratol. PD MAR-APR PY 2011 VL 33 IS 2 BP 322 EP 324 DI 10.1016/j.ntt.2010.10.008 PG 3 WC Neurosciences; Toxicology SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Toxicology GA 766YC UT WOS:000290821500017 PM 21073947 ER PT J AU de Moura, JP Pimenta, FC Hayashida, M Cruz, EDD Canini, SRMD Gir, E AF de Moura, Josely Pinto Pimenta, Fabiana Cristina Hayashida, Miyeko de Almeida Cruz, Elaine Drehmer Marin da Silva Canini, Silvia Rita Gir, Elucir TI Colonization of Nursing Professionals by Staphylococcus aureus SO REVISTA LATINO-AMERICANA DE ENFERMAGEM LA English DT Article DE Staphylococcus aureus; Methicillin Resistance; Nursing, Team; Carrier State; Prevalence ID HEALTH-CARE WORKERS; PREVALENCE; INFECTIONS; CARRIAGE; MRSA AB This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the presence of Staphylococcus aureus in the saliva of the nursing team of a teaching hospital in the interior of Sao Paulo State. Three saliva samples were collected from 351 individuals with an interval of two months between each collection. All ethical aspects were considered. In 867 (82.3%) cultures there was no identification of Staphylococcus aureus in the saliva, in 88 (17.7%) cultures Staphylococcus aureus was isolated, 26 (2.5%) of which were resistant to methicillin. The prevalence of professionals colonized by Staphylococcus aureus was 41.0% (144/351), of which 7.1% (25/351) were characterized as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Transient carriers represented 81.2% and persistent carriers 18.8%. Resistance to mupirocin was 73.1% of MRSA and 9.3% of MSSA. The results demonstrate that it is the nurse and nursing technician that are the professional categories most susceptible to MRSA. Broader discussion on the thematic and interventions are needed. C1 [de Moura, Josely Pinto; Hayashida, Miyeko; Marin da Silva Canini, Silvia Rita; Gir, Elucir] Univ Sao Paulo, Escola Enfermagem Ribeirao Preto, WHO Collaborating Ctr Nursing Res Dev, BR-05508 Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Pimenta, Fabiana Cristina] Univ Fed Goias, Inst Patol Trop & Saude Publ, Goiania, Go, Brazil. [Pimenta, Fabiana Cristina] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [de Almeida Cruz, Elaine Drehmer] Univ Fed Parana, Dept Enfermagem, BR-80060000 Curitiba, Parana, Brazil. RP de Moura, JP (reprint author), Bairro Ctr, Rua Presidente Antonio Carlos 36, BR-37900092 Passos, MG, Brazil. EM jpmfonseca@uol.com.br RI Hayashida, Miyeko/E-9834-2013; Canini, Silvia /L-1111-2014 OI Hayashida, Miyeko/0000-0003-2826-676X; NR 21 TC 3 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 4 PU UNIV SAO PAULO, ESCOLA DE ENFERMAGEM DE RIBEIRAO PRETO PI RIBEIRAO PRETO PA AV BANDEIRANTES, 3900, RIBEIRAO PRETO, SP, BRAZIL SN 0104-1169 J9 REV LAT-AM ENFERM JI Rev. Latino-Am. Enfermagem PD MAR-APR PY 2011 VL 19 IS 2 BP 325 EP 331 PG 7 WC Nursing SC Nursing GA 764LO UT WOS:000290631200014 PM 21584379 ER PT J AU Cooney, D Spruelll, B Rim, S Foster, S Lawverel, S Richardson, L Thomas, C Stewart, S AF Cooney, D. Spruelll, B. Rim, S. Foster, S. Lawverel, S. Richardson, L. Thomas, C. Stewart, S. TI Availability of gynecologic oncologists for ovarian cancer care SO GYNECOLOGIC ONCOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Cooney, D.; Spruelll, B.; Lawverel, S.] SciMetrika LLC, Durham, NC USA. [Rim, S.; Foster, S.; Richardson, L.; Thomas, C.; Stewart, S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0090-8258 J9 GYNECOL ONCOL JI Gynecol. Oncol. PD MAR PY 2011 VL 121 IS 1 SU 1 MA 79 BP S35 EP S35 DI 10.1016/j.ygyno.2010.12.086 PG 1 WC Oncology; Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Oncology; Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 760AF UT WOS:000290292300080 ER PT J AU Goff, B Andrilla, H Baldwin, L Lishner, D Matthews, B Miller, J Trivers, K AF Goff, B. Andrilla, H. Baldwin, L. Lishner, D. Matthews, B. Miller, J. Trivers, K. TI Ovarian cancer: Predictors of primary care physicians' referral to gynecologic oncologists SO GYNECOLOGIC ONCOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Goff, B.; Andrilla, H.; Baldwin, L.; Lishner, D.; Matthews, B.] Univ Washington, Sch Med, Seattle, WA USA. [Miller, J.; Trivers, K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0090-8258 J9 GYNECOL ONCOL JI Gynecol. Oncol. PD MAR PY 2011 VL 121 IS 1 SU 1 MA 10 BP S6 EP S6 DI 10.1016/j.ygyno.2010.12.017 PG 1 WC Oncology; Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Oncology; Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 760AF UT WOS:000290292300011 ER PT J AU Griffiths, C Johnson, AM Fenton, KA Erens, B Hart, GJ Wellings, K Mercer, CH AF Griffiths, C. Johnson, A. M. Fenton, K. A. Erens, B. Hart, G. J. Wellings, K. Mercer, C. H. TI Attitudes and first heterosexual experiences among Indians and Pakistanis in Britain: evidence from a national probability survey SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF STD & AIDS LA English DT Article DE ethnicity; Pakistani; Indian; sexual health; Britain ID SEXUALLY-TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS; HIV RISK BEHAVIORS; SOUTH ASIANS; LONDON; HEALTH; UK; BANGLADESHIS; PEOPLE; SAMPLE; WOMEN AB We compare attitudes, experiences of learning about sex and first intercourse among Indians (n = 393) and Pakistanis (n = 365) using a probability survey of Britain's general population aged 16-44 years conducted during 1999-2001 (n = 12,110). Higher proportions of Pakistanis (64.6%) and Indians (28.1%) reported religion as 'very important' versus 6.2% of other ethnicities. Pakistanis were more conservative in their attitudes, e.g. reporting premarital sex as wrong (adjusted odds ratios [AORs] for sociodemographic differences, 4.71 [men] and 6.59 [women]). Pakistanis were more likely to be married at first sex (AORs 6.2 [men] and 9.53 [women]), yet men were more likely than women to be in non-marital relationships at this time (69.4% versus 25.2%). Pakistani men and women and Indian women were more likely to report not using reliable contraception at first sex relative to others (AORs 2.33, 3.16 and 1.90, respectively). Pakistani and Indian women were more likely than others to report school lessons as their main source of sex education (AORs 2.23 and 1.77) and not discussing sex with their parents during adolescence (AORs 2.04 and 2.62). These unique data have implications for ensuring that sex and relationship education and health promotion messages are appropriately planned, targeted and delivered to benefit Pakistanis and Indians. C1 [Griffiths, C.] UCL, Ctr Sexual Hlth & HIV Res, Mortimer Market Ctr, Res Dept Infect & Populat Hlth, London WC1E 6JB, England. [Johnson, A. M.] UCL, Div Populat Hlth, London WC1E 6JB, England. [Fenton, K. A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA USA. [Erens, B.] London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, Natl Ctr Social Res, London WC1, England. RP Griffiths, C (reprint author), UCL, Ctr Sexual Hlth & HIV Res, Mortimer Market Ctr, Res Dept Infect & Populat Hlth, Capper St, London WC1E 6JB, England. EM cgriffiths@gum.ucl.ac.uk RI knight, megan/D-1722-2012; OI Hart, Graham/0000-0001-9676-6577; Erens, Robert/0000-0002-3054-504X; Erens, Bob/0000-0002-4430-954X; Mercer, Catherine/0000-0002-4220-5034 FU UK Medical Research Council; Department of Health; Scottish Executive; National Assembly for Wales; National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) FX We thank the study participants, the team of interviewers and operations, and computing staff from the National Centre for Social Research who carried out the interviews. Natsal-2 was supported by a grant from the UK Medical Research Council with funds from the Department of Health, the Scottish Executive and the National Assembly for Wales. The views expressed in this paper are the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the funding bodies. C Griffiths is funded by a National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Research Training Fellowship (RTF). NR 24 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 3 PU ROYAL SOC MEDICINE PRESS LTD PI LONDON PA 1 WIMPOLE STREET, LONDON W1G 0AE, ENGLAND SN 0956-4624 J9 INT J STD AIDS JI Int. J. STD AIDS PD MAR PY 2011 VL 22 IS 3 BP 131 EP 139 DI 10.1258/ijsa.2009.009496 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 761UL UT WOS:000290426400003 PM 21464449 ER PT J AU Paromov, V Brannon, M Kumari, S Samala, M Qui, M Smith, M Stone, WL AF Paromov, Victor Brannon, Marianne Kumari, Sudha Samala, Mallikarjun Qui, Min Smith, Milton Stone, William L. TI Sodium Pyruvate Modulates Cell Death Pathways in HaCaT Keratinocytes Exposed to Half-Mustard Gas SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE sulfur mustard; CEES; keratinocyte; necrosis; apoptosis; pyruvate ID POLY(ADP-RIBOSE) POLYMERASE PARP; SULFUR MUSTARD; NECROTIC CELLS; EPIDERMAL-KERATINOCYTES; ANTIOXIDANT LIPOSOMES; THERAPEUTIC-USES; ETHYL PYRUVATE; DNA-DAMAGE; APOPTOSIS; INFLAMMATION AB 2-Chloroethyl ethyl sulfide (CEES) or half-mustard gas, a sulfur mustard (HD) analog, is a genotoxic agent that causes oxidative stress and induces both apoptotic and necrotic cell death. Sodium pyruvate induced a necrosis-to-apoptosis shift in HaCaT cells exposed to CEES levels <= 1.5 mmol/L and lowered markers of DNA damage, oxidative stress, and inflammation. This study provides a rationale for the future development of multicomponent therapies for HD toxicity in the skin. We hypothesize that a combination of pyruvates with scavengers/antioxidants encapsulated in liposomes for optimal local delivery should be therapeutically beneficial against HD-induced skin injury. However, the latter suggestion should be verified in animal models exposed to HD. C1 [Paromov, Victor] E Tennessee State Univ, Dept Pharmacol, Quillen Coll Med, Johnson City, TN 37604 USA. [Brannon, Marianne; Kumari, Sudha; Samala, Mallikarjun; Stone, William L.] E Tennessee State Univ, Dept Pediat, Quillen Coll Med, Johnson City, TN 37604 USA. [Qui, Min] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Smith, Milton] AMAOX Ltd, Melbourne, FL USA. RP Paromov, V (reprint author), E Tennessee State Univ, Dept Pharmacol, Quillen Coll Med, Johnson City, TN 37604 USA. EM paromov@etsu.edu RI Stone, William/B-6499-2008 OI Stone, William/0000-0002-6829-0417 FU United States Army Medical Research Command (USAMRMC) [W81XWH-05-2-0034, W81XWH-06-2-044] FX The author(s) disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research of this article: United States Army Medical Research Command (USAMRMC) Grants - "Topical Application of Liposomal Antioxidants for Protection against CEES Induced Skin Damage," Contract No. W81XWH-05-2-0034, and "A Proteomic Approach for Studying the Therapeutic Use of Antioxidant Liposomes," Contract No. W81XWH-06-2-044. NR 50 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 3 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 1091-5818 J9 INT J TOXICOL JI Int. J. Toxicol. PD MAR PY 2011 VL 30 IS 2 BP 197 EP 206 DI 10.1177/1091581810390824 PG 10 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 757UR UT WOS:000290113700007 PM 21300769 ER PT J AU Ishida, K Stupp, P McDonald, O AF Ishida, Kanako Stupp, Paul McDonald, Olivia TI Prevalence and Correlates of Sexual Risk Behaviors Among Jamaican Adolescents SO INTERNATIONAL PERSPECTIVES ON SEXUAL AND REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH LA English DT Article ID YOUNG ADOLESCENTS; CARIBBEAN YOUTH; HEALTH; INTERCOURSE; PREGNANCY; CHILDBEARING; COMMUNITIES; MARRIAGE; VIOLENCE AB CONTEXT: Despite high levels of sexual activity and risk behaviors among Jamaican youth, few population-based studies have examined their prevalence or correlates. METHODS: The prevalence of three sexual risk behaviors was assessed using data from the 2008-2009 Jamaican Reproductive Health Survey on a subsample of adolescents aged 15-19 who neither were in a union nor had a child. Factors associated with the risk behaviors were examined separately for females and males, using bivariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression. RESULTS: In the year prior to the survey, 32% of females and 54% of males had had sexual intercourse; of those, 12% and 52%, respectively, had had more than one sexual partner, and 49% and 46% had used condoms inconsistently or not at all. School enrollment was protective against females being sexually active and males having multiple partners. Females who were enrolled in an age-appropriate or higher grade had decreased odds of using condoms inconsistently or not at all, and males who were enrolled in a lower than age-appropriate grade had a decreased risk of being sexually active. Males in the lowest wealth tercile were less likely than those in the highest tercile to have been sexually active or to have had multiple partners. Weekly attendance at religious services was protective against all three risk behaviors for both genders, with the exception of inconsistent or no condom use among males. CONCLUSIONS: Future reproductive health programs should continue to target adolescents in venues other than schools and churches, and should also address the varying needs of females and males. International Perspectives on Sexual and Reproductive Health, 37(1):6-15,doi:10.1363/3700611 C1 [Ishida, Kanako] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [McDonald, Olivia] Natl Family Planning Board, Kingston, Jamaica. RP Ishida, K (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM kishida@cdc.gov NR 38 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 2 U2 6 PU ALAN GUTTMACHER INST PI NEW YORK PA 125 MAIDEN LANE, 7TH FLOOR, NEW YORK, NY 10038 USA SN 1944-0391 J9 INT PERSPECT SEX R H JI Int. Perspect. Sex Reprod. Health PD MAR PY 2011 VL 37 IS 1 BP 6 EP 15 DI 10.1363/3700611 PG 10 WC Demography; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences, Biomedical SC Demography; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Biomedical Social Sciences GA 755UX UT WOS:000289965700001 PM 21478083 ER PT J AU Amirkhani, MA Alavian, SM Maesoumi, H Aminaie, T Dashti, M Ardalan, G Ziaoddini, H Mirmoghtadaee, P Poursafa, P Kelishadi, R AF Amirkhani, M. A. Alavian, S. M. Maesoumi, H. Aminaie, T. Dashti, M. Ardalan, G. Ziaoddini, H. Mirmoghtadaee, P. Poursafa, P. Kelishadi, R. TI A Nationwide Survey of Prevalence of Pediculosis in Children and Adolescents in Iran SO IRANIAN RED CRESCENT MEDICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Pediculosis; Children; Prevalence; Iran ID HEAD LICE; SCHOOL-CHILDREN; CAPITIS; SCHOOLCHILDREN; INFESTATION; AUSTRALIA; PUPILS AB Background: Since 2005, pediculosis is one of the obligatory reportable diseases from community to the Center of Disease Control. This study is the first nationwide survey on the prevalence of pediculosis and some associated risk factors in Iranian children and adolescents. Methods: National data of the Ministry of Health and Medical Education were gathered in 2005 through school screening programs and obligatory reports from the country health centers. Results: 12,359,448 Iranian children and adolescents were screened in 2005. Overall, 213,450 students, consisting of 198,947 girls and 14,320 boys were reported to have pediculosis. The prevalence of pediculosis was 581 per 100,000 population that varied from 1/100 000 to 8,303/100,000. In general, the highest prevalence of pediculosis was documented in south-eastern cities. The prevalence of pediculosis was significantly higher in girls than in boys (93% vs.7%, respectively, p < 0.0001). In both genders, the highest prevalence of pediculosis was documented in the 6-10- year age group. Of those infected, 62% lived in rural areas, and 32% of those infected with pediculosis had a previous history of this infection. Most (99.37%) infected individuals had head lice, the rest had body and pubic pediculosis. Conclusion: The prevalence of pediculosis is low in Iranian children and adolescents, but this infestation is still a health problem in some south-eastern cities with warm climate and low to middle socioeconomic status. C1 [Kelishadi, R.] Isfahan Univ Med Sci, Dept Pediat, Pediat Prevent Res Ctr, Esfahan, Iran. [Amirkhani, M. A.] Minist Hlth & Med Educ, Direcor Gen Family Hlth Populat & Sch Hlth Bur, Tehran, Iran. [Alavian, S. M.] Baqiyatallah Univ Med Sci, Liver & Gastrointestinal Res Ctr, Dept Gastroenterol & Hepatol, Tehran, Iran. [Maesoumi, H.] Ctr Dis Control, Dept Pediat Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Aminaie, T.; Dashti, M.] Minist Hlth & Med Educ, Dept Hlth & Phys Activ & Prevent Social Hazards, Tehran, Iran. [Mirmoghtadaee, P.] Isfahan Univ Med Sci, Dept Community & Prevent Med, Esfahan, Iran. [Poursafa, P.] Islamic Azad Univ, Tehran Res & Sci Branch, Tehran, Iran. RP Kelishadi, R (reprint author), Isfahan Univ Med Sci, Dept Pediat, Pediat Prevent Res Ctr, Esfahan, Iran. EM Kroya@aap.net RI Kelishadi, Roya/E-6154-2012; OI Kelishadi, Roya/0000-0001-7455-1495; Alavian., Seyed Moayed/0000-0002-4443-6602 FU Undersecretary for Health, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Iran FX The authors appreciate the help of all healthcare providers in all health centers affiliated to the Ministry of Health and Medical Education in Iran. This study was funded by Undersecretary for Health, Ministry of Health and Medical Education, Iran. NR 21 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU KOWSAR PUBL PI HOENSBROEK PA PATERSWEG 22,, HOENSBROEK, LIMBURG 6431 GC, NETHERLANDS SN 2074-1804 EI 2074-1812 J9 IRAN RED CRESCENT ME JI Iran. Red Crescent Med. J. PD MAR PY 2011 VL 13 IS 3 BP 167 EP 170 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 755TE UT WOS:000289958800003 PM 22737457 ER PT J AU Kuklina, E Tong, X Bansil, P George, MG Callaghan, WM AF Kuklina, Elena Tong, Xin Bansil, Pooja George, Mary G. Callaghan, William M. TI Trends In Pregnancy Hospitalizations That Included A Stroke In The United States From 1994 To 2007: Reasons For Concerns? SO STROKE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT International Stroke Conference CY FEB 08-10, 2011 CL Los Angeles, CA SP Amer Heart Assoc, Amer Stroke Assoc C1 [Kuklina, Elena; Tong, Xin; Bansil, Pooja; George, Mary G.; Callaghan, William M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0039-2499 J9 STROKE JI Stroke PD MAR PY 2011 VL 42 IS 3 BP E190 EP E190 PG 1 WC Clinical Neurology; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 723AW UT WOS:000287479400502 ER PT J AU Swanson, ME Wall, S Kisker, E Peterson, C AF Swanson, Mark E. Wall, Shavaun Kisker, Ellen Peterson, Carla TI Health disparities in low-income families with infants and toddlers: Needs and challenges related to disability SO JOURNAL OF CHILD HEALTH CARE LA English DT Article DE child health; disability; inequalities in health ID CARE NEEDS; ETHNIC DISPARITIES; CHILDREN; ACCESS; RACE; EXPENDITURES; POVERTY; GENDER AB This study examines disparities in health status, health care utilization, insurance coverage and satisfaction in US low-income parents of infants and toddlers with disabilities compared to low-income parents of children without disabilities. The Early Head Start Research and Evaluation Project is a longitudinal study involving 2087 families in 17 communities across the United States. Families completed interviews at enrollment and at 7, 16, and 28 months after enrollment. Descriptive analyses were conducted to characterize children's status in terms of health, health care use, and insurance coverage. Children with disabilities were more likely to experience poor health and to use more health care services. Parents of children with disabilities were more likely to report that medical care was inadequate. Hispanic children were less likely to experience excellent health. Hispanic parents were less likely to have health insurance or to report that their medical care was adequate. Low-income parents of young children with disabilities perceived their children as less healthy, more vulnerable and needing more health services. This study demonstrates the importance of providing accessible, culturally-competent services to this vulnerable population. C1 [Swanson, Mark E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Wall, Shavaun] Catholic Univ Amer, Washington, DC 20064 USA. [Kisker, Ellen] Twin Peaks Partners, Longmont, CO USA. [Peterson, Carla] Iowa State Univ, Dept Human Dev & Family Studies, Ames, IA 50011 USA. RP Swanson, ME (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mailstop E-88, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM meswanson@cdc.gov FU Administration for Children and Families (ACF); US Department of Health and Human Services [105-95-1936]; Administration for Children and Families, US Department of Health and Human Services FX The findings reported here are based on research conducted as part of the national Early Head Start Research and Evaluation Project funded by the Administration for Children and Families (ACF), US Department of Health and Human Services, under Contract 105-95-1936 to the Mathematica Policy Research, Princeton, NJ, and Columbia University's Center for Children and Families, Teachers College, in conjunction with the Early Head Start Research Consortium. The Consortium consists of representatives from 17 programs participating in the evaluation, 15 local research teams, the evaluation contractors, and ACF. Research entities in the Consortium are listed at: http://www.acf.hhs.gov/programs/opre/ehs/ehs_resrch/ehs_overview.html#co nsort; This research was supported by funding from the Administration for Children and Families, US Department of Health and Human Services. NR 29 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD PI LONDON PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND SN 1367-4935 J9 J CHILD HEALTH CARE JI J. Child Health Care PD MAR PY 2011 VL 15 IS 1 BP 25 EP 38 DI 10.1177/1367493510387951 PG 14 WC Nursing; Pediatrics SC Nursing; Pediatrics GA 751LE UT WOS:000289618400003 PM 21317168 ER PT J AU Medina, YR Espitia-Hardeman, V Dellinger, AM Loayza, M Leiva, R Cisneros, G AF Medina, Yliana Rojas Espitia-Hardeman, Victoria Dellinger, Ann M. Loayza, Manuel Leiva, Rene Cisneros, Gloria TI A road traffic injury surveillance system using combined data sources in Peru SO REVISTA PANAMERICANA DE SALUD PUBLICA-PAN AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Accidents; traffic; health surveillance; emergency medical services; external causes; Latin America; Peru AB A national hospital-based nonfatal road traffic injury surveillance system was established at sentinel units across Peru in 2007 under the leadership of the Ministry of Health. Surveillance data are drawn from three different sources (hospital records, police reports, and vehicle insurance reports) and include nonfatal road traffic injuries initially attended at emergency rooms. A single data collection form is used to record information about the injured, event characteristics related to the driver of the vehicle(s), and the vehicle(s). Data are analyzed periodically and disseminated to all surveillance system participants. Results indicated young adult males (15-29 years old) were most affected by nonfatal road traffic injuries and were most often the drivers of the vehicles involved in the collision. Four-wheeled vehicle occupants comprised one-half of cases in most regions of the country, and pedestrians injured in the event accounted for almost another half. The system established in Peru could serve as a model for the use of multiple data sources in national nonfatal road traffic injury surveillance. Based on this study, the challenges of this type of system include sustaining and increasing participation among sentinel units nationwide and identifying appropriate prevention interventions at the local level based on the resulting data. C1 [Espitia-Hardeman, Victoria] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Violence Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Medina, Yliana Rojas; Loayza, Manuel] Minist Hlth, Natl Off Epidemiol, Lima, Peru. [Dellinger, Ann M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Motor Vehicle Team, Div Unintent Injury Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA USA. [Leiva, Rene] State Hlth Dept, Callao, Peru. [Cisneros, Gloria] Cayetano Heredia Natl Hosp, Lima, Peru. RP Espitia-Hardeman, V (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Violence Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM vbe2@cdc.gov OI Loayza, Manuel/0000-0001-5535-2634 NR 18 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 4 PU PAN AMER HEALTH ORGANIZATION PI WASHINGTON PA 525 23RD ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20037 USA SN 1020-4989 J9 REV PANAM SALUD PUBL JI Rev. Panam. Salud Publica PD MAR PY 2011 VL 29 IS 3 BP 191 EP 197 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 748BD UT WOS:000289364100007 PM 21484019 ER PT J AU Kingkeow, D McNicholl, JM Maneekarn, N Wongtrakul, J Taechareonkul, S Suriyanon, V Nelson, KE Duerr, A Makonkawkeyoon, S AF Kingkeow, Doungnapa McNicholl, Janet M. Maneekarn, Niwat Wongtrakul, Jeerang Taechareonkul, Sineenart Suriyanon, Vinai Nelson, Kenrad E. Duerr, Ann Makonkawkeyoon, Sanit TI Frequencies of IL10 SNP genotypes by multiplex PCR-SSP and their association with viral load and CD4 counts in HIV-1-infected Thais SO ASIAN PACIFIC JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE HIV-1; IL10 SNPs; IL10 haplotype; multiplex PCR-SSP; viral load; CD4+T cell ID TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; CD8(+) T-CELLS; DISEASE PROGRESSION; HIV-1 INFECTION; PROMOTER POLYMORPHISM; GENE POLYMORPHISMS; TNF-ALPHA; INTERLEUKIN-10; IL-10; HAPLOTYPES AB Background: Interleukin (IL)-10 is an immunoregulatory cytokine, levels of which can be influenced by single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the promoter. Some, but not all previous studies have shown associations of IL10 SNPs with HIV-1 disease progression, using markers such as viral load or CD4 count. There are few data on IL10 SNP frequencies and HIV-1 disease in regions where non-B HIV-1 subtypes predominate. Objective: To determine genotypes, haplotypes, allele frequencies and associations with markers of HIV-1 disease progression of IL10 SNPs. Methods: A new multiplexed PCR-SSP assay to detect IL10 SNPs at positions -1082, -819 and -592 was developed and used to determine genotypes and haplotypes in 244 HIV-1 CRF01_AE-infected northern Thais having a median time since HIV-1 infection of 2.7 years. Results: At position -1082 of IL10, AA genotype and A allele were the most common (87.3% and 93.2%, respectively). The -819 CT and -592 CA genotypes were the most prevalent (44.3%), and -819T and -592A were the most prevalent alleles (64.8%). The ATA/ATA was the most common genotype (42.6%) with the most prevalent haplotype of ATA (64.7%). No associations of any of the three IL10 SNPs with CD4+ or CD8+ T cell counts or with viral load were found. Conclusions: This first report of IL10-1082A, -819T and the IL10-592A allele frequencies in HIV-1-infected Thais shows the highest frequencies in HIV-1-infected persons worldwide. The lack of association of IL10 SNPs with CD4+ T cell count and viral load suggest that other genes may influence these markers in HIV-1-infected Thais. (Asian Pac J Allergy Immunol 2011;29:94-101) C1 [Kingkeow, Doungnapa; Maneekarn, Niwat; Makonkawkeyoon, Sanit] Chiang Mai Univ, Dept Microbiol, Chiang Mai 50000, Thailand. [Kingkeow, Doungnapa; Wongtrakul, Jeerang; Taechareonkul, Sineenart; Suriyanon, Vinai] Chiang Mai Univ, Res Inst Hlth Sci, Chiang Mai 50000, Thailand. [McNicholl, Janet M.; Duerr, Ann] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Nelson, Kenrad E.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Baltimore, MD USA. [Duerr, Ann] Univ Washington, Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr, HIV Vaccine Trials Ctr, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Kingkeow, D (reprint author), Chiang Mai Univ, Dept Microbiol, Chiang Mai 50000, Thailand. EM doungnapa@rihes.org OI Wongtrakul, Jeerang/0000-0002-6718-5041; wongtrakul, jeerang/0000-0003-0775-5150 FU Thailand Research Fund (TRF); National Research University under Thailand's Office of the Higher Education Commission; Royal Golden Jubilee Ph.D. Program FX This work was supported by a Royal Golden Jubilee Grant of the Thailand Research Fund (TRF), Thailand Fiscal Year 2003-2005 and the National Research University Project under Thailand's Office of the Higher Education Commission. Doungnapa Kingkeow was supported by a Royal Golden Jubilee Ph.D. Program. JHU, CDC and RIHES supported the parent studies that enrolled HIV-1-positive subjects into the cohort studies. We are grateful to staffs at the blood bank in the Chiang Mai University hospital, Thai Red Cross in Chiang Mai, Regional hospital in Lampang and RIHES for their contribution to the study. We also thank Michael Aidoo for immunogenetic training and his invaluable advice. NR 35 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU ALLERGY IMMUNOL SOC THAILAND, PI BANGKOK PA MAHIDOL UNIV, DEPT MICROBIOL IMMUNOL, FACULTY TROPICAL MED, BANGKOK 10400, THAILAND SN 0125-877X J9 ASIAN PAC J ALLERGY JI Asian Pac. J. Allergy Immunol. PD MAR PY 2011 VL 29 IS 1 BP 94 EP 101 PG 8 WC Allergy; Immunology SC Allergy; Immunology GA 750IC UT WOS:000289538800012 PM 21560494 ER PT J AU Coleman, CN Weinstock, DM Casagrande, R Hick, JL Bader, JL Chang, F Nemhauser, JB Knebel, AR AF Coleman, C. Norman Weinstock, David M. Casagrande, Rocco Hick, John L. Bader, Judith L. Chang, Florence Nemhauser, Jeffrey B. Knebel, Ann R. TI Triage and Treatment Tools for Use in a Scarce Resources-Crisis Standards of Care Setting After a Nuclear Detonation SO DISASTER MEDICINE AND PUBLIC HEALTH PREPAREDNESS LA English DT Article DE nuclear detonation; triage; scarce resources; crisis standards of care ID BURN INJURIES; RADIATION; PROBABILITY; DEATH AB Based on background information in this special issue of the journal, possible triage recommendations for the first 4 days following a nuclear detonation, when response resources will be limited, are provided. The series includes: modeling for physical infrastructure damage; severity and number of injuries; expected outcome of triage to immediate, delayed, or expectant management; resources required for treating injuries of varying severity; and how resource scarcity (particularly medical personnel) worsens outcome. Four key underlying considerations are: 1.) resource adequacy will vary greatly across the response areas by time and location; 2.) to achieve fairness in resource allocation, a common triage approach is important; 3.) at some times and locations, it will be necessary to change from "conventional" to "contingency" or "crisis" standards of medical care (with a resulting change in triage approach from treating the "sickest first" to treating those "most likely to survive" first); and 4.) clinical reassessment and repeat triage are critical, as resource scarcity worsens or improves. Changing triage order and conserving and allocating resources for both lifesaving and palliative care can maintain fairness, support symptomatic care, and save more lives. Included in this article are printable triage cards that reflect our recommendations. These are not formal guidelines. With new research, data, and discussion, these recommendations will undoubtedly evolve. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2011;5:S111-S121) C1 [Coleman, C. Norman; Bader, Judith L.; Knebel, Ann R.] US Dept HHS, Off Assistant Secretary Preparedness & Response, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. [Weinstock, David M.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dana Farber Canc Inst, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Hick, John L.] Univ Minnesota, Hennepin Cty Med Ctr, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Chang, Florence] Natl Inst Hlth, Specialized Informat Serv, Natl Lib Med, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Nemhauser, Jeffrey B.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Radiat Studies Branch, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Coleman, CN (reprint author), US Dept HHS, Off Assistant Secretary Preparedness & Response, 6130 Execut Blvd, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. EM ccoleman@mail.nih.gov FU US Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS) FX The US Department of Health and Human Services (DHHS) provided funding to support this publication and convene the authors. The contents of the articles represent the personal views of the individual authors and do not necessarily express the opinion or policy of DHHS or its components. No statement in the articles should be construed as an official position of DHHS or its components. NR 22 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 1935-7893 J9 DISASTER MED PUBLIC JI Dis. Med. Public Health Prep. PD MAR PY 2011 VL 5 SU 1 BP S111 EP S121 PG 11 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 739VM UT WOS:000288748000012 PM 21402803 ER PT J AU Vissman, AT Bloom, FR Leichliter, JS Bachmann, LH Montano, J Topmiller, M Rhodes, SD AF Vissman, Aaron T. Bloom, Fred R. Leichliter, Jami S. Bachmann, Laura H. Montano, Jaime Topmiller, Michael Rhodes, Scott D. TI Exploring the Use of Nonmedical Sources of Prescription Drugs Among Immigrant Latinos in the Rural Southeastern USA SO JOURNAL OF RURAL HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Health education; Hispanic; Latino; immigrant; prescription drugs; rural ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; UNITED-STATES; SELF-MEDICATION; PARTICIPATORY RESEARCH; HEALTH-CARE; COMMUNITY; HIV; MEN; ADULTS; INTERVENTION AB Background: Little is known about access to medicine among immigrant Latinos in the United States (US). This study explored access to, and use of, prescription drugs obtained from nonmedical sources among recently arrived, Spanish-speaking immigrant Latinos in rural North Carolina (NC). Methods: Our community-based participatory research partnership collected, analyzed, and interpreted data from individual in-depth interviews with Latino community members and rural health service providers. A purposive sample of 30 community members, including traditional healers, religious leaders, transgender Latinos, heterosexual Latino men and women, and Latino gay men, were interviewed to gain emic ("insider") perspectives on use of nonmedical sources of prescription drugs. Six local Latino health service providers also were interviewed to gain etic ("outsider") perspectives on use. Results: Participants described the roles of tiendas (grocers), family, and social networks in accessing treatment advice and prescription drugs. They described health care expectations among immigrants and contingencies for accessing prescription drugs in the US. Prescription medicines (eg, antibiotics, hormones, Viagra, analgesics), injection equipment (eg, syringes), and medical advice were identified as readily available from nonmedical sources. Conclusions: Increased access to formalized health care and effective health education initiatives are needed to meet the challenges facing immigrant Latinos. C1 [Rhodes, Scott D.] Wake Forest Univ, Dept Social Sci & Hlth Policy, Div Publ Hlth Sci, Sch Med, Winston Salem, NC 27157 USA. [Bloom, Fred R.; Leichliter, Jami S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Bachmann, Laura H.; Rhodes, Scott D.] Wake Forest Univ, Infect Dis Sect, Dept Internal Med, Sch Med, Winston Salem, NC 27157 USA. [Bachmann, Laura H.] WG Hefner Med Ctr, Infect Dis Sect, Salisbury, NC USA. [Montano, Jaime] Chatham Social Hlth Council, Siler City, NC USA. [Topmiller, Michael] Univ Cincinnati, Dept Reg Planning, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Rhodes, Scott D.] Wake Forest Univ, Maya Angelou Ctr Hlth Equ, Sch Med, Winston Salem, NC 27157 USA. RP Rhodes, SD (reprint author), Wake Forest Univ, Dept Social Sci & Hlth Policy, Div Publ Hlth Sci, Sch Med, Med Ctr Blvd, Winston Salem, NC 27157 USA. EM srhodes@wfubmc.edu FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC); North Carolina Department of Health and Human Services [02885-08] FX This study was funded by a grant to Dr. Scott D. Rhodes from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) and the North Carolina Department of Health and Human Services-02885-08. For further information, contact: Scott D. Rhodes, PhD, MPH, CHES, Department of Social Sciences and Health Policy, Division of Public Health Sciences, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC 27157-1063; e-mail srhodes@wfubmc.edu. NR 35 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 8 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0890-765X J9 J RURAL HEALTH JI J. Rural Health PD SPR PY 2011 VL 27 IS 2 BP 159 EP 167 DI 10.1111/j.1748-0361.2010.00323.x PG 9 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 744SJ UT WOS:000289114500003 PM 21457308 ER PT J AU Baur, C AF Baur, Cynthia TI Calling the nation to act: Implementing the national action plan to improve health literacy SO NURSING OUTLOOK LA English DT Article DE Health literacy; National action plan to improve health literacy; Call to action; Health communication; Health information; Provider-patient communication AB The National Action Plan to Improve Health Literacy is a framework that all clinical and public health professionals, including nurses, can use to identify and address health literacy barriers that negatively affect patient care and individual and community health outcomes. Of all the clinical disciplines, nursing has a unique relationship to health literacy because nurses are responsible for the majority of patient, caregiver and community health education, and communication. The information in the Action Plan is applicable to many fields and disciplines, such as healthcare, public health, communication, and education. Leading educators, researchers, practitioners, and administrators in each relevant discipline have a responsibility to be informed about health literacy issues and identify the most promising practices to improve health literacy in their domains. The Action Plan includes goals and strategies that nursing leaders can adapt and use to develop organization-specific action plans for health literacy improvement. The Action Plan is a call to action for all clinical professionals, especially nurses, to choose, implement, and evaluate one or more health literacy strategies so that patients will be more informed and prepared to protect, promote, and manage their health. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, US Dept HHS, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Baur, C (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, US Dept HHS, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS-E21, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM Cynthia.baur@cdc.hhs.gov NR 17 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0029-6554 J9 NURS OUTLOOK JI Nurs. Outlook PD MAR-APR PY 2011 VL 59 IS 2 SI SI BP 63 EP 69 DI 10.1016/j.outlook.2010.12.003 PG 7 WC Nursing SC Nursing GA 742GY UT WOS:000288930500003 PM 21402201 ER PT J AU Mukherjee, A Morosky, SA Delorme-Axford, E Dybdahl-Sissoko, N Oberste, MS Wang, TY Coyne, CB AF Mukherjee, Amitava Morosky, Stefanie A. Delorme-Axford, Elizabeth Dybdahl-Sissoko, Naomi Oberste, M. Steven Wang, Tianyi Coyne, Carolyn B. TI The Coxsackievirus B 3C(pro) Protease Cleaves MAVS and TRIF to Attenuate Host Type I Interferon and Apoptotic Signaling SO PLOS PATHOGENS LA English DT Article ID ANTIVIRAL INNATE IMMUNITY; DOMAIN-CONTAINING ADAPTER; TOLL-LIKE RECEPTOR-3; HEPATITIS-C-VIRUS; NF-KAPPA-B; RIG-I; DILATED CARDIOMYOPATHY; CELL APOPTOSIS; 3A PROTEINS; MYOCARDITIS AB The host innate immune response to viral infections often involves the activation of parallel pattern recognition receptor (PRR) pathways that converge on the induction of type I interferons (IFNs). Several viruses have evolved sophisticated mechanisms to attenuate antiviral host signaling by directly interfering with the activation and/or downstream signaling events associated with PRR signal propagation. Here we show that the 3C(pro) cysteine protease of coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) cleaves the innate immune adaptor molecules mitochondrial antiviral signaling protein (MAVS) and Toll/IL-1 receptor domain-containing adaptor inducing interferon-beta (TRIF) as a mechanism to escape host immunity. We found that MAVS and TRIF were cleaved in CVB3-infected cells in culture. CVB3-induced cleavage of MAVS and TRIF required the cysteine protease activity of 3C(pro), occurred at specific sites and within specialized domains of each molecule, and inhibited both the type I IFN and apoptotic signaling downstream of these adaptors. 3C(pro)-mediated MAVS cleavage occurred within its proline-rich region, led to its relocalization from the mitochondrial membrane, and ablated its downstream signaling. We further show that 3C(pro) cleaves both the N- and C-terminal domains of TRIF and localizes with TRIF to signalosome complexes within the cytoplasm. Taken together, these data show that CVB3 has evolved a mechanism to suppress host antiviral signal propagation by directly cleaving two key adaptor molecules associated with innate immune recognition. C1 [Mukherjee, Amitava; Delorme-Axford, Elizabeth] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Cell Biol & Physiol, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. [Morosky, Stefanie A.; Coyne, Carolyn B.] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Microbiol & Mol Genet, Pittsburgh, PA USA. [Dybdahl-Sissoko, Naomi; Oberste, M. Steven] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Picornavirus Lab, Atlanta, GA USA. [Wang, Tianyi] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Infect Dis & Microbiol, Pittsburgh, PA USA. RP Mukherjee, A (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Cell Biol & Physiol, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. EM coynec2@pitt.edu FU NIH [R01AI081759] FX This work was supported by funding from the NIH [R01AI081759 (CBC)]. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 47 TC 97 Z9 102 U1 0 U2 6 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1553-7366 J9 PLOS PATHOG JI PLoS Pathog. PD MAR PY 2011 VL 7 IS 3 AR e1001311 DI 10.1371/journal.ppat.1001311 PG 14 WC Microbiology; Parasitology; Virology SC Microbiology; Parasitology; Virology GA 743CQ UT WOS:000288994900005 PM 21436888 ER PT J AU Feder, L Niolon, PH Campbell, J Wallinder, J Nelson, R Larrouy, H AF Feder, Lynette Niolon, Phyllis Holditch Campbell, Jacquelyn Wallinder, Jan Nelson, Robin Larrouy, Hattie TI The Need for Experimental Methodology in Intimate Partner Violence: Finding Programs That Effectively Prevent IPV SO VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN LA English DT Article DE experimental research; intimate partner violence; prevention ID RANDOMIZED FIELD TRIALS; NURSE HOME VISITATION; DOMESTIC VIOLENCE; CRIMINAL-JUSTICE; PREGNANT-WOMEN; INTERVENTIONS; OUTCOMES; LESSONS; ABUSE; HARM AB The lack of rigorous evaluations of intimate partner violence (IPV) programs has severely limited our knowledge about what works. However, IPV programs can be rigorously evaluated through randomized controlled trials (RCTs) conducted ethically and safely. This article provides an example of how a RCT to test an IPV preventive intervention-the Enhanced Nurse Family Partnership Study (ENFPS)-was successfully implemented by a partnership of researchers and practitioners. The article concludes with some recommendations, arrived at by the researchers and practitioners on the ENFPS team, for achieving a successful collaboration thought to be essential in executing a field experiment. C1 [Feder, Lynette] Portland State Univ, Portland, OR 97201 USA. [Niolon, Phyllis Holditch] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Violence Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Campbell, Jacquelyn] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Nursing, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. RP Feder, L (reprint author), Portland State Univ, Univ Ctr Bldg,INR Mail Drop,1881 SW 5th Ave,Room, Portland, OR 97201 USA. EM LFeder@pdx.edu FU NCIPC CDC HHS [HHS-1-U49-CE000516] NR 64 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 9 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 1077-8012 J9 VIOLENCE AGAINST WOM JI Violence Against Women PD MAR PY 2011 VL 17 IS 3 SI SI BP 340 EP 358 DI 10.1177/1077801211398620 PG 19 WC Women's Studies SC Women's Studies GA 745YM UT WOS:000289207600005 PM 26086980 ER PT J AU Do, BT Hootman, JM Helmick, CG Brady, TJ AF Do, Barbara T. Hootman, Jennifer M. Helmick, Charles G. Brady, Teresa J. TI Monitoring Healthy People 2010 Arthritis Management Objectives: Education and Clinician Counseling for Weight Loss and Exercise SO ANNALS OF FAMILY MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE Arthritis; counseling; overweight; obesity; physical activity; self management education; NHIS; BRFSS; Healthy People 2010 ID PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; PRIMARY-CARE; CONTROLLED-TRIAL; SELF-MANAGEMENT; PATIENT EDUCATION; INTERVIEW SURVEY; PUBLIC-HEALTH; OLDER-PEOPLE; POPULATION; ADVICE AB PURPOSE Our goal was to monitor the progress of 3 Healthy People 2010 (HP2010) objectives encouraging self-management education and clinician counseling for weight loss and physical activity among adults with doctor-diagnosed arthritis. METHODS Using the national 2002 and 2006 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) and state-based 2003 and 2007 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS), we estimated the change in proportion of persons counseled for each objective, overall and by selected characteristics. RESULTS Nationally, the proportion of overweight and obese adults with doctor-diagnosed arthritis who were counseled by their clinician to lose weight to lessen their arthritis symptoms increased significantly from 35.0% (95% confidence interval [CI], 32.8%-37.2%) in 2002 to 41.3% (95% CI, 38.7%-44.0%) in 2006 but have ye: to reach the 2010 target of 46%. There was no change in the proportion of adults with doctor-diagnosed arthritis who had ever taken a self-management education class (approximately 11%) or who had been counseled to engage in physical activity (approximately 52%), whose targets for 2010 are 13% and 67%, respectively. States had variable findings. CONCLUSIONS Nationally, significant progress has been made by clinicians for weight counseling of overweight and obese adults with doctor-diagnosed arthritis hut not for the other 2 arthritis management objectives. Because clinician counseling can have important effects or the latter, :his discrepancy suggests a need to focus on barriers to physician counseling for these outcomes. C1 [Do, Barbara T.; Hootman, Jennifer M.; Helmick, Charles G.; Brady, Teresa J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Helmick, CG (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 4770 Buford Hwy,MS K-51, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM cgh1@cdc.gov OI Do, Barbara Thanh/0000-0002-6012-1168 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Association for Prevention Teaching and Research [1 19/19-CCD07-001, FOA CDHM05049] FX This study was supported in part through a cooperative agreement between the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the Association for Prevention Teaching and Research, fellowship identification # 1 19/19-CCD07-001, FOA # CDHM05049. NR 36 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 4 PU ANNALS FAMILY MEDICINE PI LEAWOOD PA 11400 TOMAHAWK CREEK PARKWAY, LEAWOOD, KS 66211-2672 USA SN 1544-1709 J9 ANN FAM MED JI Ann. Fam. Med. PD MAR-APR PY 2011 VL 9 IS 2 BP 136 EP 141 DI 10.1370/afm.1210 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 743ND UT WOS:000289024100008 PM 21403140 ER PT J AU Rinchiuso-Hasselmann, A McKay, RL Williams, CA Starr, DT Morgenthau, BM Zucker, JR Raphael, M AF Rinchiuso-Hasselmann, Anne McKay, Ryan L. Williams, Christopher A. Starr, David T. Morgenthau, Beth Maldin Zucker, Jane R. Raphael, Marisa TI PROTECTING THE PUBLIC FROM H1N1 THROUGH POINTS OF DISPENSING (PODs) SO BIOSECURITY AND BIOTERRORISM-BIODEFENSE STRATEGY PRACTICE AND SCIENCE LA English DT Article AB In fall 2009, the New York City Department of Health and Mental Hygiene (DOHMH) operated 58 points of dispensing (PODs) over 5 weekends to provide influenza A (H1N1) 2009 monovalent vaccination to New Yorkers. Up to 7 sites were opened each day across the 5 boroughs, with almost 50,000 New Yorkers being vaccinated. The policies and protocols used were based on those developed for New York City's POD Plan, the cornerstone of the city's mass prophylaxis planning. Before the H1N1 experience, NYC had not opened more than 5 PODs simultaneously and had only experienced the higher patient volume seen with the H1N1 PODs on 1 prior occasion. Therefore, DOHMH identified factors that contributed to the success of POD operations, as well as areas for improvement to inform future mass prophylaxis planning and response. Though this was a relatively small-scale, preplanned operation, during which a maximum of 7 PODs were operated on a given day, the findings have implications for larger-scale mass prophylaxis planning for emergencies. C1 [Starr, David T.] New York City Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, Off Emergency Preparedness & Response, Countermeasures Response Unit, New York, NY USA. [Zucker, Jane R.] New York City Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, Bur Immunizat, New York, NY USA. [Zucker, Jane R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Raphael, M (reprint author), NYC Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, 125 Worth St,Box CN-22E, New York, NY 10013 USA. EM mraphael@health.nyc.gov NR 13 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 4 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1538-7135 J9 BIOSECUR BIOTERROR JI Biosecur. Bioterror. PD MAR PY 2011 VL 9 IS 1 BP 13 EP 21 DI 10.1089/bsp.2010.0049 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; International Relations SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; International Relations GA 734EL UT WOS:000288316700002 PM 21361797 ER PT J AU Zane, DF Bayleyegn, TM Hellsten, J Beal, R Beasley, C Haywood, T Wiltz-Beckham, D Wolkin, AF AF Zane, David F. Bayleyegn, Tesfaye M. Hellsten, John Beal, Ryan Beasley, Crystal Haywood, Tracy Wiltz-Beckham, Dana Wolkin, Amy F. TI Tracking Deaths Related to Hurricane Ike, Texas, 2008 SO DISASTER MEDICINE AND PUBLIC HEALTH PREPAREDNESS LA English DT Article DE hurricanes; disasters; mortality surveillance; Hurricane Ike ID MORTALITY; DISASTER; FLORIDA AB Background: On September 13, 2008, Hurricane Ike, a category 2 storm with maximum sustained winds of 110 mph, made landfall near Galveston, Texas. Ike produced a damaging, destructive, and deadly storm surge across the upper Texas and southwestern Louisiana coasts. Thirty-four Texas counties were declared disaster areas by the Federal Emergency Management Agency; 15 counties were under mandatory evacuation orders. To describe causes of death associated with this hurricane and identify prevention strategies during the response and recovery phases, the Texas Department of State Health Services (DSHS) monitored mortality data in 44 counties throughout the state. This report summarizes Ike-related deaths reported by Texas medical examiners, justices of the peace (coroners), forensic centers, public health officials, and hospitals. Methods: Based on the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) disaster-related mortality surveillance form, DSHS developed a state-specific 1-page form and collected (optimally daily) data on demographic, date and place of death, and cause and circumstance of deaths. A case was defined as any death that was directly or indirectly related to Ike among evacuees, residents, nonresidents, or rescue personnel in the declared disaster counties, counties along the Texas Gulf coast or counties known to have evacuation shelters occurring September 8, 2008, through October 13, 2008. Analyzed data were shared with the state emergency operation center and the CDC on a daily basis. Results: The surveillance identified 74 deaths in Texas as directly (10 [14%]), indirectly (49 [66%]), or possibly (15 [20%]) related to Ike. The majority of deaths (n=57) were reported by medical examiners. Deaths occurred in 16 counties of the 44 counties covered by the surveillance. The majority of deaths occurred in Harris and Galveston (28 [38%] and 17 [23%]), respectively. The deceased ranged in age from younger than 1 year to 85 years, with an average age of 46 years (median 50 years); 70% were male. Of the 74 deaths, 47 (64%) resulted from injuries, 23 (31%) from illnesses, and 4 (5%) were undetermined. Among the injuries, carbon monoxide poisoning (13 [18%]) and drowning (8 [11%]) were the leading causes of injury-related deaths. Cardiovascular failure (12 [16%]) was the leading cause of illness-related deaths. Conclusions: Defining the relation of death to hurricane using an active mortality surveillance system is possible. The active mortality surveillance form used in Ike provided valuable daily information to DSHS, state emergency management officials, and the CDC regarding the characteristics of deaths in the state. Most of the Ike-related deaths were caused by injury (direct and indirectly related) such as carbon monoxide poisonings and drowning and may have been preventable by educating the public. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2011; 5:23-28) C1 [Zane, David F.] Texas Dept State Hlth Serv, Community Preparedness Sect MC 1926, Austin, TX 78714 USA. [Bayleyegn, Tesfaye M.; Wolkin, Amy F.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Div Environm Hazards & Hlth Effects, Atlanta, GA USA. [Wiltz-Beckham, Dana] Galveston Cty Hlth District, Galveston, TX USA. RP Zane, DF (reprint author), Texas Dept State Hlth Serv, Community Preparedness Sect MC 1926, POB 149347, Austin, TX 78714 USA. EM david.zane@dshs.state.tx.us FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Texas Department of State Health Services FX This study was supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the Texas Department of State Health Services. NR 23 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 12 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 1935-7893 J9 DISASTER MED PUBLIC JI Dis. Med. Public Health Prep. PD MAR PY 2011 VL 5 IS 1 BP 23 EP 28 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 730CP UT WOS:000288009100005 PM 21402823 ER PT J AU Donnelly, EH Smith, JM Farfan, EB Ozcan, I AF Donnelly, Elizabeth H. Smith, James M. Farfan, Eduardo B. Ozcan, Ibrahim TI Prenatal Radiation Exposure: Background Material for Counseling Pregnant Patients Following Exposure to Radiation SO DISASTER MEDICINE AND PUBLIC HEALTH PREPAREDNESS LA English DT Article DE prenatal radiation exposure; radiation health effects; radiological emergencies; fetal radiation dose; tutorial ID BOMB SURVIVORS; PO-210 AB Fetal sensitivity to radiation-induced health effects is related to gestational age, and it is highly dependent on fetal dose. Typical fetal doses from diagnostic radiology are usually below any level of concern. Although rare, significant fetal radiation doses can result from interventional medical exposures (fluoroscopically guided techniques), radiation therapy, or radiological or nuclear incidents, including terrorism. The potential health effects from these large radiation doses (possibly large enough to result in acute radiation syndrome in the expectant mother) include growth retardation, malformations, impaired brain function, and neoplasia. If exposure occurs during blastogenesis (and the embryo survives), there is a low risk for congenital abnormalities. (In all stages of gestation, radiation-induced noncancer health effects have not been reported for fetal doses below about 0.05 Gy [5 rad].) The additional risk for childhood cancer from prenatal radiation exposure is about 12% per Gy (0.12%/rad) above the background incidence. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness, 2011;5:62-68) C1 [Donnelly, Elizabeth H.; Smith, James M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Farfan, Eduardo B.] Savannah River Natl Lab Environm Sci & Biotechnol, Savannah, GA USA. [Ozcan, Ibrahim] Lawrence Berkeley Lab, Berkeley, CA USA. RP Donnelly, EH (reprint author), 2995 Kammeyer Ln, Chamblee, GA 30341 USA. EM edonnelly@cdc.gov NR 28 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 1935-7893 J9 DISASTER MED PUBLIC JI Dis. Med. Public Health Prep. PD MAR PY 2011 VL 5 IS 1 BP 62 EP 68 DI 10.1097/DMP.0b013e3181b65941 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 730CP UT WOS:000288009100010 PM 21402828 ER PT J AU Meredith, LS Eisenman, DP Tanielian, T Taylor, SL Basurto-Davila, R Zazzali, J Diamond, D Cienfuegos, B Shields, S AF Meredith, Lisa S. Eisenman, David P. Tanielian, Terri Taylor, Stephanie L. Basurto-Davila, Ricardo Zazzali, James Diamond, Dickson Cienfuegos, Barbara Shields, Sandra TI Prioritizing "Psychological" Consequences for Disaster Preparedness and Response: A Framework for Addressing the Emotional, Behavioral, and Cognitive Effects of Patient Surge in Large-Scale Disasters SO DISASTER MEDICINE AND PUBLIC HEALTH PREPAREDNESS LA English DT Article DE disaster preparedness and response; health care services; mental health; surge capacity ID POSTTRAUMATIC-STRESS-DISORDER; 2003 SARS OUTBREAK; HEALTH-CARE; SEPTEMBER 11; TERRORISM; EMERGENCY; CAPACITY; TORONTO; ATTACKS; IMPACT AB While information for the medical aspects of disaster surge is increasingly available, there is little guidance for health care facilities on how to manage the psychological aspects of large-scale disasters that might involve a surge of psychological casualties. In addition, no models are available to guide the development of training curricula to address these needs. This article describes 2 conceptual frameworks to guide hospitals and clinics in managing such consequences. One framework was developed to understand the antecedents of psychological effects or "psychological triggers" (restricted movement, limited resources, limited information, trauma exposure, and perceived personal or family risk) that cause the emotional, behavioral, and cognitive reactions following large-scale disasters. Another framework, adapted from the Donabedian quality of care model, was developed to guide appropriate disaster response by health care facilities in addressing the consequences of reactions to psychological triggers. This framework specifies structural components (internal organizational structure and chain of command, resources and infrastructure, and knowledge and skills) that should be in place before an event to minimize consequences. The framework also specifies process components (coordination with external organizations, risk assessment and monitoring, psychological support, and communication and information sharing) to support evidence-informed interventions. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness, 2011;5:73-80) C1 [Meredith, Lisa S.; Eisenman, David P.] RAND Corp, Santa Monica, CA 90407 USA. [Eisenman, David P.