FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Crosby, R Warner, L AF Crosby, Richard Warner, Lee TI Pending research issues in male condom use promotion SO SEXUAL HEALTH LA English DT Editorial Material DE condom effectiveness; condom failure; sexual behaviour; sexually transmissible infections ID RANDOMIZED CLINICAL-TRIAL; HUMAN-PAPILLOMAVIRUS; LATEX CONDOM; USE ERRORS; RISK; DESIGN; MEN; CHLAMYDIA; GONORRHEA; INFECTION AB Sufficient evidence has accumulated to warrant the expansion of condom use research in several additional directions. Possible risk compensation pertaining to human papillomavirus vaccination and vaginal microbicides is one example. A second area of needed research involves the question of when couples can be advised to safely discontinue condom use given that 'lifelong' condom use is not a realistic goal for most people. A third example is intensified research designed to identify more effective means of mass marketing condoms and their use as a health-protective behaviour. As the AIDS and sexually transmissible infection pandemics persist, intensified condom promotion research is an ethical imperative. C1 [Crosby, Richard] Univ Kentucky, Coll Publ Hlth, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. [Crosby, Richard] Indiana Univ, Rural Ctr AIDS STD Prevent, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. [Warner, Lee] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Crosby, R (reprint author), Univ Kentucky, Coll Publ Hlth, 121 Washington Ave, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. EM crosby@uky.edu NR 30 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 3 U2 4 PU CSIRO PUBLISHING PI COLLINGWOOD PA 150 OXFORD ST, PO BOX 1139, COLLINGWOOD, VICTORIA 3066, AUSTRALIA SN 1448-5028 J9 SEX HEALTH JI Sex Health PY 2008 VL 5 IS 4 BP 317 EP 319 DI 10.1071/SH08080 PG 3 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 373UM UT WOS:000260999000003 PM 19061550 ER PT J AU Dinh, TH Dunne, EF Markowitz, LE Weinstock, H Berman, S AF Dinh, Thu-Ha Dunne, Eileen F. Markowitz, Lauri E. Weinstock, Hillard Berman, Stuart TI Assessing neonatal herpes reporting in the United States, 2000-2005 SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES LA English DT Article ID SIMPLEX-VIRUS-INFECTIONS; TRANSMISSION AB Objectives: We describe neonatal herpes reporting and the number of cases reported in states with reporting requirements in the United States, 2000-2005. Methods: A national assessment of neonatal herpes reporting practices was conducted using an e-mail and phone query. Results: Neonatal herpes was a reportable condition in 9 states in the United States from 2000-2005: CT, MA, FL, OH, NE, LA, SD, DE, and WA. There was no standard surveillance case definition in 5 states and in 4 states there was no specific form for reporting neonatal herpes. Few cases were reported in any state (range, 0-13 cases per year). A total of 112 cases were reported in these 9 states over 5 years (2000-2004); the overall incidence rate was 4 cases/100,000 live births. Conclusions: Although reportable in some states, neonatal herpes is not currently a nationally reportable disease. As currently employed by individual states during this time frame, neonatal herpes reporting does not appear to be a reliable way to assess burden of disease. Development of a standard case definition and assessment of the best approaches for local and national neonatal herpes surveillance may improve performance of such reporting. C1 [Dinh, Thu-Ha] CDC, Div STD Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Dinh, Thu-Ha; Dunne, Eileen F.; Markowitz, Lauri E.; Weinstock, Hillard; Berman, Stuart] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA USA. [Dinh, Thu-Ha] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv Program, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Dinh, TH (reprint author), CDC, Div STD Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E-04, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM dvt1@cdc.gov NR 15 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0148-5717 EI 1537-4521 J9 SEX TRANSM DIS JI Sex. Transm. Dis. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 35 IS 1 BP 19 EP 21 DI 10.1097/OLQ.0b013e318162c4c6 PG 3 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 245YE UT WOS:000251973900004 PM 18157062 ER PT J AU Tao, G Zhang, CX AF Tao, Guoyu Zhang, Christopher X. TI HIV testing of commercially insured patients diagnosed with sexually transmitted diseases SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; HEALTH-CARE; SEROCONVERSION; TRANSMISSION; PREVENTION; CLINICS C1 [Tao, Guoyu; Zhang, Christopher X.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV STD & TB Prevent, Div STD Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Tao, Guoyu; Zhang, Christopher X.] Georgia Inst Technol, Wallace H Coulter Dept Biomed Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. RP Tao, G (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV STD & TB Prevent, Div STD Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS-E80, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM gat3@cdc.gov NR 30 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 2 U2 4 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0148-5717 J9 SEX TRANSM DIS JI Sex. Transm. Dis. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 35 IS 1 BP 43 EP 46 DI 10.1097/OLQ.0b013e318148c35a PG 4 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 245YE UT WOS:000251973900009 PM 17724427 ER PT J AU Fine, D Dicker, L Mosure, D Berman, S AF Fine, David Dicker, Linda Mosure, Debra Berman, Stuart CA Reg X Infertility Prevention Pro TI Increasing chlamydia positivity in women screened in family planning clinics: Do we know why? SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES LA English DT Article ID JOB-TRAINING PROGRAM; TRACHOMATIS INFECTIONS; PREVALENCE; IMPACT; TESTS; SUSCEPTIBILITY; REINFECTION; PREVENTION; STANDARD; TRENDS AB Objective: Following a 9-year 60% decline, chlamydia positivity increased 46% from 1997 through 2004 among young sexually active women screened in Region X family planning clinics. The objective of this analysis was to systematically examine the influences of risk factors, changing laboratory test methods, and interclinic variability on chlamydia positivity during this period. Study Design: We analyzed data from 520,512 chlamydia tests from women aged 15 to 24 years screened in 125 family planning clinics. Multivariate logistic regression modeling was used to adjust the annual risk of chlamydia for the demographic, clinical, and sexual risk behavior characteristics associated with infection and for the increasing use of more sensitive laboratory test methods. A generalized linear mixed model was used to adjust for interclinic variability. Results: We found a significant 5% annual increase in the risk of chlamyclia even after adjusting for risk factors including laboratory test characteristics (odds ratio 1.05, 95% confidence interval: 1.04, 1.06). Variability among the clinics where screening occurred did not account for the increase. Conclusions: Based on a review of all available data, we conclude that there was a true increase in chlamydia positivity over the 8-year period. C1 [Fine, David] Ctr Hlth Training, Seattle, WA 98101 USA. [Dicker, Linda; Mosure, Debra; Berman, Stuart] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sexually Transmitted Dis Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Fine, D (reprint author), Ctr Hlth Training, 1809 7th Ave,Suite 400, Seattle, WA 98101 USA. EM dfine@jba-cht.com NR 27 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0148-5717 J9 SEX TRANSM DIS JI Sex. Transm. Dis. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 35 IS 1 BP 47 EP 52 DI 10.1097/OLQ.0b013e31813e0c26 PG 6 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 245YE UT WOS:000251973900010 PM 17700377 ER PT J AU Baharav, A Decker, MJ Shinar, Z Eyal, S Cahan, C Boneva, RS Reeves, WC AF Baharav, A. Decker, M. J. Shinar, Z. Eyal, S. Cahan, C. Boneva, R. S. Reeves, W. C. TI Autonomic Nervous System dysfunction in Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: A population-based study SO SLEEP LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 22nd Annual Meeting of the Associated-Professional-Sleep-Societies CY JUN 07-12, 2008 CL Baltimore, MD SP Amer Acad Sleep Med, Sleep Res Soc C1 [Baharav, A.; Cahan, C.] Shaare Zedek Med Ctr, Sleep Disorders Clin, Jerusalem, Israel. [Baharav, A.; Shinar, Z.; Eyal, S.] HypnoCore, Netanya, Israel. [Decker, M. J.] Fus Sleep, Suwanee, GA USA. [Boneva, R. S.; Reeves, W. C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ACAD SLEEP MEDICINE PI WESTCHESTER PA ONE WESTBROOK CORPORATE CTR, STE 920, WESTCHESTER, IL 60154 USA SN 0161-8105 J9 SLEEP JI Sleep PY 2008 VL 31 SU S MA 0905 BP A297 EP A297 PG 1 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 294PW UT WOS:000255419001334 ER PT J AU Baharav, A Decker, MJ Cahan, C Durmer, JS Reeves, WC Akselrod, S AF Baharav, A. Decker, M. J. Cahan, C. Durmer, J. S. Reeves, W. C. Akselrod, S. TI Autonomic correlates of daytime sleepiness SO SLEEP LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 22nd Annual Meeting of the Associated-Professional-Sleep-Societies CY JUN 07-12, 2008 CL Baltimore, MD C1 [Baharav, A.; Cahan, C.] Shaare Zedek Med Ctr, Sleep Disorders Clin, Jerusalem, Israel. [Baharav, A.] HypnoCore, Netanya, Israel. [Decker, M. J.; Durmer, J. S.] Fus Sleep Program Sleep Disorders, Suwanee, GA USA. [Decker, M. J.; Reeves, W. C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Akselrod, S.] Tel Aviv Univ, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ACAD SLEEP MEDICINE PI WESTCHESTER PA ONE WESTBROOK CORPORATE CTR, STE 920, WESTCHESTER, IL 60154 USA SN 0161-8105 J9 SLEEP JI Sleep PY 2008 VL 31 SU S MA 660 BP A216 EP A217 PG 2 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 294PW UT WOS:000255419001089 ER PT J AU Decker, MJ Shinar, Z Eyal, S Durmer, JS Reeves, WC Cahan, C AF Decker, M. J. Shinar, Z. Eyal, S. Durmer, J. S. Reeves, W. C. Cahan, C. TI Validation study of an ECG based sleep diagnostic system SO SLEEP LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 22nd Annual Meeting of the Associated-Professional-Sleep-Societies CY JUN 07-12, 2008 CL Baltimore, MD C1 [Decker, M. J.; Durmer, J. S.] Fus Sleep, Suwanee, GA USA. [Decker, M. J.; Reeves, W. C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Shinar, Z.; Eyal, S.] HypnoCore, Netanya, Israel. [Cahan, C.] Share Zedek Med Ctr, Sleep Disorders Clin, Jerusalem, Israel. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ACAD SLEEP MEDICINE PI WESTCHESTER PA ONE WESTBROOK CORPORATE CTR, STE 920, WESTCHESTER, IL 60154 USA SN 0161-8105 J9 SLEEP JI Sleep PY 2008 VL 31 SU S MA 1000 BP A329 EP A330 PG 2 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 294PW UT WOS:000255419001429 ER PT J AU Decker, MJ Durmer, JS Kesselman, L Reeves, WC AF Decker, M. J. Durmer, J. S. Kesselman, L. Reeves, W. C. TI Persistent fatigue and unrefreshing sleep in chronic fatigue syndrome: A manifestation of cortical hypoarousal? SO SLEEP LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 22nd Annual Meeting of the Associated-Professional-Sleep-Societies CY JUN 07-12, 2008 CL Baltimore, MD C1 [Decker, M. J.; Durmer, J. S.; Kesselman, L.] Program Sleep Disorders, Suwanee, GA USA. [Decker, M. J.; Reeves, W. C.] Ctr Dis Control, Chron Viral Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Kesselman, L.] Ctr Adv Studies Sci Math & Technol, Wheeler High Sch, Marietta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ACAD SLEEP MEDICINE PI WESTCHESTER PA ONE WESTBROOK CORPORATE CTR, STE 920, WESTCHESTER, IL 60154 USA SN 0161-8105 J9 SLEEP JI Sleep PY 2008 VL 31 SU S MA 891 BP A292 EP A293 PG 2 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 294PW UT WOS:000255419001320 ER PT J AU Shinar, Z Eyal, S Decker, MJ Reeves, WC Baharav, A AF Shinar, Z. Eyal, S. Decker, M. J. Reeves, W. C. Baharav, A. TI ECG derived respiration as a valid respiratory signal for detection of apnea/hypopnea events SO SLEEP LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 22nd Annual Meeting of the Associated-Professional-Sleep-Societies CY JUN 07-12, 2008 CL Baltimore, MD C1 [Shinar, Z.; Eyal, S.; Baharav, A.] HypnoCore, Netanya, Israel. [Decker, M. J.] Fus Sleep Program Sleep Disorders, Suwanee, GA USA. [Decker, M. J.; Reeves, W. C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Baharav, A.] Share Zedek Med Ctr, Sleep Disorders Clin, Jerusalem, Israel. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER ACAD SLEEP MEDICINE PI WESTCHESTER PA ONE WESTBROOK CORPORATE CTR, STE 920, WESTCHESTER, IL 60154 USA SN 0161-8105 J9 SLEEP JI Sleep PY 2008 VL 31 SU S MA 1001 BP A330 EP A330 PG 1 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 294PW UT WOS:000255419001430 ER PT J AU Wilson, ME Chen, LH AF Wilson, Mary E. Chen, Lin H. BE Mayer, KH Pizer, HF TI Travel SO SOCIAL ECOLOGY OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID PUBLIC-HEALTH IMPLICATIONS; ACUTE RESPIRATORY SYNDROME; H5N1 INFLUENZA-VIRUS; WEST-NILE-VIRUS; INFECTIOUS-DISEASES; UNITED-STATES; MENINGOCOCCAL CARRIAGE; TRANSMISSION DYNAMICS; EMERGING INFECTIONS; IMPORTED MALARIA C1 [Wilson, Mary E.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Wilson, Mary E.] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Wilson, Mary E.] Mt Auburn Hosp, Cambridge, MA USA. [Wilson, Mary E.] Ctr Dis Control, ACIP, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Chen, Lin H.] Mt Auburn Hosp, Travel Med Ctr, Cambridge, MA USA. [Chen, Lin H.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA USA. RP Wilson, ME (reprint author), Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. NR 123 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA BN 978-0-08-055714-4 PY 2008 BP 17 EP 49 DI 10.1016/B978-012370466-5.50006-6 PG 33 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA BFE74 UT WOS:000319510600003 ER PT J AU Wilcox, BA Gubler, DJ Pizer, HF AF Wilcox, Bruce A. Gubler, Duane J. Pizer, H. F. BE Mayer, KH Pizer, HF TI Urbanization and the social ecology of emerging infectious diseases SO SOCIAL ECOLOGY OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID DENGUE HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER; AEDES-AEGYPTI; VIRUS; EPIDEMIOLOGY; EMERGENCE; EVOLUTION; THAILAND C1 [Wilcox, Bruce A.] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Wilcox, Bruce A.] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Asia Pacific Ctr Infect Dis Ecol, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Wilcox, Bruce A.] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Div Ecol & Hlth, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Wilcox, Bruce A.] Univ Hawaii Manoa, Grad Fac, Program Ecol Evolut & Conservat Biol, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Wilcox, Bruce A.] Univ Calif San Diego, San Diego, CA USA. [Wilcox, Bruce A.] Stanford Univ, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. [Wilcox, Bruce A.] Univ Hawaii, Sch Med, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Gubler, Duane J.] Univ Hawaii, Dept Trop Med Med Microbiol & Pharmacol, John A Burns Sch Med, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Gubler, Duane J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Pizer, H. F.] Hlth Care Strategies, Cambridge, MA USA. RP Wilcox, BA (reprint author), Univ Hawaii Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. NR 38 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA BN 978-0-08-055714-4 PY 2008 BP 113 EP 137 DI 10.1016/B978-012370466-5.50009-1 PG 25 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA BFE74 UT WOS:000319510600006 ER PT J AU Cohen, J Amon, JJ AF Cohen, Jonathan Amon, Joseph J. BE Mayer, KH Pizer, HF TI Governance, human rights and infectious disease: theoretical, empirical and practical perspectives SO SOCIAL ECOLOGY OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID PUBLIC-HEALTH; EPIDEMIOLOGY; DEMOCRACY; FUTURE C1 [Cohen, Jonathan] Human Rights Watch, HIV AIDS & Human Rights Program, New York, NY USA. [Amon, Joseph J.] Human Rights Watch, HIV AIDS Program, New York, NY USA. [Amon, Joseph J.] US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Amon, Joseph J.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. NR 41 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA BN 978-0-08-055714-4 PY 2008 BP 408 EP 425 DI 10.1016/B978-012370466-5.50020-0 PG 18 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA BFE74 UT WOS:000319510600017 ER PT J AU Gardner, P Primack, A Rosenthal, JP Bridbord, K AF Gardner, Pierce Primack, Aron Rosenthal, Joshua P. Bridbord, Kenneth BE Mayer, KH Pizer, HF TI Principles of building the global health workforce SO SOCIAL ECOLOGY OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Gardner, Pierce] SUNY Stony Brook, Sch Med, New York, NY USA. [Gardner, Pierce] Ctr Dis Control, Amer Coll Phys, Advisory Comm Immunizat Practices, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Gardner, Pierce] CDC, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Gardner, Pierce] CDC, Cent Nervous Syst Viral Surveillance Unit, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Gardner, Pierce] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Gardner, Pierce] Univ Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Gardner, Pierce] SUNY Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY USA. [Primack, Aron] NIH, Fogarty Int Ctr, Bethesda, MD USA. [Primack, Aron] US Hlth Care Financing Adm, Program Integr, Washington, DC USA. [Primack, Aron] US Hlth Care Financing Adm, Ctr Hlth Plans & Providers, Washington, DC USA. [Primack, Aron] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Prevent Med & Biometr, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Bridbord, Kenneth] US EPA, Washington, DC USA. RP Gardner, P (reprint author), SUNY Stony Brook, Sch Med, New York, NY USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA BN 978-0-08-055714-4 PY 2008 BP 449 EP 463 DI 10.1016/B978-012370466-5.50022-4 PG 15 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA BFE74 UT WOS:000319510600019 ER PT J AU Coughlin, SS Leadbetter, S Richards, T Sabatino, SA AF Coughlin, Steven S. Leadbetter, Steven Richards, Thomas Sabatino, Susan A. TI Contextual analysis of breast and cervical cancer screening and factors associated with health care access among United States women, 2002 SO SOCIAL SCIENCE & MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE breast cancer; cervical cancer; health care access; socioeconomic status; women's health ID PHYSICIAN RECOMMENDATION; PREVENTIVE SERVICES; MAMMOGRAPHY USE; BEHAVIORAL-MODEL; NONRURAL AREAS; ADHERENCE; COMMUNICATION; DISPARITIES; PREDICTORS; GUIDELINES AB This research explored the relationships between race/ethnicity and area factors affecting access to health care in the United States. The study represents an advance on previous research in this field because, in addition to including data on rurality, it incorporates additional contextual covariates describing aspects of health care accessibility. Individual-level data were obtained from the 2002 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS). The county of residence reported by BRFSS respondents was used to link BRFSS data with county-level measures of health care access from the 2004 Area Resource File (ARF). Analyses of mammography were limited to women aged >= 40 years with known county of residence (n = 91,492). Analyses of Pap testing were limited to women aged >= 18 years with no history of hysterectomy and known county of residence (n = 97,820). In addition to individual-level covariates such as race, Hispanic ethnicity, health insurance coverage and routine physical exam in the previous year. We examined county-level covariates (residence in health professional shortage area, urban/rural continuum, racial/ethnic composition, and number of health centers/clinics, mammography screening centers, primary care physicians, and obstetrician-gynecologists per 100,000 female population or per 1000 square miles) as predictors of cancer screening. Both individual-level and contextual covariates are associated with the use of breast and cervical cancer screening. In the current study, covariates associated with health care access, such as health insurance coverage, household income, Black race, and percentage of county female population who were non-Hispanic Black, were important determinants of screening use. In multivariate analysis, we found significant interactions between individual-level covariates and contextual covariates. Among women who reside in areas with lower primary care physician supply, rural women are less likely than urban women to have had a recent Pap test. Black women were more likely than White women to have had a recent Pap test. Women with a non-rural county of residence were more likely to have had a recent mammogram than rural women. A significant interaction was also found between individual-level race and number of health centers or clinics per 100,000 population(p-value = 0.0187). In counties with 2 or more health centers or clinics per 100,000 female population, Black women were more likely than White women to have had a recent mammogram. A significant interaction was also observed between the percentage of county female population who were Hispanic and the percentage who were non-Hispanic Black. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Coughlin, Steven S.; Leadbetter, Steven; Richards, Thomas; Sabatino, Susan A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Coughlin, SS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM sic9@cdc.gov; szl1@cdc.gov; tbr1@cdc.gov; bzo8@cdc.gov NR 38 TC 127 Z9 131 U1 7 U2 24 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0277-9536 J9 SOC SCI MED JI Soc. Sci. Med. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 66 IS 2 BP 260 EP 275 DI 10.1016/j.socscimed.2007.09.009 PG 16 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences, Biomedical SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Biomedical Social Sciences GA 257TS UT WOS:000252822000006 PM 18022299 ER PT S AU Vogt, RF Marti, GE Zenger, V AF Vogt, Robert F., Jr. Marti, Gerald E. Zenger, Vincent BE ReschGenger, U TI Quantitative Fluorescence Calibration: a Tool for Assessing the Quality of Data Obtained by Fluorescence Measurements SO STANDARDIZATION AND QUALITY ASSURANCE IN FLUORESCENCE MEASUREMENTS I: TECHNIQUES SE Springer Series on Fluorescence LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE Flow cytometry; Fluorescence; Fluorescence intensity standard; Molecules of equivalent soluble fluorochrome; Quality assurance; Quantification ID STANDARDIZING FLOW-CYTOMETRY; T-LYMPHOCYTES; INDIRECT IMMUNOFLUORESCENCE; CD4 EXPRESSION; CELL ANALYSIS; INTENSITY; SENSITIVITY; CD38; PERFORMANCE; RESOLUTION AB Over the last three decades, fluorescence has become the most widely used detection method in biomedical science. Fluorescence measurements are utilized in basic and translational research, method development, medical laboratory tests, clinical trials and epidemiologic studies. This renders the availability of objective methods to assess the quality of data obtained by these measurements very critical for research scientists, clinical laboratory personnel, and regulatory reviewers as is addressed in this chapter. C1 [Vogt, Robert F., Jr.] CDC, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Newborn Screening Branch, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Marti, Gerald E.; Zenger, Vincent] Food & Drug Adm, Ctr Biol Evaluat & Res, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Vogt, RF (reprint author), CDC, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Newborn Screening Branch, Mailstop F19, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM rvogt@cdc.gov NR 50 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 1617-1306 BN 978-3-540-75206-6 J9 SPRINGER SER FLUORES PY 2008 VL 05 BP 3 EP 31 DI 10.1007/4243_2008_055 PG 29 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Analytical; Optics; Spectroscopy SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry; Optics; Spectroscopy GA BJV85 UT WOS:000267284500001 ER PT J AU Vlahov, D Wang, C Ompad, D Fuller, CM Caceres, W Ouellet, L Kerndt, P Jarlais, DCD Garfein, RS AF Vlahov, David Wang, Cunlin Ompad, Danielle Fuller, Crystal M. Caceres, Wendy Ouellet, Lawrence Kerndt, Peter Jarlais, Don C. Des Garfein, Richard S. CA Collaborat Inject Drug User Study TI Mortality risk among recent-onset injection drug users in five US Cities SO SUBSTANCE USE & MISUSE LA English DT Article DE mortality; substance use; injection drug use (IDU); standard mortality ratio; overdose; HIV infection ID ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; PREVALENCE; HIV; INFECTIONS; ROME AB To quantify the risk of death among recent-onset ( 5 years) injection drug users, we enrolled 2089 injection drug users (IDUs) age 35 years (minimum age = 18 years) between 1997 and 1999. Median age was 24 years, 62.4% were male, 54.5% were non-Hispanic White, mean duration of injecting was 3 years, and 45.4% injected daily within the prior 6 months. Using the National Death Index, we identified 68 deaths over a follow-up period through December 2002 with a mortality rate of 7.10/1000 person years. Using age-, sex-, and race-adjusted data to the census and mortality, we calculated standardized mortality ratios (SMRs) over time. The adjusted SMR (with national data as the reference) for IDUs was 3.66 for 1997, which increased to 9.78 by 1998, decreased slightly to 7.08 by 1999, and continuously declined to 2.54 by 2002. These data confirm considerable excess mortality among recent onset injection drug users compared to non-IDU peers in the general population and indicate need for interventions such as increased quality and accessibility to drug abuse** treatment and overdose prevention to prevent premature death among young IDUs. C1 [Vlahov, David; Ompad, Danielle; Caceres, Wendy] New York Acad Med, Ctr Urban Epidemiol Studies, New York, NY 10029 USA. [Vlahov, David; Fuller, Crystal M.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Hyg & Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Vlahov, David; Fuller, Crystal M.] Columbia Univ, Mailman Sch Publ Hlth, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Wang, Cunlin] Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Med Coll Virginia Campus, Richmond, VA 23284 USA. [Ouellet, Lawrence] Univ Illinois, Sch Publ Hlth, Community Outreach Intervent Projects, Chicago, IL 60680 USA. [Kerndt, Peter] Beth Israel Deaconess Med Ctr, Inst Chem Dependency, Edmond Rothschild Fdn, New York, NY 10003 USA. [Jarlais, Don C. Des] Univ So Calif, Div Infect Dis, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. [Garfein, Richard S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV STD TB, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Vlahov, D (reprint author), New York Acad Med, Ctr Urban Epidemiol Studies, 1216 5th Ave, New York, NY 10029 USA. EM dvlahov@nyam.org RI Ompad, Danielle/F-3163-2013 OI Ompad, Danielle/0000-0003-0240-0393 NR 16 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 1 U2 4 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1082-6084 J9 SUBST USE MISUSE JI Subst. Use Misuse PY 2008 VL 43 IS 3-4 BP 413 EP 428 DI 10.1080/10826080701203013 PG 16 WC Substance Abuse; Psychiatry; Psychology SC Substance Abuse; Psychiatry; Psychology GA 279IZ UT WOS:000254350200012 PM 18365941 ER PT J AU Taylor, B Mannino, D Brown, C Crocker, D Twum-Baah, N Holguin, F AF Taylor, B. Mannino, D. Brown, C. Crocker, D. Twum-Baah, N. Holguin, F. TI Body mass index and asthma severity in the National Asthma Survey SO THORAX LA English DT Article ID ADULT-ONSET ASTHMA; WEIGHT-REDUCTION; INCIDENT ASTHMA; UNITED-STATES; OBESITY; WOMEN; OVERWEIGHT; RISK; ASSOCIATION; POPULATION AB Background: The association between obesity and asthma severity remains controversial and limited to small studies. Methods: We determined the association of body mass index (BMI) and asthma severity in the National Asthma Survey. We included adults (age >= 18 years) who self-reported symptoms of asthma in the past 5 years. A total of 3095 patients were divided into the following BMI categories: 1080 (35%) non-overweight (BMI,25), 993 (32%) overweight (BMI >= 25 and <30) and 1022 (33%) obese (BMI > 30). Asthma severity measures included respiratory symptoms, healthcare utilisation, medication use, missed work days and the Global Initiative for Asthma (GINA) severity classification. Models were adjusted for: gender, race, age, education, income, employment status, smoking status, family history of asthma, state of residence and residence in a metropolitan statistical area. Results: Compared with non-overweight subjects, obese subjects with asthma were more likely to report continuous symptoms (OR 1.66, 95% CI 1.09 to 2.54), miss more work days (OR 1.35, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.81), use short acting beta agonists (OR 1.36, 95% CI 1.06 to 1.75), use inhaled corticosteroids (OR 1.34, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.79) and use any controller medication according to GINA guidelines (OR 1.37, 95% CI 1.01 to 1.85). Also, obese respondents were less likely to be in asthma remission (OR 0.56, 95% CI 0.38 to 0.82) and were more likely to have severe persistent asthma (GINA IV) (OR 1.42, 95% CI 1.05 to 1.90). Conclusions: In a large, diverse sample of adults with asthma, obesity was associated with measures of asthma severity after adjusting for potential confounders. C1 [Holguin, F.] Emory Crawford Long Hosp, Clin Res Ctr, Atlanta, GA 30308 USA. [Taylor, B.; Twum-Baah, N.; Holguin, F.] Emory Univ, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Mannino, D.] Univ Kentucky, Lexington, KY USA. [Brown, C.; Crocker, D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Holguin, F (reprint author), Emory Crawford Long Hosp, Clin Res Ctr, 550 Peachtree St,Davis-Fischer Bldg,Rm 2331, Atlanta, GA 30308 USA. EM fch@cdc.gov OI Mannino, David/0000-0003-3646-7828 FU NCATS NIH HHS [UL1 TR000454]; NCRR NIH HHS [K12 RR017643] NR 39 TC 133 Z9 142 U1 0 U2 1 PU B M J PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 0040-6376 J9 THORAX JI Thorax PD JAN PY 2008 VL 63 IS 1 BP 14 EP 20 DI 10.1136/thx.2007.082784 PG 7 WC Respiratory System SC Respiratory System GA 243ZM UT WOS:000251835800006 PM 18156567 ER PT S AU Rupprecht, CE Barrett, J Briggs, D Cliquet, F Fooks, AR Lumlertdacha, B Meslin, FX Muller, T Nel, LH Schneider, C Tordo, N Wandeler, AI AF Rupprecht, C. E. Barrett, J. Briggs, D. Cliquet, F. Fooks, A. R. Lumlertdacha, B. Meslin, F. X. Mueller, T. Nel, L. H. Schneider, C. Tordo, N. Wandeler, A. I. BE Dodet, B Fooks, AR Miller, T Tordo, N TI Can rabies be eradicated? SO TOWARDS THE ELIMINATION OF RABIES IN EURASIA SE Developments in Biologicals LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Joint OIE/WHO/EU International Conference on Towards the Elimination of Rabies in Eurasia CY MAY 27-30, 2007 CL Paris, FRANCE SP World Org Anim Hlth, World Hlth Org, European Union DE rabies; lyssavirus; eradication; wildlife; dogs; animal control; disease prevention ID AUSTRALIAN BAT LYSSAVIRUS; FATAL HUMAN INFECTION; ORAL IMMUNIZATION; SOUTH-AFRICA; RED FOXES; MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY; NEUTRALIZING ANTIBODY; INCUBATION PERIOD; SEQUENCE-ANALYSIS; QUALITY-CONTROL AB Rabies, an acute progressive encephalitis, is an ancient zoonosis. Its distribution encompasses all continents, except Antarctica. Agents consist of at least 11 species or genotypes of rhabdoviruses, in the Genus Lyssavirus. Susceptible natural hosts include all mammals. Primary reservoirs reside in the Orders Carnivora and Chiroptera. A plethora of variants, maintained by a diversity of abundant hosts, presents a challenge to a strict concept of true eradication. Globally, the domestic dog remains the most significant species for viral transmission, responsible for millions of suspect human exposures and tens of thousands of fatalities. As such, this single major target provides an ideal opportunity for focused intervention programmes in humane disease prevention and control, driven by laboratory-based surveillance and guided via modern epidemiological insights. Historically, substantial technical progress throughout the 20(th) century led to the development of safe, affordable and efficacious animal and human vaccines, resulting in declining disease burdens in selected developed and developing countries. Regional and local disease resurgence occurs, due in part to a combination of political and economic instability, environmental perturbations, and shifting government priorities. Society must recall that despite the recent recognition of other important emerging infectious diseases, none exceed the case fatality rate of rabies. Given the clear relevance of rabies in public health, agriculture, and conservation biology, substantive international progress must continue towards enhanced public awareness, human rabies prevention, wildlife rabies control, and canine rabies elimination, with renewed collaborative vigour. C1 [Rupprecht, C. E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. EM cyr5@cdc.gov RI Nel, Louis/F-1001-2012; APHA, Staff publications/E-6082-2010 NR 111 TC 59 Z9 61 U1 0 U2 23 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1424-6074 BN 978-3-8055-8550-7 J9 DEV BIOLOGICALS JI Dev. Biols PY 2008 VL 131 BP 95 EP 121 PG 27 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Health Policy & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA BHX15 UT WOS:000257140900010 PM 18634470 ER PT S AU Kuzmin, IV Franka, R Rupprecht, CE AF Kuzmin, I. V. Franka, R. Rupprecht, C. E. BE Dodet, B Fooks, AR Miller, T Tordo, N TI Experimental infection of big brown bats (Eptesicus fuscus) with West Caucasian bat virus (WCBV) SO TOWARDS THE ELIMINATION OF RABIES IN EURASIA SE Developments in Biologicals LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Joint OIE/WHO/EU International Conference on Towards the Elimination of Rabies in Eurasia CY MAY 27-30, 2007 CL Paris, FRANCE SP World Org Anim Hlth, World Hlth Org, European Union DE West Caucasian bat virus (WCBV); big brown bat; experimental infection; rabies ID LYSSAVIRUS INFECTION; EXPERIMENTAL RABIES; POPULATIONS; IRKUT AB Big brown bats (Eptesicus fuscus), either recently captured individuals or survivors from previous experimental infection with Irkut virus (IRKV), were inoculated with West Caucasian bat virus (WCBV), intramuscularly into the masseter (n=7) or neck (n=8) muscles, or orally (n=6). Three bats inoculated into the neck muscles developed rabies and died between days 10 and 18. Viral RNA was detected in a number of tissues but isolation was successful only from the brain. An oral swab of one of these bats was also PCR-positive, but the isolation attempt failed. Brains, salivary glands and swabs from the survivors (six months observation) were negative, as well as all blood pellets collected. Therefore, no suggestions for a carrier state or viremia were obtained. In four surviving bats inoculated in the masseter muscles, WCBV-neutralizing antibodies were detected up to the end of experiment. The absence of antibodies in the three rabid bats may be the result of shorter incubation periods. Bats infected orally neither died nor responded serologically. In the bats previously infected with IRKV, IRKV-neutralizing antibodies were detected as well, up to the end of observation (12 months after IRKV challenge), even if they were not boosted by WCBV inoculation. C1 [Kuzmin, I. V.; Franka, R.; Rupprecht, C. E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. EM ibk@cdc.gov NR 14 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1424-6074 BN 978-3-8055-8550-7 J9 DEV BIOLOGICALS JI Dev. Biols PY 2008 VL 131 BP 327 EP 337 PG 11 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Health Policy & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA BHX15 UT WOS:000257140900035 PM 18634495 ER PT J AU Demchuk, E Ruiz, P Wilson, JD Scinicariello, F Pohl, HR Fay, M Mumtaz, MM Hansen, H De Rosa, CT AF Demchuk, Eugene Ruiz, Patricia Wilson, Jewell D. Scinicariello, Franco Pohl, Hana R. Fay, Mike Mumtaz, Moiz M. Hansen, Hugh De Rosa, Christopher T. TI Computational toxicology methods in public health practice SO TOXICOLOGY MECHANISMS AND METHODS LA English DT Review DE computational toxicology; BMD; CSAF; PBPK; QSAR; structure-activity; chemical mixture; risk assessment; MRL; HGV ID N-NITROSOATRAZINE; RISK ASSESSMENT; METHYLENE-CHLORIDE; CHEMICAL-MIXTURES; BORIC-ACID; DEVELOPMENTAL TOXICITY; PARTITION-COEFFICIENTS; INTERACTION THRESHOLD; STATISTICAL-MODEL; RENAL CLEARANCE AB Hazard identification and health risk assessment traditionally rely on results of experimental testing in laboratory animals. It is a lengthy and expensive process, which at the end still involves large uncertainty because the sensitivity of animals is unequal to the sensitivity of humans. The Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) Computational Toxicology and Method Development Laboratory develops and applies advanced computational models that augment the traditional toxicological approach with multilevel cross-extrapolation techniques. On the one hand, these techniques help to reduce the uncertainty associated with experimental testing, and on the other, they encompass yet untested chemicals, which otherwise would be left out of public health assessment. Computational models also improve understanding of the mode of action of toxic agents, and fundamental mechanisms by which they may cause injury to the people. The improved knowledge is incorporated in scientific health guidance documents of the Agency, including the Toxicological Profiles, which are used as the basis for scientifically defensible public health assessments. C1 [Demchuk, Eugene; Ruiz, Patricia; Wilson, Jewell D.; Scinicariello, Franco; Pohl, Hana R.; Fay, Mike; Mumtaz, Moiz M.; Hansen, Hugh; De Rosa, Christopher T.] Agcy Tox Substances & Dis Registry, Ctr Dis Control, Div Toxicol & Environm Med, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Demchuk, E (reprint author), Agcy Tox Substances & Dis Registry F32, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM edemchuk@cdc.gov NR 104 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 11 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1537-6524 J9 TOXICOL MECH METHOD JI Toxicol. Mech. Methods PY 2008 VL 18 IS 2-3 BP 119 EP 135 DI 10.1080/15376510701857148 PG 17 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 279ZW UT WOS:000254395700004 PM 20020909 ER PT J AU Boyd, R Kresnow, MJ Dellinger, AM AF Boyd, Rebecca Kresnow, Marcie-Jo Dellinger, Ann M. TI Adult Seat Belt Use: Does the Presence of Children in the Household Make a Difference? SO TRAFFIC INJURY PREVENTION LA English DT Article DE Motor Vehicle; Seat Belt; Restraint; Child ID FATAL CRASHES; RESTRAINT USE; ALCOHOL; PASSENGERS; DRIVERS; DEATHS; RATES AB Objective. To obtain prevalence estimates of seat belt use among adults with and without at least one child in the household and to examine whether having at least one child in the household is associated with adult seat belt use. Methods. The Second Injury Control and Risk Survey (ICARIS-2) was a nationwide cross-sectional, list-assisted random-digit-dialing telephone survey of individuals who were at least 18 years old and who spoke either English or Spanish. ICARIS-2 was carried out from 2001 to 2003; a similar study, ICARIS-1, had been conducted in 1994. National estimates were calculated for the prevalence of adult seat belt use and stratified according to the presence or absence of children in the household. Prevalence estimates for the two ICARIS surveys were compared using t-tests. Multivariable logistic regression was used to explore the association between having at least one child in the household and self-reported adult seat belt use. Results. Based on the 9,684 completed household interviews in ICARIS-2, an estimated 15.9% (13 million) of drivers with children in their households did not always wear their seat belt when driving, and 17.5% (15 million) of adult passengers with children in their households did not always wear their seat belt while riding. The prevalence of drivers and passengers who did not always wear their seat belt decreased between ICARIS-1 and ICARIS-2. Both driver and passenger seat belt use were associated with the respondent's age, sex, ethnicity, level of education, current marital status, and self-reported alcohol-impaired driving or riding with an alcohol-impaired driver. Drivers with children in the household, living in the Northeast, North Central, and Southern census regions of the country were significantly more likely than those in the West to report wearing their seat belt less than always. Conclusions. While seat belt use rates are increasing, many more lives could be saved by more complete restraint use. Effective strategies for increasing seat belt use rates and decreasing the number of both fatal and nonfatal motor vehicle injuries include primary enforcement laws, enhanced enforcement of seat belt use laws, and child safety-seat distribution combined with education programs. C1 [Boyd, Rebecca] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, CAC Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Boyd, R (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, CAC Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, 4770 Buford Highway NE,Mailstop F-62, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. NR 31 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1538-9588 J9 TRAFFIC INJ PREV JI Traffic Inj. Prev. PY 2008 VL 9 IS 5 BP 414 EP 420 DI 10.1080/15389580802210492 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Transportation SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Transportation GA 387DL UT WOS:000261931800003 PM 18836951 ER PT J AU Moro, PL Cavero, CA Tambini, M Briceno, Y Jimenez, R Cabrera, L AF Moro, Pedro L. Cavero, Carlos A. Tambini, Moises Briceno, Yuri Jimenez, Rosario Cabrera, Lilia TI Identification of risk factors for cystic echinococcosis in a peri-urban population of Peru SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article DE echinococcosis; hydatidosis; epidemiology; risk factors; case-control; Peru ID GRANULOSUS INFECTION AB We conducted a questionnaire-based case-control study to identify risk factors for cystic echinococcosis (CE) in Lima, Peru during July-December 2005. Data were obtained from 32 cases and 64 controls. Multivariate conditional logistic regression showed that having owned >= 10 dogs [adjusted odds ratio (AOR) 8.7, 95% Cl 1.3-57.5) and raising sheep (AOR 5.9, 95% Cl 1.2-28.1) were independently associated with CE. The belief that CE could be transmitted by food (AOR 0.1, 95% Cl 0.01-0.7) and breeding goats (AOR0.02, 95% Cl 0.001-0.6) were protective factors against CE transmission. Our results suggest that preventive measures to decrease the transmission of echinococcosis to humans in Peru should include limiting the number of dogs owned and encouraging owners to restrict dogs' access to food and water used for human consumption. 0 2007 Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Moro, Pedro L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunizat Safety Off, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Cavero, Carlos A.; Tambini, Moises] Hosp Nacl Hipolito Unanue, Dept Surg, Lima, Peru. [Briceno, Yuri; Jimenez, Rosario; Cabrera, Lilia] AB Prisma Proyectos Informat Salud Med & Agr, Lima, Peru. RP Moro, PL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunizat Safety Off, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS D26, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM psm9@cdc.gov NR 9 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0035-9203 J9 T ROY SOC TROP MED H JI Trans. Roy. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 102 IS 1 BP 75 EP 78 DI 10.1016/j.trstmh.2007.09.010 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 254RY UT WOS:000252606900015 PM 17949765 ER PT J AU Zou, S Fang, CT Schonberger, LB AF Zou, Shimian Fang, Chyang T. Schonberger, Lawrence B. TI Transfusion transmission of human prion diseases SO TRANSFUSION MEDICINE REVIEWS LA English DT Review ID CREUTZFELDT-JAKOB-DISEASE; BOVINE SPONGIFORM ENCEPHALOPATHY; NATIONAL MORTALITY DATA; MEDICAL RISK-FACTORS; BLOOD-TRANSFUSION; UNITED-STATES; VARIANT CJD; VCJD; INFECTIVITY; SURVEILLANCE AB No transmission through transfusion has been reported for classic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD). Moreover, a series of epidemiological surveillance, case-control, and look-back studies have provided no evidence of such transmission of CJD. Hence, the risk of such transfusion transmission of classic CJD remains theoretical. In contrast, based on data from the United Kingdom, the likelihood of transmission of the agent of the variant form of CJD (vCJD) through blood transfusion by donors who develop the disease within several years of donation is about 14% for recipients who survive longer than 5 years posttransfusion. Leukodepletion may reduce the likelihood of vCJD transmissions, although this procedure by itself removes less than half of the prion infectivity of blood. The potentially longer incubation periods of vCJD with infections in donors who are not methionine/ methionine homozygous at codon 129 of the prion protein gene, the unknown number of such donors, and the unknown infectivity of their blood during the incubation period suggests caution in assuming that only known cases of vCJD represent a risk for the transfusion transmission of vCJD. Results from ongoing look-back investigations and other studies will enable continued monitoring and more precise estimations of the risks of the transfusion transmission of CJD and vCJD. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Zou, Shimian; Fang, Chyang T.; Schonberger, Lawrence B.] Amer Red Cross Biomed Serv, Jerome H Holland Lab Biomed Sci, Rockville, MD 20855 USA. [Zou, Shimian; Fang, Chyang T.; Schonberger, Lawrence B.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Zou, S (reprint author), Amer Red Cross Biomed Serv, Transmissible Dis Dept, Jerome H Holland Lab, 15601 Crabbs Branch Way, Rockville, MD 20855 USA. EM zous@usa.redcross.org NR 69 TC 35 Z9 38 U1 2 U2 17 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0887-7963 J9 TRANSFUS MED REV JI Transf. Med. Rev. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 22 IS 1 BP 58 EP 69 DI 10.1016/j.tmrv.2007.09.003 PG 12 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 243AQ UT WOS:000251767700003 PM 18063192 ER PT J AU Benedict, MQ Robinson, AS AF Benedict, Mark Q. Robinson, Alan S. TI Impact of technological improvements on traditional control strategies SO TRANSGENESIS AND THE MANAGEMENT OF VECTOR-BORNE DISEASE SE ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID STERILE INSECT TECHNIQUE; GENETIC SEXING SYSTEM; POPULATION-CONTROL; CHEMOSTERILIZED MALES; TRANSGENIC MOSQUITOS; ANOPHELES-ALBIMANUS; CERATITIS-CAPITATA; VECTOR CONTROL; DROSOPHILA; RELEASE C1 [Benedict, Mark Q.] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Benedict, MQ (reprint author), CDC, 4770 Buford Highway, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM MBenedict@cdc.gov NR 50 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0065-2598 J9 ADV EXP MED BIOL JI Adv.Exp.Med.Biol. PY 2008 VL 627 BP 84 EP 92 PG 9 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA BHO60 UT WOS:000254879600007 PM 18510016 ER PT J AU Brown, KK Robinson, K AF Brown, Kenneth K. Robinson, Keisha TI High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Identification, Quantification, and Fractionation of a Suspect Allergen, 4-Chloro-3-methylphenol, in an LLNA-Positive Metalworking Fluid SO TRIBOLOGY TRANSACTIONS LA English DT Article DE Metalworking Fluids; Maintenance; Safety: Toxicology; Biocides; Hygiene; Lubricant Microbial Decomposition; Chemical Contamination; Cleanliness; Liquid Chromatography; Gas Chromatography; Spectroscopy ID EXPOSURE AB A metalworking fluid (MWF) was obtained that produced an allergic reaction in the local lymph node assay (LLNA) with an EC3 = 4%, the EC3 being the estimated concentration needed to provoke a 3-fold allergy response. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used to separate, identify, and isolate the suspected allergen. The biocide, 4-chloro-3-methylphenol, was detected in the MWF as a chromatographic peak matching the retention time of an external standard. The technique of standard addition was used to quantify and confirm the presence of 4-chloro-3-methylphenol at about 1% (w/w). Preparative HPLC was used to fractionate 1 gram of MWF separating the 4-chloro-3-methylphenol fraction from the remaining MWF. The two mobile-phase solutions were concentrated back into an MWF and a 4-chloro-3-methylphenol fraction. The original MWF and the reconstituted 4-chloro-3-methylphenol and MWF fractions were also analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry to confirm the isolation of the biocide. C1 [Brown, Kenneth K.] NIOSH, Div Appl Res & Technol, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Robinson, Keisha] Howard Univ, NIOSH IMHOTEP Intern, Dept Biol, Washington, DC 20059 USA. RP Brown, KK (reprint author), NIOSH, Div Appl Res & Technol, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1040-2004 J9 TRIBOL T JI Tribol. Trans. PY 2008 VL 51 IS 1 BP 101 EP 106 DI 10.1080/10402000701663562 PG 6 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA 384FK UT WOS:000261730500008 ER PT J AU Brown, DS Johnson, FR Poulos, C Messonnier, ML AF Brown, D. S. Johnson, F. R. Poulos, C. Messonnier, M. L. TI Mother and daughter preferences and willingness to pay for HPV vaccination SO VACCINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 2nd Vaccine Congress CY DEC 07-09, 2008 CL Boston, MA DE Conjoint analysis; Willingness to pay; Economics; Adolescent C1 [Brown, D. S.; Johnson, F. R.; Poulos, C.] RTI Int, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. [Messonnier, M. L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PY 2008 PG 2 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 480QF UT WOS:000268750600026 ER PT J AU Nett, RJ Carter, KK AF Nett, R. J. Carter, K. K. TI Cluster of Invasive Streptococcus pneumoniae Among Adults: Reminder To Vaccinate SO VACCINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 2nd Vaccine Congress CY DEC 07-09, 2008 CL Boston, MA DE Streptococcus pneumoniae; Invasive; Pneumococcal; Vaccine C1 [Nett, R. J.; Carter, K. K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Nett, R. J.; Carter, K. K.] Idaho Dept Hlth & Welf, Boise, ID USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PY 2008 PG 1 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 480QF UT WOS:000268750600061 ER PT J AU Panozzo, CA AF Panozzo, C. A. TI Delayed onset and diminished magnitude of rotavirus activity-United States, November 2007-May 2008 SO VACCINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 2nd Vaccine Congress CY DEC 07-09, 2008 CL Boston, MA DE Rotavirus; Seasonality; RotaTeq C1 [Panozzo, C. A.] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PY 2008 PG 1 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 480QF UT WOS:000268750600028 ER PT J AU Zubkova, I Choi, Y Chang, E Pirollo, K Krawczynski, H Major, M AF Zubkova, I. Choi, Y. Chang, E. Pirollo, K. Krawczynski, H. Major, M. TI T-cell Vaccines that Elicit Effective Immune Responses against HCV in Chimpanzees Create Greater Immune Pressure for Viral Mutation SO VACCINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 2nd Vaccine Congress CY DEC 07-09, 2008 CL Boston, MA DE hepatitis C virus; T-cell responses; chimpanzees; immune escape C1 [Zubkova, I.; Major, M.] US FDA, CBER, Rockville, MD 20857 USA. [Choi, Y.; Krawczynski, H.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Chang, E.; Pirollo, K.] Georgetown Univ, Washington, DC 20057 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PY 2008 PG 1 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 480QF UT WOS:000268750600154 ER PT J AU Begun, AL Brondino, MJ Bolt, D Weinstein, B Strodthoff, T Shelley, G AF Begun, Audrey L. Brondino, Michael J. Bolt, Daniel Weinstein, Benjamin Strodthoff, Terri Shelley, Gene TI The Revised Safe At Home Instrument for Assessing Readiness to Change Intimate Partner Violence SO VIOLENCE AND VICTIMS LA English DT Article DE batterer readiness to change; intimate partner violence AB This article describes the development and factor structure of the Revised Safe At Home instrument, a 35-item self-report measure designed to assess individuals' readiness to change their intimate partner violence behaviors. Seven new items have been added, representing content specific to the Maintenance stage, and other items have been revised to strengthen the assessment of earlier stages and address gender concerns. Confirmatory factor analysis using multisite data (two sites, a total of 281 men at intake) supported the conclusion that a four-factor model (Precontemplation, Contemplation, Preparation/Action, and Maintenance stages) was consistent with the observed covariances. A high degree of correlation between the Preparation/Action and Maintenance scales was observed, but subsequent testing indicated a need to treat the two as distinct factors in the model. It is recommended that scoring include only 31 items that perform well. C1 [Begun, Audrey L.] Univ Wisconsin, Helen Bader Sch Social Welf, Ctr Addict & Behav Hlth Res, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA. [Bolt, Daniel] Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI USA. [Strodthoff, Terri] Milwaukee Womens Ctr, Safe Home Project, Milwaukee, WI USA. [Shelley, Gene] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Begun, AL (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Helen Bader Sch Social Welf, Ctr Addict & Behav Hlth Res, POB 786, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA. EM begun@uwm.edu OI Begun, Audrey/0000-0002-1672-0315 FU ODCDC CDC HHS [U50/CCU511248-01] NR 29 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PUBLISHING CO PI NEW YORK PA 11 WEST 42ND STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10036 USA SN 0886-6708 J9 VIOLENCE VICTIMS JI Violence Vict. PY 2008 VL 23 IS 4 BP 508 EP 524 DI 10.1891/0886-6708.23.4.508 PG 17 WC Criminology & Penology SC Criminology & Penology GA V18EP UT WOS:000207988400006 PM 18788341 ER PT J AU Simon, TR Kresnow, MJ Bossarte, RM AF Simon, Thomas R. Kresnow, Marcie-jo Bossarte, Robert M. TI Self-Reports of Violent Victimization Among US Adults SO VIOLENCE AND VICTIMS LA English DT Article DE injury; intimate partner violence; perceived intent; survey methods AB This article describes the prevalence of violent victimization and injuries among U. S. adults and examines how these estimates differ by individual-and household-level characteristics using the second nationally representative Injury Control and Risk Survey (ICARIS-2). The ICARIS-2 was administered to 9,684 adults using a computer assisted random-digit-dial telephone survey. These data suggest that 5.4% of the U. S. adult population, approximately 11.66 million people, experienced at least one violent victimization in the past 12 months. Most victims (57%) believed that the person who struck them intended to injure them, and one in three victims reported that they were physically injured on at least one occasion. Effective violence prevention strategies require the collection of valid data to understand the scope of the problem, the consequences, and the groups most impacted. The results from ICARIS-2 indicate that the prevalence of violent victimization in the United States far exceeds the estimates derived from crime surveys. C1 [Simon, Thomas R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Violence Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Simon, TR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Violence Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Mailstop F-64,4770 Buford Highway, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM tsimon@cdc.gov NR 18 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PUBLISHING CO PI NEW YORK PA 11 WEST 42ND STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10036 USA SN 0886-6708 J9 VIOLENCE VICTIMS JI Violence Vict. PY 2008 VL 23 IS 6 BP 711 EP 726 DI 10.1891/0886-6708.23.6.711 PG 16 WC Criminology & Penology SC Criminology & Penology GA V18ER UT WOS:000207988600004 PM 19069563 ER PT J AU Wu, XF Rupprecht, CE AF Wu, Xianfu Rupprecht, Charles E. TI Glycoprotein gene relocation in rabies virus SO VIRUS RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE ERA rabies virus; reverse genetics; gene rearrangement; nuclear location signal ID VESICULAR STOMATITIS-VIRUS; RNA-POLYMERASE; CLONED CDNA; NUCLEAR LOCATION; IMMUNE-RESPONSE; EXPRESSION; APOPTOSIS; PATHOGENICITY; AUTOGENE; PROMOTER AB Unlike vesicular stomatitis virus, rabies virus glycoprotein gene has not been successfully relocated closer to promoter-proximal regions by reverse genetics. Here we describe an efficient system for the Evelyn-Rokinicki-Abelseth (ERA) rabies virus with the glycoprotein gene switched with the matrix protein gene, creating a reshuffled virus ERAgm (gene order N-P-G-M-L). With the aid of an autogene plasmid, the T7 RNA polymerase containing a nuclear location signal from the SV40 large T antigen facilitated virus recovery. The rearranged ERAgm rabies virus replicated as well as the parental ERA (gene order N-P-M-G-L) virus, reaching 10(9) ffu/ml in infected BSR cells. The altered glycoprotein gene position in viral genome presented an alternative way to study the pathogenicity of rabies virus. This also provides a potential novel method for rabies vaccine development. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Wu, Xianfu; Rupprecht, Charles E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Rabies Program PRB DVRD CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Wu, XF (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Rabies Program PRB DVRD CDC, Bldg 17,Room 6045,MS-G33,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM XAW6@cdc.gov NR 29 TC 31 Z9 38 U1 1 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-1702 J9 VIRUS RES JI Virus Res. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 131 IS 1 BP 95 EP 99 DI 10.1016/j.virusres.2007.07.018 PG 5 WC Virology SC Virology GA 260ID UT WOS:000253003100011 PM 17850911 ER PT J AU Boneva, RS Decker, MJ Maloney, EM Lin, JM Jones, JF Helgason, HG Heim, CM Rye, DB Reeves, WC AF Boneva, Roumiana S. Decker, Michael J. Maloney, Elizabeth M. Lin, Jin-Mann Jones, James F. Helgason, Helgi G. Heim, Christine M. Rye, David B. Reeves, William C. TI Higher heart rate and reduced heart rate variability persist during sleep in chronic fatigue syndrome: A population-based study SO AUTONOMIC NEUROSCIENCE-BASIC & CLINICAL LA English DT Article DE chronic fatigue syndrome; heart rate; heart rate variability; aldosterone; norepinephrine; population-based; case-control; SF-36; multiple fatigue inventory ID AUTONOMIC NERVOUS-SYSTEM; UP TILT; RISK; DYSFUNCTION; POWER AB Autonomic nervous system (ANS) dysfunction has been suggested in patients with chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS). In this study, we sought to determine whether increased heart rate (HR) and reduced heart rate variability (HRV) parameters observed in CFS patients during wakefulness persist during sleep. To this end, we compared heart rate (HR) and HRV as indicators of ANS function in CFS subjects and nonfatigued (NF) controls in a population-based, case-control study. Thirty subjects with CFS and 38 NF controls, matched for age-, sex- and body mass index, were eligible for analysis. Main outcome measures included mean RR interval (RRI), HR, and HRV parameters derived from overnight ECG. Plasma aldosterone and norepinephrine levels, medicines with cardiovascular effect, and reported physical activity were examined as covariates. General Linear Models were used to assess significance of associations and adjust for potential confounders. Compared to controls, CFS cases had significantly higher mean HR (71.4 vs 64.8 bpm), with a shorter mean RRI [840.4 (85.3) vs 925.4 (97.8) ms] (p<0.0004, each), and reduced low frequency (LF), very low frequency (VLF), and total power (TP) of HRV (p<0.02, all). CFS cases had significantly lower plasma aldosterone (p<0.05), and tended to have higher plasma norepinephrine levels. HR correlated weakly with plasma norepinephrine (r=0.23, p=0.05) and moderately with vitality and fatigue scores (r=-0.49 and 0.46, respectively, p<0.0001). Limitation in moderate physical activity was strongly associated with increased HR and decreased HRV. Nevertheless, among 42 subjects with similar physical activity limitations, CFS cases still had higher HR (71.8 bpm) than respective controls (64.9 bpm), p=0.023, suggesting that reduced physical activity could not fully explain CFS-associated differences in HR and HRV. After adjusting for potential confounders case-control differences in HR and TP remained significant (p<0.05). Conclusion: the presence of increased HR and reduced HRV in CFS during sleep coupled with higher norepinephrine levels and lower plasma aldosterone suggest a state of sympathetic ANS predominance and neuroendocrine alterations. Future research on the underlying pathophysiologic mechanisms of the association is needed. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Boneva, Roumiana S.; Maloney, Elizabeth M.; Lin, Jin-Mann; Jones, James F.; Reeves, William C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, Chron Viral Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Decker, Michael J.; Rye, David B.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Heim, Christine M.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Boneva, RS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, Chron Viral Dis Branch, Mail Stop A 15,1600 Clifton Rd,NE, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM rboneva@cdc.gov RI Heim, Christine/A-1183-2009 NR 36 TC 59 Z9 61 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1566-0702 J9 AUTON NEUROSCI-BASIC JI Auton. Neurosci-Basic Clin. PD DEC 30 PY 2007 VL 137 IS 1-2 BP 94 EP 101 DI 10.1016/j.autneu.2007.08.002 PG 8 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 242YO UT WOS:000251762300014 PM 17851136 ER PT J AU Pan, L Mukhtar, Q Geiss, LS AF Pan, L. Mukhtar, Q. Geiss, L. S. TI Self-monitoring of blood glucose among adults with diabetes - United States, 1997-2006 (Reprinted MMWR, vol 56, pg 1133-1137, 2007) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint ID COMPLICATIONS; POPULATION; BARRIERS C1 CDC, Div Diabet Translat, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Pan, L (reprint author), CDC, Div Diabet Translat, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD DEC 26 PY 2007 VL 298 IS 24 BP 2861 EP 2863 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 243RW UT WOS:000251816000011 ER PT J AU Grant, GB Fridkin, S Chang, DC Park, BJ AF Grant, Gavin B. Fridkin, Scott Chang, Douglas C. Park, Benjamin J. TI Postrecall surveillance following a multistate Fusarium keratitis outbreak, 2004 through 2006 SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Letter ID SINGAPORE C1 CDCP, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Office Workforce & Career Dev, Atlanta, GA USA. CDCP, Coordinating Ctr Infect Dis, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, Div Bacterial Foodborne & Mycot Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Grant, GB (reprint author), CDCP, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Office Workforce & Career Dev, Atlanta, GA USA. EM gbgrant@cdc.gov NR 5 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD DEC 26 PY 2007 VL 298 IS 24 BP 2867 EP 2868 DI 10.1001/jama.298.24.2867 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 243RW UT WOS:000251816000018 PM 18159055 ER PT J AU Ward, DS Linnan, L Vaughn, A Neelon, B Martin, SL Fulton, JE AF Ward, Dianne S. Linnan, Laura Vaughn, Amber Neelon, Brian Martin, Sarah L. Fulton, Janet E. TI Characteristics associated with US Walk to School Programs SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BEHAVIORAL NUTRITION AND PHYSICAL ACTIVITY LA English DT Article ID PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; ACTIVE TRANSPORTATION; CHILDREN; OBESITY; INTERVENTIONS; ADOLESCENTS; PREVALENCE; OVERWEIGHT; YOUTH AB Participation in Walk to School (WTS) programs has grown substantially in the US since its inception; however, no attempt has been made to systematically describe program use or factors associated with implementation of environment/policy changes. Objective: Describe the characteristics of schools' WTS programs by level of implementation. Methods: Representatives from 450 schools from 42 states completed a survey about their WTS program's infrastructure and activities, and perceived impact on walking to school. Level of implementation was determined from a single question to which respondents reported participation in WTS Day only (low), WTS Day and additional programs (medium), or making policy/environmental change (high). Results: The final model showed number of community groups involved was positively associated with higher level of implementation (OR = 1.78, 95% CI = 1.44, 2.18), as was funding (OR = 1.56, 95% CI = 1.26, 1.92), years of participation (OR = 1.44, 95% CI = 1.23, 1.70), and use of a walkability assessment (OR = 3.22, 95% CI = 1.84, 5.64). Implementation level was modestly associated with increased walking (r = 0.18). Conclusion: Strong community involvement, some funding, repeat participation, and environmental audits are associated with progms that adopt environmental/policy change, and seem to facilitate walking to school. C1 [Ward, Dianne S.] Univ N Carolina, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Nutr, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Linnan, Laura] Univ N Carolina, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Behav & Hlth Educ, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Vaughn, Amber; Neelon, Brian] Univ N Carolina, Ctr Hlth Promot & Dis Prevent, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Martin, Sarah L.; Fulton, Janet E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Ward, DS (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Nutr, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. EM dsward@email.unc.edu; linnan@email.unc.edu; avaughn@email.unc.edu; neelon@hcp.med.harvard.edu; slevin44@yahoo.com; jkf2@cdc.gov NR 39 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 5 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1479-5868 J9 INT J BEHAV NUTR PHY JI Int. J. Behav. Nutr. Phys. Act. PD DEC 19 PY 2007 VL 4 AR 67 DI 10.1186/1479-5868-4-67 PG 10 WC Nutrition & Dietetics; Physiology SC Nutrition & Dietetics; Physiology GA 274AB UT WOS:000253972600001 PM 18093327 ER PT J AU Murphy, FK Parker, S Stokich, D Murray, M Fogelman, V Todd, R Huber, V Tabor, A Deatherage, N Tucker, J Fritz, C Mohle-Boetani, J Skilton, C Kugeler, K Schriefer, M Mead, P Minicucci, L Sergienko, E Staples, JE Wheeler, C AF Murphy, F. K. Parker, S. Stokich, D. Murray, M. Fogelman, V. Todd, R. Huber, V. Tabor, A. Deatherage, N. Tucker, J. Fritz, C. Mohle-Boetani, J. Skilton, C. Kugeler, K. Schriefer, M. Mead, P. Minicucci, L. Sergienko, E. Staples, J. E. Wheeler, C. TI Acute respiratory distress syndrome in persons with tickborne relapsing fever - Three states, 2004-2005 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 56, pg 1073-1076, 2007) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint C1 Sierra Infect Dis, Reno, NV USA. Washoe Cty Dist Hlth Dept, Reno, NV USA. Nevada State Hlth Div, Carson City, NV USA. Calif Dept Hlth Serv, Sacramento, CA USA. Seattle King Cty Dept Publ Hlth, Seattle, WA USA. CDC, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Murphy, FK (reprint author), Sierra Infect Dis, Reno, NV USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD DEC 19 PY 2007 VL 298 IS 23 BP 2734 EP 2736 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 242HK UT WOS:000251716000010 ER PT J AU Marks, S Magee, E Robison, V AF Marks, S. Magee, E. Robison, V. TI Reported HIV status of tuberculosis patients - United States, 1993-2005 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 56, pg 1103-1106, 2007) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint C1 CDC, Div TB Eliminat, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Marks, S (reprint author), CDC, Div TB Eliminat, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD DEC 19 PY 2007 VL 298 IS 23 BP 2736 EP 2737 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 242HK UT WOS:000251716000011 ER PT J AU Osborne, JD Da Silva, M Frace, AM Sammons, SA Olsen-Rasmussen, M Upton, C Buller, RML Chen, NC Feng, ZH Roper, RL Liu, J Pougatcheva, S Chen, WP Wohlhueter, RM Esposito, JJ AF Osborne, John D. Da Silva, Melissa Frace, A. Michael Sammons, Scott A. Olsen-Rasmussen, Melissa Upton, Chris Buller, R. Mark L. Chen, Nanhai Feng, Zehua Roper, Rachel L. Liu, Jonathan Pougatcheva, Svetlana Chen, Weiping Wohlhueter, Robert M. Esposito, Joseph J. TI Genomic differences of Vaccinia virus clones from Dryvax smallpox vaccine: The Dryvax-like ACAM2000 and the mouse neurovirulent Clone-3 SO VACCINE LA English DT Review DE vaccinia virus; genome sequences; orthopoxvirus; poxvirus; DNA; smallpox; vaccine ID POXVIRUS ORTHOLOGOUS CLUSTERS; MONKEYPOX VIRUS; CELL-CULTURE; THYMIDYLATE KINASE; MAHARASHTRA STATE; UBIQUITIN-LIGASE; BINDING-PROTEIN; DNA-SEQUENCE; ANKARA MVA; F-BOX AB Conventional vaccines used for smallpox eradication were often denoted one or another strain of Vaccinia virus (VACV), even though seed virus was sub-cultured multifariously, which rendered the virion population genetically heterogeneous. ACAM2000 cell culture vaccine, recently licensed in the U.S., consists of a biologically vaccine-like VACV homogeneous-sequence clone from the conventional smallpox vaccine Dryvax, which we verified from Dryvax sequence chromatograms is genetically heterogeneous. ACAM2000 VACV and CL3, a mouse-neurovirulent clone from Dryvax, differ by 572 single nucleotide polymorphisms and 53 insertions-deletions of varied size, including a 4.5-kbp deletion in ACAM2000 and a 6.2-kbp deletion in CL3. The sequence diversity between the two clones precludes precisely defining why CL3 is more pathogenic; however, four genes appear significantly dissimilar to account for virulence differences. CL3 encodes intact immunomodulators interferon-alpha/beta and tumor necrosis factor receptors, which are truncated in ACAM2000. CL3 specifies a Cowpox and Variola virus-like ankyrin-repeat protein that might be associated with proteolysis via ubiquitination. And, CL3 shows an elongated thymidylate kinase, similar to the enzyme of the mouse-neurovirulent VACV-WR, a derivative of the New York City Board of Health vaccine, the origin vaccine of Dryvax. Although ACAM2000 encodes most proteins associated with immunization protection, the cloning probably delimited the variant epitopes and other motifs produced by Dryvax due to its VACV genetic heterogeneity. The sequence information for ACAM2000 and CL3 could be significant for resolving the dynamics of their different proteomes and thereby aid development of safer, more effective vaccines. (c) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Osborne, John D.; Frace, A. Michael; Sammons, Scott A.; Olsen-Rasmussen, Melissa; Wohlhueter, Robert M.; Esposito, Joseph J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Biotechnol Core Facil Branch, Div Sci Resources,Coordinating Ctr Infect Dis, Natl Ctr Preparedness Detect & Control Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Da Silva, Melissa; Upton, Chris] Univ Victoria, Dept Biochem & Microbiol, Victoria, BC V8P 5C2, Canada. [Buller, R. Mark L.; Chen, Nanhai; Feng, Zehua] St Louis Univ, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Mol Microbiol & Immunol, St Louis, MO 63104 USA. [Roper, Rachel L.] E Carolina Univ, Sch Med, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Greenville, NC 27834 USA. [Liu, Jonathan; Pougatcheva, Svetlana; Chen, Weiping] Acambis Inc, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RP Esposito, JJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Biotechnol Core Facil Branch, Div Sci Resources,Coordinating Ctr Infect Dis, Natl Ctr Preparedness Detect & Control Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM jesposito@cdc.gov OI Upton, Chris/0000-0002-9019-8967; Roper, Rachel/0000-0001-6971-7745 NR 109 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD DEC 17 PY 2007 VL 25 IS 52 BP 8807 EP 8832 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2007.10.040 PG 26 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 253DC UT WOS:000252497900018 PM 18037545 ER PT J AU Rasmussen, SA Hayes, EB Jamieson, DJ O'Leary, DR AF Rasmussen, Sonja A. Hayes, Edward B. Jamieson, Denise J. O'Leary, Daniel R. TI Emerging infections and pregnancy: Assessing the impact on the embryo or fetus SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF MEDICAL GENETICS PART A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Festschrift Symposium 2007 held in Honor of M Michael Cohen CY MAR 31, 2007 CL Univ Utah, Salt Lake City, UT HO Univ Utah DE teratogen; infection; pregnancy; embryo; fetus; emerging infectious diseases ID LYMPHOCYTIC CHORIOMENINGITIS VIRUS; ACUTE RESPIRATORY SYNDROME; DRIED BLOOD SPOTS; CONGENITAL TOXOPLASMOSIS; BIRTH-DEFECTS; CYTOMEGALOVIRUS-INFECTION; GROWTH RESTRICTION; ANTIBODIES; WOMEN; RISK AB The teratogenicity of several infections when acquired during pregnancy is well documented. However, for emerging infections (defined as those for which the incidence has risen in the past two decades or threatens to rise in the near future), the prenatal effects are often unknown, raising concern among women and their health care providers. Investigation of these effects is essential to ensure that pregnant women are appropriately assessed, advised, and treated, but such investigation is often challenging. The impact of emerging infections on the embryo or fetus is difficult to predict and varies depending on the agent and gestational timing of infection. Some women might be asymptomatic or have only mild or nonspecific symptoms, and thus, not be identified as infected, even when the embryo or fetus is severely affected, In addition, diagnosing congenital infection is often complicated. This article will discuss challenges to studying the teratogenicity of emerging infections, advantages, and disadvantages of different study designs, and examples of previous studies of the effects of emerging infections on the embryo or fetus. Published 2007 Wiley-Liss, Inc.dagger. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Div Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA USA. Ctr Dis Control, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Rasmussen, SA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM skr9@cdc.gov NR 57 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 6 PU WILEY-LISS PI HOBOKEN PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 1552-4825 J9 AM J MED GENET A JI Am. J. Med. Genet. A PD DEC 15 PY 2007 VL 143A IS 24 BP 2896 EP 2903 DI 10.1002/ajmg.a.32077 PG 8 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 237VS UT WOS:000251405100008 PM 18000975 ER PT J AU Sacks, JJ Helmick, CG Luo, YH Ilowite, NT Bowyer, S AF Sacks, Jeffrey J. Helmick, Charles G. Luo, Yao-Hua Ilowite, Norman T. Bowyer, Suzanne TI Prevalence of and annual ambulatory health care visits for pediatric arthritis and other rheumatologic conditions in the United States in 2001-2004 SO ARTHRITIS & RHEUMATISM-ARTHRITIS CARE & RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE pediatric rheumatology; juvenile arthritis; prevalence; surveillance; epidemiology AB Objective. To estimate the prevalence of and the annual number of ambulatory health care visits for pediatric arthritis and other rheumatologic conditions. Methods. We used physician office visit, outpatient department visit, and emergency department visit data from the 2001-2004 National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey and 2001-2004 National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey to estimate annual visits for the International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification codes thought to represent significant pediatric arthritis and other rheumatologic conditions (SPARC). We converted visit estimates into prevalence estimates using data on the number of prior annual visits per patient. Synthetic estimates for states were produced using national rates. Results. The average annualized estimate of the number of children with SPARC was 294,000 (95% confidence interval [95% CI] 188,000-400,000). The annualized number of ambulatory health care visits for SPARC was 827,000 (95% CI 609,000-1,044,000). Conclusion. Pediatric arthritis estimates have varied widely because it is an umbrella term for which there are many definitions and because it is a relatively uncommon condition from a population surveillance perspective. Our estimates suggest that arthritis-related health care visits impose a substantial burden on the pediatric health care system. One advantage of this surveillance paradigm is that it has established a starting point for tracking the national prevalence of arthritis; and rhemnatologic conditions in children on an ongoing basis using existing infrastructure rather than expensive new surveys. This surveillance system will help us monitor and predict the health care needs of patients with these conditions. C1 [Sacks, Jeffrey J.; Helmick, Charles G.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Luo, Yao-Hua] Business Comp Applicat Inc, Atlanta, GA USA. [Ilowite, Norman T.] Childrens Hosp Montefiore, Bronx, NY USA. [Ilowite, Norman T.] Albert Einstein Coll Med, Bronx, NY 10467 USA. [Bowyer, Suzanne] Indiana Univ, Sch Med, Indianapolis, IN USA. RP Sacks, JJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 4770 Buford Highway,MS-K51, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM jjs3@cdc.gov OI Ilowite, Norman/0000-0002-8298-8563 NR 12 TC 53 Z9 53 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-LISS PI HOBOKEN PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0004-3591 J9 ARTHRIT RHEUM-ARTHR JI Arthritis Rheum-Arthritis Care Res. PD DEC 15 PY 2007 VL 57 IS 8 BP 1439 EP 1445 DI 10.1002/art.23087 PG 7 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA 241DX UT WOS:000251638200016 PM 18050185 ER PT J AU Dubberke, ER Reske, KA Yan, Y Olsen, MA McDonald, LC Fraser, VJ AF Dubberke, Erik R. Reske, Kimberly A. Yan, Yan Olsen, Margaret A. McDonald, L. Clifford Fraser, Victoria J. TI Clostridium difficile-associated disease in a setting of endemicity: Identification of novel risk factors SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID PROTON PUMP INHIBITORS; INTESTINAL COLONIZATION; RESISTANT ENTEROCOCCI; DIARRHEA; VANCOMYCIN; INFECTION; THERAPY; METRONIDAZOLE; SEVERITY; EPIDEMIC AB Background. Previous studies of risk factors for Clostridium difficile-associated disease (CDAD) have been limited by small sample sizes and case-control study designs. Many of these studies were performed during outbreaks of CDAD. Colonization pressure and use of fluoroquinolones, vancomycin, and gastric acid suppressors have not been fully evaluated as risk factors for CDAD. The purpose of this study was to determine risk factors for endemic CDAD, including CDAD pressure, a modified version of colonization pressure. Methods. We performed a retrospective cohort study of 36,086 patients admitted to Barnes-Jewish Hospital (St. Louis, MO) during the period from 1 January 2003 through 31 December 2003. Administrative, laboratory, and pharmacy data were collected from electronic hospital databases. Colonization pressure was measured through a surrogate variable (i.e., CDAD pressure). Multivariable pooled logistic regression models were used to evaluate independent risk factors for CDAD. Results. The analysis included 382 CDAD case patient admissions and 35,704 non-case patient admissions. Significant independent risk factors for CDAD included increasing age, admission(s) in the previous 60 days, hypoalbuminemia, leukemia and/or lymphoma, mechanical ventilation, and receipt of antimotility drugs, histamine-2 blockers, proton pump inhibitors, intravenous vancomycin, fluoroquinolones, and first-, third-, or fourth-generation cephalosporins. Increasing CDAD pressure was a strong risk factor for CDAD (for a CDAD pressure > 1.4, the odds ratio was 4.0; 95% confidence interval, 2.9-5.6). Receipt of metronidazole was protective against CDAD (odds ratio, 0.5; 95% confidence interval, 0.3-0.6). Conclusions. This study identified the previously underrecognized CDAD risk factors of CDAD pressure and vancomycin. More studies are needed to evaluate the relationship between CDAD, these risk factors, and use of gastric acid suppressors and fluoroquinolones. C1 [Dubberke, Erik R.; Reske, Kimberly A.; Yan, Yan; Olsen, Margaret A.; Fraser, Victoria J.] Washington Univ, Sch Med, St Louis, MO USA. [McDonald, L. Clifford] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Dubberke, ER (reprint author), Box 8051 660 S Euclid, St Louis, MO 63110 USA. EM edubberk@im.wustl.edu OI Yan, Yan/0000-0002-5917-1475 FU NIAID NIH HHS [1K01AI065808, 1K24AI06779401]; PHS HHS [1U01C1000333-01, UR8/CCU715087-06/1] NR 26 TC 152 Z9 156 U1 0 U2 5 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD DEC 15 PY 2007 VL 45 IS 12 BP 1543 EP 1549 DI 10.1086/523582 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 233HI UT WOS:000251081000003 PM 18190314 ER PT J AU Kallen, AJ Hageman, J Gorwitz, R Beekmann, SE Polgreen, PM AF Kallen, Alexander J. Hageman, Jeffrey Gorwitz, Rachel Beekmann, Susan E. Polgreen, Philip M. TI Characteristics of Staphylococcus aureus community-acquired pneumonia during the 2006-2007 influenza season SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Letter C1 [Kallen, Alexander J.; Hageman, Jeffrey; Gorwitz, Rachel] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, MPH, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Beekmann, Susan E.; Polgreen, Philip M.] Amer Emerging Infect Network, Infect Dis Soc, Iowa City, IA USA. RP Kallen, AJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, MPH, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS A-35, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM AKallen@cdc.gov NR 4 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD DEC 15 PY 2007 VL 45 IS 12 BP 1655 EP 1655 DI 10.1086/523721 PG 1 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 233HI UT WOS:000251081000027 PM 18190337 ER PT J AU Phares, CR Wangroongsarb, P Chantra, S Paveenkitiporn, W Tondella, ML Benson, RF Thacker, WL Fields, BS Moore, MR Fischer, J Dowell, SF Olsen, SJ AF Phares, Christina R. Wangroongsarb, Piyada Chantra, Somrak Paveenkitiporn, Wantana Tondella, Maria-Lucia Benson, Robert F. Thacker, W. Lanier Fields, Barry S. Moore, Matthew R. Fischer, Julie Dowell, Scott F. Olsen, Sonja J. TI Epidemiology of severe pneumonia caused by Legionella longbeachae, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, and Chlamydia pneumoniae: 1-year, population-based surveillance for severe pneumonia in Thailand SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID COMMUNITY-ACQUIRED PNEUMONIA; PATHOGENS; INFECTIONS; PREVENTION; PREVALENCE; GUIDELINES; MANAGEMENT; EFFICACY; DISEASE; SAFETY AB Background. Legionella species, Mycoplasma pneumoniae, and Chlamydia pneumoniae are recognized as important causes of pneumonia in high-income countries, but their significance in middle-income countries, such as Thailand, is unknown. Methods. Population-based surveillance identified inpatient 3489 cases of clinically-defined pneumonia in a rural Thai province for 1 year. Patients who had a chest radiograph performed (for 2059 cases of pneumonia) were enrolled in an etiology study (which included 755 cases of pneumonia among 738 patients). Paired serum, nasopharyngeal swab, and urine specimens were obtained for diagnostic immunologic and molecular tests. Patients aged < 18 years were not systematically tested for Legionella species. We report a lower limit of incidence (observed incidence) and an upper limit extrapolated to persons not tested or not enrolled in the study. Results. The incidence of pneumonia due to Legionella longbeachae requiring hospitalization was 5 - 29 cases per 100,000 population. No case of Legionella pneumophila pneumonia was observed. The definite C. pneumoniae pneumonia incidence was 3 - 23 cases per 100,000 population; rates were highest among patients aged < 1 year (18 - 166 cases per 100,000 population) and those aged >= 70 years (23 - 201 cases per 100,000 population). M. pneumoniae pneumonia had a similar age distribution, with an overall incidence of 6 - 44 cases per 100,000 population. These pathogens were associated with 15% of all cases of pneumonia. A nonsignificantly higher proportion of patients with pneumonia associated with L. longbeachae, compared with patients with pneumonia associated with M. pneumoniae or C. pneumoniae, required supplemental oxygen or mechanical ventilation (45% vs. 18%; P <.1). Among patients with atypical pneumonia, only 15% received antibiotics with activity against the associated pathogen. Conclusion. M. pneumoniae, C. pneumoniae, and L. longbeachae, but not L. pneumophila, are frequently associated with severe pneumonia in rural Thailand. Few patients receive antibiotics that cover atypical pathogens. C1 [Phares, Christina R.; Tondella, Maria-Lucia; Benson, Robert F.; Thacker, W. Lanier; Fields, Barry S.; Moore, Matthew R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Inefect Dis, Div Bacterial & Mycot Dis, Resp Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Phares, Christina R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv Program, Off Workforce & Career, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Wangroongsarb, Piyada; Paveenkitiporn, Wantana] Thailand Natl Inst Hlth, Sa Kaeo, Thailand. [Fischer, Julie; Dowell, Scott F.; Olsen, Sonja J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent Collaborat Nonthaburi, Thailand Min Publ Hlth US, Int Emerging Infect Program, Sa Kaeo, Thailand. [Chantra, Somrak] Crown Prince Gen Hosp, Sa Kaeo, Thailand. RP Phares, CR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv Program, Off Workforce & Career, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop E-03, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM CPhares@cdc.gov NR 29 TC 33 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 4 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD DEC 15 PY 2007 VL 45 IS 12 BP E147 EP E155 DI 10.1086/523003 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 233HI UT WOS:000251081000032 PM 18190309 ER PT J AU Branson, BM AF Branson, Bernard M. TI State of the art for diagnosis of HIV infection SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Opportunities for Improving HIV Diagnosis, Prevention and Access to Care in the United States CY NOV 29-30, 2006 CL Washington, DC SP Amer Acad HIV Med, amfAR, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Forum Collaborat HIV Res, HIV Med Assoc Infect Dis Soc Amer, NIAID ID SYMPTOMS; PLASMA AB Diagnostic tests for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection have undergone considerable evolution since the first enzyme immunoassay (EIA) and Western blot were introduced 2 decades ago. Newer methods detect infection sooner and yield results much faster. Rapid tests represent a major advance for HIV screening in the United States. Six rapid tests for detection of HIV antibody have been approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) since November 2002. Four of these tests can be done in point-of-care and nonclinical settings because they use whole blood or oral fluid and are simple to perform. An assay for detection of HIV-1 RNA has been approved by the FDA to detect HIV infection before seroconversion has occurred and to confirm results of reactive screening tests; pooled testing of specimens for HIV-1 RNA has increased the cost-effectiveness of this screening tool. These new testing technologies offer unique opportunities to diagnose HIV infection among the estimated 252,000-312,000 persons in the United States who are currently unaware they are infected. C1 [Branson, Bernard M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Branson, BM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton rd, NE, Mailstop D21, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM lubranson@cdc.gov NR 20 TC 49 Z9 50 U1 1 U2 6 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD DEC 15 PY 2007 VL 45 SU 4 BP S221 EP S225 DI 10.1086/522541 PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 240VA UT WOS:000251615100004 PM 18190290 ER PT J AU Fenton, KA AF Fenton, Kevin A. TI Changing epidemiology of HIV/AIDS in the United States: Implications for enhancing and promoting HIV testing strategies SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Opportunities for Improving HIV Diagnosis, Prevention and Access to Care in the United States CY NOV 29-30, 2006 CL Washington, DC SP Amer Acad HIV Med, amfAR, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Forum Collaborat HIV Res, HIV Med Assoc Infect Dis Soc Amer, NIAID ID SEXUALLY-TRANSMITTED-DISEASES; PERSONS AWARE; TRANSMISSION; PREVENTION; INFECTION; RISK; MEN; SEX; BEHAVIOR; UNAWARE AB Despite aggressive prevention efforts, >1 million people in the United States are currently estimated to be living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, with or without progression to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Although men who have sex with men remain the group at highest risk, updated prevention strategies need to take into account the changing face of the epidemic, notably, the increasing burden of the disease among African Americans and young people. One of the major obstacles to current efforts in the United States to prevent HIV infection is the high rate of transmission among people who do not know they are infected. Many Americans still receive a diagnosis of advanced HIV disease, including AIDS, <= 1 year after HIV infection is diagnosed, suggesting that they have been HIV positive and unaware of their serostatus for 5-10 years. Promoting access to and receipt of HIV testing is one of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's 4 main strategies for advancing efforts to prevent HIV infection. Making HIV testing a routine part of medical care would lead to earlier diagnosis of infection. This would in turn improve the prognosis for the infected individual and reduce the risk of onward transmission, particularly if effective counseling, education, and treatment are provided upon diagnosis. New recommendations aimed at making HIV testing more routine in health care settings should have a substantial impact on these efforts, but it is crucially important that our strategies reflect the changing face of the epidemic. C1 [Fenton, Kevin A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Fenton, KA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, 1600 Clifton Rd, NE, Mailstop E07, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM Kif2@cdc.gov NR 35 TC 44 Z9 45 U1 1 U2 4 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD DEC 15 PY 2007 VL 45 SU 4 BP S213 EP S220 DI 10.1086/522615 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 240VA UT WOS:000251615100003 PM 18190289 ER PT J AU Janssen, RS AF Janssen, Robert S. TI Implementing HIV screening SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Opportunities for Improving HIV Diagnosis, Prevention and Access to Care in the United States CY NOV 29-30, 2006 CL Washington, DC SP Amer Acad HIV Med, amfAR, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Forum Collaborat HIV Res, HIV Med Assoc Infect Dis Soc Amer, NIAID ID COST-EFFECTIVENESS; UNITED-STATES; TRANSMISSION; INFECTION; EMERGENCY; RISK; PREVALENCE; EXPERIENCE; VIRUS; WOMEN AB The recommendations for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) testing in the United States were recently revised. An important goal of these revisions is to reduce the proportion of individuals infected with HIV who are unaware of their infection. In the new guidelines, screening is recommended for all individuals aged 13-64 years in any health care setting, provided that they are notified that testing will be performed and do not decline testing. It was further recommended that individuals at high risk for HIV infection be screened annually. Through wider screening, the identification of persons with unrecognized HIV is expected to facilitate treatment and allow better targeting of HIV prevention strategies. C1 [Janssen, Robert S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Janssen, RS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS & Prevent, 1600 Clifton rd, NE, Mailstop D-21, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM rxjl@cdc.gov NR 22 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD DEC 15 PY 2007 VL 45 SU 4 BP S226 EP S231 DI 10.1086/522542 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 240VA UT WOS:000251615100005 PM 18190291 ER PT J AU van de Wiigert, JHHM Braunstein, SL Morar, NS Jones, HE Madurai, L Strickfaden, TTE Moodley, M Aboobaker, J Ndlovu, G Ferguson, TM Friedland, BA Hart, CE Ramjee, G AF van de Wiigert, Janneke H. H. M. Braunstein, Sarah L. Morar, Neetha S. Jones, Heidi E. Madurai, Lorna Strickfaden, Tammy T. Evans Moodley, Manivasan Aboobaker, Jamila Ndlovu, Gugulethu Ferguson, Taja M. Friedland, Barbara A. Hart, Clyde E. Ramjee, Gita TI Carraguard vaginal gel safety in HIV-Positive women and men in South Africa SO JAIDS-JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Microbicides 2006 Conference CY APR 23-26, 2006 CL Cape Town, SOUTH AFRICA DE prevention of sexual transmission; vaginal microbicides; clinical trials; virus shedding; South Africa ID HERPES-SIMPLEX-VIRUS; PENILE APPLICATION; INFECTED WOMEN; ACCEPTABILITY; CARRAGEENAN; MICROBICIDE; SULFATE; MICE AB Objective: To assess the safety of the candidate microbicide Carraguard gel in HIV-positive women and men. Design: A randomized, placebo-controlled, triple-blinded clinical trial of Carraguard gel when applied vaginally once per day for 14 intermenstrual days by sexually abstinent and sexually active HIV-positive women; and when applied directly to the penis once per day for 7 days by sexually abstinent HIV-positive men. Methods: In each cohort (n = 20 per cohort), participants were randomized to Carraguard, methylcellulose placebo, or no product (1: 1: 1). In addition to traditional microbicide trial safety endpoints, the effects of microbicide use on vaginal shedding of HIV-1 RNA and markers of genital inflammation, epithelial sloughing, and microhemorrhage were also explored. Results: Gel compliance was high in both gel-use groups in the 3 cohorts. Carraguard use was not associated with abnormal genital findings, other abnormal clinical findings, markers of genital inflammation, epithelia] sloughing or microbernorrhage, or selfreported symptoms in women and men, or with abnormal vaginal flora or genital shedding of HIV-1 RNA in women. Adverse events were mostly mild, not attributed to gel use, and similarly distributed between groups. Conclusions: Once-daily use of Carraguard for 7 to 14 days appeared to be safe in HIV-positive women and men. C1 Populat Council, New York, NY 10021 USA. MRC, Durban, South Africa. Global Clin & Viral Lab, Durban, South Africa. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. King Edward VIII Hosp, Durban, South Africa. Populat Council, Johannesburg, South Africa. RP van de Wiigert, JHHM (reprint author), Acad Med Ctr, Ctr Poverty Related Commun Dis, Meibergdreef 9 T0-120, PO Box 22700, NL-1100 DE Amsterdam, Netherlands. EM j.h.vandewijgert@amc.uva.nl NR 22 TC 27 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1525-4135 EI 1077-9450 J9 JAIDS-J ACQ IMM DEF JI JAIDS PD DEC 15 PY 2007 VL 46 IS 5 BP 538 EP 546 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 236YA UT WOS:000251338200004 PM 18193495 ER PT J AU Millett, GA Ding, H Lauby, J Flores, S Stueve, A Bingham, T Carballo-Dieguez, A Murrill, C Liu, KL Wheeler, D Liau, A Marks, G AF Millett, Gregorio A. Ding, Helen Lauby, Jennifer Flores, Stephen Stueve, Ann Bingham, Trista Carballo-Dieguez, Alex Murrill, Chris Liu, Kai-Lih Wheeler, Darrell Liau, Adrian Marks, Gary TI Circumcision status and HIV infection among black and Latino men who have sex with men in 3 US cities SO JAIDS-JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES LA English DT Article DE black; circumcision; HIV/AIDS; homosexual; Latino; men who have sex with men ID UNITED-STATES; BISEXUAL MEN; YOUNG MEN; RISK; PREVENTION; PREVALENCE; TRIAL; TRANSMISSION; POPULATIONS; BEHAVIORS AB Objective: To examine characteristics of circumcised and uncircumcised Latino and black men who have sex with men (MSM) in the United States and assess the association between circumcision and HIV infection. Methods: Using respondent-driven sampling, 1154 black MSM and 1091 Latino MSM were recruited from New York City, Philadelphia, and Los Angeles. A 45-minute computer-assisted interview and a rapid oral fluid H IV antibody test (OraSure Technologies, Bethlehem, PA) were administered to participants. Results: Circumcision prevalence was higher among black MSM than among Latino MSM (74% vs. 33%; P < 0.0001). Circumcised MSM in both racial/ethnic groups were more likely than uncircumcised MSM to be bom in the United States or to have a USborn parent. Circumcision status was not associated with prevalent HIV infection among Latino MSM, black MSM, black bisexual men, or black or Latino men who reported being HIV-negative based on their last HIV test. Further, circumcision was not associated with a reduced likelihood of HIV infection among men who had engaged in unprotected insertive and not unprotected receptive anal sex. Conclusions: in these cross-sectional data, there was no evidence that being circumcised was protective against HIV infection among black MSM or Latino MSM. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. Philadelphia Hlth Management Corp, Philadelphia, PA USA. Educ Dev Ctr Inc, Boston, MA USA. Los Angeles Cty Dept Publ Hlth, Los Angeles, CA USA. Columbia Univ, HIV Ctr Clin & Behav Studies, New York, NY USA. New York City Dept Mental Hlth & Hyg, New York, NY USA. CUNY Hunter Coll, Sch Social Work, New York, NY 10021 USA. RP Millett, GA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mail Stop E-37, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM gmillett@cdc.gov NR 28 TC 51 Z9 52 U1 1 U2 4 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1525-4135 J9 JAIDS-J ACQ IMM DEF JI JAIDS PD DEC 15 PY 2007 VL 46 IS 5 BP 643 EP 650 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 236YA UT WOS:000251338200017 PM 18043319 ER PT J AU Petersen, LR Roehrig, JT AF Petersen, Lyle R. Roehrig, John T. TI Flavivirus DNA vaccines - Good science, uncertain future SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Editorial Material ID NILE-VIRUS-INFECTION; WEST-NILE; YELLOW-FEVER; ENCEPHALITIS VACCINES; JAPANESE ENCEPHALITIS; VACCINATION; PROTECTS; DISEASE C1 [Petersen, Lyle R.; Roehrig, John T.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vectror Borne & Enter Dis, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, Ft Collins, CO USA. RP Petersen, LR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, 3150 Rampart Rd, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM lxp2@cdc.gov OI Roehrig, John/0000-0001-7581-0479 NR 21 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD DEC 15 PY 2007 VL 196 IS 12 BP 1721 EP 1723 DI 10.1086/523655 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 245GH UT WOS:000251922600001 PM 18190248 ER PT J AU Martin, JE Pierson, TC Hubka, S Rucker, S Gordon, IJ Enama, ME Andrews, CA Xu, Q Davis, BS Nason, MC Fay, MP Koup, RA Roederer, M Bailer, RT Gomez, PL Mascola, JR Chang, GJJ Nabel, GJ Graham, BS AF Martin, Julie E. Pierson, Theodore C. Hubka, Sarah Rucker, Steve Gordon, Ingelise J. Enama, Mary E. Andrews, Charla A. Xu, Qing Davis, Brent S. Nason, Martha C. Fay, Michael P. Koup, Richard A. Roederer, Mario Bailer, Robert T. Gomez, Phillip L. Mascola, John R. Chang, Gwong-Jen J. Nabel, Gary J. Graham, Barney S. CA Vaccine Res Ctr 302 Study Team TI A West Nile virus DNA vaccine induces neutralizing antibody in healthy adults during a phase 1 clinical trial SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Gene-Therapy CY MAY 31-JUN 04, 2006 CL Baltimore, MD SP Amer Soc Gene Therapy ID CANDIDATE VACCINE; INFECTION; ENCEPHALITIS; PROTECTS; EPIDEMIOLOGY; FEVER; PALMS AB Background. West Nile virus (WNV) is a mosquitoborne flavivirus that can cause severe meningitis and encephalitis in infected individuals. We report the safety and immunogenicity of a WNV DNA vaccine in its first phase 1 human study. Methods. A single-plasmid DNA vaccine encoding the premembrane and the envelope glycoproteins of the NY99 strain of WNV was evaluated in an open-label study in 15 healthy adults. Twelve subjects completed the 3-dose vaccination schedule, and all subjects completed 32 weeks of evaluation for safety and immunogenicity. The development of a vaccine-induced immune response was assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay, neutralization assays, intracelluar cytokine staining, and enzyme-linked immunospot assay. Results. The vaccine was safe and well tolerated, with no significant adverse events. Vaccine-induced T cell and antibody responses were detected in the majority of subjects. Neutralizing antibody to WNV was detected in all subjects who completed the 3-dose vaccination schedule, at levels shown to be protective in studies of horses, an incidental natural host for WNV. Conclusions. Further assessment of this DNA platform for human immunization against WNV is warranted. C1 [Martin, Julie E.; Hubka, Sarah; Rucker, Steve; Gordon, Ingelise J.; Enama, Mary E.; Andrews, Charla A.; Nason, Martha C.; Fay, Michael P.; Koup, Richard A.; Roederer, Mario; Bailer, Robert T.; Gomez, Phillip L.; Mascola, John R.; Nabel, Gary J.; Graham, Barney S.] NIAID, NIH, Vaccine Res Ctr, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Pierson, Theodore C.; Xu, Qing] NIAID, NIH, Viral Pathogenesis Sect, Viral Dis Lab, Bethesda, MD USA. [Davis, Brent S.; Chang, Gwong-Jen J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, Arboviral Dis Branch, Ft Collins, CO USA. RP Graham, BS (reprint author), NIAID, NIH, Vaccine Res Ctr, 40 Convent Dr, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM bgraham@nih.gov RI Roederer, Mario/G-1887-2011; OI Fay, Michael P./0000-0002-8643-9625 FU Intramural NIH HHS [Z99 AI999999] NR 32 TC 100 Z9 108 U1 0 U2 7 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD DEC 15 PY 2007 VL 196 IS 12 BP 1732 EP 1740 DI 10.1086/523650 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 245GH UT WOS:000251922600005 PM 18190252 ER PT J AU Leichliter, JS Chandra, A Liddon, N Fenton, KA Aral, SO AF Leichliter, Jami S. Chandra, Anjani Liddon, Nicole Fenton, Kevin A. Aral, Sevgi O. TI Prevalence and correlates of heterosexual anal and oral sex in adolescents and adults in the United States SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 17th Meeting of the International-Society-for-Sexually-Transmitted-Diseases-Research CY JUL 29-AUG 01, 2007 CL Seattle, WA SP Int Soc Sexually Transmitted Dis Res ID SQUAMOUS INTRAEPITHELIAL LESIONS; SEXUALLY-TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS; HIGH-RISK; HUMAN-PAPILLOMAVIRUS; HIV TRANSMISSION; DRUG-USERS; BEHAVIOR; INTERCOURSE; CANCER; CALIFORNIA AB Background. Heterosexual anal and oral sex are related to the acquisition of sexually transmitted infections, including human immunodeficiency virus infection. We examined the correlates of heterosexual anal and oral sex in the general population, using data from the National Survey of Family Growth. Methods. The sample included 12,571 men and women aged 15-44 years (79% response rate). Results. One-third of men and women had ever had anal sex, and three-quarters had ever had oral sex. Condom use during last oral or anal sex was relatively uncommon. In separate models for men and women, having ever had anal sex was associated with white race, age of 20-44 years, and having had a nonmonogamous sex partner. White race, age of 20-44 years, being married, and having higher numbers of lifetime sex partners were related to having ever given oral sex in men and women. Giving oral sex was associated with having a nonmonogamous sex partner in men. Ever receiving oral sex was associated with white race and a nonmonogamous sex partner in men and women. Conclusions. It would be beneficial to track the prevalence of heterosexual anal and oral sex and associated condom use on a more frequent basis. C1 [Leichliter, Jami S.; Liddon, Nicole; Aral, Sevgi O.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Std HIV Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Fenton, Kevin A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS, Atlanta, GA USA. [Chandra, Anjani] CDC, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD USA. RP Leichliter, JS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM JLeichliter@cdc.gov NR 44 TC 85 Z9 85 U1 2 U2 13 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD DEC 15 PY 2007 VL 196 IS 12 BP 1852 EP 1859 DI 10.1086/522867 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 245GH UT WOS:000251922600020 PM 18190267 ER PT J AU Hsu, KK Kellenberg, JE Pelton, SI Friedman, DS Moore, MR Jordan, HT AF Hsu, K. K. Kellenberg, J. E. Pelton, S. I. Friedman, D. S. Moore, M. R. Jordan, H. T. TI Emergence of antimicrobial-resistant serotype 19A Streptococcus pneumoniae - Massachusetts, 2001-2006 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 56, pg 1077-1080, 2007) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint ID INVASIVE PNEUMOCOCCAL DISEASE; CONJUGATE VACCINE; CHILDREN; 19A C1 Boston Univ, Med Ctr, Boston, MA 02215 USA. Massachusetts Dept Publ Hlth, Boston, MA 02111 USA. CDC, Div Bacterial Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Hsu, KK (reprint author), Boston Univ, Med Ctr, Boston, MA 02215 USA. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD DEC 12 PY 2007 VL 298 IS 22 BP 2612 EP 2614 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 239VJ UT WOS:000251546100008 ER PT J AU Crosby, A Ryan, G Logan, J AF Crosby, A. Ryan, G. Logan, J. TI Nonfatal self-inflicted injuries among adults aged >= 65 years - United States, 2005 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 56, pg 989-993, 2007) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint C1 CDC, Div Violence Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. CDC, Off Stat & Programming, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Crosby, A (reprint author), CDC, Div Violence Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD DEC 12 PY 2007 VL 298 IS 22 BP 2614 EP 2615 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 239VJ UT WOS:000251546100009 ER PT J AU Russell, TV Do, AN Setik, E Sullivan, PS Rayle, VD Fridlund, CA Quan, VM Voetsch, AC Fleming, PL AF Russell, Toya V. Do, Ann N. Setik, Eleanor Sullivan, Patrick S. Rayle, Victoria D. Fridlund, Carol A. Quan, Vu M. Voetsch, Andrew C. Fleming, Patricia L. TI Sexual Risk Behaviors for HIV/AIDS in Chuuk State, Micronesia: The Case for HIV Prevention in Vulnerable Remote Populations SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article AB Background. After the first two cases of locally-acquired HIV infection were recognized in Chuuk State, Federated States of Micronesia (FSM), a public health response was initiated. The purpose of the response was to assess the need for HIV education and prevention services, to develop recommendations for controlling further spread of HIV in Chuuk, and to initiate some of the prevention measures. Methodology/Principal Findings. A public health team conducted a survey and rapid HIV testing among a sample of residents on the outer islands in Chuuk. Local public health officials conducted contact tracing and testing of sex partners of the two locally-acquired cases of HIV infection. A total of 333 persons completed the survey. The majority knew that HIV is transmitted through unprotected sexual contact (81%), injection drug use (61%), or blood transfusion (64%). Sexual activity in the past 12 months was reported among 159 participants, including 90 females and 69 males. Compared to women, men were more likely to have had multiple sex partners, to have been drunk during sex, but less likely to have used a condom in the past 12 months. The two men with locally acquired HIV infection had unprotected anal sex with a third Chuukese man who likely contracted HIV while outside of Chuuk. All 370 persons who received voluntary, confidential HIV counseling and testing had HIV negative test results. Conclusions/Significance. Despite the low HIV seroprevalence, risky sexual behaviors in this small isolated population raise concerns about the potential for rapid spread of HIV. The lack of knowledge about risks, along with stigmatizing attitudes towards persons infected with HIV and high risk sexual behaviors indicate the need for resources to be directed toward HIV prevention in Chuuk and on other Pacific Islands. C1 [Do, Ann N.; Sullivan, Patrick S.; Rayle, Victoria D.; Voetsch, Andrew C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Russell, Toya V.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Res Off, Rockville, MD USA. [Setik, Eleanor] Chuuk State Dept Hlth & Hosp, Chuuk, Micronesia. [Fridlund, Carol A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global AIDS Program, Natl Ctr HIV STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Quan, Vu M.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Epidemiol, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. [Fleming, Patricia L.] Univ Med & Dent New Jersey, New Jersey Med Sch, Dept Prevent Med & Community Hlth, Newark, NJ 07103 USA. RP Do, AN (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM aad9@cdc.gov OI Sullivan, Patrick/0000-0002-7728-0587 FU National Center for STD, TB, and HIV Prevention FX This project was funded by the National Center for STD, TB, and HIV Prevention, CDC. The CDC was the employer of 8 of the 9 co-authors at the time of this project, and has no other specific role in the project, besides providing the funding, material support, personnel and technical support for the project, which was essentially a public health response to the first cases of locally-acquired HIV infection in Chuuk. NR 11 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD DEC 12 PY 2007 VL 2 IS 12 AR e1283 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0001283 PG 5 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA V10JE UT WOS:000207459500002 PM 18074009 ER PT J AU Albalak, R O'Brien, RJ Kammerer, JS O'Brien, SM Marks, SM Castro, KG Moore, M AF Albalak, Rachel O'Brien, Richard J. Kammerer, J. Steve O'Brien, Sean M. Marks, Suzanne M. Castro, Kenneth G. Moore, Marisa TI Trends in tuberculosis/human immunodeficiency virus comorbidity, United States, 1993-2004 SO ARCHIVES OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS; DRUG-USERS; INFECTION; RISK; EPIDEMIOLOGY; DEATH AB Background: To our knowledge, this is the first assessment of trends in tuberculosis (TB)/human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) comorbidity in the United States based on national TB surveillance data. Methods: We analyzed all incident TB cases reported to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention national TB surveillance system from all 50 states and the District of Columbia from 1993 through 2004. Trends in TB/HIV cases were examined according to selected demographic and clinical characteristics. Results: Cases of TB/HIV decreased from 3681 (15% of 25 108 TB cases) in 1993 to 1187 (8% of 14 515 TB cases) in 2004, accounting for 23% of the overall decrease in TB cases during this period. The TB/HIV case rate decreased from 1.4/100 000 in 1993 to 0.4/100 000 in 2004. The highest TB/HIV comorbidity rates persisted in persons aged 25 to 44 years (13.8%), males (9.7%), US-born persons (10.7%), non-Hispanic blacks (17.8%), and persons from the Northeast (11.0%) and the South (10.1%). Propensity stratification, used to account for the unequal probability of patients with TB being tested for HIV during the study period, did not show important differences in TB/HIV comorbidity trends. Conclusions: Comorbidity due to TB/HIV decreased substantially between 1993 and 2004, primarily in US-born persons in states that experienced a TB resurgence between 1985 and 1992. These decreases coincide with improvements in TB control and advances in HIV treatment and diagnosis. The overall decreases obscure the wide variation in comorbidity that exists among some demographic groups and the recent slowing in the decline over the past 3 years. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, Atlanta, GA 30323 USA. Fdn Innovat New Diagnost, Geneva, Switzerland. Duke Univ, Sch Med, Clin Res Inst, Durham, NC USA. RP Albalak, R (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mail Stop E10, Atlanta, GA 30323 USA. EM rka3@cdc.gov RI O'Brien, Sean/H-6268-2013 NR 39 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610-0946 USA SN 0003-9926 J9 ARCH INTERN MED JI Arch. Intern. Med. PD DEC 10 PY 2007 VL 167 IS 22 BP 2443 EP 2452 DI 10.1001/archinte.167.22.2443 PG 10 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 239SI UT WOS:000251537600009 PM 18071166 ER PT J AU Majer, M Jones, JF Unger, ER Youngblood, LS Decker, MJ Gurbaxani, B Heim, C Reeves, WC AF Majer, Matthias Jones, James F. Unger, Elizabeth R. Youngblood, Laura Solomon Decker, Michael J. Gurbaxani, Brian Heim, Christine Reeves, William C. TI Perception versus polysomnographic assessment of sleep in CFS and non-fatigued control subjects: results from a population-based study SO BMC NEUROLOGY LA English DT Article ID CHRONIC-FATIGUE-SYNDROME; MONOZYGOTIC TWINS DISCORDANT; LATENCY TEST; CLINICAL-USE; DEFINITION; WICHITA; MSLT AB Background: Complaints of unrefreshing sleep are a prominent component of chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS); yet, polysomnographic studies have not consistently documented sleep abnormalities in CFS patients. We conducted this study to determine whether alterations in objective sleep characteristics are associated with subjective measures of poor sleep quality in persons with CFS. Methods: We examined the relationship between perceived sleep quality and polysomnographic measures of nighttime and daytime sleep in 35 people with CFS and 40 non-fatigued control subjects, identified from the general population of Wichita, Kansas and defined by empiric criteria. Perceived sleep quality and daytime sleepiness were assessed using clinical sleep questionnaires. Objective sleep characteristics were assessed by nocturnal polysomnography and daytime multiple sleep latency testing. Results: Participants with CFS reported unrefreshing sleep and problems sleeping during the preceding month significantly more often than did non-fatigued controls. Participants with CFS also rated their quality of sleep during the overnight sleep study as significantly worse than did control subjects. Control subjects reported significantly longer sleep onset latency than latency to fall asleep as measured by PSG and MSLT. There were no significant differences in sleep pathology or architecture between subjects with CFS and control subjects. Conclusion: People with CFS reported sleep problems significantly more often than control subjects. Yet, when measured these parameters and sleep architecture did not differ between the two subject groups. A unique finding requiring further study is that control, but not CFS subjects, significantly over reported sleep latency suggesting CFS subjects may have an increased appreciation of sleep behaviour that may contribute to their perception of sleep problems. C1 [Majer, Matthias; Jones, James F.; Unger, Elizabeth R.; Youngblood, Laura Solomon; Gurbaxani, Brian; Reeves, William C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Chron Viral Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Majer, Matthias; Heim, Christine] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Decker, Michael J.] Fus Sleep, Suwanee, GA USA. RP Reeves, WC (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Chron Viral Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM mmajer@emory.edu; jaj9@cdc.gov; eru0@cdc.gov; zfk9@cdc.gov; mdecker@fusionsleep.com; buw8@cdc.gov; cmheim@emory.edu; wcr1@cdc.gov RI Heim, Christine/A-1183-2009; OI Unger, Elizabeth/0000-0002-2925-5635 NR 36 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 3 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2377 J9 BMC NEUROL JI BMC Neurol. PD DEC 5 PY 2007 VL 7 AR 40 DI 10.1186/1471-2377-7-40 PG 9 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 261VR UT WOS:000253108600001 PM 18053240 ER PT J AU Wooten, KG Darling, N Singleton, JA Shefer, A AF Wooten, K. G. Darling, N. Singleton, J. A. Shefer, A. CA CDC TI National, state, and local area vaccination coverage among children aged 19-35 months - United States, 2006 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 56, pg 880-885, 2007) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint C1 CDC, Immunizat Svcs Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Wooten, KG (reprint author), CDC, Immunizat Svcs Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD DEC 5 PY 2007 VL 298 IS 21 BP 2475 EP 2476 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 237GJ UT WOS:000251361900009 ER PT J AU Gail, MH Costantino, JP Pee, D Bondy, M Newman, L Selvan, M Anderson, GL Malone, KE Marchbanks, PA McCaskill-Stevens, W Norman, SA Simon, MS Spirtas, R Ursin, G Bernstein, L AF Gail, Mitchell H. Costantino, Joseph P. Pee, David Bondy, Melissa Newman, Lisa Selvan, Mano Anderson, Garnet L. Malone, Kathleen E. Marchbanks, Polly A. McCaskill-Stevens, Worta Norman, Sandra A. Simon, Michael S. Spirtas, Robert Ursin, Giske Bernstein, Leslie TI Projecting individualized absolute invasive breast cancer risk in African American women SO JOURNAL OF THE NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE LA English DT Article ID REPRODUCTIVE EXPERIENCES; ATTRIBUTABLE RISK; WHITE; VALIDATION; PREDICTION; MODELS AB Background The Breast Cancer Risk Assessment Tool of the National Cancer Institute (NCI) is widely used for counseling and determining eligibility for breast cancer prevention trials, although its validity for projecting risk in African American women is uncertain. We developed a model for projecting absolute risk of invasive breast cancer in African American women and compared its projections with those from the Breast Cancer Risk Assessment Tool. Methods Data from 1607 African American women with invasive breast cancer and 1647 African American control subjects in the Women's Contraceptive and Reproductive Experiences (CARE) Study were used to compute relative and attributable risks that were based on age at menarche, number of affected mother or sisters, and number of previous benign biopsy examinations. Absolute risks were obtained by combining this information with data on invasive breast cancer incidence in African American women from the NCI's Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results Program and with national mortality data. Eligibility screening data from the Study of Tamoxifen and Raloxifene (STAR) trial were used to determine how the new model would affect eligibility, and independent data from the Women's Health Initiative (WHI) were used to assess how well numbers of invasive breast cancers predicted by the new model agreed with observed cancers. Results Tables and graphs for estimating relative risks and projecting absolute invasive breast cancer risk with confidence intervals were developed for African American women. Relative risks for family history and number of biopsies and attributable risks estimated from the CARE population were lower than those from the Breast Cancer Risk Assessment Tool, as was the discriminatory accuracy (i.e., concordance). Using eligibility screening data from the STAR trial, we estimated that 30.3% of African American women would have had 5-year invasive breast cancer risks of at least 1.66% by use of the CARE model, compared with only 14.5% by use of the Breast Cancer Risk Assessment Tool. The numbers of cancers predicted by the CARE model agreed well with observed numbers of cancers (i.e., it was well calibrated) in data from the WHI, except that it underestimated risk in African American women with breast biopsy examinations. Conclusions The CARE model usually gave higher risk estimates for African American women than the Breast Cancer Risk Assessment Tool and is recommended for counseling African American women regarding their risk of breast cancer. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. Womens Hlth Initiat Clin Coordinating Ctr, Seattle, WA USA. Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr, Div Publ Hlth Sci, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. Informat Management Serv Inc, Rockville, MD USA. Wayne State Univ, Div Hematol & Oncol, Karmanos Canc Inst, Detroit, MI USA. Univ Michigan, Breast Care Ctr, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. NCI, Div Canc Prevent, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NICHHD, Contracept & Reprod Branch, Populat Res Ctr, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Univ Penn, Sch Med, Ctr Clin Epidemiol & Biostat, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Sch Med, Dept Biostat & Epidemiol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Grad Sch Publ Hlth, Pittsburgh, PA USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Biostat, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. Univ So Calif, Dept Prevent Med, Keck Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. Univ So Calif, Norris Comprehens Canc Med, Los Angeles, CA USA. Univ Texas MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Dept Epidemiol, Houston, TX USA. Univ Texas MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Dept Clin Effectiveness, Houston, TX USA. RP Gail, MH (reprint author), NCI, Div Canc Epidemiol & Genet, Execut Plaza S Rm 8032, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM gailm@mail.nih.gov FU Intramural NIH HHS; NCI NIH HHS [U10-CA-37377, U10-CA-69974, U10CA-12027, U10CA-69651]; NICHD NIH HHS [N01-HD-2-3168, N01-HD-2-3166, N01-HD-3-3174, N01-HD-3-3175, N01-HD-3-3176, Y01-HD-7022] NR 18 TC 122 Z9 125 U1 0 U2 5 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0027-8874 J9 J NATL CANCER I JI J. Natl. Cancer Inst. PD DEC 5 PY 2007 VL 99 IS 23 BP 1782 EP 1792 DI 10.1093/jnci/djm223 PG 11 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 239VE UT WOS:000251545600010 PM 18042936 ER PT J AU Belsher, JL Gay, P Brinton, M DellaValla, J Ridenour, R Lanciotti, R Perelygin, A Zaki, S Paddock, C Querec, T Zhu, T Pulendran, B Eidex, RB Hayes, E AF Belsher, Jon L. Gay, Peter Brinton, Margo DellaValla, Joseph Ridenour, Robert Lanciotti, Robert Perelygin, Andrey Zaki, Sherif Paddock, Christopher Querec, Troy Zhu, Tuofu Pulendran, Bali Eidex, Rachel B. Hayes, Edward TI Fatal multiorgan failure due to yellow fever vaccine-associated viscerotropic disease SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE yellow fever; yellow fever vaccine-associated viscerotropic disease; yellow fever vaccination ID WEST-NILE-VIRUS; ADHESION MOLECULE-3-GRABBING NONINTEGRIN; SERIOUS ADVERSE EVENTS; POLYMORPHISMS; SYNTHETASE; GENE; INFECTION; HIV-1; RISK; CCR5 AB Yellow fever vaccine-associated viscerotropic disease (YEL-AVD) is a rare complication of yellow fever (YF) vaccination. A previously healthy 22-year-old female died following YF vaccination despite aggressive measures. Serial viral load titers, cytokine levels and host genetic factors were evaluated in an attempt to understand this unusual and lethal outcome. The patient's high-titer vaccine viremia and possibly related minor genetic anomalies provide clues to exploring the etiology of YEL-AVD. (c) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Belsher, Jon L.; Gay, Peter; Ridenour, Robert] Mayo Clin, Coll Med, Rochester, MN 55905 USA. [Brinton, Margo; Perelygin, Andrey] Georgia State Univ, Atlanta, GA USA. [DellaValla, Joseph] Portage Hlth Syst, Hancock, MI USA. [Lanciotti, Robert; Hayes, Edward] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Zaki, Sherif; Paddock, Christopher] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Querec, Troy; Pulendran, Bali] Emory Vaccine Ctr, Atlanta, GA USA. [Zhu, Tuofu] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA USA. RP Gay, P (reprint author), Mayo Clin, Coll Med, Rochester, MN 55905 USA. EM pgay@mayo.edu RI Zhu, Tuofu/G-6158-2010 NR 23 TC 47 Z9 50 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD DEC 5 PY 2007 VL 25 IS 50 BP 8480 EP 8485 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2007.08.061 PG 6 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 247KX UT WOS:000252079000016 PM 18023511 ER PT J AU Budnitz, DS Shehab, N Kegler, SR Richards, CL AF Budnitz, Daniel S. Shehab, Nadine Kegler, Scott R. Richards, Chesley L. TI Medication use leading to emergency department visits for adverse drug events in older adults SO ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID NURSING-HOME RESIDENTS; POTENTIALLY INAPPROPRIATE; ELDERLY OUTPATIENTS; BEERS CRITERIA; EXPLICIT CRITERIA; AMBULATORY-CARE; BLEEDING COMPLICATIONS; NATIONAL SURVEILLANCE; ORAL ANTICOAGULATION; REGULATORY ACTION AB Background: The Beers criteria identify inappropriate use of medications in older adults. The number of and risk for adverse events from these medications are unknown. Objective: To estimate the number of and risk for emergency department visits for adverse events involving Beers criteria medications compared with other medications. Design: Nationally representative, public health surveillance of adverse drug events and a cross-sectional survey of outpatient medical visits. Setting: National Electronic Injury Surveillance System-Cooperative Adverse Drug Event Surveillance System, 2004 - 2005; National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey, 2004; and National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey, 2004. Participants: Persons 65 years of age or older seeking emergency department and outpatient care. Measurements: Estimated number of and risks for emergency department visits for adverse drug events involving Beers criteria medications and other medications. Results: Among U. S. patients 65 years of age or older, an estimated 177 504 emergency department visits (95% Cl, 100 155 to 254 854 visits) for adverse drug events occurred both years. An estimated 3.6% (Cl, 2.8% to 4.5%) of these visits were for adverse events medications considered to be always potentially inappropriate, according to the Beers criteria, and 33.3% (Cl, 27.8% to 38.7%) of visits were for adverse events from 3 other medications ( warfarin [17.3%], insulin [13.0%], and digoxin [3.2%]). Accounting for outpatient prescription frequency, the risk for emergency department visits for adverse events due to these 3 medications was 35 times (Cl, 9.6 to 61) greater than that for medications considered to be always potentially inappropriate. Limitation: Adverse events were identified only in emergency departments. Conclusion: Compared with other medications, Beers criteria medications caused low numbers of and few risks for emergency department visits for adverse events. Performance measures and interventions targeting warfarin, insulin, and digoxin use could prevent more emergency department visits for adverse events. C1 CDCP, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. CDCP, Coordinating Ctr Environm Hlth & Injury Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Budnitz, DS (reprint author), CDCP, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop A-24, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 69 TC 262 Z9 273 U1 3 U2 13 PU AMER COLL PHYSICIANS PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE MALL WEST 6TH AND RACE ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-1572 USA SN 0003-4819 EI 1539-3704 J9 ANN INTERN MED JI Ann. Intern. Med. PD DEC 4 PY 2007 VL 147 IS 11 BP 755 EP U26 PG 12 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 239SX UT WOS:000251539100002 PM 18056659 ER PT J AU Bernhardt, JM Usdan, S Mays, D Arriola, KJ Martin, RJ Cremeens, J McGill, T Weitzel, JA AF Bernhardt, Jay M. Usdan, Stuart Mays, Darren Arriola, Kimberly Jacob Martin, Ryan J. Cremeens, Jennifer McGill, Tia Weitzel, Jessica Aungst TI Alcohol assessment using wireless handheld computers: A pilot study SO ADDICTIVE BEHAVIORS LA English DT Article DE alcohol assessment; college students; handheld computers ID DRINKING AB The present study sought to test the feasibility of measuring quantity and frequency of self-reported alcohol consumption among college students using the Handheld Assisted Network Diary (HAND) by comparing results to a retrospective Timeline Followback (TLFB). A total of 40 undergraduate college students completed a HAND assessment during the two-week study period and completed a TLFB at follow-up. The HAND recorded similar levels of alcohol consumption compared to the TLFB. There were no significant differences in overall alcohol consumption, drinks per drinking day, or heavy drinking days between the two methods of assessment. Handheld computers may represent a useful tool for assessing daily alcohol use among college students. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Alabama, Dept Hlth Sci, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. Emory Univ, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. SUNY Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. RP Usdan, S (reprint author), Univ Alabama, Dept Hlth Sci, Box 870311, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA. EM susdan@ches.ua.edu OI Bernhardt, Jay/0000-0002-2045-4005 FU NIAAA NIH HHS [R21 AA013969-02, R21 AA013969, R21 AA013969-01A1] NR 11 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0306-4603 J9 ADDICT BEHAV JI Addict. Behav. PD DEC PY 2007 VL 32 IS 12 BP 3065 EP 3070 DI 10.1016/j.addbeh.2007.04.012 PG 6 WC Psychology, Clinical; Substance Abuse SC Psychology; Substance Abuse GA 231XJ UT WOS:000250982200031 PM 17499442 ER PT J AU Gostin, LO Berkman, BE AF Gostin, Lawrence O. Berkman, Benjamin E. TI Pandemic influenza: Ethics, law, and the public's health SO ADMINISTRATIVE LAW REVIEW LA English DT Review ID ACUTE RESPIRATORY SYNDROME; AVIAN INFLUENZA; A H5N1; INFECTIOUS-DISEASES; FLU VACCINE; STRATEGIES; VIRUS; MODEL; SARS; BIOTERRORISM C1 Georgetown Univ, Ctr Law, Washington, DC 20057 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. World Hlth Org, Collaborating Ctr, Geneva, Switzerland. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Gostin, LO (reprint author), Georgetown Univ, Ctr Law, Washington, DC 20057 USA. NR 148 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER BAR ASSOC, ADMINISTRATIVE LAW & REGULATORY PRACTICE SECTION PI CHICAGO PA 321 N CLARK ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610 USA SN 0001-8368 J9 ADMIN LAW REV JI Adm. Law Rev. PD WIN PY 2007 VL 59 IS 1 BP 121 EP 175 PG 55 WC Law SC Government & Law GA 149QR UT WOS:000245162200004 ER PT J AU Plate, DK Wiktor, S Demby, A Crippen, P Diaz, T Plate, D Rayfield, M Branson, B Granade, T Tanuri, A Lewis, K Bond, K Respess, R Downer, M Hearn, T Ridderhof, J Merlin, T Gershy-Damet, G AF Plate, David K. Wiktor, S. Demby, A. Crippen, P. Diaz, T. Plate, D. Rayfield, M. Branson, B. Granade, T. Tanuri, A. Lewis, K. Bond, K. Respess, R. Downer, M. Hearn, T. Ridderhof, J. Merlin, T. Gershy-Damet, G. CA Rapid HIV Test Evaluation Working TI Evaluation and implementation of rapid HIV tests: The experience in 11 African countries SO AIDS RESEARCH AND HUMAN RETROVIRUSES LA English DT Article ID FIELD-EVALUATION; DIFFERENTIATION; INFECTION; DIAGNOSIS AB Rapid HIV testing enables HIV prevention and care services to expand to settings with limited laboratory infrastructure. The World Health Organization recommends that prior to their implementation, rapid HIV tests first be evaluated at a reference laboratory and then at points-of-service, and that measures to ensure quality of testing be in place. We describe the experience of 11 African countries that implemented rapid HIV testing using this process. A questionnaire regarding rapid test evaluations and quality assurance measures was administered to personnel in ministries of health, reference laboratories, and Centers for Disease control and Prevention programs in 11 African countries. In reference laboratory evaluations, median sensitivity was above 99% for 10 of 15 rapid tests and median specificity was above 99% for 13 of 15 rapid tests. Similar results were observed in evaluations at point-of-service sites. Rapid testing algorithms have been implemented in over 600 sites in nine of the countries. Concordance between point-of-service rapid testing and reference laboratory retesting of samples ranged from 95.7% to 99.5% (median: 98.7%). A systematic approach to the evaluation and implementation of rapid HIV tests was useful in ensuring accurate, decentralized testing even when conducted by persons with limited laboratory experience. C1 [Wiktor, S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, Global AIDS Program, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Wiktor, S (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent, Global AIDS Program, 1600 Clifton Rd Mail Stop E-30, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM wiktors@tz.cdc.gov NR 17 TC 55 Z9 56 U1 0 U2 1 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 0889-2229 J9 AIDS RES HUM RETROV JI Aids Res. Hum. Retrovir. PD DEC PY 2007 VL 23 IS 12 BP 1491 EP 1498 DI 10.1089/aid.2007.0020 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA 246PL UT WOS:000252019200006 PM 18160006 ER PT J AU Beck, LF Dellinger, AM AF Beck, Laurie F. Dellinger, Ann M. TI Re: "Motor vehicle crash injury rates by mode of travel, United States: Using exposure-based methods to quantify differences" - Reply SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Letter C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Beck, LF (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM LBeck@cdc.gov NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD DEC 1 PY 2007 VL 166 IS 11 DI 10.1093/aje/kwm287 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 232QN UT WOS:000251034300019 ER PT J AU Bush-Knapp, ME Brinsley-Rainisch, KJ Lawton-Ciccarone, RM Sinkowitz-Cochran, RL Dressler, DD Budnitz, T Williams, MV AF Bush-Knapp, Megan E. Brinsley-Rainisch, Kristin J. Lawton-Ciccarone, Rachel M. Sinkowitz-Cochran, Ronda L. Dressler, Daniel D. Budnitz, Tina Williams, Mark V. TI Spreading the word, not the infection: Reaching hospitalists about the prevention of antimicrobial resistance SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INFECTION CONTROL LA English DT Article ID CONTINUING MEDICAL-EDUCATION; HAND HYGIENE; CARE; PERCEPTIONS; SYSTEM; PRECAUTIONS; PHYSICIANS; BEHAVIOR; BELIEFS; IMPACT AB Background: To reach and engage hospitalists in the prevention of antimicrobial resistance, the Society of Hospital Medicine and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention developed and conducted a quality improvement workshop based on the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Campaign to Prevent Antimicrobial Resistance in Healthcare Settings. Methods: we aimed to examine motivating factors, perceived barriers, and cues to action for hospitalists to learn about and engage in the prevention of antimicrobial resistance and to determine whether a workshop can facilitate the implementation of a quality improvement project. Using the Health Belief Model as a theoretical framework, we interviewed hospitalists who attended (attendees) and did not attend (nonattendees) the workshop. Data were qualitatively coded and analyzed. Results: Nine attendees and 10 nonattendees participated in interviews. Motivating factors for attending the workshop included an interest in the topic of quality improvement and antimicrobial resistance prevention, the promotion of the workshop by institutions and colleagues, the opportunity to network with colleagues, and the qualifications of the presenter. Barriers to involvement in quality improvement efforts and the prevention of antimicrobial resistance for both attendees and nonattendees included perceived lack of time. other institutional priorities, and lack of administrative and institutional support. Attendees and nonattendees also identified perceived effective and preferred methods for receiving information about antimicrobial resistance, such as workshops and presentations, e-mail, institutional involvement, and the Internet. Overall, attendees thought that the workshop could be effective in facilitating the implementation of a quality improvement project. Conclusion: By considering factors that influence behavioral change, interventions, such as the Society of Hospital Medicine workshop. have the ability to reach and engage clinicians such as hospitalists in quality improvement efforts to prevent antimicrobial resistance and improve adherence to infection control strategies. Furthermore, this study demonstrated that the Health Belief Model can provide an applicable framework for examining factors that influence clinician behavior. C1 [Bush-Knapp, Megan E.; Brinsley-Rainisch, Kristin J.; Lawton-Ciccarone, Rachel M.; Sinkowitz-Cochran, Ronda L.] Emory Univ, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, US Dept Hlth & Human Serv,Div Healthcare Qual, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Dressler, Daniel D.; Williams, Mark V.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Budnitz, Tina] Soc Hosp Med, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Brinsley-Rainisch, KJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, 1600 Clifton Rd MS A-31, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. EM AOF4@cdc.gov NR 28 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 4 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0196-6553 J9 AM J INFECT CONTROL JI Am. J. Infect. Control PD DEC PY 2007 VL 35 IS 10 BP 656 EP 661 DI 10.1016/j.ajic.2007.03.006 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 241UB UT WOS:000251680200005 PM 18063130 ER PT J AU Siegel, JD Rhinehart, E Jackson, M Chiarello, L AF Siegel, Jane D. Rhinehart, Emily Jackson, Marguerite Chiarello, Linda CA Healthcare Infect Control Practice TI Management of multidrug-resistant organisms in health care settings, 2006 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INFECTION CONTROL LA English DT Review ID LONG-TERM-CARE; NEONATAL INTENSIVE-CARE; SPECTRUM BETA-LACTAMASE; BLOOD-STREAM INFECTIONS; STAPHYLOCOCCUS-AUREUS INFECTION; GRAM-NEGATIVE BACILLI; MULTIRESISTANT ACINETOBACTER-BAUMANNII; FIELD GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS; UNITED-STATES HOSPITALS; PSEUDOMONAS-AERUGINOSA INFECTIONS C1 [Siegel, Jane D.] Univ Texas SW Med Ctr Dallas, Dept Pediat, Dallas, TX 75390 USA. [Rhinehart, Emily] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Med, Natl TB Curriculum Consortium, Adm Unit, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. [Jackson, Marguerite] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Siegel, JD (reprint author), Univ Texas SW Med Ctr Dallas, Dept Pediat, Dallas, TX 75390 USA. NR 409 TC 278 Z9 294 U1 1 U2 11 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0196-6553 J9 AM J INFECT CONTROL JI Am. J. Infect. Control PD DEC PY 2007 VL 35 IS 10 SU 2 BP S165 EP S193 DI 10.1016/ajic.2007.10.006 PG 29 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 243NF UT WOS:000251803900002 PM 18068814 ER PT J AU Selvin, E Manzi, J Stevens, LA Van Lente, F Lacher, DA Levey, AS Coresh, J AF Selvin, Elizabeth Manzi, Jane Stevens, Lesley A. Van Lente, Frederick Lacher, David A. Levey, Andrew S. Coresh, Josef TI Calibration of serum creatinine in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) 1988-1994, 1999-2004 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF KIDNEY DISEASES LA English DT Article DE serum creatinine; calibration; NHANES; national surveys ID GLOMERULAR-FILTRATION-RATE; DISEASE AB Background: The calibration of serum creatinine values to standardized creatinine and the commutability of serum creatinine across surveys are essential to the correct use of National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data for kidney function and for generating estimates of the burden of kidney disease in the United States. Study Design: Calibration study of serum creatinine in NHANES III (1988-1994) and NHANES 1999-2000, 2001-2002, and 2003-2004 to directly compare creatinine measurements from the original surveys with standard creatinine measured using an assay traceable to known gold-standard methods. We also assessed predictors of differences between methods (potential interferences) in this general population. Setting & Participants: The NHANES are ongoing cross-sectional surveys of the civilian noninstitutionalized population of the United States. We selected random samples of approximately 200 stored specimens from persons aged 60 years or older from each survey (NHANES III, 1999-2000, 2001-2002, and 2003-2004). Measurements: Stored serum specimens from the 4 NHANES surveys were analyzed for serum creatinine by using a Roche enzymatic assay implemented at the Cleveland Clinic Research Laboratory (CCRL). The Roche assay is traceable to gold-standard reference methods. The original NHANES serum creatinine values were obtained using the Jaffe method (kinetic alkaline picrate) implemented in several different laboratories. Results: Overall agreement between the original NHANES values (Jaffe method) and CCRL measurements (Roche enzymatic) was high, but substantial biases were observed in NHANES III and 1999-2000. No bias was observed in NHANES 2001-2002 and 2003-2004. Final calibration equations to correct serum creatinine values in the relevant surveys are provided. Assay differences were independent of sex, race/ethnicity, and bilirubin and triglyceride levels, but weakly related to age and glucose concentration. Limitations: We were not able to examine drift in measurements over time within each survey or directly evaluate freeze-thaw effects. Conclusions: The magnitude of differences in serum creatinine measurements in NHANES III and 1999-2000 from standard creatinine would result in large differences in estimates of kidney function (10% to 20%). Thus, correction of original creatinine values in NHANES III and 1999-2000 is essential, but no correction is needed for NHANES 2001-2002 or 2003-2004. C1 [Selvin, Elizabeth; Coresh, Josef] Johns Hopkins Univ, Welch Ctr Prevent Epidemiol & Clin Res, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA. [Selvin, Elizabeth; Manzi, Jane; Coresh, Josef] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Stevens, Lesley A.; Levey, Andrew S.] Tufts Univ New England Med Ctr, Div Nephrol, Boston, MA USA. [Van Lente, Frederick] Cleveland Clin Fdn, Cleveland, OH 44195 USA. [Lacher, David A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. RP Coresh, J (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Welch Ctr Prevent Epidemiol & Clin Res, 2024 E Monument,Ste 2-600, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA. EM coresh@jhu.edu FU NCRR NIH HHS [RR00722]; NIDDK NIH HHS [K01 DK076595-01, K01 DK076595, R21DK67651, UO1 DK 053869, UO1 DK 067651] NR 15 TC 172 Z9 172 U1 1 U2 9 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0272-6386 J9 AM J KIDNEY DIS JI Am. J. Kidney Dis. PD DEC PY 2007 VL 50 IS 6 BP 918 EP 926 DI 10.1053/j.ajkd.2007.08.020 PG 9 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 285TO UT WOS:000254799300005 PM 18037092 ER PT J AU Henderson, Z Power, M Lackritz, E Bergheilla, V Schulkin, J AF Henderson, Zsakeba Power, Michael Lackritz, Eve Bergheilla, Vincenzo Schulkin, Jay TI Use of progesterone to prevent preterm births: Attitudes and practices of US obstetrician-gynecologists SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 28th Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Maternal-Fetal-Medicine CY JAN 28-FEB 02, 2008 CL Dallas, TX SP Soc Maternal Fetal Med C1 [Henderson, Zsakeba; Lackritz, Eve] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Power, Michael; Schulkin, Jay] Amer Coll Obstetricians & Gynecologists, Dept Res, Washington, DC USA. [Bergheilla, Vincenzo] Thomas Jefferson Univ, Div Maternal Fetal Med, Philadelphia, PA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0002-9378 J9 AM J OBSTET GYNECOL JI Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. PD DEC PY 2007 VL 197 IS 6 SU S MA 723 BP S206 EP S206 DI 10.1016/j.ajog.2007.10.752 PG 1 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 242EY UT WOS:000251708500715 ER PT J AU Pridjian, G Wesson, D Mcrae, S Swan, K Hinckley, A Xiong, X Kissinger, P Sirois, P Hayes, E Rasmussen, S Kuhn, S O'Leary, D Henson, M Buekens, P AF Pridjian, Gabriella Wesson, Dawn Mcrae, Scott Swan, Ken Hinckley, Alison Xiong, Xu Kissinger, Patricia Sirois, Patricia Hayes, Edward Rasmussen, Sonja Kuhn, Stephanie O'Leary, Dan Henson, Michael Buekens, Pierre TI West Nile virus and pregnancy outcomes SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 28th Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Maternal-Fetal-Medicine CY JAN 28-FEB 02, 2008 CL Dallas, TX SP Soc Maternal Fetal Med C1 [Pridjian, Gabriella; Wesson, Dawn; Mcrae, Scott; Swan, Ken; Xiong, Xu; Kissinger, Patricia; Sirois, Patricia; Buekens, Pierre] Tulane Univ, New Orleans, LA 70118 USA. [Hinckley, Alison; Hayes, Edward; Kuhn, Stephanie; O'Leary, Dan] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Rasmussen, Sonja] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Henson, Michael] Purdue Univ Calumet, Hammond, LA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0002-9378 J9 AM J OBSTET GYNECOL JI Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. PD DEC PY 2007 VL 197 IS 6 SU S MA 649 BP S187 EP S187 DI 10.1016/j.ajog.2007.10.676 PG 1 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 242EY UT WOS:000251708500641 ER PT J AU Carmichael, SL Shaw, GM Ma, C Werler, MM Rasmussen, SA Lammer, EJ AF Carmichael, Suzan L. Shaw, Gary M. Ma, Chen Werler, Martha M. Rasmussen, Sonja A. Lammer, Edward J. TI Maternal corticosteroid use and orofacial clefts SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE corticosteroid; orofacial cleft ID BIRTH-DEFECTS PREVENTION; ORAL CLEFTS; PREGNANCY; EXPOSURE; BETAMETHASONE; METAANALYSIS; ABSORPTION; CORTISOL; STRESS; PALATE AB OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to examine whether maternal corticosteroid use during pregnancy is associated with delivering an infant with an orofacial cleft. STUDY DESIGN: This study included data on deliveries from the National Birth Defects Prevention Study, which is a population-based case-control study. Exposures were assessed by telephone interviews for mothers of 1141 cases with cleft lip +/- cleft palate (CLP), 628 with cleft palate (CP), and 4143 controls. RESULTS: Mothers of 33 infants with CLP (2.9%), mothers of 6 infants with CP (1.0%), and 72 control subjects (1.7%) reported corticosteroid use from 4 weeks before through 12 weeks after conception. The crude odds ratio for "any" vs "no" use was 1.7 (95% CI, 1.1-2.6) for CLP and 0.5 (0.2-1.3) for CP. When analyzed by route of administration and medication components, odds ratios for CLP tended to be elevated, and odds ratios for CP tended to be close to 1. CONCLUSION: Our results suggest a moderately increased risk of CLP among women who use corticosteroids during early pregnancy. C1 [Carmichael, Suzan L.; Shaw, Gary M.; Ma, Chen] Calif Dept Hlth Serv, March Dimes Fdn, California Birth Defects Monitoring Program, Berkeley, CA 94704 USA. [Werler, Martha M.] Boston Univ, Slone Epidemiol Ctr, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Rasmussen, Sonja A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabilities, Atlanta, GA USA. [Lammer, Edward J.] Childrens Hosp, Oakland Res Inst, Oakland, CA 94609 USA. RP Carmichael, SL (reprint author), March Dimes Fdn, 5700 Martin Luther King Jr Way, Oakland, CA USA. EM SCarmichael@marchofdimes.com RI Publications, NBDPS/B-7692-2013; OI Werler, Martha/0000-0003-3392-6814 FU PHS HHS [U50/CCU913241] NR 29 TC 37 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 1 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0002-9378 J9 AM J OBSTET GYNECOL JI Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol. PD DEC PY 2007 VL 197 IS 6 AR 585.e1 DI 10.1016/j.ajog.2007.05.046 PG 7 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 241SI UT WOS:000251675700008 PM 18060943 ER PT J AU Kempe, A Daley, MF Stokley, S Crane, LA Beaty, BL Barrow, J Babbel, C Dickinson, M AF Kempe, Allison Daley, Matthew F. Stokley, Shannon Crane, Lori A. Beaty, Brenda L. Barrow, Jennifer Babbel, Christine Dickinson, Miriam TI Impact of a severe influenza vaccine shortage on primary care practice SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID COMMON OUTCOMES; RELATIVE RISK; UNITED-STATES; US; PHYSICIANS; ATTITUDES; COHORT AB Background: Because of influenza vaccine shortages during the 2004-2005 influenza season, vaccine was targeted for high-risk priority groups. Objectives: To assess among primary care physicians: (1) ability to identify priority patients; (2) extent of shortages; and (3) effects of shortages on vaccine redistribution, patient referral and future plans for vaccine delivery. Methods: Mailed surveys of pediatric (Peds), family medicine (FM), and general internal medicine (GIM) physicians randomly selected from the American Medical Association master file. Results: Response rate was 37% and the study population included 377 Peds, 319 FM, and 251 GIM physicians. Seventy-five percent of Peds, 58% of FM and 60% of GIM had some method to identify priority patients, although only 39%, 21%, and 18%, respectively, had a computerized method. Forty-five percent of Peds, 73% of FM, and 75% of GIM experienced shortages, for a median of 2-3 months. Approximately 48%-50% of Peds, FM, and GIM obtained additional influenza doses; among these, 53% received vaccine from a public health entity. Fifty-one percent of Peds, 79% of FM, and 80% of GIM referred high-risk patients for immunization, 94% of the time to a public health clinic. More than 95% planned to administer influenza vaccine next season. Conclusions: The majority of physicians experienced influenza vaccine shortages for prioritized patients, especially those providers caring for adults. There was significant vaccine redistribution and patient referral, primarily involving the public health system. Enhancing methods of targeting priority patients and increasing cooperation with public health entities should be priorities in dealing with future influenza vaccine shortages. C1 Univ Colorado Denver & Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pediat, Denver, CO USA. Univ Colorado Denver & Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Prevent Med & Biometr, Denver, CO USA. Univ Colorado Denver & Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Family Med, Denver, CO USA. Univ Colorado Denver & Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Gen Internal Med, Denver, CO USA. Univ Colorado Denver & Hlth Sci Ctr, Colorado Hlth Outcomes Program, Denver, CO USA. Childrens Hosp, Childrens Outcomes Res Program, Denver, CO 80218 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Kempe, A (reprint author), 1056 E 19th Ave,B032, Denver, CO 80218 USA. EM Kempe.allison@tchden.org NR 28 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD DEC PY 2007 VL 33 IS 6 BP 486 EP 491 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2007.07.038 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 233OA UT WOS:000251099000008 PM 18022065 ER PT J AU Kidder, DP Wolitski, RJ Campsmith, ML Nakamura, GV AF Kidder, Daniel P. Wolitski, Richard J. Campsmith, Michael L. Nakamura, Glenn V. TI Health status, health care use, medication use, and medication adherence among homeless and housed people living with HIV/AIDS SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Article ID HIV RISK BEHAVIORS; SAN-FRANCISCO; DRUG-USERS; TUBERCULOSIS INFECTION; ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; PROTEASE INHIBITORS; INDIGENT POPULATION; AIDS SURVEILLANCE; VIRUS-INFECTION; HOUSING STATUS AB Objectives. We sought to compare health status, health care use, HIV anti-retroviral medication use, and HIV medication adherence among homeless and housed people with HlV/AIDS. Methods. Data were obtained from a cross-sectional, multisite behavioral survey of adults (N =7925) recently reported to be HIV positive. Results. At the time interviews were conducted, 304 respondents (4%) were homeless. Self-ratings of mental, physical, and overall health revealed that the health status of homeless respondents was poorer than that of housed respondents. Also, homeless respondents were more likely to be uninsured, to have visited an emergency department, and to have been admitted to a hospital. Homeless respondents had lower CD4 counts, were less likely to have taken HIV anti-retroviral medications, and were less adherent to their medication regimen. Homeless respondents needed more HIV social and medical services, but nearly all respondents in both groups had received needed services. Housing status remained a significant predictor of health and medication outcomes after we controlled for potential confounding variables. Conclusions. Homeless people with HIV/AIDS are at increased risk of negative health outcomes, and housing is a potentially important mechanism for improving the health of this vulnerable group. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS,Viral Hepatitis,STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Kidder, DP (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS,Viral Hepatitis,STD & TB Preven, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop E-04, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM dkidder@cdc.gov RI Wolitski, Richard/B-2323-2008 NR 52 TC 96 Z9 96 U1 2 U2 7 PU AMER PUBLIC HEALTH ASSOC INC PI WASHINGTON PA 800 I STREET, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20001-3710 USA SN 0090-0036 J9 AM J PUBLIC HEALTH JI Am. J. Public Health PD DEC PY 2007 VL 97 IS 12 BP 2238 EP 2245 DI 10.2105/AJPH.2006.090209 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 237SE UT WOS:000251395900032 PM 17971562 ER PT J AU Fishman, JA Greenwald, MA Kuehnert, MJ AF Fishman, J. A. Greenwald, M. A. Kuehnert, M. J. TI Enhancing transplant safety: A new era in the microbiologic evaluation of organ donors ? SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TRANSPLANTATION LA English DT Editorial Material ID WEST-NILE-VIRUS; RECIPIENTS; INFECTION; TRANSMISSION C1 Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Transplant Infect Dis Program, Boston, MA 02114 USA. Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Transplant Ctr, Boston, MA 02114 USA. US FDA, CDR,Off Cellular Tissue & Gene Therapies, US Publ Hlth Serv,Div Human Tissues, Ctr Biol Evaluat & Res, Bethesda, MD 20014 USA. CDC, Coordinating Ctr Infect Dis,US Publ Hlth Serv,CDR, Natl Ctr Preparedness Detect & Control Infect Dis, Div Healthcare Promot,Off Blood Organ & Other Tis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Fishman, JA (reprint author), Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Transplant Infect Dis Program, Boston, MA 02114 USA. EM jfishman@partners.org NR 11 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1600-6135 J9 AM J TRANSPLANT JI Am. J. Transplant. PD DEC PY 2007 VL 7 IS 12 BP 2652 EP 2654 DI 10.1111/j.1600-6143.2007.02023.x PG 3 WC Surgery; Transplantation SC Surgery; Transplantation GA 226JK UT WOS:000250585100003 PM 17983389 ER PT J AU Rowe, AK Steketee, RW AF Rowe, Alexander K. Steketee, Richard W. TI Predictions of the impact of malaria control efforts on all-cause child mortality in sub-Saharan Africa SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS; TREATED BED NETS; PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM; GAMBIAN CHILDREN; VERBAL AUTOPSY; MORBIDITY; COUNTRIES; HISTORY; DEATHS; BURDEN AB All-cause childhood mortality (ACCM) has been recommended as an indicator for evaluating the impact of malaria control efforts in parts of Africa where the malaria burden is high and vital registration systems are weak. As ACCM is not malaria-specific, we explored the relationship between ACCM and malaria mortality. First, we show that if malaria mortality is reduced by 50% in populations exposed to high-intensity malaria transmission, ACCM is predicted to decrease by approximate to 17% (plausible values range from 12% to 25%). Second, if malaria interventions are scaled-up from very low (2%) to reasonably high coverage levels (70%), epidemiologic models predict that ACCM would decrease, by approximate to 17% or 18% (precision estimate: 15-19%). These results suggest that if malaria interventions are scaled-up to reach or exceed 70% coverage, it is plausible that a goal of reducing malaria mortality by 50% could be achieved. It is also likely that a pair of "typical"-size mortality surveys could detect this ACCM change as being statistically significant. Although existing models have important limitations, they could be improved by incorporating empirical results during scale-up of multiple interventions and by adding precision estimates and sensitivity analyses. C1 [Rowe, Alexander K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Malaria Branch, Div Parasit Dis, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. PATH, Ferney Voltaire, France. RP Rowe, AK (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Malaria Branch, Div Parasit Dis, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Mailstop F22,4770 Buford Highway, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM axr9@cdc.gov NR 43 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD DEC PY 2007 VL 77 IS 6 SU S BP 48 EP 55 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 249FJ UT WOS:000252212600011 PM 18165474 ER PT J AU Smith, SC Joshi, UB Grabowsky, M Selanikio, J Nobiya, T Aapore, T AF Smith, Stephen C. Joshi, Uday B. Grabowsky, Mark Selanikio, Joel Nobiya, Theresa Aapore, Thomas TI Evaluation of bednets after 38 months of household use in northwest Ghana SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID INSECTICIDE-TREATED NETS; MOSQUITOS; TANZANIA; COVERAGE; CURTAINS; MALARIA AB A total of 255 bednets were collected 38 months after distribution in Lawra District of northwest Ghana to examine their physical condition and residual insecticide levels. Physical condition varied from nearly pristine to highly damaged. In 50 selected nets, 2023 holes >= 0.5 cm and 31 holes : 10 cm were counted. The incidence of holes increases toward the bottom edge of the net. Seam failures were found in 50% of the nets. Repairs, mostly sewn, were evident in 64% of the nets. Using a combination of bromine x-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectrometry, high-pressure liquid chromatography, and cone bioassays, it was determined that 14.9% of the nets had retained full insecticidal strength. These results highlight the value of real-world data on bednet longevity to guide decisions regarding mosquito control strategies, bednet purchasing, frequency of bednet replacement, and product development. C1 [Smith, Stephen C.; Joshi, Uday B.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Smith, Stephen C.; Joshi, Uday B.; Grabowsky, Mark; Selanikio, Joel; Nobiya, Theresa; Aapore, Thomas] Atlanta Res & Educ Fdn, Decatur, GA USA. [Smith, Stephen C.; Joshi, Uday B.; Grabowsky, Mark; Selanikio, Joel; Nobiya, Theresa; Aapore, Thomas] Amer Red Cross, Washington, DC 20006 USA. [Selanikio, Joel] Data Dyne Grp, Washington, DC USA. [Nobiya, Theresa; Aapore, Thomas] Ghana Red Cross Soc, Accra, Ghana. [Grabowsky, Mark] Global Fund Fight AIDS TB & Malaria, CH-1214 Vernier, GE, Switzerland. RP Smith, SC (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis, 4770 Buford Highway,Mail Stop F-12, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM scsmith2@cdc.gov; ujoshi@cdc.gov; mark.grabowsky@theglobalfund.org; joel@datadynegroup.com; tessnob@yahoo.com; thomas_aapore@yahoo.com NR 15 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD DEC PY 2007 VL 77 IS 6 SU S BP 243 EP 248 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 249FJ UT WOS:000252212600036 PM 18165499 ER PT J AU Nahlen, BL Low-Beer, D AF Nahlen, Bernard L. Low-Beer, Daniel TI Building to collective impact: The global fund support for measuring reduction in the burden of malaria SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article AB The Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis, and Malaria was established in 2002 to fund substantial scaling-up coverage of proven and effective interventions to reduce infection, illness, and deaths in those communities most at risk. As of December 2006 the Global Fund has committed $2.6 billion over 5 years to support malaria prevention and control in 85 countries. The Global Fund has worked closely with Roll Back Malaria partners to develop consensus oil a set of outcome and impact indicators that have been incorporated into malaria grant agreements. Although the Global Fund has recommended that 5-10% of grant funds be invested in improving the capacity of the national monitoring and evaluation systems, ail average of only 3.9% is invested in these systems. Several countries are already demonstrating reductions in the malaria burden. To sustain the scale-up in funding to support malaria interventions, countries must ensure that resources are used now to show robust, systematic, and regular measurement of impact on the burden of malaria. C1 [Low-Beer, Daniel] Global Fund Fight AIDS TB & Malaria, Geneva, Switzerland. [Nahlen, Bernard L.; Low-Beer, Daniel] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Div Parasit Dis, Malaria Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Nahlen, Bernard L.; Low-Beer, Daniel] Univ Cambridge, Judge Business Sch, Cambridge Univ Hlth, Cambridge CB2 1TN, England. RP Nahlen, BL (reprint author), Room 3-6-18 RRB, Washington, DC 20523 USA. EM bnahlen@usaid.gov NR 21 TC 19 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD DEC PY 2007 VL 77 IS 6 SU S BP 321 EP 327 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 249FJ UT WOS:000252212600046 PM 18165509 ER PT J AU Eisen, RJ Glass, GE Eisen, L Cheek, J Enscore, RE Ettestad, P Gage, KL AF Eisen, Rebecca J. Glass, Gregory E. Eisen, Lars Cheek, James Enscore, Russell E. Ettestad, Paul Gage, Kenneth L. TI A spatial model of shared risk for plague and hantavirus pulmonary syndrome in the southwestern United States SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID SIN-NOMBRE-VIRUS; NEW-MEXICO; GENETIC IDENTIFICATION; RESERVOIR POPULATIONS; NATURAL-HISTORY; HUMAN EXPOSURE; HABITAT; INFECTIONS; PATTERNS; MAMMALS AB Plague and hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS) are severe, often fatal diseases in humans that share a broad epidemiologic focus in the southwestern United States. Prevention of these diseases relies heavily on education and reducing rodent abundance in peridomestic environments. Resources for these activities are limited. Therefore, identifying areas sharing elevated risk for these two relatively rare but severe diseases could be useful for targeting limited public health resources. Using logistic regression and geographic information system-based modeling, we identified environmental predictors of elevated risk for plague (distance to pinon-juniper ecotones and amount of precipitation) and HPS (elevation and amount of precipitation) in northeastern Arizona and northwestern New Mexico. Our models accurately identified case locations as suitable (producer accuracies of 93% for plague and 96% for HPS) and indicated that approximately half of the coverage area was classified as suitable risk for either plague or HPS. The probability of a site being classified as suitable for plague was strongly correlated with its probability of being classified as suitable for HPS (p(s) = 0.88). Increased risk for both diseases occurred for approximately 37% of the coverage area. C1 [Eisen, Rebecca J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Vector Borne Zoonotic & Enteric Dis, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, Ft Collins, CO 80522 USA. Johns Hopkins Bloomberg, Sch Publ Hlth, W Harry Feinstone Dept Mol Microbiol & Immunol, Baltimore, MD USA. Colorado State Univ, Dept Microbiol Immunol & Pathol, Ft Collins, CO USA. Indian Hlth Serv, Div Epidemiol & Dis Prevent, Albuquerque, NM USA. New Mexico Dept Hlth, Zoonoses Program, Santa Fe, NM USA. RP Eisen, RJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Vector Borne Zoonotic & Enteric Dis, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, 3150 Rampart Rd, Ft Collins, CO 80522 USA. EM dyn2@cdc.gov NR 44 TC 31 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD DEC PY 2007 VL 77 IS 6 BP 999 EP 1004 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 248AH UT WOS:000252123200002 PM 18165511 ER PT J AU Somi, MF Butler, JRG Vahid, F Njau, J Kachur, SP Abdulla, S AF Somi, Masha F. Butler, James R. G. Vahid, Farshid Njau, Joseph Kachur, S. Patrick Abdulla, Salim TI Is there evidence for dual causation between malaria and socioeconomic status? Findings from rural Tanzania SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID INSECTICIDE-TREATED NETS; RICE PRODUCTION SYSTEMS; RISK-FACTORS; COTE-DIVOIRE; SRI-LANKA; CHILDREN; BURDEN; AREA; TRANSMISSION; COMMUNITIES AB Malaria's relationship with socioeconomic status at the macroeconomic level has been established. This is the first study to explore this relationship at the microeconomic (household) level and estimate the direction of association. Malaria prevalence was measured by parasitemia, and household socioeconomic status was measured using an asset based index. Results from an instrumental variable probit model suggest that socioeconomic status is negatively associated with malaria parasitemia. Other variables that are significantly associated with parasitemia include age of the individual, use of a mosquito net on the night before interview, the number of people living in the household, whether the household was residing at their farm home at the time of interview, household wall construction, and the region of residence. Matching estimators indicate that malaria parasitemia is associated with reduced household socioeconomic status. C1 Australian Natl Univ, Australian Ctr Econ Res Hlth, Canberra, ACT, Australia. Australian Natl Univ, Sch Econ, Canberra, ACT, Australia. Ifakara Hlth Res & Dev Ctr, Morogoro, Tanzania. US PHS, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. Ifakara Hlth Res & Dev Ctr, Morogoro, Tanzania. RP Somi, MF (reprint author), Cnr Mills & Eggleston Rd, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia. EM masha.somi@anu.edu.au NR 48 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD DEC PY 2007 VL 77 IS 6 BP 1020 EP 1027 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 248AH UT WOS:000252123200006 PM 18165515 ER PT J AU Lederman, ER Reynolds, MG Karem, K Braden, Z Learned-Orozco, LA Wassa-Wassa, D Moundeli, O Hughes, C Harvey, J Regnery, R Mombouli, JV Damon, IK AF Lederman, Edith R. Reynolds, Mary G. Karem, Kevin Braden, Zachary Learned-Orozco, Lynne A. Wassa-Wassa, Demole Moundeli, Omba Hughes, Christine Harvey, Joseph Regnery, Russell Mombouli, Jean-Vivien Damon, Inger K. TI Prevalence of antibodies against orthopoxviruses among residents of Likouala region, Republic of Congo: Evidence for Monkeypox virus exposure SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID HUMAN INFECTION; COMMUNITY; DISEASE AB Monkeypox virus is a zoonotic orthopoxvirus (OPX) of west and central sub-Saharan Africa. We conducted a cross-sectional serosurvey in Likouala region, Republic of Congo to assess exposure to OPX. Whole blood was collected using Nobuto blood filter strips (NBFS). Titers of IgM and IgG to OPX were assessed using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Demographic and clinical characteristics were compared with serostatus using the chi-square test or Fisher's exact test. Multivariate logistic regression was performed to evaluate factors for independent association with serostatus. A total of 994 specimens were analyzed; the overall seroprevalence for OPX IgM was 1.7%. Age < 25 years reduced the likelihood of OPX exposure, and persons living in Ngangania village had independently higher odds (odds ratio = 33.5, 95% confidence interval = 7.2-166). Blood collection for serosurveys using NBFS is feasible and practical. Adult activities such as hunting and carcass preparation may play an important role in exposure to Monkeypox virus. C1 [Lederman, Edith R.] USN, Med Ctr, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. [Reynolds, Mary G.; Karem, Kevin; Braden, Zachary; Hughes, Christine; Regnery, Russell; Damon, Inger K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Poxvirus & Rabies Branch, Poxvirus Program, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. SUNY Buffalo, Sch Med, Buffalo, NY USA. Dist Hlth Off, Impfondo, Congo. Minist Hlth, Pointe Noire, Congo. Pioneer Christian Hosp, Impfondo, Congo. Natl Lab, Brazzaville, Congo. [Wassa-Wassa, Demole; Moundeli, Omba; Mombouli, Jean-Vivien] Marien Ngouabi Univ, Dept Microbiol, Brazzaville, Congo. [Harvey, Joseph] Mission GO Congo, Brazzaville, Congo. RP Lederman, ER (reprint author), USN, Med Ctr, 34800 Bob Wilson Dr, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. EM Edith.Lederman@med.navy.mil NR 24 TC 21 Z9 23 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 EI 1476-1645 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD DEC PY 2007 VL 77 IS 6 BP 1150 EP 1156 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 248AH UT WOS:000252123200030 PM 18165539 ER PT J AU Jones, JF AF Jones, James F. TI ALTERED SELF IN CFS SO ANNALS OF BEHAVIORAL MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Jones, James F.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0883-6612 J9 ANN BEHAV MED JI Ann. Behav. Med. PD DEC PY 2007 VL 33 BP S215 EP S215 PG 1 WC Psychology, Multidisciplinary SC Psychology GA 376LO UT WOS:000261185300843 ER PT J AU Kibler, JL Ma, M Bartholow, BN Durham, MD Sarpong, D Lally, MA Mayer, KH AF Kibler, Jeffrey L. Ma, Mindy Bartholow, Bradford N. Durham, Marcus D. Sarpong, Daniel Lally, Michelle A. Mayer, Kenneth H. TI CORRELATES OF WILLINGNESS TO PARTICIPATE IN MICROBICIDE RESEARCH AMONG AFRICAN AMERICAN ADULTS IN MISSISSIPPI SO ANNALS OF BEHAVIORAL MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Kibler, Jeffrey L.] Nova SE Univ, Ft Lauderdale, FL 33314 USA. [Ma, Mindy; Sarpong, Daniel] Jackson State Univ, Jackson, MS USA. [Bartholow, Bradford N.; Durham, Marcus D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Lally, Michelle A.; Mayer, Kenneth H.] Brown Univ, Sch Med, Providence, RI 02912 USA. EM kibler@nova.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0883-6612 J9 ANN BEHAV MED JI Ann. Behav. Med. PD DEC PY 2007 VL 33 BP S14 EP S14 PG 1 WC Psychology, Multidisciplinary SC Psychology GA 376LO UT WOS:000261185300050 ER PT J AU Ko, J Brown, DR Galuska, DA Zhang, J Blanck, HM Ainsworth, BE AF Ko, Jean Brown, David R. Galuska, Deborah A. Zhang, Jian Blanck, Heidi M. Ainsworth, Barbara E. TI WHAT ADVICE DO US OBESE ADULTS RECEIVE FROM THEIR HEALTH CARE PROFESSIONAL ABOUT WEIGHT CONTROL? SO ANNALS OF BEHAVIORAL MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Ko, Jean] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Mental Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. [Brown, David R.; Galuska, Deborah A.; Zhang, Jian; Blanck, Heidi M.] Ctr Dis Control Prevent, Div Nutr & Phys Act, Atlanta, GA USA. [Ainsworth, Barbara E.] Arizona State Univ, Dept Exercise & Wellness, Mesa, AZ USA. EM jyko@jhsph.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0883-6612 J9 ANN BEHAV MED JI Ann. Behav. Med. PD DEC PY 2007 VL 33 BP S137 EP S137 PG 1 WC Psychology, Multidisciplinary SC Psychology GA 376LO UT WOS:000261185300531 ER PT J AU Ko, J Brown, DR Galuska, DA Zhang, J Blanck, HM Ainsworth, BE AF Ko, Jean Brown, David R. Galuska, Deborah A. Zhang, Jian Blanck, Heidi M. Ainsworth, Barbara E. TI WHAT ADVICE DO US OBESE ADULTS RECEIVE FROM THEIR HEALTH CARE PROFESSIONAL ABOUT WEIGHT CONTROL? SO ANNALS OF BEHAVIORAL MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Ko, Jean] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Mental Hlth, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Brown, David R.; Galuska, Deborah A.; Zhang, Jian; Blanck, Heidi M.] Ctr Dis Control Prevent, Div Nutr & Phys Act, Atlanta, GA USA. [Ainsworth, Barbara E.] Arizona State Univ, Dept Exercise & Wellness, Mesa, AZ USA. EM jyko@jhsph.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0883-6612 J9 ANN BEHAV MED JI Ann. Behav. Med. PD DEC PY 2007 VL 33 BP S44 EP S44 PG 1 WC Psychology, Multidisciplinary SC Psychology GA 376LO UT WOS:000261185300168 ER PT J AU Powe, BD Ross, L Wilkerson, D Brooks, P Cooper, D AF Powe, Barbara D. Ross, Louie Wilkerson, Donoria Brooks, Patrice Cooper, Dexter TI TESTICULAR CANCER AMONG AFRICAN AMERICAN COLLEGE MEN: KNOWLEDGE, PERCEIVED RISK, AND PERCEPTIONS OF CANCER FATALISM SO ANNALS OF BEHAVIORAL MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Powe, Barbara D.; Wilkerson, Donoria; Brooks, Patrice; Cooper, Dexter] Amer Canc Soc, Behav Res Ctr, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. [Ross, Louie] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. EM barbara.powe@cancer.org NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0883-6612 J9 ANN BEHAV MED JI Ann. Behav. Med. PD DEC PY 2007 VL 33 BP S86 EP S86 PG 1 WC Psychology, Multidisciplinary SC Psychology GA 376LO UT WOS:000261185300333 ER PT J AU Pratt, L Weeks, JD AF Pratt, Laurie Weeks, Julie D. TI CORRELATES AND PREDICTORS OF HOUSEBOUND STATUS IN THE SECOND LONGITUDINAL STUDY ON AGING (LSOA II) SO ANNALS OF BEHAVIORAL MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Pratt, Laurie; Weeks, Julie D.] CDC, OAE, NCHS, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. EM lpratt@cdc.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0883-6612 J9 ANN BEHAV MED JI Ann. Behav. Med. PD DEC PY 2007 VL 33 BP S67 EP S67 PG 1 WC Psychology, Multidisciplinary SC Psychology GA 376LO UT WOS:000261185300259 ER PT J AU Reeves, WC Jones, JF Vernon, S AF Reeves, William C. Jones, James F. Vernon, Suzanne TI BIOBEHAVIORAL LINKAGES IN CHRONIC FATIGUE SYNDROME SO ANNALS OF BEHAVIORAL MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Reeves, William C.; Jones, James F.; Vernon, Suzanne] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0883-6612 J9 ANN BEHAV MED JI Ann. Behav. Med. PD DEC PY 2007 VL 33 SU 1 BP S215 EP S215 PG 1 WC Psychology, Multidisciplinary SC Psychology GA 376LO UT WOS:000261185300841 ER PT J AU Reeves, WC AF Reeves, William C. TI PERCEIVED VS. OBJECTIVE SLEEP ABNORMALITIES IN CFS SO ANNALS OF BEHAVIORAL MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Reeves, William C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0883-6612 J9 ANN BEHAV MED JI Ann. Behav. Med. PD DEC PY 2007 VL 33 SU 1 BP S215 EP S215 PG 1 WC Psychology, Multidisciplinary SC Psychology GA 376LO UT WOS:000261185300842 ER PT J AU Reeves, WC Heim, C Chalder, T White, P AF Reeves, William C. Heim, Christine Chalder, Trudie White, Peter TI FROM EFFICACY TO EFFECTIVENESS - ASSESSMENT AND TREATMENT OF CFS SO ANNALS OF BEHAVIORAL MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Reeves, William C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Chalder, Trudie] Kings Coll London, Inst Psychiat, Dept Psychol Med, London WC2R 2LS, England. [White, Peter] St Bartholomews Hosp, London, England. [Heim, Christine] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Atlanta, GA USA. EM wcr1@cdc.gov RI Heim, Christine/A-1183-2009 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0883-6612 J9 ANN BEHAV MED JI Ann. Behav. Med. PD DEC PY 2007 VL 33 BP S5 EP S5 PG 1 WC Psychology, Multidisciplinary SC Psychology GA 376LO UT WOS:000261185300018 ER PT J AU Ribeiro, IC Colugnati, F Taddei, JA Pratt, M AF Ribeiro, Isabela C. Colugnati, Fernando Taddei, Jose Augusto Pratt, Michael TI RISK FACTORS FOR WEIGHT GAIN AMONG BRAZILIAN ADOLESCENTS SO ANNALS OF BEHAVIORAL MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Ribeiro, Isabela C.; Pratt, Michael] CDC, DNPA Phys Activ & Hlth Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Ribeiro, Isabela C.; Colugnati, Fernando; Taddei, Jose Augusto] Univ Fed Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil. EM iribeiro@cdc.gov RI TADDEI, JOSE AUGUSTO/D-8216-2015 OI TADDEI, JOSE AUGUSTO/0000-0003-3833-392X NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0883-6612 J9 ANN BEHAV MED JI Ann. Behav. Med. PD DEC PY 2007 VL 33 BP S202 EP S202 PG 1 WC Psychology, Multidisciplinary SC Psychology GA 376LO UT WOS:000261185300792 ER PT J AU Vernon, S AF Vernon, Suzanne TI PERIPHERAL GENOMICS, NEUROGENOMICS AND NEUROIMAGING TO DECIPHER CENTRAL PERTURBATIONS SO ANNALS OF BEHAVIORAL MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Vernon, Suzanne] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0883-6612 J9 ANN BEHAV MED JI Ann. Behav. Med. PD DEC PY 2007 VL 33 BP S216 EP S216 PG 1 WC Psychology, Multidisciplinary SC Psychology GA 376LO UT WOS:000261185300844 ER PT J AU Elliott, AL Kraus, VB Fang, F Renner, JB Schwartz, TA Salazar, A Huguenin, T Hochberg, MC Helmick, CG Jordan, JM AF Elliott, A. L. Kraus, V. B. Fang, F. Renner, J. B. Schwartz, T. A. Salazar, A. Huguenin, T. Hochberg, M. C. Helmick, C. G. Jordan, J. M. TI Joint-specific hand symptoms and self-reported and performance-based functional status in african-americans and caucasians: The Johnston county Osteoarthritis project SO ANNALS OF THE RHEUMATIC DISEASES LA English DT Article ID KNEE OSTEOARTHRITIS; RHEUMATOID-ARTHRITIS; PAIN; PREVALENCE; DISABILITY; DETERMINANTS; IMPACT; WOMEN; ASSOCIATION; ROTTERDAM AB Objective: To assess associations between joint-specific hand symptoms and self-reported and performance-based functional status. Methods: Participants were from the population-based Johnston County Osteoarthritis Project. Symptoms in the distal interphalangeal ( DIP), proximal interphalangeal ( PIP), first carpometacarpal ( CMC), and metacarpophalangeal ( MCP) joints were assessed on a 30-joint diagram of both hands. Self-reported function was assessed by Health Assessment Questionnaire ( HAQ) and performance-based function by timed repeated chair stands and 8-foot walk time. Separate multiple logistic regression models examined associations between symptoms in specific hand joint groups, symptoms in >= 2 hand joint groups and number of symptomatic hand joints, and functional status measures, controlling for age, race/ ethnicity, sex, body mass index, radiographic knee and hip OA, knee and hip symptoms and depressive symptoms. Results: Those with symptomatic hand joint groups were more likely than those without these complaints to report more difficulty and require longer times for performance measures. Those with 2 or more symptomatic hand joint groups were more likely to have higher HAQ scores ( OR = 1.97 ( 1.53 to 2.53)) and require more time to complete 5 chair stands ( OR = 1.98 ( 1.23 to 3.18)) and the 8 foot walk test ( OR = 1.49 ( 1.12 to 1.99)). Conclusions: Joint-specific hand symptoms are associated with difficulty performing upper- or lower-extremity tasks, independent of knee and hip OA and symptoms, suggesting that studies examining functional status in OA should not ignore symptomatic joints beyond the joint site of interest, even when functional measures appear to be specific for the joint site under study. C1 Univ N Carolina, Sch Med, Thurston Arthritis Res Ctr, Div Rheumatol Allergy & Immunol, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Durham, NC USA. San Agustin Univ, Arequipa, Peru. Sarasota Arthritis Ctr, Sarasota, FL USA. Univ Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Jordan, JM (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Sch Med, Thurston Arthritis Res Ctr, Div Rheumatol Allergy & Immunol, 3300 Thurston Bldg,CB 7280, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. EM joanne_jordan@med.unc.edu RI Schwartz, Todd/D-4995-2012 OI Schwartz, Todd/0000-0002-0232-2543 FU NIAMS NIH HHS [5-P60-AR30701, 5-P60-AR049465]; PHS HHS [T-32] NR 23 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU B M J PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 0003-4967 J9 ANN RHEUM DIS JI Ann. Rheum. Dis. PD DEC PY 2007 VL 66 IS 12 BP 1622 EP 1626 DI 10.1136/ard.2006.057422 PG 5 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA 230UW UT WOS:000250902600013 PM 17504840 ER PT J AU Shams, AM Rose, LJ Hodges, L Arduino, MJ AF Shams, Alicia M. Rose, Laura J. Hodges, Lisa Arduino, Matthew J. TI Survival of Burkholderia pseudomallei on environmental surfaces SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID AIR-BORNE BACTERIA; PSEUDOMONAS-PSEUDOMALLEI; MICROBIOLOGICAL ANALYSIS; WATER; CELLS; MELIOIDOSIS; TEMPERATURE; VIABILITY; DEATH; SOIL AB The survival of the biothreat agent Burkholderia pseudomallei on the surfaces of four materials was measured by culture and esterase activity analyses. The culture results demonstrated that this organism persisted for <24 h to <7 days depending on the material, bacterial isolate, and suspension medium. The persistence determined by analysis of esterase activity, as measured with a ScanRDI solid-phase cytometer, was always longer than the persistence determined by culture analysis. C1 [Shams, Alicia M.; Rose, Laura J.; Hodges, Lisa; Arduino, Matthew J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Preparedness Detect & Control Infect Dis, Div Hlth Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Shams, AM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM AShams@cdc.gov NR 27 TC 6 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD DEC PY 2007 VL 73 IS 24 BP 8001 EP 8004 DI 10.1128/AEM.00936-07 PG 4 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 244YV UT WOS:000251902300025 PM 17951437 ER PT J AU Forehand, R Armistead, L Long, N Wyckoff, SC Kotchick, BA Whitaker, D Shaffer, A Greenberg, AE Murry, V Jackson, LC Kelly, A McNair, L Dittus, PJ Lin, CY Miller, KS AF Forehand, Rex Armistead, Lisa Long, Nicholas Wyckoff, Sarah C. Kotchick, Beth A. Whitaker, Daniel Shaffer, Anne Greenberg, Alan E. Murry, Velma Jackson, Leslie C. Kelly, Abesie McNair, Lily Dittus, Patricia J. Lin, Carol Y. Miller, Kim S. TI Efficacy of a parent-based sexual-risk prevention program for African American preadolescents SO ARCHIVES OF PEDIATRICS & ADOLESCENT MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID ADOLESCENTS AB Objective: To evaluate the efficacy of a parent-based sexual-risk prevention program for African American preadolescents. Design: Randomized controlled trial. Setting: Community-based study conducted in Athens, Georgia; Atlanta, Georgia; and Little Rock, Arkansas from 2001 to 2004. Participants: From 1545 inquiries, 1115 African American parent-preadolescent dyads (child, aged 9-12 years) formed the analytic sample. Intervention: Participants were randomized into 1 of 3 study arms: enhanced communication intervention (five 21/2-hour sessions), single-session communication intervention ( one 21/2-hour session), and general health intervention (control, one 21/2-hour session). Outcome Measures: Continuous measures of parentpreadolescent sexual communication and parental responsiveness to sex-related questions at preintervention, postintervention, and at 6- and 12-month follow-ups; and dichotomous measure of preadolescent sexual risk (having engaged in or intending to engage in sexual intercourse at 12-month follow-up). Results: Using intent-to-treat participants, differences of mean change from baseline for continuous measures and relative risk for the dichotomous measure of sexual risk were calculated. Participants in the enhanced intervention had higher mean changes from baseline scores, indicating more sexual communication and responsiveness to sexual communication at each assessment after intervention for all continuous measures than those in the control intervention and single-session intervention. Preadolescents whose parents attended all 5 sessions of the enhanced intervention had a likelihood of sexual risk at the 12-month follow-up of less than 1.00 relative to those whose parents attended the control ( relative risk, 0.65; 95% confidence interval, 0.41-1.03) and single-session ( relative risk, 0.62; 95% confidence interval, 0.40-0.97) interventions. Conclusions: These results provide preliminary evidence for the efficacy of a parenting program designed to teach sexual communication skills to prevent sexual risk in preadolescents. Trial Registration: clinicaltrials. gov Identifier: NCT00137943. C1 Univ Vermont, Burlington, VT 05405 USA. Georgia State Univ, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. Univ Arkansas Med Sci, Little Rock, AR 72205 USA. Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. Loyola Coll, Baltimore, MD 21210 USA. Univ Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. George Washington Univ, Washington, DC 20052 USA. Univ Georgia, Athens, GA 30602 USA. Spelman Coll, Atlanta, GA 30314 USA. RP Forehand, R (reprint author), Univ Vermont, Dept Psychol, Burlington, VT 05405 USA. EM rex.forehand@uvm.edu FU PHS HHS [U64 CCU417720] NR 23 TC 57 Z9 57 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610-0946 USA SN 1072-4710 J9 ARCH PEDIAT ADOL MED JI Arch. Pediatr. Adolesc. Med. PD DEC PY 2007 VL 161 IS 12 BP 1123 EP 1129 DI 10.1001/archpedi.161.12.1123 PG 7 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 237LE UT WOS:000251374400002 PM 18056556 ER PT J AU Sherry, B Jefferds, ME Grummer-Strawn, M AF Sherry, Betty Jefferds, Maria Elena Grummer-Strawn, M. TI Accuracy of adolescent self-report of height and weight in assessing overweight status SO ARCHIVES OF PEDIATRICS & ADOLESCENT MEDICINE LA English DT Review ID BODY-MASS INDEX; NUTRITION EXAMINATION SURVEY; 3RD NATIONAL-HEALTH; VALIDITY; RELIABILITY; PERCENTILES; CHILDREN; OBESITY; SAMPLE; YOUTH AB Objective: To examine the accuracy of self-reported height and weight data to classify adolescent overweight status. Self-reported height and weight are commonly used with minimal consideration of accuracy. Data Sources: Eleven studies (4 nationally representative, 7 convenience sample or locally based). Study Selection: Peer-reviewed articles of studies conducted in the United States that compared self-reported and directly measured height, weight, and/or body mass index data to classify overweight among adolescents. Main Exposures: Self-reported and directly measured height and weight. Main Outcome Measures: Overweight prevalence; missing data, bias, and accuracy. Results: Studies varied in examination of bias. Sensitivity of self-reported data for classification of overweight ranged from 55% to 76% (4 of 4 studies). Overweight prevalence was-0.4% to -17.7% lower when body mass index was based on self-reported data vs directly measured data (5 of 5 studies). Females underestimated weight more than males (ranges, -4.0 to -1.0 kg vs -2.6 to 1.5 kg, respectively) (9 of 9 studies); overweight individuals underestimated weight more than nonoverweight individuals (6 of 6 studies). Missing selfreported data ranged from 0% to 23% (9 of 9 studies). There was inadequate information on bias by age and race/ethnicity. Conclusions: Self-reported data are valuable if the only source of data. However, self-reported data underestimate overweight prevalence and there is bias by sex and weight status. Lower sensitivities of self-reported data indicate that one-fourth to one-half of those overweight would be missed. Other potential biases in self- reported data, such as across subgroups, need further clarification. The feasibility of collecting directly measured height and weight data on a state/community level should be explored because directly measured data are more accurate. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr & Phys Activ, Child Nutr Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Sherry, B (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr & Phys Activ, 4770 Buford Hwy,MS K25, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM bsherry@cdc.gov NR 25 TC 183 Z9 183 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610-0946 USA SN 1072-4710 J9 ARCH PEDIAT ADOL MED JI Arch. Pediatr. Adolesc. Med. PD DEC PY 2007 VL 161 IS 12 BP 1154 EP 1161 DI 10.1001/archpedi.161.12.1154 PG 8 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 237LE UT WOS:000251374400006 PM 18056560 ER PT J AU Zhou, FJ Kyaw, MH Shefer, A Winston, CA Nuorti, JP AF Zhou, Fangjun Kyaw, Moe H. Shefer, Abigail Winston, Carla A. Nuorti, J. Pekka TI Health care utilization for pneumonia in young children after routine pneumococcal conjugate vaccine use in the united states SO ARCHIVES OF PEDIATRICS & ADOLESCENT MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID COMMUNITY-ACQUIRED PNEUMONIA; STREPTOCOCCUS-PNEUMONIAE; COST-EFFECTIVENESS; CHILDHOOD IMMUNIZATION; PEDIATRIC PRACTICE; KAISER-PERMANENTE; DISEASE; DECLINE; EPIDEMIOLOGY; INFECTIONS AB Objective: To estimate the effect of 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) on rates of pneumoniarelated health care utilization and costs in children younger than 2 years. Design: Retrospective population study. Setting: Approximately 40 large employers each year, from 1997 to 2004. Participants: Enrollees in the MarketScan databases collected by Thomson Medstat. Main Exposure: Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine immunization program. Main Outcome Measures: Rates of International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision-coded hospitalizations and ambulatory visits due to all-cause and pneumococcal pneumonia and their medical expenditures. Results: Comparing the rates in 2004 with those in the baseline period of 1997 to 1999 among children younger than 2 years, hospitalizations due to all-cause pneumonia declined from 11.5 to 5.5 per 1000 children (52.4%decline; P < .001) and ambulatory visits due to all-cause pneumonia declined from 99.3 to 58.5 per 1000 children (41.1% decline; P < .001). Rates of hospitalizations due to pneumococcal pneumonia declined from 0.6 to 0.3 per 1000 children (57.6% decline; P < .001) and rates of ambulatory visits declined from 1.7 to 0.9 per 1000 children (46.9% decline; P < .001). Projecting from these data to the US population, the total estimated direct medical expenditures for all-cause pneumonia related hospitalizations and ambulatory visits in young children were reduced from an annual average of $688.2 million during the period of 1997 to 1999 to $376.7 million in 2004 (45.3% decline and approximately $310 million decrease). Conclusions: In children younger than 2 years, the age group targeted for vaccination, pneumonia-related health care utilization in a privately insured population declined substantially following PCV7 introduction. These results suggest that PCV7 may play an important role in reducing the burden of pneumonia, resulting in major savings in medical care cost. C1 Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. Natl Ctr HIV AIDS, Atlanta, GA USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Zhou, FJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mail Stop E-52, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM faz1@cdc.gov NR 44 TC 77 Z9 83 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610-0946 USA SN 1072-4710 J9 ARCH PEDIAT ADOL MED JI Arch. Pediatr. Adolesc. Med. PD DEC PY 2007 VL 161 IS 12 BP 1162 EP 1168 DI 10.1001/archpedi.161.12.1162 PG 7 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 237LE UT WOS:000251374400007 PM 18056561 ER PT J AU Kannian, P McHugh, G Johnson, BJB Bacon, RM Glickstein, LJ Steere, AC AF Kannian, Priya McHugh, Gail Johnson, Barbara J. B. Bacon, Rendi M. Glickstein, Lisa J. Steere, Allen C. TI Antibody responses to Borrelia burgdorfeti in patients with antibiotic-refractory, antibiotic-responsive, or non-antibiotic-treated lyme arthritis SO ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM LA English DT Article ID LINKED-IMMUNOSORBENT-ASSAY; SURFACE PROTEIN-A; ANTIGENIC VARIATION; PEPTIDE ANTIGENS; DISEASE; RECOMBINANT; VLSE; INFECTION; OSPA; SERODIAGNOSIS AB Objective. To compare the pattern of antibody responses to Borrelia burgdorferi in patients with antibiotic-refractory, antibiotic-responsive, or nonantibiotic-treated Lyme arthritis as an indirect measure of spirochetal persistence or eradication. Methods. At least 3 serial serum samples from 41 patients with antibiotic- refractory arthritis and 23 patients with antibiotic-responsive arthritis, and samples from 10 non-antibiotic-treated, historical control patients were tested for IgG reactivity with B burgdorferi sonicate and 4 differentially expressed outer surface lipoproteins of the spirochete, by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results. Among non-antibiotic-treated patients, antibody titers to B burgdorferi antigens remained high throughout a 2-5-year period of arthritis. In contrast, in patients with antibiotic-responsive arthritis, in whom joint swelling usually resolved during a 1-month course of oral antibiotic therapy, the median antibody titers to most of the spirochetal antigens remained steady or decreased during the first 1-3 months after starting antibiotic therapy. In patients with. antibiotic-refractory arthritis, who had persistent joint swelling for a median duration of 10 months despite 2-3 months of oral or intravenous antibiotics, the median titers to most antigens increased slightly during the first 1-3 months. However, by 4-6 months after starting antibiotic therapy, reactivity with all antigens declined similarly in both antibiotic-treated groups. Conclusion. Whereas the antibody titers to B burgdorferi remained high in non-antibiotic-treated patients, the titers declined similarly 4-6 months after starting therapy in patients with antibiotic-responsive or a ntibiotic- refractory arthritis, suggesting that synovial inflammation persisted in patients with antibioticrefractory arthritis after the period of infection. C1 [Kannian, Priya; McHugh, Gail; Glickstein, Lisa J.; Steere, Allen C.] Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Ctr Immunol & Inflammat Dis, Boston, MA 02114 USA. [Johnson, Barbara J. B.; Bacon, Rendi M.] Nat Ctr Infect Dis, CDC, Ft Collins, CO USA. RP Steere, AC (reprint author), Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Ctr Immunol & Inflammat Dis, 55 Fruit St,CNY 149-8301, Boston, MA 02114 USA. EM asteere@partners.org FU NIAMS NIH HHS [AR 20358]; PHS HHS [CCU 110291] NR 37 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-LISS PI HOBOKEN PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0004-3591 J9 ARTHRITIS RHEUM JI Arthritis Rheum. PD DEC PY 2007 VL 56 IS 12 BP 4216 EP 4225 DI 10.1002/art.23135 PG 10 WC Rheumatology SC Rheumatology GA 243FS UT WOS:000251781200039 PM 18050219 ER PT J AU Mai, CT Law, DJ Mason, CA McDowell, BD Meyer, RE Musa, D AF Mai, Cara T. Law, David J. Mason, Craig A. McDowell, Bradley D. Meyer, Robert E. Musa, Debra CA Natl Birth Defects Prevention TI Collection, use, and protection of population-based birth defects surveillance data in the United States SO BIRTH DEFECTS RESEARCH PART A-CLINICAL AND MOLECULAR TERATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE birth defects; surveillance; population-based; data protection ID PREVALENCE; CONSENT AB Birth defects surveillance systems collect population-based birth defects data from multiple sources to track trends in prevalence, identify risk factors, refer affected families to services, and evaluate prevention efforts. Strong state and federal public health and legal mandates are in place to govern the collection and use of these data. Despite the prima facie appeal of "opt-in" and similar strategies to those who view data collection as a threat to privacy, the use of these strategies in lieu of population-based surveillance can severely limit the ability of public health agencies to accurately access the health status of a group within a defined geographical area. With the need for population-based data central to their mission, birth defects programs around the country take their data stewardship role seriously, recognizing both moral and legal obligations to protect the data by employing numerous safeguards. Birth defects surveillance systems are shaped by the needs of the community they are designed to serve, with the goal of preventing birth defects or alleviating the burdens associated with them. C1 [Mai, Cara T.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Law, David J.] Tennessee Dept Hlth, Off Policy Planning & Assessment, Nashville, TN USA. [Mason, Craig A.] Univ Maine, Coll Educ & Human Dev, Orono, ME USA. [McDowell, Bradley D.] Univ Iowa, Iowa Registry Congenital & Inherited Disorders, Iowa City, IA USA. [Meyer, Robert E.] Ctr Hlth Stat, N Carolina Div Publ Hlth, Raleigh, NC USA. [Musa, Debra] New York State Off Mental Retardat & Dev Disabil, Schenectady, NY USA. RP Mai, CT (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, 1600 Clifton Rd,MSE-86, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM cmai@cdc.gov NR 14 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 3 PU WILEY-LISS PI HOBOKEN PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 1542-0752 J9 BIRTH DEFECTS RES A JI Birth Defects Res. Part A-Clin. Mol. Teratol. PD DEC PY 2007 VL 79 IS 12 BP 811 EP 814 DI 10.1002/bdra.20420 PG 4 WC Developmental Biology; Toxicology SC Developmental Biology; Toxicology GA 242DA UT WOS:000251703500001 PM 18064713 ER PT J AU Shim, YK Silver, SR Caporaso, NE Marti, GE Middleton, DC Linet, MS Vogt, RF AF Shim, Youn K. Silver, Sharon R. Caporaso, Neil E. Marti, Gerald E. Middleton, Dannie C. Linet, Martha S. Vogt, Robert F. CA Int CLL MbL Workshop TI B cells behaving badly SO BRITISH JOURNAL OF HAEMATOLOGY LA English DT Review DE chronic lymphocytic leukaemia; monoclonal B-cell; lymphocytosis; aetiology; genetics ID CHRONIC LYMPHOCYTIC-LEUKEMIA; CLL AB The pathogenesis of B-cell lymphoproliferative disorders in general and B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukaemia in particular appears to involve dysfunctional regulation of humoral and cellular immunity with the subsequent development of genetic aberrations in B cells. In theory, either component may arise de novo or may be influenced by environmental exposures including infectious agents, antigens, genotoxic chemicals, or radiation. As an intermediary within the exposure-disease continuum, monoclonal B-cell lymphocytosis may be a helpful biomarker for teasing out these various contributions to risk. This article introduces a series of papers that resulted from an International Workshop held in May 2007 entitled 'Monoclonal B-cell Lymphocytosis and Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia: Environmental and Genetic Risk Factors'. Research efforts, such as those described in this issue, should lead to improved interventions, more predictive biomarkers, more effective treatments, and a greater appreciation of how the immune system functions over the entire human lifespan. C1 Agcy Toxic Substances & Dis Registry, Div Hlth Studies, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Surveillance Hazard Evaluat & Field Studi, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. Natl Canc Inst, NIH, Div Canc Epidemiol & Genet, Bethesda, MD USA. US FDA, Ctr Biol Evaluat & Res, Bethesda, MD USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Div Sci Lab, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Shim, YK (reprint author), Agcy Toxic Substances & Dis Registry, Div Hlth Studies, 1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM YShim@cdc.gov OI Silver, Sharon/0000-0002-7679-5028 NR 12 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0007-1048 J9 BRIT J HAEMATOL JI Br. J. Haematol. PD DEC PY 2007 VL 139 IS 5 BP 658 EP 662 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2141.2007.06842.x PG 5 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 231YC UT WOS:000250984100005 PM 18021079 ER PT J AU Linet, MS Schubauer-Berigan, MK Weisenburger, DD Richardson, DB Landgren, O Blair, A Silver, S Field, RW Caldwell, G Hatch, M Dores, GM AF Linet, Martha S. Schubauer-Berigan, Mary K. Weisenburger, Dennis D. Richardson, David B. Landgren, Ola Blair, Aaron Silver, Sharon Field, R. William Caldwell, Glyn Hatch, Maureen Dores, Graca M. TI Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia: an overview of aetiology in light of recent developments in classification and pathogenesis SO BRITISH JOURNAL OF HAEMATOLOGY LA English DT Review DE chronic lymphocytic leukaemia; aetiology; radiation; chemicals; review ID NON-HODGKINS-LYMPHOMA; B-CELL LYMPHOCYTOSIS; HAIR DYE USE; ANIMAL BREEDING WORKERS; MAGNETIC-FIELD EXPOSURE; SPONSORED-WORKING-GROUP; POPULATION CASE-CONTROL; FAMILY-CANCER DATABASE; BODY-MASS INDEX; MULTIPLE-MYELOMA AB This overview of the epidemiology of chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) summarizes the evolution of classification and coding systems and describes the intersection of pathogenesis and aetiology. The role of the putative precursor to CLL, monoclonal B-cell lymphocytosis (MBL), is considered, and ideas for future investigations of the MBL-CLL relationship are outlined. We discuss the epidemiology of CLL, focusing on descriptive patterns and methodological considerations. Postulated risk factors are reviewed including the role of ionizing and non-ionizing radiation, occupational and environmental chemical exposures, medical conditions and treatments, and lifestyle and genetic factors. We conclude by raising key questions that need to be addressed to advance our understanding of CLL aetiology. Recommendations for future epidemiological studies are given, including the standardization of reporting of CLL across cancer registries, the clarification of the natural history of MBL, and the circumvention of the methodological shortcomings of prior epidemiological investigations in relation to radiation, chemical exposures and infectious agents. C1 NCI, DCEG, REB, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NIOSH, Div Surveillance Hazard Evaluat & Field Studi, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. Univ Nebraska Med Ctr, Dept Pathol & Microbiol, Omaha, NE USA. Univ N Carolina, Sch Publ Hlth, Chapel Hill, NC USA. Natl Canc Inst, DCEG, Genet Epidemiol Branch, Bethesda, MD USA. Natl Canc Inst, DCEG, Occupat & Environm Epidemiol Branch, Bethesda, MD USA. Univ Iowa, Coll Publ Hlth, Iowa City, IA USA. Univ Kentucky, Coll Publ Hlth, Lexington, KY USA. RP Linet, MS (reprint author), NCI, DCEG, REB, 6120 Execut Blvd EPS Rm 7048, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM linetm@mail.nih.gov RI Schubauer-Berigan, Mary/B-3149-2009; OI Schubauer-Berigan, Mary/0000-0002-5175-924X; Silver, Sharon/0000-0002-7679-5028 FU Intramural NIH HHS NR 168 TC 43 Z9 47 U1 8 U2 14 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0007-1048 J9 BRIT J HAEMATOL JI Br. J. Haematol. PD DEC PY 2007 VL 139 IS 5 BP 672 EP 686 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2141.2007.06847.x PG 15 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 231YC UT WOS:000250984100007 PM 18021081 ER PT J AU Vogt, RF Marti, GE AF Vogt, Robert F. Marti, Gerald E. TI Overview of monoclonal gammopathies of undetermined significance SO BRITISH JOURNAL OF HAEMATOLOGY LA English DT Review DE chronic lymphocytic leukaemia; multiple myeloma; lymphoid malignancies; Waldenstrom macroglobulinaemia ID NATURAL-HISTORY; LONG-TERM; FOLLOW-UP; AMYLOIDOSIS; PREVALENCE AB Among the B-cell lymphoproliferative disorders, monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) is the humoral counterpart to monoclonal B-cell lymphocytosis. This review introduces the papers from the section devoted to MGUS at the International Workshop entitled 'Monoclonal B-cell lymphocytosis and chronic lymphocytic leukaemia: environmental and genetic risk factors.' C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Div Sci Lab, Atlanta, GA USA. US FDA, Ctr Biol Evaluat & Res, Off Cellular Tissue & Gene Therapies, Bethesda, MD 20014 USA. RP Vogt, RF (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, 4770 Buford Highway, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM rvogt@cdc.gov NR 15 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 3 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0007-1048 J9 BRIT J HAEMATOL JI Br. J. Haematol. PD DEC PY 2007 VL 139 IS 5 BP 687 EP 689 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2141.2007.06860.x PG 3 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 231YC UT WOS:000250984100008 PM 18021082 ER PT J AU Vogt, RF Shim, YK Middleton, DC Buffler, PA Campolucci, SS Lybarger, JA Marti, GE AF Vogt, Robert F. Shim, Youn K. Middleton, Dannie C. Buffler, Patricia A. Campolucci, Sharon S. Lybarger, Jeffrey A. Marti, Gerald E. TI Monoclonal B-cell lymphocytosis as a biomarker in environmental health studies SO BRITISH JOURNAL OF HAEMATOLOGY LA English DT Review DE hazardous waste; B-cell lymphoproliferative disorders; chronic lymphocytic leukaemia; aetiology; epidemiology ID IMMUNOPHENOTYPIC ANALYSIS; FLOW-CYTOMETRY; LEUKEMIA; LYMPHOMA; BLOOD; ABNORMALITIES; INDIVIDUALS; RISK AB The first studies of monoclonal B-cell lymphocytosis (MBL) in the general population were conducted as part of environmental health investigations that began in 1991. MBL was observed as an unexpected finding when blood samples were immunophenotyped by two-colour flow cytometric methods in common use at that time. The initial observations led to a workshop in 1995, at which case definitions were considered and medical follow-up investigations were recommended. Medical follow-ups were conducted in 1997 and 2003. A total of eight cases of confirmed MBL and three cases of presumptive MBL were identified. This review summarizes the findings from those investigations and discusses the issues related to using MBL as a biomarker in environmental health research and population-based studies. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Div Sci Lab, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. Agcy Toxic Substances & Dis Registry, Div Hlth Studies, Atlanta, GA USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Sch Publ Hlth, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. US FDA, Ctr Biol Evaluat & Res, Off Cellular Tissue & Gene Therapies, Bethesda, MD USA. RP Vogt, RF (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Div Sci Lab, 4770 Buford Highway, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM rvogt@cdc.gov NR 30 TC 17 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0007-1048 J9 BRIT J HAEMATOL JI Br. J. Haematol. PD DEC PY 2007 VL 139 IS 5 BP 690 EP 700 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2141.2007.06861.x PG 11 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 231YC UT WOS:000250984100009 PM 18021083 ER PT J AU Marti, G Abbasi, F Raveche, E Rawstron, AC Ghia, P Aurran, T Caporaso, N Shim, YK Vogt, RF AF Marti, Gerald Abbasi, Fatima Raveche, Elizabeth Rawstron, Andy C. Ghia, Paolo Aurran, Therese Caporaso, Neil Shim, Youn K. Vogt, Robert F. TI Overview of monoclonal B-cell lymphocytosis SO BRITISH JOURNAL OF HAEMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE chronic lymphocytic leukaemia; monoclonal B-cell lymphocytosis ID LAMBDA-LIGHT CHAIN; PERIPHERAL-BLOOD; VARIABLE REGION; GENE-MUTATIONS; DELTA SWITCH; LEUKEMIA; CLL; EXPRESSION; DONORS; CLONE AB Monoclonal B-cell lymphocytosis (MBL) has been the subject of more intensive investigation for the last 10 years. The increased presence of MBL in unaffected, first-degree relatives with familial chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) suggest that it is surrogate marker for early disease. In normal population studies, MBL is found to be increased in ageing subjects. Consensus criteria for the diagnosis of MBL have been proposed. The differential diagnosis has been further clarified and the prevalence of MBL is most prominent in the elderly. The aetiology of MBL is unknown but probably involves immune mechanism of senescence or altered response. Environmental health studies suggest that exposure to certain toxins may lead to MBL but further work is needed. MBL is a precursor to CLL but may also regress, remain stable or progress to clinical CLL. C1 US FDA, Ctr Biol Evaluat & Res, NIH, Bethesda, MD USA. Univ Med & Dent New Jersey, Sch Med, Newark, NJ 07103 USA. Leeds Teaching Hosp NHS Trust, Gen Infirm, Haematol Malignancy Diagnost Serv, Leeds, W Yorkshire, England. Univ Viat Salute San Raffaele, Dept Oncol, Unit Lymphoid Malignancies, Milan, Italy. Inst J Paoli I Calmettes, F-13009 Marseille, France. Natl Canc Inst, NIH, Div Canc Epidemiol & Genet, Genet Epidemiol Branch, Bethesda, MD USA. Agcy Toxic Substance & Dis Registry, Div Hlth Studies, Atlanta, GA USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Marti, G (reprint author), US FDA, NIH, Ctr Biol Evaluat & Res, Div Cell & Gene Therapies Off Cellular, Bdg 29B Rm 2NN08, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM gemarti@helix.nih.gov RI Ghia, Paolo/K-7138-2016; OI Ghia, Paolo/0000-0003-3750-7342; Rawstron, Andy/0000-0003-0798-9790 NR 38 TC 49 Z9 51 U1 0 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0007-1048 J9 BRIT J HAEMATOL JI Br. J. Haematol. PD DEC PY 2007 VL 139 IS 5 BP 701 EP 708 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2141.2007.06865.x PG 8 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 231YC UT WOS:000250984100010 PM 18021084 ER PT J AU Schubauer-Berigan, MK Daniels, RD Fleming, DA Markey, AM Couch, JR Ahrenholz, SH Burphy, JS Anderson, JL Tseng, CY AF Schubauer-Berigan, Mary K. Daniels, Robert D. Fleming, Donald A. Markey, Andrea M. Couch, James R. Ahrenholz, Steven H. Burphy, Jenneh S. Anderson, Jeri L. Tseng, Chih-Yu TI Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia and radiation: findings among workers at five US nuclear facilities and a review of the recent literature SO BRITISH JOURNAL OF HAEMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE chronic lymphocytic leukaemia; aetiology; epidemiology ID PORTSMOUTH-NAVAL-SHIPYARD; MAGNETIC-FIELD EXPOSURE; CANCER-MORTALITY RISK; X-RAY EXAMINATIONS; IONIZING-RADIATION; ELECTROMAGNETIC-FIELDS; OCCUPATIONAL-EXPOSURE; BRAIN-TUMORS; OAK-RIDGE; COHORT AB The aetiology of chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) is largely unknown. Despite compelling evidence for ionising radiation as a cause of most forms of leukaemia, CLL was not found to be radiogenic in early studies. Herein we describe the recent evidence for causation of CLL by ionising and non-ionising radiation, including a nested case-control study conducted within a cohort of 94 517 US workers at four nuclear weapons facilities and a nuclear naval shipyard. Forty-three cases of CLL deaths and 172 age-matched controls were identified with follow-up up to between 1990 and 1996. Radiation exposure from external sources and plutonium (lagged 10 years) was assessed for each worker, based on monitoring records. The excess relative rate (ERR) was estimated for workers receiving elevated doses compared to unexposed workers, controlling for possible risk factors. The ERR per 10 mSv was -0.020 (95% confidence interval: < 0, 0.14) based on all exposed workers. However, for workers receiving < 100 mSv, the ERR per 10 mSv was 0.20 (-0.035, 0.96). Recent studies of uranium miners and other populations have shown elevations of CLL possibly associated with ionising and non-ionising radiation. New studies should use incident cases and sufficient latency to account for the expected lengthy induction period for CLL. C1 NIOSH, Div Surveillance Hazard Evaluat & Field Studi, Cincinnati, OH 45213 USA. RP Schubauer-Berigan, MK (reprint author), NIOSH, Div Surveillance Hazard Evaluat & Field Studi, 5555 Ridge Ave, Cincinnati, OH 45213 USA. EM zcg3@cdc.gov RI Schubauer-Berigan, Mary/B-3149-2009 OI Schubauer-Berigan, Mary/0000-0002-5175-924X NR 49 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 7 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0007-1048 J9 BRIT J HAEMATOL JI Br. J. Haematol. PD DEC PY 2007 VL 139 IS 5 BP 799 EP 808 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2141.2007.06843.x PG 10 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 231YC UT WOS:000250984100022 PM 17922878 ER PT J AU Sanchez, CA Blount, BC Valentin-Blasini, L Krieger, RI AF Sanchez, C. A. Blount, B. C. Valentin-Blasini, L. Krieger, R. I. TI Perchlorate, thiocyanate, and nitrate in edible cole crops (Brassica sp.) produced in the lower Colorado River region SO BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE perchlorate exposure; thiocyanate; nitrate; thyroid; goitrogens ID TERRESTRIAL PLANTS; ION CHROMATOGRAPHY; BLOOD COMPOSITION; ACCUMULATION; EXPOSURE; INHIBITION AB The Colorado River is contaminated with low levels of perchlorate. Perchlorate has the potential to disrupt thyroid function by inhibiting the uptake of iodide. Brassica are rich sources of thiocyanate and nitrate, also inhibitors of iodide uptake. This study was conducted to estimate potential human exposure to perchlorate, thiocyanate, and nitrate from Brassica sp. irrigated with Colorado River water. Results indicate that Brassica sp. irrigated with Colorado River water do accumulate trace levels of perchlorate. However, the levels of perchlorate observed are low relative to the nitrate and thiocyanate naturally present in these species and low relative to the reference dose recommended by the NAS and the USEPA. C1 [Sanchez, C. A.] Univ Arizona, Yuma Agr Ctr, Dept Soil Water & Environm Sci, Yuma, AZ 85364 USA. [Blount, B. C.; Valentin-Blasini, L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Krieger, R. I.] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Entomol, Personal Chem Exposure Program, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. RP Sanchez, CA (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Yuma Agr Ctr, Dept Soil Water & Environm Sci, Yuma, AZ 85364 USA. EM Sanchez@ag.arizona.edu NR 24 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 4 U2 8 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0007-4861 J9 B ENVIRON CONTAM TOX JI Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. PD DEC PY 2007 VL 79 IS 6 BP 655 EP 659 DI 10.1007/s00128-007-9292-6 PG 5 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 241FA UT WOS:000251641100015 PM 17962898 ER PT J AU Dabbagh, A Eggers, R Cochi, S Dietz, V Strebel, P Cherian, T AF Dabbagh, A. Eggers, R. Cochi, S. Dietz, V. Strebel, P. Cherian, T. TI A new global framework for immunization monitoring and surveillance SO BULLETIN OF THE WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Dabbagh, A.; Eggers, R.; Strebel, P.; Cherian, T.] WHO, Dept Immunizat Vaccines & Biol, CH-1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland. [Cochi, S.; Dietz, V.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global Immunizat Div, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Dabbagh, A (reprint author), WHO, Dept Immunizat Vaccines & Biol, 20 Ave Appia, CH-1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland. EM dabbagha@who.int NR 0 TC 14 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD HEALTH ORGANIZATION PI GENEVA 27 PA MARKETING AND DISSEMINATION, CH-1211 GENEVA 27, SWITZERLAND SN 0042-9686 J9 B WORLD HEALTH ORGAN JI Bull. World Health Organ. PD DEC PY 2007 VL 85 IS 12 BP 904 EP 904 DI 10.2471/BLT.07.048223 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 244OB UT WOS:000251874100003 PM 18278243 ER PT J AU Silver, SR Hiratzka, SL Schubauer-Berigan, MK Daniels, RD AF Silver, Sharon R. Hiratzka, Shannon L. Schubauer-Berigan, Mary K. Daniels, Robert D. TI Chronic lymphocytic leukemia radiogenicity: a systematic review SO CANCER CAUSES & CONTROL LA English DT Review DE chronic lymphocytic leukemia; ionizing radiation; radiogenicity ID EXTERNAL IONIZING-RADIATION; 2ND PRIMARY-CANCER; US RADIOLOGIC TECHNOLOGISTS; PORTSMOUTH-NAVAL-SHIPYARD; SINGLE TREATMENT COURSE; POWER INDUSTRY WORKERS; NATIONAL DOSE REGISTRY; LONG-TERM SURVIVORS; GERM-CELL TUMORS; ANKYLOSING-SPONDYLITIS AB Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is generally considered to be non-radiogenic and is excluded from several programs that compensate workers for illnesses resulting from occupational exposures. Questions about whether this exclusion is justified prompted a Congressional mandate to the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) to, further, examine the radiogenicity of CLL. This study revisits the question of CLL radiogenicity by examining epidemiologic evidence from occupationally and medically-exposed populations. A systematic review of radiation-exposed cohorts was conducted to investigate the association between radiation and CLL. Exploratory power calculations for a pooled occupational study were performed to examine the feasibility of assessing CLL radiogenicity epidemiologically. There is a bias against reporting CLL results, because of the disease's presumed non-radiogenicity. In medical cohort studies that provide risk estimates for CLL, risk is elevated, though non-significantly, in almost all studies with more than 15 years average follow-up. The results of occupational studies are less consistent. Studies with adequate follow-up time and power are needed to better understand CLL radiogenicity. Power analyses show that a pooled study might detect risk on the order of radiation induced non-CLL leukemia, but is unlikely to detect smaller risks. C1 NIOSH, DSHEFS, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. Constella Grp LLC, Durham, NC USA. RP Silver, SR (reprint author), NIOSH, DSHEFS, 5555 Ridge, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM ssilver@cdc.gov RI Schubauer-Berigan, Mary/B-3149-2009; OI Schubauer-Berigan, Mary/0000-0002-5175-924X; Silver, Sharon/0000-0002-7679-5028 NR 118 TC 11 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0957-5243 J9 CANCER CAUSE CONTROL JI Cancer Causes Control PD DEC PY 2007 VL 18 IS 10 BP 1077 EP 1093 DI 10.1007/s10552-007-9048-y PG 17 WC Oncology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Oncology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 215MS UT WOS:000249813500004 PM 17694421 ER PT J AU Brenner, AV Butler, MA Wang, SS Ruder, AM Rothman, N Schulte, PA Chanock, SJ Fine, HA Linet, MS Inskip, PD AF Brenner, A. V. Butler, M. A. Wang, S. S. Ruder, A. M. Rothman, N. Schulte, P. A. Chanock, S. J. Fine, H. A. Linet, M. S. Inskip, P. D. TI Single-nucleotide polymorphisms in selected cytokine genes and risk of adult glioma SO CARCINOGENESIS LA English DT Article ID NON-HODGKIN-LYMPHOMA; SERUM IGE LEVELS; BRAIN-TUMORS; ALLERGIC CONDITIONS; IL-6 LEVELS; ASSOCIATION; HISTORY; ASTHMA; INTERLEUKIN-6; SUSCEPTIBILITY AB A role of immunological factors in glioma etiology is suggested by reports of an inverse relationship with history of allergy or autoimmune disease. To test whether single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in cytokine genes were related to risk of adult glioma, we genotyped 11 SNPs in seven cytokine genes within a hospital-based study conducted by the National Cancer Institute and an independent, population-based study by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (overall 756 cases and 1190 controls with blood samples). The IL4 (rs2243248, -1098T > G) and IL6 (rs1800795, -174G > C) polymorphisms were significantly associated with risk of glioma in the pooled analysis (P trend = 0.006 and 0.04, respectively), although these became attenuated after controlling for the false discovery rate (P trend = 0.07 and 0.22, respectively). Our results underscore the importance of pooled analyses in genetic association studies and suggest that SNPs in cytokine genes may influence susceptibility to glioma. C1 NCI, NIH, Div Canc Epidemiol & Genet, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NIOSH, CDC, DHHS, Div Appl Res & Technol, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. NIOSH, CDC, DHHS, Div Surveillance Hazard Evaluat & Field Studi, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. NIOSH, CDC, DHHS, Educ & Informat Div, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. NCI, NIH, Adv Technol Corp, Core Genotyping Facil, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NCI, NIH, DHHS, Ctr Canc Res, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Brenner, AV (reprint author), NCI, NIH, Div Canc Epidemiol & Genet, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM brennera@mail.nih.gov RI Ruder, Avima/I-4155-2012 OI Ruder, Avima/0000-0003-0419-6664 FU Intramural NIH HHS NR 33 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 3 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0143-3334 J9 CARCINOGENESIS JI Carcinogenesis PD DEC PY 2007 VL 28 IS 12 BP 2543 EP 2547 DI 10.1093/carcin/bgm210 PG 5 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 239GC UT WOS:000251505800015 PM 17916900 ER PT J AU Kutty, PK Moody, B Gullion, JS Zervos, M Ajluni, M Washburn, R Sanderson, R Kainer, MA Powell, TA Clarke, CF Powell, RJ Pascoe, N Shams, A LiPuma, JJ Jensen, B Noble-Wang, J Arduino, MJ McDonald, LC AF Kutty, Preeta K. Moody, Barbara Gullion, Jessica Smartt Zervos, Marcus Ajluni, Marie Washburn, Rebecca Sanderson, Roger Kainer, Marion A. Powell, Timothy A. Clarke, Cannen F. Powell, Renee J. Pascoe, Neil Shams, Alicia LiPuma, John J. Jensen, Bette Noble-Wang, Judith Arduino, Matthew J. McDonald, L. Clifford TI Multistate outbreak of Burkholderia cenocepacia colonization and infection associated with the use of intrinsically contaminated alcohol-free mouthwash SO CHEST LA English DT Article DE Burkholderia cepacia complex; critical care; delivery of health care; mouthwashes ID VENTILATOR-ASSOCIATED PNEUMONIA; FIELD GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS; CEPACIA COMPLEX; CYSTIC-FIBROSIS; ORAL DECONTAMINATION; IDENTIFICATION AB Background: No guidelines exist for the type of mouthwash that should he used in patients at increased risk for pneumonia. In 2005, we investigated a multistate outbreak of Burkholderia cenocepacia associated with an intrinsically contaminated alcohol-free mouthwash (AFM). Methods: We conducted a case-series investigation. We used repetitive extragenic palindromic-polymerase chain reaction typing and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) to characterize available Burkholderia cepacia complex (Bee) isolates from patients and implicated AFM. Seeding studies were conducted to determine the antimicrobial activity of the AFM. Results: Of the 116 patients with Bee infection or colonization identified from 22 hospitals with culture dates from April 7 through August 31, 2005, 105 had infections or colonizations that were due to B cenocepacia. The median age of these 105 patients was 64 years (range, 6 to 94 years), 52% were women, 55% had evidence of infection, and 2 patients died. Of 139 patient culture specimens, 83 (60%) were from the respiratory tract. Among 103 Bee patient isolates characterized, 81 (76%) had an indistinguishable PFGE pattern compared to the outbreak strain cultured from implicated lots of unopened AFM; the species was B cenocepacia. Seeding studies showed that the contaminated AFM might have had inadequate amounts of the antimicrobial agent cetylpyridinium chloride. Conclusions: This intrinsically contaminated AFM led to a geographically dispersed outbreak of B cenocepacia. AFM without therapeutic label claims is regulated by the US Food and Drug Administration as a cosmetic rather than a drug and is therefore subject to limited quality control requirements. Clinicians should be aware that AFM is not sterile. Its use in intubated and other patients with increased risk of aspiration should be avoided. C1 [Kutty, Preeta K.; Shams, Alicia; Jensen, Bette; Noble-Wang, Judith; Arduino, Matthew J.; McDonald, L. Clifford] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Preparedness Detect & Control Infect Dis, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Moody, Barbara] Denton Reg Med Ctr, Denton, TX USA. [Gullion, Jessica Smartt] Denton Cty Hlth Dept, Denton, TX USA. [Zervos, Marcus; Ajluni, Marie] Henry Ford Hosp, Detroit, MI 48202 USA. [Washburn, Rebecca] Henry Ford Wyandotte Hosp, Wyandotte, MI USA. [Sanderson, Roger] Florida Dept Hlth, Tampa, FL USA. [Kainer, Marion A.] Tenessee Dept Hlth, Nashville, TN USA. [Powell, Renee J.] Virginia Dept Hlth, Richmond, VA USA. [Clarke, Cannen F.; Powell, Renee J.] Oklahoma Dept Hlth, Oklahoma City, OK USA. [Pascoe, Neil] Texas Dept State Hlth Serv, Austin, TX USA. [LiPuma, John J.] Univ Michigan, Sch Med, Ann Arbor, MI USA. RP Kutty, PK (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Preparedness Detect & Control Infect Dis, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS-A47, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM PKutty@cdc.gov NR 31 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER COLL CHEST PHYSICIANS PI NORTHBROOK PA 3300 DUNDEE ROAD, NORTHBROOK, IL 60062-2348 USA SN 0012-3692 J9 CHEST JI Chest PD DEC PY 2007 VL 132 IS 6 BP 1825 EP 1831 DI 10.1378/chest.07-1545 PG 7 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 246HA UT WOS:000251996900020 PM 17925414 ER PT J AU Meng, YX Ford, ES Li, CY Quarshie, A Al-Mahmoud, AM Giles, W Gibbons, GH Strayhorn, G AF Meng, Yuan-Xiang Ford, Earl S. Li, Chaoyang Quarshie, Alexander Al-Mahmoud, Ahmad M. Giles, Wayne Gibbons, Gary H. Strayhorn, Gregory TI Association of C-reactive protein with surrogate measures of insulin resistance among nondiabetic US adults: Findings from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999-2002 SO CLINICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID BODY-MASS INDEX; METABOLIC SYNDROME; PLASMA-INSULIN; GLUCOSE-TOLERANCE; MAJOR DETERMINANT; SENSITIVITY; DISEASE; OBESITY; RISK; INDIVIDUALS AB Background: Increased C-reactive protein (CRP) concentration and insulin resistance (IR) are associated with increased rates of adverse cardiovascular events. We sought to examine the relationship of CRP with surrogate measures of IR among nondiabetic adults in the US. Methods: We conducted analyses using data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 1999-2002. We analyzed a nationally representative sample of 2514 men and nonpregnant women age 20 years who were non-Hispanic white, non-Hispanic black, or Mexican American. Results: After adjustment for age, sex, race/ethnicity, smoking status, systolic blood pressure, and serum concentrations of HDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, and triglyceride, CRP was significantly associated with 10 IR measures (all P values < 0.01). The strength of the association attenuated after further adjustment for waist circumference (change in adjusted regression coefficients ranging from 60.0% to 75.1%). The association of CRP with each IR surrogate was similar (standardized regression coefficient ranges from 0.06 to 0.09). The association of CRP (> 3 vs < 1 mg/L) with the homeostasis model for assessment of IR (>= 75th vs < 75th percentile) was statistically significant among people with a body mass index >= 30 kg/m(2) (odds ratio, 2.6; 95% CI, 1.3-5.1) or with a body mass index < 5 kg/m(2) (odds ratio, 2.5; 95% CI, 1.5-4.2). Conclusions: CRP was significantly associated with the surrogate measures of IR among nondiabetic adults. Obesity may play an important role in the association of CRP with IR in this nationally representative sample. (C) 2007 American Association for Clinical Chemistry. C1 Morehouse Sch Med, Dept Family Med, Atlanta, GA 30310 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. Morehouse Sch Med, Clin Res Ctr, Atlanta, GA 30310 USA. Morehouse Sch Med, Cardiovasc Res Inst, Atlanta, GA 30310 USA. RP Meng, YX (reprint author), Morehouse Sch Med, Dept Family Med, 1513 E Cleveland Ave,Bldg 100,Suite 300A, E Point, GA 30344 USA. EM ymeng@msm.edu FU NCATS NIH HHS [UL1 TR000454]; NCRR NIH HHS [1R25RR017694-01, R25 RR017694, UL1 RR025008] NR 40 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER ASSOC CLINICAL CHEMISTRY PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 L STREET NW, SUITE 202, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-1526 USA SN 0009-9147 J9 CLIN CHEM JI Clin. Chem. PD DEC PY 2007 VL 53 IS 12 BP 2152 EP 2159 DI 10.1373/clinchem.2007.088930 PG 8 WC Medical Laboratory Technology SC Medical Laboratory Technology GA 236CR UT WOS:000251281100016 PM 17951292 ER PT J AU Kapp, N Curtis, KM Borgatta, L AF Kapp, Nathalie Curtis, Kathryn M. Borgatta, Lynn TI Study design to evaluate the safety and effectiveness of hormonal contraception for women SO CLINICAL OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE study design; hormonal contraception ID DEPOT-MEDROXYPROGESTERONE ACETATE; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIALS; BONE-MINERAL DENSITY; ORAL-CONTRACEPTIVES; EMERGENCY CONTRACEPTION; LEVONORGESTREL; MULTICENTER; STATEMENT; FAILURE; QUALITY AB A discussion of the issues that affect the study design of hormonal contraception is presented, including ethical issues, measurement of contraceptive efficacy. Observational studies, experimental studies, and meta-analysis in hormonal contraception are also reviewed. C1 WHO, Dept Reprod Hlth & Res, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. Boston Univ, Sch Med, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Boston, MA 02118 USA. RP Kapp, N (reprint author), WHO, Dept Reprod Hlth & Res, 20 Ave Appia, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. EM kappn@who.int NR 58 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 5 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0009-9201 J9 CLIN OBSTET GYNECOL JI Clin. Obstet. Gynecol. PD DEC PY 2007 VL 50 IS 4 BP 850 EP 867 PG 18 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 238BV UT WOS:000251423200002 PM 17982328 ER PT J AU Hoelscher, MA Jayashankar, L Garg, S Veguilla, V Lu, X Singh, N Katz, JM Mittal, SK Sambhara, S AF Hoelscher, M. A. Jayashankar, L. Garg, S. Veguilla, V. Lu, X. Singh, N. Katz, J. M. Mittal, S. K. Sambhara, S. TI New pre-pandemic influenza vaccines: An egg- and adjuvant-independent human adenoviral vector strategy induces long-lasting protective immune responses in mice SO CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS LA English DT Article ID A/DUCK/SINGAPORE/97 H5N3 VACCINE; A H5N1; RECOMBINANT ADENOVIRUS; MF59-ADJUVANTED INFLUENZA; NONHUMAN-PRIMATES; RANDOMIZED-TRIAL; VIRUS-VACCINES; IMMUNOGENICITY; SAFETY; INDUCTION AB Highly pathogenic avian H5N1 influenza viruses that are currently circulating in southeast Asia may acquire the potential to cause the next influenza pandemic. A number of alternate approaches are being pursued to generate cross-protective, dose-sparing, safe, and effective vaccines, as traditional vaccine approaches, i.e., embryonated egg-grown, are not immunogenic. We developed a replication-incompetent adenoviral vector-based, adjuvant- and egg-independent pandemic influenza vaccine strategy as a potential alternative to conventional egg-derived vaccines. In this paper, we address suboptimal dose and longevity of vaccine-induced protective immunity and demonstrate that a vaccine dose as little as 1 x 10(6) plaque-forming unit (PFU) is sufficient to induce protective immune responses against a highly pathogenic H5N1 virus. Furthermore, the vaccine-induced humoral and cellular immune responses and protective immunity persisted at least for a year. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA USA. Purdue Univ, Sch Vet Med, Dept Comparat Pathobiol, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Mittal, SK (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA USA. EM mittal@purdue.edu; ssambhara@cdc.gov FU NIAID NIH HHS [R01 AI059374, AI059374, R01 AI059374-04] NR 58 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 1 U2 3 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 0009-9236 J9 CLIN PHARMACOL THER JI Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. PD DEC PY 2007 VL 82 IS 6 BP 665 EP 671 DI 10.1038/sj.clpt.6100418 PG 7 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 233JE UT WOS:000251086400015 PM 17957181 ER PT J AU Pasetti, MF Resendiz-Albor, A Ramirez, K Stout, R Papania, M Adams, RJ Polack, FP Ward, BJ Burt, D Chabot, S Ulmer, J Barry, EM Levine, MM AF Pasetti, M. F. Resendiz-Albor, A. Ramirez, K. Stout, R. Papania, M. Adams, R. J. Polack, F. P. Ward, B. J. Burt, D. Chabot, S. Ulmer, J. Barry, E. M. Levine, M. M. TI Heterologous prime-boost strategy to immunize very young infants against measles: Pre-clinical studies in rhesus Macaques SO CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS LA English DT Article ID AND/OR FUSION PROTEINS; CELL-MEDIATED-IMMUNITY; WILD-TYPE MEASLES; ATYPICAL MEASLES; DNA VACCINES; NEUTRALIZING ANTIBODY; VIRUS HEMAGGLUTININ; INFLUENZA VACCINE; MACACA-MULATTA; RESPONSES AB Infants in developing countries are at high risk of developing severe clinical measles if they become infected during the "window of vulnerability'' (age 4-9 months), when declining maternal antibodies do not protect against wild virus, yet impede successful immunization by attenuated measles vaccine. We developed two Sindbis replicon-based DNA vaccines expressing measles virus hemagglutinin and fusion protein with the goal of priming young infants to respond safely and effectively to subsequent boosting with attenuated measles vaccine. Intradermal prime with DNA vaccines by needle-free injection followed by aerosol or parenteral boost with licensed measles vaccine was well tolerated by juvenile and young infant rhesus macaques, and protected against clinical measles and viremia on wild-type virus challenge. A proteosome-measles vaccine administered alone ( three doses) or as a boost following DNA vaccine priming was also safe and protective. These promising results pave the way for clinical trials to assess this prime-boost strategy. C1 Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Ctr Vaccine Dev, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. Bioject, Portland, OR USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Sch Hyg & Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. McGill Univ, Trop Dis Ctr, Dept Med, Montreal, PQ, Canada. GlaxoSmithKline Biol N Amer, Laval, PQ, Canada. Novartis Vaccines & Diagnost, Emeryville, CA USA. Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Med, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. RP Pasetti, MF (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Ctr Vaccine Dev, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. EM mpasetti@mdicine.umaryland.edu NR 50 TC 25 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 1 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK STREET, 9TH FLOOR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 0009-9236 J9 CLIN PHARMACOL THER JI Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. PD DEC PY 2007 VL 82 IS 6 BP 672 EP 685 DI 10.1038/sj.clpt.6100420 PG 14 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 233JE UT WOS:000251086400016 PM 17971812 ER PT J AU Orenstein, WA Mootrey, GT Pazol, K Hinman, AR AF Orenstein, W. A. Mootrey, G. T. Pazol, K. Hinman, A. R. TI Financing immunization of adults in the United States SO CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS LA English DT Article ID INFECTIOUS-DISEASES SOCIETY; INFLUENZA VACCINATION; POLICY PRINCIPLES; STRENGTHEN ADULT; HERPES-ZOSTER; OLDER-ADULTS; COVERAGE; AMERICA; VIRUS AB Immunization is one of the most effective and cost-effective prevention measures available.(1) As a result of universal vaccination of children, polio has been eliminated in the United States and much of the world, measles and rubella are no longer endemic diseases in the United States, and most of the other vaccine-preventable diseases of childhood are at or near record lows. A recent review of clinical preventive services by Partnership for Prevention gave childhood immunization a perfect score of 10, based on clinically preventable burden and cost-effectiveness.(2) C1 Emory Univ, Sch Med, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. Task Force Child Survival & Dev, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Orenstein, WA (reprint author), Emory Univ, Sch Med, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. EM worenst@emory.edu NR 32 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 2 U2 5 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK STREET, 9TH FLOOR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 0009-9236 J9 CLIN PHARMACOL THER JI Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. PD DEC PY 2007 VL 82 IS 6 BP 764 EP 768 DI 10.1038/sj.clpt.6100401 PG 5 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 233JE UT WOS:000251086400028 PM 17971821 ER PT J AU Grobusch, MP Egan, A Gosling, RD Newman, RD AF Grobusch, Martin P. Egan, Andrea Gosling, Roly D. Newman, Robert D. TI Intermittent preventive therapy for malaria: progress and future directions SO CURRENT OPINION IN INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Review DE Africa; expanded programme on immunization; infants; intermittent preventive treatment; malaria ID PLACEBO-CONTROLLED TRIAL; PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM MALARIA; DOUBLE-BLIND TRIAL; SULFADOXINE-PYRIMETHAMINE; UNCOMPLICATED MALARIA; TANZANIAN INFANTS; CHLORPROGUANIL-DAPSONE; ROUTINE VACCINATIONS; RANDOMIZED-TRIAL; SEVERE ANEMIA AB Purpose of review This review summarizes recent evidence regarding the efficacy of intermittent preventive treatment with focus on infancy (IPTi) and the rationale behind such a control strategy. Recent findings Pooled safety and efficacy analyses of all six trials of IPTi with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine conducted between 1999 and 2007 have demonstrated a 30% protective efficacy against clinical malaria, a 24% protective efficacy against all-cause hospital admissions, a 37% protective efficacy against malaria-related hospital admissions, and a 15% protective efficacy against anemia, all in the first year of life. Rebound in malaria following discontinuation of the intervention has not been noted in pooled analyses of the IPTi trials. Summary Given the efficacy, excellent safety and tolerability of the intervention and the fact that it is inexpensive and easily deliverable if linked to the Expanded Programme on Immunization, IPTi-sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine appears to add a valuable tool to the malaria-control armamentarium in endemic areas of Africa. Routine monitoring of sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine efficacy will be required to guide future IPTi programme implementation. Variations of IPTi that target older children may be required for areas of Africa with highly seasonal malaria transmission. C1 Univ Witwatersrand, Natl Hlth Lab Serv, Div Clin Microbiol & Infect Dis, Infect Dis Unit, Johannesburg, South Africa. Hop Albert Schweitzer, Med Res Unit, Lambarene, Gabon. Univ Barcelona, Ctr Salut Int, Intermittent Prevent Treatment Malaria Infants, Barcelona, Spain. London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, Dept Infect & Trop Dis, London WC1, England. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Malaria Branch, Div Parasit Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Grobusch, MP (reprint author), Univ Witwatersrand, Fac Hlth Sci, Sch Pathol, Div Clin Microbiol & Infect Dis,Infect Dis Unit, 7 York Rd, ZA-2193 Johannesburg, South Africa. EM martin.grobusch@wits.ac.za NR 43 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0951-7375 J9 CURR OPIN INFECT DIS JI Curr. Opin. Infect. Dis. PD DEC PY 2007 VL 20 IS 6 BP 613 EP 620 PG 8 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 237QJ UT WOS:000251390500009 PM 17975412 ER PT J AU Barcelo, A Gregg, EW Pastor-Valero, M Robles, SC AF Barcelo, A. Gregg, E. W. Pastor-Valero, M. Robles, S. C. TI Waist circumference, BMI and the prevalence of self-reported diabetes among the elderly of the United States and six cities of Latin America and the Caribbean SO DIABETES RESEARCH AND CLINICAL PRACTICE LA English DT Article DE diabetes prevalence; Latin America; elderly ID BODY-MASS INDEX; IMPAIRED GLUCOSE REGULATION; MORTALITY RISK; HEALTH; POPULATION; WEIGHT; SEX; AGE; SMOKING; OBESITY AB Using data from the Salud Bienestar y Envejecirmento (SABE) project and the U.S. National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES 1999-2004), we examined the prevalence of obesity and diagnosed diabetes among older adults in the Americas; we also examined the association of age, sex, level of education, weight status, waist circumference, smoking, and race/ethnicity with diabetes among older adults. The prevalence of diagnosed diabetes was highest in the US Blacks and Mexican Americans, followed by Bridgetown and Mexico City (22% for each) and lowest in Santiago, Montevideo, Havana, and US Whites (13-15%). Diagnosed diabetes was significantly associated with BMI among participants from Bridgetown, Sao Paulo, and the three US ethnic groups, while it was associated with waist circumference in all sites except Mexico City. Our findings suggest major geographical and ethnic variation in the prevalence of diagnosed diabetes among older adults. Waist circumference was more consistently associated with the prevalence of diagnosed diabetes than BMI. Higher prevalences of diabetes are found among the elderly of African or Mexican descent in the United States and in other countries of the Americas when compared to the prevalence among whites in the United States and in other Latin American countries with populations of predominant Western European descent. (c) 2007 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Pan Amer Hlth Org, Washington, DC 20037 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Diabet Translat, Atlanta, GA USA. Maestro Albeniz, Elche 03202, Spain. World Bank, Human Dev Network, Washington, DC 20433 USA. RP Barcelo, A (reprint author), Pan Amer Hlth Org, 525 23rd St,NW,Suite 722, Washington, DC 20037 USA. EM barceloa@paho.org NR 36 TC 22 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0168-8227 J9 DIABETES RES CLIN PR JI Diabetes Res. Clin. Pract. PD DEC PY 2007 VL 78 IS 3 BP 418 EP 427 DI 10.1016/j.diabres.2007.06.008 PG 10 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 239BF UT WOS:000251492100017 PM 17669541 ER PT J AU Alves, RT Povoa, MM Goldman, IF Cavasini, CE Rossit, ARB Machado, RLD AF Alves, Renata Tome Povoa, Marinete Marins Goldman, Ira F. Cavasini, Carlos Eugnio Baptista Rossit, Andrea Regina Dantas Machado, Ricardo Luiz TI A new polymerase chain reaction/restriction fragment length polymorphism protocol for Plasmodium vivax circumsporozoite protein genotype (VK210, VK247, and P-vivax-like) determination SO DIAGNOSTIC MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASE LA English DT Article DE Plasmodium vivax genotypes; PCR/RFLP; diagnosis; circumsporozoite protein; Plasmodium vivax-like; VK210; VK247 ID HUMAN MALARIA PARASITE; CHLOROQUINE; VARIANTS; IDENTIFICATION; INDIVIDUALS; RESISTANCE; RESPONSES; ANTIBODY; GENE; PCR AB For the molecular diagnosis of Plasmodium vivax variants (VK210, VK247, and P. vivax-like) using DNA amplification procedures in the laboratory, the choice of rapid and inexpensive identification products of the 3 different genotypes is an important prerequisite. We report here the standardization of a new polymerase chain reaction/restriction fragment length polymorphism technique to identify the 3 described P. vivax circumsporozoite protein (CSP) variants using amplification of the central immunodominant region of the CSP gene of this protozoan. The simplicity, specificity, and sensitivity of the system described here is important to determine the prevalence and the distribution of infection with these P. vivax genotypes in endemic and nonendemic malaria areas, enabling a better understanding of their phylogeny. (c) 2007 Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Alves, Renata Tome; Cavasini, Carlos Eugnio; Baptista Rossit, Andrea Regina; Dantas Machado, Ricardo Luiz] Fac Med Sao Jose do Rio Preto, Dept Doencas Dermatol Infecciosas & Parasitarias, Ctr Invest Microorganisms, BR-15090000 Sao Jose Do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil. [Alves, Renata Tome] Univ Estadual Paulista, BR-15054000 Sao Jose Do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil. [Povoa, Marinete Marins] MS SVS, Inst Evandro Chagas, BR-67030000 Ananindeua, Para, Brazil. [Goldman, Ira F.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Baptista Rossit, Andrea Regina; Dantas Machado, Ricardo Luiz] Fdn Fac Med Sao Jose do Rio Preto, FUNFARME, BR-15090000 Sao Jose Do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil. RP Machado, RLD (reprint author), Fac Med Sao Jose do Rio Preto, Dept Doencas Dermatol Infecciosas & Parasitarias, Ctr Invest Microorganisms, BR-15090000 Sao Jose Do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil. EM ricardomachado@famerp.br RI Dantas Machado, Ricardo Luiz/P-1288-2014; baptista, Andrea /L-5970-2016 OI Dantas Machado, Ricardo Luiz/0000-0002-8955-3204; baptista, Andrea /0000-0002-0461-7521 NR 25 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0732-8893 J9 DIAGN MICR INFEC DIS JI Diagn. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. PD DEC PY 2007 VL 59 IS 4 BP 415 EP 419 DI 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2007.06.019 PG 5 WC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 243PK UT WOS:000251809600010 PM 17916421 ER PT J AU Marano, N Arguin, PM Pappaioanou, M AF Marano, Nina Arguin, Paul M. Pappaioanou, Marguerite TI Impact of globalization and animal trade on infectious disease ecology SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. Assoc Amer Vet Coll, Washington, DC USA. RP Marano, N (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mailstop E03, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM nmarano@cdc.gov NR 10 TC 29 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 11 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD DEC PY 2007 VL 13 IS 12 BP 1807 EP 1809 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 238KN UT WOS:000251446600001 PM 18258027 ER PT J AU Eisen, L Eisen, RJ AF Eisen, Lars Eisen, Rebecca J. TI Need for improved methods to collect and present spatial epidemiologic data for vectorborne diseases SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID IXODES-PACIFICUS ACARI; WEST-NILE-VIRUS; GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION-SYSTEMS; LYME-DISEASE; UNITED-STATES; LANDSCAPE ECOLOGY; YERSINIA-PESTIS; HUMAN PLAGUE; CALIFORNIA; RISK AB Improved methods for collection and presentation of spatial epidemiologic data are needed for vectorborne diseases in the United States. Lack of reliable data for probable pathogen exposure site has emerged as a major obstacle to the development of predictive spatial risk models. Although plague case investigations can serve as a model for how to ideally generate needed information, this comprehensive approach is cost-prohibitive for more common and less severe diseases. New methods are urgently needed to determine probable pathogen exposure sites that will yield reliable results while taking into account economic and time constraints of the public health system and attending physicians. Recent data demonstrate the need for a change from use of the county spatial unit for presentation of incidence of vectorborne diseases to more precise ZIP code or census tract scales. Such fine-scale spatial risk patterns can be communicated to the public and medical community through Web-mapping approaches. C1 Colorado State Univ, Dept Microbiol Immunol & Pathol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ft Collins, CO USA. RP Eisen, L (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Microbiol Immunol & Pathol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. EM lars.eisen@colostate.edu NR 37 TC 39 Z9 40 U1 1 U2 7 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD DEC PY 2007 VL 13 IS 12 BP 1816 EP 1820 PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 238KN UT WOS:000251446600003 PM 18258029 ER PT J AU Swanepoel, R Smit, SB Rollin, PE Formenty, P Leman, PA Kemp, A Burt, FJ Grobbelaar, AA Croft, J Bausch, DG Zeller, H Leirs, H Braack, LEO Libande, ML Zaki, S Nichol, ST Kslazek, TG Paweska, JT AF Swanepoel, Robert Smit, Sheilagh B. Rollin, Pierre E. Formenty, Pierre Leman, Patricia A. Kemp, Alan Burt, Felicity J. Grobbelaar, Antoinette A. Croft, Janice Bausch, Daniel G. Zeller, Herve Leirs, Herwig Braack, L. E. O. Libande, Modeste L. Zaki, Sherif Nichol, Stuart T. Kslazek, Thomas G. Paweska, Janusz T. TI Studies of reservoir hosts for Marburg virus SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID EBOLA-VIRUS; OUTBREAK; DISEASE; AFRICA; KENYA; BATS AB To determine reservoir hosts for Marburg virus (MARV), we examined the fauna of a mine in northeastern Democratic Republic of the Congo. The mine was associated with a protracted outbreak of Marburg hemorrhagic fever during 1998-2000. We found MARV nucleic acid in 12 bats, comprising 3.0%-3.6% of 2 species of insectivorous bat and 1 species of fruit bat. We found antibody to the virus in the serum of 9.7% of 1 of the insectivorous species and in 20.5% of the fruit bat species, but attempts to isolate virus were unsuccessful. C1 Natl Inst Communicable Dis, ZA-2131 Johannesburg, South Africa. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. WHO, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. Univ Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa. Tulane Sch Publ Hlth & Trop Med, New Orleans, LA USA. Inst Pasteur, Lyon, France. Univ Antwerp, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium. Univ Aarhus, Lyngby, Denmark. Conservat Int, Cape Town, South Africa. Dept Hlth, Watsa, Congo. RP Swanepoel, R (reprint author), Natl Inst Communicable Dis, Private Bag X4, ZA-2131 Johannesburg, South Africa. EM bobs@nicd.ac.za RI Leirs, Herwig/B-8197-2008 OI Leirs, Herwig/0000-0002-7612-5024 NR 16 TC 106 Z9 111 U1 2 U2 28 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD DEC PY 2007 VL 13 IS 12 BP 1847 EP 1851 PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 238KN UT WOS:000251446600008 PM 18258034 ER PT J AU Thigpen, MC Richards, CL Lynfield, R Barrett, NL Harrison, LH Arnold, KE Reingold, A Bennett, NM Craig, AS Gershman, K Cieslak, PR Lewis, P Greene, CM Beall, B Van Beneden, CA AF Thigpen, Michael C. Richards, Chesley L., Jr. Lynfield, Ruth Barrett, Nancy L. Harrison, Lee H. Arnold, Kathryn E. Reingold, Arthur Bennett, Nancy M. Craig, Allen S. Gershman, Ken Cieslak, Paul R. Lewis, Paige Greene, Carolyn M. Beall, Bernard Van Beneden, Chris A. TI Invasive group a streptococcal infection in older adults in long-term care facilities and the community, united states, 1998-2003 SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID NURSING-HOME; RISK-FACTORS; DISEASE; OUTBREAK; PNEUMONIA; VACCINE; IMMUNOGENICITY; EPIDEMIOLOGY; RESIDENTS; ONTARIO AB Limited information exists on the incidence and characteristics of invasive group A streptococcal (GAS) infections among residents of long-term care facilities (LTCFs). We reviewed cases of invasive GAS infections occurring among persons >= 65 years of age identified through active, population-based surveillance from 1998 through 2003. We identified 1,762 invasive GAS cases among persons >= 65 years, including 1,662 with known residence type (LTCF or community). Incidence of invasive GAS infection among LTCF residents compared to community-based elderly was 41.0 versus 6.9 cases per 100,000 population. LTCIF casepatients were 1.5 times as likely to die from the infection as community-based case-patients (33% vs. 21%, p < 0.01) but were less often hospitalized (90% vs. 95%, p < 0.01). In multivariate logistic regression modeling, LTCF residence remained an independent predictor of death. Additional prevention strategies against GAS infection in this high-risk population are urgently needed. C1 Ctr Dis Control, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. Minnesota Dept Hlth, Minneapolis, MN USA. Connecticut Dept Publ Hlth, Hartford, CT USA. Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. Georgia Dept Human Resources, Atlanta, GA USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Sch Publ Hlth, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Univ Rochester, Sch Med & Dent, Rochester, NY USA. Tennessee Dept Hlth, Nashville, TN USA. Colorado Dept Publ Hlth & Environm, Denver, CO USA. Oregon State Publ Hlth, Portland, OR USA. RP Thigpen, MC (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mailstop E45, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM mthigpen@cdc.gov NR 36 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 1 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD DEC PY 2007 VL 13 IS 12 BP 1852 EP 1859 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 238KN UT WOS:000251446600009 PM 18258035 ER PT J AU Uyeki, TM Bresee, JS AF Uyeki, Timothy M. Bresee, Joseph S. TI Detecting human-to-human transmission of avian influenza a (H5N1) SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Letter C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Uyeki, TM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mailstop A32,1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM tuyeki@cdc.gov NR 5 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD DEC PY 2007 VL 13 IS 12 BP 1969 EP 1970 PG 2 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 238KN UT WOS:000251446600042 PM 18258068 ER PT J AU Potter, P AF Potter, Polyxeni TI Uncommon denominators SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Potter, P (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mailstop D61, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM PMPI@cdc.gov NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD DEC PY 2007 VL 13 IS 12 BP 1974 EP 1975 PG 2 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 238KN UT WOS:000251446600044 ER PT J AU Cox, S Niskar, AS Narayan, KMV Marcus, M AF Cox, Shanna Niskar, Amanda Sue Narayan, K. M. Venkat Marcus, Michele TI Prevalence of self-reported diabetes and exposure to organochlorine pesticides among Mexican Americans: Hispanic Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1982-1984 SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Article DE diabetes; health effects; HHANES; Hispanic; organochlorines; pesticides ID PERSISTENT ORGANIC POLLUTANTS; GLUCOSE TRANSPORTING ACTIVITY; AIR-FORCE VETERANS; SERUM CONCENTRATIONS; ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINANTS; POLYCHLORINATED-BIPHENYLS; DIOXIN EXPOSURE; MELLITUS; WOMEN; MORTALITY AB BACKGROUND: The prevalence of diabetes is higher among Mexican Americans than among non-Hispanic whites. Higher serum levels of organochlorine pesticides in Mexican Americans have been reported. Few studies have explored the association between pesticide exposure and diabetes. OBJECTIVES: We set out to examine the association between self-reported diabetes and serum concentrations of organochlorine pesticides among Mexican Americans residing in the southwestern United States from 1982 to 1984. METHODS: This study was conducted among a sample of 1,303 Mexican Americans 20-74 years of age from the Hispanic Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Serum concentrations were available for seven pesticides or pesticide metabolites at quantifiable levels in at least 1% of the study population: p,p'-DDT (dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane), p,p'-DDE (dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene), dieldrin, oxychlordane, beta-hexachlorocyclohexane, hexachlorobenzene, and transnonachlor. We used logistic regression to evaluate the association of self-reported diabetes with exposure to organochlorine pesticides, with and without adjustment for total serum lipids. Nonfasting serum glucose values were compared among exposure groups. RESULTS: Self-reported diabetes was significantly associated with serum levels above the detectable limit for trans-nonachlor, oxychlordane, and beta-hexachlorocyclohexane and among those with the highest level of exposure to p,p'-DDT and p,p'-DDE. On adjustment for total serum lipids, the association with p,p'-DDT remained significant. Serum glucose levels were elevated among those exposed to trans-nonachlor and beta-hexachlorocyclohexane. CONCLUSION: This study suggests that higher serum levels of certain organochlorine pesticides may be associated with increased prevalence of diabetes. Additional studies with more extensive clinical assessment are needed to confirm this association. C1 Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm & Occupat Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Div Environm Hazards & Hlth Effects, Environm Tracking Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. Tel Aviv Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm & Occupat Hlth, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis & Hlth Promot, Div Diabet Translat, Atlanta, GA USA. Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Hubert Dept Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Marcus, M (reprint author), Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, 1518 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. EM mmarcus@sph.emory.edu RI Cox, Shanna/F-4806-2011; Narayan, K.M. Venkat /J-9819-2012; Marcus, Michele/J-2746-2015 OI Narayan, K.M. Venkat /0000-0001-8621-5405; NR 43 TC 64 Z9 69 U1 2 U2 5 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD DEC PY 2007 VL 115 IS 12 BP 1747 EP 1752 DI 10.1289/ehp.10258 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 237YE UT WOS:000251411500035 PM 18087594 ER PT J AU Herbstman, JB Sjoedin, A Apelberg, BJ Witter, FR Patterson, DG Halden, RU Jones, RS Park, A Zhang, Y Heidler, J Needham, LL Goldman, LR AF Herbstman, Julie B. Sjoedin, Andreas Apelberg, Benjamin J. Witter, Frank R. Patterson, Donald G., Jr. Halden, Roff U. Jones, Richard S. Park, Annie Zhang, Yalin Heidler, Jochen Needham, Larry L. Goldman, Lynn R. TI Determinants of prenatal exposure to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) and polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in an urban population SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Article DE dichlorodiphenyldichloroethylene; dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane; environmental exposure; epidemiology; fetal exposure; polychlorinated biphenyls; polybrominated diphenyl ethers; prenatal; urban ID BROMINATED FLAME RETARDANTS; HUMAN ADIPOSE-TISSUE; HOUSE-DUST; PREGNANT-WOMEN; BODY BURDENS; HUMAN SERUM; BLOOD; ENVIRONMENT; CHEMICALS; MILK AB BACKGROUND: Recent studies have reported blood levels of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) in the U.S. population. Information about neonatal levels and about the relationship to polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) exposures is limited. OBJECTIVES: The objective was to characterize levels and determinants of fetal exposure to PBDEs and PCBs among newborns from Baltimore, Maryland. METHODS: We analyzed umbilical cord blood for eight PBDEs and 35 PCBs from infants delivered at the Johns Hopkins Hospital. Maternal and infant characteristics were abstracted from medical records. RESULTS: Ninety-four percent of cord serum samples had quantifiable levels of at least one PBDE congener, and > 99% had at least one detectable PCB congener. PBDE concentrations in cord blood were similar to those reported in other studies from North America. Strong correlations were observed within but not across PCB and PBDE classes. Multivariate models showed that many factors independently predicted exposure to BDE-47, BDE-100, and BDE-153 and CB-118, CB-138/158, CB-153, and CB-180. Generally, infants of Asian mothers had lower PBDE and PCB levels, and infants of smokers had higher levels. Increased maternal body mass index was associated with lower levels of PCBs but not PBDE. Levels of PCBs but not PBDEs were lower in births from married and multiparous mothers. Increased maternal age was associated with higher PCB levels but lower PBDE levels. CONCLUSIONS: Although many of the factors we investigated were independent predictors of both PBDE and PCB levels, in some cases the direction of associations was different. More research is needed to better understand the sources and pathways of PBDE exposure. C1 Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. Johns Hopkins Sch Med, Dept Gynecol & Obstet, Baltimore, MD USA. Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Div Sci Lab, Atlanta, GA USA. Columbia Mailman Sch Publ Hlth, Columbia Childrens Ctr Environm Hlth, New York, NY USA. RP Goldman, LR (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, 615 N Wolfe St,Rm E6636, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. EM lgoldman@jhsph.edu RI Needham, Larry/E-4930-2011; Goldman, Lynn/D-5372-2012; Sjodin, Andreas/F-2464-2010; Halden, Rolf/F-9562-2010 OI Halden, Rolf/0000-0001-5232-7361 FU NIEHS NIH HHS [P30 ES003819, P30ES03819] NR 56 TC 81 Z9 89 U1 2 U2 14 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD DEC PY 2007 VL 115 IS 12 BP 1794 EP 1800 DI 10.1289/ehp.10333 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 237YE UT WOS:000251411500043 PM 18087602 ER PT J AU Kelvin, EA Hesdorffer, DC Bagiella, E Andrews, H Pedley, TA Shih, TT Leary, L Thurman, DJ Hauser, WA AF Kelvin, Elizabeth A. Hesdorffer, Dale C. Bagiella, Emilia Andrews, Howard Pedley, Timothy A. Shih, Tina T. Leary, Linda Thurman, David J. Hauser, W. Allen. TI Prevalence of self-reported epilepsy in a multiracial and multiethnic community in New York City SO EPILEPSY RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE epilepsy; seizure; prevalence; minorities; health disparities; New York AB Purpose: To estimate the prevalence of epilepsy in a racially and ethnically diverse neighborhood in New York City. Methods: We used random-digit dialing to identify people with a history of epilepsy. We estimated the prevalence of active epilepsy and lifetime epilepsy. Results: The age-adjusted prevalence of active epilepsy was 5.0 per 1000, and that of lifetime epilepsy was 5.9 per 1000. Prevalence appeared higher in Hispanics (active prevalence: 6.3 per 1000; lifetime prevalence: 7.5 per 1000) than in non-Hispanics (active prevalence: 4.1 per 1000; lifetime prevalence: 4.7 per 1000). Blacks appeared to have a lower prevalence of active epilepsy (5.2 per 1000) than whites (5.9 per 1000), but a higher lifetime prevalence (7.5 per 1000 vs. 5.9 per 1000). Ethnic and racial differences in access to epilepsy care were evident both in terms of drug treatment and use of emergency departments for care. Conclusions: The prevalence of epilepsy in this predominantly minority urban community is similar to that reported in other contemporary studies. Less access to health care for black and Hispanic respondents, compared with white respondents, may have influenced self -reported active epilepsy prevalence estimates since the definition includes recent use of antiseizure medication. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Kelvin, Elizabeth A.; Hauser, W. Allen.] Columbia Univ, Gertrude H Sergievsky Ctr, New York, NY 10032 USA. [Hesdorffer, Dale C.; Hauser, W. Allen.] Columbia Univ, Mailman Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, New York, NY 10032 USA. [Pedley, Timothy A.; Hauser, W. Allen.] Columbia Univ, Coll Phys & Surg, Dept Neurol, New York, NY 10032 USA. [Bagiella, Emilia; Andrews, Howard] Columbia Univ, Mailman Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Biostat, New York, NY 10032 USA. [Andrews, Howard] Columbia Univ, Data Coordinating Ctr, New York State Psychiat Inst, New York, NY 10032 USA. [Shih, Tina T.