FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Devan, ML Bankson, DD Abadie, JM AF Devan, Michael L. Bankson, Daniel D. Abadie, Jude M. TI To what extent are free testosterone (FT) values reproducible between the two Washingtons, and can calculated FT be used in lieu of expensive direct measurements SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE free testosterone; sex hormone binding globulin; albumin; tandem liquid chromatography mass spectroscopy ID MASS-SPECTROMETRY; WOMEN; SERUM; HEALTHY; ASSAY; MEN AB Free testosterone (FT) measurement by equilibrium dialysis and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectroscopy (LCMS/MS) is the "gold standard." We hypothesized that calculated FT values could substitute for measured values; compared FT results reported by Walter Reed Army Medical Center (WRAMC), Washington, DC, with results reported by the Seattle Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Seattle, WA, for 3 patient groups; and evaluated the calculated FT values by gold-standard measurements. Groups 1 and 2 included samples from 54 patients evaluated in Seattle and 94 evaluated at a primary care clinic in Alaska whose samples were analyzed in Seattle, respectively, whose care resulted in ordering an FT measurement. Group 3 included samples from 64 patients evaluated in endocrine WRAMC clinics. Calculated FT values between the 2 facilities demonstrated a strong correlation (R-2 = 0.98) for all 212 patients. In a comparison of calculated FT values with measured levels, group 3 had an R-2 = 0.93; however, samples with FT values less than 50 pg/mL had a poorer correlation (R-2 = 0.45). Calculated FT values may accurately reflect and be substituted in the clinical setting for gold-standard values when levels are more than 50 pg/mL. C1 [Devan, Michael L.; Abadie, Jude M.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Area Lab Serv, Core Lab, Washington, DC 20011 USA. [Devan, Michael L.; Abadie, Jude M.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Washington, DC 20011 USA. [Bankson, Daniel D.] Vet Affairs Puget Sound Hlth Care Syst Pathol, Seattle, WA USA. [Bankson, Daniel D.] Lab Med Serv, Seattle, WA USA. RP Abadie, JM (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, 6900 Georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20011 USA. NR 15 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC CLINICAL PATHOLOGY PI CHICAGO PA 2100 W HARRISON ST, CHICAGO, IL 60612 USA SN 0002-9173 J9 AM J CLIN PATHOL JI Am. J. Clin. Pathol. PD MAR PY 2008 VL 129 IS 3 BP 459 EP 463 DI 10.1309/6PYTC60ALVQQ59RQ PG 5 WC Pathology SC Pathology GA 264CH UT WOS:000253262400015 PM 18285270 ER PT J AU Miller, MA Levsky, ME Masneri, D Parckh, D Borys, D AF Miller, Michael A. Levsky, Mark E. Masneri, David Parckh, Dina Borys, Doug TI Nisoldipine exposures SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE LA English DT Letter C1 [Miller, Michael A.; Levsky, Mark E.; Masneri, David; Parckh, Dina] Darnall Army Community Hosp, Dept Emergency Med, Ft Hood, TX 76544 USA. [Miller, Michael A.; Borys, Doug] Cent Texas Poison Ctr, Temple, TX 76508 USA. [Miller, Michael A.] Tripler Army Med Ctr, Emergency Med Sect, Hawai, TX USA. RP Miller, MA (reprint author), Darnall Army Community Hosp, Dept Emergency Med, Ft Hood, TX 76544 USA. EM michael.adam.miller@us.army.mil NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0735-6757 J9 AM J EMERG MED JI Am. J. Emerg. Med. PD MAR PY 2008 VL 26 IS 3 BP 367 EP 368 DI 10.1016/j.ajem.2007.08.014 PG 2 WC Emergency Medicine SC Emergency Medicine GA 284LC UT WOS:000254706900021 PM 18358953 ER PT J AU Horwhat, JD Maydonovitch, CL Ramos, F Colina, R Gaertner, E Lee, H Wong, RKH AF Horwhat, John David Maydonovitch, Corinne L. Ramos, Fernando Colina, Ramon Gaertner, Erich Lee, Hyun Wong, Roy K. H. TI A Randomized Comparison of Methylene Blue-Directed Biopsy Versus Conventional Four-Quadrant Biopsy for the Detection of Intestinal Metaplasia and Dysplasia in Patients With Long-Segment Barrett's Esophagus SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Article ID DIAGNOSIS; SURVEILLANCE; GUIDELINES; NEOPLASIA; THERAPY; UTILITY; CANCER AB OBJECTIVES: Methylene blue (MB) selectively stains specialized intestinal metaplasia (SIM) and may assist in surveying a columnar-lined esophagus for Barrett's esophagus associated dysplasia. METHODS: This is a prospective, randomized crossover study comparing 4-quadrant random biopsies (4QB) versus MB-directed biopsies for the detection of SIM and dysplasia in 48 patients with long segment Barrett's esophagus (LSBE). Patients randomly underwent two endoscopies over a 4-wk time period with either 4QB or MB-directed biopsies as their first or second exam. Our aim was to correlate stain intensity with histology. RESULTS: The sensitivity of MB for SIM and dysplasia was 75.2% and 83.1%, respectively. The yield of 4QB for identifying nondysplasia SIM was 57.6% (523/917) and for dysplasia was 12% (111/917). Dark staining was significantly associated with histologic grade (P < 0.007). The final diagnosis was correct in 43 (90%) patients using MB and in 45 (94%) using 4QB. The 4QB technique missed dysplasia in 3 of 21 patients while MB biopsies missed dysplasia in 5 of 21 patients. The discordance between the two techniques was not significant (P = 0.727, McNemar's test). The mean number of biopsies taken during 4QB was 18.92 +/- 6.36 and with MB was 9.23 +/- 2.89 (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION: MB requires significantly fewer biopsies than 4QB to evaluate for SIM and dysplasia. Dark staining correlates more with HGD than LGD in our experience. While MB is not more accurate than 4QB, MB may help to define areas to target for biopsy during surveillance endoscopy in patients with LSBE. (Am J Gastroenterol 2008;103:546-554). C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Gastroenterol Serv, Dept Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Wong, RKH (reprint author), 7F,6900 Georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 27 TC 32 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 1 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 0002-9270 J9 AM J GASTROENTEROL JI Am. J. Gastroenterol. PD MAR PY 2008 VL 103 IS 3 BP 546 EP 554 DI 10.1111/j.1572-0241.2007.01601.x PG 9 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 274DK UT WOS:000253981800008 PM 17970838 ER PT J AU Cassenti, DN Carlson, RA AF Cassenti, Daniel N. Carlson, Richard A. TI Effect of pacing and working memory loads on error type patterns in a routine skill SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SHORT-TERM-MEMORY; MODEL; INTENTIONS; ACTIVATION; SITUATIONS; ATTENTION; REHEARSAL; REMEMBER; SPAN; COST AB Event counting provides a laboratory paradigm for studying types and causes of error in routine activity. Experiment 1 demonstrated that as more time per event is allowed, counting errors typically are undercounts, then overcounts as the time per event is extended to approximately 3s. Experiments 2 and 3 examined 2 possible causes of this phenomenon, forgetting and confusions due to overrehearsal of the next number to be used. These findings demonstrate that overcount errors during event counting are reduced by working memory loads, which may result from a lower ability to rehearse the current total. Implications for theoretical accounts of goal representation, control, and error monitoring arc discussed. C1 [Cassenti, Daniel N.; Carlson, Richard A.] Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Cassenti, DN (reprint author), USA, Ballist Res Lab, Human Res & Engn Directorate, AMSRD ARL HR SE, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. EM daniel.cassenti@us.army.mil NR 30 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 4 PU UNIV ILLINOIS PRESS PI CHAMPAIGN PA 1325 S OAK ST, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61820-6903 USA SN 0002-9556 J9 AM J PSYCHOL JI Am. J. Psychol. PD SPR PY 2008 VL 121 IS 1 BP 57 EP 81 PG 25 WC Psychology, Multidisciplinary SC Psychology GA 277JL UT WOS:000254208400005 PM 18437802 ER PT J AU Yoon, IK Cox, J Zhou, YL Lukes, Y Reinhardt, B Valencia-Micolta, A Wortmann, G AF Yoon, In-Kyu Cox, Josephine Zhou, Yaling Lukes, Yvonne Reinhardt, Brian Valencia-Micolta, Anais Wortmann, Glenn TI Varicella zoster virus-specific immune response after treatment with sodium stibogluconate for cutaneous leishmaniasis SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID MUCOSAL LEISHMANIASIS; EFFICACY; VACCINE AB Sodium stibogluconate has been associated with the reactivation of varicella zoster virus (VZV) in otherwise healthy adults who receive the drug as treatment for cutaneous leishmaniasis. Ten patients receiving daily sodium stibogluconate underwent phlebotomy at baseline and at day 10. Flow cytometry-based immunophenotyping, VZV-specific IgG levels, and lymphocyte proliferative responses and intracellular cytokine secretion to VZV, cytomegalovirus, tetanus toxoid, superantigen, and mitogens were performed at both time points. The absolute number of total leukocytes, total lymphocytes, and lymphocyte subsets decreased overall without predilection for any particular subset of lymphocytes, such that the percentage of the total lymphocyte population for each lymphocyte subset did not change significantly (except for a marginal increase in percentage of cytotoxic T cells). Antibodies to VZV were measured in seven patients before and after treatment, and did not change. Lymphocyte proliferative responses to VZV and other antigens and mitogens did not change from baseline. The mechanism for the increased rate of VZV reactivation after treatment with sodium stibogluconate remains undefined. C1 [Wortmann, Glenn] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Infect Dis Clin, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Yoon, In-Kyu] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Allergy & Immunol Div, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Cox, Josephine; Valencia-Micolta, Anais] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Rockville, MD 20847 USA. [Zhou, Yaling; Lukes, Yvonne; Reinhardt, Brian] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Div Infect Dis, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Wortmann, G (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Infect Dis Clin, Ward 63,6900 Georgia Ave,NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM Glenn.Wortmann@na.amedd.army.mil NR 12 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD MAR PY 2008 VL 78 IS 3 BP 402 EP 405 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 273KE UT WOS:000253928100011 PM 18337334 ER PT J AU Simasathien, S Thomas, SJ Watanaveeradej, V Nisalak, A Barberousse, C Innis, BL Sun, W Putnak, JR Eckels, KH Hutagalung, Y Gibbons, RV Zhang, C De La Barrera, R Jarman, RG Chawachalasai, W Mammen, MP AF Simasathien, Sriluck Thomas, Stephen J. Watanaveeradej, Veerachai Nisalak, Ananda Barberousse, Celia Innis, Bruce L. Sun, Wellington Putnak, J. Robert Eckels, Kenneth H. Hutagalung, Yanee Gibbons, Robert V. Zhang, Chunlin De La Barrera, Rafael Jarman, Richard G. Chawachalasai, Wipa Mammen, Mammen P., Jr. TI Safety and immunogenicity of a tetravalent live-attenuated dengue vaccine in flavivirus naive children SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID JAPANESE ENCEPHALITIS VACCINES; VIRUSES AB A live-attenuated tetravalent dengue virus (DENV) vaccine candidate has been well tolerated and immunogenic in healthy, US flavivirus naive adult volunteers. We conducted a pilot, safety, and immunogenicity trial of the vaccine candidate in healthy Thai children (6-7 years of age) to prepare for its eventual evaluation in Thai infants. In an uncontrolled, open clinical trial, the investigational vaccine was administered on study Days 0 and 180 to seven volunteers residing in Bangkok without neutralizing antibodies to DENV1-4 or to Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV). Clinical and laboratory safety assessments were completed during the 30 days after each vaccine dose, and immunogenicity was determined at Day 30. In this study, the vaccine was well tolerated with no serious adverse events or alert laboratory values. One volunteer experienced fever (38.2 degrees C, < 2 days) and associated DENV4 vaccine viremia 7 days after Dose 2. One month after Dose 2, six volunteers in the per-protocol analysis exhibited a tetravalent neutralizing antibody response with DENV1-4 geometric mean titers of 55, 475, 350, and 171, respectively. Ten weeks (similar to 75 days) after Dose 2, five of the six volunteers continued to exhibit a tetravalent neutralizing antibody profile; one volunteer's DENV4 PRNT50 titer fell below the assay cut-off (29 -> < 10); (clinicaltrials.gov NCT00384670). C1 [Thomas, Stephen J.] USAMC AFRIMS, APO AP, Bangkok 96546, Thailand. [Simasathien, Sriluck; Watanaveeradej, Veerachai] Phramongkutklao Hosp, Dept Pediat, Bangkok, Thailand. [Nisalak, Ananda; Gibbons, Robert V.; Zhang, Chunlin; Jarman, Richard G.; Chawachalasai, Wipa; Mammen, Mammen P., Jr.] Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Dept Virol, Bangkok, Thailand. [Barberousse, Celia] GlaxoSmithKline Biol, Rixensart, Belgium. [Innis, Bruce L.] GlaxoSmithKline Inc, King Of Prussia, PA USA. [Sun, Wellington] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Dengue Branch, Div Vector Borne Infect Dis, San Juan, PR 00920 USA. [Putnak, J. Robert] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Viral Dis, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. [Eckels, Kenneth H.; De La Barrera, Rafael] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Regulated Activit, Pilot Bioprod Facil, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. [Hutagalung, Yanee] GlaxoSmithKline Inc, Bangkok, Thailand. RP Thomas, SJ (reprint author), USAMC AFRIMS, APO AP, Bangkok 96546, Thailand. EM ssriluck@hotmail.com; stephen.thomas@afrims.org; veerachaiw@yahoo.com; ananda.nisalak@afrims.org; celia.barberousse@gsk.com; bruce.2.innis@gsk.com; WSun@cdc.gov; robert.putnak@amedd.army.mil; kenneth.eckels@amedd.army.mil; yanee.hutagalung@gsk.com; Robert.gibbons@afrims.org; chunlin.zhang@amedd.army.mil; rafael.delabarrera@na.amedd.army.mil; Richard.jarman@afrims.org; Wipac@afrims.org; mammen.mammen@amedd.army.mil NR 19 TC 66 Z9 75 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD MAR PY 2008 VL 78 IS 3 BP 426 EP 433 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 273KE UT WOS:000253928100016 PM 18337339 ER PT J AU Bergmann-Leitner, ES Duncan, EH Burge, JR Spring, M Angov, E AF Bergmann-Leitner, Elke S. Duncan, Elizabeth H. Burge, John Robert Spring, Michele Angov, Evelina TI Report: Miniaturization of a high-throughput pLDH-based Plasmodium falciparum growth inhibition assay for small volume samples from preclinical and clinical vaccine trials SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID IN-VITRO; ANTIBODIES; INFECTION; ANTIGENS AB To date, no immune correlates for blood stage-specific immunity against Plasmodium falciparum malaria parasites have been identified. Growth and/or invasion inhibition assays using sera from Phase 2a/b trials will aid in determining whether correlations with protective immunity can be established for these assays. A major constraint in the ability to evaluate functional antibody activities from populations in endemic areas is the relatively limited availability of sufficient sample quantity. For this reason, we developed a miniaturized and high-throughput method to measure growth inhibitory activity by quantification of parasite lactate dehydrogenase (pLDH) in a 384-microtiter plate format. This culture method can be extended beyond the pLDH-based readout to other techniques commonly used to determine growth/invasion inhibition. C1 [Bergmann-Leitner, Elke S.; Duncan, Elizabeth H.; Burge, John Robert; Spring, Michele; Angov, Evelina] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, US Mil Malaria Vaccine Program, Div Malaria Vaccine Dev, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Bergmann-Leitner, ES (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, US Mil Malaria Vaccine Program, Div Malaria Vaccine Dev, 503 Robert Grant Ave 3W76, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM elke.bergmannleitner@us.army.mil RI Spring, Michele/B-3564-2011; Bergmann-Leitner, Elke/B-3548-2011 OI Bergmann-Leitner, Elke/0000-0002-8571-8956 NR 12 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD MAR PY 2008 VL 78 IS 3 BP 468 EP 471 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 273KE UT WOS:000253928100022 PM 18337345 ER PT J AU Waibel, KH Chang, C AF Waibel, Kirk H. Chang, Chih TI Prevalence and food avoidance behaviors for gustatory rhinitis SO ANNALS OF ALLERGY ASTHMA & IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID RHINORRHEA; SMOKING AB Background: Gustatory rhinitis is a type of nonallergic rhinitis that is usually associated with ingestion of hot or spicy foods. Characteristics of this condition and its impact on food choices have not been studied. Objective: To survey individuals regarding causative foods, association with atopic conditions, and food avoidance behaviors for gustatory rhinitis. Methods: An original, self-administered questionnaire was distributed to children and adults who were seen in a busy outpatient dermatology clinic. Atopic history, frequency of rhinorrhea after food ingestion, intake of foods associated with gustatory rhinitis, symptom severity, and food avoidance were evaluated. Results: Of the 571 participants who completed the survey, 396 (69%) indicated at least 1 food resulted in gustatory rhinitis symptoms. Patients with allergic rhinitis (P <.001) and a history of smoking (P =.049) were more likely to have experienced gustatory rhinitis. Bread (6%) and hot chili peppers (49%) represented the least and most common foods identified, respectively. A total of 65% of patients who experienced gustatory rhinitis never avoided the causative food, whereas 46% were never bothered by their symptoms. Patients who reported more causative foods were also more likely to use medications before eating to lessen their symptoms (P =.03). Conclusion: The results presented herein suggest that almost all foods can be implicated, both children and adults develop this condition, and patients with a history of allergic rhinitis or smoking are more likely to report gustatory rhinitis symptoms. Most patients though do not avoid the causative food(s) and are not significantly bothered by symptoms. C1 [Waibel, Kirk H.] Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Allergy & Immunizat Clin, Allergy Immunol Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. [Chang, Chih] Internal Med Clin, Ft Leonard Wood, MO USA. RP Waibel, KH (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Allergy & Immunizat Clin, Allergy Immunol Serv, 3rd Floor,3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM kirk.waibel@amedd.army.mil NR 15 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER COLL ALLERGY ASTHMA IMMUNOLOGY PI ARLINGTON HTS PA 85 WEST ALGONQUIN RD SUITE 550, ARLINGTON HTS, IL 60005 USA SN 1081-1206 J9 ANN ALLERG ASTHMA IM JI Ann. Allergy Asthma Immunol. PD MAR PY 2008 VL 100 IS 3 BP 200 EP 205 PG 6 WC Allergy; Immunology SC Allergy; Immunology GA 274JT UT WOS:000253998300006 PM 18426138 ER PT J AU Codispoti, C Boyd, S Sees, D Conner, W AF Codispoti, Cindy Boyd, Sheri Sees, David Conner, William TI Symptomatic coronary obstruction due to Kawasaki disease in an adult SO ANNALS OF THORACIC SURGERY LA English DT Editorial Material ID YOUNG AB Kawasaki disease is the most common cause of pediatric ischemic heart disease in the world, but it is unusual in adults. We present a case of Kawasaki disease in a young adult. This 20-year-old man presented with angina. Coronary angiography revealed aneurysmal obstructive lesions consistent with remote Kawasaki disease. The patient underwent coronary artery bypass grafting with arterial conduits. Postoperative echocardiography was normal and stress myocardial perfusion imaging showed no ischemia. He remained asymptomatic 12 months after surgery. There is controversy regarding optimal therapy, choice of conduit, treatment of proximal aneurysms, and surveillance in adults with Kawasaki disease. C1 [Conner, William] Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Cardiothorac Surg Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Conner, W (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Cardiothorac Surg Serv, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM william.conner@amedd.army.mil NR 7 TC 2 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0003-4975 J9 ANN THORAC SURG JI Ann. Thorac. Surg. PD MAR PY 2008 VL 85 IS 3 BP 1081 EP 1083 DI 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2007.08.032 PG 4 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Respiratory System; Surgery SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology; Respiratory System; Surgery GA 266MZ UT WOS:000253441500045 PM 18291205 ER PT J AU Scorpio, A Tobery, SA Ribot, WJ Friedlander, AM AF Scorpio, Angelo Tobery, Steven A. Ribot, Wilson J. Friedlander, Arthur M. TI Treatment of experimental anthrax with recombinant capsule depolymerase SO ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY LA English DT Article ID GLUTAMIC ACID CAPSULE; BACILLUS-ANTHRACIS; LETHAL TOXIN; HUMAN-NEUTROPHILS; MACROPHAGES; ANTIBODIES; INFECTION; SPORES; KILL; INACTIVATION AB Bacillus anthracis produces an antiphagocytic gamma-linked poly-D-glutamic acid capsule that is required for virulence. Capsule depolymerase (CapD) is a membrane-associated poly-gamma-glutamate-specific depolymerase encoded on the B. anthracis capsule plasmid, pX02, that is reported to contribute to virulence by anchoring the capsule to the peptidoglycan and partially degrading high-molecular-weight capsule from the bacterial surface. We previously demonstrated that treatment with CapD effectively removes the capsule from anthrax bacilli, rendering them susceptible to phagocytic killing in vitro. Here we report that CapD promoted in vivo phagocytic killing of B. anthracis bacilli by mouse peritoneal neutrophils and that parenteral administration of CapD protected mice in two models of anthrax infection. CapD conferred significant protection compared with controls when coinjected with encapsulated bacilli from fully virulent B. anthracis Ames or the nontoxigenic encapsulated strain Delta Ames and when injected 10 min after infection with encapsulated bacilli from B. anthracis Ames. Protection was also observed when Capl) was administered 30 h after infection with B. anthracis Delta Ames spores, while significant protection could not be demonstrated following challenge with B. anthracis Ames spores. These data support the proposed role of capsule in B. anthracis virulence and suggest that strategies to target anthrax bacilli for neutrophil killing may lead to novel postexposure therapies. C1 [Scorpio, Angelo; Tobery, Steven A.; Ribot, Wilson J.; Friedlander, Arthur M.] USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. RP Friedlander, AM (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, 1425 Porter St, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. EM arthur.friedlander@amedd.army.mil NR 44 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0066-4804 J9 ANTIMICROB AGENTS CH JI Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. PD MAR PY 2008 VL 52 IS 3 BP 1014 EP 1020 DI 10.1128/AAC.00741-07 PG 7 WC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 268BS UT WOS:000253553500027 PM 18160516 ER PT J AU Ressner, RA Moore, MR Jorgensen, JH AF Ressner, Roseanne A. Moore, Matthew R. Jorgensen, James H. TI Activity of the diaminopyrimidine AR-709 against recently collected multidrug-resistant isolates of invasive Streptococcus pneumoniae from North America SO ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY LA English DT Article ID ANTIMICROBIAL RESISTANCE; UNITED-STATES; NONVACCINE SEROTYPES; CONJUGATE VACCINE; MACROLIDE; PNEUMOCOCCI; INFECTIONS AB Broth microdilution was used to determine the MICs of AR-709 and comparator antimicrobial agents for 224 invasive multidrug-resistant isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae. AR-709 was highly active, with a MIC50 of 0.25 mu g/ml, a MIC90 of 0.5 mu g/ml, and a range of <= 0.008 mu g/ml to 1 mu g/ml. C1 [Jorgensen, James H.] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, Dept Pathol, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. [Ressner, Roseanne A.] Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. [Moore, Matthew R.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. RP Jorgensen, JH (reprint author), Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, Dept Pathol, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. EM jorgensen@uthscsa.edu NR 18 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0066-4804 J9 ANTIMICROB AGENTS CH JI Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. PD MAR PY 2008 VL 52 IS 3 BP 1147 EP 1149 DI 10.1128/AAC.01387-07 PG 3 WC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 268BS UT WOS:000253553500047 PM 18180346 ER PT J AU Guicheteau, J Argue, L Emge, D Hyre, A Jacobson, M Christesen, S AF Guicheteau, J. Argue, L. Emge, D. Hyre, A. Jacobson, M. Christesen, S. TI Bacillus spore classification via surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy and principal component analysis SO APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy; SERS; Bacillus anthracis; bacteria; principal component analysis; PCA ID SINGLE BACTERIAL-CELLS; SILVER ELECTRODE; CHEMICAL-COMPOSITION; SPECTRA; SCATTERING; DISCRIMINATION; IDENTIFICATION; PYRIDINE AB Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) can provide rapid fingerprinting of biomaterial in a nondestructive manner. The adsorption of colloidal silver to biological material suppresses native biofluorescence while providing electromagnetic surface enhancement of the normal Raman signal. This work validates the applicability of qualitative SER spectroscopy for analysis of bacterial species by utilizing principal component analysis (PCA) to show discrimination of biological threat simulants, based upon multivariate statistical confidence limits bounding known data clusters. Gram-positive Bacillus spores (Bacillus atrophaeus, Bacillus anthracis, and Bacillus thuringiensis) are investigated along with the Gram-negative bacterium Pantoea agglomerans. C1 [Guicheteau, J.; Argue, L.; Emge, D.; Hyre, A.; Jacobson, M.; Christesen, S.] USA, Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Guicheteau, J (reprint author), USA, Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM guiclietcau@us.army.mil NR 30 TC 43 Z9 43 U1 4 U2 33 PU SOC APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY PI FREDERICK PA 201B BROADWAY ST, FREDERICK, MD 21701 USA SN 0003-7028 J9 APPL SPECTROSC JI Appl. Spectrosc. PD MAR PY 2008 VL 62 IS 3 BP 267 EP 272 DI 10.1366/000370208783759623 PG 6 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Spectroscopy SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Spectroscopy GA 272XT UT WOS:000253895700002 PM 18339232 ER PT J AU Howell, SM Bray, DW AF Howell, Sarah M. Bray, David W. TI Amelanotic melanoma in a patient with Rothmund-Thomson syndrome SO ARCHIVES OF DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Letter ID RECQL4; GENE C1 [Howell, Sarah M.; Bray, David W.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Silver Spring, MD 20906 USA. RP Howell, SM (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, 2327 Pondside Terr, Silver Spring, MD 20906 USA. EM Howe1128@gmail.com NR 5 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610-0946 USA SN 0003-987X J9 ARCH DERMATOL JI Arch. Dermatol. PD MAR PY 2008 VL 144 IS 3 BP 416 EP 417 DI 10.1001/archderm.144.3.416 PG 2 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 275AU UT WOS:000254045100024 PM 18347307 ER PT J AU Parente, L Uyehara, C Larsen, W Whitcomb, B Farley, J AF Parente, Lynn Uyehara, Catherine Larsen, Wilma Whitcomb, Bradford Farley, John TI Long-term impact of the women's health initiative on HRT SO ARCHIVES OF GYNECOLOGY AND OBSTETRICS LA English DT Article DE WHI; HRT; prescription rate ID HORMONE REPLACEMENT THERAPY; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; ESTROGEN PLUS PROGESTIN; POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN; UNITED-STATES AB Objective To evaluate the long-term trends in the HRT following the results of the WHI, which were made public in July 2002. Study design An observational cohort study was performed from prescription data of estrogen containing products ordered from Tripler Army Medical Center between July 1999 and July 2005. We used automated pharmacy data to identify all estrogen products dispensed to active duty soldiers, dependent wives, and retirees during the study period. Differences in prescription rate were compared between groups using a Student's t-test. Results A total of 71,592 prescriptions were written for HRT. Prescriptions decreased from 1,272/month at the start of the study to 493/month at the conclusion of the study. Prior to July 2002 OBGYNs were the first to decrease their prescribing rate of estrogen, and this decrease was greater than other specialties analyzed. The frequency of HRT prescriptions decreased after July 2002 while the percentage of patients who filled HRT prescriptions increased from 68 to 72%. Conclusions We have found a significant decrease in prescriptions after release of the WHI initiative results. With this decrease in prescribing rate of HRT we found that a greater percentage of women actually filled their prescriptions perhaps indicating greater certainty in their choice. C1 [Farley, John] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Bethesda, MD 20832 USA. [Whitcomb, Bradford] Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. [Larsen, Wilma] William Beaumont Army Med Ctr, Ft Bliss, TX USA. [Uyehara, Catherine] Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. [Parente, Lynn] Womack Army Commun Hosp, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Ft Bragg, NC USA. RP Farley, J (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, MD 20832 USA. EM john.farley@us.army.mil NR 13 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 0932-0067 J9 ARCH GYNECOL OBSTET JI Arch. Gynecol. Obstet. PD MAR PY 2008 VL 277 IS 3 BP 219 EP 224 DI 10.1007/s00404-007-0442-1 PG 6 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 262DA UT WOS:000253128000006 PM 17713777 ER PT J AU Taylor, AJ Bindeman, J Le, TP Bauer, K Byrd, C Feuerstein, IM Wu, HY O'Malley, PG AF Taylor, Allen J. Bindeman, Jody Le, Toan P. Bauer, Kelly Byrd, Carole Feuerstein, Irwin M. Wu, Hongyan O'Malley, Patrick G. TI Progression of calcified coronary atherosclerosis: Relationship to coronary risk factors and carotid intima-media thickness SO ATHEROSCLEROSIS LA English DT Article DE risk factors; calcium; tomography; imaging; atherosclerosis ID BEAM COMPUTED-TOMOGRAPHY; ARTERY CALCIUM; MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; CARDIOVASCULAR RISK; ASYMPTOMATIC MEN; HEART-DISEASE; CALCIFICATION; WOMEN; PROJECT; ADULTS AB Background: The determinants of coronary artery calcium (CAC) progression are not well understood. Prior studies have shown a limited relationship between CAC progression and traditional coronary risk factors. We hypothesized that the extent of non-calcified atherosclerosis detected using carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) would predict progression of calcified atherosclerosis. Methods: One hundred and eighty healthy male participants (mean age 47.9) with CAC from the Prospective Army Coronary Calcium (PACC) project volunteered to undergo a second EBCT scan, risk factor assessment, lab testing, and CIMT assessment 4.2 +/- 1.3 years after their original scan. All results were independently examined, blinded to baseline data. A change in CAC score >= 15% per year was defined as clinically significant progression. Results: CAC progression occurred in 60.2%. Compared to participants without progression, those with progression had higher triglycerides, LDL and total cholesterol and Framingham risk scores, but similar blood pressure, HDL cholesterol, blood glucose, C-reactive protein, fibrinogen, and body mass index. CIMT was significantly higher among those with versus without CAC progression (0.660mm versus 0.603 mm; P = 0.001). Each quintile of increasing CIMT was independently associated with a 35% increase in the odds of CAC progression (P = 0.01), after controlling for the Framingham risk score and C-reactive protein. Conclusion: Among middle-aged men with coronary calcium, increasing extent of non-calcified atherosclerosis is strongly associated with coronary artery calcium progression over 4 years. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd. C1 [Taylor, Allen J.; Bindeman, Jody; Le, Toan P.; Bauer, Kelly; Byrd, Carole; Feuerstein, Irwin M.; Wu, Hongyan; O'Malley, Patrick G.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med & Cardiol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Taylor, Allen J.; Bindeman, Jody; Le, Toan P.; Bauer, Kelly; Byrd, Carole; Feuerstein, Irwin M.; Wu, Hongyan; O'Malley, Patrick G.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Taylor, AJ (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med & Cardiol Serv, 6900 Georgia Ave,NW Bldg 2,Room 4A34, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM allen.taylor@na.amedd.army.mil NR 24 TC 28 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0021-9150 J9 ATHEROSCLEROSIS JI Atherosclerosis PD MAR PY 2008 VL 197 IS 1 BP 339 EP 345 DI 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2007.05.027 PG 7 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 282LS UT WOS:000254569900047 PM 17727858 ER PT J AU Richard, R Hedman, TL Quick, CD Renz, EM Cancio, LC Chung, KK Dewey, WS Barillo, DJ Holcomb, JB AF Richard, Reg Hedman, Travis L. Quick, Charles D. Renz, Evan M. Cancio, Leopold C. Chung, Kevin K. Dewey, W. Scott Barillo, David J. Holcomb, John B. TI Burns SO BURNS LA English DT Letter ID INJURY C1 [Richard, Reg; Hedman, Travis L.; Quick, Charles D.; Renz, Evan M.; Cancio, Leopold C.; Chung, Kevin K.; Dewey, W. Scott; Barillo, David J.; Holcomb, John B.] USA, Inst Surg Res, ATTN MCMR USC PT, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Richard, R (reprint author), USA, Inst Surg Res, ATTN MCMR USC PT, 3400 Rawley E Chambers Ave, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM reginald.richard@amedd.army.mil NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0305-4179 J9 BURNS JI Burns PD MAR PY 2008 VL 34 IS 2 BP 295 EP 296 DI 10.1016/j.burns.2007.07.001 PG 2 WC Critical Care Medicine; Dermatology; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Dermatology; Surgery GA 270DZ UT WOS:000253701600026 PM 17913368 ER PT J AU Tsang, RSW Tsai, CM Henderson, AM Tyler, S Law, DKS Zollinger, W Jamieson, F AF Tsang, Raymond S. W. Tsai, Chao Ming Henderson, Averil M. Tyler, Shaun Law, Dennis K. S. Zollinger, Wendell Jamieson, Frances TI Immunochemical studies and genetic background of two Neisseria meningitidis isolates expressing unusual capsule polysaccharide antigens with specificities of both serogroup Y and W135 SO CANADIAN JOURNAL OF MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE N. meningitidis; serogroup Y; W135 ID SIAD PCR-ELISA; MENINGOCOCCAL DISEASE; STRUCTURAL DETERMINATION; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; CHEMICAL PROPERTIES; IDENTIFICATION; W135; SIALYLTRANSFERASE; STRAINS; PROTEIN AB We described 2 unusual Neisseria meningitidis strains isolated from epidemiologically unrelated invasive meningococcal disease cases in Ontario, Canada. Both isolates have features typical of serogroup Y N.ameningitidis: are of serotype 2c, are of the multi-locus sequence types typical of the serogroup Y strains in Canada, and are genotyped as serogroup Y based on a previously described PCR-ELISA method that detects the serogroup-Y-specific siaD gene. However, both strains were poly-agglutinable in both anti-Y and anti-W135 antisera. Further studies on 1 of these 2 isolates showed the presence of glucose and galactose as well as sialic acids in its purified capsular polysaccharide, suggesting the presence of both serogroup Y and serogroup W135 polysaccharides. Rabbit antisera produced to this strain contained antibodies to both purified serogroup Y and serogroup W135 capsular polysaccharides. Absorption experiments with either serogroup Y or serogroup W135 bacteria confirmed the presence of antibodies to these 2 different polysaccharides. DNA sequencing of the cps operon from both isolates revealed a siaD gene with 99.7% homology to the published siaD sequence from a serogroup Y strain but with 3 point mutations that all resulted in amino acid changes. How these strains may affect results of routine surveillance, PCR diagnosis, and immuno-protection by vaccination are discussed. C1 [Tsang, Raymond S. W.; Henderson, Averil M.; Law, Dennis K. S.] Publ Hlth Agcy Canada, Natl Microbiol Lab, Lab Vaccine Preventable Bacterial Dis, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3R2, Canada. [Tsai, Chao Ming] US FDA, Ctr Biol Evaluat & Res, Div Bacterial Parasit & Allergen Prod, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Tyler, Shaun] Publ Hlth Agcy Canada, Natl Microbiol Lab, DNA Core Facil, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3R2, Canada. [Zollinger, Wendell] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Bacterial Dis, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. [Jamieson, Frances] Minist Hlth & Long Term Care, Ontario Publ Hlth Lab, Toronto, ON M9P 3T1, Canada. RP Tsang, RSW (reprint author), Publ Hlth Agcy Canada, Natl Microbiol Lab, Lab Vaccine Preventable Bacterial Dis, 1015 Arlington St, Winnipeg, MB R3E 3R2, Canada. EM raymond_tsang@phac-aspc.gc.ca RI Zollinger, Wendell/B-2887-2011; Jamieson, Frances/B-2040-2013 FU Wellcome Trust NR 33 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 4 PU NATL RESEARCH COUNCIL CANADA-N R C RESEARCH PRESS PI OTTAWA PA BUILDING M 55, OTTAWA, ON K1A 0R6, CANADA SN 0008-4166 J9 CAN J MICROBIOL JI Can. J. Microbiol. PD MAR PY 2008 VL 54 IS 3 BP 229 EP 234 DI 10.1139/W07-132 PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Immunology; Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Immunology; Microbiology GA 285EL UT WOS:000254760000008 PM 18388994 ER PT J AU Rodriguez, GC Rimel, BJ Watkin, W Turbov, JM Barry, C Du, H Maxwell, GL Cline, JM AF Rodriguez, Gustavo C. Rimel, B. J. Watkin, William Turbov, Jane M. Barry, Cathy Du, Hongyan Maxwell, George L. Cline, J. M. TI Progestin treatment induces apoptosis and modulates transforming growth factor-beta in the uterine endometrium SO CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY BIOMARKERS & PREVENTION LA English DT Article ID MULLERIAN-INHIBITING SUBSTANCE; HUMAN OVARIAN-CANCER; COMBINED ORAL-CONTRACEPTIVES; HORMONE REPLACEMENT THERAPY; TGF-BETA; EPITHELIAL-CELLS; MEDROXYPROGESTERONE ACETATE; POSTMENOPAUSAL WOMEN; ESTROGEN POTENCY; IN-VIVO AB Background: Epidemiologic, animal, and human data suggest that progestins are potent endometrial cancer preventive agents. In the ovarian surface epithelium, progestins have been hypothesized to confer a cancer preventive effect via apoptosis and modulation of transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta). Given that the ovarian epithelium and endometrium share a common embryologic origin and similar reproductive and hormonal risk factors for malignancy, we tested the hypothesis that progestins confer biological effects in the endometrium similar to those in the ovary. Methods: Postmenopausal female macaques (n = 78) were randomized into four groups to receive a diet for 36 months containing no hormone versus conjugated equine estrogen (CEE), medroxyprogesterone acetate (MPA), or CEE + MPA. The endometrium was then examined immunohistochemically for treatment-specific changes using antibodies to activated caspase-3 (for apoptosis), Ki-67 (proliferation), and the TGF-beta 1, TGF-beta 2, and TGF-beta 3 isoforms. Results: Percentages of caspase-positive endometrial glandular cells were 3- to 5-fold higher in CEE + MPA-treated animals compared with all others (P < 0.05). Caspase-expressing cells were six times more numerous in the endometrial stroma of animals treated with MPA alone relative to other groups (P < 0.0001). Induction of endometrial glandular cell apoptosis in the CEE + MPA-treated group was associated with a dramatic increase in expression of TGF-beta 2 and TGF-beta 3 in the stromal compartment of the endometrium (P < 0.0001). Conclusion: Progestin treatment activates chemopreventive biological effects in the endometrium that are similar to those in the ovarian surface epithelium. These data may facilitate identification of a chemopreventive approach that dramatically lessens the risk of both uterine and ovarian cancer. C1 [Rodriguez, Gustavo C.; Rimel, B. J.; Turbov, Jane M.; Barry, Cathy] Northwestern Univ, Feinberg Sch Med, Div Gynecol Oncol, Evanston NW Healthcare, Evanston, IL 60201 USA. [Watkin, William] Northwestern Univ, Feinberg Sch Med, Div Pathol, Evanston, IL 60201 USA. [Du, Hongyan] Evanston NW Healthcare, Ctr Outcomes Res & Educ, Evanston, IL USA. [Maxwell, George L.] Gynecol Dis Ctr, Washington, DC USA. [Maxwell, George L.] US Mil Canc Inst, Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Cline, J. M.] Wake Forest Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pathol, Comparat Med Sect, Winston Salem, NC 27109 USA. RP Rodriguez, GC (reprint author), Northwestern Univ, Feinberg Sch Med, Div Gynecol Oncol, Evanston NW Healthcare, Suite 1507,Walgreen Bldg,2650 Ridge Ave, Evanston, IL 60201 USA. EM grodriguez@enh.org FU NHLBI NIH HHS [HL-490852, HL-45666] NR 77 TC 17 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI PHILADELPHIA PA 615 CHESTNUT ST, 17TH FLOOR, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-4404 USA SN 1055-9965 J9 CANCER EPIDEM BIOMAR JI Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev. PD MAR PY 2008 VL 17 IS 3 BP 578 EP 584 DI 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-07-0551 PG 7 WC Oncology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Oncology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 279RZ UT WOS:000254373600016 PM 18349275 ER PT J AU Chia, VM Sakoda, LC Graubard, BI Rubertone, MV Chanock, SJ Erickson, RL McGlynn, KA AF Chia, Victoria M. Sakoda, Lori C. Graubard, Barry I. Rubertone, Mark V. Chanock, Stephen J. Erickson, Ralph L. McGlynn, Katherine A. TI Risk of testicular germ cell tumors and polymorphisms in the insulin-like growth factor genes SO CANCER EPIDEMIOLOGY BIOMARKERS & PREVENTION LA English DT Article ID BONE-MINERAL DENSITY; FACTOR-I; CANCER-RISK; CIRCULATING LEVELS; BINDING PROTEIN-3; BREAST-CANCER; UNITED-STATES; BODY-SIZE; VITAMIN-D; IGF-I AB Because taller men are at increased risk of developing testicular germ cell tumors (TGCT), it is conceivable that factors that influence adult height could be related to risk of TGCT. Because common genetic variation in genes of the insulin-like growth factor (IGF) pathway could influence somatic growth, 43 single nucleotide polymorphisms in four IGF genes (IGF-1, IGF-1R, IGF-2, and IGFALS) were genotyped in 577 case and 707 control participants from the U.S. Servicemen's Testicular Tumor Environmental and Endocrine Determinants Study to assess relationships with TGCT risk; additionally, associations between polymorphisms and adult height were examined. Relationships between polymorphisms and adult height were assessed using adjusted linear regression models, and associations between polymorphisms and TGCT risk were determined by adjusted logistic regression models estimating odds ratios. Although four IGF-1R polymorphisms (rs907806, rs3743258, rs229765, and rs9282714) were associated with height (P-trend < 0.05), there were no relationships with any other polymorphism. Overall, there were no associations among polymorphisms or haplotypes in the IGF genes and TGCT risk, with odds ratios ranging from 0.55 to 1.50. Similarly, there was no association among the polymorphisms and risk of specific TGCT histologies (seminoma and nonseminoma). There was a suggestion, however, that adult height may modify the relationship between an IGF-1 haplotype and TGCT risk. These results suggest that, in aggregate, genetic variation in IGF loci is not associated with TGCT risk. C1 [Chia, Victoria M.; Graubard, Barry I.; McGlynn, Katherine A.] NCI, Div Canc Epidemiol & Genet, NIH, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Sakoda, Lori C.] Univ Washington, Sch Publ Hlth & Community Med, Dept Epidemiol, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Rubertone, Mark V.] USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Washington, DC 20310 USA. [Chanock, Stephen J.] NCI, Inst Core Genotyping Facil, NIH, Dept Hlth & Human Serv, Gaithersburg, MD USA. [Erickson, Ralph L.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Forest Glen, MD USA. RP Chia, VM (reprint author), NCI, Hormonal & Reprod Epidemiol Branch, Div Canc Epidemiol & Genet, NIH,Dept Hlth & Human Serv, EPS,Suite 550,6120 Execut Blvd, Rockville, MD 20892 USA. EM chiav@mail.nih.gov FU Intramural NIH HHS NR 25 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI PHILADELPHIA PA 615 CHESTNUT ST, 17TH FLOOR, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-4404 USA SN 1055-9965 J9 CANCER EPIDEM BIOMAR JI Cancer Epidemiol. Biomarkers Prev. PD MAR PY 2008 VL 17 IS 3 BP 721 EP 726 DI 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-07-0768 PG 6 WC Oncology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Oncology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 279RZ UT WOS:000254373600036 PM 18349294 ER PT J AU Lapkin, AA Boddu, VM Aliev, GN Goller, B Polisski, S Kovalev, D AF Lapkin, Alexei A. Boddu, Veera M. Aliev, Gazi N. Goller, Bernhard Polisski, Sergej Kovalev, Dmitry TI Photo-oxidation by singlet oxygen generated on nanoporous silicon in a LED-powered reactor SO CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE nanoporous silicon; singlet oxygen; photochemistry; continuous processes ID WASTE-WATER TREATMENT; MICROREACTORS; NANOCRYSTALS; PURIFICATION; SOLVENT; DESIGN AB An annular flow photochemical reactor illuminated by UV and green (524 nm) light emitting diodes (LEDs) was characterised by a chemical actinometer. Very high efficiency of absorption of photons, most likely promoted by the specific orientation of LED elements in the reactor, was calculated based on the measured actinometry results. Generation of singlet oxygen mediated by nanoporous silicon under illumination by Ar+ laser, UV and green LEDs was demonstrated by indirect measurement of suppression of porous Si photoluminescence, and by direct measurements of singlet oxygen luminescence. The efficiency of reactor in singlet oxygen mediated reactions was tested using reaction of decomposition of diphenylbenzofuran. Estimated quantum yield of chemical reaction is about 34%. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Lapkin, Alexei A.; Aliev, Gazi N.] Univ Bath, Dept Chem Engn, Catalysis & React Engn Grp, Bath BA2 7AY, Avon, England. [Boddu, Veera M.] USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Construct Engn Res Labs, Champaign, IL 61826 USA. [Goller, Bernhard; Polisski, Sergej; Kovalev, Dmitry] Univ Bath, Dept Phys, Bath BA2 7AY, Avon, England. RP Lapkin, AA (reprint author), Univ Bath, Dept Chem Engn, Catalysis & React Engn Grp, Bath BA2 7AY, Avon, England. EM A.Lapkin@bath.ac.uk RI Aliev, Gazi/A-8495-2010 OI Aliev, Gazi/0000-0002-0529-5165 NR 26 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 2 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 1385-8947 J9 CHEM ENG J JI Chem. Eng. J. PD MAR 1 PY 2008 VL 136 IS 2-3 BP 331 EP 336 DI 10.1016/j.cej.2007.04.013 PG 6 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA 285RQ UT WOS:000254794300032 ER PT J AU Holley, A Mayes, D Browning, R AF Holley, Aaron Mayes, Danira. Browning, Robert TI A 40-year-old man with neutropenic fever and lobar consolidation SO CHEST LA English DT Article DE bronchoscopy; immunosuppression; mucormycosis ID INVASIVE PULMONARY ASPERGILLOSIS; IMMUNOCOMPROMISED PATIENTS; FLEXIBLE BRONCHOSCOPY; IMAGING FINDINGS; ACUTE-LEUKEMIA; HALO SIGN; DISEASE; HOST; MUCORMYCOSIS; UTILITY C1 [Holley, Aaron; Mayes, Danira.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Browning, Robert] Natl Naval Med Ctr, Bethesda, MD USA. RP Holley, A (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, 6900 Georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM aaron.holley@NA.amedd.army.mil NR 18 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER COLL CHEST PHYSICIANS PI NORTHBROOK PA 3300 DUNDEE ROAD, NORTHBROOK, IL 60062-2348 USA SN 0012-3692 J9 CHEST JI Chest PD MAR PY 2008 VL 133 IS 3 BP 816 EP 819 DI 10.1378/chest.07-1627 PG 4 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 273LV UT WOS:000253933300035 PM 18321912 ER PT J AU Swenson, DL Wang, D Luo, M Warfield, KL Woraratanadharm, J Holman, DH Dong, JY Pratt, WD AF Swenson, Dana L. Wang, Danher Luo, Min Warfield, Kelly L. Woraratanadharm, Jan Holman, David H. Dong, John Y. Pratt, William D. TI Vaccine to confer to nonhuman primates complete protection against multistrain Ebola and Marburg virus infections SO CLINICAL AND VACCINE IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID CELLULAR IMMUNE-RESPONSES; ADENOVIRUS VECTORS; HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER; GUINEA-PIGS; PARTICLES PROTECT; RHESUS-MONKEYS; IMMUNOGENICITY; EXPRESSION; INDUCTION; MACAQUES AB Filoviruses (Ebola and Marburg viruses) are among the deadliest viruses known to mankind, with mortality rates nearing 90%. These pathogens are highly infectious through contact with infected body fluids and can be easily aerosolized. Additionally, there are currently no licensed vaccines available to prevent filovirus outbreaks. Their high mortality rates and infectious capabilities when aerosolized and the lack of licensed vaccines available to prevent such infectious make Ebola and Marburg viruses serious bioterrorism threats, placing them both on the category A list of bioterrorism agents. Here we describe a panfilovirus vaccine based on a complex adenovirus (CAdVax) technology that expresses multiple antigens from five different filoviruses de novo. Vaccination of nonhuman primates demonstrated 100% protection against infection by two species of Ebola virus and three Marburg virus subtypes, each administered at 1,000 times the lethal dose. This study indicates the feasibility of vaccination against all current filovirus threats in the event of natural hemorrhagic fever outbreak or biological attack. C1 [Swenson, Dana L.; Warfield, Kelly L.; Pratt, William D.] USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. [Wang, Danher; Luo, Min; Woraratanadharm, Jan; Holman, David H.; Dong, John Y.] GenPhar Inc, Div Biodef Vaccines, Mt Pleasant, SC 29464 USA. [Dong, John Y.] Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Charleston, SC 29403 USA. RP Pratt, WD (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, 1425 Porter St, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM william.pratt@amedd.army.mil FU Department of Defense [DAMD17-02-2-0035] FX We acknowledge Kevin M. Moore and Benjamin M. Swain for their technical assistance on this project.; This work was supported in part by a grant from the Department of Defense, award number DAMD17-02-2-0035.; Neither the U. S. government nor the Department of Defense is necessarily responsible for or endorses the results published here. NR 48 TC 64 Z9 71 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 1556-6811 J9 CLIN VACCINE IMMUNOL JI Clin. Vaccine Immunol. PD MAR PY 2008 VL 15 IS 3 BP 460 EP 467 DI 10.1128/CVI.00431-07 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 340TA UT WOS:000258666700010 PM 18216185 ER PT J AU Gao, SW Oliver, DK Das, N Hurst, FP Lentine, KL Agodoa, LY Sawyers, ES Abbott, KC AF Gao, Sam W. Oliver, David K. Das, Neal Hurst, Frank P. Lentine, Krista L. Agodoa, Lawrence Y. Sawyers, Eric S. Abbott, Kevin C. TI Assessment of racial disparities in chronic kidney disease stage 3 and 4 care in the Department of Defense health system SO CLINICAL JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF NEPHROLOGY LA English DT Article ID AFRICAN-AMERICANS; PREVALENCE; MORTALITY; GFR AB Background and objectives: Racial disparities in provision of healthcare are widespread in the United States but have not been specifically assessed in provision of chronic kidney disease (CKD) care. Design, setting, participants, & measurements: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of the clinical database used in a Department of Defense (DOD) medical system. Beneficiaries studied were DOD-eligible beneficiaries with CKD stage 3 (n = 7729) and 4 (n = 589) using the modified Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD)-estimated GFR formula but requiring manual correction for Black race. Compliance with selected Kidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiative (KDOQI) CKD recommended targets (monitoring of recommended laboratory data, prescription of recommended medications, and referral to nephrology) was assessed over a 12-mo period, stratified by CKD stage. Logistic regression analysis was used to assess whether race (White, Black, or other) was independently associated with provider compliance with targets, adjusted for demographic factors and burden of comorbid conditions. Results: Among the targets, only monitoring of LDL cholesterol was significantly less common among Blacks. For all other measures, compliance was either not significantly different or significantly higher for Black compared with White beneficiaries. However, patients categorized as "Other" race were in general less likely to achieve targets than Whites, and at stage 3 CKD significantly less likely to achieve targets for monitoring of phosphorous, hemoglobin, and vitamin D. Conclusions: In the DOD health system, provider compliance with selected CKD stage 3 and 4 targets was not significantly lower for Black beneficiaries than for Whites, with the exception of LDL cholesterol monitoring. Patients classified as Other race were generally less likely to achieve targets than Whites, in some patients significantly so. C1 [Oliver, David K.; Das, Neal; Hurst, Frank P.; Abbott, Kevin C.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Nephrol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Gao, Sam W.] Natl Naval Med Ctr, Serv Nephrol, Bethesda, MD USA. [Gao, Sam W.; Oliver, David K.; Das, Neal; Hurst, Frank P.; Abbott, Kevin C.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Lentine, Krista L.] St Louis Univ, Ctr Outcomes Res, St Louis, MO 63103 USA. [Sawyers, Eric S.] Natl Naval Med Ctr, San Diego, CA USA. [Agodoa, Lawrence Y.] NIDDK, Natl Inst Hlth, San Diego, CA USA. RP Abbott, KC (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Nephrol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM kevin.abbott@us.army.mil OI Abbott, Kevin/0000-0003-2111-7112 NR 15 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC NEPHROLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1725 I ST, NW STE 510, WASHINGTON, DC 20006 USA SN 1555-905X J9 CLIN J AM SOC NEPHRO JI Clin. J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. PD MAR PY 2008 VL 3 IS 2 BP 442 EP 449 DI 10.2215/CJN.03940907 PG 8 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 270GS UT WOS:000253709800021 PM 18199843 ER PT J AU Cantilena, LR Saviolakis, GA Leary, KJ Miller, RS Weina, PJ AF Cantilena, L. R. Saviolakis, G. A. Leary, K. J. Miller, R. S. Weina, P. J. TI Multiple dose phase I investigation of intravenous artesunate in healthy volunteer subjects. SO CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 109th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Clinical-Pharmacology-and-Therapeutics CY APR 02-05, 2008 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Soc Clin Pharmacol & Therapeut C1 [Cantilena, L. R.; Saviolakis, G. A.; Leary, K. J.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Miller, R. S.; Weina, P. J.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK STREET, 9TH FLOOR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 0009-9236 J9 CLIN PHARMACOL THER JI Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. PD MAR PY 2008 VL 83 SU 1 BP S73 EP S73 PG 1 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 266ER UT WOS:000253417800234 ER PT J AU Longfield, JN Morris, MJ Moran, KA Kragh, JF Wolf, R Baskin, TW AF Longfield, Jenice N. Morris, Michael J. Moran, Kimberly A. Kragh, John F., Jr. Wolf, Rick Baskin, Toney W. TI Community meetings for emergency research community consultation SO CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE community meetings; emergency research protocol; PolyHeme study ID INFORMED-CONSENT; WAIVER; GUIDELINES; EXPERIENCE AB Objective. To survey attendees at community meetings for an emergency research protocol and determine whether these meetings aid participants' understanding and decision to support the proposed emergency research. Design: Postmeeting questionnaire. Setting: Three community meetings for the PolyHeme study in San Antonio area. Subjects. One hundred fifty community meeting attendees. Interventions: PolyHeme research team representatives made a study presentation concerning exception to informed consent regulations. In addition, institutional review board (IRB) members attended these meetings and made a separate presentation about the IN approval of research and the exception to informed consent in emergency research. The IN members requested attendees to voluntarily complete an additional Community Consultation Survey assessing demographics, community meeting satisfaction, and impact of the community meeting on their attitudes toward emergency research studies. Measurements and Main Results., Feedback to the PolyHeme investigators with their validation questions indicated that 35% of the respondents objected to research without prior consent, but 82% gave approval for the study in the local community; 137 attendees completed the additional Community Consultation Survey. The average score on the adequacy of information provided about the PolyHeme study was 0.58 on a 5-point Likert scale (-2 to +2). Adequacy of IRB background information on human subjects research received an average score of 0.56, and the overall clarity of the information on community consultation was 0.91. Although 80% of respondents felt there was a potential benefit from PolyHeme, < 67% would either want to participate or enroll their family members with or without prior consent. Conclusions. The majority of community meeting attendees understand basic concepts and regulations of emergency research without prior consent. Despite an 82% concurrence with the study in their community, approximately 30% of persons would not willingly choose to participate in emergency research or provide consent for their family members despite knowledge about the process. C1 [Longfield, Jenice N.] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. [Moran, Kimberly A.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Div Trop Publ Hlth, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Morris, Michael J.] Brooke Army Med Ctr, Pulm Dis Crit Care Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. [Kragh, John F., Jr.] Brooke Army Med Ctr, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. [Wolf, Rick] Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. [Baskin, Toney W.] Brooke Army Med Ctr, Surg Crit Care Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Longfield, JN (reprint author), Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. EM michael.morris@amedd.army.mil NR 14 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0090-3493 J9 CRIT CARE MED JI Crit. Care Med. PD MAR PY 2008 VL 36 IS 3 BP 731 EP 736 DI 10.1097/01.CCM.0B013E318161FB82 PG 6 WC Critical Care Medicine SC General & Internal Medicine GA 266QD UT WOS:000253450500009 PM 18091552 ER PT J AU Rash, CE AF Rash, Clarence E. TI A 25-year retrospective review of visual complaints and illusions associated with a monocular helmet-mounted display SO DISPLAYS LA English DT Article DE helmet-mounted display; visual illusions; Integrated Helmet and Display Sighting System (IHADSS); monocular display; binocular display AB In the early 1980s the U.S. Army fielded the first integrated helmet-mounted display (HMD) for use in the AH-64 Apache helicopter. To reduce head-supported weight and minimize center-of-mass offsets, a monocular optical design was selected. Although early design concerns of binocular rivalry and the Pulfrich phenomenon never materialized, user surveys have documented persistent reports of visual complaints and illusions in peacetime training flights. However, a recent evaluation conducted under battle conditions in Operation Iraqi Freedom found statistically lower reports of complaints and illusions. While these reported problems are short-term, questions have been raised regarding potential long-term physiological effects resulting from long-term use of this monocular display. A 10-year longitudinal study, currently underway in the U.K., has been implemented to definitively answer the question of whether long-term exposure produces any degradation in binocular visual function. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 USA, Aeromed Res Lab, Ft Rucker, AL 36362 USA. RP Rash, CE (reprint author), USA, Aeromed Res Lab, Ft Rucker, AL 36362 USA. EM clarence.rash@se.amedd.army.mil NR 27 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 3 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0141-9382 J9 DISPLAYS JI Displays PD MAR PY 2008 VL 29 IS 2 BP 70 EP 80 DI 10.1016/j.displa.2007.09.011 PG 11 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Computer Science; Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA 259BB UT WOS:000252913000004 ER PT J AU Doshi, R Braida, W Christodoulatos, C Wazne, M O'Connor, G AF Doshi, Reeti Braida, Washington Christodoulatos, Christos Wazne, Mahmoud O'Connor, Gregory TI Nano-aluminum: Transport through sand columns and environmental effects on plants and soil communities SO ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 8th International Conference on Protection and Restoration of the Environment CY JUL 03-07, 2006 CL Chania, GREECE SP Tech Univ Crete, Stevens Inst Technol DE nano-aluminum; transport; plant uptake; soil respiration; Microtox AB Nano-aluminum is being used in increasing quantities as energetic material. This research addresses the transport of two types of nanosized aluminum particles (with aluminum oxide, or carboxylate ligand coating, Alex and L-Alex, respectively) through sand columns along with associated environmental impacts on soil systems. Surface phenomena and pH are variables controlling the transport of nano-aluminum particles through porous media. pH environment controls solubility and electrostatic interactions between nano-aluminum particles and porous media. (i.e., changes in point of zero charge, agglomeration, etc.). Concentrations (up to 17 mg/L) far greater than the World Health Organization guideline for Al in drinking water (0.2 mg/L) were measured in columns' leachates. Plant uptake studies, mineralization of radiolabeled glucose test and Microtox test were used to investigate the environmental impacts of nano-aluminum on soil communities and plants. It appears that the presence of nano-aluminum particles did not have an adverse effect on the growth of California red kidney bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) and rye grass (Lolium perenne) plants in the concentration range tested. California red beans did not show uptake of aluminum, while the situation was different for rye grass where a 2.5-fold increase in Al concentration in the leaves was observed as compared with control tests. Nano-aluminum particles in suspension do not appear to have an impact on the metabolic activity of Vibrio fischeri. However, when the nano-aluminum particles were amended to the soil, Alex aluminum resulted in a 50% reduction of light output at concentrations below 5000 mg/L soil suspension concentration while L-Alex showed a similar effect at around 17,500 mg/L and the control soil at 37,500 mg/L. Soil respiration studies show that there are not statistical differences between the time and sizes of peaks in CO2 production and the total mineralization of glucose. (C) 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Doshi, Reeti; Braida, Washington; Christodoulatos, Christos; Wazne, Mahmoud] Stevens Inst Technol, Ctr Environm Syst, Hoboken, NJ 07030 USA. [O'Connor, Gregory] USA, Environm Technol Div, Picatinny Arsenal, NJ 07806 USA. RP Braida, W (reprint author), Stevens Inst Technol, Ctr Environm Syst, Hoboken, NJ 07030 USA. EM rdoshi2@stevens.edu; wbraida@stevens.edu; christod@stevens.edu; mwazne@stevens.edu; goconnor@pica.army.mil NR 12 TC 90 Z9 105 U1 5 U2 49 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0013-9351 J9 ENVIRON RES JI Environ. Res. PD MAR PY 2008 VL 106 IS 3 BP 296 EP 303 DI 10.1016/j.envres.2007.04.006 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 284TG UT WOS:000254728100003 PM 17537426 ER PT J AU Douglas, TA Sturm, M Simpson, WR Blum, JD Alvarez-Aviles, L Keeler, GJ Perovich, DK Biswas, A Johnson, K AF Douglas, Thomas A. Sturm, Matthew Simpson, William R. Blum, Joel D. Alvarez-Aviles, Laura Keeler, Gerald J. Perovich, Donald K. Biswas, Abir Johnson, Kelsey TI Influence of snow and ice crystal formation and accumulation on mercury deposition to the Arctic SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID REACTIVE GASEOUS MERCURY; ALERT 2000 CAMPAIGN; SURFACE-AREA; HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE; SOLID-SOLUTION; POLAR SUNRISE; AMBIENT AIR; THERMODYNAMICS; SPECIATION; GROWTH AB Mercury is deposited to the Polar Regions during springtime atmospheric mercury depletion events (AMDEs) but the relationship between snow and ice crystal formation and mercury deposition is not well understood. The objective of this investigation was to determine if mercury concentrations were related to the type and formation of snow and ice crystals. On the basis of almost three hundred analyses of samples collected in the Alaskan Arctic,we suggest that kinetic crystals growing from the vapor phase, including surface hoar, frost flowers, and diamond dust, yield mercury concentrations that are typically 2-10 times higher than that reported for snow deposited during AMDEs (similar to 80 ng/L). Our results show that the crystal type and formation affect the mercury concentration in any given snow sample far more than the AMDE activity prior to snow collection. We present a conceptual model of how snow grain processes including deposition, condensation, reemission, sublimation, and turbulent diffusive uptake influence mercury concentrations in snow and ice. These processes are time dependent and operate collectively to affect the retention and fate of mercury in the cryosphere. The model highlights the importance of the formation and postdeposition crystallographic history of snow or ice crystals in determining the fate and concentration of mercury in the cryosphere. C1 [Douglas, Thomas A.; Sturm, Matthew] Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Ft Wainwright, AK USA. [Simpson, William R.; Alvarez-Aviles, Laura] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Geophys, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. [Simpson, William R.; Alvarez-Aviles, Laura] Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Dept Chem, Fairbanks, AK USA. [Blum, Joel D.; Biswas, Abir; Johnson, Kelsey] Univ Michigan, Dept Geol Sci, Hanover, NH USA. [Keeler, Gerald J.] Univ Michigan, Air Qual Lab, Hanover, NH USA. [Perovich, Donald K.] USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Douglas, TA (reprint author), Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Ft Wainwright, AK USA. EM thomas.a.douglas@usace.army.mil RI Simpson, William/I-2859-2014 OI Simpson, William/0000-0002-8596-7290 NR 50 TC 53 Z9 55 U1 3 U2 19 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD MAR 1 PY 2008 VL 42 IS 5 BP 1542 EP 1551 DI 10.1021/es070502d PG 10 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 267PK UT WOS:000253521300030 PM 18441801 ER PT J AU Cheuvront, SN Goodman, DA Kenefick, RW Montain, SJ Sawka, MN AF Cheuvront, Samuel N. Goodman, Daniel A. Kenefick, Robert W. Montain, Scott J. Sawka, Michael N. TI Impact of a protective vest and spacer garment on exercise-heat strain SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE body armor; spacer vest; passive cooling; heat stress ID PROLONGED EXERCISE; BODY; STRESS; TEMPERATURE; TOLERANCE; RESPONSES; WEIGHT AB Protective vests worn by global security personnel, and weighted vests worn by athletes, may increase physiological strain due to added load, increased clothing insulation and vapor resistance. The impact of protective vest clothing properties on physiological strain, and the potential of a spacer garment to reduce physiological strain, was examined. Eleven men performed 3 trials of intermittent treadmill walking over 4 h in a hot, dry environment (35 degrees C, 30% rh). Volunteers wore the US Army battledress uniform (trial B), B + protective vest (trial P), and B + P + spacer garment (trial S). Biophysical clothing properties were determined and found similar to many law enforcement, industry, and sports ensembles. Physiological measurements included core (T-c), mean skin (T-sk) and chest (T-chest) temperatures, heart rate (HR), and sweating rate (SR). The independent impact of clothing was determined by equating metabolic rate in all trials. In trial P, HR was +7 b/min higher after 1 h of exercise and +19 b/min by the fourth hour compared to B (P < 0.05). T-c (+0.30 degrees C), T (sk) (+1.0 degrees C) and Physiological Strain Index were all higher in P than B (P < 0.05). S did not abate these effects except to reduce T-sk (P > S) via a lower T-chest (-0.40 degrees C) (P < 0.05). SR was higher (P < 0.05) in P and S versus B, but the magnitude of differences was small. A protective vest increases physiological strain independent of added load, while a spacer garment does not alter this outcome. C1 [Cheuvront, Samuel N.; Goodman, Daniel A.; Kenefick, Robert W.; Sawka, Michael N.] USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Thermal & Mt Med Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. [Montain, Scott J.] USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Mil Nutr Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Cheuvront, SN (reprint author), USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Thermal & Mt Med Div, Kansas St, Natick, MA 01760 USA. EM samuel.cheuvront@na.amedd.army.mil NR 33 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1439-6319 J9 EUR J APPL PHYSIOL JI Eur. J. Appl. Physiol. PD MAR PY 2008 VL 102 IS 5 BP 577 EP 583 DI 10.1007/s00421-007-0632-3 PG 7 WC Physiology; Sport Sciences SC Physiology; Sport Sciences GA 253TK UT WOS:000252540300011 PM 18060557 ER PT J AU Niblock, T Laskowski, BC Howard, PL Ooi, TK AF Niblock, T. Laskowski, B. C. Howard, P. L. Ooi, T. K. TI Application of novel nanosensor technology to filament wound composite structures SO EXPERIMENTAL TECHNIQUES LA English DT Article C1 [Howard, P. L.] Paul L Howards Enterprises, Newmarket, Suffolk, England. [Niblock, T.; Laskowski, B. C.] Analatom Inc, Sunnyvale, CA USA. [Ooi, T. K.] USA, AMRDEC, Redstone Arsenal, AL USA. RP Niblock, T (reprint author), Analatom Inc, Sunnyvale, CA USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 4 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0732-8818 J9 EXP TECHNIQUES JI Exp. Tech. PD MAR-APR PY 2008 VL 32 IS 2 BP 23 EP 30 DI 10.1111/j.1747-1567.2007.00267.x PG 8 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics; Materials Science, Characterization & Testing SC Engineering; Mechanics; Materials Science GA 279VJ UT WOS:000254382900004 ER PT J AU Mohamadzadeh, M Duong, T Hoover, T Klaenhammer, TR AF Mohamadzadeh, Mansour Duong, Tri Hoover, Timothy Klaenhammer, Todd R. TI Targeting mucosal dendritic cells with microbial antigens from probiotic lactic acid bacteria SO EXPERT REVIEW OF VACCINES LA English DT Review ID RECOMBINANT LACTOCOCCUS-LACTIS; INTESTINAL EPITHELIAL-CELLS; NECROSIS-FACTOR-ALPHA; TOLL-LIKE RECEPTORS; T-CELLS; LACTOBACILLUS-CASEI; IMMUNE-RESPONSES; PEYERS-PATCHES; NEUTRALIZING ANTIBODIES; PROTECTIVE IMMUNITY C1 [Mohamadzadeh, Mansour; Hoover, Timothy] USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. [Mohamadzadeh, Mansour] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Baltimore, MD 21231 USA. [Duong, Tri; Klaenhammer, Todd R.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Food Bioproc & Nutr Sci, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Mohamadzadeh, M (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, 1425 Porter St, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. EM mansourzadeh@amedd.army.mil; tduong@unity.ncsu.edu; timothy.hoover@amedd.army.mil; klaenhammer@ncsu.edu RI Duong, Tri/B-5594-2012 OI Duong, Tri/0000-0002-4803-8564 FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI059590] NR 110 TC 37 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 3 PU EXPERT REVIEWS PI LONDON PA UNITEC HOUSE, 3RD FL, 2 ALBERT PLACE, FINCHLEY CENTRAL, LONDON N3 1QB, ENGLAND SN 1476-0584 J9 EXPERT REV VACCINES JI Expert Rev. Vaccines PD MAR PY 2008 VL 7 IS 2 BP 163 EP 174 DI 10.1586/14760584.7.2.163 PG 12 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA 289HO UT WOS:000255045800010 PM 18324887 ER PT J AU Coviello, LC Wascher, RA AF Coviello, Lisa C. Wascher, Robert A. TI Hereditary neoplasia syndromes and the role of the surgeon SO FAMILIAL CANCER LA English DT Article DE adenomaotus polyposis coli; attenuated familial adenomatous polyposis; cancer; familial adenomatous polyposis; hereditary; multiple endocrine neoplasia; surgery ID RET PROTOONCOGENE; COLORECTAL-CANCER; PHENOTYPE; MUTATION; TYPE-2 AB The complex and often variable clinical presentations of patients with hereditary neoplasia syndromes mandates a multidisciplinary approach to management. The involvement of surgeons in the assessment and management of these patients is essential, in that the majority of patients affected with hereditary neoplasms will, at some point, require resection of the target organs affected by specific gene mutations, with prophylactic or therapeutic intent, or both. As the pathogenesis of the known hereditary neoplasia syndromes becomes better understood at the molecular level, innovative targeted therapies will, inevitably, supplant or replace surgery as the primary treatment modality for these diseases. Until that time, however, surgeons will continue to play a prominent role in the care of patients with hereditary neoplasia syndromes. As is already occurring within many other clinical specialties, the incorporation of at least a basic understanding of the genetic mechanisms of disease transmission and expression are essential within the surgical specialties, as the two cases presented herein demonstrate. In this paper, we present two cases that illustrate many of the challenges inherent in the surgical management of patients with hereditary neoplasia syndromes: a patient with attenuated familial adenomatous polyposis syndrome, and a patient with multiple endocrine neoplasia syndrome, type 2-B. C1 [Wascher, Robert A.] Newark Beth Israel Med Ctr, Div Surg Oncol, Newark, NJ 07112 USA. [Coviello, Lisa C.] Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. RP Wascher, RA (reprint author), Newark Beth Israel Med Ctr, Div Surg Oncol, 201 Lyons Ave, Newark, NJ 07112 USA. EM rwascher@sbhcs.com NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 1389-9600 J9 FAM CANCER JI Fam. Cancer PD MAR PY 2008 VL 7 IS 1 BP 97 EP 102 DI 10.1007/s10689-007-9156-6 PG 6 WC Oncology; Genetics & Heredity SC Oncology; Genetics & Heredity GA 267RR UT WOS:000253527400013 PM 17647094 ER PT J AU Toghiani, RK Toghiani, H Maloney, SW Boddu, VM AF Toghiani, Rebecca K. Toghiani, Hossein Maloney, Stephen W. Boddu, Veera M. TI Prediction of physicochemical properties of energetic materials SO FLUID PHASE EQUILIBRIA LA English DT Article DE energetic materials; physicochemical; chemical structure; QSPR/QSAR; COSMO-RS ID WATER PARTITION-COEFFICIENTS; SOIL SORPTION COEFFICIENTS; AQUEOUS SOLUBILITY; ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS; COSMO-RS; TEMPERATURE; DENSITIES; SOLVENTS; LIQUIDS; POINTS AB An assessment of environmental impacts of new munitions is an important step for maintaining mission readiness in the Army industrial base. During production, waste streams generated may contain small amounts of the energetic material. Knowing how this material may partition in the environment is beneficial to development of waste treatment technologies. Physicochemical parameters define how this partitioning will occur. While these parameters can be experimentally determined once suitable amounts of the energetic material are available for testing, the ability to predict these important properties using the structure of the energetic material will provide a means for assessing their environmental impact during the preliminary development stage. In this work, the chemical structures of six energetic materials are used to estimate their physicochemical parameters. These energetic materials have been identified by researchers at CERL as materials under consideration as energetics in short-term development or longer-term development, and include dinitroanisole (DNAN), n-methyl-p-nitroaniline (MNA), nitro-triazolene (NTO), triaminotrinitrobenzene (TATB), dinitro pyrazole (DNP) and m-trinitro imidazole (MTNI). (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Maloney, Stephen W.; Boddu, Veera M.] USA, Corp Engineers, Engn Res & Dev Ctr, Construct Engn Res Lab,Environm Proc Branch, Champaign, IL 61826 USA. [Toghiani, Rebecca K.; Toghiani, Hossein] Mississippi State Univ, Dave C Swalm Sch Chem Engn, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. RP Toghiani, RK (reprint author), POB 9595, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. EM Rebecca@che.msstate.edu NR 44 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 2 U2 27 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-3812 J9 FLUID PHASE EQUILIBR JI Fluid Phase Equilib. PD MAR 1 PY 2008 VL 264 IS 1-2 BP 86 EP 92 DI 10.1016/j.fluid.2007.10.018 PG 7 WC Thermodynamics; Chemistry, Physical; Engineering, Chemical SC Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Engineering GA 269SJ UT WOS:000253670200010 ER PT J AU Lee, IC Ubanylonwu, HC AF Lee, I. C. Ubanylonwu, H. C. TI Determination of sulfur contaminants in military jet fuels SO FUEL LA English DT Article DE sulfur; jet fuel; JP-8 ID CHEMILUMINESCENCE DETECTION; GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHY; SURROGATE MIXTURES; DIESEL FUEL; OXIDATION; COMPONENTS; KEROSENE; JP-8; HYDROCARBONS; COMBUSTION AB Military jet fuel samples have been characterized by gas chromatography with a sulfur chemiluminescence detector and a mass spectrometer (GC-SCD-MS). Sixteen distinct organosulfur compounds were quantified in the jet fuel samples. The structures and the concentrations for seven of them are determined in this study. Although the total sulfur content of jet fuel varies from sample to sample, the individual organosulfur distribution remains unchanged for six jet fuel samples obtained over a 4-year period. The two major sulfur compounds are determined to be 2,3-dimethylbenzothiophene and 2,3,7-trimethylbenzothiophene. These two major compounds are determined to be good representative compounds in jet fuel surrogates for computational studies of jet fuel catalysis such as JP-8 reformation. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Lee, I. C.] USA, Res Lab, Sensors & Elect Devices Directorate, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. [Ubanylonwu, H. C.] Texas So Univ, Dept Chem, Houston, TX 77004 USA. RP Lee, IC (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Sensors & Elect Devices Directorate, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM ilee@arl.army.mil RI Lee, Ivan/H-6444-2011 NR 19 TC 26 Z9 28 U1 1 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0016-2361 J9 FUEL JI Fuel PD MAR PY 2008 VL 87 IS 3 BP 312 EP 318 DI 10.1016/j.fuel.2007.05.010 PG 7 WC Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Chemical SC Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 259CT UT WOS:000252917400006 ER PT J AU Cole, DM Peters, JF AF Cole, David M. Peters, John F. TI Grain-scale mechanics of geologic materials and lunar simulants under normal loading SO GRANULAR MATTER LA English DT Article DE contact mechanics; geologic materials; friction; damage; experiments ID SURFACES; CONTACT AB A realistic characterization of contact behavior is crucially important to the development of discrete element models of naturally occurring granular media. Although contact behavior can be inferred by adjusting the numerical simulations to agree with results from geotechnical laboratory tests, it is preferable to establish the contact laws directly with grain-scale experiments. Moreover, such an approach provides an objective way to establish the influence of characteristics such as mineralogy, microstructure, hardness, grain size, shape and surface roughness on contact behavior, and thus opens the door to a more fundamental understanding of granular media mechanics. With this motivation, we are conducting an integrated experimental/DEM modeling program with a focus on naturally occurring geologic materials. The goals of this work are to improve the physical basis of this powerful numerical modeling method, and to develop a broader understanding of the contact behavior of naturally occurring materials of interest to the geotechnical engineering community. This paper describes equipment and methods that we have developed to conduct normal contact experiments on pairs of unbonded grains of crushed and ball-milled gneiss, Ottawa sand, and lunar simulants. Contact curvatures ranged from 0.05 to 8.2 mm for the grains examined. The computer-controlled testing system applied normal forces ranging up to 10 N, and both monotonically increasing (ramp) and cyclic loading waveforms were employed. A laser proximity gauge with 100 mu m resolution provided direct grain-to-grain deformation readings. The resulting force-displacement relationships showed that Hertzian behavior emerged above a normal force threshold ranging from several tenths of a Newton to several Newtons, depending on surface roughness, and approximately linear behavior was observed below the threshold for Hertzian behavior. Normal contact stiffness ranged from 0.2 to over 2 MN m(-1) for forces up to 10 N, and depended on material type, local radius of curvature and surface roughness. Hysteresis was generally observed under cyclic loading and calculated values of the apparent internal friction ranged from 0.01 to 0.16, depending on material type, contact geometry and force level. The test system was capable of inducing damage in some contacts with a low radius of curvature, and it was observed that minor levels of damage typically increased stiffness and frictional loss of the contact. C1 [Cole, David M.] USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. [Peters, John F.] Geotech & Struct Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Cole, DM (reprint author), USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, 72 Lyme Rd, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. EM David.M.Cole@erdc.usace.army.mil NR 14 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 11 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1434-7636 J9 GRANUL MATTER JI Granul. Matter PD MAR PY 2008 VL 10 IS 3 BP 171 EP 185 DI 10.1007/s10035-007-0066-y PG 15 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Mechanics; Physics GA 268HQ UT WOS:000253571300003 ER PT J AU Allard, J Risinger, JI Day, R Chandran, U Litzi, T Rose, G Berchuck, A Maxwell, G AF Allard, J. Risinger, J. I. Day, R. Chandran, U. Litzi, T. Rose, G. Berchuck, A. Maxwell, G. TI Microarray analysis of microdissected stage I endometrial cancers reveals gene expression patterns associated with inflammation SO GYNECOLOGIC ONCOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Allard, J.; Litzi, T.; Rose, G.; Maxwell, G.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Risinger, J. I.] Mem Healthcare Med Ctr, Anderson Canc Inst, Savannah, GA USA. [Day, R.; Chandran, U.] Univ Pittsburgh, Inst Canc, Pittsburgh, PA USA. [Berchuck, A.] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Durham, NC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0090-8258 J9 GYNECOL ONCOL JI Gynecol. Oncol. PD MAR PY 2008 VL 108 IS 3 SU 1 MA 180 BP S80 EP S81 PG 2 WC Oncology; Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Oncology; Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 271XO UT WOS:000253822200182 ER PT J AU Farley, JH Tian, C Rose, GS Brown, CL Birrer, M Thigpen, JT Fleming, GF Gallion, HH Maxwell, GL AF Farley, J. H. Tian, C. Rose, G. S. Brown, C. L. Birrer, M. Thigpen, J. T. Fleming, G. F. Gallion, H. H. Maxwell, G. L. TI Chemotherapy intensity and toxicity among black and white women with advanced and recurrent endometrial cancer: Experience from Gynecologic Oncology Group clinical trials SO GYNECOLOGIC ONCOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Farley, J. H.] Uninformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD USA. [Tian, C.] GOG Stat & Data Ctr, Buffalo, NY USA. [Rose, G. S.; Maxwell, G. L.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Brown, C. L.] Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr, New York, NY 10021 USA. [Birrer, M.] NCI Ctr Canc Res, Bethesda, MD USA. [Thigpen, J. T.] Univ Mississippi, Jackson, MS 39216 USA. [Fleming, G. F.] Univ Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Gallion, H. H.] Magee Womens Hosp, Pittsburgh, PA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0090-8258 J9 GYNECOL ONCOL JI Gynecol. Oncol. PD MAR PY 2008 VL 108 IS 3 SU 1 MA 40 BP S19 EP S19 PG 1 WC Oncology; Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Oncology; Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 271XO UT WOS:000253822200042 ER PT J AU Krivak, TC Tian, C Arrnstrong, D Rose, GS Maxwell, GL AF Krivak, T. C. Tian, C. Arrnstrong, D. Rose, G. S. Maxwell, G. L. TI A comparison of serum CA125 antigen normalization patterns in patients with optimal stage III ovarian carcinoma treated with intraperitoneal versus intravenous cisplatin/paclitaxel: A Gynecologic Oncology Group study SO GYNECOLOGIC ONCOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Krivak, T. C.] Magee Womens Hosp, Pittsburgh, PA USA. [Tian, C.] GOG Stat & Data Ctr, Roswell Pk Canc Inst, Buffalo, NY USA. [Arrnstrong, D.] Johns Hopkins Kimmel Canc Ctr, Baltimore, MD USA. [Rose, G. S.; Maxwell, G. L.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0090-8258 J9 GYNECOL ONCOL JI Gynecol. Oncol. PD MAR PY 2008 VL 108 IS 3 SU 1 MA 23 BP S11 EP S12 PG 2 WC Oncology; Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Oncology; Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 271XO UT WOS:000253822200025 ER PT J AU Lokshin, AE Yurkovetsky, Z Bast, R Lomakin, A Maxwel, GL Godwin, AK AF Lokshin, A. E. Yurkovetsky, Z. Bast, R. Lomakin, A. Maxwel, G. L. Godwin, A. K. TI Serum multimarker assay for early diagnosis of ovarian cancer SO GYNECOLOGIC ONCOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Lokshin, A. E.; Yurkovetsky, Z.] Univ Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. [Bast, R.] Univ Texas MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Houston, TX USA. [Lomakin, A.] MIT, Boston, MA USA. [Maxwel, G. L.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC USA. [Godwin, A. K.] Fox Chase Canc Ctr, Philadelphia, PA USA. RI Bast, Robert/E-6585-2011 OI Bast, Robert/0000-0003-4621-8462 NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0090-8258 J9 GYNECOL ONCOL JI Gynecol. Oncol. PD MAR PY 2008 VL 108 IS 3 SU 1 BP S113 EP S114 PG 2 WC Oncology; Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Oncology; Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 271XO UT WOS:000253822200259 ER PT J AU Maxwell, G Tian, C Risinger, JI Hamilton, C Farley, J Barakat, RR AF Maxwell, G. Tian, C. Risinger, J. I. Hamilton, C. Farley, J. Barakat, R. R. TI Racial disparities in recurrence among patients with early-stage endometrial cancer: A Gynecologic Oncology Group study SO GYNECOLOGIC ONCOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Maxwell, G.; Hamilton, C.; Farley, J.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC USA. [Tian, C.] GOG Stat & Data Ctr, Roswell Pk Canc Inst, Buffalo, NY USA. [Risinger, J. I.] Mem Healthcare Med Ctr, Anderson Canc Inst, Savannah, GA USA. [Barakat, R. R.] Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr, New York, NY USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0090-8258 J9 GYNECOL ONCOL JI Gynecol. Oncol. PD MAR PY 2008 VL 108 IS 3 SU 1 MA 66 BP S30 EP S31 PG 2 WC Oncology; Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Oncology; Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 271XO UT WOS:000253822200068 ER PT J AU Risinger, JI Allard, J Day, R Chandran, U Litzi, T Rose, G Berchuck, A Maxwell, G AF Risinger, J. I. Allard, J. Day, R. Chandran, U. Litzi, T. Rose, G. Berchuck, A. Maxwell, G. TI Gene expression analysis of stage I serous and endornetrioid endometrial cancers SO GYNECOLOGIC ONCOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Risinger, J. I.] Mem Healthcare Med Ctr, Anderson Canc Inst, Savannah, GA USA. [Allard, J.; Litzi, T.; Rose, G.; Maxwell, G.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Day, R.; Chandran, U.] Univ Pittsburgh, Inst Canc, Pittsburgh, PA USA. [Berchuck, A.] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Durham, NC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0090-8258 J9 GYNECOL ONCOL JI Gynecol. Oncol. PD MAR PY 2008 VL 108 IS 3 SU 1 MA 170 BP S76 EP S76 PG 1 WC Oncology; Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Oncology; Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 271XO UT WOS:000253822200172 ER PT J AU Stany, MP Ozbun, L Bonome, T Rose, GS Mok, S Birrer, MJ AF Stany, M. P. Ozbun, L. Bonome, T. Rose, G. S. Mok, S. Birrer, M. J. TI Expression profiling of microdissected clear cell ovarian cancers identifies pathways of therapeutic importance SO GYNECOLOGIC ONCOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Stany, M. P.; Rose, G. S.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC USA. [Ozbun, L.; Bonome, T.; Birrer, M. J.] Natl Canc Inst, Bethesda, MD USA. [Mok, S.] Brigham & Womens Hosp, Boston, MA 02115 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0090-8258 J9 GYNECOL ONCOL JI Gynecol. Oncol. PD MAR PY 2008 VL 108 IS 3 SU 1 MA 274 BP S121 EP S121 PG 1 WC Oncology; Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Oncology; Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 271XO UT WOS:000253822200276 ER PT J AU Yurkovetsky, Z Maxwell, GL Lokshin, AE AF Yurkovetsky, Z. Maxwell, G. L. Lokshin, A. E. TI Serum multimarker assay for early diagnosis of endometrial cancer SO GYNECOLOGIC ONCOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Yurkovetsky, Z.; Lokshin, A. E.] Univ Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA USA. [Maxwell, G. L.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0090-8258 J9 GYNECOL ONCOL JI Gynecol. Oncol. PD MAR PY 2008 VL 108 IS 3 SU 1 MA 6 BP S4 EP S5 PG 2 WC Oncology; Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Oncology; Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 271XO UT WOS:000253822200008 ER PT J AU Yu, M Malvankar, A Su, W AF Yu, Ming Malvankar, Aniket Su, Wei TI A distributed radio channel allocation scheme for WLANs with multiple data rates SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Parallel and Distributed Processing Techniques and Applications CY JUN 27-30, 2005 CL Las Vegas, NV DE wireless LAN; MAC; radio channel allocation ID IEEE-802.11 PROTOCOL; BACKOFF MECHANISM AB For IEEE 802.11 wireless LANs (WLAN) with multiple access points (AP), it is critical to allocate the limited number of radio channels dynamically and efficiently. In this paper, we present a new radio channel allocation (RCA) scheme for WLANs with multiple data rates. First, we propose a new algorithm to dynamically estimate the number of active stations by using the least square estimator (LSE), which is unbiased and has minimum variance. Second, we derive an expression to evaluate the impact of the co-channel stations of an AP on the channel utilization of the AP based on the number of equivalent co-channel stations, which is the difference between the numbers of stations that are sensed by and associated with the AP. Third, we develop a new distributed RCA (DRCA) that considers the changing number of active stations, the impact of co-channel interference (CCI), and different traffic demands for different APs, which have not been considered by the existing RCA schemes. Simulation results have demonstrated that DRCA quickly finds optimal or suboptimal channel assignments and improves overall channel utilization for about 15 similar to 50% for different AP layouts, as compared to the existing schemes. C1 [Yu, Ming; Malvankar, Aniket] Florida State Univ, Florida A&M Univ, Coll Engn, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Tallahassee, FL 32310 USA. [Su, Wei] USA, RDECOM, Ft Monmouth, NJ USA. RP Yu, M (reprint author), Florida State Univ, Florida A&M Univ, Coll Engn, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Tallahassee, FL 32310 USA. EM mingyu@eng.fsu.edu; malvaan@eng.fsu.edu; wei.su@us.army.mil NR 17 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0090-6778 J9 IEEE T COMMUN JI IEEE Trans. Commun. PD MAR PY 2008 VL 56 IS 3 BP 454 EP 465 DI 10.1109/TCOMM.2008.050396 PG 12 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA 272PY UT WOS:000253873100019 ER PT J AU Teitelbaum, ME Yarlagadda, S O'Brien, DJ Wetzel, ED Goossen, KW AF Teitelbaum, Michael E. Yarlagadda, Shridhar O'Brien, Daniel J. Wetzel, Eric D. Goossen, Keith W. TI Normal incidence free space optical data porting to embedded communication links SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON COMPONENTS AND PACKAGING TECHNOLOGIES LA English DT Article DE embedded optical fiber composites; impregnated dye fiber; optical communication busses; optical telemetry; optical transceiver ID FIBER; MICROSENSORS; LENSES AB In this paper, various techniques for normal incidence, free-space optical data porting to embedded data busses are presented. In the first approach, externally powered optical transmitter and receiver devices are coupled to an embedded electrical bus. This embedded link proves to be reliable through environmental and mechanical testing, and demonstrates data transmission up to 10 kHz. A self-powered transceiver is then fabricated and coupled to an optical fiber, showing data transmission up to 1 MHz. Finally, a self-powered bus using a dye-impregnated optical fiber is demonstrated to operate at speeds greater than 15 MHz. All methods explored overcome many of the problems associated with traditional physical connectorization, and are suitable for normal incidence remote querying of embedded passive elements, active devices, sensors, or networks. C1 [Teitelbaum, Michael E.; Yarlagadda, Shridhar; Goossen, Keith W.] Univ Delaware, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Ctr Composite Mat, Newark, DE 19716 USA. [O'Brien, Daniel J.; Wetzel, Eric D.] USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen, MD 21005 USA. RP Teitelbaum, ME (reprint author), Univ Delaware, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Ctr Composite Mat, Newark, DE 19716 USA. EM mt@udel.edu NR 14 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 1521-3331 J9 IEEE T COMPON PACK T JI IEEE Trans. Compon. Packaging Technol. PD MAR PY 2008 VL 31 IS 1 BP 32 EP 38 DI 10.1109/TCAPT.2007.906292 PG 7 WC Engineering, Manufacturing; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Materials Science GA 270PZ UT WOS:000253734000004 ER PT J AU Yu, PL Baras, JS Sadler, BM AF Yu, Paul L. Baras, John S. Sadler, Brian M. TI Physical-layer authentication SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INFORMATION FORENSICS AND SECURITY LA English DT Article DE authentication; modulation; superimposed signaling; watermarking ID INFORMATION AB Authentication is the process where claims of identity are verified. Most mechanisms of authentication (e.g., digital signatures and certificates) exist above the physical layer, though some (e.g., spread-spectrum communications) exist at the physical layer often with an additional cost in bandwidth. This paper introduces a general analysis and design framework for authentication at the physical layer where the authentication information is transmitted concurrently with the data. By superimposing a carefully designed secret modulation on the waveforms, authentication is added to the signal without requiring additional bandwidth, as do spread-spectrum methods. The authentication is designed to be stealthy to the uninformed user, robust to interference, and secure for identity verification. The tradeoffs between these three goals are identified and analyzed in block fading channels. The use of the authentication for channel estimation is also considered, and an improved bit-error rate is demonstrated for time-varying channels. Finally, simulation results are given that demonstrate the potential application of this authentication technique. C1 [Yu, Paul L.; Baras, John S.] Univ Maryland, Syst Res Inst, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Sadler, Brian M.] USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Yu, PL (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Syst Res Inst, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM paulyu@isr.umd.edu; baras@isr.umd.edu; bsadler@arl.army.mil NR 19 TC 62 Z9 63 U1 1 U2 7 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1556-6013 EI 1556-6021 J9 IEEE T INF FOREN SEC JI IEEE Trans. Inf. Forensic Secur. PD MAR PY 2008 VL 3 IS 1 BP 38 EP 51 DI 10.1109/TIFS.2007.916273 PG 14 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA 270PT UT WOS:000253733400004 ER PT J AU Hall, JB Mosleh, A AF Hall, J. Brian Mosleh, Ali TI A reliability growth projection model for one-shot systems SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON RELIABILITY LA English DT Article DE one-shot system; projection; reliability growth AB This paper offers several contributions to the area of discrete reliability growth projection. We present a new, logically derived model for estimating the reliability growth of complex, one-shot systems (i.e., the reliability following implementation of corrective actions to known failure modes). Multiple statistical estimation procedures are utilized to approximate this exact expression. A new estimation method is derived to approximate the vector of failure probabilities associated with a complex, one-shot system. A mathematically-convenient functional form for the s-expected initial reliability of a one-shot system is derived. Monte-Carlo simulation results are presented to highlight model accuracy with respect to resulting estimates of reliability growth. This model is useful to program managers, and reliability practitioners who wish to assess one-shot system reliability growth. C1 [Hall, J. Brian] USA, Evaluat Ctr, Reliab & Maintainabil Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. [Mosleh, Ali] Univ Maryland, Dept Mech Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Hall, JB (reprint author), USA, Evaluat Ctr, Reliab & Maintainabil Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. EM brian.hall@us.army.mil; mosleh@umd.edu NR 18 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0018-9529 J9 IEEE T RELIAB JI IEEE Trans. Reliab. PD MAR PY 2008 VL 57 IS 1 BP 174 EP 181 DI 10.1109/TR.2007.909774 PG 8 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA 272DX UT WOS:000253840700020 ER PT J AU Moore, TJ Sadler, BM Kozick, RJ AF Moore, Terrence J. Sadler, Brian M. Kozick, Richard J. TI Maximum-likelihood estimation, the Cramer-Rao bound, and the method of scoring with, parameter constraints SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SIGNAL PROCESSING LA English DT Article DE asymptotic normality; Cramer-Rao bound; iterative methods; maximum-likelihood (ML); method of scoring; optimization; parameter estimation; parametric constraints ID IDENTIFIABILITY; ALGORITHMS; REGULARITY; MODEL AB Maximum-likelihood (ML) estimation is a popular approach to solving many signal processing problems. Many of these problems cannot be solved analytically and so numerical techniques such as the method of scoring are applied. However, in many scenarios, it is desirable to modify the ML problem with the inclusion of additional side information. Often this side information is in the form of parametric constraints, which the ML estimate (MLE) must now satisfy. We unify the asymptotic constrained ML (CML) theory with the constrained Cramer-Rao bound (CCRB) theory by showing the CML estimate (CMLE) is asymptotically efficient with respect to the CCRB., We also generalize the classical method of scoring using the CCRB to include the constraints, satisfying the constraints after each iterate. Convergence properties and examples verify the usefulness of the constrained scoring approach. As a particular example, an alternative and more general CMLE is developed for the complex parameter linear model with linear constraints. A novel proof of the efficiency of this estimator is provided using the CCRB. C1 [Moore, Terrence J.; Sadler, Brian M.] USA, Res Lab, AMSRD ARL CI CN, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. [Kozick, Richard J.] Bucknell Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Lewisburg, PA 17837 USA. RP Moore, TJ (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, AMSRD ARL CI CN, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM tmoore@arl.army.mil; bsadler@arl.army.mil; kozick@bucknell.edu NR 33 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 7 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 1053-587X J9 IEEE T SIGNAL PROCES JI IEEE Trans. Signal Process. PD MAR PY 2008 VL 56 IS 3 BP 895 EP 908 DI 10.1109/TSP.2007.907814 PG 14 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA 265KS UT WOS:000253358400003 ER PT J AU Widder, M Brennan, L Shedd, T Trader, D van der Schalie, W Salazar, N Lerner, E Iuga, A AF Widder, Mark Brennan, Linda Shedd, Tommy Trader, David van der Schalie, William Salazar, Noe Lerner, Ethan Iuga, Aurel TI Unique cell characteristics for the development of a portable cell-based toxicity sensor for drinking water protection SO IN VITRO CELLULAR & DEVELOPMENTAL BIOLOGY-ANIMAL LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Widder, Mark; Brennan, Linda; Shedd, Tommy; Trader, David; van der Schalie, William] USA, Ctr Environm Hlth Res, Ft Detrick, MD USA. [Salazar, Noe] Agave Biosyst, Austin, TX USA. [Lerner, Ethan; Iuga, Aurel] Harvard Univ, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. EM mark.widder@us.army.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1071-2690 J9 IN VITRO CELL DEV-AN JI In Vitro Cell. Dev. Biol.-Anim. PD SPR PY 2008 VL 44 SU S BP S17 EP S17 PG 1 WC Cell Biology; Developmental Biology SC Cell Biology; Developmental Biology GA 338XL UT WOS:000258542600046 ER PT J AU Bartone, PT Roland, RR Picano, JJ Williams, T AF Bartone, Paul T. Roland, Robert R. Picano, James J. Williams, Thomas. TI Psychological hardiness predicts success in US Army Special Forces candidates SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SELECTION AND ASSESSMENT LA English DT Article ID HEALTH AB Military 'Special Forces' represent a high-reliability occupation, where stress levels are often intense and failure can be costly. Selection for such jobs should pay careful attention to psychological factors associated with resiliency under stress. In the present study, US Army Special Forces candidates (N=1138) were assessed for psychological hardiness using a short form of the Dispositional Resilience Scale, and these scores were then applied to predict successful completion of the course. Independent sample t-tests and logistic regression analyses confirmed that Special Forces course graduates are significantly higher in psychological hardiness, as compared to non-graduates. Psychological hardiness appears to be an important individual characteristic associated with stress tolerance and successful performance in highly demanding occupations. C1 Natl Def Univ, Ctr Technol & Natl Secur Policy, Washington, DC 20319 USA. [Roland, Robert R.; Williams, Thomas.] US Army War Coll, US Army Phys Fitness Res Inst, Carlisle, PA USA. [Picano, James J.] United States Army Reserve, Joint Exercise Deployment Detachment, Alexandria, VA USA. RP Bartone, PT (reprint author), Natl Def Univ, Ctr Technol & Natl Secur Policy, Washington, DC 20319 USA. EM bartonep@ndu.edu OI Bartone, Paul/0000-0002-5767-0086 NR 18 TC 51 Z9 52 U1 0 U2 12 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0965-075X J9 INT J SELECT ASSESS JI Int. J. Sel. Assess. PD MAR PY 2008 VL 16 IS 1 BP 78 EP 81 DI 10.1111/j.1468-2389.2008.00412.x PG 4 WC Psychology, Applied; Management SC Psychology; Business & Economics GA 265TA UT WOS:000253382600009 ER PT J AU Nikishin, SA Borisov, BA Kuryatkov, VV Holtz, M Garrett, GA Sarney, WL Sampath, AV Shen, H Wraback, M AF Nikishin, Sergey A. Borisov, Boris A. Kuryatkov, Vladimir V. Holtz, Mark Garrett, Gregory A. Sarney, Wendy L. Sampath, Anand V. Shen, Hongen Wraback, Michael TI Correlations between the growth modes and luminescence properties of AlGaN quantum structures SO JAPANESE JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE gas source molecular beam epitaxy; superlattice; AlGaN quantum dots ID LIGHT-EMITTING-DIODES; DOTS AB AlGaN-based quantum structures were grown using gas-source molecular beam epitaxy with ammonia. Quantum structures are formed in the wells of Al(0.4)Ga(0.6)N/Al(0.55)Ga(0.45)N superlattices, as confirmed by transmission electron microscopy. Optical properties are investigated using cathodoluminescence and time-resolved photolumninescence. We obtain similar to 60 fold intensity enhancement over two-dimensional growth. For conditions corresponding to deposition of similar to 10 monolayers of well material, we obtain narrow emission at 280 nm and long similar to 320 ps photoluminescence decay time. C1 [Nikishin, Sergey A.; Borisov, Boris A.; Kuryatkov, Vladimir V.; Holtz, Mark] Texas Tech Univ, Nano Tech Ctr, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. [Garrett, Gregory A.; Sarney, Wendy L.; Sampath, Anand V.; Shen, Hongen; Wraback, Michael] USA, Res Lab, AMSRD ARL SE EM, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Nikishin, SA (reprint author), Texas Tech Univ, Nano Tech Ctr, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. EM sergey.a.nikishin@ttu.edu NR 20 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 2 U2 6 PU JAPAN SOC APPLIED PHYSICS PI TOKYO PA KUDAN-KITA BUILDING 5TH FLOOR, 1-12-3 KUDAN-KITA, CHIYODA-KU, TOKYO, 102-0073, JAPAN SN 0021-4922 J9 JPN J APPL PHYS JI Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. PD MAR PY 2008 VL 47 IS 3 BP 1556 EP 1558 DI 10.1143/JJAP.47.1556 PN 1 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 288XS UT WOS:000255020100024 ER PT J AU Guo, ZJ Tsai, MH Shiao, YH Chen, LH Wei, ML Lv, X Gius, D Little, JB Mitchell, JB Chuang, EY AF Guo, Zhanjun Tsai, Mong-Hsun Shiao, Yih-Horng Chen, Li-Han Wei, Mei-Ling Lv, Xing Gius, David Little, John B. Mitchell, James B. Chuang, Eric Y. TI DNA (cytosine-5)-methyltransferase 1 as a mediator of mutant p53-determined p16(ink4A) down-regulation SO JOURNAL OF BIOMEDICAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE DNMT1; p53; Small interfering RNA; Chromatin immunoprecipitation; Methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction ID P53; METHYLTRANSFERASE; METHYLATION; CELLS; EXPRESSION; BINDING; MUTATIONS; COMPLEX; CANCER AB In cancer, gene silencing via hypermethylation is as common as genetic mutations in p53. Understanding the relationship between mutant p53 and hypermethylation of other tumor suppressor genes is essential when elucidate mechanisms of tumor development. In this study, two isogenic human B lymphoblast cell lines with different p53 status include TK6 containing wild-type p53 and WTK1 with mutant p53 were used and contrasted. Lower levels of p16(ink4A) protein were detected in WTK1 cells than in TK6 cells, which were accompanied by increased DNA (cytosine-5)-methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) gene expression as well as hypermethylation of the p16(ink4A) promoter. siRNA experiments to transiently knock down wild-type p53 in TK6 cells resulted in increase of DNMT1 expression as well as decrease of p16(ink4A) protein. Conversely, siRNA knockdown of mutant p53 in WTK1 cells did not alter either DNMT1 or p16(ink4A) protein levels. Furthermore, loss of suppression function of mutant p53 to DNMT1 in WTK1 was caused by the attenuation of its binding ability to the DNMT1 promoter. In summary, we provide evidences to elucidate the relationship between mutant p53 and DNMT1. Our results indicate that mutant p53 loses its ability to suppress DNMT1 expression, and thus enhances methylation levels of the p16(ink4A) promoter and subsequently down-regulates p16(ink4A) protein. C1 [Chen, Li-Han; Chuang, Eric Y.] Natl Taiwan Univ, Grad Inst Biomed Elect & Bioinformat, Taipei 10764, Taiwan. [Guo, Zhanjun; Tsai, Mong-Hsun; Lv, Xing; Gius, David; Mitchell, James B.; Chuang, Eric Y.] NCI, Radiat Biol & Oncol Branches, Ctr Canc Res, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Guo, Zhanjun] Hebei Med Univ, Hosp 4, Dept Gastroenterol & Hepatol, Shijiazhuang, Peoples R China. [Tsai, Mong-Hsun] Natl Taiwan Univ, Inst Biotechnol, Coll Bioesources & Agr, Taipei 10764, Taiwan. [Shiao, Yih-Horng] NCI, Comparat Carcinogenesis Lab, NIH, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. [Chen, Li-Han; Chuang, Eric Y.] Natl Taiwan Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Grad Inst Epidemiol, Taipei 10764, Taiwan. [Chen, Li-Han; Chuang, Eric Y.] Natl Taiwan Univ, Dept Life Sci, Grad Inst Epidemiol, Taipei 10764, Taiwan. [Chen, Li-Han; Chuang, Eric Y.] Natl Taiwan Univ, Res Ctr Med Excellence, Taipei 10764, Taiwan. [Wei, Mei-Ling] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Neurosci, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. [Mitchell, James B.] Harvard Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Genet & Complex Dis, Boston, MA 02115 USA. RP Chuang, EY (reprint author), Natl Taiwan Univ, Grad Inst Biomed Elect & Bioinformat, 1 Sect,4Roosevelt Rd, Taipei 10764, Taiwan. EM chuangey@ntu.edu.tw FU Intramural NIH HHS NR 19 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 1 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1021-7770 EI 1423-0127 J9 J BIOMED SCI JI J. Biomed. Sci. PD MAR PY 2008 VL 15 IS 2 BP 163 EP 168 DI 10.1007/s11373-007-9222-y PG 6 WC Cell Biology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Cell Biology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 267RV UT WOS:000253527800003 PM 18038118 ER PT J AU Wu, X Baer, LA Walters, TJ Wade, CE Silliman, DT Wolf, SE AF Wu, X. Baer, L. A. Walters, T. J. Wade, C. E. Silliman, D. T. Wolf, S. E. TI Proceedings of the American burn association - 40th Annual meeting - April 29-May 2, 2008, Chicago, IL, USA SO JOURNAL OF BURN CARE & RESEARCH LA English DT Article C1 [Wu, X.; Baer, L. A.; Walters, T. J.; Wade, C. E.; Silliman, D. T.; Wolf, S. E.] USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Wu, X (reprint author), USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1559-047X J9 J BURN CARE RES JI J. Burn Care Res. PD MAR PY 2008 VL 29 IS 2 SU S BP S44 EP S169 PG 126 WC Emergency Medicine; Dermatology; Surgery SC Emergency Medicine; Dermatology; Surgery GA 283CN UT WOS:000254614300001 ER PT J AU Hien, BTT Scheutz, F Cam, PD Serichantalergs, O Huong, TT Thu, TM Dalsgaard, A AF Hien, Bui Thi Thu Scheutz, Flemming Cam, Phung Dac Serichantalergs, Oralak Huong, Tran Thu Thu, Tran Minh Dalsgaard, Anders TI Diarrheagenic Escherichia coli and Shigella strains isolated from children in a hospital case-control study in Hanoi, Vietnam SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HEAT-STABLE ENTEROTOXIN; INFANTILE DIARRHEA; YOUNG-CHILDREN; DNA HYBRIDIZATION; EFFACING LESIONS; ADHERENCE FACTOR; HIGH PREVALENCE; EPEC; OUTBREAK; INFECTIONS AB This case-control study detected and characterized Shigella and diarrheagenic Escherichia coli (DEC) types among Vietnamese children less than 5 years old. In 249 children with diarrhea and 124 controls, Shigella spp. was an important cause of diarrhea (P < 0.05). We used multiplex PCR and DNA probes to detect enteroinvasive E. coli (EIEC), enteroaggregative E. coli (EAggEC), enteropathogenic E. coli (EPEC), attaching and effacing E. coli (A/EEC), verocytotoxin-producing E. coli (VTEC), and enterotoxigenic E. coli (ETEC). The prevalences of DEC in the diarrhea and control groups were 25.7 and 10.5%, respectively. In 62 children with diarrhea, 64 DEC strains included 22 EAggEC (8.8%), 2 EIEC (0.8%), 23 A/EEC (9.2%), 7 EPEC (2.8%), and 10 ETEC strains (4.0%). Among controls, 13 DEC strains included 5 EAggEC strains (4.0%), 7 A/EEC strains (5.6%), and 1 EPEC strain. The characterization of DEC by serotypes, antimicrobial susceptibility patterns, virulence genes, and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis showed the occurrence of many different and highly heterogenic DEC subtypes, but common serotypes were found among ETEC, EIEC and EPEC, respectively. Serotyping was used to distinguish between A/EEC and EPEC. However, A/EEC, EPEC, and EAggEC were isolated at high frequency from both cases and controls. Further in-depth studies are needed to better understand important virulence factors of DEC, especially A/EEC, EPEC, and EAggEC. C1 [Hien, Bui Thi Thu; Cam, Phung Dac; Huong, Tran Thu; Thu, Tran Minh] Natl Inst Hyg & Epidemiol, Dept Microbiol, Hanoi, Vietnam. [Scheutz, Flemming] Statens Serum Inst, WHO, Int Escherichia & Klebsiella Ctr, Dept Bacteriol Mycol & Parasitol, DK-2300 Copenhagen, Denmark. [Hien, Bui Thi Thu; Dalsgaard, Anders] Univ Copenhagen, Fac Life Sci, Dept Vet Pathobiol, Frederiksberg, Denmark. [Serichantalergs, Oralak] Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Dept Enter Pathogens, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. RP Hien, BTT (reprint author), US Embassy Hanoi, CDC, Dept Microbiol, Rose Garden Bldg,170 Ngoc Khanh St, Hanoi, Vietnam. EM hien.nihe@gmail.com OI Scheutz, Flemming/0000-0002-3931-4846 NR 72 TC 33 Z9 34 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD MAR PY 2008 VL 46 IS 3 BP 996 EP 1004 DI 10.1128/JCM.01219-07 PG 9 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 275GL UT WOS:000254059800027 PM 18174300 ER PT J AU Gao, X Jensen, RE Li, W Deitzel, J McKnight, SH Gillespie, JW AF Gao, X. Jensen, R. E. Li, W. Deitzel, J. McKnight, S. H. Gillespie, J. W., Jr. TI Effect of fiber surface texture created from silane blends on the strength and energy absorption of the glass fiber/epoxy interphase SO JOURNAL OF COMPOSITE MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE glass fiber; silane blends; sol-gel; mechanical interlocking; microdroplet; interphase; energy absorption ID COUPLING AGENTS; MICROBOND TEST; FIBER/MATRIX INTERPHASE; REINFORCED COMPOSITES; FRACTURE-TOUGHNESS; COLLOIDAL SILICA; MATRIX INTERPHASE; SHEAR-STRENGTH; INTERFACE; TESTS AB Most of the research to date has focused on tailoring the interphase adhesion by controlling the degree of chemical bonding between fiber and resin. The interfacial shear strength (IFSS) has been increased as much as 40% by modified chemical surface bonding [1-3]. However, it is well known that increasing the interfacial strength of the fiber reinforced polymeric composite material often leads to a reduction in the fracture toughness and vice versa [4-12]. In this study, the effects of mechanical interlocking, in addition to chemical bonding on the strength and energy absorption of glass fiber/epoxy interphase, were studied by creating texture on the fiber surface through the phase separation of silane blends. A series of tetraethoxysilane (TEOS)/3-glycidoxypropyltrimethoxysilane (GPS) blends in solutions of ethanol and water was selected to treat the glass fiber surface. The fiber coated with different surface treatments shows the change in fiber surface morphology due to the addition of TEOS. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis showed that the GPS preferentially migrates to the coating surface which suggests that phase separation induced by the silane blend was the primary mechanism for the texture formation. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) was used to scan the fiber surface after the coating and the fiber surface texture was quantified by the roughness values. In addition, a single-fiber Microdroplet shear test was conducted to assess the interfacial properties between the textured glass surface and an epoxy matrix. Traditionally, interfacial shear strength is the only quantity that was determined from the load vs. displacement curve after microdroplet test. In this study, a new data-reduction scheme was developed to determine the energy absorption due to different failure mechanisms by taking into consideration both machine compliance and fiber stretching in the energy calculation. The results show as much as a three-fold increase in specific sliding energy absorption without sacrificing interfacial shear strength. The examination of failure surfaces shows that failure mode propagates through the textured interphase in a more tortuous path, which results in greater degree of energy absorption during fiber-matrix pullout. This study shows the potential for using chemical bonding and mechanical interlocking effects to improve both strength and energy absorption in fiber reinforced composites. C1 [Gao, X.; Li, W.; Deitzel, J.; Gillespie, J. W., Jr.] Univ Delaware, Ctr Composite Mat, Newark, DE 19716 USA. Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Newark, DE 19716 USA. [Gillespie, J. W., Jr.] Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Newark, DE 19716 USA. [Jensen, R. E.; McKnight, S. H.] USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Gao, X (reprint author), AZDEL Inc, Forest, VA 24551 USA. EM xgao@azdel.com RI Gorman, Irene/H-7107-2012 NR 59 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 3 U2 51 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD PI LONDON PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND SN 0021-9983 J9 J COMPOS MATER JI J. Compos Mater. PD MAR PY 2008 VL 42 IS 5 BP 513 EP 534 DI 10.1177/0021998307086203 PG 22 WC Materials Science, Composites SC Materials Science GA 277LT UT WOS:000254214800005 ER PT J AU Danielson, KT Akers, SA O'Daniel, JL Adley, MD Garner, SB AF Danielson, Kent T. Akers, Stephen A. O'Daniel, James L. Adley, Mark D. Garner, Sharon B. TI Large-scale parallel computation methodologies for highly Nonlinear concrete and soil applications SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTING IN CIVIL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article ID MICROPLANE MODEL; STRESS; STRAIN AB Detailed analyses of concrete and buried concrete structures undergoing complex inelastic responses to loads, such as those resulting from explosive detonations, are challenging mechanics problems and can require significant computational resources. The writers have been involved in the development of various constitutive models that are successful in modeling blast responses, but can also be computationally intensive-thus excluding their use for many large-scale applications. Recent efforts at the U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center have focused on developing procedures for performing these types of analyses in a production setting utilizing high performance computing. These models have been implemented into a parallel finite-element code, ParaAble, developed by the writers, and a new feature was added to the METIS partitioning software to easily apply weighting for improved load balancing in multiple material problems. Examples are shown that efficiently utilize from dozens to up to thousands of processors, both single and dual core, on Linux clusters and other parallel systems to enable such analyses to be performed in a reasonable amount of time. C1 [Danielson, Kent T.; Akers, Stephen A.; Adley, Mark D.] USA, Engn Res & Dev Ctr, Army High Performance Comp Res Ctr Network Comp S, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. [O'Daniel, James L.] USA, Engn Res & Dev Ctr, CEERD GS M, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. [Garner, Sharon B.] USA, Engn Res & Dev Ctr, CEERD GS S, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Danielson, KT (reprint author), USA, Engn Res & Dev Ctr, Army High Performance Comp Res Ctr Network Comp S, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd,CEERD GM I, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. EM Kent.T.Danielson@erdc.usace.army.mil; Stephen.A.Akers@erdc.usace.army.mil; James.L.O'Daniel@erdc.usace.army.mil; Mark.D.Adley@erdc.usace.army.mil; Sharon.B.Garner@erdc.usace.army.mil NR 18 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 3 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0887-3801 J9 J COMPUT CIVIL ENG JI J. Comput. Civil. Eng. PD MAR-APR PY 2008 VL 22 IS 2 BP 140 EP 146 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0887-3801(2008)22:2(140) PG 7 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Civil SC Computer Science; Engineering GA 265WM UT WOS:000253392500009 ER PT J AU Gamble, CWB AF Gamble, Colonel W. Bryan TI Reflections at 34000 feet SO JOURNAL OF CRANIOFACIAL SURGERY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 USA, Med Corps, Washington, DC 20310 USA. RP Gamble, CWB (reprint author), USA, Med Corps, Washington, DC 20310 USA. EM gam-blewb@centcom.