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Med, David Geffen Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. [Tanielian, Terri] RAND Corp, Arlington, VA USA. [Taylor, Stephanie L.] VA Greater Los Angeles, Ctr Excellence Study Healthcare Provider Behav, Sepulveda, CA USA. [Basurto-Davila, Ricardo] Ctr Dis Control, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Zazzali, James] Genentech Inc, San Francisco, CA 94080 USA. [Diamond, Dickson; Cienfuegos, Barbara] Los Angeles Cty Dept Publ Hlth, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Shields, Sandra] Emergency Med Serv, Los Angeles Cty Dept Health Serv, Sante Fe Springs, CA USA. RP Meredith, LS (reprint author), RAND Corp, 1776 Main St, Santa Monica, CA 90407 USA. EM lisa_meredith@rand.org FU US Department of Health and Human Services FX Funding for this study was provided by the Hospital Preparedness Program grant (US Department of Health and Human Services). NR 46 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 4 U2 14 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 1935-7893 J9 DISASTER MED PUBLIC JI Dis. Med. Public Health Prep. PD MAR PY 2011 VL 5 IS 1 BP 73 EP 80 DI 10.1001/dmp.2010.47 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 730CP UT WOS:000288009100012 PM 21402830 ER PT J AU Stroud, C Altevogt, BM Butler, JC Duchin, JS AF Stroud, Clare Altevogt, Bruce M. Butler, Jay C. Duchin, Jeffrey S. TI The Institute of Medicine's Forum on Medical and Public Health Preparedness for Catastrophic Events: Regional Workshop Series on the 2009 H1N1 Influenza Vaccination Campaign SO DISASTER MEDICINE AND PUBLIC HEALTH PREPAREDNESS LA English DT Editorial Material DE H1N1 influenza; pandemic; vaccination campaign AB In response to the 2009 H1N1 influenza pandemic, public health authorities launched an ambitious vaccination program to protect tens of millions of Americans from the virus. In April and May 2010, the Institute of Medicine Forum on Medical and Public Health Preparedness for Catastrophic Events hosted a series of 3 regional workshops to examine the 2009 H1N1 vaccination campaign. The workshops brought together stakeholders involved in distributing and dispensing H1N1 vaccine to discuss successes and challenges and to identify strategies to improve future vaccination programs and other medical countermeasure dispensing campaigns. On the basis of the presentations and the discussions that followed, several themes and opportunities for future efforts were identified in the following areas: vaccine supply and demand; state and local implementation of Centers for Disease Control and Prevention/Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices recommendations, including prioritization for vaccination; vaccine formulations and priority groups; opportunities for developing partnerships; opportunities to increase seasonal vaccination rates among pregnant women and health care workers and to increase acceptance of live attenuated nasal spray vaccine; standardization and improvement of immunization information management systems; opportunities to simplify, systematize, and automate processes and practices; and research needs and opportunities. (Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness, 2011;5:81-86) C1 [Stroud, Clare; Altevogt, Bruce M.] Forum Med & Publ Hlth Preparedness Catastroph Eve, Inst Med, Washington, DC 20001 USA. [Butler, Jay C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Duchin, Jeffrey S.] Publ Health Seattle & King Cty, Seattle, WA USA. RP Stroud, C (reprint author), Forum Med & Publ Hlth Preparedness Catastroph Eve, Inst Med, 500 5th St NW, Washington, DC 20001 USA. EM cstroud@nas.edu NR 8 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 1935-7893 J9 DISASTER MED PUBLIC JI Dis. Med. Public Health Prep. PD MAR PY 2011 VL 5 IS 1 BP 81 EP 86 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 730CP UT WOS:000288009100013 PM 21402831 ER PT J AU Sanchez, F Colomes, JLL Villarino, E Grosset, J AF Sanchez, Francesca Lopez Colomes, Jose L. Villarino, Elsa Grosset, Jacques TI New drugs for tuberculosis treatment SO ENFERMEDADES INFECCIOSAS Y MICROBIOLOGIA CLINICA LA English DT Article DE High dose of rifamycins; New drug combinations ID MULTIDRUG-RESISTANT TUBERCULOSIS; EARLY BACTERICIDAL ACTIVITY; ONCE-WEEKLY RIFAPENTINE; IN-VITRO ACTIVITIES; MYCOBACTERIUM-TUBERCULOSIS; PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS; MURINE TUBERCULOSIS; NITROIMIDAZOPYRAN PA-824; COMPARATIVE PHARMACOKINETICS; FLUOROQUINOLONE RESISTANCE AB Available data on anti-tuberculosis drug research reveal different properties of the agents and provoke speculation about future directions. Higher doses of the rifamycins are promising and are currently being evaluated in regimens of shorter duration that the isoniazid plus rifampin-based, six-to-nine month-course therapy. Moxifloxacin and gatifloxacin might shorten tuberculosis treatment as well, possibly in combination with rifapentine, while SQ109 could enhance the activity of rifampin-containing regimens. On the other hand, co-administration of moxifloxacin and PA-824 could be active against latent tuberculosis, whereas linezolid, PA-824 and TMC207 are candidates for a rifampin-free regimen in multidrug-resistant and extensively-resistant tuberculosis. Unfortunately, shorter than existent treatment regimens based on the new agents discussed here are likely to take at least another decade to be fully developed and implemented in clinical practice. (C) 2011 Elsevier Espana, S.L. All rights reserved. C1 [Sanchez, Francesca; Lopez Colomes, Jose L.] Hosp del Mar, Serv Med Interna & Malalties Infeccioses, Barcelona, Spain. [Sanchez, Francesca; Lopez Colomes, Jose L.; Villarino, Elsa; Grosset, Jacques] TB Trials Consortium, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Villarino, Elsa] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, Atlanta, GA USA. [Grosset, Jacques] Johns Hopkins Sch Med, Div Infect Dis, TB Dept Med, Ctr TB Res, Baltimore, MD USA. RP Sanchez, F (reprint author), Hosp del Mar, Serv Med Interna & Malalties Infeccioses, Barcelona, Spain. EM psanchez@aspb.cat NR 103 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 5 PU EDICIONES DOYMA S A PI BARCELONA PA TRAV DE GRACIA 17-21, 08021 BARCELONA, SPAIN SN 0213-005X J9 ENFERM INFEC MICR CL JI Enferm. Infec. Microbiol. Clin. PD MAR PY 2011 VL 29 SI 1 BP 47 EP 56 PG 10 WC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 739AO UT WOS:000288684200009 PM 21420567 ER PT J AU Mijatovic-Rustempasic, S Banyai, K Esona, MD Foytich, K Bowen, MD Gentsch, JR AF Mijatovic-Rustempasic, S. Banyai, K. Esona, M. D. Foytich, K. Bowen, M. D. Gentsch, J. R. TI Genome sequence based molecular epidemiology of unusual US Rotavirus A G9 strains isolated from Omaha, USA between 1997 and 2000 SO INFECTION GENETICS AND EVOLUTION LA English DT Article DE Rotavirus A; Genotype G9; VP7 gene diversity; Phylogenetic analysis ID PORCINE ROTAVIRUS; UNITED-STATES; SEROTYPE; GENOTYPE; DIVERSITY; CHILDREN; VACCINE; GASTROENTERITIS; DIARRHEA; HUNGARY AB After discovery in the early 1980s, Rotavirus A serotype G9 was detected infrequently for almost a decade. Since the mid-1990s, however, serotype G9 has emerged to become a globally common strain linked to the introduction of a single, new genetic variant of G9 VP7 gene. Studies have demonstrated that genetically divergent G9 strains co-circulated at low frequency with the emerging variants. Examples include unique U.S. G9 strains Om46/Hu/USA/1998 and Om67/Hu/USA/1998, isolated in Omaha during the 1997-1998 rotavirus season, that are more closely related phylogenetically to reference strains from the 19805 than to most emerging G9 strains from the U.S. and globally. Here, we sequenced the VP7 full open reading frame for all available G9 strains (n = 12) identified in Omaha during 1996-2000 seasons to investigate their epidemiology and evolution. In addition, the full or partial length open reading frames of the remaining 10 genes for five divergent Om46-like strains and one modern G9 variant were sequenced to evaluate their potential origin. Our findings suggest that Om46-like G9 strains may have been introduced into humans recently, perhaps in 1997-1998 when it was first detected, and the presumed original host of this VP7 gene variant may have been an animal species based on the unexpected detection of porcine rotavirus related NSP2 gene in the genome. The relatively high fitness of Om46-like strains during the 1997-1998 rotavirus season, 1 year after the globally important G9 variant was documented to be already spreading in the study area and other sites of the United States, appears to parallel findings on seasonal replacement of various genetic and antigenic variants of other common human rotavirus antigen specificities. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Mijatovic-Rustempasic, S.; Esona, M. D.; Foytich, K.; Bowen, M. D.; Gentsch, J. R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Gastroenteritis & Resp Viruses Lab Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Banyai, K.] Hungarian Acad Sci, Vet Med Res Inst, H-1581 Budapest, Hungary. RP Gentsch, JR (reprint author), 1600 Clifton Rd,NE,Mail Stop G-04, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM jrg4@cdc.gov OI Banyai, Krisztian/0000-0002-6270-1772 FU Hungarian Scientific Research Fund (OTKA) [PD76364] FX K.B. is supported by the Hungarian Scientific Research Fund (OTKA, PD76364). NR 31 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1567-1348 J9 INFECT GENET EVOL JI Infect. Genet. Evol. PD MAR PY 2011 VL 11 IS 2 BP 522 EP 527 DI 10.1016/j.meegid.2010.11.012 PG 6 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 740FO UT WOS:000288777200036 PM 21130184 ER PT J AU Azziz-Baumgartner, E McKeown, L Melvin, P Dang, Q Reed, J AF Azziz-Baumgartner, Eduardo McKeown, Loreta Melvin, Patrice Dang, Quynh Reed, Joan TI Rates of Femicide in Women of Different Races, Ethnicities, and Places of Birth: Massachusetts, 1993-2007 SO JOURNAL OF INTERPERSONAL VIOLENCE LA English DT Article DE sexual assault and domestic violence; domestic violence and cultural contexts; predicting domestic violence ID INTIMATE-PARTNER VIOLENCE; UNITED-STATES; HEALTH; ABUSE; PREGNANCY; WEIGHT AB To describe the epidemiology of intimate partner violence (IPV) homicide in Massachusetts, an IPV mortality data set developed by the Massachusetts Department of Public Health was analyzed. The rates of death were estimated by dividing the number of decedents over the aged-matched population and Poisson regression was used to estimate the contribution of race, ethnicity, and foreign-born status to the risk of dying from IPV. Out of the total 270 women whose deaths were associated with IPV, 239 (89%) were killed by a male partner. Black women had a risk of dying from IPV of 16.2 per 1,000,000 person-years. Hispanic women also had a higher risk of dying from IPV than non-Hispanic women; incidence risk ratio of 9.7 (Poisson regression 95% confidence interval 6.8-13.8). IPV femicide disproportionately affected Black and Hispanic women. Agencies must consider the importance of providing culturally appropriate services to IPV survivors and their community. C1 [Azziz-Baumgartner, Eduardo; Reed, Joan] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA USA. Massachusetts Dept Publ Hlth, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Azziz-Baumgartner, E (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, 1600 Clifton Rd,NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM eha9@cdc.gov NR 34 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 4 U2 9 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0886-2605 J9 J INTERPERS VIOLENCE JI J. Interpers. Violence PD MAR PY 2011 VL 26 IS 5 BP 1077 EP 1090 DI 10.1177/0886260510365856 PG 14 WC Criminology & Penology; Family Studies; Psychology, Applied SC Criminology & Penology; Family Studies; Psychology GA 727ZT UT WOS:000287842800011 PM 20522891 ER PT J AU Luncheon, C Zack, M AF Luncheon, Cecily Zack, Matthew TI Health-Related Quality of Life of Women 18 Years Old or Older, by Sexual Orientation and Type of Sexual Partners: 2007 California Women's Health Survey SO JOURNAL OF WOMENS HEALTH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Luncheon, Cecily; Zack, Matthew] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1540-9996 J9 J WOMENS HEALTH JI J. Womens Health PD MAR PY 2011 VL 20 IS 3 MA P44 BP 471 EP 471 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Women's Studies SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Women's Studies GA 735RS UT WOS:000288435400064 ER PT J AU Stormo, AR Hawkins, N Cooper, C Saraiya, M AF Stormo, Analia Romina Hawkins, Nikki Cooper, Crystale Saraiya, Mona TI Routine Pelvic Examinations as a Population-Based Screening Tool for Gynecological Cancers: Physicians' Beliefs and Clinical Practices SO JOURNAL OF WOMENS HEALTH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Stormo, Analia Romina; Hawkins, Nikki; Saraiya, Mona] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1540-9996 J9 J WOMENS HEALTH JI J. Womens Health PD MAR PY 2011 VL 20 IS 3 MA P123 BP 499 EP 499 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Women's Studies SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Women's Studies GA 735RS UT WOS:000288435400143 ER PT J AU Janssens, ACJW Ioannidis, JPA van Duijn, CM Little, J Khoury, MJ AF Janssens, A. Cecile J. W. Ioannidis, John P. A. van Duijn, Cornelia M. Little, Julian Khoury, Muin J. CA GRIPS Grp TI Strengthening the Reporting of Genetic Risk Prediction Studies: The GRIPS Statement SO PLOS MEDICINE LA English DT Review ID EPIDEMIOLOGY; MARKER; RECOMMENDATIONS; ASSOCIATION; ELABORATION; EXPLANATION; GUIDELINES; STROBE; CURVE C1 [Janssens, A. Cecile J. W.; van Duijn, Cornelia M.] Erasmus Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Epidemiol, Rotterdam, Netherlands. [Ioannidis, John P. A.] Univ Ioannina, Sch Med, Dept Hyg & Epidemiol, GR-45110 Ioannina, Greece. [Ioannidis, John P. A.] Fdn Res & Technol, Biomed Res Inst, Ioannina, Greece. [Ioannidis, John P. A.] Tufts Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Boston, MA 02111 USA. [Ioannidis, John P. A.] Ctr Genet Epidemiol & Modeling, Boston, MA USA. [Ioannidis, John P. A.] Tufts Med Ctr, Tufts CTSI, Inst Clin Res & Hlth Policy Studies, Boston, MA USA. [Ioannidis, John P. A.] Stanford Univ, Sch Med, Stanford Prevent Res Ctr, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Little, Julian] Univ Ottawa, Dept Epidemiol & Community Med, Ottawa, ON, Canada. [Khoury, Muin J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Publ Hlth Genom, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Janssens, ACJW (reprint author), Erasmus Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Epidemiol, Rotterdam, Netherlands. EM a.janssens@erasmusmc.nl RI Ioannidis, John/G-9836-2011; janssens, cecile/L-1075-2015; OI Janssens, A Cecile/0000-0002-6153-4976 FU US Centers for Disease Control; Prevention on behalf of the Human Genome Epidemiology Network (HuGENet); Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam; Center for Medical Systems Biology, Netherlands Genomics Initiative (NGI); Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO); National Institutes of Health/National Center for Research Resources [UL1 RR025752] FX The workshop was sponsored by the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention on behalf of the Human Genome Epidemiology Network (HuGENet). A. Cecile J.W. Janssens is financially supported by grants from the Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, the Center for Medical Systems Biology in the framework of the Netherlands Genomics Initiative (NGI) and the VIDI grant of the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO). John P. A. Ioannidis: Tufts CTSI is supported by the National Institutes of Health/National Center for Research Resources (UL1 RR025752). Opinions in this paper are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position or policies of the Tufts CTSI. Julian Little holds a Canada Research Chair in Human Genome Epidemiology. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish or preparation of the manuscript. NR 26 TC 26 Z9 28 U1 2 U2 2 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1549-1277 J9 PLOS MED JI PLos Med. PD MAR PY 2011 VL 8 IS 3 AR e1000420 DI 10.1371/journal.pmed.1000420 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 742LN UT WOS:000288945200001 PM 21423587 ER PT J AU Parra, DC Hoehner, CM Hallal, PC Ribeiro, IC Reis, R Brownson, RC Pratt, M Simoes, EJ AF Parra, Diana C. Hoehner, Christine M. Hallal, Pedro C. Ribeiro, Isabela C. Reis, Rodrigo Brownson, Ross C. Pratt, Michael Simoes, Eduardo J. TI Perceived environmental correlates of physical activity for leisure and transportation in Curitiba, Brazil SO PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE Physical activity; Leisure time; Transportation; Environment; Latin America ID BUILT ENVIRONMENT; NEIGHBORHOOD ENVIRONMENT; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; ACTIVITY QUESTIONNAIRE; LATIN-AMERICA; URBAN DESIGN; WALKING; ADULTS; ATTRIBUTES; VALIDITY AB Background. Physical activity (PA) has consistently been associated with perceived environmental characteristics. Objective. To examine the association between perceived environmental attributes and various forms of PA in Curitiba, Brazil. Methods. A cross-sectional phone survey of adults was conducted in 2008 (n = 2097). The questionnaire included environmental perceptions and PA. Principal components analysis was used to identify groups of perceived environmental attributes. Multivariate methods tested the associations of PA with perceived environment characteristics. Results. Perceptions of moderate and high personal safety were positively associated with walking for transportation (53.0%, 53.1% vs. 47.3%, both adjusted ORs [aOR] = 1.5). Number of destinations within a 10-minute walk (4 and > 6 vs. < 3) was positively associated with bicycling for transportation (7.8%, 9.9% vs.4.8%, aOR = 2.5). Perception of high accessibility was positively associated with MVPA during leisure time (35.1% vs. 19.1, aOR = 1.7) and meeting recommendations for total PA (58.7% vs. 45.1%, aOR = 1.4). Perception of high quality of the pedestrian space (57.3% vs. 46.5%, aOR = 1.4) and moderate levels of personal safety (54.3% vs. 47.6%, aOR = 1.3) were also positively associated with meeting recommendations for total PA. Conclusions. Different environmental attributes were associated with different PA outcomes, suggesting that these relationships are complex and may differ from those in high-income countries. (C) 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Parra, Diana C.; Brownson, Ross C.] Washington Univ, Prevent Res Ctr St Louis, George Warren Brown Sch Social Work, St Louis, MO 63110 USA. [Hoehner, Christine M.; Brownson, Ross C.] Washington Univ, Dept Surg, Sch Med, St Louis, MO 63110 USA. [Hoehner, Christine M.; Brownson, Ross C.] Washington Univ, Alvin J Siteman Canc Ctr, Sch Med, St Louis, MO 63110 USA. [Hallal, Pedro C.] Univ Fed Pelotas, Postgrad Program Epidemiol, Pelotas, Brazil. [Ribeiro, Isabela C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Workforce & Career Dev, Air Pollut & Resp Hlth Branch, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Reis, Rodrigo] Pontificia Univ Catolica Parana, CCBS, Curso Educ, BR-80215901 Curitiba, Parana, Brazil. [Pratt, Michael] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Simoes, Eduardo J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Prevent Res Ctr Program, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Parra, DC (reprint author), 8150 Whitburn Dr 2 W, Clayton, MO 63105 USA. EM dianacpp79@yahoo.com RI Parra, Diana/D-7633-2013; Epidemiologicas, Centro de pesquisas /D-4561-2013; Reis, Rodrigo/F-7447-2012; Hallal, Pedro/A-3249-2011; Parra, Diana/B-7761-2015 OI Parra, Diana/0000-0002-9797-6231; Reis, Rodrigo/0000-0002-9872-9865; Simoes, Eduardo/0000-0003-4371-4305; Hallal, Pedro/0000-0003-1470-6461; Parra, Diana/0000-0002-9797-6231 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [U48/DP000060-01] FX This study was funded through the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention contract U48/DP000060-01 (Prevention Research Centers Program). The study was approved by the institutional review board from Washington University in St. Louis. The authors are grateful for the input of all members of the GUIA team. NR 38 TC 40 Z9 49 U1 1 U2 7 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0091-7435 J9 PREV MED JI Prev. Med. PD MAR-APR PY 2011 VL 52 IS 3-4 BP 234 EP 238 DI 10.1016/j.ypmed.2010.12.008 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 742DZ UT WOS:000288922100008 PM 21195726 ER PT J AU Gust, DA Kretsinger, K Pals, SL Gaul, ZJ Hefflefinger, JD Begley, EB Chen, RT Kilmarx, PH AF Gust, Deborah A. Kretsinger, Katrina Pals, Sherri L. Gaul, Zaneta J. Hefflefinger, James D. Begley, Elin B. Chen, Robert T. Kilmarx, Peter H. TI Male circumcision as an HIV prevention intervention in the US: Influence of health care providers and potential for risk compensation SO PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE Male circumcision; Risk compensation; Health care providers; HIV; Men who have sex with men ID INFECTION; TRIAL; MODEL; MEN AB Objective. The study aims to assess the acceptability of male circumcision as an HIV prevention intervention and the potential for risk compensation in the continental U.S. Methods, ConsumerStyles 2008 survey was used to identify correlates of 1) a "likely" or "very likely" response among uncircumcised men to "How likely are you to get circumcised if your health care provider told you that circumcision would reduce your chance of becoming HIV infected?" and 2) agreement or neutrality with a statement indicating that given the protective effects of circumcision for heterosexual men shown by research, men do not have to worry about risks like not wearing condoms during sex or having more sex partners (assessed potential for risk compensation). Results. Response rate was 50.6% (10,108/19,996). Overall, 13.1% of uncircumcised men reported they would be likely to get circumcised if their health care provider told them it would reduce the risk of HIV infection through sex with infected women. Nearly 18% of all men responded in a way indicating a potential for risk compensation if circumcised. Conclusions. Tailored educational materials about the benefits and risks, including risk compensation, associated with male circumcision as an HIV prevention intervention should be made available to health care providers and specific groups. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Gust, Deborah A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, HIV Vaccine & Special Studies Team, Epidemiol Branch, Div HIV AIDS Prevent,Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepa, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Gust, DA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, HIV Vaccine & Special Studies Team, Epidemiol Branch, Div HIV AIDS Prevent,Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepa, CDC 1600 Clifton Rd,Mail Stop E-45, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM dgust@cdc.gov OI Kilmarx, Peter/0000-0001-6464-3345 NR 15 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 4 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0091-7435 J9 PREV MED JI Prev. Med. PD MAR-APR PY 2011 VL 52 IS 3-4 BP 270 EP 273 DI 10.1016/j.ypmed.2011.01.015 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 742DZ UT WOS:000288922100017 PM 21295064 ER PT J AU Seth, P Wingood, GM DiClemente, RJ Robinson, LS AF Seth, Puja Wingood, Gina M. DiClemente, Ralph J. Robinson, LaShun S. TI Alcohol Use as a Marker for Risky Sexual Behaviors and Biologically Confirmed Sexually Transmitted Infections Among Young Adult African-American Women SO WOMENS HEALTH ISSUES LA English DT Article ID DRUG-USE; REDUCTION INTERVENTION; TRICHOMONAS-VAGINALIS; COLLEGE-STUDENTS; CLINIC PATIENTS; UNITED-STATES; SUBSTANCE USE; CONDOM USE; LOW-INCOME; HIV AB Introduction: Previous research has primarily focused on the relationship between illicit drug use and HIV/sexually transmitted infection (STI) risk behavior among African-American women. Very few studies have solely reviewed the role of alcohol use on risky sexual behavior. The present study examined the relationship between alcohol use at non-abuse levels and risky sexual behaviors and STIs among young adult African-American women. Methods: Eight hundred forty-eight African American women, ages 18 to 29, participated at baseline, with 669 and 673 women at 6 and 12 months follow-up, respectively. Participants completed an Audio Computer Assisted Survey Interview assessing sociodemographics, alcohol use, and risky sexual behaviors. Subsequently, participants provided two vaginal swab specimens for STIs. Results: Multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted for cross-sectional analyses, with illicit drug use as a covariate. Women who consumed alcohol were more likely to have multiple partners and risky partners. Binary generalized estimating equation models assessed the impact of alcohol use at baseline on risky sexual behavior and STIs over a 12-month period. Illicit drug use, intervention group, and baseline outcome measures were entered as covariates. Alcohol consumption predicted positive results for chlamydia, positive results for any STI, and never using a condom with a casual partner over a 12-month follow-up period. Discussion: Frequency of alcohol use at non-abuse levels was correlated with and predicted risky sexual behaviors and STIs. Prevention programs for African-American women should incorporate education regarding the link between alcohol and HIV/STI risk behaviors and the potential negative health consequences. Copyright (c) 2011 by the Jacobs Institute of Women's Health. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Seth, Puja; Wingood, Gina M.; DiClemente, Ralph J.; Robinson, LaShun S.] Emory Univ, Div Global HIV AIDS, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Dept Behav Sci & Hlth Educ,Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Seth, Puja; Wingood, Gina M.; DiClemente, Ralph J.] Emory Ctr AIDS Res Social & Behav Sci Core, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Seth, P (reprint author), Emory Univ, Div Global HIV AIDS, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Dept Behav Sci & Hlth Educ,Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS E-04, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM pseth@cdc.gov FU NIMH NIH HHS [R01 MH062717-02, R01 MH062717, R01-MH62717, R01 MH062717-01, R01 MH062717-03, R01 MH062717-05, R01 MH062717-04] NR 42 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 1 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1049-3867 J9 WOMEN HEALTH ISS JI Womens Health Iss. PD MAR-APR PY 2011 VL 21 IS 2 BP 130 EP 135 DI 10.1016/j.whi.2010.10.005 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Women's Studies SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Women's Studies GA 735NH UT WOS:000288422100006 PM 21276736 ER PT J AU MacDorman, MF Declercq, E Menacker, F AF MacDorman, Marian F. Declercq, Eugene Menacker, Fay TI Trends and Characteristics of Home Births in the United States by Race and Ethnicity, 1990-2006 SO BIRTH-ISSUES IN PERINATAL CARE LA English DT Article DE birth certificate; home birth; out-of-hospital birth; race and ethnic differences ID PLANNED HOME; PERINATAL-MORTALITY; HOSPITAL BIRTHS; OUTCOMES AB Background: After a gradual decline from 1990 to 2004, the percentage of births occurring at home in the United States increased by 5 percent in 2005 and that increase was sustained in 2006. The purpose of the study was to analyze trends and characteristics in home births in United States by race and ethnicity from 1990 to 2006. Methods: U.S. birth certificate data on home births were analyzed and compared with hospital births for a variety of demographic and medical characteristics. Results: From 1990 to 2006, both the number and percentage of home births increased for non-Hispanic white women, but declined for all other race and ethnic groups. In 2006, non-Hispanic white women were three to four times more likely to have a home birth than women of other race and ethnic groups. Home births were more likely than hospital births to occur to older, married women with singleton pregnancies and several previous children. For non-Hispanic white women, fewer home births than hospital births were born preterm, whereas for other race and ethnic groups a higher percentage of home births than hospital births were born preterm. For non-Hispanic white women, two-thirds of home births were delivered by midwives. In contrast, for other race and ethnic groups, most home births were delivered by either physicians or "other" attendants, suggesting that a higher proportion of these births may be unplanned home births because of emergency situations. Conclusions: Differences in the risk profile of home births by race and ethnicity are consistent with previous research, suggesting that, compared with non-Hispanic white women, a larger proportion of non-Hispanic black and Hispanic home births represent unplanned, emergency situations. (BIRTH 38:1 March 2011). C1 [MacDorman, Marian F.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Div Vital Stat, Reprod Stat Branch, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. [Declercq, Eugene] Boston Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Community Hlth Sci, Boston, MA USA. [Menacker, Fay] Social & Sci Syst Inc, Maternal & Child Hlth, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP MacDorman, MF (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Div Vital Stat, Reprod Stat Branch, 3311 Toledo Rd,Room 7318, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. OI Declercq, Eugene/0000-0001-5411-3033 NR 29 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 12 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0730-7659 J9 BIRTH-ISS PERINAT C JI Birth-Issue Perinat. Care PD MAR PY 2011 VL 38 IS 1 BP 17 EP 23 DI 10.1111/j.1523-536X.2010.00444.x PG 7 WC Nursing; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Pediatrics SC Nursing; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Pediatrics GA 723DH UT WOS:000287485900004 PM 21332770 ER PT J AU Wingo, PA Smith, RA Tevendale, HD Ferre, C AF Wingo, Phyllis A. Smith, Ruben A. Tevendale, Heather D. Ferre, Cynthia TI Recent Changes in the Trends of Teen Birth Rates, 1981-2006 SO JOURNAL OF ADOLESCENT HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Teen pregnancy; Family planning; Birth certificates ID HIGH-SCHOOL-STUDENTS; ADOLESCENT PREGNANCY; CONTRACEPTIVE USE; UNITED-STATES; CHILDBEARING; ABSTINENCE; EDUCATION; POLICIES; CANCER; HEALTH AB Purpose: To explore trends in teen birth rates by selected demographics. Methods: We used birth certificate data and joinpoint regression to examine trends in teen birth rates by age (10-14, 15-17, and 18-19 years) and race during 1981-2006 and by age and Hispanic origin during 1990-2006. Joinpoint analysis describes changing trends over successive segments of time and uses annual percentage change (APC) to express the amount of increase or decrease within each segment. Results: For teens younger than 18 years, the decline in birth rates began in 1994 and ended in 2003 (APC: -8.03% per year for ages 10-14 years; APC: -5.63% per year for ages 15-17 years). The downward trend for 18- and 19-year-old teens began earlier (1991) and ended 1 year later (2004) (APC: -2.37% per year). For each study population, the trend was approximately level during the most recent time segment, except for continuing declines for 18- and 19-year-old white and Asian/Pacific Islander teens. The only increasing trend in the most recent time segment was for 18- and 19-year-old Hispanic teens. During these declines, the age distribution of teens who gave birth shifted to slightly older ages, and the percentage whose current birth was at least their second birth decreased. Conclusions: Teen birth rates were generally level during 2003/2004-2006 after the long-term declines. Rates increased among older Hispanic teens. These results indicate a need for renewed attention to effective teen pregnancy prevention programs in specific populations. (C) 2011 Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine. C1 [Wingo, Phyllis A.; Smith, Ruben A.; Tevendale, Heather D.; Ferre, Cynthia] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Tevendale, HD (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, 4770 Buford Hwy, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM heathertevendale@cdc.hhs.gov NR 39 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1054-139X J9 J ADOLESCENT HEALTH JI J. Adolesc. Health PD MAR PY 2011 VL 48 IS 3 BP 281 EP 288 DI 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2010.07.007 PG 8 WC Psychology, Developmental; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pediatrics SC Psychology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pediatrics GA 723AN UT WOS:000287478300011 PM 21338900 ER PT J AU Hamir, AN Niezgoda, M Rupprecht, CE AF Hamir, Amir N. Niezgoda, Michael Rupprecht, Charles E. TI Recovery from and Clearance of Rabies Virus in a Domestic Ferret SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR LABORATORY ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY; NONFATAL RABIES; UNITED-STATES; BAT RABIES; PATHOGENESIS; COMA; INDUCTION; THERAPY; DOGS; MICE AB Here we document the case of a domestic ferret (Mustela putorius) that survived experimental inoculation with rabies virus of skunk origin. The ferret showed initial clinical signs of rabies (hindlimb paralysis) on day 81 after inoculation. The animal survived with paraplegia but otherwise was in an adequate nutritional state until the end of the observation period (PI day 181). At necropsy, no gross lesions were observed. Microscopic lesions were found in sections of cerebrum and spinal cord. In both tissues, the lesions were similar but were more severe with loss of neuronal parenchyma in the spinal cord. The lesions consisted of locally extensive areas with proliferation of astrocytes and moderate numbers of glial cells. Severely affected areas also contained clearly defined vacuoles in the neuropil. Multifocal areas of involvement showed mononuclear cuffing of blood vessels. In a few areas, the cuffing extended to the meninges. Rabies virus antigen was not detected by immunohistochemistry of tissue sections. C1 [Hamir, Amir N.] Univ Texas MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Dept Vet Med & Surg, Unit 63, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Niezgoda, Michael; Rupprecht, Charles E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Poxvirus & Rabies Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Hamir, AN (reprint author), Univ Texas MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Dept Vet Med & Surg, Unit 63, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM ahamir@mdanderson.org NR 33 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER ASSOC LABORATORY ANIMAL SCIENCE PI MEMPHIS PA 9190 CRESTWYN HILLS DR, MEMPHIS, TN 38125 USA SN 1559-6109 J9 J AM ASSOC LAB ANIM JI J. Amer. Assoc. Lab. Anim. Sci. PD MAR PY 2011 VL 50 IS 2 BP 248 EP 251 PG 4 WC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology SC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology GA 738MJ UT WOS:000288643600014 PM 21439220 ER PT J AU Davis, RR AF Davis, Rickie R. TI Introduction to the special issue: Hearing protection state of the art SO NOISE & HEALTH LA English DT Editorial Material C1 NIOSH, Hearing Loss Prevent Team, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. RP Davis, RR (reprint author), NIOSH, Hearing Loss Prevent Team, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM rrd1@cdc.gov OI Davis, Rickie/0000-0002-9264-2021 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MEDKNOW PUBLICATIONS PI MUMBAI PA B-9, KANARA BUSINESS CENTRE, OFF LINK RD, GHAKTOPAR-E, MUMBAI, 400075, INDIA SN 1463-1741 J9 NOISE HEALTH JI Noise Health PD MAR-APR PY 2011 VL 13 IS 51 BP 85 EP 85 DI 10.4103/1463-1741.77187 PG 1 WC Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 737KH UT WOS:000288567200001 PM 21368432 ER PT J AU Byrne, DC Davis, RR Shaw, PB Specht, BM Holland, AN AF Byrne, David C. Davis, Rickie R. Shaw, Peter B. Specht, Burgundy M. Holland, Amy N. TI Relationship between comfort and attenuation measurements for two types of earplugs SO NOISE & HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Comfort; fit-testing; hearing protector ID HEARING PROTECTION AB Noise-induced hearing loss is almost always preventable if properly fitted hearing protectors are worn to reduce exposure. Many individuals choose not to wear hearing protection because it may interfere with effective communication in the workplace or it may be uncomfortable. Hearing protector comfort has not received the same amount of attention as noise reduction capability. The present study was conducted to evaluate the comfort level of two different types of insert earplugs as well as the attenuation levels achieved by the earplugs. Attenuation levels were obtained with a commercially available earplug fit-test system, and the comfort ratings were obtained by questionnaire. The primary research objective was to determine whether hearing protector comfort was related to measured attenuation values. A linear mixed effects model provided evidence for an inverse relationship between comfort and attenuation. C1 [Byrne, David C.] NIOSH, Taft Labs, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Specht, Burgundy M.] Cincinnati VA Med Ctr, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Holland, Amy N.] Montgomery Ear Nose & Throat Ctr, Cincinnati, OH USA. RP Byrne, DC (reprint author), NIOSH, Taft Labs, 4676 Columbia Pkwy, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM dbyrne@cdc.gov OI Davis, Rickie/0000-0002-9264-2021 FU U.S. Environmental Protection Agency; NIOSH FX This project was the Capstone project for BMS and ANH for their Doctor of Audiology degrees. We would like to thank John G. Clark, Ph.D. and Peter M. Scheifele, Ph.D. for serving as advisors on this project. Funding for supplies was provided by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency through a cooperative agreement with the NIOSH. NR 16 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 4 U2 16 PU MEDKNOW PUBLICATIONS PI MUMBAI PA B-9, KANARA BUSINESS CENTRE, OFF LINK RD, GHAKTOPAR-E, MUMBAI, 400075, INDIA SN 1463-1741 J9 NOISE HEALTH JI Noise Health PD MAR-APR PY 2011 VL 13 IS 51 BP 86 EP 92 DI 10.4103/1463-1741.77193 PG 7 WC Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 737KH UT WOS:000288567200002 PM 21368433 ER PT J AU Davis, RR Shaw, PB AF Davis, Rickie R. Shaw, Peter B. TI Heat and humidity buildup under earmuff-type hearing protectors SO NOISE & HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Comfort; hearing protection; personal protective equipment ID COMFORT; DEVICES AB A major barrier to effective wear of hearing protection is comfort. This study examined several comfort indicators in the earmuff-type hearing protectors. Twenty subjects wore hearing protectors instrumented with two different temperature/humidity measurement systems (Omega and iButton) while walking a corridor for about 25 min. The instruments recorded the temperature and humidity every 10 s and their results were compared. In addition, skin surface pH was measured at the ear canal entrance before and after the task. Finally, the subject indicated earmuff comfort at the beginning and end of the session. Earmuff comfort decreased significantly over the course of the walking task. Ear canal pH became slightly less acidic, but the change was not statistically significant. The two temperature/humidity systems provided comparable results. Heat increased at about 0.3 degrees F while humidity built up at about 0.5%/min. However, the study found some limitations on the instrumentation. The complexity of the electrical connections and equipment in the Omega probe system led to loss of three subject's data. The iButton device was more robust, but provided only 256 gradations of temperature and relative humidity. Even with its limitations, the iButton device would be a valuable tool for field studies. The present study showed that the buildup of heat and humidity can be modeled using linear equations. The present study demonstrates that relatively inexpensive tools and a low-exertion task can provide important information about the under-earmuff environment, which can inform assumptions about comfort during use. C1 [Davis, Rickie R.] NIOSH, Hearing Loss Prevent Team, Engn & Phys Hazards Branch, Div Appl Res & Technol, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Shaw, Peter B.] NIOSH, Stat Team, Div Appl Res & Technol, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. RP Davis, RR (reprint author), NIOSH, Hearing Loss Prevent Team, Engn & Phys Hazards Branch, Div Appl Res & Technol, C-27,4676 Columbia Pkwy, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM rrd1@cdc.gov OI Davis, Rickie/0000-0002-9264-2021 FU NIOSH FX Source of Support: NIOSH NR 8 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 5 PU MEDKNOW PUBLICATIONS PI MUMBAI PA B-9, KANARA BUSINESS CENTRE, OFF LINK RD, GHAKTOPAR-E, MUMBAI, 400075, INDIA SN 1463-1741 J9 NOISE HEALTH JI Noise Health PD MAR-APR PY 2011 VL 13 IS 51 BP 93 EP 98 DI 10.4103/1463-1741.77200 PG 6 WC Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 737KH UT WOS:000288567200003 PM 21368434 ER PT J AU Stephenson, CM Stephenson, MR AF Stephenson, Carol Merry Stephenson, Mark R. TI Hearing loss prevention for carpenters: Part 1-Using health communication and health promotion models to develop training that works SO NOISE & HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Health communication; health promotion; hearing conservation; training ID PROTECTION USE; ATTENUATION; BEHAVIORS; EARPLUGS; SEARCH; NOISE AB In phase 1 of a large multiyear effort, health communication and health promotion models were used to develop a comprehensive hearing loss prevention training program for carpenters. Additionally, a survey was designed to be used as an evaluation instrument. The models informed an iterative research process in which the authors used key informant interviews, focus groups, and early versions of the survey tool to identify critical issues expected to be relevant to the success of the hearing loss prevention training. Commonly held attitudes and beliefs associated with occupational noise exposure and hearing losses, as well as issues associated with the use or non-use of hearing protectors, were identified. The training program was then specifically constructed to positively shape attitudes, beliefs, and behavioral intentions associated with healthy hearing behaviors - especially those associated with appropriate hearing protector use. The goal was to directly address the key issues and overcome the barriers identified during the formative research phase. The survey was finalized using factor analysis methods and repeated pilot testing. It was designed to be used with the training as an evaluation tool and thus could indicate changes over time in attitudes, beliefs, and behavioral intentions regarding hearing loss prevention. Finally, the training program was fine tuned with industry participation so that its delivery would integrate seamlessly into the existing health and safety training provided to apprentice carpenters. In phase 2, reported elsewhere in this volume, the training program and the survey were tested through a demonstration project at two sites. C1 [Stephenson, Carol Merry] NIOSH, Taft Lab, Educ & Informat Div, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Stephenson, Mark R.] NIOSH, Div Appl Res & Technol, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. RP Stephenson, CM (reprint author), NIOSH, Taft Lab, Educ & Informat Div, 4676 Columbia Pkwy,C-10, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM cstephenson@cdc.gov FU United Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners of North America (UBC) FX The authors are deeply indebted to the United Brotherhood of Carpenters and Joiners of North America (UBC) for their support through every phase of this effort. We would particularly like to express our appreciation to Mr. Joseph Durst, then the UBC Director of Health and Safety, and to UBC Master Trainers Cliff Valarose and Bronco Hollis for their assistance in coordinating focus group sessions. This effort would not have been possible without the support of Mr. Art Galae, Director, and the staff of the UBC Joint Apprenticeship Training Center, Monroe, OH, as well as Mr. Bill Smith, Director, and the staff of the UBC Joint Apprenticeship Training Center, Indianapolis, IN. Numerous other union officials and journeymen carpenters from throughout the United States provided input or review during this project. NR 34 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 7 PU MEDKNOW PUBLICATIONS PI MUMBAI PA B-9, KANARA BUSINESS CENTRE, OFF LINK RD, GHAKTOPAR-E, MUMBAI, 400075, INDIA SN 1463-1741 J9 NOISE HEALTH JI Noise Health PD MAR-APR PY 2011 VL 13 IS 51 BP 113 EP 121 DI 10.4103/1463-1741.77207 PG 9 WC Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 737KH UT WOS:000288567200005 PM 21368436 ER PT J AU Stephenson, MR Shaw, PB Stephenson, CM Graydon, PS AF Stephenson, Mark R. Shaw, Peter B. Stephenson, Carol Merry Graydon, Pamela S. TI Hearing loss prevention for carpenters: Part 2-Demonstration projects using individualized and group training SO NOISE & HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Hearing conservation; hearing protectors; training AB Two demonstration projects were conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of a comprehensive training program for carpenters. This training was paired with audiometry and counseling and a survey of attitudes and beliefs in hearing loss prevention. All participants received hearing tests, multimedia instruction on occupational noise exposure/hearing loss, and instruction and practice in using a diverse selection of hearing protection devices (HPDs). A total of 103 apprentice carpenters participated in the Year 1 training, were given a large supply of these HPDs, and instructions on how to get additional free supplies if they ran out during the 1-year interval between initial and follow-up training. Forty-two participants responded to the survey a second time a year later and completed the Year 2 training. Significant test-retest differences were found between the pre-training and the post-training survey scores. Both forms of instruction (individual versus group) produced equivalent outcomes. The results indicated that training was able to bring all apprentice participants up to the same desired level with regard to attitudes, beliefs, and behavioral intentions to use hearing protection properly. It was concluded that the health communication models used to develop the educational and training materials for this effort were extremely effective. C1 [Stephenson, Mark R.; Shaw, Peter B.; Graydon, Pamela S.] NIOSH, Div Appl Res & Technol, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Stephenson, Carol Merry] NIOSH, Educ & Informat Div, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. RP Stephenson, MR (reprint author), NIOSH, Div Appl Res & Technol, 4676 Columbia Pkwy, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM mstephenson@cdc.gov FU UBC FX The authors are deeply indebted to the UBC for their support throughout every phase of this effort. They would particularly like to express their appreciation to Mr. Joseph Durst, then the UBC Director of Health and Safety, and to UBC Master Trainers Cliff Valarose and Bronco Hollis for their assistance in coordinating focus group sessions. This effort would not have been possible without the support of Mr. Art Galae, Director, and the staff of the UBC Joint Apprenticeship Training Center, Monroe, OH, as well as Mr. Bill Smith, Director, and the staff of the UBC Joint Apprenticeship Training Center, Indianapolis, IN. NR 9 TC 7 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU MEDKNOW PUBLICATIONS PI MUMBAI PA B-9, KANARA BUSINESS CENTRE, OFF LINK RD, GHAKTOPAR-E, MUMBAI, 400075, INDIA SN 1463-1741 J9 NOISE HEALTH JI Noise Health PD MAR-APR PY 2011 VL 13 IS 51 BP 122 EP 131 DI 10.4103/1463-1741.77213 PG 10 WC Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 737KH UT WOS:000288567200006 PM 21368437 ER PT J AU Ehlers, JJ Graydon, PS AF Ehlers, Janet J. Graydon, Pamela S. TI Noise-induced hearing loss in agriculture: Creating partnerships to overcome barriers and educate the community on prevention SO NOISE & HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Hearing loss; agriculture; partnerships ID FARMERS AB Noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL) is a common and preventable injury for farmers. Farmers are frequently exposed to excessive noise, ranking among the top three occupations and industries with the highest risk for hearing loss. Use of hearing protection among farmers is not common. Although the age when NIHL begins among farmers is unknown, its prevalence is higher among male adolescents who live and work on farms. The purpose of this paper is to describe how NIOSH created partnerships to promote hearing conservation for this hard-to-reach population. Partnerships included organizations and individuals who were trusted sources of information for the target population, young farmers 14-35 years of age and their families, and those who had linkages in rural communities. NIOSH engaged partners through exhibits and train-the-trainer workshops at state or national conventions. NIOSH workshops included basic information on NIHL as well as information on free or low-lost resources that participants could use in training others at schools and community events. People with hearing conservation expertise have an important role and many opportunities to improve the knowledge and implementation of hearing conservation among those in agriculture. C1 [Ehlers, Janet J.] NIOSH, Surveillance Branch, Div Surveillance Hlth Effects & Field Studies, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Graydon, Pamela S.] NIOSH, Hearing Loss Prevent Team, Engn & Phys Hazards Branch, Div Appl Res & Technol, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. RP Ehlers, JJ (reprint author), NIOSH, R-17,5555 Ridge Ave, Cincinnati, OH 45223 USA. EM jehlers@cdc.gov NR 12 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 12 PU MEDKNOW PUBLICATIONS PI MUMBAI PA B-9, KANARA BUSINESS CENTRE, OFF LINK RD, GHAKTOPAR-E, MUMBAI, 400075, INDIA SN 1463-1741 J9 NOISE HEALTH JI Noise Health PD MAR-APR PY 2011 VL 13 IS 51 BP 142 EP 146 DI 10.4103/1463-1741.77218 PG 5 WC Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 737KH UT WOS:000288567200008 PM 21368439 ER PT J AU Rice, AD Gray, SA Li, Y Damon, I Moyer, RW AF Rice, Amanda D. Gray, Stacey A. Li, Yu Damon, Inger Moyer, Richard W. TI An Efficient Method for Generating Poxvirus Recombinants in the Absence of Selection SO VIRUSES-BASEL LA English DT Article DE poxvirus; recombinant; vaccinia virus; helper virus; fowlpox virus ID VACCINIA VIRUS RECOMBINANTS; TEMPERATURE-SENSITIVE MUTANTS; HOST-RANGE SELECTION; GENETIC-RECOMBINATION; FOWLPOX VIRUS; CATIONIC LIPOSOMES; DNA-REPLICATION; HOMOLOGOUS RECOMBINATION; DOMINANT SELECTION; ORTHOPOXVIRUS DNA AB The use of selectable markers (ecogpt) and selection pressures to aid in detection of poxvirus (Vaccinia, VV) recombinants has been implicated in the unintended introduction of second site mutations. We have reinvestigated the use of the helper virus system described by Scheiflinger et al. [1] and adapted by Yao and Evans [2] which produces recombinants at a high frequency in the absence of any selection, at a rate of 6-100%. Our system uses fowlpox virus (FPV) as the infectious helper virus which in infected cells provides the enzymatic apparatus for transcription and replication of a purified, transfected VV genome and for recombination with a second transfected PCR generated DNA fragment. To optimize the system, a PCR DNA fragment was generated that contained poxvirus promoter driven gfp and lacZ genes inserted within the coding sequences of the viral thymidine kinase gene. This PCR fragment was co-transfected together with VV genomic DNA. Recombinant VV was identified by plaquing the mixture on cells non-permissive for FPV and selection of green fluorescent or LacZ positive recombinant vaccinia plaques. The system was optimized using FPV permissive cells (CEF) and non-permissive cells (A549, CV-1) for both the initial infection/transfection and the subsequent selection. Up to 70% of the progeny vaccinia virus contained the gfp/LacZ insertion. In order to test for the presence of FPV/VV intertypic recombinants or other unintended mutations, recombinant wtVV (RwtVV) was regenerated from the gfp/LacZ viruses and evaluated by RFLP analysis and pathogenesis in animals. While all RwtVVs were viable in cell culture, in many of the RwtVV isolates, RFLP differences were noted and while some recombinant viruses exhibited wild type behavior in mice, a wide range of virulence indicative of unintended changes suggests that mutants created by "rescue" systems require careful analysis particularly before use for in vivo studies employing animal models. C1 [Rice, Amanda D.; Gray, Stacey A.; Moyer, Richard W.] Univ Florida, Dept Mol Genet & Microbiol, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA. [Li, Yu; Damon, Inger] Ctr Dis Control, Poxvirus & Rabies Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Rice, AD (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Mol Genet & Microbiol, 1600 SW Archer Rd, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA. EM amandar@ufl.edu; gray.staceya@gmail.com; lay4@cdc.gov; iad7@cdc.gov; rmoyer@ufl.edu OI Rice, Amanda/0000-0003-0708-2160 FU NIAID NIH HHS [R01 AI015722-22] NR 47 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA KANDERERSTRASSE 25, CH-4057 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1999-4915 J9 VIRUSES-BASEL JI Viruses-Basel PD MAR PY 2011 VL 3 IS 3 BP 217 EP 232 DI 10.3390/v3030217 PG 16 WC Virology SC Virology GA 740JB UT WOS:000288787800003 PM 21494427 ER PT J AU Guilamo-Ramos, V Dittus, P Holloway, I Bouris, A Crossett, L AF Guilamo-Ramos, Vincent Dittus, Patricia Holloway, Ian Bouris, Alida Crossett, Linda TI An Integrated Framework for the Analysis of Adolescent Cigarette Smoking in Middle School Latino Youth SO YOUTH & SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE adolescents; cigarette smoking; Latino; middle school ID HEALTH BELIEF MODEL; SUBSTANCE USE; RISK BEHAVIOR; OUTCOME EXPECTANCIES; EDUCATION-PROGRAMS; SOCIAL INFLUENCES; PEER INFLUENCES; REASONED ACTION; MARIJUANA USE; TOBACCO USE AB A framework based on five major theories of health behavior was used to identify the correlates of adolescent cigarette smoking. The framework emphasizes intentions to smoke cigarettes, factors that influence these intentions, and factors that moderate the intention-behavior relationship. Five hundred sixteen randomly selected Latino middle school youth in New York completed self-administered questionnaires. Adolescents reported their intentions to smoke, smoking-related expectancies, normative pressures to smoke, image implications of smoking, emotional reactions to smoking, and self-efficacy with respect to smoking. The framework yielded high levels of association with intentions to smoke. Specific smoking-related emotions, norms, and expectancies were associated with the likelihood of smoking. The framework can help guide the development of effective interventions tailored to specific populations. C1 [Guilamo-Ramos, Vincent] Columbia Univ, Sch Social Work, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Dittus, Patricia; Crossett, Linda] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adolescent & Sch Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Holloway, Ian] Univ So Calif, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Bouris, Alida] Univ Chicago, Sch Social Serv Adm, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RP Guilamo-Ramos, V (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Sch Social Work, 1255 Amsterdam Ave, New York, NY 10027 USA. EM rg650@columbia.edu NR 85 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 6 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0044-118X EI 1552-8499 J9 YOUTH SOC JI Youth Soc. PD MAR PY 2011 VL 43 IS 1 BP 193 EP 224 DI 10.1177/0044118X09358312 PG 32 WC Social Issues; Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary; Sociology SC Social Issues; Social Sciences - Other Topics; Sociology GA 725PQ UT WOS:000287658300009 ER PT J AU Parks, SE Canfield, MA Ramadhani, TA AF Parks, Sharyn E. Canfield, Mark A. Ramadhani, Tunu A. TI Importance of Including all Pregnancy Outcomes to Reduce Bias in Epidemiologic Studies of Neural Tube Defects-Texas, 1999 to 2005 SO BIRTH DEFECTS RESEARCH PART A-CLINICAL AND MOLECULAR TERATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE neural tube defects; surveillance; demographics; elective termination; fetal death; pregnancy outcome; anencephaly; spina bifida ID BIRTH-DEFECTS; PRENATAL-DIAGNOSIS; ELECTIVE TERMINATION; PREVALENCE; IMPACT AB BACKGROUND: Neural tube defects (NTDs) often result in fetal death or elective termination; therefore, not all cases are captured in typical hospital-based surveillance. We examined sociodemographic differences among pregnancy outcomes to assess sources of bias in NTD surveillance and research. METHODS: We used 1999 to 2005 Texas Birth Defects Registry data, a population-based active surveillance system, and calculated crude and adjusted prevalence ratios (aPRs). We then assessed the association of anencephaly and spina bifida with the selected characteristics, stratified by pregnancy outcomes (fetal death, elective termination, or live birth). RESULTS: Data were available for 1852 NTD cases (anencephaly, 677; spina bifida, 954; and encephalocele, 221), resulting in 1211 live births, 236 fetal deaths, and 405 elective terminations. For both anencephaly and spina bifida, a significant excess of Hispanic mothers was observed among live-birth cases (aPRs = 1.2-2.4), but not among mothers experiencing other pregnancy outcomes. Mothers of anencephaly cases resulting in a non-live birth were more likely to be adolescents (aPRs = 2.4-2.7 for ages < 20 years old vs. ages 25-29 years old), but this pattern was not observed for live-birth cases. A trend of increasing anencephaly risk with increasing parity was demonstrated only among fetal-death cases. For spina bifida, mothers of fetal-death (but not live-birth) cases were less likely to live along the Texas-Mexico border (aPR = 0.30). CONCLUSIONS: Demographic differences across NTD pregnancy outcomes exist and are a potential source of bias. Inclusion of all pregnancy outcomes in NTD surveillance is vital in NTD monitoring and research. Birth Defects Research (Part A) 91:185-191, 2011. (c) 2011 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 [Parks, Sharyn E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Austin, TX USA. [Canfield, Mark A.; Ramadhani, Tunu A.] Texas Dept State Hlth Serv, Birth Defects Epidemiol & Surveillance Branch, Austin, TX USA. RP Parks, SE (reprint author), 4770 Buford Hwy MS-F64, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM svp2@cdc.gov FU CDC [U01DD000494]; Health Resources and Services Administration; Texas Department of State Health Services FX This work was funded in part by the CDC-funded Texas Center for Birth Defects Research and Prevention through a cooperative agreement (U01DD000494), as well as through Title V Maternal and Child Health Block Grant Funds from the Health Resources and Services Administration with the Texas Department of State Health Services. NR 13 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 3 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1542-0752 EI 1542-0760 J9 BIRTH DEFECTS RES A JI Birth Defects Res. Part A-Clin. Mol. Teratol. PD MAR PY 2011 VL 91 IS 3 BP 185 EP 191 DI 10.1002/bdra.20772 PG 7 WC Developmental Biology; Toxicology SC Developmental Biology; Toxicology GA 735DU UT WOS:000288394400007 PM 21290567 ER PT J AU Breiding, MJ Reza, A Gulaid, J Blanton, C Mercy, JA Dahlberg, LL Dlamini, N Bamrah, S AF Breiding, Matthew J. Reza, Avid Gulaid, Jama Blanton, Curtis Mercy, James A. Dahlberg, Linda L. Dlamini, Nonhlanhla Bamrah, Sapna TI Risk factors associated with sexual violence towards girls in Swaziland SO BULLETIN OF THE WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION LA English DT Article ID SOUTH-AFRICA; CHILD MALTREATMENT; ABUSE; STUDENTS; YOUTH AB Objective To explore risk factors for sexual violence in childhood in a nationally representative sample of females aged 13 to 24 years in Swaziland. Methods During a household survey respondents were asked to report any experiences of sexual violence before the age of 18 years. The association between childhood sexual violence and several potential demographic and social risk factors was explored through bivariate and multivariate logistic regression. Findings Participants totalled 1244. Compared with respondents who had been close to their biological mothers as children, those who had not been close to her had higher odds of having experienced sexual violence (crude odds ratio, COR: 1.89; 95% Cl: 1.14-3.14), as did those who had had no relationship with her at all (CUR: 1.93; 95% CI: 1.34-2.80). In addition, greater odds of childhood sexual violence were noted among respondents who were not attending school at the time of the survey (COR: 2.26; 95% CI: 1.70-3.01); who were emotionally abused as children (COR: 2.04; 95% CI: 1.50-2.79); and who knew of another child who had been sexually assaulted (CUR: 1.77; 95% CI: 1.31-2.40) or was having sex with a teacher (CUR: 2.07; 95% CI: 1.59-2.69). Childhood sexual violence was positively associated with the number of people the respondent had lived with at any one time (COR: 1.03; 95% CI: 1.01-1.06). Conclusion Inadequate supervision or guidance and an unstable environment put girls at risk of sexual violence. Greater educational opportunities and an improved mother-daughter relationship could help prevent it. C1 [Breiding, Matthew J.; Mercy, James A.; Dahlberg, Linda L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Reza, Avid; Blanton, Curtis] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Gulaid, Jama] United Nations Childrens Fund, Mbabane, Swaziland. [Dlamini, Nonhlanhla] Swaziland Parliament, Lobamba, Swaziland. [Bamrah, Sapna] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Breiding, MJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, 4770 Buford Highway,NE,MS F64, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM dvi8@cdc.gov FU Swaziland Action Group Against Abuse and Save the Children FX We thank the survey participants and the field team members who interviewed them. We also thank Zodwa Mthethwa for her expertise and logistical support in conducting the training and survey; Nonhlanhla Hleta-Nkamhule, Tizie Maphalala, Amos Zwane, the Swaziland Central Statistics Office, Mark Anderson, Thomas Simon, Rachel Jewkes, Kathleen Basile, Lynn Jenkins, Michele Lynberg, Xiangming Fang, Susan Settergren, George Bicego, Basia Tomczyk, Diane Hall and Stacy DeJesus for their crucial input. We are also grateful to Yuko Kusamichi and Michael Gerber for their logistical support and to Kristin Becknell for conducting the background literature search. Finally, we thank the Swaziland Action Group Against Abuse and Save the Children for supporting this study. NR 38 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 2 U2 10 PU WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION PI GENEVA 27 PA MARKETING AND DISSEMINATION, CH-1211 GENEVA 27, SWITZERLAND SN 0042-9686 J9 B WORLD HEALTH ORGAN JI Bull. World Health Organ. PD MAR PY 2011 VL 89 IS 3 BP 203 EP 210 DI 10.2471/BLT.10.079608 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 735HZ UT WOS:000288406200011 PM 21379416 ER PT J AU Marks, JS Larkin, MA McGowan, AK AF Marks, James S. Larkin, Michelle A. McGowan, Angela K. TI Lawyers, Guns, and Money: A Plenary Presentation from the Conference "Using Law, Policy, and Research to Improve the Public's Health" SO JOURNAL OF LAW MEDICINE & ETHICS LA English DT Article ID SMOKING C1 [Marks, James S.] Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Ctr Dis Control, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1073-1105 J9 J LAW MED ETHICS JI J. Law Med. Ethics PD SPR PY 2011 VL 39 IS 1 SU S BP 9 EP 14 DI 10.1111/j.1748-720X.2011.00557.x PG 6 WC Ethics; Law; Medical Ethics; Medicine, Legal SC Social Sciences - Other Topics; Government & Law; Medical Ethics; Legal Medicine GA 719IL UT WOS:000287198300002 PM 21309888 ER PT J AU Rajotte, BR Ross, CL Ekechi, CO Cadet, VN AF Rajotte, Benjamin R. Ross, Catherine L. Ekechi, Chinyere O. Cadet, Vladimir N. TI Health in All Policies: Addressing the Legal and Policy Foundations of Health Impact Assessment SO JOURNAL OF LAW MEDICINE & ETHICS LA English DT Article C1 [Rajotte, Benjamin R.] Florida Coastal Sch Law, Jacksonville, FL 32256 USA. [Ross, Catherine L.] Georgia Inst Technol, Ctr Qual Growth & Reg Dev, Sch City & Reg Planning, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Cadet, Vladimir N.] Morehouse Sch Med, Atlanta, GA 30310 USA. [Ekechi, Chinyere O.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registry, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Rajotte, BR (reprint author), Florida Coastal Sch Law, Jacksonville, FL 32256 USA. NR 14 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 7 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1073-1105 J9 J LAW MED ETHICS JI J. Law Med. Ethics PD SPR PY 2011 VL 39 IS 1 SU S BP 27 EP 29 DI 10.1111/j.1748-720X.2011.00560.x PG 3 WC Ethics; Law; Medical Ethics; Medicine, Legal SC Social Sciences - Other Topics; Government & Law; Medical Ethics; Legal Medicine GA 719IL UT WOS:000287198300005 PM 21309891 ER PT J AU Ransom, MM Greiner, A Kochtitzky, C Major, KS AF Ransom, Montrece McNeill Greiner, Amelia Kochtitzky, Chris Major, Kristin S. TI Pursuing Health Equity: Zoning Codes and Public Health SO JOURNAL OF LAW MEDICINE & ETHICS LA English DT Article ID BUILT ENVIRONMENT C1 [Greiner, Amelia] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Behav & Soc, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Ransom, Montrece McNeill; Kochtitzky, Chris] CDC, NCEH, Div Emergency & Environm Hlth Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Ransom, MM (reprint author), CDC, NCEH, Div Emergency & Environm Hlth Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 24 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 4 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1073-1105 J9 J LAW MED ETHICS JI J. Law Med. Ethics PD SPR PY 2011 VL 39 IS 1 SU S BP 94 EP 97 DI 10.1111/j.1748-720X.2011.00576.x PG 4 WC Ethics; Law; Medical Ethics; Medicine, Legal SC Social Sciences - Other Topics; Government & Law; Medical Ethics; Legal Medicine GA 719IL UT WOS:000287198300021 PM 21309907 ER PT J AU Parekh, BS Hanson, DL Hargrove, J Branson, B Green, T Dobbs, T Constantine, N Overbaugh, J McDougal, JS AF Parekh, Bharat S. Hanson, Debra L. Hargrove, John Branson, Bernard Green, Timothy Dobbs, Trudy Constantine, Niel Overbaugh, Julie McDougal, J. Steven TI Determination of Mean Recency Period for Estimation of HIV Type 1 Incidence with the BED-Capture EIA in Persons Infected with Diverse Subtypes SO AIDS RESEARCH AND HUMAN RETROVIRUSES LA English DT Article ID SENSITIVE ENZYME-IMMUNOASSAY; TESTING STRATEGY; SEROCONVERSION; ASSAY; SURVEILLANCE; ANTIBODIES; THAILAND; VACCINE; TRIAL; LOAD AB The IgG capture BED enzyme immunoassay (BED-CEIA) was developed to detect recent HIV-1 infection for the estimation of HIV-1 incidence from cross-sectional specimens. The mean time interval between seroconversion and reaching a specified assay cutoff value [referred to here as the mean recency period (omega)], an important parameter for incidence estimation, is determined for some HIV-1 subtypes, but testing in more cohorts and new statistical methods suggest the need for a revised estimation of omega in different subtypes. A total of 2927 longitudinal specimens from 756 persons with incident HIV infections who had been enrolled in 17 cohort studies was tested by the BED-CEIA. The omega was determined using two statistical approaches: (1) linear mixed effects regression (omega(1)) and (2) a nonparametric survival method (omega(2)). Recency periods varied among individuals and by population. At an OD-n cutoff of 0.8, omega(1) was 176 days (95% CL 164-188 days) whereas omega(2) was 162 days (95% CL 152-172 days) when using a comparable subset of specimens (13 cohorts). When method 2 was applied to all available data (17 cohorts), omega(2) ranged from 127 days (Thai AE) to 236 days (subtypes AG, AD) with an overall omega(2) of 197 days (95% CL 173-220). About 70% of individuals reached a threshold OD-n of 0.8 by 197 days (mean omega) and 95% of people reached 0.8 OD-n by 480 days. The determination of omega with more data and new methodology suggests that omega of the BED-CEIA varies between different subtypes and/or populations. These estimates for omega may affect incidence estimates in various studies. C1 [Parekh, Bharat S.; Dobbs, Trudy] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global AIDS Program, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Hanson, Debra L.; Branson, Bernard; Green, Timothy; McDougal, J. Steven] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Hargrove, John] S African Ctr Epidemiol Modeling, Stellenbosch, South Africa. [Constantine, Niel] Univ Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [Overbaugh, Julie] Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. RP Parekh, BS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Int Lab Branch, Div Global AIDS, Mailstop G19,Bldg 15,Room 2611,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM bsp1@cdc.gov NR 36 TC 54 Z9 55 U1 0 U2 3 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 0889-2229 J9 AIDS RES HUM RETROV JI Aids Res. Hum. Retrovir. PD MAR PY 2011 VL 27 IS 3 BP 265 EP 273 DI 10.1089/aid.2010.0159 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA 733DO UT WOS:000288241600007 PM 20954834 ER PT J AU Castro, KG LoBue, P AF Castro, Kenneth G. LoBue, Philip TI Bridging Implementation, Knowledge, and Ambition Gaps to Eliminate Tuberculosis in the United States and Globally SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS; CARE; METAANALYSIS; PLAN AB We reflect on remarkable accomplishments in global tuberculosis (TB) control and identify persistent obstacles to the successful elimination of TB from the United States and globally. One hundred and twenty nine years after Koch's discovery of the etiologic agent of TB, this health scourge continues to account for 9.4 million cases and 1.7 million deaths annually worldwide. Implementation of the Directly Observed Treatment Short-course strategy from 1995 through 2009 has saved 6 million lives. TB control is increasingly being achieved in countries with high-income economies, yet TB continues to plague persons living in countries with low-income and lower-middle income economies. To accelerate progress against the global effects of disease caused by TB and achieve its elimination, we must bridge 3 key gaps in implementation, knowledge, and ambition. C1 [Castro, Kenneth G.; LoBue, Philip] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Castro, KG (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop E10, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM kgc1@cdc.gov NR 38 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 4 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD MAR PY 2011 VL 17 IS 3 BP 337 EP 342 DI 10.3201/eid1703.110031 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 731YP UT WOS:000288147000001 PM 21392421 ER PT J AU Murphree, R Warkentin, JV Dunn, JR Schaffner, W Jones, TF AF Murphree, Rendi Warkentin, Jon V. Dunn, John R. Schaffner, William Jones, Timothy F. TI Elephant-to-Human Transmission of Tuberculosis, 2009 SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID MYCOBACTERIUM-TUBERCULOSIS; ASIAN ELEPHANTS; INFECTION; DIAGNOSIS; MAXIMUS AB In 2009, the Tennessee Department of Health received reports of 5 tuberculin skin test (TST) conversions among employees of an elephant refuge and isolation of Mycobacterium tuberculosis from a resident elephant. To determine the extent of the outbreak and identify risk factors for TST conversion, we conducted a cohort study and onsite assessment. Risk for conversion was increased for elephant caregivers and administrative employees working in the barn housing the M. tuberculosis-infected elephant or in offices connected to the barn (risk ratio 20.3, 95% confidence interval 2.8-146.7). Indirect exposure to aerosolized M. tuberculosis and delayed or inadequate infection control practices likely contributed to transmission. The following factors are needed to reduce risk for M. tuberculosis transmission in the captive elephant industry: increased knowledge about M. tuberculosis infection in elephants, improved infection control practices, and specific occupational health programs. C1 [Murphree, Rendi; Warkentin, Jon V.; Dunn, John R.; Jones, Timothy F.] Tennessee Dept Hlth, Nashville, TN 37243 USA. [Murphree, Rendi] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Schaffner, William; Jones, Timothy F.] Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Nashville, TN 37212 USA. RP Murphree, R (reprint author), Tennessee Dept Hlth, 1st Floor,425 5th Ave N,Cordell Hull Bldg, Nashville, TN 37243 USA. EM zle9@cdc.gov NR 22 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 8 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD MAR PY 2011 VL 17 IS 3 BP 366 EP 371 DI 10.3201/eid1703101668 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 731YP UT WOS:000288147000005 PM 21392425 ER PT J AU Lembo, T Hampson, K Auty, H Beesley, CA Bessell, P Packer, C Halliday, J Fyumagwa, R Hoare, R Ernest, E Mentzel, C Mlengeya, T Stamey, K Wilkins, PP Cleaveland, S AF Lembo, Tiziana Hampson, Katie Auty, Harriet Beesley, Cari A. Bessell, Paul Packer, Craig Halliday, Jo Fyumagwa, Robert Hoare, Richard Ernest, Eblate Mentzel, Christine Mlengeya, Titus Stamey, Karen Wilkins, Patricia P. Cleaveland, Sarah TI Serologic Surveillance of Anthrax in the Serengeti Ecosystem, Tanzania, 1996-2009 SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID NATIONAL-PARK; WILDLIFE; OUTBREAK; DISEASE; VALLEY AB Bacillus anthracis, the bacterium that causes anthrax, is responsible for varying death rates among animal species. Difficulties in case detection, hazardous or inaccessible carcasses, and misdiagnosis hinder surveillance. Using case reports and a new serologic assay that enables multispecies comparisons, we examined exposure to and illness caused by B. anthracis in different species in the Serengeti ecosystem in Tanzania during 1996-2009 and the utility of serosurveillance. High seroprevalence among carnivores suggested regular nonfatal exposure. Seropositive wildebeest and buffalo showed that infection was not invariably fatal among herbivores, whereas absence of seropositivity in zebras and frequent detection of fatal cases indicated high susceptibility. Exposure patterns in dogs reflected known patterns of endemicity and provided new information about anthrax in the ecosystem, which indicated the potential of dogs as indicator species. Serosurveillance is a valuable tool for monitoring and detecting anthrax and may shed light on mechanisms responsible for species-specific variability in exposure, susceptibility, and mortality rates. C1 [Hampson, Katie] Univ Glasgow, Boyd Orr Ctr Populat & Ecosyst Hlth, Sch Med Vet & Life Sci, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Lanark, Scotland. [Lembo, Tiziana] Lincoln Pk Zoo, Chicago, IL USA. [Beesley, Cari A.; Stamey, Karen; Wilkins, Patricia P.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Packer, Craig] Univ Minnesota, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Halliday, Jo] Univ Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Midlothian, Scotland. [Fyumagwa, Robert; Hoare, Richard; Ernest, Eblate] Tanzania Wildlife Res Inst, Arusha, Tanzania. [Mentzel, Christine] Endangered Wildlife Trust, Parkview, South Africa. [Mlengeya, Titus] Tanzania Natl Pk, Arusha, Tanzania. RP Hampson, K (reprint author), Univ Glasgow, Boyd Orr Ctr Populat & Ecosyst Hlth, Sch Med Vet & Life Sci, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Lanark, Scotland. EM katie.hampson@glasgow.ac.uk OI Hampson, Katie/0000-0001-5392-6884; Halliday, Jo/0000-0002-1329-9035; Auty, Harriet/0000-0002-6181-3780 FU National Institutes of Health/National Science Foundation Ecology of Infectious Diseases [NSF/DEB0225453]; Wellcome Trust; Department for International Development Animal Health Programme; Google.org; Messerli Foundation FX This study was supported by the joint National Institutes of Health/National Science Foundation Ecology of Infectious Diseases Program (grant NSF/DEB0225453), the Wellcome Trust (K.H.), the Department for International Development Animal Health Programme (S.C.), Google.org, and the Messerli Foundation. NR 19 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 4 U2 21 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD MAR PY 2011 VL 17 IS 3 BP 387 EP 394 DI 10.3201/eid1703.101290 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 731YP UT WOS:000288147000008 PM 21392428 ER PT J AU Mitruka, K Oeltmann, JE Ijaz, K Haddad, MB AF Mitruka, Kiren Oeltmann, John E. Ijaz, Kashef Haddad, Maryam B. TI Tuberculosis Outbreak Investigations in the United States, 2002-2008 SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID CONTACT INVESTIGATIONS; MYCOBACTERIUM-TUBERCULOSIS; MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY; PREVENTABLE OUTBREAK; RECENT TRANSMISSION; POPULATION; COMMUNITY; DIAGNOSIS; NETWORK; CARE AB To understand circumstances of tuberculosis transmission that strain public health resources, we systematically reviewed Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) staff reports of US outbreaks in which CDC participated during 2002-2008 that involved >= 3 culture-confirmed tuberculosis cases linked by genotype and epidemiology. Twenty-seven outbreaks, representing 398 patients, were reviewed. Twenty-four of the 27 outbreaks involved primarily US-born patients; substance abuse was another predominant feature of outbreaks. Prolonged infectiousness because of provider- and patient-related factors was common. In 17 outbreaks, a drug house was a notable contributing factor. The most frequently documented intervention to control the outbreak was prioritizing contacts according to risk for infection and disease progression to ensure that the highest risk contacts were completely evaluated. US-born persons with reported substance abuse most strongly characterized the tuberculosis outbreaks in this review. Substance abuse remains one of the greatest challenges to controlling tuberculosis transmission in the United States. C1 [Mitruka, Kiren; Oeltmann, John E.; Ijaz, Kashef; Haddad, Maryam B.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Mitruka, K (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop E10, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM duu6@cdc.gov NR 39 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 2 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD MAR PY 2011 VL 17 IS 3 BP 425 EP 431 DI 10.3201/eid1703.101550 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 731YP UT WOS:000288147000013 PM 21392433 ER PT J AU Velasquez, GE Yagui, M Cegielski, JP Asencios, L Bayona, J Bonilla, C Jave, HO Yale, G Suarez, C Atwood, S Contreras, CC Shin, SS AF Velasquez, Gustavo E. Yagui, Martin Cegielski, J. Peter Asencios, Luis Bayona, Jaime Bonilla, Cesar Jave, Hector O. Yale, Gloria Suarez, Carmen Atwood, Sidney Contreras, Carmen C. Shin, Sonya S. TI Targeted Drug-Resistance Testing Strategy for Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis Detection, Lima, Peru, 2005-2008 SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID NITRATE REDUCTASE ASSAY; MYCOBACTERIUM-TUBERCULOSIS; COST-EFFECTIVENESS; RAPID DETECTION; DIAGNOSIS; FEASIBILITY AB The Peruvian National Tuberculosis Control Program issued guidelines in 2006 specifying criteria for culture and drug-susceptibility testing (DST), including district-level rapid DST. All patients referred for culture and DST in 2 districts of Lima, Peru, during January 2005-November 2008 were monitored prospectively. Of 1,846 patients, 1,241 (67.2%) had complete DST results for isoniazid and rifampin; 419 (33.8%) patients had multidrug-resistant (MDR) TB at the time of referral. Among patients with new smear-positive TB, household contact and suspected category I failure were associated with MDR TB, compared with concurrent regional surveillance data. Among previously treated patients with smear-positive TB, adult household contact, suspected category II failure, early relapse after category I, and multiple previous TB treatments were associated with MDR TB, compared with concurrent regional surveillance data. The proportion of MDR TB detected by using guidelines was higher than that detected by a concurrent national drug-resistance survey, indicating that the strategy effectively identified patients for DST. C1 [Shin, Sonya S.] Brigham & Womens Hosp, Div Global Hlth Equ, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Yagui, Martin; Asencios, Luis] Inst Nacl Salud, Lima, Peru. [Cegielski, J. Peter] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Bayona, Jaime; Contreras, Carmen C.; Shin, Sonya S.] Socios En Salud, Lima, Peru. [Shin, Sonya S.] Partners Hlth, Boston, MA USA. [Bayona, Jaime] Dartmouth Coll, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. [Bonilla, Cesar; Jave, Hector O.] Minist Salud Peru, Lima, Peru. [Yale, Gloria] Direcc Salud V Lima Ciudad, Lima, Peru. [Suarez, Carmen] Direcc Salud IV Lima Este, Lima, Peru. RP Shin, SS (reprint author), Brigham & Womens Hosp, Div Global Hlth Equ, FXB Bldg,7th Floor,651 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02115 USA. EM sshin@partners.org OI Velasquez, Gustavo/0000-0003-1438-0692 FU Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; United States National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases; Eli Lilly Foundation; Brigham and Women's Hospital; Infectious Disease Society of America; Heiser Foundation; United States National Institutes of Health FX This study was supported by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, and the United States National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases. S.S.S. received partial salary support or travel support from the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, the Eli Lilly Foundation, the Frank Hatch Fellowships in Global Health Equity at the Brigham and Women's Hospital, the Infectious Disease Society of America, the Heiser Foundation, and the United States National Institutes of Health. NR 26 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD MAR PY 2011 VL 17 IS 3 BP 432 EP 440 DI 10.3201/eid1703.101553 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 731YP UT WOS:000288147000014 PM 21392434 ER PT J AU Chacon-Cruz, E Sugerman, DE Ginsberg, MM Hopkins, J Hurtado-Montalvo, JA Lopez-Viera, JL Lara-Munoz, CA Rivas-Landeros, RM Volker, ML Leake, JA AF Chacon-Cruz, Enrique Sugerman, David E. Ginsberg, Michele M. Hopkins, Jackie Antonio Hurtado-Montalvo, Jose Luis Lopez-Viera, Jose Arturo Lara-Munoz, Cesar Rivas-Landeros, Rosa M. Luisa Volker, Maria Leake, John A. TI Surveillance for Invasive Meningococcal Disease in Children, US-Mexico Border, 2005-2008 SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID RECOMMENDATIONS; MULTICENTER; VACCINES AB We reviewed confirmed cases of pediatric invasive meningococcal disease in Tijuana, Mexico, and San Diego County, California, USA, during 2005-2008. The overall incidence and fatality rate observed in Tijuana were similar to those found in the US, and serogroup distribution suggests that most cases in Tijuana are vaccine preventable. C1 [Chacon-Cruz, Enrique; Antonio Hurtado-Montalvo, Jose; Luis Lopez-Viera, Jose; Arturo Lara-Munoz, Cesar; Rivas-Landeros, Rosa M.; Luisa Volker, Maria] Gen Hosp Tijuana, Tijauna, Mexico. [Sugerman, David E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Ginsberg, Michele M.; Hopkins, Jackie] San Diego Cty Hlth & Human Serv Agcy, San Diego, CA USA. [Leake, John A.] Rady Childrens Hosp, San Diego, CA USA. [Leake, John A.] Univ Calif San Diego, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. RP Chacon-Cruz, E (reprint author), 511 E San Ysidro Blvd,1812, San Ysidro, CA 92173 USA. EM echacon88@hotmail.com OI Chacon-Cruz, Enrique/0000-0003-2466-4920 NR 15 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 3 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD MAR PY 2011 VL 17 IS 3 BP 543 EP 546 DI 10.3201/eid1703.101254 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 731YP UT WOS:000288147000035 PM 21392455 ER PT J AU Soucie, JM Wang, C Siddiqi, A Kulkarni, R Recht, M Konkle, BA AF Soucie, J. M. Wang, C. Siddiqi, A. Kulkarni, R. Recht, M. Konkle, B. A. CA Hemophilia Treatment Ctr Network TI The longitudinal effect of body adiposity on joint mobility in young males with Haemophilia A SO HAEMOPHILIA LA English DT Article DE body adiposity; body mass index; haemophilia; joint range of motion; overweight ID MECHANOCHEMICAL TRANSDUCTION; IRON DEPOSITS; OLDER-ADULTS; NORMAL RANGE; MASS INDEX; OBESITY; AGE; CHILDREN; MOTION; OVERWEIGHT AB Although body adiposity and disease severity in haemophilia have been found in cross-sectional studies to be negatively associated with joint mobility, it is not clear how these two factors affect the rate of joint mobility loss over time. Over a 10-year period, repeated measures of joint range of motion (ROM) were collected annually using universal goniometers on bilateral hip, knee, ankle, shoulder and elbow joints in 6131 young males with haemophilia A aged < 20 years. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated using data on weight and height during follow up. The effect of body adiposity, adjusted for disease severity, on the rate of joint mobility loss over time was assessed using a longitudinal model. Compared with haemophilia males with normal BMI, those who were obese had lower ROM at initial visit and a faster rate of joint mobility loss in the lower limbs. Overweight subjects experienced similar loss in ROM, although to a lesser degree. A decline in ROM with age was also observed in upper limb joints but the rate was not significantly affected by body adiposity. Haemophilia severity, joint bleeding and the presence of an inhibitor were other significant contributors to joint mobility loss in both upper and lower limb joints. Excess body adiposity accelerates joint mobility loss in weight bearing joints particularly among those with severe haemophilia. Our findings suggest that body weight control and effective treatment of bleeds should be implemented together to achieve better joint ROM outcomes in males with haemophilia. C1 [Soucie, J. M.; Wang, C.; Siddiqi, A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Div Blood Disorders, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Kulkarni, R.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Pediat & Human Dev, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Recht, M.] Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Oregon Hemophilia Treatment Ctr, Portland, OR 97201 USA. [Konkle, B. A.] Puget Sound Blood Ctr, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. RP Soucie, JM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Div Blood Disorders, 1600 Clifton Rd MS E64, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM msoucie@cdc.gov RI Kerlin, Bryce/E-3369-2011 OI Kerlin, Bryce/0000-0002-1756-8271 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Haemophilia Treatment Center Network (HTCN) FX The Universal Data Collection (UDC) Project is funded by a cooperative agreement between the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the Haemophilia Treatment Center Network (HTCN) comprised of 135 comprehensive care clinics located throughout the US and its territories. The Principle Investigators are: Doreen Brettler, MD, Worcester, MA; Regina Butler, RN, Philadelphia, PA; Patricia Dominic, Atlanta, GA; Ivan C. Harner, FACHE, Ypsilanti, MI; Marilyn Manco-Johnson, MD, Aurora, CO; Paul Monahan, Chapel Hill, NC; Diane Nugent, MD, Orange, CA; Michael Recht, MD, PHD, Portland, OR; Kathleen Roach, MPH, MBA, Milwaukee, WI; Christopher E. Walsh, MD, New York, NY; Brian Wicklund, MD, Kansas City, MO. The Data Oversight Committee includes: Pam Bryant, BS, Atlanta, GA; Mary Lou Cygan, MSN, Savannah, GA; Joan C. Gill, MD, Milwaukee, WI; Vicky Hannemann, RN, Minneapolis. MN; Craig Kessler, MD, Washington, DC; Barbara A. Konkle, MD, Philadelphia, PA; Peter A. Kouides, MD, Rochester, NY; Cindy Leissinger, MD, New Orleans, LA; Meredith Oakley, DVM, MPH, Atlanta, GA; Lewis H. Parker, Denver, CO; Claire Philipp, MD, New Brunswick, NJ; Brenda Riske, MS, MBA, MPA, Aurora, CO; Dawn VonMayrhauser, MSW, LCSW, Farmington, CT; Brian Wicklund, MD, Kansas City, MO; Pattye Tobase Zimmerman, PT, San Francisco, CA. The authors also wish to acknowledge the staff of the HTCN for patient recruitment and data collection and the patients for their participation in the study. NR 48 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1351-8216 J9 HAEMOPHILIA JI Haemophilia PD MAR PY 2011 VL 17 IS 2 BP 196 EP 203 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2516.2010.02400.x PG 8 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 723RQ UT WOS:000287524900005 PM 21332880 ER PT J AU Lasry, A Sansom, SL Hicks, KA Uzunangelov, V AF Lasry, Arielle Sansom, Stephanie L. Hicks, Katherine A. Uzunangelov, Vladislav TI A model for allocating CDC's HIV prevention resources in the United States SO HEALTH CARE MANAGEMENT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE HIV/AIDS; Resource allocation; Optimization model ID SEXUAL TRANSMISSION; PERSONS AWARE; INFECTION; PROGRAMS; BEHAVIOR; UNAWARE; VIRUS; COSTS; CARE AB The Division of HIV/AIDS Prevention (DHAP) at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention has an annual budget of approximately $325 million for funding HIV prevention programs in the U.S. The purpose of this paper is to thoroughly describe the methods used to develop a national HIV resource allocation model intended to inform DHAP on allocation strategies that might improve the overall effectiveness of HIV prevention efforts. The HIV prevention resource allocation problem consists of choosing how to apportion prevention resources among interventions and populations so that HIV incidence is minimized, given a budget constraint. We developed an epidemic model that projects HIV infections over time given a specific allocation scenario. The epidemic model is then embedded in a nonlinear mathematical optimization program to determine the allocation scenario that minimizes HIV incidence over a 5-year horizon. In our model, we consider the general U.S. population and specific at-risk populations. The at-risk populations include 15 subgroups structured by gender, race/ethnicity and HIV transmission risk group. HIV transmission risk groups include high-risk heterosexuals, men who have sex with men and injection drug users. We consider HIV screening interventions and interventions to reduce HIV-related risk behaviors. The output of the model is the optimal funding scenario indicating the amounts to be allocated to all combinations of populations and interventions. For illustrative purposes only, we provide a sample application of the model. In this example, the optimal allocation scenario is compared to the current baseline funding scenario to highlight how the current allocation of funds could be improved. In the baseline allocation, 29% of the annual budget is aimed at the general population, while the model recommends targeting 100% of the budget to the at-risk populations with no allocation targeted to the general population. Within the allocation to behavioral interventions the model recommends an increase in targeting diagnosed positives. Also, the model allocation suggests a greater focus on MSM and IDUs with a 72% of the annual budget allocated to them, while the baseline allocation for MSM and IDUs totals 37%. Incorporating future epidemic trends in the decision-making process informs the selection of populations and interventions that should be targeted. Improving the use of funds by targeting the interventions and population subgroups at greatest risk may lead to improved HIV outcomes. These models can also direct research by pointing to areas where the development of cost-effective interventions can have the most impact on the epidemic. C1 [Lasry, Arielle; Sansom, Stephanie L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Hicks, Katherine A.; Uzunangelov, Vladislav] RTI Int, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. RP Lasry, A (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mailstop E 48, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM alasry@cdc.gov NR 26 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 11 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1386-9620 J9 HEALTH CARE MANAG SC JI Health Care Manag. Sci. PD MAR PY 2011 VL 14 IS 1 BP 115 EP 124 DI 10.1007/s10729-010-9147-2 PG 10 WC Health Policy & Services SC Health Care Sciences & Services GA 714TL UT WOS:000286831800007 PM 21184183 ER PT J AU Wang, RJ Wang, HL Sun, YR Zhang, LX Jian, FC Qi, M Ning, CS Xiao, LH AF Wang, Rongjun Wang, Helei Sun, Yanru Zhang, Longxian Jian, Fuchun Qi, Meng Ning, Changshen Xiao, Lihua TI Characteristics of Cryptosporidium Transmission in Preweaned Dairy Cattle in Henan, China SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID GLYCOPROTEIN GENE-SEQUENCES; MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION; SUBTYPE ANALYSIS; BOVINE CRYPTOSPORIDIUM; SUBGENOTYPE ANALYSIS; PARVUM SUBTYPES; CALVES; HUMANS; PREVALENCE; GENOTYPES AB To estimate the prevalence and public health significance of cryptosporidiosis in preweaned calves in China, 801 fecal samples from eight farms in seven areas in Henan Province were examined for Cryptosporidium oocysts. The overall infection rate of Cryptosporidium was 21.5%, with the farm in Xinxiang having the highest prevalence (40%). No significant difference in infection rates was observed between seasons. Cryptosporidium spp. were characterized by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis of the small subunit (SSU) rRNA gene and DNA sequencing of the 60-kDa glycoprotein (gp60) gene. The SSU rRNA-based PCR identified four Cryptosporidium species, including Cryptosporidium parvum (54/172), C. bovis (65/172), C. ryanae (19/172), and C. andersoni (12/172), and the occurrence of infections with mixed species (22/172). The earliest detection of C. bovis was in calves of 1 week of age, showing that the prepatent period was shorter than the previously stated 10 to 12 days. Infections with C. parvum peaked in summer, whereas C. bovis dominated in autumn and winter. There was no apparent difference in the age of cattle infected with either C. parvum or C. bovis. Sequencing analysis of the gp60 gene showed all 67 C. parvum samples belonged to subtype IIdA19G1. These findings suggested that the transmission of Cryptosporidium spp. in preweaned calves in Henan, China, appeared to be different from other areas both at genotype and subtype levels. Further molecular epidemiologic studies (including samples from both calves and humans) are needed to elucidate the transmission dynamics and public significance of C. parvum in cattle in China. C1 [Wang, Rongjun; Wang, Helei; Sun, Yanru; Zhang, Longxian; Jian, Fuchun; Qi, Meng; Ning, Changshen] Henan Agr Univ, Coll Anim Sci & Vet Med, Zhengzhou 450002, Peoples R China. [Xiao, Lihua] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Zhang, LX (reprint author), Henan Agr Univ, Coll Anim Sci & Vet Med, Zhengzhou 450002, Peoples R China. EM zhanglx8999@yahoo.com.cn; lxiao@cdc.gov RI Xiao, Lihua/B-1704-2013 OI Xiao, Lihua/0000-0001-8532-2727 FU Ministry of Education of China [20094105110003]; Key National Science and Technology Specific Projects [2008ZX10004-011]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [30771881, 30871863, 30928019]; Henan Province Special Fund of Public Welfare [81100912300] FX This study was supported in part by the Ph.D. Program Funds of the Ministry of Education of China (no. 20094105110003), Key National Science and Technology Specific Projects (no. 2008ZX10004-011), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (no. 30771881, 30871863, and 30928019), and the Henan Province Special Fund of Public Welfare (no. 81100912300). NR 47 TC 50 Z9 56 U1 2 U2 10 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD MAR PY 2011 VL 49 IS 3 BP 1077 EP 1082 DI 10.1128/JCM.02194-10 PG 6 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 729RA UT WOS:000287967100046 PM 21177898 ER PT J AU Schultz, AC Vega, E Dalsgaard, A Christensen, LS Norrung, B Hoorfar, J Vinje, J AF Schultz, Anna Charlotte Vega, Everardo Dalsgaard, Anders Christensen, Laurids Siig Norrung, Birgit Hoorfar, Jeffrey Vinje, Jan TI Development and evaluation of novel one-step TaqMan realtime RT-PCR assays for the detection and direct genotyping of genogroup I and II noroviruses SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL VIROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Norovirus; Detection; Genotyping; Realtime RT-PCR assay ID REVERSE TRANSCRIPTION-PCR; NORWALK-LIKE VIRUSES; ACUTE GASTROENTERITIS; SHELLFISH; OUTBREAKS; WATER; QUANTIFICATION; PRIMERS; SAMPLES; RESORT AB Background: Current detection and genotyping methods of genogroup (G) I and II noroviruses (NoVs) consist of a 2-step approach including detection of viral RNA by TaqMan realtime RT-PCR (RT-qPCR) followed by conventional RT-PCR and sequencing of partial regions of ORF1 or ORF2. Objective: To develop novel long-template one-step TaqMan assays (L-RT-qPCR) for the rapid detection and direct genotyping of GI and GII NoVs and to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of the assays. Study design: GI and GII-specific broadly reactive L-RT-qPCR assays were developed by combining existing NoV primers and probes targeting the open reading frame (ORF)1-ORF2 junction as well as region C at the 5'-ORF2. The assays were validated using GI and GII RNA transcripts and a coded panel of 75 stool samples containing NoV strains representing 9 GI genotypes and 12 GII genotypes, as well as sapoviruses, astroviruses, polioviruses, and rotaviruses. L-RT-qPCR products were typed by sequencing. Results: The novel GI and GII L-RT-qPCR assays detected and typed all but one of the NoV positive panel samples. As few as 5-500 RNA copies could be accurately typed by sequencing of amplicons. Conclusions: We developed novel one-step TaqMan RT-qPCR assays for the sensitive detection and direct genotyping of GI and GII NoVs from clinical and environmental matrices. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Schultz, Anna Charlotte] Tech Univ Denmark, Natl Food Inst, Div Microbiol & Risk Assessment, DK-2860 Soborg, Denmark. [Schultz, Anna Charlotte; Dalsgaard, Anders; Norrung, Birgit] Univ Copenhagen, Fac Life Sci, Dept Vet Dis Biol, DK-1870 Frederiksberg C, Denmark. [Vega, Everardo; Vinje, Jan] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Schultz, AC (reprint author), Tech Univ Denmark, Natl Food Inst, Div Microbiol & Risk Assessment, Morkhoj Bygade 19, DK-2860 Soborg, Denmark. EM acsc@food.dtu.dk OI Vinje, Jan/0000-0002-1530-3675 FU European Union [036272] FX We thank Dr Vincent Hill, CDC, for the concentrated water samples and Nicole Gregoricus, CDC, and Resadije Idrizi, DTU, for excellent technical assistance. This work was partly supported by BIOTRACER (Project No. 036272) which is an integrated project within the European Union 6th framework programme. NR 29 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1386-6532 J9 J CLIN VIROL JI J. Clin. Virol. PD MAR PY 2011 VL 50 IS 3 BP 230 EP 234 DI 10.1016/j.jcv.2010.12.001 PG 5 WC Virology SC Virology GA 719SO UT WOS:000287229500011 PM 21195660 ER PT J AU Warren, CW Sinha, DN Lee, J Lea, V Jones, N Asma, S AF Warren, Charles W. Sinha, Dhirendra N. Lee, Juliette Lea, Veronica Jones, Nathan Asma, Samira TI Tobacco Use, Exposure to Secondhand Smoke, and Cessation Counseling Training of Dental Students Around the World SO JOURNAL OF DENTAL EDUCATION LA English DT Article DE tobacco use; health professionals; dental students; counseling training ID CURRICULUM AB The Global Health Professions Student Survey (GHPSS) has been conducted among third-year dental students in schools in forty-four countries, the Gaza Strip/West Bank, and three cities (Baghdad, Rio de Janeiro, and Havana) (all called "sites" in this article). In more than half the sites, over 20 percent of the students currently smoked cigarettes, with males having higher rates than females in thirty sites. Over 60 percent of students reported having been exposed to secondhand smoke in public places in thirty-seven of forty-eight sites. The majority of students recognized that they are role models in society and believed they should receive training on counseling patients to quit using tobacco, but few reported receiving formal training. Tobacco control efforts must discourage tobacco use among dentists, promote smoke-free workplaces, and implement programs that train dentists in effective cessation-counseling techniques. C1 [Warren, Charles W.; Lee, Juliette; Lea, Veronica; Asma, Samira] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Smoking & Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Sinha, Dhirendra N.] World Hlth Org, Tobacco Free Initiat, SE Asia Reg Off, Geneva, Switzerland. [Jones, Nathan] Univ Wisconsin, Paul P Carbone Comprehens Canc Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. RP Warren, CW (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Smoking & Hlth, 4770 Buford Highway NE,Mailstop K-50, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM wcw1@cdc.gov NR 18 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER DENTAL EDUCATION ASSOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1400 K STREET, NW, STE 1100, WASHINGTON, DC 20005 USA SN 0022-0337 J9 J DENT EDUC JI J. Dent. Educ. PD MAR PY 2011 VL 75 IS 3 BP 385 EP 405 PG 21 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA 731NA UT WOS:000288112700012 PM 21368263 ER PT J AU Fent, KW Evans, DE AF Fent, Kenneth W. Evans, Douglas E. TI Assessing the risk to firefighters from chemical vapors and gases during vehicle fire suppression SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING LA English DT Article ID CANCER-RISK; AIR CONTAMINANTS; HEALTH-HAZARDS; EXPOSURE; OVERHAUL AB Despite the frequent occurrence of vehicle fires, very few studies investigating firefighters' potential inhalation exposures during vehicle fire suppression have been conducted. In this paper, we present an assessment of firefighters' health risk from vehicle fire suppression that accounts for the mixture of gases and vapors likely to be found in these fires. Summa canisters were used to collect emissions from the engine and cabin fires of a single vehicle and were analyzed for 75 volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Firefighters' breathing zone concentrations (BZCs) of aromatic hydrocarbons, aldehydes, isocyanates, and carbon monoxide were measured during the suppression of three vehicle fires. The Summa canister and BZC data were used to develop a simple model for predicting BZCs for the compounds that were not measured in the firefighters' breathing zones. Hazard quotients (HQs) were calculated by dividing the predicted and measured BZCs by the most conservative short-term exposure limits (STELs) or ceiling limits. Hazard indices (HIs) were determined by adding HQs for compounds grouped by the target organ for acute health effects. Any HIs above unity represented unacceptable risks. According to this mixture analysis, the estimated 95(th) percentile of the exposure distribution for the study population represents >= 9.2 times the acceptable level of risk to the respiratory tract and eyes. Furthermore, chemicals known or reasonably anticipated to be human carcinogens contributed to > 45% of these HIs. While STELs are not usually based on carcinogenicity, maintaining exposures below STELs may protect individuals from the biological stress that could result from short-term exposures to carcinogens over time. Although vehicle fires are suppressed quickly (< 10 min), this assessment suggests that firefighters have the potential to be overexposed to acute toxins during vehicle fire suppression and should therefore wear self-contained breathing apparatus at all times during vehicle fire response. C1 [Fent, Kenneth W.] Natl Inst Occupat Safety & Hlth CDC NIOSH, Div Surveillance Hazard Evaluat & Field Studies, US Publ Hlth Serv, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Evans, Douglas E.] CDC NIOSH, Div Appl Res & Technol, Cincinnati, OH USA. RP Fent, KW (reprint author), Natl Inst Occupat Safety & Hlth CDC NIOSH, Div Surveillance Hazard Evaluat & Field Studies, US Publ Hlth Serv, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 4676 Columbia Pkwy,MS R-11, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM kfent@cdc.gov NR 37 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 18 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1464-0325 J9 J ENVIRON MONITOR JI J. Environ. Monit. PD MAR PY 2011 VL 13 IS 3 BP 536 EP 543 DI 10.1039/c0em00591f PG 8 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Environmental Sciences SC Chemistry; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 732CH UT WOS:000288160200006 PM 21274476 ER PT J AU Hines, CJ Hopf, NBN Deddens, JA Silva, MJ Calafat, AM AF Hines, Cynthia J. Hopf, Nancy B. N. Deddens, James A. Silva, Manori J. Calafat, Antonia M. TI Estimated daily intake of phthalates in occupationally exposed groups SO JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE AND ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE phthalates; biomonitoring; personal exposure ID TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY; DEUTERIUM-LABELED DEHP; HUMAN URINE; DI(2-ETHYLHEXYL)PHTHALATE DEHP; METABOLITE LEVELS; TEMPORAL VARIABILITY; BIOMARKER APPROACH; DIETHYL PHTHALATE; INTERNAL EXPOSURE; RISK-ASSESSMENT AB Improved analytical methods for measuring urinary phthalate metabolites have resulted in biomarker-based estimates of phthalate daily intake for the general population, but not for occupationally exposed groups. In 2003-2005, we recruited 156 workers from eight industries where materials containing diethyl phthalate (DEP), dibutyl phthalate (DBP), and/or di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) were used as part of the worker's regular job duties. Phthalate metabolite concentrations measured in the workers' end-shift urine samples were used in a simple pharmacokinetic model to estimate phthalate daily intake. DEHP intake estimates based on three DEHP metabolites combined were 0.6-850 mu g/kg/day, with the two highest geometric mean (GM) intakes in polyvinyl chloride (PVC) film manufacturing (17 mu g/kg/day) and PVC compounding (12 mu g/kg/day). All industries, except phthalate manufacturing, had some workers whose DEHP exposure exceeded the U.S. reference dose (RfD) of 20 mu g/kg/day. A few workers also exceeded the DEHP European tolerable daily intake (TDI) of 50 mu g/kg/day. DEP intake estimates were 0.5-170 mu g/kg/day, with the highest GM in phthalate manufacturing (27 mu g/kg/day). DBP intake estimates were 0.1-76 mu g/kg/day, with the highest GMs in rubber gasket and in phthalate manufacturing (17 mu g/kg/day, each). No DEP or DBP intake estimates exceeded their respective RfDs. The DBP TDI (10 mu g/kg/day) was exceeded in three rubber industries and in phthalate manufacturing. These intake estimates are subject to several uncertainties; however, an occupational contribution to phthalate daily intake is clearly indicated in some industries. Journal of Exposure Science and Environmental Epidemiology (2011) 21, 133-141; doi:10.1038/jes.2009.62; published online 16 December 2009 C1 [Hines, Cynthia J.; Hopf, Nancy B. N.; Deddens, James A.] NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Cincinnati, OH 45230 USA. [Deddens, James A.] Univ Cincinnati, Dept Math Sci, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. [Silva, Manori J.; Calafat, Antonia M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Hines, CJ (reprint author), NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 4676 Columbia Pkwy,R-14, Cincinnati, OH 45230 USA. EM cjh8@cdc.gov NR 56 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 19 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1559-0631 J9 J EXPO SCI ENV EPID JI J. Expo. Sci. Environ. Epidemiol. PD MAR-APR PY 2011 VL 21 IS 2 BP 133 EP 141 DI 10.1038/jes.2009.62 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 730SN UT WOS:000288054700005 PM 20010977 ER PT J AU Samo, DG Bogucki, S Hales, T Haimes, S Czarnecki, F Louis, D AF Samo, Daniel G. Bogucki, Sandy Hales, Thomas Haimes, Stanley Czarnecki, Fabrice Louis, David TI Fire Fighter Wellness Regime SO JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Letter C1 [Samo, Daniel G.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Emergency Med, Feinberg Sch Med, Chicago, IL 60611 USA. [Bogucki, Sandy] Yale Univ, Sch Med, Dept Emergency Med, New Haven, CT USA. [Hales, Thomas] NIOSH, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Haimes, Stanley] Ctr Occupat & Environm Hlth, ACOEM Publ Safety Med Sect, Orlando, FL USA. [Czarnecki, Fabrice] St Joseph Med Ctr, Dept Emergency Med, Towson, MD USA. [Louis, David] ACOEM Publ Safety Med Sect, Dayton, OH USA. RP Samo, DG (reprint author), Northwestern Univ, Dept Emergency Med, Feinberg Sch Med, Chicago, IL 60611 USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1076-2752 J9 J OCCUP ENVIRON MED JI J. Occup. Environ. Med. PD MAR PY 2011 VL 53 IS 3 BP 229 EP 229 DI 10.1097/JOM.0b013e3181ec7cf1 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 732AU UT WOS:000288154400001 PM 21386690 ER PT J AU Hnizdo, E Berry, A Hakobyan, A Beeckman-Wagner, LA Catlett, L AF Hnizdo, Eva Berry, Angela Hakobyan, Artak Beeckman-Wagner, Lu-Ann Catlett, Larry TI Worksite Wellness Program for Respiratory Disease Prevention in Heavy-Construction Workers SO JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY-DISEASE; LUNG-FUNCTION TESTS; OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURES; BUSINESS STRATEGY; US POPULATION; UNITED-STATES; SPIROMETRY; DECLINE; HEALTH; COPD AB Objective: To describe a respiratory disease prevention program in a US heavy-construction company. Methods: The program uses periodic spirometry and questionnaires and is integrated into a worksite wellness program involving individualized intervention. Spirometry Longitudinal Data Analysis (SPIROLA) technology is used to assist the physician with (i) management and evaluation of longitudinal spirometry and questionnaire data; (ii) designing, recoding, and implementing intervention; and (iii) evaluation of impact of the intervention. Preintervention data provide benchmark results. Results: Preintervention results on 1224 workers with 5 or more years of follow-up showed that the mean rate of FEV(1) decline was 47 mL/year. Age-stratified prevalence of moderate airflow obstruction was higher than that for the US population. Conclusion: Preintervention results indicate the need for respiratory disease prevention in this construction workforce and provide a benchmark for future evaluation of the intervention. C1 [Hnizdo, Eva; Beeckman-Wagner, Lu-Ann] NIOSH, Div Resp Dis Studies, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Berry, Angela; Catlett, Larry] Occupat Med Consulting Inc, Leeds, ME USA. [Hakobyan, Artak] Syst Res Applicat Int Inc, Morgantown, WV USA. RP Hnizdo, E (reprint author), NIOSH, Div Resp Dis Studies, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1095 Willowdale Rd, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM ehnizdo@cdc.gov FU National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) FX This work was supported by funding through the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) intramural program. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the NIOSH. NR 51 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 4 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1076-2752 J9 J OCCUP ENVIRON MED JI J. Occup. Environ. Med. PD MAR PY 2011 VL 53 IS 3 BP 274 EP 281 DI 10.1097/JOM.0b013e31820b0ab1 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 732AU UT WOS:000288154400009 PM 21386692 ER PT J AU Buss, BF Safranek, TJ Foley, BP AF Buss, Bryan F. Safranek, Thomas J. Foley, Brett P. TI Statewide Applied Epidemiology Workforce Capacity and Competency Assessment-Nebraska, 2008 SO JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH MANAGEMENT AND PRACTICE LA English DT Article DE epidemiology; public health practice; workforce ID HEALTH WORKFORCE AB Objectives: Applied epidemiology is critical for effective delivery of essential public health services. However, the Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologists has documented national shortages of formally trained epidemiologists. We characterized Nebraska's epidemiology workforce and assessed capacity by using Centers for Disease Control and Prevention/Council of State and Territorial Epidemiologist applied epidemiology competencies. Methods: We contacted persons likely practicing epidemiology in Nebraska and administered an Internet-based survey to self-identified epidemiologists. Respondents defined by epidemiology-specific education or training were grouped into 2 tier levels. Within each of 8 applied epidemiology competency skill domains, multiple competency statements were listed. By using Likert-type scales (0[never/none] or 1-5[low-high]), we measured frequency of and ability to perform competencies and desire for competency-specific training. Mean differences were calculated between defined groups. Results: Of 91 contacted persons, 83 (91.2%) responded. Of these, 74 (89.2%) self-reported as epidemiologists; 10 (13.5%), 26 (35.1%), and 22 (29.7%) reported 6 to 10, 3 to 5, and less than or equal to 2 years' experience, respectively. Epidemiology-specific advanced degrees or extended-duration formal training were reported by 21.6% (16 of 74) overall and 10.3% (6 of 58) of those reporting 10 years' experience or less. Epidemiologists meeting Applied Epidemiology Competency Tier 2/midlevel criteria (n = 13) reported higher mean frequencies of and abilities to perform competencies in all skill domains. Those not meeting Tier 2 criteria (n = 58) reported higher desire for competency-specific training. Conclusions: This assessment demonstrates the value of the applied epidemiology competencies as a tool to assess workforce epidemiology capacity and differences between defined tier groups. Findings indicate low proportions of formally educated or trained epidemiologists in Nebraska, particularly among the less experienced. C1 [Buss, Bryan F.] Nebraska Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Div Publ Hlth, Off Epidemiol, Lincoln, NE 68509 USA. [Buss, Bryan F.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Publ Hlth Preparedness & Response, Career Epidemiol Field Officer Program, Atlanta, GA USA. [Foley, Brett P.] Univ Nebraska, Buros Inst Assessment Consultat & Outreach, Lincoln, NE USA. RP Buss, BF (reprint author), Nebraska Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Div Publ Hlth, Off Epidemiol, 301 Centennial Mall S,POB 95026, Lincoln, NE 68509 USA. EM bryan.buss@nebraska.gov NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1078-4659 J9 J PUBLIC HEALTH MAN JI J. Public Health Manag. Pract. PD MAR-APR PY 2011 VL 17 IS 2 BP 110 EP 121 DI 10.1097/PHH.0b013e3181e83f6a PG 12 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 716MV UT WOS:000286975200005 PM 21297406 ER PT J AU Wright, DS Grunbaum, JA Dawkins, N Dino, G Chervin, D Barnes, K Olarita-Dhungana, J Simoes, E AF Wright, Demia Sundra Grunbaum, Jo Anne Dawkins, Nicola Dino, Geri Chervin, Doryn Barnes, Katie Olarita-Dhungana, Josephina Simoes, Eduardo TI Ensuring Accountability in Public Health Prevention Research: Evaluating the Prevention Research Centers Program at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention SO JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH MANAGEMENT AND PRACTICE LA English DT Article DE Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; community-based participatory research; health promotion; program evaluation ID IMPACT AB The Prevention Research Centers (PRC) Program at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention funds centers in schools of public health and medicine to conduct health-promotion and disease-prevention research and other activities, using a community-based participatory research approach. A national program evaluation assessed PRC Program contributions to public health practices and policies, community-based participatory research implementation, and PRCs' infrastructures and organizational factors. An overview of the evaluation development and implementation activities is provided, along with highlighted results from program indicators, contextual studies, and other complementary activities. Evaluation design used both quantitative and qualitative methods. Lessons learned from the evaluation process include having a clear purpose to provide clarity to the evaluation and ensuring that the study design and data collection methods capture important outcomes. The PRC evaluation demonstrated PRC Program accomplishments and provided insight to the process of participatory research at the PRCs. Challenges with data collection instigated changes to how evaluation data will be collected in the future. The evaluation strategies and lessons learned can guide other national public health research programs in conducting their own evaluations and navigating challenges inherent when assessing such complex programs. C1 [Wright, Demia Sundra; Grunbaum, Jo Anne; Simoes, Eduardo] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Dawkins, Nicola; Chervin, Doryn] ICF Macro, Atlanta, GA USA. [Dino, Geri] W Virginia Univ, Dept Community Med, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. [Dino, Geri] W Virginia Prevent Res Ctr, Morgantown, WV USA. [Barnes, Katie] Univ N Carolina, Ctr Hlth Promot & Dis Prevent, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Olarita-Dhungana, Josephina] Los Angeles Unified Sch Dist, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Olarita-Dhungana, Josephina] Carson Family Resource Ctr, Carson, CA USA. RP Grunbaum, JA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 4770 Buford Highway NE,MS K-45, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM jgrun-baum@cdc.gov OI Simoes, Eduardo/0000-0003-4371-4305 FU NCCDPHP CDC HHS [U48 DP001921] NR 27 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1078-4659 J9 J PUBLIC HEALTH MAN JI J. Public Health Manag. Pract. PD MAR-APR PY 2011 VL 17 IS 2 BP E1 EP E9 DI 10.1097/PHH.0b013e3181d8bbc8 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 716MV UT WOS:000286975200001 PM 21297402 ER PT J AU Kirby, RS Wingate, MS Braun, KV Doernberg, NS Arneson, CL Benedict, RE Mulvihill, B Durkin, MS Fitzgerald, RT Maenner, MJ Patz, JA Yeargin-Allsopp, M AF Kirby, Russell S. Wingate, Martha S. Braun, Kim Van Naarden Doernberg, Nancy S. Arneson, Carrie L. Benedict, Ruth E. Mulvihill, Beverly Durkin, Maureen S. Fitzgerald, Robert T. Maenner, Matthew J. Patz, Jean A. Yeargin-Allsopp, Marshalyn TI Prevalence and functioning of children with cerebral palsy in four areas of the United States in 2006: A report from the Autism and Developmental Disabilities Monitoring Network SO RESEARCH IN DEVELOPMENTAL DISABILITIES LA English DT Article DE Cerebral palsy; Surveillance; Developmental disability; Gross motor function ID GROSS MOTOR FUNCTION; HEALTH-CARE NEEDS; SPECTRUM DISORDERS; SURVEILLANCE; COLLABORATION; RELIABILITY; EUROPE; IMPACT; SITES AB Aim: To estimate the prevalence of cerebral palsy (CP) and the frequency of co-occurring developmental disabilities (DDs), gross motor function (GMF), and walking ability using the largest surveillance DD database in the US. Methods: We conducted population-based surveillance of 8-year-old children in 2006 (N= 142,338), in areas of Alabama, Georgia, Wisconsin, and Missouri. This multi-site collaboration involved retrospective record review at multiple sources. We reported CP subtype, co-occurring DDs, Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) level, and walking ability as well as CP period prevalence by race/ethnicity and sex. Results: CP prevalence was 3.3(95% confidence interval [CI]: 3.1-3.7) per 1000 and varied by site, ranging from 2.9 (Wisconsin) to 3.8 (Georgia) per 1000, 8-year olds (p <0.02). Approximately 81% had spastic CP. Among children with CP, 8% had an autism spectrum disorder and 35% had epilepsy. Using the GMFCS, 38.1% functioned at the highest level (I), with 17.1% at the lowest level (V). Fifty-six percent were able to walk independently and 33% had limited or no walking ability. Interpretation: Surveillance data are enhanced when factors such as functioning and co-occurring conditions known to affect clinical service needs, quality of life, and health care are also considered. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Kirby, Russell S.] Univ S Florida, Coll Publ Hlth, Dept Community & Family Hlth, Tampa, FL 33612 USA. [Wingate, Martha S.; Mulvihill, Beverly] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Care Org & Policy, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. [Braun, Kim Van Naarden; Doernberg, Nancy S.; Yeargin-Allsopp, Marshalyn] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Arneson, Carrie L.; Benedict, Ruth E.; Durkin, Maureen S.; Maenner, Matthew J.; Patz, Jean A.] Univ Wisconsin, Waisman Ctr, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Benedict, Ruth E.; Patz, Jean A.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Kinesiol, Occupat Therapy Program, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Durkin, Maureen S.; Maenner, Matthew J.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Populat Hlth Sci, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Fitzgerald, Robert T.] Washington Univ, Dept Psychiat, St Louis, MO USA. RP Kirby, RS (reprint author), Univ S Florida, Coll Publ Hlth, Dept Community & Family Hlth, 13201 Bruce B Downs Blvd,MDC56, Tampa, FL 33612 USA. EM rkirby@health.usf.edu RI Durkin, Maureen/B-7834-2015 NR 32 TC 66 Z9 71 U1 1 U2 17 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0891-4222 J9 RES DEV DISABIL JI Res. Dev. Disabil. PD MAR-APR PY 2011 VL 32 IS 2 BP 462 EP 469 DI 10.1016/j.ridd.2010.12.042 PG 8 WC Education, Special; Rehabilitation SC Education & Educational Research; Rehabilitation GA 725WZ UT WOS:000287678900008 PM 21273041 ER PT J AU Gander, P Hartley, L Powell, D Cabon, P Hitchcock, E Mills, A Popkin, S AF Gander, Philippa Hartley, Laurence Powell, David Cabon, Philippe Hitchcock, Edward Mills, Ann Popkin, Stephen TI Fatigue risk management: Organizational factors at the regulatory and industry/company level SO ACCIDENT ANALYSIS AND PREVENTION LA English DT Article DE Hours of service regulations; Regulation for fatigue risk management; Locus of responsibility for safety; Cultural factors in fatigue risk management; Essential components in a fatigue risk management system; Implementation challenges ID VEHICLE ACCIDENTS; SLEEP; DRIVERS; WORK AB This paper focuses on the development of fatigue risk management systems (FRMS) in the transport sector. The evolution of regulatory frameworks is traced, from uni-dimensional hours of service regulations through to frameworks that enable multi-dimensional FRMS. These regulatory changes reflect advances in understanding of human error in the aetiology of accidents, and in fatigue and safety science. Implementation of FRMS shifts the locus of responsibility for safety away from the regulator towards companies and individuals, and requires changes in traditional roles. Organizational, ethnic, and national culture need to be considered. Recent trends in the work environment have potential to adversely affect FRMS, including precarious employment and shortages of skilled labour. Essential components of an FRMS, and examples of FRMS in different transport modes, are described. It is vital that regulators, employer, and employees have an understanding of the causes and consequences of fatigue that is sufficient for them to meet their responsibilities in relation to FRMS. While there is a strong evidence base supporting the principles of FRMS, experience with implementation is more limited. The evidence base for effective implementation will expand, since FRMS is data-driven, and ongoing evaluation is integral. We strongly advocate that experience be shared wherever possible. (C) 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Gander, Philippa] Massey Univ, Sleep Wake Res Ctr, Wellington, New Zealand. [Hartley, Laurence] Murdoch Univ, Dept Psychol, Murdoch, WA 6150, Australia. [Powell, David] Univ Otago, Aviat Med Unit, Air New Zealand & Aviat & Occupat Med Unit, Dunedin, New Zealand. [Cabon, Philippe] Univ Paris 05, LAA, EA 4070, Paris, France. [Hitchcock, Edward] NIOSH, US Dept HHS, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Appl Res & Technol, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Mills, Ann] Rail Safety & Stand Board, London NW1 2DX, England. [Popkin, Stephen] US Dept Transportat, John A Volpe Natl Transportat Syst Ctr, Cambridge, MA USA. RP Gander, P (reprint author), Massey Univ, Sleep Wake Res Ctr, Private Box 756, Wellington, New Zealand. EM p.h.gander@massey.ac.nz NR 65 TC 53 Z9 54 U1 2 U2 10 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0001-4575 J9 ACCIDENT ANAL PREV JI Accid. Anal. Prev. PD MAR PY 2011 VL 43 IS 2 SI SI BP 573 EP 590 DI 10.1016/j.aap.2009.11.007 PG 18 WC Ergonomics; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary; Transportation SC Engineering; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences - Other Topics; Transportation GA 725AI UT WOS:000287617200007 PM 21130218 ER PT J AU Fridkin, SK Olmsted, RN AF Fridkin, Scott K. Olmsted, Russell N. TI Meaningful measure of performance: A foundation built on valid, reproducible findings from surveillance of health care-associated infections SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INFECTION CONTROL LA English DT Editorial Material ID BLOOD-STREAM INFECTION; CULTURES; ADULTS C1 [Fridkin, Scott K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Surveillance Branch, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Olmsted, Russell N.] St Joseph Mercy Hlth Syst, Infect Prevent & Control Serv, Ann Arbor, MI USA. RP Fridkin, SK (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Surveillance Branch, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mailstop A24, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 12 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0196-6553 J9 AM J INFECT CONTROL JI Am. J. Infect. Control PD MAR PY 2011 VL 39 IS 2 BP 87 EP 90 DI 10.1016/j.ajic.2011.01.002 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 727LF UT WOS:000287800600001 PM 21356430 ER PT J AU Philipp, CS Faiz, A Heit, JA Kouides, PA Lukes, A Stein, SF Byams, V Miller, CH Kulkarni, R AF Philipp, Claire S. Faiz, Ambarina Heit, John A. Kouides, Peter A. Lukes, Andrea Stein, Sidney F. Byams, Vanessa Miller, Connie H. Kulkarni, Roshni TI Evaluation of a screening tool for bleeding disorders in a US multisite cohort of women with menorrhagia SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE bleeding disorder; ferritin; hemostatic evaluation; menorrhagia ID VON-WILLEBRAND-DISEASE; MENSTRUAL BLOOD-LOSS; PREVALENCE; TYPE-1; MULTICENTER; MANAGEMENT AB OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to determine the usefulness of a simple screening tool for bleeding disorders in a multisite population of women with menorrhagia. STUDY DESIGN: Women with menorrhagia between the ages of 18 and 50 years from 6 geographically diverse US centers underwent hemostatic testing for bleeding disorders, complete blood cell count, and ferritin. A questionnaire that contained all elements of the 8-question screening tool was administered. Sensitivity of the screening tool, a screening tool with a pictorial blood assessment chart (PBAC) score of > 185, and a screening tool with serum ferritin were calculated for hemostatic disorders. RESULTS: Two hundred and seventeen women who were identified with a PBAC score of >= 100 participated in the study. The sensitivity of the screening tool was 89% for hemostatic defects, and sensitivity increased to 93% and 95% with a serum ferritin level of <= 20 ng/mL and a PBAC score of > 185, respectively. CONCLUSION: This study confirms the usefulness of a short screening tool for the stratification of women with menorrhagia for hemostatic evaluation. C1 [Philipp, Claire S.; Faiz, Ambarina] UMDNJ Robert Wood Johnson Med Sch, Div Hematol, New Brunswick, NJ 08903 USA. [Heit, John A.] Mayo Clin, Div Cardiovasc Dis, Rochester, MN USA. [Kouides, Peter A.] Univ Rochester, Sch Med, Rochester Gen Hosp, Rochester, NY USA. [Kouides, Peter A.] Univ Rochester, Sch Med, Mary M Gooley Hemophilia Ctr, Rochester, NY USA. [Lukes, Andrea] Duke Univ, Sch Med, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Durham, NC USA. [Stein, Sidney F.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Hematol & Med Oncol, Atlanta, GA USA. [Byams, Vanessa; Miller, Connie H.; Kulkarni, Roshni] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Blood Disorders, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA USA. [Kulkarni, Roshni] Michigan State Univ, Dept Pediat & Human Dev, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Philipp, CS (reprint author), UMDNJ Robert Wood Johnson Med Sch, Div Hematol, POB 19,MEB Rm 378, New Brunswick, NJ 08903 USA. EM philipp@umdnj.edu OI Miller, Connie H/0000-0002-3989-7973 FU Association of Teachers of Preventive Medicine/Centers for Disease Control and Prevention FX Supported by the Association of Teachers of Preventive Medicine/Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (C.S.P., J.A.H., P.A.K., A.L., RK, and S.F.S.). NR 20 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 10 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0002-9378 J9 AM J OBSTET GYNECOL JI Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. PD MAR PY 2011 VL 204 IS 3 AR 209.e1 DI 10.1016/j.ajog.2010.10.897 PG 7 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 730CY UT WOS:000288010300014 PM 21247551 ER PT J AU Corso, PS Fang, XM Mercy, JA AF Corso, Phaedra S. Fang, Xiangming Mercy, James A. TI Benefits of Preventing a Death Associated With Child Maltreatment: Evidence From Willingness-to-Pay Survey Data SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article ID CONTINGENT-VALUATION; NATIONAL SAMPLE; VIOLENCE; LIFE; ILLNESS; HEALTH; COST AB Although assessing the costs of an intervention to prevent child maltreatment is straightforward, placing a monetary value on benefits is challenging. Respondents participating in a statewide random-digit-dialed survey were asked how much they would be willing to pay to prevent a death caused by child maltreatment. Our results suggested that society may value preventing a death from child maltreatment at $15 million. If a child maltreatment intervention is effective enough to save even 1 life, then in many cases, its benefits will outweigh its costs. (Am J Public Health. 2011;101:487-490. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2010.196584) C1 [Corso, Phaedra S.] Univ Georgia, Dept Hlth Policy & Management, Coll Publ Hlth, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Fang, Xiangming; Mercy, James A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Violence Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Corso, PS (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Dept Hlth Policy & Management, Coll Publ Hlth, 109 Visual Arts Bldg,285 S Jackson St, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM pcorso@uga.edu RI Fang, Xiangming/O-1653-2014 OI Fang, Xiangming/0000-0001-9922-8977 FU University of Georgia Research Foundation (UGARF) FX This study was partially funded by a grant from the University of Georgia Research Foundation (UGARF). NR 30 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 10 PU AMER PUBLIC HEALTH ASSOC INC PI WASHINGTON PA 800 I STREET, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20001-3710 USA SN 0090-0036 J9 AM J PUBLIC HEALTH JI Am. J. Public Health PD MAR PY 2011 VL 101 IS 3 BP 487 EP 490 DI 10.2105/AJPH.2010.196584 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 724JL UT WOS:000287571800023 PM 21233433 ER PT J AU O'Toole, LJ Slade, CP Brewer, GA Gase, LN AF O'Toole, Laurence J., Jr. Slade, Catherine P. Brewer, Gene A. Gase, Lauren N. TI Barriers and Facilitators to Implementing Primary Stroke Center Policy in the United States: Results From 4 Case Study States SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article ID RECOMMENDATIONS; ESTABLISHMENT; CARE AB Objectives. We identified barriers and facilitators to the state-level implementation of primary stroke center (PSC) policies, which encourage the certification or designation of specialized stroke treatment facilities and may address concerns such as transportation bypass, telemedicine, and treatment protocols. Methods. We studied the experiences of 4 states (Florida, Massachusetts, New Mexico, and New York) selected from the 18 states that had enacted PSC policies or were actively considering doing so. We conducted semistructured interviews during fieldwork in each case study state. Results. Our results showed that system fragmentation, gaps in human and financial resources, and complexity at the interorganizational and operational levels are common barriers and that policy champions, stakeholder support and communication, and operational adaptation are essential facilitators in the adoption and implementation of PSC policies. Conclusions. The identification of barriers and facilitators reveals the contextual elements that can help or hinder policy implementation and may be useful in informing policy formulation and implementation in other jurisdictions. Proactively identifying jurisdictional challenges and opportunities may help facilitate the policy process for PSC designation and allow jurisdictions to develop more effective stroke systems of care. (Am J Public Health. 2011;101:561-566. doi:10.2105/AJPH.2010.197954) C1 [O'Toole, Laurence J., Jr.] Univ Georgia, Dept Publ Adm & Policy, Sch Publ & Int Affairs, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Gase, Lauren N.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Heart Dis & Stroke Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP O'Toole, LJ (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Dept Publ Adm & Policy, Sch Publ & Int Affairs, 204 Baldwin Hall, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM crnsotool@uga.edu NR 21 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER PUBLIC HEALTH ASSOC INC PI WASHINGTON PA 800 I STREET, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20001-3710 USA SN 0090-0036 EI 1541-0048 J9 AM J PUBLIC HEALTH JI Am. J. Public Health PD MAR PY 2011 VL 101 IS 3 BP 561 EP 566 DI 10.2105/AJPH.2010.197954 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 724JL UT WOS:000287571800034 PM 21233430 ER PT J AU Thigpen, MC Filler, SJ Kazembe, PN Parise, ME Macheso, A Campbell, CH Newman, RD Steketee, RW Hamel, M AF Thigpen, Michael C. Filler, Scott J. Kazembe, Peter N. Parise, Monica E. Macheso, Allan Campbell, Carl H. Newman, Robert D. Steketee, Richard W. Hamel, Mary TI Associations between Peripheral Plasmodium falciparum Malaria Parasitemia, Human Immunodeficiency Virus, and Concurrent Helminthic Infection among Pregnant Women in Malawi SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID ASCARIS-LUMBRICOIDES; SCHISTOSOMA-HAEMATOBIUM; RANDOMIZED-TRIAL; RISK-FACTORS; COINFECTION; PREVALENCE; CHILDREN; UGANDA; COMMUNITIES; POPULATION AB Approximately 2 billion persons worldwide are infected with schistosomiasis and soil-transmitted helminthes (STH), many in areas where endemic malaria transmission coexists. Few data exist on associations between these infections. Nested within a larger clinical trial, primigravid and secundigravid women provided blood samples for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) testing and peripheral malaria films and stool and urine for evaluation of STH and Schistosoma spp. during their initial antenatal clinic visit. The most common parasitic infections were malaria (37.6%), S. haematobium (32.3%), and hookworm (14.4%); 14.2% of women were HIV-infected. S. haematobium infection was associated with lower malarial parasite densities (344 versus 557 parasites/mu t blood; P < 0.05). In multivariate analysis, HIV and hookworm infection were independently associated with malaria infection (adjusted odds ratio = 1.9 and 95% confidence interval = 1.2-3.0 for HIV; adjusted odds ratio = 1.9 and 95% confidence interval = 1.03-3.5 for hookworm). Concurrent helminthic; infection had both positive and negative effects on malaria parasitemia among pregnant women in Malawi. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Malaria Branch, Div Parasit Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. Malawi Minist Hlth & Populat, Lilongwe, Malawi. [Thigpen, Michael C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Filler, Scott J.; Parise, Monica E.; Hamel, Mary] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis & Malaria, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Kazembe, Peter N.] Baylor Coll Med, Childrens Fdn, Lilongwe, Malawi. [Macheso, Allan] UNICEF Malawi, Lilongwe 3, Malawi. [Campbell, Carl H.] Univ Georgia, SCORE, CTEGD, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Newman, Robert D.] World Hlth Org, Global Malaria Programme, Geneva, NY USA. [Steketee, Richard W.] PATH, MACEPA, Seattle, WA USA. RP Thigpen, MC (reprint author), 3150 Rampart Rd, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM mthigpen@cdc.gov; SFiller@cdc.gov; pnkazembe@malawi.net; mparise@cdc.gov; amacheso@unicef.org; ccamp@uga.edu; newmanr@who.int; rsteketee@path.org; mlh8@cdc.gov NR 38 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 2 U2 7 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD MAR PY 2011 VL 84 IS 3 BP 379 EP 385 DI 10.4269/ajtmh.2011.10-0186 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 730AK UT WOS:000287995600004 PM 21363973 ER PT J AU Brown, HE Yates, KF Dietrich, G MacMillan, K Graham, CB Reese, SM Helterbrand, WS Nicholson, WL Blount, K Mead, PS Patrick, SL Eisen, RJ AF Brown, Heidi E. Yates, Karen F. Dietrich, Gabrielle MacMillan, Katherine Graham, Christine B. Reese, Sara M. Helterbrand, Wm Steve Nicholson, William L. Blount, Keith Mead, Paul S. Patrick, Sarah L. Eisen, Rebecca J. TI An Acarologic Survey and Amblyomma americanum Distribution Map with Implications for Tularemia Risk in Missouri SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID WHITE-TAILED DEER; LONE STAR TICK; UNITED-STATES; LYME-DISEASE; DERMACENTOR-VARIABILIS; FRANCISELLA-TULARENSIS; SEASONAL OCCURRENCE; HOST ASSOCIATIONS; MENDOCINO COUNTY; DENSE WOODLANDS AB In the United States, tickborne diseases occur focally. Missouri represents a major focus of several tickborne diseases that includes spotted fever rickettsiosis, tularemia, and ehrlichiosis. Our study sought to determine the potential risk of human exposure to human-biting vector ticks in this area. We collected ticks in 79 sites in southern Missouri during June 7-10, 2009, which yielded 1,047 adult and 3,585 nymphal Amblyomma americanum,5 adult Amblyomma maculatum, 19 adult Dermacentor variabilis, and 5 nymphal lxodes brunneus. Logistic regression analysis showed that areas posing an elevated risk of exposure to A. americanum nymphs or adults were more likely to be classified as forested than grassland, and the probability of being classified as elevated risk increased with increasing relative humidity during the month of June (30-year average). Overall accuracy of each of the two models was greater than 70% and showed that 20% and 30% of the state were classified as elevated risk for human exposure to nymphs and adults, respectively. We also found a significant positive association between heightened acarologic risk and counties reporting tularemia cases. Our study provides an updated distribution map for A. americanum in Missouri and suggests a wide-spread risk of human exposure to A. americanum and their associated pathogens in this region. C1 [Brown, Heidi E.] Univ Arizona, Sch Geog & Dev, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Yates, Karen F.] Missouri Dept Hlth & Senior Serv, Vector Borne Dis Program, Jefferson City, MO USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, Bacterial Dis Branch, Ft Collins, CO USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, Epidemiol Branch, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Dietrich, Gabrielle; MacMillan, Katherine; Graham, Christine B.; Mead, Paul S.; Eisen, Rebecca J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Reese, Sara M.] Div Colorado Dept Publ Hlth & Environm, Hlth Facil & Emergency Med Serv, South Denver, CO USA. Colorado Dept Publ Hlth & Environm, Patient Safety Program, Hlth Facil & Emergency Med Serv Div, South Denver, CO USA. [Helterbrand, Wm Steve] US Geol Survey, Natl Geospatial Tech Operat Ctr, Ctr Excellence Geospatial Informat Sci, Rolla, MO USA. US Geol Survey, Midcontinent Geog Sci Ctr, Rolla, MO USA. [Nicholson, William L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Dis Assessment Team, Rickettsial Zoonoses Branch, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Blount, Keith] USAF Acad, Dept Biol, Colorado Springs, CO USA. [Patrick, Sarah L.] Missouri Dept Hlth & Senior Serv, Sect Epidemiol & Publ Hlth Practice, Div Community & Publ Hlth, Jefferson City, MO USA. USAF, Res Labs, Brooks City Base, TX USA. RP Brown, HE (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Sch Geog & Dev, 1103 E 2nd St,Harvill Room 405, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. EM heidibrown@email.arizona.edu; karen.yates@dhss.mo.gov; edietrich@cdc.gov; kmacmillan@cdc.gov; cgraham@cdc.gov; sreese@smtpgate.dphe.state.co.us; vwhelterbrand@usgs.gov; wnicholson@cdc.gov; keith.blount@us.af.mil; pfm0@cdc.gov; sarah.patrick@dhss.mo.gov; rjeisen@cdc.gov OI Brown, Heidi/0000-0001-8578-5510 FU National Center for Zoonotic, Vector-Borne; Enteric Diseases, Division of Vector-Borne Diseases, CDC; U.S. Department of Energy; CDC; CDC National Center for Environmental Health FX This study was supported in part by the appointment of Heidi E. Brown to the Research Participation Program at the National Center for Zoonotic, Vector-Borne, and Enteric Diseases, Division of Vector-Borne Diseases, CDC administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an interagency agreement between the U.S. Department of Energy and CDC. Partial support for this project was provided through the internal funding under the CDC National Center for Environmental Health. NR 50 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 23 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD MAR PY 2011 VL 84 IS 3 BP 411 EP 419 DI 10.4269/ajtmh.2011.10-0593 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 730AK UT WOS:000287995600010 PM 21363979 ER PT J AU MacMillan, K Enscore, RE Ogen-Odoi, A Borchert, JN Babi, N Amatre, G Atiku, LA Mead, PS Gage, KL Eisen, RJ AF MacMillan, Katherine Enscore, Russell E. Ogen-Odoi, Asaph Borchert, Jeff N. Babi, Nackson Amatre, Gerald Atiku, Linda A. Mead, Paul S. Gage, Kenneth L. Eisen, Rebecca J. TI Landscape and Residential Variables Associated with Plague-Endemic Villages in the West Nile Region of Uganda SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID SOUTHWESTERN UNITED-STATES; YERSINIA-PESTIS; RISK-FACTORS; NEW-MEXICO; MODELS; EPIDEMIOLOGY; SUITABILITY; EXPOSURE; VECTORS AB Plague, caused by the bacteria Yersinia pestis, is a severe, often fatal disease. This study focuses on the plague-endemic West Nile region of Uganda, where limited information is available regarding environmental and behavioral risk factors associated with plague infection. We conducted observational surveys of 10 randomly selected huts within historically classified case and control villages (four each) two times during the dry season of 2006 (N = 78 case huts and N = 80 control huts), which immediately preceded a large plague outbreak. By coupling a previously published landscape-level statistical model of plague risk with this observational survey, we were able to identify potential residence-based risk factors for plague associated with huts within historic case or control villages (e.g., distance to neighboring homestead and presence of pigs near the home) and huts within areas previously predicted as elevated risk or low risk (e.g., corn and other annual crops grown near the home, water storage in the home, and processed commercial foods stored in the home). The identified variables are consistent with current ecologic theories on plague transmission dynamics. This preliminary study serves as a foundation for future case control studies in the area. C1 [MacMillan, Katherine; Enscore, Russell E.; Borchert, Jeff N.; Mead, Paul S.; Gage, Kenneth L.; Eisen, Rebecca J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, Ft Collins, CO 80522 USA. [Babi, Nackson; Amatre, Gerald; Atiku, Linda A.] Uganda Virus Res Inst, Entebbe, Uganda. [Babi, Nackson; Amatre, Gerald] Makerere Univ, Dept Zool, Kampala, Uganda. [Amatre, Gerald] Kyambogo Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Kampala, Uganda. RP Eisen, RJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, 3150 Rampart Rd, Ft Collins, CO 80522 USA. EM iky4@cdc.gov; rce0@cdc.gov; gqx1@cdc.gov; nacksonbabi@yahoo.com; gamatrea@yahoo.com; lindadawnpinky@yahoo.com; pfm0@cdc.gov; klg0@cdc.gov; DYN2@cdc.gov NR 41 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD MAR PY 2011 VL 84 IS 3 BP 435 EP 442 DI 10.4269/ajtmh.2011.10-0571 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 730AK UT WOS:000287995600014 PM 21363983 ER PT J AU Beatty, ME Beutels, P Meltzer, MI Shepard, DS Hombach, J Hutubessy, R Dessis, D Coudeville, L Dervaux, B Wichmann, O Margolis, HS Kuritsky, JN AF Beatty, Mark E. Beutels, Philippe Meltzer, Martin I. Shepard, Donald S. Hombach, Joachim Hutubessy, Raymond Dessis, Damien Coudeville, Laurent Dervaux, Benoit Wichmann, Ole Margolis, Harold S. Kuritsky, Joel N. TI Health Economics of Dengue: A Systematic Literature Review and Expert Panel's Assessment SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID ADJUSTED LIFE-YEARS; FEVER/DENGUE HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER; AEGYPTI CONTROL PROGRAMS; COST-EFFECTIVENESS; AEDES-AEGYPTI; PUERTO-RICO; CONTINGENT VALUATION; VIRUS-INFECTION; VECTOR CONTROL; PRIMARY-SCHOOL AB Dengue vaccines are currently in development and policymakers need appropriate economic studies to determine their potential financial and public health impact. We searched five databases (PubMed, EMBASE, LILAC, EconLit, and WHOLIS) to identify health economics studies of dengue. Forty-three manuscripts were identified that provided primary data: 32 report economic burden of dengue and nine are comparative economic analyses assessing various interventions. The remaining two were a willingness-to-pay study and a policymaker survey. An expert panel reviewed the existing dengue economic literature and recommended future research to fill information gaps. Although dengue is an important vector-borne disease, the economic literature is relatively sparse and results have often been conflicting because of use of inconsistent assumptions. Health economic research specific to dengue is urgently needed to ensure informed decision making on the various options for controlling and preventing this disease. C1 [Beatty, Mark E.] Int Vaccine Inst, Pediat Dengue Vaccine Initiat, Seoul, South Korea. Univ Antwerp, Ctr Hlth Econ Res & Modeling Infect Dis, Ctr Evaluat Vaccinat, Vaccine & Infect Dis Inst, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium. [Beutels, Philippe] Univ Antwerp, Ctr Hlth Econ Res & Modeling Infect Dis CHERMID, Ctr Evaluat Vaccinat, Vaccine & Infect Dis Inst VAXINFECTIO, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Meltzer, Martin I.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, CDC CCID NCPDCID DEISS, Atlanta, GA USA. [Shepard, Donald S.] Brandeis Univ, Heller Sch, Schneider Inst Hlth Policy, Waltham, MA 02254 USA. [Hombach, Joachim; Hutubessy, Raymond] World Hlth Org, Initiat Vaccine Res, Geneva, Switzerland. [Dessis, Damien] GlaxoSmithKline Biol, Wavre, Belgium. [Coudeville, Laurent] Sanofi Pasteur, Lyon, France. [Dervaux, Benoit] Univ Catholique Lille, Lille, France. [Wichmann, Ole] Robert Koch Inst, D-1000 Berlin, Germany. [Margolis, Harold S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Dengue Branch, San Juan, PR USA. [Kuritsky, Joel N.] US Agcy Int Dev, Washington, DC 20523 USA. RP Beatty, ME (reprint author), Int Vaccine Inst, Pediat Dengue Vaccine Initiat, San 4-8 Bongcheon 7 Dong, Seoul, South Korea. EM mbeatty@pdvi.org; philippe.beutels@ua.ac.be; qzm4@CDC.GOV; shepard@brandeis.edu; hombachj@who.int; hutubessyr@who.int; damien.dessis@gskbio.com; laurent.coudeville@sanofipasteur.com; benoit.dervaux@univ-lille2.fr; WichmannO@rki.de; hsm1@cdc.gov; jkuritsky@usaid.gov RI Beutels, Philippe/A-1919-2010; Dervaux, Benoit/A-7161-2014; Calmette, Albert/Q-2318-2016; OI Beutels, Philippe/0000-0001-5034-3595; Calmette, Albert/0000-0002-1852-0122; Wichmann, Ole/0000-0003-2353-7188 FU Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation FX PDVI is funded solely by The Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation (www.gatesfoundation.org). The systematic review was completed as part of the routine work of PDVI. The donor had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 102 TC 72 Z9 73 U1 2 U2 19 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD MAR PY 2011 VL 84 IS 3 BP 473 EP 488 DI 10.4269/ajtmh.2011.10-0521 PG 16 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 730AK UT WOS:000287995600020 PM 21363989 ER PT J AU Kuklenyik, Z Boyer, AE Lins, R Quinn, CP Gallegos-Candela, M Woolfitt, A Pirkle, JL Barr, JR AF Kuklenyik, Zsuzsanna Boyer, Anne E. Lins, Renato Quinn, Conrad P. Gallegos-Candela, Maribel Woolfitt, Adrian Pirkle, James L. Barr, John R. TI Comparison of MALDI-TOF-MS and HPLC-ESI-MS/MS for Endopeptidase Activity-Based Quantification of Anthrax Lethal Factor in Serum SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID MASS-SPECTROMETRY; INHALATION ANTHRAX AB Diagnosing and treating anthrax at the earliest stage of disease is critical. We developed a method to diagnose anthrax at early stages of infection by detecting anthrax lethal factor (LF) at the attomol/mL level in plasma or serum. This method uses antibody capture and quantification of LF endoproteinase activity by isotope dilution matrix-assisted laser-desorption ionization (MALDI) time-of-flight (TOF) mass spectrometry (MS). Many public health laboratories do not use MALDI-TOF-MS; thus, we have adapted the LF method for detection by electrospray ionization (ESI) tandem MS (MS/MS), which allowed comparison of both MS platforms for LF quantification. Calibration curves were linear from 0.05-2.5 ng/mL when measured after 2 h and from 0.005-1.0 ng/mL after 18 h incubation time. The limit of detection was 0.005 ng/mL using a 200 mu L sample. The coefficient of variation for quality control samples was 6-12% for both MS platforms. Samples used to perform cross-validation included 158 serum samples from a study in rabbits exposed to anthrax spores by inhalation. Some were treated with anthrax immune globulin before exposure. Concentrations measured by ESI-MS/MS matched those by MALDI-TOF-MS with p = 0.99 (r(2) = 0.997) and -0.25% mean relative difference (+/-9% standard deviation). This study shows that isotope dilution MALDI-TOF-MS is a robust and precise quantitative MS platform. C1 [Kuklenyik, Zsuzsanna; Boyer, Anne E.; Lins, Renato; Gallegos-Candela, Maribel; Woolfitt, Adrian; Pirkle, James L.; Barr, John R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Quinn, Conrad P.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Lins, Renato] Battelle Atlanta Analyt Serv, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Barr, JR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, 4770 Buford Hwy NE, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM jbarr@cdc.gov NR 11 TC 13 Z9 15 U1 2 U2 19 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-2700 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD MAR 1 PY 2011 VL 83 IS 5 BP 1760 EP 1765 DI 10.1021/ac1030144 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 725ZQ UT WOS:000287685800039 PM 21302970 ER PT J AU Crump, JA Medalla, FM Joyce, KW Krueger, L Hoekstra, RM Whichard, JM Barzilay, EJ AF Crump, John A. Medalla, Felicita M. Joyce, Kevin W. Krueger, L. Hoekstra, R. Michael Whichard, Jean M. Barzilay, Ezra J. CA NARMS Working Grp TI Antimicrobial Resistance among Invasive Nontyphoidal Salmonella enterica Isolates in the United States: National Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring System, 1996 to 2007 SO ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY LA English DT Article ID BLOOD-STREAM INFECTIONS; DECREASED SUSCEPTIBILITY; SPECTRUM CEPHALOSPORINS; CLINICAL-RESPONSE; SEROTYPE TYPHI; FOODNET; DISEASE; BURDEN; FLUOROQUINOLONES; MULTICENTER AB Nontyphoidal salmonellae (NTS) are important causes of community-acquired bloodstream infection. We describe patterns of antimicrobial resistance among invasive NTS in the United States. We compared bloodstream NTS isolates with those from stool submitted to the National Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring System (NARMS) from 1996 to 2007. We describe antimicrobial resistance among invasive strains by serogroup and serotype. Of the 19,302 NTS isolates, 17,804 (92.2%) were from stool or blood. Of these, 1,050 (5.9%) were bloodstream isolates. The median ages (ranges) of patients with and without bacteremia were 36 (< 1 to 97) years and 20 (< 1 to 105) years, respectively (P < 0.001). Males (odds ratio [OR], 1.21; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.06 to 1.38) and those >= 65 years of age were at greater risk for invasive disease. Salmonella enterica serotypes Enteritidis, Typhimurium, and Heidelberg were the most common serotypes isolated from blood; S. enterica serotypes Dublin, Sandiego, and Schwarzengrund were associated with the greatest risk for bloodstream isolation. Of invasive isolates, 208 (19.8%) were resistant to ampicillin, 117 (11.1%) to chloramphenicol, and 26 (2.5%) to trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole; 28 (2.7%) isolates were resistant to nalidixic acid and 26 (2.5%) to ceftriaxone. Antimicrobial resistance to traditional agents is common. However, the occurrence of nalidixic acid and ceftriaxone resistance among invasive NTS is cause for clinical and public health vigilance. C1 [Crump, John A.; Medalla, Felicita M.; Joyce, Kevin W.; Krueger, L.; Hoekstra, R. Michael; Whichard, Jean M.; Barzilay, Ezra J.; NARMS Working Grp] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Crump, JA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Foodborne Waterborne & Environm Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, MS A-38,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM jcrump@cdc.gov FU U.S. Food and Drug Administration FX We thank the 50 state and three local departments and their public health laboratories that participate in the National Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring System. NARMS is a U.S. Food and Drug Administration-funded program and is a collaboration among the CDC, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration Center for Veterinary Medicine, and the Food Safety and Inspection and Agricultural Research Services of the U.S. Department of Agriculture. NR 38 TC 57 Z9 62 U1 1 U2 11 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0066-4804 J9 ANTIMICROB AGENTS CH JI Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. PD MAR PY 2011 VL 55 IS 3 BP 1148 EP 1154 DI 10.1128/AAC.01333-10 PG 7 WC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 726AD UT WOS:000287687100028 PM 21199924 ER PT J AU Bai, Y Calisher, CH Kosoy, MY Root, JJ Doty, JB AF Bai, Ying Calisher, Charles H. Kosoy, Michael Y. Root, J. Jeffrey Doty, Jeffrey B. TI Persistent Infection or Successive Reinfection of Deer Mice with Bartonella vinsonii subsp arupensis SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID BORRELIA-BURGDORFERI; HOST-SPECIFICITY; BABESIA-MICROTI; SOUTHERN CHINA; RODENTS; DIVERSITY; PREVALENCE; DYNAMICS; PATTERNS; PATIENT AB Bartonella infections are common in rodents. From 1994 to 2006, longitudinal studies of a rodent community, consisting mainly of deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus), were conducted in southwestern Colorado to study hantaviruses. Blood samples from deer mice captured one or more times during the period 2003 to 2006 (n = 737) were selected to study bartonellae in deer mice. Bartonellae were found to be widely distributed in that population, with an overall prevalence of 82.4% (607/737 mice). No correlation was found between bartonella prevalence and deer mouse weight or sex. Persistent or successive infections with bartonellae were observed in deer mice captured repeatedly, with a prevalence of 83.9% (297/354), and the infection appeared to last for more than 1 year in some of them. Persistent infection with bartonellae may explain the high prevalence of these bacteria in deer mice at this site and, perhaps, elsewhere. Genetic analysis demonstrated that deer mouse-borne bartonella isolates at this site belong to the same species, B. vinsonii subsp. arupensis, demonstrating a specific relationship between B. vinsonii subsp. arupensis and deer mice. C1 [Bai, Ying; Kosoy, Michael Y.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Dis, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Calisher, Charles H.; Root, J. Jeffrey; Doty, Jeffrey B.] Colorado State Univ, Arthropod Borne & Infect Dis Lab, Dept Microbiol Immunol & Pathol, Coll Vet Med & Biomed Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. RP Bai, Y (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Bacterial Dis Branch, Div Vector Borne Dis, 3150 Rampart Rd, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM YBai1@cdc.gov FU U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA [U50/ccu809862-03] FX Funding for a portion of this work was provided to Colorado State University by the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, under cooperative agreement U50/ccu809862-03. NR 35 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD MAR PY 2011 VL 77 IS 5 BP 1728 EP 1731 DI 10.1128/AEM.02203-10 PG 4 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 726DX UT WOS:000287700100024 PM 21239553 ER PT J AU Kristiansen, PA Diomande, F Wei, SC Ouedraogo, R Sangare, L Sanou, I Kandolo, D Kabore, P Clark, TA Ouedraogo, AS Absatou, KB Ouedraogo, CD Hassan-King, M Thomas, JD Hatcher, C Djingarey, M Messonnier, N Preziosi, MP LaForce, M Caugant, DA AF Kristiansen, Paul A. Diomande, Fabien Wei, Stanley C. Ouedraogo, Rasmata Sangare, Lassana Sanou, Idrissa Kandolo, Denis Kabore, Pascal Clark, Thomas A. Ouedraogo, Abdoul-Salam Absatou, Ki Ba Ouedraogo, Charles D. Hassan-King, Musa Thomas, Jennifer Dolan Hatcher, Cynthia Djingarey, Mamoudou Messonnier, Nancy Preziosi, Marie-Pierre LaForce, Marc Caugant, Dominique A. TI Baseline Meningococcal Carriage in Burkina Faso before the Introduction of a Meningococcal Serogroup A Conjugate Vaccine SO CLINICAL AND VACCINE IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID AFRICAN MENINGITIS BELT; NEISSERIA-MENINGITIDIS; IMMUNITY; IDENTIFICATION; OUTBREAK; EPIDEMIOLOGY; POPULATIONS; COMMUNITY; LESSONS; IMPACT AB The serogroup A meningococcal conjugate vaccine MenAfriVac has the potential to confer herd immunity by reducing carriage prevalence of epidemic strains. To better understand this phenomenon, we initiated a meningococcal carriage study to determine the baseline carriage rate and serogroup distribution before vaccine introduction in the 1- to 29-year old population in Burkina Faso, the group chosen for the first introduction of the vaccine. A multiple cross-sectional carriage study was conducted in one urban and two rural districts in Burkina Faso in 2009. Every 3 months, oropharyngeal samples were collected from >5,000 randomly selected individuals within a 4-week period. Isolation and identification of the meningococci from 20,326 samples were performed by national laboratories in Burkina Faso. Confirmation and further strain characterization, including genogrouping, multilocus sequence typing, and porA-fetA sequencing, were performed in Norway. The overall carriage prevalence for meningococci was 3.98%; the highest prevalence was among the 15- to 19-year-olds for males and among the 10- to 14-year-olds for females. Serogroup Y dominated (2.28%), followed by serogroups X (0.44%), A (0.39%), and W135 (0.34%). Carriage prevalence was the highest in the rural districts and in the dry season, but serogroup distribution also varied by district. A total of 29 sequence types (STs) and 51 porA-fetA combinations were identified. The dominant clone was serogroup Y, ST-4375, P1.5-1,2-2/F5-8, belonging to the ST-23 complex (47%). All serogroup A isolates were ST-2859 of the ST-5 complex with P1.20,9/F3-1. This study forms a solid basis for evaluating the impact of MenAfriVac introduction on serogroup A carriage. C1 [Caugant, Dominique A.] Norwegian Inst Publ Hlth, WHO Collaborating Ctr Reference & Res Meningococc, N-0403 Oslo, Norway. [Diomande, Fabien; Kandolo, Denis; Djingarey, Mamoudou] WHO Inter Country Support Team, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. [Diomande, Fabien; Wei, Stanley C.; Clark, Thomas A.; Thomas, Jennifer Dolan; Hatcher, Cynthia; Messonnier, Nancy] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Ouedraogo, Rasmata] Ctr Hosp Univ Pediat Charles de Gaulle, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. [Sangare, Lassana] Ctr Hosp Univ Yalgado, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. [Sanou, Idrissa; Ouedraogo, Abdoul-Salam] Ctr Hosp Univ Souro Sanou, Bobo Dioulasso, Burkina Faso. [Kandolo, Denis] WHO Multi Dis Surveillance Ctr, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. [Kabore, Pascal] Minist Hlth, Direct Lutte Malad, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. [Absatou, Ki Ba] Lab Natl Sante Publ, Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso. [Ouedraogo, Charles D.] Ctr Hosp Reg Kaya, Kaya, Burkina Faso. [Hassan-King, Musa; LaForce, Marc] Meningitis Vaccine Project, Ferney, France. [Preziosi, Marie-Pierre] WHO Initiat Vaccine Res, Geneva, Switzerland. [Caugant, Dominique A.] Univ Oslo, Fac Med, Oslo, Norway. RP Caugant, DA (reprint author), Norwegian Inst Publ Hlth, WHO Collaborating Ctr Reference & Res Meningococc, POB 4404, N-0403 Oslo, Norway. EM dominique.caugant@fhi.no FU Norwegian Research Council [185784] FX This project was supported by the Norwegian Research Council, grant no. 185784, to D.A.C. NR 43 TC 44 Z9 44 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 1556-6811 J9 CLIN VACCINE IMMUNOL JI Clin. Vaccine Immunol. PD MAR PY 2011 VL 18 IS 3 BP 435 EP 443 DI 10.1128/CVI.00479-10 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 729CH UT WOS:000287925100013 PM 21228139 ER PT J AU Zehnbauer, B AF Zehnbauer, Barbara TI Direct-to-Consumer Genetics Testing-Fair Comparisons? SO CLINICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Zehnbauer, B (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 12 Execut Pk NE, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM ikc8@cdc.gov NR 7 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ASSOC CLINICAL CHEMISTRY PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 L STREET NW, SUITE 202, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-1526 USA SN 0009-9147 J9 CLIN CHEM JI Clin. Chem. PD MAR PY 2011 VL 57 IS 3 BP 369 EP 371 DI 10.1373/clinchem.2010.160085 PG 3 WC Medical Laboratory Technology SC Medical Laboratory Technology GA 727ME UT WOS:000287803400005 PM 21228257 ER PT J AU van Deventer, HE Miller, WG Myers, GL Sakurabayashi, I Bachmann, LM Caudill, SP Dziekonski, A Edwards, S Kimberly, MM Korzun, WJ Leary, ET Nakajima, K Nakamura, M Shamburek, RD Vetrovec, GW Warnick, GR Remaley, AT AF van Deventer, Hendrick E. Miller, W. Greg Myers, Gary L. Sakurabayashi, Ikunosuke Bachmann, Lorin M. Caudill, Samuel P. Dziekonski, Andrzej Edwards, Selvin Kimberly, Mary M. Korzun, William J. Leary, Elizabeth T. Nakajima, Katsuyuki Nakamura, Masakazu Shamburek, Robert D. Vetrovec, George W. Warnick, G. Russell Remaley, Alan T. TI Non-HDL Cholesterol Shows Improved Accuracy for Cardiovascular Risk Score Classification Compared to Direct or Calculated LDL Cholesterol in a Dyslipidemic Population SO CLINICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN CHOLESTEROL; CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE; APOLIPOPROTEIN-A-I; VASCULAR-DISEASE; ARTERY DISEASE; LIPID MEASURES; PLASMA; EVENTS; WOMEN; STANDARDIZATION AB BACKGROUND: Our objective was to evaluate the accuracy of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk score classification by direct LDL cholesterol (dLDL-C), calculated LDL cholesterol (cLDL-C), and non-HDL cholesterol (non-HDL-C) compared to classification by reference measurement procedures (RMPs) performed at the CDC. METHODS: We examined 175 individuals, including 138 with CVD or conditions that may affect LDL-C measurement. dLDL-C measurements were performed using Denka, Kyowa, Sekisui, Serotec, Sysmex, UMA, and Wako reagents. cLDL-C was calculated by the Friedewald equation, using each manufacturer's direct HDL-C assay measurements, and total cholesterol and triglyceride measurements by Roche and Siemens (Advia) assays, respectively. RESULTS: For participants with triglycerides < 2.26 mmol/L (< 200 mg/dL), the overall misclassification rate for the CVD risk score ranged from 5% to 17% for cLDL-C methods and 8% to 26% for dLDL-C methods when compared to the RMP. Only Wako dLDL-C had fewer misclassifications than its corresponding cLDL-C method (8% vs 17%; P < 0.05). Non-HDL-C assays misclassified fewer patients than dLDL-C for 4 of 8 methods (P < 0.05). For participants with triglycerides >= 2.26 mmol/L (>= 200 mg/dL) and < 4.52 mmol/L (< 400 mg/dL), dLDL-C methods, in general, performed better than cLDL-C methods, and non-HDL-C methods showed better correspondence to the RMP for CVD risk score than either dLDL-C or cLDL-C methods. CONCLUSIONS: Except for hypertriglyceridemic individuals, 7 of 8 dLDL-C methods failed to show improved CVD risk score classification over the corresponding cLDL-C methods. Non-HDL-C showed overall the best concordance with the RMP for CVD risk score classification of both normal and hypertriglyceridemic individuals. (C) 2010 American Association for Clinical Chemistry C1 [Remaley, Alan T.] NIH, Dept Lab Med, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Miller, W. Greg; Bachmann, Lorin M.; Dziekonski, Andrzej; Korzun, William J.; Vetrovec, George W.] Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Richmond, VA USA. [Myers, Gary L.; Caudill, Samuel P.; Edwards, Selvin; Kimberly, Mary M.] Ctr Dis Control Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Sakurabayashi, Ikunosuke] Jichi Med Univ, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan. [Leary, Elizabeth T.] Pacific Biomarkers & Pacific Biometr Res Fdn, Seattle, WA USA. [Nakajima, Katsuyuki] Otsuka Pharmaceut Co Ltd, Tokyo, Japan. [Nakamura, Masakazu] Osaka Med Ctr Hlth Sci & Promot, Osaka, Japan. [Warnick, G. Russell] Hlth Diagnost Lab, Richmond, VA USA. RP Remaley, AT (reprint author), NIH, Dept Lab Med, Bldg 10,Room 2C-433,10 Ctr Dr,MSC 1508, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM aremaley1@cc.nih.gov FU Denka Seiken; Kyowa Medex; Sekisui Medical; Serotec; Sysmex International Reagents; UMA; Wako Pure Chemical Industries; Genzyme; Pointe Scientific; Pacific Biometrics Research Foundation; Warren Grant Magnuson Clinical Center; National Institutes of Health FX Research Funding: G. Miller, principal investigator for the project: Denka Seiken, Kyowa Medex, Sekisui Medical, Serotec, Sysmex International Reagents, UMA, and Wako Pure Chemical Industries donated reagents, calibrators, and controls and contributed financial support to Pacific Biometrics Research Foundation. Genzyme and Pointe Scientific contributed financial support to Pacific Biometrics Research Foundation. Pacific Biometrics Research Foundation provided a grant to Virginia Commonwealth University (funded by the financial contributions noted above). Roche Diagnostics donated reagents, calibrators, controls, and a Hitachi 917 instrument. H. E. van Deventer, Warren Grant Magnuson Clinical Center, Intramural Research Program of the National Institutes of Health. A. T. Remaley, Warren Grant Magnuson Clinical Center, Intramural Research Program of the National Institutes of Health. NR 37 TC 31 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER ASSOC CLINICAL CHEMISTRY PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 L STREET NW, SUITE 202, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-1526 USA SN 0009-9147 J9 CLIN CHEM JI Clin. Chem. PD MAR PY 2011 VL 57 IS 3 BP 490 EP 501 DI 10.1373/clinchem.2010.154773 PG 12 WC Medical Laboratory Technology SC Medical Laboratory Technology GA 727ME UT WOS:000287803400022 PM 21228254 ER PT J AU Gibney, KB Fischer, M Prince, HE Kramer, LD George, KS Kosoy, OL Laven, JJ Staples, JE AF Gibney, Katherine B. Fischer, Marc Prince, Harry E. Kramer, Laura D. George, Kirsten St. Kosoy, Olga L. Laven, Janeen J. Staples, J. Erin TI Chikungunya Fever in the United States: A Fifteen Year Review of Cases SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Review ID VIRUS-INFECTION; TRAVELERS; OUTBREAK; INDIA; DIAGNOSIS; EPIDEMIC; DISEASE; REGION AB Background. Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) represents a threat to the United States, because humans amplify CHIKV and vectors that transmit CHIKV are present. Methods. We described the epidemiology of laboratory-confirmed chikungunya fever (CHIK) cases in the United States in 1995-2009 and compared states with CHIKV vectors with states with returning viremic CHIK cases. For 2006-2009, we evaluated reporting of CHIK cases to ArboNET, the arboviral surveillance system. Results. In 1995-2009, 109 CHIK cases were identified in the United States; all adult travelers. Sixty-two subjects (57%) had recently visited India, and 13 (12%) had CHIKV viremia. Of the 26 jurisdictions with CHIK cases, 22 (85%) reported the presence of CHIKV vectors. Twelve viremic travelers returned to 6 states with CHIKV vectors. Of the 106 cases identified in 2006-2009, only 27 (25%) were reported to ArboNET, with a median of 122 days (range, 44-273 days) between illness onset and reporting. Conclusions. No locally acquired CHIK cases were identified. However, several viremic travelers returned to states with CHIKV vectors and presented a risk for local transmission. Incomplete and delayed reporting made ArboNET less useful. To minimize the risk of CHIKV spread in the United States, healthcare providers and public health officials should be educated about recognition, diagnosis, and reporting of CHIK cases. C1 [Gibney, Katherine B.; Fischer, Marc; Kosoy, Olga L.; Laven, Janeen J.; Staples, J. Erin] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, CDC, Arboviral Dis Branch, Div Vector Borne Dis, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Gibney, Katherine B.] CDC, Epidem Intelligence Serv Program, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Prince, Harry E.] Focus Diagnost, Cypress, CA USA. [Kramer, Laura D.; George, Kirsten St.] New York State Dept Hlth, Wadsworth Ctr, Albany, NY USA. RP Fischer, M (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, CDC, Arboviral Dis Branch, Div Vector Borne Dis, 3150 Rampart Rd, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM mfischer@cdc.gov OI Gibney, Katherine/0000-0001-5851-5339 NR 30 TC 59 Z9 60 U1 0 U2 12 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD MAR 1 PY 2011 VL 52 IS 5 BP E121 EP E126 DI 10.1093/cid/ciq214 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 716RR UT WOS:000286991700002 PM 21242326 ER PT J AU Goncharov, A Pavuk, M Foushee, HR Carpenter, DO AF Goncharov, Alexey Pavuk, Marian Foushee, Herman R. Carpenter, David O. CA Anniston Environm Hlth Res Consort TI Blood Pressure in Relation to Concentrations of PCB Congeners and Chlorinated Pesticides SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Article DE Ah receptor; Anniston; Alabama; body mass index; hypertension; linear regression ID POLYCHLORINATED BIPHENYL LEVELS; PERSISTENT ORGANIC POLLUTANTS; NUTRITION EXAMINATION SURVEY; AMERICAN-HEART-ASSOCIATION; SCIENTIFIC STATEMENT; NATIONAL-HEALTH; HYPERTENSION; EXPOSURE; POPULATION; ADJUSTMENT AB BACKGROUND: Residents of Anniston, Alabama, live near a Monsanto plant that manufactured polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) from 1929 to 1971 and are relatively heavily exposed. OBJECTIVES: The goal of this study was to determine the relationship, if any, between blood pressure and levels of total serum PCBs, several PCB groups with common actions or structure, 35 individual PCB congeners, and nine chlorinated pesticides. METHODS: Linear regression analysis was used to determine the relationships between blood pressure and serum levels of the various contaminants after adjustment for age, body mass index, sex, race, smoking, and exercise in 394 Anniston residents who were not taking antihypertensive medication. RESULTS: Other than age, total serum PCB concentration was the strongest determinant of blood pressure of the covariates studied. We found the strongest associations for those PCB congeners that had multiple ortho chlorines. We found the associations over the full range of blood pressure as well as in those subjects whose blood pressure was in the normal range. The chlorinated pesticides showed no consistent relationship to blood pressure. CONCLUSIONS: In this cross-sectional study, serum concentrations of PCBs, especially those congeners with multiple ortho chlorines, were strongly associated with both systolic and diastolic blood pressure. C1 [Goncharov, Alexey; Carpenter, David O.] SUNY Albany, Inst Hlth & Environm, Rensselaer, NY 12144 USA. [Goncharov, Alexey; Carpenter, David O.] SUNY Albany, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Sch Publ Hlth, Rensselaer, NY 12144 USA. [Pavuk, Marian] Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registry, Atlanta, GA USA. [Foushee, Herman R.] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Survey Res Unit, Birmingham, AL USA. RP Carpenter, DO (reprint author), SUNY Albany, Inst Hlth & Environm, Rensselaer, NY 12144 USA. EM carpent@uamail.albany.edu FU Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry [5U50TS473215]; Institute for Health and the Environment of the University at Albany FX This work was supported by Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry grant 5U50TS473215 to Jacksonville State University and by the Institute for Health and the Environment of the University at Albany. NR 36 TC 60 Z9 62 U1 1 U2 20 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD MAR PY 2011 VL 119 IS 3 BP 319 EP 325 DI 10.1289/ehp.1002830 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 729CU UT WOS:000287926700019 PM 21362590 ER PT J AU Sugimoto, JD Borse, NN Ta, ML Stockman, LJ Fischer, GE Yang, Y Halloran, ME Longini, IM Duchin, JS AF Sugimoto, Jonathan D. Borse, Nagesh N. Ta, Myduc L. Stockman, Lauren J. Fischer, Gayle E. Yang, Yang Halloran, M. Elizabeth Longini, Ira M., Jr. Duchin, Jeffrey S. TI The Effect of Age on Transmission of 2009 Pandemic Influenza A (H1N1) in a Camp and Associated Households SO EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID NEW-YORK-CITY; VIRUS-INFECTIONS; SCHOOL; COMMUNITY; TECUMSEH; OUTBREAK; ILLNESS; DISEASE; DESIGN AB Background: A major portion of influenza disease burden during the 2009 pandemic was observed among young people. Methods: We examined the effect of age on the transmission of influenza-like illness associated with the 2009 pandemic influenza A (H1N1) virus (pH1N1) for an April-May 2009 outbreak among youth-camp participants and household contacts in Washington State. Results: An influenza-like illness attack rate of 51% was found among 96 camp participants. We observed a cabin secondary attack rate of 42% (95% confidence interval = 21%-66%) and a camp local reproductive number of 2.7 (1.7-4.1) for influenza-like illness among children (less than 18 years old). Among the 136 contacts in the 41 households with an influenza-like illness index case who attended the camp, the influenza-like illness secondary attack rate was 11% for children (5%-21%) and 4% for adults (2%-8%). The odds ratio for influenza-like illness among children versus adults was 3.1 (1.3-7.3). Conclusions: The strong age effect, combined with the low number of susceptible children per household (1.2), plausibly explains the lower-than-expected household secondary attack rate for influenza-like illness, illustrating the importance of other venues where children congregate for sustaining community transmission. Quantifying the effects of age on pH1N1 transmission is important for informing effective intervention strategies. C1 [Sugimoto, Jonathan D.; Yang, Yang; Halloran, M. Elizabeth; Longini, Ira M., Jr.] Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr, Ctr Stat & Quantitat Infect Dis, Vaccine & Infect Dis Inst, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. [Sugimoto, Jonathan D.] Univ Washington, Dept Epidemiol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Borse, Nagesh N.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Workforce & Career Dev, Atlanta, GA USA. [Borse, Nagesh N.