FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Manning, TG Panchal, V Jaidann, M Abou-Rachid, H Iqbal, Z AF Manning, Thelma G. Panchal, Viral Jaidann, Mounir Abou-Rachid, Hakima Iqbal, Zafar TI EVIDENCE FOR PLASMA SYNTHESIS OF AN AMORPHOUS POLYNITROGEN ON CARBON NANOTUBES SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENERGETIC MATERIALS AND CHEMICAL PROPULSION LA English DT Article DE plasma synthesis; carbon nanotube nanopaper sheets; Raman spectroscopy; scanning and transmission electron microscopy; molecular modeling ID NONMOLECULAR NITROGEN; STABILITY; PRESSURE AB Radio-frequency plasma synthesis of polynitrogen (PN) stabilized on single-and multiwall carbon nanotubes has been carried out using nitrogen mixed with argon or with hydrogen as precursors. Characterization of the samples produced was conducted by Raman spectroscopy (Raman), attenuated total reflectance-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning (SEM) and transmission (TEM) electron microscopy, energy-dispersive x-ray spectroscopy, x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Raman, SEM, and TEM showed that an amorphous PN phase is formed on the sidewalls and inside the carbon nanotubes (CNTs), which decomposes exothermally at approximately 300 degrees C, as indicated by DSC measurements. Molecular modeling assessment of the energy performance was carried out for the related nitrogen chain N-8 molecule hosted inside a CNT and combined with the double-base energetic material (nitrocellulose, nitroglycerin). Similar assessment was also carried out for a promising nitrogen-rich molecule, 3,6-di(hydrazino)-1,2,4,5-tetrazine (DHT), in its double-base form. The encapsulation of this system inside a nitrogen-doped CNT was considered for showing the effect of CNTs on energetic performance. C1 [Manning, Thelma G.; Panchal, Viral] US Army RDECOM ARDEC, Picatinny Arsenal, NJ 07806 USA. [Jaidann, Mounir; Abou-Rachid, Hakima] Def Res & Dev Canada, 2459 Bravoure Rd, Quebec City, PQ G3J 1X5, Canada. [Iqbal, Zafar] New Jersey Inst Technol, Dept Chem & Environm Sci, Newark, NJ 07102 USA. RP Iqbal, Z (reprint author), New Jersey Inst Technol, Dept Chem & Environm Sci, Newark, NJ 07102 USA. EM iqbal@njit.edu FU US Army Novel Energetics Tech Base Program [W15QKN-10-C-0110] FX Most of this work was carried out under the US Army Novel Energetics Tech Base Program, Contract No. W15QKN-10-C-0110. The authors would like to thank Dr. Alex Chou at the Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, New Jersey, and Dr. Chi Yu at the New Jersey Institute of Technology, Newark, New Jersey, for the TEM data, and Dr. Hong Piao, GE, Niskayuna, New York, for the XPS data. NR 30 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BEGELL HOUSE INC PI DANBURY PA 50 NORTH ST, DANBURY, CT 06810 USA SN 2150-766X EI 2150-7678 J9 INT J ENERG MATER CH JI Int. J. Energ. Mater. Chem. Propuls. PY 2016 VL 15 IS 3 BP 231 EP 247 DI 10.1615/IntJEnergeticMaterialsChemProp.2016014051 PG 17 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA EG1LX UT WOS:000390795100004 ER PT J AU Haskins, R White, B Ebeling, R Evans, J AF Haskins, Richard White, Barry Ebeling, Robert Evans, James TI Relating Corroded Seven-Strand, Posttensioned Cable Cross-Sectional Properties to Load Capacity SO JOURNAL OF ENGINEERING LA English DT Article ID CORROSION AB Multistrand anchors have seen widespread use, providing strength and stability at hydraulic Corps facilities. However, these steel tendons are subject to strength reduction as an effect of corrosion. Methods for evaluating the corroded cable strength do not exist to accurately estimate the time until tendon cables would have to be replaced (at great expense). The following five research tasks are used to address this deficiency: laboratory accelerated corrosion; pull-tests on pristine and laboratory corroded cables; optical scanning; data collection correlated with cross-sectional properties of cables; and development of a method to relate this data to the field. The pull-tests provide measured capacities for seven-strand, posttensioned (PT) cables. An optical scan of the corroded cables provides cross-sectional properties of individual wires within the pulled cables. Trendlines are established for the related peak cable capacities and cross-sectional properties in an effort to determine their correlations. Trendlines for minimum wire area and second-moment short axis diameter are found with low error, making them good predictors of loaded cable capacity. This pull-test dataset has been related back to cable failure in the field, assuming a linear rate of corrosion loss for the cross-sectional properties and required PT capacity. C1 [Haskins, Richard; White, Barry; Ebeling, Robert; Evans, James] US Army, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Haskins, R (reprint author), US Army, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. EM richard.w.haskins@usace.army.mil FU Navigation Systems Research Program of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers FX Funds to perform this work were provided by the Navigation Systems Research Program of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU HINDAWI PUBLISHING CORP PI NEW YORK PA 315 MADISON AVE 3RD FLR, STE 3070, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2314-4912 EI 2314-4904 J9 J ENG JI J. Eng. PY 2016 AR 5719156 DI 10.1155/2016/5719156 PG 10 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering GA EG1NM UT WOS:000390799500001 ER PT J AU Korolov, R Lu, D Wang, JJ Zhou, G Bonial, C Voss, C Kaplan, L Wallace, W Han, JW Ji, H AF Korolov, Rostyslav Lu, Di Wang, Jingjing Zhou, Guangyu Bonial, Claire Voss, Clare Kaplan, Lance Wallace, William Han, Jiawei Ji, Heng BE Kumar, R Caverlee, J Tong, H TI On Predicting Social Unrest Using Social Media SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2016 IEEE/ACM INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ADVANCES IN SOCIAL NETWORKS ANALYSIS AND MINING ASONAM 2016 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8th IEEE/ACM International Conference on Advances in Social Networks Analysis and Mining (ASONAM) CY AUG 18-21, 2016 CL San Francisco, CA SP IEEE, Assoc Comp Machinery, ACM SIGMOD, IEEE Comp Soc, IEEE TCDE, Springer, VEEPIO ID PROTEST AB We study the possibility of predicting a social protest (planned, or unplanned) based on social media messaging. We consider the process called mobilization, described in the literature as the precursor of participation. Mobilization includes four stages: being sympathetic to the cause, being aware of the movement, motivation to take part and ability to participate. We suggest that expressions of mobilization in communications of individuals may be used to predict the approaching protest. We have utilized several Natural Language Processing techniques to create a methodology to identify mobilization in social media communication. Results of experimentation with Twitter data collected before and during the 2015 Baltimore events and the information on actual protests taken from news media show a correlation over time between volume of Twitter communications related to mobilization and occurrences of protest at certain geographical locations. We conclude with discussion of possible theoretical explanations and practical applications of these results. C1 [Korolov, Rostyslav; Wallace, William] Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Dept Ind & Syst Engn, Troy, NY 12181 USA. [Lu, Di; Ji, Heng] Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Dept Comp Sci, Troy, NY 12181 USA. [Wang, Jingjing; Zhou, Guangyu; Han, Jiawei] Univ Illinois, Dept Comp Sci, Champaign, IL USA. [Bonial, Claire; Voss, Clare; Kaplan, Lance] US Army, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD USA. RP Korolov, R (reprint author), Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Dept Ind & Syst Engn, Troy, NY 12181 USA. EM korolr@rpi.edu; lud2@rpi.edu; jwang112@illinois.edu; gzhou6@illinois.edu; claire.n.bonial.civ@mail.mil; clare.r.voss.civ@mail.mil; lance.m.kaplan.civ@mail.mil; wallaw@rpi.edu; hanj@illinois.edu; jih@rpi.edu NR 34 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-5090-2846-7 PY 2016 BP 89 EP 95 PG 7 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Communication; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary SC Computer Science; Communication; Social Sciences - Other Topics GA BG6PQ UT WOS:000390760100013 ER PT J AU Home, BD Adali, S Chan, K AF Home, Benjamin D. Adali, Sibel Chan, Kevin BE Kumar, R Caverlee, J Tong, H TI Impact of message sorting on access to novel information in networks SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2016 IEEE/ACM INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ADVANCES IN SOCIAL NETWORKS ANALYSIS AND MINING ASONAM 2016 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8th IEEE/ACM International Conference on Advances in Social Networks Analysis and Mining (ASONAM) CY AUG 18-21, 2016 CL San Francisco, CA SP IEEE, Assoc Comp Machinery, ACM SIGMOD, IEEE Comp Soc, IEEE TCDE, Springer, VEEPIO ID SMALL-WORLD NETWORKS AB In social networks, individuals and systems work side by side. While individuals make decisions to filter or forward information, systems also prioritize and sort information to manage and assist individual information processing. It has long been argued that system level manipulations can reduce access of individuals to novel information. In this paper, we study how sorting of messages in one's inbox can help or hinder access of diverse information in the network through simulation of cognitively bounded actors. We show that first-in-first-out (FIFO) method of message sorting is ideal in bursty information arrival rates and in networks with lower diameter. Last-in-firstout (LIFO) method of message sorting is ideal for streaming information arrival, but leads to information overload in bursty scenarios by creating too many redundant copies of some of the information in the network. In short, the ideal message sorting method that enhances access to diverse information depends on the network type and information access patterns. C1 [Home, Benjamin D.; Adali, Sibel] Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Troy, NY 12180 USA. [Chan, Kevin] US Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Home, BD (reprint author), Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Troy, NY 12180 USA. EM horneb@rpi.edu; adalis@rpi.edu; kevin.s.chan.civ@mail.mil NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-5090-2846-7 PY 2016 BP 647 EP 653 PG 7 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Communication; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary SC Computer Science; Communication; Social Sciences - Other Topics GA BG6PQ UT WOS:000390760100101 ER PT J AU Camacho, M Malu, OO Kram, YA Nigam, G Riaz, M Song, SA Tolisano, AM Kushida, CA AF Camacho, Macario Malu, Omojo O. Kram, Yoseph A. Nigam, Gaurav Riaz, Muhammad Song, Sungjin A. Tolisano, Anthony M. Kushida, Clete A. TI Nasal Dilators (Breathe Right Strips and NoZovent) for Snoring and OSA: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis SO PULMONARY MEDICINE LA English DT Review ID OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP-APNEA; POSITIVE AIRWAY PRESSURE; VALVE DILATION; RESISTANCE; THERAPY; PLACEBO; TRIAL AB Objective. To systematically review the international literature for studies evaluating internal (NoZovent) and external (Breathe Right Strips) nasal dilators as treatment for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Study Design. Systematic review with meta-analysis. Methods. Four databases, including PubMed/MEDLINE, were searched through September 29, 2016. Results. One-hundred twelve studies were screened, fifty-eight studies were reviewed, and fourteen studies met criteria. In 147 patients, the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) was reported, and there was an improvement from a mean +/- standard deviation (M +/- SD) of 28.7+/-24.0 to 27.4+/-23.3 events/hr, p value 0.64. There was no significant change in AHI, lowest oxygen saturation, or snoring index in OSA patients when using nasal dilators. However, a subanalysis demonstrated a slight reduction in apnea index (AI) with internal nasal dilators (decrease by 4.87 events/hr) versus minimal change for external nasal dilators (increase by 0.64 events/hr). Conclusion. Although nasal dilators have demonstrated improved nasal breathing, they have not shown improvement in obstructive sleep apnea outcomes, with the exception of mild improvement in apnea index when internal nasal dilators were used. C1 [Camacho, Macario] Tripler Army Med Ctr, Div Otolaryngol Sleep Surg & Sleep Med, 1 Jarrett White Rd, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. [Malu, Omojo O.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Kram, Yoseph A.; Song, Sungjin A.; Tolisano, Anthony M.] Tripler Army Med Ctr, Div Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. [Nigam, Gaurav] Clay Cty Hosp, 911 Stacy Burk Dr, Flora, IL 62839 USA. [Riaz, Muhammad] Sunnyside Community Hosp, Sleep Disorders Ctr, 1016 Tacoma Ave, Sunnyside, WA 98944 USA. [Kushida, Clete A.] Stanford Hosp & Clin, Sleep Med Div, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Redwood City, CA 94063 USA. RP Camacho, M (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, Div Otolaryngol Sleep Surg & Sleep Med, 1 Jarrett White Rd, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. EM drcamachoent@yahoo.com OI Camacho, Macario/0000-0001-9200-9085; Nigam, Gaurav/0000-0002-9329-9659 FU Apnex; Seven Dreamers Lab; Resmed; Pacific Medical FX Dr. Kushida has research and grant support from Apnex, Seven Dreamers Lab, Resmed, and Pacific Medical; he also has a patent fromPhilips Respironics. NR 33 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU HINDAWI PUBLISHING CORP PI NEW YORK PA 315 MADISON AVE 3RD FLR, STE 3070, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2090-1836 EI 2090-1844 J9 PULM MED JI Pulm. Med. PY 2016 AR 4841310 DI 10.1155/2016/4841310 PG 7 WC Respiratory System SC Respiratory System GA EF9WM UT WOS:000390681800001 ER PT S AU Bias, J Mathur, N Thorpe, T AF Bias, J. Mathur, N. Thorpe, T. BE Trommer, GF TI Advances in Lightweight Precision North Finding and Positioning Systems SO 2016 DGON INERTIAL SENSORS AND SYSTEMS (ISS) SE International Symposium on Inertial Sensors and Systems LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 10th International Conference on DGON Intertial Sensors and Systems (ISS) CY SEP 20-21, 2016 CL Karlsruhe, GERMANY SP Karlsruhe Inst Technol, Inst Syst Optimizat, German Inst Navigat, Royal Inst Navigat, IEEE Aerosp & Elect Syst Soc AB Far Target Location (FTL) is a key element of the US Army's Force Operating Capabilities (FOC) doctrine to see, understand, and act first and foremost on the battlefield. Precise FTL data provides today's Soldier with essential information pertaining to direct and indirect fire, surveillance, and maneuver missions, where reliable and accurate Situational Awareness (SA) is vitally important for dismounted military operations. The US Army in conjunction with our industry partners, have spent the last ten years canvasing the marketplace to develop, optimize, and make available for fielding a lightweight, low power and accurate north finder and position keeping inertial module. This effort has included the technologies of Fiber Optic Gyros (FOGs), Ring Laser Gyros (RLGs), Magnetohydrodynamic gyros (MHD), Hemispherical Resonator Gyros (HRG), and MicroElectroMechanical Systems gyros (MEMS) and various hybrid solutions. Included in these efforts have been major breakthroughs in the evolution of the technologies, many challenges, and a continuing effort to push the boundaries of what is possible in this rapidly changing field. This paper will cover the progress, present state, and visions for the future as it applies to the dismounted soldier and combat vehicle crew members. C1 [Bias, J.; Mathur, N.] US Army, Commun & Elect Res, Dev & Engn Command, Night Vison & Elect Sensors Directorate, 10221 Brubeck Rd, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. [Thorpe, T.] US Army, Program Execut Off, 10125 Gratoit Rd, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. [Thorpe, T.] US Army, Soldier Precis Targeting Devices, 10125 Gratoit Rd, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. RP Bias, J (reprint author), US Army, Commun & Elect Res, Dev & Engn Command, Night Vison & Elect Sensors Directorate, 10221 Brubeck Rd, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2377-3464 BN 978-1-5090-2515-2 J9 INT SYMP INERT SENSO PY 2016 PG 10 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BG6EI UT WOS:000390133000012 ER PT J AU Mondesire, SC Maxwell, DB Stevens, J AF Mondesire, Sean C. Maxwell, Douglas B. Stevens, Jonathan BE Reddy, SM Gaaloul, W TI Physics Engine Threading Design and Object-scalability in Virtual Simulation SO 2016 IEEE 25TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ENABLING TECHNOLOGIES: INFRASTRUCTURE FOR COLLABORATIVE ENTERPRISES (WETICE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 25th IEEE International Conference on Enabling Technologies - Infrastructure for Collaborative Enterprises (WETICE) CY JUN 13-15, 2016 CL Paris, FRANCE SP IEEE, IEEE Comp Soc Techl Council Software Engn, West Virginia Univ, CERC, Paris Sch Business, CNRS Samovar Res Lab, Telecom SudParis, Inst Mines Telecom, Paris Sch Business Res Lab, Olab Dynam, eFrei Groupe DE Virtual World Simulation; Scalability; Physics Engine AB The U.S. Army Research Laboratory (ARL) is investigating technologies and methods to enhance the next generation of tactical simulation-based trainers. A primary research objective is to increase the number of simultaneous Soldiers that can train and collaborate in a shared, virtual environment. Current virtual programs of record cannot support the Department of the Army's goal to train at the company echelon (200 Soldiers) in a virtual environment and are limited to the platoon echelon (42 Soldiers) of concurrent trainees. ARL has identified scalability limiting factors to be the simulator's physics engine and threading architecture. In this work, two threading designs are evaluated on how they perform with high amounts of physics load to determine which thread design is optimal for future virtual trainers. C1 [Mondesire, Sean C.; Maxwell, Douglas B.] US Army Res Lab, Human Res & Engn Directorate, Orlando, FL 32826 USA. [Stevens, Jonathan] Univ Cent Florida, Inst Simulat & Training, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. RP Mondesire, SC (reprint author), US Army Res Lab, Human Res & Engn Directorate, Orlando, FL 32826 USA. EM sean@cs.ucf.edu; douglas.maxwell3.civ@mail.mil; Jonathan.Stevens@knights.ucf.edu NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-5090-1663-1 PY 2016 BP 136 EP 141 DI 10.1109/WETICE.2016.37 PG 6 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BG6JM UT WOS:000390313000028 ER PT J AU Zhong, C Yen, J Liu, P Erbacher, RF AF Zhong, Chen Yen, John Liu, Peng Erbacher, Robert F. BE Qiu, MK TI Automate Cybersecurity Data Triage by Leveraging Human Analysts' Cognitive Process SO 2016 IEEE 2ND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON BIG DATA SECURITY ON CLOUD (BIGDATASECURITY), IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON HIGH PERFORMANCE AND SMART COMPUTING (HPSC), AND IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INTELLIGENT DATA AND SECURITY (IDS) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Conference on Intelligent Data and Security (IEEE IDS) CY APR 08-10, 2016 CL New York, NY SP IEEE, IEEE Big Data Secur HPSC IDS Comm, IEEE TCSC, IEEE Comp Soc, Pace Univ, Columbia Univ, Longxiang High Tech, N Amer Chinese Talents Assoc, Stony Brook Univ, Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, IEEE Transact Comp, IEEE Transact Cloud Comp ID INTRUSION DETECTION AB Security Operation Centers rely on data triage to identify the true "signals" from a large volume of noisy alerts and "connect the dots" to answer certain higher-level questions about the attack activities. This work aims to automatically generate data triage automatons directly from cybersecurity analysts' operation traces. Existing methods for generating data triage automatons, including Security Information and Event Management systems (SIEMs), require event correlation rules to be generated by dedicated manual effort from expert analysts. To save analysts' workloads, we propose to "mine" data triage rules out of cybersecurity analysts' operation traces and to use these rules to construct data triage automatons. Our approach may make the cost (of data triage automaton generation) orders of magnitudes smaller. We have designed and implemented the new system and evaluated it through a human-in-the-loop case study. The case study shows that our system can use the analysts' operation traces as input and automatically generate a corresponding state machine for data triage. The operation traces were collected in our previous lab experiment. 29 professional cybersecurity analysts were recruited to analyze a set of IDS alerts and firewall logs. False positive and false negative rates were calculated to evaluate the performance of the data triage state machine by comparing with the ground truth. C1 [Zhong, Chen; Yen, John; Liu, Peng] Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Erbacher, Robert F.] US Army, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD USA. RP Zhong, C (reprint author), Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM czz111@ist.psu.edu; jyen@ist.psu.edu; pliu@ist.psu.edu; Robert.Erbacher@gmail.com NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1264 USA BN 978-1-5090-2403-2 PY 2016 BP 357 EP 363 DI 10.1109/BigDataSecurity-HPSC-IDS.2016.41 PG 7 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BG6FF UT WOS:000390194300061 ER PT J AU Ho, J AF Ho, Janet GP IEEE TI Effects of Dielectric Material Properties on Metalized Film Capacitor Performance SO 2016 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON DIELECTRICS (ICD), VOLS 1-2 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Conference on Dielectrics (ICD) CY JUL 03-07, 2016 CL Montpellier, FRANCE SP IEEE, IEEE Dielectr & Elect Insulat Soc, Univ Montpellier, Inst Elect Systemes, Grp Energie Materiaux, CNRS DE metallized film capacitors; DC-link; thermal conductivity; electrical conductivity; high temperature polymers AB The effects of dielectric constant and in-plane thermal conductivity of capacitor film on the maximum temperature rise per unit power dissipation or K/W in a DC-link capacitor were studied based on finite element computations which were compared with analytical approximations. The K/W was found to scale with the dielectric constant and the in-plane thermal conductivity according to a power-law relationship with an exponent of 0.9 and -0.65, respectively. While losses induced by film metallization usually dominate heat generation within a capacitor, conduction losses due to electrical conductivity higher than 10(-13) S/m become significant. C1 [Ho, Janet] US Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Ho, J (reprint author), US Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM janet.s.ho.civ@mail.mil NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-5090-2804-7 PY 2016 BP 934 EP 937 PG 4 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA BG5PL UT WOS:000389639800218 ER PT S AU Kessens, CC Thomas, J Desai, JP Kumar, V AF Kessens, Chad C. Thomas, Justin Desai, Jaydev P. Kumar, Vijay BE Okamura, A Menciassi, A Ude, A Burschka, D Lee, D Arrichiello, F Liu, H Moon, H Neira, J Sycara, K Yokoi, K Martinet, P Oh, P Valdastri, P Krovi, V TI Versatile Aerial Grasping Using Self-Sealing Suction SO 2016 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ROBOTICS AND AUTOMATION (ICRA) SE IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation ICRA LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA) CY MAY 16-21, 2016 CL Royal Inst Technol, Ctr Autonomous Syst, Stockholm, SWEDEN SP IEEE, IEEE Robot & Automat Soc, ABB, DJI, KUKA, Husqvarna, iRobot, Khalifa Univ, Kinova Univ, MOOG, PAL Robot, UBER, Amazon HO Royal Inst Technol, Ctr Autonomous Syst ID ANTHROPOMORPHIC ROBOT HAND; MECHANISM AB This paper addresses the challenge of versatile aerial grasping utilizing suction while considering the limitations of an on-board vacuum pump. It builds upon our patented self-sealing suction cup technology, which allows the exertion of local pulling contact forces for grasping a wide range of objects. The novel self-sealing nature of the cups enables the gripper to be versatile, employing just one, several, or all of the cups for the grasp in a passively actuated manner. We begin by describing the design of the system and its components. Because aerial applications are typically sensitive to weight constraints, we used a micro-pump vacuum generator, which introduced new challenges for our system. To investigate and overcome those challenges, we tested the relationship between the cup's design and its leakage, activation force, and maximum holding force. In addition, we tested the performance of the individual gripper components, the aerial vehicle's ability to transfer force to the cups, the system's ability to grip inclined surfaces, and finally the vehicle's ability to grasp a multitude of objects using various numbers of cups. This included the grasping of one object, followed by the grasping of a second object while still holding the first object. C1 [Kessens, Chad C.; Desai, Jaydev P.] Univ Maryland, RAMS Lab, College Pk, MD USA. [Kessens, Chad C.] US Army Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. [Thomas, Justin; Kumar, Vijay] Univ Penn, GRASP Lab, Philadelphia, PA USA. RP Kessens, CC (reprint author), Univ Maryland, RAMS Lab, College Pk, MD USA. NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1050-4729 BN 978-1-4673-8026-3 J9 IEEE INT CONF ROBOT PY 2016 BP 3249 EP 3254 PG 6 WC Automation & Control Systems; Robotics SC Automation & Control Systems; Robotics GA BG5KH UT WOS:000389516202116 ER PT S AU Stephan, J Fink, J Kumar, V Ribeiro, A AF Stephan, James Fink, Jonathan Kumar, Vijay Ribeiro, Alejandro BE Okamura, A Menciassi, A Ude, A Burschka, D Lee, D Arrichiello, F Liu, H Moon, H Neira, J Sycara, K Yokoi, K Martinet, P Oh, P Valdastri, P Krovi, V TI Hybrid Architecture for Communication-Aware Multi-Robot Systems SO 2016 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ROBOTICS AND AUTOMATION (ICRA) SE IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation ICRA LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation (ICRA) CY MAY 16-21, 2016 CL Royal Inst Technol, Ctr Autonomous Syst, Stockholm, SWEDEN SP IEEE, IEEE Robot & Automat Soc, ABB, DJI, KUKA, Husqvarna, iRobot, Khalifa Univ, Kinova Univ, MOOG, PAL Robot, UBER, Amazon HO Royal Inst Technol, Ctr Autonomous Syst ID MOBILE NETWORKS; CONNECTIVITY; ENVIRONMENTS AB In this paper we propose a hybrid architecture that allows a team of mobile robots to self-organize into a multi-hop ad-hoc network and solve the joint mobility and communication problem in complex environments to complete a given task. The system consists of an outer global planning loop and an inner local loop responsible for motion and network routing, arranged in a two-stage feedback system. This system is able to leverage the benefits of previous systems, while avoiding their drawbacks. This results in a lightweight responsive system that is able to operate in complex environments with minimal global coordination while maintaining a minimum end-to-end data rate between robots. Two main benefits of our approach are demonstrated through experimentation superior performance over existing systems and dynamic adjustment to unexpected events. We conclude with a demonstration of the system operating in a realistic scenario, in which the team patrols a set of hallways. C1 [Stephan, James; Kumar, Vijay; Ribeiro, Alejandro] Univ Penn, Dept Elect & Syst Engn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Fink, Jonathan] US Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD USA. RP Stephan, J (reprint author), Univ Penn, Dept Elect & Syst Engn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. EM jstephan@seas.upenn.edu; jonathan.r.fink3.civ@mail.mil; kumar@seas.upenn.edu; aribeiro@seas.upenn.edu NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1050-4729 BN 978-1-4673-8026-3 J9 IEEE INT CONF ROBOT PY 2016 BP 5269 EP 5276 PG 8 WC Automation & Control Systems; Robotics SC Automation & Control Systems; Robotics GA BG5KH UT WOS:000389516204073 ER PT S AU Warchall, J Balakrishnan, A Balkan, O Mercier, PP Garudadri, H Hairston, WD Theilmann, P AF Warchall, Julian Balakrishnan, Aishwarya Balkan, Ozgur Mercier, Patrick P. Garudadri, Harinath Hairston, W. David Theilmann, Paul GP IEEE TI A Multi-Channel EEG System Featuring Single-Wire Data Aggregation via FM-FDM Techniques SO 2016 IEEE INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON CIRCUITS AND SYSTEMS (ISCAS) SE IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems (ISCAS) CY MAY 22-25, 2016 CL Montreal, CANADA SP IEEE, Tourisme Montreal, CMC Microsystems, Analog Devices, Mentor Graphics, IEEE LifeSciences, Hardent, Cambridge Scholars Publishing, Fujifilm Dimatix, UQAM, Dept Informatique, eSilicon, Springer DE EEG; Low Power; FM; FDM; ADC; PLL AB Conventional EEG systems are extremely power hungry due to a reliance on high resolution analog-to- digital converters (ADCs) to cover their required dynamic range. This paper presents a novel architecture for acquiring multi-channel high-resolution EEG using low power techniques. Instead of digitizing the output of each analog front-end (AFE) amplifier with an individual ADC, a voltage-controlled oscillator is used to generate an up-converted frequency-modulated (FM) signal at a unique carrier frequency. All channels then share a single wire via frequency-domain multiplexing (FDM), enabling a rugged mechanical design. The composite FM signal is then digitized with a single ADC optimized for time-domain resolution (1 MHz, 12 bits) rather than employing multiple ADCs optimized for voltage-domain resolution (1 kHz, 16-24 bits), thereby enabling a low-power implementation. To validate this approach, a discrete prototype is developed and achieves 75 dB of dynamic range per channel. C1 [Warchall, Julian; Balakrishnan, Aishwarya; Balkan, Ozgur; Mercier, Patrick P.; Garudadri, Harinath; Hairston, W. David] Univ CA San Diego, Elect & Comp Engn, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Hairston, W. David] US Army Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. [Theilmann, Paul] Maxentr Technol LLC, La Jolla, CA USA. RP Warchall, J (reprint author), Univ CA San Diego, Elect & Comp Engn, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0271-4302 BN 978-1-4799-5341-7 J9 IEEE INT SYMP CIRC S PY 2016 BP 526 EP 529 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BG6DT UT WOS:000390094700139 ER PT S AU Brown, K Brown, A Feenstra, T Gritters, D O'Connor, S Sotelo, M Kolias, N Hwang, KC Kotce, J Robinson, E AF Brown, Ken Brown, Andrew Feenstra, Travis Gritters, Darin O'Connor, Shane Sotelo, Mike Kolias, Nick Hwang, K. C. Kotce, Jeffrey Robinson, Ed GP IEEE TI 7kW GaN W-Band Transmitter SO 2016 IEEE MTT-S INTERNATIONAL MICROWAVE SYMPOSIUM (IMS) SE IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium (IMS) CY MAY 22-27, 2016 CL San Francisco, CA SP IEEE DE gallium nitride; power amplifier; spatial combining; active electronic steerable array; millimeter wave; W-band AB Recent advances in high power millimeter wave (mmW) Gallium Nitride (GaN) technology has enabled the development of a high power solid state W-band transmitter with an unprecedented 7kW Continuous Wave (CW) output power. The transmitter coherently sums a total of 8,192 1W+ GaN Power Amplifier (PA) Monolithic Microwave Integrated Circuits (MMICs) using spatial combining. This accomplishment represents a two-orders-of-magnitude improvement in W-band solid state power generation over previously published results. C1 [Brown, Ken; Brown, Andrew; Feenstra, Travis; Gritters, Darin; O'Connor, Shane; Sotelo, Mike; Kolias, Nick; Hwang, K. C.; Kotce, Jeffrey; Robinson, Ed] US Army, ARDEC, Picatinny Arsenal, NJ 07806 USA. RP Brown, K (reprint author), US Army, ARDEC, Picatinny Arsenal, NJ 07806 USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0149-645X BN 978-1-5090-0698-4 J9 IEEE MTT S INT MICR PY 2016 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA BG6JO UT WOS:000390313200093 ER PT S AU Darwish, A McKnight, K Zaghloul, M Viveiros, E Hung, HA AF Darwish, Ali McKnight, Kenneth Zaghloul, Mona Viveiros, Edward Hung, H. Alfred GP IEEE TI Simple Broadband Gysel Combiner with a Single Coupled Line SO 2016 IEEE MTT-S INTERNATIONAL MICROWAVE SYMPOSIUM (IMS) SE IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium (IMS) CY MAY 22-27, 2016 CL San Francisco, CA SP IEEE ID POWER DIVIDER AB A coupled-Gysel broadband combiner/divider is proposed and demonstrated. The new concept relies on using a single coupled line segment in the design. Significant improvement in bandwidth are realized while maintaining low-loss, ease of design, and flexibility. The coupled-Gysel is demonstrated with a 2.5 - 8 GHz (105% fractional bandwidth) divider with 0.1 dB divider loss, and a 3.4 - 10.2 GHz (100% fractional bandwidth) with 0.2 dB divider loss. C1 [Darwish, Ali; McKnight, Kenneth; Viveiros, Edward; Hung, H. Alfred] Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. [Zaghloul, Mona] George Washington Univ, Washington, DC 20052 USA. RP Darwish, A (reprint author), Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0149-645X BN 978-1-5090-0698-4 J9 IEEE MTT S INT MICR PY 2016 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA BG6JO UT WOS:000390313200353 ER PT S AU Darwish, A Qiu, J Viveiros, E Hung, HA Hesler, J AF Darwish, Ali Qiu, Joe Viveiros, Edward Hung, H. Alfred Hesler, Jeffrey GP IEEE TI Efficient Linear Transmission of Complex Waveforms at 216 GHz Using Nonlinear Multiplier Chains SO 2016 IEEE MTT-S INTERNATIONAL MICROWAVE SYMPOSIUM (IMS) SE IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium (IMS) CY MAY 22-27, 2016 CL San Francisco, CA SP IEEE AB A solid-state 216-GHz communication link is presented. It utilizes a novel mixer-less transmitter technique to achieve efficient complex modulation using frequency multipliers (which are inherently nonlinear). The transmitter operates with coherent power combining of two frequency multiplier chains to achieve precise linear amplitude and phase modulation despite the strong nonlinearity of the multipliers and the saturated power amplifiers. A 16-QAM modulation signal is demonstrated with a transmitted output power of 100 mW. C1 [Darwish, Ali; Qiu, Joe; Viveiros, Edward; Hung, H. Alfred] US Army, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. [Hesler, Jeffrey] Univ Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22902 USA. RP Darwish, A (reprint author), US Army, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0149-645X BN 978-1-5090-0698-4 J9 IEEE MTT S INT MICR PY 2016 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA BG6JO UT WOS:000390313200105 ER PT S AU Gasper, MR Toonen, RC Hirsch, SG Ivill, MP Richter, H Sivarajan, R AF Gasper, Michael R. Toonen, Ryan C. Hirsch, Samuel G. Ivill, Matthew P. Richter, Henning Sivarajan, Ramesh GP IEEE TI Uncooled Radio Frequency Bolometer based on Carbon Nanotube Thin Films SO 2016 IEEE MTT-S INTERNATIONAL MICROWAVE SYMPOSIUM (IMS) SE IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium (IMS) CY MAY 22-27, 2016 CL San Francisco, CA SP IEEE AB Carbon nanotube thin films deposited on sapphire substrates have been used to realize a microwave power sensor that operates at and above room temperature. The detector includes a power-sensitive resistor that has been incorporated into a voltage divider circuit. Using lock-in detection, experiments were performed with 915 MHz test signals that showed detection down to -45 dBm. A sensitivity of 0.36mV/mW was achieved with the device held at a temperature of 15 degrees C. Additional experiments (which included static and pulsed current versus voltage measurements) indicate that the primary physical mechanism responsible for power detection near room temperature is Joule heating. C1 [Gasper, Michael R.; Toonen, Ryan C.] Univ Akron, Akron, OH 44325 USA. [Hirsch, Samuel G.; Ivill, Matthew P.] US Army, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20310 USA. [Richter, Henning; Sivarajan, Ramesh] Nano C Inc, Westwood, MA USA. RP Gasper, MR (reprint author), Univ Akron, Akron, OH 44325 USA. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0149-645X BN 978-1-5090-0698-4 J9 IEEE MTT S INT MICR PY 2016 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA BG6JO UT WOS:000390313200350 ER PT S AU Martone, A Dietlein, C Goyoni, M Sherbondy, K Pulskamp, J AF Martone, Anthony Dietlein, Charles Goyoni, Mark Sherbondy, Kelly Pulskamp, Jeff GP IEEE TI Tuning Technology for Adaptable Radar Bandwidth SO 2016 IEEE MTT-S INTERNATIONAL MICROWAVE SYMPOSIUM (IMS) SE IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium (IMS) CY MAY 22-27, 2016 CL San Francisco, CA SP IEEE DE radar; tuning technology; spectrum sharing; spectrum sensing; optimization; waveform agility AB The spectrum sensing, multi-optimization (SS-MO) technique is investigated to provide a radar with frequency agility and high signal to inference plus noise ratio (SINR). The SS-MO technique requires tuning technology to reconfigure the operating bandwidth of the radar. Fast tuning speeds are needed in order to maintain the coherent processing interval (CPI) length; otherwise, the time available for the radar emission is decreased and results in radiating fewer pulses on target thereby reducing SINR. In this paper several tuning technology categories are investigated for the SS-MO technique. It will be shown how faster tuning technology provides the SS-MO technique with the capability to maintain high levels of SINR in the presence of high power radio frequency interference (RFI). C1 [Martone, Anthony; Dietlein, Charles; Sherbondy, Kelly; Pulskamp, Jeff] US Army Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. [Goyoni, Mark] US Army CERDEC 12WD, Aberdeen, MD 21005 USA. RP Martone, A (reprint author), US Army Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0149-645X BN 978-1-5090-0698-4 J9 IEEE MTT S INT MICR PY 2016 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA BG6JO UT WOS:000390313200433 ER PT S AU Parsa, N Gasper, M Toonen, R Ivill, M Hirsch, S AF Parsa, Nitin Gasper, Michael Toonen, Ryan Ivill, M. Hirsch, S. GP IEEE TI Microwave Power Detection from an Anharmonic Dipolar Resonance SO 2016 IEEE MTT-S INTERNATIONAL MICROWAVE SYMPOSIUM (IMS) SE IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium (IMS) CY MAY 22-27, 2016 CL San Francisco, CA SP IEEE DE Thin film varactors; BST thin films; anharmonic dipolar resonances ID SRTIO3; FILMS; FIELD AB Electric-field-induced, anharmonic dipolar resonances of room-temperature, barium strontium titanate (BST) thin film varactors have been used to rectify and detect microwave signals with frequencies ranging from 2GHz to 3GHz. The resonant frequency was shown to have strong dependence on film thickness with some amount of voltage-controlled tunability. Our experiments involved lock-in detection of a 100% amplitude modulated microwave signal with power levels ranging from -20 dBm to +10 dBm. An on-resonant sensitivity of 0.6 mV/mW was observed. This power detection sensitivity was shown to have built-in bandpass filtering arising from resonant line shape. C1 [Parsa, Nitin; Gasper, Michael; Toonen, Ryan] Univ Akron, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Akron, OH 44325 USA. [Ivill, M.; Hirsch, S.] US Army, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. RP Parsa, N (reprint author), Univ Akron, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Akron, OH 44325 USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0149-645X BN 978-1-5090-0698-4 J9 IEEE MTT S INT MICR PY 2016 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA BG6JO UT WOS:000390313200173 ER PT J AU Nothwang, WD Gremillion, GM Donavanik, D Haynes, BA Atwater, CS Canady, JD Metcalfe, JS Marathe, AR AF Nothwang, William D. Gremillion, Gregory M. Donavanik, Daniel Haynes, Benjamin A. Atwater, Corey S. Canady, Jonroy D. Metcalfe, Jason S. Marathe, Amar R. GP IEEE TI Multi-sensor fusion architecture for human-autonomy teaming SO 2016 RESILIENCE WEEK (RWS) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Resilience Week (RWS) CY AUG 16-18, 2016 CL Chicago, IL SP Idaho Natl Labs, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, IEEE Ind Elect Soc DE human-autonomy team; sensor fusion; trust-in-autonomy AB The adaptation of a sensor fusion architecture typically utilized in multi-sensor autonomous systems toward a human-autonomy driving system is presented. The adapted sensor fusion architecture employs a simplified methodology for estimating the expected and actual performance of human and autonomous counterparts in a joint task. The aim of this estimation strategy is to mitigate human bias and miscalibrated trust-in-autonomy (TiA), through real-time visual feedback to the human subject to recommend authority toggling between the agents, and thereby increase system resilience. C1 [Nothwang, William D.; Gremillion, Gregory M.; Donavanik, Daniel] US Army, Res Lab, Sensors & Electron Devices Directorate, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. [Haynes, Benjamin A.; Atwater, Corey S.] US Army, Tank Automot Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Warren, MI USA. [Canady, Jonroy D.; Metcalfe, Jason S.; Marathe, Amar R.] US Army, Res Lab, Human Res & Engn Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. RP Nothwang, WD (reprint author), US Army, Res Lab, Sensors & Electron Devices Directorate, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM william.d.nothwang.civ@mail.mil; gregory.m.gremillion.ctr@mail.mil; daniel.donavanikctr@mail.mil; ben.a.haynes2.civ@mail.mil; corey.s.atwater.ctr@mail.mil; jonroy.d.canady.civ@mail.mil; jason.s.metcalfe2.civ@mail.mil; amar.marathe.civ@mail.mil NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-5090-2002-7 PY 2016 BP 166 EP 171 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BG6IA UT WOS:000390301800026 ER PT J AU Nothwang, WD Robinson, RM Burden, SA McCourt, MJ Curtis, JW AF Nothwang, William D. Robinson, Ryan M. Burden, Samuel A. McCourt, Michael J. Curtis, J. Willard GP IEEE TI The Human Should be Part of the Control Loop? SO 2016 RESILIENCE WEEK (RWS) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Resilience Week (RWS) CY AUG 16-18, 2016 CL Chicago, IL SP Idaho Natl Labs, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, IEEE Ind Elect Soc DE human-autonomy integration; human-machine interaction; shared control; switched control ID AUTOMATION; SITUATIONS; WORKLOAD; SURGERY; IMPACT AB The capabilities of autonomy have grown to encompass new application spaces that until recently were considered exclusive to humans. In the past, automation has focused on applications where it was preferable to completely replace the human. Today, though, we have the opportunity to leverage the complementary strengths of both human and autonomy technologies to maximize performance and limit risk, and the human should therefore remain "in" or "on" the loop. To adequately assess when and how to accomplish this, it requires us to assess not only the capabilities, but the risks and the ethical questions; coupled to this are the issues with degradation of performance in specific instances (for instance, recovery from failure) that may require a human to remain the sole control authority. This paper investigates the contributors to success/failure in current human-autonomy integration frameworks, and proposes guidelines for safe and resilient use of humans and autonomy with regard to performance, consequence, and the stability of human-machine switching. Key to our proposed approach are (i) the relative error rate between the human and autonomy and (ii) the consequence of possible events. C1 [Nothwang, William D.] Army Res Lab, Sensors & Electron Devices Directorate, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. [Robinson, Ryan M.; Burden, Samuel A.] Univ Washington, Dept Elect Engn, Seattle, WA USA. [McCourt, Michael J.] Univ Florida REEF, Dept Aerosp & Mech Engn, Shalimar, FL 32579 USA. [Curtis, J. Willard] Air Force Res Lab, Munit Directorate, Eglin AFB, FL 32542 USA. RP Nothwang, WD (reprint author), Army Res Lab, Sensors & Electron Devices Directorate, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM william.d.nothwang.civ@mail.mil; rymicro@uw.edu; sburden@uw.edu; mccourt@ufl.edu; jess.curtis@us.af.mil NR 45 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-5090-2002-7 PY 2016 BP 214 EP 220 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BG6IA UT WOS:000390301800033 ER PT J AU Barrowes, BE Sigman, JB O'Neill, K Simms, JE Bennett, HJ Yule, DE Shubitidze, F AF Barrowes, Ben E. Sigman, John B. O'Neill, Kevin Simms, Janet E. Bennett, Hollis J. Yule, Donald E. Shubitidze, Fridon GP IEEE TI Detection of Conductivity Voids and Landmines using High Frequency Electromagnetic Induction SO 2016 XXIST INTERNATIONAL SEMINAR/WORKSHOP ON DIRECT AND INVERSE PROBLEMS OF ELECTROMAGNETIC AND ACOUSTIC WAVE THEORY (DIPED) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 21st International Seminar/Workshop on Direct and Inverse Problems of Electromagnetic and Acoustic Wave Theory (DIPED) CY SEP 26-29, 2019 CL Tbilisi, GA SP IEEE Elect Devices Soc, IEEE MTT S, Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State Univ, IEEE MTT ED AP Georgian Chapter, IEEE MTT ED AP CPMT SSC West Ukraine Chapter, Univ Tphilisensis, NASU, Pidstryhach Inst Appl Problems Mech & Math DE electromagnetic induction; landmine detection; high frequency EMI; voids AB Electromagnetic induction (EMI) instruments have been traditionally used to detect high electric conductivity discrete targets such as metal unexploded ordnance (UXO). The frequencies used for this EMI regime have typically been less than 100 kHz. To detect intermediate conductivity objects like carbon fiber, even less conductive saturated salts, and even voids embedded in conducting soils, higher frequencies up to the low megahertz range are required in order to capture characteristic relaxation responses. In this context, nonconducting lastic landmines can be considered a void plus small metallic parts such as the firing pin. To predict EMI phenomena at frequencies up to 15MHz, we modeled the response of conducting and nonconducting targets using the the Method of Auxiliary Sources. Our high-frequency electromagnetic induction (HFEMI) instrument is able to acquire EMI data at frequencies up to that same high limit. Modeled and measured characteristic relaxation signatures compare favorably and indicate new sensing possibilities in a variety of scenarios including the detection of voids and landmines. C1 [Barrowes, Ben E.] US Army, ERDC, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, 72 Lyme Rd, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. [Sigman, John B.; O'Neill, Kevin; Shubitidze, Fridon] Dartmouth Coll, Thayer Sch Engn, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. [Simms, Janet E.; Yule, Donald E.] ERDC, Geotech & Struct Lab, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. [Bennett, Hollis J.] ERDC, Environm Lab, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Barrowes, BE (reprint author), US Army, ERDC, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, 72 Lyme Rd, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. EM benjamin.e.barrowes@usace.army.mil NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-5090-6176-1 PY 2016 BP 118 EP 122 PG 5 WC Acoustics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Acoustics; Engineering GA BG6LU UT WOS:000390562100026 ER PT J AU Shubitidze, F Barrowes, BE Sigman, JB O'Neill, K Shamatava, I AF Shubitidze, Fridon Barrowes, Ben E. Sigman, John B. O'Neill, Kevin Shamatava, Irma GP IEEE TI UXO Classification Procedures Applied to Advanced EMI Sensors and Models SO 2016 XXIST INTERNATIONAL SEMINAR/WORKSHOP ON DIRECT AND INVERSE PROBLEMS OF ELECTROMAGNETIC AND ACOUSTIC WAVE THEORY (DIPED) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 21st International Seminar/Workshop on Direct and Inverse Problems of Electromagnetic and Acoustic Wave Theory (DIPED) CY SEP 26-29, 2019 CL Tbilisi, GA SP IEEE Elect Devices Soc, IEEE MTT S, Ivane Javakhishvili Tbilisi State Univ, IEEE MTT ED AP Georgian Chapter, IEEE MTT ED AP CPMT SSC West Ukraine Chapter, Univ Tphilisensis, NASU, Pidstryhach Inst Appl Problems Mech & Math DE UXO; EMI; Sensors; Detection; Classification; Forward and Inverse models; Soils ID DISCRIMINATION AB Unexploded Ordnances (UXO) classification procedure consists of the following: background subtractions, data inversions and targets feature parameters estimations, and separating UXO from non-hazardous anomalies. First, each dataset is normalized by a corresponding Tx-current; then, all data files are background subtracted; third, the background corrected data are inverted and targets intrinsic (effective polarizabilities) and extrinsic (locations) are extracted; next, the extracted intrinsic and extrinsic parameters are used for generating prioritized and training targets lists; Finally, once the ground truth for training targets are provided, then prioritized targets are reclassified and final dig list is created. In this paper, the detailed steps of UXO classification procedure using the advanced EMI sensors and models are presented along with the processing and analysis approaches that are used to generate a prioritized dig list. C1 [Shubitidze, Fridon; Sigman, John B.; O'Neill, Kevin; Shamatava, Irma] Dartmouth Coll, Thayer Sch Engn, 14 Engn Dr, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. [Shubitidze, Fridon; Shamatava, Irma] White River Technol Inc, 115 Etna Rd,Bldg 3 Ste 1, Lebanon, NH 03766 USA. [Barrowes, Ben E.] US Army Engn Res & Dev Ctr ERDC, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, 72 Lyme Rd, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Shubitidze, F (reprint author), Dartmouth Coll, Thayer Sch Engn, 14 Engn Dr, Hanover, NH 03755 USA.; Shubitidze, F (reprint author), White River Technol Inc, 115 Etna Rd,Bldg 3 Ste 1, Lebanon, NH 03766 USA. EM Fridon.Shubitidze@Dartmouth.edu NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-5090-6176-1 PY 2016 BP 173 EP 177 PG 5 WC Acoustics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Acoustics; Engineering GA BG6LU UT WOS:000390562100038 ER PT J AU Therrien, AJ Lawton, TJ Mernoff, B Lucci, FR Pushkarev, VV Gellman, AJ Sykes, ECH AF Therrien, A. J. Lawton, T. J. Mernoff, B. Lucci, F. R. Pushkarev, V. V. Gellman, A. J. Sykes, E. C. H. TI Chiral nanoscale pores created during the surface explosion of tartaric acid on Cu(111) SO CHEMICAL COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID CU(3,1,17)(R-AND-S) SURFACES; METAL-SURFACES; AMINO-ACIDS; DECOMPOSITION; ADSORPTION; CATALYSIS; PD(111); NI(110) AB The autocatalytic decomposition of tartaric acid on Cu(111) exhibits unique kinetics, which are linked to a hexagonal surface structure adopted at high coverage. The chirality imposed on the surface by tartaric acid throughout the explosion process is presented, and the hexagonal structure shows promise as a chiral template for enantiospecific surface chemistry. C1 [Therrien, A. J.; Lawton, T. J.; Mernoff, B.; Lucci, F. R.; Sykes, E. C. H.] Tufts Univ, Dept Chem, 62 Talbot Ave, Medford, MA 02155 USA. [Pushkarev, V. V.; Gellman, A. J.] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. [Gellman, A. J.] Carnegie Mellon Univ, WE Scott Inst Energy Innovat, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. [Lawton, T. J.] US Army, Natick Soldier Res, Ctr Dev & Engn, 15 Gen Greene Ave, Natick, MA 01760 USA. [Mernoff, B.] Medford High Sch, 489 Winthrop St, Medford, MA 02155 USA. RP Sykes, ECH (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Dept Chem, 62 Talbot Ave, Medford, MA 02155 USA. EM charles.sykes@tufts.edu FU Department of Energy BES [DE-SC0008703] FX The work was supported by the Department of Energy BES under Grant No. DE-SC0008703. NR 32 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1359-7345 EI 1364-548X J9 CHEM COMMUN JI Chem. Commun. PY 2016 VL 52 IS 99 BP 14282 EP 14285 DI 10.1039/c6cc05820e PG 4 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA EF6HS UT WOS:000390432300023 PM 27878145 ER PT J AU Lopez-Soto, J Wibowo, JL Molina-Bas, O AF Lopez-Soto, Jamie Wibowo, Johannes L. Molina-Bas, Omar BE Perdomo-Rivera, JL Gonzalez-Quevedo, A Lopez DelPuerto, C Maldonado-Fortunet, F Molina-Bas, OI TI Cost Reduction in Dam Infrastructure Using Arced Labyrinth Spillways SO CONSTRUCTION RESEARCH CONGRESS 2016: OLD AND NEW CONSTRUCTION TECHNOLOGIES CONVERGE IN HISTORIC SAN JUAN LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Construction Research Congress CY MAY 31-JUN 02, 2016 CL Univ Puerto Rico Mayaguez, Dept Civil Engn & Surveying, Construct Engn & M, San Juan, PR SP Amer Soc Civil Engineers, Construct Inst, Construct Res Council HO Univ Puerto Rico Mayaguez, Dept Civil Engn & Surveying, Construct Engn & M AB Various overflow structures are used to mitigate failure potential for dam overtopping. Arced labyrinth spillways are spillways folded in a specific pattern and arced to increase flow discharge efficiency. A geometric design optimization scheme for arced labyrinth weirs was employed to analyze the feasibility of the geometric design and provide cost effective infrastructure. The optimization scheme for arced labyrinth weir geometric design is proposed for use in a spillway performance-cost analysis. The spillway optimization method that was developed integrates hydraulic performance and cost estimation to find the most cost effective, hydraulically adequate alternatives for a particular set of site constraints. This paper analyzes a case study that utilizes the proposed optimization procedure and compares expected hydraulic conditions and specific site considerations for over 10,000 arced labyrinth weir geometric designs for a specific case. After applying the maximum design flood as a constraint, the construction cost of the spillway was calculated. The resulting analysis determined the 10 lowest cost arced labyrinth spillway designs that can sustain the expected hydraulic conditions. These final designs were then subjected to an economic and performance comparison to a full-scale linear labyrinth spillway to determine the feasibility of the designs. The arced labyrinth weir resulted in the highest value based on hydraulic performance and cost criteria when compared to a linear labyrinth weir. C1 [Lopez-Soto, Jamie; Wibowo, Johannes L.] US Army Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, ATTN CEERD GSG, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. Univ Puerto Rico, Dept Civil Engn & Surveying, 259 Blvd, Mayaguez, PR 00680 USA. RP Lopez-Soto, J (reprint author), US Army Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, ATTN CEERD GSG, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. EM jamie.f.lopez@usace.army.mil; omar.molina1@upr.edu NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA UNITED ENGINEERING CENTER, 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2398 USA BN 978-0-7844-7982-7 PY 2016 BP 647 EP 656 PG 10 WC Construction & Building Technology; Education, Scientific Disciplines; Engineering, Industrial; Engineering, Civil SC Construction & Building Technology; Education & Educational Research; Engineering GA BG4ZU UT WOS:000389279901015 ER PT J AU Kovacs, K Jayanna, PK Duke, A Winner, B Negrito, M Angalakurthi, S Yu, JCC Furedi, P Ludanyi, K Sipos, P Rockwood, GA Petrikovics, I AF Kovacs, Kristof Jayanna, Prashanth K. Duke, Anna Winner, Brittany Negrito, Melaeni Angalakurthi, Siva Yu, Jorn C. C. Furedi, Petra Ludanyi, Krisztina Sipos, Peter Rockwood, Gary A. Petrikovics, Ilona TI A Lipid Base Formulation for Intramuscular Administration of a Novel Sulfur Donor for Cyanide Antagonism SO CURRENT DRUG DELIVERY LA English DT Article DE Cyanide antagonism; in vitro/in vivo efficacy; parenteral; PEG-PE micelles; solubility enhancement; sulfur donor ID ORGANIC THIOSULFONATES; RHODANESE; IMMUNOMICELLES; ERYTHROCYTES; MICELLES AB This study represents a new formulation of the novel Cyanide (CN) antidote, Dimethyl trisulfide (DMTS), for intramuscular administration. This is a naturally occurring organosulfur molecule with the capability of reacting with CN more efficiently than the present sulfur donor type CN therapy of Thiosulfate (TS). Two types of micelles (PEG2000-DSPE and PEG2000-DSPE/TPGS) were prepared and tested for their ability to encapsulate the liquid, highly lipophilic and volatile drug, DMTS. The micellar encapsulation for DMTS does not only eliminate the possible muscle necrosis at the injection sites, but the rate of evaporation within the micelles is suppressed, that can provide a level of stability for the formulation. The method of micelle preparation was optimized and it was demonstrated that the PEG2000-DSPE preparation can dissolve up to 2.0 mg/ml of the antidote candidate. Keeping the injection volume minimized this could provide a maximum DMTS dose of 12.5 mg/kg. However, even this low dose of DMTS showed a remarkable in vivo therapeutic efficacy (2 X LD50 protection) in a mice model when injected intramuscularly. These in vitro and in vivo findings proved the efficacy of DMTS in combating CN intoxication, and the presented work gives valuable insight to micelle preparation and sets the bases for a more advanced future formulation of DMTS. C1 [Kovacs, Kristof; Jayanna, Prashanth K.; Duke, Anna; Winner, Brittany; Negrito, Melaeni; Angalakurthi, Siva; Sipos, Peter; Petrikovics, Ilona] Sam Houston State Univ, Dept Chem, Huntsville, TX 77341 USA. [Yu, Jorn C. C.] Sam Houston State Univ, Dept Forens Sci, Huntsville, TX 77341 USA. [Rockwood, Gary A.] US Army, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. [Kovacs, Kristof; Furedi, Petra; Ludanyi, Krisztina] Semmelweis Univ, Dept Pharmaceut, Budapest, Hungary. RP Petrikovics, I (reprint author), Sam Houston State Univ, Dept Chem, Fac Coll Sci, POB 2117, Huntsville, TX 77340 USA. EM ixp004@shsu.edu OI Yu, Jorn Chi-Chung/0000-0002-4899-7909 FU CounterACT Program, National Institutes of Health Office of the Director; National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH/Department of Defense Interagency Agreement [AOD12060-001-00000/A120-B.P2012-01]; Robert A. Welch Foundation at Sam Houston State University, Huntsville, TX [X-0011] FX The author(s) disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: This research was supported by the CounterACT Program, National Institutes of Health Office of the Director, and the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, NIH/Department of Defense Interagency Agreement AOD12060-001-00000/A120-B.P2012-01), and the Robert A. Welch Foundation (X-0011) at Sam Houston State University, Huntsville, TX. NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBL LTD PI SHARJAH PA EXECUTIVE STE Y-2, PO BOX 7917, SAIF ZONE, 1200 BR SHARJAH, U ARAB EMIRATES SN 1567-2018 EI 1875-5704 J9 CURR DRUG DELIV JI Curr. Drug Deliv. PY 2016 VL 13 IS 8 BP 1351 EP 1357 DI 10.2174/1567201813666160321115851 PG 7 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA EF5AT UT WOS:000390343800012 PM 26996369 ER PT J AU Mickle, PF Schaefer, JF Adams, SB Kreiser, BR Slack, WT AF Mickle, Paul F. Schaefer, Jacob F. Adams, Susan B. Kreiser, Brian R. Slack, William T. TI Environmental conditions of 2 river drainages into the northern Gulf of Mexico during successful hatching of Alabama shad (Alosa alabamae) SO FISHERY BULLETIN LA English DT Article ID HERRING CLUPEA-HARENGUS; AMERICAN SHAD; SOCKEYE-SALMON; MIGRATION; GROWTH; SAPIDISSIMA; EVOLUTION; FISH; POPULATIONS; ABUNDANCE AB In recent years, the Alabama shad (Alosa alabamae) has experienced dramatic declines and extirpations from portions of its native range. Habitat degradation and barriers to migration are considered contributing factors to contraction in the distributional range this species. To identify conditions during successful spawning, river temperatures and discharges in 2 drainages of the northern Gulf of Mexico (the Apalachicola and Pascagoula rivers) were characterized during successful hatching "windows." Sampling during 2005-2009 yielded 400 juvenile Alabama shad of which 261 were aged from counts of rings on sagittal otoliths. Results from logistic regression revealed that successful spawning coincided with increases in temperature within a specific range (9.4-21.5 degrees C) and with an average drainage-dependent discharge volume (625.6 m(3)/s in the Apalachicola River and >400.7 m(3)/s in the Pascagoula River). Timing of successful hatching windows differed between drainages but not between years within each drainage. Documenting and identifying the river conditions during successful reproduction provide important information on how to manage rivers to aid in the recovery of this species of conservation concern. C1 [Mickle, Paul F.; Schaefer, Jacob F.; Kreiser, Brian R.] Univ Southern Mississippi, Dept Biol Sci, 118 Coll Dr,5018, Hattiesburg, MS 39406 USA. [Adams, Susan B.] US Forest Serv, Southern Res Stn, USDA, 1000 Front St, Oxford, MS 38655 USA. [Slack, William T.] US Army Corp Engineers, Engn Res & Dev Ctr, Waterways Expt Stn EE A, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Schaefer, JF (reprint author), Univ Southern Mississippi, Dept Biol Sci, 118 Coll Dr,5018, Hattiesburg, MS 39406 USA. EM jake.schaefer@usm.edu FU National Marine Fisheries Service, NOAA [0-2003-SER1]; USFS Southern Research Station [SRS 03-CA-11330127-262]; Mississippi Department of Wildlife, Fisheries, and Parks [SWG04]; American Sportfishing Association; Fish America Foundation [FAF-4078R]; USM FX We thank K. Limburg and 2 anonymous reviewers for feedback provided on an earlier draft. We also thank M. Bland, A. Commens-Carson, G. McWhirter, and C. Harwell of the U.S. Forest Service (USFS) and B. Bowen, J. Spaeth, B. Zuber, J. Bishop, and S. Jackson of the University of Southern Mississippi (USM) for field assistance. We thank the USM Department of Biological Sciences and the USFS for providing vehicles and boats. Funding was provided by the National Marine Fisheries Service, NOAA (0-2003-SER1), the USFS Southern Research Station (SRS 03-CA-11330127-262), the Mississippi Department of Wildlife, Fisheries, and Parks (SWG04), the American Sportfishing Association, Fish America Foundation (FAF-4078R), and USM. Logistical support was provided by R. Long, A. Knapp, C. Purtlebaugh, and J. Jackson of the Florida Fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission. All methods and procedures were approved by the USM Institutional Animal Care and Use Committee. NR 38 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATL MARINE FISHERIES SERVICE SCIENTIFIC PUBL OFFICE PI SEATTLE PA 7600 SAND POINT WAY NE BIN C15700, SEATTLE, WA 98115 USA SN 0090-0656 EI 1937-4518 J9 FISH B-NOAA JI Fish. Bull. PY 2016 VL 114 IS 4 BP 503 EP 512 DI 10.7755/FB.114.4.11 PG 10 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA EF2GV UT WOS:000390143700011 ER PT S AU Chen, TJ Shiao, M AF Chen, Tzikang John Shiao, Michael BE Kundu, T TI Verification of Recursive Probabilistic Integration (RPI) Method for Fatigue Life Management using Non-Destructive Inspections SO HEALTH MONITORING OF STRUCTURAL AND BIOLOGICAL SYSTEMS 2016 SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT SPIE Conference on Health Monitoring of Structural and Biological Systems CY MAR 21-24, 2016 CL Las Vegas, NV SP SPIE, Polytec Inc, OZ Opt Ltd, ASP Dynam Inc, TA Electroforce Corp, ElectroForce Syst Grp, Inst Phys, Amer Elements DE fatigue life management; probability of detection; inspection; repair; Monte Carlo simulations; parallel computing; damage tolerance; recursive probability integration; RPI AB This paper verified a generic and efficient assessment concept for probabilistic fatigue life management. The concept is developed based on an integration of damage tolerance methodology, simulations methods(1, 2), and a probabilistic algorithm RPI (recursive probability integration)(3-9) considering maintenance for damage tolerance and risk-based fatigue life management. RPI is an efficient semi-analytical probabilistic method for risk assessment subjected to various uncertainties such as the variability in material properties including crack growth rate, initial flaw size, repair quality, random process modeling of flight loads for failure analysis, and inspection reliability represented by probability of detection (POD). In addition, unlike traditional Monte Carlo simulations (MCS) which requires a rerun of MCS when maintenance plan is changed, RPI can repeatedly use a small set of baseline random crack growth histories excluding maintenance related parameters from a single MCS for various maintenance plans. In order to fully appreciate the RPI method, a verification procedure was performed. In this study, MC simulations in the orders of several hundred billions were conducted for various flight conditions, material properties, and inspection scheduling, POD and repair/replacement strategies. Since the MC simulations are time-consuming methods, the simulations were conducted parallelly on DoD High Performance Computers (HPC) using a specialized random number generator for parallel computing. The study has shown that RPI method is several orders of magnitude more efficient than traditional Monte Carlo simulations. C1 [Chen, Tzikang John; Shiao, Michael] Army Res Lab, Vehicle Technol Directorate, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Chen, TJ (reprint author), Army Res Lab, Vehicle Technol Directorate, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0046-1 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9805 AR 98051U DI 10.1117/12.2217960 PG 13 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Optics SC Engineering; Materials Science; Optics GA BG3ZZ UT WOS:000388442000045 ER PT J AU Neubauer, C Woolley, J Khooshabeh, P Scherer, S AF Neubauer, Catherine Woolley, Joshua Khooshabeh, Peter Scherer, Stefan BE Nakano, YI Andre, E Nishida, T Busso, C Pelachaud, C TI Getting to Know You: A Multimodal Investigation of Team Behavior and Resilience to Stress SO ICMI'16: PROCEEDINGS OF THE 18TH ACM INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MULTIMODAL INTERACTION LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 18th ACM International Conference on Multimodal Interaction (ICMI) CY NOV 12-16, 2016 CL Tokyo, JAPAN SP ACM, ACM SIGCHI, Openstream, Microsoft, Disney Res, Voicebox Technologies, Honda Research Inst DE Team cohesion; emotion regulation; stress resilience; psychophysiology ID SOCIAL FUNCTIONS; EMOTIONS; AFFILIATION; EXPRESSION; WORK AB It has been suggested that team cohesion is a critical factor in emotional resilience following periods of stress. Team cohesion may depend on several factors including emotional state, communication among team members and even psychophysiological response. The present study sought to employ several multimodal techniques designed to investigate team behavior as a means of understanding resilience to stress. We recruited 40 subjects to perform a cooperative-task in gendermatched, two-person teams. They were responsible for working together to meet a common goal, which was to successfully disarm a simulated bomb. This high-workload task requires successful cooperation and communication among members. We assessed several behaviors that relate to facial expression, word choice and physiological responses (i.e., heart rate variability) within this scenario. A manipulation of an "ice breaker" condition was used to induce a level of comfort or familiarity within the team prior to the task. We found that individuals in the "ice breaker" condition exhibited better resilience to subjective stress following the task. These individuals also exhibited more insight and cognitive speech, more positive facial expressions and were also able to better regulate their emotional expression during the task, compared to the control. C1 [Neubauer, Catherine; Scherer, Stefan] USC, Inst Creat Technol, Playa Vista, CA 90094 USA. [Woolley, Joshua] Univ Calif San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Khooshabeh, Peter] Army Res Lab, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Neubauer, C (reprint author), USC, Inst Creat Technol, Playa Vista, CA 90094 USA. EM neubauer@ict.usc.edu; josh.woolley@ucsf.edu; peter.khooshabehadeh2.civ@mail.mil; scherer@ict.usc.edu NR 35 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU ASSOC COMPUTING MACHINERY PI NEW YORK PA 1515 BROADWAY, NEW YORK, NY 10036-9998 USA BN 978-1-4503-4556-9 PY 2016 BP 193 EP 200 DI 10.1145/2993148.2993195 PG 8 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BG6HQ UT WOS:000390299900030 ER PT J AU He, T Ma, L Gkelias, A Leung, KK Swami, A Towsley, D AF He, Ting Ma, Liang Gkelias, Athanasios Leung, Kin K. Swami, Ananthram Towsley, Don GP IEEE TI Robust Monitor Placement for Network Tomography in Dynamic Networks SO IEEE INFOCOM 2016 - THE 35TH ANNUAL IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMPUTER COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 35th IEEE Annual International Conference on Computer Communications (IEEE INFOCOM) CY APR 10-14, 2016 CL San Francisco, CA SP IEEE AB We consider the problem of placing the minimum number of monitors in a communication network with possible topology changes to identify additive link metrics from path metrics. The core of our solution is a suite of robust monitor placement algorithms with different performance-complexity tradeoffs that guarantee network identifiability for the multiple possible topologies. In particular, we show that the optimal (i.e., minimum) monitor placement is the solution to a generalized hitting set problem, where we provide a polynomial-time algorithm to construct the input. Although the optimal placement is NP-hard in general, we identify non-trivial special cases that can be solved efficiently. We further demonstrate how the proposed algorithms can be augmented to handle unpredictable topology changes and tradeoffs between monitor cost and adaptation cost. Our evaluations on mobility-induced dynamic topologies verify the effectiveness and robustness of the proposed algorithms. C1 [He, Ting; Ma, Liang] IBM TJ Watson Res Ctr, Yorktown Hts, NY 10598 USA. [Gkelias, Athanasios; Leung, Kin K.] Imperial Coll, London, England. [Swami, Ananthram] Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD USA. [Towsley, Don] Univ Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. RP He, T (reprint author), IBM TJ Watson Res Ctr, Yorktown Hts, NY 10598 USA. EM the@us.ibm.com; maliang@us.ibm.com; a.gkelias@imperial.ac.uk; kin.leung@imperial.ac.uk; ananthram.swainrciv@mail.mil; towsley@cs.umass.edu NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4673-9953-1 PY 2016 PG 9 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Telecommunications GA BG6EN UT WOS:000390154400045 ER PT J AU Milton, LC Memon, A AF Milton, Leslie C. Memon, Atif BE Zhou, L Kaati, L Mao, W Wang, GA TI Intruder Detector: A Continuous Authentication Tool to Model User Behavior SO IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INTELLIGENCE AND SECURITY INFORMATICS: CYBERSECURITY AND BIG DATA LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 14th IEEE International Conference on Intelligence and Security Informatics - Cybersecurity and Big Data (IEEE ISI) CY SEP 28-30, 2016 CL Tucson, AZ SP IEEE, IEEE Intelligent Transportat Syst Soc, Univ Arizona, Off Vice President Res, Univ Arizona, Elle Coll Management, Univ Arizona, Dept Management Informat Syst, Univ Arizona, Artificial Intelligence Lab, Natl Sci Fdn DE behavioral modeling; continuous authentication; software security; n-grams; statistical language models ID BIOMETRICS; CLASSIFIER AB This paper presents techniques to continuously authenticate users as they interact with web-based software. Unique behavioral footprints, indicating patterns of use for groups of users, are captured from web server log files and integrated into an n-gram model. These statistical language models provide sequences and sub-sequences of user interaction, ordering, and temporal relationships. When users interact with web-based software, their stored usage profile is compared to their current interactions. Deviations may indicate malicious activity. We use our innovative tool, Intruder Detector (ID) to generate the profiles. Afterwards, we use various measures-of-effectiveness techniques to understand the feasibility of our approach. Our empirical study shows that session length and the prevalence of user data significantly affect the model's ability to correctly classify users. C1 [Milton, Leslie C.] US Army ERDC, Informat Technol Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. [Memon, Atif] Univ Maryland, Dept Comp Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Milton, LC (reprint author), US Army ERDC, Informat Technol Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. EM leslie.c.milton@usace.army.mil; atif@cs.umd.edu NR 27 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-5090-3865-7 PY 2016 BP 286 EP 291 PG 6 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BG6EH UT WOS:000390129600059 ER PT J AU Zopf, SF Manser, M AF Zopf, Stephanie Flores Manser, Michael TI Screen-printed Military Textiles for Wearable Energy Storage SO JOURNAL OF ENGINEERED FIBERS AND FABRICS LA English DT Article AB Textile-based supercapacitors incorporated into military uniforms enable the autonomy of wearable, physiological sensors that can be safer and more comfortable for the Warfighter. Previously, researchers have incorporated supercapacitor electrode components into common textiles such as cotton and polyester, but not in military-relevant textiles that have different fabric characteristics. In order to understand how current uniforms could be transformed into energy storage, a baseline for incorporating aforesaid components onto military textiles is needed. This paper describes how screen printing was used to assess the feasibility of the technique to incorporate electrode ink comprised of activated carbon and an acrylic binder onto military relevant textiles. Sheet resistance was used as a metric to evaluate the quality of screen prints, while electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and cyclic voltammetry were used to investigate the behavior of the most promising screen printed textile electrode using ionic liquid electrolyte (1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium tetracyanoborate) and graphene foil as current collectors. It was found that the electrode ink favored military textiles that had a tighter weave and were partially composed of nylon. Screen printed spandex woven textiles were found to have the highest conductivity, attaining areal and gravimetric capacitances of 20 mF/cm(2) and 4.21 F/g(carbon), respectively. C1 [Zopf, Stephanie Flores; Manser, Michael] US Army Natick Soldier Res, Ctr Dev & Engn, Chem Sci & Engn Team, Gen Greene Ave, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Zopf, SF (reprint author), US Army Natick Soldier Res, Ctr Dev & Engn, Chem Sci & Engn Team, Gen Greene Ave, Natick, MA 01760 USA. EM stephanie.f.zopf.civ@mail.mil FU US Army Natick Soldier Research, Development and Engineering Center; University of Massachusetts Lowell Co-op Scholars FX This research was federally funded by the US Army Natick Soldier Research, Development and Engineering Center. Michael Manser was supported by the University of Massachusetts Lowell Co-op Scholars. The authors gratefully acknowledge Mr. David Ziegler for assisting with SEM imaging. The authors also wish to thank Dr. Walter Zukas, Ms. Andra Kirsteins, Mr. Scott Feldman and Dr. Natalie Pomerantz for useful discussions. NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU INDA PI CARY PA PO BOX 1288, CARY, NC 27512-1288 USA SN 1558-9250 J9 J ENG FIBER FABR JI J. Eng. Fiber Fabr. PY 2016 VL 11 IS 3 BP 1 EP 8 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Textiles SC Materials Science GA EF3WT UT WOS:000390256300001 ER PT J AU Johnson, R Lass, J Petullo, WM AF Johnson, Ryan Lass, Jessie Petullo, W. Michael GP ACM TI Studying Naive Users and the Insider Threat with SimpleFlow SO MIST'16: PROCEEDINGS OF THE INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON MANAGING INSIDER SECURITY THREATS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8th ACM CCS International Workshop on Managing Insider Security Threats (MIST) CY OCT 28, 2016 CL Vienna, AUSTRIA SP ACM SIGSAC, Assoc Comp Machinery, CCS AB Most access control systems prohibit illicit actions at the moment they seem to violate a security policy. While effective, such early action often clouds insight into the intentions behind negligent or willful security policy violations. Furthermore, existing control mechanisms are often very low-level; this hinders understanding because controls must be spread throughout a system. We propose Simple Flow, a simple, information-flow-based access control system which allows illicit actions to occur up until sensitive information would have left the local network. Simple Flow marks such illicit traffic before transmission, and this allows network devices to filter such traffic in a number of ways. Simple Flow can also spoof intended recipients to trick malware into revealing application-layer communication messages even while blocking them. We have written Simple Flow as a modification to the Linux kernel, and we have released our work as open source. C1 [Johnson, Ryan; Lass, Jessie; Petullo, W. Michael] US Mil Acad, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, West Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Johnson, R (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, West Point, NY 10996 USA. EM ryan.v.johnson.mil@mail.mil; jessie@lassimus.com; mike@flyn.org NR 31 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC COMPUTING MACHINERY PI NEW YORK PA 1515 BROADWAY, NEW YORK, NY 10036-9998 USA BN 978-1-4503-4571-2 PY 2016 BP 35 EP 46 DI 10.1145/2995959.2995960 PG 12 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BG6HP UT WOS:000390299800004 ER PT J AU Hou, IH Zhao, T Wang, SQ Chan, K AF Hou, I-Hong Zhao, Tao Wang, Shiqiang Chan, Kevin GP ACM TI Asymptotically Optimal Algorithm for Online Reconfiguration of Edge-Clouds SO MOBIHOC '16: PROCEEDINGS OF THE 17TH ACM INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON MOBILE AD HOC NETWORKING AND COMPUTING LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 17th ACM International Symposium on Mobile Ad Hoc Networking and Computing (MobiHoc) CY JUL 05-08, 2016 CL Heinz Nixdorf Museums Forum, Paderborn, GERMANY SP ACM, ACM SIGMOBILE, Collaborat Res Ctr Fly Comp, German Sci Fdn, Heinz Nixdorf Inst, Univ Paderborn HO Heinz Nixdorf Museums Forum AB "Edge-clouds," which are small servers located close to mobile users, have the potential to greatly reduce delay and backhaul traffic of mobile applications by moving cloud services closer to users at the edge. Due to their limited storage capacity, proper configurations of edge-clouds have a significant impact on their performance. This paper proposes a tractable online algorithm that configures edge-clouds dynamically solely based on past system history without any assumptions on the arrival patterns of mobile applications. We evaluate the competitive ratio, which quantifies the worst-case performance in comparison to an optimal offline policy, of our policy. We prove that the competitive ratio of our policy is linear with the capacity of the edge-cloud. Moreover, we also prove that no deterministic online policy can achieve a competitive ratio that is asymptotically better than ours. The utility of our online policy is further evaluated by traces from real-world data centers. These trace-based simulations demonstrate that our policy has better, or similar, performance compared to many intelligent offline policies that have complete knowledge of all future arrivals. C1 [Hou, I-Hong; Zhao, Tao] Texas A&M Univ, Dept ECE, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Wang, Shiqiang] Imperial Coll London, Dept EEE, London, England. [Chan, Kevin] US Army, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD USA. RP Hou, IH (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept ECE, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. EM ihou@tamu.edu; alick@tamu.edu; shiqiang.wang11@imperial.ac.uk; kevin.s.chan.civ@mail.mil NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU ASSOC COMPUTING MACHINERY PI NEW YORK PA 1515 BROADWAY, NEW YORK, NY 10036-9998 USA PY 2016 BP 291 EP 300 DI 10.1145/2942358.2942363 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering; Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Telecommunications GA BG6LD UT WOS:000390463900030 ER PT J AU Xu, J Guo, PY Chen, B Erbacher, RF Chen, P Liu, P AF Xu, Jun Guo, Pinyao Chen, Bo Erbacher, Robert F. Chen, Ping Liu, Peng GP ACM TI Demo: A Symbolic N-Variant System SO MTD'16: PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2016 ACM WORKSHOP ON MOVING TARGET DEFENSE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ACM Workshop on Moving Target Defense CY OCT 24, 2016 CL Vienna, AUSTRIA SP ACM, ACM SIGSAC DE Diversification; N-Variant; Symbolic execution AB This demo paper describes an approach to detect memory corruption attacks using artificial diversity. Our approach conducts offline symbolic execution of multiple variants of a system to identify paths which diverge in different variants. In addition, we build an efficient input matcher to check whether an online input matches the constraints of a diverging path, to detect potential malicious input. By evaluating the performance of a demo system built on Ghttpd, we find that per-input matching consumes only 70% to 96% of the real processing time in the master, which indicates a performance superiority for real world deployment. C1 [Xu, Jun; Guo, Pinyao; Chen, Ping; Liu, Peng] Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Chen, Bo] Univ Memphis, Memphis, TN 38152 USA. [Erbacher, Robert F.] US Army, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Xu, J (reprint author), Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM jxx13@ist.psu.edu; pug132@ist.psu.edu; bchen2@memphis.edu; robert.f.erbacher.civ@mail.mil; pzc10@ist.psu.edu; pliu@ist.psu.edu NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU ASSOC COMPUTING MACHINERY PI NEW YORK PA 1515 BROADWAY, NEW YORK, NY 10036-9998 USA BN 978-1-4503-4570-5 PY 2016 BP 65 EP 68 DI 10.1145/2995272.2995284 PG 4 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BG6HE UT WOS:000390297500008 ER PT J AU Sposato, L AF Sposato, Lindsay TI Occupational Therapy Interventions for Adults at the End of Life: A Systematic Review of Dignity Therapy SO OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY IN MENTAL HEALTH LA English DT Review DE Dignity therapy; occupational therapy; hospice; end-of-life care; terminal illness ID RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; TERMINALLY-ILL PATIENTS; PALLIATIVE CARE; FEASIBILITY; REMINISCENCE; METAANALYSIS; DEPRESSION; EFFICACY; ANXIETY; CANCER AB The objectives of this study were to determine the effects of dignity therapy, a psychological intervention for individuals with terminal illness, and to explore whether this is an appropriate occupational therapy intervention. A literature search produced 10 dignity therapy studies for review. Four reported positive effects (decreased anxiety, depression, suffering), one reported negative effects (decreased quality of life, increased depression), and five reported no effects. With its client-centered and occupation-based approach, dignity therapy aligns with the values of occupational therapy. Practitioners should explore dignity therapy as an intervention and direct future research toward examining its efficacy as part of a holistic treatment plan. C1 [Sposato, Lindsay] Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Sposato, L (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ctr Intrepid, 3551 Roger Brooke Dr, San Antonio, TX 78234 USA. EM lindsay.k.sposato.mil@mail.mil NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0164-212X EI 1541-3101 J9 OCCUP THER MENT HEAL JI Occup. ther. Ment. Health PY 2016 VL 32 IS 4 BP 370 EP 391 DI 10.1080/0164212X.2016.1146930 PG 22 WC Rehabilitation SC Rehabilitation GA EF5JN UT WOS:000390366600004 ER PT S AU de Ceglia, D Vincenti, MA Grande, M Bianco, GV Bruno, G D'Orazio, A Scalora, M AF de Ceglia, Domenico Vincenti, Maria A. Grande, Marco Bianco, Giuseppe Valerio Bruno, Giovanni D'Orazio, Antonella Scalora, Michael BE Kawata, S Tsai, DP TI Tuning Fano resonances of graphene-based gratings SO PLASMONICS: DESIGN, MATERIALS, FABRICATION, CHARACTERIZATION, AND APPLICATIONS XIV SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT SPIE Optics + Photonics Conference on Plasmonics - Design, Materials, Fabrication, Characterization, and Applications XIV CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2016 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE gratings; graphene; silicon on insulator; resonators; filters; absorbers ID GUIDED-MODE RESONANCES; PHOTONIC CRYSTAL; TOTAL ABSORPTION; VISIBLE-LIGHT; LAYER; MODULATORS AB We present a strategy to control Fano resonances in hybrid graphene-silicon-on-insulator gratings. The presence of a mono- or few-layer graphene film allows to electrically and/or chemically tuning the Fano resonances that result from the interaction of narrow-band, quasi-normal modes and broad-band, Fabry-Perot-like modes. Transmission, reflection and absorption spectra undergo significant modulations under the application of a static voltage to the graphene film. In particular, for low values of the graphene chemical potential, the structure exhibits a symmetric Lorentzian resonance; when the chemical potential increases beyond a specific threshold, the grating resonance becomes Fano-like, hence narrower and asymmetric. This transition occurs when the graphene optical response changes from that of a lossy dielectric medium into that of a low-loss metal. Further increasing the chemical potential allows to blue-shift the Fano resonance, leaving its shape and linewidth virtually unaltered. We provide a thorough description of the underlying physics by resorting to the quasi-normal mode description of the resonant grating and retrieve perturbative expressions for the characteristic wavelength and linewidth of the resonance. The roles of number of graphene layers, waveguide-film thickness and graphene quality on the tuning abilities of the grating will be discussed. Although developed for infrared telecom wavelengths and silicon-on-insulator technology, the proposed structure can be easily designed for other wavelengths, including visible, far-infrared and terahertz, and other photonic platforms. C1 [de Ceglia, Domenico; Vincenti, Maria A.] AMRDEC, Natl Res Council, Charles M Bowden Res Lab, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. [Grande, Marco; D'Orazio, Antonella] Politecn Bari, Dipartimento Ingn Elettr & Informaz, Via Re David 200, I-70125 Bari, Italy. [Bianco, Giuseppe Valerio; Bruno, Giovanni] CNR, NANOTEC, Ist Nanotecnol, Via Orabona 4, I-70126 Bari, Italy. [Scalora, Michael] US Army RDECOM, Charles M Bowden Res Lab, AMRDEC, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. RP de Ceglia, D (reprint author), AMRDEC, Natl Res Council, Charles M Bowden Res Lab, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. EM domenico.deceglia@gmail.com NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0233-5; 978-1-5106-0234-2 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9921 AR UNSP 99212Y DI 10.1117/12.2237960 PG 7 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA BG6FZ UT WOS:000390259100023 ER PT S AU Vincenti, MA de Ceglia, D Scalora, M AF Vincenti, Maria A. de Ceglia, Domenico Scalora, Michael BE Kawata, S Tsai, DP TI Absorption of harmonic light in plasmonic nanostructures SO PLASMONICS: DESIGN, MATERIALS, FABRICATION, CHARACTERIZATION, AND APPLICATIONS XIV SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT SPIE Optics + Photonics Conference on Plasmonics - Design, Materials, Fabrication, Characterization, and Applications XIV CY AUG 28-SEP 01, 2016 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE harmonic generation; absorption; metallic nanostructures ID NONLINEAR-OPTICAL REFLECTION; ENHANCED RAMAN-SCATTERING; 2ND-HARMONIC GENERATION; 3RD-HARMONIC GENERATION; METAL NANOPARTICLES; RESONANCE SENSORS; TRANSMISSION; SURFACE; APERTURES; ARRAYS AB Surface plasmons are known for their ability to provide large field enhancement at the interface between a metal and another medium. They can be observed in a variety of structures ranging from plain metallic films to nanoparticles and gratings. Thanks to their large electric field enhancement, surface plasmons have also been exploited for the enhancement of second and third harmonic generation. In fact, metals possess a relatively high third order susceptibility and, although dipole-allowed quadratic nonlinearities are not present in the bulk, they also display an effective second-order response that arises from symmetry breaking at the surface, magnetic dipoles (Lorentz force), inner-core electrons, convective nonlinear sources, and electron gas pressure. While much attention has been devoted to achieve efficient excitation of surface plasmons to improve far-field harmonic generation, little or no attention has been paid to the dissipation of the generated harmonic light. Therefore, we undertake a discussion of both harmonic generation and absorption in simple metallic/dielectric interfaces with or without excitation of surface plasmons. We demonstrate that, despite the best efforts embarked upon to study plasmon excitation, the absorbed harmonic energy can far surpass the energy emitted in the far-field. These findings suggest that quantification of the absorbed harmonic light should be an important parameter in evaluating designs of plasmonic nanostructures for frequency mixing. C1 [Vincenti, Maria A.; de Ceglia, Domenico] AMRDEC, Natl Res Council, Charles M Bowden Res Lab, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. [Scalora, Michael] US Army RDECOM, AMRDEC, Charles M Bowden Res Lab, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. RP Vincenti, MA (reprint author), AMRDEC, Natl Res Council, Charles M Bowden Res Lab, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. EM vincentiantonella@gmail.com NR 55 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0233-5; 978-1-5106-0234-2 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9921 AR UNSP 99212B DI 10.1117/12.2236769 PG 6 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA BG6FZ UT WOS:000390259100018 ER PT J AU Wang, N Pynadath, DV Hill, SG AF Wang, Ning Pynadath, David V. Hill, Susan G. GP ACM TI Trust Calibration within a Human-Robot Team: Comparing Automatically Generated Explanations SO ELEVENTH ACM/IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON HUMAN ROBOT INTERATION (HRI'16) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 11th ACM/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction (HRI) CY MAR 07-10, 2016 CL Christchurch, NEW ZEALAND SP ACM, IEEE, ACM SIGCHI, ACM SIGAI, IEEE Robot & Automat Soc, HFES, AAAI, ACM SIGART ID RISK COMMUNICATION; RELIANCE; INFORMATION; ALLOCATION; SYSTEMS; MODEL AB Trust is a critical factor for achieving the full potential of human-robot teams. Researchers have theorized that people will more accurately trust an autonomous system, such as a robot, if they have a more accurate understanding of its decision-making process. Studies have shown that hand-crafted explanations can help maintain trust when the system is less than 100% reliable. In this work, we leverage existing agent algorithms to provide a domain-independent mechanism for robots to automatically generate such explanations. To measure the explanation mechanism's impact on trust, we collected self-reported survey data and behavioral data in an agent-based online testbed that simulates a human-robot team task. The results demonstrate that the added explanation capability led to improvement in transparency, trust, and team performance. Furthermore, by observing the different outcomes due to variations in the robot's explanation content, we gain valuable insight that can help lead to refinement of explanation algorithms to further improve human-robot trust calibration. C1 [Wang, Ning; Pynadath, David V.] Univ Southern Calif, Los Angeles, CA 90007 USA. [Hill, Susan G.] US Army, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. RP Wang, N (reprint author), Univ Southern Calif, Los Angeles, CA 90007 USA. EM nwang@ict.usc.edu; pynadath@usc.edu; susan.g.hill.civ@mail.mil NR 49 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU ASSOC COMPUTING MACHINERY PI NEW YORK PA 1515 BROADWAY, NEW YORK, NY 10036-9998 USA BN 978-1-4673-8369-1 PY 2016 BP 109 EP 116 PG 8 WC Computer Science, Cybernetics; Robotics SC Computer Science; Robotics GA BG5YW UT WOS:000389809100016 ER PT J AU Ciftcioglu, EN Pal, S Chan, KS Cansever, DH Swami, A Singh, A Basu, P AF Ciftcioglu, Ertugrul N. Pal, Siddharth Chan, Kevin S. Cansever, Derya H. Swami, Ananthrain Singh, Ambuj Basu, Prithwish GP IEEE TI Topology design under adversarial dynamics SO 2016 14TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON MODELING AND OPTIMIZATION IN MOBILE, AD HOC, AND WIRELESS NETWORKS (WIOPT) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 14th International Symposium on Modeling and Optimization in Mobile, Ad Hoc, and Wireless Networks (WiOpt) CY MAY 09-13, 2016 CL Tempe, AZ AB We study the problem of network topology design within a sequence of policy-compliant topologies as a game between a designer and an adversary. At any time instant, the designer aims to operate the network in an optimal topology within this policy compliant sequence with respect to a desired network property. Simultaneously, the adversary counters the designer trying to force operation in a suboptimal topology. We show the existence of various mixed strategy equilibria in this game and systematically study its structural properties. We study the effect of parameters, and characterize the steady state behavior of the underlying Markov chain. While the intuitive adversarial strategy here is to attack links appearing early in the topology sequence, the Nash Equilibrium strategy is for the designer to defend the earlier links and for the adversary to attack the later links. We validate these properties through two use cases with example sets of network topologies. C1 [Ciftcioglu, Ertugrul N.] IBM Res, Yorktown Hts, NY 10598 USA. [Pal, Siddharth; Basu, Prithwish] Raytheon BBN Technol, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Ciftcioglu, Ertugrul N.; Chan, Kevin S.; Swami, Ananthrain] US Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. [Cansever, Derya H.] Army CERDEC, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21001 USA. [Singh, Ambuj] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. RP Ciftcioglu, EN (reprint author), IBM Res, Yorktown Hts, NY 10598 USA. EM enciftci@us.ibm.com; spal@bbn.com.civ; Icevin.s.chan.civ@mail.mil; derya.h.cansever.civ@mail.mil; ananthram.swatui.civ@mail.mil; ambuj@cs.ucsb.edu; pbasu@bbn.com NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-5090-1311-1 PY 2016 BP 274 EP 281 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BG5PZ UT WOS:000389647700037 ER PT J AU Sampath, AV Chen, Y Smith, J Kelley, S Schuster, J Garret, GA Shen, H Campbell, JC Wraback, M Reed, ML AF Sampath, A. V. Chen, Y. Smith, J. Kelley, S. Schuster, J. Garret, G. A. Shen, H. Campbell, J. C. Wraback, M. Reed, M. L. GP IEEE TI Deep Ultraviolet Enhanced Silicon Carbide Avalanche Photodiodes SO 2016 74TH ANNUAL DEVICE RESEARCH CONFERENCE (DRC) LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 74th Annual Device Research Conference (DRC) CY JUN 19-22, 2016 CL University of Delaware, Newark, DE SP IEEE, IEEE Electron Devices Soc HO University of Delaware C1 [Sampath, A. V.; Smith, J.; Schuster, J.; Garret, G. A.; Shen, H.; Wraback, M.; Reed, M. L.] US Army Res Lab, Sensors & Elect Devices Directorate, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. [Chen, Y.; Campbell, J. C.] Univ Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22903 USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-5090-2827-6 PY 2016 PG 2 GA BG5MA UT WOS:000389535400024 ER PT J AU Shur, M Muraviev, A Ruppert, G Rudin, S AF Shur, M. Muraviev, A. Ruppert, G. Rudin, S. GP IEEE TI THz Pulse Detection by Photoconductive Plasmonic High Electron Mobility Transistor with Enhanced Sensitivity SO 2016 74TH ANNUAL DEVICE RESEARCH CONFERENCE (DRC) LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 74th Annual Device Research Conference (DRC) CY JUN 19-22, 2016 CL University of Delaware, Newark, DE SP IEEE, IEEE Electron Devices Soc HO University of Delaware C1 [Shur, M.; Muraviev, A.] Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Troy, NY USA. [Ruppert, G.; Rudin, S.] US Army, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD USA. EM shurm@rpi.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-5090-2827-6 PY 2016 PG 2 GA BG5MA UT WOS:000389535400087 ER PT J AU Considine, C Crowley, S Gardner, G Shannon, C Kwinn, MJ Henderson, SJ Santamaria, P AF Considine, Christian Crowley, Sean Gardner, George Shannon, Caulin Kwinn, Michael J., Jr. Henderson, Steven J. Santamaria, Paul GP IEEE TI Architecting a Development and Testing Plan for the Army's Common Operating Environment Applying Agile Systems of Systems Development to Army Network Acquisition SO 2016 ANNUAL IEEE SYSTEMS CONFERENCE (SYSCON) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 10th Annual IEEE International Systems Conference (SysCon) CY APR 18-21, 2016 CL Orlando, FL SP IEEE, IEEE Syst Council DE System of Systems; Systems of Systems Testing and Evaluation; Scrum of Scrums; Common Operating Environment AB Information is the fuel of modern society; from social media to the stock exchange, the ability for individual entities to connect with each other over distance makes everything possible. Similarly, the ability to leverage information across a complex battlespace is one of the key elements that makes the U.S. Army such a potent fighting force. At the heart of this capability is a robust and adaptive tactical network that facilitates mission command at every echelon. Though the Army possess a strong network, continuing efforts to improve it over time is a struggle. Cost and schedule overruns have become normal occurrences as individual systems fail to pass the Army's rigorous interoperability certification requirements. Without interoperability, the network does not work. The Army's acquisition community's shift to focus on a new paradigm of network development, the Common Operating Environment (COE), promised to create a better system for insuring network interoperability in a timely manner. Old habits and practices, however, have threatened the promise of the new paradigm in terms of development, evaluation, and certification. This document examines current practices and issues regarding network development and makes a recommendation for how to approach COE to achieve greater levels of interoperability faster and cheaper. By utilizing an agile based approach, COE can be developed as a system of systems through iterative sprints that focus on developing an interconnected network that works the first time. C1 [Considine, Christian; Crowley, Sean; Gardner, George; Shannon, Caulin; Kwinn, Michael J., Jr.; Henderson, Steven J.; Santamaria, Paul] US Mil Acad, Dept Syst Engn, West Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Considine, C (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Syst Engn, West Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4673-9519-9 PY 2016 BP 704 EP 709 PG 6 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BG5PW UT WOS:000389647000108 ER PT S AU Lee, H Kwon, H Robinson, RM Nothwang, WD AF Lee, Hyungtae Kwon, Heesung Robinson, Ryan M. Nothwang, William D. GP IEEE TI DTM: DEFORMABLE TEMPLATE MATCHING SO 2016 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ACOUSTICS, SPEECH AND SIGNAL PROCESSING PROCEEDINGS SE International Conference on Acoustics Speech and Signal Processing ICASSP LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing CY MAR 20-25, 2016 CL Shanghai, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Signal Proc Soc DE Template matching; deformable parts; SIFT AB A novel template matching algorithm that can incorporate the concept of deformable parts, is presented in this paper. Unlike the deformable part model (DPM) employed in object recognition, the proposed template-matching approach called Deformable Template Matching (DTM) does not require a training step. Instead, deformation is achieved by a set of predefined basic rules (e.g. the left sub-patch cannot pass across the right patch). Experimental evaluation of this new method using the PASCAL VOC 07 dataset demonstrated substantial performance improvement over conventional template matching algorithms. Additionally, to confirm the applicability of DTM, the concept is applied to the generation of a rotation-invariant SIFT descriptor. Experimental evaluation employing deformable matching of SIFT features shows an increased number of matching features compared to a conventional SIFT matching. C1 [Lee, Hyungtae; Kwon, Heesung; Robinson, Ryan M.; Nothwang, William D.] US Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Lee, H (reprint author), US Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1520-6149 BN 978-1-4799-9988-0 J9 INT CONF ACOUST SPEE PY 2016 BP 1966 EP 1970 PG 5 WC Acoustics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Acoustics; Engineering GA BG3XQ UT WOS:000388373402021 ER PT S AU Ghosh, A Patel, VM Powers, MA AF Ghosh, Arthita Patel, Vishal M. Powers, Michael A. GP IEEE TI COMPUTATIONAL AGILE BEAM LADAR IMAGING SO 2016 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ACOUSTICS, SPEECH AND SIGNAL PROCESSING PROCEEDINGS SE International Conference on Acoustics Speech and Signal Processing ICASSP LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing CY MAR 20-25, 2016 CL Shanghai, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Signal Proc Soc DE Agile-beam LADAR imaging; object recognition; imaging AB A LAser Detection And Ranging (LADAR) apparatus obtains range information from a three dimensional scene by emitting laser beams and collecting the reflected rays from target objects in the region of interest. The Agile Beam LADAR concept makes the measurement and interpretation process more efficient by a software-defined architecture that leverages Computational Imaging principles to this end. Using these techniques, we show that, the process of object identification and scene understanding can be accurately performed in the LADAR measurement domain thereby rendering the efforts of pixel based scene reconstruction superfluous. C1 [Ghosh, Arthita] Univ Maryland, Ctr Automat Res, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Patel, Vishal M.] Rutgers State Univ, 723 CoRE,94 Brett Rd, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. [Powers, Michael A.] US Army Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Ghosh, A (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Ctr Automat Res, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM arthita@umd.edu; vishal.m.patel@rutgers.edu; michael.a.powers70.civ@mail.mil NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1520-6149 BN 978-1-4799-9988-0 J9 INT CONF ACOUST SPEE PY 2016 BP 2239 EP 2243 PG 5 WC Acoustics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Acoustics; Engineering GA BG3XQ UT WOS:000388373402076 ER PT S AU Koppel, A Sadler, BM Ribeiro, A AF Koppel, Alec Sadler, Brian M. Ribeiro, Alejandro GP IEEE TI PROXIMITY WITHOUT CONSENSUS IN ONLINE MULTI-AGENT OPTIMIZATION SO 2016 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ACOUSTICS, SPEECH AND SIGNAL PROCESSING PROCEEDINGS SE International Conference on Acoustics Speech and Signal Processing ICASSP LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing CY MAR 20-25, 2016 CL Shanghai, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Signal Proc Soc ID ALGORITHMS AB We consider stochastic optimization problems in multi-agent settings, where a network of agents aims to learn decision variables which are optimal in terms of a global objective, while giving preference to locally and sequentially observed information. To do so, we formulate a problem where each agent minimizes a global objective while enforcing network proximity constraints, which includes consensus optimization as a special case. We propose a stochastic variant of the saddle point algorithm proposed by Arrow and Hurwicz to solve it, which yields a decentralized algorithm that is shown to asymptotically converge to a primal-dual optimal pair of the problem in expectation when a diminishing algorithm step-size is chosen. Moreover, the algorithm converges linearly to a neighborhood when a constant step-size is chosen. We apply this method to the problem of sequentially estimating a correlated random field in a sensor network, which corroborates these performance guarantees. C1 [Koppel, Alec; Ribeiro, Alejandro] Univ Penn, Dept Elect & Syst Engn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Sadler, Brian M.] US Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD USA. RP Koppel, A (reprint author), Univ Penn, Dept Elect & Syst Engn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1520-6149 BN 978-1-4799-9988-0 J9 INT CONF ACOUST SPEE PY 2016 BP 3726 EP 3730 PG 5 WC Acoustics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Acoustics; Engineering GA BG3XQ UT WOS:000388373403173 ER PT S AU Stephan, J Fink, J Ribeiro, A AF Stephan, James Fink, Jonathan Ribeiro, Alejandro GP IEEE TI SYSTEM ARCHITECTURES FOR COMMUNICATION-AWARE MULTI-ROBOT NAVIGATION SO 2016 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ACOUSTICS, SPEECH AND SIGNAL PROCESSING PROCEEDINGS SE International Conference on Acoustics Speech and Signal Processing ICASSP LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing CY MAR 20-25, 2016 CL Shanghai, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Inst Elect & Elect Engineers, Inst Elect & Elect Engineers Signal Proc Soc DE Communication-aware robot teams; networked robots; multi-robot path planning ID MOBILE NETWORKS; CONNECTIVITY; ENVIRONMENTS AB In this paper, we present a hybrid system architecture that enables a team of robots to self-organize into a multi-hop ad-hoc network allowing for the completion of a given task while providing the desired end-to-end data rates between designated robots. This architecture consists of a two stage feedback loop in which an outer loop provides infrequent global coordination and an inner loop, operating locally, controls the motion and network routing of each robot. The resulting system is able to operate dynamically in complex environments with minimal global coordination as demonstrated through multiple experiments. We conclude with a realistic application of our system, namely patrolling a set of hallways. C1 [Stephan, James; Ribeiro, Alejandro] Univ Penn, Dept Elect & Syst Engn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. [Fink, Jonathan] US Army, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20310 USA. RP Stephan, J (reprint author), Univ Penn, Dept Elect & Syst Engn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1520-6149 BN 978-1-4799-9988-0 J9 INT CONF ACOUST SPEE PY 2016 BP 6395 EP 6399 PG 5 WC Acoustics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Acoustics; Engineering GA BG3XQ UT WOS:000388373406110 ER PT J AU Buenfil, JR Ramirez-Marquez, J AF Buenfil, Jorge R. Ramirez-Marquez, Jose GP IEEE TI Countering Improvised Explosive Devices With Adaptive Sensor Networks SO 2016 IEEE SYMPOSIUM ON TECHNOLOGIES FOR HOMELAND SECURITY (HST) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Symposium on Technologies for Homeland Security (HST) CY MAY 10-11, 2016 CL Waltham, MA SP IEEE DE Adaptive Systems; Bayesian rule; data fusion; dynamic system; EOD; HMI; IED; Kalman filter; OODA loop; orthogonal sensors; pattern recognition; raspberry pi; reinforcement learning; threat assessment AB The design and architecture of a system for automatic Improvised Explosive Devices detection to protect sensitive areas with minimal human interaction is presented. The system, called ACE for "Army Counter IED Enhanced", employs a variety of statistical analysis, pattern recognition and human machine interface in conjunction with adaptive mechanisms. ACE combines four different kinds of inputs: image processing, nonvisual inputs, pattern recognition, and Kalman filters. ACE produces three kinds of outputs: a visualization of the area under surveillance, a highlight of potential threats, and alarms that trigger traffic control devices to contain the threat while security forces proceed to confirm and neutralize the threat. Data fusion of the inputs is conducted with a dynamic system assigning weights to the values provided by each input, adding results into a threat assessment value (TAV), in order to compare it to thresholds for alerts and alarms. C1 [Buenfil, Jorge R.] US Army ARDEC, Picatinny Arsenal, NJ USA. [Ramirez-Marquez, Jose] Stevens Inst Technol, Sch Syst & Enterprises, Hoboken, NJ USA. RP Buenfil, JR (reprint author), US Army ARDEC, Picatinny Arsenal, NJ USA. EM Jorge.R.Buenfil.civ@mail.mil NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-5090-0770-7 PY 2016 PG 6 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BG5NO UT WOS:000389584500048 ER PT J AU Henshel, D Alexeev, A Cains, M Rowe, J Cam, H Hoffman, B Neamtiu, I AF Henshel, Diane Alexeev, Alexander Cains, Mariana Rowe, Jeff Cam, Hasan Hoffman, Blaine Neamtiu, Iulian GP IEEE TI Modeling Cybersecurity Risks Proof of concept of a holistic approach for integrated risk quantification SO 2016 IEEE SYMPOSIUM ON TECHNOLOGIES FOR HOMELAND SECURITY (HST) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Symposium on Technologies for Homeland Security (HST) CY MAY 10-11, 2016 CL Waltham, MA SP IEEE DE risk assessment; risk calculation; cybersecurity; dynamic risk; SQL injection AB Decision-making in cyber-security is mostly ad-hoc and highly reliant on static policies, as well as human intervention. This does not fit current networks/systems, as they are highly dynamic systems where security assessments have to be performed, and decisions have to be made, automatically and in real-time. To address this problem, we propose a risk-based approach to cybersecurity decision-making. In our model, the system undergoes a continuous security risk assessment based on risk; decisions for each action are taken based on constructing a sequence of alternative actions and weighing the cost-benefit trade-offs for each alternative. We demonstrate the utility of our system on a concrete example involving protecting an SQL server from SQL injection attacks. We also discuss the challenges associated with implementing our model. C1 [Henshel, Diane; Alexeev, Alexander; Cains, Mariana] Indiana Univ, Sch Publ & Environm Affairs, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. [Rowe, Jeff] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Comp Sci, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Cam, Hasan] US Army, Res Lab, Network Secur, Adelphi, MD USA. [Hoffman, Blaine] US Army, Res Lab, Cyber & Networked Syst, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. [Neamtiu, Iulian] New Jersey Inst Technol, Dept Comp Sci, University Hts Newark, NJ USA. RP Henshel, D (reprint author), Indiana Univ, Sch Publ & Environm Affairs, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. EM dhenshel@indiana.edu NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-5090-0770-7 PY 2016 PG 5 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BG5NO UT WOS:000389584500062 ER PT S AU Zaghloul, AI Weiss, SJ Anthony, TK AF Zaghloul, Amir I. Weiss, Steven J. Anthony, Theodore K. GP IEEE TI Simulations and Measurements of Large Phase Progression in Multi-layered Metamaterials SO 2016 URSI INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON ELECTROMAGNETIC THEORY (EMTS) SE URSI International Symposium on Electromagnetic Theory LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT URSI International Symposium on Electromagnetic Theory (EMTS) CY AUG 14-18, 2016 CL Espoo, FINLAND SP URSI AB Insertion phase in multi-layered metamaterials play an important role in understanding the constitutive parameters of the material. Simulations and measurements show the distinct large phase change across the frequency band in which the metamaterial exhibits special parameters. This paper addresses the phase behavior for materials that use loops or rings for magnetic properties and rods, wires, or probes for electric properties. Continuous wires and cut wires in the structure show different properties, especially in the frequency regions where negative refraction occurs. The conjecture that negative refraction is a manifestation of insertion phase variations is reiterated in this paper. C1 [Zaghloul, Amir I.; Weiss, Steven J.; Anthony, Theodore K.] US Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Zaghloul, AI (reprint author), US Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM amir.i.zaghloul.civ@mail.mil NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2163-405X BN 978-1-5090-2502-2 J9 URSI INT SYM ELECT PY 2016 BP 611 EP 613 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BG5UN UT WOS:000389770800176 ER PT J AU Ndahimana, JD Riedel, DJ Muhayimpundu, R Nsanzimana, S Niyibizi, G Mutaganzwa, E Mulindabigwi, A Baribwira, C Kiromera, A Jagodzinski, LL Peel, SA Redfield, RR AF Ndahimana, Jean d'Amour Riedel, David J. Muhayimpundu, Ribakare Nsanzimana, Sabin Niyibizi, Gad Mutaganzwa, Emmanuel Mulindabigwi, Augustin Baribwira, Cyprien Kiromera, Athanase Jagodzinski, Linda L. Peel, Sheila A. Redfield, Robert R. TI HIV drug resistance mutations among patients failing second-line antiretroviral therapy in Rwanda SO ANTIVIRAL THERAPY LA English DT Article ID RESOURCE-LIMITED SETTINGS; SOUTH-AFRICA; FAILURE; STAVUDINE; PROGRAMS; OUTCOMES; VIREMIA; ART AB Background: Studies of patients failing second-line antiretroviral therapy (ART) in resource-limited settings (RLS) are few. Evidence suggests most patients who appear to be virologically failing do so not due to drug resistance but to poor adherence, which, if properly addressed, could allow continued use of less expensive first- and second-line regimens. Drug resistant mutations (DRMs) were characterized among patients virologically failing second-line ART in Rwanda. Methods: A total of 128 adult patients receiving second line ART for at least 6 months were invited to participate; 74 agreed and had HIV-1 viral load (VL) measured. Resistance genotypes were conducted in patients with virological failure (VF; that is, VL >= 1,000 copies/ml). Results: In total, 35 patients met the criteria for VF. The median time on lopinavir/ritonavir-based second-line ART was 2.7 years. Of 30 successful resistance genotype analyses, 13 (43%) had nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) mutation, 18 (60%) had at least 1 non-NRTI mutation and 5 (17%) had at least 1 major protease inhibitor mutation. Eleven (37%) had virus without significant mutations that would be fully sensitive to first-line ART; 12 (40%) had DRM to first-line ART but sensitive to second-line ART. Only 7 patients (23%) demonstrated a DRM profile requiring third-line ART. Conclusions: Among 30 genotyped samples of patients with VF on second-line ART, more than one-third had no significant DRMs, implicating poor adherence as the primary cause of VF. The majority of patients (77%) would not have required third-line ART. These findings reinforce the need for intensive adherence assessment and counselling for patients who appear to be failing second-line ART in RLS. C1 [Ndahimana, Jean d'Amour; Muhayimpundu, Ribakare; Nsanzimana, Sabin; Niyibizi, Gad; Mulindabigwi, Augustin] Rwanda Biomed Ctr, HIV AIDS Div, Kigali, Rwanda. [Riedel, David J.; Redfield, Robert R.] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Inst Human Virol, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [Riedel, David J.; Redfield, Robert R.] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Div Infect Dis, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [Mutaganzwa, Emmanuel] Rwanda Biomed Ctr, Reference Lab, Kigali, Rwanda. [Baribwira, Cyprien; Kiromera, Athanase] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Inst Human Virol, Kigali, Rwanda. [Jagodzinski, Linda L.; Peel, Sheila A.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP Riedel, DJ (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Inst Human Virol, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA.; Riedel, DJ (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Div Infect Dis, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. EM driedel@ihv.umaryland.edu FU Rwanda Biomedical Center; Great Lakes Initiatives (GLIA); Henry M Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc. [W81XWH-11-2-0174]; US Department of Defense (DOD) [W81XWH-11-2-0174] FX The authors are grateful to the participants in this study, the health-care providers who invited patients and arranged the place for interview, the Rwanda Biomedical Center for facilitating all financial and administrative procedures. We would also like to thank Neil Gupta (Partners in Health, Kigali, Rwanda) who helped read and revise an early version of this manuscript.; This study was financially supported by Great Lakes Initiatives (GLIA). The HIV genotyping work was supported by a cooperative agreement (W81XWH-11-2-0174) between the Henry M Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, Inc. and the US Department of Defense (DOD). NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT MEDICAL PRESS LTD PI LONDON PA 2-4 IDOL LANE, LONDON EC3R 5DD, ENGLAND SN 1359-6535 J9 ANTIVIR THER JI Antivir. Ther. PY 2016 VL 21 IS 3 BP 253 EP 259 DI 10.3851/IMP3005 PG 7 WC Infectious Diseases; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Virology SC Infectious Diseases; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Virology GA EE6TN UT WOS:000389745600008 PM 26562173 ER PT S AU Nast, T Olson, JR Champagne, P Roth, E Kaldas, G Saito, E Loung, V Mccay, BS Kenton, AC Dobbins, CL AF Nast, T. Olson, J. R. Champagne, P. Roth, E. Kaldas, G. Saito, E. Loung, V. McCay, B. S. Kenton, A. C. Dobbins, C. L. BE Pagano, TS TI Fast Cool-down Coaxial Pulse Tube Microcooler SO CUBESATS AND NANOSATS FOR REMOTE SENSING SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on CubeSats and NanoSats for Remote Sensing CY AUG 31, 2016 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE Pulse Tube; Microcooler; Cryocooler; Microcryocooler AB We report the development and initial testing of the Lockheed Martin first-article, single-stage, compact, coaxial, Fast Cooldown Pulse Tube Microcryocooler (FC-PTM). The new cryocooler supports cooling requirements for emerging large, high operating temperature (105-150K) infrared focal plane array sensors with nominal cooling loads of similar to 300 mW @105K @293K ambient. This is a sequel development that builds on our inline and coaxial pulse tube microcryocoolers reported at CEC 2013(7), ICC18(8,9), and CEC2015(10). The new FC-PTM and the prior units all share our long life space technology attributes, which typically have 10 year life requirements(1). The new prototype microcryocooler builds on the previous development by incorporating cold head design improvements in two key areas: 1) reduced cool-down time and 2) novel repackaging that greatly reduces envelope. The new coldhead and Dewar were significantly redesigned from the earlier versions in order to achieve a cooldown time of 2-3 minutes-- a projected requirement for tactical applications. A design approach was devised to reduce the cold head length from 115mm to 55mm, while at the same time reducing cooldown time. We present new FC-PTM performance test measurements with comparisons to our previous pulse-tube microcryocooler measurements and design predictions. The FC-PTM exhibits attractive small size, volume, weight, power and cost (SWaP-C) features with sufficient cooling capacity over required ambient conditions that apply to an increasing variety of space and tactical applications. C1 [Nast, T.; Olson, J. R.; Champagne, P.; Roth, E.; Kaldas, G.] Adv Technol Ctr, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. [Saito, E.; Loung, V.; McCay, B. S.] Santa Barbara Focalplane, Goleta, CA 93117 USA. [Kenton, A. C.] DCS Corp, Niceville, FL 32578 USA. [Dobbins, C. L.] US Army Aviat & Missile Res, Dev & Engn Ctr (AMRDEC), Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. RP Nast, T (reprint author), Adv Technol Ctr, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0347-9; 978-1-5106-0348-6 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9978 AR UNSP 99780L DI 10.1117/12.2238285 PG 11 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Remote Sensing SC Engineering; Remote Sensing GA BG5QP UT WOS:000389680800010 ER PT S AU Colbert, EJM Zhu, QY Rieger, CG AF Colbert, Edward J. M. Zhu, Quanyan Rieger, Craig G. BE Zhu, Q Alpcan, T Panaousis, E Tambe, M Casey, W TI A Game-Theoretical Framework for Industrial Control System Security SO DECISION AND GAME THEORY FOR SECURITY, (GAMESEC 2016) SE Lecture Notes in Computer Science LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 7th International Conference on Decision and Game Theory for Security (GameSec) CY NOV 02-04, 2016 CL New York, NY DE Industrial control system; ICS; SCADA; Game theory; Cyber security C1 [Colbert, Edward J. M.] US Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. [Zhu, Quanyan] New York Univ, New York, NY 11201 USA. [Rieger, Craig G.] Idaho Natl Lab, Idaho Falls, ID 83415 USA. EM edward.j.colbert2.civ@mail.mil; quanyan.zhu@nyu.edu; craig.riger@inl.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPRINGER INT PUBLISHING AG PI CHAM PA GEWERBESTRASSE 11, CHAM, CH-6330, SWITZERLAND SN 0302-9743 BN 978-3-319-47413-7; 978-3-319-47412-0 J9 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC PY 2016 VL 9996 BP 469 EP 470 DI 10.1007/978-3-319-47413-7 PG 2 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Computer Science; Mathematics GA BG5ZJ UT WOS:000389821200027 ER PT J AU Driver, D AF Driver, Darrell TI Burden sharing and the future of NATO: wandering between two worlds SO DEFENCE AND SECURITY ANALYSIS LA English DT Article DE NATO; burden sharing; Atlantic Alliance; defense; security; Europe; Germany AB The US role in the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) Alliance is a 65-year history of retrenchment and renewal. When Washington has sought a retrenchment from the world, it traditionally increased burden sharing pressure on Europe to do more. During times of increased global ambition, the USA reaffirmed its traditional leadership role in the Alliance and its commitment to NATO effectiveness and relevance. This cycle of NATO retrenchment and renewal, however, is halting. Though the USA will continue to go through periods of relative increases and decreases in security policy ambition, signs point to a permanent defense and security retrenchment in Europe. Germany is the ally singularly capable of filling the resulting security gap. If NATO is to avoid the drift toward irrelevance many critics have predicted, Germany will need to cast off old inhibitions toward security and defense leadership. These trends and their implications for NATO's future are explored through historical case studies and the shifting contemporary security environment. C1 [Driver, Darrell] US Army, George C Marshall European Ctr Secur Studies, War Coll, Gernackerstr 2, D-82467 Garmisch Partenkirchen, Germany. RP Driver, D (reprint author), US Army, George C Marshall European Ctr Secur Studies, War Coll, Gernackerstr 2, D-82467 Garmisch Partenkirchen, Germany. EM darrell.w.driver.mil@mail.mil NR 55 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1475-1798 EI 1475-1801 J9 DEF SECUR ANAL JI Def. Secur. Anal. PY 2016 VL 32 IS 1 BP 4 EP 18 DI 10.1080/14751798.2015.1126970 PG 15 WC International Relations SC International Relations GA EE2YO UT WOS:000389452500002 ER PT S AU Shen, TC Drost, RJ Rzasa, JR Sadler, BM Davis, CC AF Shen, Thomas C. Drost, Robert J. Rzasa, John R. Sadler, Brian M. Davis, Christopher C. BE Kane, MH Dietz, N Ferguson, IT TI Self-aligning LED-based optical link SO FIFTEENTH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SOLID STATE LIGHTING AND LED-BASED ILLUMINATION SYSTEMS SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 15th International Conference on Solid State Lighting and LED-Based Illumination Systems CY AUG 31, 2016 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE light-emitting diodes; free space optical systems; pointing acquisition and tracking ID SYSTEM AB The steady advances in light-emitting diode (LED) technology have motivated the use of LEDs in optical wireless communication (OWC) applications such as indoor local area networks (LANs) and communication between mobile platforms (e.g., robots, vehicles). In contrast to traditional radio frequency (RF) wireless communication, OWC utilizes electromagnetic spectrum that is largely unregulated and unrestricted. OWC communication may be especially useful in RF-denied environments, in which RF communication may be prohibited or undesirable. However, OWC does present some challenges, including the need to maintain alignment between potentially moving nodes. We describe a novel system for link alignment that is composed of a hyperboloidal mirror, camera, and gimbal. The experimental system is able to use the mirror and camera to detect an LED beacon of a neighboring node and estimate its bearing (azimuth and elevation), point the gimbal towards the beacon, and establish an optical link. C1 [Shen, Thomas C.; Rzasa, John R.; Davis, Christopher C.] Univ Maryland, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Drost, Robert J.; Sadler, Brian M.] US Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD USA. RP Shen, TC (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM tshen@umd.edu NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0299-1; 978-1-5106-0300-4 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9954 AR 99540D DI 10.1117/12.2239515 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics SC Engineering; Optics GA BG6DB UT WOS:000390021200012 ER PT S AU Salomon, KA Boudreaux, D AF Salomon, Kathryn A. Boudreaux, David BE Nah, FFH Tan, CH TI Identification of Future Human-Computer System Needs in Army Aviation SO HCI IN BUSINESS, GOVERNMENT, AND ORGANIZATIONS: INFORMATION SYSTEMS, HCIBGO 2016, PT II SE Lecture Notes in Computer Science LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Conference on HCI in Business, Government, and Organizations - Information Systems (HCIBGO) Held as Part of 18th International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction (HCI International) CY JUL 17-22, 2016 CL Toronto, CANADA DE Military; Army; Aviation; Adaptive automation; Pilot-machine interface ID MENTAL WORKLOAD; ADAPTIVE AUTOMATION; INDEPENDENT AGENT; TEAM PLAY; FLIGHT; TASK; PERFORMANCE; POWERFUL; MISSION AB The Army has begun to develop the next generation of rotary-wing aircraft, which will incorporate advanced automated systems. Military operations place a number of cognitive demands on pilots in addition to those seen in commercial aviation. This paper reviews the essential issues in the design of adaptive automation systems for military aircraft and discusses how adaptive automation can utilize psychophysiological feedback to enhance safety and performance. C1 [Salomon, Kathryn A.; Boudreaux, David] US Army, Aeromed Res Lab, Ft Rucker, AL 36362 USA. [Salomon, Kathryn A.] Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. RP Salomon, KA; Boudreaux, D (reprint author), US Army, Aeromed Res Lab, Ft Rucker, AL 36362 USA.; Salomon, KA (reprint author), Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Oak Ridge, TN 37830 USA. EM kathryn.a.salomon2.ctr@mail.mil; david.a.boudreaux9.mil@mail.mil NR 45 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER INT PUBLISHING AG PI CHAM PA GEWERBESTRASSE 11, CHAM, CH-6330, SWITZERLAND SN 0302-9743 BN 978-3-319-39398-8; 978-3-319-39399-5 J9 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC PY 2016 VL 9752 BP 209 EP 220 DI 10.1007/978-3-319-39399-5_20 PG 12 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary SC Computer Science; Social Sciences - Other Topics GA BG5YJ UT WOS:000389807900020 ER PT S AU Kilpatrick, J Apostol, A Khizhnyak, A Markov, V Beresneva, L AF Kilpatrick, James Apostol, Adela Khizhnyak, Anatoliy Markov, Vladimir Beresneva, Leonid BE VanEijk, AMJ Davis, CC Hammel, SM TI Real-Time Characterization of the Spatio-Temporal Dynamics of Deformable Mirrors SO LASER COMMUNICATION AND PROPAGATION THROUGH THE ATMOSPHERE AND OCEANS V SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Laser Communication and Propagation through the Atmosphere and Oceans V CY AUG 30-31, 2016 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE Shack-Hartman wavefront sensor (SHWFS); laser Doppler vibrometry (LDV); deformable mirrors (DM); adaptive-optic system (AOS) ID ADAPTIVE OPTICS; MICROSCOPY AB Innovative technologies are needed to support and augment the development of various types of deformable mirrors (DM), such as Micro Electro Mechanical Systems (MEMS), segmented, bimorph and membrane types that are currently used in adaptive-optic (AO) systems. The paper discusses the results of initial studies that, could, potentially, be employed for full characterization of the dynamic behavior of adaptive optics mirrors. The experimental data were obtained from a typical bimorph mirror using both, a Shack-Hartman wavefront sensor (SHWFS) and an Imaging Laser Doppler Vibrometer (ILDV) developed exclusively by AS&T Inc. These two sensors were employed for quantitative measurement of both the the spatial and temporal dynamics of the DM under broadband excitation via the piezo electric drive elements. The need to characterize the spatial and temporal dynamic response of current and future DM mirror designs is essential for optimizing their performance to a level adequate for high bandwidth AO systems, such as those employed for real-time compensation of wavefront perturbations. C1 [Kilpatrick, James; Apostol, Adela; Khizhnyak, Anatoliy; Markov, Vladimir] Adv Syst & Technol, 12 H Mauchly, Irvine, CA 92618 USA. [Beresneva, Leonid] US Army, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Markov, V (reprint author), Adv Syst & Technol, 12 H Mauchly, Irvine, CA 92618 USA. EM vmarkov@asatechinc.com NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0349-3; 978-1-5106-0350-9 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9979 AR UNSP 997906 DI 10.1117/12.2238431 PG 12 WC Optics; Telecommunications SC Optics; Telecommunications GA BG5QN UT WOS:000389680600004 ER PT S AU De Sio, L Roberts, DE Tabiryan, NV Steeves, DM Kimball, BR AF De Sio, Luciano Roberts, David E. Tabiryan, Nelson V. Steeves, Diane M. Kimball, Brian R. BE Khoo, IC TI Digital polarization holography advancing 4G optics SO LIQUID CRYSTALS XX SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Liquid Crystals XX CY AUG 28-30, 2016 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE C1 [De Sio, Luciano; Roberts, David E.; Tabiryan, Nelson V.] BEAM Engn Adv Measurements Co, Orlando, FL 32810 USA. [Steeves, Diane M.; Kimball, Brian R.] US Army, Ctr Dev & Engn, Natick Soldier Res, Natick, MA USA. RP De Sio, L (reprint author), BEAM Engn Adv Measurements Co, Orlando, FL 32810 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0271-7; 978-1-5106-0272-4 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9940 AR UNSP 994007 DI 10.1117/12.2235859 PG 1 WC Optics; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Optics; Physics GA BG5QS UT WOS:000389681100005 ER PT S AU Tabiryan, NV Hwang, J Steeves, DM Kimball, BR Bunning, TJ White, TJ AF Tabiryan, Nelson V. Hwang, Jeoungyeon Steeves, Diane M. Kimball, Brian R. Bunning, Timothy J. White, Timothy J. BE Khoo, IC TI Integrating 4G Optics SO LIQUID CRYSTALS XX SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Liquid Crystals XX CY AUG 28-30, 2016 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE C1 [Tabiryan, Nelson V.; Hwang, Jeoungyeon] BEAM Engn Adv Measurements Co, Orlando, FL 32810 USA. [Steeves, Diane M.; Kimball, Brian R.] US Army Natick Soldier Res, Ctr Dev & Engn, Natick, MA USA. [Bunning, Timothy J.; White, Timothy J.] Air Force Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH USA. RP Tabiryan, NV (reprint author), BEAM Engn Adv Measurements Co, Orlando, FL 32810 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0271-7; 978-1-5106-0272-4 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9940 AR UNSP 994018 DI 10.1117/12.2238955 PG 1 WC Optics; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Optics; Physics GA BG5QS UT WOS:000389681100036 ER PT B AU Heidner, WJ AF Heidner, William J. BE McDonald, EV Bullard, T TI Preparing for War in the Desert Southwest; From the California-Arizona Maneuver Area to the Yuma Test Branch (and Beyond) SO MILITARY GEOSCIENCES AND DESERT WARFARE: PAST LESSONS AND MODERN CHALLENGES SE Advances in Military Geosciences LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Conference on Military Geosciences (ICMG) CY JUN 20-24, 2011 CL Las Vegas, NV DE Desert Training Center/California-Arizona Maneuver Area (DTC/C-AMA Yuma Test Branch); Desert Proving Ground; US Army Yuma Proving Ground AB The history of the US Army Yuma Proving Ground (YPG) as the location for the scientific investigation of the natural environmental effects of desert climactic conditions on men and material of the United States Armed Forces, begins with the national response to our entry into World War II. As the Nation awoke to the terrible news of the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor, we also awoke to the fact that as a Nation we were totally unprepared for war. The Desert southwest of North America was seen as an ideal location to take care of many of these issues of military preparedness that now faced the Nation. General Patton's Desert Training Center (DTC) was established to quickly get our forces ready for War in North Africa. The DTC would evolve to become so much more. War-time requirements undertaken in the Desert Southwest came with an extreme sense of urgency. In an effort to compress development time for the new and improved materials of war, Research, Development, Test & Evaluation (R, D, T&E) was conducted in the natural environment in order to more quickly derive results. The U.S. Army Quartermaster Corps, along with the Ordnance Corps would see the harsh environment and topography of Camp Seeley CA as offering ideal environmental conditions in which to test Army vehicles and their sub-systems. The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers would establish the Yuma Test Branch at the Imperial Dam, the ideal location to test tactical bridging equipment. In many cases, the Yuma Proving Ground occupies the same geography as these precursor facilities. In other cases it is the mission and heritage of those war-time entities that have continued to evolve at the Proving Ground. This paper covers this initial historic period, a period that covers from 1942 until 1950. C1 [Heidner, William J.] US Army Yuma Proving Ground, Heritage Ctr, Yuma, AZ 85365 USA. RP Heidner, WJ (reprint author), US Army Yuma Proving Ground, Heritage Ctr, Yuma, AZ 85365 USA. EM William.j.heidner.civ@mail.mil NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES BN 978-1-4939-3429-4; 978-1-4939-3427-0 J9 ADV MIL GEOSCI PY 2016 BP 37 EP 50 DI 10.1007/978-1-4939-3429-4_3 PG 14 WC Geography; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; History SC Geography; Geology; History GA BG5YC UT WOS:000389807200003 ER PT B AU Gilewitch, DA Pellerin, JD AF Gilewitch, Daniel A. Pellerin, Jay D. BE McDonald, EV Bullard, T TI The Influence of Physical Geography on the Battle of Kasserine Pass, Tunisia 1943 SO MILITARY GEOSCIENCES AND DESERT WARFARE: PAST LESSONS AND MODERN CHALLENGES SE Advances in Military Geosciences LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Conference on Military Geosciences (ICMG) CY JUN 20-24, 2011 CL Las Vegas, NV DE Kasserine Pass; North Africa; Desert warfare; Physical geography; Weather; Panzer; Operation TORCH AB The first significant WWII encounter between the American 1st Armored Division and German panzer divisions occurred at the Battle of Kasserine Pass in central Tunisia in February, 1943. The battle was a devastating defeat for the Americans and a significant blow to American morale and prestige. Axis forces handled the green American soldiers easily, defeating them in detail at Sidi Bou Zid and again at Sbietla; but as Allied reinforcements arrived and terrain turned more restrictive in the mountain passes around Kasserine, the Axis attack culminated. Eventually, the Allies gained the initiative and did not lose it again in the North African Theater. Both poor preparations for combat operations in the desert environment and an ill-conceived and poorly tested armor force doctrine contributed to the American defeat. This study examines the conduct of the engagements at Sidi Bou Zid, Sbietla and in the vicinity of Kasserine Pass itself. In the end, it was the restrictive terrain west of Kasserine Pass as much as the efforts of the Allied troops that forced Rommel's forces to culminate short of obtaining his objectives. C1 [Gilewitch, Daniel A.] US Army Command & Gen Staff Coll, Dept Joint Interagcy & Multinatl Operat, Fort Leavenworth, KS 66027 USA. [Pellerin, Jay D.] USARNORTH Fifth Army, TF 51, Ft Sam Houston, TX USA. RP Gilewitch, DA (reprint author), US Army Command & Gen Staff Coll, Dept Joint Interagcy & Multinatl Operat, Fort Leavenworth, KS 66027 USA. EM Daniel.A.Gilewitch.civ@mail.mil; Jay.D.Pellerin2.mil@mail.mil NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES BN 978-1-4939-3429-4; 978-1-4939-3427-0 J9 ADV MIL GEOSCI PY 2016 BP 51 EP 65 DI 10.1007/978-1-4939-3429-4_4 PG 15 WC Geography; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; History SC Geography; Geology; History GA BG5YC UT WOS:000389807200004 ER PT S AU Brantley, CL Edwards, E Ruffin, PB Kranz, M AF Brantley, Christina L. Edwards, Eugene Ruffin, Paul B. Kranz, Michael BE Varadan, VK TI Nano Based Sensor for Assessment of Weaponry Structural Degradation SO NANOSENSORS, BIOSENSORS, AND INFO-TECH SENSORS AND SYSTEMS 2016 SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Nanosensors, Biosensors, and Info-Tech Sensors and Systems CY MAR 21-24, 2016 CL Las Vegas, NV SP SPIE, Polytec Inc, OZ Opt Ltd, APS Dynam Inc, TA Electroforce Corp, ElectroForce Syst Grp, Inst Phys, Amer Elements AB Missiles and weaponry-based systems are composed of metal structures that can degrade after prolonged exposure to environmental elements. A particular concern is accumulation of corrosion that generally results from prolonged environmental exposure. Corrosion, defined as the unintended destruction or deterioration of a material due to its interaction with the environment, can negatively affect both equipment and infrastructure. System readiness and safety can be reduced if corrosion is not detected, prevented and managed. The current corrosion recognition methods (Visual, Radiography, Ultrasonics, Eddy Current, and Thermography) are expensive and potentially unreliable. Visual perception is the most commonly used method for determining corrosion in metal. Utilization of an inductance-based sensor system is being proposed as part of the authors' research. Results from this research will provide a more efficient, economical, and non-destructive sensing approach. Preliminary results demonstrate a highly linear degradation within a corrosive environment due to the increased surface area available on the sensor coupon. The inductance of the devices, which represents a volume property of the coupon, demonstrated sensitivity to corrosion levels. The proposed approach allows a direct mass-loss measurement based on the change in the inductance of the coupon when placed in an alternating magnetic field. Prototype devices have demonstrated highly predictable corrosion rates that are easily measured using low-power small electronic circuits and energy harvesting methods to interrogate the sensor. Preliminary testing demonstrates that the device concept is acceptable and future opportunities for use in low power embedded applications are achievable. Key results in this paper include the assessment of typical Army corrosion cost, degradation patterns of varying metal materials, and application of wireless sensors elements. C1 [Brantley, Christina L.; Edwards, Eugene] US Army Res Dev & Engn Command, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. [Ruffin, Paul B.] Alabama A&M Univ, Coll Phys Chem & Engn, Normal, AL 35811 USA. [Kranz, Michael] EngeniusMicro LLC, 228 Holmes Ave NE, Huntsville, AL 35801 USA. RP Brantley, CL (reprint author), US Army Res Dev & Engn Command, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. NR 2 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0043-0 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9802 AR UNSP 980202 DI 10.1117/12.2219581 PG 11 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation GA BG5RB UT WOS:000389682000001 ER PT S AU Tortonesi, M Michaelis, J Suri, N Baker, M AF Tortonesi, Mauro Michaelis, James Suri, Niranjan Baker, Michael BE Badonnel, SO Ulema, M Cavdar, C Granville, LZ DosSantos, CRP TI Software-defined and Value-based Information Processing and Dissemination in IoT Applications SO NOMS 2016 - 2016 IEEE/IFIP NETWORK OPERATIONS AND MANAGEMENT SYMPOSIUM SE IEEE IFIP Network Operations and Management Symposium LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE/IFIP Network Operations and Management Symposium (NOMS) CY APR 25-29, 2016 CL Istanbul, TURKEY SP IEEE, IFIP, IEEE Big Data, Cisco, Argela, Avaya, Nokia, ITU ARI Teknokent, NETAS, IBM, Super Cloud Comp Ctr, IEEE Commun Soc DE Internet of Things; Software Defined Networking; Information Dissemination; Value of Information ID NETWORKS AB In the near term, a multitude of IoT applications are expected, each taking advantage of heterogeneous device collections ranging from environmental sensors to smartphones. However, approaches taken in many IoT systems - based on the paradigm of Cloud computing - face challenges of both high latency and network utilization. A clear demand now exists for new paradigms to facilitate IoT application usage of computational resources at the edge of the network for data analysis purposes, as well as smart dissemination solutions to deliver information to consumers. This paper presents SPF (Sieve, Process, and Forward), a Software Defined Networking (SDN) solution for creating and managing IoT applications and services. By leveraging programmable information processors deployed at the InternetIoT edge, the SDN approach introduced by SPF represents a promising architecture for future urban computing applications. C1 [Tortonesi, Mauro] Univ Ferrara, Dept Engn, Ferrara, Italy. [Michaelis, James; Suri, Niranjan; Baker, Michael] US Army, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD USA. [Suri, Niranjan] Florida Inst Human & Machine Cognit, Pensacola, FL USA. RP Tortonesi, M (reprint author), Univ Ferrara, Dept Engn, Ferrara, Italy. EM mauro.tortonesi@unife.it; james.r.michaelis2.civ@mail.mil; niranjan.suri.ctr@mail.mil; michael.a.baker.mil@mail.mil NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1542-1201 BN 978-1-5090-0223-8 J9 IEEE IFIP NETW OPER PY 2016 BP 789 EP 793 PG 5 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Information Systems SC Computer Science GA BG5ZX UT WOS:000389830100111 ER PT S AU Perconti, P Bedair, SS Bajaj, J Schuster, J Reed, M AF Perconti, Philip Bedair, Sarah S. Bajaj, Jagmohan Schuster, Jonathan Reed, Meredith BE Razeghi, M Temple, DS Brown, GJ TI Center for Semiconductor Materials and Device Modeling: Expanding Collaborative Research Opportunities between Government, Academia, and Industry SO OPTICAL SENSING, IMAGING, AND PHOTON COUNTING: NANOSTRUCTURED DEVICES AND APPLICATIONS 2016 SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Optical Sensing, Imaging, and Photon Counting - Nanostructured Devices and Applications CY AUG 31, 2016 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE multi-scale modeling; semiconductors; sensors; infrared (IR); photonics; army applications; soldier requirements ID MODULATION TRANSFER-FUNCTION; INFRARED DETECTORS; SUPERLATTICES; SIMULATION; ARRAYS; PITCH; MTF AB To increase Soldier readiness and enhance situational understanding in ever-changing and complex environments, there is a need for rapid development and deployment of Army technologies utilizing sensors, photonics, and electronics. Fundamental aspects of these technologies include the research and development of semiconductor materials and devices which are ubiquitous in numerous applications. Since many Army technologies are considered niche, there is a lack of significant industry investment in the fundamental research and understanding of semiconductor technologies relevant to the Army. To address this issue, the US Army Research Laboratory is establishing a Center for Semiconductor Materials and Device Modeling and seeks to leverage expertise and resources across academia, government and industry. Several key research areas-highlighted and addressed in this paper-have been identified by ARL and external partners and will be pursued in a collaborative fashion by this Center. This paper will also address the mechanisms by which the Center is being established and will operate. C1 [Perconti, Philip; Bedair, Sarah S.; Bajaj, Jagmohan; Schuster, Jonathan; Reed, Meredith] US Army, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Perconti, P (reprint author), US Army, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. OI Schuster, Jonathan/0000-0002-0835-5733 NR 49 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0257-1; 978-1-5106-0258-8 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9933 AR 993308 DI 10.1117/12.2240312 PG 9 WC Optics; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Optics; Physics GA BG6CZ UT WOS:000390019700006 ER PT S AU Drost, RJ Brodsky, M AF Drost, Robert J. Brodsky, Michael BE Meyers, RE Shih, Y Deacon, KS TI Design framework for entanglement-distribution switching networks SO QUANTUM COMMUNICATIONS AND QUANTUM IMAGING XIV SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Quantum Communications and Quantum Imaging XIV CY AUG 28-29, 2016 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE Optical fiber networks; optical switching networks; quantum entanglement; quantum networks AB The distribution of quantum entanglement appears to be an important component of applications of quantum communications and networks. The ability to centralize the sourcing of entanglement in a quantum network can provide for improved efficiency and enable a variety of network structures. A necessary feature of an entanglement-sourcing network node comprising several sources of entangled photons is the ability to reconfigurably route the generated pairs of photons to network neighbors depending on the desired entanglement sharing of the network users at a given time. One approach to such routing is the use of a photonic switching network. The requirements for an entanglement distribution switching network are less restrictive than for typical conventional applications, leading to design freedom that can be leveraged to optimize additional criteria. In this paper, we present a mathematical framework defining the requirements of an entanglement-distribution switching network. We then consider the design of such a switching network using a number of 2 x 2 crossbar switches, addressing the interconnection of these switches and efficient routing algorithms. In particular, we define a worst-case loss metric and consider 6 x 6, 8 x 8, and 10 x 10 network designs that optimize both this metric and the number of crossbar switches composing the network. We pay particular attention to the 10 x 10 network, detailing novel results proving the optimality of the proposed design. These optimized network designs have great potential for use in practical quantum networks, thus advancing the concept of quantum networks toward reality. C1 [Drost, Robert J.; Brodsky, Michael] Army Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Drost, RJ (reprint author), Army Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0351-6; 978-1-5106-0352-3 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9980 AR 998006 DI 10.1117/12.2237782 PG 10 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BG6DH UT WOS:000390027600002 ER PT S AU Kirby, BT Santra, S Malinovsky, VS Brodsky, M AF Kirby, Brian T. Santra, Siddhartha Malinovsky, Vladimir S. Brodsky, Michael BE Meyers, RE Shih, Y Deacon, KS TI The Utility of Entanglement Swapping in Quantum Communications SO QUANTUM COMMUNICATIONS AND QUANTUM IMAGING XIV SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Quantum Communications and Quantum Imaging XIV CY AUG 28-29, 2016 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE Entanglement Swapping; Quantum Networks; Quantum Communications ID POLARIZATION MODE DISPERSION AB The nonlocal correlations between quantum states in an entangled system are essential to many quantum communications applications. A basic quantum operation, which permits the distribution of entanglement between two initially uncorrelated systems, is entanglement swapping. Here we present a rigorous formulation of entanglement swapping of any two partially mixed two-qubit states without limiting ourselves to any specific type of state or noise. Further, for two important classes of the input states, Bell diagonal and pure states, we describe how the concurrence of the final state is related to the concurrence of the initial states. First, we consider Bell diagonal states, and find bounds on the concurrence of the final state in terms of the concurrences of the initial states. These bounds are important for communications applications because polarization mode dispersion in fibers produces Bell diagonal states up to a local unitary rotation. Second, we show that swapping pure states occasionally results in a state of higher concurrence than either of the initial states. In addition, we find that two pure states are most likely to be capable of swapping to a state of increased concurrence when the two initial states have similar concurrences. Our analysis offers a completely general framework for investigating the behavior of any pair of two-qubit states when used for entanglement swapping. C1 [Kirby, Brian T.; Santra, Siddhartha; Malinovsky, Vladimir S.; Brodsky, Michael] US Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Kirby, BT (reprint author), US Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM brian.t.kirby4.ctr@mail.mil NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0351-6; 978-1-5106-0352-3 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9980 AR 99800L DI 10.1117/12.2237760 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Particles & Fields SC Physics GA BG6DH UT WOS:000390027600011 ER PT S AU Perconti, P Alberts, WCK Bajaj, J Schuster, J Reed, M AF Perconti, Philip Alberts, W. C. Kirkpatrick, II Bajaj, Jagmohan Schuster, Jonathan Reed, Meredith BE Razeghi, M Brown, GJ Lewis, JS TI Sensors, Nano-Electronics and Photonics for the Army of 2030 and Beyond SO QUANTUM SENSING AND NANO ELECTRONICS AND PHOTONICS XIII SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Quantum Sensing and Nano Electronics and Photonics XIII CY FEB 14-18, 2016 CL San Francisco, CA SP SPIE DE sensors; nano-electronics; photonics; army applications; infrared (IR); soldier requirements AB The US Army's future operating concept will rely heavily on sensors, nano-electronics and photonics technologies to rapidly develop situational understanding in challenging and complex environments. Recent technology breakthroughs in integrated 3D multiscale semiconductor modeling (from atoms-to-sensors), combined with ARL's Open Campus business model for collaborative research provide a unique opportunity to accelerate the adoption of new technology for reduced size, weight, power, and cost of Army equipment. This paper presents recent research efforts on multi-scale modeling at the US Army Research Laboratory (ARL) and proposes the establishment of a modeling consortium or center for semiconductor materials modeling. ARL's proposed Center for Semiconductor Materials Modeling brings together government, academia, and industry in a collaborative fashion to continuously push semiconductor research forward for the mutual benefit of all Army partners. C1 [Perconti, Philip; Alberts, W. C. Kirkpatrick, II; Bajaj, Jagmohan; Schuster, Jonathan; Reed, Meredith] US Army Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Perconti, P (reprint author), US Army Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. OI Schuster, Jonathan/0000-0002-0835-5733 NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-62841-990-0 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9755 AR 975506 DI 10.1117/12.2217797 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BG4AA UT WOS:000388442500001 ER PT J AU McEnery, MAP Lu, SC Gupta, MK Zienkiewicz, KJ Wenke, JC Kalpakci, KN Shimko, DA Duvalla, CL Guelcher, SA AF McEnery, Madison A. P. Lu, Sichang Gupta, Mukesh K. Zienkiewicz, Katarzyna J. Wenke, Joseph C. Kalpakci, Kerem N. Shimko, Daniel A. Duvalla, Craig L. Guelcher, Scott A. TI Oxidatively degradable poly(thioketal urethane)/ceramic composite bone cements with bone-like strength SO RSC ADVANCES LA English DT Article ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; IN-VITRO; INJECTABLE POLYURETHANES; ORTHOPEDIC APPLICATIONS; SCAFFOLDS; BIOCOMPATIBILITY; BIODEGRADATION; INFLAMMATION; OXYGEN; SIZE AB Synthetic bone cements are commonly used in orthopaedic procedures to aid in bone regeneration following trauma or disease. Polymeric cements Like PMMA provide the mechanical strength necessary for orthopaedic applications, but they are not resorbable and do not integrate with host bone. Ceramic cements have a chemical composition similar to that of bone, but their brittle mechanical properties Limit their use in weight-bearing applications. In this study, we designed oxidatively degradable, polymeric bone cements with mechanical properties suitable for bone tissue engineering applications. We synthesized a novel thioketal (TK) diol which was crosslinked with a lysine triisocyanate (LTI) prepolymer to create hydrolytically stable poly(thioketal urethane)s (PTKUR) that degrade in the oxidative environment associated with bone defects. PTKUR films were hydrolytically stable for up to 6 months, but degraded rapidly (<1 week) under simulated oxidative conditions in vitro. When combined with ceramic micro- or nanoparticles, PTKUR cements exhibited working times comparable to calcium phosphate cements and strengths exceeding those of trabecular bone. PTKUR/ceramic composite cements supported appositional bone growth and integrated with host bone near the bone-cement interface at 6 and 12 weeks post-implantation in rabbit femoral condyle plug defects. Histological evidence of osteoclast-mediated resorption of the cements was observed at 6 and 12 weeks. These findings demonstrate that a PTKUR bone cement with bone-Like strength can be selectively resorbed by cells involved in bone remodeling, and thus represent an important initial step toward the development of resorbable bone cements for weight-bearing applications. C1 [McEnery, Madison A. P.; Gupta, Mukesh K.; Duvalla, Craig L.; Guelcher, Scott A.] Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Biomed Engn, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. [Lu, Sichang; Zienkiewicz, Katarzyna J.; Guelcher, Scott A.] Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, 221 Kirkland Hall, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. [Wenke, Joseph C.] US Army Inst Surg Res, San Antonio, TX USA. [Kalpakci, Kerem N.; Shimko, Daniel A.] Medtron Spinal & Biol, Memphis, TN USA. [Guelcher, Scott A.] Vanderbilt Univ, Med Ctr, Ctr Bone Biol, Nashville, TN 37232 USA. RP Guelcher, SA (reprint author), Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Biomed Engn, Nashville, TN 37235 USA.; Guelcher, SA (reprint author), Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, 221 Kirkland Hall, Nashville, TN 37235 USA.; Guelcher, SA (reprint author), Vanderbilt Univ, Med Ctr, Ctr Bone Biol, Nashville, TN 37232 USA. EM scott.guelcher@vanderbilt.edu FU National Institutes of Health [AR064304, EB019409]; National Science Foundation [1445197]; Medtronic Spinal and Biologics FX The authors acknowledge Dr Mike Larson and his team at IBEX Preclinical Research, Inc. for performing the rabbit surgeries and providing post-operative care. This research was supported in part by an appointment to the Student Research Participation Program at the U.S. Army Medical Research and Materiel Command administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an interagency agreement between the U.S. Department of Energy and USAMRMC. This work was also supported by the National Institutes of Health under award numbers AR064304 and EB019409 and the National Science Foundation Graduate Research Fellowship Program under Grant No. 1445197. The rabbit study was funded by Medtronic Spinal and Biologics. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Institutes of Health or the National Science Foundation. NR 44 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 2046-2069 J9 RSC ADV JI RSC Adv. PY 2016 VL 6 IS 111 BP 109414 EP 109424 DI 10.1039/c6ra24642g PG 11 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA EE1OD UT WOS:000389350700017 PM 27895899 ER PT S AU Gao, WC Nguyen, J Ku, D Zhang, HL Yu, W AF Gao, Weichao Nguyen, James Ku, Daniel Zhang, Hanlin Yu, Wei BE Lee, R TI Performance Evaluation of NETCONF Protocol in MANET Using Emulation SO SOFTWARE ENGINEERING RESEARCH, MANAGEMENT AND APPLICATIONS SE Studies in Computational Intelligence LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 14th International Conference on Software Engineering, Artificial Intelligence Research, Management and Applications (SERA) CY JUN 08-10, 2015 CL Towson Univ, Towson, MD HO Towson Univ DE NETCONF; YANG; MANET; Configuration management; Network management; Emulation AB The Mobile Ad-hoc Network (MANET) is an emerging infrastructure-free network constructed by self-organized mobile devices. In order to manage MANET, with its dynamic topology, several network management protocols have been proposed, and Network Configuration Protocol (NETCONF) is representative one. Nonetheless, the performance of these network management protocols on MANET remains unresolved. In this paper, we leverage the Common Open Research Emulator (CORE), a network emulation tool, to conduct the quantitative performance evaluation of NETCONF in an emulated MANET environment. We design a framework that captures the key characteristics of MANET (i.e., distance, mobility, and disruption), and develop subsequent emulation scenarios to perform the evaluation. Our experimental data illustrates how NETCONF performance is affected by each individual characteristic, and the results can serve as a guideline for deploying NETCONF in MANET. C1 [Gao, Weichao; Zhang, Hanlin; Yu, Wei] Towson Univ, Dept Comp & Informat Syst, Towson, MD 21252 USA. [Nguyen, James; Ku, Daniel] US Army, CECOM Communicat Elect Res, Dev & Engn Ctr CERDEC, Ft Sill, MD USA. RP Gao, WC (reprint author), Towson Univ, Dept Comp & Informat Syst, Towson, MD 21252 USA. EM wgao3@students.towson.edu; hzhang4@students.towson.edu; wyu@towson.edu NR 15 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 2 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 1860-949X BN 978-3-319-33903-0; 978-3-319-33902-3 J9 STUD COMPUT INTELL PY 2016 VL 654 BP 11 EP 32 DI 10.1007/978-3-319-33903-0_2 PG 22 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA BG5WZ UT WOS:000389800500002 ER PT S AU Rudin, S Ruppert, G Reed, ML Shur, M AF Rudin, S. Ruppert, G. Reed, M. L. Shur, M. BE Razeghi, M Baranov, AN Zavada, JM Pavlidis, D TI Plasmonic Response of Partially Gated Field Effect Transistors SO TERAHERTZ EMITTERS, RECEIVERS, AND APPLICATIONS VII SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Terahertz Emitters, Receivers, and Applications VII CY AUG 28-31, 2016 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE Detectors; Far infrared or terahertz; Plasmonics AB Electron density oscillations in the transistor channels - plasma waves in the two-dimensional electron gas - determine the high frequency device response. Plasmonic field effect transistors have emerged as very sensitive, tunable, and extremely fast detectors of THz radiation. They have been implemented using silicon (CMOS), AlGaAs/InGaAs HEMTs, and AlGaAs/InGaAs HEMTs, with the HEMTs shown to operate more efficiently at higher THz frequencies. These HEMTs have both gated and ungated sections of the device channel between the source and drain, and the photovoltaic regime of operation requires an asymmetric gate placement in the device channel. The interactions of the plasma waves in the gated and ungated channel regions strongly affect the overall response and have been investigated in numerous publications. This work addresses a new aspect of such interaction - the effect of the relative position of the gated and ungated section. We show this previously unexplored effect plays a dominant role in determining the response. The results of the numerical simulation based on the solution of the complete system of the hydrodynamic equations describing the electron fluid in the device channel show that the inverse response frequency could be approximated by the sum of the gated plasmon transit time in the gated section of the device, the ungated plasmon transit time in the ungated section of the device between the gate and the drain, and the RC gate-to-source constant. Here R and C are the resistance and capacitance of the gate to source section. Hence, the highest speed is achieved when the gate is as close to the source as possible. This suggests a novel plasmonic detector design, where the gate and source electrode overlap, which is shown to have a superior frequency response for the same distance between the source and the drain. C1 [Rudin, S.; Ruppert, G.; Reed, M. L.] Army Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. [Shur, M.] Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Troy, NY 12180 USA. RP Rudin, S (reprint author), Army Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0259-5; 978-1-5106-0260-1 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9934 AR 99340I DI 10.1117/12.2238036 PG 5 WC Optics SC Optics GA BG6DA UT WOS:000390020100010 ER PT S AU Shur, M Rudin, S Ruppert, G Muraviev, A AF Shur, M. Rudin, S. Ruppert, G. Muraviev, A. BE Razeghi, M Baranov, AN Zavada, JM Pavlidis, D TI Novel Ultrasensitive Plasmonic Detector of Terahertz Pulses Enhanced by Femtosecond Optical Pulses SO TERAHERTZ EMITTERS, RECEIVERS, AND APPLICATIONS VII SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Terahertz Emitters, Receivers, and Applications VII CY AUG 28-31, 2016 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE Detectors; Far infrared or terahertz; Plasmonics ID ELECTRIC-FIELD; SEMICONDUCTOR AB Plasmonic Field Effect Transistor detectors (first proposed in 1996) have emerged as superior room temperature terahertz (THz) detectors. Recent theoretical and experimental results showed that such detectors are capable of sub-picosecond resolution. Their sensitivity can be greatly enhanced by applying the DC drain-to-source current that increases the responsivity due to the enhanced non-linearity of the device but also adds 1/f noise. We now propose, and demonstrate a dramatic responsivity enhancement of these plasmonic THz pulse detectors by applying a femtosecond optical laser pulse superimposed on the THz pulse. The proposed physical mechanism links the enhanced detection to the superposition of the THz pulse field and the rectified optical field. A femtosecond pulse generates a large concentration of the electron-hole pairs shorting the drain and source contacts and, therefore, determining the moment of time when the THz induced charge starts discharging into the transmission line connecting the FET to an oscilloscope. This allows for scanning the THz pulse with the strongly enhanced sensitivity and/or for scanning the response waveform after the THz pulse is over. The experimental results obtained using AlGaAs/InGaAs deep submicron HEMTs are in good agreement with this mechanism. This new technique could find numerous imaging, sensing, and quality control applications. C1 [Shur, M.; Muraviev, A.] Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Troy, NY 12180 USA. [Rudin, S.; Ruppert, G.] Army Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Shur, M (reprint author), Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Troy, NY 12180 USA. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0259-5; 978-1-5106-0260-1 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9934 AR 99340G DI 10.1117/12.2238067 PG 7 WC Optics SC Optics GA BG6DA UT WOS:000390020100008 ER PT S AU Bouzi, PM Lou, JW Miller, GA Cranch, GA Fatemi, FK AF Bouzi, Pierre M. Lou, Janet W. Miller, Gary A. Cranch, Geoffrey A. Fatemi, Fredrik K. GP IEEE TI Characterization of Spin Polarization for Cesium Vapor Confined within Hollow Core Fibers SO 2016 IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium (IFCS) SE IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium (IFCS) CY MAY 09-12, 2016 CL New Orleans, LA SP IEEE, UFFC DE Spin relaxation; lifetime; Cesium; capillaries ID MAGNETOMETER; SENSITIVITY; LASER AB We have performed time-resolved measurements on cesium vapor to measure the dependence of the spin relaxation time on confinement area. Lifetime results obtained for cesium vapor trapped inside capillaries with diameters ranging from 75 mu m to 1.4 mm are up to 75% shorter than that obtained within a 4.5 cm chamber. C1 [Bouzi, Pierre M.] CNR, 500 Fifth St NW, Washington, DC 20001 USA. [Lou, Janet W.; Miller, Gary A.; Cranch, Geoffrey A.] Naval Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Fatemi, Fredrik K.] US Army, Res Lab, Electroopt & Photon Div, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Bouzi, PM (reprint author), CNR, 500 Fifth St NW, Washington, DC 20001 USA. EM pierre.bouzi.ctr@nrl.navy.mil NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1075-6787 BN 978-1-5090-2091-1 J9 P IEEE INT FREQ CONT PY 2016 BP 181 EP 182 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Physics; Telecommunications GA BG4WK UT WOS:000389204500046 ER PT S AU Rudy, RQ Pulskamp, JS Bedair, SS Puder, JM Polcawich, RG AF Rudy, Ryan Q. Pulskamp, Jeffrey S. Bedair, Sarah S. Puder, Jonathan M. Polcawich, Ronald G. GP IEEE TI Piezoelectric Disk Flexure Resonator with 1 dB Loss SO 2016 IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium (IFCS) SE IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium (IFCS) CY MAY 09-12, 2016 CL New Orleans, LA SP IEEE, UFFC DE Resonator; filter; flexure; PZT; MEMS AB Disk-flexure PZT-on-silicon resonators exhibited peak |S21| of 1 dB with insertion loss of 0.92 dB. Ferroelectric tuning of bandwidth (> 50%), and coupling(> 35%), are demonstrated with an insertion loss penalty of 0.6 dB. Power handling measurements showed less than 1 dB compression up to the +15 dBm limit of the network analyzer. The disk-flexure resonator was monolithically integrated with length extension resonators, allowing for varied coupling and quality factor with similar insertion loss, and figure of merit in the same wafer. C1 [Rudy, Ryan Q.; Pulskamp, Jeffrey S.; Bedair, Sarah S.; Polcawich, Ronald G.] US Army, Res Lab, Sensors & Electron Devices Directorate, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. [Puder, Jonathan M.] Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Oak Ridge, TN USA. [Puder, Jonathan M.] Cornell Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Ithaca, NY USA. RP Rudy, RQ (reprint author), US Army, Res Lab, Sensors & Electron Devices Directorate, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1075-6787 BN 978-1-5090-2091-1 J9 P IEEE INT FREQ CONT PY 2016 BP 302 EP 305 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Physics; Telecommunications GA BG4WK UT WOS:000389204500076 ER PT S AU Pulskamp, JS Rudy, RQ Bedair, SS Puder, JM Breen, MG Polawich, RG AF Pulskamp, Jeffrey S. Rudy, Ryan Q. Bedair, Sarah S. Puder, Jonathan M. Breen, Michael G. Polawich, Roland G. GP IEEE TI Ferreoelectric PZT MEMS HF/VHF Resonators/Filters SO 2016 IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium (IFCS) SE IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium (IFCS) CY MAY 09-12, 2016 CL New Orleans, LA SP IEEE, UFFC DE Resonators; filters; PZT; piezoelectric; MEMS AB This paper presents an overview of lead-Ziroconate-Titanate (PZT) and PZT-on-silicon MEMS resonators and filter technology at HF and low-VHF frequencies; highlighting the capability for bandwidth tuning, high coupling, high Q, and low-loss filter performance without external impendance matching. C1 [Pulskamp, Jeffrey S.; Rudy, Ryan Q.; Bedair, Sarah S.; Puder, Jonathan M.; Breen, Michael G.; Polawich, Roland G.] US Army, Res Lab, Sensors & Electron Devices Directorate, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Pulskamp, JS (reprint author), US Army, Res Lab, Sensors & Electron Devices Directorate, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1075-6787 BN 978-1-5090-2091-1 J9 P IEEE INT FREQ CONT PY 2016 BP 306 EP 309 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Physics; Telecommunications GA BG4WK UT WOS:000389204500077 ER PT S AU Cahill, JP Zhou, WM Menyuk, CR AF Cahill, James P. Zhou, Weimin Menyuk, Curtis R. GP IEEE TI Self-Delay-Line-Referenced Optical Frequency Comb for Low-Phase Noise Microwave Generation SO 2016 IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium (IFCS) SE IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium (IFCS) CY MAY 09-12, 2016 CL New Orleans, LA SP IEEE, UFFC DE Low phase noise; Microwave frequency generation; Mode-locked lasers AB We stabilized the repetition rate of a mode-locked laser (MLL) to a fiber-optic delay-line in order to generate a lowphase-noise microwave signal at 10 GHz. We designed a circuit to directly cancel the contribution of the MLL's carrierenvelope-offset (CEO-) noise to the stabilization feedback signal. The sensitivity of our feedback method is enhanced by the ratio of the optical frequency to the output microwave frequency. Because we are using a fiber-optic delay-line, we do not require an ultra-stable Fabry-Perot etalon or other reference cavity. The current results are a proof of principle; we expect this method to generate a lower-phase-noise microwave than previously reported fiber-optic-delay-line-stabilized MLLs when tested under the same conditions. C1 [Cahill, James P.; Zhou, Weimin] US Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. [Menyuk, Curtis R.] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Dept Comp Sci & Elect Engn, Baltimore, MD 21228 USA. RP Cahill, JP (reprint author), US Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM james.p.cahill15.civ@mail.mil NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1075-6787 BN 978-1-5090-2091-1 J9 P IEEE INT FREQ CONT PY 2016 BP 486 EP 488 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Physics; Telecommunications GA BG4WK UT WOS:000389204500124 ER PT S AU Zheng, XQ Sanchez, LM Pulskamp, JS Polcawich, RG Feng, PXL AF Zheng, Xu-Qian Sanchez, Luz M. Pulskamp, Jeffrey S. Polcawich, Ronald G. Feng, Philip X. -L. GP IEEE TI Characterization of Thin Film Lead Zirconate Titanate (PZT) Multimode Piezoelectric Cantilevers Vibrating in Ultrasonic Band SO 2016 IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium (IFCS) SE IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Frequency Control Symposium (IFCS) CY MAY 09-12, 2016 CL New Orleans, LA SP IEEE, UFFC DE piezoelectricity; cantilever; lead zirconate titanate (PZT); MEMS; thin film; piezoelectric effect; energy conversion AB We report on characterization of microsale lead zirconate titanate (PZT) thin film cantilevers, by both optical and electrical measurements, for up to the 7th resonance mode in 2kHz to 2MHz frequency range, with quality (Q) factors between 380 and 600. We also calibrate the PZT thin film's inverse piezoelectric coefficient (e(31) approximate to -5C/m(2)). This work presents a multiphysical characterization of important material and device properties of microscale PZT cantilevers for enabling piezoelectric MEMS sensors and resonant piezoelectric transducers, which hold promises for multiphysics sensing, on-chip energy scavenging, and wireless power transmission. C1 [Zheng, Xu-Qian; Feng, Philip X. -L.] Case Western Reserve Univ, Case Sch Engn, Elect Engn, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. [Sanchez, Luz M.; Pulskamp, Jeffrey S.; Polcawich, Ronald G.] US Army Res Lab, RF MEMS & Mm Scale Robot, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Zheng, XQ (reprint author), Case Western Reserve Univ, Case Sch Engn, Elect Engn, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. EM xuqian.zheng@case.edu; philip.feng@case.edu NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1075-6787 BN 978-1-5090-2091-1 J9 P IEEE INT FREQ CONT PY 2016 BP 564 EP 566 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Physics; Telecommunications GA BG4WK UT WOS:000389204500143 ER PT J AU Riojas, CM Dodge, A Gallo, DR White, PW AF Riojas, Christina M. Dodge, Angela Gallo, Dominic R. White, Paul W. TI Aortic Dissection as a Cause of Pulsus Bisferiens: A Case Report and Review SO ANNALS OF VASCULAR SURGERY LA English DT Article ID ENDOVASCULAR REPAIR; SUBAORTIC STENOSIS; FALSE LUMEN; MALPERFUSION; DIAGNOSIS AB We present a case of a 62-year-old woman who developed an aortic dissection after aortic valve replacement for aortic stenosis and supracoronary replacement of the ascending aorta for aneurysmal dilation. Dynamic compression of the distal aorta by the dissection flap was identified with the detection of abnormal continuous wave Doppler signals heard while performing ankle-brachial indices. Duplex ultrasound (US) and Doppler spectral waveforms confirmed dynamic compression of the distal aorta with each cardiac cycle. We review some of the characteristics of continuous wave Doppler signals, specifically discussing the distinguishing characteristics of pulsus bisferiens, and the use of duplex US in imaging the distal aorta. C1 [Riojas, Christina M.; Dodge, Angela; Gallo, Dominic R.] Dwight D Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, 300 Hosp Rd, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. [White, Paul W.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Surg, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [White, Paul W.] Walter Reed Natl Mil Med Ctr, Bethesda, MD USA. RP Riojas, CM (reprint author), Dwight D Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, 300 Hosp Rd, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. EM riojascm@gmail.com NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0890-5096 EI 1615-5947 J9 ANN VASC SURG JI Ann. Vasc. Surg. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 30 AR 305.e1 DI 10.1016/j.avsg.2015.07.026 PG 5 WC Surgery; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Surgery; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA EE5ST UT WOS:000389668700001 PM 26520426 ER PT J AU Dawsey, SP Gregory, JA Brown, AW Jones, FJ AF Dawsey, Sonja P. Gregory, Jason A. Brown, Alexander W. Jones, Frances J. TI Asymptomatic Multiple Lymphomatous Polyposis Identified during Staging Bidirectional Endoscopy of Mantle Cell Lymphoma SO Case Reports in Oncology LA English DT Article DE Multiple lymphomatous polyposis; Mantle cell lymphoma; Gastrointestinal neoplasms; Endoscopy; Leptomeningeal ID GASTROINTESTINAL-TRACT AB Multiple lymphomatous polyposis (MLP) as an extranodal manifestation of mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) in the gastrointestinal tract is rare and not often reported in the literature. We describe the case of a 63-year-old female with asymptomatic MLP found during staging bidirectional endoscopy of MCL. The patient presented only with dyspnea, but was found on physical exam to have diffuse lymphadenopathy, and subsequent positron emission tomography (PET) CT showed extensive lymph node adenopathy consistent with lymphoma. Excisional lymph node biopsy revealed high-risk MCL. Prior to therapy, staging bidirectional endoscopy was performed, which revealed duodenal bulb polyps and diffuse polyposis in the colon. Biopsies showed atypical lymphoid infiltrate identical to the initial excisional lymph node biopsy. The patient underwent aggressive induction therapy, chemotherapy and bone marrow transplantation. Four months later, repeat colonoscopy and biopsies showed normal mucosa, and repeat PET CT showed no evidence of systemic disease. Eight months later, the patient began having symptoms consistent with cauda equina syndrome, and she was found to have leptomeningeal recurrence of MCL. In spite of other medical treatment, the patient's MCL progressed and she passed away 3 years after the initial presentation. (C) 2016 The Author(s) Published by S. Karger AG, Basel C1 [Dawsey, Sonja P.] Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Internal Med, San Antonio, TX USA. [Gregory, Jason A.] Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, San Antonio, TX USA. [Brown, Alexander W.] Brooke Army Med Ctr, Div Hematol & Oncol, San Antonio, TX USA. [Jones, Frances J.] Brooke Army Med Ctr, Div Gastroenterol, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Dawsey, SP (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, 3551 Roger Brooke Dr, San Antonio, TX 78219 USA. EM sonja.p.dawsey.mil@mail.mil NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA ALLSCHWILERSTRASSE 10, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1662-6575 J9 CASE REP ONCOL JI Case Rep. Oncol. PY 2016 VL 9 IS 3 BP 661 EP 665 DI 10.1159/000450596 PG 5 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA ED8QD UT WOS:000389135100022 PM 27920699 ER PT J AU Liu, P Wang, C AF Liu, Peng Wang, Cliff GP ACM TI MTD 2016: Third ACM Workshop on Moving Target Defense SO CCS'16: PROCEEDINGS OF THE 2016 ACM SIGSAC CONFERENCE ON COMPUTER AND COMMUNICATIONS SECURITY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 23rd ACM Conference on Computer and Communications Security (CCS) CY OCT 24-28, 2016 CL Vienna, AUSTRIA SP Assoc Comp Machinery, ACM Special Interest Grp Secur Audit & Control DE Moving Target Defense; Cybersecurity AB The 2016 MTD (Moving Target Defense) workshop seeks to bring together researchers from academia, government, and industry to report on the latest research efforts on moving-target defense, and to have productive discussion and constructive debate on this topic. It is a single day workshop co-located with ACM CCS (Conference on Computer and Communications Security) 2016. C1 [Liu, Peng] Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Wang, Cliff] US Army, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Liu, P (reprint author), Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM pliu@ist.psu.edu; cliff.x.wang.civ@mail.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU ASSOC COMPUTING MACHINERY PI NEW YORK PA 1515 BROADWAY, NEW YORK, NY 10036-9998 USA BN 978-1-4503-4139-4 PY 2016 BP 1868 EP 1868 DI 10.1145/2976749.2990483 PG 1 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Telecommunications GA BG2ZW UT WOS:000387820900117 ER PT S AU Bency, AJ Kwon, H Lee, H Karthikeyan, S Manjunath, BS AF Bency, Archith John Kwon, Heesung Lee, Hyungtae Karthikeyan, S. Manjunath, B. S. BE Leibe, B Matas, J Sebe, N Welling, M TI Weakly Supervised Localization Using Deep Feature Maps SO COMPUTER VISION - ECCV 2016, PT I SE Lecture Notes in Computer Science LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 14th European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV) CY OCT 08-16, 2016 CL Amsterdam, NETHERLANDS DE Weakly supervised methods; Object localization; Deep convolutional networks ID OBJECT LOCALIZATION AB Object localization is an important computer vision problem with a variety of applications. The lack of large scale object-level annotations and the relative abundance of image-level labels makes a compelling case for weak supervision in the object localization task. Deep Convolutional Neural Networks are a class of state-of-the-art methods for the related problem of object recognition. In this paper, we describe a novel object localization algorithm which uses classification networks trained on only image labels. This weakly supervised method leverages local spatial and semantic patterns captured in the convolutional layers of classification networks. We propose an efficient beam search based approach to detect and localize multiple objects in images. The proposed method significantly outperforms the state-of-the-art in standard object localization data-sets. C1 [Bency, Archith John; Karthikeyan, S.; Manjunath, B. S.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Kwon, Heesung; Lee, Hyungtae] Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD USA. [Lee, Hyungtae] Booz Allen Hamilton Inc, Mclean, VA USA. RP Bency, AJ (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. EM archith@ece.ucsb.edu; heesung.kwon.civ@mail.mil; htlee@umiacs.umd.edu; karthikeyan@ece.ucsb.edu; manj@ece.ucsb.edu NR 52 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPRINGER INT PUBLISHING AG PI CHAM PA GEWERBESTRASSE 11, CHAM, CH-6330, SWITZERLAND SN 0302-9743 BN 978-3-319-46448-0; 978-3-319-46447-3 J9 LECT NOTES COMPUT SC PY 2016 VL 9905 BP 714 EP 731 DI 10.1007/978-3-319-46448-0_43 PG 18 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Computer Science; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BG5DE UT WOS:000389382700043 ER PT S AU Barnes, MJ Chen, JYC Wright, JL Stowers, K AF Barnes, Michael J. Chen, Jessie Y. C. Wright, Julia L. Stowers, Kimberly BE Harris, D TI Human-Agent Teaming for Effective Multirobot Management: Effects of Agent Transparency SO Engineering Psychology and Cognitive Ergonomics, (EPCE 2016) SE Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 13th International Conference on Engineering Psychology and Cognitive Ergonomics (EPCE) held as part of 18th International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction (HCI International) CY JUL 17-22, 2016 CL Toronto, CANADA DE Intelligent agents; Transparency; Patterns of human-agent interaction; Human factors; Supervisory control ID SUPERVISORY CONTROL; MULTIPLE ROBOTS; AUTOMATION AB The U.S. Army Research Laboratory is engaged in a multi-year program focusing on the human role in supervising autonomous vehicles. We discuss this research with regard to patterns of human/intelligent agent (IA) interrelationships, and explore the dynamics of these patterns in terms of supervising multiple autonomous vehicles. The first design pattern focuses on a human operator controlling multiple autonomous vehicles via a single IA. The second design pattern involves multiple intelligent systems including (a) human operator, (b) IA-asset manager, (c) IA-planning manager, (d) IA-mission monitor, and (e) multiple autonomous vehicles. Both scenarios require a single operator to control multiple heterogeneous autonomous vehicles, and yet the complexity of both the mission variables and the relations among the autonomous vehicles makes efficient operations by a single operator difficult at best. Key findings of two recent research programs are summarized with an emphasis on their implications for developing future systems with similar design patterns. Our conclusions stress the importance of operator situation awareness, not only of the immediate environment, but also of the IA's intent, reasoning and predicted outcomes. C1 [Barnes, Michael J.; Chen, Jessie Y. C.; Wright, Julia L.] US Army Res Lab, Aberdeen, MD 21005 USA. [Stowers, Kimberly] Univ Cent Florida, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. RP Chen, JYC (reprint author), US Army Res Lab, Aberdeen, MD 21005 USA. EM michael.j.barnes.civ@mail.mil; yun-sheng.c.chen.civ@mail.mil; julia.l.wright8.civ@mail.mil; kstowers@ist.ucf.edu NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU SPRINGER INT PUBLISHING AG PI CHAM PA GEWERBESTRASSE 11, CHAM, CH-6330, SWITZERLAND SN 0302-9743 BN 978-3-319-40030-3; 978-3-319-40029-7 J9 LECT NOTES ARTIF INT PY 2016 VL 9736 BP 169 EP 178 DI 10.1007/978-3-319-40030-3_18 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Cybernetics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Ergonomics SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BG5DR UT WOS:000389412900018 ER PT S AU Brawner, K Goodwin, G Sottilare, R AF Brawner, Keith Goodwin, Greg Sottilare, Robert BE Schmorrow, DD Fidopiastis, CM TI Agent-Based Practices for an Intelligent Tutoring System Architecture SO Foundations of Augmented Cognition: Neuroergonomics and Operational Neuroscience, Pt II SE Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 10th International Conference on Foundations of Augmented Cognition (AC) held as part of 18th International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction (HIC International) CY JUL 17-22, 2016 CL Toronto, CANADA DE Intelligent tutorins systems; Agent based systems; eLearning; mLearning; Software-as-a-service AB The Generalized Intelligent Framework for Tutoring (GIFT) project is partially an effort to standardize the systems and processes of intelligent tutoring systems. In addition to these efforts, there is emerging research in agent-driven systems. Agent-based systems obey software and messaging communication protocols and accomplish objectives to the original system, but have different architectural structure. This paper describes the upcoming research changes for GIFT, from a module-driven system to an agent-driven system, the reasons for wanting to do so, the advantages of the change, some initial technical approaches which encapsulate current functionality, and the types of research that this change will enable in the future. C1 [Brawner, Keith; Goodwin, Greg; Sottilare, Robert] Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Brawner, K (reprint author), Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM keith.w.brawner.civ@mail.mil; gregory.a.goodwin6.civ@mail.mil; robert.a.sottilare.civ@mail.mil NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0302-9743 BN 978-3-319-39952-2; 978-3-319-39951-5 J9 LECT NOTES ARTIF INT PY 2016 VL 9744 BP 3 EP 12 DI 10.1007/978-3-319-39952-2_1 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Cybernetics; Ergonomics; Neurosciences; Psychology, Experimental SC Computer Science; Engineering; Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychology GA BG5DP UT WOS:000389409800001 ER PT S AU Goldberg, B AF Goldberg, Benjamin BE Schmorrow, DD Fidopiastis, CM TI Intelligent Tutoring Gets Physical: Coaching the Physical Learner by Modeling the Physical World SO Foundations of Augmented Cognition: Neuroergonomics and Operational Neuroscience, Pt II SE Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 10th International Conference on Foundations of Augmented Cognition (AC) held as part of 18th International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction (HIC International) CY JUL 17-22, 2016 CL Toronto, CANADA DE Intelligent tutoring systems; Physical modeling; Psychomotor; Wearable sensors AB Extending the application of intelligent tutoring beyond the desktop and into the physical world is a sought after capability. If implemented correctly, Artificial Intelligence (AI) tools and methods can be applied to support personalized and adaptive on-the-job training experiences as well as assist in the development of knowledge, skills and abilities (KSAs) across athletics and psychomotor domain spaces. While intelligent tutoring in a physical world is not a traditional application of such technologies, it still operates in much the same fashion as all Intelligent Tutoring Systems (ITS) in existence. It takes raw system interaction data and applies modeling techniques to infer performance and competency while a learner executes tasks within a scenario or defined problem set. While a traditional ITS observes learner interaction and performance to infer cognitive understanding of a concept and procedure, a physical ITS will observe interaction and performance to infer additional components of behavioral understanding and technique. A question the authors address in this paper is how physical interactions can be captured in an ITS friendly format and what technologies currently exist to monitor learner physiological signals and free-form behaviors? Answering the question involves a breakdown of the current state-of-the-art across technologies spanning wearable sensors, computer vision, and motion tracking that can be applied to model physical world components. The breakdown will include the pros and cons of each technology, an example of a domain model the data provided can inform, and the implications the derived models have on pedagogical decisions for coaching and reflection. C1 [Goldberg, Benjamin] US Army Res Lab, Human Res & Engn Directorate, Orlando, FL 32826 USA. RP Goldberg, B (reprint author), US Army Res Lab, Human Res & Engn Directorate, Orlando, FL 32826 USA. EM benjamin.s.goldberg.civ@mail.mil NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0302-9743 BN 978-3-319-39952-2; 978-3-319-39951-5 J9 LECT NOTES ARTIF INT PY 2016 VL 9744 BP 13 EP 22 DI 10.1007/978-3-319-39952-2_2 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Cybernetics; Ergonomics; Neurosciences; Psychology, Experimental SC Computer Science; Engineering; Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychology GA BG5DP UT WOS:000389409800002 ER PT S AU Maxwell, D Stevens, J Maraj, C AF Maxwell, Douglas Stevens, Jonathan Maraj, Crystal BE Schmorrow, DD Fidopiastis, CM TI Alternate Rubric for Performance Assessment of Infantry Soldier Skills Training SO Foundations of Augmented Cognition: Neuroergonomics and Operational Neuroscience, Pt II SE Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 10th International Conference on Foundations of Augmented Cognition (AC) held as part of 18th International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction (HIC International) CY JUL 17-22, 2016 CL Toronto, CANADA DE Simulation based training; Infantry soldier training; Rubric; Return on investment AB Gauging the impact of simulation-based training (SBT) technology has been straightforward in the past when applied to domains such as pilot training and ground vehicle operator training. In the dismounted infantry soldier skills domain, the low hanging fruit for effective use of (SBT) are weapons and equipment operations training. However, the complexities of the operational environment are often too difficult to replicate in current virtual environments to represent an accurate or effective training for the skills requiring identification of enemy activity or reacting to enemy contact. This paper discusses the need for an alternate method of performance assessment when comparing traditional training means to SBT. C1 [Maxwell, Douglas] US Army Res Lab, Orlando, FL 32826 USA. [Stevens, Jonathan; Maraj, Crystal] Univ Cent Florida, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. RP Maxwell, D (reprint author), US Army Res Lab, Orlando, FL 32826 USA. EM douglas.maxwell3.civ@mail.mil; jonathan.stevens@knights.ucf.edu; cmaraj@ist.ucf.edu NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0302-9743 BN 978-3-319-39952-2; 978-3-319-39951-5 J9 LECT NOTES ARTIF INT PY 2016 VL 9744 BP 34 EP 45 DI 10.1007/978-3-319-39952-2_4 PG 12 WC Computer Science, Cybernetics; Ergonomics; Neurosciences; Psychology, Experimental SC Computer Science; Engineering; Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychology GA BG5DP UT WOS:000389409800004 ER PT S AU Ososky, S AF Ososky, Scott BE Schmorrow, DD Fidopiastis, CM TI Practical Requirements for ITS Authoring Tools from a User Experience Perspective SO Foundations of Augmented Cognition: Neuroergonomics and Operational Neuroscience, Pt II SE Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 10th International Conference on Foundations of Augmented Cognition (AC) held as part of 18th International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction (HIC International) CY JUL 17-22, 2016 CL Toronto, CANADA DE Intelligent tutoring systems; Adaptive tutoring; Authoring tools; User-centered design; User experience; Mental models; Design research AB Intelligent Tutoring Systems (ITS) are not yet widely implemented in learning, despite the general prevalence of digital resources in educational and training environments. ITS have been demonstrated to be effective for learners, but ITS development is not yet efficient for authors. Creating an ITS requires time, resources, and multidisciplinary skills. Authoring tools are intended to reduce the time and skill required to create an ITS, but the current state of those tools is categorized as a series of design tradeoffs between functionality, generalizability, and usability. In practice, the former two factors matter little if potential authors disregard the ITS in favor of other solutions. In this sense, authors, not learners, are the primary users of an ITS; the user experience of authors is critical to greater ITS adoption at an organizational level. With those challenges in mind, ongoing work and lessons learned on the design of authoring tools are described for a specific ITS platform, the Generalized Framework for Intelligent Tutoring (GIFT). User-centered design considerations are examined through the lens of authors' goals, mental models for authoring, and the definition of authoring sub-roles. Recommendations for authoring tool design and future research directions for design research in authoring tools are discussed. C1 [Ososky, Scott] US Army Res Lab ARL, Orlando, FL 32826 USA. RP Ososky, S (reprint author), US Army Res Lab ARL, Orlando, FL 32826 USA. EM Scott.J.Ososky.ctr@mail.mil NR 27 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0302-9743 BN 978-3-319-39952-2; 978-3-319-39951-5 J9 LECT NOTES ARTIF INT PY 2016 VL 9744 BP 55 EP 66 DI 10.1007/978-3-319-39952-2_6 PG 12 WC Computer Science, Cybernetics; Ergonomics; Neurosciences; Psychology, Experimental SC Computer Science; Engineering; Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychology GA BG5DP UT WOS:000389409800006 ER PT S AU Sinatra, AM AF Sinatra, Anne M. BE Schmorrow, DD Fidopiastis, CM TI Considerations for Immersive Learning in Intelligent Tutoring Systems SO Foundations of Augmented Cognition: Neuroergonomics and Operational Neuroscience, Pt II SE Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 10th International Conference on Foundations of Augmented Cognition (AC) held as part of 18th International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction (HIC International) CY JUL 17-22, 2016 CL Toronto, CANADA DE Immersion; Intelligent tutoring systems; Generalized Intelligent Framework for Tutoring; Presence ID PRESENCE QUESTIONNAIRE; ENVIRONMENTS; SCIENCE; MEDIA AB Research has examined the benefits and retractors of immersing the learner in an environment. Immersive computer-based training environments are costly to construct and may not always lead to significant learning or transfer benefits over other methods. The current paper presents a brief review of presence and immersion research in computer-based learning and adaptive tutoring. The Generalized Intelligent Framework for Tutoring (GIFT) is an open source domain-independent framework for creating intelligent tutoring systems (ITS). GIFT offers flexibility, and can be interfaced with training applications ranging from highly immersive computer-based learning environments (e.g., TC3Sim, VBS2) to less immersive mediums such as PowerPoint. The capabilities of GIFT that can be used to create immersive adaptive tutoring are discussed. Additionally, the use of GIFT to run and generate experimental studies to examine the impact of immersion is highlighted. Finally, recommendations are given on how to provide more opportunities to integrate immersive environments into GIFT. C1 [Sinatra, Anne M.] US Army Res Lab, Orlando, FL 32826 USA. RP Sinatra, AM (reprint author), US Army Res Lab, Orlando, FL 32826 USA. EM anne.m.sinatra.civ@mail.mil NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0302-9743 BN 978-3-319-39952-2; 978-3-319-39951-5 J9 LECT NOTES ARTIF INT PY 2016 VL 9744 BP 76 EP 84 DI 10.1007/978-3-319-39952-2_8 PG 9 WC Computer Science, Cybernetics; Ergonomics; Neurosciences; Psychology, Experimental SC Computer Science; Engineering; Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychology GA BG5DP UT WOS:000389409800008 ER PT S AU Sottilare, RA Boyce, MW AF Sottilare, Robert A. Boyce, Michael W. BE Schmorrow, DD Fidopiastis, CM TI Elements of Adaptive Instruction for Training and Education SO Foundations of Augmented Cognition: Neuroergonomics and Operational Neuroscience, Pt II SE Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 10th International Conference on Foundations of Augmented Cognition (AC) held as part of 18th International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction (HIC International) CY JUL 17-22, 2016 CL Toronto, CANADA DE Adaptive instruction; Intelligent tutoring systems; Learner modeling; Domain modeling; Authoring tools; Learning effect AB This paper discusses critical elements of adaptive instruction in support of training and education. Modeling and assessing learners and teams, optimizing adaptive instructional methods, applying domain modeling outside of traditional training and educational domains, automating authoring processes, and assessing the learning effect of instruction are among the challenges reviewed. C1 [Sottilare, Robert A.; Boyce, Michael W.] US Army Res Lab, Orlando, FL 32826 USA. RP Boyce, MW (reprint author), US Army Res Lab, Orlando, FL 32826 USA. EM Robert.A.Sottilare.civ@mail.mil; Michael.W.Boyce.ctr@mail.mil NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0302-9743 BN 978-3-319-39952-2; 978-3-319-39951-5 J9 LECT NOTES ARTIF INT PY 2016 VL 9744 BP 85 EP 89 DI 10.1007/978-3-319-39952-2_9 PG 5 WC Computer Science, Cybernetics; Ergonomics; Neurosciences; Psychology, Experimental SC Computer Science; Engineering; Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychology GA BG5DP UT WOS:000389409800009 ER PT S AU Sottilare, RA AF Sottilare, Robert A. BE Schmorrow, DD Fidopiastis, CM TI Adaptive Instruction for Individual Learners Within the Generalized Intelligent Framework for Tutoring (GIFT) SO Foundations of Augmented Cognition: Neuroergonomics and Operational Neuroscience, Pt II SE Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 10th International Conference on Foundations of Augmented Cognition (AC) held as part of 18th International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction (HIC International) CY JUL 17-22, 2016 CL Toronto, CANADA DE Adaptive instruction; Intelligent tutoring systems; Learning effect model AB This paper discusses tools and methods which are needed to support adaptive instruction for individual learners within the Generalized Intelligent Framework for Tutoring (GIFT), an open source architecture for authoring, adapting instruction, and evaluating intelligent tutoring systems. Specifically, this paper reviews the learning effect model (LEM) which drives adaptive instruction within GIFT-based tutors. The original LEM was developed in 2012 and has been enhanced over time to represent a full range of function encompassing both the learner's and the tutor's interactions and decisions. This paper proposes a set of 10 functions to enhance the scope and functionality of the LEM and to extend it to be a career-long model of adaptive instruction and competency. C1 [Sottilare, Robert A.] US Army Res Lab, Orlando, FL 32826 USA. RP Sottilare, RA (reprint author), US Army Res Lab, Orlando, FL 32826 USA. EM Robert.A.Sottilare.civ@mail.mil NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0302-9743 BN 978-3-319-39952-2; 978-3-319-39951-5 J9 LECT NOTES ARTIF INT PY 2016 VL 9744 BP 90 EP 96 DI 10.1007/978-3-319-39952-2_10 PG 7 WC Computer Science, Cybernetics; Ergonomics; Neurosciences; Psychology, Experimental SC Computer Science; Engineering; Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychology GA BG5DP UT WOS:000389409800010 ER PT S AU Drnec, K Metcalfe, JS AF Drnec, Kim Metcalfe, Jason S. BE Schmorrow, DD Fidopiastis, CM TI Paradigm Development for Identifying and Validating Indicators of Trust in Automation in the Operational Environment of Human Automation Integration SO Foundations of Augmented Cognition: Neuroergonomics and Operational Neuroscience, Pt II SE Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 10th International Conference on Foundations of Augmented Cognition (AC) held as part of 18th International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction (HIC International) CY JUL 17-22, 2016 CL Toronto, CANADA DE Trust in automation; Operational paradigm; Driving automation; Human automation integrated systems ID ALLOCATION AB Calibrated trust in an automation is a key factor supporting full integration of the human user into human automation integrated systems. True integration is a requirement if system performance is to meet expectations. Trust in automation (TiA) has been studied using surveys, but thus far no valid, objective indicators of TiA exist. Further, these studies have been conducted in tightly controlled laboratory environments and therefore do not necessarily translate into real world applications that might improve joint system performance. Through a literature review, constraints on an operational paradigm aimed at developing indicators of TiA were established. Our goal in this paper was to develop an operational paradigm designed to develop valid TiA indicators using methods from human factors and cognitive neuroscience. The operational environment chosen was driving automation because most adults are familiar with the task and its consequent structure and therefore required little training. Initial behavioral and survey data confirm that the design constraints were met. We therefore believe that our paradigm provides a valid means of performing operational experiments aimed at further understanding TiA and its psychophysiological underpinnings. C1 [Drnec, Kim; Metcalfe, Jason S.] Army Res Lab, Aberdeen, MD USA. RP Drnec, K (reprint author), Army Res Lab, Aberdeen, MD USA. EM kim.a.drnec2.ctr@mail.mil NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0302-9743 BN 978-3-319-39952-2; 978-3-319-39951-5 J9 LECT NOTES ARTIF INT PY 2016 VL 9744 BP 157 EP 167 DI 10.1007/978-3-319-39952-2_16 PG 11 WC Computer Science, Cybernetics; Ergonomics; Neurosciences; Psychology, Experimental SC Computer Science; Engineering; Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychology GA BG5DP UT WOS:000389409800016 ER PT S AU Lakhmani, S Abich, J IV Barber, D Chen, J AF Lakhmani, Shan Abich, Julian, IV Barber, Daniel Chen, Jessie BE Schmorrow, DD Fidopiastis, CM TI A Proposed Approach for Determining the Influence of Multimodal Robot-of-Human Transparency Information on Human-Agent Teams SO Foundations of Augmented Cognition: Neuroergonomics and Operational Neuroscience, Pt II SE Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 10th International Conference on Foundations of Augmented Cognition (AC) held as part of 18th International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction (HIC International) CY JUL 17-22, 2016 CL Toronto, CANADA DE Multimodal communication; Human-robot interaction; Transparency; Human agent teaming ID LEARNING ENVIRONMENTS; MENTAL WORKLOAD; ISSUES; AUTOMATION; SYSTEMS; FUTURE; TRUST; MODEL AB Autonomous agents, both software and robotic, are becoming increasingly common. They are being used to supplement human operators in accomplishing complex tasks, often acting as collaborators or teammates. Agents can be designed to keep their human operators ` in the loop' by reporting information concerning their internal decision making process. This transparency can be expressed in a number of ways, including the communication of the human and agent's respective responsibilities. Agents can communicate information supporting transparency to human operators using visual, auditory, or a combination of both modalities. Based on this information, we suggest an approach to exploring the utility of the teamwork model of transparency. We propose some considerations for future research into feedback supporting teamwork transparency, including multimodal communication methods, human-like feedback, and the use of multiple forms of automation transparency. C1 [Lakhmani, Shan; Abich, Julian, IV; Barber, Daniel] Univ Cent Florida, Inst Simulat & Training, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. [Chen, Jessie] US Army Res Lab, Orlando, FL USA. RP Lakhmani, S (reprint author), Univ Cent Florida, Inst Simulat & Training, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. EM slakhman@ist.ucf.edu; jabich@ist.ucf.edu; dbarber@ist.ucf.edu; jessie.chen@us.army.mil NR 54 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0302-9743 BN 978-3-319-39952-2; 978-3-319-39951-5 J9 LECT NOTES ARTIF INT PY 2016 VL 9744 BP 296 EP 307 DI 10.1007/978-3-319-39952-2_29 PG 12 WC Computer Science, Cybernetics; Ergonomics; Neurosciences; Psychology, Experimental SC Computer Science; Engineering; Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychology GA BG5DP UT WOS:000389409800029 ER PT S AU Napier, S Best, C Patton, D Hodges, G AF Napier, Samantha Best, Christopher Patton, Debra Hodges, Glenn BE Schmorrow, DD Fidopiastis, CM TI Using an Augmented Training Event to Collect Data for Future Modeling Purposes SO Foundations of Augmented Cognition: Neuroergonomics and Operational Neuroscience, Pt II SE Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 10th International Conference on Foundations of Augmented Cognition (AC) held as part of 18th International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction (HIC International) CY JUL 17-22, 2016 CL Toronto, CANADA DE Modeling; Requirements generation; Affordances; Attributes AB During materiel development, limitations of soldiers and their interactions with tasks and equipment are often inadequately considered until after product development. This can result in poor requirements generation and thus inadequate specifications [1]. These flaws have produced the largest cost driver in acquisition programs: performance requirement changes [2]. The Army has begun work to incorporate the human dimension into future materiel development of both equipment and training systems. Modeling and Simulation (M&S) have been viewed as ways to train soldiers and to predict performance before money has been invested in creating and fielding new products. The success of early M&S in reducing cost hinges on understanding how the human, task, and equipment work together and impact each other. In addition, their relationship must be linked to cognitive aspects of performance, especially under high arousal conditions. The Army currently lacks a way to describe these relationships. The goal of this project is to create a methodology to define the data needed to describe the relationship between levels of stress or arousal and soldier performance using a live training event. The methodology should provide the training and modeling communities with information on gaps in their technologies that prevent effective training or accurate predictive analysis through modeling efforts. The methodology will also help define measures of performance needed to assess training and correctly model performance. C1 [Napier, Samantha; Best, Christopher; Patton, Debra] Army Res Lab, Human Res Engn Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. [Hodges, Glenn] Training & Doctrine Command Army Capabil Integrat, Ft Eustis, VA USA. RP Napier, S (reprint author), Army Res Lab, Human Res Engn Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. EM samantha.j.napier.civ@mail.mil NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 0302-9743 BN 978-3-319-39952-2; 978-3-319-39951-5 J9 LECT NOTES ARTIF INT PY 2016 VL 9744 BP 421 EP 430 DI 10.1007/978-3-319-39952-2_41 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Cybernetics; Ergonomics; Neurosciences; Psychology, Experimental SC Computer Science; Engineering; Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychology GA BG5DP UT WOS:000389409800041 ER PT J AU Scully, BM AF Scully, B. M. BE Oates, D Burkhart, E Grob, J TI Multi-Port Comparison of the Tidal Influence on Navigating Vessel Populations SO Ports 2016: Port Planning and Development LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 14th Triennial International Conference on Port Planning and Development (PORTS) CY JUN 12-15, 2016 CL New Orleans, LA SP Amer Soc Civil Engineers, Coasts Oceans Ports & Rivers Inst, Ports and Harbors Comm AB This work applies the methodology presented by Mitchell & Scully (2014) for calculating the tidal dependence parameter (TD) to 25 U.S. port areas. Tidal prediction stations and observation reference lines are catalogued for considered ports. Results include relevant tide range and elevation threshold observations. Automatic identification system (AIS) data and 6-minute tide predictions are used to generate relative rankings for arriving cargo and tank vessel traffic for the years 2012-2014. Vessel arrivals are mapped to a weekly temporal grid to visualize port arrival processes for two port areas with extreme TD values. Results and method are discussed. C1 [Scully, B. M.] US Army Corps Engineers, Engn Res & Dev Ctr, Coastal & Hydraul Lab, 69A Hagood Ave, Charleston, SC 29403 USA. RP Scully, BM (reprint author), US Army Corps Engineers, Engn Res & Dev Ctr, Coastal & Hydraul Lab, 69A Hagood Ave, Charleston, SC 29403 USA. EM brandan.m.scully@usace.army.mil NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA UNITED ENGINEERING CENTER, 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017-2398 USA BN 978-0-7844-7991-9 PY 2016 BP 832 EP 842 PG 11 WC Engineering, Civil; Water Resources SC Engineering; Water Resources GA BG5EB UT WOS:000389434300086 ER PT J AU Grinfeld, M Grinfeld, P AF Grinfeld, Michael Grinfeld, Pavel TI The Gibbs method in thermodynamics of heterogeneous substances carrying electric charges SO Results in Physics LA English DT Article DE Electromagnetism; Thermodynamics; Heterogeneous systems; Stability; Variational principles AB We combine Gibbsian method thermodynamic method for heterogeneous systems with electrostatics. The substances under study are those able to accumulate free (i. e., not dipolar) electric charges. We announce several key formulas related to the first and second energy variations for these macroscopic heterogeneous systems. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Grinfeld, Michael] US Army Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. [Grinfeld, Pavel] Drexel Univ, Dept Math, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Grinfeld, M (reprint author), US Army Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 2211-3797 J9 RESULTS PHYS JI Results Phys. PY 2016 VL 6 BP 194 EP 195 DI 10.1016/j.rinp.2016.01.011 PG 2 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science; Physics GA EE7BU UT WOS:000389770300048 ER PT S AU Underwood, S Bartz, D Kade, A Crawford, M AF Underwood, Steven Bartz, Daniel Kade, Alex Crawford, Mark BE Meyer, G Beiker, S TI Truck Automation: Testing and Trusting the Virtual Driver SO Road Vehicle Automation 3 SE Lecture Notes in Mobility LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Automated Vehicles Symposium (AVS) CY 2015 CL Ann Arbor, MI SP Transportat Res Board, Assoc Unmanned Vehicle Syst Int DE Automotive; Trucking; Trucks; Fleets; Testing; Evaluation; Automation; Architecture; Verification; Validation; SysML; Safety; Army; Driving system; Simulation; Systems engineering; Functional requirements; Model-based; Reference architecture; Interfaces; Certification; Standards; Vehicle; Pilots; Operational testing AB This chapter addresses the testing and evaluation of the virtual truck driver. While the primary focus of the discussion is on verification and validation in model-based systems engineering it also touches upon testing for certification, establishing regulations, public investment, and research and development. A reference architecture for automated driving coordinates designs at the vehicle and system levels for increased interoperability among components and improved efficiency. A model-based systems engineering approach exploits automated vehicle systems domain models as a primary means of information exchange to help manage the complexity and provide analytical support for efficient architecting, design, verification, and validation. These models support the testing and evaluation process for functional safety design and certification. Finally, demonstration pilots, operational testing, and natural use testing, combined with system design artifacts, are critical to public and regulatory acceptance of the virtual driver. Although safety must be assured, the primary challenge is how to make such assurances without relying on a human driver and vouching for the virtual driver under all allowable driving situations and conditions. This chapter provides some ideas on how all of this might come together and help bring fully automated vehicles to the market. C1 [Underwood, Steven] Univ Michigan, CVPC, 4901 Evergreen Rd, Dearborn, MI 48128 USA. [Bartz, Daniel] SAE Reference Architecture & Interfaces RAI Task, San Francisco, CA USA. [Kade, Alex] US Army TARDEC, Ground Vehicle Robot, 6501 East 11 Mile Rd,.AMSRD TAR R-264, Warren, MI 48397 USA. [Crawford, Mark] Ford Motor Co, Res & Adv Engn, Bldg 2,20000 Rotunda Dr, Dearborn, MI 48124 USA. RP Underwood, S (reprint author), Univ Michigan, CVPC, 4901 Evergreen Rd, Dearborn, MI 48128 USA. EM underw@umich.edu; danielbartz@gmail.com; alex.kade.civ@mail.mil; markcraw@umich.edu NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPRINGER INT PUBLISHING AG PI CHAM PA GEWERBESTRASSE 11, CHAM, CH-6330, SWITZERLAND SN 2196-5544 BN 978-3-319-40503-2; 978-3-319-40502-5 J9 LECT N MOBIL PY 2016 BP 91 EP 109 DI 10.1007/978-3-319-40503-2_8 PG 19 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Robotics; Transportation; Transportation Science & Technology SC Computer Science; Robotics; Transportation GA BG5JQ UT WOS:000389512000008 ER PT S AU Hsieh, BB AF Hsieh, Bernard B. BE Rojas, I Pomares, H TI Communicating Artificial Neural Networks with Physical-Based Flow Model for Complex Coastal Systems SO Time Series Analysis and Forecasting SE Contributions to Statistics LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE Artificial Neural Networks; Coastal/estuary waterways; Data recovery system; Numerical hydrodynamic modeling supporting tool; Time series analysis AB Four applications using an intelligent computational method, such as Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) to incorporate with physical-based flow model, namely, to enhance of knowledge base for model calibration, to correct simulation errors, to perform inverse modeling estimation, and to perform surrogate model approach have been studied recently. In this paper, the first application which enhances the knowledge base for physical-based flow model's calibration is demonstrated. For the most physical-based model, invariably there are problems collecting complete data sets to evaluate and model estuarine or coastal hydrodynamics systems. These data gaps lead to uncertainties associated with the understanding or modeling of these processes. One new approach to reduce this uncertainty and to fill in these data gaps is based on the analysis of all the data characterizing the system using ANNs. To demonstrate this data-driven approach, the computational efforts undertaken for the Houma Navigation Canal (HNC) project, Louisiana, USA, is presented. For this project, the following three major benefits are obtained and presented from many " pieces" of hydro-environmental information. They are: to fill in the data gaps so that complete data sets are available for the largest number of instrumentation locations, to develop a better understanding of the system responses, and to understand the sensitivity of the system variables. This knowledge base is important to understand and assist with the physical-based model development and calibration/verification processes. C1 [Hsieh, Bernard B.] US Army Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Hsieh, BB (reprint author), US Army Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. EM hsiehb@wes.army.mil NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER INT PUBLISHING AG PI CHAM PA GEWERBESTRASSE 11, CHAM, CH-6330, SWITZERLAND SN 1431-1968 BN 978-3-319-28725-6; 978-3-319-28723-2 J9 CONTRIB STAT PY 2016 BP 315 EP 327 DI 10.1007/978-3-319-28725-6_23 D2 10.1007/978-3-319-28725-6 PG 13 WC Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Statistics & Probability SC Mathematics GA BG4QB UT WOS:000389044600024 ER PT S AU Booth, J Kranz, MS English, BA Whitley, MR Hudson, T LeFevre, V AF Booth, Janice Kranz, Michael S. English, Brian A. Whitley, Michael R. Hudson, Tracy LeFevre, Vicki GP IEEE TI Integrated Localized Cooling using Piezoelectrically-Driven Synthetic Jets SO 2016 IEEE AEROSPACE CONFERENCE SE IEEE Aerospace Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Aerospace Conference CY MAR 05-12, 2016 CL Big Sky, MT SP IEEE AB RF communications and radar systems are comprised of tightly packaged high wattage components requiring a controlled temperature to meet performance and reliability parameters. As these systems are becoming smaller and more powerful, existing thermal management technology limits system performance. An approach being pursued to address thermal management issues is localized synthetic jet die-level cooling using embedding piezoelectric actuators within the electronic assembly. U.S. Army AMRDEC is developing and testing piezocomposite actuator test beds to mature the concepts and develop practical solutions. This investigation has demonstrated Lightweight Piezocomposite Curved Actuator (LiPCA) devices as low-frequency, small form factor, high-displacement, and high flow rate sources for synthetic jet cooling. The goal of the investigation is to achieve thermal management using higher efficiency and smaller actuators than demonstrated in previous synthetic jet efforts. C1 [Booth, Janice; Hudson, Tracy; LeFevre, Vicki] US Army, AMRDEC, RDMR WDG R Bldg 5400, Huntsville, AL 35801 USA. [Kranz, Michael S.; Whitley, Michael R.] EngeniusMicro LLC, 107 Jefferson St, Huntsville, AL 35801 USA. [English, Brian A.] EngeniusMicro LLC, 500 Bishop St,Suite E3, Atlanta, GA 30318 USA. RP Booth, J (reprint author), US Army, AMRDEC, RDMR WDG R Bldg 5400, Huntsville, AL 35801 USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1095-323X BN 978-1-4673-7676-1 J9 AEROSP CONF PROC PY 2016 PG 7 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA BG3XT UT WOS:000388374903078 ER PT S AU Brill, JC Lawson, B Rupert, AH AF Brill, J. Christopher Lawson, Ben Rupert, Angus H. GP IEEE TI Countermeasures for Loss of Situation Awareness: Error Filtering Strategies for 3-Dimensional Audio SO 2016 IEEE AEROSPACE CONFERENCE SE IEEE Aerospace Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Aerospace Conference CY MAR 05-12, 2016 CL Big Sky, MT SP IEEE ID SPATIAL DISORIENTATION; SOUND LOCALIZATION; NOISE; ANGLE AB The U. S. Army has proposed incorporating 3-dimensional (3-D) audio displays into the cockpit as a technological countermeasure for spatial disorientation (SD). We evaluated the effectiveness of a 3-D audio display and found localization accuracy for discrete, short-duration signals fell short of previously published literature. The present investigation explored the extent to which this discrepancy was due to differences in error filtering strategies used during the data screening process. Error filtering is the common practice of eliminating from analysis trials with fore/aft reversals. We applied conservative and liberal error filtering to two comparable datasets from experiments on 3-D audio cue localization accuracy. Conservative error filtering consisted of eliminating from analysis any trial characterized by a 180-degree reversal for the fore and aft positions. Liberal error filtering eliminated trials characterized by hemispheric reversals (i.e., fore/aft), inclusive of central (0/180 degrees) and offset (45 degrees left or right of center) positions. One experiment had been conducted in a quiet environment; the other was conducted in the presence of loud, operationally-relevant ambient noise. Compared to raw, unfiltered performance data, conservative and liberal error filtering led to a 2 and 4% difference, respectively, in accuracy. A significant interaction between error filter type and ambient environment was found (p < .01). Conservative error filtering resulted in a significant increase in apparent accuracy (over unfiltered data) for localization data from the quiet environment (p < .05). Liberal error filtering significantly improved apparent accuracy for data from the noisy environment. Error filtering caused the appearance of better performance than was actually present in the data. Further, even these small increases in mean accuracy are sufficient to alter the outcome of null-hypothesis-significance-testing, potentially leading to faulty conclusions through Type I error. Based upon this evidence, we strongly support an approach that retains all fore/aft reversals for experiments on 3-D audio localization accuracy. Doing so will improve the accuracy and validity of such investigations. Instead of focusing on error-screened data, we advocate actually improving 3-D audio localization performance through redundant vibrotactile cueing, where possible, particularly for noisy environments. C1 [Brill, J. Christopher] Old Dominion Univ, 250 Mills Godwin Bldg, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. [Lawson, Ben; Rupert, Angus H.] US Army Aeromed Res Lab, 6901 Farrel Rd, Ft Rucker, AL 36362 USA. RP Brill, JC (reprint author), Old Dominion Univ, 250 Mills Godwin Bldg, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. EM jcbrill@odu.edu; benton.d.lawson.civ@mail.mil; Angus.h.rupert.civ@mail.mil NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1095-323X BN 978-1-4673-7676-1 J9 AEROSP CONF PROC PY 2016 PG 6 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA BG3XT UT WOS:000388374902065 ER PT S AU Cayci, F Waite, N Karymova, Y Kiamilev, F Liu, JJ AF Cayci, Furkan Waite, Nicholas Karymova, Yulia Kiamilev, Fouad Liu, Jony J. GP IEEE TI Modular Adaptive Phased-locked Fiber Array Controller Platform SO 2016 IEEE AEROSPACE CONFERENCE SE IEEE Aerospace Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Aerospace Conference CY MAR 05-12, 2016 CL Big Sky, MT SP IEEE ID SPGD ALGORITHM; BEAM AB Fiber array optical systems that are used for free-space optical communications and phased laser beam projection applications depend on fast, closed-loop adaptive control to efficiently compensate for optical distortion caused by atmospheric turbulence. Current off-the-shelf systems are limited in performance, fiber array control channels, and flexibility. In this research project, we built a scalable and versatile platform for closed-loop controlling fiber-arrays with high update rate and rapid algorithm development. The controller platform consists of two parts: (I) an analysis and simulation software framework that is used for algorithm development and finding optimal parameters. Code written and simulated can then be directly ported to (II), a real-time hardware engine that can execute the algorithm in a real system and has the capability of controlling a large number of fiber arrays for testing and deployment in field conditions. The analysis and simulation software framework is used to simulate and predict how well the hardware will perform the implemented algorithm with a certain set of parameters and visualize the results of software or hardware runs. The optimized algorithms can be easily transferred back and forth to the hardware engine to run in real-time. The hardware platform is capable of standalone operation and is based on a System on chip (SoC) which has an ARM Central Processor Unit (CPU) and a floating-point Digital Signal Processor (DSP), a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), custom hardware modules that has large array of digital to analog convertors (DACs) and amplifiers for controlling fiber arrays, and another custom hardware module that has amplified ADC channels for reading back the quality metric value. Test results from the prototype system with 19 DAC channels and two analog to digital convertor (ADC) channels are presented and compared with simulated results. C1 [Cayci, Furkan; Waite, Nicholas; Karymova, Yulia; Kiamilev, Fouad] Univ Delaware, Dept ECE, Newark, DE 19716 USA. [Liu, Jony J.] US Army, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Cayci, F (reprint author), Univ Delaware, Dept ECE, Newark, DE 19716 USA. EM furkan@udel.edu; ernwa@udel.edu; yulia@udel.edu; kiamilev@udel.edu; jony.j.liu.civ@mail.mil NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1095-323X BN 978-1-4673-7676-1 J9 AEROSP CONF PROC PY 2016 PG 6 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA BG3XT UT WOS:000388374902036 ER PT S AU Lawson, B Rupert, A Brill, JC McGrath, B Thompson, LBI Kelley, AM AF Lawson, Ben Rupert, Angus Brill, J. Christopher McGrath, Braden Thompson, Linda-Brooke I. Kelley, Amanda M. GP IEEE TI A Countermeasure for Loss of Situation Awareness: Transitioning from the Laboratory to the Aircraft SO 2016 IEEE AEROSPACE CONFERENCE SE IEEE Aerospace Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Aerospace Conference CY MAR 05-12, 2016 CL Big Sky, MT SP IEEE DE tactile; situation awareness; spatial disorientation; mishap; innovation; technology transition ID TACTILE CUES AB Loss of situation awareness (SA) is a major contributor to aircraft mishaps. This paper describes a technological (display) countermeasure for loss of situation awareness in flight and considers its key remaining transition challenges. The display countermeasure is a tactile situation awareness system (TSAS) that provides cues concerning aircraft motion. For example, if a helicopter drifts upwards, forwards, or downwards away from its desired hover, the pilot would feel a vibrotactile pulse on top of his/her shoulders, the front of his/her torso, or beneath his/her buttocks, respectively. The key challenge remaining for the TSAS is to transition from the research laboratory science and technology (S&T) setting to routine use aboard manned aircraft, which requires extensive flight testing. We present research evidence supporting the utility of the cues provided by TSAS, the safety benefits of TSAS, and the robustness of TSAS under demanding conditions relevant to flight. However, the research setting differs greatly from the operational setting it serves. Therefore, we conclude by sharing seven practical technology transition lessons we have learned from our efforts to transition TSAS from S&T to the very different world of flight operations. We discuss how the differing procedures, standards, timelines, priorities, incentives, and expectations of scientific versus flight testing raise significant challenges to the efficient transition of new technological inventions to the aircraft. Our hope is that describing our ongoing efforts with TSAS will aid similar display technology transition efforts and provide inventors information that could foster government innovation and implementation. C1 [Lawson, Ben; Rupert, Angus; Thompson, Linda-Brooke I.] US Army Aeromed Res Lab, 6901 Farrel Rd, Ft Rucker, AL 36362 USA. [Brill, J. Christopher] Old Dominion Univ, 5115 Hampton Blvd, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. [McGrath, Braden] Univ Canberra, Univ Dr, Bruce, ACT 2617, Australia. [Kelley, Amanda M.] 246 Cypress Creek Rd, Severna Pk, MD 21146 USA. RP Lawson, B (reprint author), US Army Aeromed Res Lab, 6901 Farrel Rd, Ft Rucker, AL 36362 USA. EM benton.d.lawson.civ@mail.mil; angus.h.rupert.civ@mail.mil; jcbrill@odu.edu; braden.mcgrath@canberra.edu.au; linda-brooke.i.thompson.ctr@mail.mil; akelley1981@gmail.com NR 49 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1095-323X BN 978-1-4673-7676-1 J9 AEROSP CONF PROC PY 2016 PG 16 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA BG3XT UT WOS:000388374903033 ER PT S AU Rupert, AH Brill, JC Woo, G Lawson, B AF Rupert, Angus H. Brill, J. Christopher Woo, Gregory Lawson, Ben GP IEEE TI Countermeasures for Loss of Situation Awareness: Spatial Orientation Modeling to Reduce Mishaps SO 2016 IEEE AEROSPACE CONFERENCE SE IEEE Aerospace Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Aerospace Conference CY MAR 05-12, 2016 CL Big Sky, MT SP IEEE ID CENTRIFUGE; EXPOSURE; ILLUSION; HUMANS; SYSTEM; DELAY; CUES AB Spatial disorientation (SD) and loss of aircraft control are the largest contributors to aviation fatalities for both military and civil aviation. A recent report indicates that air carrier mishaps attributed to somatogravic illusions (especially during "go-around") have not decreased. Go-around is a flight path taken by an aircraft after an aborted approach to landing. Such mishaps are generally associated with a degraded visual environment (DVE) and the increased workload associated with approach to landing. The modeling of pilot spatial orientation is complex as it involves aircraft state parameters, the integration of information from several sensory systems (somatosensory, vestibular, and visual), the intention of the pilot at the controls, the increasing use of automation, and the pilot's total flight hours and types of flight experience. In addition, past models have not included the benefits to situation awareness afforded through tactile cueing and 3-dimensional (3D) audio displays. Tactile cueing and 3D audio displays have the advantage of providing continuous orientation during conditions of distraction when the pilot is not attending to the attitude indicator or outside horizon. The revised model, when accompanied by gaze information, can prevent mishaps by providing real time warning of impending SD to pilots. Alternatively, post mishap analysis can reveal the etiology of sensory failure, leading to material solutions to prevent future mishaps. When the revised spatial orientation model is used to evaluate recent air carrier mishaps involving somatogravic illusions during go-around, it becomes apparent that solutions to SD reside in novel non-visual continuous orientation devices to supplement traditional visual displays. C1 [Rupert, Angus H.; Lawson, Ben] US Army, Aeromed Res Lab, 6901 Farrel Rd, Ft Rucker, AL 36362 USA. [Brill, J. Christopher] Old Dominion Univ, 250 Mills Godwin Bldg, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. [Woo, Gregory] US Dept Transportat, 55 Broadway, Cambridge, MA 02142 USA. RP Rupert, AH (reprint author), US Army, Aeromed Res Lab, 6901 Farrel Rd, Ft Rucker, AL 36362 USA. EM angus.h.rupert.civ@mail.mil; jcbrill@odu.edu; gregory.woo@dot.gov; benton.d.lawson.civ@mail.mil NR 31 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1095-323X BN 978-1-4673-7676-1 J9 AEROSP CONF PROC PY 2016 PG 9 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA BG3XT UT WOS:000388374902041 ER PT S AU Smith, B Yount, B Kruger, C Brivkalns, C Makino, A Cassell, A Zarchi, K McDaniel, R Ross, J Wercinski, P Venkatapathy, E Swanson, G Gold, N AF Smith, Brandon Yount, Bryan Kruger, Carl Brivkalns, Chad Makino, Alberto Cassell, Alan Zarchi, Kerry McDaniel, Ryan Ross, James Wercinski, Paul Venkatapathy, Ethiraj Swanson, Gregory Gold, Nili GP IEEE TI Nano-ADEPT Aeroloads Wind Tunnel Test SO 2016 IEEE AEROSPACE CONFERENCE SE IEEE Aerospace Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Aerospace Conference CY MAR 05-12, 2016 CL Big Sky, MT SP IEEE AB A wind tunnel test of the Adaptable Deployable Entry and Placement Technology (ADEPT) was conducted in April 2015 at the US Army's 7x10 Foot Wind Tunnel located at NASA Ames Research Center. Key geometric features of the fabric test article were a 0.7 m deployed base diameter, a 70 degrees half-angle forebody cone angle, eight ribs, and a nose-to-base radius ratio of 0.7. The primary objective of this wind tunnel test was to obtain static deflected shape and pressure distributions while varying pretension at dynamic pressures and angles of attack relevant to entry conditions at Earth, Mars, and Venus. Other objectives included obtaining aerodynamic force and moment data and determining the presence and magnitude of any dynamic aeroelastic behavior (buzz/flutter) in the fabric trailing edge. All instrumentation systems worked as planned and a rich data set was obtained. This paper describes the test articles, instrumentation systems, data products, and test results. Four notable conclusions are drawn. First, test data support adopting a pre-tension lower bound of 10 lbf/in for Nano-ADEPT mission applications. Second, test results indicate that the fabric conditioning process needs to be reevaluated. Third, no flutter/buzz of the fabric was observed for any test condition and should also not occur at hypersonic speeds. Fourth, translating one of the gores caused ADEPT to generate lift without the need for a center of gravity offset. At hypersonic speeds, the lift generated by actuating ADEPT gores could be used for vehicle control. C1 [Smith, Brandon; Yount, Bryan; Kruger, Carl; Brivkalns, Chad; Makino, Alberto; Cassell, Alan; Zarchi, Kerry; McDaniel, Ryan; Ross, James; Wercinski, Paul; Venkatapathy, Ethiraj] NASA, Ames Res Ctr, M-S 229-1, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [Swanson, Gregory] AMA Inc, NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. [Gold, Nili] US Army AFDD, NASA, Ames Res Ctr, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. RP Smith, B (reprint author), NASA, Ames Res Ctr, M-S 229-1, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. EM Brandon.P.Smith@nasa.gov NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1095-323X BN 978-1-4673-7676-1 J9 AEROSP CONF PROC PY 2016 PG 20 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA BG3XT UT WOS:000388374902035 ER PT S AU Banawan, K Ulukus, S Wang, P Henz, B AF Banawan, Karim Ulukus, Sennur Wang, Peng Henz, Brian GP IEEE TI Multiband Jamming Strategies with Minimum Rate Constraints SO 2016 IEEE WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS AND NETWORKING CONFERENCE SE IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference (WCNC) CY APR 03-07, 2016 CL Doha, QATAR SP IEEE, IEEE Commun Soc AB We consider a channel with N parallel sub-bands. There is a single user that can access exactly k channels, while maintaining some minimum rate at each accessed channel. The transmission takes place in the presence of a jammer which can access at most m channels. We cast the problem as an extensive-form game and derive the optimal power allocation strategies for both the user and the jammer. We present extensive simulation results regarding convergence of rates, effect of changing the number of accessed bands for the user and the jammer, and the minimum rate constraint. C1 [Banawan, Karim; Ulukus, Sennur] Univ Maryland, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Wang, Peng; Henz, Brian] US Army, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Banawan, K (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1525-3511 BN 978-1-4673-9814-5 J9 IEEE WCNC PY 2016 PG 6 WC Telecommunications SC Telecommunications GA BG4CR UT WOS:000388603100078 ER PT S AU Nazemi, S Leung, KK Swami, A AF Nazemi, Sepideh Leung, Kin K. Swami, Ananthram GP IEEE TI Optimization Framework with Reduced Complexity for Sensor Networks with In-Network Processing SO 2016 IEEE WIRELESS COMMUNICATIONS AND NETWORKING CONFERENCE SE IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference (WCNC) CY APR 03-07, 2016 CL Doha, QATAR SP IEEE, IEEE Commun Soc AB We propose a framework for optimizing in-network processing (INP) in wireless sensor networks. INP provides a platform for processing (e.g., fusing, aggregating or compressing) the data along the transmission routes in the sensor network. This can reduce the volume of transmitted data, therefore optimizing the utilization of energy and bandwidth. However, such data processing must ensure that the end result can meet given QoI requirements. We formulate the QoI-aware INP problem as a non-linear optimization problem to identify the optimal degree of data compression at each sensor node subject to satisfying a QoI requirement for the end-user. The formulation arranges all involved sensor nodes in a tree where data is transfered and processed from nodes to their parent nodes toward the root node of the tree. Under the assumption of uniform parameter setting, we show that the processing tree can be collapsed into a linear graph where the number of nodes represents the node levels of the original processing tree. This represents a significant reduction in complexity of the problem. Numerical example are provided to illustrate the performance of the proposed approach. C1 [Nazemi, Sepideh; Leung, Kin K.] Imperial Coll, London, England. [Swami, Ananthram] US Army, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD USA. RP Nazemi, S (reprint author), Imperial Coll, London, England. EM s.nazemi10@imperial.ac.uk; kin.leung@imperial.ac.uk; ananthram.swami.civ@mail.mil NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1525-3511 BN 978-1-4673-9814-5 J9 IEEE WCNC PY 2016 PG 6 WC Telecommunications SC Telecommunications GA BG4CR UT WOS:000388603101065 ER PT J AU Weinacht, P AF Weinacht, Paul BE Woodley, C Cullis, I TI A DIRECT-FIRE TRAJECTORY MODEL FOR SUPERSONIC THROUGH SUBSONIC PROJECTILE FLIGHT SO 29TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON BALLISTICS, VOLS 1 AND 2 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 29th International Symposium on Ballistics CY MAY 09-13, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP Natl Def Ind Assoc, Int Ballist Soc AB A simple but accurate method of determining the direct-fire trajectory of projectiles that traverse a flight regime that includes supersonic, transonic and subsonic flight is presented. Closed-form analytical solutions for the important trajectory parameters such as the time-of-flight, velocity, gravity drop and wind drift are presented. The method makes use of individual power-law descriptions of the drag variation with Mach number within the supersonic, transonic and subsonic regimes. The method demonstrates that the free-flight trajectory can be characterized with as few as six parameters; the muzzle velocity, muzzle retardation, a power-law exponent that describes the drag variation in supersonic flight, the transition Mach numbers between supersonic and transonic flight, the transition Mach number between transonic and subsonic flight and the retardation at the subsonic transition Mach number. The accuracy and simplicity of the method makes it very useful for preliminary design or performance assessment studies where rapid prediction of projectile trajectories is desired. Sample results are presented for a 9mm pistol bullet that traverses supersonic, transonic and subsonic flight to demonstrate the viability of the method. C1 [Weinacht, Paul] US Army, Res Lab, Flight Sci Branch, ATTN RDRL WML E, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Weinacht, P (reprint author), US Army, Res Lab, Flight Sci Branch, ATTN RDRL WML E, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU DESTECH PUBLICATIONS, INC PI LANCASTER PA 439 DUKE STREET, LANCASTER, PA 17602-4967 USA BN 978-1-60595-317-5 PY 2016 BP 303 EP 314 PG 12 WC Mechanics; Physics, Applied SC Mechanics; Physics GA BG4OO UT WOS:000389021400033 ER PT J AU Davis, B Condon, J Muller, P AF Davis, Bradford Condon, John Muller, Peter BE Woodley, C Cullis, I TI AN INSTRUMENTED 81-MM MORTAR TARGET PLATFORM FOR DYNAMIC ENGAGEMENTS OF HIGH ENERGY LASER WEAPONS SO 29TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON BALLISTICS, VOLS 1 AND 2 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 29th International Symposium on Ballistics CY MAY 09-13, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP Natl Def Ind Assoc, Int Ballist Soc AB The Irradiance Collection and Reporting System (ICRS) contains an instrumentation package attached to an 81-mm mortar airframe to create a dynamic target platform to evaluate the effectiveness of high-energy laser (HEL) directed energy weaponry. At the airframe's midbody is a self-powered Multifunctional Instrumentation and Data Acquisition System module that contains onboard inertial sensors and a telemetry system. An interconnected, separate, front cylindrical irradiance sensor module contains an array of hundreds of miniature fiber-optic detectors along its surface that connect to custom imager electronics inside to detect and measure HEL irradiance spot profile data. Analysis of the materials and coatings against HEL exposure were verified to ensure survivability of the telemetry system components and ICRS hardware. Extensive modeling and simulation were validated by several laboratory experiments conducted at U.S. Army facilities. Captive experiments with a 50-kW laser were also performed to assess the survivability and performance. C1 [Davis, Bradford; Condon, John; Muller, Peter] US Army, Res Lab, Guidance Technol Branch, ATTN RDRL WML F, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Davis, B (reprint author), US Army, Res Lab, Guidance Technol Branch, ATTN RDRL WML F, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU DESTECH PUBLICATIONS, INC PI LANCASTER PA 439 DUKE STREET, LANCASTER, PA 17602-4967 USA BN 978-1-60595-317-5 PY 2016 BP 324 EP 335 PG 12 WC Mechanics; Physics, Applied SC Mechanics; Physics GA BG4OO UT WOS:000389021400035 ER PT J AU Oberlin, GS AF Oberlin, Gregory S. BE Woodley, C Cullis, I TI THE EFFECT OF BULLET DIAMETER AND FREE STREAM MACH NUMBER ON FLIGHT NOISE SO 29TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON BALLISTICS, VOLS 1 AND 2 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 29th International Symposium on Ballistics CY MAY 09-13, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP Natl Def Ind Assoc, Int Ballist Soc AB The US Army Research Laboratory has a newly developed experimental setup consisting of a sensor array that allows for expedient and accurate measurement of projectile flight noise. This study examines the effects of projectile flight diameter on the peak sound pressure level (SPL) of the bullet in flight. Additionally an empirical model has been derived from the results of the experiments to aid in the prediction of flight noise given the diameter and Mach number of a projectile. The in-flight signature of projectiles is of particular importance when considering the impact of a weapons signature on the surrounding environment. Included in this research are 4 diameters of small caliber bullets of the same approximate non-dimensional shape. The projectile flight noise was characterized across multiple free stream Mach numbers between Mach 0.5 and Mach 3.0. C1 [Oberlin, Gregory S.] US Army, Res Lab, RDRL WML E B459, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Oberlin, GS (reprint author), US Army, Res Lab, RDRL WML E B459, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU DESTECH PUBLICATIONS, INC PI LANCASTER PA 439 DUKE STREET, LANCASTER, PA 17602-4967 USA BN 978-1-60595-317-5 PY 2016 BP 347 EP 355 PG 9 WC Mechanics; Physics, Applied SC Mechanics; Physics GA BG4OO UT WOS:000389021400037 ER PT J AU Ilg, M AF Ilg, Mark BE Woodley, C Cullis, I TI OPTIMIZING GUIDANCE STRATEGY FOR GUN LAUNCHED UNDERACTUATED WEAPONS SO 29TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON BALLISTICS, VOLS 1 AND 2 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 29th International Symposium on Ballistics CY MAY 09-13, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP Natl Def Ind Assoc, Int Ballist Soc ID PROJECTILE AB This paper presents a guidance strategy for the control of underactuated mortar. The performance will be evaluated as compared to the traditional guidance law Proportional Navigation (ProNav) and the Impact Point Pre-diction (IPP). Performance and optimizations of the guidance law based was evaluated using a six degree-of-freedom (6-DOF) simulation environment for a 120mm guided mortar. Effectiveness of each guidance law for a guide-to-hit mission was assessed using Engagement Footprint Ratio (EFR) and Monte Carlo analysis in the simulation environment. Relative performance of the guidance strategies is presented and this comparison is used to demonstrate the effectiveness of each of the strategies in achieving target intercept by a guided mortar with limited control authority. C1 [Ilg, Mark] US Army, Res Lab, RDRL WML F, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Ilg, M (reprint author), US Army, Res Lab, RDRL WML F, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU DESTECH PUBLICATIONS, INC PI LANCASTER PA 439 DUKE STREET, LANCASTER, PA 17602-4967 USA BN 978-1-60595-317-5 PY 2016 BP 407 EP 421 PG 15 WC Mechanics; Physics, Applied SC Mechanics; Physics GA BG4OO UT WOS:000389021400043 ER PT J AU Bittle, D Rosema, C AF Bittle, David Rosema, Christopher BE Woodley, C Cullis, I TI PROGRESSIVE DIE STAMPED STEEL AEROSTABLE PENETRATOR DESIGN AND FLIGHT TEST RESULTS SO 29TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON BALLISTICS, VOLS 1 AND 2 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 29th International Symposium on Ballistics CY MAY 09-13, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP Natl Def Ind Assoc, Int Ballist Soc AB The US Army has been investigating an aerostable penetrator formed from sheetmetal using progressive die stamping technology. One advantage of this approach is that the penetrator shaft is substantially rectangular in cross section, increasing packing density relative to more conventional designs. A second advantage is that the sheet metal technology allows greater control of the tailfin geometry. The tailfin span can be increased beyond the limits that would be imposed by forging or swaging technologies if the increase is needed for optimal flight stability. The disadvantage of the sheetmetal technology is that conventional cruciform tailfins cannot be produced. The AMRDEC has investigated three tailfin design concepts and has found a configuration that provides both aerodynamic stability and good packaging density. This paper will provide an overview of the penetrator airframe design and will discuss flight testing aerodynamic results. C1 [Bittle, David; Rosema, Christopher] US Army Res Dev & Engn Command, RDMR WDP S, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. RP Bittle, D (reprint author), US Army Res Dev & Engn Command, RDMR WDP S, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU DESTECH PUBLICATIONS, INC PI LANCASTER PA 439 DUKE STREET, LANCASTER, PA 17602-4967 USA BN 978-1-60595-317-5 PY 2016 BP 441 EP 450 PG 10 WC Mechanics; Physics, Applied SC Mechanics; Physics GA BG4OO UT WOS:000389021400046 ER PT J AU Manning, T Field, R Klingaman, K Fair, M Bolognini, J Crownover, R Adam, CP Panchal, V Rozumov, E Gran, H Matter, P Sopok, S AF Manning, Thelma Field, Richard Klingaman, Kenneth Fair, Michael Bolognini, John Crownover, Robin Adam, Carlton P. Panchal, Viral Rozumov, Eugene Gran, Henry Matter, Paul Sopok, Samuel BE Woodley, C Cullis, I TI INNOVATIVE BORON NITRIDE-DOPED PROPELLANTS SO 29TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON BALLISTICS, VOLS 1 AND 2 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 29th International Symposium on Ballistics CY MAY 09-13, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP Natl Def Ind Assoc, Int Ballist Soc ID BEHAVIOR; STEELS C1 [Manning, Thelma; Field, Richard; Klingaman, Kenneth; Fair, Michael; Bolognini, John; Crownover, Robin; Adam, Carlton P.; Panchal, Viral; Rozumov, Eugene; Gran, Henry] US Army RDECOM ARDEC, Picatinny Arsenal, NJ 07806 USA. [Matter, Paul] PH Matter LLC, Columbus, OH USA. [Sopok, Samuel] Benet Lab, Watervillet, NY USA. RP Manning, T (reprint author), US Army RDECOM ARDEC, Picatinny Arsenal, NJ 07806 USA. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU DESTECH PUBLICATIONS, INC PI LANCASTER PA 439 DUKE STREET, LANCASTER, PA 17602-4967 USA BN 978-1-60595-317-5 PY 2016 BP 698 EP 700 PG 3 WC Mechanics; Physics, Applied SC Mechanics; Physics GA BG4OO UT WOS:000389021400080 ER PT J AU South, J Eichhorst, C AF South, Joseph Eichhorst, Charles BE Woodley, C Cullis, I TI THE IMPACT OF MATERIALS ON THE LAUNCH DYNAMICS OF SMALL CALIBER PROJECTILES SO 29TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON BALLISTICS, VOLS 1 AND 2 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 29th International Symposium on Ballistics CY MAY 09-13, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP Natl Def Ind Assoc, Int Ballist Soc AB Traditional small caliber projectiles employ a copper based jacket and a lead alloy slug. These materials are low cost, readily available, adaptable to a variety of manufacturing techniques, and result in a low cost to the consumer. The manufacturing usage and postconsumer disposal of lead and lead-based products is a growing environmental concern worldwide. As a result it is extremely possible that future small caliber projectiles will utilize environmentally friendly materials. In this research the impact of materials on the launch dynamics of small caliber projectiles will be examined. Computational mechanical modeling will be conducted to determine the impact that material properties have on the launch dynamics and predicted dispersion. The modeling will examine typical commercial two-piece projectiles in two calibers 5.56mm and 7.62mm. The results of the study will discuss the in-bore balloting behavior and predicted dispersion for the lead and green projectiles of differing material properties. C1 [South, Joseph; Eichhorst, Charles] US Army, Res Lab, RDRL WML G, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP South, J (reprint author), US Army, Res Lab, RDRL WML G, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU DESTECH PUBLICATIONS, INC PI LANCASTER PA 439 DUKE STREET, LANCASTER, PA 17602-4967 USA BN 978-1-60595-317-5 PY 2016 BP 766 EP 776 PG 11 WC Mechanics; Physics, Applied SC Mechanics; Physics GA BG4OO UT WOS:000389021400091 ER PT J AU Minnicino, MA Ritter, JJ AF Minnicino, Michael A. Ritter, John J. BE Woodley, C Cullis, I TI SIMULATION OF ASYMMETRIC SHOT START IN SMALL CALIBER AMMUNITION SO 29TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON BALLISTICS, VOLS 1 AND 2 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 29th International Symposium on Ballistics CY MAY 09-13, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP Natl Def Ind Assoc, Int Ballist Soc AB Recent short-barrel experiments have indicated that primer ignition of small caliber ammunition is sufficient to begin projectile motion and engraving. High-speed video of these experiments also reveal that the early projectile motion is not symmetric with the nominal gun bore centerline. This early motion can lead to asymmetric engraving and has the potential to produce a mass asymmetry in the projectile leading to decreased accuracy due to increased dispersion. In this work the early motion of the projectile is simulated in order to determine the magnitude of any mass asymmetry resulting from the asymmetric shot start. The simulations indicate that the asymmetric shot start results in a modest engraving asymmetry and therefore a small mass asymmetry. C1 [Minnicino, Michael A.; Ritter, John J.] US Army, Res Lab, RDRL WML G, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Minnicino, MA (reprint author), US Army, Res Lab, RDRL WML G, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU DESTECH PUBLICATIONS, INC PI LANCASTER PA 439 DUKE STREET, LANCASTER, PA 17602-4967 USA BN 978-1-60595-317-5 PY 2016 BP 811 EP 818 PG 8 WC Mechanics; Physics, Applied SC Mechanics; Physics GA BG4OO UT WOS:000389021400095 ER PT J AU Ritter, JJ Beyer, RA McBain, AW AF Ritter, John J. Beyer, Richard A. McBain, Andrew W. BE Woodley, C Cullis, I TI A NOVEL TECHNIQUE TO MEASURE SMALL CALIBER PROJECTILE BALLOTING SO 29TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON BALLISTICS, VOLS 1 AND 2 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 29th International Symposium on Ballistics CY MAY 09-13, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP Natl Def Ind Assoc, Int Ballist Soc AB The US Army Research Laboratory (ARL) has a continuing program to investigate interior ballistic parameters (i.e. propellant charge, barrel leade, primer composition and output) which may contribute to overall performance (e.g. muzzle velocity and dispersion) and variability. In the area of in-bore projectile balloting there have been analytical studies that link balloting to 'jump', but small caliber data for current projectiles is lacking. Studies in large and medium caliber have employed techniques that are difficult to transfer to small caliber. The primary objective of the research to be presented here is to explore and exploit a novel quantitative technique to measure the degree of projectile balloting as it travels down bore. The basis of the technique is to soft catch projectiles and measure engraving marks. C1 [Ritter, John J.; Beyer, Richard A.; McBain, Andrew W.] US Army, Res Lab, RDRL WML D B390, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Ritter, JJ (reprint author), US Army, Res Lab, RDRL WML D B390, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU DESTECH PUBLICATIONS, INC PI LANCASTER PA 439 DUKE STREET, LANCASTER, PA 17602-4967 USA BN 978-1-60595-317-5 PY 2016 BP 845 EP 850 PG 6 WC Mechanics; Physics, Applied SC Mechanics; Physics GA BG4OO UT WOS:000389021400099 ER PT J AU Chaplin, R Gubernat, D AF Chaplin, R. Gubernat, D. BE Woodley, C Cullis, I TI FACTORS AFFECTING BORE RESISTANCE IN THE STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS OF INTERIOR BALLISTICS SO 29TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON BALLISTICS, VOLS 1 AND 2 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 29th International Symposium on Ballistics CY MAY 09-13, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP Natl Def Ind Assoc, Int Ballist Soc AB During analysis of new or existing ammunition the bore resistance profile is of particular importance as it gives the engineer valuable insight into tuning propellant parameters and charge loads. Finite Element Analysis can be a useful tool in estimating bore resistance profiles of conceptual ammunition before the rounds are prototyped and tested. However, many assumptions go into launch models that can affect the bore resistance profile obtained. This presentation covers many of the assumptions made during launch modeling and features within Finite Element Analysis and compares their influence on the obtained bore resistance curve. Factors such as rigid vs. Lagrangian elements, surface smoothing, mesh densities, helical meshing techniques, and results across multiple software packages will be evaluated. C1 [Chaplin, R.; Gubernat, D.] US Army ARDEC, Anal & Evaluat Div, Army RDECOM ARDEC, Army RDAR MEM I, Bldg 65N, Picatinny Arsenal, NJ 07806 USA. RP Chaplin, R (reprint author), US Army ARDEC, Anal & Evaluat Div, Army RDECOM ARDEC, Army RDAR MEM I, Bldg 65N, Picatinny Arsenal, NJ 07806 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU DESTECH PUBLICATIONS, INC PI LANCASTER PA 439 DUKE STREET, LANCASTER, PA 17602-4967 USA BN 978-1-60595-317-5 PY 2016 BP 905 EP 916 PG 12 WC Mechanics; Physics, Applied SC Mechanics; Physics GA BG4OO UT WOS:000389021400106 ER PT J AU Uhlig, WC Heine, A AF Uhlig, W. Casey Heine, Andreas BE Woodley, C Cullis, I TI APPLICATION OF AN ELECTROMAGNETIC DIAGNOSTIC TECHNIQUE FOR IN-FLIGHT SHAPED CHARGE JET AND HYPERVELOCITY PARTICLE CHARACTERIZATION SO 29TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON BALLISTICS, VOLS 1 AND 2 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 29th International Symposium on Ballistics CY MAY 09-13, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP Natl Def Ind Assoc, Int Ballist Soc AB An electromagnetic measurement technique is used to augment the characterization and understanding of hypervelocity projectiles before impact. The paper includes a short description of the method, while focusing on its recent utilization for jet particles and gun-launched hypervelocity projectiles. Data from the applied electromagnetic diffusion technique allowed both size and velocity characterization of particles from 0.5 mm up to 5 mm in diameter with velocities ranging from (but not limited to) 1000 m/s to 4000 m/s. This includes a series of experimental tests for method validation and calibration using light gas gun propelled laboratory projectiles as well as characterization of particles from a RISI Teledyne model RP-4SC small commercially available shaped charge. Techniques for narrowing the detection signal such as electromagnetic shielding and differential sensing enable measurements of multiple particles with separations on the order of 20 mm. Thus, we show that the presented method has potential to enhance ballistic studies by providing an additional technique to expand current hypervelocity projectile diagnostics, increasing capabilities in the area of in-flight characterization of projectiles before and during impact for dynamic material and validation studies. Part of the presentation given in the present paper is taken from a recent publication by the same authors [J. Appl. Phys. 118, 184901 (2015)]. C1 [Uhlig, W. Casey] US Army Res Lab, Aberdeen, MD 20783 USA. [Heine, Andreas] Fraunhofer EMI, Eckerstr 4, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany. RP Uhlig, WC (reprint author), US Army Res Lab, Aberdeen, MD 20783 USA. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU DESTECH PUBLICATIONS, INC PI LANCASTER PA 439 DUKE STREET, LANCASTER, PA 17602-4967 USA BN 978-1-60595-317-5 PY 2016 BP 1330 EP 1340 PG 11 WC Mechanics; Physics, Applied SC Mechanics; Physics GA BG4OO UT WOS:000389021400150 ER PT J AU Baker, EL Cornell, RE Stiel, LI AF Baker, E. L. Cornell, R. E. Stiel, L. I. BE Woodley, C Cullis, I TI UNDERSTANDING EXPERIMENTAL AND COMPUTATIONAL GURNEY ENERGIES SO 29TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON BALLISTICS, VOLS 1 AND 2 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 29th International Symposium on Ballistics CY MAY 09-13, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP Natl Def Ind Assoc, Int Ballist Soc AB It is now common to experimentally reduce Gurney energies associated with detonation products expansions using experimental cylinder expansion tests and the traditional Gurney formula for cylinders. However, this methodology results in Gurney energy values that are inherently geometrically dependent and do not provide quantitative measurements of explosive work output per mass. It is well known that the outside surface of an explosively expanding metal cylinder has a somewhat lower radial velocity than the cylinder inside due to wall thinning. It is also well known that the cylinder wall bends during acceleration resulting in a material motion Lagrangian velocity that is neither perpendicular to the original wall surface nor to the instantaneous wall surface. In addition, the high explosive detonation products have axial flow that is not accounted for using the cylinder Gurney formula. A number of researchers have identified these issues and have used various different methods to address them. One increasingly common methodology is to calculate Gurney energies using an analytic cylinder model along with thermochemical equation of state calculations. This methodology has proven to provide excellent agreement with experimental Gurney energies for a wide variety of high explosives. C1 [Baker, E. L.; Cornell, R. E.] US Army ARDEC, Picatinny Arsenal, NJ 07806 USA. [Stiel, L. I.] NYU, Polytech Sch Engn, Metrotech Ctr Brooklyn 6, Brooklyn, NY 11201 USA. RP Baker, EL (reprint author), US Army ARDEC, Picatinny Arsenal, NJ 07806 USA. NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU DESTECH PUBLICATIONS, INC PI LANCASTER PA 439 DUKE STREET, LANCASTER, PA 17602-4967 USA BN 978-1-60595-317-5 PY 2016 BP 1667 EP 1675 PG 9 WC Mechanics; Physics, Applied SC Mechanics; Physics GA BG4OO UT WOS:000389021400184 ER PT J AU Carson, RA Sahni, O AF Carson, Robert A. Sahni, Onkar BE Woodley, C Cullis, I TI MUZZLE-CENTER BASED SCALING LAW FOR THE PEAK OVERPRESSURE OF A CANNON BLAST SO 29TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON BALLISTICS, VOLS 1 AND 2 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 29th International Symposium on Ballistics CY MAY 09-13, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP Natl Def Ind Assoc, Int Ballist Soc ID ATTENUATION AB For large caliber cannons, blast overpressure can have a detrimental effect on the crew in the near field (i.e., within a distance of 50 tube diameters or calibers from the muzzle center) as well as on the support personnel and equipment in the far field (i.e., at a distance greater than 50 calibers). Therefore, an efficient method to determine the peak overpressure due to a cannon blast is highly desired. In this study, we investigate a muzzle-center based scaling law for the peak overpressure due to the primary blast of a large caliber cannon. We explore a power-law model involving a pre-factor and an exponent as model parameters proposed by Fansler and Schmidt [12]. They developed a muzzle-center based scaling law in which the polar angle dependence was incorporated through a reference length scale to define a non-dimensional or scaled radial distance from the muzzle center. The model parameters (i.e., the pre-factor and exponent) were calibrated by employing least-squares fit to a wide range of experimental data. In this study, we re-calibrated or updated the model parameters for the current cannon by using the numerical simulation data of the cannon blast in the near field. We observe that the modified version of the muzzle-center based scaling law shows a significantly closer fit to the numerical and experimental data and achieves a high level of accuracy. In the future, with the availability of the far-field data for cannon blasts, we plan to evaluate the predictive capability of the muzzle-center based scaling law in the far field. C1 [Carson, Robert A.] US Army, ARDEC, Benet Labs, Watervliet, NY 12189 USA. [Sahni, Onkar] Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Troy, NY USA. RP Carson, RA (reprint author), US Army, ARDEC, Benet Labs, Watervliet, NY 12189 USA. NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU DESTECH PUBLICATIONS, INC PI LANCASTER PA 439 DUKE STREET, LANCASTER, PA 17602-4967 USA BN 978-1-60595-317-5 PY 2016 BP 1745 EP 1762 PG 18 WC Mechanics; Physics, Applied SC Mechanics; Physics GA BG4OO UT WOS:000389021400192 ER PT J AU Ryan, S Li, HJ Edgerton, M Gallardy, D Cimpoeru, S AF Ryan, Shannon Li, Huijun Edgerton, Mark Gallardy, Denver Cimpoeru, Stephen BE Woodley, C Cullis, I TI BALLISTIC EVALUATION OF AN AUSTRALIAN ULTRA-HIGH HARDNESS STEEL SO 29TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON BALLISTICS, VOLS 1 AND 2 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 29th International Symposium on Ballistics CY MAY 09-13, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP Natl Def Ind Assoc, Int Ballist Soc AB The ballistic performance of an ultra-high hardness armour steel manufactured by Bisalloy Steels Pty Ltd, BIS UHH, has been evaluated for a range of thicknesses and obliquities against armour piercing (AP) and fragment simulating projectiles (FSPs). The performance of the material against AP projectiles was assessed against MIL-DTL-32332 and found to meet the Class 2 requirement for 7.62 mm APM2 projectiles and the Class 1 requirement for 12.7 mm APM2 projectiles. MIL-DTL-32332 specifies no performance requirement for FSPs. C1 [Ryan, Shannon; Cimpoeru, Stephen] Def Sci & Technol Grp, 506 Lorimer St, Melbourne, Vic 3207, Australia. [Li, Huijun] Univ Wollongong, Fac Engn & Informat Sci, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia. [Edgerton, Mark] Univ Queensland, Fac Engn Architecture & Informat Technol, St Lucia, Qld 4072, Australia. [Gallardy, Denver] US Army, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. [Li, Huijun] Def Mat Technol Ctr, 24 Wakefield St, Hawthorn, Vic 3122, Australia. RP Ryan, S (reprint author), Def Sci & Technol Grp, 506 Lorimer St, Melbourne, Vic 3207, Australia. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU DESTECH PUBLICATIONS, INC PI LANCASTER PA 439 DUKE STREET, LANCASTER, PA 17602-4967 USA BN 978-1-60595-317-5 PY 2016 BP 1773 EP 1778 PG 6 WC Mechanics; Physics, Applied SC Mechanics; Physics GA BG4OO UT WOS:000389021400194 ER PT J AU Talladay, TG Hameed, A Rickert, FC AF Talladay, Timothy G. Hameed, Amer Rickert, Frederick C. BE Woodley, C Cullis, I TI THE EFFECT OF INTER-TILE GAP ON ALUMINA-ALUMINUM PLATES IMPACTED BY A STEEL PROJECTILE SO 29TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON BALLISTICS, VOLS 1 AND 2 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 29th International Symposium on Ballistics CY MAY 09-13, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP Natl Def Ind Assoc, Int Ballist Soc ID PERFORMANCE; ARMORS AB The ballistic performance of the joint between two adjacent ceramic tiles is investigated. It is well known that the performance as such locations is worse due to lack of confinement. However, it is desirable to know the drop in performance as a function of the joint width. Experiments are presented in which aluminum oxide tiles backed by aluminum are impacted with hardened steel cylinders. Residual velocities and the state of perforating projectile were monitored with high speed camera. It was concluded that the performance drop was proportional to the increase in width of the seam. As the seam width increased the armor was less likely to fracture the projectile and the area of aluminum backing that is loaded by fractured ceramic was reduced. C1 [Talladay, Timothy G.; Rickert, Frederick C.] US Army Tank Automot Res Dev & Engn Ctr, 6501 E 11 Mile Rd, Warren, MI 48397 USA. [Talladay, Timothy G.; Hameed, Amer] Cranfield Univ, Def Acad United Kingdom, Swindon SN6 8LA, Wilts, England. RP Talladay, TG (reprint author), US Army Tank Automot Res Dev & Engn Ctr, 6501 E 11 Mile Rd, Warren, MI 48397 USA.; Talladay, TG (reprint author), Cranfield Univ, Def Acad United Kingdom, Swindon SN6 8LA, Wilts, England. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU DESTECH PUBLICATIONS, INC PI LANCASTER PA 439 DUKE STREET, LANCASTER, PA 17602-4967 USA BN 978-1-60595-317-5 PY 2016 BP 1886 EP 1896 PG 11 WC Mechanics; Physics, Applied SC Mechanics; Physics GA BG4OO UT WOS:000389021400206 ER PT J AU Hudspeth, M Zheng, J Chen, WN AF Hudspeth, Matthew Zheng, James Chen, Weinong BE Woodley, C Cullis, I TI THE EFFECT OF PROJECTILE NOSE GEOMETRY ON THE CRITICAL VELOCITY AND FAILURE MODE OF YARNS SUBJECTED TO TRANSVERSE IMPACT SO 29TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON BALLISTICS, VOLS 1 AND 2 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 29th International Symposium on Ballistics CY MAY 09-13, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP Natl Def Ind Assoc, Int Ballist Soc ID BALLISTIC IMPACT; PENETRATION; PANELS AB The effect of projectile nose geometry on the resulting critical velocity and failure mechanism of high-performance yarn is explored during single yarn transverse impact. Kevlar (R) KM2 yarns have been shot with three different projectile nose geometries, namely 0.30-cal round, 0.30-cal fragment simulation projectiles (FSP), and razor blades, at velocities surrounding the critical velocity required to initiate immediate yarn failure. In efforts to negate effects of wave interaction, strains developed at the experimental critical velocities are compared to quasi-static experiments designed to promote similar geometric loading conditions to those created during transverse impact. Additionally, above said critical velocities, strikes with 18-mm flat disc projectiles have been performed in efforts to ascertain the location of yarn failure at the initial stages of impact using high-speed imaging. C1 [Hudspeth, Matthew; Chen, Weinong] Purdue Univ, Sch Aeronaut & Astronaut, 701 W Stadium Ave, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. [Zheng, James] US Army, PM Soldier Protect & Individual Equipment, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. [Chen, Weinong] Purdue Univ, Sch Mat Engn, 701 W Stadium Ave, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Hudspeth, M (reprint author), Purdue Univ, Sch Aeronaut & Astronaut, 701 W Stadium Ave, W Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU DESTECH PUBLICATIONS, INC PI LANCASTER PA 439 DUKE STREET, LANCASTER, PA 17602-4967 USA BN 978-1-60595-317-5 PY 2016 BP 2205 EP 2214 PG 10 WC Mechanics; Physics, Applied SC Mechanics; Physics GA BG4OO UT WOS:000389021400240 ER PT J AU McFarlane, S AF McFarlane, Stephen BE Woodley, C Cullis, I TI CALIBER .50 BASELINE STUDY TERMINAL BALLISTIC PERFORMANCE SO 29TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON BALLISTICS, VOLS 1 AND 2 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 29th International Symposium on Ballistics CY MAY 09-13, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP Natl Def Ind Assoc, Int Ballist Soc AB Various evaluations were performed to baseline the terminal performance of .50 Cal Ammunition fielded by the US Military. These evaluations resulted in three distinct categories of performance; High performance Armor Piercing, General Armor Piercing, and General Ball. The sole member of the first category was the M903 Saboted Light Armor Penetrator (SLAP) cartridge due its superiority, when compared to all other cartridges, in penetrating hard targets at range. The General Armor Piercing category included the Mk211 Multi-Purpose Round, M8 Armor Piercing Incendiary (API), and Mk263 Armor Piercing cartridges. The final category, General Ball, consists of the M33 which was far less capable than other rounds. The study results provide an abundance of performance data that can serve as a basis to develop requirements for an improved family of caliber .50 ammunition as well as provide rational for reducing capability overlaps, bridging capability gaps, and eliminating or improving inferior performing products. C1 [McFarlane, Stephen] US Army RDECOM ARDEC, RDAR MEM I, Bldg 65N, Picatinny Arsenal, NJ 07806 USA. RP McFarlane, S (reprint author), US Army RDECOM ARDEC, RDAR MEM I, Bldg 65N, Picatinny Arsenal, NJ 07806 USA. NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU DESTECH PUBLICATIONS, INC PI LANCASTER PA 439 DUKE STREET, LANCASTER, PA 17602-4967 USA BN 978-1-60595-317-5 PY 2016 BP 2228 EP 2237 PG 10 WC Mechanics; Physics, Applied SC Mechanics; Physics GA BG4OO UT WOS:000389021400243 ER PT J AU Zhang, TG Satapathy, SS Vargas-Gonzalez, LR AF Zhang, Timothy G. Satapathy, Sikhanda S. Vargas-Gonzalez, Lionel R. BE Woodley, C Cullis, I TI BACK FACE DEFORMATION (BFD) RESPONSE COMPARISON BETWEEN KM2 AND HB80 FLAT PANELS SO 29TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON BALLISTICS, VOLS 1 AND 2 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 29th International Symposium on Ballistics CY MAY 09-13, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP Natl Def Ind Assoc, Int Ballist Soc ID BALLISTIC IMPACT AB A series of back face deformation (BFD) tests were conducted to characterize the ballistic response for both Ultra-High-Molecular-Weight Polyethylene (UHMWPE) and Kevlar flat panels impacted by steel spheres. Digital image correlation (DIC) was used to measure the dynamic back face deformation. Post-experiment computed tomography (CT) scans were conducted to characterize the failure of the composite panels. Similar BFD profiles and failure modes were observed for both UHMWPE and Kevlar panels. Numerical models were developed in LS-DYNA to study the ballistic response in both UHMWPE and Kevlar panels. Tied-contact with failure option was used between adjacent composite layers to simulate delamination failure. The time histories of BFD, delamination failure and depth of penetration are compared with the experimental data. C1 [Zhang, Timothy G.] TKC Global Inc, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. [Satapathy, Sikhanda S.; Vargas-Gonzalez, Lionel R.] US Army Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Zhang, TG (reprint author), TKC Global Inc, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU DESTECH PUBLICATIONS, INC PI LANCASTER PA 439 DUKE STREET, LANCASTER, PA 17602-4967 USA BN 978-1-60595-317-5 PY 2016 BP 2238 EP 2251 PG 14 WC Mechanics; Physics, Applied SC Mechanics; Physics GA BG4OO UT WOS:000389021400244 ER PT J AU Daniels, AS DeFisher, S Stunzenas, G Baker, EL Al-Shehab, N AF Daniels, A. S. DeFisher, S. Stunzenas, G. Baker, E. L. Al-Shehab, N. BE Woodley, C Cullis, I TI EVALUATION OF HELD'S CRITERIA ((VD)-D-2) VS. PENETRATION FOR A SMALL SHAPED CHARGE WARHEAD SO 29TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON BALLISTICS, VOLS 1 AND 2 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 29th International Symposium on Ballistics CY MAY 09-13, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP Natl Def Ind Assoc, Int Ballist Soc AB Rocket propelled and gun-launched grenades are a particular concern on the battlefield because of the severe reaction that occurs when a munition is impacted by a shaped charge jets. High-precision surrogates representing two groups of warheads were developed to provide repeatable results during Insensitive Munitions (IM) Shaped Charge Jet (SCJ) testing. The final results for the 81mm RPG surrogate, and the preliminary results for the 40mm gun-launched surrogate were previously reported at IBS. This paper describes the development and testing of a surrogate 40mm SC warhead and compares it to Held's initiation criteria commonly called (VD)-D-2. A combination of analytical and continuum hydrocode modeling was used to characterize the jets of the surrogate warheads, which were subsequently fired through aluminum stripper plates to erode jet mass and velocity to mimic the (VD)-D-2 of the actual threat.. Flash radiography was used to capture and evaluate the jets. Various thickness aluminum stripper plates were tested to determine the variation of (VD)-D-2 as a function of stripper plate thickness. C1 [Daniels, A. S.; DeFisher, S.; Stunzenas, G.; Baker, E. L.; Al-Shehab, N.] US Army, RDECOM ARDEC, Picatinny Arsenal, NJ 07806 USA. RP Daniels, AS (reprint author), US Army, RDECOM ARDEC, Picatinny Arsenal, NJ 07806 USA. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU DESTECH PUBLICATIONS, INC PI LANCASTER PA 439 DUKE STREET, LANCASTER, PA 17602-4967 USA BN 978-1-60595-317-5 PY 2016 BP 2343 EP 2354 PG 12 WC Mechanics; Physics, Applied SC Mechanics; Physics GA BG4OO UT WOS:000389021400255 ER PT J AU Jannotti, PA Subhash, G AF Jannotti, Phillip A. Subhash, Ghatu BE Woodley, C Cullis, I TI IMPACT RESPONSE OF ADVANCED TRANSPARENT MATERIALS SO 29TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON BALLISTICS, VOLS 1 AND 2 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 29th International Symposium on Ballistics CY MAY 09-13, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP Natl Def Ind Assoc, Int Ballist Soc ID CHEMICALLY STRENGTHENED GLASS; DYNAMIC INDENTATION RESPONSE; STRESS AB The demand for improved visibility in hostile environments requires materials with high transparency and superior impact resistance. Numerous materials satisfy the above requirements including transparent polymers (PMMA), polycrystalline glass ceramics (e.g., AlON, spinels, transparent Al2O3), single crystals sapphire, hardened glass, etc. In this study, an investigation into fracture behavior and fragmentation characteristics of three different classes of transparent materials, namely, single crystal sapphire, polycrystalline magnesium aluminate spinel, and amorphous strengthened glass with high residual surface compressive stress exceeding 1 GPa. The materials were examined to better understand the operative damage mechanisms during quasistatic and dynamic loading. Due to their inherently different structural features, the mechanisms of deformation under static and dynamic loads are vastly different. While high hardness has been considered as a dominant property that contributes to superior performance of any armor material, it is now recognized that it is not the only property that determines the resistance against an incoming projectile. A range of mechanisms including the tendency for mixed mode fracture, grain boundary shielding, and pulverization characteristics etc., act in favor of spinel, whereas propensity for fracture along preferred crystallographic planes contributes to inferior performance of sapphire. In the case of strengthened glass, large residual compressive stresses (up to 1 GPa) enable increased impact resistance. Finally, the energy dissipated in each of these failure modes is quantified to gain further insight into the mechanics of failure in these materials. C1 [Jannotti, Phillip A.] Univ Florida, Mech & Aerosp Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Jannotti, Phillip A.] US Army Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Jannotti, PA (reprint author), Univ Florida, Mech & Aerosp Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA.; Jannotti, PA (reprint author), US Army Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 5 PU DESTECH PUBLICATIONS, INC PI LANCASTER PA 439 DUKE STREET, LANCASTER, PA 17602-4967 USA BN 978-1-60595-317-5 PY 2016 BP 2424 EP 2434 PG 11 WC Mechanics; Physics, Applied SC Mechanics; Physics GA BG4OO UT WOS:000389021400263 ER PT J AU Bevan, MG Luong, QT Halls, VA Zheng, JQ AF Bevan, Matthew G. Luong, Quang T. Halls, Virginia A. Zheng, James Q. BE Woodley, C Cullis, I TI EFFECT OF 7.62MM ROUND MASS AND COMPOSITE ARMOR AREAL DENSITY ON CLAY BACKFACE DEFORMATION AND CLAY INTERNAL PRESSURE SO 29TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON BALLISTICS, VOLS 1 AND 2 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 29th International Symposium on Ballistics CY MAY 09-13, 2016 CL Edinburgh, SCOTLAND SP Natl Def Ind Assoc, Int Ballist Soc ID SELECTION AB A series of tests were conducted to measure the backface deformation (BFD) and associated peak pressures in clay due to non-perforating 7.62mm projectile impacts on composite body armor test panels. The range of rounds tested had no significant effect on the clay BFD. However, the different rounds had a statistically significant effect on the peak pressures measured. In contrast, for the range of armor areal densities measured, the areal density had a statistically significant effect on the clay BFD but did not have a statistically significant effect on the peak pressure measured. This difference between clay BFD and internal pressure response suggests that the clay BFD and peak pressure measure different characteristics of the impact event. C1 [Bevan, Matthew G.; Luong, Quang T.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, 11100 Johns Hopkins Rd, Laurel, MD 20905 USA. [Halls, Virginia A.; Zheng, James Q.] US Army, 9102 Iry Rd, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. RP Bevan, MG (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, 11100 Johns Hopkins Rd, Laurel, MD 20905 USA. EM Matthew.Bevan@jhuapl.edu NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU DESTECH PUBLICATIONS, INC PI LANCASTER PA 439 DUKE STREET, LANCASTER, PA 17602-4967 USA BN 978-1-60595-317-5 PY 2016 BP 2467 EP 2476 PG 10 WC Mechanics; Physics, Applied SC Mechanics; Physics GA BG4OO UT WOS:000389021400268 ER PT S AU Newsom, B Mittu, R Livingston, MA Russell, S Decker, JW Leadbetter, E Moskowitz, IS Gilliam, A Sibley, C Coyne, J Abramson, M AF Newsom, Benjamin Mittu, Ranjeev Livingston, Mark A. Russell, Stephen Decker, Jonathan W. Leadbetter, Eric Moskowitz, Ira S. Gilliam, Antonio Sibley, Ciara Coyne, Joseph Abramson, Myriam BE Snidaro, L Garcia, J Llinas, J Blasch, E TI Modeling User Behaviors to Enable Context-Aware Proactive Decision Support SO CONTEXT-ENHANCED INFORMATION FUSION: BOOSTING REAL-WORLD PERFORMANCE WITH DOMAIN KNOWLEDGE SE Advances in Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE Context-driven; Decision making; Dynamic modeling; Operational modality; Temporal reasoning AB The problem of automatically recognizing a user's operational context, the implications of its shifting properties, and reacting in a dynamic manner are at the core of mission intelligence and decision making. Environments such as the OZONE Widget Framework (http:// www. owfgoss. org) (OWF) provide the foundation for capturing the objectives, actions, and activities of both the mission analyst and the decision maker. By utilizing a "context container" that envelops an OZONE Application, we hypothesize that both user action and intent can be used to characterize user context with respect to operational modality (strategic, tactical, opportunistic, or random). As the analyst moves from one operational modality to another, we propose that information visualization techniques should adapt and present data and analysis pertinent to the new modality and to the trend of the shift. As a system captures the analyst's actions and decisions in response to the new visualizations, the context container has the opportunity to assess the analyst's perception of the information value, risk, uncertainty, prioritization, projection, and insight with respect to the current context stage. This paper will describe a conceptual architecture for an adaptive work environment for inferring user behavior and interaction within the OZONE framework, in order to provide the decision C1 [Newsom, Benjamin] Next Century Corp, 7075 Samuel Morse Dr, Columbia, MD 21046 USA. [Mittu, Ranjeev; Livingston, Mark A.; Decker, Jonathan W.; Leadbetter, Eric; Moskowitz, Ira S.; Gilliam, Antonio; Sibley, Ciara; Coyne, Joseph; Abramson, Myriam] Naval Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Russell, Stephen] Army Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Newsom, B (reprint author), Next Century Corp, 7075 Samuel Morse Dr, Columbia, MD 21046 USA. EM ben.newsom@nextcentury.com NR 55 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG LONDON LTD PI GODALMING PA SWEETAPPLE HOUSE CATTESHALL RD FARNCOMBE, GODALMING GU7 1NH, SURREY, ENGLAND SN 2191-6586 BN 978-3-319-28971-7; 978-3-319-28969-4 J9 ADV COMPUT VIS PATT PY 2016 BP 231 EP 267 DI 10.1007/978-3-319-28971-7_10 D2 10.1007/978-3-319-28971-7 PG 37 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence SC Computer Science GA BG2YJ UT WOS:000387776900011 ER PT S AU Fosbury, AM Crassidis, JL George, J AF Fosbury, Adam M. Crassidis, John L. George, Jemin BE Snidaro, L Garcia, J Llinas, J Blasch, E TI Contextual Tracking in Surface Applications: Algorithms and Design Examples SO CONTEXT-ENHANCED INFORMATION FUSION: BOOSTING REAL-WORLD PERFORMANCE WITH DOMAIN KNOWLEDGE SE Advances in Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE Contextual tracking; Trafficable; Kalman filtering; Contextual-based tracker (ConTracker) ID GROUND TARGET TRACKING; MODEL PARTICLE FILTER; MANEUVERING TARGETS; VARIABLE-STRUCTURE; KALMAN FILTER; IMM ALGORITHM; EM ALGORITHM; MULTIPLE; ESTIMATOR AB In this chapter, contextual information is discussed for improving tracking of surface vehicles. Contextual information generally involves any kind of information that is not related directly to kinematic sensor measurements. This information, termed trafficability, is used to incorporate constraints on the vehicle that ultimately deflect the tracks to areas that provide the highest trafficable regions. For example, local terrain slope, ground vegetation and other factors that put constraints on the vehicles can be considered as contextual information. Both kinematic sensor data and contextual information are tied into the overall tracker design through the use of trafficability maps. Two specific design examples are summarized in this chapter. The first example involves ground tracking of vehicles where the contextual information exploits terrain information to aid in the tracking. The second example involves a sea-based maritime application where the contextual information exploits depth, marked shipping channel locations, and high-value unit information as contextual information. Both examples show that the use contextual information can significantly improve tracking performance. C1 [Fosbury, Adam M.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Appl Phys Lab, Space Explorat Sect, Laurel, MD USA. [Crassidis, John L.] SUNY Buffalo, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Amherst, NY USA. [George, Jemin] US Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD USA. RP Crassidis, JL (reprint author), SUNY Buffalo, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Amherst, NY USA. EM Adam.Fosbury@jhuapl.edu; johnc@buffalo.edu; jemin.george.civ@mail.mil NR 71 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG LONDON LTD PI GODALMING PA SWEETAPPLE HOUSE CATTESHALL RD FARNCOMBE, GODALMING GU7 1NH, SURREY, ENGLAND SN 2191-6586 BN 978-3-319-28971-7; 978-3-319-28969-4 J9 ADV COMPUT VIS PATT PY 2016 BP 339 EP 379 DI 10.1007/978-3-319-28971-7_13 D2 10.1007/978-3-319-28971-7 PG 41 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence SC Computer Science GA BG2YJ UT WOS:000387776900014 ER PT S AU Gaquin, KG Fields, M AF Gaquin, Kevin G. Fields, MaryAnne BE Pellechia, MF Palaniappan, K Doucette, PJ Dockstader, SL Seetharaman, G TI Smart phone orientation estimation comparisons using three axis gimbal SO GEOSPATIAL INFORMATICS, FUSION, AND MOTION VIDEO ANALYTICS VI SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Geospatial Informatics, Fusion, and Motion Video Analytics VI CY APR 19-21, 2016 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE Smartphone; Attitude Estimation; Sensor Fusion; Orientation Estimation; Activity Classification Comparison; Gimbal; MARG AB Smartphones have put powerful sensor arrays in nearly everyone's pockets. Fusing the data from these sensors it is possible to estimate the phone's current orientation. In this study we utilize a 3 axis gimbal to compare the performance of multiple orientation estimation algorithms. Controlling the position of the gimbal allows us to compare the known device orientation to the estimated orientation. Using this same method we determine where each algorithm's faults lie, and where they begin to break down. Then repeating these movements we are able to compare each algorithm to each other. C1 [Gaquin, Kevin G.] Engility Corp, Bldg 1121B, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. [Fields, MaryAnne] Army Res Lab, Bldg 1120, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. RP Gaquin, KG (reprint author), Engility Corp, Bldg 1121B, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. EM kevin.g.gaquin.ctr@mail.mil NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0082-9 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9841 AR UNSP 984109 DI 10.1117/12.2228552 PG 11 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Geology; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BG4OW UT WOS:000389022100003 ER PT B AU Gunaratna, R AF Gunaratna, Rohan BE Chaliand, G Blin, A TI TERRORISM IN SOUTHEAST ASIA-THREAT AND RESPONSE SO HISTORY OF TERRORISM: FROM ANTIQUITY TO ISIS LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Gunaratna, Rohan] Nanyang Technol Univ, Secur Studies, S Rajaratnam Sch Int Studies, Singapore, Singapore. [Gunaratna, Rohan] Int Ctr Polit Violence & Terrorism Res, Singapore, Singapore. [Gunaratna, Rohan] Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN USA. [Gunaratna, Rohan] US Mil Acad, Combating Terrorism Ctr, West Point, NY USA. [Gunaratna, Rohan] Fletcher Sch Law & Diplomacy, Medford, MA 02155 USA. RP Gunaratna, R (reprint author), Nanyang Technol Univ, Secur Studies, S Rajaratnam Sch Int Studies, Singapore, Singapore.; Gunaratna, R (reprint author), Int Ctr Polit Violence & Terrorism Res, Singapore, Singapore. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CALIFORNIA PRESS PI OAKLAND PA 155 GRAND AVE, SUITE 400, OAKLAND, CA 94612-3758 USA BN 978-0-520-96600-0; 978-0-520-29250-5 PY 2016 BP 420 EP 434 PG 15 WC History; Political Science SC History; Government & Law GA BG3RA UT WOS:000388164900019 ER PT S AU Sensoy, M Kaplan, L de Mel, G AF Sensoy, Murat Kaplan, Lance de Mel, Geeth BE Baldoni, M Chopra, AK Son, TC Hirayama, K Torroni, P TI Semantic Reasoning with Uncertain Information from Unreliable Sources SO PRIMA 2016: PRINCIPLES AND PRACTICE OF MULTI-AGENT SYSTEMS SE Lecture Notes in Artificial Intelligence LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 19th International Conference on Principles and Practice of Multi-Agent Systems (PRIMA) CY AUG 22-26, 2016 CL Phuket, THAILAND SP Int Fdn Autonomous Agents & Multiagent Syst, Artificial Intelligence ID DESCRIPTION LOGICS; TRUST; WEB AB Intelligent software agents may significantly benefit from semantic reasoning. However, existing semantic reasoners are based on Description Logics, which cannot handle vague, incomplete, and unreliable knowledge. In this paper, we propose SDL-Lite which extends DL-Lite(R) with subjective opinions to represent uncertainty in knowledge. We directly incorporate trust into the reasoning so that the inconsistencies in the knowledge can be resolved based on trust evidence analysis. Therefore, the proposed logic can handle uncertain information from unreliable sources. We demonstrate how SDL-Lite can be used for semantic fusion of uncertain information from unreliable sources and show that SDL-Lite reasoner can estimate the ground truth with a minimal error. C1 [Sensoy, Murat] Ozyegin Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Istanbul, Turkey. [Kaplan, Lance] US Army, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. [de Mel, Geeth] IBM TJ Watson Res Ctr, Hawthorne, NY USA. RP Sensoy, M (reprint author), Ozyegin Univ, Dept Comp Sci, Istanbul, Turkey. EM murat.sensoy@ozyegin.edu.tr NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPRINGER INT PUBLISHING AG PI CHAM PA GEWERBESTRASSE 11, CHAM, CH-6330, SWITZERLAND SN 0302-9743 BN 978-3-319-44832-9; 978-3-319-44831-2 J9 LECT NOTES ARTIF INT PY 2016 VL 9862 BP 92 EP 109 DI 10.1007/978-3-319-44832-9_6 PG 18 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BG4GF UT WOS:000388796200006 ER PT S AU Blasch, E Kadar, I Chong, CY Steinberg, A Mahler, RPS Yang, SJ Fenstermacher, LH Chang, AL Tandy, P AF Blasch, Erik Kadar, Ivan Chong, Chee-Yee Steinberg, Alan Mahler, Ronald P. S. Yang, Shanchieh Jay Fenstermacher, Laurie H. Chang, Alex L. Tandy, Paul BE Kadar, I TI Issues and Challenges of the Applications of Context to Enhance Information Fusion, Panel Summary SO SIGNAL PROCESSING, SENSOR/INFORMATION FUSION, AND TARGET RECOGNITION XXV SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Signal Processing, Sensor/Information Fusion, and Target Recognition XXV CY APR 18-20, 2016 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE Context enhanced information fusion; context management; factor graphs; situation assessment; probabilistic models; target-tracking and recognition; etic/emic perspectives; sensemaking; discourse analysis; network attack analysis AB During the 2016 SPIE DSS conference, nine panelists were invited to highlight the trends and use of context for information fusion. This paper highlights the common issues and trends presented from the panel discussion. The different panelists highlighted methods of filtering methods, data aggregation, and the importance of context for real-time analytics. Using the panelist perspectives, the review organizes the common issues and themes as well areas of future analysis of content and context enrichment from information fusion. C1 [Blasch, Erik] Air Force Res Lab, Informat Directorate, Rome, NY 13441 USA. [Kadar, Ivan] Interlink Syst Sci Inc, 1979 Marcus Ave, Lake Success, NY 11042 USA. [Chong, Chee-Yee] POB 4082, Los Altos, CA 94024 USA. [Steinberg, Alan] 2568 Fox Ridge Ct, Woodbridge, VA 22192 USA. [Mahler, Ronald P. S.] Random Sets LLC, 1459 Pond Wynde North, Eagan, MN 55122 USA. [Yang, Shanchieh Jay] Rochester Inst Technol, Dept Comp Engn, 83 Lomb Mem Dr, Rochester, NY 14623 USA. [Fenstermacher, Laurie H.] Air Force Res Lab, 711 HPW RHXM,2255 H St, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Chang, Alex L.] US Army, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. [Tandy, Paul] Def Threat Reduct Agcy, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. RP Blasch, E (reprint author), Air Force Res Lab, Informat Directorate, Rome, NY 13441 USA. NR 93 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0083-6 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9842 AR UNSP 98420L DI 10.1117/12.2224029 PG 21 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics SC Engineering; Optics GA BG4NS UT WOS:000389019300023 ER PT S AU Doul, W George, J Kaplan, L Osborne, RW Bar-Shalom, Y AF Doul, Wenbo George, Jemin Kaplan, Lance Osborne, Richard W., III Bar-Shalom, Yaakov BE Kadar, I TI Assignment and EM Approaches for Passive Localization of Multiple Transient Emitters SO SIGNAL PROCESSING, SENSOR/INFORMATION FUSION, AND TARGET RECOGNITION XXV SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Signal Processing, Sensor/Information Fusion, and Target Recognition XXV CY APR 18-20, 2016 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE Multiple target localization; data association; data fusion; transient measurements; passive sensors ID DATA ASSOCIATION; ALGORITHM; TRACKING AB This paper investigates the problem of localizing an unknown number of transient emitters using a network of passive sensors measuring angles of arrival in the presence of missed detections and false alarms. It is assumed that measurements within a certain time window of interest have to be associated before they can be fused to estimate the emitter locations. Two measurement models either that any target can generate at most one measurement per sensor or that any target can generate several measurements per sensor are possible within this time window. These two measurement models lead to two different problem formulations: one is an S-D assignment problem and the other is a cardinality selection problem. The S-D assignment problem can be solved by the Lagrangian relaxation algorithm efficiently with a high degree of accuracy when a small number of sensors are used. The sequential m-best 2-D assignment algorithm, which is resistant to the ghosting problem due to the estimation of the emitter signal's emission time, is developed to solve the problem when the number of sensors becomes large. Simulation results show that the sequential m-best 2-D assignment algorithm is suitable for real time processing with reliable associations and estimates. The cardinality selection formulation models a list of measurements as a Poisson point process and is solved by applying the expectation-maximization (EM) algorithm and an information criterion. The convergence of the EM algorithm to the desired global maximum needs an initialization, which is close to the truth. Localization using passive sensors makes it difficult to obtain such an initial estimate. An assignment-based initialization approach is therefore presented. Simulation studies showed that the EM algorithm based on the assignment initialization is able to estimate the number of targets, target locations and directions with a high degree of accuracy. C1 [Doul, Wenbo; Osborne, Richard W., III; Bar-Shalom, Yaakov] Univ Connecticut, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. [George, Jemin; Kaplan, Lance] US Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD USA. RP Doul, W (reprint author), Univ Connecticut, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0083-6 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9842 AR UNSP 984206 DI 10.1117/12.2238767 PG 15 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics SC Engineering; Optics GA BG4NS UT WOS:000389019300012 ER PT S AU Gordon, C Acosta, M Short, N Hu, SW Chan, AL AF Gordon, Christopher Acosta, Mark Short, Nathan Hu, Shuowen Chan, Alex L. BE Kadar, I TI Towards Automated Face Detection in Thermal and Polarimetric Thermal Imagery SO SIGNAL PROCESSING, SENSOR/INFORMATION FUSION, AND TARGET RECOGNITION XXV SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Signal Processing, Sensor/Information Fusion, and Target Recognition XXV CY APR 18-20, 2016 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE Polarimetric; Thermal Imagery; Difference of Gaussians; histogram of oriented gradients; multi-modal ID RECOGNITION AB Visible spectrum face detection algorithms perform pretty reliably under controlled lighting conditions. However, variations in illumination and application of cosmetics can distort the features used by common face detectors, thereby degrade their detection performance. Thermal and polarimetric thermal facial imaging are relatively invariant to illumination and robust to the application of makeup, due to their measurement of emitted radiation instead of reflected light signals. The objective of this work is to evaluate a government off-the-shelf wavelet based naive-Bayes face detection algorithm and a commercial off-the-shelf Viola-Jones cascade face detection algorithm on face imagery acquired in different spectral bands. New classifiers were trained using the Viola-Jones cascade object detection framework with preprocessed facial imagery. Preprocessing using Difference of Gaussians (DoG) filtering reduces the modality gap between facial signatures across the different spectral bands, thus enabling more correlated histogram of oriented gradients (HOG) features to be extracted from the preprocessed thermal and visible face images. Since the availability of training data is much more limited in the thermal spectrum than in the visible spectrum, it is not feasible to train a robust multi-modal face detector using thermal imagery alone. A large training dataset was constituted with DoG filtered visible and thermal imagery, which was subsequently used to generate a custom trained Viola-Jones detector. A 40% increase in face detection rate was achieved on a testing dataset, as compared to the performance of a pre-trained/baseline face detector. Insights gained in this research are valuable in the development of more robust multi-modal face detectors. C1 [Gordon, Christopher] Catholic Univ Amer, 620 Michigan Ave NE, Washington, DC 20064 USA. [Acosta, Mark] Univ Delaware, 189 West Main St, Newark, DE 19716 USA. [Short, Nathan] Booz Allen Hamilton Inc, 8283 Greensboro Dr, Mclean, VA 22102 USA. [Hu, Shuowen; Chan, Alex L.] US Army Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Gordon, C (reprint author), Catholic Univ Amer, 620 Michigan Ave NE, Washington, DC 20064 USA. NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0083-6 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9842 AR UNSP 984212 DI 10.1117/12.2222578 PG 12 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics SC Engineering; Optics GA BG4NS UT WOS:000389019300036 ER PT S AU Shirkhodaie, A Poshtyar, A Chan, A Hu, SW AF Shirkhodaie, Amir Poshtyar, Azin Chan, Alex Hu, Shuowen BE Kadar, I TI Skin Subspace Color Modeling for Daytime and Nighttime Group Activity Recognition in Confined Operational Spaces SO SIGNAL PROCESSING, SENSOR/INFORMATION FUSION, AND TARGET RECOGNITION XXV SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Signal Processing, Sensor/Information Fusion, and Target Recognition XXV CY APR 18-20, 2016 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE Skin Color Space Modeling; Daytime and Nighttime; In-Vehicle Group Activity Recognition; Confined Operational Spaces ID SEGMENTATION AB In many military and homeland security persistent surveillance applications, accurate detection of different skin colors in varying observability and illumination conditions is a valuable capability for video analytics. One of those applications is In-Vehicle Group Activity (IVGA) recognition, in which significant changes in observability and illumination may occur during the course of a specific human group activity of interest. Most of the existing skin color detection algorithms, however, are unable to perform satisfactorily in confined operational spaces with partial observability and occultation, as well as under diverse and changing levels of illumination intensity, reflection, and diffraction. In this paper, we investigate the salient features of ten popular color spaces for skin subspace color modeling. More specifically, we examine the advantages and disadvantages of each of these color spaces, as well as the stability and suitability of their features in differentiating skin colors under various illumination conditions. The salient features of different color subspaces are methodically discussed and graphically presented. Furthermore, we present robust and adaptive algorithms for skin color detection based on this analysis. Through examples, we demonstrate the efficiency and effectiveness of these new color skin detection algorithms and discuss their applicability for skin detection in IVGA recognition applications. C1 [Shirkhodaie, Amir; Poshtyar, Azin] Tennessee State Univ, Ctr Excellence Battlefield Sensor Fus, Dept Mech & Mfg Engn, 3500 John Merritt Blvd, Nashville, TN 37209 USA. [Chan, Alex; Hu, Shuowen] US Army Res Lab, Image Proc Branch, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Shirkhodaie, A (reprint author), Tennessee State Univ, Ctr Excellence Battlefield Sensor Fus, Dept Mech & Mfg Engn, 3500 John Merritt Blvd, Nashville, TN 37209 USA. NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0083-6 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9842 AR UNSP 984213 DI 10.1117/12.2226026 PG 12 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics SC Engineering; Optics GA BG4NS UT WOS:000389019300037 ER PT S AU Shirkhodaie, A Chan, A Hu, SW AF Shirkhodaie, Amir Chan, Alex Hu, Shuowen BE Kadar, I TI Hand Gestures Recognition in Confined Spaces with Partial Observability and Occultation Constraints SO SIGNAL PROCESSING, SENSOR/INFORMATION FUSION, AND TARGET RECOGNITION XXV SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Signal Processing, Sensor/Information Fusion, and Target Recognition XXV CY APR 18-20, 2016 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE Hand Gesture Recognition; Confined Spaces; Partial Observability Obstruction; Occultation Constraints; Taxonomy and Ontology; Bayesian Hidden Markov Model for Tracking AB Human activity detection and recognition capabilities have broad applications for military and homeland security. These tasks are very complicated, however, especially when multiple persons are performing concurrent activities in confined spaces that impose significant obstruction, occultation, and observability uncertainty. In this paper, our primary contribution is to present a dedicated taxonomy and kinematic ontology that are developed for in-vehicle group human activities (IVGA). Secondly, we describe a set of hand-observable patterns that represents certain IVGA examples. Thirdly, we propose two classifiers for hand gesture recognition and compare their performance individually and jointly. Finally, we present a variant of Hidden Markov Model for Bayesian tracking, recognition, and annotation of hand motions, which enables spatiotemporal inference to human group activity perception and understanding. To validate our approach, synthetic (graphical data from virtual environment) and real physical environment video imagery are employed to verify the performance of these hand gesture classifiers, while measuring their efficiency and effectiveness based on the proposed Hidden Markov Model for tracking and interpreting dynamic spatiotemporal IVGA scenarios. C1 [Shirkhodaie, Amir] Tennessee State Univ, Ctr Excellence Battlefield Senor Fus, Dept Mech & Mfg Engn, 3500 John Merritt Blvd, Nashville, TN 37209 USA. [Chan, Alex; Hu, Shuowen] US Army Res Lab, Image Proc Branch, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Shirkhodaie, A (reprint author), Tennessee State Univ, Ctr Excellence Battlefield Senor Fus, Dept Mech & Mfg Engn, 3500 John Merritt Blvd, Nashville, TN 37209 USA. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0083-6 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9842 AR UNSP 984214 DI 10.1117/12.2226024 PG 12 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics SC Engineering; Optics GA BG4NS UT WOS:000389019300038 ER PT S AU Shirkhodaie, A Telagamsetti, D Poshtyar, A Chan, A Hu, SW AF Shirkhodaie, Amir Telagamsetti, Durga Poshtyar, Azin Chan, Alex Hu, Shuowen BE Kadar, I TI In-Vehicle Group Activity Modeling and Simulation in Sensor-based Virtual Environment SO SIGNAL PROCESSING, SENSOR/INFORMATION FUSION, AND TARGET RECOGNITION XXV SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Signal Processing, Sensor/Information Fusion, and Target Recognition XXV CY APR 18-20, 2016 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE In-Vehicle Group Activity; Modeling and Simulation; Sensor-based Virtual Environment; Activity Pattern Recognition; Hidden Markov Modeling AB Human group activity recognition is a very complex and challenging task, especially for Partially Observable Group Activities (POGA) that occur in confined spaces with limited visual observability and often under severe occultation. In this paper, we present IRIS Virtual Environment Simulation Model (VESM) for the modeling and simulation of dynamic POGA. More specifically, we address sensor-based modeling and simulation of a specific category of POGA, called In-Vehicle Group Activities (IVGA). In VESM, human-alike animated characters, called humanoids, are employed to simulate complex in-vehicle group activities within the confined space of a modeled vehicle. Each articulated humanoid is kinematically modeled with comparable physical attributes and appearances that are linkable to its human counterpart. Each humanoid exhibits harmonious full-body motion - simulating human-like gestures and postures, facial impressions, and hands motions for coordinated dexterity. VESM facilitates the creation of interactive scenarios consisting of multiple humanoids with different personalities and intentions, which are capable of performing complicated human activities within the confined space inside a typical vehicle. In this paper, we demonstrate the efficiency and effectiveness of VESM in terms of its capabilities to seamlessly generate time-synchronized, multi-source, and correlated imagery datasets of IVGA, which are useful for the training and testing of multi-source full-motion video processing and annotation. Furthermore, we demonstrate full-motion video processing of such simulated scenarios under different operational contextual constraints. C1 [Shirkhodaie, Amir; Telagamsetti, Durga; Poshtyar, Azin] Tennessee State Univ, Ctr Excellence Battlefield Sensor Fus, Dept Mech & Mfg Engn, 3500 John Merritt Blvd, Nashville, TN 37209 USA. [Chan, Alex; Hu, Shuowen] US Army Res Lab, Image Proc Branch, 2800 Power Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Shirkhodaie, A (reprint author), Tennessee State Univ, Ctr Excellence Battlefield Sensor Fus, Dept Mech & Mfg Engn, 3500 John Merritt Blvd, Nashville, TN 37209 USA. NR 32 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0083-6 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9842 AR UNSP 984215 DI 10.1117/12.2226029 PG 12 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics SC Engineering; Optics GA BG4NS UT WOS:000389019300039 ER PT B AU Trumbach, CC McKesson, C Ghandehari, P DeCan, L Eslinger, O AF Trumbach, Cherie Courseault McKesson, Christopher Ghandehari, Parisa DeCan, Lawrence Eslinger, Owen BE Daim, TU Chiavetta, D Porter, AL Saritas, O TI Innovation and Design Process Ontology SO ANTICIPATING FUTURE INNOVATION PATHWAYS THROUGH LARGE DATA ANALYSIS SE Innovation Technology and Knowledge Management LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE Design process; Ontologies; Text data mining; Ship design ID METHODOLOGY; TECHNOLOGY; KNOWLEDGE; MODEL AB Many domain-specific ontologies exist. These ontologies are used in text mining processes to better understand text that is available within the specific domain. Example domains include specific business areas such as marketing or functional areas such as particular types of operations within the intelligence community. This paper makes a step toward developing a broad ontology for the innovation and design process as a domain. Such an ontology can be used to better understand the discussion that takes places in the design and development of new innovations and can be used to better understand the influences on that development. In many cases, the success, failure, or final path of a new innovation may not rest upon its technical merits but on the non-technical influences during the design and development process such as political influences. This paper uses examples within the shipbuilding domain in order to take steps toward building an Innovation and Design Process Ontology that can be applied to the Forecasting Innovation Pathways (FIP) framework as a means of capturing and understanding the influences on the technology delivery system. C1 [Trumbach, Cherie Courseault; Ghandehari, Parisa; DeCan, Lawrence] Univ New Orleans, Sch Naval Architecture & Marine Engn, 2000 Lakeshore Dr, Orleans, LA 70148 USA. [McKesson, Christopher] Univ British Columbia, Dept Mech Engn, 2050-6250 Appl Sci Lane, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z4, Canada. [Eslinger, Owen] US Army Engn Res & Dev Ctr, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Trumbach, CC (reprint author), Univ New Orleans, Sch Naval Architecture & Marine Engn, 2000 Lakeshore Dr, Orleans, LA 70148 USA. EM ctrumbac@uno.edu NR 33 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER INT PUBLISHING AG PI CHAM PA GEWERBESTRASSE 11, CHAM, CH-6330, SWITZERLAND BN 978-3-319-39056-7; 978-3-319-39054-3 J9 INNOV TECH KNOWL MAN PY 2016 BP 133 EP 151 DI 10.1007/978-3-319-39056-7_8 D2 10.1007/978-3-319-39056-7 PG 19 WC Business, Finance; Economics; Management SC Business & Economics GA BG2TA UT WOS:000387676600010 ER PT J AU Darakjian, A Darakjian, AB Chang, ET Camacho, M AF Darakjian, Ara Darakjian, Ani B. Chang, Edward T. Camacho, Macario TI Refractory Obstructive Sleep Apnea in a Patient with Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal Hyperostosis SO CASE REPORTS IN OTOLARYNGOLOGY LA English DT Article ID AIRWAY; DISH; METAANALYSIS; ADHERENCE; DYSPHAGIA; ADULTS AB Diffuse Idiopathic Skeletal Hyperostosis (DISH) can cause ossification of ligaments and may affect the spine. We report a case of obstructive sleep apnea in a patient with significant upper airway narrowing secondary to cervical DISH. This patient had an initial apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) of 145 events/hour and was treated with uvulopalatopharyngoplasty, genial tubercle advancement, hyoid suspension, septoplasty, inferior turbinoplasties, and radiofrequency ablations to the tongue base which reduced his AHI to 40 events/hour. He redeveloped symptoms, was started on positive airway pressure (PAP) therapy, and later underwent a maxillomandibular advancement which improved his AHI to 16.3 events/hour. A few years later his AHI was 100.4 events/hour. His disease has gradually progressed over time and he was restarted on PAP therapy. Despite PAP titration, years of using PAP therapy, and being 100 percent compliant for the past three months (average daily use of 7.6 hours/night), he has an AHI of 5.1 events/hour and has persistent hypersomnia with an Epworth Sleep Scale questionnaire score of 18/24. At this time he is pending further hypersomnia work-up. DISH patients require prolonged follow-up to monitor the progression of disease, and they may require unconventional measures for adequate treatment of obstructive sleep apnea. C1 [Darakjian, Ara] Keck Sch Med, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, 1975 Zonal Ave, Los Angeles, CA 90033 USA. [Darakjian, Ani B.] Southern Calif Permanente Med Grp, Dept Radiol, 4867 W Sunset Blvd, Los Angeles, CA 90027 USA. [Chang, Edward T.; Camacho, Macario] Tripler Army Med Ctr, Div Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, 1 JarrettWhite Rd, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. [Camacho, Macario] Stanford Hosp & Clin, Sleep Med Div, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, 450 Broadway St,Pavill B, Redwood City, CA 94063 USA. RP Camacho, M (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, Div Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, 1 JarrettWhite Rd, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA.; Camacho, M (reprint author), Stanford Hosp & Clin, Sleep Med Div, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, 450 Broadway St,Pavill B, Redwood City, CA 94063 USA. EM drcamachoent@yahoo.com OI Camacho, Macario/0000-0001-9200-9085 NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU HINDAWI PUBLISHING CORP PI NEW YORK PA 315 MADISON AVE 3RD FLR, STE 3070, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2090-6765 EI 2090-6773 J9 CASE REP OTOLARYNGOL JI Case Rep. Otolaryngol. PY 2016 AR 4906863 DI 10.1155/2016/4906863 PG 3 WC Otorhinolaryngology SC Otorhinolaryngology GA EC8PS UT WOS:000388405200001 ER PT J AU Moore, CJ Conley, DA Berry-Caban, CS Flanagan, RP AF Moore, Clint J. Conley, Devan A. Berry-Caban, Cristobal S. Flanagan, Ryan P. TI Severe Hiatal Hernia as a Cause of Failure to Thrive Discovered by Transthoracic Echocardiogram SO CASE REPORTS IN PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article ID GASTROESOPHAGEAL-REFLUX AB A newborn infant with failure to thrive presented for murmur evaluation on day of life three due to a harsh 3/6 murmur. During the evaluation, a retrocardiac fluid filled mass was seen by transthoracic echocardiogram. The infant was also found to have a ventricular septal defect and partial anomalous pulmonary venous return. Eventually, a large hiatal hernia was diagnosed on subsequent imaging. The infant ultimately underwent surgical repair of the hiatal hernia at a tertiary care facility. Hiatal hernias have been noted as incidental extracardiac findings in adults, but no previous literature has documented hiatal hernias as incidental findings in the pediatric population. C1 [Moore, Clint J.; Conley, Devan A.; Berry-Caban, Cristobal S.; Flanagan, Ryan P.] Womack Army Med Ctr, Ft Bragg, NC 28310 USA. RP Flanagan, RP (reprint author), Womack Army Med Ctr, Ft Bragg, NC 28310 USA. EM ryan.p.flanagan2.mil@mail.mil NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU HINDAWI PUBLISHING CORP PI NEW YORK PA 315 MADISON AVE 3RD FLR, STE 3070, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2090-6803 EI 2090-6811 J9 CASE REP PEDIAT JI Case Rep. Pediat. PY 2016 AR 3821470 DI 10.1155/2016/3821470 PG 3 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA EC8GF UT WOS:000388378800001 ER PT S AU Harrison, A Mullins, LL Raglin, A Etienne-Cummings, R AF Harrison, Andre Mullins, Linda L. Raglin, Adrienne Etienne-Cummings, Ralph BE Broome, BD Hanratty, TP Hall, DL Llinas, J TI Enhancing visual perception through tone mapping SO NEXT-GENERATION ANALYST IV SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Next-Generation Analyst IV CY APR 18-19, 2016 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE high dynamic range; tone mapping operators; visual perception; pairwise comparison; image processing ID HIGH-CONTRAST SCENES; CMOS IMAGE SENSOR; DYNAMIC-RANGE; REPRODUCTION; DISPLAY; ALGORITHMS AB Tone mapping operators compress high dynamic range images to improve the picture quality on a digital display when the dynamic range of the display is lower than that of the image. However, tone mapping operators have been largely designed and evaluated based on the aesthetic quality of the resulting displayed image or how perceptually similar the compressed image appears relative to the original scene. They also often require per image tuning of parameters depending on the content of the image. In military operations, however, the amount of information that can be perceived is more important than the aesthetic quality of the image and any parameter adjustment needs to be as automated as possible regardless of the content of the image. We have conducted two studies to evaluate the perceivable detail of a set of tone mapping algorithms, and we apply our findings to develop and test an automated tone mapping algorithm that demonstrates a consistent improvement in the amount of perceived detail. An automated, and thereby predictable, tone mapping method enables a consistent presentation of perceivable features, can reduce the bandwidth required to transmit the imagery, and can improve the accessibility of the data by reducing the needed expertise of the analyst(s) viewing the imagery. C1 [Harrison, Andre; Mullins, Linda L.; Raglin, Adrienne] US Army Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. [Etienne-Cummings, Ralph] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, 105 Barton Hall,3400 N Charles St, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. RP Harrison, A (reprint author), US Army Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM andre.v.harrison2.ctr@mail.mil NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0092-8 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9851 AR UNSP 98510U DI 10.1117/12.2230873 PG 12 WC Optics SC Optics GA BG3ZY UT WOS:000388441000027 ER PT S AU James, A Hanratty, TP Tuttle, DC Coles, JB AF James, Alex Hanratty, Timothy P. Tuttle, Daniel C. Coles, John B. BE Broome, BD Hanratty, TP Hall, DL Llinas, J TI Agent Based Modeling in Tactical Wargaming SO NEXT-GENERATION ANALYST IV SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Next-Generation Analyst IV CY APR 18-19, 2016 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE Agent Based Modeling; Wargaming; Rigor; Army MDMP; Human Domain; Social Cognitive Theory; Risk Management; Sensemaking AB Army staffs at division, brigade, and battalion levels often plan for contingency operations. As such, analysts consider the impact and potential consequences of actions taken. The Army Military Decision-Making Process (MDMP) dictates identification and evaluation of possible enemy courses of action; however, non-state actors often do not exhibit the same level and consistency of planned actions that the MDMP was originally designed to anticipate. The fourth MDMP step is a particular challenge, wargaming courses of action within the context of complex social-cultural behaviors. Agent-based Modeling (ABM) and its resulting emergent behavior is a potential solution to model terrain in terms of the human domain and improve the results and rigor of the traditional wargaming process. C1 [James, Alex; Coles, John B.] CUBRC, 4455 Genesee St, Buffalo, NY 14225 USA. [Hanratty, Timothy P.] US Army, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. [Tuttle, Daniel C.] US Army, Intelligence Ctr Excellence, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP James, A (reprint author), CUBRC, 4455 Genesee St, Buffalo, NY 14225 USA. EM james@cubrc.org NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0092-8 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9851 AR UNSP 985106 DI 10.1117/12.2230916 PG 16 WC Optics SC Optics GA BG3ZY UT WOS:000388441000005 ER PT S AU Juhlin, JA Richardson, J AF Juhlin, Jonas Alastair Richardson, John BE Broome, BD Hanratty, TP Hall, DL Llinas, J TI Social Media for Intelligence: Practical Examples of Analysis for Understanding SO NEXT-GENERATION ANALYST IV SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Next-Generation Analyst IV CY APR 18-19, 2016 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE Social Media Intelligence AB Social media has become a dominating feature in modern life. Platforms like Facebook, Twitter, and Google have users all over the world. People from all walks of life use social media. For the intelligence services, social media is an element that cannot be ignored. It holds immense amount of information, and the potential to extract useful intelligence cannot be ignored. Social media has been around for sufficient time that most intelligence services recognize the fact that social media needs some form of attention. However, for the intelligence collector and analyst several aspects must be uncovered in order to fully exploit social media for intelligence purposes. This paper will present Project Avatar, an experiment in obtaining effective intelligence from social media sources, and several emerging analytic techniques to expand the intelligence gathered from these sources. C1 [Juhlin, Jonas Alastair] Royal Danish Def Coll, Copenhagen, Denmark. [Richardson, John] US Army Res Lab, Computat & Informat Sci Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. RP Juhlin, JA (reprint author), Royal Danish Def Coll, Copenhagen, Denmark. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0092-8 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9851 AR UNSP 98510I DI 10.1117/12.2242536 PG 11 WC Optics SC Optics GA BG3ZY UT WOS:000388441000016 ER PT S AU Kase, SE Vanni, M Knight, JA Su, Y Yan, XF AF Kase, Sue E. Vanni, Michelle Knight, Joanne A. Su, Yu Yan, Xifeng BE Broome, BD Hanratty, TP Hall, DL Llinas, J TI Visual graph query formulation and exploration: A new perspective on information retrieval at the edge SO NEXT-GENERATION ANALYST IV SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Next-Generation Analyst IV CY APR 18-19, 2016 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE intelligence analysis; OSINT; schemaless graph querying; keyword query; graph databases AB Within operational environments decisions must be made quickly based on the information available. Identifying an appropriate knowledge base and accurately formulating a search query are critical tasks for decision-making effectiveness in dynamic situations. The spreading of graph data management tools to access large graph databases is a rapidly emerging research area of potential benefit to the intelligence community. A graph representation provides a natural way of modeling data in a wide variety of domains. Graph structures use nodes, edges, and properties to represent and store data. This research investigates the advantages of information search by graph query initiated by the analyst and interactively refined within the contextual dimensions of the answer space toward a solution. The paper introduces SLQ, a user-friendly graph querying system enabling the visual formulation of schemaless and structureless graph queries. SLQ is demonstrated with an intelligence analyst information search scenario focused on identifying individuals responsible for manufacturing a mosquito-hosted deadly virus. The scenario highlights the interactive construction of graph queries without prior training in complex query languages or graph databases, intuitive navigation through the problem space, and visualization of results in graphical format. C1 [Kase, Sue E.; Vanni, Michelle] US Army, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. [Knight, Joanne A.] Commun Elect Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. [Su, Yu; Yan, Xifeng] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. RP Kase, SE (reprint author), US Army, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. EM sue.e.kase.civ@mail.mil; michelle.t.vannia.civ@mail.mil; joanne.a.knight.civ@mail.mil; ysu@cs.ucsb.edu; xyan@cs.ucsb.edu NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0092-8 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9851 AR UNSP 985104 DI 10.1117/12.2228380 PG 13 WC Optics SC Optics GA BG3ZY UT WOS:000388441000003 ER PT S AU Michaelis, JR AF Michaelis, James R. BE Broome, BD Hanratty, TP Hall, DL Llinas, J TI Classification of User Interfaces for Graph-based Online Analytical Processing SO NEXT-GENERATION ANALYST IV SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Next-Generation Analyst IV CY APR 18-19, 2016 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE OLAP; Multidimensional Analysis; Analytic Hierarchy Process; Semantic Web; User Interfaces ID HIERARCHY PROCESS AB In the domain of business intelligence, user-oriented software for conducting multidimensional analysis via Online Analytical Processing (OLAP) is now commonplace. In this setting, datasets commonly have well-defined sets of dimensions and measures around which analysis tasks can be conducted. However, many forms of data used in intelligence operations - deriving from social networks, online communications, and text corpora - will consist of graphs with varying forms of potential dimensional structure. Hence, enabling OLAP over such data collections requires explicit definition and extraction of supporting dimensions and measures. Further, as Graph OLAP remains an emerging technique, limited research has been done on its user interface requirements. Namely, on effective pairing of interface designs to different types of graph-derived dimensions and measures. This paper presents a novel technique for pairing of user interface designs to Graph OLAP datasets, rooted in Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) driven comparisons. Attributes of the classification strategy are encoded through an AHP ontology, developed in our alternate work and extended to support pairwise comparison of interfaces. Specifically, according to their ability - as perceived by Subject Matter Experts - to support dimensions and measures corresponding to Graph OLAP dataset attributes. To frame this discussion, a survey is provided both on existing variations of Graph OLAP, as well as existing interface designs previously applied in multidimensional analysis settings. Following this, a review of our AHP ontology is provided, along with a listing of corresponding dataset and interface attributes applicable toward SME recommendation structuring. A walkthrough of AHP-based recommendation encoding via the ontology-based approach is then provided. The paper concludes with a short summary of proposed future directions seen as essential for this research area. C1 [Michaelis, James R.] US Army Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Michaelis, JR (reprint author), US Army Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0092-8 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9851 AR UNSP 98510P DI 10.1117/12.2224129 PG 13 WC Optics SC Optics GA BG3ZY UT WOS:000388441000023 ER PT S AU Michaelis, JR AF Michaelis, James R. BE Broome, BD Hanratty, TP Hall, DL Llinas, J TI Enabling Task-based Information Prioritization via Semantic Web Encodings SO NEXT-GENERATION ANALYST IV SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Next-Generation Analyst IV CY APR 18-19, 2016 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP); Quality of Information (QoI); Value of Information (VoI); Semantic Web; Ontology; Provenance AB Modern Soldiers rely upon accurate and actionable information technology to achieve mission objectives. While increasingly rich sensor networks for Areas of Operation (AO) can offer many directions for aiding Soldiers, limitations are imposed by current tactical edge systems on the rate that content can be transmitted. Furthermore, mission tasks will often require very specific sets of information which may easily be drowned out by other content sources. Prior research on Quality and Value of Information (QoI/VoI) has aimed to define ways to prioritize information objects based on their intrinsic attributes (QoI) and perceived value to a consumer (VoI). As part of this effort, established ranking approaches for obtaining Subject Matter Expert (SME) recommendations, such as the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) have been considered. However, limited work has been done to tie Soldier context - such as descriptions of their mission and tasks - back to intrinsic attributes of information objects. As a first step toward addressing the above challenges, this work introduces an ontology-backed approach - rooted in Semantic Web publication practices - for expressing both AHP decision hierarchies and corresponding SME feedback. Following a short discussion on related QoI/VoI research, an ontology-based data structure is introduced for supporting evaluation of Information Objects, using AHP rankings designed to facilitate information object prioritization. Consistent with alternate AHP approaches, prioritization in this approach is based on pairwise comparisons between Information Objects with respect to established criteria, as well as on pairwise comparison of the criteria to assess their relative importance. The paper concludes with a discussion of both ongoing and future work. C1 [Michaelis, James R.] US Army Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Michaelis, JR (reprint author), US Army Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0092-8 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9851 AR UNSP 98510N DI 10.1117/12.2221915 PG 12 WC Optics SC Optics GA BG3ZY UT WOS:000388441000021 ER PT S AU Roy, H Kase, SE Knight, J AF Roy, Heather Kase, Sue E. Knight, Joanne BE Broome, BD Hanratty, TP Hall, DL Llinas, J TI Transforming a research-oriented dataset for evaluation of tactical information extraction technologies SO NEXT-GENERATION ANALYST IV SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Next-Generation Analyst IV CY APR 18-19, 2016 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE Operationally-Realistic; Dataset; Ground Truth AB The most representative and accurate data for testing and evaluating information extraction technologies is real-world data. Real-world operational data can provide important insights into human and sensor characteristics, interactions, and behavior. However, several challenges limit the feasibility of experimentation with real-world operational data. Real-world data lacks the precise knowledge of a "ground truth," a critical factor for benchmarking progress of developing automated information processing technologies. Additionally, the use of real-world data is often limited by classification restrictions due to the methods of collection, procedures for processing, and tactical sensitivities related to the sources, events, or objects of interest. These challenges, along with an increase in the development of automated information extraction technologies, are fueling an emerging demand for operationally-realistic datasets for benchmarking. An approach to meet this demand is to create synthetic datasets, which are operationally-realistic yet unclassified in content. The unclassified nature of these unclassified synthetic datasets facilitates the sharing of data between military and academic researchers thus increasing coordinated testing efforts. This paper describes the expansion and augmentation of two synthetic text datasets, one initially developed through academic research collaborations with the Army. Both datasets feature simulated tactical intelligence reports regarding fictitious terrorist activity occurring within a counter-insurgency (COIN) operation. The datasets were expanded and augmented to create two military relevant datasets. The first resulting dataset was created by augmenting and merging the two to create a single larger dataset containing ground-truth. The second resulting dataset was restructured to more realistically represent the format and content of intelligence reports. The dataset transformation effort, the final datasets, and their applicability for research are presented. C1 [Roy, Heather; Kase, Sue E.] Army Res Lab, Computat & Informat Sci Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 20783 USA. [Knight, Joanne] Army Res Lab, Commun Elect Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. RP Roy, H (reprint author), Army Res Lab, Computat & Informat Sci Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 20783 USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0092-8 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9851 AR UNSP 98510O DI 10.1117/12.2224032 PG 9 WC Optics SC Optics GA BG3ZY UT WOS:000388441000022 ER PT S AU Familoni, J Thompson, R Moyer, S Mueller, G Williams, T Nguyen, HQ Espinola, RL Sia, RK Ryan, DS Rivers, BA AF Familoni, Jide Thompson, Roger Moyer, Steve Mueller, Gregory Williams, Tim Hong-Quang Nguyen Espinola, Richard L. Sia, Rose K. Ryan, Denise S. Rivers, Bruce A. BE Cullum, BM Kiehl, D McLamore, ES TI Development of VIPER: a simulator for assessing VIsion PERformance of warfighters SO SMART BIOMEDICAL AND PHYSIOLOGICAL SENSOR TECHNOLOGY XIII SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Smart Biomedical and Physiological Sensor Technology XIII CY APR 18-19, 2016 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE detection; human perception; limited time search; modeling ID SEARCH AB Background: When evaluating vision, it is important to assess not just the ability to read letters on a vision chart, but also how well one sees in real life scenarios. As part of the Warfighter Refractive Eye Surgery Program (WRESP), visual outcomes are assessed before and after refractive surgery. A Warfighter's ability to read signs and detect and identify objects is crucial, not only when deployed in a military setting, but also in their civilian lives. Objective: VIPER, a VIsion PERformance simulator was envisioned as actual video-based simulated driving to test warfighters' functional vision under realistic conditions. Designed to use interactive video image controlled environments at daytime, dusk, night, and with thermal imaging vision, it simulates the experience of viewing and identifying road signs and other objects while driving. We hypothesize that VIPER will facilitate efficient and quantifiable assessment of changes in vision and measurement of functional military performance. Study Design: Video images were recorded on an isolated 1.1 mile stretch of road with separate target sets of six simulated road signs and six objects of military interest, separately. The video footage were integrated with custom-designed C++ based software that presented the simulated drive to an observer on a computer monitor at 10, 20 or 30 miles/hour. VIPER permits the observer to indicate when a target is seen and when it is identified. Distances at which the observer recognizes and identifies targets are automatically logged. Errors in recognition and identification are also recorded. This first report describes VIPER's development and a preliminary study to establish a baseline for its performance. In the study, nine soldiers viewed simulations at 10 miles/hour and 30 miles/hour, run in randomized order for each participant seated at 36 inches from the monitor. Relevance: Ultimately, patients are interested in how their vision will affect their ability to perform daily activities. In the military context, in addition to reading road signs, this includes vision with night sensors and identification of objects of military interest. Once completed and validated, VIPER will be used to evaluate functional performance before and after refractive surgery. Results: This initial study was to prove the principle, and its results at the time of this publication were very preliminary. Nine Soldiers viewed visible-day and IR-day VIPER simulations with civilian and military targets, separately, at 10 and 30 miles/ hour. Analyses were performed separately for visible and IR, and also aggregated. Only the civilian targets are discussed in this report. At 10 miles/ hour, the population detected civilian road signs at an aggregated average of 90.11 +/- 64.20 m, and identified them at 26.93 +/- 22.27m. At 30 miles/ hour, the corresponding distances were 103.03 +/- 58.81 and 26.26 +/- 8.55, respectively. Conclusion: This preliminary report proves the principle and suggests that VIPER could be a useful clinical tool in longitudinal assessment of functional vision in warfighters. C1 [Familoni, Jide; Thompson, Roger; Moyer, Steve; Mueller, Gregory; Williams, Tim; Hong-Quang Nguyen; Espinola, Richard L.] US Army, RDECOM, Commun Elect Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Night Vis & Elect Sensors Directorate, Fort Knox, KY 40122 USA. [Sia, Rose K.; Ryan, Denise S.; Rivers, Bruce A.] Ft Belvoir Community Hosp, Warfighters Refractory Eye Surg Program, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. RP Familoni, J (reprint author), US Army, RDECOM, Commun Elect Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Night Vis & Elect Sensors Directorate, Fort Knox, KY 40122 USA. EM info@nvl.army.mil NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0104-8 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9863 AR UNSP 98630R DI 10.1117/12.2224048 PG 8 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics SC Engineering; Optics GA BG2WU UT WOS:000387732700020 ER PT S AU Farrell, ME Strobbia, P Sarkes, DA Stratis-Cullum, DN Cullum, BM Pellegrino, PM AF Farrell, Mikella E. Strobbia, Pietro Sarkes, Deborah A. Stratis-Cullum, Dimitra N. Cullum, Brian M. Pellegrino, Paul M. BE Cullum, BM Kiehl, D McLamore, ES TI The development of Army relevant peptide-based surface enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) sensors for biological threat detection SO SMART BIOMEDICAL AND PHYSIOLOGICAL SENSOR TECHNOLOGY XIII SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Smart Biomedical and Physiological Sensor Technology XIII CY APR 18-19, 2016 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE SERS; Raman; Klarite; Peptides; regenerated surface; biological sensing; chemical sensing; hazard ID GOLD NANOPARTICLES; PHAGE DISPLAY; BACTERIAL-SPORES; NANOSTRUCTURES; NANOTECHNOLOGY; IDENTIFICATION; SPECTROSCOPY; SUBSTRATE; BINDING; RECOGNITION AB The utility of peptide-based molecular sensing for the development of novel biosensors has resulted in a significant increase in their development and usage for sensing targets like chemical, biological, energetic and toxic materials. Using peptides as a molecular recognition element is particularly advantageous because there are several mature peptide synthesis protocols that already exist, peptide structures can be tailored, selected and manipulated to be highly discerning towards desired targets, peptides can be modified to be very stable in a host of environments and stable under many different conditions, and through the development of bifunctionalized peptides can be synthesized to also bind onto desired sensing platforms (various metal materials, glass, etc.). Two examples of the several Army relevant biological targets for peptide-based sensing platforms include Ricin and Abrin. Ricin and Abrin are alarming threats because both can be weaponized and there is no antidote for exposure. Combining the sensitivity of SERS with the selectivity of a bifunctional peptide allows for the emergence of dynamic hazard sensor for Army application. C1 [Farrell, Mikella E.; Sarkes, Deborah A.; Stratis-Cullum, Dimitra N.; Pellegrino, Paul M.] US Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. [Strobbia, Pietro; Cullum, Brian M.] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Dept Chem, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. RP Farrell, ME (reprint author), US Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. OI Strobbia, Pietro/0000-0003-0884-6185 NR 89 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 2 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0104-8 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9863 AR UNSP 98630B DI 10.1117/12.2224102 PG 16 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics SC Engineering; Optics GA BG2WU UT WOS:000387732700006 ER PT S AU Sarkes, DA Hurley, MM Coppock, MB Farrell, ME Pellegrino, PM Stratis-Cullum, DN AF Sarkes, Deborah A. Hurley, Margaret M. Coppock, Matthew B. Farrell, Mikella E. Pellegrino, Paul M. Stratis-Cullum, Dimitra N. BE Cullum, BM Kiehl, D McLamore, ES TI Rapid discovery of peptide capture candidates with demonstrated specificity for structurally similar toxins SO SMART BIOMEDICAL AND PHYSIOLOGICAL SENSOR TECHNOLOGY XIII SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Smart Biomedical and Physiological Sensor Technology XIII CY APR 18-19, 2016 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE toxin; peptide; biopanning; sensing; molecular recognition ID YEAST SURFACE DISPLAY; BACTERIAL DISPLAY; HIGH-AFFINITY; COMBINATORIAL LIBRARIES; PROTECTIVE ANTIGEN; BINDING PEPTIDES; PROTEINS; LIGANDS; TECHNOLOGY; SELECTION AB Peptides have emerged as viable alternatives to antibodies for molecular-based sensing due to their similarity in recognition ability despite their relative structural simplicity. Various methods for peptide capture reagent discovery exist, including phage display, yeast display, and bacterial display. One of the primary advantages of peptide discovery by bacterial display technology is the speed to candidate peptide capture agent, due to both rapid growth of bacteria and direct utilization of the sorted cells displaying each individual peptide for the subsequent round of biopanning. We have previously isolated peptide affinity reagents towards protective antigen of Bacillus anthracis using a commercially available automated magnetic sorting platform with improved enrichment as compared to manual magnetic sorting. In this work, we focus on adapting our automated biopanning method to a more challenging sort, to demonstrate the specificity possible with peptide capture agents. This was achieved using non-toxic, recombinant variants of ricin and abrin, RiVax and abrax, respectively, which are structurally similar Type II ribosomal inactivating proteins with significant sequence homology. After only two rounds of biopanning, enrichment of peptide capture candidates binding abrax but not RiVax was achieved as demonstrated by Fluorescence Activated Cell Sorting (FACS) studies. Further sorting optimization included negative sorting against RiVax, proper selection of autoMACS programs for specific sorting rounds, and using freshly made buffer and freshly thawed protein target for each round of biopanning for continued enrichment over all four rounds. Most of the resulting candidates from biopanning for abrax binding peptides were able to bind abrax but not RiVax, demonstrating that short peptide sequences can be highly specific even at this early discovery stage. C1 [Sarkes, Deborah A.; Hurley, Margaret M.; Coppock, Matthew B.; Farrell, Mikella E.; Pellegrino, Paul M.; Stratis-Cullum, Dimitra N.] US Army Res Lab, Sensors & Electron Devices Directorate, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Stratis-Cullum, DN (reprint author), US Army Res Lab, Sensors & Electron Devices Directorate, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM Dimitra.n.stratis-cullum.civ@mail.mil NR 44 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0104-8 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9863 AR UNSP 986305 DI 10.1117/12.2224799 PG 10 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics SC Engineering; Optics GA BG2WU UT WOS:000387732700003 ER PT S AU Terrell, JL Dong, H Holthoff, EL Small, MC Sarkes, DA Hurley, MM Stratis-Cullum, DN AF Terrell, Jessica L. Dong, Hong Holthoff, Ellen L. Small, Meagan C. Sarkes, Deborah A. Hurley, Margaret M. Stratis-Cullum, Dimitra N. BE Cullum, BM Kiehl, D McLamore, ES TI Investigation of engineered bacterial adhesins for opportunity to interface cells with abiotic materials SO SMART BIOMEDICAL AND PHYSIOLOGICAL SENSOR TECHNOLOGY XIII SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Smart Biomedical and Physiological Sensor Technology XIII CY APR 18-19, 2016 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE biohybrid materials; biotic-abiotic interface; cell patterning; cell adhesion; fimbriae; genetic engineering ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI; TYPE-1 FIMBRIAE; FIMH ADHESIN; FORCE AB The convenience of cellular genetic engineering has afforded the power to build 'smart' synthetic biological tools with novel applications. Here, we have explored opportunities to hybridize engineered cells with inorganic materials toward the development of 'living' device-compatible systems. Cellular structural biology is engineerable based on the ability to rewrite genetic code to generate recombinant, foreign, or even unnatural proteins. With this capability on the biological end, it should be possible to achieve superior abio-compatibility with the inorganic materials that compose current microfabricated technology. This work investigated the hair-like appendages of Escherichia coli known as Type 1 fimbriae that enable natural adhesion to glycosylated substrates. Sequence alterations within the fimbrial gene cluster were found to be well-tolerated, evidenced by tagging the fimbriae with peptide-based probes. As a further development, fimbriae tips could be reconfigured to, in turn, alter cell binding. In particular, the fimbriae were fused with a genetically optimized peptide-for-inorganics to enable metal binding. This work established methodologies to systematically survey cell adhesion properties across a suite of fimbriae-modified cell types as well as to direct patterned cell adhesion. Cell types were further customized for added complexity including turning on secondary gene expression and binding to gold surfaces. The former demonstrates potential for programmable gene switches and the latter for interfacing biology with inorganic materials. In general, the incorporation of 'programmed' cells into devices can be used to provide the feature of dynamic and automated cell response. The outcomes of this study are foundational toward the critical feature of deliberate positioning of cells as configurable biocomponentry. Overall, cellular integration into bioMEMs will yield advanced sensing and actuation. C1 [Terrell, Jessica L.; Dong, Hong; Holthoff, Ellen L.; Sarkes, Deborah A.; Stratis-Cullum, Dimitra N.] US Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. [Small, Meagan C.; Hurley, Margaret M.] US Army Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Terrell, JL (reprint author), US Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0104-8 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9863 AR UNSP 986308 DI 10.1117/12.2225722 PG 12 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics SC Engineering; Optics GA BG2WU UT WOS:000387732700004 ER PT S AU Zu, TNK Liu, SC Germane, KL Servinsky, MD Gerlach, ES Mackie, DM Sund, CJ AF Zu, Theresah N. K. Liu, Sanchao Germane, Katherine L. Servinsky, Matthew D. Gerlach, Elliot S. Mackie, David M. Sund, Christian J. BE Cullum, BM Kiehl, D McLamore, ES TI Predictive modeling in Clostridium acetobutylicum fermentations employing Raman spectroscopy and multivariate data analysis for real-time culture monitoring SO SMART BIOMEDICAL AND PHYSIOLOGICAL SENSOR TECHNOLOGY XIII SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Smart Biomedical and Physiological Sensor Technology XIII CY APR 18-19, 2016 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE Raman spectroscopy; chemometrics; MVDA; predictive modeling; Clostridium; fermentation; real-time monitoring ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI; ATCC 824; SOLVENTS; SPECTRA; ACIDS AB The coupling of optical fibers with Raman instrumentation has proven to be effective for real-time monitoring of chemical reactions and fermentations when combined with multivariate statistical data analysis. Raman spectroscopy is relatively fast, with little interference from the water peak present in fermentation media. Medical research has explored this technique for analysis of mammalian cultures for potential diagnosis of some cancers. Other organisms studied via this route include Escherichia coli, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, and some Bacillus sp., though very little work has been performed on Clostridium acetobutylicum cultures. C. acetobutylicum is a gram-positive anaerobic bacterium, which is highly sought after due to its ability to use a broad spectrum of substrates and produce useful byproducts through the well-known Acetone-Butanol-Ethanol (ABE) fermentation. In this work, real-time Raman data was acquired from C. acetobutylicum cultures grown on glucose. Samples were collected concurrently for comparative off-line product analysis. Partial-least squares (PLS) models were built both for agitated cultures and for static cultures from both datasets. Media components and metabolites monitored include glucose, butyric acid, acetic acid, and butanol. Models were cross-validated with independent datasets. Experiments with agitation were more favorable for modeling with goodness of fit (QY) values of 0.99 and goodness of prediction (Q(2)Y) values of 0.98. Static experiments did not model as well as agitated experiments. Raman results showed the static experiments were chaotic, especially during and shortly after manual sampling. C1 [Zu, Theresah N. K.; Liu, Sanchao; Germane, Katherine L.; Servinsky, Matthew D.; Gerlach, Elliot S.; Mackie, David M.; Sund, Christian J.] US Army, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Sund, CJ (reprint author), US Army, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM christian.j.sund.civ@mail.mil OI germane, katherine/0000-0002-5191-2670 NR 39 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0104-8 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9863 AR UNSP 98630I DI 10.1117/12.2228545 PG 8 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics SC Engineering; Optics GA BG2WU UT WOS:000387732700012 ER PT J AU Howard, IL Cox, BC AF Howard, Isaac L. Cox, Ben C. TI Multiyear Laboratory and Field Performance Assessment of High-Traffic US-49 Full-Depth Reclamation SO TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH RECORD LA English DT Article AB This paper presents a case study of full-depth reclamation (FDR) on US-49 in Madison County, Mississippi. Laboratory and field test data are presented for FDR activities from construction through 53 months of service. US-49 was chosen as a case study because (a) the reclamation process encountered highly variable and large quantities of particles finer than 75 gm; (b) reclamation was performed to a depth of 16 in., which is relatively deep; (c) the presence of numerous fine particles in a relatively deep reclaimed layer used for a high-traffic application was not a typical FDR situation; and (d) FDR was initiated after construction began to alleviate issues that occurred during construction. Laboratory and field testing performed over a 53-month period suggest the pavement is performing well. C1 [Howard, Isaac L.] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Construct Mat Res Ctr, 501 Hardy Rd,Mail Stop 9546, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Cox, Ben C.] US Army Corps Engineers, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Howard, IL (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Construct Mat Res Ctr, 501 Hardy Rd,Mail Stop 9546, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. EM ilhoward@cee.msstate.edu FU Mississippi DOT; Ergon Asphalt and Emulsions Distinguished Doctoral Fellowship in Construction Materials FX The Mississippi DOT funded State Study 250 at Mississippi State University (MSU). The second author was supported by the Ergon Asphalt and Emulsions Distinguished Doctoral Fellowship in Construction Materials. Permission to publish this paper was granted by the director of the Geotechnical and Structures Laboratory, Engineer Research and Development Center, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Vicksburg, Mississippi. The authors thank the following individuals for providing data, technical guidance, or other assistance: Brennan Anderson, Chase Hopkins, Robert James, Drew Moore, and Matt Roddy of MSU; L. Allen. Cooley, Jr., and Daniel Sims of Burns Cooley Dennis, Inc.; and Alex Middleton and Matt Strickland of the Mississippi DOT. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0361-1981 EI 2169-4052 J9 TRANSPORT RES REC JI Transp. Res. Record PY 2016 IS 2573 BP 86 EP 97 DI 10.3141/2573-11 PG 12 WC Engineering, Civil; Transportation; Transportation Science & Technology SC Engineering; Transportation GA EC5FM UT WOS:000388158500012 ER PT J AU Citino, RM AF Citino, Robert M. BE Harrigan, P Kirschenbaum, MG TI LESSONS FROM THE HEXAGON: WARGAMES AND THE MILITARY HISTORIAN SO ZONES OF CONTROL: PERSPECTIVES ON WARGAMING SE Game Histories LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Citino, Robert M.] Univ North Texas, Denton, TX 76203 USA. [Citino, Robert M.] Eastern Michigan Univ, West Point, NY USA. [Citino, Robert M.] US Army War Coll, Carlisle, PA USA. RP Citino, RM (reprint author), Univ North Texas, Denton, TX 76203 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MIT PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA FIVE CAMBRIDGE CENTER, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02142 USA BN 978-0-262-03399-2 J9 GAME HIST PY 2016 BP 439 EP 445 PG 7 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Management; Operations Research & Management Science; Political Science SC Computer Science; Business & Economics; Operations Research & Management Science; Government & Law GA BG3RG UT WOS:000388166000039 ER PT S AU Papernot, N McDaniel, P Wu, X Jha, S Swami, A AF Papernot, Nicolas McDaniel, Patrick Wu, Xi Jha, Somesh Swami, Ananthram GP IEEE TI Distillation as a Defense to Adversarial Perturbations against Deep Neural Networks SO 2016 IEEE SYMPOSIUM ON SECURITY AND PRIVACY (SP) SE IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy (SP) CY MAY 23-25, 2016 CL San Jose, CA SP IEEE, IEEE Comp Soc AB Deep learning algorithms have been shown to perform extremely well on many classical machine learning problems. However, recent studies have shown that deep learning, like other machine learning techniques, is vulnerable to adversarial samples: inputs crafted to force a deep neural network (DNN) to provide adversary-selected outputs. Such attacks can seriously undermine the security of the system supported by the DNN, sometimes with devastating consequences. For example, autonomous vehicles can be crashed, illicit or illegal content can bypass content filters, or biometric authentication systems can be manipulated to allow improper access. In this work, we introduce a defensive mechanism called defensive distillation to reduce the effectiveness of adversarial samples on DNNs. We analytically investigate the generalizability and robustness properties granted by the use of defensive distillation when training DNNs. We also empirically study the effectiveness of our defense mechanisms on two DNNs placed in adversarial settings. The study shows that defensive distillation can reduce effectiveness of sample creation from 95% to less than 0.5% on a studied DNN. Such dramatic gains can be explained by the fact that distillation leads gradients used in adversarial sample creation to be reduced by a factor of 10(30). We also find that distillation increases the average minimum number of features that need to be modified to create adversarial samples by about 800% on one of the DNNs we tested. C1 [Papernot, Nicolas; McDaniel, Patrick] Penn State Univ, Dept Comp Sci & Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Wu, Xi; Jha, Somesh] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Comp Sci, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Swami, Ananthram] US Army, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD USA. RP Papernot, N (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Comp Sci & Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM ngp5056@cse.psu.edu; mcdaniel@cse.psu.edu; xiwu@cs.wisc.edu; jha@cs.wisc.edu; ananthram.swami.civ@mail.mil NR 44 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1081-6011 BN 978-1-5090-0824-7 J9 P IEEE S SECUR PRIV PY 2016 BP 582 EP 597 DI 10.1109/SP.2016.41 PG 16 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BG2EQ UT WOS:000387292800033 ER PT B AU Henderson, TJ Salem, H AF Henderson, Tery J. Salem, Hary BE Salem, H Katz, SA TI The Atmosphere: Its Developmental History and Contributions to Microbial Evolution and Habitat SO AEROBIOLOGY: THE TOXICOLOGY OF AIRBORNE PATHOGENS AND TOXINS SE Issues in Toxicology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID BIOLOGICAL ICE NUCLEATORS; CLOUD-WATER; DIFFERENT ECOSYSTEMS; AIRBORNE PARTICLES; GLOBAL ATMOSPHERE; WESTERN-AUSTRALIA; CARBOXYLIC-ACIDS; AERIAL DISPERSAL; CENTRAL-EUROPE; SOUTH AFRICA C1 [Henderson, Tery J.; Salem, Hary] US Army, Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, Res & Technol Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Henderson, TJ (reprint author), US Army, Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, Res & Technol Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM terry.j.henderson.civ@mail.mil; harry.salem.civ@mail.mil NR 144 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, CAMBRIDGE CB4 4WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND BN 978-1-84973-791-3; 978-1-84973-594-0 J9 ISSUES TOXICOL PY 2016 VL 25 BP 1 EP 41 D2 10.1039/9781849737913 PG 41 WC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology; Toxicology SC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology; Toxicology GA BG3NS UT WOS:000388089900002 ER PT B AU Katz, SA Salem, H AF Katz, Sidney A. Salem, Harry BE Salem, H Katz, SA TI Aerobiology The Toxicology of Airborne Pathogens and Toxins Preface SO AEROBIOLOGY: THE TOXICOLOGY OF AIRBORNE PATHOGENS AND TOXINS SE Issues in Toxicology LA English DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter ID BOTULINUM TOXIN C1 [Katz, Sidney A.] Rutgers State Univ, Cherry Hill, NJ 08102 USA. [Salem, Harry] US Army, Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, Edgewood, MD USA. RP Katz, SA (reprint author), Rutgers State Univ, Cherry Hill, NJ 08102 USA. EM skatz@camden.rutgers.edu; harry.salem@us.army.mil NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, CAMBRIDGE CB4 4WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND BN 978-1-84973-791-3; 978-1-84973-594-0 J9 ISSUES TOXICOL PY 2016 VL 25 BP VII EP XI D2 10.1039/9781849737913 PG 5 WC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology; Toxicology SC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology; Toxicology GA BG3NS UT WOS:000388089900001 ER PT B AU Ibrahim, MS Meyer, H AF Ibrahim, M. Sofi Meyer, Hermann BE Salem, H Katz, SA TI Orthopoxviruses and Animal Models for Pathogenesis, Vaccine and Drug Studies SO AEROBIOLOGY: THE TOXICOLOGY OF AIRBORNE PATHOGENS AND TOXINS SE Issues in Toxicology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID ANTIPOXVIRUS COMPOUND ST-246; AEROSOLIZED MONKEYPOX VIRUS; LETHAL MOUSEPOX MODEL; POXVIRUS INFECTIONS; RABBITPOX VIRUS; SMALLPOX VACCINE; PROTECTS MICE; RESPIRATORY-INFECTION; CYNOMOLGUS MACAQUES; GENETIC-RESISTANCE C1 [Ibrahim, M. Sofi; Meyer, Hermann] Bundeswehr Inst Microbiol, Munich, Germany. [Ibrahim, M. Sofi] US Army Res Dev & Engn Command, Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Ibrahim, MS (reprint author), Bundeswehr Inst Microbiol, Munich, Germany.; Ibrahim, MS (reprint author), US Army Res Dev & Engn Command, Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM sofi.ibrahim@us.army.mil NR 156 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, CAMBRIDGE CB4 4WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND BN 978-1-84973-791-3; 978-1-84973-594-0 J9 ISSUES TOXICOL PY 2016 VL 25 BP 42 EP 71 D2 10.1039/9781849737913 PG 30 WC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology; Toxicology SC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology; Toxicology GA BG3NS UT WOS:000388089900003 ER PT B AU Adler, M Franz, DR AF Adler, Michael Franz, David R. BE Salem, H Katz, SA TI Toxicity of Botulinum Neurotoxin by Inhalation: Implications in Bioterrorism SO AEROBIOLOGY: THE TOXICOLOGY OF AIRBORNE PATHOGENS AND TOXINS SE Issues in Toxicology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID TOXIN TYPE-A; UNITED-STATES; NEUROTRANSMITTER RELEASE; FOODBORNE BOTULISM; BIOLOGICAL WARFARE; T-2 MYCOTOXIN; LUNG INJURY; GUINEA-PIG; IDENTIFICATION; MANAGEMENT C1 [Adler, Michael] US Army, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Analyt Toxicol Div, Neurobehav Toxicol Branch, 3100 Ricketts Point Rd, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. [Franz, David R.] US Army, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, 1425 Porter St, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Adler, M (reprint author), US Army, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Analyt Toxicol Div, Neurobehav Toxicol Branch, 3100 Ricketts Point Rd, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA.; Franz, DR (reprint author), US Army, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, 1425 Porter St, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM michael.adler2.civ@mail.mil; davidrfranz@gmail.com NR 79 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, CAMBRIDGE CB4 4WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND BN 978-1-84973-791-3; 978-1-84973-594-0 J9 ISSUES TOXICOL PY 2016 VL 25 BP 167 EP 185 D2 10.1039/9781849737913 PG 19 WC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology; Toxicology SC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology; Toxicology GA BG3NS UT WOS:000388089900005 ER PT B AU Henderson, TJ Dorsey, RM Emett, G Salem, H AF Henderson, Terry J. Dorsey, Russell M. Emett, George Salem, Harry BE Salem, H Katz, SA TI The Structural Biology and Biochemistry of the Ricin Toxin and the Military Use and Inhalation Toxicology of Ricin Aerosols SO AEROBIOLOGY: THE TOXICOLOGY OF AIRBORNE PATHOGENS AND TOXINS SE Issues in Toxicology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID POKEWEED ANTIVIRAL PROTEIN; RIBOSOME-INACTIVATING PROTEINS; A-CHAIN; ACTIVE-SITE; B-CHAIN; EUKARYOTIC RIBOSOMES; COMMUNIS AGGLUTININ; ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS; SUBSTRATE-ANALOGS; INHALED AEROSOLS C1 [Henderson, Terry J.; Dorsey, Russell M.; Salem, Harry] US Army, Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, Res & Technol Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. [Emett, George] Chem Secur Anal Ctr, Battelle Mem Inst, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Henderson, TJ (reprint author), US Army, Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, Res & Technol Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM terry.j.henderson.civ@mail.mil NR 128 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, CAMBRIDGE CB4 4WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND BN 978-1-84973-791-3; 978-1-84973-594-0 J9 ISSUES TOXICOL PY 2016 VL 25 BP 186 EP 218 D2 10.1039/9781849737913 PG 33 WC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology; Toxicology SC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology; Toxicology GA BG3NS UT WOS:000388089900006 ER PT B AU Corriveau, JL AF Corriveau, Joseph L. BE Salem, H Katz, SA TI Aerobiological Aspects of Biological Warfare SO AEROBIOLOGY: THE TOXICOLOGY OF AIRBORNE PATHOGENS AND TOXINS SE Issues in Toxicology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID AIRBORNE PASTEURELLA-TULARENSIS; PARTICLE-SIZE; INHALATION ANTHRAX; MACACA-MULATTA; RHESUS-MONKEYS; AEROSOL; LETHAL; RICIN; INFECTIVITY; PATHOLOGY C1 [Corriveau, Joseph L.] US Army, Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Corriveau, JL (reprint author), US Army, Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM joseph.l.corriveau.civ@mail.mil NR 49 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, CAMBRIDGE CB4 4WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND BN 978-1-84973-791-3; 978-1-84973-594-0 J9 ISSUES TOXICOL PY 2016 VL 25 BP 330 EP 344 D2 10.1039/9781849737913 PG 15 WC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology; Toxicology SC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology; Toxicology GA BG3NS UT WOS:000388089900010 ER PT B AU Kesavan, J Montoya, LD Laube, BL AF Kesavan, Jana Montoya, Lupita D. Laube, Beth L. BE Salem, H Katz, SA TI Aerosol Physics for Bioaerosols SO AEROBIOLOGY: THE TOXICOLOGY OF AIRBORNE PATHOGENS AND TOXINS SE Issues in Toxicology LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID PARTICLES; SIZE; RESUSPENSION; SAMPLERS C1 [Kesavan, Jana] US Army Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. [Montoya, Lupita D.] Univ Colorado, Boulder, CO 80389 USA. [Laube, Beth L.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA. RP Kesavan, J (reprint author), US Army Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM jana.s.kesavan.civ@mail.mil NR 33 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, CAMBRIDGE CB4 4WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND BN 978-1-84973-791-3; 978-1-84973-594-0 J9 ISSUES TOXICOL PY 2016 VL 25 BP 345 EP 370 D2 10.1039/9781849737913 PG 26 WC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology; Toxicology SC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology; Toxicology GA BG3NS UT WOS:000388089900011 ER PT S AU Rosario, D Borel, C Romano, J AF Rosario, Dalton Borel, Christoph Romano, Joao BE VelezReyes, M Messinger, DW TI Solid target spectral variability in LWIR SO ALGORITHMS AND TECHNOLOGIES FOR MULTISPECTRAL, HYPERSPECTRAL, AND ULTRASPECTRAL IMAGERY XXII SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 22nd SPIE Conference on Algorithms and Technologies for Multispectral, Hyperspectral, and Ultraspectral Imagery XXII CY APR 18-21, 2016 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE Persistent imaging; hyperspectral; longwave infrared; LWIR ID POLARIMETRIC ANOMALY DETECTION AB We continue to highlight the pattern recognition challenges associated with solid target spectral variability in the longwave infrared (LWIR) region of the electromagnetic spectrum for a persistent imaging experiment. The experiment focused on the collection and exploitation of LWIR hyperspectral imagery. We propose two methods for target detection, one based on the repeated-random-sampling trial adaptation to a single-class version of support vector machine, and the other based on a longitudinal data model. The defining characteristic of a longitudinal study is that objects are measured repeatedly through time and, as a result, data are dependent. This is in contrast to cross-sectional studies in which the outcomes of a specific event are observed by randomly sampling from a large population of relevant objects in which data are assumed independent. Researchers in the remote sensing community generally assume the problem of object recognition to be cross-sectional. Performance contrast is quantified using a LWIR hyperspectral dataset acquired during three consecutive diurnal cycles, and results reinforce the need for using data models that are more realistic to LWIR spectral data. C1 [Rosario, Dalton; Borel, Christoph] US Army, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. [Romano, Joao] US Army, Armament Res & Dev Ctr, Picatinny Arsenal, NJ 07806 USA. RP Rosario, D (reprint author), US Army, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM dalton.s.rosario.civ@mail.mil NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0081-2 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9840 AR 98400Q DI 10.1117/12.2222939 PG 10 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Engineering; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BF6RJ UT WOS:000383611600018 ER PT S AU Barreda, AI Sanz, JM de la Osa, RA Saiz, JM Moreno, F Gonzalez, F Videen, G AF Barreda, Angela I. Sanz, Juan M. Alcaraz de la Osa, Rodrigo Saiz, Jose M. Moreno, Fernando Gonzalez, Francisco Videen, Gorden BE Berghmans, F Mignani, AG TI Using linear polarization for sensing and monitoring nanoparticle purity SO OPTICAL SENSING AND DETECTION IV SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Optical Sensing and Detection IV CY APR 03-07, 2016 CL Brussels, BELGIUM SP SPIE, Brussels Photon Team, Res Fdn Flanders, Visit Brussels DE Nanoparticles; resonances; polarimetry; sensing; contaminants ID SILICON NANOPARTICLES; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; MAGNETIC RESPONSE; RESONANCES; SCATTERING; PARTICLES; SPHERE; SHAPE AB We analyze the effect of contaminants on the quadrupolar magnetic, dipolar electric and dipolar magnetic resonances of silicon nanoparticles (NPs) by considering the spectral evolution of the linear polarization degree at right angle scattering configuration, P-L(90 degrees). From an optical point of view, a decrease in the purity of silicon nanoparticles due to the presence of contaminants impacts the NP effective refractive index. We study this effect for a silicon nanosphere of radius 200 nm embedded in different media. The weakness of the resonances induced on the P-L(90 degrees) spectrum because of the lack of purity can be used to quantify the contamination of the material. In addition, it is shown that Kerker conditions also suffer from a spectral shift, which is quantified as a function of material purity. C1 [Barreda, Angela I.; Sanz, Juan M.; Alcaraz de la Osa, Rodrigo; Saiz, Jose M.; Moreno, Fernando; Gonzalez, Francisco; Videen, Gorden] Univ Cantabria, Grp Opt, Dept Fis Aplicada, Fac Ciencias, Avda Los Castros S-N, E-39005 Santander, Spain. [Videen, Gorden] INTA, Ctra Ajalvir Km 4, Madrid 28850, Spain. [Videen, Gorden] Army Res Lab, AMSRL CI EM, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Barreda, AI (reprint author), Univ Cantabria, Grp Opt, Dept Fis Aplicada, Fac Ciencias, Avda Los Castros S-N, E-39005 Santander, Spain. NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0144-4 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9899 AR UNSP 98991O-1 DI 10.1117/12.2227774 PG 8 WC Optics SC Optics GA BG2WS UT WOS:000387732400047 ER PT S AU Mazzaro, GJ Martone, AF Sherbondy, KD Gallagher, KA Narayanan, RM AF Mazzaro, Gregory J. Martone, Anthony F. Sherbondy, Kelly D. Gallagher, Kyle A. Narayanan, Ram M. GP IEEE TI Maximizing Harmonic-Radar Target Response: Duty Cycle vs. Peak Power SO SOUTHEASTCON 2016 SE IEEE SoutheastCon-Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT SoutheastCon CY MAR 30-APR 03, 2016 CL Norfolk, VA DE harmonic analysis; harmonic distortion; nonlinear circuits; nonlinear distortion; radar applications ID INSECT TRACKING; NONLINEARITIES; TAGS AB To optimize a harmonic radar for the detection of electronic targets, a system designer must select appropriate frequencies, power levels, transceiver components, antennas, and waveforms. This work focuses on one tradeoff for radar design: duty cycle vs. peak power, for the transmit waveform. Single-frequency pulses are studied. It is assumed that total (average) power in the transmit band is fixed; however, duty cycle and peak power are adjustable. Harmonics measured using a hardware simulation of a nonlinear radar demonstrate that, to maximize reflected target response, it is advantageous to minimize transmitter duty cycle and maximize peak power. Keywords-harmonic analysis; harmonic distortion; C1 [Mazzaro, Gregory J.] The Citadel, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, 171 Moultrie St, Charleston, SC 29409 USA. [Martone, Anthony F.; Sherbondy, Kelly D.] US Army, Sensors & Electron Devices Directorate, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD USA. [Gallagher, Kyle A.; Narayanan, Ram M.] Penn State Univ, Dept Elect Engn, 201 Old Main, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Mazzaro, GJ (reprint author), The Citadel, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, 171 Moultrie St, Charleston, SC 29409 USA. EM gmazzaro@citadel.edu; anthony.f.martone.civ@mail.mil; rnarayanan@engr.psu.edu NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1558-058X BN 978-1-5090-2246-5 J9 IEEE SOUTHEASTCON PY 2016 PG 4 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BG1SG UT WOS:000387067900020 ER PT S AU Kim, JE Abdelzaher, T Sha, L Bar-Noy, A Hobbs, R Dron, W AF Kim, Jung-Eun Abdelzaher, Tarek Sha, Lui Bar-Noy, Amotz Hobbs, Reginald Dron, William GP IEEE TI On Maximizing Quality of Information for the Internet of Things: A Real-time Scheduling Perspective SO 2016 IEEE 22ND INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON EMBEDDED AND REAL-TIME COMPUTING SYSTEMS AND APPLICATIONS (RTCSA) SE IEEE International Conference on Embedded and Real-Time Computing Systems and Applications LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 22nd IEEE International Conference on Embedded and Real-Time Computing Systems and Applications (RTSCA) CY AUG 17-19, 2016 CL Daegu, SOUTH KOREA SP IEEE, Daegu Gyeongbuk Inst Sci & Technol, IEEE Comp Soc Tech Comm Real Time Syst, Cyber Phys Syst Global Ctr, IEEE Comp Soc ID MAINTAINING TEMPORAL CONSISTENCY; SYSTEMS AB The paper considers the challenge of maximizing the quality of information collected to meet decision needs of real-time Internet-of-Things applications. A novel scheduling model is proposed, where applications need multiple data items to make decisions, and where individual data items can be captured at different levels of quality. We assume the existence of a single bottleneck over which data objects are collected and schedule the transmission of these objects over the bottleneck to meet decision deadlines and data validity constraints, while maximizing quality. A family of heuristic algorithms is presented to solve this problem. Their performance is empirically compared leading to insights into the solution space. C1 [Kim, Jung-Eun; Abdelzaher, Tarek; Sha, Lui] Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Bar-Noy, Amotz] CUNY, New York, NY 10021 USA. [Hobbs, Reginald] Army Res Labs, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. [Dron, William] Raytheon BBN Technol, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. RP Kim, JE (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. NR 27 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1533-2306 BN 978-1-5090-2479-7 J9 IEEE INT CONF EMBED PY 2016 BP 202 EP 211 DI 10.1109/RTCSA.2016.47 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BG1ST UT WOS:000387085600037 ER PT S AU Gadlage, MJ Roach, AH Duncan, AR Halstead, MR Kay, MJ Gadfort, P Alhbin, JR Stansberry, S AF Gadlage, Matthew J. Roach, Austin H. Duncan, Adam R. Halstead, Matthew R. Kay, Matthew J. Gadfort, Peter Alhbin, Jonathan R. Stansberry, Scott GP IEEE TI Alpha-Particle and Neutron-Induced Single-Event Transient Measurements in Subthreshold Circuits SO 2016 IEEE INTERNATIONAL RELIABILITY PHYSICS SYMPOSIUM (IRPS) SE International Reliability Physics Symposium LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Reliability Physics Symposium (IRPS) CY APR 17-21, 2016 CL Pasadena, CA SP IEEE DE alpha particles; radiation; single-event transients; soft errors; subthreshold ID LOGIC-CIRCUITS; TECHNOLOGY; PULSEWIDTHS AB Experimental data from alpha particle, neutron, and heavy ion testing are discussed and analyzed from a subthreshold voltage SET characterization circuit. Using a Schmitt trigger inverter target chain fabricated in a 28-nm bulk CMOS process, SET pulse widths are captured from an operating voltage down to 0.32 V. These results show that energetic particles can induce SET pulse widths that range up to hundreds of nanoseconds when operating at voltages well below the nominal voltage. Additionally, the results show that sub-Vt circuits are significantly more susceptible, as compared to circuits operating at nominal voltages, to low-energy particles inducing SETs that have a high probability of being latched as errors in a combinatorial logic design. C1 [Gadlage, Matthew J.; Roach, Austin H.; Duncan, Adam R.; Halstead, Matthew R.; Kay, Matthew J.] NSWC Crane, Crane, IN 47522 USA. [Gadfort, Peter] US Army, Res Lab, USC ISI, Adelphi, MD USA. [Alhbin, Jonathan R.] Missile Def Agcy, USC ISI, Huntsville, AL USA. [Stansberry, Scott] USC ISI, Arlington, VA USA. RP Gadlage, MJ (reprint author), NSWC Crane, Crane, IN 47522 USA. EM matthew.gadlage@navy.mil NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1541-7026 BN 978-1-4673-9136-8 J9 INT RELIAB PHY SYM PY 2016 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA BG1WP UT WOS:000387121900134 ER PT S AU Habersat, DB Green, R Lelis, AJ AF Habersat, Daniel B. Green, Ronald Lelis, Aivars J. GP IEEE TI Evaluations of Threshold Voltage Stability on COTS SiC DMOSFETs Using Fast Measurements SO 2016 IEEE INTERNATIONAL RELIABILITY PHYSICS SYMPOSIUM (IRPS) SE International Reliability Physics Symposium LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Reliability Physics Symposium (IRPS) CY APR 17-21, 2016 CL Pasadena, CA SP IEEE DE Power MOSFET; Semiconductor device reliability; Silicon carbide; Stability; Threshold voltage ID RELIABILITY; PERFORMANCE; INSTABILITY; MOSFETS AB Threshold voltage (V-T) stability of commercial SiC DMOSFETs during bias-temperature stressing was evaluated using the fast-I-D and fast I-D-V-GS measurement techniques at both room and elevated temperatures. Unipolar bias stress results confirmed that there is a rapid recovery of V-T and that all vendors' devices showed the same basic charge-trapping behavior, although some differences were observed in negative bias response at high temperatures. In situ V-T measurements during 10 kHz gate switching showed stable device operation at room temperature but accelerating V-T drift and increasing switching oxide trap densities when operated at 175 degrees C. V-T hysteresis during high temperature gate switching indicates the presence of a mobile ion or polarization effect in addition to the expected interface-and oxide-trap charging mechanisms. C1 [Habersat, Daniel B.; Green, Ronald; Lelis, Aivars J.] US Army, Res Lab, Power Conditioning Branch, Adelphi, MD 20789 USA. RP Habersat, DB (reprint author), US Army, Res Lab, Power Conditioning Branch, Adelphi, MD 20789 USA. EM daniel.b.habersat.civ@mail.mil NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1541-7026 BN 978-1-4673-9136-8 J9 INT RELIAB PHY SYM PY 2016 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA BG1WP UT WOS:000387121900085 ER PT J AU St Leger, A Spruce, J Banwell, T Collins, M AF St Leger, Aaron Spruce, Jeremy Banwell, Thomas Collins, Michael GP IEEE TI Smart Grid Testbed for Wide-Area Monitoring and Control Systems SO 2016 IEEE/PES TRANSMISSION AND DISTRIBUTION CONFERENCE AND EXPOSITION (T&D) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE/PES Transmission and Distribution Conference and Exposition (T&D) CY MAY 03-05, 2016 CL Dallas, TX SP IEEE, PES DE Smart Grid; Synchronized Phasor Measurements; PMU; Wide-Area Monitoring Systems; Wide-Area Control Systems; Cyber Security AB Wide Area Monitoring and Control (WAMC) of power grids is one application from emerging smart grid technologies. WAMC systems require distributed measurement and control devices, for example Intelligent Electronic Devices (IEDs), a centralized control center(s), WAMC application(s), and two-way digital communication between IEDs, system operators and controllers. Both the performance and security of this system is critical for WAMC applications. A smart grid testbed for the study and development of WAMC systems has been developed. The test-bed consists of a physical emulation of a power system, ten IEDs with integrated Phasor Measurement Units (PMUs), a Phasor Data Concentrator (PDC) and user interface for data acquisition and control connected via a local area network. Additionally, emulation of more complex communication networks is achieved using SITL (System-in-the-Loop) communication network simulations to interface the IEDs and other physical hardware. The testbed has the capability of testing and analyzing the performance and the security, both physical and cyber, of WAMC applications. This paper presents an overview of the testbed and discusses the methodology of each system component: power system emulation, communication hardware/emulation, and measurement and control system. Some preliminary results are presented which showcase operation of the testbed. C1 [St Leger, Aaron; Spruce, Jeremy] US Mil Acad, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, West Point, NY 10996 USA. [Banwell, Thomas] Appl Commun Sci, Basking Ridge, NJ USA. [Collins, Michael] Univ Maryland, Lab Telecommun Sci, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP St Leger, A (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, West Point, NY 10996 USA. EM aaron.stleger@usma.edu; jeremy.spruce@usma.edu; tbanwell@appcomsci.com; mcollins@ltsnet.net NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-5090-2157-4 PY 2016 PG 5 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA BG1NR UT WOS:000386922500138 ER PT J AU Tortonesi, M Michaelis, J Morelli, A Suri, N Baker, MA AF Tortonesi, Mauro Michaelis, James Morelli, Alessandro Suri, Niranjan Baker, Michael A. GP IEEE TI SPF: An SDN-based Middleware Solution to Mitigate the IoT Information Explosion SO 2016 IEEE SYMPOSIUM ON COMPUTERS AND COMMUNICATION (ISCC) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Symposium on Computers and Communication (ISCC) CY JUN 27-JUL 01, 2016 CL Messina, ITALY SP IEEE DE Internet of Things; Software Defined Networking; Information Dissemination; Value of Information AB Managing the extremely large volume of information generated by Internet-of-Things (IoT) devices, estimated to be in excess of 400 ZB per year by 2018, is going to be an increasingly relevant issue. Most of the approaches to IoT information management proposed so far, based on the collection of IoT-generated raw data for storage and processing in the Cloud, place a significant burden on both communications and computational resources, and introduce significant latency. IoT applications would instead benefit from new paradigms to enable definition and deployment of dynamic IoT services and facilitate their use of computational resources at the edge of the network for data analysis purposes, and from smart dissemination solutions to deliver the processed information to consumers. This paper presents SPF (as in "Sieve, Process, and Forward"), an SDN solution which extends the reference ONF architecture replacing the Data Plane with an Information Processing and Dissemination Plane. By leveraging programmable information processors deployed at the Internet/IoT edge and disruption tolerant information dissemination solutions, SPF allows to define and manage IoT applications and services and represents a promising architecture for future urban computing applications. C1 [Tortonesi, Mauro; Morelli, Alessandro] Univ Ferrara, Dept Engn, Ferrara, Italy. [Michaelis, James; Suri, Niranjan; Baker, Michael A.] US Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD USA. [Suri, Niranjan] Florida Inst Human & Machine Cognit, Pensacola, FL USA. RP Tortonesi, M (reprint author), Univ Ferrara, Dept Engn, Ferrara, Italy. EM mauro.tortonesi@unife.it; james.r.michaelis2.civ@mail.mil; alessandro.morelli@unife.it; niranjan.suri.ctr@mail.mil; michael.a.baker.mil@mail.mil NR 33 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-5090-0679-3 PY 2016 BP 435 EP 442 PG 8 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BG1QG UT WOS:000386979000075 ER PT J AU Song, HJ Rosano, JM Wang, Y Garson, CJ Prabhakarpandian, B Pant, K Klarmann, GJ Perantoni, A Alvarez, LM Lai, E AF Song, Hongjun Rosano, Jenna M. Wang, Yi Garson, Charles J. Prabhakarpandian, Balabhaskar Pant, Kapil Klarmann, George J. Perantoni, Alan Alvarez, Luis M. Lai, Eva TI Identification of mesenchymal stem cell differentiation state using dual-micropore microfluidic impedance flow cytometry SO ANALYTICAL METHODS LA English DT Article ID BONE-MARROW; BLOOD; PARTICLES; COUNTER; REPAIR; TISSUE; SENSOR AB As stem cell therapies become more common in the clinic, there is a greater need for real-time, label-free monitoring of the differentiation status of the cells. In this paper, we present a dual-micropore-based, high-throughput microfluidic electrical impedance flow cytometer for non-invasive identification of the differentiation state of mesenchymal stem cells. The mesenchymal stem cells were induced to differentiate into osteoblasts over a 21 day period. Samples of mesenchymal stem cells and osteoblasts were flowed through the device, and impedance measurements were acquired over a frequency range from 50 kHz to 10 MHz. The opacity and relative angle, which shed light on the membrane capacitance and interior dielectric properties of cells, were used as interrogation parameters to analyze collected impedance data. Specifically, identification of mesenchymal stem cells and osteoblasts in a mixed population was optimized using a combination of opacity signature at 500 kHz and relative angle at 3 MHz. Identification of both cell populations in a mixed sample was successfully achieved with an accuracy of 87%. The results show a progressive increase in the number of osteoblasts throughout the 21 day differentiation process, with 36% more mesenchymal stem cells differentiated after 14 days of induction compared to after just 7 days. The dual-micropore microfluidic impedance flow cytometer system may become an important non-invasive tool for assessing stem cell quality and differentiation stages for future regenerative medicine applications. C1 [Song, Hongjun; Rosano, Jenna M.; Wang, Yi; Garson, Charles J.; Prabhakarpandian, Balabhaskar; Pant, Kapil] CFD Res Corp, 701 McMillian Way NW, Huntsville, AL 35806 USA. [Klarmann, George J.; Perantoni, Alan; Alvarez, Luis M.] NCI, Canc & Dev Biol Lab, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. [Alvarez, Luis M.] US Mil Acad, Dept Chem & Life Sci, West Point, NY 10996 USA. [Lai, Eva] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, 3400 N Charles St, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Lai, Eva] USAMRMC, 1054 Patchel St, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Wang, Y (reprint author), CFD Res Corp, 701 McMillian Way NW, Huntsville, AL 35806 USA. EM yi.wang@cfdrc.com FU U.S. Army Medical Research and Materiel Command (USAMRMC) [W81XWH-12-C-0069] FX This research was sponsored by the U.S. Army Medical Research and Materiel Command (USAMRMC) under contract W81XWH-12-C-0069. Opinions, interpretations, conclusions and recommendations are those of the authors and are not necessarily endorsed by the U.S. Army. GJK and LMA acknowledge Ms Nirmala Sharma of the Cancer and Developmental Biology Laboratory providing access to specialized tissue culture facilities and for discussions regarding analysis of differentiation and development markers. NR 30 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 9 U2 9 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1759-9660 EI 1759-9679 J9 ANAL METHODS-UK JI Anal. Methods PY 2016 VL 8 IS 41 BP 7437 EP 7444 DI 10.1039/c6ay01377e PG 8 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Food Science & Technology; Spectroscopy SC Chemistry; Food Science & Technology; Spectroscopy GA EB7WR UT WOS:000387602300001 ER PT J AU Marston, D AF Marston, Daniel BE Dean, PJ TI LEARNING AND ADAPTING FOR JUNGLE WARFARE, 1942-45: THE AUSTRALIAN AND BRITISH INDIAN ARMIES SO AUSTRALIA 1944-45: VICTORY IN THE PACIFIC LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Marston, Daniel] Australian Natl Univ, Mil Studies, Strateg & Def Studies Ctr, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia. [Marston, Daniel] Australian Command & Staff Coll, Mil & Def Studies Program, Canberra, ACT, Australia. [Marston, Daniel] US Army Command & Gen Staff Coll, Art War, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. RP Marston, D (reprint author), Australian Natl Univ, Mil Studies, Strateg & Def Studies Ctr, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA THE PITT BUILDING, TRUMPINGTON ST, CAMBRIDGE CB2 1RP, CAMBS, ENGLAND BN 978-1-107-08346-2 PY 2016 BP 121 EP 144 D2 10.1017/CBO9781316015445 PG 24 WC History SC History GA BG0OI UT WOS:000386433100008 ER PT J AU DiPasquale, DM Strangman, GE Harris, NS Muza, SR AF DiPasquale, Dana M. Strangman, Gary E. Harris, N. Stuart Muza, Stephen R. TI Acute Mountain Sickness Symptoms Depend on Normobaric versus Hypobaric Hypoxia SO BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article ID SIMULATED ALTITUDE; EXERCISE DURATION; VENTILATION; QUESTIONNAIRE; SEVERITY AB Acute mountain sickness (AMS), characterized by headache, nausea, fatigue, and dizziness when unacclimatized individuals rapidly ascend to high altitude, is exacerbated by exercise and can be disabling. Although AMS is observed in both normobaric (NH) and hypobaric hypoxia (IIII), recent evidence suggests that NH and HH produce different physiological responses. We evaluated whether AMS symptoms were different in NH and HH during the initial stages of exposure and if the assessment tool mattered. Seventy-two 8 h exposures to normobaric normoxia (NN), NH, or HH were experienced by 36 subjects. The Environmental Symptoms Questionnaire (ESQ) and Lake Louise Self-report (LLS) were administered, resulting in a total of 360 assessments, with each subject answering the questionnaire 5 times during each of their 2 exposure days. Classification tree analysis indicated that symptoms contributing most to AMS were different in NH (namely, feeling sick and shortness of breath) compared to HH (characterized most by feeling faint, appetite loss, light headedness, and dim vision). However, the differences were not detected using the LLS. These results suggest that during the initial hours of exposure (1) AMS in HH may be a qualitatively different experience than in NH and (2) NH and HH may not be interchangeable environments. C1 [DiPasquale, Dana M.; Strangman, Gary E.] Harvard Med Sch, Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Dept Psychiat, Charlestown, MA 02129 USA. [Harris, N. Stuart] Harvard Med Sch, Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Div Wilderness Med, Dept Emergency Med, Boston, MA USA. [Muza, Stephen R.] US Army, Environm Med Res Inst, Thermal & Mt Med Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP DiPasquale, DM (reprint author), Harvard Med Sch, Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Dept Psychiat, Charlestown, MA 02129 USA. EM dipasquale.dana@gmail.com FU DOD CDMRP program; [W81-XWH1020199] FX The authors gratefully acknowledge the support of the DOD CDMRP program and grant W81-XWH1020199. They also thank the following individuals for their assistance: Andrea Gunn, Janet Staab, Chuck Fulco, Beth Beidleman, Ingrid Sills, Vincent Forte, Marie Grunbeck, Sean Andrew, Katylin Guerriere, and Myra Jones. NR 25 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU HINDAWI PUBLISHING CORP PI NEW YORK PA 315 MADISON AVE 3RD FLR, STE 3070, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2314-6133 EI 2314-6141 J9 BIOMED RES INT JI Biomed Res. Int. PY 2016 AR 6245609 DI 10.1155/2016/6245609 PG 9 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA EB5DD UT WOS:000387392700001 ER PT S AU McInnis, BI AF McInnis, Brian I. BE McCarthy, JA Hilger, SM Sullivan, HI Saul, N TI Haller, Unzer, and Science as Process SO EARLY HISTORY OF EMBODIED COGNITION 1740-1920: THE LEBENSKRAFT-DEBATE AND RADICAL REALITY IN GERMAN SCIENCE, MUSIC, AND LITERATURE SE Internationale Forschungen zur Allgemeinen und Vergleichenden Literaturwissenschaft LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [McInnis, Brian I.] US Mil Acad, German, West Point, NY 10996 USA. RP McInnis, BI (reprint author), US Mil Acad, German, West Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BRILL PI PA LEIDEN PA PO BOX 9000, NL-2300 PA LEIDEN, NETHERLANDS SN 0929-6999 BN 978-90-04-30903-6; 978-90-04-30902-9 J9 INT FORSCH ALLG VGL PY 2016 BP 99 EP 121 D2 10.1163/9789004309036 PG 23 WC History & Philosophy Of Science; Literature SC History & Philosophy of Science; Literature GA BG0CY UT WOS:000386170900005 ER PT S AU Lawson, S Wang, L Fries, CA Davis, M Gorantla, VS AF Lawson, Shari Wang, Lin Fries, C. Anton Davis, Michael Gorantla, Vijay S. BE Wei, FC Cheng, HY Lin, CH TI Development of a Clinical Vascularized Composite Allotransplantation Program: Requirements and Recommendations SO FROM AUTO- TO ALLOTRANSPLANTATION SE Translational Research in Biomedicine LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID TRANSPLANT PROGRAM; HAND; PROTOCOL; PATIENT; FACES AB Vascularized composite allotransplantation (VCA) can achieve close to optimal aesthetic restoration of devastating tissue defects not amenable to conventional reconstruction, with improved functional outcomes and avoidance of multiple surgeries or donor site morbidity. During the past decade, more than 50 VCA programs have been established around the world, performing more than 150 VCA procedures including over 100 upper extremity and 30 facial transplants. Clinical VCA requires a multidisciplinary team of providers with extensive experience in issues faced by patients with complex trauma. The VCA team should thus include hand, plastic, orthopedic, head and neck, and transplant surgeons; internists; physical therapists; psychiatrists; pharmacists, and anesthesiologists. In addition, the transplant coordinator, social workers, caregivers, and patient advocates play an important role. This is a comprehensive overview of the key prerequisites for the planning and establishment of a successful clinical VCA program. It highlights the preapproval; personnel; procedures; preoperative, perioperative, and postoperative protocols and procedures; required infrastructure; resources; psychosocial, pharmacologic, and physical therapies involved in patient selection, and management and procurement aspects that are critical components of a VCA program. Key aspects of VCA programs that are discussed include media and public relations, regulatory and fiscal considerations, and ethical concerns. (C) 2016 S. Karger AG, Basel C1 [Lawson, Shari; Davis, Michael] US Army, Inst Surg Res, San Antonio, TX USA. [Wang, Lin] San Antonio Mil Med Ctr, Dept Gen Surg, San Antonio, TX USA. [Gorantla, Vijay S.] Univ Pittsburgh, Med Ctr, Dept Plast Surg, Suite 670,Scaife Hall, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. [Fries, C. Anton] Royal Ctr Def Med, Acad Dept Mil Surg & Trauma, Birmingham, W Midlands, England. RP Gorantla, VS (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Med Ctr, Dept Plast Surg, Suite 670,Scaife Hall, Pittsburgh, PA 15261 USA. EM gorantlavs@upmc.edu NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU KARGER PI BASEL PA POSTFACH, CH-4009 BASEL, SWITZERLAND SN 1662-405X BN 978-3-318-05867-3; 978-3-318-05866-6 J9 TRANSL RES BIOMED JI Transl. Res. Biomed. PY 2016 VL 5 BP 67 EP 78 DI 10.1159/000444967 D2 10.1159/isbn.978-3-318-05866-6 PG 12 WC Surgery; Transplantation SC Surgery; Transplantation GA BG1RY UT WOS:000387057500009 ER PT J AU Grujicic, M Ramaswami, S Snipes, J Avuthu, V Yen, CF Cheeseman, B AF Grujicic, Mica Ramaswami, S. Snipes, Jennifer Avuthu, Vasudeva Yen, Chian-Fong Cheeseman, Bryan TI Application of the materials-by-design approach to armor-grade polymer-matrix composites for enhancement of ballistic-penetration resistance SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF STRUCTURAL INTEGRITY LA English DT Article DE Armor-grade polymer-matrix composites; Ballistic-penetration resistance; Materials-by-design ID MATERIAL MODEL; FIBER-COMPOSITES; PERFORMANCE AB Purpose - Fiber-reinforced armor-grade polymer-matrix composite materials with a superior penetration resistance are traditionally developed using legacy knowledge and trial-and-error empiricism. This approach is generally quite costly and time-consuming and, hence, new (faster and more economical) approaches are needed for the development of high-performance armor-grade composite materials. One of these new approaches is the so-called materials-by-design approach. Within this approach, extensive use is made of the computer-aided engineering (CAE) analyses and of the empirically/theoretically established functional relationships between an armor-grade composite-protected structure, the properties of the composite materials, material microstructure (as characterized at different length-scales) and the material/structure synthesis and fabrication processes. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach - In the present work, a first step is made toward applying the materials-by-design approach to the development of the armor-grade composite materials and protective structures with superior ballistic-penetration resistance. Specifically, CAE analyses are utilized to establish functional relationships between the attributes/properties of the composite material and the penetration resistance of the associated protective structure, and to identify the combination of these properties which maximize the penetration resistance. In a follow-up paper, the materials-by-design approach will be extended to answer the questions such as what microstructural features the material must possess in order for the penetration resistance to be maximized and how such materials should be synthesized/processed. Findings - The results obtained show that proper adjustment of the material properties results in significant improvements in the protective structure penetration resistance. Originality/value - To the authors' knowledge, the present work is the first reported attempt to apply the materials-by-design approach to armor-grade composite materials in order to help improve their ballistic-penetration resistance. C1 [Grujicic, Mica; Ramaswami, S.; Snipes, Jennifer; Avuthu, Vasudeva] Clemson Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [Yen, Chian-Fong; Cheeseman, Bryan] Army Res Lab, Weap & Mat Res Directorate, Aberdeen, MD USA. RP Grujicic, M (reprint author), Clemson Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. EM gmica@clemson.edu NR 37 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 4 PU EMERALD GROUP PUBLISHING LTD PI BINGLEY PA HOWARD HOUSE, WAGON LANE, BINGLEY BD16 1WA, W YORKSHIRE, ENGLAND SN 1757-9864 EI 1757-9872 J9 INT J STRUCT INTEGR JI Int. J. Struct. Integr. PY 2016 VL 7 IS 1 BP 142 EP 174 DI 10.1108/IJSI-02-2015-0005 PG 33 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering GA EB1XE UT WOS:000387148800007 ER PT J AU Grujicic, M Snipes, J Ramaswami, S Yen, CF AF Grujicic, Mica Snipes, Jennifer Ramaswami, S. Yen, Chian-Fong TI Experimental characterization and numerical analysis of the weld-region material in friction stir welded thick AA2139-T8 plates SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF STRUCTURAL INTEGRITY LA English DT Article DE Friction stir welding; Finite-element modelling; Materials-property characterization; Weld zones ID CU-MG-AG; MICROSTRUCTURE EVOLUTION; FAILURE MECHANISMS; 6061-T6 ALUMINUM; MATERIAL FLOW; ALLOYS; ARMOR; VISUALIZATION; SIMULATION; STEEL AB Purpose - The weld region obtained during friction stir welding (FSW) of metallic materials (including aluminum alloys) contains typically well-defined zones, each characterized by fairly unique microstructure and properties. The purpose of this paper is to carry out combined experimental and numerical investigations of the mechanical properties of materials residing in different weld zones of FSW joints of thick AA2139-T8 plates. Design/methodology/approach - Within the experimental investigation, the following has been conducted: first, optical-microscopy characterization of the transverse sections of the FSW joints, in order to help identify and delineate weld zones; second, micro hardness field generation over the same transverse section in order to reconfirm the location and the extent of various weld zones; third, extraction of miniature tensile specimens from different weld zones and their experimental testing; and finally, extraction of a larger size tensile specimen spanning transversely the FSW weld and its testing. Within the computational investigation, an effort was made to: first, validate the mechanical properties obtained using the miniature tensile specimens; and second, demonstrate the need for the use of the miniature tensile specimens. Findings - It is argued that the availability of weld-zone material mechanical properties is critical since: first, these properties are often inferior relative to their base-metal counterparts; second, the width of the weld in thick metallic-armor is often comparable to the armor thickness, and therefore may represent a significant portion of the armor exposed-surface area; and finally, modeling of the weld-material structural response under loading requires the availability of high-fidelity/validated material constitutive models, and the development of such models requires knowledge of the weld-material mechanical properties. Originality/value - The importance of determining the mechanical properties of the material in different parts of the weld zone with sufficient accuracy is demonstrated. C1 [Grujicic, Mica; Snipes, Jennifer; Ramaswami, S.] Clemson Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [Yen, Chian-Fong] Army Res Lab, Weap & Mat Res Directorate, Aberdeen, MD USA. RP Grujicic, M (reprint author), Clemson Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. EM gmica@clemson.edu NR 46 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU EMERALD GROUP PUBLISHING LTD PI BINGLEY PA HOWARD HOUSE, WAGON LANE, BINGLEY BD16 1WA, W YORKSHIRE, ENGLAND SN 1757-9864 EI 1757-9872 J9 INT J STRUCT INTEGR JI Int. J. Struct. Integr. PY 2016 VL 7 IS 3 BP 429 EP 454 DI 10.1108/IJSI-06-2015-0017 PG 26 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering GA EB1XJ UT WOS:000387149300006 ER PT J AU Grujicic, M Snipes, J Ramaswami, S Avuthu, V Yen, CF Cheeseman, B AF Grujicic, Mica Snipes, Jennifer Ramaswami, S. Avuthu, Vasudeva Yen, Chian-Fong Cheeseman, Bryan TI Unit-cell-based derivation of the material models for armor-grade composites with different architectures of ultra-high molecular-weight polyethylene fibers SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF STRUCTURAL INTEGRITY LA English DT Article DE Material model; Armor-grade composites; Ballistic performance; High-performance fibers ID BALLISTIC IMPACT; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; LAMINATED KEVLAR; FORCE-FIELD; PENETRATION; PROJECTILES; FAILURE; COMPASS; EPOXY AB Purpose - Traditionally, an armor-grade composite is based on a two-dimensional (2D) architecture of its fiber reinforcements. However, various experimental investigations have shown that armor-grade composites based on 2D-reinforcement architectures tend to display inferior through-the-thickness mechanical properties, compromising their ballistic performance. To overcome this problem, armor-grade composites based on three-dimensional (3D) fiber-reinforcement architectures have recently been investigated experimentally. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach - In the present work, continuum-level material models are derived, parameterized and validated for armor-grade composite materials, having four (two 2D and two 3D) prototypical reinforcement architectures based on oriented ultra-high molecular-weight polyethylene fibers. To properly and accurately account for the effect of the reinforcement architecture, the appropriate unit cells (within which the constituent materials and their morphologies are represented explicitly) are constructed and subjected to a series of virtual mechanical tests (VMTs). The results obtained are used within a post-processing analysis to derive and parameterize the corresponding homogenized-material models. One of these models (specifically, the one for 0 degrees/90 degrees cross-collimated fiber architecture) was directly validated by comparing its predictions with the experimental counterparts. The other models are validated by examining their physical soundness and details of their predictions. Lastly, the models are integrated as user-material subroutines, and linked with a commercial finite-element package, in order to carry out a transient non-linear dynamics analysis of ballistic transverse impact of armor-grade composite-material panels with different reinforcement architectures. Findings - The results obtained clearly revealed the role the reinforcement architecture plays in the overall ballistic limit of the armor panel, as well as in its structural and damage/failure response. Originality/value - To the authors' knowledge, the present work is the first reported attempt to assess, computationally, the utility and effectiveness of 3D fiber-reinforcement architectures for ballistic-impact applications. C1 [Grujicic, Mica; Snipes, Jennifer; Ramaswami, S.; Avuthu, Vasudeva] Clemson Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. [Yen, Chian-Fong; Cheeseman, Bryan] Army Res Lab, Weap & Mat Res Directorate, Aberdeen, MD USA. RP Grujicic, M (reprint author), Clemson Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. EM gmica@clemson.edu NR 44 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU EMERALD GROUP PUBLISHING LTD PI BINGLEY PA HOWARD HOUSE, WAGON LANE, BINGLEY BD16 1WA, W YORKSHIRE, ENGLAND SN 1757-9864 EI 1757-9872 J9 INT J STRUCT INTEGR JI Int. J. Struct. Integr. PY 2016 VL 7 IS 4 BP 458 EP 489 DI 10.1108/IJSI-06-2015-0015 PG 32 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering GA EB1XL UT WOS:000387149500001 ER PT J AU Harris, PE Insko, E Williams, LK AF Harris, Pamela E. Insko, Erik Williams, Lauren Kelly TI The adjoint representation of a classical Lie algebra and the support of Kostant's weight multiplicity formula SO JOURNAL OF COMBINATORICS LA English DT Article DE Kostant's weight multiplicity formula; adjoint representation; combinatorial representation theory ID CONTINUOUS SEMISIMPLE GROUPS; LINEAR TRANSFORMATIONS; ILLUSTRATION; NUMBERS AB Even though weight multiplicity formulas, such as Kostant's formula, exist their computational use is extremely cumbersome. In fact, even in cases when the multiplicity is well understood, the number of terms considered in Kostant's formula is factorial in the rank of the Lie algebra and the value of the partition function is unknown. In this paper, we address the difficult question: What are the contributing terms to the multiplicity of the zero-weight in the adjoint representation of a finite-dimensional classical Lie algebra? We describe and enumerate the cardinalities of these sets (through linear homogeneous recurrence relations with constant coefficients) for the classical Lie algebras so(2r+1)(C), sp(2r)(C), and so(2r)(C). The sl(r+1)(C) case was computed by the first author in [7]. In addition, we compute the cardinality of the set of contributing terms for non-zero weight spaces in the adjoint representation. In the so(2r+1)(C) case, the cardinality of one such non-zero weight is enumerated by the Fibonacci numbers. C1 [Harris, Pamela E.] US Mil Acad, Dept Math Sci, 646 Swift Rd, West Point, NY 10996 USA. [Insko, Erik] Florida Gulf Coast Univ, Dept Math, 10501 FGCU Blvd South, Ft Myers, FL 33965 USA. [Williams, Lauren Kelly] Mercyhurst Univ, Dept Math & Comp Syst, 501 E 38th St, Erie, PA 16546 USA. RP Harris, PE (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Math Sci, 646 Swift Rd, West Point, NY 10996 USA. EM pamela.harris@usma.edu; einsko@fgcu.edu; lwilliams2@mercyhurst.edu NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INT PRESS BOSTON, INC PI SOMERVILLE PA PO BOX 43502, SOMERVILLE, MA 02143 USA SN 2156-3527 EI 2150-959X J9 J COMB JI J. Comb. PY 2016 VL 7 IS 1 BP 75 EP 116 PG 42 WC Mathematics, Applied SC Mathematics GA EB2AU UT WOS:000387159900004 ER PT J AU Liu, LS Ahlfield, J Tricker, A Chu, D Kohl, PA AF Liu, Lisha Ahlfield, John Tricker, Andrew Chu, Deryn Kohl, Paul A. TI Anion conducting multiblock copolymer membranes with partial fluorination and long head-group tethers SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY A LA English DT Article ID FUEL-CELL APPLICATIONS; PROTON-EXCHANGE MEMBRANES; AMMONIUM GROUPS; STABILITY; POLYMERS; DEGRADATION AB Anion conductive polymers are of value in anion exchange membrane (AEM) fuel cells. A series anion conductive polymers composed of partially fluorinated multiblock copoly(arylene ether) s (mPEs) with long head-group tethers were synthesized via polycondensation and Friedel-Crafts reaction. The relationship between chemical structure, membrane morphology and physical properties was explored by varying the length of the hydrophilic and hydrophobic blocks and the number of tethers per hydrophilic repeat unit in the synthesized multiblock copolymers. Efficient, ion-conductive nanochannels were formed by using nanophase-separation of the multiblock copolymer to improve channel formation and ionic conductivity without inducing excess water uptake (WU). The hydrophobicity of the partially fluorinated backbone further reduced the WU. Doubling the number of head-groups resulted in more than doubling the hydroxide ion conductivity. From the study of the number of freezable and bound water molecules per head-group, it was found that bound water played a dominant role in ion transport, while excess unbound water led to higher unproductive WU. Multiblock copolymer AEMs with high hydroxide conductivity, up to 119 mS cm(-1) were obtained. Polymers with an attractive OH- conductivity of 94 mS cm(-1) at 80 degrees C, and low WU of 26.7% with a modest ion exchange capacity were also obtained. The membranes showed excellent alkaline stability due to the use of the long head-group tether structure and partial fluorination. Less than 1.5% conductivity loss was observed after soaking the membrane in 1 M NaOH solution at 60 degrees C for over 1000 h. Membranes with higher ionic conductivity showed lower oxygen diffusivity and permeability. C1 [Liu, Lisha] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Mat Sci & Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Ahlfield, John; Tricker, Andrew; Kohl, Paul A.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Chem & Biomol Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Chu, Deryn] US Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Kohl, PA (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Chem & Biomol Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. EM kohl@gatech.edu FU Army Research Laboratory FX We thank Shengming Li for the assistance of AFM test and gratefully acknowledge the financial support of the Army Research Laboratory. NR 35 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 12 U2 12 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 2050-7488 EI 2050-7496 J9 J MATER CHEM A JI J. Mater. Chem. A PY 2016 VL 4 IS 41 BP 16233 EP 16244 DI 10.1039/c6ta06653d PG 12 WC Chemistry, Physical; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA EB2DR UT WOS:000387168300053 ER PT S AU Eichenberg, NT Leger, AS Spruce, J AF Eichenberg, Neal T. Leger, Aaron St. Spruce, Jeremy GP IEEE TI Impacts of Thermally Efficient Structures and Photovoltaic Sources in Military Microgrids SO 2016 CLEMSON UNIVERSITY POWER SYSTEMS CONFERENCE (PSC) SE Clemson University Power Systems Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Clemson-University Power Systems Conference (PSC) CY MAR 08-11, 2016 CL Clemson, SC SP Clemson Univ DE Energy consumption; Hybrid power systems; Microgrids; Solar energy; Thermal analysis AB A reliable supply of electrical energy is critically important to the United States Armed Forces operating in deployed environments. Reducing energy requirements through utilizing renewable energy platforms, such as solar photovoltaics, can be effective at reducing the operational cost and risk. This work quantifies the impacts of high thermal efficiency structures with integrated solar photovoltaic sources (PV) on small to moderate size forward operating bases (FOBs). Representative demand profiles were developed and presented for FOBs with an emphasis on modeling the environmental control unit (ECU) demand. A detailed ECU model, based on real world data, is presented and corresponding FOB demand profiles are presented. An optimal selection of generation resources were determined via simulation and analyzed. The results presented here show that efficient dramatically reduce energy consumption, generation capacity and diesel fuel consumption. PV sources are also shown to be an economically viable generation resource in this application. C1 [Eichenberg, Neal T.; Leger, Aaron St.; Spruce, Jeremy] US Mil Acad, Dept Elect Engn, West Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Eichenberg, NT (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Elect Engn, West Point, NY 10996 USA. EM neal.eichenberg@usma.edu; aaron.stleger@usma.edu; jeremy.spruce@usma.edu NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2469-8830 BN 978-1-5090-0687-8 J9 CLEM UNIV POWER SYST PY 2016 PG 5 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA BG0WP UT WOS:000386537400029 ER PT J AU Coburn, WO AF Coburn, William O'Keefe GP IEEE TI Ultra-Wideband Planar Antennas: Slot vs. Monopole SO 2016 IEEE/ACES INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON WIRELESS INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY AND SYSTEMS (ICWITS) AND APPLIED COMPUTATIONAL ELECTROMAGNETICS (ACES) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE/ACES International Conference on Wireless Information Technology (ICWITS) and System and Applied Computational Electromagnetics (ACES) CY MAR 13-17, 2016 CL Honolulu, HI SP IEEE Antennas & Propagat Soc, Appl Computat Electromagnet Soc, IEEE DE planar; ultra-wideband; slot; monopole antenna AB Planar antenna designs have many advantages such as low-profile, light-weight, and ease of fabrication and integration. Here, a planar monopole and a slot-type antenna of the same overall size on a thin substrate with coplanar waveguide feed are compared. This paper summarizes a numerical investigation using both frequency and time-domain solvers. The results serve to guide the future analysis of broadband antennas for ground penetrating radars. C1 [Coburn, William O'Keefe] US Army, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Coburn, WO (reprint author), US Army, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM william.o.coburn.civ@mail.mil NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-5090-1259-6 PY 2016 PG 2 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Engineering; Telecommunications GA BG0WM UT WOS:000386537100118 ER PT J AU Grinfeld, M McDonald, J Niederhaus, J AF Grinfeld, Michael McDonald, Jason Niederhaus, John GP IEEE TI ALEGRA Based Computation of Magnetostatic Configurations SO 2016 IEEE/ACES INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON WIRELESS INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY AND SYSTEMS (ICWITS) AND APPLIED COMPUTATIONAL ELECTROMAGNETICS (ACES) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE/ACES International Conference on Wireless Information Technology (ICWITS) and System and Applied Computational Electromagnetics (ACES) CY MAR 13-17, 2016 CL Honolulu, HI SP IEEE Antennas & Propagat Soc, Appl Computat Electromagnet Soc, IEEE DE Computer code ALEGRA; benchmark exact solutions; validation and verification; magnetic field diffusion AB We explore how reliable the ALEGRA MHD code is in its static limit. Also, we explore (in the quasi-static approximation) the process of evolution of the magnetic fields inside and outside an inclusion and the parameters for which the quasi-static approach provides for self-consistent results. C1 [Grinfeld, Michael; McDonald, Jason] US Army, Res Lab, Protect Div, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. [Niederhaus, John] Sandia Natl Labs, Ctr Res Comp, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. RP Grinfeld, M (reprint author), US Army, Res Lab, Protect Div, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. EM michael.grinfeld4.civ@mail.mil; jason.r.mcdonald27.civ@mail.mil; jhniede@sandia.gov NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-5090-1259-6 PY 2016 PG 2 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Engineering; Telecommunications GA BG0WM UT WOS:000386537100190 ER PT J AU Grinfeld, M Grinfeld, P AF Grinfeld, Michael Grinfeld, Pavel GP IEEE TI Static, Quasi-Static, and Dynamic Variational Approaches in Electromagnetism SO 2016 IEEE/ACES INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON WIRELESS INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY AND SYSTEMS (ICWITS) AND APPLIED COMPUTATIONAL ELECTROMAGNETICS (ACES) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE/ACES International Conference on Wireless Information Technology (ICWITS) and System and Applied Computational Electromagnetics (ACES) CY MAR 13-17, 2016 CL Honolulu, HI SP IEEE Antennas & Propagat Soc, Appl Computat Electromagnet Soc, IEEE DE electromagnetism; variational principles; numerical methods; steepest descent AB We discuss variational approaches in the static, quasi-static, and dynamic problems of electromagnetism. On the basis of postulated principles we derive the objects necessary for consistent formulation of forces and generalized chemical potentials. We emphasize the key importance of various divergence-free tensors, generalizing the Maxwell stress tensor and energy-momentum tensors. C1 [Grinfeld, Michael] US Army, Protect Div, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. [Grinfeld, Pavel] Drexel Univ, Dept Math, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. RP Grinfeld, M (reprint author), US Army, Protect Div, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. EM michael.greenfield4.civ@mail.mil; pg@math.drexel.edu NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-5090-1259-6 PY 2016 PG 2 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Engineering; Telecommunications GA BG0WM UT WOS:000386537100126 ER PT J AU Hastings, A AF Hastings, Alex GP IEEE TI Modeling of RF Propagation in a Radio Repeater Environment SO 2016 IEEE/ACES INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON WIRELESS INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY AND SYSTEMS (ICWITS) AND APPLIED COMPUTATIONAL ELECTROMAGNETICS (ACES) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE/ACES International Conference on Wireless Information Technology (ICWITS) and System and Applied Computational Electromagnetics (ACES) CY MAR 13-17, 2016 CL Honolulu, HI SP IEEE Antennas & Propagat Soc, Appl Computat Electromagnet Soc, IEEE DE Propagation; Repeaters; Delay Spread; ISI AB This paper investigates situations involving the use of RF repeaters at the same frequency as the original signal and the modeling required to predict system interference and the standoff distances required for functional radio links. C1 [Hastings, Alex] US Army, RF Modeling & Simulat, CERDEC, Aberdeen, MD USA. RP Hastings, A (reprint author), US Army, RF Modeling & Simulat, CERDEC, Aberdeen, MD USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-5090-1259-6 PY 2016 PG 2 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Engineering; Telecommunications GA BG0WM UT WOS:000386537100187 ER PT J AU Infantolino, J Richie, D AF Infantolino, Jamie Richie, David GP IEEE TI Compile-Time Type Selection of Optimized Data Layout and Memory Access Patterns for FDTD Calculations SO 2016 IEEE/ACES INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON WIRELESS INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY AND SYSTEMS (ICWITS) AND APPLIED COMPUTATIONAL ELECTROMAGNETICS (ACES) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE/ACES International Conference on Wireless Information Technology (ICWITS) and System and Applied Computational Electromagnetics (ACES) CY MAR 13-17, 2016 CL Honolulu, HI SP IEEE Antennas & Propagat Soc, Appl Computat Electromagnet Soc, IEEE DE FDTD; optimizations AB The Finite Difference Time Domain Method (FDTD) is a full-wave electromagnetic solution. FDTD is computationally intensive with performance depending critically on optimizations of instruction and memory access patterns. We examine the use of compile-time type selection for the optimization of data layouts for different processors to allow for better software maintainability in the context of rapidly evolving computing architectures. The method employs C++ templated meta-programming to enable to the greatest extent possible the use of an optimizing compiler while maintaining a single-source implementation of the computational kernels. C1 [Infantolino, Jamie] Army Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 20783 USA. [Richie, David] Brown Deer Technol, Forest Hill, MD USA. RP Infantolino, J (reprint author), Army Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 20783 USA. EM Jamie.K.Infantolino.ctr@mail.mil; drichie@browndeertechnology.com NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-5090-1259-6 PY 2016 PG 2 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Engineering; Telecommunications GA BG0WM UT WOS:000386537100086 ER PT J AU McCormick, SA Coburn, WO AF McCormick, Seth A. Coburn, William O. GP IEEE TI Microstrip Grid Array Fed against an EBG SO 2016 IEEE/ACES INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON WIRELESS INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY AND SYSTEMS (ICWITS) AND APPLIED COMPUTATIONAL ELECTROMAGNETICS (ACES) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE/ACES International Conference on Wireless Information Technology (ICWITS) and System and Applied Computational Electromagnetics (ACES) CY MAR 13-17, 2016 CL Honolulu, HI SP IEEE Antennas & Propagat Soc, Appl Computat Electromagnet Soc, IEEE DE microstrip grid array; low profile antennas; electromagnetic band gap AB A new way to use an electromagnetic band gap structure for a particular antenna application is presented. A prototype microstrip grid array is shown to be capable of being fed against the surface of an electromagnetic band grap structure such that the array and feed are kept separate from the ground plane that is typically required for feeding. The array can then be placed on any surface suitable enough to act as a ground plane. Simulations of the baseline and prototype are presented. C1 [McCormick, Seth A.; Coburn, William O.] US Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP McCormick, SA (reprint author), US Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM seth.a.mccormick.ctr@mail.mil; william.o.coburn.civ@mail.mil NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-5090-1259-6 PY 2016 PG 2 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Engineering; Telecommunications GA BG0WM UT WOS:000386537100128 ER PT J AU Mitchell, G Zaghloul, A AF Mitchell, Gregory Zaghloul, Amir GP IEEE TI Reduced Footprint of a Multi-band, Dual Polarization Microstrip Antenna SO 2016 IEEE/ACES INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON WIRELESS INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY AND SYSTEMS (ICWITS) AND APPLIED COMPUTATIONAL ELECTROMAGNETICS (ACES) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE/ACES International Conference on Wireless Information Technology (ICWITS) and System and Applied Computational Electromagnetics (ACES) CY MAR 13-17, 2016 CL Honolulu, HI SP IEEE Antennas & Propagat Soc, Appl Computat Electromagnet Soc, IEEE DE multi-band antenna; dual-polarization; dual-substrate ID BAND AB We present a scalable, dual-band and dual-polarization microstrip antenna designed for the S-and X-bands. The S-band element is a microstrip square annular ring shorted with vias on the inner edge to suppress surface waves. The X-band element is a concentric annular ring slot shorted on the outer edge of the slot. Both elements achieve circular polarization by truncating opposing corners of the two square rings. Both elements utilize two orthogonal feeds to allow either right hand or left hand circular polarization. Our results show performance optimized for the S-band element at 2.95 GHz and 3.5 GHz. We reduce the footprint of the S-band element by loading the outer element using a dielectric with epsilon(r) = 5.0 achieving a 32% reduction in footprint versus a dielectric with epsilon(r) = 2.33. We achieve a peak realized gain to boresight of 3.1 dB. C1 [Mitchell, Gregory; Zaghloul, Amir] US Army, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Mitchell, G (reprint author), US Army, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM gregory.a.mitchell1.civ@mail.mil; amirz@vt.edu NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-5090-1259-6 PY 2016 PG 2 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Engineering; Telecommunications GA BG0WM UT WOS:000386537100185 ER PT J AU Smith, WR Palafox, G AF Smith, William R.Dick Palafox, George GP IEEE TI Electromagnetic Interference Among Cables and Antennas on Military Ground Vehicles SO 2016 IEEE/ACES INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON WIRELESS INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY AND SYSTEMS (ICWITS) AND APPLIED COMPUTATIONAL ELECTROMAGNETICS (ACES) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE/ACES International Conference on Wireless Information Technology (ICWITS) and System and Applied Computational Electromagnetics (ACES) CY MAR 13-17, 2016 CL Honolulu, HI SP IEEE Antennas & Propagat Soc, Appl Computat Electromagnet Soc, IEEE DE EMI; antennas; cable harnesses; military ground vehicles; electromagnetic simulation AB Electromagnetic interference (EMI) affecting radios on military vehicles can arrive via unwanted coupling among multiple antennas and cables on the platform. Using commercial electromagnetic simulation software and an S-parameter model addressing multiple interferers originating at various locations on the platform, we show that resonances of the vehicle body are a critical factor to consider for accurate EMI prediction and implementation of mitigating design measures. C1 [Smith, William R.Dick] US Army, Sabre Syst, CERDEC S&TCD, Aberdeen, MD USA. [Palafox, George] US Army, CERDEC S&TCD, Aberdeen, MD USA. RP Smith, WR (reprint author), US Army, Sabre Syst, CERDEC S&TCD, Aberdeen, MD USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-5090-1259-6 PY 2016 PG 2 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Engineering; Telecommunications GA BG0WM UT WOS:000386537100186 ER PT J AU Weiss, S Mitchell, G AF Weiss, Steven Mitchell, Gregory GP IEEE TI Rapidly Deployed Communication Nodes using Self-Righting Antennas SO 2016 IEEE/ACES INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON WIRELESS INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY AND SYSTEMS (ICWITS) AND APPLIED COMPUTATIONAL ELECTROMAGNETICS (ACES) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE/ACES International Conference on Wireless Information Technology (ICWITS) and System and Applied Computational Electromagnetics (ACES) CY MAR 13-17, 2016 CL Honolulu, HI SP IEEE Antennas & Propagat Soc, Appl Computat Electromagnet Soc, IEEE DE Self-Righting Antenna; communication link AB Within RF contested or degraded environments it is often necessary to establish a communication link using quickly deployable nodes. The need for a rapid set-up time can be accommodated if the node's antenna establishes itself upon deployment without the need for manual adjustment. One class of antenna that minimizes set up time is the self-righting antenna. This antenna is housed within the electronics of the deployable node. Once the node is placed, the antenna automatically uprights itself and establishes a link to other nodes in the communication link. C1 [Weiss, Steven; Mitchell, Gregory] US Army, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20904 USA. RP Weiss, S (reprint author), US Army, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20904 USA. EM steven.j.weiss14.civ@mail.mil; gregory.a.mitchell1.civ@mail.mil NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-5090-1259-6 PY 2016 PG 2 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Engineering; Telecommunications GA BG0WM UT WOS:000386537100184 ER PT J AU Graves, E Yu, P Spasojevic, P AF Graves, Eric Yu, Paul Spasojevic, Predrag GP IEEE TI Keyless authentication in the presence of a simultaneously transmitting adversary SO 2016 IEEE INFORMATION THEORY WORKSHOP (ITW) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Information Theory Workshop (ITW) CY SEP 11-14, 2016 CL Cambridge, ENGLAND SP IEEE ID PHYSICAL-LAYER; CHANNELS AB If Alice must communicate with Bob over a channel shared with the adversarial Eve, then Bob must be able to validate the authenticity of the message. In particular we consider the model where Alice and Eve share a discrete memoryless multiple access channel with Bob, thus allowing simultaneous transmissions from Alice and Eve. By traditional random coding arguments, we demonstrate an inner bound on the rate at which Alice may transmit, while still granting Bob the ability to authenticate. Furthermore this is accomplished in spite of Alice and Bob lacking a pre-shared key, as well as allowing Eve prior knowledge of both the codebook Alice and Bob share and the messages Alice transmits. C1 [Graves, Eric; Yu, Paul] US Army, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. [Spasojevic, Predrag] Rutgers State Univ, WINLAB, ECE Dept, New Brunswick, NJ USA. RP Graves, E (reprint author), US Army, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM ericsgra@ufl.edu; paul.l.yu.civ@mail.mil; spasojev@winlab.rutgers.edu NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-5090-1090-5 PY 2016 PG 5 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BG1CD UT WOS:000386639100041 ER PT S AU Brown, R McIlwain, S Willson, B Hackett, M AF Brown, Randy McIlwain, Steve Willson, Brad Hackett, Matthew GP IEEE TI Enhancing Combat Medic Training with 3D Virtual Environments SO 2016 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SERIOUS GAMES AND APPLICATIONS FOR HEALTH SE IEEE International Conference on Serious Games and Applications for Health LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Conference on Serious Games and Applications for Health CY MAY 11-13, 2016 CL Orlando, FL SP UCF, Univ Central Florida, Florida Interact Entertainment Acad, Inst Politecnico Cavado Ave, Escola Superior Tecnologia, IEEE, IEEE Comp Soc DE virtual; training; simulation; combat medic; 3D; games-based training; VR training; self-directed; instructor-led; immersive; 68W; real-time physiology; physiology model; BioGears ID SIMULATION AB Mannequin training is a key component of combat medic training, but availability of such training can be limited. Virtual environments can provide a risk-free setting to teach, practice, and reinforce triage and treatment skills without a need for an instructor presence. This paper discusses the Combat Medic application, geared towards US Army MOS 68W combat medics, focusing on step-by-step training for addressing the top three causes of preventable deaths on the modern battlefield (hemorrhage, airway management, and tension pneumothorax). The application is designed to virtually replicate a traditional simulation experience without the need for instructor driven physiological responses and allowing a wide range of training modalities: self-directed individual training, instructor-directed individual training (remote or onsite), self-directed group training (remote or onsite), instructor-directed group training (remote or onsite), along with instructor review of game sessions. C1 [Brown, Randy; McIlwain, Steve; Willson, Brad] Appl Res Associates, Virtual Heroes Div, Raleigh, NC 27615 USA. [Hackett, Matthew] US Army Res Lab, Simulat & Training Technol Ctr, Orlando, FL USA. RP Brown, R (reprint author), Appl Res Associates, Virtual Heroes Div, Raleigh, NC 27615 USA. EM rbrown@ara.com; smcilwain@ara.com; bwillson@ara.com; matthew.g.hackett@us.army.mil NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2330-5649 BN 978-1-5090-2209-0 J9 IEEE INT CONF SERIOU PY 2016 PG 7 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Medical Informatics SC Computer Science; Engineering; Medical Informatics GA BG0YN UT WOS:000386581100022 ER PT J AU Patton, J Zaghloul, AI AF Patton, John Zaghloul, Amir I. GP IEEE TI GPS Antennas for Small Unmanned Aerial Systems (SUAS) SO 2016 URSI ASIA-PACIFIC RADIO SCIENCE CONFERENCE (URSI AP-RASC) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT URSI Asia-Pacific Radio Science Conference (URSI AP-RASC) CY AUG 21-25, 2016 CL Seoul, SOUTH KOREA SP KIEES, URSI, Natl Radio Res Agcy, Elect & Telecommunicat Res Inst, Korea Astron & Space Sci Inst, NFRI, EiC, IEEE Antennas & Propagat Soc, IEEE Antennas & Propagat Soc Seoul Chapter, KICS, IEIE, KOFST, SEOUL Metropolitan Govt, Korea Tourism Org, Samsung, LG Innotek, LIG, LG Elect, SK Telecom, Hanwha Thales, Kt, MTG DE GPS; SUAS AB The paper presents some of the current options in antenna designs for GPS on board small unmanned aerial systems. These include patch antennas, quadrifilar helix antennas, choke ring antennas, smart antennas, and synthetic aperture arrays. Of special interest is the measures in the antenna design to mitigate intentional jamming and other interference sources, whether intentional or unintentional. Optimal parameters in the antenna design are presented. C1 [Patton, John; Zaghloul, Amir I.] Virginia Tech, Falls Church, VA 22043 USA. [Zaghloul, Amir I.] US Army, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Patton, J (reprint author), Virginia Tech, Falls Church, VA 22043 USA. EM gte011q@vt.edu; amirz@vt.edu NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4673-8801-6 PY 2016 BP 181 EP 184 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BG0TH UT WOS:000386515800023 ER PT J AU Rabalais, CP Crane, CK AF Rabalais, Christopher P. Crane, C. Kennan TI Dynamic Shear Strength of Riveted Structural Connections SO ENGINEERING JOURNAL-AMERICAN INSTITUTE OF STEEL CONSTRUCTION LA English DT Article DE rivet; shear strength; dynamic loading; quasi-static loading; dynamic increase factor AB Riveted lap-spliced specimens were tested to observe how the fasteners' shear strengths were affected by joint configuration, number of shear planes, and loading type. A 200,000-lbf-capacity dynamic loader was used to fail the specimens under a monotonic dynamic or monotonic quasi-static load. The test data were normalized by the number of shear planes loaded in each test and estimated ultimate tensile strength of the driven rivet. A statistical analysis ( ANOVA and t-test) was conducted on data sets from the 86 tests to determine the significant factors affecting the fastener shear strength. Conclusions from the analyses indicated that the loading type has the most significant effect on shear capacity, resulting in a dynamic increase factor of 1.72 relative to the rivet's quasi-static shear capacity. Shear type did have an effect on riveted specimens performance. Joint configuration only affected the response of riveted specimens under dynamic loadings. C1 [Rabalais, Christopher P.; Crane, C. Kennan] USACE ERDC, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Rabalais, CP (reprint author), USACE ERDC, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. EM Christopher.P.Rabalais@usace.army.mil; Charles.k.crane@usace.army.mil FU Department of Homeland Security; Federal Highway Administration FX This research projected was supported and funded by the Department of Homeland Security and the Federal Highway Administration. They participated in the research through interagency agreements with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers-Engineer Research and Development Center. Permission to publish was granted by the Director, Geotechnical and Structures Laboratory, Engineer Research and Development Center, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. Ballard Forge, Seattle, Washington, was contracted to hot-drive rivets to assemble the test specimens. Rivets were procured from Jay-Cee Sales & Rivets Inc., Farmington, Michigan. This paper is a portion of a thesis published by the primary author for partial fulfillment of a master's of science degree from Texas A&M University. Dr. William L. Beason of Texas A&M University was the thesis committee chairman. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST STEEL CONSTRUCTION PI CHICAGO PA ONE EAST WACKER DR, SUITE 3100, CHICAGO, IL 60601-2001 USA SN 0013-8029 J9 ENG J AISC JI Eng. J.-Amer. Inst. Steel Constr. PY 2016 VL 53 IS 4 BP 203 EP 214 PG 12 WC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Civil SC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering GA EA4GM UT WOS:000386569000002 ER PT J AU Azzolina, NA Kreitinger, JP Skorobogatov, Y Shaw, RK AF Azzolina, Nicholas A. Kreitinger, Joseph P. Skorobogatov, Yelena Shaw, Richard K. TI Background concentrations of PAHs and metals in surface and subsurface soils collected throughout Manhattan, New York SO ENVIRONMENTAL FORENSICS LA English DT Article DE Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons; metals; soil; background; Manhattan; SCOs AB This article summarizes the results from a survey of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) and metal concentrations measured in surface and subsurface soil samples that were collected from background locations throughout Manhattan, New York, between August 2005 and May 2006. The 95th percentile total 16 US EPA Priority Pollutant PAH concentrations in surface and subsurface soils were 24.8 and 53.1mg/kg, respectively. Diagnostic PAH source ratios for surface and subsurface soils are presented, which provide plausible bounds for where these ratios would and would not be able to confidently differentiate background soils from soil samples that are impacted by PAH contamination. The 95th percentile concentrations for lead in surface and subsurface soils were 891 and 2,540mg/kg, respectively, and the 95th percentile concentrations for mercury in surface and subsurface soils were 1.9 and 2.7mg/kg, respectively. A not-unexpected finding of the study was that most surface soils and all subsurface soils contained a relatively high fraction of anthropogenic carbon, in addition to the presence of historic fill materials such as glass, brick, coal, and slag from more than 400years of human activity on Manhattan Island. The concentration ranges for PAHs and metals measured in these background soil samples, coupled with the visual observations of historic fill materials in nearly all soil samples, emphasize that soils in Manhattan are altogether different from rural soils and thus warrant a different framework for site management decisions than rural soils. C1 [Azzolina, Nicholas A.] CETER Grp Inc, 1027 Faversham Way, Green Bay, WI 54313 USA. [Kreitinger, Joseph P.] US Army Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Ithaca, NY USA. [Skorobogatov, Yelena] Consolidated Edison Co New York Inc, Astoria, NY USA. [Shaw, Richard K.] NRCS, USDA, Somerset, NJ USA. RP Azzolina, NA (reprint author), CETER Grp Inc, 1027 Faversham Way, Green Bay, WI 54313 USA. EM nick.azzolina@gmail.com FU Consolidated Edison Company of New York, Inc. FX This work was supported by Consolidated Edison Company of New York, Inc. NR 37 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OR14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1527-5922 EI 1527-5930 J9 ENVIRON FORENSICS JI Environ. Forensics PY 2016 VL 17 IS 4 BP 294 EP 310 DI 10.1080/15275922.2016.1230905 PG 17 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA EA5RX UT WOS:000386681600003 ER PT J AU Li, WL Mayo, JT Benoit, DN Troyer, LD Lewicka, ZA Lafferty, BJ Catalano, JG Lee, SS Colvin, VL Fortner, JD AF Li, Wenlu Mayo, John T. Benoit, Denise N. Troyer, Lyndsay D. Lewicka, Zuzanna A. Lafferty, Brandon J. Catalano, Jeffrey G. Lee, Seung Soo Colvin, Vicki L. Fortner, John D. TI Engineered superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles for ultra-enhanced uranium separation and sensing SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY A LA English DT Article ID RAY-ABSORPTION SPECTROSCOPY; BENDING MAGNET BEAMLINE; ADVANCED PHOTON SOURCE; ALPHA-SPECTROMETRY; AQUEOUS-SOLUTIONS; NANOCRYSTALLINE MAGNETITE; DRINKING-WATER; SORPTION; REMOVAL; URANYL AB Rapid separation and analysis of radionuclides in the environment remains a challenge despite broad needs, particularly for ultra-sensitive field detection. Ionizing radiation detection/counting can be limited by sample matrix shielding and long integration times, while more sensitive spectrometry requires extensive sample preparation and advanced instrumentation. In this work we have designed, synthesized, and demonstrated optimized iron oxide nanoparticles (IONPs) for low-energy, high-efficiency separation and concentration for ultra low-level uranium (as a model actinide) sensing in dilute (environmental) applications. Monodispersed single crystalline, IONPs with an ordered, oleic acid bilayer coating, are demonstrated to bind ca. 50% wt U/wt Fe, under optimal conditions, which is the highest reported for any iron-based sorbent materials to date. Superparamagnetic material properties allow for subsequent low-field magnetic separations from heterogeneous and relatively large (dilute) aqueous volumes resulting in highly concentrated residues. Through a final filtration step, high particle (aqueous) stability gives rise to self-assembling, homogenous, sub-micron films, arranged to minimize alpha-particle self-shielding, thus allowing for optimized sensitivity/detection with a handheld Gieger counter. Taken together, we demonstrate a ca. 10 000-fold increase in uranium detection sensitivity when compared to commercially available nanoscale IONPs (combining sorption and detection/counting enhancements). Lastly, these advantages are demonstrated for real world samples. C1 [Li, Wenlu; Lee, Seung Soo; Fortner, John D.] Washington Univ, Dept Energy Environm & Chem Engn, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. [Mayo, John T.; Benoit, Denise N.] Rice Univ, Dept Chem, POB 1892, Houston, TX 77005 USA. [Troyer, Lyndsay D.; Catalano, Jeffrey G.] Washington Univ, Dept Earth & Planetary Sci, St Louis, MO 63130 USA. [Lewicka, Zuzanna A.] Rice Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Houston, TX 77005 USA. [Lafferty, Brandon J.] US Army, Corps Engineers, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. [Colvin, Vicki L.] Brown Univ, Dept Chem, Providence, RI 02912 USA. RP Fortner, JD (reprint author), Washington Univ, Dept Energy Environm & Chem Engn, St Louis, MO 63130 USA.; Colvin, VL (reprint author), Brown Univ, Dept Chem, Providence, RI 02912 USA. EM vicki_colvin@brown.ed; jfortner@wustl.edu RI Catalano, Jeffrey/A-8322-2013; BM, MRCAT/G-7576-2011 OI Catalano, Jeffrey/0000-0001-9311-977X; FU Center for Biological and Environmental Nanotechnology [EEC-0647452]; Robert A. Welch foundation [C-1346]; American Chemical Society's Petroleum Research Fund [52640-DNI10]; National Science Foundation (NSF) (CBET) [1236653, 1437820]; U.S. Army Corps of Engineers [W912HZ-13-2-0009-P00001]; Department of Energy (DOE) Subsurface Biogeochemical Research Program [DE-SC0006857]; NSF [ECS-0335765]; U.S. National Science Foundation [EAR-1161543]; DOE Office of Science by Argonne National Laboratory [DE-AC02-06CH11357] FX The authors thank the Center for Biological and Environmental Nanotechnology (EEC-0647452), the Robert A. Welch foundation (C-1346), the American Chemical Society's Petroleum Research Fund (#52640-DNI10), the National Science Foundation (NSF) (CBET, #1236653 and #1437820), U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (W912HZ-13-2-0009-P00001), and the Department of Energy (DOE) Subsurface Biogeochemical Research Program (DE-SC0006857) for support of this work. BET, TEM, DLS, Ultracentrifugation, and ICP-OES/MS measurements were provided by the Nano Research Facility (NRF) at Washington University in St. Louis, a member of the National Nanotechnology Infrastructure Network (NNIN), which is supported by the NSF (#ECS-0335765). XRD measurements were made possible by a grant from the U.S. National Science Foundation (EAR-1161543). This research used resources of the Advanced Photon Source, a U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) Office of Science User Facility operated for the DOE Office of Science by Argonne National Laboratory under Contract No. DE-AC02-06CH11357. The authors also thank Prof. Daniel E. Giammar for his assistance and helpful discussion. NR 51 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 13 U2 13 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 2050-7488 EI 2050-7496 J9 J MATER CHEM A JI J. Mater. Chem. A PY 2016 VL 4 IS 39 BP 15022 EP 15029 DI 10.1039/c6ta04709b PG 8 WC Chemistry, Physical; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA EA5YH UT WOS:000386700600017 ER PT S AU Marble, S AF Marble, Sanders BE Marble, S TI King of Battle Artillery in World War I Preface SO KING OF BATTLE: ARTILLERY IN WORLD WAR I SE History of Warfare LA English DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter C1 [Marble, Sanders] US Army, Arlington, VA 22211 USA. RP Marble, S (reprint author), US Army, Arlington, VA 22211 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BRILL PI PA LEIDEN PA PO BOX 9000, NL-2300 PA LEIDEN, NETHERLANDS SN 1385-7827 BN 978-90-04-30728-5; 978-90-04-30524-3 J9 HIST WARFARE PY 2016 VL 108 BP VII EP VII D2 10.1163/9789004307285 PG 1 WC History SC History GA BF9WL UT WOS:000386009200001 ER PT S AU Marble, S AF Marble, Sanders BE Marble, S TI The British Artillery in World War I SO KING OF BATTLE: ARTILLERY IN WORLD WAR I SE History of Warfare LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Marble, Sanders] US Army, Arlington, VA 22211 USA. RP Marble, S (reprint author), US Army, Arlington, VA 22211 USA. NR 45 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BRILL PI PA LEIDEN PA PO BOX 9000, NL-2300 PA LEIDEN, NETHERLANDS SN 1385-7827 BN 978-90-04-30728-5; 978-90-04-30524-3 J9 HIST WARFARE PY 2016 VL 108 BP 35 EP 61 DI 10.1163/9789004307285_003 D2 10.1163/9789004307285 PG 27 WC History SC History GA BF9WL UT WOS:000386009200003 ER PT S AU Zabecki, DT AF Zabecki, David T. BE Marble, S TI German Artillery in the First World War SO KING OF BATTLE: ARTILLERY IN WORLD WAR I SE History of Warfare LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Zabecki, David T.] US Army, Arlington, VA USA. [Zabecki, David T.] Univ Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England. RP Zabecki, DT (reprint author), Univ Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, W Midlands, England. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BRILL PI PA LEIDEN PA PO BOX 9000, NL-2300 PA LEIDEN, NETHERLANDS SN 1385-7827 BN 978-90-04-30728-5; 978-90-04-30524-3 J9 HIST WARFARE PY 2016 VL 108 BP 101 EP 125 DI 10.1163/9789004307285_005 D2 10.1163/9789004307285 PG 25 WC History SC History GA BF9WL UT WOS:000386009200005 ER PT S AU Dastrup, B AF Dastrup, Boyd BE Marble, S TI Conclusion: Artillery as a Result of World War I SO KING OF BATTLE: ARTILLERY IN WORLD WAR I SE History of Warfare LA English DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter C1 [Dastrup, Boyd] US Army, Field Artillery Sch, Arlington, VA 22211 USA. RP Dastrup, B (reprint author), US Army, Field Artillery Sch, Arlington, VA 22211 USA. NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BRILL PI PA LEIDEN PA PO BOX 9000, NL-2300 PA LEIDEN, NETHERLANDS SN 1385-7827 BN 978-90-04-30728-5; 978-90-04-30524-3 J9 HIST WARFARE PY 2016 VL 108 BP 360 EP 376 DI 10.1163/9789004307285_015 D2 10.1163/9789004307285 PG 17 WC History SC History GA BF9WL UT WOS:000386009200015 ER PT J AU Papernot, N McDaniel, P Jha, S Fredrikson, M Celik, ZB Swami, A AF Papernot, Nicolas McDaniel, Patrick Jha, Somesh Fredrikson, Matt Celik, Z. Berkay Swami, Ananthram GP IEEE TI The Limitations of Deep Learning in Adversarial Settings SO 1ST IEEE EUROPEAN SYMPOSIUM ON SECURITY AND PRIVACY LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1st IEEE European Symposium on Security and Privacy (Euro S&P) CY MAR 21-24, 2016 CL Saarbruecken, GERMANY SP IEEE Comp Soc, IEEE, IEEE Comp Soc Tech Comm Secur & Privacy ID SECURITY AB Deep learning takes advantage of large datasets and computationally efficient training algorithms to outperform other approaches at various machine learning tasks. However, imperfections in the training phase of deep neural networks make them vulnerable to adversarial samples: inputs crafted by adversaries with the intent of causing deep neural networks to misclassify. In this work, we formalize the space of adversaries against deep neural networks (DNNs) and introduce a novel class of algorithms to craft adversarial samples based on a precise understanding of the mapping between inputs and outputs of DNNs. In an application to computer vision, we show that our algorithms can reliably produce samples correctly classified by human subjects but misclassified in specific targets by a DNN with a 97% adversarial success rate while only modifying on average 4.02% of the input features per sample. We then evaluate the vulnerability of different sample classes to adversarial perturbations by defining a hardness measure. Finally, we describe preliminary work outlining defenses against adversarial samples by defining a predictive measure of distance between a benign input and a target classification. C1 [Papernot, Nicolas; McDaniel, Patrick; Celik, Z. Berkay] Penn State Univ, Dept Comp Sci & Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Jha, Somesh] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Comp Sci, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Fredrikson, Matt] Carnegie Mellon Univ, Sch Comp Sci, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. [Swami, Ananthram] US Army, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD USA. RP Papernot, N (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Comp Sci & Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM ngp5056@cse.psu.edu; mcdaniel@cse.psu.edu; jha@cs.wisc.edu; mfredrik@cs.wisc.edu; zbc102@cse.psu.edu; ananthram.swami.civ@mail.mil NR 36 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-5090-1752-2 PY 2016 BP 372 EP 387 DI 10.1109/EuroSP.2016.36 PG 16 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BG0JT UT WOS:000386286200024 ER PT J AU Huber, C McDaniel, P Brown, SE Marvel, L AF Huber, Charles McDaniel, Patrick Brown, Scott E. Marvel, Lisa GP IEEE TI Cyber Fighter Associate: A Decision Support System for Cyber Agility SO 2016 ANNUAL CONFERENCE ON INFORMATION SCIENCE AND SYSTEMS (CISS) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 50th Annual Conference on Information Science and Systems (CISS) CY MAR 16-18, 2016 CL Princeton Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Princeton, NJ HO Princeton Univ, Dept Elect Engn DE Decision Support; Security; Cyber Agility AB In the event of a cyber attack it is important for network defenders to make quick, informed decisions to secure assets. However, the human decision making process is slow and inefficient compared to the speed at which cyber operations can occur. The use of a decision support system (DSS) would help aid agility decisions to shorten the amount of time a network is insecure. In tactical military networks, such a DSS would need to consider constrained resources such as battery life and bandwidth as well as mission goals. In this paper we describe a DSS (Cyber Fighter Associate (CyFiA)) to help select agility maneuvers to contain and eliminate a malicious infection in a mobile ad hoc network (MANET). A variety of scenarios prioritizing factors such as node criticality, health, security and capability are employed. Our results show that CyFiA selects the best sequence of maneuvers for the scenarios and can reduce energy costs when securing a MANET. C1 [Huber, Charles; McDaniel, Patrick] Penn State Univ, State Coll, PA 16801 USA. [Brown, Scott E.] Secure Mission Solut, 2457 Aviat Ave,Suite 200, N Charleston, SC 29406 USA. [Marvel, Lisa] US Army, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Huber, C (reprint author), Penn State Univ, State Coll, PA 16801 USA. EM cjh5466@cse.psu.edu; seott.e.brown96.ctr@mail.mil; lisa.m.marvel.civ@mail.mil NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4673-9457-4 PY 2016 PG 6 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Information Science & Library Science SC Computer Science; Information Science & Library Science GA BG0JO UT WOS:000386277800036 ER PT S AU Jakabosky, J Ravenscroft, B Blunt, SD Martone, A AF Jakabosky, John Ravenscroft, Brandon Blunt, Shannon D. Martone, Anthony GP IEEE TI Gapped Spectrum Shaping for Tandem-Hopped Radar/Communications & Cognitive Sensing SO 2016 IEEE RADAR CONFERENCE (RADARCONF) SE IEEE Radar Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Radar Conference (RadarConf) CY MAY 02-06, 2016 CL Philadelphia, PA SP IEEE ID WAVE-FORM DESIGN; RADAR; TRANSMIT AB A non-repeating FMCW waveform was recently developed and experimentally demonstrated to provide a feasible instantiation of FM noise radar. This emission scheme was subsequently examined in terms of the impact of both stationary and hopped spectral gaps with the prospect of enabling in-band interference avoidance for cognitive sensing and possibly tandem hopped radar/communications. Here this gap-hopped spectrum framework is further explored with regard to the relation between the shaping of spectral gaps and the associated time sidelobe response. Experimental loopback measurements are shown that provide a sense of how this form of emission would operate on a real system. C1 [Jakabosky, John; Ravenscroft, Brandon; Blunt, Shannon D.] Univ Kansas, Radar Syst Lab, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. [Jakabosky, John] Naval Res Lab, Div Radar, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Martone, Anthony] US Army, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD USA. RP Jakabosky, J (reprint author), Univ Kansas, Radar Syst Lab, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA.; Jakabosky, J (reprint author), Naval Res Lab, Div Radar, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1097-5764 BN 978-1-5090-0863-6 J9 IEEE RAD CONF PY 2016 BP 22 EP 27 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BG0MM UT WOS:000386327800005 ER PT S AU Joy, S Nguyen, LH Tran, TD AF Joy, Sonia Nguyen, Lam H. Tran, Trac D. GP IEEE TI RADIO FREQUENCY INTERFERENCE SUPPRESSION IN ULTRA-WIDEBAND SYNTHETIC APERTURE RADAR USING RANGE-AZIMUTH SPARSE AND LOW-RANK MODEL SO 2016 IEEE RADAR CONFERENCE (RADARCONF) SE IEEE Radar Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Radar Conference (RadarConf) CY MAY 02-06, 2016 CL Philadelphia, PA SP IEEE ID RFI SUPPRESSION; ALGORITHM; SAR AB Ultra-wideband (UWB) Synthetic Aperture Radars (SAR) operate over a large bandwidth ranging from under 100 MHz to over a few Ghz. They often share spectrum with other systems such as radio, TV and cellular networks. The mitigation of radio frequency interference(RFI) from these sources is an important problem for UWB SAR systems. Traditional RFI suppression techniques such as notch filtering introduce side effects such as large sidelobes or poor peak-to-sidelobe ratio. More recently, methods based on sparsity and compressive sensing that do not have these side effects have been proposed. In particular, a sparse and low-rank method that models SAR data as a linear combination shifted SAR pulses and RFI to be of low-rank has been found to be effective. This model however uses the structure of SAR data in down-range direction only and ignores the structure in azimuth direction. In this paper, we propose to replace the data model with a new sparse model that incorporates structure in azimuth direction as well. We demonstrate that the new model has significantly better performance than the previously proposed model. It performs robustly even in the presence of high level of noise(-20 dB SNR) and does not suppress small targets like the previously proposed model did. C1 [Joy, Sonia; Tran, Trac D.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Nguyen, Lam H.] US Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Joy, S (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1097-5764 BN 978-1-5090-0863-6 J9 IEEE RAD CONF PY 2016 BP 433 EP 436 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BG0MM UT WOS:000386327800082 ER PT S AU Verdin, B Debroux, PS Flores, BC Pappu, CS AF Verdin, Berenice Debroux, Patrick S. Flores, Benjamin C. Pappu, Chandra S. GP IEEE TI High Resolution Digital Radar Design Using Chaotic AM Signals SO 2016 IEEE RADAR CONFERENCE (RADARCONF) SE IEEE Radar Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Radar Conference (RadarConf) CY MAY 02-06, 2016 CL Philadelphia, PA SP IEEE DE Chaotic Signals; Lorenz system; digital radar; bistatic radar; matched filter AB A digital chaotic radar scheme that can be used in bistatic configuration is proposed. The generation of the transmitted AM signal and all post-processing are performed digitally. The proposed methodology is simulated and then validated with an anechoic chamber test. Results indicate that chaotic AM signals have autocorrelation sidelobe levels below -20 dB. The methodology was evaluated at two bandwidths, 0.5 GHz and 1 GHz. In presence of interference, sidelobe levels of the matched filter stay below -15 dB for a SNR of 0 dB. The proposed methodology makes the use of chaotic signals in bistatic radar possible without the requirement of chaotic system synchronization. C1 [Verdin, Berenice; Debroux, Patrick S.] US Army, Res Lab, White Sands Missile Range, NM 88002 USA. [Flores, Benjamin C.; Pappu, Chandra S.] Univ Texas El Paso, El Paso, TX 79968 USA. RP Verdin, B (reprint author), US Army, Res Lab, White Sands Missile Range, NM 88002 USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1097-5764 BN 978-1-5090-0863-6 J9 IEEE RAD CONF PY 2016 BP 550 EP 553 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BG0MM UT WOS:000386327800105 ER PT S AU Nguyen, LH Tran, TD AF Nguyen, Lam H. Tran, Trac D. GP IEEE TI RFI-Radar Signal Separation via Simultaneous Low-rank and Sparse Recovery SO 2016 IEEE RADAR CONFERENCE (RADARCONF) SE IEEE Radar Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Radar Conference (RadarConf) CY MAY 02-06, 2016 CL Philadelphia, PA SP IEEE DE UWB; radar; SAR; interference; RFI; sparsity; sparse recovery; compressed sensing; noise-source separation ID WIDE-BAND RADAR; INTERFERENCE SUPPRESSION AB This paper presents a simple adaptive framework for robust separation and extraction of multiple sources of radio-frequency interference (RFI) from raw ultra-wideband (UWB) radar signals via simultaneous low-rank and sparse recovery in challenging bandwidth management environments. RFI sources pose critical challenges for UWB systems since (i) RFI often occupies a wide range of the radar's operating frequency spectrum; (ii) RFI might have significant power; and (iii) RFI signals are difficult to predict and model due to the non-stationary nature and the complexity of various communication devices. Our proposed framework advocates a joint sparse-and-low-rank recovery approach in the spirit of robust principal component analysis (RPCA) that simultaneously solves for RFI signals as low-rank structures and UWB synthetic aperture radar (SAR) signals as sparse impulsive outliers. Our technique is completely adaptive in highly time-varying environments and does not require any prior knowledge of the RFI sources (other than the low-rank assumption). Our method can be implemented as a denoising pre-processing stage for raw radar signals prior to image formation and other follow-up tasks such as target detection and classification. Recovery results from extensive simulated data sets as well as real-world signals collected by the U.S. Army Research Laboratory (ARL) UWB SAR systems illustrate the robustness and effectiveness of our framework. C1 [Nguyen, Lam H.] US Army Res Lab, RF Signal Proc & Modeling Branch, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. [Tran, Trac D.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. RP Nguyen, LH (reprint author), US Army Res Lab, RF Signal Proc & Modeling Branch, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM lam.h.nguyen2.civ@mail.mil; trac@jhu.edu NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1097-5764 BN 978-1-5090-0863-6 J9 IEEE RAD CONF PY 2016 BP 777 EP 781 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BG0MM UT WOS:000386327800151 ER PT S AU Martone, A Ranney, K Sherbondy, K AF Martone, Anthony Ranney, Kenneth Sherbondy, Kelly GP IEEE TI Genetic Algorithm for Adaptable Radar Bandwidth SO 2016 IEEE RADAR CONFERENCE (RADARCONF) SE IEEE Radar Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Radar Conference (RadarConf) CY MAY 02-06, 2016 CL Philadelphia, PA SP IEEE DE radar; spectrum sharing; spectrum sensing; multi-objective optimization; Pareto-optimal solutions; waveform agility AB The spectrum sensing, multi-optimization (SS-MO) technique was recently investigated to enhance radar performance when the radar operates in the presence of radio frequency interference (RFI). The SS-MO technique passively monitors the operating band of the radar using spectrum sensing to identify a frequency sub-band with minimal RFI, thus allowing the radar to maintain a high signal to inference plus noise ratio (SINR). Prior results have indicated significant improvement of SINR and PSLR (peak to average sidelobe level ratio) at the cost of a high computational complexity. In this paper, the non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm II (NSGA-II) is used to lower the computational complexity while maintaining performance. C1 [Martone, Anthony; Ranney, Kenneth; Sherbondy, Kelly] US Army Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 21042 USA. RP Martone, A (reprint author), US Army Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 21042 USA. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1097-5764 BN 978-1-5090-0863-6 J9 IEEE RAD CONF PY 2016 BP 922 EP 927 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BG0MM UT WOS:000386327800179 ER PT S AU Ogworonjo, HC Anderson, JMM Ndoye, M Nguyen, L AF Ogworonjo, Henry C. Anderson, John M. M. Ndoye, Mandoye Lam Nguyen GP IEEE TI An l(1)-regularized Least Squares Algorithm for Reconstructing Step-Frequency Ground Penetrating Radar Images SO 2016 IEEE RADAR CONFERENCE (RADARCONF) SE IEEE Radar Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Radar Conference (RadarConf) CY MAY 02-06, 2016 CL Philadelphia, PA SP IEEE AB Impulse-based ground penetrating radar (GPR) has been proposed as a way to detect landmines and improvised explosive devices (IEDs). However, a drawback of such radar systems is the difficulty in transmitting a signal with an arbitrary bandwidth and shape. Step-frequency GPR has been recognized as a way to precisely control the bandwidth and spectral shape of the transmitted pulse. In this paper, we extend a previously developed l(1)-regularized least squares algorithm, which has been successfully applied to impulse-based GPR image reconstruction, to step-frequency GPR. We investigate the performance of the proposed algorithm using simulated step-frequency GPR data. The initial results are promising. C1 [Ogworonjo, Henry C.; Anderson, John M. M.] Howard Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Washington, DC 20059 USA. [Ndoye, Mandoye] Tuskegee Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Tuskegee, AL 36083 USA. [Lam Nguyen] US Army, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD USA. RP Ogworonjo, HC (reprint author), Howard Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Washington, DC 20059 USA. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1097-5764 BN 978-1-5090-0863-6 J9 IEEE RAD CONF PY 2016 BP 1210 EP 1214 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BG0MM UT WOS:000386327800235 ER PT B AU Gray, JP Paldan, JR Vantsevich, VV AF Gray, J. P. Paldan, J. R. Vantsevich, V. V. BE Rosenberger, M Plochl, M Six, K Edelmann, J TI Multi-domain modelling of a new wheel rotational kinematics sensor SO DYNAMICS OF VEHICLES ON ROADS AND TRACKS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 24th Symposium of the International-Association-for-Vehicle-System-Dynamics (IAVSD) CY AUG 17-21, 2015 CL Graz, AUSTRIA SP Int Assoc Vehicle Syst Dynam, Graz Univ Technol, Vienna Univ Technol, Magna Steyr & Magna Powertrain, AVL, Siemens AB This paper presents analytical research work on a new wheel rotational kinematics sensor concept as a part of agile tyre dynamics estimation and control. Unlike traditional Hall-effect digital sensors, the signal in the proposed concept is continuously read as an analog signal. This significantly reduces a lag in the sensor reading update and thus makes information on wheel kinematic parameters available much faster for an estimation and control system. The paper gives a detailed mathematical model of mechanical and electro-magnetic domains of the new sensor as well as an analysis of its signal processing; mathematical models of two digital sensors are also presented. Computational results of the new sensor and the digital sensors virtually installed on a quarter-car model are presented to illustrate advantages of the new sensor concept. C1 [Gray, J. P.] US Army, TARDEC, Warren, MI 48397 USA. [Paldan, J. R.; Vantsevich, V. V.] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, AL USA. RP Gray, JP (reprint author), US Army, TARDEC, Warren, MI 48397 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4987-7702-5; 978-1-138-02885-2 PY 2016 BP 253 EP 262 PG 10 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Transportation Science & Technology SC Engineering; Transportation GA BF9PB UT WOS:000385792300027 ER PT J AU Jia, SA Xuan, Y Nastac, L Allison, PG Rushing, TW AF Jia, Shian Xuan, Yang Nastac, Laurentiu Allison, Paul G. Rushing, Timothy W. TI Microstructure, mechanical properties and fracture behavior of 6061 aluminium alloy-based nanocomposite castings fabricated by ultrasonic processing SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CAST METALS RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE Ultrasonic stirring technology; 6061 alloy; Microstructure; Mechanical property; Fracture behaviour; Metal matrix nanocomposite ID COMPOSITES; ENHANCEMENT; MAGNESIUM AB It has been revealed that microstructure and mechanical properties of aluminium castings can be significantly improved by adding nanoparticles as reinforcement to fabricate aluminium-based metal matrix nanocomposites (MMNCs). One of the common problems in fabricating MMNCs is the agglomeration of reinforcement nanoparticles. In the present study, ultrasonic stirring technology (UST) is deployed to assist 6061 nanocomposite casting process by promoting the dispersion and deagglomeration. Al2O3/SiC nanoparticles are used as reinforcement materials. Nanoparticles are added into the molten alloy and dispersed by ultrasonic cavitation and acoustic streaming caused by UST. The microstructure, fracture behaviour and mechanical properties of 6061-based MMNC samples have been investigated. Tensile strength and yield strength of MMNC samples remain at the same level while the elongation increases significantly compared to reference samples. C1 [Jia, Shian; Xuan, Yang; Nastac, Laurentiu; Allison, Paul G.] Univ Alabama, NERC, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA. [Rushing, Timothy W.] US ARMY ERDC, Vicksburg, MS USA. RP Nastac, L (reprint author), Univ Alabama, NERC, Tuscaloosa, AL 35487 USA. EM lnastac@eng.ua.edu NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OR14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1364-0461 EI 1743-1336 J9 INT J CAST METAL RES JI Int. J. Cast. Metals Res. PY 2016 VL 29 IS 5 BP 286 EP 289 DI 10.1080/13640461.2016.1181232 PG 4 WC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA DZ9OJ UT WOS:000386206200007 ER PT J AU Crowell, MS Deyle, GD Owens, J Gill, NW AF Crowell, Michael S. Deyle, Gail D. Owens, Johnny Gill, Norman W. CA STReC TI Manual physical therapy combined with high-intensity functional rehabilitation for severe lower extremity musculoskeletal injuries: a case series SO JOURNAL OF MANUAL & MANIPULATIVE THERAPY LA English DT Article DE Lower extremity trauma; Manual physical therapy; Functional rehabilitation ID OBSERVATIONAL GAIT-ANALYSIS; RANDOMIZED CLINICAL-TRIAL; GONIOMETRIC MEASUREMENTS; LIMB SALVAGE; KNEE OSTEOARTHRITIS; HIP OSTEOARTHRITIS; EXERCISE THERAPY; ANKLE SPRAIN; RELIABILITY; PAIN AB Objectives: Severe lower extremity trauma accounts for large healthcare costs and often results in elective amputation and poor long-term outcomes. The purpose of this case series is to describe an orthopedic manual physical therapy (OMPT) approach combined with a return to run (RTR) clinical pathway consisting of high-intensity functional rehabilitation with a custom energy-storing orthosis. Methods: Three consecutive male patients, aged 21-23 years, with severe lower extremity musculoskeletal injuries were treated with a combined intervention that included a mean (SD) of 12 (2.1) OMPT sessions and 24 (8.7) functional rehabilitation sessions over a mean of 6 weeks (1.0). Additional training with a custom energy-storing orthosis consisted of a mean of 15 (1.2) additional sessions over 4 weeks. Patient self-report outcome measures and a variety of physical performance tests captured change in function. Results: Baseline lower extremity functional scale (LEFS) and foot and ankle ability measure activities of daily living subscale (FAAM-ADL) scores indicated severe disability. All patients exceeded the minimal clinically important difference (MCID) in at least one self-report outcome or physical performance test without a brace. Two of three patients exceeded the MCID for at least two physical performance tests after training with and utilizing a custom energy-storing orthosis. Discussion: Clinically meaningful changes in self-reported function or physical performance were observed in all patients. A multi-modal approach, including manual therapy and functional exercise, may address the entire spectrum of impairments in patients with severe lower extremity trauma, resulting in improvements in both braced and un-braced function. C1 [Crowell, Michael S.] Keller Army Community Hosp, West Point, NY USA. [Crowell, Michael S.] Army Baylor Univ Sports Phys Therapy Doctoral Res, West Point, NY USA. [Deyle, Gail D.] San Antonio Mil Med Ctr, Orthoped Manual Phys Therapy, Ft Sam Houston, TX USA. [Owens, Johnny] San Antonio Mil Med Ctr, Ctr Intrepid, Ft Sam Houston, TX USA. [Gill, Norman W.] US Army Baylor Univ Doctoral Program Phys Therapy, Ft Sam Houston, TX USA. RP Crowell, MS (reprint author), 3348 E Continental Rd, West Point, NY 10996 USA. EM michael.s.crowell.mil@mail.mil NR 56 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1066-9817 EI 2042-6186 J9 J MAN MANIP THER JI J. Man. Manip. Ther. PY 2016 VL 24 IS 1 BP 34 EP 44 DI 10.1179/2042618614Y.0000000076 PG 11 WC Rehabilitation SC Rehabilitation GA DZ9CI UT WOS:000386170400008 PM 27252581 ER PT J AU Castro, A Vela, AP Gifre, L Proietti, R Chen, C Yin, J Chen, X Cao, Z Zhu, Z Mishra, V Velasco, L Yoo, SJB AF Castro, A. Vela, A. P. Gifre, Ll. Proietti, R. Chen, C. Yin, J. Chen, X. Cao, Z. Zhu, Z. Mishra, V. Velasco, L. Yoo, S. J. B. GP IEEE TI Experimental Demonstration of Heterogeneous Cross Stratum Broker for Scientific Applications SO 2016 OPTICAL FIBER COMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE AND EXHIBITION (OFC) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Optical Fiber Communications Conference and Exhibition (OFC) CY MAR 20-24, 2016 CL Anaheim, CA AB We propose and demonstrate cross-stratum Broker orchestration for scientific applications and heterogeneous resources reservation in DCs, HPC facilities and networks belonging to different operators. Experiments were performed in a distributed set-up spanning across three continents. C1 [Castro, A.; Proietti, R.; Yoo, S. J. B.] Univ Calif UC Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Vela, A. P.; Gifre, Ll.; Velasco, L.] UPC, Barcelona, Spain. [Chen, C.; Yin, J.; Chen, X.; Zhu, Z.] USTC, Hefei, Peoples R China. [Cao, Z.] Chinese Acad Sci, Inst Comp Technol, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Mishra, V.] Army Res Lab, Aberdeen, MD USA. RP Castro, A (reprint author), Univ Calif UC Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM albcastro@ucdavis.edu RI Gifre, Lluis/D-3951-2016 OI Gifre, Lluis/0000-0001-9936-9411 NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-9435-8007-1 PY 2016 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Optics; Telecommunications GA BF6BN UT WOS:000382938100262 ER PT J AU Nallon, EC Schnee, VP Bright, C Polcha, MP Li, QL AF Nallon, Eric C. Schnee, Vincent P. Bright, Collin Polcha, Michael P. Li, Qiliang TI Chemical Discrimination with an Unmodified Graphene Chemical Sensor SO ACS SENSORS LA English DT Article DE graphene; chemical sensor; chemiresistor; electronic nose; PCA; broad selectivity ID WALLED CARBON NANOTUBES; VAPOR SENSORS; ARRAYS; NANOFIBERS; AGENTS; DRUGS AB A graphene chemical vapor sensor with an unmodified surface has been fabricated and thoroughly characterized upon exposure to headspace vapor of a variety of solvents and related compounds. The vapor sensor exhibits excellent discrimination toward a variety of chemical compounds. Principle component analysis (PCA) was performed to explore the extent of grouping for each compound and separation between compounds and chemical classes. The prediction accuracy of the sensor is evaluated with linear discrimination analysis, k-nearest neighbor, random forest, and support vector classifiers. The combination of PCA and prediction accuracies demonstrates the discrimination capability of an unmodified graphene chemical vapor sensor. Such a vapor sensor is very attractive for application in small, low-power, robust, and adaptable cross-reactive arrays in electronic noses. C1 [Nallon, Eric C.; Schnee, Vincent P.] US Army, RDECOM CERDEC Night Vis & Elect Sensors Directora, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. [Nallon, Eric C.; Li, Qiliang] George Mason Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. [Polcha, Michael P.] Fulcrum IT Serv, Centerville, VA 20120 USA. [Bright, Collin] CACI Int Inc, Arlington, VA 22201 USA. RP Nallon, EC (reprint author), US Army, RDECOM CERDEC Night Vis & Elect Sensors Directora, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA.; Nallon, EC (reprint author), George Mason Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Fairfax, VA 22030 USA. EM info@nvl.army.mil NR 42 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 5 U2 5 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 2379-3694 J9 ACS SENSORS JI ACS Sens. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 1 IS 1 BP 26 EP 31 DI 10.1021/acssensors.5b00029 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DY9OQ UT WOS:000385464100005 ER PT J AU Marsh, A Query, PR AF Marsh, Alec Query, Patrick R. TI Pound and Eliot SO AMERICAN LITERARY SCHOLARSHIP LA English DT Article C1 [Marsh, Alec] Muhlenberg Coll, Allentown, PA 18104 USA. US Mil Acad, West Point, NY USA. RP Marsh, A (reprint author), Muhlenberg Coll, Allentown, PA 18104 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU DUKE UNIV PRESS PI DURHAM PA 905 W MAIN ST, STE 18-B, DURHAM, NC 27701 USA SN 0065-9142 EI 1527-2125 J9 AM LIT SCHOLARSH JI Am. Lit. Scholarsh. PY 2016 IS 1 BP 129 EP 149 DI 10.1215/00659142-3500162 PG 21 WC Literature, American SC Literature GA DZ0MR UT WOS:000385534600009 ER PT J AU Camacho, M Chang, ET Fernandez-Salvador, C Capasso, R AF Camacho, Macario Chang, Edward T. Fernandez-Salvador, Camilo Capasso, Robson TI Treatment of Snoring with a Nasopharyngeal Airway Tube SO CASE REPORTS IN MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID OBSTRUCTIVE SLEEP-APNEA; INJECTION SNOREPLASTY; ADULTS AB Objective. To study the feasibility of a standard nasopharyngeal airway tube (NPAT) as treatment for snoring. Methods. Anobese 35-year-old man, who is a chronic, heroic snorer, used NPATs while (1) the patient's bedpartner scored the snoring and (2) the patient recorded himself with the smartphone snoring app "Quit Snoring." Baseline snoring was 8-10/10 (10 = snoring that could be heard through a closed door and interrupted the bedpartner's sleep to the point where they would sometimes have to sleep separately) and 60-200 snores/hr. Several standard NPATs were tested, consisting of soft polyvinyl chloride material raging between 24- and 36-French (Fr) tubes. Results. The 24 Fr tube did not abate snoring. The 26 Fr tube was able to abate the snoring sound most of the night (smartphone app: 11.4 snores/hr, bedpartner VAS = 2/10). The 28 and 30 Fr tubes abated the snoring sound the entire time worn (smartphone app: 0 snores, bedpartner VAS 0/10) but could not be toleratedmore than 2.5 hours. The tube of 36 Fr size could not be inserted, despite several attempts bilaterally. Conclusion. Appropriately sized nasopharyngeal airway tubes may abate the snoring sound; however, as in this patient, they may be too painful and intolerable for daily use. C1 [Camacho, Macario; Chang, Edward T.; Fernandez-Salvador, Camilo] Tripler Army Med Ctr, Div Sleep Surg & Med, Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, 1 Jarrett White Rd, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. [Camacho, Macario] Stanford Hosp & Clin, Div Sleep Med, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Redwood City, CA 94063 USA. [Capasso, Robson] Stanford Hosp & Clin, Div Sleep Surg, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, Stanford, CA 95304 USA. RP Camacho, M (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, Div Sleep Surg & Med, Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, 1 Jarrett White Rd, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA.; Camacho, M (reprint author), Stanford Hosp & Clin, Div Sleep Med, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Redwood City, CA 94063 USA. EM drcamachoent@yahoo.com OI Camacho, Macario/0000-0001-9200-9085 NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU HINDAWI PUBLISHING CORP PI NEW YORK PA 315 MADISON AVE 3RD FLR, STE 3070, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1687-9627 EI 1687-9635 J9 CASE REP MED JI Case Rep. Med. PY 2016 AR 3628716 DI 10.1155/2016/3628716 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA DZ4CN UT WOS:000385805500001 ER PT J AU Belanger, HG Lange, RT Bailie, J Iverson, GL Arrieux, JP Ivins, BJ Cole, WR AF Belanger, Heather G. Lange, Rael T. Bailie, Jason Iverson, Grant L. Arrieux, Jacques P. Ivins, Brian J. Cole, Wesley R. TI Interpreting change on the neurobehavioral symptom inventory and the PTSD checklist in military personnel SO CLINICAL NEUROPSYCHOLOGIST LA English DT Article DE Traumatic brain injury; mild TBI; PTSD; military; concussion; reliable change ID TRAUMATIC BRAIN-INJURY; POSTTRAUMATIC-STRESS-DISORDER; POSTCONCUSSION SYMPTOMS; CLINICAL-SIGNIFICANCE; CIVILIAN VERSION; SERVICE MEMBERS; NATIONAL-GUARD; NORMATIVE DATA; IRAQ; ASSOCIATIONS AB Objective: The purpose of this study was to examine the prevalence and stability of symptom reporting in a healthy military sample and to develop reliable change indices for two commonly used self-report measures in the military health care system. Participants and method: Participants were 215 U.S. active duty service members recruited from Fort Bragg, NC as normal controls as part of a larger study. Participants completed the Neurobehavioral Symptom Inventory (NSI) and Posttraumatic Checklist (PCL) twice, separated by approximately 30days. Results: Depending on the endorsement level used (i.e. ratings of mild' or greater vs. ratings of moderate' or greater), approximately 2-15% of this sample met DSM-IV symptom criteria for Postconcussional Disorder across time points, while 1-6% met DSM-IV symptom criteria for Posttraumatic Stress Disorder. Effect sizes for change from Time 1 to Time 2 on individual symptoms were small (Cohen's d=.01 to .13). The test-retest reliability for the NSI total score was r=.78 and the PCL score was r=.70. An eight-point change in symptom reporting represented reliable change on the NSI total score, with a seven-point change needed on the PCL. Conclusions: Postconcussion-like symptoms are not unique to mild TBI and are commonly reported in a healthy soldier sample. It is important for clinicians to use normative data when evaluating a service member or veteran and when evaluating the likelihood that a change in symptom reporting is reliable and clinically meaningful. C1 [Belanger, Heather G.] James A Haley VAMC, Dept Mental Hlth & Behav Sci, Tampa, FL 33612 USA. [Belanger, Heather G.] Univ S Florida, Dept Psychiat & Behav Neurosci, Tampa, FL 33620 USA. [Belanger, Heather G.; Lange, Rael T.; Bailie, Jason; Iverson, Grant L.; Arrieux, Jacques P.; Ivins, Brian J.; Cole, Wesley R.] Def & Vet Brain Injury Ctr, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. [Lange, Rael T.] Natl Intrepid Ctr Excellence, Bethesda, MD USA. [Lange, Rael T.] Walter Reed Natl Mil Med Ctr, Bethesda, MD USA. [Lange, Rael T.] Univ British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada. [Bailie, Jason] Naval Hosp, Camp Pendleton, CA USA. [Iverson, Grant L.] Harvard Med Sch, Boston, MA USA. [Iverson, Grant L.] Spaulding Rehabil Hosp, Charlestown, MA USA. [Iverson, Grant L.] Red Sox Fdn, Boston, MA USA. [Iverson, Grant L.] Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Home Base Program, Boston, MA 02114 USA. [Arrieux, Jacques P.; Cole, Wesley R.] Womack Army Med Ctr, Ft Bragg, NC USA. RP Belanger, HG (reprint author), James A Haley VAMC, Dept Mental Hlth & Behav Sci, Tampa, FL 33612 USA.; Belanger, HG (reprint author), Univ S Florida, Dept Psychiat & Behav Neurosci, Tampa, FL 33620 USA.; Belanger, HG (reprint author), Def & Vet Brain Injury Ctr, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM Heather.Belanger@va.gov NR 40 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1385-4046 EI 1744-4144 J9 CLIN NEUROPSYCHOL JI Clin. Neuropsychol. PY 2016 VL 30 IS 7 BP 1063 EP 1073 DI 10.1080/13854046.2016.1193632 PG 11 WC Psychology, Clinical; Clinical Neurology; Psychology SC Psychology; Neurosciences & Neurology GA DY9FU UT WOS:000385440100009 PM 27266484 ER PT B AU Davis, RT Kaufman, S AF Davis, Robert T., II Kaufman, Scott BE Kaufman, S TI The Armed Forces during the Carter Years SO COMPANION TO GERALD R. FORD AND JIMMY CARTER SE Blackwell Companions to American History LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID 1970S; US C1 [Davis, Robert T., II] US Army Command & Gen Staff Coll, Ft Leavenworth, KS 66027 USA. [Kaufman, Scott] Francis Marion Univ, Hist, Florence, SC USA. RP Davis, RT (reprint author), US Army Command & Gen Staff Coll, Ft Leavenworth, KS 66027 USA. NR 100 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA BN 978-1-118-90759-7; 978-1-4443-4994-8 J9 BLACKW COMPAN AM HIS PY 2016 BP 430 EP 450 PG 21 WC History SC History GA BF8TP UT WOS:000385231700025 ER PT B AU Franke, DP AF Franke, Daniel P. BE Boas, AJ TI CRUSADE, EMPIRE AND THE PROCESS OF WAR IN STAUFEN GERMANY, 1180-1220 SO CRUSADER WORLD SE Routledge Worlds LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Franke, Daniel P.] US Mil Acad, West Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Franke, DP (reprint author), US Mil Acad, West Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 95 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROUTLEDGE PI ABINGDON PA 2 PARK SQ, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXFORD, ENGLAND BN 978-1-315-68415-4; 978-0-415-82494-1 J9 ROUTLEDGE WORLDS PY 2016 BP 128 EP 143 PG 16 WC History SC History GA BF7OJ UT WOS:000384302600008 ER PT J AU Nix, T Bettati, R AF Nix, Timothy Bettati, Riccardo TI Neighbourhood failures in covert communication network topologies SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE covert communication networks; CCNs; anonymity networks; membership concealment; network topology; peer-to-peer networks; random graphs; Erdos-Renyi graphs; Barabasi-Albert graphs ID GRAPHS AB A covert communications network (CCN) is a connected, overlay, peer-to-peer network to support communications within a group in which the survival of the group depends on: a) confidentiality and anonymity of the communications; b) concealment of participation in the network to both other members of the group and external eavesdroppers; c) resilience against disconnection. Anonymity is protected using source rewriting in which the network addresses are changed at each hop along the network path. Network membership is concealed through topology restrictions where each participant has limited knowledge of the network addresses of other participants. Resilience requires increased connectivity to protect against disconnection due to neighbourhood failure. In this paper, we propose measures for determining the suitability of both deterministic and random topologies for use in covert communication networks, and use these measures to analyse the suitability of various types of graphs. C1 [Nix, Timothy] US Mil Acad, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, West Point, NY 10996 USA. [Bettati, Riccardo] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Comp Sci & Engn, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. RP Nix, T (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, West Point, NY 10996 USA. EM timothy.nix@usma.edu; bettati@cs.tamu.edu NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INDERSCIENCE ENTERPRISES LTD PI GENEVA PA WORLD TRADE CENTER BLDG, 29 ROUTE DE PRE-BOIS, CASE POSTALE 856, CH-1215 GENEVA, SWITZERLAND SN 1742-7185 EI 1742-7193 J9 INT J COMPUT SCI ENG JI Int. J. Comput. Sci. Eng. PY 2016 VL 13 IS 2 SI SI BP 132 EP 146 DI 10.1504/IJCSE.2016.10000108 PG 15 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Computer Science GA DZ0LP UT WOS:000385531200004 ER PT B AU Gluck, C Favero, T AF Gluck, C. Favero, T. BE Favero, T Drust, B Dawson, B TI Possession with purpose A data-driven approach to evaluating team effectiveness in attack and defense SO INTERNATIONAL RESEARCH IN SCIENCE AND SOCCER II LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID SOCCER; SUCCESS; BALL C1 [Gluck, C.] US Army Corps Engineers, Portland, OR 97204 USA. [Gluck, C.] MLS Soccer, Portland, OR USA. [Favero, T.] Univ Portland, Dept Biol, Portland, OR 97203 USA. RP Gluck, C (reprint author), US Army Corps Engineers, Portland, OR 97204 USA.; Gluck, C (reprint author), MLS Soccer, Portland, OR USA. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROUTLEDGE PI ABINGDON PA 2 PARK SQ, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXFORD, ENGLAND BN 978-1-315-68674-5; 978-1-138-92089-7 PY 2016 BP 10 EP 20 PG 11 WC Hospitality, Leisure, Sport & Tourism; Sport Sciences SC Social Sciences - Other Topics; Sport Sciences GA BF9GS UT WOS:000385613900002 ER PT J AU Indest, KJ Eberly, JO Hancock, DE Jung, CM Carr, MR Blakeney, GA AF Indest, Karl J. Eberly, Jed O. Hancock, Dawn E. Jung, Carina M. Carr, Matthew R. Blakeney, Gary A. TI Rhodococcus jostii RHA1 TadA-homolog deletion mutants accumulate less polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHAs) than the parental strain SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL AND APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE polyhydroxyalkanoates; TadA; Rhodococcus ID OPACUS PD630; STORAGE COMPOUNDS; LIPID DROPLETS; IDENTIFICATION C1 [Indest, Karl J.; Eberly, Jed O.; Hancock, Dawn E.; Jung, Carina M.; Carr, Matthew R.; Blakeney, Gary A.] US Army Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Environm Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Indest, KJ (reprint author), US Army Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, CEERD EP P, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. EM Karl.J.Indest@usace.army.mil FU US Army Corps of Engineers Environmental Quality Program FX This research was funded through the US Army Corps of Engineers Environmental Quality Program. Views, opinions and/or findings contained herein are those of the authors and should not be construed as an official Department of the Army position or decision unless so designated by other official documentation. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MICROBIOL RES FOUNDATION PI TOKYO PA JAPAN ACAD SOC CENTER BLDG 4-16 YAYOI 2-CHOME, TOKYO, 113-0032, JAPAN SN 0022-1260 EI 1349-8037 J9 J GEN APPL MICROBIOL JI J. Gen. Appl. Microbiol. PY 2016 VL 62 IS 4 BP 213 EP 216 DI 10.2323/jgam.2016.03.002 PG 4 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA DY6UF UT WOS:000385263200007 PM 27488957 ER PT S AU Stann, BL Dammann, JF Giza, MM AF Stann, Barry L. Dammann, John F. Giza, Mark M. BE Turner, MD Kamerman, GW TI Progress on MEMS-scanned ladar SO LASER RADAR TECHNOLOGY AND APPLICATIONS XXI SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Laser Radar Technology and Applications XXI CY APR 19-20, 2016 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE ladar; laser radar; ladar imaging AB The Army Research Laboratory (ARL) has continued to research a short-range ladar imager for use on small unmanned ground vehicles (UGV) and recently small unmanned air vehicles (UAV). The current ladar brassboard is based on a micro-electro-mechanical system (MEMS) mirror coupled to a low-cost pulsed erbium fiber laser. It has a 5-6 Hz frame rate, an image size of 256 (h) x 128 (v) pixels, a 42 degrees x 21 degrees field of regard, 35 m range, eyesafe operation, and 40 cm range resolution with provisions for super-resolution. Experience with driving experiments on small ground robots and efforts to extend the use of the ladar to UAV applications has encouraged work to improve the ladar's performance. The data acquisition system can now capture range data from the three return pulses in a pixel (that is first, last, and largest return), and information such as elapsed time, operating parameters, and data from an inertial navigation system. We will mention the addition and performance of subsystems to obtain eye-safety certification. To meet the enhanced range requirement for the UAV application, we describe a new receiver circuit that improves the signal-to-noise (SNR) several-fold over the existing design. Complementing this work, we discuss research to build a low-capacitance large area detector that may enable even further improvement in receiver SNR. Finally, we outline progress to build a breadboard ladar to demonstrate increased range to 160 m. If successful, this ladar will be integrated with a color camera and inertial navigation system to build a data collection package to determine imaging performance for a small UAV. C1 [Stann, Barry L.; Dammann, John F.; Giza, Mark M.] Army Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Stann, BL (reprint author), Army Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 4 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 2 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0073-7 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9832 AR UNSP 98320L DI 10.1117/12.2223728 PG 9 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BF9PW UT WOS:000385794300016 ER PT S AU Zacherl, WD Dereniak, E Furenlid, L Clarkson, E AF Zacherl, Walter D. Dereniak, Eustace Furenlid, Lars Clarkson, Eric BE Turner, MD Kamerman, GW TI An Automated Method for Registering Lidar Data in Restrictive, Tunnel-like Environments SO LASER RADAR TECHNOLOGY AND APPLICATIONS XXI SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Laser Radar Technology and Applications XXI CY APR 19-20, 2016 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE 3D registration; laser radar; tunnel; spherical coordinate; invariant feature; scale invariance; surface matching ID REGISTRATION AB A method for automated registration of lidar datasets specifically tailored to geometries with high length-to-width ratios operates on data in curvilinear coordinates. It relaxes the minimum change in perspective requirement between neighboring datasets typical of other algorithms. Range data is filtered with a series of discrete Gaussian and derivative of Gaussian filters to form a second-order Taylor series approximation to the surface about each sampled point. Principal curvatures with respect to the surface normal are calculated and compared across neighboring datasets to determine homologies and the best fit transfer matrix. The method reduces raw data volume requirements and processing time. C1 [Zacherl, Walter D.; Dereniak, Eustace; Furenlid, Lars; Clarkson, Eric] Univ Arizona, Ctr Opt Sci, 1630 E Blvd, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Zacherl, Walter D.] US Army, Washington, DC 20319 USA. RP Zacherl, WD (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Ctr Opt Sci, 1630 E Blvd, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA.; Zacherl, WD (reprint author), US Army, Washington, DC 20319 USA. EM walter.d.zacherl.mil@mail.mil NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0073-7 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9832 AR UNSP 98320D DI 10.1117/12.2223453 PG 20 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BF9PW UT WOS:000385794300009 ER PT S AU Donavanik, D Hardt-Stremayr, A Gremillion, G Weiss, S Nothwang, W AF Donavanik, Daniel Hardt-Stremayr, Alexander Gremillion, Gregory Weiss, Stephan Nothwang, William BE George, T Dutta, AK Islam, MS TI Multi-sensor fusion techniques for state estimation of micro air vehicles SO MICRO- AND NANOTECHNOLOGY SENSORS, SYSTEMS, AND APPLICATIONS VIII SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Micro- and Nanotechnology Sensors, Systems, and Applications VIII CY APR 17-21, 2016 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE visual-inertial state estimation; sensor fusion; Kalman filtering; bundle adjustment; denied environments; human-in-the-loop ID AIDED INERTIAL NAVIGATION; MONOCULAR SLAM; KALMAN FILTER; VISION AB Aggressive flight of micro air vehicles (MAVs) in unstructured, GPS-denied environments poses unique challenges for estimation of vehicle pose and velocity due to the noise, delay, and drift in individual sensor measurements. Maneuvering flight at speeds in excess of 5 m/s poses additional challenges even for active range sensors; in the case of LIDAR, an assembled scan of the vehicles environment will in most cases be obsolete by the time it is processed. Multi-sensor fusion techniques which combine inertial measurements with passive vision techniques and/or LIDAR have achieved breakthroughs in the ability to maintain accurate state estimates without the use of external positioning sensors. In this paper, we survey algorithmic approaches to exploiting sensors with a wide range of nonlinear dynamics using filter and bundle -adjustment based approaches for state estimation and optimal control. From this foundation, we propose a biologically -inspired framework for incorporating the human operator in the loop as a privileged sensor in a combined human/autonomy paradigm. C1 [Donavanik, Daniel; Gremillion, Gregory; Nothwang, William] US Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. [Hardt-Stremayr, Alexander; Weiss, Stephan] Alpen Adria Univ, Klagenfurt, Austria. RP Donavanik, D (reprint author), US Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM daniel.donavanik.ctr@mail.mil; alexander.hardt-stremayr@aau.at; gregory.m.gremillionctr@mail.mil; stephan.weiss@aau.at; william.d.nothwang.civ@mail.mil NR 37 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 6 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0077-5 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9836 AR UNSP 98361V DI 10.1117/12.2224162 PG 16 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Optics; Physics GA BF9OX UT WOS:000385791900037 ER PT S AU Files, BT Canady, J Warnell, G Stump, E Nothwang, WD Marathe, AR AF Files, B. T. Canady, J. Warnell, G. Stump, E. Nothwang, W. D. Marathe, A. R. BE George, T Dutta, AK Islam, MS TI Human assisted robotic exploration SO MICRO- AND NANOTECHNOLOGY SENSORS, SYSTEMS, AND APPLICATIONS VIII SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Micro- and Nanotechnology Sensors, Systems, and Applications VIII CY APR 17-21, 2016 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE Distributed simultaneous localization and mapping; human vision; scene recognition; human autonomy integration ID FAB-MAP; PROBABILISTIC LOCALIZATION; SPATIAL MEMORY; RECOGNITION; APPEARANCE; SCENE; SLAM; PARAHIPPOCAMPAL; REPRESENTATIONS; NAVIGATION AB In support of achieving better performance on autonomous mapping and exploration tasks by incorporating human input, we seek here to first characterize humans' ability to recognize locations from limited visual information. Such a characterization is critical to the design of a human-in-the-loop system faced with deciding whether and when human input is useful. In this work, we develop a novel and practical place-recognition task that presents humans with video clips captured by a navigating ground robot. Using this task, we find experimentally that human performance does not seem to depend on factors such as clip length or familiarity with the scene and also that there is significant variability across subjects. Moreover, we find that humans significantly outperform a state-of-the-art computational solution to this problem, suggesting the utility of incorporating human input in autonomous mapping and exploration techniques. C1 [Files, B. T.; Canady, J.; Marathe, A. R.] US Army Res Lab, Human Res & Engn Directorate, 459 Mulberry Pt Rd, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. [Warnell, G.; Stump, E.] US Army Res Lab, Computat & Informat Sci Directorate, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. [Nothwang, W. D.] US Army Res Lab, Sensors & Electron Devices Directorate, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Files, BT (reprint author), US Army Res Lab, Human Res & Engn Directorate, 459 Mulberry Pt Rd, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. NR 26 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0077-5 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9836 AR UNSP 98361Y DI 10.1117/12.2222887 PG 11 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Optics; Physics GA BF9OX UT WOS:000385791900040 ER PT S AU Gremillion, GM Metcalfe, JS Marathe, AR Paul, VJ Christensen, J Drnec, K Haynes, B Atwater, C AF Gremillion, Gregory M. Metcalfe, Jason S. Marathe, Amar R. Paul, Victor J. Christensen, James Drnec, Kim Haynes, Benjamin Atwater, Corey BE George, T Dutta, AK Islam, MS TI Analysis of trust in autonomy for convoy operations SO MICRO- AND NANOTECHNOLOGY SENSORS, SYSTEMS, AND APPLICATIONS VIII SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Micro- and Nanotechnology Sensors, Systems, and Applications VIII CY APR 17-21, 2016 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE Trust in autonomy; automated driving; human-autonomy collaboration ID AUTOMATION; RELIANCE; SYSTEMS AB With growing use of automation in civilian and military contexts that engage cooperatively with humans, the operator's level of trust in the automated system is a major factor in determining the efficacy of the human-autonomy teams. Suboptimal levels of human trust in autonomy (TiA) can be detrimental to joint team performance. This mis-calibrated trust can manifest in several ways, such as distrust and complete disuse of the autonomy or complacency, which results in an unsupervised autonomous system. This work investigates human behaviors that may reflect TiA in the context of an automated driving task, with the goal of improving team performance. Subjects performed a simulated leader-follower driving task with an automated driving assistant. The subjects had could choose to engage an automated lane keeping and active cruise control system of varying performance levels. Analysis of the experimental data was performed to identify contextual features of the simulation environment that correlated to instances of automation engagement and disengagement. Furthermore, behaviors that potentially indicate inappropriate TiA levels were identified in the subject trials using estimates of momentary risk and agent performance, as functions of these contextual features. Inter-subject and intra-subject trends in automation usage and performance were also identified. This analysis indicated that for poorer performing automation, TiA decreases with time, while higher performing automation induces less drift toward diminishing usage, and in some cases increases in TiA. Subject use of automation was also found to be largely influenced by course features. C1 [Gremillion, Gregory M.] Army Res Lab, Sensors & Electron Devices Directorate, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. [Metcalfe, Jason S.; Marathe, Amar R.; Drnec, Kim] Army Res Lab, Human Res & Engn Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. [Paul, Victor J.; Haynes, Benjamin] Army Tank Automot Res Dev & Engn, Warren, MI 48091 USA. [Christensen, James] Air Force Res Lab, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Atwater, Corey] DCS Corp, Alexandria, VA 22310 USA. RP Gremillion, GM (reprint author), Army Res Lab, Sensors & Electron Devices Directorate, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM gregory.m.gremillion.ctr@mail.mil NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0077-5 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9836 AR UNSP 98361Z DI 10.1117/12.2224009 PG 10 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Optics; Physics GA BF9OX UT WOS:000385791900041 ER PT S AU Lee, H Kwon, H Robinson, RM Nothwang, WD Marathe, AR AF Lee, Hyungtae Kwon, Heesung Robinson, Ryan M. Nothwang, William D. Marathe, Amar R. BE George, T Dutta, AK Islam, MS TI An Efficient Fusion Approach for Combining Human and Machine Decisions SO MICRO- AND NANOTECHNOLOGY SENSORS, SYSTEMS, AND APPLICATIONS VIII SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Micro- and Nanotechnology Sensors, Systems, and Applications VIII CY APR 17-21, 2016 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE Fusion; DBF; Object classification AB A novel approach for the fusion of heterogeneous object classification methods is proposed. In order to effectively integrate the outputs of multiple classifiers, the level of ambiguity in each individual classification score, is estimated using the precision/recall relationship of the corresponding classifier. The main contribution of the proposed work is a novel fusion method, referred to as Dynamic Belief Fusion (DBF), which dynamically assigns probabilities to hypotheses (target, non-target, intermediate state (target or non-target)) based on confidence levels in the detection results conditioned on the prior performance of individual detectors. In DBF, a joint basic probability assignment, which is obtained from optimally fusing information from all detectors, is determined by Dempster's combination rule, and is easily reduced to a single fused detection score. Experiments combining results from (i) human-generated neural and button press classification from a Rapid Serial Visual Presentation (RSVP) study and (ii) computer-vision-based object detectors demonstrated that the recognition accuracy of DBF is considerably greater than that of conventional naive Bayesian fusion as well as individual classifiers used for the fusion. C1 [Lee, Hyungtae; Kwon, Heesung; Robinson, Ryan M.; Nothwang, William D.] Army Res Lab, SEDD, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. [Marathe, Amar R.] Army Res Lab, HRED, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. RP Lee, H (reprint author), Army Res Lab, SEDD, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM htlee79@gmail.com; heesung.kwon.civ@mail.mil; ryan.robinsonl4.ctr@mail.mil; william.d.nothwang@mail.mil; amar.marathe.civ@mail.mil NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0077-5 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9836 AR UNSP 983621 DI 10.1117/12.2220788 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Optics; Physics GA BF9OX UT WOS:000385791900042 ER PT S AU Poropatich, R Presson, N Gilbert, G AF Poropatich, Ronald Presson, Nora Gilbert, Gary BE George, T Dutta, AK Islam, MS TI Telemedicine and mHealth Odyssey: A Journey from the Battlefield to Academia SO MICRO- AND NANOTECHNOLOGY SENSORS, SYSTEMS, AND APPLICATIONS VIII SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Micro- and Nanotechnology Sensors, Systems, and Applications VIII CY APR 17-21, 2016 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE Telemedicine; Mobile Health; mCare; Breathe2Relax; Text4Baby; military; traumatic brain injury; post-traumatic stress ID HEALTH; TECHNOLOGY AB Since 1992, military medicine has considered the relevance, sustainability, and promise of telemedicine in the context of its mission and obligations for service members at home and in war zones. The US Army telemedicine program covers 22 time zones and generates over 5000 tele-consults per month for over 20 medical specialties. More recently the advances in mobile computing and increased adoption of the Smartphone with evolving capabilities for imaging and body-worn sensor integration has emerged in the field called mobile health, or mHealth. This presentation highlights the first 10 years of the U.S. Army mHealth program and includes how similar technologies have translated to wide-scale civilian health care implementation, including a relevant project for Veterans at the University of Pittsburgh. Examples include the successful US Army "mCare" program developed to augment soldier rehabilitation management with US-based geographically dispersed providers that utilizes secure mobile messaging and the soldier's own cell phone. Additional research interests will describe the use of smartphones on the battlefield enabling capture of operational medical data to improve casualty evacuation and outcome. A DoD-funded traumatic brain injury research project developed for Veterans at the University of Pittsburgh includes a mobile health application that demonstrates the effectiveness of communicating with patients through their personal mobile devices with care managers. Preliminary data for all the projects presented are encouraging for adoption and utilization of a mobile telemedicine platform to meet the complex needs of casualties injured or recovering from a broad range of injuries in unique geographic settings. C1 [Poropatich, Ronald] Univ Pittsburgh, Ctr Mil Med Res, 450 Technol Dr, Pittsburgh, PA 15219 USA. [Presson, Nora] Learning Res & Dev Ctr, 3939 OHara St, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. [Gilbert, Gary] US Army Med Res & Mat Command, Telemed & Adv Technol Res Ctr, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Poropatich, R (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Ctr Mil Med Res, 450 Technol Dr, Pittsburgh, PA 15219 USA. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0077-5 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9836 AR UNSP 98360V DI 10.1117/12.2223333 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Optics; Physics GA BF9OX UT WOS:000385791900018 ER PT S AU Robinson, RM Scobee, DRR Burden, SA Sastry, SS AF Robinson, Ryan M. Scobee, Dexter R. R. Burden, Samuel A. Sastry, S. Shankar BE George, T Dutta, AK Islam, MS TI Dynamic Inverse Models in Human-Cyber-Physical Systems SO MICRO- AND NANOTECHNOLOGY SENSORS, SYSTEMS, AND APPLICATIONS VIII SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Micro- and Nanotechnology Sensors, Systems, and Applications VIII CY APR 17-21, 2016 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE human-cyber-physical system (HCPS); internal model; dynamic inverse model; mixed-initiative system; autonomous intervention ID MUSCLE SYNERGIES; INTERNAL-MODELS; MOTOR CONTROL; UNSTABLE DYNAMICS; CEREBELLUM; PRINCIPLES; IMPEDANCE; MOVEMENT; LEARN; TASK AB Human interaction with the physical world is increasingly mediated by automation. This interaction is characterized by dynamic coupling between robotic (i.e. cyber) and neuromechanical (i.e. human) decision-making agents. Guaranteeing performance of such human-cyber-physical systems will require predictive mathematical models of this dynamic coupling. Toward this end, we propose a rapprochement between robotics and neuromechanics premised on the existence of internal forward and inverse models in the human agent. We hypothesize that, in tele-robotic applications of interest, a human operator learns to invert automation dynamics, directly translating from desired task to required control input. By formulating the model inversion problem in the context of a tracking task for a nonlinear control system in control-affine form, we derive criteria for exponential tracking and show that the resulting dynamic inverse model generally renders a portion of the physical system state (i.e., the internal dynamics) unobservable from the human operator's perspective. Under stability conditions, we show that the human can achieve exponential tracking without formulating an estimate of the system's state so long as they possess an accurate model of the system's dynamics. These theoretical results are illustrated using a planar quadrotor example. We then demonstrate that the automation can intervene to improve performance of the tracking task by solving an optimal control problem. Performance is guaranteed to improve under the assumption that the human learns and inverts the dynamic model of the altered system. We conclude with a discussion of practical limitations that may hinder exact dynamic model inversion. C1 [Robinson, Ryan M.] Army Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. [Scobee, Dexter R. R.; Sastry, S. Shankar] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Burden, Samuel A.] Univ Washington, Dept Elect Engn, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Robinson, RM (reprint author), Army Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM ryan.robinsonl4.ctr@mail.mil; dscobee@eecs.berkeley.edu; sburden@uw.edu; sastry@eecs.berkeley.edu NR 42 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0077-5 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9836 AR UNSP 98361X DI 10.1117/12.2223176 PG 20 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Optics; Physics GA BF9OX UT WOS:000385791900039 ER PT S AU Shamwell, J Lee, Y Kwon, H Marathe, AR Lawhern, V Nothwang, W AF Shamwell, Jared Lee, Yungtae Kwon, Heesung Marathe, Amar R. Lawhern, Vernon Nothwang, William BE George, T Dutta, AK Islam, MS TI Single-Trial EEG RSVP Classification using Convolutional Neural Networks SO MICRO- AND NANOTECHNOLOGY SENSORS, SYSTEMS, AND APPLICATIONS VIII SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Micro- and Nanotechnology Sensors, Systems, and Applications VIII CY APR 17-21, 2016 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE EiG Deep Learning; Convolutional Neural Network; RSVP; Sensor Fusion ID BRAIN-COMPUTER INTERFACE; MENTAL PROSTHESIS; MOVEMENT AB Traditionally, Brain-Computer Interfaces (BCI) have been explored as a means to return function to paralyzed or otherwise debilitated individtials, An emerging use for BCIs is in human-autonomy sensor fusion where physiological data from healthy subjects is combined with machine-generated information to enhance the capabilities of artificial systems. While human-autonomy fusion Of physiological data and computer vision have been shown to improve classification during visual search tasks, to date these approaches have relied on separately trained classification models for each modality. We aim to improve human-autonomy classification performance by developing a single framework that builds codependent models of human electroencephalograph (EEG) and image data to generate fused target estimates. As a first step, we developed a novel convolutional neural network (CNN) architecture and applied it to EEG recordings of subjects classifying target and non-target image presentations during a rapid serial visual presentation (RSVP) image triage task. The low signal-to-noise ratio (SNI) of EEG inherently limits the accuracy of single-trial classification and when combined with the high dimensionality of FIX; recordings, extremely large training sets are needed to prevent overfitting and achieve accurate classification from raw EEG data. This paper explores a new deep CNN architecture for generalized multi-class, single trial EEG classification across subjects. We compare classification performance from the generalized CNN architecture trained across all subjects to the individualized XDAWN, HDCA, and CSP neural classifiers which are trained and tested on single subjects. Preliminary results show that our CNN meets and slightly exceeds the performance of the other classifiers despite being trained across subjects. C1 [Shamwell, Jared; Lee, Yungtae; Kwon, Heesung; Nothwang, William] Army Res Lab, Sensors & Electron Devices Directorate, Adelphi, MD USA. [Marathe, Amar R.; Lawhern, Vernon] Army Res Lab, Human Res & Engn Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. RP Shamwell, J (reprint author), Army Res Lab, Sensors & Electron Devices Directorate, Adelphi, MD USA. EM earl.j.shantwell.ctr@mail.mil NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 9 U2 9 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0077-5 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9836 AR UNSP 983622 DI 10.1117/12.2224172 PG 10 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Optics; Physics GA BF9OX UT WOS:000385791900043 ER PT S AU Zhang, X Mitin, V Choi, JK Sablon, K Sergeev, A AF Zhang, Xiang Mitin, Vladimir Choi, Jae Kyu Sablon, Kimberly Sergeev, Andrei BE George, T Dutta, AK Islam, MS TI Bias-tunable IR photodetector based on asymmetrically doped GaAs/AlGaAs double-quantum-well nanomaterial for remote temperature sensing SO MICRO- AND NANOTECHNOLOGY SENSORS, SYSTEMS, AND APPLICATIONS VIII SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Micro- and Nanotechnology Sensors, Systems, and Applications VIII CY APR 17-21, 2016 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE quantum well IR photodetector; asymmetrical doping; multi-color; temperature sensing ID INFRARED PHOTODETECTORS AB We designed, fabricated, and characterized multi-color IR photodetectors with asymmetrical doping of GaAs/AlGaAs double quantum wells (DQW). We measured and analyzed spectral and noise characteristics to evaluate feasibility of these photodetectors for remote temperature sensing at liquid nitrogen temperatures. The bias voltage controls the charge distribution between the two wells in a DQW unit and provides effective tuning of IR induced electron transitions. We have found that the responsivity of our devices is symmetrical and weakly dependent on the bias voltage because the doping asymmetry compensates the effect of dopant migration in the growth direction. At the same time, the asymmetrical doping strongly enhances the selectivity and tunability of spectral characteristics by bias voltage. Multicolor detection of our QWIP is realized by varying the bias voltage. Maximum detection wavelength moves from 7.5 mu m to 11.1 mu m by switching applied bias from -5 V to 4 V. Modeling shows significant dependence of the photocurrent ratio on the object temperature regardless of its emissivity and geometrical factors. We also experimentally investigated the feasibility of our devices for remote temperature sensing by measuring the photocurrent as a response to blackbody radiation with the temperature from 300 degrees C to 1000 degrees C in the range of bias voltages from -5 V to 5 V. The agreement between modelling and experimental results demonstrates that our QWIP based on asymmetrically doped GaAs/AlGaAs DQW nanomaterial is capable of remote temperature sensing. By optimizing the physical design and varying the doping level of quantum wells, we can generalize this approach to higher temperature measurements. In addition, continuous variation of bias voltage provides fast collection of large amounts of photocurrent data at various biases and improves the accuracy of remote temperature measurements via appropriate algorithm of signal processing. C1 [Zhang, Xiang; Mitin, Vladimir] SUNY Buffalo, Dept Elect Engn, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. [Choi, Jae Kyu] SK Hynix, Memory R&D Div, Icheon Si 467701, Gyeonggi Do, South Korea. [Sablon, Kimberly; Sergeev, Andrei] US Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Zhang, X (reprint author), SUNY Buffalo, Dept Elect Engn, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0077-5 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9836 AR UNSP 983634 DI 10.1117/12.2236750 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Optics; Physics GA BF9OX UT WOS:000385791900065 ER PT S AU Lee, A Habtour, E Gadsden, SA AF Lee, Andrew Habtour, Ed Gadsden, S. Andrew BE Braun, JJ TI Proposed Health State Awareness of Helicopter Blades using an Artificial Neural Network Strategy SO MULTISENSOR, MULTISOURCE INFORMATION FUSION: ARCHITECTURES, ALGORITHMS, AND APPLICATIONS 2016 SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Multisensor, Multisource Information Fusion - Architectures, Algorithms, and Applications CY APR 20-21, 2016 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE Structural health; helicopter blade; neural network AB Structural health prognostics and diagnosis strategies can be classified as either model or signal-based. Artificial neural network strategies are popular signal-based techniques. This paper proposes the use of helicopter blades in order to study the sensitivity of an artificial neural network to structural fatigue. The experimental setup consists of a scale aluminum helicopter blade exposed to transverse vibratory excitation at the hub using single axis electrodynamic shaker. The intent of this study is to optimize an algorithm for processing high-dimensional data while retaining important information content in an effort to select input features and weights, as well as health parameters, for training a neural network. Data from accelerometers and piezoelectric transducers is collected from a known system designated as healthy. Structural damage will be introduced to different blades, which they will be designated as unhealthy. A variety of different tests will be performed to track the evolution and severity of the damage. A number of damage detection and diagnosis strategies will be implemented. A preliminary experiment was performed on aluminum cantilever beams providing a simpler model for implementation and proof of concept. Future work will look at utilizing the detection information as part of a hierarchical control system in order to mitigate structural damage and fatigue. The proposed approach may eliminate massive data storage on board of an aircraft through retaining relevant information only. The control system can then employ the relevant information to intelligently reconfigure adaptive maneuvers to avoid harmful regimes, thus, extending the life of the aircraft. C1 [Lee, Andrew; Gadsden, S. Andrew] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. [Habtour, Ed] US Army Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21001 USA. RP Lee, A (reprint author), Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. EM alee20@umbc.edu NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0113-0 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9872 AR UNSP 98720C DI 10.1117/12.2223356 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics SC Engineering; Optics GA BF9OU UT WOS:000385791700008 ER PT S AU Auerbach, M Godfrey, T Grady, M Roylance, M AF Auerbach, Margaret Godfrey, Thomas Grady, Michael Roylance, Margaret BE Shiels, B Lehtonen, K TI Assessing Design and Materials for Flame-Resistant Garments SO PERFORMANCE OF PROTECTIVE CLOTHING AND EQUIPMENT, 10TH VOL: RISK REDUCTION THROUGH RESEARCH AND TESTING SE American Society for Testing and Materials Special Technical Publications LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 10th Symposium on Performance of Protective Clothing and Equipment: Risk Reduction through Research and Testing CY JAN 28-29, 2016 CL San Antonio, TX SP ASTM Int Comm F23 Personal Protect Cloth & Equipment DE garment design for protection; midscale flame-resistant (FR) testing; transmitted heat flux measurement; burn injury modeling AB Flame and thermal protective garments can be produced by the use of materials that are either inherently flame-resistant (FR) or rendered FR by inclusion of FR additives, but the selection of FR materials cannot ensure FR protection. Fasteners such as zippers or hook and loop closures are often not FR, and inclusion of these design elements can induce burn injury in an ensemble if a garment is exposed to a flame or thermal threat. To maximize performance of an FR garment, the materials and design must work together. This paper reports results of FR testing of various military garments and demonstrates the importance of integrating FR textiles and design features that work together to provide optimal protection against flame and thermal threats. It also addresses the advantages of a novel midscale FR test that is under development. A great deal of useful information is lost when standard FR test methods are utilized. If FR tests are to be used effectively to refine design details and minimize potential burn injury, an alternate method providing more detailed information about the nature and local surface distribution of the potential burn injury is required. The midscale method under development provides a more sensor-rich environment than do those of standard test methods. It also accommodates alternate methods of data acquisition and reduction and burn injury prediction. The new test lies between swatch and ensemble level and uses propane torches as the heat source to provide a heat flux of 84 KW/m(2). The midscale apparatus can also be used for more realistic sensor calibration. C1 [Auerbach, Margaret; Godfrey, Thomas; Grady, Michael; Roylance, Margaret] US Army, Natick Soldier Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Gen Greene Ave, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Auerbach, M (reprint author), US Army, Natick Soldier Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Gen Greene Ave, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU ASTM INTERNATIONAL PI WEST CONSHOHOCKEN PA 100 BARR HARBOR DRIVE, PO BOX C700, WEST CONSHOHOCKEN, PA 19428-2959 USA SN 0066-0558 BN 978-0-8031-7631-7 J9 AM SOC TEST MATER PY 2016 VL 1593 BP 11 EP 26 DI 10.1520/STP159320760006 PG 16 WC Materials Science, Characterization & Testing; Materials Science, Textiles SC Materials Science GA BF9TT UT WOS:000385898200002 ER PT S AU Godfrey, TA Proulx, GN AF Godfrey, Thomas A. Proulx, Gary N. BE Shiels, B Lehtonen, K TI A Heat Transfer Analysis and Alternative Method for Calibration of Copper Slug Calorimeters SO PERFORMANCE OF PROTECTIVE CLOTHING AND EQUIPMENT, 10TH VOL: RISK REDUCTION THROUGH RESEARCH AND TESTING SE American Society for Testing and Materials Special Technical Publications LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 10th Symposium on Performance of Protective Clothing and Equipment: Risk Reduction through Research and Testing CY JAN 28-29, 2016 CL San Antonio, TX SP ASTM Int Comm F23 Personal Protect Cloth & Equipment DE heat flux sensor; fire simulation; flame resistance; flame engulfment; fire-resistant (FR) testing; FR clothing; FR protection AB Copper slug calorimeters are among several types of sensors that are commonly used to instrument mannequins in ASTM F1930, Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Flame Resistant Clothing for Protection Against Fire Simulations Using an Instrumented Manikin, fire simulations. In tests of protective clothing ensembles where the dressed mannequin is exposed to a 4-s-long simulated flash fire, it is necessary to acquire roughly 90 s of heat flux times series data from sensors for model predictions of theoretical skin burn injury. To accurately estimate the absorbed heat flux at the sensor face from the calorimeter's temperature response, a thermal energy balance is used where internal heat loss (i.e., heat transfer from the copper slug to the body of the sensor) is accounted for. Calibration of the sensor is comprised of selecting appropriate values for parameters in the energy balance. In this work, we illustrate a method by which constants in the characterization of heat losses are determined from analysis of the cooling portion of the sensor's response occurring immediately following short-duration intense heat flux. The method is demonstrated in two experimental set-ups: a pure radiant (quartz lamp bank) exposure of single-slug calorimeters in tandem with a water-cooled Schmidt-Boelter sensor and exposure to flame engulfment conditions using a flat panel target instrumented with a cluster of twelve calorimeters surrounding a witness Medtherm thermopile heat flux sensor. Good agreement between the witness sensors and calibrated calorimeters is obtained for both nude exposures and for transmitted heat flux behind a fabric test specimen. Calibration from the cooling portion of the response provides the advantage of calibrating sensors in situ and en masse. These results suggest the technique may be extended to the calibration of 122 sensors installed on the mannequin in situ from a small number of nude exposures. C1 [Godfrey, Thomas A.; Proulx, Gary N.] US Army, Natick Soldier Res Dev & Engn Ctr, 15 Gen Greene Ave, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Godfrey, TA (reprint author), US Army, Natick Soldier Res Dev & Engn Ctr, 15 Gen Greene Ave, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASTM INTERNATIONAL PI WEST CONSHOHOCKEN PA 100 BARR HARBOR DRIVE, PO BOX C700, WEST CONSHOHOCKEN, PA 19428-2959 USA SN 0066-0558 BN 978-0-8031-7631-7 J9 AM SOC TEST MATER PY 2016 VL 1593 BP 42 EP 62 DI 10.1520/STP759320760002 PG 21 WC Materials Science, Characterization & Testing; Materials Science, Textiles SC Materials Science GA BF9TT UT WOS:000385898200004 ER PT S AU Kim, E Dembsey, N Godfrey, TA AF Kim, Esther Dembsey, Nicholas Godfrey, Thomas A. BE Shiels, B Lehtonen, K TI Parametric Study of Fabric Characteristics' Effect on Vertical Flame Test Performance Using Numerical Modeling SO PERFORMANCE OF PROTECTIVE CLOTHING AND EQUIPMENT, 10TH VOL: RISK REDUCTION THROUGH RESEARCH AND TESTING SE American Society for Testing and Materials Special Technical Publications LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 10th Symposium on Performance of Protective Clothing and Equipment: Risk Reduction through Research and Testing CY JAN 28-29, 2016 CL San Antonio, TX SP ASTM Int Comm F23 Personal Protect Cloth & Equipment DE computational fluid dynamic (CFD) modeling; vertical flame test; comprehensive pyrolysis modeling; kinetic modeling; parameter estimation; textile ID THERMOGRAVIMETRIC DATA; KINETIC-ANALYSIS; PREDICTION; SIZES AB A parametric study of fabric characteristics' effect on performance in the standard vertical flame test (VFT; ASTM D6413) is conducted using computational fluid dynamics modeling. This bench-top test is used for characterizing fire performance of textiles during the fabric design stage to determine flame resistance. The advantage of utilizing modeling to study fire performance of textiles during VFT is the ability to conduct detailed studies of the effect of fabric characteristics on flame spread. First, two textile materials are chosen for modeling that exhibit two limit cases: either complete flame spread (nylon 6,6/cotton fiber fabric; NYCO) or self-extinguish (flame-retardant rayon/nylon 6,6/para-aramid fiber fabric; FR Army combat uniform) in the VFT. Parameter estimation for various model parameters kinetic parameters and heat of reactions, heat of combustion, thermophysical parameters, and optical parameters is performed for these samples by combination of independent measurements and numerical optimization using bench-scale experimental data. Second, parametric analysis is conducted for these two cases. The parameter values are varied one at a time, and their effect on the pyrolysis modeling (one-dimensional cone test simulation) and the flame spread modeling (three-dimensional VFT simulation) are analyzed. Based on this work, the parameters that are significantly sensitive to modeling outputs (i.e., switch from complete flame spread to self-extinction or vice versa) are identified. Third, understanding the sensitive parameters in this VFT modeling with fabric samples, a new sample is modeled flame-retardant cotton fiber fabric, FR cotton. The modeling results show that numerical modeling is capable of capturing the fire characteristics of a fabric sample when parameters are carefully estimated, especially the sensitive parameters. Understanding the effects of fabric characteristics on different fire behaviors observed in the standard VFT through numerical modeling will help designers more efficiently and effectively develop fire-safe fabrics. C1 [Kim, Esther; Godfrey, Thomas A.] US Army, Natick Soldier Res Dev & Engn Ctr, 15 Kansas St, Natick, MA 01760 USA. [Dembsey, Nicholas] WPI Fire Protect Engn, 50 Prescott St, Worcester, MA 01605 USA. RP Kim, E (reprint author), US Army, Natick Soldier Res Dev & Engn Ctr, 15 Kansas St, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASTM INTERNATIONAL PI WEST CONSHOHOCKEN PA 100 BARR HARBOR DRIVE, PO BOX C700, WEST CONSHOHOCKEN, PA 19428-2959 USA SN 0066-0558 BN 978-0-8031-7631-7 J9 AM SOC TEST MATER PY 2016 VL 1593 BP 78 EP 101 DI 10.1520/STP759320760005 PG 24 WC Materials Science, Characterization & Testing; Materials Science, Textiles SC Materials Science GA BF9TT UT WOS:000385898200006 ER PT S AU Fitek, J Auerbach, M Godfrey, TA Grady, M AF Fitek, John Auerbach, Margaret Godfrey, Thomas A. Grady, Michael BE Shiels, B Lehtonen, K TI High-Intensity Thermal Testing of Protective Fabrics with a CO2 Laser SO PERFORMANCE OF PROTECTIVE CLOTHING AND EQUIPMENT, 10TH VOL: RISK REDUCTION THROUGH RESEARCH AND TESTING SE American Society for Testing and Materials Special Technical Publications LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 10th Symposium on Performance of Protective Clothing and Equipment: Risk Reduction through Research and Testing CY JAN 28-29, 2016 CL San Antonio, TX SP ASTM Int Comm F23 Personal Protect Cloth & Equipment DE carbon dioxide (CO2) laser; arc flash; thermal protection; fabric testing; protective clothing; copper calorimeter AB A laboratory method has been developed to evaluate the thermal barrier performance of protective fabrics with a carbon dioxide (CO2) laser. This experiment can apply high-intensity heat flux (up to 50 cal/cm(2)s) to a fabric test specimen for a short duration (on the order of 100 ms) over a surface area of approximately 6 cm(2). With these intensity and duration levels, results from the CO2 laser test can be compared to those from ASTM F1959, which evaluates and rates the thermal protection performance of fabrics exposed to the controlled discharge of an electric arc. The CO2 laser test uses the same analysis technique as that of ASTM F1959 to rate materials for thermal barrier performance. Data from both test methods are presented for several flame-resistant and protective fabrics. An advantage of the CO2 laser test is the precision of thermal input to the test specimen. Differences in the contact between the test specimen and the calorimeter surface greatly affect the results of the CO2 laser test. Developing a simple and repeatable technique to control this contact was achieved with two different configurations. Certain fabrics tended to deform when heated, which changed this contact and affected the test results. The closest correlation between the CO2 laser test and arc rating test was achieved with an air gap spacer between the test specimen and calorimeter. C1 [Fitek, John; Auerbach, Margaret; Godfrey, Thomas A.; Grady, Michael] US Army, Natick Soldier Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Ouellette Thermal Test Facil, 15 Gen Greene Ave, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Fitek, J (reprint author), US Army, Natick Soldier Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Ouellette Thermal Test Facil, 15 Gen Greene Ave, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASTM INTERNATIONAL PI WEST CONSHOHOCKEN PA 100 BARR HARBOR DRIVE, PO BOX C700, WEST CONSHOHOCKEN, PA 19428-2959 USA SN 0066-0558 BN 978-0-8031-7631-7 J9 AM SOC TEST MATER PY 2016 VL 1593 BP 159 EP 177 DI 10.7520/STP159320760004 PG 19 WC Materials Science, Characterization & Testing; Materials Science, Textiles SC Materials Science GA BF9TT UT WOS:000385898200010 ER PT S AU Xu, XJ Gonzalez, JA Karis, AJ Rioux, TP Potter, AW AF Xu, Xiaojiang Gonzalez, Julio A. Karis, Anthony J. Rioux, Timothy P. Potter, Adam W. BE Shiels, B Lehtonen, K TI Use of Thermal Mannequins for Evaluation of Heat Stress Imposed by Personal Protective Equipment SO PERFORMANCE OF PROTECTIVE CLOTHING AND EQUIPMENT, 10TH VOL: RISK REDUCTION THROUGH RESEARCH AND TESTING SE American Society for Testing and Materials Special Technical Publications LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 10th Symposium on Performance of Protective Clothing and Equipment: Risk Reduction through Research and Testing CY JAN 28-29, 2016 CL San Antonio, TX SP ASTM Int Comm F23 Personal Protect Cloth & Equipment DE thermal mannequin; heat stress; personal protective equipment ID EVAPORATIVE RESISTANCE AB This paper reviews principles of thermal mannequin (TM) operations and discusses appropriate practices in regards to TM use for research and development of personal protective equipment (PPE). A TM measures heat loss from the TM surface to the environment and determines PPE biophysical properties (i.e., thermal and evaporative resistances). Although TM technology continues to advance in terms of controls, data collection, and structure, the basic principles underlying modern TMs remain the same as the first TM developed by the U.S. Army in 1940. A TM measures two primary parameters: power inputs and temperatures. At a state of thermal equilibrium, the power supplied to the TM is equal to heat loss, making it possible to derive the remaining measurement parameters (e.g., thermal and evaporative resistances). User-friendly software provides options for TM control modes, including constant skin temperature (ST), constant heat flux (HF), thermal comfort (TC), and physiological model (PM)-based control. The software also provides different options for data calculation: global (G), parallel (P), and serial (S) methods. For evaluations of PPE, only ST with P or G delivers scientifically valid results of ensemble resistances for either whole-body or regional segments. Although HF, TC, and PM modes are designed for specific applications, they may contradict TM principles, deliver misleading results, and should be used with caution or not used at all. Thermal resistances of eleven ensembles were measured on a TM using the ST method. The results calculated using the P method ranged from 1.24 to 5.79 clo, while results calculated using the S method ranged from 1.43 to 7.98 clo. Differences were approximately 14-38 %. Therefore, proper selection of TM operation modes and calculation methods are crucial to obtain correct results for evaluation of PPE. C1 [Xu, Xiaojiang; Gonzalez, Julio A.; Karis, Anthony J.; Rioux, Timothy P.; Potter, Adam W.] US Army, Environm Med Res Inst, Biophys & Biomed Modeling Div, 10 Gen Greene Ave, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Xu, XJ (reprint author), US Army, Environm Med Res Inst, Biophys & Biomed Modeling Div, 10 Gen Greene Ave, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 27 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASTM INTERNATIONAL PI WEST CONSHOHOCKEN PA 100 BARR HARBOR DRIVE, PO BOX C700, WEST CONSHOHOCKEN, PA 19428-2959 USA SN 0066-0558 BN 978-0-8031-7631-7 J9 AM SOC TEST MATER PY 2016 VL 1593 BP 285 EP 295 DI 10.1520/STP159320160026 PG 11 WC Materials Science, Characterization & Testing; Materials Science, Textiles SC Materials Science GA BF9TT UT WOS:000385898200017 ER PT J AU Cao, Y Qian, ZY Wang, ZJ Dao, T Krishnamurthy, SV Marvel, LM AF Cao, Yue Qian, Zhiyun Wang, Zhongjie Dao, Tuan Krishnamurthy, Srikanth V. Marvel, Lisa M. GP USENIX Assoc TI Off-Path TCP Exploits: Global Rate Limit Considered Dangerous SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 25TH USENIX SECURITY SYMPOSIUM LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 25th USENIX Security Symposium CY AUG 10-12, 2016 CL Austin, TX SP USENIX, facebook, NSF, Cisco, Google, Microsoft, Neustar, IBM Res, Symantec, ACM Queue, ADMIN, CRC Press, Linux Pro Magazine, NetApp, VMware, LXer, UserFriendly Org, OReilly Media, No Starch Press, Virus Bulletin AB In this paper, we report a subtle yet serious side channel vulnerability (CVE-2016-5696) introduced in a recent TCP specification. The specification is faithfully implemented in Linux kernel version 3.6 (from 2012) and beyond, and affects a wide range of devices and hosts. In a nutshell, the vulnerability allows a blind off-path attacker to infer if any two arbitrary hosts on the Internet are communicating using a TCP connection. Further, if the connection is present, such an off-path attacker can also infer the TCP sequence numbers in use, from both sides of the connection; this in turn allows the attacker to cause connection termination and perform data injection attacks. We illustrate how the attack can be leveraged to disrupt or degrade the privacy guarantees of an anonymity network such as Tor, and perform web connection hijacking. Through extensive experiments, we show that the attack is fast and reliable. On average, it takes about 40 to 60 seconds to finish and the success rate is 88% to 97%. Finally, we propose changes to both the TCP specification and implementation to eliminate the root cause of the problem. C1 [Cao, Yue; Qian, Zhiyun; Wang, Zhongjie; Dao, Tuan; Krishnamurthy, Srikanth V.] Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Marvel, Lisa M.] US Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD USA. RP Cao, Y (reprint author), Univ Calif Riverside, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. EM ycao009@cs.ucr.edu; zhiyunq@cs.ucr.edu; zwang048@cs.ucr.edu; tdao006@cs.ucr.edu; krish@cs.ucr.edu; lisa.m.marvel.civ@mail.mil NR 26 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU USENIX ASSOC PI BERKELEY PA SUITE 215, 2560 NINTH ST, BERKELEY, CA 94710 USA BN 978-1-931971-32-4 PY 2016 BP 209 EP 225 PG 17 WC Computer Science, Information Systems SC Computer Science GA BF8XY UT WOS:000385263000013 ER PT S AU Dai, LY AF Dai, Liyi BE Dai, L Zheng, Y Chu, H MeyerBase, AD TI Convergence Rates of Finite Difference Stochastic Approximation Algorithms Part I: General Sampling SO SENSING AND ANALYSIS TECHNOLOGIES FOR BIOMEDICAL AND COGNITIVE APPLICATIONS 2016 SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Sensing and Analysis Technologies for Biomedical and Cognitive Applications CY APR 17-18, 2016 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE stochastic approximation; Kiefer-Wolfowitz algorithm; mirror descent algorithm; finite-difference approximation; Monte Carlo methods AB Stochastic optimization is a fundamental problem that finds applications in many areas including biological and cognitive sciences. The classical stochastic approximation algorithm for iterative stochastic optimization requires gradient information of the sample object function that is typically difficult to obtain in practice. Recently there has been renewed interests in derivative free approaches to stochastic optimization. In this paper, we examine the rates of convergence for the Kiefer-Wolfowitz algorithm and the mirror descent algorithm, under various updating schemes using finite differences as gradient approximations. The analysis is carried out under a general framework covering a wide range of updating scenarios. It is shown that the convergence of these algorithms can be accelerated by controlling the implementation of the finite differences. C1 [Dai, Liyi] US Army Res Off, Div Comp Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27703 USA. RP Dai, LY (reprint author), US Army Res Off, Div Comp Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27703 USA. EM liyi.dai.civ@mail.mil OI Meyer-Baese, Anke/0000-0001-6363-2687 NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0112-3 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9871 AR UNSP 98710L DI 10.1117/12.2228250 PG 11 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics SC Engineering; Optics GA BF9OT UT WOS:000385791600016 ER PT S AU Dai, LY AF Dai, Liyi BE Dai, L Zheng, Y Chu, H MeyerBase, AD TI Convergence Rates of Finite Difference Stochastic Approximation Algorithms Part II: Implementation via Common Random Numbers SO SENSING AND ANALYSIS TECHNOLOGIES FOR BIOMEDICAL AND COGNITIVE APPLICATIONS 2016 SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Sensing and Analysis Technologies for Biomedical and Cognitive Applications CY APR 17-18, 2016 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE stochastic approximation; Kiefer-Wolfowitz algorithm; mirror descent algorithm; finite-difference approximation; Monte Carlo methods ID SIMULATION EXPERIMENTS; MARGINALS AB Stochastic optimization is a fundamental problem that finds applications in many areas including biological and cognitive sciences. The classical stochastic approximation algorithm for iterative stochastic optimization requires gradient information of the sample object function that is typically difficult to obtain in practice. Recently there has been renewed interests in derivative free approaches to stochastic optimization. In this paper, we examine the rates of convergence for the Kiefer-Wolfowitz algorithm and the mirror descent algorithm, by approximating gradient using finite differences generated through common random numbers. It is shown that the convergence of these algorithms can be accelerated by controlling the implementation of the finite differences. Particularly, it is shown that the rate can be increased to n(-2/5) in general and to n(-1/2), the best possible rate of stochastic approximation, in Monte Carlo optimization for a broad class of problems, in the iteration number n. C1 [Dai, Liyi] US Army Res Off, Div Comp Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27703 USA. RP Dai, LY (reprint author), US Army Res Off, Div Comp Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27703 USA. EM liyi.dai.civ@mail.mil OI Meyer-Baese, Anke/0000-0001-6363-2687 NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0112-3 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9871 AR UNSP 98710J DI 10.1117/12.2228251 PG 19 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics SC Engineering; Optics GA BF9OT UT WOS:000385791600014 ER PT J AU Bian, X Krim, H Bronstein, A Dai, LY AF Bian, Xiao Krim, Hamid Bronstein, Alex Dai, Liyi TI Sparsity and Nullity: Paradigms for Analysis Dictionary Learning SO SIAM JOURNAL ON IMAGING SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE dictionary learning; sparse coding; sparse null space problem; union of subspaces ID HIGH-DIMENSIONAL DATA; SPACE PROBLEM; K-SVD; REPRESENTATION; ALGORITHMS; RECONSTRUCTION; MODEL AB Sparse models in dictionary learning have been successfully applied in a wide variety of machine learning and computer vision problems, and as a result have recently attracted increased research interest. Another interesting related problem based on linear equality constraints, namely the sparse null space (SNS) problem, first appeared in 1986 and has since inspired results on sparse basis pursuit. In this paper, we investigate the relation between the SNS problem and the analysis dictionary learning (ADL) problem, and show that the SNS problem plays a central role, and may be utilized to solve dictionary learning problems. Moreover, we propose an efficient algorithm of sparse null space basis pursuit (SNS-BP) and extend it to a solution of ADL. Experimental results on numerical synthetic data and real-world data are further presented to validate the performance of our method. C1 [Bian, Xiao; Krim, Hamid] North Carolina State Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Raleigh, NC 27606 USA. [Bronstein, Alex] Tel Aviv Univ, Sch Elect Engn, IL-69978 Tel Aviv, Israel. [Dai, Liyi] US Army, Res Off, Div Comp Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27703 USA. RP Bian, X (reprint author), North Carolina State Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Raleigh, NC 27606 USA. EM xbian@ncsu.edu; ahk@ncsu.edu; bron@eng.tau.ac.il; liyi.dai.civ@mail.mil FU U.S. Army Research Office [W911NF-04-D-0003, W911NF-16-2-0005]; MDA; ERC [335491] FX The research of the first, second, and fourth authors was supported in part by U.S. Army Research Office under agreements W911NF-04-D-0003 and W911NF-16-2-0005.; The research of these authors was supported in part by MDA.; The research of this author was supported by the ERC StG 335491 (RAPID). NR 37 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 6 PU SIAM PUBLICATIONS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 3600 UNIV CITY SCIENCE CENTER, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104-2688 USA SN 1936-4954 J9 SIAM J IMAGING SCI JI SIAM J. Imaging Sci. PY 2016 VL 9 IS 3 BP 1107 EP 1126 DI 10.1137/15M1030376 PG 20 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Mathematics, Applied; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Computer Science; Mathematics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA DY6YY UT WOS:000385277200009 ER PT J AU Nadolny, RM Gauthier, DT Gaff, HD Bermudez, SE AF Nadolny, Robyn M. Gauthier, David T. Gaff, Holly D. Bermudez, Sergio E. TI Preliminary assessment of the population genetics of Ixodes affinis (Ixodida: Ixodidae) in North and Central America SO SYSTEMATIC AND APPLIED ACAROLOGY LA English DT Article DE Ixodes affinis; population genetics; connectivity ID SOUTHEASTERN UNITED-STATES; ACARI IXODIDAE; BORRELIA-BURGDORFERI; COASTAL-PLAIN; LYME-DISEASE; TICKS; HOSTS; VIRGINIA; CAROLINA; RICINUS AB The recent invasion of the hard tick Ixodes affinis, a sylvatic vector of Borrelia burgdorferi, into the Mid-Atlantic region of the United States has prompted questions as to the origin of these ticks, and the possibility of connectivity with presumed ancestral populations in Central and South America. To assess connectivity and ancestry of I. affinis throughout its range, a fragment of the 16S mitochondrial rRNA gene was sequenced from seven adult I. affinis ticks collected in Colon, Panama, and compared to 19 previously published 16S haplotypes in two clades from the US, seven previously published haplotypes from Belize, and one previously published haplotype from Colombia. This study did not find any overlapping haplotypes between the US, Panama, Belize, and Colombia, showing no evidence for connectivity between North, Central, and South American populations of I. affinis. Two new I. affinis clades associated with ticks from Panama and Belize were also identified. The node that gave rise to the Panama clade of I. affinis was more basal than the nodes leading to the clades containing the majority of ticks from Belize and the United States, and ticks from Belize were more closely related to US ticks than Panama ticks. Several possible competing migration pathways were identified, where ticks may have been introduced to the northern US from Belize, or to the southern US from Panama. Star clusters present in each clade suggest rapid mutation rates after arrival in new areas, and may be associated with the success of I. affinis in invading northern climates. This study provides preliminary evidence for the spread of I. affinis from Central America into the US, and serves as a first step in investigating the possibility of connectivity between Central and North America tick populations. C1 [Nadolny, Robyn M.; Gauthier, David T.; Gaff, Holly D.] Old Dominion Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. [Nadolny, Robyn M.] US Army, Publ Hlth Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. [Gaff, Holly D.] Univ KwaZulu Natal, Sch Math Stat & Comp Sci, Durban, South Africa. [Bermudez, Sergio E.] Inst Conmemorat Gorgas Estudios Salud, Dept Invest Entomol Med, Panama City, Panama. [Bermudez, Sergio E.] Grp Estudios Ectoparasitos, Panama City, Panama. RP Nadolny, RM (reprint author), Old Dominion Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA.; Nadolny, RM (reprint author), US Army, Publ Hlth Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. EM robyn.nadolny@gmail.com FU Jayne Koskinas Ted Giovanis Foundation for Health and Policy through Dissertation Support Grant FX We would like to acknowledge the Instituto Conmemorativo Gorgas de Estudios de la Salud (Gorgas Memorial Institute for Health Studies) for the use of their transportation, personnel, and laboratory space, and the Jayne Koskinas Ted Giovanis Foundation for Health and Policy for funding this study through a Dissertation Support Grant awarded to RN. We thank the National Ministry of Environmental for permission to collect ticks in Panama, which were collected and transported to the US under Center for Disease Control Public Health Services Permit No. 2014-09-079. We would also like to thank Rich Robbins (AFPBM, US) and Alberto Guglielmone (INTA, Argentina) for their generosity in sharing their expertise on tropical ticks and the tick research community at the inception of this project. We are especially grateful to our field assistants in Panama, Sugeys Torres and Lillian Dominguez, without whom fewer specimens would certainly have been collected. Thanks also to Marcelo Labruna for sharing Belize sequences prior to their availability in GenBank, and to two anonymous reviewers for their comments on an earlier version of this manuscript. Finally, thanks to Tucker Nelson, for critical logistical support during the field collections in Panama. NR 33 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU SYSTEMATIC & APPLIED ACAROLOGY SOC LONDON, NATURAL HISTORY MUSEUM PI LONDON PA DEPT ENTOMOLOGY, LONDON, SW7 5BD, ENGLAND SN 1362-1971 J9 SYST APPL ACAROL-UK JI Syst. Appl. Acarol. PY 2016 VL 21 IS 10 BP 1300 EP 1308 DI 10.11158/saa.21.10.2 PG 9 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA DZ4ND UT WOS:000385834500002 ER PT J AU Arroyo, MA Schmitt, BH Davis, TE Relich, RF AF Arroyo, Miguel A. Schmitt, Bryan H. Davis, Thomas E. Relich, Ryan F. TI Detection of the Dimorphic Phases of Mucor circinelloides in Blood Cultures from an Immunosuppressed Female SO CASE REPORTS IN INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID PRIMARY CUTANEOUS ZYGOMYCOSIS; MUCORMYCOSIS; FUNGEMIA; PATHOGEN; HOST AB Mucormycosis fungemia is rarely documented since blood cultures are nearly always negative. We describe a case of Mucor circinelloides fungemia in a patient with a history of a sinus infection, sarcoidosis, and IgG deficiency. The identity of the isolate was supported by its microscopic morphology and its ability to convert into yeast forms under anaerobic conditions. The early detection, initiation of liposomal amphotericin B treatment, and reversal of underlying predisposing risk factors resulted in a good outcome. C1 [Arroyo, Miguel A.; Schmitt, Bryan H.; Davis, Thomas E.; Relich, Ryan F.] Indiana Univ Sch Med, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA. [Arroyo, Miguel A.] US Army, Med Dept Ctr & Sch, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Relich, RF (reprint author), Indiana Univ Sch Med, Dept Pathol & Lab Med, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA. EM rrelich@iupui.edu NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU HINDAWI PUBLISHING CORP PI NEW YORK PA 315 MADISON AVE 3RD FLR, STE 3070, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2090-6625 EI 2090-6633 J9 CASE REP INFECT DIS JI Case Rep. Infect. Dis. PY 2016 AR 3720549 DI 10.1155/2016/3720549 PG 4 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA DY5LW UT WOS:000385142300001 ER PT B AU McCauley, JW AF McCauley, James W. BE Ohji, T Singh, M TI AN INTRODUCTION TO MATERIALS BY DESIGN INCLUDING A DYNAMIC STRESS ENVIRONMENT SO ENGINEERED CERAMICS: CURRENT STATUS AND FUTURE PROSPECTS LA English DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter DE Materials by Design; characterization; materials selection; unique signature; ceramic matrix composites; extreme dynamic environments ID COMPRESSIVE FAILURE; INTERFACE DEFEAT; ARMOR CERAMICS; PLASTICITY; ALUMINA; PENETRATION; TRANSITION; RESISTANCE; DEFORMATION; PERFORMANCE AB Materials by Design, conceptually, describes a process of designing materials from the atomic to the macroscopic scale for a particular suite of mechanisms and properties that are required for defined performance/applications. Very simply, it is not about how to design components (systems) with existing materials, but about how to select and design materials for defined applications. Initially, the importance and definition of "materials characterization" are presented. including a materials "unique signature" at the atomic, microstructure, and macrostructure scales. Abrief history of the emergence of Materials by Design is summarized, followed by progressively more complex examples, including atomic structure and microstructure design in ceramic matrix composites. Historically, the Materials by Design approach has been primarily used for systems in quasi-static mechanical environments; utilization in extreme dynamic environments presents significant challenges. A simplified example of the approach for solid-on-solid impact on a structural ceramic is described. Finally, the influence of this approach in a strategic materials basic research program and the new transformational Materials in Extreme Dynamic Environments program at the Army Research Laboratory is briefly summarized. C1 [McCauley, James W.] Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. [McCauley, James W.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. RP McCauley, JW (reprint author), Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA.; McCauley, JW (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. NR 51 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA BN 978-1-119-10041-6; 978-1-119-10040-9 PY 2016 BP 3 EP 28 D2 10.1002/9781119100430 PG 26 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA BF7FF UT WOS:000384001300002 ER PT J AU Borchers, A Huggins, K AF Borchers, Andrew Huggins, Kevin TI Healthcare.gov Website Failure: A Critical Incident Examplar SO JOURNAL OF CASES ON INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Borchers, Andrew] Lipscomb Univ, Nashville, TN 37204 USA. [Huggins, Kevin] Harrisburg Univ Sci & Technol, Comp Sci & Data Analyt, Harrisburg, PA USA. [Borchers, Andrew] Kettering Univ Flint, Flint, MI 48504 USA. [Huggins, Kevin] US Mil Acad, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, West Point, NY 10996 USA. [Huggins, Kevin] Ecole Tech Avancees Paris, Paris, France. RP Borchers, A (reprint author), Lipscomb Univ, Nashville, TN 37204 USA.; Borchers, A (reprint author), Kettering Univ Flint, Flint, MI 48504 USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IGI PUBL PI HERSHEY PA 701 E CHOCOLATE AVE, STE 200, HERSHEY, PA 17033-1240 USA SN 1548-7717 EI 1548-7725 J9 J CASES INF TECHNOL JI J. Cases Inf. Technol. PD JAN-MAR PY 2016 VL 18 IS 1 BP 65 EP 69 DI 10.4018/JCIT.2016010105 PG 5 WC Computer Science, Information Systems SC Computer Science GA DY2HR UT WOS:000384914200006 ER PT J AU Liu, YY Buru, CT Howarth, AJ Mahle, JJ Buchanan, JH DeCoste, JB Hupp, JT Farha, OK AF Liu, Yangyang Buru, Cassandra T. Howarth, Ashlee J. Mahle, John J. Buchanan, James H. DeCoste, Jared B. Hupp, Joseph T. Farha, Omar K. TI Efficient and selective oxidation of sulfur mustard using singlet oxygen generated by a pyrene-based metal-organic framework SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY A LA English DT Article ID CHEMICAL-WARFARE AGENTS; HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE; THIOETHER-OXIDATION; AMBIENT CONDITIONS; MESOPOROUS SILICA; TRIPLET-STATES; GAS ANALOG; SULFIDES; HYDROLYSIS; DEGRADATION AB A pyrene-based metal-organic framework (MOF) NU-1000 was used as a heterogeneous photocatalyst for the degradation of a sulfur mustard simulant, 2-chloroethyl ethyl sulfide (CEES). Using irradiation from a commercially available and inexpensive ultraviolet (UV) light-emitting diode (LED), singlet oxygen (O-1(2)) is generated by NU-1000 and selectively oxidizes CEES to the nontoxic product 2-chloroethyl ethyl sulfoxide (CEESO). More importantly, this method was tested on the warfare agent sulfur mustard (HD) for the first time using O-1(2) and a MOF catalyst, and this method proved to be effective in oxidizing sulfur mustard to nontoxic products without forming the toxic sulfone by-product. C1 [Liu, Yangyang; Buru, Cassandra T.; Howarth, Ashlee J.; Hupp, Joseph T.; Farha, Omar K.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Chem, 2145 Sheridan Rd, Evanston, IL 60208 USA. [Mahle, John J.; Buchanan, James H.; DeCoste, Jared B.] US Army Res Dev & Engn Command, Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, 5183 Blackhawk Rd, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. [Farha, Omar K.] King Abdulaziz Univ, Dept Chem, Fac Sci, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. RP Hupp, JT; Farha, OK (reprint author), Northwestern Univ, Dept Chem, 2145 Sheridan Rd, Evanston, IL 60208 USA.; Farha, OK (reprint author), King Abdulaziz Univ, Dept Chem, Fac Sci, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. EM j-hupp@northwestern.edu; o-farha@northwestern.edu FU U.S. Dept. of Defense; Joint Science and Technology Office for Chemical and Biological Defense (JSTO-CBD) [BA13PHM210]; MRSEC program of the National Science Foundation at the Materials Research Center of Northwestern University [DMR-1121262]; NIH [1S10OD012016-01/1S10RR019071-01A1] FX O.K.F. and J.T.H. gratefully acknowledge support from the U.S. Dept. of Defense. J.J.M, J.H.B, and J.B.D acknowledge the Joint Science and Technology Office for Chemical and Biological Defense (JSTO-CBD) for funding under BA13PHM210. This work made use of the J. B. Cohen X-Ray Diffraction Facility supported by the MRSEC program of the National Science Foundation (DMR-1121262) at the Materials Research Center of Northwestern University. NMR experiments were performed at the IMSERC facility at Northwestern University with support from the NIH (1S10OD012016-01/1S10RR019071-01A1). NR 70 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 30 U2 30 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 2050-7488 EI 2050-7496 J9 J MATER CHEM A JI J. Mater. Chem. A PY 2016 VL 4 IS 36 BP 13809 EP 13813 DI 10.1039/c6ta05903a PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA DX2YE UT WOS:000384238900014 ER PT B AU McFate, S AF McFate, Sean BE Abrahamsen, R Leander, A TI PMSCs IN INTERNATIONAL SECURITY SECTOR REFORM SO ROUTLEDGE HANDBOOK OF PRIVATE SECURITY STUDIES LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [McFate, Sean] Natl Def Univ, Washington, DC 20319 USA. [McFate, Sean] Georgetown Univ, Sch Foreign Serv, Sch Foreign Serv, Washington, DC 20057 USA. [McFate, Sean] Atlantic Council, Washington, DC USA. [McFate, Sean] RAND Corp, Santa Monica, CA 90406 USA. [McFate, Sean] US Army, Santa Monica, CA USA. [McFate, Sean] Amnesty Int SSR issues, New York, NY USA. [McFate, Sean] DynCorp Int, Mclean, VA USA. RP McFate, S (reprint author), Natl Def Univ, Washington, DC 20319 USA.; McFate, S (reprint author), Georgetown Univ, Sch Foreign Serv, Sch Foreign Serv, Washington, DC 20057 USA. NR 32 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROUTLEDGE PI ABINGDON PA 2 PARK SQ, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXFORD, ENGLAND BN 978-1-315-85098-6; 978-0-415-72935-2 PY 2016 BP 118 EP 127 PG 10 WC Business; Criminology & Penology; International Relations; Public Administration SC Business & Economics; Criminology & Penology; International Relations; Public Administration GA BF7UT UT WOS:000384522500013 ER PT B AU Graesser, AC Hu, XE Nye, BD Sottilare, RA AF Graesser, Arthur C. Hu, Xiangen Nye, Benjamin D. Sottilare, Robert A. BE ONeil, HF Baker, EL Perez, RS TI INTELLIGENT TUTORING SYSTEMS, SERIOUS GAMES, AND THE GENERALIZED INTELLIGENT FRAMEWORK FOR TUTORING (GIFT) SO USING GAMES AND SIMULATIONS FOR TEACHING AND ASSESSMENT: KEY ISSUES LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID METAANALYSIS; AUTOTUTOR; EDUCATION; LANGUAGE; DIALOGUE; OUTCOMES C1 [Graesser, Arthur C.; Hu, Xiangen] Univ Memphis, Dept Psychol, Memphis, TN 38152 USA. [Graesser, Arthur C.; Hu, Xiangen; Nye, Benjamin D.] Univ Memphis, Inst Intelligent Syst, Memphis, TN 38152 USA. [Graesser, Arthur C.] Univ Oxford, Oxford OX1 2JD, England. [Graesser, Arthur C.] Empir Studies Literature Art & Media, Seoul, South Korea. [Graesser, Arthur C.] Soc Text & Discourse, Kassel, Germany. [Graesser, Arthur C.] Int Soc Artificial Intelligence Educ, Auckland, New Zealand. [Graesser, Arthur C.] Federat Assoc Behav & Brain Sci Fdn, Washington, DC USA. [Hu, Xiangen] Univ Memphis, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Memphis, TN 38152 USA. [Hu, Xiangen] Cent China Normal Univ, Wuhan, Peoples R China. [Hu, Xiangen] Adv Distributed Learning ADL Ctr Intelligent Tuto, Memphis, TN USA. [Hu, Xiangen] Chinese Minist Educ Key Lab Adolescent Cyberpsych, Wuhan, Peoples R China. [Nye, Benjamin D.] Univ Southern Calif, Inst Creat Technol, Learning Sci, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. [Sottilare, Robert A.] US Army, Res Lab, Adapt Training Res, Hillandale, MD USA. [Sottilare, Robert A.] GIFT, Memphis, TN USA. [Sottilare, Robert A.] US Mil Acad, West Point, NY 10996 USA. [Sottilare, Robert A.] Univ Cent Florida, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. RP Graesser, AC (reprint author), Univ Memphis, Dept Psychol, Memphis, TN 38152 USA.; Graesser, AC (reprint author), Univ Memphis, Inst Intelligent Syst, Memphis, TN 38152 USA.; Graesser, AC (reprint author), Univ Oxford, Oxford OX1 2JD, England. NR 75 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU ROUTLEDGE PI ABINGDON PA 2 PARK SQ, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXFORD, ENGLAND BN 978-0-415-73788-3; 978-1-315-81776-7; 978-0-415-73787-6 PY 2016 BP 58 EP 79 PG 22 WC Education & Educational Research SC Education & Educational Research GA BF7UA UT WOS:000384481500005 ER PT J AU Haran, FJ Dretsch, MN Bleiberg, J AF Haran, F. Jay Dretsch, Michael N. Bleiberg, Joseph TI Performance on the Defense Automated Neurobehavioral Assessment across controlled environmental conditions SO APPLIED NEUROPSYCHOLOGY-ADULT LA English DT Article DE DANA; military; NCAT; neurocognitive ID NEUROCOGNITIVE ASSESSMENT-TOOL; SPORT-RELATED CONCUSSION; BASE-LINE; COGNITIVE PERFORMANCE; RELIABILITY; DEPLOYMENT; SYMPTOMS; BATTERY; STRAIN; INJURY AB Neurocognitive assessment tools (NCAT) are commonly used to screen for changes in cognitive functioning following a mild traumatic brain injury and to assist with a return to duty decision. As such, it is critical to determine if performance on the Defense Automated Neurobehavioral Assessment (DANA) is adversely affected by operationally-relevant field environments. Differences in DANA performance between a thermoneutral environment and three simulated operationally-relevant field environments across the thermal stress continuum were calculated for 16 healthy U.S. Navy service members. Practice effects associated with brief test-retest intervals were calculated within each environmental condition. There were no significant differences between the simulated environmental conditions suggesting that performance on the DANA Brief is not impacted by thermal stress. Additionally, there were no significant differences in performance within each simulated environmental condition associated with repeated administrations. C1 [Haran, F. Jay] NSMRL, Box 900, Groton, CT 06349 USA. [Dretsch, Michael N.] US Army Aeromed Res Lab, Warfighter Hlth Div, Ft Rucker, AL USA. [Bleiberg, Joseph] WRNMMC, Bethesda, MD USA. RP Haran, FJ (reprint author), NSMRL, Box 900, Groton, CT 06349 USA. EM francis.j.haran.mil@mail.mil OI Bleiberg, Joseph/0000-0003-0867-5494 FU Bureau of Medicine and Surgery (BUMED), Wounded, Ill and Injured Directorate [12 PR0056] FX Funding is gratefully acknowledged from the Bureau of Medicine and Surgery (BUMED), Wounded, Ill and Injured Directorate (M9 Grant Number 12 PR0056). NR 37 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 2327-9095 EI 2327-9109 J9 APPL NEUROPSYCH-ADUL JI Appl. Neuropsychol.-Adult PY 2016 VL 23 IS 6 BP 411 EP 417 DI 10.1080/23279095.2016.1166111 PG 7 WC Clinical Neurology; Psychology SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychology GA DX6XV UT WOS:000384530300004 PM 27182844 ER PT J AU Setzekorn, E AF Setzekorn, Eric TI The Contemporary Utility of 1930s Counterintelligence Prosecution Under the United States Espionage Act SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INTELLIGENCE AND COUNTERINTELLIGENCE LA English DT Article C1 [Setzekorn, Eric] US Army, Ctr Mil Hist, Washington, DC 20301 USA. RP Setzekorn, E (reprint author), US Army, Ctr Mil Hist, Washington, DC 20301 USA. NR 56 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0885-0607 EI 1521-0561 J9 INT J INTELL COUNTER JI Int. J. Intell. Counterintelligence PY 2016 VL 29 IS 3 BP 545 EP 563 DI 10.1080/08850607.2016.1121050 PG 19 WC International Relations SC International Relations GA DX4KV UT WOS:000384350900007 ER PT S AU Costley, RD Folks, WR Kirkendall, CK Galan-Comas, G Smith, EW Parker, MW Hathaway, KK AF Costley, R. Daniel Folks, William R. Kirkendall, Clay K. Galan-Comas, Gustavo Smith, Eric W. Parker, Michael W. Hathaway, Kent K. BE Dubinskii, M Post, SG TI Applications of signal multiplexing in fiber optic-based acoustic and seismic sensors SO LASER TECHNOLOGY FOR DEFENSE AND SECURITY XII SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Laser Technology for Defense and Security XII CY APR 19-20, 2016 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE Optical fiber sensors; interferometry; remote sensing; acoustic sensing; seismic sensing; sensor multiplexing AB Fiber optic systems are deployed in a variety of settings as strain sensors to locate small disturbances along the length of the optical fiber cable, which is often tens of kilometers long. This technology has the advantages of low cost and design simplicity, as the sensor is its own source of telemetry and may be easily repaired or replaced. One of the limitations of current technology is noise from optical backscatter events in the fiber resulting in a degraded signal in individual spatial zones leading to signal fading. Detection within these zones along the length of the fiber is then obscured. Signal multiplexing may be used to increase sensitivity and signal-to-noise ratio and reduce signal fading. In such an architecture, multiple channels are multiplexed together and transmitted along the fiber. In this article, we report on results from two different systems that were tested using such techniques. Results are then compared with a single channel system. C1 [Costley, R. Daniel; Folks, William R.; Galan-Comas, Gustavo; Smith, Eric W.] US Army, Corps Engineers, Geotech & Struct Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. [Kirkendall, Clay K.] Naval Res Lab, Opt Sci Div, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Parker, Michael W.] Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, 72 Lyme Rd, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. [Hathaway, Kent K.] Coastal & Hydraul Lab, Field Res Facil, 1261 Duck Rd, Kitty Hawk, NC 27949 USA. RP Costley, RD (reprint author), US Army, Corps Engineers, Geotech & Struct Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0075-1 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9834 AR UNSP 98340X DI 10.1117/12.2223211 PG 9 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BF8EG UT WOS:000384769800019 ER PT S AU Newburgh, GA Dubinskii, M AF Newburgh, G. A. Dubinskii, Mark BE Dubinskii, M Post, SG TI Er-doped YVO4 amplifier diode pumped at 976 nm SO LASER TECHNOLOGY FOR DEFENSE AND SECURITY XII SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Laser Technology for Defense and Security XII CY APR 19-20, 2016 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE AB We report on the use of a 976 nm diode pumped Er:YVO4 slab for the amplification of 1603 nm laser radiation with a small signal gain of 2.1. To the best of our knowledge, this represents the first use of Er:YVO4 as a non-resonantly pumped amplifier. C1 [Newburgh, G. A.; Dubinskii, Mark] US Army Res Lab, RDRL SEE L 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Newburgh, GA (reprint author), US Army Res Lab, RDRL SEE L 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM george.a.newburgh.civ@mail.mil NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0075-1 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9834 AR UNSP 983406 DI 10.1117/12.2229011 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BF8EG UT WOS:000384769800002 ER PT S AU Campbell, C Mazur, B Cayci, F Waite, N Kiamilev, F Liu, JJ AF Campbell, Casey Mazur, Benjamin Cayci, Furkan Waite, Nicholas Kiamilev, Fouad Liu, Jony J. BE Kelmelis, EJ TI Algorithm Development, Optimization, and Simulation Framework for a Phase-Locking Fiber Laser Array SO LONG-RANGE IMAGING SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Long-Range Imaging CY APR 19, 2016 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE C1 [Campbell, Casey; Mazur, Benjamin; Cayci, Furkan; Waite, Nicholas; Kiamilev, Fouad] Univ Delaware, CVORG Labs, Newark, DE 19716 USA. [Liu, Jony J.] US Army, RDRL CIE S, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Kiamilev, F (reprint author), Univ Delaware, CVORG Labs, Newark, DE 19716 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0087-4 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9846 AR UNSP 98460C DI 10.1117/12.2224323 PG 10 WC Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BF8EF UT WOS:000384769000008 ER PT J AU Smith, R AF Smith, Roger TI Bureaucracy as Innovation SO RESEARCH-TECHNOLOGY MANAGEMENT LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Smith, Roger] Florida Hosp, Nicholson Ctr Surg Advancement, Orlando, FL 32803 USA. [Smith, Roger] US Army, CTO, Fairfax, VA 22033 USA. [Smith, Roger] Titan Corp, San Diego, CA 92121 USA. [Smith, Roger] BTG Inc, Jacksonville, FL 32216 USA. RP Smith, R (reprint author), Florida Hosp, Nicholson Ctr Surg Advancement, Orlando, FL 32803 USA.; Smith, R (reprint author), US Army, CTO, Fairfax, VA 22033 USA.; Smith, R (reprint author), Titan Corp, San Diego, CA 92121 USA.; Smith, R (reprint author), BTG Inc, Jacksonville, FL 32216 USA. EM roger.smith@flhosp.org NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU INDUSTRIAL RESEARCH INST, INC PI ARLINGTON PA 2300 CLARENDON BLVD, STE 400, ARLINGTON, VA 22201 USA SN 0895-6308 EI 1930-0166 J9 RES TECHNOL MANAGE JI Res.-Technol. Manage. PD JAN-FEB PY 2016 VL 59 IS 1 BP 61 EP 63 DI 10.1080/08956308.2016.1117341 PG 3 WC Business; Engineering, Industrial; Management SC Business & Economics; Engineering GA DX6ZA UT WOS:000384533600013 ER PT J AU Escarsega, JA Mack, A Rivenc, R Learner, T AF Escarsega, John A. Mack, Abigail Rivenc, Rachel Learner, Tom TI Coat of arms: Dovetailing the needs of outdoor sculpture and military assets to develop more durable and adaptable paint systems SO STUDIES IN CONSERVATION LA English DT Article DE Outdoor sculpture; Camouflage coatings; Outdoor coatings; Matte paint; Low solar absorbing pigments AB The requirements for paints used on outdoor sculpture and military vehicles are similar: overall protection for the underlying substrate, and the ability to withstand prolonged outdoor exposure and recurring physical contact. Aesthetic requirements are different but stringent for both categories of coatings and include maintaining appearance over time. Building on prior work undertaken by the United States Department of Defense (DoD) Army Research Laboratory (ARL) to modify military coating systems into a matte black paint suitable for outdoor sculpture, a long-term interdisciplinary collaboration is under way between the ARL, the Getty Conservation Institute, Mack Art Conservation, and NCP Coatings, that aims to develop and evaluate a wider range of robust paint systems with novel attributes for both the DoD and outdoor painted sculptures. For the latter, this includes coatings with a broader range of gloss, formulated with a much more varied palette. New low-gloss coatings used on military assets were used to paint sculptures by Alexander Calder, Tony Smith, and Louise Nevelson, designed to an aesthetic standard based on approved colour and gloss levels by the relevant artists' foundations and estates, and formulated to enhance durability. These new coatings offer the ability to match or meet a range of artists' aesthetic preferences, and to use a variety of polymeric flattening agents to control gloss levels, reduce marring, and eliminate volatile and hazardous pollutants. The use of low molecular weight (LMW) resins provides 4-8 hour pot life to assist in the application process. Compared to current resins, the LMW systems reduce organic solvent levels, are low viscosity, and permit far easier application. In addition, the replacement of typical pigments with low solar absorbing (LSA) pigmentation provides higher reflection which 'shields' the resin/binder system and reduces degradation. A particular advantage to conservators from this collaboration is that the coatings on DoD assets provide a convenient indicator of the paint's performance and durability. The outcome will be a unique coating system to provide enhanced durability and maintain the original coating properties for a period of 6-10 years. C1 [Escarsega, John A.] US Army, Res Lab, BLDG 4600, Aberdeen, MD 21005 USA. [Mack, Abigail] Mack Art Conservat, Red Hook, NY USA. [Rivenc, Rachel; Learner, Tom] Getty Conservat Inst, Los Angeles, CA USA. RP Escarsega, JA (reprint author), US Army, Res Lab, BLDG 4600, Aberdeen, MD 21005 USA. EM john.a.escarsega.civ@arl.mil NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0039-3630 EI 2047-0584 J9 STUD CONSERV JI Stud. Conserv. PY 2016 VL 61 SU 2 SI SI BP 49 EP 54 DI 10.1080/00393630.2016.1196431 PG 6 WC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry, Applied; Chemistry, Analytical; Spectroscopy SC Archaeology; Art; Chemistry; Spectroscopy GA DX5ZU UT WOS:000384462200011 ER PT J AU Wu, QS Su, HB Sherman, DJ Liu, HX Wozencraft, JM Yu, BL Chen, ZQ AF Wu, Qiusheng Su, Haibin Sherman, Douglas J. Liu, Hongxing Wozencraft, Jennifer M. Yu, Bailang Chen, Zuoqi TI A graph-based approach for assessing storm-induced coastal changes SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF REMOTE SENSING LA English DT Article ID LIDAR DATA; GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION; AERIAL IMAGERY; BEACH CHANGES; AIRBORNE; ONTOLOGIES; FLORIDA; MODEL AB Hurricanes and tropical storms are severe threats to coastal properties, settlements, and infrastructure. Airborne light detection and ranging (lidar) surveys conducted before and after storm events allow detailed analysis of coastal geomorphologic and sediment volumetric changes and have been proved very useful in the study of coastal changes. Traditionally, most studies use the pixel-based differencing method to quantify the spatial extent and magnitude of coastal changes based on sequential lidar surveys. This research presents a graph theory-based approach and associated software tools for representing and quantifying storm-induced damages to buildings, beaches and sand dunes, coastal vegetation canopy, and infrastructure. Generation of elevation difference grids, construction of local contour trees, and derivation of semantic properties are key components of the new algorithm for change object detection and extraction. An ontology and taxonomy are proposed to classify change objects into different types of coastal damages in terms of their semantic properties. This method has been successfully applied to assess damages of Hurricane Ike to the Bolivar Peninsula on the Texas Gulf Coast based on pre- and post-storm airborne lidar data and colour infrared aerial photographs. C1 [Wu, Qiusheng] SUNY Binghamton, Dept Geog, Binghamton, NY 13902 USA. [Su, Haibin] Texas A&M Univ Kingsville, Dept Phys & Geosci, Kingsville, TX USA. [Sherman, Douglas J.] Univ Alabama, Dept Geog, Tuscaloosa, AL USA. [Liu, Hongxing] Univ Cincinnati, Dept Geog, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Wozencraft, Jennifer M.] US Army Corp Engineers, Kiln, MS USA. [Yu, Bailang; Chen, Zuoqi] East China Normal Univ, Key Lab Geog Informat Sci, Minist Educ, Shanghai, Peoples R China. [Yu, Bailang; Chen, Zuoqi] East China Normal Univ, Sch Geog Sci, Shanghai, Peoples R China. RP Wu, QS (reprint author), SUNY Binghamton, Dept Geog, Binghamton, NY 13902 USA. EM wqs@binghamton.edu OI Wu, Qiusheng/0000-0001-5437-4073 FU Texas General Land Office; Texas Natural Resources Information System; Bureau of Economic Geology; LiDAR FX This work was supported by the Texas General Land Office; Texas Natural Resources Information System; Bureau of Economic Geology; LiDAR. NR 49 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OR14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0143-1161 EI 1366-5901 J9 INT J REMOTE SENS JI Int. J. Remote Sens. PY 2016 VL 37 IS 20 BP 4854 EP 4873 DI 10.1080/01431161.2016.1225180 PG 20 WC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA DX5EL UT WOS:000384402500007 ER PT J AU Marsh, C Koesel, KJ AF Marsh, Christopher Koesel, Karrie J. TI TOWARD A STRATEGY FOR ENGAGING A RESURGENT RUSSIA ON DEMOCRACY, HUMAN RIGHTS, AND RELIGIOUS LIBERTY SO REVIEW OF FAITH & INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS LA English DT Article C1 [Marsh, Christopher] US Army, Sch Adv Mil Studies, Natl Secur & Strateg Studies, Ft Leavenworth, KS 66027 USA. [Koesel, Karrie J.] Univ Notre Dame, Polit Sci, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. [Koesel, Karrie J.] Georgetown Univ, Berkley Ctr Relig Peace & World Affairs, Religious Freedom Project, Washington, DC 20057 USA. [Koesel, Karrie J.] Univ Notre Dame, Ctr Civil & Human Rights, Caesars Sword Project, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. RP Marsh, C (reprint author), US Army, Sch Adv Mil Studies, Natl Secur & Strateg Studies, Ft Leavenworth, KS 66027 USA. NR 42 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1557-0274 EI 1931-7743 J9 REV FAITH INT AFF JI Rev. Faith Int. Aff. PY 2016 VL 14 IS 2 SI SI BP 40 EP 48 DI 10.1080/15570274.2016.1184448 PG 9 WC Religion SC Religion GA DX3YS UT WOS:000384314400006 ER PT J AU Ray, JJ Meizoso, JP Satahoo, SS Davis, JS Van Haren, RM Dermer, H Jill, G Bahouth, GT Blackbourne, LH Schulman, CI AF Ray, Juliet J. Meizoso, Jonathan P. Satahoo, Shevonne S. Davis, James S. Van Haren, Robert M. Dermer, Harrison Jill, Graygo Bahouth, George T. Blackbourne, Lorne H. Schulman, Carl I. TI Potentially preventable prehospital deaths from motor vehicle collisions SO TRAFFIC INJURY PREVENTION LA English DT Article DE car; road; traffic; crash; accident; injury; mortality ID TRAUMATIC BRAIN-INJURY; MEDICAL-MANAGEMENT; PATIENT SAFETY; CARE; HEMORRHAGE; IMPACT; ERRORS AB Background: In 2011, about 30,000 people died in motor vehicle collisions (MVCs) in the United States. We sought to evaluate the causes of prehospital deaths related to MVCs and to assess whether these deaths were potentially preventable.Methods: Miami-Dade Medical Examiner records for 2011 were reviewed for all prehospital deaths of occupants of 4-wheeled motor vehicle collisions. Injuries were categorized by affected organ and anatomic location of the body. Cases were reviewed by a panel of 2 trauma surgeons to determine cause of death and whether the death was potentially preventable. Time to death and hospital arrival times were determined using the Fatality Analysis Reporting System (FARS) data from 2002 to 2012, which allowed comparison of our local data to national prevalence estimates.Results: Local data revealed that 39% of the 98 deaths reviewed were potentially preventable (PPD). Significantly more patients with PPD had neurotrauma as a cause of death compared to those with a nonpreventable death (NPD) (44.7% vs. 25.0%, P =.049). NPDs were significantly more likely to have combined neurotrauma and hemorrhage as cause of death compared to PPDs (45.0% vs. 10.5%, P <.001). NPDs were significantly more likely to have injuries to the chest, pelvis, or spine. NPDs also had significantly more injuries to the following organ systems: lung, cardiac, and vascular chest (all P <.05). In the nationally representative FARS data from 2002 to 2012, 30% of deaths occurred on scene and another 32% occurred within 1h of injury. When comparing the 2011 FARS data for Miami-Dade to the remainder of the United States in that year, percentage of deaths when reported on scene (25 vs. 23%, respectively) and within 1h of injury (35 vs. 32%, respectively) were similar.Conclusions: Nationally, FARS data demonstrated that two thirds of all MVC deaths occurred within 1h of injury. Over a third of prehospital MVC deaths were potentially preventable in our local sample. By examining injury patterns in PPDs, targeted intervention may be initiated. C1 [Ray, Juliet J.; Meizoso, Jonathan P.; Satahoo, Shevonne S.; Davis, James S.; Van Haren, Robert M.; Dermer, Harrison; Schulman, Carl I.] Univ Miami, Miller Sch Med, DeWitt Daughtry Family Dept Surg, Miami, FL 33136 USA. [Jill, Graygo; Bahouth, George T.] Impact Res LLC, Columbia, MD USA. [Blackbourne, Lorne H.] Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Schulman, CI (reprint author), Univ Miami, Sch Med, DeWitt Daughtry Family Dept Surg, Ryder Trauma Ctr, 1800 NW 10th Ave,Suite T 215 D40, Miami, FL 33136 USA. EM cschulman@med.miami.edu NR 31 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1538-9588 EI 1538-957X J9 TRAFFIC INJ PREV JI Traffic Inj. Prev. PY 2016 VL 17 IS 7 BP 676 EP 680 DI 10.1080/15389588.2016.1149580 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Transportation SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Transportation GA DX4BC UT WOS:000384322100003 PM 26890273 ER PT J AU Baird, MB Skariah, E AF Baird, Martha B. Skariah, Elizabeth TI Translating the Hopkins Symptom Checklist-25 (HSCL-25) into Dinka, a South Sudanese tribal language SO TRANSLATION & INTERPRETING-THE INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF TRANSLATION AND INTERPRETING LA English DT Article DE Sudanese refugees; Dinka; depression; anxiety; Hopkins Symptom Checklist 25; HSCL-25; translation of mental health screening instruments ID HARVARD TRAUMA QUESTIONNAIRE; REFUGEE WOMEN; ADAPTATION; VALIDATION; INSTRUMENT; VERSIONS; HEALTH AB Translation and cultural adaptation of screening tools is an essential first step when assessing the mental health status of those from diverse cultures. This article presents a translated and culturally adapted version of the Hopkins Symptom Checklist-25 (HSCL-25), a measure of anxiety and depression, from English into Dinka, a South Sudanese tribal language. The HSCL-25 was translated and blindly back translated independently by two native South Sudanese from the Dinka tribe, a man and a woman, who came to the US as refugees. Once consensus was reached between the two translators, the Dinka translation was reviewed by a focus group of five native Dinka speakers. The original English version and the newly translated Dinka version were critically evaluated for cultural relevance and semantic congruence. Adjustments were made as a result of the focus group discussion, and a final Dinka version was created. C1 [Baird, Martha B.] Univ Kansas, Med Ctr, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. [Skariah, Elizabeth] CVS Minute Clin, USA, Woonsocket, RI USA. RP Baird, MB (reprint author), Univ Kansas, Med Ctr, Lawrence, KS 66045 USA. EM mbaird@kumc.edu; eskariah@att.net NR 42 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV WESTERN SYDNEY, INTERPRETING & TRANSLATION RESEARCH GROUP PI PENRITH SOUTH DC PA LOCKED BAG 1797, PENRITH SOUTH DC, NSW 1797, AUSTRALIA SN 1836-9324 J9 TRANSL INTERPRET JI Transl. Interpret. PY 2016 VL 8 IS 2 BP 96 EP 109 DI 10.12807/ti.108202.2016.a07 PG 14 WC Linguistics SC Linguistics GA DX2RJ UT WOS:000384218200007 ER PT S AU Knick, CR Srour, MD Morris, CJ AF Knick, Cory R. Srour, Merric D. Morris, Christopher J. GP IEEE TI CHARACTERIZATION OF SPUTTERED NICKEL-TITANIUM SHAPE MEMORY ALLOY AND MICROFABRICATED THERMAL ACTUATORS SO 2016 IEEE 29TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MICRO ELECTRO MECHANICAL SYSTEMS (MEMS) SE Proceedings IEEE Micro Electro Mechanical Systems LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 29th IEEE International Conference on Micro Electro Mechanical Systems (MEMS) CY JAN 24-28, 2016 CL Shanghai, PEOPLES R CHINA SP IEEE, IEEE Robot & Automat Soc ID THIN-FILMS; MEMS AB We report on the nncrofabncation and thermal characterization of shape memory alloy (SMA) thin film nickel-titanium (NiTi) bimorph cantilever actuators, which actuate between nearly flat and 1.2 mm radius of curvature states upon heating from room temperature to above 60 degrees C. Through the use of thin film platinum (Pt) in conjunction with high temperature deposition of equiatomic NiTi, we have enabled in-situ crystallization, partially circumventing problems associated with many high temperature, post-process anneals reported in other MEMS SMA demonstrations. We have validated shape memory effects using wafer bowmeasurements for NiTi films down to thicknesses of 270 nm, and predicted folding of released structures down to 100 nm. We also optically actuated 1.4 mu m thick devices with a 440 mW, 532 nm laser at 1.44-7.2 W/cm(2). C1 [Knick, Cory R.; Srour, Merric D.; Morris, Christopher J.] US Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Knick, CR (reprint author), US Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM cory.r.knick.ctr@mail.mil NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1084-6999 BN 978-1-5090-1973-1 J9 PROC IEEE MICR ELECT PY 2016 BP 524 EP 527 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA BF4ZH UT WOS:000381797300137 ER PT S AU Rudy, RQ Pulykamp, JS Bedair, SS Breen, MG Puder, JM Polcawich, RG AF Rudy, Ryan Q. Pulykamp, Jeffrey S. Bedair, Sarah S. Breen, Michael G. Puder, Jonathan M. Polcawich, Ronald G. GP IEEE TI LOW-LOSS GOLD-LACED PZT-ON-SILICON RESONATOR WITH REDUCED PARASITICS SO 2016 IEEE 29TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MICRO ELECTRO MECHANICAL SYSTEMS (MEMS) SE Proceedings IEEE Micro Electro Mechanical Systems LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 29th IEEE International Conference on Micro Electro Mechanical Systems (MEMS) CY JAN 24-28, 2016 CL Shanghai, PEOPLES R CHINA SP IEEE, IEEE Robot & Automat Soc AB This paper reports that adding high-conductivity, low quality-factor material to resonators with low motional resistance can not only significantly improve 50 Omega-terminated insertion loss, IL, (1.73 dB vs. 7.11 dB) but unloaded circuit quality factor as well, (2663 vs. 735) by greatly reducing the dominant loss mechanism, parasitic tether resistance. This has significant implications for the extraction of motional resistance and allows for impedance Ruching which can produce low-loss, wide-bandwidth, steep roll-off filters. C1 [Rudy, Ryan Q.; Pulykamp, Jeffrey S.; Bedair, Sarah S.; Breen, Michael G.; Puder, Jonathan M.; Polcawich, Ronald G.] US Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. [Puder, Jonathan M.] Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY USA. RP Rudy, RQ (reprint author), US Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM ryan.q.rudy.civ@mail.mil NR 8 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1084-6999 BN 978-1-5090-1973-1 J9 PROC IEEE MICR ELECT PY 2016 BP 675 EP 678 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA BF4ZH UT WOS:000381797300176 ER PT S AU Shen, CW Wang, CP Sanghadasa, M Lin, LW AF Shen, Caiwei Wang, Chun-Ping Sanghadasa, Mohan Lin, Liwei GP IEEE TI DIRECT-WRITE POLYMERIC STRAIN SENSORS WITH ARBITARY CONTOURS ON FLEXIBLE SUBSTRATES SO 2016 IEEE 29TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MICRO ELECTRO MECHANICAL SYSTEMS (MEMS) SE Proceedings IEEE Micro Electro Mechanical Systems LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 29th IEEE International Conference on Micro Electro Mechanical Systems (MEMS) CY JAN 24-28, 2016 CL Shanghai, PEOPLES R CHINA SP IEEE, IEEE Robot & Automat Soc ID ELECTRONICS; PRESSURE; SILICON; TEXTILE AB Here we demonstrate the direct-write all-polymer nanofibers as uniaxial strain sensors for flexible and wearable devices. Compared to the state-of-art strain sensors, the unique characteristics include: 1) direct-write all polymeric stain sensors for the first time on flexible substrates: 2) local strain sensing with arbitrary contours and designated sensing directions; and 3) 10X higher gauge factor than that of commercial metal strain sensors. C1 [Shen, Caiwei; Lin, Liwei] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mech Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Wang, Chun-Ping] Natl Tsing Hua Univ, Dept Power Mech Engn, Hsinchu, Taiwan. [Sanghadasa, Mohan] US Army, Aviat & Missile Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Redstone Arsenal, AL USA. RP Shen, CW (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mech Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM shencw10@berkeley.edu NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1084-6999 BN 978-1-5090-1973-1 J9 PROC IEEE MICR ELECT PY 2016 BP 869 EP 872 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA BF4ZH UT WOS:000381797300228 ER PT S AU Xie, YX Shen, CW Sanghadasa, M Tang, Y Lin, LW AF Xie, Yingxi Shen, Caiwei Sanghadasa, Mohan Tang, Yong Lin, Liwei GP IEEE TI A COAXIAL CARBON FIBER MICRO SUPERCAPACITOR SO 2016 IEEE 29TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MICRO ELECTRO MECHANICAL SYSTEMS (MEMS) SE Proceedings IEEE Micro Electro Mechanical Systems LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 29th IEEE International Conference on Micro Electro Mechanical Systems (MEMS) CY JAN 24-28, 2016 CL Shanghai, PEOPLES R CHINA SP IEEE, IEEE Robot & Automat Soc ID ENERGY-STORAGE; ELECTRODES; ARRAYS AB This paper presents a working solid-state coaxial carbon fiber micro supercapacitor with more than 100X smaller diameter as compared with the state-of-art, including: (1) an overall size of 10rtm in diameter: (2) well-controlled electrodeposition and mechanical pulling processes for electrolyte and electrode coatings toward high volumetric energy density and power density: and (3) scalable and low-cost processes. As such, we believe this technology can lead to direct integration of energy storage devices in fabrics for future wearable electronic systems. C1 [Xie, Yingxi; Shen, Caiwei; Lin, Liwei] Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Xie, Yingxi; Tang, Yong] South China Univ Technol, Sch Mech & Automot Engn, Guangzhou, Guangdong, Peoples R China. [Sanghadasa, Mohan] US Army, Aviat & Missile Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Redstone Arsenal, AL USA. RP Shen, CW (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM shencw10@berkeley.edu NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1084-6999 BN 978-1-5090-1973-1 J9 PROC IEEE MICR ELECT PY 2016 BP 1216 EP 1219 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA BF4ZH UT WOS:000381797300316 ER PT J AU Smith, SC Hammell, RJ Wong, KW Mateo, CJ AF Smith, Sidney C. Hammell, Robert J., II Wong, Kin W. Mateo, Carlos J. BE Song, YT TI An Experimental Exploration of the Impact of Multi-Level Packet Loss on Network Intrusion Detection SO 2016 IEEE/ACIS 14TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SOFTWARE ENGINEERING RESEARCH, MANAGEMENT AND APPLICATIONS (SERA) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE/ACIS 14th International Conference on Software Engineering Research, Management and Application (SERA) CY JUN 08-10, 2016 CL Towson Univ, Baltimore, MD SP IEEE Comp Soc, IEEE, Int Assoc Comp & Informat Sci, Shanghai Univ, Shanghai Key Lab Comp Software Testing & Evaluating HO Towson Univ DE computer network security; telecommunication traffic; snort; alert loss rate; network intrusion detection; packet loss rate; sensor alert rate; intrusion detection; kernel; packet loss ID NONLINEAR-REGRESSION AB In this paper we consider the problem of packet loss as it applies to network intrusion detection. We explore the research question: is the impact of packet loss on network intrusion detection performance sufficiently regular to allow a formula to be developed that will predict the effect? We constructed 2 experimental environments to allow us to measure the impact of packet loss. We graphed the packet loss rate against the alert loss rate. We used nonlinear regression analysis to produce a formula with R squared and adjusted R squared values close enough to 1 for us to answer our research question in the affirmative. C1 [Smith, Sidney C.] Army Res Lab, Computat Informat Sci Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 20783 USA. [Hammell, Robert J., II] Towson Univ, Dept Comp & Informat Sci, Towson, MD USA. [Wong, Kin W.; Mateo, Carlos J.] ICF Int, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. RP Smith, SC (reprint author), Army Res Lab, Computat Informat Sci Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 20783 USA. EM sidney.c.smith24@mail.mil; rhammell@towson.edu; kin.w.wong.ctr@mail.mil; carlos.j.mateo.ctr@mail.mil NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-5090-0809-4 PY 2016 BP 23 EP 30 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BF6JX UT WOS:000383222400003 ER PT S AU Bickford, J Guicheteau, J AF Bickford, Justin Guicheteau, Jason BE Fountain, AW TI Chemical and Biological Sensing Applications of Integrated Photonics with an Introduction to the American Institute for Manufacturing Integrated Photonics (AIM Photonics) SO CHEMICAL, BIOLOGICAL, RADIOLOGICAL, NUCLEAR, AND EXPLOSIVES (CBRNE) SENSING XVII SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 17th Meeting of the Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, and Explosives (CBRNE) Sensing Conference met as part of the SPIE Defense + Commercial Sensing (DCS) Symposium CY APR 18-20, 2016 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE Integrated Photonics; Sensors AB Integrated photonics affords an opportunity to explore novel sensing and lab-on-a-chip concepts. It offers a route to high sensitivity, high selectivity, and low SWaP-C test systems that can be operated autonomously or by minimally-trained field personnel. We'll introduce the topic, discuss possible sensing modalities, and highlight the advantages and limitations of this technology. We'll also introduce the recent American Institute for Manufacturing Integrated Photonics (AIM Photonics), give an overview of its vision and capabilities, how to utilize its Electronic-Photonic Design Automation (EPDA) tools and its Multi-Project Wafer and Assembly (MPWA) services, how to engage in its road mapping efforts, and how to become a contributing member. C1 [Bickford, Justin] US Army Res Lab, Aldephi, MD USA. [Guicheteau, Jason] US Army Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, 5183 Blackhawk Rd, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Bickford, J (reprint author), US Army Res Lab, Aldephi, MD USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0065-2 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9824 AR UNSP 982402 DI 10.1117/12.2225898 PG 7 WC Agricultural Engineering; Optics SC Agriculture; Optics GA BF6PI UT WOS:000383503600002 ER PT S AU Choa, FS Wang, CC Khurgin, J Samuels, A Trivedi, S Gupta, D AF Choa, Fow-Sen Wang, Chen-Chia Khurgin, Jacob Samuels, Alan Trivedi, Sudhir Gupta, Deepa BE Fountain, AW TI Standoff Photoacoustic Detections with High-Sensitivity Microphones and Acoustic Arrays SO CHEMICAL, BIOLOGICAL, RADIOLOGICAL, NUCLEAR, AND EXPLOSIVES (CBRNE) SENSING XVII SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 17th Meeting of the Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, and Explosives (CBRNE) Sensing Conference met as part of the SPIE Defense + Commercial Sensing (DCS) Symposium CY APR 18-20, 2016 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE AB Standoff detection of dangerous chemicals like explosives, nerve gases, and harmful aerosols has continuously been an important subject due to the serious concern about terrorist threats to both overseas and homeland lives and facility. Compared with other currently available standoff optical detection techniques, like Raman, photo-thermal, laser induced breakdown spectroscopy, ... etc., photoacoustic (PA) sensing has the advantages of background free and very high detection sensitivity, no need of back reflection surfaces, and 1/R instead of 1/R-2 signal decay distance dependence. Furthermore, there is still a great room for PA sensitivity improvement by using different PA techniques, including lock-in amplifier, employing new microphones, and microphone array techniques. Recently, we have demonstrated standoff PA detection of isopropanol vapor, solid phase TNT and RDX at a standoff distance. To further calibrate the detection sensitivity, we use nerve gas simulants that were generated and calibrated by a commercial vapor generator. For field operations, array of microphones and microphone-reflector pairs can be utilized to achieve noise rejection and signal enhancement. We have experimentally demonstrated signal enhancement and noise reduction using an array of 4 microphone/4 reflector system as well as an array of 16-microphone/1 reflector. In this work we will review and compare different standoff techniques and discuss the advantages of using different photoacoustic techniques. We will also discuss new advancement of using new types of microphone and the performance comparison of using different structure of microphone arrays and combining lock-in amplifier with acoustic arrays. Demonstration of out-door real-time operations with high power mid-IR laser and microphone array will be presented. C1 [Choa, Fow-Sen; Gupta, Deepa] UMBC, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. [Wang, Chen-Chia; Trivedi, Sudhir] Brimrose Corp, Glencoe, MD USA. [Khurgin, Jacob] Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Samuels, Alan] US Army, ECBC, Washington, DC USA. RP Choa, FS (reprint author), UMBC, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0065-2 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9824 AR UNSP 98240M DI 10.1117/12.2224270 PG 11 WC Agricultural Engineering; Optics SC Agriculture; Optics GA BF6PI UT WOS:000383503600017 ER PT S AU Guicheteau, J Hopkins, R AF Guicheteau, Jason Hopkins, Rebecca BE Fountain, AW TI Applications of Spatially Offset Raman Spectroscopy for Defense and Security SO CHEMICAL, BIOLOGICAL, RADIOLOGICAL, NUCLEAR, AND EXPLOSIVES (CBRNE) SENSING XVII SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 17th Meeting of the Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, and Explosives (CBRNE) Sensing Conference met as part of the SPIE Defense + Commercial Sensing (DCS) Symposium CY APR 18-20, 2016 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE Raman Spectroscopy; Spatially Offset Raman Spectroscopy; Through Barrier Detection; Chemical and Biological materials ID SURFACES; MEDIA AB Spatially offset Raman spectroscopy (SORS) allows for sub-surface and through barrier detection and has applications in drug analysis, cancer detection, forensic science, as well as defense and security. This paper reviews previous efforts in SORS and other through barrier Raman techniques and presents a discussion on current research in defense and security applications. C1 [Guicheteau, Jason] US Army Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, 5183 Blackhawk Rd, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. [Hopkins, Rebecca] DSTL, Porton Down, Wilts, England. RP Guicheteau, J (reprint author), US Army Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, 5183 Blackhawk Rd, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 27 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 7 U2 7 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0065-2 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9824 AR UNSP 98240G DI 10.1117/12.2229157 PG 10 WC Agricultural Engineering; Optics SC Agriculture; Optics GA BF6PI UT WOS:000383503600012 ER PT S AU Holthoff, EL Marcus, LS Pellegrino, PM AF Holthoff, Ellen L. Marcus, Logan S. Pellegrino, Paul M. BE Fountain, AW TI Photoacoustic Spectroscopy for Trace Vapor Detection and Standoff Detection of Explosives SO CHEMICAL, BIOLOGICAL, RADIOLOGICAL, NUCLEAR, AND EXPLOSIVES (CBRNE) SENSING XVII SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 17th Meeting of the Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, and Explosives (CBRNE) Sensing Conference met as part of the SPIE Defense + Commercial Sensing (DCS) Symposium CY APR 18-20, 2016 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE Photoacoustic spectroscopy; sensor; quantum cascade laser; MEMS; laser Doppler vibrometer; standoff; explosives detection ID QUANTUM CASCADE LASER; SOLIDS; CELL AB The Army is investigating several spectroscopic techniques (e.g., infrared spectroscopy) that could allow for an adaptable sensor platform. Current sensor technologies, although reasonably sized, are geared to more classical chemical threats, and the ability to expand their capabilities to a broader range of emerging threats is uncertain. Recently, photoacoustic spectroscopy (PAS), employed in a sensor format, has shown enormous potential to address these ever-changing threats. PAS is one of the more flexible IR spectroscopy variants, and that flexibility allows for the construction of sensors that are designed for specific tasks. PAS is well suited for trace detection of gaseous and condensed media. Recent research has employed quantum cascade lasers (QCLs) in combination with MEMS-scale photoacoustic cell designs. The continuous tuning capability of QCLs over a broad wavelength range in the mid-infrared spectral region greatly expands the number of compounds that can be identified. We will discuss our continuing evaluation of QCL technology as it matures in relation to our ultimate goal of a universal compact chemical sensor platform. Finally, expanding on our previously reported photoacoustic detection of condensed phase samples, we are investigating standoff photoacoustic chemical detection of these materials. We will discuss the evaluation of a PAS sensor that has been designed around increasing operator safety during detection and identification of explosive materials by performing sensing operations at a standoff distance. We investigate a standoff variant of PAS based upon an interferometric sensor by examining the characteristic absorption spectra of explosive hazards collected at 1 m. C1 [Holthoff, Ellen L.; Marcus, Logan S.; Pellegrino, Paul M.] US Army Res Lab, RDRL SEE E, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Holthoff, EL (reprint author), US Army Res Lab, RDRL SEE E, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 30 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0065-2 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9824 AR UNSP 98240R DI 10.1117/12.2223698 PG 9 WC Agricultural Engineering; Optics SC Agriculture; Optics GA BF6PI UT WOS:000383503600022 ER PT S AU Jin, F Trivedi, SB Yang, CSC Brown, EE Kumi-Barimah, E Hommerich, UH Samuels, AC AF Jin, Feng Trivedi, Sudhir B. Yang, Clayton S. -C. Brown, Ei E. Kumi-Barimah, Eric Hommerich, Uwe H. Samuels, Alan C. BE Fountain, AW TI Chemical and explosive detection with long-wave infrared laser induced breakdown spectroscopy SO CHEMICAL, BIOLOGICAL, RADIOLOGICAL, NUCLEAR, AND EXPLOSIVES (CBRNE) SENSING XVII SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 17th Meeting of the Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, and Explosives (CBRNE) Sensing Conference met as part of the SPIE Defense + Commercial Sensing (DCS) Symposium CY APR 18-20, 2016 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE laser induced breakdown spectroscopy; long-wave infrared; chemical and explosive detection; molecular vibrational spectroscopy ID ENERGETIC MATERIALS; SENSOR TECHNOLOGY; EMISSIONS; LIBS; TIME; AIR AB Conventional laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) mostly uses silicon-based detectors and measures the atomic emission in the UV-Vis-NIR (UVN) region of the spectrum. It can be used to detect the elements in the sample under test, such as the presence of lead in the solder for electronics during RoHS compliance verification. This wavelength region, however, does not provide sufficient information on the bonding between the elements, because the molecular vibration modes emit at longer wavelength region. Measuring long-wave infrared spectrum (LWIR) in a LIBS setup can instead reveal molecular composition of the sample, which is the information sought in applications including chemical and explosive detection and identification. This paper will present the work and results from the collaboration of several institutions to develop the methods of LWIR LIBS for chemical/explosive/pharmaceutical material detection/identification, such as DMMP and RDX, as fast as using a single excitation laser pulse. In our latest LIBS setup, both UVN and LWIR spectra can be collected at the same time, allowing more accurate detection and identification of materials. C1 [Jin, Feng; Trivedi, Sudhir B.] Brimrose Corp Amer, 19 Loveton Circle, Sparks, MD 21236 USA. [Yang, Clayton S. -C.] Battelle Eastern Sci & Technol Ctr, 1204 Technology Dr, Aberdeen, MD 21001 USA. [Brown, Ei E.; Kumi-Barimah, Eric; Hommerich, Uwe H.] Hampton Univ, Dept Phys, 268 Emancipation Dr, Hampton, VA 23668 USA. [Samuels, Alan C.] US Army, Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, 5183 Blackhawk Rd, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. RP Jin, F (reprint author), Brimrose Corp Amer, 19 Loveton Circle, Sparks, MD 21236 USA. NR 33 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0065-2 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9824 AR UNSP 98240Q DI 10.1117/12.2223427 PG 8 WC Agricultural Engineering; Optics SC Agriculture; Optics GA BF6PI UT WOS:000383503600021 ER PT S AU Litz, MS Russo, JA Katsis, D AF Litz, Marc S. Russo, Johnny A. Katsis, Dimos BE Fountain, AW TI Tritium-powered radiation sensor network SO CHEMICAL, BIOLOGICAL, RADIOLOGICAL, NUCLEAR, AND EXPLOSIVES (CBRNE) SENSING XVII SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 17th Meeting of the Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, and Explosives (CBRNE) Sensing Conference met as part of the SPIE Defense + Commercial Sensing (DCS) Symposium CY APR 18-20, 2016 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE isotope power sources; low illumination PV; low-power electronics ID SCINTILLATORS; EFFICIENCY; EMISSION AB Isotope power supplies offer long-lived (100 years using Ni-63), low-power energy sources, enabling sensors or communications nodes for the lifetime of infrastructure. A tritium beta-source (12.5-year half-life) encapsulated in a phosphor-lined vial couples directly to a photovoltaic (PV) to generate a trickle current into an electrical load. An inexpensive design is described using commercial-of-the-shelf (COTS) components that generate 100 mu W-e for next-generation compact electronics/sensors. A matched radiation sensor has been built for long-duration missions utilizing microprocessor-controlled sleep modes, low-power electronic components, and a passive interrupt driven environmental wake-up. The low-power early-warning radiation detector network and isotope power source enables no-maintenance mission lifetimes. C1 [Litz, Marc S.; Russo, Johnny A.] Army Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. [Katsis, Dimos] Athena Energy, 3100 Airport Way S 24-203, Seattle, WA 98134 USA. RP Litz, MS (reprint author), Army Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM marc.litz@us.army.mil NR 27 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0065-2 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9824 AR UNSP 982412 DI 10.1117/12.2222177 PG 12 WC Agricultural Engineering; Optics SC Agriculture; Optics GA BF6PI UT WOS:000383503600030 ER PT S AU Marsh, JC Litz, MS Carroll, JJ Chiara, CJ Guardala, NA Demaree, JD AF Marsh, J. C. Litz, M. S. Carroll, J. J. Chiara, C. J. Guardala, N. A. Demaree, J. D. BE Fountain, AW TI Progress Towards a LaBr3-based Associated Particle Imaging Test Bed for Contraband Detection and Bulk Materials Analysis SO CHEMICAL, BIOLOGICAL, RADIOLOGICAL, NUCLEAR, AND EXPLOSIVES (CBRNE) SENSING XVII SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 17th Meeting of the Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, and Explosives (CBRNE) Sensing Conference met as part of the SPIE Defense + Commercial Sensing (DCS) Symposium CY APR 18-20, 2016 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE LaBr3; Associated Particle Imaging; VME AB An array of nine 811 cm(3) LaBr3:Ce crystals coupled to photomultiplier tubes is used to detect. rays induced from materials by neutrons emitted from a Deuterium-Tritium neutron generator. The accompanying digital data acquisition system has been developed to understand operational limits for remote detection of explosive contraband and analysis of material composition. Results are presented demonstrating current system performance, with the eventual goal of detecting a small (less than 5%) change in the composition of a material. Improvement expected over existing analog data collection systems are described along with discussion of the enhancements. C1 [Marsh, J. C.; Chiara, C. J.] US Army Res Lab, Adelphi Lab Ctr, Oak Ridge Associated Univ Fellowship Program, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. [Litz, M. S.; Carroll, J. J.] US Army Res Lab, Adelphi Lab Ctr, Adelphi, MD USA. [Guardala, N. A.] Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Carderock Div, Carderock, MD USA. [Demaree, J. D.] US Army Res Lab, Aberdeen, MD USA. RP Marsh, JC (reprint author), US Army Res Lab, Adelphi Lab Ctr, Oak Ridge Associated Univ Fellowship Program, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM jarrod.c.marsh.ctr@mail.mil; marc.s.litz@us.army.mil; james.j.carroll99.civ@mail.mil; christopher.j.chiara2.ctr@mail.mil; noel.a.guardala.civ@mail.mil; john.d.demaree.civ@mail.mil NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0065-2 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9824 AR UNSP 98240N DI 10.1117/12.2224157 PG 12 WC Agricultural Engineering; Optics SC Agriculture; Optics GA BF6PI UT WOS:000383503600018 ER PT S AU Pilkington, SB Roberson, SD Pellegrino, PM AF Pilkington, Sherrie Bowman Roberson, Stephen D. Pellegrino, Paul M. BE Fountain, AW TI Trace Material Detection of Surfaces via Single-Beam Femtosecond MCARS SO CHEMICAL, BIOLOGICAL, RADIOLOGICAL, NUCLEAR, AND EXPLOSIVES (CBRNE) SENSING XVII SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 17th Meeting of the Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, and Explosives (CBRNE) Sensing Conference met as part of the SPIE Defense + Commercial Sensing (DCS) Symposium CY APR 18-20, 2016 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE Raman scattering; CARS; femtosecond; energetics; explosives; simulants; chemical warfare ID INDUCED BREAKDOWN SPECTROSCOPY; CLASSIFICATION; RESIDUES AB There is a significant need for the development of optical diagnostics for rapid and accurate detection of chemical species in convoluted systems. In particular, chemical warfare agents and explosive materials are of interest, however, identification of these species is difficult for a wide variety of reasons. Low vapor pressures, for example, cause traditional Raman scattering to be ineffective due to the incredibly long signal collection times that are required. Multiplex Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman Scattering (MCARS) spectroscopy generates a complete Raman spectrum from the material of interest using a combination of a broadband pulse which drives multiple molecular vibrations simultaneously and a narrow band probe pulse. For most species, the complete Raman spectrum can be detected in milliseconds; this makes MCARS an excellent technique for trace material detection in complex systems. In this paper, we present experimental MCARS results on solid state chemical species in complex systems. The 40fs Ti:Sapphire laser used in this study has sufficient output power to produce both the broadband continuum pulse and narrow band probe pulse simultaneously. A series of explosive materials of interest have been identified and compared with spontaneous Raman spectra, showing the specificity and stability of this system. C1 [Pilkington, Sherrie Bowman; Roberson, Stephen D.; Pellegrino, Paul M.] US Army Res Lab, RDRL SEE E, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Pilkington, SB (reprint author), US Army Res Lab, RDRL SEE E, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 2 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0065-2 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9824 AR UNSP 98240F DI 10.1117/12.2223768 PG 8 WC Agricultural Engineering; Optics SC Agriculture; Optics GA BF6PI UT WOS:000383503600011 ER PT S AU Pilkington, SB Roberson, SD Pellegrino, PM AF Pilkington, Sherrie Bowman Roberson, Stephen D. Pellegrino, Paul M. BE Fountain, AW TI Analysis of Continuum Generation in Bulk Materials with a Femtosecond Ti:Sapph Laser SO CHEMICAL, BIOLOGICAL, RADIOLOGICAL, NUCLEAR, AND EXPLOSIVES (CBRNE) SENSING XVII SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 17th Meeting of the Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, and Explosives (CBRNE) Sensing Conference met as part of the SPIE Defense + Commercial Sensing (DCS) Symposium CY APR 18-20, 2016 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE Supercontinuum; femtosecond; white light; spectroscopy ID PULSES; LIGHT; MEDIA; SAPPHIRE AB There is a significant need for the generation of highly stable continuum beams for a wide variety of optical diagnostic techniques. Of particular interest to this group are those techniques being used for chemical detection, such as Multiplex Coherent Anti-Stokes Raman Scattering (MCARS), stimulated Raman scattering, two-photon absorption spectroscopy, and techniques involving ultrafast optical parametric amplifiers (OPAs). While photonic crystal fibers (PCFs) are popular and provide an ample method for continuum generation under very specific conditions, they are not particularly stable in unfavorable conditions and can exhibit energy fluctuations and lack of coherence. Bulk solid materials, commonly sapphire or YAG crystals, can provide incredibly broad and smooth spectra with better temporal and spatial coherence. In this study, we present an in-depth analysis of femtosecond continuum generation in sapphire and YAG crystals using a 40fs Ti:Sapphire laser. Beam size, pump pulse energy, beam profile, and a variety of focusing conditions are considered. In addition, an analysis of the thick lens theory required for collimation of the continuum beam has been conducted and experimentally verified. C1 [Pilkington, Sherrie Bowman; Roberson, Stephen D.; Pellegrino, Paul M.] US Army Res Lab, RDRL SEE E, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Pilkington, SB (reprint author), US Army Res Lab, RDRL SEE E, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0065-2 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9824 AR UNSP 98240Z DI 10.1117/12.2223791 PG 8 WC Agricultural Engineering; Optics SC Agriculture; Optics GA BF6PI UT WOS:000383503600028 ER PT S AU Roberson, SD Pilkington, SB Pellegrino, PM AF Roberson, Stephen D. Pilkington, Sherrie Bowman Pellegrino, Paul M. BE Fountain, AW TI Analysis of analytic nonresonant background removal algorithm for MCARS spectra SO CHEMICAL, BIOLOGICAL, RADIOLOGICAL, NUCLEAR, AND EXPLOSIVES (CBRNE) SENSING XVII SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 17th Meeting of the Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, and Explosives (CBRNE) Sensing Conference met as part of the SPIE Defense + Commercial Sensing (DCS) Symposium CY APR 18-20, 2016 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE ID STOKES-RAMAN SCATTERING; PHASE RETRIEVAL; SPECTROSCOPY AB Multiplex Coherent Anti Stokes Raman Spectroscopy (MCARS) has been shown to generate a complete Raman spectrum of a material on a millisecond time scale which allows for rapid identification of a wide variety of molecular targets. Along with the desired resonant spectrum due to the vibrational Raman spectroscopy of the analyte, MCARS is known to simultaneously generate a nonresonant spectrum that can obscure the desired Raman spectrum which hinders detection. Extracting the desired resonant Raman signal analytically from the overall MCARS signal has proven difficult without having prior knowledge of the analyte. We have developed an algorithm that utilizes a combination of the maximum entropy method in conjunction with advanced Fourier filtering to analytically remove the nonresonant background from our MCARS spectra without having prior knowledge of the vibrational spectrum of the analyte. In this report, we will report on the theoretical background for this algorithm as well as our experimental work testing this algorithm under various nonresonant spectra conditions for a number of analytes. We will systematically vary the amount of nonresonant background generated in the sample by changing the temporal overlap of the two beams necessary to generate the MCARS signal. Additionally, we place the analyte into increasing concentrations of water to generate increasing amounts of nonresonant background spectra to test the algorithm's effectiveness. Finally, we compare the analyte vibrational spectral output from the algorithm to the Raman spectrum measured with the spontaneous Raman system in the laboratory of the same sample in an effort to ascertain accuracy of the output spectra. C1 [Roberson, Stephen D.; Pilkington, Sherrie Bowman; Pellegrino, Paul M.] US Army Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Roberson, SD (reprint author), US Army Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 17 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0065-2 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9824 AR UNSP 98240W DI 10.1117/12.2223983 PG 8 WC Agricultural Engineering; Optics SC Agriculture; Optics GA BF6PI UT WOS:000383503600026 ER PT S AU Jungwirth, P La Fratta, P AF Jungwirth, Patrick La Fratta, Patrick BE Ternovskiy, IV Chin, P TI OS Friendly Microprocessor Architecture: Hardware Level Computer Security SO CYBER SENSING 2016 SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Cyber Sensing CY APR 19, 2016 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE Microprocessor; OS; Context Switch; Computer Security; DMA/Controller and Cache Bank Pipeline AB We present an introduction to the patented OS Friendly Microprocessor Architecture (OSFA) and hardware level computer security. Conventional microprocessors have not tried to balance hardware performance and OS performance at the same time. Conventional microprocessors have depended on the Operating System for computer security and information assurance. The goal of the OS Friendly Architecture is to provide a high performance and secure microprocessor and OS system. We are interested in cyber security, information technology (IT), and SCADA control professionals reviewing the hardware level security features. The OS Friendly Architecture is a switched set of cache memory banks in a pipeline configuration. For light-weight threads, the memory pipeline configuration provides near instantaneous context switching times. The pipelining and parallelism provided by the cache memory pipeline provides for background cache read and write operations while the microprocessor's execution pipeline is running instructions. The cache bank selection controllers provide arbitration to prevent the memory pipeline and microprocessor's execution pipeline from accessing the same cache bank at the same time. This separation allows the cache memory pages to transfer to and from level 1 (L1) caching while the microprocessor pipeline is executing instructions. Computer security operations are implemented in hardware. By extending Unix file permissions bits to each cache memory bank and memory address, the OSFA provides hardware level computer security. C1 [Jungwirth, Patrick] US Army, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. [La Fratta, Patrick] Micron Technol Inc, 8000 South Fed Way, Boise, ID 83707 USA. [Jungwirth, Patrick; La Fratta, Patrick] US Army AMRDEC, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. RP Jungwirth, P (reprint author), US Army, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA.; Jungwirth, P (reprint author), US Army AMRDEC, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0067-6 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9826 AR UNSP 982602 DI 10.1117/12.2220777 PG 20 WC Remote Sensing; Optics SC Remote Sensing; Optics GA BF6LD UT WOS:000383239000001 ER PT S AU Harding, TH Rash, CE Lattimore, MR Statz, J Martin, JS AF Harding, Thomas H. Rash, Clarence E. Lattimore, Morris R. Statz, Jonathan Martin, John S. BE SandersReed, J Arthur, JJ TI Perceptual Issues for Color Helmet-Mounted Displays: Luminance and Color Contrast Requirements SO DEGRADED VISUAL ENVIRONMENTS: ENHANCED, SYNTHETIC, AND EXTERNAL VISION SOLUTIONS 2016 SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Degraded Visual Environments - Enhanced, Synthetic, and External Vision Solutions CY APR 19-20, 2016 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE Helmet-mounted display (HMD); head-up display (HUD); color vision; human factors; model; scene complexity; simulation; symbology; natural backgrounds ID READABILITY; TEXT AB Color is one of the latest design characteristics of helmet-mounted displays (HMDs). It's inclusion in design specifications is based on two suppositions: 1) color provides an additional method of encoding information, and 2) color provides a more realistic, and hence more intuitive, presentation of information, especially pilotage imagery. To some degree, these two perceived advantages have been validated with head-down panel-mounted displays, although not without a few problems associated with visual physiology and perception. These problems become more prevalent when the user population expands beyond military aviators to a general user population, of which a significant portion may have color vision deficiencies. When color is implemented in HMDs, which are eyes-out, see-through displays, visual perception issues become an increased concern. A major confound with HMDs is their inherent see-through (transparent) property. The result is color in the displayed image combines with color from the outside (or in-cockpit) world, possibly producing a false perception of either or both images. While human-factors derived guidelines based on trial and error have been developed, color HMD systems still place more emphasis on colorimetric than perceptual standards. This paper identifies the luminance and color contrast requirements for see-through HMDs. Also included is a discussion of ambient scene metrics and the choice of symbology color. C1 [Harding, Thomas H.; Rash, Clarence E.; Lattimore, Morris R.; Statz, Jonathan; Martin, John S.] US Army Aeromed Res Lab, POB 620577, Ft Rucker, AL 36362 USA. [Rash, Clarence E.; Statz, Jonathan] Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, POB 117, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Harding, TH (reprint author), US Army Aeromed Res Lab, POB 620577, Ft Rucker, AL 36362 USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0080-5 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9839 AR 98390E DI 10.1117/12.2223035 PG 10 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics SC Engineering; Optics GA BF6KO UT WOS:000383224100012 ER PT S AU Barrowes, BE Sigman, JB Wang, YL O'Neill, KA Shubitidze, F Simms, JE Bennett, HJ Yule, DE AF Barrowes, Benjamin E. Sigman, John B. Wang, YinLin O'Neill, Kevin A. Shubitidze, Fridon Simms, Janet E. Bennett, Hollis J. Yule, Donald E. BE Bishop, SS Isaacs, JC TI Carbon fiber and void detection using high-frequency electromagnetic induction techniques SO DETECTION AND SENSING OF MINES, EXPLOSIVE OBJECTS, AND OBSCURED TARGETS XXI SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Detection and Sensing of Mines, Explosive Objects, and Obscured Targets XXI CY APR 18-21, 2016 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE Electromagnetic induction; high frequency; EMI; remote sensing; carbon fiber; voids; intermediate electrical conductivity materials; low conductivity materials ID OBJECTS AB Ultrawide band electromagnetic induction (EMI) instruments have been traditionally used to detect high electric conductivity discrete targets such as metal unexploded ordnance. The frequencies used for this EMI regime have typically been less than 100 kHz. To detect intermediate conductivity objects like carbon fiber, even less conductive saturated salts, and even voids embedded in conducting soils, higher frequencies up to the low megahertz range are required in order to capture characteristic responses. To predict EMI phenomena at frequencies up to 15 MHz, we first modeled the response of intermediate conductivity targets using a rigorous, first-principles approach, the Method of Auxiliary Sources. A newly fabricated benchtop high-frequency electromagnetic induction instrument produced EMI data at frequencies up to that same high limit. Modeled and measured characteristic relaxation signatures compare favorably and indicate new sensing possibilities in a variety of scenarios. C1 [Barrowes, Benjamin E.] US Army Engineer Res & Dev Ctr CRREL, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. [Barrowes, Benjamin E.; Sigman, John B.; Wang, YinLin; O'Neill, Kevin A.; Shubitidze, Fridon] Dartmouth Coll, Thayer Sch Engn, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. [Simms, Janet E.; Yule, Donald E.] US Army Engineer Res & Dev Ctr GSL, Vicksburg, MS USA. [Bennett, Hollis J.] US Army Engineer Res & Dev Ctr EL, Vicksburg, MS USA. RP Barrowes, BE (reprint author), US Army Engineer Res & Dev Ctr CRREL, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. EM benjamin.e.barrowes@usace.army.mil NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0064-5 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9823 AR 98230D DI 10.1117/12.2224584 PG 10 WC Optics SC Optics GA BF6KK UT WOS:000383223700010 ER PT S AU Luke, RH AF Luke, Robert H. BE Bishop, SS Isaacs, JC TI 3D Environment Modeling and Location Tracking Using Off-The-Shelf Components SO DETECTION AND SENSING OF MINES, EXPLOSIVE OBJECTS, AND OBSCURED TARGETS XXI SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Detection and Sensing of Mines, Explosive Objects, and Obscured Targets XXI CY APR 18-21, 2016 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE Position Tracking; Environment Modeling; Stereo Vision; Computer Vision; GPS AB The remarkable popularity of smartphones over the past decade has led to a technological race for dominance in market share. This has resulted in a flood of new processors and sensors that are inexpensive, low power and high performance. These sensors include accelerometers, gyroscope, barometers and most importantly cameras. This sensor suite, coupled with multicore processors, allows a new community of researchers to build small, high performance platforms for low cost. This paper describes a system using off-the-shelf components to perform position tracking as well as environment modeling. The system relies on tracking using stereo vision and inertial navigation to determine movement of the system as well as create a model of the environment sensed by the system. C1 [Luke, Robert H.] US Army RDECOM CERDEC NVESD, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. RP Luke, RH (reprint author), US Army RDECOM CERDEC NVESD, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0064-5 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9823 AR 982314 DI 10.1117/12.2225491 PG 8 WC Optics SC Optics GA BF6KK UT WOS:000383223700033 ER PT S AU Shaw, D Stone, K Ho, KC Keller, JM Luke, RH Burns, BP AF Shaw, Darren Stone, Kevin Ho, K. C. Keller, James M. Luke, Robert H., III Burns, Brian P. BE Bishop, SS Isaacs, JC TI Sequential feature selection for detecting buried objects using forward looking ground penetrating radar SO DETECTION AND SENSING OF MINES, EXPLOSIVE OBJECTS, AND OBSCURED TARGETS XXI SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Detection and Sensing of Mines, Explosive Objects, and Obscured Targets XXI CY APR 18-21, 2016 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE Forward-looking explosive hazards detection; ground-penetrating radar; Support Vector Machine; spectral features; log-Gabor; feature selection ID LANDMINE DETECTION AB Forward looking ground penetrating radar (FLGPR) has the benefit of detecting objects at a significant standoff distance. The FLGPR signal is radiated over a large surface area and the radar signal return is often weak. Improving detection, especially for buried in road targets, while maintaining an acceptable false alarm rate remains to be a challenging task. Various kinds of features have been developed over the years to increase the FLGPR detection performance. This paper focuses on investigating the use of as many features as possible for detecting buried targets and uses the sequential feature selection technique to automatically choose the features that contribute most for improving performance. Experimental results using data collected at a government test site are presented. C1 [Shaw, Darren; Stone, Kevin; Ho, K. C.; Keller, James M.] Univ Missouri, ECE Dept, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Luke, Robert H., III; Burns, Brian P.] US Army Night Vis & Elect Sensors Directorate, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. RP Shaw, D (reprint author), Univ Missouri, ECE Dept, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0064-5 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9823 AR 98231L DI 10.1117/12.2224272 PG 13 WC Optics SC Optics GA BF6KK UT WOS:000383223700049 ER PT S AU Shubitidze, F Barrowes, BE Wang, YL Shamatava, I Sigman, JB O'Neill, K AF Shubitidze, F. Barrowes, B. E. Wang, Yinlin Shamatava, Irma Sigman, J. B. O'Neill, K. BE Bishop, SS Isaacs, JC TI Advanced EMI models for survey data processing: Targets detection and classification SO DETECTION AND SENSING OF MINES, EXPLOSIVE OBJECTS, AND OBSCURED TARGETS XXI SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Detection and Sensing of Mines, Explosive Objects, and Obscured Targets XXI CY APR 18-21, 2016 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE Detection; dynamic data sets; UXO; advanced models; discrimination; ONVMS; modeling; Live Site; classification ID DIFFERENTIAL EVOLUTION; UXO DISCRIMINATION AB This paper describes procedures and approaches our team took to demonstrate the capability of advanced electromagnetic induction (EMI) forward and inverse models to perform subsurface metallic objects picking and classification at live-UXO sites from dynamic data sets. Over the past seven years, blind classification tests at live-UXO sites have revealed two main challenges: 1) consistent selection of targets for cued interrogation, (e.g., for the recent SWPG2 study, two independent performers that processed the same MetalMapper dynamic data picked different targets for cued interrogation); and 2) positioning of the cued sensor close enough to the actual cued target to accurately perform classification (particularly when multiple targets or magnetic soils are present). To overcome these problems, in this paper we introduced an innovative and robust approach for subsurface metallic targets picking and classification from dynamic data sets. This approach first inverts for target locations and polarizabilities from each dynamic data point, and then clusters the inverted locations and defines each cluster as a target/source. Finally, the method uses the extracted polarizabilities for classifying UXO from non-UXO items. The studies are done for the 2x2 TEMTADS dynamic data set collected at Camp Hale, CO. The targets picking and classification results are illustrated and validated against ground truth. C1 [Shubitidze, F.; Barrowes, B. E.; Wang, Yinlin; Shamatava, Irma; Sigman, J. B.; O'Neill, K.] Dartmouth Coll, Thayer Sch Engn, HB 8000, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. [Shubitidze, F.; Shamatava, Irma] White River Technol Inc, 3 Schoolhouse Ln, Etna, NH 03750 USA. [Barrowes, B. E.] USA ERDC Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Shubitidze, F (reprint author), Dartmouth Coll, Thayer Sch Engn, HB 8000, Hanover, NH 03755 USA.; Shubitidze, F (reprint author), White River Technol Inc, 3 Schoolhouse Ln, Etna, NH 03750 USA. EM fridon.shubitidze@dartmouth.edu NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0064-5 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9823 AR 98230O DI 10.1117/12.2224420 PG 12 WC Optics SC Optics GA BF6KK UT WOS:000383223700020 ER PT S AU Shubitidze, F Barrowes, BE Wang, YL Shamatava, I Sigman, JB O'Neill, K Steinhurst, DA AF Shubitidze, F. Barrowes, B. E. Wang, Yinlin Shamatava, Irma Sigman, J. B. O'Neill, K. Steinhurst, Daniel A. BE Bishop, SS Isaacs, JC TI A high power EMI sensor for detecting and classifying small and deep targets SO DETECTION AND SENSING OF MINES, EXPLOSIVE OBJECTS, AND OBSCURED TARGETS XXI SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Detection and Sensing of Mines, Explosive Objects, and Obscured Targets XXI CY APR 18-21, 2016 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE High Power; detection; classification; UXO; advanced models; EMI Sensors; ONVMS; modeling; APG test-site; mini-Metal Mapper ID DIFFERENTIAL EVOLUTION; ALGORITHM AB Detecting and classifying small (i.e., with calibers ranging from 20 to 60 mm) and deep targets (burial depth more than 11 times targets diameter) is still a challenging problem using current advanced EMI sensors and signal processing approaches. In order to overcome this problem, the standard time-domain NRL TEMTADS 2x2 electromagnetic induction (EMI) instrument is updated. Namely, the NRL TEMTADS 2x2 system's transmitter electronics is modified to increase transmitter (Tx) currents from 6 Amperes to 14 Amperes. The instrument has a Tx array with four coplanar square coils, together with four tri-axial receivers (Rx) placed at the center of each Tx. Each Rx cube contains three orthogonal coils and thus registers all three vector components of the impinging signals. The Tx coils, with transmitter currents of similar to 14 A, illuminate a buried target, and the target responses are collected with a 500 kHz sample rate after turn off of the excitation pulse. The system operates in both static (cued) and dynamic modes. For cued mode, the raw decay measurements are grouped into 121 logarithmically-spaced " gates" whose center times range from 25 mu s to 24.35 ms with 5% widths. The sensor is placed on a cart which provides a sensor-to-ground offset of 20 cm or less. In this paper, studies for APG Calibration, Blind, and Small Munitions Grids are presented and analyzed. The areas are arranged in grids of test cells and the cell center positions are known. Each target position is flagged with a non-metallic pin flag using cm-level GPS. The sensor is positioned over each target in turn. With the system positioned over the target, each Tx is activated sequentially and during off the Tx current, all four Rx record data. The capabilities of this sensor platform is rigorously investigated for UXO classification at APG blind and small munitions grids. C1 [Shubitidze, F.; Barrowes, B. E.; Wang, Yinlin; Shamatava, Irma; Sigman, J. B.; O'Neill, K.] Dartmouth Coll, Thayer Sch Engn, HB 8000, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. [Shubitidze, F.; Shamatava, Irma] White River Technol Inc, 3 Schoolhouse Ln, Etna, NH 03750 USA. [Barrowes, B. E.] USA ERDC Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. [Steinhurst, Daniel A.] Nova Res Inc, Alexandria, VA 22308 USA. RP Shubitidze, F (reprint author), Dartmouth Coll, Thayer Sch Engn, HB 8000, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. EM fridon.shubitidze@dartmouth.edu NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0064-5 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9823 AR 982308 DI 10.1117/12.2224407 PG 11 WC Optics SC Optics GA BF6KK UT WOS:000383223700006 ER PT S AU Sigman, JB Barrowes, BE Wang, YL Bennett, HJ Simms, JE Yule, DE O'Neill, K Shubitidze, F AF Sigman, John Brevard Barrowes, Benjamin E. Wang, Yinlin Bennett, Hollis J. Simms, Janet E. Yule, Donald E. O'Neill, Kevin Shubitidze, Fridon BE Bishop, SS Isaacs, JC TI Coil design considerations for a high-frequency electromagnetic induction sensing instrument SO DETECTION AND SENSING OF MINES, EXPLOSIVE OBJECTS, AND OBSCURED TARGETS XXI SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Detection and Sensing of Mines, Explosive Objects, and Obscured Targets XXI CY APR 18-21, 2016 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE Unexploded Ordnance; Electromagnetic Induction; High Frequency; Carbon Fiber; Low Conductivity; Induction Sensing AB Intermediate electrical conductivity (IEC) materials (10(1)S/m < sigma < 10(4)S/m), such as carbon fiber (CF), have recently been used to make smart bombs. In addition, homemade improvised explosive devices (TED) can be produced with low conducting materials (10(-)4S/m < sigma < 1S/m), such as Ammonium Nitrate (AN). To collect unexploded ordnance (UXO) from military training ranges and thwart deadly IEDs, the US military has urgent need for technology capable of detection and identification of subsurface IEC objects. Recent analytical and numerical studies have showed that these targets exhibit characteristic quadrature response peaks at high induction frequencies (100kHz - 15MHz, the High Frequency Electromagnetic Induction (HFEMI) band), and they are not detectable with traditional ultra wideband (UWB) electromagnetic induction (EMI) metal detectors operating between 100Hz 100kHz. Using the HFEMI band for induction sensing is not so simple as driving existing instruments at higher frequencies, though. At low frequency, EMI systems use more wire turns in transmit and receive coils to boost signal-to-noise ratios (SNR), but at higher frequencies, the transmitter current has non-uniform distribution along the coil length. These non-uniform currents change the spatial distribution of the primary magnetic field and disturb axial symmetry and thwart established approaches for inferring subsurface metallic object properties. This paper discusses engineering tradeoffs for sensing with a broader band of frequencies ever used for EMI sensing, with particular focus on coil geometries. C1 [Sigman, John Brevard; Wang, Yinlin; O'Neill, Kevin; Shubitidze, Fridon] Dartmouth Coll, Thayer Sch Engn, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. [Barrowes, Benjamin E.] US Army Engineer Res & Engn Ctr, 72 Lyme Rd, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. [Bennett, Hollis J.; Simms, Janet E.; Yule, Donald E.] US Army Engineer Res & Engn Ctr, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Sigman, JB (reprint author), Dartmouth Coll, Thayer Sch Engn, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. EM john.b.sigman.th@dartmouth.edu NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 2 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0064-5 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9823 AR 982302 DI 10.1117/12.2223988 PG 6 WC Optics SC Optics GA BF6KK UT WOS:000383223700001 ER PT S AU Franke, A Hoffmann, P Hernandez-Balderrama, L Kaess, F Bryan, I Washiyama, S Bobea, M Tweedie, J Kirste, R Gerhold, M Collazo, R Sitar, Z AF Franke, A. Hoffmann, P. Hernandez-Balderrama, L. Kaess, F. Bryan, I. Washiyama, S. Bobea, M. Tweedie, J. Kirste, R. Gerhold, M. Collazo, R. Sitar, Z. BE Chyi, JI Fujioka, H Morkoc, H Nanishi, Y Schwarz, UT Shim, JI TI Strain engineered high reflectivity DBRs in the deep UV SO GALLIUM NITRIDE MATERIALS AND DEVICES XI SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Gallium Nitride Materials and Devices XI CY FEB 15-18, 2016 CL San Francisco, CA SP SPIE DE Distributed Bragg Reflector (DBR); strain relaxation; MOCVD; AlGaN; Nitride ID MISFIT DISLOCATIONS; GAN; INTERLAYERS; GENERATION; GROWTH AB The maximum achievable reflectivity of current III-nitride Bragg reflectors in the UV-C spectral range is limited due to plastic relaxation of thick multilayer structures. Cracking due to a large mismatch of the thermal expansion and lattice constants between AlxGa1-xN/AlyGa1-yN alloys of different composition and the substrate at the heterointerface is the common failure mode. Strain engineering and strain relaxation concepts by the growth on a strain reduced Al0.85Ga0.15N template and the implementation of low temperature interlayers is demonstrated. A significant enhancement of the maximum reflectivity above 97% at a resonance wavelength of 270 nm due to an increase of the critical thickness of our AlN/Al0.65Ga0.35N DBRs to 1.45 mu m (25.5 pairs) prove their potential. By comparing the growth of identical Bragg reflectors on different pseudo-templates, the accumulated mismatch strain energy in the DBR, not the dislocation density provided by the template/substrate, was identified to limit the critical thickness. To further enhance the reflectivity low temperature interlays were implemented into the DBR to partially relief the misfit strain. Relaxation is enabled by the nucleation of small surface domains facilitating misfit dislocation injection and glide. Detailed structural and optical investigations will be conducted to prove the influence of the LT-AlN interlayers on the strain state, structural integrity and reflectivity properties. Coherent growth and no structural and optical degradation of the Bragg mirror properties was observed proving the fully applicability of the relaxation concept to fabricate thick high reflectivity DBR and vertical cavity laser structures. C1 [Franke, A.; Hoffmann, P.; Hernandez-Balderrama, L.; Kaess, F.; Bryan, I.; Washiyama, S.; Bobea, M.; Tweedie, J.; Kirste, R.; Collazo, R.; Sitar, Z.] North Carolina State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Tweedie, J.; Kirste, R.] Adroit Mat, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Gerhold, M.] Army Res Off, Engn Sci Directorate, POB 12211, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27703 USA. RP Franke, A (reprint author), North Carolina State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. NR 25 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 8 U2 8 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-62841-983-2 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9748 AR UNSP 97481G DI 10.1117/12.2211700 PG 10 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BF6LF UT WOS:000383241000018 ER PT J AU Zheng, YS Brudnak, MJ Jayakumar, P Stein, JL Ersal, T AF Zheng, Yingshi Brudnak, Mark J. Jayakumar, Paramsothy Stein, Jeffrey L. Ersal, Tulga TI An Experimental Evaluation of a Model-Free Predictor Framework in Teleoperated Vehicles SO IFAC PAPERSONLINE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 13th IFAC Workshop on Time Delay Systems (TDS) CY JUN 22-24, 2016 CL Istanbul Tech Univ, Taskisla Campus, Istanbul, TURKEY SP Int Federat Automat Control Tech Comm 2 2 Linear Control Syst, Int Federat Automat Control Tech Comm 1 2 Adapt & Learning Syst, Int Federat Automat Control Tech Comm 1 5 Networked Syst, Int Federat Automat Control Tech Comm 2 1 Control Design, Int Federat Automat Control Tech Comm 2 3 Non Linear Control Syst, Int Federat Automat Control Tech Comm 2 5 Robust Control, Int Federat Automat Control Tech Comm 2 6 Distributed Parameter Syst, Aselsan, ACROME, AVL, BECKHOFF, Elsevier, Mitsubishi Elect HO Istanbul Tech Univ, Taskisla Campus DE teleoperated vehicle; model-free predictors; human-in-the-loop simulation ID BILATERAL TELEOPERATION; TIME; TRANSPARENCY; STABILITY; SYSTEMS; DELAY AB A teleoperated vehicle is a vehicle means of a communication network. One important that communication delays in the network can negatively distance by with teleoperated vehicles is ely affect the mobility performance of the vehicle. This paper adopts and further develops a model-free predictor framework to compensate for communication delays and improve vehicle mobility, where the term model-free" indicates that the predictor does not need to know the dynamic equations governing the system. This framework has previously been conceived mid applied to the teleoperated vehicle domain; however, prior evaluations have been conducted with simulated drivers and for only the speed control of the vehicle. Tile contribution of this paper is two-fold. First, the framework is further developed to improve the transient response of the predictors by including a saturation and resetting scheme. Second, to evaluate the effectiveness of the predictor framework with human drivers and combined speed and steering control, a human-in-the-loop simulation platform is developed to emulate a driving task in a virtual environment. Using this platform, human,in-the the-loop experiments are performed, where humans are tasked with driving a typical military truck as fast as possible while keeping it as close as possible to the center of the track. Three types of experiments are conducted; (1) without communication delays as a benchmark; (2) with communication delays, but without the predictor framework to quantify the mobility performance degradation due to delays; and (3) With communication delays and the predictor framework to evaluate the change ill mobility performance due to the predictor framework. Three metrics are used to quantify performance; namely, track completion time and track keeping error are used to quantify the speed and lateral control perfomance,, respectively, and the steering control effort is monitored to assess drivability. Five drivers repeated each type of experiment seven times, and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) is used to statistically analyze the results. The conclusion is that the predictor framework improves the mobility performance of the vehicle and increases drivability significantly. (C) 2016, IFAC (International Federation of Automatic Control) Hosting by Elsevier Ltd. All right reserved. C1 [Zheng, Yingshi; Stein, Jeffrey L.; Ersal, Tulga] Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Brudnak, Mark J.; Jayakumar, Paramsothy] US Army, TARDEC, Warren, MI 48397 USA. RP Ersal, T (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. EM zhengys@umich.edu; mark.j.brudnak.civ@mail.mil; paramsothy.jayakumar.civ@mail.mil; stein@umich.edu; tersal@umich.edu NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 2405-8963 J9 IFAC PAPERSONLINE JI IFAC PAPERSONLINE PY 2016 VL 49 IS 10 BP 157 EP 164 DI 10.1016/j.ifacol.2016.07.513 PG 8 GA DW2HM UT WOS:000383463500028 ER PT J AU Hanratty, TP Newcomb, EA Hammell, RJ Richardson, JT Mittrick, MR AF Hanratty, Timothy P. Newcomb, E. Allison Hammell, Robert J., II Richardson, John T. Mittrick, Mark R. TI A Fuzzy-Based Approach to Support Decision Making in Complex Military Environments SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF INTELLIGENT INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES LA English DT Article DE Cyber Intelligence; Fuzzy Associative Memory; Intelligence Analysis; Military Decision Making; Situational Understanding; Value of Information ID AWARENESS; SYSTEMS AB Data for military intelligence operations are increasing at astronomical rates. As a result, significant cognitive and temporal resources are required to determine which information is relevant to a particular situation. Soft computing techniques, such as fuzzy logic, have recently been applied toward decision support systems to support military intelligence analysts in selecting relevant and reliable data within the military decision making process. This article examines the development of one such system and its evaluation using a constructive simulation and human performance model to provided critical understanding of how this conceptual information system might interact with personnel, organizational, and system architectures. In addition, similarities between military intelligence analysts and cyber intelligence analysts are detailed along with a plan for transitioning the current fuzzy-based system to the cyber security domain. C1 [Hanratty, Timothy P.; Richardson, John T.; Mittrick, Mark R.] US Army Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. [Newcomb, E. Allison; Hammell, Robert J., II] Towson Univ, Towson, MD USA. RP Hanratty, TP (reprint author), US Army Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. NR 37 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 1 PU IGI PUBL PI HERSHEY PA 701 E CHOCOLATE AVE, STE 200, HERSHEY, PA 17033-1240 USA SN 1548-3657 EI 1548-3665 J9 INT J INTELL INF TEC JI Int. J. Intell. Inf. Technol. PD JAN-MAR PY 2016 VL 12 IS 1 BP 1 EP 30 DI 10.4018/IJIIT.2016010101 PG 30 WC Computer Science, Information Systems SC Computer Science GA DW6KF UT WOS:000383759000002 ER PT J AU Daly, CM Carr, NR Raj, T Maranich, AM AF Daly, Christopher M. Carr, Nicholas R. Raj, Thomas Maranich, Ashley M. TI Neonatal Sepsis and Coagulopathy Secondary to Congenital Transmission of Proteus mirabilis SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NEONATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Chorioamnionitis; congenital infection; Gram-negative sepsis; Proteus mirabilis ID CEREBRAL ABSCESS; MENINGITIS AB Proteus mirabilis infection is rare in neonates. In this population, the majority of described infections involve the central nervous system (CNS). We describe an unusual case of congenitally acquired P. mirabilis infection in a neonate presenting as sepsis, pancytopenia, and coagulopathy. Providers should consider this organism as a cause of severe illness in the newborn period, even in the absence of CNS involvement. C1 [Daly, Christopher M.; Carr, Nicholas R.; Maranich, Ashley M.] Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. [Raj, Thomas] Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Daly, CM (reprint author), Dept Pediat, 3551 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM christopher.m.daly6.mil@mail.mil NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MEDKNOW PUBLICATIONS & MEDIA PVT LTD PI MUMBAI PA B-9, KANARA BUSINESS CENTRE, OFF LINK RD, GHAKTOPAR-E, MUMBAI, 400075, INDIA SN 2249-4847 EI 1658-6093 J9 J CLIN NEONATOL JI J. Clin. Neonatol. PD JAN-MAR PY 2016 VL 5 IS 1 BP 64 EP 66 DI 10.4103/2249-4847.165703 PG 3 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA DW7NL UT WOS:000383837700013 ER PT S AU Fales, A Crawford, BM Norton, SJ DeLacy, BG Tuan, VD AF Fales, Andrew Crawford, Bridget M. Norton, Stephen J. DeLacy, Brendan G. Tuan Vo-Dinh BE VoDinh, T Lakowicz, JR Ho, HPA Ray, K TI Plasmonic Fano resonance sensing system using gold nanoparticles and J-aggregates SO PLASMONICS IN BIOLOGY AND MEDICINE XIII SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Plasmonics in Biology and Medicine XIII CY FEB 15-16, 2016 CL San Francisco, CA SP SPIE DE Fano resonance; J-aggregate; plexciton ID METAL NANOPARTICLES; QUANTUM-DOT; AU AB Demonstrated herein is a simple method for the induction of J-aggregate formation in a colloidal solution of gold nanoparticles through the use of pseudoisocyanine (PIC) and polyvinyl sulfate. The plasmon-exciton coupling of the nanoparticle J-aggregate complex results in a split lineshape absorption spectrum with upper and lower plexcitonic branches. The use of nanoparticles with various plasmon resonances causes a shift in the upper plexcitonic band while the lower plexcitonic band remains at the same wavelength. C1 [Fales, Andrew; Crawford, Bridget M.; Norton, Stephen J.; Tuan Vo-Dinh] Duke Univ, Dept Biomed Engn, Durham, NC 27708 USA. [Fales, Andrew; Crawford, Bridget M.; Norton, Stephen J.; Tuan Vo-Dinh] Duke Univ, Fitzpatrick Inst Photon, Durham, NC 27708 USA. [Tuan Vo-Dinh] Duke Univ, Dept Chem, Durham, NC 27708 USA. [DeLacy, Brendan G.] US Army, Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Tuan, VD (reprint author), Duke Univ, Dept Biomed Engn, Durham, NC 27708 USA.; Tuan, VD (reprint author), Duke Univ, Fitzpatrick Inst Photon, Durham, NC 27708 USA.; Tuan, VD (reprint author), Duke Univ, Dept Chem, Durham, NC 27708 USA. EM tuan.vodinh@duke.edu NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-62841-958-0 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9724 AR 97240O DI 10.1117/12.2222122 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Chemistry; Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BF6UQ UT WOS:000383735700013 ER PT S AU Yao, SC Hu, SH Li, S Zhao, YR Su, L Kaplan, L Yener, A Abdelzaher, T AF Yao, Shuochao Hu, Shaohan Li, Shen Zhao, Yiran Su, Lu Kaplan, Lance Yener, Aylin Abdelzaher, Tarek GP IEEE TI On Source Dependency Models for Reliable Social Sensing: Algorithms and Fundamental Error Bounds SO PROCEEDINGS 2016 IEEE 36TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON DISTRIBUTED COMPUTING SYSTEMS ICDCS 2016 SE IEEE International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE 36th International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems (ICDCS) CY JUN 27-30, 2016 CL Nara, JAPAN SP IEEE, IEEE Comp Soc, Natl Inst information & Commun Technol, IEICE Commun Soc DE Social Sensing; Error Bound; Source Dependency; EM AB This paper develops a simplified dependency model for sources on social networks that is shown to improve the quality of fact-finding - assessing veracity of observations shared on social media. Recent literature developed a mathematical approach for exploiting social networks, such as Twitter, as noisy sensor networks that report observations on the state of the physical world. It was shown that the quality of state estimation from such noisy data, known as fact-finding, was a function of assumptions made regarding the independence of sources or lack thereof. When sources propagate information they hear from others (without verification), correlated errors may arise that degrade fact-finding performance. This work advances the state of the art by developing a simplified model of dependencies between sources and designing an improved dependency-aware estimator to assess veracity of observations, taking into account the observed dependency structure. A fundamental error bound is derived for this estimator to understand the gap in its performance from optimal. It is shown that the new estimator outperforms state of the art fact-finders and, in some cases, yields an accuracy close to the fundamental error bound. C1 [Yao, Shuochao; Hu, Shaohan; Li, Shen; Zhao, Yiran; Abdelzaher, Tarek] Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Yener, Aylin] Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Su, Lu] SUNY Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. [Kaplan, Lance] Army Res Labs, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Yao, SC (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1063-6927 BN 978-1-5090-1482-8 J9 INT CON DISTR COMP S PY 2016 BP 467 EP 476 DI 10.1109/ICDCS.2016.75 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BF6KS UT WOS:000383224500048 ER PT S AU Ma, L Srivatsa, M Cansever, D Yan, XF Kase, S Vanni, M AF Ma, Liang Srivatsa, Mudhakar Cansever, Derya Yan, Xifeng Kase, Sue Vanni, Michelle GP IEEE TI On the Efficiency of Decentralized Search in Expert Networks SO PROCEEDINGS 2016 IEEE 36TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON DISTRIBUTED COMPUTING SYSTEMS ICDCS 2016 SE IEEE International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE 36th International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems (ICDCS) CY JUN 27-30, 2016 CL Nara, JAPAN SP IEEE, IEEE Comp Soc, Natl Inst information & Commun Technol, IEICE Commun Soc AB Expert networks are formed by a group of expert-professionals with different specialties to collaboratively resolve specific queries posted to the network. In expert networks, decentralized search, operating purely on each expert's local information without any knowledge of network global structure, represents the most basic and scalable routing mechanism. However, there is still a lack of fundamental understanding of the efficiency of decentralized search. In this regard, we investigate decentralized search by quantifying its performance under a variety of network settings. Our key findings reveal that under certain network conditions, decentralized search can achieve significantly small query routing steps (i.e., between O(log n) and O(log(2) n), n: total number of experts in the network). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work studying fundamental behaviors of decentralized search in expert networks. C1 [Ma, Liang; Srivatsa, Mudhakar] IBM TJ Watson Res Ctr, Yorktown Hts, NY 10598 USA. [Cansever, Derya] Army CERDEC, Aberdeen, MD USA. [Yan, Xifeng] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. [Kase, Sue; Vanni, Michelle] Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD USA. RP Ma, L (reprint author), IBM TJ Watson Res Ctr, Yorktown Hts, NY 10598 USA. EM maliang@us.ibm.com; msrivats@us.ibm.com; derya.h.cansever.civ@mail.mil; xyan@cs.ucsb.edu; sue.e.kase.civ@mail.mil; michelle.t.vanni.civ@mail.mil NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1063-6927 BN 978-1-5090-1482-8 J9 INT CON DISTR COMP S PY 2016 BP 733 EP 734 DI 10.1109/ICDCS.2016.22 PG 2 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BF6KS UT WOS:000383224500079 ER PT J AU Mitropoulos, AN Marelli, B Perotto, G Amsden, J Kaplan, DL Omenetto, FG AF Mitropoulos, Alexander N. Marelli, Benedetto Perotto, Giovanni Amsden, Jason Kaplan, David L. Omenetto, Fiorenzo G. TI Towards the fabrication of biohybrid silk fibroin materials: entrapment and preservation of chloroplast organelles in silk fibroin films SO RSC ADVANCES LA English DT Article ID STABILIZATION; IMMOBILIZATION; POLYMERS; SILICA; TISSUE; ENERGY; GEL AB Chloroplasts extracted from spinach leaves were entrapped in B. mori silk fibroin films to investigate themaintenance of their photosynthetic activity in a dry environment. Chloroplast stability was studied under various storage conditions (different temperature and light cycles) using electron microscopy, spectroscopic analysis and measuring of their photosynthetic activity (i.e. oxygen production). When compared to other environments previously investigated, silk fibroin films enhanced the preservation of the chloroplasts' photosynthetic activity. C1 [Mitropoulos, Alexander N.; Marelli, Benedetto; Perotto, Giovanni; Amsden, Jason; Kaplan, David L.; Omenetto, Fiorenzo G.] Tufts Univ, Dept, Biomed Engn, 4 Colby St, Medford, MA 02155 USA. [Omenetto, Fiorenzo G.] Tufts Univ, Dept Phys, 4 Colby St, Medford, MA 02155 USA. [Mitropoulos, Alexander N.] US Mil Acad, 606 Thayer Rd, West Point, NY 10996 USA. [Marelli, Benedetto] MIT, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Perotto, Giovanni] Ist Italiano Tecnol, Nanophys Dept, Via Morego 30, I-16163 Genoa, Italy. [Amsden, Jason] Duke Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, 101 Sci Dr, Durham, NC USA. RP Omenetto, FG (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Dept, Biomed Engn, 4 Colby St, Medford, MA 02155 USA. EM fiorenzo.omenetto@tufts.edu OI Marelli, Benedetto/0000-0001-5311-6961 FU Office of Naval Research [N00014-13-1-0596]; Department of Defense (DoD) through National Defense Science & Engineering Graduate Fellowship (NDSEG) Program FX The authors would like to acknowledge funding from the Office of Naval Research (N00014-13-1-0596). ANM acknowledges the Department of Defense (DoD) through the National Defense Science & Engineering Graduate Fellowship (NDSEG) Program. NR 31 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 2046-2069 J9 RSC ADV JI RSC Adv. PY 2016 VL 6 IS 76 BP 72366 EP 72370 DI 10.1039/c6ra13228f PG 5 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA DT5HO UT WOS:000381513300067 ER PT S AU Cole, B McIntosh, C Hays, A Dilazaro, T Goldberg, L AF Cole, Brian McIntosh, Chris Hays, Alan Dilazaro, Tom Goldberg, Lew BE Clarkson, WA Shori, RK TI UV by the fourth harmonic generation of compact side-pumped Yb:YAG laser emission SO SOLID STATE LASERS XXV: TECHNOLOGY AND DEVICES SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Solid State Lasers XXV - Technology and Devices CY FEB 15-18, 2016 CL San Francisco, CA SP SPIE DE Solid-state lasers; Yb:YAG; side-pumping; fourth harmonic generation ID NM; EXPLOSIVES AB We present a compact, side pumped passively Q-switched Yb:YAG laser that was operated in a burst mode with pump durations of 2-4 ms at low duty cycles. Intra-pump pulse Q-switched pulse repetition frequencies varied from 5-20 kHz depending on the transmission of the Cr:YAG saturable absorber, which was varied from 70% to 94%. Pump duration, pulse repetition frequency and output coupler reflectivity were optimized to yield maximum Yb: YAG laser average power and laser efficiency, while providing sufficient peak intensity, typically 0.3-1 MW, to enable efficient fourth harmonic generation (FHG). Pulse energies and durations were in ranges of 0.3-1.8 mJ and 1.5-7ns, respectively, dependent on the unbleached transmission of the Cr: YAG saturable absorber. We achieved an optical efficiency of greater than 15% for the Yb: YAG laser. Extra-cavity 515 nm second harmonic generation (SHG) was achieved using a 5mm long KTP crystal. The 515 nm light was then frequency doubled by focusing it into a 7mm long BBO crystal, resulting in a 15% conversion efficiency from 1030nm to 257.5 nm, with an average UV power greater than 100 mW. C1 [Cole, Brian; McIntosh, Chris; Hays, Alan; Dilazaro, Tom; Goldberg, Lew] US Army, Night Vis & Elect Sensors Directorate, RDECOM CERDEC, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. RP Cole, B (reprint author), US Army, Night Vis & Elect Sensors Directorate, RDECOM CERDEC, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. EM info@nvl.army.mil NR 15 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-62841-961-0 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9726 AR 972623 DI 10.1117/12.2213452 PG 10 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BF6XP UT WOS:000383765300054 ER PT S AU Cole, B Hough, N Hays, A Nettleton, J Goldberg, L AF Cole, Brian Hough, Nathaniel Hays, Alan Nettleton, John Goldberg, Lew BE Clarkson, WA Shori, RK TI Er/Yb glass laser with compact mechanical Q-switch SO SOLID STATE LASERS XXV: TECHNOLOGY AND DEVICES SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Solid State Lasers XXV - Technology and Devices CY FEB 15-18, 2016 CL San Francisco, CA SP SPIE DE Solid-state lasers; Er/Yb glass laser; mechanical Q-switch AB We describe a compact, side-pumped, Er/Yb glass laser with a low cost mechanical Q-switch. The Q-switch uses a mirror or reflecting prism mounted on a cantilever resonant spring that is driven by a small electromagnetic coil. The demonstrated laser used a 5 mm long Er/Yb glass gain element, and was side-pumped by a 940 nm, 5 mm wide diode bar generating up to 100 W peak power. Target energies of 3mJ have been realized in a near-diffraction limited mode, with pulse widths of 15-25ns, and an optical-to-optical efficiency of greater than 2%. The mechanical Q-switch assembly was fully athermalized via mounting a displacing porro reflector to the cantilever spring, where a 2.5mJ laser was observed to operate with less than 5% variance over -35 degrees C to +60 degrees C. C1 [Cole, Brian; Hough, Nathaniel; Hays, Alan; Nettleton, John; Goldberg, Lew] US Army, Night Vis & Elect Sensors Directorate, RDECOM CERDEC, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. RP Cole, B (reprint author), US Army, Night Vis & Elect Sensors Directorate, RDECOM CERDEC, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. EM info@nvl.army.mil NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-62841-961-0 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9726 AR 972605 DI 10.1117/12.2213291 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BF6XP UT WOS:000383765300004 ER PT S AU Bednarz, D Muench, P AF Bednarz, Dave Muench, Paul BE Karlsen, RE Gage, DW Shoemaker, CM Gerhart, GR TI Mobility versus terrain: a game theoretic approach SO UNMANNED SYSTEMS TECHNOLOGY XVIII SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Unmanned Systems Technology XVIII CY APR 20-21, 2016 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE AB Mobility and terrain are two sides of the same coin. You cannot describe mobility unless you describe the terrain. For example, if my world is trench warfare, the tank may be the ideal vehicle. If my world is urban warfare, clearing buildings and such, the tank may not be an ideal vehicle, perhaps an anthropomorphic robot would be better. We seek a general framework for mobility that captures the relative value of different mobility strategies. Game theory is positively the right way to analyze the interactions of rational players who behave strategically. In this paper, we will describe the interactions between a mobility player, who is trying to make it from point A to point B with one chance to refuel, and a terrain player who is trying to minimize that probability by placing an obstacle somewhere along the path from A to B. In previous work [1], we used Monte Carlo methods to analyze this mobility game, and found optimal strategies for a discretized version of the game. Here we show the relationship of this game to a classic game of timing [2], and use solution methods from that literature to solve for optimal strategies in a continuous version of this mobility game. C1 [Bednarz, Dave; Muench, Paul] US Army TARDEC, 6501 E 11 Mile Rd, Warren, MI 48397 USA. RP Bednarz, D (reprint author), US Army TARDEC, 6501 E 11 Mile Rd, Warren, MI 48397 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0078-2 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9837 AR 983705 DI 10.1117/12.2225092 PG 13 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics SC Engineering; Optics GA BF6KQ UT WOS:000383224300005 ER PT S AU Chang, K Rammos, P Wilkerson, SA Bundy, M Gadsden, SA AF Chang, K. Rammos, P. Wilkerson, S. A. Bundy, M. Gadsden, S. Andrew BE Karlsen, RE Gage, DW Shoemaker, CM Gerhart, GR TI LiPo Battery Energy Studies for Improved Flight Performance of Unmanned Aerial Systems SO UNMANNED SYSTEMS TECHNOLOGY XVIII SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Unmanned Systems Technology XVIII CY APR 20-21, 2016 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE Battery energy management; flight performance; modeling; unmanned aerial system AB Energy storage is one of the most important determinants of how long and far a small electric powered unmanned aerial system (UAS) can fly. For years, most hobby and experimentalists used heavy fuels to power small drone-like systems. Electric motors and battery storage prior to the turn of the century were either too heavy or too inefficient for flight times of any usable duration. However, with the availability of brushless electric motors and lithium-based batteries everything has changed. Systems like the Dragon Eye, Pointer, and Raven are in service performing reconnaissance, intelligence, surveillance, and target acquisition (RISTA) for more than an hour at a time. More recently, multi-rotor vehicles have expanded small UAS capabilities to include activities with hovering and persistent surveillance. Moreover, these systems coupled with the surge of small, low-cost electronics can perform autonomous and semi-autonomous missions not possible just ten years ago. This paper addresses flight time limitation issues by proposing an experimental method with procedures for system identification that may lead to modeling of energy storage in electric UAS'. Consequently, this will allow for energy storage to be used more effectively in planning autonomous missions. To achieve this, a set of baseline experiments were designed to measure the energy consumption of a mid-size UAS multi-rotor. Several different flight maneuvers were considered to include different lateral velocities, climbing, and hovering. Therefore, the goal of this paper is to create baseline flight data for each maneuver to be characterized with a certain rate of energy usage. Experimental results demonstrate the feasibility and robustness of the proposed approach. Future work will include the development of mission planning algorithms that provide realistic estimates of possible mission flight times and distances given specific mission parameters. C1 [Chang, K.; Rammos, P.; Gadsden, S. Andrew] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. [Wilkerson, S. A.; Bundy, M.] US Army Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21001 USA. RP Chang, K (reprint author), Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0078-2 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9837 AR UNSP 98370W DI 10.1117/12.2223352 PG 10 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics SC Engineering; Optics GA BF6KQ UT WOS:000383224300030 ER PT S AU Fields, M Brewer, R Edge, HL Pusey, JL Weller, E Patel, DG DiBerardino, CA AF Fields, MaryAnne Brewer, Ralph Edge, Harris L. Pusey, Jason L. Weller, Ed Patel, Dilip G. DiBerardino, Charles A. BE Karlsen, RE Gage, DW Shoemaker, CM Gerhart, GR TI Simulation tools for robotics research and assessment SO UNMANNED SYSTEMS TECHNOLOGY XVIII SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Unmanned Systems Technology XVIII CY APR 20-21, 2016 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE RCTA; robotics; simulation; dynamic systems; sensor models AB The Robotics Collaborative Technology Alliance (RCTA) program focuses on four overlapping technology areas: Perception, Intelligence, Human-Robot Interaction (HRI), and Dexterous Manipulation and Unique Mobility (DMUM). In addition, the RCTA program has a requirement to assess progress of this research in standalone as well as integrated form. Since the research is evolving and the robotic platforms with unique mobility and dexterous manipulation are in the early development stage and very expensive, an alternate approach is needed for efficient assessment. Simulation of robotic systems, platforms, sensors, and algorithms, is an attractive alternative to expensive field-based testing. Simulation can provide insight during development and debugging unavailable by many other means. This paper explores the maturity of robotic simulation systems for applications to real-world problems in robotic systems research. Open source (such as Gazebo and Moby), commercial (Simulink, Actin, LMS), government (ANVEL/VANE), and the RCTA-developed RIVET simulation environments are examined with respect to their application in the robotic research domains of Perception, Intelligence, HRI, and DMUM. Tradeoffs for applications to representative problems from each domain are presented, along with known deficiencies and disadvantages. In particular, no single robotic simulation environment adequately covers the needs of the robotic researcher in all of the domains. Simulation for DMUM poses unique constraints on the development of physics-based computational models of the robot, the environment and objects within the environment, and the interactions between them. Most current robot simulations focus on quasi-static systems, but dynamic robotic motion places an increased emphasis on the accuracy of the computational models. In order to understand the interaction of dynamic multi-body systems, such as limbed robots, with the environment, it may be necessary to build component-level computational models to provide the necessary simulation fidelity for accuracy. However, the Perception domain remains the most problematic for adequate simulation performance due to the often cartoon nature of computer rendering and the inability to model realistic electromagnetic radiation effects, such as multiple reflections, in real-time. C1 [Fields, MaryAnne; Brewer, Ralph; Edge, Harris L.; Pusey, Jason L.] US Army Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. [Weller, Ed; Patel, Dilip G.; DiBerardino, Charles A.] Gen Dynam Land Syst, 1231 Tech Court, Westminster, MD 21157 USA. RP Fields, M (reprint author), US Army Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0078-2 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9837 AR 98370J DI 10.1117/12.2231107 PG 16 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics SC Engineering; Optics GA BF6KQ UT WOS:000383224300017 ER PT S AU Hanlon, D Lee, A Wilkerson, SA Al-Shabi, M Gadsden, SA AF Hanlon, David Lee, Andrew Wilkerson, Stephen A. Al-Shabi, Mohammad Gadsden, S. Andrew BE Karlsen, RE Gage, DW Shoemaker, CM Gerhart, GR TI Implementing a Dynamometer System on Electric Motors for Unmanned Systems SO UNMANNED SYSTEMS TECHNOLOGY XVIII SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Unmanned Systems Technology XVIII CY APR 20-21, 2016 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE Electric motor; unmanned systems; dynamometer AB Electric motors are becoming increasingly popular for the propulsion and control of unmanned systems. In order to optimize power generation and energy use for unmanned systems, it is important to understand the dynamics of electric motors and the corresponding powertrain. This paper provides an early, preliminary study on an electric motor used for unmanned aerial systems (UAS'). An electric motor dynamometer is used for collecting data on the motor, and trends are discussed. Future work will look at implementing mathematical models in an unmanned ground system built for experimentation. C1 [Hanlon, David; Lee, Andrew; Gadsden, S. Andrew] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. [Wilkerson, Stephen A.] US Army Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21001 USA. [Al-Shabi, Mohammad] Univ Sharjah, Sharjah 27272, U Arab Emirates. RP Hanlon, D (reprint author), Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0078-2 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9837 AR 98370X DI 10.1117/12.2224197 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics SC Engineering; Optics GA BF6KQ UT WOS:000383224300031 ER PT S AU Karlsen, RE Mikulski, DG AF Karlsen, Robert E. Mikulski, Dariusz G. BE Karlsen, RE Gage, DW Shoemaker, CM Gerhart, GR TI Incremental learning in trust-based vehicle control SO UNMANNED SYSTEMS TECHNOLOGY XVIII SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Unmanned Systems Technology XVIII CY APR 20-21, 2016 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE Computational Trust; Incremental Learning; Autonomous Convoy; Obstacle Avoidance AB In many multi-agent teams, entities fully trust their teammates and the information that they provide. But we know that this can be a false assumption in many cases, which can lead to sub-optimal performance of the team. In this paper, we build off of prior work in developing a simple model for estimating and responding to different levels of trust between team members. We have chosen to use a vehicle convoy application to generate data and test the operation of the trust estimation algorithm and its evolution. We build on prior work, where a cruise control algorithm to maintain following distance was implemented, as were algorithms to adjust follow distance based on trust in the leader and the capability for a lead vehicle to "look back" and adjust its speed based on the follow distance of the vehicle behind. In this paper we introduce a mechanism, based on an incrementally learned trust value, which negotiates between two follow behaviors, either follow the vehicle ahead or drive towards a set of fixed waypoints. We also add a nonlinear relationship between trust and follow distance to provide a knob to adjust convoy performance and the paper shows that, as expected, it does affect performance. C1 [Karlsen, Robert E.; Mikulski, Dariusz G.] US Army RDECOM TARDEC, Ground Vehicle Robot, Warren, MI USA. RP Karlsen, RE (reprint author), US Army RDECOM TARDEC, Ground Vehicle Robot, Warren, MI USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0078-2 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9837 AR 983704 DI 10.1117/12.2223168 PG 11 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics SC Engineering; Optics GA BF6KQ UT WOS:000383224300004 ER PT S AU Kim, J Wilkerson, SA Gadsden, SA AF Kim, Jinho Wilkerson, Stephen A. Gadsden, S. Andrew BE Karlsen, RE Gage, DW Shoemaker, CM Gerhart, GR TI Comparison of Gradient Methods for Gain Tuning of a PD Controller Applied on a Quadrotor System SO UNMANNED SYSTEMS TECHNOLOGY XVIII SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Unmanned Systems Technology XVIII CY APR 20-21, 2016 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE Optimization; Gain Tuning; Gradient Method; PI Control; Quadrotor AB Many mechanical and electrical systems have utilized the proportional-integral-derivative (PID) control strategy. The concept of PID control is a classical approach but it is easy to implement and yields a very good tracking performance. Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are currently experiencing a significant growth in popularity. Due to the advantages of PID controllers, UAVs are implementing PID controllers for improved stability and performance. An important consideration for the system is the selection of PID gain values in order to achieve a safe flight and successful mission. There are a number of different algorithms that can be used for real-time tuning of gains. This paper presents two algorithms for gain tuning, and are based on the method of steepest descent and Newton's minimization of an objective function. This paper compares the results of applying these two gain tuning algorithms in conjunction with a PD controller on a quadrotor system. C1 [Kim, Jinho; Gadsden, S. Andrew] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, 1000 Hilltop Ct, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. [Wilkerson, Stephen A.] US Army Res Lab, Aberdeen, MD 21001 USA. RP Kim, J (reprint author), Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, 1000 Hilltop Ct, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. EM umbcjhkim@umbc.edu; stephen.a.wilkerson.civ@mail.mil; gadsden@umbc.edu NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0078-2 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9837 AR 98370V DI 10.1117/12.2223329 PG 10 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics SC Engineering; Optics GA BF6KQ UT WOS:000383224300029 ER PT J AU Edwards, J Cassidy, T de Mel, G La Porta, TF AF Edwards, James Cassidy, Taylor de Mel, Geeth La Porta, Thomas F. GP IEEE TI Integrating Quality of Information with Pragmatic Assistance SO 2016 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON PERVASIVE COMPUTING AND COMMUNICATION WORKSHOPS (PERCOM WORKSHOPS) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Conference on Pervasive Computing and Communication Workshops (PerCom Workshops) CY MAR 14-19, 2016 CL Sydney, AUSTRALIA SP IEEE, IEEE Comp Soc, Univ Texas Arlington, Natl Sci Fdn, Data61 CISRO Australia, Rochester Inst Technol, Univ Queensland, Elseviers Pervas & Mobile Comp Journal ID QUERIES AB In this work, we propose a framework for resolving ambiguity in user-generated natural language queries. We use pragmatics to formalize the refinement of an incoming query into possible interpretations which we call a response graph. Each of the possible interpretations are assigned likelihoods of being correct by the pragmatics framework, as well as Quality of Information (QoI) scores that quantify how useful we expect the response to be. We discuss two schemes for traversing the response graph and determining the querent's intended meaning, an up-front one-shot algorithm ("static") and an iterative runtime algorithm ("dynamic"). We analyze the performance of these two schemes by presenting data from simulated conversations between a querent and system using randomly generated response graphs. We show that both schemes are able to achieve a significant reduction in the cost to retrieve the desired information, allowing such a system to make more intelligent decisions about how to handle and respond to natural language queries. C1 [Edwards, James; La Porta, Thomas F.] Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Cassidy, Taylor] US Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD USA. [de Mel, Geeth] IBM TJ Watson Res Ctr, Yorktown Hts, NY USA. RP Edwards, J (reprint author), Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-5090-1941-0 PY 2016 PG 7 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BF4ZD UT WOS:000381790800080 ER PT J AU Labib, M Marojevic, V Reed, JH Zaghloul, AI AF Labib, Mina Marojevic, Vuk Reed, Jeffrey H. Zaghloul, Amir I. GP IEEE TI How to Enhance the Immunity of LTE Systems against RF Spoofing SO 2016 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMPUTING, NETWORKING AND COMMUNICATIONS (ICNC) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Computing, Networking and Communications (ICNC) CY FEB 15-18, 2016 CL Kauai, HI SP IEEE, IEEE Comp Soc DE LTE; LTE-A; network vulnerability; LTE security; LTE control channels spoofing; jamming ID NETWORKS AB Long Term Evolution (LTE) networks offer highspeed wireless access to meet the increasing demand in user traffic. LTE technology is also considered for mission-critical networks. Hence, it is critical to ensure that the LTE system performs effectively even in harsh signaling environments. This paper analyzes the effect of different levels of radio frequency (RF) spoofing applied to LTE. The simplest form of spoofing is LTE synchronization signal spoofing, where standard-compliant primary and secondary synchronization sequences are transmitted by a fake cell. More sophisticated RF spoofing attacks include transmitting some of the LTE control messages, without the ability to exchange the authentication keys. The experimental results show that LTE control channel spoofing can cause permanent denial of service for user equipment during the cell selection process. We provide the technical explanation for this using the LTE specifications. Mitigation techniques are proposed to effectively enhance the immunity of LTE systems against targeted interference and ensure that it is secure and available when and where needed. C1 [Labib, Mina; Marojevic, Vuk; Reed, Jeffrey H.; Zaghloul, Amir I.] Virginia Tech, Wireless VT, Bradley Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Zaghloul, Amir I.] US Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD USA. RP Labib, M (reprint author), Virginia Tech, Wireless VT, Bradley Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. EM mlabib@vt.edu; maroje@vt.edu; reedjh@vt.edu; amirz@vt.edu NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4673-8579-4 PY 2016 PG 5 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Engineering; Telecommunications GA BF5KF UT WOS:000382143300106 ER PT B AU Champagne, VK Champagne, VK Dzhurinskiy, D Strumban, E AF Champagne, Victor K., Jr. Champagne, Victor K., III Dzhurinskiy, Dmitry Strumban, Emil BA Maev, RG Leshchynsky, V BF Maev, RG Leshchynsky, V TI Application of Cold Spray SO COLD GAS DYNAMIC SPRAY LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Champagne, Victor K., Jr.] US Army Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 20783 USA. [Champagne, Victor K., III] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Mech Engn, Amherst, MA 01003 USA. [Dzhurinskiy, Dmitry; Strumban, Emil] Univ Windsor, Inst Diagnost Imaging Res, Windsor, ON, Canada. RP Champagne, VK (reprint author), US Army Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 20783 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4665-8443-3; 978-1-4665-8442-6 PY 2016 BP 249 EP 297 D2 10.1201/b19486 PG 49 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Engineering; Physics GA BF5SJ UT WOS:000382576600007 ER PT B AU Helfritch, D AF Helfritch, Dennis BA Maev, RG Leshchynsky, V BF Maev, RG Leshchynsky, V TI Economic Analysis of Cold Spray SO COLD GAS DYNAMIC SPRAY LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Helfritch, Dennis] TKC Global LLC, Herndon, VA 20171 USA. [Helfritch, Dennis] US Army Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 20783 USA. RP Helfritch, D (reprint author), TKC Global LLC, Herndon, VA 20171 USA.; Helfritch, D (reprint author), US Army Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 20783 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4665-8443-3; 978-1-4665-8442-6 PY 2016 BP 299 EP 309 D2 10.1201/b19486 PG 11 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Engineering; Physics GA BF5SJ UT WOS:000382576600008 ER PT J AU Ehrenberg, P Geretz, A Sindhu, RK Thomas, R AF Ehrenberg, Philip Geretz, Aviva Sindhu, Ravi Kumar Thomas, Rasmi TI GENOTYPING OF SIX CLASSICAL HLA LOCI USING NEXT GENERATION SEQUENCING SO HUMAN IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 42nd Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Histocompatibility-and-Immunogenetics CY SEP 26-30, 2016 CL St Louis, MO SP Amer Soc Histocompatibil & Immunogenet C1 [Ehrenberg, Philip; Geretz, Aviva; Sindhu, Ravi Kumar; Thomas, Rasmi] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, US Mil HIV Res Program, Silver Spring, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0198-8859 EI 1879-1166 J9 HUM IMMUNOL JI Hum. Immunol. PY 2016 VL 77 SU 1 MA P037 BP 67 EP 67 PG 1 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA DW0EK UT WOS:000383313500091 ER PT S AU Leshin, J Li, M Beadsworth, J Yang, X Zhang, Y Tucker, F Eifert, L Deppe, DG AF Leshin, J. Li, M. Beadsworth, J. Yang, X. Zhang, Y. Tucker, F. Eifert, L. Deppe, D. G. BE Dhar, NK Dutta, AK TI Lithographic VCSEL Array Multimode and Single Mode Sources for Sensing and 3D Imaging SO IMAGE SENSING TECHNOLOGIES: MATERIALS, DEVICES, SYSTEMS, AND APPLICATIONS III SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Image Sensing Technologies - Materials, Devices, Systems, and Applications III CY APR 20-21, 2016 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE VCSELs; free space interconnects; training and simulation; small arms transmitters ID SURFACE-EMITTING LASERS; 850 NM VCSEL AB Sensing applications along with free space data links can benefit from advanced laser sources that produce novel radiation patterns and tight spectral control for optical filtering. Vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) are being developed for these applications. While oxide VCSELs are being produced by most companies, a new type of oxide-free VCSEL is demonstrating many advantages in beam pattern, spectral control, and reliability. These lithographic VCSELs offer increased power density from a given aperture size, and enable dense integration of high efficiency and single mode elements that improve beam pattern. In this paper we present results for lithographic VCSELs and describes integration into military systems for very low cost pulsed applications, as well as continuous-wave applications in novel sensing applications. The VCSELs are being developed for U.S. Army for soldier weapon engagement simulation training to improve beam pattern and spectral control. Wavelengths in the 904 nm to 990 nm ranges are being developed with the spectral control designed to eliminate unwanted water absorption bands from the data links. Multiple beams and radiation patterns based on highly compact packages are being investigated for improved target sensing and transmission fidelity in free space data links. These novel features based on the new VCSEL sources are also expected to find applications in 3-D imaging, proximity sensing and motion control, as well as single mode sensors such as atomic clocks and high speed data transmission. C1 [Leshin, J.; Beadsworth, J.; Deppe, D. G.] SdPhotonics LLC, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. [Li, M.; Yang, X.; Zhang, Y.; Deppe, D. G.] Univ Cent Florida, Coll Opt & Photon, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. [Tucker, F.; Eifert, L.] Army Res Lab, Orlando, FL 32826 USA. RP Leshin, J (reprint author), SdPhotonics LLC, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. EM jasonleshin@outlook.com NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 5 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0095-9 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9854 AR UNSP 98540Y DI 10.1117/12.2222911 PG 7 WC Optics SC Optics GA BF6DH UT WOS:000382988000023 ER PT S AU Long, AD Narayanan, RM Kane, TJ Rice, TF Tauber, MJ AF Long, Aaron D. Narayanan, Ram M. Kane, Timothy J. Rice, Terence F. Tauber, Michael J. BE Dhar, NK Dutta, AK TI Analysis and Implementation of the Foveated Vision of the Raptor Eye SO IMAGE SENSING TECHNOLOGIES: MATERIALS, DEVICES, SYSTEMS, AND APPLICATIONS III SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Image Sensing Technologies - Materials, Devices, Systems, and Applications III CY APR 20-21, 2016 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE raptor eye; fovea; wide angle; local magnification; distortion control AB A foveated optical system has non-uniform resolution across its field of view. Typically, the resolution of such a lens is peaked in the center region of field of view, such as in the human eye. In biological systems this is often a result of localized depressions on the retina called foveae. Birds of prey, or raptors, have two foveae in each eye, each of which accounts for a localized region of high magnification within the raptor's field of view. This paper presents an analysis of the bifoveated vision of raptors and presents a method whereby this unique optical characteristic may be achieved in an optical system using freeform optics and aberration correction techniques. C1 [Long, Aaron D.; Narayanan, Ram M.; Kane, Timothy J.] Penn State Univ, Dept Elect Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Rice, Terence F.; Tauber, Michael J.] US Army, ARDEC, RDAR EIJ JSSAP, Arsenal, NJ 97806 USA. RP Long, AD (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Elect Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM ail5283@psu.edu NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 5 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0095-9 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9854 AR UNSP 98540T DI 10.1117/12.2224127 PG 9 WC Optics SC Optics GA BF6DH UT WOS:000382988000018 ER PT S AU Mizuno, G Dutta, J Oduor, P Dutta, AK Dhar, NK AF Mizuno, Genki Dutta, Jaydeep Oduor, Patrick Dutta, Achyut K. Dhar, Nibir K. BE Dhar, NK Dutta, AK TI Novel High-performance Multispectral Photodetector and its Performance SO IMAGE SENSING TECHNOLOGIES: MATERIALS, DEVICES, SYSTEMS, AND APPLICATIONS III SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Image Sensing Technologies - Materials, Devices, Systems, and Applications III CY APR 20-21, 2016 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE InGaAs; Photodiode; SWIR; Focal Plane Array; Dark current; Light trapping; nanostructures; broadband antireflection; image sensor; sensitivity; broad spectrum; multispectral; VIS AB Banpil Photonics has developed a novel high-performance multispectral photodetector array for Short-Wave Infrared (SWIR) imaging. The InGaAs based device uses a unique micro-nano pillar structure that eliminates surface reflection to significantly increase sensitivity and the absorption spectra compared to its macro-scaled thin-film pixels counterpart (non-pillar). We discuss the device structure and highlight fabrication of the novel high performance multispectral image sensor. We also present performance results of the device characterization showing low dark current suitable for high performance imaging applications for the most demanding security, defense, and machine vision applications. C1 [Mizuno, Genki; Dutta, Jaydeep; Oduor, Patrick; Dutta, Achyut K.] Banpil Photon Inc, 4800 Patrick Henry Dr,Suite 120, Santa Clara, CA 95054 USA. [Dhar, Nibir K.] US Army Night Vis & Elect Sensors Directorate, Ft Belvoir, VA USA. RP Dutta, AK (reprint author), Banpil Photon Inc, 4800 Patrick Henry Dr,Suite 120, Santa Clara, CA 95054 USA. EM akdutta@banpil.com NR 26 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0095-9 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9854 AR UNSP 985410 DI 10.1117/12.2230574 PG 6 WC Optics SC Optics GA BF6DH UT WOS:000382988000025 ER PT S AU Mizuno, G Olah, R Oduor, P Dutta, AK Dhar, NK AF Mizuno, Genki Olah, Robert Oduor, Patrick Dutta, Achyut K. Dhar, Nibir K. BE Dhar, NK Dutta, AK TI High Performance Digital Read Out Integrated Circuit (DROIC) for Infrared Imaging SO IMAGE SENSING TECHNOLOGIES: MATERIALS, DEVICES, SYSTEMS, AND APPLICATIONS III SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Image Sensing Technologies - Materials, Devices, Systems, and Applications III CY APR 20-21, 2016 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE ROIC; DROIC; FPA; global shutter; high frame rate; Infrared; IR; camera; imaging; high-performance; SWaP-C; hybridization; VIS-SWIR; NIR; SWIR; MWIR; LWIR; multispectral AB Banpil Photonics has developed a high-performance Digital Read-Out Integrated Circuit (DROIC) for image sensors and camera systems targeting various military, industrial and commercial Infrared (IR) imaging applications. The on-chip digitization of the pixel output eliminates the necessity for an external analog-to-digital converter (ADC), which not only cuts costs, but also enables miniaturization of packaging to achieve SWaP-C camera systems. In addition, the DROIC offers new opportunities for greater on-chip processing intelligence that are not possible in conventional analog ROICs prevalent today. Conventional ROICs, which typically can enhance only one high performance attribute such as frame rate, power consumption or noise level, fail when simultaneously targeting the most aggressive performance requirements demanded in imaging applications today. Additionally, scaling analog readout circuits to meet such requirements leads to expensive, high-power consumption with large and complex systems that are untenable in the trend towards SWaP-C. We present the implementation of a VGA format (640x512 pixels 15 mu m pitch) capacitive-transimpedance amplifier (CTIA) DROIC architecture that incorporates a 12-bit ADC at the pixel level. The CTIA pixel input circuitry has two gain modes with programmable full-well capacity values of 100K e-and 500K e-. The DROIC has been developed with a system-on-chip architecture in mind, where all the timing and biasing are generated internally without requiring any critical external inputs. The chip is configurable with many parameters programmable through a serial programmable interface (SPI). It features a global shutter, low power, and high frame rates programmable from 30 up 500 frames per second in full VGA format supported through 24 LVDS outputs. This DROIC, suitable for hybridization with focal plane arrays (FPA) is ideal for high-performance uncooled camera applications ranging from near IR (NIR) and shortwave IR (SWIR) to mid-wave IR (MWIR) and long-wave IR (LWIR) spectral bands. C1 [Mizuno, Genki; Olah, Robert; Oduor, Patrick; Dutta, Achyut K.] Banpil Photon Inc, 4800 Patrick Henry Dr,Suite 120, Santa Clara, CA 95054 USA. [Dhar, Nibir K.] US Army, Night Vis & Elect Sensors Directorate, Ft Belvoir, VA USA. RP Dutta, AK (reprint author), Banpil Photon Inc, 4800 Patrick Henry Dr,Suite 120, Santa Clara, CA 95054 USA. EM akdutta@banpil.com NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 5 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0095-9 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9854 AR UNSP 985409 DI 10.1117/12.2230573 PG 7 WC Optics SC Optics GA BF6DH UT WOS:000382988000005 ER PT S AU Nast, T Olson, JR Champagne, P Roth, E Kaldas, G Saito, E Loung, V Mccay, BS Kenton, AC Dobbins, CL AF Nast, T. Olson, J. R. Champagne, P. Roth, E. Kaldas, G. Saito, E. Loung, V. McCay, B. S. Kenton, A. C. Dobbins, C. L. BE Dhar, NK Dutta, AK TI Fast Cooldown Coaxial Pulse Tube Microcooler SO IMAGE SENSING TECHNOLOGIES: MATERIALS, DEVICES, SYSTEMS, AND APPLICATIONS III SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Image Sensing Technologies - Materials, Devices, Systems, and Applications III CY APR 20-21, 2016 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE Pulse Tube; Microcooler; Cryocooler; Microcryocooler AB We report the development and initial testing of the Lockheed Martin first-article, single-stage, compact, coaxial, Fast Cooldown Pulse Tube Microcryocooler (FC-PTM). The new cryocooler supports cooling requirements for emerging large, high operating temperature (105-150K) infrared focal plane array sensors with nominal cooling loads of similar to 300 mW @105K @293K ambient. This is a sequel development that builds on our inline and coaxial pulse tube microcryocoolers reported at CEC 2013(7), ICC18(8,9), and CEC2015(10). The new FC-PTM and the prior units all share our long life space technology attributes, which typically have 10 year life requirements(1). The new prototype microcryocooler builds on the previous development by incorporating cold head design improvements in two key areas: 1) reduced cool-down time and 2) novel repackaging that greatly reduces envelope. The new coldhead and Dewar were significantly redesigned from the earlier versions in order to achieve a cooldown time of 2-3 minutes- a projected requirement for tactical applications. A design approach was devised to reduce the cold head length from 115mm to 55mm, while at the same time reducing cooldown time. We present new FC-PTM performance test measurements with comparisons to our previous pulse-tube microcryocooler measurements and design predictions. The FC-PTM exhibits attractive small size, volume, weight, power and cost (SWaP-C) features with sufficient cooling capacity over required ambient conditions that apply to an increasing variety of space and tactical applications. C1 [Nast, T.; Olson, J. R.; Champagne, P.; Roth, E.; Kaldas, G.] Lockheed Martin Space Syst Co, Adv Technol Ctr, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. [Saito, E.; Loung, V.; McCay, B. S.] Santa Barbara Focalplane, Lockheed Martin Missiles & Fire Control, Goleta, CA 93117 USA. [Kenton, A. C.] DCS Corp, Niceville, FL 32578 USA. [Dobbins, C. L.] US Army, AMRDEC, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. RP Nast, T (reprint author), Lockheed Martin Space Syst Co, Adv Technol Ctr, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0095-9 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9854 AR UNSP 98540E DI 10.1117/12.2225327 PG 11 WC Optics SC Optics GA BF6DH UT WOS:000382988000010 ER PT S AU Oduor, P Mizuno, G Dutta, AK Lewis, J Dhar, NK AF Oduor, Patrick Mizuno, Genki Dutta, Achyut K. Lewis, Jay Dhar, Nibir K. BE Dhar, NK Dutta, AK TI Strategic Options Towards an Affordable High-Performance Infrared Camera SO IMAGE SENSING TECHNOLOGIES: MATERIALS, DEVICES, SYSTEMS, AND APPLICATIONS III SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Image Sensing Technologies - Materials, Devices, Systems, and Applications III CY APR 20-21, 2016 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE Infrared; IR; camera; imaging; FPA; ROIC; low-cost; high-performance; SWaP-C; ROIC; hybridization; wafer-scale; VIS-SWIR; SWIR; MWIR; LWIR; multispectral AB The promise of infrared (IR) imaging attaining low-cost akin to CMOS sensors success has been hampered by the inability to achieve cost advantages that are necessary for crossover from military and industrial applications into the consumer and mass-scale commercial realm despite well documented advantages. Banpil Photonics is developing affordable IR cameras by adopting new strategies to speed-up the decline of the IR camera cost curve. We present a new short-wave IR (SWIR) camera; 640x512 pixel InGaAs uncooled system that is high sensitivity low noise (<50e-), high dynamic range (100 dB), high-frame rates (> 500 frames per second (FPS)) at full resolution, and low power consumption (< 1 W) in a compact system. This camera paves the way towards mass market adoption by not only demonstrating high-performance IR imaging capability value add demanded by military and industrial application, but also illuminates a path towards justifiable price points essential for consumer facing application industries such as automotive, medical, and security imaging adoption. Among the strategic options presented include new sensor manufacturing technologies that scale favorably towards automation, multi-focal plane array compatible readout electronics, and dense or ultra-small pixel pitch devices. C1 [Oduor, Patrick; Mizuno, Genki; Dutta, Achyut K.] Banpil Photon Inc, 4800 Patrick Henry Dr,Suite 120, Santa Clara, CA 95054 USA. [Lewis, Jay] DARPA Microsyst Technol Off MTO, 675 North Randolph St, Arlington, VA 22203 USA. [Dhar, Nibir K.] US Army Night Vis & Elect Sensors Directorate, Ft Belvoir, VA USA. RP Dutta, AK (reprint author), Banpil Photon Inc, 4800 Patrick Henry Dr,Suite 120, Santa Clara, CA 95054 USA. EM akdutta@banpil.com NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0095-9 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9854 AR UNSP 98540F DI 10.1117/12.2230307 PG 8 WC Optics SC Optics GA BF6DH UT WOS:000382988000011 ER PT S AU Pethuraja, GG Welser, RE Sood, AK Efstathiadis, H Haldar, P Wijewarnasuriya, PS Dhar, NK AF Pethuraja, Gopal G. Welser, Roger E. Sood, Ashok K. Efstathiadis, Harry Haldar, Pradeep Wijewarnasuriya, Priyalal S. Dhar, Nibir K. BE Dhar, NK Dutta, AK TI Development of Nanostructure Antireflection Coatings for EO/IR Sensor Applications SO IMAGE SENSING TECHNOLOGIES: MATERIALS, DEVICES, SYSTEMS, AND APPLICATIONS III SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Image Sensing Technologies - Materials, Devices, Systems, and Applications III CY APR 20-21, 2016 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE Antireflection Coatings; Nanostructured Optical Coatings; Optical Transmittance; Optical Reflectance; Nanosensors ID LOW-REFRACTIVE-INDEX; TECHNOLOGY AB Electro-optical/infrared (EO/IR) nanosensors are being developed for a variety of defense and commercial systems applications. One of the critical technologies that will enhance EO/IR sensor performance is the development of advanced antireflection coatings. In this paper, we review our latest work on high quality nanostructure-based antireflection structures, including recent efforts to deposit nanostructured antireflection coatings on IR substrates. Nanostructured antireflection coatings fabricated via oblique angle deposition are shown to enhance the optical transmission through transparent windows by minimizing reflection losses at the spectral band of interest to less than one percent, a substantial improvement over conventional thin-film antireflection coating technologies. Step-graded antireflection structures also exhibit excellent omnidirectional performance, and have recently been demonstrated with good performance in medium wavelength and long wavelength IR spectral bands. C1 [Pethuraja, Gopal G.; Welser, Roger E.; Sood, Ashok K.] Magnolia Opt Technol Inc, 52-B Cummings Pk,Suite 314, Woburn, MA 01801 USA. [Pethuraja, Gopal G.; Welser, Roger E.; Sood, Ashok K.] 251 Fuller Rd,CESTM B-250, Albany, NY 12203 USA. [Efstathiadis, Harry; Haldar, Pradeep] State Univ New York Polytech Inst, Coll Nanoscale Sci & Engn, 257 Fuller Rd, Albany, NY 12203 USA. [Wijewarnasuriya, Priyalal S.] US Army, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. [Dhar, Nibir K.] US Army, Night Vis & Elect Sensors Directorate, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. RP Pethuraja, GG (reprint author), Magnolia Opt Technol Inc, 52-B Cummings Pk,Suite 314, Woburn, MA 01801 USA.; Pethuraja, GG (reprint author), 251 Fuller Rd,CESTM B-250, Albany, NY 12203 USA. NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0095-9 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9854 AR UNSP 985407 DI 10.1117/12.2229647 PG 10 WC Optics SC Optics GA BF6DH UT WOS:000382988000003 ER PT S AU Shrestha, A Mizuno, G Oduor, P Dutta, AK Dhar, NK AF Shrestha, Anil Mizuno, Genki Oduor, Patrick Dutta, Achyut K. Dhar, Nibir K. BE Dhar, NK Dutta, AK TI Broadband Antireflection with Curved Surface Nano-Pyramids for Image Sensing Devices SO IMAGE SENSING TECHNOLOGIES: MATERIALS, DEVICES, SYSTEMS, AND APPLICATIONS III SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Image Sensing Technologies - Materials, Devices, Systems, and Applications III CY APR 20-21, 2016 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE Light trapping; nanostructures; broadband antireflection; antireflection coating; AR; ARC; image sensor; sensitivity; broad spectrum; wavelength band; VIS; SWIR; MWIR ID INDEX; REFLECTION; COATINGS AB The reflection loss in imaging devices is one of the major drawbacks, which degrades efficiency resulting in lower responsivity. Since the reflected light is no longer available for conversion into electrons, it is very important to reduce the reflection from the top surface of the device as much as possible. Quarter wavelength and two index antireflection (AR) coatings have been developed to reduce reflection; however, these AR coatings are wavelength dependent and have not performed effectively in a broadband range. Attempts to make AR coating for broadband wavelengths by stacking multiple index AR layers result in thicker and expensive solutions, which still do not provide proper antireflection at all desired wavelengths. Moreover, the usage of AR coatings escalates material and fabrication costs of the device. We propose a novel nanostructure, which matches the refractive index of the device to that of free space to reduce reflection from the top surface, eliminating the use of AR coatings and hence reducing the device cost. It is shown via simulation that the proposed nanostructure effectively eliminates the reflection loss over the broadband spectrum of desired wavelengths e.g. Visible, Mid-wave IR (MWIR), Short-wave IR (SWIR) spectrums, opening various application opportunities. C1 [Shrestha, Anil; Mizuno, Genki; Oduor, Patrick; Dutta, Achyut K.] Banpil Photon Inc, 4800 Patrick Henry Dr,Suite 120, Santa Clara, CA 95054 USA. [Dhar, Nibir K.] US Army, Night Vis & Elect Sensors Directorate, Ft Belvoir, VA USA. RP Dutta, AK (reprint author), Banpil Photon Inc, 4800 Patrick Henry Dr,Suite 120, Santa Clara, CA 95054 USA. EM akdutta@banpil.com NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0095-9 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9854 AR UNSP 985406 DI 10.1117/12.2230287 PG 6 WC Optics SC Optics GA BF6DH UT WOS:000382988000002 ER PT S AU Sood, AK Zeller, JW Welser, RE Puri, YR Lewis, JS Dhar, NK Wijewarnasuriya, P AF Sood, Ashok K. Zeller, John W. Welser, Roger E. Puri, Yash R. Lewis, Jay S. Dhar, Nibir K. Wijewarnasuriya, Priyalal BE Dhar, NK Dutta, AK TI Overview of Detector Technologies for EO/IR Sensing Applications SO IMAGE SENSING TECHNOLOGIES: MATERIALS, DEVICES, SYSTEMS, AND APPLICATIONS III SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Image Sensing Technologies - Materials, Devices, Systems, and Applications III CY APR 20-21, 2016 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE ID VAPOR-DEPOSITION MOCVD; ZNO NANOWIRES; GROWTH C1 [Sood, Ashok K.; Zeller, John W.; Welser, Roger E.; Puri, Yash R.] Magnolia Opt Technol Inc, 52-B Cummings Pk,Suite 314, Woburn, MA 01801 USA. [Lewis, Jay S.] DARPA MTO, 675 North Randolph St, Arlington, VA 22203 USA. [Dhar, Nibir K.] Night Vis & Elect Sensors Directorate, 10221 Burbeck Rd, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. [Wijewarnasuriya, Priyalal] US Army, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Sood, AK (reprint author), Magnolia Opt Technol Inc, 52-B Cummings Pk,Suite 314, Woburn, MA 01801 USA. NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0095-9 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9854 AR UNSP 98540A DI 10.1117/12.2229420 PG 16 WC Optics SC Optics GA BF6DH UT WOS:000382988000006 ER PT S AU Sood, AK Lund, I Zeller, JW Puri, YR Efstathiadis, H Haldar, P Dhar, NK Lewis, J Wijewarnasuriya, P AF Sood, Ashok K. Lund, Isaac Zeller, John W. Puri, Yash R. Efstathiadis, Harry Haldar, Pradeep Dhar, Nibir K. Lewis, Jay Wijewarnasuriya, Priyalal BE Dhar, NK Dutta, AK TI Development of Graphene Based Detectors for EO/IR Applications SO IMAGE SENSING TECHNOLOGIES: MATERIALS, DEVICES, SYSTEMS, AND APPLICATIONS III SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Image Sensing Technologies - Materials, Devices, Systems, and Applications III CY APR 20-21, 2016 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE Graphene; Infrared detectors; radio frequency (RF); graphene field effect transistors (GFET); electro-optics (EO) ID TRANSISTORS AB Graphene has amazing abilities due to its unique band structure characteristics defining its enhanced electrical capabilities for a material with the highest characteristic mobility known to exist at room temperature. The high mobility of graphene occurs due to electron delocalization and weak electron phonon interaction making graphene an ideal material for electrical applications requiring high mobility and fast response times. In this paper, we are going to focus on the benefits along with some of the limitations with using graphene in infrared (IR) devices, electro-optic (EO) devices, and field effect transistors (FET) for radio frequency (RF) applications. C1 [Sood, Ashok K.; Lund, Isaac; Zeller, John W.; Puri, Yash R.] Magnolia Opt Technol Inc, 52-B Cummings Pk,Suite 314, Woburn, MA 01801 USA. [Efstathiadis, Harry; Haldar, Pradeep] Coll Nanoscale Sci & Engn CNSE, Albany, NY 12222 USA. [Dhar, Nibir K.] Night Vis & Elect Sensors Directorate, 10221 Burbeck Rd, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. [Lewis, Jay] DARPA MTO, 675 North Randolph St, Arlington, VA 22203 USA. [Wijewarnasuriya, Priyalal] US Army, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Sood, AK (reprint author), Magnolia Opt Technol Inc, 52-B Cummings Pk,Suite 314, Woburn, MA 01801 USA. NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0095-9 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9854 AR UNSP 98540D DI 10.1117/12.2229649 PG 18 WC Optics SC Optics GA BF6DH UT WOS:000382988000009 ER PT S AU Wijewarnasuriya, PS AF Wijewarnasuriya, Priyalal S. BE Dhar, NK Dutta, AK TI Dislocation Reduction in HgCdTe grown on CdTe/Si SO IMAGE SENSING TECHNOLOGIES: MATERIALS, DEVICES, SYSTEMS, AND APPLICATIONS III SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Image Sensing Technologies - Materials, Devices, Systems, and Applications III CY APR 20-21, 2016 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE ID SI; PERFORMANCE; CDZNTE/SI; QUALITY AB Bulk-grown CdZnTe (Zn = 3%) substrates are the natural choice for HgCdTe epitaxy since it is lattice matched to long wave LW-HgCdTe alloy. However, lack of large area CdZnTe substrates, high production costs, and more importantly, the difference in thermal expansion coefficients between CdZnTe and silicon Read out Integrated Circuits (ROIC) are some of the inherent drawbacks of CdZnTe substrates. Consequently, Hg1-xCdxTe detectors fabricated on silicon substrates are an attractive alternative. Recent developments in the molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) buffer layer growth technology on Si substrates has revolutionized the HgCdTe research and offered a new dimension to HgCdTe-based IR technology. Si substrates provide advantages in terms of relatively large area (3 to 6-inch diameter is easily obtained) compared to CZT substrate materials, durability during processing, and reliability to thermal cycling. Innovations in Si-based composite substrates made it possible to fabricate very large-format IR arrays that offer higher resolution, low-cost arrays and more dies per wafer. Between Si substrates and HgCdTe has large lattice mismatch of 19%. This leads to dislocation densities of low-10(7) cm(-2) for optimal growth of HgCdTe on silicon-based substrates as compared to the mid-10(4) cm(-2) dislocation density of HgCdTe grown on CdZnTe. This paper present dislocation reduction by two orders of magnitude using thermal cycle anneal under Hg environment on HgCdTe grown on Si substrates and as well as defect reduction in Cd(Se)Te buffer layers grown on Si Substrates. C1 [Wijewarnasuriya, Priyalal S.] US Army, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD USA. RP Wijewarnasuriya, PS (reprint author), US Army, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD USA. EM priyalal.s.wijewarnasuriya.civ@mail.mil NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0095-9 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9854 AR UNSP 98540B DI 10.1117/12.2229309 PG 12 WC Optics SC Optics GA BF6DH UT WOS:000382988000007 ER PT S AU Zeller, JW Rouse, C Efstathiadis, H Haldar, P Lewis, JS Dhar, NK Wijewarnasuriya, P Puri, YR Sood, AK AF Zeller, John W. Rouse, Caitlin Efstathiadis, Harry Haldar, Pradeep Lewis, Jay S. Dhar, Nibir K. Wijewarnasuriya, Priyalal Puri, Yash R. Sood, Ashok K. BE Dhar, NK Dutta, AK TI Development of silicon-germanium visible-near infrared arrays SO IMAGE SENSING TECHNOLOGIES: MATERIALS, DEVICES, SYSTEMS, AND APPLICATIONS III SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Image Sensing Technologies - Materials, Devices, Systems, and Applications III CY APR 20-21, 2016 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE photodetectors; infrared detectors; germanium; photodiodes; thin films; large-area wafers ID GE-PHOTODETECTORS; HIGH-PERFORMANCE; SI; QUALITY AB Photodetectors based on germanium which do not require cooling and can provide good near-infrared (NIR) detection performance offer a low-cost alternative to conventional infrared sensors based on material systems such as InGaAs, InSb, and HgCdTe. As a result of the significant difference in thermal expansion coefficients between germanium and silicon, tensile strain incorporated into Ge epitaxial layers deposited on Si utilizing specialized growth processes can extend the operational range of detection to 1600 nm and longer wavelengths. We have fabricated Ge based PIN photodetectors on 300 mm diameter Si wafers to take advantage of high throughput, large-area complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) technology. This device fabrication process involves low temperature epitaxial deposition of Ge to form a thin p(+) (boron) Ge seed/buffer layer, and subsequent higher temperature deposition of a thicker Ge intrinsic layer. This is followed by selective ion implantation of phosphorus of various concentrations to form n(+) Ge regions, deposition of a passivating oxide cap, and then top copper contacts to complete the PIN detector devices. Various techniques including transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) have been employed to characterize the material and structural properties of the epitaxially grown layers and fabricated detector devices, and these results are presented. The I-V response of the photodetector devices with and without illumination was also measured, for which the Ge based photodetectors consistently exhibited low dark currents of around similar to 1 nA at -1 V bias. C1 [Zeller, John W.; Puri, Yash R.; Sood, Ashok K.] Magnolia Opt Technol Inc, 52-B Cummings Pk, Woburn, MA 01801 USA. [Rouse, Caitlin; Efstathiadis, Harry; Haldar, Pradeep] State Univ New York Polytech Inst, 257 Fuller Rd, Albany, NY 12203 USA. [Lewis, Jay S.] DARPA MTO, 675 North Randolph St, Arlington, VA 22203 USA. [Dhar, Nibir K.] US Army, Night Vis Sensors & Elect Div, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. [Wijewarnasuriya, Priyalal] US Army, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Zeller, JW (reprint author), Magnolia Opt Technol Inc, 52-B Cummings Pk, Woburn, MA 01801 USA. EM jwzeller@magnoliaoptical.com NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0095-9 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9854 AR UNSP 985408 DI 10.1117/12.2229650 PG 9 WC Optics SC Optics GA BF6DH UT WOS:000382988000004 ER PT S AU Burks, SD Haefner, DP Teaney, BP Doe, JM AF Burks, Stephen D. Haefner, David P. Teaney, Brian P. Doe, Joshua M. BE Holst, GC Krapels, KA TI Thermal system field performance predictions from laboratory and field measurements SO INFRARED IMAGING SYSTEMS: DESIGN, ANALYSIS, MODELING, AND TESTING XXVII SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Infrared Imaging Systems - Design, Analysis, Modeling, and Testing XXVII CY APR 19-21, 2016 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE MTF; 3D Noise; LWIR; MWIR; Undersampled Imaging Systems; Thermal System Performance AB Laboratory measurements on thermal imaging systems are critical to understanding their performance in a field environment. However, it is rarely a straightforward process to directly inject thermal measurements into thermal performance modeling software to acquire meaningful results. Some of the sources of discrepancies between laboratory and field measurements are sensor gain and level, dyanmic range, sensor display and display brightness, and the environment where the sensor is operating. If measurements for the aforementioned parameters could be performed, a more accurate description of sensor performance in a particular environment is possible. This research will also include the procedure for turning both laboratory and field measurements into a system model. C1 [Burks, Stephen D.; Haefner, David P.; Teaney, Brian P.; Doe, Joshua M.] US Army, RDECOM, CERDEC, Night Vis & Elect Sensors Directorate, 10221 Burbeck Rd, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. RP Burks, SD (reprint author), US Army, RDECOM, CERDEC, Night Vis & Elect Sensors Directorate, 10221 Burbeck Rd, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0061-4 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9820 AR UNSP 98200U DI 10.1117/12.2224054 PG 7 WC Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BF6AU UT WOS:000382887400024 ER PT S AU Burks, SD Haefner, DP Doe, JM AF Burks, Stephen D. Haefner, David P. Doe, Joshua M. BE Holst, GC Krapels, KA TI Noise measurement on thermal systems with narrow band SO INFRARED IMAGING SYSTEMS: DESIGN, ANALYSIS, MODELING, AND TESTING XXVII SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Infrared Imaging Systems - Design, Analysis, Modeling, and Testing XXVII CY APR 19-21, 2016 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE 3d Noise; thermal system performance; mid-wave thermal imaging; narrow band imaging; SITF AB Thermal systems with a narrow spectral bandpass and mid-wave thermal imagers are useful for a variety of imaging applications. Additionally, the sensitivity for these classes of systems is increasing along with an increase in performance requirements when evaluated in a lab. Unfortunately, the uncertainty in the blackbody temperature along with the temporal instability of the blackbody could lead to uncontrolled laboratory environmental effects which could increase the measured noise. If the temporal uncertainty and accuracy of a particular blackbody is known, then confidence intervals could be adjusted for source accuracy and instability. Additionally, because thermal currents may be a large source of temporal noise in narrow band systems, a means to mitigate them is presented and results are discussed. C1 [Burks, Stephen D.; Haefner, David P.; Doe, Joshua M.] US Army, RDECOM, CERDEC, Night Vis & Elect Sensors Directorate, 10221 Burbeck Rd, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. RP Burks, SD (reprint author), US Army, RDECOM, CERDEC, Night Vis & Elect Sensors Directorate, 10221 Burbeck Rd, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0061-4 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9820 AR UNSP 98200W DI 10.1117/12.2224051 PG 8 WC Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BF6AU UT WOS:000382887400026 ER PT S AU Carrillo, JT Goodin, CT Baylot, AE AF Carrillo, Justin T. Goodin, Christopher T. Baylot, Alex E. BE Holst, GC Krapels, KA TI NIR Sensitivity Analysis with the VANE SO INFRARED IMAGING SYSTEMS: DESIGN, ANALYSIS, MODELING, AND TESTING XXVII SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Infrared Imaging Systems - Design, Analysis, Modeling, and Testing XXVII CY APR 19-21, 2016 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE Virtual Autonomous Navigation Environment; near infrared; sensitivity analysis; environmental conditions; object detection; DMK firewire monochrome; sensor modeling; environmental modeling AB Near infrared (NIR) cameras, with peak sensitivity around 905-nm wavelengths, are increasingly used in object detection applications such as pedestrian detection, occupant detection in vehicles, and vehicle detection. In this work, we present the results of simulated sensitivity analysis for object detection with NIR cameras. The analysis was conducted using high performance computing (HPC) to determine the environmental effects on object detection in different terrains and environmental conditions. The Virtual Autonomous Navigation Environment (VANE) was used to simulate high-resolution models for environment, terrain, vehicles, and sensors. In the experiment, an active fiducial marker was attached to the rear bumper of a vehicle. The camera was mounted on a following vehicle that trailed at varying standoff distances. Three different terrain conditions (rural, urban, and forest), two environmental conditions (clear and hazy), three different times of day (morning, noon, and evening), and six different standoff distances were used to perform the sensor sensitivity analysis. The NIR camera that was used for the simulation is the DMK firewire monochrome on a pan-tilt motor. Standoff distance was varied along with environment and environmental conditions to determine the critical failure points for the sensor. Feature matching was used to detect the markers in each frame of the simulation, and the percentage of frames in which one of the markers was detected was recorded. The standoff distance produced the biggest impact on the performance of the camera system, while the camera system was not sensitive to environment conditions. C1 [Carrillo, Justin T.; Goodin, Christopher T.; Baylot, Alex E.] US Army Corps Engineers, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Carrillo, JT (reprint author), US Army Corps Engineers, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. EM Justin.T.Carrillo@erdc.dren.mil NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0061-4 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9820 AR UNSP 98200I DI 10.1117/12.2222077 PG 9 WC Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BF6AU UT WOS:000382887400015 ER PT S AU Du Bosq, TW Preece, BL AF Du Bosq, Todd W. Preece, Bradley L. BE Holst, GC Krapels, KA TI Performance assessment of a single-pixel compressive sensing imaging system SO INFRARED IMAGING SYSTEMS: DESIGN, ANALYSIS, MODELING, AND TESTING XXVII SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Infrared Imaging Systems - Design, Analysis, Modeling, and Testing XXVII CY APR 19-21, 2016 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE Performance modeling; compressive sensing; computational imaging; NV-IPM; single-pixel camera AB Conventional electro-optical and infrared (EO/IR) systems capture an image by measuring the light incident at each of the millions of pixels in a focal plane array. Compressive sensing (CS) involves capturing a smaller number of unconventional measurements from the scene, and then using a companion process known as sparse reconstruction to recover the image as if a fully populated array that satisfies the Nyquist criteria was used. Therefore, CS operates under the assumption that signal acquisition and data compression can be accomplished simultaneously. CS has the potential to acquire an image with equivalent information content to a large format array while using smaller, cheaper, and lower bandwidth components. However, the benefits of CS do not come without compromise. The CS architecture chosen must effectively balance between physical considerations (SWaP-C), reconstruction accuracy, and reconstruction speed to meet operational requirements. To properly assess the value of such systems, it is necessary to fully characterize the image quality, including artifacts and sensitivity to noise. Imagery of the two-handheld object target set at range was collected using a passive SWIR single-pixel CS camera for various ranges, mirror resolution, and number of processed measurements. Human perception experiments were performed to determine the identification performance within the trade space. The performance of the nonlinear CS camera was modeled with the Night Vision Integrated Performance Model (NV-IPM) by mapping the nonlinear degradations to an equivalent linear shift invariant model. Finally, the limitations of CS modeling techniques will be discussed. C1 [Du Bosq, Todd W.; Preece, Bradley L.] US Army RDECOM CERDEC NVESD, 10221 Burbeck Rd, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. RP Du Bosq, TW (reprint author), US Army RDECOM CERDEC NVESD, 10221 Burbeck Rd, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0061-4 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9820 AR UNSP 98200F DI 10.1117/12.2227816 PG 11 WC Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BF6AU UT WOS:000382887400013 ER PT S AU Friedman, M AF Friedman, Melvin BE Holst, GC Krapels, KA TI Modeling Threshold Detection and Search for Point and Extended Sources SO INFRARED IMAGING SYSTEMS: DESIGN, ANALYSIS, MODELING, AND TESTING XXVII SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Infrared Imaging Systems - Design, Analysis, Modeling, and Testing XXVII CY APR 19-21, 2016 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE detection; threshold detection; point source; extended source; specific observer; search; model; Berek; Travnikova AB This paper deals with three separate topics. 1) The Berek extended object threshold detection model is described, calibrated against a portion of Blackwell's 1946 naked eye threshold detection data for extended objects against an unstructured background, and then the remainder of Blackwell's data is used to verify and validate the model. A range equation is derived from Berek's model which allows threshold detection range to be predicted for extended to point objects against an un-cluttered background as a function of target size and adapting luminance levels. The range equation is then used to model threshold detection of stationary reflective and self-luminous targets against an uncluttered background. 2) There is uncertainty whether Travnikova's search data for point source detection against an un-cluttered background is described by Rayleigh or exponential distributions. A model which explains the Rayleigh distribution for barely perceptible objects and the exponential distribution for brighter objects is given. 3) A technique is presented which allows a specific observer's target acquisition capability to be characterized. Then a model is presented which describes how individual target acquisition probability grows when a specific observer or combination of specific observers search for targets. Applications for the three topics are discussed. C1 [Friedman, Melvin] Commun Elect Res Dev & Engn Ctr, US Army, RDECOM, Night Vis & Elect Sensors Directorate, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. RP Friedman, M (reprint author), Commun Elect Res Dev & Engn Ctr, US Army, RDECOM, Night Vis & Elect Sensors Directorate, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. EM info@nvl.army.mil NR 98 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0061-4 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9820 AR UNSP 982004 DI 10.1117/12.2224183 PG 20 WC Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BF6AU UT WOS:000382887400003 ER PT S AU Hodgkin, VA Howell, CL AF Hodgkin, Van A. Howell, Christopher L. BE Holst, GC Krapels, KA TI HIL Range Performance of Notional Hyperspectral Imaging Sensors SO INFRARED IMAGING SYSTEMS: DESIGN, ANALYSIS, MODELING, AND TESTING XXVII SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Infrared Imaging Systems - Design, Analysis, Modeling, and Testing XXVII CY APR 19-21, 2016 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE image contrast; spectral contrast; hyperspectral; target discrimination AB In the use of conventional broadband imaging systems, whether reflective or emissive, scene image contrasts are often so low that target discrimination is difficult or uncertain, and it is contrast that drives human-in-the-loop (HIL) sensor range performance. This situation can occur even when the spectral shapes of the target and background signatures (radiances) across the sensor waveband differ significantly from each other. The fundamental components of broadband image contrast are the spectral integrals of the target and background signatures, and this spectral integration can average away the spectral differences between scene objects. In many low broadband image contrast situations, hyperspectral imaging (HSI) can preserve a greater degree of the intrinsic scene spectral contrast for the display, and more display contrast means greater range performance by a trained observer. This paper documents a study using spectral radiometric signature modeling and the U.S. Army's Night Vision Integrated Performance Model (NV-IPM) to show how waveband selection by a notional HSI sensor using spectral contrast optimization can significantly increase HIL sensor range performance over conventional broadband sensors. C1 [Hodgkin, Van A.; Howell, Christopher L.] US Army RDECOM CERDEC NVESD, 10221 Burbeck Rd, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. RP Hodgkin, VA (reprint author), US Army RDECOM CERDEC NVESD, 10221 Burbeck Rd, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0061-4 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9820 AR UNSP 98200N DI 10.1117/12.2223004 PG 11 WC Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BF6AU UT WOS:000382887400019 ER PT S AU Howell, CL Olson, JT AF Howell, Christopher L. Olson, Jeffrey T. BE Holst, GC Krapels, KA TI Investigating binocular summation in human vision using complementary fused external noise SO INFRARED IMAGING SYSTEMS: DESIGN, ANALYSIS, MODELING, AND TESTING XXVII SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Infrared Imaging Systems - Design, Analysis, Modeling, and Testing XXVII CY APR 19-21, 2016 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE contrast threshold detection; binocular summation; visual information fusion ID CONTRAST SENSITIVITY; SPATIAL-FREQUENCY; CHANNELS AB The impact noise has on the processing of visual information at various stages within the human visual system (HVS) is still an open research area. To gain additional insight, twelve experiments were administered to human observers using sine wave targets to determine their contrast thresholds. A single frame of additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) and its complement were used to investigate the effect of noise on the summation of visual information within the HVS. A standard contrast threshold experiment served as the baseline for comparisons. In the standard experiment, a range of sine wave targets are shown to the observers and their ability to detect the targets at varying contrast levels were recorded. The remaining experiments added some form of noise (noise image or its complement) and/or an additional sine wave target separated between one to three octaves to the test target. All of these experiments were tested using either a single monitor for viewing the targets or with a dual monitor presentation method for comparison. In the dual monitor experiments, a ninety degree mirror was used to direct each target to a different eye, allowing for the information to be fused binocularly. The experiments in this study present different approaches for delivering external noise to the HVS, and should allow for an improved understanding regarding how noise enters the HVS and what impact noise has on the processing of visual information. C1 [Howell, Christopher L.; Olson, Jeffrey T.] US Army, RDECOM CERDEC, Night Vis & Elect Sensors Directorate, 10221 Burbeck Rd, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. RP Howell, CL (reprint author), US Army, RDECOM CERDEC, Night Vis & Elect Sensors Directorate, 10221 Burbeck Rd, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0061-4 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9820 AR UNSP 982002 DI 10.1117/12.2224055 PG 13 WC Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BF6AU UT WOS:000382887400001 ER PT S AU Kaur, B Olson, J Flug, EA AF Kaur, Balvinder Olson, Jeff Flug, Eric A. BE Holst, GC Krapels, KA TI Display MTF Measurements Based on Scanning and Imaging Technologies and Its Importance in the Application Space SO INFRARED IMAGING SYSTEMS: DESIGN, ANALYSIS, MODELING, AND TESTING XXVII SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Infrared Imaging Systems - Design, Analysis, Modeling, and Testing XXVII CY APR 19-21, 2016 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE Cathode Ray Tube (CRT); Liquid Crystal Display (LCD); Modulation Transfer function (MTF); Photometer; Microscanner; Imaging Camera AB Measuring the Modulation Transfer Function (MTF) of a display monitor is necessary for many applications such as: modeling end-to-end systems, conducting perception experiments, and performing targeting tasks in real-word scenarios. The MTF of a display defines the resolution properties and quantifies how well the spatial frequencies are displayed on a monitor. Many researchers have developed methods to measure display MTFs using either scanning or imaging devices. In this paper, we first present methods to measure display MTFs using two separate technologies and then discuss the impact of a display MTF on a system's performance. The two measurement technologies were scanning with a photometer and imaging with a CMOS based camera. To estimate a true display MTF, measurements made with the photometer were backed out for the scanning optics aperture. The developed methods were applied to measure MTFs of the two types of monitors, Cathode Ray Tube (CRT) and Liquid Crystal Display (LCD). The accuracy of the measured MTFs was validated by comparing MTFs measured with the two systems. The methods presented here are simple and can be easily implemented employing either a Prichard photometer or an imaging device. In addition, the impact of a display MTF on the end-to-end performance of a system was modeled using NV-IPM. C1 [Kaur, Balvinder; Olson, Jeff; Flug, Eric A.] US Army, RDECOM, CERDEC, NVESD, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. RP Kaur, B (reprint author), US Army, RDECOM, CERDEC, NVESD, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0061-4 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9820 AR UNSP 98200Y DI 10.1117/12.2223960 PG 11 WC Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BF6AU UT WOS:000382887400028 ER PT S AU Kolb, KE Choi, HSS Kaur, B Olson, JT Hill, CF Hutchinson, JA AF Kolb, Kimberly E. Choi, Hee-sue S. Kaur, Balvinder Olson, Jeffrey T. Hill, Clayton F. Hutchinson, James A. BE Holst, GC Krapels, KA TI Digital Imaging and Remote Sensing Image Generator (DIRSIG) as applied to NVESD sensor performance modeling SO INFRARED IMAGING SYSTEMS: DESIGN, ANALYSIS, MODELING, AND TESTING XXVII SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Infrared Imaging Systems - Design, Analysis, Modeling, and Testing XXVII CY APR 19-21, 2016 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE simulated imagery; DIRSIG; NVIPM; virtual prototyping; detection algorithm AB The US Army's Communications Electronics Research, Development & Engineering Center (CERDEC) Night Vision and Electronic Sensors Directorate (referred to as NVESD) is developing a virtual detection, recognition, and identification (DRI) testing methodology using simulated imagery as a means of augmenting the field testing component of sensor performance evaluation, which is expensive, resource intensive, time consuming, and limited to the available target(s) and existing atmospheric visibility and environmental conditions at the time of testing. Existing simulation capabilities such as the Digital Imaging Remote Sensing Image Generator (DIRSIG) and NVESD's Integrated Performance Model Image Generator (NVIPM-IG) can be combined with existing detection algorithms to reduce cost/time, minimize testing risk, and allow virtual/simulated testing using full spectral and thermal object signatures, as well as those collected in the field. NVESD has developed an end-to-end capability to demonstrate the feasibility of this approach. Simple detection algorithms have been used on the degraded images generated by NVIPM-IG to determine the relative performance of the algorithms on both DIRSIG-simulated and collected images. Evaluating the degree to which the algorithm performance agrees between simulated versus field collected imagery is the first step in validating the simulated imagery procedure. C1 [Kolb, Kimberly E.; Choi, Hee-sue S.; Kaur, Balvinder; Olson, Jeffrey T.; Hill, Clayton F.; Hutchinson, James A.] US Army, RDECOM CERCEC, NVESD, 10221 Burbeck Rd, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. RP Kolb, KE (reprint author), US Army, RDECOM CERCEC, NVESD, 10221 Burbeck Rd, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0061-4 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9820 AR UNSP 982019 DI 10.1117/12.2224006 PG 9 WC Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BF6AU UT WOS:000382887400037 ER PT S AU Krapels, K Preece, B Furxhi, O Driggers, R AF Krapels, Keith Preece, Brad Furxhi, Orges Driggers, Ronald BE Holst, GC Krapels, KA TI Hyperhemispheric Multifunction Sensors for Ground Combat Vehicles: Concept Evaluation Using Virtual Prototyping SO INFRARED IMAGING SYSTEMS: DESIGN, ANALYSIS, MODELING, AND TESTING XXVII SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Infrared Imaging Systems - Design, Analysis, Modeling, and Testing XXVII CY APR 19-21, 2016 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE AB As the defense budget reduces and we are asked to do more with less (seems to have been a major theme now for over 10 years), multifunction systems are becoming critical to the future of military EOIR systems. The design of multifunction (MF) sensors is not a well-developed or well-understood discipline. In this paper, we provide an example trade study of a ground combat system hyperhemispheric multifunction system. In addition, we show how concept evaluation can be achieved using a virtual prototyping environment. C1 [Krapels, Keith; Preece, Brad] US Army Night Vis & Elect Sensors Directorate, 10221 Burbeck Rd, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. [Furxhi, Orges; Driggers, Ronald] St Johns Opt Syst, 1130 Business Ctr Dr, Lake Mary, FL USA. RP Krapels, K (reprint author), US Army Night Vis & Elect Sensors Directorate, 10221 Burbeck Rd, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0061-4 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9820 AR UNSP 98200M DI 10.1117/12.2225984 PG 10 WC Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BF6AU UT WOS:000382887400018 ER PT S AU Preece, BL Haefner, D Nehmetallah, G AF Preece, Bradley L. Haefner, David Nehmetallah, Georges BE Holst, GC Krapels, KA TI An Imaging System Detectivity Metric using Energy and Power Spectral Densities SO INFRARED IMAGING SYSTEMS: DESIGN, ANALYSIS, MODELING, AND TESTING XXVII SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Infrared Imaging Systems - Design, Analysis, Modeling, and Testing XXVII CY APR 19-21, 2016 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE ESD; PSD; SNR; Detectivity Metric; NV-IPM; UAV detection; IRST; HFI ID IRST AB The purpose of this paper is to construct a robust modeling framework for imaging systems in order to predict the performance of detecting small targets such as Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs). The underlying principle is to track the flow of scene information and statistics, such as the energy spectra of the target and power spectra of the background, through any number of imaging components. This information is then used to calculate a detectivity metric. Each imaging component is treated as a single linear shift invariant (LSI) component with specified input and output parameters. A component based approach enables the inclusion of existing component-level models and makes it directly compatible with image modeling software such as the Night Vision Integrated Performance Model (NV-IPM). The modeling framework also includes a parallel implementation of Monte Carlo simulations designed to verify the analytic approach. However, the Monte Carlo simulations may also be used independently to accurately model non-linear processes where the analytic approach fails, allowing for even greater extensibility. A simple trade study is conducted comparing the modeling framework to the simulation. C1 [Preece, Bradley L.; Haefner, David] US Army, RDECOM, CERDEC, Night Vis & Elect Sensors Directorate, 10221 Burbeck Rd, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. [Nehmetallah, Georges] Catholic Univ Amer, 620 Michigan,Ave,NE, Washington, DC 20064 USA. RP Preece, BL (reprint author), US Army, RDECOM, CERDEC, Night Vis & Elect Sensors Directorate, 10221 Burbeck Rd, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0061-4 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9820 AR UNSP 98200Q DI 10.1117/12.2223849 PG 16 WC Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BF6AU UT WOS:000382887400021 ER PT S AU Teaney, BP Reynolds, JP AF Teaney, Brian P. Reynolds, Joseph P. BE Holst, GC Krapels, KA TI Reflective band image generation in the Night Vision Integrated Performance Model SO INFRARED IMAGING SYSTEMS: DESIGN, ANALYSIS, MODELING, AND TESTING XXVII SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Infrared Imaging Systems - Design, Analysis, Modeling, and Testing XXVII CY APR 19-21, 2016 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE AB The generation of accurate reflective band imagery is complicated by the intrinsic properties of the scene, target, and camera system. Unlike emissive systems, which can be represented in equivalent temperature given some basic assumptions about target characteristics, visible scenes depend highly on the illumination, reflectivity, and orientation of objects in the scene as well as the spectral characteristics of the imaging system. Once an image has been sampled spectrally, much of the information regarding these characteristics is lost. In order to provide reference scene characteristics to the image processing component, the visible image processor in the Night Vision Integrated Performance Model (NV-IPM) utilizes pristine hyper-spectral data cubes. Using these pristine spectral scenes, the model is able to generate accurate representations of a scene for a given camera system. In this paper we discuss the development of the reflective band image simulation component and various methodologies for collecting or simulating the hyperspectral reference scenes. C1 [Teaney, Brian P.; Reynolds, Joseph P.] US Army, Night Vis & Elect Sensors Directorate, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. RP Teaney, BP (reprint author), US Army, Night Vis & Elect Sensors Directorate, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0061-4 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9820 AR UNSP 982006 DI 10.1117/12.2224730 PG 11 WC Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BF6AU UT WOS:000382887400004 ER PT S AU Teaney, BP Haefner, DP AF Teaney, Brian P. Haefner, David P. BE Holst, GC Krapels, KA TI Measured system component development for the Night Vision Integrated Performance Model (NV-IPM) SO INFRARED IMAGING SYSTEMS: DESIGN, ANALYSIS, MODELING, AND TESTING XXVII SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Infrared Imaging Systems - Design, Analysis, Modeling, and Testing XXVII CY APR 19-21, 2016 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE AB The Night Vision Integrated Performance Model (NV-IPM) introduced a variety of measured system components in version 1.6 of the model. These measured system components enable the characterization of systems based on lab measurements which treat the system as a black-box. This encapsulation of individual component terms into higher level measurable quantities circumvents the need to develop costly, time-consuming measurement techniques for each individual input term. Each of the black-box system components were developed based upon the minimum required system level measurements for a particular type of imaging system. The measured system hierarchy also includes components for cases where a very limited number of measurements are possible. We discuss the development of the measured system components, the transition of lab measurements into model inputs, and any assumptions inherent to this process. C1 [Teaney, Brian P.; Haefner, David P.] US Army, RDECOM CERDEC, Night Vis & Elect Sensors Directorate, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. RP Teaney, BP (reprint author), US Army, RDECOM CERDEC, Night Vis & Elect Sensors Directorate, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0061-4 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9820 AR UNSP 982007 DI 10.1117/12.2224734 PG 11 WC Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BF6AU UT WOS:000382887400005 ER PT J AU Odom, K AF Odom, Katie TI Combating the Suicide Epidemic: The Effects of Leisure Engagement on the Incidence of Depression and Poor Life Satisfaction in Soldiers SO OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY IN MENTAL HEALTH LA English DT Article DE Depression; leisure; life satisfaction; military; suicide ID TIME PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY; MENTAL-HEALTH; RISK-FACTORS; FOLLOW-UP; STRESS; ADOLESCENCE; CAREGIVERS; DISORDERS; VETERANS; STROKE AB This cross-sectional study examined the relationship of leisure engagement to levels of depression and life satisfaction in U.S. Army Soldiers. The relationship between overall time engaging in leisure, as well as categories of physically active and sedentary leisure, on the incidence of depression and poor life satisfaction were examined. Results from self-report survey of 230 soldiers revealed higher amounts of time spent engaged in leisure correlated with reported lower levels of depression and higher life satisfaction. The categories physically active and sedentary leisure did not demonstrate a distinct relationship to levels of depression, but both positively related to life satisfaction. C1 [Odom, Katie] US Army Baylor Univ, Ft Sam Houston, TX USA. RP Odom, K (reprint author), US Army Irwin Army Community Hosp, Dept Surg, 600 Caisson Hill, Ft Riley, KS 66442 USA. EM katie.l.odom3.mil@mail.mil NR 54 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0164-212X EI 1541-3101 J9 OCCUP THER MENT HEAL JI Occup. ther. Ment. Health PY 2016 VL 32 IS 1 BP 70 EP 85 DI 10.1080/0164212X.2015.1082172 PG 16 WC Rehabilitation SC Rehabilitation GA DV8QY UT WOS:000383202800005 ER PT J AU Amorelli, CR AF Amorelli, Catrinna R. TI Psychosocial Occupational Therapy Interventions for Substance-Use Disorders: A Narrative Review SO OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY IN MENTAL HEALTH LA English DT Review DE Intervention; occupational therapy; psychosocial; substance-use disorders ID QUALITY-OF-LIFE; SELF-ESTEEM; PERFORMANCE AB The review was conducted to explore psychosocial interventions for adults with substance-use disorders. A refined literature focus was placed on articles published by occupational therapists, or articles published by an allied health professional, that discussed occupational therapy performing the intervention. Ten articles met inclusion criteria, all focusing on aspects of life skills training. Study results support the professions' ability to enhance functional independence and occupational performance for individuals recovering from substance use. Further, a more controlled investigation is warranted to further define occupational therapy's scope within substance-use disorder treatment. C1 [Amorelli, Catrinna R.] Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Rehabil Med, Sci Occupat Therapy Program, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Amorelli, CR (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Sci Occupat Therapy, 1320 Austin Hwy,Apt 11305, San Antonio, TX 78209 USA. EM catrinna.r.amorelli.mil@mail.mil NR 33 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0164-212X EI 1541-3101 J9 OCCUP THER MENT HEAL JI Occup. ther. Ment. Health PY 2016 VL 32 IS 2 BP 167 EP 184 DI 10.1080/0164212X.2015.1134293 PG 18 WC Rehabilitation SC Rehabilitation GA DV8RF UT WOS:000383203500004 ER PT J AU Brawner, KW Gonzalez, AJ AF Brawner, Keith W. Gonzalez, Avelino J. TI Modelling a learner's affective state in real time to improve intelligent tutoring effectiveness SO THEORETICAL ISSUES IN ERGONOMICS SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Affective learner state; real-time systems; computer-managed Instruction; artificial intelligence; intelligent tutoring systems ID EMOTIONS AB This paper introduces, describes, and evaluates real-time models of affective states of individual learners interacting with Intelligent Tutoring Systems. Computer-based instructors, like human instructors, should use affective information for adapting instruction. This requires an accurate representation of individual learner state during tutoring; however, models described in the literature are generalised and constructed offline. Such total population models have faced validation difficulty with individuals, while individualised models have had difficulties with offline creation and online use. The simultaneous creation and utilisation of an individualised model from sensor-based physiological measurements presents an attractive alternative. We present and evaluate approaches for building affective models during the tutoring session which address the difficulties present in real-time data streams. Additionally, this work examines the impact of occasional direct user query on model quality. The results indicate that individualised real-time model construction is comparable to offline equivalents, yet can be successfully applied in tutoring settings. C1 [Brawner, Keith W.] Army Res Lab, Simulat & Training Technol Ctr, Orlando, FL 32826 USA. [Gonzalez, Avelino J.] Univ Cent Florida, Dept Comp Sci, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. RP Brawner, KW (reprint author), Army Res Lab, Simulat & Training Technol Ctr, Orlando, FL 32826 USA. EM keith.w.brawner.civ@mail.mil NR 57 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 3 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OR14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1463-922X EI 1464-536X J9 THEOR ISS ERGON SCI JI Theor. Iss. Ergon. Sci. PY 2016 VL 17 IS 2 SI SI BP 183 EP 210 DI 10.1080/1463922X.2015.1111463 PG 28 WC Ergonomics SC Engineering GA DV9BG UT WOS:000383233700005 ER PT J AU Reed, A Klimkowski, B AF Reed, Andrew Klimkowski, Benjamin GP IEEE TI Leaky Streams Identifying Variable Bitrate DASH Videos Streamed over Encrypted 802.11n Connections SO 2016 13TH IEEE ANNUAL CONSUMER COMMUNICATIONS & NETWORKING CONFERENCE (CCNC) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 13th IEEE Annual Consumer Communications and Networking Conference (CCNC) CY JAN 06-13, 2016 CL Las Vegas, NV SP IEEE DE privacy; traffic analysis; wireless networks; dynamic adaptive streaming over HTTP AB In recent years, Dynamic Adaptive Streaming over HTTP (DASH) has become the primary method to deliver video on the Internet, with Netflix currently leading the industry. Thus, any method to determine the content of a wireless Netflix stream presents a potential privacy concern for the entire DASH industry. In this paper, we demonstrate that it is possible to identify the Netflix video being streamed over an encrypted 802.11n connection with high accuracy in less than five minutes. Moreover, our technique works in scenarios where it is difficult to capture data frames due to a wireless access point's use of enhancements such as beamforming and multi-input/multi-output transmission. C1 [Reed, Andrew; Klimkowski, Benjamin] US Mil Acad, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, West Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Reed, A (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, West Point, NY 10996 USA. EM andrew.reed@usma.edu; benjamin.klimkowski@usma.edu NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4673-9292-1 PY 2016 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BF5IN UT WOS:000382042200223 ER PT J AU Yao, SC Amin, MT Su, L Hu, SH Li, S Wang, SG Zhao, YR Abdelzaher, T Kaplan, L Aggarwal, C Yener, A AF Yao, Shuochao Amin, Md Tanvir Su, Lu Hu, Shaohan Li, Shen Wang, Shiguang Zhao, Yiran Abdelzaher, Tarek Kaplan, Lance Aggarwal, Charu Yener, Aylin GP IEEE TI Recursive Ground Truth Estimator for Social Data Streams SO 2016 15TH ACM/IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INFORMATION PROCESSING IN SENSOR NETWORKS (IPSN) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 15th ACM/IEEE International Conference on Information Processing in Sensor Networks (IPSN) CY APR 11-14, 2016 CL Vienna, AUSTRIA SP ACM, IEEE AB The paper develops a recursive state estimator for social network data streams that allows exploitation of social networks, such as Twitter, as sensor networks to reliably observe physical events. Recent literature suggested using social networks as sensor networks leveraging the fact that much of the information upload on the former constitutes acts of sensing. A significant challenge identified in that context was that source reliability is often unknown, leading to uncertainty regarding the veracity of reported observations. Multiple truth finding systems were developed to solve this problem, generally geared towards batch analysis of offline datasets. This work complements the present batch approaches by developing an online recursive state estimator that recovers ground truth from streaming data. In this paper, we model physical world state by a set of binary signals (propositions, called assertions, about world state) and the social network as a noisy medium, where distortion, fabrication, omissions, and duplication are introduced. Our recursive state estimator is designed to recover the original binary signal (the true propositions) from the received noisy signal, essentially decoding the unreliable social network output to obtain the best estimate of ground truth in the physical world. Results show that the estimator is both effective and efficient at recovering the original signal with a high degree of accuracy. The estimator gives rise to a novel situation awareness tool that can be used for reliably following unfolding events in real time, using dynamically arriving social network data. C1 [Yao, Shuochao; Amin, Md Tanvir; Hu, Shaohan; Li, Shen; Wang, Shiguang; Zhao, Yiran] Univ Illinois, Dept Comp Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Su, Lu] SUNY Buffalo, Dept Comp Sci & Engn, Buffalo, NY 14260 USA. [Kaplan, Lance] Army Res Labs, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. [Aggarwal, Charu] IBM Res, 101 Route 134 Kitchawan Rd, Yorktown Hts, NY 10598 USA. [Yener, Aylin] Penn State Univ, 121 Elect Engn East, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Yao, SC (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Comp Sci, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. NR 32 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-5090-0802-5 PY 2016 PG 12 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BF4WK UT WOS:000381741700060 ER PT S AU Kahveci, O Overbye, TJ Putnam, NH Soylemezoglu, A AF Kahveci, Onur Overbye, Thomas J. Putnam, Nathan H. Soylemezoglu, Ahmet GP IEEE TI Optimization Framework for Topology Design Challenges in Tactical Smart Microgrid Planning SO 2016 IEEE POWER AND ENERGY CONFERENCE AT ILLINOIS (PECI) SE IEEE Power and Energy Conference at Illinois LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Power and Energy Conference at Illinois (PECI) CY FEB 19-20, 2016 CL Urbana, IL SP IEEE DE Microgrid; forward operating base; optimal power flow; cable layout design; minimum spanning tree; steiner point; graph-theoretic algorithms; clustering methods ID SYSTEMS AB This paper proposes a new optimization framework that generates the optimal cable layout design of a tactical smart microgrid. The minimization function includes power loss and fuel consumption, reliability and graph aesthetic issues are considered as maximization functions. By leveraging multiple technologies and strategies, a design-phase heuristic tool is proposed on the following contributions; (i) apply graph theoretic approaches to minimize the spanning tree of a network and (ii) employ clustering methods to split the network into electro-mechanically stable islands. This paper also proposes an algorithm that takes into accounts for physical restrictions due to geographical land area. To ensure reconfiguration resiliency with respect to the number of terminals, communication reliability throughout the sectionalized network, operation sustainability from the perspective of network protection, the ability of the proposed heuristic tool is demonstrated on one line (full three phase) diagrams by utilizing the alternating Steiner point introduction method to attain the global optimal solution. C1 [Kahveci, Onur; Overbye, Thomas J.] Univ Illinois, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, 1406 W Green St, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Putnam, Nathan H.] US Army, Erdc, CERL, 2902 Newmark Dr, Champaign, IL 61822 USA. [Soylemezoglu, Ahmet] US Army, Erdc, CERL, VFOB, 2902 Newmark Dr, Champaign, IL 61822 USA. RP Kahveci, O (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, 1406 W Green St, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM kahveci2@illinois.edu; overbye@illinois.edu; Nathaniel.H.Putnam@usace.army.mil; ahmet.soylemezoglu@usace.army.mil NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2378-9255 BN 978-1-5090-0261-0 J9 IEEE POWER ENERG CON PY 2016 PG 7 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA BF5KX UT WOS:000382167900054 ER PT S AU Lee, H Kwon, H Robinson, RM Nothwang, WD Marathe, AM AF Lee, Hyungtae Kwon, Heesung Robinson, Ryan M. Nothwang, William D. Marathe, Amar M. GP IEEE TI Dynamic Belief Fusion for Object Detection SO 2016 IEEE WINTER CONFERENCE ON APPLICATIONS OF COMPUTER VISION (WACV 2016) SE IEEE Winter Conference on Applications of Computer Vision LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Winter Conference on Applications of Computer Vision (WACV) CY MAR 07-10, 2016 CL Lake Placid, NY SP IEEE AB A novel approach for the fusion of heterogeneous object detection methods is proposed. In order to effectively integrate the outputs of multiple detectors, the level of ambiguity in each individual detection score is estimated using the precision/recall relationship of the corresponding detector. The main contribution of the proposed work is a novel fusion method, called Dynamic Belief Fusion (DBF), which dynamically assigns probabilities to hypotheses (target, non-target, intermediate state (target or non-target)) based on confidence levels in the detection results conditioned on the prior performance of individual detectors. In DBF, a joint basic probability assignment, optimally fusing information from all detectors, is determined by the Dempster's combination rule, and is easily reduced to a single fused detection score. Experiments on ARL and PASCAL VOC 07 datasets demonstrate that the detection accuracy of DBF is considerably greater than conventional fusion approaches as well as individual detectors used for the fusion. C1 [Lee, Hyungtae; Kwon, Heesung; Robinson, Ryan M.; Nothwang, William D.] US Army, SEDD, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. [Marathe, Amar M.] US Army, HRED, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD USA. RP Lee, H (reprint author), US Army, SEDD, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM htlee@umd.edu; heesung.kwon.civ@mail.mil; ryan.robinson14.ctr@mail.mil; william.d.nothwang@mail.mil; amar.marathe.civ@mail.mil NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2472-6737 BN 978-1-5090-0641-0 J9 IEEE WINT CONF APPL PY 2016 PG 9 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics SC Computer Science; Engineering; Optics GA BF5UY UT WOS:000382670200028 ER PT S AU Riggan, BS Short, NJ Hu, SW AF Riggan, Benjamin S. Short, Nathaniel J. Hu, Shuowen GP IEEE TI Optimal Feature Learning and Discriminative Framework for Polarimetric Thermal to Visible Face Recognition SO 2016 IEEE WINTER CONFERENCE ON APPLICATIONS OF COMPUTER VISION (WACV 2016) SE IEEE Winter Conference on Applications of Computer Vision LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Winter Conference on Applications of Computer Vision (WACV) CY MAR 07-10, 2016 CL Lake Placid, NY SP IEEE ID PARTIAL LEAST-SQUARES; NEURAL-NETWORKS AB A face recognition system capable of day- and night-time operation is highly desirable for surveillance and reconnaissance. Polarimetric thermal imaging is ideal for such applications, as it acquires emitted radiation from skin tissue. However, polarimetric thermal facial imagery must be matched to visible face images for interoperability with existing biometric databases. This work proposes a novel framework for polarimetric thermal-to-visible face recognition, where polarimetric features are optimally combined to facilitate training of a discriminant classifier. We evaluate its performance on imagery collected under different expressions and at different ranges, and compare with recent deep perceptual mapping, coupled neural network, and partial least squares techniques for cross-spectrum face matching. C1 [Riggan, Benjamin S.; Short, Nathaniel J.; Hu, Shuowen] US Army, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. [Short, Nathaniel J.] Booz Allen Hamilton, 8283 Greensboro Dr, Mclean, VA 22102 USA. RP Riggan, BS (reprint author), US Army, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM benjamin.s.riggan.ctr@mail.mil NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2472-6737 BN 978-1-5090-0641-0 J9 IEEE WINT CONF APPL PY 2016 PG 7 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics SC Computer Science; Engineering; Optics GA BF5UY UT WOS:000382670200001 ER PT S AU Nichols, BM Mazzoni, AL Chin, ML Shah, PB Najmaei, S Burke, RA Dubey, M AF Nichols, B. M. Mazzoni, A. L. Chin, M. L. Shah, P. B. Najmaei, S. Burke, R. A. Dubey, M. BE Iacopi, F Boeckl, JJ Jagadish, C TI Advances in 2D Materials for Electronic Devices SO 2D MATERIALS SE Semiconductors and Semimetals LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID FIELD-EFFECT TRANSISTORS; SINGLE-LAYER MOS2; MAXIMUM OSCILLATION FREQUENCY; DER-WAALS HETEROSTRUCTURES; GRAPHENE TRANSISTORS; 2-DIMENSIONAL MATERIALS; BLACK PHOSPHORUS; INTEGRATED-CIRCUITS; MONOLAYER MOS2; COMPLEMENTARY INVERTERS C1 [Nichols, B. M.; Mazzoni, A. L.; Chin, M. L.; Shah, P. B.; Najmaei, S.; Burke, R. A.; Dubey, M.] US Army Res Lab, Sensors & Elect Devices Directorate, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Dubey, M (reprint author), US Army Res Lab, Sensors & Elect Devices Directorate, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 147 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 33 U2 33 PU ELSEVIER ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0080-8784 BN 978-0-12-804337-0; 978-0-12-804272-4 J9 SEMICONDUCT SEMIMET JI Semicond. Sdemimet. PY 2016 VL 95 BP 221 EP 277 DI 10.1016/bs.semsem.2016.03.001 PG 57 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA BF5OX UT WOS:000382403500007 ER PT S AU Korpela, C Root, P Kim, J Wilkerson, S Gadsden, SA AF Korpela, Christopher Root, Philip Kim, Jinho Wilkerson, Stephen Gadsden, S. Andrew BE Henry, DJ Gosian, GJ Lange, DA VonBerg, DL Walls, TJ Young, DL TI A Framework for Autonomous and Continuous Aerial Intelligence, Surveillance, and Reconnaissance Operations SO AIRBORNE INTELLIGENCE, SURVEILLANCE, RECONNAISSANCE (ISR) SYSTEMS AND APPLICATIONS XIII SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Airborne Intelligence, Surveillance, Reconnaissance (ISR) Systems and Applications XIII CY APR 18-19, 2016 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE Unmanned aerial systems; intelligence; surveillance; reconnaissance AB We propose a framework for intelligence, reconnaissance, and surveillance using an aerial vehicle with multiple sensor payloads to provide autonomous and continuous security operations at a fixed location. A control scheme and a graphical user interface between the vehicle and operator is strictly mandated for tasks requiring remote and unattended inspection. By leveraging existing navigation and path planning algorithms, the system can autonomously patrol large areas, automatically recharge when required, and relay on-demand data back to the user. This paper presents recent validation results of the system and its sensors using the proposed framework. C1 [Korpela, Christopher; Root, Philip] US Mil Acad, West Point, NY 10996 USA. [Kim, Jinho; Gadsden, S. Andrew] Univ Maryland Baltimore Cty, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. [Wilkerson, Stephen] US Army Res Lab ARL, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21001 USA. RP Korpela, C (reprint author), US Mil Acad, West Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0069-0 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9828 AR UNSP 982803 DI 10.1117/12.2223350 PG 10 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Optics; Telecommunications GA BF6AT UT WOS:000382886000003 ER PT J AU Maddry, J Garrett, N Boudreau, S Astaneda, M Bebarta, V Boss, G AF Maddry, Joseph Garrett, Normalynn Boudreau, Susan Astaneda, Maria Bebarta, Vikhyat Boss, Gerard TI Intravenous cobinamide successfully rescues swine (Sus Scrofa) in a model of hydrogen sulfide toxicity and apnea SO CLINICAL TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract DE Cobinamide; hydrogen sulfide; resuscitation C1 [Maddry, Joseph; Boudreau, Susan; Astaneda, Maria] US Army Inst Surg Res, Clin Resuscitat Emergency Sci & Toxicol, Ft Sam Houston, TX USA. [Garrett, Normalynn] Joint Base San Antonio Lackland, Clin Resuscitat Emergency Sci & Toxicol, Lackland AFB, TX USA. [Bebarta, Vikhyat] Univ Colorado Denver Anschutz, Aurora, CO USA. [Boss, Gerard] Univ Calif San Diego, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. EM normalynn.garrett.ctr@us.af.mil RI bebarta, vikhyat/K-3476-2015 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OR14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1556-3650 EI 1556-9519 J9 CLIN TOXICOL JI Clin. Toxicol. PY 2016 VL 54 IS 8 MA 9 BP 663 EP 663 PG 1 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA DT2ER UT WOS:000381294100019 ER PT J AU McRae, AM AF McRae, Alex M. TI Case study: A conservative approach to green roof benefit quantification and valuation for public buildings SO ENGINEERING ECONOMIST LA English DT Article ID ENVIRONMENTAL BENEFITS; PERFORMANCE AB The U.S. federal government is routinely making severe spending cuts in an attempt to correct financial instability resulting from overspending. A more recently surfaced avenue of cost savings that is becoming increasingly popular is the implementation of sustainable design. One method of sustainable design or green infrastructure is installing vegetated roofs on top of buildings. Such projects require intensive cost analysis that can be extremely convoluted and difficult to present in a convincing manner. Furthermore, there is minimal guidance or literature that provides a methodology for actually quantifying these financial estimates. This article systematically decomposes decision points and calculations associated with a green roof cost analysis. This hybrid analysis strives to present the inherently specific variables such as region and building size while maintaining the generic representativeness to allow readers to replicate. Specific details are derived from the Southwestern region of the United States and generic values are national averages. A 25-year green roof life cycle is evaluated against a conventional roof to illustrate the economic differences associated with both roof types. This comparison strives to provide the framework for others to follow in their efforts to quantify the economic value of their respective green roof projects. C1 [McRae, Alex M.] US Army, 10101 Warfighter Rd, Ft Carson, CO 80913 USA. RP McRae, AM (reprint author), US Army, 10101 Warfighter Rd, Ft Carson, CO 80913 USA. EM alexmcrae8@gmail.com NR 39 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 7 U2 7 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0013-791X EI 1547-2701 J9 ENG ECON JI Eng. Econ. PY 2016 VL 61 IS 3 BP 190 EP 206 DI 10.1080/0013791X.2016.1186255 PG 17 WC Business; Engineering, Industrial; Management; Operations Research & Management Science SC Business & Economics; Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science GA DV0CX UT WOS:000382586700003 ER PT J AU Farr, JV Faber, IJ Ganguly, A Martin, WA Larson, SL AF Farr, John V. Faber, Isaac J. Ganguly, Anirban Martin, W. Andy Larson, Steven L. TI Simulation-based costing for early phase life cycle cost analysis: Example application to an environmental remediation project SO ENGINEERING ECONOMIST LA English DT Article ID MANAGEMENT; SYSTEMS; DESIGN AB Simulation-based costing (SBC) has been slow to be adopted by the traditional cost estimating community. This can be attributed to many factors, including complexity, how to gather data and develop probabilistic inputs, cost of SBC software, and a lack of understanding of the benefits of developing cost versus risk profiles. This article presents an overview of how SBC can be effectively utilized for early phase life cycle cost (LCC) estimation. A formal process for conducting LCC incorporating SBC is presented not only to provide a structured approach but to also convey to stakeholders how such a study is conducted. This article also presents a case study where total ownership cost versus risk profiles were developed using this proposed process in order to support budgetary and planning considerations for a large environmental remediation project. This research argues that SBC is needed during the concept exploration phase because this is when budgets are often fixed and expectations set. C1 [Farr, John V.; Faber, Isaac J.] US Mil Acad, Dept Syst Engn, Ctr Nation Reconstruct & Capac Dev, Room 403A MaHan Hall, West Point, NY 10996 USA. [Ganguly, Anirban] CUNY, Baruch Coll, Zicklin Sch Business, Dept Management, New York, NY 10021 USA. [Martin, W. Andy; Larson, Steven L.] US Army Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Environm Lab, Vicksburg, MS USA. RP Farr, JV (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Syst Engn, Ctr Nation Reconstruct & Capac Dev, Room 403A MaHan Hall, West Point, NY 10996 USA.; Farr, JV (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Syst Engn, Engn Management, Room 403A MaHan Hall, West Point, NY 10996 USA. EM john.vail.farr@gmail.com NR 41 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0013-791X EI 1547-2701 J9 ENG ECON JI Eng. Econ. PY 2016 VL 61 IS 3 BP 207 EP 222 DI 10.1080/0013791X.2015.1062582 PG 16 WC Business; Engineering, Industrial; Management; Operations Research & Management Science SC Business & Economics; Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science GA DV0CX UT WOS:000382586700004 ER PT J AU Hu, HT Liu, FL Kim, J Ratto-Kim, S AF Hu, Haitao Liu, Fengliang Kim, Jerome Ratto-Kim, Silvia TI HIV Susceptibility of human antigen-specific CD4 T cells in AIDS pathogenesis and vaccine response SO EXPERT REVIEW OF VACCINES LA English DT Review DE HIV vaccine; CD4 T cells; HIV susceptibility; antigen specificity; pathogenesis ID IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS TYPE-1; GAG/POL/NEF VACCINE; RHESUS-MONKEYS; EFFICACY TRIAL; DOUBLE-BLIND; PREFERENTIAL INFECTION; CYTOKINE RESPONSES; HVTN 503/PHAMBILI; RANDOMIZED-TRIAL; SOUTH-AFRICA AB HIV causes infection and progressive depletion of human CD4 T cells. Emerging data have shown that antigen-specific CD4 T-cell subsets manifest differential susceptibility to HIV, potentially leading to pathogen-specific immune failure and opportunistic infections. This concept was recently explored in context of vectors utilized in HIV vaccine trials, and the data suggest that adenovirus type 5(Ad5)-specific CD4 T cells elicited by Ad5-HIV vaccine may be particularly susceptible to HIV, potentially rendering Ad5 vaccine recipients susceptible to HIV acquisition. We here examined recent data regarding the HIV susceptibility of antigen-specific CD4 T cells induced during infection or HIV vaccination and discussed its potential impact on HIV acquisition risk posed by HIV vaccination. C1 [Hu, Haitao; Liu, Fengliang] Univ Texas Med Branch, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Galveston, TX 77555 USA. [Hu, Haitao; Liu, Fengliang] Univ Texas Med Branch, Sealy Ctr Vaccine Dev, Galveston, TX 77555 USA. [Kim, Jerome] Int Vaccine Inst, Seoul, South Korea. [Ratto-Kim, Silvia] Henry M Jackson Fdn, US Mil HIV Res Program, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP Hu, HT (reprint author), Univ Texas Med Branch, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Sealy Ctr Vaccine Dev, MRB 4-142A,301 Univ Blvd, Galveston, TX 77555 USA. EM haihu@UTMB.edu OI Liu, Feng-Liang/0000-0002-5038-5012 FU NIH [R21AI110214]; Robert Mapplethorpe Foundation FX This work was funded by grants from NIH (R21AI110214) and the Robert Mapplethorpe Foundation (to H Hu). The authors have no other relevant affiliations or financial involvement with any organization or entity with a financial interest in or financial conflict with the subject matter or materials discussed in the manuscript apart from those disclosed. NR 77 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 4 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OR14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1476-0584 EI 1744-8395 J9 EXPERT REV VACCINES JI Expert Rev. Vaccines PY 2016 VL 15 IS 6 BP 709 EP 717 DI 10.1586/14760584.2016.1147354 PG 9 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA DV2TF UT WOS:000382773600006 PM 26814372 ER PT S AU Abdelzaher, T Roy, H Wang, SG Giridhar, P Al Amin, T Bowman, EK Kolodny, MA AF Abdelzaher, Tarek Roy, Heather Wang, Shiguang Giridhar, Prasanna Al Amin, Tanvir Bowman, Elizabeth K. Kolodny, Michael A. BE Kolodny, MA Pham, T TI Applying Traditional Signal Processing Techniques to Social Media Exploitation for Situational Understanding SO GROUND/AIR MULTISENSOR INTEROPERABILITY, INTEGRATION, AND NETWORKING FOR PERSISTENT ISR VII SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Ground/Air Multisensor Interoperability, Integration, and Networking for Persistent ISR VII CY APR 18-20, 2016 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE Social networks; signal processing ID EM ALGORITHM AB Signal processing techniques such as filtering, detection, estimation and frequency domain analysis have long been applied to extract information from noisy sensor data. This paper describes the exploitation of these signal processing techniques to extract information from social networks, such as Twitter and Instagram. Specifically, we view social networks as noisy sensors that report events in the physical world. We then present a data processing stack for detection, localization, tracking, and veracity analysis of reported events using social network data. We show using a controlled experiment that the behavior of social sources as information relays varies dramatically depending on context. In benign contexts, there is general agreement on events, whereas in conflict scenarios, a significant amount of collective filtering is introduced by conflicted groups, creating a large data distortion. We describe signal processing techniques that mitigate such distortion, resulting in meaningful approximations of actual ground truth, given noisy reported observations. Finally, we briefly present an implementation of the aforementioned social network data processing stack in a sensor network analysis toolkit, called Apollo. Experiences with Apollo show that our techniques are successful at identifying and tracking credible events in the physical world. C1 [Abdelzaher, Tarek; Wang, Shiguang; Giridhar, Prasanna; Al Amin, Tanvir] Univ Illinois, Dept Comp Sci, Urbana, IL 61802 USA. [Roy, Heather; Bowman, Elizabeth K.; Kolodny, Michael A.] US Army Res Labs, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Abdelzaher, T (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Comp Sci, Urbana, IL 61802 USA. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0072-0 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9831 AR 98310R DI 10.1117/12.2229723 PG 12 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics SC Engineering; Optics GA BF4UA UT WOS:000381708900018 ER PT S AU Anderson, TS AF Anderson, Thomas S. BE Kolodny, MA Pham, T TI Dragon Pulse Information Management System (DPIMS): A unique model-based approach to implementing domain agnostic system of systems and behaviors SO GROUND/AIR MULTISENSOR INTEROPERABILITY, INTEGRATION, AND NETWORKING FOR PERSISTENT ISR VII SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Ground/Air Multisensor Interoperability, Integration, and Networking for Persistent ISR VII CY APR 18-20, 2016 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE DPIMS; GINA; VRDM; ISR; SoS Architecture; Actionable Information; Dynamic Knowledge Management AB The Global Information Network Architecture is an information technology based on Vector Relational Data Modeling, a unique computational paradigm, DoD network certified by USARMY as the Dragon Pulse Information Management System. This network available modeling environment for modeling models, where models are configured using domain relevant semantics and use network available systems, sensors, databases and services as loosely coupled component objects and are executable applications. Solutions are based on mission tactics, techniques, and procedures and subject matter input. Three recent ARMY use cases are discussed a) ISR SoS. b) Modeling and simulation behavior validation. c) Networked digital library with behaviors. C1 [Anderson, Thomas S.] USACE ERDC CRREL, 700 Dyer Rd, Monterey, CA USA. RP Anderson, TS (reprint author), USACE ERDC CRREL, 700 Dyer Rd, Monterey, CA USA. EM tsanders@nps.edu NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0072-0 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9831 AR 98310N DI 10.1117/12.2226035 PG 10 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics SC Engineering; Optics GA BF4UA UT WOS:000381708900015 ER PT S AU Bish, S Rohrer, M Scheffel, P Bennett, K AF Bish, Sheldon Rohrer, Matthew Scheffel, Peter Bennett, Kelly BE Kolodny, MA Pham, T TI Multi-sensor fusion development SO GROUND/AIR MULTISENSOR INTEROPERABILITY, INTEGRATION, AND NETWORKING FOR PERSISTENT ISR VII SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Ground/Air Multisensor Interoperability, Integration, and Networking for Persistent ISR VII CY APR 18-20, 2016 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE sensor fusion; multimodal fusion; Open Standards for Unattended Sensors (OSUS); interoperability AB The U.S. Army Research Laboratory (ARL) and McQ Inc. are developing a generic sensor fusion architecture that involves several diverse processes working in combination to create a dynamic task-oriented, real-time informational capability. Processes include sensor data collection, persistent and observational data storage, and multimodal and multi-sensor fusion that includes the flexibility to modify the fusion program rules for each mission. Such a fusion engine lends itself to a diverse set of sensing applications and architectures while using open-source software technologies. In this paper, we describe a fusion engine architecture that combines multimodal and multi-sensor fusion within an Open Standard for Unattended Sensors (OSUS) framework. The modular, plug-and-play architecture of OSUS allows future fusion plugin methodologies to have seamless integration into the fusion architecture at the conceptual and implementation level. Although beyond the scope of this paper, this architecture allows for data and information manipulation and filtering for an array of applications. C1 [Bish, Sheldon; Rohrer, Matthew; Scheffel, Peter] McQ Inc, 1551 Forbes St, Fredericksburg, VA 22405 USA. [Bennett, Kelly] US Army Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Bish, S (reprint author), McQ Inc, 1551 Forbes St, Fredericksburg, VA 22405 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0072-0 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9831 AR 98310T DI 10.1117/12.2224138 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics SC Engineering; Optics GA BF4UA UT WOS:000381708900019 ER PT S AU Deitz, PH Bray, BE Michaelis, JR AF Deitz, Paul H. Bray, Britt E. Michaelis, James R. BE Kolodny, MA Pham, T TI The Missions & Means Framework as an Ontology SO GROUND/AIR MULTISENSOR INTEROPERABILITY, INTEGRATION, AND NETWORKING FOR PERSISTENT ISR VII SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Ground/Air Multisensor Interoperability, Integration, and Networking for Persistent ISR VII CY APR 18-20, 2016 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE Missions & Means Framework; Military Decision Making Process; Mission Effectiveness; Ontologies; Task Prosecution AB The analysis of warfare frequently suffers from an absence of logical structure for a] specifying explicitly the military mission and b] quantitatively evaluating the mission utility of alternative products and services. In 2003, the Missions & Means Framework (MMF) was developed to redress these shortcomings. The MMF supports multiple combatants, levels of war and, in fact, is a formal embodiment of the Military Decision-Making Process (MDMP). A major effect of incomplete analytic discipline in military systems analyses is that they frequently fall into the category of ill-posed problems in which they are under-specified, under-determined, or under-constrained. Critical context is often missing. This is frequently the result of incomplete materiel requirements analyses which have unclear linkages to higher levels of warfare, system-of-systems linkages, tactics, techniques and procedures, and the effect of opposition forces. In many instances the capabilities of materiel are assumed to be immutable. This is a result of not assessing how platform components morph over time due to damage, logistics, or repair. Though ill-posed issues can be found many places in military analysis, probably the greatest challenge comes in the disciplines of C4ISR supported by ontologies in which formal naming and definition of the types, properties, and interrelationships of the entities are fundamental to characterizing mission success. Though the MMF was not conceived as an ontology, over the past decade some workers, particularly in the field of communication, have labelled the MMF as such. This connection will be described and discussed. C1 [Deitz, Paul H.] US Army, Mat Syst Anal Act, 392 Hopkins Rd, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21007 USA. [Bray, Britt E.] Morris Nelson & Associates, 8920 Treeland Lane, Dayton, OH 45458 USA. [Michaelis, James R.] US Army, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Deitz, PH (reprint author), US Army, Mat Syst Anal Act, 392 Hopkins Rd, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21007 USA. EM paul.h.deitz.civ@mail.mil; britt.bray@mnallc.com; james.r.michaelis2.civ@mail.mil NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0072-0 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9831 AR 983109 DI 10.1117/12.2222203 PG 12 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics SC Engineering; Optics GA BF4UA UT WOS:000381708900006 ER PT S AU Ganger, R Nowicki, M Kovach, J Gregory, T Liss, B AF Ganger, Robert Nowicki, Mark Kovach, Jesse Gregory, Timothy Liss, Brian BE Kolodny, MA Pham, T TI OSUS Sensor Integration in Army Experiments SO GROUND/AIR MULTISENSOR INTEROPERABILITY, INTEGRATION, AND NETWORKING FOR PERSISTENT ISR VII SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Ground/Air Multisensor Interoperability, Integration, and Networking for Persistent ISR VII CY APR 18-20, 2016 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE AB Live sensor data was obtained from an Open Standard for Unattended Sensors (OSUS, formerly Terra Harvest)based system provided by the Army Research Lab (ARL) and fed into the Communications-Electronics Research, Development and Engineering Center (CERDEC) sponsored Actionable Intelligence Technology Enabled Capabilities Demonstration (AI-TECD) Micro Cloud during the E15 demonstration event that took place at Fort Dix, New Jersey during July 2015. This data was an enabler for other technologies, such as Sensor Assignment to Mission (SAM), Sensor Data Server (SDS), and the AI-TECD Sensor Dashboard, providing rich sensor data (including images) for use by the Company Intel Support Team (CoIST) analyst. This paper describes how the OSUS data was integrated and used in the E15 event to support CoIST operations. C1 [Ganger, Robert; Nowicki, Mark] CUBRC, 4455 Genesee St,Suite 106, Buffalo, NY 14225 USA. [Kovach, Jesse; Gregory, Timothy; Liss, Brian] US Army, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Ganger, R (reprint author), CUBRC, 4455 Genesee St,Suite 106, Buffalo, NY 14225 USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0072-0 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9831 AR 983105 DI 10.1117/12.2229409 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics SC Engineering; Optics GA BF4UA UT WOS:000381708900002 ER PT S AU Ganger, R de Mel, G Pham, T Rudnicki, R Schreiber, Y AF Ganger, Robert de Mel, Geeth Pham, Tien Rudnicki, Ronald Schreiber, Yonatan BE Kolodny, MA Pham, T TI Sensor Assignment to Mission in AI-TECD SO GROUND/AIR MULTISENSOR INTEROPERABILITY, INTEGRATION, AND NETWORKING FOR PERSISTENT ISR VII SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Ground/Air Multisensor Interoperability, Integration, and Networking for Persistent ISR VII CY APR 18-20, 2016 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE AB Sensor-mission assignment involves the allocation of sensors and other information-providing resources to missions in order to cover the information needs of the individual tasks within each mission. The importance of efficient and effective means to find appropriate resources for tasks is exacerbated in the coalition context where the operational environment is dynamic and a multitude of critically important tasks need to achieve their collective goals to meet the objectives of the coalition. The Sensor Assignment to Mission (SAM) framework-a research product of the International Technology Alliance in Network and Information Sciences (NIS-ITA) program-provided the first knowledge intensive resource selection approach for the sensor network domain so that contextual information could be used to effectively select resources for tasks in coalition environments. Recently, CUBRC, Inc. was tasked with operationalizing the SAM framework through the use of the I2WD Common Core Ontologies for the Communications-Electronics Research, Development and Engineering Center (CERDEC) sponsored Actionable Intelligence Technology Enabled Capabilities Demonstration (AI-TECD). The demonstration event took place at Fort Dix, New Jersey during July 2015, and this paper discusses the integration and the successful demonstration of the SAM framework within the AI-TECD, lessons learned, and its potential impact in future operations. C1 [Ganger, Robert; Rudnicki, Ronald; Schreiber, Yonatan] CUBRC, 4455 Genesee St,Suite 106, Buffalo, NY 14225 USA. [de Mel, Geeth] IBM Res UK, STFC Daresbury Lab, Warrington, Cheshire, England. [Pham, Tien] US Army, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Ganger, R (reprint author), CUBRC, 4455 Genesee St,Suite 106, Buffalo, NY 14225 USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0072-0 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9831 AR 98310E DI 10.1117/12.2229406 PG 11 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics SC Engineering; Optics GA BF4UA UT WOS:000381708900010 ER PT S AU Moulton, CL Hepp, JJ Harrell, J AF Moulton, Christine L. Hepp, Jared J. Harrell, John BE Kolodny, MA Pham, T TI Commonality Based Interoperability SO GROUND/AIR MULTISENSOR INTEROPERABILITY, INTEGRATION, AND NETWORKING FOR PERSISTENT ISR VII SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Ground/Air Multisensor Interoperability, Integration, and Networking for Persistent ISR VII CY APR 18-20, 2016 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE Common; Interoperability AB What interoperability is and why the Army wants it between systems is easily understood. Enabling multiple systems to work together and share data across boundaries in a co-operative manner will benefit the warfighter by allowing for easy access to previously hard-to-reach capabilities. How to achieve interoperability is not as easy to understand due to the numerous different approaches that accomplish the goal. Commonality Based Interoperability (CBI) helps establish how to achieve the goal by extending the existing interoperability definition. CBI is not an implementation, nor is it an architecture; it is a definition of interoperability with a foundation of establishing commonality between systems. C1 [Moulton, Christine L.] US Army, RDECOM CERDEC Night Vis & Elect Sensors Directora, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. [Hepp, Jared J.; Harrell, John] Oakwood Controls Corp, Glen Rock, PA USA. RP Moulton, CL (reprint author), US Army, RDECOM CERDEC Night Vis & Elect Sensors Directora, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0072-0 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9831 AR 983104 DI 10.1117/12.2229719 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics SC Engineering; Optics GA BF4UA UT WOS:000381708900001 ER PT S AU Toth, S Hughes, W Pham, T Houser, J AF Toth, Susan Hughes, William Pham, Tien Houser, Jeffrey BE Kolodny, MA Pham, T TI ARL PED Efforts at Enterprise Challenge 2016 SO GROUND/AIR MULTISENSOR INTEROPERABILITY, INTEGRATION, AND NETWORKING FOR PERSISTENT ISR VII SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Ground/Air Multisensor Interoperability, Integration, and Networking for Persistent ISR VII CY APR 18-20, 2016 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE PED; Sensor; ISR; Common Operating Picture; WAAS; GMTI; DCGS-A; Coalition; OSUS AB In 2011, the U.S. Army Research Laboratory (ARL) developed a framework for sensor integration and asset discovery. Because this framework continues to be relevant and necessary, ARL will again participate in Enterprise Challenge 2016 to conduct further experimentation and demonstrations. Incorporating an Expeditionary Processing, Exploitation and Dissemination (Ex-PED) model, ARL will demonstrate the utility of tactical wide-area and persistent sensing in a bandwidth constrained environment, with the inclusion of an effective Sensor 3D Common Operating Picture (COP) to enable appropriate sensor management. C1 [Toth, Susan; Hughes, William; Pham, Tien; Houser, Jeffrey] US Army, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. [Hughes, William] Radiance Technol, 350 Wynn Dr, Huntsville, AL 35805 USA. RP Toth, S (reprint author), US Army, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0072-0 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9831 AR 983107 DI 10.1117/12.2229481 PG 10 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics SC Engineering; Optics GA BF4UA UT WOS:000381708900004 ER PT J AU Dick, GO Smith, DH Schad, AN Owens, CS AF Dick, Gary O. Smith, Dian H. Schad, Aaron N. Owens, Chetta S. TI Native aquatic vegetation establishment in the presence of triploid grass carp SO LAKE AND RESERVOIR MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Aquatic plant management; habitat enhancement; herbivore exclosure; herbivory; hydrilla; native aquatic plants; restoration; triploid grass carp ID HYDRILLA-VERTICILLATA AB Balancing techniques used to control nuisance aquatic plants while establishing or preserving beneficial vegetation can be complex. Survival and growth of 10 US native aquatic plant species were examined after transplanting into Hydrilla verticillata infested ponds stocked with 4 triploid grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) densities: control (no fish), low(42 fish per vegetated hectare), medium (77), and high (120). Half of the transplants were protected from grass carp herbivory with exclosures. During the first year establishment phase, individual transplants of most species survived within exclosures, but increased mortality was observed for some species without protection. Unprotected Heteranthera dubia, Potamogeton illinoensis, Eleocharis quadrangulata, and Schoenoplectus pungens did not survive the high density treatment. Two-year post-planting coverages of all species combined outside of protected areas averaged 240 m(2) in controls, 238 m(2) under low density, 179 m(2) under medium density, and 109 m2 under high density treatment. Three categories in terms of species' ability to persist in the presence of grass carp were discerned: (1) highly susceptible to herbivory (Heteranthera dubia and Potamogeton illinoensis); (2) susceptible to herbivory but able to establish and spread up to a maximum grass carp density (Vallisneria americana, Eleocharis quadrangulata, Schoenoplectus pungens, and Schoenoplectus tabernaemontani); and (3) established and spread at all grass carp densities (Nymphaea odorata, Echinodorus cordifolius, Justicia americana, and Pontederia cordata). This study demonstrated that restoring native plant communities may be possible when managing nuisance plant species with grass carp and provided insight into species selection to maximize vegetation establishment efforts. C1 [Dick, Gary O.; Owens, Chetta S.] US Army Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Lewisville Aquat Ecosyst Res Facil, 201 E Jones St, Lewisville, TX 76102 USA. [Smith, Dian H.; Schad, Aaron N.] Univ North Texas, Inst Appl Sci, 1704 W Mulberry St, Denton, TX USA. RP Dick, GO (reprint author), US Army Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Lewisville Aquat Ecosyst Res Facil, 201 E Jones St, Lewisville, TX 76102 USA. EM garydick@laerf.org NR 35 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 8 U2 8 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1040-2381 EI 2151-5530 J9 LAKE RESERV MANAGE JI Lake Reserv. Manag. PY 2016 VL 32 IS 3 BP 225 EP 233 DI 10.1080/10402381.2016.1167147 PG 9 WC Limnology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources GA DU8FB UT WOS:000382447600002 ER PT J AU Estes, SG Germain, J AF Estes, Steven G. Germain, Jesse TI Professional Academic Societies: Stewards of the Future SO QUEST LA English DT Article DE Academic discipline; academic societies; character; stewardship; virtues ID HIGHER-EDUCATION; KINESIOLOGY; 21ST-CENTURY; LEADERSHIP AB Academic disciplines are vulnerable in the 21st century to the forces Barnett called supercomplexity, and we argue that academic societies such as the National Association for Kinesiology in Higher Education are especially well positioned to prepare 21st century scholars to respond to contemporary changes in the disciplines and in institutions of higher education. Academic societies can respond by helping to train scholars to be stewards of their disciplines, and the means by which disciplines will do so is to focus on the character of the scholar through the development and reinforcement of specific virtues. Following the arguments of Plato, Ernest Boyer, and Alasdair MacIntyre, we argue that the development of stewards can help kinesiology respond to contemporary issues. C1 [Estes, Steven G.] Middle Tennessee State Univ, Hlth & Human Performance, Campus Box 96, Murfreesboro, TN 37132 USA. [Germain, Jesse] US Mil Acad, Dept Phys Educ, West Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Estes, SG (reprint author), Middle Tennessee State Univ, Hlth & Human Performance, Campus Box 96, Murfreesboro, TN 37132 USA. EM steven.estes@mtsu.edu NR 15 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0033-6297 EI 1543-2750 J9 QUEST JI Quest PY 2016 VL 68 IS 3 SI SI BP 292 EP 305 DI 10.1080/00336297.2016.1190940 PG 14 WC Education & Educational Research; Sport Sciences SC Education & Educational Research; Sport Sciences GA DV1ME UT WOS:000382684400007 ER PT S AU Adler, E Dietlein, C Hedden, A Martone, A Mitchell, G Zaghloul, A Ranney, K Dogaru, T Gallagher, K Govoni, MA AF Adler, Eric Dietlein, Charles Hedden, Abigail Martone, Anthony Mitchell, Gregory Zaghloul, Amir Ranney, Kenneth Dogaru, Traian Gallagher, Kyle Govoni, Mark A. BE Ranney, KI Doerry, A TI Trends in Radar, a US Army Research Laboratory Perspective SO RADAR SENSOR TECHNOLOGY XX SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Radar Sensor Technology XX CY APR 18-21, 2016 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE radar; cognitive radar; software defined radio; adaptive aperture; reconfigurable hardware AB Today's military radars are being challenged to satisfy multiple mission requirements and operate in complex, dynamic electromagnetic (EM) environments. They are simultaneously constrained by practical considerations like cost, size, weight and power (SWaP), and lifecycle requirements. Tomorrow's radars need to be resilient to changing operating environments and capable of doing more with fewer resources. Radar research supports this shift toward more agile and efficient radar systems, and current trends include modular hardware and software development for multi-purpose, scalable radio frequency (RF) solutions. Software-defined radios (SDRs) and other commercial-off-the-shelf (COTS) technology are being used for flexible waveform generation, signal processing, and nontraditional radar applications. Adaptive RF technology, including apertures and other front-end components, are being developed for multi-purpose functionality and resiliency. Together, these research trends will result in a technology framework for more robust future systems that are capable of implementing cognitive processing techniques and adapting their behavior to meet the demands of a congested and contested EM environment. C1 [Adler, Eric; Dietlein, Charles; Hedden, Abigail; Martone, Anthony; Mitchell, Gregory; Zaghloul, Amir; Ranney, Kenneth; Dogaru, Traian; Gallagher, Kyle] Army Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. [Govoni, Mark A.] US Army, RDECOM CERDEC Intelligence & Informat Warfare Dir, Radar Syst & ID Div, 6003 Combat Dr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21003 USA. RP Adler, E (reprint author), Army Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0070-6 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9829 AR UNSP 98290U DI 10.1117/12.2228478 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Optics; Telecommunications GA BF5QW UT WOS:000382503800025 ER PT S AU Deroba, JC Shi, SY Schuetz, C Prather, D AF Deroba, Joseph C. Shi, Shouyuan Schuetz, Chris Prather, Dennis BE Ranney, KI Doerry, A TI A Novel Photonic Beam-space Receiver for Multi-function Radar SO RADAR SENSOR TECHNOLOGY XX SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Radar Sensor Technology XX CY APR 18-21, 2016 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE Radar; Photonics; Beam-Space; Beam-forming ID SYSTEM; NOISE AB A novel photonic beam-former concept is discussed within the context of traditional Radar design considerations. The beam-former concept has been proven for passive imaging applications1; however, the work presented herein discusses extension of the theory to an active sensing problem space. The paper concentrates on discussion of photonic beamspace beam-forming and its relation to existing Beam-Space array theory and closes with several observations of the application of the photonic beam-space receiver to a simulated radar scenario. The initial results presented highlight the photonic beam-former's ability to generate a full beam space for an arbitrary array size in real-time. C1 [Deroba, Joseph C.] US Army, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. [Deroba, Joseph C.; Shi, Shouyuan; Schuetz, Chris; Prather, Dennis] Univ Delaware, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Evans Hall, Newark, DE 19717 USA. RP Deroba, JC (reprint author), US Army, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA.; Deroba, JC (reprint author), Univ Delaware, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Evans Hall, Newark, DE 19717 USA. NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0070-6 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9829 AR UNSP 982911 DI 10.1117/12.2222555 PG 12 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Optics; Telecommunications GA BF5QW UT WOS:000382503800030 ER PT S AU Dogaru, T Le, C AF Dogaru, Traian Le, Calvin BE Ranney, KI Doerry, A TI Polarization Differences in Airborne Ground Penetrating Radar Performance for Landmine Detection SO RADAR SENSOR TECHNOLOGY XX SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Radar Sensor Technology XX CY APR 18-21, 2016 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE radar signature; radar imaging; radar modeling; computational electromagnetics ID SURFACE SCATTERING AB The U.S. Army Research Laboratory (ARL) has investigated the ultra-wideband (UWB) radar technology for detection of landmines, improvised explosive devices and unexploded ordnance, for over two decades. This paper presents a phenomenological study of the radar signature of buried landmines in realistic environments and the performance of airborne synthetic aperture radar (SAR) in detecting these targets as a function of multiple parameters: polarization, depression angle, soil type and burial depth. The investigation is based on advanced computer models developed at ARL. The analysis includes both the signature of the targets of interest and the clutter produced by rough surface ground. Based on our numerical simulations, we conclude that low depression angles and H-H polarization offer the highest target-to-clutter ratio in the SAR images and therefore the best radar performance of all the scenarios investigated. C1 [Dogaru, Traian; Le, Calvin] US Army Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Dogaru, T (reprint author), US Army Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0070-6 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9829 AR UNSP 98290B DI 10.1117/12.2227877 PG 13 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Optics; Telecommunications GA BF5QW UT WOS:000382503800010 ER PT S AU Gallagher, KA Gregory, JM Martone, AF Sherbondy, KD Narayanan, RM AF Gallagher, Kyle A. Gregory, J. Mazzaro Martone, Anthony F. Sherbondy, Kelly D. Narayanan, Ram M. BE Ranney, KI Doerry, A TI Derivation and Validation of the Nonlinear Radar Range Equation SO RADAR SENSOR TECHNOLOGY XX SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Radar Sensor Technology XX CY APR 18-21, 2016 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE Harmonic radar; nonlinear system model; nonlinear radar range equation; harmonic phase progression ID HARMONIC RADAR; MICROWAVE-FREQUENCIES; INSECT TRACKING; SCATTERERS; SYSTEMS; POWER; TAGS AB The radar range equation for detecting targets using linear radar has been defined and derived many times for many different applications. The nonlinear radar range equation has been defined in the literature but a step by step derivation is lacking and no experimental validation has been shown. This paper starts with a nonlinear system model and provides simulated and experimental validation for the model. Once the model is validated, the model is used to derive the nonlinear radar range equation for nonlinear radar. Key differences between the linear and nonlinear radar range equation will be emphasized. C1 [Gallagher, Kyle A.] Gen Tech Serv, 3100 Route 138 Bldg 3, Wall, NJ 07719 USA. [Gregory, J. Mazzaro] The Citadel, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Charleston, SC 29409 USA. [Martone, Anthony F.; Sherbondy, Kelly D.] US Army Res Lab, Sensors & Electron Devices Directorate, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. [Narayanan, Ram M.] Penn State Univ, Dept Elect Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Gallagher, KA (reprint author), Gen Tech Serv, 3100 Route 138 Bldg 3, Wall, NJ 07719 USA. NR 43 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0070-6 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9829 AR UNSP 98290P DI 10.1117/12.2224478 PG 13 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Optics; Telecommunications GA BF5QW UT WOS:000382503800021 ER PT S AU Kirk, BH Narayanan, RM Martone, AF Sherbondy, KD AF Kirk, Benjamin H. Narayanan, Ram M. Martone, Anthony F. Sherbondy, Kelly D. BE Ranney, KI Doerry, A TI Waveform Design for Cognitive Radar : Target Detection in Heavy Clutter SO RADAR SENSOR TECHNOLOGY XX SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Radar Sensor Technology XX CY APR 18-21, 2016 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE cognitive radar; waveform design; adaptive radar; clutter; clutter suppression; signal to clutter ratio; knowledge-aided radar AB In many applications of radar systems, detection of targets in environments with heavy clutter and interference can be difficult. It is desired that a radar system should detect targets at a further range as well as be able to detect these targets with very few false positive or negative readings. In a cognitive radar system, there are ways that these negative effects can be mitigated and target detection can be significantly improved. An important metric to focus on for increasing target detectability is the signal-to-clutter ratio (SCR). Cognitive radar offers solutions to issues such as this with the use of a priori knowledge of targets and environments as well as real time adaptations. A feature of cognitive radar that is of interest is the ability to adapt and optimize transmitted waveforms to a given situation. A database is used to hold a priori and dynamic knowledge of the operational environment and targets to be detected, such as clutter characteristics and target radar cross-section (RCS) estimations. Assuming this knowledge is available or can be estimated in real-time, the transmitted waveform can be tailored using methods such as transmission of a spectrum corresponding to the target-to-clutter ratio (TCR). These methods provide significant improvement in distinguishing targets from clutter or interference. C1 [Kirk, Benjamin H.; Narayanan, Ram M.] Penn State Univ, Dept Elect Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Martone, Anthony F.; Sherbondy, Kelly D.] US Army Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Kirk, BH (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Elect Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0070-6 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9829 AR UNSP 98290Q DI 10.1117/12.2224477 PG 13 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Optics; Telecommunications GA BF5QW UT WOS:000382503800022 ER PT S AU Mazzarol, GJ McGowan, SF Gallagher, KA Sherbondy, KD Martone, AF Narayanan, RM AF Mazzarol, Gregory J. McGowan, Sean F. Gallagher, Kyle A. Sherbondy, Kelly D. Martone, Anthony F. Narayanan, Ram M. BE Ranney, KI Doerry, A TI Phase Responses of Harmonics Reflected from Radio-Frequency Electronics SO RADAR SENSOR TECHNOLOGY XX SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Radar Sensor Technology XX CY APR 18-21, 2016 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE detection; electronic; harmonic; linear; nonlinear; phase; radar; ranging; stepped-frequency; target AB The phase responses of nonlinear-radar targets illuminated by stepped frequencies are studied. Data is presented for an experimental radar and two commercial electronic targets at short standoff ranges. The amplitudes and phases of harmonics generated by each target at each frequency are captured over a 100-MHz-wide transmit band. As in the authors' prior work, target detection is demonstrated by receiving at least one harmonic of at least one transmit frequency. In the present work, experiments confirm that the phase of a harmonic reflected from a radio-frequency electronic target at a standoff distance is linear versus frequency. Similar to traditional wideband radar, the change of the reflected phase with respect to frequency indicates the range to the nonlinear target. C1 [Mazzarol, Gregory J.] The Citadel, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Mil Coll South Carolina, 171 Moultrie St, Charleston, SC 29409 USA. [McGowan, Sean F.; Gallagher, Kyle A.; Narayanan, Ram M.] Penn State Univ, Dept Elect Engn, 201 Old Main, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Sherbondy, Kelly D.; Martone, Anthony F.] US Army Res Lab, Sensors & Electron Devices Directorate, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Mazzarol, GJ (reprint author), The Citadel, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Mil Coll South Carolina, 171 Moultrie St, Charleston, SC 29409 USA. NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0070-6 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9829 AR UNSP 98290O DI 10.1117/12.2218472 PG 14 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Optics; Telecommunications GA BF5QW UT WOS:000382503800020 ER PT S AU Phelan, BR Ressler, MA Ranney, KI Smith, GD Sherbondy, KD Narayanan, RM AF Phelan, Brian R. Ressler, Marc A. Ranney, Kenneth I. Smith, Gregory D. Sherbondy, Kelly D. Narayanan, Ram M. BE Ranney, KI Doerry, A TI Frequency Notching Effects on GPR Imagery while Operating in Crowded Spectrum Scenarios SO RADAR SENSOR TECHNOLOGY XX SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Radar Sensor Technology XX CY APR 18-21, 2016 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE Ground-Penetrating Radar; Concealed Targets; Spectrum Control; Stepped-Frequency Radar AB Over the past decade, the radio frequency (RF) spectrum in which radar, telecommunication, navigational, and other systems operate has become increasingly crowded. The Army Research Laboratory has developed a Stepped-Frequency Radar (SFR) which can avoid areas of the RF spectrum in which systems are already operating. This allows for mitigation of RF interference (RFI) on the radar, as well as reduction in the interference from the radar that might affect other systems. This paper addresses the impact of frequency notching on GPR imagery, and methods of mitigating negative effects. The SFR operates over 300-2000 MHz, with a minimum frequency step size of 1 MHz. The radar transmits and receives in pulsed intervals, allowing for receiver blanking of close-in targets. The SFR is vehicle mounted and utilizes two dual-polarized transmit (Tx) horn antennas on either side of the receiver (Rx) antenna aperture, which consists of 16 Vivaldi notch antennas (which can be rotated to either H or V polarization). The radar is capable of completing a sweep over its entire operating band in <250 mu sec. Furthermore, the radar is capable of coherently averaging directly on the field programmable gate array (FPGA) in which it digitizes the Rx channels, albeit at the cost of increased data collection time. C1 [Phelan, Brian R.; Narayanan, Ram M.] Penn State Univ, Dept Elect Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Ressler, Marc A.; Ranney, Kenneth I.; Smith, Gregory D.; Sherbondy, Kelly D.] RDRL SER U, Army Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Narayanan, RM (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Elect Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA.; Sherbondy, KD (reprint author), RDRL SER U, Army Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM kelly.d.sherbondy.civ@mail.mil; ram@engr.psu.edu NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0070-6 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9829 AR UNSP 982905 DI 10.1117/12.2224483 PG 15 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Optics; Telecommunications GA BF5QW UT WOS:000382503800004 ER PT S AU Pooler, RK Narayanan, RM Sherbondy, KD Martone, AF Gallagher, KA AF Pooler, Richard K. Narayanan, Ram M. Sherbondy, Kelly D. Martone, Anthony F. Gallagher, Kyle A. BE Ranney, KI Doerry, A TI A Dynamic Spectrum Analysis Solution for the Characterization of the UHF Spectrum SO RADAR SENSOR TECHNOLOGY XX SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Radar Sensor Technology XX CY APR 18-21, 2016 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE Cognitive radar; dynamic spectral sharing (DSS); signal analyzer; spectral opportunity; spectral occupancy ID OCCUPANCY AB The Spectral Analysis Solution (SAS), under development, is a multichannel superheterodyne signal analyzer with the intended applications of radio frequency (RF) research, radar verification, and general purpose spectrum sensing, primarily in the ultra-wideband (UWB) range from ultra high frequency (UHF) to the S-band. The SAS features a wideband channel operating from 100 kHz to 1.8 GHz and eight narrowband channels having adjustable instantaneous bandwidths ranging from 1 MHz to 100 MHz. The wideband channel provides a large picture of the RF spectrum while the narrowband channels allow for high resolution, low noise floor, and high spurious free dynamic range (SFDR) capabilities. An adaptive graphic user interface (GUI) has been implemented for the system that actively pulls and processes the system data in real time. This paper outlines the motivation and theory behind the system along with system validation and implementation results. C1 [Pooler, Richard K.; Narayanan, Ram M.] Penn State Univ, Sch Elect Engn & Comp Sci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Sherbondy, Kelly D.; Martone, Anthony F.] Army Res Lab, Sensors & Elect Devices Directorate, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. [Gallagher, Kyle A.] Gen Tech Serv, Wall, NJ 07719 USA. RP Narayanan, RM (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Sch Elect Engn & Comp Sci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM ram@engr.psu.edu NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0070-6 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9829 AR UNSP 98290R DI 10.1117/12.2224482 PG 9 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Optics; Telecommunications GA BF5QW UT WOS:000382503800023 ER PT S AU Ranney, K Kirose, G Phelan, B Sherbondy, K AF Ranney, Kenneth Kirose, Getachew Phelan, Brian Sherbondy, Kelly BE Ranney, KI Doerry, A TI Fully polarimetric data from the ARL RailSAR SO RADAR SENSOR TECHNOLOGY XX SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Radar Sensor Technology XX CY APR 18-21, 2016 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE AB The U.S. Army Research Laboratory (ARL) has recently upgraded the indoor, rail-mounted synthetic aperture radar (SAR) system, RailSAR, to enable collection of large amounts of low-frequency, ultra-wideband (UWB) data. Our intent is to provide a research tool that is capable of emulating airborne SAR configuration and associated data collection geometries against surrogate explosive hazard threat deployments. By having such a capability, ARL's facility will afford a more rapid response to the ever changing improvised characteristics associated with explosive hazards today and in the future. Therefore, upgrades to this RailSAR tool to improve functionality and performance are needed to meet the potential rapid response assessments to be carried out. The new, lighter RailSAR cart puts less strain on the radar positioning hardware and allows the system to move smoothly along a specified portion of the rail. In previous papers, we have presented co-polarized SAR data collected using the ARL RailSAR. Recently, however, researchers at ARL have leveraged this asset to collect polarimetric data against multiple targets. This paper presents the SAR imagery resulting from these experiments and documents characteristics of certain target signatures that should be of interest to developers of automatic target detection (ATD) algorithms. C1 [Ranney, Kenneth; Kirose, Getachew; Sherbondy, Kelly] US Army, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. [Phelan, Brian] Penn State Univ, State Coll, PA USA. RP Ranney, K (reprint author), US Army, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0070-6 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9829 AR UNSP 98291R DI 10.1117/12.2228851 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Optics; Telecommunications GA BF5QW UT WOS:000382503800054 ER PT S AU Ranney, K Mazzaro, G Gallagher, K Martone, A Sherbondy, K Narayanan, R AF Ranney, Kenneth Mazzaro, Gregory Gallagher, Kyle Martone, Anthony Sherbondy, Kelly Narayanan, Ram BE Ranney, KI Doerry, A TI Instantaneous Stepped-Frequency, Non-Linear Radar, part 2: Experimental Confirmation SO RADAR SENSOR TECHNOLOGY XX SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Radar Sensor Technology XX CY APR 18-21, 2016 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE ID HARMONIC RADAR AB Last year, we presented the theory behind "instantaneous stepped-frequency, non-linear radar". We demonstrated through simulation that certain devices (when interrogated by a multi-tone transmit signal) could be expected to produce a multi-tone output signal near harmonics of the transmitted tones. This hypothesized non-linear (multitone) response was then shown to be suitable for pulse compression via standard stepped-frequency processing techniques. At that time, however, we did not have measured data to support the theoretical and simulated results. We now present laboratory measurements confirming our initial hypotheses. We begin with a brief description of the experimental system, and then describe the data collection exercise. Finally, we present measured data demonstrating the accurate ranging of a non-linear target. C1 [Ranney, Kenneth; Martone, Anthony; Sherbondy, Kelly] US Army, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. [Gallagher, Kyle; Narayanan, Ram] Penn State Univ, State Coll, PA USA. [Mazzaro, Gregory] The Citadel, Charleston, SC 29409 USA. RP Ranney, K (reprint author), US Army, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0070-6 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9829 AR UNSP 98291P DI 10.1117/12.2228473 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Optics; Telecommunications GA BF5QW UT WOS:000382503800052 ER PT J AU Liss, SA Brown, RS Deters, KA Walker, RW Deng, ZD Eppard, MB Townsend, RL Seaburg, AG AF Liss, Stephanie A. Brown, Richard S. Deters, Katherine A. Walker, Ricardo W. Deng, Z. Daniel Eppard, M. Brad Townsend, Richard L. Seaburg, Adam G. TI Mortality, Transmitter Retention, Growth, and Wound Healing in Juvenile Salmon Injected with Micro Acoustic Transmitters SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID CHINOOK SALMON; SWIMMING PERFORMANCE; SUTURE TYPE; SURVIVAL; TAGS; IMPLANTATION; TROUT AB A cylindrical micro acoustic transmitter (AT; weight in air = 0.2 g) has been developed for injection into the peritoneal cavity of fish. Laboratory studies can provide tagging guidelines to minimize the effects of implantation techniques and transmitter burden (transmitter weight expressed as a proportion of fish weight) before use of the AT in field studies. To establish guidelines for minimizing tagging effects, we examined response variables (mortality, transmitter expulsion, growth, and wound healing) for micro AT-injected juvenile Chinook Salmon Oncorhynchus tshawytscha over a wide range of sizes (65-104 mm FL). The overarching goal was to determine a minimum size threshold at which the adverse effects of micro AT injection on fish are minimized. Juveniles (n = 700) were separated into four treatments: (1) AT injection, (2) injection of an AT and a PIT tag (AT+PIT), (3) injection of visible implant elastomer (marked control), and (4) unmarked (true) control. Fish were evaluated once per week for 4 weeks and at the end of the study (60 d posttagging). The AT- and AT+PIT-injected fish experienced greater mortality than marked controls and grew (FL and weight gain) significantly less than marked controls, although no minimum size thresholds were detected. By 60 d posttagging, the transmitter expulsion rate was 44% for AT-injected fish and 20% for AT+PIT-injected fish. However, among the 90-mm and larger fish in the AT treatment, none died or expelled a transmitter. Initial FL significantly affected wound healing for both injection treatments. A size threshold (85.1 mm FL) was identified for AT+PIT-injected fish at 7 d posttagging, indicating that wound areas in fish smaller than 85.1 mm were larger than the wound areas in fish exceeding 85.1 mm. Our results suggest that AT or AT+PIT injection had a greater effect on smaller juvenile Chinook Salmon than on larger fish. C1 [Liss, Stephanie A.; Brown, Richard S.; Deters, Katherine A.; Walker, Ricardo W.; Deng, Z. Daniel] Pacific Northwest Natl Lab, 902 Battelle Blvd, Richland, WA 99354 USA. [Walker, Ricardo W.; Eppard, M. Brad] US Army Corps Engineers, Portland Dist, 333 Southwest 1st Ave 200, Portland, OR 97204 USA. [Townsend, Richard L.; Seaburg, Adam G.] Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, 1325 Fourth Ave,Suite 1820, Seattle, WA 98101 USA. [Seaburg, Adam G.] Genzyme Corp, 2625 162nd St Southwest, Lynnwood, WA 98087 USA. RP Liss, SA (reprint author), Pacific Northwest Natl Lab, 902 Battelle Blvd, Richland, WA 99354 USA. EM stephanie.liss@pnnl.gov RI Deng, Daniel/A-9536-2011 OI Deng, Daniel/0000-0002-8300-8766 FU U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Portland District FX We thank the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Portland District for providing the funding for this research. We are also grateful to Leavenworth National Fish Hatchery (U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service) for providing Chinook Salmon eggs; Tim Linley (PNNL) for assistance in fish husbandry and laboratory use; and Makenzie Daniels, Kris Hand, Amanda Hanson, Brian Jeide, Rachelle Johnson, Jina Kim, Ryan Klett, Sadie Montgomery, Brett Pflugraph, Gabrielle Schuler, John Stephenson, and Lauren Stoot (PNNL) for assisting with data collection. NR 32 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 3 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0002-8487 EI 1548-8659 J9 T AM FISH SOC JI Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. PY 2016 VL 145 IS 5 BP 1047 EP 1058 DI 10.1080/00028487.2016.1176955 PG 12 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA DV2KU UT WOS:000382750200011 ER PT J AU Farhadi, N Parr, SA Mitchell, KN Wolshon, B AF Farhadi, Nafiseh Parr, Scott A. Mitchell, Kenneth N. Wolshon, Brian TI Use of Nationwide Automatic Identification System Data to Quantify Resiliency of Marine Transportation Systems SO TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH RECORD LA English DT Article ID SANCTUARY; METRICS; SPEED AB This paper describes the approach and the results of an ongoing research effort to assess the resilience of port operations following major disasters and other disruptive events. The work presented in this paper used archival data from the U.S. Coast Guard's nationwide automatic identification system to quantify the state of resiliency of coastal navigation systems. Illustrating the experimental methodology are case study examples that assess the disruptions that resulted from a collision in March 2014 in the Houston Ship Channel, Texas, and from Superstorm Sandy in 2012 on the greater Port of New York and New Jersey. The methods and results can be adapted and implemented for quantitatively evaluating levels of port activity following disruptive events and for a better understanding of the factors that lead to more resilient maritime systems. C1 [Farhadi, Nafiseh] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Coll Engn, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Wolshon, Brian] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Coll Engn, Gulf Coast Ctr Evacuat & Transportat Resiliency, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Parr, Scott A.] Calif State Univ Fullerton, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Coll Engn & Comp Sci, 800 North State Coll Blvd, Fullerton, CA 92834 USA. [Mitchell, Kenneth N.] US Army Engineer, Ctr Res & Dev, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Farhadi, N (reprint author), Louisiana State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Coll Engn, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. EM nfarha1@lsu.edu FU University Transportation Center at Louisiana State University FX The authors acknowledge the Gulf Coast Center for Evacuation and Transportation Resiliency, a U.S. Department of Transportation - sponsored University Transportation Center at Louisiana State University and a member of the University of Arkansas Maritime Research and Education Center. The authors also recognize the support of Steve Nerheim of the Houston Galveston Vessel Traffic Service, who helped compile and explain the channel closure data used in the study. NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0361-1981 EI 2169-4052 J9 TRANSPORT RES REC JI Transp. Res. Record PY 2016 IS 2549 BP 9 EP 18 DI 10.3141/2549-02 PG 10 WC Engineering, Civil; Transportation; Transportation Science & Technology SC Engineering; Transportation GA DT4JV UT WOS:000381446900002 ER PT J AU Rodriguez, DD Escobedo, LAT Abdallah, IN Haggerty, B Nazarian, S AF Rodriguez, Danniel D. Escobedo, Luis A. Torres Abdallah, Imad N. Haggerty, Brett Nazarian, Soheil TI Methodology for Determining Performance Life of Hot-Mix Asphalt Mixtures SO TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH RECORD LA English DT Article AB A critical component of the life-cycle cost analysis for staged design and rehabilitation of flexible pavements is to estimate the service lives of various hot-mix asphalt (HMA) mixtures, which in some cases is carried out subjectively. This paper describes a process for using the existing data to develop an objective and data-driven process for estimating the service lives of common BMA mixtures. Spatial information along with construction records and distress and functional condition logs are merged to assess the "cradle-to-grave" service lives and deterioration patterns, statewide or regionally. One of the most challenging steps was linking separate databases to compile a comprehensive pavement performance database. The end result was an online tool that enabled the extraction of HMA service life data and descriptive statistics of several thousand road sections. The probabilistic performance life of each common mix was then estimated through an integrated approach of survivability analysis that considers the historical longevity of mix types, the age of the HMA surface course, distress history based life predictions, field case study life predictions, and department of transportation personnel perceived service lives. The results as applied to Texas data showed bimodal longevity distributions of service life. In general, the mean service life of the analyzed dense-graded mix met or exceeded the mean perceived service life expressed by two dozen pavement engineers statewide. However, a fraction of the projects exhibited shorter lives because of a number of technical and institutional factors. Overall, the proposed methodology proved to be a consistent process when assessing HMA service life. C1 [Rodriguez, Danniel D.] Univ Texas El Paso, Ctr Transportat Infrastruct Syst, 500 West Univ Ave, El Paso, TX 79968 USA. [Rodriguez, Danniel D.] US Army, Geotechn & Struct Lab, Corps Engineers, Engn Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. [Rodriguez, Danniel D.] US Army, Airfields & Pavements Branch, Corps Engineers, Engn Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. [Escobedo, Luis A. Torres; Abdallah, Imad N.; Nazarian, Soheil] Univ Texas El Paso, Ctr Transportat Infrastruct Syst, 500 West Univ Ave, El Paso, TX 79968 USA. [Haggerty, Brett] Texas Dept Transportat, San Antonio Dist Mat & Pavement, 4615 NW Loop 410, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. RP Rodriguez, DD (reprint author), Univ Texas El Paso, Ctr Transportat Infrastruct Syst, 500 West Univ Ave, El Paso, TX 79968 USA.; Rodriguez, DD (reprint author), US Army, Geotechn & Struct Lab, Corps Engineers, Engn Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA.; Rodriguez, DD (reprint author), US Army, Airfields & Pavements Branch, Corps Engineers, Engn Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. EM danniel.d.rodriguez@usace.army.mil FU Texas Department of Transportation FX The authors thank the Texas Department of Transportation for invaluable insight, guidance, and support on this study. The authors also thank many of the district personnel from the Texas Department of Transportation maintenance, construction, and laboratory divisions for assistance with field testing and providing PMS and construction data. NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0361-1981 EI 2169-4052 J9 TRANSPORT RES REC JI Transp. Res. Record PY 2016 IS 2589 BP 110 EP 118 DI 10.3141/2589-12 PG 9 WC Engineering, Civil; Transportation; Transportation Science & Technology SC Engineering; Transportation GA DT1NG UT WOS:000381248800013 ER PT B AU Vasilas, LM Berkowitz, JF AF Vasilas, Lenore M. Berkowitz, Jacob F. BE Vepraskas, MJ Craft, CB TI Identifying Hydric Soils in the Landscape SO WETLAND SOILS: GENESIS, HYDROLOGY, LANDSCAPES, AND CLASSIFICATION, 2ND EDITION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID TRIASSIC CULPEPER BASIN; HYDROLOGY; NUTRIENT; WETLANDS C1 [Vasilas, Lenore M.] Nat Resources Conservat Serv, USDA, Soil Survey Div, Bethesda, MD USA. [Berkowitz, Jacob F.] US Army Corps Engineers, Environm Lab, Vicksburg, MS USA. RP Vasilas, LM (reprint author), Nat Resources Conservat Serv, USDA, Soil Survey Div, Bethesda, MD USA. NR 54 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4398-9800-0; 978-1-4398-9698-3 PY 2016 BP 219 EP 243 PG 25 WC Soil Science; Water Resources SC Agriculture; Water Resources GA BF4SQ UT WOS:000381642700009 ER PT B AU Hurt, GW Noble, CV AF Hurt, G. Wade Noble, Christopher V. BE Vepraskas, MJ Craft, CB TI Delineating Hydric Soils SO WETLAND SOILS: GENESIS, HYDROLOGY, LANDSCAPES, AND CLASSIFICATION, 2ND EDITION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Hurt, G. Wade] Univ Florida, Dept Soil & Water Sci, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Noble, Christopher V.] US Army Corps Engineers, Environm Lab, Vicksburg, MS USA. RP Hurt, GW (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Soil & Water Sci, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. NR 30 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4398-9800-0; 978-1-4398-9698-3 PY 2016 BP 245 EP 273 PG 29 WC Soil Science; Water Resources SC Agriculture; Water Resources GA BF4SQ UT WOS:000381642700010 ER PT B AU Noble, CV Berkowitz, JF AF Noble, Christopher V. Berkowitz, Jacob F. BE Vepraskas, MJ Craft, CB TI Wetland Soils and the Hydrogeomorphic Classification of Wetlands SO WETLAND SOILS: GENESIS, HYDROLOGY, LANDSCAPES, AND CLASSIFICATION, 2ND EDITION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID PRAIRIE-POTHOLE WETLANDS; PAIRED NATURAL WETLANDS; NORTH-CAROLINA; SPARTINA-ALTERNIFLORA; DEPRESSIONAL WETLAND; SPATIAL VARIABILITY; RIVERINE WETLANDS; SLOPE WETLAND; COASTAL-PLAIN; UNITED-STATES C1 [Noble, Christopher V.; Berkowitz, Jacob F.] US Army Corps Engineers, Environm Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39183 USA. RP Noble, CV (reprint author), US Army Corps Engineers, Environm Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39183 USA. NR 135 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4398-9800-0; 978-1-4398-9698-3 PY 2016 BP 393 EP 423 PG 31 WC Soil Science; Water Resources SC Agriculture; Water Resources GA BF4SQ UT WOS:000381642700017 ER PT J AU Rice, V Liu, BX AF Rice, Valerie Liu, Baoxia TI Personal resilience and coping with implications for work. Part I: A review SO WORK-A JOURNAL OF PREVENTION ASSESSMENT & REHABILITATION LA English DT Review DE Trauma; active duty; veteran; training ID POSITIVE ORGANIZATIONAL-BEHAVIOR; COMMUNITY RESILIENCE; PROTECTIVE FACTORS; STRESS; HEALTH; STRATEGIES; PERSPECTIVES; RESOURCES; BURNOUT; EVENTS AB BACKGROUND: Interest in resilience has increased in recent years. The U.S. military focus is on personal health and adaptation following exposure to battle, while the civilian interest centers on adjustments subsequent to disastrous events. Coping skills are also relevant, yet the relationships between coping and resilience are unclear. OBJECTIVE: This brief review examines personal resilience and individual coping strategies, exploring definitions of each, along with their potential relationships to one another. Their potential contributions within a work setting are described. METHODS: A literature review was conducted using search terms of resilience, resiliency, personal resilience, coping and resilient coping. RESULTS: Coping refers to one's using purposeful actions to handle life situations. Coping techniques can be functional or dysfunctional and the situations one copes with may be acute or long term, severe or minor. Resilience refers to positive and functional handling of oneself and ones' life, referring to the ability to recover, recuperate, and regenerate following tragic events. CONCLUSIONS: While coping and resilience are related to one another, they are distinct concepts. Positive coping techniques may contribute to resilience. However, which coping techniques improve resilience, and in what circumstances, are questions for future research. C1 [Rice, Valerie] Army Res Lab, Human Res & Engn Directorate, Army Med Dept Field Element, San Antonio, TX USA. [Liu, Baoxia] DCS Corp, Alexandria, VA USA. RP Rice, V (reprint author), Army Res Lab, HRED AMEDD Field Element, 3250 Koehler Rd,Suite 1099, San Antonio, TX 78234 USA. EM valerie.j.rice.civ@mail.mil FU U.S. Army Research Program Office FX This research was supported by the U.S. Army Research Program Office. NR 81 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU IOS PRESS PI AMSTERDAM PA NIEUWE HEMWEG 6B, 1013 BG AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1051-9815 EI 1875-9270 J9 WORK JI Work PY 2016 VL 54 IS 2 BP 325 EP 333 DI 10.3233/WOR-162300 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DS9RM UT WOS:000381121000009 PM 27232059 ER PT J AU Rice, V Liu, BX AF Rice, Valerie Liu, Baoxia TI Personal resilience and coping Part II: Identifying resilience and coping among US military service members and veterans with implications for work SO WORK-A JOURNAL OF PREVENTION ASSESSMENT & REHABILITATION LA English DT Article DE Positive reframing; self-blame; humor; time-in-service ID POSITIVE EMOTIONS; SUICIDAL IDEATION; BRIEF COPE; STRESS; STRATEGIES; GENDER; ADJUSTMENT; SYMPTOMS; DISORDER; SOLDIERS AB BACKGROUND: U.S. military personnel face challenging situations including frequent deployments, family separations, and exposure to war. Identifying coping strategies used by the most resilient service members and veterans could positively influence military resiliency training programs. OBJECTIVE: The purposes of this paper are to investigate the relationship between coping and resilience among U.S. military active service members and veterans, to identify the coping strategies used by those considered most resilient, and to discuss coping and resilience as they relate to the workplace. METHODS: U.S. military active service members and veterans (N = 191) completed a demographic survey and two self-report questionnaires: The 14-Item Resilience Scale [1] and the Brief COPE [2]. RESULTS: Active duty service members had higher resilience scores than veterans (p < 0.05), but both fell into the moderate range. Coping strategies were not significantly different between the two groups (p > 0.05). Active service members' resilience was predicted by their use of positive reframing and less use of self-blame as coping strategies, accounting for 52.3% of the variance (R-2 = 0.523, F(2, 60) = 32.92, p = 0.000). Veterans' resilience was predicted by longer time-in-service, greater use of humor, and less use of self-blame as coping strategies, explaining 44.8% of the variance (R-2 = 0.448, F(3, 116) = 31.408, p = 0.000). CONCLUSIONS: This research identifies the positive coping strategies, and least-used negative coping strategies, of the U.S. service members and veterans in our study population with higher resilience scores. Incorporating this information into military-or veteran-based resilience training is likely to increase training effectiveness. C1 [Rice, Valerie] Army Res Lab, Human Res & Engn Directorate, Army Med Dept Field Element, San Antonio, TX USA. [Liu, Baoxia] DCS Corp, Alexandria, VA USA. RP Rice, V (reprint author), Army Res Lab, HRED AMEDD Field Element, 3250 Koehler Rd,Suite 1099, San Antonio, TX 78234 USA. EM valerie.j.rice.civ@mail.mil FU U.S. Army Research Program Office FX This research was supported in part by the U.S. Army Research Program Office. Our appreciation is offered to our colleagues Gary L. Boykin, Rebekah L. Tree and Angela D. Jeter. Special thanks are offered to the participants who volunteered their time in order to increase the knowledge-base and assist their fellow service men and women. NR 69 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU IOS PRESS PI AMSTERDAM PA NIEUWE HEMWEG 6B, 1013 BG AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1051-9815 EI 1875-9270 J9 WORK JI Work PY 2016 VL 54 IS 2 BP 335 EP 350 DI 10.3233/WOR-162301 PG 16 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA DS9RM UT WOS:000381121000010 PM 27259181 ER PT S AU Beadie, G Mait, JN Flynn, RA Milojkovic, P AF Beadie, G. Mait, J. N. Flynn, R. A. Milojkovic, P. BE Vizgaitis, JN Andresen, BF Marasco, PL Sanghera, JS Snyder, MP TI Materials Figure of Merit for Achromatic Gradient Index (GRIN) Optics SO ADVANCED OPTICS FOR DEFENSE APPLICATIONS: UV THROUGH LWIR SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Advanced Optics for Defense Applications - UV through LWIR CY APR 17-19, 2016 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE Gradient index optics; GRIN; Optical design; Polymer co-extrusion; Achromats ID REFRACTIVE-INDEX; LENS AB A new figure of merit is developed for ranking pairs of materials as candidates for gradient index (GRIN) optics capable of good color correction. The approach leverages recent work which derives a connection in GRIN lenses between the optical properties of constituent materials and the wavelength dependence of the lens power. We extend the analysis here, the effectiveness of which is evidenced by a simulated f/3 GRIN lens with diffraction-limited performance over the visible spectrum, using the top material pair selected out of a database of >60,000 possible candidates. C1 [Beadie, G.; Flynn, R. A.] US Naval Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Mait, J. N.; Milojkovic, P.] Army Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Beadie, G (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, 4555 Overlook Ave SW, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 4 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0063-8 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9822 AR UNSP 98220Q DI 10.1117/12.2224105 PG 6 WC Optics SC Optics GA BF5NT UT WOS:000382320500024 ER PT S AU Bryant, KR AF Bryant, Kyle R. BE Vizgaitis, JN Andresen, BF Marasco, PL Sanghera, JS Snyder, MP TI Foveated Optics SO ADVANCED OPTICS FOR DEFENSE APPLICATIONS: UV THROUGH LWIR SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Advanced Optics for Defense Applications - UV through LWIR CY APR 17-19, 2016 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE fovea; optics; lens; foveated; design; infrared; imaging AB Foveated imaging can deliver two different resolutions on a single focal plane, which might inexpensively allow more capability for military systems. The following design study results provide starting examples, lessons learned, and helpful setup equations and pointers to aid the lens designer in any foveated lens design effort. Our goal is to put robust sensor in a small package with no moving parts, but still be able to perform some of the functions of a sensor in a moving gimbal. All of the elegant solutions are out (for various reasons). This study is an attempt to see if lens designs can solve this problem and realize some gains in performance versus cost for airborne sensors. We determined a series of design concepts to simultaneously deliver wide field of view and high foveal resolution without scanning or gimbals. Separate sensors for each field of view are easy and relatively inexpensive, but lead to bulky detectors and electronics. Folding and beam-combining of separate optical channels reduces sensor footprint, but induces image inversions and reduced transmission. Entirely common optics provide good resolution, but cannot provide a significant magnification increase in the foveal region. Offsetting the foveal region from the wide field center may not be physically realizable, but may be required for some applications. The design study revealed good general guidance for foveated optics designs with a cold stop. Key lessons learned involve managing distortion, telecentric imagers, matching image inversions and numerical apertures between channels, reimaging lenses, and creating clean resolution zone splits near internal focal planes. C1 [Bryant, Kyle R.] US Army, AMRDEC, Huntsville, AL 35898 USA. RP Bryant, KR (reprint author), US Army, AMRDEC, Huntsville, AL 35898 USA. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0063-8 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9822 AR UNSP 982216 DI 10.1117/12.2231328 PG 11 WC Optics SC Optics GA BF5NT UT WOS:000382320500038 ER PT S AU Gupta, N AF Gupta, Neelam BE Vizgaitis, JN Andresen, BF Marasco, PL Sanghera, JS Snyder, MP TI Acousto-Optic Tunable Filter as a Notch Filter SO ADVANCED OPTICS FOR DEFENSE APPLICATIONS: UV THROUGH LWIR SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Advanced Optics for Defense Applications - UV through LWIR CY APR 17-19, 2016 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE acousto-optic tunable filter; AOTF; TeO2; shortwave infrared; SWIR; tunable; notch filter; imaging ID TELECENTRIC CONFOCAL OPTICS; IMAGING SPECTROMETER; HYPERSPECTRAL IMAGER; PERFORMANCE; ULTRAVIOLET; REGION; CRYSTALS; KDP AB An acousto-optic tunable filter (AOTF) is an all solid-state robust device with no-moving parts that has been used in the development of hyperspectral imagers from the ultraviolet to the longwave infrared. Such a device is developed by bonding a piezoelectric transducer on a specially cut prism in a birefringent crystal. When broadband white light is incident on the prism input facet, two orthogonally polarized diffracted beams at a wavelength with a narrowband bandpass are transmitted. The transmitted wavelength can be tuned by varying the applied radio frequency (RF). This is what is done in a hyperspectral imager. An AOTF can also be used with multiple RFs applied at the same time to diffract a number of different wavelengths. This mode can be exploited to design a tunable optical notch filter where multiple RFs are applied simultaneously such that all wavelength in a specific range can transmit except for a specific wavelength which is notched. We designed an optical system using a TeO2 AOTF with telecentric confocal optics operating in the shortwave infrared (SWIR) with a 16-channel RF driver where both the amplitude and frequency can be controlled independently for each channel. We will discuss the optical system, its characterization and present results obtained. C1 [Gupta, Neelam] US Army Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20817 USA. RP Gupta, N (reprint author), US Army Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20817 USA. NR 43 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0063-8 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9822 AR UNSP 982212 DI 10.1117/12.2224238 PG 11 WC Optics SC Optics GA BF5NT UT WOS:000382320500034 ER PT S AU D'Aries, LJ Miller, SR Robertson, R Singh, B Nagarkar, VV AF D'Aries, Lawrence J. Miller, Stuart R. Robertson, Rob Singh, Bipin Nagarkar, Vivek V. BE Ashok, A Neifeld, MA Gehm, ME TI High Frame-rate Real-time X-ray Imaging of in-situ High Velocity Rifle Bullets SO ANOMALY DETECTION AND IMAGING WITH X-RAYS (ADIX) SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT SPIE Anomaly Detection and Imaging with X-Rays (ADIX) Conference CY APR 19-20, 2016 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE High Frame rate X-ray imaging; high speed scintillator; cineradiography; in-barrel imaging; real-time X-ray imaging AB High frame-rate imaging is a valuable tool for non-destructive evaluation (NDE) as well as for ballistic impact studies (terminal ballistics), in-flight projectile imaging, studies of exploding ordnance and characterization of other high-speed phenomena. Current imaging systems exist for these studies, however, none have the ability to do in-barrel characterization (in-bore ballistics) to image kinetics of the moving projectile BEFORE it exits the barrel. The system uses an intensified high-speed CMOS camera coupled to a specially designed scintillator to serve as the X-ray detector. The X-ray source is a sequentially fired portable pulsed unit synchronized with the detector integration window and is able to acquire 3,600 frames per second (fps) with mega-pixel spatial resolution and up to 500,000 fps with reduced pixel resolution. This paper will discuss our results imaging .30 caliber bullets traveling at similar to 1,000 m/s while still in the barrel. Information on bullet deformation, pitch, yaw and integrity are the main goals of this experimentation. Planned future upgrades for imaging large caliber projectiles will also be discussed. C1 [D'Aries, Lawrence J.] US Army, ARDEC, Picatinny Arsenal, NJ USA. [Miller, Stuart R.; Robertson, Rob; Singh, Bipin; Nagarkar, Vivek V.] Radiat Monitoring Devices Inc, 44 Hunt St, Watertown, MA 02472 USA. RP D'Aries, LJ (reprint author), US Army, ARDEC, Picatinny Arsenal, NJ USA. EM lawrence.j.daries.civ@mail.mil NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0088-1 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9847 AR UNSP 98470G DI 10.1117/12.2220783 PG 6 WC Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Optics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BF5NP UT WOS:000382316600011 ER PT S AU Tahmoush, D Bonial, C AF Tahmoush, David Bonial, Claire BE Sadjadi, FA Mahalanobis, A TI Ontology-Based Improvement to Human Activity Recognition SO AUTOMATIC TARGET RECOGNITION XXVI SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Automatic Target Recognition XXVI CY APR 18-19, 2016 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE AB Human activity recognition has often prioritized low-level features extracted from imagery or video over higher-level class attributes and ontologies because they have traditionally been more effective on small datasets. However, by including knowledge-driven associations between actions and attributes while recognizing the lower-level attributes with their temporal relationships, we can attempt a hybrid approach that is more easily extensible to much larger datasets. We demonstrate a combination of hard and soft features with a comparison factor that prioritizes one approach over the other with a relative weight. We then exhaustively search over the comparison factor to evaluate the performance of a hybrid human activity recognition approach in comparison to the base hard approach at 84% accuracy and the current state-of-the-art. C1 [Tahmoush, David; Bonial, Claire] US Army Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Tahmoush, D (reprint author), US Army Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0085-0 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9844 AR UNSP 98440U DI 10.1117/12.2228335 PG 7 WC Optics SC Optics GA BF5NS UT WOS:000382320100026 ER PT S AU Schramm, HL Hatch, JT Hrabik, RA Slack, WT AF Schramm, Harold L., Jr. Hatch, Jay T. Hrabik, Robert A. Slack, William T. BE Chen, Y Chapman, DC Jackson, JR Chen, D Li, Z Killgore, KJ Phelps, Q Eggleton, MA TI Fishes of the Mississippi River SO FISHERY RESOURCES, ENVIRONMENT, AND CONSERVATION IN THE MISSISSIPPI AND YANGTZE (CHANGJIANG) RIVER BASINS SE American Fisheries Society Symposium LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1st Mississippi-Yangtze River Basin Symposium at the 143rd American-Fisheries-Society Annual Meeting CY SEP 08-12, 2013 CL Little Rock, AR SP Nat Conservancy, Lower Mississippi River Conservat Comm, U S Fish & Wildlife Serv, U S Geolog Survey, Univ Arkansas Pine Bluff ID SMALL-BODIED FISHES; PALLID STURGEON; HABITATS; SYSTEMS; TRAWL AB This chapter provides a listing of fishes known to be present in the Mississippi River from the headwaters at Lake Itasca, Minnesota to the Gulf of Mexico terminus. A total of 188 species are presently known from the Mississippi River, including 3 diadromous species and 17 normative species that have established self-sustaining populations in one or more reaches of the Mississippi River. Species are classified into three relative abundance categories and noted as residents, peripherals, introduced (established nonnatives), or strays (introduced but not established). The diversity of fishes varies longitudinally with 78 species in the reach from the headwaters to St. Anthony Falls; 113 and 105 species in the upper (Upper St. Anthony Lock and Dam to Pool 13) and lower (Pools 14-26) impounded reaches, respectively; and 121 and 136 species in the upper (Missouri River confluence to Ohio River confluence) and lower (Ohio River to the Gulf of Mexico outlet) free-flowing reaches, respectively. Although the composition of the Mississippi River fish fauna has changed little despite more than 80 years of habitat alteration, the extirpation of five species in individual reaches of the river may be a forewarning of a system losing resiliency and indicate the need for habitat conservation and rehabilitation to conserve the biodiversity of North America's largest river. C1 [Schramm, Harold L., Jr.] Mississippi State Univ, US Geol Survey, Mississippi Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Mail Stop 9691, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Hatch, Jay T.] Univ Minnesota, James Ford Bell Museum Nat Hist, 10 Church St SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Hrabik, Robert A.] Missouri Dept Conservat, 2206 West St Joseph St, Perryville, MO 63775 USA. [Slack, William T.] US Army Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Waterways Expt Stn EEA, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Schramm, HL (reprint author), Mississippi State Univ, US Geol Survey, Mississippi Cooperat Fish & Wildlife Res Unit, Mail Stop 9691, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. EM hschramm@usgs.gov NR 53 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER FISHERIES SOC PI BETHESDA PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE, STE 110, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2199 USA SN 0892-2284 BN 978-1-934874-44-8 J9 AM FISH S S JI Am. Fish. Soc. Symp. PY 2016 VL 84 BP 53 EP 77 PG 25 WC Fisheries; Limnology SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA BF4YX UT WOS:000381782500003 ER PT S AU Phelps, QE Baerwaldt, K Chen, DQ Du, H Shen, L Wang, CY Wei, QW Zhang, H Hoover, JJ AF Phelps, Quinton E. Baerwaldt, Kelly Chen, Daqing Du, Hao Shen, Li Wang, Chenyou Wei, Qiwei Zhang, Hui Hoover, Jan Jeffrey BE Chen, Y Chapman, DC Jackson, JR Chen, D Li, Z Killgore, KJ Phelps, Q Eggleton, MA TI Paddlefishes and Sturgeons of the Yangtze and Mississippi Rivers: Status, Biology, and Management SO FISHERY RESOURCES, ENVIRONMENT, AND CONSERVATION IN THE MISSISSIPPI AND YANGTZE (CHANGJIANG) RIVER BASINS SE American Fisheries Society Symposium LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1st Mississippi-Yangtze River Basin Symposium at the 143rd American-Fisheries-Society Annual Meeting CY SEP 08-12, 2013 CL Little Rock, AR SP Nat Conservancy, Lower Mississippi River Conservat Comm, U S Fish & Wildlife Serv, U S Geolog Survey, Univ Arkansas Pine Bluff ID PSEPHURUS-GLADIUS MARTENS; POLYODON-SPATHULA; PALLID STURGEON; SHOVELNOSE STURGEON; ACIPENSER-DABRYANUS; CHINESE PADDLEFISH; LIFE-HISTORY; SCAPHIRHYNCHUS-PLATORYNCHUS; GENETIC DIVERSITY; LAKE STURGEON AB Paddlefishes (Polyodontidae) and sturgeons (Acipenseridae) are taxa of large, ancient fish shared by the Yangtze and Mississippi River basins. In the Yangtze, native Chinese Paddlefish (also known as Chinese Swordfish) Psephurus gladius are functionally extinct and Chinese Sturgeon Acipenser sinensis and Dabry's Sturgeon A. dabryanus are maintained through stocking. In the Mississippi River, native Paddlefish Polyodon spathula are secure, Pallid Sturgeon Scaphirhynchus albus are endangered, Shovelnose Sturgeon S. platorynchus are threatened, and Lake Sturgeon A. fulvescens are locally imperiled, although large robust populations of all these species exist in portions of their ranges. Paddlefishes and sturgeons of both rivers are habitat specialists, mature late in life (>7 years), and do not spawn every year (1 -3 -year intervals). With the exception of the Chinese Sturgeon, populations of all these species can be managed in both rivers through a combination of habitat preservation, habitat restoration, flow regulation, stocking of hatchery -reared fish, and regulation of harvest. C1 [Phelps, Quinton E.] Missouri Dept Conservat, Big Rivers & Wetlands Field Stn, 3815 East Jackson Blvd, Jackson, MO 63755 USA. [Baerwaldt, Kelly] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, Midwest Reg, 1511 47th Ave, Moline, IL 61265 USA. [Chen, Daqing; Du, Hao; Shen, Li; Wang, Chenyou; Wei, Qiwei; Zhang, Hui] Chinese Acad Fishery Sci, Yangtze River Fisheries Res Inst, 8,1st Wudayuan Rd,East Lake Hitech Dev Zone, Wuhan 430223, Hubei, Peoples R China. [Hoover, Jan Jeffrey] US Army Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Phelps, QE (reprint author), Missouri Dept Conservat, Big Rivers & Wetlands Field Stn, 3815 East Jackson Blvd, Jackson, MO 63755 USA. EM quinton.phelps@mdc.mo.gov NR 127 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER FISHERIES SOC PI BETHESDA PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE, STE 110, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2199 USA SN 0892-2284 BN 978-1-934874-44-8 J9 AM FISH S S JI Am. Fish. Soc. Symp. PY 2016 VL 84 BP 93 EP 112 PG 20 WC Fisheries; Limnology SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA BF4YX UT WOS:000381782500005 ER PT S AU Chapman, DC Chen, DQ Hoover, JJ Du, H Phelps, QE Shen, L Wang, CY Wei, QW Zhang, H AF Chapman, Duane C. Chen, Daqing Hoover, Jan Jeffrey Du, Hao Phelps, Quinton E. Shen, Li Wang, Chenyou Wei, Qiwei Zhang, Hui BE Chen, Y Chapman, DC Jackson, JR Chen, D Li, Z Killgore, KJ Phelps, Q Eggleton, MA TI Bigheaded Carps of the Yangtze and Mississippi Rivers: Biology, Status, and Management SO FISHERY RESOURCES, ENVIRONMENT, AND CONSERVATION IN THE MISSISSIPPI AND YANGTZE (CHANGJIANG) RIVER BASINS SE American Fisheries Society Symposium LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1st Mississippi-Yangtze River Basin Symposium at the 143rd American-Fisheries-Society Annual Meeting CY SEP 08-12, 2013 CL Little Rock, AR SP Nat Conservancy, Lower Mississippi River Conservat Comm, U S Fish & Wildlife Serv, U S Geolog Survey, Univ Arkansas Pine Bluff ID LOWER MISSOURI RIVER; INVASIVE ASIAN CARP; SILVER CARP; HYPOPHTHALMICHTHYS-MOLITRIX; INTROGRESSIVE HYBRIDIZATION; PHENOTYPIC PLASTICITY; ARISTICHTHYS-NOBILIS; ILLINOIS RIVER; BASIN; CONSERVATION AB Bighead Carp Hypophthalmichthys nobilis and Silver Carp H. molitrix are native in the Yangtze River and extremely important economically and culturally as food fishes; however, the two species have declined due to overfishing and anthropogenic modifications to hydrology and water quality. Bighead Carp and Silver Carp were imported to North America in the early 1970s, escaped confinement, and have now become undesirable and problematic invasive species. The two carps have become the most abundant fish species in many portions of their invaded range, which continues to expand. We compare the biology, status, and management of these species between their natal range in the Yangtze River and their invaded habitats of the Mississippi River basin. C1 [Chapman, Duane C.] US Geol Survey, Columbia Environm Res Ctr, 4200 New Haven Rd, Columbia, MO 65201 USA. [Chen, Daqing; Du, Hao; Shen, Li; Wang, Chenyou; Wei, Qiwei; Zhang, Hui] Chinese Acad Fishery Sci, Yangtze River Fisheries Res Inst, 8,1st Wudayuan Rd,East Lake Hitech Dev Zone, Wuhan 430223, Hubei, Peoples R China. [Hoover, Jan Jeffrey] US Army Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. [Phelps, Quinton E.] Missouri Dept Conservat, Big Rivers & Wetlands Field Stn, 3815 East Jackson Blvd, Jackson, MO 63755 USA. RP Chapman, DC (reprint author), US Geol Survey, Columbia Environm Res Ctr, 4200 New Haven Rd, Columbia, MO 65201 USA. EM dchapman@usgs.gov NR 71 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 9 U2 9 PU AMER FISHERIES SOC PI BETHESDA PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE, STE 110, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2199 USA SN 0892-2284 BN 978-1-934874-44-8 J9 AM FISH S S JI Am. Fish. Soc. Symp. PY 2016 VL 84 BP 113 EP 126 PG 14 WC Fisheries; Limnology SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA BF4YX UT WOS:000381782500006 ER PT S AU Benjamin, GL Rodgers, AJ Killgore, KJ AF Benjamin, Gretchen L. Rodgers, Angeline J. Killgore, K. Jack BE Chen, Y Chapman, DC Jackson, JR Chen, D Li, Z Killgore, KJ Phelps, Q Eggleton, MA TI Mississippi River Ecosystem Restoration: The Past Forty-Plus Years SO FISHERY RESOURCES, ENVIRONMENT, AND CONSERVATION IN THE MISSISSIPPI AND YANGTZE (CHANGJIANG) RIVER BASINS SE American Fisheries Society Symposium LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 1st Mississippi-Yangtze River Basin Symposium at the 143rd American-Fisheries-Society Annual Meeting CY SEP 08-12, 2013 CL Little Rock, AR SP Nat Conservancy, Lower Mississippi River Conservat Comm, U S Fish & Wildlife Serv, U S Geolog Survey, Univ Arkansas Pine Bluff AB Ecosystem restoration of the Mississippi River main stem has been ongoing since the early 1970s. After the passage of environmental laws in the late 1960s to the early 1970s, private citizens and state and federal natural resource agency managers began to seek programs and funding for restoration and conservation that eventually resulted in mitigation measures of adverse impacts. Environmental-type actions that include the Great River Environmental Action Team, the Avoid and Minimize program, the middle Mississippi River biological opinion, and the lower Mississippi River conservation plan and biological opinion originated from laws or legal action. The Upper Mississippi River Restoration, Navigation and Ecosystem Sustainability Program, Restoring America's Greatest River, and Operation and Maintenance activities, which support system ecological restoration measures, are, to a large extent, done in a cooperative setting to improve the river for multiple benefits. This coalition of agencies and professions has resulted in the application of hundreds of different types of measures to restore form and function to the third largest river in the world. Over the years, dredging and disposal practices have improved in an effort to minimize the impacts from these activities. Lost floodplain islands have been replaced, backwater lakes and channel depths have been recovered, active river flow has been reintroduced to backwaters, and microhabitats for special concern species have been restored, all to recreate broad functional floodplain habitat. Wing-dike and side-channel closure structures have been shortened, notched, or removed to recover flow along the main-channel border and side channels, increasing hydraulic residence time and recovering valuable habitat along with restoring nutrient and sediment assimilation processes the floodplain provides. Field monitoring has shown positive responses from endangered and threatened species, migratory and resident aquatic and wildlife species, abiotic conditions like water quality, and increased use by humans enjoying the benefit of a restored river system. Collectively, this work is some of the most extensive large river restoration in the world, but it only represents a small contribution to what is necessary to maintain a diverse and resilient Mississippi River. The information provided in this chapter provides a basis for continuing restoration efforts that should become a routine part of Mississippi River management. C1 [Benjamin, Gretchen L.] Nature Conservancy, Missouri Chapter Field Off, POB 440400, St Louis, MO 63144 USA. [Rodgers, Angeline J.] US Fish & Wildlife Serv, 6578 Dogwood View Pkwy,Suite A, Jackson, MS 39213 USA. [Killgore, K. Jack] US Army Corps Engineers, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Environm Lab, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Benjamin, GL (reprint author), Nature Conservancy, Missouri Chapter Field Off, POB 440400, St Louis, MO 63144 USA. EM gbenjamin@tnc.org NR 57 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 4 PU AMER FISHERIES SOC PI BETHESDA PA 5410 GROSVENOR LANE, STE 110, BETHESDA, MD 20814-2199 USA SN 0892-2284 BN 978-1-934874-44-8 J9 AM FISH S S JI Am. Fish. Soc. Symp. PY 2016 VL 84 BP 311 EP 350 PG 40 WC Fisheries; Limnology SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA BF4YX UT WOS:000381782500015 ER PT S AU Jiang, LJ Anderson, S Taleb, H Huang, ZRR Zhou, WM AF Jiang, Lingjun Anderson, Stephen Taleb, Hussein Huang, Zhaoran R. Zhou, Weimin BE ChangHasnain, CJ Fattal, D Koyama, F Zhou, W TI Active tunable high contrast meta-structure Si waveguide SO HIGH CONTRAST METASTRUCTURES V SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on High Contrast Metastructures V CY FEB 17-18, 2016 CL San Francisco, CA SP SPIE DE Meta-structure; high contrast; slow light effect; group index; EO modulator AB In this work, we have designed a novel Si based high contrast meta-structure waveguide that has slow light effect as well as phase tunability using p-n junction. The goal is to use such waveguide to design active optical devices such as high frequency modulators and tunable filters for analog RF-photonics or data communication applications. The Si ridge waveguide has a pair of high contrast grating wings adhered to the waveguide core in the center. Grating bars at two sides of the waveguide are doped P and N-type respectively, while a p-n junction region is formed in the middle of the waveguide core. By applying a voltage to bias the p-n junction, one can sweep the free carriers to change the effective index of the waveguide as well as the dispersion property of the grating. This meta-structure Si waveguide has many advantages for designing high frequency optical modulators since the slow light effect can reduce the modulator size, increase the modulation efficiency as well as compensate other nonlinearity factors of the modulator for analog applications. C1 [Jiang, Lingjun; Anderson, Stephen; Huang, Zhaoran R.] Rensselaer Polytech Inst, 110 8th St, Troy, NY 12180 USA. [Taleb, Hussein] Arizona State Univ, 2325 E Rio Salado Pkwy, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Zhou, Weimin] US Army, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Jiang, LJ (reprint author), Rensselaer Polytech Inst, 110 8th St, Troy, NY 12180 USA. NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-62841-992-4 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9757 AR 97570G DI 10.1117/12.2216273 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BF4TW UT WOS:000381698900007 ER PT J AU Por, ED Greene, WA Burke, TA Wang, HC AF Por, Elaine D. Greene, Whitney A. Burke, Teresa A. Wang, Heuy-Ching TI Trichostatin A Inhibits Retinal Pigmented Epithelium Activation in an In Vitro Model of Proliferative Vitreoretinopathy SO JOURNAL OF OCULAR PHARMACOLOGY AND THERAPEUTICS LA English DT Article ID HISTONE DEACETYLASE INHIBITOR; MESENCHYMAL TRANSITION; GROWTH-FACTOR; SUPPRESSES PROLIFERATION; MOUSE MODEL; TGF-BETA; CELLS; ACETYLATION; DISEASES; CANCER AB Purpose: Proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) is a blinding disorder that develops after a retinal tear or detachment. Activation of the retinal pigmented epithelium (RPE) is implicated in PVR; however, the mechanisms leading to enhanced RPE proliferation, migration, and contraction remain largely unknown. This study utilized an in vitro model of PVR to investigate the role of acetylation in RPE activation and its contribution to the progression of this disease. Methods: ARPE-19 cells, primary cultures of porcine RPE, and induced pluripotent stem cell-derived RPE (iPS-RPE) were utilized for cellular and molecular analyses. Cells treated with transforming growth factor beta 2 (TGF beta 2; 10 ng/mL) alone or in the presence of the broad-spectrum histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor, trichostatin A (TSA; 0.1 mu M), were assessed for contraction and migration through collagen contraction and scratch assays, respectively. Western blotting and immunofluorescence analysis were performed to assess alpha-smooth muscle actin (alpha-SMA) and beta-catenin expression after TGF beta 2 treatment alone or in combination with TSA. Results: TGF beta 2 significantly increased RPE cell contraction in collagen matrix and this effect was inhibited in the presence of TSA (0.1 mM). In agreement with these data, immunofluorescence analysis of TSA-treated iPS-RPE wounded monolayers revealed decreased a-SMA as compared with control. Scratch assays to assess wound healing revealed TSA inhibited TGF beta 2-mediated iPS-RPE cell migration. Conclusions: Our findings indicate a role of acetylation in RPE activation. Specifically, the HDAC inhibitor TSA decreased RPE cell proliferation and TGF beta 2-mediated cell contraction and migration. Further investigation of pharmacological compounds that modulate acetylation may hold promise as therapeutic agents for PVR. C1 [Por, Elaine D.; Greene, Whitney A.; Burke, Teresa A.; Wang, Heuy-Ching] US Army Inst Surg Res, Ocular Trauma, 3698 Chambers Pass Ave,Bldg 3610, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Por, ED (reprint author), US Army Inst Surg Res, Ocular Trauma, 3698 Chambers Pass Ave,Bldg 3610, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM elaine.d.por.mil@mail.mil FU U.S. Army Clinical Rehabilitative Medicine Research Program (CRMRP); Military Operational Medicine Research Program (MOMRP) FX This work was supported by the U.S. Army Clinical Rehabilitative Medicine Research Program (CRMRP) and the Military Operational Medicine Research Program (MOMRP). NR 50 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1080-7683 EI 1557-7732 J9 J OCUL PHARMACOL TH JI J. Ocular Pharmacol. Ther. PY 2016 VL 32 IS 7 BP 415 EP 424 DI 10.1089/jop.2016.0038 PG 10 WC Ophthalmology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Ophthalmology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA DU5WT UT WOS:000382285000004 PM 27494828 ER PT S AU Balu, R AF Balu, Radhakrishnan BE Donkor, E Hayduk, M TI Formal verification of communication protocols using quantized Horn clauses SO QUANTUM INFORMATION AND COMPUTATION IX SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Quantum Information and Computation IX CY APR 20-21, 2016 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE ID LOGIC AB The stochastic nature of quantum communication protocols naturally lends itself for expression via probabilistic logic languages. In this work we describe quantized computation using Horn clauses and base the semantics on quantum probability. Turing computable Horn clauses are very convenient to work with and the formalism can be extended to general form of first order languages. Towards this end we build a Hilbert space of H-interpretations and a corresponding non commutative von Neumann algebra of bounded linear operators. We demonstrate the expressive power of the language by casting quantum communication protocols as Horn clauses. C1 [Balu, Radhakrishnan] US Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD USA. RP Balu, R (reprint author), US Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD USA. NR 31 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0114-7 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9873 AR 98730F DI 10.1117/12.2222590 PG 15 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BF4TN UT WOS:000381692900011 ER PT S AU Dasari, VR Sadlier, RJ Prout, R Williams, BP Humble, TS AF Dasari, Venkat R. Sadlier, Ronald J. Prout, Ryan Williams, Brian P. Humble, Travis S. BE Donkor, E Hayduk, M TI Programmable Multi-Node Quantum Network Design and Simulation SO QUANTUM INFORMATION AND COMPUTATION IX SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Quantum Information and Computation IX CY APR 20-21, 2016 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE Quantum communication; quantum networking; programmable networks AB Software-defined networking offers a device-agnostic programmable framework to encode new network functions. Externally centralized control plane intelligence allows programmers to write network applications and to build functional network designs. OpenFlow is a key protocol widely adopted to build programmable networks because of its programmability, flexibility and ability to interconnect heterogeneous network devices. We simulate the functional topology of a multi-node quantum network that uses programmable network principles to manage quantum metadata for protocols such as teleportation, superdense coding, and quantum key distribution. We first show how the OpenFlow protocol can manage the quantum metadata needed to control the quantum channel. We then use numerical simulation to demonstrate robust programmability of a quantum switch via the OpenFlow network controller while executing an application of superdense coding. We describe the software framework implemented to carry out these simulations and we discuss near-term efforts to realize these applications. C1 [Dasari, Venkat R.] US Army Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. [Sadlier, Ronald J.; Prout, Ryan; Williams, Brian P.; Humble, Travis S.] Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Quantum Comp Inst, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Dasari, VR (reprint author), US Army Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. EM venkateswara.r.dasari.civ@mail.mil; humblets@ornl.gov OI Sadlier, Ronald/0000-0003-2922-1125 NR 14 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0114-7 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9873 AR UNSP 98730B DI 10.1117/12.2234697 PG 9 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BF4TN UT WOS:000381692900008 ER PT S AU Stack, DT Kunz, PD Meyer, DH Solmeyer, N AF Stack, Daniel T. Kunz, Paul D. Meyer, David H. Solmeyer, Neal BE Donkor, E Hayduk, M TI Microwave Electric Field Sensing with Rydberg Atoms SO QUANTUM INFORMATION AND COMPUTATION IX SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Quantum Information and Computation IX CY APR 20-21, 2016 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE microwave sensing; electromagnetically-induced transparency; Rydberg atoms AB Atoms form the basis of precise measurement for many quantities (time, acceleration, rotation, magnetic field, etc.). Measurements of microwave frequency electric fields by traditional methods (i.e. engineered antennas) have limited sensitivity and can be difficult to calibrate properly. Highly-excited (Rydberg) neutral atoms have very large electric-dipole moments and many dipole allowed transitions in the range of 1- 500 GHz. It is possible to sensitively probe the electric field in this range using the combination of two quantum interference phenomena: electromagnetically induced transparency and the Autler-Townes effect. This technique allows for very sensitive field amplitude, polarization, and sub-wavelength imaging measurements. These quantities can be extracted by measuring properties of a probe laser beam as it passes through a warm rubidium vapor cell. Thus far, Rydberg microwave electrometry has relied upon the absorption of the probe laser. We report on our use of polarization rotation, which corresponds to the real part of the susceptibility, for measuring the properties of microwave frequency electric fields. Our simulations show that when a magnetic field is present and directed along the optical propagation direction a polarization rotation signal exists and can be used for microwave electrometry. One central advantage in using the polarization rotation signal rather than the absorption signal is that common mode laser noise is naturally eliminated leading to a potentially dramatic increase in signal-to-noise ratio. C1 [Stack, Daniel T.] Mitre Corp, 200 Forrestal Rd, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA. [Kunz, Paul D.; Solmeyer, Neal] US Army Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. [Meyer, David H.] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Stack, DT (reprint author), Mitre Corp, 200 Forrestal Rd, Princeton, NJ 08540 USA. EM dstack@mitre.org; paul.d.kunz.civ@mail.mil NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0114-7 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9873 AR 987306 DI 10.1117/12.2223059 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BF4TN UT WOS:000381692900005 ER PT S AU Shrestha, A Mizuno, G Oduor, P Dutta, AK Dhar, NK Lewis, J AF Shrestha, Anil Mizuno, Genki Oduor, Patrick Dutta, Achyut K. Dhar, Nibir K. Lewis, Jay BE Dhar, NK Dutta, AK TI Flexible Solar Cells based on Curved Surface Nano-pyramids SO ENERGY HARVESTING AND STORAGE: MATERIALS, DEVICES, AND APPLICATIONS VII SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Energy Harvesting and Storage - Materials, Devices, and Applications VII CY APR 19, 2016 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE Light trapping; nanostructures; absorption; solar cells; conversion efficiency; power density ID SILICON; ANTIREFLECTION AB The advent of ultrathin crystalline silicon (c-Si) solar cells has significantly reduced the cost of silicon solar cells by consuming less material. However, the very small thickness of ultrathin solar cells poses a challenge to the absorption of sufficient light to provide efficiency that is competitive to commercial solar cells. Light trapping mechanisms utilizing nanostructure technologies have been utilized to alleviate this problem. Unfortunately, a significant portion of light is still being lost even before entering the solar cells because of reflection. Different kinds of nanostructures have been employed to reduce reflection from solar cells, but reflection losses still prevail. In an effort to reduce reflection loss, we have used an array of modified nanostructures based cones or pyramids with curved sides, which matches the refractive index of air to that of silicon. Moreover, use of these modified nano-pyramids provides a quintic (fifth power) gradient index layer between air and silicon, which significantly reduces reflection. The solar cells made of such nanostructures not only significantly increase conversion efficiency at reduced usage of crystalline silicon material (e.g. thinner), but it also helps to make the c-Si based solar cell flexible. Design and optimization of flexible c-Si solar cell is presented in the paper. C1 [Shrestha, Anil; Mizuno, Genki; Oduor, Patrick; Dutta, Achyut K.] Banpil Photon Inc, Santa Clara, CA 95054 USA. [Dhar, Nibir K.] US Army Night Vis & Elect Sensors Directorate, Ft Belvoir, VA USA. [Lewis, Jay] DARPA Microsyst Technol Off MTO, 675 North Randolph St, Arlington, VA 22203 USA. RP Dutta, AK (reprint author), Banpil Photon Inc, Santa Clara, CA 95054 USA. EM akdutta@banpil.com NR 34 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0106-2 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9865 AR UNSP 986504 DI 10.1117/12.2230447 PG 7 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering; Optics GA BF4WD UT WOS:000381729700002 ER PT S AU Welser, RE Sood, AK Lewis, JS Dhar, NK Wijewarnasuriya, PS AF Welser, Roger E. Sood, Ashok K. Lewis, Jay S. Dhar, Nibir K. Wijewarnasuriya, Priyalal S. BE Dhar, NK Dutta, AK TI High Efficiency Nanostructured Thin Film Solar Cells for Energy Harvesting SO ENERGY HARVESTING AND STORAGE: MATERIALS, DEVICES, AND APPLICATIONS VII SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Energy Harvesting and Storage - Materials, Devices, and Applications VII CY APR 19, 2016 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE AB Thin-film III-V materials are an attractive candidate material for solar energy harvesting devices capable of supplying portable and mobile power in both terrestrial and space environments. Nanostructured quantum well and quantum dot solar cells are being widely investigated as a means of extending infrared absorption and enhancing photovoltaic device performance. In this paper, we will review recent progress on realizing high-voltage InGaAs/ GaAs quantum well solar cells that operate at or near the radiative limit of performance. These high-voltage nanostructured device designs provide a pathway to enhance the performance of existing device technologies, and can also be leveraged for next-generation solar cells. C1 [Welser, Roger E.; Sood, Ashok K.] Magnolia Opt Technol Inc, 52-B Cummings Pk,Suite 314, Woburn, MA 01801 USA. [Lewis, Jay S.] DARPA MTO, 675 North Randolph St, Arlington, VA 22203 USA. [Dhar, Nibir K.] Night Vis & Elect Sensors Directorate, 10221 Burbeck Rd, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. [Wijewarnasuriya, Priyalal S.] Army Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Welser, RE (reprint author), Magnolia Opt Technol Inc, 52-B Cummings Pk,Suite 314, Woburn, MA 01801 USA. EM rwelser@magnoliaoptical.com NR 13 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0106-2 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9865 AR UNSP 986505 DI 10.1117/12.2229652 PG 8 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering; Optics GA BF4WD UT WOS:000381729700003 ER PT S AU Wijewarnasuriya, PS AF Wijewarnasuriya, Priyalal S. BE Dhar, NK Dutta, AK TI Optimization of Material/Device Parameters of CdTe Photovoltaic for Solar Cells Applications SO ENERGY HARVESTING AND STORAGE: MATERIALS, DEVICES, AND APPLICATIONS VII SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Energy Harvesting and Storage - Materials, Devices, and Applications VII CY APR 19, 2016 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE ID EFFICIENCY AB Cadmium telluride (CdTe) has been recognized as a promising photovoltaic material for thin-film solar cell applications due to its near optimum bandgap of similar to 1.5 eV and high absorption coefficient. The energy gap is near optimum for a single-junction solar cell. The high absorption coefficient allows films as thin as 2.5 mu m to absorb more than 98% of the above-bandgap radiation. Cells with efficiencies near 20% have been produced with poly-CdTe materials. This paper examines n/p heterostructure device architecture. The performance limitations related to doping concentrations, minority carrier lifetimes, absorber layer thickness, and surface recombination velocities at the back and front interfaces is assessed. Ultimately, the paper explores device architectures of poly-CdTe and crystalline CdTe to achieve performance comparable to gallium arsenide (GaAs). C1 [Wijewarnasuriya, Priyalal S.] US Army Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Wijewarnasuriya, PS (reprint author), US Army Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM priyalal.s.wijewarnasuriya.civ@mail.mil NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0106-2 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9865 AR UNSP 986503 DI 10.1117/12.2229487 PG 13 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering; Optics GA BF4WD UT WOS:000381729700001 ER PT S AU Choi, KK Allen, SC Wei, Y Sun, JG Olver, KA Fu, RX AF Choi, K. K. Allen, S. C. Wei, Y. Sun, J. G. Olver, K. A. Fu, R. X. BE Andresen, BF Fulop, GF Hanson, CM Norton, PR TI Long wavelength resonator-QWIPs SO INFRARED TECHNOLOGY AND APPLICATIONS XLII SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 42 Conference on Infrared Technology and Applications XLII CY APR 18-21, 2016 CL Baltimore, MA SP SPIE DE QWIP; resonance; FPA; electromagnetic modeling; quantum efficiency AB We are developing resonator-QWIPs for long wavelength applications. Detector pixels with 25 mu m pitch were hybridized to fanout circuits for radiometric measurements. With a moderate doping of 0.5 x 10(18) cm(-3), we achieved a quantum efficiency of 37% and conversion efficiency of 15% in a 1.3 mu m-thick active material and 35% QE and 21% CE in a 0.6 mu m-thick active material. Both detectors are cutoff at 10.5 mu m with a 2 mu m bandwidth. The temperature at which photocurrent equals dark current is about 65 K under F/2 optics. The thicker detector shows a large QE polarity asymmetry due to nonlinear potential drop in the QWIP material layers. C1 [Choi, K. K.; Sun, J. G.; Olver, K. A.; Fu, R. X.] US Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. [Allen, S. C.; Wei, Y.] L3 Commun Cincinnati Elect, Mason, OH 45040 USA. RP Choi, KK (reprint author), US Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM kwong.k.choi.civ@mail.mil NR 5 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0060-7 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9819 AR 981917 DI 10.1117/12.2224313 PG 12 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BF4JD UT WOS:000381071600039 ER PT S AU Schuster, J Tennant, WE Bellotti, E Wijewarnasuriya, PS AF Schuster, J. Tennant, W. E. Bellotti, E. Wijewarnasuriya, P. S. BE Andresen, BF Fulop, GF Hanson, CM Norton, PR TI Analysis of the Auger Recombination Rate in P(+)N(-)n(-)N(-)N HgCdTe Detectors for HOT Applications SO INFRARED TECHNOLOGY AND APPLICATIONS XLII SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 42 Conference on Infrared Technology and Applications XLII CY APR 18-21, 2016 CL Baltimore, MA SP SPIE DE infrared detectors; HgCdTe; heterojunction; numerical simulations; high operating temperatures; Auger recombination ID INFRARED DETECTION; NUMERICAL-ANALYSIS; PHOTODIODES; JUNCTION; ARRAYS AB Infrared (IR) photon detectors must be cryogenically cooled to provide the highest possible performance, usually to temperatures at or below similar to 150 K. Such low operating temperatures (T-op) impose very stringent requirements on cryogenic coolers. As such, there is a constant push in the industry to engineer new detector architectures that operate at higher temperatures, so called higher operating temperature (HOT) detectors. The ultimate goal for HOT detectors is room temperature operation. While this is not currently possibly for photon detectors, significant increases in T-op are nonetheless beneficial in terms of reduced size, weight, power and cost (SWAP-C). The most common HgCdTe IR detector architecture is the P(+)n, heterostructure photodiode (where a capital letter indicates a wide band gap relative to the active layer or "AL"). A variant of this architecture, the P(+)N(-)n(-)N(-)N heterostructure photodiode, should have a near identical photo-response to the P(+)n, heterostructure, but with significantly lower dark diffusion current. The P(+)N(-)n(-)N(-)N heterostructure utilizes a very low doped AL, surrounded on both sides by wide-gap layers. The low doping in the AL, allows the AL to be fully depleted, which drastically reduces the Auger recombination rate in that layer. Minimizing the Auger recombination rate reduces the intrinsic dark diffusion current, thereby increasing T-op. Note when we use the term "recombination rate" for photodiodes, we are actually referring to the net generation and recombination of minority carriers (and corresponding dark currents) by the Auger process. For these benefits to be realized, these devices must be intrinsically limited and well passivated. The focus of this proceeding is on studying the fundamental physics of the intrinsic dark currents in ideal P(+)N(-)n(-)N(-)N heterostructures, namely Auger recombination. Due to the complexity of these devices, specifically the presence of multiple heterojunctions, numerical device modeling techniques must be utilized to predict and understand the device operation, as analytical models do not exist for heterojunction devices. C1 [Schuster, J.; Tennant, W. E.; Wijewarnasuriya, P. S.] US Army Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. [Schuster, J.; Bellotti, E.] Boston Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, 8 St Marys St, Boston, MA 02215 USA. RP Schuster, J (reprint author), US Army Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA.; Schuster, J (reprint author), Boston Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, 8 St Marys St, Boston, MA 02215 USA. OI Schuster, Jonathan/0000-0002-0835-5733 NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0060-7 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9819 AR 98191F DI 10.1117/12.2224383 PG 10 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BF4JD UT WOS:000381071600047 ER PT S AU Zhao, P Reichert, M Ensley, TR Shensky, WM Mott, AG Hagan, DJ Van Stryland, EW AF Zhao, Peng Reichert, Matthew Ensley, Trenton R. Shensky, William M., III Mott, Andrew G. Hagan, David J. Van Stryland, Eric W. BE Vodopyanov, KL Schepler, KL TI Nonlinear refraction dynamics of solvents and gases SO NONLINEAR FREQUENCY GENERATION AND CONVERSION: MATERIALS, DEVICES, AND APPLICATIONS XV SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Nonlinear Frequency Generation and Conversion - Materials, Devices, and Applications XV CY FEB 15-17, 2016 CL San Francisco, CA SP SPIE DE Nonlinear optical materials; Ultrafast nonlinear optics ID BEAM DEFLECTION MEASUREMENT; SIMPLE LIQUIDS; OPTICAL KERR; RAYLEIGH-SCATTERING; ORGANIC-SOLVENTS; SPECTROSCOPY; INDEX; TIME; CS2 AB We present measurements of the temporal and polarization dependence of the nonlinear optical (NLO) response of selected organic solvents using our beam deflection (BD) method. These measurements allow us to separately determine the boundelectronic and nuclear responses which then determines the NLO response function. With this NLO response function the outcome of other experiments such as Z-scan as a function of pulsewidth can be predicted. By performing similar measurements on the gas phase of these solvents we can compare the hyperpolarizabilities in the two phases. C1 [Zhao, Peng; Reichert, Matthew; Ensley, Trenton R.; Hagan, David J.; Van Stryland, Eric W.] Univ Cent Florida, Coll Opt & Photon, CREOL, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. [Reichert, Matthew] Princeton Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Princeton, NJ 08455 USA. [Hagan, David J.; Van Stryland, Eric W.] Univ Cent Florida, Dept Phys, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. [Ensley, Trenton R.; Shensky, William M., III; Mott, Andrew G.] US Army, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Zhao, P (reprint author), Univ Cent Florida, Coll Opt & Photon, CREOL, Orlando, FL 32816 USA. NR 20 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 4 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-62841-966-5 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9731 AR UNSP 97310F DI 10.1117/12.2230485 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Optics SC Materials Science; Optics GA BF5DD UT WOS:000381883700009 ER PT J AU Skalski, JR Weiland, MA Ham, KD Ploskey, GR McMichael, GA Colotelo, AH Carlson, TJ Woodley, CM Eppard, MB Hockersmith, EE AF Skalski, John R. Weiland, Mark A. Ham, Kenneth D. Ploskey, Gene R. McMichael, Geoffrey A. Colotelo, Alison H. Carlson, Thomas J. Woodley, Christa M. Eppard, M. Brad Hockersmith, Eric E. TI Status after 5 Years of Survival Compliance Testing in the Federal Columbia River Power System (FCRPS) SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article ID LOWER GRANITE DAM; INTEGRATED TRANSPONDER TAGS; ACOUSTIC TELEMETRY SYSTEM; CHINOOK SALMON; JUVENILE SALMON; SNAKE RIVER; WASHINGTON; STEELHEAD; BYPASS; PERFORMANCE AB Survival studies of juvenile Pacific salmon Oncorhynchus spp. implanted with acoustic tags have been conducted at hydroelectric dams within the Federal Columbia River Power System in the Columbia and Snake rivers between 2010 and 2014 to assess compliance with the dam passage survival standards stipulated in the 2008 Biological Opinion. For juvenile yearling Chinook Salmon O. tshawytscha and steelhead O. mykiss that migrate downstream in the spring, dam passage survival (defined as survival from the upstream dam face to the tailrace mixing zone) must be >= 96%, and for subyearling Chinook Salmon that migrate downstream in summer, dam passage survival must be >= 93%. Precision requirement stipulates a standard error <= 1.5% (i.e., a 95% confidence interval of +/- 3%). A total of 29 compliance tests have been conducted at six of eight main-stem dams in the Federal Columbia River Power System, using over 109,000 acoustic-tagged salmonid smolts. Of these 29 compliance studies, 23 met the survival standards and 26 met the precision requirements. Of the six dams evaluated to date, individual survival estimates range from 0.9597 to 0.9868 for yearling Chinook Salmon, from 0.9534 to 0.9952 for steelhead, and from 0.9076 to 0.9789 for subyearling Chinook Salmon. Averages across the six dams exceed the survival standards for all three migrant populations. C1 [Skalski, John R.] Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Columbia Basin Res, 1325 Fourth Ave,Suite 1515, Seattle, WA 98101 USA. [Weiland, Mark A.; Ploskey, Gene R.] Pacific Nothwest Natl Lab, POB 241,390 Evergreen Dr, North Bonneville, WA 98639 USA. [Ham, Kenneth D.; McMichael, Geoffrey A.; Colotelo, Alison H.; Carlson, Thomas J.] Pacific Nothwest Natl Lab, 902 Battelle Blvd, Richland, WA 99352 USA. [Woodley, Christa M.] US Army Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. [Eppard, M. Brad] US Army Corps Engineers, POB 2946,333 Southwest First Ave, Portland, OR 97208 USA. [Hockersmith, Eric E.] US Army Corps Engineers, 201 North Third Ave, Walla Walla, WA 99362 USA. RP Skalski, JR (reprint author), Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Columbia Basin Res, 1325 Fourth Ave,Suite 1515, Seattle, WA 98101 USA. EM skalski@uw.edu FU U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Portland District; U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC05-76RL01830]; U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Walla Walla District [W912EF-08-D-004] FX This research was supported by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Portland District, under an interagency agreement with the U.S. Department of Energy, Contract DE-AC05-76RL01830, and the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Walla Walla District, Contract W912EF-08-D-004. We would also like to acknowledge the many dedicated scientists at the Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, the Pacific States Marine Fisheries Commission, the Army Corps of Engineers, and the University of Washington who made these studies possible. NR 34 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 11 U2 11 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0275-5947 EI 1548-8675 J9 N AM J FISH MANAGE JI North Am. J. Fish Manage. PY 2016 VL 36 IS 4 BP 720 EP 730 DI 10.1080/02755947.2016.1165775 PG 11 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA DT7RG UT WOS:000381683600002 ER PT J AU Jiang, RZ Tran, DT McClure, JP AF Jiang, Rongzhong Tran, Dat T. McClure, Joshua P. TI Non-precious Mn1.5Co1.5O4-FeNx/C nanocomposite as a synergistic catalyst for oxygen reduction in alkaline media SO RSC ADVANCES LA English DT Article ID ANION-EXCHANGE MEMBRANE; CONTAINING CARBON-FIBERS; FUEL-CELLS; ENHANCED PERFORMANCE; ACTIVE-SITES; GRAPHENE; ELECTROCATALYSTS; ELECTROREDUCTION; CO3O4; ELECTROLYTE AB In this study we show a method of preparing a high performing catalyst by designing functional nano boundaries in a nanocomposite material. A non-precious nanocomposite material composed of spinel Mn1.5Co1.5O4 nano crystals and FeNx-functioned graphene nano platelets (FeNx/C) was synthesized by an ultrasonic process. The crystal structure and elemental composition of the bimetal oxide were determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). The surface morphology of the Mn1.5Co1.5O4-FeNx/C nanocomposite was characterized with transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM). The catalytic activity for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) was analyzed by an electrochemical method. The enhancement of activity for the ORR at the nanocomposite material is attributed to double synergistic effects from the bimetal particles and the FeNx/C nano sheets. The nanocomposite material is able to catalyze 4-electron oxygen reduction to generate water in alkaline media with a high kinetic rate constant (7.6 x 10(-2) cm s(-1) at 0.7 V vs. reversible hydrogen electrode, RHE). Finally, the activity and stability of the nanocomposite material were compared with that of 40% Pt supported on active carbon (40% Pt/C), which reaches 95% activity and a comparable stability of 40% Pt/C at 0.7 V (vs. RHE). C1 [Jiang, Rongzhong; Tran, Dat T.; McClure, Joshua P.] US Army Res Lab, Sensors & Electron Devices Directorate, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Jiang, RZ (reprint author), US Army Res Lab, Sensors & Electron Devices Directorate, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM Rongzhong.jiang.civ@mail.mil FU U.S. Department of the Army; U.S. Army Materiel Command FX The authors would like to thank Dr Wen-An Chiou and Dr Sz-Chian Liou at University of Maryland for assisting TEM and STEM analyses. Thanks to the U.S. Department of the Army and U.S. Army Materiel Command for supporting this work. NR 42 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 8 U2 8 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 2046-2069 J9 RSC ADV JI RSC Adv. PY 2016 VL 6 IS 73 BP 69167 EP 69176 DI 10.1039/c6ra15040c PG 10 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA DT5HJ UT WOS:000381512600068 ER PT J AU Coburn, WO AF Coburn, William O'Keefe GP IEEE TI Improved Design of an Ultra-Wideband Planar Slot Antenna SO 2016 UNITED STATES NATIONAL COMMITTEE OF URSI NATIONAL RADIO SCIENCE MEETING (USNC-URSI NRSM) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT United-States-National-Committee of URSI National Radio Science Meeting (USNC-URSI NRSM) CY JAN 06-09, 2016 CL Boulder, CO SP URSI, United States Natl Comm AB Planar antenna designs have many advantages such as low-profile, light-weight, and case of fabrication and integration. Here, a planar slot antenna implemented on a thin substrate with coplanar waveguide feed is considered. This paper summarizes a numerical investigation using both frequency and time-domain solvers. The results serve to guide the future analysis of broadband antennas for ground penetrating radars. C1 [Coburn, William O'Keefe] US Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Coburn, WO (reprint author), US Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM william.o.coburn.civ@mail.mil NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4673-8678-4 PY 2016 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BF4WJ UT WOS:000381740500031 ER PT J AU Labib, M Reed, JH Martone, AF Zaghloul, AI AF Labib, Mina Reed, Jeffrey H. Martone, Anothony F. Zaghloul, Amir I. GP IEEE TI Coexistence between Radar and LTE-U Systems: Survey on the 5 GHz Band SO 2016 UNITED STATES NATIONAL COMMITTEE OF URSI NATIONAL RADIO SCIENCE MEETING (USNC-URSI NRSM) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT United-States-National-Committee of URSI National Radio Science Meeting (USNC-URSI NRSM) CY JAN 06-09, 2016 CL Boulder, CO SP URSI, United States Natl Comm AB LTE (Long Term Evolution) technology is unarguably becoming the primary standard for 4G cellular networks. But due to the tremendous growth in data traffic, LTE for Unlicensed Spectrum (LTE-U) has been proposed to allow cellular network operators to meet such high demands in data traffic. The initial studies for the choice of the unlicensed frequency bands for LTE-U suggested using the 5 GHz frequency hand. The 5 GHz band is mainly occupied by different radar systems and by the 802.11 technology (Wi-Fi). There are different regulations imposed by the Federal Communication Commission (FCC) for each sub band of the 5 GHz band to allow fair spectrum sharing. In this paper, we present a survey about the RF regulations and the different radar types within the different sub-bands of the 5 GHz hand and we introduce the major approaches for spectrum sharing techniques. C1 [Labib, Mina; Reed, Jeffrey H.; Zaghloul, Amir I.] Virginia Tech, Bradley Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Wireless VT, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. [Martone, Anothony F.; Zaghloul, Amir I.] US Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD USA. RP Labib, M (reprint author), Virginia Tech, Bradley Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Wireless VT, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. EM mlabib@vt.edu; reedjh@vt.edu; anthony.f.martone.civ@mail.mil; amir.i.zaghloul.civ@mail.mil NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4673-8678-4 PY 2016 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BF4WJ UT WOS:000381740500033 ER PT J AU Sandoz-Rosado, E Beaudet, TD Balu, R Wetzel, ED AF Sandoz-Rosado, E. Beaudet, T. D. Balu, R. Wetzel, E. D. TI Designing molecular structure to achieve ductile fracture behavior in a stiff and strong 2D polymer, "graphylene" SO NANOSCALE LA English DT Article ID MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; GRAIN-BOUNDARIES; GRAPHENE; STRENGTH; DENSITY; CRACKS AB As the simplest two-dimensional (2D) polymer, graphene has immensely high intrinsic strength and elastic stiffness but has limited toughness due to brittle fracture. We use atomistic simulations to explore a new class of graphene/polyethylene hybrid 2D polymer, "graphylene", that exhibits ductile fracture mechanisms and has a higher fracture toughness and flaw tolerance than graphene. A specific configuration of this 2D polymer hybrid, denoted "GrE-2" for the two-carbon-long ethylene chains connecting benzene rings in the inherent framework, is prioritized for study. MD simulations of crack propagation show that the energy release rate to propagate a crack in GrE-2 is twice that of graphene. We also demonstrate that GrE-2 exhibits delocalized failure and other energy-dissipating fracture mechanisms such as crack branching and bridging. These results demonstrate that 2D polymers can be uniquely tailored to achieve a balance of fracture toughness with mechanical stiffness and strength. C1 [Sandoz-Rosado, E.; Beaudet, T. D.; Wetzel, E. D.] Army Res Lab, 4600 Deer Creek Loop, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. [Balu, R.] Army Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD USA. RP Wetzel, ED (reprint author), Army Res Lab, 4600 Deer Creek Loop, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. EM eric.d.wetzel2.civ@mail.mil NR 35 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 5 U2 5 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 2040-3364 EI 2040-3372 J9 NANOSCALE JI Nanoscale PY 2016 VL 8 IS 21 BP 10947 EP 10955 DI 10.1039/c5nr07742g PG 9 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA DS6JN UT WOS:000380888200012 PM 26996950 ER PT S AU Tillinghast, RC Petersen, EA Ur, AR AF Tillinghast, Ralph C. Petersen, Edward A. Ur, Anthony R. GP IEEE TI Alternating Learning Methods to Construct K-12 STEM Outreach: Invention and Innovation Workshop Case Study SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 6TH IEEE INTEGRATED STEM EDUCATION CONFERENCE SE Integrated STEM Education Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 6th IEEE Integrated STEM Education Conference (ISEC) CY MAR 05, 2016 CL Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ SP IEEE, AT & T, Sci Cosmos, MathWorks, Univ Cincinnati, Univ Waterloo, IEEE Reg 1, IEEE Princeton Cent Jersey Sect, IEEE Educ Soc HO Princeton Univ DE Active Learning; Classroom; Education, Engineer; Invention; Innovation; Science; STEM; STEaM; Outreach; Picatinny Arsenal; Volunteering; Workshops AB Conducting STEM outreach workshops in K12 classrooms has been found to be an effective method to inspire young minds in these critical areas. This paper looks to see how utilizing different teaching methods can be used to optimize STEM outreach workshops. This is accomplished by presenting findings based on a workshop that is actively being conducted for STEM outreach with a focus on inventing and innovating. The workshop content and key learning objectives will be outlined. Furthermore this paper will discuss the different teaching methods utilized throughout the workshop. The paper will also present survey results from participants based on key learning objectives. Lastly best practices will be presented to aid in future workshop development and optimization. Overall, the purpose of this paper is to present a detailed outline of the workshop for others to utilize and demonstrate how using alternate teaching methods can optimize the impact on students. C1 [Tillinghast, Ralph C.] US Army, ARDEC, Collaborat Innovat Lab, Picatinny Arsenal, NJ 07806 USA. [Petersen, Edward A.] US Army, ARDEC, ARDEC STEM Off, Picatinny Arsenal, NJ USA. [Ur, Anthony R.] US Army, ARDEC, Picatinny Arsenal, NJ USA. RP Tillinghast, RC (reprint author), US Army, ARDEC, Collaborat Innovat Lab, Picatinny Arsenal, NJ 07806 USA. EM ralph.c.tillinghast.civ@mail.mil; edward.a.petersen.ctr@mail.mil; anthony.r.ur.civ@mail.mil NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 3 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2330-331X BN 978-1-4673-9773-5 J9 INTEGR STEM EDU CONF PY 2016 BP 116 EP 119 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BF4ND UT WOS:000381405000027 ER PT S AU Tillinghast, R Mansouri, M AF Tillinghast, Ralph Mansouri, Mo GP IEEE TI Influencing Factors in Identifying the Optimal Age for Conducting STEM Outreach SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE 6TH IEEE INTEGRATED STEM EDUCATION CONFERENCE SE Integrated STEM Education Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 6th IEEE Integrated STEM Education Conference (ISEC) CY MAR 05, 2016 CL Princeton Univ, Princeton, NJ SP IEEE, AT & T, Sci Cosmos, MathWorks, Univ Cincinnati, Univ Waterloo, IEEE Reg 1, IEEE Princeton Cent Jersey Sect, IEEE Educ Soc HO Princeton Univ DE Classroom; Education; Systems Thinking; Systems Engineering; STEM; Outreach AB Over the years, a constant growth in the need for more STEM professionals has been seen in order to take on our society's more advanced problems. To address this need, a steady growth in STEM-based outreach has been established to inspire young minds to fill this need for future STEM professionals. These programs can be found in a variety of formats, delivering a wide range of content and targeting specific demographics; all with the goal to stimulate interest and gain excitement in STEM. The goal of this paper is to stimulate discussion on how to best optimize STEM outreach by identifying age ranges that may have the most long term impact in developing STEM professionals. This will be undertaken by applying multiple System Engineering philosophies and tools. Such as constructing a conception of the target system, a review of the stakeholders involved, and discussion on the systemic forces involved in STEM outreach. The overall purpose of this paper is to further the discussion and identify additional areas of research that can aid in fully understanding how STEM outreach can be optimized for each grade level. C1 [Tillinghast, Ralph] US Army, Armaments Res Dev Engn Ctr, Collaborat Innovat Lab, Picatinny Arsenal, NJ 07806 USA. [Tillinghast, Ralph] Stevens Inst Technol, Hoboken, NJ 07030 USA. [Mansouri, Mo] Stevens Inst Technol, Sch Syst & Enterprises, Hoboken, NJ 07030 USA. RP Tillinghast, R (reprint author), US Army, Armaments Res Dev Engn Ctr, Collaborat Innovat Lab, Picatinny Arsenal, NJ 07806 USA.; Tillinghast, R (reprint author), Stevens Inst Technol, Hoboken, NJ 07030 USA. EM rtilling@stevens.edu; mo.mansouri@stevens.edu NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2330-331X BN 978-1-4673-9773-5 J9 INTEGR STEM EDU CONF PY 2016 BP 128 EP 131 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BF4ND UT WOS:000381405000029 ER PT J AU Champagne, V Helfritch, D AF Champagne, V. Helfritch, D. TI The unique abilities of cold spray deposition SO INTERNATIONAL MATERIALS REVIEWS LA English DT Review DE 'Cold spray'; Coatings; Particle; Consolidation; Nozzle ID WEAR-RESISTANT COATINGS; PARTICLE-VELOCITY; CORROSION PROTECTION; GAS; BEHAVIOR; MICROSTRUCTURE; PERFORMANCE; IMPACT; TEMPERATURE; TECHNOLOGY AB Cold spray material deposition differs significantly from other thermal spray systems in that the cold spray process does not melt particles, particle velocities are very high, and the gas/particle jet plume has a relatively low temperature. Cold spray can thus be applied to applications with heat-sensitive substrates or those applications that do not allow heat-modified deposits. The impact consolidation of high velocity, solid state, particles yield cold spray depositions with high strength, low porosity and minimal or compressive residual stress. This review will be useful to individuals new to cold spray, as well as to the cold spraying community and to product developers needing cold spray capability. The applications presented here can demonstrate capabilities that are of use to new and related uses. The descriptions of the equipment and techniques used to create the cold-sprayed deposits will be helpful to those individuals and firms seeking to produce products requiring similar characteristics. C1 [Champagne, V.] US Army Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. [Helfritch, D.] TKC Global, Herndon, VA 20171 USA. [Helfritch, D.] Survice Inc, Belcamp, MD 21017 USA. RP Helfritch, D (reprint author), TKC Global, Herndon, VA 20171 USA.; Helfritch, D (reprint author), Survice Inc, Belcamp, MD 21017 USA. EM dennis.j.helfritch.ctr@mail.mil FU Army Research Laboratory (ARL) of the U.S. Army Research Development and Engineering Command (RDECOM) [W911QX-16-D-0014] FX This material is published by permission of the Army Research Laboratory (ARL) of the U.S. Army Research Development and Engineering Command (RDECOM), under Contract No. W911QX-16-D-0014. The US Government retains for itself, and others acting on its behalf, a paid-up, non-exclusive, and irrevocable worldwide license in said article to reproduce, prepare derivative works, distribute copies to the public, and perform publicly and display publicly, by or on behalf of the Government. NR 92 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 6 U2 6 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OR14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0950-6608 EI 1743-2804 J9 INT MATER REV JI Int. Mater. Rev. PY 2016 VL 61 IS 7 BP 437 EP 455 DI 10.1080/09506608.2016.1194948 PG 19 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA DS0HM UT WOS:000380276200001 ER PT J AU O'Brien, CP Dostert, KH Hollerer, M Stiehler, C Calaza, F Schauermann, S Shaikhutdinov, S Sterrer, M Freund, HJ AF O'Brien, C. P. Dostert, K. -H. Hollerer, M. Stiehler, C. Calaza, F. Schauermann, S. Shaikhutdinov, S. Sterrer, M. Freund, H. -J. TI Supports and modified nano-particles for designing model catalysts SO FARADAY DISCUSSIONS LA English DT Article ID SURFACE-CHEMISTRY; PD NANOPARTICLES; HYDROGENATION; CARBON; REACTIVITY; ADSORPTION; FILMS AB In order to design catalytic materials, we need to understand the essential causes for material properties resulting from its composite nature. In this paper we discuss two, at first sight, diverse aspects: ( a) the effect of the oxide-metal interface on metal nanoparticle properties and ( b) the consequences of metal particle modification after activation on the selectivity of hydrogenation reactions. However, these two aspects are intimately linked. The metal nanoparticle's electronic structure changes at the interface as a catalyst is brought to different reaction temperatures due to morphological modifications in the metal and, as we will discuss, these changes in the chemistry lead to changes in the reaction path. As the morphology of the particle varies, facets of different orientations and sizes are exposed, which may lead to a change in the surface chemistry as well. We use two specific reactions to address these issues in some detail. To the best of our knowledge, the present paper reports the first observations of this kind for well-defined model systems. The changes in the electronic structure of Au nanoparticles due to their size and interaction with a supporting oxide are revealed as a function of temperature using CO2 activation as a probe. The presence of spectator species ( oxopropyl), formed during an activation step of acrolein hydrogenation, strongly controls the selectivity of the reaction towards hydrogenation of the unsaturated C=O bond vs. the C=C bond on Pd(111) when compared with oxide-supported Pd nanoparticles. C1 [O'Brien, C. P.] US Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD USA. [Dostert, K. -H.; Stiehler, C.; Calaza, F.; Schauermann, S.; Shaikhutdinov, S.; Freund, H. -J.] Max Planck Gesell, Dept Chem Phys, Fritz Haber Inst, Faradayweg 4-6, D-14195 Berlin, Germany. [Hollerer, M.; Sterrer, M.] Graz Univ, Inst Phys, A-8010 Graz, Austria. [Schauermann, S.] Univ Kiel, Inst Phys Chem, Kiel, Germany. RP Freund, HJ (reprint author), Max Planck Gesell, Dept Chem Phys, Fritz Haber Inst, Faradayweg 4-6, D-14195 Berlin, Germany. EM freund@.i-berlin.mpg.de OI Sterrer, Martin/0000-0001-9089-9061 NR 29 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 11 U2 13 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1359-6640 EI 1364-5498 J9 FARADAY DISCUSS JI Faraday Discuss. PY 2016 VL 188 BP 309 EP 321 DI 10.1039/c5fd00143a PG 13 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA DR7SE UT WOS:000380099200017 PM 27064816 ER PT B AU Smith, W Peng, H AF Smith, William Peng, Huei GP ASME TI A SURROGATE DISCRETE ELEMENT METHOD FOR TERRAMECHANICS SIMULATION OF GRANULAR LOCOMOTION SO INTERNATIONAL DESIGN ENGINEERING TECHNICAL CONFERENCES AND COMPUTERS AND INFORMATION IN ENGINEERING CONFERENCE, 2015, VOL 6 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASME International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference CY AUG 02-05, 2015 CL Boston, MA SP ASME, Design Engn Div, ASME, Comp & Informat Engn Div ID WHEEL-SOIL INTERACTION; ROUGH TERRAIN; MODEL; DEM; VEHICLES; SYSTEMS; ENERGY AB Numerical modeling methods, such as the discrete element method (DEM), are an increasingly popular alternative to traditional semi-empirical terramechanics techniques. While DEM has many advantages, including the ability to model more complex running gear and terrain profiles, it has not reached widespread popularity due to its high computation costs. In this study a surrogate DEM model (S-DEM) was developed to maintain the simulation accuracy and capabilities of DEM with reduced computation costs. This marks one of the first surrogate models developed for DEM, and the first known model developed for terramechanics. By storing wheel-soil interaction forces and soil velocities extracted from constant velocity DEM simulations, S-DEM can quickly perform new dynamic wheel locomotion simulations. Using both DEM and S-DEM, wheel locomotion simulations were performed on flat and rough terrain. S-DEM was found to reproduce drawbar pull and driving torque well in both cases, though wheel sinkage errors were significant at times. Computation costs were reduced by three orders of magnitude in comparison to DEM, bringing the benefits of DEM modeling to vehicle design and control. The techniques used to develop S-DEM may be applicable to other common DEM applications, such as soil drilling, excavating, and plowing. C1 [Smith, William] US Army, TARDEC, Warren, MI 48397 USA. [Peng, Huei] Univ Michigan, Dept Mech Engn, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. RP Smith, W (reprint author), US Army, TARDEC, Warren, MI 48397 USA. EM william.c.smith1019.civ@mail.mil; hpeng@umich.edu NR 40 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-5716-8 PY 2016 PG 15 WC Biophysics; Engineering, Biomedical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Biophysics; Engineering GA BF1NR UT WOS:000380413400068 ER PT B AU Yamashita, H Jayakumar, P Sugiyama, H AF Yamashita, Hiroki Jayakumar, Paramsothy Sugiyama, Hiroyuki GP ASME TI DEVELOPMENT OF SHEAR DEFORMABLE LAMINATED SHELL ELEMENT AND ITS APPLICATION TO ANCF TIRE MODEL SO INTERNATIONAL DESIGN ENGINEERING TECHNICAL CONFERENCES AND COMPUTERS AND INFORMATION IN ENGINEERING CONFERENCE, 2015, VOL 6 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASME International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference CY AUG 02-05, 2015 CL Boston, MA SP ASME, Design Engn Div, ASME, Comp & Informat Engn Div ID TYRE MODEL AB In this investigation, a physics-based tire model for multibody vehicle dynamics simulation is developed using the laminated composite shell element based on the absolute nodal coordinate formulation with the transverse slope coordinates. The shell element accounts for the complex deformation coupling exhibited in fiber-reinforced composite rubber materials used in tires, and the element lockings are systematically eliminated by the assumed natural strain and enhanced strain approaches. Furthermore, various nonlinear material models including incompressible rubber material models can be considered for each layer in a way same as solid elements. The load-deflection curve and the contact patch lengths are validated against the test data to ensure that the fundamental structural tire properties can be correctly captured by the tire model. C1 [Yamashita, Hiroki; Sugiyama, Hiroyuki] Univ Iowa, Dept Mech & Ind Engn, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. [Jayakumar, Paramsothy] US Army, RDECOM, TARDEC, 6501 E 11 Mile Rd, Warren, MI 48397 USA. RP Sugiyama, H (reprint author), Univ Iowa, Dept Mech & Ind Engn, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. EM hiroyuki-sugiyama@uiowa.edu NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-5716-8 PY 2016 PG 8 WC Biophysics; Engineering, Biomedical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Biophysics; Engineering GA BF1NR UT WOS:000380413400069 ER PT J AU Skimmyhorn, WL Davies, ER Mun, D Mitchell, B AF Skimmyhorn, William L. Davies, Evan R. Mun, David Mitchell, Brian TI Assessing financial education methods: Principles vs. rules-of-thumb approaches SO JOURNAL OF ECONOMIC EDUCATION LA English DT Article DE Financial education; financial learning assessment; financial literacy; heuristics; teaching methodologies; A22; D14; H52; J24 ID LIFE-CYCLE; LITERACY; BEHAVIORS; ASTERISK AB Despite thousands of programs and tremendous public and private interest in improving financial decision-making, little is known about how best to teach financial education. Using an experimental approach, the authors estimated the effects of two different education methodologies (principles-based and rules-of-thumb) on the knowledge, self-assessed knowledge, financial self-efficacy, motivation to learn, willingness to seek advice, risk preferences, and time preferences of high-performing undergraduate students. They found both methods increased cognitive measures of knowledge and noncognitive measures of self-efficacy, motivation to learn, and willingness to take financial risks. They found few differences in the relative effectiveness of each method, although the principles methodology appears to generate larger gains in self-efficacy, while the rules-of-thumb method appears to reduce individuals' willingness to seek advice. C1 [Skimmyhorn, William L.; Davies, Evan R.; Mun, David; Mitchell, Brian] US Mil Acad, Dept Social Sci, 607 Cullum Rd, West Point, NY 10950 USA. RP Skimmyhorn, WL (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Social Sci, 607 Cullum Rd, West Point, NY 10950 USA. EM william.skimmyhorn@usma.edu RI Ramalho, Thiago/E-4525-2016 NR 35 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 4 PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0022-0485 EI 2152-4068 J9 J ECON EDUC JI J. Econ. Educ. PY 2016 VL 47 IS 3 BP 193 EP 210 DI 10.1080/00220485.2016.1179145 PG 18 WC Economics; Education & Educational Research SC Business & Economics; Education & Educational Research GA DR9WU UT WOS:000380247600001 ER PT B AU Bosch, K Harris, K Clark, D Scherer, R Melotik, J AF Bosch, Kelly Harris, Katrina Clark, David Scherer, Risa Melotik, Joseph GP ASME TI BLAST MITIGATION SEAT ANALYSIS - ASSESSMENT OF THE EFFECT OF PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT ON THE 5TH PERCENTILE FEMALE ANTHROPOMORPHIC TEST DEVICE PERFORMANCE IN DROP TOWER EVALUATIONS SO INTERNATIONAL DESIGN ENGINEERING TECHNICAL CONFERENCES AND COMPUTERS AND INFORMATION IN ENGINEERING CONFERENCE, 2015, VOL 3 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASME International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference CY AUG 02-05, 2015 CL Boston, MA SP ASME, Design Engn Div, ASME, Comp & Informat Engn Div AB To address the lack of knowledge on the quantitative effects of Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) on the small occupant, 55 drop tower tests were conducted and the resulting responses were evaluated. A previous technical publication evaluated the results of drop tower testing of twelve models of blast energy-attenuating seats(1). That study assessed the data recorded from three sizes of anthropomorphic test devices, or ATDs, including the Hybrid III 5th percentile female, the Hybrid III 50th percentile male, and the Hybrid III 95th percentile male. The forces, moments, and accelerations from the ATDs were compared to Injury Assessment Reference Values (IARVs) to validate the drop tower methodology and to evaluate the appropriateness of the IARVs developed for the three occupant sizes. The data review revealed that the maximum lumbar compression loads recorded by the ATDs was an effective "go/no-go" criteria for judging seat performance, and that the 5th percentile female ATD, or small occupant, was the most difficult to pass the corresponding lumbar compression IARV. Additionally, the 5th percentile female ATD exceeded its corresponding IARV for upper neck compression, leading to the motivation for this study; the data set from the previous technical publication was used in this study. Historically, blast mitigation seats are designed to accommodate the average sized occupant, or 50th percentile male. Moving forward, there is a new emphasis on extending the protection afforded to the full military population, including the small female. The data presented in this paper seeks to determine the effect of PPE on the lumbar compression and upper neck loads for the small occupant. C1 [Bosch, Kelly; Harris, Katrina; Clark, David; Scherer, Risa] US Army Tank Automot Res, Ctr Dev & Engn, Ground Syst Survivabil, Warren, MI USA. [Melotik, Joseph] US Navy Naval Air Syst Command, Human Syst Dept, Patuxent River, MD USA. RP Bosch, K (reprint author), US Army Tank Automot Res, Ctr Dev & Engn, Ground Syst Survivabil, Warren, MI USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-5710-6 PY 2016 AR V003T01A036 PG 15 WC Education, Scientific Disciplines; Engineering, Biomedical; Engineering, Mechanical; Transportation Science & Technology SC Education & Educational Research; Engineering; Transportation GA BF0YC UT WOS:000379883900036 ER PT B AU Karwaczynski, SK Hoover, RW Jessup, CP Paulson, KM AF Karwaczynski, Sebastian K. Hoover, Ryan W. Jessup, Chris P. Paulson, Kyle M. GP ASME TI THE EFFECTS OF SOLDIER GEAR ENCUMBRANCE ON RESTRAINTS IN A FRONTAL CRASH ENVIRONMENT SO INTERNATIONAL DESIGN ENGINEERING TECHNICAL CONFERENCES AND COMPUTERS AND INFORMATION IN ENGINEERING CONFERENCE, 2015, VOL 3 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASME International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference CY AUG 02-05, 2015 CL Boston, MA SP ASME, Design Engn Div, ASME, Comp & Informat Engn Div AB Crash testing and validation of Military vehicles has not to date, accounted for the Soldier gear burden. Actual loads imparted onto the occupant in a representative Military vehicle crash test environment have been limited and do not reflect what an occupant would actually see in this type of an event. The US Army Soldier encumbered with his gear poses a challenge in restraint system design that is not typical in the automotive world. The weight of the gear encumbrance may have a significant effect on how the restraint system performs and protects the occupant during a frontal event. Other system level complications to Military vehicle interiors are secondary impact surfaces, such as instrument panels, ammunition cans and weaponry which provide a path for off-loading the energy generated by the occupant and gear combination. The energy absorption of these surfaces however, is not ideal in current Military vehicle designs and may result in injury or death. The goal of this study was to investigate gear and accelerative pulses as they relate to the restraints and occupant interaction. Data from this study will be used for further restraint development. To limit experimental variation a fixed steel seat structure was utilized throughout the entire testing series. It is hypothesized that determining these effects will lead to a restraint system design that can be optimized to provide restraint for the whole range of occupant sizes and gear variations. Further reductions in occupant injury are achieved by properly tuning the surrounding trim, air bags and cargo contact surfaces. Results of this study indicate the inclusion of the soldier gear may increase the likelihood of occupant excursion and injury. Variation in accelerative pulses resulted in lower injury values and occupant displacements. C1 [Karwaczynski, Sebastian K.] US Army TARDEC, Warren, MI USA. [Hoover, Ryan W.] CAPE, Westfield, IN USA. [Jessup, Chris P.; Paulson, Kyle M.] IMMI, Westfield, IN USA. RP Karwaczynski, SK (reprint author), US Army TARDEC, Warren, MI USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-5710-6 PY 2016 AR V003T01A037 PG 18 WC Education, Scientific Disciplines; Engineering, Biomedical; Engineering, Mechanical; Transportation Science & Technology SC Education & Educational Research; Engineering; Transportation GA BF0YC UT WOS:000379883900037 ER PT B AU Vantsevich, VV Gray, JP AF Vantsevich, Vladimir V. Gray, Jeremy P. GP ASME TI RELAXATION LENGTH REVIEW AND TIME CONSTANT ANALYSIS FOR AGILE TIRE DYNAMICS CONTROL SO INTERNATIONAL DESIGN ENGINEERING TECHNICAL CONFERENCES AND COMPUTERS AND INFORMATION IN ENGINEERING CONFERENCE, 2015, VOL 3 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASME International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference CY AUG 02-05, 2015 CL Boston, MA SP ASME, Design Engn Div, ASME, Comp & Informat Engn Div ID TYRE MODEL; VEHICLE; VALIDATION; SYSTEM; PERFORMANCE; FRICTION; TRACTOR AB For military all-terrain vehicles, there is a need to radically increase tactical and operational mobility through new modalities by fundamentally improving vehicle terrain control. By characterizing the tire relaxation length and time constants for lateral and longitudinal dynamic changes, mobility control can be enhanced to accommodate agile tire dynamics. This paper analyzes the transient period of the tire reaction force development process, which is characterized by the relaxation length, for the purpose of agile tire dynamics control as a pre-emptive, fast and exact response of a tire to dynamic changes of its interaction with terrain. In this regards, a comprehensive literature review was undertaken and the tire relaxation length was analyzed for different types of vehicles and their operational velocities. The time relaxation constants, which are derived from the relaxation length, are determined and analyzed based on the data gathered in technical literature. Based on the analysis, reference magnitudes of the time relaxation constants are proposed to be used in agile tire dynamics control algorithm and hardware developments of military all-terrain vehicles. C1 [Vantsevich, Vladimir V.] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Dept Mech Engn, Birmingham, AL USA. [Gray, Jeremy P.] US Army TARDEC, Ground Vehicle Robot, Warren, MI USA. RP Vantsevich, VV (reprint author), Univ Alabama Birmingham, Dept Mech Engn, Birmingham, AL USA. NR 51 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-5710-6 PY 2016 AR V003T01A038 PG 11 WC Education, Scientific Disciplines; Engineering, Biomedical; Engineering, Mechanical; Transportation Science & Technology SC Education & Educational Research; Engineering; Transportation GA BF0YC UT WOS:000379883900038 ER PT B AU Gerdes, J Bruck, HA Gupta, SK AF Gerdes, John Bruck, Hugh A. Gupta, Satyandra K. GP ASME TI A SYSTEMATIC EXPLORATION OF WING SIZE ON FLAPPING WING AIR VEHICLE PERFORMANCE SO INTERNATIONAL DESIGN ENGINEERING TECHNICAL CONFERENCES AND COMPUTERS AND INFORMATION IN ENGINEERING CONFERENCE, 2015, VOL 5B LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASME International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference CY AUG 02-05, 2015 CL Boston, MA SP ASME, Design Engn Div, ASME, Comp & Informat Engn Div AB The design of a flapping wing air vehicle is dependent on the interaction of drive motors and wings. In addition to the wing shape and spar arrangement, sizing and flapping kinematics affect vehicle performance due to wing deformation resulting from flapping motions. To achieve maximum payload and endurance, it is necessary to select a wing size and flapping rate that will ensure strong performance and compatibility with drive motor capabilities. Due to several conflicting trade-offs in system design, this is a challenging problem. We have conducted an experimental study of several wing sizes at multiple flapping rates to build an understanding of the design space and ensure acceptable vehicle performance. To support this study, we have designed a new custom test stand and data post-processing procedure. The results of this study are used to build a design methodology for flapping wing air vehicles with improved performance and to highlight system design challenges and strategies for mitigation. Using the methodology described in this paper, we have developed a new flapping wing air vehicle called the Robo Raven II. This vehicle uses larger wings than Robo Raven and flight tests have confirmed that Robo Raven II has a higher payload capacity. C1 [Gerdes, John] US Army Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. [Bruck, Hugh A.; Gupta, Satyandra K.] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Gerdes, J (reprint author), US Army Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-5713-7 PY 2016 AR V05BT08A012 PG 9 WC Engineering, Industrial; Engineering, Mechanical; Robotics SC Engineering; Robotics GA BF1NU UT WOS:000380413700012 ER PT B AU Gordon, GA Young, RR AF Gordon, Gary A. Young, Richard R. GP ASME TI HAZMAT ROUTING: ALTERNATE ROUTING RISK ANALYSIS SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME JOINT RAIL CONFERENCE, 2016 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASME 2016 Joint Rail Conference CY APR 12-15, 2016 CL Columbia, SC SP ASME, Transportat Div AB The railroad industry is challenged by the complexity and cost of performing the alternate route analysis as required by the Federal Railroad Administration's (FRA) hazmat routing regulation. This is especially problematic to the regional and short line railroads for several reasons, including the unavailability of alternate routes and, as with the Class I railroads, it is a matter of cost and complexity of analysis. This research paper will look at developing a simplified risk model so as to reduce the cost and complexity of the analysis. This will be accomplished by, among other things, looking at the input parameters to the model for commonality so as to reduce the number (of input parameters) and look at three operating conditions for the analysis. They are: 1) the premise that there are available alternate routes, 2) that alternate routes may not be feasible operationally or economically and 3) that there are no alternate routes. This research and analysis will result in a model that is less complex and costly to run and address the concerns and challenges of the short line and regional railroads. C1 [Gordon, Gary A.] Univ Massachusetts Lowell, US Army, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. [Gordon, Gary A.] Univ Massachusetts Lowell, DHS TSA, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. [Gordon, Gary A.] Univ Massachusetts Lowell, Homeland Secur, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. [Young, Richard R.] Capital Coll, Penn State Harrisburg, Sch Business Adm, Supply Chain Management, Middletown, PA 17057 USA. RP Gordon, GA (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts Lowell, US Army, Lowell, MA 01854 USA.; Gordon, GA (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts Lowell, DHS TSA, Lowell, MA 01854 USA.; Gordon, GA (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts Lowell, Homeland Secur, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-4967-5 PY 2016 AR UNSP V001T06A004 PG 10 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Transportation Science & Technology SC Engineering; Transportation GA BF1AH UT WOS:000380172900057 ER PT J AU Schad, AN Kennedy, JH Dick, GO AF Schad, Aaron N. Kennedy, James H. Dick, Gary O. TI Secondary production and seasonal development of epiphytic Enallagma civile Hagen, 1861 (Odonata: Coenagrionidae) in a newly constructed urban wetland floodway ecosystem SO AQUATIC INSECTS LA English DT Article DE Odonata; Enallagma civile; epiphytic macroinvertebrates; Potamogeton nodosus; Heteranthera dubia; secondary production; constructed wetlands; North America ID KONG FOREST STREAM; PLANT-SURFACE AREA; LIFE-HISTORY; MACROINVERTEBRATE PRODUCTION; AQUATIC MACROPHYTES; LAKE; RIVER; POPULATIONS; HABITAT; BEDS AB Secondary production and seasonal development of the damselfly Enallagma civile Hagen, 1861 were determined as part of an epiphytic macroinvertebrate study in the Dallas Floodway Extension Trinity River Project Lower Chain of Wetlands, Dallas, TX, USA. These wetlands were constructed to mitigate flooding of the Trinity River, but also provided quality wildlife habitat and removal of wastewater effluent contaminants. Variations in life history were observed between two macrophytes and three different wetlands of varying age, effluent source, and vegetation establishment. Mean annual production of E. civile was 1393 mg/m(2)/year, standing stock biomass was 1376 mg/m(2)/year, cohort production/biomass (P/B) ratio was 4.30/year, and annual P/B was 10.18/year. These values are in the upper range of known Odonata production values from a lentic system. Enallagma civile biomass growth rates were observed to be higher from populations on the better established macrophyte (Potamogeton nodosus Poiret, 1816) and in the longest established wetland. C1 [Schad, Aaron N.] Univ North Texas, Inst Appl Sci, Denton, TX 76203 USA. [Schad, Aaron N.; Dick, Gary O.] US Army Corps Engineer, Ctr Res & Dev, Lewisville Aquat Ecosyst Res Facil, Lewisville, TX 75057 USA. [Kennedy, James H.] Univ North Texas, Inst Appl Sci, Dept Biol Sci, Denton, TX USA. RP Schad, AN (reprint author), Univ North Texas, Inst Appl Sci, Denton, TX 76203 USA.; Schad, AN (reprint author), US Army Corps Engineer, Ctr Res & Dev, Lewisville Aquat Ecosyst Res Facil, Lewisville, TX 75057 USA. EM Aaron.Schad@UNT.edu FU US Army Corps of Engineer Research and Development Center's (ERDC) Lewisville Aquatic Ecosystem Research Facility (LAERF) FX This work was funded by the US Army Corps of Engineer Research and Development Center's (ERDC) Lewisville Aquatic Ecosystem Research Facility (LAERF). NR 63 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OR14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0165-0424 EI 1744-4152 J9 AQUAT INSECT JI Aquat. Insects PY 2016 VL 37 IS 2 BP 159 EP 173 DI 10.1080/01650424.2016.1191653 PG 15 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA DR2KP UT WOS:000379733700006 ER PT B AU Cole, DP Habtour, EM AF Cole, Daniel P. Habtour, Ed M. GP ASME TI IMPROVED UNDERSTANDING OF DAMAGE PRECURSORS THROUGH LOCAL MECHANICAL CHARACTERIZATION SO ASME CONFERENCE ON SMART MATERIALS, ADAPTIVE STRUCTURES AND INTELLIGENT SYSTEMS, 2015, VOL 2 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASME Conference on Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems CY SEP 21-23, 2015 CL Colorado Springs, CO SP ASME, Aerospace Div ID NANOMECHANICAL CHARACTERIZATION; INDENTATION; NANOINDENTATION; FIBERS; MODULUS AB We report on the use of local mechanical characterization techniques for the understanding of structural damage precursors in various material systems. Instrumented indentation and atomic force microscopy (AFM) were used to characterize local damage in: (1) fatigued metallic beams subject to non-linear vibration, (2) individual polymer and glass microfibers, and (3) additive manufactured thermoplastics. Indentation studies of the fatigued metallic beams showed a compliance effect of up to 40% in relatively highly stressed regions. An approved fiber mounting technique allowed for indentation of unmodified surfaces of single microfibers, while AFM modulus maps of the fibers reveal local regions of relative compliance. Local mechanical tests of 3-D printed acrylonitrile butadiene styrene specimens revealed a variation in properties between printed beads and bead-bead interfaces. The nano-/micro-scale techniques developed in the present study provide a framework for understanding how damage precursors may affect processing-structure-property relationships in present and future structural aerospace materials. C1 [Cole, Daniel P.; Habtour, Ed M.] US Army Res Lab, Vehicle Technol Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 20783 USA. RP Cole, DP (reprint author), US Army Res Lab, Vehicle Technol Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 20783 USA. NR 35 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-5730-4 PY 2016 AR V002T05A002 PG 9 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Materials Science GA BF0YF UT WOS:000379884200024 ER PT B AU Yoo, J Restorff, JB Wun-Fogle, M AF Yoo, JinHyeong Restorff, James B. Wun-Fogle, Marilyn GP ASME TI NON-CONTACT TENSION SENSING USING FE-GA ALLOY STRIP SO ASME CONFERENCE ON SMART MATERIALS, ADAPTIVE STRUCTURES AND INTELLIGENT SYSTEMS, 2015, VOL 2 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASME Conference on Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems CY SEP 21-23, 2015 CL Colorado Springs, CO SP ASME, Aerospace Div ID MAGNETOSTRICTIVE PROPERTIES AB This paper describes a proof-of-concept non-contact strain sensor, using a magnetostrictive Fe-Ga alloy (Galfenol). Magnetostrictive materials demonstrate dimensional changes in response to a magnetic field. In contrast with typical piezoceramic materials, Galfenol is the most ductile of the current transduction materials and appears to have an excellent ability to withstand mechanical shock and tension. Galfenol also exhibits the inverse (Villari) effect: both the magnetization and permeability change in response to an applied stress. Galfenol has low hysteresis loses, less than similar to 10% of its transduction potential over a range of -20 to +80 degrees C. The magnetization's response to stress depends strongly on both magnetic field bias and alloy composition. Galfenol's Villari effect can be used in various sensor configurations together with either a giant magnetoresistance (GMR) sensor, Hall Effect sensor or pickup coil to sense the magnetization / permeability changes in Galfenol when stressed. The sensor described in this paper utilizes the permeability change, which is not time dependent and can measure static loads. The design reported here targets low force, low frequency applications, such as inclination measurements and stress monitoring. The sensor was able to measure both static and dynamic stress. The static sensitivity was +3.64 Oe/kN for the Hall sensor close to the bias magnet and -1.49 Oe/kN for the Hall sensor at the other end of the Galfenol strip. We conclude that a Galfenol strain sensor is a viable candidate for bolt stress monitoring in critical applications. C1 [Yoo, JinHyeong] US Army Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. [Restorff, James B.; Wun-Fogle, Marilyn] US Naval Surface Warfare Ctr, Carderock Div, West Bethesda, MD USA. RP Yoo, J (reprint author), US Army Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-5730-4 PY 2016 AR V002T04A008 PG 5 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Materials Science GA BF0YF UT WOS:000379884200008 ER PT J AU Ball, K Bigdely-Shamlo, N Mullen, T Robbins, K AF Ball, Kenneth Bigdely-Shamlo, Nima Mullen, Tim Robbins, Kay TI PWC-ICA: A Method for Stationary Ordered Blind Source Separation with Application to EEG SO COMPUTATIONAL INTELLIGENCE AND NEUROSCIENCE LA English DT Article ID INDEPENDENT COMPONENT ANALYSIS; ALGORITHM; ARTIFACT; FEATURES; SYSTEM; IMAGES; PHASE; MODEL AB Independent component analysis (ICA) is a class of algorithms widely applied to separate sources in EEG data. Most ICA approaches use optimization criteria derived from temporal statistical independence and are invariant with respect to the actual ordering of individual observations. We propose a method of mapping real signals into a complex vector space that takes into account the temporal order of signals and enforces certain mixing stationarity constraints. The resulting procedure, which we call Pairwise Complex Independent Component Analysis (PWC-ICA), performs the ICA in a complex setting and then reinterprets the results in the original observation space. We examine the performance of our candidate approach relative to several existing ICA algorithms for the blind source separation (BSS) problem on both real and simulated EEG data. On simulated data, PWC-ICA is often capable of achieving a better solution to the BSS problem than AMICA, Extended Infomax, or FastICA. On real data, the dipole interpretations of the BSS solutions discovered by PWC-ICA are physically plausible, are competitive with existing ICA approaches, and may represent sources undiscovered by other ICA methods. In conjunction with this paper, the authors have released a MATLAB toolbox that performs PWC-ICA on real, vector-valued signals. C1 [Ball, Kenneth; Robbins, Kay] Univ Texas San Antonio, Dept Comp Sci, San Antonio, TX 78249 USA. [Ball, Kenneth] US Army, Human Res & Engn Directorate, Translat Neurosci Branch, Res Lab, Aberdeen, MD 21001 USA. [Bigdely-Shamlo, Nima; Mullen, Tim] Qusp Labs, 6020 Cornerstone Court West,Suite 220, San Diego, CA 92121 USA. RP Ball, K (reprint author), Univ Texas San Antonio, Dept Comp Sci, San Antonio, TX 78249 USA.; Ball, K (reprint author), US Army, Human Res & Engn Directorate, Translat Neurosci Branch, Res Lab, Aberdeen, MD 21001 USA. EM kenneth.ball@utsa.edu OI Ball, Kenneth/0000-0003-2800-1278 FU Army Research Laboratory; NIH Grant [1R01MH084819-03] FX The authors wish to offer special thanks to the authors and researchers associated with the MICA release data examined in Section 5 [9] for generously sharing real EEG data and benchmarking tools for the purposes of advancing the state of the art in the BSS problem for EEG. They also would like to offer thanks for valuable informal discussions and generous input from their general research collaborators, including Vernon Lawhern and Brent Lance of the U.S. Army Research Lab, Translational Neuroscience Branch, Yufei Huang, Zijing Mao, Lenis Mauricio Merino, and Kyung Min Su of UT-San Antonio, Dongrui Wu of GE Global Research, and Dave Jangraw of Columbia University. The research was sponsored by the Army Research Laboratory and was accomplished under Cooperative Agreement no. W911NF-10-2-0022 and NIH Grant 1R01MH084819-03. NR 46 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 7 PU HINDAWI PUBLISHING CORP PI NEW YORK PA 315 MADISON AVE 3RD FLR, STE 3070, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1687-5265 EI 1687-5273 J9 COMPUT INTEL NEUROSC JI Comput. Intell. Neurosci. PY 2016 AR 9754813 DI 10.1155/2016/9754813 PG 20 WC Mathematical & Computational Biology; Neurosciences SC Mathematical & Computational Biology; Neurosciences & Neurology GA DR4KT UT WOS:000379871100001 PM 27340397 ER PT J AU Mizukami, N Clark, MP Sampson, K Nijssen, B Mao, YX McMillan, H Viger, RJ Markstrom, SL Hay, LE Woods, R Arnold, JR Brekke, LD AF Mizukami, Naoki Clark, Martyn P. Sampson, Kevin Nijssen, Bart Mao, Yixin McMillan, Hilary Viger, Roland J. Markstrom, Steve L. Hay, Lauren E. Woods, Ross Arnold, Jeffrey R. Brekke, Levi D. TI mizuRoute version 1: a river network routing tool for a continental domain water resources applications SO GEOSCIENTIFIC MODEL DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Article ID EARTH SYSTEM MODELS; LAND-SURFACE; DATA ASSIMILATION; HYDROGRAPH; ALGORITHM; HYDROLOGY; WIDTH; DISTRIBUTIONS; DATASET; IMAGERY AB This paper describes the first version of a stand-alone runoff routing tool, mizuRoute. The mizuRoute tool post-processes runoff outputs from any distributed hydrologic model or land surface model to produce spatially distributed streamflow at various spatial scales from headwater basins to continental-wide river systems. The tool can utilize both traditional grid-based river network and vector-based river network data. Both types of river network include river segment lines and the associated drainage basin polygons, but the vector-based river network can represent finer-scale river lines than the grid-based network. Streamflow estimates at any desired location in the river network can be easily extracted from the output of mizuRoute. The routing process is simulated as two separate steps. First, hillslope routing is performed with a gamma-distribution-based unit-hydrograph to transport runoff from a hillslope to a catchment outlet. The second step is river channel routing, which is performed with one of two routing scheme options: (1) a kinematic wave tracking (KWT) routing procedure; and (2) an impulse response function - unit-hydrograph (IRF-UH) routing procedure. The mizuRoute tool also includes scripts (python, NetCDF operators) to pre-process spatial river network data. This paper demonstrates mizuRoute's capabilities to produce spatially distributed streamflow simulations based on river networks from the United States Geological Survey (USGS) Geospatial Fabric (GF) data set in which over 54aEuro-000 river segments and their contributing areas are mapped across the contiguous United States (CONUS). A brief analysis of model parameter sensitivity is also provided. The mizuRoute tool can assist model-based water resources assessments including studies of the impacts of climate change on streamflow. C1 [Mizukami, Naoki; Clark, Martyn P.; Sampson, Kevin] Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, POB 3000, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. [Nijssen, Bart; Mao, Yixin] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [McMillan, Hilary] Natl Inst Water & Atmospher Res, Christchurch, New Zealand. [Viger, Roland J.; Markstrom, Steve L.; Hay, Lauren E.] US Geol Survey, Box 25046, Denver, CO 80225 USA. [Woods, Ross] Univ Bristol, Bristol, Avon, England. [Arnold, Jeffrey R.] US Army Corps Engineers, Seattle, WA USA. [Brekke, Levi D.] US Bur Reclamat, Denver, CO 80225 USA. [McMillan, Hilary] San Diego State Univ, San Diego, CA 92182 USA. RP Mizukami, N (reprint author), Natl Ctr Atmospher Res, POB 3000, Boulder, CO 80307 USA. EM mizukami@ucar.edu RI Mizukami, Naoki/J-7027-2015; McMillan, Hilary/C-6772-2009; Woods, Ross/C-6696-2013; Nijssen, Bart/B-1013-2012 OI McMillan, Hilary/0000-0002-9330-9730; Woods, Ross/0000-0002-5732-5979; Nijssen, Bart/0000-0002-4062-0322 FU U.S Army Corps of Engineers Climate Preparedness and Resilience Program FX This work was financially supported by the U.S Army Corps of Engineers Climate Preparedness and Resilience Program. NR 47 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 4 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1991-959X EI 1991-9603 J9 GEOSCI MODEL DEV JI Geosci. Model Dev. PY 2016 VL 9 IS 6 BP 2223 EP 2238 DI 10.5194/gmd-9-2223-2016 PG 16 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA DQ7RB UT WOS:000379404000012 ER PT B AU Protic, M Avital, I Stojadinovic, A AF Protic, Mladjan Avital, Itzhak Stojadinovic, Alexander BE Ceelen, WP Levine, EA TI Peritoneal surface malignancy from neuroendocrine tumors SO INTRAPERITONEAL CANCER THERAPY: PRINCIPLES AND PRACTICE LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID HYPERTHERMIC INTRAPERITONEAL CHEMOTHERAPY; ACTING SOMATOSTATIN ANALOG; MIDGUT CARCINOID-TUMORS; PROPOSED STAGING SYSTEM; SMALL-BOWEL; ENDOCRINE TUMORS; CONSENSUS GUIDELINES; SURGICAL-TREATMENT; CELL-CARCINOMA; OCTREOTIDE LAR C1 [Protic, Mladjan] Univ Novi Sad, Fac Med, Dept Surg, Novi Sad, Serbia. [Avital, Itzhak] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, US Army Med Corps, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Stojadinovic, Alexander] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Protic, M (reprint author), Univ Novi Sad, Fac Med, Dept Surg, Novi Sad, Serbia. NR 61 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU CRC PRESS-TAYLOR & FRANCIS GROUP PI BOCA RATON PA 6000 BROKEN SOUND PARKWAY NW, STE 300, BOCA RATON, FL 33487-2742 USA BN 978-1-4822-6119-6; 978-1-4822-6118-9 PY 2016 BP 271 EP 282 PG 12 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA BF0KO UT WOS:000379001700025 ER PT B AU Ranslow, AN Kraft, RH Shannon, R De Tomas-Medina, P Radovitsky, R Jean, A Hautefeuille, MP Fagan, B Ziegler, KA Weerasooriya, T Dileonardi, AM Gunnarsson, A Satapathy, S AF Ranslow, Allison N. Kraft, Reuben H. Shannon, Ryan De Tomas-Medina, Patricia Radovitsky, Raul Jean, Aurelie Hautefeuille, Martin Pierre Fagan, Brian Ziegler, Kimberly A. Weerasooriya, Tusit Dileonardi, Ann Mae Gunnarsson, Allan Satapathy, Sikhanda GP ASME TI MICROSTRUCTURAL ANALYSIS OF PORCINE SKULL BONE SUBJECTED TO IMPACT LOADING SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL ENGINEERING CONGRESS AND EXPOSITION, 2015, VOL 3 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition (IMECE2015) CY NOV 13-19, 2015 CL Houston, TX SP ASME ID FINITE-ELEMENT MODELS; QUANTITATIVE COMPUTED-TOMOGRAPHY; TRABECULAR BONE; FRACTURE LOAD; DYNAMIC-RESPONSE; DISTAL RADIUS; STRAIN RATES; FAILURE; HEAD; PREDICTION AB Skull fracture can be a complex process involving various types of bone microstructure. Finite element analysis of the microscopic architecture in the bone allows for a controlled evaluation of the stress wave interactions, micro-crack growth, propagation and eventual coalescence of trabecular fracture. In this paper, the microstructure and mechanics of small-volume sections of a 6-month-old Gottingen Minipig skull were analyzed. Micro CT scans were used to generate finite element models. Various computational methods were investigated for modeling the intricacies contained within the porous microstructure of the trabecular bone. Pores were explicitly meshed in one method, whereas in the second, a mesh was created from a micro CT image-informed mapping algorithm that mapped the trabecular porosity from an image stack to a solid volume mesh of the model. From here, all models were subject to uniaxial compression simulations. The output of the simulations allowed for a detailed understanding of the failure mechanics of the skull structure and allowed for comparison between the methods. Fracture typically occurs in the weakest areas where the bone is highly porous and forms a fracture surface throughout the material, which causes the bone to collapse upon itself. C1 [Ranslow, Allison N.; Kraft, Reuben H.; Shannon, Ryan; De Tomas-Medina, Patricia] Penn State Univ, Penn State Computat Biomech Grp, University Pk, PA 16803 USA. [Radovitsky, Raul; Jean, Aurelie; Hautefeuille, Martin Pierre; Fagan, Brian] MIT, Inst Soldier Nanotechnol, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Ziegler, Kimberly A.; Weerasooriya, Tusit; Dileonardi, Ann Mae; Gunnarsson, Allan; Satapathy, Sikhanda] US Army Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21001 USA. RP Kraft, RH (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Penn State Computat Biomech Grp, University Pk, PA 16803 USA. EM reuben.kraft@psu.edu NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-5738-0 PY 2016 AR V003T03A057 PG 10 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA BF0WR UT WOS:000379703100057 ER PT B AU Tan, XG Przekwas, AJ Gupta, RK AF Tan, X. G. Przekwas, Andrzej J. Gupta, Raj K. GP ASME TI A FAST RUNNING MODEL FOR SKELETAL IMPACT BIOMECHANICS ANALYSIS SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL ENGINEERING CONGRESS AND EXPOSITION, 2015, VOL 3 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition (IMECE2015) CY NOV 13-19, 2015 CL Houston, TX SP ASME AB Skeletal trauma occurs in many blunt, ballistic and blast impact events. Even though the personal body armors and protective equipment were effective in stopping the penetration of bullets or fragments, the resulting impact loading could lead to the significant injuries and fractures to the thoracic skeleton and extremities. The finite element (FEM) method, with its capability to handle complex geometries and nonlinear materials, are commonly used to analyze the tissue biomechanical responses and correlate the simulation results with the injury outcomes. However, it is very difficult to construct the three-dimensional (3D) FEM model for the skeletal biomechanics analysis because of the complex geometry and different materials involved. Moreover the simulation of 3D FEM model is computationally expensive because both small element size and high speed of sound in materials lead to very small time step in an explicit transient analysis. The simulation process is often not robust enough when the model experiences the large deformation. To shorten modeling and simulation times, we have developed a fast running model based on a novel nonlinear beam element for the skeletal impact biomechanics analysis. In contrast to the conventional beam elements, the kinematics of the developed beam element is free of rotational degrees of freedom (DOFs). The current beam element offers the desired constant lumped mass matrix for the large deformable explicit transient analysis. The realistic treatment of junctions and surface intersections among beams becomes straightforward. Furthermore the model can account for the irregular shape and different materials at beam cross sections by using the numerical integration. The sophisticated material models such as elastoplasticity can also be incorporated directly in the integration points. Thus the fast running model is suitable for the analysis of complex nonlinear composite structures such as the loading-carrying thoracic skeleton and extremities. The stereolithograph (STL)-based anatomical geometry of skeletal structure is used to extract the one-dimensional (1D) curved beam model and the associated beam cross sections. The anatomical surface of skeleton is also utilized for the calculation of transferred loads to the underlined beams. The 3D responses such as displacements and stresses from the fast running model are subsequently reconstructed on the anatomical surface for the visualization and skeletal trauma analysis. We demonstrate the efficiency of such modeling technique by simulating the rib cage and the lower extremity under the impact loadings. As compared to the 3D FEM model, the developed model runs fast and robust, and achieves good results without the need of laborious 3D meshing process. C1 [Tan, X. G.; Przekwas, Andrzej J.] CFD Res Corp, Huntsville, AL USA. [Gupta, Raj K.] US Army Med Res & Mat Command, Ft Detrick, MD USA. RP Tan, XG (reprint author), CFD Res Corp, Huntsville, AL USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-5738-0 PY 2016 AR V003T03A055 PG 8 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA BF0WR UT WOS:000379703100055 ER PT B AU Peterson, A Bolling, D Olasumboye, A Habtour, E Riddick, JC Coatney, M Owolabi, G AF Peterson, Alex Bolling, Denzell Olasumboye, Adewale Habtour, Ed Riddick, Jaret C. Coatney, Michael Owolabi, Gbadebo GP ASME TI DYNAMIC BEHAVIOR OF ACRYLONITRILE BUTADIENE STYRENE UNDER IMPACT LOADS SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL ENGINEERING CONGRESS AND EXPOSITION, 2015, VOL 9 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition (IMECE2015) CY NOV 13-19, 2015 CL Houston, TX SP ASME DE Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene; additive manufacturing; impact loads ID HIGH-STRAIN RATE; PLASTIC-DEFORMATION; TI-6AL-4V ALLOY; FAILURE; RATES; POLYMERS; DESIGN AB This paper is aimed at providing a better understanding of the potential energy absorption benefits of. components fabricated using fused deposition modeling (FDM) additive manufacturing. Using FDM, it is possible to print three-dimensional (3-D) objects created through the use of computer aided design and computer-aided manufacturing software coupled with computer codes that enable the layer-by-layer deposition of material to form the 3-D component. Also known as direct digital manufacturing or 3-D printing, AM offers the benefit of being able to rotate printing orientation during processing to manipulate the design build and ultimately control mechanical and structural properties when subjected to dynamic loads. In this work, tensile test specimens were first fabricated to characterize the general mechanical behavior of the of 3D-printed Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS) material to assess its potential strain rate dependency. The mechanical evaluation under the quasi-static load was also necessary to determine the properties necessary to characterize the dynamic evolution of ABS in compression at various strain rates. ABS specimens were subsequently subjected to high strain rate deformation through the use of the Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar. During compression a new phenomenon described as a multistage collapse in which the samples undergo multiple stages of contraction and expansion was observed as the impact load was applied. C1 [Peterson, Alex] EMDC Sakhalin Drill Team, 16945 Northchase Dr, Houston, TX 77060 USA. [Bolling, Denzell; Olasumboye, Adewale; Owolabi, Gbadebo] Howard Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Washington, DC 20059 USA. [Habtour, Ed; Riddick, Jaret C.; Coatney, Michael] US Army Res Lab, Vehicle Technol Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Peterson, A (reprint author), EMDC Sakhalin Drill Team, 16945 Northchase Dr, Houston, TX 77060 USA. EM alex.peterson@exxonmobil.com; dbolling@bison.howard.edu; adewale.olasumboye@bison.howard.edu; ed.m.habtour.civ@mail.mil; jaret.c.riddick.civ@mail.mil; michael.d.coatney.civ@mail.mil; gbadebo.owolabi@howard.edu NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-5752-6 PY 2016 AR V009T12A001 PG 7 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA BF0XE UT WOS:000379791500001 ER PT J AU Zhang, YS Zhu, YB Chen, J Wang, YC Sherwood, ME Murray, CK Vrahas, MS Hooper, DC Hamblin, MR Dai, TH AF Zhang, Yunsong Zhu, Yingbo Chen, Jia Wang, Yucheng Sherwood, Margaret E. Murray, Clinton K. Vrahas, Mark S. Hooper, David C. Hamblin, Michael R. Dai, Tianhong TI Antimicrobial blue light inactivation of Candida albicans: In vitro and in vivo studies SO VIRULENCE LA English DT Article DE antimicrobial blue light; bioluminescence imagining; burn; candida albicans; endogenous photosensitizer; mouse model ID RESISTANT STAPHYLOCOCCUS-AUREUS; ULTRAVIOLET C IRRADIATION; HELICOBACTER-PYLORI; WOUND INFECTIONS; BURN INFECTION; VISIBLE-LIGHT; 470-NM LIGHT; 405-NM LIGHT; BACTERIA; MICE AB Fungal infections are a common cause of morbidity, mortality and cost in critical care populations. The increasing emergence of antimicrobial resistance necessitates the development of new therapeutic approaches for fungal infections. In the present study, we investigated the effectiveness of an innovative approach, antimicrobial blue light (aBL), for inactivation of Candida albicansin vitro and in infected mouse burns. A bioluminescent strain of C. albicans was used. The susceptibilities to aBL (415nm) were compared between C. albicans and human keratinocytes. The potential development of aBL resistance by C. albicans was investigated via 10 serial passages of C. albicans on aBL exposure. For the animal study, a mouse model of thermal burn infected with the bioluminescent C. albicans strain was used. aBL was delivered to mouse burns approximately 12h after fungal inoculation. Bioluminescence imaging was performed to monitor in real time the extent of infection in mice. The results obtained from the studies demonstrated that C. albicans was approximately 42-fold more susceptible to aBL than human keratinocytes. Serial passaging of C. albicans on aBL exposure implied a tendency of reduced aBL susceptibility of C. albicans with increasing numbers of passages; however, no statistically significant difference was observed in the post-aBL survival rate of C. albicans between the first and the last passage (P>0.05). A single exposure of 432 J/cm(2) aBL reduced the fungal burden in infected mouse burns by 1.75-log(10) (P=0.015). Taken together, our findings suggest aBL is a potential therapeutic for C. albicans infections. C1 [Zhang, Yunsong] Second Peoples Hosp Guangdong Prov, Dept Plast Surg & Cosmet, Guangzhou, Guangdong, Peoples R China. [Zhang, Yunsong; Zhu, Yingbo; Chen, Jia; Wang, Yucheng; Sherwood, Margaret E.; Hamblin, Michael R.; Dai, Tianhong] Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Wellman Ctr Photomed, BAR 404B,55 Fruit St, Boston, MA 02114 USA. [Zhang, Yunsong; Chen, Jia; Wang, Yucheng; Hamblin, Michael R.; Dai, Tianhong] Harvard Med Sch, Dept Dermatol, Boston, MA USA. [Zhu, Yingbo] Tongji Univ, Sch Med, Shanghai, Peoples R China. [Chen, Jia] Shanghai Dermatol Hosp, Shanghai, Peoples R China. [Wang, Yucheng] Chinese Peoples Liberat Army Gen Hosp, Dept Laser Med, Beijing, Peoples R China. [Murray, Clinton K.] Brooke Army Med Ctr, Infect Dis Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. [Vrahas, Mark S.] Harvard Med Sch, Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Dept Orthoped Surg, Boston, MA USA. [Hooper, David C.] Harvard Med Sch, Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Div Infect Dis, Boston, MA USA. [Hamblin, Michael R.] Harvard Div Hlth Sci & Technol, Cambridge, MA USA. RP Dai, TH (reprint author), Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Wellman Ctr Photomed, BAR 404B,55 Fruit St, Boston, MA 02114 USA. EM tdai@mgh.harvard.edu FU CIMIT under U.S. Army Medical Research Acquisition Activity Cooperative Agreement [CIMIT] [14-1894] FX This work was supported by CIMIT under U.S. Army Medical Research Acquisition Activity Cooperative Agreement [CIMIT No. 14-1894]. The information contained herein does not necessarily reflect the position or policy of the Government, and no official endorsement should be inferred. NR 54 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 4 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 2150-5594 EI 2150-5608 J9 VIRULENCE JI Virulence PY 2016 VL 7 IS 5 BP 536 EP 545 DI 10.1080/21505594.2016.1155015 PG 10 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA DR6JF UT WOS:000380007500009 PM 26909654 ER PT J AU Grills, CE Armistead-Jehle, P AF Grills, Chad E. Armistead-Jehle, Patrick TI Performance validity test and neuropsychological assessment battery screening module performances in an active-duty sample with a history of concussion SO APPLIED NEUROPSYCHOLOGY-ADULT LA English DT Article DE Medical symptom validity test; military; neuropsychological assessment battery; symptom validity testing; word memory test ID TRAUMATIC BRAIN-INJURY; WORD MEMORY TEST; EVALUATION CONTEXT; AMERICAN-ACADEMY; MILITARY SAMPLE; POOR EFFORT; NAB; VETERANS; DEMENTIA; SCORES AB The current retrospective investigation sought to replicate previous findings demonstrating the significant impact of performance validity test (PVT) performance and evaluation context on neuropsychological testing. We examined differences on performance validity testing between active-duty service members undergoing neurocognitive screening for concussion who were seen in a clinical context and those who were seen in a disability-seeking context, as well as the overall impact of PVT performance on a neurocognitive screening battery. Overall, 38.2% of the sample failed the Word Memory Test (WMT). Of those involved in a disability evaluation, the failure rate was 51.9%, which was significantly higher than the 36.8% failure rate among those evaluated in a clinical context. The effect size of WMT performance on a cognitive screening measure was also large. The current retrospective analysis served to replicate previous work. C1 [Grills, Chad E.] Brain Injury Clin, 394 Glennan Rd,Bldg 672,1st Floor, Schofield Barracks, HI 96857 USA. [Armistead-Jehle, Patrick] Munson Army Hlth Ctr, Behav Hlth, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. RP Grills, CE (reprint author), Brain Injury Clin, 394 Glennan Rd,Bldg 672,1st Floor, Schofield Barracks, HI 96857 USA. EM chad.e.grills.civ@mail.mil NR 46 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 5 PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 2327-9095 EI 2327-9109 J9 APPL NEUROPSYCH-ADUL JI Appl. Neuropsychol.-Adult PY 2016 VL 23 IS 4 BP 295 EP 301 DI 10.1080/23279095.2015.1079713 PG 7 WC Clinical Neurology; Psychology SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Psychology GA DQ7XA UT WOS:000379420300006 PM 26943837 ER PT B AU Knick, CR Morris, CJ AF Knick, Cory R. Morris, Christopher J. GP ASME TI MATERIAL AND PROCESS DEVELOPMENT OF THIN FILM SHAPE MEMORY ALLOY FOR MEMS ACTUATOR SO ASME CONFERENCE ON SMART MATERIALS, ADAPTIVE STRUCTURES AND INTELLIGENT SYSTEMS, 2015, VOL 1 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASME Conference on Smart Materials, Adaptive Structures and Intelligent Systems CY SEP 21-23, 2015 CL Colorado Springs, CO SP ASME, Aerospace Div DE shape memory alloy; sputtering; thin films; actuators; MEMS ID CU; TRANSFORMATIONS; TINI; TI-X(NI,CU)(1-X); DEPOSITION AB In this work we discuss the design and fabrication of a cantilever that may be actuated by utilizing the martensite to austenite phase transformation of a sputtered thin film of equiatomic NiTi shape memory alloy (SMA). The cantilever devices were fabricated on a silicon wafer using standard micro fabrication techniques, and may therefore be applicable to microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) switch or actuator applications. This paper details the development of a co-sputtering process to yield a SMA film with controllable composition of Ni50Ti50 and transformation temperature around 60 degrees C. Shape memory effects were characterized using Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC), for which we demonstrated martensite-austenite phase change at 57 degrees C for 1-3 um films, annealed at 600 degrees C. We used wafer stress versus temperature measurements as additional confirmation for the repeatable measurement of reversible phase transformation peaking at 73 degrees C upon heating. Up to 62 MPa was available for actuation during the thermally induced phase change. After exploring multiple approaches to a frontside wafer release process, we were successful in patterning and fabricating 10 um wide freestanding Ni50Ti50 cantilevers. C1 [Knick, Cory R.; Morris, Christopher J.] US Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Knick, CR (reprint author), US Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-5729-8 PY 2016 PG 6 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Materials Science GA BF0YE UT WOS:000379884100001 ER PT S AU Tofsted, D AF Tofsted, David BE Thomas, LM Spillar, EJ TI Passive Adaptive Imaging Through Turbulence SO ATMOSPHERIC PROPAGATION XIII SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Atmospheric Propagation XIII CY APR 20-21, 2016 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE Atmospheric turbulence; atmospheric optics; Image formation theory; Modulation transfer function ID ATMOSPHERIC-TURBULENCE; DECONVOLUTION AB Standard methods for improved imaging system performance under degrading optical turbulence conditions typically involve active adaptive techniques or post-capture image processing. Here, passive adaptive methods are considered where active sources are disallowed, a priori. Theoretical analyses of short-exposure turbulence impacts indicate that varying aperture sizes experience different degrees of turbulence impacts. Smaller apertures often outperform larger aperture systems as turbulence strength increases. This suggests a controllable aperture system is advantageous. In addition, sub-aperture sampling of a set of training images permits the system to sense tilts in different sub-aperture regions through image acquisition and image cross-correlation calculations. A four sub-aperture pattern supports corrections involving five realizable operating modes (beyond tip and tilt) for removing aberrations over an annular pattern. Progress to date will be discussed regarding development and field trials of a prototype system. C1 [Tofsted, David] US Army, Res Lab, White Sands Missile Range, NM 88002 USA. RP Tofsted, D (reprint author), US Army, Res Lab, White Sands Missile Range, NM 88002 USA. EM David.H.Tofsted.civ@mail.mil NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0074-4 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9833 AR 98330B DI 10.1117/12.2225114 PG 10 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BF0ST UT WOS:000379405500009 ER PT S AU Aroniadou-Anderjaska, V Figueiredo, TH Apland, JP Prager, EM Pidoplichko, VI Miller, SL Braga, MFM AF Aroniadou-Anderjaska, Vassiliki Figueiredo, Taiza H. Apland, James P. Prager, Eric M. Pidoplichko, Volodymyr I. Miller, Steven L. Braga, Maria F. M. BE Laskin, JD TI Long-term neuropathological and behavioral impairments after exposure to nerve agents SO COUNTERMEASURES AGAINST CHEMICAL THREATS SE Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE nerve agents; status epilepticus; seizures; basolateral amygdala; hippocampus; anxiety ID POSTTRAUMATIC-STRESS-DISORDER; INDUCED STATUS EPILEPTICUS; ANXIETY-LIKE BEHAVIOR; TOKYO SUBWAY ATTACK; BASOLATERAL AMYGDALA; INDUCED SEIZURES; GUINEA-PIGS; FOLLOW-UP; ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE ACTIVITY; SYNAPTIC-TRANSMISSION AB One of the deleterious effects of acute nerve agent exposure is the induction of status epilepticus (SE). If SE is not controlled effectively, it causes extensive brain damage. Here, we review the neuropathology observed after nerve agent-induced SE, as well as the ensuing pathophysiological, neurological, and behavioral alterations, with an emphasis on their time course and longevity. Limbic structures are particularly vulnerable to damage by nerve agent exposure. The basolateral amygdala (BLA), which appears to be a key site for seizure initiation upon exposure, suffers severe neuronal loss; however, GABAergic BLA interneurons display a delayed death, perhaps providing a window of opportunity for rescuing intervention. The end result is a long-term reduction of GABAergic activity in the BLA, with a concomitant increase in spontaneous excitatory activity; such pathophysiological alterations are not observed in the CA1 hippocampal area, despite the extensive neuronal loss. Hyperexcitability in the BLA may be at least in part responsible for the development of recurrent seizures and increased anxiety, while hippocampal damage may underlie the long-term memory impairments. Effective control of SE after nerve agent exposure, such that brain damage is also minimized, is paramount for preventing lasting neurological and behavioral deficits. C1 [Aroniadou-Anderjaska, Vassiliki; Figueiredo, Taiza H.; Prager, Eric M.; Pidoplichko, Volodymyr I.; Miller, Steven L.; Braga, Maria F. M.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, F Edward Hebert Sch Med, Dept Anat Physiol & Genet, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Aroniadou-Anderjaska, Vassiliki; Braga, Maria F. M.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, F Edward Hebert Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Apland, James P.] US Army, Neurotoxicol Branch, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. RP Braga, MFM (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, F Edward Hebert Sch Med, Dept Anat Physiol & Genet, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. EM maria.braga@usuhs.edu OI Prager, Eric/0000-0002-3810-0985 FU NINDS NIH HHS [U01 NS058162, R21 NS094131] NR 75 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE PUBL PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0EL, ENGLAND SN 0077-8923 J9 ANN NY ACAD SCI JI Ann.NY Acad.Sci. PY 2016 VL 1374 BP 17 EP 28 DI 10.1111/nyas.13028 PG 12 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA BF0TS UT WOS:000379428500003 PM 27002925 ER PT S AU Sciuto, AM Wong, BJ Martens, ME Hoard-Fruchey, H Perkins, MW AF Sciuto, Alfred M. Wong, Benjamin J. Martens, Margaret E. Hoard-Fruchey, Heidi Perkins, Michael W. BE Laskin, JD TI Phosphine toxicity: a story of disrupted mitochondrial metabolism SO COUNTERMEASURES AGAINST CHEMICAL THREATS SE Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE rodenticide; phosphine; systemic poison; reactive oxygen species; mitochondria ID INDUCED OXIDATIVE DAMAGE; LIPID-PEROXIDATION; HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE; SUPEROXIDE-DISMUTASE; LIVER MITOCHONDRIA; CYTOCHROME-C; ALUMINUM; INTOXICATION; APOPTOSIS; RATS AB Rodenticides and pesticides pose a significant threat not only to the environment but also directly to humans by way of accidental and/or intentional exposure. Metal phosphides, such as aluminum, magnesium, and zinc phosphides, have gained popularity owing to ease of manufacture and application. These agents and their hydrolysis by-product phosphine gas (PH3) are more than adequate for eliminating pests, primarily in the grain storage industry. In addition to the potential for accidental exposures in the manufacture and use of these agents, intentional exposures must also be considered. As examples, ingestion of metal phosphides is a well-known suicide route, especially in Asia; and intentional release of PH3 in a populated area cannot be discounted. Metal phosphides cause a wide array of effects that include cellular poisoning, oxidative stress, cholinesterase inhibition, circulatory failure, cardiotoxicity, gastrointestinal and pulmonary toxicity, hepatic damage, neurological toxicity, electrolyte imbalance, and overall metabolic disturbances. Mortality rates often exceed 70%. There are no specific antidotes against metal phosphide poisoning. Current therapeutic intervention is limited to supportive care. The development of beneficial medical countermeasures will rely on investigative mechanistic toxicology; the ultimate goal will be to identify specific treatments and therapeutic windows for intervention. C1 [Sciuto, Alfred M.; Wong, Benjamin J.; Perkins, Michael W.] US Army, Med Toxicol Branch, Analyt Toxicol Div, Med Res Inst Chem Def, 2900 Ricketts Point Rd, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. [Martens, Margaret E.] US Army, Physiol & Immunol Branch, Med Res Inst Chem Def, 2900 Ricketts Point Rd, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. [Hoard-Fruchey, Heidi] US Army, Cell & Mol Biol, Div Res, Med Res Inst Chem Def, 2900 Ricketts Point Rd, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Sciuto, AM (reprint author), US Army, ATS Med Toxicol Branch, Analyt Toxicol Div, Med Res Inst Chem Def, 2900 Ricketts Point Rd, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM alfred.m.sciuto.civ@mail.mil FU NIH HHS [Y01 OD013017] NR 69 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 6 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE PUBL PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0EL, ENGLAND SN 0077-8923 J9 ANN NY ACAD SCI JI Ann.NY Acad.Sci. PY 2016 VL 1374 BP 41 EP 51 DI 10.1111/nyas.13081 PG 11 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA BF0TS UT WOS:000379428500005 PM 27219283 ER PT S AU Koenig, JA Dao, TL Kan, RK Shih, TM AF Koenig, Jeffrey A. Dao, Thuy L. Kan, Robert K. Shih, Tsung-Ming BE Laskin, JD TI Zebrafish as a model for acetylcholinesterase-inhibiting organophosphorus agent exposure and oxime reactivation SO COUNTERMEASURES AGAINST CHEMICAL THREATS SE Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE zebrafish; acetylcholinesterase; organophosphate compound; oxime reactivator ID TISSUE CHOLINESTERASE ACTIVITY; DANIO-RERIO; NERVE AGENTS; CHLORPYRIFOS EXPOSURE; PESTICIDE EXPOSURE; LOCOMOTOR-ACTIVITY; ANIMAL-MODELS; HEART-RATE; BRAIN; EMBRYO AB The current research progression efforts for investigating novel treatments for exposure to organophosphorus (OP) compounds that inhibit acetylcholinesterase (AChE), including pesticides and chemical warfare nerve agents (CWNAs), rely solely on in vitro cell assays and in vivo rodent models. The zebrafish (Danio rerio) is a popular, well-established vertebrate model in biomedical research that offers high-throughput capabilities and genetic manipulation not readily available with rodents. A number of research studies have investigated the effects of subacute developmental exposure to OP pesticides in zebrafish, observing detrimental effects on gross morphology, neuronal development, and behavior. Few studies, however, have utilized this model to evaluate treatments, such as oxime reactivators, anticholinergics, or anticonvulsants, following acute exposure. Preliminary work has investigated the effects of CWNA exposure. The results clearly demonstrated relative toxicity and oxime efficacy similar to that reported for the rodent model. This review surveys the current literature utilizing zebrafish as a model for OP exposure and highlights its potential use as a high-throughput system for evaluating AChE reactivator antidotal treatments to acute pesticide and CWNA exposure. C1 [Koenig, Jeffrey A.; Dao, Thuy L.; Kan, Robert K.; Shih, Tsung-Ming] US Army, Pharmacol Branch, Div Res, Med Res Inst Chem Def, 2900 Ricketts Point Rd, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Shih, TM (reprint author), US Army, Med Res Inst Chem Def, 2900 Ricketts Point Rd, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM tsungming.a.shih.civ@mail.mil FU NIH HHS [Y01 OD014018-01] NR 61 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 4 U2 6 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE PUBL PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0EL, ENGLAND SN 0077-8923 J9 ANN NY ACAD SCI JI Ann.NY Acad.Sci. PY 2016 VL 1374 BP 68 EP 77 DI 10.1111/nyas.13051 PG 10 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA BF0TS UT WOS:000379428500008 PM 27123828 ER PT S AU McNutt, PM Tuznik, KM Glotfelty, EJ Nelson, MR Lyman, ME Hamilton, TA AF McNutt, Patrick M. Tuznik, Kaylie M. Glotfelty, Elliot J. Nelson, Marian R. Lyman, Megan E. Hamilton, Tracey A. BE Laskin, JD TI Contributions of tissue-specific pathologies to corneal injuries following exposure to SM vapor SO COUNTERMEASURES AGAINST CHEMICAL THREATS SE Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE sulfur mustard; cornea; corneal epithelium; limbal stem cell ID STEM-CELL DEFICIENCY; MUSTARD GAS KERATOPATHY; SULFUR MUSTARD; CHEMICAL WARFARE; CONFOCAL MICROSCOPY; MEDICAL DEFENSE; OCULAR LESIONS; RABBITS; MODEL; KERATOPLASTY AB Corneal injuries resulting from ocular exposure to sulfur mustard (SM) vapor are the most prevalent chemical warfare injury. Ocular exposures exhibit three distinct, dose-dependent clinical trajectories: complete injury resolution, immediate transition to a chronic injury, or apparent recovery followed by the subsequent development of persistent ocular manifestations. These latter two trajectories include a constellation of corneal symptoms that are collectively known as mustard gas keratopathy (MGK). The etiology of MGK is not understood. Here, we synthesize recent findings from in vivo rabbit SM vapor studies, suggesting that tissue-specific damage during the acute injury can decrement the regenerative capacities of corneal endothelium and limbal stem cells, thereby predisposing the cornea to the chronic or delayed forms of MGK. This hypothesis not only provides a mechanism to explain the acute and MGK injuries but also identifies novel therapeutic modalities to mitigate or eliminate the acute and long-term consequences of ocular exposure to SM vapor. C1 [McNutt, Patrick M.; Tuznik, Kaylie M.; Glotfelty, Elliot J.; Nelson, Marian R.; Lyman, Megan E.; Hamilton, Tracey A.] US Army, Med Res Inst Chem Def, E2900 Ricketts Point Rd, Gunpowder, MD 21010 USA. RP McNutt, PM (reprint author), US Army, Med Res Inst Chem Def, E2900 Ricketts Point Rd, Gunpowder, MD 21010 USA. EM patrick.m.mcnutt2.civ@mail.mil NR 68 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE PUBL PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0EL, ENGLAND SN 0077-8923 J9 ANN NY ACAD SCI JI Ann.NY Acad.Sci. PY 2016 VL 1374 BP 132 EP 143 DI 10.1111/nyas.13105 PG 12 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA BF0TS UT WOS:000379428500015 PM 27310673 ER PT S AU McCarren, HS McDonough, JH AF McCarren, Hilary S. McDonough, John H., Jr. BE Laskin, JD TI Anticonvulsant discovery through animal models of status epilepticus induced by organophosphorus nerve agents and pesticides SO COUNTERMEASURES AGAINST CHEMICAL THREATS SE Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE nerve agent; organophosphate; pesticide; status epilepticus; anticonvulsant ID SOMAN-INDUCED SEIZURE; ANTICHOLINESTERASE-TREATED MICE; CHOLINESTERASE INHIBITOR SOMAN; ACUTE NEUROPATHOLOGY; NEURONAL INJURY; POISONED RATS; ATROPINE; CONVULSIONS; EXPOSURE; INTOXICATION AB Organophosphorus pesticides (OPs) and nerve agents (NAs) are highly toxic chemicals that pose a significant threat to human health worldwide. These compounds induce status epilepticus (SE) by irreversibly blocking the ability of acetylcholinesterase to break down acetylcholine at neural synapses. Animal models of organophosphate-induced SE are a crucial resource for identifying new anticonvulsant therapies. Here, we describe the development of various animal models of SE induced by NA or OP exposure. Experiments in nonhuman primates, rats, mice, and guinea pigs have helped to identify novel therapeutic targets in the central nervous system, with particular success at modulating GABAergic and glutamatergic receptors. The anticonvulsants identified by NA- and OP-induced SE models are well poised for fast advancement into clinical development, and their potential utility in the broader field of epilepsy should make them all the more attractive for commercial pursuit. C1 [McCarren, Hilary S.; McDonough, John H., Jr.] US Army, Dept Pharmacol, Med Res Inst Chem Def, 2900 Ricketts Point Rd, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP McCarren, HS (reprint author), US Army, Div Res, Pharmacol Branch, Med Res Inst Chem Def, 2900 Ricketts Point Rd, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM hilary.mccarren.ctr@mail.mil NR 76 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL SCIENCE PUBL PI OXFORD PA OSNEY MEAD, OXFORD OX2 0EL, ENGLAND SN 0077-8923 J9 ANN NY ACAD SCI JI Ann.NY Acad.Sci. PY 2016 VL 1374 BP 144 EP 150 DI 10.1111/nyas.13092 PG 7 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA BF0TS UT WOS:000379428500016 PM 27258770 ER PT J AU Petty, AA Tsamados, MC Kurtz, NT Farrell, SL Newman, T Harbeck, JP Feltham, DL Richter-Menge, JA AF Petty, Alek A. Tsamados, Michel C. Kurtz, Nathan T. Farrell, Sinead L. Newman, Thomas Harbeck, Jeremy P. Feltham, Daniel L. Richter-Menge, Jackie A. TI Characterizing Arctic sea ice topography using high-resolution IceBridge data SO CRYOSPHERE LA English DT Article ID SNOW DEPTH; FORM DRAG; VARIABILITY; THICKNESS; DISTRIBUTIONS; SIMULATIONS; MORPHOLOGY; GREENLAND; STRESS; RIDGES AB We present an analysis of Arctic sea ice topography using high-resolution, three-dimensional surface elevation data from the Airborne Topographic Mapper, flown as part of NASA's Operation IceBridge mission. Surface features in the sea ice cover are detected using a newly developed surface feature picking algorithm. We derive information regarding the height, volume and geometry of surface features from 2009 to 2014 within the Beaufort/Chukchi and Central Arctic regions. The results are delineated by ice type to estimate the topographic variability across first-year and multi-year ice regimes. The results demonstrate that Arctic sea ice topography exhibits significant spatial variability, mainly driven by the increased surface feature height and volume (per unit area) of the multi-year ice that dominates the Central Arctic region. The multi-year ice topography exhibits greater interannual variability compared to the first-year ice regimes, which dominates the total ice topography variability across both regions. The ice topography also shows a clear coastal dependency, with the feature height and volume increasing as a function of proximity to the nearest coastline, especially north of Greenland and the Canadian Archipelago. A strong correlation between ice topography and ice thickness (from the IceBridge sea ice product) is found, using a square-root relationship. The results allude to the importance of ice deformation variability in the total sea ice mass balance, and provide crucial information regarding the tail of the ice thickness distribution across the western Arctic. Future research priorities associated with this new data set are presented and discussed, especially in relation to calculations of atmospheric form drag. C1 [Petty, Alek A.; Farrell, Sinead L.; Newman, Thomas] Univ Maryland, Earth Syst Sci Interdisciplinary Ctr, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Petty, Alek A.; Kurtz, Nathan T.; Farrell, Sinead L.; Harbeck, Jeremy P.] NASA, Cryospher Sci Lab, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD USA. [Tsamados, Michel C.] UCL, Dept Earth Sci, Ctr Polar Observat & Modelling, London, England. [Farrell, Sinead L.; Newman, Thomas] NOAA, Ctr Weather & Climate Predict, College Pk, MD USA. [Feltham, Daniel L.] Univ Reading, Dept Meteorol, Ctr Polar Observat & Modelling, Reading, Berks, England. [Richter-Menge, Jackie A.] Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH USA. RP Petty, AA (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Earth Syst Sci Interdisciplinary Ctr, College Pk, MD 20742 USA.; Petty, AA (reprint author), NASA, Cryospher Sci Lab, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Greenbelt, MD USA. EM alek.a.petty@nasa.gov RI Farrell, Sinead/F-5586-2010; OI Farrell, Sinead/0000-0003-3222-2751; Petty, Alek/0000-0003-0307-3216 FU NASA IceBridge Project Science Office, NASA [NNX13AK36G]; NOAA Ocean Remote Sensing Program FX This work was supported by the NASA IceBridge Project Science Office, NASA grant NNX13AK36G, and the NOAA Ocean Remote Sensing Program. We acknowledge and sincerely appreciate the efforts of the various IceBridge team members who contributed to the collection, processing and archiving of the various data sets utilized in this study. NR 60 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 5 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1994-0416 EI 1994-0424 J9 CRYOSPHERE JI Cryosphere PY 2016 VL 10 IS 3 BP 1161 EP 1179 DI 10.5194/tc-10-1161-2016 PG 19 WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Physical Geography; Geology GA DQ7VH UT WOS:000379415500014 ER PT J AU Brey, RN Mantis, NJ Pincus, SH Vitetta, ES Smith, LA Roy, CJ AF Brey, Robert N., III Mantis, Nicholas J. Pincus, Seth H. Vitetta, Ellen S. Smith, Leonard A. Roy, Chad J. TI Recent advances in the development of vaccines against ricin SO HUMAN VACCINES & IMMUNOTHERAPEUTICS LA English DT Article DE aerosol; antibody; epitope; immunization; non-human primate; ricin toxin ID TOXINS ENZYMATIC SUBUNIT; B-CELL EPITOPES; A-CHAIN VACCINE; AEROSOLIZED RICIN; PROTECTS MICE; CLINICAL-TRIAL; IN-VITRO; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; RHESUS MACAQUES; RECOMBINANT AB Several promising subunit vaccines against ricin toxin (RT) have been developed during the last decade and are now being tested for safety and immunogenicity in humans and for efficacy in nonhuman primates. The incentive to develop a preventive vaccine as a countermeasure against RT use as a bioweapon is based on the high toxicity of RT after aerosol exposure, its environmental stability, abundance, and ease of purification. RT is the second most lethal biological toxin and is considered a "universal toxin" because it can kill all eukaryotic cells through binding to ubiquitous cell surface galactosyl residues. RT has two subunits conjoined by a single disulfide linkage: RTB, which binds galactosyl residues and RTA which enzymatically inactivates ribosomes intracellularly by cleavage ribosomal RNA. Attenuation of toxicity by elimination of the active site or introduction of other structural mutations of RTA has generated two similar clinical subunit vaccine candidates which induce antibodies in both humans and nonhuman primates. In rhesus macaques, inhaled RT causes rapid lung necrosis and fibrosis followed by death. After parenteral vaccination with RTA vaccine, macaques can be protected against aerosol RT exposure, suggesting that circulating antibodies can protect lung mucosa. Vaccination induces RT-neutralizing antibodies, the most likely correlate of protection. Macaques responded to conformational determinants in an RTA vaccine formulation, indicating preservation of RTA structure during initial manufacture. Comparative mapping studies have also demonstrated that macaques and humans recognize the same epitopes, significant in the study of macaques as a model during development of vaccines which cannot be tested for efficacy in humans. C1 [Brey, Robert N., III] Kinesis Vaccines LLC, Chicago, IL USA. [Mantis, Nicholas J.] New York State Dept Hlth, Wadsworth Ctr, Div Infect Dis, Albany, NY USA. [Mantis, Nicholas J.] SUNY Albany, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Biomed Sci, Albany, NY 12222 USA. [Pincus, Seth H.] Louisiana State Univ, Sch Med, Childrens Hosp, Dept Pediat, New Orleans, LA USA. [Pincus, Seth H.] Louisiana State Univ, Sch Med, Childrens Hosp, Dept Microbiol, New Orleans, LA USA. [Vitetta, Ellen S.] Univ Texas Southwestern Med Ctr, Dept Immunol, Dallas, TX USA. [Vitetta, Ellen S.] Univ Texas Southwestern Med Ctr, Dept Microbiol, Dallas, TX USA. [Smith, Leonard A.] US Army, Med Countermeasures Technol, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD USA. [Roy, Chad J.] Tulane Natl Primate Res Ctr, Div Microbiol, 18703 Three Rivers Rd, Covington, LA 70433 USA. [Roy, Chad J.] Tulane Sch Med, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, New Orleans, LA USA. RP Roy, CJ (reprint author), Tulane Natl Primate Res Ctr, Div Microbiol, 18703 Three Rivers Rd, Covington, LA 70433 USA. EM croy@tulane.edu OI Mantis, Nicholas/0000-0002-5083-8640 FU National Center for Research Resources; Office of Research Infrastructure Programs (ORIP) of the National Institutes of Health [OD011104]; NIAID [HHSN272201400021C]; Simmons Patigian Chair; Horchow Foundation FX CJR is supported in part by the National Center for Research Resources and the Office of Research Infrastructure Programs (ORIP) of the National Institutes of Health through Grant Number OD011104 to the Tulane National Primate Research Center. NJM is supported through NIAID Contract No. HHSN272201400021C. EV is supported by the Simmons Patigian Chair and the Horchow Foundation. NR 44 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 4 U2 6 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 2164-5515 EI 2164-554X J9 HUM VACC IMMUNOTHER JI Human Vaccines Immunother. PY 2016 VL 12 IS 5 BP 1196 EP 1201 DI 10.1080/21645515.2015.1124202 PG 6 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Immunology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Immunology GA DQ5QE UT WOS:000379259100026 PM 26810367 ER PT B AU Cho, H Choi, KK Lee, I Lamb, D AF Cho, Hyunkyoo Choi, K. K. Lee, Ikjin Lamb, David GP ASME TI DESIGN SENSITIVITY METHOD FOR SAMPLING-BASED RBDO WITH FIXED COV SO INTERNATIONAL DESIGN ENGINEERING TECHNICAL CONFERENCES AND COMPUTERS AND INFORMATION IN ENGINEERING CONFERENCE, 2015, VOL 2B LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASME International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference CY AUG 02-05, 2015 CL Boston, MA SP ASME, Design Engn Div, ASME, Comp & Informat Engn Div DE RBDO; Fixed COY; Sampling-based RBDO; Score Function; Tolerance of Random Variable ID RELIABILITY ASSESSMENT METHOD; SEQUENTIAL OPTIMIZATION AB Conventional reliability-based design optimization (RBDO) uses the means of input random variables as its design variables; and the standard deviations (STDEVs) of the random variables are fixed constants. However, the fixed STDEVs may not correctly represent certain RBDO problems well, especially when a specified tolerance of the input random variable is presented as a percentage of the mean value. For this kind of design problem, the coefficients of variations (COVs) of the input random variables should be fixed, which means STDEVs are not fixed. In this paper, a method to calculate the design sensitivity of probability of failure for REDO with fixed COV is developed. For sampling-based REDO, which uses Monte Carlo simulation for reliability analysis, the design sensitivity of the probability of failure is derived using a first-order score function. The score function contains the effect of the change in the STDEV in addition to the change in the mean. As copulas are used for the design sensitivity, correlated input random variables also can be used for REDO with fixed COV. Moreover, the design sensitivity can be calculated efficiently during the evaluation of the probability of failure. Using a mathematical example, the accuracy and efficiency of the developed method are verified. The REDO result for mathematical and physical problems indicates that the developed method provides accurate design sensitivity in the optimization process. C1 [Cho, Hyunkyoo; Choi, K. K.] Univ Iowa, Coll Engn, Dept Mech & Ind Engn, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. [Lee, Ikjin] Korea Adv Inst Sci & Technol, Taejon 305701, South Korea. [Lamb, David] US Army, RDECOM TARDEC, Warren, MI 48397 USA. [Lee, Ikjin] Univ Connecticut, Storrs, CT USA. RP Choi, KK (reprint author), Univ Iowa, Coll Engn, Dept Mech & Ind Engn, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. EM hyunkyoo-cho@uiowa.edu; kyung-choi@uiowa.edu; Ikjin.lee@kaist.ac.kr; david.lamb@us.army.mil RI Choi, Kyung/B-1512-2008 OI Choi, Kyung/0000-0003-2384-6220 NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-5708-3 PY 2016 AR V02BT03A059 PG 14 WC Engineering, Industrial; Engineering, Mechanical; Operations Research & Management Science SC Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science GA BF0YB UT WOS:000379883800059 ER PT B AU Gaul, NJ Cowles, MK Cho, H Choi, KK Lamb, D AF Gaul, Nicholas J. Cowles, Mary Kathryn Cho, Hyunkyoo Choi, K. K. Lamb, David GP ASME TI MODIFIED BAYESIAN KRIGING FOR NOISY RESPONSE PROBLEMS FOR RELIABILITY ANALYSIS SO INTERNATIONAL DESIGN ENGINEERING TECHNICAL CONFERENCES AND COMPUTERS AND INFORMATION IN ENGINEERING CONFERENCE, 2015, VOL 2B LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASME International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference CY AUG 02-05, 2015 CL Boston, MA SP ASME, Design Engn Div, ASME, Comp & Informat Engn Div DE Bayesian Kriging; Reliability Analysis; Sequential Sampling ID DESIGN OPTIMIZATION; STRUCTURAL OPTIMIZATION; DIMENSION REDUCTION; CONVERGENCE AB This paper develops a new modified Bayesian Kriging (MBKG) surrogate modeling method for problems in which simulation analyses are inherently noisy and thus standard Kriging approaches fail to properly represent the responses. The purpose is to develop a method that can be used to carry out reliability analysis to predict probability of failure. The formulation of the MBKG surrogate modeling method is presented, and the full conditional distributions of the unknown MBKG parameters are presented. Using the full conditional distributions with a Gibbs sampling algorithm, Markov chain Monte Carlo is used to fit the MBKG surrogate model. A sequential sampling method that uses the posterior credible sets for inserting new design of experiment (DoE) sample points is proposed. The sequential sampling method is developed in such a way that the newly added DoE sample points will provide the maximum amount of information possible to the MBKG surrogate model, making it an efficient and effective way to reduce the number of DoE sample points needed. Therefore, the proposed method improves the posterior distribution of the probability of failure efficiently. To demonstrate the developed MBKG and sequential sampling methods, a 2-D mathematical example with added random noise is used. It is shown how, with the use of the sequential sample method, the posterior distribution of the probability of failure converges to capture the true probability of failure. A 3-D multibody dynamics (MBD) engineering block-car example illustrates an application of the new method to a simple engineering example for which standard Kriging methods fail. C1 [Gaul, Nicholas J.; Cho, Hyunkyoo; Choi, K. K.] Univ Iowa, Coll Engn, Dept Mech & Ind Engn, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. [Cowles, Mary Kathryn] Univ Iowa, Dept Stat & Actuarial Sci, Coll Liberal Arts & Sci, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. [Lamb, David] US Army, RDECOM TARDEC, Warren, MI 48397 USA. [Gaul, Nicholas J.] RAMDO Solut, Iowa City, IA USA. RP Choi, KK (reprint author), Univ Iowa, Coll Engn, Dept Mech & Ind Engn, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. EM 'nicholas-gaul@uiowa.edu; kate-cowles@uiowa.edu; hyunkyoo-cho@uiowa.edu; kyung-choi@uiowa.edu; david.lamb@us.army.mil NR 46 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-5708-3 PY 2016 AR V02BTO3A060 PG 16 WC Engineering, Industrial; Engineering, Mechanical; Operations Research & Management Science SC Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science GA BF0YB UT WOS:000379883800060 ER PT B AU Mangum, P Fisher, Z Cooksey, KD Mavris, D Spero, E Gerdes, JW AF Mangum, Pete, Jr. Fisher, Zachary Cooksey, K. Daniel Mavris, Dimitri Spero, Eric Gerdes, John W. GP ASME TI AN AUTOMATED APPROACH TO THE DESIGN OF SMALL AERIAL SYSTEMS USING RAPID MANUFACTURING SO INTERNATIONAL DESIGN ENGINEERING TECHNICAL CONFERENCES AND COMPUTERS AND INFORMATION IN ENGINEERING CONFERENCE, 2015, VOL 2B LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASME International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference CY AUG 02-05, 2015 CL Boston, MA SP ASME, Design Engn Div, ASME, Comp & Informat Engn Div AB Traditional engineering design processes focus on the generation of a completely defined solution for a specific set of design requirements. However, in the modern, rapidly evolving battlespace, Soldiers face the need for situationally specific aerial reconnaissance. Recent advances in automated manufacturing techniques, such as 3-D printing, have enabled the design of small unmanned aerial vehicles in which discrete components can be integrated with parametrically scaled and printed components. This approach enables mission-driven sizing, design, and synthesis of a product family using a small set of components. An integrated requirements and design process that separates the Soldier from any design engineering is presented. Mission requirements, performance models, component attributes, and manufacturing constraints are used to suggest a product architecture capable of fulfilling requirements. The process is executed to design an on-demand solution to specific aerial reconnaissance needs. Assembly takes place in a virtual environment prior to physical integration with off-the-shelf components. The resulting vehicle is then flown in a controlled environment to mimic the mission. A comparison of requirements to actual performance is presented. An assessment is made of the proposed capability and conclusions are drawn about the applicability and scalability of the approach. C1 [Mangum, Pete, Jr.; Fisher, Zachary; Cooksey, K. Daniel; Mavris, Dimitri] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Aerosp Engn, Aerosp Syst Design Lab, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Spero, Eric; Gerdes, John W.] US Army Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Mangum, P (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Aerosp Engn, Aerosp Syst Design Lab, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-5708-3 PY 2016 PG 10 WC Engineering, Industrial; Engineering, Mechanical; Operations Research & Management Science SC Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science GA BF0YB UT WOS:000379883800042 ER PT B AU Moon, MY Choi, KK Cho, H Gaul, N Lamb, D Gorsich, D AF Moon, Min-Yeong Choi, K. K. Cho, Hyunkyoo Gaul, Nicholas Lamb, David Gorsich, David GP ASME TI DEVELOPMENT OF A CONSERVATIVE MODEL VALIDATION APPROACH FOR RELIABLE ANALYSIS SO INTERNATIONAL DESIGN ENGINEERING TECHNICAL CONFERENCES AND COMPUTERS AND INFORMATION IN ENGINEERING CONFERENCE, 2015, VOL 2B LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASME International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference CY AUG 02-05, 2015 CL Boston, MA SP ASME, Design Engn Div, ASME, Comp & Informat Engn Div DE Conservative Model Validation; Insufficient Experimental Data; Conservative Output PDF; Bayesian Analysis; Model Bias; Calibration Parameter ID BAYESIAN CALIBRATION; DESIGN OPTIMIZATION AB Simulation models are approximations of real-world physical systems. Therefore, simulation model validation is necessary for the simulation-based design process to provide reliable products. However, due to the cost of product testing, experimental data in the context of model validation is limited for a given design. When the experimental data is limited, a true output PDF cannot be correctly obtained. Therefore, reliable target output PDF needs to be used to update the simulation model. In this paper, a new model validation approach is proposed to obtain a conservative estimation of the target output PDF for validation of the simulation model in reliability analysis. The proposed method considers the uncertainty induced by insufficient experimental data in estimation of predicted output PDFs by using Bayesian analysis. Then, a target output PDF and a probability of failure are selected from these predicted output PDFs at a user-specified conservativeness level for validation. For validation, the calibration parameter and model bias are optimized to minimize a validation measure of the simulation output PDF and the conservative target output PDF subject to the conservative probability of failure. For the optimization, accurate sensitivity of the validation measure is obtained using the complex variable method (CVM) for sensitivity analysis. As the target output PDF satisfies the user-specified conservativeness level, the validated simulation model provides a conservative representation of the experimental data. A simply supported beam is used to carry out the convergence study and demonstrate that the proposed method establishes a conservatively reliable simulation model. C1 [Moon, Min-Yeong; Choi, K. K.; Cho, Hyunkyoo; Gaul, Nicholas] Univ Iowa, Coll Engn, Dept Mech & Ind Engn, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. [Lamb, David; Gorsich, David] US Army, RDECOM TARDEC, Warren, MI 48397 USA. [Gaul, Nicholas] RAMDO Solut, Iowa City, IA USA. RP Choi, KK (reprint author), Univ Iowa, Coll Engn, Dept Mech & Ind Engn, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. EM minyeong-moon@uiowa.edu; kyung-choi@uiowa.edu; hyunkyoo-cho@uiowa.edu; nicholas-gaul@ramdosolution.com; david.lamb@us.army.mil; david.j.gorsich.civ@mail.mil RI Choi, Kyung/B-1512-2008 OI Choi, Kyung/0000-0003-2384-6220 NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-5708-3 PY 2016 AR V02BT03A057 PG 11 WC Engineering, Industrial; Engineering, Mechanical; Operations Research & Management Science SC Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science GA BF0YB UT WOS:000379883800057 ER PT B AU Adam, C Hadim, H AF Adam, Carlton Hadim, Hamid GP ASME TI EFFECTS OF WALL SHEAR AND RAYLEIGH-TAYLOR INSTABILITIES ON A GAS-LIQUID INTERFACE IN HIGH-SPEED MULTIPHASE FLOW SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL ENGINEERING CONGRESS AND EXPOSITION, 2015, VOL 7A LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASME International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition (IMECE2015) CY NOV 13-19, 2015 CL Houston, TX SP ASME AB A numerical simulation is performed to predict the multiphase flow structure of a slug of liquid salt water as it is accelerated through a launch tube by high-pressure, high temperature gas. This effort is performed to support the design of recoilless launch systems, in which the momentum produced by the launch of a solid projectile is balanced by the ejection of a liquid countermass in the opposite direction. Careful design of the countermass can reduce the net recoil of the launch system to nearly zero, thus allowing higher launch energies to be obtained from relatively light platforms. Simulating the behavior of the liquid countermass during the launch cycle is important for predicting net recoil, as well as for calculating the overall performance of the launch system. The current work builds on previous efforts to analyze the liquid slug ejection by considering the fluid system in three dimensions and by recognizing the importance of surface tension and mesh refinement at the gas-liquid interface. Effects of shear stress at the slug-wall interface are considered, as are Rayleigh Taylor instabilities that arise due to the high acceleration and large density differences of the gas and liquid phases. A transient 3D simulation of the launch event is performed using the VOF (volume of fluid) method to track the gas-liquid interface, while a realizable k-epsilon model is used to calculate turbulent viscosity in both the gas and liquid phases. The initial conditions of the simulation are that the liquid slug is initially at rest, and that a relatively flat and uniform gas-liquid interface discretely separates the two phases. The properties of the driving gas are calculated a priori using a separate combustion model. The driving gas enters the computational domain of the fluid model as an inlet boundary condition, specified by an entrance pressure as a function of time. The simulation is allowed to run until the bulk of the liquid slug has exited the tube into the atmosphere. The predicted flow properties, including liquid volume fraction, pressure, velocity, and temperature fields as functions of time are reported. The predicted structure and velocity of the exiting slug are compared to measurements taken using highspeed video during empirical testing of a representative launch system. Gas pressures inside the tube during the launch cycle are compared to electronic pressure data collected from the same test. There is excellent agreement between the predicted and empirical exit velocity of the liquid slug, though the video data shows a higher degree of atomization of the liquid than is predicted by the model. C1 [Adam, Carlton] US Army, Armament Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Picatinny Arsenal, NJ 07885 USA. [Hadim, Hamid] Stevens Inst Technol, Hoboken, NJ 07030 USA. RP Adam, C (reprint author), US Army, Armament Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Picatinny Arsenal, NJ 07885 USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-5746-5 PY 2016 AR V07AT09A002 PG 8 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA BF0WT UT WOS:000379703300002 ER PT J AU Lee, G Zhang, X Zhang, HB Varanasi, CV Liu, J AF Lee, Gyeonghee Zhang, Xiao Zhang, Hongbo Varanasi, Chakrapani V. Liu, Jie TI Effect of interlayer spacing on sodium ion insertion in nanostructured titanium hydrogeno phosphates/carbon nanotube composites SO RSC ADVANCES LA English DT Article ID HIGH-PERFORMANCE; ELECTROCHEMICAL PERFORMANCE; LITHIUM BATTERIES; ALPHA-TITANIUM; CRYSTAL WATER; STORAGE; ANODE; INTERCALATION; NANOFIBERS; ELECTRODES AB In sodium ion batteries, the ease of insertion and extraction of sodium ions in the electrode materials is one of the key parameters for the overall performance. In this article, the electrochemical sodium ion insertion in layered titanium hydrogeno phosphates (TiP) has been studied. In this material, the interlayer spacing and the particle morphology can be controlled by the choice of synthesis methods. Both nanostructured TiP and the coarse grained bulk counterpart were synthesized and properties were compared. While the specific capacity of nanostructured TiP materials was found to be not sensitive to the interlayer spacing, the specific capacity of coarse grained bulk TiP materials was significantly increased as the interlayer spacing was increased with the intercalation of water molecules in the layered host structure. These results indicate that interlayer spacing may not be the primary factor for Na-ion diffusion in nanostructured materials, where many interstitials are available for Na-ion diffusion. It is shown that nanostructured TiP materials can deliver excellent rate capability, and long term cycle stability with stable reversible capacity without the need of interlayer spacing expansion. The electrochemical properties of nanostructured materials were further enhanced when prepared as composites with carbon nanotubes that enhance the overall conductivity of the electrode materials. C1 [Lee, Gyeonghee; Zhang, Xiao; Zhang, Hongbo; Liu, Jie] Duke Univ, Dept Chem, Durham, NC 27708 USA. [Varanasi, Chakrapani V.] Army Res Off, Durham, NC 27703 USA. RP Liu, J (reprint author), Duke Univ, Dept Chem, Durham, NC 27708 USA.; Varanasi, CV (reprint author), Army Res Off, Durham, NC 27703 USA. EM varanasi.civ@mail.mil; j.liu@duke.edu RI Liu, Jie/B-4440-2010 OI Liu, Jie/0000-0003-0451-6111 FU Army Research Office (ARO) [W911NF-04-D-0001]; Duke SMIF (Shared Materials Instrumentation Facilities) FX This work is supported by a research grant from Army Research Office (ARO) under contract W911NF-04-D-0001. However, any opinions,findings, conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the ARO. Thermogravimetric analysis was done with the help of Cameron Bloomquist of University of North Caroline at Chapel Hill. The authors also acknowledge the support from Duke SMIF (Shared Materials Instrumentation Facilities). NR 33 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 5 U2 9 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 2046-2069 J9 RSC ADV JI RSC Adv. PY 2016 VL 6 IS 65 BP 60015 EP 60021 DI 10.1039/c6ra08242d PG 7 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA DQ6YA UT WOS:000379351600017 ER PT J AU Boyne, DA Chipara, AC Griep, MH AF Boyne, D. A. Chipara, A. C. Griep, M. H. TI Transverse axis morphological control for tailored gold nanorod (GNR) synthesis SO RSC ADVANCES LA English DT Article ID SEED-MEDIATED SYNTHESIS; SILVER NANOPARTICLES; GROWTH; SIZE; SURFACTANT; ADDITIVES; SHAPE AB Over the past decade, the quest to engineer gold nanorods (GNRs) with tailorable optical properties has intensified. Modifications to the shape and size have led to unprecedented control over the optical and localized properties of gold nanomaterials. Extensive research has demonstrated GNRs of various aspect ratio can be achieved through slight chemical modifications of the fabrication procedure. However, many of these methods suffer from poor batch-to-batch reproducibility and low overall yield. Additionally, localizing the growth to one axis has proven difficult as growth occurs from all sides in a typical seed-mediated synthesis procedure, which is a critical step for fine-tuned control. In this contribution, we demonstrate a reproducible methodology to specifically and systematically tailor the GNR transverse axis, which corresponds to the GNR radial width, to control plasmonic properties over the 550-850 nm spectral region. A remarkably high reproducibility is obtained allowing for the prediction of the optical absorption within +/- 12 nm. Derived from the combination of two high yield GNR wet chemical synthesis methods, herein we alter the reducing agent and gold concentration during synthesis demonstrating precise control over the transverse axis morphology and subsequent plasmonic resonance peaks. C1 [Boyne, D. A.; Chipara, A. C.; Griep, M. H.] US Army, Res Lab, Composite & Hybrid Mat Branch, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Griep, MH (reprint author), US Army, Res Lab, Composite & Hybrid Mat Branch, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. EM mark.h.griep.civ@mail.mil FU ASEE CQL program; ORISE FX The authors would like to thank Dr Abby West and Mrs Alexis Fakner for their assistance in material synthesis and Dr Scott Walck for instruction on the TEM. AC would like to acknowledge the ASEE CQL program for sponsorship and DB would like to thank ORISE for support through a post-doctoral fellowship. This research was supported in part by an appointment to the Postgraduate Research Participation Program at the U.S. Army Research Laboratory administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an interagency agreement between the U.S. Department of Energy and USARL. NR 49 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 2046-2069 J9 RSC ADV JI RSC Adv. PY 2016 VL 6 IS 68 BP 63634 EP 63641 DI 10.1039/c6ra12058j PG 8 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA DQ8XB UT WOS:000379493900064 ER PT S AU Hollinger, J Vessey, A Close, R Middleton, S Williams, K Rupp, R Nguyen, S AF Hollinger, Jim Vessey, Alyssa Close, Ryan Middleton, Seth Williams, Kathryn Rupp, Ronald Son Nguyen BE Popa, D Wijesundara, MBJ TI Analysis of laser return pulse from multi-layered objects SO SENSORS FOR NEXT-GENERATION ROBOTICS III SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 3rd Sensors for Next-Generation Robotics Conference held at the SPIE Defense + Commercial Sensing (DCS) Symposium CY APR 20-21, 2016 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE Lidar; Multiple return; Layered object; Concealed object AB Commercial Lidar often focus on reporting the range associated with the strongest laser return pulse, first return pulse, or last return pulse. This technique works well when observing discrete objects separated by a distance greater than the laser pulse length. However, multiple reflections due to more closely layered objects produce overlapping laser return pulses. Resolving the multi-layered object ranges in the resulting complex waveforms is the subject of this paper. A laboratory setup designed to investigate the laser return pulse produced by multi-layered objects is described along with a comparison of a simulated laser return pulse and the corresponding digitized laser return pulse. Variations in the laboratory setup are used to assess different strategies for resolving multi-layered object ranges and how this additional information can be applied to detecting objects partially obscured in vegetation. C1 [Hollinger, Jim; Vessey, Alyssa] Land Sea Air Auton LLC, Westminster, MD 21157 USA. [Close, Ryan; Middleton, Seth; Williams, Kathryn; Rupp, Ronald; Son Nguyen] USA, RDECOM CERDEC Night Vis & Elect Sensors Directora, Ft Belvoir, VA USA. RP Hollinger, J (reprint author), Land Sea Air Auton LLC, Westminster, MD 21157 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0100-0 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9859 AR 985903 DI 10.1117/12.2222544 PG 11 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Robotics; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Robotics; Optics; Physics GA BF0RX UT WOS:000379358700003 ER PT S AU Schneider, A LaCelle, Z Lacaze, A Murphy, K Close, R AF Schneider, Anne LaCelle, Zachary Lacaze, Alberto Murphy, Karl Close, Ryan BE Popa, D Wijesundara, MBJ TI Results and Conclusions: Perception Sensor Study for High Speed Autonomous Operations SO SENSORS FOR NEXT-GENERATION ROBOTICS III SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 3rd Sensors for Next-Generation Robotics Conference held at the SPIE Defense + Commercial Sensing (DCS) Symposium CY APR 20-21, 2016 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE Sensors; high-speed; autonomy; LADAR; LIDAR AB Previous research has presented work on sensor requirements, specifications, and testing, to evaluate the feasibility of increasing autonomous vehicle system speeds. Discussions included the theoretical background for determining sensor requirements, and the basic test setup and evaluation criteria for comparing existing and prototype sensor designs. This paper will present and discuss the continuation of this work. In particular, this paper will focus on analyzing the problem via a real-world comparison of various sensor technology testing results, as opposed to previous work that utilized more of a theoretical approach. LADAR/LIDAR, radar, visual, and infrared sensors are considered in this research. Results are evaluated against the theoretical, desired perception specifications. Conclusions for utilizing a suite of perception sensors, to achieve the goal of doubling ground vehicle speeds, is also discussed. C1 [Schneider, Anne; LaCelle, Zachary; Lacaze, Alberto; Murphy, Karl] Robot Res LLC, Gaithersburg, MD 20878 USA. [Close, Ryan] USA, RDECOM CERDEC Night Vision & Elect Sensors Direct, Ft Belvoir, VA USA. RP Schneider, A (reprint author), Robot Res LLC, Gaithersburg, MD 20878 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0100-0 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9859 AR 985902 DI 10.1117/12.2222543 PG 16 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Robotics; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Robotics; Optics; Physics GA BF0RX UT WOS:000379358700002 ER PT S AU Blane, JT North, WK Zeidler, PR Dencker, JB Chacko, DB Souhan, B Ingold, KA Raftery, JJ AF Blane, Janice T. North, William K. Zeidler, Peter R. Dencker, Jonathan B. Chacko, David B. Souhan, Brian Ingold, Kirk A. Raftery, James J., Jr. BE Choquette, KD Guenter, JK TI Beam quality study for single-mode oxide-confined and photonic crystal VCSELs SO VERTICAL-CAVITY SURFACE-EMITTING LASERS XX SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Lasers XX CY FEB 17-18, 2016 CL San Francisco, CA SP SPIE DE VSEL; beam quality; M-2; Single-mode; photonic ctystal ID SURFACE-EMITTING LASERS; VERTICAL-CAVITY LASERS AB A high-quality single mode beam is desirable for the efficient use of lasers as light sources for optical data communications and interconnects. This work shows a parametric study of the beam quality of vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs). Using a novel vertical setup we calculated the beam quality factor, M2, from beam radius measurements across the operating range of on-wafer devices. The device operating range is determined from the light-current-voltage measurement. We measured spectral content across the operating range to determine the number of operating modes, with single mode devices being of primary interest, and calculate the root-mean-square line widths and side-mode suppression-ratio to further quantify the beam quality. We characterized the beam quality of VCSEL devices emitting 850 nm with oxide-confined apertures of the 2.5 and 5 mu m and photonic crystal confinement with varying hole etch depths and b/a ratios. Device characterization and beam quality data for each of the studied devices is presented and discussed. C1 [Blane, Janice T.; North, William K.; Zeidler, Peter R.; Dencker, Jonathan B.; Chacko, David B.; Souhan, Brian; Ingold, Kirk A.; Raftery, James J., Jr.] US Mil Acad, West Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Raftery, JJ (reprint author), US Mil Acad, West Point, NY 10996 USA. EM janice.blane@usma.edu NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0001-0 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9766 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA BF0RW UT WOS:000379358100013 ER PT S AU Mogurampelly, S Borodin, O Ganesan, V AF Mogurampelly, Santosh Borodin, Oleg Ganesan, Venkat BE Prausnitz, JM TI Computer Simulations of Ion Transport in Polymer Electrolyte Membranes SO ANNUAL REVIEW OF CHEMICAL AND BIOMOLECULAR ENGINEERING, VOL 7 SE Annual Review of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering LA English DT Review; Book Chapter DE polymer nanocomposites; single ion conductors; molecular dynamics simulations; block copolymers; ionic liquids; lithium-ion batteries ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATIONS; BLOCK-COPOLYMER ELECTROLYTES; RECHARGEABLE LITHIUM BATTERIES; POLY(ETHYLENE OXIDE) ELECTROLYTES; CARBONATE-BASED ELECTROLYTES; POLARIZABLE FORCE-FIELDS; ROOM-TEMPERATURE; SEMICRYSTALLINE POLYETHYLENE; ATOMISTIC SIMULATIONS; AL2O3 NANOPARTICLES AB Understanding the mechanisms and optimizing ion transport in polymer membranes have been the subject of active research for more than three decades. We present an overview of the progress and challenges involved with the modeling and simulation aspects of the ion transport properties of polymer membranes. We are concerned mainly with atomistic and coarser level simulation studies and discuss some salient work in the context of pure binary and single ion conducting polymer electrolytes, polymer nanocomposites, block copolymers, and ionic liquid-based hybrid electrolytes. We conclude with an outlook highlighting future directions. C1 [Mogurampelly, Santosh; Ganesan, Venkat] Univ Texas Austin, Dept Chem Engn, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Borodin, Oleg] US Army Res Lab, Electrochem Branch, RDRL SED C, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Borodin, O (reprint author), US Army Res Lab, Electrochem Branch, RDRL SED C, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM oleg.a.borodin.civ@mail.mil; venkat@che.utexas.edu RI Mogurampelly, Santosh/D-3610-2011 OI Mogurampelly, Santosh/0000-0002-3145-4377 NR 195 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 25 U2 43 PU ANNUAL REVIEWS PI PALO ALTO PA 4139 EL CAMINO WAY, PO BOX 10139, PALO ALTO, CA 94303-0897 USA SN 1947-5438 BN 978-0-8243-5207-3 J9 ANNU REV CHEM BIOMOL JI Annu. Rev. Chem. Biomol. Eng. PY 2016 VL 7 BP 349 EP 371 DI 10.1146/annurev-chembioeng-080615-034655 PG 23 WC Chemistry, Applied; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Engineering GA BF0QQ UT WOS:000379322600016 PM 27070764 ER PT J AU Carraher, SM Welsh, DHB Svilokos, A AF Carraher, Shawn M. Welsh, Dianne H. B. Svilokos, Andrew TI Validation of a measure of social entrepreneurship SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE social entrepreneurship; measure of social entrepreneurship; social entrepreneurship measure validation ID PAY SATISFACTION; BANKRUPTCY LAWS; MODEL; LATVIA; PERSPECTIVE; PREDICTION; ECONOMIES; ATTITUDES; BUSINESS; OUTCOMES AB We first discuss the notion of social entrepreneurship and how it extends beyond its geopolitical confines. This includes the various definitions of being a social entrepreneur, mission, opportunities and challenges. While the field of social entrepreneurship is moving forward globally, there still lacks a measure of social entrepreneurship. We test an 11-item measure of social entrepreneurship using a sample of social entrepreneurs and general entrepreneurs in order to examine the reliability and validity of a new measure of social entrepreneurship. We find support for the convergent and divergent validity of the instrument as well as differences between social entrepreneurs and general entrepreneurs. We also find very good levels of internal consistency for the scale. Implications for future research are discussed. C1 [Carraher, Shawn M.] Univ Texas Dallas, Jindal Sch Management, 800 W Campbell Rd, Richardson, TX 75080 USA. [Welsh, Dianne H. B.] Univ N Carolina, Bryan Sch Business & Econ, 516 Stirling St, Greensboro, NC 27402 USA. [Svilokos, Andrew] US Army, 5760 NW 71 Terrace, Parkland, FL 33067 USA. RP Carraher, SM (reprint author), Univ Texas Dallas, Jindal Sch Management, 800 W Campbell Rd, Richardson, TX 75080 USA. EM Smc130730@utdallas.edu; dhwelsh@uncg.edu; Samuell547@yahoo.com NR 95 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 33 U2 36 PU INDERSCIENCE ENTERPRISES LTD PI GENEVA PA WORLD TRADE CENTER BLDG, 29 ROUTE DE PRE-BOIS, CASE POSTALE 856, CH-1215 GENEVA, SWITZERLAND SN 1751-6757 EI 1751-6765 J9 EUR J INT MANAG JI Eur. J. Int. Manag. PY 2016 VL 10 IS 4 BP 386 EP 402 DI 10.1504/EJIM.2016.077421 PG 17 WC Management SC Business & Economics GA DQ4RZ UT WOS:000379192300002 ER PT J AU Trammell, MTI Moulton, A Madnick, SE AF Trammell, Major Travis I. Moulton, Allen Madnick, Stuart E. TI Effects of Funding Fluctuations on Software Development: A System Dynamics Analysis SO ENGINEERING MANAGEMENT JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Funding Effects; Project Management; Software Development; System Dynamics ID MANAGEMENT AB What happens when software project funding is temporarily cut off and then restored at a later date? Although project funding gaps clearly result in software delivery delays, it is difficult to understand the causes and estimate the relative magnitude of the impact. This article uses System Dynamics modeling to examine how gaps in funding affect software development productivity and product delivery delay. Results provide software engineering managers with an improved sense of the negative effect of budget fluctuations. Two key insights for practicing engineering managers include a Ramp Up Tax that slows development and a Gap Tax due to the loss of project-related skill and familiarity when developers are transferred off a project and then return. Model experiments presented allow managers to compare the impact of temporarily stopping a project versus stretching out a project by temporarily reducing the funding level. Both the model and the patterns of results can provide project managers with a stronger basis for explaining the negative effects of funding gaps to senior leadership and funding managers. C1 [Trammell, Major Travis I.] Harvard Univ, Kennedy Sch Government, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Moulton, Allen] MIT, SSRC, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Madnick, Stuart E.] MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. RP Trammell, MTI (reprint author), US Army, 3d Cavalry Regiment,Bldg 9001, Ft Hood, TX 76544 USA. EM travis.i.trammell.mil@mail.mil FU Defense Intelligence Agency (DIA) under the "Understanding the Challenges to Net-Centric Systems and Mitigating Approaches" project, MIT Lincoln Laboratory [16-11-TCO-0013]; MIT Lincoln Laboratories FX The authors would like to thank the EMJ editors and reviewers for their advice and suggestions for improving this article. The article is a substantial revision and extension of the material presented at the 2013 ASEM National Conference (Trammell, Madnick, & Moulton, 2013), which received the 2013 Merritt A. Williamson Best Paper Award. The authors would also like to thank Mr. Richard Herrick, Mr. Kelly Hughes, Ms. Sarah Kingensmith, and Mr. Ian Macurdy at the Defense Intelligence Agency and Mr. Douglas Marquis at MIT Lincoln Labs, for their valuable insights into the issues addressed in this article. The work reported herein was supported, in part, by the MIT Lincoln Laboratories and the Defense Intelligence Agency (DIA) under the "Understanding the Challenges to Net-Centric Systems and Mitigating Approaches" project, MIT Lincoln Laboratory contract 16-11-TCO-0013. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the authors and do not reflect the official policy or position of MIT Lincoln Laboratory, the Defense Intelligence Agency, the U.S. Army, or the Department of Defense. NR 43 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 5 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OR14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1042-9247 EI 2377-0643 J9 ENG MANAG J JI EMJ-Eng. Manag. J. PY 2016 VL 28 IS 2 SI SI BP 71 EP 85 DI 10.1080/10429247.2016.1155390 PG 15 WC Engineering, Industrial; Management SC Engineering; Business & Economics GA DQ0VM UT WOS:000378919900002 ER PT J AU Putnam, NH Kinnevan, KJ Webber, ME Seepersad, CC AF Putnam, Nathaniel H. Kinnevan, Kurt J. Webber, Michael E. Seepersad, Carolyn C. TI Trucks off the Road: A Method for Assessing Economical Reductions of Logistical Requirements at Contingency Base Camps SO ENGINEERING MANAGEMENT JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE Contingency Basing; Cost-Benefit Analysis; Decision Making; Logistics; Military; Sustainability ID COST-EFFECTIVENESS; POWER-GENERATION; FEASIBILITY; STRATEGIES; FRAMEWORK AB The U.S. Department of Defense has recently shown an interest in incorporating the concepts of energy efficiency and energy security into decision-making processes, including decisions that pertain to military base camp equipment. Logistics-transportation of resources to forward locations in a military context-make up the vast majority of costs associated with base camp resource use, but costs vary widely according to operational factors. Changing costs of resources affects cost-benefit analyses of resource-saving devices, confounding decision-making processes. A method for volumetric accounting is proposed, described, and demonstrated in this article through an example design problem, yielding metrics that engineering managers can use to effectively compare the benefits of resource-saving equipment without requiring quantification of money-saving potential. The metrics and method proposed in this analysis complement existing measures and have the potential to streamline certain decision-making processes, leading to more efficient, effective, and economical military base camps while also taking resource resupply convoys off dangerous roads. C1 [Putnam, Nathaniel H.] US Army Corps Engineers, Construct Engn Res Lab, Virtual Forward Operating Base Res Program, Champaign, IL 61822 USA. [Kinnevan, Kurt J.] US Army Corps Engineers, Construct Engn Res Lab, Champaign, IL 61822 USA. [Webber, Michael E.; Seepersad, Carolyn C.] Univ Texas Austin, Mech Engn, Austin, TX 78712 USA. RP Putnam, NH (reprint author), US Army, Engn Res & Dev Ctr, CERL, 2902 Newmark Dr, Champaign, IL 61822 USA. EM nathaniel.h.putnam@usace.army.mil NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OR14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1042-9247 EI 2377-0643 J9 ENG MANAG J JI EMJ-Eng. Manag. J. PY 2016 VL 28 IS 2 SI SI BP 86 EP 98 DI 10.1080/10429247.2016.1168664 PG 13 WC Engineering, Industrial; Management SC Engineering; Business & Economics GA DQ0VM UT WOS:000378919900003 ER PT J AU Houston, MN Bay, RC McLeod, TCV AF Houston, Megan N. Bay, R. Curtis McLeod, Tamara C. Valovich TI The relationship between post-injury measures of cognition, balance, symptom reports and health-related quality-of-life in adolescent athletes with concussion SO BRAIN INJURY LA English DT Article DE Brain injury; assessment; patient-reported outcome measures; paediatric ID SPORT-RELATED CONCUSSION; MULTIDIMENSIONAL FATIGUE SCALE; CLINICAL-OUTCOMES ASSESSMENT; COLLEGIATE FOOTBALL PLAYERS; TRAUMATIC BRAIN-INJURY; GENERIC CORE SCALES; STATES HIGH-SCHOOL; INTERNATIONAL-CONFERENCE; STANDARDIZED ASSESSMENT; CONSENSUS STATEMENT AB Background: Little is known about the relationship between post-concussion impairments and health-related quality-of-life (HRQoL). The primary purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between traditional concussion assessments and HRQoL in adolescent athletes post-concussion. The secondary purpose was to determine the association between HRQoL deficits and time lost. Methods: In total, 1134 athletes completed a baseline assessment battery. HRQoL measures included the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL), Multidimensional Fatigue Scale (MFS) and Headache Impact Test-6. In total, 122 athletes sustained a concussion and underwent follow-up testing at 3 and 10 days post-injury. Results: The strongest relationships were between symptom severity and HRQoL. For concurrent regression analyses at Day 3, PedsQL-Physical accounted for 17.9% of the variance in time lost beyond that accounted for by traditional measures. At Day 10, PedsQL-School accounted for 15.2% and symptom severity for 7.1% of this variance. In predictive analyses, at Day 3, PedsQL-Physical accounted for 3.9% and MFS-General for 3.3% of the variance in time lost beyond that accounted for by traditional measures. At Day 10, MFS-Cognitive accounted for 12.0% of this variance. Conclusions: HRQoL appears to play a role in time lost post-concussion and should be measured in combination with traditional concussion assessments. C1 [Houston, Megan N.] Keller Army Hosp, West Point, NY 10996 USA. [Bay, R. Curtis; McLeod, Tamara C. Valovich] AT Still Univ, Dept Interdisciplinary Hlth Sci, Mesa, AZ USA. [McLeod, Tamara C. Valovich] AT Still Univ, Sch Osteopath Med, Mesa, AZ USA. RP Houston, MN (reprint author), Keller Army Hosp, West Point, NY 10996 USA. EM megan.n.houston.ctr@mail.mil RI Meijer, Anna/K-5118-2016 FU National Operating Committee on Standards for Athletic Equipment (NOCSAE) FX The authors report no conflicts of interest. This study was funded by a grant from the National Operating Committee on Standards for Athletic Equipment (NOCSAE). NR 46 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0269-9052 EI 1362-301X J9 BRAIN INJURY JI Brain Inj. PY 2016 VL 30 IS 7 BP 891 EP 898 DI 10.3109/02699052.2016.1146960 PG 8 WC Neurosciences; Rehabilitation SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Rehabilitation GA DP2MI UT WOS:000378322400008 PM 27088297 ER PT J AU Chung, MK Lee, SJ Waters, ML Gagne, MR AF Chung, Mee-Kyung Lee, Stephen J. Waters, Marcey L. Gagne, Michel R. TI Tetrameric psuedo-peptide receptors with allosteric properties SO CHEMICAL COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID DYNAMIC COMBINATORIAL LIBRARY; MOLECULAR RECOGNITION; SYSTEMS CHEMISTRY; AMPLIFICATION; DERIVATIVES; DISCOVERY; CHIRALITY AB This paper reports the binding properties of tetrameric pseudo-peptide receptors for protonated cytidines. The receptors, which were isolated from a dynamic combinatorial chemistry (DCC) experiment, bind the analytes with affinities that depend on the presence or absence of excess acid, and with a stoichiometry that is both concentration and temperature dependent. C1 [Chung, Mee-Kyung; Waters, Marcey L.; Gagne, Michel R.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Chem, CB 3290, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Lee, Stephen J.] US Army, Res Off, POB 12211, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Waters, ML; Gagne, MR (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Dept Chem, CB 3290, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. EM mlwaters@unc.edu; mgagne@unc.edu FU Army Research Office; NIH [R01 GM110017]; NRC FX We gratefully acknowledge the Army Research Office and the NIH (R01 GM110017) for financial support. M.-K. C. acknowledges a senior researcher fellowship from the NRC. We also gratefully acknowledge Dr Peter S. White for X-ray analyses. NR 29 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 6 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1359-7345 EI 1364-548X J9 CHEM COMMUN JI Chem. Commun. PY 2016 VL 52 IS 52 BP 8103 EP 8106 DI 10.1039/c6cc03296f PG 4 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA DP3JV UT WOS:000378390300009 PM 27265568 ER PT J AU Lawrence, MAW Celestine, MJ Artis, ET Joseph, LS Esquivel, DL Ledbetter, AJ Cropek, DM Jarrett, WL Bayse, CA Brewer, MI Holder, AA AF Lawrence, Mark A. W. Celestine, Michael J. Artis, Edward T. Joseph, Lorne S. Esquivel, Deisy L. Ledbetter, Abram J. Cropek, Donald M. Jarrett, William L. Bayse, Craig A. Brewer, Matthew I. Holder, Alvin A. TI Computational, electrochemical, and spectroscopic studies of two mononuclear cobaloximes: the influence of an axial pyridine and solvent on the redox behaviour and evidence for pyridine coordination to cobalt(I) and cobalt(II) metal centres SO DALTON TRANSACTIONS LA English DT Article ID PHOTOCATALYTIC HYDROGEN-PRODUCTION; NUCLEAR-MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; CO-59 NMR-SPECTROSCOPY; DIAMAGNETIC CO(III) COMPLEXES; L-ASCORBIC-ACID; AQUEOUS-SOLUTION; PULSE-RADIOLYSIS; VISIBLE-LIGHT; PROTON ELECTROREDUCTION; ELECTRON-TRANSFER AB [Co(dmgBF(2))(2)(H2O)(2)] 1 (where dmgBF(2) = difluoroboryldimethylglyoximato) was used to synthesize [Co(dmgBF(2))(2)(H2O)(py)]center dot 0.5(CH3)(2)CO2 (where py = pyridine) in acetone. The formulation of complex 2 was confirmed by elemental analysis, high resolution MS, and various spectroscopic techniques. The complex [Co(dmgBF(2))(2)(solv)(py)] (where solv = solvent) was readily formed in situ upon the addition of pyridine to complex 1. A spectrophotometric titration involving complex 1 and pyridine proved the formation of such a species, with formation constants, log K = 5.5, 5.1, 5.0, 4.4, and 3.1 in 2-butanone, dichloromethane, acetone, 1,2-difluorobenzene/acetone (4 : 1, v/v), and acetonitrile, respectively, at 20 degrees C. In strongly coordinating solvents, such as acetonitrile, the lower magnitude of K along with cyclic voltammetry, NMR, and UV-visible spectroscopic measurements indicated extensive dissociation of the axial pyridine. In strongly coordinating solvents, [Co(dmgBF(2))(2)(solv)(py)] can only be distinguished from [Co(dmgBF(2))(2)(solv)(2)] upon addition of an excess of pyridine, however, in weakly coordinating solvents the distinctions were apparent without the need for excess pyridine. The coordination of pyridine to the cobalt(II) centre diminished the peak current at the E-pc value of the Co-I/0 redox couple, which was indicative of the relative position of the reaction equilibrium. Herein we report the first experimental and theoretical Co-59 NMR spectroscopic data for the formation of Co(I) species of reduced cobaloximes in the presence and absence of py (and its derivatives) in CD3CN. From spectroelectrochemical studies, it was found that pyridine coordination to a cobalt(I) metal centre is more favourable than coordination to a cobalt(II) metal centre as evident by the larger formation constant, log K = 4.6 versus 3.1, respectively, in acetonitrile at 20 degrees C. The electrosynthesis of hydrogen by complexes 1 and 2 in various solvents demonstrated the dramatic effects of the axial ligand and the solvent on the turnover number of the respective catalyst. C1 [Lawrence, Mark A. W.; Celestine, Michael J.; Artis, Edward T.; Bayse, Craig A.; Brewer, Matthew I.; Holder, Alvin A.] Old Dominion Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. [Joseph, Lorne S.] Univ Virgin Isl, 2 John Brewers Bay, Charlotte Amalie, VI 00802 USA. [Esquivel, Deisy L.] Johnson C Smith Univ, 100 Beatties Ford Rd, Charlotte, NC 28216 USA. [Ledbetter, Abram J.] Univ Michigan, Appl Phys, Ann Arbor, MI 48108 USA. [Cropek, Donald M.] US Army Corps Engineers, Construct Engn Res Lab, Champaign, IL 61822 USA. [Jarrett, William L.] Univ So Mississippi, Sch Polymers & High Performance Mat, 118 Coll Dr,5050, Hattiesburg, MS 39406 USA. RP Holder, AA (reprint author), Old Dominion Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. EM aholder@odu.edu RI Lawrence, Mark/G-3298-2015; Holder, Alvin/B-6329-2016 OI Lawrence, Mark/0000-0003-3397-4277; Holder, Alvin/0000-0001-9618-5297 FU National Science Foundation (NSF) [CHE-1431172]; Center Directed Research Program at the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers; Minority Biomedical Research Support Research Initiative for Scientific Enhancement (MBRS-RISE) [5R25GM061325]; U.S. Department of Education's Title III Student Aid and Fiscal Responsibility Act (SAFRA) [P031B100094] FX AAH would like to thank the National Science Foundation (NSF) for a National Science Foundation CAREER Award as this material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under CHE-1431172 (formerly CHE - 1151832). AAH would also like to thank Old Dominion University's Faculty Proposal Preparation Program (FP3) and also for the Old Dominion University start-up package that allowed for the successful completion of this work. Also this research was supported partially by an appointment to the Student Research Participation Program at the U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center, Construction Engineering Research Laboratory, administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an interagency agreement between the U.S. Department of Energy and ERDC-CERL. This work was also partially supported by the Center Directed Research Program at the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. DLE would like to thank Johnson C. Smith University and the Louis Stokes Alliances for Minority Participation (LSAMP) program, also the U.S. Department of Education's Title III Student Aid and Fiscal Responsibility Act (SAFRA), award number P031B100094; while LSJ would like to thank The University of the Virgin Islands Emerging Caribbean Scientists Program and the Minority Biomedical Research Support Research Initiative for Scientific Enhancement (MBRS-RISE), grant #5R25GM061325. The authors would like to thank Dr James Hall for his assistance with the 19F and 59Co NMR spectroscopic acquisitions. The authors are also very grateful for the helpful comments that were provided by the reviewers. NR 109 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 6 U2 9 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1477-9226 EI 1477-9234 J9 DALTON T JI Dalton Trans. PY 2016 VL 45 IS 25 BP 10326 EP 10342 DI 10.1039/c6dt01583b PG 17 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear SC Chemistry GA DP3KM UT WOS:000378392200028 PM 27244471 ER PT S AU Mirotznik, MS Gupta, N McElhiney, M Carey, V AF Mirotznik, Mark S. Gupta, Neelam McElhiney, Morgan Carey, Victoria BE Druy, MA Crocombe, RA TI Long Wave Infrared Tunable Filter based on Guided Mode Resonant Effect SO NEXT-GENERATION SPECTROSCOPIC TECHNOLOGIES IX SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Next-Generation Spectroscopic Technologies IX CY APR 18-19, 2016 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE Long wave infrared filter; guided mode resonance filter; tunable filter; subwavelength dielectric grating ID GRATINGS; IMPLEMENTATION; FORMULATION AB We describe here a tunable long wave infrared (LWIR) band filter based on the guided mode resonant filter (GMRF) effect. The device consists of a subwavelength dielectric grating sandwiched between planar layers of contrasting dielectric materials. Using a rigorous electromagnetic design and analysis method we demonstrate how a strong narrow band reflectance can be induced. Moreover, the resonant wavelength can be easily tuned over the entire 8-12 micron band by mechanically tilting the device with respect to the optical axis. Simulation and experimental results are presented demonstrating the effectiveness of the device. C1 [Mirotznik, Mark S.; McElhiney, Morgan; Carey, Victoria] Univ Delaware, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Newark, DE 19716 USA. [Gupta, Neelam] US Army, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Mirotznik, MS (reprint author), Univ Delaware, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Newark, DE 19716 USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0096-6 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9855 AR 98550L DI 10.1117/12.2229484 PG 7 WC Optics; Physics, Applied SC Optics; Physics GA BE9UX UT WOS:000378216400015 ER PT S AU Nawn, CD Souhan, BE Carter, R Kneapler, C Fell, N Ye, JY AF Nawn, Corinne D. Souhan, Brian E. Carter, Robert, III Kneapler, Caitlin Fell, Nicholas Ye, Jing Yong BE Gannot, I TI Spectral characterization of tracheal and esophageal tissues using a hyperspectral camera and fiber optic sensors SO OPTICAL FIBERS AND SENSORS FOR MEDICAL DIAGNOSTICS AND TREATMENT APPLICATIONS XVI SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Optical Fibers and Sensors for Medical Diagnostics and Treatment Applications XVI CY FEB 13-14, 2016 CL San Francisco, CA SP SPIE DE Spectral characterization; tracheal tissue; hyperspectral camera; fiber optics; intubation; esophageal tissue; airway management ID INTUBATION AB During emergency medical situations where the patient has an obstructed airway or necessitates respiratory support, endotracheal intubation (ETI) is the medical technique of placing a tube into the trachea in order to facilitate adequate ventilation of the lungs. In particular, the anatomical, visual and time-sensitive challenges presented in these scenarios, such as in trauma, require a skilled provider in order to successfully place the tube into the trachea. Complications during ETI such as repeated attempts, failed intubation or accidental intubation of the esophagus can lead to severe consequences or ultimately death. Consequently, a need exists for a feedback mechanism to aid providers in performing successful ETI. To investigate potential characteristics to exploit as a feedback mechanism, our study examined the spectral properties of the trachea tissue to determine whether a unique spectral profile exists. In this work, hyperspectral cameras and fiber optic sensors were used to capture and analyze the reflectance profiles of tracheal and esophageal tissues illuminated with UV and white light. Our results show consistent and specific spectral characteristics of the trachea, providing foundational support for using spectral properties to detect features of the trachea. C1 [Nawn, Corinne D.; Carter, Robert, III] US Army, Inst Surg Res, 3698 Chambers Pass, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. [Nawn, Corinne D.] Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, 4692 Millennium Dr,Suite 101, Belcamp, MD 21017 USA. [Souhan, Brian E.; Kneapler, Caitlin; Fell, Nicholas] US Mil Acad, 606 Thayer Rd, West Point, NY 10996 USA. [Nawn, Corinne D.; Ye, Jing Yong] Univ Texas San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, TX 78249 USA. RP Nawn, CD (reprint author), US Army, Inst Surg Res, 3698 Chambers Pass, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA.; Nawn, CD (reprint author), Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, 4692 Millennium Dr,Suite 101, Belcamp, MD 21017 USA.; Nawn, CD (reprint author), Univ Texas San Antonio, One UTSA Circle, San Antonio, TX 78249 USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-62841-936-8 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9702 AR 970212 DI 10.1117/12.2211406 PG 7 WC Remote Sensing; Optics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Remote Sensing; Optics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BE9RZ UT WOS:000378117400033 ER PT J AU Knapik, JJ Steelman, RA Hoedebecke, SS Austin, KG Farina, EK Lieberman, HR AF Knapik, Joseph J. Steelman, Ryan A. Hoedebecke, Sally S. Austin, Krista G. Farina, Emily K. Lieberman, Harris R. TI Prevalence of Dietary Supplement Use by Athletes: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis SO SPORTS MEDICINE LA English DT Review ID NUTRITION EXAMINATION SURVEY; HEALTH INTERVIEW SURVEYS; MALE BODY-BUILDERS; UNITED-STATES; NATIONAL-HEALTH; FEMALE BODYBUILDERS; FOOTBALL PLAYERS; WOMEN RUNNERS; SUBSTANCE USE; PROTEIN SUPPLEMENTATION AB Background Dietary supplements (DSs) are commercially available products consumed as an addition to the usual diet and are frequently ingested by athletes. Objective Our objective was to examine the prevalence of DS use by athletes. Data Sources PubMed, Ovid MEDLINE, OVID Healthstar, and Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health were searched for original research articles published up to August 2014. Search terms included specific sports, specific DSs, and other terms. Study Selection Studies were selected if they were written in English, involved athletes, and provided a quantitative assessment of the proportion of athletes using specific DSs. Summary Measure Percent of athletes using specific DSs. Synthesis of Data Methodological quality of studies was assessed by three reviewers using an 8-point scale that included evaluations for sampling methods, sampling frame, sample size, measurement tools, bias, response rate, statistical presentation, and description of the participant sample. Where there were at least two investigations, metaanalysis was performed to obtain summary (pooled) prevalence estimates (SPEs) on (1) DS use prevalence by sport and sex, (2) DS use prevalence by elite versus nonelite athletic status, and (3) specific DS prevalence for all athletic groups combined. Meta-analyses included evaluations of homogeneity and publication bias. Results A total of 159 unique studies met the review criteria. Methodological quality was generally low with an average +/- standard deviation of 43 +/- 16 % of available rating points. There was low homogeneity for SPEs when compiled by sport, athletic status, and/or specific DSs. Contributing to the lack of homogeneity were differences in studies' objectives and types of assessments used (e.g., dietary surveys, interviews, questionnaires). Despite these limitations, the data generally indicated that elite athletes used DSs much more than their non-elite counterparts. For most DSs, use prevalence was similar for men and women except that a larger proportion of women used iron while a larger proportion of men used vitamin E, protein, and creatine. No consistent change in use over time was observed because even the earliest investigations showed relatively high use prevalence. Conclusion It was difficult to generalize regarding DS use by athletes because of the lack of homogeneity among studies. Nonetheless, the data suggested that elite athletes used dietary supplements far more than their non-elite counterparts; use was similar for men and women with a few exceptions; use appeared to change little over time; and a larger proportion of athletes used DSs compared with the general US population. Improvements in study methodology should be considered in future studies especially (1) defining DSs for participants; (2) querying for very specific DSs; (3) using a variety of reporting timeframes (e.g., daily, 2-6 times/week, 1 time/week and <1 time/week); (4) reporting the sampling frame, number of individuals solicited, and number responding; (5) reporting characteristics of volunteers (and non-volunteers, if available); and (6) using similar methods on several occasions to examine possible temporal trends among athletes. C1 [Knapik, Joseph J.; Austin, Krista G.; Farina, Emily K.; Lieberman, Harris R.] US Army, Environm Med Res Inst, 10 Gen Greene Ave,Bldg 42, Natick, MA 01760 USA. [Knapik, Joseph J.; Steelman, Ryan A.] US Army, Publ Hlth Ctr, Gunpowder, MD USA. [Knapik, Joseph J.; Austin, Krista G.; Farina, Emily K.] Oak Ridge Inst Educ & Hlth, Belcamp, MD USA. [Hoedebecke, Sally S.] Seren Hill Nutr, Street, MD USA. RP Knapik, JJ (reprint author), US Army, Environm Med Res Inst, 10 Gen Greene Ave,Bldg 42, Natick, MA 01760 USA.; Knapik, JJ (reprint author), US Army, Publ Hlth Ctr, Gunpowder, MD USA.; Knapik, JJ (reprint author), Oak Ridge Inst Educ & Hlth, Belcamp, MD USA. EM joseph.j.knapik.ctr@mail.mil FU Knowledge Preservation Program at the US Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine (USARIEM); US Army Public Health Center (APHC); Center Alliance for Nutrition; Dietary Supplement Research FX This research was supported in part by an appointment to the Knowledge Preservation Program at the US Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine (USARIEM) and the US Army Public Health Center (APHC) administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an interagency agreement between the US Department of Energy and USARIEM. Funding was also provided by the Center Alliance for Nutrition and Dietary Supplement Research. Joseph Knapik, Ryan Steelman, Sally Hoedebecke, Krista Austin, Emily Farina and Harris Lieberman declare that they have no conflict of interest with the content of this review. NR 203 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 15 U2 24 PU ADIS INT LTD PI NORTHCOTE PA 5 THE WAREHOUSE WAY, NORTHCOTE 0627, AUCKLAND, NEW ZEALAND SN 0112-1642 EI 1179-2035 J9 SPORTS MED JI Sports Med. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 46 IS 1 BP 103 EP 123 DI 10.1007/s40279-015-0387-7 PG 21 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA DO9UV UT WOS:000378134300009 PM 26442916 ER PT J AU Priddy, LP Mejias-Santiago, M Tingle, JS AF Priddy, Lucy P. Mejias-Santiago, Mariely Tingle, Jeb S. TI Development of Foam Backfill Repair Techniques for Airfield Pavement Repairs SO TRANSPORTATION RESEARCH RECORD LA English DT Article AB Recent military operations have highlighted the need for new expedient pavement repair capabilities to improve current guidance on airfield damage repair. Damaged or distressed military airfield pavements must be repaired with expedient methods and durable materials to minimize the time the pavement is removed from service and to reduce or eliminate additional closure times for subsequent repairs. Extensive research was conducted to develop several airfield pavement repair techniques that could be applied across the full spectrum of military airfield repair operations. This paper focuses on the research conducted to develop a new foam backfill technology for airfield pavement repairs. Results of initial laboratory and field tests showed that rigid, poured polyurethane foam is the most applicable backfill solution for deployed locations because of its ability to expand to several times its shipped liquid volume when mixed, reducing the logistical burden of transporting aggregate backfill materials. This paper describes laboratory and field experiments that used foam backfill and prototype equipment to develop a pavement repair technique that supports threshold and objective aircraft pass levels defined for expedient airfield repairs. The research included laboratory testing, full-scale field testing, and simulated and actual aircraft traffic tests with C-17 and F-15 aircraft. Results of these tests validated and certified the foam backfill repair technique for military aircraft use. However, these experiments also identified material and equipment limitations that will require additional research before the repair technique is adopted by military repair teams. Conclusions and recommendations for future equipment and material improvements are provided. C1 [Priddy, Lucy P.; Mejias-Santiago, Mariely; Tingle, Jeb S.] US Army Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Priddy, LP (reprint author), US Army Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. EM Lucy.P.Priddy@usace.army.mil FU Air Combat Command; U.S. Air Force Civil Engineer Center FX The tests and data resulted from research sponsored by the Air Combat Command and the U.S. Air Force Civil Engineer Center. The tests, unless otherwise noted, were performed at the U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center, Vicksburg, Mississippi. Permission to publish this information was granted by the director of the Geotechnical and Structures Laboratory. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0361-1981 EI 2169-4052 J9 TRANSPORT RES REC JI Transp. Res. Record PY 2016 IS 2569 BP 53 EP 61 DI 10.3141/2569-06 PG 9 WC Engineering, Civil; Transportation; Transportation Science & Technology SC Engineering; Transportation GA DP0OT UT WOS:000378189800007 ER PT S AU MacCalman, A Parnell, GS AF MacCalman, Alex Parnell, Gregory S. BE Bui, TX Sprague, RH TI Multiobjective Decision Analysis with Probability Management for Systems Engineering Trade-off Analysis SO 2016 49TH HAWAII INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SYSTEM SCIENCES (HICSS) SE Proceedings of the Annual Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 49th Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (HICSS) CY JAN 05-08, 2016 CL Koloa, HI SP Pacific Res Inst Informat Syst & Management, Univ Hawaii, Shidler Coll Business, Dept IT Management, IBM, Provalis Res, Int Soc Serv Innovat, Teradata, Univ Network AB Most of the systems engineering trade-off analysis literature use multi-criteria decision analysis. Surprisingly, many of the published studies have not modeled uncertainty. This paper uses an influence diagram to model the systems engineering trade-off analysis. The model is analyzed with Monte Carlo simulation. The paper compares the advantages and disadvantages of Monte Carlo propriety software and freeware provided by Probability Management. C1 [MacCalman, Alex] US Mil Acad, Dept Syst Engn, West Point, NY 10966 USA. [Parnell, Gregory S.] Univ Arkansas, Dept Ind Engn, Fayetteville, AR 72701 USA. RP MacCalman, A (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Syst Engn, West Point, NY 10966 USA. EM alexander.maccalman@usma.edu; gparnell@uark.edu NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1264 USA SN 1060-3425 BN 978-0-7695-5670-3 J9 P ANN HICSS PY 2016 BP 1527 EP 1536 DI 10.1109/HICSS.2016.193 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BE9EW UT WOS:000377358201078 ER PT J AU Atwater, MA Darling, KA Tschopp, MA AF Atwater, Mark A. Darling, Kris A. Tschopp, Mark A. TI Synthesis, characterization and quantitative analysis of porous metal microstructures: Application to microporous copper produced by solid state foaming SO AIMS MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE microporous; metallic foam; FIB tomography; pore morphology; Chan-Vese method; two point correlation function; lineal path function ID ION-BEAM TOMOGRAPHY; X-RAY TOMOGRAPHY; ARGON-FILLED PORES; NANOCRYSTALLINE MATERIALS; SUPERPLASTIC EXPANSION; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; ELECTRON TOMOGRAPHY; 3D CHARACTERIZATION; THERMAL-STABILITY; NANOPOROUS METAL AB Porous metals can be created through a wide variety of processing techniques, and the pore morphology resulting from these processes is equally diverse. The structural and functional properties of metal foams are directly dependent on the size, shape, interconnectedness and volume fraction of pores, so accurately quantifying the pore characteristics is of great importance. Methods for analyzing porous materials are presented here and applied to a copper-based metallic foam generated through solid state foaming via oxide reduction and expansion. This process results in large voids (10s of microns) between sintered particles and small pores (10 microns to less than 50 nm) within particles. Optical and electron microscopy were used to image the porosity over this wide range, and the pore characteristics were quantified using image segmentation and statistical analysis. Two-dimensional pore analysis was performed using the Chan-Vese method, and two-point correlation and lineal path functions were used to assess three-dimensional reconstructions from FIB tomography. Two-dimensional analysis reveals distinct size and morphological differences in porosity between particles and within them. Three-dimensional analysis adds further information on the high level interconnectedness of the porosity and irregular shape it takes, forming tortuous pathways rather than spherical cells. Mechanical polishing and optical microscopy allow large areas to be created and analyzed quickly, but methods such as focused ion beam (FIB) sectioning can provide additional insight about microstructural features. In particular, after FIB milling is used to create a flat surface, that surface can be analyzed for structural and compositional information. C1 [Atwater, Mark A.] Millersville Univ Pennsylvania, Dept Appl Engn Safety & Technol, Millersville, PA 17551 USA. [Darling, Kris A.; Tschopp, Mark A.] US Army Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Tschopp, MA (reprint author), US Army Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. EM mark.a.tschopp.civ@mail.mil.edu NR 78 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 7 U2 7 PU AMER INST MATHEMATICAL SCIENCES-AIMS PI SPRINGFIELD PA PO BOX 2604, SPRINGFIELD, MO 65801-2604 USA SN 2372-0468 EI 2372-0484 J9 AIMS MATER SCI JI AIMS Mater. Sci. PY 2016 VL 3 IS 2 BP 573 EP 590 DI 10.3934/matersci.2016.2.573 PG 18 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA DO3PG UT WOS:000377692900018 ER PT J AU Brogniez, H English, S Mahfouf, JF Behrendt, A Berg, W Boukabara, S Buehler, SA Chambon, P Gambacorta, A Geer, A Ingram, W Kursinski, ER Matricardi, M Odintsova, TA Payne, VH Thorne, PW Tretyakov, MY Wang, JH AF Brogniez, Helene English, Stephen Mahfouf, Jean-Francois Behrendt, Andreas Berg, Wesley Boukabara, Sid Buehler, Stefan Alexander Chambon, Philippe Gambacorta, Antonia Geer, Alan Ingram, William Kursinski, E. Robert Matricardi, Marco Odintsova, Tatyana A. Payne, Vivienne H. Thorne, Peter W. Tretyakov, Mikhail Yu Wang, Junhong TI A review of sources of systematic errors and uncertainties in observations and simulations at 183 GHz SO ATMOSPHERIC MEASUREMENT TECHNIQUES LA English DT Review ID WATER-VAPOR ABSORPTION; RADIATIVE-TRANSFER MODELS; RADIANCE OBSERVATIONS; CONTINUUM ABSORPTION; ATMOSPHERIC WINDOW; BIAS CORRECTION; AIR; ASSIMILATION; CHANNELS; SAPHIR AB Several recent studies have observed systematic differences between measurements in the 183.31 GHz water vapor line by space-borne sounders and calculations using radiative transfer models, with inputs from either radiosondes (radiosonde observations, RAOBs) or short-range forecasts by numerical weather prediction (NWP) models. This paper discusses all the relevant categories of observation-based or model-based data, quantifies their uncertainties and separates biases that could be common to all causes from those attributable to a particular cause. Reference observations from radiosondes, Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receivers, differential absorption lidar (DIAL) and Raman lidar are thus overviewed. Biases arising from their calibration procedures, NWP models and data assimilation, instrument biases and radiative transfer models (both the models themselves and the underlying spectroscopy) are presented and discussed. Although presently no single process in the comparisons seems capable of explaining the observed structure of bias, recommendations are made in order to better understand the causes. C1 [Brogniez, Helene] UPMC, UVSQ, CNRS, LATMOS,IPSL, F-78280 Guyancourt, France. [English, Stephen; Geer, Alan; Matricardi, Marco] ECMWF, Reading RG2 9AX, Berks, England. [Mahfouf, Jean-Francois; Chambon, Philippe] Meteo France, CNRS, CNRM, GAME, F-31057 Toulouse, France. [Behrendt, Andreas] Univ Hohenheim, Inst Phys & Meteorol, D-70599 Stuttgart, Germany. [Berg, Wesley] Colorado State Univ, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Boukabara, Sid] NOAA, USA, Camp Springs, MD USA. [Buehler, Stefan Alexander] Univ Hamburg, Inst Meteorol, Ctr Earth Syst Res & Sustainabil, Hamburg, Germany. [Gambacorta, Antonia] Sci & Technol Corp, Columbia, MD USA. [Ingram, William] Hadley Ctr, MetOff, Exeter, Devon, England. [Ingram, William] Univ Oxford, Dept Phys, AOPP, Oxford, England. [Kursinski, E. Robert] Space Sci & Engn, Boulder, CO USA. [Odintsova, Tatyana A.; Tretyakov, Mikhail Yu] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Appl Phys, Nizhnii Novgorod, Russia. [Payne, Vivienne H.] CALTECH, JPL, Pasadena, CA 91125 USA. [Thorne, Peter W.] Maynooth Univ, Dept Geog, Maynooth, Kildare, Ireland. [Wang, Junhong] SUNY Albany, Albany, NY 12222 USA. RP Brogniez, H (reprint author), UPMC, UVSQ, CNRS, LATMOS,IPSL, F-78280 Guyancourt, France. EM helene.brogniez@latmos.ipsl.fr RI Buehler, Stefan Alexander/A-4056-2009; Boukabara, Sid Ahmed/F-5577-2010; Thorne, Peter/F-2225-2014 OI Buehler, Stefan Alexander/0000-0001-6389-1160; Boukabara, Sid Ahmed/0000-0002-1857-3806; Thorne, Peter/0000-0003-0485-9798 FU CNES; Megha-Tropiques; EU [Ares(2014)3708963, 640276]; EUMETSAT through its Climate Monitoring Satellite Application Facility (CM-SAF); Russian Foundation for Basic Research (RFBR); NASA Award from the Precipitation Measurement Mission Science Team; National Aeronautics and Space Administration FX This paper reflects the outcomes of a workshop that was held 29-30 June 2015, in Paris. The process of identifying the key questions was performed during a series of working group sessions whose additional participants are thanked C. Accadia, R. Armante, P. Brunel, J. Bureau, M. Dejus, S. Di Michele, A. Doherty, C. Dufour, F. Duruisseau R. Fallourd, C. Goldstein, B. Ingleby, E. Kim, S. Laviola, A. Martini, V. Mattioli, L. Picon, C. Prigent, P. Sinigoj, N. Viltard. We warmly thank the CNES and Megha-Tropiques for the financial support of the workshop and also Sophie Cloche (IPSL) for her immense help in its organization. P.W Thorne was supported by the EU H2020 project GAIA-CLIM (Ares(2014)3708963/Project 640276). W. Ingram was funded by EUMETSAT through its Climate Monitoring Satellite Application Facility (CM-SAF). T.A Odintsova and M.Y Tretyakov acknowledge partial support from the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (RFBR). V. H. Payne was supported by a NASA Award from the Precipitation Measurement Mission Science Team. Part of this research was carried out at the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, under a contract with the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Reference herein to any specific commercial product, process or service by name, trademark, manufacturer or otherwise does not imply its endorsement by the United States government or the Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology. NR 71 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 5 PU COPERNICUS GESELLSCHAFT MBH PI GOTTINGEN PA BAHNHOFSALLEE 1E, GOTTINGEN, 37081, GERMANY SN 1867-1381 EI 1867-8548 J9 ATMOS MEAS TECH JI Atmos. Meas. Tech. PY 2016 VL 9 IS 5 BP 2207 EP 2221 DI 10.5194/amt-9-2207-2016 PG 15 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA DO5XD UT WOS:000377855300016 ER PT J AU Armistead-Jehle, P Grills, CE Bieu, RK Kulas, JF AF Armistead-Jehle, Patrick Grills, Chad E. Bieu, Rachel K. Kulas, Joseph F. TI Clinical utility of the memory complaints inventory to detect invalid test performance SO CLINICAL NEUROPSYCHOLOGIST LA English DT Article DE Memory Complaints Inventory; symptom validity test; performance validity test ID SYMPTOM VALIDITY TESTS; PERSONALITY-ASSESSMENT INVENTORY; TRAUMATIC BRAIN-INJURY; MILITARY SAMPLE; CHRONIC PAIN; IMPAIRMENT; SCALES; FIBROMYALGIA; DEPRESSION; SCORES AB Objective: This investigation was designed to examine the classification statistics of Memory Complaints Inventory (MCI) scores relative to the Medical Symptom Validity Test (MSVT) and the Non-Verbal Medical Symptom Validity Test (NV-MSVT), as well as various validity scales on the Personality Assessment Inventory (PAI) and Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 Restructured Form(MMPI-2-RF). Method: The sample consisted of 339 active duty service members with a history of concussion who completed performance validity tests (PVTs), symptom validity tests (SVTs), and the MCI. Results: Those who failed the MSVT and NV-MSVT had significantly higher scores across all MCI scales. In addition, those who scored above specified cut scores on the evaluated PAI and MMPI-2-RF validity scales also had significantly higher MCI scale scores. Receiver operator characteristics analysis demonstrated acceptable area under the curve (AUC) across the evaluated SVTs for the mean of all MCI subtests with values ranging from (.77 to .86), with comparable findings for PVTs (MSVT AUC=.75; NV-MSVT AUC=.72). Conclusions: In general the MCI scales demonstrated better classification statistics relative to SVTs vs. PVTs, which is consistent with the nature of the MCI as a self-report instrument. C1 [Armistead-Jehle, Patrick] Munson Army Hlth Ctr, Concuss Clin, Dept Behav Hlth, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. [Grills, Chad E.] US Army Hlth Clin, Brain Injury Clin, Schofield Barracks, HI USA. [Bieu, Rachel K.; Kulas, Joseph F.] Vet Affairs Connecticut Healthcare Syst, Dept Psychol, West Haven, CT USA. [Kulas, Joseph F.] Yale Univ, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, West Haven, CT 06516 USA. RP Armistead-Jehle, P (reprint author), Munson Army Hlth Ctr, Concuss Clin, Dept Behav Hlth, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. EM patrick.j.armistead-jehle.civ@mail.mil NR 42 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1385-4046 EI 1744-4144 J9 CLIN NEUROPSYCHOL JI Clin. Neuropsychol. PY 2016 VL 30 IS 4 BP 610 EP 628 DI 10.1080/13854046.2016.1177597 PG 19 WC Psychology, Clinical; Clinical Neurology; Psychology SC Psychology; Neurosciences & Neurology GA DO6YO UT WOS:000377929600009 PM 27117938 ER PT J AU Deni, JR AF Deni, John R. TI Shifting locus of governance? The case of NATO's connected forces initiative SO EUROPEAN SECURITY LA English DT Article DE NATO; CFI; interoperability; Rasmussen; security; alliance ID INTERNATIONAL INSTITUTIONS; POLITICS AB In early 2012, NATO's then-Secretary General, Anders Fogh Rasmussen, unveiled the Connected Forces Initiative (CFI), an effort designed to increase allied interoperability and readiness. Through three lines of effort - training and education, exercises, and better use of technology - the CFI is intended to help the alliance maintain the operational and tactical interoperability it developed in Afghanistan. At first glance, the CFI appears to represent an example of the claims of some neo-institutionalist scholars that there is a shift in the locus of governance from member states to NATO. However, this article takes a deeper look and concludes that in fact the locus of security governance is not shifting, at least not in this instance. Member states of the alliance retain several means of controlling and influencing NATO, thereby preventing it from developing a significant degree of autonomy, in contrast to the European Union or United Nations. C1 [Deni, John R.] US Army, JIIM Secur Studies, Strateg Studies Inst, War Coll, Carlisle, PA USA. RP Deni, JR (reprint author), US Army, JIIM Secur Studies, Strateg Studies Inst, War Coll, Carlisle, PA USA. EM johnrdeni@yahoo.com NR 44 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXFORDSHIRE, ENGLAND SN 0966-2839 EI 1746-1545 J9 EUR SECUR JI Eur. Secur. PY 2016 VL 25 IS 2 BP 181 EP 196 DI 10.1080/09662839.2016.1157067 PG 16 WC International Relations SC International Relations GA DO9DN UT WOS:000378084600002 ER PT J AU Arcone, SA Lever, JH Ray, LE Walker, BS Hamilton, G Kaluzienski, L AF Arcone, Steven A. Lever, James H. Ray, Laura E. Walker, Benjamin S. Hamilton, Gordon Kaluzienski, Lynn TI Ground-penetrating radar profiles of the McMurdo Shear Zone, Antarctica, acquired with an unmanned rover: Interpretation of crevasses, fractures, and folds within firn and marine ice SO GEOPHYSICS LA English DT Article ID FILCHNER-RONNE ICE; POLAR INSTRUMENT NETWORKS; EAST ANTARCTICA; BASAL CREVASSES; BYRD GLACIER; SOLAR-POWER; COOL-ROBOT; SHELF; ROSS; WIDESPREAD AB The crevassed firn of the McMurdo shear zone (SZ) within the Ross Ice Shelf may also contain crevasses deep within its meteoric and marine ice, but the surface crevassing prevents ordinary vehicle access to investigate its structure geophysically. We used a lightweight robotic vehicle to tow 200- and 400-MHz ground-penetrating radar antennas simultaneously along 100 parallel transects over a 28 km(2) grid spanning the SZ width. Transects were generally orthogonal to the ice flow. Total firn and meteoric ice thickness was approximately 160 m. Firn crevasses profiled at 400 MHz were up to 16 m wide, under snow bridges up to 10 m thick, and with strikes near 35 degrees-40 degrees to the transect direction. From the top down, 200-MHz profiles revealed firn diffractions originating to a depth of approximately 40 m, no discernible structure within the meteoric ice, a discontinuous transitional horizon, and at least 20 m of stratified marine ice; 28-31 m of freeboard found more marine ice exists. Based on 10 consecutive transects covering approximately 2.5 km(2), we preliminarily interpreted the transitional horizon to be a thin saline layer, and marine ice hyperbolic diffractions and reflections to be responses to localized fractures, and crevasses filled with unstratified marine ice, all at strikes from 27 degrees to 50 degrees. We preliminarily interpreted off-nadir, marine ice horizons to be responses to linear and folded faults, similar to some in firn. The coinciding and synchronously folded areas of fractured firn and marine ice suggested that the visibly unstructured meteoric ice beneath our grid was also fractured, but either never crevassed, crevassed and sutured without marine ice inclusions, or that any ice containing crevasses might have eroded before marine ice accretion. We will test these interpretations with analysis of all transects and by extending our grid and increasing our depth ranges. C1 [Arcone, Steven A.; Lever, James H.] US Army ERDC Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. [Ray, Laura E.; Walker, Benjamin S.] Dartmouth Coll, Thayer Sch Engn, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. [Hamilton, Gordon; Kaluzienski, Lynn] Univ Maine, Climate Change Inst, Orono, ME USA. RP Arcone, SA (reprint author), US Army ERDC Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. EM steven.a.arcone@erdc.dren.mil; james.h.lever@erdc.dren.mil; laura.e.ray@dartmouth.edu; benjamin.s.walker@dartmouth.edu; gordon.s.hamilton@maine.edu; lynn.kaluzienski@maine.edu FU National Science Foundation science grant [1246400, 1245915]; NSF [T-940] FX Support for this work was provided by National Science Foundation science grant nos. 1246400 and 1245915 to the University of Maine and Dartmouth College, respectively, through the Division of Polar Programs, J. Palais program manager, and NSF grant T-940 to U.S. Army Engineering Research and Development Center-Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory (ERDC-CRREL). All GPR and GPS equipment was supplied by the U.S. Army ERDC-CRREL; permission to publish was granted by the director. We thank CRREL's D. Punt for developing the SIR-30 power supply, summer interns M. Preston and H. Sellmer of Worcester Polytechnic Institute, and B. Winn, formerly of ERDC-CRREL, for their support in testing and improving software. We also thank M. Armstrong and the 109th New York Air National Guard for supporting the Sandia Corporation's development and testing of the 10-GHz imaging radar. NR 54 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU SOC EXPLORATION GEOPHYSICISTS PI TULSA PA 8801 S YALE ST, TULSA, OK 74137 USA SN 0016-8033 EI 1942-2156 J9 GEOPHYSICS JI Geophysics PD JAN-FEB PY 2016 VL 81 IS 1 BP WA21 EP WA34 DI 10.1190/GEO2015-0132.1 PG 14 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA DO6GA UT WOS:000377880100030 ER PT J AU Douglas, TA Jorgenson, MT Brown, DRN Campbell, SW Hiemstra, CA Saari, SP Bjella, K Liljedahl, AK AF Douglas, Thomas A. Jorgenson, M. Torre Brown, Dana R. N. Campbell, Seth W. Hiemstra, Christopher A. Saari, Stephanie P. Bjella, Kevin Liljedahl, Anna K. TI Degrading permafrost mapped with electrical resistivity tomography, airborne imagery and LiDAR, and seasonal thaw measurements SO GEOPHYSICS LA English DT Article ID NEAR-SURFACE PERMAFROST; SOIL THERMAL DYNAMICS; INTERIOR ALASKA USA; CLIMATE-CHANGE; DISCONTINUOUS PERMAFROST; BOREAL FORESTS; BLACK SPRUCE; CARBON; FIRE; VULNERABILITY AB Accurate identification of the relationships between permafrost extent and landscape patterns can help to develop airborne geophysical or remote sensing tools to map permafrost in remote locations or across large areas. These tools will be particularly applicable in discontinuous permafrost where climate warming or disturbances such as human development or fire can lead to rapid permafrost degradation. We have linked field-based geophysical, point-scale, and imagery surveying measurements to map permafrost at five fire scars (1930, 1975, 1988, 2001, and 2010) on the Tanana Flats in central Alaska. Ground-based elevation surveys, seasonal thaw-depth profiles, and electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) measurements were combined with airborne imagery and light detection and ranging (LiDAR) to identify relationships between permafrost geomorphology and elapsed time since fire disturbance. ERT proved to be a robust technique for mapping the presence or absence of permafrost because of the marked difference in resistivity values for frozen versus unfrozen material. There was no clear relationship between elapsed time since fire and permafrost extent at our sites. However, we have found that the transition zone boundaries between permafrost soils and unfrozen soils in the collapse-scar bogs at our sites had complex and unpredictable morphologies. This result suggested that attempts to quantify the presence or absence of permafrost using aerial measurements alone could lead to incomplete results. Taken in total, the results from our study indicated that although ground-based ERT measurements were the most rapid means of mapping permafrost, we were still limited in being able to apply airborne surveying measurements at the landscape scale toward accurately estimating permafrost extent. C1 [Douglas, Thomas A.; Hiemstra, Christopher A.; Saari, Stephanie P.; Bjella, Kevin] US Army Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Ft Wainwright, AK 99703 USA. [Jorgenson, M. Torre] Alaska Ecosci, Fairbanks, AK USA. [Brown, Dana R. N.; Liljedahl, Anna K.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Arctic Biol, Fairbanks, AK USA. [Brown, Dana R. N.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Dept Biol & Wildlife, Fairbanks, AK USA. [Campbell, Seth W.] US Army Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH USA. [Liljedahl, Anna K.] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Water & Environm Res Ctr, Fairbanks, AK USA. RP Douglas, TA (reprint author), US Army Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Ft Wainwright, AK 99703 USA. EM thomas.a.douglas@usace.army.mil; ecoscience@alaska.net; drnossov@alaska.edu; seth.campbell@umit.maine.edu; christopher.a.hiemstra@usace.army.mil; stephanie.p.saari@usace.army.mil; kevin.bjella@usace.army.mil; akliljedahl@alaska.edu FU Department of Defense's Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program [RC-2110]; U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Engineer Research and Development Center's Center Directed Research Program; U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center's Basic Research Program; Changing Arctic Ecosystems Initiative of the U.S. Geological Survey's Ecosystem Mission Area through the Alaska Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit; Institute of Arctic Biology at the University of Alaska Fairbanks FX This research was funded by the Department of Defense's Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program (project no. RC-2110), the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Engineer Research and Development Center's Center Directed Research Program, the U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center's Basic Research Program, and the Changing Arctic Ecosystems Initiative of the U.S. Geological Survey's Ecosystem Mission Area through the Alaska Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit and the Institute of Arctic Biology at the University of Alaska Fairbanks (Brown). S. Newman oversaw the LiDAR data acquisition. D. Rees helped with helicopter logistics. We thank A. Barker, M. Berkeland, K. Bjella, H. Genet, T. Gatesman, A. Gelvin, S. Hayes, M. Jones, K. Jorgenson, M. Lara, H. Lotvonen, K. Nicolato, and A. Wagner for their help with field measurements. Two anonymous reviewers provided constructive comments that strengthened an earlier version of the manuscript. NR 85 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 8 U2 8 PU SOC EXPLORATION GEOPHYSICISTS PI TULSA PA 8801 S YALE ST, TULSA, OK 74137 USA SN 0016-8033 EI 1942-2156 J9 GEOPHYSICS JI Geophysics PD JAN-FEB PY 2016 VL 81 IS 1 BP WA71 EP WA85 DI 10.1190/GEO2015-0149.1 PG 15 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA DO6GA UT WOS:000377880100035 ER PT J AU Dugan, HA Arcone, SA Obryk, MK Doran, PT AF Dugan, Hilary A. Arcone, Steven A. Obryk, Maciej K. Doran, Peter T. TI High-resolution ground-penetrating radar profiles of perennial lake ice in the McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica: Horizon attributes, unconformities, and subbottom penetration SO GEOPHYSICS LA English DT Article ID INTERNAL LAYERS; POLAR DESERT; HOARE; THICKNESS; GPR; SEDIMENTATION; BACKSCATTER; REFLECTION; GLACIERS; COVER AB Ground-penetrating radar (GPR) is not commonly used to study lake ice, and in general, the ground-based use of radar frequencies greater than 500 MHz in cryosphere geophysics is rare, due to a general interest in deeper stratigraphy and the difficulty of extensive profiling over rough snow surfaces. Our goal was to find further information on the origin of the deposition and formation of intra-ice layers, bottom topography, and subbottom deposits using GPR with pulses centered near 850 MHz on two permanently ice-covered lakes in the McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica. The profiles were obtained using a one-person sled operation over Lake Bonney, which is typical of lakes in the region, having an ice thickness that ranges between 3 and 5 m, and Lake Vida, where the maximum ice depth is at least 27 m. Lake Bonney exhibits a semicontinuous sediment horizon at approximately a 2-m depth and several minor horizons. In contrast, Lake Vida contains unconformably eroded and folded continuous reflection horizons, packages of minor horizons between major horizons, evidence of incised fluvial deposition along the bottom, and subbottom penetration of at least 4.5 m in some areas. Where the ice thickness is less than 20 m, the lake is frozen to the bottom. Most horizon waveform phase attributes indicate relatively lower permittivity than in the surrounding matrix. Consequently, we interpreted these strata to be caused by layers of pure ice embedded within a salty and dirty ice matrix, which were formed during minor flooding. These findings supported previous conclusions that Lake Vida ice formed from surface runoff in combination with periods of ablation. C1 [Dugan, Hilary A.] Univ Wisconsin, Ctr Limnol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Dugan, Hilary A.] Cary Inst Ecosyst Studies, Millbrook, NY 12545 USA. [Arcone, Steven A.] US Army Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH USA. [Obryk, Maciej K.] Portland State Univ, Dept Geol, Portland, OR 97207 USA. [Doran, Peter T.] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Geol & Geophys, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. RP Dugan, HA (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Ctr Limnol, Madison, WI 53706 USA.; Dugan, HA (reprint author), Cary Inst Ecosyst Studies, Millbrook, NY 12545 USA. EM hilarydugan@gmail.com; steven.a.arcone@erdc.dren.mil; mobryk@pdx.edu; pdoran@lsu.edu FU United States National Science Foundation Office of Polar Programs [1115245] FX We would like to thank PHI helicopters for their dedicated and safe work. This research was funded by the United States National Science Foundation Office of Polar Programs (grant no. 1115245). Raytheon Polar Services Company (RPSC) Field Safety and Training Program under the United States Antarctic Program provided an equipment loan. NR 32 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 5 PU SOC EXPLORATION GEOPHYSICISTS PI TULSA PA 8801 S YALE ST, TULSA, OK 74137 USA SN 0016-8033 EI 1942-2156 J9 GEOPHYSICS JI Geophysics PD JAN-FEB PY 2016 VL 81 IS 1 BP WA13 EP WA20 DI 10.1190/GEO2015-0159.1 PG 8 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA DO6GA UT WOS:000377880100039 ER PT J AU Bahrampour, S Nasrabadi, NM Ray, A Jenkins, WK AF Bahrampour, Soheil Nasrabadi, Nasser M. Ray, Asok Jenkins, William Kenneth TI Multimodal Task-Driven Dictionary Learning for Image Classification SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON IMAGE PROCESSING LA English DT Article DE Dictionary learning; multimodal classification; sparse representation; feature fusion ID SPARSE REPRESENTATION; ACTION RECOGNITION; FACE RECOGNITION; K-SVD; FUSION; SELECTION; MODEL AB Dictionary learning algorithms have been successfully used for both reconstructive and discriminative tasks, where an input signal is represented with a sparse linear combination of dictionary atoms. While these methods are mostly developed for single-modality scenarios, recent studies have demonstrated the advantages of feature-level fusion based on the joint sparse representation of the multimodal inputs. In this paper, we propose a multimodal task-driven dictionary learning algorithm under the joint sparsity constraint (prior) to enforce collaborations among multiple homogeneous/heterogeneous sources of information. In this task-driven formulation, the multimodal dictionaries are learned simultaneously with their corresponding classifiers. The resulting multimodal dictionaries can generate discriminative latent features (sparse codes) from the data that are optimized for a given task such as binary or multiclass classification. Moreover, we present an extension of the proposed formulation using a mixed joint and independent sparsity prior, which facilitates more flexible fusion of the modalities at feature level. The efficacy of the proposed algorithms for multimodal classification is illustrated on four different applications-multimodal face recognition, multi-view face recognition, multi-view action recognition, and multimodal biometric recognition. It is also shown that, compared with the counterpart reconstructive-based dictionary learning algorithms, the task-driven formulations are more computationally efficient in the sense that they can be equipped with more compact dictionaries and still achieve superior performance. C1 [Bahrampour, Soheil; Ray, Asok; Jenkins, William Kenneth] Penn State Univ, Dept Elect Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Bahrampour, Soheil] Bosch Res & Technol Ctr, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. [Nasrabadi, Nasser M.] US Army, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. [Nasrabadi, Nasser M.] W Virginia Univ, Comp Sci & Elect Engn Dept, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. RP Bahrampour, S (reprint author), Bosch Res & Technol Ctr, Palo Alto, CA 94304 USA. EM soheil.bahrampour@us.bosch.com; nasser.nasrabadi@mail.wvu.edu; axr2@psu.edu; wkj1@psu.edu NR 72 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 6 U2 18 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1057-7149 EI 1941-0042 J9 IEEE T IMAGE PROCESS JI IEEE Trans. Image Process. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 25 IS 1 BP 24 EP 38 DI 10.1109/TIP.2015.2496275 PG 15 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA DP2PD UT WOS:000378330300002 PM 26540686 ER PT J AU Barbee, GA Haley, CL Berry-Caban, CS AF Barbee, George A. Haley, Chelsey L. Berry-Caban, Cristobal S. TI A case of acute carpal tunnel syndrome SO JAAPA-JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF PHYSICIAN ASSISTANTS LA English DT Article DE acute carpal tunnel syndrome; distal radius fracture; carpal fracture; orthopedic; paresthesias; two-point discrimination AB Acute carpal tunnel syndrome is a rare diagnosis in orthopedic medicine. This article describes a 35-year-old man who presented to the ED with complaints of discomfort and paresthesias in his right wrist after a fall, and was subsequently diagnosed with acute carpal tunnel syndrome. The article reviews the pathophysiology of the syndrome and suggested treatment. C1 [Barbee, George A.] Womack Army Med Ctr, Emergency Med, Ft Bragg, NC 28307 USA. [Haley, Chelsey L.] Womack Army Med Ctr, Henry M Jackson Fdn, Ft Bragg, NC 28307 USA. [Berry-Caban, Cristobal S.] Womack Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, Ft Bragg, NC 28307 USA. RP Barbee, GA (reprint author), Womack Army Med Ctr, Emergency Med, Ft Bragg, NC 28307 USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 1547-1896 EI 0893-7400 J9 JAAPA-J AM ACAD PHYS JI JAAPA-J. Am. Acad. Physician Assist. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 29 IS 1 BP 31 EP 32 DI 10.1097/01.JAA.0000473361.84974.14 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA DO3PC UT WOS:000377692500010 PM 26704650 ER PT S AU Carey, VA McElhiney, ME Gupta, N Jensen, J Prather, DW Mirotznik, MS AF Carey, Victoria A. McElhiney, Morgan E. Gupta, Neelam Jensen, Janet Prather, Dennis W. Mirotznik, Mark S. BE Jiang, S Digonnet, MJF TI Design and fabrication of long wave infrared spectral filters SO OPTICAL COMPONENTS AND MATERIALS XIII SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Optical Components and Materials XIII CY FEB 15-17, 2016 CL San Francisco, CA SP SPIE DE Long wave infrared; narrow band filter; reflection filter; guided-mode resonance; perfect absorber; surface plasmons; reflectance target; dithering; Fabry-Perot transmission filter ID MODE RESONANCE FILTERS; GRATING DIFFRACTION; COLOR FILTERS; HOLE ARRAYS; TRANSMISSION; PHOTOGRAPHY; FILMS; IMAGES; LIGHT AB Multispectral and hyperspectral imaging in the long wave infrared (LWIR) spectral region has numerous applications in agriculture, astronomy(20-22), medicine, and the sensing of dangerous chemical/biological agents(23-25). One of the challenges of developing a spectral imaging system in the LWIR is the availability of spectral filters. We will report on three different design methods for realizing spectral filters in the LWIR. The first is an all-dielectric reflection filter based on the guided-mode resonance response. The second is a spatially-varying plasmonic structure that can be used to synthesize complicated spectral reflectance. The third is a Fabry-Perot design for tunable transmission. Numerical and experimental results will be presented. C1 [Carey, Victoria A.; McElhiney, Morgan E.; Prather, Dennis W.; Mirotznik, Mark S.] Univ Delaware, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, 139 Green, Newark, DE 19716 USA. [Gupta, Neelam] US Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD USA. [Jensen, Janet] US Army Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, Edgewood, MD USA. RP Carey, VA (reprint author), Univ Delaware, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, 139 Green, Newark, DE 19716 USA. NR 60 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 4 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-62841-979-5 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9744 AR 97441F DI 10.1117/12.2213157 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Optics SC Materials Science; Optics GA BE9JK UT WOS:000377660700030 ER PT S AU Newburgh, GA Dubinskii, M AF Newburgh, G. A. Dubinskii, M. BE Jiang, S Digonnet, MJF TI A high power eye-safe Er3+:YVO4 laser diode-pumped at 976 nm and emitting at 1603 nm SO OPTICAL COMPONENTS AND MATERIALS XIII SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Optical Components and Materials XIII CY FEB 15-17, 2016 CL San Francisco, CA SP SPIE ID 1.6 MU-M; CRYSTALS AB We report on the performance of an eye-safe laser based on a Er:YVO4 single crystal, diode-pumped at 976 nm (I-4(15/2)-->I-4(11/2) transition) and operating at 1603 nm (I-4(13/2)-->I-4(15/2) transition) with good beam quality. A 10 mm long Er3+:YVO4 slab, cut with its c-axis perpendicular to the laser cavity axis, was pumped in sigma-polarization and lased in pi-polarization. The laser operated in a quasi-continuous wave (Q-CW) regime with nearly 9 W output power, and with a slope efficiency of about 39% with respect to absorbed power. This is believed to be the highest efficiency and highest power achieved from an Er3+:YVO4 laser pumped in the 970-980 nm absorption band. C1 [Newburgh, G. A.; Dubinskii, M.] US Army, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Newburgh, GA (reprint author), US Army, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 3 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-62841-979-5 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9744 AR 97440T DI 10.1117/12.2214559 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Optics SC Materials Science; Optics GA BE9JK UT WOS:000377660700017 ER PT S AU Berry, TE Lord, E Furey, J Morgan, C AF Berry, Thomas E. Lord, Elizabeth Furey, John Morgan, Cliff BE Chenault, DB Goldstein, DH TI Soil polarization data collected for the Global Undisturbed/Disturbed Earth (GUIDE) program SO POLARIZATION: MEASUREMENT, ANALYSIS, AND REMOTE SENSING XII SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Polarization - Measurement, Analysis, and Remote Sensing XII CY APR 18-19, 2016 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE broadband; polarization; hyperspectral; Stokes parameters ID REFLECTANCE; SURFACES AB A key product of the global undisturbed/disturbed earth (GUIDE) program is the development of a soils database of broadband, hyperspectral, and polarized data. As a part of the GUIDE program, the U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center (ERDC) conducted a testing series involving a large variety of instrumentation at several sites at the Yuma Test Center (YTC) in fiscal year 2015 under the auspices of the Joint Improvised Explosive Device Defeat Organization (now the Joint Improvised-Threat Defeat Agency), generating approximately 17 terabytes of data. Most of this data, available through the ERDC, comprises hyperspectral polarimetric scientific data in the visible, near-infrared, shortwave infrared, and longwave infrared bands. As part of this testing series the performance of six handheld devices was characterized. We discuss the process of this data collection at YTC focusing on the polarimetric data, including the two handheld devices that relied on polarization for detection. Although some other polarization states discriminate soils better in some other wavelengths, for certain visible and near-infrared bands the Stokes S-2 parameter provided the best discrimination. C1 [Berry, Thomas E.; Lord, Elizabeth; Furey, John; Morgan, Cliff] US Army Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Berry, TE (reprint author), US Army Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. NR 27 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0094-2 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9853 AR 98530R DI 10.1117/12.2228340 PG 10 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Remote Sensing; Optics SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Remote Sensing; Optics GA BE9KM UT WOS:000377707500021 ER PT S AU Furey, J Zahniser, S Morgan, C AF Furey, John Zahniser, Shellie Morgan, Cliff BE Chenault, DB Goldstein, DH TI Laboratory goniometer approach for spectral polarimetric directionality SO POLARIZATION: MEASUREMENT, ANALYSIS, AND REMOTE SENSING XII SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Polarization - Measurement, Analysis, and Remote Sensing XII CY APR 18-19, 2016 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE goniometer; polarimetry; linear polarization; spectra; hyperspectral; BRDF ID BIDIRECTIONAL REFLECTANCE; SURFACE BRDF; SOIL; POLARIZATION; MODEL; ILLUMINATION; WATER AB A two meter inner diameter goniometer provides approximately 0.1 degrees angular positioning precision for a series of spectral and polarimetric instruments to enable measurements of the directionality of polarized reflectance from soils in the laboratory, at 10 degrees increments along the azimuth and zenith. Polarimetric imaging instruments to be mounted on the goniometer, with linear polarizers in rotators in front of each instrument, include broadband focal plane array imagers in the Visible band (Vis), Near InfraRed (NIR), Short Wave InfraRed (SWIR), and Long Wave InfraRed (LWIR) spectral bands, as well as a hyperspectral imager in the Vis through NIR. Two additional hyperspectral polarimetric imagers in the Vis through NIR, and SWIR, are to be mounted separately with angles measured by laser on the goniometer frame. C1 [Furey, John; Morgan, Cliff] US Army Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Environm Lab, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. [Zahniser, Shellie] US Army Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Geospatial Res Lab, 7701 Telegraph Rd, Alexandria, VA 22315 USA. RP Furey, J (reprint author), US Army Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Environm Lab, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. NR 46 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0094-2 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9853 AR 98530I DI 10.1117/12.2228276 PG 8 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Remote Sensing; Optics SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Remote Sensing; Optics GA BE9KM UT WOS:000377707500012 ER PT S AU Furey, J AF Furey, John BE Chenault, DB Goldstein, DH TI Estimators for overdetermined linear Stokes parameters SO POLARIZATION: MEASUREMENT, ANALYSIS, AND REMOTE SENSING XII SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Polarization - Measurement, Analysis, and Remote Sensing XII CY APR 18-19, 2016 CL Baltimore, MD SP SPIE DE estimators; polarization; inverse modeling; Stokes parameters AB The mathematics of estimating overdetermined polarization parameters is worked out within the context of the inverse modeling of linearly polarized light, and as the primary new result the general solution is presented for estimators of the linear Stokes parameters from any number of measurements. The utility of the general solution is explored in several illustrative examples including the canonical case of two orthogonal pairs. In addition to the actual utility of these estimators in Stokes analysis, the pedagogical discussion illustrates many of the considerations involved in solving the ill-posed problem of overdetermined parameter estimation. Finally, suggestions are made for using a rapidly rotating polarizer for continuously updating polarization estimates. C1 [Furey, John] US Army Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Furey, J (reprint author), US Army Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-1-5106-0094-2 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2016 VL 9853 AR 985306 DI 10.1117/12.2225992 PG 8 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Remote Sensing; Optics SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Remote Sensing; Optics GA BE9KM UT WOS:000377707500006 ER PT B AU Liu, JC Jayakumar, P Stein, JL Ersal, T AF Liu, Jiechao Jayakumar, Paramsothy Stein, Jeffrey L. Ersal, Tulga GP ASME TI AN MPC ALGORITHM WITH COMBINED SPEED AND STEERING CONTROL FOR OBSTACLE AVOIDANCE IN AUTONOMOUS GROUND VEHICLES SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME 8TH ANNUAL DYNAMIC SYSTEMS AND CONTROL CONFERENCE, 2015, VOL 3 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8th ASME Annual Dynamic Systems and Control Conference (DSCC 2015) CY OCT 28-30, 2015 CL Columbus, OH SP ASME, Dynam Syst & Control Div ID MODEL-PREDICTIVE CONTROL; NAVIGATION; DYNAMICS; CAR AB This article presents a model predictive control based obstacle avoidance algorithm for autonomous ground vehicles in unstructured environments. The novelty of the algorithm is the simultaneous optimization of speed and steering without a priori knowledge about the obstacles. Obstacles are detected using a planar light detection and ranging sensor and a multi-phase optimal control problem is formulated to optimize the speed and steering commands within the detection range. Acceleration capability of the vehicle as a function of speed, and stability and handling concerns such as tire lift-off are taken into account as constraints in the optimization problem, whereas the cost function is formulated to navigate the vehicle as quickly as possible with smooth control commands. Thus, a safe and quick navigation is enabled without the need for a preloaded map of the environment. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm is capable of navigating the vehicle through obstacle fields that cannot be cleared with steering control alone. C1 [Liu, Jiechao; Stein, Jeffrey L.; Ersal, Tulga] Univ Michigan, Dept Mech Engn, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Jayakumar, Paramsothy] US Army, RDECOM TARDEC, Warren, MI 48397 USA. RP Ersal, T (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Dept Mech Engn, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. EM ljch@umich.edu; paramsothy.jayakumar.civ@mail.mil; stein@umich.edu; tersal@umich.edu NR 26 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-5726-7 PY 2016 AR V003T44A003-1 PG 10 WC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering, Mechanical SC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering GA BE9IZ UT WOS:000377639200039 ER PT B AU Paldan, JR Gray, JP Vantsevich, VV AF Paldan, Jesse R. Gray, Jeremy P. Vantsevich, Vladimir V. GP ASME TI SENSOR SIGNAL LIMITATIONS IN WHEEL ROTATIONAL KINEMATICS ESTIMATION MODEL SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME 8TH ANNUAL DYNAMIC SYSTEMS AND CONTROL CONFERENCE, 2015, VOL 3 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8th ASME Annual Dynamic Systems and Control Conference (DSCC 2015) CY OCT 28-30, 2015 CL Columbus, OH SP ASME, Dynam Syst & Control Div ID ANGULAR RATE SENSOR; POSITION AB Wheel encoders play an important role in providing information about rotational kinematics of vehicle wheels. The sensor signals are utilized in critical vehicle systems responsible for vehicle safety, traction and braking performance, and stability of motion. This paper starts with an analysis of different types of sensors that have been used in rotational wheel kinematics estimations and controls. The main attention is given to sensor signal limitations related to the accuracy of measurement and response time that are important for agile-to-real-time tire dynamics estimation. A detailed analysis of the wheel rotational velocity estimation process is presented for a conventional Hall Effect digital sensor. Through an analytical modelling, it is shown that this sensor can limit its accuracy due to an increased time for signal information assembly caused by the number of impulses and transient (unsteady) rotational motion in unstable road conditions. A new concept of a rotational kinematics sensor is proposed and modeled as a multi-domain mechatronic system that includes new mechanical elements as well as electrical and magnetic components. The sensor concept provides a smooth continuous signal through the full rotational angle of the wheel and precise information about the rotational velocity and its changes in different unstable road conditions. Computational examples of both sensors (digital and proposed) are demonstrated with the use of a quarter-car model moving over a random road profile in stochastic gripping and rolling resistance conditions. A comparison of the two sensors accuracy to estimate the rotational velocity of the wheel is done with regard to an "ideal" sensor with a unity transfer function. C1 [Paldan, Jesse R.; Vantsevich, Vladimir V.] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Dept Mech Engn, Birmingham, AL USA. [Gray, Jeremy P.] US Army, TARDEC, Warren, MI USA. RP Paldan, JR (reprint author), Univ Alabama Birmingham, Dept Mech Engn, Birmingham, AL USA. EM jpaldan@uab.edu; Jeremy.p.gray.civ@mail.mil; vantsevi@uab.edu NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-5726-7 PY 2016 AR V003T45A001 PG 10 WC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering, Mechanical SC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering GA BE9IZ UT WOS:000377639200041 ER PT J AU Kok, BC Herrell, RK Grossman, SH West, JC Wilk, JE AF Kok, Brian C. Herrell, Richard K. Grossman, Sasha H. West, Joyce C. Wilk, Joshua E. TI Prevalence of Professional Burnout Among Military Mental Health Service Providers SO PSYCHIATRIC SERVICES LA English DT Article ID PSYCHOLOGISTS; WORKERS AB Objective: Professional burnout is a well-documented occupational phenomenon, characterized by the gradual "wearing away" of an individual's physical and mental well-being, resulting in a variety of adverse job-related outcomes. It has been suggested that burnout ismore commonin occupations that require close interpersonal relationships, such as mental health services. Methods: This study surveyed 488 mental health clinicians working with military populations about work-related outcomes, including level of professional burnout, job satisfaction, and other work-related domains. Results: Approximately 21% (weighted) of the sample reported elevated levels of burnout; several domains were found to be significantly associated with burnout. Conclusions: Education about professional burnout symptoms and early intervention are essential to ensure that providers continue to provide optimal care for service members and veterans. C1 [Kok, Brian C.; Herrell, Richard K.; Grossman, Sasha H.; Wilk, Joshua E.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Mil Psychiat, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. [West, Joyce C.] Amer Psychiat Inst Res & Educ, Psychiat Res Network, Arlington, VA USA. RP Kok, BC (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Mil Psychiat, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM bkok@paloaltou.edu FU Military Operational Medicine Research Area Directorate, U.S. Army Medical Research and Materiel Command, Fort Detrick, Maryland FX Funding for this project came from the Military Operational Medicine Research Area Directorate, U.S. Army Medical Research and Materiel Command, Fort Detrick, Maryland. The opinions or assertions contained herein are the private views of the authors and are not to be construed as official or as reflecting the views of the U.S. Department of the Army or the U.S. Department of Defense. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 3 PU AMER PSYCHIATRIC PUBLISHING, INC PI ARLINGTON PA 1000 WILSON BOULEVARD, STE 1825, ARLINGTON, VA 22209-3901 USA SN 1075-2730 EI 1557-9700 J9 PSYCHIAT SERV JI Psychiatr. Serv. PD JAN PY 2016 VL 67 IS 1 BP 137 EP 140 DI 10.1176/appi.ps.201400430 PG 4 WC Health Policy & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Psychiatry SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Psychiatry GA DO4SX UT WOS:000377775000025 PM 26567929 ER PT J AU Kress, MM Touzinsky, KF Vuxton, EA Greenfeld, B Lillycrop, LS Rosati, JD AF Kress, Marin M. Touzinsky, Katherine F. Vuxton, Emily A. Greenfeld, Bari Lillycrop, Linda S. Rosati, Julie D. TI Alignment of US ACE Civil Works Missions to Restore Habitat and Increase Environmental Resiliency SO COASTAL MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE adaptive management; dredging; endangered species; environmental restoration; regional sediment management; resilience; US Army Corps of Engineers; Water Resources Development Act AB The Civil Works mission area of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) spans multiple programs including navigation, flood risk management, infrastructure construction and operation, and environmental stewardship-including restoration and regulation of protected waterways. The national scope of USACE activities means that habitat preservation and restoration projects vary in size and type, while often intersecting spatially with projects under other USACE missions. This intersection can create management challenges that must be resolved. Two USACE initiatives, Engineering With Nature and Regional Sediment Management, explore and implement best practices that combine natural processes and restoration needs with management requirements. This article presents four case studies describing initiatives to 1) design, rehabilitate, and manage infrastructure in alignment with natural processes; 2) manage sediments on a regional scale to support the re-use of material removed from navigation channels for coastal and riverine resiliency, and 3) develop landscape-level plans for waterways management to support conservation efforts. The cumulative effect of multiple efforts to restore functionality lost through anthropogenic alterations and long-term geological change is expected to be a more resilient system at the landscape scale. However, challenges remain in quantifying resilience and the benefits provided by ecosystem services that are affected by management actions. C1 [Kress, Marin M.] US Comm Marine Transportat Syst, Execut Secretariat, 1200 New Jersey Ave SE, Washington, DC 20590 USA. [Touzinsky, Katherine F.; Lillycrop, Linda S.; Rosati, Julie D.] US Army, Corps Engineers, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Coastal & Hydraul Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. [Vuxton, Emily A.; Greenfeld, Bari] US Army, Corps Engineers, Inst Water Resources, Alexandria, VA USA. RP Kress, MM (reprint author), US Comm Marine Transportat Syst, Execut Secretariat, 1200 New Jersey Ave SE, Washington, DC 20590 USA. EM Marin.M.Kress@usace.army.mil NR 46 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 6 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0892-0753 EI 1521-0421 J9 COAST MANAGE JI Coast. Manage. PY 2016 VL 44 IS 3 BP 193 EP 208 DI 10.1080/08920753.2016.1160203 PG 16 WC Environmental Sciences; Environmental Studies SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DN7YN UT WOS:000377296200004 ER PT J AU Camacho, M Song, SA Tolisano, AM AF Camacho, Macario Song, Sungjin A. Tolisano, Anthony M. TI Biomimicry may cure obstructive sleep apnea SO CRANIO-THE JOURNAL OF CRANIOMANDIBULAR PRACTICE LA English DT Editorial Material ID METAANALYSIS C1 [Camacho, Macario; Song, Sungjin A.; Tolisano, Anthony M.] Tripler Army Med Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. RP Camacho, M (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 6 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OR14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0886-9634 EI 2151-0903 J9 CRANIO JI Cranio-J. Craniomandib. Pract. PY 2016 VL 34 IS 3 BP 141 EP 141 DI 10.1080/08869634.2016.1162955 PG 1 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA DO3IR UT WOS:000377675600001 PM 27176456 ER PT S AU Gregory, J Fink, J Stump, E Twigg, J Rogers, J Baran, D Fung, N Young, S AF Gregory, Jason Fink, Jonathan Stump, Ethan Twigg, Jeffrey Rogers, John Baran, David Fung, Nicholas Young, Stuart BE Wettergreen, DS Barfoot, TD TI Application of Multi-Robot Systems to Disaster-Relief Scenarios with Limited Communication SO FIELD AND SERVICE ROBOTICS: RESULTS OF THE 10TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE SE Springer Tracts in Advanced Robotics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 10th International Conference on Field and Service Robotics (FSR) CY JUN 23-26, 2015 CL Toronto, CANADA SP Clearpath Robot, Univ Toronto, Inst Aerosp Studies, Fac Appl Sci & Engn ID RESCUE; ROBOTS AB In this systems description paper, we present a multi-robot solution for intelligence-gathering tasks in disaster-relief scenarios where communication quality is uncertain. First, we propose a formal problem statement in the context of operations research. The hardware configuration of two heterogeneous robotic platforms capable of performing experiments in a relevant field environment and a suite of autonomy-enabled behaviors that support operation in a communication-limited setting are described. We also highlight a custom user interface designed specifically for task allocation amongst a group of robots towards completing a central mission. Finally, we provide an experimental design and extensive, preliminary results for studying the effectiveness of our system. C1 [Gregory, Jason; Fink, Jonathan; Stump, Ethan; Twigg, Jeffrey; Rogers, John; Baran, David; Fung, Nicholas; Young, Stuart] US Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD USA. RP Gregory, J (reprint author), US Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD USA. EM jason.m.gregory1.civ@mail.mil NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER-VERLAG BERLIN PI BERLIN PA HEIDELBERGER PLATZ 3, D-14197 BERLIN, GERMANY SN 1610-7438 BN 978-3-319-27702-8; 978-3-319-27700-4 J9 SPRINGER TRAC ADV RO PY 2016 VL 113 BP 639 EP 653 DI 10.1007/978-3-319-27702-8_42 PG 15 WC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Robotics SC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science; Engineering; Robotics GA BE9BG UT WOS:000377201600042 ER PT J AU Mishra, VK AF Mishra, Vinod K. TI Analytical Approach to Polarization Mode Dispersion in Linearly Spun Fiber with Birefringence SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF OPTICS LA English DT Article ID DIFFERENTIAL GROUP DELAY; VARYING BIREFRINGENCE AB The behavior of Polarization Mode Dispersion (PMD) in spun optical fiber is a topic of great interest in optical networking. Earlier work in this area has focused more on approximate or numerical solutions. In this paper we present analytical results for PMD in spun fibers with triangular spin profile function. It is found that in some parameter ranges the analytical results differ from the approximations. C1 [Mishra, Vinod K.] US Army Res Lab, Aberdeen, MD 21005 USA. RP Mishra, VK (reprint author), US Army Res Lab, Aberdeen, MD 21005 USA. EM vkmishr@gmail.com NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU HINDAWI PUBLISHING CORP PI NEW YORK PA 315 MADISON AVE 3RD FLR, STE 3070, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1687-9384 EI 1687-9392 J9 INT J OPT JI Int. J. Opt. PY 2016 AR 9753151 DI 10.1155/2016/9753151 PG 9 WC Optics SC Optics GA DN8UQ UT WOS:000377355600001 ER PT B AU Bravo, L Wijeyakulasuriya, S Pomraning, E Senecal, PK Kweon, CB AF Bravo, Luis Wijeyakulasuriya, Sameera Pomraning, Eric Senecal, P. K. Kweon, Chol Bum GP ASME TI LARGE EDDY SIMULATION OF HIGH REYNOLDS NUMBER NON-REACTING AND REACTING JP8 SPRAYS WITH A KEROSENE SURROGATE AND DETAILED CHEMISTRY SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE DIVISION FALL TECHNICAL CONFERENCE, 2015, VOL 2 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT ASME Internal Combustion Engine Division Fall Technical Conference CY NOV 08-11, 2015 CL Houston, TX SP ASME, Internal Combust Engine Div ID IGNITION; FUEL AB High-resolution single-plume JP-8 spray simulations have been performed to characterize detailed mixture formation process of high-pressure sprays for several common rail fuel injectors of interest to the Army. The first phase of the study involves examining the spray-induced turbulent mixing and global penetration parameters to present experimentally validated results across several computationally challenging length scales. Statistical convergence effects on the spray behavior and penetration profiles are presented by conducting several realizations for each injection case study. The second phase of the project adopts the grid-criteria approach developed for evaporating conditions to model turbulent combustion of a JP-8 reacting spray at compression-ignition engine conditions. A coupled Eulerian Lagrangian formulation is used to model the ensuing spray primary and secondary atomization regions using classical Kelvin Helmholtz - Rayleigh Taylor (KH-RT) wave type models. The flow turbulence subgrid scale microstructure is modeled via Dynamic Structure Large Eddy Simulation (DSLES) approach, largely resolving the anisotropic flow structures. The simulations are conducted across several fuel injector nozzle orifice dimensions ranging from 40-147 mu m at a rail pressure of 1000 bar and typical compression-ignition engine operating condition of 900K and 60 bar, which is denoted as ECN Spray A. Liquid fuel physical properties are prescribed using a JP-8 surrogate mixture containing 80% n-decane and 20% trimethylbenzene (TMB) by volume. C1 [Bravo, Luis; Kweon, Chol Bum] Army Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. [Wijeyakulasuriya, Sameera; Pomraning, Eric; Senecal, P. K.] Convergent Sci Inc, Madison, WI USA. RP Bravo, L (reprint author), Army Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. NR 33 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-5728-1 PY 2016 AR V002T06A016 PG 18 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA BE9IW UT WOS:000377638900032 ER PT S AU Hyden, P Moskowitz, IS Russell, S AF Hyden, Paul Moskowitz, Ira S. Russell, Stephen BE Babiceanu, R Waeselynck, H Paul, RA Cukic, B Xu, J TI Using Network Topology to Supplement High Assurance Systems SO 2016 IEEE 17TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON HIGH ASSURANCE SYSTEMS ENGINEERING (HASE) SE IEEE International Symposium on High-Assurance Systems Engineering LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 17th IEEE International Symposium on High Assurance Systems Engineering (HASE) CY JAN 07-09, 2016 CL Orlando, FL SP IEEE, IEEE Comp Soc, Embry Riddle Aeronaut Univ, IEEE Comp Soc Tech CommDistributed Proc, Cybersecur & Assured Syst Engn AB We explore strategies for manipulating the topology of a network to promote increased and pragmatic high assurance. Topology matters to network threats and security, and the relative distance between nodes can impact the rate of dispersion of viruses, as well as access times in denial of service (DoS), probing, and insider threat attacks. We suggest methods to separate threatening and threatened nodes with enough hops to reduce and degrade risks. This analysis provides network analysts with an option to include other measures such as risk to the construction and management of high assurance systems. We consider a scaled down model to demonstrate the proof of concept using artificial data. Specifically, we explore the efficacy of ring networks and the structure that occurs on k-hop networks when there are a prime number of nodes. This provides strategies and processes for real network operators to include information about risks associated with network participants. C1 [Hyden, Paul; Moskowitz, Ira S.] US Naval Res Lab, Informat Management & Decis Architectures Branch, Code 5580, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Russell, Stephen] US Army Res Lab, Battlefield Informat Proc Branch, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Hyden, P (reprint author), US Naval Res Lab, Informat Management & Decis Architectures Branch, Code 5580, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1530-2059 BN 978-1-4673-9912-8 J9 IEEE HI ASS SYS ENGR PY 2016 BP 213 EP 219 DI 10.1109/HASE.2016.51 PG 7 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA BE8WG UT WOS:000377098300030 ER PT S AU Acosta, JC Salamah, S AF Acosta, Jaime C. Salamah, Salamah BE Babiceanu, R Waeselynck, H Paul, RA Cukic, B Xu, J TI An Analysis Platform for Execution-based Model Generation SO 2016 IEEE 17TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON HIGH ASSURANCE SYSTEMS ENGINEERING (HASE) SE IEEE International Symposium on High-Assurance Systems Engineering LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 17th IEEE International Symposium on High Assurance Systems Engineering (HASE) CY JAN 07-09, 2016 CL Orlando, FL SP IEEE, IEEE Comp Soc, Embry Riddle Aeronaut Univ, IEEE Comp Soc Tech CommDistributed Proc, Cybersecur & Assured Syst Engn AB Generating models from binary execution outputs can result in efficient network system security analysis. Previous work in execution-based model generation has shown success for analyzing impacts of routing attacks, but requires a large amount of manual and expert-level intervention due to the lack of a structured analysis platform. In this document, we describe our ongoing work to build SEDAP, which is a plugin-based platform that provides a flexible and efficient mechanism for the model generation process. This platform consists of a web portal that allows analysts to setup network scenarios, view resultant data, and execute analysis algorithms. C1 [Acosta, Jaime C.] US Army Res Lab, Survivabil Lethal Anal Directorate, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. [Salamah, Salamah] Univ Texas El Paso, Dept Comp Sci, El Paso, TX 79968 USA. RP Acosta, JC (reprint author), US Army Res Lab, Survivabil Lethal Anal Directorate, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1530-2059 BN 978-1-4673-9912-8 J9 IEEE HI ASS SYS ENGR PY 2016 BP 246 EP 247 DI 10.1109/HASE.2016.12 PG 2 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA BE8WG UT WOS:000377098300037 ER PT J AU Grujicic, M Snipes, J Ramaswami, S Avuthu, V Yen, CF Cheeseman, B AF Grujicic, Mica Snipes, Jennifer Ramaswami, S. Avuthu, Vasudeva Yen, Chian-Fong Cheeseman, Bryan TI Derivation of the material models for ultra-high molecular-weight polyethylene fiber-reinforced armor-grade composites with different architectures SO ENGINEERING COMPUTATIONS LA English DT Article DE Material model; Armor-grade composites; Ballistic performance; High-performance fibers ID BALLISTIC IMPACT; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; LAMINATED KEVLAR; FORCE-FIELD; PENETRATION; PROJECTILES; FAILURE; COMPASS; EPOXY AB Purpose - To overcome the problem of inferior through-the-thickness mechanical properties displayed by armor-grade composites based on two-dimensional (2D) reinforcement architectures, armor-grade composites based on three-dimensional (3D) fiber-reinforcement architectures have recently been investigated experimentally. The paper aims to discuss this issue. Design/methodology/approach - The subject of the present work is armor-grade composite materials reinforced using ultra-high-molecular-weight polyethylene fibers and having four (two 2D and two 3D) prototypical architectures, as well as the derivation of the corresponding material models. The effect of the reinforcement architecture is accounted for by constructing the appropriate unit cells (within which the constituent materials and their morphologies are represented explicitly) and subjecting them to a series of virtual mechanical tests (VMTs). The results obtained are used within a post-processing analysis to derive and parameterize the corresponding homogenized-material models. One of these models (specifically, the one for 0 degrees/90 degrees cross-collimated fiber architecture) was directly validated by comparing its predictions with the experimental counterparts. The other models are validated by examining their physical soundness and details of their predictions. Lastly, the models are integrated as user-material subroutines, and linked with a commercial finite-element package, in order to carry out a transient non-linear dynamics analysis of ballistic transverse impact of armor-grade composite-material panels with different reinforcement architectures. Findings - It is found that the reinforcement architecture plays a critical role in the overall ballistic limit of the armor panel, as well as in its structural and damage/failure response. Originality/value - To the authors(knowledge, the present work is the first reported attempt to assess, computationally, the utility and effectiveness of 3D fiber-reinforcement architectures for ballistic impact applications. C1 [Grujicic, Mica; Snipes, Jennifer; Ramaswami, S.; Avuthu, Vasudeva] Clemson Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Clemson, SC USA. [Yen, Chian-Fong; Cheeseman, Bryan] Army Res Lab, Survivabil Mat Branch, Aberdeen, MD USA. RP Grujicic, M (reprint author), Clemson Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Clemson, SC USA. FU Army Research Office (ARO) [W911NF-11-1-0207] FX The material presented in this paper is based on work supported by an Army Research Office (ARO) sponsored grant entitled "Friction Stir Welding Behavior of Selected 2000-series and 5000-series Aluminum Alloys" (Contract Number W911NF-11-1-0207). The authors are indebted to Dr Asher Rubinstein of ARO for his continuing support and interest in the present work. NR 45 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 6 PU EMERALD GROUP PUBLISHING LTD PI BINGLEY PA HOWARD HOUSE, WAGON LANE, BINGLEY BD16 1WA, W YORKSHIRE, ENGLAND SN 0264-4401 EI 1758-7077 J9 ENG COMPUTATION JI Eng. Comput. PY 2016 VL 33 IS 3 BP 926 EP 956 DI 10.1108/EC-05-2015-0120 PG 31 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications; Mechanics SC Computer Science; Engineering; Mathematics; Mechanics GA DN4OI UT WOS:000377046700015 ER PT B AU Donnelly, MP AF Donnelly, Michael P. BA Cooper, BS Spielhagen, FR Ricci, C BF Cooper, BS Spielhagen, FR Ricci, C TI STATE POWER VERSUS PARENTAL RIGHTS An International Human Rights Perspective on Home Education SO HOMESCHOOLING IN NEW VIEW, SECOND EDITION LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Donnelly, Michael P.] Home Schooling Legal Def Assoc, Global Outreach, Purcellville, VA USA. [Donnelly, Michael P.] US Army, Ft Knox, KY USA. RP Donnelly, MP (reprint author), Home Schooling Legal Def Assoc, Global Outreach, Purcellville, VA USA. NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INFORMATION AGE PUBLISHING-IAP PI CHARLOTTE PA PO BOX 79049, CHARLOTTE, NC 28271-7047 USA BN 978-1-68123-350-5 PY 2016 BP 65 EP 82 PG 18 WC Education & Educational Research SC Education & Educational Research GA BE7OT UT WOS:000375631000005 ER PT J AU Lisanti, CJ Hounshell, C Pate, CL Reiter, MJ Schwope, RB AF Lisanti, Christopher J. Hounshell, Charles Pate, Christopher L. Reiter, Michael J. Schwope, Ryan B. TI Effect of Low-Osmolar Intravenous Contrast on Renal Length SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTER ASSISTED TOMOGRAPHY LA English DT Article DE iodinated contrast; renal length; renal physiology; CT; CT urogaphy ID VASODILATED EXCRETORY UROGRAPHY; KIDNEY LENGTH; SIZE; CT; VOLUME AB Objective: The purpose was to study the effect of low-osmolar nonionic contrast on renal length. Material and Methods: This study included 56 patients (4-phase renal computed tomography [CT] and 4-phase CT urogram [CTU], 19 patients each; split-phase CTU, 18 patients). Three radiologists created the best off-axis plane and renal lengths measured on a postprocessing workstation. Two-way analysis of variance with Bonferroni corrections was performed along with single-sample t tests. Results: Four-phase renal CT and CTU average differences from unenhanced phases were 0.30/0.16 mm (corticomedullary), 0.88/1.33 mm (nephrographic), and 2.17/2.22 mm (delayed). The nephrographic and delayed phases were significantly different from their unenhanced phase (P < 0.01). Nonsignificant differences between the corticomedullary phase and the unenhanced phase were observed (P = 0.217, 4-phase renal CT; P= 0.232, 4-phase CTU). The split-phase CTU average difference in the enhanced phase was 1.36 mm (P < 0.001). Conclusion: Renal length increases 1 to 2 mm with low-osmolar nonionic contrast. C1 [Lisanti, Christopher J.; Hounshell, Charles; Schwope, Ryan B.] San Antonio Mil Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. [Lisanti, Christopher J.; Schwope, Ryan B.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Radiol, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Pate, Christopher L.] Brooke Army Med Ctr, Div Resource Management, Houston, TX USA. [Reiter, Michael J.] SUNY Stony Brook, Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. RP Lisanti, CJ (reprint author), San Antonio Mil Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM Lisantic@aol.com NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 0363-8715 EI 1532-3145 J9 J COMPUT ASSIST TOMO JI J. Comput. Assist. Tomogr. PD JAN-FEB PY 2016 VL 40 IS 1 BP 167 EP 171 DI 10.1097/RCT.0000000000000345 PG 5 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA DN2ND UT WOS:000376899400024 PM 26571059 ER PT J AU Hsu, FL Winemiller, MD Bae, SY AF Hsu, Fu-Lian Winemiller, Mark D. Bae, Su Y. TI Mass spectral studies of 1-(2-chloroethoxy)-2-[(2-chloroethyl)thio]ethane and related compounds using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and gas chromatography-triple quad mass spectrometry (GC-QQQ) SO PHOSPHORUS SULFUR AND SILICON AND THE RELATED ELEMENTS LA English DT Article DE Sulfur mustard; degradation products; gas chromatography; tandem mass spectrometry; fragmentation ID METASTABLE ION CHARACTERISTICS; MUSTARD HYDROLYSIS PRODUCTS; 2-CHLOROETHYL ETHYL SULFIDE; SULFUR VESICANTS; ELECTRON-IMPACT; COLLISIONAL ACTIVATION; RETENTION INDEXES; DEGRADATION; SULPHOXIDES; SULPHONES AB The electron impact and collision-ion-dissociation mass spectra of 1-(2-chloroethoxy)-2-[(2-chloroethyl) thio]ethane (1) and 10 related molecules were obtained using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and gas chromatography-triple quad mass spectrometry. These mass spectral studies were performed to facilitate the development of a spectral database of mustard-related compounds for verification purposes of the Chemical Weapons Convention. The proposed fragmentation pathways of each individual molecule (1-11) are reported along with rationalizations for the most characteristic ions. C1 [Hsu, Fu-Lian; Winemiller, Mark D.; Bae, Su Y.] US Army, ECBC, Res & Technol Directorate, Gunpowder, MD 21010 USA. RP Bae, SY (reprint author), US Army, ECBC, Res & Technol Directorate, Gunpowder, MD 21010 USA. EM su.y.bae.civ@mail.mil FU Defense Threat Reduction Agency-Joint Science and Technology Office (DTRA-JSTO) FX The authors would like to thank Dr. Eric Moore at the Defense Threat Reduction Agency-Joint Science and Technology Office (DTRA-JSTO) for funding this work. NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 2 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OR14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1042-6507 EI 1563-5325 J9 PHOSPHORUS SULFUR JI Phosphorus Sulfur Silicon Relat. Elem. PY 2016 VL 191 IS 6 BP 958 EP 964 DI 10.1080/10426507.2015.1119145 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA DN5OW UT WOS:000377120900022 ER PT J AU Dretsch, M Panenka, W Emmerich, T Crynen, G Ait-Ghezala, G Chaytow, H Mathura, V Gardner, A Crawford, F Iverson, G AF Dretsch, Michael Panenka, William Emmerich, Tanja Crynen, Gogce Ait-Ghezala, Ghania Chaytow, Helena Mathura, Venkat Gardner, Andrew Crawford, Fiona Iverson, Grant TI BDNF Met/Met genotype is associated with increased lifetime risk for concussion in active duty soldiers SO BRAIN INJURY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Dretsch, Michael] US Army Aeromed Res Lab, Ft Rucker, AL USA. [Dretsch, Michael] HQ TRADOC, Human Dimens Div, Ft Eustis, VA USA. [Panenka, William] Univ British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada. [Emmerich, Tanja; Crynen, Gogce; Ait-Ghezala, Ghania; Chaytow, Helena; Mathura, Venkat; Crawford, Fiona] Roskamp Inst, Sarasota, FL USA. [Gardner, Andrew] John Hunter Hosp, Callaghan, NSW, Australia. [Iverson, Grant] Harvard Univ, Med Ctr, Boston, MA 02115 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0269-9052 EI 1362-301X J9 BRAIN INJURY JI Brain Inj. PY 2016 VL 30 IS 5-6 MA 0113 BP 518 EP 519 PG 2 WC Neurosciences; Rehabilitation SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Rehabilitation GA DM5KP UT WOS:000376388200091 ER PT J AU Dretsch, M Crawford, F Gardner, A Emmerich, T Crynen, G Ait-Ghezala, G Chaytow, H Mathura, V Panenka, W Iverson, G AF Dretsch, Michael Crawford, Fiona Gardner, Andrew Emmerich, Tanja Crynen, Gogce Ait-Ghezala, Ghania Chaytow, Helena Mathura, Venkat Panenka, William Iverson, Grant TI ApoE genotype and lifetime risk for concussion in active duty soldiers SO BRAIN INJURY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Dretsch, Michael] US Army Aeromed Res Lab, Ft Rucker, AL USA. [Crawford, Fiona; Emmerich, Tanja; Crynen, Gogce; Ait-Ghezala, Ghania; Chaytow, Helena; Mathura, Venkat] Roskamp Inst, Sarasota, FL USA. [Gardner, Andrew] John Hunter Hosp, Callaghan, NSW, Australia. [Panenka, William] Univ British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1M9, Canada. [Iverson, Grant] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA USA. HQ TRADOC, Human Dimens Div, Ft Eustis, VA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0269-9052 EI 1362-301X J9 BRAIN INJURY JI Brain Inj. PY 2016 VL 30 IS 5-6 MA 0114 BP 519 EP 519 PG 1 WC Neurosciences; Rehabilitation SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Rehabilitation GA DM5KP UT WOS:000376388200092 ER PT J AU Qashu, F Arrieux, J Ivins, B Cole, W AF Qashu, Felicia Arrieux, Jacques Ivins, Brian Cole, Wesley TI The ability of four computerized neurocognitive assessment tools to distinguish between soldiers with and without mild traumatic brain injury SO BRAIN INJURY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Qashu, Felicia; Ivins, Brian] Def & Vet Brain Injury Ctr, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Arrieux, Jacques; Cole, Wesley] Def & Vet Brain Injury Ctr, Ft Bragg, NC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0269-9052 EI 1362-301X J9 BRAIN INJURY JI Brain Inj. PY 2016 VL 30 IS 5-6 MA 0622 BP 722 EP 722 PG 1 WC Neurosciences; Rehabilitation SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Rehabilitation GA DM5KP UT WOS:000376388200535 ER PT J AU Brenner, L Bahraini, N Weaver, L Churchill, S Price, R Skiba, V Caviness, J Mooney, S Hetzell, B Liu, J Thieling, S Deru, K Ricciardi, R Francisco, S Close, N Miller, R AF Brenner, Lisa Bahraini, Nazanin Weaver, Lindell Churchill, Susan Price, Robert Skiba, Virginia Caviness, James Mooney, Scott Hetzell, Brian Liu, Jun Thieling, Sarah Deru, Kayla Ricciardi, Richard Francisco, Susan Close, Nicole Miller, Robert TI Effects of hyperbaric oxygen on symptoms and quality-of-life among US Military service members with persistent post-concussion symptoms: A randomized, double-blind, sham-controlled trial SO BRAIN INJURY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Brenner, Lisa; Bahraini, Nazanin] Rocky Mt MIRECC, Denver, CO USA. [Weaver, Lindell] Univ Utah, Sch Med, Salt Lake City, UT USA. [Churchill, Susan; Deru, Kayla] LDS Hosp, Dept Hyperbar Med, Salt Lake City, UT USA. [Price, Robert] Evans Army Community Hosp, Ft Carson, CO USA. [Skiba, Virginia] Naval Hosp Camp Lejeune, Camp Lejeune, NC USA. [Caviness, James] Naval Hosp Camp Pendleton, Camp Pendleton, CA USA. [Mooney, Scott] Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Ft Gordon, GA USA. [Hetzell, Brian; Liu, Jun; Thieling, Sarah] Pharmaceut Prod Dev LLC PPD, Wilmington, NC USA. [Ricciardi, Richard] Def Ctr Excellence Psychol Hlth & Traumat Brain I, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Francisco, Susan; Miller, Robert] US Army Med Mat Dev Act, Ft Detrick, MD USA. [Close, Nicole] Empiristat Inc, Mt Airy, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0269-9052 EI 1362-301X J9 BRAIN INJURY JI Brain Inj. PY 2016 VL 30 IS 5-6 MA 0639 BP 729 EP 729 PG 1 WC Neurosciences; Rehabilitation SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Rehabilitation GA DM5KP UT WOS:000376388200551 ER PT J AU Scrimgeour, A Condlin, M Joosen, M AF Scrimgeour, Angus Condlin, Michelle Joosen, Marloes TI Improving treatments and outcomes in TBI: An emerging role for dietary zinc SO BRAIN INJURY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Scrimgeour, Angus; Condlin, Michelle] US Army Res Inst Environm Med, Mil Nutr Div, Natick, MA USA. [Joosen, Marloes] TNO Def Secur & Safety, Rijswijk, Netherlands. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0269-9052 EI 1362-301X J9 BRAIN INJURY JI Brain Inj. PY 2016 VL 30 IS 5-6 MA 0785 BP 784 EP 785 PG 2 WC Neurosciences; Rehabilitation SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Rehabilitation GA DM5KP UT WOS:000376388200673 ER PT J AU Eiland, D AF Eiland, Dianna TI Concusion injuries brain injury and suicide SO BRAIN INJURY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Eiland, Dianna] US Army, Alexandria, VA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0269-9052 EI 1362-301X J9 BRAIN INJURY JI Brain Inj. PY 2016 VL 30 IS 5-6 MA 0865 BP 815 EP 815 PG 1 WC Neurosciences; Rehabilitation SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Rehabilitation GA DM5KP UT WOS:000376388200743 ER PT J AU Alving, CR Beck, Z Matyas, GR Rao, M AF Alving, Carl R. Beck, Zoltan Matyas, Gary R. Rao, Mangala TI Liposomal adjuvants for human vaccines SO EXPERT OPINION ON DRUG DELIVERY LA English DT Review DE Adjuvant; immunostimulation; liposomes; vaccine ID MALARIA SPOROZOITE ANTIGEN; NONTOXIC LIPID-A; T-CELL RESPONSES; RECONSTITUTED INFLUENZA VIROSOMES; MEDIATED IMMUNE-RESPONSES; MYCOBACTERIUM-TUBERCULOSIS; DELIVERY-SYSTEMS; HEPATITIS-A; PHASE-I; IMMUNOLOGICAL ADJUVANTS AB Introduction: Liposomes are well-known as drug carriers, and are now critical components of two of six types of adjuvants present in licensed vaccines. The liposomal vaccine adjuvant field has long been dynamic and innovative, and research in this area is further examined as new commercial products appear in parallel with new vaccines. In an arena where successful products exist the potential for new types of vaccines with liposomal adjuvants, and alternative liposomal adjuvants that could emerge for new types of vaccines, are discussed. Areas covered: Major areas include: virosomes, constructed from phospholipids and proteins from influenza virus particles; liposomes containing natural and synthetic neutral or anionic phospholipids, cholesterol, natural or synthetic monophosphoryl lipid A, and QS21 saponin; non-phospholipid cationic liposomes; and combinations and mixtures of liposomes and immunostimulating ingredients as adjuvants for experimental vaccines. Expert opinion: Liposomes containing monophosphoryl lipid A and QS21 have considerable momentum that will result soon in emergence of prophylactic vaccines to malaria and shingles, and possible novel cancer vaccines. The licensed virosome vaccines to influenza and hepatitis A will be replaced with virosome vaccines to other infectious diseases. Alternative liposomal formulations are likely to emerge for difficult diseases such as tuberculosis or HIV-1 infection. C1 [Alving, Carl R.; Beck, Zoltan; Matyas, Gary R.; Rao, Mangala] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, US Mil HIV Res Program, Lab Adjuvant & Antigen Res, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. [Beck, Zoltan] Henry M Jackson Fdn Adv Mil Med, US Mil HIV Res Program, Bethesda, MD USA. RP Alving, CR (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, US Mil HIV Res Program, Lab Adjuvant & Antigen Res, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM calving@hivresearch.org OI Matyas, Gary/0000-0002-2074-2373 FU Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine [W81XWH-07-2-067]; U.S. Army Medical Research and Materiel Command (MRMC) [W81XWH-07-2-067] FX This work was supported through a Cooperative Agreement Award (no. W81XWH-07-2-067) between the Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine and the U.S. Army Medical Research and Materiel Command (MRMC). The views expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the official policy of the Department of the Army, Department of Defense, or the U.S. Government. The authors have no other relevant affiliations or financial involvement with any organization or entity with a financial interest in or financial conflict with the subject matter or materials discussed in the manuscript apart from those disclosed NR 89 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 5 U2 13 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 2-4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OR14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1742-5247 EI 1744-7593 J9 EXPERT OPIN DRUG DEL JI Expert Opin. Drug Deliv. PY 2016 VL 13 IS 6 BP 807 EP 816 DI 10.1517/17425247.2016.1151871 PG 10 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA DM5NC UT WOS:000376395200005 PM 26866300 ER PT J AU Moradi, M Kim, JC Qi, JF Xu, K Li, X Ceder, G Belcher, AM AF Moradi, Maryam Kim, Jae Chul Qi, Jifa Xu, Kang Li, Xin Ceder, Gerbrand Belcher, Angela M. TI A bio-facilitated synthetic route for nano-structured complex electrode materials SO GREEN CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID LITHIUM-ION BATTERIES; CATHODE MATERIAL; MONOCLINIC LIMNBO3; CAPACITY; COMPOSITE AB We investigate an energy-efficient synthesis that merges the bio-templated technique and solid-state reactions to produce nano-structured lithiated polyanions. With the aid of bio-templates based on an M13 virus, the thermal budget of an annealing process can be reduced, and the nano-structured characteristics of the precursors are preserved in the product. This method enables us to successfully prepare monoclinic LiMnBO3 with an average particle size of 20 nm in a 1 h annealing process, showing improved electrochemical properties compared with the conventionally synthesized one. Thus, we consider that this bio-facilitated method can open up an environmentally-friendly pathway to produce nano-structured electrode materials with an enhanced performance. C1 [Moradi, Maryam; Kim, Jae Chul; Qi, Jifa; Li, Xin; Ceder, Gerbrand; Belcher, Angela M.] MIT, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Moradi, Maryam; Qi, Jifa; Li, Xin; Belcher, Angela M.] MIT, David H Koch Inst Integrat Canc Res, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Moradi, Maryam; Qi, Jifa; Belcher, Angela M.] MIT, Dept Biol Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Kim, Jae Chul; Ceder, Gerbrand] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. [Xu, Kang] US Army, Res Lab, Power & Energy Div Sensor, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. [Xu, Kang] US Army, Res Lab, Elect Devices Directorate, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. [Ceder, Gerbrand] Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Belcher, AM (reprint author), MIT, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.; Belcher, AM (reprint author), MIT, David H Koch Inst Integrat Canc Res, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA.; Belcher, AM (reprint author), MIT, Dept Biol Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. EM belcher@mit.edu RI bagheri, amir/C-3274-2017 FU Institute for Collaborative Biotechnologies from the U.S. Army Research Office [W911NF-09-0001]; MRSEC Program of the National Science Foundation [DMR-0819762]; Office of Vehicle Technologies of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC02-05CH11231] FX This study was supported by the Institute for Collaborative Biotechnologies through grant W911NF-09-0001 from the U.S. Army Research Office. The content of the information does not necessarily reflect the position or the policy of the Government, and no official endorsement should be inferred. J.C. Kim, X. Li, and G. Ceder acknowledge Robert Bosch GmbH, Umicore, and the MRSEC Program of the National Science Foundation under award number DMR-0819762 and by the Assistant Secretary for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy, Office of Vehicle Technologies of the U.S. Department of Energy under Contract no. DE-AC02-05CH11231, under the Batteries for Advanced Transportation Technologies (BATT) Program for financial support. NR 33 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 8 U2 19 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1463-9262 EI 1463-9270 J9 GREEN CHEM JI Green Chem. PY 2016 VL 18 IS 9 BP 2619 EP 2624 DI 10.1039/c6gc00273k PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics GA DK9ZO UT WOS:000375291100007 ER PT B AU Doona, CJ Kustin, K Feeherry, FE Ross, EW AF Doona, Christopher J. Kustin, Kenneth Feeherry, Florence E. Ross, Edward W. BE Balasubramaniam, VM BarbosaCanovas, GV Lelieveld, HLM TI Mathematical Models Based on Transition State Theory for the Microbial Safety of Foods by High Pressure SO HIGH PRESSURE PROCESSING OF FOOD: PRINCIPLES, TECHNOLOGY AND APPLICATIONS SE Food Engineering Series LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE Transition state theory; Kinetics; Enhanced quasi-chemical kinetics model; Food safety ID QUASI-CHEMICAL MODEL; LISTERIA-MONOCYTOGENES; SUPERDORMANT SPORES; DEATH; GROWTH; INACTIVATION; TEMPERATURE; KINETICS; MICROORGANISMS; ACTIVATION AB Prior to the development of transition state theory, the Arrhenius equation was the principal relationship used in describing the temperature dependence of chemical reaction rates. Research into determining the theoretical basis for the Arrhenius parameters A (pre-exponential factor) and Ea (activation energy) led to the development of transition state theory and the Eyring equation, whose central postulate is a hypothetical transient state called the activated complex that forms through interactions between reactants before they can become products during the process of a chemical reaction. It is from the perspective of transition state theory that we develop two secondary models to reflect the effects of temperature and of high pressure on microbial inactivation by the emerging nonthermal technology of high pressure processing (HPP), and we designate these as transition state (TS) models TST and TSP, respectively. These secondary models are applied to data obtained with two primary models, the enhanced quasi-chemical kinetics (EQCK) differential equation model and the Weibull distribution empirical model, that were used to evaluate nonlinear inactivation kinetics for baro-resistant Listeria monocytogenes in a surrogate protein food system by HPP for various combinations of pressure (207-414 MPa) and temperature (20-50 degrees C). The mathematical relationships of TST and TSP involve primarily the unique model parameter called "processing time parameter" (t(p),), which was developed to evaluate inactivation kinetics data showing tailing. These detailed secondary models, as applied to the parameters of the EQCK and Weibull primary models, have important ramifications for ensuring food safety and the shelf life of food products and support the growing uses of HPP for the safe preservation of foodstuffs. C1 [Doona, Christopher J.; Feeherry, Florence E.; Ross, Edward W.] US Army, Warfighter Directorate, Natick Soldier RD&E Ctr, Gen Greene Ave, Natick, MA 01760 USA. [Kustin, Kenneth] Brandeis Univ, Dept Chem, Waltham, MA 02254 USA. RP Doona, CJ (reprint author), US Army, Warfighter Directorate, Natick Soldier RD&E Ctr, Gen Greene Ave, Natick, MA 01760 USA. EM Christopher.j.doona.civ@mail.mil NR 26 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES BN 978-1-4939-3234-4; 978-1-4939-3233-7 J9 FOOD ENG SER PY 2016 BP 331 EP 349 DI 10.1007/978-1-4939-3234-4_17 D2 10.1007/978-1-4939-3234-4 PG 19 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA BE4MF UT WOS:000371921200018 ER PT B AU Stewart, CM Dunne, CP Keener, L AF Stewart, Cynthia M. Dunne, C. Patrick Keener, Larry BE Balasubramaniam, VM BarbosaCanovas, GV Lelieveld, HLM TI Pressure-Assisted Thermal Sterilization Validation SO HIGH PRESSURE PROCESSING OF FOOD: PRINCIPLES, TECHNOLOGY AND APPLICATIONS SE Food Engineering Series LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE Pressure-assisted thermal sterilization; Validation; C. botulinum; Commercial sterility ID HIGH HYDROSTATIC-PRESSURE; CLOSTRIDIUM-BOTULINUM; SPORES; INACTIVATION; HEAT; FOODS; MICROORGANISMS; TEMPERATURE; ENDOSPORES; RESISTANCE AB This chapters discusses the efforts by the US Army food industry academic consortium research to develop validation protocols and demonstrate efficacy of a pressure-assisted thermal sterilization process (PATS) for the production of a commercially sterile ambient stable, low-acid mashed potato product. Studies include qualification of the equipment, product, and package and process performance. Under the specified conditions of the validation study, it was concluded that the PATS process is capable of eliminating six log(10) of heat-and pressure-resistant C. botulinum spores/145 g from the deliberately contaminated packs of mashed potatoes. Subsequently the consortium submitted a filing of a mashed potato product treated by PATS with FDA. FDA issued a letter of no objection to the consortium by 2009. C1 [Stewart, Cynthia M.] DuPont Nutr & Hlth, 200 Powder Mill Rd, Wilmington, DE USA. [Dunne, C. Patrick] US Army, Res Ctr, Natick, MA 01760 USA. [Keener, Larry] Int Prod Safety Consultants LLC, Seattle, WA USA. RP Keener, L (reprint author), Int Prod Safety Consultants LLC, Seattle, WA USA. EM LKEENER@aol.com NR 32 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013, UNITED STATES BN 978-1-4939-3234-4; 978-1-4939-3233-7 J9 FOOD ENG SER PY 2016 BP 687 EP 716 DI 10.1007/978-1-4939-3234-4_29 D2 10.1007/978-1-4939-3234-4 PG 30 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA BE4MF UT WOS:000371921200030 ER PT B AU Arp, R McCraw, BW AF Arp, Robert McCraw, Benjamin W. BE McCraw, BW Arp, R TI Philosophical Approaches to the Devil Introduction SO PHILOSOPHICAL APPROACHES TO THE DEVIL SE Routledge Studies in the Philosophy of Religion LA English DT Editorial Material; Book Chapter C1 [Arp, Robert] US Army, Ft Leavenworth, KS 66027 USA. [McCraw, Benjamin W.] Univ South Carolina Upstate, Philosophy, Spartanburg, SC USA. RP Arp, R (reprint author), US Army, Ft Leavenworth, KS 66027 USA. NR 59 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROUTLEDGE PI ABINGDON PA 2 PARK SQ, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXFORD, ENGLAND BN 978-1-315-67878-8; 978-1-138-93304-0 J9 ROUT STUD PHILOS REL PY 2016 VL 12 BP 1 EP 18 PG 18 WC Philosophy; Religion SC Philosophy; Religion GA BE5LL UT WOS:000372969100001 ER PT B AU Arp, R AF Arp, Robert BE McCraw, BW Arp, R TI If the Devil Did Not Exist, It May Be Necessary to Invent Him in Certain Contexts SO PHILOSOPHICAL APPROACHES TO THE DEVIL SE Routledge Studies in the Philosophy of Religion LA English DT Article; Book Chapter C1 [Arp, Robert] US Army, Washington, DC USA. RP Arp, R (reprint author), US Army, Washington, DC USA. NR 90 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ROUTLEDGE PI ABINGDON PA 2 PARK SQ, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXFORD, ENGLAND BN 978-1-315-67878-8; 978-1-138-93304-0 J9 ROUT STUD PHILOS REL PY 2016 VL 12 BP 180 EP 200 PG 21 WC Philosophy; Religion SC Philosophy; Religion GA BE5LL UT WOS:000372969100015 ER PT B AU Chan, WR Stelmakh, V Soijacic, M Joannopoulos, JD Celanovic, I Waits, CM AF Chan, Walker R. Stelmakh, Veronika Soijacic, Marin Joannopoulos, John D. Celanovic, Ivan Waits, Christopher M. GP ASME TI A THERMOPHOTOVOLTAIC SYSTEM USING A PHOTONIC CRYSTAL EMITTER SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME 5TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MICRO/NANOSCALE HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER, 2016, VOL 1 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th ASME International Conference on Micro/Nanoscale Heat and Mass Transfer CY JAN 04-06, 2016 CL Biopolis, SINGAPORE SP ASME, Heat Transfer Div, Nanyang Technol Univ, Sch Mech & Aerosp Engn, Xian Jiaotong Univ, Singapore Inst Mfg Technol ID EFFICIENCY; CONVERSION; DENSITY; CELLS AB The increasing power demands of portable electronics and micro robotics has driven recent interest in millimeter-scale microgenerators. Many technologies (fuel cells, Stirling, thermoelectric, etc.) that potentially enable a portable hydrocarbon microgenerator are under active investigation. Hydrocarbon fuels have specific energies fifty times those of batteries, thus even a relatively inefficient generator can exceed the specific energy of batteries. We proposed, designed, and demonstrated a first-of a-kind millimeter-scale thermophotovoltaic (TPV) system with a photonic crystal emitter. In a TPV system, combustion heats an emitter to incandescence and the resulting thermal radiation is converted to electricity by photovoltaic cells. Our approach uses a moderate temperature (1000-1200 degrees C) metallic microburner coupled to a high emissivity, high selectivity photonic crystal selective emitter and low bandgap PV cells. This approach is predicted to be capable of up to 30% efficient fuel-to-electricity conversion within a millimeter-scale form factor. We have performed a robust experimental demonstration that validates the theoretical framework and the key system components, and present our results in the context of a TPV microgenerator. Although considerable technological barriers need to be overcome to realize a TPV microgenerator, we predict that 700-900 Wh/kg is possible with the current technology. C1 [Chan, Walker R.; Stelmakh, Veronika; Soijacic, Marin; Joannopoulos, John D.; Celanovic, Ivan] MIT, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Waits, Christopher M.] US Army Res Lab, Sensors & Electron Devices Directorate, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Chan, WR (reprint author), MIT, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. EM wrchan@mit.edu NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-4965-1 PY 2016 AR UNSP V001T06A005 PG 5 WC Thermodynamics; Engineering, Mechanical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology SC Thermodynamics; Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics GA BE6OA UT WOS:000374438000069 ER PT B AU Stelmakh, V Chan, WR Joannopoulos, JD Soijacic, M Celanovic, I Sablon, K AF Stelmakh, Veronika Chan, Walker R. Joannopoulos, John D. Soijacic, Marin Celanovic, Ivan Sablon, Kimberly GP ASME TI IMPROVED THERMAL EMITTERS FOR THERMOPHOTOVOLTAIC ENERGY CONVERSION SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASME 5TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MICRO/NANOSCALE HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER, 2016, VOL 1 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th ASME International Conference on Micro/Nanoscale Heat and Mass Transfer CY JAN 04-06, 2016 CL Biopolis, SINGAPORE SP ASME, Heat Transfer Div, Nanyang Technol Univ, Sch Mech & Aerosp Engn, Xian Jiaotong Univ, Singapore Inst Mfg Technol ID METALLIC PHOTONIC CRYSTALS; TEMPERATURE AB Thermophotovoltaic (TPV) energy conversion enables millimeter scale power generation required for portable microelectronics, robotics, etc. In a TPV system, a heat source heats a selective emitter to incandescence, the radiation from which is incident on a low bandgap TPV cell. The selective emitter tailors the photonic density of states to produce spectrally confined selective emission of light matching the bandgap of the photovoltaic cell, enabling high heat-to-electricity conversion efficiency. The selective emitter requires: thermal stability at high-temperatures for long operational lifetimes, simple and relatively low-cost fabrication, as well as spectrally selective emission over a large uniform area. Generally, the selective emission can either originate from the natural material properties, such as in ytterbia or erbia emitters, or can be engineered through microstructuring. Our approach, the 2D photonic crystal fabricated in refractory metals, offers high spectral selectivity and high-temperature stability while being fabricated by standard semiconductor processes. In this work, we present a brief comparison of TPV system efficiencies using these different emitter technologies. We then focus on the design, fabrication, and characterization of our current 2D photonic crystal, which is a square lattice of cylindrical holes fabricated in a refractory metal substrate. The spectral performance and thermal stability of the fabricated photonic crystal thermal emitters are demonstrated and the efficiency gain of our model TPV system is characterized. C1 [Stelmakh, Veronika; Chan, Walker R.; Joannopoulos, John D.; Soijacic, Marin; Celanovic, Ivan] MIT, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Sablon, Kimberly] US Army Res Lab, Sensors & Electron Devices Directorate, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Stelmakh, V (reprint author), MIT, 77 Massachusetts Ave, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. EM stelmakh@mit.edu NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 3 U2 3 PU AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENGINEERS PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVENUE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA BN 978-0-7918-4965-1 PY 2016 AR UNSP V001T05A015 PG 5 WC Thermodynamics; Engineering, Mechanical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology SC Thermodynamics; Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics GA BE6OA UT WOS:000374438000063 ER PT J AU Elder, RM Knorr, DB Andzelm, JW Lenhart, JL Sirk, TW AF Elder, Robert M. Knorr, Daniel B., Jr. Andzelm, Jan W. Lenhart, Joseph L. Sirk, Timothy W. TI Nanovoid formation and mechanics: a comparison of poly(dicyclopentadiene) and epoxy networks from molecular dynamics simulations SO SOFT MATTER LA English DT Article ID ANNIHILATION LIFETIME SPECTROSCOPY; FREE-VOLUME DISTRIBUTION; LINKED POLYMER NETWORKS; POSITRON-ANNIHILATION; TOUGHENING MECHANISMS; INTRINSIC MICROPOROSITY; EFFICIENT GENERATION; SILICA NANOPARTICLES; PLASTIC-DEFORMATION; FRACTURE-TOUGHNESS AB Protective equipment in civilian and military applications requires the use of polymer materials that are both stiff and tough over a wide range of strain rates. However, typical structural materials, like tightly cross-linked epoxies, are very brittle. Recent experiments demonstrated that cross-linked poly(dicyclopentadiene) (pDCPD) networks can circumvent this trade-off by providing structural properties such as a high glass transition temperature and glassy modulus, while simultaneously exhibiting excellent toughness and high-rate impact resistance. The greater performance of pDCPD was attributed to more facile plastic deformation and nanoscale void formation, but the chemical and structural mechanisms underlying this response were not clear. Here, we use atomistic molecular dynamics to compare the molecular- and chain-level properties of pDCPD and epoxy networks undergoing high strain rate deformation. We quantify the tensile modulus and yield strength of the networks as well as the prevalence and characteristics of nanovoids that form during deformation. Networks of similar molecular weight between cross-links are compared. Two key molecular-level properties are identified - monomer flexibility and polar chemistry - that influence the behavior of the networks. Increasing monomer flexibility reduces the modulus and yield strength, while strong non-covalent interactions (e.g., hydrogen bonds) that accompany polar moieties provide higher modulus and yield strength. The lack of strong non-covalent interactions in pDCPD was found to account for its lower modulus and yield strength compared to the epoxies. We examine the molecular-level properties of nanovoids, such as shape, alignment, and local stress distribution, as well as the local chemical environment, finding that nanovoid formation and growth are increased by the monomer rigidity but decreased by polar chemistry. As a result, the pDCPD network, which has a stiff chain backbone with nonpolar alkane chemistry, exhibits more and larger nanovoids that grow more readily during deformation, which could account for the higher toughness and more ductile behavior observed in pDCPD. C1 [Elder, Robert M.; Knorr, Daniel B., Jr.; Andzelm, Jan W.; Lenhart, Joseph L.; Sirk, Timothy W.] US Army Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Sirk, TW (reprint author), US Army Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. EM timothy.w.sirk.civ@mail.mil FU DOD High Performance Computing Modernization Program at the U.S. Air Force Research Laboratory; U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center DoD Supercomputing Resource Centers FX RME was supported by an appointment to the Postgraduate Research Participation Program at the U.S. Army Research Laboratory administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an interagency agreement between the U.S. Department of Energy and USARL. This work was supported by grants of computer time from the DOD High Performance Computing Modernization Program at the U.S. Air Force Research Laboratory and U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center DoD Supercomputing Resource Centers. NR 99 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 9 U2 16 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 1744-683X EI 1744-6848 J9 SOFT MATTER JI Soft Matter PY 2016 VL 12 IS 19 BP 4418 EP 4434 DI 10.1039/c6sm00691d PG 17 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Multidisciplinary; Polymer Science SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics; Polymer Science GA DM1OB UT WOS:000376114100015 PM 27087585 ER PT J AU Trope, RL Ressler, EK AF Trope, Roland L. Ressler, Eugene K. TI Mettle Fatigue: VW's Single-Point-of-Failure Ethics SO IEEE SECURITY & PRIVACY LA English DT Article AB After a year of denials, Volkswagen admitted in September 2015 that multiple makes and models of its diesel vehicles contained defeat device software. The decisions leading to "Dieselgate" involved a corruption of engineering ethics that the profession ought to address. C1 [Trope, Roland L.] New York Off Trope & Schramm LLP, New York, NY 23485 USA. [Ressler, Eugene K.] US Mil Acad, Elect Engn & Comp Sci Dept, West Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Trope, RL (reprint author), New York Off Trope & Schramm LLP, New York, NY 23485 USA.; Ressler, EK (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Elect Engn & Comp Sci Dept, West Point, NY 10996 USA. EM rltrope@tropelaw.com; gene.ressler@gmail.com NR 77 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 6 U2 8 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1314 USA SN 1540-7993 EI 1558-4046 J9 IEEE SECUR PRIV JI IEEE Secur. Priv. PD JAN-FEB PY 2016 VL 14 IS 1 BP 12 EP 30 PG 19 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA DJ9SK UT WOS:000374553000004 ER PT J AU Deng, H Zhang, C Xie, YC Tumlin, T Giri, L Karna, SP Lin, J AF Deng, Heng Zhang, Chi Xie, Yunchao Tumlin, Travis Giri, Lily Karna, Shashi P. Lin, Jian TI Laser induced MoS2/carbon hybrids for hydrogen evolution reaction catalysts SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY A LA English DT Article ID ACTIVE EDGE SITES; EFFICIENT ELECTROCATALYSTS; MOS2 NANOPARTICLES; VAPOR-DEPOSITION; INDUCED GRAPHENE; FILMS; PERFORMANCE; NANOSHEETS; GRAPHITE; FACILE AB MoS2/carbon hybrid materials have been shown to be promising non-precious metal electrocatalysts for the hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). However, a facile method for synthesizing them is still a big challenge, let alone patterning them through a design. In this work, we present a novel strategy to synthesize and pattern MoS2/carbon hybrid materials as electrocatalysts for the HER through a one-step direct laser writing (DLW) method under ambient conditions. DLW on citric acid-Mo-S precursors leads to the in situ synthesis of small-sized MoS2 nanoparticles (NPs) anchored to the carbon matrix. Largely exposed catalytically active sites from the MoS2 NPs and the synergetic effect from the carbon matrix make the hybrid materials exhibit superior catalytic performance and stability for the HER in acidic solutions. Through computer-controlled laser beams we can design arbitrary patterns made of these catalysts on targeted substrates, which will open a new route for fabricating on-chip microfuel cells or catalytic microreactors. C1 [Deng, Heng; Zhang, Chi; Xie, Yunchao; Tumlin, Travis; Lin, Jian] Univ Missouri, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Giri, Lily; Karna, Shashi P.] US Army, Res Lab, Weap & Mat Res Lab, ATTN RDRL WM, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. [Giri, Lily] ORISE Res Associate, Oak Ridge, TN USA. RP Lin, J (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. EM LinJian@missouri.edu FU University of Missouri-Columbia; University of Missouri Research Board; University of Missouri-Columbia Research Council; Oak Ridge Associated Universities (ORAU) Ralph E. Powe Junior Faculty Award FX The work was supported by the University of Missouri-Columbia start-up fund, University of Missouri Research Board, University of Missouri-Columbia Research Council, and Oak Ridge Associated Universities (ORAU) Ralph E. Powe Junior Faculty Award. This research performed by L. G. was supported in part by an appointment to the Research Participation Program at the U.S. Army Research Laboratory (US ARL) administered by the Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education through an interagency agreement between the U.S. Department of Energy and US ARL. NR 29 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 17 U2 35 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 2050-7488 EI 2050-7496 J9 J MATER CHEM A JI J. Mater. Chem. A PY 2016 VL 4 IS 18 BP 6824 EP 6830 DI 10.1039/c5ta09322h PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA DL4LQ UT WOS:000375608500012 ER PT J AU Trumbo, BA Kaller, MD Harlan, AR Pasco, T Kelso, WE Rutherford, DA AF Trumbo, Bradly A. Kaller, Michael D. Harlan, A. Raynie Pasco, Tiffany Kelso, William E. Rutherford, D. Allen TI Effectiveness of Continuous versus Point Electrofishing for Fish Assemblage Assessment in Shallow, Turbid Aquatic Habitats SO NORTH AMERICAN JOURNAL OF FISHERIES MANAGEMENT LA English DT Editorial Material ID ATCHAFALAYA RIVER-BASIN; FRESH-WATER FISH; SINGLE-PASS; SAMPLING EFFORT; ABUNDANCE; DIVERSITY; COMMUNITIES; STREAMS; EFFICIENCY; LOUISIANA AB We evaluated the relative effectiveness of continuous versus point electrofishing methods for describing fish assemblage metrics in the lower Atchafalaya River Floodway system, Louisiana. Continuous data were collected by boat electrofishing opposing shores of a 100-m reach for a total of 480 s. Point data were collected in an adjacent 100-m reach by boat electrofishing for 60 s at four points (240 s total) at 25-m intervals on alternating shorelines. We tested for significant differences between the methods with a linear model for species richness and CPUE (fish/min) and a generalized linear model for species diversity. We also compared the length frequencies of Largemouth Bass Micropterus salmoides between methods. We found no difference in diversity between methods but significantly higher species richness (mean = 1.46 species) and significantly lower CPUE (mean = -24.63 fish/min) for continuous electrofishing. We found no difference in Largemouth Bass length frequency between methods, but point electrofishing captured more individuals between 300 and 400 mm. Our results indicate that point electrofishing may be an efficient, effective technique for capturing target species and larger individuals that may otherwise avoid capture. When coupled with continuous electrofishing, point electrofishing may bolster assemblage and population size structure data, particularly in shallow, turbid environments. C1 [Trumbo, Bradly A.] US Army, Corps Engn, 201 North Third Ave, Walla Walla, WA 99362 USA. [Kaller, Michael D.; Harlan, A. Raynie; Pasco, Tiffany; Kelso, William E.; Rutherford, D. Allen] Louisiana State Univ, Ctr Agr, Sch Renewable Nat Resources, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. RP Trumbo, BA (reprint author), US Army, Corps Engn, 201 North Third Ave, Walla Walla, WA 99362 USA. EM bradly.a.trumbo@usace.army.mil NR 60 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 5 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0275-5947 EI 1548-8675 J9 N AM J FISH MANAGE JI North Am. J. Fish Manage. PY 2016 VL 36 IS 2 BP 398 EP 406 DI 10.1080/02755947.2015.1131781 PG 9 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA DJ9WW UT WOS:000374565000018 ER PT J AU Kilgore, IM Kabiri, SA Kane, AW Steer, MB AF Kilgore, Ian M. Kabiri, Shabir A. Kane, Andrew W. Steer, Michael B. TI The Effect of Chaotic Vibrations on Antenna Characteristics SO IEEE ANTENNAS AND WIRELESS PROPAGATION LETTERS LA English DT Article DE Antenna distortion; co-site interference; non-linear dynamics AB The radio signal transmitted from a vibrating antenna is modulated producing spectral content that can interfere with a nearby receiver. The additional spectral content is centered at the transmitted RF signal, and with chaotic vibrations, the spectrum has significant content beyond the fundamental frequency of vibration. Thus, the effect of vibration on co-site interference is much greater than expected. A controlled experiment using a monopole antenna driven at 900 MHz and vibrating at 150 Hz has significant RF spectral content extending to 5 kHz. C1 [Kilgore, Ian M.; Steer, Michael B.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Kabiri, Shabir A.; Kane, Andrew W.] US Mil Acad, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, West Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Kilgore, IM; Steer, MB (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA.; Kabiri, SA; Kane, AW (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, West Point, NY 10996 USA. EM imkilgor@ncsu.edu; shabir.kabiri@usma.edu; andrew.kane@usma.edu; mbs@ncsu.edu FU U.S. Army Research Office [W911NF-12-1-0526] FX This material is based upon work supported by the U.S. Army Research Office under Grant No. W911NF-12-1-0526. NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 5 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1536-1225 EI 1548-5757 J9 IEEE ANTENN WIREL PR JI IEEE Antennas Wirel. Propag. Lett. PY 2016 VL 15 BP 1242 EP 1244 DI 10.1109/LAWP.2015.2503264 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA DK4MJ UT WOS:000374892200003 ER PT J AU Hamilton, MC Nedza, JA Doody, P Bates, ME Bauer, NL Voyadgis, DE Fox-Lent, C AF Hamilton, Michelle C. Nedza, John A. Doody, Patrick Bates, Matthew E. Bauer, Nicole L. Voyadgis, Demetra E. Fox-Lent, Cate TI Web-based geospatial multiple criteria decision analysis using open software and standards SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE Multiple criteria decision analysis; disaster relief; open-source GIS; participatory GIS; Web-based GIS; scenario analysis ID GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION-SYSTEMS; MULTICRITERIA EVALUATION; GIS AB The emerging ubiquity of geospatial information is providing an unprecedented opportunity to apply Geographical Information Systems (GIS)-based multiple criteria decision analysis (MCDA) to a broad spectrum of use cases. Volunteered geographic information, open GIS software, geoservice-based tools, cloud-based virtualized platforms, and worldwide collaboration of both domain experts and general users have greatly increased the quantity and accessibility of geospatially referenced data resources. Currently, there is a lack of GIS-based MCDA tools that integrate this decision-driven process within a widely accessible, robust geoframework environment, designed for user-friendly interaction. In this contribution, we present a conceptual workflow and proof-of-concept software application, Geocentric Environment for Analysis and Reasoning (GEAR), which provides a viable transition path to enhance geospatial MCDA in the age of open GIS. We propose a Web-based platform that leverages open-source geotechnologies to incorporate a wide variety of geospatial data formats in a common solution space to allow for spatially enhanced and time-relevant decision analysis. Through the proposed workflow, a user can ingest and modify heterogeneous data formats, exploit temporally tagged data sources, create multicriteria decision analysis models, and visualize the results in an iterative and collaborative workspace. A sample case study applied to disaster relief is used to demonstrate the prototype and workflow. This proof-of-concept Web-based application provides a notional pathway of how to connect open-source data to open-source analysis through a geospatially enabled MCDA workflow that could be virtually accessible to many levels of decision makers from individuals to entire organizations. C1 [Hamilton, Michelle C.; Nedza, John A.; Bauer, Nicole L.; Voyadgis, Demetra E.] US Army Corps Engn, Geospatial Res Lab, Alexandria, VA USA. [Bates, Matthew E.; Fox-Lent, Cate] US Army Corps Engn, Environm Lab, Concord, MA USA. [Doody, Patrick] Reinventing Geospatial Inc, Fairfax, VA USA. RP Bauer, NL (reprint author), US Army Corps Engn, Geospatial Res Lab, Alexandria, VA USA. EM nicole.l.bauer@usace.army.mil NR 24 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 7 U2 13 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1365-8816 EI 1362-3087 J9 INT J GEOGR INF SCI JI Int. J. Geogr. Inf. Sci. PY 2016 VL 30 IS 8 BP 1667 EP 1686 DI 10.1080/13658816.2016.1155214 PG 20 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Geography; Geography, Physical; Information Science & Library Science SC Computer Science; Geography; Physical Geography; Information Science & Library Science GA DK4PZ UT WOS:000374902300010 ER PT J AU Suo, LM Han, FD Fan, XL Liu, HL Xu, K Wang, CS AF Suo, Liumin Han, Fudong Fan, Xiulin Liu, Huili Xu, Kang Wang, Chunsheng TI "Water-in-Salt" electrolytes enable green and safe Li-ion batteries for large scale electric energy storage applications SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY A LA English DT Article ID RECHARGEABLE LITHIUM BATTERIES; AQUEOUS-ELECTROLYTES; LIFEPO4; STABILITY; CATHODE; BEHAVIOR; CELLS AB Although state-of-the-art Li-ion batteries have overwhelmed the market of portable electronics as the main power source, their intrinsic limitations imposed by concerns over their safety, toxicity and cost have prevented them from being readily adopted by large-scale electric energy storage applications. Leveraging the new class of aqueous electrolytes of wide electrochemical stability window to resolve these concerns, we describe a new aqueous Li-ion chemistry based on LiFePO4/water-in-salt/Mo6S8 that is safe, green and economical. These merits, along with superior electrochemical performances such as excellent cycling stability (>1000 cycles), both high coulombic and round-trip efficiencies, high rate capability, low self-discharge rate at the fully charged state, as well as a wide service temperature range (-20 to +55 degrees C), make this new battery chemistry a promising candidate in energy storage units for large-scale applications. C1 [Suo, Liumin; Han, Fudong; Fan, Xiulin; Liu, Huili; Wang, Chunsheng] Univ Maryland, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, College Pk, MD 20740 USA. [Xu, Kang] US Army Res Lab, Power & Energy Div, Sensor & Elect Devices Directorate, Electrochem Branch, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Wang, CS (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, College Pk, MD 20740 USA.; Xu, K (reprint author), US Army Res Lab, Power & Energy Div, Sensor & Elect Devices Directorate, Electrochem Branch, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM conrad.k.xu.civ@mail.mil; cswang@umd.edu RI Wang, Chunsheng/H-5767-2011 OI Wang, Chunsheng/0000-0002-8626-6381 FU DOE ARPA-E [DEAR0000389]; Maryland Nano Center and its NispLab; NSF FX The work was supported by DOE ARPA-E (DEAR0000389). We also acknowledge the support of the Maryland Nano Center and its NispLab. The NispLab is supported in part by the NSF as a MRSEC Shared Experimental Facility. NR 31 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 26 U2 60 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 2050-7488 EI 2050-7496 J9 J MATER CHEM A JI J. Mater. Chem. A PY 2016 VL 4 IS 17 BP 6639 EP 6644 DI 10.1039/c6ta00451b PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA DK4BV UT WOS:000374862600047 ER PT J AU Wang, GX Pandey, R Karna, SP AF Wang, Gaoxue Pandey, Ravindra Karna, Shashi P. TI Carbon phosphide monolayers with superior carrier mobility SO NANOSCALE LA English DT Article ID LAYER BLACK PHOSPHORUS; MOS2 TRANSISTORS; FILMS; DEPOSITION; GRAPHENE; TRANSITION; CARBIDE AB Two dimensional (2D) materials with a finite band gap and high carrier mobility are sought after materials from both fundamental and technological perspectives. In this paper, we present the results based on the particle swarm optimization method and density functional theory which predict three geometrically different phases of the carbon phosphide (CP) monolayer consisting of sp(2) hybridized C atoms and sp(3) hybridized P atoms in hexagonal networks. Two of the phases, referred to as alpha-CP and beta-CP with puckered or buckled surfaces are semiconducting with highly anisotropic electronic and mechanical properties. More remarkably, they have the lightest electrons and holes among the known 2D semiconductors, yielding superior carrier mobility. The gamma-CP has a distorted hexagonal network and exhibits a semi-metallic behavior with Dirac cones. These theoretical findings suggest that the binary CP monolayer is a yet unexplored 2D material holding great promise for applications in high-performance electronics and optoelectronics. C1 [Wang, Gaoxue; Pandey, Ravindra] Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Phys, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. [Karna, Shashi P.] US Army Res Lab, Weap & Mat Res Directorate, ATTN RDRL WM, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Pandey, R (reprint author), Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Phys, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. EM gaoxuew@mtu.edu; pandey@mtu.edu; shashi.p.karna.civ@mail.mil RI Wang, Gaoxue/C-9492-2017 OI Wang, Gaoxue/0000-0003-2539-3405 FU Army Research Office [W911NF-14-2-0088] FX RAMA and Superior high performance computing clusters at Michigan Technological University were used to obtain results presented in this paper. Support from Dr S. Gowtham is gratefully acknowledged. This research was partially supported by the Army Research Office through grant number W911NF-14-2-0088. NR 53 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 3 U2 12 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 2040-3364 EI 2040-3372 J9 NANOSCALE JI Nanoscale PY 2016 VL 8 IS 16 BP 8819 EP 8825 DI 10.1039/c6nr00498a PG 7 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA DK3BA UT WOS:000374788800050 PM 27067002 ER PT J AU Sharma, M Loh, GC Wang, GX Pandey, R Karna, SP Ahluwalia, PK AF Sharma, Munish Loh, G. C. Wang, Gaoxue Pandey, Ravindra Karna, Shashi P. Ahluwalia, P. K. TI Spin-dependent metallic properties of a functionalized MoS2 monolayer SO RSC ADVANCES LA English DT Article ID LAYER MOS2; SINGLE-LAYER; 1ST-PRINCIPLES; MAGNETISM; SPECTROSCOPY; PREDICTION; GD AB Stability and electronic properties of a two-dimensional MoS2 monolayer functionalized with atomic wires of Fe and Co are investigated using density functional theory. The binding energy of the atomic wires of Fe and Co on MoS2 is noticeably higher relative to that calculated for the BN (0001) surface. The pristine monolayer is non-magnetic and semiconducting, and its functionalization makes the system magnetic and metallic. This is due to mainly the presence of a finite density of states associated with Fe or Co atoms in the vicinity of the Fermi level of the functionalized monolayer. Additionally, the spin-polarized character of the functionalized monolayer is clearly captured by the tunneling current calculated in the STM-like setup. We believe that the results form a basis for fabrication and characterization of such functionalized two-dimensional systems for applications at the nanoscale. C1 [Sharma, Munish; Ahluwalia, P. K.] Himachal Pradesh Univ, Dept Phys, Shimla 171005, Himachal Prades, India. [Sharma, Munish; Loh, G. C.; Wang, Gaoxue; Pandey, Ravindra] Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Phys, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. [Karna, Shashi P.] US Army Res Lab, Weap & Mat Res Directorate, ATTN RDRL WM, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. [Loh, G. C.] Inst High Performance Comp, 1 Fusionopolis Way,16-16 Connexis, Singapore 138632, Singapore. RP Sharma, M (reprint author), Himachal Pradesh Univ, Dept Phys, Shimla 171005, Himachal Prades, India.; Sharma, M; Pandey, R (reprint author), Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Phys, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. EM munishsharmahpu@live.com; pandey@mtu.edu RI Wang, Gaoxue/C-9492-2017 OI Wang, Gaoxue/0000-0003-2539-3405 FU ARL [W911NF-14-2-0088]; DST, govt. of India, New Delhi FX Helpful discussions with Dr Ashok Kumar, William Slough, Kevin Waters and Kriti Tyagi are acknowledged. The authors thank Dr Douglas Banyai for providing his STM simulation code. Financial support from ARL W911NF-14-2-0088 is acknowledged. MS wishes to acknowledge the DST, govt. of India, New Delhi for providing the financial support in the form of INSPIRE Fellowship. RAMA and SUPERIOR, high performance computing clusters at Michigan Technological University were used in obtaining the results presented in this paper. CVRAMAN, high performance computing cluster at Himachal Pradesh University has been used to obtain part of results presented in this paper. NR 44 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 14 U2 25 PU ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY PI CAMBRIDGE PA THOMAS GRAHAM HOUSE, SCIENCE PARK, MILTON RD, CAMBRIDGE CB4 0WF, CAMBS, ENGLAND SN 2046-2069 J9 RSC ADV JI RSC Adv. PY 2016 VL 6 IS 45 BP 38499 EP 38504 DI 10.1039/c6ra06083h PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA DK5PT UT WOS:000374972800001 ER PT J AU Hintz, WD Glover, DC Garvey, JE Killgore, KJ Herzog, DP Spier, TW Colombo, RE Hrabik, RA AF Hintz, William D. Glover, David C. Garvey, James E. Killgore, K. Jack Herzog, David P. Spier, Timothy W. Colombo, Robert E. Hrabik, Robert A. TI Status and Habitat Use of Scaphirhynchus Sturgeons in an Important Fluvial Corridor: Implications for River Habitat Enhancement SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE AMERICAN FISHERIES SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID MIDDLE MISSISSIPPI RIVER; JUVENILE PALLID STURGEON; UPPER MISSOURI RIVER; SHOVELNOSE STURGEON; DIET COMPOSITION; POPULATION-SIZE; TAG RETENTION; NORTH-DAKOTA; LIFE-HISTORY; MOVEMENTS AB In the central United States, recovery efforts for populations of the federally endangered Pallid Sturgeon Scaphirhynchus albus have been ongoing since its listing in 1990. Its congener, the Shovelnose Sturgeon S. platorynchus, has also recently been listed as threatened where it overlaps with Pallid Sturgeon. The status of both species in the Mississippi River is unknown and so are habitat enhancement priorities that would benefit their recovery. Using field data collected from 2002 through 2005, we (1) estimated the adult population size of both species using mark-recapture methods and (2) quantified habitat use of these sturgeons with multiple gears to elucidate habitat enhancement priorities in the middle Mississippi River-an important fluvial corridor that connects the upper Mississippi River and Missouri River basins with the lower Mississippi River basin. Population size was estimated to be 1,516 (95% CI = 710-3,463) Pallid Sturgeon (five individuals per river kilometer [rkm]) and 82,336 (95% CI = 59,438-114,585) Shovelnose Sturgeon (266 individuals/rkm). Our population estimate showed a low relative abundance of Pallid Sturgeon in this corridor. However, the population estimate suggests Pallid Sturgeon abundance has increased since its listing in 1990. Shovelnose Sturgeon were more abundant than Pallid Sturgeon, but whether the Shovelnose Sturgeon population is increasing, decreasing, or stable remains unknown. Among 10 habitat types, both species were most frequent at the downstream ends of alluvial islands. Pallid and Shovelnose sturgeons were restricted to flow rates < 1.0 m/s, and their abundance was greatest in depths ranging from 4.5 to 14 m. We suggest alluvial island enhancement may facilitate sturgeon recovery in the middle Mississippi River. C1 [Hintz, William D.; Glover, David C.; Garvey, James E.] So Illinois Univ, Dept Zool, Ctr Fisheries Aquaculture & Aquat Sci, 1125 Lincoln Dr, Carbondale, IL 62901 USA. [Killgore, K. Jack] US Army Engn Res & Dev Ctr, Waterways Expt Stn, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. [Herzog, David P.; Hrabik, Robert A.] Missouri Dept Conservat, Open Rivers & Wetlands Field Stn, 3815 East Jackson Blvd, Jackson, MO 63755 USA. [Spier, Timothy W.] Murray State Univ, Dept Biol Sci, 102 Curris Ctr, Murray, KY 42071 USA. [Colombo, Robert E.] Eastern Illinois Univ, Dept Biol, 600 Lincoln Ave, Charleston, IL 61920 USA. [Hintz, William D.] Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Darrin Fresh Water Inst, Dept Biol Sci, 110 Eighth St, Troy, NY 12180 USA. [Glover, David C.] Ohio State Univ, Dept Evolut Ecol & Organismal Biol, Aquat Ecol Lab, 1314 Kinnear Rd, Columbus, OH 43212 USA. RP Hintz, WD (reprint author), So Illinois Univ, Dept Zool, Ctr Fisheries Aquaculture & Aquat Sci, 1125 Lincoln Dr, Carbondale, IL 62901 USA.; Hintz, WD (reprint author), Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Darrin Fresh Water Inst, Dept Biol Sci, 110 Eighth St, Troy, NY 12180 USA. EM hintzwd@gmail.com RI Glover, David/M-5804-2014; OI Glover, David/0000-0001-6532-1815; Killgore, William/0000-0002-5328-0208 FU St. Louis District of U.S. Army Corps of Engineers FX This study was funded by the St. Louis District of U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. We thank field crews from the Missouri Department of Conservation, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, and Southern Illinois University for all their hard work. We also thank Anthony Porreca, Ruairi MacNamara, Neil Rude, and three anonymous reviewers for comments on earlier versions of this manuscript. NR 68 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 4 U2 7 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0002-8487 EI 1548-8659 J9 T AM FISH SOC JI Trans. Am. Fish. Soc. PY 2016 VL 145 IS 2 BP 386 EP 399 DI 10.1080/00028487.2015.1131740 PG 14 WC Fisheries SC Fisheries GA DJ6LE UT WOS:000374323600015 ER PT J AU Deyle, GD Gill, NW Rhon, DI Allen, CS Allison, SC Hando, BR Petersen, EJ Dusenberry, DI Bellamy, N AF Deyle, Gail D. Gill, Norman W. Rhon, Daniel I. Allen, Chris S. Allison, Stephen C. Hando, Ben R. Petersen, Evan J. Dusenberry, Douglas I. Bellamy, Nicholas TI A multicentre randomised, 1-year comparative effectiveness, parallel-group trial protocol of a physical therapy approach compared to corticosteroid injections SO BMJ OPEN LA English DT Article DE REHABILITATION MEDICINE ID KNEE OSTEOARTHRITIS; CLINICAL-TRIAL; EXERCISE THERAPY; MANUAL THERAPY; PROSPECTIVE COHORT; UNITED-STATES; HOME EXERCISE; HEALTH-STATUS; GO TEST; HIP AB Introduction Corticosteroid injections (CSIs) are commonly used as an initial or a primary intervention for knee osteoarthritis (OA). Consistent evidence indicates CSIs offer symptom relief with conflicting reports regarding long-term efficacy. Physical therapy (PT) offers a non-invasive alternative. There is moderate evidence suggesting short-term and long-term symptom relief and functional improvement with PT interventions. Patients with knee OA are more commonly prescribed CSI than PT prior to total joint replacement. UnitedHealthcare and Military Health System data show substantially more total knee replacement patients receive preoperative CSI than PT. There are no studies comparing CSI to a PT approach in individuals with knee OA. The primary objective of this study is to compare the effectiveness of CSI to PT in individuals with knee OA at 1, 2 and 12months. Methods and analysis We plan to recruit 156 participants meeting established knee OA criteria. Following informed consent, participants will be randomised to receive either CSI or PT. All participants will receive instruction on recommended exercise and weight control strategies plus usual medical care. The CSI intervention consisting of 3 injections and the PT intervention consisting of 8-12 sessions will be spaced over 12months. Measures of the dependent variables (DVs) will occur at baseline, 4weeks, 8weeks, 6months and 12months post enrolment. This pragmatic, randomised clinical trial will be a mixed-model 2x5 factorial design. The independent variables are treatment (CSI and PT) and time with five levels from baseline to 1year. The primary DV is the Western Ontario & McMaster Universities Arthritis Index (WOMAC). We will also compare healthcare utilisation between the 2 groups. Ethics and Dissemination The protocol was approved by the Madigan Army Medical Center Institutional Review Board. The authors intend to publish the results in a peer-reviewed source. Trial Registration Number NCT01427153. C1 [Deyle, Gail D.; Gill, Norman W.; Allen, Chris S.; Allison, Stephen C.; Dusenberry, Douglas I.] Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. [Rhon, Daniel I.] Madigan Army Med Ctr, Tacoma, WA 98431 USA. [Hando, Ben R.] Natl Def Univ, Washington, DC 20319 USA. [Petersen, Evan J.] Univ Incarnate Word, San Antonio, TX USA. [Bellamy, Nicholas] Univ Queensland, Brisbane, Qld, Australia. RP Deyle, GD (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. EM gail.d.deyle.civ@mail.mil FU Orthopaedic Physical Therapy Products Grant through the American Academy of Orthopaedic Manual Physical Therapists FX This study is funded in part by the Orthopaedic Physical Therapy Products Grant through the American Academy of Orthopaedic Manual Physical Therapists. NR 71 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU BMJ PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 2044-6055 J9 BMJ OPEN JI BMJ Open PY 2016 VL 6 IS 3 AR e010528 DI 10.1136/bmjopen-2015-010528 PG 11 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA DJ2RH UT WOS:000374052300115 PM 27033961 ER PT J AU Lin, L Demirbilek, Z Mausolf, G AF Lin, Lihwa Demirbilek, Zeki Mausolf, Gregory TI Numerical Modeling of Sedimentation by Storm Waves at Sand Island in Lake Superior, Wisconsin SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ECOLOGY & DEVELOPMENT LA English DT Article DE Coastal Modeling; storm waves; sediment transport; Lake Superior AB This paper describes numerical modeling of the combined wave-flow-sedimentation conducted for relocation and design of a marine boat dock facility located at the eastern shore of Sand Island in the southwestern region of Lake Superior in USA. The present boat dock is situated near a creek that supplies watershed sediments and occasional landslides which cause intermittent burial of land-connection section of the dock facility. The U.S. Department of Interior's National Park Service is considering a new dock location south of the existing dock to avoid future potential sedimentation from the nearby creek. The role and impacts of local winds, waves, currents, and water levels affect utilization of the new dock. The relocated dock is investigated in the present study using the Coastal Modeling System, an integrated numerical modeling system that includes a spectral wave model and a depth-averaged circulation model with sediment transport calculations. The modeling considers winter storms for two real time periods and a representative condition for 50-yr design return period. The study results are quantified in terms of differences for waves, currents and morphological changes between the existing dock and relocation site. The shadowing effect of the northern headland on waves at these sites was investigated. Results showed minor differences between the existing dock and relocated dock for nearshore waves, current speeds and bed changes. C1 [Lin, Lihwa; Demirbilek, Zeki] US Army Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Coastal & Hydraul Lab, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. [Mausolf, Gregory] US Army Engineer Dist, Detroit, MI USA. RP Lin, L; Demirbilek, Z (reprint author), US Army Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Coastal & Hydraul Lab, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA.; Mausolf, G (reprint author), US Army Engineer Dist, Detroit, MI USA. EM Lihwa.Lin@usace.army.mil; Zeki.Demirbilek@usace.army.mil; Gregory.Mausolf@usace.army.mil NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU CENTRE ENVIRONMENT SOCIAL & ECONOMIC RESEARCH PUBL-CESER PI UTTARAKHAND PA PO BOX 113 ROORKEE, UTTARAKHAND, 247 667, INDIA SN 0972-9984 EI 0973-7308 J9 INT J ECOL DEV JI Int. J. Ecol. Dev. PY 2016 VL 31 IS 1 BP 1 EP 31 PG 31 WC Ecology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA DJ5GC UT WOS:000374233800001 ER EF