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1049-2275 J9 J CRANIOFAC SURG JI J. Craniofac. Surg. PD MAR PY 2008 VL 19 IS 2 BP 297 EP 299 PG 3 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA 281JZ UT WOS:000254494200002 PM 18362701 ER PT J AU Mahanonda, R Jitprasertwong, P Sa-Ard-Iam, N Rerkyen, P Charatkulangkun, O Jansisyanont, P Nisapakultorn, K Yongvanichit, K Pichyangkul, S AF Mahanonda, R. Jitprasertwong, P. Sa-Ard-Iam, N. Rerkyen, P. Charatkulangkun, O. Jansisyanont, P. Nisapakultorn, K. Yongvanichit, K. Pichyangkul, S. TI Effects of IL-17 on human gingival fibroblasts SO JOURNAL OF DENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE human gingival fibroblasts; IL-17; IFN-gamma; IL-8; IDO ID PERIODONTAL-DISEASE; INTERFERON-GAMMA; ADULT PERIODONTITIS; HUMAN KERATINOCYTES; IDO EXPRESSION; INTERLEUKIN-17; CELLS; PATHOGENESIS; CYTOKINES; RESPONSES AB Interleukin ( IL)-17 is present in inflammatory periodontal lesions, thus suggesting a role in mediating inflammation. We tested the hypothesis that IL-17, especially when combined with interferon ( IFN)-gamma, may modulate the responses of human gingival fibroblasts ( HGFs).IL- 17 induced IL-8 and minimal intercellular adhesion molecule ( ICAM)-1 expression. It had no effect on expression of HLA-DR, CD40, or the immune-suppressive enzyme indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO). The effects of IL-17 on HGFs were compared with those of IFN-gamma. Unlike IL-17,IFN-gamma augmented the expression of HLA-DR, ICAM-1, and IDO, but not IL-8. Thus, IL-17 and IFN-gamma induce different HGF responses when administered separately. Interestingly, when IL-17 and IFN-gamma were combined, marked enhancement of ICAM-1, IL-8, and IDO expression by HGFs was observed. These findings suggest that IL-17, especially when combined with IFN-gamma, could play an important role in immune modulation through stimulation of HGFs in periodontal disease. Abbreviations: Interleukin ( IL), T-helper ( Th), human gingival fibroblasts ( HGFs), indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase ( IDO), monoclonal antibodies ( mAbs), intercellular adhesion molecule ( ICAM)1, interferon ( IFN)-gamma, tumor necrosis factor ( TNF)-alpha, mean fluorescence intensity ( MFI). C1 [Mahanonda, R.; Jitprasertwong, P.; Nisapakultorn, K.] Chulalongkorn Univ, Fac Dent, Dept Periodontol, Bangkok 10330, Thailand. [Yongvanichit, K.; Pichyangkul, S.] US Army Med Component, AFRIMS, Dept Immunol & Med, Bangkok, Thailand. [Mahanonda, R.; Sa-Ard-Iam, N.; Rerkyen, P.; Charatkulangkun, O.; Nisapakultorn, K.] Chulalongkorn Univ, Fac Dent, Res Unit Periodontal Dis, Bangkok 10330, Thailand. [Sa-Ard-Iam, N.; Rerkyen, P.] Chulalongkorn Univ, Fac Dent, Immunol Lab, Bangkok 10330, Thailand. [Jansisyanont, P.] Chulalongkorn Univ, Fac Dent, Dept Oral & Maxillofacial Surg, Bangkok 10330, Thailand. RP Mahanonda, R (reprint author), Chulalongkorn Univ, Fac Dent, Dept Periodontol, Henri Dunant Rd, Bangkok 10330, Thailand. EM mrangsin@chula.ac.th NR 26 TC 17 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 1 PU INT AMER ASSOC DENTAL RESEARCHI A D R/A A D R PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1619 DUKE ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3406 USA SN 0022-0345 J9 J DENT RES JI J. Dent. Res. PD MAR PY 2008 VL 87 IS 3 BP 267 EP 272 PG 6 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA 292ZA UT WOS:000255303400014 PM 18296612 ER PT J AU Ishida, H Ray, R Ray, P AF Ishida, Hiroshi Ray, Radharaman Ray, Prabhati TI Sulfur mustard downregulates iNOS expression to inhibit wound healing in a human keratinocyte model SO JOURNAL OF DERMATOLOGICAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE sulfur mustard; nitric oxide synthase; inducible; nitric oxide; skin wound; wound heating; keratinocytes; siRNA ID NITRIC-OXIDE SYNTHASE; CHEMICAL WARFARE; REPAIR; ASTROCYTES; INDUCTION; PATHWAYS; CULTURE; AGENT AB Background: Increased nitric oxide (NO) synthesized by inducible NO synthase (iNOS) is involved in inflammatory and pathological conditions. iNOS also regulates several biomarkers that accelerate normal wound heating. Effects of exposure to sulfur mustard (SM) on the skin include formation of blisters and slow-heating injuries. Promoting re-epithelialization is a challenging issue in the treatment of the delayed heating of SM-induced skin injuries. Objectives: To clarify the role(s) of iNOS in wound heating and the effect of SM on iNOS expression in an in vitro wound assay to eventually develop therapies for SM skin injuries. Methods: A wound was created by scratching normal human epidermal keratinocytes grown in vitro. iNOS expression was monitored by Western blotting, fluorescence microscopy, and real-time RT-PCR. Wound heating was analyzed using digitalized image analysis software. Results: The level of iNOS peaked 24-48 h after wounding. SM exposure strongly reduced iNOS protein and mRNA levels. Fluorescence microscopy revealed that induction of iNOS expression by wounding and inhibition of iNOS expression by SM occurred not only in the cells at the wound edge but also in cells in the surrounding area, suggesting that wounding may induce and SM may inhibit release of cytokines that stimulate iNOS expression. iNOS-specific small interfering RNAs; caused a marked decrease of iNOS expression irrespective of wounding. Gene silencing also completely inhibited wound heating. Conclusion: These results suggest that preventing SM-induced inhibition of iNOS may be a prospective strategy to promote wound heating in SM-exposed skin. (C) 2007 Japanese Society for Investigative Dermatology. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Ishida, Hiroshi; Ray, Prabhati] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Biol, Div Expt Therapeut, Mol Biol Sect, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. [Ray, Radharaman] US Army Med Res Inst Chem Defense, Div Res, Cell & Mol Biol Branch, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Ray, P (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Biol, Div Expt Therapeut, Mol Biol Sect, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM prabhati.ray@na.amedd.army.mil NR 23 TC 17 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0923-1811 J9 J DERMATOL SCI JI J. Dermatol. Sci. PD MAR PY 2008 VL 49 IS 3 BP 207 EP 216 DI 10.1016/j.jdermsci.2007.09.002 PG 10 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 266JI UT WOS:000253430800003 PM 17964119 ER PT J AU George, S Jackson, JL AF George, S. Jackson, J. L. TI Complementary and alternative medication use in a primary care clinic SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 31st Annual Meeting of the Society-of-General-Internal-Medicine CY APR 09-12, 2008 CL Pittsburgh, PA SP Soc Gen Internal Med C1 [George, S.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Bethesda, MD USA. [Jackson, J. L.] Soc Gen Internal Med, Bethesda, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0884-8734 J9 J GEN INTERN MED JI J. Gen. Intern. Med. PD MAR PY 2008 VL 23 SU 2 BP 271 EP 272 PG 2 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medicine, General & Internal SC Health Care Sciences & Services; General & Internal Medicine GA 277TH UT WOS:000254237100499 ER PT J AU Greenburg, DL Lettieri, CJ Eliasson, AH AF Greenburg, D. L. Lettieri, C. J. Eliasson, A. H. TI Does surgical weight loss improve (or cure) obstructive sleep apnea? A meta-analysis SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 31st Annual Meeting of the Society-of-General-Internal-Medicine CY APR 09-12, 2008 CL Pittsburgh, PA SP Soc Gen Internal Med C1 [Greenburg, D. L.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Lettieri, C. J.; Eliasson, A. H.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0884-8734 J9 J GEN INTERN MED JI J. Gen. Intern. Med. PD MAR PY 2008 VL 23 SU 2 BP 291 EP 292 PG 2 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medicine, General & Internal SC Health Care Sciences & Services; General & Internal Medicine GA 277TH UT WOS:000254237100550 ER PT J AU Greenburg, DL Lettieri, CJ Eliasson, AH AF Greenburg, D. L. Lettieri, C. J. Eliasson, A. H. TI Weight loss after bariatric surgery improves but may not resolve obstructive sleep APNEA SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 31st Annual Meeting of the Society-of-General-Internal-Medicine CY APR 09-12, 2008 CL Pittsburgh, PA SP Soc Gen Internal Med C1 [Greenburg, D. L.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Lettieri, C. J.; Eliasson, A. H.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0884-8734 J9 J GEN INTERN MED JI J. Gen. Intern. Med. PD MAR PY 2008 VL 23 SU 2 BP 438 EP 438 PG 1 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medicine, General & Internal SC Health Care Sciences & Services; General & Internal Medicine GA 277TH UT WOS:000254237100950 ER PT J AU Richter, H Singaraju, A Litt, JS AF Richter, Hanz Singaraju, Anil Litt, Jonathan S. TI Multiplexed predictive control of a large commercial turbofan engine SO JOURNAL OF GUIDANCE CONTROL AND DYNAMICS LA English DT Article ID RECEDING HORIZON CONTROL; NONLINEAR-SYSTEMS; STABILITY; STABILIZABILITY; EQUATION AB Model predictive control is a strategy well-suited to handle the highly complex, nonlinear, uncertain, and constrained dynamics involved in aircraft engine control problems. However, it has thus far been infeasible to implement model predictive control in engine control applications, because of the combination of model complexity and the time allotted for the control update calculation. In this paper, a multiplexed implementation is proposed that dramatically reduces the computational burden of the quadratic programming optimization that must be solved online as part of the model-predictive-control algorithm. Actuator updates are calculated sequentially and cyclically in a multiplexed implementation, as opposed to the simultaneous optimization taking place in conventional model predictive control. Theoretical aspects are discussed based on a nominal model, and actual computational savings are demonstrated using a realistic commercial engine model. C1 [Richter, Hanz; Singaraju, Anil] Cleveland State Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Cleveland, OH 44115 USA. [Litt, Jonathan S.] USA, Res Lab, Vehicle Technol Directorate, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA. RP Richter, H (reprint author), Cleveland State Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Cleveland, OH 44115 USA. NR 35 TC 16 Z9 20 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA SN 0731-5090 J9 J GUID CONTROL DYNAM JI J. Guid. Control Dyn. PD MAR-APR PY 2008 VL 31 IS 2 BP 273 EP 281 DI 10.2514/1.30591 PG 9 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation GA 272RF UT WOS:000253876600002 ER PT J AU Rutland-Brown, W Langlois, JA Bazarian, JJ Warden, D AF Rutland-Brown, Wesley Langlois, Jean A. Bazarian, Jefftey J. Warden, Deborah TI Improving identification of traumatic brain injury after nonmilitary bomb blasts SO JOURNAL OF HEAD TRAUMA REHABILITATION LA English DT Article DE blasts; brain injuiy; craniocerebral trauma; concussion; diagnosis; disaster response; traumatic brain injuiy ID POSTTRAUMATIC-STRESS-DISORDER; GLASGOW COMA SCALE; MILD HEAD-INJURY; MISSED INJURIES; TERRORIST BOMBINGS; EARLY INTERVENTION; MULTIPLE TRAUMA; CASUALTIES; CONSEQUENCES; AFGHANISTAN AB Objective: To improve identification of traumatic brain injury (TBI) in survivors of nonmilitary bomb blasts during the acute care phase. Methods: The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention convened a meeting of experts in TBI, emergency medicine, and disaster response to review the recent literature and make recommendations. Results: Seven key recommendations were proposed: (1) increase TBI awareness among medical professionals; (2) encourage use of standard definitions and consistent terminology; (3) improve screening methods for TBI in the acute care setting; (4) clarify the distinction between TBI and acute stress disorder; (5) encourage routine screening of hospitalized trauma patients for TBI; (6) improve identification of nonhospitalized TBI patients; and (7) integrate the appropriate level of TBI identification into all-hazards mass casualty preparedness. Conclusions: By adopting these recommendations, the United States could be better prepared to identify and respond to TBI following future bombing events. C1 [Rutland-Brown, Wesley; Langlois, Jean A.] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Injury Response, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. [Bazarian, Jefftey J.] Univ Rochester, Sch Med, Dept Emergency Med, Rochester, NY USA. [Warden, Deborah] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Def & Vet Brain Injury Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Langlois, JA (reprint author), Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Div Injury Response, Natl Ctr Injury Prevent & Control, 4770 Buford Hwy,NE MS F-41, Atlanta, GA 30341 USA. EM jal7@cdc.gov NR 77 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0885-9701 J9 J HEAD TRAUMA REHAB JI J. Head Trauma Rehabil. PD MAR-APR PY 2008 VL 23 IS 2 BP 84 EP 91 DI 10.1097/01.HTR.0000314527.78134.70 PG 8 WC Clinical Neurology; Rehabilitation SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Rehabilitation GA 280KW UT WOS:000254426700003 PM 18362762 ER PT J AU Kiwanuka, N Laeyendecker, O Robb, M Kigozi, G Arroyo, M McCutchan, F Eller, LA Eller, M Makumbi, F Birx, D Wabwire-Mangen, F Serwadda, D Sewankambo, NK Quinn, TC Wawer, M Gray, R AF Kiwanuka, Noah Laeyendecker, Oliver Robb, Merlin Kigozi, Godfrey Arroyo, Miguel McCutchan, Francine Eller, Leigh Anne Eller, Michael Makumbi, Fred Birx, Deborah Wabwire-Mangen, Fred Serwadda, David Sewankambo, Nelson K. Quinn, Thomas C. Wawer, Maria Gray, Ronald TI Effect of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) subtype on disease progression in persons from Rakai, Uganda, with incident HIV-1 infection SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections CY FEB 05-09, 2006 CL Denver, CO ID GENETIC DIVERSITY; GROUP-O; COHORT; TRANSMISSION; RECOMBINANTS; TANZANIA; DISTINCT; VACCINE; AFRICA; AIDS AB Background. Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) subtypes differ in biological characteristics that may affect pathogenicity. Methods. We determined the HIV-1 subtype-specific rates of disease progression among 350 HIV-1 seroconverters. Subtype, viral load, and CD4(+) cell count were determined. Cox proportional hazards regression modeling was used to estimate adjusted hazard ratios (HRs) of progression to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) (defined as a CD4(+) cell count of <= 250 cells/mm(3)) and to AIDS-associated death. Results. A total of 59.1% of study subjects had subtype D strains, 15.1% had subtype A, 21.1% had intersubtype recombinant subtypes, 4.3% had multiple subtypes, and 0.3% had subtype C. Of the 350 subjects, 129 (37%) progressed to AIDS, and 68 (19.5%) died of AIDS. The median time to AIDS onset was shorter for persons with subtype D(6.5 years), recombinant subtypes (5.6 years), or multiple subtypes (5.8 years), compared with persons with subtype A (8.0 years; P = .022). Relative to subtype A, adjusted HRs of progression to AIDS were 2.13 [ 95% confidence interval {CI}, 1.10-4.11] for subtype D, 2.16 [ 95% CI, 1.05-4.45] for recombinant subtypes, and 4.40 [ 95% CI, 1.71-11.3] for multiple subtypes. The risk of progression to death was significantly higher for subtype D(adjusted HR, 5.65; 95% CI, 1.37-23.4), recombinant subtypes (adjusted HR, 6.70; 95% CI, 1.56-28.8), and multiple subtypes (adjusted HR, 7.67; 95% CI, 1.27-46.3), compared with subtype A. Conclusions. HIV disease progression is affected by HIV-1 subtype. This finding may impact decisions on when to initiate antiretroviral therapy and may have implications for future trials of HIV-1 vaccines aimed at slowing disease progression. C1 [Kiwanuka, Noah; Kigozi, Godfrey] Uganda Virus Res Inst, Rakai Hlth Sci Program, Entebbe, Uganda. [Makumbi, Fred; Wabwire-Mangen, Fred; Serwadda, David] Makerere Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Kampala, Uganda. [Sewankambo, Nelson K.] Makerere Univ, Dept Med, Kampala, Uganda. [Sewankambo, Nelson K.] Makerere Univ, Clin Epidemiol Unit, Kampala, Uganda. [Kiwanuka, Noah] Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. [Laeyendecker, Oliver] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Baltimore, MD USA. [Wawer, Maria; Gray, Ronald] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD USA. [Laeyendecker, Oliver; Quinn, Thomas C.] NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Robb, Merlin; Eller, Leigh Anne; Eller, Michael; Birx, Deborah] Henry M Jackson Fdn, Rockville, MD USA. [Arroyo, Miguel; McCutchan, Francine] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP Kiwanuka, N (reprint author), Uganda Virus Res Inst, Rakai Hlth Sci Program, POB 49, Entebbe, Uganda. EM nkiwanuka@rhsp.org RI Laeyendecker, Oliver/B-9331-2009; OI Sewankambo, Nelson/0000-0001-9362-053X; Laeyendecker, Oliver/0000-0002-6429-4760; Arroyo, Miguel/0000-0001-7416-8867 FU FIC NIH HHS [5D43TW00010]; PHS HHS [2DTW000010-19] NR 30 TC 148 Z9 155 U1 0 U2 7 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD MAR 1 PY 2008 VL 197 IS 5 BP 707 EP 713 DI 10.1086/527416 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 271FD UT WOS:000253773400015 PM 18266607 ER PT J AU Harrington, LC Vermeylen, F Jones, JJ Kitthawee, S Sithiprasasna, R Edman, JD Scott, TW AF Harrington, Laura C. Vermeylen, Francoise Jones, James J. Kitthawee, Sangvorn Sithiprasasna, Ratana Edman, John D. Scott, Thomas W. TI Age-dependent survival of the dengue vector Aedes aegypti (Diptera : Culicidae) demonstrated by simultaneous release-recapture of different age cohorts SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Aedes aegypti; synthetic cohort; age; survival; Thailand ID HUMAN BLOOD; PUERTO-RICO; MORTALITY; THAILAND; SURVIVORSHIP; TRANSMISSION; DEMOGRAPHY; FECUNDITY; MOSQUITOS; PARADIGM AB The assumption that mosquito survival remains constant and that it is independent of age was tested with free-ranging Aedes aegypti (L.) (Diptera: Culicidae) by using a "synthetic cohort" mark-release-recapture method. Mosquito age cohorts (1-2, 3-4, and 19-20 d) were released simultaneously in homes in rural Thai villages during dry and rainy seasons (2002). Significant age-dependent effects were detected during the dry and rainy seasons. More young than older mosquitoes were recaptured (1-4 versus 5-20 d). The best predictive fit for recaptures was obtained using a quadratic function of age. Our results provide the first field-based evidence for age-dependent Ae. aegypti mortality in which the death rate increases with advancing age and highlight the need for research on ecological and epidemiological aspects of this process. C1 [Harrington, Laura C.] Cornell Univ, Dept Entomol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Vermeylen, Francoise] Cornell Univ, Cornell Stat Consulting Unit, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Jones, James J.; Sithiprasasna, Ratana] Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Dept Entomol, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. [Kitthawee, Sangvorn] Mahidol Univ, Dept Biol, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. [Edman, John D.; Scott, Thomas W.] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Entomol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Harrington, LC (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Dept Entomol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM Ich27@cornell.edu FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI-22119] NR 31 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 9 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOC AMER PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0022-2585 J9 J MED ENTOMOL JI J. Med. Entomol. PD MAR PY 2008 VL 45 IS 2 BP 307 EP 313 DI 10.1603/0022-2585(2008)45[307:ASOTDV]2.0.CO;2 PG 7 WC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences SC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences GA 268CO UT WOS:000253555700016 PM 18402147 ER PT J AU Armstrong, RC Dobson, NR Zhou, YX Flint, NC AF Armstrong, R. C. Dobson, N. R. Zhou, Y. X. Flint, N. C. TI Musashi1 RNA-binding protein regulates oligodendrocyte lineage cell differentiation and survival SO JOURNAL OF NEUROCHEMISTRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 39th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Neurochemistry CY MAR 01-05, 2008 CL San Antonio, TX SP Amer Soc Neurochem C1 [Armstrong, R. C.; Zhou, Y. X.; Flint, N. C.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Dobson, N. R.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0022-3042 J9 J NEUROCHEM JI J. Neurochem. PD MAR PY 2008 VL 104 SU 1 BP 26 EP 26 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 257RI UT WOS:000252815800059 ER PT J AU Ratto-Kim, S Chuenchitra, T Pulliam, L Paris, R Sukwit, S Gongwon, S Sithinamsuwan, P Nidhinandana, S Thitivichianlert, S Shiramizu, BT de Souza, MS Chitpatima, ST Sun, B Rempel, H Nitayaphan, S Williams, K Kim, JH Shikuma, CM Valcour, VG AF Ratto-Kim, Silvia Chuenchitra, Thippawan Pulliam, Lynn Paris, Robert Sukwit, Suchitra Gongwon, Siriphan Sithinamsuwan, Pasirl Nidhinandana, Samart Thitivichianlert, Sataporn Shiramizu, Bruce T. de Souza, Mark S. Chitpatima, Suwicha T. Sun, Bing Rempel, Hans Nitayaphan, Sorachal Williams, Kenneth Kim, Jerome H. Shikuma, Cecilia M. Valcour, Victor G. CA SE Asia Res Collaborat TI Expression of monocyte markers in HIV-1 infected individuals with or without HIV associated dementia and normal controls in Bangkok Thailand SO JOURNAL OF NEUROIMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE HIV-1; Thailand; monocyte markers; HAD ID ACQUIRED-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-SYNDROME; BLOOD MONOCYTES; INFECTED PATIENTS; COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT; VIRUS INFECTION; IN-VIVO; SUBSET; AIDS; MACROPHAGES; SUBTYPE AB HIV Associated Dementia (HAD) is a complication of HIV infection in developed countries and is still poorly defined in resource-limited settings. In this study we investigated the expression of the monocyte phenotype CD14CD16HLADR and the inflammatory profiles in monocytes supernatants by surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionization-time of flight (SELDI-TOF) mass spectrometry in a cohort of HAD and non-HAD Thai volunteers prior to the initiation of ARV. The CD14CD16HLADR phenotype was significantly increased in monocytes from HAD and non-HAD versus negative controls, but there was no difference in phenotype and in the secretion protein profiles between the two seropositive groups. In addition, monocytes supernatants from HAD and non-HAD did not induced apoptosis or cell death in brain aggregate culture. In conclusion it appears that HAD in Thai individuals has a different immunological profile then in North America cohorts. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Ratto-Kim, Silvia; Paris, Robert; Gongwon, Siriphan; de Souza, Mark S.; Kim, Jerome H.] USAMC AFRIMS, Dept Retrovirol, Bangkok 10500, Thailand. [Ratto-Kim, Silvia; Shiramizu, Bruce T.; Kim, Jerome H.; Shikuma, Cecilia M.; Valcour, Victor G.] Univ Hawaii, John A Burns Sch Med, Hawaii AIDS Clin Res Program, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Chuenchitra, Thippawan; Sukwit, Suchitra; Nitayaphan, Sorachal] Royal Thai Army Med Dept, Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Div Res, Bangkok, Thailand. [Pulliam, Lynn; Sun, Bing; Rempel, Hans] Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Dept Lab Med, San Francisco, CA 94121 USA. [Sithinamsuwan, Pasirl; Nidhinandana, Samart] Phramongkutklao Hosp, Dept Med, Div Neurol, Bangkok, Thailand. [Thitivichianlert, Sataporn] Phramongkutklao Hosp, Dept Med, Div Infect Dis, Bangkok, Thailand. [Chitpatima, Suwicha T.] Phramongkutklao Hosp, Off Special Projects, Bangkok, Thailand. [Williams, Kenneth] Boston Coll, Dept Biol, Boston, MA USA. [Pulliam, Lynn; Valcour, Victor G.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Med, San Francisco, CA USA. [SE Asia Res Collaborat] Univ Hawaii, Protocol Team, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. RP Ratto-Kim, S (reprint author), USAMC AFRIMS, Dept Retrovirol, 315-6 Rajvithi Rd, Bangkok 10500, Thailand. EM silvia.kim@afrims.org FU NIMH NIH HHS [R21MH072388, R21 MH072388]; NINDS NIH HHS [R01 NS053345] NR 45 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0165-5728 J9 J NEUROIMMUNOL JI J. Neuroimmunol. PD MAR PY 2008 VL 195 IS 1-2 BP 100 EP 107 DI 10.1016/j.jneuroim.2007.11.021 PG 8 WC Immunology; Neurosciences SC Immunology; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 300CN UT WOS:000255802000012 PM 18191233 ER PT J AU Wilantewicz, TE Varner, JR AF Wilantewicz, Trevor Edward Varner, James R. TI Indentation crack initiation behavior of vitreous silica glasses containing different hydroxyl concentration SO JOURNAL OF NON-CRYSTALLINE SOLIDS LA English DT Article DE glasses; mechanical properties; crack growth; fracture; hardness; indentation; microindentation; microscopy; optical microscopy; oxide glasses; silica; water; water in glass ID WATER AB The indentation crack initiation behavior of eight vitreous silica specimens containing bulk OH concentrations ranging from 0.2 to 754 wt ppm was investigated. A recording microindentation instrument equipped with optical observation and acoustic emission detection was used to study, in situ, the cracking behavior from indentation with a Vickers diamond. No significant differences in the threshold loads for various types of cracking behavior of the specimens were found. In addition, the polishing medium was found to have little influence on the cracking behavior. The lengths of median-radial cracks around indentations varied little between specimens. The Vickers hardness of the specimens measured at 0.98 N ranged from 6.6 +/- 0.3 GPa to 7.5 +/- 0.7 GPa, and no trend with the OH concentration was apparent. In addition, the Vickers hardness of the specimens measured while under a 9.81 N maximum load (LVHmax), showed little variation, and no apparent trend with the OH concentration. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Wilantewicz, Trevor Edward] USA, Res Lab, Impact Phys Branch, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. [Varner, James R.] Alfred Univ, Kazuo Inamori Sch Engn, Alfred, NY 14802 USA. RP Wilantewicz, TE (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Impact Phys Branch, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. EM twilantewicz@comcast.net; trevor.wilantewicz@arl.army.mil NR 15 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3093 J9 J NON-CRYST SOLIDS JI J. Non-Cryst. Solids PD MAR 1 PY 2008 VL 354 IS 14 BP 1553 EP 1558 DI 10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2007.08.059 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Ceramics; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 269LE UT WOS:000253649700017 ER PT J AU Peterson, DG Scrimgeour, AG McClung, JP Koutsos, EA AF Peterson, Daniel G. Scrimgeour, Angus G. McClung, James P. Koutsos, Elizabeth A. TI Moderate zinc restriction affects intestinal health and immune function in lipopolysaccharide-challenged mice SO JOURNAL OF NUTRITIONAL BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE mice; zinc; immune response; cytokines; intestine ID ENDOTHELIAL-CELLS; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; GENE-EXPRESSION; CYTOKINES; GROWTH; OXIDE; DEFICIENCY; ACTIVATION; RESISTANCE; APOPTOSIS AB Zinc (Zn) is an essential nutrient that affects immune function, especially within the digestive system, although the underlying mechanisms are not well understood. This study examined the effects of short-term moderate Zn restriction on intestinal health and immune function in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-challenged mice through plasma cytokine profiling and histological evaluation of intestinal tissue sections. Adult male mice were fed with a Zn-adequate (40 ppm) or a Zn-marginal (4 ppm) diet for 4 weeks, and then a bacterial challenge was simulated by intraperitoneal injection of LPS (10 mu g/g body weight [BW]) or saline (control). BW was recorded weekly, and feed intake was recorded daily over the last week. Voluntary locomotor activity was assessed 6 and 24 h after the challenge. Plasma and tissues were collected 0, 6 or 24 h after the challenge for analysis. Histological analysis of intestinal samples included evaluation of villi length and width, lamina propria (LP) width, crypt depth and intraepithelial as well as LP leukocyte numbers. Plasma was analyzed for IL-1 beta, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12p40, IL-12p70, interferon gamma and tumor necrosis factor alpha. Diet did not affect BW and feed intake. The LPS challenge led to decreased voluntary locomotor activity (P<.05). Moderate Zn restriction led to greater leukocyte infiltration in the LP after the LPS challenge (P<.05) and higher plasma IL-6 and IL-10 levels 24 h after the LPS challenge (P<.01). Results indicate that Zn status impacts intestinal responses to LPS through modulation of the cytokine response and leukocyte recruitment, and this impact is evident even with short-term (4 weeks) moderate Zn restriction. (C) 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Peterson, Daniel G.; Koutsos, Elizabeth A.] Calif Polytech State Univ San Luis Obispo, Dept Anim Sci, San Luis Obispo, CA 93407 USA. [Scrimgeour, Angus G.; McClung, James P.] USA, Inst Environm Med, Milit Nutr Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Peterson, DG (reprint author), Calif Polytech State Univ San Luis Obispo, Dept Anim Sci, San Luis Obispo, CA 93407 USA. EM dpeterso@calpoly.edu RI Scrimgeour, Angus/D-6794-2013; McClung, James/A-1989-2009 NR 35 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0955-2863 J9 J NUTR BIOCHEM JI J. Nutr. Biochem. PD MAR PY 2008 VL 19 IS 3 BP 193 EP 199 DI 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2007.02.011 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 264BL UT WOS:000253260100006 PM 17618107 ER PT J AU Rowshan, HH Keith, K Baur, D Skidmore, P AF Rowshan, Henry H. Keith, Karen Baur, Dale Skidmore, Peter TI Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection of the auricular cartilage caused by "High Ear Piercing": A case report and review of the literature SO JOURNAL OF ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY LA English DT Review ID COMPLICATIONS C1 [Rowshan, Henry H.; Keith, Karen; Baur, Dale] Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Dept Oral & Maxillofacial Surg, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. [Skidmore, Peter] Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Dept Internal Med, Div Infect Dis, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. RP Baur, D (reprint author), Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Dept Oral & Maxillofacial Surg, 300 E Hosp Rd, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. EM howershan@excite.com NR 8 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0278-2391 J9 J ORAL MAXIL SURG JI J. Oral Maxillofac. Surg. PD MAR PY 2008 VL 66 IS 3 BP 543 EP 546 DI 10.1016/j.joms.2006.10.045 PG 4 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA 269KR UT WOS:000253648400020 PM 18280391 ER PT J AU Whitsett, SF Gudmundsdottir, M Davies, B McCarthy, P Friedman, D AF Whitsett, Stan F. Gudmundsdottir, Maria Davies, Betty McCarthy, Patricia Friedman, Debra TI Chemotherapy-related fatigue in childhood cancer: Correlates, consequences, and coping strategies SO JOURNAL OF PEDIATRIC ONCOLOGY NURSING LA English DT Article DE fatigue; pediatric oncology; depression; symptoms; mixed methodology ID QUALITY-OF-LIFE; BREAST-CANCER; RECEIVING TREATMENT; COMMUNITY SAMPLE; CHILDREN; ADOLESCENTS; SYMPTOMS; SLEEP; PREVALENCE; LEUKEMIA AB The aim of this research is to examine the experience and impact of chemotherapy-related fatigue recently diagnosed pediatric oncology patients. A repeated-measures, within-subjects, mixed (quantitative plus qualitative) design was used to prospectively assess fatigue during early chemotherapy cycles and to compare fatigue to depressive symptoms. Parental interviews collected concurrently were analyzed for descriptions of the child's fatigue and mood states and for strategies to cope with fatigue. Results indicated a significant correlation between fatigue and depression, but qualitative analyses suggested that the 2 phenomena may be unique and distinguishable. Qualitative analyses of parent interviews also identified specific strategies that were frequently used in response to high levels of fatigue. The findings illustrate the significant impact of chemotherapy-related fatigue in children being treated for cancer The study also provides guidance for the assessment of fatigue and related symptoms and identifies specific strategies for coping with fatigue. C1 [Whitsett, Stan F.] Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Pediat MCHK PED, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. [Gudmundsdottir, Maria] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Family Hlth Care Nursing, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Davies, Betty] Univ Calif San Francisco, Dept Family Hlth Care Nursing, Acute Care Pediat Nurse Practitioner Program, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [McCarthy, Patricia] Childrens Hosp Eastern Ontario, Dept Pediat Oncol, Ottawa, ON K1H 8L1, Canada. [Friedman, Debra] Fred Hutchinson Canc Res Ctr, Survivorship Program, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. [Friedman, Debra] Univ Washington, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Whitsett, SF (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Pediat MCHK PED, 1 Jarrett White Rd, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. EM stan.whitsett@us.army.mil NR 43 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 4 U2 10 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 1043-4542 J9 J PEDIATR ONCOL NURS JI J. Pediatr. Oncol. Nurs. PD MAR-APR PY 2008 VL 25 IS 2 BP 86 EP 96 DI 10.1177/1043454208315546 PG 11 WC Oncology; Nursing SC Oncology; Nursing GA 274RA UT WOS:000254017400003 PM 18310531 ER PT J AU Gibson, G Reifenstahl, EF Wehler, CJ Rich, SE Kressin, NR King, TB Jones, JA AF Gibson, Gretchen Reifenstahl, Erik F. Wehler, Carolyn J. Rich, Sharron E. Kressin, Nancy R. King, Tracy B. Jones, Judith A. TI Dental treatment improves self-rated oral health in homeless veterans - A brief communication SO JOURNAL OF PUBLIC HEALTH DENTISTRY LA English DT Article DE homeless; dental; oral quality of life; self-reported oral health AB Objective: The aim of this study was to assess homeless veterans' perception of their oral health and the impact that oral disease and treatment have on self-assessed quality of life. Methods: Outcomes included measures of general and oral-specific quality of life and functional status. Single-item self-report of oral health and the General Oral Health Assessment Index were assessed at baseline and after treatment. Results: One hundred and twelve veterans completed the baseline questionnaire, and 48 completed the follow-up. Veterans who were eligible for ongoing dental care had improved General Oral Health Assessment scores, while patients who received only emergency dental care saw a decreased score (2.46 versus -2.12). General Oral Health Assessment improvement was significantly related to fewer teeth at baseline (18 versus 23), a lower baseline General Oral Health Assessment (23.6 versus 28.1), having a denture visit (22 versus 35 percent), and improvement in self-reported oral health (25 versus 42 percent). Conclusion: There was significant improvement in homeless veterans' perceived oral health after receiving dental care. C1 [Gibson, Gretchen] Fayetteville VA Med Ctr, Fayetteville, AR 72703 USA. [Reifenstahl, Erik F.] USA, Dent Activ, Honolulu, HI USA. [Wehler, Carolyn J.; Rich, Sharron E.; Kressin, Nancy R.; Jones, Judith A.] VA Med Ctr, Ctr Hlth Qual Outcomes & Econ Res, Bedford, MA USA. [Wehler, Carolyn J.; Rich, Sharron E.; Jones, Judith A.] Boston Univ, Sch Dent Med, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Kressin, Nancy R.] Boston Univ, Sch Med, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [King, Tracy B.] Baylor Coll Dent, Dallas, TX 75246 USA. RP Gibson, G (reprint author), Fayetteville VA Med Ctr, Dent 160,1100 N Coll Ave, Fayetteville, AR 72703 USA. EM Gretchen.gibson@med.va.gov OI Kressin, Nancy/0000-0003-2767-4286; Jones, Judith/0000-0002-0126-0790 FU NIDCR NIH HHS [K24DE018211, K24 DE018211] NR 10 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 3 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0022-4006 J9 J PUBLIC HEALTH DENT JI J. Public Health Dent. PD SPR PY 2008 VL 68 IS 2 BP 111 EP 115 DI 10.1111/j.1752-7325.2007.00081.x PG 5 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 308SZ UT WOS:000256411600008 PM 18248336 ER PT J AU Petrov, D Shkuratov, Y Videen, G AF Petrov, Dmitry Shkuratov, Yuriy Videen, Gorden TI Influence of corrugation on light-scattering properties of capsule and finite-cylinder particles: Analytic solution using Sh-matrices SO JOURNAL OF QUANTITATIVE SPECTROSCOPY & RADIATIVE TRANSFER LA English DT Article ID BIOLOGICAL PARTICLES; CHEBYSHEV PARTICLES; SURFACE-ROUGHNESS; SIZE AB We use the Sh-matrices to derive an analytic T-matrix solution for the light scattering from capsule and finite-cylinder particles with corrugated surfaces. The solution is tested by comparison with discrete-dipole-approximation (DDA) calculations. We present results from finite circular cylinders and capsules whose diameter/length ratio is 1/2. Such particles have interest as simulants of aerosolized spores. We analyze and compare their two-dimensional scattering patterns. The effect of corrugated surfaces of relatively small amplitude is quite significant on the resulting scattering patterns. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Petrov, Dmitry; Shkuratov, Yuriy] Kharkov VN Karazin Natl Univ, Astron Inst, UA-61022 Kharkov, Ukraine. [Videen, Gorden] AMSRD ARL CI EM, Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. [Videen, Gorden] Univ Amsterdam, Astron Inst Anton Pannekoek, NL-1098 SJ Amsterdam, Netherlands. RP Petrov, D (reprint author), Kharkov VN Karazin Natl Univ, Astron Inst, 35 Sumskaya St, UA-61022 Kharkov, Ukraine. EM petrov@astron.kharkov.ua NR 16 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-4073 J9 J QUANT SPECTROSC RA JI J. Quant. Spectrosc. Radiat. Transf. PD MAR PY 2008 VL 109 IS 4 BP 650 EP 669 DI 10.1016/j.jqsrt.2007.08.007 PG 20 WC Optics; Spectroscopy SC Optics; Spectroscopy GA 242JD UT WOS:000251720500010 ER PT J AU O'Boyle, AL O'Boyle, JD Magann, EF Rieg, TS Morrison, JC Davis, GD AF O'Boyle, A. L. O'Boyle, J. D. Magann, E. F. Rieg, T. S. Morrison, J. C. Davis, G. D. TI Anorectal symptoms in pregnancy and the postpartum period SO JOURNAL OF REPRODUCTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE anus; postpartum period; pregnancy; complications; rectum ID PELVIC ORGAN SUPPORT; FECAL INCONTINENCE; FLOOR DISORDERS; RISK-FACTORS; WOMEN; CONSTIPATION; MUSCULATURE; INNERVATION; CHILDBIRTH; DELIVERY AB OBJECTIVE: To determine the frequency of anorectal complaints in nulliparous, pregnant women before and after delivery. STUDY DESIGN: This was a prospective, observational study. Nulliparous, pregnant women attending an active-duty prenatal clinic completed a 6-item anorectal symptom questionnaire that assessed anal continence and defecatory symptoms. RESULTS: Seventy-five activeduty, nulliparous women completed 158 questionnaires. Anorectal symptoms were reported both antepartum (AP) and postpartum (PP): straining to defecate (AP: 28-59%; PP: 30%), hard or lumpy stools (AP: 48-59%; PP: 66%), incomplete emptying (AP: 38-53%; PP: 38%), uncontrolled loss of gas or stool from the rectum (AP: 18-29%; PP: 15%), unpreventable soilage of underwear (AP: 15-33%; PP: 13%) and splinting (AP: 3-9%; PP: 9%). Constipation symptoms were reported most frequently in the first trimester (p = 0.031) and anal incontinence most often in the third trimester but loss of gas or stool "often" more in the postpartum period (p = 0.027). Anal incontinence was more frequent in women who delivered by forceps (p = 0.007). CONCLUSION: Anorectal symptoms are common both during pregnancy and in the postpartum period. Anal incontinence is reported more frequently in women who delivered by forceps. C1 [Morrison, J. C.] Univ Mississippi, Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Jackson, MS 39216 USA. [O'Boyle, A. L.; O'Boyle, J. D.; Magann, E. F.; Rieg, T. S.; Morrison, J. C.; Davis, G. D.] Naval Med Ctr Portsmouth, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Portsmouth, VA USA. [O'Boyle, A. L.; O'Boyle, J. D.; Magann, E. F.; Rieg, T. S.; Morrison, J. C.; Davis, G. D.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Morrison, JC (reprint author), Univ Mississippi, Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, 2500 N State St, Jackson, MS 39216 USA. EM jmorrison@ob-gyn.umsmed.edu NR 15 TC 8 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU SCI PRINTERS & PUBL INC PI ST LOUIS PA PO DRAWER 12425 8342 OLIVE BLVD, ST LOUIS, MO 63132 USA SN 0024-7758 J9 J REPROD MED JI J. Reprod. Med. PD MAR PY 2008 VL 53 IS 3 BP 151 EP 154 PG 4 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 278EG UT WOS:000254266200003 PM 18441716 ER PT J AU Harman, EA Gutekunst, DJ Frykman, PN Nindl, BC Alemany, JA Mello, RP Sharp, MA AF Harman, Everett A. Gutekunst, David J. Frykman, Peter N. Nindl, Bradley C. Alemany, Joseph A. Mello, Robert P. Sharp, Marilyn A. TI EFFECTS OF TWO DIFFERENT EIGHT-WEEK TRAINING PROGRAMS ON MILITARY PHYSICAL PERFORMANCE SO JOURNAL OF STRENGTH AND CONDITIONING RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE weight-based training; standardized physical training; exercise testing; Army ID STRENGTH; RESISTANCE; ENDURANCE; TESTS; WOMEN; MEN AB Various physical demands are placed on soldiers, whose effectiveness and survivability depend on their combat-specific physical fitness. Because sport training programs involving weight-based training have proven effective, this study examined the value of such a program for short-term military training using combat-relevant tests. A male weight-based training (WBT) group (n = 15; mean +/- SD: 27.0 +/- 4.7 years, 173.8 +/- 5.8 cm, 80.9 +/- 12.7 kg) performed full-body weight-based training workouts, 3.2-km runs, interval training, agility training, and progressively loaded 8-km backpack hikes. A male Army Standardized Physical Training (SPT) group (n = 17; mean +/- SD: 29.0 +/- 4.6 years, 179.7 +/- 8.2 cm, 84.5 +/- 10.4 kg) followed the new Army Standardized Physical Training program of stretching, varied calisthenics, movement drills, sprint intervals, shuttle running, and distance runs. Both groups exercised for 1.5 hours a day, 5 days a week for 8 weeks. The following training-induced changes were statistically significant (P < 0.05) for both training groups: 3.2-km run or walk with 32-kg load (minutes), 24.5 +/- 3.2 to 21.0 +/- 2.8 (SPT) and 24.9 +/- 2.8 to 21.1 +/- 2.2 (WBT); 400-m run with 18-kg load (seconds), 94.5 +/- 14.2 to 84.4 +/- 11.9 (SPT) and 100.1 +/- 16.1 to 84.0 +/- 8.4 (WBT); obstacle course with 18-kg load (seconds), 73.3 +/- 10.1 to 61.6 +/- 7.7 (SPT) and 66.8 +/- 10.0 to 60.1 +/- 8.7 (WBT); 5 30-m sprints to prone (seconds), 63.5 +/- 4.8 to 59.8 +/- 4.1 (SPT) and 60.4 +/- 4.2 to 58.9 +/- 2.7 (WBT); and 80-kg casualty rescue from 50 m (seconds), 65.8 +/- 40.0 to 42.1 +/- 9.9 (SPT) and 57.6 +/- 22.0 to 44.2 +/- 8.8 (WBT). Of these tests, only the obstacle course showed significant difference in improvement between the two training groups. Thus, for short-term (i.e., 8-week) training of relatively untrained men, the Army's new Standardized Physical Training program and a weight-based training experimental program can produce similar, significant, and meaningful improvements in military physical performance. Further research would be needed to determine whether weight-based training provides an advantage over a longer training period. C1 [Harman, Everett A.; Gutekunst, David J.; Frykman, Peter N.; Nindl, Bradley C.; Alemany, Joseph A.; Mello, Robert P.; Sharp, Marilyn A.] USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Harman, EA (reprint author), USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. EM everett.harman@us.army.mil NR 26 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 11 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1064-8011 J9 J STRENGTH COND RES JI J. Strength Cond. Res. PD MAR PY 2008 VL 22 IS 2 BP 524 EP 534 DI 10.1519/JSC.0b013e31816347b6 PG 11 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA 512ZJ UT WOS:000271290900028 PM 18550970 ER PT J AU Mitchell, SD Eide, R Olsen, CH Stephens, MB AF Mitchell, Sarah D. Eide, Richard Olsen, Cara H. Stephens, Mark B. TI Body composition and physical fitness in a cohort of US military medical students SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN BOARD OF FAMILY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID BEHAVIORS AB Medical school requires that students balance academic schedules with other lifestyle demands, including nutrition, physical fitness, and wellness. We retrospectively reviewed trends in body composition and physical fitness of a cohort of military medical students attending the Uniformed Services University. Although students were able to maintain muscular endurance and body composition, cardiorespiratory endurance, as measured by a timed 1.5-mile run, declined significantly over a 2-yr period. C1 [Eide, Richard; Olsen, Cara H.; Stephens, Mark B.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Mitchell, Sarah D.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Stephens, MB (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. EM mstephens@usuhs.mil RI Stephens, Mark/A-2679-2015 NR 10 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER BOARD FAMILY MEDICINE PI LEXINGTON PA 2228 YOUNG DR, LEXINGTON, KY 40505 USA SN 1557-2625 J9 J AM BOARD FAM MED JI J. Am. Board Fam. Med. PD MAR-APR PY 2008 VL 21 IS 2 BP 165 EP 167 DI 10.3122/jabfm.2008.02.070194 PG 3 WC Primary Health Care; Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 274HV UT WOS:000253993300014 PM 18343867 ER PT J AU Ressner, RA Murray, CK Griffith, ME Rasnake, MS Hospenthal, DR Wolf, SE AF Ressner, Roseanne A. Murray, Clinton K. Griffith, Matthew E. Rasnake, Mark S. Hospenthal, Duane R. Wolf, Steven E. TI Outcomes of bacteremia in burn patients involved in combat operations overseas SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF SURGEONS LA English DT Article ID INTENSIVE-CARE-UNIT; KLEBSIELLA-PNEUMONIAE; INFECTIONS; MORTALITY AB BACKGROUND: Burn patients constitute approximately 5% of casualties injured in support of US military operations In Iraq (Operation Iraqi Freedom [OIF]) and Afghanistan (Operation Enduring Freedom [OEF]). Since the onset of these conflicts, there have been numerous casualties infected with multidrug-resistant bacteria. It is currently unclear if bacteremia with these multidrug-resistant organisms in OIF/OEF burn casualties is associated with increased mortality. STUDY DESIGN: We performed a retrospective cohort study of all patients admitted to the US Army Institute of Surgical Research burn center from January 2003 to May 2006 to evaluate bacteremia in our burn-patient population. RESULTS: One hundred twenty-nine of 1,258 patients admitted to the burn center became bacteremic during their hospitalization. Of these, 92 had bacteremia with the top four pathogens in our burn center, ie, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter calcoaceticus-baumannii complex, and Staphylococcus aureus. Presence of any bacteremia was associated with mortality and increased ventilator days. Bacteremia with K pneumoniae was associated with a statistically increased mortality and a prolonged ventilator course relative to all other pathogens. CONCLUSIONS: Casualties of OIF/OEF with burn injuries did not have different outcomes than patients whose burns were not associated with military operations. Bacteremia, especially with a multidrug-resistant organism, causes increased mortality in burn patients. Of all the pathogens causing bacteremia, K pneumonia appears to have the greatest impact on mortality. C1 [Ressner, Roseanne A.; Murray, Clinton K.; Griffith, Matthew E.; Hospenthal, Duane R.] Brooke Army Med Ctr, MCHE MDI, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. [Wolf, Steven E.] USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. [Rasnake, Mark S.] Univ Tennessee, Grad Sch Med, Knoxville, TN USA. RP Murray, CK (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, MCHE MDI, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM Clinton.Murray@amedd.army.mil OI Wolf, Steven/0000-0003-2972-3440 NR 16 TC 56 Z9 58 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1072-7515 J9 J AM COLL SURGEONS JI J. Am. Coll. Surg. PD MAR PY 2008 VL 206 IS 3 BP 439 EP 444 DI 10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2007.09.017 PG 6 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA 271LR UT WOS:000253790400006 PM 18308213 ER PT J AU Sculley, S AF Sculley, Seanegan TI The Politics of War: Race, Class, and Conflict in Revolutionary Virginia SO JOURNAL OF THE EARLY REPUBLIC LA English DT Book Review C1 [Sculley, Seanegan] US Mil Acad, West Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Sculley, S (reprint author), US Mil Acad, West Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV PENNSYLVANIA PRESS PI PHILADELPHIA PA JOURNALS DIVISION, 3905 SPRUCE STREET, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19104 USA SN 0275-1275 J9 J EARLY REPUBL JI J. Early Repub. PD SPR PY 2008 VL 28 IS 1 BP 137 EP 140 PG 4 WC History SC History GA V23LC UT WOS:000208343300016 ER PT J AU D'Avignon, LC Saffle, JER Chung, KK Cancio, LC AF D'Avignon, Laurie C. Saffle, Jeffrey R. Chung, Kevin K. Cancio, Leopoldo C. TI Prevention and management of infections associated with burns in the combat casualty SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Review DE combat; trauma; burns; infection ID OPERATION IRAQI FREEDOM; WOUND BIOPSY CULTURE; 1-PERCENT SILVER SULFADIAZINE; ALGINATE SWAB CULTURE; QUANTITATIVE MICROBIOLOGY; PSEUDOMONAS-AERUGINOSA; EARLY EXCISION; PROPHYLACTIC ANTIBIOTICS; ACINETOBACTER INFECTION; STAPHYLOCOCCUS-AUREUS AB Burns complicate 5% to 10% of combat associated injuries with infections being the leading cause of mortality. Given the long term complications and rehabilitation needs after initial recovery from the acute burns, these patients are often cared for in dedicated burn units such as the Department of Defense referral burn center at the United States Army Institute of Surgical Research in San Antonio, TX. This review highlights the evidence-based recommendations using military and civilian data to provide the most comprehensive, up-to-date management strategies for burned casualties. Areas of emphasis include antimicrobial prophylaxis, debridement of devitalized tissue, topical antimicrobial therapy, and optimal time to wound coverage. C1 [D'Avignon, Laurie C.; Saffle, Jeffrey R.; Chung, Kevin K.; Cancio, Leopoldo C.] Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP D'Avignon, LC (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio Med Ctr, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM Laurie.Davignon@amedd.army.mil NR 113 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 5 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-5282 J9 J TRAUMA JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care PD MAR PY 2008 VL 64 IS 3 SU S BP S277 EP S286 DI 10.1097/TA.0b013e318163c3e4 PG 10 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA 276SY UT WOS:000254164300009 PM 18316972 ER PT J AU Hospenthal, DR Murray, CK Andersen, RC Blice, JP Calhoun, JH Cancio, LC Chung, KK Conger, NG Crouch, HK D'Avignon, LC Dunne, JR Ficke, JR Hate, RG Hayes, DK Hirsch, EF Hsu, JR Jenkins, DH Keeling, JJ Martin, R Moores, LE Petersen, K Saffle, JR Solomkin, JS Tasker, SA Valadka, AB Wiesen, AR Wortmann, GW Holcomb, JB AF Hospenthal, Duane R. Murray, Clinton K. Andersen, Romney C. Blice, Jeffrey P. Calhoun, Jason H. Cancio, Leopoldo C. Chung, Kevin K. Conger, Nicholas G. Crouch, Helen K. D'Avignon, Laurie C. Dunne, James R. Ficke, James R. Hate, Robert G. Hayes, David K. Hirsch, Erwin F. Hsu, Joseph R. Jenkins, Donald H. Keeling, John J. Martin, Russell Moores, Leon E. Petersen, Kyle Saffle, Jeffrey R. Solomkin, Joseph S. Tasker, Sybil A. Valadka, Alex B. Wiesen, Andrew R. Wortmann, Glenn W. Holcomb, John B. TI Guidelines for the prevention of infection after combat-related injuries SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Article DE combat; trauma; infection; guidelines ID OPERATION-IRAQI-FREEDOM; ACINETOBACTER INFECTION; ENDURING FREEDOM; CASUALTY CARE; WOUNDS; IMPACT; BATTLEFIELD; MARINES AB Management of combat-related trauma is derived from skills and data collected in past conflicts and civilian trauma, and from information and experience obtained during ongoing conflicts. The best methods to prevent infections associated with injuries observed in military combat are not fully established. Current methods to prevent infections in these types of injuries are derived primarily from controlled trials of elective surgery and civilian trauma as well as retrospective studies of civilian and military trauma interventions. The following guidelines integrate available evidence and expert opinion, from within and outside of the US military medical community, to provide guidance to US military health care providers (deployed and in permanent medical treatment facilities) in the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of infections in those individuals wounded in combat. These guidelines may be applicable to noncombat traumatic injuries under certain circumstances. Early wound cleansing and surgical debridement, antibiotics, bony stabilization, and maintenance of infection control measures are the essential components to diminish or prevent these infections. Future research should be directed at ideal treatment strategies for prevention of combat-related injury infections, including investigation of unique infection control techniques, more rapid diagnostic strategies for infection, and better defining the role of antimicrobial agents, including the appropriate spectrum of activity and duration. C1 [Hospenthal, Duane R.; Murray, Clinton K.; Crouch, Helen K.; D'Avignon, Laurie C.; Ficke, James R.; Hate, Robert G.; Hayes, David K.; Martin, Russell] Brooke Army Med Ctr, Infect Dis Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. [Blice, Jeffrey P.; Cancio, Leopoldo C.; Chung, Kevin K.] USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. [Andersen, Romney C.; Moores, Leon E.; Wortmann, Glenn W.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Blice, Jeffrey P.; Dunne, James R.; Keeling, John J.; Petersen, Kyle; Tasker, Sybil A.] Natl Naval Med Ctr, Bethesda, MD USA. [Calhoun, Jason H.] Univ Missouri, Sch Med, Columbia, MO USA. [Saffle, Jeffrey R.] Univ Utah, Salt Lake City, UT USA. [Solomkin, Joseph S.] Univ Cincinnati, Coll Med, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Valadka, Alex B.] Univ Texas Houston, Sch Med, Houston, TX USA. [Wiesen, Andrew R.] Madigan Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC USA. RP Hospenthal, DR (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Infect Dis Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM Duane.Hospenthal@amedd.army.mil NR 27 TC 38 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 5 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-5282 J9 J TRAUMA JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care PD MAR PY 2008 VL 64 IS 3 SU S BP S211 EP S220 DI 10.1097/TA.0b013e318163c421 PG 10 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA 276SY UT WOS:000254164300002 PM 18316965 ER PT J AU Murray, CK Hsu, JR Solomkin, JS Keeling, JJ Andersen, RC Ficke, JR Calhoun, JH AF Murray, Clinton K. Hsu, Joseph R. Solomkin, Joseph S. Keeling, John J. Andersen, Romney C. Ficke, James R. Calhoun, Jason H. TI Prevention and management of infections associated with combat-related extremity injuries SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Review DE combat; trauma; extremity; infection ID OPEN TIBIAL FRACTURES; OPERATION-ENDURING-FREEDOM; PRESSURE PULSATILE LAVAGE; DELAYED SURGICAL-TREATMENT; FEMORAL-SHAFT FRACTURES; EXTERNAL FIXATION; HUMERAL SHAFT; SOFT-TISSUE; WAR WOUNDS; INTERNAL-FIXATION AB Orthopedic injuries suffered by casualties during combat constitute approximately 65% of the total percentage of injuries and are evenly distributed between upper and lower extremities. The high-energy explosive injuries, environmental contamination, varying evacuation procedures, and progressive levels of medical care make managing combat-related injuries challenging. The goals of orthopedic injury management are to prevent infection, promote fracture healing, and restore function. It appears that 2% to 15% of combat-related extremity injuries develop osteomyelitis, although lower extremity injuries are at higher risk of infections than upper extremity. Management strategies of combat-related injuries primarily focus on early surgical debridement and stabilization, antibiotic administration, and delayed primary closure. Herein, we provide evidence-based recommendations from military and civilian data to the management of combat-related injuries of the extremity. Areas of emphasis include the utility of bacterial cultures, antimicrobial therapy, irrigation fluids and techniques, timing of surgical care, fixation, antibiotic impregnated beads, wound closure, and wound coverage with negative pressure wound therapy. Most of the recommendations are not supported by randomized controlled trials or adequate cohorts studies in a military population and further efforts are needed to answer best treatment strategies. C1 [Murray, Clinton K.; Hsu, Joseph R.; Solomkin, Joseph S.; Keeling, John J.; Andersen, Romney C.; Ficke, James R.; Calhoun, Jason H.] Brooke Army Med Ctr, Infect Dis Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Murray, CK (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Infect Dis Serv, 3851 Roger Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM Clinton.Murray@amedd.army.mil NR 149 TC 59 Z9 59 U1 0 U2 7 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-5282 J9 J TRAUMA JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care PD MAR PY 2008 VL 64 IS 3 SU S BP S239 EP S251 DI 10.1097/TA.0b013e318163cd14 PG 13 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA 276SY UT WOS:000254164300005 PM 18316968 ER PT J AU Murray, CK Hinkle, MK Yun, HC AF Murray, Clinton K. Hinkle, Mary K. Yun, Heather C. TI History of infections associated with combat-related injuries SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Article DE history; combat; infection ID KOREAN BATTLE CASUALTY; STATES MILITARY PERSONNEL; WAR WOUNDS; UNITED-STATES; BACTERIAL FLORA; ANAEROBIC INFECTIONS; MIDDLE-EAST; SURGICAL EXPERIENCE; PENETRATING WOUNDS; VIETNAM CONFLICT AB Despite the innumerable variations in war-making throughout the millennia, wounds have always been characterized by devitalized tissue, the presence of foreign bodies, clots, fluid collection, and contamination by microorganisms. Even in the postantibiotic era, infections of these wounds remain a significant contributor to both morbidity and mortality. Shifts in causal organisms and their resistance profiles continue to challenge each new generation of therapeutics. This article reviews the history of war wound infections, with an emphasis on wound microbiology and combat casualty management during US conflicts from World War I through the end of 20th century. C1 [Murray, Clinton K.; Hinkle, Mary K.; Yun, Heather C.] Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio Milit Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Murray, CK (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio Milit Med Ctr, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM Clinton.Murray@amedd.army.mil NR 94 TC 36 Z9 37 U1 1 U2 5 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-5282 J9 J TRAUMA JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care PD MAR PY 2008 VL 64 IS 3 SU S BP S221 EP S231 DI 10.1097/TA.0b013e318163c40b PG 11 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA 276SY UT WOS:000254164300003 PM 18316966 ER PT J AU Murray, CK AF Murray, Clinton K. TI Epidemiology of infections associated with combat-related injuries in Iraq and Afghanistan SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Article DE Iraq; Afghanistan; infection; combat ID OPERATION-ENDURING-FREEDOM; EXTREMITY VASCULAR INJURY; TRAUMATIC BRAIN-INJURY; US ARMY SOLDIERS; BALAD AIR BASE; WAR WOUNDS; ACINETOBACTER-BAUMANNII; UNITED-STATES; COMPLETE MANAGEMENT; MILITARY PERSONNEL AB Enhanced medical training of front line medical personnel, personal protective equipment, and the presence of far forward surgical assets have improved the survival of casualties in the current wars in Iraq and Afghanistan. As such, casualties are at higher risk of infectious complications of their injuries including sepsis, which was a noted killer of casualties in previous wars. During the current conflicts, military personnel who develop combat-related injuries are at substantial risk of developing infections with multidrug resistant bacteria. Herein, we describe the bacteriology of combat-related injuries in Operation Iraqi Freedom and Operation Enduring Freedom that develop infections with particular attention to injuries of the extremities, central nervous system, abdomen and thorax, head and neck, and burns. In addition, the likely sources of combat-related injuries with multidrug resistant bacteria infections are explored. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Infect Dis Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Murray, CK (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Infect Dis Serv, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM chnton.murray@amedd.army.mil NR 64 TC 47 Z9 52 U1 1 U2 10 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-5282 J9 J TRAUMA JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care PD MAR PY 2008 VL 64 IS 3 SU S BP S232 EP S238 DI 10.1097/TA.0b013e318163c3f5 PG 7 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA 276SY UT WOS:000254164300004 PM 18316967 ER PT J AU Wortmann, GW Valadka, AB Moores, LE AF Wortmann, Glenn W. Valadka, Alex B. Moores, Leon E. TI Prevention and management of infections associated with combat-related central nervous system injuries SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Article DE combat; trauma; central nervous system; infection ID PENETRATING CRANIOCEREBRAL INJURIES; MISSILE HEAD WOUNDS; OPERATION DESERT-STORM; IRAN-IRAQ WAR; GUNSHOT WOUNDS; BRAIN-ABSCESS; INTRACRANIAL INFECTION; MINIMAL DEBRIDEMENT; SURGICAL-TREATMENT; LEBANESE CONFLICT AB Combat-related injuries to the central nervous system (CNS) are of critical importance because of potential catastrophic outcomes. Although the overall infection rate of combat-related CNS injuries is less than 5%, if an infection develops there is a very high associated morbidity and mortality. This review focuses on the management and prevention of infections related to injuries to the brain or the spinal cord. Management strategies emphasize the importance of expert evaluation and management by a neurosurgeon. This review provides evidence-based recommendations from military and civilian data to the management of combat-related CNS injuries. Areas of focus include bacteria cultures, antimicrobial therapy, irrigation and debridement, timing of surgical care, and wound coverage. Given these recommendations are not supported by randomized control trials or adequate cohorts studies in a military population, further efforts are needed to answer best treatment strategies. C1 [Wortmann, Glenn W.; Valadka, Alex B.; Moores, Leon E.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Infect Dis Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Wortmann, GW (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Infect Dis Serv, 6900 Georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM GlennWortmann@amedd.army.mil NR 57 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-5282 J9 J TRAUMA JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care PD MAR PY 2008 VL 64 IS 3 SU S BP S252 EP S256 DI 10.1097/TA.0b013e318163d2b7 PG 5 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA 276SY UT WOS:000254164300006 PM 18316969 ER PT J AU Horvath, LL Murray, CK AF Horvath, Lynn L. Murray, Clinton K. TI Spontaneous splenic rupture due to Plasmodium vivax in a traveler SO JOURNAL OF TRAVEL MEDICINE LA English DT Letter ID MALARIA C1 [Horvath, Lynn L.; Murray, Clinton K.] Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Infect Dis Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Horvath, LL (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Infect Dis Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1195-1982 J9 J TRAVEL MED JI J. Travel Med. PD MAR-APR PY 2008 VL 15 IS 2 BP 140 EP 140 DI 10.1111/j.1708-8305.2008.00195_1.x PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 274SV UT WOS:000254022200016 PM 18346253 ER PT J AU Fulk, C Walkosz, W Chatterjee, A Ogut, S Grein, CH Chung, PW AF Fulk, C. Walkosz, W. Chatterjee, A. Ogut, S. Grein, C. H. Chung, P. W. TI First principles calculation of Stillinger-Weber potential parameters for InN SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY A LA English DT Article ID INDIUM NITRIDE; BAND-GAP; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; ELASTIC PROPERTIES; ALN; PRESSURES; STRAIN AB The compliance coefficients and Stillinger-Weber interatomic potential parameters of wurtzite InN were determined by first principles methods. The structural parameters of InN were calculated within the local density approximation of Ceperley-Alder and the generalized gradient approximation of Perdew-Wang exchange-correlation functionals. It was found that the shallow 4d electrons were required as part of the valence shell to obtain accurate results due to the large difference in electronegativity between In and N. The calculated compliance parameters were in good agreement with previously reported theoretical values and in fair agreement with the scattered experimental values. The ab initio results were then fitted to Stillinger-Weber potential forms. (C) 2008 American Vacuum Society. C1 [Fulk, C.; Chatterjee, A.; Ogut, S.; Grein, C. H.] EPIR Technol Inc, Bolingbrook, IL 60440 USA. [Walkosz, W.] Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. [Chung, P. W.] USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 20783 USA. RP Grein, CH (reprint author), EPIR Technol Inc, 590 Territorial Dr,Unit B, Bolingbrook, IL 60440 USA. EM grein@epir.com RI Ogut, Serdar/B-1749-2012 NR 24 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 7 PU A V S AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0734-2101 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL A JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A PD MAR-APR PY 2008 VL 26 IS 2 BP 193 EP 197 DI 10.1116/1.2830635 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 282CB UT WOS:000254544100003 ER PT J AU Quan, RW Gillespie, DL Stuart, RP Chang, AS Whittaker, DR Fox, CJ AF Quan, Reagan W. Gillespie, David L. Stuart, Rory P. Chang, Audrey S. Whittaker, David R. Fox, Charles J. TI The effect of vein repair on the risk of venous thromboembolic events: A review of more than 100 traumatic military venous injuries SO JOURNAL OF VASCULAR SURGERY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 19th Annual Meeting of the American-Venous-Forum CY FEB 14-17, 2007 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Venous Forum ID PULMONARY-EMBOLISM; MAJOR TRAUMA; MULTIPLE TRAUMA; THROMBOSIS; MANAGEMENT; ARTERIAL; LIGATION; HISTORY; SEPSIS AB Background: The management of venous trauma remains controversial. Critics of venous repair have cited an increased incidence of associated venous thromboembolic events with this management. We analyzed the current treatment of wartime venous injuries in United States military personnel in an effort to answer this question. Methods: From December 1, 2001, to October 31, 2005, all United States casualties with named venous injuries were evaluated. A retrospective review of a clinical database was performed on demographics, mechanism of injury, associated injuries, treatment, outcomes, and venous thromboembolic events. Data were analyzed using the Fisher exact test, analysis of variance, and logarithmic transformation. Results: During this 5-year period, 82 patients sustained 103 named venous injuries due to combat operations. All patients were male, with an average age of 27.9 years (range, 20.3-58.3 years). Blast injuries accounted for 54 venous injuries (65.9%), gunshot wounds for 25 (30.5%), and motor vehicle accidents for 3 (3.6%). The venous injury was isolated in 28 patients (34.1%), and 16 (19.5%) had multiple venous injuries. The venous injury in two patients was associated with acute phlegmasia, with fractures in 33 (40.2%), and 22 (28.1%) sustained neurologic deficits. Venous injuries were treated by ligation in 65 patients (63.1%) and by open surgical repair in 38 (36.9%). Postoperative extremity edema occurred in all patients irrespective of method of management. Thrombosis after venous repair occurred in six of the 38 cases (15.8%). Pulmonary emboli developed in three patients, one after open repair and two after ligation (P > .99). Conclusions: In the largest review of military venous trauma in more than three decades, we found no difference in the incidence of venous thromboembolic complications between venous injuries managed by open repair vs ligation. Blast injuries of the extremities have caused most of the venous injuries. Ligation is the most common modality of treatment in combat zones. Long-term morbidity associated with venous injuries and their management will be assessed in future follow-up studies. C1 [Quan, Reagan W.; Gillespie, David L.; Fox, Charles J.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Div Vasc & Endovasc Surg, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Chang, Audrey S.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Whittaker, David R.] Natl Naval Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Sect Vasc & Endovasc Surg, Washington, DC USA. [Quan, Reagan W.; Gillespie, David L.; Stuart, Rory P.; Fox, Charles J.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, F Edward Herbert Sch Med, Dept Surg, Div Vasc Surg, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Quan, RW (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Div Vasc & Endovasc Surg, 6900 Georgia Ave NW,Vasc Surg Clin Ward 94, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM reagan.quan@us.army.mil OI Gillespie, David/0000-0002-4378-9465 NR 41 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0741-5214 J9 J VASC SURG JI J. Vasc. Surg. PD MAR PY 2008 VL 47 IS 3 BP 571 EP 577 DI 10.1016/j.jvs.2007.10.056 PG 7 WC Surgery; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Surgery; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 266IW UT WOS:000253428700014 PM 18295108 ER PT J AU Blank, S AF Blank, Stephen TI Strategic rivalry in the Asia-Pacific theater: a new nuclear arms race? SO KOREAN JOURNAL OF DEFENSE ANALYSIS LA English DT Review AB While the progress to date on denuclearizing North Korea is encouraging, proclaiming the end of nuclear threats in Northeast Asia is premature. First, North Korea has lately been having second thoughts with regard to full disclosure of its nuclear holdings. Second, and more seriously, the deterioration of Russo-American relations over nuclear issues is not confined to a strictly European agenda. Issues arising out of the Bush administration's nuclear strategy that seem to expand the parameters for first-strike use by America, the future of the Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces (INF) treaty, and missile defenses in Asia in the context of revivified U.S. alliances in Asia have all appeared on the agenda and could lead to negative consequences for Asian security. Two potential consequences in particular could emerge. One Could be a nuclear arms race between Moscow and Washington, while another could see further movement toward the consolidation of a genuine Sino-Russian bloc in opposition to what Moscow and Beijing both see as a consolidation of such a bloc around missile defenses and the strengthening of the U.S. alliance system in Asia. C1 USA, War Coll, Strateg Studies Inst, Carlisle, PA USA. RP Blank, S (reprint author), USA, War Coll, Strateg Studies Inst, Carlisle, PA USA. EM Stephen.Blank@us.army.mil NR 110 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 6 PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXFORDSHIRE, ENGLAND SN 1016-3271 J9 KOREAN J DEF ANAL JI Korean J. Def. Anal. PD MAR PY 2008 VL 20 IS 1 BP 27 EP 46 DI 10.1080/10163270802006263 PG 20 WC International Relations SC International Relations GA 313NZ UT WOS:000256748600003 ER PT J AU Williams, PT Poole, MJ Katos, AM Hilmas, CJ AF Williams, Patrick T. Poole, Melissa J. Katos, Alexandre M. Hilmas, Corey J. TI A new device for the capture and transport of small nonhuman primates in scientific research SO LAB ANIMAL LA English DT Article ID RESTRAINT AB Conventional methods of capturing marmosets and other small nonhuman primates (NHPs) require prolonged physical contact between animals and their handlers. This causes NHPs to become stressed and exhausted and can put both animals and handlers at risk of injury or exposure to infectious diseases. The authors designed a self-contained device for the capture and transport of small NHPs. Food rewards encourage primates to enter the device independently, and handlers can then easily access the animals for routine veterinary or experimental procedures. Preliminary observations suggest that marmosets quickly become accustomed to the device and that the device causes less stress than capture by hand or by net. C1 [Poole, Melissa J.; Katos, Alexandre M.] USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ ORISE Maryland, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. [Williams, Patrick T.; Poole, Melissa J.; Katos, Alexandre M.; Hilmas, Corey J.] USA, Neurobehav Toxicol Branch, Anal Toxicol Div, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Hilmas, CJ (reprint author), USA, Neurobehav Toxicol Branch, Anal Toxicol Div, 3100 Ricketts Point Rd,APG EA, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM corey.john.hilnias@us.army.mil NR 12 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK STREET, 9TH FLOOR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 0093-7355 J9 LAB ANIMAL JI Lab Anim. PD MAR PY 2008 VL 37 IS 3 BP 116 EP 119 DI 10.1038/laban0308-116 PG 4 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 270MF UT WOS:000253724200007 PM 18292773 ER PT J AU Burgess, EB AF Burgess, Edwin B. TI The candy bombers: The untold story of the Berlin airlift and America's finest hour SO LIBRARY JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review C1 [Burgess, Edwin B.] USA Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS 66027 USA. RP Burgess, EB (reprint author), USA Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS 66027 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU REED BUSINESS INFORMATION PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0363-0277 J9 LIBR J JI Libr. J. PD MAR 1 PY 2008 VL 133 IS 4 BP 90 EP 90 PG 1 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA 269AQ UT WOS:000253622300142 ER PT J AU Pikosky, MA Smith, TJ Grediagin, A Castaneda-Sceppa, C Byerley, L Glickman, EL Young, AJ AF Pikosky, Matthew A. Smith, Tracey J. Grediagin, Ann Castaneda-Sceppa, Carmen Byerley, Lauri Glickman, Ellen L. Young, Andrew J. TI Increased protein maintains nitrogen balance during exercise-induced energy deficit SO MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE LA English DT Article DE protein metabolism; protein intake; negative energy balance; stable isotopes ID DIETARY-PROTEIN; BODY-COMPOSITION; ADULT WOMEN; WEIGHT-LOSS; WHOLE-BODY; YOUNG MEN; METABOLISM; GLUCOSE; LEUCINE; PROTEOLYSIS AB Purpose: This study examined how a high-protein diet affected nitrogen balance and protein turnover during an exercise-induced energy deficit. Methods: Twenty-two men completed a 4-d (D1-4) baseline period (BL) of an energy balance diet while maintaining usual physical activity level, followed by 7d(D5-11)of 1000 kcal.d(-1) increased energy expenditure via exercise (50-65% VO2peak). One group consumed 0.9 g of protein per kilogram per day and maintained energy balance throughout the 11-d intervention (BAL, N = 8). The other two groups consumed their BL energy intake throughout the I I days, resulting in a 7-d, 1000-kcal.d(-1) energy deficit. These groups consumed either 0.9 g of protein per kilogram per day (DEF, N = 7) or 1.8 g of protein per kilogram per day (DEF-HP, N = 7). Mean nitrogen balance (NB), calculated per kilogram of fat-free mass (FFM), was determined for BL, days 5-8 (EX1), and days 9-11 (EX2). Whole-body protein turnover was derived from phenylalanine and tyrosine kinetics assessed while fasting at rest on days 4, 7, and 12, using a priming dose of L-[ring-N-15]tyrosine and a 4-h, primed, continuous infusion of L-[N-15]phenylalanine and L-[ring-H-2(4)]tyrosine. Results: DEF experienced a decrease in NB from BL to EX 1 that was maintained in EX 2. No changes in NB occurred for BAL or DEF-HP over time. No within- or between-group differences were found over time for Phe flux (Q(p)), conversion rate of Phe to Tyr (Q(pt)), or the derived protein synthesis value (S-p). Conclusion: Increased dietary protein maintained NB during exercise-induced energy deficit, but this did not impact resting whole-body protein turnover. C1 [Pikosky, Matthew A.; Smith, Tracey J.; Grediagin, Ann; Glickman, Ellen L.; Young, Andrew J.] USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Military Nutr Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. [Byerley, Lauri] Univ N Carolina, Charlotte, NC 28223 USA. [Castaneda-Sceppa, Carmen] Tufts Univ, USDA, Human Nutr Res Ctr Aging, Boston, MA 02111 USA. RP Young, AJ (reprint author), USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Military Nutr Div, Kansas St,Bldg 42, Natick, MA 01760 USA. EM Andrew.j.young@us.army.mil NR 29 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0195-9131 J9 MED SCI SPORT EXER JI Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. PD MAR PY 2008 VL 40 IS 3 BP 505 EP 512 DI 10.1249/mss.0b013e31815f6643 PG 8 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA 264LV UT WOS:000253289700016 PM 18379214 ER PT J AU Genge, MJ Engrand, C Gounelle, M Taylor, S AF Genge, M. J. Engrand, C. Gounelle, M. Taylor, S. TI The classification of micrometeorites SO METEORITICS & PLANETARY SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID INTERPLANETARY DUST PARTICLES; DEEP-SEA SPHERULES; STONY COSMIC SPHERULES; ANTARCTIC MICROMETEORITES; ATMOSPHERIC ENTRY; GRAINED MICROMETEORITES; REFRACTORY INCLUSIONS; ELEMENTAL COMPOSITION; ISOTOPIC COMPOSITIONS; HISTORICAL RECORDS AB Due to their small size, the mineralogical and chemical properties of micrometeorites (MMs) are not representative of their parent bodies on the centimeter to meter scales that are used to define parent body groups through the petrological Study of meteorites. Identifying which groups Of MM are derived From the same type of parent body is problematic and requires particles to be rigorously grouped on the basis of mineralogical, textural, and chemical properties that reflect the fundamental genetic differences between meteorite parent bodies, albeit with minimal bias towards preconceived genetic models. Specifically, the interpretation of MMs requires a rigorous and meaningful classification scheme. At present the classification of MMs is, however, at best ambiguous. A unified petrological-chemical classification scheme is proposed in the current Study and is based on observations of several thousand MMs collected from Antarctic ice. C1 [Genge, M. J.] Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, IARC, Dept Earth Sci & Engn, London SW7 2AZ, England. [Genge, M. J.] Nat Hist Museum, London SW7 2BT, England. [Engrand, C.; Gounelle, M.] Univ Paris 11, Ctr Spectrometrie Nucl & Spectrometrie Masse, CNRS, IN2P3, F-91405 Orsay, France. [Taylor, S.] USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Genge, MJ (reprint author), Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, IARC, Dept Earth Sci & Engn, Exhibit Rd, London SW7 2AZ, England. EM m.genge@imperial.ac.uk NR 83 TC 84 Z9 86 U1 2 U2 22 PU METEORITICAL SOC PI FAYETTEVILLE PA DEPT CHEMISTRY/BIOCHEMISTRY, UNIV ARKANSAS, FAYETTEVILLE, AR 72701 USA SN 1086-9379 J9 METEORIT PLANET SCI JI Meteorit. Planet. Sci. PD MAR PY 2008 VL 43 IS 3 BP 497 EP 515 PG 19 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 339GQ UT WOS:000258566500005 ER PT J AU Toman, MJM AF Toman, Major Joshua M. TI Time to kill: Euthanizing the requirement for presidential approval of military death sentences to restore finality of legal review SO MILITARY LAW REVIEW LA English DT Review ID CAPITAL LITIGATION; UNITED-STATES; PENALTY; JURISDICTION; STANDARDS; COURTS; POWER C1 USA, Legal Serv Agcy, Litigat Div, Mil Pers Branch, Arlington, VA USA. RP Toman, MJM (reprint author), USA, Legal Serv Agcy, Litigat Div, Mil Pers Branch, Arlington, VA USA. NR 142 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU JUDGE ADVOCATE GENERALS SCHOOL PI CHARLOTTESVILLE PA US ARMY, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22903-1781 USA SN 0026-4040 J9 MIL LAW REV JI Milit. Law Rev. PD SPR PY 2008 VL 195 BP 1 EP 90 PG 90 WC Law SC Government & Law GA 326RM UT WOS:000257676600001 ER PT J AU Finnegan, P AF Finnegan, Patrick TI Thirty-sixth Kenneth J. Hodson lecture on criminal law SO MILITARY LAW REVIEW LA English DT Article C1 US Mil Acad, West Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Finnegan, P (reprint author), US Mil Acad, West Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 2 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU JUDGE ADVOCATE GENERALS SCHOOL PI CHARLOTTESVILLE PA US ARMY, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22903-1781 USA SN 0026-4040 J9 MIL LAW REV JI Milit. Law Rev. PD SPR PY 2008 VL 195 BP 190 EP 202 PG 13 WC Law SC Government & Law GA 326RM UT WOS:000257676600004 ER PT J AU Jones, DE Perkins, K Cook, JH Ong, AL AF Jones, David E. Perkins, Kenneth Cook, Jeffrey H. Ong, Adeline L. TI Intensive coping skills training to reduce anxiety and depression for forward-deployed troops SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article AB This study provides descriptive information and 2-year outcome data on the first intensive, outpatient, coping skills training program for forward-deployed troops in the Western Pacific Ocean region. Established in February 2003 by the Mental Health Department of the U.S. Naval Hospital in Okinawa, Japan, the Outpatient Crisis Prevention Program was designed as a multidisciplinary training program to reduce anxiety and depression and to enhance the coping skills of active duty personnel. This study describes the rationale for creating the program, the patient population, and treatment outcome data collected during the first 2 years. The Beck Depression Inventory II and the Beck Anxiety Inventory were administered as pretraining and posttraining measures to patients who completed the program between February 2003 and February 2005 (N = 326). Results revealed that the Outpatient Crisis Prevention Program was effective in reducing depression and anxiety symptoms and promoting healthy coping behaviors among participants. Follow-up data indicated that gains were maintained 1 month after treatment. C1 [Jones, David E.] USN, Med Ctr Portsmouth, Dept Psychol, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA. [Perkins, Kenneth] Harbor Behav Care Inst, Brooksville, FL 34609 USA. [Cook, Jeffrey H.] Natl Naval Med Ctr Bethesda, Behav Hlth Care, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA. [Ong, Adeline L.] Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Psychol, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. RP Jones, DE (reprint author), USN, Med Ctr Portsmouth, Dept Psychol, Portsmouth, VA 23708 USA. NR 12 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 1 PU ASSOC MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD MAR PY 2008 VL 173 IS 3 BP 241 EP 246 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 273MD UT WOS:000253934100004 PM 18419025 ER PT J AU Marble, WS AF Marble, William Sanders TI Medical support for Pershing's Punitive Expedition in Mexico, 1916-1917 SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article AB Pershing's Punitive Expedition had adequate medical support despite deliberately limited in-theater resources. The few casualties did not strain the inadequate number of forward providers. Preventive medicine was highly successful due to significant medical and command emphasis. New technologies were useful and helped minimize the medical footprint. National Guard troops mobilized to support the Expedition had troublesome medical readiness rates. C1 USA, Off Surg Gen, Off Med Hist, Falls Church, VA 22041 USA. RP Marble, WS (reprint author), USA, Off Surg Gen, Off Med Hist, 5111 Leesburg Pike,Suite 401B, Falls Church, VA 22041 USA. NR 20 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD MAR PY 2008 VL 173 IS 3 BP 287 EP 292 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 273MD UT WOS:000253934100011 PM 18419032 ER PT J AU Johnson, EK Judge, T Lundy, J Meyermann, M AF Johnson, Eric K. Judge, Timothy Lundy, Jonathan Meyermann, Mark TI Diagnostic pelvic computed tomography in the rectal-injured combat casualty SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID PENETRATING TORSO TRAUMA; GUNSHOT WOUNDS; MANAGEMENT; ABDOMEN AB Background: The current standard for evaluating trauma patients for penetrating rectal injury is to perform a rigid proctoscopy. This can be laborious and inaccurate. Injuries are often not visualized and a small number of unnecessary colostomies may be created. Computed tomography (CT) scanning of the pelvis may be useful in identifying penetrating rectal injuries. Study Design: A retrospective analysis was performed on data regarding all casualties admitted to the 10th Combat Support Hospital during the period of November 2005 through March 2006. Nineteen patients were identified. Patients that were hemodynamically stable underwent preoperative CT scanning. All rectal injuries diagnosed preoperatively were confirmed through a different diagnostic modality in the OR. Results: Nineteen patients with rectal injury or suspected rectal injury were identified. Eight of the 19 were hemodynamically unstable in the emergency medical treatment area and were taken emergently to surgery. For discussion, only stable patients with gunshot wound or blast/fragmentation injury mechanisms were included. No injuries were missed by CT scanning, but there were two false-positive scans. Conclusions: In our brief experience, CT scanning was a useful screening tool to assist in identifying patients with penetrating traumatic rectal injuries. It allowed us to improve triage and make effective use of limited operative resources. C1 [Johnson, Eric K.; Judge, Timothy; Lundy, Jonathan] Dwight D Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. [Meyermann, Mark] William Beaumont Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Ft Bliss, TX 79916 USA. RP Johnson, EK (reprint author), Dwight D Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, 300 Hosp Rd, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. NR 14 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASSOC MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD MAR PY 2008 VL 173 IS 3 BP 293 EP 299 PG 7 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 273MD UT WOS:000253934100012 PM 18419033 ER PT J AU Boldt, SJ Camp, KM Dobson, NR Berry, GT AF Boldt, S. J. Camp, K. M. Dobson, N. R. Berry, G. T. TI Elevated ferritin in classic galactosemia - A sequela of liver disease or a "New" association with hypoglycosylated transferrin? SO MOLECULAR GENETICS AND METABOLISM LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Inherited-Metabolic-Disorders (SIMD 2008) CY MAR 02-05, 2008 CL Pacific Grove, CA SP Soc Inherited Metabol Disorders C1 [Boldt, S. J.] Natl Capital Consortium Pediat Residency Program, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA. [Camp, K. M.; Dobson, N. R.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Berry, G. T.] Childrens Hosp, Dept Pediat, Div Genet, Boston, MA 02215 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1096-7192 J9 MOL GENET METAB JI Mol. Genet. Metab. PD MAR PY 2008 VL 93 IS 3 MA 12 BP 242 EP 243 PG 2 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Genetics & Heredity; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Genetics & Heredity; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 268TU UT WOS:000253603300033 ER PT J AU Camp, KM Goldman, M Sparks, S AF Camp, K. M. Goldman, M. Sparks, S. TI A novel mutation identified in a patient with clinical features of hyper IgD syndrome (HIDS). SO MOLECULAR GENETICS AND METABOLISM LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Inherited-Metabolic-Disorders (SIMD 2008) CY MAR 02-05, 2008 CL Pacific Grove, CA SP Soc Inherited Metabol Disorders C1 [Camp, K. M.; Goldman, M.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Sparks, S.] Childrens Natl Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20010 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1096-7192 J9 MOL GENET METAB JI Mol. Genet. Metab. PD MAR PY 2008 VL 93 IS 3 MA 81 BP 262 EP 263 PG 2 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Genetics & Heredity; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Genetics & Heredity; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 268TU UT WOS:000253603300101 ER PT J AU Owuor, B Odhiambo, CO Otieno, WO Adhiambo, C Makawiti, DW Stoute, JA AF Owuor, Boaz Odhiambo, Collins O. Otieno, Walter O. Adhiambo, Christine Makawiti, Dominic W. Stoute, Jose A. TI Reduced immune complex binding capacity and increased complement lesusceptibility of red cells from children with severe malaria-associated anemia SO MOLECULAR MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM MALARIA; COOMBS ANTIGLOBULIN REACTIONS; REGULATORY PROTEINS; GAMBIAN CHILDREN; ERYTHROCYTES; PHAGOCYTOSIS; ERYTHROPHAGOCYTOSIS; SPECIFICITY; ACTIVATION; RECEPTOR-1 AB Plasmodium falciparum malaria causes 1-2 million deaths per year. Most deaths occur as a result of complications such as severe anemia and cerebral malaria (CM) (coma). Red cells of children with severe malaria-associated anemia (SMA) have acquired deficiencies in the complement regulatory proteins complement receptor 1 (CRI, CD35) and decay accelerating factor (DAF, CD55). We investigated whether these deficiencies affect the ability of erythrocytes to bind immune complexes (ICs) and regulate complement activation. We recruited 75 children with SMA (Hb <= 6 g/dL) from the holoendemic malaria region of the Lake Victoria basin, western Kenya, and 74 age- and gender-matched uncomplicated malaria controls. In addition, we recruited 32 children with CM and 52 age- and gender-matched controls. Deficiencies in red cell CRI and CD55 in children with SMA were accompanied by a marked decline in IC binding capacity and increased C3b deposition in vivo and ex vivo. Importantly, these changes were specific because they were not seen in red cells of children with CM or their controls. These data suggest that the declines in red cell CRI and CD55 seen in children with SMA are of physiologic significance and may predispose erythrocytes to complement-mediated damage and phagocytosis in vivo. C1 [Owuor, Boaz; Odhiambo, Collins O.; Otieno, Walter O.; Adhiambo, Christine; Stoute, Jose A.] Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Nairobi, Kenya. [Owuor, Boaz; Makawiti, Dominic W.] Univ Nairobi, Dept Biochem, Fac Med, Nairobi, Kenya. [Stoute, Jose A.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Cellular Injury, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. [Stoute, Jose A.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Med, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Stoute, JA (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Cellular Injury, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. EM jose.stoute@us.army.mil FU FIC NIH HHS [1D43 TW06239, D43 TW006239]; NHLBI NIH HHS [R01 HL7502] NR 35 TC 24 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 1 PU FEINSTEIN INST MED RES PI MANHASSET PA 350 COMMUNITY DR, MANHASSET, NY 11030 USA SN 1076-1551 J9 MOL MED JI Mol. Med. PD MAR-APR PY 2008 VL 14 IS 3-4 BP 89 EP 97 DI 10.2119/2007-00093.Owuor PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 273NV UT WOS:000253938700001 PM 18317566 ER PT J AU Kiang, JG Krishnan, S Lu, X Li, Y AF Kiang, Juliann G. Krishnan, Sandeep Lu, Xinyue Li, Yansong TI Inhibition of inducible nitric-oxide synthase protects human T cells from hypoxia-induced apoptosis SO MOLECULAR PHARMACOLOGY LA English DT Article ID DENSITY-LIPOPROTEIN OXIDATION; HEMORRHAGE-INDUCED INCREASES; ISCHEMIA-REPERFUSION; LIPID-PEROXIDATION; NO SYNTHASE; TYROSINE PHOSPHORYLATION; NA+/CA2+ EXCHANGER; EXPRESSION; SHOCK; ACTIVATION AB Sodium cyanide-induced chemical hypoxia triggers a series of biochemical alterations leading to apoptosis in many cell types, including T cells. It is known that chemical hypoxia promotes inducible nitric-oxide synthase ( iNOS) gene transcription by activating its transcription factors. To determine whether iNOS and NO production are responsible for chemical hypoxia-induced apoptosis, we exposed human Jurkat T cells to sodium cyanide in the presence or absence of iNOS inhibitors. We found that iNOS expression is necessary for hypoxia-induced lipid peroxidation and leukotriene B 4 generation. The inhibition of iNOS limited T-cell apoptosis by decreasing the activity of caspase-3 without affecting the expression of Fas/Apo-1/CD95 on the surface membrane of T cells. These data suggest iNOS-mediated NO produced endogenously in the T cell alters overall T-cell function and results in apoptosis. Proper control of iNOS expressed in the T cell may represent a useful approach to immunomodulation. C1 [Kiang, Juliann G.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Armed Forces Radiobiol Res Inst, Dept Radiat Biol Pharmacol & Med, Bethesda, MD USA. [Krishnan, Sandeep] Washington Hosp Ctr, Dept Internal Med, Washington, DC 20010 USA. [Lu, Xinyue; Li, Yansong] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Cellular Injury, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP Kiang, JG (reprint author), Armed Forces Radiobiol Res Inst, 8901 Wisconsin Ave, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA. EM kiang@afrri.usuhs.mil NR 41 TC 15 Z9 19 U1 2 U2 3 PU AMER SOC PHARMACOLOGY EXPERIMENTAL THERAPEUTICS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3995 USA SN 0026-895X J9 MOL PHARMACOL JI Mol. Pharmacol. PD MAR PY 2008 VL 73 IS 3 BP 738 EP 747 DI 10.1124/mol.107.041079 PG 10 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 266OE UT WOS:000253444900015 PM 18079278 ER PT J AU Westerink, JJ Luettich, RA Feyen, JC Atkinson, JH Dawson, C Roberts, HJ Powell, MD Dunion, JP Kubatko, EJ Pourtaheri, H AF Westerink, Joannes J. Luettich, Richard A. Feyen, Jesse C. Atkinson, John H. Dawson, Clint Roberts, Hugh J. Powell, Mark D. Dunion, Jason P. Kubatko, Ethan J. Pourtaheri, Hasan TI A basin- to channel-scale unstructured grid hurricane storm surge model applied to southern Louisiana SO MONTHLY WEATHER REVIEW LA English DT Article ID SHALLOW-WATER EQUATIONS; SURFACE WIND FIELDS; WAVE CONTINUITY EQUATION; ANDREW LANDFALL; DATA SET; SIMULATIONS; FLORIDA; SYSTEM; TIDE; FLOW AB Southern Louisiana is characterized by low-lying topography and an extensive network of sounds, bays, marshes, lakes, rivers, and inlets that permit widespread inundation during hurricanes. A basin- to channel-scale implementation of the Advanced Circulation (ADCIRC) unstructured grid hydrodynamic model has been developed that accurately simulates hurricane storm surge, tides, and river flow in this complex region. This is accomplished by defining a domain and computational resolution appropriate for the relevant processes, specifying realistic boundary conditions, and implementing accurate, robust, and highly parallel unstructured grid numerical algorithms. The model domain incorporates the western North Atlantic, the Gulf of Mexico, and the Caribbean Sea so that interactions between basins and the shelf are explicitly modeled and the boundary condition specification of tidal and hurricane processes can be readily defined at the deep water open boundary. The unstructured grid enables highly refined resolution of the complex overland region for modeling localized scales of flow while minimizing computational cost. Kinematic data assimilative or validated dynamic-modeled wind fields provide the hurricane wind and pressure field forcing. Wind fields are modified to incorporate directional boundary layer changes due to overland increases in surface roughness, reduction in effective land roughness due to inundation, and sheltering due to forested canopies. Validation of the model is achieved through hindcasts of Hurricanes Betsy and Andrew. A model skill assessment indicates that the computed peak storm surge height has a mean absolute error of 0.30 m. C1 [Westerink, Joannes J.; Feyen, Jesse C.; Atkinson, John H.; Roberts, Hugh J.; Kubatko, Ethan J.] Univ Notre Dame, Dept Civil Engn & Geol Sci, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. [Luettich, Richard A.] Univ N Carolina, Inst Marine Sci, Chapel Hill, NC USA. [Dawson, Clint] Univ Texas Austin, Inst Computat Engn & Sci, Austin, TX 78712 USA. [Powell, Mark D.] NOAA, Hurricane Res Div, Miami, FL USA. [Powell, Mark D.] Univ Miami, NOAA, Cooperat Inst Marine & Atmospher Studies, Miami, FL 33152 USA. [Pourtaheri, Hasan] USA, Corps Engineers, New Orleans, LA USA. RP Westerink, JJ (reprint author), Univ Notre Dame, Dept Civil Engn & Geol Sci, 156 Fitzpatrick Hall, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. EM jjw@photius.ce.nd.edu RI Powell, Mark/I-4963-2013; Dunion, Jason/B-1352-2014 OI Powell, Mark/0000-0002-4890-8945; Dunion, Jason/0000-0001-7489-0569 NR 49 TC 153 Z9 159 U1 3 U2 26 PU AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI BOSTON PA 45 BEACON ST, BOSTON, MA 02108-3693 USA SN 0027-0644 J9 MON WEATHER REV JI Mon. Weather Rev. PD MAR PY 2008 VL 136 IS 3 BP 833 EP 864 DI 10.1175/2007MWR1946.1 PG 32 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 286FF UT WOS:000254830700004 ER PT J AU Okulicz, JF Rivard, RG Conger, NG Nguyen, MX Hospenthal, DR AF Okulicz, J. F. Rivard, R. G. Conger, N. G. Nguyen, M. X. Hospenthal, D. R. TI Primary isolation of Candida species from urine specimens using chromogenic medium SO MYCOSES LA English DT Article DE candiduria; chromogenic medium; diagnosis; Candida; yeast; urine ID BLOOD-STREAM INFECTIONS; CHROMAGAR CANDIDA; SURGICAL-PATIENTS; EPIDEMIOLOGY; SURVEILLANCE; ASSOCIATION; ALBICANS AB CHROMagar Candida (CaC) is a chromogenic medium that can be used to detect Candida species, including Candida albicans, Candida krusei, Candida tropicalis, and perhaps Candida glabrata. We evaluated the utility of CaC to detect candiduria in high-risk patients and the potential usefulness of this information in directing initial antifungal therapy in those later identified with candidaemia. CaC was compared in parallel to standard laboratory methods (SM) for the detection of Candida from urine collected from high-risk units and wards. Of 893 samples, Candida was recovered by CaC from 104 compared with 35 using SM. No isolates detected by SM were undetected by CaC. More than one Candida species were recovered by CaC in 19 of the 104 (18.3%); only two mixed cultures were detected by SM. The identification was more rapid with CaC. Five of 69 patients with candiduria detected by CaC developed candidaemia on or after the date of urine culture. SM recovered fungus in only two of these patients. CaC can be used as primary media for the detection of Candida species from urine specimens. Primary isolation by CaC may enable clinicians to make earlier, directed selection of antifungal agents and potentially reduce patient morbidity and mortality. C1 [Rivard, R. G.; Hospenthal, D. R.] Brooke Army Med Ctr, Infect Dis Serv, Dept Med, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. [Okulicz, J. F.; Conger, N. G.] Lackland AFB, Wilford Hall Med Ctr, Dept Infect Dis, San Antonio, TX USA. [Nguyen, M. X.] Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. [Nguyen, M. X.] Brooke Army Med Ctr, Area Lab Support, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Hospenthal, DR (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Infect Dis Serv, Dept Med, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM duane.hospenthal@amedd.army.mil NR 13 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0933-7407 J9 MYCOSES JI Mycoses PD MAR PY 2008 VL 51 IS 2 BP 141 EP 146 DI 10.1111/j.1439-0507.2007.01456.x PG 6 WC Dermatology; Mycology SC Dermatology; Mycology GA 257QJ UT WOS:000252813300009 PM 18254751 ER PT J AU Harrison, SA AF Harrison, S. A. TI Is the FIBROSpect II (R) index effective for determining the stage of fibrosis in patients with chronic hepatitis C? SO NATURE CLINICAL PRACTICE GASTROENTEROLOGY & HEPATOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material DE FIBROSpect II (R); hepatitis C; hepatic fibrosis; liver biopsy; severity ID PANEL C1 [Harrison, S. A.] Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Gastroenterol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. [Harrison, S. A.] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. RP Harrison, SA (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Gastroenterol, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM stephen.harrison@amedd.army.mil NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK STREET, 9TH FLOOR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1743-4378 J9 NAT CLIN PRACT GASTR JI Nat. Clin. Pract. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. PD MAR PY 2008 VL 5 IS 3 BP 138 EP 139 DI 10.1038/ncpgasthep1035 PG 2 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 268MB UT WOS:000253582800008 PM 18087299 ER PT J AU Hellman, M Jett, M Hammamieh, R AF Hellman, Matthew Jett, Marti Hammamieh, Rasha TI Excel2SVM: A stand-alone python tool for data analysis via support vector machines SO OMICS-A JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE BIOLOGY LA English DT Article AB The creation of classification kernel models to categorize unknown data samples of massive magnitude is an extremely advantageous tool for the scientific community. Excel2SVM, a stand-alone Python mathematical analysis tool, bridges the gap between researchers and computer science to create a simple graphical user interface that allows users to examine data and perform maximal margin classification. This valuable ability to train support vector machines and classify unknown data files is harnessed in this fast and efficient software, granting researchers full access to this complicated, high-level algorithm. Excel2SVM offers the ability to convert data to the proper sparse format while performing a variety of kernel functions along with cost factors/modes, grids, crossvalidation, and several other functions. This program functions with any type of quantitative data making Excel2SVM the ideal tool for analyzing a wide variety of input. The software is free and available at www.bioinformatics.org/excel2svm. A link to the software may also be found at www.kernel-machines.org. This software provides a useful graphical user interface that has proven to provide kernel models with accurate results and data classification through a decision boundary. C1 [Hellman, Matthew; Jett, Marti; Hammamieh, Rasha] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Hellman, M (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM Matthew.Hellman@duke.edu NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1536-2310 J9 OMICS JI OMICS PD MAR PY 2008 VL 12 IS 1 BP 93 EP 98 DI 10.1089/omi.2007.0044 PG 6 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity GA 275JD UT WOS:000254066800007 PM 18266562 ER PT J AU Yin, SS Kim, JH Zhan, C An, JW Lee, J Ruffin, P Edwards, E Brantley, C Luo, C AF Yin, Stuart Shizhuo Kim, JaeHun Zhan, Chun An, JunWon Lee, Jon Ruffin, Paul Edwards, Eugene Brantley, Christina Luo, Claire TI Supercontinuum generation in single crystal sapphire fibers SO OPTICS COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article ID OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY; CONTINUUM; DISPERSION; LIGHT; INDEX; LASER AB In this paper, we report supercontinuum generation by launching ultra-short femtosecond laser pulses into single crystal sapphire fibers. The major advantages of using sapphire fiber for supercontinuum generation are: (1) high transparency up to 5 mu m, (2) low material dispersion in the 0.8-5 mu m spectral range, and (3) a higher laser damage threshold (500 times higher than that of silica). Thus, a very high power, super broadband [from visible to middle IR (up to 5 mu m)], supercontinuum source can be realized by employing sapphire fiber for supercontinuum generation. Our experimental results also confirm that sapphire fiber can offer a broader supercontinuum spectrum than that of bulk sapphire counterpart under the same exciting conditions. This work opens the door to new opportunities in generating high power supercontinuum radiation (in particular, at the middle-IR regime), and will have a great impact on many applications, including sensing and broadband multi-spectrum free space communications. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Yin, Stuart Shizhuo; Kim, JaeHun; Zhan, Chun; An, JunWon; Lee, Jon] Penn State Univ, Dept Elect Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Ruffin, Paul; Edwards, Eugene; Brantley, Christina] USA, Aviat & Missile Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Washington, DC 20310 USA. RP Yin, SS (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Elect Engn, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM sxy105@psu.edu OI Kim, Jae-Hun/0000-0001-6537-0350 NR 26 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 2 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0030-4018 J9 OPT COMMUN JI Opt. Commun. PD MAR 1 PY 2008 VL 281 IS 5 BP 1113 EP 1117 DI 10.1016/j.optcom.2007.10.099 PG 5 WC Optics SC Optics GA 256XJ UT WOS:000252762900030 ER PT J AU Custer, M Waller, K Vernon, S O'Rourke, K AF Custer, Michael Waller, Kim Vernon, Sally O'Rourke, Kathleen TI Unintended pregnancy rates among a US military population SO PAEDIATRIC AND PERINATAL EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE unintended pregnancy; maternal education; army rank; marital status ID UNITED-STATES AB Unintended pregnancy among military women influences their lives and has implications for troop readiness and deployment. The purpose of this study was to identify the prevalence of unintended pregnancy in the US Army and assess the variables associated with unintended pregnancy. Using a cross-sectional design, 212 female soldiers who delivered viable infants at Darnall Army Community Hospital, Fort Hood, Texas from 1 June 1998 to 6 October 1998 completed a self-administered survey on pregnancy intention and sociodemographic factors. Approximately 35% of the infants were intended, 51% were unintended and 14% were ambivalent, resulting in 65% not intended, a rate consistent with the upper level of civilian communities. Factors associated univariably with unintended pregnancy included being unmarried, being in the lower enlisted rank, having less than a college degree, and living in the barracks. This study shows the importance of developing programmes and policies that address pregnancy among military personnel. C1 [Custer, Michael] USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Directorate Hlth Promot & Wellness, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. [Waller, Kim; Vernon, Sally] Univ Texas Houston, Hlth Sci Ctr, Sch Publ Hlth, Houston, TX USA. [O'Rourke, Kathleen] Univ S Florida, Lawton & Rhea Chiles Res Ctr, Tampa, FL USA. RP Custer, M (reprint author), USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Directorate Hlth Promot & Wellness, 5158 Blackhawk Rd, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM michael.custer@na.amedd.army.mil NR 12 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 4 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0269-5022 J9 PAEDIATR PERINAT EP JI Paediatr. Perinat. Epidemiol. PD MAR PY 2008 VL 22 IS 2 BP 195 EP 200 DI 10.1111/j.1365-3016.2007.00896.x PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Pediatrics SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Obstetrics & Gynecology; Pediatrics GA 267BM UT WOS:000253483300012 PM 18298695 ER PT J AU Arnett, MV Fraser, SL McFadden, PE AF Arnett, Michael V. Fraser, Susan L. McFadden, Phyllis E. TI Non-O1 Vibrio cholerae epidural brain infection in a 12-year-old boy after a depressed skull fracture SO PEDIATRIC INFECTIOUS DISEASE JOURNAL LA English DT Letter ID MENINGITIS; INFANT C1 [Arnett, Michael V.; McFadden, Phyllis E.] Tripler Army Med Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. [Fraser, Susan L.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Arnett, MV (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. NR 5 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0891-3668 J9 PEDIATR INFECT DIS J JI Pediatr. Infect. Dis. J. PD MAR PY 2008 VL 27 IS 3 BP 284 EP 285 PG 2 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Pediatrics GA 269PN UT WOS:000253661500024 PM 18277914 ER PT J AU Xu, W Folkes, PA Gumbs, G Zeng, Z Zhang, C AF Xu, W. Folkes, P. A. Gumbs, G. Zeng, Z. Zhang, C. TI Electronic subband structure of InAs/GaSb-based type II and broken-gap quantum well systems SO PHYSICA E-LOW-DIMENSIONAL SYSTEMS & NANOSTRUCTURES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 17th International Conference on Electronic Properties of Two-Dimensional Systems CY JUL 15-20, 2007 CL Genoa, ITALY SP European Off Aerosp Res & Dev, Air Force Off Sci Res, USAF Res Lab, Off Naval Res Global, Int Union Pure & Appl Phys, Scuola Normale Superiore Pisa, Int Ctr Theoret Phys, Oxford Instruments, Off Naval Res, Natl Enterprise NanoSci & NanoTechnol CNR INFM, Fondazione Carige Genova DE electronic subband structure; type II quantum well; InAs/GaSb heterostructure AB We present a simple theoretical approach to calculate electronic subband structure in InAs/GaSb-based type II and broken-gap quantum well systems. The theoretical model is developed through solving self-consistently the Schrodinger equation for the eigenfunctions and eigenvalues coupled with the Poisson equation for the confinement potentials, in which the effects such as charge distribution and depletion are considered. In particular, we examine the effect of a GaSb cap layer on electronic properties of the quantum well systems in conjunction with experiments and experimental findings. The results obtained from the proposed self-consistent calculation can be used to understand important experimental findings and are in line with those measured experimentally. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Xu, W.] Australian Natl Univ, Dept Theoret Phys, RSPhysSE, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia. [Xu, W.; Zeng, Z.] Chinese Acad Sci, Key Lab Mat Phys, Inst Solid State Phys, Hefei 230031, Peoples R China. [Folkes, P. A.] USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. [Gumbs, G.] CUNY, Dept Phys, CUNY Hunter Coll, New York, NY 10021 USA. [Zhang, C.] Univ Wollongong, Sch Phys, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia. RP Xu, W (reprint author), Australian Natl Univ, Dept Theoret Phys, RSPhysSE, Canberra, ACT 0200, Australia. EM wen105@rsphysse.anu.edu.au OI Zhang, Chao/0000-0002-2817-0488 NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1386-9477 J9 PHYSICA E JI Physica E PD MAR PY 2008 VL 40 IS 5 BP 1536 EP 1538 DI 10.1016/j.physe.2007.09.093 PG 3 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA 283OR UT WOS:000254646400187 ER PT J AU Glinka, YD Tolk, NH Liu, X Sasaki, Y Furdyna, JK AF Glinka, Y. D. Tolk, N. H. Liu, X. Sasaki, Y. Furdyna, J. K. TI Hot-phonon-assisted absorption at semiconductor heterointerfaces monitored by pump-probe second-harmonic generation SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID GAAS; DYNAMICS AB We provide the evidence for the hot-LO-phonon-assisted absorption at semiconductor heterointerfaces. The process is demonstrated with GaAs/GaSb interface when the photon energy is tuned below the band-gap energy for GaAs, but it is in a great excess for GaSb. The excitation of carriers in GaAs in the vicinity of the heterointerface is shown to be assisted by hot LO phonons generated in GaAs and GaSb within the relaxation of hot carriers in GaSb. The effect has been observed in the ultrafast pump-probe experiment through the interfacial-electric-field-induced second-harmonic generation response. C1 [Glinka, Y. D.] USA, Aviat & Missile RDEC, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35809 USA. [Glinka, Y. D.] Univ Alabama, Nano & Micro Devices Ctr, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA. [Tolk, N. H.] Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. [Liu, X.; Sasaki, Y.; Furdyna, J. K.] Univ Notre Dame, Dept Phys, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. RP Glinka, YD (reprint author), USA, Aviat & Missile RDEC, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35809 USA. EM glinkay@uah.edu NR 15 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD MAR PY 2008 VL 77 IS 11 AR 113310 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.77.113310 PG 4 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 282BO UT WOS:000254542800024 ER PT J AU Corron, NJ Blakely, JN Hayes, ST Pethel, SD AF Corron, Ned J. Blakely, Jonathan N. Hayes, Scott T. Pethel, Shawn D. TI Determinism in synthesized chaotic waveforms SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article AB The output of a linear filter driven by a randomly polarized square wave, when viewed backward in time, is shown to exhibit determinism at all times when embedded in a three-dimensional state space. Combined with previous results establishing exponential divergence equivalent to a positive Lyapunov exponent, this result rigorously shows that such reverse-time synthesized waveforms appear equally to have been produced by a deterministic chaotic system. C1 [Corron, Ned J.; Blakely, Jonathan N.; Hayes, Scott T.; Pethel, Shawn D.] USA, RDECOM, AMSRD AMR WS ST, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. RP Corron, NJ (reprint author), USA, RDECOM, AMSRD AMR WS ST, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. OI Blakely, Jonathan/0000-0002-9772-582X; Corron, Ned/0000-0002-3232-5024 NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1539-3755 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD MAR PY 2008 VL 77 IS 3 AR 037201 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.77.037201 PN 2 PG 3 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 282AL UT WOS:000254539900115 PM 18517561 ER PT J AU Scafetta, N West, BJ AF Scafetta, Nicola West, Bruce J. TI Is climate sensitive to solar variability? SO PHYSICS TODAY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Scafetta, Nicola] Duke Univ, Dept Phys, Durham, NC 27706 USA. [West, Bruce J.] USA, Res Off, Math & Informat Sci Directorate, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Scafetta, N (reprint author), Duke Univ, Dept Phys, Durham, NC 27706 USA. RI West, Bruce/E-3944-2017; OI Scafetta, Nicola/0000-0003-0967-1911 NR 6 TC 33 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0031-9228 J9 PHYS TODAY JI Phys. Today PD MAR PY 2008 VL 61 IS 3 BP 50 EP 51 DI 10.1063/1.2897951 PG 2 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 271WT UT WOS:000253820100020 ER PT J AU Mui, EJ Schiehser, GA Milhous, WK Hsu, HH Roberts, CW Kirisits, M Muench, S Rice, D Dubey, JP Fowble, JW Rathod, PK Queener, SF Liu, SR Jacobus, DP McLeod, R AF Mui, Ernest J. Schiehser, Guy A. Milhous, Wilbur K. Hsu, Honghue Roberts, Craig W. Kirisits, Michael Muench, Stephen Rice, David Dubey, J. P. Fowble, Joseph W. Rathod, Pradipsinh K. Queener, Sherry F. Liu, Susan R. Jacobus, David P. McLeod, Rima TI Novel Triazine JPC-2067-B Inhibits Toxoplasma gondii In Vitro and In Vivo SO PLOS NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES LA English DT Article ID FREE-RANGE CHICKENS; RESISTANT DIHYDROFOLATE-REDUCTASE; PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM; OCULAR TOXOPLASMOSIS; CONGENITAL TOXOPLASMOSIS; GENETIC-CHARACTERIZATION; ACQUIRED TOXOPLASMOSIS; PNEUMOCYSTIS-CARINII; HIGH PREVALENCE; SOUTH-AMERICA AB Background and Methodology: Toxoplasma gondii causes substantial morbidity, mortality, and costs for healthcare in the developed and developing world. Current medicines are not well tolerated and cause hypersensitivity reactions. The dihydrotriazine JPC-2067-B (4, 6-diamino-1, 2-dihydro-2, 2-dimethyl-1-(3'(2-chloro-, 4-trifluoromethoxyphenoxy)propyloxy)-1, 3, 5-triazine), which inhibits dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR), is highly effective against Plasmodium falciparum, Plasmodium vivax, and apicomplexans related to T. gondii. JPC-2067-B is the primary metabolite of the orally active biguanide JPC-2056 1-(3'-(2-chloro-4-trifluoromethoxyphenyloxy)propyl oxy)- 5-isopropylbiguanide, which is being advanced to clinical trials for malaria. Efficacy of the prodrug JPC-2056 and the active metabolite JPC-2067-B against T. gondii and T. gondii DHFR as well as toxicity toward mammalian cells were tested. Principal Findings and Conclusions: Herein, we found that JPC-2067-B is highly effective against T. gondii. We demonstrate that JPC-2067-B inhibits T. gondii growth in culture (IC50 20 nM), inhibits the purified enzyme (IC50 6.5 nM), is more efficacious than pyrimethamine, and is cidal in vitro. JPC-2067-B administered parenterally and the orally administered prodrug (JPC-2056) are also effective against T. gondii tachyzoites in vivo. A molecular model of T. gondii DHFR-TS complexed with JPC-2067-B was developed. We found that the three main parasite clonal types and isolates from South and Central America, the United States, Canada, China, and Sri Lanka have the same amino acid sequences preserving key binding sites for the triazine. Significance: JPC-2056/JPC-2067-B have potential to be more effective and possibly less toxic treatments for toxoplasmosis than currently available medicines. C1 [Mui, Ernest J.; Kirisits, Michael; Liu, Susan R.; McLeod, Rima] Univ Chicago, Dept Ophthalmol & Visual Sci, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Schiehser, Guy A.; Hsu, Honghue; Jacobus, David P.] Jacobus Pharmaceut Co Inc, Princeton, NJ USA. [Milhous, Wilbur K.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Roberts, Craig W.] Univ Strathclyde, Dept Immunol, Strathclyde Inst Biomed Sci, Glasgow G1 1XQ, Lanark, Scotland. [Muench, Stephen; Rice, David] Univ Sheffield, Krebs Inst Biomolec Res, Dept Mol Biol & Biotechnol, Sheffield S10 2TN, S Yorkshire, England. [Dubey, J. P.] ARS, USDA, Anim & Nat Resources Inst, Anim Parasit Dis Lab, Beltsville, MD USA. [Fowble, Joseph W.; Rathod, Pradipsinh K.] Univ Washington, Dept Chem, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. [Queener, Sherry F.] Indiana Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pharmacol & Toxicol, Indianapolis, IN 46202 USA. [McLeod, Rima] Univ Chicago, Dept Pediat, Comm Mol Med Genet & Immunol, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [McLeod, Rima] Univ Chicago, The Coll, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. RP Mui, EJ (reprint author), Univ Chicago, Dept Ophthalmol & Visual Sci, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. EM rmcleod@midway.uchicago.edu RI Roberts, Craig/B-8016-2008; OI Roberts, Craig/0000-0002-0653-835X; Muench, Stephen/0000-0001-6869-4414 FU Research to Prevent Blindness Foundation [R01 AI43228, AI26912, AI60360] FX This work was supported by R01 AI43228, AI26912, and AI60360, The Research to Prevent Blindness Foundation, and gifts from the Kieweit, Blackmon, Brennan, Koshland, Langel, Morel, Rosenstein, Kapnick, Cussen, Lipskar, Taub, and Rooney-Alden families. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript. NR 52 TC 25 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 8 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1935-2735 J9 PLOS NEGLECT TROP D JI Plos Neglect. Trop. Dis. PD MAR PY 2008 VL 2 IS 3 AR e190 DI 10.1371/journal.pntd.0000190 PG 13 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA 385HZ UT WOS:000261806600018 PM 18320016 ER PT J AU Raab, R Swietnicki, W AF Raab, Ronald Swietnicki, Wieslaw TI Yersinia pestis YopD 150-287 fragment is partially unfolded in the native state SO PROTEIN EXPRESSION AND PURIFICATION LA English DT Article DE Yersinia pestis; YopD; SycD; translocator; molten globule ID PROTEIN SECONDARY STRUCTURE; III SECRETION SYSTEM; AMINO-ACID-SEQUENCE; STRUCTURE PREDICTION; MOLTEN GLOBULE; AMPHIPATHIC DOMAIN; V-ANTIGEN; CHAPERONE; BINDING; TRANSLOCON AB Yersinia pestis, a human and animal pathogen, uses the type III secretion system (T3SS) for delivering virulence factors and effectors into the host cells. The system is conserved in animal pathogens and is hypothesized to deliver the virulence factors directly from bacterial to mammalian cells through a pore composed of YopB and YopD translocation proteins. The YopB and YopD translocator proteins must be delivered first to form a functional pore in the mammalian cell. The criteria by which Yersinia selects the two proteins for initial delivery are not known and we hypothesized that the extensive binding by the chaperone and partial unfolding of the unbound region may be the criteria for selection. The YopB and YopD translocator proteins, unlike other effectors, have a common chaperone SycD, which binds through multiple regions. Due to the small size of the pore, we hypothesized that many of the transported virulence factors, translocators YopB and YopD included, are delivered in a partially unfolded state stabilized by binding to specific chaperones. The YopD protein binds the chaperone through amino acid (a.a.) 53-149 and a.a. 278-292 regions but biophysical characterization of YopD has not been possible due to the lack of an expression system for soluble, large fragments of the protein. In our present work, we demonstrated that the YopD 150-287 peptide fragment, almost the full soluble C-terminal part, including the non-interacting peptide fragment YopD 150-277, was partially unfolded in its native state by a combination of biophysical methods: circular dichroism, quasi-elastic light scattering, chemical unfolding and 8-anilino-1-naphthalene sulfonate (ANS) binding. The secondary structure of the peptide converted easily between alpha-helical and random coil states at neutral pH, and the alpha -helical state was almost fully recovered by lowering the temperature to 263 K. The current results suggest that YopD 150-287 peptide may have the postulated transport-competent state in its native form. (c) 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Swietnicki, Wieslaw] USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Bacteriol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. [Raab, Ronald] James Madison Univ, ISAT, Harrisonburg, VA 22807 USA. RP Swietnicki, W (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Bacteriol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM raabrw@cisat.jmu.edu; wes.swietnicki@amedd.army.mil NR 39 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1046-5928 J9 PROTEIN EXPRES PURIF JI Protein Expr. Purif. PD MAR PY 2008 VL 58 IS 1 BP 53 EP 60 DI 10.1016/j.pep.2007.11.001 PG 8 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 268GW UT WOS:000253568700006 PM 18160307 ER PT J AU Stumpff-Kane, AW Maksimiak, K Lee, MS Feig, M AF Stumpff-Kane, Andrew W. Maksimiak, Katarzyna Lee, Michael S. Feig, Michael TI Sampling of near-native protein conformations during protein structure refinement using a coarse-grained model, normal modes, and molecular dynamics simulations SO PROTEINS-STRUCTURE FUNCTION AND BIOINFORMATICS LA English DT Article ID STRUCTURE PREDICTION; ENERGY FUNCTION; CRYSTALLOGRAPHIC REFINEMENT; STATISTICAL POTENTIALS; SCORING FUNCTIONS; GENERALIZED-BORN; FORCE-FIELD; DATA-BANK; GENOMICS; ACCURATE AB Protein structure refinement from comparative models with the goal of predicting structures at near-experimental accuracy remains an unsolved problem. Structure refinement might be achieved with an iterative protocol where the most native-like structure from a set of decoys generated from an initial model in one cycle is used as the starting structure for the next cycle. Conformational sampling based on the coarse-grained SICHO model, atomic level of detail molecular dynamics simulations, and normal-mode analysis is compared in the context of such a protocol. All of the sampling methods can achieve significant refinement close to experimental structures, although the distribution of structures and the ability to reach native-like structures differs greatly. Implications for the practical application of such sampling methods and the requirements for scoring functions in an iterative refinement protocol are analyzed in the context of theoretical predictions for the distribution of protein-like conformations with a random sampling protocol. C1 [Stumpff-Kane, Andrew W.; Maksimiak, Katarzyna; Feig, Michael] Michigan State Univ, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. [Lee, Michael S.] USA, Ballist Res Lab, Computat Sci & Engn Branch, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. [Lee, Michael S.] USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Dept Biochem & Cell Biol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. [Feig, Michael] Michigan State Univ, Dept Chem, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. RP Feig, M (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. EM feig@msu.edu NR 53 TC 15 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 3 PU WILEY-LISS PI HOBOKEN PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0887-3585 J9 PROTEINS JI Proteins PD MAR PY 2008 VL 70 IS 4 BP 1345 EP 1356 DI 10.1002/prot.21674 PG 12 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA 268GN UT WOS:000253567400024 PM 17876825 ER PT J AU Oesterheld, JR Cozza, K Sandson, NB AF Oesterheld, Jessica R. Cozza, Kelly Sandson, Neil B. TI Oral contraceptives SO PSYCHOSOMATICS LA English DT Review ID HORMONE REPLACEMENT THERAPY; HEALTHY FEMALE VOLUNTEERS; HUMAN LIVER-MICROSOMES; ST-JOHNS-WORT; ETHINYL ESTRADIOL; PLASMA-CONCENTRATIONS; DRUG-INTERACTIONS; DIAZEPAM METABOLISM; PHARMACOKINETIC INTERACTION; ENHANCED METABOLISM AB Nearly 50 years ago, the introduction of Enovid(C) (norethynodrel 10 mu g and mestranol 150 mu g), which provided convenient and reliable contraception, revolutionized birth control. Reports of interactions between oral contraceptives (00) and other drugs began to trickle into the literature. At first, these drug interactions appeared to be random and unrelated. Increased understanding of P450 enzymes and phase II reactions of sulfation and glucuronidation has permitted preliminary categorization and assessment of the clinical relevance of these drug interactions. C1 [Oesterheld, Jessica R.] Maine Med Ctr, Dept Psychiat, Portland, ME 04102 USA. [Oesterheld, Jessica R.] Univ Vermont, Coll Med, Dept Psychiat, Burlington, VT 05405 USA. [Cozza, Kelly] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Cozza, Kelly] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Psychiat, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Sandson, Neil B.] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. RP Oesterheld, JR (reprint author), Maine Med Ctr, Dept Psychiat, Portland, ME 04102 USA. NR 107 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0033-3182 J9 PSYCHOSOMATICS JI Psychosomatics PD MAR-APR PY 2008 VL 49 IS 2 BP 168 EP 175 DI 10.1176/appi.psy.49.2.168 PG 8 WC Psychiatry; Psychology SC Psychiatry; Psychology GA 273QE UT WOS:000253946000012 PM 18354071 ER PT J AU Barone, R Silverman, SJ AF Barone, Ray Silverman, Stephen J. TI An impact assessment of an affective-centered program by graduates SO RESEARCH QUARTERLY FOR EXERCISE AND SPORT LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Barone, Ray] US Mil Acad W Point, West Point, NY USA. [Silverman, Stephen J.] Columbia Univ, Teachers Coll, New York, NY 10027 USA. EM Renard.Barone@USMA.EDU NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ALLIANCE HEALTH PHYS EDUC REC & DANCE PI RESTON PA 1900 ASSOCIATION DRIVE, RESTON, VA 22091 USA SN 0270-1367 J9 RES Q EXERCISE SPORT JI Res. Q. Exerc. Sport PD MAR PY 2008 VL 79 IS 1 SU S BP A41 EP A41 PG 1 WC Hospitality, Leisure, Sport & Tourism; Psychology, Applied; Psychology; Sport Sciences SC Social Sciences - Other Topics; Psychology; Sport Sciences GA 284VU UT WOS:000254735800112 ER PT J AU Coelho, J Crowder, T Fenske, B Rea, M Brechue, WF AF Coelho, Jeffrey Crowder, Todd Fenske, Brad Rea, Mark Brechue, William F. TI Influence of cadence on push-up performance SO RESEARCH QUARTERLY FOR EXERCISE AND SPORT LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Coelho, Jeffrey; Crowder, Todd; Fenske, Brad; Rea, Mark; Brechue, William F.] US Mil Acad W Point, New York, NY USA. EM jeffrey.coelho@usma.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ALLIANCE HEALTH PHYS EDUC REC & DANCE PI RESTON PA 1900 ASSOCIATION DRIVE, RESTON, VA 22091 USA SN 0270-1367 J9 RES Q EXERCISE SPORT JI Res. Q. Exerc. Sport PD MAR PY 2008 VL 79 IS 1 SU S BP A13 EP A13 PG 1 WC Hospitality, Leisure, Sport & Tourism; Psychology, Applied; Psychology; Sport Sciences SC Social Sciences - Other Topics; Psychology; Sport Sciences GA 284VU UT WOS:000254735800040 ER PT J AU Fielitz, L Horne, TF Brechue, WF AF Fielitz, Lynn Horne, Thomas F. Brechue, William F. TI Objectivity and reliability of assessment of the 2-minute push-up test SO RESEARCH QUARTERLY FOR EXERCISE AND SPORT LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Fielitz, Lynn; Horne, Thomas F.; Brechue, William F.] US Mil Acad W Point, New York, NY USA. EM Lynn.Fielitz@usma.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ALLIANCE HEALTH PHYS EDUC REC & DANCE PI RESTON PA 1900 ASSOCIATION DRIVE, RESTON, VA 22091 USA SN 0270-1367 J9 RES Q EXERCISE SPORT JI Res. Q. Exerc. Sport PD MAR PY 2008 VL 79 IS 1 SU S BP A14 EP A14 PG 1 WC Hospitality, Leisure, Sport & Tourism; Psychology, Applied; Psychology; Sport Sciences SC Social Sciences - Other Topics; Psychology; Sport Sciences GA 284VU UT WOS:000254735800043 ER PT J AU Smith, R AF Smith, Roger TI The future of management SO RESEARCH-TECHNOLOGY MANAGEMENT LA English DT Book Review C1 [Smith, Roger] USA, Orlando, FL USA. RP Smith, R (reprint author), USA, Orlando, FL USA. EM rdsmith@modelbenders.com NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU INDUSTRIAL RESEARCH INST, INC PI ARLINGTON PA 2200 CLARENDON BLVD, STE 1102, ARLINGTON, VA 22201 USA SN 0895-6308 J9 RES TECHNOL MANAGE JI Res.-Technol. Manage. PD MAR-APR PY 2008 VL 51 IS 2 BP 62 EP 62 PG 1 WC Business; Engineering, Industrial; Management SC Business & Economics; Engineering GA 265WR UT WOS:000253393000014 ER PT J AU Gaydos, CA Gaydos, JC AF Gaydos, Charlotte A. Gaydos, Joel C. TI Chlamydia in the United States military: Can we win this war? SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES LA English DT Editorial Material ID SEXUALLY-TRANSMITTED-DISEASES; PELVIC-INFLAMMATORY-DISEASE; FEMALE-ARMY-RECRUITS; TRACHOMATIS-INFECTIONS; NEISSERIA-GONORRHOEAE; C-TRACHOMATIS; VAGINAL SWABS; YOUNG-WOMEN; PREVALENCE; PREVENTION C1 [Gaydos, Charlotte A.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Int STD Lab, Div Infect Dis, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. [Gaydos, Joel C.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Def Global Emerging Infect Surveillance & Re, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP Gaydos, CA (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Int STD Lab, Div Infect Dis, 1159 Ross Bldg,720 Rutland Ave, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. EM cgaydos@jhmi.edu RI Gaydos, Charlotte/E-9937-2010 NR 40 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 5 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0148-5717 J9 SEX TRANSM DIS JI Sex. Transm. Dis. PD MAR PY 2008 VL 35 IS 3 BP 260 EP 262 DI 10.1097/OLQ.0b013e3181679c31 PG 3 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 268NI UT WOS:000253586100009 PM 18490869 ER PT J AU Funkhouser, O Etzkorn, LH Hughes, WE AF Funkhouser, Owen Etzkorn, Letha Hughes Hughes, William E., Jr. TI A lightweight approach to software validation by comparing UML use cases with internal program documentation selected via call graphs SO SOFTWARE QUALITY JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE software engineering; UML use cases; software validation; program understanding ID CODE; COMPREHENSION AB This research involves a methodology and associated proof of concept tool to partially automate software validation by comparing UML use cases with particular execution scenarios in source code. These execution scenarios are represented as the internal documentation (identifier names and comments) associated with sequences of execution in static call graphs. This methodology has the potential to reduce validation time and associated costs in many organizations, by enabling quick and easy validation of software relative to the use cases that describe the requirements. The proof of concept tool as it currently stands is intended as an aid to an IV&V software engineer, to assist in directing the software validation process. The approach is lightweight and easily implemented. C1 [Etzkorn, Letha Hughes] Univ Alabama, Dept Comp Sci, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA. [Funkhouser, Owen] Dynetics Inc, Comp Applicat Dept, Huntsville, AL 35806 USA. [Hughes, William E., Jr.] USASMDC, Tech Interoperabil & Matrix Ctr, Huntsville, AL USA. RP Etzkorn, LH (reprint author), Univ Alabama, Dept Comp Sci, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA. EM Owen.Funkhouser@dynetics.com; letzkorn@cs.uah.edu; bill.hughes@smdc.army.mil NR 29 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 2 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0963-9314 EI 1573-1367 J9 SOFTWARE QUAL J JI Softw. Qual. J. PD MAR PY 2008 VL 16 IS 1 BP 131 EP 156 DI 10.1007/s11219-007-9034-3 PG 26 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA 248QQ UT WOS:000252169800007 ER PT J AU Pennington, JC Hayes, CA Yost, S Crutcher, TA Berry, TE Clarke, JU Bishop, MJ AF Pennington, Judith C. Hayes, Charolett A. Yost, Sally Crutcher, Thomas A. Berry, Thomas E. Clarke, Joan U. Bishop, Michael J. TI Explosive residues from blow-in-place detonations of artillery munitions SO SOIL & SEDIMENT CONTAMINATION LA English DT Article AB Military live-fire training often generates unexploded ordnance (UXO) on training ranges. Explosive ordnance personnel typically render these UXO safe by blow-in-place (BIP) detonations using donor charges. These detonations potentially leave explosive residues on the soil surface where they may threaten ground water. The objective of this study was to determine the efficiency with which several donor charges consume energetic residues from heavy artillery rounds when used in BIP detonations. Residues from BIP of two types of mortars rounds and two types of artillery rounds with four donor charges were recovered from a large tarp after detonations. The binary donor charge produced limited residues for the mortar rounds, but was insufficient when used for larger rounds. TNT as a donor left significant quantities of TNT residue; therefore, it is a poor choice as a donor charge. C4 was the most effective for the larger rounds. Except for the binary charge, which left no detectable residue with the 60-mm mortar rounds, all donors left some residue, primarily RDX, in at least some replicates. Most of the mass was recovered within 15 meters of the detonation center. Results demonstrated that maximum detonation efficiency was achieved by the proper pairing of donor charge to round. Results also indicated that repeated BIP operations in the same location might lead to the building up of explosive contamination in surface soils. C1 [Pennington, Judith C.; Berry, Thomas E.; Clarke, Joan U.; Bishop, Michael J.] USA, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, Environm Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. [Hayes, Charolett A.; Yost, Sally] SpecPro Inc, Huntsville, AL USA. [Crutcher, Thomas A.] USA, Redstone Tech Test Ctr, Redstone Arsenal, AL USA. RP Pennington, JC (reprint author), USA, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, Environm Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. EM JudylPenni@alo.com NR 8 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 3 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1532-0383 J9 SOIL SEDIMENT CONTAM JI Soil. Sediment. Contam. PD MAR-APR PY 2008 VL 17 IS 2 BP 163 EP 180 DI 10.1080/15320380701872993 PG 18 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 277VC UT WOS:000254241800007 ER PT J AU Myint, KSA Gibbons, RV AF Myint, Khin Saw Aye Gibbons, Robert V. TI Hepatitis E: a neglected threat SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Review DE hepatitis E; vaccine; recombinant proteins; viral hepatitis vaccines; active immunity; world health AB Hepatitis E, responsible for explosive waterborne outbreaks and sporadic cases of acute hepatitis in developing countries, affects predominantly young adults and has a fatality rate as high as 25% in pregnant women. No effective treatment exists for hepatitis E; however, a vaccine using a baculovirus-expressed recombinant hepatitis E capsid protein was recently studied in Nepal. In this review, the progress made in hepatitis E research and the recently concluded vaccine trial of the recombinant protein vaccine are briefly discussed. (c) 2007 Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Myint, Khin Saw Aye; Gibbons, Robert V.] Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Dept Virol, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. RP Myint, KSA (reprint author), Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Dept Virol, 315-6 Rajvithi Rd, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. EM myintk@afrims.org NR 5 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0035-9203 J9 T ROY SOC TROP MED H JI Trans. Roy. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD MAR PY 2008 VL 102 IS 3 BP 211 EP 212 DI 10.1016/j.trstmh.2007.03.014 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 276RY UT WOS:000254161100003 PM 17658568 ER PT J AU Stromdahl, EY Vince, MA Billingsley, PM Dobbs, NA Williamson, PC AF Stromdahl, Ellen Y. Vince, Mary A. Billingsley, Peggy M. Dobbs, Nicole A. Williamson, Phillip C. TI Rickettsia amblyommii infecting Amblyomma americanum larvae SO VECTOR-BORNE AND ZOONOTIC DISEASES LA English DT Article DE Rickettsia amblyommii; Amblyomma americanum; prevalence; pathogenicity; co-infection ID LONE-STAR TICK; EHRLICHIA-CHAFFEENSIS RICKETTSIALES; FEVER GROUP RICKETTSIAE; MOUNTAIN SPOTTED-FEVER; BORRELIA-BURGDORFERI; UNITED-STATES; BORNE INFECTIONS; ACARI; IXODIDAE; TRANSMISSION AB Polymerase chain reaction analysis of Amblyomma americanum adults, nymphs, and larvae from Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD (APG), revealed a very high prevalence of a spotted fever group (SFG) rickettsia. Restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) and sequence analysis identified "Rickettsia amblyommii." This organism is not yet described or well studied, and its pathogenicity is unknown; however, investigations of the organism are warranted because of its high prevalence in A. americanum. This tick is extremely abundant at military training facilities in the south, central, and Mid-Atlantic United States, and many soldiers experience multiple concurrent tick bites. Bites by R. amblyommii-infected A. americanum may account for rates of SFG rickettsia seropositivity that are higher than reported rates of Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF) cases from the same location. Seroconversion to SFG rickettsia following bites of A. americanum may suggest that R. amblyommii is infectious in humans. Subclinical infection in the numerous A. americanum tick bite victims could contaminate donated blood and compromise immunodeficient recipients. Detection of R. amblyommii in questing A. americanum larvae suggests transovarial transmission. The absence of R. rickettsii, the agent of RMSF, in A. americanum may be due to transovarial interference by R. amblyommii. The likelihood of pathogen transmission by larvae is magnified by their habit of mass attack. The very small size of the larvae is also a risk factor for pathogen transmission. High R. amblyommii prevalence in populations of A. americanum presage co-infection with other A. americanum-borne pathogens. A. americanum nymphs and adults from APG were found to be co-infected with R. amblyommii and Borrelia lonestari, Ehrlichia chaffeensis and Ehrlichia ewingii, respectively, and larval pools were infected with both R. amblyommii and B. lonestari. Co-infections can compound effects and complicate diagnosis of tick-borne disease. C1 [Stromdahl, Ellen Y.; Vince, Mary A.] USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Entomol Sci Program, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. [Billingsley, Peggy M.; Williamson, Phillip C.] Univ N Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pathol & Human Identificat, Ft Worth, TX USA. [Dobbs, Nicole A.] Univ N Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Mol Biol & Immunol, Ft Worth, TX USA. RP Stromdahl, EY (reprint author), USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Entomol Sci Program, 5158 Blackhawk Rd,Bldg E-5800, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM ellen.stromdahl@us.army.mil NR 52 TC 45 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 8 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1530-3667 J9 VECTOR-BORNE ZOONOT JI Vector-Borne Zoonotic Dis. PD SPR PY 2008 VL 8 IS 1 BP 15 EP 24 DI 10.1089/vbz.2007.0138 PG 10 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Infectious Diseases GA 269JY UT WOS:000253646500003 PM 18171102 ER PT J AU Twenhafel, NA Whitehouse, CA Stevens, EL Hottel, HE Foster, CD Gamble, S Abbott, S Janda, JM Kreiselmeier, N Steele, KE AF Twenhafel, N. A. Whitehouse, C. A. Stevens, E. L. Hottel, H. E. Foster, C. D. Gamble, S. Abbott, S. Janda, J. M. Kreiselmeier, N. Steele, K. E. TI Multisystemic abcesses in African green monkeys (Chlorocebus aethiops) with invasive Klebsiella pneumoniae - Identification of the hypermucoviscosity phenotype SO VETERINARY PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE abscess; African green monkeys; hypermucoviscosity; invasive; Klebsiella pneumoniae ID PYOGENIC LIVER-ABSCESS; VIRULENCE GENE; TAIWAN; MAGA; ASSOCIATION; SEROTYPE-K1; BACTEREMIA; RMPA AB Invasive Klebsiella pneumoniae is an emerging disease of humans characterized by abscesses in the liver or other sites involving bacteria with the unique hypermucoviscosity phenotype. Over several months, 7 African green monkeys in our research colony developed abscess formation in multiple locations and succumbed to disease. K pneumoniae was identified by bacterial culture in 6 monkeys and immunohistochemistry in I additional monkey. All monkeys had been housed in, or had contact with monkeys housed in, I animal room in our facility. All affected monkeys had I or more abscesses, most notably in the abdomen, but also affecting the lungs, cerebellum, and skin. Abdominal abscesses and associated adhesions entrapped loops of bowel, forming palpable masses. Abdominal masses were located at the root of the mesentery, the ileocccocolic junction, or the pelvic inlet. In I case, culture, serotyping, and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis of the bacterial isolate identified K pneumoniae expressing the hypermucoviscosity phenotype and capsular serotype K2 and determined that the K pneumonia was genetically rmpA(+)/magA(-). C1 [Twenhafel, N. A.; Whitehouse, C. A.; Stevens, E. L.; Hottel, H. E.; Foster, C. D.; Gamble, S.; Kreiselmeier, N.; Steele, K. E.] USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. [Abbott, S.; Janda, J. M.] Calif Dept Hlth Serv, Microbial Dis Lab, Div Communicable Dis, Richmond, CA USA. RP Twenhafel, NA (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. OI Gamble, Christopher/0000-0002-2094-205X NR 19 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 5 U2 7 PU AMER COLL VET PATHOLOGIST PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0300-9858 J9 VET PATHOL JI Vet. Pathol. PD MAR PY 2008 VL 45 IS 2 BP 226 EP 231 DI 10.1354/vp.45-2-226 PG 6 WC Pathology; Veterinary Sciences SC Pathology; Veterinary Sciences GA 285GU UT WOS:000254766100018 PM 18424839 ER PT J AU Bowman, BL AF Bowman, Bradley L. TI After Iraq: Future US military posture in the Middle East SO WASHINGTON QUARTERLY LA English DT Article C1 US Mil Acad, West Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Bowman, BL (reprint author), US Mil Acad, West Point, NY 10996 USA. EM bradleybowman@hotmail.com NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU M I T PRESS PI CAMBRIDGE PA 238 MAIN STREET, STE 500, CAMBRIDGE, MA 02142-1046 USA SN 0163-660X J9 WASH QUART JI Wash. Q. PD SPR PY 2008 VL 31 IS 2 BP 77 EP 91 DI 10.1162/wash.2008.31.2.77 PG 15 WC International Relations; Law SC International Relations; Government & Law GA 276MG UT WOS:000254145700005 ER PT J AU Lichvar, RW Ochs, WR Gaines, SM AF Lichvar, Robert W. Ochs, Walter R. Gaines, Sarah M. TI Evaluation of surface features for delineating the ordinary high water boundary on playas in the arid Western United States SO WETLANDS LA English DT Article DE delineation; LiDAR; remote sensing ID AIR-FORCE-BASE; OWENS LAKE; CALIFORNIA; DESERT; USA; INDICATORS; NEVADA; CRUSTS; AVHRR; ZONE AB Delineation of Ordinary High Water (OHW) under the Clean Water Act (CWA) is based on the use of physical features that represent "ordinary" levels of ponding or flowing waters. On and western United States playas, where the climate is an unevenly distributed series of precipitation events that are spread over many years, the use of surface water monitoring can be limiting due to occasional years with almost no hydrological information. To substitute for a general lack of monitored surface water conditions, we used processed satellite images and precise topographic modeling to determine ponded water areas. To test the reliability of select field indicators for delineation purposes, we used a two-phase field test on a hard playa in the Mojave Desert, California. First, we verified that ponded water was associated with these playa surface features. Then, to test the statistical reliability of these surface features, we developed a decile ponding zone map by stacking processed satellite imagery, collected detailed laser altimetry (LiDAR) elevation data, sampled surface features occurring in the various decile zones, and developed reliability statements for these OHW delineation features. These field indicators represent surface features that have developed over a series of years representing the wetter portion of the El Nino climatic cycle. C1 [Lichvar, Robert W.; Ochs, Walter R.] Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. [Gaines, Sarah M.] USA, Corps Engineers, San Francisco, CA 94105 USA. RP Lichvar, RW (reprint author), Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, 72 Lyme Rd, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. EM Robert.lichvar@erde.usace.army.mil NR 57 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU SOC WETLAND SCIENTISTS PI LAWRENCE PA 810 E TENTH ST, P O BOX 1897, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0277-5212 J9 WETLANDS JI Wetlands PD MAR PY 2008 VL 28 IS 1 BP 68 EP 80 DI 10.1672/06-107.1 PG 13 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 290IT UT WOS:000255117200006 ER PT J AU West, BJ Grigolini, P AF West, B. J. Grigolini, P. TI Sun-climate complexity linking SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID STOCHASTIC RESONANCE; SOLAR-FLARES; TEMPERATURE; DISSIPATION; TURBULENCE; DIFFUSION; MODELS AB It is known that Earth's short-term temperature anomalies share the same complexity index mu as solar flares. We show that this property is not accidental and is a consequence of the phenomenon of information transfer based on the crucial role of non-Poisson renewal events in complex networks. C1 [West, B. J.] USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. [West, B. J.] Duke Univ, Dept Phys, Durham, NC 27705 USA. [Grigolini, P.] Univ N Texas, Ctr Nonlinear Sci, Denton, TX 76203 USA. [Grigolini, P.] Area Ric Pisa, CNR, Ist Proc Chimicofis, Pisa, Italy. [Grigolini, P.] Univ Pisa, Dipartimento Fis, I-56127 Pisa, Italy. RP West, BJ (reprint author), USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. NR 32 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD FEB 29 PY 2008 VL 100 IS 8 AR 088501 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.100.088501 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 271BR UT WOS:000253764400070 PM 18352672 ER PT J AU Lim, W Wang, YL Ren, F Norton, DP Kravchenko, II Zavada, JM Pearton, SJ AF Lim, Wantae Wang, Yu-Lin Ren, F. Norton, D. P. Kravchenko, I. I. Zavada, J. M. Pearton, S. J. TI Indium zinc oxide thin films deposited by sputtering at room temperature SO APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE indium zinc oxide; sputtering; thin film transistors ID FIELD-EFFECT TRANSISTOR; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; ZNO; CHANNEL; TRANSPORT AB The deposition of amorphous indium zinc oxide (IZO) thin films on glass substrates with n-type carrier concentrations between 10(14) and 3 x 10(20) cm(-3) by sputtering from single targets near room temperature was investigated as a function of power and process pressure. The resistivity of the films with In/Zn of similar to 0.7 could be controlled between 5 x 10(-3) and 10(4) Omega cm by varying the power during deposition. The corresponding electron mobilities were 4-18 cm(2) V-1 s(-1). The surface root-mean-square roughness was < 1 nm under all conditions for film thicknesses of 200 nm. Thin film transistors with 1 mu m gate length were fabricated on these IZO layers, showing enhancement mode operation with good pitch-off characteristics, threshold voltage 2.5 V and a maximum transconductance of 6 mS/mm. These films look promising for transparent thin film transistor applications. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Lim, Wantae; Norton, D. P.; Pearton, S. J.] Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Wang, Yu-Lin; Ren, F.] Univ Florida, Dept Chem Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Kravchenko, I. I.] Univ Florida, Dept Phys, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Zavada, J. M.] USA, Res Off, Div Elect, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Pearton, SJ (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM spear@mse.ufl.edu RI Kravchenko, Ivan/K-3022-2015 OI Kravchenko, Ivan/0000-0003-4999-5822 NR 24 TC 20 Z9 22 U1 1 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-4332 J9 APPL SURF SCI JI Appl. Surf. Sci. PD FEB 28 PY 2008 VL 254 IS 9 BP 2878 EP 2881 DI 10.1016/j.apsusc.2007.10.032 PG 4 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Materials Science; Physics GA 277VU UT WOS:000254243600050 ER PT J AU Genovese, RF Benton, BJ Oubre, JL Fleming, PJ Jakubowski, EM Mioduszewski, RJ AF Genovese, Raymond F. Benton, Bernard J. Oubre, John L. Fleming, Patrick J. Jakubowski, E. Michael Mioduszewski, Robert J. TI Determination of miosis threshold from whole-body vapor exposure to Sarin in African green monkeys SO TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article DE sarin; miosis; primate; African green; GB; SPR; cognition ID LOW-LEVEL EXPOSURE; ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE ACTIVITY; RHESUS-MONKEYS; ACUTE TOXICITY; PUPIL SIZE; DURATION; RATS; ORGANOPHOSPHATES; SAMPLES; RISK AB We determined the threshold concentration of sarin vapor exposure producing miosis in African green monkeys (Chlorocebus aethiops). Monkeys (n = 8) were exposed to a single concentration of sarin (0.069-0.701 mg/m(3)) for 10 min. Changes in pupil size were measured from photographs taken before and after the exposure. Sarin EC50 values for miosis were determined to be 0.166 mg/m(3) when miosis was defined as a 50% reduction in pupil area and 0.469 mg/m(3) when miosis was defined as a 50% reduction in pupil diameter. Monkeys were also evaluated for behavioral changes from sarin exposure using a serial probe recognition test and performance remained essentially unchanged for all monkeys. None of the concentrations of sarin produced specific clinical signs of toxicity other than miosis. Sarin was regenerated from blood sampled following exposure in a concentration-dependent fashion. Consistent with a predominant inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), more sarin was consistently found in RBC fractions than in plasma fractions. Further, elimination of regenerated sarin from RBC fractions was slower than from plasma fractions. Blood samples following exposure also showed concentration-dependent inhibition of AChE activity and, to a lesser extent, butyrylcholinesterase activity. At the largest exposure concentration, AChE inhibition was substantial, reducing activity to approximately 40% of baseline. The results characterize sarin exposure concentrations that produce miosis in a large primate species in the absence of other overt signs of toxicity. Further, these results extend previous studies indicating that miosis is a valid early indicator for the detection of sarin vapor exposure. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd. C1 [Genovese, Raymond F.; Oubre, John L.; Fleming, Patrick J.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Psychiat & Neurosci, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. [Benton, Bernard J.; Jakubowski, E. Michael; Mioduszewski, Robert J.] USA, Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, Operational Toxicol Team, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. RP Genovese, RF (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Psychiat & Neurosci, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM Raymond.Genovese@US.ARMY.MIL NR 28 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0300-483X J9 TOXICOLOGY JI Toxicology PD FEB 28 PY 2008 VL 244 IS 2-3 BP 123 EP 132 DI 10.1016/j.tox.2007.11.004 PG 10 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Toxicology GA 273PA UT WOS:000253942700004 PM 18096290 ER PT J AU Zhang, SX Kumar, K Jiang, XH Wallqvist, A Reifman, J AF Zhang, Shuxing Kumar, Kamal Jiang, Xiaohui Wallqvist, Anders Reifman, Jaques TI DOVIS: an implementation for high-throughput virtual screening using AutoDock SO BMC BIOINFORMATICS LA English DT Article ID DOCKING AB Background: Molecular-docking-based virtual screening is an important tool in drug discovery that is used to significantly reduce the number of possible chemical compounds to be investigated. In addition to the selection of a sound docking strategy with appropriate scoring functions, another technical challenge is to in silico screen millions of compounds in a reasonable time. To meet this challenge, it is necessary to use high performance computing (HPC) platforms and techniques. However, the development of an integrated HPC system that makes efficient use of its elements is not trivial. Results: We have developed an application termed DOVIS that uses AutoDock (version 3) as the docking engine and runs in parallel on a Linux cluster. DOVIS can efficiently dock large numbers (millions) of small molecules (ligands) to a receptor, screening 500 to 1,000 compounds per processor per day. Furthermore, in DOVIS, the docking session is fully integrated and automated in that the inputs are specified via a graphical user interface, the calculations are fully integrated with a Linux cluster queuing system for parallel processing, and the results can be visualized and queried. Conclusion: DOVIS removes most of the complexities and organizational problems associated with large-scale high-throughput virtual screening, and provides a convenient and efficient solution for AutoDock users to use this software in a Linux cluster platform. C1 [Zhang, Shuxing; Kumar, Kamal; Jiang, Xiaohui; Wallqvist, Anders; Reifman, Jaques] USA, Biotechnol HPC Software Applicat Inst, Telemed & Adv Technol Res Ctr, Med Res & Mat Command, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. [Zhang, Shuxing] Univ Texas Houston, MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Dept Expt Therapeut, Houston, TX 77030 USA. RP Reifman, J (reprint author), USA, Biotechnol HPC Software Applicat Inst, Telemed & Adv Technol Res Ctr, Med Res & Mat Command, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM shuzhang@mdanderson.org; kamal@bioanalysis.org; xjiang@bioanalysis.org; awallqvist@bioanalysis.org; jaques.reifman@us.army.mil RI Zhang, Shuxing/F-9942-2014; OI Kumar, Kamal/0000-0002-9470-6682; wallqvist, anders/0000-0002-9775-7469 NR 9 TC 38 Z9 40 U1 1 U2 10 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2105 J9 BMC BIOINFORMATICS JI BMC Bioinformatics PD FEB 27 PY 2008 VL 9 AR 126 DI 10.1186/1471-2105-9-126 PG 4 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Mathematical & Computational Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Mathematical & Computational Biology GA 274PI UT WOS:000254012800001 PM 18304355 ER PT J AU Marce, R Ruiz, CE Armengol, J AF Marce, Rafael Ruiz, Carlos E. Armengol, Joan TI Using spatially distributed parameters and multi-response objective functions to solve parameterization of complex applications of semi-distributed hydrological models SO WATER RESOURCES RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID RAINFALL-RUNOFF MODEL; MOUNTAINOUS ABANDONED AREA; WATERSHED MODEL; AUTOMATIC CALIBRATION; MULTIPLE OBJECTIVES; CATCHMENT; FOREST; OPTIMIZATION; INTERCEPTION; UNCERTAINTY AB [1] Application of semi-distributed hydrological models to large, heterogeneous watersheds deals with several problems. On one hand, the spatial and temporal variability in catchment features should be adequately represented in the model parameterization, while maintaining the model complexity in an acceptable level to take advantage of state-of-the-art calibration techniques. On the other hand, model complexity enhances uncertainty in adjusted model parameter values, therefore increasing uncertainty in the water routing across the watershed. This is critical for water quality applications, where not only streamflow, but also a reliable estimation of the surface versus subsurface contributions to the runoff is needed. In this study, we show how a regularized inversion procedure combined with a multiobjective function calibration strategy successfully solves the parameterization of a complex application of a water quality-oriented hydrological model. The final value of several optimized parameters showed significant and consistent differences across geological and landscape features. Although the number of optimized parameters was significantly increased by the spatial and temporal discretization of adjustable parameters, the uncertainty in water routing results remained at reasonable values. In addition, a stepwise numerical analysis showed that the effects on calibration performance due to inclusion of different data types in the objective function could be inextricably linked. Thus caution should be taken when adding or removing data from an aggregated objective function. C1 [Marce, Rafael; Armengol, Joan] Univ Barcelona, Dept Ecol, Fluvial Dynam & hydrol Engn FLUMEN, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain. [Ruiz, Carlos E.] USA, Army Engn Res & Dev Ctr, CEERD EP W, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Marce, R (reprint author), Univ Barcelona, Dept Ecol, Fluvial Dynam & hydrol Engn FLUMEN, Diagonal 645, E-08028 Barcelona, Spain. EM rafamarce@ub.edu RI Marce, Rafael/H-5147-2012 OI Marce, Rafael/0000-0002-7416-4652 NR 55 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 3 U2 8 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0043-1397 J9 WATER RESOUR RES JI Water Resour. Res. PD FEB 27 PY 2008 VL 44 IS 2 AR W02436 DI 10.1029/2006WR005785 PG 18 WC Environmental Sciences; Limnology; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources GA 270KI UT WOS:000253719300002 ER PT J AU Karasavvas, N Beck, Z Tong, J Matyas, GR Rao, M McCutchan, FE Michael, NL Alving, CR AF Karasavvas, Nicos Beck, Zoltan Tong, James Matyas, Gary R. Rao, Mangala McCutchan, Francine E. Michael, Nelson L. Alving, Carl R. TI Antibodies induced by liposomal protein exhibit dual binding to protein and lipid epitopes SO BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE liposomes; surface plasmon resonance; antibody binding specificity; monoclonal antibodies; antibodies to galactosylceramide; antibodies to cholesterol; natural antibodies; polyreactive antibodies; lipid A ID ANTI-CHOLESTEROL ANTIBODIES; PHOSPHATIDYLINOSITOL PHOSPHATE; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES AB Natural polyreactive antibodies can accommodate chemically unrelated epitopes, such as lipids and proteins, in a single antigen binding site. Because liposomes containing lipid A as an adjuvant can induce antibodies directed against specific lipids, we immunized mice with liposomes containing lipid A together with a protein or peptide antigen to determine whether monoclonal antibodies generated after immunization would be specifically directed both to the liposomal lipid (either cholesterol or galactosylceramide) and also to the accompanying liposomal protein or peptide. Monoclonal antibodies were obtained that bound, by ELISA, to cholesterol and to recombinant gp140 envelope protein from HIV-1, or to galactosylceramide and to an HIV-1 envelope peptide. Surface plasmon resonance studies with the former antibody showed that the liposomal cholesterol and liposomal gp140 each contributed to the overall binding energy of the antibody to liposomes containing cholesterol and protein. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Karasavvas, Nicos; Tong, James; Matyas, Gary R.; Rao, Mangala; Michael, Nelson L.; Alving, Carl R.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Retrovirol, US Mil HIV Res Program, Dept Vaccine Prod & Delivery, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. [Beck, Zoltan; McCutchan, Francine E.] Henry M Jackson Fdn Adv Mil Med, US Mil HIV Res Program, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. RP Alving, CR (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Retrovirol, US Mil HIV Res Program, Dept Vaccine Prod & Delivery, 1600 E Gude Dr, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. EM calving@hivresearch.org OI Matyas, Gary/0000-0002-2074-2373 NR 20 TC 13 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0006-291X J9 BIOCHEM BIOPH RES CO JI Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. PD FEB 22 PY 2008 VL 366 IS 4 BP 982 EP 987 DI 10.1016/j.bbrc.2007.12.057 PG 6 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA 253IV UT WOS:000252512800020 PM 18088597 ER PT J AU Liu, H Agarwal, M Varahramyan, K Berney, ES Hodo, WD AF Liu, He Agarwal, Mangilal Varahramyan, Kody Berney, Ernest S. Hodo, Wayne D. TI Polymer-based microsensor for soil moisture measurement SO SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL LA English DT Article DE moisture sensor; humidity sensor; polymer sensor; soil gravimetric water content measurement; poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene)-poly(styrenesulfonate) (PEDOT-PSS) ID CERAMIC HUMIDITY SENSORS; CHARGE-TRANSPORT; CONDUCTIVITY; POLYANILINE; PRINCIPLES; SULFONATE); DISORDER; SURFACE; FILMS AB A moisture microsensor based on poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene-poly(styrene-sulfonate) (PEDOT-PSS) conductive polymer is developed and presented in this paper. The change in electrical characteristics of the PEDOT-PSS polymer film is used to determine its sensitivity and working mechanism when exposed to different levels of moisture content. The output characteristics, the change in electrical sheet resistance of the PEDOT-PSS film versus the percentage change in relative humidity (%RH), show that the conductivity of the film decreases when it is exposed to increasing levels of moisture content. The moisture sensors thus fabricated based on the PEDOT-PSS thin film were used to detect the gravimetric water content present in highly plastic (CH) soil samples (Buckshot Clay) for geological and geotechnical engineering applications. The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) study of the PEDOT-PSS film on a glass substrate showed the incorporation of OH molecules in the film when it was exposed to moisture environment. This incorporation of OH molecules caused the change in resistance of the PEDOT-PSS film when exposed to moisture content. The change in the output resistance of the sensor device was observed to be from 2.5 to 4.0 M ohm when exposed to soil samples with 15-35% change in gravimetric water content. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Liu, He; Agarwal, Mangilal; Varahramyan, Kody] Louisiana Tech Univ, Inst Micromfg, Ruston, LA 71272 USA. [Berney, Ernest S.; Hodo, Wayne D.] USA, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Varahramyan, K (reprint author), Louisiana Tech Univ, Inst Micromfg, Ruston, LA 71272 USA. EM kody@latech.edu NR 29 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0925-4005 J9 SENSOR ACTUAT B-CHEM JI Sens. Actuator B-Chem. PD FEB 22 PY 2008 VL 129 IS 2 BP 599 EP 604 DI 10.1016/j.snb.2007.09.017 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Electrochemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation GA 270QC UT WOS:000253734300015 ER PT J AU Demirkan, K Mathew, A Weiland, C Yao, Y Rawlett, AM Tour, JM Opila, RL AF Demirkan, K. Mathew, A. Weiland, C. Yao, Y. Rawlett, A. M. Tour, J. M. Opila, R. L. TI Energy level alignment at organic semiconductor/metal interfaces: Effect of polar self-assembled monolayers at the interface SO JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID ELECTROLUMINESCENT DEVICES; METAL INTERFACES; UV-PHOTOEMISSION; MOLECULAR WIRES; INJECTION; GOLD AB We determined the shifts in the energy levels of similar to 15 nm thick poly[2-methoxy-5-(2(')-ethyl-hexyloxy)-1,4-phenylene vinylene] films deposited on various substrates including self-assembled monolayer (SAM) modified Au surfaces using photoelectron spectroscopy. As the unmodified substrates included Au, indium tin oxide, Si (with native oxide), and Al (with native oxide), a systematic shift in the detected energy levels of the organic semiconductor was observed to follow the work function values of the substrates. Furthermore, we used polar SAMs to alter the work function of the Au substrates. This suggests the opportunity to control the energy level positions of the organic semiconductor with respect to the electrode Fermi level. Photoelectron spectroscopy results showed that, by introducing SAMs on the Au surface, we successfully increased and decreased the effective work function of Au surface. We found that in this case, the change in the effective work function of the metal surface was not reflected as a shift in the energy levels of the organic semiconductor, as opposed to the results achieved with different substrate materials. Our study showed that when a substrate is modified by SAMs (or similarly by any adsorbed molecules), a new effective work function value is achieved; however, it does not necessarily imply that the new modified surface will behave similar to a different metal where the work function is equal to the effective work function of the modified surface. Various models and their possible contribution to this result are discussed. (c) 2008 American Institute of Physics. C1 [Demirkan, K.; Mathew, A.; Weiland, C.; Opila, R. L.] Univ Delaware, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Newark, DE 19716 USA. [Yao, Y.; Tour, J. M.] Rice Univ, Dept Mat Sci, Dept Mech Engn, Dept Chem, Houston, TX 77005 USA. [Yao, Y.; Tour, J. M.] Rice Univ, Smalley Inst Nanoscale Sci & Technol, Houston, TX 77005 USA. [Rawlett, A. M.] USA, Res Lab, Multifunct Mat Div, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Opila, RL (reprint author), Univ Delaware, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Newark, DE 19716 USA. EM opila@udel.edu RI Weiland, Conan/K-4840-2012; OI Tour, James/0000-0002-8479-9328 NR 29 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 3 U2 14 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-9606 J9 J CHEM PHYS JI J. Chem. Phys. PD FEB 21 PY 2008 VL 128 IS 7 AR 074705 DI 10.1063/1.2832306 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 265CN UT WOS:000253336800031 PM 18298162 ER PT J AU Vollmerhausen, RH Moyer, S Krapels, K Driggers, RG Hixson, JG Robinson, AL AF Vollmerhausen, Richard H. Moyer, Steve Krapels, Keith Driggers, Ronald G. Hixson, Jonathan G. Robinson, Aaron L. TI Predicting the probability of facial identification using a specific object model SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article ID PERFORMANCE AB Many security and surveillance tasks involve either finding an object in a cluttered scene or discriminating between like objects. For example, an observer might look for a person of known height and weight in a crowd, or he might want to positively identify a specific face. The paper "Modeling target acquisition tasks associated with security and surveillance" [Appl. Opt. 46, 4209 (2007)] describes a specific-object model used to predict the probability of accomplishing this type of task. We describe four facial identification experiments and apply the specific-object model to predict the results. Facial identification is accurately predicted by the specific-object model. (c) 2008 Optical Society of America. C1 [Moyer, Steve; Driggers, Ronald G.; Hixson, Jonathan G.] USA, Res Dev & Engn Command, Comm & Elect Res Dev Engn Ctr, Night Vis & Elect Sensors Directorate, Ft Belvoir, VA 22206 USA. [Krapels, Keith] USN, Res Off, Arlington, VA 22217 USA. [Robinson, Aaron L.] Univ Memphis, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Ctr Adv Sensors, Memphis, TN 38152 USA. RP Vollmerhausen, RH (reprint author), 760 Jacktown Rd, Lexington, VA 24450 USA. EM vollmerhausen@hughes.net NR 7 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 4 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1559-128X EI 2155-3165 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD FEB 20 PY 2008 VL 47 IS 6 BP 751 EP 759 DI 10.1364/AO.47.000751 PG 9 WC Optics SC Optics GA 276LA UT WOS:000254141800005 PM 18288223 ER PT J AU Mettens, P Dubois, PM Dernoitie, MA Bayat, B Donner, MN Bourguignon, P Stewart, VA Heppner, DG Garcon, N Cohen, J AF Mettens, Pascal Dubois, Patrice M. Dernoitie, Marie-Ange Bayat, Babak Donner, Marie-Noelle Bourguignon, Patricia Stewart, V. Ann Heppner, D. Gray, Jr. Garcon, Nathalie Cohen, Joe TI Improved T cell responses to Plasmodium falciparum circumsporozoite protein in mice and monkeys induced by a novel formulation of RTS,S vaccine antigen SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE malaria; adjuvant; immune response; AS02A; AS01B; RTS,S ID HUMORAL IMMUNE-RESPONSES; MALARIA VACCINE; DENDRITIC CELLS; INFECTED HEPATOCYTES; VIRUS ANKARA; IFN-GAMMA; BERGHEI SPOROZOITES; PROTECTIVE EFFICACY; EFFECTOR FUNCTIONS; INTERFERON-GAMMA AB Protection against Plasmodium falciparum sporozoite infection can be achieved by vaccination with the recombinant circumsporozoite protein-based vaccine RTS,S formulated with the AS02A Adjuvant System. Since this protection is only partial and wanes over time, we have developed a new RTS,S-based vaccine adjuvanted with AS01B. RTS,S/AS01B-induced high specific antibody titers and increased the frequency of mouse CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells expressing IFN-gamma, and of monkey CD4(+) T cells expressing IL-2 and/or IFN-gamma and/or TNF-alpha upon stimulation with vaccine antigens. Our data provides clear evidence that combining RTS,S antigen with a potent adjuvant induces strong humoral and cellular responses in vivo. (c) 2008 Etsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Mettens, Pascal; Dubois, Patrice M.; Dernoitie, Marie-Ange; Bayat, Babak; Donner, Marie-Noelle; Bourguignon, Patricia; Garcon, Nathalie; Cohen, Joe] GlaxoSmithKline Biol, B-1330 Rixensart, Belgium. [Stewart, V. Ann; Heppner, D. Gray, Jr.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Malaria Vaccine Dev, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP Mettens, P (reprint author), GlaxoSmithKline Biol, Rue Inst 89, B-1330 Rixensart, Belgium. EM Pascal.Mettens@gskbio.com NR 66 TC 55 Z9 58 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD FEB 20 PY 2008 VL 26 IS 8 BP 1072 EP 1082 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2007.12.018 PG 11 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 269JV UT WOS:000253646200007 PM 18258343 ER PT J AU Cole, MW Ngo, E Hirsch, S Okatan, MB Alpay, SP AF Cole, M. W. Ngo, E. Hirsch, S. Okatan, M. B. Alpay, S. P. TI Dielectric properties of MgO-doped compositionally graded multilayer barium strontium titanate films SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID THIN-FILMS; FERROELECTRIC MATERIALS; DEVICE APPLICATIONS; TECHNOLOGY; COMPONENTS; TUNABILITY; DESIGN AB We have grown 5 mol % MgO-doped multilayered Ba(1-x)Sr(x)TiO(3) (BST) films having a nominal thickness of 220 nm with compositions of each layer as BST60/40, BST75/25, and BST90/10 (upgraded). We also fabricated undoped upgraded BST and uniform BST60/40 films for comparison. Results show that Mg-doping improves dielectric loss (tan delta=0.008) and yields better surface roughness (similar to 3.1 nm) compared to undoped upgraded BST. Mg-doped films displayed excellent temperature stability with temperature coefficient of capacitances of -0.94 and 1.14 ppt/degrees C from 20 to 90 degrees C and 20 to -10 degrees C, respectively. Mg doping resulted in a moderate dielectric tunability (29%) compared to undoped BST (65.5%) at 444 kV/cm. (C) 2008 American Institute of Physics. C1 [Okatan, M. B.; Alpay, S. P.] Univ Connecticut, Inst Mat Sci, CMBE Dept, Mat Sci & Engn Program, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. [Cole, M. W.; Ngo, E.; Hirsch, S.] USA, Res Lab, Weapons & Mat Res Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Alpay, SP (reprint author), Univ Connecticut, Inst Mat Sci, CMBE Dept, Mat Sci & Engn Program, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. EM mcole@arl.army.mil; p.alpay@ims.uconn.edu RI Alpay, Pamir/E-2666-2013; Okatan, M. Baris/E-1913-2016 OI Okatan, M. Baris/0000-0002-9421-7846 NR 20 TC 56 Z9 56 U1 7 U2 25 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD FEB 18 PY 2008 VL 92 IS 7 AR 072906 DI 10.1063/1.2870079 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 267WS UT WOS:000253540500040 ER PT J AU DelVecchio, S Skidmore, P AF DelVecchio, Sally Skidmore, Peter TI Adult-onset still's disease presenting as fever of unknown origin in a patient with HIV infection SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; SERUM FERRITIN; CLASSIFICATION; CRITERIA AB A 43-year-old African American man with known human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection was found to have adult-onset Still's disease manifesting as fever of unknown origin. In the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy, HIV-infected patients are preserving their immune status and, thus, must be evaluated in a manner similar to that for the general population. C1 [DelVecchio, Sally] Dwight D Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Ft Gordon, GA USA. [Skidmore, Peter] Dwight D Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Div Infect Dis, Ft Gordon, GA USA. RP DelVecchio, S (reprint author), 300 Hosp Rd, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. EM sally.delvecchio@us.army.mil NR 16 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD FEB 15 PY 2008 VL 46 IS 4 BP E41 EP E43 DI 10.1086/526785 PG 3 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 254WB UT WOS:000252617600034 PM 18199044 ER PT J AU Glinka, YD Tolk, NH Liu, X Sasaki, Y Furdyna, JK AF Glinka, Y. D. Tolk, N. H. Liu, X. Sasaki, Y. Furdyna, J. K. TI Electro-optic nature of ultrafast pump-probe reflectivity response from multilayer semiconductor heterostructures SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID 2ND-HARMONIC GENERATION; PHONON OSCILLATIONS; QUANTUM-WELLS; GAAS; CARRIER; DYNAMICS; INP AB We provide the evidence for the eiectro-optic nature of the transient reflectivity change (TRC) response from GaAs/GaSb/InAs heterostructures measured in ultrafast pump-probe experiments. The evidence is based on the correlation between TRC and the transient electric-field-induced second harmonic generation change signals, which have been measured simultaneously. The TRC signal is induced through the second- and third-order nonlinearities by the interfacial dc electric fields originating from the charge separation of pump-excited carriers among the layers. The effect of the interface type between GaSb and InAs layers on the interfacial field strength was analyzed. (c) 2008 American Institute of Physics. C1 [Glinka, Y. D.] USA, Aviat & Missile RDEC, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35809 USA. [Glinka, Y. D.] Univ Alabama, Micro Devices Ctr, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA. [Tolk, N. H.] Vanderbilt Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Nashville, TN 37235 USA. [Liu, X.; Sasaki, Y.; Furdyna, J. K.] Univ Notre Dame, Dept Phys, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. RP Glinka, YD (reprint author), USA, Aviat & Missile RDEC, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35809 USA. EM glinkay@uah.edu NR 27 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD FEB 15 PY 2008 VL 103 IS 4 AR 043708 DI 10.1063/1.2840139 PG 10 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 277CW UT WOS:000254191300030 ER PT J AU Kilpatrick, SJ Jaccodine, RJ AF Kilpatrick, S. J. Jaccodine, R. J. TI An angle-resolved study of early oxidation (< 3.0 nm) of Si-Ge alloys SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID SIO2/SI INTERFACE AB A study was completed involving the mechanisms of Si(1-x)Ge(x) oxidation. Either pure or mixed oxides of Si and Ge were grown. All oxides were grown in situ in a Scienta ESCA-300 system designed for oxidation. Angle-resolved x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy was the principal tool in assessing interfacial chemistry. The sub-bonded species of both Si and Ge were investigated as a function of composition. Values for the number of interfacial states were determined in addition to their spatial extension in the-actual oxidation interface. The role of interfacial cleaning and the initiation of growth in thin films were determined. (c) 2008 American Institute of Physics. C1 [Kilpatrick, S. J.] USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. [Jaccodine, R. J.] Lehigh Univ, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA. RP Kilpatrick, SJ (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM stephen.kilpatrick@us.army.mil NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD FEB 15 PY 2008 VL 103 IS 4 AR 043514 DI 10.1063/1.2885340 PG 7 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 277CW UT WOS:000254191300022 ER PT J AU John, CC Tande, AJ Moormann, AM Sumba, PO Lanar, DE Min, XM Kazura, JW AF John, Chandy C. Tande, Aaron J. Moormann, Ann M. Sumba, Peter O. Lanar, David E. Min, Xinan M. Kazura, James W. TI Antibodies to pre-erythrocytic Plasmodium falciparum antigens and risk of clinical malaria in Kenyan children SO JOURNAL OF INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID LIVER-STAGE ANTIGEN-1; BERGHEI SPOROZOITE INVASION; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; CD4(+) T-CELL; CIRCUMSPOROZOITE PROTEIN; SYNTHETIC PEPTIDES; SURFACE PROTEIN-2; GAMMA-INTERFERON; IMMUNE-RESPONSE; B-CELL AB Background. IgG antibodies to pre-erythrocytic antigens are involved in prevention of infection and disease in animal models of malaria but have not been associated with protection against disease in human malaria. Methods. Levels of IgG antibodies to circumsporozoite protein (CSP), liver-stage antigen type 1 (LSA-1), and thrombospondin-related adhesive protein (TRAP) were measured in 86 children in a malaria-holoendemic area of Kenya. The children were then monitored for episodes of clinical malaria for 52 weeks. Results. Children with high levels of IgG antibodies to CSP, LSA-1, and TRAP had a decreased risk of clinical malaria (adjusted hazard ratio, 0.29; 95% confidence interval 0.10-0.81; P = .02), a lower incidence of clinical malaria (P = .006), protection from clinical malaria with a parasite level of >= 4000 parasites/mu L (P = .03), and a higher hemoglobin level at enrollment (P = .009), compared with children with lower antibody levels. Protection against malaria morbidity was associated primarily with antibodies to CSP and LSA-1. Conclusions. Kenyan children with high levels of IgG antibodies to the pre-erythrocytic antigens CSP, LSA-1, and TRAP have a lower risk of developing clinical malaria than children without high levels of these antibodies. The decreased risk of clinical malaria may be mediated in part by prevention of high-density parasitemia. C1 [John, Chandy C.; Tande, Aaron J.; Min, Xinan M.] Univ Minnesota, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Global Pediat Program, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [John, Chandy C.; Tande, Aaron J.; Min, Xinan M.] Univ Minnesota, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Div Pediat Infect Dis, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. [Moormann, Ann M.; Kazura, James W.] Case Western Reserve Univ, Ctr Global Hlth & Dis, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. [Lanar, David E.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Sumba, Peter O.] Kenya Govt Med Res Ctr, Nairobi, Kenya. RP John, CC (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Global Pediat Program, 420 Delaware St SE,850 Mayo,MMC-296, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. EM ccj@umn.edu RI John, Chandy/B-4164-2008; Lanar, David/B-3560-2011 FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI43906, K08 AI001572, U01 AI043906, U01 AI056270, U01 AI056270-05, AI01572, K08 AI001572-04, R01 AI043906] NR 37 TC 38 Z9 39 U1 0 U2 2 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0022-1899 J9 J INFECT DIS JI J. Infect. Dis. PD FEB 15 PY 2008 VL 197 IS 4 BP 519 EP 526 DI 10.1086/526787 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 263BC UT WOS:000253191600005 PM 18275273 ER PT J AU Barrie, RL Gabb, TP Telesman, J Kantzos, PT Prescenzi, A Biles, T Bonacuse, PJ AF Barrie, R. L. Gabb, T. P. Telesman, J. Kantzos, P. T. Prescenzi, A. Biles, T. Bonacuse, P. J. TI Effectiveness of shot peening in suppressing fatigue cracking at non-metallic inclusions in Udimet (R) 720 SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING LA English DT Article DE shot peening; fatigue; inclusions; superalloy; disk AB The fatigue lives of modem powder metallurgy disk alloys can be reduced over an order of magnitude by cracking at inherent non-metallic inclusions. The objective of this work was to study the effectiveness of shot peening in suppressing LCF crack initiation and growth at surface non-metallic inclusions. Inclusions were carefully introduced at elevated levels during powder metallurgy processing of the nickel-base disk superalloy Udimet (R) 720. Multiple strain-controlled fatigue tests were then performed on machined specimens with and without shot peened test sections at 427 and 650 degrees C. The low cycle fatigue lives and failure initiation sites varied as functions of inclusion content, shot peening, and fatigue conditions. A large majority of the failures in as-machined specimens with the introduced inclusions occurred at cracks initiating from inclusions intersecting the specimen surface. These inclusions reduced fatigue life by up to 100x, when compared to lives of material without inclusions residing at specimen surface. Large inclusions produced the greatest reductions in life for tests at low strain ranges and high strain ratios. Shot peening improved life in many cases by reducing the most severe effects of inclusions. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Gabb, T. P.; Telesman, J.] NASA, Glenn Res Ctr, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA. [Barrie, R. L.] USA Aviat & Missile Command, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35895 USA. [Kantzos, P. T.] Honeywell Engine Syst, Phoenix, AZ 85038 USA. [Prescenzi, A.] Ohio State Univ, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. [Biles, T.] Alcoa Wheel & Forged Prod, Cleveland, OH 44105 USA. [Bonacuse, P. J.] NASA GRC, Army Res Lab, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA. RP Gabb, TP (reprint author), NASA, Glenn Res Ctr, 21000 Brookpk Rd, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA. EM timothy.p.gabb@nasa.gov NR 18 TC 13 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0921-5093 J9 MAT SCI ENG A-STRUCT JI Mater. Sci. Eng. A-Struct. Mater. Prop. Microstruct. Process. PD FEB 15 PY 2008 VL 474 IS 1-2 BP 71 EP 81 DI 10.1016/j.msea.2007.03.100 PG 11 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 260SK UT WOS:000253030500009 ER PT J AU Rahman, MM Moran, MS Thoma, DP Bryant, R Collins, CDH Jackson, T Orr, BJ Tischler, M AF Rahman, M. M. Moran, M. S. Thoma, D. P. Bryant, R. Collins, C. D. Holifield Jackson, T. Orr, B. J. Tischler, M. TI Mapping surface roughness and soil moisture using multi-angle radar imagery without ancillary data SO REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE soil moisture; surface roughness; radar; ENVISAT-ASAR; Integral Equation Model; active microwave ID BACKSCATTERING; LENGTH AB The Integral Equation Model (IEM) is the most widely-used, physically based radar backscatter model for sparsely vegetated landscapes. In general, IEM quantifies the magnitude of backscattering as a function of moisture content and surface roughness, which are unknown, and the known radar configurations. Estimating surface roughness or soil moisture by solving the IEM with two unknowns is a classic example of underdetermination and is at the core of the problems associated with the use of radar imagery coupled with IEM-like models. This study offers a solution strategy to this problem by the use of multi-angle radar images, and thus provides estimates of roughness and soil moisture without the use of ancillary field data. Results showed that radar images can provide estimates of surface soil moisture at the watershed scale with good accuracy. Results at the field scale were less accurate, likely due to the influence of image speckle. Results also showed that subsurface roughness caused by rock fragments in the study sites caused error in conventional applications of IEM based on field measurements, but was minimized by using the multi-angle approach. (C) 2007 Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Rahman, M. M.; Moran, M. S.; Thoma, D. P.; Bryant, R.; Collins, C. D. Holifield] USDA ARS, SW Watershed Res Ctr, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. [Jackson, T.] USDA ARS, Hydrol & Remote Sensing Lab, Washington, DC USA. [Orr, B. J.] Univ Arizona, Off Arid Land Studies, Tucson, AZ USA. [Tischler, M.] USA, Eng Res & Dev Ctr, Topog Engn Ctr, Alexandria, VA USA. RP Rahman, MM (reprint author), USDA ARS, SW Watershed Res Ctr, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. EM magfur@sasktel.net NR 19 TC 70 Z9 78 U1 1 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0034-4257 J9 REMOTE SENS ENVIRON JI Remote Sens. Environ. PD FEB 15 PY 2008 VL 112 IS 2 BP 391 EP 402 DI 10.1016/j.rse.2006.10.026 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 261GW UT WOS:000253068100009 ER PT J AU Thoma, DP Moran, MS Bryant, R Rahman, MM Collins, CDH Keefer, TO Noriega, R Osman, I Skrivin, SM Tischler, MA Bosch, DD Starks, PJ Peters-Lidard, CD AF Thoma, D. P. Moran, M. S. Bryant, R. Rahman, M. M. Collins, C. D. Holifield Keefer, T. O. Noriega, R. Osman, I. Skrivin, S. M. Tischler, M. A. Bosch, D. D. Starks, P. J. Peters-Lidard, C. D. TI Appropriate scale of soil moisture retrieval from high resolution radar imagery for bare and minimally vegetated soils SO REMOTE SENSING OF ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE radar; soil moisture; scale ID SAR DATA; SURFACE; BACKSCATTERING; NOISE; MODEL AB This research investigates the appropriate scale for watershed averaged and site specific soil moisture retrieval from high resolution radar imagery. The first approach involved filtering backscatter for input to a retrieval model that was compared against field measures of soil moisture. The second approach involved spatially averaging raw and filtered imagery in an image-based statistical technique to determine the best scale for site-specific soil moisture retrieval. Field soil moisture was measured at 1225 m(2) sites in three watersheds commensurate with 7 m resolution Radarsat image acquisition. Analysis of speckle reducing block median filters indicated that 5 x 5 filter level was the optimum for watershed averaged estimates of soil moisture. However, median filtering alone did not provide acceptable accuracy for soil moisture retrieval on a site-specific basis. Therefore, spatial averaging of unfiltered and median filtered power values was used to generate backscatter estimates with known confidence for soil moisture retrieval. This combined approach of filtering and averaging was demonstrated at watersheds located in Arizona (AZ), Oklahoma (OK) and Georgia (GA). The optimum ground resolution for AZ, OK and GA study areas was 162 m, 310 m, and 1131 m respectively obtained with unfiltered imagery. This statistical approach does not rely on ground verification of soil moisture for validation and only requires a satellite image and average roughness parameters of the site. When applied at other locations, the resulting optimum ground resolution will depend on the spatial distribution of land surface features that affect radar backscatter. This work offers insight into the accuracy of soil moisture retrieval, and an operational approach to determine the optimal spatial resolution for the required application accuracy. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 [Thoma, D. P.; Moran, M. S.; Bryant, R.; Collins, C. D. Holifield; Keefer, T. O.; Skrivin, S. M.] USDA ARS, SW Watershed Res Ctr, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. [Rahman, M. M.] Saskatchewan Environm Planning & Risk Analysis Di, Regina, SK, Canada. [Osman, I.] Univ Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Tischler, M. A.] USA, Corps Eng Topog Engn Ctr, Alexandria, VA USA. [Bosch, D. D.] USDA ARS, SE Watershed Res Ctr, Tifton, GA 31793 USA. [Starks, P. J.] USDA ARS, Nat Resources Res Unit, El Reno, OK USA. [Peters-Lidard, C. D.] NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Hydrol Sci Branch Code 6143, Greenbelt, MD USA. RP Thoma, DP (reprint author), USDA ARS, SW Watershed Res Ctr, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. EM dave_thoma@nps.gov RI Peters-Lidard, Christa/E-1429-2012 OI Peters-Lidard, Christa/0000-0003-1255-2876 NR 29 TC 29 Z9 30 U1 2 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0034-4257 J9 REMOTE SENS ENVIRON JI Remote Sens. Environ. PD FEB 15 PY 2008 VL 112 IS 2 BP 403 EP 414 DI 10.1016/j.rse.2007.06.021 PG 12 WC Environmental Sciences; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 261GW UT WOS:000253068100010 ER PT J AU Singer, DE Schneerson, R Bautista, CT Rubertone, MV Robbins, JB Taylor, DN AF Singer, Darrell E. Schneerson, Rachel Bautista, Christian T. Rubertone, Mark V. Robbins, John B. Taylor, David N. TI Serum IgG antibody response to the protective antigen (PA) of Bacillus anthracis induced by anthrax vaccine adsorbed (AVA) among US military personnel SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE anthrax; vaccine; IgG; Bacillus anthracis; military ID INHALATION ANTHRAX; TOXIN; IMMUNOGENICITY; HUMANS; SAFETY; IMMUNIZATION; CHALLENGE; IMMUNITY; CHILDREN; CEREUS AB The seroconversion rates and geometric mean concentrations (GMC) of IgG anti-PA for stored sera from U.S. military personnel. immunized 3, 4, and 6 times with the U.S. licensed anthrax vaccine adsorbed were studied. Anti-PA IgG concentrations were measured by ELISA. All. 246 vaccines had low but detectable pre-immunization anti-PA IgG (GMC 1.83 mu g/ml). Three doses elicited a GMC of 59.92 mu g/mL and a seroconversion rate of 85.3%, four doses elicited a GMC of 157.44 mu g/mL and 67.9% and the sixth of 276.95 mu g/ml and 45.5%, respectively. The forth dose elicited 100% seroconversion compared to the pre-immunization level. These results should facilitate comparison between different immunization schedules and new vaccines. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Singer, Darrell E.; Bautista, Christian T.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Retrovirol, Rockville, MD USA. [Singer, Darrell E.; Bautista, Christian T.] US Mil Acad, HIV Res Program, Rockville, MD USA. [Schneerson, Rachel; Robbins, John B.] NICHHD, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Rubertone, Mark V.] USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Army Med Surveillance Activ, Washington, DC 20310 USA. [Taylor, David N.] Vaxlnnate Corp, Cranbury, NJ USA. RP Singer, DE (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Retrovirol, Rockville, MD USA. EM dsinger@hivresearch.org RI Bautista, Christian/B-2812-2011 FU Intramural NIH HHS [Z01 HD008779-03] NR 23 TC 13 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD FEB 13 PY 2008 VL 26 IS 7 BP 869 EP 873 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2007.11.085 PG 5 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 268LG UT WOS:000253580700002 PM 18206278 ER PT J AU Readinger, ED Metcalfe, GD Shen, H Wraback, M AF Readinger, E. D. Metcalfe, G. D. Shen, H. Wraback, M. TI GaN doped with neodymium by plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID INFRARED ELECTROLUMINESCENCE; ROOM-TEMPERATURE; THIN-FILMS; PHOTOLUMINESCENCE AB We report in situ doping of GaN with the rare earth element Nd by plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy. For the highest Nd effusion cell temperatures, Rutherford backscattering and secondary ion mass spectroscopy data indicate similar to 5 at. % Nd in epilayers grown on c-plane sapphire. X-ray diffraction found no evidence of phase segregation under nitrogen-rich conditions with up to similar to 1 at. % Nd, with the highest luminescence intensities corresponding to doping of similar to 0.5 at. %. Spectral correlation of the Nd emission multiplets for above (325 nm) and below (836 nm) GaN bandgap excitations implies enhanced substitutional doping at the Ga site. (c) 2008 American Institute of Physics. C1 [Readinger, E. D.; Metcalfe, G. D.; Shen, H.; Wraback, M.] USA, Res Lab, Sensors & Electron Devices Directorate, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Readinger, ED (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Sensors & Electron Devices Directorate, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM eric.readinger@us.army.mil NR 10 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD FEB 11 PY 2008 VL 92 IS 6 AR 061108 DI 10.1063/1.2844850 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 263SX UT WOS:000253237900008 ER PT J AU Nevin, RL Pietrusiak, PP Caci, JB AF Nevin, Remington L. Pietrusiak, Paul P. Caci, Jennifer B. TI Prevalence of contraindications to mefloquine use among USA military personnel deployed to Afghanistan SO MALARIA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID HEALTH; MALARIA; SERVICE; TAFENOQUINE; IRAQ; WAR AB Background: Mefloquine has historically been considered safe and well-tolerated for long-term malaria chemoprophylaxis, but its prescribing requires careful attention to rule out contraindications to its use, including a history of certain psychiatric and neurological disorders. The prevalence of these disorders has not been defined in cohorts of U. S. military personnel deployed to areas where long-term malaria chemoprophylaxis is indicated. Methods: Military medical surveillance and pharmacosurveillance databases were utilized to identify contraindications to mefloquine use among a cohort of 11,725 active duty U. S. military personnel recently deployed to Afghanistan. Results: A total of 9.6% of the cohort had evidence of a contraindication. Females were more than twice as likely as males to have a contraindication (OR = 2.48, P < 0.001). Conclusion: These findings underscore the importance of proper systematic screening prior to prescribing and dispensing mefloquine, and the need to provide alternatives to mefloquine suitable for long-term administration among deployed U. S. military personnel. C1 [Nevin, Remington L.] USA, Med Surveillance Activ, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. [Pietrusiak, Paul P.] USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. [Caci, Jennifer B.] Airborne Div 82nd, Ft Bragg, NC 28310 USA. RP Nevin, RL (reprint author), USA, Med Surveillance Activ, 2900 Linden Lane,Suite 200, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM remington.nevin@us.army.mil; paul.pietrusiak@us.army.mil; jennifer.caci@us.army.mil OI Nevin, Remington/0000-0002-0534-1889 NR 17 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 2 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1475-2875 J9 MALARIA J JI Malar. J. PD FEB 11 PY 2008 VL 7 AR 30 DI 10.1186/1475-2875-7-30 PG 5 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA 272MJ UT WOS:000253863200001 PM 18267019 ER PT J AU Hunley, MT Harber, A Orlicki, JA Rawlett, AM Long, TE AF Hunley, Matthew T. Harber, Adam Orlicki, Joshua A. Rawlett, Adam M. Long, Timothy E. TI Effect of hyperbranched surface-migrating. additives on the electrospinning Behavior of poly(methyl methacrylate) SO LANGMUIR LA English DT Article ID POLYMER NANOFIBERS; FIBER FORMATION; GOOD SOLVENT; SCAFFOLDS AB Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) was electrospun in the presence of a low molecular weight, hyperbranched poly(ethylene imine) additive partially functionalized with perfluorinated and aliphatic end-groups (M-n similar to 1600g/mol). The additive exhibited surface segregation with an insignificant influence on the rheological behavior of PMMA solutions. A morphological transition from beaded electrospun fibers to uniform fibers was observed upon introduction of additive at low PMMA concentrations. XPS revealed a surface enrichment of fluorine and nitrogen, which are both present in the hyperbranched additive. Surface fluorine,content depended primarily on the amount of additive in solution, and a dependency on the. PMMA/additive weight ratio was not observed. C1 [Long, Timothy E.] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Chem, Blacksburg, VA 24060 USA. [Long, Timothy E.] Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Macromol Interfaces Inst, Blacksburg, VA 24060 USA. [Orlicki, Joshua A.; Rawlett, Adam M.] USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Long, TE (reprint author), Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Chem, Blacksburg, VA 24060 USA. EM telong@vt.edu NR 33 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 2 U2 18 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0743-7463 J9 LANGMUIR JI Langmuir PD FEB 5 PY 2008 VL 24 IS 3 BP 654 EP 657 DI 10.1021/la703119a PG 4 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 257CV UT WOS:000252777700013 PM 18161999 ER PT J AU Henz, BJ Hawa, T Zachariah, MR AF Henz, Brian J. Hawa, Takurni Zachariah, Michael R. TI Mechano-chemical stability of gold nanoparticles coated with alkanethiolate SAMs SO LANGMUIR LA English DT Article ID SELF-ASSEMBLED MONOLAYERS; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS SIMULATIONS; EMBEDDED-ATOM-METHOD; AU(111) SURFACE; ORGANOSULFUR COMPOUNDS; SILICON NANOPARTICLES; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; FCC METALS; CHEMISORPTION; TEMPERATURE AB Molecular dynamics simulations are used to probe the structure and stability of alkanethiolate self-assembled monolayers (SAMs) on gold nanoparticles. We observed that the surface of gold nanoparticles becomes highly corrugated by the adsorption of the SAMs. Furthermore, as the temperature is increased, the SAMs dissolve into the gold nanoparticle, creating a liquid mixture at temperatures much lower than the melting temperature of the gold nanoparticle. By analyzing the mechanical and chemical properties of gold nanoparticles at temperatures below the melting point of gold, with different SAM chain lengths and surface coverage properties, we determined that the system is metastable. The model and computational results that provide support for this hypothesis are presented. C1 [Hawa, Takurni; Zachariah, Michael R.] Univ Maryland, Dept Mech Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Hawa, Takurni; Zachariah, Michael R.] Univ Maryland, Dept Chem & Biochem, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Hawa, Takurni; Zachariah, Michael R.] Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. [Henz, Brian J.] USA, Ballist Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Zachariah, MR (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Mech Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM mrz@umd.edu NR 61 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 15 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0743-7463 J9 LANGMUIR JI Langmuir PD FEB 5 PY 2008 VL 24 IS 3 BP 773 EP 783 DI 10.1021/la7024473 PG 11 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 257CV UT WOS:000252777700032 PM 18189429 ER PT J AU Lamm, MS Sharma, N Rajagopal, K Beyer, FL Schneider, JP Pochan, DJ AF Lamm, Matthew S. Sharma, Nikhil Rajagopal, Karthikan Beyer, Frederick L. Schneider, Joel P. Pochan, Darrin J. TI Laterally spaced linear nanoparticle arrays templated by laminated beta-sheet fibrils SO ADVANCED MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID TOBACCO-MOSAIC-VIRUS; DESIGNED PEPTIDE; NANOCOMPONENT ARRAYS; GOLD PARTICLES; DNA; ASSEMBLIES; FABRICATION; NANOWIRES; HYDROGELS; NANOTUBES AB Parallel, linear gold nanoparticle arrays with a periodic lateral spacing have been created via templated assembly. The template is a de novo designed peptide that self-assembles into beta-sheet fibrils exhibiting a laminated morphology. Regular arrangement of positively charged lysine residues across the width of the fibril and complementary electrostatic interactions with negatively charged gold nanoparticles directs the particles into linear arrays (see figure). C1 [Rajagopal, Karthikan; Schneider, Joel P.] Univ Delaware, Dept Chem & Biochem, Newark, DE 19716 USA. [Lamm, Matthew S.; Sharma, Nikhil; Pochan, Darrin J.] Univ Delaware, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Newark, DE 19716 USA. [Beyer, Frederick L.] USA, Res Lab, AMSRD ARL WM MA, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Schneider, JP (reprint author), Univ Delaware, Dept Chem & Biochem, Newark, DE 19716 USA. EM schneijp@udel.edu; pochan@udel.edu RI Rajagopal, Karthikan/B-7888-2009; Schneider, Joel/N-2610-2014 NR 36 TC 49 Z9 49 U1 1 U2 31 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0935-9648 J9 ADV MATER JI Adv. Mater. PD FEB 4 PY 2008 VL 20 IS 3 BP 447 EP + DI 10.1002/adma.200701413 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 264YE UT WOS:000253325500010 ER PT J AU Shukla, MK Dubey, M Leszczynski, J AF Shukla, Marl K. Dubey, Madan Leszczynski, Jerzy TI Theoretical investigation of electronic structures and propertiesof C-60-gold nanocontacts SO ACS NANO LA English DT Article DE C-60; gold cluster; nanocontact; charge transfer; nanomaterials; Fermi level ID CARBON NANOTUBES; MOLECULAR DEVICES; C-60; DENSITY; TRANSPORT; GOLD; FULLERENE; AU(111); SIZE; SPECTROSCOPY AB A theoretical study was performed to understand the structures and properties of C-60-gold nanocontacts. In this investigation, C-60 was sandwiched between gold clusters. In the studied clusters, the number of Au atoms varied from 2 to 8 on each side of C-60. Molecular geometries of the investigated complexes were optimized at the density functional theory level, employing the B3LYP functional. The 6-31G(d) basis set was used for carbon atoms, while the LANL2DZ effective core potential was used for gold atoms. Geometries of all complexes were optimized under C-2h symmetry except for the C-60-10Au complex, for which C-2 symmetry was assumed. Two different configurations, namely eta(2(5)) and eta(2(6)), for the binding of Au clusters with C-60 were considered. It was revealed that complexes corresponding to the latter configuration are more stable than those having the former one. Ground-state geometries of the complexes involving odd numbers of gold atoms on each side of C-60 were found to be represented by the triplet configuration. The HOMO-LUMO energy gaps of C-60-gold complexes were found to be lower than that of isolated C-60. The charge transport properties in the studied system are discussed in terms of molecular orbitals and the Fermi level. C1 [Shukla, Marl K.; Leszczynski, Jerzy] Jackson State Univ, Dept Chem, Computat Ctr Mol Struct & Interact, Jackson, MS 39217 USA. [Dubey, Madan] USA, Res Lab, Sensors & Elect Devices Directorate, AMSRD ARL SE RL, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Leszczynski, J (reprint author), Jackson State Univ, Dept Chem, Computat Ctr Mol Struct & Interact, Jackson, MS 39217 USA. EM jerzy@ccmsi.us NR 55 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1936-0851 J9 ACS NANO JI ACS Nano PD FEB PY 2008 VL 2 IS 2 BP 227 EP 234 DI 10.1021/nn700080p PG 8 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA 267IS UT WOS:000253503300011 PM 19206622 ER PT J AU Chandler, MQ Horstemeyer, MF Baskes, MI Wagner, GJ Gullett, PM Jelinek, B AF Chandler, Mei Q. Horstemeyer, M. F. Baskes, M. I. Wagner, G. J. Gullett, P. M. Jelinek, B. TI Hydrogen effects on nanovoid nucleation at nickel grain boundaries SO ACTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE hydrogen; grain boundaries; nanovoid nucleation; molecular dynamics ID ASSISTED DUCTILE FRACTURE; POLYCRYSTALLINE NICKEL; MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; LATTICE-DEFECTS; VOID NUCLEATION; CHARGED NICKEL; DISLOCATIONS; METALS; STEEL AB We performed molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to study hydrogen effects on nanovoid nucleation at nickel grain boundaries using an embedded atom method (EAM) potential. Monte Carlo (MC) simulations were performed to introduce hydrogen atoms in low-angle and high-angle symmetrical [00 1] tilt boundaries at 300 K for analysis of plasticity and nanovoid nucleation. The simulation results show that hydrogen atoms were trapped at the grain boundaries and reduced the critical stresses and strains for nanovoid nucleation. The MD results also show that the effects of hydrogen on nanovoid nucleation depended on the grain-boundary hydrogen concentration regardless of the grain-boundary misorientations. The MD results were then inserted into a new hydrogen associated void nucleation model that operates as an internal state variable in the context of continuum thermodynamic plasticity. Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of Acta Materialia Inc. C1 [Chandler, Mei Q.; Horstemeyer, M. F.] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Baskes, M. I.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Wagner, G. J.] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Gullett, P. M.] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Civil Engn, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Jelinek, B.] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. RP Chandler, MQ (reprint author), USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. EM Mei.Q.Chandler@erde.usace.army.mil RI Jelinek, Bohumir/C-4376-2008; Wagner, Gregory/I-4377-2015; OI Jelinek, Bohumir/0000-0002-2622-4235; Horstemeyer, Mark/0000-0003-4230-0063 NR 51 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 2 U2 22 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6454 J9 ACTA MATER JI Acta Mater. PD FEB PY 2008 VL 56 IS 3 BP 619 EP 631 DI 10.1016/j.actamat.2007.10.037 PG 13 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 260OZ UT WOS:000253020900033 ER PT J AU Hampton, RD Leamy, MJ Bryan, PJ Quraishi, N AF Hampton, R. David Leamy, Michael J. Bryan, Paul J. Quraishi, Naveed TI Deformation and flexibility equations for curved, end-loaded, planar elastica SO AIAA JOURNAL LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT AIAA 41st Aerospace Sciences Meeting and Exhibit CY JAN 06-09, 2003 CL RENO, NV SP Amer Inst Aeronaut & Astronaut ID GEOMETRICALLY EXACT; COMPUTATIONAL ASPECTS; FINITE ROTATIONS; DYNAMIC ANALYSIS; FLEXIBLE BEAMS; MOTIONS; RODS; IMPLEMENTATION; FORMULATION; ELEMENTS AB The International Space Station relies on the active rack isolation system as the central component of an integrated, station-wide strategy to isolate microgravity space-science experiments. The isolation system uses electromechanical actuators to isolate an international standard payload rack from disturbances due to the motion of the station. Disturbances to microgravity experiments on isolated racks are transmitted primarily via the isolation-system power and vacuum umbilicals. Experimental tests indicate that these umbilicals resonate at frequencies outside the controller's bandwidth, at levels of potential concern for certain microgravity experiments. Reduction in the umbilical resonant frequencies could help to address this issue. Toward that end, this work documents the development and verification of static equations for the in-plane deflections and flexibilities of an idealized umbilical (thin, flexible, elastic, inextensible, prismatic cantilever beam) under endpoint, in-plane loading (inclined force and moment). Gravity is neglected due to the on-orbit application. The analysis assumes that the umbilical experiences large static deflections from a reference curve describing its relaxed configuration, for which the slope follows a quadratic function of arc length. The treatment is applicable to the power and vacuum umbilicals, under the indicated assumptions. C1 [Hampton, R. David] US Mil Acad, Dept Civil Engn & Mech, West Point, NY 10996 USA. [Leamy, Michael J.] Mitre Corp, Emerging Technol Off, Mclean, VA 22102 USA. [Bryan, Paul J.] United Def, Dept Engn, Louisville, KY 40214 USA. [Quraishi, Naveed] NASA, Lyndon B Johnson Space Ctr, Int Space Stn Payloads Off, Act Rack Isolat Syst Int Space Stn Characterizat, Houston, TX 77058 USA. RP Hampton, RD (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Civil Engn & Mech, West Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 37 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA SN 0001-1452 J9 AIAA J JI AIAA J. PD FEB PY 2008 VL 46 IS 2 BP 356 EP 363 DI 10.2514/1.18467 PG 8 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA 257TZ UT WOS:000252822800007 ER PT J AU Royer, MC Rush, WL Lupton, GP AF Royer, Michael C. Rush, Walter L. Lupton, George P. TI Hepatocellular carcinoma presenting as a precocious cutaneous metastasis SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF DERMATOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE cutaneous metastases; hepatocellular carcinoma; immunohistochemistry ID RENAL-CELL CARCINOMA; HEPATOCYTE PARAFFIN-1; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY; PYOGENIC GRANULOMA; CHEST-WALL; IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY; DIAGNOSIS; CANCER; TUMORS; MASS AB The authors report a case of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) diagnosed by evaluation of a cutaneous metastasis in a patient without a prior diagnosis of HCC. Subsequent evaluation confirmed the presence of additional widespread metastatic disease. The medical literature is reviewed with regards to cutaneous metastasis, including precocious metastasis, of HCC. The pathologic evaluation of HCC is reviewed, including a discussion of the immunohistochemical profile of this malignancy and the utility of hepatocyte paraffin 1, CD10, and polyclonal carcinoembryonic antigen (pCEA) immunohistochemical stains. C1 [Royer, Michael C.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Royer, Michael C.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Area Lab Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Rush, Walter L.; Lupton, George P.] Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Dept Dermatopathol, Washington, DC 20306 USA. RP Royer, MC (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, 6900 Georgia Ave NW,Bldg 2,Ward 47, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM michael.royer1@us.army.mil NR 25 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0193-1091 J9 AM J DERMATOPATH JI Am. J. Dermatopathol. PD FEB PY 2008 VL 30 IS 1 BP 77 EP 80 PG 4 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 253JX UT WOS:000252515600018 PM 18212552 ER PT J AU Turell, MJ Parker, MD AF Turell, Michael J. Parker, Michael D. TI Protection of hamsters by Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus candidate vaccine V3526 against lethal challenge by mosquito bite and intraperitoneal injection SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID SALIVARY-GLAND EXTRACTS; WEST-NILE-VIRUS; AEDES-AEGYPTI; CDNA-CLONE; IN-VITRO; TRANSMISSION; INFECTION; ENCEPHALOMYELITIS; REPLICATION; MUTATIONS AB In an attempt to improve the current live, attenuated vaccine (TC-83) for Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (VEEV), specific mutations associated with attenuation of VEEV in rodent models were inserted into a full-length cDNA clone of the Trinidad donkey strain of VEEV by site-directed mutagenesis. Because some viruses have been reported to be more pathogenic when introduced by mosquito bite than the same virus introduced by needle inoculation, there were concerns that the presence of mosquito saliva, or changes in the virus caused by replication in a mosquito, might allow the virus to overcome the protective effects of prior vaccination with V3526. Therefore, we determined if hamsters vaccinated with V3526 were protected from challenge with the virulent Trinidad donkey strain of VEEV. All non-vaccinated hamsters died after intraperitoneal challenge or after being fed on by VEEV-inoculated Aedes taenio-rhynchus. In contrast, hamsters vaccinated with V3526 were resistant to intraperitoneal challenge and infection by VEEV-infected Ae. taeniorhynchus. Therefore, the V3526 candidate vaccine elicits protection against VEEV infection by mosquito bite. C1 [Turell, Michael J.; Parker, Michael D.] USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Virol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Turell, MJ (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Virol, 1425 Porter St, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM michael.turell@amedd.army.mil NR 24 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD FEB PY 2008 VL 78 IS 2 BP 328 EP 332 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 259VP UT WOS:000252969300033 PM 18256440 ER PT J AU Turell, MJ Whitehouse, CA Butler, A Baldwin, C Hottel, H Mores, CN AF Turell, Michael J. Whitehouse, Chris A. Butler, Ashley Baldwin, Carson Hottel, Hannah Mores, Christopher N. TI Assay for and replication of Karshi (mammalian tick-borne flavivirus group) virus in mice SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID ORNITHODOROS-SONRAI ACARI; EXPERIMENTAL TRANSMISSION; SOFT TICK; ENCEPHALITIS; ARGASIDAE; TAXONOMY AB Little is known about the replication of Karshi virus, a member of the mammalian tick-borne flavivirus group, in its rodent hosts. Therefore, we developed a quantitative real-time RT-PCR assay and measured the amount of viral RNA in selected tissues of infected Swiss Webster mice. Two-day-old mice were highly susceptible, with 100% fatality 9 to 12 days after infection, whereas infection in 9-day-old mice was less virulent, with death occurring only rarely. In nearly all cases, mice inoculated when 2 days old contained similar numbers of viral genome equivalents from blood and liver samples from any given mouse, with titers declining after day 7. In contrast, the amount of viral RNA in the brain began to rise rapidly 4 days after exposure, peaked at about 6 days after virus exposure (titer of > 10(13) genome equivalents/g), and remained at that level until euthanasia or death. Viral profiles were similar in needle-inoculated or tick-exposed mice. C1 [Turell, Michael J.] USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Virol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. [Whitehouse, Chris A.; Butler, Ashley; Baldwin, Carson; Hottel, Hannah] USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Diagnost Syst Div, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. [Mores, Christopher N.] Univ Florida, Florida Med Entomol Lab, Vero Beach, FL USA. RP Turell, MJ (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Virol, 1425 Porter St, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM Michael.turell@amedd.army.mil NR 9 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD FEB PY 2008 VL 78 IS 2 BP 344 EP 347 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 259VP UT WOS:000252969300036 PM 18256443 ER PT J AU Cohen, SP WenzeH, D Larkin, TM AF Cohen, Steven P. WenzeH, Daniel Larkin, Thomas M. TI A critique of intradiscal administration for treatment of radiculopathy - In Reply SO ANESTHESIOLOGY LA English DT Letter ID TUMOR-NECROSIS-FACTOR; DOUBLE-BLIND; FACTOR-ALPHA; PAIN; TRIAL; RATS C1 [Cohen, Steven P.; WenzeH, Daniel; Larkin, Thomas M.] Johns Hopkins Sch Med, Baltimore, MD USA. [Cohen, Steven P.; WenzeH, Daniel; Larkin, Thomas M.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Cohen, SP (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Sch Med, Baltimore, MD USA. EM scohcn40@jhmi.cdu NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0003-3022 J9 ANESTHESIOLOGY JI Anesthesiology PD FEB PY 2008 VL 108 IS 2 BP 335 EP 335 PG 1 WC Anesthesiology SC Anesthesiology GA 255HY UT WOS:000252650200029 ER PT J AU Dickinson, S Rogers, T Kasiske, B Bertog, S Tadros, G Malik, J Wilson, R Panetta, C AF Dickinson, Stacy Rogers, Tyson Kasiske, Bert Bertog, Stefan Tadros, George Malik, Jamil Wilson, Robert Panetta, Carmelo TI Coronary artery disease in young women and men with long-standing insulin-dependent diabetes SO ANGIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE young people; insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus; coronary artery disease ID HEART-DISEASE; RISK-FACTORS; MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; VASCULAR-DISEASE; CLINICAL CONSEQUENCES; RENAL-TRANSPLANTATION; MEDICAL THERAPY; CHEST-PAIN; COMPLICATIONS; PREDICTION AB The prevalence and predictors of coronary artery disease were examined in people aged 40 years and younger with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. Analysis was performed on those who presented between 1999 and 2003 for kidney and/or pancreas transplant at the University of Minnesota, as all patients who have diabetes mellitus are required to have perioperative cardiology evaluation. The mean age was 33.5 +/- 4.4 years for 88 subjects, all had insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, and 33% were dialysis dependent. Severe coronary artery disease was found in 18.2% of women and in 24.2% of men. Three-vessel coronary artery disease trended less in women (9.1%) compared with men (12.1%). Multivariate predictors for severe and 3-vessel coronary artery disease included prior coronary artery disease, hypertension duration, and ST-T wave changes on electrocardiogram. Coronary artery disease is twice as high as expected in young woman. Studies on early management for atherosclerosis are warranted in this high-risk population. C1 [Dickinson, Stacy; Rogers, Tyson; Kasiske, Bert; Bertog, Stefan; Wilson, Robert; Panetta, Carmelo] Univ Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN USA. [Tadros, George] N Mem Hosp, Robbinsdale, MN USA. [Panetta, Carmelo] Pk Nicollet Hlth Serv, St Louis Pk, MN USA. [Malik, Jamil] USA, El Paso, TX USA. RP Panetta, C (reprint author), 6500 Excelsior Blvd, St Louis Pk, MN 55426 USA. EM panet002@umn.edu NR 32 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0003-3197 J9 ANGIOLOGY JI Angiology PD FEB-MAY PY 2008 VL 59 IS 1 BP 9 EP 15 DI 10.1177/0003319707304579 PG 7 WC Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 264XH UT WOS:000253323200002 PM 18319217 ER PT J AU Adams, BD McHugh, KJA Bryson, SA Dabuiewicz, J AF Adams, Bruce D. McHugh, Ked Jo A. Bryson, Scott A. Dabuiewicz, Joanne TI The law of unintended consequences: The joint commission regulations and the digital rectal examination SO ANNALS OF EMERGENCY MEDICINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT ACEP Research Forum CY SEP, 2005 CL Washington, DC SP ACEP ID CHILDREN; PAIN AB Study objective: The Joint Commission (TJC) recently issued stringent regulations about quality control testing of waived laboratory tests. Many hospitals subsequently instituted detailed procedures for performing, evaluating, documenting, and tracking point-of-care testing for fecal occult blood testing. We hypothesize that implementing this policy would generate an "opportunity cost" because busy physicians would need to compensate for this additional time required by reducing the frequency of digital rectal examinations or fecal occult blood testing. Methods: We designed a before/after study to measure use of digital rectal examination and fecal occult blood testing in a single-center study between 2002 and 2003. The experimental intervention was implementation of TJC-based hospital policy requiring physicians to manually document fecal occult blood testing quality control data. Charts were screened for 6 a priori established index diagnoses: abdominal pain, gastrointestinal bleeding, chest pain, constipation, diarrhea, and syncope/presyncope. Trained data extractors recorded the presence or absence of digital rectal examination and fecal occult blood testing by using explicit medical record review methods, and rates of both digital rectal examination and fecal occult blood testing were calculated. Results: We screened 3,337 charts and 788 met our inclusion criteria. For the primary outcome, physicians performed 16.7% fewer digital rectal examinations after implementation of the policy (41.3% versus 24.6%). Fecal occult blood testing decreased by 18.7% (38.5% versus 19.8%). Conclusion: TJC-inspired point-of-care testing policy was negatively and unintentionally associated with physician examinations, most notably the performance of a digital rectal examination. Institutional regulations designed for patient safety may unintentionally influence patient care. Economists describe this paradoxic phenomenon as the Law of Unintended Consequences. The costs and benefits of such policies should be analyzed before implementation and enforcement of new medical regulations. C1 [Adams, Bruce D.; Dabuiewicz, Joanne] Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Emergency Med, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. [McHugh, Ked Jo A.] San Antonio Uniformed Hlth Educ Consortium, Dept Emergency Med, Ft Sam Houston, TX USA. [Bryson, Scott A.] Madigan Army Med Ctr, Dept Emergency Med, Tacoma, WA 98431 USA. RP Adams, BD (reprint author), William Beaumont Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, USA, El Paso, TX 79920 USA. EM Bruce.Adams@amedd.army.mil NR 16 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0196-0644 J9 ANN EMERG MED JI Ann. Emerg. Med. PD FEB PY 2008 VL 51 IS 2 BP 197 EP 201 DI 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2007.07.022 PG 5 WC Emergency Medicine SC Emergency Medicine GA 256JO UT WOS:000252725000016 PM 17961818 ER PT J AU Vertrees, AE Ellsworth, RE Love, B Hooke, JA Shriver, CD AF Vertrees, A. E. Ellsworth, R. E. Love, B. Hooke, J. A. Shriver, C. D. TI Identification of chromosomal changes associated with the transition from in situ to invasive breast cancer SO ANNALS OF SURGICAL ONCOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 61st Annual Cancer Symposium of the Society-of-Surgical-Oncology CY MAR 13-16, 2008 CL Chicago, IL SP Soc Surg Oncol C1 [Vertrees, A. E.; Hooke, J. A.; Shriver, C. D.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Clin Breast Care Project, Washington, DC USA. [Ellsworth, R. E.] Windber Res Inst, Clin Breast Care Project, Windber, PA USA. [Love, B.] Invitrogen Informat, Carlsbad, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1068-9265 J9 ANN SURG ONCOL JI Ann. Surg. Oncol. PD FEB PY 2008 VL 15 SU 2 BP 7 EP 7 PG 1 WC Oncology; Surgery SC Oncology; Surgery GA 258RT UT WOS:000252887900017 ER PT J AU Saha, S Bilchik, A Beutler, T Stojadinovic, A Viehl, C Bembenek, A Kitagawa, Y Jiri, D Codignola, C Cserni, G AF Saha, S. Bilchik, A. Beutler, T. Stojadinovic, A. Viehl, C. Bembenek, A. Kitagawa, Y. Jiri, D. Codignola, C. Cserni, G. TI Validation of sentinel lymph node (SLN) mapping (M) in colon cancer (Cca) over 3 continents: An international experience SO ANNALS OF SURGICAL ONCOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 61st Annual Cancer Symposium of the Society-of-Surgical-Oncology CY MAR 13-16, 2008 CL Chicago, IL SP Soc Surg Oncol C1 [Saha, S.] McLaren Reg Med Ctr, Flint, MI USA. [Bilchik, A.] John Wayne Canc Ctr, Santa Monica, CA USA. [Beutler, T.] Johnny Carson Canc Ctr, Norfolk, VA USA. [Stojadinovic, A.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC USA. [Viehl, C.] Kantonsspital Olten, Olten, Switzerland. [Bembenek, A.] Univ Hosp Charite, Berlin, Germany. [Kitagawa, Y.] Keio Univ, Sch Med, Tokyo, Japan. [Jiri, D.] Chirurg Oddeleni Nemocnice Atlas Zlin, Zlin, Czech Republic. [Codignola, C.] Fdn Poliambulanza, Brescia, Italy. [Cserni, G.] Bacs Kiskun Cty Teaching Hosp, Bacs Kiskun, Hungary. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1068-9265 J9 ANN SURG ONCOL JI Ann. Surg. Oncol. PD FEB PY 2008 VL 15 SU 2 BP 23 EP 24 PG 2 WC Oncology; Surgery SC Oncology; Surgery GA 258RT UT WOS:000252887900071 ER PT J AU Ellsworth, R Ellsworth, DL Patney, HL Love, B Hooke, JA Shriver, CD AF Ellsworth, R. Ellsworth, D. L. Patney, H. L. Love, B. Hooke, J. A. Shriver, C. D. TI Genetic alterations associated with breast tumor metastasis SO ANNALS OF SURGICAL ONCOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 61st Annual Cancer Symposium of the Society-of-Surgical-Oncology CY MAR 13-16, 2008 CL Chicago, IL SP Soc Surg Oncol C1 [Ellsworth, R.; Ellsworth, D. L.; Patney, H. L.] Windber Res Inst, Windber, PA USA. [Love, B.] Invitrogen Informat, Carlsbad, CA USA. [Hooke, J. A.; Shriver, C. D.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1068-9265 J9 ANN SURG ONCOL JI Ann. Surg. Oncol. PD FEB PY 2008 VL 15 SU 2 BP 25 EP 26 PG 2 WC Oncology; Surgery SC Oncology; Surgery GA 258RT UT WOS:000252887900079 ER PT J AU Sohn, V Arthurs, Z Sebesta, J Brown, T Husain, F AF Sohn, V. Arthurs, Z. Sebesta, J. Brown, T. Husain, F. TI The association of ethnicity with presentation and mortality in breast cancer SO ANNALS OF SURGICAL ONCOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 61st Annual Cancer Symposium of the Society-of-Surgical-Oncology CY MAR 13-16, 2008 CL Chicago, IL SP Soc Surg Oncol C1 [Sohn, V.; Arthurs, Z.; Sebesta, J.; Brown, T.] Madigan Army Med Ctr, Tacoma, WA USA. [Husain, F.] Keller Army Commun Hosp, West Point, NY USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1068-9265 J9 ANN SURG ONCOL JI Ann. Surg. Oncol. PD FEB PY 2008 VL 15 SU 2 BP 25 EP 25 PG 1 WC Oncology; Surgery SC Oncology; Surgery GA 258RT UT WOS:000252887900078 ER PT J AU Ellsworth, R Hooke, JA Shriver, CD AF Ellsworth, R. Hooke, J. A. Shriver, C. D. TI Pathological characteristics of breast tumors in African American women treated within an equal-access health-care system: biological and molecular contributions to the aggressive phenotype and poor clinical outcomes SO ANNALS OF SURGICAL ONCOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 61st Annual Cancer Symposium of the Society-of-Surgical-Oncology CY MAR 13-16, 2008 CL Chicago, IL SP Soc Surg Oncol C1 [Ellsworth, R.] Windber Res Inst, Windber, PA USA. [Hooke, J. A.; Shriver, C. D.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1068-9265 J9 ANN SURG ONCOL JI Ann. Surg. Oncol. PD FEB PY 2008 VL 15 SU 2 BP 37 EP 37 PG 1 WC Oncology; Surgery SC Oncology; Surgery GA 258RT UT WOS:000252887900111 ER PT J AU Ellsworth, DL Ellsworth, R Becker, TE Deyarmin, B Patney, HL Hooke, JA Shriver, CD AF Ellsworth, D. L. Ellsworth, R. Becker, T. E. Deyarmin, B. Patney, H. L. Hooke, J. A. Shriver, C. D. TI The genomic heritage of lymph node metastases: implications for clinical management of patients with breast cancer SO ANNALS OF SURGICAL ONCOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 61st Annual Cancer Symposium of the Society-of-Surgical-Oncology CY MAR 13-16, 2008 CL Chicago, IL SP Soc Surg Oncol C1 [Ellsworth, D. L.; Ellsworth, R.; Deyarmin, B.; Patney, H. L.] Windber Res Inst, Windber, CT USA. [Becker, T. E.; Hooke, J. A.; Shriver, C. D.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1068-9265 J9 ANN SURG ONCOL JI Ann. Surg. Oncol. PD FEB PY 2008 VL 15 SU 2 BP 41 EP 42 PG 2 WC Oncology; Surgery SC Oncology; Surgery GA 258RT UT WOS:000252887900125 ER PT J AU Henry, LR Shaha, A Solomon, N Howard, R Gurevich-Uvena, J Horst, L Orlikoff, R Libutti, S Stojadinovic, A AF Henry, L. R. Shaha, A. Solomon, N. Howard, R. Gurevich-Uvena, J. Horst, L. Orlikoff, R. Libutti, S. Stojadinovic, A. TI Functional voice implications of sternothyroid muscle division during thyroidectomy SO ANNALS OF SURGICAL ONCOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 61st Annual Cancer Symposium of the Society-of-Surgical-Oncology CY MAR 13-16, 2008 CL Chicago, IL SP Soc Surg Oncol C1 [Henry, L. R.] Natl Naval Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Bethesda, MD USA. [Shaha, A.] Mem Sloan Kettering Canc Ctr, New York, NY USA. [Solomon, N.; Howard, R.; Gurevich-Uvena, J.; Horst, L.; Stojadinovic, A.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC USA. [Orlikoff, R.] Seton Hall Univ, S Orange, NJ 07079 USA. [Libutti, S.] Natl Canc Inst, Bethesda, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1068-9265 J9 ANN SURG ONCOL JI Ann. Surg. Oncol. PD FEB PY 2008 VL 15 SU 2 BP 48 EP 48 PG 1 WC Oncology; Surgery SC Oncology; Surgery GA 258RT UT WOS:000252887900146 ER PT J AU Benavides, LC Gates, JD Arnin, A Holmes, JP Carmichael, MG Hueman, MT Craig, D Stojadinovic, A Ponniah, S Peoples, GE AF Benavides, L. C. Gates, J. D. Arnin, A. Holmes, J. P. Carmichael, M. G. Hueman, M. T. Craig, D. Stojadinovic, A. Ponniah, S. Peoples, G. E. TI Pathologic and immunologic patterns among breast cancer (BCa) patients with clinical recurrence after vaccination with a preventive HER2/neu peptide vaccine (E75) SO ANNALS OF SURGICAL ONCOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 61st Annual Cancer Symposium of the Society-of-Surgical-Oncology CY MAR 13-16, 2008 CL Chicago, IL SP Soc Surg Oncol C1 [Benavides, L. C.; Gates, J. D.; Peoples, G. E.] Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Canc Vaccine Dev Program, Ft Sam Houston, TX USA. [Arnin, A.; Holmes, J. P.; Carmichael, M. G.; Hueman, M. T.; Ponniah, S.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Surg, Canc Vaccine Dev Program, Bethesda, MD USA. [Craig, D.] Joyce Murtha Breast Care Ctr, Windber, PA USA. [Stojadinovic, A.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Washington, DC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1068-9265 J9 ANN SURG ONCOL JI Ann. Surg. Oncol. PD FEB PY 2008 VL 15 SU 2 BP 76 EP 76 PG 1 WC Oncology; Surgery SC Oncology; Surgery GA 258RT UT WOS:000252887900239 ER PT J AU Gates, J Hird, LC Holmes, JP Mittendorf, EA Carmichael, MG Ponniah, S Peoples, GE AF Gates, J. Hird, L. C. Holmes, J. P. Mittendorf, E. A. Carmichael, M. G. Ponniah, S. Peoples, G. E. TI Breast cancer (BCa) patients vaccinated with a MHC class I peptide (GP2) derived from the transmembrane region of HER2/neu demonstrate intra-antigenic epitope spreading SO ANNALS OF SURGICAL ONCOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 61st Annual Cancer Symposium of the Society-of-Surgical-Oncology CY MAR 13-16, 2008 CL Chicago, IL SP Soc Surg Oncol C1 [Gates, J.; Hird, L. C.; Peoples, G. E.] Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Canc Vaccine Dev Program, Ft Sam Houston, TX USA. [Holmes, J. P.; Carmichael, M. G.; Peoples, G. E.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Surg, Canc Vaccine Dev Program, Bethesda, MD USA. [Mittendorf, E. A.] Univ Texas MD Anderson Canc Ctr Houston, Dept Surg, Houston, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1068-9265 J9 ANN SURG ONCOL JI Ann. Surg. Oncol. PD FEB PY 2008 VL 15 SU 2 BP 76 EP 76 PG 1 WC Oncology; Surgery SC Oncology; Surgery GA 258RT UT WOS:000252887900238 ER PT J AU Caridha, D Yourick, D Cabezas, M Wolf, L Hudson, TH Dow, GS AF Caridha, D. Yourick, D. Cabezas, M. Wolf, L. Hudson, T. H. Dow, G. S. TI Mefloquine-induced disruption of calcium homeostasis in mammalian cells is similar to that induced by ionomycin SO ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY LA English DT Article ID ANTIMALARIAL-DRUG MEFLOQUINE; TRANSPORT-PROPERTIES; CEREBRAL UPTAKE; CA2+ INFLUX; IN-VITRO; RAT; RECEPTORS; IONOPHORE; BILAYERS; ENTRY AB In previous studies, we have shown that mefloquine disrupts calcium homeostasis in neurons by depletion of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stores, followed by an influx of external calcium across the plasma membrane. In this study, we explore two hypotheses concerning the mechanism(s) of action of mefloquine. First, we investigated the possibility that mefloquine activates non-N-methyl-D-aspartic acid receptors and the inositol phosphate 3 (IP3) signaling cascade leading to ER calcium release. Second, we compared the disruptive effects of mefloquine on calcium homeostasis to those of ionomycin in neuronal and nonneuronal cells. Ionomycin is known to discharge the ER calcium store (through an undefined mechanism), which induces capacitative calcium entry (CCE). In radioligand binding assays, mefloquine showed no affinity for the known binding sites of several glutamate receptor subtypes. The pattern of neuroprotection induced by a panel of glutamate receptor antagonists was dissimilar to that of mefloquine. Both mefloquine and ionomycin exhibited dose-related and qualitatively similar disruptions of calcium homeostasis in both neurons and macrophages. The influx of external calcium was blocked by the inhibitors of CCE in a dose-related fashion. Both mefloquine and ionomycin upregulated the IP3 pathway in a manner that we interpret to be secondary to CCE. Collectively, these data suggest that mefloquine does not activate glutamate receptors and that it disrupts calcium homeostasis in mammalian cells in a manner similar to that of ionomycin. C1 [Caridha, D.; Hudson, T. H.; Dow, G. S.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Expt Therapeut, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. [Yourick, D.; Cabezas, M.; Wolf, L.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Neurosci, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Dow, GS (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Expt Therapeut, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM geoffrey.dow@na.amedd.army.mil RI Yourick, Debra/A-2121-2011; Hudson, Thomas/A-9152-2011 NR 36 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0066-4804 J9 ANTIMICROB AGENTS CH JI Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. PD FEB PY 2008 VL 52 IS 2 BP 684 EP 693 DI 10.1128/AAC.00874-07 PG 10 WC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 256JN UT WOS:000252724800042 PM 17999964 ER PT J AU Holmes, RL Jorgensen, JH AF Holmes, Robert L. Jorgensen, James H. TI Inhibitory activities of 11 antimicrobial agents and bactericidal activities of vancomycin an dantomycin against invasive methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates obtained from 1999 through 2006 SO ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY LA English DT Article ID ENDOCARDITIS; INFECTIONS; THERAPY; GLYCOPEPTIDES; MULTICENTER; BACTEREMIA; EFFICACY; STRAINS; CREEP AB We assessed MICs and minimal bactericidal concentrations of vancomycin, daptomycin, and nine other antimicrobials against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates obtained from 1999 through 2006. No vancomycin, daptomycin, or linezolid resistance was observed. Clindamycin, gentamicin, and ciprofloxacin resistance decreased significantly. No tolerance to vancomycin or daptomycin was observed, nor was MIC creep seen. C1 [Holmes, Robert L.] Brooke Army Med Ctr, Infect Dis Serv, Ft San Houston, TX 78234 USA. [Jorgensen, James H.] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, Dept Pathol, San Antonio, TX 78201 USA. [Jorgensen, James H.] Univ Hosp, San Antonio, TX 78201 USA. RP Holmes, RL (reprint author), 301 Fisher St, Keesler AFB, MS 39534 USA. EM robert.holmes@keesler.af.mil NR 22 TC 48 Z9 53 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0066-4804 J9 ANTIMICROB AGENTS CH JI Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. PD FEB PY 2008 VL 52 IS 2 BP 757 EP 760 DI 10.1128/AAC.00945-07 PG 4 WC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 256JN UT WOS:000252724800057 PM 18039923 ER PT J AU Hines, HB Kim, AD Stafford, RG Badie, SS Brueggeman, EE Newman, DJ Schmidt, JJ AF Hines, Harry B. Kim, Alexander D. Stafford, Robert G. Badie, Shirin S. Brueggeman, Ernst E. Newman, David J. Schmidt, James J. TI Use of a recombinant fluorescent substrate with cleavage sites for all botulinum neurotoxins in high-throughput screening of natural product extracts for inhibitors of serotypes A, B, and E SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID LIGHT-CHAIN; ZINC-ENDOPEPTIDASE; PROTEASE ACTIVITY; TOXIN; IDENTIFICATION; DELIVERY; ASSAYS; REQUIREMENTS; PROTEINS; AFFINITY AB The seven serotypes of botulinum neurotoxin (BoNTs) are zinc metalloproteases that cleave and inactivate proteins critical for neurotransmission. The synaptosomal protein of 25 kDa (SNAP-25) is cleaved by BoNTs A, C, and E, while vesicle-associated membrane protein (VAMP) is the substrate for BoNTs B, D, F, and G. BoNTs not only are medically useful drugs but also are potential bioterrorist and biowarfare threat agents. Because BoNT protease activity is required for toxicity, inhibitors of that activity might be effective for antibotulinum therapy. To expedite inhibitor discovery, we constructed a hybrid gene encoding (from the N terminus to the C terminus, with respect to the expressed product) green fluorescent protein, then a SNAP-25 fragment encompassing residues Met-127 to Gly-206, and then VAMP residues Met-1 to Lys-94. Cysteine was added as the C terminus. The expressed product, which contained the protease cleavage sites for all seven botulinum serotypes, was purified and coupled covalently through the C-terminal sulfhydryl group to maleimide-activated 96-well plates. The substrate was readily cleaved by BoNTs A, B, D, E, and F. Using this assay and an automated 96-well pipettor, we screened 528 natural product extracts for inhibitors of BoNT A, B, and E protease activities. Serotype-specific inhibition was found in 30 extracts, while 5 others inhibited two serotypes. C1 [Hines, Harry B.; Kim, Alexander D.; Stafford, Robert G.; Badie, Shirin S.; Brueggeman, Ernst E.; Schmidt, James J.] USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Dept Biochem & Cell Biol, Integrated Toxicol Div, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. [Newman, David J.] NCI, Nat Prod Branch, Dev Therapeut Program, Div Canc Treatment & Diag, Frederick, MD 21701 USA. RP Schmidt, JJ (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Dept Biochem & Cell Biol, Integrated Toxicol Div, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. EM james.schmidt@amedd.army.mil NR 43 TC 25 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD FEB PY 2008 VL 74 IS 3 BP 653 EP 659 DI 10.1128/AEM.01690-07 PG 7 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 260OG UT WOS:000253019000012 PM 18083881 ER PT J AU Macdonald, TE Helma, CH Ticknor, LO Jackson, PJ Okinaka, RT Smith, LA Smith, TJ Hill, KK AF Macdonald, Thomas E. Helma, Charles H. Ticknor, Lawrence O. Jackson, Paul J. Okinaka, Richard T. Smith, Leonard A. Smith, Theresa J. Hill, Karen K. TI Differentiation of Clostridium botulinum serotype a strains by multiple-locus variable-number tandem-repeat analysis SO APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID FIELD GEL-ELECTROPHORESIS; BACILLUS-ANTHRACIS; YERSINIA-PESTIS; PCR; IDENTIFICATION; DIVERSITY; SAMPLES AB Ten variable-number tandem-repeat (VNTR) regions identified within the complete genomic sequence of Clostridium botulinum strain ATCC 3502 were used to characterize 59 C. botulinum strains of the botulism neurotoxin A1 (BoNT/A1) to BoNT/A4 (BoNT/A1-A4) subtypes to determine their ability to discriminate among the serotype A strains. Two strains representing each of the C. botulinum serotypes B to G, including five bivalent strains, and two strains of the closely related species Clostridium sporogenes were also tested. Amplified fragment length polymorphism analyses revealed the genetic diversity among the serotypes and the high degree of similarity among many of the BoNT/A1 strains. The 10 VNTR markers amplified fragments within all of the serotype A strains but were less successful with strains of other serotypes. The composite multiple-locus VNTR analysis of the 59 BoNT/A1-A4 strains and 3 bivalent B strains identified 38 different genotypes. Thirty genotypes were identified among the 53 BoNT/A1 and BoNT/A1(B) strains, demonstrating discrimination below the subtype level. Contaminating DNA within crude toxin preparations of three BoNT/A subtypes (BoNT/A1 to BoNT/A3) also supported amplification of all of the VNTR regions. These markers provide clinical and forensics laboratories with a rapid, highly discriminatory tool to distinguish among C. botulinum BoNT/A1 strains for investigations of botulism outbreaks. C1 [Macdonald, Thomas E.; Helma, Charles H.; Okinaka, Richard T.; Hill, Karen K.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Ticknor, Lawrence O.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Div Comp Computat & Stat Sci, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Jackson, Paul J.] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Def Biol Div, Livermore, CA 94551 USA. [Smith, Leonard A.; Smith, Theresa J.] USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Integrated Toxicol Div, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Hill, KK (reprint author), Los Alamos Natl Lab, Biosci Div, MS M888, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. EM khill@lanl.gov OI Ticknor, Lawrence/0000-0002-7967-7908 NR 23 TC 32 Z9 33 U1 2 U2 7 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0099-2240 J9 APPL ENVIRON MICROB JI Appl. Environ. Microbiol. PD FEB PY 2008 VL 74 IS 3 BP 875 EP 882 DI 10.1128/AEM.01539-07 PG 8 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Microbiology GA 260OG UT WOS:000253019000039 PM 18083878 ER PT J AU James, WF AF James, William F. TI Effects of lime-induced inorganic carbon reduction on the growth of three aquatic macrophyte species SO AQUATIC BOTANY LA English DT Article DE alkalinity; bicarbonate; dissolved inorganic carbon; HCO3-; lime; macrophyte; pH ID ELODEA-NUTTALLII; WATER; PLANTS; ASSIMILATION; HCO3; PHOTOSYNTHESIS; CALCIFICATION; ABILITY; LAKES/; CACO3 AB Lime application to aquatic systems may be an effective means of stressing macrophyte growth and promoting changes in species assemblage by inducing temporary dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) limitation of productivity. Shoot and root growth response to lime(as Ca(OH)(2))application was investigated for three macrophyte species (Elodea canadensis, Stuckenia pectinata, and Vallisneria americana) grown in experimental outdoor mesocosms. Lime was applied to mesocosms at three treatment levels to maintain pH for 1 week at 9.8-10.0 (1.64 mm), 10.3-10.5 (at the bicarbonate-carbonate equivalence point; 3.00 mM), and 10.8-11.0 (4.34 mM). pH recovered to control levels in all treated mesocosms 20 days after lime application. After treatment, HCO3- and DIC declined by 66, 93, and 93% and 60, 89, and 87%, respectively, versus increasing lime application. Concentrations remained lower in treated mesocosms versus the control throughout post-treatment. Differential growth response was observed in the 1.64 and 3.00 mM treatments, suggesting species-specific tolerances to both DIC concentration and form. V americana was most sensitive to lime as the 1.64 mM treatment resulted in 54% shoot growth suppression versus the control and shoot plus root biomass loss in the 3.00 and 4.34 mM treatments. S. pectinata and E. canadensis exhibited net shoot and root growth (although significantly lower than controls) in both the 1.64 and 3.00 mM treatments and complete growth suppression in the 4.34 mM treatment. Selective control and shifts in species assemblage may be possible by adjusting lime concentration in relation to compensation point and needs to be investigated under field conditions. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 ERDC, Eau Galle Aquat Ecol Lab, Spring Valley, WI 54767 USA. RP James, WF (reprint author), ERDC, Eau Galle Aquat Ecol Lab, W 500 Eau Galle Dam Rd, Spring Valley, WI 54767 USA. EM william.f.james@erdc.usace.army.mil NR 29 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3770 J9 AQUAT BOT JI Aquat. Bot. PD FEB PY 2008 VL 88 IS 2 BP 99 EP 104 DI 10.1016/j.aquabot.2007.08.011 PG 6 WC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 260PH UT WOS:000253021700002 ER PT J AU Wirtz, E Senchak, A Belnap, C Ramsey, M AF Wirtz, Eric Senchak, Andrew Belnap, Christina Ramsey, Mitchell TI Pathology quiz case 2 - Diagnosis: Angiolymphoid hyperplasia with eosinophilia (AHE) SO ARCHIVES OF OTOLARYNGOLOGY-HEAD & NECK SURGERY LA English DT Editorial Material ID EPITHELIOID HEMANGIOMA; KIMURAS-DISEASE; ENTITIES C1 [Wirtz, Eric; Senchak, Andrew; Belnap, Christina; Ramsey, Mitchell] Tripler Army Med Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. RP Wirtz, E (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610-0946 USA SN 0886-4470 J9 ARCH OTOLARYNGOL JI Arch. Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg. PD FEB PY 2008 VL 134 IS 2 BP 215 EP + DI 10.1001/archoto.2007.29-a PG 2 WC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery SC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery GA 262RG UT WOS:000253165100020 PM 18283170 ER PT J AU Jandt, R Joly, K Meyers, CR Racine, C AF Jandt, Randi Joly, Kyle Meyers, C. Randy Racine, Charles TI Slow recovery of lichen on burned caribou winter range in Alaska tundra: Potential influences of climate warming and other disturbance factors SO ARCTIC ANTARCTIC AND ALPINE RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID SEWARD PENINSULA; ARCTIC TUNDRA; VEGETATION RECOVERY; PLANT BIOMASS; FIRE; ECOSYSTEMS; RESPONSES; PATTERNS; REINDEER; COVER AB Lichen regeneration timelines are needed to establish sound fire management guidelines for caribou (Rangifer tarandus) winter range. Paired burned and unburned permanent vegetative cover transects were established after 1981, 1977, and 1972 tundra fires in northwestern Alaska to document regrowth of tundra vegetation including caribou forage lichens in the wintering range of Alaska's largest caribou herd. Following fire, lichen had recovered very little compared to unburned transects (1% cover vs. 15% cover) after 14 years. After 24 or 25 years, lichen cover in the burns remained low (3-4%), whether or not caribou were present during the recovery period. In addition, lichen cover on unburned transects at one study site had decreased from 14% to 6%. Shrub cover was higher on the burned plots than the unburned plots. Cover of cottongrass (Eriophorum vaginatum) initially increased following the fire and tussocks quickly became more vigorous than on paired unburned transects, remaining so for more than 14 years. Persistent changes in vegetation following fire likely reflect the cumulative impacts of seasonal caribou use and favorable growing conditions (warmer soils, longer growing season) for rooted vascular species during the recovery period. The actual recovery of forage lichens after fire on our study sites is slower than predictions based on ideal growth potential. C1 [Jandt, Randi] Bur Land Management, Alaska Fire serv, Ft Wainwright, AK 99703 USA. [Joly, Kyle] Bur Land Management, Fairbanks Dist Off, Fairbanks, AK 99709 USA. [Meyers, C. Randy] Bur Land Management, Kotzebue, AK 99752 USA. [Racine, Charles] Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Edenton, NC 27932 USA. RP Jandt, R (reprint author), Bur Land Management, Alaska Fire serv, PO Box 35005, Ft Wainwright, AK 99703 USA. EM Randi_Jandt@blm.gov RI Jandt, Randi/E-9018-2013 NR 35 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 6 U2 31 PU INST ARCTIC ALPINE RES PI BOULDER PA UNIV COLORADO, BOULDER, CO 80309 USA SN 1523-0430 J9 ARCT ANTARCT ALP RES JI Arct. Antarct. Alp. Res. PD FEB PY 2008 VL 40 IS 1 BP 89 EP 95 DI 10.1657/1523-0430(06-122)[JANDT]2.0.CO;2 PG 7 WC Environmental Sciences; Geography, Physical SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Physical Geography GA 258LI UT WOS:000252869000010 ER PT J AU Haymore, BR Mikita, CP Tsokos, GC AF Haymore, Bret R. Mikita, Cecilia P. Tsokos, George C. TI Common variable immune deficiency (CVID) presenting as an autoimmune disease: role of memory B cells SO AUTOIMMUNITY REVIEWS LA English DT Article ID IMMUNODEFICIENCY; ABNORMALITIES; DEFECT AB Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) is a clinically heterogeneous disorder. Most often patients present with recurrent sinopulmonary infections, although it may present with autoimmune manifestations. Immune cytopenias, particularly thrombocytopenia and hemolytic anemia, are the most commonly observed. While the pathophysiology of CVID remains elusive, in many patients it may be due to an intrinsic B cell defect. Memory B cells (CD27(+)) in particular, have been noted to correlate with certain aspects of the disease. High numbers of IgM(+) memory B cells appear to correlate with the presence of infections, whereas decreased numbers of switched memory B cells correlate with lower serum IgG levels and increased rates of autommune features. Because of these defects in the memory B cell compartment, there is a greater potential risk for infection and related complications. Review of the literature suggests that splenectomy should be avoided in patients with immune cytopenia and CVID and that serum immunoglobulins should be obtained in patients presenting with immune cytopenias to screen for CVID). Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [Haymore, Bret R.; Mikita, Cecilia P.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Allergy & Immunol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Tsokos, George C.] Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Beth Israel Deaconess Med Ctr, Div Rheumatol, Boston, MA USA. RP Haymore, BR (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Allergy & Immunol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM bret.haymore@amedd.army.mil NR 17 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1568-9972 J9 AUTOIMMUN REV JI Autoimmun. Rev. PD FEB PY 2008 VL 7 IS 4 BP 309 EP 312 DI 10.1016/j.autrev.2007.11.024 PG 4 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA 277JS UT WOS:000254209100008 PM 18295735 ER PT J AU Weiss, BM Neff, RT Verma, P Agodoa, L Abbott, KC AF Weiss, B. M. Neff, R. T. Verma, P. Agodoa, L. Abbott, K. C. TI CHARACTERISTICS AND OUTCOMES OF MULTIPLE MYELOMA PATIENTS ON HEMODIALYSIS UNDERGOING AUTOLOGOUS STEM CELL TRANSPLANTATION: ANALYSIS OF THE US RENAL DATABASE SYSTEM SO BIOLOGY OF BLOOD AND MARROW TRANSPLANTATION LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Blood-and-Marrow-Transplantation CY FEB 13-17, 2008 CL San Diego, CA SP Amer Soc Blood & Marrow Transplantat C1 [Weiss, B. M.; Neff, R. T.; Abbott, K. C.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Verma, P.] Womack Army Med Ctr, Ft Bragg, NC USA. [Agodoa, L.] NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1083-8791 J9 BIOL BLOOD MARROW TR JI Biol. Blood Marrow Transplant. PD FEB PY 2008 VL 14 IS 2 MA 169 BP 63 EP 63 DI 10.1016/j.bbmt.2007.12.178 PG 1 WC Hematology; Immunology; Transplantation SC Hematology; Immunology; Transplantation GA 364IT UT WOS:000260330100170 ER PT J AU Olson, MA Yeh, IC Lee, MS AF Olson, Mark A. Yeh, In-Chul Lee, Michael S. TI Coarse-grained lattice model simulations of sequence-structure fitness, of a ribosome-inactivating protein SO BIOPOLYMERS LA English DT Article DE lattice model; multiscale modeling; protein engineering; simulated calorimetry ID RICIN A-CHAIN; EXPLICIT/IMPLICIT SOLVENT METHOD; EXCHANGE MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS; HISTOGRAM ANALYSIS METHOD; REPLICA-EXCHANGE; GENERALIZED BORN; ENERGY LANDSCAPE; VACCINE; POTENTIALS; TRANSITION AB Many realistic protein-engineering design problems extend beyond the computational limits of what is considered practical when applying all-atom molecular-dynamics simulation methods. Lattice models provide computationally robust alternatives, yet most are regarded as too simplistic to accurately capture the details of complex designs. We revisit a coarse-grained lattice simulation model and demonstrate that a multiresolution modeling approach of reconstructing all-atom structures from lattice chains is of sufficient accuracy to resolve the comparability of sequence-structure modifications of the ricin A-chain (RTA) protein fold. For a modeled structure, the unfolding-folding transition temperature was calculated from the heat capacity using either the potential energy from the lattice model or the all-atom CHARMM19 force-field plus a generalized Born solvent approximation. We found, that despite the low-resolution modeling of conformational states, the potential energy functions were capable of detecting the relative change in the thermodynamic transition temperature that distinguishes between a protein design and the native RTA fold in excellent accord with reported experimental studies of thermal denaturation. A discussion is provided of different sequences fitted to the RTA fold and a possible unfolding model. (C) 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Olson, Mark A.; Lee, Michael S.] USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Dept Biochem & Cell Biol, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. [Yeh, In-Chul; Lee, Michael S.] USA, Med Res & Mat Command, Biotechnol High Performance Comp Software Appl In, Telemed & Adv Technol Res Ctr, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. USA, Res Lab, Computat & Informat Sci Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. RP Olson, MA (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Dept Biochem & Cell Biol, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. EM molson@ncifcrf.gov NR 39 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 5 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN 07030-5774, NJ USA SN 0006-3525 EI 1097-0282 J9 BIOPOLYMERS JI Biopolymers PD FEB PY 2008 VL 89 IS 2 BP 153 EP 159 DI 10.1002/bip.20880 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA 254FW UT WOS:000252572800007 PM 17985366 ER PT J AU Vogler, AJ Driebe, EM Lee, J Auerbach, RK Allender, CJ Stanley, M Kubota, K Andersen, GL Radnedge, L Worsham, PL Keim, P Wagner, DM AF Vogler, Amy J. Driebe, Elizabeth M. Lee, Judy Auerbach, Raymond K. Allender, Christopher J. Stanley, Miles Kubota, Kristy Andersen, Gary L. Radnedge, Lyndsay Worsham, Patricia L. Keim, Paul Wagner, David M. TI Assays for the rapid and specific identification of North American Yersinia pestis and the common laboratory strain CO92 SO BIOTECHNIQUES LA English DT Article ID COMPLETE GENOME SEQUENCE; NUMBER TANDEM REPEATS; BACILLUS-ANTHRACIS; PNEUMONIC PLAGUE; EVOLUTION; GENE AB We present TaqMan-minor groove binding (MGB) assays for an SNP that separates the Yersinia pestis strain CO92 from all other strains and for another SNP that separates North American strains from all other global strains. C1 [Vogler, Amy J.; Driebe, Elizabeth M.; Lee, Judy; Auerbach, Raymond K.; Allender, Christopher J.; Stanley, Miles; Keim, Paul; Wagner, David M.] No Arizona Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. [Kubota, Kristy] Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ft Collins, CO USA. [Andersen, Gary L.] Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Berkeley, CA USA. [Radnedge, Lyndsay] Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. [Worsham, Patricia L.] USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Frederick, MD USA. RP Wagner, DM (reprint author), No Arizona Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Box 5640, Flagstaff, AZ 86011 USA. EM Dave.Wagner@nau.edu RI Wagner, David/A-5125-2010; Keim, Paul/A-2269-2010; Andersen, Gary/G-2792-2015 OI Andersen, Gary/0000-0002-1618-9827 FU NIAID NIH HHS [R15 AI070183, R15 AI070183-01, 1R15-AI070183-01] NR 21 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 2 PU BIOTECHNIQUES OFFICE PI NEW YORK PA 52 VANDERBILT AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0736-6205 J9 BIOTECHNIQUES JI Biotechniques PD FEB PY 2008 VL 44 IS 2 BP 201 EP + DI 10.2144/000112701 PG 4 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 269AB UT WOS:000253620800015 PM 18330347 ER PT J AU Hamam, H Greenberg, BA Hsue, G Roop, SA AF Hamam, Hisham Greenberg, Bruce A. Hsue, Gunther Roop, Stuart A. TI Acute cardiopulmonary failure in a young man SO CHEST LA English DT Editorial Material ID HANTAVIRUS PULMONARY SYNDROME; DIAGNOSIS C1 [Hamam, Hisham; Greenberg, Bruce A.; Roop, Stuart A.] William Beaumont Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, El Paso, TX 79920 USA. [Hsue, Gunther] William Beaumont Army Med Ctr, Infect Dis Serv, El Paso, TX 79920 USA. RP Roop, SA (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Med, Pulm Crit Care Med Serv, Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM stuart.roop@us.army.mil NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER COLL CHEST PHYSICIANS PI NORTHBROOK PA 3300 DUNDEE ROAD, NORTHBROOK, IL 60062-2348 USA SN 0012-3692 J9 CHEST JI Chest PD FEB PY 2008 VL 133 IS 2 BP 570 EP 573 DI 10.1378/chest.07-1709 PG 4 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 262WJ UT WOS:000253178400036 PM 18252925 ER PT J AU Mathangwane, BT Chappell, MA Pills, JRV Sonon, LS Evangelou, VP AF Mathangwane, Bogadi T. Chappell, Mark A. Pills, Jutta R. V. Sonon, Leticia S. Evangelou, Vasilos P. TI Dispersion potential of selected Iowa lake sediments as influenced by dissolved and sollid-phase constituents SO CLEAN-SOIL AIR WATER LA English DT Article DE colloidal dispersion; eutrophication; ion exchange; bioavailibility ID ADSORPTION; NITROGEN; ATRAZINE; SMECTITE AB Critics charge that agricultural managers routinely overdose their fields with chemical N and P to levels that exceed the soil's capacity to adsorb these materials, creating a situation that promotes hypoxia in Iowa lakes. Soil colloidal particles, capable of forming complexes with inorganic and organic N and P, control the equilibrium concentration of dissolved nutrients in lake waters. However, it should be realized that adsorbed nutrients also exhibit strong influences on the potential of sediments to undergo dispersion, a condition that may directly impact nutrient bioavailability. Thus, direct links may exist between adsorbed nutrient compositions and flocculation/dispersion properties of lake colloidal material. This paper presents work involving four Iowa lakes undertaken to determine relationships between ion composition and the dispersion potential of sediments. Surface waters and lake-bottom grab samples were collected at three separate collection times from August to October. Samples were characterized for dissolved and adsorbed cations. Dispersion potential of each water sample was characterized by relating the total suspended solids concentration to the absorbance at 560 rim. It was found that sediment dispersion was easily predictable by a simple yet significant linear correlation with the concentration ratio of Na (CRNa = [Na]/[Ca](-1/2)) in solution. This correlation was further improved by including Na concentration, CRK, electrical conductivity, temperature, and solution P concentrations into the model. Nonlinear inter-dependences were found between TSS and cation exchange capacity (CEC), and adsorbed Na, K, P, and heavy metals. Our analysis suggests that solution/solid phase constituents influenced the dispersion behavior of sediments through subtle manipulations of the excess surface charge. C1 [Chappell, Mark A.] USA, Corps Engineers, Environm Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. [Mathangwane, Bogadi T.] Dept Water Affairs, Gaborone, Botswana. [Pills, Jutta R. V.] Dupont Crop Protect, Newark, DE USA. [Sonon, Leticia S.] Univ Georgia, Agr & Environm Serv Labs, Athens, GA 30602 USA. RP Chappell, MA (reprint author), USA, Corps Engineers, Environm Lab, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. EM mark.a.chappell@erdc.usace.army.mil NR 16 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 6 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 1863-0650 J9 CLEAN-SOIL AIR WATER JI Clean-Soil Air Water PD FEB PY 2008 VL 36 IS 2 BP 201 EP 208 DI 10.1002/clen.200700118 PG 8 WC GREEN & SUSTAINABLE SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY; Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources GA 270VO UT WOS:000253748500017 ER PT J AU Philipneri, MD Rey, LAR Schnitzler, MA Abbott, KC Brennan, DC Takemoto, SK Buchanan, PM Burroughs, TE Willoughby, LM Lentine, KL AF Philipneri, Marie D. Rey, Lisa A. Rocca Schnitzler, Mark A. Abbott, Kevin C. Brennan, Daniel C. Takemoto, Steven K. Buchanan, Paula M. Burroughs, Thomas E. Willoughby, Lisa M. Lentine, Krista L. TI Delivery patterns of recommended chronic kidney disease care in clinical practice: administrative claims-based analysis and systematic literature review SO CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL NEPHROLOGY LA English DT Review DE angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors; chronic kidney disease; guideline adherence; laboratory diagnoses; physician's practice patterns; referral and consultation ID CHRONIC RENAL-INSUFFICIENCY; CONVERTING ENZYME-INHIBITION; BLOOD-PRESSURE CONTROL; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; RISK-FACTORS; PROSPECTIVE COHORT; RECEPTOR BLOCKERS; HEART-FAILURE; MANAGEMENT; CKD AB Background Clinical practice guidelines for management of chronic kidney disease (CKD) have been developed within the Kidney Disease Outcomes Quality Initiative (K/DOQI). Adherence patterns may identify focus areas for quality improvement. Methods We retrospectively studied contemporary CKD care patterns within a private health system in the United States, and systematically reviewed literature of reported practices internationally. Five hundred and nineteen patients with moderate CKD (estimated GFR 30-59 ml/min) using healthcare benefits in 2002-2005 were identified from administrative insurance records. Thirty-three relevant publications in 2000-2006 describing care in 77,588 CKD patients were reviewed. Baseline demographic traits and provider specialty were considered as correlates of delivered care. Testing consistent with K/DOQI guidelines and prevalence of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor/angiotensin receptor blocker (ACEi/ARB) medication prescriptions were ascertained from billing claims. Care descriptions in the literature sample were based on medical charts, electronic records and/or claims. Results KDOQI-consistent measurements of parathyroid hormone (7.1 vs. 0.6%, P = 0.0002), phosphorus (38.2 vs. 1.9%, P < 0.0001) and quantified urinary protein (23.8 vs. 9.4%, P = 0.008) were more common among CKD patients with versus without nephrology referral in the administrative data. Nephrology referral correlated with increased likelihood of testing for parathyroid hormone and phosphorus after adjustment for baseline patient factors. Use of ACEi/ARB medications was more common among patients with nephrology contact (50.0 vs. 30.0%; P = 0.008) but appeared largely driven by higher comorbidity burden. The literature review demonstrated similar practice patterns. Conclusions Delivery of CKD care may be monitored by administrative data. There is opportunity for improvement in CKD guideline adherence in practice. C1 [Rey, Lisa A. Rocca; Schnitzler, Mark A.; Takemoto, Steven K.; Buchanan, Paula M.; Burroughs, Thomas E.; Willoughby, Lisa M.; Lentine, Krista L.] St Louis Univ, Sch Med, Ctr Outcomes Res, St Louis, MO 63104 USA. [Rey, Lisa A. Rocca] Univ Milan, Chair Nephrol, San Paolo Hosp, Milan, Italy. [Abbott, Kevin C.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Nephrol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Brennan, Daniel C.] Washington Univ, Sch Med, Div Nephrol, St Louis, MO USA. RP Lentine, KL (reprint author), St Louis Univ, Sch Med, Ctr Outcomes Res, Salus Ctr 2nd Floor,3545 Lafayette Ave, St Louis, MO 63104 USA. EM lentine.krista@stanfordalumni.org OI Abbott, Kevin/0000-0003-2111-7112 FU American Society of Transplantation; National Institute of Diabetes Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK) [K24-DK002886, K08-DK073036] FX Ms. Buchanan received support from a Public Policy Fellowship from the American Society of Transplantation. Dr. Brennan received support from a grant from the National Institute of Diabetes Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), K24-DK002886. Dr. Lentine received support from a grant from the NIDDK, K08-DK073036. An abstract describing a portion of this work was presented at the American Society of Nephrology 39th Annual Renal Week Meeting on November 18, 2006, in San Diego, CA, USA. NR 54 TC 28 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1342-1751 J9 CLIN EXP NEPHROL JI Clin. Exp. Nephrol. PD FEB PY 2008 VL 12 IS 1 BP 41 EP 52 DI 10.1007/s10157-007-0016-3 PG 12 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 343IJ UT WOS:000258846500007 PM 18175059 ER PT J AU Stewart, VA McGrath, S Krieg, AM Larson, NS Angov, E Smith, CL Brewer, TG Heppner, DG AF Stewart, V. Ann McGrath, Shannon Krieg, Arthur M. Larson, Noelle S. Angov, Evelina Smith, Christopher L. Brewer, Thomas G. Heppner, D. Gray, Jr. TI Activation of innate immunity in healthy Macaca mulatta macaques by a single subcutaneous dose of GMP CpG 7909: Safety data and interferon-inducible protein-10 kinetics for humans and macaques SO CLINICAL AND VACCINE IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID IN-VIVO; CPG; OLIGODEOXYNUCLEOTIDE; RESPONSES; INTERFERON; PRIMATES; TLR9 AB Following a demonstration that mouse-optimized cytosine-guanosine dinucleotide (CpG) oligodeoxynucleotides stimulated innate immune protection against intracellular pathogens, we tested the ability of CpG 7909, a primate-optimized Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9) agonist, to stimulate rhesus macaques to produce interferon-inducible protein-10 (IP-10), a biomarker of immune activation. This study was performed prior to a similar trial with humans in order to facilitate the development of CpG 7909 as an immunomodulator for biodefense. A single subcutaneous dose of clinical-grade CpG 7909 was given to four groups of healthy adult rhesus macaques (0-mg dose [n = 5], 0.75-mg dose [n = 9], 1.5-mg dose [n = 9], and 3.0-mg dose [n = 9]). Directed physical examination findings, clinical laboratory values, and serum IP-10 concentrations were collected at scheduled intervals for 28 days. All three dose levels of CpG 7909 were safe and not associated with significant clinical or laboratory abnormality. The time to peak serum IP-10 concentration was 1.0 days at the 0.75-mg dose and 0.5 days at the 1.5- and 3.0-mg doses. A dose-dependent response was observed for the magnitude and duration of IP-10 concentrations, which remained significantly above baseline for 3 days for the 3.0-mg and 1.5-mg dose groups but above baseline for only 2 days for the 0.75-mg dose group. There were no nonresponders to CpG 7909. These rhesus macaque safety and IP-10 response data closely parallel a subsequent phase 1 human study of subcutaneously administered CpG 7909. A single dose of clinical-grade CpG 7909 induced a rapid, sustained IP-10 response, a biomarker for activation of the innate immune system. Given the similar susceptibilities of humans and rhesus macaques to infectious diseases, the rhesus macaque appears to be a suitable model to evaluate the potential of CpG 7909-mediated innate immune activation to protect humans against pathogens. C1 [Stewart, V. Ann; McGrath, Shannon; Larson, Noelle S.; Angov, Evelina; Smith, Christopher L.; Heppner, D. Gray, Jr.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Krieg, Arthur M.] Coley Pharmaceut Grp, Wellesley, MA USA. [Brewer, Thomas G.] Def Adv Res Projects Agcy, Arlington, VA USA. RP Stewart, VA (reprint author), MRU, U64109, APO, AE 09831 USA. EM astewart@wrp-ksm.org FU Directorate of Science and Technology; Defense Advanced Projects Research Agency, Arlington, VA. FX This effort was funded by the Military Infectious Diseases Research Program, Fort Detrick, MD, and by the Unconventional Pathogens Countermeasures Program, Directorate of Science and Technology, Defense Advanced Projects Research Agency, Arlington, VA.; A. M. Krieg holds patents governing the described test article and is an employee of and shareholder in the manufacturer, Coley Pharmaceutical Group Inc., Wellesley, MA.; The opinions and assertions contained herein are our private views and do not represent official policy or positions of the Department of the Army or the Department of Defense.; All work was performed in accordance with a protocol scientifically and ethically approved by the WRAIR Institutional Animal Use and Care Committee. NR 12 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 1556-6811 J9 CLIN VACCINE IMMUNOL JI Clin. Vaccine Immunol. PD FEB PY 2008 VL 15 IS 2 BP 221 EP 226 DI 10.1128/CVI.00420-07 PG 6 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 340SZ UT WOS:000258666600007 PM 18077623 ER PT J AU Currier, JR Galley, LM Wenschuh, H Morafo, V Ratto-Kim, S Gray, CM Maboko, L Hoelscher, M Marovich, MA Cox, JH AF Currier, Jeffrey R. Galley, Lynee M. Wenschuh, Holger Morafo, Vivian Ratto-Kim, Silvia Gray, Clive M. Maboko, Leonard Hoelscher, Michael Marovich, Mary A. Cox, Josephine H. TI Peptide impurities in commercial synthetic peptides and their implications for vaccine trial assessment SO CLINICAL AND VACCINE IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID T-CELL RESPONSES; HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; CYTOKINE FLOW-CYTOMETRY; ENZYME-LINKED IMMUNOSPOT; ELISPOT ASSAY; VIRAL LOAD; EPITOPE; TYPE-1; CYTOMEGALOVIRUS; IMPACT AB The advent of T-cell assay methodologies that are amenable to high throughput coupled with the availability of large libraries of overlapping peptides have revolutionized the fields of vaccine efficacy testing and cellular immune response assessment. Since T-cell assay performance is critically dependent upon the quality and specificity of the stimulating peptides, assurance of high-quality and reliable input peptides is an important aspect of assay validation. Herein, we demonstrate that individual peptides from large human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-based peptide library sets obtained directly from two independent custom peptide suppliers contained contaminating peptides capable of giving false-positive results, which were consistent with nominal antigen-specific CD8(+) T-cell responses. In-depth investigation of the cellular response in terms of responding CD8(+) T-cell frequency and human leukocyte antigen (HLA) restriction led to the conclusion that one set of HIV type 1 (HIV-1)-derived peptides was contaminated with a peptide from human cytomegalovirus (HCMV), which is commonly used in cellular immunology research applications. Analytical characterization of the original stock of the suspect HIV-1 peptide confirmed the presence of similar to 1% by weight of the HCMV peptide. These observations have critical implications for quality assurance (QA) and quality control (QC) of peptides used in clinical trials where cellular immune-based assays are important end-point determinants. We propose a simple schema of biological QA/QC protocols to augment the standard biochemical QA/QC analyses as a means to circumvent this and other problems that can affect cellular immune-based assay outcome and interpretation. C1 [Currier, Jeffrey R.; Galley, Lynee M.; Marovich, Mary A.; Cox, Josephine H.] US Mil HIV Res Program, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. [Wenschuh, Holger] JPT Peptide Technol, Berlin, Germany. [Morafo, Vivian; Gray, Clive M.] Natl Inst Communicable Dis, Johannesburg, South Africa. [Ratto-Kim, Silvia] Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. [Maboko, Leonard] Mbeya Med Res Programme, Mbeya, Tanzania. [Hoelscher, Michael] Univ Munich, Dept Infect Dis & Trop Med, Munich, Germany. RP Currier, JR (reprint author), US Mil HIV Res Program, Suite 200,13 Taft Court, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. EM jcurrier@hivresearch.org RI Hoelscher, Michael/D-3436-2012 FU Department of Defense Collaborative agreement [DAMD17-98-2-8007] FX We thank Kelly Smith, James Graziano, and Marvin Walker for expert technical assistance in performing the cellular immunology experiments, in peptide dissolution and pooling, and for synthetic peptide synthesis and analysis.; Financial support was provided by Department of Defense Collaborative agreement DAMD17-98-2-8007.; The opinions or assertions contained herein are the private views of the authors and are not to be construed as official or as reflecting the views of the Departments of the Army and Defense. NR 30 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 1556-6811 J9 CLIN VACCINE IMMUNOL JI Clin. Vaccine Immunol. PD FEB PY 2008 VL 15 IS 2 BP 267 EP 276 DI 10.1128/CVI.00284-07 PG 10 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 340SZ UT WOS:000258666600013 PM 18077621 ER PT J AU Sterbis, JR Gao, C Furusato, B Chen, YM Shaheduzzaman, S Ravindranath, L Osborn, DJ Rosner, IL Dobi, A McLeod, DG Sesterhenn, IA Srivastava, S Cullen, J Petrovics, G AF Sterbis, Joseph R. Gao, Chunling Furusato, Bungo Chen, Yongmei Shaheduzzaman, Syed Ravindranath, Lakshmi Osborn, David J. Rosner, Inger L. Dobi, Albert McLeod, David G. Sesterhenn, Isabell A. Srivastava, Shiv Cullen, Jennifer Petrovics, Gyorgy TI Higher expression of the androgen-regulated gene PSA/HK3 mRNA in prostate cancer tissues predicts biochemical recurrence-free survival SO CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID IN-SITU HYBRIDIZATION; HIGH-LEVEL; RECEPTOR; ANTIGEN; PROGRESSION; PSA; OVEREXPRESSION; CARCINOMA; PROFILE; PMEPA1 AB Purpose: Alterations of the androgen receptor (AR)-mediated signaling through numerous mechanisms are increasingly recognized in prostate cancer (CaP) progression. We hypothesized that the assessment of well-defined AR transcriptional targets (e.g., PSA/HK3 mRNA) in CaP tissues will provide in vivo readout of AR dysfunctions. Moreover, quantitative expression features of PSA/HK3 m RNA in prostate tumor cells may serve as a prognostic indicator of disease progression. Experimental Design: Paired benign and malignant epithelial cells (242 specimens) were obtained from laser capture microdissection of frozen OCT-embedded tissue sections prepared from radical prostatectomy specimens of 121 patients. Quantitative expression of PSA/HK3 m RNA in the matched malignant and benign cells was analyzed by real-time reverse transcription-PCR. Results: CaP cells express significantly lower PSA/HK3 m RNA levels than matched benign cells (P = 0.0133). Moreover, low PSA/HK3 in RNA expression in malignant cells was associated with increased risk of biochemical recurrence (P = 0.0217), as well as with time to recurrence (P = 0.0371), in patients with intermediate preoperative serum prostate-specific antigen levels (2-10 ng/mL). The expression of androgen-dependent genes in clinical samples correlates with each other in patients with higher expression of PSA/HK3 m RNA but not in patients with lower expression of PSA/HK3 mRNA reflecting AR pathway dysfunction. Conclusions: Our study has unraveled a novel prognostic utility of quantitative measurements of PSA/HK3 in RNA reflecting AR transcriptional activity in CaP cells, which is independent of serum prostate-specific antigen. It also has potential in stratifying subsets of patients exhibiting progressive disease associated with dampened AR transcriptional functions who may be targeted by tailored therapeutic strategies. C1 [Gao, Chunling; Chen, Yongmei; Shaheduzzaman, Syed; Ravindranath, Lakshmi; Dobi, Albert; Srivastava, Shiv; Cullen, Jennifer; Petrovics, Gyorgy] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Surg, Ctr Prostate Dis Res, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. [Sterbis, Joseph R.; Osborn, David J.; Rosner, Inger L.; McLeod, David G.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Urol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Furusato, Bungo; Sesterhenn, Isabell A.] Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Dept Genitourinary Pathol, Washington, DC 20306 USA. RP Petrovics, G (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Surg, Ctr Prostate Dis Res, 1530 E Jefferson St, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. EM gpetrovics@cpdr.org OI Furusato, Bungo/0000-0003-4614-9882 NR 34 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI PHILADELPHIA PA 615 CHESTNUT ST, 17TH FLOOR, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-4404 USA SN 1078-0432 J9 CLIN CANCER RES JI Clin. Cancer Res. PD FEB 1 PY 2008 VL 14 IS 3 BP 758 EP 763 DI 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-07-1356 PG 6 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 258QK UT WOS:000252882400020 PM 18245536 ER PT J AU Peoples, GE Holmes, JP Hueman, MT Mittendorf, EA Amin, A Khoo, S Dehqanzada, ZA Gurney, JM Woll, MM Ryan, GB Storrer, CE Craig, D Loannides, CG Ponniah, S AF Peoples, George E. Holmes, Jarrod P. Hueman, Matthew T. Mittendorf, Elizabeth A. Amin, Asna Khoo, Steven Dehqanzada, Zia A. Gurney, Jennifer M. Woll, Michael M. Ryan, Gayle B. Storrer, Catherine E. Craig, Dianna Loannides, Constantin G. Ponniah, Sathibalan TI Combined clinical trial results of a HER2/neu (E75) vaccine for the prevention of recurrence in high-risk breast cancer patients: US military cancer institute clinical trials group study I-01 and I-02 SO CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 30th Annual San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium CY DEC 13-16, 2007 CL San Antonio, TX SP San Antonio Canc Inst, Baylor Coll Med ID COLONY-STIMULATING FACTOR; CYTOTOXIC T-LYMPHOCYTES; OVARIAN-CANCER; ADJUVANT CHEMOTHERAPY; METASTATIC BREAST; DENDRITIC CELLS; IN-VIVO; GM-CSF; PEPTIDE; HER-2/NEU AB Purpose: E75 is an immunogenic peptide from the HER2/neu protein, which is overexpressed in many breast cancer patients. We have conducted two overlapping E75 vaccine trials to prevent recurrence in node-positive (NP) and node-negative (NN) breast cancer patients. Experimental Design: E75 (HER2/neu 369-377) + granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor was given intradermally to previously treated, disease-free NP breast cancer patients in a dose escalation safety trial and to NN breast cancer patients in a dose optimization study. Local and systemic toxicity was monitored. Immunologic responses were assessed using in vitro assays and in vivo delayed-type hypersensitivity responses. Clinical recurrences were documented. Results: One hundred and eighty-six patients were enrolled in the two studies (NP, 95; NN, 91). Human leucocyte antigen A2 (HLA-A2) and HLA-A3 patients were vaccinated (n =101), whereas all others (n = 85) were followed prospectively as controls. Toxicities were minimal, and a dose-dependent immunologic response to the vaccine was shown. Planned primary analysis revealed a recurrence rate of 5.6% in vaccinated patients compared with 14.2% in the controls (P = 0.04) at a median of 20 months follow-up. As vaccine-specific immunity waned over time, the difference in recurrence lost significance at 26 months median follow-up (8.3% versus 14.8%); however, a significant difference in the pattern of recurrence persisted. Conclusions: E75 is safe and effective in raising a dose-dependent HER2/neu immunity in HLA-A2 and HLA-A3 NP and NN breast cancer patients: More importantly, E75 may reduce recurrences in disease-free, conventionally treated, high-risk breast cancer patients. These findings warrant a prospective, randomized phase III trial of the E75 vaccine with periodic booster to prevent breast cancer recurrences. C1 [Peoples, George E.] Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Gen Surg Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. [Peoples, George E.; Holmes, Jarrod P.; Hueman, Matthew T.; Amin, Asna; Khoo, Steven; Dehqanzada, Zia A.; Gurney, Jennifer M.; Woll, Michael M.; Ryan, Gayle B.; Storrer, Catherine E.; Ponniah, Sathibalan] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, US Mil Canc Inst, Canc Vaccine Dev Program, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Holmes, Jarrod P.] Natl Naval Med Ctr, Dept Med, Div Hematol & Med Oncol, Bethesda, MD USA. [Hueman, Matthew T.; Amin, Asna; Khoo, Steven; Dehqanzada, Zia A.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Gen Surg Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Mittendorf, Elizabeth A.; Loannides, Constantin G.] UT MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Houston, TX USA. [Craig, Dianna] Windber Med Ctr, Joyce Murtha Breast Care Ctr, Windber, PA USA. RP Peoples, GE (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Gen Surg Serv, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM george.peoples@amedd.army.mil NR 34 TC 84 Z9 89 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI PHILADELPHIA PA 615 CHESTNUT ST, 17TH FLOOR, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-4404 USA SN 1078-0432 J9 CLIN CANCER RES JI Clin. Cancer Res. PD FEB 1 PY 2008 VL 14 IS 3 BP 797 EP 803 DI 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-07-1448 PG 7 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 258QK UT WOS:000252882400025 PM 18245541 ER PT J AU Hymas, WC Aldous, WK Taggart, EW Stevenson, JB Hillyard, DR AF Hymas, Weston C. Aldous, Wade K. Taggart, Edward W. Stevenson, Jeffery B. Hillyard, David R. TI Description and validation of a novel real-time RT-PCR enterovirus assay SO CLINICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID HERPES-SIMPLEX-VIRUS; POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; HYBRIDIZATION-TRIGGERED FLUORESCENCE; LIGHTCYCLER PCR; CEREBROSPINAL-FLUID; DNA PROBES; SEQUENCE POLYMORPHISMS; CYTOMEGALOVIRUS DNA; HUMAN SPECIMENS; RNA AB BACKGROUND: Enteroviruses area leading cause of aseptic meningitis in adult and pediatric populations. We describe the development of a real-time RT-PCR assay that amplifies a small target in the 5' nontranslated region upstream of the classical Rotbart enterovirus amplicon. The assay includes an RNA internal control and incorporates modified nucleotide chemistry. METHODS: We evaluated the performance characteristics of this design and performed blinded parallel testing on clinical samples, comparing the results with a commercially available RT-PCR assay (Pan-Enterovirus OligoDetect kit) that uses an enzyme immunoassay like plate end detection. RESULTS: We tested 778 samples and found 14 discrepant samples between the 2 assays. Of these, the real-time assay detected 6 samples that were negative by the OligoDetect kit, 5 of which were confirmed as positive by sequence analysis using an alternative primer set. Eight discrepant samples were positive by the OligoDetect kit and real-time negative, with 6 confirmed by sequencing. Overall, detection rates of 97% and 96% were obtained for the OligoDetect kit and real-time assays, respectively. Sequence analysis revealed the presence of a number of single nucleotide polymorphisms in the targeted region. The comparative sensitivities of the 2 assays were equivalent, with the limit of detection for the real-time assay determined to be approximately 430 copies per milliliter in cerebrospinal fluid. CONCLUSIONS: This novel real-time enterovirus assay is a sensitive and suitable assay for routine clinical testing. The presence of single nucleotide polymorphisms can affect real-time PCR assays. (C) 2007 American Association for Clinical Chemistry. C1 [Hymas, Weston C.; Taggart, Edward W.; Stevenson, Jeffery B.; Hillyard, David R.] ARUP, Inst Clin & Expt Pathol, Salt Lake City, UT 84108 USA. [Aldous, Wade K.] Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. [Hillyard, David R.] Univ Utah, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Pathol, Salt Lake City, UT 84132 USA. RP Hymas, WC (reprint author), ARUP, Inst Clin & Expt Pathol, 500 Chipeta Way, Salt Lake City, UT 84108 USA. EM hymasw@aruplab.com NR 30 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 2 U2 3 PU AMER ASSOC CLINICAL CHEMISTRY PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 L STREET NW, SUITE 202, WASHINGTON, DC 20037-1526 USA SN 0009-9147 J9 CLIN CHEM JI Clin. Chem. PD FEB PY 2008 VL 54 IS 2 BP 406 EP 413 DI 10.1373/clinchem.2007.095414 PG 8 WC Medical Laboratory Technology SC Medical Laboratory Technology GA 257ZI UT WOS:000252837800024 PM 18039718 ER PT J AU Dahl, E Cohen, SP AF Dahl, Erik Cohen, Steven P. TI Perineural injection of etanercept as a treatment for postamputation pain SO CLINICAL JOURNAL OF PAIN LA English DT Article DE amputation; phantom pain; neuroma; residual limb pain; tumor necrosis factor ID NECROSIS-FACTOR-ALPHA; LOW-BACK-PAIN; LUMBOSACRAL RADICULOPATHY; NEUROPATHIC PAIN; LIMB AMPUTATION; PHANTOM LIMB; AMPUTEES; INJURY; HYPERALGESIA; SCIATICA AB Background: The inflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor-alpha has been shown to play a pivotal role in the development and maintenance of a wide variety of neuropathic pain conditions. Not surprisingly, systemic treatment with drugs that block tumor necrosis factor have been demonstrated to alleviate pain and pain-related behaviors in clinical and preclinical studies, respectively. Despite evidence that local administration of this drug class may be more efficacious than systemic administration, there are no clinical studies to support or refute this assertion. Objective: To report results on the use of perineural etanercept in 6 traumatic amputees with postamputation pain. Methods: The authors treated 6 soldiers with residual limb and phantom pain with a series of perineural etanercept injections. Results: Five of the six patients reported significant improvements in residual limb pain at rest and with activity, phantom limb pain, functional capacity, and psychologic well-being 3 months after injections. The one soldier who failed therapy was the only patient who presented with pain greater than I year in duration. At the reduced doses administered, no adverse effects were observed. Discussion: These findings support preclinical evidence that the local administration of tumor necrosis factor inhibitors may prove to be a safe and effective treatment for challenging pain conditions. C1 [Dahl, Erik] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Orthoped Surg, Phys Med & Rehabil Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Cohen, Steven P.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Cohen, Steven P.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Dept Anesthesiol Crit Care Med, Pain Management Div, Baltimore, MD USA. RP Cohen, SP (reprint author), 550 N Broadway,Suite 301, Baltimore, MD 21029 USA. EM scohen40@jhmi.edu NR 30 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0749-8047 J9 CLIN J PAIN JI Clin. J. Pain PD FEB PY 2008 VL 24 IS 2 BP 172 EP 175 PG 4 WC Anesthesiology; Clinical Neurology SC Anesthesiology; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 255DT UT WOS:000252637800011 PM 18209523 ER PT J AU Pan, E Zhang, Y Chung, PW Denda, M AF Pan, E. Zhang, Y. Chung, P. W. Denda, M. TI Strain energy on the surface of an anisotropic half-space substrate: Effect of quantum-dot shape and depth SO CMES-COMPUTER MODELING IN ENGINEERING & SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE quantum dot; misfit lattice; Green's function; GaAs semiconductor; strain energy ID MOLECULAR-DYNAMICS MD; POINT GIMP METHOD; MULTISCALE SIMULATION; FINITE-ELEMENT; ELECTRONIC-PROPERTIES; EPITAXIAL-GROWTH; ELASTIC FIELDS; ISLANDS; NANOSTRUCTURES; SEMICONDUCTORS AB Quantum-dot (QD) semiconductor synthesis is one of the most actively investigated fields in strain energy band engineering. The induced strain fields influence ordering and alignment, and the subsequent surface formations determine the energy bandgap of the device. The effect of the strains on the surface formations is computationally expensive to simulate, thus analytical solutions to the QD-induced strain fields are very appealing and useful. In this paper we present an analytical method for calculating the QD-induced elastic field in anisotropic half-space semiconductor substrates. The QD is assumed to be of any polyhedral shape, and its surface is approximated efficiently by a number of flat triangles. The problem is formulated as an Eshelby inclusion problem in continuum mechanics whose solution can be expressed by a volume-integral equation involving the Green's functions and the equivalent body-force of eigenstrain. By virtue of the point-force Green's function solution, this volume integral is subsequently reduced to a line integral over [0, pi] which is numerically integrated by the Gaussian quadrature. Numerical examples are presented for cubic, pyramidal, truncated pyramidal and point QDs in GaAs (001) and (111) half-space substrates. The strain energy distribution on the surface of the substrate indicates clearly the strong influence of the QD shape and depth on the induced strain energy. This long-range strain energy on the surface has been found to be the main source for deter-mining QD surface size and pattern. C1 [Pan, E.; Zhang, Y.] Univ Akron, Dept Civil Engn, Akron, OH 44325 USA. [Pan, E.; Zhang, Y.] Univ Akron, Dept Appl Math, Akron, OH 44325 USA. [Chung, P. W.] USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. [Denda, M.] Rutgers State Univ, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. RP Pan, E (reprint author), Univ Akron, Dept Civil Engn, Akron, OH 44325 USA. EM pan2@uakron.edu RI Pan, Ernian/F-4504-2011 OI Pan, Ernian/0000-0001-6640-7805 NR 44 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 4 PU TECH SCIENCE PRESS PI NORCROSS PA 6825 JIMMY CARTER BLVD, STE 1850, NORCROSS, GA 30071 USA SN 1526-1492 EI 1526-1506 J9 CMES-COMP MODEL ENG JI CMES-Comp. Model. Eng. Sci. PD FEB PY 2008 VL 24 IS 2-3 BP 157 EP 167 PG 11 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Mathematics, Interdisciplinary Applications SC Engineering; Mathematics GA 280AD UT WOS:000254396400006 ER PT J AU Marks, P Polak, P McCoy, S Galletta, D AF Marks, Peter Polak, Peter McCoy, Scott Galletta, Dennis TI Sharing knowledge SO COMMUNICATIONS OF THE ACM LA English DT Article ID SOCIAL DILEMMAS; IDENTIFICATION C1 [Marks, Peter] Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. [Polak, Peter] Univ Miami, Sch Business Adm, Coral Gables, FL 33124 USA. [McCoy, Scott] Coll William & Mary, Mason Sch Business, Williamsburg, VA USA. [Galletta, Dennis] Univ Pittsburgh, Katz Grad Sch Business, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. RP Marks, P (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. EM pete-marks@us.army.mil; ppolak@miami.edu; scott.mccoy@mason.wm.edu; galletta@katz.pitt.edu NR 12 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 2 U2 5 PU ASSOC COMPUTING MACHINERY PI NEW YORK PA 2 PENN PLAZA, STE 701, NEW YORK, NY 10121-0701 USA SN 0001-0782 J9 COMMUN ACM JI Commun. ACM PD FEB PY 2008 VL 51 IS 2 BP 60 EP 65 DI 10.1145/1314215.1314226 PG 6 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA 260PR UT WOS:000253022900013 ER PT J AU Collins, TA Barnoy, S Baqar, S Ranallo, RT Nemelka, KW Venkatesan, MM AF Collins, Todd A. Barnoy, Shoshana Baqar, Shahida Ranallo, Ryan T. Nemelka, Kevin W. Venkatesan, Malabi M. TI Safety and colonization of two novel virG(icsA)-based live Shigella sonnei vaccine strains in rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) SO COMPARATIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID ENTEROINVASIVE-ESCHERICHIA-COLI; FLEXNERI 2A; ANTIBIOTIC-RESISTANCE; INTESTINAL EPITHELIUM; BACILLARY DYSENTERY; ENTERIC PATHOGENS; DISEASE BURDEN; ANIMAL-MODEL; IN-VITRO; PLASMID AB Shigella are gram-negative bacterium that cause bacillary dysentery (shigellosis). Symptoms include diarrhea and discharge of bloody mucoid stools, accompanied by severe abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, malaise, and fever. Persons traveling to regions with poor sanitation and crowded conditions become particularly susceptible to shigellosis. Currently a vaccine for Shigella has not been licensed in the United States, and the organism quickly becomes resistant to medications. During the past 10 y, several live attenuated oral Shigella vaccines, including the strain WRSS1, have been tested in humans with considerable success. These Phase I vaccines lack the gene for the protein VirG also known as IcsA, which enables the organism to disseminate in the host target tissue. However, 5% to 20% of the vaccinated volunteers developed mild fever and brief diarrhea, and the removal of additional virulence-associated genes from the vaccine strain may reduce or eliminate these side effects. We administered 2 Shigella sonnei vaccines, WRSs2 and WRSs3, along with WRSS1 to compare their rates of colonization and clinical safety in groups of 5 rhesus macaques. The primate model provides the most physiologically relevant animal system to test the validity and efficacy of vaccine candidates. In this pilot study using a gastrointestinal model of infection, the vaccine candidates WRSs2 and WRSs3, which have additional deletions in the enterotoxin and LPS modification genes, provided better safety and comparable immunogenicity to those of WRSS1. C1 [Collins, Todd A.; Barnoy, Shoshana; Baqar, Shahida; Ranallo, Ryan T.; Nemelka, Kevin W.; Venkatesan, Malabi M.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Naval Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP Collins, TA (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Naval Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD USA. EM todd.collins@us.army.mil NR 57 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ASSOC LABORATORY ANIMAL SCIENCE PI MEMPHIS PA 9190 CRESTWYN HILLS DR, MEMPHIS, TN 38125 USA SN 1532-0820 J9 COMPARATIVE MED JI Comparative Med. PD FEB PY 2008 VL 58 IS 1 BP 88 EP 94 PG 7 WC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology SC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology GA 266BY UT WOS:000253407500012 PM 19793462 ER PT J AU Barth, H Stiles, BG AF Barth, Holger Stiles, Bradley G. TI Binary actin-ADP-ribosylating toxins and their use as molecular Trojan horses for drug delivery into eukaryotic cells SO CURRENT MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Review ID BOTULINUM C2 TOXIN; PERFRINGENS IOTA-TOXIN; CLOSTRIDIUM-SPIROFORME TOXIN; SITE-DIRECTED MUTAGENESIS; REGULATED ANION CHANNELS; LIPID BILAYER-MEMBRANES; DEPENDENT ANTHRAX TOXIN; ENZYME COMPONENT C2I; RHO FAMILY GTPASES; NAD-BINDING-SITE AB Binary bacterial toxins are unique AB-type toxins, composed of two non-linked proteins that act as a binding/translocation component and an enzyme component. All known actin-ADP-ribosylating toxins from clostridia possess this binary structure. This toxin family is comprised of the prototypical Clostridium botulinum C2 toxin, Clostridium perfringens iota toxin, Clostridium difficile CDT, and Clostridium spiroforme toxin. Once in the cytosol of host cells, these toxins transfer an ADP-ribose moiety from nicotinamide-adenosine-dinucleotide onto G-actin that then leads to depolymerization of actin filaments. In recent years much progress has been made towards understanding the cellular uptake mechanism of binary actin-ADP-ribosylating toxins, and in particular that of C2 toxin. Both components act in a precisely concerted manner to intoxicate eukaryotic cells. The binding/ translocation (B-) component forms a complex with the enzyme (A-) component and mediates toxin binding to a cell-surface receptor. Following receptor-mediated endocytosis, the enzyme component escapes from acidic endosomes into the cytosol. Acidification of endosomes triggers pore formation by the binding/ translocation component in endosomal membranes and the enzyme component subsequently translocates through the pore. This step requires a host cell chaperone, Hsp90. Due to their unique structure, binary toxins are naturally "tailor made" for transporting foreign proteins into the cytosol of host cells. Several highly specific and cell-permeable recombinant fusion proteins have been designed and successfully used in experimental cell research. This review will focus on the recent progress in studying binary actin ADP-ribosylating toxins as highly effective virulence factors and innovative tools for cell physiology as well as pharmacology. C1 [Barth, Holger] Univ Ulm, Med Ctr, Inst Pharmacol & Toxicol, D-89081 Ulm, Germany. [Stiles, Bradley G.] USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Integrated Toxicol Div, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Barth, H (reprint author), Univ Ulm, Med Ctr, Inst Pharmacol & Toxicol, Albert Einstein Allee 11, D-89081 Ulm, Germany. EM holger.barth@uni-ulm.de RI Barth, Holger/E-7920-2013 NR 123 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 1 U2 6 PU BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBL LTD PI SHARJAH PA EXECUTIVE STE Y26, PO BOX 7917, SAIF ZONE, 1200 BR SHARJAH, U ARAB EMIRATES SN 0929-8673 J9 CURR MED CHEM JI Curr. Med. Chem. PD FEB PY 2008 VL 15 IS 5 BP 459 EP 469 DI 10.2174/092986708783503195 PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Medicinal; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 274GS UT WOS:000253990400005 PM 18289001 ER PT J AU Harnilton, CA Kapp, DS Chan, JK AF Harnilton, Chad A. Kapp, Daniel S. Chan, John K. TI Clinical aspects of uterine papillary serous carcinoma SO CURRENT OPINION IN OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE endometrial intraepithelial carcinoma; minimal uterine serous carcinoma; uterine papillary serous carcinoma; uterine serous carcinoma ID GYNECOLOGIC-ONCOLOGY-GROUP; PLATINUM-BASED CHEMOTHERAPY; GENE-EXPRESSION PROFILES; ENDOMETRIAL GLANDULAR DYSPLASIA; WHOLE ABDOMINOPELVIC RADIATION; DIFFERENT HISTOLOGIC TYPES; BREAST-CANCER PATIENTS; STAGE-I PATIENTS; PHASE-III TRIAL; NEOADJUVANT CHEMOTHERAPY AB Purpose of review We review the demographic and clinicopathologic characteristics, and prognosis of women diagnosed with uterine papillary serous carcinoma, with a focus on clinical management. Recent findings Pathologic evaluation of postmenopausal bleeding is preferred for patients who fit the profile of a high-risk endometrial cancer such as uterine papillary serous carcinoma. Women diagnosed with endometrial cancer who fit this profile and all women with uterine papillary serous carcinoma should undergo comprehensive surgical staging and aggressive cytoreduction of extrauterine disease. Adjuvant therapy remains controversial. Several recent investigations reported on the potential benefit of adjuvant chemotherapy, with many recommending additional loco-regional radiation. Summary Despite the lack of randomized trials on uterine papillary serous carcinoma, several recent reports have provided insight into the diagnosis, surgical management, and adjuvant treatment of this high-risk endometrial cancer. C1 [Chan, John K.] Univ Calif San Francisco, Sch Med, UCSF Comprehens Canc Ctr, Div Obstet & Gynecol,Dept Obstet & Gynecol, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. [Harnilton, Chad A.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Div Gynecol Oncol, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Washington, DC USA. [Kapp, Daniel S.] Stanford Canc Ctr, Dept Radiat Oncol, Stanford, CA USA. RP Harnilton, CA (reprint author), Univ Calif San Francisco, Sch Med, UCSF Comprehens Canc Ctr, Div Obstet & Gynecol,Dept Obstet & Gynecol, 1600 Divisadero St,Rm A747,Box 1702, San Francisco, CA 94143 USA. EM chanjohn@obgyn.ucsf.edu NR 84 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1040-872X J9 CURR OPIN OBSTET GYN JI Curr. Opin. Obstet. Gynecol. PD FEB PY 2008 VL 20 IS 1 BP 26 EP 33 PG 8 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 257ZX UT WOS:000252839300006 ER PT J AU Tam, CC Pierson, JC AF Tam, Christine C. Pierson, Joseph C. TI What is your diagnosis? - The diagnosis: Angioleiomyoma SO CUTIS LA English DT Editorial Material ID CUTANEOUS ANGIOLEIOMYOMA; VASCULAR LEIOMYOMA; NEOPLASMS; SKIN C1 [Tam, Christine C.] Guthrie Ambulatory Hlth Care Clin, Dept Dermatol, Ft Drum, NY USA. [Pierson, Joseph C.] Keller Army Community Hosp, Dermatol Serv, West Point, NY USA. RP Tam, CC (reprint author), Guthrie Ambulatory Hlth Care Clin, Dept Dermatol, Ft Drum, NY USA. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU QUADRANT HEALTHCOM INC PI PARSIPPANY PA 7 CENTURY DRIVE, STE 302, PARSIPPANY, NJ 07054-4603 USA SN 0011-4162 J9 CUTIS JI Cutis PD FEB PY 2008 VL 81 IS 2 BP 123 EP + PG 3 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 269SI UT WOS:000253670100004 PM 18441763 ER PT J AU Elm, MK Twede, JV Turiansky, GW AF Elm, Michael K. Twede, James V. Turiansky, George W. TI Primary cutaneous endometriost's of the umbilicus: A case report SO CUTIS LA English DT Article ID CELL CARCINOMA; NODULE; TUMOR AB Cutaneous endometriosis is a rare condition, especially in patients without a history of abdominal or pelvic surgery or known preexisting endometriosis. Most cases present with cyclic pain and bleeding at the site of an umbilical cutaneous nodule correlating with menses. We present an atypical case of primary cutaneous endometriosis of the umbilicus without a prior history of abdominal or pelvic. surgery and without cyclic pain or bleeding, C1 [Elm, Michael K.] Univ Hawaii, John A Burns Sch Med, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. [Twede, James V.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Natl Capital Consortium Dermatol Residency Progra, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Elm, MK (reprint author), Univ Hawaii, John A Burns Sch Med, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. EM michael.elm1@us.army.mil NR 17 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU QUADRANT HEALTHCOM INC PI PARSIPPANY PA 7 CENTURY DRIVE, STE 302, PARSIPPANY, NJ 07054-4603 USA SN 0011-4162 J9 CUTIS JI Cutis PD FEB PY 2008 VL 81 IS 2 BP 124 EP 126 PG 3 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 269SI UT WOS:000253670100005 PM 18441764 ER PT J AU Wyrick, K Cragun, T Russ, B Royer, MC AF Wyrick, Kristen Cragun, Timothy Russ, Brian Royer, Michael C. TI Atypical chromhidrosis: A case of report orange sweat SO CUTIS LA English DT Article ID APOCRINE CHROMHIDROSIS; TOPICAL CAPSAICIN AB Chromhidrosis is a rare sweat gland disorder that produces pigmented sweat. The etiology of this disorder often is unknown and the clinical presentation can vary. We describe a previously asymptomatic patient who presented with bronzing of the skin and complained of orange stains on her clothing. The patient's symptoms began after a prophylactic hysterectomy with bilateral oophorectomy. She is the first reported patient with orange-pigmented sweat in chromhidrosis. She also is the first postmenopausal patient with chromhidrosis. C1 [Wyrick, Kristen] Travis AFB, Family Med Residency, Fairfield, CA 94534 USA. [Cragun, Timothy] Andrews AFB, Family Med Residency, Camp Springs, MD USA. [Russ, Brian] Wright Patterson AFB, Dayton, OH USA. [Royer, Michael C.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Royer, Michael C.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Area Lab Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Wyrick, K (reprint author), Travis AFB, Family Med Residency, 101 Bodin Cir, Fairfield, CA 94534 USA. NR 15 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 1 PU QUADRANT HEALTHCOM INC PI PARSIPPANY PA 7 CENTURY DRIVE, STE 302, PARSIPPANY, NJ 07054-4603 USA SN 0011-4162 J9 CUTIS JI Cutis PD FEB PY 2008 VL 81 IS 2 BP 167 EP 170 PG 4 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 269SI UT WOS:000253670100013 PM 18441771 ER PT J AU dela Cruz, GG Knapik, JJ Birk, MG AF dela Cruz, Georgia G. Knapik, Joseph J. Birk, Marcella G. TI Evaluation of mouthguards for the prevention of orofacial injuries during United States Army basic military training SO DENTAL TRAUMATOLOGY LA English DT Article ID RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; MOUTH PROTECTORS; DENTAL INJURIES; FOOTBALL PLAYERS; RUGBY UNION; CONCUSSIONS; BASKETBALL; SPORTS; WEAR AB Beginning in January 2000, all individuals participating in basic military training at Fort Leonard Wood, Missouri, were issued boil-and-bite mouthguards. From January 2000 to March 2001, trainees were required to wear mouthguards only for a single activity, pugil stick training. After March 2001, mouthguards were required for four activities including pugil stick training, unarmed combat, rifle/bayonet training, and the confidence/obstacle course. Dentists systematically tracked trainees who reported to the dental clinic with orofacial injuries during three periods: January 2000-March 2001 (phase 1), April-September 2001 (phase 2) and September 2002-June 2003 (phase 3). Orofacial injury rates were 3.35, 1.89 and 1.91 cases/10 000 person-years in phases 1, 2 and 3, respectively. The overall risk of an orofacial injury was 1.76 (95% confidence interval = 1.03-3.02) times higher in phase 1 compared with the combined phases 2 and 3 (P = 0.006). Thus, orofacial injury rates were lower when mouthguards were required for four training activities as opposed to one training activity. Mouthguards are now required at all five Army basic training sites when trainees are performing any of the four training activities. C1 [dela Cruz, Georgia G.; Knapik, Joseph J.; Birk, Marcella G.] USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP dela Cruz, GG (reprint author), USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, LTC dela Cruz,5158 Blackhawk Rd, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM georgia.delacruz@us.army.mil NR 40 TC 15 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 2 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1600-4469 J9 DENT TRAUMATOL JI Dent. Traumatol. PD FEB PY 2008 VL 24 IS 1 BP 86 EP 90 DI 10.1111/j.1600-9657.2006.00500.x PG 5 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA 242PV UT WOS:000251738700018 PM 18173673 ER PT J AU Diaz, DS Kozar, MP Smith, KS Asher, CO Sousa, JC Schiehser, GA Jacobus, DP Milhous, WK Skillman, DR Shearer, TW AF Diaz, Damaris S. Kozar, Michael. P. Smith, Kirsten S. Asher, Constance O. Sousa, Jason C. Schiehser, Guy A. Jacobus, David. P. Milhous, Wilbur. K. Skillman, Donald. R. Shearer, Todd. W. TI Role of specific cytochrome P450 isoforms in the conversion of phenoxypropoxybiguanide analogs in human liver microsomes to potent antimalarial dihydrotriazines SO DRUG METABOLISM AND DISPOSITION LA English DT Article ID VITRO PROGUANIL ACTIVATION; S-MEPHENYTOIN HYDROXYLASE; IN-VITRO; PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM; DIHYDROFOLATE-REDUCTASE; GENETIC-POLYMORPHISM; ANTIFOLATE RESISTANCE; CYCLOGUANIL; INHIBITION; PYRIMETHAMINE AB Phenoxypropoxybiguanides, such as PS-15, are antimalarial prodrugs analogous to the relationship of proguanil and its active metabolite cycloguanil. Unlike cycloguanil, however, WR99210, the active metabolite of PS-15, has retained in vitro potency against newly emerging antifolate-resistant malaria parasites. Recently, in vitro metabolism of a new series of phenoxypropoxybiguanide analogs has examined the production of the active triazine metabolites by human liver microsomes. The purpose of this investigation was to elucidate the primary cytochrome P450 isoforms involved in the production of active metabolites in the current lead candidate. By using expressed human recombinant isoform preparations, specific chemical inhibitors, and isoform-specific inhibitory antibodies, the primary cytochrome P450 isoforms involved in the in vitro metabolic activation of JPC-2056 were elucidated. Unlike proguanil, which is metabolized primarily by CYP2C19, the results indicate that CYP3A4 plays a more important role in the metabolism of both PS-15 and JPC-2056. Whereas CYP2D6 appears to play a major role in the metabolism of PS-15 to WR99210, it appears less important in the conversion of JPC-2056 to JPC-2067. These results are encouraging, considering the prominence of CYP2C19 and CYP2D6 polymorphisms in certain populations at risk for contracting malaria, because the current clinical prodrug candidate from this series may be less dependent on these enzymes for metabolic activation. C1 [Diaz, Damaris S.; Kozar, Michael. P.; Smith, Kirsten S.; Asher, Constance O.; Sousa, Jason C.; Milhous, Wilbur. K.; Skillman, Donald. R.; Shearer, Todd. W.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Expt Therapeut, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Schiehser, Guy A.; Jacobus, David. P.] Jacobus Pharmaceut Co, Princeton, NJ USA. RP Shearer, TW (reprint author), GlaxoSmithKline Inc, Metab CEDD DMPK, 5 Moore Dr,MAIN A3409, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM todd.shearer@yahoo.com RI Kozar, Michael/A-9155-2011; Sousa, Jason/A-9177-2011 NR 41 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC PHARMACOLOGY EXPERIMENTAL THERAPEUTICS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3995 USA SN 0090-9556 J9 DRUG METAB DISPOS JI Drug Metab. Dispos. PD FEB PY 2008 VL 36 IS 2 BP 380 EP 385 DI 10.1124/dmd.106.013920 PG 6 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 255CR UT WOS:000252634900022 PM 18006651 ER PT J AU Foley, DH Weitzman, AL Miller, SE Faran, ME Rueda, LM Wilkerson, RC AF Foley, Desmond H. Weitzman, Anna L. Miller, Scott E. Faran, Michael E. Rueda, Leopoldo M. Wilkerson, Richard C. TI The value of georeferenced collection records for predicting patterns of mosquito species richness and endemism in the Neotropics SO ECOLOGICAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE BIOCLIM; biogeography; collections; database; distribution; mosquito; Neotropics; species-area relationship; species endemism; species richness ID AREA RELATIONSHIPS; MALARIA VECTORS; BIODIVERSITY; CONSERVATION; CULICIDAE; DIPTERA; CLASSIFICATION; EVOLUTIONARY; BIOGEOGRAPHY; ASSOCIATION AB 1. Determining large-scale distribution patterns for mosquitoes could advance knowledge of global mosquito biogeography and inform decisions about where mosquito inventory needs are greatest. 2. Over 43 000 georeferenced records are presented of identified and vouchered mosquitoes from collections undertaken between 1899 and 1982, from 1853 locations in 42 countries throughout the Neotropics. Of 492 species in the data set, 23% were only recorded from one location, and Anopheles albimanus Wiedemann is the most common species. 3. A linear log-log species-area relationship was found for mosquito species number and country area. Chile had the lowest relative density of species and Trinidad-Tobago the highest, followed by Panama and French Guiana. 4. The potential distribution of species was predicted using an Ecological Niche Modelling (ENM) approach. Anopheles species had the largest predicted species ranges, whereas species of Deinocerites and Wyeomyia had the smallest. 5. Species richness was estimated for 1 degrees grids and by summing predicted presence of species from ENM. These methods both showed areas of high species richness in French Guiana, Panama, Trinidad-Tobago, and Colombia. Potential hotspots in endemicity included unsampled areas in Panama, French Guiana, Colombia, Belize, Venezuela, and Brazil. 6. Argentina, The Bahamas, Bermuda, Bolivia, Cuba, and Peru were the most under-represented countries in the database compared with known country species occurrence data. Analysis of species accumulation curves suggested patchiness in the distribution of data points, which may affect estimates of species richness. 7. The data set is a first step towards the development of a global-scale repository of georeferenced mosquito collection records. C1 [Foley, Desmond H.] Smithsonian Inst, MSC, Suitland, MD 20746 USA. [Foley, Desmond H.; Rueda, Leopoldo M.; Wilkerson, Richard C.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Entomol, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Weitzman, Anna L.; Miller, Scott E.] Smithsonian Inst, Natl Museum Nat Hist, Washington, DC 20560 USA. [Faran, Michael E.] Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Psychiat, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. RP Foley, DH (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, MSC, MRC534,4210 Silver Hill Rd, Suitland, MD 20746 USA. EM foleydes@si.edu RI Valle, Ruben/A-7512-2013; OI Foley, Desmond/0000-0001-7525-4601; Miller, Scott/0000-0002-4138-1378 NR 69 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 2 U2 19 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0307-6946 J9 ECOL ENTOMOL JI Ecol. Entomol. PD FEB PY 2008 VL 33 IS 1 BP 12 EP 23 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2311.2007.00927.x PG 12 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 253CF UT WOS:000252495600002 ER PT J AU Brigger, MT McLeod, IK Sorensen, MP AF Brigger, Matthew T. McLeod, Ian K. Sorensen, Martin P. TI Neurosarcoidosis presenting as complicated sinusitis: A case report and review SO ENT-EAR NOSE & THROAT JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID SINONASAL SARCOIDOSIS; MANIFESTATIONS AB Sarcoidosis is a systemic granulomatous disease with widely variable clinical characteristics, including numerous head and neck manifestations. We describe the case of a 49-year-old man who presented to the emergency department with symptoms consistent with complicated sinusitis. He was ultimately found to have an atypical case of neurosarcoidosis. This case illustrates the varied multisystem presentation of sarcoidosis and the diagnostic considerations that are merited. C1 [Brigger, Matthew T.; Sorensen, Martin P.] Natl Naval Med Ctr, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, Bethesda, MD USA. [McLeod, Ian K.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, Washington, DC USA. RP Brigger, MT (reprint author), Massachusetts Eye & Ear Infirm, Dept Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, 243 Charles St, Boston, MA 02114 USA. EM matt.brigger@alumni.vanderbilt.edu NR 8 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU VENDOME GROUP LLC PI NEW YORK PA 149 FIFTH AVE, 10TH FLOOR, NEW YORK, NY 10010 USA SN 0145-5613 J9 ENT-EAR NOSE THROAT JI ENT-Ear Nose Throat J. PD FEB PY 2008 VL 87 IS 2 BP 93 EP 95 PG 3 WC Otorhinolaryngology SC Otorhinolaryngology GA 266NO UT WOS:000253443200010 PM 18437929 ER PT J AU Larson, SL Martin, WA Escalon, BL Thompson, M AF Larson, Steven L. Martin, W. Andy Escalon, B. Lynn Thompson, Michelle TI Dissolution, sorption, and kinetics involved in systems containing explosives, water, and soil SO ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID 2,4,6-TRINITROTOLUENE TNT; LIVE-FIRE; RDX; DESORPTION; TRANSPORT; RESIDUES; FATE; HMX; HEXAHYDRO-1,3,5-TRINITRO-1,3,5-TRIAZINE; SOLUBILITY AB Knowledge of explosives sorption and transformation processes is required to ensure that the proper fate and transport of such contaminants is understood at military ranges and ammunition production sites. Bioremediation of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT), hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX), and related nitroaromatic compounds has met with mixed success, which is potentially due to the uncertainty of how energetic compounds are bound to different soil types. This study investigated the dissolution and sorption properties of TNT and RDX explosives associated with six different soil types. Understanding the associations that explosives have with a different soil type assists with the development of conceptual models used for the sequestration process, risk analysis guidelines, and site assessment tools. In three-way systems of crystalline explosives, soil, and water, the maximum explosive solubility was not achieved due to the sorption of the explosive onto the soil particles and observed production of transformation byproducts. Significantly different sorption effects were also observed between sterile (gamma-irradiated) and nonsterile (nonirradiated) soils with the introduction of crystalline TNT and RDX into soil-water systems. C1 [Larson, Steven L.; Martin, W. Andy] USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Environm Lab, Waterways Expt Stn, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. [Escalon, B. Lynn] SpecPro, Huntsville, AL 35805 USA. [Thompson, Michelle] Appl Res Associates Inc, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Martin, WA (reprint author), USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Environm Lab, Waterways Expt Stn, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. EM Andy.Martin@erdc.usace.army.mil NR 22 TC 27 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0013-936X J9 ENVIRON SCI TECHNOL JI Environ. Sci. Technol. PD FEB 1 PY 2008 VL 42 IS 3 BP 786 EP 792 DI 10.1021/es0717360 PG 7 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 257CU UT WOS:000252777600027 PM 18323103 ER PT J AU Suski, JG Salice, C Houpt, JT Bazar, MA Talent, LG AF Suski, Jamie G. Salice, Christopher Houpt, John T. Bazar, Matthew A. Talent, Larry G. TI Dose-related effects following oral exposure of 2,4-dinitrotoluene on the western fence lizard, Sceloporus occidentalis SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE lizard; toxicity; reptile; dinitrotoluene ID CHRONIC TOXICITY; ECOTOXICOLOGY; STRESS; MODELS AB 2,4-dintitrotoluene (2,4-DNT) is an explosive frequently found in the soil of military installations. Because reptiles can be common on these sites, ecological risk assessments for compounds such as 2,4-DNT could be improved with toxicity data specific to reptiles. Western fence lizards, Sceloporus occidentalis, were used to develop a laboratory toxicity model for reptiles. A hierarchical approach was used; acute to subchronic studies were conducted to provide toxicity data relevant to short- and long-term exposures. First, a modified median lethal dose (LD50) study was conducted on male and female lizards using a stage-wise probit model. The LD50 was 577 mg/kg for female and 380 mg/kg for male lizards. Subsequently, a subacute experiment was conducted to further assess 2,4-DNT toxicity to male lizards and to define exposure levels for a longer term, subchronic study. The subchronic study was conducted for 60 consecutive days; male lizards were exposed to 0, 9, 15, 25, 42, 70 mg/kg/d. Dose-dependent mortality was observed in the three highest dose groups (25, 42, and 70 mg/kg/d); all other animals survived the study duration. Benchmark dose model calculations based on mortality indicated a 5% effect level of 15.8 mg/kg/d. At study termination, a gross necropsy was performed, organ weights were taken, and blood was collected for clinical and hematological analysis. Body weight, kidney weight, food consumption, postdose observations, and blood chemistries all were found to be significantly different from controls at doses above 9 mg/kg/d. Also, preliminary results suggest behavioral observations, and reduced food consumption may be a sensitive indicator of toxicity. The present study indicates Sceloporus occidentalis is suitable for evaluating toxicity of compounds to reptilian species. C1 [Suski, Jamie G.; Salice, Christopher; Houpt, John T.; Bazar, Matthew A.] USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. [Salice, Christopher] US EPA, Washington, DC 20460 USA. [Talent, Larry G.] Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Nat Resource Ecol & Management, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. RP Suski, JG (reprint author), USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM suski.jamie@epa.gov NR 38 TC 17 Z9 19 U1 3 U2 7 PU SOC ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY & CHEMISTRY-SETAC PI PENSACOLA PA 1010 N 12TH AVE, PENSACOLA, FL 32501-3367 USA SN 0730-7268 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem. PD FEB PY 2008 VL 27 IS 2 BP 352 EP 359 DI 10.1897/07-149R.1 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 253DX UT WOS:000252500000014 PM 18348623 ER PT J AU Park, K Wang, HV Kim, SC Oh, JH AF Park, Kyeong Wang, Harry V. Kim, Sung-Chan Oh, Jeong-Hwan TI A model study of the estuarine turbidity maximum along the main channel of the upper Chesapeake bay SO ESTUARIES AND COASTS LA English DT Article DE sediment transport model; particle size classes; erosion and deposition; estuarine turbidity maximum; upper Chesapeake Bay; intertidal and intratidal time scales ID SUSPENDED SEDIMENT; TIDAL ESTUARIES; RIVER; RESUSPENSION; TRANSPORT; EROSION; WIND AB A three-dimensional, intratidal sediment transport model is developed for the estuarine turbidity maximum (ETM) in the upper Chesapeake Bay. The model considers three particle size classes, including the fine class mostly in suspension in the water column, the medium class alternately suspended and deposited by tidal currents, and the coarse size suspended only during the times of relatively high energy events. Based on the results of a box model, depth-limited erosion with continuous deposition is employed for the medium and coarse classes by varying the critical shear stress for erosion as a function of eroded mass. For the fine class, mutually exclusive erosion and deposition is employed with a small constant value for the critical shear stresses for erosion and deposition to assure quick erosion of recently deposited fine particles but without allowing further erosion of consolidated bed sediments. The model is run to simulate the annual condition in 1996, and the model generally gives a reasonable reproduction of the observed characteristics of the ETM relative to the salt limit and tidal phase. The model results for 1996 are analyzed to study the characteristics of the ETM along the main channel of the upper bay in intertidal and intratidal time scales. Under a low flow condition, local erosion/deposition and bottom horizontal flux convergence are the main processes responsible for the formation of the ETM, with the settling flux confining the ETM to the bottom water. Under a high flow condition, a distinctive ETM is formed by strong convergence of the downstream flux of sediments eroded from the upstream of the null zone and the upstream flux of sediments settled at the downstream of the null zone. Intratidal variation of the ETM is mainly controlled by erosion and the tidal transport of eroded sediments for a low flow condition. Under the direct influence of a high flow event, the ETM is mainly formed by erosion during ebbing tidal current strengthened by large freshwater discharge and by convergence of ebbing freshwater discharge and flooding tidal current. During the rebounding stage of a high flow event, intratidal variations are mainly controlled by tidal asymmetry caused by the interaction between tidal currents, gravitational circulation, and stratification. C1 [Park, Kyeong] Univ S Alabama, Dept Marine Sci, Dauphin Isl Sea Lab, Dauphin Isl, AL 36528 USA. [Wang, Harry V.] Coll William & Mary, Virginia Inst Marine Sci, Gloucester Point, VA 23062 USA. [Kim, Sung-Chan] USA, Corps Engineers, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Environm Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. [Oh, Jeong-Hwan] KRISO, KORDI, Taejon 305600, South Korea. RP Park, K (reprint author), Univ S Alabama, Dept Marine Sci, Dauphin Isl Sea Lab, 101 Bienville Blvd, Dauphin Isl, AL 36528 USA. EM kpark@disl.org NR 39 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 8 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1559-2723 J9 ESTUAR COAST JI Estuaries Coasts PD FEB PY 2008 VL 31 IS 1 BP 115 EP 133 DI 10.1007/s12237-007-9013-8 PG 19 WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 259GF UT WOS:000252927100010 ER PT J AU Gupta, N Ham, JC Svejnar, J AF Gupta, Nandim Ham, Jhon C. Svejnar, Jan TI Priorities and sequencing in privatization: Evidence from Czech firm panel data SO EUROPEAN ECONOMIC REVIEW LA English DT Article DE privatization; political economy; transition ID CORPORATE PERFORMANCE; TRANSITION ECONOMIES; OWNERSHIP; SELECTION; STATE; WORK AB While privatization of state-owned enterprises has been one of the most important aspects of the economic transition from a centrally planned to a market system, no transition economy has privatized all its firms simultaneously. This raises the question of whether governments privatize firms strategically. In this paper we examine the determinants of the sequencing of privatization. To obtain testable predictions about the factors that may affect sequencing, we investigate the following competing government objectives: (i) Maximizing efficiency through resource allocation; (ii) maximizing public goodwill from the free transfers of shares to the public; (iii) minimizing political costs; (iv) maximizing efficiency through information gains; and (v) maximizing privatization revenues. Next, we use firm-level data from the Czech Republic to test the competing predictions about the sequencing of privatization. Consistent with the hypotheses of a government priority on revenues and public goodwill, we find strong evidence that more profitable firms were privatized first. The sequencing of privatization is also consistent with maximizing efficiency through information gains. Our results indicate that many empirical studies of the effects of privatization on firm performance suffer from a selection bias. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Ham, Jhon C.] Univ So Calif, USA, Fed Reserve Bank, San Francisco, CA USA. [Gupta, Nandim] Indiana Univ, Kelley Sch Business, Bloomington, IN 47405 USA. [Svejnar, Jan] Univ Michigan, USA, CERGE EI, CEPR, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 USA. [Svejnar, Jan] IZA, Bonn, Germany. RP Ham, JC (reprint author), Univ So Calif, Dept Econ, 3620 S Vermont Ave KAP 3000, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. EM nagupta@indiana.edu; johnham@usc.edu; svejnar@umich.edu RI Svejnar, Jan/H-2924-2014 NR 37 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 1 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0014-2921 J9 EUR ECON REV JI Eur. Econ. Rev. PD FEB PY 2008 VL 52 IS 2 BP 183 EP 208 DI 10.1016/j.euroecorev.2007.05.004 PG 26 WC Economics SC Business & Economics GA 279SZ UT WOS:000254376200001 ER PT J AU Chiu, NC Fang, SC Lavery, JE Lin, JY Wang, Y AF Chiu, Nan-Chieh Fang, Shu-Cherng Lavery, John E. Lin, Jen-Yen Wang, Yong TI Approximating term structure of interest rates using cubic L-1 splines SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF OPERATIONAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE B-spline; finance; geometric programming; L-1 spline; term structure ID GEOMETRIC-PROGRAMMING APPROACH; SMOOTHING SPLINES; BIVARIATE AB Classical spline fitting methods for estimating the term structure of interest rates have been criticized for generating highly fluctuating fitting curves for bond price and discount function. In addition, the performance of these methods usually relies heavily on parameter tuning involving human judgement. To overcome these drawbacks, a recently developed cubic L-1 spline model is proposed for term structure analysis. Cubic L-1 splines preserve the shape of the data, exhibit no extraneous oscillation and have small fitting errors. Cubic L-1 splines are tested using a set of real financial data and compared with the widely used B-splines. (C) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 SAS Inst Inc, Cary, NC 27513 USA. Natl Chaiyi Univ, Chiayi City 60004, Taiwan. Army Res Lab, Army Res Off, Div Math, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. Tsing Hua Univ, Dept Math Sci, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. Tsing Hua Univ, Dept Ind Engn, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. N Carolina State Univ, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. Polaris Securites, Fixed Income Div, Taipei 106, Taiwan. RP Wang, Y (reprint author), SAS Inst Inc, Cary, NC 27513 USA. EM njchiu@polaris.com.tw; fang@eos.ncsu.edu; john.lavery2@us.army.mil; jylin@mail.ncyu.edu.tw; Yong.Wang@sas.com NR 25 TC 9 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0377-2217 J9 EUR J OPER RES JI Eur. J. Oper. Res. PD FEB 1 PY 2008 VL 184 IS 3 BP 990 EP 1004 DI 10.1016/j.ejor.2006.12.008 PG 15 WC Management; Operations Research & Management Science SC Business & Economics; Operations Research & Management Science GA 220XG UT WOS:000250190000011 ER PT J AU Ellis, MW AF Ellis, Michael W. TI Is antimicrobial therapy needed to manage uncomplicated skin and soft-tissue abscesses? SO EXPERT REVIEW OF ANTI-INFECTIVE THERAPY LA English DT Article DE abscess; community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus; methicillin resistance; methicillin resistance Staphylococcus aureus; skin and soft tissue; Staphylococcus aureus ID RESISTANT STAPHYLOCOCCUS-AUREUS; DOUBLE-BLIND; COMPLICATED SKIN; CONTROLLED-TRIAL; INFECTIONS; CHILDREN; GENES AB Community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus(CA-MRSA) infections occur across a wide spectrum of epidemiologic groups, which range from medically underserved urban dwellers to professional athletes. CA-MRSA primarily causes skin and soft-tissue infections but it can also cause severe invasive disease, including necrotizing pneumonia and necrotizing fasciitis. In light of CA-MRSA's proclivity to cause skin and soft-tissue abscesses and its capacity to inflict severe illness, investigators have been prompted to revisit the question of whether adjunctive antimicrobial therapy is necessary in the management of uncomplicated abscesses. This article evaluates the findings of a recently published randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial that aims to determine whether 'standard-of-care' antimicrobial therapy is needed after adequate surgical incision and drainage of uncomplicated skin and soft-tissue abscesses. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, MCHE MDI, Infect Dis Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Ellis, MW (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, MCHE MDI, Infect Dis Serv, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM michael.ellis2@amedd.army.mil NR 20 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU EXPERT REVIEWS PI LONDON PA UNITEC HOUSE, 3RD FL, 2 ALBERT PLACE, FINCHLEY CENTRAL, LONDON N3 1QB, ENGLAND SN 1478-7210 J9 EXPERT REV ANTI-INFE JI Expert Rev. Anti-Infect. Ther. PD FEB PY 2008 VL 6 IS 1 BP 9 EP 13 DI 10.1586/14787210.6.1.9 PG 5 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 290UG UT WOS:000255147300008 PM 18251659 ER PT J AU Moore, DF Brady, RO AF Moore, David F. Brady, Roscoe O. TI Systems-biology approach to sphingolipid-storage disorders SO FUTURE LIPIDOLOGY LA English DT Review DE hereditary metabolic storage disorders; improved therapeutic strategies; sphingolipidoses; systems biology ID FABRY-DISEASE MICE; ALPHA-GALACTOSIDASE; REPLACEMENT THERAPY; ENZYME REPLACEMENT; GLOBOTRIAOSYLCERAMIDE; ABNORMALITIES; EXPRESSION; MODEL AB The discovery of the enzymatic defects in sphingolipid-storage disorders led to important benefits for patients with these conditions. Diagnostic tests, genetic counseling procedures and prenatal diagnosis are available for these disorders. Enzyme-replacement therapy is especially effective for patients with Gaucher disease. It is also approved for patients with Fabry disease, but as yet unrecognized targets need to be addressed and treatment improved, probably because of the multiplicity of organs and tissues involved in patients with this condition. We propose that a significant increase of our understanding of the pathophysiology and etiopathogenesis underlying Fabry disease and other metabolic storage disorders is probably required to develop effective therapies for these patients. Significant advances in this aspect of Fabry disease and other disorders are anticipated from the application of a system- biology approach to understand the cellular and metabolic consequences of lipid accumulation. This strategy is discussed and its potential evaluated in this overview. C1 [Brady, Roscoe O.] NINDS, NIH, Dev & Metab Neurol Branch, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Moore, David F.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Def & Vet Brain Injury Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Brady, RO (reprint author), NINDS, NIH, Dev & Metab Neurol Branch, Bldg 10,Room 304, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM david.f.moore@amedd.army.mil; rb57v@nih.gov NR 22 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU FUTURE MEDICINE LTD PI LONDON PA UNITEC HOUSE, 3RD FLOOR, 2 ALBERT PLACE, FINCHLEY CENTRAL, LONDON, N3 1QB, ENGLAND SN 1746-0875 J9 FUTURE LIPIDOL JI Future Lipidol. PD FEB PY 2008 VL 3 IS 1 BP 105 EP 111 DI 10.2217/17460875.3.1.105 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 263XJ UT WOS:000253249500015 ER PT J AU Dobson, NR Zhou, YX Flint, NC Armstrong, RC AF Dobson, Nicole R. Zhou, Yong-Xing Flint, Nicole C. Armstrong, Regina C. TI Musashi1 RNA-binding protein regulates oligodendrocyte lineage cell differentiation and survival SO GLIA LA English DT Article DE oligodendrocyte progenitor; differentiation; glial development; remyelination ID NEURAL STEM-CELLS; SUBVENTRICULAR ZONE; NERVOUS-SYSTEM; PROGENITOR CELLS; GENE-EXPRESSION; MESSENGER-RNA; CNS; REMYELINATION; RECEPTOR; FGF2 AB Expression of Musashi1 (Msi1), an evolutionarily conserved RNA-binding protein, in neural stem cells of the subventricular zone in the postnatal and adult CNS indicates a potential role in the generation of oligodendrocytes. We now show Msi1 expression in a subset of oligodendrocyte progenitor (OP) cells in white matter areas temporally and spatially associated with oligodendrogenesis in the postnatal CNS. Msi1 function was evaluated by infection of OP cells with retroviral transduction of Msi1 or knockdown of endogenous Msi1. Retroviral expression of Msi1 significantly reduced the proportion of mature oligodendrocytes generated from OP cells in vitro and in vivo during myelination. Msi1 transduction also promoted OP survival, particularly under conditions of challenge from oxidative stress, while Msi1 siRNA knockdown resulted in dramatic OP cell death. Furthermore, in experimental demyelination Msi1 expression was increased among cells associated with lesions, including OP cells, indicating a potential role in the generation of remyelinating oligodendrocytes. (C) 2007 Wiley-Liss, Inc. C1 [Zhou, Yong-Xing; Flint, Nicole C.; Armstrong, Regina C.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Anat Physiol & Genet, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Dobson, Nicole R.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Pediat, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Dobson, Nicole R.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Flint, Nicole C.; Armstrong, Regina C.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Neurosci Program, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Armstrong, RC (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Anat Physiol & Genet, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. EM rarmstrong@usuhs.edu FU NINDS NIH HHS [NS39293, R01 NS039293, R01 NS039293-08] NR 43 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 1 PU WILEY-LISS PI HOBOKEN PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0894-1491 J9 GLIA JI Glia PD FEB PY 2008 VL 56 IS 3 BP 318 EP 330 DI 10.1002/glia.20615 PG 13 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 254KQ UT WOS:000252585900007 PM 18098125 ER PT J AU Logemann, JA Pauloski, BR Rademaker, AW Lazarus, CL Gaziano, J Stachowiak, L Newman, L MacCracken, E Santa, D Mittal, B AF Logemann, Jeri A. Pauloski, Barbara Roa Rademaker, Alfred W. Lazarus, Cathy L. Gaziano, Joy Stachowiak, Linda Newman, Lisa MacCracken, Ellen Santa, Daphne Mittal, Bharat TI Swallowing disorders in the first year after radiation and chemoradiation SO HEAD AND NECK-JOURNAL FOR THE SCIENCES AND SPECIALTIES OF THE HEAD AND NECK LA English DT Article DE radiation; chemoradiation; oropharyngeal swallowing disorders; oropharyngeal swallowing physiology; head and neck; videofluoroscopy ID NECK-CANCER; HEAD; DYSPHAGIA; CHEMORADIOTHERAPY; CHEMOTHERAPY; PRESERVATION; RADIOTHERAPY; CARCINOMA AB Background. Radiation alone or concurrent chemoradiation can result in severe swallowing disorders. This manuscript defines the swallowing disorders occurring at pretreatment and 3 and 12 months after completion of radiation or chemoradiation. Methods. Forty-eight patients (10 women and 38 men) participated in this study involving videofluorographic evaluation of oropharyngeal swallow at the 3 time points. Results, At baseline, patients had some swallow disorders, probably related to presence of their tumor. At 3 months posttreatment, frequency of reduced tongue base retraction, slow or delayed laryngeal vestibule closure, and reduced laryngeal elevation increased from baseline. Some disorders continued at 12 months posttreatment. Functional swallow decreased over time in patients treated with chemoradiation, but not those treated with radiation alone. Discussion. Chemoradiation results in fewer functional swallowers than radiation alone at 12 months posttreatment completion. @ 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 [Logemann, Jeri A.; Pauloski, Barbara Roa] Northwestern Univ, Dept Commun Sci & Disorders, Evanston, IL USA. [Rademaker, Alfred W.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Prevent Med, Feinberg Sch Med, Chicago, IL 60611 USA. [Rademaker, Alfred W.] Northwestern Univ, Feinberg Sch Med, Biostat Core Facil, Robert H Lurie Comprehens Canc Ctr, Chicago, IL 60611 USA. [Lazarus, Cathy L.] Northwestern Univ, Feinberg Sch Med, Voice Speech & Lang Serv & Swallowing Ctr, Chicago, IL USA. [Gaziano, Joy; Stachowiak, Linda] Univ S Florida, H Lee Moffitt Canc Ctr & Res Inst, Tampa, FL USA. [Newman, Lisa] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Army Audiol & Speech Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [MacCracken, Ellen] Univ Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. [Santa, Daphne] Miami VA Med Ctr, Audiol & Speech Pathol Serv, Miami, FL USA. [Mittal, Bharat] Northwestern Mem Hosp, Dept Radiat Oncol, Chicago, IL USA. RP Logemann, JA (reprint author), Northwestern Univ, Dept Commun Sci & Disorders, Evanston, IL USA. EM j-logemann@northwestern.edu FU NCI NIH HHS [P01 CA040007-15, P50DE/CA11921, P01 CA040007, P01 CA40007]; NIDCR NIH HHS [P50 DE011921-05S2] NR 12 TC 91 Z9 92 U1 2 U2 7 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 1043-3074 J9 HEAD NECK-J SCI SPEC JI Head Neck-J. Sci. Spec. Head Neck PD FEB PY 2008 VL 30 IS 2 BP 148 EP 158 DI 10.1002/hed.20672 PG 11 WC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery SC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery GA 259NK UT WOS:000252945800002 PM 17786992 ER PT J AU James, WF Richardson, WB Soballe, DM AF James, William F. Richardson, William B. Soballe, David M. TI Contribution of sediment fluxes and transformations to the summer nitrogen budget of an Upper Mississippi River backwater system SO HYDROBIOLOGIA LA English DT Article DE ammonium; backwaters; diffusion; denitrification; floodplain rivers; nitrate; nitrification ID GULF-OF-MEXICO; ESTUARINE SEDIMENTS; MACROPHYTE GROWTH; DENITRIFICATION; NITRATE; NITRIFICATION; ECOSYSTEMS; STREAMS; WATER; N-15 AB Routing nitrate through backwaters of regulated floodplain rivers to increase retention could decrease loading to nitrogen (N)-sensitive coastal regions. Sediment core determinations of N flux were combined with inflow-outflow fluxes to develop mass balance approximations of N uptake and transformations in a flow-controlled backwater of the Upper Mississippi River (USA). Inflow was the dominant nitrate source (>95%) versus nitrification and varied as a function of source water concentration since flow was constant. Nitrate uptake length increased linearly, while uptake velocity decreased linearly, with increasing inflow concentration to 2 mg l(-1), indicating limitation of N uptake by loading. N saturation at higher inflow concentration coincided with maximum uptake capacity, 40% uptake efficiency, and an uptake length 2 times greater than the length of the backwater. Nitrate diffusion and denitrification in sediment accounted for 27% of the backwater nitrate retention, indicating that assimilation by other biota or denitrification on other substrates were the dominant uptake mechanisms. Ammonium export from the backwater was driven by diffusive efflux from the sediment. Ammonium increased from near zero at the inflow to a maximum mid-lake, then declined slightly toward the outflow due to uptake during transport. Ammonium export was small compared to nitrate retention. C1 [James, William F.; Soballe, David M.] Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Eau Galle Aquat Ecol Lab, Spring Valley, WI 54767 USA. [Richardson, William B.] US Geol Survey, Upper Midwest Environm Sci Ctr, La Crosse, WI 54603 USA. RP James, WF (reprint author), Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Eau Galle Aquat Ecol Lab, W 500 Eau Galle Dam Rd, Spring Valley, WI 54767 USA. EM jamesw1@svtel.net NR 48 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 4 U2 14 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0018-8158 J9 HYDROBIOLOGIA JI Hydrobiologia PD FEB PY 2008 VL 598 BP 95 EP 107 DI 10.1007/s10750-007-9142-x PG 13 WC Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 244OD UT WOS:000251874300008 ER PT J AU Swami, A Berry, RA Sayeed, AM Tarokh, V Zhao, Q AF Swami, Ananthram Berry, Randall A. Sayeed, Akbar M. Tarokh, Vahid Zhao, Qing TI Introduction to the Issue on Signal Processing and Networking for Dynamic Spectrum Access SO IEEE JOURNAL OF SELECTED TOPICS IN SIGNAL PROCESSING LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Swami, Ananthram] USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. [Berry, Randall A.] Northwestern Univ, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Evanston, IL 60201 USA. [Sayeed, Akbar M.] Univ Wisconsin, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Madison, WI 53706 USA. [Tarokh, Vahid] Harvard Univ, Div Engn & Appl Sci, Cambridge, MA 02138 USA. [Zhao, Qing] Univ Calif Davis, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Davis, CA 95616 USA. RP Swami, A (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM a.swami@ieee.org; rberry@ece.northwestern.edu; akbar@engr.wisc.edu; vahid@deas.harvard.edu; qzhao@ece.ucdavis.edu RI Berry, Randall/B-7107-2009; OI Berry, Randall/0000-0002-1861-6722 NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 1932-4553 J9 IEEE J-STSP JI IEEE J. Sel. Top. Signal Process. PD FEB PY 2008 VL 2 IS 1 BP 1 EP 3 DI 10.1109/JSTSP.2008.917511 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA 436ND UT WOS:000265419900001 ER PT J AU Newman, HS Ebel, JL Judy, D Maciel, J AF Newman, Harvey S. Ebel, John L. Judy, Daniel Maciel, John TI Lifetime measurements on a high-reliability RF-MEMS contact switch SO IEEE MICROWAVE AND WIRELESS COMPONENTS LETTERS LA English DT Article DE microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) devices; reliability testing; switches AB Radio frequency microelectromechanical systems (RF MEMS) cantilever contact switches have been tested for lifetime. The mean cycles-to-failure measured on an ensemble of switches was 430 billion switch cycles. The longest lifetime exhibited without degradation of the switch was 914 billion switch cycles. The devices were switched at 20 kHz with an incident RF frequency of 10 GHz and an incident RF power of 20 dBm. Testing was performed continuously over a period of approximately 18 months. The switches were operated in a cold-switched mode. C1 [Newman, Harvey S.] USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. [Ebel, John L.] USAF, Wright Patterson AFB, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Judy, Daniel] USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20873 USA. [Maciel, John] MEMS Inc, Stow, MA 01175 USA. RP Newman, HS (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. EM harvey.newman@nrl.navy.mil; john.ebel@wpafb.af.mil; djudy@arl.army.mil; jma-ciel@radantmems.com NR 5 TC 48 Z9 48 U1 0 U2 14 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 1531-1309 J9 IEEE MICROW WIREL CO JI IEEE Microw. Wirel. Compon. Lett. PD FEB PY 2008 VL 18 IS 2 BP 100 EP 102 DI 10.1109/LMWC.2007.915037 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA 263OD UT WOS:000253225500010 ER PT J AU Shkuratov, SI Baird, J Talantsev, EF Ponomarev, AV Altgilbers, LL Stults, AH AF Shkuratov, Sergey I. Baird, Jason Talantsev, Evgueni F. Ponomarev, Andrey V. Altgilbers, Larry L. Stults, Allen H. TI High voltage charging of a capacitor bank SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON PLASMA SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE charging capacitor bank; explosive pulsed-power; primary power sources; shock depolarization of ferroelectrics ID SHOCK-WAVE DEMAGNETIZATION; LEAD-ZIRCONATE-TITANATE; HARD FERROMAGNETICS; BARIUM-TITANATE; COMPRESSION; GENERATOR; CERAMICS AB We have demonstrated the feasibility of charging a capacitor bank to a high voltage using an autonomous ultra-compact explosively driven source of prime power. The prime power source is a longitudinally driven shock wave depolarization of a ferroelectric ceramic. The energy-carrying elements of the shock wave ferroelectric generators (FEGs) were poled Pb(Zr52Ti48)O-3 polycrystalline ceramic disks with 0.35 cm(3) volume. FEGs charged 9 nF, 18 nF, and 36 nF capacitor banks and provided pulsed-power with peak amplitudes up to 0.29 MW. The maximum efficiency of electric charge transfer from shocked Pb(Zr52Ti48)O-3 elements to a capacitor bank was 46%. We demonstrated experimentally that the FEG-capacitor bank system can perform as an oscillatory circuit. A methodology was developed for numerical simulation of the operation of the FEG-capacitor bank system; the simulation results were in a good agreement with the experimental results. C1 [Shkuratov, Sergey I.; Baird, Jason; Talantsev, Evgueni F.] Loki Inc, Rolla, MO 65409 USA. [Ponomarev, Andrey V.] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Electrophys, Ekaterinburg 620016, Russia. [Altgilbers, Larry L.; Stults, Allen H.] US Army Space & Missile Command, Huntsville, AL 35807 USA. RP Shkuratov, SI (reprint author), Loki Inc, Rolla, MO 65409 USA. EM shkuratov@1okiconsult.com OI Talantsev, Evgeny/0000-0001-8970-7982 NR 15 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0093-3813 J9 IEEE T PLASMA SCI JI IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci. PD FEB PY 2008 VL 36 IS 1 BP 44 EP 51 DI 10.1109/TPS.2007.913818 PN 1 PG 8 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Physics GA 263NY UT WOS:000253225000007 ER PT J AU Rong, Y Hua, YB Swami, A Swindlehurst, AL AF Rong, Yue Hua, Yingbo Swami, Ananthram Swindlehurst, A. Lee TI Space-time power schedule for distributed MIMO links without instantaneous channel state information at the transmitting nodes SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SIGNAL PROCESSING LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 32nd IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing CY APR 15-20, 2007 CL Honolulu, HI SP IEEE Signal Proc Soc DE multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems; space-time power schedule; wireless mesh networks ID FADING CORRELATION; CAPACITY; SYSTEMS; INTERFERENCE AB A space-time optimal power schedule for multiple distributed multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) links without the knowledge of the instantaneous channel state information (CSI) at the transmitting nodes is proposed. A readily computable expression for the ergodic sum capacity of the MIMO links is derived. Based on this expression, which is a non-convex function of power allocation vectors, a projected gradient algorithm is developed to optimize the power allocation. For a symmetric set of MIMO links with independent identically distributed channels, it is observed that the space-time optimal power schedule reduces to a uniform isotropic power schedule when nominal interference is low, or to an orthogonal isotropic power schedule when nominal interference is high. Furthermore, the transition region between the latter two schedules is seen to be very sharp in terms of nominal interference-to-noise ratio (INR). For MIMO links with correlated channels, the corresponding space-time optimal power schedule is developed based on the knowledge of the channel correlation matrices. It is shown that the channel correlation has a great impact on the ergodic capacity and the optimality of different power scheduling approaches. C1 [Rong, Yue; Hua, Yingbo] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Elect Engn, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Swami, Ananthram] Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. [Swindlehurst, A. Lee] Brigham Young Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Provo, UT 84602 USA. RP Rong, Y (reprint author), Curtin Univ Technol, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Bentley, WA 6102, Australia. EM yue.rong@ieee.org; yhua@ee.ucr.edu; aswami@arl.army.mil; swindle@ee.byu.edu RI Rong, Yue/K-3368-2013 OI Rong, Yue/0000-0002-5831-7479 NR 19 TC 10 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1053-587X J9 IEEE T SIGNAL PROCES JI IEEE Trans. Signal Process. PD FEB PY 2008 VL 56 IS 2 BP 686 EP 701 DI 10.1109/TSP.2007.906777 PG 16 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA 254GU UT WOS:000252575200021 ER PT J AU Zhao, QC Geirhofer, S Tong, L Sadler, BM AF Zhao, Qianchuan Geirhofer, Stefan Tong, Lang Sadler, Brian M. TI Opportunistic spectrum access via periodic channel sensing SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SIGNAL PROCESSING LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference CY MAR 11-15, 2007 CL Hong Kong, PEOPLES R CHINA SP IEEE DE constrained Markov decision processes; dynamic spectrum access; resource allocation ID FRAMEWORK; NETWORKS AB The problem of opportunistic access of parallel channels occupied by primary users is considered. Under a continuous-time Markov chain modeling of the channel occupancy by the primary users, a slotted transmission protocol for secondary users using a periodic sensing strategy with optimal dynamic access is proposed. To maximize channel utilization while limiting interference to primary users, a framework of constrained Markov decision processes is presented, and the optimal access policy is derived via a linear program. Simulations are used for performance evaluation. It is demonstrated that periodic sensing yields negligible loss of throughput when the constraint on interference is tight. C1 [Zhao, Qianchuan] Tsing Hua Univ, Dept Automat, Ctr Intelligence & Networked Syst, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. [Geirhofer, Stefan; Tong, Lang] Cornell Univ, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Sadler, Brian M.] Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Zhao, QC (reprint author), Tsing Hua Univ, Dept Automat, Ctr Intelligence & Networked Syst, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. EM zhaoqc@tsinghua.edu.cn; sg355@cornell.edu; ltong@ece.cornell.edu; bsadler@arl.anny.mil NR 18 TC 171 Z9 181 U1 3 U2 13 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 1053-587X J9 IEEE T SIGNAL PROCES JI IEEE Trans. Signal Process. PD FEB PY 2008 VL 56 IS 2 BP 785 EP 796 DI 10.1109/TSP.2007.907867 PG 12 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA 254GU UT WOS:000252575200029 ER PT J AU Carlton-Ford, S Ender, MG Tabatabai, A AF Carlton-Ford, Steve Ender, Morten G. Tabatabai, Ahoo TI Iraqi adolescents: Self-regard, self-derogation, and perceived threat in war SO JOURNAL OF ADOLESCENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 101st Annual Meeting of the American-Sociological-Association CY AUG 11-14, 2006 CL Montreal, CANADA SP Amer Sociol Assoc DE war; armed conflict; self-esteem; perceived threat; mortality threats ID PALESTINIAN CHILDREN; POLITICAL VIOLENCE; PSYCHOLOGICAL ADJUSTMENT; MENTAL-HEALTH; DEATH ANXIETY; IMPACT; BOSNIA; HERZEGOVINA; SITUATION; INVASION AB A year into the 2003 US-Iraq war, how were adolescents in Baghdad faring? Conflict-related events typically lower psychological well-being; in contrast, investment in and protection of threatened identities should lead to self-esteem striving and, presumably, better well-being. How threatened do Iraqi adolescents feel? Is their self-esteem related to their sense of threat? Do age, religion, ethnicity, and gender alter the link between perceived threat and self-esteem? We use data from 1000 randomly selected adolescents living in Baghdad during July 2004. Iraqi adolescents reported high levels of threat; those feeling more threatened reported higher levels of self-esteem. Social background correlates with both self-esteem and perceived threat, but controlling for social background does not eliminate the relationship between self-esteem and perceived threat. We interpret our results in light of theory and research concerning social identity, mortality threats, and war trauma. (C) 2007 The Association for Professionals in Services for Adolescents. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Carlton-Ford, Steve; Tabatabai, Ahoo] Univ Cincinnati, Dept Sociol, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. [Ender, Morten G.] US Mil Acad, Dept Behav Sci & Leadership, West Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Carlton-Ford, S (reprint author), Univ Cincinnati, Dept Sociol, Box 210378, Cincinnati, OH 45221 USA. EM carltosl@uc.edu NR 54 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 6 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0140-1971 J9 J ADOLESCENCE JI J. Adolesc. PD FEB PY 2008 VL 31 IS 1 BP 53 EP 75 DI 10.1016/j.adolescence.2007.04.006 PG 23 WC Psychology, Developmental SC Psychology GA 267ET UT WOS:000253493000004 PM 17675226 ER PT J AU Haymore, BR Mccoy, RL Nelson, MR AF Haymore, B. R. McCoy, R. L. Nelson, M. R. TI Fire ant immunotherapy prescribing patterns among practicing allergists 1990-May2007 SO JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 64th Annual Meeting of the American-Academy-of-Allergy-Asthma-and-Immunology CY MAR 14-18, 2008 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Acad Allergy, Asthma & Immunol C1 [Haymore, B. R.; McCoy, R. L.; Nelson, M. R.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0091-6749 J9 J ALLERGY CLIN IMMUN JI J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. PD FEB PY 2008 VL 121 IS 2 SU 1 MA 116 BP S30 EP S30 DI 10.1016/j.jaci.2007.12.123 PG 1 WC Allergy; Immunology SC Allergy; Immunology GA 266HZ UT WOS:000253426400117 ER PT J AU Nelson, MR Petersen, MM Engler, RJM Haymore, BR AF Nelson, M. R. Petersen, M. M. Engler, R. J. M. Haymore, B. R. TI Standardized grass allergen extract prescribing practices in a large healthcare system SO JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 64th Annual Meeting of the American-Academy-of-Allergy-Asthma-and-Immunology CY MAR 14-18, 2008 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Acad Allergy, Asthma & Immunol C1 [Nelson, M. R.; Petersen, M. M.; Engler, R. J. M.; Haymore, B. R.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0091-6749 J9 J ALLERGY CLIN IMMUN JI J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. PD FEB PY 2008 VL 121 IS 2 SU 1 MA 486 BP S126 EP S126 DI 10.1016/j.jaci.2007.12.500 PG 1 WC Allergy; Immunology SC Allergy; Immunology GA 266HZ UT WOS:000253426400487 ER PT J AU Slingluff, MI Haymore, BR Foroughi, S Nelson, MR Mikita, CP AF Slingluff, M. I. Haymore, B. R. Foroughi, S. Nelson, M. R. Mikita, C. P. TI Introducing percutaneous and patch testing to foods in a clinical setting for patients with eosinophilic esophagitis: A case series SO JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 64th Annual Meeting of the American-Academy-of-Allergy-Asthma-and-Immunology CY MAR 14-18, 2008 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Acad Allergy, Asthma & Immunol C1 [Slingluff, M. I.; Haymore, B. R.; Foroughi, S.; Nelson, M. R.; Mikita, C. P.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0091-6749 J9 J ALLERGY CLIN IMMUN JI J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. PD FEB PY 2008 VL 121 IS 2 SU 1 MA 400 BP S104 EP S104 DI 10.1016/j.jaci.2007.12.413 PG 1 WC Allergy; Immunology SC Allergy; Immunology GA 266HZ UT WOS:000253426400402 ER PT J AU Soltis, CB Fileta, BB Wood, TI Mantaring, MM Nelson, MR AF Soltis, C. B. Fileta, B. B. Wood, T. I. Mantaring, M. M. Nelson, M. R. TI Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectroscopy (ms): A novel method of evaluating in vitro changes in Fel D1, domestic cat major antigen, over time SO JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 64th Annual Meeting of the American-Academy-of-Allergy-Asthma-and-Immunology CY MAR 14-18, 2008 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Acad Allergy, Asthma & Immunol C1 [Soltis, C. B.; Fileta, B. B.; Wood, T. I.; Mantaring, M. M.; Nelson, M. R.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0091-6749 J9 J ALLERGY CLIN IMMUN JI J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. PD FEB PY 2008 VL 121 IS 2 SU 1 MA 673 BP S176 EP S176 DI 10.1016/j.jaci.2007.12.647 PG 1 WC Allergy; Immunology SC Allergy; Immunology GA 266HZ UT WOS:000253426401137 ER PT J AU Turbyville, JC Nelson, M Mikita, C AF Turbyville, J. C. Nelson, M. Mikita, C. TI Discordance between conventional and acetone precipitated (AP) dog extract in skin prick testing SO JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 64th Annual Meeting of the American-Academy-of-Allergy-Asthma-and-Immunology CY MAR 14-18, 2008 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Acad Allergy, Asthma & Immunol C1 [Turbyville, J. C.; Nelson, M.; Mikita, C.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0091-6749 J9 J ALLERGY CLIN IMMUN JI J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. PD FEB PY 2008 VL 121 IS 2 SU 1 MA 225 BP S58 EP S58 DI 10.1016/j.jaci.2007.12.234 PG 1 WC Allergy; Immunology SC Allergy; Immunology GA 266HZ UT WOS:000253426400226 ER PT J AU Hammond, R AF Hammond, Richard TI Phase effects for the addition of many coherent sources SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article AB A phase quality, phi, is defined for the addition of N coherent, but out of phase sources. If the phases can be partially controlled to within the phase beta, it is shown that the peak output of the laser radiation is phi N(2), where for large N, phi=sinc(2)(beta)+(1/N)[1-sinc(2)(beta)]. (c) 2008 American Institute of Physics. C1 [Hammond, Richard] Univ N Carolina, Dept Phys, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. [Hammond, Richard] USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Hammond, R (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Dept Phys, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. EM rhammond@email.unc.edu NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD FEB 1 PY 2008 VL 103 IS 3 AR 036102 DI 10.1063/1.2838322 PG 2 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 263SZ UT WOS:000253238100095 ER PT J AU Keller, S Suh, CS Chen, Z Chu, R Rajan, S Fichtenbaum, NA Furukawa, M DenBaars, SP Speck, JS Mishra, UK AF Keller, S. Suh, C. S. Chen, Z. Chu, R. Rajan, S. Fichtenbaum, N. A. Furukawa, M. DenBaars, S. P. Speck, J. S. Mishra, U. K. TI Properties of N-polar AlGaN/GaN heterostructures and field effect transistors grown by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY; GAN; FACE; SAPPHIRE; DIRECTION; MOBILITY; IMPURITY AB Smooth N-polar GaN/Al(x)Ga(1-x)N/GaN heterostructures with a different Al mole fraction were grown by metalorganic chemical vapor deposition on (0001) sapphire substrates with a misorientation angle of 4 degrees toward the a-sapphire plane. The sheet electron density of the two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG), which formed at the upper GaN/Al(x)Ga(1-x)N interface increased with an increasing Al-mole fraction in the Al(x)Ga(1-x)N layer and increasing silicon modulation doping, similar to the observations for Ga-polar heterostructures. The transport properties of the 2DEG, however, were anisotropic. The growth on vicinal substrates led to the formation of well ordered multiatomic steps during Al(x)Ga(1-x)N growth and the sheet resistance of the 2DEG parallel to the steps was about 25% lower than the resistance measured in the perpendicular direction. The fabricated devices exhibited a drain-source current, I(DS), of 0.9 A/mm at a gate-source voltage +1 V. At a drain-source voltage of 10 V and I(DS)=300 mA/mm, current-gain and maximum oscillation frequencies of 15 and 38 GHz, respectively, were measured. C1 [Keller, S.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. Univ Calif Santa Barbara, USA, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Mat, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. RP Keller, S (reprint author), Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. EM stacia@ece.ucsb.edu RI Rajan, Siddharth/B-9042-2008; Chu, Rongming/C-3646-2009; Speck, James/H-5646-2011; Rajan, Siddharth/L-2028-2013 NR 19 TC 55 Z9 57 U1 3 U2 18 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD FEB 1 PY 2008 VL 103 IS 3 AR 033708 DI 10.1063/1.2838214 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 263SZ UT WOS:000253238100040 ER PT J AU Edwards, DG Mastin, CR Kenefick, RW AF Edwards, David G. Mastin, Corey R. Kenefick, Robert W. TI Wave reflection and central aortic pressure are increased in response to static and dynamic muscle contraction at comparable workloads SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE tension-time index; exercise pressor reflex; blood pressure ID GENERALIZED TRANSFER-FUNCTION; CORONARY-ARTERY DISEASE; PULSE PRESSURE; BLOOD-PRESSURE; HEMODYNAMIC-RESPONSES; ENERGY-COST; HEART-RATE; CARDIOVASCULAR-RESPONSE; AUGMENTATION INDEX; ISOMETRIC-EXERCISE AB We determined the effects of static and dynamic muscle contraction at equivalent workloads on central aortic pressure and wave reflection. At random, 14 healthy men and women (23 +/- 5 yr of age) performed a static handgrip forearm contraction [90 s at 30% of maximal voluntary contraction (MVC)], dynamic handgrip contractions (1 contraction/s for 180 s at 30% MVC), and a control trial. During static and dynamic trials, tension-time index was controlled by holding peak tension constant. Measurements of brachial artery blood pressure and the synthesis of a central aortic pressure waveform (by radial artery applanation tonometry and generalized transfer function) were conducted at baseline, during each trial, and during 1 min of postexercise ischemia (PEI). Aortic augmentation index (AI), an index of wave reflection, was calculated from the aortic pressure waveform. AI increased during both static and dynamic trials (static, 5.2 +/- 3.1 to 11.8 +/- 3.4%; dynamic, 5.8 +/- 3.0 to 13.3 +/- 3.4%; P < 0.05) and further increased during PEI (static, 18.5 +/- 3.1%; dynamic, 18.6 +/- 2.9%; P < 0.05). Peripheral and central systolic and diastolic pressures increased (P < 0.05) during both static and dynamic trials and remained elevated during PEI. AI and pressure responses did not differ between static and dynamic trials. Peripheral and central pressures increased similarly during static and dynamic contraction; however, the rise in central systolic pressure during both conditions was augmented by increased wave reflection. The present data suggest that wave reflection is an important determinant of the central blood pressure response during forearm muscle contractions. C1 [Edwards, David G.] Univ Delaware, Dept Hlth Nutr & Exercise Sci, Newark, DE 19716 USA. [Mastin, Corey R.] Univ New Hampshire, Dept Kinesiol, Durham, NH 03824 USA. [Kenefick, Robert W.] USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Thermal & Mt Med Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Edwards, DG (reprint author), Univ Delaware, Dept Hlth Nutr & Exercise Sci, 541 S Coll Ave,142 HPL, Newark, DE 19716 USA. EM dge@udel.edu NR 42 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 8750-7587 J9 J APPL PHYSIOL JI J. Appl. Physiol. PD FEB PY 2008 VL 104 IS 2 BP 439 EP 445 DI 10.1152/japplphysiol.00541.2007 PG 7 WC Physiology; Sport Sciences SC Physiology; Sport Sciences GA 260PO UT WOS:000253022500015 PM 18079263 ER PT J AU Rajaraman, S Gribok, AV Wesensten, NJ Balkin, TJ Reifman, J AF Rajaraman, Srinivasan Gribok, Andrei V. Wesensten, Nancy J. Balkin, Thomas J. Reifman, Jaques TI Individualized performance prediction of sleep-deprived individuals with the two-process model SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE total sleep deprivation; individualized modeling; performance prediction; parameter estimation; regularization ID BIOMATHEMATICAL MODELS; COGNITIVE PERFORMANCE; ALERTNESS; FATIGUE; DEPRIVATION; HOMEOSTASIS; IMPAIRMENT; REDUCTION; ISSUES AB We present a new method for developing individualized biomathematical models that predict performance impairment for individuals restricted to total sleep loss. The underlying formulation is based on the two-process model of sleep regulation, which has been extensively used to develop group-average models. However, in the proposed method, the parameters of the two-process model are systematically adjusted to account for an individual's uncertain initial state and unknown trait characteristics, resulting in individual-specific performance prediction models. The method establishes the initial estimates of the model parameters using a set of past performance observations, after which the parameters are adjusted as each new observation becomes available. Moreover, by transforming the nonlinear optimization problem of finding the best estimates of the two-process model parameters into a set of linear optimization problems, the proposed method yields unique parameter estimates. Two distinct data sets are used to evaluate the proposed method. Results of simulated data ( with superimposed noise) show that the model parameters asymptotically converge to their true values and the model prediction accuracy improves as the number of performance observations increases and the amount of noise in the data decreases. Results of a laboratory study (82 h of total sleep loss), for three sleep-loss phenotypes, suggest that individualized models are consistently more accurate than group-average models, yielding as much as a threefold reduction in prediction errors. In addition, we show that the two-process model of sleep regulation is capable of representing performance data only when the proposed individualized model is used. C1 [Rajaraman, Srinivasan; Gribok, Andrei V.; Reifman, Jaques] US Army Med Res & Mat Command, Bioinformat Cell Telemed & Adv Technol Res Ctr, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. [Wesensten, Nancy J.; Balkin, Thomas J.