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Neurol, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Leary, Linda] UCB Inc, Dept Med Affairs, Smyrna, GA 30080 USA. [Thurman, David J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Hauser, WA (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Gertrude H Sergievsky Ctr, 622 W 168th St, New York, NY 10032 USA. EM eak34@columbia.edu; dch5@columbia.edu; eb51@columbia.edu; andrews@pidata.cpmc.columbia.edu; tap2@columbia.edu; Tina.Shih@ucsf.edu; linda.leary@ucb-group.com; dxt9@cdc.gov; wahausera@optonline.net NR 19 TC 44 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-1211 J9 EPILEPSY RES JI Epilepsy Res. PD DEC PY 2007 VL 77 IS 2-3 BP 141 EP 150 DI 10.1016/j.eplepsyres.2007.09.012 PG 10 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 243QK UT WOS:000251812200009 PM 18023147 ER PT J AU Byrd, TL Chavez, R Wilson, KM AF Byrd, Theresa L. Chavez, Rafaelita Wilson, Katherine M. TI Barriers and facilitators of cervical cancer screening among Hispanic women SO ETHNICITY & DISEASE LA English DT Article DE Hispanic; cervical cancer screening; barriers to screening ID HEALTH INTERVIEW SURVEY; UNITED-STATES; BORDER; BELIEFS; MEXICO; BREAST; RISK AB Hispanic women are less likely than non-Hispanic white women to utilize Pap test screening. Additionally, Hispanic women have higher rates of cervical cancer than nonHispanic white women. To better understand the barriers and facilitators for Pap test screening, we conducted 13 focus groups with 84 Hispanic women aged 18-61 years. The moderator guide was developed using the Health Belief Model. These focus groups were part of a larger study aimed at developing intervention materials for women on the US-Mexico border. Most of the women knew about cervical cancer and the Pap test. Perceived benefits of screening were finding cancer early, and feeling good about taking care of one's health. Personal barriers to having the test included embarrassment, fear, and pain. System barriers included physician gender and insensitivity to patient needs. Although the male partner was mentioned as a possible barrier in every group, most women expressed that this was not an issue for them personally. Facilitating factors fell into three categories: information/education, low cost or free tests, and supportive physicians and friends. Results of the focus group study were used in the subsequent development of a survey instrument and an intervention in a larger study. C1 Univ Texas, Sch Publ Hlth, Hlth Sci Ctr Houston, Div Hlth Promot & Behav Sci, El Paso, TX USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Byrd, TL (reprint author), Univ Texas, Sch Publ Hlth, Hlth Sci Ctr Houston, Div Hlth Promot & Behav Sci, 1100 N Stanton,Suite 110, El Paso, TX USA. EM Theresa.L.Byrd@uth.tmc.edu NR 23 TC 59 Z9 61 U1 1 U2 8 PU INT SOC HYPERTENSION BLACKS-ISHIB PI ATLANTA PA 100 AUBURN AVE NE STE 401, ATLANTA, GA 30303-2527 USA SN 1049-510X J9 ETHNIC DIS JI Ethn. Dis. PD WIN PY 2007 VL 17 IS 1 BP 129 EP 134 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 126BK UT WOS:000243487000022 PM 17274222 ER PT J AU Kirk, JK Graves, DE Bell, RA Hildebrandt, CA Narayan, KMV AF Kirk, Julienne K. Graves, Darby E. Bell, Ronny A. Hildebrandt, Carol A. Narayan, K. M. Venkat TI Racial and ethnic disparities in self-monitoring of blood glucose among us adults: A qualitative review SO ETHNICITY & DISEASE LA English DT Editorial Material DE African Americans; American Indians; Asian Americans; blood glucose self monitoring; diabetes; Hispanic; Latino; Mexican Americans; non-Hispanic Whites; review ID DIABETES PREVENTIVE CARE; AFRICAN-AMERICANS; PATIENT EDUCATION; GLYCEMIC CONTROL; UNITED-STATES; MANAGED CARE; POPULATION; HEALTH; COMPLICATIONS; MELLITUS AB Objective: To review existing data to determine whether racial/ethnic disparities exist for self-monitoring of blood glucose (SMBG) among adults in the United States. Study Design: A literature search of diabetes-related studies published from 1970 through June 2005 was conducted. Our search strategy included SMBG in minority populations with diabetes. Methods: Studies were selected for review it they reported SMBG rates from a specific racial/ethnic minority group or if there were comparisons of SMBG rates across racial/ethnic groups. Results: Twenty-two studies were reviewed that met the search criteria. Twelve studies included data from a single racial/ethnic minority group, and 10 studies included comparisons between non-Hispanic Whites and at least one racial/ethnic minority group. Data represented studies conducted in a variety of settings, such as healthcare facilities in a state or region of the United States and nationally representative surveys. Most of the data indicate that SMBG rates are generally low, regardless of the population. In comparative studies, some racial/ethnic differences overall were found in SMBG rates among all racial/ethnic minority groups when compared to non-Hispanic Whites. Across studies, patients taking insulin performed SMBG more frequently than did those not taking insulin. Conclusions: Despite widespread recommendations for self-monitoring of blood glucose, compliance is reported to be low in all groups in the United States, especially among racial/ ethnic minorities. C1 Wake Forest Univ, Bowman Gray Sch Med, Dept Family & Community Med, Winston Salem, NC 27157 USA. Wake Forest Univ, Bowman Gray Sch Med, Div Publ Hlth Sci, Winston Salem, NC 27157 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Diabet Translat, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Kirk, JK (reprint author), Wake Forest Univ, Bowman Gray Sch Med, Dept Family & Community Med, Med Ctr blvd, Winston Salem, NC 27157 USA. EM jkirk@wfubmc.edu RI Narayan, K.M. Venkat /J-9819-2012 OI Narayan, K.M. Venkat /0000-0001-8621-5405 NR 41 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 5 U2 7 PU INT SOC HYPERTENSION BLACKS-ISHIB PI ATLANTA PA 100 AUBURN AVE NE STE 401, ATLANTA, GA 30303-2527 USA SN 1049-510X J9 ETHNIC DIS JI Ethn. Dis. PD WIN PY 2007 VL 17 IS 1 BP 135 EP 142 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 126BK UT WOS:000243487000023 PM 17274223 ER PT J AU Newton, R Ziegler, J Casabonne, D Beral, V Mbidde, E Carpenter, L Parkin, DM Wabinga, H Mbulaiteye, S Jaffe, H AF Newton, Robert Ziegler, John Casabonne, Delphine Beral, Valerie Mbidde, Edward Carpenter, Lucy Parkin, D. Maxwell Wabinga, Henry Mbulaiteye, Sam Jaffe, Harold CA Uganda Kaposi's Sarcoma Study Grp TI A case-control study of cancer of the uterine cervix in Uganda SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CANCER PREVENTION LA English DT Article DE cervix cancer; Uganda ID IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS-INFECTION; RISK-FACTORS; KAPOSIS-SARCOMA; HUMAN-PAPILLOMAVIRUS; SOUTH-AFRICA; CARCINOMA; HIV; WORLDWIDE; ADULTS; WOMEN AB As part of an epidemiological study of cancer in Uganda, we investigated social, sexual and reproductive factors in relation to the risk of cancer of the uterine cervix. Patients with all cancer types or with benign tumours were recruited from hospitals in Kampala, Uganda, interviewed about various demographic and lifestyle factors and tested for antibodies against the human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV). The case-control study reported here involves 702 HIV-seronegative women, 343 of whom were diagnosed with cancer of the uterine cervix. Key findings were that the risk of cervical cancer increased linearly with the number of pregnancies [chi(2)(1) = 44.7; P< 0.0001]; a woman reporting having had 10 or more children had a roughly seven-fold increase in risk of the tumour as compared with women reporting fewer than four pregnancies (odds ratio=7.1; 95% confidence interval 3.8-13.2). The risk also varied inversely with age at first reported sexual intercourse [chi(2)(1)=8.4; P=0.004], perhaps reflecting an earlier age of infection with human papillomavirus, the main causal agent. These results are in line with those reported from studies in other countries. C1 Univ York, Dept Hlth Sci, Epidemiol & Genet Unit, York YO10 5DD, N Yorkshire, England. Uganda Canc Inst, Kampala, Uganda. Makerere Univ, Sch Med, Kampala, Uganda. Canc Res UK, Epidemiol Unit, Oxford, England. Uganda Virus Res Inst, MRC Programme AIDS, Entebbe, Uganda. Int Agcy Res Canc, F-69372 Lyon, France. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Newton, R (reprint author), Univ York, Dept Hlth Sci, Epidemiol & Genet Unit, Seebohm Rowntree Bldg, York YO10 5DD, N Yorkshire, England. EM Rob.Newton@egu.york.ac.uk RI Beral, Valerie/B-2979-2013; Casabonne, Delphine/H-6425-2014 NR 26 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0959-8278 J9 EUR J CANCER PREV JI Eur. J. Cancer Prev. PD DEC PY 2007 VL 16 IS 6 BP 555 EP 558 PG 4 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 227WW UT WOS:000250689500010 PM 18090129 ER PT J AU Gerner-Smidt, P Whichard, JM AF Gerner-Smidt, Peter Whichard, Jean M. TI Foodborne disease trends and reports SO FOODBORNE PATHOGENS AND DISEASE LA English DT Editorial Material ID UNITED-STATES C1 [Gerner-Smidt, Peter; Whichard, Jean M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Gerner-Smidt, P (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 5 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1535-3141 J9 FOODBORNE PATHOG DIS JI Foodborne Pathog. Dis. PD WIN PY 2007 VL 4 IS 4 BP 391 EP 394 DI 10.1089/fpd.2007.9996 PG 4 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 240PB UT WOS:000251598400001 PM 18041948 ER PT J AU Everett, B Cameron, B Li, H Vollmer-Conna, U Davenport, T Hickie, I Wakefield, D Vernon, S Reeves, WC Lloyd, AR AF Everett, B. Cameron, B. Li, H. Vollmer-Conna, U. Davenport, T. Hickie, I. Wakefield, D. Vernon, S. Reeves, W. C. Lloyd, A. R. TI Polymorphisms in Toll-like receptors-2 and-4 are not associated with disease manifestations in acute Q fever SO GENES AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article DE genetic polymorphisms; lipopolysaccharide; Toll-like receptors; Q fever ID PRO-INFLAMMATORY CYTOKINES; COXIELLA-BURNETII; TLR4; TOLL-LIKE-RECEPTOR-2; MUTATIONS; LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE; TUBERCULOSIS; INFECTION; PATHOGENS; RESPONSES AB Coxiella burnetii is a macrophage-tropic, Gram-negative organism, which causes acute Q fever infection in humans. This zoonotic infection causes illness ranging from asymptomatic seroconversion to severe and protracted disease featuring hepatitis and pneumonia. Interactions between C. burnetii lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and host Toll-like receptors (TLR)-2 and -4 have been implicated in pathogen recognition, phagocytosis and signaling responses. Nonconservative single nucleotide polymorphisms in the coding regions of TLR-2 (Arg677Trp and Arg753Gln) and TLR-4 (Asp299Gly) have been found to correlate with mycobacterial infections and Gram-negative sepsis respectively. Associations between the TLR-2 and -4 polymorphisms, illness characteristics and immune response parameters were examined in subjects with acute Q fever (n = 85) and comparison subjects with viral infections (n = 162). No correlation was demonstrated between these polymorphisms and susceptibility to Q fever, illness severity or illness course. C1 Univ New S Wales, Sch Med Sci, Ctr Infect & Inflammat Res, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia. Univ New S Wales, Sch Psychiat, Sydney, NSW, Australia. Univ Sydney, Brain & Mind Res Inst, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Viral Exanthems & Herpesvirus Branch, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Lloyd, AR (reprint author), Univ New S Wales, Sch Med Sci, Ctr Infect & Inflammat Res, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia. EM A.Lloyd@unsw.edu.au FU PHS HHS [U50/CCU019851-01] NR 22 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 1 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 1466-4879 J9 GENES IMMUN JI Genes Immun. PD DEC PY 2007 VL 8 IS 8 BP 699 EP 702 DI 10.1038/sj.gene.6364428 PG 4 WC Genetics & Heredity; Immunology SC Genetics & Heredity; Immunology GA 238OB UT WOS:000251456000011 PM 17855803 ER PT J AU Evans, J Khoury, MJ AF Evans, Jim Khoury, Muin J. TI Evidence based medicine meets genomic medicine SO GENETICS IN MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Evans, Jim] Univ N Carolina, Dept Genet, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Evans, Jim] Univ N Carolina, Dept Med, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Khoury, Muin J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Off Publ Hlth Genom, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Evans, J (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Dept Genet, CB 7264, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. EM jpevans@med.unc.edu NR 6 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1098-3600 J9 GENET MED JI Genet. Med. PD DEC PY 2007 VL 9 IS 12 BP 799 EP 800 DI 10.1097/GIM.0b013e31815bf9b5 PG 2 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 245DU UT WOS:000251915900001 PM 18091428 ER PT J AU Falkenberg, VR Fregien, N AF Falkenberg, V. Rebecca Fregien, Nevis TI Control of core 2 beta 1,6 N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase-I transcription by Sp1 in lymphocytes and epithelial cells SO GLYCOCONJUGATE JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE glycosyltransferase; transcription; gene expression; core 2 branch; Sp1 ID O-GLYCANS; CYSTIC-FIBROSIS; GROWTH-FACTOR; 2 BETA-1,6-N-ACETYLGLUCOSAMINYLTRANSFERASE; OLIGOSACCHARIDE BIOSYNTHESIS; CONSTITUTIVE EXPRESSION; SELECTIN LIGANDS; MUCIN SYNTHESIS; GENE; GLYCOSYLATION AB Core 2 beta 1,6 N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase-I (C2GnT-I) catalyzes the synthesis of one of the major core structures in GalNAc alpha-Ser/Thr O-linked oligosaccharides, the core 2 branch. The production of the core 2 branch is required for the synthesis of glycoforms that are important for the cellular functions of lymphocytes, mucin-producing epithelial cells and other cell types. Therefore, proper molecular control of C2GnT-I expression is very important for different types of cells. C2GnT-I is transcribed from 4 promoters, with promoter 2 being the major promoter. C2GnT-I promoter 2 lacks a TATA box and is very GC rich. In this study, the analysis of this promoter finds that the transcription factor Sp1 is essential for transcription of C2GnT-I in both mesodermally derived T-cells (Jurkat) and in endodermal mucin producing epithelial cells (NCI H292). In Jurkat cells, all nine of the Sp1 binding sites within the minimal promoter region contribute to transcription, and there is a linear relationship between the number of Sp1 sites and the transcriptional activity of the promoter. In NCI H292 cells, only three of these Sp1 binding sites are required for transcription from promoter 2. Chromatin immunoprecipitation confirms that Sp1 binds to promoter 2 in NCI H292 cells in vivo. C1 Univ Miami, Miller Sch Med, Dept Cell Biol & Anat, Miami, FL 33136 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Fregien, N (reprint author), Univ Miami, Miller Sch Med, Dept Cell Biol & Anat, 1600 NW 10th Ave,R-124, Miami, FL 33136 USA. EM nevis@miami.edu NR 50 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0282-0080 J9 GLYCOCONJUGATE J JI Glycoconjugate J. PD DEC PY 2007 VL 24 IS 9 BP 511 EP 519 DI 10.1007/s10719-007-9043-2 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 224RZ UT WOS:000250465400001 PM 17530395 ER PT J AU Stewart, SL Wike, JM Foster, SL Michaud, F AF Stewart, Sherri L. Wike, Jennifer M. Foster, Stephanie L. Michaud, Frances TI The incidence of primary fallopian tube cancer in the United States SO GYNECOLOGIC ONCOLOGY LA English DT Article DE fallopian tube; cancer; surveillance; incidence ID OVARIAN-CANCER; PRIMARY-CARCINOMA; MUTATIONS; SURVIVAL; TUMORS; WOMEN; RISK AB Objective. The objective of this study was to report the incidence of primary fallopian tube carcinoma (PFTC) in the United States population and to describe associated demographic and clinical factors. Methods. A total of 3051 PFTC cases diagnosed from 1998 to 2003, reported from population-based cancer registries, were analyzed. Registries contributing data represent 83.1% of the U.S. population. Data are presented by age, race/ethnicity, U.S. census region, stage, histology, grade, and laterality. Trends in incidence over time from 1998 to 2003 are also presented. Results. The incidence rate was 0.41 per 100,000 women from 1998 to 2003. White, non-Hispanic women and women aged 60-79 had the highest incidence rates (p<0.0001). The majority (88%) of PFTCs were adenocarcinomas; serous adenocarcinomas accounted for 44% and endometrioid adenocarcinomas for 19% of adenocarcinorna diagnoses. Essentially half (49.9%) of PFTCs were poorly differentiated; 89% were unilateral at diagnosis. Stage at diagnosis was fairly evenly distributed among localized (36%), regional (30%), and distant (32%). Overall, rates of PFTC remained stable over time. Among women aged 65-69, incidence rates increased significantly by 3.8% per year from 1998 to 2003 (p<0.05). Conclusions. This report provides characteristics of PFTC using the largest number of cases assembled in one study to date. Although the demographic characteristics of PFTC are similar to those of ovarian cancer, stage at diagnosis and the stable trend observed in PFTC are in contrast to ovarian cancer. Future studies should focus on examining the increasing trend of PFTC among 65- to 69-year-old women. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Stewart, Sherri L.; Foster, Stephanie L.; Michaud, Frances] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Program Canc Registries, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Wike, Jennifer M.] Ctr Dis Control, NPCR Contractor, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Stewart, SL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Program Canc Registries, Div Canc Prevent & Control, 4770 Buford Highway K-53, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM Sstewart2@cdc.gov NR 34 TC 43 Z9 48 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0090-8258 J9 GYNECOL ONCOL JI Gynecol. Oncol. PD DEC PY 2007 VL 107 IS 3 BP 392 EP 397 DI 10.1016/j.ygyno.2007.09.018 PG 6 WC Oncology; Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Oncology; Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 241BP UT WOS:000251632200004 PM 17961642 ER PT J AU Campbell, MK Resnicow, K Carr, C Wang, T Williams, A AF Campbell, Marci Kramish Resnicow, Ken Carr, Carol Wang, Terry Williams, Alexis TI Process evaluation of an effective church-based diet intervention: Body & soul SO HEALTH EDUCATION & BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article DE minority health; health promotion; dietary intervention; motivational interviewing; cancer prevention ID AFRICAN-AMERICAN CHURCHES; RE-AIM FRAMEWORK; HEALTH-PROMOTION; BLACK CHURCHES; LIFE TRIAL; BEHAVIOR; AUTONOMY; FRUIT; FAT; VALIDATION AB Body & Soul has demonstrated effectiveness as a dietary intervention among African American church members. The process evaluation assessed relationships between program exposure and implementation factors and study outcomes and characterized factors important for adoption, implementation, and maintenance. Data sources included participant surveys and qualitative interviews with program staff, church liaisons, and volunteer advisors who conducted motivational interviewing (MI) calls. Outcomes included changes in dietary intake and psychosocial variables. Process variables included program exposure, participation, and dose and perceptions about MI calls. Results showed that attendance at project events, receiving educational materials, and self-reported quality of the MI calls were associated with significantly (p <.05) greater fruit and vegetable intake, decreased fat consumption, and other secondary outcomes. Interviews indicated implementation and sustainability issues and needs including more training to enhance MI implementation as well as ongoing support and resources. The results have implications for future dissemination efforts of Body & Soul. C1 Univ N Carolina, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Nutr, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. Univ Michigan, Sch Publ Hlth, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Univ Michigan, Ctr Comprehens Canc, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Univ N Carolina, Lineberger Comprehens Canc Ctr, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. NIH, Behav Res Program, Div Canc Control & Populat Sci, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Campbell, MK (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Nutr, CB 7461, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. EM Marci_Campbell@unc.edu NR 29 TC 44 Z9 45 U1 2 U2 11 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 1090-1981 J9 HEALTH EDUC BEHAV JI Health Educ. Behav. PD DEC PY 2007 VL 34 IS 6 BP 864 EP 880 DI 10.1177/1090198106292020 PG 17 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 236BU UT WOS:000251278800002 PM 17200096 ER PT J AU Anderson, JL Spitz, HB Yiin, JH AF Anderson, J. L. Spitz, H. B. Yiin, J. H. TI Characterization of internal exposure to enriched uranium at a former gaseous diffusion plant SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE bioassay; exposure; internal; exposure; occupational; uranium ID SOLUBILITY AB The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) is conducting a nested case-control study of mortality from multiple myeloma involving 581 subjects who worked at the Oak Ridge K-25 Gaseous Diffusion Plant. Internally-deposited uranium is the primary agent being considered in the exposure assessment. Routine operation and maintenance of the plant presented the potential for inhaling uranium of various enrichments. As part of the exposure assessment, records describing the various plant processes and procedures, documentation on the medical monitoring program, uranium urinalysis data, and procedures and analytical methods for monitoring uranium exposure were retrieved and reviewed. Uranium urinalysis data consisted of 161,055 uranium urinalysis results obtained by fluorometry and 171,914 results obtained by alpha particle counting. Approximately 20% of the workers were monitored for internal exposure using urine sampling. Mean and median uranium concentrations in urine for the monitored study subjects were slightly lower than for the entire population of monitored K-25 workers. The specific activity of uranium excreted in urine was determined by comparing results obtained using fluorometric and alpha activity measurements and indicate that the majority of internal exposure involved uranium that was depleted or enriched to no more than 4% U-235. C1 NIOSH, Div Surveillance Hazard Evaluat & Field Studies, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. RP Anderson, JL (reprint author), 5555 Ridge Ave,R-44, Cincinnati, OH 45213 USA. EM JLAnderson@cdc.gov NR 26 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD DEC PY 2007 VL 93 IS 6 BP 636 EP 644 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 232RQ UT WOS:000251037400010 PM 17993844 ER PT J AU Blossom, DB Maddox, RA Beavers, SF Church, KA Thoroughman, DA Schonberger, LB Belay, ED AF Blossom, David B. Maddox, Ryan A. Beavers, Suzanne F. Church, Kelly A. Thoroughman, Doug A. Schonberger, Lawrence B. Belay, Ermias D. TI A case of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease associated with a dura mater graft in the United States SO INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PERSON TRANSMISSION AB We describe a case of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease associated with a dura mater graft (Lyodura brand) in a 26-year-old man who underwent several neurosurgical procedures as a child. Clinicians and infection control personnel should be aware that recipients of Lyodura brand dura mater grafts processed before May 1987 may remain at increased risk for Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease throughout their lives. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv Program, Atlanta, GA USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Workforce & Career Dev, Atlanta, GA USA. Kentucky Dept Publ Hlth, Frankfort, KY USA. RP Blossom, DB (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd MS A35, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM dblossom@cdc.gov RI Belay, Ermias/A-8829-2013 NR 9 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0899-823X J9 INFECT CONT HOSP EP JI Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol. PD DEC PY 2007 VL 28 IS 12 BP 1396 EP 1397 DI 10.1086/523862 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 226VG UT WOS:000250616000014 PM 17994521 ER PT J AU Borlaug, G Newman, A Pfister, J Davis, JP AF Borlaug, Gwen Newman, Alexandra Pfister, John Davis, Jeffrey P. TI Factors that influenced rates of influenza vaccination among employees of Wisconsin acute care hospitals and nursing homes during the 2005-2006 influenza season SO INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID LONG-TERM-CARE; WORKERS; MORTALITY; TRIAL AB Hospitals and nursing homes were surveyed in 2006 to obtain information on employee influenza vaccination programs and baseline rates of influenza vaccination among employees. Results were used to make recommendations for improving employees' 2007 influenza vaccination rates. Facilities should continue to provide convenient and free vaccination programs, offer education to promote vaccination, and use signed declination forms. C1 Wisconsin Div Publ Hlth, Bur Communicable Dis & Preparedness, Madison, WI USA. Univ Wisconsin, Wisconsin State Lab Hyg, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Borlaug, G (reprint author), 1 W Wilson St,Room 318, Madison, WI 53702 USA. EM borlagm@dhfs.state.wi.us NR 10 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0899-823X J9 INFECT CONT HOSP EP JI Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol. PD DEC PY 2007 VL 28 IS 12 BP 1398 EP 1400 DI 10.1086/523866 PG 3 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 226VG UT WOS:000250616000015 PM 17952849 ER PT J AU Guerra, CM Pereira, CAP Neto, ARN Cardo, DM AF Guerra, Carla Morales Pereira, Carlos Alberto Pires Neto, Armando R. Neves Cardo, Denise Mary TI Physicians' perceptions, beliefs, attitudes, and knowledge concerning antimicrobial resistance in a Brazilian teaching hospital SO INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 17th Annual Scientific Meeting of the Society-of-Healthcare-Epidemiology-of-America CY APR 14-17, 2007 CL Baltimore, MD SP Soc Healthcare Epidemiol Amer ID PREVENT; STRATEGIES AB This cross-sectional survey assessed physicians' perceptions, knowledge and practices concerning antimicrobial resistance. Ninety-nine percent of participants reported that they perceived antimicrobial resistance as an important problem, and 86.7% agreed that antimicrobials are overprescribed, but only 2.9% rated "practicing antimicrobial control" as the most important strategy for preventing resistance. The results of this study warrant educational programs on antimicrobial resistance and the distribution of information regarding local antimicrobial susceptibility testing. C1 Univ Fed Sao Paulo, Div Infect Dis, Dept Med, BR-04024002 Sao Paulo, Brazil. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Guerra, CM (reprint author), Univ Fed Sao Paulo, Div Infect Dis, Dept Med, Rua Napoleao Barros 715,7 Andar,Vila Clementino, BR-04024002 Sao Paulo, Brazil. EM carla.ccih@gmail.com NR 10 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 2 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0899-823X J9 INFECT CONT HOSP EP JI Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol. PD DEC PY 2007 VL 28 IS 12 BP 1411 EP 1414 DI 10.1086/523278 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 226VG UT WOS:000250616000019 PM 17994525 ER PT J AU Wilkins, EE Howell, PI Benedict, MQ AF Wilkins, E. E. Howell, P. I. Benedict, M. Q. TI X and Y chromosome inheritance and mixtures of rDNA intergenic spacer regions in Anopheles gambiae SO INSECT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE rDNA; recombination; sex determination; chromosomal form; Mopti; Savanna; IGS ID POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; MALARIA VECTOR; MOLECULAR-FORMS; GENETIC DIFFERENTIATION; WESTERN KENYA; IDENTIFICATION; DNA; MOSQUITOS; COMPLEX; CULICIDAE AB We observed Anopheles gambiae sensu stricto stocks that contained both Mopti (M) and Savanna (S) rDNA intergenic spacers (IGS). ASEMBO1 male IGS sequences consistently had a mixture. A diagnostic M and S Hha I restriction enzyme site in these fragments was concordant with two SNPs associated with M and S. Standard M and S stocks demonstrated X-chromosome-only inheritance of the rDNA form, but the ASEMBO1 males showed X and Y chromosome linkage of mixed rDNA. The metaphase Y chromosomes of ASEMBO1 contained a significantly larger amount of DNA relative to the X than a standard S stock. Analysis of wild A. gambiae males from the putative location of origin of the ASEMBO1 stock did not detect the same pattern of polymorphism observed in the laboratory stock but did detect heterogeneous arrays including some missing a diagnostic Hha I restriction site. These results demonstrate that M and S IGS types can occur within the rDNA arrays of a chromatid in laboratory A. gambiae stocks, and some A. gambiae s.s. have rDNA on the Y chromosome. C1 [Benedict, M. Q.] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Wilkins, E. E.; Howell, P. I.] Atlanta Res & Educ Fdn, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Benedict, MQ (reprint author), CDC, 4770 Buford Hwy,MS F-42, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM MBenedict@cdc.gov FU NIAID NIH HHS [N01-AI-85355] NR 33 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0962-1075 J9 INSECT MOL BIOL JI Insect Mol. Biol. PD DEC PY 2007 VL 16 IS 6 BP 735 EP 741 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Entomology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Entomology GA 242QC UT WOS:000251739500008 PM 18093002 ER PT J AU Lumey, LH Stein, AD Kahn, HS van der Pal-de Bruin, KM Blauw, GJ Zybert, PA Susser, ES AF Lumey, L. H. Stein, Aryeh D. Kahn, Henry S. van der Pal-de Bruin, Karin M. Blauw, G. J. Zybert, Patricia A. Susser, Ezra S. TI Cohort Profile: The Dutch Hunger Winter Families study SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID FAMINE BIRTH COHORT; PARTICIPANTS AGED 24-81; PRENATAL EXPOSURE; BLOOD-PRESSURE; NORMATIVE DATA; NETHERLANDS COHORT; PERSONALITY-DISORDER; REPRODUCTIVE PROCESS; ENERGY RESTRICTION; MATERNAL NUTRITION C1 [Lumey, L. H.; Susser, Ezra S.] Columbia Univ, Dept Epidemiol, Mailman Sch Publ Hlth, New York, NY 10032 USA. [Stein, Aryeh D.] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Kahn, Henry S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Diabet Translat, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [van der Pal-de Bruin, Karin M.] TNO Qual Life, Leiden, Netherlands. [Blauw, G. J.] Leiden Univ, Med Ctr, NL-2300 RA Leiden, Netherlands. [Zybert, Patricia A.] Columbia Univ Teachers Coll, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Susser, Ezra S.] New York State Psychiat Inst & Hosp, New York, NY 10032 USA. RP Lumey, LH (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Dept Epidemiol, Mailman Sch Publ Hlth, 722 W 168th St, New York, NY 10032 USA. EM lumey@columbia.edu OI Stein, Aryeh/0000-0003-1138-6458; Kahn, Henry/0000-0003-2533-1562 FU NHLBI NIH HHS [R01HL067914] NR 58 TC 119 Z9 122 U1 0 U2 24 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0300-5771 J9 INT J EPIDEMIOL JI Int. J. Epidemiol. PD DEC PY 2007 VL 36 IS 6 BP 1196 EP 1204 DI 10.1093/ije/drn126 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 249RM UT WOS:000252247400008 PM 17591638 ER PT J AU Link, MW Town, M Mokdad, AH AF Link, Michael W. Town, Machell Mokdad, Ali H. TI Telephone number portability and the prevalence of cell phone numbers in random digit-dialed telephone survey samples SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PUBLIC OPINION RESEARCH LA English DT Article C1 Nielsen Media Res, Atlanta, GA USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Behav Surveillance Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Link, MW (reprint author), Nielsen Media Res, 1145 Sancturay Pkwy,Suite 100, Alpharetta, GA 30004 USA. EM Michael.Link@Nielsen.com NR 6 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0954-2892 J9 INT J PUBLIC OPIN R JI Int. J. Public Opin. Res. PD WIN PY 2007 VL 19 IS 4 BP 504 EP 511 DI 10.1093/ijpor/edm023 PG 8 WC Communication SC Communication GA 234XU UT WOS:000251198700008 ER PT J AU Ross, MW Berman, SM Aral, SO Courtney, PE Dennison, JM Klovdahl, AS Williams, ML Lawrence, JS AF Ross, Michael W. Berman, S. M. Aral, S. O. Courtney, P. E. Dennison, J. M. Klovdahl, A. S. Williams, M. L. Lawrence, J. S. TI Process, efficacy and sample demographics of three approaches to behavioural surveillance for gonorrhoea: case interviews, place surveys, and network studies SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF STD & AIDS LA English DT Article DE gonorrhoea; surveillance; networks; case; place; African-American ID PREVALENCE; COMMUNITY; STI AB We investigated the process and time required to collect 450 interviews in a project to determine the most efficacious behavioural surveillance approaches to detect changes in gonorrhoea prevalence. In total, 150 respondents were recruited in each method. For each of place surveys (bars), gonorrhoea case interviews, and network studies based on seeds from the case and place interviews, we determined the recruitment rate and process. Urine testing for gonorrhoea. and chlamydia took place in the place interviews. We present data from Houston, Texas that illustrate the sample characteristics, recruitment rates, and, where appropriate, infection rates. Data indicate that there was high uptake and a rapid recruitment rate from the place surveys, an intermediate rate from the network studies, and that the gonorrhoea. case interviews were the most inefficient accrual method for behavioural surveillance. Sample characteristics and biases in each method are described, and conclusions drawn for the relative efficacy of each method for gonorrhoea behavioural surveillance. C1 [Ross, Michael W.; Courtney, P. E.; Dennison, J. M.; Williams, M. L.] Univ Texas Houston, Sch Publ Hlth, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Res, Houston, TX 77225 USA. [Berman, S. M.; Aral, S. O.; Lawrence, J. S.] Ctr Dis Control, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Klovdahl, A. S.] Australian Natl Univ, Dept Sociol, Canberra, ACT, Australia. RP Ross, MW (reprint author), Univ Texas Houston, Sch Publ Hlth, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Res, Post Box 20036, Houston, TX 77225 USA. EM Michael.W.Ross@uth.tmc.edu NR 13 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU ROYAL SOC MEDICINE PRESS LTD PI LONDON PA 1 WIMPOLE STREET, LONDON W1G 0AE, ENGLAND SN 0956-4624 J9 INT J STD AIDS JI Int. J. STD AIDS PD DEC PY 2007 VL 18 IS 12 BP 846 EP 850 DI 10.1258/095646207782716947 PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 249KU UT WOS:000252227800012 PM 18073020 ER PT J AU Burman, W Weis, S Vernon, A Khan, A Benator, D Jones, B Silva, C King, B LaHart, C Mangura, B Weiner, M El-Sadr, W AF Burman, W. Weis, S. Vernon, A. Khan, A. Benator, D. Jones, B. Silva, C. King, B. LaHart, C. Mangura, B. Weiner, M. El-Sadr, W. TI Frequency, severity and duration of immune reconstitution events in HIV-related tuberculosis SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TUBERCULOSIS AND LUNG DISEASE LA English DT Article DE tuberculosis; HIV; antiretroviral therapy; immune reconstitution ID ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; INFLAMMATORY SYNDROME; INFECTED PATIENTS; RISK-FACTORS; MYCOBACTERIAL INFECTIONS; HIV-1-INFECTED ADULTS; PARADOXICAL REACTIONS; INITIATION; HAART; ERA AB SETTING: Patients were enrolled in a prospective trial of rifabutin-based tuberculosis (TB) treatment for human immunodeficiency virus related TB. Antiretroviral therapy (ART) was encouraged, but not required. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the frequency, risk factors and duration of immune reconstitution events. DESIGN: Patients were prospectively evaluated for immune reconstitution events, and all adverse event reports were reviewed to identify possible unrecognized events. RESULTS: Of 169 patients, 25 (15%) developed immune, reconstitution events related to TB. All 25 were among the 137 patients who received ART during TB treatment, so the frequency in this subgroup was 18% (25/137). Risk factors for an immune reconstitution event in multivariate analysis were Black race, the presence of extra-pulmonary TB and a shorter interval from initiation of TB treatment to initiation of ART. The most common clinical manifestations were fever (64%), new or worsening adenopathy (52%) and worsening pulmonary infiltrates (40%). Twelve patients (48%) were hospitalized for a median of 7 days, six underwent surgery and 11 had needle aspiration. The median duration of events was 60 days (range 11-442). CONCLUSION: Immune reconstitution events we're common among patients receiving ART during TB treatment, produced substantial morbidity and had a median duration of 2 months. C1 [Burman, W.; Mangura, B.] Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Denver, CO USA. [Weis, S.; King, B.; Weiner, M.] Univ N Texas Hlth Sci Ctr, Tarrant Cty Hlth Dept, Ft Worth, TX USA. [Vernon, A.; Khan, A.; El-Sadr, W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Benator, D.] George Washington Univ, Med Ctr, Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Washington, DC USA. [Jones, B.; Silva, C.] Univ So Calif, Med Ctr, Los Angeles, CA USA. [LaHart, C.] Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. [Mangura, B.] Univ Med & Dent New Jersey, Sch Med, Natl Tuberculosis Ctr, Newark, NJ 07103 USA. [Weiner, M.] S Texas Vet Hlth Care Syst, San Antonio, TX USA. [El-Sadr, W.] Columbia Univ, Coll Phys & Surg, Harlem Hosp Ctr, New York, NY USA. RP Burman, W (reprint author), 605 Bannock St, Denver, CO 80204 USA. EM bburman@dhha.org NR 32 TC 81 Z9 83 U1 0 U2 1 PU INT UNION AGAINST TUBERCULOSIS LUNG DISEASE (I U A T L D) PI PARIS PA 68 BOULEVARD SAINT-MICHEL,, 75006 PARIS, FRANCE SN 1027-3719 J9 INT J TUBERC LUNG D JI Int. J. Tuberc. Lung Dis. PD DEC PY 2007 VL 11 IS 12 BP 1282 EP 1289 PG 8 WC Infectious Diseases; Respiratory System SC Infectious Diseases; Respiratory System GA 240YH UT WOS:000251623600004 PM 18229435 ER PT J AU Bansil, P Jamieson, DJ Posner, SF Johnson, CH Kourtis, AP AF Bansil, Pooja Jamieson, Denise J. Posner, Samuel F. Johnson, Christopher H. Kourtis, Athena P. TI Trends in pregnancy-related and delivery hospitalizations among HIV-infected adolescents, 1994 to 2004 SO JAIDS-JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES LA English DT Letter ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; RATES C1 CONRAD, Arlington, VA USA. Ctr Dis Control Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Natl Ctr Chronic Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. E Virginia Med Sch, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Norfolk, VA USA. RP Bansil, P (reprint author), CONRAD, Arlington, VA USA. NR 11 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1525-4135 J9 JAIDS-J ACQ IMM DEF JI JAIDS PD DEC 1 PY 2007 VL 46 IS 4 BP 514 EP 515 PG 2 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 231ZH UT WOS:000250987200024 PM 17993863 ER PT J AU David-Ferdon, C Hertz, MF AF David-Ferdon, Corinne Hertz, Marci Feldman TI Electronic media, violence, and adolescents: An emerging public health problem SO JOURNAL OF ADOLESCENT HEALTH LA English DT Editorial Material DE electronic media; bullying; internet harassment; violence; adolescents ID BEHAVIORS; PROGRAM AB Adolescents' access to and use of new media technology (e.g., cell phone, personal data assistant, computer for Internet access) are on the rise, and this explosion of technology brings with it potential benefits and risks. Attention is growing about the risk of adolescents to become victims of aggression perpetrated by peers with new technology. In September 2006, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention convened a panel of experts in technology and youth aggression to examine this specific risk. This special issue of the Journal of Adolescent Health presents the data and recommendations for future directions discussed at the meeting. The articles in the Journal support the argument that electronic aggression is an emerging public health problem in need of additional prevalence and etiological research to support the development and evaluation of effective prevention programs. (c) 2007 Society for Adolescent Medicine. All rights reserved. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Violence Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adolescent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Sch Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP David-Ferdon, C (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Violence Prevent, 4770 Buford Hwy,NE MS K-60, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM CFerdon@cdc.gov NR 27 TC 75 Z9 77 U1 3 U2 29 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1054-139X J9 J ADOLESCENT HEALTH JI J. Adolesc. Health PD DEC PY 2007 VL 41 IS 6 SU S BP S1 EP S5 DI 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2007.08.020 PG 5 WC Psychology, Developmental; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pediatrics SC Psychology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pediatrics GA 239FX UT WOS:000251505300001 PM 18047940 ER PT J AU Silva, MJ Samandar, E Preau, JL Reidy, JA Needham, LL Calafat, AM AF Silva, Manori J. Samandar, Ella Preau, James L., Jr. Reidy, John A. Needham, Larry L. Calafat, Antonia M. TI Quantification of 22 phthalate metabolites in human urine SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY B-ANALYTICAL TECHNOLOGIES IN THE BIOMEDICAL AND LIFE SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE reverse HPLC gradient; phthalate metabolites; phthalates; biomonitoring; exposure assessment; diisodecyl phthalate; diisononyl phthalate; phthalate analysis ID OXIDATIVE METABOLITES; HUMAN EXPOSURE; DI(2-ETHYLHEXYL) PHTHALATE; QUANTITATIVE DETECTION; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; MALE-RATS; BIOMARKERS; MONOESTER; PERFORMANCE; ESTERS AB Phthalates are ubiquitous industrial chemicals with high potential for human exposure. Validated analytical methods to measure trace concentrations of phthalate metabolites in humans are essential for assessing exposure to phthalates. Previously, we developed a sensitive and accurate automated analytical method for measuring up to 16 phthalate metabolites in human urine by using on-line solid phase extraction coupled with isotope dilution-high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)-electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry. To include the measurement of seven additional analytes, including oxidative metabolites of diisononyl and diisodecyl phthalates, two chemicals used extensively in numerous consumer products. we used a novel nontraditional HPLC solvent gradient program. With this approach, we achieved adequate resolution and sensitivity for all 22 analytes with limits of detection in the low ng/mL range, without increasing the analytical run time. The method also has high accuracy with automatic recovery correction, high precision, and excellent sample throughput with minimal matrix effects. Although it is possible to measure these 22 phthalate metabolites with adequate precision and accuracy at sub-parts-per-bill ion levels, additional information, including toxicokinetic data. is needed to demonstrate the usefulness of these phthalate metabolites for exposure assessment purposes. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Silva, Manori J.; Samandar, Ella; Preau, James L., Jr.; Reidy, John A.; Needham, Larry L.; Calafat, Antonia M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Div Sci Lab, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Silva, MJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 4770 Buford Hwy Mailstop F53, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM zca2@cdc.gov RI Needham, Larry/E-4930-2011 NR 27 TC 143 Z9 148 U1 12 U2 58 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1570-0232 J9 J CHROMATOGR B JI J. Chromatogr. B PD DEC 1 PY 2007 VL 860 IS 1 BP 106 EP 112 DI 10.1016/j.jchromb.2007.10.023 PG 7 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 244FT UT WOS:000251852500015 PM 17997365 ER PT J AU Lazzarini, LCO Huard, RC Boechat, NL Gomes, HM Oelemann, MC Kurepina, N Shashkina, E Mello, FCQ Gibson, AL Virginio, MJ Marsico, AG Butler, WR Kreiswirth, BN Suffys, PN Silva, JRLE Ho, JL AF Oliveira Lazzarini, Luiz Claudio Huard, Richard C. Boechat, Neio L. Gomes, Harrison M. Oelemann, Maranibia C. Kurepina, Natalia Shashkina, Elena Mello, Fernanda C. Q. Gibson, Andrea L. Virginio, Milena J. Marsico, Ana Grazia Butler, W. Ray Kreiswirth, Barry N. Suffys, Philip N. Lapa e Silva, Jose Roberto Ho, John L. TI Discovery of a novel Mycobacterium tuberculosis lineage that is a major cause of tuberculosis in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID INTERSPERSED REPETITIVE UNITS; BEIJING FAMILY STRAINS; EVOLUTIONARY HISTORY; GLOBAL DISSEMINATION; GENOMIC DELETIONS; TUBERCLE-BACILLI; IMMUNE-RESPONSE; DRUG-RESISTANT; COMPLEX; EPIDEMIOLOGY AB The current study evaluated Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, for genomic deletions. One locus in our panel of PCR targets failed to amplify in similar to 30% of strains. A single novel long sequence polymorphisin (>26.3 kb) was characterized and designated RDRio. Homologous recombination between two similar protein-coding genes is proposed as the mechanism for deleting or modifying 10 genes, including two potentially immunogenic PPE proteins. The flanking regions of the RDRio locus were identical in all strains bearing the deletion. Genetic testing by principal genetic group, spoligotyping, variable-number tandem repeats of mycobacterial interspersed repetitive units (MIRU-VNTR), and IS6110-based restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis cumulatively support the idea that RDRio strains are derived from a common ancestor belonging solely to the Latin American-Mediterranean spoligotype family. The RDRio lineage is therefore the predominant clade causing tuberculosis (TB) in Rio de Janeiro and, as indicated by genotypic clustering in MIRU-VNTR analysis, the most significant source of recent transmission. Limited retrospective reviews of bacteriological and patient records showed a lack of association with multi-drug resistance or specific risk factors for TB. However, trends in the data did suggest that RDRio strains may cause a form of TB with a distinct clinical presentation. Overall, the high prevalence of this genotype may be related to enhanced virulence, transmissibility, and/or specific adaptation to a Euro-Latin American host population. The identification of RDRio strains outside of Brazil points to the ongoing intercontinental dissemination of this important genotype. Further studies are needed to determine the differential strain-specific features, pathobiology, and worldwide prevalence of RDRio M. tuberculosis. C1 [Oliveira Lazzarini, Luiz Claudio; Huard, Richard C.; Gibson, Andrea L.; Lapa e Silva, Jose Roberto; Ho, John L.] Cornell Univ, Joan & Sanford I Weill Med Coll, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis & Internal Med, New York, NY 10021 USA. [Oliveira Lazzarini, Luiz Claudio; Boechat, Neio L.; Mello, Fernanda C. Q.; Marsico, Ana Grazia; Lapa e Silva, Jose Roberto] Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, Inst Thorac Dis, BR-21941590 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. [Gomes, Harrison M.; Oelemann, Maranibia C.; Virginio, Milena J.; Suffys, Philip N.] Inst Oswaldo Cruz, Lab Mol Biol Appl Mycobacteria, BR-21040900 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. [Kurepina, Natalia; Shashkina, Elena; Kreiswirth, Barry N.] Publ Hlth Res Inst, Newark, NJ 07103 USA. [Butler, W. Ray] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Ho, JL (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Joan & Sanford I Weill Med Coll, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis & Internal Med, Room A-421,525 E 68th St, New York, NY 10021 USA. EM jlho@med.cornell.edu RI suffys, philip/E-3009-2013; Mello, Fernanda /I-2957-2013 FU FIC NIH HHS [D43 TW000018, U2R TW006885, D43 TW00018]; NHLBI NIH HHS [R01 HL61960]; NIAID NIH HHS [R01 AI39606, R21 AI063147] NR 66 TC 49 Z9 50 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD DEC PY 2007 VL 45 IS 12 BP 3891 EP 3902 DI 10.1128/JCM.01394-07 PG 12 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 241AT UT WOS:000251630000005 PM 17898156 ER PT J AU Swenson, JM Brasso, WB Ferraro, MJ Hardy, DJ Knapp, CC McDougal, LK Reller, LB Sader, HS Shortridge, D Skov, R Weinstein, MP Zimmer, BL Patel, JB AF Swenson, Jana M. Brasso, William B. Ferraro, Mary Jane Hardy, Dwight J. Knapp, Cynthia C. McDougal, Linda K. Reller, L. Barth Sader, Helio S. Shortridge, Dee Skov, Robert Weinstein, Melvin P. Zimmer, Barbara L. Patel, Jean B. TI Detection of inducible clindamycin resistance in staphylococci by broth microdilution using erythromycin-clindamycin combination wells SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID INDUCTION AB A study conducted by 11 laboratories investigated the ability of four combinations of erythromycin (ERY) and clindamycin (CC) (ERY and CC at 4 and 0.5, 6 and 1, 8 and 1.5, and 0.5 and 2 mu g/ml) in a single well of a broth microdilution panel to predict the presence of inducible CC resistance. Each laboratory tested approximately 30 Staphylococcus aureus isolates and 20 coagulase-negative staphylococcus (CoNS) isolates in a panel using cation-adjusted Mueller-Hinton broth from three different manufacturers. Only the strains resistant to ERY and those susceptible or intermediate to CC were included in the analysis (S. aureus, n = 333; CoNS, n = 97). Results of the D-zone test were used as the gold standard. After an 18-h incubation, the combination of 4 mu g/ml ERY and 0.5 mu g/ml CC performed the best, with 98 to 100% sensitivity and 100% specificity for both organism groups. After a 24-h incubation, the ERY-CC combinations of 4 and 0.5, 6 and 1, and 8 and 1.5 mu g/ml correlated well with the D-zone test. C1 [Swenson, Jana M.; McDougal, Linda K.; Patel, Jean B.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Antimicrobial Resistance Team, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Brasso, William B.] BD Diagnost Syst, Sparks, MD 21152 USA. [Ferraro, Mary Jane] Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Boston, MA 02114 USA. [Hardy, Dwight J.] Univ Rochester, Med Ctr Hosp, Rochester, NY 14642 USA. [Knapp, Cynthia C.] Trek Diagnost Syst, Cleveland, OH 44131 USA. [Reller, L. Barth] Duke Univ Hosp, Durham, NC 27710 USA. [Sader, Helio S.] JMI Labs, Iowa City, IA 52317 USA. [Shortridge, Dee] BioMerieux Inc, Hazelwood, MO 63042 USA. [Skov, Robert] Statens Serum Inst, DK-2300 Copenhagen, Denmark. [Weinstein, Melvin P.] Univ Med & Dent New Jersey, Robert Wood Johnson Med Sch, New Brunswick, NJ 08903 USA. [Zimmer, Barbara L.] Dade Behring MicroScan Inc, West Sacramento, CA 95691 USA. RP Swenson, JM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Antimicrobial Resistance Team, Mailstop G08,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM jms1@cdc.gov NR 8 TC 7 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD DEC PY 2007 VL 45 IS 12 BP 3954 EP 3957 DI 10.1128/JCM.01501-07 PG 4 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 241AT UT WOS:000251630000014 PM 17942655 ER PT J AU Wheeler, M Fadel, W Robertson, J Bailer, AJ AF Wheeler, Matthew Fadel, William Robertson, Jacqueline Bailer, A. John TI Confidence interval construction for relative toxicity endpoints such as LD50 or LD90 ratios SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE probit regression; delta method; coverage probabilities AB A common measure of the relative toxicity is the ratio of median lethal doses for responses estimated in two bioassays. Robertson and Preisler previously proposed a method for constructing a confidence interval for the ratio. The applicability of this technique in common experimental situations, especially those involving small samples, may be questionable because the sampling distribution of this ratio estimator may be highly skewed. To examine this possibility, we did a computer simulation experiment to evaluate the coverage properties of the Robertson and Preisler method. The simulation showed that the method provided confidence intervals that performed at the nominal confidence level for the range of responses often observed in pesticide bioassays. Results of this study provide empirical support for the continued use this technique. C1 [Wheeler, Matthew; Fadel, William; Bailer, A. John] NIOSH, Risk Evaluat Branch, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. [Fadel, William; Bailer, A. John] Miami Univ, Dept Math & Stat, Oxford, OH 45056 USA. [Robertson, Jacqueline] Arthropod Identificat Serv, Petaluma, CA 94952 USA. [Robertson, Jacqueline] LeOra Software, Petaluma, CA 94952 USA. RP Wheeler, M (reprint author), NIOSH, Risk Evaluat Branch, 4676 Columbia Pkwy, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM mwheeler@cdc.gov NR 8 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 2 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0022-0493 J9 J ECON ENTOMOL JI J. Econ. Entomol. PD DEC PY 2007 VL 100 IS 6 BP 1945 EP 1949 DI 10.1603/0022-0493(2007)100[1945:CICFRT]2.0.CO;2 PG 5 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 242BV UT WOS:000251700400028 PM 18232415 ER PT J AU Breese, PE Burman, WJ Goldberg, S Weis, SE AF Breese, Peter E. Burman, William J. Goldberg, Stefan Weis, Stephen E. TI Education level, primary language, and comprehension of the informed consent process SO JOURNAL OF EMPIRICAL RESEARCH ON HUMAN RESEARCH ETHICS LA English DT Article DE health literacy; informed consent; comprehension; public health department ID FUNCTIONAL HEALTH LITERACY; CANCER CLINICAL-TRIALS; RESEARCH PARTICIPANTS; ONCOLOGY; FORMS; INFORMATION; READABILITY; PROTOCOLS; STANDARD; IMPROVES AB TO OBTAIN INFORMATION ON HOW PERSONS from diverse backgrounds experience the informed consent process, we surveyed adults with a wide variety of educational levels and different primary languages (English, Spanish, or Vietnamese) who had recently enrolled in a study requiring written informed consent. Of the 100 participants, 62 were non- White, 43 had less than a high school education, and 60 had a primary language other than English. The median score for comprehension was 62% (IQR 50 - 76%); the median satisfaction score was 86% (IQR 71 - 100%). In multivariate analysis, only educational level was significantly associated with comprehension and satisfaction with the informed consent process (p < 0.001). Comprehension and satisfaction with the informed consent process were markedly lower among persons with lower educational levels. C1 [Burman, William J.] Denver Publ Hlth, Infect Dis Clin, Denver, CO 80204 USA. [Goldberg, Stefan] CDC, Div TB Eliminat, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Burman, WJ (reprint author), Denver Publ Hlth, Infect Dis Clin, 605 Bannock St, Denver, CO 80204 USA. EM bburman@dhha.org NR 31 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 4 PU UNIV CALIFORNIA PRESS PI BERKELEY PA C/O JOURNALS DIVISION, 2000 CENTER ST, STE 303, BERKELEY, CA 94704-1223 USA SN 1556-2646 J9 J EMPIR RES HUM RES JI J. Empir. Res. Hum. Res. Ethics PD DEC PY 2007 VL 2 IS 4 BP 69 EP 79 DI 10.1525/JERHRE.2007.2.4.69 PG 11 WC Ethics; Medical Ethics SC Social Sciences - Other Topics; Medical Ethics GA 308JK UT WOS:000256385400007 PM 19385809 ER PT J AU Luber, G Hess, J AF Luber, George Hess, Jeremy TI Climate change and human health in the United States SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH LA English DT Editorial Material ID POTENTIAL IMPACTS; VARIABILITY C1 CDC, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Div Environm Hazards & Hlth Effects, Hlth Studies Branch, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Luber, G (reprint author), CDC, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Div Environm Hazards & Hlth Effects, Hlth Studies Branch, 4770 Buford Highway NE,MS F-46, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM gluber@cdc.gov NR 16 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU NATL ENVIRON HEALTH ASSOC PI DENVER PA 720 S COLORADO BLVD SUITE 970, SOUTH TOWER, DENVER, CO 80246 USA SN 0022-0892 J9 J ENVIRON HEALTH JI J. Environ. Health PD DEC PY 2007 VL 70 IS 5 BP 43 EP + PG 3 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 238GZ UT WOS:000251436800007 PM 18189039 ER PT J AU Ma, L Zhang, G Sobel, J Doyle, MP AF Ma, Li Zhang, Guodong Sobel, Jeremy Doyle, Michael P. TI Evaluation of the effect of acetylsalicylic acid on Clostridium botulinum growth and toxin production SO JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION LA English DT Article ID STAPHYLOCOCCUS-AUREUS; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; SALICYLATE; PSEUDOMONAS; VIRULENCE AB The Republic of Georgia (ROG) has the highest incidence of botulism among all countries in the world, with most cases attributed to home-preserved vegetables. Based on epidemiologic data, the occurrence of botulism in ROG is lower in areas where aspirin (active ingredient, acetylsalicylic acid [ASA]) is added to home-canned vegetables. The objective of this study was to evaluate, with a broth medium, the antibotulinal activity of ASA to determine the possible role of ASA in preventing botulinum toxin production in home-canned vegetables. Trypticase-peptone-glucose-yeast (TPGY) broth (pH 7.0) with 0, 0.3, and 0.6 mg of ASA per ml was inoculated with a 10-strain mixture of proteolytic Clostridium botulinum type A and B spores at ca. 10(3) spores per ml. The inoculated broths were incubated at 31 degrees C under anaerobic conditions, and C. botulinum growth and botulinum toxin production were determined for up to 36 h. Results showed ASA in broth delayed (time to initial detectable toxin produced and amount of toxin produced), but did not prevent, both growth and toxin production by C. botulinum. These results would not provide a definitive explanation for differences in toxin production in canned vegetables prepared with and without aspirin. C1 Univ Georgia, Ctr Food Safety, Griffin, GA 30223 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Doyle, MP (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Ctr Food Safety, Griffin, GA 30223 USA. EM mdoyle@uga.edu NR 16 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT ASSOC FOOD PROTECTION PI DES MOINES PA 6200 AURORA AVE SUITE 200W, DES MOINES, IA 50322-2863 USA SN 0362-028X J9 J FOOD PROTECT JI J. Food Prot. PD DEC PY 2007 VL 70 IS 12 BP 2860 EP 2863 PG 4 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Food Science & Technology GA 238XX UT WOS:000251482800024 PM 18095444 ER PT J AU Oberste, MS Maher, K Pallansch, MA AF Oberste, M. Steven Maher, Kaija Pallansch, Mark A. TI Complete genome sequences for nine simian enteroviruses SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID ENCODED PROTEASE 3C(PRO); STRAND RNA-SYNTHESIS; POLIOVIRUS RNA; MOLECULAR-IDENTIFICATION; UNTRANSLATED REGION; ENTERIC VIRUSES; CLEAVAGE SITE; IN-VITRO; REPLICATION; TRANSCRIPTION AB Analysis of the VP1 capsid-coding sequences of the simian picornaviruses has suggested that baboon enterovirus (BaEV), SV19, SV43 and SV46 belong to the species Human enterovirus A (HEV-A) and SA5 belongs to HEV-B, whereas SV4/A2 plaque virus (two isolates of a single serotype), SV6 and N125/N203 (two isolates of a single serotype) appear to represent new species in the genus. We have further characterized by complete genomic: sequencing the genetic relationships among the simian enteroviruses serotypes (BaEV, N125/N203, SA5, SV4/A2 plaque virus, SV6, SV19, SV43 and SV46) and to other enteroviruses. Phylogenetic and pairwise sequence relationships for the P1 region paralleled those of VP1 alone, and confirmed that SV4/A-2 plaque virus, SV6 and N125/N203 represent unique genetic clusters that probably correspond to three new species. However, sequence relationships in the P2 and P3 regions were quite different. In 2C, SV19, SV43 and SV46 remain clustered with the human viruses of HEV-A, but BaEV, SV6 and N1 25/N203 cluster together; in 3CD, SA5 (HEV-B) also joined this cluster. The 3'-non-translated region (NTR) sequences are highly conserved within each of the four human enterovirus species, but the 3'-NTRs of the simian enteroviruses are distinct from those of all human enteroviruses and generally distinct from one another. These results suggest that host species may have a significant influence on the evolution of enterovirus non-capsid sequences. C1 [Oberste, M. Steven; Maher, Kaija; Pallansch, Mark A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunol & Resp Med, Div Viral Dis, Polio & Picornavir Lab Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Oberste, MS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunol & Resp Med, Div Viral Dis, Polio & Picornavir Lab Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM soberste@cdc.gov NR 54 TC 26 Z9 27 U1 1 U2 3 PU SOC GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY PI READING PA MARLBOROUGH HOUSE, BASINGSTOKE RD, SPENCERS WOODS, READING RG7 1AG, BERKS, ENGLAND SN 0022-1317 J9 J GEN VIROL JI J. Gen. Virol. PD DEC PY 2007 VL 88 BP 3360 EP 3372 DI 10.1099/vir.0.83124-0 PN 12 PG 13 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology GA 240WS UT WOS:000251619500019 PM 18024906 ER PT J AU Lindsey, LLM Hamner, HC Prue, CE Flores, AL Valencia, D Correa-Sierra, E Kopfman, JE AF Lindsey, Lisa L. Massi Hamner, Heather C. Prue, Christine E. Flores, Alina L. Valencia, Diana Correa-Sierra, Elia Kopfman, Jenifer E. TI Understanding optimal nutrition among women of childbearing age in the United States and Puerto Rico: Employing formative research to lay the foundation for National Birth Defects Prevention Campaigns SO JOURNAL OF HEALTH COMMUNICATION LA English DT Article ID SUPPLEMENT USE; BEHAVIOR; PREDICTION; INTENTIONS; MODEL AB Neural tube defects (NTDs) are serious birth defects of the brain and spine that affect approximately 3, 000 pregnancies in the United States each year and affected 404 pregnancies in Puerto Rico from 1996 to 2002. Consuming the B vitamin folic acid can reduce the incidence of NTDs 50%-70%, and recent efforts to reduce NTD rates have focused on increasing the number of childbearing-aged women who take a vitamin containing folic acid every day. As the first stage of formative research in campaign planning, two exploratory, qualitative studies were conducted in order to (a) understand the complexity of vitamin use among women in the United States and Puerto Rico and (b) serve as a foundation on which to develop national communication and education interventions. Also, this information shed light on theories that might be used to guide campaign development. Results indicated that campaign messages designed to increase folic acid use through multivitamin supplementation in the United States must address women's barriers to vitamin use (e.g., cost, time), increase women's perceived need for multivitamins (e.g., identify immediate, tangible results from taking a daily multivitamin), and address the relationship between daily food choices and the need for supplementation. Future campaign messages in Puerto Rico must focus on many of these same issues, in addition to increasing women's knowledge about when folic acid should be taken in relation to pregnancy and addressing women's perceptions that vitamins cause weight gain (an undesirable outcome for most participants). The practical and theoretical implications of these results are discussed in terms of their contribution to the development of a creative new approach to increase multivitamin consumption among women of childbearing age in the United States and Puerto Rico. C1 [Lindsey, Lisa L. Massi] Michigan State Univ, Coll Commun Arts & Sci, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Hamner, Heather C.; Prue, Christine E.; Flores, Alina L.] Natl Birth Defects Ctr & Dev Disabil, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Prevent Res Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Valencia, Diana; Correa-Sierra, Elia] Puerto Rico Dept Hlth, San Juan, PR USA. [Kopfman, Jenifer E.] Coll Charleston, Dept Commun, Charleston, SC 29401 USA. RP Lindsey, LLM (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Coll Commun Arts & Sci, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. EM Lindsey@msu.edu NR 33 TC 8 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 6 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1081-0730 J9 J HEALTH COMMUN JI J. Health Commun. PD DEC PY 2007 VL 12 IS 8 BP 733 EP 757 DI 10.1080/10810730701672272 PG 25 WC Communication; Information Science & Library Science SC Communication; Information Science & Library Science GA 242QL UT WOS:000251740400004 PM 18030639 ER PT J AU Snelling, WJ Xiao, LH Ortega-Pierres, G Lowery, CJ Moore, JE Rao, JR Smyth, S Millar, BC Rooney, PJ Matsuda, M Kenny, F Xu, JR Dooley, JSG AF Snelling, William J. Xiao, Lihua Ortega-Pierres, Guadalupe Lowery, Colm J. Moore, John E. Rao, Juluri R. Smyth, Stephen Millar, B. Cherie Rooney, Paul J. Matsuda, Motoo Kenny, Fiona Xu, Jiru Dooley, James S. G. TI Cryptosporidiosis in developing countries SO JOURNAL OF INFECTION IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES LA English DT Review DE Cryptosporidium; waterborne; zoonotic; developing countries AB Globally, Cryptosporidium infection continues to be a significant health problem where it is recognized as an important cause of diarrhoea in both immunocompromised and immunocompetent people. In developing countries persistent diarrhoea is the leading cause of death in children younger than five years of age, where it accounts for 30 to 50 percent of those deaths. Encouragingly an increasing number of investigations in developing countries employ molecular tools, significantly improving the quality of epidemiological information. This improved Cryptosporidium monitoring, with appropriate molecular methods, in surface water, livestock, wildlife and humans, will increase current knowledge of infection and transmission patterns, and ultimately help to control Cryptosporidium via improved risk assessments in the future. C1 [Snelling, William J.; Lowery, Colm J.; Dooley, James S. G.] Univ Ulster, Sch Biomed Sci, Ctr Mol Biosci, Coleraine BT52 1SA, Londonderry, North Ireland. [Xiao, Lihua] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Chamblee, GA 30341 USA. [Ortega-Pierres, Guadalupe] Ctr Invest & Estudios Avanzados IPN CINVESTAV, Dept Genet & Biol Mol, Mexico City 07360, DF, Mexico. [Moore, John E.; Millar, B. Cherie; Rooney, Paul J.] Belfast City Hosp, Dept Bacteriol, No Ireland Publ Hlth Lab, Belfast BT9 7AD, Antrim, North Ireland. [Smyth, Stephen] Water Serv, Dept Environm, Belfast BT14 6TE, Antrim, North Ireland. [Matsuda, Motoo] Azabu Univ, Sch Environm Hlth Sci, Mol Biol Lab, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 2298501, Japan. [Kenny, Fiona] Sligo Gen Hosp, Sligo Publ Hlth Lab, Sligo, Ireland. [Xu, Jiru] Xian Jiatong Univ, Dept Pathogen Biol, Xian, Shaanxi Provinc, Peoples R China. RP Snelling, WJ (reprint author), Univ Ulster, Sch Biomed Sci, Ctr Mol Biosci, Coleraine BT52 1SA, Londonderry, North Ireland. EM b.snelling@ulster.ac.uk RI Xiao, Lihua/B-1704-2013; OI Xiao, Lihua/0000-0001-8532-2727; Dooley, James/0000-0002-9459-5572 FU Northern Ireland Centre of Excellence in Functional Genomics; European Union (EU); Safefood, The Food Safety Promotion Board, through a Laboratory Links Network; Northern Ireland Public Health Laboratory, Sligo Public Health Laboratory, University of Ulster (Coleraine); Centers for Disease Control & Prevention (CDC)(USA) FX W.J.S. was supported by The Northern Ireland Centre of Excellence in Functional Genomics, with funding from the European Union (EU) Program for Peace and Reconciliation, under the Technology Support for the Knowledge-Based Economy.; This study was partly funded by Safefood, The Food Safety Promotion Board, through a Laboratory Links Network Project grant, with Northern Ireland Public Health Laboratory, Sligo Public Health Laboratory, University of Ulster (Coleraine) and the Centers for Disease Control & Prevention (CDC)(USA). NR 92 TC 36 Z9 38 U1 1 U2 16 PU J INFECTION DEVELOPING COUNTRIES PI TRAMANIGLIO PA JIDC CENT OFF PORTO CONTE RICERCHE RES CTR, S P 55, PORTO CONTE CAPO CACCIA KM 8.400 LOC, TRAMANIGLIO, 07041, ITALY SN 1972-2680 J9 J INFECT DEV COUNTR JI J. Infect. Dev. Ctries. PD DEC PY 2007 VL 1 IS 3 BP 242 EP 256 PG 15 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA V22BC UT WOS:000208249700002 PM 19734601 ER PT J AU Schneider, JA Alam, SA Ackers, M Parekh, B Chen, HY Graham, P Gurwith, M Mayer, K Novak, RM AF Schneider, John A. Alam, Shaheen A. Ackers, Marta Parekh, Bharat Chen, Hua Yun Graham, Parrie Gurwith, Marc Mayer, Kenneth Novak, Richard M. TI Mucosal HIV-binding antibody and neutralizing activity in high-risk HIV-uninfected female participants in a trial of HIV-vaccine efficacy SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 16th International AIDS Conference CY AUG 13-18, 2006 CL Toronto, CANADA ID IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS TYPE-1; RECOMBINANT GLYCOPROTEIN-120 VACCINE; GENITAL-TRACT SECRETIONS; T-CELL RESPONSES; IMMUNE-RESPONSES; INTRANASAL IMMUNIZATION; HORMONAL CONTRACEPTION; INTRAVAGINAL CHALLENGE; VAGINAL IMMUNIZATION; EPITHELIAL-CELLS AB Background. This study investigated gp120-binding antibody and neutralizing activity, at the gingival-and cervical-mucosal levels, in response to a bivalent gp120 candidate vaccine. Methods. Women who met the study's inclusion criteria for documented high-risk behaviors participated in a nested substudy of the multicenter phase 3 trial of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-vaccine efficacy, VAX004. Gingival, cervicovaginal lavage, and plasma specimens were collected at 6-month intervals for 3 years. Binding-antibody and neutralizing-activity assays quantified the presence of anti-HIV activity in mucosal specimens. Results. Vaccine recipients were more likely than placebo recipients to have IgG binding antibodies in all 3 compartments tested and to have only IgA binding antibody in plasma (P < .0001). The relationship between vaccine and cervicovaginal IgG achieved significance (odds ratio [OR], 6.6 [P = .01]) but was weakened by the presence of cervicovaginal leukocytes. There was no relationship between immunization and the presence of neutralizing activity, in either bivariate or multivariate modeling (OR, 6.0 [P = .29]). Conclusions. Vaccination is associated with the presence of both gp120-binding IgG in all compartments and plasma IgA but not with neutralizing activity. There is a role for the measurement of mucosal immunity in response to candidate vaccines and, in particular, for a determination of HIV-specific neutralizing antibodies. C1 Tufts Univ New England Med Ctr, Dept Med, Boston, MA USA. Univ Illinois, Dept Med, Chicago, IL 60680 USA. Univ Illinois, Sch Publ Hlth, Chicago, IL 60680 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. VaxGen, Brisbane, CA, Australia. Brown Univ, Dept Med, Providence, RI USA. RP Novak, RM (reprint author), Univ Illinois, 808 S Wood St MC 735, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. EM rmnovak@uic.edu FU NIAID NIH HHS [T32-AI007438] NR 50 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD DEC 1 PY 2007 VL 196 IS 11 BP 1637 EP 1644 DI 10.1086/522232 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 231RE UT WOS:000250965900010 PM 18008247 ER PT J AU Ortiz, JR Katz, MA Mahmoud, MN Ahmed, S Bawa, SI Farnon, EC Sarki, MB Nasidi, A Ado, MS Yahaya, AH Joannis, TM Akpan, RS Vertefeuille, J Achenbach, J Breiman, RF Katz, JM Uyeki, TM Wali, SS AF Ortiz, Justin R. Katz, Mark A. Mahmoud, Mohammed N. Ahmed, Saidu Bawa, Shehu I. Farnon, Eileen C. Sarki, Mohammed B. Nasidi, Abdussalam Ado, Muhammed S. Yahaya, Abdulrazak H. Joannis, Tony M. Akpan, Raphael S. Vertefeuille, John Achenbach, Jenna Breiman, Robert F. Katz, Jacqueline M. Uyeki, Timothy M. Wali, Sadiq S. TI Lack of evidence of avian-to-human transmission of avian influenza A (H5N1) virus among poultry workers, Kano, Nigeria, 2006 SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Options for the Control of Influenza VI CY JUN 17-23, 2007 CL Toronto, CANADA ID HONG-KONG; INFECTION; ANTIBODY; RISK AB Background. In February 2006, poultry outbreaks of highly pathogenic avian influenza A (H5N1) virus were confirmed in Nigeria. A serosurvey was conducted to assess H5N1 transmission among poultry workers and laboratory workers in Nigeria. Methods. From 21 March through 3 April 2006, 295 poultry workers and 25 laboratory workers with suspected exposure to H5N1 virus were administered a questionnaire to assess H5N1 exposures, medical history, and health care utilization. A serum specimen was collected from participants to test for H5N1 neutralizing antibodies by microneutralization assay. Results. The 295 poultry workers reported a median of 14 days of exposure to suspected or confirmed H5N1-infected poultry without antiviral chemoprophylaxis and with minimal personal protective equipment. Among 25 laboratory workers, all handled poultry specimens with suspected H5N1 virus infection. All participants tested negative for H5N1 neutralizing antibodies. Conclusions. Despite widespread exposure to poultry likely infected with H5N1 virus, no serological evidence of H5N1 virus infection was identified among participants. Continued surveillance for H5N1 cases in humans and further seroprevalence investigations are needed to assess the risk of avian-to-human transmission, given that H5N1 viruses continue to circulate and evolve among poultry. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Off Workforce & Career Dev, Atlanta, GA USA. Ctr Dis Control, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, Ft Collins, CO 80522 USA. Kano State Minist Hlth, Kano, Nigeria. Kano State Minist Agr, Kano, Nigeria. Nigeria Fed Minist Hlth, Abuja, Nigeria. Global AIDS Program Nigeria, Ctr Dis Control, Abuja, Nigeria. Natl Inst Vet Res, Viral Res Dept, Jos, Nigeria. Ctr Dis Control, Int Emerging Infect Program, Nairobi, Kenya. RP Katz, MA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control Kenya, Global Dis Detect Div, Mbagathi Rd Off Mbagathi WayPO Box 606-00621, Nairobi, Kenya. EM mkatz@ke.cdc.gov NR 28 TC 43 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 6 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD DEC 1 PY 2007 VL 196 IS 11 BP 1685 EP 1691 DI 10.1086/522158 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 231RE UT WOS:000250965900017 PM 18008254 ER PT J AU Kennedy, BG AF Kennedy, Briana Grovhoug TI Untitled SO JOURNAL OF LAW MEDICINE & ETHICS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Publ Hlth Law Program, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Kennedy, BG (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Publ Hlth Law Program, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1073-1105 J9 J LAW MED ETHICS JI J. Law Med. Ethics PD WIN PY 2007 VL 35 IS 4 SU S BP 6 EP 7 PG 2 WC Ethics; Law; Medical Ethics; Medicine, Legal SC Social Sciences - Other Topics; Government & Law; Medical Ethics; Legal Medicine GA 246PB UT WOS:000252018100002 ER PT J AU Allan, SM Meier, BM Miles, J Underheim, G Haddix, AC AF Allan, Susan M. Meier, Benjamin Mason Miles, Joan Underheim, Gregg Haddix, Anne C. TI Why and how states are updating their public health laws SO JOURNAL OF LAW MEDICINE & ETHICS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Allan, Susan M.] Oregon Dept Human Serv, Oregon State Publ Hlth Div, Portland, OR USA. [Meier, Benjamin Mason] Columbia Univ, Ctr Hlth Policy, New York, NY 10027 USA. [Haddix, Anne C.] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Allan, SM (reprint author), Oregon Dept Human Serv, Oregon State Publ Hlth Div, Portland, OR USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1073-1105 J9 J LAW MED ETHICS JI J. Law Med. Ethics PD WIN PY 2007 VL 35 IS 4 SU S BP 39 EP 42 PG 4 WC Ethics; Law; Medical Ethics; Medicine, Legal SC Social Sciences - Other Topics; Government & Law; Medical Ethics; Legal Medicine GA 246PB UT WOS:000252018100008 ER PT J AU Gard, B Keith, PD Neltner, T Millette, MD AF Gard, Beverly Keith, Priscilla D. Neltner, Tom Millette, M. Deborah TI Law for healthy homes SO JOURNAL OF LAW MEDICINE & ETHICS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Keith, Priscilla D.] Maricon Cty Hlth & Hosp Corp, Indiana, PA USA. [Neltner, Tom] Natl Ctr Healthy Housing, Indiana, PA USA. [Millette, M. Deborah] CDC, NCEH, Indiana, PA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1073-1105 J9 J LAW MED ETHICS JI J. Law Med. Ethics PD WIN PY 2007 VL 35 IS 4 SU S BP 43 EP 45 PG 3 WC Ethics; Law; Medical Ethics; Medicine, Legal SC Social Sciences - Other Topics; Government & Law; Medical Ethics; Legal Medicine GA 246PB UT WOS:000252018100009 ER PT J AU Mastro, T Monnes-Anderson, L Pitts, P Pulver, A Popovic, T AF Mastro, Timothy Monnes-Anderson, Laurie Pitts, Pam Pulver, Amy Popovic, Tanja TI Legal tools to advance women's health SO JOURNAL OF LAW MEDICINE & ETHICS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Mastro, Timothy] CDC, DHAP, NCCHSTP, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Pitts, Pam] Tennessee Dept Hlth, STD HIV Prevent Serv, Nashville, TN USA. [Pulver, Amy] CDC, Div STD Prevent, NCHSTP, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Popovic, Tanja] CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Mastro, T (reprint author), CDC, DHAP, NCCHSTP, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 3 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1073-1105 J9 J LAW MED ETHICS JI J. Law Med. Ethics PD WIN PY 2007 VL 35 IS 4 SU S BP 46 EP 49 PG 4 WC Ethics; Law; Medical Ethics; Medicine, Legal SC Social Sciences - Other Topics; Government & Law; Medical Ethics; Legal Medicine GA 246PB UT WOS:000252018100010 ER PT J AU Castro, K McAuliffe, J Rees, CM Stier, D AF Castro, Ken McAuliffe, Jay Rees, Clifford M. Stier, Dan TI All for all: The status and future of mutual aid agreements SO JOURNAL OF LAW MEDICINE & ETHICS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Castro, Ken] CDC, NCHSTP, DTBE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [McAuliffe, Jay] CDC, COGH, Geog & Program Coordinat, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Rees, Clifford M.] Univ New Mexico, Hlth Sci Ctr, Sch Med, Ctr Disaster Med, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. [Stier, Dan] CDC, Publ Hlth Law Program, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Castro, K (reprint author), CDC, NCHSTP, DTBE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1073-1105 J9 J LAW MED ETHICS JI J. Law Med. Ethics PD WIN PY 2007 VL 35 IS 4 SU S BP 55 EP 59 PG 5 WC Ethics; Law; Medical Ethics; Medicine, Legal SC Social Sciences - Other Topics; Government & Law; Medical Ethics; Legal Medicine GA 246PB UT WOS:000252018100013 ER PT J AU Ashe, M Feldstein, LM Lee, MM Ransom, MM AF Ashe, Marice Feldstein, Lisa M. Lee, Mary M. Ransom, Montrece McNeill TI Land use laws and access to tobacco, alcohol, and fast food SO JOURNAL OF LAW MEDICINE & ETHICS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Ransom, Montrece McNeill] CDC, Publ Hlth Law Program, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1073-1105 J9 J LAW MED ETHICS JI J. Law Med. Ethics PD WIN PY 2007 VL 35 IS 4 SU S BP 60 EP 62 PG 3 WC Ethics; Law; Medical Ethics; Medicine, Legal SC Social Sciences - Other Topics; Government & Law; Medical Ethics; Legal Medicine GA 246PB UT WOS:000252018100014 ER PT J AU Sinks, T Wagner, WE Farquhar, D AF Sinks, Thomas Wagner, Wendy E. Farquhar, Doug TI The science and the law of toxics SO JOURNAL OF LAW MEDICINE & ETHICS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Sinks, Thomas] CDC, NCEH ATSDR, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Sinks, T (reprint author), CDC, NCEH ATSDR, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1073-1105 J9 J LAW MED ETHICS JI J. Law Med. Ethics PD WIN PY 2007 VL 35 IS 4 SU S BP 63 EP 68 PG 6 WC Ethics; Law; Medical Ethics; Medicine, Legal SC Social Sciences - Other Topics; Government & Law; Medical Ethics; Legal Medicine GA 246PB UT WOS:000252018100015 ER PT J AU Duvall, H Hodge, JG Potts-Datema, W AF Duvall, Heather Hodge, James G., Jr. Potts-Datema, William TI Law and policy as tools for healthy schools SO JOURNAL OF LAW MEDICINE & ETHICS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Duvall, Heather] Oklahoma Fit Kids Coalit, Oklahoma City, OK USA. [Hodge, James G., Jr.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Potts-Datema, William] CDC, DASH, NCCDPHP, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Duvall, H (reprint author), Oklahoma Fit Kids Coalit, Oklahoma City, OK USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1073-1105 J9 J LAW MED ETHICS JI J. Law Med. Ethics PD WIN PY 2007 VL 35 IS 4 SU S BP 79 EP 80 PG 2 WC Ethics; Law; Medical Ethics; Medicine, Legal SC Social Sciences - Other Topics; Government & Law; Medical Ethics; Legal Medicine GA 246PB UT WOS:000252018100019 ER PT J AU Dannenberg, AL Edwards, R de Nie, KL Redding, K Frumkin, H AF Dannenberg, Andrew L. Edwards, Ralph de Nie, Karen Leone Redding, Kimberly Frumkin, Howard TI Leveraging law and private investment for healthy urban redevelopment SO JOURNAL OF LAW MEDICINE & ETHICS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Dannenberg, Andrew L.] CDC, NCEH, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [de Nie, Karen Leone] Georgia Inst Technol, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Redding, Kimberly] Georgia Dept Human Resources, Publ Hlth Div, Chron Dis & Hlth Promot Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Frumkin, Howard] CDC, NCEH ATSDR, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Dannenberg, AL (reprint author), CDC, NCEH, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. OI Frumkin, Howard/0000-0001-7079-3534 NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1073-1105 J9 J LAW MED ETHICS JI J. Law Med. Ethics PD WIN PY 2007 VL 35 IS 4 SU S BP 101 EP 105 PG 5 WC Ethics; Law; Medical Ethics; Medicine, Legal SC Social Sciences - Other Topics; Government & Law; Medical Ethics; Legal Medicine GA 246PB UT WOS:000252018100024 ER PT J AU Craig, A English, A Shaw, FE Rodewald, L AF Craig, Allen English, Abigail Shaw, Frederic E. Rodewald, Lance TI New adolescent vaccines: Legal and legislative issues SO JOURNAL OF LAW MEDICINE & ETHICS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Craig, Allen] Tennessee Dept Hlth, Nashville, TN USA. [English, Abigail] Ctr Adolescent Hlth & Law, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Shaw, Frederic E.] CDC, Publ Hlth Law Program, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Rodewald, Lance] CDC, NIP, Immunizat Serv Div, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Craig, A (reprint author), Tennessee Dept Hlth, Nashville, TN USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1073-1105 J9 J LAW MED ETHICS JI J. Law Med. Ethics PD WIN PY 2007 VL 35 IS 4 SU S BP 106 EP 111 PG 6 WC Ethics; Law; Medical Ethics; Medicine, Legal SC Social Sciences - Other Topics; Government & Law; Medical Ethics; Legal Medicine GA 246PB UT WOS:000252018100025 ER PT J AU McDonough, JE Moulton, AD AF McDonough, John E. Moulton, Anthony D. TI The 2006 Massachusetts health care reform act SO JOURNAL OF LAW MEDICINE & ETHICS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Moulton, Anthony D.] CDC, Publ Hlth Law Program, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1073-1105 J9 J LAW MED ETHICS JI J. Law Med. Ethics PD WIN PY 2007 VL 35 IS 4 SU S BP 115 EP 116 PG 2 WC Ethics; Law; Medical Ethics; Medicine, Legal SC Social Sciences - Other Topics; Government & Law; Medical Ethics; Legal Medicine GA 246PB UT WOS:000252018100027 ER PT J AU Allan, SM Lane, BWS Misrahi, JJ Murray, RS Schuyler, GR Thomas, J Lynk, MV AF Allan, Susan M. Lane, Barret W. S. Misrahi, James J. Murray, Richard S. Schuyler, Grace R. Thomas, Jason Lynk, Myles V. TI Incident at airport X: Quarantine law and limits SO JOURNAL OF LAW MEDICINE & ETHICS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Allan, Susan M.] Oregon State Publ Hlth, Oregon Dept Human Serv, Portland, OR USA. [Misrahi, James J.] CDC, ATSDR Branch, Publ Hlth Div, OGC DHHS, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Schuyler, Grace R.] Georgia State Univ, Coll Law, Ctr Law, Hth & Soc, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. [Lynk, Myles V.] Arizona State Univ, Coll Law, Peter Kiewit Fdn, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. CDC, NCID, Div Global Migrat & Quarantine, Washington Quarantine Stn, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Allan, SM (reprint author), Oregon State Publ Hlth, Oregon Dept Human Serv, Portland, OR USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1073-1105 J9 J LAW MED ETHICS JI J. Law Med. Ethics PD WIN PY 2007 VL 35 IS 4 SU S BP 117 EP 117 PG 1 WC Ethics; Law; Medical Ethics; Medicine, Legal SC Social Sciences - Other Topics; Government & Law; Medical Ethics; Legal Medicine GA 246PB UT WOS:000252018100028 ER PT J AU Cardin, M Farley, TA Purcell, A Collins, J AF Cardin, Michael Farley, Thomas A. Purcell, Amanda Collins, Janet TI Preventing obesity and chronic disease: Education vs. regulation vs. litigation SO JOURNAL OF LAW MEDICINE & ETHICS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Farley, Thomas A.] Tulane Univ, New Orleans, LA 70118 USA. [Collins, Janet] CDC, NCCDPHP, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1073-1105 J9 J LAW MED ETHICS JI J. Law Med. Ethics PD WIN PY 2007 VL 35 IS 4 SU S BP 120 EP 128 PG 9 WC Ethics; Law; Medical Ethics; Medicine, Legal SC Social Sciences - Other Topics; Government & Law; Medical Ethics; Legal Medicine GA 246PB UT WOS:000252018100030 ER PT J AU Peterson, AT Papes, M Carroll, DS Leirs, H Johnson, KM AF Peterson, A. Townsend Papes, Monica Carroll, Darin S. Leirs, Herwig Johnson, Karl M. TI Mammal taxa constituting potential coevolved reservoirs of filoviruses SO JOURNAL OF MAMMALOGY LA English DT Article DE coevolution; Ebola virus; filovirus; geographic distribution; Marburg virus; reservoir ID EBOLA HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER; SPECIES DISTRIBUTION MODELS; PREDICTIVE MODELS; MARBURG VIRUSES; RESTON VIRUS; DISTRIBUTIONS; EVOLUTION; OUTBREAK; UGANDA; MITOCHONDRIAL AB The virus family Filoviridae includes 2 genera, the Marburg viruses and the Ebola viruses. The ecology of the filoviruses is poorly known, and indeed their host relationships remain completely unknown. An earlier effort prioritized mammalian taxa as to their possible status as the long-term coevolved reservoir of the filoviruses based on a coarse, regional classification of occurrences; here, we greatly refine the geographic data set for the mammalian taxa based on rich occurrence data sets and range interpolations from ecological niche models for each species involved. This improved detail permits a much more detailed inspection of distributional overlap patterns, and consequently a shorter list of candidate taxa-geographic analysis of 124 mammalian clades led to identification of 55 groups of interest that coincide spatially with known filovirus outbreaks, and fulfill the requirements of several additional assumptions. We discuss implications of our results for the search for the filovirus reservoir, and for research in African mammalogy. C1 [Peterson, A. Townsend; Papes, Monica] Univ Kansas, Nat Hist Museum, Biodiv Res Ctr, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. [Carroll, Darin S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Leirs, Herwig] Univ Antwerp, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium. [Johnson, Karl M.] Univ New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. RP Peterson, AT (reprint author), Univ Kansas, Nat Hist Museum, Biodiv Res Ctr, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. EM town@ku.edu RI Leirs, Herwig/B-8197-2008; Peterson, A. Townsend/I-5697-2013 OI Leirs, Herwig/0000-0002-7612-5024; Peterson, A. Townsend/0000-0003-0243-2379 NR 79 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 2 U2 25 PU ALLIANCE COMMUNICATIONS GROUP DIVISION ALLEN PRESS PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0022-2372 EI 1545-1542 J9 J MAMMAL JI J. Mammal. PD DEC PY 2007 VL 88 IS 6 BP 1544 EP 1554 DI 10.1644/06-MAMM-A-280R1.1 PG 11 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 244DN UT WOS:000251846300020 ER PT J AU Kalist, DE Molinari, NAM Siahaan, F AF Kalist, David E. Molinari, Noelle-Angelique M. Siahaan, Freddy TI Income, employment and suicidal Behavior SO JOURNAL OF MENTAL HEALTH POLICY AND ECONOMICS LA English DT Article ID LABOR-FORCE PARTICIPATION; RISK-FACTORS; PSYCHIATRIC-DISORDERS; HELP-SEEKING; HEALTH; COMORBIDITY; DEPRESSION; PREVALENCE; ILLNESS; IMPACT AB Background: Little is known about the labor market outcomes of people who have attempted suicide or thought about suicide. Methods: We used micro-level data from the first wave of the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions 2001-2002 to examine the effects of suicidal behavior on income and employment. The data provide a representative sample of the U.S. population, with its primary purpose to provide information on alcohol use disorders for the civilian non-institutionalized population aged 18 and over. The data include employment, income, and other socioeconomic and demographic information on respondents. Since the survey included 43,093 people, the data include a large number of respondents who attempted suicide or thought about committing suicide. We estimated earnings regressions and logit and ordered logit employment regressions. We used methods of IV estimation as well as two stage linear probability models to address potential endogeneity of suicidal behavior while estimating regressions separately by sex, since there are significant differences in suicide rates, suicide attempts, and suicidal ideation between men and women. Results: We find that suicide attempts and suicidal ideation are negatively related to personal income and the probability of employment. The effects differ by sex. Men and women who attempted suicide had mean earnings lower by 16 and 13 percent, respectively. This amount reflects the combined effect of suicidal behavior and mental illness. With instrumental variable regression, the magnitude of the effects becomes larger-for example, as much as 50 percent decrease in the income of males who attempted suicide. Thoughts of suicide negatively affect income but to a smaller extent. Logit and ordered logit regressions indicate that attempted suicide reduces the probability of fulltime employment by over 20 percentage points for men and approximately 17 percentage points for women. Implications: People who engaged in suicidal behavior reported significantly lower employment and earnings. Although data were insufficient to directly address the issue, it appears the effect may persist over a long period of time. This is particularly troubling since health insurance is closely tied to employment and without health insurance, treatment options may be limited. C1 [Molinari, Noelle-Angelique M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Kalist, David E.; Siahaan, Freddy] Shippensburg Univ, Dept Econ, Shippensburg, PA 17257 USA. RP Molinari, NAM (reprint author), 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS E-62, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM nmolinari@cdc.gov NR 38 TC 11 Z9 13 U1 2 U2 4 PU INT CTR MENTAL HEALTH POLICY & ECONOMICS-ICMPE PI MILANO PA VIA DANIELE CRESPI 7, MILANO, 20123, ITALY SN 1091-4358 J9 J MENT HEALTH POLICY JI J. Ment. Health Policy Econ. PD DEC PY 2007 VL 10 IS 4 BP 177 EP 187 PG 11 WC Health Policy & Services; Psychiatry SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Psychiatry GA 245LV UT WOS:000251937200003 PM 18166829 ER PT J AU Raphael, BH Andreadis, JD AF Raphael, Brian H. Andreadis, Joanne D. TI Real-time PCR detection of the nontoxic nonhemagglutinin gene as a rapid screening method for bacterial isolates harboring the botulinum neurotoxin (A-G) gene complex SO JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGICAL METHODS LA English DT Article DE Clostridium botulinum; pathogen detection; real-time PCR ID CLOSTRIDIUM-BOTULINUM; SEQUENCE; TOXIN AB Botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) producing clostridia contain genes encoding a specific neurotoxin serotype (A-G) and nontoxic associated proteins that form the toxin complex. The nontoxic nonhemagglutinin (NTNH) is a conserved component of the toxin complex in all seven toxin types. A real-time PCR assay that utilizes a locked nucleic acid hydrolysis probe to target the NTNH gene was developed to detect bacterial strains harboring the botulinum neurotoxin gene cluster. The specificity of the assay for Clostridium botulinum types A-G, Clostridium butyricum type E and Clostridium baratii type F was demonstrated using a panel of 73 BoNT producing clostridia representing all seven toxin serotypes. In addition, exclusivity of the assay was demonstrated using non-botulinum toxin producing clostridia (7 strains) and various enteric bacterial strains (n = 27). Using purified DNA, the assay had a sensitivity of 4-95 genome equivalents. C. botulinum type A was detected directly in spiked stool samples at 10(2) - 10(3) CFU/ml. Stool spiked with 1 CFU/ml was detected when the sample was inoculated into enrichment broth and incubated for 24 It. These results indicate that the NTNH real-time PCR assay can be used to screen enrichment cultures of primary specimens at earlier time points (24 h) than by toxin detection of unknown culture supernatants (up to 5 days). Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Raphael, Brian H.; Andreadis, Joanne D.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Enter Dis Lab Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Raphael, BH (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Enter Dis Lab Branch, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mailstop G-29, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM BRaphael@cdc.gov OI Raphael, Brian/0000-0003-2778-2623 NR 12 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-7012 J9 J MICROBIOL METH JI J. Microbiol. Methods PD DEC PY 2007 VL 71 IS 3 BP 343 EP 346 DI 10.1016/j.mimet.2007.09.016 PG 4 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Microbiology GA 247LI UT WOS:000252080300025 PM 17961766 ER PT J AU Katz, L Ansari, A AF Katz, Luba Ansari, Armin TI Survey of patient release information on radiation and security checkpoints SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material ID RADIOIODINE THERAPY; STRESS TESTS; AIRPORT C1 [Katz, Luba] ABT Associates Inc, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Ansari, Armin] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Radiat Studies Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Katz, L (reprint author), ABT Associates Inc, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. NR 15 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC NUCLEAR MEDICINE INC PI RESTON PA 1850 SAMUEL MORSE DR, RESTON, VA 20190-5316 USA SN 0161-5505 J9 J NUCL MED JI J. Nucl. Med. PD DEC PY 2007 VL 48 IS 12 BP 14N EP + PG 7 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 258UN UT WOS:000252895100001 PM 18056324 ER PT J AU Navarr-I-Martinez, L da Silva, AJ Bornay-Llinares, FJ Moura, INS del Aguila, C Oleaga, A Pieniazek, NJ AF Navarr-i-Martinez, Luis da Silva, Alexandre J. Bornay-Llinares, Fernando J. Moura, Iaci N. S. del Aguila, Carmen Oleaga, Ana Pieniazek, Norman J. TI Detection and molecular characterization of Cryptosporidium bovis-like isolate from a newborn lamb in Spain SO JOURNAL OF PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article ID N. SP APICOMPLEXA; PREVALENCE; GENOTYPES; PARASITE; CATTLE AB Species Of Cryptosporidium infect a broad variety of animals. Because morphological features of the secreted oocysts are not useful in identifying the parasite at the species level, molecular tools were used to accomplish this task, leading to discovery of new Ctyptosporidium species. With the use of this approach, Cryptosporidium bovis has recently been described as a new species infecting bovines and several other hosts, but clearly distinct from C. parvum. In this report, we present a description of a Cryptosporidium sp. isolate from a newborn lamb from a farm in Spain. The isolate seemed to be very similar to C. bovis based on the analysis of the gene that codes for the 18S rRNA. C1 [Navarr-i-Martinez, Luis; Bornay-Llinares, Fernando J.] Univ Miguel Hernandez Elche, Div Parasitol, Alicante 03550, Spain. [Navarr-i-Martinez, Luis; da Silva, Alexandre J.; Moura, Iaci N. S.; Pieniazek, Norman J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, NCZVED, Div Parasit Dis, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Bornay-Llinares, Fernando J.] Univ Cardenal Herrera CEU, Alicante 03203, Spain. [del Aguila, Carmen] Univ San Pablo CEU, Madrid 28668, Spain. [Oleaga, Ana] CSIC, Inst Recursos Nat & Agrobiol, Salamanca 37008, Spain. RP Navarr-I-Martinez, L (reprint author), Univ Miguel Hernandez Elche, Div Parasitol, Alicante 03550, Spain. EM lnavarro@umh.es RI OLEAGA, ANA/E-9564-2011; del Aguila, Carmen/A-6063-2016; OI OLEAGA, ANA/0000-0002-8019-7354; del Aguila, Carmen/0000-0003-0063-7899; Navarro-i-Martinez, Luis/0000-0002-7358-8947 NR 14 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC PARASITOLOGISTS PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0022-3395 J9 J PARASITOL JI J. Parasitol. PD DEC PY 2007 VL 93 IS 6 BP 1536 EP 1538 DI 10.1645/GE-1116.1 PG 3 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA 255CC UT WOS:000252633300045 PM 18314710 ER PT J AU Parsons, MA Askland, KD AF Parsons, Margaret A. Askland, Kathleen D. TI Cancer of the colorectum in Maine, 1995-1998: Determinants of stage at diagnosis in a rural state SO JOURNAL OF RURAL HEALTH LA English DT Article ID SOCIOECONOMIC-STATUS; CARE; HEALTH; ACCESS; SURVIVAL; DISTANCE; SERVICES; DISEASE; AREAS; RACE AB Context: Despite screening for colorectal cancer, mortality in the United States remains substantial. In northern New England, little is known about predictors of stage at diagnosis, an important determinant of survival and mortality. Purpose: The objective of this study was to identify predictors of late stage at diagnosis for colorectal cancer in a rural state with a predominantly white population and a large Franco-American minority. Methods: Incident cases from 1995-1998 were obtained from the Maine Cancer Registry. Individual-level variables (age, sex, race, French ethnicity by surname, and payer) and contextual/town-level variables (socioeconomic status, population density, Franco ancestry proportion, distance to health care, and weather) were modeled with multiple logistic regression for late stage. Findings: Increasing distance to primary care provider was associated with late stage for colorectal cancer. Compared to patients aged ,85 years, those aged 65-84 years were less likely to be diagnosed late, while those aged 35-49 years were more likely-although not significantly-to have late stage at diagnosis. Associations were not found with socioeconomic variables. Conclusions: The finding regarding distance to primary care may be consistent with studies showing that rurality and distance to care predict reduced utilization of health care services and worse health outcomes. The finding regarding age has implications for the education of younger high-risk patients and their physicians. The absence of positive findings with regard to socioeconomic variables may stem from the uniquely mixed sociodemographic profiles in rural and urban regions of Maine. Further research should refine these and other contextual measures to elucidate effects on rural health and should further evaluate the utility of assigning French ethnicity by surname in order to identify health disparities. C1 Maine Gen Hlth Associates, Gardiner, ME 04345 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidemiol Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Parsons, MA (reprint author), Maine Gen Hlth Associates, Gardiner, ME 04345 USA. EM mapars@earthlink.net NR 40 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 1 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0890-765X J9 J RURAL HEALTH JI J. Rural Health PD WIN PY 2007 VL 23 IS 1 BP 25 EP 32 DI 10.1111/j.1748-0361.2006.00064.x PG 8 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 129UI UT WOS:000243755200004 PM 17300475 ER PT J AU Nihiser, AJ Lee, SM Wechsler, H McKenna, M Odom, E Reinold, C Thompson, D Grummer-Strawn, L AF Nihiser, Allison J. Lee, Sarah M. Wechsler, Howell McKenna, Mary Odom, Erica Reinold, Chris Thompson, Diane Grummer-Strawn, Larry TI Body mass index measurement in schools SO JOURNAL OF SCHOOL HEALTH LA English DT Review DE growth and development; school health services; child and adolescent health; legislation ID CARDIOVASCULAR RISK-FACTORS; AFFECTING CHILDRENS WEIGHT; SELF-REPORTED HEIGHT; HEALTH REPORT CARDS; QUALITY-OF-LIFE; OVERWEIGHT CHILDREN; MATERNAL PERCEPTIONS; CHILDHOOD OVERWEIGHT; PREVENTIVE SERVICES; PARENTS PERCEPTIONS AB BACKGROUND: School-based body mass index (BMI) measurement has attracted much attention across the nation from researchers, school officials, legislators, and the media as a potential approach to address obesity among youth. METHODS: An expert panel, convened by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) in 2005, reviewed and provided expertise on an earlier version of this article. The panel comprised experts in public health, education, school counseling, school medical care, and a parent organization. This article describes the purposes of BMI measurement programs, examines current practices, reviews existing research, summarizes the recommendations of experts, identifies concerns, and provides guidance including a list of safeguards and ideas for future research. RESULTS: The implementation of school-based BMI measurement for surveillance purposes, that is, to identify the percentage of students in a population who are at risk for weight-related problems, is widely accepted; however, considerable controversy exists over BMI measurement for screening purposes, that is, to assess the weight status of individual students and provide this information to parents with guidance for action. Although some promising results have been reported, more evaluation is needed to determine whether BMI screening programs are a promising practice for addressing obesity. CONCLUSIONS: Based on the available information, BMI screening meets some but not all of the criteria established by the American Academy of Pediatrics for determining whether screening for specific health conditions should be implemented in schools. Schools that initiate BMI measurement programs should evaluate the effects of the program on BMI results and on weight-related knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors of youth and their families; they also should adhere to safeguards to reduce the risk of harming students, have in place a safe and supportive environment for students of all body sizes, and implement science-based strategies to promote physical activity and healthy eating. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adolescent & Sch Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. Univ New Brunswick, Fac Kinesiol, Fredericton, NB E3B 5A3, Canada. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Nutr Phys Act & Obes, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Nihiser, AJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Adolescent & Sch Hlth, 4770 Buford Highway NE MS K-12, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM anihiser@cdc.gov; skeuplee@cdc.gov; hwechsler@cdc.gov; mmckenna@unb.ca; eodom@cdc.gov; creinold@cdc.gov; dthompson1@cdc.gov; lgrummer-strawn@cdc.gov RI Nihiser, Allison/B-8662-2014 NR 125 TC 78 Z9 82 U1 3 U2 12 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0022-4391 J9 J SCHOOL HEALTH JI J. Sch. Health PD DEC PY 2007 VL 77 IS 10 BP 651 EP 671 PG 21 WC Education & Educational Research; Education, Scientific Disciplines; Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Education & Educational Research; Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 238GA UT WOS:000251434200003 PM 18076411 ER PT J AU Sutherland, GL Nasci, RS AF Sutherland, Genevieve L. Nasci, Roger S. TI Detection of West Nile virus in large pools of mosquitoes SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article DE West Nile virus; arbovirus surveillance; pool size; VecTest (R); RAMP (R) ID POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; FIELD-COLLECTED MOSQUITOS; VECTEST(TM) ANTIGEN-ASSAY; ENZYME-IMMUNOASSAY; ENCEPHALITIS VIRUSES; RAPID DETECTION; SURVEILLANCE; CONNECTICUT; POPULATIONS; CULICIDAE AB We conducted a laboratory evaluation of the ability of commercial antigen-capture assays, the Rapid Analyte Measurement Platform (RAMP (R)) and the VecTest (R) wicking assay, as well as Real Time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR, Taqman) and Vero cell plaque assay to detect West Nile virus (WN-V) in large mosquito pools. Real-Time PCR (Taqman) was the most sensitive, detecting WN-V ribonucleic acid (RNA) in 100% of samples containing a single infected mosquito in pool sizes of up to 500 mosquitoes. Mosquito body tissues minimally impacted the ability of Real Time RT-PCR to detect WNV in a pool size of 500, reducing sensitivity by 0.6 log(10) plaque-forming units (PFU)/ml. Vero cell plaque assay detected live virus from a single infected mosquito in 100% of pools containing up to 200 mosquitoes, but was unreliable at larger pool sizes. VecTest detected 100% of positive pools containing 50 mosquitoes with 5.8 log(10) PFU/ml virus, 100 mosquitoes with 5.9 log(10) PFU/ml, and 200 mosquitoes with 5.2 log(10) PFU/ml, The RAMP assay detected 100% of positive pools containing 50 mosquitoes with 3.3 log(10) PFU/ml virus, 100 mosquitoes with 3.7 log(10) PFU/ml, and 200 mosquitoes with 4.0 log(10) PFU/ml. Results indicate that WN-V can be reliably detected by all 4 assays in pools of mosquitoes exceeding 50 specimens, though there is some loss of sensitivity with very large pool sizes. C1 [Sutherland, Genevieve L.; Nasci, Roger S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, Arboviral Dis Branch, Ft Collins, CO 80522 USA. RP Nasci, RS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, Arboviral Dis Branch, PO Box 2087, Ft Collins, CO 80522 USA. NR 21 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER MOSQUITO CONTROL ASSOC PI EATONTOWN PA P O BOX 234, EATONTOWN, NJ 07724-0234 USA SN 8756-971X J9 J AM MOSQUITO CONTR JI J. Am. Mosq. Control Assoc. PD DEC PY 2007 VL 23 IS 4 BP 389 EP 395 DI 10.2987/5630.1 PG 7 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 243YH UT WOS:000251832700004 PM 18240515 ER PT J AU Richardson, LC Tangka, FK AF Richardson, Lisa C. Tangka, Florence K. TI Ambulatory care for cancer in the United States: Results from two national surveys comparing visits to physicians' offices and hospital outpatient departments SO JOURNAL OF THE NATIONAL MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article DE health insurance; cancer ID STAGE BREAST-CANCER; QUALITY; THERAPY; RACE/ETHNICITY; CARCINOMA; INSURANCE; FLORIDA; TRIALS AB Background: Among the general population, type of health insurance has been reported to affect the location of ambulatory visits and the content of those visits. We examined where cancer patient visits occurred (physicians' offices or hospital clinics), and whether anticancer therapy is administered or prescribed. Methods: Cross-sectional study using National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey and National Hospital Ambulatory Care Survey (NAMCS/NHAMCS) data to characterize ambulatory cancer patient visits from 2001-2003. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to identify factors associated with where a cancer patient went for care (office practice versus hospital clinic) and anticancer therapy received. Results: Thirteen percent of patients visited hospital clinics with the remainder visiting office-based settings. Younger cancer patients and those with Medicaid were more likely to visit hospital clinics compared to older and privately insured cancer patients. Cancer patients with <6 visits in the last year were less likely to be seen in the office.setting. Patients with lung cancer, lymphoma/leukemia and melanoma were less likely to have anticancer therapy administered or prescribed compared to breast cancer patients. The uninsured were less likely to have anticancer administered or prescribed compared with the privately insured. Conclusions: Cancer patients with Medicaid were more likely to visit hospital clinics than privately insured patients. Treatment was associated with cancer type, not where care occurred and health insurance type, though there was a trend for the uninsured and those insured by Medicaid to be less likely to be administered or be prescribed anticancer therapy. C1 [Richardson, Lisa C.; Tangka, Florence K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Richardson, LC (reprint author), 4770 Buford Highway NE, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM lrichardson@cdc.gov NR 30 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 2 PU NATL MED ASSOC PI WASHINGON PA 1012 10TH ST, N W, WASHINGON, DC 20001 USA SN 0027-9684 J9 J NATL MED ASSOC JI J. Natl. Med. Assoc. PD DEC PY 2007 VL 99 IS 12 BP 1350 EP 1358 PG 9 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 244FM UT WOS:000251851800004 PM 18229771 ER PT J AU Faul, M Wald, MM Rutland-Brown, W Sullivent, EE Sattin, RW AF Faul, Mark Wald, Marlena M. Rutland-Brown, Wesley Sullivent, Ernest E. Sattin, Richard W. TI Using a cost-benefit analysis to estimate outcomes of a clinical treatment guideline: Testing the brain trauma foundation guidelines for the treatment of severe traumatic brain injury SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Article DE cost benefit; traumatic brain injury; TBI; treatment guidelines; acute care; societal impact; rehabilitation; Glasgow Outcome Score ID SEVERE HEAD-INJURY; UNITED-STATES; MANAGEMENT; CARE; CHARGES; PATHWAY AB Background: A decade after promulgation of treatment guidelines by the Brain Trauma Foundation (BTF), few studies exist that examine the application of these guidelines for severe traumatic brain injury TBI) patients. These studies have reported both cost savings and reduced mortality. Materials: We projected the results of previous studies of BTF guideline adoption to estimate the impact of widespread adoption across the United States. We used surveillance systems and national surveys to estimate the number of severely injured TBI patients and compared the lifetime costs of BTF adoption to the current state of treatment. Results: After examining the health outcomes and costs, we estimated that a substantial savings in annual medical costs ($262 million), annual rehabilitation costs ($43 million) and lifetime societal costs ($3.84 billion) would be achieved if treatment guidelines were used more routinely. Implementation costs were estimated to be $61 million. The net savings were primarily because of better health outcomes and a decreased burden on lifetime social support systems. We also estimate that mortality would be reduced by 3,607 lives if the guidelines were followed. Conclusions: Widespread adoption of the BTF guidelines for the treatment of severe TBI would result in substantial savings in costs and lives. The majority of cost savings are societal costs. Further validation work to identify the most effective aspects of the BTF guidelines is warranted. C1 [Faul, Mark; Wald, Marlena M.; Rutland-Brown, Wesley; Sullivent, Ernest E.; Sattin, Richard W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Div Injury Response, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Faul, M (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Div Injury Response, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM mfaul@cdc.gov NR 28 TC 92 Z9 95 U1 0 U2 9 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-5282 J9 J TRAUMA JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care PD DEC PY 2007 VL 63 IS 6 BP 1271 EP 1278 DI 10.1097/TA.0b013e3181493080 PG 8 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA 243AU UT WOS:000251768100015 PM 18212649 ER PT J AU Bennett, SG Comer, JA Smith, HM Webb, JP AF Bennett, Stephen G. Comer, James A. Smith, Heather M. Webb, James P. TI Serologic evidence of a Rickettsia akari-like infection among wild-caught rodents in Orange County and humans in Los Angeles County, California SO JOURNAL OF VECTOR ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE rickettsialpox; Rickettsia akari; wild-caught rodents; Orange County ID INTRAVENOUS-DRUG-USERS; NEW-YORK-CITY AB We detected antibodies reactive with Rickettsia akari, the etiologic agent of rickettsialpox in humans and in 83 of 359 (23%) rodents belonging to several species, collected in Orange County, CA. Reciprocal antibody titers >1:16 to R. akari were detected in native mice and rats (Peromyscus maniculatus, R eremicus, and Neotoma fuscipes) and in Old World mice and rats (Mus musculus, Rattus rattus, and R. norvegicus), representing the first time that antibodies reactive with this agent have been detected in four of these species and the first report of these antibodies in rodents and humans west of the Mississippi River. We then tested serum samples from individuals who used a free clinic in downtown Los Angeles and found that 25 of 299 (8%) of these individuals had antibody titers >1:64 to R. akari. Serologic evidence suggested that R. akari or a closely related rickettsia is prevalent among several rodent species at these localities and that infection spills over into certain segments of the human population. Isolation or molecular confirmation of the agent is needed to conclusively state that R. akari is the etiologic agent infecting these rodents. C1 [Bennett, Stephen G.; Webb, James P.] Orange Cty Vector Control Dist, Garden Grove, CA 92843 USA. [Comer, James A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Viral & Rickettsial Zoonoses Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Smith, Heather M.] Acute Communicable Dis Control, Los Angeles Cty Dept Hlth Serv, Los Angeles, CA 90012 USA. RP Bennett, SG (reprint author), Orange Cty Vector Control Dist, 13001 Garden Grove Blvd, Garden Grove, CA 92843 USA. NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 3 PU SOC VECTOR ECOLOGY PI CORONA PA 1966 COMPTON AVE, CORONA, CA 92881 USA SN 1081-1710 J9 J VECTOR ECOL JI J. Vector Ecol. PD DEC PY 2007 VL 32 IS 2 BP 198 EP 201 DI 10.3376/1081-1710(2007)32[198:SEOARA]2.0.CO;2 PG 4 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 252WQ UT WOS:000252478300007 PM 18260508 ER PT J AU Chen, MH Zhu, Z Zhang, Y Favors, S Xu, WB Featherstone, DA Icenogle, JP AF Chen, Min-hsin Zhu, Zhen Zhang, Yan Favors, Sheena Xu, Wen-bo Featherstone, David A. Icenogle, Joseph P. TI An indirect immunocolorimetric assay to detect rubella virus infected cells SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGICAL METHODS LA English DT Article DE detection of rubella virus; Indirect immunocolorimetric assay; noncytopathic ID THROAT SWABS; INFECTIVITY AB An indirect immunocolorimetric assay (ICA) to detect rubella virus infected cells by the naked eye was developed. This assay was as sensitive and specific as an indirect immunofluorescent assay (IFA), could detect as little as 10 plaque forming units (pfu) of rubella virus in the initial inoculum and could detect viruses from throat swabs. This assay detected infection with viruses of all nine rubella virus genotypes available for testing. It could be utilized for virus quantitation and a neutralization assay. In addition to detecting rubella virus infection, this assay also allowed us to confirm measles virus infection. This assay should be useful for virus isolation from clinical samples. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All fights reserved. C1 [Chen, Min-hsin; Icenogle, Joseph P.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Zhu, Zhen; Zhang, Yan; Xu, Wen-bo] Chinese Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Inst Viral Dis Control & Prevent, Beijing 100050, Peoples R China. [Favors, Sheena] Furman Univ, Dept Biol, Greenville, SC 29613 USA. [Featherstone, David A.] WHO, Dept Immunizat Vaccines & Biol, Family & Community Hlth Cluster, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. RP Icenogle, JP (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM jcil@cdc.gov NR 14 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-0934 J9 J VIROL METHODS JI J. Virol. Methods PD DEC PY 2007 VL 146 IS 1-2 BP 414 EP 418 DI 10.1016/j.jviromet.2007.08.021 PG 5 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology GA 241HV UT WOS:000251648400058 PM 17919742 ER PT J AU Loparev, VN Rubtcova, EN Bostik, V Govil, D Birch, CJ Druce, JD Schmid, DS Croxson, MC AF Loparev, Vladimir N. Rubtcova, Elena N. Bostik, Vanda Govil, Dhwani Birch, Christopher J. Druce, Julian D. Schmid, D. Scott Croxson, Margaret C. TI Identification of five major and two minor genotypes of varicella-zoster virus strains: a practical two-amplicon approach used to genotype clinical isolates in Australia and New Zealand SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID SINGLE NUCLEOTIDE POLYMORPHISMS; MULTIPLE SEQUENCE ALIGNMENT; WILD-TYPE STRAINS; REAL-TIME PCR; MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY; PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS; VACCINE VIRUS; RECOMBINATION; GENOME; DISCRIMINATION AB Whole genome phylogenetic analysis in this study resolved a total of five major genotypes among the 22 varicella-zoster virus (VZV) strains or isolates for which complete genomic sequences are available. Consistent with earlier publications we have designated these genotypes European 1 (E1), European 2 (E2), Japanese (J), mosaic 1 (M1), and mosaic 2 (M2). Single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) analysis performed in a whole-genome alignment revealed that VZV isolates of all five genotypes can be accurately genotyped using SNPs from two amplicons: open reading frame 22 (ORF22) and either ORF21 or ORF50. This modified approach identifies all of the genotypes observed using any of the published genotyping protocols. Of 165 clinical varicella and zoster isolates from Australia and New Zealand typed using this approach, 67 of 127 eastern Australian isolates were El, 30 were E2, 16 were J, 10 were M1, and 4 were M2; 25 of 38 New Zealand isolates were El, 8 were E2, and 5 were M1. VZV strain diversity in eastern Australia is thus broader than has been described for any other region, including Europe, Africa, and North America. J strains were far more prevalent than previously observed in countries other than Japan. Two-amplicon typing was in complete accord with genotypes derived using SNP in multiple ORFs (ORFs 1, 21, 22, 38, 50, 54, and 62). Two additional minor genotypes, M3 and M4, could also be resolved using two-amplicon typing. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl VZV Lab, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Coordinating Ctr Infect Dis, Natl Ctr Preparedness Detect, Atlanta, GA USA. Natl Ctr Immunizat & Rsp Dis, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. Victorian Infect Dis Ref Lab, Melbourne, Vic, Australia. Auckland City Hosp, LabPlus, Dept Virol & Immunol, Auckland, New Zealand. RP Schmid, DS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl VZV Lab, Mail Stop G-18,Rm 218,Bldg 7, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM SSchmid@cdc.gov NR 33 TC 52 Z9 62 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0022-538X J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD DEC PY 2007 VL 81 IS 23 BP 12758 EP 12765 DI 10.1128/JVI.01145-07 PG 8 WC Virology SC Virology GA 236VC UT WOS:000251330500005 PM 17898056 ER PT J AU Sukupolvi-Petty, S Austin, SK Purtha, WE Oliphant, T Nybakken, GE Schlesinger, JJ Roehrig, JT Gromowski, GD Barrett, AD Fremont, DH Diamond, MS AF Sukupolvi-Petty, Soila Austin, S. Kyle Purtha, Whitney E. Oliphant, Theodore Nybakken, Grant E. Schlesinger, Jacob J. Roehrig, John T. Gromowski, Gregory D. Barrett, Alan D. Fremont, Daved H. Diamond, Michael S. TI Type- and subcomplex-specific neutralizing antibodies against domain III of dengue virus type 2 envelope protein recognize adjacent epitopes SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID WEST-NILE-VIRUS; YELLOW-FEVER VIRUS; LOUIS ENCEPHALITIS-VIRUS; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; E-GLYCOPROTEIN; POLYPEPTIDE LIBRARIES; PROTECTIVE IMMUNITY; ANTIGENIC STRUCTURE; SEQUENCE-ANALYSIS; ESCHERICHIA-COLI AB Neutralization of flaviviruses in vivo correlates with the development of an antibody response against the viral envelope (E) protein. Previous studies demonstrated that monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) against an epitope on the lateral ridge of domain III (DIII) of the West Nile virus (WNV) E protein strongly protect against infection in animals. Based on X-ray crystallography and sequence analysis, an analogous type-specific neutralizing epitope for individual serotypes of the related flavivirus dengue virus (DENV) was hypothesized. Using yeast surface display of DIII variants, we defined contact residues of a panel of type-specific, subcomplex-specific, and cross-reactive Nubs that recognize DIII of DENV type 2 (DENV-2) and have different neutralizing potentials. Type-specific MAbs with neutralizing activity against DENV-2 localized to a sequence-unique epitope on the lateral ridge of DIII, centered at the FG loop near residues E383 and P384, analogous in position to that observed with WNV-specific strongly neutralizing MAbs. Subcomplex-specific MAbs that bound some but not all DENV serotypes and neutralized DENV-2 infection recognized an adjacent epitope centered on the connecting A strand of DIII at residues K305, K307, and K310. In contrast, several MAbs that had poor neutralizing activity against DENV-2 and cross-reacted with all DENV serotypes and other flaviviruses recognized an epitope with residues in the AB loop of DIII, a conserved region that is predicted to have limited accessibility on the mature virion. Overall, our experiments define adjacent and structurally distinct epitopes on DIIII of DENV-2 which elicit type-specific, subcomplex-specific, and cross-reactive antibodies with different neutralizing potentials. C1 Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, St Louis, MO 63110 USA. Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pathol & Immunol, St Louis, MO USA. Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Mol Microbiol, St Louis, MO USA. Univ Rochester, Dept Med, Rochester, NY USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ft Collins, CO USA. Univ Texas Med Branch, Ctr Biodefense & Emerging Infect Dis, Sealy Ctr Vaccine Dev, Inst Human Infect & Immun,Dept Pathol, Galveston, TX USA. RP Diamond, MS (reprint author), Washington Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, Campus Box 8051,660 S Euclid Ave, St Louis, MO 63110 USA. EM diamond@borcim.wustl.edu OI Roehrig, John/0000-0001-7581-0479 FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI061373, U01 AI061373, U54 AI057160] NR 80 TC 157 Z9 164 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0022-538X J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD DEC PY 2007 VL 81 IS 23 BP 12816 EP 12826 DI 10.1128/JVI.00432-07 PG 11 WC Virology SC Virology GA 236VC UT WOS:000251330500011 PM 17881453 ER PT J AU Bergeron, E Vincent, MJ Nichol, ST AF Bergeron, Eric Vincent, Martin J. Nichol, Stuart T. TI Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus glycoprotein processing by the endoprotease SKI-1/S1P is critical for virus infectivity SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID SUBTILASE SKI-1/S1P; NSM PROTEIN; CLEAVAGE; PRECURSOR; EXPRESSION; FURIN; CELLS; IDENTIFICATION; LOCALIZATION; REPLICATION AB Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV) causes severe human disease. The CCHFV medium RNA encodes a polyprotein which is proteolytically processed to yield the glycoprotein precursors PreGn and PreGc, followed by structural glycoproteins Gn and Gc. Subtilisin kexin isozyme-1/site-1 protease (SKI-1/SIP) plays a central role in Gn processing. Here we show that CCHFV-infected cells deficient in SKI-1/SIP produce no infectious virus, although PreGn and PreGc accumulated normally in the Golgi apparatus, the site of virus assembly. Only nucleoprotein-containing particles which lacked virus glycoproteins (Gn/Ge or PreGn/PreGc) were secreted. Complementation of SKI-1/SlP-deficient cells with a SKI-1/SIP expression vector restored release of infectious virus (> 10(6) PFU/ml), confirming that SKI-1/SIP processing is required for incorporation of viral glycoproteins. SKI-1/SIP may represent a promising antiviral target. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Special Pathogens Branch, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. RP Nichol, ST (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Special Pathogens Branch, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS G-14, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM snichol@cdc.gov NR 29 TC 39 Z9 40 U1 1 U2 10 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0022-538X J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD DEC PY 2007 VL 81 IS 23 BP 13271 EP 13276 DI 10.1128/JVI.01647-07 PG 6 WC Virology SC Virology GA 236VC UT WOS:000251330500060 PM 17898072 ER PT J AU Vlasova, AN Zhang, XS Hasoksuz, M Nagesha, HS Haynes, LM Fang, Y Lu, S Saif, LJ AF Vlasova, Anastasia N. Zhang, Xinsheng Hasoksuz, Mustafa Nagesha, Hadya S. Haynes, Lia M. Fang, Ying Lu, Shan Saif, Linda J. TI Two-way antigenic cross-reactivity between severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and group 1 animal CoVs is mediated through an antigenic site in the n-terminal region of the SARS-CoV nucleoprotein SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID TRANSMISSIBLE GASTROENTERITIS VIRUS; NUCLEOCAPSID PROTEIN; SPIKE PROTEIN; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; BOVINE CORONAVIRUS; NEUTRALIZING ANTIBODIES; SYNTHETIC PEPTIDES; RECEPTOR-BINDING; INFECTION; IDENTIFICATION AB In 2002, severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus (SARS-CoV) emerged in humans, causing a global epidemic. By phylogenetic analysis, SARS-CoV is distinct from known CoVs and most closely related to group 2 CoVs. However, no antigenic cross-reactivity between SARS-CoV and known CoVs was conclusively and consistently demonstrated except for group 1 animal CoVs. We analyzed this cross-reactivity by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and Western blot analysis using specific antisera to animal CoVs and SARS-CoV and SARS patient convalescent-phase or negative sera. Moderate two-way cross-reactivity between SARS-CoV and porcine CoVs (transmissible gastroenteritis CoV [TGEVI and porcine respiratory CoV [PRCV]) was mediated through the N but not the spike protein, whereas weaker cross-reactivity occurred with feline (feline infectious peritonitis virus) and canine CoVs. Using Escherichia coliexpressed recombinant SARS-CoV N protein and fragments, the cross-reactive region was localized between amino acids (aa) 120 to 208. The N-protein fragments comprising as 360 to 412 and as 1 to 213 reacted specifically with SARS convalescent-phase sera but not with negative human sera in ELISA; the fragment comprising as 1 to 213 cross-reacted with antisera to animal CoVs, whereas the fragment comprising as 360 to 412 did not cross-react and could be a potential candidate for SARS diagnosis. Particularly noteworthy, a single substitution at as 120 of PRCV N protein diminished the cross-reactivity. We also demonstrated that the cross-reactivity is not universal for all group 1 CoVs, because HCoV-NL63 did not cross-react with SARS-CoV. One-way cross-reactivity of HCoV-NL63 with group 1 CoVs was localized to as 1 to 39 and at least one other antigenic site in the N-protein C terminus, differing from the cross-reactive region identified in SARS-CoV N protein. The observed cross-reactivity is not a consequence of a higher level of amino acid identity between SARS-CoV and porcine CoV nucleoproteins, because sequence comparisons indicated that SARS-CoV N protein has amino acid identity similar to that of infectious bronchitis virus N protein and shares a higher level of identity with bovine CoV N protein within the cross-reactive region. The TGEV and SARS-CoV N proteins are RNA chaperons with long disordered regions. We speculate that during natural infection, antibodies target similar short antigenic sites within the N proteins of SARS-CoV and porcine group 1 CoVs that are exposed to an immune response. Identification of the cross-reactive and non-cross-reactive N-protein C1 [Vlasova, Anastasia N.; Zhang, Xinsheng; Nagesha, Hadya S.; Saif, Linda J.] Ohio State Univ, Ohio Agr Res & Dev Ctr, Dept Vet Prevent Med, Food Anim Hlth Res Program, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. [Hasoksuz, Mustafa] Istanbul Univ, Fac Vet Med, Dept Virol, TR-34320 Istanbul, Turkey. [Haynes, Lia M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Div Viral Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Fang, Ying] S Dakota State Univ, Dept Vet Sci, Ctr Infect Dis Res & Vaccinol, Brookings, SD 57007 USA. [Lu, Shan] Univ Massachusetts, Sch Med, Dept Med, Worcester, MA 01605 USA. RP Saif, LJ (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Ohio Agr Res & Dev Ctr, Dept Vet Prevent Med, Food Anim Hlth Res Program, 1680 Madison Ave, Wooster, OH 44691 USA. EM saif.2@osu.edu RI Vlasova, Anastasia/C-2062-2016 FU NIAID NIH HHS [R21 AI062763] NR 61 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0022-538X J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD DEC PY 2007 VL 81 IS 24 BP 13365 EP 13377 DI 10.1128/JVI.01169-07 PG 13 WC Virology SC Virology GA 239XR UT WOS:000251552100009 PM 17913799 ER PT J AU Baskin, CR Bielefeldt-Ohmann, H Garcia-Sastre, A Tumpey, TM Van Hoeven, N Carter, VS Thomas, MJ Proll, S Solorzano, A Billharz, R Fornek, JL Thomas, S Chen, CH Clark, EA Murali-Krishna, K Katze, MG AF Baskin, C. R. Bielefeldt-Ohmann, H. Garcia-Sastre, A. Tumpey, T. M. Van Hoeven, N. Carter, V. S. Thomas, M. J. Proll, S. Solorzano, A. Billharz, R. Fornek, J. L. Thomas, S. Chen, C. -H. Clark, E. A. Murali-Krishna, Kaja Katze, M. G. TI Functional genomic and serological analysis of the protective immune response resulting from vaccination of macaques with an NS1-truncated influenza virus (vol 81, pg 1181, 2007) SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Correction C1 [Baskin, C. R.] Univ Washington, Dept Comparat Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Baskin, C. R.; Clark, E. A.; Murali-Krishna, Kaja; Katze, M. G.] Univ Washington, Washington Natl Primate Res Ctr, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Bielefeldt-Ohmann, H.] Colorado State Univ, Coll Vet Med & Biomed Sci, Dept Microbiol Immunol & Pathol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Garcia-Sastre, A.; Solorzano, A.] Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Microbiol, New York, NY 10029 USA. [Garcia-Sastre, A.] Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Med, New York, NY 10029 USA. [Garcia-Sastre, A.] Mt Sinai Sch Med, Div Infect Dis, New York, NY 10029 USA. [Garcia-Sastre, A.] Mt Sinai Sch Med, Emerging Pathogens Inst, New York, NY 10029 USA. [Tumpey, T. M.; Van Hoeven, N.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Carter, V. S.; Thomas, M. J.; Proll, S.; Billharz, R.; Fornek, J. L.; Clark, E. A.; Katze, M. G.] Univ Washington, Dept Microbiol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Thomas, S.; Chen, C. -H.; Clark, E. A.; Murali-Krishna, Kaja] Univ Washington, Dept Immunol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Baskin, CR (reprint author), Univ Washington, Dept Comparat Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RI Bielefeldt-Ohmann, Helle/A-3686-2010; Clark, Edward/K-3462-2012 NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0022-538X J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD DEC PY 2007 VL 81 IS 24 BP 13943 EP 13943 DI 10.1128/JVI.02223-07 PG 1 WC Virology SC Virology GA 239XR UT WOS:000251552100067 ER PT J AU Balaji, AB Claussen, AH Smith, DC Visser, SN Morales, MJ Perou, R AF Balaji, Alexandra B. Claussen, Angelika H. Smith, D. Camille Visser, Susanna N. Morales, Melody Johnson Perou, Ruth TI Social support networks and maternal mental health and well-being SO JOURNAL OF WOMENS HEALTH LA English DT Review ID SEXUALLY-TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS; DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOMS; SINGLE MOTHERS; ADOLESCENT MOTHERS; AFRICAN-AMERICAN; PRESCHOOL-CHILDREN; RANDOMIZED-TRIAL; FAMILY-STRUCTURE; HEADED FAMILIES; HOST-RESISTANCE AB The link between social networks and mental health has increasingly been recognized by public health as an important topic of interest. In this paper, we explore this association among a specific group: mothers. Specifically, we discuss how maternal mental health can be understood in the context of social networks, the influence of specific social relationships, and how the type and quality of support can mediate maternal mental health outcomes. We review interventions that foster social networks to address maternal mental health as well as other related health outcomes. Findings suggest that interventions that combine multiple treatment approaches may be more effective in addressing mental health. Also, traditional measures of social networks may not be appropriate for vulnerable populations, with qualitative, rather than quantitative, indicators of social networks being more predictive of maternal health and well-being. The implications of these findings and future research directions are discussed. C1 [Claussen, Angelika H.] CDC, NCBDDD, Div Human Dev & Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Balaji, Alexandra B.; Claussen, Angelika H.; Smith, D. Camille; Visser, Susanna N.; Morales, Melody Johnson; Perou, Ruth] Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Claussen, AH (reprint author), CDC, NCBDDD, Div Human Dev & Disabil, MS E-88 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM aclaussen@cdc.gov NR 104 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 4 U2 20 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1540-9996 J9 J WOMENS HEALTH JI J. Womens Health PD DEC PY 2007 VL 16 IS 10 BP 1386 EP 1396 DI 10.1089/jwh.2007.CDC10 PG 11 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Women's Studies SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Women's Studies GA 248MW UT WOS:000252158400001 PM 18062754 ER PT J AU Tsui, J Saraiya, M Thompson, T Dey, A Richardson, L AF Tsui, Jennifer Saraiya, Mona Thompson, Trevor Dey, Achintya Richardson, Lisa TI Cervical cancer screening among foreign-born women by birthplace and duration in the United States SO JOURNAL OF WOMENS HEALTH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 14th Annual Congress on Womens Health CY JUN 03-06, 2006 CL Hilton Head Isl, SC ID HEALTH INTERVIEW SURVEY; HUMAN-PAPILLOMAVIRUS VACCINE; VIETNAMESE-AMERICAN WOMEN; PACIFIC ISLANDER WOMEN; CITIZENSHIP STATUS; HISPANIC WOMEN; BREAST; IMMIGRANTS; INSURANCE; BEHAVIORS AB Objective: Mortality rates for cervical cancer have increased among foreign-born women in the United States in the last two decades. Previous research indicates that rates of Pap testing are lower among foreign-born women than in U.S.