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Div Unintent Injury Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Ta, Myduc L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Washington State Dept Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Stockman, Lauren J.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Div Viral Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Fischer, Gayle E.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Epidemiol Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Halloran, M. Elizabeth; Longini, Ira M., Jr.] Univ Washington, Dept Biostat, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Duchin, Jeffrey S.] Publ Hlth Seattle & King Cty, Communicable Dis Epidemiol & Immunizat Sect, Seattle, WA USA. [Duchin, Jeffrey S.] Univ Washington, Sch Med, Div Infect Dis, Seattle, WA USA. RP Longini, IM (reprint author), 1100 Fairview Ave N,M2-C200,POB 19024, Seattle, WA 98109 USA. EM longini@scharp.org FU National Institutes of Health: the National Institute of General Medical Sciences MIDAS [U01-GM070749]; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases [R01-AI32042]; Public Health-Seattle and King County; United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Washington State Department of Health FX Supported by the National Institutes of Health: the National Institute of General Medical Sciences MIDAS grant U01-GM070749 and the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases grant R01-AI32042 (to J.D.S., Y.Y., M. E. H., I.M.L.); Public Health-Seattle and King County (to J.S.D.); United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (to N.N.B., M.L.T., L.J.S., G.E.F.); Washington State Department of Health (to M.L.T.). NR 35 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1044-3983 J9 EPIDEMIOLOGY JI Epidemiology PD MAR PY 2011 VL 22 IS 2 BP 180 EP 187 DI 10.1097/EDE.0b013e3182060ca5 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 716LR UT WOS:000286970700008 PM 21233714 ER PT J AU Hein, MJ Schubauer-Berigan, MK Deddens, JA AF Hein, Misty J. Schubauer-Berigan, Mary K. Deddens, James A. TI Evaluating Bias From Birth-cohort Effects in the Age-based Cox Proportional Hazards Model SO EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID NESTED CASE-CONTROL; DOSE-RESPONSE ANALYSES; CANCER CASE-CONTROL; LUNG-CANCER; OCCUPATIONAL EPIDEMIOLOGY; EMPIRICAL-EVALUATION; WORKPLACE EXPOSURE; BERYLLIUM WORKERS; DESIGNS; SELECTION AB The nested case-control design is frequently used to evaluate exposures and health outcomes within the confines of a cohort study. When incidence-density sampling is used to identify controls, the resulting data can be analyzed using conditional logistic regression (equivalent to stratified Cox proportional hazards regression). In these studies, exposure lagging is often used to account for disease latency. In light of recent criticism of incidence-density sampling, we used simulated occupational cohorts to evaluate age-based incidence-density sampling for lagged exposures in the presence of birth-cohort effects and associations among time-related variables. Effect estimates were unbiased when adjusted for birth cohort; however, unadjusted effect estimates were biased, particularly when age at hire and year of hire were correlated. When the analysis included an adjustment for birth cohort, the inclusion of lagged-out cases and controls (assigned a lagged exposure of zero) did not introduce bias. C1 [Hein, Misty J.] NIOSH, Industrywide Studies Branch, Div Surveillance Hazard Evaluat & Field Studies, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Deddens, James A.] Univ Cincinnati, Dept Math Sci, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. RP Hein, MJ (reprint author), NIOSH, Industrywide Studies Branch, Div Surveillance Hazard Evaluat & Field Studies, 4676 Columbia Pkwy,MS R-14, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM MHein@cdc.gov RI Schubauer-Berigan, Mary/B-3149-2009 OI Schubauer-Berigan, Mary/0000-0002-5175-924X NR 35 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1044-3983 J9 EPIDEMIOLOGY JI Epidemiology PD MAR PY 2011 VL 22 IS 2 BP 249 EP 256 DI 10.1097/EDE.0b013e3182093912 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 716LR UT WOS:000286970700017 PM 21233713 ER PT J AU van Bemmel, DM Li, Y McLean, J Chang, MH Dowling, NF Graubard, B Rajaraman, P AF van Bemmel, Dana M. Li, Yan McLean, Jody Chang, Man-huei Dowling, Nicole F. Graubard, Barry Rajaraman, Preetha TI Blood Lead Levels, ALAD Gene Polymorphisms, and Mortality SO EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID AMINOLEVULINIC-ACID DEHYDRATASE; ACUTE INTERMITTENT PORPHYRIA; UNITED-STATES; 5-AMINOLEVULINIC ACID; BRAIN-TUMORS; BONE LEAD; SUSCEPTIBILITY; WORKERS; RISK; ASSOCIATION AB Background: Previous analyses from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III) have found that elevated blood lead levels may be associated with cardiovascular mortality, cancer mortality, and all-cause mortality. The 5-aminole-vulinic acid dehydratase (ALAD) G177C genetic polymorphism (rs 1800435) affects lead toxicokinetics and may alter the adverse effects of lead exposure. We examined whether the ALAD G177C single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) affects the relationship between lead and mortality. Methods: We analyzed a subset of 3349 genotyped NHANES III participants at least 40 years of age. Using Cox proportional hazards regression, we estimated the relative risk of all-cause, cardiovascular disease, and cancer mortality by ALAD genotype, and by blood lead levels (<5 mu g/dL vs. >= 5 mu g/dL). We also tested whether the ALAD genotype modified the relationship between blood lead level and mortality. Results: The adjusted overall relative risk for participants with the variant ALAD(CG/CC) genotype was decreased for all-cause mortality (hazards ratio = 0.68; [95% confidence interval = 0.50-0.93]) compared with persons having the common GG genotype. There was some suggestion that higher lead levels were associated with cancer mortality (1.48 [0.92-2.38]). We observed no convincing interaction effect between ALAD genotype and blood lead level on mortality risk. Conclusion: The ALAD(CG/CC) genotype may be associated with decreased mortality from all causes and from cancer. This association does not seem to be affected by lead exposure. C1 [van Bemmel, Dana M.] NCI, Canc Prevent Fellowship Program, Ctr Canc Training, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. [van Bemmel, Dana M.; Li, Yan; Graubard, Barry; Rajaraman, Preetha] NCI, Div Canc Epidemiol & Genet, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. [Li, Yan] Univ Texas Arlington, Dept Math, Arlington, TX 76019 USA. [McLean, Jody] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Northrop Grumman Div Hlth & Nutr Examinat Survey, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. [Chang, Man-huei; Dowling, Nicole F.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Off Publ Hlth Genom, Atlanta, GA USA. RP van Bemmel, DM (reprint author), NCI, Canc Prevent Fellowship Program, Ctr Canc Training, 6120 Execut Blvd,Suite 150E, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. EM vanbemmeld@mail.nih.gov FU National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services FX Supported by intramural funds from the National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services. NR 51 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 7 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1044-3983 J9 EPIDEMIOLOGY JI Epidemiology PD MAR PY 2011 VL 22 IS 2 BP 273 EP 278 DI 10.1097/EDE.0b013e3182093f75 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 716LR UT WOS:000286970700020 PM 21293208 ER PT J AU Joseph, DA DeGroff, AS Hayes, NS Wong, FL Plescia, M AF Joseph, Djenaba A. DeGroff, Amy S. Hayes, Nikki S. Wong, Faye L. Plescia, Marcus TI The Colorectal Cancer Control Program: partnering to increase population level screening SO GASTROINTESTINAL ENDOSCOPY LA English DT Article ID GASTROINTESTINAL ENDOSCOPY; PREVENTIVE SERVICES; QUALITY INDICATORS; UNITED-STATES; ROUND-TABLE; TASK-FORCE; COLONOSCOPY; IMPACT; US; INTERVENTIONS C1 [Joseph, Djenaba A.; DeGroff, Amy S.; Hayes, Nikki S.; Wong, Faye L.; Plescia, Marcus] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Joseph, DA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Hwy,MS K-57, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. NR 45 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 2 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0016-5107 J9 GASTROINTEST ENDOSC JI Gastrointest. Endosc. PD MAR PY 2011 VL 73 IS 3 BP 429 EP 434 DI 10.1016/j.gie.2010.12.027 PG 6 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 728VU UT WOS:000287903400004 PM 21353839 ER PT J AU Klausner, JD Serenata, C O'Bra, H Mattson, CL Brown, JW Wilson, M Mbengashe, T Goldman, TM AF Klausner, Jeffrey D. Serenata, Celicia O'Bra, Heidi Mattson, Christine L. Brown, J. W. Wilson, Melinda Mbengashe, Thobile Goldman, Thurma M. TI Scale-Up and Continuation of Antiretroviral Therapy in South African Treatment Programs, 2005-2009 SO JAIDS-JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES LA English DT Article DE HIV; treatment; South Africa; adherence; scale-up AB Background: South Africa has the greatest burden of HIV-infection in the world with about 5.2 million HIV-infected adults. In 2003, the South African Government launched a comprehensive HIV and AIDS care treatment program supported by the United States in 2004 through the President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR). Methods: To describe the scale-up and continuation of antiretroviral therapy in South African Government and PEPFAR-supported sites in South Africa, we conducted a retrospective analysis of routinely collected program reporting data, 2005-2009. Results: From 2005 through 2009, the average rate of persons initiated on antiretroviral therapy in PEPFAR-supported South African Government treatment programs increased nearly four-fold from 6,327 a month in 2005-2006 to 24,622 a month in 2008-2009 resulting in an increase from 33,543 patients on continued treatment in April-June 2005 to 631,985 patients in July-September 2009. Of those 631,985 patients receiving treatment, 65% were women. Men were more likely to be lost to follow- up (9.2% vs. 7.8%, PR 1.18, 95% CI 1.17-1.19) and more likely to die (5.6% vs. 4.1%, PR 1.36, 95% CI 1.35-1.37) than women. Conclusions: Scale-up and continuation of antiretroviral therapy in South Africa has been a remarkable medical accomplishment. Because more women receive and continue treatment, more efforts are needed to treat and retain men. C1 [Klausner, Jeffrey D.; Serenata, Celicia; O'Bra, Heidi; Mattson, Christine L.; Goldman, Thurma M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global AIDS Program, Atlanta, GA USA. [Brown, J. W.; Wilson, Melinda] US Agcy Int Dev, Hlth Programs, Washington, DC 20523 USA. [Mbengashe, Thobile] Natl Dept Hlth Programs, Pretoria, South Africa. RP Klausner, JD (reprint author), 877 Pretorius Ave, ZA-0083 Pretoria, South Africa. EM klausnerj@sa.cdc.gov NR 16 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1525-4135 J9 JAIDS-J ACQ IMM DEF JI JAIDS PD MAR PY 2011 VL 56 IS 3 BP 292 EP 295 DI 10.1097/QAI.0b013e3182067d99 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 728HD UT WOS:000287864300027 PM 21317587 ER PT J AU Estill, CF Baron, PA Beard, JK Hein, MJ Larsen, LD Deye, GJ Rose, L Hodges, L AF Estill, Cheryl Fairfield Baron, Paul A. Beard, Jeremy K. Hein, Misty J. Larsen, Lloyd D. Deye, Gregory J. Rose, Laura Hodges, Lisa TI Comparison of Air Sampling Methods for Aerosolized Spores of B. anthracis Sterne SO JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE LA English DT Article DE aerosols; bioaerosols; emergency response; recovery efficiency; sampling methods ID BACILLUS-ANTHRACIS; NONPOROUS SURFACES; COLLECTION METHOD; MICROORGANISMS; RECOVERY; MODELS; SYSTEM; MAIL AB Bacillus anthracis Sterne spores were aerosolized within a chamber at concentrations ranging from 1 x 10(3) to 1.7 x 10(4) spores per cubic meter of air (particles (p)/m(3)) to compare three different sampling methods: Andersen samplers, gelatin filters, and polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) membrane filters. Three samples of each type were collected during each of 19 chamber runs. Chamber concentration was determined by an aerodynamic particle sizer (APS) for the size range of 1.114-1.596 mu m. Runs were categorized (low; medium, and high) based on tertiles of the APS estimated air concentrations. Measured air concentrations and recovery efficiency [ratio of the measured (colony forming units (CFU)/m(3)) to the APS estimated (particles/m(3)) air concentrations] for the sampling methods were compared using mixed-effects regression models. Limits of detection for each method were estimated based on estimated recovery efficiencies. Mean APS estimated air concentrations were 1600 particles/m(3), 4100 particles/m(3), and 9100 particles/m(3) at the low medium, and high tertiles, respectively; coefficient of variation (CV) ranged from 25 to 40%. Statistically significant differences were not observed among the three sampling methods. At the high and medium tertiles, estimated correlations of measured air concentration (CFU/m(3)) among samples collected from the same run of the same type were high (0.73 to 0.93). Among samples collected from the same run but of different types, correlations were moderate to high (0.45 to 0.85); however, correlations were somewhat lower at the low tertile (-0.31 to 0.75). Estimated mean recovery efficiencies ranged from 0.22 to 0.25 CFU/particle with total CVs of approximately 84 to 97%. Estimated detection limits ranged from 35 to 39 particles/m(3). These results will enable investigators to conduct environmental sampling, quantify contamination levels, and conduct risk assessments of B. anthracis. C1 [Estill, Cheryl Fairfield; Baron, Paul A.; Hein, Misty J.; Deye, Gregory J.] NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Beard, Jeremy K.; Larsen, Lloyd D.] Dugway Proving Ground, Dugway, UT USA. [Rose, Laura; Hodges, Lisa] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Hodges, Lisa] Tauri Grp, Alexandria, VA USA. RP Estill, CF (reprint author), NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, MS R-14,4676 Columbia Pkwy, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM CEstill@cdc.gov RI Robertson, Simon/D-1549-2012 NR 23 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 9 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1545-9624 J9 J OCCUP ENVIRON HYG JI J. Occup. Environ. Hyg. PD MAR PY 2011 VL 8 IS 3 BP 179 EP 186 DI 10.1080/15459624.2011.556981 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 731KX UT WOS:000288106600007 PM 21347959 ER PT J AU Weight, AK Haldar, J de Cienfuegos, LA Gubareva, LV Tumpey, TM Chen, JZ Klibanov, AM AF Weight, Alisha K. Haldar, Jayanta de Cienfuegos, Luis Alvarez Gubareva, Larisa V. Tumpey, Terrence M. Chen, Jianzhu Klibanov, Alexander M. TI Attaching Zanamivir to a Polymer Markedly Enhances Its Activity Against Drug-resistant Strains of Influenza a Virus SO JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Letter DE drug resistance; polymeric drugs; zanamivir; influenza A; poly-L-glutamine; plaque reduction assay; neuraminidase inhibition assay ID NEURAMINIDASE INHIBITORS; 4-GUANIDINO-NEU5AC2EN; OSELTAMIVIR; SUSCEPTIBILITY; SITE AB Effects of the commercial drug zanamivir (Relenza (TM)) covalently attached to poly-L-glutamine on the infectivity of influenza A viruses are examined using the plaque reduction assay and binding affinity to viral neuraminidase (NA). These multivalent drug conjugates exhibit (i) up to a 20,000-fold improvement in anti-influenza potency compared with the zanamivir parent against human and avian viral strains, including both wild-type and drug-resistant mutants, and (ii) superior neuraminidase (NA) inhibition constants, especially for the mutants. These findings provide a basis for exploring polymer-attached inhibitors as more efficacious therapeutics, particularly against drug-resistant influenza strains. (C) 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc. and the American Pharmacists Association J Pharm Sci 100:831-835, 2011 C1 [Chen, Jianzhu] MIT, Dept Biol, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Chen, Jianzhu] MIT, David H Koch Inst Integrat Canc Res, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Weight, Alisha K.; Haldar, Jayanta; de Cienfuegos, Luis Alvarez; Klibanov, Alexander M.] MIT, Dept Chem, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Gubareva, Larisa V.; Tumpey, Terrence M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Klibanov, Alexander M.] MIT, Dept Biol Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RP Chen, JZ (reprint author), MIT, Dept Biol, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. EM jchen@mit.edu; klibanov@mit.edu RI Alvarez de Cienfuegos, Luis/K-2391-2014 OI Alvarez de Cienfuegos, Luis/0000-0001-8910-4241 FU NIAID NIH HHS [U01 AI074443-05, U01 AI074443, U01-AI074443] NR 22 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 10 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0022-3549 J9 J PHARM SCI-US JI J. Pharm. Sci. PD MAR PY 2011 VL 100 IS 3 BP 831 EP 835 DI 10.1002/jps.22338 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Chemistry GA 729JZ UT WOS:000287947100006 PM 20740680 ER PT J AU Austin, H de Staercke, C Lally, C Bezemer, ID Rosendaal, FR Hooper, WC AF Austin, H. de Staercke, C. Lally, C. Bezemer, I. D. Rosendaal, F. R. Hooper, W. C. TI New gene variants associated with venous thrombosis: a replication study in White and Black Americans SO JOURNAL OF THROMBOSIS AND HAEMOSTASIS LA English DT Article DE Blacks; genetics; pulmonary embolism; thrombosis ID DEEP-VEIN THROMBOSIS; RISK AB Background: We evaluated 10 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) identified in three European case-control studies as risk factors for venous thrombosis. Objectives: We sought to replicate the positive findings from this report among Whites and to evaluate the association of these SNPs with venous thrombosis for the first time among Blacks. Patient/methods: These SNPs were evaluated in a case-control study of deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism that included 1076 cases and 1239 controls. About 50% of subjects were African Americans. We measured plasma factor (F) XI on a subset of subjects. Results: Among Whites, positive findings for rs13146272 in the CYP4V2 gene, for rs3087505 in the KLKB1 gene and for rs3756008 and rs2036914 in the F11 gene were found. We did not find significant associations for rs2227589 in the SERPINC1 gene and for rs1613662 in the GP6 gene. Among Blacks, rs2036914 in F11 and rs670659 in RGS7 were related to venous thrombosis, but the study had limited statistical power for many SNPs. Among Blacks, plasma FXI was related to two SNPs and the OR relating to the 90th percentile of the control distribution of plasma FXI was 2.6 (95% CI, 1.4, 5.0). Conclusions: Our study supports the finding that genetic variants in the F11 gene are risk factors for venous thrombosis among both Whites and Blacks, although the findings in Blacks require confirmation. A meta-analysis of five case-control studies indicates that rs2227589 in the SERPINC1 gene, rs13146272 in the CYP4V2 gene and rs1613662 in the GP6 gene are risk factors for venous thrombosis among Whites. C1 [Austin, H.; Lally, C.] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [de Staercke, C.; Hooper, W. C.] CDC, Div Blood Disorders, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Bezemer, I. D.; Rosendaal, F. R.] Leiden Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Thrombosis & Haemostasis, Dept Clin Epidemiol, Leiden, Netherlands. RP Austin, H (reprint author), 1518 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. EM haustin@emory.edu FU CDC through the Association of School of Public Health; CDC through the Association of School of CDC FX This work was supported by a grant from the CDC through the Associations of Schools of Public Health/CDC Cooperative Agreement mechanism and was carried out at Emory University. NR 12 TC 32 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1538-7933 J9 J THROMB HAEMOST JI J. Thromb. Haemost. PD MAR PY 2011 VL 9 IS 3 BP 489 EP 495 DI 10.1111/j.1538-7836.2011.04185.x PG 7 WC Hematology; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Hematology; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 728EX UT WOS:000287858200009 PM 21232005 ER PT J AU Gutman, J Slutsker, L AF Gutman, Julie Slutsker, Laurence TI Malaria control in pregnancy: still a long way to go SO LANCET INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Editorial Material ID INSECTICIDE-TREATED NETS; SULFADOXINE-PYRIMETHAMINE; COVERAGE; CHILDREN; ANEMIA; WOMEN C1 [Gutman, Julie] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Malaria Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Gutman, Julie] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pediat Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Gutman, Julie] Childrens Healthcare Atlanta, Atlanta, GA USA. [Slutsker, Laurence] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Gutman, J (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Malaria Branch, 4770 Buford Highway,Mail Stop F-12, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM gutmanjr@gmail.com FU NCATS NIH HHS [UL1 TR000454, KL2 TR000455]; NCRR NIH HHS [UL1 RR025008, KL2 RR025009] NR 16 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1473-3099 J9 LANCET INFECT DIS JI Lancet Infect. Dis. PD MAR PY 2011 VL 11 IS 3 BP 157 EP 159 DI 10.1016/S1473-3099(10)70311-X PG 3 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 729MI UT WOS:000287953600004 PM 21273131 ER PT J AU Omoloja, A Chand, D Greenbaum, L Wilson, A Bastian, V Ferris, M Bernert, J Stolfi, A Patel, H AF Omoloja, Abiodun Chand, Deepa Greenbaum, Larry Wilson, Amy Bastian, Veronica Ferris, Maria Bernert, John Stolfi, Adrienne Patel, Hiren TI Cigarette smoking and second-hand smoking exposure in adolescents with chronic kidney disease: a study from the Midwest Pediatric Nephrology Consortium SO NEPHROLOGY DIALYSIS TRANSPLANTATION LA English DT Article DE adolescents; cigarettes; CKD; second-hand smoking ID SECONDHAND SMOKE; PASSIVE SMOKING; UNITED-STATES; RENAL-TRANSPLANTATION; COTININE; ASSOCIATION; CHILDREN; URINE; YOUTH AB Background. Smoking and second-hand smoking [SHS] cause significant cardiovascular mortality and morbidity. In healthy individuals and adults with chronic kidney disease [CKD], cigarette smoking is associated with albuminuria, increased risk for CKD, increased graft loss and progression of renal insufficiency. In children, SHS has been associated with higher blood pressure variability, blood pressure load, elevated C-reactive protein and decreased cognitive function. Using a survey document and urine cotinine, we sought to investigate prevalence of cigarette use and SHS in adolescents with CKD. Methods. A cross-sectional study was conducted in which adolescents aged 13 to 18 years with CKD were asked to complete a single anonymous self-administered survey. In addition, a single freshly voided urine sample for cotinine measurement was obtained from eligible subjects. Results. Of 182 subjects, 60 (34%), 25 (14%) and 93 (52%) were transplant recipients, were dialysis dependent and had a glomerulopathy, respectively. Renal status was lacking in four. Twenty-four per cent (24%) had smoked at some point in their lives, and 13% had smoked within the last 30 days of taking the survey. Fifty-two per cent (52%) of all respondents reported living with an adult who smoked, and 54% reported having friends that smoked. Forty-seven per cent (47%) and 44% of those who had never smoked lived with an adult and had friends that smoked, respectively. There was a discrepancy rate of 7% between self-reported non-smokers and urine cotinine, suggesting smoking rates were higher. The highest cotinine/creatinine levels among the non-smokers were observed in those who lived with a smoker and had friends that smoked. Conclusion. Among adolescents with CKD, cigarette smoking and SHS exposure are prevalent and may be important variables to consider when evaluating renal and cardiovascular risk factors and outcomes in children with CKD. C1 [Omoloja, Abiodun; Stolfi, Adrienne] Wright State Univ, Dayton, OH 45435 USA. [Chand, Deepa] Childrens Hosp, Akron, OH 44308 USA. [Greenbaum, Larry] Emory Univ, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Greenbaum, Larry] Childrens Healthcare Atlanta, Atlanta, GA USA. [Wilson, Amy] JW Riley Hosp Children, Indianapolis, IN USA. [Bastian, Veronica] Childrens Hosp Michigan, Detroit, MI 48201 USA. [Ferris, Maria] Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Bernert, John] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Tobacco Exposure Biomarkers Sect, Div Sci Lab, Atlanta, GA USA. [Patel, Hiren] Nationwide Childrens Hosp, Columbus, OH USA. RP Omoloja, A (reprint author), Wright State Univ, Dayton, OH 45435 USA. EM Nephrology@childrensdayton.org RI Patel, Hiren/E-3835-2011 FU Department of Pediatrics, Wright State University Boonshoft School of Medicine, Dayton, OH USA FX The first author would like to acknowledge Arthur S. Pickoff, MD Chair, Department of Pediatrics, Wright State University Boonshoft School of Medicine; Russel S. Falck, MA, of the Dayton Area Drug Survey; Connie Sosnoff and James McGuffey of the Tobacco Exposure Biomarkers Section, Division of Laboratory Sciences, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA; and members of the MWPNC for their assistance in the conceptualization and execution of this study. The study was funded by a grant from the Department of Pediatrics, Wright State University Boonshoft School of Medicine, Dayton, OH USA. The study was presented in part as an abstract presentation at the Pediatric Academic Societies (PAS) Annual meeting in Baltimore in May 2009. The urinary cotinine findings were presented as an abstract at the 15th congress of the International Pediatric Nephrology Association (IPNA) held in August 2010 in New York USA. NR 29 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 4 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0931-0509 J9 NEPHROL DIAL TRANSPL JI Nephrol. Dial. Transplant. PD MAR PY 2011 VL 26 IS 3 BP 908 EP 913 DI 10.1093/ndt/gfq475 PG 7 WC Transplantation; Urology & Nephrology SC Transplantation; Urology & Nephrology GA 726SN UT WOS:000287746500022 PM 20685827 ER PT J AU Falkenberg, VR Gurbaxani, BM Unger, ER Rajeevan, MS AF Falkenberg, Virginia R. Gurbaxani, Brian M. Unger, Elizabeth R. Rajeevan, Mangalathu S. TI Functional Genomics of Serotonin Receptor 2A (HTR2A): Interaction of Polymorphism, Methylation, Expression and Disease Association SO NEUROMOLECULAR MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE Chronic fatigue syndrome; Serotonergic neurotransmission; Serotonin receptor 2A (HTR2A); Polymorphism; Gene expression; DNA methylation; Cortisol; Structural equation modeling ID CHRONIC-FATIGUE-SYNDROME; DNA METHYLATION; GENE; DEPRESSION; DISORDERS; PROMOTER AB Serotonergic neurotransmission plays a key role in the pathophysiology of neuropsychiatric illnesses. The functional significance of a promoter polymorphism, -1438G/A (rs6311), in one of the major genes of this system (serotonin receptor 2A, HTR2A) remains poorly understood in the context of epigenetic factors, transcription factors and endocrine influences. We used functional and structural equation modeling (SEM) approaches to assess the contributions of the polymorphism (rs6311), DNA methylation and clinical variables to HTR2A expression in chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) subjects from a population-based study. HTR2A was up-regulated in CFS through allele-specific expression modulated by transcription factors at critical sites in its promoter: an E47 binding site at position -1,438, (created by the A-allele of rs6311 polymorphism), a glucocorticoid receptor (GR) binding site encompassing a CpG at position -1,420, and Sp1 binding at CpG methylation site -1,224. Methylation at -1,420 was strongly correlated with methylation at -1,439, a CpG site that is dependent upon the G-allele of rs6311 at position -1,438. SEM revealed a strong negative interaction between E47 and GR binding (in conjunction with cortisol level) on HTR2A expression. This study suggests that the promoter polymorphism (rs6311) can affect both transcription factor binding and promoter methylation, and this along with an individual's stress response can impact the rate of HTR2A transcription in a genotype and methylation-dependent manner. This study can serve as an example for deciphering the molecular determinants of transcriptional regulation of major genes of medical importance by integrating functional genomics and SEM approaches. Confirmation in an independent study population is required. C1 [Falkenberg, Virginia R.; Gurbaxani, Brian M.; Unger, Elizabeth R.; Rajeevan, Mangalathu S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Rajeevan, MS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM mor4@cdc.gov OI Unger, Elizabeth/0000-0002-2925-5635 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC); National Center for Zoonotic; Vector-Borne Enteric Diseases; Division of Viral and Rickettsial Diseases FX Support for VR. Falkenberg was provided by the research participation program at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), National Center for Zoonotic, Vector-Borne Enteric Diseases, Division of Viral and Rickettsial Diseases, administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an interagency agreement between the US Department of Energy and the CDC. The authors acknowledge I. Dimulescu and MM. Khin for their laboratory support and WC Reeves for his support and encouragement with this research project. NR 28 TC 25 Z9 27 U1 1 U2 6 PU HUMANA PRESS INC PI TOTOWA PA 999 RIVERVIEW DRIVE SUITE 208, TOTOWA, NJ 07512 USA SN 1535-1084 J9 NEUROMOL MED JI Neuromol. Med. PD MAR PY 2011 VL 13 IS 1 BP 66 EP 76 DI 10.1007/s12017-010-8138-2 PG 11 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 726VB UT WOS:000287753400015 PM 20941551 ER PT J AU Alverson, CJ Strickland, MJ Gilboa, SM Correa, A AF Alverson, Clinton J. Strickland, Matthew J. Gilboa, Suzanne M. Correa, Adolfo TI Maternal Smoking and Congenital Heart Defects in the Baltimore-Washington Infant Study SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE maternal smoking; birth defects; heart defects; case-control study; epidemiology; odds ratio ID UNITED-STATES; OROFACIAL CLEFTS; BIRTH-DEFECTS; CIGARETTE-SMOKING; FOLATE LEVELS; NEURAL-TUBE; RISK; PREGNANCY; TRENDS; PREVALENCE AB OBJECTIVE: We investigated associations between maternal cigarette smoking during the first trimester and the risk of congenital heart defects (CHDs) among the infants. METHODS: The Baltimore-Washington Infant Study was the first population-based case-control study of CHDs conducted in the United States. Case and control infants were enrolled during the period 1981-1989. We excluded mothers with overt pregestational diabetes and case mothers whose infants had noncardiac anomalies (with the exception of atrioventricular septal defects with Down syndrome) from the analysis, which resulted in 2525 case and 3435 control infants. Self-reported first-trimester maternal cigarette consumption was ascertained via an in-person interview after delivery. Associations for 26 different groups of CHDs with maternal cigarette consumption were estimated by using logistic regression models. Odds ratios (ORs) corresponded to a 20-cigarette-per-day increase in consumption. RESULTS: We observed statistically significant positive associations between self-reported first-trimester maternal cigarette consumption and the risk of secundum-type atrial septal defects (OR: 1.36 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.04-1.78]), right ventricular outflow tract defects (OR: 1.32 [95% CI: 1.06-1.65]), pulmonary valve stenosis (OR: 1.35 [95% CI: 1.05-1.74]), truncus arteriosus (OR: 1.90 [95% CI: 1.04-3.45]), and levo-transposition of the great arteries (OR: 1.79 [95% CI: 1.04-3.10]). A suggestive association was observed for atrioventricular septal defects among infants without Down syndrome (OR: 1.50 [95% CI: 0.99-2.29]). CONCLUSIONS: These findings add to the existing body of evidence that implicates first-trimester maternal cigarette smoking as a modest risk factor for select CHD phenotypes. Pediatrics 2011;127:e647-e653 C1 [Alverson, Clinton J.; Strickland, Matthew J.; Gilboa, Suzanne M.; Correa, Adolfo] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Strickland, Matthew J.] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Alverson, CJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mail Stop E-86, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM cea7@cdc.gov NR 36 TC 49 Z9 51 U1 7 U2 10 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD MAR PY 2011 VL 127 IS 3 BP E647 EP E653 DI 10.1542/peds.2010-1399 PG 7 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 728AI UT WOS:000287845400014 PM 21357347 ER PT J AU Jackson, LA Yu, O Nelson, JC Dominguez, C Peterson, D Baxter, R Hambidge, SJ Naleway, AL Belongia, EA Nordin, JD Baggs, J AF Jackson, Lisa A. Yu, Onchee Nelson, Jennifer C. Dominguez, Clara Peterson, Do Baxter, Roger Hambidge, Simon J. Naleway, Allison L. Belongia, Edward A. Nordin, James D. Baggs, James CA Vaccine Safety Datalink Team TI Injection Site and Risk of Medically Attended Local Reactions to Acellular Pertussis Vaccine SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE diphtheria-tetanus-acellular pertussis vaccines; injections; intramuscular ID SAFETY DATALINK; NEEDLE LENGTH; DIPHTHERIA; TETANUS; CHILDREN; AGE; IMMUNOGENICITY; REACTOGENICITY; IMMUNIZATION; ADOLESCENTS AB OBJECTIVE: To assess whether the risk of medically attended local reactions to the fifth dose of the diphtheria and tetanus toxoids and acellular pertussis (DTaP) vaccine varies according to injection site (arm versus thigh). METHODS: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of children aged 4 through 6 years in the Vaccine Safety Datalink population who received a DTaP vaccination during the period from 2002 through 2006. Medically attended local reactions to the DTaP vaccine were presumptively identified from administrative data and were confirmed by medical record review. RESULTS: Among the 233 616 children in the study population, 1017 (0.4%) had a confirmed medically attended local reaction to the fifth dose of the DTaP vaccine. The rate of those reactions was significantly higher with vaccinations given in the arm (47.4 per 10 000 vaccinations) compared with vaccinations given in the thigh (32.1 per 10 000 vaccinations) (P < .001). In a multivariable analysis adjusted for age, gender, and study site, children vaccinated in the arm had a 78% higher risk of a local reaction (relative risk: 1.78 [95% confidence interval: 1.43-2.21]). CONCLUSIONS: Local reactions to the fifth dose of the DTaP vaccine that require medical evaluation are uncommon, but the risk of those reactions is significantly higher when the vaccine is injected in the arm. These findings suggest that the thigh should be considered as an acceptable site of injection for this vaccination. Pediatrics 2011;127: e581-e587 C1 [Jackson, Lisa A.; Yu, Onchee; Nelson, Jennifer C.; Dominguez, Clara; Peterson, Do] Grp Hlth Res Inst, Seattle, WA 98101 USA. [Nelson, Jennifer C.; Dominguez, Clara] Univ Washington, Dept Biostat, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Baxter, Roger] Kaiser Permanente Vaccine Study Ctr, Oakland, CA USA. [Hambidge, Simon J.] Kaiser Permanente Colorado, Inst Hlth Res, Denver, CO USA. [Hambidge, Simon J.] Denver Hlth Community Hlth Serv, Denver, CO USA. [Naleway, Allison L.] Kaiser Permanente NW, Portland, OR USA. [Belongia, Edward A.] Marshfield Clin Res Fdn, Epidemiol Res Ctr, Marshfield, WI USA. [Nordin, James D.] HealthPartners Res Fdn, Ctr Hlth Res, Minneapolis, MN USA. [Baggs, James] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunizat Safety Off, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Jackson, LA (reprint author), Grp Hlth Res Inst, 1730 Minor Ave,Suite 1600, Seattle, WA 98101 USA. EM jackson.l@ghc.org OI Naleway, Allison/0000-0001-5747-4643; Baggs, James/0000-0003-0757-4683 FU Sanofi Pasteur; GlaxoSmithKline; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention through America's Health Insurance Plans [200-2002-00732] FX Dr Jackson received research funding (unrelated to the DTaP vaccine) from Sanofi Pasteur and GlaxoSmithKline and served as a consultant to Sanofi Pasteur and GlaxoSmithKline on topics unrelated to DTaP vaccine; Dr Nelson served as a statistical consultant to GlaxoSmithKline; and Dr Baxter received research grants from Sanofi Pasteur. The other authors have indicated they have no financial relationships relevant to this article to disclose.; Financial support for this study was provided by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (contract 200-2002-00732) through America's Health Insurance Plans. NR 15 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD MAR PY 2011 VL 127 IS 3 BP E581 EP E587 DI 10.1542/peds.2010-1886 PG 7 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 728AI UT WOS:000287845400006 PM 21300679 ER PT J AU Soldan, K Berman, SM AF Soldan, Kate Berman, Stuart M. TI Danish health register study: a randomised trial with findings about the implementation of chlamydia screening, but not about its benefits SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS LA English DT Editorial Material ID PELVIC-INFLAMMATORY-DISEASE; TRACHOMATIS C1 [Soldan, Kate] Hlth Protect Agcy, London NW9 5EQ, England. [Berman, Stuart M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Soldan, K (reprint author), Hlth Protect Agcy, 61 Colindale Ave, London NW9 5EQ, England. EM kate.soldan@hpa.org.uk NR 7 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU B M J PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 1368-4973 J9 SEX TRANSM INFECT JI Sex. Transm. Infect. PD MAR PY 2011 VL 87 IS 2 BP 86 EP 87 DI 10.1136/sti.2010.048082 PG 2 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 723OL UT WOS:000287516500001 PM 21339315 ER PT J AU Howard, EJ Xu, FJ Taylor, SN Stoner, BP Mena, L Nsuami, MJ Powell, S Lillis, R Martin, DH AF Howard, Elizabeth J. Xu, Fujie Taylor, Stephanie N. Stoner, Bradley P. Mena, Leandro Nsuami, M. Jacques Powell, Suzanne Lillis, Rebecca Martin, David H. TI Screening methods for Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae infections in sexually transmitted infection clinics: what do patients prefer? SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS LA English DT Article ID COLLECTED VAGINAL SWABS; SPECIMENS; DIAGNOSIS; WOMEN; ACCEPTABILITY; SAMPLES AB Objectives To meet the need for services at sexually transmitted infection (STI) clinics, self-obtained vaginal (SOV) swabs or first-catch urine (FCU) samples collected at a clinic visit have been proposed as an alternative approach for Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) and Neisseria gonorrhoeae (GC) screening. The purpose of this clinic-based survey was to determine if non-invasive clinic-based SOV swabs and FCU samples for CT and GC screening are acceptable replacements for a traditional provider visit. Methods Patients seen at STI clinics in three US cities completed a self-administered survey of preferences for methods of CT and GC screening under hypothetical circumstances. Results A total of 2887 participants completed a self-administered questionnaire that contained multiple-choice questions about their preference. If there was a hypothetical long clinic wait, 58% of the survey participants preferred to wait to see a doctor. If the clinic had to turn patients away, 41% of patients preferred to come back the next business day and 46% preferred to self-collect a sample. The percentages were similar across site, demographic and clinical groups. Conclusions Clinic-based self-collected specimens for CT and GC screening were not preferred by most patients who participated in this survey. The findings indicate that more detailed information about self-collection practices must be provided for patients to adopt this new approach. C1 [Howard, Elizabeth J.; Taylor, Stephanie N.; Nsuami, M. Jacques; Lillis, Rebecca; Martin, David H.] Louisiana State Univ, Sch Med, Infect Dis Sect, Hlth Sci Ctr, New Orleans, LA USA. [Xu, Fujie; Powell, Suzanne] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Stoner, Bradley P.] Washington Univ, Dept Anthropol, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. [Stoner, Bradley P.] Washington Univ, Dept Internal Med, St Louis, MO USA. [Mena, Leandro] Univ Mississippi, Med Ctr, Mississippi State Dept Hlth, Crossrd Clin, Jackson, MS 39216 USA. RP Xu, FJ (reprint author), 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E-02, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM fax1@cdc.gov FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA FX This study was funded in part by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA. NR 10 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU B M J PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 1368-4973 J9 SEX TRANSM INFECT JI Sex. Transm. Infect. PD MAR PY 2011 VL 87 IS 2 BP 149 EP 151 DI 10.1136/sti.2010.045807 PG 3 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 723OL UT WOS:000287516500015 PM 21076139 ER PT J AU Thwing, JI Njau, JD Goodman, C Munkondya, J Kahigwa, E Bloland, PB Mkikima, S Mills, A Abdulla, S Kachur, SP AF Thwing, J. I. Njau, J. D. Goodman, C. Munkondya, J. Kahigwa, E. Bloland, P. B. Mkikima, S. Mills, A. Abdulla, S. Kachur, S. P. TI Drug dispensing practices during implementation of artemisinin-based combination therapy at health facilities in rural Tanzania, 2002-2005 SO TROPICAL MEDICINE & INTERNATIONAL HEALTH LA English DT Article DE malaria; case management; therapeutics; artemisinin-based combination therapy; Tanzania ID MALARIA; KENYA AB OBJECTIVE To assess the degree to which policy changes to artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs) as first-line treatment for uncomplicated malaria translate into effective ACT delivery. METHODS Prospective observational study of drug dispensing practices at baseline and during the 3 years following introduction of ACT with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) plus artesunate (AS) in Rufiji District, compared with two neighbouring districts where SP monotherapy remained the first-line treatment, was carried out. Demographic and dispensing data were collected from all patients at the dispensing units of selected facilities for 1 month per quarter, documenting a total of 271 953 patient encounters in the three districts. RESULTS In Rufiji, the proportion of patients who received a clinical diagnosis of malaria increased from 47.6% to 57.0%. A majority (75.9%) of these received SP + AS during the intervention period. Of patients who received SP + AS, 94.6% received the correct dose of both. Among patients in Rufiji who received SP, 14.2% received SP monotherapy, and among patients who received AS, 0.3% received AS monotherapy. CONCLUSIONS The uptake of SP + AS in Rufiji was rapid and sustained. Although some SP monotherapy occurred, AS monotherapy was rare, and most received the correct dose of both drugs. These results suggest that implementation of an artemisinin combination therapy, accompanied by training, job aids and assistance in stock management, can rapidly increase access to effective antimalarial treatment. C1 [Thwing, J. I.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Malaria Branch, Atlanta, GA 30339 USA. [Njau, J. D.; Munkondya, J.; Kahigwa, E.; Mkikima, S.; Abdulla, S.] Ifakara Hlth Inst, Ifakara, Tanzania. [Goodman, C.; Mills, A.] Univ London London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, London, England. RP Thwing, JI (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Malaria Branch, 4770 Buford Highway,MS F-22, Atlanta, GA 30339 USA. EM jthwing@cdc.gov OI Mills, Anne/0000-0001-9863-9950 NR 14 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1360-2276 EI 1365-3156 J9 TROP MED INT HEALTH JI Trop. Med. Int. Health PD MAR PY 2011 VL 16 IS 3 BP 272 EP 279 DI 10.1111/j.1365-3156.2010.02724.x PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 727TC UT WOS:000287823500003 PM 21226795 ER PT J AU Steenland, K Goodman, M Liff, J Diiorio, C Butler, S Roberts, P Smith, JL Ekwueme, D Hall, IJ AF Steenland, Kyle Goodman, Michael Liff, Jonathan Diiorio, Colleen Butler, Susan Roberts, Phil Smith, Judith L. Ekwueme, Donatus Hall, Ingrid J. TI The Effect of Race and Rural Residence on Prostate Cancer Treatment Choice Among Men in Georgia SO UROLOGY LA English DT Article ID QUALITY-OF-LIFE; SOCIOECONOMIC VARIATION; DECISION-MAKING; CARCINOMA; OUTCOMES; IMPACT AB OBJECTIVE To analyze differences for prostate cancer by race and in rural areas. METHODS We studied 516 men younger than 75 years old with incident prostate cancer during 2005-08 in 33 counties in Southwest Georgia (SWGA), a rural area of 700,000 (40% African American). Treatment data were abstracted from medical records, and interviews conducted with 314 men. We also compared treatments in SWGA vs. Atlanta in 2005. RESULTS External radiation plus brachytherapy was the most common treatment in SWGA (31%), followed by external radiation alone (27%), and surgery (18%). Patients in SWGA had higher odds of external radiation vs. surgery than men in Atlanta (OR 2.66, 95% CI 1.85-3.81). African Americans had higher odds of choosing treatment other than surgery, compared with whites (OR 2.04, 95% CI 1.57-2.63), more so in SWGA (OR 3.51, 95% CI 1.92-6.41) than Atlanta (OR 1.76, 95% CI 1.32-2.35) (P = .05). Poor communication with their physician was reported by 13% of men in SWGA, more among African Americans than whites (OR 3.95, 95% CI 1.52-10.30), and more among those who had no treatment vs. some treatment (OR 5.77, 95% CI 1.88-11.46). CONCLUSIONS In both rural and urban Georgia, white men with prostate cancer had surgery more frequently than African Americans, although data suggest this may be caused more by income differences than race. Rural patients as opposed to urban patients were more likely to receive external radiation and less likely to receive brachytherapy alone or surgery. Poor communication with a physician, particularly prevalent among African Americans, was associated with choosing no treatment in SWGA. UROLOGY 77: 581-587, 2011. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. C1 [Steenland, Kyle] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. Phoebe Putney Hosp, Albany, GA USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Steenland, K (reprint author), Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, 1518 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. EM nsteenl@emory.edu FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [SIP 25-04 (grant 3 U48 DP000043-01S1)] FX This publication was supported by Cooperative Agreement. Number SIP 25-04 (grant 3 U48 DP000043-01S1) from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 21 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0090-4295 J9 UROLOGY JI Urology PD MAR PY 2011 VL 77 IS 3 BP 581 EP 587 DI 10.1016/j.urology.2010.10.020 PG 7 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 730BJ UT WOS:000288003600021 PM 21377006 ER PT J AU Elder, RW AF Elder, Randy W. CA Task Force Community Preventive TI Recommendations on the Effectiveness of Ignition Interlocks for Preventing Alcohol-Impaired Driving and Alcohol-Related Crashes SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Elder, Randy W.] CDC, Guide Community Prevent Serv, Epidemiol & Anal Prevent Off, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Elder, RW (reprint author), CDC, Guide Community Prevent Serv, Epidemiol & Anal Prevent Off, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mailstop E-69, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM rfe3@cdc.gov NR 5 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 EI 1873-2607 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD MAR PY 2011 VL 40 IS 3 BP 377 EP 377 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2010.11.013 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 722PB UT WOS:000287445700018 ER PT J AU Murithi, RM Munyua, P Ithondeka, PM Macharia, JM Hightower, A Luman, ET Breiman, RF Njenga, MK AF Murithi, R. M. Munyua, P. Ithondeka, P. M. Macharia, J. M. Hightower, A. Luman, E. T. Breiman, R. F. Njenga, M. Kariuki TI Rift Valley fever in Kenya: history of epizootics and identification of vulnerable districts SO EPIDEMIOLOGY AND INFECTION LA English DT Article DE Epidemiology; inter-epizootic period; Rift Valley fever ID SAUDI-ARABIA; VIRUS; OUTBREAK; AFRICA AB Since Kenya first reported Rift Valley fever (RVF)-like disease in livestock in 1912, the country has reported the most frequent epizootics of RVF disease. To determine the pattern of disease spread across the country after its introduction in 1912, and to identify regions vulnerable to the periodic epizootics, annual livestock disease records at the Department of Veterinary Services from 1910 to 2007 were analysed in order to document the number and location of RVF-infected livestock herds. A total of 38/69 (55%) administrative districts in the country had reported RVF epizootics by the end of 2007. During the 1912-1950 period, the disease was confined to a district in Rift Valley province that is prone to flooding and where livestock were raised in proximity with wildlife. Between 1951 and 2007, 11 national RVF epizootics were recorded with an average inter-epizootic period of 3.6 years (range 1-7 years); in addition, all epizootics occurred in years when the average annual rainfall increased by more than 50% in the affected districts. Whereas the first two national epizootics in 1951 and 1955 were confined to eight districts in the Rift Valley province, there was a sustained epizootic between 1961 and 1964 that spread the virus to over 30% of the districts across six out of eight provinces. The Western and Nyanza provinces, located on the southwestern region of the country, had never reported RVF infections by 2007. The probability of a district being involved in a national epizootic was fivefold higher (62%) in districts that had previously reported disease compared to districts that had no prior disease activity (11%). These findings suggests that once introduced into certain permissive ecologies, the RVF virus becomes enzootic, making the region vulnerable to periodic epizootics that were probably precipitated by amplification of resident virus associated with heavy rainfall and flooding. C1 [Hightower, A.; Breiman, R. F.; Njenga, M. Kariuki] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent Kenya, Global Dis Detect Div, Nairobi, Kenya. [Luman, E. T.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global Immunizat Div, Atlanta, GA USA. [Murithi, R. M.; Munyua, P.; Ithondeka, P. M.; Macharia, J. M.] Kenya Minist Livestock Dev, Kabete, Kenya. RP Njenga, MK (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent Kenya, Unit 8900, DPO, AE 09831 USA. EM knjenga@ke.cdc.gov NR 27 TC 26 Z9 27 U1 1 U2 7 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0950-2688 J9 EPIDEMIOL INFECT JI Epidemiol. Infect. PD MAR PY 2011 VL 139 IS 3 BP 372 EP 380 DI 10.1017/S0950268810001020 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 724YO UT WOS:000287612600006 PM 20478084 ER PT J AU Como-Sabetti, KJ Harriman, KH Fridkin, SK Jawahir, SL Lynfield, R AF Como-Sabetti, K. J. Harriman, K. H. Fridkin, S. K. Jawahir, S. L. Lynfield, R. TI Risk factors for community-associated Staphylococcus aureus infections: results from parallel studies including methicillin-resistant and methicillin-sensitive S. aureus compared to uninfected controls SO EPIDEMIOLOGY AND INFECTION LA English DT Article DE Case-control study; community-associated MRSA; infection; S. aureus ID PANTON-VALENTINE LEUKOCIDIN; FIELD GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS; SOFT-TISSUE INFECTIONS; STREPTOCOCCUS-PNEUMONIAE; SKIN INFECTIONS; CHILDREN; COLONIZATION; SURVEILLANCE; TRANSMISSION; EMERGENCE AB Despite the increasing burden of community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) infections, the risk factors are not well understood. We conducted a hypothesis-generating study using three parallel case-control studies to identify risk factors for CA-M RSA and community-associated methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (CA-MSSA) infections. In the multivariate model, antimicrobial use in the 1-6 months prior to culture was associated with CA-MRSA infection compared to CA-MSSA [adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 17, P=0.07] cases. Antimicrobial use 1-6 months prior to culture (aOR 1.8, P=0.04), history of boils (aOR 1.6, P=0.03), and having a household member who was a smoker (aOR 1.3, P=0.05) were associated with CA-M RSA compared to uninfected community controls. The finding of an increased risk of CA-M RSA infection associated with prior antimicrobial use highlights the importance of careful antimicrobial stewardship. C1 [Como-Sabetti, K. J.; Harriman, K. H.; Lynfield, R.] Minnesota Dept Hlth, Infect Dis Epidemiol Prevent & Control Sect, St Paul, MN 55164 USA. [Fridkin, S. K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. [Jawahir, S. L.] Minnesota Dept Hlth, Publ Hlth Lab, St Paul, MN 55164 USA. RP Como-Sabetti, KJ (reprint author), Minnesota Dept Hlth, Infect Dis Epidemiol Prevent & Control Sect, Orville L Freeman Bldg,625 Robert St N,POB 64975, St Paul, MN 55164 USA. EM kathy.como-sabetti@state.mn.us FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [5 U01 CI000313-03] FX The study was supported by a cooperative agreement with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention as part of the Emerging Infections Program, Grant no. 5 U01 CI000313-03. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention/the Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry. NR 44 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 32 AVENUE OF THE AMERICAS, NEW YORK, NY 10013-2473 USA SN 0950-2688 J9 EPIDEMIOL INFECT JI Epidemiol. Infect. PD MAR PY 2011 VL 139 IS 3 BP 419 EP 429 DI 10.1017/S0950268810001111 PG 11 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 724YO UT WOS:000287612600012 PM 20513251 ER PT J AU McHugh, DMS Cameron, CA Abdenur, JE Abdulrahman, M Adair, O Al Nuaimi, SA Ahlman, H Allen, JJ Antonozzi, I Archer, S Au, S Auray-Blais, C Baker, M Bamforth, F Beckmann, K Pino, GB Berberich, SL Binard, R Boemer, F Bonham, J Breen, NN Bryant, SC Caggana, M Caldwell, SG Camilot, M Campbell, C Carducci, C Cariappa, R Carlisle, C Caruso, U Cassanello, M Castilla, AM Ramos, DEC Chakraborty, P Chandrasekar, R Ramos, AC Cheillan, D Chien, YH Childs, TA Chrastina, P Sica, YC de Juan, JAC Colandre, ME Espinoza, VC Corso, G Currier, R Cyr, D Czuczy, N D'Apolito, O Davis, T de Sain-Van der Velden, MG Pecellin, CD Di Gangi, IM Di Stefano, CM Dotsikas, Y Downing, M Downs, SM Dy, B Dymerski, M Rueda, I Elvers, B Eaton, R Eckerd, BM El Mougy, F Eroh, S Espada, M Evans, C Fawbush, S Fijolek, KF Fisher, L Franzson, L Frazier, DM Garcia, LRC Bermejo, MSGV Gavrilov, D Gerace, R Giordano, G Irazabal, YG Greed, LC Grier, R Grycki, E Gu, XF Gulamali-Majid, F Hagar, AF Han, LS Hannon, WH Haslip, C Hassan, FA He, MA Hietala, A Himstedt, L Hoffman, GL Hoffman, W Hoggatt, P Hopkins, PV Hougaard, DM Hughes, K Hunt, PR Hwu, WL Hynes, J Ibarra-Gonzalez, I Ingham, CA Ivanova, M Jacox, WB John, C Johnson, JP Jonsson, JJ Karg, E Kasper, D Klopper, B Katakouzinos, D Khneisser, I Knoll, D Kobayashi, H Koneski, R Kozich, V Kouapei, R Kohlmueller, D Kremensky, I la Marca, G Lavochkin, M Lee, SY Lehotay, DC Lemes, A Lepage, J Lesko, B Lewis, B Lim, C Linard, S Lindner, M Lloyd-Puryear, MA Lorey, F Loukas, YL Luedtke, J Maffitt, N Magee, JF Manning, A Manos, S Marie, S Hadachi, SM Marquardt, G Martin, SJ Matern, D Gibson, SKM Mayne, P McCallister, TD McCann, M McClure, J McGill, JJ McKeever, CD McNeilly, B Morrissey, MA Moutsatsou, P Mulcahy, EA Nikoloudis, D Norgaard-Pedersen, B Oglesbee, D Oltarzewski, M Ombrone, D Ojodu, J Papakonstantinou, V Reoyo, SP Park, HD Pasquali, M Pasquini, E Patel, P Pass, KA Peterson, C Pettersen, RD Pitt, JJ Poh, S Pollak, A Porter, C Poston, PA Price, RW Queijo, C Quesada, J Randell, E Ranieri, E Raymond, K Reddic, JE Reuben, A Ricciardi, C Rinaldo, P Rivera, JD Roberts, A Rocha, H Roche, G Greenberg, CR Mellado, JME Juan-Fita, MJ Ruiz, C Ruoppolo, M Rutledge, SL Ryu, EJ Saban, C Sahai, I Garcia-Blanco, MIS Santiago-Borrero, P Schenone, A Schoos, R Schweitzer, B Scott, P Seashore, MR Seeterlin, MA Sesser, DE Sevier, DW Shone, SM Sinclair, G Skrinska, VA Stanley, EL Strovel, ET Jones, ALS Sunny, S Takats, Z Tanyalcin, T Teofoli, F Thompson, JR Tomashitis, K Domingos, MT Torres, J Torres, R Tortorelli, S Turi, S Turner, K Tzanakos, N Valiente, AG Vallance, H Vela-Amieva, M Vilarinho, L von Dobeln, U Vincent, MF Vorster, BC Watson, MS Webster, D Weiss, S Wilcken, B Wiley, V Williams, SK Willis, SA Woontner, M Wright, K Yahyaoui, R Yamaguchi, S Yssel, M Zakowicz, WM AF McHugh, David M. S. Cameron, Cynthia A. Abdenur, Jose E. Abdulrahman, Mahera Adair, Ona Al Nuaimi, Shahira Ahmed Ahlman, Henrik Allen, Jennifer J. Antonozzi, Italo Archer, Shaina Au, Sylvia Auray-Blais, Christiane Baker, Mei Bamforth, Fiona Beckmann, Kinga Pino, Gessi Bentz Berberich, Stanton L. Binard, Robert Boemer, Francois Bonham, Jim Breen, Nancy N. Bryant, Sandra C. Caggana, Michele Caldwell, S. Graham Camilot, Marta Campbell, Carlene Carducci, Claudia Cariappa, Rohit Carlisle, Clover Caruso, Ubaldo Cassanello, Michela Miren Castilla, Ane Castineiras Ramos, Daisy E. Chakraborty, Pranesh Chandrasekar, Ram Ramos, Alfredo Chardon Cheillan, David Chien, Yin-Hsiu Childs, Thomas A. Chrastina, Petr Sica, Yuri Cleverthon Cocho de Juan, Jose Angel Elena Colandre, Maria Cornejo Espinoza, Veronica Corso, Gaetano Currier, Robert Cyr, Denis Czuczy, Noemi D'Apolito, Oceania Davis, Tim de Sain-Van der Velden, Monique G. Delgado Pecellin, Carmen Di Gangi, Iole Maria Di Stefano, Cristina Maria Dotsikas, Yannis Downing, Melanie Downs, Stephen M. Dy, Bonifacio Dymerski, Mark Rueda, Inmaculada Elvers, Bert Eaton, Roger Eckerd, Barbara M. El Mougy, Fatma Eroh, Sarah Espada, Mercedes Evans, Catherine Fawbush, Sandy Fijolek, Kristel F. Fisher, Lawrence Franzson, Leifur Frazier, Dianne M. Garcia, Luciana R. C. Garcia-Valdecasas Bermejo, Maria Sierra Gavrilov, Dimitar Gerace, Rosemarie Giordano, Giuseppe Irazabal, Yolanda Gonzalez Greed, Lawrence C. Grier, Robert Grycki, Elyse Gu, Xuefan Gulamali-Majid, Fizza Hagar, Arthur F. Han, Lianshu Hannon, W. Harry Haslip, Christa Hassan, Fayza Abdelhamid He, Miao Hietala, Amy Himstedt, Leslie Hoffman, Gary L. Hoffman, William Hoggatt, Philis Hopkins, Patrick V. Hougaard, David M. Hughes, Kerie Hunt, Patricia R. Hwu, Wuh-Liang Hynes, June Ibarra-Gonzalez, Isabel Ingham, Cindy A. Ivanova, Maria Jacox, Ward B. John, Catharine Johnson, John P. Jonsson, Jon J. Karg, Eszter Kasper, David Klopper, Brenda Katakouzinos, Dimitris Khneisser, Issam Knoll, Detlef Kobayashi, Hirinori Koneski, Ronald Kozich, Viktor Kouapei, Rasoul Kohlmueller, Dirk Kremensky, Ivo la Marca, Giancarlo Lavochkin, Marcia Lee, Soo-Youn Lehotay, Denis C. Lemes, Aida Lepage, Joyce Lesko, Barbara Lewis, Barry Lim, Carol Linard, Sharon Lindner, Martin Lloyd-Puryear, Michele A. Lorey, Fred Loukas, Yannis L. Luedtke, Julie Maffitt, Neil Magee, J. Fergall Manning, Adrienne Manos, Shawn Marie, Sandrine Hadachi, Sonia Marchezi Marquardt, Gregg Martin, Stephen J. Matern, Dietrich Gibson, Stephanie K. Mayfield Mayne, Philip McCallister, Tonya D. McCann, Mark McClure, Julie McGill, James J. McKeever, Christine D. McNeilly, Barbara Morrissey, Mark A. Moutsatsou, Paraskevi Mulcahy, Eleanor A. Nikoloudis, Dimitris Norgaard-Pedersen, Bent Oglesbee, Devin Oltarzewski, Mariusz Ombrone, Daniela Ojodu, Jelili Papakonstantinou, Vagelis Reoyo, Sherly Pardo Park, Hyung-Doo Pasquali, Marzia Pasquini, Elisabetta Patel, Pallavi Pass, Kenneth A. Peterson, Colleen Pettersen, Rolf D. Pitt, James J. Poh, Sherry Pollak, Arnold Porter, Cory Poston, Philip A. Price, Ricky W. Queijo, Cecilia Quesada, Jonessy Randell, Edward Ranieri, Enzo Raymond, Kimiyo Reddic, John E. Reuben, Alejandra Ricciardi, Charla Rinaldo, Piero Rivera, Jeff D. Roberts, Alicia Rocha, Hugo Roche, Geraldine Greenberg, Cheryl Rochman Egea Mellado, Jose Maria Jess Juan-Fita, Maria Ruiz, Consuelo Ruoppolo, Margherita Rutledge, S. Lane Ryu, Euijung Saban, Christine Sahai, Inderneel Salazar Garcia-Blanco, Maria Isabel Santiago-Borrero, Pedro Schenone, Andrea Schoos, Roland Schweitzer, Barb Scott, Patricia Seashore, Margretta R. Seeterlin, Mary A. Sesser, David E. Sevier, Darrin W. Shone, Scott M. Sinclair, Graham Skrinska, Victor A. Stanley, Eleanor L. Strovel, Erin T. Jones, April L. Studinski Sunny, Sherlykutty Takats, Zoltan Tanyalcin, Tijen Teofoli, Francesca Thompson, J. Robert Tomashitis, Kathy Domingos, Mouseline Torquado Torres, Jasmin Torres, Rosario Tortorelli, Silvia Turi, Sandor Turner, Kimberley Tzanakos, Nick Valiente, Alf G. Vallance, Hillary Vela-Amieva, Marcela Vilarinho, Laura von Doebeln, Ulrika Vincent, Marie-Francoise Vorster, B. Chris Watson, Michael S. Webster, Dianne Weiss, Sheila Wilcken, Bridget Wiley, Veronica Williams, Sharon K. Willis, Sharon A. Woontner, Michael Wright, Katherine Yahyaoui, Raquel Yamaguchi, Seiji Yssel, Melissa Zakowicz, Wendy M. TI Clinical validation of cutoff target ranges in newborn screening of metabolic disorders by tandem mass spectrometry: A worldwide collaborative project SO GENETICS IN MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE acylcarnitines; amino acids; inborn errors of metabolism; newborn screening; tandem mass spectrometry ID DRIED BLOOD SPOTS; TYROSINEMIA TYPE-I; COA DEHYDROGENASE-DEFICIENCY; SYRUP-URINE-DISEASE; FALSE-POSITIVE RATE; AMINO-ACIDS; HEPATORENAL TYROSINEMIA; METHYLMALONIC ACIDURIAS; 2ND-TIER TEST; SUCCINYLACETONE AB Purpose: To achieve clinical validation of cutoff values for newborn screening by tandem mass spectrometry through a worldwide collaborative effort. Methods: Cumulative percentiles of amino acids and acylcarnitines in dried blood spots of approximately 25-30 million normal newborns and 10,742 deidentified true positive cases are compared to assign clinical significance, which is achieved when the median of a disorder range is, and usually markedly outside, either the 99th or the 1st percentile of the normal population. The cutoff target ranges of analytes and ratios are then defined as the interval between selected percentiles of the two populations. When overlaps occur, adjustments are made to maximize sensitivity and specificity taking all available factors into consideration. Results: As of December 1, 2010, 130 sites in 45 countries have uploaded a total of 25,114 percentile data points, 565,232 analyte results of true positive cases with 64 conditions, and 5,341 cutoff values. The average rate of submission of true positive cases between December 1, 2008, and December 1, 2010, was 5.1 cases/day. This cumulative evidence generated 91 high and 23 low cutoff target ranges. The overall proportion of cutoff values within the respective target range was 42% (2,269/5,341). Conclusion: An unprecedented level of cooperation and collaboration has allowed the objective definition of cutoff target ranges for 114 markers to be applied to newborn screening of rare metabolic disorders. Genet Med 2011: 13(3): 230-254. C1 [Rinaldo, Piero] Mayo Clin, Coll Med, Dept Lab Med & Pathol, Biochem Genet Lab, Rochester, MN 55905 USA. [Cameron, Cynthia A.; Hughes, Kerie; Mayne, Philip; Roche, Geraldine] Michigan Publ Hlth Inst, Okemos, MI USA. [Abdenur, Jose E.] Childrens Hosp Orange Cty, Orange, CA 92668 USA. [Abdulrahman, Mahera; Al Nuaimi, Shahira Ahmed; McNeilly, Barbara] Dubai Genet Ctr, Dubai, U Arab Emirates. [Adair, Ona] Penn Dept Hlth, Exton, PA USA. [Ahlman, Henrik; von Doebeln, Ulrika] Karolinska Univ Sjukhuset Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden. [Allen, Jennifer J.; McCallister, Tonya D.] Oklahoma Dept Hlth, Oklahoma City, OK USA. [Antonozzi, Italo; Carducci, Claudia] Univ Roma La Sapienza, Rome, Italy. [Archer, Shaina; Bamforth, Fiona] Alberta Hlth Serv, Edmonton, AB, Canada. [Au, Sylvia] Hawaii Dept Hlth, Honolulu, HI USA. [Auray-Blais, Christiane; Cyr, Denis] Univ Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, PQ J1K 2R1, Canada. [Roberts, Alicia] Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin State Lab Hyg, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Berberich, Stanton L.] Univ Iowa, State Hygien Lab, Iowa City, IA USA. [Hoffman, Gary L.] Screeningzentrum Hessen, Giessen, Germany. [Binard, Robert; Woontner, Michael] Univ Colorado, Aurora, CO USA. [Boemer, Francois; Schoos, Roland] Ctr Hosp Univ Liege, Liege, Belgium. [Bonham, Jim; Downing, Melanie] Sheffield Childrens NHS Fdn Trust, Sheffield, S Yorkshire, England. [Breen, Nancy N.; Lesko, Barbara] Indiana Newborn Screening Lab, Indianapolis, IN USA. [Caggana, Michele; Morrissey, Mark A.; Sunny, Sherlykutty] New York State Dept Hlth, Albany, NY USA. [Caldwell, S. Graham; Reddic, John E.; Tomashitis, Kathy] S Carolina Dept Hlth & Environm Control, Columbia, SC 29201 USA. [Camilot, Marta; Teofoli, Francesca] Azienda Osped Univ Integrata Verona, Verona, Italy. [Campbell, Carlene; Hopkins, Patrick V.] Missouri Publ Hlth Lab, Jefferson City, MO USA. [Cariappa, Rohit] NeoGen Labs, Bangalore, Karnataka, India. [Carlisle, Clover; Scott, Patricia] Delaware Publ Hlth Lab, Delaware, OH USA. [Caruso, Ubaldo; Cassanello, Michela] G Gaslini Inst Children, Univ Dept Pediat, Genoa, Italy. [Miren Castilla, Ane; Espada, Mercedes] Basque Govt, Publ Hlth Dept, Bilbao, Spain. [Castineiras Ramos, Daisy E.; Cocho de Juan, Jose Angel] Hosp Clin Univ, Santiago De Compostela, Spain. [Chakraborty, Pranesh; Fisher, Lawrence] Childrens Hosp Eastern Ontario, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L1, Canada. [Chandrasekar, Ram; Linard, Sharon] Ohio Dept Hlth, Columbus, OH 43266 USA. [Ramos, Alfredo Chardon; Reoyo, Sherly Pardo; Santiago-Borrero, Pedro] Puerto Rico Newborn Screening Program, San Juan, PR USA. [Cheillan, David; Saban, Christine] Hosp Civils Lyon, Lyon, France. [Chien, Yin-Hsiu; Hwu, Wuh-Liang] Natl Taiwan Univ Hosp, Taipei, Taiwan. [Childs, Thomas A.; McKeever, Christine D.] Tennessee Dept Hlth Lab Serv, Nashville, TN USA. [Chrastina, Petr; Kozich, Viktor] Gen Univ Hosp Prague, Prague, Czech Republic. [Sica, Yuri Cleverthon; Domingos, Mouseline Torquado] Fundacao Ecumen Protecao Excepc, Curitiba, Parana, Brazil. [Elena Colandre, Maria; Schenone, Andrea] Fdn Estudio Enfermedades Neurometab, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Cornejo Espinoza, Veronica; Valiente, Alf G.] Univ Chile, INTA, Santiago, Chile. [Corso, Gaetano; D'Apolito, Oceania] Univ Foggia, Foggia, Italy. [Currier, Robert; Lorey, Fred] Calif Dept Publ Heath, Richmond, CA USA. [Czuczy, Noemi; McNeilly, Barbara; Takats, Zoltan] Semmelweis Univ, H-1085 Budapest, Hungary. [Davis, Tim; Hoffman, William; Weiss, Sheila] Washington State Dept Hlth, Shoreline, WA USA. [de Sain-Van der Velden, Monique G.] Univ Med Ctr, Utrecht, Netherlands. [Delgado Pecellin, Carmen; Garcia-Valdecasas Bermejo, Maria Sierra] Hosp Virgen del Rocio, Seville, Spain. [Di Gangi, Iole Maria; Giordano, Giuseppe] Univ Padua, Padua, Italy. [Di Stefano, Cristina Maria] Osped Umberto Nocera I Inferiore, Salerno, Italy. [Dotsikas, Yannis; Loukas, Yannis L.] Univ Athens, Sch Pharm, Athens, Greece. [Downs, Stephen M.] Indiana Univ, Sch Med, Indianapolis, IN USA. [Dy, Bonifacio; Torres, Jasmin] Florida Newborn Screening Program, Jacksonville, FL USA. [Dymerski, Mark; Porter, Cory] Colorado Dept Publ Hlth & Environm, Denver, CO USA. [Rueda, Inmaculada; Yahyaoui, Raquel] Carlos Haya Univ Hosp, Malaga, Spain. [Elvers, Bert] Natl Inst Publ Hlth & Environm, NL-3720 BA Bilthoven, Netherlands. [Eaton, Roger; Sahai, Inderneel] New England Newborn Screening Program, Boston, MA USA. [Eckerd, Barbara M.; Fijolek, Kristel F.] W Virginia Dept Hlth & Human Resources, S Charleston, WV USA. [El Mougy, Fatma; Hassan, Fayza Abdelhamid] Cairo Univ, Fac Med, Cairo, Egypt. [Eroh, Sarah; Himstedt, Leslie] Arkansas Dept Hlth, Little Rock, AR 72205 USA. [Evans, Catherine; Martin, Stephen J.] Publ Hlth Lab, Louisiana Off, Metairie, LA USA. [Fawbush, Sandy; Gibson, Stephanie K. Mayfield; Sevier, Darrin W.] Kentucky Dept Publ Hlth, Frankfort, KY USA. [Franzson, Leifur; Jonsson, Jon J.] Landspitali Univ Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland. [Frazier, Dianne M.; McClure, Julie] Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Garcia, Luciana R. C.; Hadachi, Sonia Marchezi] APAE, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Gerace, Rosemarie; Ranieri, Enzo] Womens & Childrens Hosp, Adelaide, SA, Australia. [Elvers, Bert; Salazar Garcia-Blanco, Maria Isabel] Univ Hosp Miguel Servet, Servet, Saragoza, Spain. [Greed, Lawrence C.; Lewis, Barry] Princess Margaret Hosp, Perth, WA, Australia. [Grier, Robert] Wayne State Univ, Sch Med, Detroit, MI USA. [Gu, Xuefan; Han, Lianshu] Jiao Tong Univ, Sch Med, Shanghai 200030, Peoples R China. [Gulamali-Majid, Fizza] Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, Baltimore, MD USA. [Hagar, Arthur F.] Georgia Dept, Human Resources Lab, Atlanta, GA USA. [Hannon, W. Harry] Ctr Dis Control, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Haslip, Christa] ARUP Labs, Salt Lake City, UT USA. [He, Miao] Emory Univ, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Hietala, Amy; McCann, Mark] Minnesota Dept Hlth, St Paul, MN USA. [Hoggatt, Philis] Mississippi Dept Hlth, Jackson, MS USA. [Hougaard, David M.; Norgaard-Pedersen, Bent] Statens Serum Inst, DK-2300 Copenhagen, Denmark. [Hunt, Patricia R.; Koneski, Ronald] Texas Dept State Hlth Serv, Austin, TX USA. [Hynes, June; Randell, Edward] Mem Univ Newfoundland, Fac Med, St John, NF, Canada. [Ibarra-Gonzalez, Isabel] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Invest Biomed, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. [Ingham, Cindy A.] Vermont Dept Hlth, Burlington, VT 05402 USA. [Ivanova, Maria; Kremensky, Ivo] Univ Hosp Obstet & Gynecol Maichin Dom, Sofia, Bulgaria. [John, Catharine; Poh, Sherry] Arizona Dept Hlth Serv, Phoenix, AZ 85007 USA. [Karg, Eszter; Turi, Sandor] Univ Szeged, Szeged, Hungary. [Johnson, John P.] Shodair Childrens Hosp, Helena, MT USA. [Kasper, David; Pollak, Arnold] Med Univ Vienna, Vienna, Austria. [Klopper, Brenda; Vorster, B. Chris] Northwest Univ, Potchefstroom, South Africa. [Katakouzinos, Dimitris; Papakonstantinou, Vagelis] Neolab SA, Athens, Greece. [Khneisser, Issam] St Joseph Univ, Beirut, Lebanon. [Knoll, Detlef; Webster, Dianne] Auckland Hosp, LabPlus, Auckland, New Zealand. [Kobayashi, Hirinori; Yamaguchi, Seiji] Shimane Univ, Sch Med, Matsue, Shimane, Japan. [Kouapei, Rasoul; Magee, J. Fergall] IWK Hlth Ctr, Halifax, NS, Canada. [Kohlmueller, Dirk; Lindner, Martin] Univ Childrens Hosp, Heidelberg, Germany. [la Marca, Giancarlo; Pasquini, Elisabetta] Meyer Childrens Hosp, Florence, Italy. [Lavochkin, Marcia] New Hampshire Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Concord, NH 03301 USA. [Lee, Soo-Youn; Park, Hyung-Doo] Sungkyunkwan Univ, Sch Med, Seoul, South Korea. [Lehotay, Denis C.; Lepage, Joyce] Univ Saskatchewan, Regina, SK, Canada. [Lemes, Aida; Queijo, Cecilia] Inst Seguridad Social, Montevideo, Uruguay. [Lim, Carol; Wilcken, Bridget; Wiley, Veronica] Childrens Hosp Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia. [Lloyd-Puryear, Michele A.] Hlth Resource Res Adm, Bethesda, MD USA. [Luedtke, Julie] Nebraska Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Lincoln, NE USA. [Manning, Adrienne] Connecticut Dept Publ Hlth & Addict Serv, Publ Hlth Lab, Hartford, CT 06106 USA. [Manos, Shawn; Peterson, Colleen] Kansas Hlth Environm Labs, Topeka, KS USA. [Marie, Sandrine; Vincent, Marie-Francoise] Catholic Univ Louvain, Clin Univ St Luc, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium. [Mayne, Philip; Roche, Geraldine] Childrens Univ Hosp, Dublin, Ireland. [McGill, James J.] Royal Childrens Hosp, Herston, Qld, Australia. [McNeilly, Barbara] State Rhode Isl Dept Hlth, Providence, RI USA. [Moutsatsou, Paraskevi] Univ Athens, Sch Med, GR-11527 Athens, Greece. [Mulcahy, Eleanor A.] Maine Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Augusta, ME USA. [Nikoloudis, Dimitris] Biomed SA, Athens, Greece. [Oltarzewski, Mariusz] Inst Mother & Child Hlth, Warsaw, Poland. [Ombrone, Daniela; Ruoppolo, Margherita] Univ Naples Federico II, CEINGE Biotecnol Avanzate, Naples, Italy. [Ojodu, Jelili] Assoc Publ Hlth Labs, Washington, DC USA. [Pasquali, Marzia] Univ Utah, Salt Lake City, UT USA. [Patel, Pallavi; Shone, Scott M.] New Jersey Dept Hlth & Senior Serv, Trenton, NJ USA. [Pass, Kenneth A.] Int Soc Newborn Screening, Glenmont, NY USA. [Pettersen, Rolf D.] Oslo Univ Hosp, Oslo, Norway. [Pitt, James J.; Tzanakos, Nick] Murdoch Childrens Res Inst, Melbourne, Vic, Australia. [Poston, Philip A.] Consolidated Lab Serv, Virginia Div, Richmond, VA USA. [Price, Ricky W.] Pathol Queensland, Herston, Qld, Australia. [Quesada, Jonessy; Reuben, Alejandra] Hosp Nacl Ninos Dr Carlos Saenz Herrera, San Jose, Costa Rica. [Ricciardi, Charla] Wyoming Dept Hlth, Cheyenne, WY USA. [Rivera, Jeff D.] AB Sciex, Concord, ON, Canada. [Roberts, Alicia; Rutledge, S. Lane] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, AL USA. [Rocha, Hugo; Vilarinho, Laura] Natl Inst Hlth Doutor Ricardo Jorge, Oporto, Portugal. [Greenberg, Cheryl Rochman; Thompson, J. Robert] Manitoba Hlth, Cadham Prov Lab, Winnipeg, MB, Canada. [Egea Mellado, Jose Maria; Jess Juan-Fita, Maria] Hosp Univ Virgen de la Arrixaca, El Palmar, Spain. [Ruiz, Consuelo; Torres, Rosario] Univ Autonoma Nuevo Leon, Monterrey, Mexico. [Schweitzer, Barb] N Dakota Dept Hlth, Bismarck, ND USA. [Seashore, Margretta R.] Yale Univ, Sch Med, New Haven, CT USA. [Seeterlin, Mary A.; Stanley, Eleanor L.] Michigan Dept Community Hlth, Lansing, MI USA. [Sesser, David E.; Willis, Sharon A.] Oregon State Publ Hlth Lab, Hillsboro, OR USA. [Sinclair, Graham; Vallance, Hillary] Childrens & Womens Hlth Ctr, Vancouver, BC, Canada. [Skrinska, Victor A.] Hamad Med Corp, Doha, Qatar. [Strovel, Erin T.] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [Tanyalcin, Tijen] Select Newborn Screening & Metab Unit, Tanyalcin Med Lab, Izmir, Turkey. [Turner, Kimberley] Univ Iowa, Childrens Hosp, Iowa City, IA USA. [Vela-Amieva, Marcela] Inst Nacl Pediat Secretaria Salud, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. [Watson, Michael S.] Amer Coll Med Genet, Bethesda, MD USA. [Williams, Sharon K.] Virginia Dept Hlth, Richmond, VA USA. [Wright, Katherine] Alder Hey Childrens NHS Fdn Trust, Liverpool, Merseyside, England. [Yssel, Melissa] Lancet Labs, Johannesburg, South Africa. RP Rinaldo, P (reprint author), Mayo Clin, Coll Med, Dept Lab Med & Pathol, Biochem Genet Lab, Hilton 530B,200 1st St SW, Rochester, MN 55905 USA. EM rinaldo@mayo.edu RI Kozich, Viktor/A-7672-2008; Yahyaoui, Raquel/A-4220-2012; Kasper, David/B-9054-2012; Karg, Eszter/G-9158-2011; Lee, Soo Youn/F-4614-2014; IBIS, NEUROINMUNO/O-9306-2015; Corso, Gaetano/H-9450-2013; OI Dotsikas, Yannis/0000-0003-0882-8286; Kozich, Viktor/0000-0001-5820-5277; Corso, Gaetano/0000-0003-4720-1320; Yahyaoui, Raquel/0000-0001-6789-1563; HWU, WUH-LIANG/0000-0001-6690-4879; Vela-Amieva, Marcela/0000-0001-8230-4611; El Mougy, fatma/0000-0002-1137-7079; Sinclair, Graham/0000-0002-3815-2005; la marca, giancarlo/0000-0003-3319-7260; CHIEN, YIN-HSIU/0000-0001-8802-5728; Currier, Robert/0000-0001-9168-5604; Ibarra-Gonzalez, Isabel/0000-0001-8693-8531; di gangi, iole maria/0000-0001-6192-5451 FU Health Resources and Service Administration (HRSA) of the Maternal and Child Health Bureau (MCHB) [U22MC03963]; Mayo Clinic College of Medicine FX This work was supported by a Grant (U22MC03963) to the Region 4 Genetics Collaborative from the Health Resources and Service Administration (HRSA) of the Maternal and Child Health Bureau (MCHB) Cooperative Agreement and by the T. Denny Sanford Professorship Fund, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine. Additional sites have contributed limited sets of data. The United States: Alaska, Illinois, and South Dakota; other countries: Japan, Malaysia, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Spain, Switzerland, and United Arab Emirates. NR 50 TC 101 Z9 105 U1 1 U2 33 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1098-3600 J9 GENET MED JI Genet. Med. PD MAR PY 2011 VL 13 IS 3 BP 230 EP 254 DI 10.1097/GIM.0b013e31820d5e67 PG 25 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 726CB UT WOS:000287694800013 PM 21325949 ER PT J AU Stebbins, S Stark, JH Prasad, R Thompson, WW Mitruka, K Rinaldo, C Vukotich, CJ Cummings, DAT AF Stebbins, Samuel Stark, James H. Prasad, Ramakrishna Thompson, William W. Mitruka, Kiren Rinaldo, Charles Vukotich, Charles J., Jr. Cummings, Derek A. T. TI Sensitivity and specificity of rapid influenza testing of children in a community setting SO INFLUENZA AND OTHER RESPIRATORY VIRUSES LA English DT Article ID DIAGNOSIS; INFECTIONS; PERFORMANCE; THAILAND AB Introduction Rapid influenza testing (RFT) allows for a rapid point-of-care diagnosis of influenza. The Quidel QuickVue (R) Influenza A+B test (QuickVue) has a reported manufacturer's sensitivity and specificity of 73% and 96%, respectively, with nasal swabs. However, investigators have shown sensitivities ranging from 22% to 77% in community settings. Methods The QuickVue rapid influenza test was evaluated in a population of elementary (K-5) school children, using testing in the home, as part of the Pittsburgh Influenza Prevention Project during the 2007-2008 influenza season. The QuickVue test was performed with nasal swab in full accordance with package instructions and compared with the results of nasal swab semi-quantitative RT-PCR. Results Sensitivity of the QuickVue was found to be 27% in this sample. There was no statistically valid correlation between the semi-quantitative PCR result and the QuickVue result. Conclusions This study is consistent with the low sensitivity of the QuickVue test also reported by others. Viral load, technique, and the use of nasal swabs were examined as contributing factors but were not found to be explanations for this result. Community testing includes patients who are on the lower spectrum of illness which would not be the case in hospital or clinic samples. This suggests that RFT is less sensitive for patients at the lower spectrum of illness, with less severe disease. C1 [Stebbins, Samuel; Vukotich, Charles J., Jr.] Univ Pittsburgh, Grad Sch Publ Hlth, Ctr Publ Hlth Practice, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. [Prasad, Ramakrishna] UPMC, Shadyside Hosp, Pittsburgh, PA USA. [Thompson, William W.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Hlth Related Qual Life Program, Atlanta, GA USA. [Mitruka, Kiren] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, Atlanta, GA USA. [Rinaldo, Charles] Univ Pittsburgh, Grad Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Infect Dis & Microbiol, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. [Cummings, Derek A. T.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Baltimore, MD USA. RP Stebbins, S (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Grad Sch Publ Hlth, Ctr Publ Hlth Practice, 130 DeSoto St,Room A733, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. EM stebbins@pitt.edu FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) [5UCI000435-02]; National Institute of General Medical Sciences Models of Infectious Disease Agent Study (MIDAS) [1U54GM088491-0109]; Burroughs Wellcome Fund FX This research was supported by Cooperative Agreement number 5UCI000435-02 from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). Its contents are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of CDC. Dr. Cummings was supported by a grant from National Institute of General Medical Sciences Models of Infectious Disease Agent Study (MIDAS) through grant 1U54GM088491-0109. Dr. Cummings holds a Career Award at the Scientific Interface from the Burroughs Wellcome Fund. NR 17 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1750-2640 J9 INFLUENZA OTHER RESP JI Influenza Other Respir. Viruses PD MAR PY 2011 VL 5 IS 2 BP 104 EP 109 DI 10.1111/j.1750-2659.2010.00171.x PG 6 WC Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Infectious Diseases; Virology GA 719HV UT WOS:000287196200006 PM 21306573 ER PT J AU Backer, LC Tosta, N AF Backer, Lorraine C. Tosta, Nancy TI DIRECT FROM CDC Unregulated Drinking Water Initiative for Environmental Surveillance and Public Health SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Backer, Lorraine C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Hlth Studies Branch, Div Environm Hazards & Hlth Effects, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Backer, LC (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Hlth Studies Branch, Div Environm Hazards & Hlth Effects, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, 4770 Buford Highway NE,MS F-57, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM lbacker@cdc.gov NR 7 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 3 PU NATL ENVIRON HEALTH ASSOC PI DENVER PA 720 S COLORADO BLVD SUITE 970, SOUTH TOWER, DENVER, CO 80246 USA SN 0022-0892 J9 J ENVIRON HEALTH JI J. Environ. Health PD MAR PY 2011 VL 73 IS 7 BP 31 EP 32 PG 2 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 725GL UT WOS:000287633100005 PM 21413560 ER PT J AU Banyai, K Mijatovic-Rustempasic, S Hull, JJ Esona, MD Freeman, MM Frace, AM Bowen, MD Gentsch, JR AF Banyai, K. Mijatovic-Rustempasic, S. Hull, J. J. Esona, M. D. Freeman, M. M. Frace, A. M. Bowen, M. D. Gentsch, J. R. TI Sequencing and Phylogenetic Analysis of the Coding Region of Six Common Rotavirus Strains: Evidence for Intragenogroup Reassortment Among Co-Circulating G1P[8] and G2P[4] Strains From the United States SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY LA English DT Article DE evolution; genome sequencing; Wa-like rotaviruses; DS-1-like rotaviruses; United States of America ID RNA-RNA HYBRIDIZATION; FULL GENOMIC ANALYSIS; GROUP-A ROTAVIRUS; MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION; DIFFERENT GENOGROUPS; GASTROENTERITIS; CHILDREN; SEROTYPE; PATTERN; CLASSIFICATION AB The segmented genome of rotaviruses provides an opportunity for rotavirus strains to generate a large genetic diversity through reassortment; however, this mechanism is considered to play little role in the generation of mosaic gene constellations between Wa-like and DS-1-like strains in genes other than the neutralization antigens. A pilot study was undertaken to analyze these two epidemiologically important strains at the genomic level in order to (i) identify intergenogroup reassortment and (ii) to make available additional reference genome sequences of G1P[8] and G2P[4] for future genomics analyses. The full or nearly complete coding region of all 11 genes for 3 G1P[8] (LB2719, LB2758, and LB2771) and 3 G2P[4] (LB2744, LB2764, and LB2772) strains isolated from children hospitalized with severe diarrhea in Long Beach, California, where these strains were circulating at comparable rates during 2005-2006 are described in this study. Based on the full-genome classification system, all G1P[8] strains had a conserved genomic constellation: G1-P[8]-I1-R1-C1-M1-A1-N1-T1-E1-E1-H1 and were mostly identical to the few Wa-like strains whose genome sequences have already been determined. Similarly, the genome sequences of the 3 G2P[4] strains were highly conserved: G2-P[4]-I2-R2-C2-M2-A2-N2-T2-E2-E2-H2 and displayed an overall lesser genetic divergence with reference DS-1-like strains. While intergenogroup reassortment was not seen between the G1P[8] and G2P(4] strains studied here, evidence for intragenogroup reassortment events was identified. Similar studies in the post-rotavirus genomic era will help uncover whether intergenogroup reassortment affecting the backbone genes could play a significant role in any potential vaccine breakthrough events by evading immunity of vaccinated children. J. Med. Virol. 33:532-539,2011. (C) 2011 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 [Gentsch, J. R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Banyai, K.] Hungarian Acad Sci, Vet Med Res Inst, H-1581 Budapest, Hungary. RP Gentsch, JR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM jgentsch@cdc.gov OI Banyai, Krisztian/0000-0002-6270-1772 FU Association of Public Health Laboratories FX At the time the study was launched, K.B. was an international fellow of the Emerging Infectious Diseases Fellowship Program awarded by the Association of Public Health Laboratories. NR 41 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PUBLISHING, INC PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0146-6615 J9 J MED VIROL JI J. Med. Virol. PD MAR PY 2011 VL 83 IS 3 BP 532 EP 539 DI 10.1002/jmv.21977 PG 8 WC Virology SC Virology GA 710TN UT WOS:000286540000021 PM 21264876 ER PT J AU Weaver, JB Weaver, SS Mays, D Hopkins, GL Kannenberg, W McBride, D AF Weaver, James B., III Weaver, Stephanie Sargent Mays, Darren Hopkins, Gary L. Kannenberg, Wendi McBride, Duane TI Mental- and Physical-Health Indicators and Sexually Explicit Media Use Behavior by Adults SO JOURNAL OF SEXUAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE Health-Risk Factors; Mental Health; Pornography; Sexually Explicit Materials; X-Rated; Sexual Attitudes ID ADOLESCENTS EXPOSURE; INTERNET MATERIAL; YOUNG-ADULTS; PORNOGRAPHY CONSUMPTION; RISK BEHAVIOR; PUBLIC-HEALTH; FILM INDUSTRY; SEX OBJECTS; LOS-ANGELES; ANAL SEX AB Introduction. Converging evidence from culturally diverse contexts indicates that sexually explicit media use behavior (SEMB; i.e., pornography consumption) is associated with risky sexual health perceptions and behaviors, many that involve high risks of HIV/STD transmission. Aim. Essentially unexplored, and the focus here, are potential relationships between SEMB and nonsexual mental- and physical-health indicators. Main Outcome Measures. Variability in six continuously measured health indicators (depressive symptoms, mental- and physical-health diminished days, health status, quality of life, and body mass index) was examined across two levels (users, nonusers) of SEMB. Methods. A sample of 559 Seattle-Tacoma Internet-using adults was surveyed in 2006. Multivariate general linear models parameterized in a SEMB by respondent gender (2 x 2) factorial design were computed incorporating adjustments for several demographics. Results. SEMB was reported by 36.7% (n = 205) of the sample. Most SEMB users (78%) were men. After adjusting for demographics, SEMB users, compared to nonusers, reported greater depressive symptoms, poorer quality of life, more mental- and physical-health diminished days, and lower health status. Conclusions. The findings show that mental- and physical-health indicators vary significantly across SEMB, suggesting the value of incorporating these factors in future research and programmatic endeavors. In particular, the findings suggest that evidence-based sexual health promotion strategies simultaneously addressing individuals' SEMB and their mental health needs might be a useful approach to improve mental health and address preventable sexual health outcomes associated with SEMB. Weaver JB, III, Weaver SS, Mays D, Hopkins GL, Kannenberg W, and McBride D. Mental- and physical-health indicators and sexually explicit media use behavior by adults. J Sex Med 2011;8:764-772. C1 [Weaver, James B., III; Weaver, Stephanie Sargent; Mays, Darren] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Hopkins, Gary L.; Kannenberg, Wendi; McBride, Duane] Andrews Univ, Ctr Media Impact Res, Inst Prevent Addict, Berrien Springs, MI 49104 USA. RP Weaver, JB (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS E-21, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM Jim.Weaver@cdc.gov FU Center for Media Impact Research in the Institute for Prevention of Addictions at Andrews University; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) FX The authors are indebted to Dogan Eroglu and John V. Stevens, Jr. for their significant contributions to this project. This research was supported in part by a grant from the Center for Media Impact Research in the Institute for Prevention of Addictions at Andrews University and by appointments of the second and third authors to the Research Participation Program at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an interagency agreement between the U.S. Department of Energy and the CDC. The findings and conclusions in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the CDC or the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. NR 88 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 5 U2 18 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1743-6095 J9 J SEX MED JI J. Sex. Med. PD MAR PY 2011 VL 8 IS 3 BP 764 EP 772 DI 10.1111/j.1743-6109.2010.02030.x PG 9 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 726EX UT WOS:000287703100014 PM 20946159 ER PT J AU Guo, XQ Verkler, TL Chen, Y Richter, PA Polzin, GM Moore, MM Mei, N AF Guo, Xiaoqing Verkler, Tracie L. Chen, Ying Richter, Patricia A. Polzin, Gregory M. Moore, Martha M. Mei, Nan TI Mutagenicity of 11 cigarette smoke condensates in two versions of the mouse lymphoma assay SO MUTAGENESIS LA English DT Article ID GENE MUTATION ASSAY; THYMIDINE KINASE LOCUS; GENOTOXICITY TEST PROCEDURES; INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP; MAINSTREAM SMOKE; TOBACCO-SMOKE; IN-VITRO; REPRESENTATIVE SAMPLE; WORKGROUP REPORT; CELLS AB Cigarette smoke condensate (CSC) is genotoxic in nearly all assays in which it has been tested. In this study, we investigated the mutagenicity of 11 CSCs using the microwell and soft-agar versions of the mouse lymphoma assay (MLA). These CSCs were prepared from commercial or experimental cigarettes, 10 of them were produced using International Organisation for Standardisation (ISO) conditions and one CSC was generated using intense Massachusetts Department of Public Health (MDPH) conditions. In the presence of rat liver S9, the L5178Y/Tk(+/-) mouse lymphoma cells were treated with 11 CSCs at different concentrations (25-200 mu g/ml) for 4 h. All CSCs resulted in dose-dependent increases of both cytotoxicity and mutagenicity in both versions of the MLA. The mutagenic potencies of the CSCs were calculated as mutant frequency per microgram CSC from the slope of the linear regression of the dose-response curves and showed no correlations with the tar yield of the cigarette or nicotine concentrations of the CSCs. Comparing two CSCs produced from the same commercial cigarettes using two different smoking conditions, the one generated under ISO conditions was more mutagenic than the other generated under intense conditions on a per microgram CSC basis. We also examined the loss of heterozygosity (LOH) at four microsatellite loci spanning the entire chromosome 11 for the mutants induced by 11 CSCs. The most common type of mutation observed was LOH with chromosome damage spanning less than similar to 34 Mbp. These results indicate that the MLA identifies different genotoxic potencies among a variety of CSCs and that the results from both versions of the assay are comparable. C1 [Guo, Xiaoqing; Verkler, Tracie L.; Chen, Ying; Moore, Martha M.; Mei, Nan] US FDA, Div Genet & Mol Toxicol, Natl Ctr Toxicol Res, Jefferson, AR 72079 USA. [Richter, Patricia A.] Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Off Smoking & Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Polzin, Gregory M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Div Sci Lab, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Mei, N (reprint author), US FDA, Div Genet & Mol Toxicol, Natl Ctr Toxicol Res, 3900 NCTR Rd, Jefferson, AR 72079 USA. EM nan.mei@fda.hhs.gov RI mei, nan/E-8915-2011 OI mei, nan/0000-0002-3501-9014 FU US CDC through the CDC and the U S Food and Drug Administration (FDA)/National Center for Toxicological Research (NCTR); NCTR FX This work was supported by internal funds of the US CDC through an interagency agreement between the CDC and the U S Food and Drug Administration (FDA)/National Center for Toxicological Research (NCTR) and also partly supported by an appointment (X.G.) to the Postgraduate Research Program at the NCTR administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an interagency agreement between the US Department of Energy and the FDA. NR 47 TC 19 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 7 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0267-8357 J9 MUTAGENESIS JI Mutagenesis PD MAR PY 2011 VL 26 IS 2 BP 273 EP 281 DI 10.1093/mutage/geq083 PG 9 WC Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology SC Genetics & Heredity; Toxicology GA 726SF UT WOS:000287745700004 PM 20980367 ER PT J AU Jackson, E Curtis, KM Gaffield, ME AF Jackson, Emily Curtis, Kathryn M. Gaffield, Mary E. TI Risk of Venous Thromboembolism During the Postpartum Period A Systematic Review SO OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Review ID CUMULATIVE INCIDENCE; PREGNANCY; PUERPERIUM; WOMEN; THROMBOSIS; DISEASE AB OBJECTIVE: To determine, from the literature, the risk of venous thromboembolism during the postpartum period. DATA SOURCES: We searched PubMed and Cochrane Library databases for all articles (in all languages) published in peer-reviewed journals from database inception through May 2010 for evidence related to incidence of venous thromboembolism in postpartum women. METHODS OF STUDY SELECTION: We included studies reporting relative risk, incidence rate, or cumulative incidence of venous thromboembolism in postpartum women. TABULATION, INTEGRATION, AND RESULTS: We included 15 articles reporting findings from 13 studies. Two studies directly comparing venous thromboembolism during the first 6 weeks postpartum to nonpregnant, nonpostpartum women reported relative effect measures of 21.5 (rate ratio; 95% confidence interval [CI] unable to be calculated) and 84 (odds ratio; 95% CI 31.7-222.6), respectively. A third study reported relative effect measures for deep venous thrombosis (15.2, 95% CI 13.2-17.6; standardized incidence ratio) and pulmonary embolism (9.2, 95% CI 6.5-12.7) separately. Three studies reported incidence rates of venous thromboembolism during the postpartum period (range 25-99 per 10,000 woman-years). We compared these incidence rates to baseline rates among nonpregnant, nonpostpartum women reported in the literature to generate rate ratios; these rate ratios ranged from 2.5 to 21.5. Nine studies reported cumulative incidence proportions of postpartum venous thromboembolism, ranging from 0.14 to 3.24 per 1,000 deliveries at 6 weeks postpartum. Incidence of venous thromboembolism was highest immediately after delivery (standardized incidence ratio for deep venous thrombosis 115.1 [95% CI 96.4-137.0], and for pulmonary embolism 80.7 [95% CI 53.9-117.9]); between 4 and 6 weeks postpartum, risk declined but was still approximately five-times to seven-times that of nonpregnant, nonpostpartum women. CONCLUSION: During the first 6 weeks postpartum, women's risk of venous thromboembolism increased 21.5-fold to 84-fold from baseline in nonpregnant, nonpostpartum women in studies that included an internal reference group. Although incidence of venous thromboembolism declined quickly after delivery, when this risk returns to baseline is not clear from current data. (Obstet Gynecol 2011;117:691-703) DOI:10.1097/AOG.0b013e31820ce2db C1 [Jackson, Emily] WHO, Dept Reprod Hlth & Res, CH-1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Jackson, E (reprint author), WHO, Dept Reprod Hlth & Res, 20 Ave Appia, CH-1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland. EM emilyjacksonmd@gmail.com NR 42 TC 30 Z9 31 U1 1 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0029-7844 J9 OBSTET GYNECOL JI Obstet. Gynecol. PD MAR PY 2011 VL 117 IS 3 BP 691 EP 703 DI 10.1097/AOG.0b013e31820ce2db PG 13 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 725MR UT WOS:000287649400024 PM 21343773 ER PT J AU Peterson, HB d'Arcangues, C Haidar, J Curtis, KM Merialdi, M Gulmezoglu, AM Say, L Mbizvo, M AF Peterson, Herbert B. d'Arcangues, Catherine Haidar, Joumana Curtis, Kathryn M. Merialdi, Mario Guelmezoglu, A. Metin Say, Lale Mbizvo, Michael TI Accelerating Science-Driven Solutions to Challenges in Global Reproductive Health A New Framework for Moving Forward SO OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PUBLIC-HEALTH; KNOWLEDGE AB Recommendations shaping policies, programs, and practices in global health should be based on the best available science, but how best to achieve this objective is less clear. We describe a new approach developed by the United Nations Development Programme/United Nations Population Fund/World Health Organization/World Bank Special Programme of Research, Development and Research Training in Human Reproduction within the World Health Organization Department of Reproductive Health and Research for addressing key challenges in global reproductive health. This approach leads to new recommendations for accelerating solutions to priority needs in the field and continued improvements in the science base-including the implementation science base-for meeting these needs. The key components of this new cycle for science-driven solutions include: 1) identifying priority needs of the field; 2) creating guidance that meets the needs of the field; 3) identifying research gaps and establishing and funding research priorities; 4) research synthesis and updating of the guidance in a timely fashion; and 5) supporting utilization in countries through systematic introduction of science-driven solutions. There is a synergistic effect when the contributions of the individual components of this cycle are linked. Strong institutional support is required for this collective effort, as is the creation of a team of researchers, practitioners, donors, and implementing agencies with shared responsibilities for its success. This new approach has already made important contributions toward addressing key challenges in family planning and maternal and perinatal health. We believe that it will help bridge the gap between knowledge and action for reproductive health and for global health more broadly. (Obstet Gynecol 2011; 117: 720-6) DOI: 10.1097/AOG.0b013e31820ce3e3 C1 [Peterson, Herbert B.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Dept Maternal & Child Hlth,Sch Med, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth,World Hlth Org Coll, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. World Hlth Org, Dept Reprod Hlth & Res, United Nations Dev Programme United Nations Popul, Geneva, Switzerland. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Peterson, HB (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Dept Maternal & Child Hlth,Sch Med, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth,World Hlth Org Coll, CB 7445,401 Rosenau, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. EM herbert_peterson@unc.edu NR 18 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 0029-7844 J9 OBSTET GYNECOL JI Obstet. Gynecol. PD MAR PY 2011 VL 117 IS 3 BP 720 EP 726 DI 10.1097/AOG.0b013e31820ce3e3 PG 7 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 725MR UT WOS:000287649400026 PM 21343775 ER PT J AU Hoover, KW Tao, GY Kent, CK Aral, SO AF Hoover, Karen W. Tao, Guoyu Kent, Charlotte K. Aral, Sevgi O. TI Epidemiologic Research Using Administrative Databases: Garbage In, Garbage Out SO OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Letter ID CARE; QUALITY C1 [Hoover, Karen W.; Tao, Guoyu; Kent, Charlotte K.; Aral, Sevgi O.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Hoover, KW (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 5 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0029-7844 J9 OBSTET GYNECOL JI Obstet. Gynecol. PD MAR PY 2011 VL 117 IS 3 BP 729 EP 729 DI 10.1097/AOG.0b013e31820cd18a PG 1 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 725MR UT WOS:000287649400028 PM 21343778 ER PT J AU Stockman, LJ Wright, CJ Visvesvara, GS Fields, BS Beach, MJ AF Stockman, Lauren J. Wright, Carolyn J. Visvesvara, Govinda S. Fields, Barry S. Beach, Michael J. TI Prevalence of Acanthamoeba spp. and other free-living amoebae in household water, Ohio, USA-1990-1992 SO PARASITOLOGY RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID CONTACT-LENS SOLUTION; NAEGLERIA-FOWLERI; DRINKING-WATER; SEASONAL DISTRIBUTION; LEGIONNAIRES-DISEASE; UNITED-STATES; KERATITIS; SYSTEMS; DISINFECTION; MONOCHLORAMINE AB Knowledge of the prevalence of free-living amoebae (FLA) in US household water can provide a focus for prevention of amoeba-associated illnesses. Household water samples from two Ohio counties, collected and examined for amoebae during 1990-1992, were used to describe the prevalence of Acanthamoeba and other FLA in a household setting. Amoebae were isolated and identified by morphologic features. A total of 2,454 samples from 467 households were examined. Amoebae were found in water samples of 371 (79%) households. Sites most likely to contain amoeba were shower heads (52%) and kitchen sprayers (50%). Species of Hartmannella, Acanthamoeba, or Vahlkampfia were most common. Detection was higher in biofilm swab samples than in water samples. Detection of FLA and Acanthamoeba, at 79% and 51%, respectively, exceed estimates that have been published in previous surveys of household sources. We believe FLA are commonplace inhabitants of household water in this sample as they are in the environment. C1 [Stockman, Lauren J.; Wright, Carolyn J.; Visvesvara, Govinda S.; Fields, Barry S.; Beach, Michael J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Beach, MJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 4770 Buford Highway NE Mailstop F-22, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM bgu8@cdc.gov; mjb3@cdc.gov NR 36 TC 36 Z9 38 U1 1 U2 14 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0932-0113 J9 PARASITOL RES JI Parasitol. Res. PD MAR PY 2011 VL 108 IS 3 BP 621 EP 627 DI 10.1007/s00436-010-2120-7 PG 7 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA 723PY UT WOS:000287520500016 PM 20978791 ER PT J AU Ostchega, Y Prineas, RJ Nwankwo, T Zipf, G AF Ostchega, Yechiam Prineas, Ronald J. Nwankwo, Tatiana Zipf, George TI Assessing Blood Pressure Accuracy of an Aneroid Sphygmomanometer in a National Survey Environment SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HYPERTENSION LA English DT Article DE aneroid; blood pressure; hypertension; mercury sphygmomanometer; NHANES ID US DEMOGRAPHIC-TRENDS; MIDARM CIRCUMFERENCE; RECOMMENDATIONS; HYPERTENSION; VALIDATION; PROTOCOL; SOCIETY; DEVICES; HEALTH; CUFFS AB BACKGROUND The "gold standard" employed for obtaining blood pressure (BP) for all the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) has been the mercury sphygmomanometer (HgS). Because of environmental concerns, there is a need to explore an alternative to HgS. METHODS We compared the accuracy of the Welch Allyn 767 wall aneroid sphygmomanometer (AnS) to the HgS in children and adults and by BP cuff sizes. Each participant had three BP measurements per device recorded sequentially. The order of the devices and observer were random. A total of 727 individuals participating in the NHANES participated in the study. RESULTS The mean AnS readings were not statistically significantly different from those of the HgS with the exception of systolic BP (SBP) in aged 8-17 years (mean difference 1.10, s.d. 4.87). There were no statistically significantly different by BP cuff sizes. Agreement for the prevalence of hypertension (BP >= 140 systolic or diastolic >= 90 mm Hg) was above chance (K = 0.81; sensitivity = 81%; specificity = 98%) with AnS readings underestimating by 1.66% (18.33 vs. 20%, P > 0.05) compared to the HgS reading. CONCLUSIONS With the exception of SBP in ages 8-17 years, the AnS device readings were not significantly different from HgS readings by age or BP cuff sizes selection. Agreement for hypertension classification is good. An accurate and well-calibrated AnS could therefore provide an acceptable alternative to the use of a HgS in surveys, although with appropriate caution given the 81% sensitivity with regard to hypertension thresholds that was observed. C1 [Ostchega, Yechiam; Nwankwo, Tatiana; Zipf, George] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Hlth & Nutr Examinat Stat, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, US Dept HHS, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. [Prineas, Ronald J.] Wake Forest Univ, Bowman Gray Sch Med, Dept Epidemiol & Prevent, Winston Salem, NC USA. RP Ostchega, Y (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Hlth & Nutr Examinat Stat, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, US Dept HHS, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. EM yxo1@cdc.gov NR 20 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 11 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 0895-7061 J9 AM J HYPERTENS JI Am. J. Hypertens. PD MAR PY 2011 VL 24 IS 3 BP 322 EP 327 DI 10.1038/ajh.2010.232 PG 6 WC Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 721VW UT WOS:000287386900014 PM 21164495 ER PT J AU Middleton, DC Mayer, AS Lewin, MD Mroz, MM Maier, LA AF Middleton, D. C. Mayer, A. S. Lewin, M. D. Mroz, M. M. Maier, L. A. TI Interpreting Borderline BeLPT Results SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE BeLPT; borderline; beryllium sensitization; BeS; chronic beryllium disease; CBD ID CHRONIC BERYLLIUM DISEASE; HEALTH SURVEILLANCE; SENSITIZATION AB Background The beryllium lymphocyte proliferation test (BeLPT) identifies persons sensitized to beryllium (BeS) and thus at risk for chronic beryllium disease (CBD). BeLPT test results are abnormal (AB), borderline (BL), or normal (NL). This manuscript addresses the predictive value and interpretation of BL BeLPT results. Methods The various three-result combinations that meet or exceed a nominal referral criteria of 1 AB + 1 BL are assessed with probability modeling and compared. Results At 2% prevalence, the three-result combinations that meet or exceed this referral criteria and associated probabilities of BeS are: (a) 1 AB + 1 BL + 1 NL (72%); (b) 3 BL (91%); (c) 2 AB + 1 NL (95%); (d) 1 AB + 2 BL (99%); (e) 2 AB + 1 BL (100%); and (f) 3 AB (100%). Conclusion These results suggest that BL results are meaningful and that three BL results predict BeS across a broad range of population prevalences. An analysis of longitudinal BeLPT results and clinical findings from an actual surveillance program is warranted to confirm the model's predictions. Am. J. Ind. Med. 54:205-209, 2011. (c) 2010 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 [Middleton, D. C.; Lewin, M. D.] ATSDR, Div Hlth Studies, Atlanta, GA USA. [Mayer, A. S.; Mroz, M. M.; Maier, L. A.] Natl Jewish Hlth, Div Occupat & Environm Hlth Sci, Dept Med, Denver, CO USA. RP Middleton, DC (reprint author), CDC ATSDR Chamblee Campus,Bldg 106,Floor 3,4770 B, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM dmiddleton@cdc.gov FU NIEHS NIH HHS [P01 ES011810] NR 14 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 6 PU WILEY-LISS PI HOBOKEN PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0271-3586 J9 AM J IND MED JI Am. J. Ind. Med. PD MAR PY 2011 VL 54 IS 3 BP 205 EP 209 DI 10.1002/ajim.20909 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 718UT UT WOS:000287152500004 PM 20957676 ER PT J AU Lee, T Harper, M Slaven, JE Lee, K Rando, RJ Maples, EH AF Lee, Taekhee Harper, Martin Slaven, James E. Lee, Kiyoung Rando, Roy J. Maples, Elizabeth H. TI Wood Dust Sampling: Field Evaluation of Personal Samplers When Large Particles Are Present SO ANNALS OF OCCUPATIONAL HYGIENE LA English DT Article DE ACCU-CAP (TM); Button sampler; CIP10-I sampler; GSP sampler; inhalable sampling; IOM sampler; wood dust ID INHALABLE AEROSOL SAMPLER; OCCUPATIONAL-EXPOSURE; PROCESSING-INDUSTRY; SIZE-DISTRIBUTIONS; RESPIRATORY HEALTH; CALM AIR; PERFORMANCE; COLLECTION; CASSETTES AB Recent recommendations for wood dust sampling include sampling according to the inhalable convention of International Organization for Standardization (ISO) 7708 (1995) Air quality-particle size fraction definitions for health-related sampling. However, a specific sampling device is not mandated, and while several samplers have laboratory performance approaching theoretical for an 'inhalable' sampler, the best choice of sampler for wood dust is not clear. A side-by-side field study was considered the most practical test of samplers as laboratory performance tests consider overall performance based on a wider range of particle sizes than are commonly encountered in the wood products industry. Seven companies in the wood products industry of the Southeast USA (MS, KY, AL, and WV) participated in this study. The products included hardwood flooring, engineered hardwood flooring, door skins, shutter blinds, kitchen cabinets, plywood, and veneer. The samplers selected were 37-mm closed-face cassette with ACCU-CAP (TM), Button, CIP10-I, GSP, and Institute of Occupational Medicine. Approximately 30 of each possible pairwise combination of samplers were collected as personal sample sets. Paired samplers of the same type were used to calculate environmental variance that was then used to determine the number of pairs of samples necessary to detect any difference at a specified level of confidence. Total valid sample number was 888 (444 valid pairs). The mass concentration of wood dust ranged from 0.02 to 195 mg m(-3). Geometric mean (geometric standard deviation) and arithmetic mean (standard deviation) of wood dust were 0.98 mg m(-3) (3.06) and 2.12 mg m(-3) (7.74), respectively. One percent of the samples exceeded 15 mg m(-3), 6% exceeded 5 mg m(-3), and 48% exceeded 1 mg m(-3). The number of collected pairs is generally appropriate to detect a 35% difference when outliers (negative mass loadings) are removed. Statistical evaluation of the nonsimilar sampler pair results produced a finding of no significant difference between any pairing of sampler type. A practical consideration for sampling in the USA is that the ACCU-CAP (TM) is similar to the sampler currently used by the Occupational Safety and Health Administration for purposes of demonstrating compliance with its permissible exposure limit for wood dust, which is the same as for Particles Not Otherwise Regulated, also known as inert dust or nuisance dust (Method PV2121). C1 [Lee, Taekhee; Harper, Martin] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Exposure Assessment Branch, Hlth Effects Lab Div, NIOSH, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Slaven, James E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Biostat & Epidemiol Branch, Hlth Effects Lab Div, NIOSH, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. [Lee, Kiyoung] Seoul Natl Univ, Grad Sch Publ Hlth, Seoul, South Korea. [Lee, Kiyoung] Univ Kentucky, Coll Nursing, Lexington, KY USA. [Rando, Roy J.] Tulane Univ, Tulane Sch Publ Hlth & Trop Med, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, New Orleans, LA 70112 USA. [Maples, Elizabeth H.] Univ Alabama, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. RP Lee, T (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Exposure Assessment Branch, Hlth Effects Lab Div, NIOSH, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM fwc8@cdc.gov FU PHS HHS [CAN# 0927Z6RS] NR 64 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 14 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0003-4878 J9 ANN OCCUP HYG JI Ann. Occup. Hyg. PD MAR PY 2011 VL 55 IS 2 BP 180 EP 191 DI 10.1093/annhyg/meq075 PG 12 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 719XQ UT WOS:000287245200006 PM 21036895 ER PT J AU Glover, F Cox, LH Patil, R Kelly, JP AF Glover, Fred Cox, Lawrence H. Patil, Rahul Kelly, James P. TI Integrated exact, hybrid and metaheuristic learning methods for confidentiality protection SO ANNALS OF OPERATIONS RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Confidentiality; Mixed integer optimization; Metaheuristics; Adaptive learning; Mathematical programming; Evolutionary computation ID STATISTICAL DISCLOSURE CONTROL; CELL SUPPRESSION PROBLEM; TABULAR DATA AB A vital task facing government agencies and commercial organizations that report data is to represent the data in a meaningful way and simultaneously to protect the confidentiality of critical components of this data. The challenge is to organize and disseminate data in a form that prevents such critical components from being inferred by groups bent on corporate espionage, to gain competitive advantages, or having a desire to penetrate the security of the information underlying the data. Controlled tabular adjustment is a recently developed approach for protecting sensitive information by imposing a special form of statistical disclosure limitation on tabular data. The underlying model gives rise to a mixed integer linear programming problem involving both continuous and discrete (zero-one) variables. We develop stratified ordered (s-ordered) heuristics and a new meta-heuristic learning approach for solving this model, and compare their performance to previous heuristics and to an exact algorithm embodied in the state-of-the-art ILOG- CPLEX software. Our new approaches are based on partitioning the problem into its discrete and continuous components, first creating an s-ordered heuristic that reduces the number of binary variables through a grouping procedure that combines an exact mathematical programming model with constructive heuristics. To gain further advantages we then replace the mathematical programming model with an evolutionary scatter search approach that makes it possible to extend the method to large problems with over 9000 entries. Finally, we introduce a new metaheuristic learning method that significantly improves the quality of solutions obtained. C1 [Patil, Rahul] Indian Inst Technol, SJMSOM, Bombay 400076, Maharashtra, India. [Glover, Fred; Kelly, James P.] OptTek Syst Inc, Boulder, CO USA. [Cox, Lawrence H.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. RP Patil, R (reprint author), Indian Inst Technol, SJMSOM, Bombay 400076, Maharashtra, India. EM Glover@OptTek.com; LCox@CDC.gov; rahul.patil@iitb.ac.in; Kelly@OptTek.com NR 21 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 6 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0254-5330 J9 ANN OPER RES JI Ann. Oper. Res. PD MAR PY 2011 VL 183 IS 1 BP 47 EP 73 DI 10.1007/s10479-009-0574-8 PG 27 WC Operations Research & Management Science SC Operations Research & Management Science GA 718QZ UT WOS:000287142300004 ER PT J AU Xia, Y Bernert, JT Jain, RB Ashley, DL Pirkle, JL AF Xia, Yang Bernert, John T. Jain, Ram B. Ashley, David L. Pirkle, James L. TI Tobacco-specific nitrosamine 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanol (NNAL) in smokers in the united states: NHANES 2007-2008 SO BIOMARKERS LA English DT Article DE NNAL; NNK; 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone; TSNA; NHANES; smoking; tobacco ID LUNG CARCINOGEN 4-(METHYLNITROSAMINO)-1-(3-PYRIDYL)-1-BUTANONE; NUTRITION EXAMINATION SURVEY; 3RD NATIONAL-HEALTH; CIGARETTE SMOKERS; LIGHT CIGARETTES; WHITE SMOKERS; US POPULATION; HUMAN URINE; EXPOSURE; METABOLITES AB The tobacco-specific carcinogen 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanol (NNAL), a metabolite of the tobacco-specific nitrosamine (TSNA) 4-(methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK), has been measured in urine samples from all participants aged 6 years and older from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2007--2008. Participants with a serum cotinine concentration of >= a parts per thousand yen10 ng/mL were identified as tobacco users, primarily cigarette smokers. Regression models were developed to calculate geometric mean NNAL concentrations adjusted for serum cotinine, urinary creatinine, cigarettes per day, and Federal Trade Commission tar values of the cigarettes smoked. Significant differences were found by gender (p == 0.003) and race/ethnicity (p == 0.022 for non-Hispanic white versus non-Hispanic black smokers), but not by menthol type of the cigarettes. Females and non-Hispanic white smokers had the highest adjusted means for urinary NNAL (353 and 336 pg/mL, respectively). The results from this study demonstrated significant relationships between NNAL concentrations and serum cotinine (p < 0.001) and urine creatinine (p < 0.001). The joint effect of linear and quadratic terms for number of cigarettes smoked per day was also statistically significant (p == 0.001). In addition to addressing current NNK exposure levels, these results will form a baseline for future estimates of tobacco users'' exposure to this carcinogen.= 1 year (79% vs. 52%; p = 0.025), children with bronchiolitis compared with children without bronchiolitis (89% vs. 38%; p < 0.001), and children with a shorter duration of symptoms before testing (0-1 (92%) vs. 2-4 (78%) vs. 5+ (65%) days; p = 0.04). The median RSV viral load in NPW positive by BN and RT-qPCR was 1.01 x 10(9) copies/mL vs. a median of 5.25 x 10(7) copies/mL for NPW positive by RT-qPCR only (p < 0.001). Conclusion: RT-qPCR is more sensitive than BN in detecting RSV infection. BN sensitivity is high in children with bronchiolitis, but the sensitivity is low when children present with a non-bronchiolitis illness, especially after a longer duration of symptoms before testing. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Miernyk, Karen; Bulkow, Lisa; DeByle, Carolynn; Hummel, Kimberlee Boyd; Singleton, Rosalyn] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Arctic Invest Program, Div Preparedness & Emerging Infect, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA. [Miernyk, Karen; Hennessy, Thomas; Singleton, Rosalyn] Alaska Native Tribal Hlth Consortium, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA. [Chikoyak, Lori] Yukon Kuskokwim Hlth Corp, Bethel, AK 99559 USA. RP Miernyk, K (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Arctic Invest Program, Div Preparedness & Emerging Infect, Natl Ctr Emerging & Zoonot Infect Dis, 4055 Tudor Ctr Dr, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA. EM kmiernyk@cdc.gov FU MedImmune, Inc. FX Rosalyn Singleton received research grant funding from MedImmune, Inc. for this study. The other authors have no conflicts of interest to report. NR 19 TC 26 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1386-6532 J9 J CLIN VIROL JI J. Clin. Virol. PD MAR PY 2011 VL 50 IS 3 BP 240 EP 243 DI 10.1016/j.jcv.2010.11.011 PG 4 WC Virology SC Virology GA 719SO UT WOS:000287229500013 PM 21163694 ER PT J AU Schwartz, RM Bruno, DM Augenbraun, MA Hogben, M Joseph, MA Liddon, N McCormack, WM Rubin, SR Wilson, TE AF Schwartz, Rebecca M. Bruno, Denise M. Augenbraun, Michael A. Hogben, Matthew Joseph, Michael A. Liddon, Nicole McCormack, William M. Rubin, Steve R. Wilson, Tracey E. TI Perceived Financial Need and Sexual Risk Behavior Among Urban, Minority Patients Following Sexually Transmitted Infection Diagnosis SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES LA English DT Article ID AFRICAN-AMERICAN WOMEN; HIV PREVENTION; UNITED-STATES; DISPARITIES; CARE; HOUSEHOLDS; RESOURCES; POVERTY; PEOPLE; GENDER AB Background: Previous studies have shown that racial/ethnic and gender disparities in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/sexually transmitted infections (STI) may be due in part to factors such as poverty and income-inequality. Little has been published in the HIV/STI literature on the effect of the perception of having unmet basic needs on sexual risk behavior. Methods: Data on perceived financial need and sexual risk were collected as part of a behavioral intervention aimed at promoting STI partner notification and reducing sexual behavior among minority patients presenting for care at 1 of 2 STI treatment centers in Brooklyn, NY, between January 2002 and December 2004. Data from 528 participants collected at the 6-month follow-up visit were used for the current study. Results: Forty-three percent of participants were categorized as having unmet needs. Those with unmet needs were more likely to report unprotected anal or vaginal sex (unprotected anal or vaginal intercourse [UAVI]; 62%) versus those who had met needs (53%). This association was significant (adjusted odds ratio = 1.28; 95% confidence interval = 1.04-1.53), after controlling for age, sex, site of recruitment, intervention group membership, and country of origin. Stratified analyses indicated that, in the group that did not receive the intervention, there was a statistically significant interaction between sex and basic needs such that women with unmet needs were more likely to report any UAVI (78%) than those with met needs (54%) (adjusted odds ratio = 1.18; 95% confidence interval = 1.07-1.24). No such relationship was detected for men in this sample. Conclusions: The significant association between perceived unmet needs and UAVI appears to be particularly relevant for women. These findings provide preliminary evidence that HIV/STI intervention components that seek to directly deal with issues of reduction in partner conflict might be beneficial to women with high perceived unmet basic needs, and for whom a potential dissolution of a relationship may represent a further loss in ability to meet basic needs. C1 [Schwartz, Rebecca M.] Suny Downstate Med Ctr, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Community Hlth Sci, Brooklyn, NY 11203 USA. [Hogben, Matthew; Liddon, Nicole; Rubin, Steve R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Rubin, Steve R.] New York City Dept Hlth, Bur STD Control, New York, NY USA. RP Schwartz, RM (reprint author), Suny Downstate Med Ctr, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Community Hlth Sci, Box 43,450 Clarkson Ave, Brooklyn, NY 11203 USA. EM Rebecca.Schwartz@downstate.edu FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [R30 CCR219136] FX Supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (R30 CCR219136). NR 19 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0148-5717 J9 SEX TRANSM DIS JI Sex. Transm. Dis. PD MAR PY 2011 VL 38 IS 3 BP 230 EP 234 DI 10.1097/OLQ.0b013e3181f41b81 PG 5 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 719UV UT WOS:000287237500016 PM 20852453 ER PT J AU McQuiston, JH Guerra, MA Watts, MR Lawaczeck, E Levy, C Nicholson, WL Adjemian, J Swerdlow, DL AF McQuiston, J. H. Guerra, M. A. Watts, M. R. Lawaczeck, E. Levy, C. Nicholson, W. L. Adjemian, J. Swerdlow, D. L. TI Evidence of Exposure to Spotted Fever Group Rickettsiae among Arizona Dogs Outside a Previously Documented Outbreak Area SO ZOONOSES AND PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Rocky Mountain spotted fever; Rickettsia rickettsii; dog; tick; Rhipicephalus sanguineus ID EASTERN ARIZONA; UNITED-STATES; INFECTION; TICK; OWNER AB P>Since 2003, two communities in eastern Arizona have experienced a sustained outbreak of Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF), caused by Rickettsia rickettsii, associated with transmission by Rhipicephalus sanguineus, the brown dog tick; 70 human cases, including eight deaths, were reported from these communities during 2003 through 2008. In both of the affected communities, antibodies to spotted fever group rickettsiae (SFGR) were present in dogs before the notice of the first human cases, suggesting that dogs may serve as useful sentinels for human risk of RMSF in this region. During 2005 and 2006, an exploratory serosurvey was conducted among stray and relinquished dogs presenting to animal control facilities in eastern Arizona located outside the area where human cases had been reported. Antibodies to SFGR were detected in 5.7% (14 of 247) dogs assessed outside the RMSF outbreak area. Animal shelters located in counties that either included or shared large borders with the outbreak area were significantly more likely to have seropositive dogs than facilities in more geographically separated counties (P = 0.01). In addition, stray dogs were significantly more likely to be antibody-positive than relinquished animals (P = 0.01), suggesting that control of stray dog populations should be considered as a means of limiting SFGR transmission in this region. The findings from this study may be extrapolated to suggest that the current risk for human RMSF infection may extend beyond the noted outbreak area. Heightened surveillance for human disease is needed in the region. C1 [McQuiston, J. H.; Guerra, M. A.; Watts, M. R.; Nicholson, W. L.; Adjemian, J.; Swerdlow, D. L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Rickettsial Zoonoses Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Lawaczeck, E.; Levy, C.] Arizona Dept Hlth Serv, Phoenix, AZ 85007 USA. [Adjemian, J.] Ctr Dis Control, Off Workforce & Career Dev, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP McQuiston, JH (reprint author), CDC, Rickettsial Zoonoses Branch, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd MS G-44, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM jmcquiston@cdc.gov FU CDC FX We would like to thank the staff at all the shelter facilities for their willingness and enthusiasm to participate in this survey for the benefit of public health. We also thank the staff of Companion Animal Hospital of Safford, AZ; Samaritan Veterinary Clinic of Globe, AZ; and Star Valley Animal Hospital of Payson, AZ for their assistance in acquiring blood specimens at participating animal control facilities. We also thank Julie Swerdlow for laboratory and technical assistance and Alicia Anderson at CDC for scientific guidance, Tasha Stewart at the AZ Department of Health Services for technical assistance, and Margaret Doley for assistance in preparing this manuscript. Melanie Watts was supported by a CDC Experience Fellowship. NR 17 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 14 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1863-1959 J9 ZOONOSES PUBLIC HLTH JI Zoonoses Public Health PD MAR PY 2011 VL 58 IS 2 BP 85 EP 92 DI 10.1111/j.1863-2378.2009.01300.x PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases; Veterinary Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases; Veterinary Sciences GA 718SP UT WOS:000287146800002 PM 20042069 ER PT J AU Jones, JL Anderson, B Schulkin, J Parise, ME Eberhard, ML AF Jones, J. L. Anderson, B. Schulkin, J. Parise, M. E. Eberhard, M. L. TI Sushi in Pregnancy, Parasitic Diseases - Obstetrician Survey SO ZOONOSES AND PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Fish; parasite; food safety; pregnancy; obstetrician ID INADVERTENT IVERMECTIN TREATMENT; INTESTINAL ANISAKIASIS; SALMON; DIPHYLLOBOTHRIASIS; PRAZIQUANTEL; NITAZOXANIDE; ALBENDAZOLE; LARVAE; CONSUMPTION; EXPOSURE AB P>Parasites from raw fish can lead to a wide range of clinical manifestations and can be challenging to treat in pregnancy as result of medication exposure of the foetus. We surveyed obstetrician-gynecologists (ob-gyns) in the U.S. to determine their knowledge about the consumption of raw fish during pregnancy. In March 2007, a questionnaire was mailed to members of the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) randomly selected to represent all members. Non-responding physicians were sent two additional mailings. Of the 606 ACOG members surveyed, 305 (50%) responded. Most (82%) respondents indicated that eating raw fish is not safe during pregnancy. However, few (19%) knew that thorough freezing kills parasites in fish. Nearly all (94%) respondents thought that parasitic infections can be more challenging to treat in pregnancy. U.S. ob-gyns believe that eating raw fish during pregnancy is not safe; most would benefit from information about how to prevent infection and about treatment. C1 [Jones, J. L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Parasit Dis Branch, Div Parasit Dis, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vectorborne & Enter Dis,Coordinat, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Anderson, B.; Schulkin, J.] Amer Coll Obstetricians & Gynecologists, Dept Res, Washington, DC 20024 USA. RP Jones, JL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Parasit Dis Branch, Div Parasit Dis, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vectorborne & Enter Dis,Coordinat, 4770 Buford Hwy,Mailstop F22, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM jlj1@cdc.gov FU Maternal and Child Health Bureau, Health Resources and Services Administration, Department of Health and Human Services [RGO MC 05674] FX This work was supported in part by Grant RGO MC 05674 from the Maternal and Child Health Bureau (Title V, Social Security Act), Health Resources and Services Administration, Department of Health and Human Services. NR 52 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 14 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1863-1959 EI 1863-2378 J9 ZOONOSES PUBLIC HLTH JI Zoonoses Public Health PD MAR PY 2011 VL 58 IS 2 BP 119 EP 125 DI 10.1111/j.1863-2378.2009.01310.x PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases; Veterinary Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases; Veterinary Sciences GA 718SP UT WOS:000287146800006 PM 20042060 ER PT J AU Flegal, KM Ogden, CL AF Flegal, Katherine M. Ogden, Cynthia L. TI Childhood Obesity: Are We All Speaking the Same Language? SO ADVANCES IN NUTRITION LA English DT Article AB Terminology and measures used in studies of weight and adiposity in children can be complex and confusing. Differences arise in metrics, terminology, reference values, and reference levels. Most studies depend on body mass index (BMI) calculated from weight and height, rather than on more direct measures of body fatness. Definitions of overweight and obesity are generally statistical rather than risk-based and use a variety of different reference data sets for BMI. As a result, different definitions often do not give the same results. A basic problem is the lack of strong evidence for any one particular definition. Rather than formulate the question as being one of how to define obesity, it might be useful to consider what BMI cut-points best predict future health risks and how efficiently to screen for such risks. The answers may be different for different populations. In addition, rather than depending solely on BMI to make screening decisions, it is likely to be useful to also consider other factors, including not only race-ethnicity, sex and age, but also factors such as family history. Despite their limitations, BMI-based definitions of overweight and obesity provide working practical definitions that are valuable for general public health surveillance and screening. Adv. Nutr. 2: 159S-166S, 2011. C1 [Flegal, Katherine M.; Ogden, Cynthia L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. RP Flegal, KM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. EM kmf2@cdc.gov OI Flegal, Katherine/0000-0002-0838-469X FU Fundacion Mexicana para la Salud A.C. (FUNSALUD) FX Published in a supplement to Advances in Nutrition. Presented at the conference "Forum on Child Obesity Interventions" held in Mexico City, Mexico, November 17-19, 2009. The conference was organized and cosponsored by Fundacion Mexicana para la Salud A.C. (FUNSALUD). Its contents are solely the responsibility of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official views of FUNSALUD. The supplement coordinator for this supplement was Guillermo Melendez, FUNSALUD. Supplement Coordinator disclosures: Guillermo Melendez is employed by FUNSALUD, which received a research donation from Coca Cola, PEPSICO, and Pena Fiel, three major beverage companies in Mexico, to support the program of childhood obesity research and communication. The supplement is the responsibility of the Guest Editor to whom the Editor of Advances in Nutrition has delegated supervision of both technical conformity to the published regulations of Advances in Nutrition and general oversight of the scientific merit of each article. The Guest Editor for this supplement was Nanette Stroebele, University of Colorado, Denver. Guest Editor disclosure: Nanette Stroebele declared no conflict of interest Publication costs for this supplement were defrayed in part by the payment of page charges. This publication must therefore be hereby marked "advertisement" in accordance with 18 USC section 1734 solely to indicate this fact. The opinions expressed in this publication are those of the authors and are not attributable to the sponsors or the publisher, Editor, or Editorial Board of Advances in Nutrition. NR 68 TC 51 Z9 52 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER SOC NUTRITION-ASN PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 2161-8313 J9 ADV NUTR JI Adv. Nutr. PD MAR PY 2011 VL 2 IS 2 BP 159S EP 166S DI 10.3945/an.111.000307 PG 8 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA V27BR UT WOS:000208589200013 PM 22332047 ER PT J AU Rice, CE AF Rice, Catherine E. TI The Changing Prevalence of the Autism Spectrum Disorders SO AMERICAN FAMILY PHYSICIAN LA English DT Editorial Material ID TOTAL POPULATION; CHILDREN; TRENDS; TIME C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Rice, CE (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM crice@cdc.gov RI Rice, Catherine/D-6305-2016 NR 20 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 14 PU AMER ACAD FAMILY PHYSICIANS PI KANSAS CITY PA 8880 WARD PARKWAY, KANSAS CITY, MO 64114-2797 USA SN 0002-838X J9 AM FAM PHYSICIAN JI Am. Fam. Physician PD MAR 1 PY 2011 VL 83 IS 5 BP 515 EP 520 PG 6 WC Primary Health Care; Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 979ZG UT WOS:000306862800006 PM 21391518 ER PT J AU Naggie, S Miller, BA Zuzak, KB Pence, BW Mayo, AJ Nicholson, BP Kutty, PK McDonald, LC Woods, CW AF Naggie, Susanna Miller, Becky A. Zuzak, Kimberly B. Pence, Brian W. Mayo, Ashley J. Nicholson, Bradly P. Kutty, Preeta K. McDonald, L. Clifford Woods, Christopher W. TI A Case-control Study of Community-associated Clostridium difficile Infection: No Role for Proton Pump Inhibitors SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE Clostridium difficile; Community; Diarrhea; Infection; Proton pump inhibitor ID RISK-FACTORS; DISEASE; DIARRHEA; SURVEILLANCE; STATINS; HOSPITALIZATION; EPIDEMIOLOGY; OMEPRAZOLE; MORBIDITY AB BACKGROUND: The epidemiology of community-associated Clostridium difficile infection is not well known. We performed a multicenter, case-control study to further describe community-associated C. difficile infection and assess novel risk factors. METHODS: We conducted this study at 5 sites from October 2006 through November 2007. Community-associated C. difficile infection included individuals with diarrhea, a positive C. difficile toxin, and no recent (12 weeks) discharge from a health care facility. We selected controls from the same clinics attended by cases. We collected clinical and exposure data at the time of illness and cultured residual stool samples and performed ribotyping. RESULTS: Of 1041 adult C. difficile infections, 162 (15.5%) met criteria for community-associated: 66 case and 114 control patients were enrolled. Case patients were relatively young (median 64 years), female (56%), and frequently required hospitalization (38%). Antimicrobials, malignancy, exposure to high-risk persons, and remote health care exposure were independently associated with community-associated C. difficile infection. In 40% of cases, we could not confirm recent antibiotic exposure. Stomach-acid suppressants were not associated with community-associated infection, and 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase inhibitors appeared protective. Prevalence of the hypervirulent NAP-1/027 strain was infrequent (17%). CONCLUSIONS: Community-associated C. difficile infection resulted in a substantial health care burden. Antimicrobials are a significant risk factor for community-associated infection. However, other unique factors also may contribute, including person-to-person transmission, remote health care exposures, and 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase inhibitors. A role for stomach-acid suppressants in community-associated C. difficile infection is not supported. (C) 2011 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. . The American Journal of Medicine (2011) 124, 276.e1-276.e7 C1 [Naggie, Susanna; Miller, Becky A.; Zuzak, Kimberly B.; Woods, Christopher W.] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Div Infect Dis, Durham, NC 27710 USA. [Naggie, Susanna; Nicholson, Bradly P.; Woods, Christopher W.] Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Durham, NC USA. [Pence, Brian W.] Duke Ctr Hlth Policy, Durham, NC USA. [Pence, Brian W.] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Community & Family Med, Durham, NC 27710 USA. [Mayo, Ashley J.] Univ N Carolina, Sch Publ Hlth, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Kutty, Preeta K.; McDonald, L. Clifford] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Natl Ctr Preparedness Detect & Control Infect Dis, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Career Dev Div, Off Workforce & Career Dev,Dep Hlth & Human Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Naggie, S (reprint author), Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Div Infect Dis, Box 102359 DUMC, Durham, NC 27710 USA. EM susanna.naggie@duke.edu FU American College of Gastroenterology FX Funding: American College of Gastroenterology. NR 32 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0002-9343 J9 AM J MED JI Am. J. Med. PD MAR PY 2011 VL 124 IS 3 BP 276 EP U110 AR 276.e1 DI 10.1016/j.amjmed.2010.10.013 PG 7 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 732QM UT WOS:000288203700024 PM 21396512 ER PT J AU Elder, RW Voas, R Beirness, D Shults, RA Sleet, DA Nichols, JL Compton, R AF Elder, Randy W. Voas, Robert Beirness, Doug Shults, Ruth A. Sleet, David A. Nichols, James L. Compton, Richard CA Task Force Community Preventive TI Effectiveness of Ignition Interlocks for Preventing Alcohol-Impaired Driving and Alcohol-Related Crashes A Community Guide Systematic Review SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID DUI RECIDIVISM; DRIVERS; PROGRAM; CALIFORNIA; OHIO AB A systematic review of the literature to assess the effectiveness of ignition interlocks for reducing alcohol-impaired driving and alcohol-related crashes was conducted for the Guide to Community Preventive Services (Community Guide). Because one of the primary research issues of interest-the degree to which the installation of interlocks in offenders' vehicles reduces alcohol-impaired driving in comparison to alternative sanctions (primarily license suspension)-was addressed by a 2004 systematic review conducted for the Cochrane Collaboration, the current review incorporates that previous work and extends it to include more recent literature and crash outcomes. The body of evidence evaluated includes the 11 studies from the prior review, plus four more recent studies published through December 2007. The installation of ignition interlocks was associated consistently with large reductions in re-arrest rates for alcohol-impaired driving within both the earlier and later bodies of evidence. Following removal of interlocks, re-arrest rates reverted to levels similar to those for comparison groups. The limited available evidence from three studies that evaluated crash rates suggests that alcohol-related crashes decrease while interlocks are installed in vehicles. According to Community Guide rules of evidence, these findings provide strong evidence that interlocks, while they are in use in offenders' vehicles, are effective in reducing re-arrest rates. However, the potential for interlock programs to reduce alcohol-related crashes is currently limited by the small proportion of offenders who participate in the programs and the lack of a persistent beneficial effect once the interlock is removed. Suggestions for facilitating more widespread and sustained use of ignition interlocks are provided. (Am J Prev Med 2011;40(3):362-376) (C) 2011 Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of American Journal of Preventive Medicine. C1 [Elder, Randy W.] CDC, Div Community Prevent Serv, Epidemiol & Anal Program Off, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Shults, Ruth A.; Sleet, David A.] CDC, Alcohol Policy & Safety Res Ctr, Div Unintent Injury Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Voas, Robert] Pacific Inst Res & Evaluat, Calverton, MD USA. [Beirness, Doug] Beirness & Associates Inc, Nepean, ON, Canada. [Nichols, James L.; Compton, Richard] Natl Highway Traff Safety Adm US, Off Behav Safety Res, Washington, DC 20590 USA. RP Elder, RW (reprint author), CDC, Div Community Prevent Serv, Epidemiol & Anal Program Off, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mailstop E-69, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM rfe3@cdc.gov NR 44 TC 54 Z9 54 U1 1 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD MAR PY 2011 VL 40 IS 3 BP 362 EP 376 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2010.11.012 PG 15 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 722PB UT WOS:000287445700017 PM 21335270 ER PT J AU Liu, FY Barrangou, R Gerner-Smidt, P Ribot, EM Knabel, SJ Dudley, EG AF Liu, Fenyun Barrangou, Rodolphe Gerner-Smidt, Peter Ribot, Efrain M. Knabel, Stephen J. Dudley, Edward G. TI Novel Virulence Gene and Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeat (CRISPR) Multilocus Sequence Typing Scheme for Subtyping of the Major Serovars of Salmonella enterica subsp enterica SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID FIELD GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS; FRAGMENT LENGTH POLYMORPHISM; PROVIDES ACQUIRED-RESISTANCE; VARIABLE-NUMBER; DISCRIMINATORY ABILITY; UNITED-STATES; TYPHIMURIUM; ENTERITIDIS; BACTERIA; STRAIN AB Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica is the leading cause of bacterial food-borne disease in the United States. Molecular subtyping methods are powerful tools for tracking the farm-to-fork spread of food-borne pathogens during outbreaks. In order to develop a novel multilocus sequence typing (MLST) scheme for subtyping the major serovars of S. enterica subsp. enterica, the virulence genes sseL and fimH and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeat (CRISPR) loci were sequenced from 171 clinical isolates from nine Salmonella serovars, Salmonella serovars Typhimurium, Enteritidis, Newport, Heidelberg, Javiana, I 4,[5],12: i:-, Montevideo, Muenchen, and Saintpaul. The MLST scheme using only virulence genes was congruent with serotyping and identified epidemic clones but could not differentiate outbreaks. The addition of CRISPR sequences dramatically improved discriminatory power by differentiating individual outbreak strains/clones. Of particular note, the present MLST scheme provided better discrimination of Salmonella serovar Enteritidis strains than pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE). This method showed high epidemiologic concordance for all serovars screened except for Salmonella serovar Muenchen. In conclusion, the novel MLST scheme described in the present study accurately differentiated outbreak strains/clones of the major serovars of Salmonella, and therefore, it shows promise for subtyping this important food-borne pathogen during investigations of outbreaks. C1 [Liu, Fenyun; Barrangou, Rodolphe; Knabel, Stephen J.; Dudley, Edward G.] Penn State Univ, Dept Food Sci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Barrangou, Rodolphe] Danisco USA Inc, Madison, WI 53716 USA. [Gerner-Smidt, Peter; Ribot, Efrain M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Dudley, EG (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Food Sci, 326 Food Sci Bldg, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM egd100@psu.edu RI Barrangou, Rodolphe/I-2878-2014 OI Barrangou, Rodolphe/0000-0002-0648-3504 FU U.S. Department of Agriculture [2009-34163-20132] FX This study was supported by a U.S. Department of Agriculture Special Milk Safety grant to the Pennsylvania State University (contract 2009-34163-20132). NR 49 TC 54 Z9 56 U1 1 U2 15 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD MAR PY 2011 VL 77 IS 6 BP 1946 EP 1956 DI 10.1128/AEM.02625-10 PG 11 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 732QK UT WOS:000288203500003 PM 21278266 ER PT J AU White, A Coker, AL Du, XLL Eggleston, KS Williams, M AF White, Arica Coker, Ann L. Du, Xianglin L. Eggleston, Katherine S. Williams, Melanie TI Racial/Ethnic Disparities in Survival Among Men Diagnosed With Prostate Cancer in Texas SO CANCER LA English DT Article DE disparities; prostate cancer; race; survival; ethnicity ID LONG-TERM SURVIVAL; SOCIOECONOMIC-STATUS; RACIAL-DIFFERENCES; UNITED-STATES; RADICAL PROSTATECTOMY; WHITE MEN; SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC FACTORS; PROGNOSTIC-FACTORS; MEDICAL-CARE; HEALTH-CARE AB BACKGROUND: To the authors' knowledge, few studies to date have examined racial differences in prostate cancer survival while controlling for socioeconomic status (SES). No such studies have examined this association in Texas, a large state with significant ethnic and racial diversity. The objective of this analysis was to determine whether racial disparities in survival for men diagnosed with prostate cancer in Texas from 1995 through 2002 remained after adjusting for SES, rural residence, and stage of disease. METHODS: A cohort of 87,449 men who were diagnosed with prostate cancer was identified from the Texas Cancer Registry. The SES measure was based on census tract data reflecting median household income, median home value, and percentages of men living below poverty, with a college education, and with a management or professional occupation. The 5-year survival rates were calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method and Cox proportional hazard modeling was used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) for race and all-cause and disease-specific mortality. RESULTS: After adjusting for SES, age, stage of disease, tumor grade, year of diagnosis, and rural residence, both black and Hispanic men were more likely (adjusted HR [aHR], 1.70 [95% confidence interval (95% CI), 1.58-1.83] and aHR, 1.11 195% CI, 1.024201 respectively) to die of prostate cancer compared with white men. The pattern of survival disadvantage for black men held for those diagnosed with localized disease and advanced disease, and for those with an unknown stage of diseas: at diagnosis. CONCLUSIONS: Substantial racial disparities in prostate cancer survival were found for men in Texas. Future studies should incorporate treatment data as well as comorbid conditions because this information may explain noted survival disparities. Cancer 2011;117:1080-8. (C) 2010 American Cancer Society. C1 [White, Arica; Du, Xianglin L.; Eggleston, Katherine S.] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr, Sch Publ Hlth, Div Epidemiol, Houston, TX USA. [Coker, Ann L.] Univ Kentucky, Coll Med, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Lexington, KY USA. [Williams, Melanie] Texas Dept State Hlth Serv, Canc Epidemiol & Surveillance Branch, Austin, TX USA. RP White, A (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Epidemiol & Appl Res Branch, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,Mailstop K-55, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM awhite5@cdc.gov FU National Cancer Institute [5R21CA 114330]; University of Texas School of Public Health; National Cancer Institute/NIH [R25-CA-57712] FX Supported by a grant from the National Cancer Institute (5R21CA 114330). Grant support: Pre-doctoral Fellowship (A.W.), University of Texas School of Public Health Cancer Education and Career Development Program - National Cancer Institute/NIH Grant R25-CA-57712. NR 45 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 2 U2 4 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0008-543X J9 CANCER-AM CANCER SOC JI Cancer PD MAR 1 PY 2011 VL 117 IS 5 BP 1080 EP 1088 DI 10.1002/cncr.25671 PG 9 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 725LM UT WOS:000287646200027 PM 21351084 ER PT J AU Dieli-Conwright, CM Sullivan-Halley, J Patel, A Press, M Malone, K Ursin, G Burkman, R Strom, B Simon, M Weiss, L Marchbanks, P Folger, S Spirtas, R Deapen, D Bernstein, L AF Dieli-Conwright, Christina M. Sullivan-Halley, Jane Patel, Alpa Press, Michael Malone, Kathleen Ursin, Giske Burkman, Ronald Strom, Brian Simon, Michael Weiss, Linda Marchbanks, Polly Folger, Suzanne Spirtas, Robert Deapen, Dennis Bernstein, Leslie TI Does hormone therapy counter the beneficial effects of physical activity on breast cancer risk in postmenopausal women? SO CANCER CAUSES & CONTROL LA English DT Article DE Hormone therapy; Physical activity; Breast cancer ID RECREATIONAL EXERCISE; COHORT; HEALTH AB Studies consistently demonstrate that physical activity is inversely associated with postmenopausal breast cancer. Whether this association is stronger among non-hormone users or former users of menopausal hormone therapy (HT) is of interest given the marked decline in HT use since 2002. The Women's Contraceptive and Reproductive Experiences Study, a population-based case-control study of invasive breast cancer, recruited white women and black women ages 35-64 years and collected histories of lifetime recreational physical activity and HT use including estrogen-alone therapy (ET) and estrogen plus progestin therapy (EPT). Among postmenopausal women (1,908 cases, 2,013 control participants), breast cancer risk declined with increasing levels of lifetime physical activity among never HT users; among short-term HT users (fewer than 5 years); and among current ET users; P(trend) values ranged from 0.004 to 0.016. In contrast, physical activity had no significant association with risk among long-term and past HT users and among current EPT users. No statistical evidence of heterogeneity was demonstrated for duration or currency of HT use. Breast cancer risk decreases with increasing lifetime physical activity levels among postmenopausal women who have not used HT, have used HT for less than 5 years, or are current ET users, yet this study was unable to demonstrate statistically that HT use modifies the relationship between physical activity and breast cancer. With profound changes in HT use occurring since 2002, it will be important in future studies to learn whether or not any association between physical activity and breast cancer among former HT users is a function of time since last HT use. C1 [Dieli-Conwright, Christina M.; Sullivan-Halley, Jane; Bernstein, Leslie] City Hope Natl Med Ctr, Dept Populat Sci, Div Canc Etiol, Duarte, CA 91010 USA. [Patel, Alpa] Amer Canc Soc, Dept Epidemiol, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Press, Michael; Ursin, Giske; Deapen, Dennis] Univ So Calif, Kenneth Norris Jr Comprehens Canc Ctr, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA. [Malone, Kathleen] Univ Washington, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Ursin, Giske] Univ Oslo, Dept Nutr, Oslo, Norway. [Burkman, Ronald] Baystate Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Springfield, MA USA. [Strom, Brian] Univ Penn, Dept Biostat & Epidemiol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Simon, Michael] Karmanos Canc Inst, Dept Med & Oncol, Detroit, MI USA. [Weiss, Linda] NCI, Canc Ctr Program, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Marchbanks, Polly; Folger, Suzanne] Ctr Dis Control, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Spirtas, Robert] Natl Inst Child Hlth & Dev, Populat Res Ctr, Contracept & Reprod Hlth Branch, Bethesda, MD USA. RP Dieli-Conwright, CM (reprint author), City Hope Natl Med Ctr, Dept Populat Sci, Div Canc Etiol, 1500 E Duarte Rd, Duarte, CA 91010 USA. EM cdielic@coh.org FU National Institute of Child Health and Human Development; National Cancer Institute (NCI) [N01 HD 3-3168]; Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center [N01 HD 2-3166]; Karmanos Cancer Institute at Wayne State University [N01 HD 3-3174]; University of Pennsylvania [N01 HD 3-3176]; University of Southern California [N01 HD 3-3175]; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [Y01 HD 7022]; SEER, Atlanta [N01-PC-67006]; SEER, Detroit [N01-CN-65064]; SEER, Los Angeles [N01CN- 67010]; SEER, Seattle [N01-CN-0532]; California Department of Health Services FX This work was supported by the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, with additional support from the National Cancer Institute (NCI), through contracts with Emory University (N01 HD 3-3168), the Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center (N01 HD 2-3166), the Karmanos Cancer Institute at Wayne State University (N01 HD 3-3174), the University of Pennsylvania (N01 HD 3-3176) and the University of Southern California (N01 HD 3-3175), and through an intra agency agreement with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (Y01 HD 7022). Additional support was provided by K05 CA136967 (to LB). General support through SEER contract numbers N01-PC-67006 (Atlanta), N01-CN-65064 (Detroit), N01CN- 67010 (Los Angeles), and N01-CN-0532 (Seattle) is also acknowledged. The collection of cancer incidence data for Los Angeles County used in this publication was supported by the California Department of Health Services as part of the statewide cancer reporting program mandated by the California Health and Safety Code Section 103885. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention or the State of California, Department of Health Services. NR 25 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 5 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0957-5243 J9 CANCER CAUSE CONTROL JI Cancer Causes Control PD MAR PY 2011 VL 22 IS 3 BP 515 EP 522 DI 10.1007/s10552-010-9719-y PG 8 WC Oncology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Oncology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 737BH UT WOS:000288542400020 PM 21213036 ER PT J AU Zapka, JM Klabunde, CN Arora, NK Yuan, G Smith, JL Kobrin, SC AF Zapka, Jane M. Klabunde, Carrie N. Arora, Neeraj K. Yuan, Gigi Smith, Judith Lee Kobrin, Sarah C. TI Physicians' Colorectal Cancer Screening Discussion and Recommendation Patterns SO CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY BIOMARKERS & PREVENTION LA English DT Article ID INFORMED DECISION-MAKING; CLIENT-DIRECTED INTERVENTIONS; PRIMARY-CARE PRACTICES; CENTERED MEDICAL HOME; SERVICES TASK-FORCE; HEALTH-CARE; PREVENTIVE SERVICES; PATIENT PREFERENCES; SOCIETY GUIDELINES; SELF-REPORT AB Background: Primary care physician (PCP) actions are pivotal to colorectal cancer (CRC) screening performance, and guidelines recommend discussion with patients about test options and potential benefits and harms. This article profiles patterns of discussion about and recommendations for screening and explores potential associations with multilevel factors (patient, clinician, practice, and environment). Methods: In 2009, we analyzed data from 1,266 physicians responding to the 2006-2007 National Survey of Primary Care Physicians' Recommendations and Practices for Breast, Cervical, Colorectal, and Lung Cancer Screening (absolute response rate = 69.3%; cooperation rate = 75.0%). Descriptive statistics examined physicians' reports of discussion and recommendations. Multivariate analyses assessed the associations of these practices with multilevel factors. Results: Although few respondents reported discussion of all options, 46% usually discuss more than one option; the vast majority of these respondents discuss fecal occult blood testing (FOBT) and colonoscopy (49%) or FOBT, sigmoidoscopy, and colonoscopy (32%). Of physicians who discuss more than one option, a majority reported usually recommending one or more test options, most commonly colonoscopy alone (43%) and FOBT and colonoscopy (43%). Several personal characteristics (specialty), perceived patient characteristics (prefer physician to decide), practice characteristics (geographic location), and community barriers (specialist availability) were independently associated with discussion and/or recommendation patterns. Conclusions: PCPs do not discuss the full menu of test options, but many report selecting one or two options for discussion and recommendation. To ensure that patients' perspectives and concerns are elicited and considered, patient decision-making approaches should be considered. Impact: Attention to informed decision making in CRC screening will be important for enhancing patient-centered quality care. Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev; 20(3); 509-21. (C)2011 AACR. C1 [Zapka, Jane M.] Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Med, Div Biostat & Epidemiol, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. [Klabunde, Carrie N.; Arora, Neeraj K.; Kobrin, Sarah C.] NCI, Div Canc Control & Populat Sci, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Yuan, Gigi] Informat Management Serv Inc, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Smith, Judith Lee] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Zapka, JM (reprint author), Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Med, Div Biostat & Epidemiol, 135 Cannon St, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. EM zapka@musc.edu FU National Cancer Institute [N02-PC-51308]; Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality [Y3-PC-5019-01, Y3-PC-5019-02]; Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [Y3-PC-6017-01] FX Funding support for this study was provided by the National Cancer Institute (contract number N02-PC-51308); the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality (interagency agreement numbers Y3-PC-5019-01 and Y3-PC-5019-02); and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (interagency agreement number Y3-PC-6017-01). NR 66 TC 39 Z9 40 U1 2 U2 6 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI PHILADELPHIA PA 615 CHESTNUT ST, 17TH FLOOR, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-4404 USA SN 1055-9965 J9 CANCER EPIDEM BIOMAR JI Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev. PD MAR PY 2011 VL 20 IS 3 BP 509 EP 521 DI 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-10-0749 PG 13 WC Oncology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Oncology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 730WO UT WOS:000288067200013 PM 21239688 ER PT J AU Fagan, RP McLaughlin, JB Castrodale, LJ Gessner, BD Jenkerson, SA Funk, EA Hennessy, TW Middaugh, JP Butler, JC AF Fagan, Ryan P. McLaughlin, Joseph B. Castrodale, Louisa J. Gessner, Bradford D. Jenkerson, Sue A. Funk, Elizabeth A. Hennessy, Thomas W. Middaugh, John P. Butler, Jay C. TI Endemic Foodborne Botulism among Alaska Native Persons-Alaska, 1947-2007 SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; TOXIN; FOODS AB Background. Foodborne botulism resulting from consumption of uncooked aquatic game foods has been an endemic hazard among Alaska Native populations for centuries. Our review was conducted to help target botulism prevention and response activities. Methods. Records of Alaska botulism investigations for the period 1947-2007 were reviewed. We used the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention case definitions for foodborne botulism and linear regression to evaluate incidence trends and chi(2) or Fisher's Exact tests to evaluate categorical data. Results. A total of 317 patients (61% of whom were female) and 159 outbreaks were reported. Overall mean annual incidence was 6.9 cases per 100,000 Alaska Native persons; mean incidence was lower in 2000 (5.7 cases per 100,000 Alaska Native persons) than in any period since 1965-1969 (0.8 cases per 100,000 Alaska Native persons). Age-specific incidence was highest (26.6 cases per 100,000 Alaska Native persons) among persons aged >= 60 years. The overall case-fatality rate was 8.2%, and the case-fatality rate was <= 4.0% since 1980. Misdiagnosis was associated with a higher case-fatality rate and delayed antitoxin administration. Conclusions. Foodborne botulism remains a public health problem in Alaska. Incidence might be decreasing, but it remains >800 times the overall US rate (0.0068 cases per 100,000 persons). Prevention messages should highlight the additional risk to female individuals and older persons. Early diagnosis is critical for timely access to antitoxin and supportive care. C1 [Fagan, Ryan P.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Hennessy, Thomas W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Arctic Invest Program, Anchorage, AK USA. [Fagan, Ryan P.; McLaughlin, Joseph B.; Castrodale, Louisa J.; Gessner, Bradford D.; Jenkerson, Sue A.; Funk, Elizabeth A.; Butler, Jay C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Alaska Dept Hlth & Social Serv, Anchorage, AK USA. [Middaugh, John P.] So Nevada Hlth Dist, Div Community Hlth, Las Vegas, NV USA. RP Fagan, RP (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS D-63, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM fev3@cdc.gov FU Aventis Pasteur FX B.G. is employed by AMP (Paris, France), which receives unrestricted and grant support from Aventis Pasteur, a manufacturer of botulism anti-toxin. All other authors: no conflicts. NR 32 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 7 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD MAR 1 PY 2011 VL 52 IS 5 BP 585 EP 592 DI 10.1093/cid/ciq240 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 716RR UT WOS:000286991700010 PM 21292663 ER PT J AU Blackard, JT Welge, JA Taylor, LE Mayer, KH Klein, RS Celentano, DD Jamieson, DJ Gardner, L Sherman, KE AF Blackard, Jason T. Welge, Jeffrey A. Taylor, Lynn E. Mayer, Kenneth H. Klein, Robert S. Celentano, David D. Jamieson, Denise J. Gardner, Lytt Sherman, Kenneth E. TI HIV Mono-infection Is Associated With FIB-4-A Noninvasive Index of Liver Fibrosis - in Women SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS-INFECTION; ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; CHRONIC HEPATITIS-C; HUMAN HEPATOCYTES; TYPE-1 INFECTION; RISK-FACTORS; US WOMEN; COINFECTION; CELLS; AMINOTRANSFERASE AB Background. FIB-4 represents a noninvasive, composite index that is a validated measure of hepatic fibrosis, which is an important indicator of liver disease. To date, there are limited data regarding hepatic fibrosis in women. Methods. FIB-4 was evaluated in a cohort of 1227 women, and associations were evaluated in univariate and multivariate regression models among 4 groups of subjects classified by their human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection status. Results. The median FIB-4 scores were 0.60 in HIV-/HCV- women, 0.83 in HIV-/HCV+ women, 0.86 in HIV+/HCV- women, and 1.30 in HIV+/HCV+ women. In the HIV/HCV co-infected group, multivariate analysis showed that CD4(+) cell count and albumin level were negatively associated with FIB-4 (P < .0001), whereas antiretroviral therapy (ART) was positively associated with FIB-4 score (P = .0008). For the HIV mono-infected group, multivariate analysis showed that CD4(+) cell count (P <. 0001) and albumin level (P = .0019) were negatively correlated with FIB-4 score, ART was positively associated with FIB-4 score (P = .0008), and plasma HIV RNA level was marginally associated with FIB-4 score (P = .080). In 72 HIV mono-infected women who were also hepatitis B surface antigen negative, ART naive, and reported no recent alcohol intake, plasma HIV RNA level was associated with increased FIB-4 score (P = .030). Conclusions. HIV RNA level was associated with increased FIB-4 score in the absence of hepatitis B, hepatitis C, ART, or alcohol use, suggesting a potential relationship between HIV infection and hepatic fibrosis in vivo. A better understanding of the various demographic and virologic variables that contribute to hepatic fibrosis may lead to more effective treatment of HIV infection and its co-morbid conditions. C1 [Blackard, Jason T.; Sherman, Kenneth E.] Univ Cincinnati, Div Digest Dis, Coll Med, Cincinnati, OH 45267 USA. [Welge, Jeffrey A.] Univ Cincinnati, Dept Psychiat, Coll Med, Cincinnati, OH 45267 USA. [Welge, Jeffrey A.] Univ Cincinnati, Dept Environm Hlth, Coll Med, Cincinnati, OH 45267 USA. [Taylor, Lynn E.; Mayer, Kenneth H.] Brown Univ, Miriam Hosp, Providence, RI USA. [Taylor, Lynn E.; Mayer, Kenneth H.] Brown Univ, Dept Med, Providence, RI 02912 USA. [Klein, Robert S.] Mt Sinai Sch Med, Div Infect Dis, New York, NY USA. [Celentano, David D.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Epidemiol, Baltimore, MD USA. [Jamieson, Denise J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Gardner, Lytt] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Blackard, JT (reprint author), Univ Cincinnati, Div Digest Dis, Coll Med, ML 0595, Cincinnati, OH 45267 USA. EM jason.blackard@uc.edu FU The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; National Institutes of Health [R21 AI081564]; Roche (Genentech); Schering (Merck); Vertex; Gilead; Bristol-Meyers Squibb; SciClone; Anadys; National Institute on Drug Abuse [k23DA020383-01]; National Institutes of Health, Lifespan/Tufts/Brown Center for AIDS Research [P30AI42853]; Genetech/Roche; Roche FX The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the National Institutes of Health (R21 AI081564 to J.T.B.).; K.S. is a board member of Vertex, Bristol-Meyers Squibb, Merck, SciClone, Glaxo SmithKline, Three Rivers, J&J, and Regulus and has received funding through his institution from Roche (Genentech), Schering (Merck), Vertex, Gilead, Bristol-Meyers Squibb, SciClone, Anadys. L.T. has received grant funding through her institution from the National Institute on Drug Abuse [k23DA020383-01] and the National Institutes of Health, Lifespan/Tufts/Brown Center for AIDS Research [P30AI42853]; is a consultant for Vertex; has received payment for lectures/speaker's bureau from Genetech/Roche; and has received grant funding through her institution grant from Roche and Vertex. All other authors: no conflicts. NR 46 TC 39 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 2 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD MAR 1 PY 2011 VL 52 IS 5 BP 674 EP 680 DI 10.1093/cid/ciq199 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 716RR UT WOS:000286991700024 PM 21248367 ER PT J AU Yeargin-Allsopp, M AF Yeargin-Allsopp, Marshalyn TI Distribution of motor types in cerebral palsy: how do registry data compare? SO DEVELOPMENTAL MEDICINE AND CHILD NEUROLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, NCBDDD, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Yeargin-Allsopp, M (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, NCBDDD, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0012-1622 J9 DEV MED CHILD NEUROL JI Dev. Med. Child Neurol. PD MAR PY 2011 VL 53 IS 3 BP 199 EP 200 DI 10.1111/j.1469-8749.2010.03855.x PG 4 WC Clinical Neurology; Pediatrics SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pediatrics GA 716CD UT WOS:000286941600006 PM 21291462 ER PT J AU Ford, ES Zhao, GX Tsai, J Li, CY AF Ford, Earl S. Zhao, Guixiang Tsai, James Li, Chaoyang TI Associations Between Concentrations of Vitamin D and Concentrations of Insulin, Glucose, and HbA(1c) Among Adolescents in the United States SO DIABETES CARE LA English DT Article ID D DEFICIENCY; CHILDREN; SENSITIVITY; POPULATION; METABOLISM; HEALTH; CELLS AB OBJECTIVE-Our objective was to examine the associations between concentrations of vitamin D and concentrations of insulin, glucose, and HbA(1c) in a nationally representative sample of adolescents in the U.S. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS-We used data for 1,941 adolescents, aged 12-17 years, who participated in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey between 2001 and 2006. RESULTS-Adjusted concentrations of insulin were similar to 24% lower among male subjects with a concentration of vitamin D >= 75 nmol/L than among male subjects with a concentration of vitamin D < 50 nmol/L (P = 0.003). Concentrations of vitamin D were inversely associated with concentrations of glucose only among Mexican American male subjects (P = 0.007). No significant associations between concentrations of vitamin D and HbA(1c) were detected. CONCLUSIONS-Our results support an inverse association between concentrations of vitamin D and insulin primarily in adolescent male subjects. C1 [Ford, Earl S.; Zhao, Guixiang; Tsai, James; Li, Chaoyang] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Ford, ES (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM eford@cdc.gov NR 14 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER DIABETES ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1701 N BEAUREGARD ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22311-1717 USA SN 0149-5992 J9 DIABETES CARE JI Diabetes Care PD MAR PY 2011 VL 34 IS 3 BP 646 EP 648 DI 10.2337/dc10-1754 PG 3 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 731YA UT WOS:000288145400023 PM 21273498 ER PT J AU Perri, BR Proops, D Moonan, PK Munsiff, SS Kreiswirth, BN Kurepina, N Goranson, C Ahuja, SD AF Perri, Bianca R. Proops, Douglas Moonan, Patrick K. Munsiff, Sonal S. Kreiswirth, Barry N. Kurepina, Natalia Goranson, Christopher Ahuja, Shama D. TI Mycobacterium tuberculosis Cluster with Developing Drug Resistance, New York, New York, USA, 2003-2009 SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID CONTACT INVESTIGATIONS; ISONIAZID-RESISTANT; SOCIAL NETWORK; UNITED-STATES; OUTBREAK; TRANSMISSION; EPIDEMIOLOGY; MEMBERS AB In 2004, identification of patients infected with the same Mycobacterium tuberculosis strain in New York, New York, USA, resulted in an outbreak investigation. The investigation involved data collection and analysis, establishing links between patients, and forming transmission hypotheses. Fifty-four geographically clustered cases were identified during 2003-2009. Initially, the M. tuberculosis strain was drug susceptible. However, in 2006, isoniazid resistance emerged, resulting in isoniazid-resistant M. tuberculosis among 17(31%) patients. Compared with patients with drug-susceptible M. tuberculosis, a greater proportion of patients with isoniazid-resistant M. tuberculosis were US born and had a history of illegal drug use. No patients named one another as contacts. We used patient photographs to identify links between patients. Three links were associated with drug use among patients infected with isoniazid-resistant M. tuberculosis. The photographic method would have been more successful if used earlier in the investigation. Name-based contact investigation might not identify all contacts, particularly when illegal drug use is involved. C1 [Perri, Bianca R.] New York City Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, Bur TB Control, New York, NY 10007 USA. [Perri, Bianca R.; Moonan, Patrick K.; Munsiff, Sonal S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Kreiswirth, Barry N.; Kurepina, Natalia] TB Ctr, Publ Hlth Res Inst, Newark, NJ USA. RP Perri, BR (reprint author), New York City Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, Bur TB Control, 225 Broadway,22nd Floor,CN-72B, New York, NY 10007 USA. EM bperri@health.nyc.gov RI Moonan, Patrick/F-4307-2014; OI Moonan, Patrick/0000-0002-3550-2065 FU New York City Bureau of Tuberculosis Control FX This study was supported by New York City Bureau of Tuberculosis Control program funds. NR 31 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 1 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD MAR PY 2011 VL 17 IS 3 BP 372 EP 378 DI 10.3201/eid1703.101002 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 731YP UT WOS:000288147000006 PM 21392426 ER PT J AU Vinnard, C Winston, CA Wileyto, EP MacGregor, RR Bisson, GP AF Vinnard, Christopher Winston, Carla A. Wileyto, E. Paul MacGregor, Rob Roy Bisson, Gregory P. TI Isoniazid-Resistant Tuberculous Meningitis, United States, 1993-2005 SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID MONORESISTANT TUBERCULOSIS; HIV AB To determine patient characteristics associated with isoniazid resistance in cases of tuberculous meningitis, we conducted a cross-sectional study by using data from the US National Tuberculosis Surveillance System during 1993-2005. Foreign-born patients were more likely to be infected with an isoniazid-resistant strain. C1 [Vinnard, Christopher] Univ Penn, Div Infect Dis, Sch Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Winston, Carla A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Vinnard, C (reprint author), Univ Penn, Div Infect Dis, Sch Med, 502 Johnson Pavil,3610 Hamilton Walk, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. EM christopher.vinnard@uphs.upenn.edu NR 11 TC 5 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD MAR PY 2011 VL 17 IS 3 BP 539 EP 542 DI 10.3201/eid1703.101715 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 731YP UT WOS:000288147000034 PM 21392454 ER PT J AU Schultz, MG AF Schultz, Myron G. TI Robert Koch SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Biographical-Item C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Schultz, MG (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mailstop E31,1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM mgs1@cdc.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD MAR PY 2011 VL 17 IS 3 BP 548 EP 549 DI 10.3201/eid1703101881 PG 2 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 731YP UT WOS:000288147000036 ER PT J AU Potter, P AF Potter, Polyxeni TI From My Rotting Body, Flowers Shall Grow, and I Am in Them, and That Is Eternity SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Potter, P (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop D61, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM PMPI@cdc.gov NR 7 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU CENTERS DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA 1600 CLIFTON RD, ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD MAR PY 2011 VL 17 IS 3 BP 573 EP 574 DI 10.3201/eid1703.AC1703 PG 2 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 731YP UT WOS:000288147000049 ER PT J AU Glasser, JW Hupert, N McCauley, MM Hatchett, R AF Glasser, John W. Hupert, Nathaniel McCauley, Mary M. Hatchett, Richard TI Modeling and public health emergency responses: Lessons from SARS SO EPIDEMICS LA English DT Article DE Decision support modeling; Theoretical modeling; Emerging infectious diseases; Emergency preparedness ID ACUTE RESPIRATORY SYNDROME; EMERGING INFECTIOUS-DISEASES; TRANSMISSION DYNAMICS; HONG-KONG; OUTBREAK; SMALLPOX; VACCINATION; INFLUENZA; EPIDEMIC; INTERVENTIONS AB Modelers published thoughtful articles after the 2003 SARS crisis, but had limited if any real-time impact on the global response and may even have inadvertently contributed to a lingering misunderstanding of the means by which the epidemic was controlled. The impact of any intervention depends on its efficiency as well as efficacy, and efficient isolation of infected individuals before they become symptomatic is difficult to imagine. Nonetheless, in exploring the possible impact of quarantine, the product of efficiency and efficacy was varied over the entire unit interval. Another mistake was repeatedly fitting otherwise appropriate gamma distributions to times to event regardless of whether they were stationary or not, particularly onset-isolation intervals whose progressive reduction evidently contributed to SARS control. By virtue of their unknown biology, newly-emerging diseases are more challenging than familiar human scourges. Influenza, for example, recurs annually and has been modeled more thoroughly than any other infectious disease. Moreover, models were integrated into preparedness exercises, during which working relationships were established that bore fruit during the 2009 A/H1N1 pandemic. To provide the most accurate and timely advice possible, especially about the possible impact of measures designed to control diseases caused by novel human pathogens, we must appreciate the value and difficulty of policy-oriented modeling. Effective communication of insights gleaned from modeling SARS will help to ensure that policymakers involve modelers in future outbreaks of newly-emerging infectious diseases. Accordingly, we illustrate the increasingly timely care-seeking by which, together with increasingly accurate diagnoses and effective isolation, SARS was controlled via heuristic arguments and descriptive analyses of familiar observations. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Glasser, John W.; Hupert, Nathaniel; McCauley, Mary M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Hupert, Nathaniel] Weill Cornell Med Coll, New York, NY USA. [Hatchett, Richard] NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Glasser, JW (reprint author), 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mail Stop A-34, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM jglasser@cdc.gov NR 33 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1755-4365 J9 EPIDEMICS-NETH JI Epidemics PD MAR PY 2011 VL 3 IS 1 BP 32 EP 37 DI 10.1016/j.epidem.2011.01.001 PG 6 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 898AC UT WOS:000300706200004 PM 21420657 ER PT J AU Khoury, MJ AF Khoury, Muin J. TI Public health genomics: The end of the beginning SO GENETICS IN MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material ID GENETIC TESTS; UNITED-STATES; PREVENTION; CARE; RECOMMENDATIONS; COMMITTEE; EDUCATION; NEWBORNS; MEDICINE; SERVICES C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Publ Hlth Genom, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Khoury, MJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Publ Hlth Genom, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM mkhoury@cdc.gov NR 24 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1098-3600 J9 GENET MED JI Genet. Med. PD MAR PY 2011 VL 13 IS 3 BP 206 EP 209 DI 10.1097/GIM.0b013e31821024ca PG 4 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 726CB UT WOS:000287694800010 PM 21311338 ER PT J AU Potvin, L Juneau, CE Jones, CM McQueen, DV AF Potvin, Louise Juneau, Carl-Etienne Jones, Catherine M. McQueen, David V. TI How is evidence used for planning, implementation and evaluation of health promotion? A global collection of case studies SO GLOBAL HEALTH PROMOTION LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Potvin, Louise; Juneau, Carl-Etienne] Univ Montreal, Fac Med, Dept Med Sociale & Prevent, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada. [Potvin, Louise; Juneau, Carl-Etienne] Univ Montreal, Inst Rech Sante Publ, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada. [Potvin, Louise; Juneau, Carl-Etienne] Ctr Lea Roback Rech Inegalites Sociales Sante Mon, Montreal, PQ, Canada. [Jones, Catherine M.; McQueen, David V.] IUHPE, Paris, France. [McQueen, David V.