-born women. This study identifies screening rates among foreign-born women by birthplace and duration in the United States. Methods: We used data from 4 years (1998, 1999, 2000, 2003) of the National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) to estimate Pap testing rates by birthplace (Mexico, Central America, Caribbean, South America, Europe, Russia, Africa, Middle East, India, Asia, and Southeast Asia) and percent of lifetime spent in the United States for women aged >= 18 years (n = 70,775). Rates were age standardized to the 2000 U. S. population. Results: After adjusting for demographic characteristics and health indicators, we found that 18.6% (95% CI 16.7, 20.6) of recent immigrants (<25% of lifetime in the United States) and 9.9% (95% CI 9.0, 10.8) of established immigrants (>= 25% of lifetime in the United States) never received a Pap test in their lifetime compared with 5.8% (95% CI 5.5, 6.1) of U.S.-born women. Adjusted prevalence of never receiving a Pap test was highest among women from Asia, Southeast Asia, and India (19.6%), South America (12.7%), Mexico (11.2%), Caribbean (11.0%), Europe (9.9%), and Central America (9.2%). Conclusions: Significant differences exist in rates of screening for cervical cancer between foreign-born groups by birthplace and by duration in the United States. Nationally and locally funded screening programs may benefit from these findings in developing screening strategies for foreign-born women. C1 [Tsui, Jennifer] Assoc Sch Publ Hlth, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Saraiya, Mona; Thompson, Trevor; Richardson, Lisa] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Serv, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. [Dey, Achintya] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Coordinating Ctr Hlth Informat & Serv, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. RP Saraiya, M (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Epidemiol & Appl Res Branch, 4770 Buford Highway MS K-55, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM msaraiya@cdc.gov NR 53 TC 42 Z9 43 U1 2 U2 12 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1540-9996 J9 J WOMENS HEALTH JI J. Womens Health PD DEC PY 2007 VL 16 IS 10 BP 1447 EP 1457 DI 10.1089/jwh.2006.0279 PG 11 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Women's Studies SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Women's Studies GA 248MW UT WOS:000252158400008 PM 18062760 ER PT J AU Fischer, M Casey, C Chen, RT AF Fischer, Marc Casey, Christine Chen, Robert T. TI Promise of new Japanese encephalitis vaccines SO LANCET LA English DT Editorial Material ID CHILDREN C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Chief Sci Officer, Atlanta, GA USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV Hepatitis STD & TB, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Fischer, M (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM mxf2@cdc.gov NR 14 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU LANCET LTD PI LONDON PA 84 THEOBALDS RD, LONDON WC1X 8RR, ENGLAND SN 0140-6736 J9 LANCET JI Lancet PD DEC 1 PY 2007 VL 370 IS 9602 BP 1806 EP 1808 DI 10.1016/S0140-6736(07)61753-X PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 240LI UT WOS:000251588700006 PM 18061040 ER PT J AU Cheng, YS Zhou, Y Irvin, CM Kirkpatrick, B Backer, LC AF Cheng, Yung Sung Zhou, Yue Irvin, C. Mitch Kirkpatrick, Barbara Backer, Lorraine C. TI Characterization of aerosols containing microcystin SO MARINE DRUGS LA English DT Article DE blue-green algae; microcystin; aerosol; inhalation; exposure assessment; cyanobacteria ID FRESH-WATER CYANOBACTERIA; BLUE-GREEN-ALGAE; BURSTING BUBBLES; HUMAN EXPOSURE; FILM DROPS; JET DROPS; HEALTH; TOXINS; IMMUNOASSAY; NODULARINS AB Toxic blooms of cyanobacteria are ubiquitous in both freshwater and brackish water sources throughout the world. One class of cyanobacterial toxins, called microcystins, is cyclic peptides. In addition to ingestion and dermal, inhalation is a likely route of human exposure. A significant increase in reporting of minor symptoms, particularly respiratory symptoms was associated with exposure to higher levels of cyanobacteria during recreational activities. Algae cells, bacteria, and waterborne toxins can be aerosolized by a bubble-bursting process with a wind-driven white-capped wave mechanism. The purposes of this study were to: evaluate sampling and analysis techniques for microcystin aerosol, produce aerosol droplets containing microcystin in the laboratory, and deploy the sampling instruments in field studies. A high-volume impactor and an IOM filter sampler were tried first in the laboratory to collect droplets containing microcystins. Samples were extracted and analyzed for microcystin using an ELISA method. The laboratory study showed that cyanotoxins in water could be transferred to air via a bubble-bursting process. The droplets containing microcystins showed a bimodal size distribution with the mass median aerodynamic diameter (MMAD) of 1.4 and 27.8 mu m. The sampling and analysis methods were successfully used in a pilot field study to measure microcystin aerosol in situ. C1 [Cheng, Yung Sung; Zhou, Yue; Irvin, C. Mitch] Lovelace Resp Res Inst, Albuquerque, NM 87111 USA. [Kirkpatrick, Barbara] Mote Marine Lab, Sarasota, FL 34236 USA. [Backer, Lorraine C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Cheng, YS (reprint author), Lovelace Resp Res Inst, 2425 Ridgecrest SE, Albuquerque, NM 87111 USA. EM ycheng@LRRI.org; yzhou@LRRI.org; cirvin@LRRI.org; bkirkpat@mote.org; lfb9@cdc.gov FU NIEHS NIH HHS [P01 ES010594, P01 ES010594-07] NR 36 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 4 U2 29 PU MOLECULAR DIVERSITY PRESERVATION INT PI BASEL PA MATTHAEUSSTRASSE 11, CH-4057 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1660-3397 J9 MAR DRUGS JI Mar. Drugs PD DEC PY 2007 VL 5 IS 4 BP 136 EP 150 DI 10.3390/md504136 PG 15 WC Chemistry, Medicinal SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 247HC UT WOS:000252068000001 PM 18463733 ER PT J AU Fleming, LE Jerez, E Stephan, WB Cassedy, A Bean, JA Reich, A Kirkpatrick, B Backer, L Nierenberg, K Watkins, S Hollenbeck, J Weisman, R AF Fleming, Lora E. Jerez, Eva Stephan, Wendy Blair Cassedy, Amy Bean, Judy A. Reich, Andrew Kirkpatrick, Barbara Backer, Lorraine Nierenberg, Kate Watkins, Sharon Hollenbeck, Julie Weisman, Richard TI Evaluation of Harmful algal bloom outreach activities SO MARINE DRUGS LA English DT Article DE Poison Information Centers; Harmful algal bloom (HAB); outreach and education; Florida red tide; ciguatera fish poisoning; blue green algae; cyanobacteria; brevetoxins; ciguatoxins; human health effects; neurotoxic shellfish poisoning (NSP); paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP); Solutions to Avoid Red Tide (START); Karenia brevis ID FLORIDA RED TIDE; AEROSOLIZED BREVETOXINS; HUMAN HEALTH; EXPOSURES; EVENTS; TOXINS AB With an apparent increase of harmful algal blooms (HABs) worldwide, healthcare providers, public health personnel and coastal managers are struggling to provide scientifically-based appropriately-targeted HAB outreach and education. Since 1998, the Florida Poison Information Center-Miami, with its 24 hour/365 day/year free Aquatic Toxins Hotline (1-888-232-8635) available in several languages, has received over 25,000 HAB-related calls. As part of HAB surveillance, all possible cases of HAB-related illness among callers are reported to the Florida Health Department. This pilot study evaluated an automated call processing menu system that allows callers to access bilingual HAB information, and to speak directly with a trained Poison Information Specialist. The majority (68%) of callers reported satisfaction with the information, and many provided specific suggestions for improvement. This pilot study, the first known evaluation of use and satisfaction with HAB educational outreach materials, demonstrated that the automated system provided useful HAB-related information for the majority of callers, and decreased the routine informational call workload for the Poison Information Specialists, allowing them to focus on callers needing immediate assistance and their healthcare providers. These results will lead to improvement of this valuable HAB outreach, education and surveillance tool. Formal evaluation is recommended for future HAB outreach and educational materials. C1 [Fleming, Lora E.; Hollenbeck, Julie] Univ Miami, Rosenstiel Sch Marine & Atmospher Sci, NSF, NIEHS Oceans & Human Hlth Ctr, Miami, FL 33136 USA. [Jerez, Eva; Stephan, Wendy Blair; Weisman, Richard] Univ Miami, Miller Sch Med, Dept Pediat, S Florida Poison Informat Ctr, Miami, FL 33136 USA. [Jerez, Eva; Stephan, Wendy Blair; Weisman, Richard] Jackson Hlth Syst, Miami, FL 33136 USA. [Cassedy, Amy; Bean, Judy A.] Cincinnati Childrens Hosp Med Ctr, Cincinnati, OH 45244 USA. [Reich, Andrew; Watkins, Sharon] Florida Dept Hlth, Aquat Toxins Grp, Tallahassee, FL 32399 USA. [Kirkpatrick, Barbara; Nierenberg, Kate] Mote Marine Lab, Sarasota, FL 34236 USA. [Backer, Lorraine] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Fleming, LE (reprint author), Univ Miami, Sch Med, Dept Epidemiol & Publ Hlth, Clin Res Bldg,10th Floor R 669,1120 NW 14th St, Miami, FL 33136 USA. EM lfleming@med.miami.edu FU NIEHS NIH HHS [P01 ES010594, P01 ES010594-07, P30 ES005705, P50 ES012736] NR 29 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 2 U2 11 PU MOLECULAR DIVERSITY PRESERVATION INT PI BASEL PA MATTHAEUSSTRASSE 11, CH-4057 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1660-3397 J9 MAR DRUGS JI Mar. Drugs PD DEC PY 2007 VL 5 IS 4 BP 208 EP 219 DI 10.3390/md504208 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Medicinal SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 247HC UT WOS:000252068000007 PM 18463727 ER PT J AU Selby, JV Swain, BE Gerzoff, RB Karter, AJ Waitzfelder, BE Brown, AF Ackermann, RT Duru, OK Ferrara, A Herman, W Marrero, DG Caputo, D Narayan, KMV AF Selby, Joe V. Swain, Bix E. Gerzoff, Robert B. Karter, Andrew J. Waitzfelder, Beth E. Brown, Arleen F. Ackermann, Ronald T. Duru, O. Kenrik Ferrara, Assiamira Herman, William Marrero, David G. Caputo, Dorothy Narayan, K. M. Venkat CA TRIAD Study Group TI Understanding the gap between good processes of diabetes care and poor intermediate outcomes - Translating research into action for diabetes (TRIAD) SO MEDICAL CARE LA English DT Article DE diabetes mellitus; quality of health care; disparities; socioeconomic factors; hypertension; hyperlipidemias ID QUALITY-OF-CARE; MANAGED-CARE; SOCIOECONOMIC POSITION; MEDICATION COSTS; HEALTH SURVEY; DISPARITIES; DISEASE; ADULTS; STRATEGIES; PHYSICIAN AB Background: Performance of diabetes clinical care processes has improved recently, but control of hemoglobin Alc (Alc) and other vascular disease risk factors has improved more slowly. Objectives: To identify patient factors associated with control of vascular disease risk factors among diabetes patients receiving recommended care processes. Population: Managed care enrollees who participated in the TRIAD (Translating Research into Action for Diabetes) Study and received at least 5 of 7 recommended care processes during the 12 months before the second survey (2002-2003). Methods: Comparison of 1003 patients with good control of Ale (< 8%), systolic blood pressure (< 140 mm Hg) and LDL-cholesterol (< 130 mg/dL) versus 812 patients with poor control for at least 2 of these factors. Results: Poorly controlled patients were younger, more frequently female, African American, with lower education and income (P < 0.001 for each). General health status was lower, body mass index higher, and insulin treatment more frequent; history of prior coronary heart disease was less frequent. They were more likely to indicate depression and hopelessness and to identify costs as a barrier to self-care; less likely to report trust in their regular physician; and more likely to smoke cigarettes and be physically inactive. Adjusting for demographic and clinical variables, concerns about costs, low trust in one's physician, current smoking, and physical inactivity remained associated with poor control. However, inclusion of these 4 variables in a single model did not diminish associations of race/ethnicity or education with control. Conclusions: Clinical, socioeconomic, psychosocial, and behavioral factors were independently associated with poor control. However, these factors did not fully explain observed racial and socioeconomic disparities in control. C1 Kaiser Permanente Med Care Program, Div Res, Oakland, CA 94611 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Diabet Translat, Atlanta, GA USA. Pacific Hlth Res Inst, Honolulu, HI USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Med, David Geffen Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Indiana Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Indianapolis, IN USA. Univ Michigan, Sch Med, Ann Arbor, MI USA. Univ Med & Dent New Jersey, Ctr Continuing & Outreach Educ, Newark, NJ 07103 USA. Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Selby, JV (reprint author), Kaiser Permanente, Div Res, 2000 Broadway,1st Floor, Oakland, CA 94612 USA. EM joe.selby@kp.org RI Narayan, K.M. Venkat /J-9819-2012 OI Narayan, K.M. Venkat /0000-0001-8621-5405 NR 52 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 2 U2 6 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0025-7079 J9 MED CARE JI Med. Care PD DEC PY 2007 VL 45 IS 12 BP 1144 EP 1153 PG 10 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 239ST UT WOS:000251538700005 PM 18007164 ER PT J AU Kagawa-Singer, M Pourat, N Breen, N Coughlin, S McLean, TA McNeel, TS Ponce, NA AF Kagawa-Singer, Marjorie Pourat, Nadereh Breen, Nancy Coughlin, Steven McLean, Teresa Abend McNeel, Timothy S. Ponce, Ninez A. TI Breast and cervical cancer screening rates of subgroups of Asian American women in california SO MEDICAL CARE RESEARCH AND REVIEW LA English DT Article DE breast cancer; cervical cancer; Asian American; mammography; Papanicolaou test ID PACIFIC ISLANDER; UNITED-STATES; POPULATION; SURVIVAL AB Although breast and cervical cancer screening rates for Asian American (AA) women are the lowest of any ethnic group in California, few causes for this are known. The authors used the 2001 California Health Interview Survey, conducted in five Asian languages, to conduct the first evaluation of Pap and mammography screening rates for a representative sample of 2,239 AA women. Wide variations in screening rates were found among the seven different subgroups of AA women studied: adjusted Pap test use ranged from 81% (Filipina Americans) to 61% (Vietnamese Americans). Mammography rates ranged from 78% (Japanese Americans) to 53% (Korean Americans). Disaggregating the AA data and using separate multivariate logistic regressions revealed that different factors were independently associated with the low screening rates for each subgroup. The measurement of additional contextual information is needed to identify structural barriers and community resources to provide clearer guidance for the design of effective screening promotion programs for AA subpopulations. C1 Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. Natl Canc Inst, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Kagawa-Singer, M (reprint author), Univ Calif Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90024 USA. EM mkagawa@ucla.edu OI Ponce, Ninez/0000-0001-5151-6718 FU NCI NIH HHS [1 K07 CA100097] NR 43 TC 55 Z9 55 U1 1 U2 4 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 1077-5587 J9 MED CARE RES REV JI Med. Care Res. Rev. PD DEC PY 2007 VL 64 IS 6 BP 706 EP 730 DI 10.1177/1077558707304638 PG 25 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services SC Health Care Sciences & Services GA 233KT UT WOS:000251090500005 PM 17804823 ER PT J AU Brown, DR Galuska, DA Zhang, J Eaton, DK Fulton, JE Lowry, R Maynard, LM AF Brown, David R. Galuska, Deborah A. Zhang, Jian Eaton, Danice K. Fulton, Janet E. Lowry, Richard Maynard, L. Michele TI Physical activity, sport participation, and suicidal behavior: US high school students SO MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE LA English DT Article DE exercise; athleticism; suicide ideation; suicide attempt; adolescents; youth ID BODY-MASS INDEX; RISK BEHAVIOR; ASSOCIATIONS; ADOLESCENTS; DEPRESSION; IDEATION; FITNESS; EXAMINE; LIFE AB BROWN, D. R., D. A. GALUSKA, J. ZHANG, D. K. EATON, J. E. FULTON, R. LOWRY, and L. M. MAYNARD. Physical Activity, Sport Participation, and Suicidal Behavior: U.S. High School Students. Med. Sci. Sports Exerc., Vol. 39, No. 12, pp. 2248-2257, 2007. Purpose: To evaluate the associations of physical activity and sports team participation with suicidal behavior among U.S. high school students. Methods: Data were from the 2003 Youth Risk Behavior Survey (N = 10,530 respondents). Exposure variables included physical activity (inactive, insufficient, moderately intensive, regular vigorously intensive, and frequent vigorously intensive) and sports team participation. Outcome variables were suicide ideation (seriously considering and/or planning suicide) and suicide attempts. Hierarchical logistic regressions were run, controlling for age, race, smoking, alcohol use, drug use, geographic region, unhealthy weight-control practices, and body mass index/weight perceptions. Results: Compared with inactive students or sports team nonparticipants, the odds of suicide ideation were lower among boys reporting frequent vigorous-intensity physical activity (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) = 0.48; 95% confidence interval (CH = 0.29, 0.79) and sports team participation, respectively (AOR = 0.65; 95% Cl = 0.48, 0.86). The odds of suicide attempts were also lower among frequently vigorously active boys (AOR = 0.44; 95% Cl = 0.21, 0.96) and sports team participants (AOR = 0.61; 95% Cl = 0.40 0.93). The odds of suicide attempts were lower for regular vigorously active girls compared with inactive girls (AOR = 0.67; 95% Cl = 0.45, 0.99) and sports team participants compared with nonparticipants (AOR = 0.73; 95% Cl = 0.57, 0.94). Associations with one exposure variable generally weakened when adjustment was made for the other exposure variable, or for feeling sad and hopeless. Conclusions: The association of physical activity and sports team participation with suicide ideation and suicide attempts varied by sex. Further research is needed to clarify these different associations. C1 [Brown, David R.; Galuska, Deborah A.; Zhang, Jian; Fulton, Janet E.; Maynard, L. Michele] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Nutr Phys Activity & Obesity, Phys Activity & Hlth Branch, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Eaton, Danice K.; Lowry, Richard] Div Adolescent & Sch Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Brown, DR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Nutr Phys Activity & Obesity, Phys Activity & Hlth Branch, Mailstop K-46,4770 Buford Hwy, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM DBrown@cdc.gov NR 35 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 4 U2 10 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0195-9131 J9 MED SCI SPORT EXER JI Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. PD DEC PY 2007 VL 39 IS 12 BP 2248 EP 2257 DI 10.1249/mss.0b013e31815793a3 PG 10 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA 240DW UT WOS:000251568400020 PM 18046198 ER PT J AU Macoris, MDD Andrighetti, MTM Otrera, VCG de Carvalho, LR Caldas, AL Brogdon, WG AF da Grao Macoris, Maria de Lourdes Macoris Andrighetti, Maria Teresa Garbeloto Otrera, Vanessa Camargo de Carvalho, Lidia Raquel Caldas Junior, Antonio Luiz Brogdon, William G. TI Association of insecticide use and alteration on Aedes aegypti susceptibility status SO MEMORIAS DO INSTITUTO OSWALDO CRUZ LA English DT Article DE Aedes aegypti; resistance to insecticides; vector control ID RIO-DE-JANEIRO; SAO-PAULO; RESISTANCE; BRAZIL; ORGANOPHOSPHATES; TEMEPHOS; MUNICIPALITIES; POPULATIONS; CULICIDAE; DIPTERA AB Dengue and dengue hemorrhagic fever, vector-borne diseases transmitted by the mosquito Acdes aegypti, are presently important public health problems in Brazil. As the strategy for disease control is based on vector control through the use of insecticides, the development of resistance is a threat to programs efficacy. The objective of this study was to compare the Acdes aegypti susceptibility in nine vector populations from the state of Sao Paulo and seven from Northeast region of Brazil, since there was a difference on group of insecticide used between the areas. Bioassays with larvae and adult were performed according to the World Health Organization methods. The results showed higher resistance levels to organophosphates group in populations from the Northeast region where this group was used for both larvae and adult control than in Sao Paulo where organophosphates were used for larvae and pyretroids for adult control. Resistance to pyretroids in adults was widespread in Sao Paulo after ten years of use of cypermethrin while in vector populations from the Northeast region it was punctual. The difference in resistance profile between the areas is in accordance to the group of insecticide used. C1 [da Grao Macoris, Maria de Lourdes; Macoris Andrighetti, Maria Teresa; Garbeloto Otrera, Vanessa Camargo] SUCEN, Nucleo Pesquisa, BR-17506040 Sao Paulo, Brazil. [de Carvalho, Lidia Raquel] Univ Estadual Paulista, Inst Biociencias, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Caldas Junior, Antonio Luiz] Univ Estadual Paulista, Fac Med, Sao Paulo, Brazil. [Brogdon, William G.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Macoris, MDD (reprint author), SUCEN, Nucleo Pesquisa, SR 11-Marilia,Av Santo Antonio 1627, BR-17506040 Sao Paulo, Brazil. EM macoris@sucen.sp.gov.br RI Caldas Jr, Arnaldo/G-7431-2014 NR 29 TC 28 Z9 33 U1 1 U2 4 PU FUNDACO OSWALDO CRUZ PI RIO DE JANEIRO, RJ PA AV BRASIL 4365, 21045-900 RIO DE JANEIRO, RJ, BRAZIL SN 0074-0276 J9 MEM I OSWALDO CRUZ JI Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz PD DEC PY 2007 VL 102 IS 8 BP 895 EP 900 PG 6 WC Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA 253CZ UT WOS:000252497600001 ER PT J AU Guarner, J Bartlett, J Shieh, WJ Paddock, CD Visvesvara, GS Zaki, SR AF Guarner, Jeannette Bartlett, Jeanine Shieh, Wun-Ju Paddock, Christopher D. Visvesvara, Govinda S. Zaki, Sherif R. TI Histopathologic spectrum and immunohistochemical diagnosis of amebic meningoencephalitis SO MODERN PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE immunohistochemistry; meningoencephalitis; free-living ameba; Naegleria fowleri; Balamuthia sp.; Acanthamoeba spp. ID FREE-LIVING AMEBA; BALAMUTHIA-MANDRILLARIS; NAEGLERIA-FOWLERI; ACANTHAMOEBA; ENCEPHALITIS; INFECTIONS; ANTIBODIES; DISEASE; PATIENT; LESIONS AB Traditionally, Naegleria fowleri infections are labeled primary amebic meningoencephalitis because of prominent meningeal neutrophilic inflammation. Acanthamoeba spp. and Balamuthia mandrillaris are labeled granulomatous amebic encephalitis because of parenchymal granulomatous inflammation. We compared histopathologic and immunohistochemical features of 18 cases with central nervous system free-living ameba infections. Immunohistochemical assays using polyclonal antibodies that reacted specifically against each genus identified 11 patients with Balamuthia infection, four with N. fowleri, and three with Acanthamoeba. Immunohistochemical assays highlighted the presence of trophozoites that were difficult to identify with hematoxylin and eosin stains in areas of necrosis or where macrophages were abundant. Immunohistochemical assays also demonstrated the presence of granular antigens inside macrophages and blood vessel walls. Amebic cysts were observed in three patients with Acanthamoeba infection and in three with Balamuthia. Patients with Acanthamoeba infection showed granulomatous inflammation. Patients with Naegleria infection had neutrophilic inflammation. Balamuthia infections showed a spectrum of inflammation that ranged from primarily neutrophils to granulomas. Meningitis was present in 88% of cases. Immunohistochemical assays were useful to demonstrate the presence of granular antigens and confirmed the genus of the ameba. The spectrum of inflammation in cases of Balamuthia meningoencephalitis is broader than previously described. The term amebic meningoencephalitis describes better the histopathologic findings than the currently used classification of primary amebic meningoencephalitis and granulomatous amebic encephalitis. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Infect Dis Pathol Branch, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Guarner, J (reprint author), Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pathol, 1405 Clifton Rd,NE, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. EM Jeanette.Guarner@choa.org RI Guarner, Jeannette/B-8273-2013 NR 29 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 3 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK STREET, 9TH FLOOR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 0893-3952 J9 MODERN PATHOL JI Mod. Pathol. PD DEC PY 2007 VL 20 IS 12 BP 1230 EP 1237 DI 10.1038/modpathol.3800973 PG 8 WC Pathology SC Pathology GA 234LM UT WOS:000251165600002 PM 17932496 ER PT J AU Mayta, H Hancock, K Levine, MZ Gilman, RH Farfan, MJ Verastegui, M Lane, WS Garcia, HH Gonzalez, AE Tsang, VCW AF Mayta, Holger Hancock, Kathy Levine, Min Z. Gilman, Robert H. Farfan, Marilu J. Verastegui, Manuela Lane, William S. Garcia, Hector H. Gonzalez, Armando E. Tsang, Victor C. W. TI Characterization of a novel Taenia solium oncosphere antigen SO MOLECULAR AND BIOCHEMICAL PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Taenia solium; cysticercosis; taeniasis; cDNA; protein sequencing ID PORCINE CYSTICERCOSIS; NEUROCYSTICERCOSIS; SAGINATA; OVIS; FIBRONECTIN; VACCINATION; PIGS; SPECIFICITIES; PREVALENCE; EXPRESSION AB Infections due to Taenia solium in humans (taeniasis/cysticercosis) remain a complex health problem, particularly in developing countries. We identified two oncosphere proteins that might protect the porcine intermediate host against cysticercosis and therefore help prevent disease in humans. One of these proteins was further identified by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and micro-sequencing. The gene encoding this protective protein was also identified, cloned and characterized. The native 31.5 kDa protein Tso31 has four variants at the cDNA level. The longest sequence from which the others seem to derive, encodes a 253 amino acid peptide. The predicted protein has a molecular weight of 25.1 kDa, one putative N-glycosylation site, two fibronectin type III domains, and one C terminal transmembrane domain. The gene structure of the protein consists of four exons and three introns. The finding of one gene and four different cDNAs for Tso31 suggests the existence of a possible mechanism of differential splicing in this parasite. The Tso31 protein is exclusive to T solium oncospheres with a putative protein structure of an extra-cellular receptor-like protein. The Tso31 protein was expressed as a recombinant protein fused to GST and tested in a vaccine to determine its effectiveness in protecting pigs against cysticercosis. Only two pigs out of eight vaccinated were protected and although the total median number of cyst decreased in vaccinated pigs compared to controls this decrease was not statistically significant (P=0.09). (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Int Hlth, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. Univ Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Fac Ciencias & Filosofia, Dept Microbiol, Lima, Peru. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, DPD, NCID, Atlanta, GA USA. Harvard Univ, Microchem & Proteom Anal Facil, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. Inst Nacl Ciencias Neurol, Cysticercosis Unit, Lima, Peru. Univ Nacl Mayor San Marcos, Sch Vet Med, Lima 14, Peru. RP Gilman, RH (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Int Hlth, 615 N Wolfe St W5515, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. EM Rgilman@jhsph.edu FU FIC NIH HHS [D43 TW006581]; NIAID NIH HHS [P01 AI051976-01, P01 AI051976, P01 AI 52976-01] NR 36 TC 10 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-6851 J9 MOL BIOCHEM PARASIT JI Mol. Biochem. Parasitol. PD DEC PY 2007 VL 156 IS 2 BP 154 EP 161 DI 10.1016/j.molbiopara.2007.07.017 PG 8 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Parasitology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Parasitology GA 233NB UT WOS:000251096500007 PM 17850901 ER PT J AU Gilliam, LK Liese, AD Bloch, CA Davis, C Snively, BM Curb, D Williams, DE Pihoker, C AF Gilliam, Lisa K. Liese, Angela D. Bloch, Clifford A. Davis, Cralen Snively, Beverly M. Curb, David Williams, Desmond E. Pihoker, Catherine CA SEARCH Diabet Youth Study Grp TI Family history of diabetes, autoimmunity, and risk factors for cardiovascular disease among children with diabetes in the SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth Study SO PEDIATRIC DIABETES LA English DT Article DE adolescents/children; autoimmunity; cardiovascular risk; family history; type 1/type 2 ID MELLITUS; TYPE-2; RELATIVES; ADOLESCENTS; PREVALENCE; IDDM; AUTOANTIBODIES; CHILDHOOD; DIAGNOSIS AB Background: While type I diabetes and type 2 diabetes (T2D) are considered etiologically distinct, mixed features of autoimmunity and insulin resistance are increasingly common. We explored a familial contribution to this admixture by evaluating diabetes family history (FH) and its relationship to diabetes type, ethnicity, age at diagnosis, and cardiovascular risk factors in SEARCH for Diabetes in Youth Study participants. Methods: Diabetes FH was assessed by questionnaire with FH, categories defined by relative's(s') age at diagnosis as follows: <25 (early FH), >= 25 (later FH), and both <25 and >= 25 (mixed FH). Diabetes type was classified based on a biochemical algorithm using diabetes autoantibodies and fasting C-peptide (FCP). Results: A positive FH was common in all diabetes types, particularly T2D (83%). Minorities were more likely to have a positive FH than non-Hispanic Whites [odds ratio (OR) 1.96, 95% confidence interval (Cl) 1.69-2.27]. The likelihood of having an early FH decreased with age at diagnosis (OR 0.95, 95% CI 0.93-0.98), and the likelihood of having a later/mixed or any positive FH increased with age (OR 1.03, 95%, CI 1.01-1.04; OR 1.03, 95% CI 1.02-1.05, respectively). Higher FCP concentrations and less desirable values for almost all cardiovascular risk factors were associated with a later/mixed FH. The association between a later/mixed FH and FCP, body mass index, waist circumference, triglycerides, and high-density lipoprotein remained significant in a subgroup of autoimmune participants. Conclusions: Later FH confers cardiovascular risk factors in diabetic youth, including those youth with islet cell autoimmunity. This characterization of diabetes FH may provide a better understanding of familial contributors to diabetes. C1 [Gilliam, Lisa K.] Univ Washington, Dept Med, Seattle, WA USA. [Liese, Angela D.] Univ S Carolina, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, Columbia, SC USA. [Bloch, Clifford A.] Univ Colorado, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Denver, CO USA. [Davis, Cralen; Snively, Beverly M.] Wake Forest Univ, Sch Med, Dept Publ Hlth, Winston Salem, NC 27109 USA. [Curb, David] Pacific Hlth Res Inst, Honolulu, HI USA. [Williams, Desmond E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Diabet & Translat, Atlanta, GA USA. [Pihoker, Catherine] Univ Washington, Dept Pediat, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Gilliam, LK (reprint author), Univ Washington, Div Metab Endocrinol & Nutr, Dept Internal Med, Box 357710, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. EM lgilliam@u.washington.edu FU NCCDPHP CDC HHS [U01 DP000245, U01 DP000247, U01 DP000244, U01 DP000246, U01 DP000254, U01 DP000248, U01 DP000250]; NCRR NIH HHS [M01 RR00069, M01 RR08084, M01 RR01070, M01RR00037, M01RR001271]; PHS HHS [PA 00097] NR 27 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 4 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1399-543X J9 PEDIATR DIABETES JI Pediatr. Diabetes PD DEC PY 2007 VL 8 IS 6 BP 354 EP 361 DI 10.1111/j.1399-5448.2007.00241.x PG 8 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Pediatrics SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Pediatrics GA 254GI UT WOS:000252574000003 PM 18036060 ER PT J AU Yorita, KL Holman, RC Steiner, CA Effler, PV Miyamura, J Forbes, S Anderson, LJ Balaraman, V AF Yorita, Krista L. Holman, Robert C. Steiner, Claudia A. Effler, Paul V. Miyamura, Jill Forbes, Susan Anderson, Larry J. Balaraman, Venkataraman TI Severe bronchiolitis and respiratory syncytial virus among young children in Hawaii SO PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE respiratory syncytial virus; RSV; bronchiolitis; pneumonia; hospitalizations; epidemiology; children; infants; Hawaii ID TRACT INFECTIONS; US CHILDREN; UNITED-STATES; COUNTRIES; HOSPITALIZATIONS; POPULATION; MORTALITY; INFANTS; DEATHS; RISK AB Background: Lower respiratory tract infections are a leading cause of hospitalization and mortality among children worldwide. Our objective was to describe the incidence and epidemiology of severe bronchiolitis, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), and pneumonia among children in Hawaii. Methods: Retrospective analysis of the patient-linked hospital discharge data associated with bronchiolitis, RSV, and pneumonia among Hawaii residents younger than 5 years of age during 1997 through 2004 using the Hawaii State Inpatient Database. Results: During 1997 through 2004, the average annual incidence rates for bronchiolitis, RSV, and pneumonia were 3.8, 2.7, and 6.8 per 1000 children younger than 5 years, respectively. The incidence of each condition was higher for infants younger than 1 year (15.1, 9.8, and 15.9 per 1000 infants, respectively) than the incidence for children 1-4 years of age, and higher for boys compared with girls. The incidence of each condition was highest among Native Hawaiian and other Pacific Islander children compared with children of other race groups living in Hawaii. Most hospitalizations occurred during the months of October through February. Estimated median hospital charges were $4806 (bronchiolifs), $5465 (RSV) and $5240 (pneumonia), with overall average annual charges of $11.5 million. Conclusion: The incidence and hospitalization rates for bronchiolitis, RSV, and pneumonia among children younger than 5 years of age in Hawaii were low; the corresponding hospitalization rates were lower than those for the general U.S. population. However, the hospitalization rates for each condition among Hawaiian and other Pacific Islander children were much higher than those for other race groups or for the U.S. population. C1 US Dept HHS, Off Director, DVRD, NCID,Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. US Dept HHS, Helathcare Cost & Util Project, Ctr Delivery Org & Markets, Agcy Healthcare Res & Qual, Rockville, MD USA. Hawaii Dept Hlth, Honolulu, HI USA. Hawaii Hlth Informat Corp, Honolulu, HI USA. Univ Hawaii, John A Burns Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. Kapiolani Med Specialists, Honolulu, HI USA. US Dept HHS, Resp & Enter Dis Branch, DVRD, NCID,CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Yorita, KL (reprint author), US Dept HHS, Off Director, DVRD, NCID,Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, MS A-39, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM KYorita@cdc.gov NR 41 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0891-3668 J9 PEDIATR INFECT DIS J JI Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. PD DEC PY 2007 VL 26 IS 12 BP 1081 EP 1088 DI 10.1097/INF.0b013e31812e62c2 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics GA 238IF UT WOS:000251440100001 PM 18043442 ER PT J AU Tomashek, KM Wallman, C AF Tomashek, Kay Marie Wallman, Carol CA Com Fet TI Cobedding twins and higher-order multiples in a hospital setting SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Editorial Material ID HEART-RATE ACCELERATIONS; INTENSIVE-CARE-UNIT; INFANT-DEATH-SYNDROME; PRETERM INFANTS; RISK; POPULATION; BIRTH; ENVIRONMENT; MORTALITY; PATTERNS RP Tomashek, KM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, US Publ Hlth Serv, Epidemiol Activity Dengue Branch, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, 1324 CAlle Canada, San Juan, PR 00920 USA. EM kct9@cdc.gov NR 46 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD DEC PY 2007 VL 120 IS 6 BP 1359 EP 1366 DI 10.1542/peds.2006-3096 PG 8 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 236PZ UT WOS:000251317200035 PM 18055686 ER PT J AU Brown, JS Kulldorff, M Chan, KA Davis, RL Graham, D Pettus, PT Andrade, SE Raebel, MA Herrinton, L Roblin, D Boudreau, D Smith, D Gurwitz, JH Gunter, MJ Platt, R AF Brown, Jeffrey S. Kulldorff, Martin Chan, K. Arnold Davis, Robert L. Graham, David Pettus, Parker T. Andrade, Susan E. Raebel, Marsha A. Herrinton, Lisa Roblin, Douglas Boudreau, Denise Smith, David Gurwitz, Jerry H. Gunter, Margaret J. Platt, Richard TI Early detection of adverse drug events within population-based health networks: application of sequential testing methods SO PHARMACOEPIDEMIOLOGY AND DRUG SAFETY LA English DT Article DE adverse drug event; methodology; sequential analysis; drug safety surveillance; SPRT ID VACCINE SAFETY; SURVEILLANCE; RISK AB Purpose Active surveillance of population-based health networks may improve the timeliness of detection of adverse drug events (ADEs). Active monitoring requires sequential analysis methods. Our objectives were to (1) evaluate the utility of automated healthcare claims data for near real-time drug adverse event surveillance and (2) identify key methodological issues related to the use of healthcare claims data for real-time drug safety surveillance. Methods We assessed the ability to detect ADEs using historical data from nine health plans involved in the HMO Research Network's Center for Education and Research on Therapeutics (CERT). Analyses were performed using a maximized sequential probability ratio test (maxSPRT). Five drug-event pairs representing known associations with an ADE and two pairs representing 'negative controls' were analyzed. Results Statistically significant (p < 0.05) signals of excess risk were found in four of the five drug-event pairs representing known associations; no signals were found for the negative controls. Signals were detected between 13 and 39 months after the start of surveillance. There was substantial variation in the number of exposed and expected events at signal detection. Conclusions Prospective, periodic evaluation of routinely collected data can provide population-based estimates of medication-related adverse event rates to support routine, timely post-marketing surveillance for selected ADEs. Copyright (c) 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [Brown, Jeffrey S.; Kulldorff, Martin; Pettus, Parker T.; Platt, Richard] Harvard Med Sch, Harvard Pilgrim Hlth Care, Dept Ambulatory Care & Prevent, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Brown, Jeffrey S.; Pettus, Parker T.; Andrade, Susan E.; Raebel, Marsha A.; Herrinton, Lisa; Roblin, Douglas; Boudreau, Denise; Smith, David; Gurwitz, Jerry H.; Gunter, Margaret J.; Platt, Richard] HMO Res Network Ctr Educ & Res Therapeut, Boston, MA USA. [Chan, K. Arnold] Harvard Sch Publ Hlth, Boston, MA USA. [Chan, K. Arnold] i3 Drug Safety, Waltham, MA USA. [Davis, Robert L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunizat Safety Off, Atlanta, GA USA. [Graham, David] Off Drug Safety Food & Drug Adm, Rockville, MD USA. [Andrade, Susan E.; Gurwitz, Jerry H.] Univ Massachusetts, Fallon Fdn, Sch Med, Meyers Primary Care Inst,Fallon Commun Hlth Plan, Worcester, MA USA. [Raebel, Marsha A.] Kaiser Permanente, Denver, CO USA. [Herrinton, Lisa] Kaiser Permanente Northern Calif, Oakland, CA USA. [Roblin, Douglas] Kaiser Permanente, Atlanta, GA USA. [Boudreau, Denise] Ctr Hlth Studies, Grp Hlth Cooperat, Seattle, WA USA. [Smith, David] Kaiser Permanente NW, Portland, OR USA. [Gunter, Margaret J.] Lovelace Clin Fdn, Albuquerque, NM USA. RP Brown, JS (reprint author), Harvard Med Sch, Harvard Pilgrim Hlth Care, Dept Ambulatory Care & Prevent, 133 Brookline Ave,6th Flr, Boston, MA 02215 USA. EM jeff_brown@harvardpilgrim.org RI Kulldorff, Martin/H-4282-2011; OI Chan, Kinwei/0000-0001-8161-1986; Kulldorff, Martin/0000-0002-5284-2993 FU AHRQ HHS [2U19HS010391] NR 17 TC 62 Z9 62 U1 0 U2 3 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 1053-8569 J9 PHARMACOEPIDEM DR S JI Pharmacoepidemiol. Drug Saf. PD DEC PY 2007 VL 16 IS 12 BP 1275 EP 1284 DI 10.1002/pds.1509 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 244SX UT WOS:000251886700004 PM 17955500 ER PT J AU Rosenthal, IM Zhang, M Williams, KN Peloquin, CA Tyagi, S Vernon, AA Bishai, WR Chaisson, RE Grosset, JH Nuermberger, EL AF Rosenthal, Ian M. Zhang, Ming Williams, Kathy N. Peloquin, Charles A. Tyagi, Sandeep Vernon, Andrew A. Bishai, William R. Chaisson, Richard E. Grosset, Jacques H. Nuermberger, Eric L. TI Daily dosing of rifapentine cures tuberculosis in three months or less in the murine model SO PLOS MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS; MYCOBACTERIUM-TUBERCULOSIS; CONTAINING REGIMENS; CONTINUATION PHASE; DRUG DEVELOPMENT; MOXIFLOXACIN; THERAPY; TWICE; PHARMACOKINETICS; RIFAMPICIN AB Background Availability of an ultra-short-course drug regimen capable of curing patients with tuberculosis in 2 to 3 mo would significantly improve global control efforts. Because immediate prospects for novel treatment-shortening drugs remain uncertain, we examined whether better use of existing drugs could shorten the duration of treatment. Rifapentine is a long-lived rifamycin derivative currently recommended only in once-weekly continuation-phase regimens. Moxifloxacin is an 8-methoxyfluoroquinolone currently used in second-line regimens. Methods and Findings Using a well-established mouse model with a high bacterial burden and human-equivalent drug dosing, we compared the efficacy of rifapentine- and moxifloxacin-containing regimens with that of the standard daily short-course regimen based on rifampin, isoniazid, and pyrazinamide. Bactericidal activity was assessed by lung colony-forming unit counts, and sterilizing activity was assessed by the proportion of mice with culture-positive relapse after 2, 3, 4, and 6 mo of treatment. Here, we demonstrate that replacing rifampin with rifapentine and isoniazid with moxifloxacin dramatically increased the activity of the standard daily regimen. After just 2 mo of treatment, mice receiving rifapentine- and moxifloxacin-containing regimens were found to have negative lung cultures, while those given the standard regimen still harbored 3.17 log(10) colony-forming units in the lungs (p < 0.01). No relapse was observed after just 3 mo of treatment with daily and thrice-weekly administered rifapentine- and moxifloxacin-containing regimens, whereas the standard daily regimen required 6 mo to prevent relapse in all mice. Conclusions Rifapentine should no longer be viewed solely as a rifamycin for once-weekly administration. Our results suggest that treatment regimens based on daily and thrice-weekly administration of rifapentine and moxifloxacin may permit shortening the current 6 mo duration of treatment to 3 mo or less. Such regimens warrant urgent clinical investigation. C1 [Rosenthal, Ian M.; Zhang, Ming; Williams, Kathy N.; Tyagi, Sandeep; Bishai, William R.; Chaisson, Richard E.; Grosset, Jacques H.; Nuermberger, Eric L.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Ctr TB Res, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Rosenthal, Ian M.; Bishai, William R.; Chaisson, Richard E.; Nuermberger, Eric L.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Int Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. [Peloquin, Charles A.] Natl Jewish Med & Res Ctr, Infect Dis Pharmacokinet Lab, Denver, CO USA. [Vernon, Andrew A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Nuermberger, EL (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Ctr TB Res, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. EM enuermb@jhmi.edu FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI58993, R01 AI043846, AI43846, K08 AI058993]; NIBIB NIH HHS [EB005094, F31 EB005094]; PHS HHS [N0140007] NR 33 TC 133 Z9 136 U1 3 U2 14 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1549-1277 J9 PLOS MED JI PLos Med. PD DEC PY 2007 VL 4 IS 12 BP 1931 EP 1939 AR e344 DI 10.1371/journal.pmed.0040344 PG 9 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 244OG UT WOS:000251874600015 PM 18092886 ER PT J AU Colley, DG Secor, WE AF Colley, Daniel G. Secor, W. Evan TI A Schistosomiasis Research Agenda SO PLOS NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES LA English DT Article ID PRAZIQUANTEL; MANSONI AB There is a long and rich history of research and control in the field of schistosomiasis that has resulted in major scientific and public health accomplishments. Examples of such findings and accomplishments include immunologic regulation in chronic infections [1], the association of helminth infections with Th1-regulating Th2-type immune responses [2], the critical role of interleukin-13 in fibrogenesis [3], and the development and validation of the "dose pole'' for determining praziquantel dosages in the field [4,5]. Perhaps in part because of this broad and successful history, those who work on schistosomiasis come from a wide variety of backgrounds and interests. While such variety is enriching to the field, it sometimes results in diverse opinions about which of the many research opportunities should be pursued. Such diversity, we believe, has at times led to a divisiveness that has harmed overall progress in the field. Partly in response to such events, we have worked with as many of those interested in schistosomiasis as we could identify to develop what we feel is a comprehensive and cohesive agenda for schistosomiasis research (Image 1). C1 [Colley, Daniel G.] Univ Georgia, Ctr Trop & Emerging Global Dis, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Colley, Daniel G.] Univ Georgia, Dept Microbiol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Secor, W. Evan] Publ Hlth Serv, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Colley, DG (reprint author), Univ Georgia, Ctr Trop & Emerging Global Dis, Athens, GA 30602 USA. EM dcolley@uga.edu FU US National Institutes of Health [R01 AI53695] FX D. G. Colley was partially supported during the writing of this article by US National Institutes of Health grant R01 AI53695. The funding agency played no role in the submission or preparation of this article. The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. NR 6 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 2 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1935-2735 J9 PLOS NEGLECT TROP D JI Plos Neglect. Trop. Dis. PD DEC PY 2007 VL 1 IS 3 AR e32 DI 10.1371/journal.pntd.0000032 PG 7 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA 383XK UT WOS:000261707500001 PM 18060081 ER PT J AU Levy, MZ Kawai, V Bowman, NM Waller, LA Cabrera, L Pinedo-Cancino, VV Seitz, AE Steurer, FJ del Carpio, JGC Cordova-Benzaquen, E Maguire, JH Gilman, RH Bern, C AF Levy, Michael Z. Kawai, Vivian Bowman, Natalie M. Waller, Lance A. Cabrera, Lilia Pinedo-Cancino, Viviana V. Seitz, Amy E. Steurer, Frank J. Cornejo del Carpio, Juan G. Cordova-Benzaquen, Eleazar Maguire, James H. Gilman, Robert H. Bern, Caryn TI Targeted Screening Strategies to Detect Trypanosoma cruzi Infection in Children SO PLOS NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES LA English DT Article ID RURAL NORTHWESTERN ARGENTINA; CHAGAS-DISEASE; TRIATOMA-INFESTANS; CONGENITAL TRANSMISSION; HOUSEHOLD PREVALENCE; 2ND-ORDER ANALYSIS; RISK-FACTORS; POPULATIONS; REINFESTATION; BENZNIDAZOLE AB Background: Millions of people are infected with Trypanosoma cruzi, the causative agent of Chagas disease in Latin America. Anti-trypanosomal drug therapy can cure infected individuals, but treatment efficacy is highest early in infection. Vector control campaigns disrupt transmission of T. cruzi, but without timely diagnosis, children infected prior to vector control often miss the window of opportunity for effective chemotherapy. Methods and Findings: We performed a serological survey in children 2-18 years old living in a peri-urban community of Arequipa, Peru, and linked the results to entomologic, spatial and census data gathered during a vector control campaign. 23 of 433 (5.3% [95% Cl 3.4-7.9]) children were confirmed seropositive for T. cruzi infection by two methods. Spatial analysis revealed that households with infected children were very tightly clustered within looser clusters of households with parasite-infected vectors. Bayesian hierarchical mixed models, which controlled for clustering of infection, showed that a child's risk of being seropositive increased by 20% per year of age and 4% per vector captured within the child's house. Receiver operator characteristic (ROC) plots of best-fit models suggest that more than 83% of infected children could be identified while testing only 22% of eligible children. Conclusions: We found evidence of spatially-focal vector-borne T. cruzi transmission in peri-urban Arequipa. Ongoing vector control campaigns, in addition to preventing further parasite transmission, facilitate the collection of data essential to identifying children at high risk of T. cruzi infection. Targeted screening strategies could make integration of diagnosis and treatment of children into Chagas disease control programs feasible in lower-resource settings. C1 [Levy, Michael Z.; Seitz, Amy E.; Steurer, Frank J.; Bern, Caryn] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Levy, Michael Z.; Waller, Lance A.] Emory Univ, Div Biol & Biomed Sci, Program Populat Biol Ecol & Evolut, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Levy, Michael Z.; Kawai, Vivian; Bowman, Natalie M.; Cabrera, Lilia; Pinedo-Cancino, Viviana V.; Cordova-Benzaquen, Eleazar; Gilman, Robert H.] Asociac Benef Proyectos Informat Salud Med & Agr, Lima, Peru. [Cornejo del Carpio, Juan G.] Direcc Reg Minist Salud, Arequipa, Peru. [Maguire, James H.] Univ Maryland, Dept Epidemiol & Prevent Med, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [Gilman, Robert H.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Int Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. RP Levy, MZ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM mzlevy@gmail.com FU National Institutes of Health [5T35Al007646-03, U19-Al-33061, RO1-AI047498]; International Society for Infectious Diseases FX MZL is supported by a Howard Hughes Pre-doctoral fellowship. NMB was supported by a Fogarty/Ellison fellowship during this study and National Institutes of Health training grant 5T35Al007646-03. VK was supported by a grant from the International Society for Infectious Diseases. Additional support came from National Institutes of Health grants U19-Al-33061 and RO1-AI047498. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 30 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 1 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1935-2735 J9 PLOS NEGLECT TROP D JI Plos Neglect. Trop. Dis. PD DEC PY 2007 VL 1 IS 3 AR e103 DI 10.1371/journal.pntd.0000103 PG 9 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA 383XK UT WOS:000261707500008 PM 18160979 ER PT J AU Rakoto-Andrianarivelo, M Guillot, S Iber, J Balanant, J Blondel, B Riquet, F Martin, J Kew, O Randriamanalina, B Razafinimpiasa, L Rousset, D Delpeyroux, F AF Rakoto-Andrianarivelo, Mala Guillot, Sophie Iber, Jane Balanant, Jean Blondel, Bruno Riquet, Franck Martin, Javier Kew, Olen Randriamanalina, Bakolalao Razafinimpiasa, Lalatiana Rousset, Dominique Delpeyroux, Francis TI Co-circulation and evolution of polioviruses and species C enteroviruses in a district of Madagascar SO PLOS PATHOGENS LA English DT Article ID VACCINE-DERIVED POLIOVIRUS; MULTIPLE SEQUENCE ALIGNMENT; IMMUNODEFICIENT PATIENT; GENETIC-RECOMBINATION; TYPE-2 POLIOVIRUS; PARALYTIC POLIOMYELITIS; FREQUENT RECOMBINATION; WILD POLIOVIRUS; CODING REGION; UNITED-STATES AB Between October 2001 and April 2002, five cases of acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) associated with type 2 vaccine-derived polioviruses (VDPVs) were reported in the southern province of the Republic of Madagascar. To determine viral factors that favor the emergence of these pathogenic VDPVs, we analyzed in detail their genomic and phenotypic characteristics and compared them with co-circulating enteroviruses. These VDPVs appeared to belong to two independent recombinant lineages with sequences from the type 2 strain of the oral poliovaccine (OPV) in the 5'-half of the genome and sequences derived from unidentified species C enteroviruses (HEV-C) in the 3'-half. VDPV strains showed characteristics similar to those of wild neurovirulent viruses including neurovirulence in poliovirus-receptor transgenic mice. We looked for other VDPVs and for circulating enteroviruses in 316 stools collected from healthy children living in the small area where most of the AFP cases occurred. We found vaccine PVs, two VDPVs similar to those found in AFP cases, some echoviruses, and above all, many serotypes of coxsackie A viruses belonging to HEV-C, with substantial genetic diversity. Several coxsackie viruses A17 and A13 carried nucleotide sequences closely related to the 2C and the 3D(pol) coding regions of the VDPVs, respectively. There was also evidence of multiple genetic recombination events among the HEV-C resulting in numerous recombinant genotypes. This indicates that co-circulation of HEV-C and OPV strains is associated with evolution by recombination, resulting in unexpectedly extensive viral diversity in small human populations in some tropical regions. This probably contributed to the emergence of recombinant VDPVs. These findings give further insight into viral ecosystems and the evolutionary processes that shape viral biodiversity. C1 [Balanant, Jean; Blondel, Bruno; Riquet, Franck; Delpeyroux, Francis] Inst Pasteur, Dept Virol Biol & Virus Enter, Paris, France. [Guillot, Sophie] Inst Pasteur Madagascar, Unite Virol Med, Antananarivo, Madagascar. [Guillot, Sophie] Inst Pasteur, PTMMH, Dept Infect & Epidemiol, Paris, France. [Iber, Jane; Kew, Olen] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Martin, Javier] Natl Inst Biol Stand & Controls, Dept Virol, Potters Bar EN6 3QG, Herts, England. [Randriamanalina, Bakolalao] Minist Sante Planning Familial & Protect Sociale, Programme Elargi Vaccinat, Antananarivo, Madagascar. [Razafinimpiasa, Lalatiana] Minist Sante Planning Familial & Protect Sociale, Direct Reg Sante Atsimo Andrefana, Toliara, Madagascar. [Rousset, Dominique] Ctr Pasteur Cameroun, Unite Virol, Yaounde, Cameroon. RP Delpeyroux, F (reprint author), Inst Pasteur, Dept Virol Biol & Virus Enter, Paris, France. EM delpeyro@pasteur.fr RI Rousset, Dominique/A-4209-2009; Delpeyroux, Francis/H-8838-2016 NR 74 TC 55 Z9 58 U1 0 U2 1 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1553-7366 J9 PLOS PATHOG JI PLoS Pathog. PD DEC PY 2007 VL 3 IS 12 BP 1950 EP 1961 AR e191 DI 10.1371/journal.ppat.0030191 PG 12 WC Microbiology; Parasitology; Virology SC Microbiology; Parasitology; Virology GA 264OB UT WOS:000253296400012 PM 18085822 ER PT J AU Lowery, EP Henneberger, PK Rosiello, R Sama, SR Preusse, P Milton, DK AF Lowery, Elizabeth P. Henneberger, Paul K. Rosiello, Richard Sama, Susan R. Preusse, Peggy Milton, Don K. TI Quality of life of adults with workplace exacerbation of asthma SO QUALITY OF LIFE RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE asthma; occupational asthma; occupational diseases; occupational health; quality of life ID OCCUPATIONAL ASTHMA; SOCIOECONOMIC-FACTORS; GENDER-DIFFERENCES; CLINICAL-TRIALS; QUESTIONNAIRE; SALMETEROL; DISEASE; ALLERGY; VALIDATION; EMPLOYMENT AB A cross-sectional study collecting demographic, work history, disease, and quality-of-life (QOL) data from adults with asthma was explored for a relationship between workplace exacerbation of asthma (WEA) and QOL. The study population of adults with asthma was drawn from adults affiliated with Fallon Community Health Plan, a health maintenance organization serving Massachusetts. The sample consisted of 598 adults with asthma. Based on univariate analyses, study participants with WEA had a statistically significant higher Total QOL score, indicating a worse quality of life, than participants whose asthma was not work-related (2.43 vs. 1.74, P <= 0.001), and also higher scores on the instrument's four subscales for Breathlessness, Mood Disturbance, Social Disruptions, and Health Concerns. After controlling for covariates using multiple linear regression, the relationship between WEA and the Total QOL score was statistically significant (P = 0.0004) with a coefficient of 0.54. The coefficient for WEA was also statistically significant based on regression models for all the subscales with the exception of the Breathlessness score (P = 0.08). In summary, WEA was associated with a worse QOL. Ideally, employees and employers would work together to minimize the conditions at work that contribute to WEA, which should decrease the frequency of WEA and related degradation of QOL. C1 NIOSH, Div Resp Dis Studies, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. Fallon Clin Res Dept, Worcester, MA USA. Harvard Univ, Dept Environm Sci & Engn, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Univ Massachusetts, Dept Work Environm, Lowell, MA USA. RP Henneberger, PK (reprint author), NIOSH, Div Resp Dis Studies, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM pkh0@cdc.gov RI Milton, Donald/G-3286-2010 OI Milton, Donald/0000-0002-0550-7834 NR 52 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0962-9343 J9 QUAL LIFE RES JI Qual. Life Res. PD DEC PY 2007 VL 16 IS 10 BP 1605 EP 1613 DI 10.1007/s11136-007-9274-5 PG 9 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 227BQ UT WOS:000250632600006 PM 17957494 ER PT J AU Stayner, L Vrijheid, M Cardis, E Stram, DO Deltour, I Gilbert, SJ Howe, G AF Stayner, Leslie Vrijheid, Martine Cardis, Elisabeth Stram, Daniel O. Deltour, Isabelle Gilbert, Stephen J. Howe, Geoffrey TI A Monte Carlo maximum likelihood method for estimating uncertainty arising from shared errors in exposures in epidemiological studies of nuclear workers SO RADIATION RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID RADIATION WORKERS; CANCER-RISK; IONIZING-RADIATION; FOLLOW-UP; DOSIMETRY; INDUSTRY; SENSITIVITY; COHORT AB Errors in the estimation of exposures or doses are a major source of uncertainty in epidemiological studies of cancer among nuclear workers. This paper presents a Monte Carlo maximum likelihood method that can be used for estimating a confidence interval that reflects both statistical sampling error and uncertainty in the measurement of exposures. The method is illustrated by application to an analysis of all cancer (excluding leukemia) mortality in a study of nuclear workers at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL). Monte Carlo methods were used to generate 10,000 data sets with a simulated corrected dose estimate for each member of the cohort based on the estimated distribution of errors in doses. A Cox proportional hazards model was applied to each of these simulated data sets. A partial likelihood, averaged over all of the simulations, was generated; the central risk estimate and confidence interval were estimated from this partial likelihood. The conventional unsimulated analysis of the ORNL study yielded an excess relative risk (ERR) of 5.38 per Sv (90% confidence interval 0.54-12.58). The Monte Carlo maximum likelihood method yielded a slightly lower ERR (4.82 per Sv) and wider confidence interval (0.41-13.31). (c) 2007 by Radiation Research Society. C1 Univ Illinois, Div Epidemiol & Biostat, Sch Publ Hlth, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. Int Agcy Res Canc, Radiat Grp, F-69372 Lyon 08, France. Univ So Calif, Dept Prevent Med, Div Biostat & Genet Epidemiol, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA. NIOSH, Risk Evaluat Branch, Educ & Informat Div, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. Columbia Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Div Epidemiol, New York, NY USA. RP Stayner, L (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Div Epidemiol & Biostat, Sch Publ Hlth, MC 923,1603 W Taylor St, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. EM lstayner@uic.edu RI Cardis, Elisabeth/C-3904-2017; Vrijheid, M/H-2702-2014 OI Vrijheid, M/0000-0002-7090-1758 NR 22 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 2 PU RADIATION RESEARCH SOC PI LAWRENCE PA 810 E TENTH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0033-7587 J9 RADIAT RES JI Radiat. Res. PD DEC PY 2007 VL 168 IS 6 BP 757 EP 763 DI 10.1667/RR0677.1 PG 7 WC Biology; Biophysics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Biophysics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 233MV UT WOS:000251095900014 PM 18088178 ER PT J AU Telles-Dias, PR Westman, S Fernandez, AE Sanchez, M AF Telles-Dias, P. R. Westman, S. Fernandez, A. E. Sanchez, M. CA Rapid Test Working Group TI Perceptions of HIV rapid testing among injecting drug users in Brazil SO REVISTA DE SAUDE PUBLICA LA English DT Article DE substance abuse, intravenous; AIDS serodiagnosis; diagnostic techniques and procedures; acquired immunodeficiency syndrome, diagnosis; health vulnerability; diagnostic services; qualitative research; Brazil ID COCAINE USE; PREFERENCES; RISK; INFECTION AB OBJECTIVE: To describe perceptions, experiences, knowledge, beliefs and the willingness of injecting drug users to be HIV tested by using rapid tests. METHODS: A qualitative exploratory study was carried out among injecting drug users from December 2003 to February 2004 in five Brazilian cities, located in four regions of Brazil. A semi-structured interview guide containing both closed and open-ended questions was used to address perceptions about non-conventional testing procedures, and non-traditional ways to provide testing access to injecting drug users. A total of 106 interviews, about 26 per region, were conducted. RESULTS: Characteristics of the population studied, common thoughts about HIV rapid testing, preference for using blood or saliva specimens, and other testing preferences, were presented together with reported advantages and disadvantages of each option. The study findings showed that the use of rapid tests among these users is feasible and that they are willing to be tested using rapid HIV tests, especially if some issues related to privacy and reliability of the test could be addressed. CONCLUSIONS: The study findings showed that rapid tests may be well accepted for this population. These tests can be considered a valuable tool, allowing a more injecting drug users to learn their HIV status and possibly be referred to treatment and should support more effective testing strategies for them. C1 [Telles-Dias, P. R.] Univ Estado Rio de Janerio, NEPAD, BR-20910200 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. [Westman, S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Sanchez, M.] Minst Saude, Programa Nacl DST & AIDS, Brasilia, DF, Brazil. RP Telles-Dias, PR (reprint author), Univ Estado Rio de Janerio, NEPAD, R Fonseca Teles 121,4 Andar, BR-20910200 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. EM ptelles@psg.ucsf.edu NR 20 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 2 PU REVISTA DE SAUDE PUBLICA PI SAO PAULO PA FACULDADE SAUDE PUBL DA USP, AV DR ARNALDO 715, 01255 SAO PAULO, BRAZIL SN 0034-8910 J9 REV SAUDE PUBL JI Rev. Saude Publica PD DEC PY 2007 VL 41 SU 2 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 265RO UT WOS:000253378800015 ER PT J AU Low, N Aral, S Cassell, JA AF Low, Nicola Aral, Sevgi Cassell, Jackie A. TI Travelling far but staying close to home SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Univ Bern, Inst Social & Prevent Med, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. Brighton & Sussex Med Sch, Brighton, E Sussex, England. RP Low, N (reprint author), Univ Bern, Inst Social & Prevent Med, Finkelhubelweg 11, CH-3012 Bern, Switzerland. EM low@ispm.unibe.ch OI Low, Nicola/0000-0003-4817-8986; Cassell, Jackie/0000-0003-0777-0385 NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU B M J PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 1368-4973 J9 SEX TRANSM INFECT JI Sex. Transm. Infect. PD DEC 1 PY 2007 VL 83 IS 7 BP 501 EP 502 DI 10.1136/sti.2007.028928 PG 2 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 232QP UT WOS:000251034500001 PM 18024707 ER PT J AU Kim, JJ Li, JZ Valliant, R AF Kim, Jay J. Li, Jianzhu Valliant, Richard TI Cell collapsing in poststratification SO SURVEY METHODOLOGY LA English DT Article DE bias; combining cells; coverage error; poststratification; under-coverage; weight trimming AB Poststratification is a common method of estimation in household surveys. Cells are formed based on characteristics that are known for all sample respondents and for which external control counts are available from a census or another source. The inverses of the poststratification adjustments are usually referred to as coverage ratios. Coverage of some demographic groups may be substantially below 100 percent, and poststratifying serves to correct for biases due to poor coverage. A standard procedure in poststratification is to collapse or combine cells when the sample sizes fall below some minimum or the weight adjustments are above some maximum. Collapsing can either increase or decrease the variance of an estimate but may simultaneously increase its bias. We study the effects on bias and variance of this type of dynamic cell collapsing theoretically and through simulation using a population based on the 2003 National Health Interview Survey. Two alternative estimators are also proposed that restrict the size of weight adjustments when cells are collapsed. C1 [Kim, Jay J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Li, Jianzhu] Univ Maryland, Joint Program Survey Methodol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Valliant, Richard] Univ Michigan, Survey Res Ctr, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RP Kim, JJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. FU University of Michigan [200-2004-M-09302]; National Center for Health Statistics [200-2004-M-09302] FX The authors are indebted to the Associate Editor and the referees for their careful reviews and constructive comments. This paper reports the general results of research undertaken in part by National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) staff. The views expressed are attributable to the authors and do not necessarily reflect those of the NCHS. The work of R. Valliant was partially supported by Professional Services Contracts 200-2004-M-09302 and 200-2006-M-17916 between the University of Michigan and the National Center for Health Statistics. NR 21 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU STATISTICS CANADA PI OTTAWA PA 100 TUNNEYS PASTURE DRIVEWAY, OTTAWA, ONTARIO K1A 0T6, CANADA SN 0714-0045 J9 SURV METHODOL JI Surv. Methodol. PD DEC PY 2007 VL 33 IS 2 BP 139 EP 150 PG 12 WC Social Sciences, Mathematical Methods; Statistics & Probability SC Mathematical Methods In Social Sciences; Mathematics GA 342AJ UT WOS:000258756700004 ER PT J AU Schwartz, MD Geller, RJ AF Schwartz, Michael D. Geller, Robert J. TI Seizures and altered mental status after lamotrigine overdose SO THERAPEUTIC DRUG MONITORING LA English DT Article DE lamotrigine; overdose; coma ID BIPOLAR DISORDER AB Lamotrigine is a commonly prescribed anticonvulsant medication. It is an infrequently reported agent of intentional acute ingestion to poison centers. The spectra of clinical effects of lamotrigine in acute overdose are not well established. We report a case of acute ingestion of lamotrigine and ethanol that resulted in coma requiring ventilatory support, paradoxic seizure activity and mild rhabdomyolysis. C1 ATSDR, Div Toxicol, PRMSB, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. Emory Univ, Georgia Poison Ctr, Div Toxicol, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Schwartz, MD (reprint author), ATSDR, Div Toxicol, PRMSB, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mailstop F-32, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM aco8@cdc.gov NR 9 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0163-4356 J9 THER DRUG MONIT JI Ther. Drug Monit. PD DEC PY 2007 VL 29 IS 6 BP 843 EP 844 PG 2 WC Medical Laboratory Technology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Medical Laboratory Technology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 236WH UT WOS:000251333600019 PM 18043485 ER PT J AU Hendriksen, PJM Freidig, AP Jonker, D Thissen, U Bogaards, JJP Mumtaz, MM Groten, JP Stlerurn, RH AF Hendriksen, Peter J. M. Freidig, Andreas P. Jonker, Diana Thissen, Uwe Bogaards, Jan J. P. Mumtaz, Moiz M. Groten, John P. Stlerurn, Rob H. TI Transcriptomics analysis of interactive effects of benzene, trichloroethylene and methyl mercury within binary and ternary mixtures on the liver and kidney following subchronic exposure in the rat SO TOXICOLOGY AND APPLIED PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article DE toxicogenomics; mixtures; Microarrays; trichloroethylene; mercury; benzene ID GENE-EXPRESSION; CHEMICAL-MIXTURES; OXIDATIVE STRESS; RISK-ASSESSMENT; TOXICITY; METABOLISM; REGENERATION; GROWTH; CELLS; BETA AB The present research aimed to study the interaction of three chemicals, methyl mercury, benzene and trichloroethylene, on mRNA expression alterations in rat liver and kidney measured by microarray analysis. These compounds were selected based on presumed different modes of action. The chemicals were administered daily for 14 days at the Lowest-Observed-Adverse-Effect-LeveI (LOAEL) or at a two- or threefold lower concentration individually or in binary or ternary mixtures. The compounds had strong antagonistic effects on each other's gene expression changes, which included several genes encoding Phase I and II metabolizing enzymes. On the other hand, the mixtures affected the expression of "novel" genes that were not or little affected by the individual compounds. The three compounds exhibited a synergistic interaction on gene expression changes at the LOAEL in the liver and both at the sub-LOAEL and LOAEL in the kidney. Many of the genes induced by mixtures but not by single compounds, such as Id2, Nr2f6, Tnfrsfla, Ccngl, Mdm2 and Njkbl in the liver, are known to affect cellular proliferation, apoptosis and tissue-specific function. This indicates a shift from compound specific response on exposure to individual compounds to a more generic stress response to mixtures. Most of the effects on cell viability as concluded from transcriptomics were not detected by classical toxicological endpoints illustrating the benefit of increased sensitivity of assessing gene expression profiling. These results emphasize the benefit of applying toxicogenomics in mixture interaction studies, which yields biomarkers for joint toxicity and eventually can result in an interaction model for most known toxicants. (c) 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 TNO Qual Life, Zeist, Netherlands. Maastricht Univ, Dept Hlth Risk Anal & Toxicol, Maastricht, Netherlands. Agcy Toxic Substances & Dis Registry, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Hendriksen, PJM (reprint author), TNO Qual Life, Zeist, Netherlands. EM p.hendriksen@tno.nl; andreas.freidig@tno.nl; diana.jonker@tno.nl; uwe.thissen@tno.nl; jan.bogaards@tno.nl; mgm4@cdc.gov; John.Groten@organon.com; rob.stierum@tno.nl OI Hendriksen, Peter/0000-0002-0951-3270 NR 47 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 16 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0041-008X J9 TOXICOL APPL PHARM JI Toxicol. Appl. Pharmacol. PD DEC 1 PY 2007 VL 225 IS 2 BP 171 EP 188 DI 10.1016/j.taap.2007.08.017 PG 18 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 236VT UT WOS:000251332200006 PM 17905399 ER PT J AU Vieth, S Drosten, C Lenz, O Vincent, M Omilabu, S Hass, M Becker-Ziaja, B ter Meulen, J Nichol, ST Schmitz, H Gunther, S AF Vieth, Simon Drosten, Christian Lenz, Oliver Vincent, Martin Omilabu, Sunday Hass, Meike Becker-Ziaja, Beate ter Meulen, Jan Nichol, Stuart T. Schmitz, Herbert Guenther, Stephan TI RT-PCR assay for detection of Lassa virus and related Old World arenaviruses targeting the L gene SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article DE Lassa virus; lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus; Old World arenavirus; viral haemorrhagic fever; RT-PCR; Phylogeny ID LYMPHOCYTIC CHORIOMENINGITIS VIRUS; POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; PRIMER-TEMPLATE MISMATCHES; REVERSE TRANSCRIPTION-PCR; VALLEY FEVER VIRUS; CALLITRICHID HEPATITIS; RAPID DETECTION; SIERRA-LEONE; RNA; INFECTION AB This study describes an RT-PCR assay targeting the L RNA segment of arenaviruses. Conserved regions were identified in the polymerase domain of the L gene on the basis of published sequences for Lassa virus, lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV), Pichinde virus and Tacaribe virus, as well as 15 novel sequences for Lassa virus, LCMV, Ippy virus, Mobala virus and Mopeia virus determined in this study. Using these regions as target sites, a PCR assay for detection of all known Old World arenaviruses was developed and optimized. The concentration that yields 95% positive results in a set of replicate tests (95% detection Limit) was determined to be 4290 copies of Lassa virus L RNA per ml of serum, corresponding to 30 copies per reaction. The ability of the assay to detect various Old World arenaviruses was demonstrated with in vitro transcribed RNA, material from infected cell cultures and samples from patients with Lassa fever and monkeys with LCMV-associated callitrichid hepatitis. The L gene PCR assay may be applicable: (i) as a complementary diagnostic test for Lassa virus and LCMV; (ii) to identify unknown Old World arenaviruses suspected as aetiological agents of disease; and (iii) for screening of potential reservoir hosts for unknown Old World arenaviruses. (C) 2007 Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Vieth, Simon; Drosten, Christian; Hass, Meike; Becker-Ziaja, Beate; Schmitz, Herbert; Guenther, Stephan] Bernhard Nocht Inst Trop Med, Dept Virol, D-20359 Hamburg, Germany. [Lenz, Oliver; ter Meulen, Jan] Univ Marburg, Inst Virol, D-35037 Marburg, Germany. [Vincent, Martin; Nichol, Stuart T.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Special Pathogens Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Omilabu, Sunday] Univ Lagos, Coll Med, Dept Med Microbiol & Parasitol, Lagos, Nigeria. RP Gunther, S (reprint author), Bernhard Nocht Inst Trop Med, Dept Virol, Bernhard Nocht Str 74, D-20359 Hamburg, Germany. EM guenther@bni.uni-hamburg.de NR 51 TC 49 Z9 51 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0035-9203 J9 T ROY SOC TROP MED H JI Trans. Roy. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD DEC PY 2007 VL 101 IS 12 BP 1253 EP 1264 DI 10.1016/j.trstmh.2005.03.018 PG 12 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 240QY UT WOS:000251603300016 PM 17905372 ER PT J AU Shang, GF Biggerstaff, BJ Yang, BC Shao, CP Farrugia, A AF Shang, Guifang Biggerstaff, Brad J. Yang, Baocheng Shao, Chaopeng Farrugia, Albert TI Theoretically estimated risk of severe acute respiratory syndrome transmission through blood transfusion during an epidemic in Shenzhen, Guangdong, China in 2003 SO TRANSFUSION AND APHERESIS SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE blood donors; SARS-CoV; transfusion-transmitted infection ID HEALTH-CARE WORKERS; SARS CORONAVIRUS INFECTION; WEST-NILE-VIRUS; TRANSPLANT RECIPIENTS; VIRAL-INFECTIONS; SINGAPORE AB Background: Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) is a newly recognized infectious disease that caused an outbreak in south China in 2003. The cause of SARS was identified as a novel coronavirus (CoV). The existence of asymptomatic seroconvertors and the detection of the SARS-CoV RNA in plasma during the course of infection all suggest that SARS could, as least theoretically, be transmitted by transfusion. An estimate of the risk of SARS transmission through blood transfusion will contribute to decisions concerning blood safety monitoring and may be useful in the design of strategies to decrease the risk of transfusion-transmitted infections. Study design and methods: Case onset dates from the 2003 Shenzhen SARS epidemic and investigational results from Taiwan on viremia in humans are used to estimate the number of cases that were viremic throughout the epidemic. Estimates of the asymptomatic-to-clinically confirmed SARS-CoV infection ratio, the proportion of asymptornatic infections reported in a seroprevalence survey in Hongkong, and the population size of Shenzhen are used to infer the SARS-CoV transfusion-transmission risk. Statistical resampling methods are used. Results: Based on data from Shenzhen, Hongkong and Taiwan, the maximum and mean risk (per million) of SARS-CoV transmission from donors in Shenzhen were estimated as 23.57 (95% CI: 6.83-47.69) and 14.11 (95% CI: 11.00-17.22), respectively. The estimated risk peaked on April 02, 2003. Conclusions: Although there are currently no confirmed reports of the transmission of SARS-CoV from asymptornatic individuals, recent research data indicate that transfusion-transmitted SARS-CoV is at least theoretically possible. Although the risk is low, with its rapid spread of the disease, appearance of alarmingly high infectivity and high fatality rate, public health authorities need to consider strategies for blood donor recruitment and virus inactivation during an epidemic to further ensure blood safety. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Farrugia, Albert] Therapeut Goods Adm, Blood & Tissue Unit, Woden, ACT 2606, Australia. [Shang, Guifang; Yang, Baocheng; Shao, Chaopeng] Shenzhen Blood Ctr, Shenzhen 518035, Guangdong, Peoples R China. [Biggerstaff, Brad J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, Ft Collins, CO 80522 USA. RP Farrugia, A (reprint author), Therapeut Goods Adm, Blood & Tissue Unit, POB 100, Woden, ACT 2606, Australia. EM albert.farrugia@tga.gov.au NR 21 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1473-0502 J9 TRANSFUS APHER SCI JI Transfus. Apher. Sci. PD DEC PY 2007 VL 37 IS 3 BP 233 EP 240 DI 10.1016/j.transci.2007.09.004 PG 8 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 249NM UT WOS:000252235400005 PM 18036985 ER PT J AU Ouma, P van Eijk, AM Hamel, MJ Parise, M Ayisi, JG Otieno, K Kager, PA Slutsker, L AF Ouma, Peter van Eijk, Anna M. Hamel, Mary J. Parise, Monica Ayisi, John G. Otieno, Kephas Kager, Piet A. Slutsker, Laurence TI Malaria and anaemia among pregnant women at first antenatal clinic visit in Kisumu, western Kenya SO TROPICAL MEDICINE & INTERNATIONAL HEALTH LA English DT Article DE malaria; anaemia; pregnancy; antenatal; insecticide-treated nets; Kenya ID SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; TREATED BED NETS; LOW-BIRTH-WEIGHT; RISK-FACTORS; SULFADOXINE-PYRIMETHAMINE; INFANT-MORTALITY; YOUNG-CHILDREN; ENDEMIC AREAS; PREVALENCE AB OBJECTIVE To determine the prevalence of malaria and anaemia among urban and peri-urban women attending their first antenatal clinic (ANC) in an area of perennial malaria transmission. METHODS Between November 2003 and May 2004 we screened first ANC attenders for malaria and anaemia in a large urban hospital in Kisumu (western Kenya) and interviewed them to obtain demographic and medical information. RESULTS Among the 685 study participants, prevalence of malaria parasitaemia was 18.0%, prevalence of any anaemia (haemoglobin < 11 g/dl) was 69.1% and prevalence of moderate anaemia was (haemoglobin < 8 g/dl) 11.8%. Sixteen women were hospitalized during pregnancy, eight because of malaria. In multivariate analysis, young age, living in a house with mud walls, a visit to rural area, peri-urban residence, second trimester of pregnancy and Luo ethnicity were significant risk factors for malaria parasitaemia. Malaria was an important risk factor for any and moderate anaemia; use of an insecticide-treated net (ITN) was a protective factor for any anaemia. Married women with a higher level of education, better-quality housing and full-time employment were more likely to use an ITN. CONCLUSION Malaria and anaemia are established problems by the time of the first ANC visit. Mechanisms to deliver ITNs to women of child-bearing age before they become pregnant need to be explored. Early ANC visits are warranted in order for women to benefit from policies aimed at reducing the burden of malaria and anaemia. C1 Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Ctr Vector Biol & Control Res, Kisumu, Kenya. Univ Amsterdam, Acad Med Ctr, Dept Infect Dis, Amsterdam, Netherlands. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Div Parasit Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Ouma, P (reprint author), Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Ctr Vector Biol & Control Res, PO Box 1578, Kisumu, Kenya. EM pouma@ke.cdc.gov NR 48 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1360-2276 J9 TROP MED INT HEALTH JI Trop. Med. Int. Health PD DEC PY 2007 VL 12 IS 12 BP 1515 EP 1523 DI 10.1111/j.1365-3156.2007.01960.x PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 237PJ UT WOS:000251387300015 PM 18076560 ER PT J AU Vega, JC Sanchez, BF Montero, LM Montana, R Mahecha, MD Duenes, B Baron, AR Reithinger, R AF Vega, Juan Carlos Sanchez, Boris Fernando Montero, Luz Mery Montana, Rafael Mahecha, Mercedes del Pilar Duenes, Bladimir Baron, Angela Rocio Reithinger, Richard TI Viewpoint: Evaluating the impact of malaria control efforts on mortality in sub-Saharan Africa SO TROPICAL MEDICINE & INTERNATIONAL HEALTH LA English DT Article DE evaluation; malaria; mortality; methods; Africa ID TREATED BED NETS; MILLENNIUM DEVELOPMENT GOALS; VERBAL AUTOPSY; CHILD-MORTALITY; PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM; PUBLIC-HEALTH; WESTERN KENYA; MORBIDITY; RATES; BANGLADESH AB OBJECTIVE To describe an approach for evaluating the impact of malaria control efforts on malaria-associated mortality in sub-Saharan Africa, where disease-specific mortality trends usually cannot be measured directly and most malaria deaths occur among young children. METHODS Methods for evaluating changes in malaria-associated mortality are examined; advantages and disadvantages are presented. RESULTS All methods require a plausibility argument - i.e., an assumption that mortality reductions can be attributed to programmatic efforts if improvements are found in steps of the causal pathway between intervention scale-up and mortality trends. As different methods provide complementary information, they can be used together. We recommend following trends in the coverage of malaria control interventions, other factors influencing childhood mortality, malaria-associated morbidity (especially anaemia), and all-cause childhood mortality. This approach reflects decreases in malaria's direct and indirect mortality burden and can be examined in nearly all countries. Adding other information can strengthen the plausibility argument: trends in indicators of malaria transmission, information from demographic surveillance systems and sentinel sites where malaria diagnostics are systematically used, and verbal autopsies linked to representative household surveys. Health facility data on malaria deaths have well-recognized limitations; however, in specific circumstances, they could produce reliable trends. Model-based predictions can help describe changes in malaria-specific burden and assist with program management and advocacy. CONCLUSIONS Despite challenges, efforts to reduce malaria-associated mortality in Africa can be evaluated with trends in malaria intervention coverage and all-cause childhood mortality. Where there are resources and interest, complementary data on malaria morbidity and malaria-specific mortality could be added. C1 Univ Militar Nueva Granada, Bogota, Colombia. Univ Bosque, Bogota, Colombia. Hosp San Juan Bautista, Tolima, Colombia. WESTAT Corp, Rockville, MD USA. London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, London, England. George Washington Univ, Sch Med & Hlth Sci, Washington, DC USA. US Agcy Int Dev, Washington, DC USA. WHO, Global Malaria Programme, Geneva, Switzerland. WHO, Evidence & Informat Policy, Geneva, Switzerland. RP Reithinger, R (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mailstop F22,4770 Buford Highway, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM rreithinger@yahoo.co.uk RI Franco-Hurtado, Fernando/E-5599-2017 OI Franco-Hurtado, Fernando/0000-0001-5775-0150 NR 79 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1360-2276 J9 TROP MED INT HEALTH JI Trop. Med. Int. Health PD DEC PY 2007 VL 12 IS 12 BP 1524 EP 1539 DI 10.1111/j.1365-3156.2007.01961.x PG 16 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 237PJ UT WOS:000251387300016 ER PT J AU Brown, JA Factor, DL Tkachenko, N Templeton, SM Crall, ND Pape, WJ Bauer, MJ Ambruso, DR Dickey, WC Marfin, AA AF Brown, Jennifer A. Factor, Dawn L. Tkachenko, Nina Templeton, Sheryll M. Crall, Nicholas D. Pape, W. John Bauer, Michael J. Ambruso, Daniel R. Dickey, William C. Marfin, Anthony A. TI West Nile viremic blood donors and risk factors for subsequent West Nile fever SO VECTOR-BORNE AND ZOONOTIC DISEASES LA English DT Article DE West Nile virus; epidemiology; mosquito(es); entomology ID UNITED-STATES; VIRUS-RNA; NEW-YORK; EPIDEMIC; TRANSFUSION; TRANSMISSION; INFECTIONS; ENCEPHALITIS; ANTIBODY AB Background: While increasing age is a known risk factor for neuroinvasive West Nile virus (WNV) disease, little is known about risk factors for West Nile fever (WNF). In 2003, United States blood centers identified WN (West Nile) viremic donors using nucleic acid-amplification tests (NATs), making it possible to prospectively determine risk factors for WNF. We report the characteristics of WN viremia among donors at Colorado's largest blood center and risk factors for WNF in viremic donors. Methods: Prospective public health surveillance was conducted in WN viremic donors. NAT-reactive donors who developed WNV-specific IgM antibody were considered viremic donors. Demographic data were abstracted from blood center records for all viremic donors aged >= 18 years. Standardized telephone questionnaires were administered a median of 39 days following donation. Donors reporting fever and headache within seven days following donation were considered West Nile fever (WNF) cases. Results: Of 66,771 donations screened from July 1-October 31, 146 (0.22%) were from viremic donors (1:457 donations). Of 135 surveyed donors, 81 (60%) were male. The median age was 49 years (range: 18-78). Forty-one (30%) donors developed WNF; of these, 12 (29%) visited a physician. Other reported symptoms included body aches (98%), eye pain (63%), and skin rash (61%). The risk of WNF was inversely correlated with age (odds ratio: 0.95 for every 1-year increase in age; 95% CI 0.91, 0.99; p = 0.008). Conclusions: WN viremia was frequently identified in Colorado blood donors during the 2003 WNV epidemic. The high frequency of WNF and subsequent physician visits among healthy blood donors suggest substantial morbidity from WNF in the general population. The inverse correlation between age and WNF is a new finding and its pathophysiology is unknown. C1 [Brown, Jennifer A.] Caring Hands Anim Hosp, Centreville, VA 20120 USA. [Factor, Dawn L.] Belle Bonfils Mem Blood Ctr, Boulder, CO USA. [Tkachenko, Nina] Chiron Corp, Emeryville, CA 94608 USA. [Templeton, Sheryll M.; Bauer, Michael J.; Ambruso, Daniel R.; Dickey, William C.] Belle Bonfils Mem Blood Ctr, Denver, CO USA. [Crall, Nicholas D.] Chicago Coll Osteopath Med, Downers Grove, IL USA. [Pape, W. John] Colorado Dept Publ Hlth & Environm, Denver, CO USA. [Marfin, Anthony A.] Ctr Dis Control, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Brown, JA (reprint author), Caring Hands Anim Hosp, 5659 Stone Rd, Centreville, VA 20120 USA. EM jen.brown@mac.com NR 29 TC 19 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 1 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1530-3667 J9 VECTOR-BORNE ZOONOT JI Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis. PD WIN PY 2007 VL 7 IS 4 BP 479 EP 488 DI 10.1089/vbz.2006.0611 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 253AP UT WOS:000252490000002 PM 17979539 ER PT J AU Pearce, RD O'Shea, TJ Shankar, V Rupprecht, CE AF Pearce, Roger D. O'Shea, Thomas J. Shankar, Vidya Rupprecht, Charles E. TI Lack of association between ectoparasite intensities and rabies virus neutralizing antibody seroprevalence in wild big brown bats (Eptesicus fuscus), Fort Collins, Colorado SO VECTOR-BORNE AND ZOONOTIC DISEASES LA English DT Article DE big brown bat; Eptesicus fuscus; rabies virus; ectoparasite serology; Cimex; Steatonyssus; Spinturnix; AIC ID KELLEYI ACARI; UNITED-STATES; BARTONELLA; ARGASIDAE; SURVIVAL; DIPTERA; BLOOD; USA AB Recently, bat ectoparasites have been demonstrated to harbor pathogens of potential importance to humans. We evaluated antirabies antibody seroprevalence and the presence of ectoparasites in big brown bats (Eptesicus fuscus) sampled in 2002 and 2003 in Colorado to investigate if an association existed between ectoparasite intensity and exposure to rabies virus (RV). We used logistic regression and Akaike's Information Criteria adjusted for sample size (AICc) in a post-hoc analysis to investigate the relative importance of three ectoparasite species, as well as bat colony size, year sampled, age class, colony size, and year interaction on the presence of rabies virus neutralizing antibodies (VNA) in serum of wild E. fuscus. We obtained serum samples and ectoparasite counts from big brown bats simultaneously in 2002 and 2003. Although the presence of ectoparasites (Steatonyssus occidentalis and Spinturnix bakeri) were important in elucidating VNA seroprevalence, their intensities were higher in seronegative bats than in seropositive bats, and the presence of a third ectoparasite (Cimex pilosellus) was inconsequential. Colony size and year sampled were the most important variables in these AICc models. These findings suggest that these ectoparasites do not enhance exposure of big brown bats to RV. C1 [Pearce, Roger D.] Colorado State Univ, Dept Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [O'Shea, Thomas J.] US Geol Survey, Ft Collins Sci Ctr, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Shankar, Vidya] Colorado State Univ, Dept Biomed Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Shankar, Vidya; Rupprecht, Charles E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Pearce, RD (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. EM raroland@lamar.colostate.edu NR 30 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 6 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1530-3667 J9 VECTOR-BORNE ZOONOT JI Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis. PD WIN PY 2007 VL 7 IS 4 BP 489 EP 495 DI 10.1089/vbz.2007.0572 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 253AP UT WOS:000252490000003 PM 17979542 ER PT J AU Nakazawa, Y Williams, R Peterson, AT Mead, P Staples, E Gage, KL AF Nakazawa, Yoshinori Williams, Richard Peterson, A. Townsend Mead, Paul Staples, Erin Gage, Kenneth L. TI Climate change effects on plague and tularemia in the United States SO VECTOR-BORNE AND ZOONOTIC DISEASES LA English DT Article DE tularemia; plague; climate change; spatial patterns; disease transmission ID VECTOR-BORNE DISEASE; MODELS; NICHE; IMPACTS; PRECIPITATION; DISTRIBUTIONS; BIODIVERSITY; TERRESTRIAL; VARIABILITY; DIVERSITY AB Plague and tularemia are serious zoonotic diseases endemic to North America. We evaluated spatial patterns in their transmission in view of changing climates. First, we tested whether observed shifts since the 1960s are consistent with expected patterns of shift given known climate changes over that period. Then, we used general circulation model results summarizing global patterns of changing climates into the future to forecast likely shifts in patterns of transmission over the next 50 years. The results indicate that these diseases are indeed shifting in accord with patterns of climatic shift, but that overall geographic shifts will likely be subtle, with some northward movement of southern limits and possibly northward movement of northern limits as well. C1 [Nakazawa, Yoshinori; Williams, Richard; Peterson, A. Townsend] Univ Kansas, Nat Hist Museum, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. [Nakazawa, Yoshinori; Williams, Richard; Peterson, A. Townsend] Univ Kansas, Biodivers Res Ctr, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. [Mead, Paul; Staples, Erin; Gage, Kenneth L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ft Collins, CO USA. RP Nakazawa, Y (reprint author), Univ Kansas, Nat Hist Museum, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. EM yosh@Ku.edu RI Peterson, A. Townsend/I-5697-2013; Williams, Richard/J-9185-2014; Evolution and Conservation Biology, UCM Group /K-9382-2014 OI Peterson, A. Townsend/0000-0003-0243-2379; Williams, Richard/0000-0002-3263-2657; NR 51 TC 53 Z9 55 U1 4 U2 17 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1530-3667 J9 VECTOR-BORNE ZOONOT JI Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis. PD WIN PY 2007 VL 7 IS 4 BP 529 EP 540 DI 10.1089/vbz.2007.0125 PG 12 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 253AP UT WOS:000252490000007 PM 18047395 ER PT J AU Mota, J Chacon, JC Gutiterrez-Cabrera, AE Sanchez-Cordero, V Wirtz, RA Ordoez, R Panzera, F Ramsey, JM AF Mota, Javier Chacon, Juan C. Gutiterrez-Cabrera, Ana E. Sanchez-Cordero, Victor Wirtz, Robert A. Ordoez, Rosalinda Panzera, Francisco Ramsey, Janine M. TI Identification of blood meal source and infection with Trypanosoma cruzi of Chagas disease vectors using a multiplex cytochrome b polymerase chain reaction assay SO VECTOR-BORNE AND ZOONOTIC DISEASES LA English DT Article DE triatominae; blood meal; Chagas disease; PCR ID FEEDING PATTERNS; DNA-SEQUENCES; MEXICO; AMPLIFICATION; EVOLUTION; HEMIPTERA; TRANSMISSION; TRIATOMINAE; REDUVIIDAE; DIPTERA AB Long-term control of triatomine bugs in Chagas endemic regions will depend on a full understanding of vector-parasite-host interactions. Herein we describe a cytochrome b multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR)based strategy for blood meal source identification in bug foregut contents. This technique discriminates human from animal blood, and has been tested in five Triatoma species from Mexico. Host identification has been validated for human, four rodent species, two bat species, dog, rabbit, sheep, and opossum. In addition, Trypanosoma cruzi can be identified simultaneously using S34/S67-specific kinetoplast DNA primers. Both host and parasite identification were possible as long as 10 weeks after bug feeding, and in samples stored up to 6 years. The blood meal identification procedure described here represents a powerful tool for large-scale studies identifying the biological, ecological, and environmental variables associated with Chagas disease transmission. C1 [Ramsey, Janine M.] Inst Nacl Salud Publ, Ctr Reg Invest & Salud Publ, Tapachula 30700, Chiapas, Mexico. [Mota, Javier; Gutiterrez-Cabrera, Ana E.; Ordoez, Rosalinda] Inst Nacl Salud Publ, CISEI, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico. [Chacon, Juan C.; Sanchez-Cordero, Victor] Univ Nacl Autonoma Mexico, Inst Biol, Mexico City 04510, DF, Mexico. [Wirtz, Robert A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Panzera, Francisco] Fac Ciencias, Secc Genet, Montevideo, Uruguay. RP Ramsey, JM (reprint author), Inst Nacl Salud Publ, Ctr Reg Invest & Salud Publ, 19 Calle Poniente,Entre 4 y 6NH, Tapachula 30700, Chiapas, Mexico. EM jramsey@insp.mx OI Panzera, Francisco/0000-0001-5148-957X NR 26 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 11 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1530-3667 J9 VECTOR-BORNE ZOONOT JI Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis. PD WIN PY 2007 VL 7 IS 4 BP 617 EP 627 DI 10.1089/vbz.2007.0106 PG 11 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 253AP UT WOS:000252490000017 PM 18021027 ER PT J AU Yparraguirre, LA Machado-Ferreira, E Ullmann, AJ Piesman, J Zeidner, NS Soares, CAG AF Yparraguirre, Luciana A. Machado-Ferreira, Erik Ullmann, Amy J. Piesman, Joseph Zeidner, Nordin S. Soares, Carlos A. G. TI A hard tick relapsing fever group spirochete in a Brazilian Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus SO VECTOR-BORNE AND ZOONOTIC DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Borrelia theileri; Borrelia lonestari; Rhipicephalus microplus; Ixodidae ticks ID AMBLYOMMA-AMERICANUM; BORRELIA-LONESTARI; ACARI; INFECTION; IXODIDAE; DISEASE; AGENT; GLPQ AB Tick-borne diseases usually comprise a complex epidemiological and ecological network connecting the vector, pathogen, and a group of host species. Symptoms associated with Lyme disease have been reported in Brazil, but no Borrelia sp. has been definitively related to these events. Here we have identified a B. lonestari/B. theileri-related spirochete DNA in the cattle tick Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus from Brazil. Four hundred R. microplus and 80 Amblyomma cajennense ticks were screened, and only 1 horse-fed R. microplus was infected. A Borrelia sp. 16S rDNA sequence was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) from the total tick DNA with 99% similarity to B. theileri and B. lonestari. Partial flaB sequence was also obtained, demonstrating 96% similarity to the B. lonestari flagellin gene, and the resultant putative amino acid sequence demonstrated 97% identity to B. lonestari flagellin. Moreover, partial glpQ sequence demonstrated 92% similarity to the B. lonestari gene, with a putative amino acid sequence 90% identical to the B. lonestari glycerophosphodiester phosphodiesterase. Phylogenetic analyses clearly include this Brazilian Borrelia sp., denoted "Borrelia sp-BR," in a group of spirochetes aligned with B. theileri and B. lonestari. Thus, hard tick relapsing fever group spirochetes represent a clade of widespread bacteria and herein we describe the first molecular identification of a Borrelia sp. in South America. C1 [Yparraguirre, Luciana A.; Machado-Ferreira, Erik; Soares, Carlos A. G.] Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, Inst Biol, Ilha do Fundao,CCS, Dept Genet,Lab Genet Mol Eucariontes & Simbiontes, BR-21944970 Rio De Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. [Ullmann, Amy J.; Piesman, Joseph; Zeidner, Nordin S.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, Ft Collins, CO USA. RP Yparraguirre, LA (reprint author), Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, Inst Biol, Ilha do Fundao,CCS, Dept Genet,Lab Genet Mol Eucariontes & Simbiontes, Bloco A,Lab A2-120, BR-21944970 Rio De Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. EM soares@biologia.ufrj.br RI Machado Ferreira, Erik/K-1472-2013; Soares, Carlos/H-9464-2016 OI Soares, Carlos/0000-0001-9058-9266 NR 15 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 2 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1530-3667 J9 VECTOR-BORNE ZOONOT JI Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis. PD WIN PY 2007 VL 7 IS 4 BP 717 EP 721 DI 10.1089/vbz.2007.0144 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 253AP UT WOS:000252490000027 PM 17979536 ER PT J AU Kerin, TK Kane, EM Glass, R Gentsch, JR AF Kerin, Tara K. Kane, Erin M. Glass, Roger Gentsch, Jon R. TI Characterization of VP6 genes from rotavirus strains collected in the United States from 1996-2002 SO VIRUS GENES LA English DT Article DE rotavirus; VP6 ID POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; GROUP-A ROTAVIRUSES; REVERSE TRANSCRIPTION-PCR; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; SEQUENCE-ANALYSIS; STOOL SPECIMENS; GASTROENTERITIS; CHILDREN; IDENTIFICATION; SUBSTITUTIONS AB We sequenced 22 VP6 genes from common rotavirus strains P[81, G1; P[4], G2; P[8], G3; P[8], G4 and P[8], G9 and uncommon type P[6], G9 collected in the US over a 6-year period. All strains defined as members of VP6 antigenic subgroup (SG) I according to reactivity patterns with monoclonal antibodies formed a genetic cluster (Genogroup I) with SG I reference strains. Similarly, all strains in antigenic SGII formed a group (Genogroup 11) with corresponding standard strains of the same SG. Most US strains of each genogroup had diverged by 10-15% from the VP6 gene sequence of reference strains collected >20 years earlier and some recent isolates from other countries. Evolutionary analysis demonstrated that recently isolated US strains of both genogroups have diverged into 2-3 related clusters consistent with other recent findings. Unexpectedly, some recent isolates from other countries have diverged greatly from both older reference isolates and from the recent US isolates characterized here. This finding suggests that genetic diversity in human rotavirus VP6 genes may be greater than previously recognized. These sequences will help in the construction of a VP6 gene database to aid in the development of broadly reactive molecular assays and permit identification of regions where primers and probes for existing assays may need to be redesigned. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Res Dis, Coordinat Ctr Infect Dis, Div Viral Dis Gastroenter & Res Viruses Lab Branc, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NIH, Forgart Int Ctr, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Gentsch, JR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Res Dis, Coordinat Ctr Infect Dis, Div Viral Dis Gastroenter & Res Viruses Lab Branc, 1600 Clifton RD,NE MS G04, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM jrg4@cdc.gov NR 37 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-8569 J9 VIRUS GENES JI Virus Genes PD DEC PY 2007 VL 35 IS 3 BP 489 EP 495 DI 10.1007/s11262-007-0119-7 PG 7 WC Genetics & Heredity; Virology SC Genetics & Heredity; Virology GA 232ZM UT WOS:000251060200003 PM 17564821 ER PT J AU Leite, JA Drumond, BP Trindade, GD Bonjardim, CA Ferreira, PCP Kroon, EG AF Leite, Juliana Almeida Drumond, Betania Paiva Trindade, Giliane de Souza Bonjardim, Claudio Antonio Ferreira, Paulo Cesar Peregrino Kroon, Erna Geessien TI Brazilian Vaccinia virus strains show genetic polymorphism at the ati gene SO VIRUS GENES LA English DT Article DE Brazilian vaccinia virus; bovine vaccinia outbreak; ati gene; genetic polymorphism; poxvirus; ha gene ID A-TYPE INCLUSION; POLYMERASE CHAIN-REACTION; COWPOX VIRUS; MAJOR PROTEIN; BODY PROTEIN; ORTHOPOXVIRUSES; POXVIRUS; DIFFERENTIATION; INFECTION; HUMANS AB Nucleotide sequence comparison of the internal region of the ati gene of members of the Orthopoxvirus genera revealed that this gene is variable among different species, although within members of the same species it is considered to be well conserved. Previous studies indicated that there is genetic variability in the ati gene among some Brazilian Vaccinia virus strains. To further investigate this variability, we performed molecular analysis of the internal region of the ati gene of eight Brazilian Vaccinia virus strains. While the internal region of this gene in one strain was similar to the Western Reserve strain, four strains presented two blocks of deletions in the analyzed region, and the ati gene was almost entirely deleted from three other strains. These findings demonstrate that there is genetic polymorphism within the ati gene among different Brazilian Vaccinia virus strains. C1 Univ Fed Minas Gerais, Inst Ciencias Biol, Virus Lab, Dept Microbiol, BR-31270901 Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Leite, JA (reprint author), Brazilian Agr Res Corp, EMBRAPA Dairy Cattle, Rue Eugenio Do Nascimento 610,Dom Bosco, BR-36038330 Juiz De Fora, Brazil. EM ju@icb.ufmg.br; betaniadrumond@yahoo.com.br; dzj2@cdc.gov; claubonj@icb.ufmg.br; paulocpf@icb.ufmg.br; kroone@icb.ufmg.br RI Bonjardim, Claudio/J-2601-2014 NR 38 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0920-8569 J9 VIRUS GENES JI Virus Genes PD DEC PY 2007 VL 35 IS 3 BP 531 EP 539 DI 10.1007/s11262-007-0133-9 PG 9 WC Genetics & Heredity; Virology SC Genetics & Heredity; Virology GA 232ZM UT WOS:000251060200008 PM 17671837 ER PT J AU Paez, A Velasco-Villa, A Rey, G Rupprecht, CE AF Paez, Andres Velasco-Villa, Andres Rey, Gloria Rupprecht, Charles E. TI Molecular epidemiology of rabies in Colombia 1994-2005 based on partial nucleoprotein gene sequences SO VIRUS RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE rabies; molecular epidemiology; nucleoprotein; Colombia; virus; zoonosis; phylogeny ID VIRUS; MEXICO; BRAZIL; BATS; AMERICA; DOGS AB One hundred and twenty-four rabies viruses (RABV) were isolated from humans and eight species of mammals in Colombia during 1994-2005. To determine the genetic and reservoir-associated diversity cDNA fragments encoding 88 amino acids at the carboxyl terminus of the nucleoprotein were sequenced and used in phylogenetic analyses. Eight genetic lineages (GL) were characterized. GL1, GL2 and GL3 consisted of dog-associated antigenic variant (AV) 1 RABV, isolated in the centre-east, north and southwest of Colombia, respectively. GL1 is apparently extinct in Colombia. The GL4 were AV3. AV8 and non-determined (ND) AV viruses associated with hematophagous bats. The GL5 and GL6 consisted of AV4 viruses. c GL6 isolate was found associated with Tadarida brasiliensis bats. GL5 segregated independently. The GL7 and GL8 segregated independently within clades associated with colonial insectivorous and solitary bats, respectively. Both of these were represented by NDAV viruses. Viruses isolated from humans grouped within GL2, GL3 and GL4, which in turn corresponded to AV 1, 3, 8 and ND. Dogs and D. rotundus are the two major rabies reservoirs and vectors in Colombia. Insectivorous bats may also be important rabies reservoirs but spillovers to other species are rare. Our data were consistent with previous studies in which partial Psi, G and L gene sequences were analyzed. Our results confirmed the existence of RABV of unclassified AV in Colombia. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All fights reserved. C1 Inst Nacl Salud, Virol Lab, Bogota, Colombia. La Salle Univ, Dept Ciencias Basicas, Bogota, Colombia. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Paez, A (reprint author), Inst Nacl Salud, Virol Lab, Av El Dorado Cra 50 CAN, Bogota, Colombia. EM apaezm@ins.gov.co OI PAEZ MARTINEZ, ANDRES/0000-0001-7316-3706 NR 27 TC 7 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-1702 J9 VIRUS RES JI Virus Res. PD DEC PY 2007 VL 130 IS 1-2 BP 172 EP 181 DI 10.1016/j.virusres.2007.06.008 PG 10 WC Virology SC Virology GA 238XD UT WOS:000251480800019 PM 17643540 ER PT J AU O'Neil, ME Mack, KA Gilchrist, J Wozniak, EJ AF O'Neil, Mary Elizabeth Mack, Karin A. Gilchrist, Julie Wozniak, Edward J. TI Snakebite injuries treated in United States emergency departments, 2001-2004 SO WILDERNESS & ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE snake; snakebite; venomous snake; envenomation; wounds and injuries; surveillance ID VENOMOUS SNAKEBITES; SURVEILLANCE SYSTEM; ENVENOMATION; EPIDEMIOLOGY; CHILDREN; MANAGEMENT; EXPOSURE; ARIZONA; VISITS; UPDATE AB Objective.-Venomous and nonvenomous snakes are found throughout most of the United States. While the literature on treatment is robust, there is not a current national epidemiologic profile of snakebite injuries in the United States. National estimates of such injuries treated in emergency departments (EDs) are presented along with characteristics of the affected population. Methods.-Data on snakebite injuries were abstracted from the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System-All Injury Program (2001-04). Variables included age, gender, body part affected, cause, disposition, and treatment date. When available, location, intentionality of the interaction, and snake species were coded based on narrative comments. Estimates were weighted and analyzed with SPSS Complex Samples. Results.-An estimated 9873 snakebites were treated in US EDs each year between 2001 and 2004. Mates were more frequently seen in the ED for snakebites than were females (males: 72.0% [95% confidence interval (CI), 68.0-75.7]; females: 28.0% [95% CI, 24.3-32.0]). Approximately 32% of patients were known to be bitten by venomous species. Overall, more than one quarter of patients were hospitalized (27.9% [95% Cl, 15.9-44.2]), although 58.9% of patients with known venomous bites were hospitalized (95% Cl, 41.5-74.3). Conclusions.-While they are rare events, snakebites cause nearly 10000 visits to EDs for treatment every year. Epidemiologic data regarding snakebites provide practicing physicians with an understanding of the population affected and can help guide public health practitioners in their prevention efforts. C1 RTI Int Social & Stat Sci, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Mack, Karin A.] Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Unintent Injury Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Gilchrist, Julie] Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Wozniak, Edward J.] Texas A&M Univ, Hlth Sci Ctr, Inst Biosci & Technol, Houston, TX USA. RP O'Neil, ME (reprint author), RTI Int Social & Stat Sci, 2951 Flowers Rd S,Suite 119, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM MONeil@rti.org RI Mack, Karin/A-3263-2012 OI Mack, Karin/0000-0001-9274-3001 NR 43 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 2 U2 7 PU ALLIANCE COMMUNICATIONS GROUP DIVISION ALLEN PRESS PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 1080-6032 J9 WILD ENVIRON MED JI Wildern. Environ. Med. PD WIN PY 2007 VL 18 IS 4 BP 281 EP 287 DI 10.1580/06-WEME-OR-080R1.1 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Sport Sciences GA 244BB UT WOS:000251839900005 PM 18076294 ER PT J AU Masciotra, S Garrido, C Youngpairoj, AS McNulty, A Zahonero, N Corral, A Heneine, W De Mendoza, C Garcia-Lerma, JG AF Masciotra, Silvina Garrido, Carolina Youngpairoj, Ae S. McNulty, Amanda Zahonero, Natalia Corral, Angelica Heneine, Walid De Mendoza, Carmen Garcia-Lerma, J. Gerardo TI High concordance between HIV-1 drug resistance genotypes generated from plasma and dried blood spots in anti retroviral-experienced patients SO AIDS LA English DT Article DE antiretroviral therapy; dried blood spots; HIV drug resistance; protease inhibitors; reverse transcriptase inhibitors; surveillance ID ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; REVERSE-TRANSCRIPTASE; MONONUCLEAR-CELLS; FILTER-PAPER; INFECTED PATIENTS; WHOLE-BLOOD; SUBTYPE-B; VIRUS; PERFORMANCE; MUTATIONS AB Objective: Dried blood spots (DBS) are a convenient alternative to plasma for drug resistance testing in resource-limited settings. We investigated the correlation between resistance genotypes generated from DBS and plasma. Design: Sixty DBS specimens from HIV-1 subtype B-infected anti retroviral-experienced (n = 58) and naive patients (n = 2) were tested. DBS were prepared using 50 mu l blood and were stored with desiccant at -20 degrees C. Methods: Resistance genotypes from DBS were obtained using the ViroSeq HIV-1 assay and were compared with genotypes derived from plasma. The frequency of amplification of proviral DNA from DBS was evaluated using an in-house nested polymerase chain reaction assay. Results: Fifty of the 60 DBS specimens were successfully genotyped including all 38 specimens collected from patients with plasma viral loads greater than 2000 copies/ml and 12 of 22 DBS (54.5%) from patients with viral loads less than 2000 copies/ml. HIV-1 DNA was detected in 44.4% of the DBS. Despite the presence of DNA, genotypes from DBS and plasma were highly concordant. Of the 316 mutations found in plasma sequences, 306 (96.8%) were also found in DBS. Discrepancies were mostly caused by mixtures at minor protease positions or unusual amino acid changes, and in only two cases were caused by major protease (M46L) or reverse transcriptase (K103N) mutations absent in DBS sequences. Conclusion: We demonstrated a high concordance between resistance genotypes from plasma and DBS, and that resistance testing from DBS can achieve sensitive levels similar to those seen using plasma. Our results indicate that DBS may represent a feasible alternative to plasma for drug resistance testing in treated individuals. (C) 2007 Wolters Kluwer Health vertical bar Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. C1 [Garcia-Lerma, J. Gerardo] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Immunizat Program, Div HIV AIDS, Lab Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Masciotra, Silvina; Youngpairoj, Ae S.; McNulty, Amanda; Heneine, Walid; Garcia-Lerma, J. Gerardo] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Lab Branch,STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Garrido, Carolina; Zahonero, Natalia; Corral, Angelica; De Mendoza, Carmen] Hosp Carlos 3, Dept Infect Dis, Madrid, Spain. RP Garcia-Lerma, JG (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Immunizat Program, Div HIV AIDS, Lab Branch, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM ggarcia-Lerma@cdc.gov NR 30 TC 50 Z9 52 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0269-9370 J9 AIDS JI Aids PD NOV 30 PY 2007 VL 21 IS 18 BP 2503 EP 2511 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA 241DF UT WOS:000251636400016 PM 18025887 ER PT J AU Zhou, YB Yang, W Lurtz, MM Ye, YM Huang, Y Lee, HW Chen, YY Louis, CF Yang, JJ AF Zhou, Yubin Yang, Wei Lurtz, Monica M. Ye, Yiming Huang, Yun Lee, Hsiau-Wei Chen, Yanyi Louis, Charles F. Yang, Jenny J. TI Identification of the calmodulin binding domain of connexin 43 SO JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID LIGHT-CHAIN KINASE; GAP-JUNCTION CHANNELS; SPECTROSCOPIC CHARACTERIZATION; AQUEOUS TRIFLUOROETHANOL; MULTIDIMENSIONAL NMR; SECONDARY STRUCTURE; TARGET RECOGNITION; PEPTIDE; CALCIUM; CA2+ AB Calmodulin (CaM) has been implicated in mediating the Ca2+-dependent regulation of gap junctions. This report identifies a CaM-binding motif comprising residues 136-158 in the intracellular loop of Cx43. A 23-mer peptide encompassing this CaM-binding motif was shown to bind Ca2+-CaM with 1: 1 stoichiometry by using various biophysical approaches, including surface plasmon resonance, circular dichroism, fluorescence spectroscopy, and NMR. Far UV circular dichroism studies indicated that the Cx43-derived peptide increased its alpha-helical contents on CaM binding. Fluorescence and NMR studies revealed conformational changes of both the peptide and CaM following formation of the CaM-peptide complex. The apparent dissociation constant of the peptide binding to CaM in physiologic K+ is in the range of 0.7-1 mu M. Upon binding of the peptide to CaM, the apparent K-d of Ca2+ for CaM decreased from 2.9 +/- 0.1 to 1.6 +/- 0.1 mu M, and the Hill coefficient n(H) increased from 2.1 +/- 0.1 to 3.3 +/- 0.5. Transient expression in HeLa cells of two different mutant Cx43-EYFP constructs without the putative Cx43 CaM-binding site eliminated the Ca2+- dependent inhibition of Cx43 gap junction permeability, confirming that residues 136-158 in the intracellular loop of Cx43 contain the CaM-binding site that mediates the Ca2+-dependent regulation of Cx43 gap junctions. Our results provide the first direct evidence that CaM binds to a specific region of the ubiquitous gap junction protein Cx43 in a Ca2+-dependent manner, providing a molecular basis for the well characterized Ca2+-dependent inhibition of Cx43-containing gap junctions. C1 Georgia State Univ, Dept Chem, Atlanta, GA 30302 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Proteom Lab, Biotechnol Core Facil Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Cell Biol & Neurosci, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. RP Yang, JJ (reprint author), Georgia State Univ, Dept Chem, Univ Plaza, Atlanta, GA 30302 USA. EM chejjy@langate.gsu.edu RI LEE, HSIAU-WEI/A-1415-2012; Chen, Yanyi/H-7096-2013; Zhou, Yubin/D-4748-2011; OI Chen, Yanyi/0000-0002-7755-0882; Zhou, Yubin/0000-0001-7962-0517; Huang, Yun/0000-0001-5950-9168 FU NEI NIH HHS [EY-05684]; NIGMS NIH HHS [R01 GM062999, GM62999] NR 65 TC 48 Z9 49 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3996 USA SN 0021-9258 J9 J BIOL CHEM JI J. Biol. Chem. PD NOV 30 PY 2007 VL 282 IS 48 BP 35005 EP 35017 DI 10.1074/jbc.M707728200 PG 13 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 234IR UT WOS:000251155200045 PM 17901047 ER PT J AU Landry, L Phan, Q Kelly, S Phillips, K Onofrey, S Daly, ER Talbot, EA Fage, M Deasy, M Spayne, M Lynch, M Olson, CK AF Landry, L. Phan, Q. Kelly, S. Phillips, K. Onofrey, S. Daly, E. R. Talbot, E. A. Fage, M. Deasy, M. Spayne, M. Lynch, M. Olson, C. K. CA CDC TI Salmonella Oranienburg infections associated with fruit salad served in health-care facilities - northeastern United States and Canada, 2006 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 56, pg 1025-1028, 2007) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint ID STOOL CULTURES; CANTALOUPE; GUIDELINES C1 Publ Hlth Agcy Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada. Connecticut Dept Publ Hlth, Hartford, CT USA. Kentucky Dept Publ Hlth, Frankfort, KY USA. Maine Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Augusta, ME USA. Maine Dept Publ Hlth, Augusta, ME USA. New Hampshire Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Concord, NH 03301 USA. New York State Dept Hlth, Albany, NY 12237 USA. Penn Dept Hlth, Harrisburg, PA 17108 USA. Vermont Dept Hlth, Burlington, VT 05402 USA. CDC, Div Foodborne Bacterial & Mycot Dis, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Landry, L (reprint author), Publ Hlth Agcy Canada, Ottawa, ON, Canada. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD NOV 28 PY 2007 VL 298 IS 20 BP 2362 EP 2364 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 234KR UT WOS:000251163400009 ER PT J AU Ford, ES Capewell, S AF Ford, Earl S. Capewell, Simon TI Coronary heart disease mortality among young adults in the US from 1980 through 2002 SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID NUTRITION EXAMINATION SURVEY; ACUTE MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; IMPAIRED GLUCOSE-TOLERANCE; CASE-FATALITY RATES; UNITED-STATES; PRIMARY PREVENTION; NATIONAL-HEALTH; TEMPORAL TRENDS; SECULAR TRENDS; PREVALENCE AB Objectives The objective of our study was to examine age-specific mortality rates from coronary heart disease (CHD), particularly those among younger adults. Background Trends for obesity, diabetes, blood pressure, and metabolic syndrome among young adults raise concerns about the mortality rates from CHD in this group. Methods We used mortality data from 1980 to 2002 to calculate age-specific mortality rates from CHD for U.S. adults age 35 years. Results Overall, the age-adjusted mortality rate decreased by 52% in men and 49% in women. Among women age 35 to 54 years, the estimated annual percentage change (EAPC) in mortality was -5.4% (95% confidence interval [Cl] -5.8 to -4.9) from 1980 until 1989, -1.2% (95% CI -1.6 to -0.8) from 1989 until 2000, and 1.5% (95% CI -3.4 to 6.6) from 2000 until 2002. Among men age 35 to 54 years, the EAPC in mortality was -6.2% (95% CI -6.4 to -5.9) from 1980 until 1989, -2.3% (95% CI -2.6 to -2.1) from 1989 until 2000, and -0.5% (95% CI -3.7 to 2.9) from 2000 until 2002. Among women and men age >= 55 years, the estimated annual percentage decrease in mortality from CHD accelerated in more recent years compared with earlier periods. Conclusions The mortality rates for CHD among younger adults may serve as a sentinel event. Unfavorable trends in several risk factors for CHD provide a likely explanation for the observed mortality rates. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent, Div Adult & Commun Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. Univ Liverpool, Dept Publ Hlth, Liverpool L69 3BX, Merseyside, England. RP Ford, ES (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 4770 Buford Highway,MS K66, Atlanta, GA USA. EM eford@cdc.gov FU Medical Research Council [G0500920] NR 34 TC 300 Z9 307 U1 3 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0735-1097 J9 J AM COLL CARDIOL JI J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. PD NOV 27 PY 2007 VL 50 IS 22 BP 2128 EP 2132 DI 10.1016/j.jacc.2007.05.056 PG 5 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 236CZ UT WOS:000251281900005 PM 18036449 ER PT J AU AbouZahr, C Cleland, J Coullare, F Macfarlane, SB Notzon, FC Setel, P Szreter, S AF AbouZahr, Carla Cleland, John Coullare, Francesca Macfarlane, Sarah B. Notzon, Francis C. Setel, Philip Szreter, Simon CA MiVE Writing Grp TI Who counts? 4 - The way forward SO LANCET LA English DT Article ID NEONATAL DEATHS AB Good public-health decisionmaking is dependent on reliable and timely statistics on births and deaths (including the medical causes of death). All high-income countries, without exception, have national civil registration systems that record these events and generate regular, frequent, and timely vital statistics. By contrast, these statistics are not available in many low-income and lower-middle-income countries, even though it is in such settings that premature mortality is most severe and the need for robust evidence to back decisionmaking most critical. Civil registration also has a range of benefits for individuals in terms of legal status, and the protection of economic, social, and human rights. However, over the past 30 years, the global health and development community has failed to provide the needed technical and financial support to countries to develop civil registration systems. There is no single blueprint for establishing and maintaining such systems and ensuring the availability of sound vital statistics. Each country faces a different set of challenges, and strategies must be tailored accordingly. There are steps that can be taken, however, and we propose an approach that couples the application of methods to generate better vital statistics in the short term with capacity-building for comprehensive civil registration systems in the long run. C1 WHO, Hlth Metr Network, CH-1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland. London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, London WC1, England. UN Stat Div, New York, NY USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Atlanta, GA USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Atlanta, GA USA. Univ N Carolina, Dept Epidemiol & Anthropol, Chapel Hill, NC 27515 USA. Univ Cambridge, Hist Fac, Cambridge, England. Univ Cambridge, St Johns Coll, Cambridge, England. RP AbouZahr, C (reprint author), WHO, Hlth Metr Network, Ave Appia, CH-1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland. EM abouzahrc@who.int RI Rao, Chalapati/H-7645-2012 OI Rao, Chalapati/0000-0002-9554-0581 NR 37 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 2 PU LANCET LTD PI LONDON PA 84 THEOBALDS RD, LONDON WC1X 8RR, ENGLAND SN 0140-6736 J9 LANCET JI Lancet PD NOV 24 PY 2007 VL 370 IS 9601 BP 1791 EP 1799 DI 10.1016/S0140-6736(07)61310-5 PG 9 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 234DI UT WOS:000251140500024 PM 18029003 ER PT J AU Haber, P Slade, B Iskander, J AF Haber, Penina Slade, Barbara Iskander, John TI Letter to the editor SO VACCINE LA English DT Letter DE vaccine safety; Guillain-Barre Syndrome; side-effects; vaccine adverse event ID GUILLAIN-BARRE-SYNDROME; EVENT REPORTING SYSTEM; VACCINATION C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Office Chief Sci Officer Immunizat Safety, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Haber, P (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Office Chief Sci Officer Immunizat Safety, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM pyh0@cdc.gov NR 5 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD NOV 23 PY 2007 VL 25 IS 48 BP 8101 EP 8101 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2007.09.029 PG 1 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 238UG UT WOS:000251472600001 PM 17933441 ER PT J AU Theis, KA Hootman, JM Helmick, CG Murphy, L Bolen, J Langmaid, G Jones, GC AF Theis, K. A. Hootman, J. M. Helmick, C. G. Murphy, L. Bolen, J. Langmaid, G. Jones, G. C. CA CDC TI State-specific prevalence of arthritis-attributable work limitation - United States, 2003 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 56, pg 1045-1049, 2007) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint ID RHEUMATIC-DISEASES C1 Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. CDC, Div Human Dev & Disabil, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Theis, KA (reprint author), Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Adult & Community Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD NOV 21 PY 2007 VL 298 IS 19 BP 2255 EP 2256 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 232XV UT WOS:000251055900011 ER PT J AU Safranek, T SEmerena, S Huffman, T Theis, M Magri, J Torok, T Beach, MJ Buss, B AF Safranek, T. SEmerena, S. Huffman, T. Theis, M. Magri, J. Toeroek, T. Beach, M. J. Buss, B. CA CDC TI Ocular and respiratory illness associated with an indoor swimming pool - Nebraska, 2006 (Reprinted from MMWR, vol 929-032, 2007) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint C1 Nebraska Dept Hlth & Human Svcs, Lincoln, NE 68509 USA. CDC, Div Parasit Dis, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Safranek, T (reprint author), Nebraska Dept Hlth & Human Svcs, Lincoln, NE 68509 USA. NR 1 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD NOV 21 PY 2007 VL 298 IS 19 BP 2257 EP 2258 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 232XV UT WOS:000251055900012 ER PT J AU Markel, H Lipman, HB Navarro, JA Sloan, A Michalsen, J Stern, AM Cetron, MS AF Markel, Howard Lipman, Harvey B. Navarro, J. Alexander Sloan, Alexandra Michalsen, Joseph Stern, Alexandra Minna Cetron, Martin S. TI Nonpharmaceutical interventions implemented during the 1918-1919 influenza pandemic - Reply SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Letter C1 Univ Michigan, Sch Med, Ctr Hist Med, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Global Migrat & Quarantine, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Markel, H (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Sch Med, Ctr Hist Med, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. EM howard@umich.edu NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD NOV 21 PY 2007 VL 298 IS 19 BP 2261 EP 2261 DI 10.1001/jama.298.19.2261-a PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 232XV UT WOS:000251055900015 ER PT J AU Abramson, JS Pickering, LK Allos, BM Baker, C Beck, RL Gilsdorf, JR Hull, H Lett, S Lieu, T Mootrey, GT Morita, J Morse, DL Neuzil, K Stinchfield, P Sumaya, CV Treanor, JJ Womeodu, RJ AF Abramson, Jon S. Pickering, Larry K. Allos, Ban Mishu Baker, Carol Beck, Robert L. Gilsdorf, Janet R. Hull, Harry Lett, Susan Lieu, Tracy Mootrey, Gina T. Morita, Julia Morse, Dale L. Neuzil, Kathleen Stinchfield, Patricia Sumaya, Ciro Valent Treanor, John J. Womeodu, Robin J. CA Advisory Comm Immunization Practic TI Recommended Adult Immunization Schedule: United States, October 2007-September 2008 SO ANNALS OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Immunizat Serv Div, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Mootrey, GT (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Immunizat Serv Div, 1600 Clifton Rd NE, Mailstop E52, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM gmootrey@cdc.gov NR 1 TC 18 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER COLL PHYSICIANS PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE MALL WEST 6TH AND RACE ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-1572 USA SN 0003-4819 J9 ANN INTERN MED JI Ann. Intern. Med. PD NOV 20 PY 2007 VL 147 IS 10 BP 725 EP 729 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 235UJ UT WOS:000251259500007 ER PT J AU Kim, J Welcome, DE Dong, RG Song, WJ Hayden, C AF Kim, Jay Welcome, Daniel E. Dong, Ren G. Song, Won Joon Hayden, Charles TI Time-frequency characterization of hand-transmitted, impulsive vibrations using analytic wavelet transform SO JOURNAL OF SOUND AND VIBRATION LA English DT Article ID INDUCED WHITE FINGER; RAYNAUDS-PHENOMENON; ARM SYSTEM; EXPOSURE; TOOLS AB Current guidelines to assess health risk of hand-arm vibration are based on the frequency-weighted rms acceleration level, therefore do not fully consider the effect of temporal variations of the spectral energy. Time averaging effect involved with the frequency analysis may severely underestimate the risk of impact tools. A time-frequency (T-F) analysis is necessary to characterize a highly transient signal whose spectral characteristics change rapidly in time. The analytic wavelet transform (AWT) is an ideal T-F analysis tool as it possesses the advantages of both the Fourier and wavelet transforms. The AWT is applied to acceleration signals measured from six tools, five impact type tools and one relatively steady-type tool, to explore possible improvements of the current risk assessment method of hand-arm vibration exposure. Based on the unique capability of the AWT, several new concepts including frequency-weighted time history, cumulative injury function, and cumulative injury index are defined in this study. Possible applications of these new concepts to hand-arm vibration research are described. Based on the results from this study, needs for future research are discussed. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 Univ Cincinnati, Mech Ind & Nuck Engn Dept, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. NIOSH, Engn Control & Technol Branch, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. NIOSH, Engn & Phys Hazards Branch, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. RP Kim, J (reprint author), Univ Cincinnati, Mech Ind & Nuck Engn Dept, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. EM jay.kim@uc.edu NR 20 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 2 U2 6 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0022-460X J9 J SOUND VIB JI J. Sound Vibr. PD NOV 20 PY 2007 VL 308 IS 1-2 BP 98 EP 111 DI 10.1016/j.jsv.2007.07.046 PG 14 WC Acoustics; Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Acoustics; Engineering; Mechanics GA 220DR UT WOS:000250137600007 ER PT J AU Gilbert, MTP Rambaut, A Wlasiuk, G Spira, TJ Pitchenik, AE Worobey, M AF Gilbert, M. Thomas P. Rambaut, Andrew Wlasiuk, Gabriela Spira, Thomas J. Pitchenik, Arthur E. Worobey, Michael TI The emergence of HIV/AIDS in the Americas and beyond SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE evolution; pandemic; phylogeny; archival; Haiti ID ACQUIRED IMMUNODEFICIENCY SYNDROME; HOMOSEXUAL MEN; HIV-1; POPULATION; AIDS; STRAINS; TYPE-1; TRANSMISSION; INFECTION; SEQUENCES AB HIV-1 group M subtype B was the first HIV discovered and is the predominant variant of AIDS virus in most countries outside of sub-Saharan Africa. However, the circumstances of its origin and emergence remain unresolved. Here we propose a geographic sequence and time line for the origin of subtype B and the emergence of pandemic HIV/AIDS out of Africa. Using HIV-1 gene sequences recovered from archival samples from some of the earliest known Haitian AIDS patients, we find that subtype B likely moved from Africa to Haiti in or around 1966 (1962-1970) and then spread there for some years before successfully dispersing elsewhere. A "pandemic" clade, encompassing the vast majority of non-Haitian subtype B infections in the United States and elsewhere around the world, subsequently emerged after a single migration of the virus out of Haiti in or around 1969 (1966-1972). Haiti appears to have the oldest HIV/AIDS epidemic outside sub-Saharan Africa and the most genetically diverse subtype B epidemic, which might present challenges for HIV-1 vaccine design and testing. The emergence of the pandemic variant of subtype B was an important turning point in the history of AIDS, but its spread was likely driven by ecological rather than evolutionary factors. Our results suggest that HIV-1 circulated cryptically in the United States for approximate to 12 years before the recognition of AIDS in 1981. C1 Univ Arizona, Dept Ecol & Evolut Biol, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. Univ Copenhagen, Niels Bohr Inst, Ctr Ancient Genet, Ancient DNA & Evolut Grp, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. Univ Copenhagen, Inst Biol, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. Univ Edinburgh, Inst Evolutionary Biol, Edinburgh EH9 3JT, Midlothian, Scotland. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. Univ Miami, Dept Med, Miami, FL 33125 USA. RP Worobey, M (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Dept Ecol & Evolut Biol, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. EM worobey@email.arizona.edu RI Gilbert, Marcus/A-8936-2013; OI Gilbert, Marcus/0000-0002-5805-7195; Rambaut, Andrew/0000-0003-4337-3707 NR 34 TC 132 Z9 137 U1 7 U2 61 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD NOV 20 PY 2007 VL 104 IS 47 BP 18566 EP 18570 DI 10.1073/pnas.0705329104 PG 5 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 236HB UT WOS:000251292500041 PM 17978186 ER PT J AU Hoffman, R Xu, MJ Roda, PI Jumaan, A Lewis, B Gotway, CA Seaman, V AF Hoffman, Ronald Xu, Mingjiang Roda, Paul I. Jumaan, Aisha Lewis, Brian Gotway, Carol A. Seaman, Vincent TI Evidence for an environmental influence leading to the development of JAK2V617F-positive polycythemia vera: A molecular epidemiological study SO BLOOD LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 49th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Hematology CY DEC 08-11, 2007 CL Atlanta, GA SP Amer Soc Hematol C1 [Hoffman, Ronald; Xu, Mingjiang] Mt Sinai Sch Med, MPD Res Alliance Consortium, New York, NY USA. [Roda, Paul I.] NE Med Oncol, Hazleton, PA USA. [Jumaan, Aisha; Lewis, Brian; Seaman, Vincent] Agcy Toxic Substances Dis Registry, Atlanta, GA USA. [Gotway, Carol A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Hoffman, Ronald; Xu, Mingjiang] Univ Illinois, Chicago, IL 60680 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HEMATOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1900 M STREET. NW SUITE 200, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD NOV 16 PY 2007 VL 110 IS 11 MA 264 BP 85A EP 85A PN 1 PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 233OS UT WOS:000251100800265 ER PT J AU Friese, CR Abel, GA Magazu, LA Neville, BA Richardson, LC Earle, CC AF Friese, Christopher R. Abel, Gregory A. Magazu, Lysa A. Neville, Bridget A. Richardson, Lisa C. Earle, Craig C. TI Predictors of diagnosis delay and complications for newly-diagnosed myeloma patients. SO BLOOD LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 49th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Hematology CY DEC 08-11, 2007 CL Atlanta, GA SP Amer Soc Hematol C1 [Friese, Christopher R.; Abel, Gregory A.; Magazu, Lysa A.; Neville, Bridget A.; Earle, Craig C.] Dana Farber Canc Inst, Ctr Outcomes & Policy Res, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Friese, Christopher R.; Earle, Craig C.] Harvard Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Soc Human Dev & Hlth, Boston, MA USA. [Abel, Gregory A.; Earle, Craig C.] Harvard Med Sch, Dept Med, Boston, MA USA. [Richardson, Lisa C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC HEMATOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1900 M STREET. NW SUITE 200, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD NOV 16 PY 2007 VL 110 IS 11 MA 368 BP 115A EP 116A PN 1 PG 2 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 233OS UT WOS:000251100800369 ER PT J AU Kouides, PA Heit, JA Philipp, CS Stein, SF Lukes, AS Byams, VR Dowling, NF Evatt, BL Miller, CR Owens, S Skerette, N Kulkarni, R AF Kouides, Peter A. Heit, John A. Philipp, Claire S. Stein, Sid F. Lukes, Andrea S. Byams, Vanessa R. Dowling, Nicole F. Evatt, Bruce L. Miller, Connie R. Owens, Sally Skerette, Nyasha Kulkarni, Roshini TI A multi-site, prospective cross-over study of intranasal desmopressin, and oral tranexamic acid in women with menorrhagia and abnormal laboratory hemostasis. SO BLOOD LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 49th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Hematology CY DEC 08-11, 2007 CL Atlanta, GA SP Amer Soc Hematol C1 [Kouides, Peter A.] Rochester Gen Hosp, Rochester, NY 14621 USA. [Heit, John A.] Mayo Clin, Rochester, MN USA. [Philipp, Claire S.] Univ Med & Dent New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ USA. [Stein, Sid F.] Emory Sch Med, Atlanta, GA USA. [Lukes, Andrea S.] Duke Univ, Sch Med, Durham, NC USA. [Byams, Vanessa R.; Dowling, Nicole F.; Evatt, Bruce L.; Miller, Connie R.; Owens, Sally; Skerette, Nyasha; Kulkarni, Roshini] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Blood Disorders, Atlanta, GA USA. [Kulkarni, Roshini] Michigan State Univ, Sch Med, Lansing, MI USA. NR 0 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC HEMATOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1900 M STREET. NW SUITE 200, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD NOV 16 PY 2007 VL 110 IS 11 MA 711 BP 218A EP 218A PN 1 PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 233OS UT WOS:000251100800712 ER PT J AU Larsen, NM Oakley, MA Soucie, JM AF Larsen, Nina M. Oakley, Meredith A. Soucie, J. Michael CA UDC Invest TI Mortality rate and risk factors among males with hemophilia receiving care in US hemophilia treatment Centers (HTCs). SO BLOOD LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 49th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Hematology CY DEC 08-11, 2007 CL Atlanta, GA SP Amer Soc Hematol C1 [Larsen, Nina M.; Oakley, Meredith A.; Soucie, J. Michael] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Blood Disorders, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HEMATOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1900 M STREET. NW SUITE 200, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD NOV 16 PY 2007 VL 110 IS 11 BP 346A EP 347A PN 1 PG 2 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 233OS UT WOS:000251100801412 ER PT J AU Miller, CH Platt, SJ Abshire, T Brettler, D Brockenstedt, P DiPaola, J Massey, G Neff, A Shapiro, A Tarantino, M Wicklund, B Creary, M Soucie, JM AF Miller, Connie H. Platt, S. Jean Abshire, Thomas Brettler, Doreen Brockenstedt, Paula DiPaola, Jorge Massey, Gita Neff, Anne Shapiro, Amy Tarantino, Michael Wicklund, Brian Creary, Melissa Soucie, J. Michael TI Experience with a modified Nijmegen-Bethesda method for measurement of inhibitors in hemophilia patients: The CDC inhibitor surveillance pilot project. SO BLOOD LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 49th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Hematology CY DEC 08-11, 2007 CL Atlanta, GA SP Amer Soc Hematol C1 [Miller, Connie H.; Platt, S. Jean; Soucie, J. Michael] CDC, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Abshire, Thomas] Emory Univ, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Brettler, Doreen] Univ Massachusetts, Mem Med Ctr, Worcester, MA 01605 USA. [Brockenstedt, Paula] Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [DiPaola, Jorge] Univ Iowa Hosp, Iowa City, IA USA. [Massey, Gita] Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Richmond, VA USA. [Neff, Anne] Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN USA. [Shapiro, Amy] Ctr Thrombosis & Hemostasis, Indianapolis, IN USA. [Tarantino, Michael] Comprehens Bleeding Disorders Ctr, Peoria, IL USA. [Wicklund, Brian] Childrens Mercy Hosp, Kansas City, MO 64108 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HEMATOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1900 M STREET. NW SUITE 200, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD NOV 16 PY 2007 VL 110 IS 11 BP 350A EP 350A PN 1 PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 233OS UT WOS:000251100801425 ER PT J AU Creary, MS Soucie, JM Miller, CH Hooper, WC Abshire, TC Brettler, DB Pockenstedt, PL DiPaola, J Massey, G Neff, AT Shapiro, AD Tarantino, MD Wicklund, BM DiMichele, D AF Creary, Melissa S. Soucie, John M. Miller, Connie H. Hooper, W. C. Abshire, Thomas C. Brettler, Doreen B. Pockenstedt, Paula L. DiPaola, Jorge Massey, Gita Neff, Anne T. Shapiro, Amy D. Tarantino, Michael D. Wicklund, Brian M. DiMichele, Donna CA Hemophilia Treatment Ctr TI US inhibitor pilot project: Participant characteristics and infusion log adherence SO BLOOD LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 49th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Hematology CY DEC 08-11, 2007 CL Atlanta, GA SP Amer Soc Hematol C1 [Creary, Melissa S.; Soucie, John M.; Miller, Connie H.; Hooper, W. C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Blood Disorders, Atlanta, GA USA. [Abshire, Thomas C.] Emory Univ, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Brettler, Doreen B.] Univ Massachusetts, Med Ctr, Worcester, MA USA. [Pockenstedt, Paula L.] Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [DiPaola, Jorge] Univ Iowa Hosp & Clin, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. [Massey, Gita] Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Richmond, VA USA. [Neff, Anne T.] Vanderbilt Univ, Nashville, TN USA. [Shapiro, Amy D.] Indiana Hemophilia & Thrombosis Ctr, Indianapolis, IN USA. [Tarantino, Michael D.] Comprehens Bleeding Disorders Ctr, Peoria, IL USA. [Wicklund, Brian M.] Childrens Mercy Hosp, Kansas City, MO 64108 USA. [DiMichele, Donna] Cornell Univ, Weill Med Coll, New York, NY USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HEMATOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1900 M STREET. NW SUITE 200, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD NOV 16 PY 2007 VL 110 IS 11 MA 1162 BP 352A EP 352A PN 1 PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 233OS UT WOS:000251100801431 ER PT J AU Austin, H Lally, C Benson, JM Whitsett, C Hooper, WC Key, NS AF Austin, Harland Lally, Cathy Benson, Jane M. Whitsett, Carolyn Hooper, W. Craig Key, Nigel S. TI Sickle cell trait, oral contraceptives, and the risk of venous thromboembolism SO BLOOD LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 49th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Hematology CY DEC 08-11, 2007 CL Atlanta, GA SP Amer Soc Hematol C1 [Austin, Harland; Lally, Cathy] Emory Univ, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Benson, Jane M.; Hooper, W. Craig] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Blood Disorders, Atlanta, GA USA. [Key, Nigel S.] Univ N Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Whitsett, Carolyn] Emory Crawford Long Hosp, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER SOC HEMATOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1900 M STREET. NW SUITE 200, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD NOV 16 PY 2007 VL 110 IS 11 MA 1627 BP 485A EP 485A PN 1 PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 233OS UT WOS:000251100802149 ER PT J AU Metjian, AD Sood, SL Cuker, A Peterson, SM Wang, C Soucie, JM Konkle, BA AF Metjian, Ara D. Sood, Suman L. Cuker, Adam Peterson, Susan M. Wang, Chengbin Soucie, J. Michael Konkle, Barbara A. CA Udc Invest TI Bleeding symptoms and laboratory correlation in 150 patients with severe von Willebrand disease SO BLOOD LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 49th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Hematology CY DEC 08-11, 2007 CL Atlanta, GA SP Amer Soc Hematol C1 [Metjian, Ara D.; Sood, Suman L.; Cuker, Adam; Konkle, Barbara A.] Univ Penn, Div Hematol Oncol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Peterson, Susan M.] Univ Kentucky, Hemophilia Treatment Ctr, Lexington, KY USA. [Wang, Chengbin; Soucie, J. Michael] Ctr Dis Control, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC HEMATOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1900 M STREET. NW SUITE 200, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD NOV 16 PY 2007 VL 110 IS 11 MA 2134 BP 635A EP 635A PN 1 PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 233OS UT WOS:000251100802656 ER PT J AU Rose, SS Faiz, A Miller, CH Saidi, P Philipp, CS AF Rose, Shelonitda S. Faiz, Arnbarina Miller, Connie H. Saidi, Parvin Philipp, Claire S. TI Laboratory response to intranasal desmopressin in women with menorrhagia and underlying platelet dysfunction. SO BLOOD LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 49th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Hematology CY DEC 08-11, 2007 CL Atlanta, GA SP Amer Soc Hematol C1 [Rose, Shelonitda S.; Faiz, Arnbarina; Saidi, Parvin; Philipp, Claire S.] Univ Med & Dent New Jersey, Robert Wood Johnson Med Sch, Div Hematol, New Brunswick, NJ USA. [Miller, Connie H.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Birth Defects Ctr & Dev Disabilities, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC HEMATOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1900 M STREET. NW SUITE 200, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0006-4971 J9 BLOOD JI Blood PD NOV 16 PY 2007 VL 110 IS 11 MA 3201 BP 940A EP 940A PN 1 PG 1 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 233OS UT WOS:000251100804238 ER PT J AU Boyer, AE Quinn, CP Woolfitt, AR Pirkle, JL McWilliams, LG Stamey, KL Bagarozzi, DA Hart, JC Barr, JR AF Boyer, Anne E. Quinn, Conrad P. Woolfitt, Adrian R. Pirkle, James L. McWilliams, Lisa G. Stamey, Karen L. Bagarozzi, Dennis A. Hart, John C., Jr. Barr, John R. TI Detection and quantification of anthrax lethal factor in serum by mass spectrometry SO ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID BACILLUS-ANTHRACIS; PROTECTIVE ANTIGEN; INHALATION ANTHRAX; TOXIN; DIFFERENTIATION; IDENTIFICATION; SUBSTRATE; HOST; MS AB infection is a complex of protective antigen, which localizes the toxin to the cell receptor, and lethal factor (LF), a zinc-dependent endoproteinase whose known targets include five members of the mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MAPKK) family of response regulators. We have developed a method for detecting functional LF in serum. Anti-LF murine monoclonal antibodies immobilized on magnetic protein G beads were used to capture and concentrate the LF from serum. The captured LF was exposed to an optimized MAPKK based peptide substrate, which it hydrolyzed into two smaller peptides. The LF cleavage products were then analyzed by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MS) and quantified by isotope dilution-MS. The entire analytical method can be performed in less than 4 h with detection of LF levels as low as 0.05 ng/mL. The method was used to quantify LF levels in serum from rhesus macaques infected with B. anthracis. Serum samples obtained at day 2 postinfection contained 30-250 ng/mL LF and illustrated the clear potential to detect LF earlier in the infection cycle. This method represents a highly specific and rapid diagnostic tool for early anthrax and has a potential additional role as a research tool for understanding toxemia and effects of medical countermeasures for anthrax. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Div Sci Lab, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Div Bacterial Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Battelle Mem Inst, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Preparedness Detect & Control Infect Dis, Div Sci Resources, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Barr, JR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Div Sci Lab, 4770 Buford Highway NE, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM JBarr@cdc.gov NR 31 TC 58 Z9 60 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0003-2700 J9 ANAL CHEM JI Anal. Chem. PD NOV 15 PY 2007 VL 79 IS 22 BP 8463 EP 8470 DI 10.1021/ac701741s PG 8 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 231HN UT WOS:000250937500006 PM 17929949 ER PT J AU Espey, DK Wu, XC Swan, J Wiggins, C Jim, MA Ward, E Wingo, PA Howe, HL Ries, LAG Miller, BA Jemal, A Ahmed, F Cobb, N Kaur, JS Edwards, BK AF Espey, David K. Wu, Xiao-Cheng Swan, Judith Wiggins, Charles Jim, Melissa A. Ward, Elizabeth Wingo, Phyllis A. Howe, Holly L. Ries, Lynn A. G. Miller, Barry A. Jemal, Ahmedin Ahmed, Faruque Cobb, Nathaniel Kaur, Judith S. Edwards, Brenda K. TI Annual report to the nation on the status of cancer, 1975-2004, featuring cancer in American Indians and Alaska natives SO CANCER LA English DT Editorial Material DE cancer; incidence; mortality; American Indian; Alaska native; National Program of Cancer Registries; surveillance; epidemiology; and end results; American Cancer Society; North American Association of Central Cancer Registries; US; health disparity ID ADVANCED PROSTATE-CANCER; RENAL-CELL CARCINOMA; UNITED-STATES; COLORECTAL-CANCER; NEW-MEXICO; LUNG-CANCER; HELICOBACTER-PYLORI; CIGARETTE-SMOKING; GASTRIC-CANCER; INTERNATIONAL TRENDS AB BACKGROUND. The American Cancer Society; the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the National Cancer Institute, and the North American Association of Central Cancer Registries collaborate annually to provide updated information on cancer occurrence and trends in the U.S. The 2007 report features a comprehensive compilation of cancer information for American Indians and Alaska Natives (AI/AN). METHODS. Cancer incidence data were available for up to 82% of the U.S. population. Cancer deaths were available for the entire U.S. population. Long-term (1975 through 2004) and fixed-interval (1995 through 2004) incidence and mortality trends were evaluated by annual percent change using regression analyses (2-sided P < .05). Cancer screening, risk factors, socioeconomic characteristics, incidence data, and stage were compiled for non-Hispanic whites (NHW) and AI/AN across 6 regions of the U.S. RESULTS. Overall cancer death rates decreased by 2.1% per year from 2002 through 2004, nearly twice the annual decrease of 1.1% per year from 1993 through 2002. Among men and women, death rates declined for most cancers. Among women, lung cancer incidence rates no longer were increasing and death rates, although they still were increasing slightly, were increasing at a much slower rate than in the past. Breast cancer incidence rates in women decreased 3.5% per year from 2001 to 2004, the first decrease observed in 20 years. Colorectal cancer incidence and death rates and prostate cancer death rates declined, with colorectal cancer death rates dropping more sharply from 2002 through 2004. Overall, rates for AI/AN were lower than for NHW from 1999 through 2004 for most cancers, but they were higher for cancers of the stomach, liver, cervix, kidney, and gallbladder. Regional analyses, however, revealed high rates for AI/AN in the Northern and Southern Plains and Alaska. For cancers of the breast, colon and rectum, prostate, and cervix, AI/AN were less likely than NHW to be diagnosed at localized stages. CONCLUSIONS. For all races/ethnicities combined in the U.S., favorable trends in incidence and mortality were noted for lung and colorectal cancer in men and women and for breast cancer in women. For the AI/AN population, lower overall cancer incidence and death rates obscured important variations by geographic regions and less favorable healthcare access and socioeconomic status. Enhanced tobacco control and cancer screening, especially in the Northern and Southern Plains and Alaska, emerged as clear priorities. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA USA. N Amer Assoc Cent Canc Registries, Springfield, IL USA. Louisiana State Univ, Hlth Sci Ctr, Sch Publ Hlth, Program Epidemiol,Louisiana Tumor Reg, New Orleans, LA USA. NCI, Div Canc Control & Populat Sci, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Univ New Mexico, New Mexico Tumor Reg, Albuquerque, NM 87131 USA. Amer Canc Soc, Epidemiol & Surveillance Res Dept, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. Indian Hlth Serv, Div Epidemiol & Dis Prevent, Albuquerque, NM USA. Mayo Clin, Coll Med, Dept Oncol, Rochester, MN USA. RP Espey, DK (reprint author), Indian Hlth Serv, Ctr Dis Prevent & Control, Div Epidemiol & Dis Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, 5300 Homestead NE, Albuquerque, NM 87110 USA. EM david.espey@ihs.gov NR 165 TC 314 Z9 320 U1 3 U2 18 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0008-543X J9 CANCER-AM CANCER SOC JI Cancer PD NOV 15 PY 2007 VL 110 IS 10 BP 2119 EP 2152 DI 10.1002/cncr.23044 PG 34 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 230XZ UT WOS:000250911000001 PM 17939129 ER PT J AU McDonald, LC AF McDonald, L. Clifford TI Confronting Clostridium difficile in inpatient health care facilities SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Editorial Material ID DISEASE; DIARRHEA; INFECTION; OUTBREAK; STRAIN C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. RP McDonald, LC (reprint author), 1600 Clifton Rd,MS A31, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM cmcdonald1@cdc.gov NR 23 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD NOV 15 PY 2007 VL 45 IS 10 BP 1274 EP 1276 DI 10.1086/522655 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 222RY UT WOS:000250315900003 PM 17968820 ER PT J AU Posey, DL Blackburn, BG Weinberg, M Flagg, EW Ortega, L Wilson, M Secor, WE Sanders-Lewis, K Won, K Maguire, JH AF Posey, Drew L. Blackburn, Brian G. Weinberg, Michelle Flagg, Elaine W. Ortega, Luis Wilson, Marianna Secor, W. Evan Sanders-Lewis, Kolby Won, Kimberly Maguire, James H. TI High prevalence and presumptive treatment of schistosomiasis and strongyloidiasis among African refugees SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID INTESTINAL PARASITES; UNITED-STATES; STERCORALIS INFECTION; COST-EFFECTIVENESS; IMMIGRANTS; DIAGNOSIS; EOSINOPHILIA; ANTIBODIES; MANSONI AB Background. Schistosomiasis and strongyloidiasis cause substantial morbidity and mortality among hundreds of millions of infected persons worldwide. In the United States, these infections are most commonly found among international travelers, immigrants, and refugees from areas of endemicity. Refugees resettled to the United States since 2000 include 13800 "Lost Boys and Girls" of Sudan and 8000 Somali Bantu. Many Lost Boys and Girls of Sudan reported chronic abdominal pain only since arrival, and some received diagnoses of schistosomiasis or strongyloidiasis. We assessed seroprevalence of these infections among these refugees and hypothesized an association between infection and abdominal pain. Methods. We offered a survey assessing chronic abdominal pain and serologic testing for schistosomiasis and strongyloidiasis to all 800 attendees of a Lost Boys and Girls of Sudan reunion in the United States. Serologic testing was performed on preimmigration specimens obtained from 100 United States-bound Somali Bantu refugees. Results. Of the 462 Sudanese refugees (58%) tested, 44% and 46% were seropositive for schistosomiasis ( primarily due to Schistosoma mansoni) and strongyloidiasis, respectively; 24% of those who tested positive for schistosomiasis had S. mansoni antigenemia. Forty-six percent reported chronic abdominal pain, which was not associated with either infection. Among 100 Somali Bantu, 73% and 23% tested seropositive for schistosomiasis (primarily due to Schistosoma haematobium) and strongyloidiasis, respectively. Conclusions. The high seroprevalence of schistosomiasis and strongyloidiasis among Sudanese Lost Boys and Girls and Somali Bantu refugees supports presumptive treatment for these refugees. Current refugee resettlement policies inadequately address these diseases; our data support consideration of predeparture presumptive therapy for all refugees from areas of endemicity. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Workforce & Career Dev, Epidem Intelligence Serv Program, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Posey, DL (reprint author), 1600 Clifton Rd,Mailstop E-03, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM dposey@cdc.gov NR 30 TC 44 Z9 49 U1 0 U2 2 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD NOV 15 PY 2007 VL 45 IS 10 BP 1310 EP 1315 DI 10.1086/522529 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 222RY UT WOS:000250315900009 PM 17968826 ER PT J AU Sutton, M Sternberg, M Koumans, EH McQuillan, G Berman, S Markowitz, L AF Sutton, Madeline Sternberg, Maya Koumans, Emilia H. McQuillan, Geraldine Berman, Stuart Markowitz, Lauri TI The prevalence of Trichomonas vaginalis infection among reproductive-age women in the United States, 2001-2004 SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 54th Annual Clinical Meeting of the American-College-of-Obstetricians-and-Gynecologists CY MAY 06-10, 2006 CL Washington, DC SP Amer Coll Obstetricians & Gynecologists ID SEXUALLY-TRANSMITTED-DISEASES; POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; LOW-BIRTH-WEIGHT; AMERICAN YOUTH; RISK-FACTORS; SPECIMENS; CULTURE; PCR; TRANSMISSION; ADOLESCENT AB Background. Trichomonas vaginalis infection is a common sexually transmitted protozoal infection and is associated with several adverse health outcomes, such as preterm birth, delivery of a low-birth weight infant, and facilitation of sexual transmission of human immunodeficiency virus. The annual incidence in the United States has been estimated to be 3-5 million cases. However, there are no data on the prevalence of trichomoniasis among all reproductive-age women. We estimated the prevalence of T. vaginalis infection from a nationally representative sample of women in the United States. Methods. Women aged 14-49 years who participated in the National Health and Examination Survey cycles for 2001-2004 provided self-collected vaginal swab specimens. The vaginal fluids extracted from these swabs were evaluated for the presence of T. vaginalis using polymerase chain reaction. Results. Overall, 3754 (81%) of 4646 women provided swab specimens. The prevalence of T. vaginalis infection was 3.1% (95% confidence interval [CI], 2.3%-4.3%); for non-Hispanic white women, it was 1.3% ( 95% CI, 0.7%-2.3%); for Mexican American women, it was 1.8% ( 95% CI, 0.9%-3.7%); and for non-Hispanic black women, it was 13.3% ( 95% CI, 10.0%-17.7%). Factors that remained associated with increased likelihood of T. vaginalis infection in multivariable analyses included non-Hispanic black race/ethnicity, being born in the United States, a greater number of lifetime sex partners, increasing age, lower educational level, poverty, and douching. Conclusions. The prevalence of T. vaginalis infection among women in the United States was 3.1%. A significant racial disparity exists; the prevalence among non-Hispanic black women was 10.3 times higher than that among non-Hispanic white and Mexican American women. Optimal prevention and control strategies for T. vaginalis infection should be explored as a means of closing the racial disparity gaps and decreasing adverse health outcomes due to T. vaginalis infection. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis Sexually Transm, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. US Dept HHS, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD USA. RP Sutton, M (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis Sexually Transm, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop E-45, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM zxa3@cdc.gov NR 42 TC 168 Z9 173 U1 0 U2 5 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD NOV 15 PY 2007 VL 45 IS 10 BP 1319 EP 1326 DI 10.1086/522532 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 222RY UT WOS:000250315900011 PM 17968828 ER PT J AU McQuillan, GM Kruszon-Moran, D Hyde, TB Forghani, B Bellini, W Dayan, GH AF McQuillan, Geraldine M. Kruszon-Moran, Deanna Hyde, Terri B. Forghani, Bagher Bellini, William Dayan, Gustavo H. TI Seroprevalence of measles antibody in the US population, 1999-2004 SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; IMMUNITY; VACCINATION; SEROSURVEY; RECRUITS; CHILDREN; RUBELLA; SCHOOL AB Background. Endemic measles transmission was declared eliminated in the United States in 2000. To ensure that elimination can be maintained, high population immunity must be sustained and monitored. Testing for measles antibody was included in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES), a nationally representative survey, conducted during 1999-2004. Methods. A measles-specific immunoassay was used to measure the seroprevalence of measles antibody in NHANES participants 6-49 years of age. For analysis, participants were grouped by birth cohort. Results. During 1999-2004, the rate of measles seropositivity in the population overall was 95.9% (95% confidence interval [CI], 95.1%-96.5%). The highest seroprevalence of measles antibody was in non-Hispanic blacks (98.6% [95% CI, 98.0%-99.1%]). Those born during 1967-1976 had significantly lower levels of measles antibody (92.4% [95% CI, 90.8%-93.9%]) than did the other birth cohorts. Independent predictors of measles seropositivity in the 1967-1976 birth cohort were non-Hispanic/black race/ethnicity, more than a high school education, having health insurance, and birth outside the United States. Conclusions. Measles seropositivity was uniformly high in the US population during 1999-2004. Nearly all population subgroups had evidence of measles seropositivity levels greater than the estimated threshold necessary to sustain measles elimination. Non-Hispanic whites and Mexican Americans born during 1967-1976 had the lowest measles seropositivity levels and represent populations that might be at increased risk for measles disease if the virus were reintroduced into the United States. C1 Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Hlth & Nutr Examinat Surveys, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Div Viral Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Global Immunizat Div, Atlanta, GA USA. Calif State Dept Publ Hlth, Viral & Rickettsial Dis Lab, Richmond, CA USA. RP McQuillan, GM (reprint author), Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Hlth & Nutr Examinat Surveys, 3311 Toledo Rd,,Rm 4204, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. EM gmm2@cdc.gov NR 29 TC 36 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD NOV 15 PY 2007 VL 196 IS 10 BP 1459 EP 1464 DI 10.1086/522866 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 231BP UT WOS:000250921800007 PM 18008224 ER PT J AU Sakamoto, T Tanaka, Y Simonetti, J Osiowy, C Borresen, ML Koch, A Kurbanov, F Sugiyama, M Minuk, GY McMahon, BJ Joh, T Mizokami, M AF Sakamoto, Tomoyuki Tanaka, Yasuhito Simonetti, Josephine Osiowy, Carla Borresen, Malene L. Koch, Anders Kurbanov, Fuat Sugiyama, Masaya Minuk, Gerald Y. McMahon, Brian J. Joh, Takashi Mizokami, Masashi TI Classification of hepatitis B virus genotype B into 2 major types based on characterization of a novel subgenotype in Arctic indigenous populations SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID HEPATOCELLULAR-CARCINOMA; CORE PROMOTER; SUBTYPES; RECOMBINATION; MUTATIONS; STRAINS; JAPAN; RISK AB Hepatitis B virus genotype B (HBV/B) has been classified into 5 subgenotypes. Except for Bj/B1 in Japan, the subgenotypes (Ba/B2-B5) have undergone recombination with HBV/C in the core promoter/precore/core genomic region. Phylogenetic analyses of complete sequences show that the Arctic strains belong to a novel subgenotype (HBV/B6) without the recombination, analogous to what is seen with Bj/B1. Comparison of 50 HBV/B6 carriers from the Arctic versus 50 Bj and 50 Ba ageand sex-matched carriers from Asia revealed that clinical characteristics of HBV/B6 carriers were similar to those of Bj/B1 carriers in Japan. The results suggest that HBV/B may be classified into nonrecombinant (Bj/B1 and B6) and recombinant (Ba/B2-B5) types. C1 Nagoya City Univ, Sch Med Sci, Dept Clin Mol Informat Med, Nagoya, Aichi 4678601, Japan. Nagoya City Univ, Sch Med Sci, Dept Gastroenterol & Metab, Nagoya, Aichi 4678601, Japan. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Arct Invest Program, Anchorage, AK USA. Alaska Native Med, Liver Dis & Hepatitis Program, Anchorage, AK USA. Univ Manitoba, Dept Med, Winnipeg, MB, Canada. Statens Serum Inst, Dept Epidemiol Res, DK-2300 Copenhagen, Denmark. RP Sakamoto, T (reprint author), Nagoya City Univ, Sch Med Sci, Dept Clin Mol Informat Med, Nagoya, Aichi 4678601, Japan. EM mizokami@med.nagoya-cu.ac.jp OI Kurbanov, Fuat/0000-0003-0536-3276; Koch, Anders/0000-0001-9205-1048 FU PHS HHS [1U26 94 00005-01] NR 15 TC 45 Z9 46 U1 1 U2 1 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD NOV 15 PY 2007 VL 196 IS 10 BP 1487 EP 1492 DI 10.1086/523111 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 231BP UT WOS:000250921800011 PM 18008228 ER PT J AU Belser, JA Lu, XH Szretter, KJ Jin, XP Aschenbrenner, LM Lee, A Hawley, S Kim, DH Malakhov, MP Yu, M Fang, F Katz, JM AF Belser, Jessica A. Lu, Xiuhua Szretter, Kristy J. Jin, Xiaoping Aschenbrenner, Laura M. Lee, Alice Hawley, Stephen Kim, Do Hyong Malakhov, Michael P. Yu, Mang Fang, Fang Katz, Jacqueline M. TI DAS181, a novel sialidase fusion protein, protects mice from lethal avian influenza H5N1 virus infection SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Symposium on Respiratory Viral Infections CY MAR, 2007 CL Hong Kong, PEOPLES R CHINA ID NEURAMINIDASE INHIBITOR; OSELTAMIVIR RESISTANCE; MOUSE MODEL; HUMANS; ASIA; VIRULENCE; ZANAMIVIR; VACCINE; GS4104; H9N2 AB Increasing resistance to currently available influenza antivirals highlights the need to develop alternate approaches for the prevention and/or treatment of influenza. DAS181 (Fludase), a novel sialidase fusion protein that enzymatically removes sialic acids on respiratory epithelium, exhibits potent antiviral activity against influenzaA and B viruses. Here, we use a mouse model to evaluate the efficacy of DAS181 treatment against a highly pathogenic avian influenzaH5N1virus. When used to treat mice daily beginning 1 day before infection with A/Vietnam/1203/2004(H5N1) virus, DAS181 treatment at 1 mg/kg/day protected 100% of mice from fatal disease, prevented viral dissemination to the brain, and effectively blocked infection in 70% of mice. DAS181 at 1 mg/kg/day was also effective therapeutically, conferring enhanced survival of H5N1 virus-challenged mice when treatment was begun 72 h after infection. This notable antiviral activity underscores the potential utility of DAS181 as a new class of drug that is effective against influenza viruses with pandemic potential. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NexBio Inc, San Diego, CA 92121 USA. Emory Univ, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. RP Fang, F (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, MS G-16,1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM ffang@nexbio.com; JKatz@cdc.gov OI Szretter, Kristy/0000-0003-0391-2307 FU NIAID NIH HHS [R AI 056786-03, U01 AI 070281-01] NR 25 TC 77 Z9 79 U1 0 U2 7 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 1537-6613 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD NOV 15 PY 2007 VL 196 IS 10 BP 1493 EP 1499 DI 10.1086/522609 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 231BP UT WOS:000250921800012 PM 18008229 ER PT J AU Cook, VJ Sun, SJ Tapia, J Muth, SQ Argueello, DF Lewis, BL Rothenberg, RB McElroy, PD AF Cook, Victoria J. Sun, Sumi J. Tapia, Jane Muth, Stephen Q. Argueello, D. Fermin Lewis, Bryan L. Rothenberg, Richard B. McElroy, Peter D. CA Network Anal Project Team TI Transmission network analysis in tuberculosis contact investigations SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID MYCOBACTERIUM-TUBERCULOSIS; SOCIAL NETWORK; DISEASE-CONTROL; UNITED-STATES; OUTBREAK; IDENTIFICATION; PREVENTION; DYNAMICS AB Background. Social network analysis (SNA) is an innovative approach to the collection and analysis of infectious disease transmission data. We studied whether this approach can detect patterns of Mycobacterium tuberculosis transmission and play a helpful role in the complex process of prioritizing tuberculosis (TB) contact investigations. Methods. We abstracted routine demographic and clinical variables from patient medical records and contact interview forms. We also administered a structured questionnaire about places of social aggregation to TB patients and their contacts. All case-contact, contact-contact, case-place, and contact-place dyads (pairs and links) were considered in order to analyze the structure of a social network of TB transmission. Molecular genotyping was used to confirm SNA-detected clusters of TB. Results. TB patients not linked through conventional contact-investigation data were connected through mutual contacts or places of social aggregation, using SNA methods. In some instances, SNA detected connected groups prior to the availability of genotyping results. A positive correlation between positive results of contacts' tuberculin skin test (TST) and location in denser portions of the person-place network was observed (P <.01). Conclusions. Correlation between TST-positive status and dense subgroup occurrence supports the value of collecting place data to help prioritize TB contact investigations. TB controllers should consider developing social network analysis capacity to facilitate the systematic collection, analysis, and interpretation of contact-investigation data. C1 British Columbia Ctr Dis Control, Div TB Control, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4R4, Canada. Univ British Columbia, Dept Med, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada. Calif Dept Hlth Serv, TB Control Branch, Richmond, CA USA. Georgia State Univ, Inst Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div TB Eliminat, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA USA. Quintus Ential Solut, Colorado Springs, CO USA. RP Cook, VJ (reprint author), British Columbia Ctr Dis Control, Div TB Control, 655 W 12th Ave, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4R4, Canada. EM mailvictoria.cook@bccdc.ca NR 47 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 2 U2 8 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD NOV 15 PY 2007 VL 196 IS 10 BP 1517 EP 1527 DI 10.1086/523109 PG 11 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 231BP UT WOS:000250921800015 PM 18008232 ER PT J AU Barrientos, LG Martin, AM Wohlhueter, RM Rollin, PE AF Barrientos, Laura G. Martin, Amy M. Wohlhueter, Robert M. Rollin, Pierre E. TI Secreted glycoprotein from live Zaire ebolavirus - Infected cultures: Preparation, structural and biophysical characterization, and thermodynamic stability SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Recent Advances and Future Challenges in Filovirus Research CY SEP, 2006 CL Winnipeg, CANADA ID VIRION GLYCOPROTEINS; VIRUS GLYCOPROTEINS; SGP; NEUTROPHILS; ACTIVATION; ASSIGNMENT; RELEASE; GP AB Milligram quantities of Zaire ebolavirus nonstructural, secreted glycoprotein (sGP) were purified to homogeneity, and this preparation was characterized by an array of biophysical and biochemical experiments. Massspectrometry analysis revealed sGP posttranslational modifications and regions susceptible to limited proteolysis. In solution, sGP has an absolute molar mass of 103 kDa, is monodisperse, and folds into a predominantly beta-sheet conformation with a distinct tertiary structure. sGP appears to have a unique free-energy landscape that facilitates reversible folding and a strong propensity for disulfide-linked dimeric quaternary structure under a wide range of conditions; the low apparent free energy of conformation transition of sGP (Delta G = 1.7 +/- 0.1 kcal/mol) suggests that the molecule is well suited as a thermodynamically facile switch, which would allow it to report on relatively subtle changes in milieu. In addition, a conformational transition at 37 degrees C was detected in thermal denaturing experiments. On the basis of biophysical and biochemical considerations alone, we propose that the property of being a thermodynamically facile switch is an important clue to reveal sGP functionality. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. Ctr Dis Control, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Special Pathogens Branch, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Prevent Detect & Control Infect Dis, Div Sci Resources, Biotechnol Core Facil Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Barrientos, LG (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NEmMail Stop G-36, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM LBarrientos1@cdc.gov NR 23 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 2 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD NOV 15 PY 2007 VL 196 SU 2 BP S220 EP S231 DI 10.1086/520614 PG 12 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 233KS UT WOS:000251090400016 PM 17940953 ER PT J AU Bausch, DG Towner, JS Dowell, SF Kaducu, F Lukwiya, M Sanchez, A Nichol, ST Ksiazek, TG Rollin, PE AF Bausch, Daniel G. Towner, Jonathan S. Dowell, Scott F. Kaducu, Felix Lukwiya, Matthew Sanchez, Anthony Nichol, Stuart T. Ksiazek, Thomas G. Rollin, Pierre E. TI Assessment of the risk of Ebola virus transmission from bodily fluids and fomites SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Recent Advances and Future Challenges in Filovirus Research CY SEP, 2006 CL Winnipeg, CANADA ID HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER; CONGO; KIKWIT; CONTACTS; OUTBREAK AB Although Ebola virus (EBOV) is transmitted by unprotected physical contact with infected persons, few data exist on which specific bodily fluids are infected or on the risk of fomite transmission. Therefore, we tested various clinical specimens from 26 laboratory-confirmed cases of Ebola hemorrhagic fever, as well as environmental specimens collected from an isolation ward, for the presence of EBOV. Virus was detected by culture and/or reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction in 16 of 54 clinical specimens (including saliva, stool, semen, breast milk, tears, nasal blood, and a skin swab) and in 2 of 33 environmental specimens. We conclude that EBOV is shed in a wide variety of bodily fluids during the acute period of illness but that the risk of transmission from fomites in an isolation ward and from convalescent patients is low when currently recommended infection control guidelines for the viral hemorrhagic fevers are followed. C1 Tulane Sch Publ Hlth & Trop Med, Dept Trop Med, New Orleans, LA 70112 USA. Special Pathogens Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Coordinat off Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. Gulu Reg Hosp, Gulu, Uganda. St Marys Hosp Lacor, Gulu, Uganda. RP Bausch, DG (reprint author), Tulane Sch Publ Hlth & Trop Med, Dept Trop Med, 1430 Tulane Ave, New Orleans, LA 70112 USA. EM dbausch@tulane.edu NR 15 TC 198 Z9 207 U1 4 U2 70 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD NOV 15 PY 2007 VL 196 SU 2 BP S142 EP S147 DI 10.1086/520545 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 233KS UT WOS:000251090400005 PM 17940942 ER PT J AU Bausch, DG Feldmann, H Geisbert, TW Bray, M Sprecher, AG Boumandouki, P Rollin, PE Roth, C AF Bausch, Daniel G. Feldmann, Heinz Geisbert, Thomas W. Bray, Mike Sprecher, A. G. Boumandouki, Paul Rollin, Pierre E. Roth, Cathy CA Winnipeg Filovirus Clin Work Grp TI Outbreaks of filovirus hemorrhagic fever: Time to refocus on the patient SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Recent Advances and Future Challenges in Filovirus Research CY SEP, 2006 CL Winnipeg, CANADA ID EBOLA-VIRUS INFECTION; ATTENUATED RECOMBINANT VACCINE; NONHUMAN-PRIMATES; POSTEXPOSURE PROTECTION; EFFICACY; CONGO; LIVE AB In the 40 years since the recognition of filoviruses as agents of lethal human disease, there have been no specific advances in antiviral therapies or vaccines and few clinical studies on the efficacy of supportive care. On 20 September 2006, experts from 14 countries representing 68 institutions integrally involved in the response to outbreaks of filovirus hemorrhagic fever gathered at the National Microbiology Laboratory of the Public Health Agency of Canada in Winnipeg to discuss possible remedies for this grim situation, in a unique workshop entitled "Marburg and Ebola Hemorrhagic Fever: Feasibility of Prophylaxis and Therapy." A summary of the opportunities for and challenges to improving treatment of filovirus hemorrhagic fevers is presented here. C1 Tulane Sch Publ Hlth & Trop Med, Dept Trop Med, New Orleans, LA 70112 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. Univ Manitoba, Dept Med Microbiol, Winnipeg, MB, Canada. Med Sans Frontieres, Brussels, Belgium. Minist Hlth Populat, Brazzaville, Congo. WHO, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. RP Bausch, DG (reprint author), Tulane Sch Publ Hlth & Trop Med, Dept Trop Med, 1430 Tulane Ave, New Orleans, LA 70112 USA. EM dbausch@tulane.edu NR 27 TC 31 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 7 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD NOV 15 PY 2007 VL 196 SU 2 BP S136 EP S141 DI 10.1086/520542 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 233KS UT WOS:000251090400004 PM 17940941 ER PT J AU Colebunders, R Tshomba, A Van Kerkhove, MD Bausch, DG Campbell, P Libande, M Pirard, P Tshioko, F Mardel, S Mulangu, S Sleurs, H Rollin, PE Muyembe-Tamfum, JJ Jeffs, B Borchert, M AF Colebunders, Robert Tshomba, Antoine Van Kerkhove, Maria D. Bausch, Daniel G. Campbell, Pat Libande, Modeste Pirard, Patricia Tshioko, Florimond Mardel, Simon Mulangu, Sabue Sleurs, Hilde Rollin, Pierre E. Muyembe-Tamfum, Jean-Jacques Jeffs, Benjamin Borchert, Matthias CA ISTC DRC Watsa Durba 1999 MOI Grp TI Marburg hemorrhagic fever in durba and watsa, democratic republic of the congo: Clinical documentation, features of illness, and treatment SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Recent Advances and Future Challenges in Filovirus Research CY SEP, 2006 CL Winnipeg, CANADA ID VIRUS-DISEASE; OUTBREAK; KENYA AB The objective of the present study was to describe day of onset and duration of symptoms of Marburg hemorrhagic fever (MHF), to summarize the treatments applied, and to assess the quality of clinical documentation. Surveillance and clinical records of 77 patients with MHF cases were reviewed. Initial symptoms included fever, headache, general pain, nausea, vomiting, and anorexia (median day of onset, day 1-2), followed by hemorrhagic manifestations (day 5-8+), and terminal symptoms included confusion, agitation, coma, anuria, and shock. Treatment in isolation wards was acceptable, but the quality of clinical documentation was unsatisfactory. Improved clinical documentation is necessary for a basic evaluation of supportive treatment. C1 Inst Trop Med, B-2000 Antwerp, Belgium. Univ Antwerp, Inst Trop Med, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium. Med Sans Frontieres, Brussels, Belgium. London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, London WC1, England. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. Tulane Sch Publ Hlth Trop Med, New Orleans, LA USA. Med Sans Frontier, Amsterdam, Netherlands. WHO, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. RP Colebunders, R (reprint author), Inst Trop Med, Nationalestraat 155, B-2000 Antwerp, Belgium. EM bcoleb@itg.be NR 10 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 2 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD NOV 15 PY 2007 VL 196 SU 2 BP S148 EP S153 DI 10.1086/520543 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 233KS UT WOS:000251090400006 PM 17940943 ER PT J AU Hutchinson, KL Rollin, PE AF Hutchinson, Karen L. Rollin, Pierre E. TI Cytokine and chemokine expression in humans infected with sudan Ebola virus SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Recent Advances and Future Challenges in Filovirus Research CY SEP, 2006 CL Winnipeg, CANADA ID I INTERFERON RESPONSE; HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER; DENDRITIC CELLS; CYNOMOLGUS MACAQUES; PRIMATE MODELS; IFN-ALPHA; PATHOGENESIS; BLOOD; MACROPHAGES; ACTIVATION AB The size and duration of the 2000 outbreak of Sudan Ebola virus (SEBOV) infection in Uganda made it possible to collect serial serum samples from 87 patients (53 survivors and 34 nonsurvivors). Surprisingly, the levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interferon (IFN)-gamma, which had been found to be increased in patients with fatal Zaire Ebola virus infection, were not increased in any of the patients with SEBOV infection. The levels of interleukin (IL)-1 beta, IFN-gamma-inducible protein-10, and RANTES (regulated on activation, normally T cell-expressed and -secreted) were higher in samples from all patients with SEBOV infection than in control samples from healthy hospital staff members, but their levels did not differ between those who survived and those who did not. The levels of IFN-alpha were significantly higher in surviving patients with SEBOV infection, whereas the levels of IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, and macrophage inflammatory protein-1 beta were higher in patients with fatal SEBOV infections. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Special Pathogens Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Hutchinson, KL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Special Pathogens Branch, MS G-14,1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM kbh6@cdc.gov NR 34 TC 63 Z9 65 U1 1 U2 7 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD NOV 15 PY 2007 VL 196 SU 2 BP S357 EP S363 DI 10.1086/520611 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 233KS UT WOS:000251090400034 PM 17940971 ER PT J AU Onyango, CO Opoka, ML Ksiazek, TG Formenty, P Ahmed, A Tukei, PM Sang, RC Ofula, VO Konongoi, SL Coldren, RL Grein, T Legros, D Bell, M De Cock, KM Bellini, WJ Towner, JS Nichol, ST Rollin, PE AF Onyango, Clayton O. Opoka, Martin L. Ksiazek, Thomas G. Formenty, Pierre Ahmed, Abdullahi Tukei, Peter M. Sang, Rosemary C. Ofula, Victor O. Konongoi, Samson L. Coldren, Rodney L. Grein, Thomas Legros, Dominique Bell, Mike De Cock, Kevin M. Bellini, William J. Towner, Jonathan S. Nichol, Stuart T. Rollin, Pierre E. TI Laboratory diagnosis of Ebola hemorrhagic fever during an outbreak in yambio, sudan, 2004 SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Recent Advances and Future Challenges in Filovirus Research CY SEP, 2006 CL Winnipeg, CANADA ID SOUTHERN SUDAN; VIRUS; KIKWIT; CONGO; ZAIRE; PRIMATES; DISEASE AB Between the months of April and June 2004, an Ebola hemorrhagic fever (EHF) outbreak was reported in Yambio county, southern Sudan. Blood samples were collected from a total of 36 patients with suspected EHF and were tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for immunoglobulin G and M antibodies, antigen ELISA, and reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (PCR) of a segment of the Ebolavirus (EBOV) polymerase gene. A total of 13 patients were confirmed to be infected with EBOV. In addition, 4 fatal cases were classified as probable cases, because no samples were collected. Another 12 patients were confirmed to have acute measles infection during the same period that EBOV was circulating. Genetic analysis of PCR-positive samples indicated that the virus was similar to but distinct from Sudan EBOV Maleo 1979. In response, case management, social mobilization, and follow-up of contacts were set up as means of surveillance. The outbreak was declared to be over on 7 August 2004. C1 The Gambia, Med Res Coouncil Lab, Banjul, Senegal. WHO, Collaborat Ctr Arbovirus & Viral Hemorrhag Fever, Nairobi, Kenya. WHO S Sudan, Warwick Ctr, Nairobi, Kenya. Kenya Med Res, Nairobi, Kenya. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Nairobi, Kenya. WHO, Epidem & Pandem Alert & Response, Geneva, Switzerland. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Onyango, CO (reprint author), The Gambia, Med Res Coouncil Lab, PO Box 273, Banjul, Senegal. EM conyango@mrc.gm RI Valle, Ruben/A-7512-2013 NR 26 TC 34 Z9 36 U1 1 U2 17 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD NOV 15 PY 2007 VL 196 SU 2 BP S193 EP S198 DI 10.1086/520609 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 233KS UT WOS:000251090400012 PM 17940949 ER PT J AU Pourrut, X Delicat, A Rollin, PE Ksiazek, TG Gonzalez, JP Leroy, EM AF Pourrut, X. Delicat, A. Rollin, P. E. Ksiazek, T. G. Gonzalez, J. -P. Leroy, E. M. TI Spatial and temporal patterns of Zaire ebolavirus antibody prevalence in the possible reservoir bat species SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Recent Advances and Future Challenges in Filovirus Research CY SEP, 2006 CL Winnipeg, CANADA ID SUBTYPE RESTON VIRUS; HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER; NONHUMAN-PRIMATES; NATURAL-HISTORY; FRUIT BATS; CONGO; REPLICATION; INOCULATION; PHILIPPINES; FILOVIRUSES AB To characterize the distribution of Zaire ebolavirus (ZEBOV) infection within the 3 bat species (Epomops franqueti, Hypsignathus monstrosus, and Myonycteris torquata) that are possible reservoirs, we collected 1390 bats during 2003-2006 in Gabon and the Republic of the Congo. Detection of ZEBOV immunoglobulin G (IgG) in 40 specimens supports the role of these bat species as the ZEBOV reservoirs. ZEBOV IgG prevalence rates (5%) were homogeneous across epidemic and nonepidemic regions during outbreaks, indicating that infected bats may well be present in nonepidemic regions of central Africa. ZEBOV IgG prevalence decreased, significantly, to 1% after the outbreaks, suggesting that the percentage of IgG-positive bats is associated with virus transmission to other animal species and outbreak appearance. The large number of ZEBOV IgG-positive adult bats and pregnant H. monstrosus females suggests virus transmission within bat populations through fighting and sexual contact. Our study, thus, helps to describe Ebola virus circulation in bats and offers some insight into the appearance of outbreaks. C1 Ctr Int Rech Med Franceville, Franceville, Gabon. Inst Rech Dev, UR178, Franceville, Gabon. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Special Pthogens Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. Mahidol Univ, Inst Rech Dev, UR178, Bangkok 10700, Thailand. RP Pourrut, X (reprint author), Ctr Int Rech Med Franceville, BP 769, Franceville, Gabon. EM xavier.pourrut@ird.fr RI LEROY, Eric/I-4347-2016; OI LEROY, Eric/0000-0003-0022-0890; Gonzalez, Jean-Paul/0000-0003-3063-1770 NR 33 TC 58 Z9 65 U1 1 U2 38 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0022-1899 EI 1537-6613 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD NOV 15 PY 2007 VL 196 SU 2 BP S176 EP S183 DI 10.1086/520541 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 233KS UT WOS:000251090400010 PM 17940947 ER PT J AU Rollin, PE Bausch, DG Sanchez, A AF Rollin, Pierre E. Bausch, Daniel G. Sanchez, Anthony TI Blood chemistry measurements and D-dimer levels associated with fatal and nonfatal outcomes in humans infected with sudan Ebola virus SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Recent Advances and Future Challenges in Filovirus Research CY SEP, 2006 CL Winnipeg, CANADA ID HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER; RHESUS-MONKEYS; GUINEA-PIGS; COAGULATION; DIAGNOSIS; PATHOLOGY; OUTBREAK; PRIMATES; DISEASE; LOAD AB Blood samples from patients infected with the Sudan species of Ebola virus (EBOV), obtained during an outbreak of disease in Uganda in 2000, were tested for a panel of analytes to evaluate their clinical condition and to compare values obtained for patients with fatal and nonfatal cases and for uninfected (hospitalized control) patients. Liver function tests showed higher levels of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) in blood samples from patients with fatal cases than in samples from patients with nonfatal cases, whereas alanine aminotransferase levels were comparable and only slightly increased in all patients, suggesting that increased blood AST levels are due to a greater degree of injury in tissues other than the liver. Significantly higher levels of amylase, urea nitrogen, and creatinine suggest that acute pancreatitis and renal dysfunction develop in fatal cases, whereas reduced albumin and calcium levels may be linked to these conditions or to liver damage. D-Dimer levels in blood specimens were drastically increased in patients with fatal and nonfatal infections but were 4 times higher in patients with fatal cases than in patients who survived (180,000 vs. 44,000 ng/mL), during the most acute period of the infection (6-8 days after onset). These results indicate that disseminated intravascular coagulation is an early and important component of EBOV disease. This study has identified levels of analytes with prognostic value, which can also be used to target therapeutic interventions, and expands on the findings of prior blood tests conducted on this group of patients. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Special Pathogens Branch, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. Tulane Univ, Sch Publ Hlth & Trop Med, Dept Trop Med, New Orleans, LA USA. RP Sanchez, A (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Special Pathogens Branch, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mail Stop G-14, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM ASanchez1@cdc.gov NR 26 TC 66 Z9 71 U1 0 U2 7 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD NOV 15 PY 2007 VL 196 SU 2 BP S364 EP S371 DI 10.1086/520613 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 233KS UT WOS:000251090400035 PM 17940972 ER PT J AU Sanchez, A Wagoner, KE Rollin, PE AF Sanchez, Anthony Wagoner, Kent E. Rollin, Pierre E. TI Sequence-based human leukocyte antigen-B typing of patients infected with Ebola virus in Uganda in 2000: Identification of alleles associated with fatal and nonfatal disease outcomes SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Recent Advances and Future Challenges in Filovirus Research CY SEP, 2006 CL Winnipeg, CANADA ID MHC CLASS-I; HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER; VIRAL LOAD; HLA-B; EPITOPE PREDICTION; RESPONSES; BINDING; HIV; SUSCEPTIBILITY; PROGRESSION AB The Sudan species of Ebola virus (SEBOV) causes severe, often fatal infection in similar to 50% of infected humans. We sought to determine whether the human leukocyte antigen-B (HLA-B) locus has a role in the outcome of SEBOV disease by typing 77 cases from an outbreak in northern Uganda in 2000-2001. Sequence-based HLA-B typing was performed using leukocytes isolated from 77 patients. Statistical analysis and a predictive discriminant analysis (PDA) were applied to typing data. Epitope prediction software was also applied to SEBOV sequences. Statistically significant associations were found between certain sets of alleles and either fatal or nonfatal disease outcomes. Alleles B*67 and B*15 were associated with fatal outcomes, whereas B*07 and B*14 were associated with nonfatal outcomes. The PDA-derived functions that were produced were 81.8% accurate in classifying patients into their correct outcome group. Several epitopes predicted to bind strongly to HLA-B*07 molecules were identified in the viral polymerase, nucleoprotein, and VP35 protein. HLA-B alleles associated with either fatal or nonfatal outcomes of SEBOV disease were identified and can be used in a predictive model. Studies of HLA-B-restricted epitopes could contribute to characterization of protective host responses and to vaccine development. C1 Ctr Dis Control, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Special Pathogens Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Sanchez, A (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Special Pathogens Branch, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop G-14, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM ans1@cdc.gov NR 37 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 7 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD NOV 15 PY 2007 VL 196 SU 2 BP S329 EP S336 DI 10.1086/520588 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 233KS UT WOS:000251090400031 PM 17940968 ER PT J AU Sanchez, A AF Sanchez, Anthony TI Analysis of filovirus entry into Vero E6 cells, using inhibitors of endocytosis, endosomal acidification, structural integrity, and cathepsin (B and L) activity SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Recent Advances and Future Challenges in Filovirus Research CY SEP, 2006 CL Winnipeg, CANADA ID EBOLA-VIRUS GLYCOPROTEIN; FOLATE RECEPTOR-ALPHA; ENVELOPE GLYCOPROTEIN; VIRAL-INFECTION; CELLULAR ENTRY; MARBURG; FUSION; PATHOGENESIS; ENHANCEMENT; MECHANISMS AB Ebola and Marburg viruses are believed to enter host cells by receptor-mediated endocytosis. The process has been studied through the use of inhibitors that affect host cell properties and recombinant pseudotyping systems in which filovirus structural glycoproteins mediate entry of foreign virus particles. The aim of the present study was to determine the effects of such treatments on the entry of wild-type filoviruses. Vero E6 cells were exposed to various inhibitors before, during, and after infection with filoviruses. Infected cultures were harvested early (18-24 h) and late (72 h) after infection, and effects of treatment on entry were measured by fluorescent antibody staining of cells or by antigen capture immunoassays, respectively. These prelimary results suggest that filoviruses enter host cells through receptor-mediated endocytosis via clathrin-coated pits and caveolae, that actin filaments and microtubules are important in the entry process, and that proteolytic digestion of glycoprotein 1 by endosomal proteases facilitates entry. These observations obtained using wildtype viruses confirm the results of studies utilizing recombinant systems and offer additional insights into filovirus entry. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Special Pathogens Branch, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Sanchez, A (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Special Pathogens Branch, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mail Stop G-14, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM ans1@cdc.gov NR 27 TC 49 Z9 51 U1 2 U2 5 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD NOV 15 PY 2007 VL 196 SU 2 BP S251 EP S258 DI 10.1086/520597 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 233KS UT WOS:000251090400020 PM 17940957 ER PT J AU Towner, JS Sealy, TK Ksiazek, TG Nichol, ST AF Towner, Jonathan S. Sealy, Tara K. Ksiazek, Thomas G. Nichol, Stuart T. TI High-throughput molecular detection of hemorrhagic fever virus threats with applications for outbreak settings SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Recent Advances and Future Challenges in Filovirus Research CY SEP, 2006 CL Winnipeg, CANADA ID REVERSE TRANSCRIPTION-PCR; EBOLA-VIRUS; MARBURG VIRUSES; RAPID DETECTION; DIAGNOSIS; VACCINE; FILOVIRUSES; INFECTION; PRIMATES; CONGO AB Within the past dozen years, outbreaks of filoviral hemorrhagic fever within the human population have been occurring with increasing frequency, with an average of 1 epidemic now occurring every 1-2 years. Many of the outbreaks have been large (involving > 150 cases), necessitating rapid responses from the international community to help implement infection control and surveillance. This increased activity, combined with today's climate of bioterrorism threats, has heightened the need for high-throughput methodologies for specific detection of these high-hazard viruses in sophisticated laboratory setups and mobile field laboratory situations. Using Zaire Ebola virus as an example, we describe here the development of a high-throughput protocol for RNA extraction and quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction analysis that is safe, fast, and reliable. Furthermore, the applicability of this method to an outbreak setting was demonstrated by correct analysis of > 500 specimens at a field laboratory established during a recent outbreak of Marburg hemorrhagic fever in Angola. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Zoonot, Vector Borne & Enter Dis, Special Pathogens Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Nichol, ST (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Zoonot, Vector Borne & Enter Dis, Special Pathogens Branch, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mailstop G14, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM stn1@cdc.gov NR 24 TC 51 Z9 55 U1 0 U2 13 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD NOV 15 PY 2007 VL 196 SU 2 BP S205 EP S212 DI 10.1086/520601 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 233KS UT WOS:000251090400014 PM 17940951 ER PT J AU Garcia, HH Gonzalez, AE Del Brutto, OH Tsang, VCW Llanos-Zavalaga, F Gonzalvez, G Romero, J Gilman, RH AF Garcia, Hector H. Gonzalez, Armando E. Del Brutto, Oscar H. Tsang, Victor C. W. Llanos-Zavalaga, Fernando Gonzalvez, Guillermo Romero, Jaime Gilman, Robert H. CA Cysticercosis Working Grp TI Strategies for the elimination of taeniasis/cysticercosis SO JOURNAL OF THE NEUROLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Meeting of the Environmental-Neurology-Club CY FEB 07, 2007 CL Metz, FRANCE SP French Soc Neurol, Univ Metz, Enviornm Neruol Res Grp, WFN, Environm Neurol Club DE taeniasis; cysticercosis; computed tomography ID TAENIA-SOLIUM CYSTICERCOSIS; PORCINE CYSTICERCOSIS; HUMAN NEUROCYSTICERCOSIS; MASS CHEMOTHERAPY; FIELD TRIAL; VACCINATION; PIGS; INFECTION; MEXICO; OXFENDAZOLE AB Advances in the field of neurocysticercosis continue to shape our understanding of the disease and our efforts to control it. Several attempts have been made to eradicate the disease with active interventions such as changing domestic pig-raising practices, mass chemotherapy of porcine cysticercosis and taeniasis, selective detection and treatment of taeniasis, and community health education. Moreover, ongoing progress in the diagnosis of taeniasis and the development of a porcine vaccine against cysticercosis in Australia, Mexico and Peru has yielded at least one effective vaccine that is currently available. Thus far, however, attempted interventions have only been successful in temporarily disrupting transmission of the disease. Controlled data on the efficacy and acceptability of the different interventions is urgently needed to provide a baseline schematic for intervention which could later be tailored to each particular endemic scenario. (c) 2007 Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 Univ Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Dept Microbiol, Sch Sci, Lima, Peru. Univ Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Proyecto Eliminac Cisticercosis, Lima, Peru. Inst Nacl Ciencias Neurol, Cysticercosis Unit, Lima, Peru. Univ Nacl Mayor San Marcos, Sch Vet Med, Lima 14, Peru. Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Sch Hyg & Publ Hlth, Dept Int Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. Hosp Clin Kennedy, Guayaquil, Ecuador. Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Parasit Dis Branch, Div Parasit Dis, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. Univ Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Sch Publ Hlth & Adm, Lima, Peru. RP Garcia, HH (reprint author), Univ Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Dept Microbiol, Sch Sci, Lima, Peru. EM HGARCIA@TERRA.COM.PE FU Wellcome Trust NR 45 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 3 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-510X J9 J NEUROL SCI JI J. Neurol. Sci. PD NOV 15 PY 2007 VL 262 IS 1-2 BP 153 EP 157 DI 10.1016/j.jns.2007.06.039 PG 5 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 221RL UT WOS:000250244900023 PM 17681546 ER PT J AU Brown, JM Cowley, KD Manninen, KI McNeil, MM AF Brown, June M. Cowley, Karyn D. Manninen, Kenneth I. McNeil, Michael M. TI Phenotypic and molecular epidemiologic evaluation of a Nocardia farcinica mastitis epizootic SO VETERINARY MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE nocardia farcinica; amikacin-resistant; N. farcinica epizootic ID RIBOSOMAL-RNA GENE; DAIRY HERDS; IDENTIFICATION; SUSCEPTIBILITY; FRAGMENT AB Nineteen putative Nocardia farcinica isolates epidemiologically associated with intramammary products containing neomycin were obtained from clinical cases in a Canada-wide mastitis epizootic. Epidemiologic investigations were unable to identify the mechanism for transmission. To evaluate the hypotheses generated (intrinsic versus extrinsic contamination) and to confirm the identity of N. farcinica, we compared these isolates phenotypically (biochemicals and antimicrobial susceptibility studies) and genotypically (16S rRNA gene sequencing analysis, chromosomal DNA and ribotyping profiles) with the type and reference strains of N. farcinica. Results of biochemical studies and 16S rRNA gene sequencing identified the isolates as N. farcinica. Results of chromosomal DNA and ribotyping profiles and antimicrobial resistance to amikacin indicated all were a unique clone of N. farcinica that differed from the control isolates. Our study suggests the epizootic was caused by transmission of a unique clone of N. farcinica through intrinsically contaminated dry cow intramammary products rather than an extrinsic source. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V All rights reserved. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Bacterial Zoonoses Branch, Div Foodborne Bacterial & Mycot Dis, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. Alberta Agr Food & Rural Dev, Edmonton, AB, Canada. RP Brown, JM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Bacterial Zoonoses Branch, Div Foodborne Bacterial & Mycot Dis, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, Mailstop G-34, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM jmb6@cdc.gov; mmm2@cdc.gov NR 17 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-1135 J9 VET MICROBIOL JI Vet. Microbiol. PD NOV 15 PY 2007 VL 125 IS 1-2 BP 66 EP 72 DI 10.1016/j.vetmic.2007.04.044 PG 7 WC Microbiology; Veterinary Sciences SC Microbiology; Veterinary Sciences GA 229LJ UT WOS:000250804200007 PM 17553640 ER PT J AU Roush, SW Murphy, TV AF Roush, Sandra W. Murphy, Trudy V. CA Vaccine Preventable Dis Tabl TI Historical comparisons of morbidity and mortality for vaccine-preventable diseases in the United States SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Review ID IMMUNIZATION PRACTICES ACIP; EVENT-REPORTING-SYSTEM; HEALTH-CARE WORKERS; ADVISORY-COMMITTEE; CHILDHOOD IMMUNIZATION; VARICELLA VACCINATION; INFLUENZA VACCINATION; VIRUS-INFECTIONS; MEASLES; CHILDREN AB Context National vaccine recommendations in the United States target an increasing number of vaccine-preventable diseases for reduction, elimination, or eradication. Objective To compare morbidity and mortality before and after widespread implementation of national vaccine recommendations for 13 vaccine-preventable diseases for which recommendations were in place prior to 2005. Design, Setting, and Participants For the United States, prevaccine baselines were assessed based on representative historical data from primary sources and were compared to the most recent morbidity (2006) and mortality (2004) data for diphtheria, pertussis, tetanus, poliomyelitis, measles, mumps, rubella ( including congenital rubella syndrome), invasive Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib), acute hepatitis B, hepatitis A, varicella, Streptococcus pneumoniae, and smallpox. Main Outcome Measures Number of cases, deaths, and hospitalizations for 13 vaccine-preventable diseases. Estimates of the percent reductions from baseline to recent were made without adjustment for factors that could affect vaccine-preventable disease morbidity, mortality, or reporting. Results A greater than 92% decline in cases and a 99% or greater decline in deaths due to diseases prevented by vaccines recommended before 1980 were shown for diphtheria, mumps, pertussis, and tetanus. Endemic transmission of poliovirus and measles and rubella viruses has been eliminated in the United States; smallpox has been eradicated worldwide. Declines were 80% or greater for cases and deaths of most vaccine-preventable diseases targeted since 1980 including hepatitis A, acute hepatitis B, Hib, and varicella. Declines in cases and deaths of invasive S pneumoniae were 34% and 25%, respectively. Conclusions The number of cases of most vaccine-preventable diseases is at an all-time low; hospitalizations and deaths have also shown striking decreases. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Roush, SW (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS C-25, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM sroush@cdc.gov NR 123 TC 227 Z9 240 U1 6 U2 43 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60654-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD NOV 14 PY 2007 VL 298 IS 18 BP 2155 EP 2163 DI 10.1001/jama.298.18.2155 PG 9 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 230II UT WOS:000250869800021 PM 18000199 ER PT J AU Bern, C Montgomery, SP Herwaldt, BL Rassi, A Marin, JA Dantas, RO Maguire, JH Acquatella, H Morillo, C Kirchhoff, LV Gilman, RH Reyes, PA Salvatella, R Moore, AC AF Bern, Caryn Montgomery, Susan P. Herwaldt, Barbara L. Rassi, Anis, Jr. Marin-Neto, Jose Antonio Dantas, Roberto O. Maguire, James H. Acquatella, Harry Morillo, Carlos Kirchhoff, Louis V. Gilman, Robert H. Reyes, Pedro A. Salvatella, Roberto Moore, Anne C. TI Evaluation and treatment of Chagas disease in the United States - A systematic review SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Review ID TRYPANOSOMA-CRUZI INFECTION; POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; EARLY MYOCARDIAL DAMAGE; HEART-DISEASE; AMERICAN TRYPANOSOMIASIS; ELECTROCARDIOGRAPHIC ABNORMALITIES; AUTOCHTHONOUS TRANSMISSION; PROGNOSTIC IMPLICATIONS; ESOPHAGEAL CANCER; NORTHEAST BRAZIL AB Context Because of population migration from endemic areas and newly instituted blood bank screening, US clinicians are likely to see an increasing number of patients with suspected or confirmed chronic Trypanosoma cruzi infection (Chagas disease). Objective To examine the evidence base and provide practical recommendations for evaluation, counseling, and etiologic treatment of patients with chronic T cruzi infection. Evidence Acquisition Literature review conducted based on a systematic MEDLINE search for all available years through 2007; review of additional articles, reports, and book chapters; and input from experts in the field. Evidence Synthesis The patient newly diagnosed with Chagas disease should undergo a medical history, physical examination, and resting 12-lead electrocardiogram ( ECG) with a 30-second lead II rhythm strip. If this evaluation is normal, no further testing is indicated; history, physical examination, and ECG should be repeated annually. If findings suggest Chagas heart disease, a comprehensive cardiac evaluation, including 24-hour ambulatory ECG monitoring, echocardiography, and exercise testing, is recommended. If gastrointestinal tract symptoms are present, barium contrast studies should be performed. Antitrypanosomal treatment is recommended for all cases of acute and congenital Chagas disease, reactivated infection, and chronic T cruzi infection in individuals 18 years or younger. In adults aged 19 to 50 years without advanced heart disease, etiologic treatment may slow development and progression of cardiomyopathy and should generally be offered; treatment is considered optional for those older than 50 years. Individualized treatment decisions for adults should balance the potential benefit, prolonged course, and frequent adverse effects of the drugs. Strong consideration should be given to treatment of previously untreated patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection or those expecting to undergo organ transplantation. Conclusions Chagas disease presents an increasing challenge for clinicians in the United States. Despite gaps in the evidence base, current knowledge is sufficient to make practical recommendations to guide appropriate evaluation, management, and etiologic treatment of Chagas disease. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Parasit Dis Branch, Div Parasit Dis, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. Anis Rassi Hosp, Goiania, Go, Brazil. Univ Sao Paulo, Fac Med Ribeirao Preto, Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil. Univ Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. Cent Univ Venezuela, Caracas, Venezuela. McMaster Univ, Hamilton, ON, Canada. Univ Iowa, Iowa City, IA USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD USA. L Chavez Natl Inst Cardiol, Mexico City, DF, Mexico. Pan Amer Hlth Org, Montevideo, Uruguay. RP Bern, C (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Parasit Dis Branch, Div Parasit Dis, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,MS F-22, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM cbern@cdc.gov OI Acquatella, Harry/0000-0002-5115-8495 NR 100 TC 331 Z9 342 U1 2 U2 38 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD NOV 14 PY 2007 VL 298 IS 18 BP 2171 EP 2181 DI 10.1001/jama.298.18.2171 PG 11 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 230II UT WOS:000250869800023 PM 18000201 ER PT J AU Wilson, RS Scherr, PA Schneider, JA Tang, Y Bennett, DA AF Wilson, R. S. Scherr, P. A. Schneider, J. A. Tang, Y. Bennett, D. A. TI Relation of cognitive activity to risk of developing Alzheimer disease SO NEUROLOGY LA English DT Article ID ENGAGED LIFE-STYLE; OLDER PERSONS; LEISURE ACTIVITIES; SOCIOECONOMIC-STATUS; IMPAIRMENT; AGE; POPULATION; DECLINE; COMMUNITY; DEMENTIA AB Background: Frequent cognitive activity in old age has been associated with reduced risk of Alzheimer disease (AD), but the basis of the association is uncertain. Methods: More than 700 old people underwent annual clinical evaluations for up to 5 years. At baseline, they rated current and past frequency of cognitive activity with the current activity measure administered annually thereafter. Those who died underwent a uniform postmortem examination of the brain. Amyloid burden, density of tangles, and presence of Lewy bodies were assessed in eight brain regions and the number of chronic cerebral infarctions was noted. Results: During follow- up, 90 people developed AD. More frequent participation in cognitive activity was associated with reduced incidence of AD (HR = 0.58; 95% Cl: 0.44, 0.77); a cognitively inactive person (score = 2.2, 10th percentile) was 2.6 times more likely to develop AD than a cognitively active person (score = 4.0, 90th percentile). The association remained after controlling for past cognitive activity, lifespan socioeconomic status, current social and physical activity, and low baseline cognitive function. Frequent cognitive activity was also associated with reduced incidence of mild cognitive impairment and less rapid decline in cognitive function. Among 102 persons who died and had a brain autopsy, neither global nor regionally specific measures of neuropathology were related to level of cognitive activity before the study, at study onset, or during the course of the study. Conclusion: Level of cognitively stimulating activity in old age is related to risk of developing dementia. C1 Rush Univ, Med Ctr, Rush Alzheimers Dis Ctr, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. Rush Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Neurol Sci, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. Rush Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Behav Sci, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. Rush Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Internal Med, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. Rush Univ, Med Ctr, Rush Inst Hlth Aging, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Wilson, RS (reprint author), Rush Univ, Med Ctr, Rush Alzheimers Dis Ctr, 600 S Paulina,Suite 1038, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. EM rwilson@rush.edu FU NIA NIH HHS [R01 AG024480, R01 AG17917] NR 51 TC 136 Z9 140 U1 2 U2 15 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0028-3878 J9 NEUROLOGY JI Neurology PD NOV 13 PY 2007 VL 69 IS 20 BP 1911 EP 1920 DI 10.1212/01.wnl.0000271087.67782.cb PG 10 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 230IS UT WOS:000250870800005 PM 17596582 ER PT J AU Kissin, DM Zapata, L Yorick, R Vinogradova, EN Volkova, GV Cherkassova, E Lynch, A Leigh, J Jamieson, DJ Marchbanks, PA Hillis, S AF Kissin, Dmitry M. Zapata, Lauren Yorick, Roman Vinogradova, Elena N. Volkova, Galina V. Cherkassova, Elena Lynch, Allison Leigh, Jennifer Jamieson, Denise J. Marchbanks, Polly A. Hillis, Susan TI HIV seroprevalence in street youth, St Petersburg, Russia SO AIDS LA English DT Article DE HIV seroprevalence; street youth ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; SEXUALLY-TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS; INJECTING DRUG-USERS; HOMELESS ADOLESCENTS; IMMUNOCHROMATOGRAPHIC TEST; RISK BEHAVIOR; SEX WORK; PREVALENCE; CITY; ANTIBODIES AB Background: Reliable data on HIV infection among Russian street youth are unavailable. The purpose of this study was to assess HIV seroprevalence among street youth in St Petersburg and to describe social, sexual, and behavioral characteristics associated with HIV infection. Methods: A cross-sectional assessment conducted during January-May 2006 included city-wide mapping of 41 street youth locations, random selection of 22 sites, rapid HIV testing for all consenting 15-19-year-old male and female street youth at these sites, and an interviewer-administered survey. Adjusted odds ratios (AOR) were calculated using logistic regression, accounting for intracluster homogeneity. Results: Of 313 participants, 117 (37.4%, 95% confidence interval 26.1-50.2%) were HIV infected. Subgroups with the highest seroprevalences included double orphans (64.3%), those with no place to live (68.1 %), those previously diagnosed with a sexually transmitted infection (STI; 70.5%), those currently sharing needles (86.4%), and those currently using inhalants (60.5%) or injection drugs (78.6%), including Stadol (82.3%) or heroin (78.1%). Characteristics independently associated with HIV infection included injecting drugs (AOR 23.0), sharing needles (AOR 13.3), being a double or single orphan (AOR 3.3 and 1.8), having no place to live (AOR 2.4), and being diagnosed with a STI (AOR 2.1). Most HIV-infected street youth were sexually active (96.6%), had multiple partners (65.0%), and used condoms inconsistently (80.3%). Discussion: Street youth aged 15-19 years in St Petersburg, Russia, have an extraordinarily high HIV seroprevalence. In street youth who are injection drug users, HIV seroprevalence is the highest ever reported for eastern Europe and is among the highest in the world. (c) 2007 Wolters Kluwer Health. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. Doctors World USA, St Petersburg, Russia. City AIDS Ctr, St Petersburg, Russia. Doctors World USA, New York, NY USA. RP Kissin, DM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 4770 Buford Highway NE,MS K-34, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM dkissin@cdc.gov NR 35 TC 47 Z9 48 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0269-9370 J9 AIDS JI Aids PD NOV 12 PY 2007 VL 21 IS 17 BP 2333 EP 2340 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA 233OC UT WOS:000251099200010 PM 18090282 ER PT J AU Armah, HB Wilson, NO Sarfo, BY Powell, MD Bond, VC Anderson, W Adjei, AA Gyasi, RK Tettey, Y Wiredu, EK Tongren, JE Udhayakumar, V Stiles, JK AF Armah, Henry B. Wilson, Nana O. Sarfo, Bismark Y. Powell, Michael D. Bond, Vincent C. Anderson, Winston Adjei, Andrew A. Gyasi, Richard K. Tettey, Yao Wiredu, Edwin K. Tongren, Jon Eric Udhayakumar, Venkatachalam Stiles, Jonathan K. TI Cerebrospinal fluid and serum biomarkers of cerebral malaria mortality in Ghanaian children SO MALARIA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM MALARIA; NECROSIS-FACTOR-ALPHA; BLOOD-BRAIN-BARRIER; SOLUBLE FAS LIGAND; IN-VIVO; UNCOMPLICATED MALARIA; INDUCIBLE PROTEIN-10; TNF-ALPHA; CELLS; INTERFERON AB Background: Plasmodium falciparum can cause a diffuse encephalopathy known as cerebral malaria (CM), a major contributor to malaria associated mortality. Despite treatment, mortality due to CM can be as high as 30% while 10% of survivors of the disease may experience short-and long-term neurological complications. The pathogenesis of CM and other forms of severe malaria is multi-factorial and appear to involve cytokine and chemokine homeostasis, inflammation and vascular injury/repair. Identification of prognostic markers that can predict CM severity will enable development of better intervention. Methods: Postmortem serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples were obtained within 2-4 hours of death in Ghanaian children dying of CM, severe malarial anemia (SMA), and non-malarial (NM) causes. Serum and CSF levels of 36 different biomarkers (IL-1 beta, IL-I ra, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-7, IL-8, IL-9, IL-10, IL-12 (p70), IL-13, IL-15, IL-17, Eotaxin, FGF basic protein, CRP, G-CSF, GM-CSF, IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha, IP-10, MCP-I (MCAF), MIP-I alpha, MIP-I beta, RANTES, SDF-I alpha, CXCLII (I-TAC), Fas-ligand [Fas-L], soluble Fas [sFas], sTNF-R1 (p55), sTNF-R2 (p75), MMP-9, TGF-beta I, PDGF bb and VEGF) were measured and the results compared between the 3 groups. Results: After Bonferroni adjustment for other biomarkers, IP-10 was the only serum biomarker independently associated with CM mortality when compared to SMA and NM deaths. Eight CSF biomarkers (IL-Ira, IL-8, IP-10, PDGFbb, MIP-I beta, Fas-L, sTNFR1, and sTNF-R2) were significantly elevated in CM mortality group when compared to SMA and NM deaths. Additionally, CSF IP-10/PDGFbb median ratio was statistically significantly higher in the CM group compared to SMA and NM groups. Conclusion: The parasite-induced local cerebral dysregulation in the production of IP-10, 1L-8, MIP-I beta, PDGFbb, IL-I ra, Fas-L, sTNF-RI, and sTNF-R2 may be involved in CM neuropathology, and their immunoassay may have potential utility in predicting mortality in CM. C1 [Armah, Henry B.; Wilson, Nana O.; Powell, Michael D.; Bond, Vincent C.; Stiles, Jonathan K.] Morehouse Sch Med, Dept Microbiol Biochem & Immunol, Atlanta, GA 30310 USA. [Armah, Henry B.; Adjei, Andrew A.; Gyasi, Richard K.; Tettey, Yao; Wiredu, Edwin K.] Univ Ghana, Sch Med, Dept Pathol, Accra, Ghana. [Sarfo, Bismark Y.] Noguchi Mem Inst Med Res, Dept Parasitol, Legon, Ghana. [Anderson, Winston] Howard Univ, Dept Biol, Washington, DC 20059 USA. [Tongren, Jon Eric; Udhayakumar, Venkatachalam] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, Div Parasit Dis, Malaria Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Stiles, JK (reprint author), Morehouse Sch Med, Dept Microbiol Biochem & Immunol, Atlanta, GA 30310 USA. EM hbaarmah@hotmail.com; nwilson@msm.edu; sbismark@yahoo.com; mpowell@msm.edu; vbond@msm.edu; wanderson@howard.edu; andrewadjei50@hotmail.com; rkg539us@yahoo.com; yaotettey@yahoo.com; edwin_wiredu@excite.com; Eric.Tongren@maine.gov; vxu0@cdc.gov; jstiles@msm.edu FU FIC NIH HHS [R21TW006804-01, R21 TW006804]; NCRR NIH HHS [G12 RR003034, RR03034]; NIGMS NIH HHS [S06 GM008248, SO6GM08248] NR 55 TC 108 Z9 108 U1 1 U2 6 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1475-2875 J9 MALARIA J JI Malar. J. PD NOV 12 PY 2007 VL 6 AR 147 DI 10.1186/1475-2875-6-147 PG 17 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA 250CY UT WOS:000252278800001 PM 17997848 ER PT J AU Mahapatra, P Shibuya, K Lopez, AD Coullare, F Notzon, FC Rao, C Szreter, S AF Mahapatra, Prosanta Shibuya, Kenji Lopez, Alan D. Coullare, Francesca Notzon, Francis C. Rao, Chalapati Szreter, Simon CA MoVE Writing Grp TI Civil registration systems and vital statistics: successes and missed opportunities SO LANCET LA English DT Article ID EPIDEMIOLOGIC TRANSITION; HEALTH-STATISTICS; VERBAL AUTOPSY; MORTALITY; DEATH; AMERICA AB Vital statistics generated through civil registration systems are the major source of continuous monitoring of births and deaths over time. The usefulness of vital statistics depends on their quality. In the second paper in this Series we propose a comprehensive and practical framework for assessment of the quality of vital statistics. With use of routine reports to the UN and cause-of-death data reported to WHO, we review the present situation and past trends of vital statistics in the world and note little improvement in worldwide availability of general vital statistics or cause-of-death statistics. Only a few developing countries have been able to improve their civil registration and vital statistics systems in the past 50 years. International efforts to improve comparability of vital statistics seem to be effective, and there is reasonable progress in collection and publication of data. However, worldwide efforts to improve data have been limited to sporadic and short-term measures. We conclude that countries and developmental partners have not recognised that civil registration systems are a priority. C1 HACA Bhavan, Inst Hlth Syst, Hyderabad 500004, Andhra Pradesh, India. WHO, Measurement & Hlth Informat Syst, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. Univ Queensland, Sch Populat Hlth, Brisbane, Qld, Australia. UN Stat Div, New York, NY USA. CDC, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD USA. Hist Fac, Cambridge, England. St Johns Coll, Cambridge, England. RP Mahapatra, P (reprint author), HACA Bhavan, Inst Hlth Syst, Hyderabad 500004, Andhra Pradesh, India. EM pmahapat@ihsnet.org.in RI Lopez, Alan/F-1487-2010; Rao, Chalapati/H-7645-2012 OI Lopez, Alan/0000-0001-5818-6512; Rao, Chalapati/0000-0002-9554-0581 NR 67 TC 115 Z9 116 U1 1 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0140-6736 J9 LANCET JI Lancet PD NOV 10 PY 2007 VL 370 IS 9599 BP 1653 EP 1663 DI 10.1016/S0140-6736(07)61308-7 PG 11 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 230NO UT WOS:000250883400025 PM 18029006 ER PT J AU Yu, W Yesupriya, A Wulf, A Qu, JF Khoury, MJ Gwinn, M AF Yu, Wei Yesupriya, Ajay Wulf, Anja Qu, Junfeng Khoury, Muin J. Gwinn, Marta TI An open source infrastructure for managing knowledge and finding potential collaborators in a domain-specific subset of PubMed, with an example from human genome epidemiology SO BMC BIOINFORMATICS LA English DT Article ID INVESTIGATOR NETWORKS AB Background: Identifying relevant research in an ever-growing body of published literature is becoming increasingly difficult. Establishing domain-specific knowledge bases may be a more effective and efficient way to manage and query information within specific biomedical fields. Adopting controlled vocabulary is a critical step toward data integration and interoperability in any information system. We present an open source infrastructure that provides a powerful capacity for managing and mining data within a domain-specific knowledge base. As a practical application of our infrastructure, we presented two applications - Literature Finder and Investigator Browser as well as a tool set for automating the data curating process for the human genome published literature database. The design of this infrastructure makes the system potentially extensible to other data sources. Results: Information retrieval and usability tests demonstrated that the system had high rates of recall and precision, 90% and 93% respectively. The system was easy to learn, easy to use, reasonably speedy and effective. Conclusion: The open source system infrastructure presented in this paper provides a novel approach to managing and querying information and knowledge from domain-specific PubMed data. Using the controlled vocabulary UMLS enhanced data integration and interoperability and the extensibility of the system. In addition, by using MVC-based design and Java as a platform-independent programming language, this system provides a potential infrastructure for any domain-specific knowledge base in the biomedical field. C1 [Yu, Wei; Yesupriya, Ajay; Wulf, Anja; Khoury, Muin J.; Gwinn, Marta] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Coordinating Ctr Hlth Promot, Natl Off Publ Hlth Gen, Atlanta, GA USA. [Qu, Junfeng] Clayton State Univ, Dept Informat Technol, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Yu, W (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Coordinating Ctr Hlth Promot, Natl Off Publ Hlth Gen, Atlanta, GA USA. EM WYu@cdc.gov; AYesupriya@cdc.gov; AWulf@cdc.gov; jqu@clayton.edu; MKhoury@cdc.gov; MGwinn@cdc.gov NR 17 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2105 J9 BMC BIOINFORMATICS JI BMC Bioinformatics PD NOV 9 PY 2007 VL 8 AR 436 DI 10.1186/1471-2105-8-436 PG 13 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Mathematical & Computational Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Mathematical & Computational Biology GA 268QT UT WOS:000253595000002 PM 17996092 ER PT J AU Kirkland, KB Talbot, EA Lasky, RA McLellan, RK Montero, JT Barry, MA McCarthy, TA Gunn, JE Pendarvis, JL Han, LL Devasia, RA Edwards, KM Jones, TF Kretsinger, K Tondella, ML Tatti, KM Brown, KH Slade, BA Wu, KH Lu, X Patel, M AF Kirkland, K. B. Talbot, E. A. Lasky, R. A. McLellan, R. K. Montero, J. T. Barry, M. A. McCarthy, T. A. Gunn, J. E. Pendarvis, J. L. Han, L. L. Devasia, R. A. Edwards, K. M. Jones, T. F. Kretsinger, K. Tondella, M. L. Tatti, K. M. Brown, K. H. Slade, B. A. Wu, K-H Lu, X. Patel, M. TI Outbreaks of respiratory illness mistakenly attributed to pertussis - New Hampshire, Massachusetts, and Tennessee, 2004-2006 (Reprinted from MMWR vol 56, pg 837-842, 2007) SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Reprint ID BORDETELLA-PERTUSSIS; DIAGNOSIS; CULTURE; PCR C1 Dartmouth Hitchcock Med Ctr, Lebanon, NH 03766 USA. New Hampshire Dept Hlth, Concord, NH USA. Boston Publ Hlth Commiss, Boston, MA USA. Massachusetts Dept Publ Hlth, Boston, MA 02111 USA. Vanderbilt Univ, Med Ctr, Nashville, TN USA. Tennessee Dept Publ Hlth, Nashville, TN USA. CDC, Div Bacterial Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. CDC, Div Viral Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Kirkland, KB (reprint author), Dartmouth Hitchcock Med Ctr, Lebanon, NH 03766 USA. RI Tatti, Kathleen/H-5912-2012 OI Tatti, Kathleen/0000-0001-9414-7887 NR 9 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD NOV 7 PY 2007 VL 298 IS 17 BP 1999 EP 2002 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 228GP UT WOS:000250718200010 ER PT J AU Flegal, KM Graubard, BI Williamson, DF Gail, MH AF Flegal, Katherine M. Graubard, Barry I. Williamson, David F. Gail, Mitchell H. TI Cause-specific excess deaths associated with underweight, overweight, and obesity SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID BODY-MASS INDEX; OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY-DISEASE; CAUSE-SPECIFIC MORTALITY; AIR-FLOW OBSTRUCTION; MIDDLE-AGED MEN; US ADULTS; FOLLOW-UP; CANCER-MORTALITY; HEART-FAILURE; COHORT AB Context The association of body mass index (BMI) with cause-specific mortality has not been reported for the US population. Objective To estimate cause-specific excess deaths associated with underweight (BMI < 18.5), overweight (BMI 25- <30), and obesity (BMI >= 30). Design, Setting, and Participants Cause-specific relative risks of mortality from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) I, 1971-1975; II, 19761980; and III, 1988-1994, with mortality follow-up through 2000 (571 042 person-years of follow-up) were combined with data on BMI and other covariates from NHANES 1999-2002 with underlying cause of death information for 2.3 million adults 25 years and older from 2004 vital statistics data for the United States. Main Outcome Measures Cause-specific excess deaths in 2004 by BMI levels for categories of cardiovascular disease (CVD), cancer, and all other causes (noncancer, non-CVD causes). Results Based on total follow-up, underweight was associated with significantly increased mortality from noncancer, non-CVD causes (23 455 excess deaths; 95% confidence interval [CI], 11 848 to 35 061) but not associated with cancer or CVD mortality. Overweight was associated with significantly decreased mortality from noncancer, non-CVD causes (-69 299 excess deaths; 95% CI, -100 702 to -37 897) but not associated with cancer or CVD mortality. Obesity was associated with significantly increased CVD mortality (112 159 excess deaths; 95% CI, 87 842 to 136 476) but not associated with cancer mortality or with noncancer, non-CVD mortality. In further analyses, overweight and obesity combined were associated with increased mortality from diabetes and kidney disease (61 248 excess deaths; 95% CI, 49 685 to 72 811) and decreased mortality from other noncancer, non-CVD causes (-105 572 excess deaths; 95% CI, -161 816 to -49 328). Obesity was associated with increased mortality from cancers considered obesity-related (13 839 excess deaths; 95% CI, 1920 to 25 758) but not associated with mortality from other cancers. Comparisons across surveys suggested a decrease in the association of obesity with CVD mortality over time. Conclusions The BMI-mortality association varies by cause of death. These results help to clarify the associations of BMI with all-cause mortality. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. NCI, Div Canc Epidemiol & Genet, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Diabet Translat, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Flegal, KM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, 3311 Toledo Rd,Room 4201, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. EM kmf2@cdc.gov RI Flegal, Katherine/A-4608-2013; OI Flegal, Katherine/0000-0002-0838-469X NR 55 TC 746 Z9 772 U1 2 U2 50 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD NOV 7 PY 2007 VL 298 IS 17 BP 2028 EP 2037 DI 10.1001/jama.298.17.2028 PG 10 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 228GP UT WOS:000250718200023 PM 17986696 ER PT J AU Gregg, EW Guralnik, JM AF Gregg, Edward W. Guralnik, Jack M. TI Is disability obesity's price of longevity? SO JAMA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION LA English DT Editorial Material ID DISEASE RISK-FACTORS; UNITED-STATES; LIFE EXPECTANCY; TRENDS; ADULTS; 21ST-CENTURY; OVERWEIGHT; ARTHRITIS; DEATHS C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, US PHS, Div Diabet Translat, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. NIA, Lab Epidemiol Demog & Biometry, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Gregg, EW (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, US PHS, Div Diabet Translat, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,Mailstop K-10, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM edg7@cdc.gov FU Intramural NIH HHS NR 25 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610-0946 USA SN 0098-7484 J9 JAMA-J AM MED ASSOC JI JAMA-J. Am. Med. Assoc. PD NOV 7 PY 2007 VL 298 IS 17 BP 2066 EP 2067 DI 10.1001/jama.298.17.2066 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 228GP UT WOS:000250718200030 PM 17986703 ER PT J AU Freedman, DM Looker, AC Chang, SC Graubard, BI AF Freedman, D. Michal Looker, Anne C. Chang, Shih-Chen Graubard, Barry I. TI Prospective study of serum vitamin D and cancer mortality in the United States SO JOURNAL OF THE NATIONAL CANCER INSTITUTE LA English DT Article ID NON-HODGKINS-LYMPHOMA; COLON-CANCER; ULTRAVIOLET-RADIATION; PROSTATE-CANCER; BREAST-CANCER; COLORECTAL-CANCER; SOLAR-RADIATION; SUBSEQUENT RISK; D METABOLITES; SUNLIGHT AB Background Vitamin D has been hypothesized to reduce cancer mortality through its effects on incidence and/or survival. Epidemiologic studies of the association of 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] and the risk of cancer, however, have been largely limited to incident cancers at a few sites. Methods A total of 16818 participants in the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey who were 17 years or older at enrollment were followed from 1988-1994 through 2000. Levels of serum 25(OH)D were measured at baseline by radioimmunoassay. Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to examine the relationship between serum 25(OH)D levels and total cancer mortality (in the entire population or according to race/ethnicity, sex, age, and retinol status) and mortality from specific cancers. Because serum was collected in the south in cooler months and the north in warmer months, we examined associations by collection season. All statistical tests were two-sided. Results We identified 536 cancer deaths in 146578 person-years. Total cancer mortality was unrelated to baseline vitamin D status in the entire population, men, women, non-Hispanic whites, non-Hispanic blacks, Mexican Americans, and in persons younger than 70 or 70 years or older. We found no interaction between vitamin D and season or vitamin D and serum retinol. Colorectal cancer mortality was inversely related to serum 25(OH)D level, with levels 80 nmol/L or higher associated with a 72% risk reduction (95% confidence interval = 32% to 89%) compared with lower than 50 nmol/L, P-trend = .02. Conclusions Our results do not support an association between 25(OH)D and total cancer mortality, although there was an inverse relationship between 25(OH)D levels and colorectal cancer mortality. C1 NIH, NCI, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Div Canc Epidemiol & Genet, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. RP Freedman, DM (reprint author), NIH, NCI, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Div Canc Epidemiol & Genet, Execut Pl S Rm 7036,6120 Execut Blvd, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM mf101e@nih.gov FU Intramural NIH HHS NR 47 TC 209 Z9 216 U1 1 U2 11 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0027-8874 J9 J NATL CANCER I JI J. Natl. Cancer Inst. PD NOV 7 PY 2007 VL 99 IS 21 BP 1594 EP 1602 DI 10.1093/jnci/djm204 PG 9 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 233DY UT WOS:000251071800011 PM 17971526 ER PT J AU Eller, MA Eller, LA Opollo, MS Ouma, BJ Oballah, PO Galley, L Karnasuta, C Kim, SR Robb, ML Michael, NL Kibuuka, H Wabwire-Mangen, F Graham, BS Birx, DL de Souza, MS Cox, JH AF Eller, Michael A. Eller, Leigh Anne Opollo, Marc S. Ouma, Benson J. Oballah, Peter O. Galley, Lynee Karnasuta, Chitraporn Kim, Silvia Ratto Robb, Merlin L. Michael, Nelson L. Kibuuka, Hannah Wabwire-Mangen, Fred Graham, Barney S. Birx, Deborah L. de Souza, Mark S. Cox, Josephine H. TI Induction of HIV-specific functional immune responses by a multiclade HIV-1 DNA vaccine candidate in healthy Ugandans SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE DNA vaccine; HIV-1; CTL; LPA; ADCC ID T-CELL RESPONSES; IMMUNOGENICITY EVALUATION; CLINICAL-TRIALS; PHASE-1 SAFETY; SUBTYPE-B; VOLUNTEERS; DIVERSITY; VECTOR; ADULTS AB A phase I randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled trial to assess the immunogenicity of a multiclade HIV-1 DNA plasmid vaccine was conducted in 31 HIV-1-negative Ugandans. Following immunization with DNA at 0, 1, and 2 months, the frequency of HIV-specific immune responses was assessed up to 10 months using a standard chromium release assay (CRA), lymphoproliferative assay (LPA), and antibody dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity assay (ADCC). Seven of 15 (47%) vaccinees demonstrated CTL activity using the CRA to HIV-1 Env B with responses observed 1 month following the second vaccination and as late as 7 months following complete immunization. Additionally, lymphoproliferative reponses were observed in 14/15 vaccinees against p24. No CTL or LPA responses were observed at baseline or in the placebo group. ADCC activity was minimally induced by DNA vaccination. This study demonstrates that immunization with DNA alone induces CTL and lymphoproliferative responses in a population that will participate in a phase IIb study evaluating HIV-1 DNA priming followed by boosting with a replication-defective recombinant adenovirus vector. (c) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Makerere Univ, Walter Reed Project, Kampala, Uganda. Henry M Jackson Fdn, Rockville, MD USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Retrovirol, Rockville, MD USA. NIH, Vaccine Res, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Eller, MA (reprint author), Makerere Univ, Walter Reed Project, Kampala, Uganda. EM meller@muwrp.org OI waluyo, imam/0000-0002-1813-9487 NR 18 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD NOV 7 PY 2007 VL 25 IS 45 BP 7737 EP 7742 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2007.08.056 PG 6 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 233PU UT WOS:000251103600005 PM 17920731 ER PT J AU Stevens, JA Thomas, KE Sogolow, ED AF Stevens, Judy A. Thomas, Karen E. Sogolow, Ellen D. TI Seasonal patterns of fatal and nonfatal falls among older adults in the US SO ACCIDENT ANALYSIS AND PREVENTION LA English DT Article DE aged; elderly; climate; falls; seasons ID HIP-FRACTURES; VITAMIN-D; INJURIES; FREQUENCY; WEATHER; WOMEN; RISK AB Introduction: While many believe that older adults fall more often during the winter months, research on this is inconclusive. This study used nationally representative data from 2001 to 2002 to examine unintentional fatal fall rates among older men and women by season and climate, and nonfatal fall rates by season. Methods: We studied fatal and nonfatal unintentional falls among U.S. adults aged >= 65 during December 2001-November 2002 by season. Fatal fall data were obtained from National Center for Health Statistics' annual mortality tapes; nonfatal fall data for injuries treated in emergency departments were obtained from the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System All Injury Program. Fatal falls were also analyzed by climate based on each state's average January 1, 2001 temperature (colder climates <= 32 degrees F (0 degrees C) and warmer climates >32 degrees F (0 degrees C)). Results: From December 2001 through November 2002, neither fatal nor nonfatal fall injury rates showed any seasonal patterns. For fatal falls, the average rate was 9.1 percent higher in colder climates, regardless of season. Conclusion: Among older adults, fatal fall rates appear to be influenced more by climate than by season. Additional research is needed to clarify the mechanisms underlying these observations. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Stevens, JA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, 4770 Buford Highway NE,Mailstop K-63, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM jas2@cdc.gov; KEThomas@cdc.gov; els206@lehigh.edu NR 32 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0001-4575 J9 ACCIDENT ANAL PREV JI Accid. Anal. Prev. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 39 IS 6 BP 1239 EP 1244 DI 10.1016/j.aap.2007.03.011 PG 6 WC Ergonomics; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary; Transportation SC Engineering; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences - Other Topics; Transportation GA 230QW UT WOS:000250892000022 PM 17920848 ER PT J AU Nelson, KE Costello, C Suriyanon, V Sennun, S Duerr, A AF Nelson, Kenrad E. Costello, Caroline Suriyanon, Vinai Sennun, Supaluk Duerr, Ann TI Survival of blood donors and their spouses with HIV-1 subtype E (CRF01 A_E) infection in northern Thailand, 1992-2007 SO AIDS LA English DT Article DE HIV natural history; low/middle-income countries; survival; Thailand ID DISEASE PROGRESSION; NATURAL-HISTORY; RAPID PROGRESSION; FOLLOW-UP; HLA-B; AFRICA; TYPE-1; AIDS; SEROCONVERSION; TRANSMISSION AB Objectives: To evaluate the survival patterns among adults in Thailand 8-14 years after HIV-1 subtype E (CRF01 A_E) infection. Design: Follow-up for the current vital status of adults who were estimated to have had incident HIV-1 subtype E infection 8-14 years previously. Methods: Data on the survival of a population of HIV-1-infected male blood donors and their seropositive wives was obtained during March-April 2007. These subjects were identified from a subpopulation of 150 individuals whose seroconversion interval was estimated to be less than 2 years and who were enrolled in 1992-1997. National registration, vital records, and death certificates, as appropriate, were obtained and Kaplan-Meier survival curves were constructed for the entire population, for males and females, and for individuals above and equal to or below the median age at infection. Results: The vital status was obtained for 138 of 150 subjects (92%). The overall median survival was 8.2 [95% confidence interval (Cl) 7.1-9.4] years. The median survival did not differ significantly between men and women or in those above or below the median age. Conclusion: The median survival of 8.2 years in this population of young adults in Thailand was significantly less than that reported among persons of similar age in high-income countries or in eastern or southern Africa. The survival among individuals in Thailand infected with HIV-1 subtype E appears to be similar to that reported among individuals in Africa infected with HIV-1 subtype D. (C) 2007 Wolters Kluwer Health I Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. C1 [Nelson, Kenrad E.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Costello, Caroline; Duerr, Ann] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Suriyanon, Vinai; Sennun, Supaluk] Chiang Mai Univ, Res Inst Hlth Sci, Chiang Mai, Thailand. [Costello, Caroline] Univ Calif Los Angeles, Sch Publ Hlth, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Duerr, Ann] Univ Washington, Fred Hutchinson Canc Ctr, HIV Vaccine Trials Ctr, Seattle, WA USA. RP Nelson, KE (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, 615N Wolfe St, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. EM kenelson@jhsph.edu NR 34 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0269-9370 J9 AIDS JI Aids PD NOV PY 2007 VL 21 SU 6 BP S47 EP S54 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA 243KC UT WOS:000251794200007 PM 18032938 ER PT J AU Peters, PJ Karita, E Kayitenkore, K Meinzen-Derr, J Kim, DJ Tichacek, A Allen, SA AF Peters, Philip J. Karita, Etienne Kayitenkore, Kayitesi Meinzen-Derr, Jareen Kim, Dhong-Jin Tichacek, Amanda Allen, Susan A. TI HIV-infected Rwandan women have a high frequency of long-term survival SO AIDS LA English DT Article DE Africa; HIV long-term survivors; natural history; survival analysis; survival rate; women ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; DISEASE PROGRESSION; TYPE-1 INFECTION; NATURAL-HISTORY; REPRESENTATIVE SAMPLE; CHILDBEARING WOMEN; HOMOSEXUAL-MEN; LARGE COHORT; SUBTYPE-A; SEROCONVERSION AB Objectives: To evaluate rates of long-term survival in a prospective, longitudinal, closed HIV cohort in Africa between 1986 and 2006. Methods: A total of 548 HIV-infected Rwandan women were recruited from prenatal clinics in Kigali and followed at 3-6 month intervals to February 2006. Overall, 401 women (73%) were HIV positive at initial cross-sectional testing in 1986 (seroprevalent cohort) and 147 women (27%) were initially HIV negative but seroconverted during follow-up from 1986 to 1993 (seroincident cohort). Kaplan-Meier survival methods were used to calculate survival times censored in mid-2003. Results: In February 2006, 109 women (20%) remained alive in the cohort. Time to 50% non-genocide mortality was 11.9 years among seroincident women and 8.9 years among seroprevalent women. Smoothed mortality rates increased with duration of follow-up to a peak of 0.12 deaths per person-year at 9.5 years of follow-up but subsequently declined. After 15 years of follow-up (pre-HAART introduction), the survival probability was 36% for seroincident women and 26% for seroprevalent women. Most survivors had virological and immunological evidence of disease progression. The median CD4 cell count of survivors declined from 447cells/mu l in 1998 to 268 cells/mu l in 2003. Among survivors, 57 women (52%) met treatment criteria and initiated antiretroviral treatment by 2006. Conclusion: Although median survival times in this cohort were similar to those observed in high-income countries, the rates of long-term survival after 15 years of follow-up were higher than expected. A levelling off of mortality rates during the late stages of follow-up may explain this high rate of long-term survival. (C) 2007 Wolters Kluwer Health vertical bar Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. C1 [Peters, Philip J.] Emory Univ, Dept Global Hlth, Div Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Tichacek, Amanda; Allen, Susan A.] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Karita, Etienne; Kayitenkore, Kayitesi] Proj San Francisco, Kigali, Rwanda. [Meinzen-Derr, Jareen] Cincinnati Childrens Hosp, Med Ctr, Ctr Biostat & Epidemiol, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Kim, Dhong-Jin] Univ Alabama, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA. RP Peters, PJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE, MS E-45, Decatur, GA 30030 USA. EM pjpeters@cdc.gov RI Meinzen-Derr, Jareen/N-4805-2015 FU FIC NIH HHS [D43 TW001042]; PHS HHS [R01 23980, R01 40125, R01 51231, R01 66767, R01 40951] NR 32 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0269-9370 J9 AIDS JI Aids PD NOV PY 2007 VL 21 SU 6 BP S31 EP S37 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA 243KC UT WOS:000251794200005 PM 18032936 ER PT J AU Carter, MW Kraft, JM Koppenhaver, T Galavotti, C Roels, TH Kilmarx, PH Fidzani, B AF Carter, Marion W. Kraft, Joan Marie Koppenhaver, Todd Galavotti, Christine Roels, Thierry H. Kilmarx, Peter H. Fidzani, Boga TI "A bull cannot be contained in a single kraal": Concurrent sexual partnerships in Botswana SO AIDS AND BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article DE cncurrency; mltiple partnerships; Botswana; HIV prevention ID HIV-PREVENTION; INTERVENTIONS; TRANSMISSION; REDUCTION; EPIDEMIC AB To inform efforts to curb HIV in Botswana, we describe sexual concurrency and related norms and behaviors among a sample of 807 Batswana age 15-49 years who participated in a 2003 population-based survey. Of 546 sexually active respondents, 23% reported ever having a concurrent sexual partnership with any of the last three partners from the last 12 months. Multivariate analysis found that men and youth (age < 25 years), and non-religious people were more likely than their respective counterparts to report concurrency. Respondents reporting concurrency were more likely than those not, to have norms that support multiple partnerships and report low self-efficacy to be faithful to one partner. However, a majority of both groups reported believing that fidelity is important and that they would be looked down upon by family and friends if discovered to have multiple partnerships. The findings suggest that concurrency in Botswana is not uncommon, and yet may not be generally acceptable. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, BOTUSA Project, Gaborone, Botswana. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. Axiom Resource Management Inc, Falls Church, VA USA. Natl AIDS Coordinating Agcy, Gaborone, Botswana. RP Carter, MW (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, BOTUSA Project, Plot 5348 Ditlhakore Way,Extens 12,POB 90, Gaborone, Botswana. EM CarterM@bw.cdc.gov OI Kilmarx, Peter/0000-0001-6464-3345 NR 27 TC 45 Z9 46 U1 1 U2 2 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1090-7165 J9 AIDS BEHAV JI AIDS behav. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 11 IS 6 BP 822 EP 830 DI 10.1007/s10461-006-9203-6 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences, Biomedical SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Biomedical Social Sciences GA 221CF UT WOS:000250204300003 PM 17295072 ER PT J AU Henny, KD Kidder, DP Stall, R Wolitski, RJ AF Henny, Kirk D. Kidder, Daniel P. Stall, Ron Wolitski, Richard J. TI Physical and sexual abuse among homeless and unstably housed adults living with HIV: Prevalence and associated risks SO AIDS AND BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article DE violence; housing; HIV/AIDS; childhood sexual abuse; homeless; physical abuse; sexual abuse; IPV; CSA ID INTIMATE PARTNER VIOLENCE; HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; UNITED-STATES; SUBSTANCE-ABUSE; HEALTH-CARE; INFECTION; CHILDHOOD; WOMEN; BEHAVIOR; MEN AB We examined the prevalence and risks associated with interpersonal (physical and sexual) abuse among HIV-seropositive homeless or unstably housed adults. Data were obtained from the Housing and Health Study of participants living in Baltimore, Chicago, and Los Angeles (n = 644). We used logistic regression to identify risks associated with abuse. About 77% of men and 86% of women reported ever experiencing abuse. Women were at greater risk than men for intimate partner physical abuse, childhood sexual abuse (CSA), and adulthood sexual abuse. Men and women experiencing intimate partner physical abuse reported increased risk of unprotected sex. Other risks associated with abuse include sex exchange; lifetime alcohol abuse; and depressive symptoms. Abuse prevalence among sample exceeds those found in other samples of general USA, HIV-seropositive, and homeless populations. Identifying persons at risk of abuse is needed to reduce risk among homeless or unstably housed persons living with HIV. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Grad Sch Publ Hlth, Pittsburgh, PA USA. RP Henny, KD (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, 1600 Clifton Rd,NE MS E-37, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM khenny@cdc.gov RI Wolitski, Richard/B-2323-2008; OI Henny, Kirk/0000-0002-0886-8651 NR 51 TC 28 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1090-7165 J9 AIDS BEHAV JI AIDS behav. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 11 IS 6 BP 842 EP 853 DI 10.1007/s10461-007-9251-6 PG 12 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences, Biomedical SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Biomedical Social Sciences GA 221CF UT WOS:000250204300005 PM 17577656 ER PT J AU Sohler, NL Fitzpatrick, LK Lindsay, RG Anastos, K Cunningham, CO AF Sohler, Nancy Lynn Fitzpatrick, Lisa K. Lindsay, Rebecca G. Anastos, Kathryn Cunningham, Chinazo O. TI Does patient-provider racial/ethnic concordance influence ratings of trust in people with HIV infection? SO AIDS AND BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4th International Conference on Urban Health CY OCT 26-28, 2005 CL Toronto, CANADA DE HIV; race; trust ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; HEALTH-CARE PROVIDERS; FACE-TO-FACE; AFRICAN-AMERICAN; UNITED-STATES; ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; PHYSICIAN RELATIONSHIP; SERVICES UTILIZATION; PROTEASE INHIBITORS; PREVENTIVE SERVICES AB Despite widely available and effective treatments, there are racial/ethnic disparities in HIV-related mortality rates. The reason for inadequate HIV/AIDS management among minority populations is not fully understood, however recent research indicates that patients rate the quality of their health care higher if they are racially/ethnically concordant with their providers. As trust plays prominently on health care ratings, we examined whether racial/ethnicity concordance was associated with two dimensions of trust, trust in the provider and mistrust in the health care system, in 380 HIV infected people New York City. In this sample, concordance was associated with lower mistrust in the health care system, but not with trust in provider. We conclude that in this patient population and within the health care system available to them, racial/ethnic concordance might be more important for helping patients to understand and navigate the health care system rather than in interpersonal relationships with a single provider. C1 CUNY, Sophie Davis Med Sch, New York, NY 10031 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. Montefiore Albert Einstein Coll Med, Dept Family & Social Med, Bronxville, NY USA. Montefiore Albert Einstein Coll Med, Dept Epidemiol & Populat Hlth, Bronxville, NY USA. Montefiore Albert Einstein Coll Med, Div Gen Internal Med, Bronx, NY USA. RP Sohler, NL (reprint author), CUNY, Sophie Davis Med Sch, 138th St & Convent Ave,City Coll Campus, New York, NY 10031 USA. EM nls9@columbia.edu FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI-51519]; PHS HHS [U65/CCU223363-03, H97 HA 00247-03] NR 57 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 3 U2 7 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1090-7165 J9 AIDS BEHAV JI AIDS behav. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 11 IS 6 BP 884 EP 896 DI 10.1007/s10461-007-9212-0 PG 13 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences, Biomedical SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Biomedical Social Sciences GA 221CF UT WOS:000250204300009 PM 17351738 ER PT J AU Brewer, TH Zhao, W Pereyra, M del Rio, C Loughlin, A Anderson-Mahoney, P Gardner, L Metsch, LR AF Brewer, Toye H. Zhao, Wei Pereyra, Margaret del Rio, Carlos Loughlin, Anita Anderson-Mahoney, Pamela Gardner, Lytt Metsch, Lisa R. TI Initiating HIV care: Attitudes and perceptions of HIV positive crack cocaine users SO AIDS AND BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article DE HIV primary care; crack cocaine use; access to care; minorities ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; INJECTION-DRUG USERS; ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; MEDICAL-CARE; SERVICES UTILIZATION; INFECTED ADULTS; HEALTH-CARE; ABUSE; WOMEN; AIDS AB There is limited data on the initiation and use of HIV care services by HIV-positive crack cocaine users. We analyzed data from a study of 286 recently infected HIV-positive persons recruited from 4 U.S. cities. Participants completed an Audio Computer Assisted Self Interview (A-CASI) regarding HIV care knowledge, attitudes, beliefs and practices related to the initiation of HIV care. In multiple logistic regression analysis, higher scores on an assessment of knowledge, attitudes and beliefs regarding HIV care, and Hispanic race were positively associated with initiating HIV primary care. Crack cocaine use in the past 30 days and male gender were negatively associated with initiating care. Injection drug use was not associated with initiation of care. Targeted interventions for crack cocaine users, including drug treatment, may be required to provide optimal HIV primary care use in this population. C1 Univ Miami, Sch Med, Dept Med, Miami, FL 33136 USA. Univ Miami, Sch Med, Dept Epidemiol & Publ Hlth, Miami, FL USA. Emory Sch Med, Dept Med, Atlanta, GA USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Epidemiol, Baltimore, MD USA. Hlth Res Assoc, Los Angeles, CA USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Brewer, TH (reprint author), Univ Miami, Sch Med, Dept Med, 1400 NW 10th Ave Ste 813 D-90A, Miami, FL 33136 USA. EM tbrewer@med.miami.edu RI del Rio, Carlos/B-3763-2012 OI del Rio, Carlos/0000-0002-0153-3517 FU PHS HHS [UR3/CCU417657] NR 37 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1090-7165 J9 AIDS BEHAV JI AIDS behav. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 11 IS 6 BP 897 EP 904 DI 10.1007/s10461-007-9210-2 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences, Biomedical SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Biomedical Social Sciences GA 221CF UT WOS:000250204300010 PM 17295070 ER PT J AU Aidala, AA Sumartojo, E AF Aidala, Angela A. Sumartojo, Esther TI Why housing? SO AIDS AND BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article DE housing; HIV/AIDS; structural factors; mechanisms; prevention; health care ID UNITED-STATES; SOCIAL-ENVIRONMENT; PUBLIC-HEALTH; STRUCTURAL INTERVENTIONS; HIV PREVENTION; SUBSTANCE USE; DRUG-USERS; RISK; POLICY; HOME AB Housing/lack of housing and HIV are powerfully linked. Housing occupies an important place in the causal chains linking poverty and inequality, and HIV risk and outcomes of infection. The articles in this Special Supplement of AIDS and Behavior confirm the impact of homelessness, and poor or unstable housing, on HIV/AIDS, and challenge scientists to test and policy makers to implement the promise of housing as an innovative response to the epidemic. In order to influence the development of policies on housing to benefit at-risk or HIV-infected persons, however, proponents must justify why this association exists, and how housing can help end the epidemic as well as improve the care and health of persons living with HIV/AIDS. We introduce this supplement with a discussion of the "why" question. C1 Columbia Univ, Mailman Sch Publ Hlth, New York, NY 10032 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Coordinating Ctr Hlth Promot, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Aidala, AA (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Mailman Sch Publ Hlth, 722 W 168th St,R503, New York, NY 10032 USA. EM aaa1@columbia.edu NR 55 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 3 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1090-7165 J9 AIDS BEHAV JI AIDS behav. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 11 IS 6 SU S BP S1 EP S6 DI 10.1007/s10461-007-9302-z PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences, Biomedical SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Biomedical Social Sciences GA 228UM UT WOS:000250758100001 ER PT J AU Holtgrave, DR Briddell, K Little, E Bendixen, AV Hooper, M Kidder, DP Wolitski, RJ Harre, D Royal, S Aidala, A AF Holtgrave, David R. Briddell, Kate Little, Eugene Bendixen, Arturo Valdivia Hooper, Myrna Kidder, Daniel P. Wolitski, Richard J. Harre, David Royal, Scott Aidala, Angela TI Cost and threshold analysis of housing as an HIV prevention intervention SO AIDS AND BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article DE housing; HIV; prevention; economic evaluation; cost-effectiveness ID UNITED-STATES AB The Housing and Health study examines the effects of permanent supportive housing for homeless and unstably housed persons living with HIV. While promising as an HIV prevention intervention, providing housing may be more expensive to deliver than some other HIV prevention services. Economic evaluation is needed to determine if investment in permanent supportive housing would be cost-saving or cost-effective. Here we ask - what is the per client cost of delivering the intervention, and how many HIV transmissions have to be averted in order to exceed the threshold needed to claim cost-savings or cost-effectiveness to society? Standard methods of cost and threshold analysis were employed. Payor perspective costs range from $9,256 to $11,651 per client per year; societal perspective costs range from $10,048 to $14,032 per client per year. Considering that averting a new case of HIV saves an estimated $221,365 in treatment costs, the average cost-saving threshold across the three study cities is 0.0555. Expressed another way, if just one out of every 19 Housing & Health intervention clients avoided HIV transmission to an HIV seronegative partner the intervention would be cost-saving. The intervention would be cost-effective if it prevented just one HIV transmission for every 64 clients served. C1 Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Behav & Soc, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. Family League Baltimore City, New York, NY USA. City Baltimore, Baltimore, MD USA. AIDS Fdn Chicago, Chicago, IL USA. Housing Author City Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. Dept Housing & Urban Dev, Washington, DC USA. ABT Associates Inc, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. Columbia Univ, Mailman Sch Publ Hlth, New York, NY USA. RP Holtgrave, DR (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Behav & Soc, 624 N Broadway,Suite 280, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. EM dholtgrave@jhsph.edu RI Wolitski, Richard/B-2323-2008 NR 13 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1090-7165 J9 AIDS BEHAV JI AIDS behav. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 11 IS 6 SU S BP S162 EP S166 DI 10.1007/s10461-007-9274-z PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences, Biomedical SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Biomedical Social Sciences GA 228UM UT WOS:000250758100016 ER PT J AU Kidder, DP Wolitski, RJ Royal, S Aidala, A Courtenay-Quirk, C Holtgrave, DR Harre, D Sumartojo, E Stall, R AF Kidder, Daniel P. Wolitski, Richard J. Royal, Scott Aidala, Angela Courtenay-Quirk, Cari Holtgrave, David R. Harre, David Sumartojo, Esther Stall, Ron CA Housing Hlth Study Team TI Access to housing as a structural intervention for homeless and unstably housed people living with HIV: Rationale, methods, and implementation of the housing and health study SO AIDS AND BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article DE homeless; housing; HIV; structural intervention; cost effectiveness ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; FACE-TO-FACE; TUBERCULOSIS INFECTION; RISK BEHAVIORS; PUBLIC-HEALTH; UNITED-STATES; PREVENTION; AUDIO; YOUTH; DRUG AB Homelessness and unstable housing have been associated with HIV risk behavior and poorer health among persons living with HlV/AlDS (PLWHA), yet prior research has not tested causal associations. This paper describes the challenges, methods, and baseline sample of the Housing and Health Study, a longitudinal, multi-site, randomized controlled trial investigating the effects of providing immediate rental housing assistance to PLWHA who were homeless or at severe risk of homelessness. Primary outcomes included HIV disease progression, medical care access and utilization, treatment adherence, mental and physical health, and risks of transmitting HIV. Across three study sites, 630 participants completed baseline sessions and were randomized to receive either immediate rental housing assistance (treatment group) or assistance finding housing according to local standard practice (comparison group). Baseline sessions included a questionnaire, a two-session HIV risk-reduction counseling intervention, and blood sample collection to measure CD4 counts and viral load levels. Three follow-up visits occurred at 6, 12, and 18 months after baseline. Participants were mostly male, Black, unmarried, low-income, and nearly half were between 40 and 49 years old. At 18 months, 84% of the baseline sample was retained. The retention rates demonstrate the feasibility of conducting scientifically rigorous housing research, and the baseline results provide important information regarding characteristics of this understudied population that can inform future HIV prevention and treatment efforts. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. ABT Associates Inc, Bethesda, MD USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. Columbia Univ, Mailman Sch Publ Hlth, New York, NY USA. Dept Housing & Urban Dev, Washington, DC USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Publ Hlth, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. RP Kidder, DP (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop E-37, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM dkidder@cdc.gov RI Wolitski, Richard/B-2323-2008 NR 42 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 3 U2 8 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1090-7165 J9 AIDS BEHAV JI AIDS behav. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 11 IS 6 SU S BP S149 EP S161 DI 10.1007/s10461-007-9249-0 PG 13 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences, Biomedical SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Biomedical Social Sciences GA 228UM UT WOS:000250758100015 ER PT J AU Wolitski, RJ Kidder, DP Fenton, KA AF Wolitski, Richard J. Kidder, Daniel P. Fenton, Kevin A. TI HIV, homelessness, and public health: Critical issues and a call for increased action SO AIDS AND BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article DE homeless persons; housing; HIV infections; unsafe sex; health services utilization; public policy ID ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; CASE-MANAGEMENT; RISK BEHAVIORS; HOUSING STATUS; UNITED-STATES; DRUG-USERS; INFECTION; ADHERENCE; INTEGRATION; POPULATION AB Homelessness and housing instability are significant public health issues that increase the risks of HIV acquisition and transmission and adversely affect the health of people living with HIV. This article highlights the contributions of selected papers in this special issue of AIDS and Behavior and considers them within the broader context of prior research on the associations between housing status and HIV risk, use of HIV medical care, adherence to HIV treatment, and the physical health of HIV-seropositive persons. Special recognition is given to the roles of interrelated health problems, such as substance abuse, poor mental health, and physical and sexual abuse, that often co-occur and exacerbate the challenges faced by those who are homeless or unstably housed. Taken as a whole, the findings indicate a critical need for public health programs to develop strategies that address the fundamental causes of HIV risk among homeless and unstably housed persons and, for those living with HIV, contribute to their risk of disease progression. Such strategies should include "mid-stream" and "upstream" approaches that address the underlying causes of these risks. The successful implementation of these strategies will require leadership and the formation of new partnerships on the part of public health agencies. Such efforts, however, may have significant effects on the individuals and communities most affected by HIV/AIDS. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Wolitski, RJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, 1600 Clifton RD NE E-37, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM RWolitski@cdc.gov RI Wolitski, Richard/B-2323-2008 NR 33 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 7 PU SPRINGER/PLENUM PUBLISHERS PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1090-7165 J9 AIDS BEHAV JI AIDS behav. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 11 IS 6 SU S BP S167 EP S171 DI 10.1007/s10461-007-9277-9 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Social Sciences, Biomedical SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Biomedical Social Sciences GA 228UM UT WOS:000250758100017 ER PT J AU Boneva, RS Switzer, WM Spira, TJ Bhullar, VB Shanmugam, V Cong, ME Lam, L Heneine, W Folks, TM Chapman, LE AF Boneva, Roumiana S. Switzer, William M. Spira, Thomas J. Bhullar, Vinod B. Shanmugam, Vedapuri Cong, Mian-Er Lam, Lee Heneine, Walid Folks, Thomas M. Chapman, Louisa E. TI Clinical and virological characterization of persistent human infection with simian foamy viruses SO AIDS RESEARCH AND HUMAN RETROVIRUSES LA English DT Article ID RETROVIRAL TRANSMISSION; CELL LYMPHOCYTOSIS; PRIMATES; IDENTIFICATION; MACAQUES; ANTIBODY AB Persons occupationally exposed to nonhuman primates ( NHPs) can be persistently infected with simian foamy virus (SFV). The clinical significance and person-to-person transmissibility of zoonotic SFV infection is unclear. Seven SFV-infected men responded to annual structured interviews and provided whole blood, oral, and urogenital specimens for study. Wives were tested for SFV infection. Proviral DNA was consistently detected by PCR in PBMCs of infected men and inconsistently in oral or urogenital samples. SFV was infrequently cultured from their PBMCs and throat swabs. Despite this and a long period of intimate exposure ( median 20 years), wives were SFV negative. Most participants reported nonspecific symptoms and diseases common to aging. However, one of two persons with mild thrombocytopenia had clinically asymptomatic non-progressive, monoclonal natural killer cell lymphocytosis of unclear relationship to SFV. All participants worked with NHPs before 1988 using mucocutaneous protection inconsistently; 57% described percutaneous injuries involving the infecting NHP species. SFV likely transmits to humans through both percutaneous and mucocutaneous exposures to NHP body fluids. Limited follow-up has not identified SFV-associated illness and secondary transmission among humans. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, HIV & Retrovirol Branch, Div AIDS STD & TB Lab Res, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. CDC, NCID, DASTLR, Immunol Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Switzer, WM (reprint author), CDC, Lab Branch, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV Hepatitis STD & TB Prevent,CCID, Mailstop G-45,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM bis3@cdc.gov NR 29 TC 45 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 2 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 0889-2229 J9 AIDS RES HUM RETROV JI Aids Res. Hum. Retrovir. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 23 IS 11 BP 1330 EP 1337 DI 10.1089/aid.2007.0104 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA 239SU UT WOS:000251538800004 PM 18184074 ER PT J AU Hahn, KME Bondy, ML Selvan, M Lund, MJ Liff, JM Flagg, EW Brinton, LA Porter, P Eley, JW Coates, RJ AF Hahn, Karin M. E. Bondy, Melissa L. Selvan, Mano Lund, Mary Jo Liff, Jonathan M. Flagg, Elaine W. Brinton, Louise A. Porter, Peggy Eley, J. William Coates, Ralph J. TI Factors associated with advanced disease stage at diagnosis in a population-based study of patients with newly diagnosed breast cancer SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE body mass index; breast neoplasms; demography; ethnic groups; socioeconomic factors ID HORMONE-RECEPTOR STATUS; AFRICAN-AMERICAN; WHITE WOMEN; SOCIOECONOMIC-STATUS; ETHNIC-DIFFERENCES; RACIAL-DIFFERENCES; ADIPOSE-TISSUE; TUMOR CHARACTERISTICS; HEALTH-INSURANCE; CERVICAL-CANCER AB Breast cancer is diagnosed at a younger age and a more advanced stage in African-American women than in White women. The authors investigated the effects of several factors, including race, on stage of breast cancer in women aged 20-54 years living in Atlanta, Georgia, and diagnosed between 1990 and 1992. A total of 251 African-American and 580 White women were interviewed and their medical records reviewed. By use of polytomous logistic regression, factors possibly influencing stage and racial differences in stage were studied. In African-American women, the odds of stage III/IV breast cancer at diagnosis were almost four times the odds in White women (odds ratio = 3.79, 95% confidence interval: 2.45, 5.89) and approximately two and one-half times for stage IIA or stage IIB disease (odds ratio = 2.57, 95% confidence interval: 1.66, 3.99; odds ratio = 1.94, 95% confidence interval: 1.31, 2.86, respectively). These racial differences appeared to be largely explained by insurance status, poverty, history of mammography, method of tumor detection, and obesity. Interventions targeting these factors could potentially lower the stage at diagnosis for African-American breast cancer patients and, in doing so, improve their survival and other outcomes. C1 Univ Texas, MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Dept Breast Med Oncol & Epidemiol, Houston, TX 77230 USA. Univ Texas, MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Dept Epidemiol, Houston, TX 77230 USA. Univ Texas, MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Dept Qual Improvement, Houston, TX 77230 USA. Emory Univ, Winship Canc Inst, Atlanta, GA USA. Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Public Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Atlanta, GA USA. Natl Ctr HIV,STD & TB Prevent, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Std HIV Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. Natl Canc Inst, Hormonal & Reproduct Epidemiol Branch, Bethesda, MD USA. Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr, Div Human Biol, Seattle, WA USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Hahn, KME (reprint author), Univ Texas, MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Dept Breast Med Oncol & Epidemiol, PO Box 301439, Houston, TX 77230 USA. EM khahn@mdanderson.org RI Brinton, Louise/G-7486-2015 OI Brinton, Louise/0000-0003-3853-8562 FU NCI NIH HHS [R01-CA64292-01A2, N01-CP-95604, N01-PC-35135]; PHS HHS [U48 CCU0619515] NR 49 TC 69 Z9 69 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD NOV 1 PY 2007 VL 166 IS 9 BP 1035 EP 1044 DI 10.1093/aje/kwm177 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 223VN UT WOS:000250400700007 PM 17690220 ER PT J AU Watt, JP O'Brien, KL Benin, AL Mccoy, SI Donaldson, CM Reid, R Schuchat, A Zell, ER Hochman, M Santosham, M Whitney, CG AF Watt, James P. O'Brien, Katherine L. Benin, Andrea L. McCoy, Sandra I. Donaldson, Connie M. Reid, Raymond Schuchat, Anne Zell, Elizabeth R. Hochman, Michael Santosham, Mathuram Whitney, Cynthia G. TI Risk factors for invasive pneumococcal disease among Navajo adults SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE alcoholism; heart failure; congestive; Indians; North American; kidney failure; chronic; risk factors; Streptococcus pneumoniae; unemployment ID STREPTOCOCCUS-PNEUMONIAE; POLYSACCHARIDE VACCINE; UNITED-STATES; INFECTIONS; PREVALENCE; DEPENDENCE; BACTEREMIA; DRINKING; HIV AB Invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) is 3-5 times more common among Navajo adults than in the general US population. The authors conducted a case-control study to identify risk factors for IPD among Navajo adults. Navajos aged >= 18 years with IPD were identified through prospective, population-based active laboratory surveillance (December 1999-February 2002). Controls matched to cases on age, gender, and neighborhood were selected. Risk factors were identified through structured interviews and medical record reviews. The authors conducted a matched analysis based on 118 cases and 353 controls. Risk factors included in the final multivariable analysis were chronic renal failure (odds ratio (OR) = 2.6, 95% confidence interval (Cl): 0.9, 7.7), congestive heart failure (OR = 5.6, 95% Cl: 2.2, 14.5), self-reported alcohol use or alcoholism (OR = 2.9, 95% Cl: 1.5, 5.4), body mass index (weight (kg)/height (m)(2)) <5th (OR = 3.2, 95% Cl: 1.0, 10.6) or >95th (OR = 2.8, 95% Cl: 1.0, 8.0) percentile, and unemployment (OR = 2.6, 95% Cl: 1.2, 5.5). The population attributable fractions were 10% for chronic renal failure, 18% for congestive heart failure, 30% for self-reported alcohol use or alcoholism, 6% for body mass index, and 20% for unemployment. Several modifiable risk factors for IPD in Navajos were identified. The high prevalence of renal failure, alcoholism, and unemployment among Navajo adults compared with the general US population may explain some of their increased risk of IPD. C1 Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Public Hlth, Ctr Americ Indian Hlth, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Res Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. Yale Univ, Sch Med, New Haven, CT USA. Univ N Carolina, Sch Publ Hlth, Chapel Hill, NC USA. Harvard Med Sch, Boston, MA USA. RP Watt, JP (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Public Hlth, Ctr Americ Indian Hlth, 621 N Washintong St, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. EM jwatt@jhsph.edu NR 24 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD NOV 1 PY 2007 VL 166 IS 9 BP 1080 EP 1087 DI 10.1093/aje/kwm178 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 223VN UT WOS:000250400700012 PM 17693393 ER PT J AU Cooper, D Hemmings, K Saunders, P AF Cooper, D. Hemmings, K. Saunders, P. TI Cancer incidence near radio and television transmitters in Great Britain. I. Sutton Coldfield transmitter; II. All high power transmitter (vol 153, pg 202, 2001) SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Correction C1 Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. RP Cooper, D (reprint author), Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS INC PI CARY PA JOURNALS DEPT, 2001 EVANS RD, CARY, NC 27513 USA SN 0002-9262 J9 AM J EPIDEMIOL JI Am. J. Epidemiol. PD NOV 1 PY 2007 VL 166 IS 9 BP 1107 EP 1107 DI 10.1093/aje/kwm275 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 223VN UT WOS:000250400700018 ER PT J AU Kahende, JW Woollery, TA Lee, CW AF Kahende, Jennifer W. Woollery, Trevor A. Lee, Chung-won TI Assessing medical expenditure on 4 smoking-related diseases, 1996-2001 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HEALTH BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article DE smoking; lung cancer; chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; ischemic heart disease; cerebrovascular disease ID CIGARETTE-SMOKING AB Objectives: To examine the current-period cost of treating 4 major smoking-related diseases: lung cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, ischemic heart disease, and cerebrovascular disease. Methods: Analyses are based on the MarketScan database, a medical claims database from large employers. Results: We found that total expenditures to treat ischemic heart disease were highest, followed by those to treat chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). When median expenditures per claim and disease severity were considered, lung cancer was the most expensive condition to treat and ischemic heart disease the least expensive. Median treatment expenditures increased as the severity of disease increased. Conclusion: Treating smoking-related diseases is costly in the current-period and over a lifetime. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Off Smoking & Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Chief Sci, Off Publ Hlth Res, Atlanta, GA USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV STD & TB Prevent, Global AIDS Program, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Kahende, JW (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Off Smoking & Hlth, 4770 Buford Highway NE,Mailstop K-50, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM JKahende@cdc.gov NR 10 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU PNG PUBLICATIONS PI STAR CITY PA PO BOX 4593, STAR CITY, WV 26504-4593 USA SN 1087-3244 J9 AM J HEALTH BEHAV JI Am. J. Health Behav. PD NOV-DEC PY 2007 VL 31 IS 6 BP 602 EP 611 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 233LG UT WOS:000251091800005 PM 17691873 ER PT J AU Lanza, A Albright, A Zucker, H Martin, M AF Lanza, Andrew Albright, Ann Zucker, Howard Martin, Maurice TI The diabetes detection initiative: A pilot program of selective screening SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF HEALTH BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article DE type 2 diabetes; screening; risk assessment; social marketing AB Objectives: To identify adults who might have undiagnosed type 2 diabetes. Methods: Using social marketing methods, we identified the characteristics and preferences of the pilot communities. Risk assessment tests were developed to reflect these preferences. Clinics with registries provided quantitative evaluation data and all clinics shared qualitative data. Results: Baseline and intervention period data showed that the number of newly detected cases off diabetes increased by 11.5 per month for the 8 registry clinics. Conclusions: Findings have advanced our understanding off screening by identifying ways off improving the identification of undiagnosed diabetes. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, McKing Consulting Corp, Div Partnerships & Strateg Alliances, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. WHO, Hlth Technol & Pharmaceut Cluster, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland. Univ Maine, Dept Community Hlth & Recreat, Farmington, ME USA. RP Lanza, A (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, McKing Consulting Corp, Div Partnerships & Strateg Alliances, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E-73, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM alanza@cdc.gov NR 15 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU PNG PUBLICATIONS PI STAR CITY PA PO BOX 4593, STAR CITY, WV 26504-4593 USA SN 1087-3244 J9 AM J HEALTH BEHAV JI Am. J. Health Behav. PD NOV-DEC PY 2007 VL 31 IS 6 BP 632 EP 642 PG 11 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 233LG UT WOS:000251091800008 PM 17691876 ER PT J AU Smith, D Gwiazda, R Bowler, R Roels, H Park, R Taicher, C Lucchini, R AF Smith, Donald Gwiazda, Roberto Bowler, Rosemarie Roels, Harry Park, Robert Taicher, Christopher Lucchini, Roberto TI Biomarkers of Mn exposure in humans SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF INDUSTRIAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE manganese; blood; plasma; blood cells; biomarkers ID CHILDRENS INTELLECTUAL FUNCTION; LONG-TERM EXPOSURE; MANGANESE CONCENTRATIONS; FERROALLOY WORKERS; INHALED MANGANESE; BLOOD MANGANESE; RISK-ASSESSMENT; NERVOUS-SYSTEM; BRIDGE WELDERS; BONE LEAD AB Background Studies have reported associations between manganese (Mn) exposures and Mn levels in blood and urine, though the suitability of these biological measures as biomarkers of exposure is not well known. Methods We evaluated whether whole blood, plasma, and urine Mn levels reflect exposures in occupationally exposed humans. Results In active ferroalloy workers, blood Mn was associated with total air Mn levels in subjects currently exposed to low (median = 0.42 mu g/m(3), P = 0.009) and moderate (median = 4.2 mu g/m(3), P = 0.007) air Mn levels, but not in workers exposed to the highest Mn levels (median = 292 mu g/m(3), P = 0.31). In bridge welders blood Mn (P < 0.01), but not plasma or urine Mn was significantly associated with their cumulative respiratory exposure index. In welders, similar to 6% (range similar to 3-9%) of whole blood Mn was contained in the plasma fraction, though there was no association between whole blood and plasma Mn levels (Pearson's R = 0.258, P = 0.12). In contrast, in fresh whole blood samples spiked with Mn ex vivo similar to 80% or more of added Mn partitioned in the plasma, while only similar to 20% or less partitioned in the cellular fraction. Conclusions These data suggest a complex and limited relationship between exposure and blood Mn levels that may depend upon exposure attributes and the latency of blood sampling relative to exposure; plasma and urine Mn appear to be of little utility as exposure biomarkers. This underscores the need to fully characterize and validate these or other biomarkers for use in constructing appropriate exposure metrics and determining exposure-effect relationships. C1 Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. San Francisco State Univ, San Francisco, CA 94132 USA. Catholic Univ Louvain, Sch Publ Hlth, Ind Toxicol & Occupat Med Unit, Brussels, Belgium. NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Cincinnati, OH USA. Univ Brescia, Inst Occupat Hlth, Brescia, Italy. RP Smith, D (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Cruz, Phys Sci Bldg,1156 High St, Santa Cruz, CA 95064 USA. EM smith@etox.ucsc.edu OI Lucchini, Roberto/0000-0002-9723-0237 FU NIEHS NIH HHS [ES 010788] NR 61 TC 55 Z9 59 U1 0 U2 6 PU WILEY-LISS PI HOBOKEN PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0271-3586 J9 AM J IND MED JI Am. J. Ind. Med. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 50 IS 11 BP 801 EP 811 DI 10.1002/ajim.20506 PG 11 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 224NO UT WOS:000250453900003 PM 17924418 ER PT J AU Rhodes, SD Foley, KL Zometa, CS Bloom, FR AF Rhodes, Scott D. Foley, Kristie Long Zometa, Carlos S. Bloom, Fred R. TI Lay health advisor interventions among Hispanics/Latinos - A qualitative systematic review SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Review ID MEXICAN-AMERICAN WOMEN; PARTICIPATORY RESEARCH; HISPANIC WOMEN; BREAST-CANCER; AFRICAN-AMERICAN; LATINO COMMUNITY; PROGRAM; EDUCATION; HIV; OUTREACH AB Background: With an expanding Hispanic/Latino community in the United States, practitioners and researchers working to promote health and prevent disease have relied on lay health advisor (LHA) models to address a variety of health issues. The primary goal of this systematic review was to explore how LHA approaches have been used and evaluated within Hispanic/Latino communities in the U.S. Methods: Ten literature databases were searched from their inception through July 2006, using keywords associated with LRA approaches. This review consisted of human studies that included adult Hispanics or Latinos of either gender, were conducted in the U.S., were published in English-language peer-reviewed journals, and contained enough abstractable information. Data abstraction was completed independently by three data abstractors using a standardized abstraction form that collected intervention characteristics and study results. Results: A total of 172 studies were identified and 37 met the inclusion criteria. Of these, 28 included female LHAs exclusively and five included a small number of male as well as female LHAs. Training for LHAs ranged from 6 to 160 hours. Primary roles of LHAs included: supporting participant recruitment and data collection, serving as health advisors and referral sources, distributing materials, being role models, and advocating on behalf of community members. Fourteen studies found evidence of effectiveness. Conclusions: Given the long history of using LHAs as an approach to health promotion and disease prevention and the current emphasis of LHA approaches as a potential solution to health disparities in general, and among Hispanics/Latinos in particular, few rigorous studies have been published that document the effectiveness of LHAS on a variety of public health concerns. A stronger empirical evidence base is clearly needed. C1 Wake Forest Univ Hlth Sci, Winston Salem, NC 27157 USA. Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sexually Transmitted Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Rhodes, SD (reprint author), Wake Forest Univ Hlth Sci, Med Ctr Blvd, Winston Salem, NC 27157 USA. EM srhodes@wfubmc.edu NR 79 TC 151 Z9 152 U1 2 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 33 IS 5 BP 418 EP 427 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2007.07.023 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 224PH UT WOS:000250458400009 PM 17950408 ER PT J AU Volk, RJ Hawley, ST Kneuper, S Holden, W Stroud, LA Cooper, CP Berkowitz, JM Scholl, LE Saraykar, SS Pavlik, VN AF Volk, Robert J. Hawley, Sarah T. Kneuper, Suzanne Holden, Wayne Stroud, Leonardo A. Cooper, Crystale Purvis Berkowitz, Judy M. Scholl, Lawrence E. Saraykar, Smita S. Pavlik, Valory N. TI Trials of decision aids for prostate cancer screening - A systematic review SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Review ID RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; AFRICAN-AMERICAN MEN; ANTIGEN TEST; HEALTH-CARE; INFORMED DECISIONS; PATIENT KNOWLEDGE; INTERVENTIONS; INFORMATION; SATISFACTION; GUIDELINES AB Background: Patient decision aids are used to promote informed decision making. This review examines the methods and findings of studies that have evaluated the impact of prostate cancer screening decision aids on patient outcomes. Methods: MEDLINE, the Cochrane Registry, reference lists, and abstracts from professional meetings were searched through December 2006. Search terms included prostate cancer screening and decision making. Studies were included if a patient education intervention for prostate cancer screening had been evaluated against a control condition. Results: Eighteen eligible trials, involving 6221 participants, were identified. Sixteen studies enrolled primary care patients, while the remaining two studies were community-based. All the prostate cancer screening decision aids were in English, with varied reading levels. Consistent with previous reviews, the patient decision aids improved patient knowledge and made patients more confident about their decisions. The aids appeared to decrease interest in prostate-specific antigen testing and screening behavior among patients seeking routine care (relative risk [RR] =0.88, 95% confidence interval [CI] =0.81-0.97, p=0.008); the aids had no impact on the screening behavior of patients seeking screening services. Additionally, patients who received patient decision aids were more likely to prefer watchful waiting as a treatment option if they were found to have prostate cancer than were controls (RR=1.53, 95% CI=1.31-1.77, p<0.001). Conclusions: Prostate cancer screening decision aids enhance patient knowledge, decrease decisional conflict, and promote greater involvement in decision making. The absence of outcome measures that reflect all elements of informed decision making continues to limit the field. C1 Baylor Coll Med, Dept Family & Community Med, Houston, TX 77098 USA. Baylor Coll Med, Houston Ctr Educ & Res Therapeut, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Div Gen Med, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. Macro Int Inc, Atlanta, GA USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Epidemiol & Appl Res Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. Soltera Ctr Hlth Commun Res, Tucson, AZ USA. RP Volk, RJ (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, Dept Family & Community Med, 3701 Kirby Dr,Suite 600, Houston, TX 77098 USA. EM bvolk@bcm.edu OI Volk, Robert/0000-0001-8811-5854 FU NCI NIH HHS [R25 CA 577]; NHLBI NIH HHS [R01 HL 10612]; PHS HHS [U58/CCU 620376] NR 50 TC 87 Z9 89 U1 1 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0749-3797 J9 AM J PREV MED JI Am. J. Prev. Med. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 33 IS 5 BP 428 EP 434 DI 10.1016/j.amepre.2007.07.030 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 224PH UT WOS:000250458400010 PM 17950409 ER PT J AU Talley, RC Crews, JE AF Talley, Ronda C. Crews, John E. TI Talley and crews respond SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH LA English DT Letter C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Talley, RC (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Disabil, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E-88, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM rtalley@cdc.gov NR 7 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PUBLIC HEALTH ASSOC INC PI WASHINGTON PA 800 I STREET, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20001-3710 USA SN 0090-0036 J9 AM J PUBLIC HEALTH JI Am. J. Public Health PD NOV PY 2007 VL 97 IS 11 BP 1931 EP 1932 DI 10.2105/AJPH.2007.118406 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 225AJ UT WOS:000250489200007 ER PT J AU Roehrig, JT Bryant, JE Calvert, AE Mesesan, K Crabtree, MB Volpe, KE Silengo, S Kinney, RM Huang, CY Miller, BR AF Roehrig, John T. Bryant, Juliet E. Calvert, Amanda E. Mesesan, Kyeen Crabtree, Mary B. Volpe, Katharine E. Silengo, Shawn Kinney, Richard M. Huang, Claire Y. Miller, Barry R. TI Glycosylation of the dengue 2 virus E protein at N67 is critical for virus growth in vitro but not for growth in intrathoracically-inoculated Aedes aegypti mosquitoes SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 56th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene CY NOV 04-08, 2007 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg C1 [Roehrig, John T.; Calvert, Amanda E.; Mesesan, Kyeen; Crabtree, Mary B.; Volpe, Katharine E.; Silengo, Shawn; Kinney, Richard M.; Huang, Claire Y.; Miller, Barry R.] US Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, Arboviral Dis Branch, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Bryant, Juliet E.] Inst Pasteur, Viangchan, Laos. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 77 IS 5 SU S BP 1 EP 1 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 228UN UT WOS:000250758200001 ER PT J AU Bowen, A Arvelo, W Kim, A Creek, T Masunge, J Davis, M AF Bowen, Anna Arvelo, Wences Kim, Andrea Creek, Tracy Masunge, Japhter Davis, Margarett TI Fluid management among children presenting to an emergency department during a diarrhea outbreak in Botswana SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 56th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene CY NOV 04-08, 2007 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg C1 [Bowen, Anna; Arvelo, Wences; Kim, Andrea; Creek, Tracy; Davis, Margarett] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Masunge, Japhter] Nyangabgwe Hosp, Fancistown, Botswana. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 77 IS 5 SU S MA 17 BP 5 EP 5 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 228UN UT WOS:000250758200018 ER PT J AU Lu, L Creek, T Mach, O Zaks, L Masunge, J Davis, M AF Lu, Lydia Creek, Tracy Mach, Ondrej Zaks, Laurel Masunge, Japhter Davis, Margarett TI Factors associated with kwashiorkor in Botswana during an outbreak of diarrhea and malnutrition among young children SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 56th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene CY NOV 04-08, 2007 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg C1 [Lu, Lydia; Creek, Tracy; Mach, Ondrej; Zaks, Laurel] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Masunge, Japhter] Botswana Minist Hlth, Gaborone, Botswana. [Davis, Margarett] CDC BOTUSA, Gaborone, Botswana. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 77 IS 5 SU S MA 16 BP 5 EP 5 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 228UN UT WOS:000250758200017 ER PT J AU Lyimo, T Walter, N Skarbinski, J Metta, E McElroy, P Flannery, B Kahigwa, E Kachur, P AF Lyimo, Thomas Walter, Nicholas Skarbinski, Jacek Metta, Emmy McElroy, Peter Flannery, Brenden Kahigwa, Elizeus Kachur, Patrick TI Improving management of severe febrile illness in children: Initial assessment and design of an intervention in rural Tanzania SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 56th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene CY NOV 04-08, 2007 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg C1 [Lyimo, Thomas; Metta, Emmy; Kahigwa, Elizeus] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ifakara Hlth Res & Dev Ctr Malaria Programme Tanz, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania. [Walter, Nicholas; Skarbinski, Jacek; Flannery, Brenden; Kachur, Patrick] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [McElroy, Peter] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 77 IS 5 SU S MA 21 BP 6 EP 7 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 228UN UT WOS:000250758200022 ER PT J AU Lescano, AG Gonzalez, AE Gilman, RH Tsang, VCW Arriola, CS Ramos, DD Diaz, A Aybar, V Rodriguez, S Moulton, LH Leontsini, E Gonzalvez, G Garcia, HH AF Lescano, Andres G. Gonzalez, Armando E. Gilman, Robert H. Tsang, Victor C. W. Arriola, C. Sofia Ramos, Daphne D. Diaz, Andre Aybar, Viterbo Rodriguez, Silvia Moulton, Lawrence H. Leontsini, Elli Gonzalvez, Guillermo Garcia, Hector H. CA Cysticercosis Work Grp Peru TI Clusters of confirmed swine cysticercosis infection surrounding Taenia solium tapeworm carriers SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 56th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene CY NOV 04-08, 2007 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg C1 [Lescano, Andres G.] US Naval Med Res Ctr Detachment, Lima, Peru. [Gonzalez, Armando E.; Ramos, Daphne D.; Diaz, Andre; Aybar, Viterbo] Univ Nacl Mayor San Marcos, Fac Med Vet, Lima, Peru. [Gilman, Robert H.; Arriola, C. Sofia; Moulton, Lawrence H.; Leontsini, Elli] Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Tsang, Victor C. W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Rodriguez, Silvia] Inst Ciencias Neurol, Unit Cisticercosis, Lima, Peru. [Garcia, Hector H.; Cysticercosis Work Grp Peru] Univ Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Fac Ciencias, Dept Microbiol, Lima, Peru. RI Lescano, Andres/B-8479-2008 OI Lescano, Andres/0000-0001-9779-633X NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 77 IS 5 SU S MA 30 BP 9 EP 10 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 228UN UT WOS:000250758200031 ER PT J AU Jimenez, J Rodriguez, S Moyano, LM Gonzalvez, G Taquri, C Piscoya, L Gilman, R Gonzales, A Tsang, V Garcia, H AF Jimenez, Juan Rodriguez, Silvia Moyano, Luz Maria Gonzalvez, Guillermo Taquri, Carmen Piscoya, Luis Gilman, Robert Gonzales, Armando Tsang, Victor Garcia, Hector CA Cysticercosis Work Grp Peru TI Efficacy of niclosamide given as mass or targeted treatment for Taenia solium taeniasis SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 56th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene CY NOV 04-08, 2007 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg C1 [Jimenez, Juan; Gonzales, Armando] Univ Nacl Mayor San Marcos, Sch Vet Med, Lima, Peru. [Rodriguez, Silvia; Taquri, Carmen; Garcia, Hector] Univ Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Dept Microbiol, Lima, Peru. [Moyano, Luz Maria; Gonzalvez, Guillermo; Piscoya, Luis; Garcia, Hector] Univ Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Cysticercosis Eliminat Proj, Lima, Peru. [Rodriguez, Silvia] Inst Ciencias Neurol, Cysticeroscis Unit, Lima, Peru. [Gilman, Robert; Gonzales, Armando; Garcia, Hector] Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Int Hlth, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Tsang, Victor] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Cysticercosis Work Grp Peru] Univ Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Lima, Peru. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 77 IS 5 SU S MA 31 BP 10 EP 10 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 228UN UT WOS:000250758200032 ER PT J AU Eisen, L Eisen, RJ AF Eisen, Lars Eisen, Rebecca J. TI Climate change and vector borne disease in the United States: Quo vadis SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 56th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene CY NOV 04-08, 2007 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg C1 [Eisen, Lars] Colorado State Univ, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Eisen, Rebecca J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, Ft Collins, CO USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 77 IS 5 SU S MA 58 BP 17 EP 18 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 228UN UT WOS:000250758200059 ER PT J AU Khatib, RA Ettling, BF Killeen, GF Abdulla, SM Kachur, SP AF Khatib, Rashid A. Ettling, Betty F. Killeen, Gerry F. Abdulla, Salim M. Kachur, Steven P. TI Effectiveness of existing net distribution strategies for achieving community-wide coverage and protection in Rural Tanzania SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 56th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene CY NOV 04-08, 2007 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg C1 [Khatib, Rashid A.; Ettling, Betty F.; Killeen, Gerry F.; Abdulla, Salim M.] Ifakara Hlth Res & Dev Ctr, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania. [Kachur, Steven P.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 77 IS 5 SU S MA 95 BP 28 EP 28 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 228UN UT WOS:000250758200096 ER PT J AU Jones, JL Kruzon-Moran, D Won, K Wilson, M Schantz, PM AF Jones, Jeffrey L. Kruzon-Moran, Deanna Won, Kim Wilson, Marianna Schantz, Peter M. TI Toxoplasma gondii and Toxocara spp. Co-Infection - (note: remove Ital) SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 56th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene CY NOV 04-08, 2007 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg C1 [Jones, Jeffrey L.; Won, Kim; Wilson, Marianna; Schantz, Peter M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Kruzon-Moran, Deanna] Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Hyattsville, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 77 IS 5 SU S MA 101 BP 30 EP 30 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 228UN UT WOS:000250758200102 ER PT J AU Ayala-Lopez, A Perez-Guerra, C AF Ayala-Lopez, Aurimar Perez-Guerra, Carmen TI Community participation project for dengue prevention and control in Puerto Rico: Entomologic survey results in 2005-2006 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 56th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene CY NOV 04-08, 2007 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg C1 [Ayala-Lopez, Aurimar; Perez-Guerra, Carmen] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, San Juan, PR USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 77 IS 5 SU S MA 109 BP 32 EP 32 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 228UN UT WOS:000250758200110 ER PT J AU Johansson, M Glass, G AF Johansson, Michael Glass, Greg TI Long-term climate and endemic dengue transmission SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 56th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene CY NOV 04-08, 2007 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg C1 [Johansson, Michael] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, San Juan, PR USA. [Glass, Greg] Johns Hopkins Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 77 IS 5 SU S MA 108 BP 32 EP 32 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 228UN UT WOS:000250758200109 ER PT J AU Quinones, L Ramos, MM Tomashek, KM Arguello, DF Rivera, A Munoz-Jordan, JL AF Quinones, Luz Ramos, Mary M. Tomashek, Kay M. Arguello, D. Fermin Rivera, Aidsa Munoz-Jordan, Jorge L. TI Predictive value of clinical findings for the early diagnosis of dengue infection SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 56th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene CY NOV 04-08, 2007 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg C1 [Quinones, Luz; Ramos, Mary M.; Tomashek, Kay M.; Arguello, D. Fermin; Rivera, Aidsa; Munoz-Jordan, Jorge L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, San Juan, PR USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 77 IS 5 SU S MA 112 BP 33 EP 33 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 228UN UT WOS:000250758200113 ER PT J AU Kinney, RM Huang, CYH Wiggan, O Silengo, SJ Kalanidhi, AP Osorio, JE Stinchcomb, DT AF Kinney, Richard M. Huang, Claire Y. -H. Wiggan, O'Neil Silengo, Shawn J. Kalanidhi, A. P. Osorio, Jorge E. Stinchcomb, Dan T. TI Development of a DEN-2 PDK-53-based chimeric tetravalent vaccine SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 56th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene CY NOV 04-08, 2007 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg C1 [Kinney, Richard M.; Wiggan, O'Neil; Stinchcomb, Dan T.] InViragen Inc, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Huang, Claire Y. -H.; Silengo, Shawn J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Kalanidhi, A. P.] Shantha Biotech, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India. [Osorio, Jorge E.] Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 77 IS 5 SU S MA 114 BP 34 EP 34 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 228UN UT WOS:000250758200115 ER PT J AU Chiou, SS Crill, WD Chen, LK Chang, GJJ AF Chiou, Shyan-Song Crill, Wayne D. Chen, Li-Kuang Chang, Gwong-Jen J. TI Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using cross-reactivity reduced virus-like particles to detect antibodies against Japanese encephalitis virus SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 56th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene CY NOV 04-08, 2007 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg C1 [Chiou, Shyan-Song] Natl Chung Hsing Univ, Grad Inst Vet Publ Hlth, Taichung, Taiwan. [Crill, Wayne D.; Chang, Gwong-Jen J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, Arboviral Dis Branch, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Chen, Li-Kuang] Tzu Ch Univ, Coll Med, Hualien, Taiwan. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 77 IS 5 SU S MA 127 BP 38 EP 38 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 228UN UT WOS:000250758200128 ER PT J AU Robinson, JS Velez, JO Johnson, BW AF Robinson, Jairnie S. Velez, Jason O. Johnson, Barbara W. TI Evaluation of virus isolation techniques for Japanese encephalitis SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 56th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene CY NOV 04-08, 2007 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg C1 [Robinson, Jairnie S.; Velez, Jason O.; Johnson, Barbara W.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ft Collins, CO USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 77 IS 5 SU S MA 128 BP 38 EP 38 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 228UN UT WOS:000250758200129 ER PT J AU Won, K Kruszon-Moran, D Schantz, P Jones, J AF Won, Kimberly Kruszon-Moran, Deanna Schantz, Peter Jones, Jeffrey TI National seroprevalence and risk factors for zoonotic Toxocara spp. infection SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 56th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene CY NOV 04-08, 2007 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg C1 [Won, Kimberly; Schantz, Peter; Jones, Jeffrey] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Kruszon-Moran, Deanna] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Hyattsville, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 77 IS 5 SU S MA 134 BP 39 EP 40 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 228UN UT WOS:000250758200135 ER PT J AU Bell, CE Foster, SO Slutsker, L Beach, R Jimenez, G Sarmiento, M AF Bell, Christine E. Foster, Stanley O. Slutsker, Laurence Beach, Raymond Jimenez, German Sarmiento, Maria TI Malaria control in the municipality of San Esteban, Honduras, Central America SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 56th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene CY NOV 04-08, 2007 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg C1 [Bell, Christine E.; Foster, Stanley O.] Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Slutsker, Laurence; Beach, Raymond] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Jimenez, German] Honduras Outreach Inc, San Esteban, Honduras. [Sarmiento, Maria] Mun Hlth Promoter, San Esteban, Honduras. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 77 IS 5 SU S MA 175 BP 51 EP 51 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 228UN UT WOS:000250758200175 ER PT J AU Lucchi, NW Tongren, JE Jain, V Nagpal, AC Kauth, CW Woehlbier, U Bujard, H Dash, AP Stiles, JK Singh, N Udhayakumar, V AF Lucchi, Naomi W. Tongren, Jon Eric Jain, Vidhan Nagpal, Avinash C. Kauth, Christian W. Woehlbier, Ute Bujard, Hermann Dash, Aditya P. Stiles, Jonathan K. Singh, Neeru Udhayakumar, Venkatachalum TI Antibody responses to the MSP-1 complex proteins in cerebral malaria patients in India SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 56th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene CY NOV 04-08, 2007 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg C1 [Lucchi, Naomi W.; Tongren, Jon Eric; Udhayakumar, Venkatachalum] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Jain, Vidhan; Singh, Neeru] Indian Council Med Res, Reg Med Res Ctr, Natl Inst Malaria Res, Jabalpur, India. [Nagpal, Avinash C.] Nethaji Subash Chandra Bose Med Coll, Jabalpur, India. [Kauth, Christian W.; Woehlbier, Ute; Bujard, Hermann] Univ Heidelberg, Ctr Mol Biol, D-6900 Heidelberg, Germany. [Dash, Aditya P.] Indian Council Med Res, Natl Inst Malaria Res, New Delhi, India. [Stiles, Jonathan K.] Morehouse Sch Med, Atlanta, GA 30310 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 77 IS 5 SU S MA 194 BP 56 EP 56 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 228UN UT WOS:000250758200194 ER PT J AU Thwing, JI Eng, JV Lama, M AF Thwing, Julie I. Eng, Jodi Vanden Lama, Marcel TI Ownership and usage of ITNS in niger after distribution during a nationwide integrated campaign SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 56th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene CY NOV 04-08, 2007 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg C1 [Thwing, Julie I.; Eng, Jodi Vanden] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Lama, Marcel] WHO, Harare, Zimbabwe. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 77 IS 5 SU S MA 223 BP 65 EP 65 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 228UN UT WOS:000250758200223 ER PT J AU Fornadel, CM Kent, RJ Norris, DE AF Fornadel, Christen M. Kent, Rebekah J. Norris, Douglas E. TI Efficacy of CDC light trap sampling to monitor the host-seeking behavior of Anopheles arabiensis in southern Zambia SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 56th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene CY NOV 04-08, 2007 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg C1 [Fornadel, Christen M.; Norris, Douglas E.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. [Kent, Rebekah J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ft Collins, CO USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 77 IS 5 SU S MA 250 BP 72 EP 72 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 228UN UT WOS:000250758200250 ER PT J AU Castro, N Cooper, M Lancaster, K Miller, K Carna, V Gilman, R Sterling, C AF Castro, Nina Cooper, Margarethe Lancaster, Kathryn Miller, Kathryn Carna, Vitaliano Gilman, Robert Sterling, Charles TI Giardia dog genotypes in urban settings of Peru and the United States: Zoonotic transmission potential? SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 56th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene CY NOV 04-08, 2007 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg C1 [Castro, Nina; Cooper, Margarethe; Lancaster, Kathryn; Miller, Kathryn; Sterling, Charles] Univ Arizona, Tucson, AZ USA. [Carna, Vitaliano] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Gilman, Robert] Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 77 IS 5 SU S MA 266 BP 76 EP 76 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 228UN UT WOS:000250758200265 ER PT J AU Sulaiman, IM Scarborough, R Levert, K Osborne, J Sulaiman, N Govil, D Tang, K Sammons, S Holloway, B Esposito, J Wohlhueter, R AF Sulaiman, Irshad M. Scarborough, Robin Levert, Keith Osborne, John Sulaiman, Nikhat Govil, Dhwani Tang, Kevin Sammons, Scott Holloway, Brian Esposito, Joseph Wohlhueter, Robert TI Monitoring microarray-based gene expression profile changes in Vaccinia virus SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 56th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene CY NOV 04-08, 2007 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg C1 [Sulaiman, Irshad M.; Levert, Keith; Sulaiman, Nikhat; Govil, Dhwani] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta Res & Educ Fdn, Atlanta, GA USA. [Scarborough, Robin; Osborne, John; Tang, Kevin; Sammons, Scott; Holloway, Brian; Esposito, Joseph; Wohlhueter, Robert] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, CCID NCPDCID DSR BCFB, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 77 IS 5 SU S MA 274 BP 78 EP 78 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 228UN UT WOS:000250758200273 ER PT J AU Homira, N Rahman, M Hossain, MJ Chowdhury, IA Sultana, R Khan, R Ahmed, BN Banu, S Nahar, K Poddar, G Gurley, E Comer, JA Rollin, PE Rota, P Ksiazek, TG Luby, S AF Homira, Nusrat Rahman, Mahmuclur Hossain, M. J. Chowdhury, Imtiaz A. Sultana, Rebeca Khan, Rasheda Ahmed, Be-Nazir Banu, Shakila Nahar, Kamrun Poddar, Goutam Gurley, Emily Comer, James A. Rollin, Pierre E. Rota, Paul Ksiazek, Thomas G. Luby, Stephen TI Nipah outbreak with person-to-person transmission in Bangladesh, 2007 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 56th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene CY NOV 04-08, 2007 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg C1 [Homira, Nusrat; Hossain, M. J.; Sultana, Rebeca; Khan, Rasheda; Banu, Shakila; Poddar, Goutam; Gurley, Emily; Luby, Stephen] ICDDRB, Dhaka, Bangladesh. [Rahman, Mahmuclur; Chowdhury, Imtiaz A.; Ahmed, Be-Nazir; Nahar, Kamrun] Inst Epidemiol Dis Control & Res, Dhaka, Bangladesh. [Comer, James A.; Rollin, Pierre E.; Rota, Paul; Ksiazek, Thomas G.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RI Gurley, Emily/B-7903-2010 OI Gurley, Emily/0000-0002-8648-9403 NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 77 IS 5 SU S MA 281 BP 80 EP 80 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 228UN UT WOS:000250758200280 ER PT J AU Gatlin, MR Black, CL Mwinzi, PN Secor, WE Karanja, DM Colley, DG AF Gatlin, Michael R. Black, Carla L. Mwinzi, Pauline N. Secor, W. Evan Karanja, Diana M. Colley, Daniel G. TI Cytokine gene and promoter polymorphisms in human schistosomiasis mansoni SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 56th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene CY NOV 04-08, 2007 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg C1 [Gatlin, Michael R.; Black, Carla L.; Colley, Daniel G.] Univ Georgia, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Mwinzi, Pauline N.; Karanja, Diana M.] Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Kisumu, Kenya. [Secor, W. Evan] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 77 IS 5 SU S MA 307 BP 87 EP 87 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 228UN UT WOS:000250758200306 ER PT J AU Black, CL Mwinzi, PN Muok, EM Abudho, B Secor, WE Karanja, DM Colley, DG AF Black, Carla L. Mwinzi, Pauline N. Muok, Erick M. Abudho, Bernard Secor, W. Evan Karanja, Diana M. Colley, Daniel G. TI Association between pretreatment cytokine production and intensity of infection and resistance to reinfection in human schistosomiasis mansoni SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 56th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene CY NOV 04-08, 2007 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg C1 [Black, Carla L.; Colley, Daniel G.] Univ Georgia, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Mwinzi, Pauline N.; Muok, Erick M.; Abudho, Bernard; Karanja, Diana M.] Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Kisumu, Kenya. [Secor, W. Evan] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 77 IS 5 SU S MA 310 BP 88 EP 88 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 228UN UT WOS:000250758200309 ER PT J AU Fisher, C Baggett, H Jorakate, P Wongjindanon, W Eampokalap, B Thamthitiwat, S Olsen, S Rhodes, J Sangsuk, L Maloney, S Peruski, L AF Fisher, Cynthia Baggett, Henry Jorakate, Possawat Wongjindanon, Wanna Eampokalap, Boonchuay Thamthitiwat, Somsak Olsen, Sonja Rhodes, Julia Sangsuk, Leelaowadee Maloney, Susan Peruski, Leonard TI Antibiotic use before culture reduces bacterial yield among patients evaluated for community-acquired bacteremia in Thailand SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 56th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene CY NOV 04-08, 2007 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg C1 [Fisher, Cynthia] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Baltimore, MD USA. [Baggett, Henry; Jorakate, Possawat; Wongjindanon, Wanna; Thamthitiwat, Somsak; Rhodes, Julia; Maloney, Susan] Thailand Minist Publ Hlth US Ctr Dis & Control C, Int Emerging Infect Program, Nonthaburi, Thailand. [Eampokalap, Boonchuay] Minist Publ Hlth, Bamrasnaradura Infect Dis Inst, Nonthaburi, Thailand. [Olsen, Sonja] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Sangsuk, Leelaowadee] Minist Publ Hlth, Natl Inst Hlth, Nonthaburi, Thailand. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 77 IS 5 SU S MA 329 BP 94 EP 94 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 228UN UT WOS:000250758200328 ER PT J AU Kosoy, M Bai, Y Morway, C Sheff, K Peruski, L Baggett, H Maloney, S Sutthirattana, S Dowell, S Sitdhirasd, A Lerdthusnee, K Murphy, J AF Kosoy, Michael Bai, Ying Morway, Christina Sheff, Kelly Peruski, Leonard Baggett, Henry Maloney, Susan Sutthirattana, Saithip Dowell, Scott Sitdhirasd, Anussorn Lerdthusnee, Kriangkrai Murphy, Jittawadee TI Identification of animal sources of human bartonellosis in Thailand: Comparison of Bartonella sequences from human patients and rodent hosts SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 56th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene CY NOV 04-08, 2007 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg C1 [Kosoy, Michael; Bai, Ying; Morway, Christina; Sheff, Kelly] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Peruski, Leonard; Baggett, Henry; Maloney, Susan; Sutthirattana, Saithip] Int Emerging Infect Program, Nonthaburi, Thailand. [Dowell, Scott] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Sitdhirasd, Anussorn] Minist Publ Hlth, Bangkok, Thailand. [Lerdthusnee, Kriangkrai; Murphy, Jittawadee] Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 77 IS 5 SU S MA 330 BP 94 EP 94 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 228UN UT WOS:000250758200329 ER PT J AU Sutthirattana, S Kosoy, M Sitdhirasdr, A Morway, C Baggett, H Sheff, K Dowell, SF Fisk, T Bai, Y Leonard, FP AF Sutthirattana, Saithip Kosoy, Michael Sitdhirasdr, Anussorn Morway, Christina Baggett, Henry Sheff, Kelly Dowell, Scott F. Fisk, Tamara Bai, Ying Peruski, Leonard F., Jr. TI Clinical characteristics of confirmed Bartonella infections and prevalence of Bartonella antibodies among patients presenting to community hospitals in rural Thailand SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 56th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene CY NOV 04-08, 2007 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg C1 [Sutthirattana, Saithip; Baggett, Henry; Fisk, Tamara; Peruski, Leonard F., Jr.] Thailand MOPH US Ctr Dis Control & Prevent C, Nonthaburi, Thailand. [Kosoy, Michael; Morway, Christina; Sheff, Kelly; Bai, Ying] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Sitdhirasdr, Anussorn] Minist Publ Hlth, Off Permanent Secretary, Nonthaburi, Thailand. [Dowell, Scott F.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 77 IS 5 SU S MA 331 BP 94 EP 95 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 228UN UT WOS:000250758200330 ER PT J AU de Oliveira, AM Skarbinski, J Ouma, P Kariuki, S Barnwell, J Otieno, K Onyona, P Causer, L Laserson, K Akhwale, W Slutsker, L Hamel, M AF de Oliveira, Alexandre Macedo Skarbinski, Jacek Ouma, Peter Kariuki, Simon Barnwell, John Otieno, Kephas Onyona, Phillip Causer, Louise Laserson, Kayla Akhwale, Willis Slutsker, Laurence Hamel, Mary TI Malaria rapid diagnostic test use and performance by facility-based health workers in western Kenya SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 56th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene CY NOV 04-08, 2007 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg C1 [de Oliveira, Alexandre Macedo; Skarbinski, Jacek; Barnwell, John; Causer, Louise; Slutsker, Laurence] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Malaria Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Ouma, Peter; Laserson, Kayla; Hamel, Mary] Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Res Stn, Kisumu, Kenya. [Kariuki, Simon; Otieno, Kephas; Onyona, Phillip] Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Kisumu, Kenya. [Akhwale, Willis] Minist Hlth, Div Malaria Control, Nairobi, Kenya. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 77 IS 5 SU S MA 338 BP 97 EP 97 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 228UN UT WOS:000250758200337 ER PT J AU Skarbinski, J Ouma, P Causer, L Kariuki, S Barnwell, J Alaii, J de Oliveira, AM Zurovac, D Larson, BA Snow, RW Rowe, AK Laserson, K Akhwale, W Slutsker, L Hamel, M AF Skarbinski, Jacek Ouma, Peter Causer, Louise Kariuki, Simon Barnwell, John Alaii, Jane de Oliveira, Alexandre Macedo Zurovac, Dejan Larson, Bruce A. Snow, Robert W. Rowe, Alexander K. Laserson, Kayla Akhwale, Willis Slutsker, Laurence Hamel, Mary TI Introduction of malaria rapid diagnostic tests, new guidelines, and artemether-lumefantrine in Kenya: A cluster randomized trial SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 56th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene CY NOV 04-08, 2007 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg C1 [Skarbinski, Jacek; Causer, Louise; Barnwell, John; de Oliveira, Alexandre Macedo; Rowe, Alexander K.; Slutsker, Laurence] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Malaria Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Ouma, Peter; Laserson, Kayla; Hamel, Mary] Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Res Stn, Kisumu, Kenya. [Kariuki, Simon; Alaii, Jane] Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Kisumu, Kenya. [Zurovac, Dejan; Larson, Bruce A.; Snow, Robert W.] Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Wellcome Trust Res Programme, Ctr Geog Med, Malaria Publ Hlth & Epidemiol Grp, Nairobi, Kenya. [Akhwale, Willis] Minist Hlth, Div Malaria Control, Nairobi, Kenya. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 77 IS 5 SU S MA 339 BP 97 EP 97 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 228UN UT WOS:000250758200338 ER PT J AU McMorrow, M Masanja, I Kachur, SP Abdulla, SM AF McMorrow, Meredith Masanja, Irene Kachur, S. Patrick Abdulla, Salim M. TI Challenges in routine implementation and quality control of rapid diagnostic tests for malaria Rufiji District, Tanzania SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 56th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene CY NOV 04-08, 2007 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg C1 [McMorrow, Meredith; Kachur, S. Patrick] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Masanja, Irene; Abdulla, Salim M.] Ifakara Hlth Res & Dev Ctr, Ifakara, Tanzania. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 77 IS 5 SU S MA 342 BP 98 EP 98 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 228UN UT WOS:000250758200341 ER PT J AU Singh, PP Ahmed, R Singh, MP Terlouw, DJ ter Kuile, FO Desai, MR Udhayakumar, V Dash, AP Singh, N AF Singh, P. P. Ahmed, R. Singh, M. P. Terlouw, D. J. ter Kuile, F. O. Desai, M. R. Udhayakumar, V. Dash, A. P. Singh, N. TI Evaluation of the new malaria rapid diagnostic test First Response (R) Pf/Pv, when used as a screening tool for malaria during pregnancy in central India SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 56th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene CY NOV 04-08, 2007 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg C1 [Singh, P. P.; Singh, M. P.; Singh, N.] Natl Inst Malaria Res, Jabalpur, India. [Ahmed, R.; Terlouw, D. J.; ter Kuile, F. O.] Univ Liverpool, Liverpool Sch Trop Med, Liverpool L3 5QA, Merseyside, England. [Desai, M. R.; Udhayakumar, V.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Dash, A. P.] Natl Inst Malaria Res, Delhi, India. NR 0 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 77 IS 5 SU S MA 341 BP 98 EP 98 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 228UN UT WOS:000250758200340 ER PT J AU Simmons, M Ward, M Porter, K Hayes, C Sun, W Putnak, R AF Simmons, Monika Ward, Michelle Porter, Kevin Hayes, Curtis Sun, Wellington Putnak, Robert TI Improved immunogenicity and protection of tetravalent dengue vaccines using a prime-boost strategy in non-human primates SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 56th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene CY NOV 04-08, 2007 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg C1 [Simmons, Monika; Ward, Michelle; Porter, Kevin; Hayes, Curtis] Naval Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Sun, Wellington] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, San Juan, PR USA. [Putnak, Robert] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 77 IS 5 SU S MA 346 BP 99 EP 99 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 228UN UT WOS:000250758200345 ER PT J AU Mohammed, H Stramer, S Tomashek, K Munoz, J Linnen, J Petersen, L AF Mohammed, Hamish Stramer, Susan Tomashek, Kay Munoz, Jorge Linnen, Jeff Petersen, Lyle TI Prevalence of dengue virus nucleic acid in blood products donated in Puerto Rico SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 56th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene CY NOV 04-08, 2007 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg C1 [Mohammed, Hamish; Stramer, Susan; Tomashek, Kay; Munoz, Jorge; Linnen, Jeff] Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Sch Public Hlth, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Petersen, Lyle] NIH, Infect Dis Lab, Bethesda, MD USA. [Mohammed, Hamish; Tomashek, Kay; Munoz, Jorge] Dengue Branch, San Juan, PR USA. [Stramer, Susan] Amer Red Cross, Gaithersburg, MD USA. [Linnen, Jeff] Gen Probe Inc, San Diego, CA USA. [Petersen, Lyle] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, Ft Collins, CO USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 77 IS 5 SU S MA 348 BP 100 EP 100 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 228UN UT WOS:000250758200347 ER PT J AU Ouma, P Skarbinski, J Zurovac, D Akhwale, W Laserson, K Slutsker, L Hamel, M AF Ouma, Peter Skarbinski, Jacek Zurovac, Dejan Akhwale, Willis Laserson, Kayla Slutsker, Laurence Hamel, Mary TI Clinical diagnosis of uncomplicated malaria in older children and adults in Kenya: An evidence base for newly introduced guidelines SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 56th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene CY NOV 04-08, 2007 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg C1 [Ouma, Peter; Laserson, Kayla; Hamel, Mary] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent Res Stn, Kenya Med Res Inst, Kisumu, Kenya. [Skarbinski, Jacek; Slutsker, Laurence] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Malaria Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Zurovac, Dejan] Ctr Geog Med, Kenya Med Res Inst, Wellcome Trust Res Programme, Malaria Publ Hlth & Epidemiol Grp, Nairobi, Kenya. [Akhwale, Willis] Minist Hlth, Div Malaria Control, Nairobi, Kenya. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 77 IS 5 SU S MA 351 BP 101 EP 101 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 228UN UT WOS:000250758200350 ER PT J AU Sow, SO Okoko, B Preziosi, MP Marchetti, E Tapia, MD Haidara, FC Adegbola, R Borrow, R Carlone, G Akinsola, A Diakite, S Parulekar, V Plikaytis, B Findlow, H Elie, C Preaud, JM Kapre, S Jadav, S LaForce, M Kulkarni, P Viviani, S AF Sow, Samba O. Okoko, Brown Preziosi, Marie-Pierre Marchetti, Elisa Tapia, Milagritos D. Haidara, Faclima C. Adegbola, Richard Borrow, Ray Carlone, George Akinsola, Adebayo Diakite, Souleymane Parulekar, Varsha Plikaytis, Brian Findlow, Helen Elie, Cheryl Preaud, Jean-Marie Kapre, Subash Jadav, Suresh LaForce, Marc Kulkarni, Prasad Viviani, Simonetta TI A phase II vaccine trial of meningococcal a conjugate vaccine (PsATT) in African toddlers SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 56th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene CY NOV 04-08, 2007 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg C1 [Sow, Samba O.; Haidara, Faclima C.; Diakite, Souleymane] Ctr Vaccine Dev, Bamako, Mali. [Okoko, Brown; Adegbola, Richard; Akinsola, Adebayo] MRC, Basse, Gambia. [Preziosi, Marie-Pierre; LaForce, Marc; Viviani, Simonetta] Meningitis Vaccine Project, Initiative Vaccine Res, WHO, Geneva, Switzerland. [Marchetti, Elisa; Preaud, Jean-Marie; LaForce, Marc] Meningitis Vaccine Project, PATH, Ferney Voltaire, France. [Tapia, Milagritos D.] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Baltimore, MD USA. [Borrow, Ray; Findlow, Helen] Hlth Protect Agcy, Manchester, Lancs, England. [Carlone, George; Plikaytis, Brian; Elie, Cheryl] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Parulekar, Varsha] Gate Clin Res Int, Bombay, Maharashtra, India. [Jadav, Suresh; Kulkarni, Prasad] Serum Inst India Ltd, Pune, Maharashtra, India. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 77 IS 5 SU S MA 384 BP 111 EP 111 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 228UN UT WOS:000250758200383 ER PT J AU Ceballos, LA Kitron, U Piccinali, RV Marcet, PL Cardinal, MV Schachter-Broide, J Dujardin, JP Dotson, E Gurtler, RE AF Ceballos, Leonardo A. Kitron, Uriel Piccinali, Romina V. Marcet, Paula L. Cardinal, Marta V. Schachter-Broide, Judith Dujardin, Jean-Pierre Dotson, Ellen Guertler, Ricardo E. TI Hidden sylvatic foci of Triatoma infestans in the Argentine Chaco: A threat to the vector elimination campaign? SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 56th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene CY NOV 04-08, 2007 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg C1 [Ceballos, Leonardo A.; Piccinali, Romina V.; Marcet, Paula L.; Cardinal, Marta V.; Schachter-Broide, Judith; Guertler, Ricardo E.] Univ Buenos Aires, Fac Ciencias Exactas & Nat, Dept Ecol Genet & Evol, Lab Eco Epidemiol, RA-1053 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Kitron, Uriel] Univ Illinois, Coll Vet Med, Urbana, IL USA. [Dujardin, Jean-Pierre] Ctr Natl Rech Sci, Inst Rech Dev, Unit Mix Rech, Montpellier, France. [Dotson, Ellen] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis, Entomol Branch, Chamblee, GA USA. RI marcet, Paula/B-1758-2012 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 77 IS 5 SU S MA 394 BP 114 EP 114 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 228UN UT WOS:000250758200393 ER PT J AU Arvay, M Terp, S Armah, G Wontuo, P Curns, A Widdowson, MA Parashar, U Glass, RI Binka, F AF Arvay, Melissa Terp, Sophia Armah, George Wontuo, Peter Curns, Aaron Widdowson, Marc-Alain Parashar, Umesh Glass, Roger I. Binka, Fred TI Assessing the potential impact of vaccination on prevention of rotavirus deaths among children in rural Ghana SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 56th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene CY NOV 04-08, 2007 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg C1 [Arvay, Melissa; Curns, Aaron; Widdowson, Marc-Alain; Parashar, Umesh] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Terp, Sophia] Ctr Dis Control Fdn, Atlanta, GA USA. [Armah, George] Univ Ghana, Noguchi Mem Inst Med Res, Legon, Ghana. [Wontuo, Peter] Navrongo Hlth Res Ctr, Navrongo, Ghana. [Glass, Roger I.] NIH, Fogarty Int Ctr, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Binka, Fred] Univ Ghana, Sch Publ Hlth, Legon, Ghana. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 77 IS 5 SU S MA 439 BP 126 EP 126 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 228UN UT WOS:000250758200438 ER PT J AU Ayala-Lopez, A Perez-Guerra, C AF Ayala-Lopez, Aurimar Perez-Guerra, Carmen TI Community participation project for dengue prevention and control in Puerto Rico: Knowledge, attitudes, and practices in 2005-2006 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 56th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene CY NOV 04-08, 2007 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg C1 [Ayala-Lopez, Aurimar; Perez-Guerra, Carmen] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, San Juan, PR USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 77 IS 5 SU S MA 458 BP 131 EP 132 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 228UN UT WOS:000250758200456 ER PT J AU Eng, JV Kelly, R Kolhe, P Katkowsky, SR Howgate, J Kerce, J Mead, D Burkot, T AF Eng, Jodi Vanden Kelly, Rosmarie Kolhe, Priti Katkowsky, Steven R. Howgate, James Kerce, Jerry Mead, Daniel Burkot, Tom TI Relationships between combined sewer overflows and west nile virus: Spatial patterns of mosquito vectors, avian hosts and human cases in fulton county, GA SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 56th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene CY NOV 04-08, 2007 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg C1 [Eng, Jodi Vanden; Burkot, Tom] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Kelly, Rosmarie] Georgia Div Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. [Kolhe, Priti; Katkowsky, Steven R.; Howgate, James; Kerce, Jerry] Fulton Cty Dept Hlth & Wellness, Atlanta, GA USA. [Mead, Daniel] Univ Georgia, Coll Vet Med, Southeastern Cooperat Wildlife Dis Study, Athens, GA 30602 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 77 IS 5 SU S MA 464 BP 133 EP 133 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 228UN UT WOS:000250758200462 ER PT J AU Kent, RJ Komar, N AF Kent, Rebekah J. Komar, Nicholas TI Evaluation of mosquitoes as syringes for arbovirus viremia determinations in small vertebrates SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 56th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene CY NOV 04-08, 2007 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg C1 [Kent, Rebekah J.; Komar, Nicholas] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ft Collins, CO USA. RI Kading, Rebekah/E-5633-2017 OI Kading, Rebekah/0000-0002-4996-915X NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 77 IS 5 SU S MA 462 BP 133 EP 133 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 228UN UT WOS:000250758200460 ER PT J AU Bethel, J Ginsberg, M Waterman, S AF Bethel, Jeffrey Ginsberg, Michele Waterman, Stephen TI Knowledge, attitudes, and practices about West Nile Virus among Hispanics in San Diego county 2006 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 56th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene CY NOV 04-08, 2007 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg C1 [Bethel, Jeffrey; Waterman, Stephen] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, San Diego, CA USA. [Ginsberg, Michele] Cty San Diego Hlth & Human Serv Agcy, San Diego, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 77 IS 5 SU S MA 469 BP 135 EP 135 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 228UN UT WOS:000250758200467 ER PT J AU Wiggan, O Huang, CYH Silengo, SJ Kinney, RM Osorio, JE Stinchcomb, DT AF Wiggan, O'Neil Huang, Claire Y. -H. Silengo, Shawn J. Kinney, Richard M. Osorio, Jorge E. Stinchcomb, Dan T. TI Optimization of a chimeric DEN-2/west nile vaccine SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 56th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene CY NOV 04-08, 2007 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg C1 [Wiggan, O'Neil; Kinney, Richard M.; Stinchcomb, Dan T.] InViragen Inc, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Huang, Claire Y. -H.; Silengo, Shawn J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Osorio, Jorge E.] Univ Wisconsin, Madison, WI USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 77 IS 5 SU S MA 471 BP 135 EP 135 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 228UN UT WOS:000250758200469 ER PT J AU Mercado, X Rivera, YA Hunsperger, E Martinez, I AF Mercado, Xiomara Rivera, Yisel A. Hunsperger, Elizabeth Martinez, Idali TI WNV-induced morbidity and mortality in BALB/C mice SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 56th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene CY NOV 04-08, 2007 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg C1 [Mercado, Xiomara; Rivera, Yisel A.; Martinez, Idali] Univ Puerto Rico, San Juan, PR 00936 USA. [Hunsperger, Elizabeth] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, Dengue Branch, San Juan, PR USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 77 IS 5 SU S MA 472 BP 136 EP 136 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 228UN UT WOS:000250758200470 ER PT J AU Wesson, D Mcrae, S Swan, K Hinckley, AF Xiong, X Kissinger, P Sirois, P Hayes, EB Rasmussen, S Kuhn, S O'Leary, D Buekens, P Pridjian, G Henson, M AF Wesson, Dawn Mcrae, Scott Swan, Ken Hinckley, Alison F. Xiong, Xu Kissinger, Patricia Sirois, Patricia Hayes, Edward B. Rasmussen, Sonja Kuhn, Stephanie O'Leary, Dan Buekens, Pierre Pridjian, Gabriella Henson, Mike TI Update on the status of the national west nile virus infection and pregnancy outcomes study SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 56th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene CY NOV 04-08, 2007 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg C1 [Wesson, Dawn; Mcrae, Scott; Swan, Ken; Xiong, Xu; Kissinger, Patricia; Sirois, Patricia; Buekens, Pierre; Pridjian, Gabriella] Tulane Univ, New Orleans, LA 70118 USA. [Hinckley, Alison F.; Hayes, Edward B.; Kuhn, Stephanie; O'Leary, Dan] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Rasmussen, Sonja] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Henson, Mike] Purdue Univ Calumet, Hammond, IN USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 77 IS 5 SU S MA 473 BP 136 EP 136 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 228UN UT WOS:000250758200471 ER PT J AU Kaur, H Goodman, C Masanja, I Thompson, E Thompson, KA Kachur, SP AF Kaur, Harparkash Goodman, Catherine Masanja, Irene Thompson, Eloise Thompson, Katy-Anne Kachur, S. Patrick TI Quality of antimalarial drugs sold at retail outlets in Tanzania, 2005. Results of a nationally representative survey SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 56th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene CY NOV 04-08, 2007 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg C1 [Kaur, Harparkash; Thompson, Eloise; Thompson, Katy-Anne] London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, London WC1, England. [Goodman, Catherine] KEMRI, Wellcome Collaborat Programme, Nairobi, Kenya. [Masanja, Irene] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ifaka Hlth Res & Dev Ctr Malaria Programme, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania. [Kachur, S. Patrick] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 77 IS 5 SU S MA 499 BP 143 EP 143 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 228UN UT WOS:000250758200497 ER PT J AU Kachur, SP Elling, BF Metta, EO Khatib, RA Gerrets, RP Bloland, PB Abdulla, S AF Kachur, S. Patrick Elling, Berty F. Metta, Emmy O. Khatib, Rashid A. Gerrets, Rene P. Bloland, Peter B. Abdulla, Salim TI Consumer perceptions and care-seeking for febrile illness associated with the availability of artemisinin-containing antimalarial combination therapy in Rufiji district Tanzania, 2003 to 2006 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 56th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene CY NOV 04-08, 2007 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg C1 [Kachur, S. Patrick; Bloland, Peter B.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Elling, Berty F.; Metta, Emmy O.; Khatib, Rashid A.; Abdulla, Salim] Fakara Hlth Res & Dev Ctr Malaria Programme Tanza, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania. [Gerrets, Rene P.] NYU, New York, NY USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 77 IS 5 SU S MA 529 BP 152 EP 152 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 228UN UT WOS:000250758200526 ER PT J AU Khatib, RA Elling, BF Killeen, GF Abdulla, S Kachur, SP AF Khatib, Rashid A. Elling, Berty F. Killeen, Gerard F. Abdulla, Salim Kachur, S. Patrick TI Effectiveness of free and market-based distribution strategies for achieving community-wide coverage and protection with insecticide-treated nets in rural Tanzania SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 56th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene CY NOV 04-08, 2007 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg C1 [Khatib, Rashid A.; Elling, Berty F.; Abdulla, Salim] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ifara Hlth Res & Dev, Ctr Malaria Programme Tanzania, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania. [Abdulla, Salim] Univ Durham, Durham DH1 3HP, England. [Kachur, S. Patrick] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 77 IS 5 SU S MA 537 BP 154 EP 154 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 228UN UT WOS:000250758200533 ER PT J AU Wylie, BJ Singh, N Tuchman, J Sabin, L Yeboah-Antwi, K Singh, MP MacLeod, WB Brooks, M Desai, M Udhayakumar, V Dash, AP Hamer, DH AF Wylie, Blair J. Singh, Neeru Tuchman, Jordan Sabin, Lora Yeboah-Antwi, Kojo Singh, Mrigendra P. MacLeod, William B. Brooks, Mohammed Desai, Megnha Udhayakumar, Venkatachalam Dash, Aditya P. Hamer, Davidson H. TI Knowledge, availability and utilization of malaria prevention measures during pregnancy in Jharkhand, India SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 56th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene CY NOV 04-08, 2007 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg C1 [Wylie, Blair J.; Tuchman, Jordan; Sabin, Lora; Yeboah-Antwi, Kojo; MacLeod, William B.; Brooks, Mohammed; Hamer, Davidson H.] Boston Univ, Ctr Int Hlth & Dev, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Singh, Neeru; Singh, Mrigendra P.] Natl Inst Malaria Res Field Stn, Jabalpur, India. [Desai, Megnha; Udhayakumar, Venkatachalam] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Malaria Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Dash, Aditya P.] Natl Inst Malaria Res, Delhi, India. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 77 IS 5 SU S MA 535 BP 154 EP 154 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 228UN UT WOS:000250758200532 ER PT J AU Allchwalle, W Kiptui, R Manya, A Hightower, A Wolkon, A Eng, JV Hamel, M Noor, A Noor, A Sharif, SK Buluma, R Awes, AA Vulule, J Laserson, K Slutsker, L Slutsker, L AF Allchwalle, Willis Kiptui, Rebecca Manya, Ayub Hightower, Allen Wolkon, Adam Eng, Jodi Vanden Hamel, Mary Noor, Abdisalan Noor, Abdisalan Sharif, S. K. Buluma, Robert Awes, Abdulkadir A. Vulule, John Laserson, Kayla Slutsker, Laurence Slutsker, Laurence TI Bednet ownership in Kenya: The impact of 3.4 million free nets SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 56th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene CY NOV 04-08, 2007 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg C1 [Allchwalle, Willis; Kiptui, Rebecca; Manya, Ayub] Minist Hlth, Div Malaria Control, Nairobi, Kenya. [Hightower, Allen] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent Kenya, Nairobi, Kenya. [Wolkon, Adam; Slutsker, Laurence; Slutsker, Laurence] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Malaria Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Eng, Jodi Vanden] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Hamel, Mary; Laserson, Kayla] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent Kenya, Kisumu, Kenya. [Noor, Abdisalan; Noor, Abdisalan] Univ Oxford, Wellcome Trust Collaborat Programme, KEMRI, Nairobi, Kenya. [Sharif, S. K.] Minist Hlth, Nairobi, Kenya. [Buluma, Robert; Awes, Abdulkadir A.] Kenya Natl Bur Stat, Nairobi, Kenya. [Vulule, John] Ctr Global Hlth Res, Kisumo, Kenya. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 77 IS 5 MA 546 BP 157 EP 157 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 228UN UT WOS:000250758201008 ER PT J AU Bayoh, MN Hightower, A Ombok, M Mutuku, F Walker, ED Vulule, JM Gimnig, JE AF Bayoh, M. N. Hightower, Allen Ombok, Maurice Mutuku, Francis Walker, Edward D. Vulule, John M. Gimnig, John E. TI Logistics of large scale larval Anopheles gambiae control: Tracking insecticide application with digital technology SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 56th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene CY NOV 04-08, 2007 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg C1 [Bayoh, M. N.; Ombok, Maurice; Mutuku, Francis; Vulule, John M.] Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Kisumu, Kenya. [Hightower, Allen; Gimnig, John E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Walker, Edward D.] Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 77 IS 5 SU S MA 587 BP 168 EP 169 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 228UN UT WOS:000250758201049 ER PT J AU Mutuku, F Bayoh, MN Gimnig, JE Vulule, JM Mueke, JM Walker, ED AF Mutuku, Francis Bayoh, M. N. Gimnig, John E. Vulule, John M. Mueke, Jones M. Walker, Edward D. TI A predictive landscape model of Anopheles gambiae larval habitats in lowland western Kenya SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 56th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene CY NOV 04-08, 2007 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg C1 [Mutuku, Francis; Bayoh, M. N.; Vulule, John M.] Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Kisumu, Kenya. [Gimnig, John E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Mueke, Jones M.] Kenyatta Univ, Nairobi, Kenya. [Walker, Edward D.] Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 77 IS 5 SU S MA 595 BP 170 EP 170 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 228UN UT WOS:000250758201057 ER PT J AU Carroll, DS Hutson, CL Self, JS Olson, VA Reynolds, MG Abel, JA Regnery, RL Damon, IK AF Carroll, Darin S. Hutson, Christina L. Self, Joshua S. Olson, Victoria A. Reynolds, Mary G. Abel, Jason A. Regnery, Russell L. Damon, Inger K. TI Monkeypox: Ecological and laboratory investigations of host-virus dynamics SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 56th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene CY NOV 04-08, 2007 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg C1 [Carroll, Darin S.; Hutson, Christina L.; Self, Joshua S.; Olson, Victoria A.; Reynolds, Mary G.; Abel, Jason A.; Regnery, Russell L.; Damon, Inger K.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 77 IS 5 SU S MA 614 BP 175 EP 176 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 228UN UT WOS:000250758201076 ER PT J AU Levy, MZ Quispe-Machaca, V Ylla-Velasquez, J Waller, LA Richards, JM Rath, B Toledo, A Rodriguez, R Borrini, K Cornejo del Carpio, JG Cordova-Benzaquen, E Maguire, JH Gilman, RH Bern, C AF Levy, Michael Z. Quispe-Machaca, Victor Ylla-Velasquez, Jose Waller, Lance A. Richards, Jean M. Rath, Bruno Toledo, Ampara Rodriguez, Rocio Borrini, Katty Cornejo del Carpio, Juan G. Cordova-Benzaquen, Eleazar Maguire, James H. Gilman, Robert H. Bern, Caryn TI Impregnated netting slows infestation by Triatoma infestans SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 56th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene CY NOV 04-08, 2007 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg C1 [Levy, Michael Z.; Waller, Lance A.] Emory Univ, Philadelphia, PA USA. [Quispe-Machaca, Victor; Ylla-Velasquez, Jose; Richards, Jean M.; Rath, Bruno; Toledo, Ampara; Rodriguez, Rocio; Borrini, Katty; Cordova-Benzaquen, Eleazar] AB Prisma, Arequipa, Peru. [Cornejo del Carpio, Juan G.] Direccion Reg Minist Salad, Arequipa, Peru. [Maguire, James H.] Univ Maryland, Baltimore, MD USA. [Gilman, Robert H.] Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. [Bern, Caryn] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 77 IS 5 SU S MA 627 BP 179 EP 179 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 228UN UT WOS:000250758201088 ER PT J AU Njau, JD Kabanywanyi, AM MacArthur, JR Malila, A Ngajilo, A Abdulla, S Bloland, P Kachur, SP AF Njau, Joseph D. Kabanywanyi, Abdunoor M. MacArthur, John R. Malila, Aggrey Ngajilo, Aggrey Abdulla, Salim Bloland, Peter Kachur, S. Patrick TI Using a demographic surveillance system to enhance detection of adverse drug reactions to malaria treatment and associated costs in rural Tanzania SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 56th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene CY NOV 04-08, 2007 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg C1 [Njau, Joseph D.; Kabanywanyi, Abdunoor M.; Malila, Aggrey; Ngajilo, Aggrey; Abdulla, Salim] Dev Ctr Malaria Programme Tanzania, Ifakara Hlth Res, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania. [MacArthur, John R.] US Agcy Int Dev Reg Dev Mission Asia, Bangkok, Thailand. [Bloland, Peter; Kachur, S. Patrick] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 77 IS 5 SU S MA 633 BP 181 EP 181 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 228UN UT WOS:000250758201094 ER PT J AU Brault, AC Langevin, SA Maharaj, PD Andrade, CC Zhang, SL Kinney, RM Barrett, AD Bowen, RA Beasley, DW AF Brault, Aaron C. Langevin, Stanley A. Maharaj, Payal D. Andrade, Christy C. Zhang, Shuliu Kinney, Richard M. Barrett, Alan D. Bowen, Richard A. Beasley, David W. TI Structural mutations within the PRM and E genes of a West Nile virus from Mexico confer an attenuated replication phenotype in avians SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 56th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene CY NOV 04-08, 2007 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg C1 [Brault, Aaron C.; Langevin, Stanley A.; Maharaj, Payal D.; Andrade, Christy C.] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA USA. [Zhang, Shuliu; Barrett, Alan D.; Beasley, David W.] Univ Texas Med Branch, Galveston, TX USA. [Kinney, Richard M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Bowen, Richard A.] Colorado State Univ, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 77 IS 5 SU S MA 660 BP 189 EP 189 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 228UN UT WOS:000250758201121 ER PT J AU Nikolajczyk, B Mwinzi, P Karanja, D Secor, WE Colley, D Ganley-Leal, LM AF Nikolajczyk, Barbara Mwinzi, Pauline Karanja, Diana Secor, W. Evan Colley, Daniel Ganley-Leal, Lisa M. TI IL-4 mediates human B cell responsiveness to schistosomal antigens SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 56th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene CY NOV 04-08, 2007 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg C1 [Nikolajczyk, Barbara; Ganley-Leal, Lisa M.] Boston Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Mwinzi, Pauline] Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Kisian, Kenya. [Karanja, Diana] Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Kenya, Kenya. [Secor, W. Evan] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Colley, Daniel] Univ Georgia, Athens, GA 30602 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 77 IS 5 SU S MA 664 BP 190 EP 190 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 228UN UT WOS:000250758201125 ER PT J AU Kabanywanyi, AM MacArthur, JR Stolk, WA Baja, A Juma, V Maswi, C Bloland, PB Mshinda, H Habbema, JD Kachur, SP Abdulla, S AF Kabanywanyi, Abdunoor M. MacArthur, John R. Stolk, W. A. Baja, Abdullah Juma, Vera Maswi, Charles Bloland, Peter B. Mshinda, Hassan Habbema, J. D. Kachur, S. Patrick Abdulla, Salim TI Malaria in pregnancy in an area with increased bednet coverage: A ten-year history SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 56th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene CY NOV 04-08, 2007 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg C1 [Kabanywanyi, Abdunoor M.; Baja, Abdullah; Juma, Vera; Maswi, Charles; Abdulla, Salim] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ifakara Hlth Res Dev Ctr Malaria Programme, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania. [MacArthur, John R.; Bloland, Peter B.; Kachur, S. Patrick] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Stolk, W. A.; Habbema, J. D.] Univ Rotterdam, Med Ctr, Rotterdam, Netherlands. [Mshinda, Hassan] Ifakara Hlth Res & Dev Ctr, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 77 IS 5 SU S MA 676 BP 193 EP 194 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 228UN UT WOS:000250758201137 ER PT J AU Lokida, D Sedyaningsih, E Kosasih, H Irawati, D Putnam, S Klimov, A Blair, P Burgess, T AF Lokida, Dewi Sedyaningsih, Endang Kosasih, Herman Irawati, Dyah Putnam, Shannon Klimov, Alexander Blair, Patrick Burgess, Timothy TI Fatal influenza A/H5N1 infection in a 14-year-old male presenting with fever and diarrhea SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 56th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene CY NOV 04-08, 2007 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg C1 [Lokida, Dewi; Irawati, Dyah] Tangerang Hosp, Tangerang, Indonesia. [Kosasih, Herman; Putnam, Shannon; Blair, Patrick; Burgess, Timothy] Naval Med Res Unit 2, Jakarta, Indonesia. [Klimov, Alexander] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 77 IS 5 SU S MA 681 BP 195 EP 195 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 228UN UT WOS:000250758201142 ER PT J AU Filler, S AF Filler, Scott CA ART Costing Study Team TI The costs of HIV treatment in developing countries: Effects of program maturity, context and design on total and component costs SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 56th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene CY NOV 04-08, 2007 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg C1 [Filler, Scott] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 77 IS 5 SU S MA 704 BP 202 EP 202 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 228UN UT WOS:000250758201165 ER PT J AU Verani, JR Anthony, GA Sodahlon, YK Mathieu, E AF Verani, Jennifer R. Anthony, Gabriel A. Sodahlon, Yao K. Mathieu, Els TI Integration of neglected disease programs in Togo: Evaluation of a pilot project SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 56th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene CY NOV 04-08, 2007 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg C1 [Verani, Jennifer R.; Mathieu, Els] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Anthony, Gabriel A.] Minist Hlth, Lome, Togo. [Sodahlon, Yao K.] Mectizan Donat Program, Decatur, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 77 IS 5 SU S MA 720 BP 206 EP 207 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 228UN UT WOS:000250758201181 ER PT J AU Sumiwi, ME Auld, A van den Eng, J Widyastuti, E Laihad, FJ Rogayah, H Tobing, C Hawley, WA Hawley, WA AF Sumiwi, Maria E. Auld, Andrew van den Eng, Jodi Widyastuti, Endang Laihad, Ferdinand J. Rogayah, Hanifah Tobing, Charles Hawley, William A. Hawley, William A. TI Malaria infection and anemia among pregnant women and children under five years of age: A prevalence survey from five districts in eastern Indonesia SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 56th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene CY NOV 04-08, 2007 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg C1 [Sumiwi, Maria E.; Auld, Andrew; Hawley, William A.] UN Childrens Fund, Jakarta, Indonesia. [van den Eng, Jodi; Hawley, William A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Widyastuti, Endang] CARE, Jakarta, Indonesia. [Laihad, Ferdinand J.; Rogayah, Hanifah; Tobing, Charles] Minist Hlth, Sub Direct Malaria, Jakarta, Indonesia. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 77 IS 5 SU S MA 736 BP 211 EP 212 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 228UN UT WOS:000250758201197 ER PT J AU Bessoff, K Beltran, M Vergne, E Hunsperger, E AF Bessoff, Kovii Beltran, Manuela Vergne, Edgardo Hunsperger, Elizabeth TI Evaluation of a commercial NS-1 antigen capture ELISA for the diagnosis of acute dengue infection SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 56th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene CY NOV 04-08, 2007 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg C1 [Bessoff, Kovii; Beltran, Manuela; Vergne, Edgardo; Hunsperger, Elizabeth] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, Dengue Branch, San Juan, PR USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 77 IS 5 SU S MA 756 BP 217 EP 218 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 228UN UT WOS:000250758201217 ER PT J AU Santiago, GA Sosa, I Colon, C Munoz-Jordan, J AF Santiago, Gilberto A. Sosa, Iris Colon, Candimar Munoz-Jordan, Jorge TI Dengue virus serotype 2 (SE Asian strain) is strongly associated with clinically defined secondary infections in Puerto Rico SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 56th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene CY NOV 04-08, 2007 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg C1 [Santiago, Gilberto A.; Sosa, Iris; Colon, Candimar; Munoz-Jordan, Jorge] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, San Juan, PR USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 77 IS 5 SU S MA 754 BP 217 EP 217 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 228UN UT WOS:000250758201215 ER PT J AU Levy, MZ Kawai, V Bowman, NM Waller, LA Cabrera, L Pinedo-Cancino, VV Seitz, AE Steurer, FJ del Carpio, JGC Cordova-Benzaquen, E Maguire, JH Gilman, RH Bern, C AF Levy, Michael Z. Kawai, Vivian Bowman, Natalie M. Waller, Lance A. Cabrera, Lilia Pinedo-Cancino, Viviana V. Seitz, Amy E. Steurer, Frank J. del Carpio, Juan G. Cornejo Cordova-Benzaquen, Eleazar Maguire, James H. Gilman, Robert H. Bern, Caryn TI Identifying Trypanosoma cruzi infection in children during a vector control campaign SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 56th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene CY NOV 04-08, 2007 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg C1 [Levy, Michael Z.; Waller, Lance A.; Seitz, Amy E.] Emory Univ, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Kawai, Vivian; Bowman, Natalie M.; Cabrera, Lilia; Pinedo-Cancino, Viviana V.] AB Prisma, Lima, Peru. [Steurer, Frank J.; Bern, Caryn] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [del Carpio, Juan G. Cornejo] Direcc Regl Minist Salud, Arequipa, Peru. [Cordova-Benzaquen, Eleazar] AB Prisma, Arequipa, Peru. [Maguire, James H.] Univ Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [Gilman, Robert H.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 77 IS 5 SU S MA 786 BP 226 EP 226 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 228UN UT WOS:000250758201246 ER PT J AU Akinyi, S Korir, CC Singh, B Barnwell, JW Galinski, MR AF Akinyi, Sheila Korir, Cindy C. Singh, Balwan Barnwell, John W. Galinski, Mary R. TI Functional assessment of a 72KDA putative glucose regulated protein in Plasmodium knowlesi blood-stage parasites SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 56th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene CY NOV 04-08, 2007 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg C1 [Akinyi, Sheila; Korir, Cindy C.; Singh, Balwan; Galinski, Mary R.] Emory Univ, Emory Vaccine Ctr, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. [Barnwell, John W.] Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 77 IS 5 SU S MA 806 BP 231 EP 231 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 228UN UT WOS:000250758201265 ER PT J AU Koru, O Qvarnstrom, Y Slemenda, SB Xayavong, M Johnston, SP Da Silva, AJ AF Koru, Ozgur Qvarnstrom, Yvonne Slemenda, Susan B. Xayavong, Maniphet Johnston, Stephanie P. Da Silva, Alexandre J. TI Evaluation of real-time PCR protocols for laboratory diagnosis of malaria SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 56th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene CY NOV 04-08, 2007 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg C1 [Koru, Ozgur; Qvarnstrom, Yvonne; Slemenda, Susan B.; Xayavong, Maniphet; Johnston, Stephanie P.; Da Silva, Alexandre J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 77 IS 5 SU S MA 810 BP 232 EP 233 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 228UN UT WOS:000250758201269 ER PT J AU MacArthur, JR Kabanywanyi, AM Baja, A Juma, V Maswi, C Bloland, PB Kachur, SP Abdulla, S AF MacArthur, John R. Kabanywanyi, Abdunoor M. Baja, Abdullah Juma, Vera Maswi, Charles Bloland, Peter B. Kachur, S. Patrick Abdulla, Salim TI Efficacy of intermittent treatment with sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine alone or sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine plus artesunate for prevention of placental malaria in Tanzania SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 56th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene CY NOV 04-08, 2007 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg C1 [MacArthur, John R.; Bloland, Peter B.; Kachur, S. Patrick] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Kabanywanyi, Abdunoor M.; Baja, Abdullah; Juma, Vera; Maswi, Charles; Abdulla, Salim] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ifakara Hlth Res & Dev Ctr Malaria Programme, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 77 IS 5 SU S MA 830 BP 238 EP 238 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 228UN UT WOS:000250758201289 ER PT J AU Norris, LC Fornadel, CM Kent, RJ Norris, DE AF Norris, Laura C. Fornadel, Christen M. Kent, Rebekah J. Norris, Douglas E. TI Frequency of multiple human bloodmeals taken by female Anopheles arabiensis mosquitoes in Macha, Zambia SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 56th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene CY NOV 04-08, 2007 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg C1 [Norris, Laura C.; Fornadel, Christen M.; Norris, Douglas E.] Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. [Kent, Rebekah J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ft Collins, CO USA. RI Kading, Rebekah/E-5633-2017 OI Kading, Rebekah/0000-0002-4996-915X NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 77 IS 5 SU S MA 879 BP 251 EP 252 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 228UN UT WOS:000250758201338 ER PT J AU Chambers, EW Avery, MF Schmaedick, MA Lammiel, PJ Burkot, TR AF Chambers, Eric W. Avery, Melissa F. Schmaedick, Mark A. Lammiel, Patrick J. Burkot, Thomas R. TI Detecting Wuchereria bancrofti in Aedes polynesiensis mosquitoes from American Samoa: A comparison of PCR with Haemalum staining and dissection SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 56th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene CY NOV 04-08, 2007 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg C1 [Chambers, Eric W.; Avery, Melissa F.; Lammiel, Patrick J.; Burkot, Thomas R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. [Schmaedick, Mark A.] Amer Samoa Commun Coll, Div Commun & Nat Resources, Pago Pago, AS USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 77 IS 5 SU S MA 890 BP 254 EP 254 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 228UN UT WOS:000250758201349 ER PT J AU Baggett, HC Kosoy, M Sutthirattana, S Sitdhirasdr, A Morway, C Sheff, K Dowel, SF Maloney, S Fisk, TL Bai, Y Peruski, L AF Baggett, Henry C. Kosoy, Michael Sutthirattana, Saithip Sitdhirasdr, Anussorn Morway, Christina Sheff, Kelly Dowel, Scott F. Maloney, Susan Fisk, Tamara L. Bai, Ying Peruski, Leonard TI Acute infection caused by a novel Bartonella species: Description of the first three human cases of B-Tamiae - Thailand SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 56th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene CY NOV 04-08, 2007 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg C1 [Baggett, Henry C.; Sutthirattana, Saithip; Maloney, Susan; Peruski, Leonard] Thailand Minist Publ Hlth, Int Emerging Infect Program, Nonthaburi, Thailand. [Kosoy, Michael; Sheff, Kelly; Bai, Ying; Peruski, Leonard] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Sitdhirasdr, Anussorn] Thailand Minist Publ Hlth, Nonthaburi, Thailand. [Dowel, Scott F.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Fisk, Tamara L.] Emory Univ, Sch Med, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 77 IS 5 SU S MA 908 BP 259 EP 260 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 228UN UT WOS:000250758201367 ER PT J AU Colborn, JM Kosoy, MY AF Colborn, James M. Kosoy, Michael Y. TI Development of real-time PCR assays for detection and characterization of Bartonella species in human and rodent blood samples from Thailand SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 56th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene CY NOV 04-08, 2007 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg C1 [Colborn, James M.; Kosoy, Michael Y.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ft Collins, CO USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 77 IS 5 SU S MA 913 BP 261 EP 261 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 228UN UT WOS:000250758201372 ER PT J AU Gomez-Benavides, J Manrique, C Passara, F Huallpa, C Laguna, VA Zamalloa, H Recuenco, S Diaz, A Velasco-Villa, A Niezgoda, M Rupprecht, C Kochel, T Montgomery, JM AF Gomez-Benavides, Jorge Manrique, C. Passara, F. Huallpa, C. Laguna, V. A. Zamalloa, H. Recuenco, S. Diaz, A. Velasco-Villa, A. Niezgoda, M. Rupprecht, C. Kochel, Tacleusz Montgomery, J. M. TI Outbreak of human rabies in Madre de Dios and Puno, Peru due to contact with the common vampire bat, Desmodus rotundus SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 56th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene CY NOV 04-08, 2007 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg C1 [Gomez-Benavides, Jorge; Manrique, C.; Passara, F.; Huallpa, C.] Ministerio Salud, Direccion Gen Epidemiol, Iquitos, Peru. [Laguna, V. A.; Zamalloa, H.; Montgomery, J. M.] Naval Med Res Ctr Detachment, Lima, Peru. [Recuenco, S.; Diaz, A.; Velasco-Villa, A.; Niezgoda, M.; Rupprecht, C.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 4 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 77 IS 5 SU S BP 273 EP 273 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 228UN UT WOS:000250758201415 ER PT J AU Luby, S Rahman, M Hossain, MJ Ahmed, BN Gurley, E Banu, S Homira, N Rollin, PE Comer, JA Rota, P Montgomery, J Ksiazek, TG AF Luby, Stephen Rahman, Mahmuclur Hossain, M. J. Ahmed, Be-Nazir Gurley, Emily Banu, Shakila Homira, Nusrat Rollin, Pierre E. Comer, James A. Rota, Paul Montgomery, Joel Ksiazek, Thomas G. TI Recurrent Nipah virus outbreaks in Bangladesh, 2001-2007 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 56th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene CY NOV 04-08, 2007 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg C1 [Luby, Stephen; Hossain, M. J.; Gurley, Emily; Banu, Shakila; Homira, Nusrat] Int Ctr Diarrhoeal Dis Res, Dhaka, Bangladesh. [Rahman, Mahmuclur; Ahmed, Be-Nazir] Inst Epidemiol Dis Control & Res, Dhaka, Bangladesh. [Rollin, Pierre E.; Comer, James A.; Rota, Paul; Montgomery, Joel; Ksiazek, Thomas G.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RI Gurley, Emily/B-7903-2010 OI Gurley, Emily/0000-0002-8648-9403 NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 77 IS 5 SU S BP 273 EP 273 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 228UN UT WOS:000250758201413 ER PT J AU McCollum, AM Griffing, SM Zhou, Z Terlouw, DJ Kariuki, S Lal, AA Ter Kuile, FO Udhayakumar, V Escalante, AA AF McCollum, Andrea M. Griffing, Sean M. Zhou, Zhiyong Terlouw, Dianne J. Kariuki, Simon Lal, Altaf A. Ter Kuile, Feiko O. Udhayakumar, Venkatachalam Escalante, Ananias A. TI Independent evolution of mutant DHFR and DHPS alleles in an area of high transmission in western Kenya SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 56th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene CY NOV 04-08, 2007 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg C1 [McCollum, Andrea M.; Griffing, Sean M.; Zhou, Zhiyong; Lal, Altaf A.; Udhayakumar, Venkatachalam] CDC, CCID, NCZVED, DVD,MB, Atlanta, GA USA. [Terlouw, Dianne J.; Ter Kuile, Feiko O.] Univ Liverpool Liverpool Sch Trop Med, Liverpool, Merseyside, England. [Kariuki, Simon] Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Kisumu, Kenya. [Escalante, Ananias A.] Arizona State Univ, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 77 IS 5 SU S MA 971 BP 277 EP 278 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 228UN UT WOS:000250758201429 ER PT J AU Zhou, Z Griffing, SM de Oliveira, AM McCollum, AM Quezada, WM Arrospide, N Escalante, AA Udhayakumar, V AF Zhou, Zhiyong Griffing, Sean M. de Oliveira, Alexandre Macedo McCollum, Andrea M. Quezada, Wilmer Marquino Arrospide, Nancy Escalante, Ananias A. Udhayakumar, Venkatachalam TI Decline in sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine resistant DHFR and DHPS alleles after changes in drug policy in the Amazon region of Peru SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 56th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene CY NOV 04-08, 2007 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg C1 [Zhou, Zhiyong; Griffing, Sean M.; de Oliveira, Alexandre Macedo; McCollum, Andrea M.; Udhayakumar, Venkatachalam] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Chamblee, GA USA. [Quezada, Wilmer Marquino; Arrospide, Nancy] Natl Inst Hlth, Lima, Peru. [Escalante, Ananias A.] Arizona State Univ, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 77 IS 5 SU S MA 972 BP 278 EP 278 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 228UN UT WOS:000250758201430 ER PT J AU Schwenkenbecher, JM Lammie, PJ Kaplan, RM AF Schwenkenbecher, Jan M. Lammie, Patrick J. Kaplan, Ray M. TI Impact of mass drug administration on the development of possible benzimidazole resistance of human hookworms in haiti SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 56th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene CY NOV 04-08, 2007 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg C1 [Schwenkenbecher, Jan M.; Kaplan, Ray M.] Univ Georgia, Athens, GA 30602 USA. [Lammie, Patrick J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 77 IS 5 SU S MA 988 BP 282 EP 282 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 228UN UT WOS:000250758201446 ER PT J AU Trindade, G Emerson, G Sammons, S Frace, M Govil, D Olsen-Rasmussen, M Li, Y Carroll, D Regnery, R Da Fonseca, FG Kroon, E Damon, I AF Trindade, Giliane Emerson, Ginny Sammons, Scott Frace, Mike Govil, Dhwani Olsen-Rasmussen, Melissa Li, Yu Carroll, Darin Regnery, Russell Da Fonseca, Flavio Guimaraes Kroon, Erna Damon, Inger TI Characterization of a novel Brazilian vaccinia virus isolated from human and comparative analysis with orthopoxviruses SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 56th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene CY NOV 04-08, 2007 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg C1 [Trindade, Giliane; Emerson, Ginny; Li, Yu; Carroll, Darin; Regnery, Russell; Damon, Inger] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, CCID, DVRD, PRB, Atlanta, GA USA. [Sammons, Scott; Frace, Mike; Govil, Dhwani; Olsen-Rasmussen, Melissa] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, CCID, Atlanta, GA USA. [Da Fonseca, Flavio Guimaraes; Kroon, Erna] Univ Fed Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 77 IS 5 SU S MA 991 BP 283 EP 283 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 228UN UT WOS:000250758201449 ER PT J AU Logue, CH Bosio, C Dow, S Olson, KE Powers, AM AF Logue, Christopher H. Bosio, Chris Dow, Steven Olson, Kenneth E. Powers, Ann M. TI Evaluation of cationic lipid DNA complex (CLDC) in small animal models as a platform for both therapeutic treatment and vaccine development for alphavirus infections SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 56th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene CY NOV 04-08, 2007 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg C1 [Logue, Christopher H.; Powers, Ann M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Bosio, Chris; Olson, Kenneth E.] Colorado State Univ, AIDL, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Dow, Steven] Colorado State Univ, IDA, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 77 IS 5 SU S MA 993 BP 284 EP 284 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 228UN UT WOS:000250758201451 ER PT J AU Tatto, E Menezes, JA Kitagawa, BY Freitas, D Dimech, GS Wada, MY Obara, MT Madeira, A Zeccer, S Laupert, F Aguiar, M Steindel, M Hatch, D AF Tatto, Erica Menezes, Jose A. Kitagawa, Beatriz Y. Freitas, Daniel Dimech, George S. Wada, Marcelo Y. Obara, Marcos T. Madeira, Andreza Zeccer, Suzana Laupert, Fernanda Aguiar, Marli Steindel, Mario Hatch, Douglas TI Acute Chagas disease (ACD) outbreak related to sugar cane juice drunk in Santa Catarina state, south Brasil SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 56th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene CY NOV 04-08, 2007 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg C1 [Tatto, Erica; Menezes, Jose A.; Kitagawa, Beatriz Y.; Freitas, Daniel; Dimech, George S.; Wada, Marcelo Y.; Obara, Marcos T.] Minist Hlth, Brasilia, DF, Brazil. [Madeira, Andreza; Zeccer, Suzana] State Secretariat Hlth, Santa Catarina, Brazil. [Laupert, Fernanda; Aguiar, Marli] Cent Publ Hlth Lab, Santa Catarina, Brazil. [Steindel, Mario] Univ Fed Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC, Brazil. [Hatch, Douglas] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 77 IS 5 SU S MA 997 BP 285 EP 285 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 228UN UT WOS:000250758201455 ER PT J AU Bayoh, N Walker, ED Gimnig, J Mutuku, F Vulule, J Hamel, M AF Bayoh, Nablie Walker, Edward D. Gimnig, John Mutuku, Francis Vulule, John Hamel, Mary TI Integrated vector management for the prevention of malaria in western Kenya: Interactions of larval control and intensive ITN implementation on Anopheles gambiae density SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 56th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene CY NOV 04-08, 2007 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg C1 [Bayoh, Nablie; Mutuku, Francis; Vulule, John] Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Kisumu, Kenya. [Walker, Edward D.] Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Gimnig, John] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Hamel, Mary] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Kisumu, Kenya. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 77 IS 5 SU S MA 1036 BP 297 EP 297 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 228UN UT WOS:000250758201494 ER PT J AU Sejvar, JJ Hossain, J Fischer, M Gurley, E Saha, SK Luby, SP AF Sejvar, James J. Hossain, Jahangir Fischer, Marc Gurley, Emily Saha, Sankar Kuma Luby, Stephen P. TI Long-term outcomes of Japanese encephalitis in Bangladesh SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 56th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene CY NOV 04-08, 2007 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg C1 [Sejvar, James J.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Hossain, Jahangir; Gurley, Emily; Luby, Stephen P.] Int Ctr Diarrhoeal Dis Res, Dhaka 1000, Bangladesh. [Fischer, Marc] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Saha, Sankar Kuma] Dhaka Med Coll Hosp, Dhaka, Bangladesh. RI Gurley, Emily/B-7903-2010 OI Gurley, Emily/0000-0002-8648-9403 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 77 IS 5 SU S MA 1041 BP 298 EP 298 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 228UN UT WOS:000250758201499 ER PT J AU Farnon, EC Panella, AJ Hochbein, R Kosoy, OL Laveen, JJ Lanciotti, RS Campbell, GL AF Farnon, Eileen C. Panella, Amanda J. Hochbein, Roselyn Kosoy, Olga L. Laveen, Janeen J. Lanciotti, Robert S. Campbell, Grant L. TI Epidemic chikungunya fever, India and Indian ocean, 2006: Laboratory-based surveillance for imported cases, United States SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 56th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene CY NOV 04-08, 2007 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg C1 [Farnon, Eileen C.; Panella, Amanda J.; Hochbein, Roselyn; Kosoy, Olga L.; Laveen, Janeen J.; Lanciotti, Robert S.; Campbell, Grant L.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ft Collins, CO USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 77 IS 5 SU S MA 1043 BP 299 EP 299 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 228UN UT WOS:000250758201501 ER PT J AU Jain, V Wilson, N Armah, H Tongren, JE Joel, PK Singh, MP Nagpal, AC Dash, AP Udhayakumar, V Singh, N Stiles, JK AF Jain, Vidhan Wilson, Nana Armah, Henry Tongren, Jon E. Joel, Pradeep K. Singh, Mrigendra P. Nagpal, Avinash C. Dash, A. P. Udhayakumar, Venkatachalarn Singh, Neeru Stiles, Jonathan K. TI IP-10, apoptotic and angiogenic factors associated with mortality outcomes in cerebral malaria patients in India SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 56th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene CY NOV 04-08, 2007 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg C1 [Jain, Vidhan; Joel, Pradeep K.; Nagpal, Avinash C.; Dash, A. P.; Singh, Neeru] Natl Inst Malaria Res, Jabalpur, India. [Wilson, Nana; Stiles, Jonathan K.] Morehouse Sch Med, Atlanta, GA 30310 USA. [Armah, Henry] Univ Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. [Tongren, Jon E.; Udhayakumar, Venkatachalarn] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 77 IS 5 SU S MA 1055 BP 303 EP 303 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 228UN UT WOS:000250758201513 ER PT J AU Diuk-Wasser, M Vourc'h, G Gatewood, A Cislo, P Geerken, R Yaremych-Hamer, S Rowland, M Cortinas, R Tsao, J Kitron, U Piesman, J Fish, D AF Diuk-Wasser, Maria Vourc'h, Gwenael Gatewood, Anne Cislo, Paul Geerken, Roland Yaremych-Hamer, Sarah Rowland, Michelle Cortinas, Roberto Tsao, Jean Kitron, Uriel Piesman, Joseph Fish, Durland TI Modeling the distribution of the host-seeking nymphal Ixodes scapularis ticks in the USA using climate and landscape predictors SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 56th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene CY NOV 04-08, 2007 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg C1 [Diuk-Wasser, Maria; Gatewood, Anne; Cislo, Paul; Geerken, Roland; Fish, Durland] Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. [Vourc'h, Gwenael] INRA, F-63122 St Genes Champanelle, France. [Yaremych-Hamer, Sarah; Tsao, Jean] Michigan State Univ, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Rowland, Michelle; Kitron, Uriel] Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Cortinas, Roberto] Univ Minnesota, St Paul, MN 55108 USA. [Piesman, Joseph] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ft Collins, CO USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 77 IS 5 SU S MA 1060 BP 304 EP 304 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 228UN UT WOS:000250758201518 ER PT J AU Chen, HW Wang, H Dasch, GA Ching, WM AF Chen, Hua-Wei Wang, Hui Dasch, Gregory A. Ching, Wei-Mei TI Human antibody-reactive epitopes on the conserved 47 kda antigen of Orientia tsutsugamushi and their similarity to epitopes on human serine protease SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 56th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene CY NOV 04-08, 2007 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg C1 [Chen, Hua-Wei; Wang, Hui; Ching, Wei-Mei] Naval Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Dasch, Gregory A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 77 IS 5 SU S MA 1066 BP 306 EP 306 PG 1 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 228UN UT WOS:000250758201524 ER PT J AU Flannery, B Whitney, CG AF Flannery, Brendan Whitney, Cynthia G. TI Uncovering pneumococcal disease burden in Bangladesh SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Editorial Material ID CONJUGATE VACCINE; CHILDREN; INFECTIONS; BACTEREMIA; PNEUMONIA; KENYA C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Global Immunizat Div, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Flannery, B (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Global Immunizat Div, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mailstop E-05, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM bflannery@cdc.gov; cwhitney@cdc.gov NR 11 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 77 IS 5 BP 793 EP 794 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 228MW UT WOS:000250735000001 PM 17984327 ER PT J AU Richards, FO Amann, J Arana, B Punkosdy, G Klein, R Blanco, C Lopez, B Mendoza, C Dominguez, A Guarner, J Maguire, JH Eberhard, M AF Richards, Frank O., Jr. Amann, Josef Arana, Byron Punkosdy, George Klein, Robert Blanco, Carlos Lopez, Beatriz Mendoza, Carlos Dominguez, Alfredo Guarner, Jeannette Maguire, James H. Eberhard, Mark TI No depletion of Wolbachia from Onchocerca volvulus after a short course of rifampin and/or azithromycin SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID IVERMECTIN; DOXYCYCLINE; WORMS; EMBRYOGENESIS; ENDOBACTERIA; ELIMINATION; FILARIASIS; AFRICA AB Endosymbionic Wolbachia bacteria inside adult Onchocerca volvulus worms (causing river blindness) are necessary for female worm fertility. We evaluated whether rifampin and/or azithromycin used in a five-day course could kill Wolbachia. In an open-label trial in Guatemala, 73 patients with 134 palpable onchocercal nodules were randomized into four treatment groups: rifampin, azithromycin, a combination of the two drugs, and controls (multivitamins). After five days of antibiotic treatment, all participants received a single dose of ivermectin on day 6. Nine months after treatment, the nodules were removed and the worms were examined. Skin snips to determine microfilariae were obtained at baseline and nine months. There were no significant differences between any of the treatment groups in the condition of the worms in the nodules, the presence of Wolbachia surface protein, or the number of microfilariae in skin. Short courses with these antibiotics will not clear Wolbachia from O. volvulus. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Carter Ctr, River Blindness Program, Atlanta, GA 30307 USA. Univ Valle Guatemala, Guatemala City, Guatemala. Minist Hlth, Guatemala City, Guatemala. Carter Ctr, Onchocerciasis Eliminat Program Amer, Guatemala City, Guatemala. RP Richards, FO (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Carter Ctr, River Blindness Program, 1 Copenhill Ave,453 Freedom Pkwy, Atlanta, GA 30307 USA. EM frichards@cdc.gov RI Guarner, Jeannette/B-8273-2013 NR 28 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 77 IS 5 BP 878 EP 882 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 228MW UT WOS:000250735000020 PM 17984346 ER PT J AU Lazarus, C Autry, A Baio, J Avchen, RN Braun, KV AF Lazarus, Carrie Autry, Andy Baio, Jon Avchen, Rachel Nonkin Braun, Kim Van Naarden TI Impact of postcensal versus intercensal population estimates on prevalence of selected developmental disabilities - Metropolitan Atlanta, Georgia, 1991-1996 SO AMERICAN JOURNAL ON MENTAL RETARDATION LA English DT Article AB Prevalence estimates often use U.S. Census Bureau estimates of the population as denominator data. Postcensal estimates are population estimates produced following a decennial census. Intercensal estimates are surrounded by 2 census years and supersede postcensal estimates. In this report we describe prevalence estimates in Atlanta for mental retardation, cerebral palsy, and hearing and vision loss for 8 year olds from 1991-1994 and 1996. We used calculations of postcensal and intercensal population estimates. Intercensal population data were consistently higher than postcensal data, and prevalence estimates for developmental disabilities were lower using intercensal population data. This discrepancy varied by race and ethnicity. Comparison of population estimates, particularly at state and local levels, should be considered to assess meaningful differences in published prevalence estimates using intercensal data. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Lazarus, C (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM clazarus@cdc.gov NR 9 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ASSOC MENTAL RETARDATION PI WASHINGTON PA 444 N CAPITOL ST, NW, STE 846, WASHINGTON, DC 20001-1512 USA SN 0895-8017 J9 AM J MENT RETARD JI Am. J. Ment. Retard. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 112 IS 6 BP 462 EP 466 DI 10.1352/0895-8017(2007)112[462:IOPVIP]2.0.CO;2 PG 5 WC Education, Special; Rehabilitation SC Education & Educational Research; Rehabilitation GA 237ND UT WOS:000251380400006 PM 17963437 ER PT J AU Frazee, BW Talan, DA Moran, GJ Pinner, R AF Frazee, Bradley W. Talan, David A. Moran, Gregory J. Pinner, Robert TI Update on emerging infections: News from the centers for disease control and prevention SO ANNALS OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID COMMUNITY-ACQUIRED PNEUMONIA; STAPHYLOCOCCUS-AUREUS; UNITED-STATES; ADULTS C1 Highland Hosp, Alameda Cty Med Ctr, Dept Emergency Med, Oakland, CA USA. Olive View UCLA Med Ctr, Sylmar, CA 91342 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Frazee, BW (reprint author), Highland Hosp, Alameda Cty Med Ctr, Dept Emergency Med, Oakland, CA USA. NR 10 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0196-0644 J9 ANN EMERG MED JI Ann. Emerg. Med. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 50 IS 5 BP 612 EP 614 DI 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2007.09.005 PG 3 WC Emergency Medicine SC Emergency Medicine GA 227OV UT WOS:000250668400026 PM 17963982 ER PT J AU Mussolino, ME Armenian, HK AF Mussolino, Michael E. Armenian, Haroutune K. TI Low bone mineral density, coronary heart disease, and stroke mortality in men and women: The third national health and nutrition examination survey SO ANNALS OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE bone density; coronary disease; cerebrovascular accident; follow-up studies; longitudinal studies; proportional hazards models; men; women ID ELDERLY-WOMEN; POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN; ATHEROSCLEROSIS; OSTEOPROTEGERIN; ASSOCIATION; FRACTURES AB PURPOSE: The aim of this study is to determine the long-term association of bone mineral density and cardiovascular disease mortality. METHODS: The data used are from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES III), a nationally representative sample of noninstitutionalized civilians. A cohort of white, black, and Mexican-American persons ages 50 years and older at baseline (1988-1994) was followed through 2000 for coronary heart disease (CHD; n = 4690) and stroke mortality (n = 5272) using the NHANES III Linked Mortality File. RESULTS: Death certificates were used to identify 369 CHD and 166 stroke deaths. Results were evaluated to determine the relative risk of CHD or stroke per one standard deviation lower bone mineral density after adjusting for multiple risk factors. In Cox proportional hazards models, risk of CHD death and risk of stroke death were not associated with low bone mineral density among men. For women, no significant associations were found for stroke (relative risk, 1.34; 95% confidence interval, 0.86-2.07, p = 0.20) or CHD (relative risk, 1.26; 95% confidence interval, 0.88, 1.80; p = 0.21). CONCLUSIONS: Low bone mineral density was not associated with risk of cardiovascular disease in men. Among women with low bone mineral density, risk of CHD and stroke were elevated, but no significant associations were found. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. RP Mussolino, ME (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, 3311 Toledo Rd,Room 6325, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. EM mmussolino@cdc.gov NR 25 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1047-2797 J9 ANN EPIDEMIOL JI Ann. Epidemiol. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 17 IS 11 BP 841 EP 846 DI 10.1016/j.annepidem.2007.06.005 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 231IE UT WOS:000250939300001 PM 17728148 ER PT J AU McKernan, JL Ellenbecker, MJ Holcroft, CA Petersen, MR AF McKernan, John L. Ellenbecker, Michael J. Holcroft, Christina A. Petersen, Martin R. TI Evaluation of a proposed area equation for improved exothermic process control SO ANNALS OF OCCUPATIONAL HYGIENE LA English DT Article DE engineering controls; heat and cold; hot processes; local exhaust; ventilation ID FUME HOODS; VENTILATION; CONVECTION AB Our understanding of heat transfer and meteorological theories and their applications for engineering control design have been refined since the collective work in ventilation engineering for manufacturing process was published by Hemeon in 1955. These refined theories were reviewed and used to develop a newly proposed equation to estimate buoyant plume area (A). The area is a key parameter in estimating the plume volumetric flow (Q=(U) over bar A) required for exothermic process control. Subsequent to developing a theoretical equation for plume area (A), plume velocity and area data were collected in the laboratory using a thermal anemometer and a scale-model exothermic process. Laboratory results were compared to solutions provided by the proposed, American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH) and Hemeon plume area equations to determine which equation most closely matched the laboratory data. To make this determination, either t-tests or Wilcoxon signed-rank tests were conducted (based on examination of data normality) to determine the difference between collected data and solutions from the proposed, ACGIH and Hemeon equations. Median differences and P-values from Wilcoxon signed-rank tests (non-parametric) indicate that the ACGIH and Hemeon plume area equations provide significantly lower values than the laboratory data. However, the proposed equation provided solutions that were not significantly different from the collected data. Results indicate that the plume area equations currently recommended by the ACGIH and Hemeon are not as accurate as the proposed equation over the range of parameters investigated. C1 NIOSH, Div Surveillance Hazard Evaluat & Field Studi, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. Univ Massachusetts Lowell, Dept Work Environm, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. RP McKernan, JL (reprint author), NIOSH, Div Surveillance Hazard Evaluat & Field Studi, 4676 Columbia Pkwy,MS-R14, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM jmckernan@cdc.gov NR 28 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 3 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0003-4878 J9 ANN OCCUP HYG JI Ann. Occup. Hyg. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 51 IS 8 BP 725 EP 738 DI 10.1093/annhyg/mem053 PG 14 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 232QO UT WOS:000251034400008 PM 17982158 ER PT J AU Payne, DC Rose, CE Kerrison, J Aranas, A Duderstadt, S McNeil, MM AF Payne, Daniel C. Rose, Charles E., Jr. Kerrison, John Aranas, Aaron Duderstadt, Susan McNeil, Michael M. TI Optic neuritis and vaccination investigation: Failure to consider significant sex differences and multiple vaccine combinations - Reply SO ARCHIVES OF NEUROLOGY LA English DT Letter ID ANTHRAX VACCINATION; MILITARY C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Payne, DC (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop A-47, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM dvp6@cdc.gov NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610-0946 USA SN 0003-9942 J9 ARCH NEUROL-CHICAGO JI Arch. Neurol. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 64 IS 11 BP 1674 EP 1675 DI 10.1001/archneur.64.11.1674 PG 2 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 229YZ UT WOS:000250843800020 ER PT J AU Lesko, CR Arguin, PM Newman, RD AF Lesko, Catherine R. Arguin, Paul M. Newman, Robert D. TI Congenital malaria in the United States SO ARCHIVES OF PEDIATRICS & ADOLESCENT MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID PLASMODIUM-VIVAX MALARIA; RELAPSE; NIGERIA; BURDEN AB Objectives: To provide an updated review and examine any trends among congenital malaria cases that might help guide diagnosis, treatment, and public health recommendations. Design: Retrospective case series. Setting: United States. Participants: We reviewed all cases of congenital malaria reported to the US National Malaria Surveillance System between January 1, 1966, and December 31, 2004, including 1 unpublished case from 2005, encompassing all years for which data were collected and available. Main Exposures: Maternal characteristics, including travel history, and malaria treatment. Main Outcome Measure: Characteristics of congenitally acquired cases of malaria. Results: For the 81 cases of congenital malaria reported in the United States in the past 40 years, the predominant infecting species was Plasmodium vivax ( 81%). Most mothers ( 96%) were foreign born, and 55 of 65 women ( 85%), for whom time of most recent exposure was known, were exposed 1 year or less before delivery. A common error in the treatment of infants with congenital malaria was the unnecessary administration of primaquine phosphate for P vivax infection. Conclusions: Health care professionals should have heightened vigilance for malaria in pregnant women who have emigrated from or traveled to malaria- endemic areas within the past year, as well as in their offspring. Such women with episodes of fever during pregnancy should have a blood film to test for malaria performed promptly and should be treated appropriately. Treatment of a mother does not negate the need for heightened vigilance in her newborn. Health care professionals should be aware that congenital P vivax malaria does not need to be treated with primaquine. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Malaria Branch, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Arguin, PM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Malaria Branch, 4770 Buford Hwy NE,Mail Stop F-12, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM pma0@cdc.gov NR 29 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610-0946 USA SN 1072-4710 J9 ARCH PEDIAT ADOL MED JI Arch. Pediatr. Adolesc. Med. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 161 IS 11 BP 1062 EP 1067 DI 10.1001/archpedi.161.11.1062 PG 6 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 228BH UT WOS:000250701400006 PM 17984408 ER PT J AU Corrigan, JD Lineberry, LA Komaroff, E Langlois, JA Selassie, AW Wood, KD AF Corrigan, John D. Lineberry, Lee A. Komaroff, Eugene Langlois, Jean A. Selassie, Anbesaw W. Wood, Kenneth D. TI Employment after traumatic brain injury: Differences between men and women SO ARCHIVES OF PHYSICAL MEDICINE AND REHABILITATION LA English DT Article DE brain injuries; employment; rehabilitation; sex ID VOCATIONAL-REHABILITATION CLIENTS; POSTTRAUMATIC-STRESS-DISORDER; COMMUNITY INTEGRATION; GENDER-DIFFERENCES; FOLLOW-UP; OUTCOME MEASURES; ACUTE PREDICTORS; SYSTEMATIC BIAS; MAJOR TRAUMA; RETURN AB Corrigan JD, Lineberry LA, Komaroff E, Langlois JA, Selassie AW, Wood KD. Employment after traumatic brain injury: differences between men and women. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2007;88:1400-9. Objective: To determine whether there are sex differences in employment 1 year after traumatic brain injury. Design: Prospective cohort. Setting: Acute care hospitals in South Carolina and Traumatic Brain Injury Model Systems TBIMS) rehabilitation centers. Participants: Subjects in the TBIMS national dataset and the South Carolina Traumatic Brain Injury Follow-up Registry who were expected to be working before injury and followed at 1 year postinjury. Interventions: Not applicable. Main Outcome Measure: Change in employment from preinjury to 1 year postinjury. Results: When other measured influences on change in hours worked were held constant, there were significant interactions for sex by age and sex by marital status. Compared with men, women were more likely to decrease hours or stop working, except in the oldest age group (55-64y) in which men were more likely to stop working. For women, there was a pattern showing better employment outcomes as age increased. Decreased employment for women was most evident for married women, who were much more likely to reduce hours or stop working. There was also a tendency for divorced women to be more likely to stop working when compared with divorced men. Conclusions: These findings run counter to the current literature. Although definitive explanations must await future studies, causal factors arising from differential societal behavior toward women as well as discriminatory attitudes about women and employment deserve further study. C1 Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys Med & Rehabil, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Biostat, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. Kessler Med Rehabil Res & Educ Ctr, W Orange, NJ USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Corrigan, JD (reprint author), Ohio State Univ, Dept Phys Med & Rehabil, 480 Med Ctr Dr, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. EM corrigan.l@osu.edu RI Corrigan, John/E-2921-2011 FU PHS HHS [U17/CCU421926] NR 58 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 2 U2 4 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0003-9993 J9 ARCH PHYS MED REHAB JI Arch. Phys. Med. Rehabil. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 88 IS 11 BP 1400 EP 1409 DI 10.1016/j.apmr.2007.08.006 PG 10 WC Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences SC Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences GA 229AT UT WOS:000250774400005 PM 17964879 ER PT J AU Kothera, L Ward, SM Carney, SE AF Kothera, Linda Ward, Sarah M. Carney, Shanna E. TI Assessing the threat from hybridization to the rare endemic Physayia beffli Mulligan (Brassicaceae) SO BIOLOGICAL CONSERVATION LA English DT Article DE interspecific hybridization; ISSR; morphology; naturally rare plants; physaria; polyploidy ID HABITAT DIFFERENTIATION; CONSERVATION; MARKERS; PLANT; ASTERACEAE; CONGENER; AMPLIFICATION; DISTURBANCE; EXTINCTION; COLORADO AB Hybridization of a rare endemic with a more common congener can endanger the rarer species through gene swamping. This study used a combination of genetic, morphological and cytological analyses to assess the threat to Bell's twinpod (Physaria bellii), a rare endemic restricted to the Colorado Front Range, from hybridization with its more widespread congener Physaria vitulifera. Two populations of P. bellii at the southernmost end of its range were suspected of containing hybrid plants, based on field observations of intermediate leaf morphology. inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) marker analysis confirmed that suspect individuals contained alleles from both P. bellii and P. vitulifera, with most hybrids genetically closer to P. vitulifera. Morphological data from leaf measurements showed hybrids to be intermediate for several characters, with the exception of the leaf sinus trait that was statistically closer to P. vitulifera. The morphometric data supported the genetic data with Canonical Discriminant Analyses of both data sets showing similar patterns. The extent of the threat to P. bellii populations from hybridization with the more common P. vitulifera was assessed through cytological analysis of existing populations and through field and greenhouse crosses. While naturally occurring hybrids are tetraploid, diploid P. vitulifera populations do not occur close enough to the current range of diploid P. bellii to permit gene flow. Interspecific crosses yielded fewer normal seeds than intraspecific crosses, regardless of the ploidy levels of the parents. it does not appear that P. bellii is currently threatened by hybridization with P. vitulifera, and efforts to conserve this globally imperiled species should focus on the threat from potential habitat loss rather than from gene swamping. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Colorado State Univ, Dept Biol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. Colorado State Univ, Dept Soil & Crop Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. USDA ARS, Natl Ctr Genet Resources Preservat, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. RP Kothera, L (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, 3150 Rampart Rd, Ft Collins, CO 80521 USA. EM LKothera@cdc.gov; sarah.ward@ColoState.edu; Shanna.Henk@ars.usda.gov NR 42 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0006-3207 J9 BIOL CONSERV JI Biol. Conserv. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 140 IS 1-2 BP 110 EP 118 DI 10.1016/j.biocon.2007.06.028 PG 9 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 230VA UT WOS:000250903000012 ER PT J AU Besser, LM Williams, LJ Cragan, JD AF Besser, Lilah M. Williams, Laura J. Cragan, Janet D. TI Interpreting changes in the epidemiology of anencephaly and spina bifida following folic acid fortification of the US grain supply in the setting of long-term trends, Atlanta, Georgia, 1968-2003 SO BIRTH DEFECTS RESEARCH PART A-CLINICAL AND MOLECULAR TERATOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Pediatric-and-Perinatal-Epidemiologic-Research CY JUN 20-21, 2006 CL Seattle, WA SP Soc Pediat & Perinatal Epidemiol Res DE anencephaly; spina bifida; folic acid; epidemiology ID NEURAL-TUBE DEFECTS; UNITED-STATES; BIRTH PREVALENCE; HETEROGENEITY; PREVENTION; VITAMIN; COUNTY; IMPACT; RISK AB BACKGROUND: The prevalence of anencephaly (AN) and spina bifida (SB) was declining long before fortification of enriched grains in the U.S. with folic acid. We examined whether changes in these defects surrounding fortification could be distinguished from preexisting trends. METHODS: We used data from the Metropolitan Atlanta Congenital Defects Program to identify three ascertainment periods: Period 1 (1968-1981), prenatal diagnoses rarely made; Period 2 (1981-1993), prenatal diagnoses made but not ascertained; Period 3 (1994-2003), prenatal diagnoses ascertained. We compared the annual percent change (APC) in AN and SB for each period using Poisson regression, then compared prevalences during each period for categories of pregnancy outcome, sex, race, gravidity, and maternal age. RESULTS: The prevalence of AN (N = 434) and SB (N = 663) declined during 1968-2003. The APCs in Periods 1, 2, and 3, respectively, were -6.9%, -2.9%, and -6.8% for AN, and -7.1%, -7.0%, and -6.2% for SB; 95% confidence intervals around the APCs for Periods 2 and 3 overlapped for both defects. Prevalence ratios (PRs) for females relative to males decreased for AN (2.3 in Period 1; 1.2 in Period 3); PRs for whites relative to blacks or African Americans decreased for both AN (2.7 in Period 1; 1.2 in Period 3) and SB (2.5 in Period 1; 1.1 in Period 3). CONCLUSIONS: Our analysis suggests that changes in AN and SB surrounding folic acid fortification (Period 3) could be part of preexisting trends. This must be considered when evaluating prevention efforts. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Cragan, JD (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Mailstop E86,1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM JCragan@cdc.gov NR 24 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-LISS PI HOBOKEN PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 1542-0752 J9 BIRTH DEFECTS RES A JI Birth Defects Res. Part A-Clin. Mol. Teratol. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 79 IS 11 BP 730 EP 736 DI 10.1002/bdra.20401 PG 7 WC Developmental Biology; Toxicology SC Developmental Biology; Toxicology GA 234HA UT WOS:000251150100002 PM 17990332 ER PT J AU Grosse, SD Collins, JS AF Grosse, Scott D. Collins, Julianne S. TI Folic acid supplementation and neural tube defect recurrence prevention SO BIRTH DEFECTS RESEARCH PART A-CLINICAL AND MOLECULAR TERATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE neural tube defect; folic acid; spina bifida; anencephaly; encephalocele ID VITAMIN SUPPLEMENTATION; UNITED-STATES; RISK; WOMEN; PREGNANCIES; EXPERIENCE; KNOWLEDGE; COLORADO; TRIAL AB BACKGROUND: It is well established that women who have had a pregnancy affected by a neural tube defect (NTD) have an elevated risk of a subsequent NTD-affected pregnancy and that a high dose (4 mg/day) of folic acid taken around the time of conception prevents most recurrences of NTDs. METHODS: We reviewed the literature to identify studies that quantify the reduction in risk if women with a prior-NTD affected pregnancy consistently take folic acid before and during a subsequent pregnancy and the effectiveness of NTD recurrence prevention programs in increasing the percentage of women who consistently consume folic acid supplements. RESULTS: A meta-analysis of randomized trials of folic acid for the prevention of recurrent NTDs indicates a 69% reduction in recurrence risk if analyzed on an intention-to-treat basis and an 87% reduction among those women who took supplements prior to the beginning of pregnancy. Observational studies report reductions in recurrence risk of 85% to 100% among women taking folic acid prior to subsequent pregnancies. The percentage of women who take folic acid prior to a subsequent pregnancy has been reported to vary from 33% to 85%, varying with the demographic background and the intensity of folic acid counseling efforts. CONCLUSIONS: Targeted folic acid information and counseling provided to women with an NTD-affected pregnancy has been demonstrated to substantially reduce the risk of recurrent NTDs and is feasible to implement on a public health basis. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA USA. Greenwood Genet Ctr, JC Self Res Inst, Greenwood, SC 29646 USA. RP Grosse, SD (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 28 TC 28 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 12 PU WILEY-LISS PI HOBOKEN PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 1542-0752 J9 BIRTH DEFECTS RES A JI Birth Defects Res. Part A-Clin. Mol. Teratol. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 79 IS 11 BP 737 EP 742 DI 10.1002/bdra.20394 PG 6 WC Developmental Biology; Toxicology SC Developmental Biology; Toxicology GA 234HA UT WOS:000251150100003 PM 17990333 ER PT J AU Riehle-Colarusso, T Strickland, MJ Reller, MD Mahle, WT Botto, LD Siffel, C Atkinson, M Correa, A AF Riehle-Colarusso, Tiffany Strickland, Matthew J. Reller, Mark D. Mahle, William T. Botto, Lorenzo D. Siffel, Csaba Atkinson, Mike Correa, Adolfo TI Improving the quality of surveillance data on congenital heart defects in the metropolitan Atlanta congenital defects program SO BIRTH DEFECTS RESEARCH PART A-CLINICAL AND MOLECULAR TERATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE congenital heart defects; cardiovascular malformations; surveillance; birth defects; pediatric cardiology classification ID CARDIOVASCULAR MALFORMATIONS; SURGERY DATABASE; DISEASE; CLASSIFICATION; NOMENCLATURE; PREVALENCE; PREVENTION; SOCIETY; RISK AB BACKGROUND: One of the challenges in epidemiologic studies of congenital heart defects (CHDs) has been the lack of a current, standard nomenclature and classification system. Recently such a standard nomenclature became available from the Society of Thoracic Surgeons (STS) Congenital Heart Surgery Database. This study reports the classification of cases of CHDs in a birth defects surveillance database using modified STS nomenclature. METHODS: Records of infants and fetuses in the Metropolitan Atlanta Congenital Defects Program delivered during 1968-2003 with CHD diagnoses were reviewed by a team of pediatric cardiologists. The cases were assigned one or more STS codes and subsequently grouped into successively broader levels of aggregation. Aggregation was based on presumed morphogenetically similar developmental mechanisms. RESULTS: There were 12,639 cases reviewed, of which 89% had a single, primary STS code. Structural CHDs were found in 7,749 infants, while 4,890 were considered to have structurally normal hearts. Application of clinical CHD nomenclature improved the clinical accuracy of surveillance data by eliminating normal physiologic variants and obligatory shunt lesions. Classification also aggregated specific CHDs into groups appropriate for research and surveillance. CONCLUSIONS: Application of a current, standard CHD nomenclature and classification system to cases in a birth defects surveillance database improves the specificity of cardiac diagnoses and allows for the development of a flexible case aggregation system for monitoring of CHID prevalence. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA USA. Emory Univ, Rollins Sch Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Portland, OR 97201 USA. Emory Univ, Childrens Healthcare Atlanta, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. Univ Utah, Div Med Genet, Salt Lake City, UT USA. Comp Sci Corp, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Riehle-Colarusso, T (reprint author), 1600 Clifton Rd,Mailstop E-86, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM tja4@cdc.gov NR 36 TC 34 Z9 36 U1 1 U2 4 PU WILEY-LISS PI HOBOKEN PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 1542-0752 J9 BIRTH DEFECTS RES A JI Birth Defects Res. Part A-Clin. Mol. Teratol. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 79 IS 11 BP 743 EP 753 DI 10.1002/bdra.20412 PG 11 WC Developmental Biology; Toxicology SC Developmental Biology; Toxicology GA 234HA UT WOS:000251150100004 PM 17990334 ER PT J AU Besser, LM Shin, M Kucik, JE Correa, A AF Besser, Lilah M. Shin, Mikyong Kucik, James E. Correa, Adolfo TI Prevalence of down syndrome among children and adolescents in metropolitan Atlanta SO BIRTH DEFECTS RESEARCH PART A-CLINICAL AND MOLECULAR TERATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE down syndrome; prevalence; children; adolescents ID BIRTH-DEFECTS SURVEILLANCE; PRENATAL-DIAGNOSIS; INFANT-MORTALITY; IMPACT; TRENDS; SURVIVAL; BORN AB BACKGROUND: Down syndrome (DS) prevalence estimates beyond infancy are needed to assess health service needs among those with DS. METHODS: Children with DS born in metropolitan Atlanta from 1979 through 2003 were ascertained from a population-based birth defects registry. Vital status through 2003 was obtained using case records, vital records, and the National Death Index. Prevalence was calculated by dividing the children surviving with DS by the population derived from U.S. Census estimates. Variations in DS prevalence by race, heart defects, age, birth cohort, and time period were examined using Poisson regression. RESULTS: In metropolitan Atlanta in 2003, there were 67 livebirths with DS (13.0 per 10,000 livebirths) and 738 0- to 19-year-olds surviving with DS (8.3 per 10,000 population). Over time, births to mothers 35 years and older and DS birth prevalence increased. Birth prevalence was higher among Whites, did not vary by sex, and was higher for infants without heart defects. DS prevalence among 0- to 14-year-olds increased over time (p < .05). Within each 5 year birth cohort, prevalence decreased with age: this decrease was greater among Blacks than among Whites and among children with heart defects than among children without heart defects. CONCLUSIONS: DS prevalence increased among livebirths and among young children. Further studies are warranted to determine whether health services are meeting the needs of an increasing number of children with DS. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Div Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Correa, A (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Div Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E-86, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM acorrca@cdc.gov NR 35 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 3 PU WILEY-LISS PI HOBOKEN PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 1542-0752 J9 BIRTH DEFECTS RES A JI Birth Defects Res. Part A-Clin. Mol. Teratol. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 79 IS 11 BP 765 EP 774 DI 10.1002/bdra.20404 PG 10 WC Developmental Biology; Toxicology SC Developmental Biology; Toxicology GA 234HA UT WOS:000251150100006 PM 17990336 ER PT J AU Shin, M Kucik, JE Correa, A AF Shin, Mikyong Kucik, James E. Correa, Adolfo TI Causes of death and case fatality rates among infants with down syndrome in metropolitan Atlanta SO BIRTH DEFECTS RESEARCH PART A-CLINICAL AND MOLECULAR TERATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE down syndrome; cause of death; case fatality rate ID LIFE EXPECTANCY; BIRTH-DEFECTS; UNITED-STATES; MORTALITY; SURVIVAL; POPULATION; ACCURACY; SURGERY AB BACKGROUND: There is limited population-based information on the extent of underreporting of congenital heart defects (CHD) as a cause of death among infants with Down syndrome (DS) and on the variation in case fatality by presence of CHD and age at death. METHODS: Using data from the Metropolitan Atlanta Congenital Defects Program (MACDP), we identified infants with DS born 1979-2003. We used data from Georgia death certificates and the National Death Index to determine vital status and identify causes of death. Using MACDP records as a reference, we calculated the sensitivity and positive predictive value of reports of CHD as any cause of death or contributing condition in death certificates. We calculated race-specific case fatality rate by infant's age at death and presence of CHD. RESULTS: CHD was the most frequently reported cause of death from death certificates; however, a review of causes of death and birth defects data indicated a potentially greater impact of CHD among DS infant deaths than could be determined from the reported cause of death. The case fatality rate among infants with DS was significantly higher among blacks than whites, with the greatest racial disparity observed among infants without CHD who died in the post-neonatal period. CONCLUSIONS: Efforts are needed to improve reporting of causes of death related to CHD among infants with DS that would allow for a clearer assessment of determinants of case fatality among DS infants and identification of possible ways to reduce the racial disparities. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Div Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Shin, M (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Div Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E-86, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM mshin@ccic.gov NR 23 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-LISS PI HOBOKEN PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 1542-0752 J9 BIRTH DEFECTS RES A JI Birth Defects Res. Part A-Clin. Mol. Teratol. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 79 IS 11 BP 775 EP 780 DI 10.1002/bdra.20414 PG 6 WC Developmental Biology; Toxicology SC Developmental Biology; Toxicology GA 234HA UT WOS:000251150100007 PM 17990337 ER PT J AU Cassell, C Mai, C Rickard, R AF Cassell, Cynthia Mai, Cara Rickard, Russel TI Birth defects interstate data exchange: A battle worth fighting? SO BIRTH DEFECTS RESEARCH PART A-CLINICAL AND MOLECULAR TERATOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th Annual Meeting of the National-Birth-Defects-Prevention-Network CY JAN 30-FEB 01, 2006 CL Arlington, VA SP Natl Birth Defects Prevent Network DE interstate data exchange; data exchange agreements; birth defects; surveillance ID PREVALENCE RATES AB BACKGROUND: Regardless of where infants and children are delivered, diagnosed, or treated, an important aspect of population-based birth defects surveillance is ensuring the inclusion of children with birth defects in the catchment area. However, little is known as to how the lack of interstate birth defects data exchange affects program surveillance, monitoring, prevention, and referral activities. The study objectives were to determine the status of interstate birth defects data exchange agreements and to quantify statewide data on resident births occurring in nonresident states. METHODS: In 2004, surveys were distributed to all population-based birth defects programs in the United States to determine: 1) the types of interstate birth defects data exchange agreements that exist among birth defects programs, 2) perceived barriers in establishing exchange agreements, and 3) the extent to which out-of-state births affect a program's catchment area. The National Center for Health Statistics (NCHS) data for 2002 on live birth residency were used to determine the actual frequency of out-of-state live birth occurrence. RESULTS: Of the 52 states and territories that were surveyed, 65% (n = 34) responded. Approximately 21% (n = 7) of those that responded had an interstate data exchange agreement that allowed sharing of birth defects data with another state or a facility within another state. Approximately 53% (n = 18) of responding states indicated plans to develop an interstate birth defects data exchange agreement with other states, hospitals, or both. The NCHS data showed that the actual percentage of resident out-of-state live births ranged from 0.16 to 11.51. NCHS data also reveal that 78% of states would be able to capture >75% of their out-of-state births by sharing data on out-of-state births with the three neighboring states ranking highest in terms of such occurrences. CONCLUSIONS: Few states have interstate birth defects data exchange agreements, though all states have resident births occurring out of state. While suggestive, data beyond residency of live births are needed to quantify the degree to which the objectives of state-based birth defects programs are compromised. Resources exist to guide programs in establishing interstate data exchange agreements. Efforts to establish such agreements with only a few neighboring states could be a large step toward improving birth defects surveillance on a state, regional, and national level. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA USA. Colorado Dept Publ Hlth & Environm, Colorado Responds Children Special Needs, Denver, CO USA. RP Cassell, C (reprint author), DHHS, Div Publ Hlth, State Ctr Hlth Stat, N Carolina Birth Defects Monitoring Program, 1908 Mail Serv Ctr, Raleigh, NC 27699 USA. EM cyrithia.cassell@ncmail.net NR 7 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-LISS PI HOBOKEN PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 1542-0752 J9 BIRTH DEFECTS RES A JI Birth Defects Res. Part A-Clin. Mol. Teratol. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 79 IS 11 BP 806 EP 810 DI 10.1002/bdra.20413 PG 5 WC Developmental Biology; Toxicology SC Developmental Biology; Toxicology GA 234HA UT WOS:000251150100012 PM 17990342 ER PT J AU Richardson, LC Wang, W Hartzema, AG Wagner, S AF Richardson, Lisa C. Wang, Wei Hartzema, Abraham G. Wagner, Samuel TI The role of health-related quality of life in early discontinuation of chemotherapy for breast cancer SO BREAST JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE breast cancer; quality of life; treatment adherence ID ADJUVANT THERAPY; CLINICAL-TRIALS; EMOTIONAL DISTRESS; RANDOMIZED-TRIALS; TAMOXIFEN THERAPY; WOMEN; CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE; FLUOROURACIL; ADJUSTMENT; SURVIVAL AB To examine the role of health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in early treatment discontinuation among women enrolled in a breast cancer clinical trial. A total of 464 women were enrolled in the Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group randomized controlled trial of adjuvant regimens comparing six cycles of cytoxan, adriamycin and 5-flurouricil (5-FU) with a 16-week regimen (weekly therapy with cytoxan, adriamycin, vincristine, methotrexate, and 5-FU) among women with lymph node positive breast cancer. One hundred sixty-four women participated in the HrQL substudy using the Breast Chemotherapy Questionnaire, which was designed to measure HRQOL in women receiving chemotherapy. Changes in global HRQOL score were examined over time as a predictor of early treatment discontinuation using generalized estimation equations (GEE) modeling and Cox proportional hazards regression. We considered early treatment discontinuation as a longitudinal binary variable determined at each time point HRQOL was measured. The results of multivariate GEE model fitting indicated that declines in HRQOL (p = 0.04), older age (p = 0.02), higher degree of nausea (p = 0.02), higher degree of neurosensory toxicity (0.03) and lower degrees of hair loss (p = 0.004) were correlated with early treatment discontinuation. We then fitted a proportional hazard regression model for time to early discontinuation with HRQOL score as a time-dependent covariate. The results were identical. Declines in HRQOL during therapy predicted early treatment discontinuation even after accounting for age and chemotherapy-related side effects. In the age of ever more aggressive treatments for breast cancer, women's perception of the impact of these treatments on their lives will become more important. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. Harvard Univ, Dept Biostat, Cambridge, MA USA. Univ Florida, Coll Pharm, Gainesville, FL USA. Pfizer Pharmaceut Inc, New York, NY USA. RP Richardson, LC (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Canc Prevent & Control, 4770 Buford Highway NE, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM lfr8@cdc.gov NR 33 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1075-122X J9 BREAST J JI Breast J. PD NOV-DEC PY 2007 VL 13 IS 6 BP 581 EP 587 DI 10.1111/j.1524-4741.2007.00512.x PG 7 WC Oncology; Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Oncology; Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 226KP UT WOS:000250588200009 PM 17983400 ER PT J AU Norman, SA Localio, AR Anita, LW Coates, RJ Zhou, L Bernstein, L Malone, KE Marchbanks, PA Weiss, LK Lee, NC Nadel, MR AF Norman, Sandra A. Localio, A. Russell Anita, L. Weber Coates, Ralph J. Zhou, Lan Bernstein, Leslie Malone, Kathleen E. Marchbanks, Polly A. Weiss, Linda K. Lee, Nancy C. Nadel, Marion R. TI Protection of mammography screening against death from breast cancer in women aged 40-64 years SO CANCER CAUSES & CONTROL LA English DT Article DE mass screening; mammography; breast neoplasms; breast cancer mortality; age groups; premenopause; postmenopause ID RANDOMIZED-TRIALS; RISK LEVEL; EFFICACY; METAANALYSIS; GUIDELINES; MORTALITY; COMMUNITY; THERAPY; DENSITY; OBESITY AB Objective This study assessed the efficacy of community-based screening mammography in protecting against breast cancer death, asking whether age differences in efficacy persisted in the 1990s. Methods In a case-control study with follow-up, odds ratios (OR) were used to estimate the relative mortality rates from invasive breast cancer among women with at least one screening mammogram in the two years prior to a baseline reference date compared to non-screened women, adjusting for potential confounding. The multicenter population-based study included 553 black and white women diagnosed during 1994-1998 who died in the following five years, and 4016 controls without breast cancer. Results Efficacy for reducing the rate of breast cancer death within five years after diagnosis was greater at ages 50-64 years (OR = 0.47, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.35-0.63) than at ages 40-49 (OR = 0.89, 95% CI 0.65-1.23), and greater among postmenopausal (OR = 0.45, 95% CI 0.33-0.62) than premenopausal women (OR = 0.74, 95% CI 0.53-1.04). Estimates of efficacy were conservative, as shown by sensitivity analyses addressing whether cancer was discovered by a screening mammogram, age at which screening was received, the length of the screening observation window, and years of follow-up after diagnosis. Conclusions Despite the persistence of age differences in efficacy of mammography screening, with greater observed benefit for women aged 50-64 years, these findings support current screening recommendations for women 40-64 years old. C1 Univ Penn, Dept Biostat & Epidemiol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Univ Penn, Ctr Clin Epidemiol & Biostat, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Ctr Dis Control, Div Canc Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. Ctr Dis Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. Univ So Carolina, Dept Prevent Med, Los Angeles, CA USA. Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. Ctr Dis Control, Div Reprod Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. Ctr Dis Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. Wayne State Univ, Karmanos Canc Inst, Populat Studies & Prevent Program, Detroit, MI USA. RP Norman, SA (reprint author), Univ Penn, Dept Biostat & Epidemiol, 801 Blockley Hall,423 Guardian Dr, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. EM snorman@mail.med.upenn.edu FU NICHD NIH HHS [N01-HD-3-3168, N01-HD-2-3166, N01-HD-3-3174, N01-HD-3-3175, N01-HD-3-3176, Y01-HD-7022] NR 45 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 6 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0957-5243 J9 CANCER CAUSE CONTROL JI Cancer Causes Control PD NOV PY 2007 VL 18 IS 9 BP 909 EP 918 DI 10.1007/s10552-007-9006-8 PG 10 WC Oncology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Oncology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 201BE UT WOS:000248805700001 PM 17665313 ER PT J AU Vesper, HW Bernert, JT Ospina, M Meyers, T Ingham, L Smith, A Myers, GL AF Vesper, Hubeirt W. Bernert, John T. Ospina, Maria Meyers, Tunde Ingham, Leigha Smith, Antoinette Myers, Gary L. TI Assessment of the relation between biomarkers for smoking and biomarkers for acrylamide exposure in humans SO CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY BIOMARKERS & PREVENTION LA English DT Article ID ENVIRONMENTAL TOBACCO-SMOKE; TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY; HEMOGLOBIN ADDUCTS; GENERAL-POPULATION; MAILLARD REACTION; SERUM COTININE; GLYCIDAMIDE; NICOTINE; RATS; FOOD AB Smoking is an important source of acrylamide exposure in the general population. We assessed the relationship between hemoglobin adducts of acrylamide (HbAA) and glycidamide (HbGA) as biomarkers of acrylamide exposure and plasma cotinine (PC) as biomarkers of tobacco smoke exposure in 94 men and 67 women. The median (5th-95th percentile) biomarker concentrations (pmol/g Hb) in the group of individuals with PC concentrations of <= 10 ng/mL were 51 (29-155) and 34 (16-117) for HbAA and HbGA, respectively. They were significantly lower than those in the group of individuals with PC concentrations of >10 ng/mL [194 (87-403) and 107 (41-215) for HbAA and HbGA, respectively]. In individuals with PC concentrations of <1 ng/mL, HbAA and HbGA were similar to those observed in the group with PC values of <= 10 ng/mL. The intersubject variability was profoundly smaller in the group with PC values of <= 10 ng/mL compared with the group with PC values of >10 ng/mL. Although HbAA and HbGA could be categorized into distinguishable groups using PC concentration ranges commonly used to categorize presumed smokers and nonsmokers, no significant relationship was observed between these two biomarkers and PC within each group. The different exposure periods reflected by these biomarkers and the resulting different susceptibility to short-term variations in exposure patterns may in part explain these observations. The findings suggest that tobacco smoke exposure in individuals with PC values of <1 ng/mL has only a minimal effect on HbAA and HbGA. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Div Sci Lab, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Vesper, HW (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Div Sci Lab, 4770 Buford Highway,NE MS F-25, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM HVesper@cdc.gov RI Ospina, Maria/C-5111-2012 NR 44 TC 26 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI PHILADELPHIA PA 615 CHESTNUT ST, 17TH FLOOR, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-4404 USA SN 1055-9965 J9 CANCER EPIDEM BIOMAR JI Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 16 IS 11 BP 2471 EP 2478 DI 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-06-1058 PG 8 WC Oncology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Oncology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 233XL UT WOS:000251123500042 PM 18006939 ER PT J AU Mkanta, WN Chumbler, NR Richardson, LC Kobb, RF AF Mkanta, William N. Chumbler, Neale R. Richardson, Lisa C. Kobb, Rita F. TI Age-related differences in quality of life in cancer patients - A pilot study of a cancer care coordination/home-telehealth program SO CANCER NURSING LA English DT Article DE care coordination; chemotherapy home telehealth; quality of life; symptom management ID BREAST-CANCER; LUNG-CANCER; ADJUVANT CHEMOTHERAPY; FUNCTIONAL ASSESSMENT; RECEIVING TREATMENT; SYMPTOM DISTRESS; FACT-G; OLDER; POPULATION; FATIGUE AB The cancer care dialogues model emphasizes daily telehealth interactions between patients and a care coordinator (a registered nurse serving as a liaison to the oncologist) to assist patients in the management of common chemotkerapy-related symptoms at home. We examined the impact of the dialogues on age-related differences in health-related qualityof life (HRQOL) among newlycliagnosed cancer patients receiving chemotherapy. We assessed HRQOL among 34 patients, including 15 older adults (65 years or older) and 19 younger adults who were followed for 6 months. Older patients consistently reported better HRQOL scores over the treatment period. In multivariate analysis, older patients reported 10.35 points higher in HRQOL (P =.007). In addition, patients who reported no nervousness while undergoing chemotherapy had an 8.60-point increase in HRQOL scores (P =.012). The dialogues model can make important improvement in symptom management and HRQOL, especially 'in older adults receiving chemotherapy. Older and younger adults with cancer may benefit equally in cancer treatment in a setting with appropriately managed symptoms. The dialogues model offers promising potential for promoting nurses' better understanding of both the patient needs as the patient receives treatment and innovative technologies in patient management. C1 Univ Florida, Dept Hlth Serv Res Management & Policy, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA. North Florida S Georgia Vet Hlth Syst, VAHSR&D RR&D Rehabilitat Outcomes Res Ctr, Gainesville, FL USA. Ctr Dis Control, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Canc Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. Vet Hlth Adm, Off Care Coordinat, Dept Vet Affairs, Washington, DC USA. RP Mkanta, WN (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Hlth Serv Res Management & Policy, POB 100185, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA. EM wnmkanta@phhp.ufl.edu NR 51 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 4 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0162-220X J9 CANCER NURS JI Cancer Nurs. PD NOV-DEC PY 2007 VL 30 IS 6 BP 434 EP 440 PG 7 WC Oncology; Nursing SC Oncology; Nursing GA 236CN UT WOS:000251280700004 PM 18025915 ER PT J AU Klevens, J Whitaker, DJ AF Klevens, Joanne Whitaker, Daniel J. TI Primary prevention of child physical abuse and neglect: Gaps and promising directions SO CHILD MALTREATMENT LA English DT Review DE child maltreatment; policy; prevention; research ID PARENT EDUCATION-PROGRAM; HOME VISITING PROGRAM; FOR-DISEASE-CONTROL; HIGH-RISK MOTHERS; RANDOMIZED-TRIAL; HEALTH-CARE; EARLY INTERVENTION; YOUNG-CHILDREN; FOLLOW-UP; AT-RISK AB Reviews on primary prevention have identified effective strategies to prevent child maltreatment but have ignored potentially promising interventions that have not yet been evaluated as well as gaps in the development of programs. The goal of this review was to identify these gaps and recommend future directions for developing interventions from a public health perspective. To this end, a systematic review of the literature for 1980-2004 utilizing existing databases and found 188 primary prevention interventions that addressed a broad range of risk factors was conducted. However, few had been rigorously evaluated, and only a handful demonstrated impact on child maltreatment or its risk factors. From a public health perspective, interventions that target prevalent and neglected risk factors such as poverty, partner violence, teenage pregnancy, and social norms tolerating violence toward children need to be developed and evaluated. In addition, more attention should be given to low cost interventions delivered to the public, by society, or that require minimal effort from recipients. C1 CDC, Div Violence Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Klevens, J (reprint author), CDC, Div Violence Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RI Whitaker, Daniel/C-1956-2009 NR 194 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 4 U2 17 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 1077-5595 J9 CHILD MALTREATMENT JI Child Maltreatment PD NOV PY 2007 VL 12 IS 4 BP 364 EP 377 DI 10.1177/1077559507305995 PG 14 WC Family Studies; Social Work SC Family Studies; Social Work GA 224XD UT WOS:000250480800006 PM 17954942 ER PT J AU Pappas, C Matsuoka, Y Swayne, DE Donis, RO AF Pappas, Claudia Matsuoka, Yumiko Swayne, David E. Donis, Ruben O. TI Development and evaluation of an influenza virus subtype H7N2 vaccine candidate for pandemic preparedness SO CLINICAL AND VACCINE IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID LIVE-BIRD MARKETS; A VIRUS; UNITED-STATES; BRITISH-COLUMBIA; COMMERCIAL POULTRY; H5N1 INFLUENZA; OUTBREAK; PATHOGENICITY; PENNSYLVANIA; STRAIN AB Influenza virus of the H7N2 subtype has been introduced into noncommercial poultry in the United States, and this probably resulted in incidents of transmission of H7N2 virus to humans, documented in 2002 and 2003. This virus could be considered a potential threat to public health if it acquired person-to-person transmissibility. A favored approach for global pandemic preparedness includes development of prepandemic vaccines for any potential pandemic virus. To this end, we created a high-growth reassortant virus (H7N2-PR8) containing the genes for the hemagglutinin and the neuraminidase from a low-pathogenicity (H7N2) virus strain and the remaining six genes from a human vaccine strain (H1N1). The reassortant strain was evaluated to assess its antigenicity, safety, and protective efficacy using a mouse model. Antigenicity studies using ferret antibodies raised against H7N2-PR8 indicated that this virus confers broad cross-reactivity with divergent H7 viruses of different years and lineages. Mice and chickens inoculated with high doses of H7N2-PR8 supported virus replication but survived, indicating that this virus is comparable to other avian viruses of low pathogenicity. To assess the protective efficacy of H7N2-PR8, mice were immunized with two doses of formalin-inactivated H7N2-PR8, alone or with alum. Vaccinated mice subsequently challenged with highly pathogenic viruses from homologous and heterologous lineages A/Canada/444/04 (H7N3) and A/Netherlands/219/03 (H7N7) showed pronounced reduction of wild-type virus replication. These studies indicate that H7N2-PR8 is immunogenic, safe, and protective in animal models; these are the essential attributes to qualify for phase I human clinical trials as a prepandemic vaccine. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. USDA, Agr Res Serv, SE Poultry Res Lab, Athens, GA USA. RP Donis, RO (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM rdonis@cdc.gov NR 36 TC 34 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 1556-6811 J9 CLIN VACCINE IMMUNOL JI Clin. Vaccine Immunol. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 14 IS 11 BP 1425 EP 1432 DI 10.1128/CVI.00174-07 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 233YI UT WOS:000251125800006 PM 17913860 ER PT J AU Helfand, RF Cabezas, C Abernathy, E Castillo-Solorzano, C Ortiz, AC Sun, H Osores, F Oliveira, L Whittembury, A Charles, M Andrus, J Icenogle, J AF Helfand, Rita F. Cabezas, Cesar Abernathy, Emily Castillo-Solorzano, Carlos Ortiz, Ana Cecilia Sun, Hong Osores, Fernando Oliveira, Lucia Whittembury, Alvaro Charles, Myrna Andrus, Jon Icenogle, Joe TI Dried blood spots versus sera for detection of rubella virus-specific immunoglobulin M (IgM) and IgG in samples collected during a rubella outbreak in Peru SO CLINICAL AND VACCINE IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID COMMERCIAL ENZYME-IMMUNOASSAY; MEASLES AB Most persons with rubella virus-specific immunoglobulin M (IgM)- or IgG-positive sera tested positive (98% [n = 178] and 99% [n = 221], respectively) using paired filter paper dried blood spot (DBS) samples, provided that DBS indeterminate results were called positive. For persons with IgM- or IgG-negative sera, 97% and 98%, respectively, were negative using DBS. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. Inst Nacl Peru, Ministerio Salud, Lima, Peru. Pan Amer Hlth Org, Washington, DC USA. Ministerio Salud, Lima, Peru. RP Helfand, RF (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM rzh7@cdc.gov NR 10 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 1556-6811 J9 CLIN VACCINE IMMUNOL JI Clin. Vaccine Immunol. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 14 IS 11 BP 1522 EP 1525 DI 10.1128/CVI.00144-07 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 233YI UT WOS:000251125800019 PM 17881506 ER PT J AU Gray, GC McCarthy, T Lebeck, MG Schnurr, DP Russell, KL Kajon, AE Landry, ML Leland, DS Storch, GA Ginocchio, CC Robinson, CC Demmler, GJ Saubolle, MA Kehl, SC Selvarangan, R Miller, MB Chappell, JD Zerr, DM Kiska, DL Halstead, DC Capuano, AW Setterquist, SF Chorazy, ML Dawson, JD Erdman, DD AF Gray, Gregory C. McCarthy, Troy Lebeck, Mark G. Schnurr, David P. Russell, Kevin L. Kajon, Adriana E. Landry, Marie L. Leland, Diane S. Storch, Gregory A. Ginocchio, Christine C. Robinson, Christine C. Demmler, Gail J. Saubolle, Michael A. Kehl, Sue C. Selvarangan, Rangaraj Miller, Melissa B. Chappell, James D. Zerr, Danielle M. Kiska, Deanna L. Halstead, Diane C. Capuano, Ana W. Setterquist, Sharon F. Chorazy, Margaret L. Dawson, Jeffrey D. Erdman, Dean D. TI Genotype prevalence and risk factors for severe clinical adenovirus infection, united states 2004-2006 SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID ACUTE RESPIRATORY ILLNESS; POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; VIRUS WATCH PROGRAM; MOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGY; MILITARY RECRUITS; GENOME TYPE; CONTINUING SURVEILLANCE; ENTERIC IMMUNIZATION; VIRAL INFECTIONS; TYPE-21 VACCINE AB Background. Recently, epidemiological and clinical data have revealed important changes with regard to clinical adenovirus infection, including alterations in antigenic presentation, geographical distribution, and virulence of the virus. Methods. In an effort to better understand the epidemiology of clinical adenovirus infection in the United States, we adopted a new molecular adenovirus typing technique to study clinical adenovirus isolates collected from 22 medical facilities over a 25- month period during 2004 - 2006. A hexon gene sequence typing method was used to characterize 2237 clinical adenovirus- positive specimens, comparing their sequences with those of the 51 currently recognized prototype human adenovirus strains. In a blinded comparison, this method performed well and was much faster than the classic serologic typing method. Results. Among civilians, the most prevalent adenovirus types were types 3 ( prevalence, 34.6%), 2 ( 24.3%), 1 ( 17.7%), and 5 ( 5.3%). Among military trainees, the most prevalent types were types 4 ( prevalence, 92.8%), 3 ( 2.6%), and 21 ( 2.4%). Conclusions. For both populations, we observed a statistically significant increasing trend of adenovirus type 21 detection over time. Among adenovirus isolates recovered from specimens from civilians, 50% were associated with hospitalization, 19.6% with a chronic disease condition, 11% with a bone marrow or solid organ transplantation, 7.4% with intensive care unit stay, and 4.2% with a cancer diagnosis. Multivariable risk factor modeling for adenovirus disease severity found that age ! 7 years ( odds ratio [ OR], 3.2; 95% confidence interval [ CI], 1.4 - 7.4), chronic disease ( OR, 3.6; 95% CI, 2.6 - 5.1), recent transplantation ( OR, 2.7; 95% CI, 1.3 - 5.2), and adenovirus type 5 ( OR, 2.7; 95% CI, 1.5 - 4.7) or type 21 infection ( OR, 7.6; 95% CI, 2.6 - 22.3) increased the risk of severe disease. C1 Univ Iowa, Coll Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Ctr Emerging Infect Dis, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. Univ Iowa, Coll Publ Hlth, Dept Biostat, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. Calif Dept Hlth Serv, Richmond, CA USA. Naval Hlth Res Ctr, Navy Resp Dis Lab, San Diego, CA USA. Lovelace Resp Res Inst, Albuquerque, NM USA. Yale New Haven Med Ctr, Dept Lab Med, Clin Virol Lab, New Haven, CT 06504 USA. Yale Univ, New Haven, CT USA. Indiana Univ, Sch Med, Indianapolis, IN 46204 USA. Clarian Hlth Partners, Indianapolis, IN USA. St Louis Childrens Hosp, St Louis, MO 63178 USA. Childrens Mercy Hosp, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Kansas City, MO 64108 USA. N Shore Univ Hosp, Manhasset, NY USA. N Shore Long Isl Jewish Hlth Syst Labs, Manhasset, NY USA. SUNY Upstate Med Univ, Dept Clin Pathol, Syracuse, NY USA. Childrens Hosp, Dept Pathol, Denver, CO 80218 USA. Baylor Coll Med, Dept Pediat, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Texas Childrens Hosp, Diagnost Virol Lab, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Lab Sci Arizona Sonora Quest Labs, Tempe, AZ USA. Med Coll Wisconsin, Dept Pathol, Milwaukee, WI 53226 USA. Univ N Carolina, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Chapel Hill, NC USA. Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pathol, Nashville, TN 37212 USA. Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Nashville, TN 37212 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Pediat, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Childrens Hosp & Med Ctr, Seattle, WA 98105 USA. Baptist Med Ctr, Infect Dis Labs, Jacksonville, FL USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Gray, GC (reprint author), Univ Iowa, Coll Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Ctr Emerging Infect Dis, 200 Hawkins Dr,Rm C21K GH, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. EM gregory-gray@uiowa.edu RI Valle, Ruben/A-7512-2013 FU NIAID NIH HHS [R01 AI053034, R01 AI053034-01A2] NR 56 TC 90 Z9 95 U1 1 U2 4 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD NOV 1 PY 2007 VL 45 IS 9 BP 1120 EP 1131 DI 10.1086/522188 PG 12 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 217BP UT WOS:000249923700002 PM 17918073 ER PT J AU Moore, MR O'Brien, K Nuorti, JP Hennessy, T AF Moore, Matthew R. O'Brien, Katherine Nuorti, J. Pekka Hennessy, Thomas TI Pitfalls in case-control studies of vaccine effectiveness SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Letter ID PNEUMOCOCCAL CONJUGATE VACCINE; EFFICACY; CHILDREN; DISEASE; TRIAL; SAFETY C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Resp Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Int Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Artic Invest Program, Anchorage, AK USA. RP Moore, MR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Resp Dis Branch, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS C-23, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM matt.moore@cdc.hhs.gov NR 10 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD NOV 1 PY 2007 VL 45 IS 9 BP 1241 EP 1242 DI 10.1086/523978 PG 2 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 217BP UT WOS:000249923700020 PM 17918092 ER PT J AU Tyagarajan, K Ashton, F Lam, L Nahas, C O'Gorman, NJ Liu, E Kaluoch, O Schmitz, JL Spira, TJ O'Gorman, M Sheppard, HW Mergia, A Fishwild, D O'Connell, B Harvey, J Rackham, D Baumgartner, T Lefebvre, R Thomae, M Bishop, D Ferrick, D Buchner, L AF Tyagarajan, Kamala Ashton, Faith Lam, Lee Nahas, Carlos O'Gorman, Nicholas J. Liu, Eileen Kaluoch, Okumu Schmitz, John L. Spira, Thomas J. O'Gorman, Maurice Sheppard, Haynes W. Mergia, Alemayehu Fishwild, Dianne O'Connell, Bernadette Harvey, Jeff Rackham, Don Baumgartner, Tina Lefebvre, Ray Thomae, Mya Bishop, David Ferrick, David Buchner, Leonard TI An in vitro diagnostic (IVD) assay for CD4 T-cell counting on the guava CD4(DX) system SO CYTOMETRY PART B-CLINICAL CYTOMETRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 22nd Annual Meeting of the Clinical-Cytometry-Society CY OCT 07-09, 2007 CL Washington, DC SP Clin Cytometry Soc C1 Guava Technol, Hayward, CA USA. UNC, UNC Ctr AIDS Res, Chapel Hill, NC USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. Calif Dept Hlth, Richmond, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI HOBOKEN PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 1552-4949 J9 CYTOM PART B-CLIN CY JI Cytom. Part B-Clin. Cytom. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 72B IS 6 MA 26 BP 491 EP 491 PG 1 WC Medical Laboratory Technology; Pathology SC Medical Laboratory Technology; Pathology GA 227LA UT WOS:000250657000034 ER PT J AU Hoerger, TJ Hicks, KA Sorensen, SW Herman, WH Ratner, RE Ackermann, RT Zhang, P Engelgau, MM AF Hoerger, Thomas J. Hicks, Katherine A. Sorensen, Stephen W. Herman, William H. Ratner, Robert E. Ackermann, Ronald T. Zhang, Ping Engelgau, Michael M. TI Cost-effectiveness of screening for pre-diabetes among overweight and obese US adults SO DIABETES CARE LA English DT Article ID IMPAIRED GLUCOSE-TOLERANCE; DIABETES PREVENTION PROGRAM; UNITED-KINGDOM; RISK ENGINE; TYPE-2; LIFE; METFORMIN; COMPLICATIONS; STRATEGIES; REDUCTION AB OBJECTIVE - To estimate the cost-effectiveness of screening over-weight and obese individuals for pre-diabetes and then modifying their lifestyle based on the Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS - A Markov simulation model was used to estimate disease progression, costs, and quality of life. Cost-effectiveness was evaluated from a health care system perspective. We considered two screening/treatment strategies for prediabetes. Strategy I included screening overweight subjects and giving them the lifestyle intervention included in the DPP if they were diagnosed with both impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and impaired fasting glucose (IFG). Strategy 2 included screening followed by lifestyle intervention for subjects diagnosed with either IGT or IFG or both. Each strategy was compared with a program of no screening. RESULTS - Screening for pre-diabetes and treating those identified as having both IGT and IFG with the DPP lifestyle intervention had a cost-effectiveness ratio of $8,181 per quality-adjusted life-year (QALY) relative to no screening. If treatment was also provided to subjects with only IGT or only IFG (strategy 2), the cost-effectiveness ratio increased to $9,511 per QALY. Changes in screening-related parameters had small effects on the cost-effectiveness ratios; the results were more sensitive to changes in intervention-related parameters. CONCLUSIONS - Screening for pre-diabetes in the overweight and obese U.S. population followed by the DPP lifestyle intervention has a relatively attractive cost-effectiveness ratio. C1 RTI Int, Ctr Excellence Hlth Promot Econ, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Diabet Translat, Atlanta, GA USA. Univ Michigan Hlth Syst, Dept Internal Med, Ann Arbor, MI USA. Univ Michigan Hlth Syst, Dept Epidemiol, Ann Arbor, MI USA. Univ Michigan Hlth Syst, Michigan Diabet Res & Traning Ctr, Ann Arbor, MI USA. MedStar Res Inst, Easton, PA USA. Indiana Univ, Sch Med, Dept Med, Indianapolis, IN USA. RP Hoerger, TJ (reprint author), RTI Int, Ctr Excellence Hlth Promot Econ, 3040 Cornwallis Rd,POB 12194, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM tjh@rti.org FU PHS HHS [200-2002-00776] NR 27 TC 55 Z9 55 U1 1 U2 10 PU AMER DIABETES ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1701 N BEAUREGARD ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22311-1717 USA SN 0149-5992 J9 DIABETES CARE JI Diabetes Care PD NOV PY 2007 VL 30 IS 11 BP 2874 EP 2879 DI 10.2337/dc07-0885 PG 6 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 228CI UT WOS:000250704300024 PM 17698614 ER PT J AU Boren, SA Gunlock, TL Schaefer, J Albright, A AF Boren, Suzanne Austin Gunlock, Tera L. Schaefer, Judith Albright, Ann TI Reducing risks in diabetes self-management - A systematic review of the literature SO DIABETES EDUCATOR LA English DT Review ID RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; GLYCEMIC CONTROL; AFRICAN-AMERICANS; HEALTH-EDUCATION; FACTORS RETARDS; FOOT PROBLEMS; CARE PROGRAM; MELLITUS; DISEASE; COMPLICATIONS AB Objective The purpose of this systematic review was to review published literature on risk-reducing interventions as part of diabetes self-management. Data Sources Medline (1990-2007), CINAHL (1990-2007), and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (first quarter 2007) databases were searched. Reference lists from included studies were reviewed to identify additional studies. Study Selection Intervention studies that addressed reducing risks to help prevent or minimize diabetes complications were included. Data Extraction Study design, sample characteristics, interventions, and outcomes were extracted. Data Synthesis Thirty-three studies, represented by 39 articles, met the criteria for inclusion and were classified as smoking cessation (n = 3), eye examination (n = 2), foot care (n = 10), oral health (n = 2), vaccination (n = 1), cardiovascular risk reduction (n = 9), and comprehensive risk reduction (n = 6). Only 46.3% of the 283 outcomes measured in the 33 studies were significantly improved. Conclusions Reducing risks involves implementing effective risk reduction behaviors to prevent or slow the progression of diabetes complications. Recognizing risk factors for complications and what constitutes optimal preventive care is an important part of managing diabetes. Intervention studies are lacking in some areas of reducing risks. Further studies are needed to test specific interventions to reduce the risks of diabetes complications. C1 Harry S Truman Mem Vet Hosp, Hlth Serv Res & Dev Program, Columbia, MO 65201 USA. Univ Missouri, Sch Med, Dept Hlth Management & Informat, Columbia, MO USA. Univ Missouri, Sch Med, Ctr Hlth Care Qual, Columbia, MO USA. Grp Hlth Cooperat Puget Sound, Ctr Hlth Studies, Seattle, WA 98101 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Diabet Translat, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Boren, SA (reprint author), Harry S Truman Mem Vet Hosp, Hlth Serv Res & Dev, 800 Hosp Dr, Columbia, MO 65201 USA. EM borens@health.missouri.edu RI Boren, Suzanne/M-6589-2014 OI Boren, Suzanne/0000-0003-4727-399X NR 65 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 1 U2 6 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0145-7217 J9 DIABETES EDUCATOR JI Diabetes Educ. PD NOV-DEC PY 2007 VL 33 IS 6 BP 1053 EP 1077 DI 10.1177/0145721707309809 PG 25 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 238LL UT WOS:000251449000013 PM 18057274 ER PT J AU Papp, JR Ahrens, K PhillipSa, C Kent, CK Philip, S Klausner, JD AF Papp, John R. Ahrens, Katherine PhillipSa, Christi Kent, Charlotte K. Philip, Susan Klausner, Jeffrey D. TI The use and performance of oral-throat rinses to detect pharyngeal Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia trachomatis infections SO DIAGNOSTIC MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASE LA English DT Article DE Chlamydia trachomatis; Neisseria gonorrhoeae; pharynx; detection ID SEXUALLY-TRANSMITTED-DISEASES; LIGASE CHAIN-REACTION; NONGONOCOCCAL URETHRITIS; GONOCOCCAL-INFECTION; SEX; MEN; SAMPLES; FELLATIO; PCR AB Gonococcal and chlamydial infections in the pharynx can occur as a consequence of oral sex. Currently, diagnosis of these infections typically requires a swab specimen to be collected from the posterior pharynx. However, we assessed the diagnostic adequacy of using commercial mouthwash or water as an oral-throat rinse and subsequent testing with a nucleic acid amplification test (Gen-Probe APTIMA Combo 2 assay; Gen-Probe, San Diego, CA). Mouthwash and water samples, spiked with varying amounts of gonorrhea and chlamydia, remained positive for both organisms for up to 2 weeks after storage at room temperature and 37 degrees C. A clinical trial compared the test performance of oral-throat rinses to pharyngeal swabs among 561 (250 mouthwash, 311 water) gay and other men who have sex with men. Participants were also surveyed to assess the acceptability, preference, and feasibility of oral-throat rinses in a clinical setting. The prevalence of pharyngeal gonorrhea and chlamydia were 9.5% (53/556) and 1.4% (8/561), respectively. Compared with the pharyngeal swab, mouthwash oral-throat rinses had a sensitivity and specificity for the detection of gonorrhea of 72% and 99.1%, respectively, whereas water had 82% and 99.7%, respectively. Chlamydia prevalence was too low for reliable assessments of test performance. Study participants found oral-throat rinses acceptable, preferable, and feasible when compared with pharyngeal swabs. Further study is needed to investigate discordant results and improve the sensitivity of oral-throat rinses. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 Ctr Dis Control, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. San Francisco Dept Publ Hlth, San Francisco, CA 94103 USA. RP Papp, JR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM jwp6@cdc.gov NR 25 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0732-8893 J9 DIAGN MICR INFEC DIS JI Diagn. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 59 IS 3 BP 259 EP 264 DI 10.1016/j.diaginicrobio.2007.05.010 PG 6 WC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 233XB UT WOS:000251122500004 PM 17662554 ER PT J AU Hunt, RC AF Hunt, Richard C. TI Untitled SO DISASTER MEDICINE AND PUBLIC HEALTH PREPAREDNESS LA English DT Letter C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Injury Response, Injury Ctr, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Hunt, RC (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Injury Response, Injury Ctr, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610-0946 USA SN 1935-7893 J9 DISASTER MED PUBLIC JI Dis. Med. Public Health Prep. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 1 IS 2 BP 71 EP 72 DI 10.1097/DMP.0b013e31815925b0 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA V11DU UT WOS:000207513100006 PM 18388628 ER PT J AU Bailey, SL Ouellet, LJ Mackesy-Amiti, ME Golub, ET Hagan, H Hudson, SM Latka, MH Gao, W Garfein, RS AF Bailey, Susan L. Ouellet, Lawrence J. Mackesy-Amiti, Mary Ellen Golub, Elizabeth T. Hagan, Holly Hudson, Sharon M. Latka, Mary H. Gao, Weihua Garfein, Richard S. CA DUIT Study Team TI Perceived risk, peer influences, and injection partner type predict receptive syringe sharing among young adult injection drug users in five US cities SO DRUG AND ALCOHOL DEPENDENCE LA English DT Review DE injection drug used; needle sharing; longitudinal; behavioral intervention; young adults; adolescent ID NEEDLE EXCHANGE PROGRAM; SOCIAL NETWORK MEMBERS; CHILD SEXUAL-ABUSE; HIV-RISK; SHOOTING GALLERIES; HARM REDUCTION; NEW-YORK; PSYCHIATRIC COMORBIDITY; GENDER-DIFFERENCES; SAN-FRANCISCO AB Objectives: This study examined risk factors for receptive syringe sharing (RSS) during illicit drug injection by persons 15-30 years old in five U.S. cities. Methods: Participants were recruited through street outreach and respondent-driven referrals in Baltimore, Chicago, Los Angeles, New York, and Seattle between May 2002 and January 2004. Surveys of drug use, sexual behaviors, and correlates were administered through audio computerassisted self-interviews at baseline and, for the subset of participants who enrolled in ail HIV/HCV prevention intervention trial, at 3-months and 6-months post-baseline. The proportions of injections involving RSS at baseline and at follow-up were used as outcomes in multivariate models that adjusted for intervention effects. Results: At baseline, 54% of 3128 participants reported RSS in the past 3 months. RSS decreased to 21% at 6-months post-baseline for the combined trial arms. Participants were more likely to report RSS if they perceived that their peers were not against RSS and if they injected with sex partners. Lower levels of perceived risk of infection with HIV (baseline, p <.001) or HCV (follow-up, to <.00 1) through RSS were also significant predictors of greater RSS. Conclusions: Perceived risks, peer influences, and type of injection partner were robust predictors of RSS. Perceived risks and peer influences are particularly amenable to intervention efforts that may prevent RSS in this age group. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Illinois, Sch Publ Hlth, Div Epidemiol & Biostat, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. Natl Dev & Res Inst, Ctr Drug Use & HIV Res, New York, NY USA. Hlth Res Assoc, Los Angeles, CA USA. New York Acad Med, Ctr Urban Epidemiol Studies, New York, NY USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV STD & TB Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Ouellet, LJ (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Sch Publ Hlth, Div Epidemiol & Biostat, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. EM ljo@uic.edu RI Mackesy-Amiti, Mary/B-7208-2008; OI Mackesy-Amiti, Mary/0000-0002-7238-5240 FU PHS HHS [U64 CCU217659, U64/CCU017615, U64/CCU317662, U64/CCU517656, U64/CCU917655] NR 104 TC 41 Z9 41 U1 4 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0376-8716 J9 DRUG ALCOHOL DEPEN JI Drug Alcohol Depend. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 91 SU 1 BP S18 EP S29 DI 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2007.02.014 PG 12 WC Substance Abuse; Psychiatry SC Substance Abuse; Psychiatry GA 225HX UT WOS:000250508800003 PM 17434267 ER PT J AU Campbell, JV Garfein, RS Thiede, H Hagan, H Ouellete, LJ Golub, ET Hudson, SM Ompad, DC Weinbaum, C AF Campbell, Jennifer V. Garfein, Richard S. Thiede, Hanne Hagan, Holly Ouellete, Larry J. Golub, Elizabeth T. Hudson, Sharon M. Ompad, Danielle C. Weinbaum, Cindy CA DUIT Study Team TI Convenience is the key to hepatitis A and B vaccination uptake among young adult injection drug users SO DRUG AND ALCOHOL DEPENDENCE LA English DT Article DE vaccination; hepatitis B virus; hepatitis A virus; injection drug use ID SYRINGE EXCHANGE; VIRUS-INFECTION; SAN-FRANCISCO; RISK-FACTORS; NEEDLE-EXCHANGE; UNITED-STATES; ADHERENCE; SEROPREVALENCE; OPPORTUNITIES; EPIDEMIOLOGY AB Background: Despite CDC recommendations to vaccinate injection drug users (IDUs) against hepatitis A virus (HAV) and hepatitis B virus (HBV) infections, coverage remains low. Vaccination programs convenient to IDUs have not been widely implemented or evaluated. We assessed whether convenience and monetary incentives influenced uptake of free vaccine by 18-30-year-old IDUs in five U.S. cities. Methods: IDUs recruited from community settings completed risk behavior self-interviews and testing for antibodies to HAV (anti-HAV) and hepatitis B core antigen (anti-HBc). Vaccine was offered presumptively at pre-test (except in Chicago); on-site availability and incentives for vaccination differed by site, creating a quasi -experimental design. Results: Of 3181 participants, anti-HAV and anti-HBc seroprevalence was 19% and 23%, respectively. Although 83% of participants were willing to be vaccinated, only 36% received >= I dose, which varied by site: Baltimore (83%), Seattle (33%), Los Angeles (18%), New York (17%), and Chicago (2%). Participation was highest when vaccine was available immediately on-site and lowest when offered only after receiving results. Monetary incentives may have increased participation when on-site vaccination was not available. Conclusion: IDUs were willing to be vaccinated but immediate, on-site availability was critical for uptake. Convenience should be a key consideration in designing strategies to increase vaccine coverage among IDUs. (C) 2007 Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd. C1 Publ Hlth Seattle & King Cty, HIV AIDS Epidemiol Program, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. Univ Calif San Diego, Div Int Hlth & Cross Cultural Med, San Diego, CA 92093 USA. Natl Dev & Res Inst, Ctr Drug Use & HIV Res, New York, NY 10010 USA. Univ Illinois, Sch Publ Hlth, Community Outreach Intervent Projects, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. Hlth Res Assoc, Los Angeles, CA 90038 USA. New York Acad Med, Ctr Urban Epidemiol Studies, New York, NY 10029 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Campbell, JV (reprint author), Publ Hlth Seattle & King Cty, HIV AIDS Epidemiol Program, 400 Yesler Way 3rd Floor, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. EM jenverncamp@hotmail.com RI Ompad, Danielle/F-3163-2013 OI Ompad, Danielle/0000-0003-0240-0393 FU PHS HHS [U64/CCU017615, U64/CCU317662, U64/CCU517656, U64/CCU917655, U64 CCU217659] NR 51 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 2 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0376-8716 J9 DRUG ALCOHOL DEPEN JI Drug Alcohol Depend. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 91 SU 1 BP S64 EP S72 DI 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2006.09.022 PG 9 WC Substance Abuse; Psychiatry SC Substance Abuse; Psychiatry GA 225HX UT WOS:000250508800008 PM 17276018 ER PT J AU Garfein, RS Swartzendruber, A Ouellet, LJ Kapadia, F Hudson, SM Thiede, H Strathdee, SA Williams, IT Bailey, SL Hagan, H Golub, ET Kerndt, P Hanson, DL Latka, MH AF Garfein, Richard S. Swartzendruber, Andrea Ouellet, Lawrence J. Kapadia, Farzana Hudson, Sharon M. Thiede, Hanne Strathdee, Steffanie A. Williams, Ian T. Bailey, Susan L. Hagan, Holly Golub, Elizabeth T. Kerndt, Peter Hanson, Debra L. Latka, Mary H. CA Team, DS TI Methods to recruit and retain a cohort of young-adult injection drug users for the third collaborative injection drug users study/drug users intervention trial (CIDUS III/DUIT) SO DRUG AND ALCOHOL DEPENDENCE LA English DT Article DE HIV prevalence; HCV prevalence; injection drug use; behavioral intervention; randomized controlled trial; cohort ID HEPATITIS-C VIRUS; HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; SEXUAL TRANSMISSION; HIV-INFECTION; RISK BEHAVIOR; SAN-FRANCISCO; PREVENTION; PREVALENCE; INITIATION AB Background: New injection drug users (IDUs) are at high risk for blood-borne viral infections. Given U.S. policy to only fund proven-effective HIV prevention interventions, insights into conducting intervention trials among young IDUs are provided here by describing methods and participants' characteristics in the CIDUS III/DUIT study. Methods: In 2002-2004, 15-30-year-old IDUs in Baltimore, Chicago, Los Angeles, New York, and Seattle were recruited through community outreach, advertising and coupon-based participant referrals. Baseline interviews assessed sociodemographics, injection, and sexual behaviors. Antibody tests for HIV and hepatitis A, B, and C viruses (HAV, HBV, and HCV) were conducted. IDUs who were HIV and HCV antibody negative at baseline were eligible to participate in a randomized controlled HIV/HCV prevention trial. Follow-up assessments were conducted 3 and 6 months ost-intervention. Data were analyzed to identify participant differences at baseline by city, trial enrollment, and trial retention. Results: Baseline assessments were completed by 3285 IDUs. Participants were mean age 23.8 years, 69% male, 64% White, 17% Hispanic, and 8% Black. Seroprevalence of HIV, HCV, HBV, and HAV antibodies were 2.9, 34.4, 22.4, and 19.3%, respectively. Of the 2062 (62.7%) baseline participants who were HIV and HCV antibody negative, 859 (41.7%) were randomized. At least one follow-up assessment was completed by 712 (83%) randomized participants. Contextual factors, primarily homelessness, were associated with lower enrollment and retention. Conclusions: Recruitment and retention of young-adult IDUs for complex intervention trials is complicated, yet feasible. Risk behaviors among participants enrolling in and completing the trial reflected those eligible to enroll. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd. C1 Univ Calif San Diego, Sch Med, Dept Family & Prevent Med, Div Int Hlth & Cross Cultural Med, San Diego, CA 92093 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. Univ Illinois, Sch Publ Hlth Epidemiol & Biostat, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. New York Acad Med, Ctr Urban Epidemiol Studies, New York, NY 10029 USA. Hlth Res Assoc, Hollywood, CA 90038 USA. HIV AIDS Epidemiol Program, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. Natl Dev Res Inst, New York, NY 10010 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. RP Garfein, RS (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Sch Med, Dept Family & Prevent Med, Div Int Hlth & Cross Cultural Med, 9500 Gilman Dr,Mailcode 0622, San Diego, CA 92093 USA. EM rgarfein@ucsd.edu RI Strathdee, Steffanie/B-9042-2009 FU PHS HHS [U64/CCU317662, U64/CCU017615, U64/CCU517656, U64/CCU917655, U64 CCU217659] NR 52 TC 43 Z9 43 U1 4 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0376-8716 J9 DRUG ALCOHOL DEPEN JI Drug Alcohol Depend. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 91 SU 1 BP S4 EP S17 DI 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2007.05.007 PG 14 WC Substance Abuse; Psychiatry SC Substance Abuse; Psychiatry GA 225HX UT WOS:000250508800002 PM 17582705 ER PT J AU Golub, ET Strathdee, SA Bailey, SL Hagan, H Latka, MH Hudson, SM Garfein, RS AF Golub, Elizabeth T. Strathdee, Steffanie A. Bailey, Susan L. Hagan, Holly Latka, Mary H. Hudson, Sharon M. Garfein, Richard S. CA DUIT Study Team TI Distributive syringe sharing among young adult injection drug users in five US cities SO DRUG AND ALCOHOL DEPENDENCE LA English DT Article DE injection drug user; distributive syringe sharing; HCV; HIV; epidemiology; needle/syringe sharing; peer norms ID C VIRUS-INFECTION; HEPATITIS-C; RISK BEHAVIORS; GENDER-DIFFERENCES; EXCHANGE PROGRAMS; NEEDLE EXCHANGE; SAN-FRANCISCO; HIV RISK; PREDICTORS; PREVENTION AB Blood-borne pathogens such as human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) are transmitted most commonly among 4 injection drug users (IDUs) through the sharing of needles and syringes. Distributive s ringe sharing (DSS) (i.e., passing on a used needle/syringe y to another IDU) poses the potential risk of transmitting HIV and viral hepatitis to others. We studied the prevalence and correlates of DSS among IDUs enrolled in a randomized behavioral intervention trial designed to reduce behaviors associated with HIV and HCV transmission in five U.S. cities. Among 3129 IDUs ages 15-30 years who completed the baseline visit, 1432 (45.8%) engaged in DSS during the 3 months prior to baseline. Significant correlates of DSS were perception that peer norms condone needle sharing, frequent injection, not obtaining most syringes from needle exchange programs or pharmacies, injecting most frequently in shooting galleries and with sex partners, low perceived risk of HIV from sharing syringes, increased anxiety, low self-esteem, and having unprotected sex. Restricting to only those IDUs who reported not injecting with previously used syringes, similar independent correlates of DSS were found. These findings suggest that interventions to reduce ongoing transmission of blood-borne infections should focus on altering peer norms among networks of young IDUs. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Baltimore, MD 21117 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Family & Prevent Med, Div Int Hlth & Cross Cultural Med, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Univ Illinois, Sch Publ Hlth, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. Natl Dev & Res Inst, Ctr Drug Use & HIV Res, New York, NY 10010 USA. New York Acad Med, Ctr Urban Epidemiol Studies, New York, NY 10029 USA. Hlth Res Assoc, Hollywood, CA 90038 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Golub, ET (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, 615 N Wolfe St,Room E-7137, Baltimore, MD 21117 USA. EM egolub@jhsph.edu RI Strathdee, Steffanie/B-9042-2009 FU PHS HHS [U64/CCU017615, U64/CCU217659, U64/CCU317662, U64/CCU517656, U64/CCU917655] NR 42 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 3 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0376-8716 J9 DRUG ALCOHOL DEPEN JI Drug Alcohol Depend. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 91 SU 1 BP S30 EP S38 DI 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2007.02.013 PG 9 WC Substance Abuse; Psychiatry SC Substance Abuse; Psychiatry GA 225HX UT WOS:000250508800004 PM 17398039 ER PT J AU Kapadia, F Latka, MH Hudson, SM Golub, ET Campbell, JV Bailey, S Frye, V Garfein, RS AF Kapadia, F. Latka, M. H. Hudson, S. M. Golub, E. T. Campbell, J. V. Bailey, S. Frye, V. Garfein, R. S. CA DUIT Study Team TI Correlates of consistent condom use with main partners by partnership patterns among young adult male injection drug users from five US cities SO DRUG AND ALCOHOL DEPENDENCE LA English DT Article DE heterosexual males; condom use; sexual risk behaviors; injection drug users ID HIV PREVENTION INTERVENTIONS; RISK BEHAVIORS; SEX PARTNERS; CRACK SMOKERS; UNITED-STATES; WOMEN; INFECTION; MEN; PREDICTORS; TRANSMISSION AB This paper examined correlates of consistent condom use with a main partner among heterosexual male injection drug users (IDUs). Using data from a multi-site sample of young IDUs. we identified 1770 sexually active men of whom 24% (429/1770) reported an exclusive main female sex partner and 49% (862/1770) reported both main and casual female sex partners. Consistent condom use with a main partner was low among men with an exclusive main partner and those with multiple partners (12% and 17%, respectively). In multivariate analysis, consistent condom use with a main partner across partnership patterns was directly associated with anticipating a positive response to requests for condom use and by partner support of condom use; consistent condom use was inversely associated with a main partner's pregnancy desires. Among men with an exclusive main partner, consistent condom use was also inversely associated with needle sharing with a main partner. Among men with multiple partners, consistent condom use with a main partner was inversely associated with injecting with a used needle and intimate partner violence. The low prevalence of consistent condom use with main female partners among heterosexually active male IDUs indicates an increased risk for HIV transmission between men and their primary sex partners. Interventions for heterosexual males that are geared toward increasing condom use in primary relationships are warranted. (C) 2007 Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd. C1 New York Acad Med, Ctr Urban Epidemiol Studies, New York, NY 10029 USA. Hlth Res Assoc, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. Publ Hlth Seattle & King Cty, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. Univ Illinois, Sch Publ Hlth, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30017 USA. RP Kapadia, F (reprint author), Alan Guttmacher Inst, 120 Wall St,21st Floor, New York, NY 10005 USA. EM fkapadia@guttmacher.org FU PHS HHS [U64/CCU317662, U64/CCU017615, U64/CCU917655, U64 CCU217659, U64/CCU517656] NR 45 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 3 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0376-8716 J9 DRUG ALCOHOL DEPEN JI Drug Alcohol Depend. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 91 SU 1 BP S56 EP S63 DI 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2007.01.004 PG 8 WC Substance Abuse; Psychiatry SC Substance Abuse; Psychiatry GA 225HX UT WOS:000250508800007 PM 17329041 ER PT J AU Purcell, DW Garfein, RS Latka, MH Thiede, H Hudson, S Bonner, S Golub, ET Ouellet, LJ AF Purcell, David W. Garfein, Richard S. Latka, Mary H. Thiede, Hanne Hudson, Sharon Bonner, Sebastian Golub, Elizabeth T. Ouellet, Lawrence J. CA DUIT Study Team TI Development, description, and acceptability of a small-group, behavioral intervention to prevent HIV and hepatitis C virus Infections among young adult injection drug users SO DRUG AND ALCOHOL DEPENDENCE LA English DT Article DE HIV prevention intervention; intervention development; behavioral risk reduction; injection drug use; HCV prevention intervention ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; SEXUAL TRANSMISSION; RISK BEHAVIOR; BLOOMS TAXONOMY; REDUCTION; SEROCONVERSION; PREVALENCE; BALTIMORE; EQUIPMENT AB Young injection drug users (IDUs) who are not infected with HIV or hepatitis C virus are at great risk of acquiring one or both of these infections through their sexual or injection behaviors. We describe the development of a behavioral intervention designed to decrease sexual and injection risk behaviors among young IDUs. The intervention was developed through a dynamic and iterative process that involved extensive development activities, focus groups with the target population to pilot individual activities and intervention sessions, and later, pilot testing of the entire intervention. The six-session intervention that emerged from the development process relied on both social-cognitive theories and peer influence models. We also designed a control intervention, trained facilitators to deliver the interventions, and conducted quality assurance of intervention delivery. To better understand intervention trial findings, we asked participants about their intervention experiences and examined potential contamination across arms. Both interventions were delivered with high fidelity and participants in both groups reported positive experiences. More perceived impact was reported for injection risk behaviors than for sexual risk behaviors among participants in the intervention arm. Minimal evidence of contamination was found. Lessons learned can help future researchers to develop stronger interventions for this high-need population. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. New York Acad Med, Ctr Urban Epidemiol Studies, New York, NY 10029 USA. Publ Hlth Seattle & King Cty, HIV AIDS Epidemiol Program, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. Hlth Res Assoc, Hollywood, CA 90038 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. Univ Illinois, Sch Publ Hlth Epidemiol & Biostat, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. RP Purcell, DW (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E-37, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM dpurcell@cdc.gov OI Purcell, David/0000-0001-8125-5168 FU PHS HHS [U64/CCU317662, U64/CCU017615, U64/CCU917655, U64/CCU517656, U64/CCU217659] NR 44 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0376-8716 J9 DRUG ALCOHOL DEPEN JI Drug Alcohol Depend. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 91 SU 1 BP S73 EP S80 DI 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2007.03.004 PG 8 WC Substance Abuse; Psychiatry SC Substance Abuse; Psychiatry GA 225HX UT WOS:000250508800009 PM 17466465 ER PT J AU Thiede, H Hagan, H Campbell, JV Strathdee, SA Bailey, SL Hudson, SM Kapadia, F Garfein, RS AF Thiede, Hanne Hagan, Holly Campbell, Jennifer V. Strathdee, Steffanie A. Bailey, Susan L. Hudson, Sharon M. Kapadia, Farzana Garfein, Richard S. CA DUIT Study Team TI Prevalence and correlates of indirect sharing practices among young adult injection drug users in five US cities SO DRUG AND ALCOHOL DEPENDENCE LA English DT Article DE young injection drug users; indirect sharing; risk behaviors ID C VIRUS-INFECTION; HIV RISK BEHAVIORS; HEPATITIS-C; REDUCTION; EQUIPMENT; KNOWLEDGE; SEROPREVALENCE; SEROCONVERSION; BALTIMORE; NETWORKS AB Background: Sharing of drug paraphernalia to prepare, measure and divide drugs for injection remains an important residual risk factor for hepatitis C and other blood-borne infections among injection drug users (IDUs) especially as sharing of syringes for injection decreases. Methods: We analyzed data from five U.S. cities to determine the prevalence and independent correlates of non-syringe paraphernalia-sharing (NSPS) and syringe-mediated drug-splitting (SMDS) among 15-30-year-old IDUs who reported not injecting with others' used syringes (receptive syringe-sharing, RSS). Results: NSPS was reported by 54% of IDUs who did not practice RSS and was independently associated (p < 0.05) with having 15 injection partners, injecting with sex partners or regular injection partners, injecting in shooting galleries, peers' sharing behaviors, lower self-efficacy for avoiding NSPS, and less knowledge of HIV and HCV transmission. SMDS was reported by 26% of IDUs who did not practice RSS, and was independently associated with having :5 injection partners, injecting in shooting galleries, and inversely associated with unknown HIV status. Conclusions: NSPS and SMDS were common among young adult IDUs. Increased efforts to prevent these risky practices should address social and environmental contexts of injection and incorporate knowledge and skills building, self-efficacy, and peer norms. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 HIV AIDS Epidemiol Program, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. Natl Dev & Res Inst, New York, NY 10010 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. Univ Illinois, Sch Publ Hlth Epidemiol & Biostat, Chicago, IL 60612 USA. Hlth Res Assoc, Hollywood, CA 90038 USA. New York Acad Med, Ctr Urban Epidemiol Studies, New York, NY 10029 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Thiede, H (reprint author), HIV AIDS Epidemiol Program, 400 Yesler Way,3rd Floor, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. EM hanne.thiede@metrokc.gov RI Strathdee, Steffanie/B-9042-2009 FU PHS HHS [U64/CCU317662, U64/CCU217659, U64/CCU017615, U64/CCU517656, U64/CCU917655] NR 46 TC 44 Z9 44 U1 3 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0376-8716 J9 DRUG ALCOHOL DEPEN JI Drug Alcohol Depend. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 91 SU 1 BP S39 EP S47 DI 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2007.03.001 PG 9 WC Substance Abuse; Psychiatry SC Substance Abuse; Psychiatry GA 225HX UT WOS:000250508800005 PM 17466464 ER PT J AU Hochberg, NS Park, SY Blackburn, BG Sejvar, JJ Gaynort, K Chung, H Leniek, K Herwaldt, BL Effler, PV AF Hochberg, Natasha S. Park, Sarah Y. Blackburn, Brian G. Sejvar, James J. Gaynort, Kate Chung, Heath Leniek, Karyn Herwaldt, Barbara L. Effler, Paul V. TI Distribution of eosinophilic meningitis cases attributable to Angiostrongylus cantonensis, Hawaii SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID EATING RAW SNAILS; CEREBROSPINAL-FLUID; SOUTHERN TAIWAN; ETIOLOGIC ROLE; OUTBREAK; RATS; MENINGOENCEPHALITIS; THAILAND; JAMAICA; CHILD AB During November 2004-January 2005, 5 cases of eosinophilic meningitis (EM) attributable to Angiostrongylus cantonensis infection were reported in Hawaii. To determine if this temporal clustering reflected an increased incidence, we ascertained EM and A. cantonensis cases by systematic review of statewide laboratory and medical records for January 2001-February 2005 and generalized the data to population estimates. We identified 83 EM cases; 24 (29%) were attributed to A. cantonensis infection, which was included in the discharge diagnoses for only 2 cases. Comparison of A. cantonensis infection incidence rates (per 100,000 person-years) for the baseline (January 2001-October 2004) and cluster (November 2004-February 2005) periods showed statistically significant increases for the state as a whole (0.3 vs. 2.1), the Big Island of Hawaii (1.1 vs. 7.4), and Maui County (0.4 vs. 4.3). These findings underscore the need to consider the diagnosis of A. cantonensis infection, especially in the state of Hawaii. C1 CDC, Div Parasit Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. Hawaii State Dept Hlth, Honolulu, HI USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Honolulu, HI USA. Univ Hawaii, Sch Med, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. RP Hochberg, NS (reprint author), Emory Univ, Div Infect Dis, 69 Jesse Hill Jr Dr SE, Atlanta, GA 30303 USA. EM natasha_hochberg@post.harvard.edu NR 39 TC 25 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 7 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD NOV PY 2007 VL 13 IS 11 BP 1675 EP 1680 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 230FB UT WOS:000250860500008 PM 18217550 ER PT J AU Whichard, JM Gay, K Stevenson, JE Joyce, KJ Cooper, KL Omondi, M Medalla, F Jacoby, GA Barrett, TJ AF Whichard, Jean M. Gay, Kathryn Stevenson, Jennifer E. Joyce, Kevin J. Cooper, Kara L. Omondi, Michael Medalla, Felicita Jacoby, George A. Barrett, Timothy J. TI Human salmonella and concurrent decreased susceptibility to Quinolones and extended-spectrum Cephalosporins SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID AMPC BETA-LACTAMASE; RESISTANT SALMONELLA; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; ANTIBIOTIC-RESISTANCE; UNITED-STATES; KLEBSIELLA-PNEUMONIAE; MULTIDRUG-RESISTANT; RAPID DETECTION; ENTERICA; CIPROFLOXACIN AB The National Antimicrobial Resistance Monitoring System monitors susceptibility among Enterobacteriaceae in humans in the United States. We studied isolates exhibiting decreased susceptibility to quinolones (nalidixic acid MIC >= 32 mu g/mL or ciprofloxacin MIC >= 0.12 mu g/mL) and extended-spectrum cephalosporins (ceftiofur or ceftriaxone MIC >= 2 mu g/mL) during 1996-2004. Of non-Typhi Salmonella, 0.19% (27/14,043) met these criteria: 11 Senftenberg; 6 Typhimurium; 3 Newport; 2 Enteridis; and 1 each Agona, Haifa Mbandaka, Saintpaul, and Uganda. Twenty-six isolates ha gyrA mutations (11 at codon 83 only, 3 at codon 87 only, 12 at both). All Senftenberg isolates had parC mutations (S80I and T57S); 6 others had the T57S mutation. The Mbandaka isolate contained qnrB2. Eight isolates contained bla(CMY-2); 1 Senftenberg contained bla(CMY-23). One Senftenberg and 1Typhimurium isolate contained bla(SHV-12); the Mbandaka isolate contained bla(SHV-30). Nine Senftenberg isolates contained bla(OXA-1); 1 contained bla(OxA-9). Further studies should address patient outcomes, risk factors, and resistance dissemination prevention strategies. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. Lahey Clin Fdn, Burlington, MA USA. CDC, NARMS, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Whichard, JM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mailstop G29,1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM zyr3@cdc.gov FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI43312, R01 AI043312] NR 40 TC 51 Z9 57 U1 0 U2 1 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD NOV PY 2007 VL 13 IS 11 BP 1681 EP 1688 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 230FB UT WOS:000250860500009 PM 18217551 ER PT J AU Cohen, AL Shuler, C McAllister, S Fosheim, GE Brown, MG Abercrombie, D Anderson, K McDougal, LK Drenzek, C Arnold, K Jernigan, D Gorwitz, R AF Cohen, Adam L. Shuler, Carrie McAllister, Sigrid Fosheim, Gregory E. Brown, Michael G. Abercrombie, Debra Anderson, Karen McDougal, Linda K. Drenzek, Cherie Arnold, Katie Jernigan, Daniel Gorwitz, Rachel TI Methamphetamine use and methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus skin infections SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID SOFT-TISSUE INFECTIONS; UNITED-STATES; RISK-FACTORS; DRUG-USERS; OUTBREAK; COMMUNITIES; DISEASE; SEX AB Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections and methamphetamine use are emerging public health problems. We conducted a case-control investigation to determine risk factors for MRSA skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs) in residents of a largely rural southeastern community in the United States. Case-patients were persons >12 years old who had culturable SSTIs; controls had no SSTIs. Of 119 SSTIs identified, 81 (68.1%) were caused by MRSA. Methamphetamine use was reported in 9.9% of case-patients and 1.8% of controls. After we adjusted for age, sex, and race, patients with MRSA SSTIs were more likely than controls to have recently used methamphetamine (odds ratio 5.10, 95% confidence interval 1.55-16.79). MRSA caused most SSTIs in this population. Transmission of MRSA may be occurring among methamphetamine users in this community. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Resp Dis Branch, Div Bacterial Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. Georgia Div Publ hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. Kennestone Hosp, Marietta, GA USA. RP Cohen, AL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Resp Dis Branch, Div Bacterial Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop C23, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM alcohen1@cdc.gov NR 30 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 0 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD NOV PY 2007 VL 13 IS 11 BP 1707 EP 1713 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 230FB UT WOS:000250860500013 PM 18217555 ER PT J AU Albuquerque, MCM Rocha, LN Benati, FJ Soares, CC Maranhao, AG Ramirez, ML Erdman, D Santos, N AF Albuquerque, Maria Carolina M. Rocha, Ludmila N. Benati, Fabricio Jos Soares, Caroline C. Maranhao, Adriana G. Ramirez, Maria Liz Erdman, Dean Santos, Norma TI Human bocavirus infection in children with gatroenteritis, Brazil SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID YOUNG-CHILDREN; PARVOVIRUS; DIARRHEA; ETIOLOGY; VIRUS AB Human bocavirus (HBoV) was detected in 14 (2%) of 705 fecal specimens from Brazilian children with gastroenteritis. Coinfection with rotavirus, adenovirus, or norovirus was found in 3 (21.4%) HBoV-positive specimens. None of the HBoV-positive patients had respiratory symptoms. C1 Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, Dept Virol, Inst Microbiol, BR-21941590 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Santos, N (reprint author), Univ Fed Rio de Janeiro, Dept Virol, Inst Microbiol, Cidade Univ,CCS B1,1 Ilha Fundao, BR-21941590 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. EM nsantos@micro.ufrj.br RI Santos, Norma/H-6986-2015 OI Santos, Norma/0000-0002-5123-9172 NR 14 TC 67 Z9 76 U1 0 U2 2 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD NOV PY 2007 VL 13 IS 11 BP 1756 EP 1758 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 230FB UT WOS:000250860500022 PM 18217564 ER PT J AU Estripeaut, D Aranrlburu, MG Saez-Llorens, X Thompson, HA Dasch, GA Paddock, CD Zaki, S Eremeeva, ME AF Estripeaut, Dora Aranrlburu, Maria Gabriela Saez-Llorens, Xavier Thompson, Herbert A. Dasch, Gregory A. Paddock, Christopher D. Zaki, Sherif Eremeeva, Marina E. TI Rocky mountain spotted fever, Panama SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID RICKETTSIA-AMBLYOMMII; TICKS; STATE AB We describe a fatal pediatric case of Rocky Mountain spotted fever in Panama, the first, to our knowledge, since the 1950s. Diagnosis was established by immunohistochemistry, PCR, and isolation of Rickettsia rickettsii from postmortem tissues. Molecular typing demonstrated strong relatedness of the isolate to strains of R. rickettsii from Central and South America. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Rickettisial Zoonoses Branch, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. Hosp Nino, Panama City, Panama. RP Eremeeva, ME (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Rickettisial Zoonoses Branch, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop G13, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM meremeeva@cdc.gov NR 15 TC 32 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 3 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD NOV PY 2007 VL 13 IS 11 BP 1763 EP 1765 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 230FB UT WOS:000250860500024 PM 18217566 ER PT J AU Potter, P AF Potter, Polyxeni TI The panoramic landscape of human suffering SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Potter, P (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mailstop D61, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM PMPI@cdc.gov NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD NOV PY 2007 VL 13 IS 11 BP 1804 EP 1805 PG 2 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 230FB UT WOS:000250860500039 PM 18217580 ER PT J AU Jedrychowski, W Perera, F Jankowski, J Rauh, V Flak, E Caldwell, KL Jones, RL Pac, A Lisowska-Miszczyk, I AF Jedrychowski, Wieslaw Perera, Frederica Jankowski, Jeffery Rauh, Virginia Flak, Elzbieta Caldwell, Kathleen L. Jones, Robert L. Pac, Agnieszka Lisowska-Miszczyk, Ilona TI Fish consumption in pregnancy, cord blood mercury level and cognitive and psychomotor development of infants followed over the first three years of life Krakow epidemiologic study SO ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE fish intake during pregnancy; prenatal mercury exposure; infant cognitive and psychomotor function; prospective cohort study ID PRENATAL EXPOSURE; LANGUAGE-DEVELOPMENT; INORGANIC MERCURY; PRETERM INFANTS; METHYL MERCURY; METHYLMERCURY; NEURODEVELOPMENT; PREDICTORS; ABSORPTION; CHILDREN AB Background: Although the maternal fish consumption is supposed to have beneficial effects on development of infants, it may be harmful for child cognitive development since fish is a common source of methylmercury. Purpose of the study: Purpose of the study was to describe the usual pattern of fish consumption during pregnancy in Poland and explain the variability of prenatal mercury exposure due to fish intake by mothers. The other endpoint of the study was the assessment of the cognitive and psychomotor development of infants related to prenatal mercury exposure over the 3-year follow-up. Material and methods: The study sample consisted of 374 infants born at 33-42 weeks of gestation between January 2001 and March 2003 to mothers attending ambulatory prenatal clinics in the first and second trimesters of pregnancy. Total mercury level in whole cord blood was measured and the Bayley Scales of Infant Development (BSID-II) was used to assess the mental (MDI) and psychomotor developmental index (PDI) in children at 12, 24 and 36 months of age. Results: Self-reported weekly amount of fish consumption during the first two trimesters of pregnancy correlated positively with umbilical cord mercury concentrations (r(s)=0.22, p<0.0001). The corresponding correlation coefficient for the fish consumption in the third trimester of pregnancy was 0.21, p<0.0001. There was an inverse association between mercury exposure and both MDI (beta regression coeff.=-2.8, p=0.01) and PDI scores (beta coeff.=-2.3, p=0.04) at 12 months of age. Subsequent BSID-II testing at 24 and 36 months did not confirm significant association between exposure and cognitive or psychomotor function. The estimates of association between mercury prenatal exposure and the development of infants, which were based on the longitudinal analysis of all BSID-II measurements done in the follow-up (generalized estimating equations statistical model) showed that the performance deficit observed at 12 months of age was of border significance. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Jagiellonian Univ, Coll Med, Obstet & Gynecol Neonatol Clin, Krakow, Poland. Albert Einstein Coll Med, Dept Pediat, Bronx, NY 10467 USA. CDC, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Jedrychowski, W (reprint author), Jagiellonian Univ, Coll Med, Obstet & Gynecol Neonatol Clin, Krakow, Poland. EM myjedryc@cyf-kr.edu.pl FU NIEHS NIH HHS [5 R01 ES10165, R01 ES010165] NR 36 TC 53 Z9 55 U1 0 U2 12 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0160-4120 J9 ENVIRON INT JI Environ. Int. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 33 IS 8 BP 1057 EP 1062 DI 10.1016/j.envint.2007.06.001 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 227ZQ UT WOS:000250697000008 PM 17643489 ER PT J AU Wheeler, K McKelvey, W Thorpe, L Perrin, M Cone, J Kass, D Farfel, M Thomas, P Brackbill, R AF Wheeler, Katherine McKelvey, Wendy Thorpe, Lorna Perrin, Megan Cone, James Kass, Daniel Farfel, Mark Thomas, Pauline Brackbill, Robert TI Asthma diagnosed after 11 September 2001 among rescue and recovery workers: Findings from the World Trade Center health registry SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Article DE asthma; disaster; masks; respirators; world trade center; workers ID CENTER DISASTER SITE; PULMONARY-FUNCTION; SYMPTOMS; FIREFIGHTERS; EXPOSURE; SAFETY AB BACKGROUND: Studies have consistently documented declines in respiratory health after 11 September 2001 (9/11) among surviving first responders and other World Trade Center (WTC) rescue, recovery, and clean-up workers. OBJECTIVES: The goal of this study was to describe the risk of newly diagnosed asthma among WTC site workers and volunteers and to characterize its association with WTC site exposures. METHODS: We analyzed 2003-2004 interview data from the World Trade Center Health Registry for workers who did not have asthma before 9/11 (n = 25,748), estimating the risk of newly diagnosed asthma and its associations with WTC work history, including mask or respirator use. RESULTS: Newly diagnosed asthma was reported by 926 workers (3.6%). Earlier arrival and longer duration of work were significant risk factors, with independent dose responses (p < 0.001), as were exposure to the dust cloud and pile work. Among workers who arrived on 11 September, longer delays in the initial use of masks or respirators were associated with increased risk of asthma; adjusted odds ratios ranged from 1.63 [95% confidence interval (CI), 1.03-2.56) for 1 day of delay to 3.44 (95% CI, 1.43-8.25) for 16-40 weeks delay. CONCLUSIONS: The rate of self-reported newly diagnosed asthma was high in the study population and significantly associated with increased exposure to the WTC disaster site. Although we could not distinguish appropriate respiratory protection from inappropriate, we observed a moderate protective effect of mask or respirator use. The findings underscore the need for adequate and timely distribution of appropriate protective equipment and the enforcement of its use when other methods of controlling respiratory exposures are not feasible. C1 New York City Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, World Trade Ctr Hlth Registry, New York, NY 10013 USA. Univ Med & Dent New Jersey, New Jersey Med Sch, Newark, NJ 07103 USA. Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registry, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Farfel, M (reprint author), New York City Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, World Trade Ctr Hlth Registry, 125 Worth St,Rm 201,Mailbox CN 6, New York, NY 10013 USA. EM mfarfel@health.nyc.gov OI Wheeler, Katherine/0000-0002-6806-4233 NR 25 TC 68 Z9 68 U1 0 U2 5 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 115 IS 11 BP 1584 EP 1590 DI 10.1289/ehp.10248 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 228YY UT WOS:000250769700024 PM 18007989 ER PT J AU Calafat, AM Wong, LY Kuklenyik, Z Reidy, JA Needham, LL AF Calafat, Antonia M. Wong, Lee-Yang Kuklenyik, Zsuzsanna Reidy, John A. Needham, Larry L. TI Polyfluoroalkyl chemicals in the US population: Data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2003-2004 and comparisons with NHANES 1999-2000 SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Article DE biomonitoring; C8; exposure; PFCs; PFOA; PFOS; prevalence; serum ID PERFLUORINATED ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; SOLID-PHASE EXTRACTION; HUMAN BLOOD; HUMAN SERUM; PERFLUOROOCTANE SULFONATE; FLUOROCHEMICALS; ACIDS; MORTALITY; EXPOSURE; SUBSTANCES AB BACKGROUND: Polyfluoroalkyl chemicals (PFCs) have been used since the 1950s in numerous commercial applications. Exposure of the general U.S. population to PFCs is widespread. Since 2002, the manufacturing practices for PFCs in the United States have changed considerably. OBJECTIVES: We aimed to assess exposure to perfluorooctane sulfionic acid (PFOS), perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), perfluorohexane sulfonic acid (PFHxS), perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA), and eight other PFCs in a representative 2003-2004 sample of the general U.S. population >= 12 years of age and to determine whether serum concentrations have changed since the 1999-2000 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). METHODS: By using automated solid-phase extraction coupled to isotope dilution-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, we analyzed 2,094 serum samples collected from NHANES 2003-2004 participants. RESULTS: We detected PFOS, PFOA, PFHxS, and PFNA in > 98% of the samples. Concentrations differed by race/ethnicity and sex. Geometric mean concentrations were significantly lower (approximately 32% for PFOS, 25% for PFOA, 10% for PFHxS) and higher (100%, PFNA) than the concentrations reported in NHANES 1999-2000 (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: In the general U.S. population in 2003-2004, PFOS, PFOA, PFHxS, and PFNA serum concentrations were measurable in each demographic population group studied. Geometric mean concentrations of PFOS, PFOA, and PFHxS in 2003-2004 were lower than in 1999-2000. The apparent reductions in concentrations of PFOS, PFOA, and PFHxS most likely are related to discontinuation in 2002 of industrial production by electrochemical fluorination of PFOS and related perfluorooctanesulfonyl fluoride compounds. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Div Sci Lab, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Calafat, AM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Div Sci Lab, 4770 Buford Hwy,NE,Mailstop F53, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM Acalafat@cdc.gov RI Needham, Larry/E-4930-2011 NR 44 TC 430 Z9 446 U1 15 U2 100 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 115 IS 11 BP 1596 EP 1602 DI 10.1289/ehp.10598 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 228YY UT WOS:000250769700026 PM 18007991 ER PT J AU Apelberg, BJ Witter, FR Herbstman, JB Calafat, AM Halden, RU Needham, LL Goldman, LR AF Apelberg, Benjamin J. Witter, Frank R. Herbstman, Julie B. Calafat, Antonia M. Halden, Rolf U. Needham, Larry L. Goldman, Lynn R. TI Cord serum concentrations of perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoate (PFOA) in relation to weight and size at birth SO ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES LA English DT Article DE birth weight; cord blood; epidemiology; fetal exposure; fetal growth; gestational age; head circumference; human; length; perfluorooctane sulfonate; perfluorooctanoate; polyfluoroalkyl compounds; ponderal index ID INTRAUTERINE GROWTH-RETARDATION; PERFLUORINATED FATTY-ACIDS; MATERNAL PLASMA-VOLUME; POLYFLUOROALKYL COMPOUNDS; BODY PROPORTIONALITY; NEONATAL-MORTALITY; HORMONAL CHANGES; GESTATIONAL-AGE; EXPOSURE; FETAL AB BACKGROUND: Recent studies have reported developmental toxicity among rodents dosed with perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) and perfluorooctanoate (PFOA). OBJECTIVFS: We examined the relationship between concentrations of PFOS and PFOA in cord serum (surrogates for in utero exposures) and gestational age, birth weight, and birth size in humans. METHODS: We conducted a hospital-based cross-sectional epidemiologic study of singleton deliveries in Baltimore, Maryland. Cord serum samples (n = 293) were analyzed for PFOS and PFOA by online solid-phase extraction, coupled with reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography isotope dilution tandem mass spectrometry. Maternal characteristics and anthropometric measures were obtained from medical charts. RESULTS: After adjusting for potential confounders, both PFOS and PFOA were negatively associated with birth weight (per ln-unit: beta = -69 g, 95% confidence interval (CI), -149 to 10 for PFOS; beta= -104 g, 95% CI, -213 to 5 for PFOA], ponderal index (per ln-unit: beta = -0.074 g/cm(3) x 100, 95% CI, -0.123 to -0.025 for PFOS; beta = -0.070 g/cm(3) x 100, 95% CI, -0.138 to -0.001 for PFOA), and head circumference (per ln-unit: beta = -0.32 cm, 95% CI, -0.56 to -0.07 for PFOS; beta = -0.41 cm, 95% CI, -0.76 to -0.07 for PFOA). No associations were observed between either PFOS or PFOA concentrations and newborn length or gestational age. All associations were independent of cord serum lipid concentrations. CONCLUSIONS: Despite relatively low cord serum concentrations, we observed small negative associations between both PFOS and PFOA concentrations and birth weight and size. Future studies should attempt to replicate these findings in other populations. C1 Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. Columbia Mailman Sch Publ Hlth, Childrens Ctr Environm Hlth, New York, NY USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Sci Lab, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Goldman, LR (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth Sci, 615 N Wolfe St,Rm E6636, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. EM lgoldman@hsph.edu RI Needham, Larry/E-4930-2011; Goldman, Lynn/D-5372-2012; Halden, Rolf/F-9562-2010 OI Halden, Rolf/0000-0001-5232-7361 NR 48 TC 272 Z9 284 U1 9 U2 65 PU US DEPT HEALTH HUMAN SCIENCES PUBLIC HEALTH SCIENCE PI RES TRIANGLE PK PA NATL INST HEALTH, NATL INST ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES, PO BOX 12233, RES TRIANGLE PK, NC 27709-2233 USA SN 0091-6765 J9 ENVIRON HEALTH PERSP JI Environ. Health Perspect. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 115 IS 11 BP 1670 EP 1676 DI 10.1289/ehp.10334 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Toxicology GA 228YY UT WOS:000250769700037 PM 18008002 ER PT J AU Curwin, BD Hein, MJ Sanderson, WT Striley, C Heederik, D Kronihout, H Reynolds, SJ Alavanja, MC AF Curwin, Brian D. Hein, Misty J. Sanderson, Wayne T. Striley, Cynthia Heederik, Dick Kronihout, Hans Reynolds, Stephen J. Alavanja, Michael C. TI Pesticide dose estimates for children of Iowa farmers and non-farmers SO ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE pesticides; exposure; children; dose; biological monitoring; urine; herbicides; insecticides ID CENTRAL WASHINGTON-STATE; AGRICULTURAL COMMUNITY; CREATININE CLEARANCE; EXPOSURE; URINARY; CHLORPYRIFOS; PHARMACOKINETICS; WORKERS; HEALTH; CANCER AB Farm children have the potential to be exposed to pesticides. Biological monitoring is often employed to assess this exposure; however, the significance of the exposure is uncertain unless doses are estimated. In the spring and summer of 2001, 118 children (66 farm, 52 nonfarm) of Iowa farm and non-farm households were recruited to participate in a study investigating potential take-home pesticide exposure. Each child provided an evening and morning urine sample at two visits spaced approximately I month apart, with the first sample collection taken within a few days after pesticide application. Estimated doses were calculated for atrazine, metolachlor, chlorpyrifos, and glyphosate from urinary metabolite concentrations derived from the spot urine samples and compared to EPA reference doses. For all pesticides except glyphosate, the doses from farm children were higher than doses from the non-farm children. The difference was statistically significant for atrazine (p<0.0001) but only marginally significant for chlorpyrifos and metolachlor (p = 0.07 and 0.1, respectively). Among farm children, geometric mean doses were higher for children on farms where a particular pesticide was applied compared to farms where that pesticide was not applied for all pesticides except glyphosate; results were significant for atrazine (p = 0.030) and metolachlor (p = 0.042), and marginally significant for chlorpyrifos (p = 0.057). The highest estimated doses for atrazine, chlorpyrifos, metolachlor, and glyphosate were 0.085, 1.96, 3.16, and 0.34 mu g/kg/day, respectively. None of the doses exceeded any of the EPA reference values for atrazine, metolachlor, and glyphosate; however, all of the doses for chlorpyrifos exceeded the EPA chronic population adjusted reference value. Doses were similar for male and female children. A trend of decreasing dose with increasing age was observed for chlorpyrifos. (C) 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 NIOSH, Div Surveillance Hazard Evaluat & Field Studi, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. Univ Iowa, Dept Environm & Occupat Hlth, Iowa City, IA USA. Univ Utrecht, Inst Risk Assessment Sci, Utrecht, Netherlands. Colorado State Univ, Dept Environm & Radiol Hlth Sci, Ft Collins, CO USA. Natl Canc Inst, Div Ctr Epidemiol & Genet, Rockville, MD USA. RP Curwin, BD (reprint author), NIOSH, Div Surveillance Hazard Evaluat & Field Studi, 44676 Columbia Pkwy,MS R-14, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM bcurwin@cdc.gov NR 37 TC 37 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 14 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0013-9351 J9 ENVIRON RES JI Environ. Res. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 105 IS 3 BP 307 EP 315 DI 10.1016/j.envres.2007.06.001 PG 9 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 230FD UT WOS:000250860700003 PM 17659274 ER PT J AU Pierik, FH Klebanoff, MA Brock, JW Longnecker, MP AF Pierik, Frank H. Klebanoff, Mark A. Brock, John W. Longnecker, Matthew P. TI Maternal pregnancy serum level of heptachlor epoxide, hexachlorobenzene, and beta-hexachlorocyclohexane and risk of cryptorchidism in offspring SO ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE cryptorchidism; organochlorine pesticides; environment; children; endocrine disruptors ID TESTICULAR DYSGENESIS SYNDROME; IN-UTERO EXPOSURE; POLYCHLORINATED-BIPHENYLS; ORGANOCHLORINE PESTICIDES; CONGENITAL CRYPTORCHIDISM; BREAST-MILK; HYPOSPADIAS; TESTIS; PREVALENCE; TRENDS AB Prenatal exposure to environmental endocrine disrupters has been postulated to cause adverse effects on male reproductive health. Exposure to organochlorine pesticides with anti-androgenic and estrogenic potency has been shown to interfere with the sex-hormone-dependent process of testicular descent in animal models. We examined the relation between serum levels of the pesticides heptachlor epoxide (HCE), hexachlorobenzene (HCB), and beta-hexachlorocyclohexane (beta-HCCH) in pregnant women, and the occurrence of cryptorchidism in their sons. These three pesticides were previously suggested as risk factors for cryptorchidism. In a nested case-control design, we compared serum levels between mothers of cases (n = 219) and controls (n =: 564), selected from the Collaborative Perinatal Project, a US birth cohort study of pregnancies in 1959-1966. The offspring of mothers with HCE levels above the 90th percentile compared to those below the 10th percentile had an adjusted odds ratio of cryptorchidisin of 1.2 (95% confidence interval 0.6-2.6); for beta-HCCH the odds ratio was 1.6 (0.7-3.6). For HC13 the adjusted odds ratio was near one. These results provide little support for an association of cryptorchidism with exposure to low levels of HCE or HCB. For beta-HCCH the findings were somewhat suggestive of an association but were inconclusive. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 TNO Qual Life, Dept Reprod & Perinatol, Leiden, Netherlands. Erasmus MC, Univ Med Ctr, Dept Publ Hlth, Rotterdam, Netherlands. NICHHD, Div Epidemiol Stat & Prevent Res, Rockville, MD USA. Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. Natl Inst Environm Hlth Sci, Epidemiol Branch, Natl Inst Hlth, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. RP Pierik, FH (reprint author), TNO Environm & Hlth, Van Mourik Broekmanweg 6,POB 49, NL-2600 AA Delft, Netherlands. EM frank.pierik@tno.nl OI Longnecker, Matthew/0000-0001-6073-5322 FU Intramural NIH HHS [Z01 ES049016-12] NR 45 TC 24 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 2 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0013-9351 J9 ENVIRON RES JI Environ. Res. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 105 IS 3 BP 364 EP 369 DI 10.1016/j.envres.2007.04.005 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 230FD UT WOS:000250860700009 PM 17532317 ER PT J AU Silva, MJ Samandar, E Reidy, JA Hauser, R Needham, LL Calafat, AM AF Silva, Manori J. Samandar, Ella Reidy, John A. Hauser, Russ Needham, Larry L. Calafat, Antonia M. TI Metabolite profiles of di-n-butyl phthalate in humans and rats SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID TANDEM MASS-SPECTROMETRY; OXIDATIVE METABOLITES; DI(2-ETHYLHEXYL) PHTHALATE; OCTYL PHTHALATE; HUMAN EXPOSURE; URINARY; SERUM; POPULATION; BIOMARKERS; MONOESTERS AB Di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP) is widely used in consumer products. In humans and in rats, DBP is metabolized to mono-n-butyl phthalate (MBP). MBP may also further oxidize to other metabolites of DBP. We studied the metabolic profiles of DBP in rats and humans to evaluate the similarities between the two species and between different exposure scenarios. In rats administered DBP by oral gavage, we identified MBP and three urinary oxidative metabolites of DBP: mono-3-oxo-n-butyl phthalate, mono-3-hydroxy-n-butyl phthalate (MHBP), and mono-3-carboxypropyl phthalate (MCPP). MBP, MHBP, and MCPP were also present in serum, albeit at lower levels than in urine. Statistically significant correlations (p < 0.01) existed between the concentrations of MBP and the concentrations of MHBP (Pearson correlation coefficient r = 0.82 [urine] and r = 0.96 [serum]) and MCPP (r = 0.77 [urine] and r = 0.97 [serum]). However, the concentrations of these metabolites in urine collected 6 h after dosing and in serum 24 h after dosing were not correlated, suggesting continuous metabolism of DBP and/or individual differences among rats. Serum DBP metabolite concentrations increased with the dose, whereas urinary concentrations did not. We also identified MBP, MHBP, and MCPP in the urine of four men exposed to DBP by taking a prescription medication containing DBP, and MBP and MCPP in 94 adults with no documented exposure to DBP. In the human samples, we observed statistically significant correlations (p < 0.01) among the urinary concentrations of MBP and MCPP, although the correlation was stronger for the four exposed men (r = 0.99) than for the adults without a documented exposure to DBP (r = 0.70). Our results suggest that regardless of species and exposure scenario, MBP, the major DBP metabolite, is an optimal biomarker of exposure to DBP. In addition to MBP, MCPP and MHBP may be adequate biomarkers of exposure to DBP in occupational settings or in potential high-exposure scenarios. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Div Sci Lab, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth, Boston, MA 02115 USA. RP Silva, MJ (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Div Sci Lab, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM zca2@cdc.gov RI Needham, Larry/E-4930-2011 NR 28 TC 33 Z9 35 U1 3 U2 21 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD NOV 1 PY 2007 VL 41 IS 21 BP 7576 EP 7580 DI 10.1021/es071142x PG 5 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 225ZE UT WOS:000250556100063 PM 18044544 ER PT J AU Waters, TR Lu, ML Occhipinti, E AF Waters, T. R. Lu, M. -L. Occhipinti, E. TI New procedure for assessing sequential manual lifting jobs using the revised NIOSH lifting equation SO ERGONOMICS LA English DT Article DE manual lifting; lifting index; job rotation; sequential exposure ID TASKS; DESIGN AB A sequential manual lifting job is defined as a job where workers rotate between a series of manual lifting rotation slots or elements at specified time intervals during the course of a work shift. The original NIOSH lifting equation lacked a method for assessing the physical demands of these types of jobs. This paper presents the sequential lifting index (SLI), a new conceptual method for assessing the physical demands for sequential manual lifting jobs. The new method is similar to the composite lifting index (CLI) method that was provided by NIOSH for assessing multi-task jobs. The SLI method expands upon the methods originally provided by NIOSH by providing a simple method for estimating the relative magnitude of physical stress for sequential manual lifting jobs. It should also be useful in assisting safety and health specialists to prioritize or rank hazardous jobs within a plant. C1 NIOSH, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. Director Res Unit Ergon Posture & Movement EPM, Milan, Italy. RP Waters, TR (reprint author), NIOSH, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM twaters@cdc.gov NR 8 TC 20 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 7 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0014-0139 J9 ERGONOMICS JI Ergonomics PD NOV PY 2007 VL 50 IS 11 BP 1761 EP 1770 DI 10.1080/00140130701674364 PG 10 WC Engineering, Industrial; Ergonomics; Psychology, Applied; Psychology SC Engineering; Psychology GA 237IB UT WOS:000251366300005 PM 17972201 ER PT J AU Livingston, SE Simonetti, JP Bulkow, LR Homan, CE Snowball, MM Cagle, HH Negus, SE Mcmahon, BJ AF Livingston, Stephen E. Simonetti, Josephine P. Bulkow, Lisa R. Homan, Chriss E. Snowball, Mary M. Cagle, Henry H. Negus, Susan E. Mcmahon, Brian J. TI Clearance of hepatitis B e antigen in patients with chronic hepatitis B and genotypes A, B, C, D, and F SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Article ID VIRUS-INFECTION; HEPATOCELLULAR-CARCINOMA; ALASKA NATIVES; CARRIER STATE; LIVER-DISEASE; CHILDREN; TAIWAN AB Background & Aims: Persistence of hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) in chronic hepatitis B has been associated with increased risk for development of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Five hepatitis B virus genotypes were identified in Alaska Native persons; we analyzed clearance of HBeAg by age and genotype. Methods: In this prospective cohort study, 1158 Alaska Native persons throughout Alaska were tested serially for HBeAg for a median of 20.5 years and were genotyped. Initial and final HBeAg-positive specimens, time to clearance, age at clearance, and subsequent HBeAg results were analyzed for persons initially HBeAg-positive. Subsequent HBeAg results were analyzed for persons initially negative. Results: Genotypes A, B, C, D, and F were identified. Genotype C persons initially HBeAg-positive were more likely than those with other genotypes to be positive on initial and final specimens (P <.001 for each) and time to HBeAg clearance was longer (P <.001). Age at which 50% of persons cleared HBeAg was <20 years for those infected with genotypes A, B, D, and F and 47.8 years in genotype C (P <.001). After losing HBeAg, those with genotypes C and F were more likely to revert to the HBeAg-positive state (P <.001). Conclusions: Genotype may have a strong effect on mode of transmission and outcome. Genotype C may have been responsible for most perinatal transmission, given that seroconversion from HBeAg occurs decades later than in other genotypes. C1 Alaska Nat Tribal Hlth Consortium, Liver Dis & Hepatitis Program, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA. Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Arctic Invest Program, Anchorage, AK USA. RP Livingston, SE (reprint author), Alaska Nat Tribal Hlth Consortium, Liver Dis & Hepatitis Program, 4315 Diplomacy Dr,ANC-HEP, Anchorage, AK 99508 USA. EM slivings@anmc.org NR 21 TC 121 Z9 135 U1 1 U2 2 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD NOV PY 2007 VL 133 IS 5 BP 1452 EP 1457 DI 10.1053/j.gastro.2007.08.010 PG 6 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 229QV UT WOS:000250820100013 PM 17920063 ER PT J AU Green, NS Rinaldo, P Brower, A Boyle, C Dougherty, D Lloyd-Puryear, M Mann, MY Howell, RR AF Green, Nancy S. Rinaldo, Piero Brower, Amy Boyle, Coleen Dougherty, Denise Lloyd-Puryear, Michele Mann, Marie Y. Howell, Rodney R. CA Advisory Comm Heritable Disorders TI Committee Report: Advancing the current recommended panel of conditions for newborn screening SO GENETICS IN MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE newborn screening; genetic screening; evidence-based review; heritable disorders; nomination process AB The Advisory Committee on Heritable Disorders and Genetic Diseases in Newborns and Children is charged with advising the Secretary of the US Department of Health and Human Services in areas relevant to heritable conditions in children, especially newborn screening (NBS). This report describes the formulation by the Committee of a new process to nominate and review conditions to the recommended universal NBS panel. Nominations are currently being solicited. Committee review will adhere to the fundamental principles of being transparent, broadly :ible, evidence-based and consistent across the process for all of the proposed conditions across the process. C1 Columbia Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, New York, NY USA. Mayo Clin, Rochester, MN USA. Third Mol Diagnosis, S Sioux City, NE USA. US Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. US Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Agcy Hlthcare Res & Quality, Rockville, MD USA. US Dept Hlth & Human Serv, US Hlth Resources & Serv Adm, Rockville, MD USA. Univ Miami, Dept Pediat, Coral Gables, FL 33124 USA. RP Lloyd-Puryear, M (reprint author), HRSA, Maternal & Child Hlth Bur, 5600 Fisheries Lane Rm 18-A-19, Rockville, MD 20857 USA. EM mpuryear@hrsa.gov OI Green, Nancy/0000-0002-9877-1561 NR 3 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1098-3600 J9 GENET MED JI Genet. Med. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 9 IS 11 BP 792 EP 796 DI 10.1097/GIM.0b013e318159a38e PG 5 WC Genetics & Heredity SC Genetics & Heredity GA 235KS UT WOS:000251233500008 PM 18007148 ER PT J AU Miller, CW Whitcomb, RC Ansari, A McCurley, C Guinn, A Tucker, F AF Miller, Charles W. Whitcomb, Robert C., Jr. Ansari, Armin McCurley, Carol Guinn, Amy Tucker, Florie TI The roles of medical health physicists in a medical radiation emergency SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE operational topics; emergencies; radiological; emergency planning; physics; medical ID RADIOLOGICAL DISPERSAL DEVICE; MANAGEMENT AB Medical health physicists working in a clinical setting will have a number of key roles in the event of a nuclear or radiological emergency, such as a terrorist attack involving a radiological dispersal device or an improvised nuclear device. Their first responsibility, of course, is to assist hospital administrators and facility managers in developing radiological emergency response plans for their facilities and train staff prior to an emergency. During a hospital's response to a nuclear or radiological emergency, medical health physicists may be asked to (1) evaluate the level of radiological contamination in or on incoming victims; (2) help the medical staff evaluate and understand the significance to patient and staff of the levels of radioactivity with which they are dealing; (3) orient responding medical staff with principles of dealing with radioactive contaminants; (4) provide guidance to staff on decontamination of patients, facilities, and the vehicles in which patients were transported; and (5) assist local public health authorities in monitoring people who are not injured but who have been or are concerned that they may have been exposed to radioactive materials or radiation as a result of the incident. Medical health physicists may also be called upon to communicate with staff, patients, and the media on radiological issues related to the event. Materials are available from a number of sources to assist in these efforts. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) is developing guidance in the areas of radiological population monitoring, handling contaminated fatalities, and using hospital equipment for emergency monitoring. CDC is also developing training and information materials that may be useful to medical health physicists who are called upon to assist in developing facility response plans or respond to a nuclear or radiological incident. Comments on these materials are encouraged. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Radiat Studies Branch, Div Environm Hazards & Hlth Effects, Atlanta, GA USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Program Preparedness Branch, Div Strateg Natl Stockpile, Coordinating Off Terrorism Preparedness & Emergen, Atlanta, GA USA. Oak Ridge Associated Univ, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Miller, CW (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Radiat Studies Branch, Div Environm Hazards & Hlth Effects, Atlanta, GA USA. EM cym3@cdc.gov NR 17 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 4 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 93 IS 5 SU S BP S187 EP S190 PG 4 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 225HD UT WOS:000250506800009 PM 18049249 ER PT J AU Goodman, C Kachur, SP Abdulla, S Bloland, P Mills, A AF Goodman, Catherine Kachur, S. Patrick Abdulla, Salim Bloland, Peter Mills, Anne TI Drug shop regulation and malaria treatment in Tanzaniawhy do shops break the rules, and does it matter SO HEALTH POLICY AND PLANNING LA English DT Article DE regulation; shopkeepers; drugs; private sector; malaria ID DEVELOPING-COUNTRIES; RURAL AREA; ANTIMALARIAL-DRUGS; PRIVATE-SECTOR; QUALITY; PHARMACIES; HEALTH; CARE; AFRICA; PHARMACEUTICALS AB Regulatory infringements are extremely common in low-income countries, especially with respect to retail pharmaceutical sales. There have been few practical suggestions on public policy responses other than stricter regulatory enforcement, which governments are often unable, or unwilling, to do. This paper explores the challenges of regulating retail drug sellers, and potential solutions, through a case study of malaria treatment in rural Tanzania where small drug shops are a common source of medicine. Infringement of health-related regulation was extremely common. Most stores lacked valid permits, and illegal stocking of prescription-only medicines and unpackaged tablets was the norm. Most stocked unregistered drugs, and no serving staff met the qualification requirements. Infringements are likely to have reflected infrequent regulatory inspections, a failure of regulatory authorities to implement sanctions, successful concealment of regulatory violations, and the tacit permission of local regulatory staff. Eliminating regulatory infringements is unlikely to be feasible, and could be undesirable if access to essential medicines is reduced. Alternatives include bringing official drug regulation closer into line with locally legitimate practices; greater use of positive incentives for providers; and consumer involvement. Such a change in approach has the potential to provide a firmer platform for public-private collaboration to improve shop-based treatment. C1 KEMRI Wellcome Trust Collaborat Res Programme, Nairobi, Kenya. Univ London London Sch Hyg & Trop Med, Hlth Policy Unit, London WC2A 2AE, England. Ifakara Hlth Res & Dev Ctr, CDC IHRDC Malaria Programme Tanzania, Dar Es Salaam, Tanzania. US PHS, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Malaria Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. US PHS, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Coordinating Ctr Infect Dis, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vectorborne & Enter Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Goodman, C (reprint author), KEMRI Wellcome Trust Collaborat Res Programme, POB 43640, Nairobi, Kenya. EM catherine.goodman@lshtm.ac.uk OI Mills, Anne/0000-0001-9863-9950 FU Wellcome Trust [060184] NR 56 TC 46 Z9 48 U1 0 U2 6 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0268-1080 J9 HEALTH POLICY PLANN JI Health Policy Plan. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 22 IS 6 BP 393 EP 403 DI 10.1093/heapol/czm033 PG 11 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services SC Health Care Sciences & Services GA 232RF UT WOS:000251036200005 PM 17921151 ER PT J AU Albrecht, MT Li, H Williamson, ED LeButt, CS Flick-Smith, HC Quinn, CP Westra, H Galloway, D Mateczun, A Goldman, S Groen, H Baillie, LWJ AF Albrecht, Mark T. Li, Han Williamson, E. Diane LeButt, Chris S. Flick-Smith, Helen C. Quinn, Conrad P. Westra, Hans Galloway, Darrell Mateczun, Alfred Goldman, Stanley Groen, Herman Baillie, Les W. J. TI Human monoclonal antibodies against anthrax lethal factor and protective antigen act independently to protect against Bacillus anthracis infection and enhance endogenous immunity to anthrax SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID INHALATION ANTHRAX; GUINEA-PIGS; RECEPTOR-BINDING; TOXIN; CHALLENGE; VACCINE; IDENTIFICATION; RESPONSES; AFFINITY; RABBITS AB The unpredictable nature of bioterrorism and the absence of real-time detection systems have highlighted the need for an efficient postexposure therapy for Bacillus anthracis infection. One approach is passive immunization through the administration of antibodies that mitigate the biological action of anthrax toxin. We isolated and characterized two protective fully human monoclonal antibodies with specificity for protective antigen (PA) and lethal factor (LF). These antibodies, designated IQNPA (anti-PA) and IQNLF (anti-LF), were developed as hybridomas from individuals immunized with licensed anthrax vaccine. The effective concentration of IQNPA that neutralized 50% of the toxin in anthrax toxin neutralization assays was 0.3 nM, while 0.1 nM IQNLF neutralized the same amount of toxin. When combined, the antibodies bad additive neutralization efficacy. IQNPA binds to domain IV of PA containing the host cell receptor binding site, while IQNLF recognizes domain I containing the PA binding region in LF. A single 180-mu g dose of either antibody given to A/J mice 2.5 h before challenge conferred 100% protection against a lethal intraperitoneal spore challenge with 24 50% lethal doses [LD(50)s] of B. anthracis Sterne and against rechallenge on day 20 with a more aggressive challenge dose of 41 LD(50)s. Mice treated with either antibody and infected with B. anthracis Sterne developed detectable murine anti-PA and anti-LF immunoglobulin G antibody responses by day 17 that were dependent on which antibody the mice had received. Based on these results, IQNPA and IQNLF act independently during prophylactic anthrax treatment and do not interfere with the establishment of endogenous immunity. C1 Naval Med Res Ctr, Biol Def Res Directorate, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, MPIR Lab, Meningitis & Vaccine Preventable Dis Branch, Div Bacterial Dis,Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. Def Sci Technol Labs, Salisbury SP4 0JQ, Wilts, England. IQ Corp, NL-9727 DL Groningen, Netherlands. Ohio State Univ, Dept Microbiol, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Univ Groningen, Univ Med Ctr, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Med Biol Sect,Lab Tumor Immunol, Groningen, Netherlands. Cardiff Univ, Welsh Sch Pharm, Cardiff CF10 3NB, Wales. RP Albrecht, MT (reprint author), Naval Med Res Ctr, Biol Def Res Directorate, 12300 Washington Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM albrechtm@nmrc.navy.mil OI Baillie, Les/0000-0002-8186-223X NR 63 TC 72 Z9 76 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 75 IS 11 BP 5425 EP 5433 DI 10.1128/IAI.00261-07 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 224MU UT WOS:000250451900040 PM 17646360 ER PT J AU Basset, A Thompson, CM Hollingshead, SK Briles, DE Ades, EW Lipsitch, M Malley, R AF Basset, Alan Thompson, Claudette M. Hollingshead, Susan K. Briles, David E. Ades, Edwin W. Lipsitch, Marc Malley, Richard TI Antibody-independent, CD4(+) T-Cell-Dependent protection against pneumococcal colonization elicited by intranasal immunization with purified pneumococcal proteins SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID STREPTOCOCCUS-PNEUMONIAE; NASOPHARYNGEAL CARRIAGE; PULMONARY INFECTION; MICE; PNEUMOLYSIN; IMMUNITY; POLYSACCHARIDE; PSPA; RESPONSES; DISEASE AB Immunity to pneumococcal colonization in mice by exposure to live or killed pneumococci has been shown to be antibody independent but dependent on CD4(+) T cells. Here we show that intranasal immunization with pneumococcal proteins (pneumococcal surface protein C, adhesin A, and a pneumolysoid) can elicit a similar mechanism of protection. Colonization could be significantly reduced in mice congenitally deficient in immunoglobulins after intranasal immunization with this mixture of proteins; conversely, the depletion of CD4(+) T cells in immunized wild-type mice at the time of challenge eliminated the protection afforded by immunization. Overall, our results show that intranasal immunization with a mixture of pneumococcal proteins protects against colonization in an antibody-independent, CD4(+) T-cell-dependent manner. C1 Childrens Hosp, Div Infect Dis, Dept Med, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Immunol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Infect Dis, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Univ Alabama, Dept Microbiol, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Bacterial Dis, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Malley, R (reprint author), Childrens Hosp, Div Infect Dis, Dept Med, Enders 861-3,300 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA 02115 USA. EM richard.mallev@childrens.harvard.edu RI Ades, Edwin/A-9931-2009; OI Lipsitch, Marc/0000-0003-1504-9213 FU NIAID NIH HHS [R01 AI048935, 5 R01 AI048935, AI06601, AI067737, R01 AI067737] NR 25 TC 63 Z9 64 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 75 IS 11 BP 5460 EP 5464 DI 10.1128/IAI.00773-07 PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 224MU UT WOS:000250451900044 PM 17698570 ER PT J AU Abe, K D'Angelo, MT Sunenshine, R Noble-Wang, J Cope, J Jensen, B Srinivasan, A AF Abe, Karon D'Angelo, Melissa Tobin Sunenshine, Rebecca Noble-Wang, Judith Cope, James Jensen, Bette Srinivasan, Arjun TI Outbreak of Burkholderia cepacia bloodstream infection at an outpatient Hematology and oncology practice SO INFECTION CONTROL AND HOSPITAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID EPIDEMIOLOGY; BACTEREMIA AB We investigated an outbreak of infection in 10 patients with blood cultures positive for B. cepacia. All patients had indwelling intravenous catheters. Though we did not identify the source of the organism, our findings support the hypothesis that cross-contamination of multidose medications through the use of the same needle and syringe was a contributing factor. C1 Georgia Dept Human Resources, Div Publ Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Div Healthcare Qual Promot, Atlanta, GA USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Abe, K (reprint author), CDC, DRH, MIHB, 4770 Buford Hwy, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM kabe@cdc.gov NR 9 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0899-823X J9 INFECT CONT HOSP EP JI Infect. Control Hosp. Epidemiol. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 28 IS 11 BP 1311 EP 1313 DI 10.1086/522679 PG 3 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 222OO UT WOS:000250307000016 PM 17926285 ER PT J AU Whipps, CM Butler, WR Pourahmad, F Watral, VG Kent, ML AF Whipps, Christopher M. Butler, W. Ray Pourahmad, Fazel Watral, Virginia G. Kent, Michael L. TI Molecular systematics support the revival of Mycobacterium salmoniphilum (ex Ross 1960) sp nov., nom. rev., a species closely related to Mycobacterium chelonae SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATIC AND EVOLUTIONARY MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; RAPIDLY GROWING MYCOBACTERIA; BASS MORONE-SAXATILIS; CHESAPEAKE BAY; STRIPED BASS; MARINUM INFECTION; IDENTIFICATION; FORTUITUM; FISH; SEQUENCES AB Mycobacterial infections in fish are usually attributed to strains of Mycobacterium marinum, Mycobacterium chelonae and Mycobacterium fortuitum. Bacteria identified as M. chelonae have been isolated numerous times from salmonid fishes. Recently, this bacterium has been associated with salmon mortalities in the aquaculture industry. An M. chelonae-like species from salmon, 'Mycobacterium salmoniphilum', was described in 1960. However, the species name lost standing in nomenclature when it was omitted from the 1980 Approved Lists of Bacterial Names because the species could not be distinguished with confidence from M. fortuitum. In the 1980s, mycobacteria isolated from salmon were characterized as a distinct subspecies, 'Mycobacterium chelonae subsp. piscarium'. Again, the uncertainty of the validity of the species resulted in the subsequent withdrawal of the name. Since then, most studies have considered isolates from salmon to be M. chelonae. Nucleotide sequence analysis of the small-subunit rRNA, hsp65 and rpoB genes was used to examine the taxonomic relatedness of type cultures and authentic isolates in our culture collection available from earlier studies. The M. chelonae-like strains from salmon were phylogenetically distinct from other Mycobacterium strains and members of the M. chelonae complex. Moreover, the cell-wall-bound mycolic acids were not representative of known mycolate patterns for M. chelonae-complex organisms. These results supported the status of the species as a separate taxon and effect the valid publication of the name W. salmoniphilum' as Mycobacterium salmoniphilum (ex Ross 1960) sp. nov., nom. rev., with the type strain SCT (=ATCC 13578(T) =DSM 43276(T)). C1 Oregon State Univ, Ctr Fish Dis Res, Dept Microbiol, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Mycobacteriol Branch, Div TB Eliminat, Atlanta, GA USA. Univ Stirling, Inst Aquaculture, Stirling FK9 4LA, Scotland. Ilam Univ, Sch Vet Med, Ilam, Iran. RP Whipps, CM (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, Ctr Fish Dis Res, Dept Microbiol, 220 Nash hall, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. EM whippsc@onid.orst.edu OI Whipps, Christopher/0000-0001-6139-0426 FU NCRR NIH HHS [2 P20 RR016463] NR 38 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 2 PU SOC GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY PI READING PA MARLBOROUGH HOUSE, BASINGSTOKE RD, SPENCERS WOODS, READING RG7 1AG, BERKS, ENGLAND SN 1466-5026 J9 INT J SYST EVOL MICR JI Int. J. Syst. Evol. Microbiol. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 57 BP 2525 EP 2531 DI 10.1099/ijs.0.64841-0 PN 11 PG 7 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 238FO UT WOS:000251432900016 PM 17978213 ER PT J AU Angra, P Becx-Bleumink, M Gilpin, C Joloba, M Jost, K Kam, KM Kim, SJ Lumb, R Mitarai, S Ramsay, A Ridderhof, J Rieder, HL Selvakumar, N van Beers, S van Cleeff, M Van Deun, A Vincent, V AF Angra, P. Becx-Bleumink, M. Gilpin, C. Joloba, M. Jost, K. Kam, K. M. Kim, S. J. Lumb, R. Mitarai, S. Ramsay, A. Ridderhof, J. Rieder, H. L. Selvakumar, N. van Beers, S. van Cleeff, M. Van Deun, A. Vincent, V. TI Ziehl-Neelsen staining: strong red on weak blue, or weak red under strong blue? SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TUBERCULOSIS AND LUNG DISEASE LA English DT Article ID ACID-FAST BACILLI; CARBOL-FUCHSIN C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. Queensland Mycobacterium Reference Lab, Brisbane, Qld, Australia. Texas Dept Hlth, TB Lab, Austin, TX 78756 USA. TB Reference Lab, Hong Kong, Peoples R China. Inst Med & Vet Sci, Adelaide, SA, Australia. Japan Anti TB Assoc, Tokyo, Japan. WHO, Geneva, Switzerland. Indian Council Med Res, TB Res Ctr, Madras, Tamil Nadu, India. Royal Trop Inst, Amsterdam, Netherlands. KNCV TB Fdn, The Hague, Netherlands. RP Van Deun, A (reprint author), Inst Trop Med, Mycobacteriol Unit, Nationalestr 155, B-2000 Antwerp, Belgium. EM avdeun@itg.be RI Kam, Kai Man/K-4546-2012 OI Kam, Kai Man/0000-0003-0579-0307 NR 8 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT UNION AGAINST TUBERCULOSIS LUNG DISEASE (I U A T L D) PI PARIS PA 68 BOULEVARD SAINT-MICHEL,, 75006 PARIS, FRANCE SN 1027-3719 J9 INT J TUBERC LUNG D JI Int. J. Tuberc. Lung Dis. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 11 IS 11 BP 1160 EP 1161 PG 2 WC Infectious Diseases; Respiratory System SC Infectious Diseases; Respiratory System GA 230UL UT WOS:000250901400002 PM 17958975 ER PT J AU McConnell, MS Bakaki, P Eure, C Mubiru, M Bagenda, D Downing, R Matovu, F Thigpen, MC Greenberg, AE Fowler, MG AF McConnell, Michelle S. Bakaki, Paul Eure, Chineta Mubiru, Michael Bagenda, Danstan Downing, Robert Matovu, Flavia Thigpen, Michael C. Greenberg, Alan E. Fowler, Mary Glenn TI Effectiveness of repeat single-dose Nevirapine for prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1 in repeat pregnancies in Uganda SO JAIDS-JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections CY FEB 05-09, 2006 CL Denver, CO DE hiv transmission; nevirapine; perinatal hiv infection; resistance ID IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS TYPE-1; ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; VERTICAL TRANSMISSION; RECEIVING NEVIRAPINE; RESISTANCE MUTATIONS; RANDOMIZED-TRIAL; COTE-DIVOIRE; SOUTH-AFRICA; ZIDOVUDINE; WOMEN AB Background: Single-dose nevirapine (SDNVP) is widely used to prevent mother-to-child HIV transmission in resource-limited settings. Given detection of resistant mutants among women who receive SDNVP, concerns have arisen over the efficacy of SDNVP in repeat pregnancies. Methods: Retrospective data were collected from SDNVP-exposed and -unexposed women from the HIV Network for Prevention 012 trial who subsequently received SDNVP in another pregnancy. Prospective data were collected from pregnant women who were SDNVP exposed or unexposed before delivery. Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression analyses were used to estimate rates of HIV infection and HIV-fice survival among infants born to women with or without prior SDNVP exposure. Results: In the retrospective cohort, the infection rates were 11.3% and 16.7% for 104 infants of SDNVP-exposed and -unexposed mothers, respectively (P = 0.4 1). In the prospective cohort, among 103 infants of SDNVP-exposed and -unexposed mothers, the 12-month infant HIV infection rates were 20.5% and 18.7% (P = 0.81) and HIV-fiee survival rates were 74.4% and 78.1% (P = 0.66), respectively. Conclusions: There was no increased risk of infant HIV infection among SDNVP-exposed women compared with -unexposed women. These findings support current international guidelines to offer SDNVP to HIV-infected pregnant women, regardless of previous SDNVP exposure, when more complex prophylaxis regimens are not available. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Global Programme AIDS, Atlanta, GA USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Makerere Univ, Res Collaborat, Kampala, Uganda. CDC, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. CDC Uganda, Global Programme AIDS, Entebbe, Uganda. George Washington Univ, Dept Epidemiol, Washington, DC USA. RP McConnell, MS (reprint author), TUC, Minist Publ Hlth, Tivanon Rd, Nonthaburi 11000, Thailand. EM zmd8@cdc.gov NR 25 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1525-4135 J9 JAIDS-J ACQ IMM DEF JI JAIDS PD NOV 1 PY 2007 VL 46 IS 3 BP 291 EP 296 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 226RZ UT WOS:000250607500006 PM 18167645 ER PT J AU Sifakis, F Hylton, JB Flynn, C Solomon, L MacKellar, DA Valleroy, LA Celentano, DD AF Sifakis, Frangiscos Hylton, John B. Flynn, Colin Solomon, Liza MacKellar, Duncan A. Valleroy, Linda A. Celentano, David D. TI Racial disparities in HIV incidence among young men who have sex with men - The Baltimore young men's survey SO JAIDS-JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES LA English DT Article DE HIV/AIDS; incidence; men who have sex with men; racial disparities; young men's survey ID TRANSMITTED DISEASE CLINICS; UNITED-STATES; AFRICAN-AMERICAN; BISEXUAL MEN; INFECTION; PREVALENCE; HEALTH; TRENDS; SEROPREVALENCE; ASSOCIATIONS AB Recent reports have demonstrated racial disparities in the prevalence of HIV infection among men who have sex with men (MSM). The objectives of this study are to investigate whether racial disparities exist in HIV incidence among young MSM in Baltimore, MD and to examine potential explanations for differences. Data were collected by the Baltimore Young Men's Survey, a cross-sectional venue-based survey (1996 to 2000) enrolling MSM aged 15 to 29 years. HIV incidence was ascertained using the serologic testing algorithm for recent HIV seroconversion. HIV incidence was 4.2% per year (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.2 to 10.5) among 843 participants. There were substantial racial differences in HIV incidence, ranging from 0 among Hispanics to 11.0% per year (95% Cl: 5.5 to 19.7) among non-Hispanic blacks. In multivariate analysis, among MSM at risk for HIV acquisition, race was not associated with unprotected anal intercourse. Independent risks included having more than 4 recent male sexual partners (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 1.6, 95% CI: 1.0 to 2.4) and being under the influence of drugs while having sex (AOR = 1.6, 95% Cl: 1.1 to 2.3). Non-Hispanic blacks were no more likely than non-Hispanic whites to report these risk behaviors. Possible alternative explanations for the observed racial disparities in HIV incidence and implications for prevention are explored. C1 Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. Maryland Dept Hlth & Mental Hyg, AIDS Adm, Baltimore, MD USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV STD & TB Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent Surveillance & Epidemiol, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Sifakis, F (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Epidemiol, 615 N Wolfe St,Suite E-6539, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. EM fsifitkis@jhsph.edu NR 32 TC 41 Z9 41 U1 3 U2 8 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1525-4135 J9 JAIDS-J ACQ IMM DEF JI JAIDS PD NOV 1 PY 2007 VL 46 IS 3 BP 343 EP 348 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 226RZ UT WOS:000250607500015 PM 17846561 ER PT J AU Fuchs, J Durham, M McLellan-Lemal, E Vittinghoff, E Colfax, G Gurwith, M Buchbinder, S AF Fuchs, Jonathan Durham, Marcus McLellan-Lemal, Eleanor Vittinghoff, Eric Colfax, Grant Gurwith, Marc Buchbinder, Susan TI Negative social impacts among volunteers in an HIV vaccine efficacy trial SO JAIDS-JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th International AIDS Conference CY JUL 11-17, 2004 CL Bangkok, THAILAND DE HIV vaccine trial; negative social impact; social harm; trial-related discrimination ID CLINICAL-TRIALS; UNITED-STATES; DISCRIMINATION; THAILAND; ADULTS; RISK AB Objective: Describe the negative social impacts (NSIs) and their predictors in an HIV vaccine efficacy trial. Methods: Volunteers in the North American phase 3 trial of AIDSVAX B/B vaccine were questioned semiannually about NSIs. Multivariable logistic models identified independent predictors of NSI reporting. Results: Of 5417 volunteers (94% male), 18% reported at least I NSI. Most events occurred early during trial participation and involved concerns by family and friends that the volunteer was HIV-infected or at risk for infection. Problems with disability/life insurance and employment occurred less frequently (<1%). Individuals who became HIV-infected reported NSIs similar to HIV-negative volunteers. In multipredictor analysis of male volunteers, NSI reporters were younger (adjusted odds ratio [ORAdj] = 1.6, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.2 to 2.1 and ORAdj = 1.4, 95% CI: 1.1 to 1.8 for ages 18 to 25 years and 26 to 35 years vs. >= 46 years, respectively), enrolled at sites with 50 or fewer volunteers (ORAdi = 2.3, 95% CI: 1.7 to 3.1), or lived in cities with high AIDS case rates (ORAdj = 1.4, 95% Cl: 1.1 to 1.8). Conclusions: A modest proportion of vaccine efficacy trial volunteers reported problems in interpersonal relationships from trial participation. Serious harms involving insurance and employment were rare. Strategies to prevent harm from disclosure, particularly for younger volunteers and those from high seroincidence sites, may reduce NSIs in future trials. C1 San Francisco Dept Publ Hlth, AIDS Off, San Francisco, CA USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Med, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent Informat Technol Suppor, Northrop Grumman Informat Technol, Atlanta, GA USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. VaxGen Inc, Brisbane, Qld, Australia. RP Fuchs, J (reprint author), 25 Van Ness Ave,Suite 500, San Francisco, CA 94102 USA. EM jonathan.fuchs@sfdph.org OI McLellan-Lemal, Eleanor/0000-0002-1884-9315 FU PHS HHS [200-1999-00129] NR 34 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1525-4135 J9 JAIDS-J ACQ IMM DEF JI JAIDS PD NOV 1 PY 2007 VL 46 IS 3 BP 362 EP 368 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 226RZ UT WOS:000250607500018 PM 17721399 ER PT J AU Voetsch, AC Heffelfinger, JD Begley, EB Jafa-Bhushan, K Sullivan, PS AF Voetsch, Andrew C. Heffelfinger, James D. Begley, Elin B. Jafa-Bhushan, Krishna Sullivan, Patrick S. TI Knowledge and use of preexposure and postexposure prophylaxis among attendees of minority gay pride events, 2005 through 2006 SO JAIDS-JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES LA English DT Letter ID HIV-INFECTION C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv,Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Behav & Clin Surveillance Branch, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Voetsch, AC (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv,Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Behav & Clin Surveillance Branch, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RI Sullivan, Patrick/A-9436-2009 NR 10 TC 27 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1525-4135 J9 JAIDS-J ACQ IMM DEF JI JAIDS PD NOV 1 PY 2007 VL 46 IS 3 BP 378 EP 380 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 226RZ UT WOS:000250607500024 PM 18090305 ER PT J AU Arnsten, JH Li, X Mizuno, Y Knowlton, AR Gourevitch, MN Handley, K Knight, KR Metsch, LR AF Arnsten, Julia H. Li, Xuan Mizuno, Yuko Knowlton, Amy R. Gourevitch, Marc N. Handley, Kathleen Knight, Kelly R. Metsch, Lisa R. CA INSPIRE Study Team TI Factors associated with antiretroviral therapy adherence and medication errors among HIV-infected injection drug users SO JAIDS-JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES LA English DT Article DE adherence; antiretrovirals; HIV; injection drug use; medication errors ID IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS-INFECTION; SELF-REPORTED ADHERENCE; HEALTH-CARE; VIROLOGICAL FAILURE; SUBSTANCE USE; VIRAL LOAD; NONADHERENCE; COHORT; HAART; INTERVENTIONS AB Background: Active drug use is often associated with poor adherence, but few studies have determined psychosocial correlates of adherence in injection drug users (IDUs). Methods: Of 1161 Intervention for Seropositive Injectors-Research and Evaluation study enrollees, 636 were taking antiretrovirals. We assessed self-reported adherence to self-reported antiretroviral regimens and medication errors, which we defined as daily doses that were inconsistent with standard or alternative antiretroviral prescriptions. Results: Most subjects (75%, n = 477) self-reported good (>= 90%) adherence, which was strongly associated with an undetectable viral load. Good adherence was independently associated with being a high school graduate, not sharing injection equipment, fewer depressive symptoms, positive attitudes toward antiretrovirals, higher self-efficacy for taking antiretrovirals as prescribed, and greater sense of responsibility to protect others from HIV Medication errors were made by 54% (n = 346) and were strongly associated with a detectable viral load and fewer CD4 cells. Errors were independently associated with nonwhite race and with depressive symptoms, poorer self-efficacy for safer drug use, and worse attitudes toward HIV medications. Conclusions: Modifiable factors associated with poor adherence, including depressive symptoms and poor self-efficacy, should be targeted for intervention. Because medication errors are prevalent and associated with a detectable viral load and fewer CD4 cells, interventions should include particular efforts to identify medication taking inconsistent with antiretroviral prescriptions. C1 Albert Einstein Coll Med, Div Gen Internal Med, Bronx, NY 10467 USA. Montefiore Med Ctr, Bronx, NY 10467 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Behav & Soc, Baltimore, MD USA. NYU, Sch Med, Dept Med, Div Gen Internal Med, New York, NY USA. US Hlth Resources & Serv Adm, Global AIDS Progrm, Rockville, MD 20857 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Med, San Francisco, CA USA. Univ Miami, Leonard M Miller Sch Med, Dept Epidemiol & Publ Hlth, Miami, FL 33152 USA. RP Arnsten, JH (reprint author), Albert Einstein Coll Med, Div Gen Internal Med, 111 E 210th St, Bronx, NY 10467 USA. EM jarnsten@montefiore.org NR 49 TC 45 Z9 45 U1 5 U2 7 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1525-4135 J9 JAIDS-J ACQ IMM DEF JI JAIDS PD NOV 1 PY 2007 VL 46 SU 2 BP S64 EP S71 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 229SX UT WOS:000250825700005 PM 18089986 ER PT J AU Frye, V Latka, MH Wu, YF Valverde, EE Knowlton, AR Knight, KR Arnsten, JH O'Leary, A AF Frye, Victoria Latka, Mary H. Wu, YingFeng Valverde, Eduardo E. Knowlton, Amy R. Knight, Kelly R. Arnsten, Julia H. O'Leary, Ann CA INSPIRE Study Team TI Intimate partner violence perpetration against main female partners among HIV-positive male injection drug users SO JAIDS-JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES LA English DT Article DE domestic violence; HIV/AIDS; injection drug use; sexual HIV risk behavior ID LOW-INCOME WOMEN; QUALITY-OF-LIFE; DOMESTIC VIOLENCE; RISK BEHAVIORS; SUBSTANCE USE; SEXUAL RISK; CONDOM USE; ABUSE; MEN; INFECTION AB Intimate partner violence (IPV) against women is a serious public health and social problem and is associated with a host of adverse health outcomes and behaviors, HIV risk behaviors included, among women who are victimized. Historically, research has focused on correlates of IPV victimization among women; thus, there is less information on the role of men in perpetrating IPV, particularly among men at risk for transmitting HIV to their female partners. We assessed the self-reported prevalence and correlates of perpetration and threat of perpetration of physical and/or sexual IPV against a main female partner among 317 HIV-positive men who were current injection drug users (IDUs). More than 40% of men reported perpetrating physical (39%) and/or sexual (4%) violence against their main female partners in the past year. Multivariate analyses revealed that low education, homelessness, psychologic distress, and unprotected sex with main and nonmain HIV-negative female partners were positively associated with IPV perpetration against main female partners. These findings reveal that IPV perpetration is prevalent among HIV-positive male IDUs and associated with sexual HIV transmission risk behaviors. IPV assessment and treatment among HIV-positive men in HIV care is recommended as a way to prevent IPV perpetration and victimization and to reduce potential HIV transmission. C1 New York Acad Med, Ctr Urban Epidemiol Studies, New York, NY 10029 USA. Univ Miami, Leonard M Miller Sch Med, Dept Epidemiol & Publ Hlth, Miami, FL 33152 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Behav & Soc, Baltimore, MD USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Med, Dept Anthropol Hist & Social Med, Epi Ctr, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Albert Einstein Coll Med, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Bronx, NY 10467 USA. Montefiore Med Ctr, Bronx, NY 10467 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Frye, V (reprint author), New York Acad Med, Ctr Urban Epidemiol Studies, 1216 5th Ave,Room 556, New York, NY 10029 USA. EM vfrye@nyam.org FU NIDA NIH HHS [K01 DA020774, K01 DA020774-02, K01 DA020774-03, K01 DA0Z0774] NR 68 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 8 U2 10 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1525-4135 J9 JAIDS-J ACQ IMM DEF JI JAIDS PD NOV 1 PY 2007 VL 46 SU 2 BP S101 EP S109 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 229SX UT WOS:000250825700010 PM 18089979 ER PT J AU Knight, KR Shade, SB Purcell, DW Rose, CD Metsch, LR Latka, MH Latkin, CA Gomez, CA AF Knight, Kelly R. Shade, Starley B. Purcell, David W. Rose, Carol Dawson Metsch, Lisa R. Latka, Mary H. Latkin, Carl A. Gomez, Cynthia A. CA INSPIRE Study Team TI Sexual transmission risk behavior reported among behaviorally bisexual HIV-positive injection drug-using men SO JAIDS-JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES LA English DT Article DE bisexual; HIV-positive; injection drug use; men who have sex with men and women; sexual risk ID UNITED-STATES; SAN-FRANCISCO; IDENTIFIED MEN; SUBSTANCE USE; LATINO MEN; CONDOM USE; YOUNG MEN; USERS; GAY; AIDS AB Background: Few research studies have examined the HIV transmission risk behaviors of HIV-positive injection drug users (IDUs) who are men who have sex with men and women (MSMW). Methods: We compared unprotected vaginal or anal sex with an HIV-negative or unknown (UNK) status sexual partner of MSMW (n = 118) with men who have sex exclusively with women (MSW; n = 469) and men who have sex exclusively with men (MSM; n = 90) using baseline information from the Intervention for Seropositive Injectors-Research and Evaluation (INSPIRE) study, a 4-city randomized controlled trial. Results: MSMW were twice as likely to report unprotected vaginal sex (P < 0.001) and 3 times as likely to report unprotected anal sex with an HIV-negative/UNK status female partner (P < 0.001) as MSW MSMW did not differ in their report of unprotected insertive anal sex and were half as likely to report unprotected receptive anal sex with HIV-negative/UNK status men (P = 0.02) as MSM. MSMW were 2 times as likely to report engaging in transactional sex (buying or selling sex in exchange for money, drugs, or housing) than MSM or MSW (81%, 43%, and 36%, respectively; P < 0.001). Conclusions: Further research is needed to understand the contexts of unprotected sex among HIV-positive injection drug-using MSMW Prevention programs should target the unique prevention needs of this population, particularly their risk with female partners. C1 Univ Calif San Francisco, Ctr AIDS Prevent Studies, Dept Med, San Francisco, CA USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA USA. Univ Miami, Leonard M Miller Sch Med, Dept Epidemiol & Publ Hlth, Miami, FL 33152 USA. New York Acad Med, Ctr Urban Epidemiol Studies, New York, NY USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Behav & Soc, Baltimore, MD USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Sch Nursing, Community Hlth Syst, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. RP Knight, KR (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco Gen Hosp, 1001 Potrero Ave,Bldg 100,Rm 334, San Francisco, CA 94110 USA. EM kelly.knight@ucsf.edu NR 48 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 3 U2 5 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1525-4135 J9 JAIDS-J ACQ IMM DEF JI JAIDS PD NOV 1 PY 2007 VL 46 SU 2 BP S80 EP S87 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 229SX UT WOS:000250825700007 PM 18089988 ER PT J AU Knowlton, AR Arnsten, JH Gourevitch, MN Eldred, L Wilkinson, JD Rose, CD Buchanan, A Purcell, DW AF Knowlton, Amy R. Arnsten, Julia H. Gourevitch, Marc N. Eldred, Lois Wilkinson, James D. Rose, Carol Dawson Buchanan, Amy Purcell, David W. CA INSPIRE Study Team TI Microsocial environmental influences on highly active antiretroviral therapy outcomes among active injection drug users - The role of informal caregiving and household factors SO JAIDS-JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES LA English DT Article DE adherence; highly active antiretroviral therapy effectiveness; HIV/AIDS; home and community care; illicit injection drug users; social support structures ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; HEALTH-CARE PROVIDER; SOCIAL SUPPORT; SUBSTANCE USE; MEDICATION ADHERENCE; DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOMS; AIDS CAREGIVERS; SERVICE USE; HIV; MEN AB Active injection drug users (IDUs) are at high risk of unsuccessful highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). We sought to identify baseline factors differentiating IDUs' treatment success versus treatment failure over time among those taking HAART. Interventions for Seropositive Injectors-Research and Evaluation (INSPIRE) study participants were assessed at baseline and at 6- and 12-month follow-ups. Multinorninal regression determined baseline predictors of achieving or maintaining viral suppression relative to maintaining detectable viral loads over 12 months. Of 199 participants who were retained and remained on HAART, 133 (67%) had viral load change patterns included in the analysis. At follow-up, 66% maintained detectable viral loads and 15% achieved and 19% maintained viral suppression. Results indicated that those having informal care (instrumental or emotional support) were 4.6 times more likely to achieve or maintain viral suppression relative to experiencing treatment failure. Those who maintained viral suppression were 3.5 times less likely to live alone or to report social discomfort in taking HAART. Study results underscore the importance of micro-social factors of social network support, social isolation, and social stigma for successftil HAART outcomes among IDUs. The findings suggest that adherence interventions for IDUs should promote existing informal HIV caregiving, living with supportive others, and positive medication-taking norms among social networks. C1 Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Behav & Soc, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. Montefiore Med Ctr, Albert Einstein Coll Med, Div Gen Internal Med, Bronx, NY 10467 USA. NYU, Sch Med, Div Gen Internal Med, New York, NY USA. US Hlth Resources & Serv Adm, Special Projects Natl Significance, HIV AIDS Bur, Rockville, MD 20857 USA. Univ Miami, Leonard M Miller Sch Med, Dept Epidemiol & Publ Hlth, Miami, FL 33152 USA. Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Mental Hlth, San Francisco, CA USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Knowlton, AR (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Behav & Soc, 624 N Broadway,Room 286, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. EM aknowlto@jhsph.edu NR 64 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1525-4135 J9 JAIDS-J ACQ IMM DEF JI JAIDS PD NOV 1 PY 2007 VL 46 SU 2 BP S110 EP S119 PG 10 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 229SX UT WOS:000250825700011 PM 18089980 ER PT J AU Latka, MH Mizuno, Y Ru, YF Tobin, KE Metsch, LR Frye, V Gomez, CA Arnsten, JH AF Latka, Mary H. Mizuno, Yuko Ru, YingFeng Tobin, Karin E. Metsch, Lisa R. Frye, Victoria Gomez, Cynthia A. Arnsten, Julia H. CA INSPIRE Study Team TI Are feelings of responsibility to limit the sexual transmission of HIV associated with safer sex among HIV-positive injection drug users? SO JAIDS-JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES LA English DT Article DE HIV; injection drug user; responsibility; seropositive; sexual risk behavior ID SEROPOSITIVE MEN; RISK BEHAVIORS; SAN-FRANCISCO; PREVENTION; VIRUS; INTERVENTION; DISCLOSURE; INFECTION; TRIAL; SUMIT AB We developed a scale among HIV-positive injection drug users (IDUs) to measure self-perceived responsibility to limit HIV transmission during sex. We describe the characteristics of HIV-positive IDUs (n = 1114, 62% male, HIV-positive for 9 years on average) who felt responsible for protecting their sexual partners from HIV and evaluated whether such feelings were associated with safer sexual practices. Using this scale (Cronbach alpha = 0.83) and audio computer-assisted self-interviewing technology, 75% of this sample felt responsible for protecting their sexual partners from HIV In cross-sectional multivariate analysis, HIV-positive IDUs who felt responsible were those with greater HIV knowledge (adjusted odds ratio [95% confidence interval]: 1.74 [1.26 to 2.40]), perceived social support (1.77 [1.28 to 2.44]), self-efficacy for safely injecting (1.41 [1.02 to 1.94]), and self-efficacy for using condoms (1.92 [1.38 to 2.68]). Feeling responsible was associated with having relatively fewer sex partners (<10 vs. >= 10, 0.57 [0.34 to 0.96]) and a lower odds of unprotected sex (0.63 [0.45 to 0.89]) but was not associated with safer injection practices. Feelings of responsibility did not vary by demographic characteristics, suggesting that prevention messages that encourage HIV-positive people to play a role in curbing HIV transmission may be acceptable to many HIV-positive IDUs. Working with HIV-positive IDUs to increase or reinforce feelings of responsibility may reduce the sexual transmission of HIV C1 New York Acad Med, Ctr Urban Epidemiol Studies, New York, NY USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Behav & Soc, Baltimore, MD USA. Univ Miami, Leonard M Miller Sch Med, Dept Epidemiol & Publ Hlth, Miami, FL 33152 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Med, Ctr AIDS Prevent Studies, San Francisco, CA USA. Albert Einstein Coll Med, Bronx, NY 10467 USA. Montefiore Med Ctr, Bronx, NY 10467 USA. RP Latka, MH (reprint author), Aurum Inst Hlth Res, POB 61587,Marshalltown, ZA-2107 Johannesburg, Gauteng, South Africa. EM mlatka@auruminstitute.org NR 28 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 3 U2 4 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1525-4135 J9 JAIDS-J ACQ IMM DEF JI JAIDS PD NOV 1 PY 2007 VL 46 SU 2 BP S88 EP S95 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 229SX UT WOS:000250825700008 PM 18089989 ER PT J AU Metsch, LR Pereyra, M Purcell, DW Latkin, CA Malow, R Gomez, CA Latka, MH AF Metsch, Lisa R. Pereyra, Margaret Purcell, David W. Latkin, Carl A. Malow, Robert Gomez, Cynthia A. Latka, Mary H. CA INSPIRE Study Team TI Correlates of lending needles/syringes among HIV-seropositive injection drug users SO JAIDS-JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES LA English DT Article DE HIV; injection drug use; injection drug use equipment; injection risk behavior; seropositive ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; HIGH-RISK BEHAVIOR; HEPATITIS-C; TEMPORAL TRENDS; SAN-FRANCISCO; SEXUAL RISK; NEW-YORK; INFECTION; TRANSMISSION; NETWORK AB Among HIV-positive injection drug users (IDUs), we examined the correlates of lending needles/syringes with HIV-negative and unknown status injection partners. HIV-positive IDUs (N = 738) from 4 cities in the United States who reported injection drug use with other IDUs in the past 3 months participated in an audio computer-assisted self-administered interview. Eighteen percent of study participants self-reported having lent their needles to HIV-negative or unknown status injection partners. Multivariate analyses showed that 6 variables were significantly associated with this high-risk injecting practice. Older IDUs, high school graduates, and those reporting more supportive peer norms for safer drug use were less likely to lend needles/syringes. Admission to a hospital for drug treatment in the past 6 months, having injected with > 1 person in the past 3 months, and having more psychiatric symptoms were all associated with more risk. These findings underscore the need for a continued prevention focus on HIV-positive IDUs that recognizes the combination of drug use, mental health factors, and social factors that might affect this high-risk injecting practice, which could be associated with HIV and hepatitis C transmission. C1 Univ Miami, Leonard M Miller Sch Med, Dept Epidemiol & Publ Hlth, Miami, FL 33152 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Behav & Soc, Baltimore, MD USA. Florida Int Univ, Stempel Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Promot & Dis Prevent, Miami, FL 33199 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Med, San Francisco, CA USA. New York Acad Med, Ctr Urban Epidemiol Studies, New York, NY USA. RP Metsch, LR (reprint author), Univ Miami, Miller Sch Med, Dept Epidemiol & Publ Hlth, 1120 NW 14th St,Suite 917, Miami, FL 33136 USA. EM lmetsch@med.miami.edu NR 58 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 3 U2 4 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1525-4135 J9 JAIDS-J ACQ IMM DEF JI JAIDS PD NOV 1 PY 2007 VL 46 SU 2 BP S72 EP S79 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 229SX UT WOS:000250825700006 PM 18089987 ER PT J AU Mitchell, SG Edwards, LV Mackenzie, S Knowlton, AR Valverde, EE Arnsten, JH Santibanez, S Latka, MH Mizuno, Y AF Mitchell, Shannon Gwin Edwards, Lorece V. Mackenzie, Sonja Knowlton, Amy R. Valverde, Eduardo E. Arnsten, Julia H. Santibanez, Scott Latka, Mary H. Mizuno, Yuko CA INSPIRE Study Team TI Participants' descriptions of social support within a multisite intervention for HIV-seropositive injection drug users (INSPIRE) SO JAIDS-JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES LA English DT Article DE HIV; IDU; process evaluation; qualitative; risk reduction; social support ID ACTIVE ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; BEHAVIORAL INTERVENTION; RISK REDUCTION; ADHERENCE; PREDICTORS; INFECTION; MANAGEMENT; SYMPTOMS; HIV/AIDS; TRIAL AB HIV-positive injection drug users (IDUs) are at risk for transmitting HIV to their sex and injection partners, and compared with non-IDUs, they have poorer access to medical care and adherence to antiretroviral therapies. Social support has been linked with decreased injection and sexual risk behaviors and slower disease progression. In this qualitative process evaluation, we explored emotional support (ie, caring, empathy), informational support (ie, information, guidance, feedback), and appraisal support (ie, information for self-evaluation or understanding) received by participants in the Interventions for Seropositive Injectors-Research and Evaluation (INSPIRE) project, a multisite secondary prevention intervention for HIV-positive IDUs. Participants in the intervention and control conditions (N = 40) described similar experiences in terms of type, source, and perceived benefits of social support received from the program. Emotional support was received from program staff, other participants, and elements of the intervention. Participants also mentioned social support received from the INSPIRE project in relation to changes they had made in their lives during and after their involvement in the intervention, such as changes in their drug use, sexual practices, and health care utilization. C1 Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Behav & Soc, Baltimore, MD USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Univ Miami, Miller Sch Med, Miami, FL 33152 USA. Montefiore Med Ctr, Albert Einstein Coll Med, New York, NY USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA USA. New York Acad Med, Ctr Urban Epidemiol Studies, New York, NY USA. RP Mitchell, SG (reprint author), Friends Social Res Ctr, 1040 Pk Ave,Suite 103, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. EM smitchel@jhsph.edu NR 33 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1525-4135 J9 JAIDS-J ACQ IMM DEF JI JAIDS PD NOV 1 PY 2007 VL 46 SU 2 BP S55 EP S63 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 229SX UT WOS:000250825700004 PM 18089985 ER PT J AU Mizuno, Y Purcell, DW Mackenzie, S Tobin, KE Wunch, T Arnsten, JH Metsch, LR AF Mizuno, Yuko Purcell, David W. Mackenzie, Sonja Tobin, Karin E. Wunch, Toni Arnsten, Julia H. Metsch, Lisa R. CA INSPIRE Study Team TI Acceptability of A-CASI by HIV-positive IDUs in a multisite, randomized, controlled trial of behavioral intervention (INSPIRE) SO JAIDS-JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES LA English DT Article DE audio computer-assisted self-interviewing; attitudes; HIV; injection drug use; seropositive ID INJECTION-DRUG USERS; RIO-DE-JANEIRO; FACE-TO-FACE; AUDIO COMPUTER; SEXUAL-BEHAVIOR; INTERVIEW; RISK; BRAZIL AB Audio computer-assisted self-interviewing (A-CASI) is now widely used to gather information from many types of research participants, including injection drug users (IDUs). The purpose of this study was to describe how HIV-positive IDUs participating in an intervention trial viewed A-CASI and to identify the characteristics of participants who held unfavorable attitudes toward A-CASI. Using a sample of participants who completed 12-month assessments (n = 82 1), we found that most (> 80%) of the sample held favorable or neutral attitudes toward A-CASI. Approximately 18% said that they would prefer an interview with a person to a computer, 12% said that they did not understand the questions they heard on the computer, and 14% said that the computer made it hard to be open and honest about risk behavior. Multivariate analyses found that participants who were more socially marginalized (with unstable housing and lower sense of empowerment) and had greater physical limitations and lower CD4 cell counts were consistently more likely to report various negative A-CASI attitudes; however, some outcome-specific findings were also noted. Our research supports the feasibility and general acceptability of A-CASI with HIV-positive 1DUs, and it suggests further research exploring the associations between A-CASI attitudes and characteristics of disadvantaged populations. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Ctr AIDS Prevent Studies, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Behav & Soc, Baltimore, MD USA. Northrop Grumman, Atlanta, GA USA. Albert Einstein Coll Med, Dept Med, Div Gen Internal Med, Bronx, NY 10467 USA. Montefiore Med Ctr, Bronx, NY 10467 USA. Univ Miami, Leonard M Miller Sch Med, Dept Epidemiol & Publ Hlth, Miami, FL 33152 USA. RP Mizuno, Y (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mail Stop E37, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM ymizuno@cdc.gov NR 16 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1525-4135 J9 JAIDS-J ACQ IMM DEF JI JAIDS PD NOV 1 PY 2007 VL 46 SU 2 BP S48 EP S54 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 229SX UT WOS:000250825700003 PM 18089984 ER PT J AU Purcell, DW Latka, MH Metsch, LR Latkin, CA Gomez, CA Mizuno, Y Arnsten, JH Wilkinson, JD Knight, KR Knowlton, AR Santibanez, S Tobin, KE Rose, CD Valverde, EE Gourevitch, MN Eldred, L Borkowf, CB AF Purcell, David W. Latka, Mary H. Metsch, Lisa R. Latkin, Carl A. Gomez, Cynthia A. Mizuno, Yuko Arnsten, Julia H. Wilkinson, James D. Knight, Kelly R. Knowlton, Amy R. Santibanez, Scott Tobin, Karin E. Rose, Carol Dawson Valverde, Eduardo E. Gourevitch, Marc N. Eldred, Lois Borkowf, Craig B. CA INSPIRE Study Team TI Results from a randomized controlled trial of a peer-mentoring intervention to reduce HIV transmission and increase access to care and adherence to HIV medications among HIV-seropositive injection drug users SO JAIDS-JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES LA English DT Article DE HIV prevention intervention; injection drug use; randomized controlled trial; seropositive; sexual risk behavior ID SEXUAL-RISK BEHAVIOR; ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; PREVENTION INTERVENTION; BISEXUAL MEN; HEALTH-CARE; SEROSTATUS; EMPOWERMENT; INFECTION; SERVICES; BARRIERS AB Background: There is a lack of effective behavioral interventions for HIV-positive injection drug users (IDUs). We sought to evaluate the efficacy of an intervention to reduce sexual and injection transmission risk behaviors and to increase utilization of medical care and adherence to HIV medications among this population. Methods: HIV-positive IDUs (n = 966) recruited in 4 US cities were randomly assigned to a 10-session peer mentoring intervention or to an 8-session video discussion intervention (control condition). Participants completed audio computer-assisted self-interviews and had their blood drawn to measure CD4 cell count and viral load at baseline and at 3-month (no blood), 6-month, and 12-month follow-ups. Results: Overall retention rates for randomized participants were 87%, 83%, and 85% at 3, 6, and 12 months, respectively. Participants in both conditions reported significant reductions from baseline in injection and sexual transmission risk behaviors, but there were no significant differences between conditions. Participants in both conditions reported no change in medical care and adherence, and there were no significant differences between conditions. Conclusions: Both interventions led to decreases in risk behaviors but no changes in medical outcomes. The characteristics of the trial that may have contributed to these results are examined, and directions for future research are identified. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. New York Acad Med, Ctr Urban Epidemiol Studies, New York, NY USA. Univ Miami, Leonard M Miller Sch Med, Dept Epidemiol & Publ Hlth, Miami, FL 33152 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Behav & Soc, Baltimore, MD USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Med, Ctr AIDS Prevent Studies, San Francisco, CA USA. Montefiore Med Ctr, Albert Einstein Coll Med, Dept Med, Div Gen Internal Med, Bronx, NY 10467 USA. Univ Miami, Leonard M Miller Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Miami, FL 33152 USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Sch Nursing, Community Hlth Syst, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. NYU, Sch Med, Dept Med, Div Gen Internal Med, New York, NY USA. Hlth Resources & Serv Adm, Washington, DC USA. RP Purcell, DW (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E-37, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM dpurcell@cdc.gov NR 53 TC 72 Z9 72 U1 3 U2 7 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1525-4135 J9 JAIDS-J ACQ IMM DEF JI JAIDS PD NOV 1 PY 2007 VL 46 SU 2 BP S35 EP S47 PG 13 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 229SX UT WOS:000250825700002 PM 18089983 ER PT J AU Valverde, EE Purcell, DW Waldrop-Valverde, D Malow, R Knowlton, AR Gomez, CA Farrell, N Latka, MH AF Valverde, Eduardo E. Purcell, David W. Waldrop-Valverde, Drenna Malow, Robert Knowlton, Amy R. Gomez, Cynthia A. Farrell, Nisha Latka, Mary H. CA INSPIRE Study Team TI Correlates of depression among HIV-positive women and men who inject drugs SO JAIDS-JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES LA English DT Article DE depression; gender; HIV; injection drug use ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY; SOCIAL SUPPORT; SYMPTOMS; USERS; ADHERENCE; INFECTION; MEDICATION; HEALTH; DISORDERS AB Introduction: Although depression is common among HIV-positive injection drug users (IDUs), little is known about differences between male and female HIV-positive IDUs. Methods: We used baseline data for 1126 HIV-positive IDUs from a behavioral intervention trial from 2001 through 2005 in 4 US cities. Using the Brief Symptom Inventory-18, scores indicating high risk for depression were calculated separately for men and women based on raw scores of 9 for women and 7 for men. We did separate logistic regressions for men and women to evaluate correlates of depression in 4 domains: sociodemographic, psychosocial, substance use, and sexual behaviors/attitudes. Results: Approximately one third of women and men met the criteria for being at high risk of depression. Women reported significantly more depressive symptoms than men. Correlates linked with depression for both genders included perceived functional limitation, greater negative feelings regarding condom use, lower social support, and lower sense of empowerment. Being physically abused as adults and being Hispanic were correlates specific to men. No unique correlate was identified for women. Discussion: Because of the high prevalence of depression among HIV-positive IDUs, caregivers should screen HIV-positive IDUs for depression and consider treatment for depression. Because of the similarities in correlates of depression among men and women, case finding and interventions for depression are likely to be similar for male and female HIV-positive IDUs. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. Univ Miami, Miller Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, Miami, FL 33152 USA. Florida Int Univ, Stempel Sch Publ Hlth, Miami, FL 33199 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Ctr AIDS Prevent Studies, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. New York Acad Med, Ctr Urban Epidemiol Studies, New York, NY USA. RP Valverde, EE (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS E46, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM evalverde@cdc.gov NR 34 TC 15 Z9 17 U1 3 U2 4 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1525-4135 J9 JAIDS-J ACQ IMM DEF JI JAIDS PD NOV 1 PY 2007 VL 46 SU 2 BP S96 EP S100 PG 5 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 229SX UT WOS:000250825700009 PM 18089990 ER PT J AU Wilkinson, JD Zhao, W Arnsten, JH Knowlton, AR Mizuno, Y Shade, SB Gourevitch, MN Santibanez, S Metsch, LR AF Wilkinson, James D. Zhao, Wei Arnsten, Julia H. Knowlton, Amy R. Mizuno, Yuko Shade, Starley B. Gourevitch, Marc N. Santibanez, Scott Metsch, Lisa R. CA INSPIRE Study Team TI Longitudinal correlates of health care-seeking behaviors among HIV-seropositive injection drug users - How can we intervene to improve health care utilization? SO JAIDS-JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES LA English DT Article DE AIDS; health care utilization; HIV; substance abuse; intravenous ID IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS INFECTION; MEDICAL-CARE; EMERGENCY-DEPARTMENT; SERVICES UTILIZATION; ABUSE; ADHERENCE; COST AB Objective: To identify modifiable factors associated with health care utilization by HIV-negative seropositive injection drug users (IDUs). Methods: We analyzed longitudinal data from 966 participants in a randomized controlled trial of a behavioral intervention designed to address medical care, adherence, and risk reduction. The outcomes of this study were usual place for care (clinic vs. emergency room) and frequency of primary care visits. Results: Results of multiple logistic regression analysis showed that increase in "importance of HIV care scale" score (odds ratio [OR] = 2.99; P < 0.001), empowerment (OR = 3.53; P < 0.001), utilization of case management (OR = 3.07; P = 0.007), and having a stable residence (OR = 2.63; P = 0.008) were significantly associated with participants being "clinic users." Increase in importance of HIV care scale score (OR = 5.65; P = 0.01) increased empowerment (OR = 2.42- P = 0.005), taking greater control of one's health (OR = 2.17; P = 0. 001), having health insurance (OR = 2.58; P = 0.003), utilization of case management (OR 3.14; P = 0.027), and CD4 count >= 200 cells/mm(3) (OR = 2.09; P = 0.007) were significantly associated with reporting 2 or more primary HIV care visits in the past 6 months. Conclusions: Future interventions for this population may be strengthened by addressing the importance of HIV primary care; empowering participants with respect to the health care system; and promoting linkages to case management, health insurance, and local housing programs. C1 Univ Miami, Leonard M Miller Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Miami, FL 33152 USA. Univ Miami, Leonard M Miller Sch Med, Dept Epidemiol & Publ Hlth, Miami, FL 33152 USA. Montefiore Med Ctr, Albert Einstein Coll Med, Div Gen Internal Med, Dept Med, Bronx, NY 10467 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Hlth Behav & Soc, Baltimore, MD USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div HIV AIDS Prevent, Natl Ctr HIV AIDS Viral Hepatitis STD & TB Preven, Atlanta, GA USA. Univ Calif San Francisco, Ctr AIDS Prevent Studies, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. NYU, Sch Med, Dept Med, Div Gen Internal Med, New York, NY USA. RP Wilkinson, JD (reprint author), Univ Miami, Miller Sch Med, Dept Epidemiol & Publ Hlth, POB 016069 R669, Miami, FL 33101 USA. EM jwilkins@med.miami.edu FU PHS HHS [U50CCU317999] NR 29 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 5 U2 6 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1525-4135 J9 JAIDS-J ACQ IMM DEF JI JAIDS PD NOV 1 PY 2007 VL 46 SU 2 BP S120 EP S126 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 229SX UT WOS:000250825700012 PM 18089981 ER PT J AU Eaton, DK Brener, ND Kann, L Pittman, V AF Eaton, Danice K. Brener, Nancy D. Kann, Laura Pittman, Vicki TI High school student responses to different question formats assessing race/ethnicity SO JOURNAL OF ADOLESCENT HEALTH LA English DT Article DE race; ethnicity; high school students ID ETHNICITY; RACE AB Purpose: In 2005, the format for assessing race/ethnicity on the national Youth Risk Behavior Survey (YRBS) was changed from one to two questions. The 2005 Chicago YRBS included the single-question and two-question formats, providing an opportunity to identify how the change affects reporting of race/ethnicity. Methods: Students in grades 9-12 (n = 808) were asked at the beginning of a 91-item questionnaire, "How do you describe yourself?" with "Hispanic or Latino" as one of several response options. At the end of the questionnaire, students were asked, "Are you Hispanic or Latino?" and then "What is your race?" Results: Using standard algorithms to categorize students, 10.6% were classified as White, 46.2% as Black, 33.2% as Hispanic/Latino, 9.2% as other, and.9% as missing based on the single-question format. The two-question format yielded a similar distribution: 10.3% White, 41.1% Black, 34.8% Hispanic/Latino, 8.2% other, and 5.7% missing. The difference between these distributions was explained by the disproportionate number of Black students who left multiple questions blank at the end of the questionnaire. Regardless of whether the single-question or two-question format was used, 92.0% of students were classified the same (K =.85) when comparing distributions of the four-category race/ethnicity variable. Conclusions: These results suggest self-reported race/ethnicity among high school students is similar regardless of which question format is used, and the changed format will not affect the ability of YRBS data users to conduct trend analysis by race/ethnicity. (c) 2007 Society for Adolescent Medicine. All rights reserved. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Chron Dis Prevent & Hlth Promot, Div Adolescent & Sch Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. Chicago Publ Sch, Off Specialized Serv, Chicago, IL USA. RP Eaton, DK (reprint author), 4770 Buford Highway,NE,MS k-33, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM Dhe0@cdc.gov NR 10 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1054-139X J9 J ADOLESCENT HEALTH JI J. Adolesc. Health PD NOV PY 2007 VL 41 IS 5 BP 488 EP 494 DI 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2007.05.017 PG 7 WC Psychology, Developmental; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pediatrics SC Psychology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pediatrics GA 224TN UT WOS:000250469400010 PM 17950169 ER PT J AU Zinnanti, WJ Lazovic, J Housman, C LaNoue, K O'Callaghan, JP Simpson, I Woontner, M Goodman, SI Connor, JR Jacobs, RE Cheng, KC AF Zinnanti, William J. Lazovic, Jelena Housman, Cathy LaNoue, Kathryn O'Callaghan, James P. Simpson, Ian Woontner, Michael Goodman, Stephen I. Connor, James R. Jacobs, Russell E. Cheng, Keith C. TI Mechanism of age-dependent susceptibility and novel treatment strategy in glutaric acidemia type I SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION LA English DT Article ID COA DEHYDROGENASE-DEFICIENCY; PERFORMANCE LIQUID-CHROMATOGRAPHY; BLOOD-BRAIN-BARRIER; ACIDURIA TYPE-I; AMINO-ACIDS; HUNTINGTONS-DISEASE; RAT-BRAIN; GLUTAMATE DECARBOXYLASE; METABOLIC DISORDER; NATURAL-HISTORY AB Glutaric acidemia type I (GA-I) is an inherited disorder of lysine and tryptophan metabolism presenting with striatal lesions anatomically and symptomatically similar to Huntington disease. Affected children commonly suffer acute brain injury in the context of a catabolic state associated with nonspecific illness. The mechanisms underlying injury and age-dependent susceptibility have been unknown, and lack of a diagnostic marker heralding brain injury has impeded intervention efforts. Using a mouse model of GA-I, we show that pathologic events began in the neuronal compartment while enhanced lysine accumulation in the immature brain allowed increased glutaric acid production resulting in age-dependent injury. Glutamate and GABA depletion correlated with brain glutaric acid accumulation and could be monitored in vivo by proton nuclear magnetic resonance (H-1 NMR) spectroscopy as a diagnostic marker. Blocking brain lysine uptake reduced glutaric acid levels and brain injury. These findings provide what we believe are new monitoring and treatment strategies that may translate for use in human GA-I C1 Penn State Coll Med, Dept Pathol, Jake Gittlen Canc Res Fdn, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Hershey, PA 17033 USA. Penn State Coll Med, Dept Pharmacol, Hershey, PA 17033 USA. CALTECH, Beckman Inst, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. Penn State Coll Med, Dept Cellular & Mol Physiol, Hershey, PA 17033 USA. Penn State Coll Med, Dept Biochem, Hershey, PA 17033 USA. NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Morgantown, WV USA. Penn State Coll Med, Dept Neural & Behav Sci, Hershey, PA 17033 USA. Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pediat, Denver, CO 80262 USA. Penn State Coll Med, Dept Neurosurg, Hershey, PA 17033 USA. RP Zinnanti, WJ (reprint author), Penn State Coll Med, Dept Pathol, Jake Gittlen Canc Res Fdn, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, 500 Univ Dr, Hershey, PA 17033 USA. EM wjz105@psu.edu; kcheng76@gmail.com RI Cheng, Keith/B-6506-2011; O'Callaghan, James/O-2958-2013 FU NCRR NIH HHS [U24 RR021760, 6R24RR017331]; NINDS NIH HHS [1F32NS058164-01, 1F32NS058164-01A1, F32 NS058164, R01 NS038641, R01 NS38641] NR 56 TC 59 Z9 60 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC CLINICAL INVESTIGATION INC PI ANN ARBOR PA 35 RESEARCH DR, STE 300, ANN ARBOR, MI 48103 USA SN 0021-9738 J9 J CLIN INVEST JI J. Clin. Invest. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 117 IS 11 BP 3258 EP 3270 DI 10.1172/JCI31617 PG 13 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA 227RR UT WOS:000250676000019 PM 17932566 ER PT J AU Bird, BH Bawiec, DA Ksiazek, TG Shoemaker, TR Nichol, ST AF Bird, Brian H. Bawiec, Darcy A. Ksiazek, Thomas G. Shoemaker, Trevor R. Nichol, Stuart T. TI Highly sensitive and broadly reactive quantitative reverse transcription-PCR assay for high-throughput detection of rift valley fever virus SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SAUDI-ARABIA; LAMBS AB Rift Valley fever (RVF) virus is a mosquito-borne virus associated with large-scale epizootics/epidemics throughout Africa and the Arabian peninsula. Virus infection can result in economically disastrous "abortion storms" and high newborn mortality in livestock. Human infections result in a flu-like illness, with 1 to 2% of patients developing severe complications, including encephalitis or hemorrhagic fever with high fatality rates. There is a critical need for a highly sensitive and specific molecular diagnostic assay capable of detecting the natural genetic spectrum of RVF viruses. We report here the establishment of a pan-RVF virus quantitative real-time reverse transcription-PCR assay with high analytical sensitivity (similar to 5 RNA copies of in vitro-transcribed RNA/reaction or similar to 0.1 PFU of infectious virus/reaction) and efficiency (standard curve slope = -3.66). Based on the alignments of the complete genome sequences of 40 ecologically and biologically diverse virus isolates collected over 56 years (1944 to 2000), the primer and probe annealing sites targeted in this assay are known to be located in highly conserved genomic regions. The performance of this assay relative to serologic assays is illustrated by testing of known RVF case materials obtained during the Saudi Arabia outbreak in 2000. Furthermore, analysis of acute-phase blood samples collected from human patients (25 nonfatal, 8 fatal) during that outbreak revealed that patient viremia at time of presentation at hospital may be a useful prognostic tool in determining patient outcome. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis,Special Pathogens Bra, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. Univ Calif Davis, Sch Vet Med, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Nichol, ST (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Infect Dis, Natl Ctr Zoonot Vector Borne & Enter Dis, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis,Special Pathogens Bra, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS G-14, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM stn1@cdc.gov NR 16 TC 57 Z9 60 U1 2 U2 5 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 45 IS 11 BP 3506 EP 3513 DI 10.1128/JCM.00936-07 PG 8 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 231FU UT WOS:000250932700004 PM 17804663 ER PT J AU Schmink, S Watson, JT Coulson, GB Jones, RC Diaz, PS Mayer, LW Wilkins, PP Messonnier, N Gerber, SI Fischer, M AF Schmink, Susanna Watson, John T. Coulson, Garry B. Jones, Roderick C. Diaz, Pamela S. Mayer, Leonard W. Wilkins, Patricia P. Messonnier, Nancy Gerber, Susan I. Fischer, Marc TI Molecular epidemiology of Neisseria meningitidis isolates from an outbreak of meningococcal disease among men who have sex with men, Chicago, Illinois, 2003 SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES; SEROGROUP-C; COMMUNITY; DIVERSITY; PATRONAGE; CLONE; ET-15 AB We characterized five Neisseria meningitidis serogroup C isolates from a Chicago outbreak of meningococcal disease that occurred in 2003 among a community of men who have sex with men. Isolates from this outbreak were identical to each other but distinct from the clone that caused a similar outbreak in Canada in 2001. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Meningitis & Vaccine Preventable Dis Branch, DBD, NCIRD, Atlanta, GA USA. Chicago Dept Publ Hlth, Chicago, IL USA. Natl Inst Communicable Dis, Resp & Meningeal Pathogens Res Unit, Johannesburg, South Africa. RP Schmink, S (reprint author), CDC, Meningitis & Vaccine Preventable Dis Branch, DBD, NCIRD, Mailstop D-11,1600 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM zma6@cdc.gov FU Wellcome Trust NR 14 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 45 IS 11 BP 3768 EP 3770 DI 10.1128/JCM.01190-07 PG 3 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 231FU UT WOS:000250932700044 PM 17728467 ER PT J AU Moore, CL Smagala, JA Smith, CB Dawson, ED Cox, NJ Kuchta, RD Rowlen, KL AF Moore, Chad L. Smagala, James A. Smith, Catherine B. Dawson, Erica D. Cox, Nancy J. Kuchta, Robert D. Rowlen, Kathy L. TI Evaluation of whip with historic subtype H1N1 influenza A viruses, including the 1918 "Spanish flu" strain SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID FLUCHIP DIAGNOSTIC MICROARRAY; SURVEILLANCE; MCHIP AB The robustness of a recently developed diagnostic microarray for influenza, the MChip, was evaluated with 16 historic subtype H1N1 influenza A viruses (A/H1N1), including A/Brevig Mission/l/1918. The matrix gene segments from all 16 viruses were successfully detected on the array. An artificial neural network trained with temporally related A/H1N1 viruses identified A/Brevig Mission/1/1918 as influenza virus A/H1N1 with 94% probability. C1 Univ Colorado, Dept Chem & Biochem, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. InDevr Inc, Boulder, CO 80301 USA. RP Rowlen, KL (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Dept Chem & Biochem, Boulder, CO 80309 USA. EM Rowlen@colorado.edu FU NIAID NIH HHS [U01 AI056528] NR 12 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 45 IS 11 BP 3807 EP 3810 DI 10.1128/JCM.01089-07 PG 4 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 231FU UT WOS:000250932700055 PM 17855577 ER PT J AU Ray, P Sharma, S Agarwal, RK Longmei, K Gentsch, JR Paul, VK Glass, RI Bhan, AK AF Ray, Pratima Sharma, S. Agarwal, R. K. Longmei, K. Gentsch, J. R. Paul, V. K. Glass, R. I. Bhan, A. K. TI First detection of G12 rotaviruses in newborns with neonatal rotavirus infection at all India institute of medical sciences, New Delhi, India SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID GROUP-A ROTAVIRUSES; STRAINS; CHILDREN; DIARRHEA; GENE; SPECIFICITY; ANTIBODIES; EMERGENCE; SEROTYPES; GENOTYPE AB Rotavirus genotype G12 strains were detected for the first time among newborns with asymptomatic rotavirus infection (74% of 39 rotavirus strains isolated from the infected infants were genotype G12) in the nursery of the All India Institute of Medical Sciences during a period from 2005 to 2006. Sequence analysis of the VP7 genes from these neonatal strains indicated a high level of homology to other G12 strains reported worldwide, suggesting the recent emergence of these strains in humans. Such nosocomial infections of newborns represent a potential source of introduction of novel rotavirus serotypes into the community. C1 All India Inst Med Sci, Ctr Diarrheal Dis Res, Dept Pediat, Neonatol Unit, New Delhi 110029, India. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Gastroenteritis & Respiratory Viruses Lab Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. NIH, Fogarty Int Ctr, Bethesda, MD USA. RP Ray, P (reprint author), All India Inst Med Sci, Ctr Diarrheal Dis Res, Dept Pediat, New Delhi 110029, India. EM pratimaray@gmail.com OI Ray, Pratima/0000-0002-2182-2279 NR 21 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 45 IS 11 BP 3824 EP 3827 DI 10.1128/JCM.01288-07 PG 4 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 231FU UT WOS:000250932700060 PM 17728476 ER PT J AU Risher, JF De Rosa, CT AF Risher, John F. De Rosa, Christopher T. TI Inorganic: The other mercury SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH LA English DT Article ID RANDOMIZED CLINICAL-TRIAL; SKIN-LIGHTENING CREAMS; ELEMENTAL MERCURY; METALLIC MERCURY; SUBCUTANEOUS INJECTION; INDUCED AUTOIMMUNITY; NEPHROTIC SYNDROME; PATENT MEDICINES; DENTAL AMALGAM; VAPOR EXPOSURE AB There is a broad array of mercury species to which humans may be exposed. While exposure to methylmercury through fish consumption is widely recognized, the public is less aware of the sources and potential toxicity of inorganic forms of mercury. Some oral and laboratory thermometers, barometers, small batteries, thermostats, gas pressure regulators, light switches, dental amalgam fillings, cosmetic products, medications, cultural/religious practices, and gold mining all represent potential sources of exposure to inorganic forms of mercury. The route of exposure, the extent of absorption, the pharmacokinetics, and the effects all vary with the specific form of mercury and the magnitude and duration of exposure. If exposure is suspected, a number of tissue analyses can be conducted to confirm exposure or to determine whether an exposure might reasonably be expected to be biologically significant. By contrast with determination of exposure to methylmercury, for which hair and blood are credible indicators, urine is the preferred biological medium for the determination of exposure to inorganic mercury, including elemental mercury, with blood normally being of value only if exposure is ongoing. Although treatments are available to help rid the body of mercury in cases of extreme exposure, prevention of exposure will make such treatments unnecessary. Knowing the sources of mercury and avoiding unnecessary exposure are the prudent ways of preventing mercury intoxication. When exposure occurs, it should be kept in mind that not all unwanted exposures will result in adverse health consequences. In all cases, elimination of the source of exposure should be the first priority of public health officials. C1 ATSDR, Appl Toxicol Branch, Div Toxicol & Environm Med, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Risher, JF (reprint author), ATSDR, Appl Toxicol Branch, Div Toxicol & Environm Med, F-32,1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM jrisher@cdc.gov NR 90 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 5 PU NATL ENVIRON HEALTH ASSOC PI DENVER PA 720 S COLORADO BLVD SUITE 970, SOUTH TOWER, DENVER, CO 80246 USA SN 0022-0892 J9 J ENVIRON HEALTH JI J. Environ. Health PD NOV PY 2007 VL 70 IS 4 BP 9 EP 16 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 226XE UT WOS:000250621000002 PM 18044248 ER PT J AU Wattigney, WA Kaye, WE Orr, MF AF Wattigney, Wendy A. Kaye, Wendy E. Orr, Maureen F. TI Acute hazardous substance releases resulting in adverse health consequences in children: Hazardous substances emergency events surveillance system, 1996-2003 SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH LA English DT Article ID HSEES SYSTEM; MORTALITY; MORBIDITY; STATES AB Because of their small size and ongoing organ development, children may be more susceptible than adults to the harmful effects of toxic chemicals. The objective of the study reported here was. to identify frequent locations, released substances, and factors contributing to short-term chemical exposures associated with adverse health consequences experienced by children. The study examined the Hazardous Substances Emergency Events Surveillance (HSEES) system data from 1996-2003. Eligible events involved the acute release of a hazardous substance associated with at least one child being injured. The study found that injured children were predominantly at school, home, or a recreational center when events took place.- School-related events were associated with the accidental release of acids and the release of pepper spray by pranksters. Carbon monoxide, poisonings occurring in the home, retail stores, entertainment facilities, and hotels were responsible for about 10 percent of events involving child victims. Chlorine was one of the top chemicals harmful to children, particularly at public swimming pools. Although human error contributed to the majority of releases involving child victims, equipment failure was responsible for most chlorine and ammonia releases. The authors conclude that chemical releases resulting in injury to children occur mostly in schools, homes, and recreational areas. Surveillance of acute hazardous chemical releases helped identify contributing causes and can guide the development of prevention outreach activities. Chemical accidents cannot be entirely prevented, but efforts can be taken to provide safer environments in which children can live, learn, and play. Wide dissemination of safety recommendations and education programs is required to protect children from needless environmental dangers. C1 Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registry, Div Hlth Studies, Epidemiol & Surveillance Branch, Atlanta, GA 30345 USA. RP Wattigney, WA (reprint author), Agcy Tox Subst & Dis Registry, Div Hlth Studies, Epidemiol & Surveillance Branch, 2400 Century Pkwy, Atlanta, GA 30345 USA. EM wdw0@cdc.gov NR 28 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU NATL ENVIRON HEALTH ASSOC PI DENVER PA 720 S COLORADO BLVD SUITE 970, SOUTH TOWER, DENVER, CO 80246 USA SN 0022-0892 J9 J ENVIRON HEALTH JI J. Environ. Health PD NOV PY 2007 VL 70 IS 4 BP 17 EP 24 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 226XE UT WOS:000250621000003 PM 18044249 ER PT J AU Blake, R AF Blake, Rob TI Revitalization: Are we there yet? SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH LA English DT Editorial Material C1 CDC, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Div Emergency & Environm Hlth Serv, Environm Hlth Serv Branch, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. RP Blake, R (reprint author), CDC, Natl Ctr Environm Hlth, Div Emergency & Environm Hlth Serv, Environm Hlth Serv Branch, 4770 Buford Highway,NE MS F-28, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM rgblake@cdc.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATL ENVIRON HEALTH ASSOC PI DENVER PA 720 S COLORADO BLVD SUITE 970, SOUTH TOWER, DENVER, CO 80246 USA SN 0022-0892 J9 J ENVIRON HEALTH JI J. Environ. Health PD NOV PY 2007 VL 70 IS 4 BP 47 EP 48 PG 2 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 226XE UT WOS:000250621000009 PM 18044255 ER PT J AU Reichard, AA Langlois, JA Sample, PL Wald, MM Pickelsimer, EE AF Reichard, Audrey A. Langlois, Jean A. Sample, Pat L. Wald, Marlena M. Pickelsimer, E. Elisabeth TI Violence, abuse, and neglect among people with traumatic brain injuries SO JOURNAL OF HEAD TRAUMA REHABILITATION LA English DT Article DE abuse; disability; neglect; prevention; qualitative research; traumatic brain injury; violence; victimization ID PERSONAL ASSISTANCE PROVIDERS; SEXUAL-ABUSE; DEVELOPMENTAL-DISABILITIES; PHYSICAL-DISABILITIES; LEARNING-DISABILITIES; WOMEN; ADULTS AB Background: Violence, abuse, and neglect (VAN) among people with physical and other disabilities has been reported; however, little is known about VAN experiences among people with traumatic brain injuries (TBI). Methods: Nine people who reported experiencing VAN post-TBI were interviewed for this phenomenological study. The data were analyzed to understand VAN as experienced by those with TBI. Results: Participants detailed many VAN experiences along with contributing factors, barriers in obtaining help, and recommendations for improving preventive and assistance services. Conclusions: Greater efforts are needed to identify and prevent VAN among people with TBI. Services following VAN must be improved. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Div Injury Response, Atlanta, GA USA. Colorado State Univ, Dept Occupat Therapy, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. Lockheed Martin Corp, Atlanta, GA USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Div Epidemiol, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. RP Reichard, AA (reprint author), NIOSH, Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Safety Res, 1095 Willowdale Rd,MS H1808, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM AReichard@cdc.gov NR 48 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0885-9701 J9 J HEAD TRAUMA REHAB JI J. Head Trauma Rehabil. PD NOV-DEC PY 2007 VL 22 IS 6 BP 390 EP 402 DI 10.1097/01.HTR.0000300234.36361.b1 PG 13 WC Clinical Neurology; Rehabilitation SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Rehabilitation GA 234RN UT WOS:000251181500009 PM 18025971 ER PT J AU Dare, RK Fry, AM Chittaganpitch, M Sawanpanyalert, P Olsen, SJ Erdman, DD AF Dare, Ryan K. Fry, Alicia M. Chittaganpitch, Malinee Sawanpanyalert, Pathom Olsen, Sonja J. Erdman, Dean D. TI Human coronavirus infections in rural Thailand: A comprehensive study using real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction assays SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 22nd Annual Meeting of the Pan-American-Society-for-Clinical-Virology CY APR 25-MAY 05, 2006 CL Clearwater, FL SP Pan Amer Soc Clin Virol ID RESPIRATORY-TRACT DISEASE; SARS-ASSOCIATED CORONAVIRUS; SEROEPIDEMIOLOGIC SURVEY; NL63 INFECTION; YOUNG-CHILDREN; PCR ASSAYS; HONG-KONG; HKU1; VIRUS; OC43 AB Background. We sought to determine whether infections with human coronaviruses (HCoVs) 229E, OC43, HKU1, and NL63 are associated with pneumonia and to define the epidemiology of HCoV infection in rural Thailand. Methods. We developed a real-time reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay panel for the recognized HCoV types and compared HCoV infections in patients hospitalized with pneumonia, outpatients with influenza-like illness, and asymptomatic control patients between September 2003 and August 2005. Results. During study year 1, 43 (5.9%) of 734 patients with pneumonia had HCoV infections; 72.1% of the infections were with OC43. During study year 2, when control patients were available, 21 (1.8%) of 1156 patients with pneumonia, 12 (2.3%) of 513 outpatients, and 6 (2.1%) of 281 control patients had HCoV infections. Compared with infection in control patients, infection with any HCoV type or with all types combined was not associated with pneumonia (adjusted odds ratio for all HCoV types, 0.67 [ 95% confidence interval, 0.26 -1.75]; P = .40). HCoV infections were detected throughout both study years; 93.6% of OC43 infections in the first year occurred from January through March. Conclusions. HCoV infections were infrequently detected in rural Thailand by use of sensitive real-time RTPCR assays. We found no association between HCoV infection and illness. However, we noted year-to-year variation in the prevalence of HCoV strains, which likely influenced our results. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Resp & Gastroenteritis Viruses Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidemiol Branch, Div Viral Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Emerging Infect & Surveillance Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. Thailand Minist Publ Hlth, Natl Inst Hlth, Nonthaburi, Thailand. RP Fry, AM (reprint author), 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop A20, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM agf1@cdc.gov NR 50 TC 87 Z9 90 U1 0 U2 3 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD NOV 1 PY 2007 VL 196 IS 9 BP 1321 EP 1328 DI 10.1086/521308 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 218JC UT WOS:000250010800010 PM 17922396 ER PT J AU Hicks, LA Harrison, LH Flannery, B Hadler, JL Schaffner, W Craig, AS Jackson, D Thomas, A Beall, B Lynfield, R Reingold, A Farley, MM Whitney, CG AF Hicks, Lauri A. Harrison, Lee H. Flannery, Brendan Hadler, James L. Schaffner, William Craig, Allen S. Jackson, Delois Thomas, Ann Beall, Bernard Lynfield, Ruth Reingold, Arthur Farley, Monica M. Whitney, Cynthia G. CA Active Bacterial Core Surveillance TI Incidence of pneumococcal disease due to non-pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) serotypes in the united states during the era of widespread PCV7 vaccination, 1998-2004 SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 43rd Annual Meeting of the Infectious-Diseases-Society-of-America CY OCT 06-09, 2005 CL San Francisco, CA SP Infect Dis Soc Amer ID STREPTOCOCCUS-PNEUMONIAE INFECTIONS; DAY-CARE-CENTERS; NASOPHARYNGEAL CARRIAGE; INVASIVE-DISEASE; CHILDREN; IMPACT; ADULTS; COLONIZATION; EPIDEMIOLOGY; REPLACEMENT AB Background. Widespread use of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) resulted in decreases in invasive disease among children and elderly persons. The benefits may be offset by increases in disease due to serotypes not included in the vaccine (hereafter, "nonvaccine serotypes"). We evaluated the effect of PCV7 on incidence of disease due to nonvaccine serotypes. Methods. Cases of invasive disease were identified in 8 geographic areas through the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's Active Bacterial Core surveillance. Serotyping and susceptibility testing of isolates were performed. We calculated the incidence of disease for children aged ! 5 years and adults aged >= 65 years. We compared rates of serotype-specific disease before and after PCV7 was licensed for use. Results. The annual incidence of disease due to nonvaccine serotypes increased from an average of 16.3 cases/100,000 population during prevaccine years (1998 - 1999) to 19.9 cases/100,000 population in 2004 for children aged <5 years (P = .01) and from 27.0 cases/100,000 population during prevaccine years to 29.8 cases/100,000 population in 2004 for adults aged >= 65 years (P = .05). Significant increases in the incidences of disease due to serotypes 3, 15, 19A, 22F, and 33F were observed among children during this period (for each serotype); P < .05 serotype 19A has become the predominant cause of invasive disease in children. The incidence of disease due to these serotypes also increased among elderly persons. Conclusions. The incidence of pneumococcal disease caused by nonvaccine serotypes is increasing. Ongoing surveillance is needed to monitor the magnitude of disease caused by nonvaccine serotypes, to ensure that future vaccines target the appropriate serotypes. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Resp Dis Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Epidem Intelligence Serv, Atlanta, GA USA. Emory Univ, Sch Med, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Atlanta, GA 30033 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. Connecticut Dept Publ Hlth & Addict Serv, Hartford, CT 06106 USA. Vanderbilt Univ, Sch Med, Dept Prevent Med, Nashville, TN 37212 USA. Tennessee Dept Hlth, Nashville, TN USA. Oregon Publ Hlth Div, Portland, OR USA. Minnesota Dept Hlth, St Paul, MN USA. Univ Calif Berkeley, Sch Publ Hlth, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Hicks, LA (reprint author), 1600 Clifton Rd,Mailstop C-23, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM lhicks@cdc.gov NR 28 TC 484 Z9 496 U1 0 U2 11 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD NOV 1 PY 2007 VL 196 IS 9 BP 1346 EP 1354 DI 10.1086/521626 PG 9 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 218JC UT WOS:000250010800013 PM 17922399 ER PT J AU Green, MD van Eijk, AM ter Kuile, FOV Ayisi, JG Parise, ME Kager, PA Nahlen, BL Steketee, R Nettey, H AF Green, Michael D. van Eijk, Annemieke M. ter Kuile, Feiko O. van Ayisi, John G. Parise, Monica E. Kager, Piet A. Nahlen, Bernard L. Steketee, Richard Nettey, Henry TI Pharmacokinetics of sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine in HIV-infected and uninfected pregnant women in western Kenya SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID PLASMA-CONCENTRATIONS; MALARIA; MEFLOQUINE; EFFICACY; HEALTHY; MALAWI AB Background. Sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) is among the most commonly used antimalarial drugs during pregnancy, yet the pharmacokinetics of SP are unknown in pregnant women. HIV-infected (HIV+) women require more frequent doses of intermittent preventive therapy with SP than do HIV- uninfected (HIV-) women. We investigated whether this reflects their impaired immunity or an HIV- associated alteration in the disposition of SP. Methods. Seventeen pregnant HIV- women and 16 pregnant HIV+ women received a dose of 1500 mg of sulfadoxine and 75 mg of pyrimethamine. Five HIV- and 6 HIV+ postpartum women returned 2-3 months after delivery for another dose. The pharmacokinetics of sulfadoxine and pyrimethamine were compared between these groups. Results. HIV status did not affect the area under the curve (AUC(0 ->infinity)) or the half-lives of sulfadoxine or pyrimethamine in prepartum or postpartum women, although partum status did have a significant affect on sulfadoxine pharmacokinetics. Among prepartum women, the median half-life for sulfadoxine was significantly shorter than that observed in postpartum women (148 vs 256 h; P<.001), and the median AUC(0 ->infinity) was similar to 40% lower (22,816 vs 40,106 mg/ mL/ h, P<.001). HIV status and partum status did not show any significant influence on pyrimethamine pharmacokinetics. Conclusion. Pregnancy significantly modifies the disposition of SP, whereas HIV status has little influence on pharmacokinetic parameters in pregnant women. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. Univ Amsterdam, Acad Med Ctr, Dept Infect Dis Trop Med &AIDS, NL-1012 WX Amsterdam, Netherlands. Univ Liverpool, Liverpool Sch Trop Med, Liverpool L3 5QA, Merseyside, England. Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Ctr Vector Biol & Control Res, Kisumu, Kenya. US Agcy Int Dev, Washington, DC 20523 USA. PATH, Ferney Voltaire, France. RP Green, MD (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Parasit Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop F12, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM MGreen@cdc.gov OI ter Kuile, Feiko/0000-0003-3663-5617 NR 22 TC 43 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD NOV 1 PY 2007 VL 196 IS 9 BP 1403 EP 1408 DI 10.1086/522632 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 218JC UT WOS:000250010800020 PM 17922406 ER PT J AU Rand, PW Lacombe, EH Dearborn, R Cahill, B Elias, S Lubelczyk, CB Beckett, GA Smith, RP AF Rand, Peter W. Lacombe, Eleanor H. Dearborn, Richard Cahill, Bruce Elias, Susan Lubelczyk, Charles B. Beckett, Geoff A. Smith, Robert P., Jr. TI Passive surveillance in Maine, an area emergent for tick-borne diseases SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Ixodes scapularis; Ixodes cookei; Dermacentor variabilis; lyme disease; passive tick surveillance ID IXODES-SCAPULARIS ACARI; NORTHEASTERN UNITED-STATES; ERYTHEMA CHRONICUM MIGRANS; LYME-DISEASE; BORRELIA-BURGDORFERI; DAMMINI ACARI; GEOGRAPHIC-DISTRIBUTION; DEER TICKS; VECTOR COMPETENCE; POPULATION TRENDS AB In 1989, a free-of-charge, statewide tick identification program was initiated in Maine, 1 yr after the first Ixodes scapularis Say (=I. dammini Spielman, Clifford, Piesman & Corwin) ticks were reported in the state. This article summarizes data from 18 continuous years of tick submissions during which >24,000 ticks of 14 species were identified. Data provided include tick stage, degree of engorgement, seasonal abundance, geographical location, host, and age of the person from whom the tick was removed. Maps depict the distributions of the three major species submitted. L scapularis emerged first along the coast, and then it advanced inland up major river valleys, Dermacentor variabilis Say slowly expanded centrifugally from where it was initially reported in southwestern Maine, and the distribution of long-established Ixodes cookei Packard remained unchanged. Submissions of nymphal I. scapularis closely correlated with reported Lyme diseases cases at the county level. Annual fluctuations of nymphal submissions in Maine correlated with those of Lyme disease cases for New England, supporting the possibility of a regional influence on tick abundance. More ticks were removed from people <= 14 and <= 30 yr of age, and their degree of engorgement was greatest in people <= 20 yr of age and progressively increased in people <= 30 yr of age. This study demonstrates the usefulness and potential of tick identification programs. C1 Maine Med Res Inst, Vector Borne Dis Lab, Portland, ME 04106 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Maine Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Augusta, ME 04333 USA. RP Rand, PW (reprint author), Maine Med Res Inst, Vector Borne Dis Lab, 75 John Roberts Rd,Suite 9B, Portland, ME 04106 USA. EM randp@mmc.org NR 72 TC 29 Z9 29 U1 1 U2 7 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0022-2585 J9 J MED ENTOMOL JI J. Med. Entomol. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 44 IS 6 BP 1118 EP 1129 DI 10.1603/0022-2585(2007)44[1118:PSIMAA]2.0.CO;2 PG 12 WC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences SC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences GA 232QM UT WOS:000251034200028 PM 18047214 ER PT J AU Albetkova, A Drobeniuc, J Yashina, T Musabaev, E Robertson, B Nainan, O Favorov, M AF Albetkova, Adilya Drobeniuc, Jan Yashina, Tatiana Musabaev, Erkin Robertson, Betty Nainan, Omana Favorov, Michael TI Characterization of hepatitis E virus from outbreak and sporadic cases in Turkmenistan SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL VIROLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 4th International Conference on Emerging Zoonoses CY SEP 18-21, 2003 CL Ames, IA DE hepatitis E; outbreak; sporadic; Turkmenistan ID NON-B-HEPATITIS; NON-A; UNITED-STATES; PHYLOGENETIC ANALYSIS; GENETIC-VARIABILITY; NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE; MOLECULAR-CLONING; TRANSMISSION; EPIDEMIC; GENOME AB Large outbreaks and sporadic cases of hepatitis E have been reported in Central Asia. We assessed the genetic relatedness of hepatitis E virus (HEV) strains from outbreak and sporadic cases in Turkmenistan. Specimens from outbreak and sporadic cases of acute hepatitis non-A, non-B were tested by reverse transcription (RT)polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to identify the presence of HEV RNA; nucleotide sequences were analyzed. HEV RNA was detected from 23/ 156 (15%) outbreak cases and 2/23 (9%) sporadic cases. The HEV outbreak isolates represented 14 unique sequences with genetic distances varying between 0.3% and 8.6%,12 of which were closely related, with distances between 0.3% and 5.6%. Two unique sequences from outbreak cases 32 and 42 were closely related (99.7%) and shared 91.8-93.4% of sequence with the other 12 strains. The two strains were closely related to the previously published isolates from Burma (99.7-100%) and India-Madras (95.7-96. 1%). The two 1994 sporadic HEV strains were 97.4% distinct, wile revealing 91.4-94.1% homology to 1985 strains, and 94.4-94.7% to HEV from the neighboring China and Pakistan. Genetic diversity of HEV that caused the hepatitis E outbreak in Turkmenistan in 1985 suggests heterogeneity of viral sources. Sporadic hepatitis E that occurred in 1994 was caused by viral strains genetically distinct from those causing the outbreak in 1985, yet closely related to HEV from neighboring countries. The study suggests that circulation of a broad variety of strains of HEV may occur in Central Asia, regardless of international borders, presenting a significant public health threat to the population of the region. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, WHO, Collaborating Ctr Res & Reference Viral Hepatitis, Div Viral Hepatitis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, CDC, Cent Asia Off, Div Int Hlth,Off Global Hlth, Atlanta, GA USA. Specialty Labs, Santa Monica, CA USA. Minist Hlth, Reference Lab, Tashkent, Uzbekistan. RP Drobeniuc, J (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, WHO, Collaborating Ctr Res & Reference Viral Hepatitis, Div Viral Hepatitis, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS A-33, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM jqd6@cdc.gov NR 37 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 4 PU WILEY-LISS PI HOBOKEN PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0146-6615 J9 J MED VIROL JI J. Med. Virol. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 79 IS 11 BP 1696 EP 1702 DI 10.1002/jmv.20991 PG 7 WC Virology SC Virology GA 212WM UT WOS:000249627700011 PM 17854031 ER PT J AU Schneider, E Greiner, TC Longtine, J Rohlfs, EM Wang, YL Kalman, L AF Schneider, E. Greiner, T. C. Longtine, J. Rohlfs, E. M. Wang, Y. L. Kalman, L. TI Assessment of reference and quality control material usage and needs for molecular oncology tests SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR DIAGNOSTICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 13th Annual Meeting of the Association-for-Molecular-Pathology CY NOV 07-10, 2007 CL Los Angeles, CA SP Assoc Mol Pathol C1 [Schneider, E.] Wadsworth Ctr, Div Mol Med, Albany, NY USA. [Greiner, T. C.] Univ Nebraska Med Ctr, Dept Pathol & Microbiol, Omaha, NE USA. [Longtine, J.] Brigham & Womens Hosp, Dept Pathol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. [Rohlfs, E. M.] Mol Diagnost Lab, Westborough, MA USA. [Wang, Y. L.; Kalman, L.] Cornell Univ, Weill Med Coll, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, New York, NY USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Lab Pratice Eval & Genom, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC INVESTIGATIVE PATHOLOGY, INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3993 USA SN 1525-1578 J9 J MOL DIAGN JI J. Mol. Diagn. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 9 IS 5 BP 666 EP 666 PG 1 WC Pathology SC Pathology GA 230BC UT WOS:000250849300084 ER PT J AU Bhatnagar, J Shieh, W Paddock, C Patel, M Jones, T Calvert, AE Roehrig, JT Zaki, SR AF Bhatnagar, J. Shieh, W. Paddock, C. Patel, M. Jones, T. Calvert, A. E. Roehrig, J. T. Zaki, S. R. TI Molecular detection and serotyping of dengue virus in archived autopsy patient tissues by RT-PCR and sequencing: Implications for epidemiologic analysis SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR DIAGNOSTICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 13th Annual Meeting of the Association-for-Molecular-Pathology CY NOV 07-10, 2007 CL Los Angeles, CA SP Assoc Mol Pathol C1 [Bhatnagar, J.; Shieh, W.; Paddock, C.; Patel, M.; Jones, T.; Zaki, S. R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Infect Dis Pathol Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Calvert, A. E.; Roehrig, J. T.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Arboviral Dis Branch, Ft Collins, CO USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC INVESTIGATIVE PATHOLOGY, INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3993 USA SN 1525-1578 J9 J MOL DIAGN JI J. Mol. Diagn. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 9 IS 5 BP 678 EP 678 PG 1 WC Pathology SC Pathology GA 230BC UT WOS:000250849300135 ER PT J AU Patel, PR Perz, JE Fiore, AE Castel, AD AF Patel, Priti R. Perz, Joseph E. Fiore, Anthony E. Castel, Amanda D. TI Preventing blood contamination in nuclear pharmacies: Lessons from an outbreak of hepatitis C virus infections and contaminated Tc-99m-Sestamibi SO JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MEDICINE LA English DT Letter C1 [Patel, Priti R.; Perz, Joseph E.; Fiore, Anthony E.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. [Patel, Priti R.; Perz, Joseph E.; Fiore, Anthony E.] George Washington Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Washington, DC USA. [Castel, Amanda D.] George Washington Univ, Hlth Serv, Washington, DC USA. RP Patel, PR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. NR 5 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC NUCLEAR MEDICINE INC PI RESTON PA 1850 SAMUEL MORSE DR, RESTON, VA 20190-5316 USA SN 0161-5505 J9 J NUCL MED JI J. Nucl. Med. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 48 IS 11 BP 1911 EP 1912 DI 10.2967/jnumed.107.045195 PG 2 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 258UL UT WOS:000252894900030 PM 17978358 ER PT J AU Birdsey, J Alterman, T Petersen, MR AF Birdsey, Jan Alterman, Toni Petersen, Martin R. TI Race, occupation, and lung cancer: Detecting disparities with death certificate data SO JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID CORONARY HEART-DISEASE; COKE-OVEN WORKERS; CIGARETTE-SMOKING; AFRICAN-AMERICANS; UNITED-STATES; RISK-FACTORS; MORTALITY; WHITE; EPIDEMIOLOGY; SURVEILLANCE AB Objectives: To determine whether the analysis of death certificate data would reveal the same relationship among race, occupational exposure, and lung cancer mortality observed by a large cohort study. Methods: An occupation-specific mortality odds ratio (MOR) for lung cancer (ICD-162) versus all other causes was calculated for 218,341 black men and white men who had been employed in the metal industries. Results: Black men were at increased risk for lung cancer mortality when compared with white men among the 4668 oven workers (MOR = 1.38, 95 % CI = 1.10 to 1.73), but not among the 33,605 white-collar workers (MOR = 0.95, 95 % CI = 0.74 to 1.23). Conclusions: Our findings corroborate a previously demonstrated association among exposure to carcinogenic coke oven emissions, race, and lung cancer mortality, and support the use of death certificate data to help identify occupations with racial disparities in lung cancer mortality. C1 NIOSH, Div Surveillance Hazard Evaluat & Field Studies, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. RP Birdsey, J (reprint author), NIOSH, Div Surveillance Hazard Evaluat & Field Studies, 4676 Columbia Pkwy,MS-R17, Cincinnati, OH 45226 USA. EM JBirdsey@cdc.gov OI Alterman, Toni/0000-0003-1512-4367 NR 45 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 3 U2 5 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1076-2752 J9 J OCCUP ENVIRON MED JI J. Occup. Environ. Med. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 49 IS 11 BP 1257 EP 1263 DI 10.1097/JOM.0b013e318154c094 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 232BH UT WOS:000250992600011 PM 17993930 ER PT J AU Tomashek, KM Shapiro-Mendoza, CK Davidoff, MJ Petrini, JR AF Tomashek, Kay M. Shapiro-Mendoza, Carrie K. Davidoff, Michael J. Petrini, Joann R. TI Differences in mortality between late-preterm and term singleton infants in the United States, 1995-2002 SO JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article ID GESTATIONAL-AGE; BIRTH-WEIGHT; NEAR-TERM; PERINATAL-MORTALITY; NEWBORN-INFANTS; TRENDS; REHOSPITALIZATION; OUTCOMES; IMPACT; BABIES AB Objective To assess differences in mortality between late-preterm (34-36 weeks) and term (37-41 weeks) infants. Study design We used US period-linked birth/infant death files for 1995 to 2002 to compare overall and cause-specific early-neonatal, late-neonatal, postneonatal, and infant mortality rates between singleton late-preterm infants and term infants. Results Significant declines in mortality rates were observed for late-preterm and term infants at all age-at-death categories, except the late-neonatal period. Despite the decline in rates since 1995, infant mortality rates in 2002 were 3 times higher in late-preterm infants than term infants (7.9 versus 2.4 deaths per 1000 live births); early, late, and postneonatal rates were 6, 3. and 2 times higher, respectively. During infancy, late-preterm infants were approximately 4 times more likely than term infants to die of congenital malformations (leading cause), newborn bacterial sepsis, and complications of placenta, cord, and membranes. Early-neonatal cause-specific mortality rates were most disparate, especially deaths caused by atelectasis, maternal complications of pregnancy, and congenital malformations. Conclusions Late-preterm infants have higher mortality rates than term infants throughout infancy. Our findings may be used to guide obstetrical and pediatric decision-making. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Reprod Hlth, Maternal & Infant Hlth Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. March Dimes Perinantal Data Ctr, White Plains, NY USA. Albert Einstein Coll Med, Dept Obstet Gynecol & Womens Hlth, Bronx, NY USA. RP Tomashek, KM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Dengue Branch, 1324 Calle Canada,Mailstop P-0, San Juan, PR 00920 USA. NR 31 TC 141 Z9 150 U1 0 U2 6 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0022-3476 EI 1097-6833 J9 J PEDIATR-US JI J. Pediatr. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 151 IS 5 BP 450 EP 456 DI 10.1016/j.jpeds.2007.05.002 PG 7 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 229PG UT WOS:000250815900005 PM 17961684 ER PT J AU Shefer, A Santoli, J Singleton, JA AF Shefer, Abigail Santoli, Jeanne Singleton, James A. TI Measuring vaccination coverage - Where are we now and where are we going? SO JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH MANAGEMENT AND PRACTICE LA English DT Editorial Material ID IMMUNIZATION COVERAGE; OPPORTUNITIES; COMMUNITY; CHILDREN; STATES C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Immunizat Serv Div, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Shefer, A (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Immunizat Serv Div, 1600 Clifton Rd, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM ams7@cdc.gov NR 21 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1078-4659 J9 J PUBLIC HEALTH MAN JI J. Public Health Manag. Pract. PD NOV-DEC PY 2007 VL 13 IS 6 BP 541 EP 543 PG 3 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 223DD UT WOS:000250348900002 PM 17984705 ER PT J AU Hinman, AR Urquhart, GA Strikas, RA AF Hinman, Alan R. Urquhart, Gary A. Strikas, Raymond A. CA Natl Vaccine Advisory Committee TI Immunization information systems: National vaccine advisory committee progress report, 2007 SO JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH MANAGEMENT AND PRACTICE LA English DT Article DE child health; health information systems; immunization registries ID UNITED-STATES AB This article summarizes principal findings and recommendations of the National Vaccine Advisory Committee 2007 Progress report on Immunization Information Systems (IIS). Considerable progress has been made in each of the four primary objectives of the IIS: ensure appropriate protections of privacy and confidentiality for individuals and security for information included in the registry; ensure participation of all immunization providers and recipients; ensure appropriate functioning of registries; and ensure sustainable funding for registries. In addition, IIS use has been extended to deal with adolescent/adult immunization, preparedness, vaccine shortages, health information exchanges, and electronic medical records. Notwithstanding the progress, several factors impede smooth achievement of the 2010 goal. The three most critical are difficulties in exchanging information among different information systems, difficulties in exchanging information across state lines, and ensuring sustainable funding for registries. The committee has made a number of recommendations to address these issues. C1 Task Force Child Survival & Dev, Inst Informat, Decatur, GA 30030 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Med, Immunizat Informat Syst Support Branch, Immunizat Serv Div, Atlanta, GA USA. Natl Vaccine Program Off, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Washington, DC USA. RP Hinman, AR (reprint author), Task Force Child Survival & Dev, Inst Informat, 750 Commerce Dr,Suite 400, Decatur, GA 30030 USA. EM ahinman@taskforce.org NR 11 TC 18 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1078-4659 J9 J PUBLIC HEALTH MAN JI J. Public Health Manag. Pract. PD NOV-DEC PY 2007 VL 13 IS 6 BP 553 EP 558 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 223DD UT WOS:000250348900004 PM 17984707 ER PT J AU Bartlett, DL Washington, ML Bryant, A Thurston, N Perfili, CA AF Bartlett, Diana L. Washington, Michael L. Bryant, Amanda Thurston, Norman Perfili, Christine A. TI Cost savings associated with using immunization information systems for vaccines for children administrative tasks SO JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH MANAGEMENT AND PRACTICE LA English DT Article DE health services; immunization; registries; time study; vaccination ID VACCINATION COVERAGE; REGISTRIES; PROGRAM AB Our objective was to investigate the potential cost savings of immunization information systems (IIS) in performing U some administrative tasks associated with the federal Vaccines for Children (VFC) program at the state and practice levels. VFC is an entitlement program providing free vaccine to eligible children. We timed the staff of the Utah Department of Health (UDOH) and 72 private VFC practices for administrative VFC-related tasks from September 2003 through March 2004. Time measurements included time for practices to produce VFC reports and for UDOH staff to assess practice coverage levels and process VFC reports manually or via the Utah Statewide Immunization Information System (USIIS). Median cost savings to the state health department could be as much as $11 740 annually. Utah VFC practices could save up to a maximum of $446 annually per practice by using USIIS for VFC tasks. If applied to the 218 enrolled private practices statewide, this would result in a median total cost savings of $17 615 ($15 519 for reports and $2 096 for pulling medical charts). C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunizat Serv Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. Dept Navy, Navy Med Support Cammand, Jacksonville, FL USA. Utah Dept Hlth, Salt Lake City, UT 84116 USA. RP Bartlett, DL (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunizat Serv Div, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop E-62, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM dbartleft@cdc.gov NR 15 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1078-4659 J9 J PUBLIC HEALTH MAN JI J. Public Health Manag. Pract. PD NOV-DEC PY 2007 VL 13 IS 6 BP 559 EP 566 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 223DD UT WOS:000250348900005 PM 17984708 ER PT J AU Shimabukuro, TT Luman, ET Winston, CA Schieber, RA AF Shimabukuro, Tom T. Luman, Elizabeth T. Winston, Carla A. Schieber, Richard A. TI Potential for improving age-appropriate vaccination coverage by maximizing the 18-month well-child visit SO JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH MANAGEMENT AND PRACTICE LA English DT Article DE immunization; National Immunization Survey; preschool vaccination; simulation ID NATIONAL IMMUNIZATION SURVEY; UNITED-STATES; ADHERENCE; BARRIERS; CARE AB Objective: To evaluate potential age-appropriate up-to-date (UTD) vaccination coverage achievable in preschool children if missing vaccinations were administered during a well-child visit at 18 months of age. Methods: Data from the 2004 National Immunization Survey were used in a series of simulations analyzing UTD coverage of the 4:31:33:1 (diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis/poliovirus/measles-containing vaccine/Haemophilus influenzae type b/hepatitis B/varicella) and 4:31:33:1 (+) pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) series. In the models, children not already up-to-date received up to four missing vaccinations during a simulated routine 18-month-old well-child visit. Results: For the 4:31:33:1 series, UTD coverage increased from baseline 61 percent (95% confidence interval [CI] = 60-62) to simulated 87 percent (95% CI = 86-88). Among the baseline non-UTD children, 69 percent became up-to-date by simulation with the single visit, of which 44 percent required only one vaccination. For the 4:313:31 PCV series, UTD coverage increased from baseline 38 percent (95% Cl = 37-40) to simulated 74 percent (95% Cl = 73-75). Among the baseline non-UTD children, 59 percent became up-to-date by simulation with the single visit, of which 47 percent required only one vaccination. UTD coverage increased substantially for all racial/ethnic groups and in all states. Conclusions: Taking full advantage of the recommended 18-month-old well-child visit to administer missing vaccines would be a strategically timed opportunity to achieve high age-appropriate UTD coverage in preschool children. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Immunizat Serv Div, Hlth Serv Res & Evaluat Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Global Immunizat Div, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Shimabukuro, TT (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Immunizat Serv Div, Hlth Serv Res & Evaluat Branch, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS E-52, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM TShimabukuro@cdc.gov NR 24 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1078-4659 J9 J PUBLIC HEALTH MAN JI J. Public Health Manag. Pract. PD NOV-DEC PY 2007 VL 13 IS 6 BP 572 EP 577 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 223DD UT WOS:000250348900007 PM 17984710 ER PT J AU Kolasa, MS Tannenbaum, SM Stevenson, JM AF Kolasa, Maureen S. Tannenbaum, Stephen M. Stevenson, John M. TI Physician compliance with pneumococcal conjugate vaccine shortage recommendations in 2004 SO JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH MANAGEMENT AND PRACTICE LA English DT Article DE health services; immunization; vaccination AB Objective: To assess pattern of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) administration during periods of vaccine shortage and changing recommendations. Methods: During 2004 PCV shortages, the Advisory Committee for Immunization Practices recommended delay of doses 3 and 4 (PCV3 and PCV4) to healthy children. A managed care health plan evaluated PCV doses administered to all enrolled children at ages 3, 5, 7, and 16 months in 2004; ICD9 codes were used to identify high-risk children. Results: Immunization coverage for the first two PCV doses remained relatively stable throughout 2004 for both high-risk and healthy children. PCV3 coverage for healthy children dropped significantly from 63 percent preshortage (February 2004) to a low of 7 percent (June 2004), then rose to preshortage levels of 2 months after recommendations were made to resume PCV3 administration. Coverage of high-risk children followed a similar pattern as that for healthy children. PCV4 coverage showed similar declines and increases following shortage- related recommendations as PCV3. Most children whose PCV3 dose may have been delayed during the shortage did receive PCV3 after the shortage. Conclusions: Providers demonstrated rapid change in PCV administration in response to shortage-related recommendations. Little coverage difference was seen between healthy and high-risk children, possibly due to inadequate ability to determine which children truly are at high risk identified on the basis of ICD9 codes. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Immunizat Serv Div, Hlth Serv Res & Evaluat Branch, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. Kaiser Permanente, Dept Pediat, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Kolasa, MS (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Immunizat Serv Div, Hlth Serv Res & Evaluat Branch, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mail Stop E-52, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM mkolasa@cdc.gov NR 11 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1078-4659 J9 J PUBLIC HEALTH MAN JI J. Public Health Manag. Pract. PD NOV-DEC PY 2007 VL 13 IS 6 BP 578 EP 583 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 223DD UT WOS:000250348900008 PM 17984711 ER PT J AU Groom, H Kolasa, M Wooten, K Ching, P Shefer, A AF Groom, Holly Kolasa, Maureen Wooten, Karen Ching, Pamela Shefer, Abigail TI Childhood immunization coverage by provider type SO JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH MANAGEMENT AND PRACTICE LA English DT Article DE health services; immunization; vaccination ID UNITED-STATES; REMINDER/RECALL INTERVENTIONS; VULNERABLE CHILDREN; FREE VACCINE; RATES; DISPARITIES AB Objective: To determine how child characteristics and immunization coverage levels differ among children using public and private providers. Methods: Immunization coverage rates between 1996 and 2004 were compared among children aged 19-35 months, using data from the National Immunization Survey. Coverage was based on the 4:31:33 vaccine series: four or more doses of diphtheria, tetanus toxoids, acellular pertussis vaccine; three or more doses of poliovirus vaccine; one or more doses of measles-mumps-rubella vaccine; three or more doses of Haemophilus influenzae type b vaccine; and three or more doses of hepatitis B vaccine, Coverage differences were examined by provider types (child vaccinated by private, public, or a mix of providers), and stratified by child's race/ethnicity, area of residence, and household income level. Results: Between 1996 and 2004, the proportion of children seeing exclusively private providers increased (58%-61 %; P <.05); the proportion seeing only public providers decreased (19%-15%; P <.01). Coverage levels increased among children seeing all provider types. Coverage levels were higher for children using private providers than those using public providers in 2004 (83% vs 79%; P <.05). Except for White race (coverage was higher among those using private providers vs public providers), coverage levels by demographic variables did not significantly differ between children using only public or only private providers in 2004. Conclusions: Equal emphasis should be placed on the efforts of public providers and private providers to increase coverage among children of all race/ethnicity, income, and residential groups. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Immunizat Serv Div, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Groom, H (reprint author), 1600 Clifton Rd NE,Mailstop E-52, Atlanta, GA 30329 USA. EM hgroom@cdc.gov OI Groom, Holly/0000-0003-2866-9788 NR 24 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1078-4659 J9 J PUBLIC HEALTH MAN JI J. Public Health Manag. Pract. PD NOV-DEC PY 2007 VL 13 IS 6 BP 584 EP 589 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 223DD UT WOS:000250348900009 PM 17984712 ER PT J AU Harris, K Pickering, LK Fasano, NJ Fowler, G Gangarosa, P Gust, DA AF Harris, KaLynne Pickering, Larry K. Fasano, Nancy J. Fowler, Gabrielle Gangarosa, Paul Gust, Deborah A. TI Relationships between state health departments and medical professional organizations regarding immunizations SO JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH MANAGEMENT AND PRACTICE LA English DT Article DE immunization; medical professional organizations; public health; relationships ID PUBLIC-HEALTH; PARTNERSHIPS; PERFORMANCE; PHYSICIANS; ATTITUDES; STRATEGY AB Objective: To assess relationships between State Health Department (SHD) immunization programs and the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) and American Academy of Family Physicians (AAFP). Methods: Surveys were distributed to SHD immunization managers and AAP and AAFP chapter/district heads. Results: Most AAP and AAFP respondents reported contact with the SHD (73% and 62%, respectively). Most SHDs reported contact with the AAP and AAFP (74% and 57%, respectively). More SHDs reported discussing immunization information with the AAP than the AAFP (83% and 61%, respectively, P =.02). SHDs rarely reported using e-mail to communicate with physicians (4%), while AAP and AAFP respondents commonly reported communicating with members via e-mail (80% and 72%, respectively). Most SHD respondents reported satisfaction with relationships with the AAP (78%) and AAFP (65%). Similarly, most AAP and AAFP respondents reported satisfaction with their SHD relationship (80% and 62%, respectively). The majority of SHD, AAP, and AAFP respondents expressed willingness to further strengthen relationships (86%, 79%, and 90%, respectively). Conclusions: Good relationships exist between medical professional organizations and SHDs and there is support for improvement of the partnerships. SHDs may consider enhancing e-mail communications with physicians and medical professional organizations. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunizat Safety Off, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. Emory Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Atlanta, GA 30322 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Immunizat Program, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Gust, DA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Immunizat Safety Off, 1600 Clifton Rd,Mailstop E-52, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM dgg6@cdc.gov NR 16 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1078-4659 J9 J PUBLIC HEALTH MAN JI J. Public Health Manag. Pract. PD NOV-DEC PY 2007 VL 13 IS 6 BP 590 EP 594 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 223DD UT WOS:000250348900010 PM 17984713 ER PT J AU Luman, ET Sablan, M Anaya, G Stokley, S McCauley, MM Shaw, KM Salazar, A Balajadia, R Chaine, JP Duncan, R AF Luman, Elizabeth T. Sablan, Mariana Anaya, Gabriel Stokley, Shannon McCauley, Mary Mason Shaw, Kate M. Salazar, Angela Balajadia, Ron Chaine, Jean Paul Duncan, Richard TI Vaccination coverage in the US Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, 2005 SO JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH MANAGEMENT AND PRACTICE LA English DT Article DE adult vaccination; childhood vaccination; Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands; immunization; school vaccination; survey; vaccination coverage ID UNITED-STATES; MEASLES OUTBREAK; SELF-REPORT; INFLUENZA; EPIDEMIOLOGY; POPULATIONS; HISTORY; DISEASE; VIRUS AB Background: In July 2005, a house-to-house survey was conducted to determine vaccination coverage achieved through routine health services on the three inhabited islands (Saipan, Rota, and Tinian) of the US Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands (CNMI). Methods: A population -based cluster survey was conducted on Saipan; clusters and households were selected by systematic random sampling. On the smaller islands of Rota and Tinian, all households were visited. Vaccination histories and demographic information were obtained during household interview for all children aged 19-35 months, children aged 6 years, and adults aged 65 years and older. Vaccination histories for children were supplemented by hospital/clinic records and an electronic vaccination registry. Results: Among 295 children aged 19-35 months, estimated coverage with the primary vaccination series was 80 percent; coverage with individual vaccines was generally higher. Among 193 children aged 6 years, coverage for vaccines required at school-aged was 83 percent. Among 226 adults aged 65 years and older, 52 percent received influenza vaccine during the previous season while 21 percent had ever received pneumococcal vaccine, Conclusions: The CNMI has achieved the US Healthy People 2010 objective of 80 percent coverage for the standard vaccination series among children aged 19-35 months. High coverage levels among 6-year-old children may reflect the benefit of school entry requirements. Influenza and pneumococcal vaccination among older adults remains low. Efforts to ensure that children and older adults throughout the CNMI are equally well-protected should continue. Strategies to address parental awareness of vaccinations that are due should be explored and may be facilitated by upgrading the electronic vaccination registry. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. Commonwealth No Mariana Isl, Dept Hlth, Div Publ Hlth, Saipan, CM USA. Pacific Isl Hlth Officers Assoc, Honolulu, HI USA. RP Luman, ET (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS E05, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM ECL7@cdc.gov NR 29 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1078-4659 J9 J PUBLIC HEALTH MAN JI J. Public Health Manag. Pract. PD NOV-DEC PY 2007 VL 13 IS 6 BP 595 EP 604 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 223DD UT WOS:000250348900011 PM 17984714 ER PT J AU Fontanesi, J Messonnier, M Hill, L Shefer, A AF Fontanesi, John Messonnier, Mark Hill, Linda Shefer, Abigail TI A new model of adoption of clinical practice guidelines SO JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH MANAGEMENT AND PRACTICE LA English DT Article DE clinical care; clinical practice guidelines; systems analysis ID IMMUNIZATION PRACTICES; PATIENT-CARE; STANDARDS; DISEASES AB Clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) are the best available synthesis of research in providing clinical care, yet the degree of adoption remains less than optimal. One reason may be that the routes of dissemination and the mode of construction do not match the needs of the typical healthcare practice. This study uses a systems approach in understanding the interplay between routes of CPG dissemination, the construction of CPGs, and the likelihood that healthcare organizations will adopt these guidelines. C1 Univ Calif San Diego, Ctr Management Sci & Hlth, Dept Pediat, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Family & Prevent Med, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. Univ Calif San Diego, Gen Prevent Med Res Program, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. RP Fontanesi, J (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Ctr Management Sci & Hlth, Dept Pediat, 9500 Gilman Dr 0821, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. EM jfontanesi@ucsd.edu NR 23 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1078-4659 J9 J PUBLIC HEALTH MAN JI J. Public Health Manag. Pract. PD NOV-DEC PY 2007 VL 13 IS 6 BP 605 EP 611 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 223DD UT WOS:000250348900012 PM 17984715 ER PT J AU Nelson, DE Reynolds, JH Luke, DA Mueller, NB Eischen, MH Jordan, J Lancaster, RB Marcus, SE Vallone, D AF Nelson, David E. Reynolds, Jennifer H. Luke, Douglas A. Mueller, Nancy B. Eischen, Monica H. Jordan, Jerelyn Lancaster, R. Brick Marcus, Stephen E. Vallone, Donna TI Successfully maintaining program funding during trying times: Lessons from tobacco control programs in five states SO JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH MANAGEMENT AND PRACTICE LA English DT Article DE health promotion; public health; tobacco AB Despite negative financial conditions in recent years, several states were able to successfully maintain funding for tobacco prevention and control, which provided an opportunity to understand the factors associated with success. One explanation may be the level of long-term program sustainability in some states, According to a model developed by Saint Louis University researchers, the five elements critical to tobacco control sustainability are state political and financial climate; community awareness and capacity; program structure and administration; funding stability and planning; and surveillance and evaluation. Five states (Nebraska, New York, Indiana, Virginia, and Colorado) maintained funding for their tobacco control programs. Four of these states gained additional legislative appropriations or prevented a massive reduction; Colorado used a statewide ballot initiative to increase funding. On the basis of the sustainability framework, case studies, and prior research, the major lessons learned for maintaining funding were the importance of (1) strong and experienced leadership, (2) broad and deep organizational and community ties, (3) coordinated efforts, (4) strategic use of surveillance and evaluation data, (5) active dissemination of information about program successes, and (6) policy maker champions. The sustainability framework and lessons learned may provide valuable insights for other public health programs facing funding threats. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Smoking & Hlth, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. St Louis Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Ctr Tobacco Policy Res, St Louis, MO 63103 USA. Natl Canc Inst, Bethesda, MD USA. Amer Legacy Fdn, Washington, DC USA. RP Nelson, DE (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Off Smoking & Hlth, 4770 Buford Highway,NE Mailstop K-50, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM den2@cdc.gov OI Luke, Douglas/0000-0003-1332-8569 NR 18 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1078-4659 J9 J PUBLIC HEALTH MAN JI J. Public Health Manag. Pract. PD NOV-DEC PY 2007 VL 13 IS 6 BP 612 EP 620 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 223DD UT WOS:000250348900013 PM 17984716 ER PT J AU Sand, KL Lynn, J Bardenheier, B Seow, H Nace, DA AF Sand, Kelly L. Lynn, Joanne Bardenheier, Barbara Seow, Hsien Nace, David A. TI Increasing influenza immunization for long-term care facility staff using quality improvement SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN GERIATRICS SOCIETY LA English DT Article DE quality improvement; long-term care facility; influenza; immunization ID NURSING-HOMES; UNITED-STATES; VACCINATION; WORKERS; POPULATION; OUTBREAKS; EFFICACY AB OBJECTIVES: To improve staff immunization rates for influenza in long-term care facilities (LTCFs). DESIGN: A quality improvement project. SETTING: LTCFs ranging in size from 50 to 2,000 beds. PARTICIPANTS: Staff members at facilities. MEASUREMENTS: Change in staff influenza immunization rate. RESULTS: Of the 13 nursing homes involved, 11 improved their staff influenza immunization rates; nine improved more than 10%, and six improved to a rate greater than 55%, a level that corresponds to substantial protection against outbreaks. Staff education was essential but insufficient. Direct encouragement and dramatic informative endeavors helped, as did financial incentives, competitions, and requiring unambiguously worded consents for refusals. Paying staff members $150 each achieved improvement rapidly. CONCLUSION: Quality improvement increased staff immunization rates at LTCFs, which reduces the risk of an influenza outbreak. Based on the insights learned about effective changes, the project developed a change package for use by other LTCFs. C1 Univ Pittsburgh, Inst Aging, Long Term Care & Flu Programs, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. RAND Hlth, Arlington, VA USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Atlanta, GA USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. RP Nace, DA (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Inst Aging, Long Term Care & Flu Programs, Kaufmann Med Bldg,Suite 500,3471 5th Ave, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. RI Nace, David/D-2638-2014 NR 22 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 2 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0002-8614 J9 J AM GERIATR SOC JI J. Am. Geriatr. Soc. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 55 IS 11 BP 1741 EP 1747 DI 10.1111/j.1532-5415.2007.01422.x PG 7 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 225YB UT WOS:000250553100006 PM 17979897 ER PT J AU Hollinger, FB Bell, B Levy-Bruhl, D Shouval, D Wiersma, S Van Damme, P AF Hollinger, F. Blaine Bell, B. Levy-Bruhl, D. Shouval, D. Wiersma, S. Van Damme, P. TI Hepatitis A and B vaccination and public health SO JOURNAL OF VIRAL HEPATITIS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 12th International Symposium on Viral Hepatitis and Liver Disease CY JUL 01-05, 2006 CL Paris, FRANCE SP Pan-Amer Soc Clin Virol, European Soc Clin Virol DE epidemiology; hepatitis A vaccine; hepatitis B vaccine; vaccine prevention AB The introduction and implementation of hepatitis B vaccination programmes in areas of high endemicity has been very stressful. However. this initial accomplishment has led to the reassessment of priorities in some countries which could undermine these early successes. Work still remains to be done to support and implement interventions that will bring us closer to the WHO goal and to the control of hepatitis B in the community at large. Hepatitis A vaccine strategy for immunizing toddlers is shifting to those countries with intermediate endemicity where increasing morbidity in adults is being observed. Accumulating evidence indicates that such programmes can result in impressive reductions in the incidence of hepatitis A by herd immunity. Monitoring of these populations to determine durability of protection will be important to avoid shifting the infection to the older age population, when symptoms are more likely to occur. National policies need to consider hepatitis A vaccination in the context of other public health priorities. C1 Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Viral Hepatitis, Atlanta, GA USA. Inst Veille Sanitaire, St Maurice, France. Hadassah Univ Hosp, IL-91120 Jerusalem, Israel. World Hlth Org, Geneva, Switzerland. Univ Antwerp, Ctr Evaluat Vaccinat, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium. RP Hollinger, FB (reprint author), Baylor Coll Med, 1 Baylor Plaza,BCM-385, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM blainch@bcm.edu RI van damme, pierre/I-4846-2013 NR 0 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1352-0504 J9 J VIRAL HEPATITIS JI J. Viral Hepatitis PD NOV PY 2007 VL 14 SU 1 BP 1 EP 5 PG 5 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA 229SN UT WOS:000250824700002 PM 17958635 ER PT J AU Baskin, CR Bielefeldt-Ohmann, H Garcia-Sastre, A Tumpey, TM Van Hoeven, N Carter, VS Thomas, MJ Proll, S Solorzano, A Billharz, R Fornek, JL Thomas, S Chen, CH Clark, EA Murali-Krishna, K Katze, MG AF Baskin, C. R. Bielefeldt-Ohmann, H. Garcia-Sastre, A. Tumpey, T. M. Van Hoeven, N. Carter, V. S. Thomas, M. J. Proll, S. Solorzano, A. Billharz, R. Fornek, J. L. Thomas, S. Chen, C.-H. Clark, E. A. Murali-Krishna, Kaja Katze, M. G. TI Functional genomic and serological analysis of the protective immune response resulting from vaccination of Macaques with an NS1-Truncated influenza virus SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID NS1 PROTEIN; A VIRUS; ADAPTIVE IMMUNITY; MACACA-NEMESTRINA; DENDRITIC CELLS; YOUNG-CHILDREN; PRIMATE MODEL; STRANDED-RNA; VACCINES; INTERFERON AB We are still inadequately prepared for an influenza pandemic due to the lack of a vaccine effective for subtypes to which the majority of the human population has no prior immunity and which could be produced rapidly in sufficient quantities. There is therefore an urgent need to investigate novel vaccination approaches. Using a combination of genomic and traditional tools, this study compares the protective efficacy in macaques of an intrarespiratory live influenza virus vaccine produced by truncating NS1 in the human influenza A/Texas/36/91 (H1N1) virus with that of a conventional vaccine based on formalin-killed whole virus. After homologous challenge, animals in the live-vaccine group had greatly reduced viral replication and pathology in lungs and reduced upper respiratory inflammation. They also had lesser induction of innate immune pathways in lungs and of interferon-sensitive genes in bronchial epithelium. This postchallenge response contrasted with that shortly after vaccination, when more expression of interferon-sensitive genes was observed in bronchial cells from the live-vaccine group. This suggested induction of a strong innate immune response shortly after vaccination with the NS1-truncated virus, followed by greater maturity of the postchallenge immune response, as demonstrated with robust influenza virus-specific CD4(+) T-cell proliferation, immunoglobulin G production, and transcriptional induction of T- and B-cell pathways in lung tissue. In conclusion, a single respiratory tract inoculation with an NS1-truncated influenza virus was effective in protecting nonhuman primates from homologous challenge. This protection was achieved in the absence of significant or long-lasting adverse effects and through induction of a robust adaptive immune response. C1 Univ Washington, Dept Comparat Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Washington Natl Primate Res Ctr, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Colorado State Univ, Coll Vet Med & Biomed Sci, Dept Microbiol Immunol & Pathol, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. CUNY Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Microbiol, New York, NY 10029 USA. CUNY Mt Sinai Sch Med, Dept Med, New York, NY 10029 USA. CUNY Mt Sinai Sch Med, Div Infect Dis, New York, NY 10029 USA. CUNY Mt Sinai Sch Med, Emerging Pathogens Inst, New York, NY 10029 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Immunizat & Resp Dis, Influenza Div, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Microbiol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Washington, Dept Immunol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Baskin, CR (reprint author), Arizona State Univ, Biodesign Inst, Ctr Infect Dis & Vaccinol, Mailstop 5401, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. EM carole.baskin@asu.edu RI Bielefeldt-Ohmann, Helle/A-3686-2010; Clark, Edward/K-3462-2012; OI Garcia-Sastre, Adolfo/0000-0002-6551-1827 FU NCRR NIH HHS [P51 RR 00166-45, P51 RR000166, R24 RR 16354-04, R24 RR016354]; NIAID NIH HHS [P01 AI 58113, P01 AI058113, R01 AI 022646-20A1, R01 AI 46954, R01 AI022646, R01 AI046954, U01 AI 070469, U01 AI070469] NR 52 TC 52 Z9 57 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0022-538X J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 81 IS 21 BP 11817 EP 11827 DI 10.1128/JVI.00590-07 PG 11 WC Virology SC Virology GA 224AM UT WOS:000250417400029 PM 17715226 ER PT J AU Zeng, H Goldsmith, C Thawatsupha, P Chittaganpitch, M Waicharoen, S Zaki, S Tumpey, TM Katz, JM AF Zeng, Hui Goldsmith, Cynthia Thawatsupha, Pranee Chittaganpitch, Malinee Waicharoen, Sunthareeya Zaki, Sherif Tumpey, Terrence M. Katz, Jacqueline M. TI Highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 viruses elicit an attenuated type I interferon response in polarized human bronchial epithelial cells SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID LOWER RESPIRATORY-TRACT; INDUCIBLE GENE-I; A VIRUS; HUMAN AIRWAY; NS1 PROTEIN; HONG-KONG; RIG-I; ALPHA/BETA INTERFERON; ANTIVIRAL RESPONSES; CYTOKINE RESPONSES AB The unparalleled spread of highly pathogenic avian influenza A (HPAI) H5N1 viruses has resulted in devastating outbreaks in domestic poultry and sporadic human infections with a high fatality rate. To better understand the mechanism(s) of H5N1 virus pathogenesis and host responses in humans, we utilized a polarized human bronchial epithelial cell model that expresses both avian alpha-2,3- and human alpha-2,6-linked sialic acid receptors on the apical surface and supports productive replication of both H5N1 and H3N2 viruses. Using this model, we compared the abilities of selected 2004 HPAI H5N1 viruses isolated from humans and a recent human H3N2 virus to trigger the type I interferon (IFN) response. H5N1 viruses elicited significantly less IFN regulatory factor 3 (IRF3) nuclear translocation, as well as delayed and reduced production of IFN-beta compared with the H3N2 virus. Furthermore, phosphorylation of Stat2 and induction of IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs), such as MX1, ISG15, IRF7, and retinoic acid-inducible gene 1, were substantially delayed and reduced in cells infected with H5N1 viruses. We also observed that the highly virulent H5N1 virus replicated more efficiently and induced a weaker IFN response than the H5N1 virus that exhibited low virulence in mammals in an earlier study. Our data suggest that the H5N1 viruses tested, especially the virus with the high-pathogenicity phenotype, possess greater capability to attenuate the type I IFN response than the human H3N2 virus. The attenuation of this critical host innate immune defense may contribute to the virulence of H5N1 viruses observed in humans. C1 [Katz, Jacqueline M.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. [Zeng, Hui; Tumpey, Terrence M.; Katz, Jacqueline M.] Natl Ctr Immunizat & Respiratory Dis, Influenza Div, Immunol & Pathogenesis Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Goldsmith, Cynthia; Zaki, Sherif] Natl Ctr Zoonot, Div Viral & Rickettsial Dis, Infect Dis Pathol Branch, Atlanta, GA USA. [Thawatsupha, Pranee; Chittaganpitch, Malinee; Waicharoen, Sunthareeya] Minist Publ Hlth, Natl Inst Hlth, Thai Natl Influenza Ctr, Bangkok 11000, Thailand. RP Katz, JM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, 1600 Clifton Rd,MS G16, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM jmk9@cdc.gov NR 53 TC 104 Z9 108 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0022-538X J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD NOV PY 2007 VL 81 IS 22 BP 12439 EP 12449 DI 10.1128/JVI.01134-07 PG 11 WC Virology SC Virology GA 275IP UT WOS:000254065400034 PM 17855549 ER PT J AU Byams, VR AF Byams, Vanessa R. TI Women with bleeding disorders SO JOURNAL OF WOMENS HEALTH LA English DT Article ID VON-WILLEBRAND-DISEASE; MENORRHAGIA AB Menorrhagia, or excessive menstrual bleeding, is a common clinical problem affecting reproductiveage women; however, the cause is undetermined in 50% of cases. Von Willebrand disease (VWD) or other bleeding disorders may be the underlying source of heavy bleeding. Women with menorrhagia and/or VWD are at increased risk for several conditions including anemia, bleeding during pregnancy, post-partum hemorrhage, and reduced quality of life (OOL). Proper diagnosis and management can decrease complications and unnecessary surgical interventions. The Division of Blood Disorders (DBD) at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has implemented studies to ascertain physician awareness of bleeding disorders, establish prevalence in the U. S., and determine the best treatment options. C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Hereditary Blood Disorders, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. RP Byams, VR (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Hereditary Blood Disorders, Natl Ctr Birth Defects & Dev Disabil, 1600 Clifton Rd NE,MS E-64, Atlanta, GA 30333 USA. EM vbyams@cdc.gov NR 15 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1540-9996 J9 J WOMENS HEALTH JI J. Womens Health PD NOV PY 2007 VL 16 IS 9 BP 1249 EP 1251 DI 10.1089/jwh.2007.CDC11 PG 3 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Women's Studies SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Women's Studies GA 234PB UT WOS:000251174900001 PM 18001180 ER PT J AU Flegal, KM Graubard, BI Williamson, DF Gail, MH AF Flegal, Katherine M. Graubard, Barry I. Williamson, David F. Gail, Mitchell H. TI Weight-associated deaths in the United States SO JOURNAL OF WOMENS HEALTH LA English DT Letter ID OBESITY; POPULATION; MORTALITY; UNDERWEIGHT; OVERWEIGHT; FRACTIONS; MEN C1 Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. NCI, Div Canc Epidemiol & Genet, Rockville, MD USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Diabet Translat, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Flegal, KM (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Natl Ctr Hlth Stat, 3311 Toledo Rd, Hyattsville, MD 20782 USA. EM kflegal@cdc.gov RI Flegal, Katherine/A-4608-2013; OI Flegal, Katherine/0000-0002-0838-469X NR 11 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1540-9996 J9 J WOMENS HEALTH JI J. Womens Health PD NOV PY 2007 VL 16 IS 9 BP 1368 EP 1370 DI 10.1089/jwh.2007.0547 PG 3 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Women's Studies SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Women's Studies GA 234PB UT WOS:000251174900016 PM 18001195 ER EF