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Potvin, L (reprint author), Univ Montreal, Fac Med, Dept Med Sociale & Prevent, CP 6128,Succursale Ctr Ville, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada. EM louise.potvin@umontreal.ca NR 7 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 5 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 1757-9759 J9 GLOB HEALTH PROMOT JI Glob. Health Promot. PD MAR PY 2011 VL 18 IS 1 SI SI BP 7 EP 8 DI 10.1177/1757975910393161 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 993RQ UT WOS:000307877700002 PM 21721291 ER PT J AU Sleet, DA Mercer, SL Cole, KH Shults, RA Elder, RW Nichols, JL AF Sleet, David A. Mercer, Shawna L. Cole, Krista Hopkins Shults, Ruth A. Elder, Randy W. Nichols, James L. TI Scientific evidence and policy change: lowering the legal blood alcohol limit for drivers to 0.08% in the USA SO GLOBAL HEALTH PROMOTION LA English DT Article DE alcohol drinking; evidence-based practice; health promotion; organizational case studies; public health AB The United States (US) Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), and key partners conducted a systematic review of the effectiveness of 0.08% blood alcohol concentration (BAC) laws on alcohol-related traffic mortality. Review findings of strong evidence of effectiveness were presented by partners during US Congressional hearings contributing to the passage of a bill requiring states to lower the legal BAC limit to 0.08% (80 mg of alcohol/100 ml of blood) or lose a portion of their federal highway funds. The bill was signed into law, making 0.08 the new national standard. Extensive and targeted dissemination of the evidence and recommendations to key stakeholders and partners built support for policy change at the state level. (Global Health Promotion, 2011; 18(1): pp. 23-26) C1 [Sleet, David A.; Mercer, Shawna L.; Cole, Krista Hopkins; Shults, Ruth A.; Elder, Randy W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Cole, Krista Hopkins] McKing Consulting Corp, Fairfax, VA USA. [Nichols, James L.] US Dept Transportat, Washington, DC USA. RP Sleet, DA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM DDs6@cdc.gov NR 9 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 5 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 1757-9759 J9 GLOB HEALTH PROMOT JI Glob. Health Promot. PD MAR PY 2011 VL 18 IS 1 SI SI BP 23 EP 26 DI 10.1177/1757975910393707 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 993RQ UT WOS:000307877700007 PM 21721296 ER PT J AU Howell, SL Tucker, P Liburd, L AF Howell, Shawna L. Tucker, Pattie Liburd, Leandris TI Environmental and policy approaches to increasing physical activity Improving access to places for physical activity and dissemination of information SO GLOBAL HEALTH PROMOTION LA English DT Article DE African Americans; evidence-based practice; exercise; health promotion; organizational case studies; public health AB The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's (CDC) Racial and Ethnic Approaches to Community Health (REACH) program funded 40 communities in the United States during 1999-2007. Three of these communities implemented interventions to increase physical activity among African Americans. This case study looks at these interventions and the evidence-based recommendations from the CDC's Community Guide for Preventive Services. These recommendations address creating or improving access to physical activity and the dissemination of information via media campaigns. Findings suggest that although the evidence could not be applied in every respect, culturally-tailored change strategies can meet unique characteristics of African Americans with or at risk for heart disease and may contribute to increased physical activity. (Global Health Promotion, 2011; 18(1): pp. 43-46) C1 [Howell, Shawna L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Howell, Shawna L.] ASPH, Washington, DC USA. RP Howell, SL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Div Adult & Community Hlth, 4770 Buford Highway,Mailstop K-30, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM SHowell@cdc.gov NR 3 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 6 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 1757-9759 J9 GLOB HEALTH PROMOT JI Glob. Health Promot. PD MAR PY 2011 VL 18 IS 1 SI SI BP 43 EP 46 DI 10.1177/1757975910393170 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 993RQ UT WOS:000307877700012 PM 21721300 ER PT J AU Juneau, CE Jones, CM McQueen, DV Potvin, L AF Juneau, Carl-Etienne Jones, Catherine M. McQueen, David V. Potvin, Louise TI Evidence-based health promotion: an emerging field SO GLOBAL HEALTH PROMOTION LA English DT Editorial Material DE evidence-based practice; health promotion; organizational case studies; public health ID POPULATIONS AB There is much debate around the use of evidence in health promotion practice. This article aims to sharpen our understanding of this matter by reviewing and analyzing the 26 case studies presented in this special issue. These case studies suggest that health promotion practitioners are using a wide range of research evidence in interventions for high-risk individuals, entire populations, and vulnerable groups according to all five strategies for action described in the Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion. In nearly every case, practitioners had to mediate and adapt research evidence for their case. Eight key levers helped practitioners embed research evidence into practice: local and cultural relevance of the evidence, community capacity-building, sustained dialogue from the outset with all stakeholders, established academic-supported partnerships, communication that responds to organizational and political readiness, acknowledgement and awareness of gaps between evidence and practice, advocacy, and adequate earmarked resources. These case studies provide some evidence that there is an evidence-based health promotion, that this evidence base is broad, and that practitioners use different strategies to adapt it for their case. (Global Health Promotion, 2011; 18(1): pp. 79-89) C1 [Potvin, Louise] Univ Montreal, Fac Med, Dept Med Sociale & Prevent, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada. [Juneau, Carl-Etienne; Potvin, Louise] Univ Montreal, Inst Rech Sante Publ, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada. [Juneau, Carl-Etienne; Potvin, Louise] Ctr Lea Roback Rech Inegalites Sociales Sante Mon, Montreal, PQ, Canada. [Jones, Catherine M.; McQueen, David V.] Int Union Hlth Promot & Educ, St Denis, France. [McQueen, David V.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Potvin, L (reprint author), Univ Montreal, Fac Med, Dept Med Sociale & Prevent, CP 6128,Succursale Ctr Ville, Montreal, PQ H3C 3J7, Canada. EM louise.potvin@umontreal.ca NR 20 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 8 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 1757-9759 J9 GLOB HEALTH PROMOT JI Glob. Health Promot. PD MAR PY 2011 VL 18 IS 1 SI SI BP 79 EP 89 DI 10.1177/1757975910394035 PG 11 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 993RQ UT WOS:000307877700021 PM 21721308 ER PT J AU Cattamanchi, A Smith, R Steingart, KR Metcalfe, JZ Date, A Coleman, C Marston, BJ Huang, L Hopewell, PC Pai, M AF Cattamanchi, Adithya Smith, Rachel Steingart, Karen R. Metcalfe, John Z. Date, Anand Coleman, Courtney Marston, Barbara J. Huang, Laurence Hopewell, Philip C. Pai, Madhukar TI Interferon-Gamma Release Assays for the Diagnosis of Latent Tuberculosis Infection in HIV-Infected Individuals: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis SO JAIDS-JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES LA English DT Review DE latent tuberculosis infection; systematic review; interferon-gamma release assay; HIV infection; tuberculin skin test ID CELL-BASED ASSAYS; GOLD IN-TUBE; ACTIVE TUBERCULOSIS; PROSPECTIVE COHORT; TEST ACCURACY; SKIN-TEST; ADULTS; TESTS; IMMUNODIAGNOSIS; PERFORMANCE AB Objective: To determine whether interferon-gamma release assays (IGRAs) improve the identification of HIV-infected individuals who could benefit from latent tuberculosis infection therapy. Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Methods: We searched multiple databases through May 2010 for studies evaluating the performance of the newest commercial IGRAs (QuantiFERON-TB Gold In-Tube [QFT-GIT] and T-SPOT. TB [TSPOT]) in HIV-infected individuals. We assessed the quality of all studies included in the review, summarized results in prespecified subgroups using forest plots, and where appropriate, calculated pooled estimates using random effects models. Results: The search identified 37 studies that included 5736 HIV-infected individuals. In three longitudinal studies, the risk of active tuberculosis was higher in HIV-infected individuals with positive versus negative IGRA results. However, the risk difference was not statistically significant in the two studies that reported IGRA results according to manufacturer-recommended criteria. In persons with active tuberculosis (a surrogate reference standard for latent tuberculosis infection), pooled sensitivity estimates were heterogeneous but higher for TSPOT (72%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 62-81%) than for QFT-GIT (61%; 95% CI, 47-75%) in low-/middle-income countries. However, neither IGRA was consistently more sensitive than the tuberculin skin test in head-to-head comparisons. Although TSPOT appeared to be less affected by immunosuppression than QFT-GIT and the tuberculin skin test, overall, differences among the three tests were small or in conclusive. Conclusions: Current evidence suggests that IGRAs perform similarly to the tuberculin skin test at identifying HIV-infected individuals with latent tuberculosis infection. Given that both tests have modest predictive value and suboptimal sensitivity, the decision to use either test should be based on country guidelines and resource and logistic considerations. C1 [Cattamanchi, Adithya; Smith, Rachel; Metcalfe, John Z.; Huang, Laurence; Hopewell, Philip C.] Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco Gen Hosp, Div Pulm & Crit Care Med, San Francisco, CA USA. [Cattamanchi, Adithya; Steingart, Karen R.; Metcalfe, John Z.; Hopewell, Philip C.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Curry Int TB Ctr, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Date, Anand; Coleman, Courtney; Marston, Barbara J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global HIV AIDS, Atlanta, GA USA. [Huang, Laurence] Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco Gen Hosp, Div HIV AIDS, San Francisco, CA USA. [Pai, Madhukar] McGill Univ, Dept Epidemiol Biostat & Occupat Hlth, Montreal, PQ H3A 1A2, Canada. RP Pai, M (reprint author), McGill Univ, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, 1020 Pine Ave W, Montreal, PQ H3A 1A2, Canada. EM madhukar.pai@mcgill.ca FU UNICEF-UNDP-World Bank-WHO; Stop TB Partnership's New Diagnostics Working Group; National Institutes of Health [K23HL094141]; Canadian Institutes for Health Research [MOP-81362, MOP-89918] FX This work was supported in part by UNICEF-UNDP-World Bank-WHO Special Programme for Research and Training in Tropical Diseases (TDR), the Stop TB Partnership's New Diagnostics Working Group, the National Institutes of Health (K23HL094141), and the Canadian Institutes for Health Research (MOP-81362 and MOP-89918). NR 54 TC 131 Z9 136 U1 0 U2 15 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1525-4135 J9 JAIDS-J ACQ IMM DEF JI JAIDS PD MAR PY 2011 VL 56 IS 3 BP 230 EP 238 DI 10.1097/QAI.0b013e31820b07ab PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 728HD UT WOS:000287864300019 PM 21239993 ER PT J AU McRee, AL Reiter, PL Gottlieb, SL Brewer, NT AF McRee, Annie-Laurie Reiter, Paul L. Gottlieb, Sami L. Brewer, Noel T. TI Mother-Daughter Communication About HPV Vaccine SO JOURNAL OF ADOLESCENT HEALTH LA English DT Article DE HPV; HPV vaccine; Parent-child communication AB Purpose: Parent-child conversations about human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine may provide parents with the opportunity to talk with their daughters about sexual health. We sought to characterize mothers' communication with their adolescent daughters about HPV vaccine. Methods: We surveyed 609 mothers of girls aged between 11 and 20 years living in North Carolina in Fall 2008. We used logistic regression to identify the correlates of mother-daughter communication. Results: Most mothers (81%) reported having discussed HPV vaccine with their daughters. For almost half of these families (47%), discussion of HPV vaccine led to a conversation about sex. This was more common among mothers who believed that their daughters may be sexually active (odds ratio [OR]: 1.88; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.25-2.83), had greater knowledge of HPV vaccine (OR: 2.46; 95% CI: 1.07-5.64), lived in urban areas (OR: 1.75; 95% CI: 1.21-2.54), or reported being born-again Christians (OR: 1.74; 95% CI: 1.17-2.58). Most mothers who talked with their daughters about HPV vaccine reported having discussed the reasons for and against getting vaccinated (86%). Mothers most commonly reported having discussed the potential HPV vaccine benefits, usually protection against cervical cancer (56%), and less frequently reported having discussed the perceived disadvantages of HPV vaccine. Conclusions: HPV vaccine conversations may provide opportunities for sexual health promotion and sexually transmitted infection (STI) prevention. (C) 2011 Society for Adolescent Health and Medicine. All rights reserved. C1 [McRee, Annie-Laurie; Reiter, Paul L.; Brewer, Noel T.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Hlth Behav & Hlth Educ, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Reiter, Paul L.; Brewer, Noel T.] Univ N Carolina, Lineberger Comprehens Canc Ctr, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Gottlieb, Sami L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP McRee, AL (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Dept Hlth Behav & Hlth Educ, Gillings Sch Global Publ Hlth, 325 Rosenau Hall,CB 7440, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. EM almcree@email.unc.edu RI McRee, Annie/J-3077-2013 FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [S3715-25/25]; American Cancer Society [MSRG-06-259-01-CPPB]; Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center [R25 CA57726] FX This study was supported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (S3715-25/25), the American Cancer Society (MSRG-06-259-01-CPPB) and the Cancer Control Education Program at Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center (R25 CA57726). Portions of this paper were presented at the 2009 Annual Meeting of the American Public Health Association. The authors thank Jennifer Smith, Lauri Markowitz, Nicole Liddon, Robert Agans, and the staff and interviewers at the UNC Survey Research Unit for their assistance in planning and conducting the survey. NR 9 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1054-139X J9 J ADOLESCENT HEALTH JI J. Adolesc. Health PD MAR PY 2011 VL 48 IS 3 BP 314 EP 317 DI 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2010.07.006 PG 4 WC Psychology, Developmental; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pediatrics SC Psychology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pediatrics GA 723AN UT WOS:000287478300017 PM 21338906 ER PT J AU Nguyen, KH Boulay, E Peng, J AF Nguyen, Kimberly H. Boulay, Eileen Peng, Justin TI Quality-of-Life and Cost-Benefit Analysis of a Home Environmental Assessment Program in Connecticut SO JOURNAL OF ASTHMA LA English DT Article DE asthma; cost-benefit analysis; environmental exposure; intervention studies; quality-of-life ID RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; ASTHMA; INTERVENTION; CHILDREN; IMPROVE; RISK AB Background. The National Asthma Education Prevention Program's (NAEPP) Expert Panel Report 3 (EPR3) guidelines have stressed the need for environmental control measures for asthma, but there is limited evidence of their efficacy. Objective. To examine the effectiveness of an in-home asthma intervention program for children and adults in Connecticut, we conducted a panel study to analyze quality-of-life indicators for asthmatic patients and the cost--benefit relationship in preventive care versus acute care. Methods. The Asthma Indoor Reduction Strategies (AIRS) program was developed to reduce acute asthma episodes and improve asthma control through patient education and a home environmental assessment. Follow-up was conducted at 2-week, 3-month, and 6-month intervals. Measured quality-of-life indicators included number of unscheduled acute care visits, days absent from school//work due to asthma, times rescue inhaler used, and number of symptom-free days. Repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to determine whether significant differences exist in quality-of-life indicators at follow-up compared to that at the initial visit. Cost--benefit analysis was conducted by tabulating costs associated with physician office visits and emergency department (ED) visits due to asthma for children and adults separately. Results. Twenty percent of participants in the program met the criteria for well-controlled asthma, 16%% for not well-controlled asthma, and 64%% for very poorly controlled asthma. At 6 months follow-up, the mean number of unscheduled acute care visits, days absent from school//work due to asthma, and times rescue inhaler used in the past week decreased by 87%%, 82%%, and 74%%, respectively, whereas the mean number of symptom-free days increased by 27%% compared to the initial visit. Furthermore, the percent of participants with very poorly controlled asthma decreased from 64%% at initial visit to 13%% at 6 months follow-up. All changes were statistically significant at p < 0.05. A net savings of $$26,720 per 100 participants was estimated at 6 months follow-up due to decreases in unscheduled acute care visits for adults and children. Conclusion. Significant improvement in quality-of-life and decreases in healthcare resource utilization and costs were found after implementation of the AIRS program in Connecticut.= 20 years who participated in NHANES 1999-2002 were used. Results: The prevalence of low Hb (defined as <120 and <118 g/L in women aged 20-69 and >= 70 years, respectively, and <137, <133, and <124 g/L in men aged 20-49, 50-69, and >= 70 years, respectively) was 5.5%. There was a significant positive correlation between Hb concentrations and HbA1c concentrations after adjusting for age, gender, and race or ethnicity, with HbA1c rising from a mean of 5.28% among participants with Hb <100 g/L to 5.72% among participants with Hb >= 170 g/L. The adjusted mean concentrations of HbA1c were 5.56% and 5.46% among participants with and without iron deficiency, respectively (P = 0.095). However, there was no evidence of differences in the relationship between fasting glucose and HbA1c when groups of anemic and non-anemic individuals with and without iron deficiency were examined individually. Conclusions: Caution should be used when diagnosing diabetes and prediabetes among people with high or low Hb when the HbA1c level is near 6.5% or 5.7%, respectively, as changes in erythrocyte turnover may alter the test result. However, the trend for HbA1c to increase with iron deficiency does not appear to require screening for iron deficiency in ascertaining the reliability of HbA1c in the diagnosis of diabetes and prediabetes in a given individual. C1 [Ford, Earl S.; Li, Chaoyang] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Cowie, Catherine C.] NIDDKD, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Handelsman, Yehuda] Metab Inst Amer, Tarzana, CA USA. [Bloomgarden, Zachary T.] Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Med, New York, NY USA. RP Ford, ES (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Highway,MS K66, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM Eford@cdc.gov NR 19 TC 28 Z9 29 U1 1 U2 6 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 1753-0393 J9 J DIABETES JI J. Diabetes PD MAR PY 2011 VL 3 IS 1 BP 67 EP 73 DI 10.1111/j.1753-0407.2010.00100.x PG 7 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 982RO UT WOS:000307063300010 PM 20942846 ER PT J AU Anderson, WL Wiener, JM Finkelstein, EA Armour, BS AF Anderson, Wayne L. Wiener, Joshua M. Finkelstein, Eric A. Armour, Brian S. TI Estimates of National Health Care Expenditures Associated With Disability SO JOURNAL OF DISABILITY POLICY STUDIES LA English DT Article DE disability; health care; long-term care; Medicare; Medicaid ID LONG-TERM-CARE; SECONDARY CONDITIONS; PHYSICAL-DISABILITIES; ADULTS; SERVICES; ACCESS; WOMEN; POPULATION; PREVALENCE; DEPENDENCE AB We estimated adult national health care expenditures associated with disability by type of care and payer. These estimates represent the "additional" health care expenditures associated with disability over and above any non-disability-related health care expenditures. Multivariate analyses were performed using the Medical Expenditure Panel Survey, and supplemented with administrative data. Total national disability-associated health care expenditures (DAHE) were $397.9 billion in 2006, representing 26.7 percent of national health spending. Expenditures for people in institutions, such as nursing facilities, were the largest category of DAHE. In terms of source of payment, Medicaid DAHE were the highest at $161.1 billion, followed by Medicare DAHE with $119.0 billion. Together, the Medicare and Medicaid programs incurred 70.4 percent of total health care dollars associated with disability. Policy makers should consider initiatives that will help to prevent or delay disability and to improve the organization and delivery of services to people with disabilities. C1 [Anderson, Wayne L.] RTI Int, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Wiener, Joshua M.] RTI Int, Aging Disabil & Long Term Care, Washington, DC USA. [Finkelstein, Eric A.] Duke Natl Univ Singapore, Sch Med, Hlth Serv & Syst Res Program, Singapore, Singapore. [Armour, Brian S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Anderson, WL (reprint author), RTI Int, POB 12194, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM wlanderson@rti.org NR 46 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 1 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 1044-2073 J9 J DISABIL POLICY STU JI J. Disabil. Policy Stud. PD MAR PY 2011 VL 21 IS 4 BP 230 EP 240 DI 10.1177/1044207310391407 PG 11 WC Rehabilitation SC Rehabilitation GA 054TR UT WOS:000312367200004 ER PT J AU Butler, LM Were, WA Balinandi, S Downing, R Dollard, S Neilands, TB Gupta, S Rutherford, GW Mermin, J AF Butler, Lisa M. Were, Willy A. Balinandi, Steven Downing, Robert Dollard, Sheila Neilands, Torsten B. Gupta, Sundeep Rutherford, George W. Mermin, Jonathan TI Human Herpesvirus 8 Infection in Children and Adults in a Population-based Study in Rural Uganda SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID HEPATITIS-B-VIRUS; MOTHER-TO-CHILD; KAPOSIS-SARCOMA; RISK-FACTORS; SEXUAL TRANSMISSION; HOMOSEXUAL-MEN; DNA-SEQUENCES; SOUTH-AFRICA; SEROPREVALENCE; SEROPOSITIVITY AB Methods. Participants were 1383 children and 1477 adults from a population-based sample in a rural community in Uganda. Serum samples were tested for HHV-8 antibodies with use of an enzyme immunoassay against K8.1. Results. HHV-8 seroprevalence increased from 16% among children aged 1.5-2 years to 32% among children aged 10-13 years (P <.001) and from 37% among participants aged 14-19 years to 49% among adults aged >= 50 years (P <.05). HHV-8 seropositivity in children was independently associated with residing with a seropositive parent (P < .001) and residing with >= 1 other seropositive child aged < 14 years (P < .001). History of sharing food and/or sauce plates was marginally associated with HHV-8 infection in children (P = .05). Among 1404 participants aged >= 15 years , there was no association between correlates of sexual behavior (eg, number of lifetime sex partners and HIV infection) and HHV-8 seropositivity (P > .10). Conclusions. Our data suggest that HHV-8 is acquired primarily through horizontal transmission in childhood from intrafamilial contacts and that transmission continues into adulthood potentially through nonsexual routes. C1 [Butler, Lisa M.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, San Francisco, CA 94105 USA. [Were, Willy A.; Balinandi, Steven; Downing, Robert; Gupta, Sundeep] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC Uganda, Global AIDS Program, Entebbe, Uganda. [Dollard, Sheila] CDC, Div Viral Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Neilands, Torsten B.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Ctr AIDS Prevent Studies, San Francisco, CA 94105 USA. [Mermin, Jonathan] CDC, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Butler, LM (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, 50 Beale St,Ste 1200, San Francisco, CA 94105 USA. EM lbutler@psg.ucsf.edu RI Mermin, Jonathan/J-9847-2012 FU CDC; National Institute of Child Health and Human Development [K01 HD052020] FX This work was supported by the Global AIDS Program, CDC, and the National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (K01 HD052020 to LMB). NR 46 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD MAR 1 PY 2011 VL 203 IS 5 BP 625 EP 634 DI 10.1093/infdis/jiq092 PG 10 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 717FD UT WOS:000287028000009 PM 21273188 ER PT J AU Denison, AM Blau, DM Jost, HA Jones, T Rollin, D Gao, RB Liu, L Bhatnagar, J Deleon-Carnes, M Shieh, WJ Paddock, CD Drew, C Adem, P Emery, SL Shu, B Wu, KH Batten, B Greer, PW Smith, CS Bartlett, J Montague, JL Patel, M Xu, XY Lindstrom, S Klimov, AI Zaki, SR AF Denison, Amy M. Blau, Dianna M. Jost, Heather A. Jones, Tara Rollin, Dominique Gao, Rongbao Liu, Lindy Bhatnagar, Julu Deleon-Carnes, Marlene Shieh, Wun-Ju Paddock, Christopher D. Drew, Clifton Adem, Patricia Emery, Shannon L. Shu, Bo Wu, Kai-Hui Batten, Brigid Greer, Patricia W. Smith, Chalanda S. Bartlett, Jeanine Montague, Jeltley L. Patel, Mitesh Xu, Xiyan Lindstrom, Stephen Klimov, Alexander I. Zaki, Sherif R. TI Diagnosis of Influenza from Respiratory Autopsy Tissues Detection of Virus by Real-Time Reverse Transcription-PCR in 222 Cases SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR DIAGNOSTICS LA English DT Article ID POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; TIME RT-PCR; REVERSE TRANSCRIPTION-PCR; PARAFFIN-EMBEDDED TISSUE; A H1N1 VIRUS; INFECTIOUS-DISEASE; SYNCYTIAL VIRUS; RAPID DIAGNOSIS; UNITED-STATES; RNA AB The recent influenza pandemic, caused by a novel H1N1 influenza A virus, as well as the seasonal influenza outbreaks caused by varieties of influenza A and B viruses, are responsible for hundreds of thousands of deaths worldwide. Few studies have evaluated the utility of real-time reverse transcription-PCR to detect influenza virus RNA from formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues obtained at autopsy. In this work, respiratory autopsy tissues from 442 suspect influenza cases were tested by real-time reverse transcription-PCR for seasonal influenza A and B and 2009 pandemic influenza A (H1N1) viruses and the results were compared to those obtained by immunohistochemistry. In total, 222 cases were positive by real-time reverse transcription-PCR, and of 218 real-time, reverse transcription-PCR-positive cases also tested by immunohistochemistry, only 107 were positive. Although formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues can be used for diagnosis, frozen tissues offer the best chance to make a postmortem diagnosis of influenza because these tissues possess nucleic acids that are less degraded and, as a consequence, provide longer sequence information than that obtained from fixed tissues. We also determined that testing of all available respiratory tissues is critical for optimal detection of influenza virus in postmortem tissues. (J Mol Diagn 2011, 13:123-128; DOI: 10.1016/j.jmoldx.2010.09.004) C1 [Denison, Amy M.; Blau, Dianna M.; Jost, Heather A.; Jones, Tara; Rollin, Dominique; Liu, Lindy; Bhatnagar, Julu; Deleon-Carnes, Marlene; Shieh, Wun-Ju; Paddock, Christopher D.; Drew, Clifton; Adem, Patricia; Batten, Brigid; Greer, Patricia W.; Smith, Chalanda S.; Bartlett, Jeanine; Montague, Jeltley L.; Patel, Mitesh; Zaki, Sherif R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Infect Dis Pathol Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Emery, Shannon L.; Shu, Bo; Wu, Kai-Hui; Xu, Xiyan; Lindstrom, Stephen; Klimov, Alexander I.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Viral Surveillance & Diagnost Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Gao, Rongbao] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Dept, Natl Inst Viral Dis Control & Prevent, Beijing, Peoples R China. RP Denison, AM (reprint author), 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS G-32, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM ADenison@cdc.gov OI Denison, Amy/0000-0002-2163-3849 NR 53 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1525-1578 J9 J MOL DIAGN JI J. Mol. Diagn. PD MAR PY 2011 VL 13 IS 2 BP 123 EP 128 DI 10.1016/j.jmoldx.2010.09.004 PG 6 WC Pathology SC Pathology GA 865JD UT WOS:000298306300002 PM 21354045 ER PT J AU Kalman, L Leonard, J Gerry, N Tarleton, J Bridges, C Gastier-Foster, JM Pyatt, RE Stonerock, E Johnson, MA Richards, CS Schrijver, I Ma, TH Miller, VR Adadevoh, Y Furlong, P Beiswanger, C Toji, L AF Kalman, Lisa Leonard, Jay Gerry, Norman Tarleton, Jack Bridges, Christina Gastier-Foster, Julie M. Pyatt, Robert E. Stonerock, Eileen Johnson, Monique A. Richards, C. Sue Schrijver, Iris Ma, Tianhui Miller, Vanessa Rangel Adadevoh, Yetsa Furlong, Pat Beiswanger, Christine Toji, Lorraine TI Quality Assurance for Duchenne and Becker Muscular Dystrophy Genetic Testing Development of a Genomic DNA Reference Material Panel SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR DIAGNOSTICS LA English DT Article ID SEQUENCE AB Duchenne and Becker muscular dystrophies (DMD/BMD) are allelic X-linked recessive disorders that affect approximately 1 in 3500 and 1 in 20,000 male individuals, respectively. Approximately 65% of patients with DMD have deletions, 7% to 10% have duplications, and 25% to 30% have point mutations in one or more of the 79 exons of the dystrophin gene. Most clinical genetics laboratories test for deletions, and some use technologies that can detect smaller mutations and duplications. Reference and quality control materials for DMD/BMD diagnostic and carrier genetic testing are not commercially available. To help address this need, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention-based Genetic Testing Reference Material Coordination Program, in collaboration with members of the genetic testing and the DMD/BMD patient communities and the Coriell Cell Repositories, have characterized new and existing cell lines to create a comprehensive DMD/BMD reference material panel. Samples from 31 Coriell MID cell lines from male probands and female carriers were analyzed using the Affymetrix SNP Array 6.0 and Multiplex Ligation-Dependent Probe Amplification (MRC-Holland BV, Amsterdam, the Netherlands), a multiplex PCR assay, and DNA sequence analysis. Identified were 16 cell lines with deletions, 9 with duplications, and 4 with point mutations distributed throughout the dystrophin gene. There were no discordant results within assay limitations. These samples are publicly available from Coriell Institute for Medical Research (Camden, NJ) and can be used for quality assurance, proficiency testing, test development, and research, and should help improve the accuracy of DMD testing. (J Mol Diagn 2011, 13:167-174; DOI: 10.1016/j.jmoldx.2010.11.018) C1 [Kalman, Lisa] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Lab Sci & Stand, Atlanta, GA USA. [Leonard, Jay; Gerry, Norman; Beiswanger, Christine; Toji, Lorraine] Coriell Inst Med Res, Camden, NJ USA. [Tarleton, Jack; Bridges, Christina] Fullerton Genet Ctr, Asheville, NC USA. [Gastier-Foster, Julie M.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Pediat, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Gastier-Foster, Julie M.; Pyatt, Robert E.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Pathol, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Gastier-Foster, Julie M.; Pyatt, Robert E.; Stonerock, Eileen] Nationwide Childrens Hosp, Columbus, OH USA. [Johnson, Monique A.; Richards, C. Sue] Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Dept Mol & Med Genet, Portland, OR 97201 USA. [Schrijver, Iris] Stanford Univ, Dept Pathol, Sch Med, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Ma, Tianhui] Stanford Univ, Med Ctr, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Miller, Vanessa Rangel; Adadevoh, Yetsa] Emory Univ, Dept Med Genet, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Furlong, Pat] Parent Project Muscular Dystrophy, Middletown, OH USA. RP Kalman, L (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Lab Res & Evaluat Branch, Div Lab Sci & Stand, Off Surveillance Epidemiol & Lab Serv, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mailstop G23, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM LKalman@cdc.gov RI Gastier-Foster, Julie/E-3105-2011 NR 21 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1525-1578 J9 J MOL DIAGN JI J. Mol. Diagn. PD MAR PY 2011 VL 13 IS 2 BP 167 EP 174 DI 10.1016/j.jmoldx.2010.11.018 PG 8 WC Pathology SC Pathology GA 865JD UT WOS:000298306300008 PM 21354051 ER PT J AU Cao, Y Chen, AM Jones, RL Radcliffe, J Dietrich, KN Caldwell, KL Peddada, S Rogan, WJ AF Cao, Yang Chen, Aimin Jones, Robert L. Radcliffe, Jerilynn Dietrich, Kim N. Caldwell, Kathleen L. Peddada, Shyamal Rogan, Walter J. TI Efficacy of Succimer Chelation of Mercury at Background Exposures in Toddlers: A Randomized Trial SO JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article ID PRENATAL METHYLMERCURY EXPOSURE; SEYCHELLES CHILD-DEVELOPMENT; FISH CONSUMPTION; CLINICAL-TRIAL; THERAPY; LEAD; DMSA; DMPS; AGE; ACID AB Objective To examine whether succimer, a mercaptan compound known to reduce blood lead concentration in children, reduces blood mercury concentration. Study design We used samples from a randomized clinical trial of succimer chelation for lead-exposed children. We measured mercury levels in pre-treatment samples from 767 children. We also measured mercury levels in blood samples drawn 1 week after treatment began (n = 768) and in a 20% random sample of the children who received the maximum 3 courses of treatment (n = 67). A bootstrap-based isotonic regression method was used to compare the trend with time in the difference between the adjusted mean mercury concentrations in the succimer group and that in the placebo group. Results The adjusted mean organic mercury concentration in the succimer group relative to the placebo group fell from 99% at baseline to 82% after 3 courses of treatment (P for trend = .048), but this resulted from the prevention of the age-related increase in the succimer group. Conclusion Succimer chelation for low level organic mercury exposure in children has limited efficacy. (J Pediatr 2011;158:480-5). C1 [Cao, Yang; Rogan, Walter J.] NIEHS, Epidemiol Branch, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [Cao, Yang] Second Mil Med Univ, Fac Hlth Serv, Dept Hlth Stat, Shanghai, Peoples R China. [Chen, Aimin; Dietrich, Kim N.] Univ Cincinnati, Coll Med, Dept Environm Hlth, Div Epidemiol & Biostat, Cincinnati, OH 45267 USA. [Jones, Robert L.; Caldwell, Kathleen L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Inorgan & Radiat Analyt Toxicol Branch, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Radcliffe, Jerilynn] Univ Penn, Sch Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Radcliffe, Jerilynn] Childrens Hosp Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Peddada, Shyamal] Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Biostat Branch, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. RP Rogan, WJ (reprint author), NIEHS, Epidemiol Branch, POB 12233,Mail Drop A3-05, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM rogan@niehs.nih.gov RI Peddada, Shyamal/D-1278-2012; Rogan, Walter/I-6034-2012; OI Rogan, Walter/0000-0002-9302-0160; Cao, Yang/0000-0002-3552-9153 FU National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences; National Center for Minority Health and Health Disparities at the National Institutes of Health; Center for Environmental Health at the Centers for Disease Control FX Supported by the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences Intramural Research Program, National Center for Minority Health and Health Disparities at the National Institutes of Health, and Center for Environmental Health at the Centers for Disease Control. Chemet and placebo were gifts from McNeil Labs, Fort Washington, PA. The authors declare no conflicts of interest. NR 38 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 3 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0022-3476 EI 1097-6833 J9 J PEDIATR-US JI J. Pediatr. PD MAR PY 2011 VL 158 IS 3 BP 480 EP U164 DI 10.1016/j.jpeds.2010.08.036 PG 7 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 719TI UT WOS:000287231800029 PM 20889164 ER PT J AU Mutebi, JP Delorey, MJ Jones, RC Plate, DK Gerber, SI Gibbs, KP Sun, GH Cohen, NJ Paul, WS AF Mutebi, John-Paul Delorey, Mark J. Jones, Roderick C. Plate, David K. Gerber, Susan I. Gibbs, Kevin P. Sun, Gouhe Cohen, Nicole J. Paul, William S. TI THE IMPACT OF ADULTICIDE APPLICATIONS ON MOSQUITO DENSITY IN CHICAGO, 2005 SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article DE Ground ultra-low volume; sumithrin; West Nile virus; Culex population density; maximum likelihood estimates ID URBAN CULEX-MOSQUITOS; BLOOD MEAL DIGESTION; APPLIED ULV AEROSOLS; WEST-NILE-VIRUS; NATURAL-POPULATIONS; APPARENT INFLUENCE; EFFICACY; MALATHION; RESTUANS; PIPIENS AB The city of Chicago used ground ultra-low volume treatments of sumithrin (ANVIL 10+10) in areas with high West Nile virus infection rates among Culex mosquitoes. Two sequential treatments in Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Reports wk 31 and 32 decreased mean mosquito density by 54% from 2.5 to 1.1 mosquitoes per trap-day, whereas mosquito density increased by 153% from 1.3 to 3.3 mosquitoes per trap-day at the nonsprayed sites. The difference between these changes in mosquito density was statistically significant (confidence intervals for the difference in change: -4.7 to -1.9). Sequential adulticide treatments in September (wk 34 and 35) had no effect on mosquito density, probably because it was late in the season and the mosquitoes were presumably entering diapause and less active. Overall, there was significant decrease in mosquito density at the trap sites treated in all 4 wk (wk 31, 32, 34, and 35), suggesting that sustained sequential treatments suppressed mosquito density. Maximum likelihood estimates (MLE) of infection rate estimates varied independently of adulticide treatments, suggesting that the adulticide treatments had no direct effect on MLE. Mosquito trap counts were low, which was probably due to large numbers of alternative oviposition sites, especially catch basins competing with the gravid traps. C1 [Mutebi, John-Paul; Delorey, Mark J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. [Jones, Roderick C.; Plate, David K.; Sun, Gouhe] Chicago Dept Publ Hlth, Chicago, IL 60604 USA. [Gerber, Susan I.] Cook Cty Dept Publ Hlth, Oak Pk, IL 60301 USA. [Gibbs, Kevin P.] Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL 60608 USA. [Cohen, Nicole J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Paul, William S.] Metro Publ Hlth Dept Nashville Davidson Cty, Nashville, TN 37203 USA. RP Mutebi, JP (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent CDC, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. FU Centers for Disease Control and Prevention; Illinois Department of Public Health; city of Chicago FX This work was a combined effort by the Mayor Daley's West Nile Virus Task Force in the city of Chicago. Mayor Daley's West Nile Virus Task Force consists of the following city departments: Streets and Sanitation, Water Management, Housing Authority, Transit Authority, Park District, Aging, General Services, 311 city Services, Animal Care and Control, Mayor's Office, Environment, Mayor's Press Office, Office of Budget and Management, Public Schools, Buildings, and Public Health. We thank student interns Milena Rumak and Kelly Vrablic for technical assistance in the laboratory, and Brendan Sheils, Jon Gates, Lilly Pagan, Jose Santiago, Alif Khan, Terrell Walsh, Jason Dickens, and Matt Jadrey for technical assistance in the field. We also thank Joel McCullough, Claudia Blanco, and Marguerite Carter for administrative assistance. We thank Clarke Mosquito Control for carrying out the adulticiding treatments. Lastly, we thank the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the Illinois Department of Public Health, and the city of Chicago for financial assistance. NR 19 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 5 PU AMER MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOC PI MOUNT LAUREL PA 15000 COMMERCE PARKWAY, SUITE C, MOUNT LAUREL, NJ 08054 USA SN 8756-971X J9 J AM MOSQUITO CONTR JI J. Am. Mosq. Control Assoc. PD MAR PY 2011 VL 27 IS 1 BP 69 EP 76 PG 8 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 973FE UT WOS:000306342900010 PM 21476450 ER PT J AU Boyer, AE Gallegos-Candela, M Lins, RC Kuklenyik, Z Woolfitt, A Moura, H Kalb, S Quinn, CP Barr, JR AF Boyer, Anne E. Gallegos-Candela, Maribel Lins, Renato C. Kuklenyik, Zsuzsanna Woolfitt, Adrian Moura, Hercules Kalb, Suzanne Quinn, Conrad P. Barr, John R. TI Quantitative Mass Spectrometry for Bacterial Protein Toxins - A Sensitive, Specific, High-Throughput Tool for Detection and Diagnosis SO MOLECULES LA English DT Review DE Bacillus anthracis; anthrax lethal factor; anthrax edema factor; Clostridium botulinum; neurotoxins; mass spectrometry ID ANTHRAX LETHAL FACTOR; PROTECTIVE ANTIGEN; BACILLUS-ANTHRACIS; BOTULINUM NEUROTOXINS; INHALATION ANTHRAX; KINASE-KINASE; SERUM; QUANTIFICATION; DYSFUNCTION; PERTUSSIS AB Matrix-assisted laser-desorption time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry (MS) is a valuable high-throughput tool for peptide analysis. Liquid chromatography electrospray ionization (LC-ESI) tandem-MS provides sensitive and specific quantification of small molecules and peptides. The high analytic power of MS coupled with high-specificity substrates is ideally suited for detection and quantification of bacterial enzymatic activities. As specific examples of the MS applications in disease diagnosis and select agent detection, we describe recent advances in the analyses of two high profile protein toxin groups, the Bacillus anthracis toxins and the Clostridium botulinum neurotoxins. The two binary toxins produced by B. anthracis consist of protective antigen (PA) which combines with lethal factor (LF) and edema factor (EF), forming lethal toxin and edema toxin respectively. LF is a zinc-dependent endoprotease which hydrolyzes specific proteins involved in inflammation and immunity. EF is an adenylyl cyclase which converts ATP to cyclic-AMP. Toxin-specific enzyme activity for a strategically designed substrate, amplifies reaction products which are detected by MALDI-TOF-MS and LC-ESI-MS/MS. Pre-concentration/purification with toxin specific monoclonal antibodies provides additional specificity. These combined technologies have achieved high specificity, ultrasensitive detection and quantification of the anthrax toxins. We also describe potential applications to diseases of high public health impact, including Clostridium difficile glucosylating toxins and the Bordetella pertussis adenylyl cyclase. C1 [Lins, Renato C.; Barr, John R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Battelle Analyt Serv, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Barr, JR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Battelle Analyt Serv, 4770 Buford Hwy,NE, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM aboyer@cdc.gov; jbarr@cdc.gov OI Kalb, Suzanne/0000-0002-8067-136X NR 51 TC 27 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 27 PU MDPI AG PI BASEL PA KANDERERSTRASSE 25, CH-4057 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1420-3049 J9 MOLECULES JI Molecules PD MAR PY 2011 VL 16 IS 3 BP 2391 EP 2413 DI 10.3390/molecules16032391 PG 23 WC Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA 741GY UT WOS:000288853400034 PM 21403598 ER PT J AU Miodovnik, A Engel, SM Zhu, CB Ye, XY Soorya, LV Silva, MJ Calafat, AM Wolff, MS AF Miodovnik, Amir Engel, Stephanie M. Zhu, Chenbo Ye, Xiaoyun Soorya, Latha V. Silva, Manori J. Calafat, Antonia M. Wolff, Mary S. TI Endocrine disruptors and childhood social impairment SO NEUROTOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Endocrine disruptors; Phthalates; BPA; SRS; Autism Spectrum Disorder; Environmental exposure ID PRENATAL PHTHALATE EXPOSURE; ATTENTION-DEFICIT/HYPERACTIVITY DISORDER; BEHAVIORAL-ASSESSMENT SCALE; BISPHENOL-A; AUTISTIC TRAITS; NERVOUS-SYSTEM; SEXUAL-DIFFERENTIATION; GENERAL-POPULATION; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; THYROID-HORMONES AB Prenatal exposure to endocrine disruptors has the potential to impact early brain development. Neurodevelopmental toxicity in utero may manifest as psychosocial deficits later in childhood. This study investigates prenatal exposure to two ubiquitous endocrine disruptors, the phthalate esters and bisphenol A (BPA), and social behavior in a sample of adolescent inner-city children. Third trimester urines of women enrolled in the Mount Sinai Children's Environmental Health Study between 1998 and 2002 (n = 404) were analyzed for phthalate metabolites and BPA. Mother-child pairs were asked to return for a follow-up assessment when the child was between the ages of 7 and 9 years. At this visit, mothers completed the Social Responsiveness Scale (SRS) (n = 137), a quantitative scale for measuring the severity of social impairment related to Autistic Spectrum Disorders (ASD) in the general population. In adjusted general linear models increasing log-transformed low molecular weight (LMW) phthalate metabolite concentrations were associated with greater social deficits (beta = 1.53, 95% CI 0.25-2.8). Among the subscales, LMWP were also associated with poorer Social Cognition (beta = 1.40, 95% Cl 0.1-2.7); Social Communication (beta = 1.86, 95% Cl 0.5-3.2); and Social Awareness (beta = 1.25, 95% CI 0.1-2.4), but not for Autistic Mannerisms or Social Motivation. No significant association with BPA was found (beta = 1.18, 95% Cl -0.75, 3.11). Prenatal phthalate exposure was associated with childhood social impairment in a multiethnic urban population. Even mild degrees of impaired social functioning in otherwise healthy individuals can have very important adverse effects over a child's lifetime. These results extend our previous finding of atypical neonatal and early childhood behaviors in relation to prenatal phthalate exposure. (C) 2010 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Miodovnik, Amir; Engel, Stephanie M.; Zhu, Chenbo; Wolff, Mary S.] Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Prevent Med, New York, NY 10029 USA. [Soorya, Latha V.] Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, New York, NY 10029 USA. [Ye, Xiaoyun; Silva, Manori J.; Calafat, Antonia M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Miodovnik, A (reprint author), Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Prevent Med, 1 Gustave L Levy Pl,Box 1057, New York, NY 10029 USA. EM amir.miodovnik@mssm.edu FU NIEHS/EPA Children's Center [ES09584, R827039]; New York Community Trust; Mount Sinai Children's Environmental Health Center; ATSDR/CDC/ATPM; NICHD [5T32HD049311] FX This research was supported by NIEHS/EPA Children's Center grants ES09584 and R827039, The New York Community Trust, The Mount Sinai Children's Environmental Health Center, ATSDR/CDC/ATPM and NICHD 5T32HD049311. The authors would like to thank Rebecca Bausell for assistance with chart reviews and Ella Samandar, James Preau, Amber Bishop and John A. Reidy (CDC, Atlanta, GA) for technical assistance in measuring the concentrations of phthalate and bisphenol A. NR 66 TC 112 Z9 114 U1 6 U2 65 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0161-813X J9 NEUROTOXICOLOGY JI Neurotoxicology PD MAR PY 2011 VL 32 IS 2 BP 261 EP 267 DI 10.1016/j.neuro.2010.12.009 PG 7 WC Neurosciences; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 734CJ UT WOS:000288310500012 PM 21182865 ER PT J AU Murphy, WJ Stephenson, MR Byrne, DC Witt, B Duran, J AF Murphy, William J. Stephenson, Mark R. Byrne, David C. Witt, Brad Duran, Jesse TI Effects of training on hearing protector attenuation SO NOISE & HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Hearing protection device; noise reduction rating statistic for A-weighting (NRS(A)); repeatability and reproducibility; training effects ID STANDARD LABORATORY PROTOCOL; FIELD ATTENUATION; EARPLUGS; WORKPLACE; DEVICES; WORN AB The effect of training instruction, whether presented as the manufacturer's printed instructions, a short video training session specific to the product, or as a one-on-one training session was evaluated using four hearing protection devices with eight groups of subjects. Naive subjects were recruited and tested using three different forms of training: written, video, and individual training. The group averages for A-weighted attenuation were not statistically significant when compared between the video or the written instruction conditions, regardless of presentation order. The experimenter-trained A-weighted attenuations were significantly greater than the written and video instruction for most of the protectors and groups. For each earplug, the noise reduction statistic for A-weighting (NRS(A)) and the associated confidence intervals were calculated for the 80(th) and 20(th) percentiles of protection. Across subject groups for each protector, the differences between NRS(A) ratings were found to be not statistically significant. Several comparisons evaluating the order of testing, the type of testing, and statistical tests of the performance across the groups are presented. C1 [Murphy, William J.] NIOSH, US Publ Hlth Serv, Div Appl Res & Technol, Engn & Phys Hazards Branch,Hearing Loss Prevent T, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Witt, Brad; Duran, Jesse] Sperian Hearing Protect LLC, Howard Leight Acoust Test Lab, San Diego, CA 92154 USA. RP Murphy, WJ (reprint author), NIOSH, US Publ Hlth Serv, Div Appl Res & Technol, Engn & Phys Hazards Branch,Hearing Loss Prevent T, 4676 Columbia Pkwy,MS C-27, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM wjm4@cdc.gov FU Environmental Protection Agency [DW75921973-01-0] FX Source of Support: Partially supported by The Environmental Protection Agency through interagency agreement DW75921973-01-0. NR 25 TC 7 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 5 PU MEDKNOW PUBLICATIONS PI MUMBAI PA B-9, KANARA BUSINESS CENTRE, OFF LINK RD, GHAKTOPAR-E, MUMBAI, 400075, INDIA SN 1463-1741 J9 NOISE HEALTH JI Noise Health PD MAR-APR PY 2011 VL 13 IS 51 BP 132 EP 141 DI 10.4103/1463-1741.77215 PG 10 WC Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 737KH UT WOS:000288567200007 PM 21368438 ER PT J AU Nailescu, C Xu, XY Zhou, H Hall, H Wilson, AC Leiser, JD Chand, DH Valentini, RP Hebert, D Mahan, JD AF Nailescu, Corina Xu, Xiyan Zhou, Hong Hall, Henrietta Wilson, Amy C. Leiser, Jeffrey D. Chand, Deepa H. Valentini, Rudolph P. Hebert, Diane Mahan, John D. TI Influenza vaccine after pediatric kidney transplant: a Midwest Pediatric Nephrology Consortium study SO PEDIATRIC NEPHROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Influenza; Vaccination; Kidney; Transplantation; Children ID CHILDREN; RECIPIENTS; IMMUNIZATION; VIRUS; INFECTION; EFFICACY; ANTIBODY; DISEASE; SAFETY AB The main aim of this study was to compare the response to trivalent inactivated influenza vaccine in children who received a kidney transplant and were on steroid-free versus steroid-based immunosuppression. Groups: I. Kidney transplant recipients on steroid-free immunosuppression (n=27); 2. Kidney transplant recipients on steroid-based immunosuppression (n=39); 3. Healthy controls (n=21). Hemagglutination inhibition titers against 2007-2008 A/H1N1 and A/H3N2 and B strains were measured before and 8 weeks postvaccination. Postvaccination geometric mean titers to A/H1N1 were significantly lower among both transplant groups than controls (p=0.025 and 0.015, respectively). Postvaccination titers to H3N2 and B strains were not statistically different between groups. Proportions of participants developing seroprotection were not different among groups. Both kidney transplant groups seroconverted less than controls for A/H1N1 (p=0.0002) and were no different from controls for B. For A/H3N2, the steroid-free group had the weakest seroconversion (p=0.008), possibly due to mycophenolate-enhanced exposure and a younger age. Overall, children after kidney transplantation demonstrated a good serologic response to the inactivated influenza vaccine although somewhat lower than controls. Steroid-free immunosuppression did not seem to present an advantage in antibody response. Data on inactivated influenza vaccine safety and efficacy was collected and demonstrated absence of acute rejection or laboratory-proven influenza for 6 months postvaccination. C1 [Nailescu, Corina] Indiana Univ, James Whitcomb Riley Hosp Children, Div Pediat Nephrol, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA. [Nailescu, Corina; Wilson, Amy C.; Leiser, Jeffrey D.] Indiana Univ, James Whitcomb Riley Hosp Children, Sect Pediat Nephrol & Hypertens, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA. [Xu, Xiyan; Zhou, Hong; Hall, Henrietta] World Hlth Org, Collaborating Ctr Surveillance Epidemiol & Contro, Influenza Div, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Zhou, Hong] Atlanta Res & Educ Fdn, Atlanta, GA USA. [Chand, Deepa H.] Childrens Hosp Akron, Div Pediat Nephrol, Akron, OH USA. [Valentini, Rudolph P.] Wayne State Univ, Childrens Hosp Michigan, Div Pediat Nephrol, Detroit, MI USA. [Hebert, Diane] Univ Toronto, Hosp Sick Children, Div Pediat Nephrol, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada. [Mahan, John D.] Ohio State Univ, Div Pediat Nephrol, Nationwide Childrens Hosp, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. RP Nailescu, C (reprint author), Indiana Univ, James Whitcomb Riley Hosp Children, Div Pediat Nephrol, 699 Riley Hosp Dr,Riley Res Bldg Room 230, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA. EM cnailesc@iupui.edu RI Mahan, John/E-3574-2011 FU National Kidney Foundation of Indiana FX This study was funded by the National Kidney Foundation of Indiana. The authors are extremely grateful to Dr. Nancy Cox (Director, Influenza Division, WHO Collaborating Center for the Surveillance, Epidemiology and Control of Influenza Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA), in whose laboratory the HAI antibody titer assays have been performed, as well as to Dr. Alexander Klimov, Branch Chief, and Dr. Carolyn Bridges, Associate Director of the Division at the same institution, for their support, and to Amanda Balish for technical assistance. In addition, we thank Dr. John Christenson, Professor of Clinical Pediatrics and Director of Infectious Disease Division from J.W. Riley Hospital for Children for his expert advice in pediatric infectious diseases, Dr. Sharon P. Andreoli, Professor of Pediatrics and Director, Section of Pediatric Nephrology and Hypertension from J.W. Riley Hospital for Children for her invaluable input, and at last but not the least, Bethanne Johnston, MSN, CPNP for her diligent work in coordinating the study. NR 25 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0931-041X J9 PEDIATR NEPHROL JI Pediatr. Nephrol. PD MAR PY 2011 VL 26 IS 3 BP 459 EP 467 DI 10.1007/s00467-010-1729-1 PG 9 WC Pediatrics; Urology & Nephrology SC Pediatrics; Urology & Nephrology GA 727VF UT WOS:000287830200017 PM 21181206 ER PT J AU White, KE Pabst, LJ Cullen, KA AF White, Karen E. Pabst, Laura J. Cullen, Karen A. TI Up-to-Date Haemophilus influenzae Type b Vaccination Coverage During a Vaccine Shortage SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE immunization information systems; vaccination coverage; Haemophilus influenza type b ID PNEUMOCOCCAL CONJUGATE VACCINE; UNITED-STATES; PEDIATRICIANS ADHERENCE; ADVISORY-COMMITTEE; RECOMMENDATIONS; CHILDREN AB OBJECTIVES: We sought to assess Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) vaccination coverage in diverse areas of the United States during the 2008-2009 Hib vaccine shortage. Interim recommendations for Hib vaccination during the shortage called for deferral of the booster dose only among children not at high risk for disease; the primary series given during the first year of life continued to be recommended for all children. METHODS: Vaccination data on similar to 123 000 children were collected from 8 Immunization Information System (IIS) sentinel sites. Completion of the primary Hib series (with 2 or 3 doses depending on vaccine type) by 9 months old during the vaccine shortage was compared with coverage of 2 vaccines given at similar ages (7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine and diphtheria, tetanus acellular pertussis vaccine) in children born between November 1, 2007, and March 31, 2008. RESULTS: During the shortage period, Hib vaccination coverage for the primary series was 7.8 to 10.3 percentage points lower than diphtheria, tetanus acellular pertussis vaccine and 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine coverage for children by the age of 9 months in 7 of 8 sentinel sites. CONCLUSIONS: A significant decrease in Hib vaccination coverage for the primary series was observed and was consistent across several US localities. Close collaboration between the public health community and vaccine providers is essential during vaccine shortages to ensure that interim vaccination recommendations are clear, widely disseminated, and closely followed, and that access to available vaccine supplies is maintained. Pediatrics 2011;127:e707-e712 C1 [White, Karen E.] Minnesota Dept Hlth, St Paul, MN 55164 USA. [Pabst, Laura J.; Cullen, Karen A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunizat Informat Syst Support Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. RP White, KE (reprint author), Minnesota Dept Hlth, 625 Robert St N, St Paul, MN 55164 USA. EM Karen.White@state.mn.us FU CDC [H23/CCH522551] FX This work was supported by grant H23/CCH522551 from the CDC. NR 20 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD MAR PY 2011 VL 127 IS 3 BP E707 EP E712 DI 10.1542/peds.2010-2129 PG 6 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 728AI UT WOS:000287845400022 PM 21339271 ER EF