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Behav Biol, Div Psychiat & Neurosci, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP Reifman, J (reprint author), US Army Med Res & Mat Command, Bioinformat Cell Telemed & Adv Technol Res Ctr, MCMR-ZB-T,363 Miller Dr, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM jaques.reifman@us.army.mil NR 41 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 8750-7587 J9 J APPL PHYSIOL JI J. Appl. Physiol. PD FEB PY 2008 VL 104 IS 2 BP 459 EP 468 DI 10.1152/japplphysiol.00877.2007 PG 10 WC Physiology; Sport Sciences SC Physiology; Sport Sciences GA 260PO UT WOS:000253022500018 PM 18079260 ER PT J AU Soller, BR Yang, Y Soyemi, OO Ryan, KL Rickards, CA Walz, JM Heard, SO Convertino, VA AF Soller, Babs R. Yang, Ye Soyemi, Olusola O. Ryan, Kathy L. Rickards, Caroline A. Walz, J. Matthias Heard, Stephen O. Convertino, Victor A. TI Noninvasively determined muscle oxygen saturation is an early indicator of central hypovolemia in humans SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE tissue oxygen; near infrared spectroscopy; physiological monitoring; hemodynamic instability; lower body negative pressure ID NEAR-INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY; BODY NEGATIVE-PRESSURE; HEMORRHAGIC-SHOCK; BLOOD-PRESSURE; STROKE VOLUME; IN-VIVO; RESUSCITATION RESEARCH; SKELETAL-MUSCLE; CARDIAC-OUTPUT; TISSUE PH AB Ten healthy human volunteers were subjected to progressive lower body negative pressure (LBNP) to the onset of cardiovascular collapse to compare the response of noninvasively determined skin and fat corrected deep muscle oxygen saturation (SmO2) and pH to standard hemodynamic parameters for early detection of imminent hemodynamic instability. Muscle SmO2 and pH were determined with a novel near infrared spectroscopic (NIRS) technique. Heart rate (HR) was measured continuously via ECG, and arterial blood pressure (BP) and stroke volume (SV) were obtained noninvasively via Finometer and impedance cardiography on a beat-to-beat basis. SmO2 and SV were significantly decreased during the first LBNP level (-15 mmHg), whereas HR and BP were late indicators of impending cardiovascular collapse. SmO2 declined in parallel with SV and inversely with total peripheral resistance, suggesting, in this model, that SmO2 is an early indicator of a reduction in oxygen delivery through vasoconstriction. Muscle pH decreased later, suggesting an imbalance between delivery and demand. Spectroscopic determination of SmO2 is noninvasive and continuous, providing an early indication of impending cardiovascular collapse resulting from progressive reduction in central blood volume. C1 [Soller, Babs R.; Yang, Ye; Soyemi, Olusola O.; Walz, J. Matthias; Heard, Stephen O.] Univ Massachusetts, Sch Med, Dept Anesthesiol, Worcester, MA 01655 USA. [Ryan, Kathy L.; Rickards, Caroline A.; Convertino, Victor A.] USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Soller, BR (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Sch Med, Dept Anesthesiol, 55 Lake Ave N, Worcester, MA 01655 USA. EM babs.soller@umassmed.edu NR 37 TC 34 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 8750-7587 J9 J APPL PHYSIOL JI J. Appl. Physiol. PD FEB PY 2008 VL 104 IS 2 BP 475 EP 481 DI 10.1152/japplphysiol.00600.2007 PG 7 WC Physiology; Sport Sciences SC Physiology; Sport Sciences GA 260PO UT WOS:000253022500020 PM 18006869 ER PT J AU Martinka, M Jaime-Vasquez, M Stoltz, AJ Almeida, LA Benson, JD Varesi, JB Markunas, JK AF Martinka, Michael Jaime-Vasquez, Marvin Stoltz, Andrew J. Almeida, Leo A. Benson, James D. Varesi, John B. Markunas, J. K. TI Helium-plasma-prepared (111)A HgCdTe and (211)B InSb SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE helium plasma; (111)A HgCdTe; (211)B InSb; MBE CdTe; XPS; Auger electron spectroscopy; ISS; X-ray ID MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY; SURFACE; CDTE; FILMS; DESORPTION; GROWTH; LAYERS AB Brief low-energy helium plasma exposure of mercury cadmium telluride and indium antimonide results in oxide- and elemental-component-free, nearly stoichiometric surfaces. In these initial experiments, the only remaining residue is a topmost trace layer of carbon similar to that present on wet etched and reduced surfaces. The nature of these surfaces was determined by in situ Auger electron spectroscopy, monochromatic X-ray photoelectron, and ion scattering spectroscopy, and compared with established wet chemical and hydrogen argon plasma preparations. C1 [Martinka, Michael; Jaime-Vasquez, Marvin; Stoltz, Andrew J.; Almeida, Leo A.; Benson, James D.; Varesi, John B.; Markunas, J. K.] Commun Elect Res Dev & Engn Ctr, US Army Res Dev & Engn Command, Night Vis & Elect Sensors Directorate, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. RP Martinka, M (reprint author), Commun Elect Res Dev & Engn Ctr, US Army Res Dev & Engn Command, Night Vis & Elect Sensors Directorate, 10221 Burbeck Rd, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. EM michael.martinka@nvl.army.mil NR 25 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0361-5235 J9 J ELECTRON MATER JI J. Electron. Mater. PD FEB PY 2008 VL 37 IS 2 BP 152 EP 156 DI 10.1007/s11664-007-0309-z PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA 241GD UT WOS:000251644000003 ER PT J AU Olson, DG Roberts, S Joyce, AP Collins, DE McPberson, JC AF Olson, David G. Roberts, Steven Joyce, Antbony P. Collins, D. Edward McPberson, James C., III TI Unevenness of the apical constriction in human maxillary central incisors SO JOURNAL OF ENDODONTICS LA English DT Article DE apical constriction; apical foramen; root apex; skew; uneven ID ROOT; FORAMEN; APEX; INSTRUMENTATION; MORPHOLOGY; CANALS AB This study examined the incisoapical extent of the apical constriction in 45 human maxillary central incisors. The null hypothesis was that the apical constriction is a flat ring. Our working hypothesis was that the constriction is actually uneven or "skewed" as it traces a path around the circumference of the canal. Teeth were split and imaged with 25X magnification, and the most apical and coronal limits of the apical constriction were identified and measured. Analysis of the data indicates that a majority (>70%) of maxillary central incisors exhibit an unevenness or "skew" of the apical constriction of greater than 100 Am in the incisoapical dimension, with a maximum measured skew of 385 Am. On the basis of the results of this study, a statistically significant (P < .05) variation in the longitudinal position of the apical constriction around its circumference was confirmed in maxillary central incisors. C1 [Olson, David G.; Joyce, Antbony P.] USA, DENTAC, Tingay Dent Clin, Endodont Residency Program, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. [Roberts, Steven] Med Coll Georgia, Dept Endodont, Augusta, GA 30912 USA. [Collins, D. Edward] Med Univ S Carolina, Coll Dent Med, Dept Restorat Dent, Charleston, SC 29425 USA. [McPberson, James C., III] USA, Dept Clin Invest, Ft Gordon, GA USA. RP Olson, DG (reprint author), USA, DENTAC, Tingay Dent Clin, Endodont Residency Program, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. EM david.olson10@us.army.mil NR 19 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0099-2399 J9 J ENDODONT JI J. Endod. PD FEB PY 2008 VL 34 IS 2 BP 157 EP 159 DI 10.1016/j.joen.2007.11.016 PG 3 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA 259PP UT WOS:000252951500008 PM 18215672 ER PT J AU Heitman, EP Joyce, AP McPherson, JC Roberts, S Chuang, A AF Heitman, Erich P. Joyce, Anthony P. McPherson, James C., III Roberts, Steven Chuang, Augustine TI An in vitro evaluation of the growth of human periodontal ligament fibroblasts after exposure to a methacrylate-based endodontic sealer SO JOURNAL OF ENDODONTICS LA English DT Article DE cytotoxicity; Epiphany; root canal sealer ID ROOT-CANAL SEALERS; HUMAN GINGIVAL FIBROBLASTS; FILLING MATERIAL; PHYSICAL-PROPERTIES; DENTINAL TUBULES; CYTOTOXICITY; CELLS AB The cytotoxicity of Epiphany root canal sealer at various concentrations from 25-800 mu g/mL on human periodontal ligament (HPDL) fibroblasts was evaluated at 1, 3, and 7 days. Controls included untreated cells and cells treated with the vehicle for Epiphany suspension. Fibroblast viability was assessed by 2 methods, crystal violet staining in 24-well plates and the fluorescence-based CyQUANT Cell Proliferation Assay in 96-well plates. Significant cytotoxicity against HPDL fibroblast growth by Epiphany was both time- and concentration-dependent. On day 1,800 mu g/mL, the highest concentration of Epiphany, showed significant cytotoxicity (P <= .001). By day 7, all concentrations greater than 25 mu g/mL showed significant (P <= .05) loss of viability. This study demonstrated increased Epiphany cytotoxicity with an increase in concentration or exposure time. C1 [Heitman, Erich P.; Joyce, Anthony P.] USA, DENTAC, Tingay Dent Clin, Endodont Residency Program, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. [Roberts, Steven] Med Coll Georgia, Dept Endodont, Augusta, GA 30912 USA. [McPherson, James C., III; Chuang, Augustine] USA, Dept Clin Invest, Ft Gordon, GA USA. RP Heitman, EP (reprint author), USA, DENTAC, Tingay Dent Clin, Endodont Residency Program, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. EM erich.heitman@us.army.mil NR 28 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0099-2399 J9 J ENDODONT JI J. Endod. PD FEB PY 2008 VL 34 IS 2 BP 186 EP 189 DI 10.1016/j.joen.2007.10.018 PG 4 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA 259PP UT WOS:000252951500014 PM 18215678 ER PT J AU Seifu, D Hijji, Y Hirsch, G Karna, SP AF Seifu, Dereje Hijji, Yousef Hirsch, Gary Karna, Shashi P. TI Chemical method of filling carbon nanotubes with magnetic material SO JOURNAL OF MAGNETISM AND MAGNETIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE filled nanotube; chitosan; nanomagnet; mossbauer of iron nanoparticle ID SM2FE17NX; FILMS; CAPILLARITY AB A versatile chemical method is used to fill multi-wall carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) with magnetic material. The process appears to open up tips of 100% of MWCNTs that are observed but the filling yield is rather low. The filling yield improved greatly by introducing metal chelating polymer, chitosan, in the nanotubes. Mossbauer measurements of the filled MWCNTs suggest the presence of magnetic and non-magnetic phases of Fe nanoparticles. The hyperfine magnetic field of the magnetic phase increased from its room temperature value of 182-251 kOe at 20 K. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Seifu, Dereje] Morgan State Univ, Dept Phys, Baltimore, MD 21251 USA. [Hijji, Yousef] Morgan State Univ, Dept Chem, Baltimore, MD 21251 USA. [Hirsch, Gary; Karna, Shashi P.] Weapons & Mat Res Directorate, Army Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Seifu, D (reprint author), Morgan State Univ, Dept Phys, Baltimore, MD 21251 USA. EM dseifu@jewel.morgan.edu NR 22 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-8853 J9 J MAGN MAGN MATER JI J. Magn. Magn. Mater. PD FEB PY 2008 VL 320 IS 3-4 BP 312 EP 315 DI 10.1016/j.jmmm.2007.06.015 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA 239WN UT WOS:000251549100039 ER PT J AU Qiu, X Graeter, J Kecskes, L Wang, J AF Qiu, X. Graeter, J. Kecskes, L. Wang, J. TI Exothermic reactions in cold-rolled Ni/Al reactive multilayer foils SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID PHASE-FORMATION; THIN-FILMS; NUCLEATION; HEAT AB Exothermic reactions in cold-rolled Ni/AI reactive multilayer foils were investigated in this study. A two-stage reaction process was observed in the self-propagating reactions in the cold-rolled foils that were ignited by a point-source flame. Foils taken out of the flame after completing the first stage of the reaction process were compared to those allowed to complete both stages. Differences in the phase-evolution sequence from the two types of foils were studied by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), using slow and controlled heating of the samples. Several exothermic peaks could be identified from the DSC thermograms for both types of foils. Using the DSC, both the as-cold-rolled and partially reacted foils were heated to each peak temperature to identify the reaction product associated with each peak. X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy analyses showed that the first two peaks corresponded to the formation of Al3Ni, while the third peak corresponded to the formation of AlNi. C1 [Wang, J.] Tsinghua Univ, Dept Phys, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. [Wang, J.] Tsinghua Univ, Tsinghua Foxcoon Nanotechnol Res Ctr, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. [Qiu, X.; Graeter, J.] Louisiana State Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. [Kecskes, L.] USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Wang, J (reprint author), Tsinghua Univ, Dept Phys, Beijing 100084, Peoples R China. EM jpwang@tsinghua.edu.cn RI Qiu, Xiaotun/B-1926-2012; Kecskes, Laszlo/F-6880-2014; Wang, Jiaping/K-7499-2012 OI Kecskes, Laszlo/0000-0002-1342-3729; NR 22 TC 17 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 11 PU MATERIALS RESEARCH SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 506 KEYSTONE DR, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 0884-2914 J9 J MATER RES JI J. Mater. Res. PD FEB PY 2008 VL 23 IS 2 BP 367 EP 375 DI 10.1557/JMR.2008.0043 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 260LC UT WOS:000253010800011 ER PT J AU Godfrey, TA AF Godfrey, Thomas A. TI Strain effects on percolation conduction in conductive particle filled composites SO JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID COMPUTER AB The effect of uniaxial and multiaxial mechanical strain on the electrical conductivity of particle filled polymer composites is investigated in the framework of concentration-driven percolation. For composites consisting of low aspect ratio, rigid conductive particles in a compliant polymer matrix, a simple argument leads to the conclusion that the effective volume fraction of conductive particles (the ratio of total particle volume to the total volume of the deformed composite) plays a dominant role, with conductivity remaining isotropic despite the directional bias of the strain state. As such, conductivity is expected to exhibit classical power, law-dependence on concentration, which in this case takes the form of a strain-dependent effective volume fraction. Consideration of deformation effects on particle agglomerates suggest, however, that particle-to-particle network connections are likely to be affected most significantly along directions experiencing the most severe strains, introducing a directional bias in network connectivity at a higher length scale. To assess the importance of this possible directional bias, random resistor network models are used to study the conductivity of uniaxially strained composites. For conservative assumptions on the severity of the bias in bond probabilities, network conductivities exhibit approximately isotropic, concentration-driven behavior for moderate strains, supporting the predictive utility of the simple percolation conduction-effective volume fraction approach. Further corroboration is provided by experiments in the literature on silicone-graphite composites subjected to uniaxial compressive strain, where good agreement is obtained through moderate strains for the theoretically correct value of the conduction exponent in concentration-driven percolation. C1 USA, Natick Soldier Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Godfrey, TA (reprint author), USA, Natick Soldier Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Natick, MA 01760 USA. EM Thomas.Godfrey@us.army.mil NR 8 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0022-2461 J9 J MATER SCI JI J. Mater. Sci. PD FEB PY 2008 VL 43 IS 3 BP 1128 EP 1134 DI 10.1007/s10853-007-2117-5 PG 7 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 249TT UT WOS:000252253400047 ER PT J AU Pando, MA De Salvo, C Bautista, CT Eyzaguirre, L Carrion, G Feola, M Lado, I Hoffman, M Biglione, MM Carr, JK Montano, SM Sanchez, JL Weissenbacher, M Avila, MM AF Pando, Maria A. De Salvo, Cristina Bautista, Christian T. Eyzaguirre, Lindsay Carrion, Gladys Feola, Miguel Lado, Isabel Hoffman, Marta Biglione, Mirna M. Carr, Jean K. Montano, Silvia M. Sanchez, Jose L. Weissenbacher, Mercedes Avila, Maria M. TI Human immunodeficiency virus and tuberculosis in Argentina: prevalence, genotypes and risk factors SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SEXUALLY-TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS; BUENOS-AIRES; DRUG-USERS; BF RECOMBINANTS; HIV-1; TYPE-1; SEROPREVALENCE; BLOODBORNE; MEN; SEX AB The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence and genetic variability of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and other sexually transmitted infections (STIs) among 205 patients with clinical diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) in Buenos Aires in 2001. Infections with hepatitis B virus (HBV), HIV-1, hepatitis C virus (HCV), Treponema pallidum and human T-cell lymphotropic virus types I/II were diagnosed in 37/187 (19.8%), 35/205 (17.1%), 22/187 (11.8%), 13/187 (7.0%) and 4/181 (2.2%) patients, respectively. Almost one in three participants (33.1%) presented at least one infection in addition to TB. Multiresistance to TB drugs (isoniazid plus rifampicin) was detected in the isolates recovered from three patients. Injecting drug use was detected as the main risk factor for HIV, HBV and HCV infections. Of ten patients who died, eight were infected with HIV. HIV genetic characterization showed the presence of two different subtypes. Env subtype IF was found in 13/24 samples (54.2%) and subtype B in 11/24 samples (45.8%) by heteroduplex mobility assay. Sequencing of the protease/RT region was performed in ten samples: three were characterized as subtype B and seven as B/F recombinants by bootscanning analysis. Phylogenetic analysis of four full-length sequences showed that three were the circulating recombinant form CRF12_BF. The results of this study suggest an urgent need to detect HIV infection in high-risk groups to prevent future HIV transmission as well as morbidity and mortality associated with TB by providing highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) and/or TB treatment. Collaboration between TB and HIV programmes seems to be the best approach to decrease the incidence of these diseases, especially in high-prevalence HIV settings. C1 [Pando, Maria A.; Biglione, Mirna M.; Weissenbacher, Mercedes; Avila, Maria M.] Univ Buenos Aires, Fac Med, Ctr Nacl Referencia SIDA, Dept Microbiol Parasitol & Inmunol, RA-1121 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [De Salvo, Cristina] Hosp Gen Agudos Dr Enrique Tornu, Div Neumotisiol, RA-1406 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Bautista, Christian T.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, US Mil HIV Res Program, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. [Eyzaguirre, Lindsay; Carr, Jean K.] Univ Maryland, Maryland Biotechnol Inst, Inst Human Virol, Dept Epidemiol, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [Carrion, Gladys; Montano, Silvia M.] US Naval Med Res Ctr Detachment, Lima, Peru. [Feola, Miguel] Hosp Gen Agudos Carlos C Durand, RA-1405 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Lado, Isabel] Hosp Gen Bernardino Rivadavia, Serv Med Prevent, RA-1425 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Hoffman, Marta] Hosp Gen Agudos Dr Enrique Tornu, Microbiol Unit, RA-1406 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Biglione, Mirna M.; Weissenbacher, Mercedes; Avila, Maria M.] Consejo Nacl Invest Cient & Tecn, RA-1033 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. [Sanchez, Jose L.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, DDGEIS, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. [Sanchez, Jose L.] Henry M Jackson Fdn Adv Mil Med Inc, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. RP Pando, MA (reprint author), Univ Buenos Aires, Fac Med, Ctr Nacl Referencia SIDA, Dept Microbiol Parasitol & Inmunol, Paraguay 2155,Piso 11, RA-1121 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. EM mpando@fmed.uba.ar RI Bautista, Christian/B-2812-2011 NR 23 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY PI READING PA MARLBOROUGH HOUSE, BASINGSTOKE RD, SPENCERS WOODS, READING RG7 1AG, BERKS, ENGLAND SN 0022-2615 J9 J MED MICROBIOL JI J. Med. Microbiol. PD FEB PY 2008 VL 57 IS 2 BP 190 EP 197 DI 10.1099/jmm.0.47492-0 PG 8 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 263LT UT WOS:000253219300009 PM 18201985 ER PT J AU Morgan, B Ghodssi, R AF Morgan, Brian Ghodssi, Reza TI Vertically-shaped tunable MEMS resonators SO JOURNAL OF MICROELECTROMECHANICAL SYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE comb-drive actuators; electrostatic devices; gray-scale technology; microelectromechanical devices; microresonators; resonators; tuning ID MICROMECHANICAL RESONATORS AB We report the development of tunable comb-resonators that use vertically-shaped comb-fingers as electrostatic springs. By restricting our design modifications to the vertical dimension, the tunability is achieved without increasing the device footprint. Three-dimensional finite element analysis was used to evaluate the effects of geometry and design on electrostatic spring strength and linearity. All structural components were fabricated using gray-scale technology, simultaneously defining all vertical levels using a single lithography and dry-etching step. Subsequent testing achieved bidirectional resonant frequency tuning (> 17%) through the creation of electrostatic spring constants as high as 1.06 N/m (at 70 V) and 1.45 N/m (at 120 V). While the current resonant devices show evidence of nonlinear stiffness coefficients at large oscillation amplitudes (> 10 mu m), multiple design options are introduced and simulated as potential solutions. C1 [Morgan, Brian] US Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. [Ghodssi, Reza] Univ Maryland, Inst Syst Res, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, MEMS Sensors & Actual Lab, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Morgan, B (reprint author), US Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM brian.morgan6@arl.army.mil; ghodssi@uind.edu NR 20 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 9 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 1057-7157 J9 J MICROELECTROMECH S JI J. Microelectromech. Syst. PD FEB PY 2008 VL 17 IS 1 BP 85 EP 92 DI 10.1109/JMEMS.2007.910251 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 264BG UT WOS:000253259600010 ER PT J AU George, SZ Fritz, JM Childs, JD AF George, Steven Z. Fritz, Julie M. Childs, John D. TI Investigation of elevated fear-avoidance beliefs for patients with low back pain: A secondary analysis involving patients enrolled in physical therapy clinical trials SO JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC & SPORTS PHYSICAL THERAPY LA English DT Article DE disability; FABQ; Oswestry; prognosis ID QUESTIONNAIRE FABQ; PREDICTION RULE; DISABILITY QUESTIONNAIRE; WORKERS-COMPENSATION; MOVEMENT (RE)INJURY; SPINAL MANIPULATION; SCIENTIFIC EVIDENCE; VALIDATION; RESPONSIVENESS; PARTICIPATION AB STUDY DESIGN: Secondary analysis. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the Fear-Avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire (FABQ) for its ability to predict 6-month outcomes in patients with low back pain (LBP) participating in physical therapy clinical trials. BACKGROUND: Consistent evidence suggests that fear-avoidance beliefs are predictive of short-term outcomes for patients with LBP. However, proposed cut-off scores have not been widely investigated for longer-term outcomes in samples of patients receiving physical therapy. METHODS AND MEASURES: Subjects (n = 160) were participants in 2 separate randomized trials that used standard methodology and investigated the efficacy of physical therapy interventions for LBR Subjects completed baseline measures of pain, disability, fear-avoidance beliefs, and physical impairment. They completed 4 weeks of randomly assigned physical therapy and were reassessed at 6 months with standard examination techniques. The accuracy of previously proposed cut-offs for elevated FABQ scores were determined by independent t tests and chi-square analysis on raw 6-month Oswestry Disability Questionnaire (ODQ) scores, 6-month ODQ change scores, and minimally clinical important difference (MCID) in ODQ scores (6 points). Next, a hierarchical regression model determined which FABQ scale better predicted 6-month ODQ scores after controlling for previously reported prognostic factors and relevant treatment parameters. Last, receiver operating characteristic curve analyses were planned to generate a range of FABQ cut-off scores that predicted 6-month MCID in the ODQ. RESULTS: The previously reported cut-off score for the FABQ physical activity scale (>14) resulted in Ill (69.4%) of 160 patients being classified as having elevated baseline scores, while the previously reported cut-off score for the FABQ work scale (>29) resulted in 19 (11.9%) of 160 patients being classified as having elevated baseline scores. Patients with elevated FABQ physical activity scale scores (>14) had no significant differences in 6-month ODQ outcomes. Patients with elevated FABQ work scale scores (>29) reported higher 6-month ODQ scores, but were not more likely to have differences in improvement in ODQ outcomes. The final regression model explained 24.4% of the variance in 6-month ODQ scores, with only manipulation and exercise and the FABQ work scale as unique predictors. Fifteen of the subjects (12.7%) had a 6-month change in ODQ that indicated no improvement. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve for the FABQ physical activity scale predicting this outcome was 0.562 (95% Cl: 0.415-0.710) and for the FABQ work scale was 0.694 (95% Cl: 0.542-0.846). Cut-off scores were explored for the FABQ work scale only, with positive likelihood ratios that ranged from 1.19 to 5.15 and negative likelihood ratios that ranged from 0.30 to 0.83. CONCLUSIONS: The FABQ work scale was the better predictor of self-report of disability in this sample of patients participating in physical therapy clinical trials. Future studies are necessary to further test and refine the FABQ work scale as a screening tool alone, and in combination with other examination findings. C1 [George, Steven Z.] Univ Florida, Brooks Ctr Rehabil Studies, Dept Phys Therapy, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Fritz, Julie M.] Univ Utah, Div Phys Therapy, Salt Lake City, UT USA. [Fritz, Julie M.] Intermt Healthcare, Salt Lake City, UT USA. [Childs, John D.] Baylor Univ, USA, Doctoral Program Phys Therapy, Ft Sam Houston, TX USA. RP George, SZ (reprint author), Univ Florida, Brooks Ctr Rehabil Studies, Dept Phys Therapy, POB 100154, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM szgeorge@phhp.ufl.edu FU NIAMS NIH HHS [R03 AR051128-01A2, R-03 AR051128-01, R03 AR051128] NR 45 TC 47 Z9 49 U1 0 U2 11 PU J O S P T, PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1111 NORTH FAIRFAX ST, STE 100, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-1436 USA SN 0190-6011 J9 J ORTHOP SPORT PHYS JI J. Orthop. Sports Phys. Ther. PD FEB PY 2008 VL 38 IS 2 BP 50 EP 58 DI 10.2519/jospt.2008.2647 PG 9 WC Orthopedics; Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences SC Orthopedics; Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences GA 263GW UT WOS:000253206600004 PM 18349490 ER PT J AU Ponsky, TA Lukish, JR AF Ponsky, Todd A. Lukish, Jeff R. TI Single site laparoscopic gastrostomy with a 4-mm bronchoscopic optical grasper SO JOURNAL OF PEDIATRIC SURGERY LA English DT Article DE laparoscopy; PEG; gastrostomy; single-port access ID PERCUTANEOUS ENDOSCOPIC GASTROSTOMY; COLOCUTANEOUS FISTULA; COMPLICATIONS; LAPAROTOMY; PLACEMENT; TUBE AB Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) is a common technique for gastrostomy placement. However, certain children may not be candidates for PEG, such as those with craniofacial or foregut anomalies and prior surgery. Laparoscopic gastrostomy has also gained popularity, but this requires 2 or 3 trocar sites. The use of a larger single operating laparoscope or multiple-port laparoscopic techniques may not be practical in small children and infants. We describe a simple technique for gastrostomy tube placement in infants using a 4-mm operative bronchoscope. A 1.4-kg infant with a cleft palate and hypotonia underwent general anesthesia. A 5-mm laparoscopic port was placed in the left upper quadrant at the site of the intended gastrostomy. Following pneumoperitoneum, a 4-mm bronchoscopic optical grasper was inserted into the abdomen via the single port. The stomach was grasped and pulled out through the port site. The extracorporeal portion of stomach was matured as a gastrostomy. A low-profile gastrostomy button was placed. Proper position of the gastrostomy device was verified intraoperatively using dye. At 2 months follow-up, the child and gastrostomy are without complication. This technique is minimally invasive and provides direct visualization through one 5-mm abdominal port without the requirement of endoscopy and blind percutaneous entrance into the abdominal cavity. This single-site laparoscopic gastrostomy may be a practical alternative for infants who may not be candidates for PEG or larger single-port operating systems. (C) 2008 Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Pediat Surg, Natl Naval Med Ctr, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA. George Washington Univ, Dept Pediat Surg, Childrens Natl Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20010 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Pediat Surg, Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Pediat Surg, Rainbow & Babies Childrens Hosp, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. RP Lukish, JR (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Surg, Natl Naval Med Ctr, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA. EM jrlukish@bethesda.med.navy.mil RI Ponsky, Todd/J-1214-2014 OI Ponsky, Todd/0000-0001-7195-1493 NR 14 TC 21 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 1 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 1600 JOHN F KENNEDY BOULEVARD, STE 1800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103-2899 USA SN 0022-3468 J9 J PEDIATR SURG JI J. Pediatr. Surg. PD FEB PY 2008 VL 43 IS 2 BP 412 EP 414 DI 10.1016/j.jpedsurg.2007.11.009 PG 3 WC Pediatrics; Surgery SC Pediatrics; Surgery GA 286CZ UT WOS:000254824500034 PM 18280304 ER PT J AU Killgore, WDS Killgore, DB McBride, SA Kamimori, GH Balkin, TJ AF Killgore, William D. S. Killgore, Desiree B. McBride, Sharon A. Kamimori, Gary H. Balkin, Thomas J. TI Odor identification ability predicts changes in symptoms of psychopathology following 56 h of sleep deprivation SO JOURNAL OF SENSORY STUDIES LA English DT Article ID PSYCHOMOTOR VIGILANCE PERFORMANCE; OLFACTORY DYSFUNCTION; COGNITIVE PERFORMANCE; ORBITOFRONTAL CORTEX; INDIVIDUAL-DIFFERENCES; CONTINUOUS WAKEFULNESS; VOLUNTARY SUPPRESSION; EMOTIONAL RESPONSES; DECISION-MAKING; TEMPORAL-LOBE AB A person's ability to identify odors provides an index of the functional integrity of the brain's prefrontal cortex. Some evidence suggests that the functional activity of the prefrontal cortex, when well rested, may predict individual differences in the ability to sustain performance when subsequently sleep deprived. It was hypothesized that odor identification accuracy, when rested would predict the vulnerability to sleep deprivation-mediated elevations of affective symptoms of psychopathology, as measured on the Personality Assessment Inventory (PAI). Twenty-two healthy volunteers completed the University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test (SIT) and the PAI when rested. After 56 h of continuous wakefulness, participants were readministered the PAI. Poorer odor identification at baseline correlated with increased symptoms of depression and borderline negative relationships. In contrast, higher SIT scores correlated with increased manic irritability. Results suggest that better olfactory identification in the well-rested state (a putative index of orbitofrontal cortex integrity) predicts affective stability during subsequent sleep deprivation.. C1 [Killgore, William D. S.; Killgore, Desiree B.; McBride, Sharon A.; Kamimori, Gary H.; Balkin, Thomas J.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Psychiat, Dept Behav Biol, Washington, DC USA. [Killgore, William D. S.; Killgore, Desiree B.; McBride, Sharon A.; Kamimori, Gary H.; Balkin, Thomas J.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Neurosci, Dept Behav Biol, Washington, DC USA. RP Killgore, WDS (reprint author), Harvard Univ, McLean Hosp, Sch Med, Neuroimaging Ctr, 115 Mill St, Belmont, MA 02478 USA. EM killgore@mclean.harvard.edu OI Killgore, William/0000-0002-5328-0208 NR 63 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 6 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0887-8250 J9 J SENS STUD JI J. Sens. Stud. PD FEB PY 2008 VL 23 IS 1 BP 35 EP 51 DI 10.1111/j.1745-459X.2007.00139.x PG 17 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 258WG UT WOS:000252899900004 ER PT J AU Bolgla, LA Shaffer, SW Malone, TR AF Bolgla, Lori A. Shaffer, Scott W. Malone, Terry R. TI Vastus medialis activation during knee extension exercises: Evidence for exercise prescription SO JOURNAL OF SPORT REHABILITATION LA English DT Article ID PATELLOFEMORAL-PAIN SYNDROME; ELECTROMYOGRAPHIC ANALYSIS; REHABILITATION EXERCISES; ISOMETRIC EXERCISES; HEALTHY-SUBJECTS; EMG ACTIVITY; RECRUITMENT; OBLIQUE; MUSCLES; SQUAT AB Context: Knee extension exercise is an important part of knee rehabilitation. Clinicians prescribe non-weight bearing exercise initially and progress patients to weight bearing exercise once they can perform a straight leg raise (SLR). Objective: Compare VM activation during a SLR and weight bearing exercises. Design: One-way repeated measures design. Setting: University Laboratory. Subjects: Fifteen healthy subjects. Intervention: One SLR exercise and 6 weight-bearing knee extension exercises. Main Outcome Measures: Electromyographic amplitudes for the VM expressed as a percent maximum voluntary isometric contraction. Results: The SLR had greater activation than the single leg stance and bilateral squat exercises. The step-up and unilateral leg press exercises had the greatest activation. Conclusions: SLR performance can be an important indicator for exercise progression. These results provide foundational knowledge to assist clinicians with exercise prescription. C1 [Bolgla, Lori A.] Med Coll Georgia, Dept Phys Therapy, Augusta, GA 30912 USA. [Shaffer, Scott W.] Baylor Univ, USA, Ft Sam Houston, TX USA. [Malone, Terry R.] Univ Kentucky, Lexington, KY USA. RP Bolgla, LA (reprint author), Med Coll Georgia, Dept Phys Therapy, Augusta, GA 30912 USA. EM LBolgla@mail.mcg.edu NR 27 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 3 PU HUMAN KINETICS PUBL INC PI CHAMPAIGN PA 1607 N MARKET ST, PO BOX 5076, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61820-2200 USA SN 1056-6716 J9 J SPORT REHABIL JI J. Sport Rehabil. PD FEB PY 2008 VL 17 IS 1 BP 1 EP 10 PG 10 WC Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences SC Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences GA 261SG UT WOS:000253099700001 PM 18270382 ER PT J AU Stojadinovic, A Nissan, A Shriver, CD Mittendorf, EA Akin, MD Dickerson, V Lenington, S Platt, LD Stavros, T Goldstein, SR Moskovitz, O Gallimidi, Z Fields, SI Yeshaya, A Allweis, TM Manassa, R Pappo, I Ginor, RX D'Agostino, RB Gur, D AF Stojadinovic, Alexander Nissan, Aviram Shriver, Craig D. Mittendorf, Elizabeth A. Akin, Mark D. Dickerson, Vivian Lenington, Sarah Platt, Lawrence D. Stavros, Thomas Goldstein, Steven R. Moskovitz, Orah Gallimidi, Zahava Fields, Scott I. Yeshaya, Arieh Allweis, Tanir M. Manassa, Raymond Pappo, Itzhak Ginor, Ron X. D'Agostino, Ralph B. Gur, David TI Electrical impedance scanning as a new breast cancer risk stratification tool for young women SO JOURNAL OF SURGICAL ONCOLOGY LA English DT Article DE screening; breast cancer; electrical impedance ID SCREENING MAMMOGRAPHY; PREDICTIVE-VALUE; FAMILY HISTORY; FOLLOW-UP; BENIGN; DISEASE; AGE; POPULATION; EPITHELIUM; CARCINOMA AB Background: Electrical impedance scanning (EIS) measures changes in breast tissue associated with breast cancer (Br-Ca) development. The T-Scan(tm2000 (ED is designed to use EIS to identify women ages 30-39 with elevated risk of breast cancer (i.e., T-Scan+ women). Aim: To estimate the relative probability of breast cancer in a T-Scan+ woman compared to a randomly selected young woman. Methods: A prospective, two-cohort trial was conducted in pre-menopausal women. The Specificity (S-p)-Cohort evaluated T-Scan specificity in 1,751 asymptomatic women ages 30-39. The Sensitivity)S-n)-Cohort evaluated T-Scan sensitivity in 390 women ages 45-30 scheduled for biopsy. Specificity, sensitivity, and conservative estimate of disease prevalence were used to calculate relative probability. Results: In the S-p-Cohort, 93 of 1,751 women were T-Scan+ (S-p = 94.7%; 95% CI: 93.7-95.7%). In the S-n-Cohort, 23 of 87 biopsy-proven cancers were T-Scan+ (S-n=26.4%; 95% CI: 17.4-35.4%). Given S-p=94.7%, S-n=26.4% and prevalence of 1.5 cancers/1,000 women (ages 30-39), the relative probability of a T-Scan+ woman having Br-Ca is 4.95: (95% CI: 3.16-7.14). Conclusion: EIS can identify a subset of young women with a relative probability of breast cancer almost five times greater than in the population of young women at-large. T-Scan+ women have a sufficiently high risk of Br-Ca to warrant further surveillance or imaging. C1 [Stojadinovic, Alexander] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Allweis, Tanir M.] Hadassah Univ Hosp, IL-91120 Jerusalem, Israel. [Shriver, Craig D.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Clin Breast Care Project, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Mittendorf, Elizabeth A.] Univ Texas MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Houston, TX USA. [Akin, Mark D.] Austin Area Obstet Gynecol & Fertil, Austin, TX USA. [Dickerson, Vivian] Univ Calif Irvine, Irvine, CA USA. [Dickerson, Vivian] Hoag Mem Hosp, Newport Beach, CA USA. [Lenington, Sarah] SGL Biomed Consulting LLC, Ringwood, NJ USA. [Platt, Lawrence D.] Univ Calif Los Angeles, David Geffen Sch Med, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Platt, Lawrence D.] Ctr Fetal Med & Womens Ultrasound, Los Angeles, CA USA. [Stavros, Thomas] Radiol Imaging Assoc, Denver, CO USA. [Goldstein, Steven R.] NYU, Sch Med, New York, NY USA. [Goldstein, Steven R.] New York Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, New York, NY USA. [Moskovitz, Orah] Bnei Zion Hosp, Haifa, Israel. [Gallimidi, Zahava] Rambam Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Haifa, Israel. [Yeshaya, Arieh] Danielly Clin, Givataiim, Israel. [Manassa, Raymond] Holy Family Hosp, Nazereth, Israel. [Pappo, Itzhak] Asaf HaRoieh Hosp, Dept Surg, Zerifin, Israel. [Ginor, Ron X.] Becker & Assoc, Washington, DC USA. [D'Agostino, Ralph B.] Encyclopedia Clin Trials Boston Univ, Boston, MA USA. [Gur, David] Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Pittsburgh, PA USA. [Gur, David] Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Radiol, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. [Gur, David] Magee Womens Hosp, Pittsburgh, PA USA. [Nissan, Aviram; Fields, Scott I.] Hadassah Hebrew Univ Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Jerusalem, Israel. [Fields, Scott I.] Hadassah Hebrew Univ Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Jerusalem, Israel. RP Stojadinovic, A (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, 6900 Georgia Ave,Suite 5C27A,N W, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM alexander.stojadinovic@na.amedd.army.mil NR 38 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 0 PU WILEY-LISS PI HOBOKEN PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0022-4790 J9 J SURG ONCOL JI J. Surg. Oncol. PD FEB 1 PY 2008 VL 97 IS 2 BP 112 EP 120 DI 10.1002/jso.20931 PG 9 WC Oncology; Surgery SC Oncology; Surgery GA 259VM UT WOS:000252969000006 PM 18050282 ER PT J AU Wu, C Ayers, PD Anderson, AB AF Wu, C. Ayers, P. D. Anderson, A. B. TI Quantifying the intensity of vehicle impacts using vehicle tracking devices during live training exercises SO JOURNAL OF TERRAMECHANICS LA English DT Article DE Global positioning system; GPS; Vehicle tracking; Vehicle impacts; Vegetation impact ID MILITARY MANEUVERS; VEGETATION; DISTURBANCE; PATTERNS; SOILS AB The operation of off-road vehicles during military training exercises can affect the environmental conditions of training lands by removing or disturbing vegetation. To quantify the impact of vehicle based military training, global positioning system (GPS)-based vehicle tracking systems were used to characterize the movement of vehicles during live training exercises. Methods were developed to spatially estimate the tracking intensity (number of vehicle passes per area) resulting from the training exercises. This method was then combined with previous developed methods that identified off-road trail formation and vehicle dynamic properties to quantify the overall training mission impacts of specific training events oil installation resources. This approach to characterizing training impacts results in mission impact profiles that more accurately quantify live training mission impacts. Search radius and output grid size are important parameters of the proposed traffic intensity approximation method. Traffic intensities estimated using a variety of search radii and grid sizes were compared. Results indicated that a 10 m search radius and a 10-by-10 m output grid size worked the best for the study dataset. Approximately, 89%, accuracy was found for traffic intensity (number of passes) estimation when using a 10 m search radius and a 10-by-10 m output grid size. (C) 2008 ISTVS. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Wu, C.; Ayers, P. D.] Univ Tennessee, Dept Biosyst Engn & Soil Sci, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. [Anderson, A. B.] USA, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, Construct Engn Res Lab, Champaign, IL 61821 USA. RP Ayers, PD (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Biosyst Engn & Soil Sci, 2506 EJ Chapman Dr, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM ayers@utk.edu NR 39 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-4898 J9 J TERRAMECHANICS JI J. Terramech. PD FEB-APR PY 2008 VL 45 IS 1-2 BP 1 EP 11 DI 10.1016/j.jterra.2008.07.004 PG 11 WC Engineering, Environmental SC Engineering GA 382DN UT WOS:000261585300001 ER PT J AU Doyle, D Firoz, B Williams, J Henning, J AF Doyle, David Firoz, Bahar Williams, James Henning, Jeffrey TI Status cosmeticus resulting in graft breakdown in large body surface area burns SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 66th Annual Meeting of the American-Academy-of-Dermatology CY FEB 01-05, 2008 CL San Antonio, TX SP Amer Acad Dermatol C1 [Doyle, David; Williams, James; Henning, Jeffrey] Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. [Firoz, Bahar] NYU, Sch Med, Dept Dermatol, New York, NY USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0190-9622 J9 J AM ACAD DERMATOL JI J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. PD FEB PY 2008 VL 58 IS 2 SU 2 BP AB145 EP AB145 PG 1 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 256AT UT WOS:000252700800577 ER PT J AU Henning, J Firoz, B Firoz, E AF Henning, Jeffrey Firoz, Bahar Firoz, Elnaz TI Contact dermatitis in large body surface area burns: The Brooke Army Department of Dermatology experience SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 66th Annual Meeting of the American-Academy-of-Dermatology CY FEB 01-05, 2008 CL San Antonio, TX SP Amer Acad Dermatol C1 [Henning, Jeffrey] Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX USA. [Firoz, Bahar] NYU, Sch Med, Dept Dermatol, New York, NY USA. [Firoz, Elnaz] Columbia Coll Phys & Surg, New York, NY USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0190-9622 J9 J AM ACAD DERMATOL JI J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. PD FEB PY 2008 VL 58 IS 2 SU 2 BP AB58 EP AB58 PG 1 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 256AT UT WOS:000252700800230 ER PT J AU Reese, D Rockers, K Gilson, R Henning, J AF Reese, Drew Rockers, Kyle Gilson, Robert Henning, Jeffrey TI Cyclosporine for Steven's-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 66th Annual Meeting of the American-Academy-of-Dermatology CY FEB 01-05, 2008 CL San Antonio, TX SP Amer Acad Dermatol C1 [Reese, Drew; Rockers, Kyle; Gilson, Robert; Henning, Jeffrey] Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0190-9622 J9 J AM ACAD DERMATOL JI J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. PD FEB PY 2008 VL 58 IS 2 SU 2 BP AB39 EP AB39 PG 1 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 256AT UT WOS:000252700800157 ER PT J AU Halbig, MC Mcguffin-Cawley, JD Eckel, AJ Brewer, DN AF Halbig, Michael C. Mcguffin-Cawley, James D. Eckel, Andrew J. Brewer, David N. TI Oxidation kinetics and stress effects for the oxidation of continuous carbon fibers within a microcracked C/SiC ceramic matrix composite SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY LA English DT Article ID SILICON-CARBIDE; THERMOSTRUCTURAL COMPOSITES; BEHAVIOR; PROTECTION; MECHANISMS; REACTIVITY; RESISTANCE; COATINGS; CREEP; C/C AB Carbon fiber-reinforced silicon carbide (C/SiC) composites have the potential to be utilized in many high-temperature structural applications, particularly in aerospace. However, the susceptibility of the carbon fibers to oxidation has hindered the composite's use in long-term reusable applications. In order to identify the composites limitations, fundamental oxidation studies were conducted to determine the effects of such variables as temperature, environment, and stress. The systematic studies first looked at the oxidation of the plain, uncoated carbon fiber, then when fiber was utilized within a C/SiC composite, and finally when a stress was applied to the C/SiC composite (stressed oxidation). The first study, oxidation of just the carbon fibers, showed that the fiber oxidation kinetics occurs in two primary regimes: chemical reaction control and diffusion control. The second study, oxidation of the C/SiC composite, showed the self-protecting effects from the SiC matrix at elevated temperatures when the composite was not stressed. The final study, stressed oxidation of the C/SiC composite, more closely simulated application conditions in which the material is expected to encounter thermal and mechanical stresses. The applied load and temperature will affect the openings of the as-fabricated cracks, which are an unavoidable characteristic of C/SiC composites. The main objective of the paper was to determine the oxidation kinetic regimes for the oxidation of carbon fibers in a cracked silicon carbide matrix under stressed and unstressed conditions. The studies help to provide insights in to the protective approaches, that could be used to prevent oxidation of the fibers within the composite. C1 [Brewer, David N.] US Army Res Lab, Vehicle Technol Directorate, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA. [Mcguffin-Cawley, James D.] Case Western Reserve Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. [Eckel, Andrew J.] NASA, Glenn Res Ctr, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA. RP Halbig, MC (reprint author), US Army Res Lab, Vehicle Technol Directorate, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA. EM Michael.C.Halbig@grc.nasa.gov NR 40 TC 29 Z9 32 U1 3 U2 30 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0002-7820 J9 J AM CERAM SOC JI J. Am. Ceram. Soc. PD FEB PY 2008 VL 91 IS 2 BP 519 EP 526 DI 10.1111/j.1551-2916.2007.02170.x PG 8 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA 259HJ UT WOS:000252930100027 ER PT J AU Vogler, TJ Clayton, JD AF Vogler, T. J. Clayton, J. D. TI Heterogeneous deformation and spall of an extruded tungsten alloy: plate impact experiments and crystal plasticity modeling SO JOURNAL OF THE MECHANICS AND PHYSICS OF SOLIDS LA English DT Article DE microstructures; crystal plasticity; plate impact; finite elements; probability and statistics ID POLYCRYSTALLINE BRITTLE MATERIALS; GRAIN LEVEL MODEL; DYNAMIC PLASTICITY; FAILURE INITIATION; CONSTITUTIVE MODEL; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; SHEAR BANDS; STRAIN-RATE; TRANSITION; BEHAVIOR AB The role of microstructure in the dynamic deformation and fracture of a dual phase, polycrystalline tungsten alloy under high-rate impact loading is investigated via experiments and modeling. The material studied consists of pure tungsten crystals embedded in a ductile binder alloy comprised of tungsten, nickel, and iron. The tungsten crystals are elongated in a preferred direction of extrusion during processing. Plate impact tests were conducted on samples oriented either perpendicular or parallel to the extrusion direction. Spatially resolved interferometric data from these tests were used to extract wave propagation behavior and spall strength dependent upon position in the sample microstructure. Finite element simulations of impact and spall in digitally reproduced microstructural geometries were conducted in parallel with the experiments. Finite deformation crystal plasticity theory describes the behavior of the pure tungsten and binder phases, and a stress- and temperature-based cohesive zone model captures fracture at grain and phase boundaries in the microstructure. In results from both experiments and modeling, the grain orientations affect the free-surface velocity profile and spall behavior. Some aspects of distributions of free-surface velocity and spall strength among different microstructure configurations are qualitatively similar between experimental and numerical results, while others are not as a result of differing scales of resolution and modeling assumptions. Following a comparison of experimental and numerical results for different microstructures, intergranular fracture is identified as an important mechanism underlying the spall event. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Vogler, T. J.] Sandia Natl Labs, Solid Dynam & Energt Mat Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. [Clayton, J. D.] USA, Ballist Res Lab, Impact Phys Branch, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Vogler, TJ (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Solid Dynam & Energt Mat Dept, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM tjvogle@sandia.gov RI Vogler, Tracy/B-4489-2009; Clayton, John/C-7760-2009 NR 79 TC 44 Z9 46 U1 10 U2 22 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-5096 J9 J MECH PHYS SOLIDS JI J. Mech. Phys. Solids PD FEB PY 2008 VL 56 IS 2 BP 297 EP 335 DI 10.1016/j.jmps.2007.06.013 PG 39 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Mechanics; Physics GA 271JQ UT WOS:000253785100001 ER PT J AU Wright, TW Ramesh, KT AF Wright, T. W. Ramesh, K. T. TI Dynamic void nucleation and growth in solids: A self-consistent statistical theory SO JOURNAL OF THE MECHANICS AND PHYSICS OF SOLIDS LA English DT Article DE spall; void growth; self-consistent ID ELASTIC PLASTIC SOLIDS; POROUS MATERIALS; DUCTILE; DAMAGE; MODEL; CAVITATION AB We present a framework for a self-consistent theory of spall fracture in ductile materials, based on the dynamics of void nucleation and growth. The constitutive model for the material is divided into elastic and "plastic" parts, where the elastic part represents the volumetric response of a porous elastic material, and the "plastic" part is generated by a collection of representative volume elements (RVEs) of incompressible material. Each RVE is a thick-walled spherical shell, whose average porosity is the same as that of the surrounding porous continuum, thus simulating void interaction through the resulting lowered resistance to further void growth. All voids nucleate and grow according to the appropriate dynamics for a thick-walled sphere made of incompressible material. The macroscopic spherical stress in the material drives the response in all volume elements, which have a distribution of critical stresses for void nucleation, and the statistically weighted sum of the void volumes of all RVEs generates the global porosity. Thus, macroscopic pressure, porosity, and a distribution of growing microscopic voids are fully coupled dynamically. An example is given for a rate-independent, perfectly plastic material. The dynamics of void growth gives rise to a rate effect in the macroscopic material even though the parent material is rate independent. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Wright, T. W.] USA, Ballist Res Lab, WMRD, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. [Wright, T. W.; Ramesh, K. T.] Johns Hopkins Univ, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. RP Wright, TW (reprint author), USA, Ballist Res Lab, WMRD, 4600 Deer Creek Loop, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. EM tww@arl.army.mil NR 19 TC 34 Z9 34 U1 1 U2 14 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-5096 J9 J MECH PHYS SOLIDS JI J. Mech. Phys. Solids PD FEB PY 2008 VL 56 IS 2 BP 336 EP 359 DI 10.1016/j.jmps.2007.05.012 PG 24 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Mechanics; Physics GA 271JQ UT WOS:000253785100002 ER PT J AU Garcia-Camara, B Moreno, F Gonzalez, F Saiz, JM Videen, G AF Garcia-Camara, B. Moreno, F. Gonzalez, F. Saiz, J. M. Videen, G. TI Light scattering resonances in small particles with electric and magnetic properties SO JOURNAL OF THE OPTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA A-OPTICS IMAGE SCIENCE AND VISION LA English DT Article ID EXTINCTION PROPERTIES; GOLD NANOPARTICLES; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; SURFACE; PERMEABILITY; SPHERES; METAMATERIALS; PERMITTIVITY; INDEX AB Lorenz-Mie resonances produced by small spheres are analyzed as a function of their size and optical properties (epsilon greater than or less than 0, mu greater than or less than 0). New generalized (mu not equal 1) approximate and compact expressions of the first four Lorenz-Mie coefficients (a(1), b(1), a(2), and b(2)) are calculated. With these expressions and for small particles with various values of e and mu, the extinction cross section (Q(ext)) is calculated and analyzed, in particular for resonant conditions. The dependence on particle size of the extinction resonance, together with the resonance shape (FWHM), is also analyzed. In addition to the former analysis, a study of the scattering diagrams for some interesting values of epsilon and mu is also presented. (C) 2008 Optical Society of America. C1 [Garcia-Camara, B.; Moreno, F.; Gonzalez, F.; Saiz, J. M.] Univ Cantabria, Grp Opt, Dept Fis Aplicada, E-39005 Santander, Spain. [Videen, G.] USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Garcia-Camara, B (reprint author), Univ Cantabria, Grp Opt, Dept Fis Aplicada, Avda Castros S-N, E-39005 Santander, Spain. EM garciacb@unican.es RI Garcia-Camara, Braulio/N-9694-2014 OI Garcia-Camara, Braulio/0000-0002-1231-0570 NR 31 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 6 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1084-7529 J9 J OPT SOC AM A JI J. Opt. Soc. Am. A-Opt. Image Sci. Vis. PD FEB PY 2008 VL 25 IS 2 BP 327 EP 334 DI 10.1364/JOSAA.25.000327 PG 8 WC Optics SC Optics GA 266KD UT WOS:000253433200006 PM 18246166 ER PT J AU Spinella, PC Perkins, JG McLaughlin, DF Niles, SE Grathwohl, KW Beekley, AC Salinas, J Mehta, S Wade, CE Holcomb, JB AF Spinella, Philip C. Perkins, Jeremy G. McLaughlin, Daniel F. Niles, Sarah E. Grathwohl, Kurt W. Beekley, Alec C. Salinas, Jose Mehta, Sumeru Wade, Charles E. Holcomb, John B. TI The effect of recombinant activated factor VII on mortality in combat-related casualties with severe trauma and massive transfusion SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 66th Annual Meeting of the American-Association-for-the-Surgery-of-Trauma CY SEP 27-29, 2007 CL Las Vegas, NV SP Amer Assoc Surg Trauma DE recombinant FVIIa; trauma; mortality; hemorrhage; coagulopathy; war ID FRESH WHOLE-BLOOD; PLACEBO-CONTROLLED TRIAL; DOUBLE-BLIND; COAGULOPATHY; COAGULATION; HEMORRHAGE; SURGERY; TIME; DEATHS; RESUSCITATION AB Background. The majority of patients with potentially survivable combat-related injuries die from hemorrhage. Our objective was to determine whether the use of recombinant activated factor VII (rFVIIa) decreased mortality in combat casualties with severe trauma who received massive transfusions and if its use was associated with increased severe thrombotic events. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed a database of combat casualty patients with severe trauma (Injury Severity Score [ISS] > 15) and massive transfusion (red blood cell [RBCs] >= 10 units/24 hours) admitted to one combat support hospital in Baghdad, Iraq, between December 2003 and October 2005. Admission vital signs and laboratory data, blood products, ISS, 24-hour and 30-day mortality, and severe thrombotic events were compared between patients who received rFVIIa (rFVIIa(+)) and did not receive rFVIIa (rFVIIa(-)). Results: Of 124 patients in this study, 49 patients received rFVIIa and 75 did not. ISS, laboratory values, and admission vitals did not differ between rFVIIa(+) and rFVIIa- groups, except for systolic blood pressure (mm Hg) 105 +/- 33 and 92 +/- 28, p=0.02 and temperature (degrees F) 96.3 +/- 2.1 and 95.2 +/- 2.4, p=0.03, respectively. Interactions between all vital signs and laboratory values measured upon admission, to include systolic blood pressure and temperature, were not significant when measured between rFVIIa use and 30-day mortality. Twenty-four-hour mortality was 7 of 49 (14%) in rFVIIa(+) and 26 of 75 (35%) in rFVIIa(-), (p=0.01); 30-day mortality was 15 of 49 (31%) and 38 of 75 (51%), (p=0.03). Death from hemorrhage was 8 of 14 (57%) for rFVlla(+) patients compared with 29 of 37 (78%) for rFVIIa(-) patients, (p=0.12). The incidence of severe thrombotic events was similar in both groups. Conclusions: The early use of rFVIIa was associated with decreased 30-day mortality in severely injured combat casualties requiring massive transfusion, but was not associated with increased risk of severe thrombotic events. C1 [Spinella, Philip C.] Connecticut Childrens Med Ctr, Pediat Intens Care Unit, Hartford, CT 06106 USA. [Spinella, Philip C.; McLaughlin, Daniel F.; Salinas, Jose; Wade, Charles E.; Holcomb, John B.] USA, Inst Surg Res, San Antonio, TX USA. [Spinella, Philip C.] Connecticut Childrens Med Ctr, Hartford, CT USA. [Perkins, Jeremy G.; Niles, Sarah E.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Grathwohl, Kurt W.; Mehta, Sumeru] Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. [Beekley, Alec C.] Madigan Army Med Ctr, Tacoma, WA 98431 USA. RP Spinella, PC (reprint author), Connecticut Childrens Med Ctr, Pediat Intens Care Unit, 282 Washington St, Hartford, CT 06106 USA. EM pspinella@ccmckids.org NR 46 TC 80 Z9 85 U1 0 U2 6 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-5282 J9 J TRAUMA JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care PD FEB PY 2008 VL 64 IS 2 BP 286 EP 293 DI 10.1097/TA.0b013e318162759f PG 8 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA 264KV UT WOS:000253287100008 PM 18301188 ER PT J AU Owens, BD Kragh, JF Wenke, JC Macaitis, J Wade, CE Holcomb, JB AF Owens, Brett D. Kragh, John F., Jr. Wenke, Joseph C. Macaitis, Joseph Wade, Charles E. Holcomb, John B. TI Combat wounds in operation Iraqi freedom and operation enduring freedom SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Article DE military; combat; wound; explosive ID UNITED-STATES; SURGICAL-TEAM; EXPERIENCE; CASUALTIES; ARMY; AFGHANISTAN AB Background: There have been no large cohort reports detailing the wounding patterns and mechanisms in the current conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan. Methods: The Joint Theater Trauma Registry was queried for all US service members receiving treatment for wounds (International Classification of Diseases-9th Rev. codes 800 - 960) sustained in Operation Iraqi Freedom and Operation Enduring Freedom from October 2001 through January 2005. Returned-to-duty and nonbattle injuries were excluded from final analysis. Results: This query resulted in 3,102 casualties, of which 31% were classified as nonbattle injuries and 18% were returned-to-duty within 72 hours. A total of 1,566 combatants sustained 6,609 combat wounds. The locations of these wounds were as follows: head (8%), eyes (6%), ears (3% face (10%), neck (3%), thorax (6%), abdomen (11%), and extremity (54%). The proportion of head and neck wounds is higher (p < 0.0001) than the proportion experienced in World War II, Korea, and Vietnam wars (16% - 21%). The proportion of thoracic wounds is a decrease (p < 0.0001) from World War II and Vietnam (13%). The proportion of gunshot wounds was 18%, whereas the proportion sustained from explosions was 78%. Conclusions: The wounding patterns currently seen in Iraq and Afghanistan resemble the patterns from previous conflicts, with some notable exceptions: a greater proportion of head and neck wounds, and a lower proportion of thoracic wounds. An explosive mechanism accounted for 78% of injuries, which is the highest proportion seen in any largescale conflict. C1 [Owens, Brett D.; Kragh, John F., Jr.; Wenke, Joseph C.; Macaitis, Joseph; Wade, Charles E.; Holcomb, John B.] USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Owens, BD (reprint author), USA, Inst Surg Res, 3400 Rawley Chambers Rd, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM b.owens@us.army.mil NR 21 TC 429 Z9 440 U1 6 U2 31 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-5282 J9 J TRAUMA JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care PD FEB PY 2008 VL 64 IS 2 BP 295 EP 299 DI 10.1097/TA.0b013e318163b875 PG 5 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA 264KV UT WOS:000253287100010 PM 18301189 ER PT J AU Aboudara, MC Hurst, FP Abbott, KC Perkins, RM AF Aboudara, Matthew C. Hurst, Frank P. Abbott, Kevin C. Perkins, Robert M. TI Hyperkalemia after packed red blood cell transfusion in trauma patients SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Article DE potassium; hypokalemia; hyperkalemia ID MASSIVE TRANSFUSION; POTASSIUM CHANGES; MANAGEMENT; INFANTS; SODIUM AB Background. Published analyses of clinical outcomes for patients requiring large-volume blood transfusion conflict with respect to the impact upon plasma potassium levels. We analyzed a cohort of trauma patients to ascertain the impact of component product transfusion upon plasma potassium values. Methods: We performed an observational analysis of previously, prospectively collected clinical data on 131 noncrush trauma patients undergoing resuscitation during the initial 12 hours after admission to a combat support hospital. Comparisons were made between those who received packed red blood cell (PRBC) transfusion and those who did not. Primary outcome was hyperkalemia (plasma potassium level >5.5 mmol/L). Results: Ninety-six of one hundred thirty-one patients (73.3%) received PRBCs (mean number of PRBC units 11.2, range, 0-55.0). For transfusion versus nontransfusion patients, baseline plasma potassium value (3.7 +/- 0.57 mmol/L vs. 3.6 +/- 0.36 mmol/L, p = 0.22) rose significantly after transfusion (5.3 +/- 1.2 mmol/L, vs. 4.0 +/- 0.78 mmol/L, p < 0.001). During the study period, 38.5% of transfusion patients developed hyperkalemia, versus 2.9% of those who did not (p = 0.003). In multivariate logistic regression analysis, transfusion of greater than 7 units of PRBCs was independently associated with the development of hyperkalemia (RR 4.72, 95% CI 1.01-21.97, p = 0.048). Transfusion of other cell-based products, baseline base deficits, and plasma bicarbonate levels were not. Spearman's rank correlation coefficient for the relationship of number of transfused PRBC units to the highest recorded potassium value was 0.554 (p < 0.001). The predictive accuracy of the logistic regression model for hyperkalemia was 0.824 (95% CI 0.747-0.901, p < 0.001). Conclusions: Hyperkalemia is common after PRBC transfusion, and often severe. PRBC transfusion is independently associated with the development of hyperkalemia. The findings suggest the need for interventional studies examining the impact of alternative resuscitative approaches after severe trauma. C1 [Perkins, Robert M.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Nephrol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Aboudara, Matthew C.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Internal Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Hurst, Frank P.; Abbott, Kevin C.; Perkins, Robert M.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Internal Med, Serv Nephrol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Perkins, RM (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Nephrol Serv, Ward 48,6900 georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM robert.perkins@na.amedd.army.mil NR 13 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-5282 J9 J TRAUMA JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care PD FEB PY 2008 VL 64 IS 2 SU S BP S86 EP S90 DI 10.1097/TA.0b013e318160c0b8 PG 5 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA 265UJ UT WOS:000253386200023 PM 18376177 ER PT J AU Atkins, JL AF Atkins, James L. TI Hyperkalemia after packed red blood cell transfusion in trauma patients - Discussion SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Editorial Material ID HEMORRHAGIC-SHOCK; POTASSIUM; ELECTROLYTES; HYPOTHERMIA; RESPONSES; SURVIVAL; SODIUM; MUSCLE C1 [Atkins, James L.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Atkins, JL (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-5282 J9 J TRAUMA JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care PD FEB PY 2008 VL 64 IS 2 SU S BP S90 EP S91 PG 2 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA 265UJ UT WOS:000253386200024 ER PT J AU Bagg, M Ritenour, AE AF Bagg, Mark Ritenour, Amber E. TI Complications after fasciotomy revision and delayed compartment release in combat patients - Discussion SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Bagg, Mark] Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. [Ritenour, Amber E.] USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Bagg, M (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 3 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-5282 J9 J TRAUMA JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care PD FEB PY 2008 VL 64 IS 2 SU S BP S161 EP S162 PG 2 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA 265UJ UT WOS:000253386200042 ER PT J AU Barnes, SL Renz, EM AF Barnes, Stephen L. Renz, Evan M. TI Long range transport of war-related burn casualties - Discussion SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Barnes, Stephen L.] Univ Cincinnati, Div Trauma & Crit Care, Cincinnati, OH 45267 USA. [Renz, Evan M.] USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Barnes, SL (reprint author), Univ Cincinnati, Div Trauma & Crit Care, Cincinnati, OH 45267 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-5282 J9 J TRAUMA JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care PD FEB PY 2008 VL 64 IS 2 SU S BP S144 EP S145 PG 2 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA 265UJ UT WOS:000253386200038 ER PT J AU Beekley, AC Blackbourne, LH Sebesta, JA McMullin, N Mullenix, PS Holcomb, JB AF Beekley, Alec C. Blackbourne, Lorne H. Sebesta, James A. McMullin, Neil Mullenix, Philip S. Holcomb, John B. CA 31st CSHR Grp TI Selective nonoperative management of penetrating torso injury from combat fragmentation wounds SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Article DE combat wounds; abdominal trauma; explosion; computed tomography; ultrasound ID FOCUSED ABDOMINAL SONOGRAPHY; DIAGNOSTIC PERITONEAL-LAVAGE; NON-THERAPEUTIC OPERATIONS; GUNSHOT WOUNDS; STAB WOUNDS; NEGATIVE LAPAROTOMY; COMPUTED-TOMOGRAPHY; ROUTINE LAPAROTOMY; EARLY MORBIDITY; TRAUMA AB Background: Historically, military surgical doctrine has mandated exploratory laparotomy for all penetrating fragmentation wounds. We hypothesized that stable patients with abdominal fragmentation injuries whose computerized tomography (CT) scans for intraperitoneal or retroperitoneal penetration disclosed nothing abnormal, can be safely observed without therapeutic laparotomy. Methods: We retrospectively studied all hemodynamically stable patients with penetrating fragmentation wounds to the back, flank, lower chest, abdomen, and pelvis evaluated by abdominal physical examination (PE), CT, or ultrasound treated during a 6-month period at one combat support hospital. Sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values were calculated comparing each positive test to laparotomy and each negative test to successful nonoperative management. Results: One hundred forty-five patients met study criteria. Based on CT scans, 85 (59%) patients were managed nonoperatively; 60 (41 %) underwent laparotomy. Forty-five of 60 (75%) of laparotomies were therapeutic. CT scan for intraperitoneal or retroperitoneal penetration that disclosed nothing abnormal was 99% predictive of successful nonoperative management. In detecting intra-abdominal injury requiring lapaeotomy, sensitivity for each method was 30.2% (PE), 1.1.7% (ultrasound), and 97.8% (CT) (p < 0.05). Specificity was 94.8% (PE), 100% (ultrasound), and 84.8% (CT). The areas under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were 0.565 (PE), 0.543 (ultrasound), and 0.929 (CT) (p < 0.0001). All patients with a positive ultrasound (n = 4) underwent therapeutic laparotomy. Conclusion: PE alone was unreliable in stable patients with abdominal fragmentation injuries. The clinical value of ultrasound results was limited, likely because the majority of these stable patients did not have injuries associated with the large accumulation of peritoneal fluid. CT scan safely and effectively analyzed nonoperative management of penetrating abdominal fragmentation injuries and should be the diagnostic study of choice in all stable patients without peritonitis with abdominal, flank, back, or pelvic combat fragmentation wounds. C1 [Beekley, Alec C.; Sebesta, James A.] Madigan Army Med Ctr, Dept Gen Surg, Tacoma, WA 98431 USA. [Blackbourne, Lorne H.] Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Trauma Crit Care, San Antonio, TX USA. [Blackbourne, Lorne H.; Holcomb, John B.] Brooke Army Med Ctr, Inst Surg Res, San Antonio, TX USA. [McMullin, Neil] Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Gen Surg, San Antonio, TX USA. [Mullenix, Philip S.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Beekley, AC (reprint author), Madigan Army Med Ctr, Dept Gen Surg, 9040-A Fitzsimmons Rd, Tacoma, WA 98431 USA. EM alec.beekley@us.army.mil NR 32 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-5282 J9 J TRAUMA JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care PD FEB PY 2008 VL 64 IS 2 SU S BP S108 EP S116 DI 10.1097/TA.0b013e31816093d0 PG 9 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA 265UJ UT WOS:000253386200029 PM 18376152 ER PT J AU Beekley, AC Sebesta, JA Blackbourne, LH Herbert, GS Kauvar, DS Baer, DG Walters, TJ Mullenix, PS Holcomb, JB AF Beekley, Alec C. Sebesta, James A. Blackbourne, Lorne H. Herbert, Garth S. Kauvar, David S. Baer, David G. Walters, Thomas J. Mullenix, Philip S. Holcomb, John B. CA 31st Combat Support Hosp Res Grp TI Prehospital tourniquet use in operation Iraqi freedom: Effect on hemorrhage control and outcomes SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Article DE tourniquet; combat wounds; extremity trauma; explosion; amputation; vascular injury ID COMBAT CASUALTY CARE; BATTLEFIELD; SOMALIA; DEATH AB Background: Up to 9% of casualties killed in action during the Vietnam War died from exsanguination from extremity injuries. Retrospective reviews of prehospital tourniquet use in World War II and by the Israeli Defense Forces revealed improvements in extremity hemorrhage control and very few adverse limb outcomes when tourniquet times are less than 6 hours. Hypothesis: We hypothesized that prehospital tourniquet use decreased hemorrhage from extremity injuries and saved lives, and was not associated with a substantial increase in adverse limb outcomes. Methods: This was an institutional review board-approved, retrospective review of the 31st combat support hospital for 1 year during Operation Iraqi Freedom. Inclusion criteria were any patient with a traumatic amputation, major extremity vascular injury, or documented prehospital tourniquet. Results: Among 3,444 total admissions, 165 patients met inclusion criteria. Sixty-seven patients had prehospital tourniquets (TK); 98 patients had severe extremity injuries but no prehospital tourniquet (No TK). Extremity Acute Injury Scores were the same (3.5 TK vs. 3.4 No TK) in both groups. Differences (p < 0.05) were noted in the numbers of patients with arm injuries (16.2% TK vs. 30.6% No TK), injuries requiring vascular reconstruction (29.9% TK vs. 52.5% No TK), traumatic amputations (41.8% TK vs. 26.3% No TK), and in those patients with adequate bleeding control on arrival (83% TK vs. 60% No TK). Secondary amputation rates (4 (6.0%) TK vs. 9 (9.1%) No TK); and mortality (3 (4.4%) TK vs. 4 (4.1%) No TK) did not differ. Tourniquet use was not deemed responsible for subsequent amputation in severely mangled extremities. Analysis revealed that four of seven deaths were potentially preventable with functional prehospital tourniquet placement. Conclusions: Prehospital tourniquet use was associated with improved hemorrhage control, particularly in the worse injured (Injury Severity Score > 15) subset of patients. Fifty-seven percent of the deaths might have been prevented by earlier tourniquet use. There were no early adverse outcomes related to tourniquet use. C1 [Beekley, Alec C.; Sebesta, James A.; Herbert, Garth S.] Madigan Army Med Ctr, Dept Gen Surg, Tacoma, WA 98431 USA. [Blackbourne, Lorne H.] Trauma Crit Care Burn Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX USA. [Blackbourne, Lorne H.; Baer, David G.; Walters, Thomas J.; Holcomb, John B.] Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX USA. [Mullenix, Philip S.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Gen Surg, Ft Sam Houston, TX USA. RP Beekley, AC (reprint author), Madigan Army Med Ctr, Dept Gen Surg, 9040 A Fitzsimmons Rd, Tacoma, WA 98431 USA. EM alec.beekley@us.army.mil NR 17 TC 121 Z9 125 U1 0 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-5282 J9 J TRAUMA JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care PD FEB PY 2008 VL 64 IS 2 SU S BP S28 EP S36 DI 10.1097/TA.0b013e318160937e PG 9 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA 265UJ UT WOS:000253386200010 PM 18376169 ER PT J AU Blackbourne, LH Schreiber, MA AF Blackbourne, Lorne H. Schreiber, Martin A. TI A comparison between patients treated at a combat support hospital in Iraq and a Level I trauma center in the United States - Discussion SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Blackbourne, Lorne H.] Brooke Army Med Ctr, Trauma Crit Care Burn Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. [Schreiber, Martin A.] Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Dept Surg, Sect Trauma & Crit Care, Portland, OR 97201 USA. RP Blackbourne, LH (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Trauma Crit Care Burn Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-5282 J9 J TRAUMA JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care PD FEB PY 2008 VL 64 IS 2 SU S BP S121 EP S122 PG 2 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA 265UJ UT WOS:000253386200032 ER PT J AU Brosch, LR Holcomb, JB Thompson, JC Cordts, PR AF Brosch, Laura R. Holcomb, John B. Thompson, Jennifer C. Cordts, Paul R. TI Establishing a human research protection program in a combatant command SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Article DE Nuremberg Code; Belmont Report; 32 CFR Part 219; assurance of compliance; human research protection AB Extensive United States combat operations commenced for the first time in over decade in 2003. Early in 2004 there was no human research protection regulatory review and approval mechanism based in a deployed military combatant command. The absence of such a system presented a critical impediment to implementation of the time-honored tradition of a robust combat casualty care research effort. A coalition of concerned military medical personnel from the US Army proposed a novel mechanism to meet Department of Defense (DOD) requirements for the human research protection oversight of studies conducted in the combat theater of operations. In 2005, the Commander of Task Force 44 Medical Command (44th MEDCOM), who was serving as the Multi-National Corps Iraq (MNC-I) Surgeon, was charged with negotiating a DOD Assurance and implementing a new system of research review and protections. He deployed an Army Medical Department Medical Corps officer to assist in this endeavor and operationalize the plan. On March 19, 2005, the Multi-National Corps Iraq Commander signed a historic agreement with the US Army Surgeon General who developed a regulatory support and oversight mechanism to conduct research in theater. This innovative system not only honored the Army's commitment to human research protections, but also provided much needed support in the form of scientific and ethical review and compliance oversight to those deployed medical personnel with the vision to conduct healthcare studies in the combat environment. On July 20, 2005, the first DOD Assurance of Compliance for the Protection of Human Research Subjects was approved for MNC-I. This assurance allows the conduct of human subjects research in full compliance with all Federal, DOD, and Army regulatory requirements. This article describes, that unique process. C1 [Brosch, Laura R.] USA Nurse Corps, Off Res Protect, USA Med Res & Mat Command, Ft Detrick, MD 21701 USA. [Holcomb, John B.] USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX USA. [Thompson, Jennifer C.] Brooke Army Med Ctr, Grad Med Educ, Ft Sam Houston, TX USA. [Cordts, Paul R.] USA, Med Corps, Hlth Policy & Serv, Falls Church, VA USA. RP Brosch, LR (reprint author), USA Nurse Corps, Off Res Protect, USA Med Res & Mat Command, 504 Scott St, Ft Detrick, MD 21701 USA. EM laura.brosch@us.army.mil NR 6 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-5282 J9 J TRAUMA JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care PD FEB PY 2008 VL 64 IS 2 SU S BP S9 EP S12 DI 10.1097/TA.0b013e31816093a6 PG 4 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA 265UJ UT WOS:000253386200004 PM 18376178 ER PT J AU Cancio, LC Wade, CE West, SA Holcomb, JB AF Cancio, Leopoldo C. Wade, Charles E. West, Susan A. Holcomb, John B. TI Prediction of mortality and of the need for massive transfusion in casualties arriving at combat support hospitals in Iraq SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Article DE triage; wounds and injuries; war; military personnel; blood pressure; Glasgow Coma Scale Score; outcome and process assessment; death; blood transfusion ID TRAUMA; INJURY; SCORE AB Background. our purpose was to compare the Revised Trauma Score (RTS) with the new Field Triage Score (FTS) for prediction of mortality (MORT) and of need for massive transfusion (MASS, >= 10 units of packed cells or whole blood) in casualties arriving at combat support hospitals in Iraq. Methods. Six hundred ninety-two cases were reviewed; 536 had complete data and were included. Total Glasgow Coma Scale score (GCS(total)) not GCS(motor) was used. Thus, a modification (FTS07) of the FTS was calculated, using GCS <8 and systolic arterial pressure (SAP) < 100 as cut-points, with range 0 to 2. Variables different by univariate analysis under-went logistic regression analysis (LRA) and areas under the curve for receiver operating characteristic curves (AUC) were calculated. By LRA, probability of an outcome is given by p = e(k)/(1 + e(k)). Results: By LRA for MORT, k 0.616-0.438 x RTS; AUC = 0.708. When used instead of RTS, FTS07 provided k = -0.716 -1.009 x FTS07; AUC = 0.687 (NS). For MASS, k = 0.638-0.115 x RTS -0.011 x DAP +0.358 x SI, where DAP is diastolic arterial pressure and SI is shock index, i.e., heart rate or SAP; AUC = 0.638. When used instead of RTS, FTS07 provided k = -0.740 -0.376 x FTS07-0-011 x DAP; AUC = 0.618 (NS). Conclusions: RTS emerged as the best predictor of MORT, with FTS07 a close surrogate. This indicates the effect of impaired mentation on MORT in these data. For prediction of MASS, RTS as well as the heart rate and blood pressure predominated. The advantage of FTS07 (or original FTS) over RTS is the former's ease of computation. C1 [Cancio, Leopoldo C.; Wade, Charles E.; Holcomb, John B.] USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. [West, Susan A.] Joint Theater Trauma Reg, Ft Sam Houston, TX USA. RP Cancio, LC (reprint author), USA, Inst Surg Res, 3400 Rawley E Chambers Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM lee.cancio@us.army.mil NR 6 TC 47 Z9 48 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-5282 J9 J TRAUMA JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care PD FEB PY 2008 VL 64 IS 2 SU S BP S51 EP S55 DI 10.1097/TA.0b013e3181608c21 PG 5 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA 265UJ UT WOS:000253386200014 PM 18376172 ER PT J AU Castro, CA Gaylord, KM AF Castro, Carl Andrew Gaylord, Kathryn M. TI Incidence of posttraumatic stress disorder and mild traumatic brain injury in burned service members: Preliminary report - Discussion SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Castro, Carl Andrew] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Gaylord, Kathryn M.] US Inst Surg Res, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Castro, CA (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-5282 J9 J TRAUMA JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care PD FEB PY 2008 VL 64 IS 2 SU S BP S205 EP S206 PG 2 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA 265UJ UT WOS:000253386200055 ER PT J AU Castro, CA McGhee, L AF Castro, Carl Andrew McGhee, Laura TI The correlation between ketamine and posttraumatic stress disorder in burned service members - Discussion SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Castro, Carl Andrew] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [McGhee, Laura] USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Castro, CA (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-5282 J9 J TRAUMA JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care PD FEB PY 2008 VL 64 IS 2 SU S BP S198 EP S199 PG 2 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA 265UJ UT WOS:000253386200053 ER PT J AU Chung, KK Juncos, LA Wolf, SE Mann, EE Renz, EM White, CE Barillo, DJ Clark, RA Jones, JA Edgecombe, HP Park, MS Albrecht, MC Cancio, LC Wade, CE Holcomb, JB AF Chung, Kevin K. Juncos, Luis A. Wolf, Steven E. Mann, Elizabeth E. Renz, Evan M. White, Christopher E. Barillo, David J. Clark, Richard A. Jones, John A. Edgecombe, Harcourt P. Park, Myung S. Albrecht, Michael C. Cancio, Leopoldo C. Wade, Charles E. Holcomb, John B. TI Continuous renal replacement therapy improves survival in severely burned military casualties with acute kidney injury SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Article DE intermittent hemodialysis; continuous renal replacement therapy burn; nephrology; RIFLE ID CRITICALLY-ILL PATIENTS; HIGH-VOLUME HEMOFILTRATION; CONTINUOUS VENOVENOUS HEMOFILTRATION; RANDOMIZED-TRIAL; INTENSIVE-CARE; SEPTIC SHOCK; ORGAN DYSFUNCTION/FAILURE; COHORT ANALYSIS; SEVERE SEPSIS; FAILURE AB Background: Acute kidney injury in severely burned patients is associated with high mortality. We wondered whether early use of continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) changes outcomes in severely burned military casualties with predetermined criteria for acute kidney injury. Methods: Between November 2005 and June 2007, casualties admitted to our burn intensive care unit after sustaining burns in Iraq and Afghanistan, who subsequently developed acute kidney injury or circulatory shock or both, underwent CRRT. Baseline demographic, laboratory, and hemodynamic parameters were recorded. Both 28-day mortality and in-hospital mortality were evaluated and compared with a consecutive group of burn casualties with greater than 40% total body surface area (TBSA) burns, acute kidney injury, or nephrology consultation in the 2 years before the existence of our CRRT program. Results: One hundred forty-seven severely burned military casualties were admitted to our intensive care unit before CRRT program initiation, and 102 were admitted after CRRT program initiation. Before the CRRT program, 16 patients were identified as having >40% TBSA burns with kidney injury with or without nephrology consultation (control group); 18 were treated with CRRT since (CRRT group). Groups were similar for %TBSA, %full-thickness TBSA, incidence of inhalation injury, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, and Injury Severity Score. Of the CRRT patients, seven soldiers were treated for isolated acute kidney injury, whereas 11 were treated for a combination of acute kidney injury and shock. The dose of therapy was 50.2 +/- 13 mL/kg/h with a treatment course of 5.2 +/- 3 days. Of the 11 patients in the CRRT group treated for shock, eight were off vasopressors by 24 hours and the remaining three within 48 hours. None of the patients in the control group were placed on renal replacement therapy with nephrology consultation in eight patients. Both 28-day mortality (22% vs. 75%, p = 0.002) and in-hospital mortality (56% vs. 88%, p = 0.04) were lower in the CRRT group compared with that in the control group. Conclusion:. Aggressive application of CRRT in severely burned casualties with kidney injury significantly improves survival. C1 [Chung, Kevin K.] Burn Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. [Chung, Kevin K.; Wolf, Steven E.; Mann, Elizabeth E.; Renz, Evan M.; White, Christopher E.; Barillo, David J.; Clark, Richard A.; Jones, John A.; Edgecombe, Harcourt P.; Park, Myung S.; Albrecht, Michael C.; Cancio, Leopoldo C.; Wade, Charles E.; Holcomb, John B.] USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. [Juncos, Luis A.] Mayo Clin, Coll Med, Rochester, MN USA. RP Chung, KK (reprint author), Burn Ctr, 3400 Rawley E Chambers Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM kevin.chung@us.army.mil NR 42 TC 31 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-5282 J9 J TRAUMA JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care PD FEB PY 2008 VL 64 IS 2 SU S BP S179 EP S185 DI 10.1097/TA.0b013e3181608676 PG 7 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA 265UJ UT WOS:000253386200049 PM 18376163 ER PT J AU Chung, KK Murray, CK AF Chung, Kevin K. Murray, Clinton K. TI Ventilator associated pneumonia in a military deployed selling: The impact of an aggressive infection control program - Discussion SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Chung, Kevin K.; Murray, Clinton K.] USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Chung, KK (reprint author), USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-5282 J9 J TRAUMA JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care PD FEB PY 2008 VL 64 IS 2 SU S BP S127 EP S128 PG 2 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA 265UJ UT WOS:000253386200034 ER PT J AU Cordts, PR Brosch, LA Holcomb, JB AF Cordts, Paul R. Brosch, Laura A. Holcomb, John B. TI Now and then: Combat casualty care policies for operation Iraqi freedom and operation enduring freedom compared with those of Vietnam SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Article DE Global War on Terrorism; policy; Office of The Army Surgeon General; Health Policy and Services ID DAMAGE CONTROL RESUSCITATION; TRAUMA DATA-BANK; 1602 EPISODES; INJURY; THROMBOEMBOLISM; HEMORRHAGE; TOURNIQUET; SWINE AB Between December 2004 and Jun 2007, 13 key Operation Iraqi Freedom/Operation Enduring Freedom combat casualty care policies were published to inform medical practice in the combat theater of operations. Published policies were authored by the 44th Medical Command (1), the Office of The Army Surgeon General (11), and the Office of the Assistant Secretary of Defense (Health Affairs) (1). These policies, published as an All Army Action message (and/or in memorandum format signed by The Army Surgeon General), were compared with published medical newsletters and medical bulletins issued during the Vietnam War era, beginning in 1966. Common to both wartime eras was the recognition that the presence of a medical research team in theater was a critical element to ensure accurate data capture for subsequent analysis, to document lessons learned, and to study the impact of new wounding mechanisms, whether it be the Pungi sticks and mines of Vietnam or the types of explosions specific to Operation Iraqi Freedom/Operation Enduring Freedom. It is important to recognize that both then and now, medical practice has been a reflection of the current state of medical practice, and that in both conflicts military medical personnel have been equally devoted to saving lives of combat casualties. C1 [Cordts, Paul R.] Off Surg Gen, Hlth Policy & Serv, Falls Church, VA 22041 USA. [Brosch, Laura A.] USA, Med Res Mat Command, Off Res Protect, Ft Detrick, MD USA. [Holcomb, John B.] USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX USA. [Cordts, Paul R.] Off Surgeon Gen, Falls Church, VA USA. RP Cordts, PR (reprint author), Off Surg Gen, Hlth Policy & Serv, 5109 Leesburg Pike, Falls Church, VA 22041 USA. EM paul.cordts@amedd.artny.mil NR 35 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-5282 J9 J TRAUMA JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care PD FEB PY 2008 VL 64 IS 2 SU S BP S14 EP S20 DI 10.1097/TA.0b013e31816093bd PG 7 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA 265UJ UT WOS:000253386200006 PM 18376157 ER PT J AU Dunne, JR Lee, TH Burns, C Cardo, LJ Curry, K Busch, MP AF Dunne, James R. Lee, Tzong-Hae Burns, Christopher Cardo, Lisa J. Curry, Kathleen Busch, Michael P. TI Transfusion-associated microchimerism in combat casualties SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Article DE microchimerism; transfusion; combat; blood; allogenic; autologous; T cell ID VERSUS-HOST-DISEASE; INDEPENDENT RISK-FACTOR; ALLOGENEIC BLOOD-TRANSFUSION; MULTIPLE ORGAN FAILURE; FRESH WHOLE-BLOOD; TRAUMA PATIENTS; GRAFT; TRANSPLANTATION; RECIPIENTS; CELLS AB Background: Fresh whole blood (FrWB) is routinely used in the resuscitation of combat casualties in Operation Iraqi Freedom and Operation Enduring Freedom. However, studies have shown high rates (20%-40%) of transfusion-associated microchimerism (TA-MC) in civilian trauma patients receiving allogenic red blood cell (RBC) transfusions. We explored the incidence of TA-MC in combat casualties receiving FrWB compared with patients receiving standard stored RBC transfusions. Methods: Prospective data on TAMC at >= 14 days posttransfusion were collected on 26 severely injured combat casualties admitted to the National Naval Medical Center between December 2006 and March 2007. Demographic variables included age, sex, Injury Severity Score, and transfusion history. Data are expressed as mean +/- SD. Results: The mean age of the study cohort was 24 +/- 7; mean Injury Severity Score was 17 +/- 12. All were men and suffered penetrating injury. Average hospital length of stay was 46 +/- 35 days. TA-MC was present in 45% (10 of 22) patients who were transfused at least I unit of blood. The four nontransfused patients all tested negative for TA-MC. Among six patients who received 4 to 43 units of FrWB, five also received RBCs and one aphaeresis platelets. The remaining 16 transfused patients who received RBCs (no FrWB) included seven who also received platelets in theater. The prevalence of TA-MC was 50% (3 of 6) in FrWB patients, 50% in patients given platelets (4 of 8), and 38% (3 of 8) in those given only RBCs as a cellular component (p = 0.61). Conclusion: Although these preliminary data do not demonstrate a significantly increased rate of TA-MC in FrWB or apheresis platelets recipients compared with RBC recipients, the overall 45% (10 of 22) rate of TA-MC in transfused soldiers warrants further study to ascertain possible clinical consequences such as graft-versus-host or autoimmune disease syndromes. C1 [Dunne, James R.; Burns, Christopher; Curry, Kathleen] Natl Naval Med Ctr, Dept Gen Surg, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA. [Cardo, Lisa J.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Lee, Tzong-Hae; Busch, Michael P.] Blood Syst Res Inst, San Francisco, CA USA. RP Dunne, JR (reprint author), Natl Naval Med Ctr, Dept Gen Surg, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA. EM james.dunne@med.navy.mil NR 44 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-5282 J9 J TRAUMA JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care PD FEB PY 2008 VL 64 IS 2 SU S BP S92 EP S97 DI 10.1097/TA.0b013e318160a590 PG 6 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA 265UJ UT WOS:000253386200025 PM 18376179 ER PT J AU Ennis, JL Chung, KK Renz, EM Barillo, DJ Albrecht, MC Jones, JA Blackbourne, LH Cancio, LC Eastridge, BJ Flaherty, SF Dorlac, WC Kelleher, KS Wade, CE Wolf, SE Jenkins, DH Holcomb, JB AF Ennis, Jody L. Chung, Kevin K. Renz, Evan M. Barillo, David J. Albrecht, Michael C. Jones, John A. Blackbourne, Lome H. Cancio, Leopoldo C. Eastridge, Brian J. Flaherty, Steven F. Dorlac, Warren C. Kelleher, K. S. Wade, Charles E. Wolf, Steven E. Jenkins, Donald H. Holcomb, John B. TI Joint theater trauma system implementation of burn resuscitation guidelines improves outcomes in severely burned military casualties SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Article DE burn; joint theater trauma registry; resuscitation; guidelines ID FREEDOM AB Background: Between March 2003 and June 2007, our burn center received 594 casualties from the conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan. Ongoing acute burn resuscitation as severely burned casualties are evacuated over continents is very challenging. To help standardize care, burn resuscitation guidelines (BRG) were devised along with a burn flow sheet (BFS) and disseminated via the new operational Joint Theater Trauma System to assist deployed providers. Methods: After the BRG was implemented in January 2006, BRF data were prospectively collected in consecutive military casualties with > 30 % total body surface area (TBSA) burns (BRG Group). Baseline demographic data and fluid requirements for the first 24 hours of the burn resuscitation were collected from the BFS. Percentage full thickness TBSA burns, presence of inhalation injury, injury severity score, resuscitation-related abdominal compartment syndrome, and mortality were collected from our database. Individual charts were reviewed to determine the presence of extremity fasciotomies and myonecrosis. These results were compared with consecutive military casualties admitted during the 2-year-period before the system-wide implementation of the BRG (control group). Results: One hundred eighteen military casualties with burns >30% TBSA were admitted between January 2003 and June 2007, with n = 56 in the BRG group and n = 62 in the control group. The groups were different in age, but similar in %TBSA, %full thickness, presence of inhalation injury, and injury severity score. There was no difference in the rate of extremity fasciotomies or the incidence of myonecrosis between groups. Conclusions: The composite endpoint of abdominal compartment syndrome and mortality was significantly lower in the BRG group compared with the control group (p = 0.03). Implementation of the BRG and system-wide standardization of burn resuscitation improved outcomes in severely burned patients. Utilization of the joint theater trauma system to implement system-wide guidelines is effective and can help improve outcomes. C1 [Ennis, Jody L.] Burn Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. [Ennis, Jody L.; Chung, Kevin K.; Renz, Evan M.; Barillo, David J.; Albrecht, Michael C.; Jones, John A.; Blackbourne, Lome H.; Cancio, Leopoldo C.; Eastridge, Brian J.; Wade, Charles E.; Wolf, Steven E.; Holcomb, John B.] USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. [Flaherty, Steven F.; Dorlac, Warren C.] Lahnstuhl Reg Med Ctr, Landstuhl, Germany. [Kelleher, K. S.] Natl Naval Med Ctr, Bethesda, MD USA. [Jenkins, Donald H.] Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA. RP Ennis, JL (reprint author), Burn Ctr, 3400 Rawley E Chambers Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM jody.ennis@us.army.mil NR 7 TC 49 Z9 50 U1 0 U2 4 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-5282 J9 J TRAUMA JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care PD FEB PY 2008 VL 64 IS 2 SU S BP S146 EP S151 DI 10.1097/TA.0b013e318160b44c PG 6 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA 265UJ UT WOS:000253386200039 PM 18376158 ER PT J AU Ficke, JR AF Ficke, James R. TI Prehospital tourniquet use in operation Iraqi freedom: Effect on hemorrhage control and outcomes - Discussion SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Ficke, James R.] Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Ficke, JR (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-5282 J9 J TRAUMA JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care PD FEB PY 2008 VL 64 IS 2 SU S BP S36 EP S37 PG 2 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA 265UJ UT WOS:000253386200011 ER PT J AU Fox, CJ Gillespie, DL Cox, ED Mehta, SG Kragh, JF Salinas, J Holcomb, JB AF Fox, Charles J. Gillespie, David L. Cox, E. Darrin Mehta, Sumeru G. Kragh, John F., Jr. Salinas, Jose Holcomb, John B. TI The effectiveness of a damage control resuscitation strategy for vascular injury in a combat support hospital: Results of a case control study SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Article DE vascular trauma; damage control; resuscitation; coagulopathy ID REQUIRING MASSIVE TRANSFUSION; RECOMBINANT FACTOR VIIA; ACTIVATED FACTOR-VII; FRESH-FROZEN PLASMA; TRAUMA PATIENTS; ACQUIRED COAGULOPATHY; BLOOD-PRODUCTS; NORMAL SALINE; WAR; MORTALITY AB Objectives: Major vascular injury is a leading cause of potentially preventable hemorrhagic death in modern combat operations. An optimal resuscitation approach for military trauma should offer both rapid hemorrhage control and early reversal of metabolic derangements. The objective of this report is to establish the use and effectiveness of a damage control resuscitation (DCR) strategy in the setting of wartime vascular injury. Methods: A retrospective two-cohort case control study was performed using the Joint Theater Trauma Registry to identify patients with an extremity vascular injury treated at two different points in time: group 1 (n = 16) from April to June 2006 when DCR concepts were put into practice and group 2 to (n = 24) 1 year later in a period when DCR strategies were not employed. Results: Baseline demographics, injury severity, admission physiology, and operative details were similar between groups 1 and 2. Group 1 patients received more total blood products (23 vs. 12 units, p < 0.05), fresh frozen plasma (16 vs. 7 units,p < 0.01), cryoprecipitate (11 vs. 1.2 units, p < 0.05), whole blood (19% vs. 0%, p = 0.06), and early recombinant factor VIIa (75% vs. 0%,p < 0.001) than group 2 patients. Group 1 patients had a more complete early physiologic recovery after vascular reconstruction (heart rate: 38 vs. 12, p < 0.001; systolic blood pressure, 39 vs. 14, p < 0.001; base deficit: 7.36 vs. 2.72,p < 0.001; International Normalized Ratio, 0.3 vs. 0.1,p < 0.001). There was no significant difference in early amputation rates (group 1: 6.2% vs. group 2: 4.2%) or 7-day mortality (0% in both groups). Conclusions: This study was the first to use the Joint Theater Trauma Registry for follow-up on an established clinical practice guideline. DCR goals appear now to be met during the management of acute wartime vascular injuries with effective correction of physiologic shock. The overall impact of this resuscitation strategy on long-term outcomes such as limb salvage and mortality remains to be determined. C1 [Fox, Charles J.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Fox, Charles J.; Gillespie, David L.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Fox, Charles J.; Gillespie, David L.] Uninformed Univ Hlth Sci, Div Vasc Surg, Bethesda, MD USA. [Cox, E. Darrin] William Beaumont Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, El Paso, TX 79920 USA. [Mehta, Sumeru G.] Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Emergency Med, San Antonio, TX USA. [Kragh, John F., Jr.; Salinas, Jose; Holcomb, John B.] USA, Inst Surg Res, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Fox, CJ (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Bldg 2,Ward 64,6900 Georgia Ave, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM charles.fox@us.army.mil NR 47 TC 49 Z9 53 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-5282 J9 J TRAUMA JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care PD FEB PY 2008 VL 64 IS 2 SU S BP S99 EP S106 DI 10.1097/TA.0b0136181608c4a PG 8 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA 265UJ UT WOS:000253386200027 PM 18376180 ER PT J AU Gaylord, KM Cooper, DB Mercado, JM Kennedy, JE Yoder, LH Holcomb, JB AF Gaylord, Kathryn M. Cooper, Douglas B. Mercado, Janyna M. Kennedy, Jan E. Yoder, Linda H. Holcomb, John B. TI Incidence of posttraumatic stress disorder and mild traumatic brain injury in burned service members: Preliminary report SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Article DE burn injury; blast injury; PTSD; mild TBI ID MENTAL-DISORDERS; HEALTH-PROBLEMS; BLAST INJURY; SYMPTOMS; OUTCOMES; IRAQ; AFGHANISTAN; OPERATIONS; MILITARY; CARE AB Background: Although sustaining physical injury in theater increases service members' risk for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), exposure to explosive munitions may increase the risk of mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). We hypothesized a higher incidence of PTSD and mTBI in service members who sustained both burn and explosion injuries than in nonexplosion exposed service members. Methods: A retrospective review of PTSD and mTBI assessments was completed on burned service members between September 2005 and August 2006. Subjects were divided into cohort groups: (1) PTSD and mTBI, (2) PTSD and no mTBI, (3) mTBI and no PTSD, (4) no mTBI and no PTSD. Specific criteria used for group classification were based on subjects' total score on Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist, Military version (PCL-M), clinical interview, and record review to meet American Congress of Rehabilitation Medicine criteria for mTBI. Descriptive analyses were used. Results: Seventy-six service members met the inclusion criteria. The incidence rate of PTSD was 32% and mTBI was 41%. Eighteen percent screened positive for PTSD and mTBI; 13% screened positive for PTSD, but not mTBI; 23% screened positive for mTBI but not PTSD; 46% did not screen positive for either PTSD or mTBI. Conclusion: Given the high incidence of these disorders in burned service members, further screening of PTSD and TBI appears warranted. Because symptom presentation in PTSD and mTBI is clinically similar in acute and subacute stages, and treatments can vary widely, further research investigating symptom profiles of PTSD and mTBI is warranted. C1 [Gaylord, Kathryn M.; Holcomb, John B.] USAISR, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. [Cooper, Douglas B.; Mercado, Janyna M.] Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Behav Med, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. [Kennedy, Jan E.] Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Neurol, Def & Vet Brain Injury Ctr, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. [Yoder, Linda H.] Univ Texas Austin, Sch Nursing, Austin, TX 78712 USA. RP Gaylord, KM (reprint author), USAISR, 3400 Rawley E Chambers Rd, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM kathryn.gaylord@amedd.army.mil NR 29 TC 31 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-5282 J9 J TRAUMA JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care PD FEB PY 2008 VL 64 IS 2 SU S BP S200 EP S204 DI 10.1097/TA.0b013e318160ba42 PG 5 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA 265UJ UT WOS:000253386200054 PM 18376167 ER PT J AU Hedman, TL Renz, EM Richard, RL Quick, CD Dewey, WS Barillo, DJ Cancio, LC Baer, DG Wolf, SE Holcomb, JB AF Hedman, Travis L. Renz, Evan M. Richard, Reginald L. Quick, Charles D. Dewey, William S. Barillo, David J. Cancio, Leopoldo C. Baer, David G. Wolf, Steven E. Holcomb, John B. TI Incidence and severity of combat hand burns after all Army activity message SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Article DE hand burns; prevention; incidence; military; ALARACT ID OPERATION IRAQI FREEDOM; ENDURING FREEDOM; LEBANON WAR; CASUALTIES; INJURIES AB Background: Operations Enduring Freedom and Iraqi Freedom have resulted in severe burns to the hands. Because of the frequency and severity of hand burns, an All Army Activity (ALARACT) message was distributed emphasizing the importance of hand protection (HP). Our purpose was to assess the effectiveness of the ALARACT in reducing the incidence and severity of hand burns. Methods: A retrospective review of the US Army Institute of Surgical Research Burn Registry for active duty personnel with hand burns 17 months before and after the ALARACT was conducted. Data include percentage total body surface area (% TBSA), %.full-thickness injury, depth of hand burn, and ratio of hand burn to TBSA. Statistical analysis was performed using Mann-Whitney U test. Results: Four hundred fifty-one military personnel were admitted during the 34-month period: 257 (56.9%) pre-ALARACT; 194 (43.1%) post-ALARACT. Two hundred thirty-nine (52.9%) sustained hand burns: 138 (53.7%) pre-ALARACT; 101 (52.1%) post-ALARACT (p = NS). Mean TBSA: 21.5% pre-ALARACT; 28.8% post-ALARACT (p = 0.01). Mean full-thickness TBSA: 14.5% pre-ALARACT; 21.9% post-ALARACT (p = 0.02). Mean hand TBSA: 3.2% pre-ALARACT; 3.2% post-ALARACT (p = NS). Mean ratio, hand burn to TBSA: 36% pre-ALARACT; 25% post-ALARACT (P < 0.001). Discussion: Post-ALARACT, the incidence of hand burns remained unchanged. Despite an increase in burn severity, ratio of hand burn to TBSA decreased, suggesting a possible relationship between increased awareness and use of HP and decreased injury. Based on the data collected, the impact of the ALARACT is unclear. The importance of HP remains a priority. The fact that the incidence of hand burns remains unchanged demands our continued awareness and increased efforts. C1 [Hedman, Travis L.] Army Burn Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. [Hedman, Travis L.; Renz, Evan M.; Richard, Reginald L.; Quick, Charles D.; Dewey, William S.; Barillo, David J.; Cancio, Leopoldo C.; Baer, David G.; Wolf, Steven E.; Holcomb, John B.] USA, Inst Surg Res, Burn Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Hedman, TL (reprint author), Army Burn Ctr, 3400 Rawley E Chambers Ave, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM travis.hedman@amedd.army.mil NR 16 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-5282 J9 J TRAUMA JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care PD FEB PY 2008 VL 64 IS 2 SU S BP S169 EP S172 DI 10.1097/TA.0b013e318160ba0c PG 4 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA 265UJ UT WOS:000253386200045 PM 18376161 ER PT J AU Holcomb, JB AF Holcomb, John B. TI Clinical outcomes from the war: Introduction SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Holcomb, JB (reprint author), 3400 Rawley E Chambers Ave,Bldg 3611, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM John.Holcomb@amedd.army.mil NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-5282 J9 J TRAUMA JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care PD FEB PY 2008 VL 64 IS 2 SU S BP S1 EP S1 DI 10.1097/TA.0b013e318160c0a2 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA 265UJ UT WOS:000253386200001 PM 18376151 ER PT J AU Jenkins, DH Hedman, T AF Jenkins, Donald H. Hedman, Travis TI Incidence and severity of combat hand burns after all Army activity message - Discussion SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Jenkins, Donald H.] Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. [Hedman, Travis] USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Jenkins, DH (reprint author), Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-5282 J9 J TRAUMA JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care PD FEB PY 2008 VL 64 IS 2 SU S BP S172 EP S173 PG 2 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA 265UJ UT WOS:000253386200046 ER PT J AU Johannigman, J Ennis, JL AF Johannigman, Jay Ennis, Jody L. TI Joint theater trauma system implementation of burn resuscitation guidelines improves outcomes in severely burned military casualties - Discussion SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Johannigman, Jay] Univ Cincinnati, Div Trauma & Crit Care, Cincinnati, OH 45267 USA. [Ennis, Jody L.] USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Johannigman, J (reprint author), Univ Cincinnati, Div Trauma & Crit Care, Cincinnati, OH 45267 USA. NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-5282 J9 J TRAUMA JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care PD FEB PY 2008 VL 64 IS 2 SU S BP S151 EP S152 PG 2 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA 265UJ UT WOS:000253386200040 ER PT J AU Kelly, JF Ritenour, AE McLaughlin, DF Bagg, KA Apodaca, AN Mallak, CT Pearse, L Lawnick, MM Champion, HR Holcomb, JB AF Kelly, Joseph F. Ritenour, Amber E. McLaughlin, Daniel F. Bagg, Karen A. Apodaca, Amy N. Mallak, Craig T. Pearse, Lisa Lawnick, Mary M. Champion, Howard R. Holcomb, John B. TI Injury severity and causes of death from operation Iraqi freedom and operation enduring freedom: 2003-2004 versus 2006 SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Article DE injury severity score; autopsy; combat; Iraq; Afghanistan ID DAMAGE CONTROL RESUSCITATION; PREVENTABLE TRAUMA DEATHS; COMBAT CASUALTY CARE; RURAL STATE; COAGULOPATHY; EXPERIENCE; SYSTEM; WAR AB Background: The opinion that injuries sustained in Iraq and Afghanistan have increased in severity is widely held by clinicians who have deployed multiple times. To continuously improve combat casualty care, the Department of Defense has enacted numerous evidence-based policies and clinical practice guidelines. We hypothesized that the severity of wounds has increased over time. Furthermore, we examined cause of death looking for opportunities of improvement for research and training. Methods: Autopsies of the earliest combat deaths from Iraq and Afghanistan and the latest deaths of 2006 were analyzed to assess changes in injury severity and causes of death. Fatalities were classified as nonsurvivable (NS) or potentially survivable (PS). PS deaths were then reviewed in depth to analyze mechanism and cause. Results: There were 486 cases from March 2003 to April 2004 (group 1) and 496 from June 2006 to December 2006 (group 2) that met inclusion criteria. Of the PS fatalities (group 1: 93 and group 2: 139), the injury severity score was lower in the first group (27 +/- 14 vs. 37 +/- 16, p < 0.001), and had a lower number of abbreviated injury scores >= 4 (1.1 +/- 0.79 vs. 1.5 +/- 0.83 per person, p < 0.001). The main cause of death in the PS fatalities was truncal hemorrhage (51% vs. 49%, p = NS). Deaths per month between groups doubled (35 vs. 71), whereas the case fatality rates between the two time periods were equivalent (11.0 vs. 9.8, p = NS). Discussion: In the time periods of the war studied, deaths per month has doubled, with increases in both injury severity and number of wounds per casualty. Truncal hemorrhage is the leading cause of potentially survivable deaths. Arguably, the success of the medical improvements during this war has served to maintain the lowest case fatality rate on record. C1 [Kelly, Joseph F.] USA, Inst Surg Res, Houston, TX 78234 USA. [Kelly, Joseph F.; Ritenour, Amber E.; McLaughlin, Daniel F.; Bagg, Karen A.; Apodaca, Amy N.; Mallak, Craig T.; Holcomb, John B.] USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. [Mallak, Craig T.; Pearse, Lisa; Lawnick, Mary M.] Armed Forces Med Examiner Syst, Rockville, MD USA. [Champion, Howard R.] Univ Hlth Sci, Uniformed Serv, Bethesda, MD USA. [Mallak, Craig T.] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, Dept Surg, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. RP Kelly, JF (reprint author), USA, Inst Surg Res, 3400 Rawley E Chambers Ave,Suite 3611, Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM joseph.kelly@amedd.army.mil NR 25 TC 255 Z9 259 U1 6 U2 22 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-5282 J9 J TRAUMA JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care PD FEB PY 2008 VL 64 IS 2 SU S BP S21 EP S26 DI 10.1097/TA.0b013e318160b9fb PG 6 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA 265UJ UT WOS:000253386200008 PM 18376168 ER PT J AU Kragh, JF Walters, TJ Baer, DG Fox, CJ Wade, CE Salinas, J Holcomb, JB AF Kragh, John F., Jr. Walters, Thomas J. Baer, David G. Fox, Charles J. Wade, Charles E. Salinas, Jose Holcomb, John B. TI Practical use of emergency tourniquets to stop bleeding in major limb trauma SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Article DE tourniquet; hemorrhage; resuscitation; mangled extremities; mass casualties ID INFLATION PRESSURES; BATTLEFIELD; CONTROVERSY; PARALYSIS; MORTALITY; SYSTEMS; FORCES; DEATH; ARMY; CARE AB Background: Previously we showed that tourniquets were lifesaving devices in the current war. Few studies, however, describe their actual morbidity in combat casualties. The purpose of this study was to measure tourniquet use and complications. Methods: A prospective survey of casualties who required tourniquets was performed at a combat support hospital in Baghdad during 7 months in 2006. Patients were evaluated for tourniquet use, limb outcome, and morbidity. We identified potential morbidities from the literature and looked for them prospectively. The protocol was approved by the institutional review board. Results: The 232 patients had 428 tourniquets applied on 309 injured limbs. The most effective tourniquets were the Emergency Medical Tourniquet (92%) and the Combat Application Tourniquet (79%). Four patients (1.7%) sustained transient nerve palsy at the level of the tourniquet, whereas six had palsies at the wound level. No association was seen between tourniquet time and morbidity. There was no apparent association of total tourniquet time and morbidity (clots, myonecrosis, rigor, pain, palsies, renal failure, amputation, and fasciotomy). No amputations resulted solely from tourniquet use. However, six (2.6%) casualties with eight preexisting traumatic amputation injuries then had completion surgical amputations and also had tourniquets on for >2 hours. The rate of limbs with fasciotomies with tourniquet time <= 2 hours was 28% (75 of 272) and >2 hours was 36% (9 of 25, p = 0.4). Conclusions: Morbidity risk was low, and there was a positive risk benefit ratio in light of the survival benefit. No limbs were lost because of tourniquet use, and tourniquet duration was not associated with increased morbidity. Education for early military tourniquet use should continue. C1 [Kragh, John F., Jr.] USA Inst Surg Res, Bone & Soft Tissue Trauma Res Program, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. [Kragh, John F., Jr.; Walters, Thomas J.; Baer, David G.; Wade, Charles E.; Salinas, Jose; Holcomb, John B.] USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX USA. [Fox, Charles J.] Walter Reed AMC, Washington, DC USA. RP Holcomb, JB (reprint author), USA Inst Surg Res, Bone & Soft Tissue Trauma Res Program, 3400 Rawley E Chambers Ave,Bldg 3611,Rm L82-16, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM john.kragh@amedd.army.mil NR 43 TC 136 Z9 139 U1 0 U2 7 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-5282 J9 J TRAUMA JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care PD FEB PY 2008 VL 64 IS 2 SU S BP S38 EP S49 DI 10.1097/TA.0b013e31816086b1 PG 12 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA 265UJ UT WOS:000253386200012 PM 18376170 ER PT J AU Landrum, ML Murray, CK AF Landrum, Michael L. Murray, Clinton K. TI Ventilator associated pneumonia in a military deployed selling: The impact of an aggressive infection control program SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Article DE ventilator; pneumonia; infection control; Iraq ID RESISTANT ACINETOBACTER-BAUMANNII; US ARMY SOLDIERS; NOSOCOMIAL INFECTIONS; TRAUMA; IRAQ; ANTIBIOTICS; BACTERIA; OUTBREAK AB Background: Since the onset of military operations in Iraq and Afghanistan, there has been a marked increased in multidrug resistant bacterial infections among combat casualties. We describe the rates of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) before and after the implementation of aggressive infection control measures at the Air Force Theater Hospital in Iraq. Methods: All patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) were followed prospectively for the development of VAP. Baseline VAP rate was determined in May 2006, and preventive measures were implemented by June 2006. Interventions included hand hygiene, contact barrier precautions, patient and staff cohorting, chlorhexidine oral care, and reducing the duration and spectrum of surgical antimicrobial prophylaxis. Additionally, each ICU tent was closed periodically for cleaning and disinfection. Daily inspections provided ongoing staff education and enforcement of procedures. Monthly VAP rates were calculated and compared for trend. Results: There were 475 ICU admissions from May 2006 through August 2006 for a mean admission rate of 119 per month. The rate of VAP per 1,000 ventilator days was 60.6 in May, 31.6 in June, 21.3 in July, and 11.1 in August (p = 0.029). Targeted surveillance in November and December revealed VAP rates of 11.6 and 9.7, respectively. Notably, the most common bacteria, Acinetobacter, had improved antimicrobial susceptibilities after the interventions. Conclusions: Implementation of aggressive infection control procedures in a combat military hospital was associated with a significant decrease in the rate of VAP. Despite the numerous challenges in theater, infection control can have measurable and sustainable impact in a combat theater hospital. C1 [Murray, Clinton K.] Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio Mil Med Ctr, Infect Dis Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. [Landrum, Michael L.; Murray, Clinton K.] San Antonio Mil Med Ctr, Infect Dis Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX USA. [Landrum, Michael L.] Infect Dis Clin Res Program, Bethesda, MD USA. RP Murray, CK (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio Mil Med Ctr, Infect Dis Serv, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM Clinton.Murray@amedd.army.mil NR 20 TC 23 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-5282 J9 J TRAUMA JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care PD FEB PY 2008 VL 64 IS 2 SU S BP S123 EP S127 DI 10.1097/TA.0b013e31816086dc PG 5 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA 265UJ UT WOS:000253386200033 PM 18376154 ER PT J AU McGhee, JS Ritenour, AE AF McGhee, James S. Ritenour, Amber E. TI Tympanic membrane perforation and hearing loss from blast overpressure in operation enduring freedom and operation Iraqi freedom wounded - Discussion SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [McGhee, James S.] USA, Aeromed Res Ctr, Ft Rucker, AL USA. [Ritenour, Amber E.] USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP McGhee, JS (reprint author), USA, Aeromed Res Ctr, Ft Rucker, AL USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-5282 J9 J TRAUMA JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care PD FEB PY 2008 VL 64 IS 2 SU S BP S178 EP S178 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA 265UJ UT WOS:000253386200048 ER PT J AU McGhee, LL Maani, CV Garza, TH Gaylord, KM Black, IH Castro, CA AF McGhee, Laura L. Maani, Christopher V. Garza, Thomas H. Gaylord, Kathryn M. Black, Ian H. Castro, Carl Andrew TI The correlation between ketamine and posttraumatic stress disorder in burned service members SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Article DE ketamine; PTSD; PCL-M ID MUTUAL MAINTENANCE; PAIN; INJURY; PTSD; PREDICTORS; SYMPTOMS; BRAIN AB Background: Predisposing factors for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) include experiencing a traumatic event, threat of injury or death, and untreated pain. Ketamine, an anesthetic, is used at low doses as part of a multimodal anesthetic regimen. However, since ketamine is associated with psychosomatic effects, there is a concern that ketamine may increase the risk of developing PTSD. This study investigated the prevalence of PTSD in Operation Iraqi Freedom/Operation Enduring Freedom (OIF/OEF) service members who were treated for burns in a military treatment center. Methods: The PTSD Checklist-Military (PCL-M) is a 17-question screening tool for PTSD used by the military. A score of 44 or higher is a positive screen for PTSD. The charts of all OIF/OEF soldiers with burns who completed the PCL-M screening tool (2002-2007) were reviewed to determine the number of surgeries received, the anesthetic regime used, including amounts given, the total body surface area burned, and injury severity score. Morphine equivalent units were calculated using standard dosage conversion factors. Result:. The prevalence of PTSD in patients receiving ketamine during their operation(s) was compared with patients not receiving ketamine. Of the 25,000 soldiers injured in OIF/OEF, United States Army Institute of Surgical Research received 603 burned casualties, of which 241 completed the PCL-M. Of those, 147 soldiers underwent at least one operation. Among 119 patients who received ketamine during surgery and 28 who did not; the prevalence of PTSD was 27% (32 of 119) versus 46% (13 of 28), respectively (p = 0.044). Conclusions: Contrary to expectations, patients receiving perioperative ketamine had a lower prevalence of PTSD than soldiers receiving no ketamine during their surgeries despite having larger burns, higher injury severity score, undergoing more operations, and spending more time in the ICU. C1 [McGhee, Laura L.; Maani, Christopher V.; Garza, Thomas H.; Gaylord, Kathryn M.] USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. [Black, Ian H.] Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX USA. [Castro, Carl Andrew] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP McGhee, LL (reprint author), USA, Inst Surg Res, 3400 Rawley E Chambers, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM laura.mcghee@us.army.mil NR 22 TC 54 Z9 56 U1 1 U2 4 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-5282 J9 J TRAUMA JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care PD FEB PY 2008 VL 64 IS 2 SU S BP S195 EP S198 DI 10.1097/TA.0b013e318160ba1d PG 4 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA 265UJ UT WOS:000253386200052 PM 18376165 ER PT J AU McLaughlin, DF Niles, SE Salinas, J Perkins, JG Cox, D Wade, CE Holcomb, JB AF McLaughlin, Daniel F. Niles, Sarah E. Salinas, Jose Perkins, Jeremy G. Cox, Darrin Wade, Charles E. Holcomb, John B. TI A predictive model for massive transfusion in combat casualty patients SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Article DE massive transfusion ID ALLOGENEIC BLOOD-TRANSFUSION; DAMAGE CONTROL RESUSCITATION; MULTIPLE ORGAN FAILURE; FRESH WHOLE-BLOOD; ACUTE LUNG INJURY; TRAUMA DEATHS; INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE; EARLY COAGULOPATHY; RISK-FACTOR; INFECTION AB Background: Massive transfusion (MT) is associated with increased morbidity and mortality in severely injured patients. Early and aggressive use of blood products in these patients may correct coagulopathy, control bleeding, and improve outcomes. However, rapid identification of patients at risk for NIT has been difficult. We postulated that evaluation of clinical variables routinely assessed upon admission would allow identification of these patients for earlier, more effective intervention. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted at a single combat support hospital to identify risk factors for MT in patients with traumatic injuries. Demographic, diagnostic, and laboratory variables obtained upon admission were evaluated. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed. An algorithm was formulated, validated with an independent dataset and a simple scoring system was devised. Results: Three thousand four hundred forty-two patient records were reviewed. At least one unit of blood was transfused to 680 patients at the combat support hospital. Exclusion criteria included age less than 18 years, transfer from another medical facility, designation as a security internee, or incomplete data fields. The final number of patients was 302, of whom 26.5% (80 of 302) received a MT. Patients with MT had higher mortality (29 vs. 7% [p < 0.001]), and an increased Injury Severity Score (25 +/- 11.1 vs. 18 +/- 16.2 [p < 0.001]). Four independent risk factors for MT were identified: heart rate >105 bpm, systolic blood pressure <110 mm Hg, pH <7.25, and hematocrit <32.0%. An algorithm was created to analyze the risk of MT (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.839). In an independent data set of 396 patients the ability to accurately identify those requiring MT was 66% (AUC = 0.747). Conclusions: Independent predictors for MT were identified in a cohort of severely injured patients requiring transfusions. Patients requiring a MT can be identified with variables commonly obtained upon hospital admission. C1 [McLaughlin, Daniel F.; Salinas, Jose; Wade, Charles E.; Holcomb, John B.] USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. [Niles, Sarah E.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Perkins, Jeremy G.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP McLaughlin, DF (reprint author), USA, Inst Surg Res, 3400 Rawley E Chambers Ave, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM daniel.mclaughlin@amedd.army.mil NR 42 TC 120 Z9 124 U1 1 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-5282 J9 J TRAUMA JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care PD FEB PY 2008 VL 64 IS 2 SU S BP S57 EP S63 DI 10.1097/TA.0b013e318160a566 PG 7 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA 265UJ UT WOS:000253386200016 PM 18376173 ER PT J AU Park, MS Salinas, J Wade, CE Wang, JF Martini, WJ Pusateri, AE Merrill, GA Chung, K Wolf, SE Holcomb, JB AF Park, Myung S. Salinas, Jose Wade, Charles E. Wang, Jingfing Martini, Wenjun Pusateri, Anthony E. Merrill, Gerald A. Chung, Kevin Wolf, Steven E. Holcomb, John B. TI Combining early coagulation and inflammatory status improves prediction of mortality in burned and nonburned trauma patients SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Article DE thromboelastography; cytokine; third degree burns; inhalation injury; tumor necrosis factor; multiple organ dysfunction syndrome ID MULTIPLE ORGAN FAILURE; INJURIES COMPARING OUTCOMES; INTENSIVE-CARE UNIT; INHALATION INJURY; 10-YEAR EXPERIENCE; DYSFUNCTION SCORE; FEMALE-PATIENTS; MAJOR CAUSE; CACHECTIN; SYSTEM AB Background: After injury, there is a synergistic response between inflammation and coagulation systems. We hypothesized that combining markers of these processes and standard clinical indices would improve early prediction of in-hospital mortality in burned and non-burned trauma patients. Methods: Patients admitted to the surgical or burn intensive care unit within 24 hours of injury with an anticipated stay >= 3 days were enrolled during a one year period. Upon admission, blood was drawn for thromboelastography, plasma-based clotting assays, and cytokine levels. Clinical indices and multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS) scores were recorded. Candidate variables evaluated included age, percentage third degree burns, inhalation injury, percentage total body surface area burns, interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin-8, pro-thrombin time, partial thromboplastin time (PTT), maximal amplitude reflective of clot strength, group (burn or nonburn) and admission MODS. Multiple logistic regression with stepwise selection and likelihood ratio test was performed to identify predictors for mortality. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was constructed to assess the diagnostic performance of identified predictors. Validation of the model with an additional cohort was performed. Results: For model development, we enrolled 25 burned and 33 non-burned trauma patients (20 blunt and 13 penetrating injuries). Fifteen deaths occurred. Multiple logistic regression analysis identified six independent risk factors for death: age, percentage third degree burns, inhalation injury, tumor necrosis factor alpha level, maximal amplitude, and MODS score with an area under ROC curve of 0.961 (95% confidence interval: 0.891, 1.000, p < 0.05). The area under the ROC curve for the validation cohort (n = 66) was 0.936 (95% confidence interval: 0.875, 0.997, p < 0.001). Conclusion: Our model improves prediction of in-hospital mortality in comparison to previous methods for burn and nonburn trauma patients. Furthermore, our model is equally applicable to all patients regardless of type of traumatic injury (nonburn or burn). This improvement is because of the inclusion of patient's early coagulation and inflammatory status in addition to standard clinical indices. These data provide a baseline within which to measure incremental improvements in care. C1 [Park, Myung S.; Salinas, Jose; Wade, Charles E.; Wang, Jingfing; Martini, Wenjun; Pusateri, Anthony E.; Chung, Kevin; Wolf, Steven E.; Holcomb, John B.] USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. [Merrill, Gerald A.] Brooke Army Med Ctr, Div Clin Invest, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Park, MS (reprint author), USA, Inst Surg Res, 3400 Rawley E Chambers Ave, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM myung.park@amedd.army.mil NR 51 TC 29 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-5282 J9 J TRAUMA JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care PD FEB PY 2008 VL 64 IS 2 SU S BP S188 EP S194 DI 10.1097/TA.0b013e318160a5a3 PG 7 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA 265UJ UT WOS:000253386200051 PM 18376164 ER PT J AU Perkins, RM Chung, KK AF Perkins, Robert M. Chung, Kevin K. TI Continuous renal replacement therapy improves survival in severely burned military casualties with acute kidney injury - Discussion SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Editorial Material ID INSUFFICIENCY; FAILURE C1 [Perkins, Robert M.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Chung, Kevin K.] USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Perkins, RM (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-5282 J9 J TRAUMA JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care PD FEB PY 2008 VL 64 IS 2 SU S BP S185 EP S187 PG 3 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA 265UJ UT WOS:000253386200050 ER PT J AU Plotkin, AJ Wade, CE Jenkins, DH Smith, KA Noe, JC Park, MS Perkins, JG Holcomb, JB AF Plotkin, Amy J. Wade, Charles E. Jenkins, Donald H. Smith, Kimberly A. Noe, Jody C. Park, Myung S. Perkins, Jeremy G. Holcomb, John B. TI A reduction in clot formation rate and strength assessed by thrombelastography is indicative of transfusion requirements in patients with penetrating injuries SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Article DE thrombelastograph; clot; transfusion; trauma; penetrating injury ID TRAUMA PATIENT; COAGULATION; THROMBOELASTOGRAPHY; COAGULOPATHY; PLATELET; SURGERY; BYPASS AB Background: Bleeding is a major cause of death in patients with traumatic injuries. Recently, thrombelastograph (TEG) has been suggested as an additional means of evaluating coagulation in trauma patients. We hypothesized that TEG data would aid in defining the coagulopathy of trauma in patients with penetrating traumatic injuries. Methods: A retrospective study was performed of patients (n = 44) with penetrating injuries admitted to a combat support hospital during a 2-month period in 2004. Recorded data included standard laboratory data, TEG parameters, and blood product use in the first 24 hours after admission. Values were compared with clinically accepted ranges and those obtained from the Haemoscope Corporation. Results: At admission, International Normalization Ratio, prothrombin time, and partial thromboplastin time were increased in 39% (>= 1.5), 31% ( >16 seconds), and 37% (> 40 seconds) of patients, respectively, suggesting hypocoagulation, but these variables did not correlate with the use of blood products (p > 0.05). TEG values obtained within 24 hours of admission (6 hours +/- 5.7 hours; median of 4.5 hours) demonstrated hypocoagulation based on delayed propagation of the clot (increased K time and reduced alpha-angle) and decreased clot strength (reduced maximal amplitude [MA]). MA correlated (r = 0.57,p < 0.01) with blood product use as well as platelet count (r = 0.61, p < 0.01). Patients with reduced MA (n = 23) used more blood products and had reduced platelet counts and hematocrit. Conclusion: Thrombelastography was a more accurate indicator of blood product requirements in our patient population than prothrombin time, partial thromboplastin time, and International Normalization Ratio. Thrombelastography enhanced by platelet count and hematocrit can guide blood transfusion requirements. C1 [Plotkin, Amy J.; Wade, Charles E.; Holcomb, John B.] USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. [Plotkin, Amy J.] Pittsburg Tissue Engn Initiat, Pittsburgh, PA USA. [Jenkins, Donald H.; Smith, Kimberly A.; Noe, Jody C.; Park, Myung S.] Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. [Perkins, Jeremy G.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC USA. RP Wade, CE (reprint author), USA, Inst Surg Res, 3400 Rawley T Chambers Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM charles.wade@amedd.army.mil NR 24 TC 131 Z9 134 U1 0 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-5282 J9 J TRAUMA JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care PD FEB PY 2008 VL 64 IS 2 SU S BP S64 EP S68 DI 10.1097/TA.0b013e318160772d PG 5 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA 265UJ UT WOS:000253386200018 PM 18376174 ER PT J AU Renz, EM Cancio, LC Barillo, DJ White, CE Albrecht, MC Thompson, CK Ennis, JL Wanek, SM King, JA Chung, KK Wolf, SE Holcomb, JB AF Renz, Evan M. Cancio, Leopoldo C. Barillo, David J. White, Christopher E. Albrecht, Michael C. Thompson, Charles K. Ennis, Jody L. Wanek, Sandra M. King, James A. Chung, Kevin K. Wolf, Steven E. Holcomb, John B. TI Long range transport of war-related burn casualties SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Article DE burns; aeromedical evacuation; critical care air transport ID OPERATION IRAQI FREEDOM; AIR EVACUATION AB Background: US military burn casualties are evacuated to the US Army Institute of Surgical Research Burn Center in San Antonio, TX. Patients are transported by US Army Institute of Surgical Research Burn Flight Teams, Air Force Critical Care Air Transport Teams, or routine aeromedical evacuation. This study characterizes the military burn casualties transported by each team and reports associated outcomes. Methods: We performed a retrospective review of burn center registry data, identifying all US burn casualties admitted to the Army's burn center between March 2003 and February 2007. Data included total body surface area (TBSA) burn, ventilatory status, inhalational injury, associated injuries, injury severity, disposition, morbidity, and mortality. Results: During 4 years of military operations in Iraq and Afghanistan, 540 casualties were admitted to our burn center for treatment of injuries resulting from war-related operations. Mean burn size was 16.7% total body surface area (range, <1%-95%) with a mean Injury Severity Score of 12.2 +/- 13.7. One hundred eight-one (33.5%) casualties required ventilatory support in flight; inhalation injury was confirmed in 69 (12.7%) patients. Two hundred six (38.1%) were transported by the Burn Flight Team and 174 (32.2%) were transported by Critical Care Air Transport Team, with a mean transit time of 4 days after injury. One hundred sixty (29.6%) patients were routine aeromedical evacuees. There were no in-flight deaths reported; 30 (5.6%) patients died of their wounds at our burn center. Conclusions: Burn casualties represent a group of patients with severe traumatic injuries. Our current system of selectively using specialty medical transport teams for the long-range transport of burn casualties is safe and effective. C1 [Renz, Evan M.] Burn Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. [Renz, Evan M.; Cancio, Leopoldo C.; Barillo, David J.; White, Christopher E.; Albrecht, Michael C.; Thompson, Charles K.; Ennis, Jody L.; Chung, Kevin K.; Wolf, Steven E.; Holcomb, John B.] USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. [Wanek, Sandra M.] Landstuhl Reg Med Ctr, Landstuhl, Germany. [King, James A.] USAF, Sch Aerosp Med, Lackland AFB, TX USA. RP Renz, EM (reprint author), Burn Ctr, 3400 Rawley E Chambers Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM evan.renz@us.army.mil NR 16 TC 29 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-5282 J9 J TRAUMA JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care PD FEB PY 2008 VL 64 IS 2 SU S BP S136 EP S144 DI 10.1097/TA.0b013e31816086c9 PG 9 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA 265UJ UT WOS:000253386200037 PM 18376156 ER PT J AU Renz, EM Barnes, SL AF Renz, Evan M. Barnes, Stephen L. TI En-route care in the air: Snapshot of mechanical ventilation at 37,000 feet - Discussion SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Renz, Evan M.] USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. [Barnes, Stephen L.] Univ Cincinnati, Div Trauma & Crit Care, Cincinnati, OH USA. RP Renz, EM (reprint author), USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-5282 J9 J TRAUMA JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care PD FEB PY 2008 VL 64 IS 2 SU S BP S134 EP S135 PG 2 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA 265UJ UT WOS:000253386200036 ER PT J AU Ritenour, AE Wickley, A Ritenour, JS Kriete, BR Blackbourne, LH Holcomb, JB Wade, CE AF Ritenour, Amber E. Wickley, Aaron Ritenour, Joshua S. Kriete, Brian R. Blackbourne, Lome H. Holcomb, John B. Wade, Charles E. TI Tympanic membrane perforation and hearing loss from blast overpressure in operation enduring freedom and operation Iraqi freedom wounded SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Article DE blast; improvised explosive device; explosion; ears; hearing; tympanic membrane; OEF; OIF ID INJURY; EAR; MANAGEMENT; EXPLOSION; SYSTEM; SURVIVORS; BOMBINGS; GUIDE AB Background: Tympanic membrane perforation is the most common primary blast injury in the current conflicts and occurs in approximately one tenth of service members wounded by combat explosions. We wanted to determine the severity of perforation and its effect on hearing and combat readiness. Methods: This analysis is a retrospective study of US service members injured in combat explosions in Afghanistan or Iraq and treated at our institution between March 2003 and July 2006. Data captured included location and grade of perforation, symptoms, healing rates, andiogram results, need for hearing aids, and loss of eligibility for military service. Results: Of 436 explosion-wounded patients admitted to our facility, 65 (15%) patients had tympanic membrane perforation diagnosed by the otolaryngology service. A total of 97 tympanic membrane perforations occurred among 65 patients. The average surface area involved was 41% +/- 32% (right) and 35% +/- 34% (left). More than one third of perforations were grade 4. The most common locations were central and anterior-inferior. Most (83%) patients reported symptoms, most commonly diminished hearing (77%) and tinnitus (50%). Outcome data were available for 77% of perforations. Spontaneous healing occurred in 48%. The remainder (52%) had surgical intervention. The most common audiogram abnormality was mild high frequency hearing loss. Ultimately, three patients (5%) required hearing aids and one discharge from military service. Conclusions: Tympanic membrane perforation occurs in 16% of explosion-injured patients. Most patients are symptomatic and many have large perforations requiring operative intervention. Longterm hearing loss is uncommon but does impact ability to continue military service. C1 [Ritenour, Amber E.; Wickley, Aaron; Ritenour, Joshua S.; Kriete, Brian R.; Blackbourne, Lome H.; Holcomb, John B.; Wade, Charles E.] USA, Inst Surg Res, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Wade, CE (reprint author), USA, Inst Surg Res, San Antonio, TX USA. EM charles.wade@amedd.army.mil NR 29 TC 41 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-5282 J9 J TRAUMA JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care PD FEB PY 2008 VL 64 IS 2 SU S BP S174 EP S178 DI 10.1097/TA.0b013e318160773e PG 5 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA 265UJ UT WOS:000253386200047 PM 18376162 ER PT J AU Ritenour, AE Dorlac, WC Fang, R Woods, T Jenkins, DH Flaherty, SF Wade, CE Holcomb, JB AF Ritenour, Amber E. Dorlac, Warren C. Fang, Raymond Woods, Timothy Jenkins, Donald H. Flaherty, Stephen F. Wade, Charles E. Holcomb, John B. TI Complications after fasciotomy revision and delayed compartment release in combat patients SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Article DE fasciotomy; compartment syndrome; extremity; revision; delayed; combat wounds; OIF; OEF ID TRAUMA; CASUALTIES; LEG AB Background: Incomplete or delayed fasciotomies are associated with muscle necrosis and death in civilian trauma. Combat explosions severely damage tissue and distort normal anatomy making fasciotomies challenging. Rapid air evacuation may delay treatment of patients with evolving extremity compartment syndrome. We investigated the impact of fasciotomy revision and delayed compartment release on combat casualties after air evacuation. Methods: A retrospective review was performed of combat casualties who underwent fasciotomies in Iraq, Afghanistan, or at Landstuhl Regional Medical Center between January 1, 2005 and August 31, 2006. Outcomes were rates of muscle excision, major amputation, and mortality. Results: A total of 336 patients underwent 643 fasciotomies. Most were to the lower leg (49%) and forearm (23%). Patients who underwent a fasciotomy revision had higher rates of muscle excision (35% vs. 9%, p < 0.01) and mortality (20 % vs. 6 %, p < 0.01) than those who did not receive a revision. The anterior and deep compartments of the-lower leg were the most commonly unopened. Patients who underwent fasciotomy after evacuation had higher rates of muscle excision (25% vs. 11%), amputation (31 vs. 15%), and mortality (19% vs. 5%) than patients who received their fasciotomies in the combat theater (p < 0.01). Patients who underwent revisions or delayed fasciotomies had higher Injury Severity Score and larger burns as well as lower systolic blood pressure, acidosis, and more pressor use during air evacuation. These patients also received more blood products at Landstuhl Regional Medical Center. Conclusion: Fasciotomy revision was associated with a fourfold increase in mortality. The most common revision procedures were extension of fascial incisions and opening new compartments. The most commonly unopened compartment was the anterior compartment of the lower leg. Patients who underwent delayed fasciotomies had twice the rate of major amputation and a threefold higher mortality. C1 [Ritenour, Amber E.; Wade, Charles E.; Holcomb, John B.] USA, Inst Surg Res, San Antonio, TX USA. [Dorlac, Warren C.; Fang, Raymond; Flaherty, Stephen F.] Landstuhl Reg Med Ctr, Landstuhl, Germany. [Jenkins, Donald H.] Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Wade, CE (reprint author), USA, Inst Surg Res, San Antonio, TX USA. EM Charles.Wade@amedd.army.mil NR 20 TC 57 Z9 57 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-5282 J9 J TRAUMA JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care PD FEB PY 2008 VL 64 IS 2 SU S BP S153 EP S161 DI 10.1097/TA.0b013e3181607750 PG 9 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA 265UJ UT WOS:000253386200041 PM 18376159 ER PT J AU Schreiber, MA Zink, K Underwood, S Sullenberger, L Kelly, M Holcomb, JB AF Schreiber, Martin A. Zink, Karen Underwood, Samantha Sullenberger, Lance Kelly, Matthew Holcomb, John B. TI A comparison between patients treated at a combat support hospital in Iraq and a Level I trauma center in the United States SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Article DE combat support hospital; mortality; operations; injury severity score; coalition ID EXPERIENCE; CASUALTIES; WAR AB Background: Combat support hospitals (CSHs) function under adverse operational conditions, delivering care to diverse patients. Appropriate allocation of resources and training are dependent on accurate assessments of the populations' needs. This study compared two patient populations treated between December 2004 and November 2005, one from a CSH in Iraq, the other at a civilian Level I trauma center. Methods: The trauma registry at Oregon Health & Science University was queried to evaluate all trauma patients admitted during the study period. The medical databases of the CSH were retrospectively reviewed. Coalition (Co) patients were US soldiers, their allies, and support staff. Non-coalition (Non-Co) patients were Iraqi Army, Iraqi National Guard, enemy forces, and Iraqi civilians. Results: One thousand fifty-four patients were admitted to the CSH. Four hundred sixty-five of 696 (67%) Co patients versus 143 of 358 (40%) Non-Co patients had disease-related diagnoses (p < 0.01). The remaining 446 patients had traumatic diagnoses; 231 (52%) of these were Co patients. The incidence of battle injury was 59% in Co patients versus 90% in Non-Co patients (p < 0.01). One thousand three hundred thirty-nine trauma patients were admitted to Oregon Health & Science University. Civilian patients were older, less likely to be men, and had higher Injury Severity Scale scores than Co and Non-Co patients. Non-Co patients had higher Injury Severity Scale score, longer lengths of stay, and underwent 2.5 times as many operations as Co patients. Of the civilian patients, 93% were injured by blunt mechanisms compared with 20% of combat victims (p < 0.01). Percentages of abdominal, thoracic, and vascular procedures were similar between the three groups, but combat victims had more soft tissue procedures and dressing changes. There were no differences in mortality. Conclusions: Although CSHs and civilian trauma centers treat significantly different patient populations, the operations performed and outcomes are similar. Non-Co patients consumed 2.5 times more operative resources than did Co patients at the CSH. C1 [Schreiber, Martin A.] Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Portland, OR 97239 USA. [Schreiber, Martin A.; Zink, Karen; Underwood, Samantha] Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Dept Surg, Sect Trauma & Crit Care, Portland, OR 97201 USA. [Sullenberger, Lance] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Div Cardiol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Kelly, Matthew] Dewitt Army Commun Hosp, Dept Orthoped, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. [Holcomb, John B.] USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX USA. RP Schreiber, MA (reprint author), Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Pk Rd,Mail Code L611, Portland, OR 97239 USA. EM schreibm@ohsu.edu NR 9 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-5282 J9 J TRAUMA JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care PD FEB PY 2008 VL 64 IS 2 SU S BP S118 EP S121 DI 10.1097/TA.0b013e318160869d PG 4 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA 265UJ UT WOS:000253386200031 PM 18376153 ER PT J AU Spinella, PC Perkins, JG Grathwohl, KW Beekley, AC Niles, SE McLaughlin, DF Wade, CE Holcomb, JB AF Spinella, Philip C. Perkins, Jeremy G. Grathwohl, Kurt W. Beekley, Alec C. Niles, Sarah E. McLaughlin, Daniel F. Wade, Charles E. Holcomb, John B. TI Effect of plasma and red blood cell transfusions on survival in patients with combat related traumatic injuries SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Article DE plasma; red blood cells; trauma; mortality; hemorrhage; coagulopathy ID FRESH-FROZEN PLASMA; DAMAGE CONTROL RESUSCITATION; INDEPENDENT RISK-FACTOR; MULTIPLE ORGAN FAILURE; 753 CONSECUTIVE DEATHS; CRITICALLY-ILL; MASSIVE TRANSFUSION; FLUID RESUSCITATION; WHOLE-BLOOD; DILUTIONAL COAGULOPATHY AB Background: The amount and age of stored red blood cells (RBCs) are independent predictors of multiorgan failure and death in transfused critically ill patients. The independent effect of plasma transfusion on survival has not been evaluated. Our objective was to determine the independent effects of plasma and RBC transfusion on survival for patients with combat-related traumatic injuries receiving any blood products. Methods: We performed a retrospective review of 708 patients transfused at least one unit of a blood product at one combat support hospital between November 2003 and December 2004. Admission vital signs, laboratory values, amount of blood products transfused in a 24-hour period, and Injury Severity Score (ISS) were analyzed by multivariate logistic regression to determine independent associations with in-hospital mortality. Results: Seven hundred and eight of 3,287 (22%) patients admitted for traumatic injuries were transfused a blood product. Median ISS was 14 (range, 9-25). In-hospital mortality was 12%. Survival was associated with admission Glasgow Coma Scale score, SBP, temperature, hematocrit, base deficit, INR, amount of RBCs transfused, and massive transfusion. Each transfused FFP unit was independently associated with increased survival (OR: 1.17; 95% CI: [1.06-1.29]; p = 0.002); each transfused RBC unit was independently associated with decreased survival (OR: 0.86; [0.8-0.92]; p = 0.001). A subset analysis of patients (n = 567) without massive transfusion (1-9 RBC/FWB units) also revealed an independent association between each FFP unit and improved survival (OR: 1.22; 95% CI: [1.0-1.48]; p = 0.05) and between each RBC unit and decreased survival (OR: 0.77; [0.64-0.92]; p = 0.004). Conclusion: For trauma patients transfused at least one unit of a blood product, FFP and RBC amounts were independently associated with increased survival and decreased survival, respectively. Prospective studies are needed to determine whether the early and increased use of plasma and decreased use of RBCs affect mortality for patients with traumatic injuries requiring transfusion. C1 [Spinella, Philip C.] Connecticut Childrens Med Ctr, Hartford, CT 06106 USA. [Perkins, Jeremy G.; Niles, Sarah E.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC USA. [Beekley, Alec C.] Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX USA. [Beekley, Alec C.] Madigan Army Med Ctr, Ft Lewis, WA USA. [Spinella, Philip C.; McLaughlin, Daniel F.; Wade, Charles E.; Holcomb, John B.] USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Spinella, PC (reprint author), Connecticut Childrens Med Ctr, 282 Washington St, Hartford, CT 06106 USA. EM pspinella@ccmckids.org NR 79 TC 130 Z9 131 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-5282 J9 J TRAUMA JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care PD FEB PY 2008 VL 64 IS 2 SU S BP S69 EP S77 DI 10.1097/TA.0b013e318160ba2f PG 9 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA 265UJ UT WOS:000253386200019 PM 18376175 ER PT J AU Stinger, HK Spinella, PC Perkins, JG Grathwohl, KW Salinas, J Martini, WZ Hess, JR Dubick, MA Simon, CD Beekley, AC Wolf, SE Wade, CE Holcomb, JB AF Stinger, Harry K. Spinella, Philip C. Perkins, Jeremy G. Grathwohl, Kurt W. Salinas, Jose Martini, Wenjun Z. Hess, John R. Dubick, Michael A. Simon, Clayton D. Beekley, Alec C. Wolf, Steven E. Wade, Charles E. Holcomb, John B. TI The ratio of fibrinogen to red cells transfused affects survival in casualties receiving massive transfusions at an army combat support hospital SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Article DE massive transfusion; trauma; coagulopathy; fibrinogen; cryoprecipitate ID FRESH-FROZEN PLASMA; LIFE-THREATENING COAGULOPATHY; ACUTE TRAUMATIC COAGULOPATHY; MAJOR BLOOD-LOSS; DILUTIONAL COAGULOPATHY; PATIENT HYPOTHERMIA; FACTOR VIIA; COAGULATION; RESUSCITATION; ACIDOSIS AB Background: To treat the coagulopathy of trauma, some have suggested early and aggressive use of cryoprecipitate as a source of fibrinogen. Our objective was to determine whether increased ratios of fibrinogen to red blood cells (RBCs) decreased mortality in combat casualties requiring massive transfusion. Methods: We performed a retrospective chart review of 252 patients at a U.S. Army combat support hospital who received a massive transfusion (>= 10 units of RBCs in 24 hours). The typical amount of fibrinogen within each blood product was used to calculate the fibrinogen-to-RBC (F:R) ratio transfused for each patient. Two groups of patients who received either a low (<0.2 g fibrinogen/RBC Unit) or high (>= 0.2 g fibrinogen/RBC Unit) F:R ratio were identified. Mortality rates and the cause of death were compared between these groups, and logistic regression was used to determine if the F:R ratio was independently associated with survival. Results. Two-hundred and fifty-two patients who received a massive transfusion with a mean (SD) ISS of 21 (+/- 10) and an overall mortality of 75 of 252 (30%) were included. The mean (SD) F:R ratios transfused for the low and high groups were 0.1 grams/Unit (+/- 0.06), and 0.48 grams/Unit (+/- 0.2), respectively (p < 0.001). Mortality was 27 of 52 (52%) and 48 of 200 (24%) in the low ad high F:R ratio groups respectively (p < 0.001). Additional variables associated with survival were admission temperature, systolic blood pressure, hemoglobin, International Normalized Ratio (INR), base deficit, platelet concentration and Combined Injury Severity Score (ISS). Upon logistic regression, the F:R ratio was independently associated with mortality (odds ratio 0.37, 95% confidence interval 0.171-0.812, p = 0.013). The incidence of death from hemorrhage was higher in the low F:R group, 23/27 (85%), compared to the high F:R group, 21/48 (44%) (p < 0.001). Conclusions: In patients with combat-related trauma requiring massive transfusion, the transfusion of an increased fibrinogen: RBC ratio was independently associated with improved survival to hospital discharge, primarily by decreasing death from hemorrhage. Prospective studies are needed to evaluate the best source of fibrinogen and the optimal empiric ratio of fibrinogen to RBCs in patients requiring massive transfusion. C1 [Stinger, Harry K.] USA, Inst Surg Res, BAMC, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. [Wolf, Steven E.] Univ Texas Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. [Perkins, Jeremy G.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC USA. [Hess, John R.] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [Beekley, Alec C.] Madigan Army Med Ctr, Tacoma, WA USA. RP Stinger, HK (reprint author), USA, Inst Surg Res, BAMC, Bldg 3611,3400 Rawley E Chambers Ave, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM harry.stinger@us.army.mil NR 44 TC 216 Z9 227 U1 0 U2 12 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-5282 J9 J TRAUMA JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care PD FEB PY 2008 VL 64 IS 2 SU S BP S79 EP S85 DI 10.1097/TA.0b013e318160a57b PG 7 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA 265UJ UT WOS:000253386200021 PM 18376176 ER PT J AU Weigthman, GW AF Weigthman, George W. TI Now and then: Combat casualty care policies for operation Iraqi freedom and operation enduring freedom compared with those of Vietnam - Discussion SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 [Weigthman, George W.] USA, Med Res & Mat Command, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Weigthman, GW (reprint author), USA, Med Res & Mat Command, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-5282 J9 J TRAUMA JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care PD FEB PY 2008 VL 64 IS 2 SU S BP S20 EP S20 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA 265UJ UT WOS:000253386200007 ER PT J AU Wenke, JC Murray, CK AF Wenke, Joseph C. Murray, Clinton K. TI Osteomyelitis in military personnel wounded in Iraq and Afghanistan - Discussion SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Editorial Material ID OPEN FRACTURE WOUNDS; INFECTION C1 [Wenke, Joseph C.; Murray, Clinton K.] USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Wenke, JC (reprint author), USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-5282 J9 J TRAUMA JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care PD FEB PY 2008 VL 64 IS 2 SU S BP S168 EP S168 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA 265UJ UT WOS:000253386200044 ER PT J AU Yun, HC Branstetter, JG Murray, CK AF Yun, Heather C. Branstetter, Joanna G. Murray, Clinton K. TI Osteomyelitis in military personnel wounded in Iraq and Afghanistan SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Article DE osteomyelitis; acinetobacter; military; Iraq; combat; Staphylococcus ID OPERATION ENDURING FREEDOM; ORTHOPEDIC INJURIES; COMBAT CASUALTIES; INFECTIONS; BATTLEFIELD; TRAUMA AB Background: Orthopedic injuries occurring in Operations Iraqi Freedom and Enduring Freedom (OIF/OEF) are complicated by infections with multidrug resistant bacteria. We describe demographics and microbiology of OIF/OEF casualties with primary and recurrent osteomyelitis. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was performed of OIF/OEF casualties admitted to our facility from February 1, 2003 to August 31, 2006. Electronic records were queried for demographic information, bacteria recovered, antibiotic therapies and duration, site of osteomyelitis, orthopedic devices, and outcomes. Results: There were 110 patients with 139 hospitalizations for osteomyelitis; 94 involved lower extremities, 43 involved upper extremities, and 2 involved the axial skeleton. One hundred three admissions were initial episodes whereas 36 admissions were recurrences. The median age was 27 years; 95% were men. Duration of follow-up ranged from 2 weeks to 36 months. Those patients with orthopedic devices had recurrent infections more frequently (26 vs. 5%, p < 0.01). Bacteria, antibiotics, or infection site were not predictive of recurrence. Acinetobacter spp. (76 vs. 5%, p < 0.01), Klebsiella pneumoniae (18 vs. 5%,p = 0.04), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (24 vs. 5%, p < 0.01) were more likely to be recovered during original episodes than during recurrences. Gram-positive organisms were more likely during recurrences; Staphylococcus aureus (13 vs. 53%, p < 0.01); methicillin susceptible S. aureus (5 vs. 22%, p < 0.01), methicillin resistant S. aureus (8 vs. 31 %, p < 0.01). Conclusions: The microbiology of osteomyelitis in veterans of OIF/OEF differs substantially depending upon whether the infection is new or recurrent Grain-negative pathogens predominate early, being replaced with staphylococci after treatment, despite nearly universal use of gram-positive therapy. C1 [Yun, Heather C.] Brooke Army Med Ctr, Infect Dis Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. [Yun, Heather C.; Branstetter, Joanna G.; Murray, Clinton K.] Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Yun, HC (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Infect Dis Serv, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM Heather.Yun@amedd.army.mil NR 19 TC 70 Z9 73 U1 1 U2 4 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-5282 J9 J TRAUMA JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care PD FEB PY 2008 VL 64 IS 2 SU S BP S163 EP S168 DI 10.1097/TA.0b013e318160868c PG 6 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA 265UJ UT WOS:000253386200043 PM 18376160 ER PT J AU Hooper, JW Ferro, AM Wahl-Jensen, V AF Hooper, Jay W. Ferro, Anthony M. Wahl-Jensen, Victoria TI Immune serum produced by DNA vaccination protects hamsters against lethal respiratory challenge with Andes virus SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID HANTAVIRUS PULMONARY SYNDROME; TO-PERSON TRANSMISSION; NEUTRALIZING ANTIBODY-RESPONSE; CARDIOPULMONARY SYNDROME; SOUTHERN ARGENTINA; MOLECULAR EVIDENCE; HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER; OUTBREAK; INFECTION; ELICITS AB Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS) is a highly pathogenic disease (40% case fatality rate) carried by rodents chronically infected with certain viruses within the genus Hantavirus of the family Bunyaviridae. The primary mode of transmission to humans is thought to be inhalation of excreta from infected rodents; however, ingestion of contaminated material and rodent bites are also possible modes of transmission. Person-to-person transmission of HPS caused by one species of hantavirus, Andes virus (ANDV), has been reported. Previously, we reported that ANDV injected intramuscularly causes a disease in Syrian hamsters that closely resembles HPS in humans. Here we tested whether ANDV was lethal in hamsters when it was administered by routes that more accurately model the most common routes of human infection, i.e., the subcutaneous, intranasal, and intragastric routes. We discovered that ANDV was lethal by all three routes. Remarkably, even at very low doses, ANDV was highly pathogenic when it was introduced by the mucosal routes (50% lethal dose [LD50], similar to 100 PFU). We performed passive transfer experiments to test the capacity of neutralizing antibodies to protect against lethal intranasal challenge. The neutralizing antibodies used in these experiments were produced in rabbits vaccinated by electroporation with a previously described ANDV M gene-based DNA vaccine, pWRG/AND-M. Hamsters that were administered immune serum on days -1 and +5 relative to challenge were protected against intranasal challenge (21 LD50). These findings demonstrate the utility of using the ANDV hamster model to study transmission across mucosal barriers and provide evidence that neutralizing antibodies produced by DNA vaccine technology can be used to protect against challenge by the respiratory route. C1 [Hooper, Jay W.; Ferro, Anthony M.; Wahl-Jensen, Victoria] USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Virol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Hooper, JW (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Virol, 1425 Porter St, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM jay.hooper@amedd.army.mil OI Hooper, Jay/0000-0002-4475-0415 NR 28 TC 39 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0022-538X J9 J VIROL JI J. Virol. PD FEB PY 2008 VL 82 IS 3 BP 1332 EP 1338 DI 10.1128/JVI.01822-07 PG 7 WC Virology SC Virology GA 253JH UT WOS:000252514000027 PM 18032485 ER PT J AU Cutler, JL Labadie, RF AF Cutler, Jeffrey L. Labadie, Robert F. TI Effects of Ototopical Antihistamine on Otitis Media in an Allergic Rat SO LARYNGOSCOPE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 108th Annual Meeting of the American-Academy-of-Otolaryngology-Head-and-Neck-Surgery-Foundation CY SEP 19-22, 2004 CL New York, NY SP Amer Acad Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg Fdn DE Eustachian tube dysfunction; allergic otitis; ototopical; antihistamine; rat ID MIDDLE-EAR EFFUSION; FOOD ALLERGY; NITRIC-OXIDE; ANIMAL-MODEL; ENDOTOXIN; INOCULATION; INFLUENZAE AB Objectives/Hypothesis: A reliable model of allergy has been created in the Brown Norway rat. In this model, allergen presentation to the middle ear causes functional disruption of the eustachian tube, predisposing to the development of otitis media with effusion. The purpose of this study was to study the effects of ototopical antihistamine on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced otitis media in the allergic rat model. Study Design: Prospective animal-based research study. Methods: Fifteen (n = 15) rats were made allergic via sensitization to ovalbumin (OVA) by subcutaneous injection and randomized into three groups: saline (SAL) + LPS, olopatadine (OLO) + LPS, and azelastine (AZE) + LPS. Allergic rats were transtympanically injected with OVA 24 hours prior to challenge, creating a subclinical inflammatory response in which there is no visible middle ear effusion. Thirty-five microliters of test substance (SAL + LPS, OLO + LPS, or AZE + LPS) were injected into the middle ear at 0, 2, and 4 hours. Effusion was collected at 2, 4, and 6 hours. Statistical analysis was performed on effusion volume and albumin concentration. Results: Significant increase in effusion volume with respect to time was noted for the SAL + LPS group, whereas the AZE + LPS group demonstrated a decrease. Intergroup comparison revealed a significant decrease in effusion volume at hour 6, with both AZE and OLO less than LPS alone. A significant decrease in albumin concentration over time was noted in the AZE group. Intergroup comparison revealed a significant difference in albumin concentration at hour 6, with OLO significantly lower than LPS. Conclusions: Ototopical antihistamines are effective in reducing effusion volume and albumin concentration in LPS-induced otitis media in an allergic rat model. This finding supports the hypothesis that ototopic antihistamines may prove effective in treating patients with allergy-induced eustachian tube dysfunction. C1 [Cutler, Jeffrey L.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Sect Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Labadie, Robert F.] Vanderbilt Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Otolaryngol, Nashville, TN 37232 USA. RP Cutler, JL (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Sect Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg, 6900 Georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM Jeffrey.cutler@hotmail.com NR 22 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0023-852X J9 LARYNGOSCOPE JI Laryngoscope PD FEB PY 2008 VL 118 IS 2 BP 283 EP 287 DI 10.1097/MLG.0b013e3181593deb PG 5 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental; Otorhinolaryngology SC Research & Experimental Medicine; Otorhinolaryngology GA 368ZE UT WOS:000260661500018 PM 18025947 ER PT J AU Cleveland, ZI Pavlovskaya, GE Stupic, KF Wooten, JB Repine, JE Meersmann, T AF Cleveland, Zackary I. Pavlovskaya, Galina E. Stupic, Karl F. Wooten, Jan B. Repine, John E. Meersmann, Thomas TI Detection of tobacco smoke deposition by hyperpolarized krypton-83 MRI SO MAGNETIC RESONANCE IMAGING LA English DT Article DE hyperpolarized; krypton; xenon; helium; Kr-83; Xe-129; He-3; krypton-83; xenon-129; helium-3; Kr83; Xe129; MRI; flash; tobacco smoke; tobacco tar; cigarette smoke; pulmonary; surfaces; quadrupolar; surface adsorption; airways; lungs ID NUCLEAR-MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; HUMAN RESPIRATORY-TRACT; CHANGING EPIDEMIOLOGY; NMR-SPECTROSCOPY; LUNG-CANCER; NOBLE-GASES; XE-129; CIGARETTE; RELAXATION; POLARIZATION AB Despite the importance of the tobacco smoke particulate matter in the lungs to the etiology of pulmonary disease in cigarette smokers, little is currently known about the spatial distribution of particle deposition or the persistence of the resulting deposits in humans, and no satisfactory technique currently exists to directly observe tobacco smoke condensate in airways. In this proof-of-principle work, hyperpolarized (hp) Kr-83 MRI and NMR spectroscopy are introduced as probes for tobacco smoke deposition in porous media. A reduction in the hp-Kr-83 longitudinal (T-1) relaxation of up to 95% under near-ambient humidity, pressure and temperature conditions was observed when the krypton gas was brought into contact with surfaces that had been exposed to cigarette smoke. This smoke-induced acceleration of the Kr-83 self-relaxation was observed for model glass surfaces that, in some experiments, were coated with bovine lung surfactant extract. However, a similar effect was not observed with hp-Xe-129 indicating that the Kr-83 sensitivity to smoke deposition was not caused by paramagnetic species but rather by quadrupolar relaxation due to high adsorption affinity for the smoke deposits. The Kr-83 T-1 differences between smoke-treated and untreated surfaces were sufficient to produce a strong contrast in variable flip angle FLASH hp-Kr-83 MRI, suggesting that hp-Kr-83 may be a promising contrast agent for in vivo pulmonary MRI. (C) 2008 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Cleveland, Zackary I.; Pavlovskaya, Galina E.; Stupic, Karl F.; Meersmann, Thomas] Colorado State Univ, Dept Chem, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. [Wooten, Jan B.] USA, Res Ctr, Phillip Morris Inc, Richmond, VA 23261 USA. [Stupic, Karl F.; Repine, John E.] Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Webb Waring Inst Canc, Denver, CO 80262 USA. RP Meersmann, T (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Chem, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. EM meer@magneticresonance.us OI Pavlovskaya, Galina/0000-0003-4352-3269 NR 43 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0730-725X J9 MAGN RESON IMAGING JI Magn. Reson. Imaging PD FEB PY 2008 VL 26 IS 2 BP 270 EP 278 DI 10.1016/j.mri.2007.06.009 PG 9 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 263OF UT WOS:000253225700015 PM 17826938 ER PT J AU Ramos, MF Obando, RG Suarez, MF Lopez, D Wilkerson, R Sallum, MAM AF Ramos, Mayury Fajardo Obando, Ranulfo Gonzalez Suarez, Marco Fidel Lopez, David Wilkerson, Richard Mureb Sallum, Maria Anice TI Morphological analysis of three populations of Anopheles (Nyssorhynchus) nuneztovari Gabaldon (Diptera : Culicidae) from Colombia SO MEMORIAS DO INSTITUTO OSWALDO CRUZ LA English DT Article DE intraspecific variation; Anopheles nuneztovari; malaria vectors; taxonomy; Colombia ID MALARIA TRANSMISSION; DNA ANALYSIS; BRAZIL; WESTERN AB Based on the results of comparative analyses of 1,039 specimens of several progenies of Anopheles nuneztovari from three localities in Colombia, eight costal wing spot patterns were observed. Patterns I and III were the most frequent: 77.96% and 11.36%, respectively. Using the diagnostic characters ratio of the length of the basal dark area of hind tarsomere II/length of hind tarsomere II, ratio of the length of the humeral pale spot/length of the pre- humeral dark spot, and the ratio of the length of the subcostal pale spot/length of the distal sector dark spot ( DS- III2/Ta-III2, HP/PHD, SCP/DSD) approximately 5% of the adult females were misidentified as a species of Nyssorhynchus, different from An. nuneztovari. Approximately 5% of the specimens showed DS- III2/Ta-III2 ratio less than 0.25 ( range 0.21 - 0.24), and among them 3.34% shared a HP/PHD ratio less than 1.50. Consequently, 1.52% of An. nuneztovari individuals can be misidentified as Anopheles oswaldoi. In those specimens with the DS- III2/Ta-III2 ratios higher than 0.25, 34.45% displayed SCP/DSD values greater than 0.50 and of these, 3.65% displayed HP/PHD values greater than 1.8. This combination of characters could lead one to misidentify samples of An. nuneztovari as Anopheles rangeli. Similarly, 2.43% of the females could be identified erroneously as either Anopheles aquasalis or Anopheles benarrochi. Individuals with a HP/PHD ratio greater than 2.0, could be misidentified as Anopheles trinkae, Anopheles strodei or Anopheles evansae. A distinct combination of diagnostic characters for An. nuneztovari from Colombia is proposed. C1 [Ramos, Mayury Fajardo; Obando, Ranulfo Gonzalez; Suarez, Marco Fidel; Lopez, David] Univ Valle, Fac Ciencias Exactas & Nat, Cali 25623, Colombia. [Ramos, Mayury Fajardo; Obando, Ranulfo Gonzalez; Suarez, Marco Fidel; Lopez, David] Univ Valle, Fac Salud, Cali 25623, Colombia. [Wilkerson, Richard] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Entomol, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Mureb Sallum, Maria Anice] Univ Sao Paulo, Fac Saude Publ, Dept Epidemiol, BR-05508 Sao Paulo, Brazil. RP Obando, RG (reprint author), Univ Valle, Fac Ciencias Exactas & Nat, Cali 25623, Colombia. EM ranulfo@univalle.edu.co RI Sallum, Maria/B-8537-2012 NR 23 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU FUNDACO OSWALDO CRUZ PI RIO DE JANEIRO, RJ PA AV BRASIL 4365, 21045-900 RIO DE JANEIRO, RJ, BRAZIL SN 0074-0276 EI 1678-8060 J9 MEM I OSWALDO CRUZ JI Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz PD FEB PY 2008 VL 103 IS 1 BP 85 EP 92 PG 8 WC Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA 279WY UT WOS:000254387100013 ER PT J AU Cote, CK Bozue, J Moody, KL DiMezzo, TL Chapman, CE Welkos, SL AF Cote, C. K. Bozue, J. Moody, K. L. DiMezzo, T. L. Chapman, C. E. Welkos, S. L. TI Analysis of a novel spore antigen in Bacillus anthracis that contributes to spore opsonization SO MICROBIOLOGY-SGM LA English DT Article ID IMMUNODOMINANT PROTEIN; PROTECTIVE ANTIGEN; PASSIVE PROTECTION; GENOME SEQUENCE; INNER MEMBRANE; GUINEA-PIGS; VACCINE; SUBTILIS; IDENTIFICATION; EXOSPORIUM AB The significance of Bacillus anthracis as an agent of bioterrorism has been well established. An understanding of both the pathogenesis and the host response is required to elucidate approaches to more rapidly detect and effectively prevent or treat anthrax. Current vaccine strategies are focused primarily on production of antibodies against the protective antigen components of the anthrax toxins, which are secreted by the bacilli. A better understanding of the dynamic morphology of the dormant and germinating spore and its interaction with the host immune system could be important in developing an optimally efficacious anthrax vaccine. A spore-associated protein was identified that was specific to the Bacillus cereus group of bacteria and referred to as spore opsonization-associated antigen A (SoaA). Immuno-electron microscopy localized this protein to the area of the cortex beneath the coat of the dormant spore. Although our data suggested that SoaA was found below the coat layers of the ungerminated spore, SoaA was involved in the interaction of spores with macrophages shortly after infection. To investigate further the specific properties of the SoaA protein, the soaA gene was inactivated in the B. anthracis Ames strain. The SoaA protein in the Ames strain of B. anthracis increased the phagocytic uptake of the spores in the presence of anti-spore antibodies. Unlike the wild-type strain, the mutant soaA:: Kan strain was not readily opsonized by anti-spore antibodies. While the mutant spores retained characteristic resistance properties in vitro and virulence in vivo, the soaA:: Kan mutant strain was significantly less suited for survival in vivo when competed against the wild-type Ames strain. C1 [Cote, C. K.; Bozue, J.; Moody, K. L.; DiMezzo, T. L.; Chapman, C. E.; Welkos, S. L.] USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Bacteriol Div, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. RP Welkos, SL (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Bacteriol Div, 1425 Porter St, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. EM susan.welkos@amedd.army.mil NR 64 TC 22 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 2 PU SOC GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY PI READING PA MARLBOROUGH HOUSE, BASINGSTOKE RD, SPENCERS WOODS, READING RG7 1AG, BERKS, ENGLAND SN 1350-0872 J9 MICROBIOL-SGM JI Microbiology-(UK) PD FEB PY 2008 VL 154 BP 619 EP 632 DI 10.1099/mic.0.2007/008292-0 PN 2 PG 14 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 273KB UT WOS:000253927800027 PM 18227265 ER PT J AU Mancuso, JD Price, EO West, DF AF Mancuso, James D. Price, E. Owen West, David F. TI The emerging role of preventive medicine in health diplomacy after the 2005 earthquake in Pakistan SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID HUMANITARIAN ASSISTANCE; EXPERIENCE; INDONESIA; LESSONS; PROGRAM AB On October 22, 2005, a preventive medicine team deployed with the 212th Mobile Army Surgical Hospital to assist with earthquake relief efforts in Pakistani-controlled Kashmir. These efforts included core field preventive medicine but quickly extended into other efforts. In collaboration with the host nation and other organizations, the preventive medicine team performed additional support for operations outside the U.S. compound, including water and sanitation assessments of camps for internally displaced persons, communicable disease investigation and control, and vaccination programs. Preventive medicine personnel were vital to health diplomacy efforts in this operation, particularly because of security concerns that prevented other U.S. medical assets from leaving the compound. Comparisons with the U.S. responses during other humanitarian operations are made. Preventive medicine missions in health diplomacy will continue to increase. Training and collaborative relationships with other government agencies, such as the U.S. Agency for International Development, and with nongovernmental organizations should continue to be developed. C1 [Mancuso, James D.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Price, E. Owen; West, David F.] USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med Europe, CMR 402, APO, AE 09180 USA. RP Mancuso, JD (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. NR 26 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 6 PU ASSOC MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD FEB PY 2008 VL 173 IS 2 BP 113 EP 118 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 261ZI UT WOS:000253118100002 PM 18333485 ER PT J AU Sullenberger, L Gentlesk, PJ AF Sullenberger, Lance Gentlesk, Philip J. TI Cardiovascular disease in a forward military hospital during operation Iraqi freedom: A report from deployed cardiologists SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID CHEST PAIN; EMERGENCY AB Background: No published data are available regarding cardiac evaluations in a forward military hospital setting. Methods: Two cardiologists deployed in support of Operation Iraqi Freedom identified all of their cardiac evaluations. Patient demographic data, evaluations performed, outcomes, and return-to-duty rates were determined. Results: Four hundred sixty-nine predominantly male patients were evaluated, with a mean age of 39 +/- 10 years. The most common reasons for referral were ischemic evaluation (n = 283), arrhythmia/palpitations (n = 83), and syncope (n = 57). Of those referred with ischemia, the mean Framingham 10-year event risk calculated was low at 5.3 +/- 3.1%; 86% of military patient evaluations revealed no identifiable cardiovascular pathological condition, and patients were returned to duty. Conclusions: Cardiology support, with the availability of echocardiography and stress testing in the theater of operations, was able to provide cardiovascular consultative evaluations and management and to reduce rates of medical evacuations out of the theater of operations. C1 [Sullenberger, Lance] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Cardiol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Gentlesk, Philip J.] Brooke Army Med Ctr, Cardiol Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Sullenberger, L (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Cardiol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 10 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSOC MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD FEB PY 2008 VL 173 IS 2 BP 193 EP 197 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 261ZI UT WOS:000253118100014 PM 18333497 ER PT J AU De Lorenzo, RA AF De Lorenzo, Robert A. TI San Antonio military medical center integration: A case study in organizational leadership design SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article AB The Defense Base Closure and Realignment Commission law of 2005 established a combined Army-Air Force medical center in San Antonio, Texas. The new facility is named the San Antonio Military Medical Center. This planned integration of two facilities would result in the downsizing of Wilford Hall Medical Center to a clinic and expansion of the nearby Brooke Army Medical Center to encompass all inpatient care. As part of the integration, the emergency services of both hospitals, to include the emergency departments, would merge under single leadership. As part of this case study, the proposed future organizational design is examined. Real and potential barriers to change are also indentified and possible solutions are explored. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, MCHE CI, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP De Lorenzo, RA (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, MCHE CI, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 22 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASSOC MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD FEB PY 2008 VL 173 IS 2 BP 203 EP 209 PG 7 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 261ZI UT WOS:000253118100016 PM 18333499 ER PT J AU Furusato, B Gao, CL Ravindranath, L Chen, YM Cullen, J McLeod, DG Dobi, A Srivastava, S Petrovics, G Sesterhenn, IA AF Furusato, Bungo Gao, Chun-Ling Ravindranath, Lakshmi Chen, Yongmei Cullen, Jennifer McLeod, David G. Dobi, Albert Srivastava, Shiv Petrovics, Gyorgy Sesterhenn, Isabell A. TI Mapping of TMPRSS2-ERG fusions in the context of multi-focal prostate cancer SO MODERN PATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE multi-focal; prostate cancer; TMPRSS2; ERG; gene fusion ID GENE FUSION; INTRAEPITHELIAL NEOPLASIA; MORPHOLOGICAL FEATURES; TRANSITION ZONE; ETS FAMILY; ADENOCARCINOMA; TRANSCRIPTS; STAGE; OVEREXPRESSION; REARRANGEMENTS AB TMPRSS2-ERG gene fusion leading to the androgenic induction of the ERG proto-oncogene expression is a highly prevalent oncogenic alteration in prostate tumor cells. Prostate cancer is a multi-focal disease, and the origins as well as biological contribution of multiple cancer foci remain unclear with respect to prostate cancer onset or progression. To assess the role of TMPRSS2-ERG alteration in prostate cancer onset and/or progression, we have evaluated the status of fusion transcripts in benign glands, prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN) and multiple cancer foci of each prostate. Quantitative expression of TMPRSS2-ERG fusion type A and C transcripts was analyzed in benign, tumor and PIN areas, selected from whole-mount radical prostatectomy slides. TMPRSS2-ERG expression was correlated with clinicopathological features. Overall, 30 of 45 (67%) patients exhibited TMPRSS2-ERG fusion transcripts in at least one tumor focus. Of 80 tumor foci analyzed, 39 had TMPRSS2-ERG fusion (type A only: 30, type C only: 2, both types A and C: 7), with predominant detection of the TMPRSS2-ERG fusion type A (27/30, 90%) in the index tumors. Of 14 PIN lesions, 2 were positive for type A fusion. Frequent presence of the TMPRSS2-ERG in index tumors suggests critical roles of ERG alterations in the onset and progression of a large subset of prostate cancer. However, heterogeneity of the TMPRSS2-ERG detection in the context of multiple cancer foci and its frequency in PIN also support the role of other genomic alterations in the origins of prostate cancer. C1 [Furusato, Bungo; Sesterhenn, Isabell A.] Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Dept Genitourinary Pathol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Furusato, Bungo; Gao, Chun-Ling; Ravindranath, Lakshmi; Chen, Yongmei; Cullen, Jennifer; McLeod, David G.; Dobi, Albert; Srivastava, Shiv; Petrovics, Gyorgy] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Surg, US Mil Canc Inst, Ctr Prostate Dis Res, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [McLeod, David G.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Urol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Sesterhenn, IA (reprint author), Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Dept Genitourinary Pathol, 6825 16th St NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM sesterhe@afip.osd.mil OI Furusato, Bungo/0000-0003-4614-9882 FU NIDDK NIH HHS [R01 DK 065977] NR 43 TC 80 Z9 83 U1 0 U2 1 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK STREET, 9TH FLOOR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 0893-3952 J9 MODERN PATHOL JI Mod. Pathol. PD FEB PY 2008 VL 21 IS 2 BP 67 EP 75 DI 10.1038/modpathol.3800981 PG 9 WC Pathology SC Pathology GA 255MU UT WOS:000252662900001 PM 18065961 ER PT J AU King, WR Marks, PV AF King, William R. Marks, Peter V., Jr. TI Motivating knowledge sharing through a knowledge management system SO OMEGA-INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MANAGEMENT SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE knowledge sharing; perceived organizational support; supervisory control; knowledge management systems; motivation; effectiveness ID PERCEIVED ORGANIZATIONAL SUPPORT; INFORMATION-TECHNOLOGY; CITIZENSHIP BEHAVIOR; USER ACCEPTANCE; SOCIAL DILEMMAS; DYNAMIC THEORY; FIRM; PERFORMANCE; COMMITMENT; WORK AB Based on both economic and sociological theory, the effects of supervisory control and organizational support on the frequency and effort of individuals in contributing their personally held valuable knowledge to a "best practices-lessons learned, repository-based" knowledge management system (KMS) were compared. Supervisory control, as expected, had significant impact on frequency, but it also had unexpectedly significant influence on effort. When system variables-usefulness and ease of use-were controlled for, the organizational support measure had little effect on either outcome. These results provide greater support for economic-agency-theory motivators of knowledge sharing and lesser support for organizational support motivators than has been previously believed. They also emphasize the important impact of systems variables in motivating KMS use. Since the study was conducted in a government (joint civilian-military) organization, the organizational type may significantly influence the results. However, since the result is contrary to the conventional wisdom that suggests that a "knowledge-sharing culture" is all-important, at the very least, this study shows that the nature of the organization may moderate the relationship between the motivational approach and the outcomes. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Pittsburgh, Katz Grad Sch Business, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. USA, Dept Med, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. RP King, WR (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Katz Grad Sch Business, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. EM billking@katz.pitt.edu; Pete-marks@us.army.mil RI Wang, Charles/B-5565-2011 OI Wang, Charles/0000-0001-9331-8437 NR 92 TC 59 Z9 62 U1 9 U2 69 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0305-0483 J9 OMEGA-INT J MANAGE S JI Omega-Int. J. Manage. Sci. PD FEB PY 2008 VL 36 IS 1 BP 131 EP 146 DI 10.1016/j.omega.2005.10.006 PG 16 WC Management; Operations Research & Management Science SC Business & Economics; Operations Research & Management Science GA 220WU UT WOS:000250188800011 ER PT J AU Thach, AB Johnson, AJ Carroll, RB Huchun, A Ainbinder, DJ Stutzman, RD Blaydon, SM DeMartelaere, SL Mader, TH Slade, CS George, RK Ritchey, JP Barnes, SD Fannin, LA AF Thach, Allen B. Johnson, Anthony J. Carroll, Robert B. Huchun, Ava Ainbinder, Darryl J. Stutzman, Richard D. Blaydon, Sean M. DeMartelaere, Sheri L. Mader, Thomas H. Slade, Clifton S. George, Roger K. Ritchey, John P. Barnes, Scott D. Fannin, Lilia A. TI Severe eye injuries in the war in Iraq, 2003-2005 SO OPHTHALMOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 110th Annual Meeting of the American-Academy-of-Ophthalmology CY NOV 11-14, 2006 CL Las Vegas, NV SP Amer Acad Ophthalmol ID DESERT-SHIELD; LEBANON WAR; PROTECTION; MANAGEMENT; CASUALTIES; STORM AB Purpose: To document the incidence and treatment of patients with severe ocular and ocular adnexal injuries during Operation Iraqi Freedom. Design: Retrospective hospital-based observational analysis of injuries. Participants: All coalition forces, enemy prisoners of war, and civilians with severe ocular and ocular adnexal injuries. Methods: The authors retrospectively examined severe ocular and ocular adnexal injuries that were treated by United States Army ophthalmologists during the war in Iraq from March 2003 through December 2005. Main Outcome Measures: Incidence, causes, and treatment of severe ocular and ocular adnexal injuries. Results: During the time data were gathered, 797 severe eye injuries were treated. The most common cause of the eye injuries was explosions with fragmentation injury. Among those injured, there were 438 open globe injuries, of which 49 were bilateral. A total of 116 eyes were removed (enucleation, evisceration, or exenteration), of which 6 patients required bilateral enucleation. Injuries to other body systems were common. Conclusions: Severe eye injuries represent a significant form of trauma encountered in Operation Iraqi Freedom. These injuries were most commonly caused by explosion trauma. C1 [Thach, Allen B.; Blaydon, Sean M.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Johnson, Anthony J.; Blaydon, Sean M.; DeMartelaere, Sheri L.] Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. [Carroll, Robert B.; Barnes, Scott D.] Womack Army Med Ctr, Ft Bragg, NC USA. [Huchun, Ava] Keller Army Hosp, West Point, NY USA. [Ainbinder, Darryl J.; George, Roger K.] Madigan Army Med Ctr, Ft Lewis, WA USA. [Stutzman, Richard D.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Blaydon, Sean M.] Texas Oculoplast Consultants, Austin, TX USA. [Mader, Thomas H.] Alaska Native Med Ctr, Anchorage, AK USA. [Slade, Clifton S.] Evans Army Hosp, Ft Carson, CO USA. [Ritchey, John P.] New Horizons Surg Eye Ctr, Fayetteville, AR USA. [Thach, Allen B.] Retina Consultants Nevada, Las Vegas, NV 89144 USA. RP Thach, AB (reprint author), Retina Consultants Nevada, 653 N Town Ctr Dr,Suite 518, Las Vegas, NV 89144 USA. NR 43 TC 42 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0161-6420 J9 OPHTHALMOLOGY JI Ophthalmology PD FEB PY 2008 VL 115 IS 2 BP 377 EP 382 DI 10.1016/j.ophtha.2007.04.032 PG 6 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA 258AJ UT WOS:000252840500024 PM 17904224 ER PT J AU Gaunaurd, GC Nguyen, LH AF Gaunaurd, Guillermo C. Nguyen, Lam H. TI Impact of rain on radar transmittance through building walls SO OPTICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE radar; sensing-through-walls; rain; multilayers; transmittance; reflectance; permittivity ID RADOMES AB We study and exactly evaluate the transmittance of microwave energy-below S-band-that goes through thick building walls covered by an external thin layer of rain. The incident radiation penetrates the wet walls at normal incidence, twice in their back-and-forth paths typical of sensing-through-the-wall (STTW) operations. The walls are responsible for most of the loss through the structure in view of their greater thickness, but the water layer contribution is significant, and it is quantitatively evaluated here. The properties of the water layer are expressed in terms of Debye's classical formulation, and those of the walls are obtained from available measurements. A simple homogenization technique is used to generate an "effective permittivity" of the double layer to be able to alternatively treat it as a single equivalent layer-an approximation to the exact values, which yields acceptable results. It is also found that the transmittance T and the reflectance R of a single and double layer could also be expressed in alternative and apparently novel forms that may simplify future calculations. Further, if either R or T were known as well as the layer(s) properties, then either one could be used to obtain the other. Finally, representative plots are displayed, quantitatively showing the (two-way) transmittance degradation that occurs when there is a rain layer on top of the various considered wall materials, and we explain a resonance effect observable in the transmittance plots that shows an oscillatory frequency behavior. (c) 2008 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers. C1 [Gaunaurd, Guillermo C.; Nguyen, Lam H.] Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Gaunaurd, GC (reprint author), Army Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM GGaunaurd@arl.amy.mil NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-SOC PHOTOPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA SN 0091-3286 J9 OPT ENG JI Opt. Eng. PD FEB PY 2008 VL 47 IS 2 AR 026201 DI 10.1117/1.2857452 PG 8 WC Optics SC Optics GA 281TV UT WOS:000254522700033 ER PT J AU Saeung, A Baimai, V Otsuka, Y Rattanarithikul, R Somboon, P Junkum, A Tuetun, B Takaoka, H Choochote, W AF Saeung, Atiporn Baimai, Visut Otsuka, Yasushi Rattanarithikul, Rampa Somboon, Pradya Junkum, Anuluck Tuetun, Benjawan Takaoka, Hiroyuki Choochote, Wej TI Molecular and cytogenetic evidence of three sibling species of the Anopheles barbirostris Form A (Diptera : Culicidae) in Thailand SO PARASITOLOGY RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID SEQUENCE ALIGNMENT; COMPLEX; MINIMUS; HYBRIDIZATION; CHROMOSOMES; MEMBERS AB Nine isoline colonies of Anopheles barbirostris Form A, derived from individual isofemale lines from Chiang Mai, Phetchaburi, and Kanchanaburi, were established in our insectary at Chiang Mai University. All isolines shared the same mitotic karyotype (X-1, X-2, Y-1). Molecular analysis of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) sequences and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) products of ITS2, COI, and COII regions revealed three distinct groups: A1 (Chiang Mai), A2 (Phetchaburi), and A3 (Kanchanaburi). Crossing experiments among the three groups exhibited strong reproductive isolation, producing low and/or non-hatched eggs, and inviable and/or abnormal development of the reproductive system of F-1-progenies. Asynaptic regions along the five polytene chromosome arms of F-1-hybrid larvae clearly supported the existence of three sibling species within A. barbirostris Form A, provisionally named species A1, A2, and A3. C1 [Saeung, Atiporn; Somboon, Pradya; Junkum, Anuluck; Tuetun, Benjawan; Choochote, Wej] Chiang Mai Univ, Fac Med, Dept Parasitol, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand. [Baimai, Visut] Mahidol Univ, Fac Sci, Dept Biol, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. [Baimai, Visut] Chiang Mai Univ, Fac Med, Ctr Vectors & Vector Borne Dis, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand. [Otsuka, Yasushi; Takaoka, Hiroyuki] Oita Univ, Fac Med, Dept Infect Dis Control, Oita 8795593, Japan. [Rattanarithikul, Rampa] Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, USA Med Component, Dept Entomol, Bangkok, Thailand. RP Choochote, W (reprint author), Chiang Mai Univ, Fac Med, Dept Parasitol, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand. EM wchoocho@mail.med.cmu.ac.th RI Takaoka, Hiroyuki/G-6120-2010; OI Tuetun, Benjawan/0000-0002-5522-3792 NR 34 TC 27 Z9 29 U1 0 U2 4 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0932-0113 EI 1432-1955 J9 PARASITOL RES JI Parasitol. Res. PD FEB PY 2008 VL 102 IS 3 BP 499 EP 507 DI 10.1007/s00436-007-0788-0 PG 9 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA 255RT UT WOS:000252675800020 PM 18038149 ER PT J AU Burnett, MW Spinella, PC Azarow, KS Callahan, CW AF Burnett, Mark W. Spinella, Philip C. Azarow, Kenneth S. Callahan, Charles W. TI Pediatric care as part of the US Army medical mission in the global war on terrorism in Afghanistan and Iraq, December 2001 to December 2004 SO PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article DE combat; war; trauma; pediatric ID EXPERIENCE; TRAUMA AB OBJECTIVE. Our objective in this report was to describe the epidemiologic features of and workload associated with pediatric admissions to 12 US Army military hospitals deployed to Iraq and Afghanistan. METHODS. The Patient Administration Systems and Biostatistics Activity database was queried for all local national patients < 18 years of age who were admitted to deployed Army hospitals in Afghanistan and Iraq between December 2001 and December 2004. RESULTS. Pediatric admissions during the study period were 1012 (4.2%) of 24 227 admissions, occupying 10% of all bed-days. The median length of stay was 4 days (interquartile range: 1-8 days). The largest proportion of children were 11 to 17 years of age (332 of 757 children; 44%), although 45 (6%) of 757 children hospitalized were < 1 year of age. The majority (63%) of pediatric patients admitted required either general surgical or orthopedic procedures. The in-hospital mortality rate for all pediatric patients was 59 (5.8%) of 1012 patients, compared with 274 (4.5%) of 6077 patients for all adult non-US coalition patients. CONCLUSIONS. Pediatric patients with injuries threatening life, limb, or eyesight are part of the primary responsibility of military medical facilities during combat and have accounted for a significant number of admissions and hospital bed-days in deployed Army hospitals in Afghanistan and Iraq. Military medical planners must continue to improve pediatric medical support, including personnel, equipment, and medications that are necessary to treat children injured during combat operations, as well as those for whom the existing host nation medical infrastructure is unable to provide care. C1 [Burnett, Mark W.] Task Force 137 Phys, Camp Taji, Iraq. [Spinella, Philip C.] Connecticut Childrens Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Hartford, CT USA. [Azarow, Kenneth S.] Madigan Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Ft Lewis, WA USA. [Callahan, Charles W.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Burnett, MW (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, 1 Jarrett White Rd, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. EM mark.w.burnett@us.army.mil NR 20 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ACAD PEDIATRICS PI ELK GROVE VILLAGE PA 141 NORTH-WEST POINT BLVD,, ELK GROVE VILLAGE, IL 60007-1098 USA SN 0031-4005 J9 PEDIATRICS JI Pediatrics PD FEB PY 2008 VL 121 IS 2 BP 261 EP 265 DI 10.1542/peds.2006-3666 PG 5 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 258OQ UT WOS:000252877600005 PM 18245416 ER PT J AU Gibson, BR Suh, R Tilson, H AF Gibson, Brent R. Suh, Ryung Tilson, Hugh TI The US drug safety system: role of the pharmaceutical industry SO PHARMACOEPIDEMIOLOGY AND DRUG SAFETY LA English DT Review DE pharmacovigilance; pharmacoepidemiology; drug safety; pharmaceutical industry; biotechnology industry; Institute of Medicine AB Purpose Despite increasingly strident calls for improved drug safety in the United States, recent events underscore the continuing gap among manufacturers, regulators, patients, and physicians. In the period leading to the recent Institute of Medicine report on the future of drug safety, representatives from industry were given an opportunity to provide input into this report. In light of continuing concerns about drug safety and pending legislation, this original perspective provides an important context. Methods This work consolidates the views of representatives of individual pharmaceutical companies; the large industry trade associations, the Pharmaceutical Researchers and Manufacturers of America (PhRMA) and the Biotechnology Industry Association (BIO); and those of the authors with regard to the industry role of drug safety in the United States. Results To ensure continued protection of the public's health, manufacturers must recognize themselves as critical to ensuring safe products; maintain corporate safety functions separate from marketing functions; provide oversight by a senior medical executive; engage in structured epidemiological research, risk assessment, and risk communication; and mandate the formation and maintenance of an internal, interdisciplinary, senior level safety council. Conclusions The importance of aggressive and accountable drug safety will only become more salient as the public and their elected representatives demand better accountability from industry. Individual corporations now have the opportunity to move first to counter perceptions of profit over safety and to ensure that their business practices adequately protect the public's health. Copyright (C) 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [Gibson, Brent R.] USA, Med Dept Ctr & Sch, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. [Suh, Ryung] Def Threat Reduct Agcy, Ft Sam Houston, TX USA. [Tilson, Hugh] UNC Sch Publ Hlth, Chapel Hill, NC USA. RP Gibson, BR (reprint author), USA, Med Dept Ctr & Sch, 2250 Stanley Rd,Bldg 284,Rm 3506, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM brgibson@satx.rr.com NR 14 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 2 U2 4 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 1053-8569 J9 PHARMACOEPIDEM DR S JI Pharmacoepidemiol. Drug Saf. PD FEB PY 2008 VL 17 IS 2 BP 110 EP 114 DI 10.1002/pds.1467 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 266LU UT WOS:000253437800003 PM 17724741 ER PT J AU Farmer, JW Cowan, DL Kornecki, M AF Farmer, J. W. Cowan, D. L. Kornecki, M. TI Collective pinning model of the mixed state in YBa(2)Cu(3)O(7-delta): Critical currents and flux creep SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID HIGH-TEMPERATURE SUPERCONDUCTORS; MAGNETIC-RELAXATION; II SUPERCONDUCTORS; CRYSTALS; YBA2CU3O6.95; PHYSICS; DEPENDENCE; DEFECTS; DENSITY; LATTICE AB Magnetic hysteresis and flux creep measurements in single crystal samples of YBa(2)Cu(3)O(7-delta) (YBCO) are presented for a wide range of B,T phase space. Some of these samples can be described as weakly or collectively pinned. For these, over a large portion of this phase space, the flux creep can be described in terms of thermally activated single-fluxoid motion. A simple model based on maximizing the pinning energy of a fluxoid segment provides a good, semiquantitative picture of the low-temperature data, where the experimentally measured critical current density j is proportional to 1/T and the activation barrier height is proportional to j(-mu), where mu=1. In this model individual fluxoids are pinned by stochastic fluctuations in defect concentration, and are driven over the pinning barriers by critical currents and thermal activation. Incorporating flux lattice elasticity into this simple model leads to new predictions for the low-temperature data and allows the simple model to be extended to higher temperature. There are two distinct effects, both of which can be put in the form of effective current densities. One effective current density j(s) arises from direct fluxoid-fluxoid repulsion, and the second effective current density j(r) arises from fluxoid relaxation. In YBCO at 7 K and 2 T, where the measured critical current density is j=8.9x10(9) A/m(2), we find j(s)=0.57x10(9) A/m(2) (6%) and j(r)=-2.1x10(9) A/m(2) (-20%). We present a discussion of their origin that leads to plausible temperature and field dependences. The model accounts for the rapid drop of j(T) with increasing temperature, the peak effect in j(B) at high temperature, and the temperature and field dependence of the "critical exponent" mu. Thermal fluxoid vibrations play an important role in the pinning, and we find effects consistent with calculations in the literature. The model postulates that fluxoid motion takes place by hopping in segments on a characteristic length scale l(model). In the model we find l(model)=104 nm at 7 K and 2 T. A completely independent measurement from the creep-derived four-volume VX yields a length l(VX)=102 +/- 5 nm at the same temperature and field. Excellent agreement between the two independently determined lengths persists over a wide range of temperatures. A failure of these two lengths to agree marks the boundary for single-fluxoid hopping, and we present a diagram of the pinning regimes in B,T phase space. From the measured prefactor of thermally activated creep at 10 K and 2 K we infer a value for the attempt frequency f(a)=8.5x10(10) s(-1). This value is in reasonable agreement with a published theoretical calculation of the relaxation frequency for overdamped fluxoids in an Abrikosov lattice. Finally, based on these data we estimate the mass per unit length of a YBCO fluxoid segment, and compare our result with Suhl's theory to obtain a quasiparticle effective mass of 30 free electron masses. C1 [Farmer, J. W.; Cowan, D. L.] Univ Missouri, Res Reactor, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Farmer, J. W.; Cowan, D. L.] Univ Missouri, Dept Phys, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. [Kornecki, M.] USA, Res Lab, Weap & Mat Res, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21006 USA. [Kornecki, M.] Oak Ridge Associated Univ, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. RP Farmer, JW (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Res Reactor, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. NR 40 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 3 U2 11 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD FEB PY 2008 VL 77 IS 5 AR 054514 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.77.054514 PG 11 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 271BN UT WOS:000253764000098 ER PT J AU Brandt, HE AF Brandt, Howard E. TI Untitled SO QUANTUM INFORMATION PROCESSING LA English DT Editorial Material C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD USA. RP Brandt, HE (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD USA. EM hbrandt@arl.army.mil NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1570-0755 J9 QUANTUM INF PROCESS JI Quantum Inf. Process. PD FEB PY 2008 VL 7 IS 1 BP 1 EP 2 DI 10.1007/s11128-008-0072-y PG 2 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 296VF UT WOS:000255573200001 ER PT J AU Browne, H McCarthy-Keith, D Stegmann, B Armstrong, A AF Browne, Hyacinth McCarthy-Keith, Desiree Stegmann, Barbara Armstrong, Alicia TI Ovarian response in patients undergoing ovarian stimulation after myomectomy. SO REPRODUCTIVE SCIENCES LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 55th Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Gynecologic-Investigation CY MAR 26-29, 2008 CL San Diego, CA SP Soc Gynecol Invest C1 [Browne, Hyacinth; McCarthy-Keith, Desiree; Stegmann, Barbara; Armstrong, Alicia] NIH, NICHD, Reprod Biol & Med Branch, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Browne, Hyacinth; McCarthy-Keith, Desiree; Stegmann, Barbara; Armstrong, Alicia] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Reprod Endocrinol & Infertil, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 1933-7191 J9 REPROD SCI JI Reprod. Sci. PD FEB PY 2008 VL 15 IS 2 SU S MA 636 BP 239A EP 240A PG 2 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology GA 268LP UT WOS:000253581600638 ER PT J AU Yauger, BJ Henne, MB Armstrong, AY Chason, R Stegmann, BJ Queenan, JT Segars, JH AF Yauger, Belinda J. Henne, Melinda B. Armstrong, Alicia Y. Chason, Rebecca Stegmann, Barbara J. Queenan, John T. Segars, James H. TI Cost analysis of outpatient management of OHSS via paracentesis: 'Tap early and often' versus hospitalization. SO REPRODUCTIVE SCIENCES LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 55th Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Gynecologic-Investigation CY MAR 26-29, 2008 CL San Diego, CA SP Soc Gynecol Invest C1 [Yauger, Belinda J.; Henne, Melinda B.; Armstrong, Alicia Y.; Chason, Rebecca; Stegmann, Barbara J.; Segars, James H.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Yauger, Belinda J.; Armstrong, Alicia Y.; Stegmann, Barbara J.; Segars, James H.] NIH, NICHD, Reprod Biol & Med Branch, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Queenan, John T.] Univ Rochester, Med Ctr, Rochester, NY USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 1933-7191 J9 REPROD SCI JI Reprod. Sci. PD FEB PY 2008 VL 15 IS 2 SU S MA 634 BP 239A EP 239A PG 1 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology GA 268LP UT WOS:000253581600636 ER PT J AU Nestler, JM Goodwin, RA Smith, DL Anderson, JJ Li, S AF Nestler, J. M. Goodwin, R. A. Smith, D. L. Anderson, J. J. Li, S. TI Optimum fish passage and guidance designs are based in the hydrogeomorphology of natural rivers SO RIVER RESEARCH AND APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE juvenile salmon; bydrogeomorphology; fish passage; fish bypass; fish guidance; spatial velocity gradients; hydraulic design criteria; fish behaviour; fish migration; SVP Hypothesis ID HYDRAULIC FLOW SIMULATION; AGENT METHOD ELAM; LATERAL-LINE; BROOK TROUT; BEHAVIOR; STREAM; RESISTANCE; RHEOTAXIS; SALMONIDS; CURRENTS AB Understanding hydrodynamic cues used by outmigrating juvenile salmon (emigrants) to guide fine-scale swim path selection is critical to successful fish guidance and passage at man-made structures. We show how these cues can be inferred from channel features and complex flow fields of natural rivers through which emigrants pass. We then describe a new cue, 'total hydraulic strain', integrating properties of flow acceleration and turbulence through the spatial gradients in velocity to create a single flow field distortion metric amenable to the analysis of fish movement at the scale of large man-made structures. We explain how total hydraulic strain, together with the magnitude of velocity, provide sufficient information for any fish to distinguish between the two categories of channel features with their mechanosensory system. We demonstrate that total hydraulic strain, velocity magnitude and hydrostatic pressure can be integrated into rule-sets (the Strain-Velocity-Pressure (SVP) Hypothesis) to explain emigrant swim path selection near dams. To confirm the reasonableness of the SVP Hypothesis, we describe how its separate elements can be detected by different components of the fish mechanosensory system. We evaluate the SVP Hypothesis by (1) using it to explain the traces made by acoustically tagged emigrants overlaid on coincident total hydraulic strain and velocity magnitude fields, (2) using it to explain different passage efficiencies of competing bypass designs and (3) testing it via stepwise discriminant analysis to infer the relationship between hydrodynamic pattern and emigrant orientation. We conclude the SVP Hypothesis is a reasonable and useful approximation of the strategy used by emigrants to select their swim path through complex flow fields sufficient to serve as the basis of guidance and bypass system design. Published in 2008 by John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 [Nestler, J. M.; Smith, D. L.] USA, Engn Res & Dev Ctr, CEERD EP W, Environm Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. [Goodwin, R. A.] USA, Engn Res & Dev Ctr, CENWP EC HD, Environm Lab, Portland, OR 97208 USA. [Anderson, J. J.] Univ Washington, Sch Aquat & Fishery Sci, Columbia Basin Res, Seattle, WA 98101 USA. [Li, S.] Univ Iowa, Stanley Hydraul Lab, IIHR Hydrosci & Engn, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. RP Nestler, JM (reprint author), USA, Engn Res & Dev Ctr, CEERD EP W, Environm Lab, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. EM John.M.Nestler@erdc.usace.army.mil NR 69 TC 27 Z9 28 U1 2 U2 28 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 1535-1459 J9 RIVER RES APPL JI River Res. Appl. PD FEB PY 2008 VL 24 IS 2 BP 148 EP 168 DI 10.1002/rra.1056 PG 21 WC Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA 287CP UT WOS:000254894600003 ER PT J AU Gong, P Escalon, BL Hayes, CA Perkins, EJ AF Gong, Ping Escalon, B. Lynn Hayes, Charolett A. Perkins, Edward J. TI Uptake of hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane (CL-20) by the earthworm Eisenia fetida through dermal contact SO SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE bioaccumulation; critical body burden; radioactivity; HPLC; lethality ID DEGRADATION PATHWAYS; EXPLOSIVES RDX; SOIL; TOXICITY; HMX; REPRODUCTION; ENCHYTRAEID; SURVIVAL; INSIGHTS; TNT AB The explosive compound hexanitrohexaazaisowurtzitane (CL-20) has been shown to cause both lethal and sublethal (reproductive and neurotoxic) effects in exposed oligochaetes. However, whether worms take up CL-20 and how much CL-20 enters worm bodies leading to toxicity (e.g., lethality) remain to be determined. In the present study, we used high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and radiolabeled tracer methods to investigate the CL-20 uptake in the whole worm body after contact exposures. Worms (Eisenia fetida) were exposed to filter paper spiked with non-radioactive or [U-C-14]-labeled CL-20 for 1-3 d. The radiolabeled tracer method allowed us to detect the parent compound and transformation products in worms exposed to as low as 0.04 mu g CL-20 cm(-2) of filter paper. The HPLC method without radiolabeled tracer was far less sensitive with a detection limit of 2.17 mu g CL-20 cm(-2). Using the radiolabeled tracer, we were able to demonstrate that the worm body concentration linearly correlated to the filter paper concentration <0.34 mu g cm(-2) (r=0.94) if no breakdown products are assumed. At higher concentrations, the body concentration increased slowly and saturated at around 11 mu g g(-1) dry mass resulting in an estimated lethal critical body burden of 10-15 mu g CL-20 g(-1) dry mass. These findings demonstrate that CL-20 or potential transformation products are taken into the earthworm body through dermal contact. This information should prove valuable in assessing the bioaccumulation potential and ecological risks of CL-20. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Gong, Ping; Escalon, B. Lynn; Hayes, Charolett A.] SpecPro Inc, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. [Perkins, Edward J.] USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Environm Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Gong, P (reprint author), SpecPro Inc, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. EM ping.gong@erdc.usace.army.mil NR 14 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 4 U2 17 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0048-9697 J9 SCI TOTAL ENVIRON JI Sci. Total Environ. PD FEB 1 PY 2008 VL 390 IS 1 BP 295 EP 299 DI 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2007.10.001 PG 5 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 255ZF UT WOS:000252696500029 PM 17996277 ER PT J AU Moores, LK Holley, AB AF Moores, Lisa K. Holley, Aaron B. TI Computed Tomography Pulmonary Angiography and Venography: Diagnostic and Prognostic Properties SO SEMINARS IN RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Review DE Pulmonary embolism; deep vein thrombosis; computed tomography; right heart failure ID DEEP VENOUS THROMBOSIS; RIGHT-VENTRICULAR DYSFUNCTION; INDIRECT CT VENOGRAPHY; MULTIDETECTOR ROW CT; HELICAL CT; D-DIMER; SPIRAL CT; THROMBOEMBOLIC DISEASE; LOWER-EXTREMITY; INTEROBSERVER AGREEMENT AB Computed tomography pulmonary angiography (CTPA) is now an established test in the diagnosis of suspected pulmonary embolism (PE). Some may argue that it has become the "one-stop" center for diagnosis and prognosis of acute PE and deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Current literature shows CTPA to be reliable and accurate. Management studies have shown patient outcomes are excellent when CTPA is used in the diagnostic algorithm. The addition of computed tomography venography (CTV) increases the sensitivity, which may be worth the added radiation in certain patient populations. Although measures of right heart function, pulmonary artery pressures, and clot burden via CTPA need to be standardized and further validated prospectively, this test may also play a prominent role in determining short-term outcomes in patients with established acute PE. C1 [Moores, Lisa K.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Holley, Aaron B.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Pulm Crit Care & Sleep Med Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Moores, LK (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. EM lmoores@usuhs.mil NR 96 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU THIEME MEDICAL PUBL INC PI NEW YORK PA 333 SEVENTH AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10001 USA SN 1069-3424 J9 SEMIN RESP CRIT CARE JI Semin. Respir. Crit. Care Med. PD FEB PY 2008 VL 29 IS 1 BP 3 EP 14 DI 10.1055/s-2008-1047558 PG 12 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 427SE UT WOS:000264798600002 PM 18302082 ER PT J AU Latifi, R Merrell, RC Doarn, CR Poropatich, R Latifi, Q AF Latifi, Rifat Merrell, Ronald C. Doarn, Charles R. Poropatich, Ronald Latifi, Qendresa TI Abstracts from the second Balkan intensive seminar on telemedicine and e-health - October 21-23, 2007 - Tirana, Albania SO TELEMEDICINE JOURNAL AND E-HEALTH LA English DT Article C1 [Latifi, Rifat] Univ Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. [Merrell, Ronald C.] Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Richmond, VA USA. [Latifi, Rifat; Merrell, Ronald C.; Latifi, Qendresa] Int Virtual E Hosp, Anchorage, AK USA. [Doarn, Charles R.] Univ Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH USA. [Poropatich, Ronald] USA, Telemed & Adv Technol Res Ctr, Ft Detrick, MD USA. [Latifi, Qendresa] George Mason Univ, Arlington, VA USA. RP Latifi, R (reprint author), Univ Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1530-5627 J9 TELEMED J E-HEALTH JI Telemed. J. e-Health PD FEB PY 2008 VL 14 IS 1 BP 88 EP 106 DI 10.1089/tmj.2008.9997 PG 19 WC Health Care Sciences & Services SC Health Care Sciences & Services GA 275JL UT WOS:000254067600044 ER PT J AU Lucey, C Weina, PJ AF Lucey, Charles Weina, Peter J. TI Applying the STARD (Standards for Reporting of Diagnostic Accuracy) checklist to the 2007 Transfusion article 'Evaluation of a new enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for detection of Chagas antibody in US blood donors' SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article DE STARD; Chagas disease; Trypanosoma; diagnosis; assay AB A group of scientists and journal editors developed the STARD (Standards for Reporting of Diagnostic Accuracy) checklist to improve the reporting of diagnostic accuracy. This checklist provides a standardised framework to ensure all relevant information is considered and no potentially important parameters are inadvertently overlooked. Whilst the quality of reporting is crucial. to the understanding of a test's potential performance characteristics, this checklist can and should be used not only to assess the reporting itself, but also to question any potential flaws in the assay inadvertently overlooked or not challenged by others. This article uses the STARD checklist to took at a recent report on a new assay for Chagas disease and examines the strength of this work against a standard review tool. Potential. issues associated with the reporting of the work as well as potential issues with the assay are identified and additional questions are posed that might help clarify the issues identified. Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene. C1 [Weina, Peter J.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Expt Therapeut, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. [Lucey, Charles] DHHS PHS FDA OBRR, Div Emerging & Transfus Transmitted Dis, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. RP Weina, PJ (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Expt Therapeut, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM peter.weina@na.amedd.army.mil RI Weina, Peter/A-2120-2011 NR 11 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0035-9203 J9 T ROY SOC TROP MED H JI Trans. Roy. Soc. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD FEB PY 2008 VL 102 IS 2 BP 155 EP 160 DI 10.1016/j.trstmh.2007.10.016 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 269LK UT WOS:000253650300010 PM 18082863 ER PT J AU Udomsangpetch, R Kaneko, O Chotivanich, K Sattabongkot, J AF Udomsangpetch, Rachanee Kaneko, Osamu Chotivanich, Kesinee Sattabongkot, Jetsumon TI Cultivation of Plasmodium vivax SO TRENDS IN PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Review ID IN-VITRO; MALARIA PARASITES; FALCIPARUM; CULTURE; INVITRO; BLOOD; CELLS; STAGE; LINE AB Establishment of a continuous line of Plasmodium vivax parasite is crucial to understand the parasite's biology; however, this has not yet been achieved. Beginning in the 19th century, there were several efforts to cultivate this malaria parasite but without much success until the late 1980s. In addition, to date, only minor modifications of the methodology have been investigated, which has resulted in extending the cultivation period to around four weeks by supplying reticulocytes obtained from normal blood or rare hemochromatotic blood. However, the use of laboratory-produced erythroblasts to cultivate P. vivax enables maintenance of a continuous line of the parasite stably in the laboratory. Here, we summarize and compare the available methodologies and conditions for the in vitro cultivation of P. vivax. C1 [Udomsangpetch, Rachanee] Mahidol Univ, Fac Sci, Dept Pathobiol, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. [Kaneko, Osamu] Nagasaki Univ, Inst Trop Med, Dept Protozool, Nagasaki 852, Japan. [Chotivanich, Kesinee] Mahidol Univ, Fac Trop Med, Dept Clin Trop Med, Bangkok, Thailand. [Sattabongkot, Jetsumon] Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Dept Entomol, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. RP Udomsangpetch, R (reprint author), Mahidol Univ, Fac Sci, Dept Pathobiol, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. EM scrud@mahidol.ac.th NR 25 TC 43 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1471-4922 J9 TRENDS PARASITOL JI Trends Parasitol. PD FEB PY 2008 VL 24 IS 2 BP 85 EP 88 DI 10.1016/j.pt.2007.09.010 PG 4 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA 265DJ UT WOS:000253339000007 PM 18180202 ER PT J AU Zwick, H Edsall, P Stuck, BE Wood, E Elliott, R Cheramie, R Hacker, H AF Zwick, H. Edsall, P. Stuck, B. E. Wood, E. Elliott, R. Cheramie, R. Hacker, H. TI Laser induced photoreceptor damage and recovery in the high numerical aperture eye of the garter snake SO VISION RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE small eye; garter snake; numerical aperture; photoreceptors; leukocytes; in-vivo imaging; photoreceptor damage; recovery processes; neural plasticity ID RADIATION; RETINA; MONKEY; LIGHT AB The garter snake provides a unique model for in-vivo imaging of photoreceptor damage induced by laser retinal exposure. Laser thermal/mechanical retinal injury induced alterations in photoreceptor structure and leukocyte cellular behavior. Photoreceptors turned white, lost mode structure, and swelled; leukocyte activity was observed in the vicinity of photoreceptor cells. Non-thermal alterations were identified with a bio-tag for oxidative stress. Mechanisms of photoreceptor recovery and replacement were observed and evaluated for active cytoskeletal systems by using an anti-actin tag that could detect the presence of active cytoskeletal systems resident in photoreceptors as well as other retinal systems. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Zwick, H.; Edsall, P.; Stuck, B. E.; Wood, E.; Hacker, H.] USAMRD, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Brooks City Base, TX USA. [Elliott, R.; Cheramie, R.] NHRCDet, Naval Hlth Res Ctr, Brooks City Base, TX USA. RP Zwick, H (reprint author), USAMRD, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Brooks City Base, TX USA. EM harry.zwick@brooks.af.mil NR 18 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0042-6989 J9 VISION RES JI Vision Res. PD FEB PY 2008 VL 48 IS 3 BP 486 EP 493 DI 10.1016/j.visres.2007.09.012 PG 8 WC Neurosciences; Ophthalmology SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Ophthalmology GA 272BG UT WOS:000253832000020 PM 18252238 ER PT J AU Boddu, VM Abburi, K Talbott, JL Smith, ED Haasch, R AF Boddu, Veera M. Abburi, Krishnaiah Talbott, Jonathan L. Smith, Edgar D. Haasch, Richard TI Removal of arsenic(III) and arsenic(V) from aqueous medium using chitosan-coated biosorbent SO WATER RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE adsorption arsenic (III); arsenic (V); desorption; chitosan-coated biosorbent ID DRINKING-WATER; CHELATING RESIN; METAL-IONS; HEXAVALENT CHROMIUM; ACTIVATED CARBON; IRON-OXIDE; ADSORPTION; SORPTION; KINETICS; PARAMETERS AB A biosorbent was prepared by coating ceramic alumina with the natural biopolymer, chitosan, using a dip-coating process. Removal of arsenic (III) (As(III)) and arsenic (V) (As(V)) was studied through adsorption on the biosorbent at pH 4.0 under equilibrium and dynamic conditions. The equilibrium adsorption data were fitted to Langmuir, Freundlich, and Redlich-Peterson adsorption models, and the model parameters were evaluated. All three models represented the experimental data well. The monolayer adsorption capacity of the sorbent, as obtained from the Langmuir isotherm, is 56.50 and 96.46 mg/g of chitosan for As(III) and As(V), respectively. The difference in adsorption capacity for As(III) and As(V) was explained on the basis of speciation of arsenic at pH 4.0. Column adsorption results indicated that no arsenic was found in the effluent solution up to about 40 and 120 bed volumes of As(III) and As(V), respectively. Sodium hydroxide solution (0.1 M) was found to be capable of regenerating the column bed. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 [Boddu, Veera M.; Smith, Edgar D.] USA, Environm Proc Branch, Engn Res & Dev Ctr, Construct Engn Res Lab, Champaign, IL 61826 USA. [Abburi, Krishnaiah] Sri Venkateswara Univ, Dept Chem, Tirupati 517502, Andhra Pradesh, India. [Talbott, Jonathan L.] Univ Illinois, Illinois Waste Management & Res Ctr, Champaign, IL 61820 USA. [Haasch, Richard] Univ Illinois, Ctr Microanal Mat, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. RP Boddu, VM (reprint author), USA, Environm Proc Branch, Engn Res & Dev Ctr, Construct Engn Res Lab, Champaign, IL 61826 USA. EM veera.boddu@erdc.usace.army.mil NR 44 TC 200 Z9 215 U1 13 U2 99 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0043-1354 J9 WATER RES JI Water Res. PD FEB PY 2008 VL 42 IS 3 BP 633 EP 642 DI 10.1016/j.watres.2007.08.014 PG 10 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA 267MD UT WOS:000253512200012 PM 17822735 ER PT J AU Satava, RM AF Satava, Richard M. TI Historical review of surgical simulation - A personal perspective SO WORLD JOURNAL OF SURGERY LA English DT Article ID OPERATING-ROOM; SKILL AB Although simulation is relatively new to surgical education, there is a long history in many other disciplines, such as military, aviation, and nuclear power plant operations, among others. In the late 1980s these technologies began to be adapted to the surgical world, along with the new technology of virtual reality. This is a review of the introduction of manikins, computers, and virtual reality into education and training for surgical skills. Two concomitant revolutions occurred: objective assessment of surgical skills and converting training from the apprenticeship model to one of criterion-based training. A personal perspective on these developments adds information not previously published. C1 [Satava, Richard M.] USA, Med Res & Mat Command, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. [Satava, Richard M.] Univ Washington, Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Satava, RM (reprint author), USA, Med Res & Mat Command, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM rsatava@u.washington.edu NR 11 TC 59 Z9 64 U1 3 U2 11 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0364-2313 J9 WORLD J SURG JI World J.Surg. PD FEB PY 2008 VL 32 IS 2 BP 141 EP 148 DI 10.1007/s00268-007-9374-y PG 8 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA 252WG UT WOS:000252477100002 PM 18097716 ER PT J AU Ivanic, J Wallqvist, A Reifman, J AF Ivanic, Joseph Wallqvist, Anders Reifman, Jaques TI Evidence of probabilistic behaviour in protein interaction networks SO BMC SYSTEMS BIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID SCALE-FREE; FUNCTIONAL-ORGANIZATION; BIOLOGICAL NETWORKS; METABOLIC NETWORKS; SYSTEMS BIOLOGY; COMPLEXES; DUPLICATION AB Background: Data from high-throughput experiments of protein-protein interactions are commonly used to probe the nature of biological organization and extract functional relationships between sets of proteins. What has not been appreciated is that the underlying mechanisms involved in assembling these networks may exhibit considerable probabilistic behaviour. Results: We find that the probability of an interaction between two proteins is generally proportional to the numerical product of their individual interacting partners, or degrees. The degree-weighted behaviour is manifested throughout the protein-protein interaction networks studied here, except for the high-degree, or hub, interaction areas. However, we find that the probabilities of interaction between the hubs are still high. Further evidence is provided by path length analyses, which show that these hubs are separated by very few links. Conclusion: The results suggest that protein-protein interaction networks incorporate probabilistic elements that lead to scale-rich hierarchical architectures. These observations seem to be at odds with a biologically-guided organization. One interpretation of the findings is that we are witnessing the ability of proteins to indiscriminately bind rather than the protein-protein interactions that are actually utilized by the cell in biological processes. Therefore, the topological study of a degree-weighted network requires a more refined methodology to extract biological information about pathways, modules, or other inferred relationships among proteins. C1 [Ivanic, Joseph; Wallqvist, Anders; Reifman, Jaques] USA, Med Res & Mat Command, Telemed & Adv Technol Res Ctr, Biotechnol HPC Software Applicat Inst, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Reifman, J (reprint author), USA, Med Res & Mat Command, Telemed & Adv Technol Res Ctr, Biotechnol HPC Software Applicat Inst, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM jivanic@bioanalysis.org; awallqvist@bioanalysis.org; jaques.reifman@us.army.mil OI wallqvist, anders/0000-0002-9775-7469 NR 38 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1752-0509 J9 BMC SYST BIOL JI BMC Syst. Biol. PD JAN 31 PY 2008 VL 2 AR 11 DI 10.1186/1752-0509-2-11 PG 8 WC Mathematical & Computational Biology SC Mathematical & Computational Biology GA 276MO UT WOS:000254146600001 PM 18237403 ER PT J AU Hoge, CW McGurk, D Thomas, JL Cox, AL Engel, CC Castro, CA AF Hoge, Charles W. McGurk, Dennis Thomas, Jeffrey L. Cox, Anthony L. Engel, Charles C. Castro, Carl A. TI Mild traumatic brain injury in US Soldiers returning from Iraq SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID POSTTRAUMATIC-STRESS-DISORDER; COLLEGIATE FOOTBALL PLAYERS; MENTAL-HEALTH PROBLEMS; GULF-WAR; POSTCONCUSSION SYNDROME; SOMATIC SYMPTOMS; NCAA CONCUSSION; CARE; AFGHANISTAN; ILLNESS AB Background: An important medical concern of the Iraq war is the potential long-term effect of mild traumatic brain injury, or concussion, particularly from blast explosions. However, the epidemiology of combat-related mild traumatic brain injury is poorly understood. Methods: We surveyed 2525 U.S. Army infantry soldiers 3 to 4 months after their return from a year-long deployment to Iraq. Validated clinical instruments were used to compare soldiers reporting mild traumatic brain injury, defined as an injury with loss of consciousness or altered mental status (e.g., dazed or confused), with soldiers who reported other injuries. Results: Of 2525 soldiers, 124 (4.9%) reported injuries with loss of consciousness, 260 (10.3%) reported injuries with altered mental status, and 435 (17.2%) reported other injuries during deployment. Of those reporting loss of consciousness, 43.9% met criteria for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), as compared with 27.3% of those reporting altered mental status, 16.2% with other injuries, and 9.1% with no injury. Soldiers with mild traumatic brain injury, primarily those who had loss of consciousness, were significantly more likely to report poor general health, missed workdays, medical visits, and a high number of somatic and postconcussive symptoms than were soldiers with other injuries. However, after adjustment for PTSD and depression, mild traumatic brain injury was no longer significantly associated with these physical health outcomes or symptoms, except for headache. Conclusions: Mild traumatic brain injury (i.e., concussion) occurring among soldiers deployed in Iraq is strongly associated with PTSD and physical health problems 3 to 4 months after the soldiers return home. PTSD and depression are important mediators of the relationship between mild traumatic brain injury and physical health problems. C1 [Hoge, Charles W.; McGurk, Dennis; Thomas, Jeffrey L.; Cox, Anthony L.; Castro, Carl A.] USA, Div Psychiat & Neurosci, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Med Res & Mat Command, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. [Engel, Charles C.] Deployment Hlth Clin Ctr, Washington, DC USA. [Engel, Charles C.] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Washington, DC USA. RP Hoge, CW (reprint author), USA, Div Psychiat & Neurosci, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Med Res & Mat Command, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM charles.hoge@us.army.mil NR 50 TC 1217 Z9 1226 U1 25 U2 175 PU MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SOC PI WALTHAM PA WALTHAM WOODS CENTER, 860 WINTER ST,, WALTHAM, MA 02451-1413 USA SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD JAN 31 PY 2008 VL 358 IS 5 BP 453 EP 463 DI 10.1056/NEJMoa072972 PG 11 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 256IW UT WOS:000252722900003 PM 18234750 ER PT J AU Thompson, FM Porter, DW Okitsu, SL Westerfeld, N Vogel, D Todryk, S Poulton, I Correa, S Hutchings, C Berthoud, T Dunachie, S Andrews, L Williams, JL Sinden, R Gilbert, SC Pluschke, G Zurbriggen, R Hill, AVS AF Thompson, Fiona M. Porter, David W. Okitsu, Shinji L. Westerfeld, Nicole Vogel, Denise Todryk, Stephen Poulton, Ian Correa, Simon Hutchings, Claire Berthoud, Tamara Dunachie, Susanna Andrews, Laura Williams, Jack L. Sinden, Robert Gilbert, Sarah C. Pluschke, Gerd Zurbriggen, Rinaldo Hill, Adrian V. S. TI Evidence of Blood Stage Efficacy with a Virosomal Malaria Vaccine in a Phase IIa Clinical Trial SO PLOS ONE LA English DT Article AB Background. Previous research indicates that a combination vaccine targeting different stages of the malaria life cycle is likely to provide the most effective malaria vaccine. This trial was the first to combine two existing vaccination strategies to produce a vaccine that induces immune responses to both the pre-erythrocytic and blood stages of the P. falciparum life cycle. Methods. This was a Phase I/IIa study of a new combination malaria vaccine FFM ME-TRAP+PEV3A. PEV3A includes peptides from both the pre-erythrocytic circumsporozoite protein and the blood-stage antigen AMA-1. This study was conducted at the Centre for Clinical Vaccinology and Tropical Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK. The participants were healthy, malaria naive volunteers, from Oxford. The interventions were vaccination with PEV3A alone, or PEV3A+FFM ME-TRAP. The main outcome measure was protection from malaria in a sporozoite challenge model. Other outcomes included measures of parasite specific immune responses induced by either vaccine; and safety, assessed by collection of adverse event data. Results. We observed evidence of blood stage immunity in PEV3A vaccinated volunteers, but no volunteers were completely protected from malaria. PEV3A induced high antibody titres, and antibodies bound parasites in immunofluorescence assays. Moreover, we observed boosting of the vaccine-induced immune response by sporozoite challenge. Immune responses induced by FFM ME-TRAP were unexpectedly low. The vaccines were safe, with comparable side effect profiles to previous trials. Although there was no sterile protection two major observations support an effect of the vaccine-induced response on blood stage parasites: (i) Lower rates of parasite growth were observed in volunteers vaccinated with PEV3A compared to unvaccinated controls (p = 0.012), and this was reflected in the PCR results from PEV3A vaccinated volunteers. These showed early control of parasitaemia by some volunteers in this group. One volunteer, who received PEV3A alone, was diagnosed very late, on day 20 compared to an average of 11.8 days in unvaccinated controls. (ii). Morphologically abnormal parasites were present in the blood of all (n = 24) PEV3A vaccinated volunteers, and in only 2/6 controls (p = 0.001). We describe evidence of vaccine-induced blood stage efficacy for the first time in a sporozoite challenge study. Trial Registration. ClinicalTrials.Gov NCT00408668 C1 [Thompson, Fiona M.; Porter, David W.; Todryk, Stephen; Poulton, Ian; Hutchings, Claire; Berthoud, Tamara; Dunachie, Susanna; Andrews, Laura; Gilbert, Sarah C.; Hill, Adrian V. S.] Univ Oxford, Ctr Clin Vaccinol & Trop Med, Oxford, England. [Okitsu, Shinji L.; Vogel, Denise; Pluschke, Gerd] Swiss Trop Inst, Basel, Switzerland. [Westerfeld, Nicole; Zurbriggen, Rinaldo] Pevion Biotech Ltd, Bern, Switzerland. [Correa, Simon] Medical Research Council MRC, Res Lab, Fajara, Gambia. [Williams, Jack L.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Commun Dis & Immunol, Silver Spring, MD USA. [Sinden, Robert] Imperial Coll London, Biol Dept, Infect & Immun Sect, London, England. RP Thompson, FM (reprint author), Univ Oxford, Ctr Clin Vaccinol & Trop Med, Oxford, England. EM fiona.thompson@ndm.ox.ac.uk OI Gilbert, Sarah/0000-0002-6823-9750 FU UK Medical Research Council FX This trial was funded by a grant from the UK Medical Research Council. NR 33 TC 51 Z9 52 U1 0 U2 4 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1932-6203 J9 PLOS ONE JI PLoS One PD JAN 30 PY 2008 VL 3 IS 1 AR e1493 DI 10.1371/journal.pone.0001493 PG 13 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 366SR UT WOS:000260504200006 PM 18231580 ER PT J AU Ohrt, C O'Meara, WP Remich, S McEvoy, P Ogutu, B Mtalib, R Odera, JS AF Ohrt, Colin O'Meara, Wendy Prudhomme Remich, Shon McEvoy, Peter Ogutu, Bernhards Mtalib, Ramadan Odera, James Sande TI Pilot assessment of the sensitivity of the malaria thin film SO MALARIA JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID PARASITE DENSITY; BLOOD FILMS; MICROSCOPY; DIAGNOSIS; KENYA AB Background: Malaria microscopy remains the reference standard for malaria diagnosis in clinical trials (drug and vaccine), new diagnostic evaluation, as well as in clinical care in much of the world today. It is known that microscopy is an imperfect gold standard, and that very low false positive rates can dramatically lower protective efficacy estimates in malaria prevention trials. Although new methods are now available, including malaria rapid diagnostic tests and PCR, neither is as yet validated in the clinical trial setting and both have limitations. Surprisingly, the sensitivity of thin smears is not well established and thin smears are not commonly used in the developing world. Methods: Malaria thick and thin films were collected in the lowlands of Western Kenya. All had density determined by four readings with two methods, as well as species identified. Thirty-six with low density parasitaemia had the thin smear read by five independent microscopists, two were expert and three were qualified. Microscopists read the entire thin film. For the first 10 parasites seen, they reported the species, appearance, time, field number, and red blood cells in the field. Total parasites, total fields, and total time to examine the smear were also recorded. Results: Median parasitaemia was 201 parasites/mu l, mean 1,090 +/- 2,195, range 6-11,124 parasites/mu l for the 36 smears evaluated. The data revealed a density dependent increase in sensitivity, with 100% sensitivity achieved at > 200 parasites/mu l for experts and > 500 parasites/mu l for qualified readers. Thin film readings confirmed parasitaemia 74% of the time by experts, and 65% of the time for qualified microscopists. The 95(th) percentile for time to detect parasitaemia was 15 minutes for experts, 17 minutes for qualified microscopists. This decreased to 4-10 minutes for experts at densities of > 200 parasites/mu l. Additionally, substantial discordance for species identification was observed. Conclusion: The thin film is sensitive enough to be a useful tool to confirm malaria diagnosis in study subjects in some settings. Specificity of the thin film and its utility for confirming thick film or other diagnostic test results should be assessed further. C1 [Ohrt, Colin] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. [O'Meara, Wendy Prudhomme] NIH, Fogarty Int Ctr, Bethesda, MD USA. [Remich, Shon; Ogutu, Bernhards; Odera, James Sande] USA, Med Unit Kenya, Clin Res Ctr, Kenya Med Res Inst, Kisumu, Kenya. [McEvoy, Peter] Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Washington, DC 20306 USA. RP Ohrt, C (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. EM colin.ohrt@us.army.mil; prudhomw@mail.nih.gov; shon.remich2@amedd.army.mil; mcevoy@afip.osd.mil; bogutu@wrp-ksm.org; rama_mtalib@yahoo.com; jsande@wrp-ksm.org NR 17 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 2 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1475-2875 J9 MALARIA J JI Malar. J. PD JAN 28 PY 2008 VL 7 AR 22 DI 10.1186/1475-2875-7-22 PG 9 WC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Infectious Diseases; Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA 272MG UT WOS:000253862900002 PM 18226243 ER PT J AU Cohen, SP AF Cohen, Steven P. TI Cannabinoids for chronic pain - Are effective but research is needed to decide who benefits most SO BRITISH MEDICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Editorial Material ID PLACEBO-CONTROLLED TRIAL; MULTIPLE-SCLEROSIS C1 Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Pain Management Div, Dept Anesthesiol & Crit Care Med, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. RP Cohen, SP (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Pain Management Div, Dept Anesthesiol & Crit Care Med, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. EM scohen40@jhmi.edu NR 12 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU B M J PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA BRITISH MED ASSOC HOUSE, TAVISTOCK SQUARE, LONDON WC1H 9JR, ENGLAND SN 0959-8146 J9 BRIT MED J JI Br. Med. J. PD JAN 26 PY 2008 VL 336 IS 7637 BP 167 EP 168 DI 10.1136/bmj.39434.444583.80 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 259KT UT WOS:000252938900003 PM 18182415 ER PT J AU Yu, CG Zavaljevski, N Desai, V Johnson, S Stevens, FJ Reifman, J AF Yu, Chenggang Zavaljevski, Nela Desai, Valmik Johnson, Seth Stevens, Fred J. Reifman, Jaques TI The development of PIPA: an integrated and automated pipeline for genome-wide protein function annotation SO BMC BIOINFORMATICS LA English DT Article ID FUNCTION PREDICTION; DATABASE; INFERENCE; PROGRAMS; SEQUENCE; SYSTEM AB Background: Automated protein function prediction methods are needed to keep pace with high-throughput sequencing. With the existence of many programs and databases for inferring different protein functions, a pipeline that properly integrates these resources will benefit from the advantages of each method. However, integrated systems usually do not provide mechanisms to generate customized databases to predict particular protein functions. Here, we describe a tool termed PIPA (Pipeline for Protein Annotation) that has these capabilities. Results: PIPA annotates protein functions by combining the results of multiple programs and databases, such as InterPro and the Conserved Domains Database, into common Gene Ontology (GO) terms. The major algorithms implemented in PIPA are: (1) a profile database generation algorithm, which generates customized profile databases to predict particular protein functions, (2) an automated ontology mapping generation algorithm, which maps various classification schemes into GO, and (3) a consensus algorithm to reconcile annotations from the integrated programs and databases. PIPA's profile generation algorithm is employed to construct the enzyme profile database CatFam, which predicts catalytic functions described by Enzyme Commission (EC) numbers. Validation tests show that CatFam yields average recall and precision larger than 95.0%. CatFam is integrated with PIPA. We use an association rule mining algorithm to automatically generate mappings between terms of two ontologies from annotated sample proteins. Incorporating the ontologies' hierarchical topology into the algorithm increases the number of generated mappings. In particular, it generates 40.0% additional mappings from the Clusters of Orthologous Groups (COG) to EC numbers and a six-fold increase in mappings from COG to GO terms. The mappings to EC numbers show a very high precision (99.8%) and recall (96.6%), while the mappings to GO terms show moderate precision (80.0%) and low recall (33.0%). Our consensus algorithm for GO annotation is based on the computation and propagation of likelihood scores associated with GO terms. The test results suggest that, for a given recall, the application of the consensus algorithm yields higher precision than when consensus is not used. Conclusion: The algorithms implemented in PIPA provide automated genome-wide protein function annotation based on reconciled predictions from multiple resources. C1 [Yu, Chenggang; Zavaljevski, Nela; Desai, Valmik; Reifman, Jaques] USA, Med Res & Mat Command, Telemed & Adv Technol Res Ctr, Biotechnol HPC Software Applicat Inst, Ft Detrick, MD USA. [Johnson, Seth] George Mason Univ, Manassas, VA USA. [Stevens, Fred J.] Argonne Natl Lab, Biosci Div, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. RP Reifman, J (reprint author), USA, Med Res & Mat Command, Telemed & Adv Technol Res Ctr, Biotechnol HPC Software Applicat Inst, Ft Detrick, MD USA. EM cyu@bioanalysis.org; nelaz@bioanalysis.org; valmik@bioanalysis.org; sjohnson@exonhit-usa.com; fstevens@anl.gov; jaques.reifman@us.army.mil NR 30 TC 18 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 2 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2105 J9 BMC BIOINFORMATICS JI BMC Bioinformatics PD JAN 25 PY 2008 VL 9 AR 52 DI 10.1186/1471-2105-9-52 PG 11 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Mathematical & Computational Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Mathematical & Computational Biology GA 269YM UT WOS:000253686700001 PM 18221520 ER PT J AU Kim, SS Pinnavaia, TJ Damavarapu, R AF Kim, Seong-Su Pinnavaia, Thomas J. Damavarapu, Reddy TI Improved regioselective mononitration of toluene over ZSM-5 zeolite catalysts SO JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS LA English DT Article DE toluene; nitration; ZSM-5 zeolite; regioselectivity ID AROMATIC-COMPOUNDS; NITRIC-ACID; NITRATION; HYDROCARBONS; SELECTIVITY; PHASE; BETA AB We show for the first time that the NH(4)(+) exchanged form of ZSM-5 zeolite is as effective as the H(+) form of the catalyst for the regioselective conversion of toluene to mononitrotoluene (MNT) using 90% nitric acid as the sole nitrating agent. The auto-ionization of the acid in the absence of protons on the zeolite surface is sufficient for the formation of reactive nitronium ions. We also find that the regioselectivity for the formation of p-MNT is substantially increased over both forms of the zeolite catalyst by first intercalating the acid in the zeolite micropores prior to the introduction of toluene. For instance, the p/o isomer ratio is increased from values in the range 1.3-2.3 under conventional batch reaction conditions to values of 1.8-8.9 when the acid is sequestered in the zeolite. The sequestration of nitric acid in both ion exchanged forms of the zeolite confines more of the nitration reaction to the regioselective environment of the micropores and reduces the extent of reaction in homogeneous toluene solution. However, the ammonium form of the zeolite is preferred over the protonated form when the Si/Al ratio of the zeolite allows for the presence of at least one ammonium ion per unit cell (Si/Al <= 40), because under these conditions far less benzaldehyde and other undesired reaction products are formed in comparison to the protonated form of the zeolite at the same SUM ratios. The ability of NH(4)(+)-ZSM-5 derivatives to limit the formation of unwanted toluene oxidation products is not well understood, but the observed selectivity may be related to the replacement of ammonium ions by protons, the formation of ammonium nitrate, and the buffering of nitric acid within the micropores of the zeolite. (c) 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 [Pinnavaia, Thomas J.] Michigan State Univ, Dept Chem, E Lansing, MI 48823 USA. [Kim, Seong-Su] Claytec Inc, E Lansing, MI 48823 USA. [Damavarapu, Reddy] USA, ARDEC, Energet Mat Div, Picatinny Arsenal, NJ 07806 USA. RP Pinnavaia, TJ (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Chem, E Lansing, MI 48823 USA. EM pinnavai@cem.msu.edu NR 23 TC 14 Z9 16 U1 1 U2 15 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0021-9517 J9 J CATAL JI J. Catal. PD JAN 25 PY 2008 VL 253 IS 2 BP 289 EP 294 DI 10.1016/j.jcat.2007.11.001 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Engineering, Chemical SC Chemistry; Engineering GA 264IW UT WOS:000253282000008 ER PT J AU Eick, AA Hu, Z Wang, Z Nevin, RL AF Eick, Angelia A. Hu, Zheng Wang, Zhong Nevin, Remington L. TI Incidence of mumps and immunity to measles, mumps and rubella among US military recruits, 2000-2004 SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE MMR; seroprevalence; military ID UNITED-STATES; OUTBREAK; VACCINE; SUSCEPTIBILITY; POPULATION; SEROSURVEY; FAILURE; ADULTS AB Recent mumps outbreaks have evoked concerns of decreasing mumps immunity among adolescents and adults, including US military recruits subject to differing mumps immunization policies. To compare mumps incidence and to assess initial measles, mumps and rubella seropositivity, we conducted a cohort study among recruits from 2000 to 2004. Mumps incidence in the targeted MMR and universal MMR cohorts was 4.1 and 3.5 per 100,000 person-years, respectively, giving an incidence rate ratio of 1.16 (P=0.67). Measles, mumps, and rubella seropositivity was 84.6%, 89.5%, and 93.2%, respectively. Among recruits with measles and rubella immunity, 92.8% were mumps immune. These findings support the policy of targeting MMR immunization based upon measles and rubella serology atone. (C) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Eick, Angelia A.; Hu, Zheng; Wang, Zhong; Nevin, Remington L.] USA, Ctr Hlth Promat & Prevent Med, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Eick, AA (reprint author), USA, Ctr Hlth Promat & Prevent Med, 2900 Linden Lane, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM angie.eick@us.army.mit OI Nevin, Remington/0000-0002-0534-1889 NR 27 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD JAN 24 PY 2008 VL 26 IS 4 BP 494 EP 501 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2007.11.035 PG 8 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 260IY UT WOS:000253005200007 PM 18155326 ER PT J AU Neyerlin, KC Singh, A Chu, D AF Neyerlin, K. C. Singh, Amarveer Chu, Deryn TI Kinetic characterization of a Pt-Ni/C catalyst with a phosphoric acid doped PBI membrane in a proton exchange membrane fuel cell SO JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES LA English DT Article DE fuel cells; oxygen reduction; anion adsorption; platinum-nickel; PBI; high temperature ID OXYGEN REDUCTION REACTION; HYDROGEN OXIDATION; RELATIVE-HUMIDITY; ELECTROLYTE; PT(111); PLATINUM; SURFACE; PEMFC; CO; POLYBENZIMIDAZOLE AB The performance of a phosphoric acid doped polybenzimidazole (PBI) membrane, with Pt and Pt-Ni/C catalysts on the anode and cathode, respectively, was experimentally determined at 160 degrees C using neat H-2 and O-2. The resulting current voltage relation was then compared to a performance curve calculated from previously established values for the exchange current density and activation energy of the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) on Pt-Ni/C. An overall voltage loss >200 mV, regardless of current density, was observed for the MEA relative to the predicted performance, implying about two orders of magnitude decrease in the exchange current density for the ORR. The reduction in exchange current density was attributed to anion (H2PO4-) adsorption. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 Univ Houston, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, Houston, TX 77004 USA. [Neyerlin, K. C.; Singh, Amarveer; Chu, Deryn] US Army Res lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Neyerlin, KC (reprint author), Univ Houston, Dept Chem & Biol Engn, 4800 Calhoun Rd,Engn Bldg 1, Houston, TX 77004 USA. EM keneyerlin@uh.edu NR 35 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 2 U2 26 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-7753 EI 1873-2755 J9 J POWER SOURCES JI J. Power Sources PD JAN 21 PY 2008 VL 176 IS 1 BP 112 EP 117 DI 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2007.10.030 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA 257UE UT WOS:000252823400017 ER PT J AU Kim, J Gracz, HS Roberts, GW Kiserow, DJ AF Kim, Jaehoon Gracz, Hanna S. Roberts, George W. Kiserow, Douglas J. TI Spectroscopic analysis of poly(bisphenol A carbonate) using high resolution C-13 and H-1 NMR SO POLYMER LA English DT Article DE poly(bisphenol A carbonate); end-group analysis; NMR spectroscopy ID BISPHENOL-A POLYCARBONATE; NUCLEAR MAGNETIC-RESONANCE; PHENOLIC END-GROUPS; HYDROLYSIS; OLIGOMERS AB Quantitative structural and end-group analysis of poly(bisphenol A carbonate) (BPA-PC) was carried out and number average molecular weights (M.) were determined using 125.76 MHz C-13 and 500.13 MHz H-1 nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. BPA-PC with a wide range of end-group ratios (0.26-2.83) and number average molecular weights (1500-9000 g/mol) was synthesized using melt transesterification by changing the initial monomer (bisphenol A and diphenyl carbonate) ratios and reaction conditions. Results of the NMR analysis for the melt-polymerized samples were compared with those of a commercial BPA-PC with a M. of 16,000 g/mol. It was demonstrated that NMR spectroscopy is a very selective and accurate method not only for quantification of both phenolic and phenyl chain end-groups but also in the structural analysis of main chain groups. Extremely small concentrations of end-groups (similar to 0.02 per repeating unit) were analyzed. In addition, NMR spectroscopy was found to be an excellent tool for detecting residual monomer and the presence of the reaction byproduct (phenol). The molecular weights that were determined using NMR end-group quantification agreed well with the molecular weights measured by gel-permeation chromatography (GPC). (c) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Kim, Jaehoon; Roberts, George W.; Kiserow, Douglas J.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Kim, Jaehoon] Korea Adv Inst Sci & Technol, Energy & Environm Res Div, Seoul 136791, South Korea. [Gracz, Hanna S.] N Carolina State Univ, Dept Mol & Struct Biochem, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. [Kiserow, Douglas J.] USA, Res Off, Div Chem Sci, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Roberts, GW (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Chem & Biomol Engn, Campus Box 7905, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM groberts@eos.ncsu.edu RI Kim, Jaehoon/G-6116-2014 OI Kim, Jaehoon/0000-0001-6188-7571 NR 14 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 14 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0032-3861 J9 POLYMER JI Polymer PD JAN 21 PY 2008 VL 49 IS 2 BP 394 EP 404 DI 10.1016/j.polymer.2007.11.046 PG 11 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 264DW UT WOS:000253266900005 ER PT J AU Oh, R AF Oh, Robert TI Hypertriglyceridemia SO NEW ENGLAND JOURNAL OF MEDICINE LA English DT Letter ID MORTALITY C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. RP Oh, R (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. EM roboh98@gmail.com NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MASSACHUSETTS MEDICAL SOC PI WALTHAM PA WALTHAM WOODS CENTER, 860 WINTER ST,, WALTHAM, MA 02451-1413 USA SN 0028-4793 J9 NEW ENGL J MED JI N. Engl. J. Med. PD JAN 17 PY 2008 VL 358 IS 3 BP 310 EP 310 PG 1 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 251LS UT WOS:000252375600023 PM 18199874 ER PT J AU Brown, E Hommerich, U Bluiett, AG Trivedi, SB Zavada, JM AF Brown, E. Hommerich, U. Bluiett, A. G. Trivedi, S. B. Zavada, J. M. TI Mid-infrared emission properties of Nd-doped lead halides for photonic applications SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING B-SOLID STATE MATERIALS FOR ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Meeting of the European-Materials-Research-Society CY MAY 28-JUN 01, 2007 CL Strasbourg, FRANCE DE infrared emissions; solid-state lasers; rare-earth doping ID QUANTUM-CASCADE LASERS; MID-IR TRANSITIONS; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; RAMAN-SCATTERING; MU-M; CRYSTALS; NEODYMIUM; KPB2CL5; CHLORIDE; KPB2BR5 AB The development of rare earth host materials with low maximum phonon energies remains of current interest for infrared (IR) light source development. In this work, we present results of the material preparation and mid-IR emission properties of Nd-doped lead halides PbX2 (X = Cl, Br, and I). Lead halides are characterized by maximum phonon energies of less than similar to 200cm(-1), which leads to small non-radiative decay rates for intra-4f rare earth transitions. Nd-doped lead halides were synthesized from purified starting materials and were grown by vertical Bridgman technique. Under diode-laser excitation at similar to 808 nm, all investigated samples exhibited broad Nd3+ emission bands centered at similar to 2.6 and similar to 5.2 mu m with decay times in the millisecond range. The dominant contributions of these emission bands were assigned to the transitions I-4(13/2) -> I-4(9/2) (2.6 mu m) and I-4(11/2) -> I-4(9/2) (5.2 mu m), respectively. The temperature dependence of the 5.2 mu m emission lifetime revealed significant difference between the samples and showed a 80, 11, and 17% reduction between 77 K and room-temperature for Nd:PbCl2, Nd:PbBr2, and Nd:PbI2, respectively. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Brown, E.; Hommerich, U.] Hampton Univ, Dept Phys, Hampton, VA 23668 USA. [Bluiett, A. G.] Elizabeth City State Univ, Dept Chem & Phys, Elizabeth City, NC 27909 USA. [Trivedi, S. B.] Brimrose Corp Amer, Baltimore, MD 21152 USA. [Zavada, J. M.] USA, Res Off, Durham, NC 27709 USA. RP Brown, E (reprint author), Hampton Univ, Dept Phys, Hampton, VA 23668 USA. EM eiei.nyein@hamptonu.edu NR 25 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0921-5107 J9 MAT SCI ENG B-SOLID JI Mater. Sci. Eng. B-Solid State Mater. Adv. Technol. PD JAN 15 PY 2008 VL 146 IS 1-3 BP 103 EP 106 DI 10.1016/j.mseb.2007.07.051 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA 255OW UT WOS:000252668300021 ER PT J AU Bluiett, AG Pinkney, E Brown, EE Hommerich, U Amedzake, P Trivedi, SB Zavada, JM AF Bluiett, A. G. Pinkney, E. Brown, E. E. Hommerich, U. Amedzake, P. Trivedi, S. B. Zavada, J. M. TI Energy transfer processes in doubly doped Yb, Pr : KPb2Cl5 for mid-infrared laser applications SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING B-SOLID STATE MATERIALS FOR ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Meeting of the European-Materials-Research-Society CY MAY 28-JUN 01, 2007 CL Strasbourg, FRANCE DE rare earth ions; mid-infrared materials; potasium lead chloride; energy transfer ID RARE-EARTH IONS; MU-M; CRYSTALS; FLUORESCENCE; KPB2CL5; GLASSES; DECAY; LUMINESCENCE; NEODYMIUM; MIGRATION AB Mid-infrared emission at 4-5 mu m, originating from the first excited state of Pr3+,was generated by means of Yb3+ sensitization in Yb, Pr:KPb2Cl5 crystals. The mechanisms involved in sensitizing Pr3+ ions were determined by studying the decay kinetics of the F-2(5/2) -> F-2(7/2) transition of Yb3+. It was observed that emission lifetime of the F-2(5/2) -> F-2(7/2) transition was reduced considerably from 492 mu s in singly doped Yb:KPb2Cl5 to 139 mu s (2 wt.% Pr) and 30 mu s (5 wt.% Pr) in doubly doped Yb, Pr:KPb2Cl5 crystals. The significant reduction in the decay time of Yb3+ indicates efficient energy transfer between Yb -> Pr under 970 nm excitation. Under similar experimental conditions, no 4-5 mu m emission was observed from singly doped Pr:KPb2Cl5 crystal. The main energy transfer mechanisms in Yb, Pr:KPb2Cl5 were tentatively assigned to direct Yb -> Pr energy transfer and Yb -> Yb energy migration to distant Pr3+ ions. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Bluiett, A. G.; Pinkney, E.] Elizabeth City State Univ, Dept Chem & Phys, Elizabeth City, NC 27909 USA. [Brown, E. E.; Hommerich, U.; Amedzake, P.] Hampton Univ, Dept Phys, Hampton, VA 23668 USA. [Trivedi, S. B.] Brimrose Corp Amer, Baltimore, MD 21152 USA. [Zavada, J. M.] USA, Res Off, Durham, NC 27709 USA. RP Bluiett, AG (reprint author), Elizabeth City State Univ, Dept Chem & Phys, Elizabeth City, NC 27909 USA. EM ablulett@mail.ecsu.edu NR 25 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0921-5107 J9 MAT SCI ENG B-SOLID JI Mater. Sci. Eng. B-Solid State Mater. Adv. Technol. PD JAN 15 PY 2008 VL 146 IS 1-3 BP 110 EP 113 DI 10.1016/j.mseb.2007.07.091 PG 4 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA 255OW UT WOS:000252668300023 ER PT J AU Makarova, K Stachowicz, M Glukhanyuk, V Kozanecki, A Ugolini, C Lin, JY Jiang, HX Zavada, J AF Makarova, K. Stachowicz, M. Glukhanyuk, V. Kozanecki, A. Ugolini, C. Lin, J. Y. Jiang, H. X. Zavada, J. TI Spectroscopic studies of Er-centers in MOCVD grown GaN layers highly doped with Er SO MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING B-SOLID STATE MATERIALS FOR ADVANCED TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Meeting of the European-Materials-Research-Society CY MAY 28-JUN 01, 2007 CL Strasbourg, FRANCE DE gallium nitride; erbium; photoluminescence; site-selective spectroscopy ID IMPLANTED GAN; PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; EXCITATION; ERBIUM AB We report on the high-resolution photoluminescence (PL) and electron spin resonance (ESR) studies of highly Er-doped (2 x 10(20) to 2 x 10(21) cm(-3)) MOCVD grown GaN epilayers. The high-resolution Fourier transform of the I-4(13/2) -> I-4(15/2) PL of Er3+ near 1.5 mu m, site-selective PL and PL excitation measurements show that in MOCVD grown GaN only one type of Er-centers exists. This conclusion has been confirmed by ESR measurements. In ESR the axial Er3+ spectrum was observed with g(parallel to) = 2.861 and g(perpendicular to) = 7.645 characteristic for substitutional Er ions at Ga sites (C-3v symmetry). Angular dependence of the ESR did not point to the existence of other centers. (c) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Makarova, K.; Stachowicz, M.; Glukhanyuk, V.; Kozanecki, A.] Polish Acad Sci, Inst Phys, PL-02668 Warsaw, Poland. [Ugolini, C.; Lin, J. Y.; Jiang, H. X.] Kansas State Univ, Manhattan, KS 66506 USA. [Zavada, J.] USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Kozanecki, A (reprint author), Polish Acad Sci, Inst Phys, Al Lotnikow 32-46, PL-02668 Warsaw, Poland. EM kozana@ifpan.edu.pl RI Lin, Jingyu/A-7276-2011; Jiang, Hongxing/F-3635-2011 OI Lin, Jingyu/0000-0003-1705-2635; Jiang, Hongxing/0000-0001-9892-4292 NR 14 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 2 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0921-5107 J9 MAT SCI ENG B-SOLID JI Mater. Sci. Eng. B-Solid State Mater. Adv. Technol. PD JAN 15 PY 2008 VL 146 IS 1-3 BP 193 EP 195 DI 10.1016/j.mseb.2007.07.032 PG 3 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA 255OW UT WOS:000252668300042 ER PT J AU MacMillan, DK Majerus, CR Laubscher, RD Shannon, JP AF MacMillan, Denise K. Majerus, Chelsea R. Laubscher, Randy D. Shannon, John P. TI A reproducible method for determination of nitrocellulose in soil SO TALANTA LA English DT Article DE nitrocellulose; propellants; base hydrolysis; ion chromatography AB A reproducible analytical method for determination of nitrocellulose in soil is described. The new method provides the precision and accuracy needed for quantitation of nitrocellulose in soils to enable worker safety on contaminated sites. The method utilizes water and ethanol washes to remove co-contaminants, acetone extraction of nitrocellulose, and base hydrolysis of the extract to reduce nitrate groups. The hydrolysate is then neutralized and analyzed by ion chromatography for determination of free nitrate and nitrite. A variety of bases for hydrolysis and acids for neutralization were evaluated, with 5N sodium hydroxide and carbon dioxide giving the most complete hydrolysis and interference-free neutralization, respectively. The concentration of nitrocellulose in the soil is calculated from the concentrations of nitrate and nitrite and the weight percentage of nitrogen content in nitrocellulose. The laboratory detection limit for the analysis is 10 mg/kg. The method acceptance range for recovery of nitrocellulose from control samples is 78-105%. (c) 2007 Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 [MacMillan, Denise K.] Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Environm Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. [Majerus, Chelsea R.] Univ Nebraska, Omaha, NE 68132 USA. [Laubscher, Randy D.; Shannon, John P.] SpecPro Inc, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP MacMillan, DK (reprint author), US EPA, 109 TW Alexander Dr,Mail Drop D305-02,RTP, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27511 USA. EM macmillan.denise@epa.gov NR 15 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0039-9140 J9 TALANTA JI Talanta PD JAN 15 PY 2008 VL 74 IS 4 BP 1026 EP 1031 DI 10.1016/j.talanta.2007.08.013 PG 6 WC Chemistry, Analytical SC Chemistry GA 261ER UT WOS:000253062400084 PM 18371744 ER PT J AU Wensel, J Wright, B Thomas, D Douglas, W Mannhalter, B Cross, W Hong, HP Kellar, J Smith, P Roy, W AF Wensel, Jesse Wright, Brian Thomas, Dustin Douglas, Wayne Mannhalter, Bert Cross, William Hong, Haiping Kellar, Jon Smith, Pauline Roy, Walter TI Enhanced thermal conductivity by aggregation in heat transfer nanofluids containing metal oxide nanoparticles and carbon nanotubes SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID SUSPENSIONS; POINT AB An approximately 10% increase in the thermal conductivity (TC) of heat transfer nanofluids containing metal oxide nanoparticles and carbon nanotubes has been determined with very low percentage loading (around 0.02 wt %) of these two nanomaterials. These fluids are very stable and the viscosity remains approximately the same as water. A possible explanation for these interesting results is the aggregation of metal oxide particles on the surface of nanotubes by electrostatic attraction and form the aggregation chain along the nanotube. Time dependant magnetic results demonstrate that, under the influence of a strong outside magnetic field, the TC value decreases. Also, the TC value decreases when the pH is shifted from 7 to 11.45. (c) 2008 American Institute of Physics. C1 [Wensel, Jesse; Wright, Brian; Thomas, Dustin; Douglas, Wayne; Mannhalter, Bert; Cross, William; Hong, Haiping; Kellar, Jon] S Dakota Sch Mines & Technol, Dept Mat & Met Engn, Rapid City, SD 57701 USA. [Smith, Pauline; Roy, Walter] USA, Ballist Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Wensel, J (reprint author), S Dakota Sch Mines & Technol, Dept Mat & Met Engn, Rapid City, SD 57701 USA. EM haiping.hong@sdsmt.edu NR 16 TC 63 Z9 63 U1 2 U2 15 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JAN 14 PY 2008 VL 92 IS 2 AR 023110 DI 10.1063/1.2834370 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 252UA UT WOS:000252470900089 ER PT J AU Nuss, JE Choksi, KB DeFord, JH Papaconstantinou, J AF Nuss, Jonathan E. Choksi, Kashyap B. DeFord, James H. Papaconstantinou, John TI Decreased enzyme activities of chaperones PD1 and BiP in aged mouse livers SO BIOCHEMICAL AND BIOPHYSICAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE aging; BiP; carbonylation; chaperone modification; PDI; protein folding; oxidative stress ID PROTEIN-DISULFIDE-ISOMERASE; ENDOPLASMIC-RETICULUM; ER STRESS; OXIDIZED PROTEINS; IN-VITRO; BINDING; COMPLEXES; DISSOCIATION; DEGRADATION; ACONITASE AB The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a target for endogenously generated reactive oxygen species (ROS) during aging. We have previously shown that the ER chaperones, protein disulfide isomerase (PDI) and immunoglobulin heavy chain binding protein (BiP), are oxidatively modified within the livers of aged mice. In this study we assess the functional consequences of the age-dependent oxidation of these two proteins. Specific activity measurements, performed on purified protein samples obtained from young and aged mouse livers, show definitive decreases in BiP ATPase activity and dramatic reductions in PDI enzymatic activity with age. Overall, these results suggest that protein folding and other activities mediated through PDI and BiP are diminished during aging. Furthermore, the relative loss of these chaperone-like activities could directly contribute to the age-dependent accumulation of misfolded proteins, a characteristic of the aging phenotype. (c) 2007 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Texas Galveston, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Med Branch, Galveston, TX 77555 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, TRUE Res Fdn, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. Clayton Fdn Res, Houston, TX 77056 USA. RP Papaconstantinou, J (reprint author), Univ Texas Galveston, Dept Biochem & Mol Biol, Med Branch, 301 Univ Blvd Route 0643, Galveston, TX 77555 USA. EM jpapacon@utmb.edu RI Papaconstantinou, John/E-3312-2010 FU NIA NIH HHS [1 P30 AG024832-03, 1P01 AG021830, P01 AG021830, P01 AG021830-01A2, P30 AG024832, P30 AG024832-039003]; PHS HHS [NIEHS T32-07254] NR 38 TC 50 Z9 50 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0006-291X J9 BIOCHEM BIOPH RES CO JI Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. PD JAN 11 PY 2008 VL 365 IS 2 BP 355 EP 361 DI 10.1016/j.bbrc.2007.10.194 PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biophysics GA 239BW UT WOS:000251494000025 PM 17996725 ER PT J AU Wang, Y Au, G Plichta, EJ Zheng, JP AF Wang, Yang Au, G. Plichta, E. J. Zheng, J. P. TI A semi-empirical method for electrically modeling of fuel cell: Executed on a direct methanol fuel cell SO JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES LA English DT Article DE DMFC; fuel cell model; impedance; equivalent circuit; dynamic behavior ID ELECTROCHEMICAL IMPEDANCE SPECTROSCOPY; CATALYST LAYER; AC-IMPEDANCE AB In this paper, a novel semi-empirical modeling method to mathematically derive a nonlinear equivalent circuit from a special group of impedance fuel cell models is proposed. As an example, a 5-cm(2) direct methanol fuel cell (DMFC) was modeled by this method. The derived equivalent circuit is composed of lumped nonlinear resistors, capacitors and an inductor. The nonlinear circuit has an impedance equivalent to the target fuel cell in various operating conditions and provides a good approximation of the static and transient behaviors of the fuel cell. The equivalent circuit fuel cell model was validated by comparing its numerical simulation results with its polarization curve and the dynamic behavior of the target DMFC. These comparisons were performed while the DMFC was operating under square current pulses with different upper and low current levels. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Wang, Yang; Zheng, J. P.] Florida A&M Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Tallahassee, FL 32310 USA. [Wang, Yang; Zheng, J. P.] Florida State Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32310 USA. [Au, G.; Plichta, E. J.] USA, CERDEC, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. [Zheng, J. P.] Florida State Univ, Ctr Adv Power Syst, Tallahassee, FL 32310 USA. RP Zheng, JP (reprint author), Florida A&M Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Tallahassee, FL 32310 USA. EM zheng@eng.fsu.edu NR 18 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-7753 J9 J POWER SOURCES JI J. Power Sources PD JAN 10 PY 2008 VL 175 IS 2 BP 851 EP 860 DI 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2007.09.101 PG 10 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA 255CM UT WOS:000252634300019 ER PT J AU Cook, MB Zhang, Y Graubard, BI Rubertone, MV Erickson, RL McGlynn, KA AF Cook, M. B. Zhang, Y. Graubard, B. I. Rubertone, M. V. Erickson, R. L. McGlynn, K. A. TI Risk of testicular germ-cell tumours in relation to childhood physical activity SO BRITISH JOURNAL OF CANCER LA English DT Article DE testicular cancer; physical activity; case-control ID CANCER; TESTIS; TRENDS; ETIOLOGY; PROSTATE AB The US Servicemen's Testicular Tumor Environmental and Endocrine Determinants ( STEED) case-control study of testicular germ-cell tumours (TGCTs) enrolled participants and their mothers in 2002-2005. Hours of sports or vigorous childhood physical activity per week were ascertained for three time periods; 1st-5th grades, 6th-8th grades and 9th-12th grades. Son- and mother-reports were analysed separately and included 539 control son-mother pairs and 499 case son-mother pairs. Odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals were produced. The analysis of the sons' responses found no relationship between childhood physical activity and TGCT, while the mothers' analysis found an inverse association, which was solely due to nonseminoma. Future studies should seek to validate responses further using recorded information sources such as school records. C1 [Cook, M. B.; Graubard, B. I.; McGlynn, K. A.] NCI, Hormonal & Reproduct Epidemiol Branch, Div Canc Epidemiol & Genet, NIH,DHHS, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Zhang, Y.] Yale Univ, Sch Med, Div Environm Hlth Sci, New Haven, CT 06510 USA. [Rubertone, M. V.] USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Silver Spring, MD 21010 USA. [Erickson, R. L.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD 20814 USA. RP Cook, MB (reprint author), NCI, Hormonal & Reproduct Epidemiol Branch, Div Canc Epidemiol & Genet, NIH,DHHS, EPS-5005,6120 Execut Blvd, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM cookmich@mail.nih.gov RI Cook, Michael/A-5641-2009 OI Cook, Michael/0000-0002-0533-7302 FU Intramural NIH HHS [ZIA CP010126-15] NR 18 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0007-0920 J9 BRIT J CANCER JI Br. J. Cancer PD JAN 8 PY 2008 VL 98 IS 1 BP 174 EP 178 DI 10.1038/sj.bjc.6604109 PG 5 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 249RL UT WOS:000252247300031 PM 18026189 ER PT J AU Nath, R Zhong, S Alpay, SP Huey, BD Cole, MW AF Nath, R. Zhong, S. Alpay, S. P. Huey, B. D. Cole, M. W. TI Enhanced piezoelectric response from barium strontium titanate multilayer films SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID DIELECTRIC-PROPERTIES; FORCE MICROSCOPY; THIN-FILMS; BATIO3/SRTIO3 SUPERLATTICES; POLARIZATION; COMPOSITE; CERAMICS AB Multilayered and homogeneous thin films of Ba(x)Sr(1-x)TiO(3) (BST) were grown on Pt-coated Si substrates via metal-organic solution deposition. The multilayer 220 nm thick BST heterostructure consisted of Ba(0.60)Sr(0.40)TiO(3), Ba(0.75)Sr(0.25)TiO(3), and Ba(0.90)Sr(0.10)TiO(3). A single composition 220 nm thick Ba(0.60)Sr(0.40)TiO(3) was also grown for comparison. The piezoelectric properties were measured using piezoresponse force microscopy. There is approximately a 50% improvement in the piezoelectric response of the multilayered heterostructure compared to the homogeneous sample, with some spatial inhomogeneity. This enhancement can be attributed to the internal potential that arises from the polarization gradient and the commensurate built-in strain in the multilayer sample. (c) 2008 American Institute of Physics. C1 [Nath, R.; Zhong, S.; Alpay, S. P.; Huey, B. D.] Univ Connecticut, Mat Sci & Engn Program, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. [Nath, R.; Zhong, S.; Alpay, S. P.; Huey, B. D.] Univ Connecticut, Inst Sci Mat, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. [Cole, M. W.] USA Res Lab, Active Mat Res Grp, Weap & Mat Res Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Huey, BD (reprint author), Univ Connecticut, Mat Sci & Engn Program, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. EM bhuey@ims.uconn.edu RI Nath, Ramesh/A-4806-2010; Alpay, Pamir/E-2666-2013; Huey, Bryan/G-7512-2014 OI Huey, Bryan/0000-0002-1441-1180 NR 21 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 1 U2 13 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD JAN 7 PY 2008 VL 92 IS 1 AR 012916 DI 10.1063/1.2825287 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 250FA UT WOS:000252284200123 ER PT J AU Lee, JE Kuehne, A Abelson, DM Fusco, ML Hart, MK Saphire, EO AF Lee, Jeffrey E. Kuehne, Ana Abelson, Dafna M. Fusco, Marnie L. Hart, Mary Kate Saphire, Erica Ollmann TI Complex of a protective antibody with its Ebola virus GP peptide epitope: Unusual features of a V lambda(x) light chain SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Ebola virus; V lambda(x) light chain; noncanonical hypervariable loop; neutralizing antibody; Fab-peptide complex ID V-LAMBDA-X; CRYSTALLOGRAPHIC STRUCTURE DETERMINATION; HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER; CANONICAL STRUCTURES; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURES; VARIABLE REGION; PROTEIN; GLYCOPROTEIN; INFECTION AB 13F6-1-2 is a murine monoclonal antibody that recognizes the heavily glycosylated mucin-like domain of the Ebola virus virion-attached glycoprotein (GP) and protects animals against lethal viral challenge. Here we present the crystal structure, at 2.0 angstrom, of 13F6-1-2 in complex with its Ebola virus GP peptide epitope. The GP peptide binds in an extended conformation, anchored primarily by interactions with the heavy chain. Two GP residues, Gln P406 and Arg P409, make extensive side-chain hydrogen bond and electrostatic interactions with the antibody and are likely critical for recognition and affinity. The 13F6-1-2 antibody utilizes a rare V lambda(x) light chain. The three fight-chain complementarity-determining regions do not adopt canonical conformations and represent new classes of structures distinct from V kappa and other V lambda light chains. In addition, although V lambda(x) had been thought to confer specificity, all light-chain contacts are mediated through germ-line-encoded residues. This structure of an antibody that protects against the Ebola virus now provides a framework for humanization and development of a postexposure immunotherapeutic. (c) 2007 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Lee, Jeffrey E.; Abelson, Dafna M.; Fusco, Marnie L.; Saphire, Erica Ollmann] Scripps Res Inst, Dept Immunol, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. [Kuehne, Ana; Hart, Mary Kate] US Army Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Virol, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. RP Saphire, EO (reprint author), Scripps Res Inst, Dept Immunol, 10550 N Torrey Pines Rd, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. EM erica@scripps.edu FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI053423, AI067927, R01 AI067927, R01 AI067927-01A1, R01 AI067927-02] NR 52 TC 25 Z9 28 U1 1 U2 5 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0022-2836 J9 J MOL BIOL JI J. Mol. Biol. PD JAN 4 PY 2008 VL 375 IS 1 BP 202 EP 216 DI 10.1016/j.jmb.2007.10.017 PG 15 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 246JA UT WOS:000252002100017 PM 18005986 ER PT J AU Williams, AJ Tortella, FC Gryder, D Hartings, JA AF Williams, Anthony J. Tortella, Frank C. Gryder, Divina Hartings, Jed A. TI Topiramate reduces non-convulsive seizures after focal brain ischemia in the rat SO NEUROSCIENCE LETTERS LA English DT Article DE brain injury; seizure; non-convulsive; topiramate; EEG; MCAo; rat; focal ischemia ID INTENSIVE-CARE-UNIT; ANTIEPILEPTIC DRUGS; STATUS EPILEPTICUS; NEURONS; INJURY; MODEL; PHARMACOKINETICS; NEUROPROTECTION; ANTICONVULSANT; GABAPENTIN AB Acute "silent" seizures after brain injury are associated with a worsening of patient outcome and are often refractory to anti-epileptic drug (AED) therapy. In the present study we evaluated topiramate (TPM, 1-30 mg/kg, i.v.) in a rodent model of spontaneous non-convulsive seizure (NCS) activity induced by focal cerebral ischemia. For seizure detection, electroencephalographic (EEG) activity was continuously recorded for 24 h in male Sprague-Dawley rats subjected to permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo). Infarct volume, neurological deficit, and NCS were evaluated by an experimenter blinded to the treatment group. All vehicle treated rats (7/7) exhibited NCS following MCAo. TPM treatment, delivered at 20 min post-occlusion and prior to onset of NCS activity, dose-dependently reduced the incidence of NCS (ED50 = 21.1 mg/kg). The highest dose of TPM tested (30 mg/kg) exhibited maximal reductions of 76% in the number of NCS/rat (vehicle = 22.1 +/- 5.3, TPM = 4.4 +/- 3.2, P < 0.05), 80% in the total time of NCS (vehicle = 1259 +/- 337 s, TPM = 253 +/- 220 s, P < 0.05), 20% in core brain infarction (vehicle = 45 +/- 1%, TPM = 36 +/- 4%, percent of ipsilateral volume corrected for swelling, P < 0.05), and 38% in neurological deficit score (vehicle = 7.4 +/- 1.2, TPM = 4.6 +/- 1.5, P < 0.05). Despite efficacy as a pre-seizure treatment, TPM was not effective when delivered immediately following onset of the first NCS event (36 +/- 5 min post-MCAo). In conclusion, TPM exhibited significant efficacy for the prophylactic treatment of brain-injury induced NCS and represents a novel class of AED for treatment of this type of silent brain seizure. Published by Elsevier Ireland Ltd. C1 [Williams, Anthony J.; Tortella, Frank C.; Gryder, Divina; Hartings, Jed A.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Appl Neurobiol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Tortella, FC (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Appl Neurobiol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM frank.tortella@na.amedd.army.mil NR 35 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0304-3940 J9 NEUROSCI LETT JI Neurosci. Lett. PD JAN 3 PY 2008 VL 430 IS 1 BP 7 EP 12 DI 10.1016/j.neulet.2007.09.052 PG 6 WC Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 261IF UT WOS:000253071600002 PM 18063309 ER PT J AU Peterson, GW Karwacki, CJ Feaver, WB Rossin, JA AF Peterson, Gregory W. Karwacki, Christopher J. Feaver, William B. Rossin, Joseph A. TI H-ZSM-5 for the removal of ethylene oxide: Effects of water on filtration performance SO INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID ADSORPTION; ZEOLITES; IR AB Zeolite H-ZSM-5 with a SiO2/Al2O3 ratio of 25 was evaluated for its ability to remove ethylene oxide (EtO) from streams of air at 25 degrees C and between 15 and 90% relative humidity (RH). The primary mechanism for the removal of ethylene oxide using H-ZSM-5 involves a catalyzed hydrolysis reaction initiated by the adsorption of EtO onto a Bronsted acid site. Secondary addition reactions leading to the formation of polyglycols are also occurring. The reaction is poisoned by the accumulation of reaction products within the pores of the zeolite, which ultimately leads to elution of EtO from the filter bed. The ability of H-ZSM-5 to remove EtO decreased significantly as the relative humidity increased from 50 to 90%. For example, the EtO, breakthrough time decreases from 220 min at 50% RH to 57 min at 90% RH. The decrease in the EtO breakthrough time over the stated RH range is attributed to the increased hydration of the Bronsted acid site. As the extent of Bronsted acid site, hydration increases, the reactivity of the site is reduced, leading to a reduction in the EtO breakthrough time. C1 [Peterson, Gregory W.; Karwacki, Christopher J.] USA, Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. [Feaver, William B.; Rossin, Joseph A.] Guild Assoc Inc, Dublin, OH 43016 USA. RP Rossin, JA (reprint author), USA, Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, 5183 Blackhawk Rd, Bldg E3549, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM jarossin@guildassociates.com NR 15 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 9 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0888-5885 J9 IND ENG CHEM RES JI Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. PD JAN 2 PY 2008 VL 47 IS 1 BP 185 EP 191 DI 10.1021/ie070521w PG 7 WC Engineering, Chemical SC Engineering GA 245DR UT WOS:000251915600021 ER PT S AU Ostashev, VE Vecherin, SN Wilson, DK Ziemann, A Goedecke, GH AF Ostashev, V. E. Vecherin, S. N. Wilson, D. K. Ziemann, A. Goedecke, G. H. BE Mann, J Bingol, F Courtney, M Jorgensen, HE Lindelow, P Mikkelsen, T Pena, A Sjoholm, M Wagner, R TI Recent progress in acoustic tomography of the atmosphere SO 14TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM FOR THE ADVANCEMENT OF BOUNDARY LAYER REMOTE SENSING SE IOP Conference Series-Earth and Environmental Science LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 14th International Symposium for the Advancement of Boundary Layer Remote Sensing CY JUN 23-25, 2008 CL Tech Univ Denmark, Copenhagen, DENMARK HO Tech Univ Denmark ID TRAVEL-TIME TOMOGRAPHY; DEPENDENT STOCHASTIC INVERSION; BOUNDARY-LAYER; SURFACE-LAYER; TEMPERATURE; EXPLOSIONS; RECONSTRUCTION; ANIMALS; FIELD; WIND AB Acoustic tomography of the atmospheric surface layer is based on measurements of travel times of sound propagation among different pairs of sources and receivers usually located several meters above the ground on a horizontal scale of about 100 in. The measured travel times are used as input data in an inverse algorithm for reconstruction of temperature and wind velocity fields. Improved knowledge of these fields is important in boundary layer meteorology, theories of turbulence, and studies of electromagnetic and acoustic wave propagation in the atmosphere. In this paper, a short overview and current status of acoustic travel-time tomography of the atmosphere are presented. A brief description of a 3D array for acoustic tomography of the atmosphere which is being built at the Boulder Atmospheric Observatory is given. Furthermore, different inverse algorithms for reconstruction of temperature and velocity fields are discussed, including stochastic inversion and a recently developed time-dependent stochastic inversion. The latter inverse algorithm was used to reconstruct temperature and wind velocity fields in acoustic tomography experiments. Examples of the reconstructed fields are presented and discussed. C1 [Ostashev, V. E.] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA. [Ostashev, V. E.; Vecherin, S. N.; Goedecke, G. H.] New Mexico State Univ, Dept Phys, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. [Wilson, D. K.] US Army, Engn Res & Dev Ctr, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. [Ziemann, A.] US Army, Engn Res & Dev Ctr, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Ostashev, VE (reprint author), NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA. EM vladimir.ostashev@noaa.gov RI Wilson, D. Keith/A-4687-2012 OI Wilson, D. Keith/0000-0002-8020-6871 FU U.S. Army Research Office [W911NF-06-1-0007, DAAD19-03-1-0341] FX This material is partly based upon work that was supported by the U.S. Army Research Office under contracts W911NF-06-1-0007 and DAAD19-03-1-0341. 14th International Symposium for the Advancement of Boundary Layer Remote Sensing IOP Publishing IOP Conf. Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1 (2008) 012008 NR 41 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1755-1307 J9 IOP C SER EARTH ENV JI IOP Conf. Ser. Earth Envir. Sci. PY 2008 VL 1 DI 10.1088/1755-1307/1/1/012008 PG 10 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Remote Sensing SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Remote Sensing GA BHW10 UT WOS:000256952700008 ER PT S AU Wilson, DK Ostashev, VE Goedecke, GH AF Wilson, D. Keith Ostashev, Vladimir E. Goedecke, George H. BE Mann, J Bingol, F Courtney, M Jorgensen, HE Lindelow, P Mikkelsen, T Pena, A Sjoholm, M Wagner, R TI Quasi-wavelet formulations of turbulence and wave scattering SO 14TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM FOR THE ADVANCEMENT OF BOUNDARY LAYER REMOTE SENSING SE IOP Conference Series-Earth and Environmental Science LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 14th International Symposium for the Advancement of Boundary Layer Remote Sensing CY JUN 23-25, 2008 CL Tech Univ Denmark, Copenhagen, DENMARK HO Tech Univ Denmark ID ATMOSPHERIC SURFACE-LAYER; LOCAL-STRUCTURE; BOUNDARY-LAYER; INTERMITTENCY; MODEL; FLUCTUATIONS; PROPAGATION; FLUID AB Quasi-wavelets (QWs) are particle-like entities similar to customary wavelets in that they are based on translations and dilations of a spatially localized parent function. The positions and orientations are, however, normally taken to be random. Random fields such as turbulence may be usefully represented as ensembles of QWs with appropriately selected size distributions, number densities, and amplitudes. This paper provides an overview of previous results concerning QWs. The points of emphasis are the following. (1) Self-similar ensembles of QWs with rotation rates scaling according to Kolmogorov's hypotheses naturally produce classical inertial-subrange and von Karman-like spectra. (2) The spatially localized nature of QWs can be advantageous in wave-scattering calculations and other applications. The scattered wavefield from a single QW can be readily derived and then integrated over scale and volume to obtain expressions for the total scattering cross section. (3) Anistropy, and momentum and heat transfer, in surface-layer turbulence can be described by introducing preferred orientations and correlations among QWs representing temperature and velocity perturbations. (4) Unlike Fourier modes, QWs can be naturally arranged in a spatially intermittent manner. Models for both local (intrinsic) and global intermittency are described. C1 [Wilson, D. Keith] USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. [Ostashev, Vladimir E.] NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA. [Ostashev, Vladimir E.] New Mexico State Univ, Dept Phys, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. RP Wilson, DK (reprint author), USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. EM D.Keith.Wilson@usace.army.mil RI Wilson, D. Keith/A-4687-2012 OI Wilson, D. Keith/0000-0002-8020-6871 NR 28 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IOP PUBLISHING LTD PI BRISTOL PA DIRAC HOUSE, TEMPLE BACK, BRISTOL BS1 6BE, ENGLAND SN 1755-1307 J9 IOP C SER EARTH ENV JI IOP Conf. Ser. Earth Envir. Sci. PY 2008 VL 1 DI 10.1088/1755-1307/1/1/012041 PG 10 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Remote Sensing SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Remote Sensing GA BHW10 UT WOS:000256952700041 ER PT S AU Jankowski, NR Everhart, L Geil, BR Tipton, CW Chaney, J Heil, T Zimbeck, W AF Jankowski, Nicholas R. Everhart, Lauren Geil, Bruce R. Tipton, C. Wesley Chaney, Jared Heil, Todd Zimbeck, Walter GP IEEE TI Stereolithographically fabricated aluminum nitride microchannel substrates for integrated power electronics cooling SO 2008 11TH IEEE INTERSOCIETY CONFERENCE ON THERMAL AND THERMOMECHANICAL PHENOMENA IN ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS, VOLS 1-3 SE Intersociety Conference on Thermal and Thermomechanical Phenomena in Electronic Systems LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 11th Intersociety Conference on Thermal and Thermomechanical Phenomena in Electronic Systems CY MAY 28-31, 2008 CL Orlando, FL SP IEEE DE ceramic; heat sink; microcooling; stereolithography; rapid prototyping; microfabrication; power electronics ID HEAT SINK; OPTIMIZATION; DEVICES AB The presence of multiple thermally resistive layers in power electronics packages diminishes the enhanced convective benefit of high-performance microchannel cold plates. One improvement reported here is the development of stereolithographically defined aluminum nitride (AlN) microchannel integrated coldplates as substrates for power electronics packages. High-resolution fabrication of green ceramic parts using a standard stereolithography machine has been enabled by the development of photosensitive ceramic materials. Complex microchannel integrated AlN substrates with simplified fluid connections have been produced with 2-3mm channel height and channel width down to 200 mu m. This structure bypasses the majority of the traditional thermal stack, bringing the coolant closer to the heat source. The substrates were packaged and tested with 4mm Silicon Carbide pin diodes as heat sources at pressure drops from < 1 kPa up to 70kPa (10 psi) and power levels exceeding 80W (500 W/cm(2)). Measured total thermal stack resistivity on best performing devices was about 0.1 K-cm(-2)/W at 70 kPa (similar to 10 psi) and 0.14 K-cm(2)/W at 5 kPa (similar to 0.7 psi). Paths for further performance improvement, broadening of fabrication possibilities, and transition to real-world systems are briefly discussed. C1 [Jankowski, Nicholas R.; Everhart, Lauren; Geil, Bruce R.; Tipton, C. Wesley] USA, Res Lab, Power Components Branch, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. [Chaney, Jared; Heil, Todd; Zimbeck, Walter] Technol Assessment & Transfer Inc, Annapolis, MD 21401 USA. RP Jankowski, NR (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Power Components Branch, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM nicholas.jankowski@us.army.mil; zimbo@techassess.com NR 21 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1087-9870 BN 978-1-4244-1700-1 J9 INTERSOC C THERMAL T PY 2008 BP 180 EP + DI 10.1109/ITHERM.2008.4544269 PG 3 WC Thermodynamics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Engineering GA BID58 UT WOS:000258726500025 ER PT S AU Boncelet, C Marvel, L Henz, B AF Boncelet, Charles Marvel, Lisa Henz, Brian GP IEEE TI RATE INSENSITIVE STEGANALYSIS OF +/- 1 EMBEDDING IN IMAGES SO 2008 15TH IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON IMAGE PROCESSING, VOLS 1-5 SE IEEE International Conference on Image Processing ICIP LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 15th IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP 2008) CY OCT 12-15, 2008 CL San Diego, CA SP IEEE Signal Proc Soc DE Steganalysis; Steganography; image coding AB We present a rate insensitive method for detecting steganography using +/-1 embedding. +/-1 embedding is generally considered to be difficult to detect. In prior work, we developed a high performing method based on statistics computed by a lossless image compressor. However, the method suffered a weakness that the embedding rate needed to be known. In this work, we introduce improved classifiers that work without knowing the rate. The overall classification rate is excellent for the database of images studied. C1 [Boncelet, Charles] Univ Delaware, Newark, DE 19716 USA. [Marvel, Lisa; Henz, Brian] US Army Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Boncelet, C (reprint author), Univ Delaware, Newark, DE 19716 USA. EM boncelet@udel.edu; marvel@arl.army.mil; bhenz@arl.army.mil NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1522-4880 BN 978-1-4244-1765-0 J9 IEEE IMAGE PROC PY 2008 BP 1272 EP 1275 DI 10.1109/ICIP.2008.4711994 PG 4 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Computer Science; Engineering; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BJH64 UT WOS:000265921400319 ER PT S AU Nasrabadi, NM AF Nasrabadi, Nasser M. GP IEEE TI A NONLINEAR KERNEL-BASED JOINT FUSION/DETECTION OF ANOMALIES USING HYPERSPECTRAL AND SAR IMAGERY SO 2008 15TH IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON IMAGE PROCESSING, VOLS 1-5 SE IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 15th IEEE International Conference on Image Processing (ICIP 2008) CY OCT 12-15, 2008 CL San Diego, CA SP IEEE Signal Proc Soc DE Signal detection; nonlinear detection; image classification; pattern recognition; Hyperspectral imaging; anomaly detection; sensor fusion AB In this paper a new nonlinear joint fusion and detection algorithm is proposed for locating anomalies from two different types of sensor data (synthetic aperture radar (SAR) and Hyperspectral sensor (HS) data). The proposed approach jointly exploits the nonlinear correlation or dependencies between the two sensors in order to simultaneously fuse and detect the objects of interest (mines). A well-known anomaly detector, so called RX algorithm is extended to perform fusion and detection simultaneously at the pixel level by appropriately concatenating the information from the two sensors. This approach is then extended to its nonlinear version using the idea of kernel learning which explicitly exploits the higher order dependencies (nonlinear correlations) between the two sensor data through an appropriate kernel. C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20817 USA. RP Nasrabadi, NM (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20817 USA. NR 3 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1522-4880 BN 978-1-4244-1765-0 J9 IEEE IMAGE PROC PY 2008 BP 1864 EP 1867 DI 10.1109/ICIP.2008.4712142 PG 4 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Computer Science; Engineering; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BJH64 UT WOS:000265921400467 ER PT S AU Hudson, TD AF Hudson, Tracy D. GP IEEE TI Development of Piezoelectric RF MEMS Switch and Phase Shifter SO 2008 17TH BIENNIAL UNIVERSITY/GOVERNMENT/INDUSTRY MICRO-NANO SYMPOSIUM, PROCEEDINGS SE University/Government/Industry Micro-Nano Symposium Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 17th Biennial University/Government/Industry Micro-Nano Symposium CY JUL 13-16, 2008 CL Louisville, KY SP JST Mfg Inc, Signatone, KY EPSCoR, Wright Brothers Inc, Univ Louisville, Angstrom Sci, VWR DE RF MEMS; phased array; piezoelectric effect; missile seeker C1 USA, AMRDEC, Weap Sci Directorate, AMSRD AMR WS ID, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. RP Hudson, TD (reprint author), USA, AMRDEC, Weap Sci Directorate, AMSRD AMR WS ID, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0749-6877 BN 978-1-4244-2484-9 J9 U GOV IND MICRO NANO PY 2008 BP 112 EP 115 DI 10.1109/UGIM.2008.36 PG 4 WC Education, Scientific Disciplines; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology SC Education & Educational Research; Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics GA BIK30 UT WOS:000260372400029 ER PT S AU Polcawich, RG Pulskamp, J Judy, D Kaul, R Chandrahalim, H Bhave, S Dubey, M AF Polcawich, Ronald G. Pulskamp, Jeff Judy, Dan Kaul, Roger Chandrahalim, Hengky Bhave, Sunil Dubey, Madan GP IEEE TI PZT Thin Films for RF MEMS Applications SO 2008 17TH IEEE INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON THE APPLICATIONS OF FERROELECTRICS SE IEEE International Symposium on Applications of Ferroelectrics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 17th IEEE International Symposium on Applications of Ferroelectrics CY FEB 23-28, 2008 CL Santa Fe, NM SP IEEE AB In this article, we report on the successful demonstration of lead zirconate titanate (PZT) thin film based MEMS devices for use in radio frequency (RF) systems. Both series and shunt switches operating at or below 10 V and 15 V, respectively, have been developed capable of operating over a wide temperature range. These switches have also been integrated into a 17 GHz, 2-bit reflection phase shifter with an average insertion loss of 2.96 dB. Along with switches and phase shifters, PZT based MEMS resonators show promise in the sub-GHz regime with demonstrated insertion loss values near -12 dB and theoretical predictions approaching better than -3 dB. C1 [Polcawich, Ronald G.; Pulskamp, Jeff; Judy, Dan; Kaul, Roger; Dubey, Madan] USA, Res Lab, AMSRD ARL SE RL, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. [Chandrahalim, Hengky; Bhave, Sunil] Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Polcawich, RG (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, AMSRD ARL SE RL, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1099-4734 BN 978-1-4244-2744-4 J9 IEEE INT FERRO PY 2008 BP 247 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA BLN41 UT WOS:000270584000089 ER PT S AU Cole, MW Ngo, E Hirsch, S Zhong, S Alpay, SP AF Cole, M. W. Ngo, E. Hirsch, S. Zhong, S. Alpay, S. P. GP IEEE TI An Enabling Material Design To Promote Highly Tunable, Low Loss, Performance Consistent BST Thin Films For Tunable Device Applications SO 2008 17TH IEEE INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON THE APPLICATIONS OF FERROELECTRICS SE IEEE International Symposium on Applications of Ferroelectrics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 17th IEEE International Symposium on Applications of Ferroelectrics CY FEB 23-28, 2008 CL Santa Fe, NM SP IEEE AB In this work we demonstrate that a compositionally stratified Ba1-xSrxTiO3 (BST) thin film design (BST60/40-BST75/25-BST90/10) combined with optimized metal-organic solution deposition (MOSD) film fabrication and post-deposition annealing process protocols results in low loss, highly tunable and temperature stable thin film heterostructures. The experimental data demonstrates that the compositionally stratified BST thin film heterostructure has a small-signal dielectric permittivity of 360 with a dissipation factor of 0.012 and a dielectric tunability of 65% at 444 kV/cm. These material properties exhibited minimal dispersion as a function of temperature ranging from 90 to -10 degrees C. Thus, our results suggest that this compositionally stratified material design is an excellent candidate for tunable devices which require both enhanced dielectric response and performance consistency in harsh operational temperature regimes. C1 [Cole, M. W.; Ngo, E.; Hirsch, S.] USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. [Zhong, S.; Alpay, S. P.] Univ Connecticut, Inst Mat Sci, CMBE Dept, Mat Sci & Engn Program, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. RP Cole, MW (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1099-4734 BN 978-1-4244-2744-4 J9 IEEE INT FERRO PY 2008 BP 261 EP 261 PG 1 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA BLN41 UT WOS:000270584000094 ER PT S AU Holgate, MA Hitt, JK Bellman, RD Sugar, TG Hollander, KW AF Holgate, Matthew A. Hitt, Joseph K. Bellman, Ryan D. Sugar, Thomas G. Hollander, Kevin W. GP IEEE TI The SPARKy (Spring Ankle with Regenerative Kinetics) Project: Choosing a DC Motor Based Actuation Method SO 2008 2ND IEEE RAS & EMBS INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON BIOMEDICAL ROBOTICS AND BIOMECHATRONICS (BIOROB 2008), VOLS 1 AND 2 SE Proceedings of the IEEE RAS-EMBS International Conference on Biomedical Robotics and Biomechatronics LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2nd Biennial IEEE RAS-EMBS International Conference on Biomedical Robotics and Biomechatronics (BioRob 2008) CY OCT 19-22, 2008 CL Scottsdale, AZ SP IEEE, RAS, EMBS ID PROSTHETIC FEET; ENERGY-STORAGE; FLEX-FOOT; SACH FOOT; RELEASE AB The design process of a powered robotic ankle prosthesis presents many obstacles that must be overcome. To be practically implemented, such a mechanism must not only run on batteries, but sustain a long running time between recharging. Using springs to passively and actively store and supply energy to the robotic ankle, small DC motors can be optimized to perform high peak power tasks without sacrificing efficiency and net energy usage. Additional techniques are explored with the potential of substantially reducing the energy requirements as well as the size and weight of the prosthesis. The benefits of adding a unidirectional parallel spring with a Robotic Tendon are weighed and the possibility of actively varying the lever arm at which the spring force is applied is analyzed. The different actuation methods are compared to determine which methods work best in different gait regimes. C1 [Holgate, Matthew A.; Bellman, Ryan D.] Arizona State Univ, USA, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Hitt, Joseph K.] Arizona State Univ, US Army, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Sugar, Thomas G.] Arizona State Univ, Polytech Campus, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. [Hollander, Kevin W.] Augspurger Komm Engn Inc, Phoenix, AZ 85040 USA. RP Holgate, MA (reprint author), Arizona State Univ, USA, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. EM matthew.holgate@asu.edu; joseph.hitt@asu.edu; ryan.bellman@asu.edu; thomas.sugar@asu.edu; kevin.hollander@asu.edu FU U.S. Army Military Amputee Research Program; TATRC FX This work was supported in part by the U.S. Army Military Amputee Research Program and TATRC under Contract. NR 20 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 4 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2155-1782 BN 978-1-4244-2882-3 J9 P IEEE RAS-EMBS INT PY 2008 BP 163 EP + DI 10.1109/BIOROB.2008.4762888 PG 2 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Robotics SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Computer Science; Engineering; Robotics GA BLM54 UT WOS:000270540400028 ER PT S AU Cox, P Madsen, C Ryan, KL Convertio, VA Jovanov, E AF Cox, Paul Madsen, Chris Ryan, Kathy L. Convertio, Victor A. Jovanov, Emil GP IEEE TI Investigation of Photoplethysmogram Morphology for the Detection of Hypovolemic States SO 2008 30TH ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY, VOLS 1-8 SE IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 30th Annual International Conference of the IEEE-Engineering-in-Medicine-and-Biology-Society CY AUG 20-24, 2008 CL Vancouver, CANADA SP DEVICIX, Green Coll, Natl Inst Hlth, NIBIB, NSF, PLEXON Inc, UBC Engn Biomed Engn, Univ Washington, Coll Engn, Bentham Sci Publ Ltd, Recent Patents Biomed Engn, Recent Patents Engn DE Photoplethysmogram; Blood Pressure; Real-time processing; Hemorrhage; Hypovolemic states ID ASSOCIATION; PRESSURE; SHOCK AB Medics and first responders to emergencies are often faced with monitoring and assessing victims with very limited resources. Therefore, there is an inherent need for a real-time ambulatory monitoring capability that is portable and low power. This is particularly important for physiological monitoring of life-threatening conditions such as internal hemorrhaging. We propose the use of photoplethysmograrn (PPG) morphology as an indicator of hypovolemic states and study its correlation with blood pressure. In this paper, we compared the PPG morphology with pulse transit time (PTT), which has been investigated for clinical and ambulatory applications. The indicators were tested on data obtained from experiments using lower body negative pressure (LBNP) as a model to simulate hemorrhage in humans. The results of this study indicate that PPG morphology is associated with pulse pressure (systolic minus diastolic blood pressure) and is therefore a promising feature for detection and real-time tracking of hypovolemic states. C1 [Cox, Paul; Madsen, Chris] PERL Res LLC, Huntsville, AL USA. [Ryan, Kathy L.; Convertio, Victor A.] US Army, Inst Surg Res, San Antonio, TX 78234 USA. [Jovanov, Emil] Univ Alabama, Elect & Comp Engn, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA. RP Cox, P (reprint author), PERL Res LLC, Huntsville, AL USA. OI Jovanov, Emil/0000-0001-6754-3518 NR 10 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1557-170X BN 978-1-4244-1814-5 J9 IEEE ENG MED BIO PY 2008 BP 5486 EP + DI 10.1109/IEMBS.2008.4650456 PG 2 WC Engineering, Biomedical; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BIS22 UT WOS:000262404503172 ER PT S AU Cohen, CJ Scott, KA Huber, MJ Rowe, SC Morelli, F AF Cohen, Charles J. Scott, Katherine A. Huber, Marcus J. Rowe, Steven C. Morelli, Frank GP IEEE TI Behavior Recognition Architecture for Surveillance Applications SO 2008 37TH IEEE APPLIED IMAGERY PATTERN RECOGNITION WORKSHOP SE IEEE Applied Imagery Pattern Recognition Workshop LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 37th Applied Imagery and Pattern Recognition Workshop CY OCT 15-17, 2008 CL Washington, DC ID BIOLOGICAL MOTION AB Differentiating between normal human activity and aberrant behavior via closed circuit television cameras is a difficult and fatiguing task. The vigilance required of human observers when engaged in such tasks must remain constant, yet attention falls off dramatically over time. In this paper we propose an architecture for capturing data and creating a test and evaluation system to monitor video sensors and tag aberrant human activities for immediate review by human monitors. A psychological perspective provides the inspiration of depicting isolated human motion by point-light walker (PLW) displays, as they have been shown to be salient for recognition of action. Low level intent detection features are used to provide an initial evaluation of actionable behaviors. This relies on strong tracking algorithms that can function in an unstructured environment under a variety of environmental conditions. Critical to this is creating a description of "suspicious behavior" that can be used by the automated system. The resulting confidence value assessments are useful for monitoring human activities and could potentially provide early warning of IED placement activities. C1 [Cohen, Charles J.; Scott, Katherine A.; Huber, Marcus J.; Rowe, Steven C.] Cybernet Syst Corp, 727 Airport Blvd, Ann Arbor, MI 48108 USA. [Morelli, Frank] US Army, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Cohen, CJ (reprint author), Cybernet Syst Corp, 727 Airport Blvd, Ann Arbor, MI 48108 USA. EM ccohen@cybernet.com; kscott@cybernet.com; mhuber@cybernet.com; srowe@cybernet.com; frank.morelli@us.army.mil NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1550-5219 BN 978-1-4244-3125-0 J9 IEEE APP IMG PAT PY 2008 BP 43 EP + PG 3 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Computer Science; Engineering; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BLL30 UT WOS:000270443200008 ER PT B AU Marvel, L Henz, B Boncelet, C AF Marvel, Lisa Henz, Brian Boncelet, Charles GP IEEE TI Fusing rate-specific SVM classifiers for +/- 1 embedding steganalysis SO 2008 42ND ANNUAL CONFERENCE ON INFORMATION SCIENCES AND SYSTEMS, VOLS 1-3 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 42nd Annual Conference on Information Sciences and Systems CY MAR 19-21, 2008 CL Princeton, NJ SP IEEE AB Steganography techniques can be used to convey hidden information. If done well, the information is difficult to discover and is unknown to an observer. The detection of steganography, known as steganalysis, is an important research pursuit. In previous work, we developed a method of steganalysis for images with messages embedded by an LSB 1 scheme. Our method uses lossless image compression to generate statistics that are fed into a support vector machine (SVM) to classify an image as containing steganography or not. In the initial work, we trained the classifiers using images with a fixed embedding rate. However, it is not realistic to assume knowledge of the potential embedding rate of a suspect image; therefore we introduced the concept of a global classifier trained on multiple embedding rates. In this paper, we propose fusing multiple rate-specific SVMs in an attempt to improve upon the performance of the global classifier. SVM parameters from the rate-specific classifiers (e.g., distance from each models hyperplane) are used as input to the fusing classifier. We demonstrate the performance of this technique and compare it to that of the rate-specific classifier and the global classifier. C1 [Marvel, Lisa; Henz, Brian] USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. [Boncelet, Charles] Univ Delaware, Newark, DE 19716 USA. RP Marvel, L (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. EM marvel@arl.army.mil; bhenz@arl.army.mil; boncelet@udel.edu NR 15 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-2246-3 PY 2008 BP 361 EP + DI 10.1109/CISS.2008.4558552 PG 2 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BIE60 UT WOS:000258931600069 ER PT B AU Valenti, MC Doppalapudi, R Torrieri, D AF Valenti, Matthew C. Doppalapudi, Raghu Torrieri, Don GP IEEE TI A genetic algorithm for designing constellations with low error floors SO 2008 42ND ANNUAL CONFERENCE ON INFORMATION SCIENCES AND SYSTEMS, VOLS 1-3 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 42nd Annual Conference on Information Sciences and Systems CY MAR 19-21, 2008 CL Princeton, NJ SP IEEE ID CODED MODULATION; BICM AB The error floor of bit-interleaved coded modulation with iterative decoding (BICM-ID) can be minimized for a particular constellation by maximizing the harmonic mean of the squared-Euclidian distances of signals whose labels differ in just one bit position. This problem has been formulated as an instance of the Quadratic Assignment Problem (QAP) and solved using the Reactive Tabu Search (RTS). In this paper, we propose a genetic algorithm for solving the symbol labeling problem and show that it usually yields designs that are isomorphic to those obtained using RTS. We then extend the algorithm to optimize not only the labelings of the signal points, but also their location in the signal space. Using this approach, new constellations of cardinality 16, 32, and 64 are evolved that have an error floor lower than that of QAM or PSK modulation. The new constellations exhibit gains of 1.32 and 0.88 dB over the best 16-QAM and 64-QAM constellations reported previously. C1 [Valenti, Matthew C.; Doppalapudi, Raghu] West Virginia Univ, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. [Torrieri, Don] US Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD USA. RP Valenti, MC (reprint author), West Virginia Univ, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. EM mvalenti@csee.wvu.edu; doppala@csee.wvu.edu; dtorr@arl.army.mil OI Valenti, Matthew/0000-0001-6089-0509 NR 14 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-2246-3 PY 2008 BP 1155 EP + DI 10.1109/CISS.2008.4558693 PG 2 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BIE60 UT WOS:000258931600210 ER PT S AU Sadler, BM Liu, N Xu, ZY Kozick, R AF Sadler, Brian M. Liu, Ning Xu, Zhengyuan Kozick, Richard GP IEEE TI Range-Based Geolocation in Fading Environments SO 2008 46TH ANNUAL ALLERTON CONFERENCE ON COMMUNICATION, CONTROL, AND COMPUTING, VOLS 1-3 SE Annual Allerton Conference on Communication Control and Computing LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 46th Annual Allerton Conference on Communication, Control and Computing CY SEP, 2008 CL Monticello, IL ID LOCALIZATION AB We consider source geolocation based on range estimates from sensors with known coordinates. In a fading propagation environment, where a line-of-sight (LOS) path may be weak or essentially nonexistent, range estimates may have positive biases. We study this problem by considering a weighted least squares (WLS) location estimator, based on noisy range estimates, each of which is contaminated by additive Gaussian noise and possibly a positive bias. We derive the mean and mean-square error (MSE) of the WLS estimator, showing that in general the estimator produces biased estimates. The error expressions are developed via first-order perturbation analysis. They provide a means to study achievable localization performance, as a function of the measurement bias and variance, as well as the sensor network geometry. C1 [Sadler, Brian M.] USN, Res Lab, AMSRD ARL CI NT, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. [Liu, Ning; Xu, Zhengyuan] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Elect Engn, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. [Kozick, Richard] Bucknell Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Lewisburg, PA 17837 USA. RP Sadler, BM (reprint author), USN, Res Lab, AMSRD ARL CI NT, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM bsadler@arl.army.mil; dxu@ee.ucr.edu; kozick@bucknell.edu FU Army Research Laboratory CTA on Communications and Networks [DAAD19-01-2-0011] FX This work was supported in part by the Army Research Laboratory CTA on Communications and Networks under grant DAAD19-01-2-0011. NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2474-0195 BN 978-1-4244-2925-7 J9 ANN ALLERTON CONF PY 2008 BP 15 EP + DI 10.1109/ALLERTON.2008.4797529 PG 3 WC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science; Engineering; Telecommunications GA BKI79 UT WOS:000268229600003 ER PT B AU Jacoby, GA Mosley, S AF Jacoby, Grant A. Mosley, Shawn GP IEEE TI Mobile security using separated deep packet inspection SO 2008 5TH IEEE CONSUMER COMMUNICATIONS AND NETWORKING CONFERENCE, VOLS 1-3 SE IEEE Consumer Communications and Networking Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th IEEE Consumer Communications and Networking Conference CY JAN 10-12, 2008 CL Las Vegas, NV SP Panasonic, SAMSUNG Elect, Telcordia, Technolut Automat Technol DE mobile; security; firm ware; attack; DPI; IPS; IDS ID SEARCH AB To improve mobile security and preserve the scarce resources of power and processor capabilities of these clients, this research presents a unique design and proof-of-concept implementation of a hardware-based intrusion protection system module that provides external deep packet inspection server-like security. As a result, the detection and prevention of application-layer-attacks as well as a wide variety of others do not reach the user's mobile device (or desktop) without an appreciable degradation in performance. C1 [Jacoby, Grant A.; Mosley, Shawn] US Mil Acad, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, West Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Jacoby, GA (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, West Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-1456-7 J9 CONSUM COMM NETWORK PY 2008 BP 482 EP 487 DI 10.1109/ccnc08.2007.113 PG 6 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Engineering; Telecommunications GA BIG11 UT WOS:000259262700107 ER PT B AU Makarov, YV Lu, SA McManus, B Pease, J AF Makarov, Yuri V. Lu, Shuai McManus, Bart Pease, John GP IEEE TI The Future Impact of Wind on BPA Power System Load Following and Regulation Requirements SO 2008 5TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON THE EUROPEAN ELECTRICITY MARKET, VOLS 1 AND 2 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th International Conference on the European Electricity Market CY MAY 28-30, 2008 CL Lisbon, PORTUGAL SP IEEE DE Wind Integration; Load Following; Regulation; Hour-ahead Schedule; Real-time Schedule AB Wind power is growing at a very fast pace as an alternative generating resource. As the ratio of wind power over total system capacity increases, the impact of wind on various system aspects becomes significant. This paper presents a methodology to study the future impact of wind on BPA power system load following and regulation requirements. Existing methodologies for similar analysis include dispatch model simulation and standard deviation evaluation on load and wind data. The methodology proposed in this paper uses historical data and stochastic processes to simulate the load balancing processes in the BPA power system. It mimics the actual power system operations therefore the results are close to reality yet the study based on this methodology is convenient to perform. The capacity, ramp rate and ramp duration characteristics are extracted from the simulation results. System load following and regulation capacity requirements are calculated accordingly. The ramp rate and ramp duration data obtained from the analysis can be used to evaluate generation fleet ramp requirement and regulating units' energy requirement, respectively. C1 [Makarov, Yuri V.; Lu, Shuai] USA, Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA 99354 USA. [McManus, Bart; Pease, John] Bonneville Power Adm, Portland, OR 97232 USA. EM yuri.makarov@pnl.gov; shuai.lu@pnl.gov; bamcmanus@bpa.gov; jhpease@bpa.gov FU Bonneville Power Administration under contract Mitigating the Operational Impacts of Wind Energy Resources in the BPA Control Area FX This work was supported by the Bonneville Power Administration under contract Mitigating the Operational Impacts of Wind Energy Resources in the BPA Control Area. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-1743-8 PY 2008 BP 493 EP + PG 2 WC Business; Economics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Environmental Studies SC Business & Economics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BII66 UT WOS:000259866500084 ER PT S AU Jacoby, GA Chang, DJ AF Jacoby, Grant A. Chang, David J. GP IEEE TI Towards command and control networking of cooperative autonomous robotics for military applications (CARMA) SO 2008 CANADIAN CONFERENCE ON ELECTRICAL AND COMPUTER ENGINEERING, VOLS 1-4 SE Canadian Conference on Electrical and Computer Engineering LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Canadian Conference on Electrical and Computer Engineering CY MAY 04-07, 2008 CL Niagara Falls, CANADA DE cooperative; autonomous; robot; military AB This research focuses on the development of a network of cooperative autonomous robotics for military applications (CARMA) that work together to search, track, carry, deploy and retrieve sensor and other small payloads for a variety of purposes. CARMA addresses how the distributed hierarchical structure employed by the military is ideally suited as an efficient and robust model for distributed cooperative robotics that reduces the operator-to-robot ratio, which until now has been mostly biologically-inspired. C1 [Jacoby, Grant A.; Chang, David J.] US Mil Acad, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, West Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Jacoby, GA (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, West Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0840-7789 BN 978-1-4244-1642-4 J9 CAN CON EL COMP EN PY 2008 BP 778 EP 783 PG 6 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BIE71 UT WOS:000258991900166 ER PT S AU Mosley, S Jacoby, GA AF Mosley, Shawn Jacoby, Grant A. GP IEEE TI Reconfiguration of mobile clustering architecture for enhanced and reliable reliable small unit computing SO 2008 CANADIAN CONFERENCE ON ELECTRICAL AND COMPUTER ENGINEERING, VOLS 1-4 SE Canadian Conference on Electrical and Computer Engineering LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Canadian Conference on Electrical and Computer Engineering CY MAY 04-07, 2008 CL Niagara Falls, CANADA DE multi-FPGA; mobile cluster; robust; radio AB This paper presents a distributed architectural approach to enable robust mobile computing for squad-sized elements. The architecture of each soldier's computer employs an array of field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs) with embedded processors to function as individual nodes that collectively comprise the mobile cluster configuration each soldier wears. Each node allows hardware reconfiguration to perforin specific tasks, such as GPS tracking, wireless communication and video transmission. The robustness of these multi-FPGA hardware clusters allows the mobile platform to perform all the tasks of a traditional mobile computer with two significant advantages: fewer hardware peripherals and preservation of functionality even while portions of the cluster are partially or permanently damaged. C1 [Mosley, Shawn; Jacoby, Grant A.] US Mil Acad, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, West Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Mosley, S (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, West Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0840-7789 BN 978-1-4244-1642-4 J9 CAN CON EL COMP EN PY 2008 BP 972 EP 976 PG 5 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BIE71 UT WOS:000258991900208 ER PT B AU Taysing-Lara, M Dang, G Svensson, S Zhou, WM AF Taysing-Lara, Monica Dang, Gerard Svensson, Stefan Zhou, Weimin GP IEEE TI Fabrication and Investigation of Photonic Crystal Device with MEMS Activated Defects Insertion SO 2008 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS & QUANTUM ELECTRONICS AND LASER SCIENCE CONFERENCE, VOLS 1-9 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics/Quantum Electronics and Laser Science Conference CY MAY 04-09, 2008 CL San Jose, CA AB A GaAs/AlGaAs-based photonic-crystal device with MEMS activated insertion/removal of defect posts into/from sub-micron photonic-crystal holes has been fabricated and investigated. This allows the device to actively create/remove point resonators or waveguides in the photonic-crystal membrane. (C) 2008 Optical Society of America C1 [Taysing-Lara, Monica; Dang, Gerard; Svensson, Stefan; Zhou, Weimin] USA, Res Lab, Sensors & Elect Devices Directorate, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Taysing-Lara, M (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Sensors & Elect Devices Directorate, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM Mtaysing@arl.army.mil NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-55752-859-9 PY 2008 BP 176 EP 177 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics SC Engineering; Optics GA BIL52 UT WOS:000260498400089 ER PT B AU Garrett, GA Shen, HE Wraback, M Tyagi, A Schmidt, MC Jia, ZY Speck, JS DenBaars, SP Nakamura, S AF Garrett, Gregory A. Shen, Hongen Wraback, Michael Tyagi, Anurag Schmidt, Mathew C. Jia, Zhongyuan Speck, James S. DenBaars, Steven P. Nakamura, Shuji. GP IEEE TI Time-Resolved Optical Studies of InGaN LED Structures Grown on Semipolar and Nonpolar Bulk GaN Substrates SO 2008 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS & QUANTUM ELECTRONICS AND LASER SCIENCE CONFERENCE, VOLS 1-9 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics/Quantum Electronics and Laser Science Conference (CLEO/QELS 2008) CY MAY 04-09, 2008 CL San Jose, CA AB We present time-resolved photoluminescence on InGaN/GaN multiple-quantum well LEDs grown on nonpolar and semipolar bulk GaN substrates and investigate increasing indium concentrations toward higher power, longer wavelength light emitters. (C)2008 Optical Society of America C1 [Garrett, Gregory A.; Shen, Hongen; Wraback, Michael] US Army Res Lab, Sensors & Electron Devices Directorate, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. [Tyagi, Anurag; Schmidt, Mathew C.; Jia, Zhongyuan; Speck, James S.; DenBaars, Steven P.; Nakamura, Shuji.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Elect & Comp Engn & Mat Dept, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. RP Garrett, GA (reprint author), US Army Res Lab, Sensors & Electron Devices Directorate, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM ggarrett@arl.army.mil NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-55752-859-9 PY 2008 BP 344 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics SC Engineering; Optics GA BIL52 UT WOS:000260498400173 ER PT B AU Pritchett, TM Mott, AG Mackie, DM Zhao, Q Gray, GM AF Pritchett, Timothy M. Mott, Andrew G. Mackie, David M. Zhao, Qun Gray, Gary M. GP IEEE TI Excited State Absorption Cross-sections of an Asymmetric Pentaazadentate Porphyrin-like Manganese (II) Complex SO 2008 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS & QUANTUM ELECTRONICS AND LASER SCIENCE CONFERENCE, VOLS 1-9 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics/Quantum Electronics and Laser Science Conference (CLEO/QELS 2008) CY MAY 04-09, 2008 CL San Jose, CA ID METAL-COMPLEXES AB Absorption cross-sections of the first excited singlet and triplet states of an asymmetric pentaazadentate porphyrin-like manganese complex have been measured using Z-scans employing both 7.1-ns and 30-ps pulse widths, each at multiple pulse energies. (c) 2008 Optical Society of America C1 [Pritchett, Timothy M.; Mott, Andrew G.; Mackie, David M.] USA, Res Lab, AMSRD ARL SE EM, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. [Zhao, Qun; Gray, Gary M.] Univ Alabama Birmingham, Dept Chem, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. RP Pritchett, TM (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, AMSRD ARL SE EM, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM timothy.pritchett1@us.army.mil NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-55752-859-9 PY 2008 BP 991 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics SC Engineering; Optics GA BIL52 UT WOS:000260498400497 ER PT B AU Ter-Gabrielyan, N Merkle, LD Newburgh, GA Dubinskii, M AF Ter-Gabrielyan, Nikolay Merkle, Larry D. Newburgh, G. Alex Dubinskii, Mark GP IEEE TI Cryogenically-Cooled Laser Based on Resonantly-Pumped Er(3+):Y(2)O(3) Ceramic SO 2008 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS & QUANTUM ELECTRONICS AND LASER SCIENCE CONFERENCE, VOLS 1-9 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics/Quantum Electronics and Laser Science Conference CY MAY 04-09, 2008 CL San Jose, CA AB Laser performance of Er(3+)-doped Y(2)O(3) ceramic is reported for the first time. Resonantly-pumped, eyesafe, 1.6-mu m Er:Y(2)O(3) cryo-laser slope efficiency of similar to 48% and output power similar to 7 W have been achieved in this first experiment.(C) 2008 Optical Society of America C1 [Ter-Gabrielyan, Nikolay; Merkle, Larry D.; Newburgh, G. Alex; Dubinskii, Mark] USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Ter-Gabrielyan, N (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM mdubinskiy@arl.army.mil NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-55752-859-9 PY 2008 BP 1282 EP 1283 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics SC Engineering; Optics GA BIL52 UT WOS:000260498400643 ER PT B AU Metcalfe, GD Readinger, ED Shen, HG Wraback, M Hirai, A Young, E Speck, JS AF Metcalfe, Grace D. Readinger, Eric D. Shen, Hongen Wraback, Michael Hirai, Asako Young, Erin Speck, James S. GP IEEE TI Terahertz Emission from Nonpolar Gallium Nitride SO 2008 CONFERENCE ON LASERS AND ELECTRO-OPTICS & QUANTUM ELECTRONICS AND LASER SCIENCE CONFERENCE, VOLS 1-9 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Lasers and Electro-Optics/Quantum Electronics and Laser Science Conference (CLEO/QELS 2008) CY MAY 04-09, 2008 CL San Jose, CA AB We observe polarized terahertz emission from nonpolar gallium nitride due to an in-plane polarization terminated by stacking faults. A measured flip of the THz waveform polarity agrees with carrier transport in an in-plane electric field. (C)2008 Optical Society of America C1 [Metcalfe, Grace D.; Readinger, Eric D.; Shen, Hongen; Wraback, Michael] USA, Res Lab, Sensors & Electron Devices Directorate, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. [Hirai, Asako; Young, Erin; Speck, James S.] Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Dept Mat, Santa Barbara, CA 93106 USA. RP Metcalfe, GD (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Sensors & Electron Devices Directorate, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM grace.metcalfe@us.army.mil NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-55752-859-9 PY 2008 BP 1732 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics SC Engineering; Optics GA BIL52 UT WOS:000260498400869 ER PT S AU Gerhold, M Dhawan, A Vo-Dinh, T AF Gerhold, Michael Dhawan, Anuj Vo-Dinh, Tuan GP IEEE TI Computational design of FIB-milled nanostructures for use in biosensing SO 2008 DIGEST OF THE LEOS SUMMER TOPICAL MEETINGS SE Digest of the LEOS Summer Topical Meetings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE/LEOS Summer Topical Meetings CY JUL 21-23, 2008 CL Acapulco, MEXICO SP IEEE C1 [Gerhold, Michael; Dhawan, Anuj] USA, Res Off, Research Triangle Pk, Durham, NC 27703 USA. [Dhawan, Anuj; Vo-Dinh, Tuan] Duke Univ, Fitzpatrick Inst Photon, Durham, NC USA. [Gerhold, Michael; Dhawan, Anuj; Vo-Dinh, Tuan] Duke Univ, Dept Biomed Engn, Durham, NC USA. [Vo-Dinh, Tuan] Duke Univ, Dept Chem, Durham, NC USA. RP Gerhold, M (reprint author), USA, Res Off, Research Triangle Pk, Durham, NC 27703 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1099-4742 BN 978-1-4244-1925-8 J9 DIGEST LEOS SUM TOP PY 2008 BP 63 EP + DI 10.1109/LEOSST.2008.4590490 PG 2 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Optics; Telecommunications SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Optics; Telecommunications GA BIJ48 UT WOS:000260073000032 ER PT B AU Liu, BY Towsley, D Swami, A AF Liu, Benyuan Towsley, Don Swami, Ananthram GP IEEE TI Data Gathering Capacity of Large Scale Multihop Wireless Networks SO 2008 FIFTH IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MOBILE AD-HOC AND SENSOR SYSTEMS, VOLS 1 AND 2 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th IEEE International Conference on Mobile Ad-Hoc and Sensor Systems CY SEP 29-OCT 02, 2008 CL Atlanta, GA SP IEEE AB This paper studies the scaling laws of the data gathering capacity of large scale multihop wireless networks. Unlike the data communication paradigms studied in previous research, for example, the many-to-many, many-to-one, broadcast, and multicast paradigms, the data gathering capacity concerns the per source node throughput in a network where a subset of nodes send data to some designated destinations while other nodes serve as relays. This some-to-some communication paradigm is commonplace in many wireless networks, for example, wireless mesh networks and wireless sensor networks, and in some cases perhaps more prevalent than the other paradigms. We first derive the upper and constructive lower bounds, for the data gathering capacity, and then examine their design and performance implications. Our results show that the data gathering capacity is constrained by different factors in several different scaling regimes of the number of source and destination nodes, exhibiting distinct scaling laws in those regimes. This work fills a gap in our understanding of the capacity of various communication paradigms, and can lead to better network planning and performance for data gathering wireless network applications. C1 [Liu, Benyuan] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Comp Sci, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. [Towsley, Don] Univ Massachusetts, Dept Comp Sci, Amherst, MA 01002 USA. [Swami, Ananthram] US Army, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Liu, BY (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Dept Comp Sci, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-2574-7 PY 2008 BP 92 EP + PG 2 WC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote Sensing; Telecommunications SC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering; Remote Sensing; Telecommunications GA BIW40 UT WOS:000263368900009 ER PT B AU Kaplan, LM Damarla, T Pham, T AF Kaplan, Lance M. Damarla, Thyagaraju Pham, Tien GP IEEE TI QoI for Passive Acoustic Gunfire Localization SO 2008 FIFTH IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MOBILE AD-HOC AND SENSOR SYSTEMS, VOLS 1 AND 2 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 5th IEEE International Conference on Mobile Ad-Hoc and Sensor Systems CY SEP 29-OCT 02, 2008 CL Atlanta, GA SP IEEE ID COUNTER-SNIPER SYSTEM; SELECTION; TRACKING; NETWORK AB A network of acoustic arrays can localize a shooter. Each array can determine the direction of arrival (DOA) of the muzzle blast. Some arrays can also see the shockwave generated by the bullet as it travels at supersonic speeds. These arrays can also estimate the range to the shooter as a nonlinear function of the DOA and time difference of arrival (TDOA) between the shockwave and the muzzle blast, and these arrays can provide a rough estimate of the shooter location. The measurements from all the arrays that detect the gunfire can be fused to obtain a more accurate shooter location. This paper presents the accuracy component of the QoI for the entire sensor network by deriving the Cramer-Rao bound for the shooter location. The correspondence between QoI and actual root mean squared localization error is verified via Monte Carlo simulations. C1 [Kaplan, Lance M.; Damarla, Thyagaraju; Pham, Tien] USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Kaplan, LM (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM lance.m.kaplan@us.army.mil; thyagaraju.damarla@us.army.mil; tien.pham1@us.army.mil NR 12 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-2574-7 PY 2008 BP 754 EP 759 DI 10.1109/MAHSS.2008.4660117 PG 6 WC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote Sensing; Telecommunications SC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering; Remote Sensing; Telecommunications GA BIW40 UT WOS:000263368900111 ER PT B AU Zajic, AG Stuber, GL Pratt, TG Nguyen, S AF Zajic, Alenka G. Stueber, Gordon L. Pratt, Thomas G. Nguyen, Son GP IEEE TI Statistical Modeling and Experimental Verification of Wideband MIMO Mobile-to-mobile Channels in Highway Environments SO 2008 IEEE 19TH INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON PERSONAL, INDOOR AND MOBILE RADIO COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 19th IEEE International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications CY SEP 15-18, 2008 CL Cannes, FRANCE SP IEEE ID POWER AB A three-dimensional reference model for wideband multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) mobile-to-mobile (M-to-M) channels is reviewed. To validate the reference model, an experimental MIMO M-to-M channel-sounding campaign was conducted for M-to-M vehicular communication with vehicles travelling along expressways in a metropolitan area. The measured data is processed and the channel statistics obtained from the reference model and from the empirical measurements are compared. The close agreement between the analytically and empirically obtained channel statistics confirms the utility of the proposed reference model. C1 [Zajic, Alenka G.; Stueber, Gordon L.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Pratt, Thomas G.] Georgia Tech Res Inst, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Nguyen, Son] Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Zajic, AG (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-2643-0 PY 2008 BP 111 EP 115 PG 5 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Engineering; Telecommunications GA BRH60 UT WOS:000282721800022 ER PT S AU Wang, Y Djie, HS Hongpinyo, V Tan, CL Ooi, BS Hwang, JCM Fang, XM Wu, Y Fastenau, JM Liu, WK Dang, GT Chang, WH AF Wang, Y. Djie, H. S. Hongpinyo, V. Tan, C. L. Ooi, B. S. Hwang, J. C. M. Fang, X. -M. Wu, Y. Fastenau, J. M. Liu, W. K. Dang, G. T. Chang, W. H. GP IEEE TI EPITAXIAL GROWTH OF HIGH QUALITY INAS/INGAALAS QUANTUM DASH-IN-WELL STRUCTURE ON INP SO 2008 IEEE 20TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INDIUM PHOSPHIDE AND RELATED MATERIALS (IPRM) SE International Conference on Indium Phosphide and Related Materials LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 20th International Conference on Indium Phosphide and Related Materials CY MAY 25-29, 2008 CL Versailles, FRANCE SP IEEE DE quantum dash; epitaxial growth; InP; dash-in-well ID OPTICAL AMPLIFIERS; LASERS; DOTS AB We report on the growth of InAs quantum-dash in InGaAlAs quantum-well structure on InP substrate using molecular beam epitaxy. The influence of different growth parameters such as InAs layer thickness, quantum barrier growth temperature, and number of stacking layers on the morphology and optical properties of dash structures were studied. The results serve as useful references for improved epitaxial growth control of InAs/InGaAlAs/InP system for optical device applications. C1 [Wang, Y.; Djie, H. S.; Hongpinyo, V.; Tan, C. L.; Ooi, B. S.; Hwang, J. C. M.] Lehigh Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA. [Fang, X. -M.; Wu, Y.; Fastenau, J. M.; Liu, W. K.] IQE Inc, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA. [Dang, G. T.; Chang, W. H.] Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Wang, Y (reprint author), Lehigh Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA. EM bsooi@lehigh.edu RI Ooi, Boon/D-4370-2011 OI Ooi, Boon/0000-0001-9606-5578 FU National Science Foundation [0725647]; U.S. Army Research Laboratory; Commonwealth of Pennsylvania; Department of Community and Economic Development FX This work was supported by National Science Foundation under Grant No. 0725647, and the U.S. Army Research Laboratory through Lehigh-Army Cooperation Agreement, and the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, Department of Community and Economic Development. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1092-8669 BN 978-1-4244-2258-6 J9 CONF P INDIUM PHOSPH PY 2008 BP 167 EP + DI 10.1142/9789812835017_0008 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Optics SC Engineering; Materials Science; Optics GA BKB63 UT WOS:000267695700048 ER PT S AU Rock, JC Mullins, JH Booth, JP Hudson, T AF Rock, Janice C. Mullins, James H. Booth, Joel P. Hudson, Tracy GP IEEE TI The past, present, and future of electronically-steerable phased arrays in defense applications SO 2008 IEEE AEROSPACE CONFERENCE, VOLS 1-9 SE IEEE Aerospace Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2008 IEEE Aerospace Conference CY MAR 01-08, 2008 CL Big Sky, MT SP IEEE AB This paper will present a study of past issues associated with electronically-steerable phased array antenna systems and methods employed to overcome these issues. It will discuss the current state-of-the-art in these type systems and the benefits to defense applications that have resulted as these technologies have matured. It will conclude with a discussion of barriers and problems that still exist - inhibiting a full integration of phased array technologies in military communication systems, fire control and illumination radar systems, and missile seeker systems. The many benefits and high performance of these systems have caught the eye of many possible users and it is important to quickly deliver to the soldier these advanced technologies. Thus quick, solid technology maturation and problem solving is a must. An example of the barriers that will be explored in depth include the use of MEMS as a low-loss phasing network solution, strap-down guidance issues, radome problems, fabrication and integration issues and heat dissipation techniques. Possible solutions to the barriers discussed will be presented and explored and future directions in phased array technology development will be proposed. C1 [Rock, Janice C.; Mullins, James H.; Booth, Joel P.; Hudson, Tracy] USA, Aviat & Missile Res Dev & Engn Ctr,Div Appl Senso, AMSRD AMR SG RF Rock Mullins & Booth, AMSRD AMR WS ID Hudson,Appl Sensors Guidance & El, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. RP Rock, JC (reprint author), USA, Aviat & Missile Res Dev & Engn Ctr,Div Appl Senso, AMSRD AMR SG RF Rock Mullins & Booth, AMSRD AMR WS ID Hudson,Appl Sensors Guidance & El, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. EM janice.rock@us.army.mil; james.mullinsiii@us.anny.mil; joel.booth@us.army.mil; tracy.hudson@us.army.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1095-323X BN 978-1-4244-1487-1 J9 AEROSP CONF PROC PY 2008 BP 727 EP + PG 3 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BIC00 UT WOS:000258321200071 ER PT S AU Le, Q Kaplan, LM AF Le, Qiang Kaplan, Lance M. GP IEEE TI Energy-aware node selection for localization SO 2008 IEEE AEROSPACE CONFERENCE, VOLS 1-9 SE IEEE Aerospace Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2008 IEEE Aerospace Conference CY MAR 01-08, 2008 CL Big Sky, MT SP IEEE ID WIRELESS MICROSENSOR NETWORKS AB This work presents node selection algorithms in a resource-constrained environment where the algorithms maintain a desirable geolocation accuracy while extending the tracking lifetime of the system. The sensor manager simply selects an active set of nodes for a given snapshot by maximizing a utility function under the geolocation constraint. The utility function serves as a surrogate for the effective network lifetime. Three utility functions are considered: energy consumption (EC), remaining energy (RE), and current lifetime (CL). A general h-horizon node selection algorithm is formulated for a generic utility function. Then, the node selection algorithms corresponding to the three utilities are tested for the myopic (h = 1) and h = 2 cases. The results indicate that the RE and CL utilities lead to longer effective network lifetimes than the EC utility. C1 [Le, Qiang] Hampton Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Hampton, VA 23668 USA. [Kaplan, Lance M.] US Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD USA. RP Le, Q (reprint author), Hampton Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Hampton, VA 23668 USA. EM qiang.le@hamptonu.edu; lkaplan@ieee.org NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1095-323X BN 978-1-4244-1487-1 J9 AEROSP CONF PROC PY 2008 BP 2124 EP + PG 3 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BIC00 UT WOS:000258321201066 ER PT S AU Madison, R DeBitetto, P Olean, AR Mac Peebles AF Madison, Richard DeBitetto, Paul Olean, A. Rocco Mac Peebles GP IEEE TI Target geolocation from a Small Unmanned Aircraft System SO 2008 IEEE AEROSPACE CONFERENCE, VOLS 1-9 SE IEEE Aerospace Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2008 IEEE Aerospace Conference CY MAR 01-08, 2008 CL Big Sky, MT SP IEEE AB Draper Laboratory and AeroVironment, Inc. of Monrovia, CA are implementing a system to demonstrate target geolocation from a Raven-B Unmanned Aircraft System (UAS) as part of the U.S. Army Natick Soldier Research, Development & Engineering Center's Small UAS (SUAS) Advanced Concept Technology Demonstration (ACTD). The system is based on feature tracking, line-of-sight calculation, and Kalman filtering from Draper's autonomous vision-aided navigation code base. The system reads imagery and telemetry transmitted by the UAS and includes a user interface for specifying targets. Tests on a snapshot of on-going work indicate horizontal targeting accuracy of approximately 10m, compared with 20-60m for the current Raven-B targeting software operating on the same flight video/telemetry streams. This accuracy likely will be improved through further mitigation of identified error sources. This paper presents our targeting architecture, the results of tests on simulator and flight data, an analysis of remaining error, and suggestions for reducing that error.(12). C1 [Madison, Richard; DeBitetto, Paul] Charles Stark Draper Lab Inc, 555 Technol Sq, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Olean, A. Rocco] US Army, Natick Soldier RDEC, Natick, MA 01760 USA. [Mac Peebles] AeroVironment Inc, Simi Valley, CA 93065 USA. RP Madison, R (reprint author), Charles Stark Draper Lab Inc, 555 Technol Sq, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. EM RMadison@draper.com; PDeBitetto@draper.com; Adam.Rocco.Olean@us.army.mil; peebles@avinc.com NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1095-323X BN 978-1-4244-1487-1 J9 AEROSP CONF PROC PY 2008 BP 3179 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BIC00 UT WOS:000258321202017 ER PT S AU Granger, D Rideout, CA Yano, S White, DJ AF Granger, Dennis Rideout, Curtis A. Yano, Steve White, David J. GP IEEE TI Detection of pre-crack fatigue damage in a US Army MH-47E Chinook aft rotor shaft SO 2008 IEEE AEROSPACE CONFERENCE, VOLS 1-9 SE IEEE Aerospace Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2008 IEEE Aerospace Conference CY MAR 01-08, 2008 CL Big Sky, MT SP IEEE AB Accumulated fatigue damage in flight critical helicopter dynamic components prior to crack initiation and detection is currently estimated by fatigue analysis based upon fatigue test results. To more accurately assess the operational fatigue damage and remaining useful life of a critical component prior to the initiation of a detectable crack, a non-destructive evaluation (NDE) process that directly measures accumulated fatigue damage is required. These NDE measurements are useful in monitoring accumulated fatigue damage, assessing probability of failure, determining remaining useful life, establishing inspection intervals, and refining fatigue damage accumulation models at any point in the operational life cycle of structural components.(12). Induced Positron Analysis (IPA) was evaluated as an NDE technology to investigate the potential for safely extending the useful life of existing CH/MH-47 Chinook aft rotor shafts that are being retired upon reaching the operational flight hour limits as defined by current design life criteria. An IPA survey of the critical areas of a retired MH-47E shaft was conducted to determine if the IPA technology could reliably detect material degradation that would warrant application to a larger population of operational rotor shafts. The IPA NDE results profiled distinct material condition trends in the shaft upper spline tooth root, sidewall elevations, and top, for both the drive and non-drive sides (36 locations per spline tooth). IPA material damage measurements were successfully correlated with the local stress values as predicted by the OEM's Finite Element Analysis (FEA) of the shaft spline. Additionally, IPA measurements axially along several teeth indicated no significant material degradation, despite a visible impression on the lower spline. This visible impression has been erroneously judged to be a "wear-step" and has resulted in unnecessary early retirement of serviceable rotor shafts. Based upon the success of the IPA evaluation of the initial MH-47E aft rotor shaft, more CH/MH-47 shafts, at varying stages of their operational life cycles, are programmed for IPA assessment. This paper will describe the underlying IPA technology, the initial MH-47E aft rotor shaft application and test results, the correlation of IPA with FEA results, the path ahead for further CH/MH-47 IPA NDE inspections, and the potential benefits of applying IPA NDE to the entire population of CH/MH-47 aft rotor shafts. C1 [Granger, Dennis] USA, AMRDEC, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. [Rideout, Curtis A.; Yano, Steve] Positron Syst Inc, Boise, ID 83702 USA. [White, David J.] Spectra Tech Solut, Huntsville, AL 35802 USA. RP Granger, D (reprint author), USA, AMRDEC, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. EM dennis.granger@us.army.mil; curtr@positronsystems.com; syano@positronsystems.com; djwhite@spectech-inc.com NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1095-323X BN 978-1-4244-1487-1 J9 AEROSP CONF PROC PY 2008 BP 3605 EP + PG 3 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BIC00 UT WOS:000258321202058 ER PT B AU Anthony, TK AF Anthony, Theodore K. GP IEEE TI K-Band Wafer Level Antenna SO 2008 IEEE ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION SOCIETY INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM, VOLS 1-9 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Antennas-and-Propagation-Society International Symposium CY JUL 05-11, 2008 CL San Diego, CA SP IEEE C1 Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Anthony, TK (reprint author), Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-2041-4 PY 2008 BP 173 EP 176 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Physics; Telecommunications GA BIO99 UT WOS:000261440600044 ER PT B AU Dogaru, T Le, C AF Dogaru, Traian Le, Calvin GP IEEE TI Recent Investigations in Sensing Through the Wall Radar Modeling SO 2008 IEEE ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION SOCIETY INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM, VOLS 1-9 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Antennas-and-Propagation-Society International Symposium CY JUL 05-11, 2008 CL San Diego, CA SP IEEE AB This paper presents radar imaging simulations for Sensing Through the Wall (STTW) applications. One area of investigation is the synthetic aperture radar (SAR) image of a human body as compared to that of common furniture objects. Another topic analyzes the advantages of using a cross-polarization radar configuration in detecting humans inside rooms and buildings. The electromagnetic scattering models were performed using the Finite Difference Time Domain (FDTD) technique. C1 [Dogaru, Traian; Le, Calvin] USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Dogaru, T (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM tdogaru@arl.amy.mil NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-2041-4 PY 2008 BP 1316 EP 1319 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Physics; Telecommunications GA BIO99 UT WOS:000261440600331 ER PT B AU Keller, SD Weiss, SJ Polcawich, RG Judy, DC AF Keller, Steven D. Weiss, Steven J. Polcawich, Ronald G. Judy, Daniel C. GP IEEE TI Wafer-scale Coplanar Waveguide Slot-coupled K(a)-band Patch Antenna for Electronic Scanning Array of a Future Satellite Communications System SO 2008 IEEE ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION SOCIETY INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM, VOLS 1-9 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Antennas-and-Propagation-Society International Symposium CY JUL 05-11, 2008 CL San Diego, CA SP IEEE C1 [Keller, Steven D.; Weiss, Steven J.; Polcawich, Ronald G.; Judy, Daniel C.] USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Keller, SD (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-2041-4 PY 2008 BP 2550 EP 2553 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Physics; Telecommunications GA BIO99 UT WOS:000261440601250 ER PT B AU Stangi, JP Weiss, S AF Stangi, John P. Weiss, Steven GP IEEE TI A Compact CPW-Fed Microstrip Patch Antenna Array for Unmanned Miniature Aerial Vehicle RADAR SO 2008 IEEE ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION SOCIETY INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM, VOLS 1-9 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Antennas-and-Propagation-Society International Symposium CY JUL 05-11, 2008 CL San Diego, CA SP IEEE C1 [Stangi, John P.] Duke Univ, 130 Hudson Hall, Durham, NC 27705 USA. [Weiss, Steven] Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Stangi, JP (reprint author), Duke Univ, 130 Hudson Hall, Durham, NC 27705 USA. EM john.stang@duke.edu NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-2041-4 PY 2008 BP 2558 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Physics; Telecommunications GA BIO99 UT WOS:000261440601252 ER PT B AU Fortinberry, J Elkins, D Shumpert, T AF Fortinberry, Jarrod Elkins, David Shumpert, Tom GP IEEE TI Large Scale Antenna Pattern Measurements SO 2008 IEEE ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION SOCIETY INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM, VOLS 1-9 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Antennas-and-Propagation-Society International Symposium CY JUL 05-11, 2008 CL San Diego, CA SP IEEE AB Redstone Technical Test Center (RTTC) is a Department of Defense (DoD) Electromagnetic Environmental Effects (E3) test facility. RTTC facilities include a suite of amplifiers, antennas, and instrumentation that are used to perform E3 tests on military as well as commercial platforms. As more and more wireless communication and control systems are added to military platforms, system interoperability in a joint tactical environment has become an increasing concern. Among the more critical issues of interoperability is antenna placement. This is especially true on rotorcraft platforms where aerodynamics and RF propagation are both issues. Antennas must be mounted in a manner in which they do not interfere with nor do they cause interference to other systems on the platform, and they must also be mounted such that they are able to effectively transmit and receive signals. In order to quickly and quantitatively evaluate multiple antenna mounting positions on a single platform, the development of a low-cost ground based antenna pattern measurement system is presented. C1 [Fortinberry, Jarrod; Elkins, David; Shumpert, Tom] USA, Redstone Tech Test Ctr, TEDT RT EME, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. RP Fortinberry, J (reprint author), USA, Redstone Tech Test Ctr, TEDT RT EME, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. EM jaffod.fortinberry@us.army.mil NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-2041-4 PY 2008 BP 3607 EP 3610 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Physics; Telecommunications GA BIO99 UT WOS:000261440602131 ER PT B AU Zaghlou, AI Anthony, T AF Zaghlou, Amir I. Anthony, Theodore GP IEEE TI E-Plane Flared Rectangular Corrugated Horn for Tapered Aperture SO 2008 IEEE ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION SOCIETY INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM, VOLS 1-9 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Antennas-and-Propagation-Society International Symposium CY JUL 05-11, 2008 CL San Diego, CA SP IEEE AB A flared rectangular horn is corrugated along the E-plane flaring walls. The corrugations are in the form of rectangular grooves parallel to the horn axis. The depths of the grooves are optimized to produce the tapered aperture that is needed for certain radiation pattern requirements. Two designs are presented in this paper. The first design is for a narrow beam and low sidelobes in the E-plane pattern. The second design is for equal patterns in the E- and H-planes. The choice of the flaring function determines the E-plane radiation pattern. A linear flaring is chosen for the narrow beam and an exponential flaring is chosen for the equal E- and H-plane patters. C1 [Zaghlou, Amir I.; Anthony, Theodore] USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD USA. RP Zaghlou, AI (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD USA. EM amir.zaghloul@arl.army.mil; tanthony@arl.army.m NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-2041-4 PY 2008 BP 3970 EP 3973 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Physics; Telecommunications GA BIO99 UT WOS:000261440602222 ER PT B AU Anthony, TK AF Anthony, Theodore K. GP IEEE TI Rotman Lens Development SO 2008 IEEE ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION SOCIETY INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM, VOLS 1-9 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Antennas-and-Propagation-Society International Symposium CY JUL 05-11, 2008 CL San Diego, CA SP IEEE C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Anthony, TK (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-2041-4 PY 2008 BP 4198 EP 4201 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Physics; Telecommunications GA BIO99 UT WOS:000261440602279 ER PT B AU Zaghloul, AI Lee, Y AF Zaghloul, Amir I. Lee, Youn GP IEEE TI Simulation of Refraction Focusing Using Negative-Refractive-Index Metamaterials SO 2008 IEEE ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION SOCIETY INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM, VOLS 1-9 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Antennas-and-Propagation-Society International Symposium CY JUL 05-11, 2008 CL San Diego, CA SP IEEE AB A realization of a negative-refractive-index (NRI) metamaterial uses a periodic structure with a unit cell composed of a capacitively loaded loop (CLL) and a conducting pole. This realization can lead to a lens mechanism with refraction focusing. This paper presents the results of a simulation of such refraction focusing using Ansoft's HFSS. The simulation shows the return loss of a transmitting probe in a parallel-plate structure and the insertion loss between the transmitting probe and three receiving probes placed at the same distance from the transmitter but on the opposite side of the metamaterial slabs. The focusing at the center receiving probe is represented by the low insertion loss to the center probe compared with higher insertion losses to the other probes located at the same distance. C1 [Zaghloul, Amir I.; Lee, Youn] USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Zaghloul, AI (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM amir.zaghloul@arl.army.mil; amirz@vt.edu NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-2041-4 PY 2008 BP 4283 EP 4286 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Physics; Telecommunications GA BIO99 UT WOS:000261440602301 ER PT B AU Weiss, S AF Weiss, Steven GP IEEE TI Compact Expressions for Radiated Fields of Patch Antennas SO 2008 IEEE ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION SOCIETY INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM, VOLS 1-9 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Antennas-and-Propagation-Society International Symposium CY JUL 05-11, 2008 CL San Diego, CA SP IEEE AB Theoretical expressions for the fields radiated by microstrip antennas have been developed extensively since the late 1970s. The general nature of the analysis is to formulate the solution for the fields into Sommerfeld-like integrals that uniquely meet the boundary conditions of the problem. The solution, in integral form, can then be evaluated using asymptotic techniques such as stationary phase or saddle point integration. The resulting expressions are described and presented here in a compact format. Although not new information, the organization of the expressions]ends insight into why certain blind angles (associated with surface waves) are seen in either the E- or H-planes in patch array configurations. C1 Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Weiss, S (reprint author), Army Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM sweiss@arl.army.mil NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-2041-4 PY 2008 BP 4355 EP 4358 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Physics; Telecommunications GA BIO99 UT WOS:000261440602319 ER PT S AU Mitchell, G Conn, M Harris, R Bayba, A AF Mitchell, Gregory Conn, Marvin Harris, Russell Bayba, Andrew GP IEEE TI Automated Data Acquisition for a Prognostics and Diagnostics Health Monitoring System SO 2008 IEEE AUTOTESTCON, VOLS 1 AND 2 SE IEEE Autotestcon LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 43rd Annual IEEE AUTOTESTCON Conference CY SEP 08-11, 2008 CL Salt Lake City, UT SP IEEE Aerosp & Elect Syst Soc DE prognostics and diagnostics; wireless health monitoring system; data acquisition; provoked fault testing AB The military has mandated the need for continuous health monitoring to be implemented for Prognostics and Diagnostics (PD) applications at the mechanical and electronic level of fielded systems. The variety of military systems dictates the need for a highly flexible design that can be easily modified for different applications. Data acquisition is a core component of the PD process to get valuable information from the monitored system to a processing module for the execution of PD algorithms. This paper addresses the design architecture of a PD Sensor Module (PDSM) for a Prognostics and Diagnostics Health Monitoring System (PDHMS) that can be introduced for electronics PD in a wide range of military systems. ne use of this PDSM prototype in provoked electronic fault testing (PEFT) on a specific military platform will also be discussed. C1 [Mitchell, Gregory; Conn, Marvin; Harris, Russell; Bayba, Andrew] USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Mitchell, G (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM gmitchell@arl.army.mil; mconn@arl.army.mil; rharris@arl.army.mil; abayba@arl.army.mil NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1088-7725 BN 978-1-4244-2225-8 J9 IEEE AUTOTESTCON PY 2008 BP 506 EP 510 PG 5 WC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering GA BIZ84 UT WOS:000264052700098 ER PT S AU Sadjadi, F Sullivan, A Gaunaurd, G AF Sadjadi, Firooz Sullivan, Anders Gaunaurd, Guillermo GP IEEE TI Detection of Buried Objects using GPR Change Detection in Polarimetric Huynen Spaces SO 2008 IEEE COMPUTER SOCIETY CONFERENCE ON COMPUTER VISION AND PATTERN RECOGNITION WORKSHOPS, VOLS 1-3 SE IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition CY JUN 23-28, 2008 CL Anchorage, AK SP IEEE Comp Soc ID SCATTERING AB Change detection is a useful method for detecting new events in a scene such as the placement of mines, and/or the movement of people, vehicles and structures. The has is of the approach is to examine an area via radar several times. Once, before there were targets planted there, and the other (or others) after The change detection algorithm will notice if there are any changes after the first view was made. False alarm, that is a critical issue in this approach, can be reduced in a number of ways: exploiting additional information such as phase and polarization, and 2) exploiting critical attributes by computing changes in focused subspaces. In this paper we present a new approach,for polarimetric change detection, whereby the target is represented not in terms of the complex scattering elements but in terms of phenomenologically-based Huynen parameters. Each element of the Huynen parameter set conveys useful physical and geometrical attributes about the scatterers thus augmenting the potential for significant false alarm mitigation. Results of the application of this approach on fully polarimetric signatures of simulated buried targets are provided. These results indicate that Huynen parameters are more effective for change detection than the scattering matrix elements in generating higher unambiguous autocorrelation peaks and less prominent cross-correlation peaks. C1 [Sadjadi, Firooz] Lockheed Martin Corp, Saint Anthony, MN 55418 USA. [Sullivan, Anders; Gaunaurd, Guillermo] Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD USA. RP Sadjadi, F (reprint author), Lockheed Martin Corp, Saint Anthony, MN 55418 USA. EM firooz.sadjadi@ieee.org NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1063-6919 BN 978-1-4244-2339-2 J9 PROC CVPR IEEE PY 2008 BP 850 EP + PG 2 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Computer Science; Engineering; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BIK29 UT WOS:000260371900114 ER PT B AU Cohen, CJ Morelli, F Scott, KA AF Cohen, Charles J. Morelli, Frank Scott, Katherine A. GP IEEE TI A surveillance system for the recognition of intent within individuals and crowds SO 2008 IEEE CONFERENCE ON TECHNOLOGIES FOR HOMELAND SECURITY, VOLS 1 AND 2 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Conference on Technologies for Homeland Security CY MAY 12-13, 2008 CL Waltham, MA SP IEEE, Massachusetts Port Author, SAIC, Raytheon, EADS N Amer, ARES Corp, AVERT, Appl Signal Technol, Homeland Secur Daily Wire, Sugarspun Ind ID BIOLOGICAL MOTION; MOVEMENT; EMOTION AB Differentiating between normal human activity and aberrant behavior via closed circuit television cameras is a difficult and fatiguing task The vigilance required of human observers when engaged in such tasks must remain constant, yet attention falls off dramatically over time. In this paper we propose an automated system to monitor video sensors and tag aberrant human activities for immediate review by human monitors. From the psychological perspective, isolated human motion depicted by point-light walker (PLW) displays have been shown to be salient for recognition of action [17] and determination of emotional state [18]. We propose that by using the motion data that immediately precedes hostile behavior, it may be possible to classify hostile intent before destructive actions take place. These hostile intent gestures can be used to assign individuals a threat assessment level and improve remote sensor monitoring. Such assessments are useful for monitoring human activities and could potentially provide early warning of IED emplacement activities. C1 [Cohen, Charles J.; Scott, Katherine A.] Cybernet Syst Corp, 722 Airport Blvd, Ann Arbor, MI 48108 USA. [Morelli, Frank] US Army, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Cohen, CJ (reprint author), Cybernet Syst Corp, 722 Airport Blvd, Ann Arbor, MI 48108 USA. EM ccohen@cybernet.com; frank.morelli@us.army.mil; kscott@cybernet.com NR 28 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-1977-7 PY 2008 BP 559 EP + DI 10.1109/THS.2008.4534514 PG 2 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Operations Research & Management Science SC Computer Science; Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science GA BIA64 UT WOS:000257944200102 ER PT S AU Saha, S Bambha, NK Bhattacharyya, SS AF Saha, Sankalita Bambha, Neal K. Bhattacharyya, Shuvra S. GP IEEE TI A parameterized design framework for hardware implementation of particle filters SO 2008 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ACOUSTICS, SPEECH AND SIGNAL PROCESSING, VOLS 1-12 SE International Conference on Acoustics Speech and Signal Processing ICASSP LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 33rd IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing CY MAR 30-APR 04, 2008 CL Las Vegas, NV DE field programmable gate arrays; parallel architectures; recursive estimation AB Particle filtering methods provide powerful techniques for solving non-linear state-estimation problems, and are applied to a variety of application areas in signal processing. Because of their vast computational complexity, real-time hardware implementation of particle-filter-based systems is a challenging task. However, many particle filter applications share common characteristics, and the same system design can be reused with appropriate streamlining. To achieve this, a parameterized design framework for particle filters is proposed in this paper. In this framework, parameterization of system features that vary over specific implementations enables reuse of a generic design for a wide range of applications with minimal re-design effort. Using this framework, we explore different design options for implementing two different particle filtering applications on field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), and we present associated results on trade-offs between area (FPGA resource requirements) and execution speed. C1 [Saha, Sankalita; Bhattacharyya, Shuvra S.] Univ Maryland, Inst Adv Comp Studies, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Bambha, Neal K.] US Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Saha, S (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Inst Adv Comp Studies, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM ssaha@umd.edu; ssb@umd.edu; nbambha@arl.army.mil OI Bhattacharyya, Shuvra/0000-0001-7719-1106 NR 8 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1520-6149 BN 978-1-4244-1483-3 J9 INT CONF ACOUST SPEE PY 2008 BP 1449 EP + DI 10.1109/ICASSP.2008.4517893 PG 2 WC Acoustics; Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Cybernetics; Engineering, Biomedical; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Mathematical & Computational Biology; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging; Telecommunications SC Acoustics; Computer Science; Engineering; Mathematical & Computational Biology; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging; Telecommunications GA BHY47 UT WOS:000257456701024 ER PT S AU Wang, W Adali, T Emge, D AF Wang, Wei Adali, Tuelay Emge, Darren GP IEEE TI Target detection and identification using canonical correlation analysis and subspace partitioning SO 2008 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ACOUSTICS, SPEECH AND SIGNAL PROCESSING, VOLS 1-12 SE International Conference on Acoustics Speech and Signal Processing ICASSP LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 33rd IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing CY MAR 30-APR 04, 2008 CL Las Vegas, NV DE target detection; identification; canonical correlation; subspace partitioning; Raman spectroscopy AB We present a data-driven approach for target detection and identification based on a linear mixture model. Our aim is to determine the existence of certain targets in a mixture without specific information on the targets or the background, and to identify the targets from a given library. We use the maximum canonical correlation between the target set and the observations as the detection score, and use coefficients of the canonical vector to identify the indices of the present components from the given target library. The performance of the detector is enhanced using subspace partitioning on the target library. Both simulation and experimental results are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method in Raman spectroscopy for detection of surface-deposited chemical agents. C1 [Wang, Wei; Adali, Tuelay] Univ Maryland, Dept CSEE, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. [Emge, Darren] US Army, Edgewood Chem & Biol Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Wang, W (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept CSEE, 1000 Hilltop Circle, Baltimore, MD 21250 USA. FU EDGEWOOD CHEMICAL BIOLOGICAL CENTER, US ARMY RDECOM [W91ZLK-04-P-0950L] FX THIS PROJECT IS SUPPORTED BY EDGEWOOD CHEMICAL BIOLOGICAL CENTER, US ARMY RDECOM UNDER CONTRACT NO: W91ZLK-04-P-0950L NR 4 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1520-6149 BN 978-1-4244-1483-3 J9 INT CONF ACOUST SPEE PY 2008 BP 2117 EP + DI 10.1109/ICASSP.2008.4518060 PG 2 WC Acoustics; Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Cybernetics; Engineering, Biomedical; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Mathematical & Computational Biology; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging; Telecommunications SC Acoustics; Computer Science; Engineering; Mathematical & Computational Biology; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging; Telecommunications GA BHY47 UT WOS:000257456701191 ER PT S AU Kozick, RJ Sadler, BM AF Kozick, Richard J. Sadler, Brian M. GP IEEE TI Bounds and algorithms for time delay estimation on parallel, flat fading channels SO 2008 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ACOUSTICS, SPEECH AND SIGNAL PROCESSING, VOLS 1-12 SE International Conference on Acoustics Speech and Signal Processing ICASSP LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 33rd IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing CY MAR 30-APR 04, 2008 CL Las Vegas, NV DE delay estimation; fading channels; maximum likelihood estimation; error analysis; diversity methods ID SIGNAL PARAMETER-ESTIMATION; NUISANCE PARAMETERS AB We study time delay estimation (TDE) on parallel channels with flat fading. Several models for the channel gains are considered, and for each case we present the the maximum likelihood estimator (MLE), the Cramer-Rao bound (CRB), and the Ziv-Zakai bound (ZZB). The bounds facilitate an analysis of the effects of fading and diversity on TDE accuracy over parallel channels. Computer simulations of the mean-squared error of the MLEs confirm the validity of the bounds. C1 [Kozick, Richard J.] Bucknell Univ, Lewisburg, PA 17837 USA. [Sadler, Brian M.] Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Kozick, RJ (reprint author), Bucknell Univ, Lewisburg, PA 17837 USA. EM kozick@bucknell.edu; bsadler@arl.army.mil NR 12 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1520-6149 BN 978-1-4244-1483-3 J9 INT CONF ACOUST SPEE PY 2008 BP 2413 EP + DI 10.1109/ICASSP.2008.4518134 PG 2 WC Acoustics; Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Cybernetics; Engineering, Biomedical; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Mathematical & Computational Biology; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging; Telecommunications SC Acoustics; Computer Science; Engineering; Mathematical & Computational Biology; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging; Telecommunications GA BHY47 UT WOS:000257456701265 ER PT S AU Ren, W Zhao, Q Swami, A AF Ren, Wei Zhao, Qing Swami, Anandiram GP IEEE TI Power control in spectrum overlay networks: How to cross a multi-lane highway SO 2008 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ACOUSTICS, SPEECH AND SIGNAL PROCESSING, VOLS 1-12 SE International Conference on Acoustics Speech and Signal Processing ICASSP LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 33rd IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing CY MAR 30-APR 04, 2008 CL Las Vegas, NV DE cognitive radio; opportunistic spectrum access; spectrum overlay; power control; spectrum opportunity detection AB We consider power control in spectrum overlay networks (also referred to as opportunistic spectrum access) where secondary users identify and exploit instantaneous and local spectrum opportunities without causing unacceptable interference to primary users. We quantify the impact of the transmission power of secondary users on the occurrence of spectrum opportunities and the reliability of opportunity detection. We demonstrate that the probability of spectrum opportunity decreases exponentially with the transmission power and reliable opportunity detection is achieved in the two extreme regimes of the ratio between the transmission power of secondary users and that of primary users. Such analytical characterizations allow us to study power control for optimal transport throughput under constraints on the interference to primary users. C1 [Ren, Wei; Zhao, Qing] Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. [Swami, Anandiram] Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Ren, W (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM wren@ucdavis.edu; qzhao@ece.ucdavis.edu; aswami@arl.army.mil FU Army Research Laboratory CTA on Communication and Networks [DAAD19-01-2-0011]; National Science Foundation [CNS-0627090, ECS-0622200] FX This work was supported in part by the Army Research Laboratory CTA on Communication and Networks under Grant DAAD19-01-2-0011 and by the National Science Foundation under Grants CNS-0627090 and ECS-0622200. NR 8 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1520-6149 BN 978-1-4244-1483-3 J9 INT CONF ACOUST SPEE PY 2008 BP 2773 EP + PG 2 WC Acoustics; Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Cybernetics; Engineering, Biomedical; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Mathematical & Computational Biology; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging; Telecommunications SC Acoustics; Computer Science; Engineering; Mathematical & Computational Biology; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging; Telecommunications GA BHY47 UT WOS:000257456702016 ER PT S AU Misra, S Geirhofer, S Tong, L AF Misra, Saswat Geirhofer, Stefan Tong, Lang GP IEEE TI Optimal adaptive transmission for a cognitive radio with sensing SO 2008 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ACOUSTICS, SPEECH AND SIGNAL PROCESSING, VOLS 1-12 SE International Conference on Acoustics Speech and Signal Processing ICASSP LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 33rd IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing CY MAR 30-APR 04, 2008 CL Las Vegas, NV DE cognitive radio; dynamic spectrum access; frequency hopping; probabilistic transmission; interference constraints AB We propose a randomized transmission scheme for minimizing a time-averaged cost metric in a cognitive radio. We assume that a single cognitive radio (i.e., a transmitter and receiver) hops over N orthogonal channels, each occupied by a primary user whose ON-OFF activity is modeled by a two-state Markov chain. We assume that the cognitive radio senses the activity in each channel at the beginning of every symbol period, and that a usage cost is assigned to each channel that depends on the channel's physical-layer characteristics and the sensing outcome. We fully characterize the transmission scheme that minimizes the time-averaged cost, subject to interference constraints imposed by the primaries. Finally, we evaluate the performance for two special cases of the cost: the bit error rate and (lower and upper bounds on) the channel capacity. C1 [Misra, Saswat] US Army, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. [Geirhofer, Stefan; Tong, Lang] Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY 14850 USA. RP Misra, S (reprint author), US Army, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM smisra@arl.army.mil; sg355@comell.edu; ltong@ece.cornell.edu NR 14 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1520-6149 BN 978-1-4244-1483-3 J9 INT CONF ACOUST SPEE PY 2008 BP 2797 EP + DI 10.1109/ICASSP.2008.4518230 PG 2 WC Acoustics; Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Cybernetics; Engineering, Biomedical; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Mathematical & Computational Biology; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging; Telecommunications SC Acoustics; Computer Science; Engineering; Mathematical & Computational Biology; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging; Telecommunications GA BHY47 UT WOS:000257456702022 ER PT S AU Yu, ZZ Hoyos, S Sadler, BM AF Yu, Zhuizhuan Hoyos, Sebastian Sadler, Brian M. GP IEEE TI Mixed-signal parallel Compressed Sensing and reception for Cognitive Radio SO 2008 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ACOUSTICS, SPEECH AND SIGNAL PROCESSING, VOLS 1-12 SE International Conference on Acoustics Speech and Signal Processing ICASSP LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 33rd IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing CY MAR 30-APR 04, 2008 CL Las Vegas, NV DE Cognitive radio; spectrum sensing; segmented compressed sensing; parallel; sub-Nyquist AB A parallel structure to do spectrum sensing in Cognitive Radio (CR) at sub-Nyquist rate is proposed. The structure is based on Compressed Sensing (CS) that exploits the sparsity of frequency utilization. Specifically, the received analog signal is segmented or time-windowed and CS is applied to each segment independently using an analog implementation of the inner product, then all the samples are processed together to reconstruct the signal. Applying the CS framework to the analog signal directly relaxes the requirements in wideband RF receiver front-ends. Moreover, the parallel structure provides a design flexibility and scalability on the sensing rate and system complexity. This paper also provides a joint reconstruction algorithm that optimally detects the information symbols from the sub-Nyquist analog projection coefficients. Simulations showing the efficiency of the proposed approach are also presented. C1 [Yu, Zhuizhuan; Hoyos, Sebastian] Texas A&M Univ, Analog & Mixed Signal Ctr, ECE Dept, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Sadler, Brian M.] Army Res Lab, AMSRD ARL CI CN, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Yu, ZZ (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Analog & Mixed Signal Ctr, ECE Dept, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. RI Yu, Zhuizhuan/B-7042-2014 NR 12 TC 38 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1520-6149 BN 978-1-4244-1483-3 J9 INT CONF ACOUST SPEE PY 2008 BP 3861 EP + PG 2 WC Acoustics; Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Cybernetics; Engineering, Biomedical; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Mathematical & Computational Biology; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging; Telecommunications SC Acoustics; Computer Science; Engineering; Mathematical & Computational Biology; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging; Telecommunications GA BHY47 UT WOS:000257456702288 ER PT S AU Wang, ZM Arce, GR Sadler, BM AF Wang, Zhongmin Arce, Gonzalo R. Sadler, Brian M. GP IEEE TI Subspace compressive detection for sparse signals SO 2008 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ACOUSTICS, SPEECH AND SIGNAL PROCESSING, VOLS 1-12 SE International Conference on Acoustics Speech and Signal Processing ICASSP LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 33rd IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing CY MAR 30-APR 04, 2008 CL Las Vegas, NV DE subspace; compressed sensing; detection ID TO-DIGITAL CONVERSION AB The emerging theory of compressed sensing (CS) provides a universal signal detection approach for sparse signals at sub-Nyquist sampling rates. A small number of random projection measurements from the received analog signal would suffice to provide salient information for signal detection. However, the compressive measurements are not efficient at gathering signal energy. In this paper, a set of detectors called subspace compressive detectors are proposed where a more efficient detection scheme can be constructed by exploiting the sparsity model of the underlying signal. Furthermore, we show that the signal sparsity model can be approximately estimated using reconstruction algorithms with very limited random measurements on the training signals. Based on the estimated signal sparsity model, an effective subspace random measurement matrix can be designed for unknown signal detection, which significantly reduces the necessary number of measurements. The performance of the subspace compressive detectors is analyzed. Simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed subspace compressive detectors. C1 [Wang, Zhongmin; Arce, Gonzalo R.] Univ Delaware, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Newark, DE 19716 USA. [Sadler, Brian M.] Army Res Lab, AMSRD ARL CI CN, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Wang, ZM (reprint author), Univ Delaware, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Newark, DE 19716 USA. EM zhongmin@udel.edu; arce@ece.udel.edu; bsadler@arl.army.mil FU U.S. army Research [DAAD19-1-2-0011]; National Science Foundation [ECCS-0725422] FX Prepared through coolabrative participation in the Communications and Networks Constirum sponsored by the U.S. army Research under the cCollaborative Technology Alliance Program, Cooperative Agreement DAAD19-1-2-0011. The U.S government is authorized to reproduce and distribue reprints for Government purposes notwith tanding copyright notation thereon. This work was supported in part by the National Science Foundation under the Grant ECCS-0725422. NR 12 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 1 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1520-6149 BN 978-1-4244-1483-3 J9 INT CONF ACOUST SPEE PY 2008 BP 3873 EP + PG 2 WC Acoustics; Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Cybernetics; Engineering, Biomedical; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Mathematical & Computational Biology; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging; Telecommunications SC Acoustics; Computer Science; Engineering; Mathematical & Computational Biology; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging; Telecommunications GA BHY47 UT WOS:000257456702291 ER PT S AU Zajic, AG Stuber, GL Pratt, TG Nguyen, S AF Zajic, Alenka G. Stueber, Gordon L. Pratt, Thomas G. Nguyen, Son GP IEEE TI Envelope level crossing rate and average fade duration in mobile-to-mobile fading channels SO 2008 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON COMMUNICATIONS, PROCEEDINGS, VOLS 1-13 SE IEEE International Conference on Communications LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC 2008) CY MAY 19-23, 2008 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA SP IEEE, Chinese Inst Elect, Chinese Inst Commun, Tsinghu Univ, Beijing Univ, Posts & Telecommun ID MODEL; POWER AB A three-dimensional (3-D) analytical model for mobile-to-mobile communications is presented. From the analytical model, the envelope level crossing rate and average fade duration are derived for a 3-D non-isotropic scattering environment. The obtained analytical results are compared with measured data. The close agreement between the analytical and empirical curves confirms the utility of the proposed model. C1 [Zajic, Alenka G.; Stueber, Gordon L.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Nguyen, Son] US Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. [Pratt, Thomas G.] Georgia Tech Res Inst, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. RP Zajic, AG (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. FU U.S. Army Research Laboratory [DAAD19-01-2-0011] FX Prepared through collaborative participation in the Collaborative Technology Alliance for Communications & Networks sponsored by the U.S. Army Research Laboratory under Cooperative Agreement DAAD19-01-2-0011. The U.S. Government is authorized to reproduce and distribute reprints for Government purposes notwithstanding any copyright notation thereon. NR 21 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1550-3607 BN 978-1-4244-2074-2 J9 IEEE ICC PY 2008 BP 4446 EP + DI 10.1109/ICC.2008.834 PG 3 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Engineering; Telecommunications GA BIH49 UT WOS:000259505003074 ER PT B AU Epstein, B Rhodes, D Perlman, B AF Epstein, Benjamin Rhodes, David Perlman, Barry GP IEEE TI Urban network effects simulation SO 2008 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MICROWAVES, COMMUNICATIONS, ANTENNAS AND ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Conference on Microwaves, Communications, Antennas and Electronic Systems CY MAY 13-14, 2008 CL Tel Aviv, ISRAEL SP IEEE C1 [Epstein, Benjamin; Rhodes, David] OpCoast LLC, Pt Pleasant Beach, NJ 08742 USA. [Perlman, Barry] US Army, CERDEC, Ft Monmouth, NJ USA. RP Epstein, B (reprint author), OpCoast LLC, Pt Pleasant Beach, NJ 08742 USA. EM ben@opcoast.com FU United States Dept. of Defense High Performance Computing Modernization Office. FX This work was funded by the United States Dept. of Defense High Performance Computing Modernization Office. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-2097-1 PY 2008 BP 135 EP + PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BIG40 UT WOS:000259299900019 ER PT B AU McMillan, RW AF McMillan, R. W. GP IEEE TI Intensity and angle-of-arrival effects on microwave propagation caused by atmospheric turbulence SO 2008 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MICROWAVES, COMMUNICATIONS, ANTENNAS AND ELECTRONIC SYSTEMS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Conference on Microwaves, Communications, Antennas and Electronic Systems CY MAY 13-14, 2008 CL Tel-Aviv, ISRAEL SP IEEE AB Atmospheric turbulence has been shown to cause measurable effects on the propagation of microwave and millimeter-wave signals. Although these effects are not as strong as those encountered at visible wavelengths because of their variation as f(7/6), where f is frequency, the contribution of the humidity structure function C-Q(2) makes these effects significant for many applications. In this paper we present results of calculations and measurements of the effects of atmospheric turbulence on millimeter wave signals at 117, 140, 173, and 230 GHz as well as calculations and measurements of these effects at 10 GHz. The agreement between theoretical and measured values is considered good for this type experiment. C1 US Army Space & Missile Def Command, Huntsville, AL 35807 USA. RP McMillan, RW (reprint author), US Army Space & Missile Def Command, POB 1500, Huntsville, AL 35807 USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-2097-1 PY 2008 BP 358 EP 367 PG 10 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BIG40 UT WOS:000259299900049 ER PT B AU Korpela, CM Ring, BA AF Korpela, Christopher M. Ring, Benjamin A. GP IEEE TI A Networked Control System for Heterogeneous Robots SO 2008 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON TECHNOLOGIES FOR PRACTICAL ROBOT APPLICATIONS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Conference on Technologies for Practical Robot Applications CY NOV 10-11, 2008 CL Woburn, MA SP IEEE AB To replace numerous platform-specific operator control units, this paper presents a design methodology; and implementation for a low-cost, networked control system for heterogeneous robots that is chassis and operator control unit independent. By leveraging small embedded computers, we can control and connect various platforms through an existing wireless infrastructure and implement semi-autonomous capabilities for obstacle detection and avoidance. Our approach uses a standardized control system that connects to existing robots in a plug-and-play manner. Our programmable and adaptable controller can be applied to a wide variety of sectors such as military, law enforcement, and search and rescue. Regardless of the sector, an urgent need exists to meet the current challenges of unmanned system interoperability. We achieve a level of standardization between various platforms in order to incorporate greater levels of compatibility and autonomy. C1 [Korpela, Christopher M.; Ring, Benjamin A.] US Mil Acad, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, West Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Korpela, CM (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, West Point, NY 10996 USA. EM christopher.korpela@usma.edu; benjamin.ring@usma.edu NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-2791-8 PY 2008 BP 122 EP 127 DI 10.1109/TEPRA.2008.4686685 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Robotics SC Engineering; Robotics GA BJF88 UT WOS:000265482600023 ER PT B AU Wang, ZM Arce, GR Sadler, BM Paredes, JL Hoyos, S Yu, ZZ AF Wang, Zhongmin Arce, Gonzalo R. Sadler, Brian M. Paredes, Jose L. Hoyos, Sebastian Yu, Zhuizhuan GP IEEE TI Compressed UWB signal detection with narrowband interference mitigation SO 2008 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON ULTRA-WIDEBAND, VOL 2, PROCEEDINGS SE Hannoversche Beitrage zur Nachrichtentechnik LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 8th IEEE International Conference on Ultra-Wideband CY SEP 10-12, 2008 CL Leibniz Univ Hannover, Hannover, GERMANY SP IEEE HO Leibniz Univ Hannover AB Operating at sub-Nyquist rate, compressed sensing (CS) has been successfully applied to the design of impulse ultra-wideband (I.UWB) receivers where Nyquist sampling is a formidable challenge. However, strong narrowband interference (NBI) can easily jam and saturate the receiver front-end and greatly degrade the system performance. In this paper, CS is applied to the design of I-UWB receivers with NBI mitigation. By exploiting the sparsity of the NBI within the pulse UWB spectrum. a compressive measurement matrix can be designed that is not only efficient at collecting signal energy, but also nulls out the NBI effectively. The performance analysis of the proposed receiver is provided. Simulation results show the effectiveness of the proposed method for UWB signal detection and NBI mitigation. C1 [Wang, Zhongmin; Arce, Gonzalo R.] Univ Delaware, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Newark, DE 19716 USA. [Sadler, Brian M.] AMSRL CI CN, Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. [Paredes, Jose L.] Univ Los Andes, Dept Elect Engn, Merida 5101, Venezuela. [Hoyos, Sebastian; Yu, Zhuizhuan] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. RP Wang, ZM (reprint author), Univ Delaware, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Newark, DE 19716 USA. RI Yu, Zhuizhuan/B-7042-2014 FU U. S. Army Research Laboratory under the Collaborative Technology Alliance Program [DAAD19-1-2-0011]; National Science Foundation [ECCS-0725422] FX Prepared through collaborative participation in the Communications and Networks Consortium sponsored by the U. S. Army Research Laboratory under the Collaborative Technology Alliance Program, Cooperative Agreement DAAD19-1-2-0011. The U.S. Government is authorized to reproduce and distribute reprints for Government purposes notwithstanding any copyright notation thereon. This work was also supported in part by the National Science Foundation under the Grant ECCS-0725422. NR 10 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 4 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-2216-6 J9 HANN BEITR NACHRICHT PY 2008 VL 2 BP 157 EP + DI 10.1109/ICUWB.2008.4653375 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BIT13 UT WOS:000262480600039 ER PT S AU Cochrane, CJ Lenahan, PM Lelis, AJ AF Cochrane, C. J. Lenahan, P. M. Lelis, A. J. GP IEEE TI Interface Traps in Silicon Carbide MOSFETs SO 2008 IEEE INTERNATIONAL INTEGRATED RELIABILITY WORKSHOP FINAL REPORT SE IEEE International Integrated Reliability Workshop Final Report LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Integrated Reliability Workshop CY OCT 12-16, 2008 CL Lake Tahoe, CA SP Stanfor Sierra Conf Ctr, IEEE ID SPIN-DEPENDENT RECOMBINATION; SURFACE RECOMBINATION; SEMICONDUCTORS; RADIATION AB In "classical" MOS technology, reliability and performance limiting defects are, as a rule, precisely at the insulator interface and very near that interface on the dielectric side. In the Si/SiO2 system, the dominating defects have typically been silicon dangling bond defects. During the last few years there has been a great deal of interest in "new materials" based MOS technologies. In these new devices, the physical location and chemical nature of performance limiting defects may be very different from the Si/SiO2 case. In this study we show that "interface traps" in 4H SiC MOSFETs may be very strongly influenced by the quality of the SiC substrate, with defects in that substrate present at densities which can be comparable to or in excess of the defect densities precisely at the semiconductor/dielectric interface. Using DCIV and magnetic resonance measurements, we explore the physical location and chemical nature of these performance limiting defects in variously processed SiC MOSFETs. C1 [Cochrane, C. J.; Lenahan, P. M.] Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Lelis, A. J.] US Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Cochrane, CJ (reprint author), Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM corey.cochrane@gmail.com; pmlesm@engr.psu.edu; alelis@arl.army.mil NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1930-8841 BN 978-1-4244-2194-7 J9 INT INTEG REL WRKSP PY 2008 BP 68 EP + DI 10.1109/IRWS.2008.4796089 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA BJF80 UT WOS:000265474700016 ER PT S AU Lelis, AJ Green, R Habersat, D Goldsman, N AF Lelis, A. J. Green, R. Habersat, D. Goldsman, N. GP IEEE TI Effect of Threshold-Voltage Instability on SiC DMOSFET Reliability SO 2008 IEEE INTERNATIONAL INTEGRATED RELIABILITY WORKSHOP FINAL REPORT SE IEEE International Integrated Reliability Workshop Final Report LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Integrated Reliability Workshop CY OCT 12-16, 2008 CL Lake Tahoe, CA SP Stanfor Sierra Conf Ctr, IEEE ID MOSFETS AB The instability of the threshold voltage in SiC power DMOSFETs due to gate-bias stress and ON-state stress is a potential reliability issue, although the effects can be mitigated if the threshold voltage is set with enough positive margin so that no increase in OFF-state leakage occurs. In this case, the primary effect will be to increase the ON-state resistance by about five percent, which should be tolerable for power converter applications. Subthreshold-slope analysis of slower parameter-analyzer results reveal similar instabilities to those of fast I-V measurements. C1 [Lelis, A. J.; Green, R.; Habersat, D.] USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. [Goldsman, N.] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Lelis, AJ (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM alelis@arl.army.mil NR 12 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1930-8841 BN 978-1-4244-2194-7 J9 INT INTEG REL WRKSP PY 2008 BP 72 EP + DI 10.1109/IRWS.2008.4796090 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA BJF80 UT WOS:000265474700017 ER PT B AU Yu, PL Baras, JS Sadler, BM AF Yu, Paul L. Baras, John S. Sadler, Brian M. GP IEEE TI Multicarrier Authentication at the Physical Layer SO 2008 IEEE INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON A WORLD OF WIRELESS, MOBILE AND MULTIMEDIA NETWORKS, VOLS 1 AND 2 SE IEEE International Symposium on a World of Wireless, Mobile and Multimedia Networks LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Symposium on a World of Wireless, Mobile and Multimedia Networks CY JUN 23-26, 2008 CL Newport Beach, CA SP IEEE AB Authentication is the process where claims of identity are verified. Though authentication mechanisms typically exist above the physical layer physical layer methods have recently been introduced that do not require extra bandwidth. In this paper we propose a multi-carrier extension to the work and consider the stealth and robustness tradeoffs. We conclude by discussing the power-reliability tradeoff and the applicability to cross-layer security. C1 [Yu, Paul L.; Baras, John S.] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Sadler, Brian M.] Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Yu, PL (reprint author), Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM paulyu@umd.edu; baras@umd.edu; bsadler@arl.army.mil NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-2099-5 J9 I S WORLD WIREL MOBI PY 2008 BP 817 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BJB03 UT WOS:000264285000115 ER PT B AU Anandkurnar, A Tong, L Swami, A Ephremides, A AF Anandkurnar, Animashree Tong, Lang Swami, Ananthram Ephremides, Anthony GP IEEE TI Cost-Performance Tradeoff in Multi-hop Aggregation for Statistical Inference SO 2008 IEEE INTERNATIONAL SYMPOSIUM ON INFORMATION THEORY PROCEEDINGS, VOLS 1-6 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Symposium on Information Theory CY JUL 06-11, 2008 CL Toronto, CANADA SP IEEE, RIM, Ontario Cent Excellence, IBM Res, Microsoft Res DE Detection and Estimation; Error Exponents; In-network Processing and Cost-Performance Analysis ID NETWORK AB The problem of distributed fusion for binary hypothesis testing in a multihop network is considered. The sensor measurements are spatially correlated according to a Markov random field (MRF) under both the hypotheses. A fusion scheme for detection involves selection and localized processing of a subset of sensor measurements, fusion of these processed values to form a sufficient statistic, and its delivery to the fusion center. The goal is to find a fusion scheme that achieves optimal linear trade-off between the total routing costs and the resulting detection error exponent at the fusion center. The Neyman-Pearson error exponent, under a fixed type-I bound, is shown to be the limit of the normalized sum of the Kullback-Leibler distances (KLD) over the maximal cliques of the MRF under some convergence conditions. It is shown that optimal fusion reduces to a prize-collecting Steiner tree (PCST) with the approximation factor preserved when the cliques of the MRF are disjoint. The PCST is found over an expanded communication graph with virtual nodes added for each non-trivial maximal clique of the MRF and their KLD assigned as the node penalty. C1 [Anandkurnar, Animashree; Tong, Lang] Cornell Univ, ECE Dept, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Swami, Ananthram] Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. [Ephremides, Anthony] Univ Maryland, Dept EE, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Anandkurnar, A (reprint author), Cornell Univ, ECE Dept, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM aa332@cornell.edu; ltong@ece.cornell.edu; a.swami@ieee.org; tony@eng.umd.edu FU U. S. Army Research Laboratory under the Collaborative Technology Alliance Program, Cooperative Agreement [DAAD19-01-2-0011]; National Science Foundation [CNS- 0435190]; DARPA ITMANET program FX This work was supported in part through the collaborative participation in the Communications and Networks Consortium sponsored by the U. S. Army Research Laboratory under the Collaborative Technology Alliance Program, Cooperative Agreement DAAD19-01-2-0011 and by the National Science Foundation under Contract CNS- 0435190. The third author was partially supported by the DARPA ITMANET program. The U. S. Government is authorized to reproduce and distribute reprints for Government purposes notwithstanding any copyright notation thereon. NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-2256-2 PY 2008 BP 662 EP + DI 10.1109/ISIT.2008.4595069 PG 2 WC Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BIK25 UT WOS:000260364400134 ER PT S AU Boksiner, J Bocskor, T AF Boksiner, Jeffrey Bocskor, Timothy GP IEEE TI Dielectric Breakdown of Electromagnetic Metamaterials in the Mean-Field Approximation SO 2008 IEEE MILITARY COMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE: MILCOM 2008, VOLS 1-7 SE IEEE Military Communications Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Military Communications Conference (MILCOM 2008) CY NOV 16-19, 2008 CL San Diego, CA SP IEEE AB Electromagnetic Metamaterials (MTMs) are artificial materials with novel electromagnetic properties not available in nature. MTMs typically consist of a homogeneous host material containing appropriately configured embedded compact inclusions. MTMs have the potential to enable significant improvement on performance of low-profile (i.e. microstrip) and conformal antennas, including reduction of antenna size and antenna coupling. One key limitation for MTM implementation is the possibility of dielectric breakdown from electrical stresses such as high ambient electric fields arising from the transmitter itself, lightning and atmospheric charges, precipitation static (p-static), and electrostatic discharge (ESD). In this paper we investigate dielectric breakdown in the mean-field approximation. Dielectric breakdown is deemed to occur if the electric potential across an insulator exceeds a certain critical value, causing the insulator to become conductive and leading to failure of the insulator. Embedded conductive structures, such as those comprising MTMs, cause electric field enhancement near the metallic inclusion lowering the electric strength. We calculate the detailed electric field distribution within the MTM and compare the peak values to a critical breakdown field. Using the mean-field theory, we replace each inclusion by an equivalent dipole. The effect of remaining dipoles is taken into account by an effective field. The polarizability is determined by a self-consistent solution for the effective field. We determine the detailed field in the vicinity of the inclusion by summing the effective field and the local field due to the inclusion. We find that the presence of Inclusions reduces the electric strength of the MTM in comparison to the electric strength of the pure host material. For a dilute MTM, the reduction depends mainly on the geometry of the inclusion. The reduction depends weakly on the concentration of the inclusions and is independent of the permittivity of the host material. The reduction may be significant even for very dilute MTMs and needs to be taken into account in practical applications. This work is an initial stage in CERDEC's effort to evaluate limitations to MTM parameters given the presence of intrinsic or environmental electromagnetic fields. C1 [Boksiner, Jeffrey; Bocskor, Timothy] USA, RDECOM CERDEC, Space & Terr Commun Directorate, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. RP Boksiner, J (reprint author), USA, RDECOM CERDEC, Space & Terr Commun Directorate, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2155-7578 BN 978-1-4244-2676-8 J9 IEEE MILIT COMMUN C PY 2008 BP 72 EP 78 PG 7 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Engineering; Telecommunications GA BJK58 UT WOS:000266709300012 ER PT S AU Boksiner, J Minko, G AF Boksiner, Jeffrey Minko, Glenn GP IEEE TI Modal Analysis of One-Dimensional Electromagnetic Metamaterial Grounded Slab SO 2008 IEEE MILITARY COMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE: MILCOM 2008, VOLS 1-7 SE IEEE Military Communications Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Military Communications Conference (MILCOM 2008) CY NOV 16-19, 2008 CL San Diego, CA SP IEEE AB Electromagnetic Metamaterials (MTMs) are artificial materials with novel electromagnetic properties not available in nature. MTMs have the potential to facilitate significant improvement on performance of low-profile (i.e. microstrip) and conformal antennas, including reduction of antenna size and antenna coupling. In this paper, we develop analytic expressions and corresponding tractable approximations for impedance and dispersion relations for one-dimensional MTMs applicable to a wide frequency range. Our technique obtains properties relevant for the application of MTMs to antennas without the need to derive the effective medium parameters first. We apply this technique to investigate surface wave modes supported by a single-layer and double-layer one-dimensional electromagnetic crystal on a ground plane. We use modal analysis for one-dimensional stratified periodic MTM media. The modal formalism is directly applicable to the surface wave problem and bypasses difficulties associated with defining average constitutive parameters that are valid only in the quasi-static region. We use transmission-line theory to solve the propagation problem in one direction, while modal functions are determined for the transverse plane. The stratified material is decomposed into unit cells. We apply Floquet's theorem and the chain matrix method to determine the characteristic impedance and the dispersion relation. We develop algebraic approximations to trigonometric functions In order to obtain approximate expressions in various frequency regimes. These approximations can be used to determine reactive impedance (stopgap) regions, surface-wave modes Greens functions (Antenna patterns), and resonance conditions for microstrip and conformal antennas. We apply this technique to the open slab configuration using transverse resonance. This work is an initial stage in CERDEC's effort to develop an approach to tailor MTM properties to meet military application-driven antenna requirements. C1 [Boksiner, Jeffrey; Minko, Glenn] USA, RDECOM CERDEC, Space & Terr Commun Directorate, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. RP Boksiner, J (reprint author), USA, RDECOM CERDEC, Space & Terr Commun Directorate, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2155-7578 BN 978-1-4244-2676-8 J9 IEEE MILIT COMMUN C PY 2008 BP 79 EP 85 PG 7 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Engineering; Telecommunications GA BJK58 UT WOS:000266709300013 ER PT S AU Karawas, GK Collin, RE AF Karawas, Georg K. Collin, Robert E. GP IEEE TI SPHERICAL SHELL OF ENG METAMATERIAL SURROUNDING A DIPOLE ANTENNA SO 2008 IEEE MILITARY COMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE: MILCOM 2008, VOLS 1-7 SE IEEE Military Communications Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Military Communications Conference (MILCOM 2008) CY NOV 16-19, 2008 CL San Diego, CA SP IEEE ID ELECTRICALLY SMALL ANTENNAS AB We present an exact analytical solution for the radiation impedance of an infinitesimal dipole surrounded by a thin spherical shell of epsilon negative material (ENG). The negative epsilon leads to a non-Foster reactance in the equivalent circuit and a much broader impedance bandwidth than would be expected from the Q of the antenna. When dispersion is considered, the non-Foster reactance disappears and the Q reverts back to the value based on the ratio of stored energy to radiated power. The analysis shows that a thin shell of ENG material provides no significant improvement in the performance of the dipole antenna. C1 [Karawas, Georg K.] USA, CERDEC S&TCD, Ft Monmouth, NJ USA. [Collin, Robert E.] Case Western Reserve Univ, Cleveland, OH 44106 USA. RP Karawas, GK (reprint author), USA, CERDEC S&TCD, Ft Monmouth, NJ USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2155-7578 BN 978-1-4244-2676-8 J9 IEEE MILIT COMMUN C PY 2008 BP 86 EP + PG 2 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Engineering; Telecommunications GA BJK58 UT WOS:000266709300014 ER PT S AU Green, L Ruffin, PB Holt, JC Hamilton, JS Turner, RJ Gallman, K AF Green, LeMonte Ruffin, Paul B. Holt, James C. Hamilton, Jones S. Turner, Reginald J. Gallman, Kelvin GP IEEE TI A CASE FOR EMBEDDED OPTICAL COMMUNICATIONS SO 2008 IEEE MILITARY COMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE: MILCOM 2008, VOLS 1-7 SE IEEE Military Communications Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Military Communications Conference (MILCOM 2008) CY NOV 16-19, 2008 CL San Diego, CA SP IEEE DE Optical fibers; Interconnections; Embedded Networking; Apache Longbow AB The weight of a vehicle's data and power cables will increase due to increased need for electronic components that are spread throughout the craft Advances in lasing and optical fiber systems present an opportunity for designers to embed optics into the vehicle's subsystems to reduce interconnect weight because glass is approximately 1/4. the weight of copper. This paper presents four types (levels) of optical integration showing the respective weight reducing benefits for several subsystems of the Apache Longbow helicopter. Systematic examinations of a subset of the Apache's systems indicate weight reductions will vary based upon the level of integration: the interconnect weight could increase (studies show -121% change) or decrease dramatically (studies show 89% weight improvement). Thus, this work demonstrates that while benefits could be large, careless introduction of optical technology into a vehicle like the Apache can have diminished or even detrimental effects. C1 [Green, LeMonte] Cent City Corp, Huntsville, AL 35806 USA. [Turner, Reginald J.] US Air Force, Inst Technol, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. [Ruffin, Paul B.; Holt, James C.; Hamilton, Jones S.] US Army, RDECOM AMRDEC, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. [Gallman, Kelvin] US Marines Corps, Las Vegas, NV 89141 USA. RP Green, L (reprint author), Cent City Corp, Huntsville, AL 35806 USA. NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2155-7578 BN 978-1-4244-2676-8 J9 IEEE MILIT COMMUN C PY 2008 BP 93 EP + PG 3 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Engineering; Telecommunications GA BJK58 UT WOS:000266709300015 ER PT S AU Pratt, T Nguyen, S Walkenhorst, BT AF Pratt, T. Nguyen, S. Walkenhorst, B. T. GP IEEE TI Dual-Polarized Architectures for Sensing with Wireless Communications Signals SO 2008 IEEE MILITARY COMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE: MILCOM 2008, VOLS 1-7 SE IEEE Military Communications Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Military Communications Conference (MILCOM 2008) CY NOV 16-19, 2008 CL San Diego, CA SP IEEE DE polarization; sensor; wireless communications AB Methods for detecting object translation and/or motion using differential polarization-based sensing are described. Both time and frequency-based polarimetric sensing strategies are considered. The time-based detection statistic is formed using the differential time-averaged received signal polarization state. This approach suffers from the impact of polarization-sensitive channel impairments, especially polarization mode dispersion (PMD). As PMD effects become more prominent, the variability of the time-domain signal polarization increases and the average polarization over a detection interval may be substantially different from the instantaneous signal polarization states, detracting from the overall sensitivity of the detection statistic. Frequency-domain approaches, on the other hand, can leverage the relatively stable polarization-frequency signature of the received signal, and can be designed to easily exploit PMD using differential detection in the subbands. Integration of the detections over the full complement of subbands is then used to arrive at a final detection statistic. Using indoor measurements, the resulting subbanded architecture is found to provide improved detection sensitivity in comparison to the time-based version as well as to more conventional power-based techniques, including a subbanded power-based architecture. C1 [Pratt, T.] Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. [Nguyen, S.] Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. [Walkenhorst, B. T.] Georgia Tech Res Inst, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. RP Pratt, T (reprint author), Univ Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556 USA. EM tpratt@nd.edu; snguyen@arl.army.mil; brett.walkenhorst@gtri.gatech.edu FU U. S. Army Research Laboratory [DAADI9-01-2-0011] FX Prepared through collaborative participation in the Communications and Networks Consortium sponsored by the U. S. Army Research Laboratory under the Collaborative Technology Alliance Program, Cooperative Agreement DAADI9-01-2-0011. The U. S. Government is authorized to reproduce and distribute reprints for Government purposes notwithstanding any copyright notation thereon NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2155-7578 BN 978-1-4244-2676-8 J9 IEEE MILIT COMMUN C PY 2008 BP 265 EP + PG 2 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Engineering; Telecommunications GA BJK58 UT WOS:000266709300041 ER PT S AU Nguyen, BQ AF Nguyen, Binh Q. GP IEEE TI TRANSFORMATION AND ANIMATION OF MOBILITY TRACES SO 2008 IEEE MILITARY COMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE: MILCOM 2008, VOLS 1-7 SE IEEE Military Communications Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Military Communications Conference (MILCOM 2008) CY NOV 16-19, 2008 CL San Diego, CA SP IEEE AB A method for transforming mobility traces of a mobile ad-hoc network (MANET) into a virtual network topology and for graphically animating and editing them is described in this paper. Examples of heterogeneous mobility traces used in this study were generally time-stamped positions of each participating node in a MANET, but they were structured differently in diverse file formats and came from different sources. The files storing the traces presented in this paper consisted of "tick" files created by Sparta, Inc.; Qualnet/Glomosim files generated from the Web-based Generic Mobility Simulation Framework (GMSF); "AHAS" files taken from field exercises; and internally produced topology-definition files storing specifications for creating a virtual network topology. The presented method enables the use of externally generated mobility traces to serve three major research purposes: (l) providing a graphical aid in the study of movement patterns, (2) animating a dynamic network topology, and (3) creating derivatives to fit a particular need using a topology-definition tool that was developed by the U.S. Army Research Laboratory (ARL) called the ARL Topodef Tool [1]. Detailed data structures of the transformed mobility traces and screenshots of their network topologies are also included in this paper. The method was recently implemented and added to the ARL Topodef tool to provide its users a way to leverage existing resources and re-use mobility traces, and thus it reduced internal development effort and enabled the try-out of mobility scenarios developed by others more conveniently. C1 US Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD USA. RP Nguyen, BQ (reprint author), US Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD USA. NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2155-7578 BN 978-1-4244-2676-8 J9 IEEE MILIT COMMUN C PY 2008 BP 341 EP 345 PG 5 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Engineering; Telecommunications GA BJK58 UT WOS:000266709300052 ER PT S AU Kant, L Chang, K McAuley, A Manousakis, K Shallcross, D Younis, O Gorlatova, M Young, K Graff, C AF Kant, L. Chang, K. McAuley, A. Manousakis, K. Shallcross, D. Younis, O. Gorlatova, M. Young, K. Graff, C. GP IEEE TI NEDAT- A toolset to design and analyze future force networks SO 2008 IEEE MILITARY COMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE: MILCOM 2008, VOLS 1-7 SE IEEE Military Communications Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Military Communications Conference (MILCOM 2008) CY NOV 16-19, 2008 CL San Diego, CA SP IEEE AB The Department of Defense has developed the overarching concept of Net-Centric Warfare (NCW) to incorporate the technological advancements of the information age into the U.S. military. Mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs) are a vital component to realizing the NCW concept. To ensure the success of the NCW concept, there is a critical need for systematic techniques based on formal approaches to designing and predicting performance of MANETs. This paper presents a Network Engineering Design Analytic Toolset (NEDAT) that applies network science based approaches to the design and analysis of NCW-like networks. It is the result of a joint project between CERDEC and Telcordia Technologies. C1 [Kant, L.; Chang, K.; McAuley, A.; Manousakis, K.; Shallcross, D.; Younis, O.; Gorlatova, M.; Young, K.] Telcordia Technol, 1 Telcordia Dr, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. [Graff, C.] US Army, CERDEC, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. RP Kant, L (reprint author), Telcordia Technol, 1 Telcordia Dr, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. EM lkant@research.telcordia.com FU CERDEC STCD Network Design Program FX We acknowledge with gratitude the support from CERDEC STCD Network Design Program, in funding this work NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2155-7578 BN 978-1-4244-2676-8 J9 IEEE MILIT COMMUN C PY 2008 BP 497 EP + PG 2 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Engineering; Telecommunications GA BJK58 UT WOS:000266709300077 ER PT S AU Preece, A Pizzocaro, D Borowiecki, K de Mel, G Gomez, M Vasconcelos, W Bar-Noy, A Johnson, MP La Porta, T Rowaihy, H Pearson, G Pham, T AF Preece, A. Pizzocaro, D. Borowiecki, K. de Mel, G. Gomez, M. Vasconcelos, W. Bar-Noy, A. Johnson, M. P. La Porta, T. Rowaihy, H. Pearson, G. Pham, T. GP IEEE TI Reasoning and Resource Allocation for Sensor-Mission Assignment in a Coalition Context SO 2008 IEEE MILITARY COMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE: MILCOM 2008, VOLS 1-7 SE IEEE Military Communications Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Military Communications Conference (MILCOM 2008) CY NOV 16-19, 2008 CL San Diego, CA SP IEEE AB We consider the problem of sensor-mission assignment as that of allocating a collection of intelligence, surveillance and reconnaisance (ISR) assets (including sensors and sensor platforms) to a set of mission tasks in an attempt to satisfy the ISR requirements of those tasks. This problem is exacerbated in a coalition context because the full range of possible ISR solutions is not easy to obtain at-a-glance. Moreover, the operational environment is highly dynamic, with frequent changes in ISR requirements and availability of assets. In this paper we describe a solution for the sensor-mission assignment problem that aims to maximize agility in sensor-mission assignment, while preserving robustness. The search space of potential solutions is reduced by employing a semantic reasoner to work out the types of sensor and platform bundles suitable for a given set of ISR tasks. Then, an efficient resource allocation algorithm is used to assign bundles of sensor/platform instances to satisfy each task, within the search space determined by the reasoner. The availability of instances takes into account access rights on those instances across the coalition's inventory. We describe a proof-of-concept implementation of this approach, in the form of a decision support tool for ISR planning. We illustrate the approach in the context of a coalition peace support operation scenario. C1 [Preece, A.; Pizzocaro, D.; Borowiecki, K.] Cardiff Univ, Cardiff, S Glam, Wales. [de Mel, G.; Gomez, M.; Vasconcelos, W.] Univ Aberdeen, Aberdeen AB9 1FX, Scotland. [Bar-Noy, A.; Johnson, M. P.] CUNY, New York, NY 10017 USA. [La Porta, T.; Rowaihy, H.] Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Pearson, G.] DTSL, Great Malvern, England. [Pham, T.] US Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Preece, A (reprint author), Cardiff Univ, Cardiff, S Glam, Wales. EM a.d.preece@cs.cardiff.ac.uk RI Preece, Alun/B-4007-2010 FU US Army Research Laboratory; UK Ministry of Defence [W911NF-06-3-0001] FX This research was sponsored by the US Army Research Laboratory and the UK Ministry of Defence and was accomplished under agreement W911NF-06-3-0001. The views contained in this paper are those of the authors and should not be interpreted as representing the official policies, either expressed or implied, of the US ARL, the UK MoD, or the US or UK Governments. The US and UK Governments are authorized to reproduce and distribute reprints for Government purposes notwithstanding any copyright notation hereon. NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2155-7578 BN 978-1-4244-2676-8 J9 IEEE MILIT COMMUN C PY 2008 BP 537 EP + PG 2 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Engineering; Telecommunications GA BJK58 UT WOS:000266709300083 ER PT S AU Ganesh, S Natu, M Sethi, A Gopaul, R Hardy, R AF Ganesh, Shriram Natu, Maitreya Sethi, Adarshpal Gopaul, Richard Hardy, Rommie GP IEEE TI DESIGN APPROACHES FOR STEALTHY PROBING MECHANISMS IN BATTLEFIELD NETWORKS SO 2008 IEEE MILITARY COMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE: MILCOM 2008, VOLS 1-7 SE IEEE Military Communications Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Military Communications Conference (MILCOM 2008) CY NOV 16-19, 2008 CL San Diego, CA SP IEEE AB Various approaches have been proposed in the past for monitoring a network to diagnose failures and performance bottlenecks. One such approach for efficient and effective monitoring is probing. Probes such as ICMP pings are an effective tool for detecting network nodes which have been compromised by an attacker who tries to delay or drop traffic passing through the captured node. However an intelligent attacker may evade detection by giving preferential treatment to probe traffic. This is usually possible because probe packets have a different format from regular application packets and are easily distinguishable. Hence, it is important to probe in a stealthy manner so as to avoid identification of probes by an attacker and to ensure the collection of accurate system health statistics. In this paper, we review design approaches for generating stealthy probes and describe various possible mechanisms that can be used for such a design. These approaches are evaluated according to the design criteria and we identify what may be feasible solutions for stealthy probing in battlefield ad-hoc wireless networks. C1 [Ganesh, Shriram; Natu, Maitreya; Sethi, Adarshpal] Univ Delaware, Newark, DE 19716 USA. [Gopaul, Richard; Hardy, Rommie] US Army, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Ganesh, S (reprint author), Univ Delaware, Newark, DE 19716 USA. EM ganesh@cis.udel.edu; natu@cis.udel.edu; sethi@cis.udel.edu; rgopaul@arl.army.mil; rhardy@arl.army.mil NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2155-7578 BN 978-1-4244-2676-8 J9 IEEE MILIT COMMUN C PY 2008 BP 558 EP + PG 2 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Engineering; Telecommunications GA BJK58 UT WOS:000266709300086 ER PT S AU Giammarco, K Sidhu, D AF Giammarco, Kristin Sidhu, Deepinder GP IEEE TI BUILDING SYSTEMS WITH PREDICTABLE PERFORMANCE: A JOINT BIOMETRICS ARCHITECTURE EMULATION SO 2008 IEEE MILITARY COMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE: MILCOM 2008, VOLS 1-7 SE IEEE Military Communications Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Military Communications Conference (MILCOM 2008) CY NOV 16-19, 2008 CL San Diego, CA SP IEEE AB The US Army CERDEC supported the Army Chief Information Officer (CIO/G-6) on a joint effort to develop a reliable, robust, secure, survivable and optimized Joint Biometrics Architecture with predictable performance in support of the Warfighter. This paper describes the application of an emulation technique for integrated (OVs, SVs, TVs) architecture assessment, and highlights the emulation of a Joint Biometrics Architecture use case in the TeleniX Suite virtual emulation environment as a case study. This emulation used a synthetic Iris Biometrics Database created for testing technical threads and scenarios in the Joint Biometrics Architecture. The emulation focused on the Base Access thread operation as described in the Biometrics Operational Architecture [DoD-2007] with the following scenarios: Enroll a person with a biometrics sample, Allow base access, and Deny base access. Architecture emulation provides insight into performance parameters of real-time communications systems, such as response times for access decisions, bandwidth utilization and data synchronization among geographically distributed Biometrics Databases and users under realistic operational scenarios. The ability to predict such performance parameters at the systems of systems level enables greater understanding of trade offs and better design of the overall system. C1 [Giammarco, Kristin] USA, CERDEC, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. [Sidhu, Deepinder] TeleniX Corp, Columbia, MD 21045 USA. RP Giammarco, K (reprint author), USA, CERDEC, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2155-7578 BN 978-1-4244-2676-8 J9 IEEE MILIT COMMUN C PY 2008 BP 683 EP + PG 2 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Engineering; Telecommunications GA BJK58 UT WOS:000266709300104 ER PT S AU Rivera, J Samper, W Clinger, B AF Rivera, Jorge Samper, William Clinger, Barry GP IEEE TI Live Training Transformation (LT2) Product Line Applied Standards For Reusable Integrated And Interoperable Solutions SO 2008 IEEE MILITARY COMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE: MILCOM 2008, VOLS 1-7 SE IEEE Military Communications Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Military Communications Conference (MILCOM 2008) CY NOV 16-19, 2008 CL San Diego, CA SP IEEE AB The U.S. Army Program Executive Office (PEO) Simulation Training and Instrumentation (STRI) has established a Live Training Transformation (LT2) product line approach to developing a Family of Training Systems (FTS) that provide the ground maneuver training range functions supporting Army live and Joint training environments. The success of the LT2 program strategy is dependent on defining standards and initiatives derived to promote systematic reuse of software and interoperability solutions for the LT2 products. Application of LT2 product line standards have matured reducing life cycle development and sustainment costs through the creation of common reusable architectures providing integrated and interoperable training solutions for the LT2-FTS deployable to Army Ranges. LT2 standard initiatives cover the following primary areas of technology development: Tactical Engagement Simulation System (TESS), training instrumentation systems, software architecture, targetry and battlefield effects, and Joint Live-Virtual-Constructive interoperability. Approved and established standards include Common Training Instrumentation Architecture (CTIA), OneTESS, Family of Army Systems and Integrated Targetry (FASIT), Integrated Player Unit (IPU), Common Player Unit Interface Control Document (ICD), Consolidated Product Line Management (CPM), Graphical User Interface (GUI) Framework, and LT2 HCI Style guide. The LT2 standards provide industry the appropriate development guidelines and interface definitions in order to maximize industry involvement in developing product line solutions and providing advanced training capabilities through technology insertion. This paper provides an overview of how government and industry worked together to establish the LT2 standard initiatives based on common LT2-FTS use cases and details the relevant solution sets resulting in achievement of the PEO STRI mission and the LT2-FTS product line interoperability and reuse objectives. C1 [Rivera, Jorge; Samper, William] USA, PEO STRI, Orlando, FL 32765 USA. [Clinger, Barry] Riptide Software Inc, Orlando, FL 32765 USA. RP Rivera, J (reprint author), USA, PEO STRI, Orlando, FL 32765 USA. EM Jorge.Rivera2@peostri.army.mil; william.samper@peostri.army.mil; Barry.Clinger@Riptidesoftware.com NR 16 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2155-7578 BN 978-1-4244-2676-8 J9 IEEE MILIT COMMUN C PY 2008 BP 691 EP + PG 2 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Engineering; Telecommunications GA BJK58 UT WOS:000266709300105 ER PT S AU Yee, D Graff, C AF Yee, David Graff, Charles GP IEEE TI APPLICATION OF NETWORK DESIGN TOOL TO TACTICAL MOBILE AD HOC NETWORKS SO 2008 IEEE MILITARY COMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE: MILCOM 2008, VOLS 1-7 SE IEEE Military Communications Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Military Communications Conference (MILCOM 2008) CY NOV 16-19, 2008 CL San Diego, CA SP IEEE AB NEDAT (Network Engineering Design and Analysis Toolset) is an engineering tool being developed by US Army RDECOM-CERDEC to assist network designers in the design and construction of mobile ad hoc networks based on end-user performance goals and requirements. This paper will introduce and describe the functionality of the current version of NEDAT (v2.1) and to show how it can be used in designing MANETs (Mobile Ad Hoc Networks). Results produced by the tool will help network designers to choose optimum components and parameters (e.g. protocols, transmit power) for the network to meet or exceed the stated performance goals. A description of the areas focused in the networking design space will be presented. C1 [Yee, David; Graff, Charles] US Army, RDECOM CERDEC, Ft Monmouth, NJ USA. RP Yee, D (reprint author), US Army, RDECOM CERDEC, Ft Monmouth, NJ USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2155-7578 BN 978-1-4244-2676-8 J9 IEEE MILIT COMMUN C PY 2008 BP 771 EP 775 PG 5 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Engineering; Telecommunications GA BJK58 UT WOS:000266709300116 ER PT S AU Luu, BB Hardy, RL Tran, GT AF Luu, Brian B. Hardy, Rommie L. Tran, George T. GP IEEE TI A TECHNIQUE FOR DETERMINING RADIO-SIGNAL PROPAGATION IN AN EMULATED WIRELESS ENVIRONMENT SO 2008 IEEE MILITARY COMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE: MILCOM 2008, VOLS 1-7 SE IEEE Military Communications Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Military Communications Conference (MILCOM 2008) CY NOV 16-19, 2008 CL San Diego, CA SP IEEE AB The Mobile Ad hoc Network Emulator (MANE) test bed relies on accurate determination of radio signal propagation to emulate realistic mobile ad hoc network (MANET) connectivity. The determination of radio wave propagation is a very complex process that depends on numerous factors such as the transmitting medium (e.g., vacuum, air, or water), antenna properties of transmitters and receivers, and the geometrical environment (i.e. terrain). The Terrain-Integrated Rough-Earth Model (TIREM) software is an Army standard for computing the path loss of radio wave propagation, but it cannot currently be used directly by the MANE system software to determine network connectivity. This paper describes the implementation of an efficient preprocessing technique for using and integrating TIREM into the MANE software system to improve the precision of the calculated radio propagation path loss. The implemented technique has expedited the determination of connectivity and the decision to forward network packets in the MANE test bed. C1 [Luu, Brian B.; Hardy, Rommie L.; Tran, George T.] USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD USA. RP Luu, BB (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2155-7578 BN 978-1-4244-2676-8 J9 IEEE MILIT COMMUN C PY 2008 BP 876 EP 880 PG 5 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Engineering; Telecommunications GA BJK58 UT WOS:000266709300132 ER PT S AU Hamilton, SS Hamilton, JA AF Hamilton, Stephen S. Hamilton, John A., Jr. GP IEEE TI Secure Jam Resistant Key Transfer: Using the DOD CAC Card to secure a radio link by employing the BBC jam resistant algorithm SO 2008 IEEE MILITARY COMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE: MILCOM 2008, VOLS 1-7 SE IEEE Military Communications Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Military Communications Conference (MILCOM 2008) CY NOV 16-19, 2008 CL San Diego, CA SP IEEE AB The demand for reliable secure wireless communication is constantly increasing especially within the Department of Defense. As wireless communications become more critical, the need to secure them increases as well. A theoretical approach to jam resistance without a pre-shared secret (BBC algorithm) was developed at the United States Air Force Academy that can enable radios to transfer keys in a jam resistant manner. This algorithm is theoretically proven to provide significant jam resistance, however it does not provide security. The DOD Common Access Card (CAC) can enable security without a pre-shared secret using public and private key pairs. This application combines the CAC card and BBC algorithm to provide a jam resistant secure method of generating and transporting a temporal symmetric key without the use of pre-shared keys. The application specifically contains a user friendly GUI for CAC card operations on the Linux platform to include reading Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) Certificates, user authentication, and basic key management. It also contains the functions to transmit and receive public keys and encrypted symmetric keys using the BBC codec and the GNU Software Radio. C1 [Hamilton, Stephen S.] US Mil Acad, West Point, NY 10996 USA. [Hamilton, John A., Jr.] Auburn Univ, Auburn, AL 36849 USA. RP Hamilton, SS (reprint author), US Mil Acad, West Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 17 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2155-7578 BN 978-1-4244-2676-8 J9 IEEE MILIT COMMUN C PY 2008 BP 920 EP + PG 2 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Engineering; Telecommunications GA BJK58 UT WOS:000266709300139 ER PT S AU Zheng, SS Jiang, T Baras, JS Sonalker, A Sterne, D Gopaul, R Hardy, R AF Zheng, Shanshan Jiang, Tao Baras, John S. Sonalker, Anuja Sterne, Dan Gopaul, Richard Hardy, Rommie GP IEEE TI INTRUSION DETECTION OF IN-BAND WORMHOLES IN MANETS USING ADVANCED STATISTICAL METHODS SO 2008 IEEE MILITARY COMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE: MILCOM 2008, VOLS 1-7 SE IEEE Military Communications Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Military Communications Conference (MILCOM 2008) CY NOV 16-19, 2008 CL San Diego, CA SP IEEE AB Due to the dynamics and mobility of mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs), intrusion detection techniques in MANETs must be adaptive. In this work, we propose detection schemes that are suitable to detect in-band wormhole attacks. The first detection scheme uses the Sequential Probability Ratio Test (SPRT). The SPRT has been proven to be an optimal detection test when the probability distributions of both normal and abnormal behaviors are given. Furthermore, we introduce non-parametric methods, which require no training and are more adaptive to mobile scenarios. The proposed detection schemes are implemented and evaluated using a 48-node testbed and a mobile adhoc network emulator at the Army Research Lab. The performance and detection accuracy of various schemes are compared, especially in the presence of congestion. We provide tradeoffs analyses among detection latency and probabilities of false alarms and missed detection. C1 [Zheng, Shanshan; Jiang, Tao; Baras, John S.] Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. [Sonalker, Anuja; Sterne, Dan] Sparta Syst Inc, Columbia, MD 21046 USA. [Gopaul, Richard; Hardy, Rommie] US Army, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Zheng, SS (reprint author), Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. FU U.S. Army Research Laboratory under the Collaborative Technology Alliance Program [DAAD19-01-2-0011] FX This work is prepared through collaborative participation in the Communications and Networks Consortium sponsored by the U.S. Army Research Laboratory under the Collaborative Technology Alliance Program, Cooperative Agreement DAAD19-01-2-0011. NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2155-7578 BN 978-1-4244-2676-8 J9 IEEE MILIT COMMUN C PY 2008 BP 973 EP + PG 2 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Engineering; Telecommunications GA BJK58 UT WOS:000266709300146 ER PT S AU Torrieri, D Valenti, MC AF Torrieri, Don Valenti, Matthew C. GP IEEE TI Efficient Space-Time Block Codes Designed by a Genetic Algorithm SO 2008 IEEE MILITARY COMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE: MILCOM 2008, VOLS 1-7 SE IEEE Military Communications Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Military Communications Conference (MILCOM 2008) CY NOV 16-19, 2008 CL San Diego, CA SP IEEE ID MINIMUM DECODING COMPLEXITY; QUASI-ORTHOGONAL STBC; PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS AB Space-time block codes with orthogonal structures typically provide full-diversity reception and simple receiver processing. However, rate-1 orthogonal codes for complex constellations have not been found for more than two transmit antennas. By using a genetic algorithm, rate-1 space-time block codes that accommodate very simple receiver processing at the cost of reduced diversity are designed. Simulation results show that when the spectral efficiency is specified and an efficient outer code is used, the evolved codes provide better performance over the Rayleigh fading channel than minimum-decoding-complexity quasi-orthogonal space-time block codes at typical operating signal-to-noise ratios. When the fading is more severe than Rayleigh fading, evolved codes outperform orthogonal space-time block codes. C1 [Torrieri, Don] USA, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20310 USA. [Valenti, Matthew C.] W Virginia Univ, Morgantown, WV 26506 USA. RP Torrieri, D (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20310 USA. EM dtorr@arl.army.mil; mvalenti@csee.wvu.edu NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2155-7578 BN 978-1-4244-2676-8 J9 IEEE MILIT COMMUN C PY 2008 BP 1255 EP + PG 2 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Engineering; Telecommunications GA BJK58 UT WOS:000266709300188 ER PT S AU Barooah, P Swami, A AF Barooah, Prabir Swami, Ananthram GP IEEE TI RECURSIVE TIME-SYNCHRONIZATION IN SENSOR NETWORKS SO 2008 IEEE MILITARY COMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE: MILCOM 2008, VOLS 1-7 SE IEEE Military Communications Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Military Communications Conference (MILCOM 2008) CY NOV 16-19, 2008 CL San Diego, CA SP IEEE ID RELATIVE MEASUREMENTS AB Clock synchronization is a critical challenge in wireless sensor networks. Noisy measurements of relative offset and skew between pairs of nodes can be obtained by an exchange of time-stamped packets. The problem then can be cast as a linear estimation problem, and many distributed algorithms have been proposed recently. These algorithms are iterative, involving exchange of estimates with 1-hop neighbors. These message exchanges could be time-stamped to yield additional measurements of clock offsets and skews. We propose a distributed algorithm to fuse the new measurements with the current estimates. We show that the estimates produced by the proposed protocol converge in mean square to the true parameter values. More importantly, the error variance of the estimates even after a small number of iterations are far lower than what the earlier protocols achieved upon convergence. Simulations also indicate that the algorithm is robust to intermittent link and node failures. C1 [Barooah, Prabir] Univ Florida, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. [Swami, Ananthram] Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD USA. RP Barooah, P (reprint author), Univ Florida, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. EM pbarooah@ufl.edu; a.swami@ieee.org NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2155-7578 BN 978-1-4244-2676-8 J9 IEEE MILIT COMMUN C PY 2008 BP 1500 EP + PG 3 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Engineering; Telecommunications GA BJK58 UT WOS:000266709300226 ER PT S AU Torrieri, D Mukherjee, A Kwon, HM AF Torrieri, Don Mukherjee, Amitav Kwon, Hyuck M. GP IEEE TI Blind Iterative Channel Estimation and Detection for LDPC-Coded Cooperation Under Multi-User Interference SO 2008 IEEE MILITARY COMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE: MILCOM 2008, VOLS 1-7 SE IEEE Military Communications Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Military Communications Conference (MILCOM 2008) CY NOV 16-19, 2008 CL San Diego, CA SP IEEE ID PARITY-CHECK CODES; WIRELESS NETWORKS; DIVERSITY; DESIGN AB This paper proposes an iterative algorithm for blind estimation of channel coefficients and interference-plus-noise power spectral density in a coded cooperative system using rate-compatible low-density parity-check codes. The expectation-maximization (EM)-based estimation algorithm is applied to an interference-limited network with multiple source-relay pairs. After the initial blind estimation, the soft decoder output is used to recompute the channel coefficient and noise-PSD values. The cooperative system with blind EM estimation is found to have a decoding performance comparable to that obtained with time-multiplexed and superimposed pilot-assisted channel estimation (PACE) methods. At the same time, the proposed scheme is shown to have a higher throughput than the PACE methods considered for comparison. C1 [Torrieri, Don] USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD USA. [Mukherjee, Amitav] Univ Calif Irvine, Irvine, CA USA. [Kwon, Hyuck M.] Wichita State Univ, Wichita, KS USA. RP Torrieri, D (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD USA. EM dtorr@arl.army.mil; a.mukherjee@uci.edu; hyuck.kwon@wichita.edu NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2155-7578 BN 978-1-4244-2676-8 J9 IEEE MILIT COMMUN C PY 2008 BP 1541 EP + PG 2 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Engineering; Telecommunications GA BJK58 UT WOS:000266709300233 ER PT S AU Torrieri, D Mukherjee, A Kwon, HM AF Torrieri, Don Mukherjee, Amitav Kwon, Hyuck M. GP IEEE TI Doubly Iterative LDPC-Coded DS-CDMA Receivers with Coherent Detection, EM Channel Estimation, and No Pilot Symbols SO 2008 IEEE MILITARY COMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE: MILCOM 2008, VOLS 1-7 SE IEEE Military Communications Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Military Communications Conference (MILCOM 2008) CY NOV 16-19, 2008 CL San Diego, CA SP IEEE ID FADING CHANNELS; INTERFERENCE AB In this paper, we describe direct-sequence code-division multiple-access (CDMA) systems with M-ary modulation in which channel estimation, coherent demodulation, and decoding are iteratively performed without the use of any training or pilot symbols. An expectation-maximization channel-estimation algorithm for the fading amplitude and interference-plus-noise power spectral density (PSD) is proposed for CDMA systems with low-density parity-check codes. The elimination of pilot symbols simplifies the system design and allows either an enhancement in information throughput or greater spectral efficiency by increasing the information-symbol duration. After initial estimates of the fading amplitude and noise PSD are obtained from the received symbols, subsequent values of these parameters are iteratively updated by using the soft feedback from the channel decoder. The updated estimates are combined with the received symbols and iteratively passed to the decoder. Although the bit error rates of the proposed systems may be slightly larger than those of comparable systems with pilot-assisted channel estimation, the throughputs are higher. C1 [Torrieri, Don] USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD USA. [Mukherjee, Amitav; Kwon, Hyuck M.] Wichita State Univ, Wichita, KS USA. RP Torrieri, D (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD USA. EM dtorr@arl.army.mil; axmukherjee@wichita.edu; hyuck.kwon@wichita.edu NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2155-7578 BN 978-1-4244-2676-8 J9 IEEE MILIT COMMUN C PY 2008 BP 1548 EP + PG 2 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Engineering; Telecommunications GA BJK58 UT WOS:000266709300234 ER PT S AU Mody, AN Sherman, MJ Martinez, R Reddy, R Kiernan, T AF Mody, Apurva N. Sherman, Matthew J. Martinez, Ralph Reddy, Ranga Kiernan, Thomas GP IEEE TI A SURVEY OF IEEE STANDARDS SUPPORTING COGNITIVE RADIO AND DYNAMIC SPECTRUM ACCESS SO 2008 IEEE MILITARY COMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE: MILCOM 2008, VOLS 1-7 SE IEEE Military Communications Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Military Communications Conference (MILCOM 2008) CY NOV 16-19, 2008 CL San Diego, CA SP IEEE DE Cognitive Radio (CR); Dynamic Spectrum Access (DSA); Co-existence; White Space; Cognitive Networks AB Standardization is key to the success of many technologies. Cognitive radio (CR) is no exception. CR techniques are being applied in many different communications systems. They promise to improve the utilization of radio frequencies making room for new and additional commercial data, emergency, and military communications services [1,,2]. In the United States (US) these techniques are being considered by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) for communications services in unlicensed VHF and UHF TV bands. Similar consideration is being given elsewhere in the world such as with Office of Communications (Ofcom) in the United Kingdom. Standardization is at the core of cognitive radio's current and future successes. Industry stake-holders are participating in international standards activities governing the use of cognitive radio techniques. This article provides a survey of cognitive radio standardization activities, their past and present, and discusses prospects and issues for future standardization. C1 [Mody, Apurva N.; Sherman, Matthew J.; Martinez, Ralph] BAE Syst, Nashua, NH 03060 USA. [Reddy, Ranga; Kiernan, Thomas] US ARMY, CERDEC, RDECOM, S & TCD Seams, Houston, TX USA. RP Mody, AN (reprint author), BAE Syst, Nashua, NH 03060 USA. EM apurva.mody@baesystems.com NR 15 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2155-7578 BN 978-1-4244-2676-8 J9 IEEE MILIT COMMUN C PY 2008 BP 1756 EP + PG 2 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Engineering; Telecommunications GA BJK58 UT WOS:000266709300267 ER PT S AU Lin, YJ Chennikara-Varghese, J Gannett, J Lee, J Serban, C Chadha, R Chiang, CYJ Newman, S Izzo, W AF Lin, Yow-Jian Chennikara-Varghese, Jasmine Gannett, Joel Lee, John Serban, Constantin Chadha, Ritu Chiang, Cho-Yu Jason Newman, Scott Izzo, William GP IEEE TI CROSS-LAYER QOS DESIGN: OVERCOMING QOS-UNAWARE SLOT ALLOCATION SO 2008 IEEE MILITARY COMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE: MILCOM 2008, VOLS 1-7 SE IEEE Military Communications Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Military Communications Conference (MILCOM 2008) CY NOV 16-19, 2008 CL San Diego, CA SP IEEE AB Layer 2 radio resource allocation schemes being used in mobile ad hoc networks (MANET) do not always take into account the Quality of Set-vice (QoS) requirements of network traffic. As an example, the current USAP (Unifying Slot Assignment Protocol) slot allocation scheme is QoS-unaware. Consequently the scheme could grant available slots to lower priority traffic instead of higher priority traffic. This greatly reduces the effectiveness of QoS management schemes at other layers of the protocol stack (e.g. DiffServ at layer 3, and admission control at the application layer). We describe a cross-layer solution to this problem where a Local QoS Control (LQC) component is placed on every node. The LQCs on nodes in a channelized neighborhood share their per traffic class radio resource needs, enabling the LQC at each node to determine its urgency for additional slots comparing to that of other nodes in the neighborhood Thus, in nodes that have a less urgent need for slots, the LQC can filter local application traffic to reduce the local demand for slots, which in turn helps those nodes with more urgent need to have a better chance securing additional slots. A description of the approach and a performance analysis is presented. C1 [Lin, Yow-Jian; Chennikara-Varghese, Jasmine; Gannett, Joel; Lee, John; Serban, Constantin; Chadha, Ritu; Chiang, Cho-Yu Jason] Telcordia Technol, Piscataway, NJ USA. [Newman, Scott] US Army, CERDEC, Ft Monmouth, NJ USA. [Izzo, William] Booz Allen Hamilton, Mclean, VA USA. RP Lin, YJ (reprint author), Telcordia Technol, Piscataway, NJ USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2155-7578 BN 978-1-4244-2676-8 J9 IEEE MILIT COMMUN C PY 2008 BP 2369 EP + PG 2 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Engineering; Telecommunications GA BJK58 UT WOS:000266709301080 ER PT S AU Li, JH Peng, W Levy, R Staikos, A Chiang, M AF Li, Jason H. Peng, Wilbur Levy, Renato Staikos, Aristides Chiang, Mung GP IEEE TI ON SYSTEMATIC CROSS-LAYER DESIGN FOR AD HOC NETWORKS SO 2008 IEEE MILITARY COMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE: MILCOM 2008, VOLS 1-7 SE IEEE Military Communications Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Military Communications Conference (MILCOM 2008) CY NOV 16-19, 2008 CL San Diego, CA SP IEEE AB There exist a large amount of research efforts that claim cross-layer design in multi-hop wireless networks. However, almost all of such works use the idea of cross-layering in some ad hoc manner, and different cross-layer designs generally do not work together. To this end, we argue that cross-layer design in such networks should follow some systematic approach, in order to provide a common ground for alternative comparison and integration. In this position paper, we identify two key components toward achieving this ultimate goal of systematic cross-layer design. First, a rigorous mathematical framework is needed to provide the unifying approach for cross-layering, and in this work we choose the well-recognized Generalized Network Utility Maximization (GNUM) approach. Second, with the components availed by the mathematical framework, a composable software "work-bench" is needed to "glue" the various components into some prototype alternatives for inspection. We will discuss how such composability may be achieved via our unique ontology-based modeling and simulation approach. C1 [Li, Jason H.; Peng, Wilbur; Levy, Renato] Intelligent Automat Inc, Rockville, MD USA. [Staikos, Aristides] US Army, CERDEC, Ft Monmouth, NJ USA. [Chiang, Mung] Princeton Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. RP Li, JH (reprint author), Intelligent Automat Inc, Rockville, MD USA. FU Army SBIR [W15P7T-08-C-A205] FX This research was funded under the Army SBIR program, contract number W15P7T-08-C-A205 NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2155-7578 BN 978-1-4244-2676-8 J9 IEEE MILIT COMMUN C PY 2008 BP 2387 EP + PG 2 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Engineering; Telecommunications GA BJK58 UT WOS:000266709301083 ER PT S AU Kant, L Manousakis, K McAuley, A Graff, C AF Kant, L. Manousakis, K. McAuley, A. Graff, C. GP IEEE TI Network Design Approaches and Tradeoffs in QoS Route Selection with Diverse Objectives and Constraints SO 2008 IEEE MILITARY COMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE: MILCOM 2008, VOLS 1-7 SE IEEE Military Communications Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Military Communications Conference (MILCOM 2008) CY NOV 16-19, 2008 CL San Diego, CA SP IEEE ID HIGH-SPEED NETWORKS; ALGORITHMS; QUALITY; COMMUNICATION; MULTICAST AB Future force networks such as FCS and WIN-T are anticipated to support a wide spectrum of applications with stringent and diverse Quality of Service (QoS) constraints. While many QoS control mechanisms are being designed, judicious multi-metric QoS route selection mechanisms are often put forth as a key means to help provide QoS assurances. QoS routing based on multiple metrics can potentially provide paths that simultaneously trade off multiple, diverse and conflicting performance requirements. This paper describes the incorporation of flexible and scalable QoS path selection heuristics into a Network Engineering Design Analytic Toolset (NEDAT). NEDAT is equipped with performance metrics for evaluating the tradeoffs and effectiveness of QoS routing subject to the characteristics of network environments of interest. Using NEDAT we show networks: a) where QoS routing is very beneficial and b) where benefits are so small that it in not worth the added computational and bandwidth costs. C1 [Kant, L.; Manousakis, K.; McAuley, A.] Telcordia Technol, 1 Telcordia Dr, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. [Graff, C.] US Army, CERDEC, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. RP Kant, L (reprint author), Telcordia Technol, 1 Telcordia Dr, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. EM lkant@research.telcordia.com; kyriakos@research.telcordia.com; mcauley@research.telcordia.com FU CERDEC [DAAD-19-01-C-0062] FX )The work in this paper was made possible from the funding of the Network Design Project from CERDEC under contract DAAD-19-01-C-0062, Task Order 12. NR 25 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2155-7578 BN 978-1-4244-2676-8 J9 IEEE MILIT COMMUN C PY 2008 BP 2474 EP + PG 2 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Engineering; Telecommunications GA BJK58 UT WOS:000266709301096 ER PT S AU Poe, R Shaw, R Zebrowitz, H Kline, W Heisey, W Loso, F Levy, Y AF Poe, Randy Shaw, Raymond Zebrowitz, Harris Kline, William Heisey, William Loso, Frank Levy, Yoram GP IEEE TI OPTIMAL SPECTRUM PLANNING AND MANAGEMENT WITH COALITION JOINT SPECTRUM MANAGEMENT PLANNING TOOL (CJSMPT) SO 2008 IEEE MILITARY COMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE: MILCOM 2008, VOLS 1-7 SE IEEE Military Communications Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Military Communications Conference (MILCOM 2008) CY NOV 16-19, 2008 CL San Diego, CA SP IEEE AB The Coalition Joint Spectrum Management Planning Tool (CJSMPT) has been designated as Spiral I of the Global Electromagnetic Spectrum Information System (GEMSIS) program, which is intended to provide next-generation capabilities for integrated spectrum operations across the entire Department of Defense, in addition to interoperability with federal, state, and local government spectrum agencies and coalition forces. This paper describes the use of CJSMPT in automating key spectrum management planning processes including Joint Task Force (JTF) requirements generation and spectrum interference mitigation. This paper will also review additional CJSMPT capabilities, its architecture, and the current development effort. C1 [Poe, Randy; Shaw, Raymond; Zebrowitz, Harris; Kline, William; Heisey, William] Lockheed Martin Adv Technol Labs, Cherry Hill, NJ USA. [Loso, Frank; Levy, Yoram] US Army Commun Elect Res, Dev & Engn Ctr, Fort Monmouth, NJ USA. RP Poe, R (reprint author), Lockheed Martin Adv Technol Labs, Cherry Hill, NJ USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2155-7578 BN 978-1-4244-2676-8 J9 IEEE MILIT COMMUN C PY 2008 BP 2671 EP + PG 2 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Engineering; Telecommunications GA BJK58 UT WOS:000266709301126 ER PT S AU Monteleone, M Paroline, R AF Monteleone, Michael Paroline, Richard GP IEEE TI DODAF ANALYSIS OF THE HIGH BANDWIDTH HIGH THROUGHPUT SATELLITE TERMINAL GOVERNMENT REFERENCE ARCHITECTURE SO 2008 IEEE MILITARY COMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE: MILCOM 2008, VOLS 1-7 SE IEEE Military Communications Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Military Communications Conference (MILCOM 2008) CY NOV 16-19, 2008 CL San Diego, CA SP IEEE AB The Army High Capacity Communications Capability (HC3) Project is leading the development of a Government Reference Architecture (GRA) for future Joint warfighter high bandwidth high throughput (HBHT) satellite communications (SATCOM) terminals in partnership with the Joint Services, industry, and government research centers. This paper shows how the DoD Architecture Framework (DoDAF) can be applied to the GRA development effort. C1 [Monteleone, Michael] USA, CERDEC, S&TCD, Ft Monmouth, NJ 20879 USA. [Paroline, Richard] Booz Allen & Hamilton Inc, Mclean, VA 22102 USA. RP Monteleone, M (reprint author), USA, CERDEC, S&TCD, Ft Monmouth, NJ 20879 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2155-7578 BN 978-1-4244-2676-8 J9 IEEE MILIT COMMUN C PY 2008 BP 2991 EP + PG 2 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Engineering; Telecommunications GA BJK58 UT WOS:000266709301174 ER PT S AU Yoakum-Stover, S Malyuta, T AF Yoakum-Stover, S. Malyuta, T. GP IEEE TI UNIFIED DATA INTEGRATION FOR SITUATION MANAGEMENT SO 2008 IEEE MILITARY COMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE: MILCOM 2008, VOLS 1-7 SE IEEE Military Communications Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Military Communications Conference (MILCOM 2008) CY NOV 16-19, 2008 CL San Diego, CA SP IEEE AB We propose a new solution for data integration and semantic enrichment in support of Situation Management (SIMA). Our solution applies to any modality (e.g. text, images, audio, signals etc) and embraces the diversity of data sources, types, and models, placing no restrictions on processes, applications, or users. It is database centric and proceeds in stages to address the unified storage of structured data and its semantic enrichment in a way that remains viable in an Ultra-Large Scale systems environment. The result is a layered data integration architecture that can accommodate any kind of data to coherently support the multiplicity of processing required for SIMA. C1 [Yoakum-Stover, S.] USA, CERDEC 12WD, Informat Exploitat Futures Lab, Washington, DC 20310 USA. [Malyuta, T.] New York City Coll Technol, Comp Syst Technol Dept, New York, NY 11201 USA. RP Yoakum-Stover, S (reprint author), USA, CERDEC 12WD, Informat Exploitat Futures Lab, Washington, DC 20310 USA. FU US Army CERDECI2WD [W15P7T-06-D-A401/009] FX The authors would like to thank the following US Army CERDEC I2WD personnel for their continued support: Mr. Anthony Lisuzzo, Director, Mr. Kesny Parent, DCGS-A Branch Chief, Ms. Virginia Goon IXFL Manager, and Mr. Norbert Antunes IXFL Computer Engineer. This work was funded by US Army CERDECI2WD under contract number W15P7T-06-D-A401/009. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2155-7578 BN 978-1-4244-2676-8 J9 IEEE MILIT COMMUN C PY 2008 BP 3189 EP + PG 2 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Engineering; Telecommunications GA BJK58 UT WOS:000266709302021 ER PT S AU Shi, M Laufer, A Bar-Ness, Y Su, W AF Shi, Miao Laufer, Amir Bar-Ness, Yeheskel Su, Wei GP IEEE TI Fourth Order Cumulants in Distinguishing Single Carrier from OFDM signals SO 2008 IEEE MILITARY COMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE: MILCOM 2008, VOLS 1-7 SE IEEE Military Communications Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Military Communications Conference (MILCOM 2008) CY NOV 16-19, 2008 CL San Diego, CA SP IEEE DE OFDM; modulation classification; cumulant AB In this paper, we propose to use the fourth order cumulants to distinguish OFDM from single carrier signals. We show analytically the value of C40(N) and C42(N) as a function of the number of subcarriers of the OFDM signal and its SNR. By taking these values as an estimate of these cumulants, we compare it to the estimate of different single carrier modulation signals including SC-BC as it was given in the literature [1]or by experiments we performed as for others. From these values we create thresholds detectors use either one cumulant or both depending on the assumed environments which include timing offset, phase rotation, frequency offset of the received signals, and pulse shaping. Last, we use Monte Carlo simulations under different scenarios to examine the probability of detecting OFDM from different single carrier signals. C1 [Shi, Miao; Laufer, Amir; Bar-Ness, Yeheskel] New Jersey Inst Technol, ECE Dept, Ctr Wireless Commun & Signal Proc Res, Newark, NJ 07102 USA. [Su, Wei] US Army, RDECOM CERDEC, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. RP Shi, M (reprint author), New Jersey Inst Technol, ECE Dept, Ctr Wireless Commun & Signal Proc Res, Newark, NJ 07102 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2155-7578 BN 978-1-4244-2676-8 J9 IEEE MILIT COMMUN C PY 2008 BP 3363 EP + PG 2 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Engineering; Telecommunications GA BJK58 UT WOS:000266709302047 ER PT S AU Geirhofer, S Tong, L Sadler, BM AF Geirhofer, Stefan Tong, Lang Sadler, Brian M. GP IEEE TI Interference-Aware OFDMA Resource Allocation: A Predictive Approach SO 2008 IEEE MILITARY COMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE: MILCOM 2008, VOLS 1-7 SE IEEE Military Communications Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Military Communications Conference (MILCOM 2008) CY NOV 16-19, 2008 CL San Diego, CA SP IEEE DE Cognitive Radio; Radio Resource Management; Standards Coexistence; Dynamic Spectrum Access ID POWER ALLOCATION; SUBCARRIER; SYSTEMS AB As wireless systems continue to proliferate, interference management is becoming a concern in both military and commercial domains. This paper introduces a novel cognitive coexistence framework between infrastructure and ad-hoc networks. Based on sensing and predicting the ad-hoc network's activity, the infrastructure system allocates power and transmission time such as to minimize its impact on the ad-hoc links. This leads to an interference-aware resource allocation. A rate-constraint ensures that the infrastructure system maintains a specified quality-of-service, despite adapting its transmission behavior to accommodate ad-hoc users. Based on an ON/OFF continuous-time Markov chain model, the optimal allocation of power and transmission time is formulated as a convex optimization problem. Closed-form solutions are derived as a function of Lagrange multipliers. An iterative algorithm with guaranteed convergence to the optimal solution is developed. Finally, our results are extended to an average-rate formulation. Numerical performance analysis illustrates that utilizing the superior flexibility of the infrastructure links can effectively mitigate interference. C1 [Geirhofer, Stefan; Tong, Lang] Cornell Univ, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Sadler, Brian M.] Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Geirhofer, S (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM sg355@comell.edu; lt35@comell.edu; bsadler@arl.army.mil FU U.S. Army Research Laboratory under the Collaborative Technology Alliance Program; [DAAD19-01-2-0011] FX This paper was prepared though collaborative participation in the Communications and Networks Consortium sponsored by the U.S. Army Research Laboratory under the Collaborative Technology Alliance Program, Cooperative Agreement DAAD19-01-2-0011. The U.S. Government is authorized to reproduce and distribute reprints for Government purposes notwithstanding any copyright notation thereon. NR 20 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2155-7578 BN 978-1-4244-2676-8 J9 IEEE MILIT COMMUN C PY 2008 BP 3492 EP + PG 2 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Engineering; Telecommunications GA BJK58 UT WOS:000266709302067 ER PT S AU Sahin, CS Urrea, E Uyar, MU Conner, M Hokelek, I Bertoli, G Pizzo, C AF Sahin, Cem Safak Urrea, Elkin Uyar, M. Uemit Conner, Michael Hokelek, Ibrahim Bertoli, Giorgio Pizzo, Christian GP IEEE TI UNIFORM DISTRIBUTION OF MOBILE AGENTS USING GENETIC ALGORITHMS FOR MILITARY APPLICATIONS IN MANETs SO 2008 IEEE MILITARY COMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE: MILCOM 2008, VOLS 1-7 SE IEEE Military Communications Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Military Communications Conference (MILCOM 2008) CY NOV 16-19, 2008 CL San Diego, CA SP IEEE DE Genetic Algorithms; Mobile Agents; MANET; Swarm Robotics AB There has been increased research interest in providing uniform distribution of autonomous mobile nodes controlled by active running software agents over an unknown geographical area in Mobile Ad-hoc networks (MANETs). This problem becomes more challenging under the harsh and bandwidth limited conditions imposed by military applications. In this framework, the software agent running at the application layer for each autonomous mobile node adjusts its direction and speed by using local information from its neighbors. A genetic algorithm (GA) is used by each node to select the 'fitter" speed and direction options among exponentially large number of choices converging towards a uniform distribution. For a military application example, consider that in the observed occurrence of a threat situation, if the number of autonomous mobile agents change with time (e.g., losing assets during an operation), the remaining agents should reposition themselves to compensate the lost in coverage and network connectivity We implemented simulation software to evaluate the effectiveness of GAs within these types of military applications. The results show that GAs can be applied to autonomous mobile nodes and are an effective tool for providing a robust solution for network area coverage under restrained communication conditions. C1 [Sahin, Cem Safak; Urrea, Elkin; Uyar, M. Uemit; Conner, Michael] CUNY City Coll, Dept Elect Engn, New York, NY 10031 USA. [Hokelek, Ibrahim] Telcordia Technol Inc, Appl Res Area, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. [Bertoli, Giorgio; Pizzo, Christian] US Army, Commun Elect RD&E Ctr, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. RP Sahin, CS (reprint author), CUNY City Coll, Dept Elect Engn, New York, NY 10031 USA. FU U.S. Army CommunicationsElectronics RDE Center; U.S. Government; Department of Defense; Department of the Army; U.S. Army Communications-Electronics RDE Center; National Science Foundation [ECS-0421159 and CNS-0619577.] FX This work has been supported by U.S. Army CommunicationsElectronics RD&E Center. The contents of this document represent the views of the authors and are not necessarily the official views of, or are endorsed by, the U.S. Government, Department of Defense, Department of the Army, or the U.S. Army Communications-Electronics RD&E Center.; This work has been partially supported by the National Science Foundation grants ECS-0421159 and CNS-0619577. NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2155-7578 BN 978-1-4244-2676-8 J9 IEEE MILIT COMMUN C PY 2008 BP 3648 EP + PG 3 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Engineering; Telecommunications GA BJK58 UT WOS:000266709302090 ER PT S AU Ivanic, N Rivera, B Gopaul, R Luu, B Gwyn, D Hardy, R Marcus, K Scott, L Tran, G Nguyen, B AF Ivanic, Natalie Rivera, Brian Gopaul, Richard Luu, Brian Gwyn, Douglas Hardy, Rommic Marcus, Kelvin Scott, Lisa Tran, George Nguyen, Binh GP IEEE TI A SCALABLE TESTBED FOR EMULATING WIRELESS MOBILE AD-HOC NETWORKS SO 2008 IEEE MILITARY COMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE: MILCOM 2008, VOLS 1-7 SE IEEE Military Communications Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Military Communications Conference (MILCOM 2008) CY NOV 16-19, 2008 CL San Diego, CA SP IEEE AB To support research in wireless mobile networks and mobile ad-hoc network security, the U.S. Army Research Laboratory (ARL) has developed a "Wireless Emulation Laboratory" (WEL). A key component of the WEL is a Mobile Ad-hoc Network (MANET) emulation testbed on which algorithms and applications can be subjected to emulated wireless network conditions. The testbed is based on the MANE (Mobile Ad-hoc Network Emulator) software originally developed by the Naval Research Laboratory (AWL). It has since been improved through the incorporation of advanced modeling methods and computing technologies. Important additional features include (1) the integration of the terrain integrated rough earth model (TIREM) propagation model, (2) the use of virtual machine technologies to scale the size of the network, and (3) the inclusion of custom-designed mobility patterns to create a specific dynamic topology of a MANET under test. Currently the WEL testbed can emulate a 101-node MANET and, through the use of virtualization technologies, will scale well beyond that number. This paper discusses the current capabilities of ARL's WEL for conducting empirical evaluation and demonstration of MANET technologies and concludes with planned future enhancements. C1 [Ivanic, Natalie; Rivera, Brian; Gopaul, Richard; Luu, Brian; Gwyn, Douglas; Hardy, Rommic; Marcus, Kelvin; Scott, Lisa; Tran, George; Nguyen, Binh] USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD USA. RP Ivanic, N (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD USA. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2155-7578 BN 978-1-4244-2676-8 J9 IEEE MILIT COMMUN C PY 2008 BP 3663 EP 3667 PG 5 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Engineering; Telecommunications GA BJK58 UT WOS:000266709302092 ER PT S AU Verma, DC Ko, BJ Swami, A AF Verma, Dinesh C. Ko, Bong Jun Swami, Ananthram GP IEEE TI Analyzing Finite MANETs by Transformations to Equivalent Static Graphs SO 2008 IEEE MILITARY COMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE: MILCOM 2008, VOLS 1-7 SE IEEE Military Communications Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Military Communications Conference (MILCOM 2008) CY NOV 16-19, 2008 CL San Diego, CA SP IEEE ID NETWORKS AB Because of their importance in military and other applications, Mobile Ad-Hoc Wireless Networks or MANETs have attracted significant attention in the research community. However, almost virtually all of the literature has focused on analyzing MANETs in an asymptotic case with a very large number of nodes under varying assumptions on node density and distribution. While the asymptotic analysis is extremely valuable, practical usage of MANETs requires us to be able to analyze networks of finite size. In this paper, we present an approach to analyze MANETs with a fixed number of nodes which can be used in many practical applications related to MANETs. Our approach is based on simplifying the motion paths of MANETs by applying a set of transformations, and decomposing the motion paths into a generalized Fourier series transformation of simpler periodic motions. C1 [Verma, Dinesh C.; Ko, Bong Jun] IBM T J Watson Res Ctr, Hawthorne, NY USA. [Swami, Ananthram] Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD USA. RP Verma, DC (reprint author), IBM T J Watson Res Ctr, Hawthorne, NY USA. FU US Army Research laboratory; UK Ministry of Defence [W911NF-06-3-0001] FX Research was sponsored by US Army Research laboratory and the UK Ministry of Defence and was accomplished under Agreement Number W911NF-06-3-0001. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2155-7578 BN 978-1-4244-2676-8 J9 IEEE MILIT COMMUN C PY 2008 BP 3682 EP + PG 2 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Engineering; Telecommunications GA BJK58 UT WOS:000266709302095 ER PT S AU Zhang, ZS Tang, D Hokelek, I Staikos, A Bowcock, J AF Zhang, Zhensheng Tang, David Hokelek, Ibrahim Staikos, Aristide Bowcock, Jeffery GP IEEE TI Performance of a Seamless Soft Handoff Protocol for Tactic Mobile Ad Hoc Networks SO 2008 IEEE MILITARY COMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE: MILCOM 2008, VOLS 1-7 SE IEEE Military Communications Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Military Communications Conference (MILCOM 2008) CY NOV 16-19, 2008 CL San Diego, CA SP IEEE AB In this paper, we present two loop free alternative path (LFAP) computation algorithms for the seamless soft handoff (SHO) architecture proposed in [5] and its performance for tactical wireless mobile ad hoc networks. The proposed handoff architecture consists of several key components such as LFAP computation module, link quality prediction module, and link monitoring module. The key idea of the seamless soft handoff protocol is to proactively switch to a pre-stored alternative path, based on the interactions among SHO modules, before a potential node/link failure occurs. The prediction module predicts the link quality in the near future and triggers an alarm if the link quality predicted would be below a certain threshold Based on the information from the monitoring module and the prediction module, each node makes a decision whether to switch to a pre-stored path, which is computed through the LFAP computation module. Results from simulation in OPNET show that the LFAP coverage of SHO increases considerably compared with several protocols proposed by the IETF IP Fast-Reroute (IPFRR) working group. The system throughput under SHO is also compared with that under OSPF Simulation results show that, for the scenarios considered, the system throughput under SHO remains the same while the throughput under OSPF dropped significantly during the period when a node or link fails (for example, due to mobility events). C1 [Zhang, Zhensheng; Tang, David] Argon ST, 6696 Mesa Ridge Rd, San Diego, CA 92121 USA. [Hokelek, Ibrahim] Telcordia Technol, Appl Res, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. [Staikos, Aristide; Bowcock, Jeffery] US Army, CERDEC, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. RP Zhang, ZS (reprint author), Argon ST, 6696 Mesa Ridge Rd, San Diego, CA 92121 USA. EM z.zhang@argonst.com; david.tang@argonst.com; ihokelek@research.telcordia.com; Aristides.Staikos@us.army.mil; Jeffrey.Bowcock@us.army.mil NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2155-7578 BN 978-1-4244-2676-8 J9 IEEE MILIT COMMUN C PY 2008 BP 3730 EP + PG 2 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Engineering; Telecommunications GA BJK58 UT WOS:000266709302102 ER PT S AU Perumal, S Baras, JS Graff, CJ Yee, DG AF Perumal, Senni Baras, John S. Graff, Charles J. Yee, David G. GP IEEE TI AERIAL PLATFORM PLACEMENT ALGORITHMS TO SATISFY CONNECTIVITY, CAPACITY AND SURVIVABILITY CONSTRAINTS IN WIRELESS AD-HOC NETWORKS SO 2008 IEEE MILITARY COMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE: MILCOM 2008, VOLS 1-7 SE IEEE Military Communications Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Military Communications Conference (MILCOM 2008) CY NOV 16-19, 2008 CL San Diego, CA SP IEEE AB In this paper we address the problem of establishing full connectivity and satisfying required traffic capacity between disconnected clusters in large wireless ad-hoc ground networks by placing a minimum number of advantaged high flying Aerial Platforms (APs) as relay nodes at appropriate places. We also extend the connectivity solution in order to make the network survivable to a single AP failure. The problem of providing both connectivity and required capacity between disconnected ground clusters is formulated as a summation-form clustering problem with inter-AP distance constraints that make the AP network full), connected and with complexity costs that take care of cluster to AP capacity constraints. The resultant clustering problem is solved using Deterministic Annealing to find (near) globally optimal solutions for the minimum number and locations of the APs to establish full connectivity and provide required traffic capacity between disconnected clusters. In order to make the network single AP survivable, the connectivity solution is extended so that each AP connects to atleast two neighboring APs and each ground cluster connects to atleast two APs. We establish the validity of our algorithms by comparing it with optimal exhaustive search algorithms and show that our algorithms are near-optimal for the problem of establishing connectivity between disconnected clusters. C1 [Perumal, Senni; Baras, John S.] AIMS Inc, 6213 Execut Blvd, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. [Graff, Charles J.; Yee, David G.] US Army, CERDEC S&TCD, AMSRDCER ST WL NS, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. RP Perumal, S (reprint author), AIMS Inc, 6213 Execut Blvd, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. EM senni.perumal@aims-sys.com; john.baras@aims-sys.com; Charles.Graff@us.army.mil; David.Yee2@us.army.mil FU SBIR Phase II [W15P7T-07-C-P613]; U.S. Army CECOM to AIMS, Inc. FX This work was supported by SBIR Phase II contract W15P7T-07-C-P613 from U.S. Army CECOM to AIMS, Inc. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2155-7578 BN 978-1-4244-2676-8 J9 IEEE MILIT COMMUN C PY 2008 BP 3751 EP + PG 2 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Engineering; Telecommunications GA BJK58 UT WOS:000266709302105 ER PT S AU McTasney, LCR Grunwald, D Sicker, D AF McTasney, Lieutenant Colonel Robert Grunwald, Dirk Sicker, Douglas GP IEEE TI Low-Latency Multichannel Cut-Through vs. CSMA/CA Wireless Mesh Networking SO 2008 IEEE MILITARY COMMUNICATIONS CONFERENCE: MILCOM 2008, VOLS 1-7 SE IEEE Military Communications Conference LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Military Communications Conference (MILCOM 2008) CY NOV 16-19, 2008 CL San Diego, CA SP IEEE AB Initial entry during deployment requires tactical networks supporting voice, video, and data requirements to be established quickly given little existing telecommunication infrastructure. Wireless mesh networks using contention-based medium access control (MAC) appear to be an easy off-the-shelf solution, but their performance is lacking for support of such diverse high-bandwidth low-latency requirements. In the 1990s, wired and optical network architects had to reconsider the inefficiencies of packet switching and consider long proven methods such as circuit-switching to reduce latency through traffic engineering to support such diverse traffic requirements. This resulted in the development of Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) and Multi-Protocol Label Switching (MPLS) technologies. Because both are mature and proven technologies for wired and optical network architectures, much research has been done to apply these methods to wireless mesh networks. But optimal performance improvement eludes wireless mesh network designers because of differences between the wired/optical and wireless environments in the provision of non-interfering unidirectional internodal links and lack of a wireless circuit switch. We propose a wireless mesh networking architecture that will provide low-latency and potentially higher throughput, based upon the availability of multiple orthogonal channels, wormhole switching supported by a physical layer circuit-switch, and a reservation protocol that will assign channels to provide non-interfering unidirectional internodal links through quality-of-service (QoS) routing, and scheduling. We will also present performance results based upon a simulation model of our proposed architecture to show how end-to-end latency is considerably reduced compared to 802.11-based wireless mesh networks. C1 [McTasney, Lieutenant Colonel Robert] US Mil Acad, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, West Point, NY 10996 USA. [Grunwald, Dirk; Sicker, Douglas] Univ Colorado, Dept Comp Sci, Boulder, CO USA. RP McTasney, LCR (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, West Point, NY 10996 USA. EM robert.mctasney@us.army.mil; dirk.grunwald@colorado.edu; douglas.sicker@colorado.edu NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2155-7578 BN 978-1-4244-2676-8 J9 IEEE MILIT COMMUN C PY 2008 BP 4117 EP + PG 2 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Engineering; Telecommunications GA BJK58 UT WOS:000266709302158 ER PT S AU Chung, DJ Polcawich, RG Judy, D Pulskamp, J Papapolymerou, J AF Chung, David J. Polcawich, Ronald G. Judy, Daniel Pulskamp, Jeffrey Papapolymerou, John GP IEEE TI A SP2T and a SP4T Switch using Low Loss Piezoelectric MEMS SO 2008 IEEE MTT-S INTERNATIONAL MICROWAVE SYMPOSIUM DIGEST, VOLS 1-4 SE IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2008 IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium Digest CY JUN 15-20, 2008 CL Atlanta, GA SP IEEE DE RF MEMS; microelectromechanical devices; piezoelectric; MEMS switches; PZT AB This paper presents Single Pole Double Throw (SP2T) and Single Pole Four Throw (SP4T) switches using piezoelectric micro-electro-mechanical (MEMS) switches measured from DC to 50 GHz. The overall performance of the switches shows better than 20 dB isolation up to 50 GHz when the MEMS switches are in the off or zero volt state. When the switches are actuated with 7 V, the SP2T shows less than 1.8 dB of insertion loss while the SP4T shows less than 2 dB of insertion loss, on average, up to 40 GHz In addition, an undercut in the device is introduced in the junction region of the switches to allow for increased power handling and the response shows negligible change compared to the original switch design. C1 [Chung, David J.; Papapolymerou, John] Georgia Inst Technol, Atlanta, GA 30308 USA. [Polcawich, Ronald G.; Judy, Daniel; Pulskamp, Jeffrey] US Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Chung, DJ (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, Atlanta, GA 30308 USA. FU Joel Martin and Brian Power of General Technical Services FX The authors wish to acknowledge the assistance and support of Joel Martin and Brian Power of General Technical Services and Richard Piekars from the ARL for their assistance with device fabrication. NR 8 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0149-645X BN 978-1-4244-1780-3 J9 IEEE MTT S INT MICR PY 2008 BP 21 EP + DI 10.1109/MWSYM.2008.4633093 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA BIT08 UT WOS:000262480000006 ER PT S AU Darwish, AM Bayba, AJ Hung, HA AF Darwish, Ali. M. Bayba, Andrew. J. Hung, H. Alfred GP IEEE TI Utilizing Infrared for Improved FET Channel Temperature Prediction SO 2008 IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium Digest, Vols 1-4 SE IEEE MTT-S INTERNATIONAL MICROWAVE SYMPOSIUM DIGEST LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2008 IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium Digest CY JUN 15-20, 2008 CL Atlanta, GA SP IEEE DE FET; Channel Temperature; Thermal Resistance; Gate Length; Reliability ID THERMAL-RESISTANCE; TRANSISTORS AB Measuring channel temperature in FETs (field effect transistors) is challenging due to the submicron dimensions of the gate fingers. Among the simplest techniques for temperature measurement is Infrared (IR) microscopy. However, IR is suffers from limited spatial resolution (>5-10 microns). This paper presents a model for the channel temperature prediction based on IR techniques by reversing the spatial averaging inherent in IR microscopy. C1 [Darwish, Ali. M.; Bayba, Andrew. J.; Hung, H. Alfred] USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Darwish, AM (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0149-645X BN 978-1-4244-1780-3 J9 IEEE MTT-S PY 2008 BP 853 EP 855 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Physics GA BIT08 UT WOS:000262480000214 ER PT B AU Palmer, WD AF Palmer, W. Devereux GP IEEE TI Architectures and components for multifunctional wireless systems SO 2008 IEEE RADIO AND WIRELESS SYMPOSIUM, VOLS 1 AND 2 SE IEEE Radio and Wireless Symposium LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Radio and Wireless Symposium CY JAN 22-24, 2008 CL Orlando, FL SP IEEE DE digital radio; multifunctional; radar; radio communication; reconfigurable architecture; transceivers; wireless AB A multifunctional wireless system is one that can receive and demodulate any electromagnetic signal from any direction, return a modulated signal in any specific direction, be reconfigurable to implement a variety of radio and sensor functions, and adapt to its local (ambient) environment to improve signal reception, reject interference, and compensate for multipath effects. This paper will present an overview of some programs pursuing development of the technology required to realize multifunctional wireless systems, discuss the advantages and challenges presented by these systems, and offer new concepts in components and system architectures that will enable the advantages and address the challenges. C1 USA, Res Off, AMSRD ARL RO EL Palmer, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Palmer, WD (reprint author), USA, Res Off, AMSRD ARL RO EL Palmer, POB 12211, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RI Palmer, William/E-2296-2012 NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-1462-8 J9 IEEE RADIO WIRELESS PY 2008 BP 141 EP 142 DI 10.1109/RWS.2008.4463448 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BHU48 UT WOS:000256458600036 ER PT S AU Prakasam, PK Kulkarni, M Chen, X Hoyos, S Sadler, BM AF Prakasam, P. Kotte Kulkarni, M. Chen, X. Hoyos, S. Sadler, B. M. GP IEEE TI Emerging technologies in software defined receivers SO 2008 IEEE RADIO AND WIRELESS SYMPOSIUM, VOLS 1 AND 2 SE IEEE Radio and Wireless Symposium LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Radio and Wireless Symposium CY JAN 22-24, 2008 CL Orlando, FL SP IEEE DE Transform domain (TD) receiver; Frequency domain (FD) receiver; Software defined radio; charge sampling; multi-Standard receiver AB Transform Domain (TD) sampling is presented as an inexpensive and feasible solution for software defined receivers that operate on a very wide frequency spectrum. TD receivers expand the received signal over a basis set, and then operate on the basis coefficients. An analog computation of the basis coefficients efficiently parallelizes the signal for digital processing, relaxing the sampling requirements and enabling parallel digital processing at a much lower rate. Frequency Domain (FD) sampling, as a special case of transform-domain sampling, has been proposed to parallelize the sampling process in wideband receivers. The proposed receiver makes use of a windowed integrator to perform charge sampling, which provides inherent anti-aliasing. More complex decimation filters with stronger attenuation of the unwanted channels are easily obtained from the simple integrator and can be exploited in designing a multi-standard receiver. The flexibility and scalability of TD receivers allow for the design of software radios that can operate on a large range of narrowband and wideband communications standards. A "dreamed software-defined-radio" TD receiver design example is provided which is capable of processing GSM, Bluetooth, IEEE802.11b/g, WiMax and UWB in a single reconfigurable frontend. C1 [Prakasam, P. Kotte; Kulkarni, M.; Chen, X.; Hoyos, S.] Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Sadler, B. M.] Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD USA. RP Prakasam, PK (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. NR 8 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 2164-2958 BN 978-1-4244-1462-8 J9 IEEE RADIO WIRELESS PY 2008 BP 719 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BHU48 UT WOS:000256458600181 ER PT B AU Preuss, M Thomas, S AF Preuss, Martin Thomas, Shery GP IEEE TI Wireless, mesh & Ad Hoc Networks military convoy location and situation awareness SO 2008 IEEE SARNOFF SYMPOSIUM SE IEEE Sarnoff Symposium LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Sarnoff Symposium CY APR 28-30, 2008 CL Princeton, NJ SP IEEE DE communications; vehicular ad-hoc networks; military convoys; situation awareness AB Vehicular Ad-Hoc Networks have become an emergent research topic as Vehicle-to-Vehicle Communications (V2V) offer some unique advantages. These advantages include a slow/stopped vehicle advisor capability (which advises the driver when any vehicle ahead is stopped or traveling slower than 20 mph), an emergency electronic brake light (which notifies the driver when a vehicle ahead is suddenly braking hard), a lane change and blind spot advisor, an intersection collision warning, and a forward collision avoidance capability with automatic braking. The intent is to use these emergent commercial applications for the military and to improve the communication between military vehicles in various tactical situations. This paper adds to this area of study with some new practical findings pertaining to vehicular networks, specifically convoy communications and unmanned vehicle control. Besides considering of principles and rules of military convoys, experiments and simulations with military scenarios are necessary to improve vehicular networking for the military use. Global Positioning Systems (GPS) tracing has become a key point in this field as we look at GPS traces and their effects on throughput improvement and reliability on vehicular communications. These issues were analyzed through experiments using the ORBIT testbed. C1 [Preuss, Martin; Thomas, Shery] USA, CERDEC, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. RP Preuss, M (reprint author), USA, CERDEC, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. EM martin.preuss@us.army.mil; shery.thomas@us.army.mil NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-1843-5 J9 IEEE SARNOFF SYMPOS PY 2008 BP 72 EP 76 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BIC39 UT WOS:000258372300015 ER PT S AU Sadler, BM Liu, N Xu, ZY AF Sadler, Brian M. Liu, Ning Xu, Zhengyuan GP IEEE TI ZIV-ZAKAI BOUND ON TIME DELAY ESTIMATION IN UNKNOWN CONVOLUTIVE RANDOM CHANNELS SO 2008 IEEE SENSOR ARRAY AND MULTICHANNEL SIGNAL PROCESSING WORKSHOP SE Proceedings of the IEEE Sensor Array and Multichannel Signal Processing Workshop LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Sensor Array and Multichannel Signal Processing Workshop CY JUL 21-23, 2008 CL Darmstadt, GERMANY SP IEEE ID SIGNAL PARAMETER-ESTIMATION AB Using the Ziv-Zakai bound (ZZB) methodology, we develop a Bayesian (MSE) bound on time delay estimation (TDE) in a wideband convolutive random channel. The channel is modeled as a tapped delay line, whose taps are Gaussian random variables that may be non-zero mean and correlated. The derivation does not assume channel knowledge at the receiver, and so realistically takes into account the effects of the unknown channel when estimating time delay. ne channel model can represent wideband and ultra-wideband, as well as line of sight and non-line of sight cases, through selection of model parameters. The bound development involves the minimum probability of decision error under a hypothesis test, and we show this can he equivalently formulated as a probability of detection error for binary pulse position modulation (PPM) signals. An expression for the error probability, and thus the ZZB on TDE, is derived using a moment generating function approach. Effects of system design and channel distribution parameters are studied through the ZZB. C1 [Sadler, Brian M.] Army Res Lab, CI NT, AMSRD ARL, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. [Liu, Ning; Xu, Zhengyuan] Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Elect Engn, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. RP Sadler, BM (reprint author), Army Res Lab, CI NT, AMSRD ARL, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM bsadler@arl.army.mil; dxu@ee.ucr.edu FU Army Research Laboratory CTA on Communications and Networks [DAAD19-01-2-0011] FX This work was supported in part by the Army Research Laboratory CTA on Communications and Networks under grant DAAD19-01-2-0011. NR 13 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1551-2282 BN 978-1-4244-2240-1 J9 PR IEEE SEN ARRAY PY 2008 BP 390 EP + DI 10.1109/SAM.2008.4606897 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote Sensing; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Remote Sensing; Telecommunications GA BIL64 UT WOS:000260566500087 ER PT S AU Kozick, RJ Sadler, BM AF Kozick, Richard J. Sadler, Brian M. GP IEEE TI ALGORITHMS FOR TRACKING WITH AN ARRAY OF MAGNETIC SENSORS SO 2008 IEEE SENSOR ARRAY AND MULTICHANNEL SIGNAL PROCESSING WORKSHOP SE Proceedings of the IEEE Sensor Array and Multichannel Signal Processing Workshop LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Sensor Array and Multichannel Signal Processing Workshop CY JUL 21-23, 2008 CL Darmstadt, GERMANY SP IEEE AB We consider the problem of tracking a magnetic target as it travels in a straight-line path in the vicinity of N magnetic sensors. The target is modeled as a magnetic dipole, and we study tracking algorithms when the sensors are total-field (scalar) magnetometers and vector magnetometers. A novel, computationally-efficient vector-field algorithm is presented that jointly processes the data from N sensors, yielding estimates of the track and the target dipole moment vector. Simulation examples are included to illustrate the performance of the total-field and vector algorithms. C1 [Kozick, Richard J.] Bucknell Univ, Lewisburg, PA 17837 USA. [Sadler, Brian M.] Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Kozick, RJ (reprint author), Bucknell Univ, Lewisburg, PA 17837 USA. EM kozick@bucknell.edu; bsadler@arl.army.mil NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1551-2282 BN 978-1-4244-2240-1 J9 PR IEEE SEN ARRAY PY 2008 BP 424 EP + PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote Sensing; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Remote Sensing; Telecommunications GA BIL64 UT WOS:000260566500094 ER PT B AU Griffin, ST Jacobs, EL Murrill, SR AF Griffin, Steven T. Jacobs, Eddie L. Murrill, Steve R. GP IEEE TI Compressive sensing applied to Homeland Security SO 2008 IEEE SENSORS APPLICATIONS SYMPOSIUM LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 3rd IEEE Sensors Applications Symposium CY FEB 12-14, 2008 CL Atlanta, GA SP IEEE AB Sensing applications in Homeland Security have increasingly emphasized the use of high frequency RF such as the millimeter and terahertz bands. These sensors implement both imaging and spectroscopic systems. Currently envisioned applications have run into practical limitations regarding the implementation of classic sensor configurations such as standard focal plane arrays or spectrometers. Compressive sensing offers an alternative architecture for remote, distributed and networked sensors that may significantly alleviate the current limitations on Homeland Security applications. This paper considers the measurement matrix and reconstruction algorithms appropriate to this application. Data for spectroscopic and imaging applications is presented. C1 [Griffin, Steven T.; Jacobs, Eddie L.] Dept Elect & Comp Engn, ES-206 Engr Sci Bldg, Memphis, TN 38152 USA. [Murrill, Steve R.] Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD USA. RP Griffin, ST (reprint author), Dept Elect & Comp Engn, ES-206 Engr Sci Bldg, Memphis, TN 38152 USA. FU Army Research Laboratory [W911NF-05-2-0019] FX The authors would like to thank K. Kelly and R.G. Baraniuk at Rice University for their suggestions, T. Johnson and K. Dennin at the Redstone Technical Test Center for supporting information, S. Chari at The University of Memphis for supporting images, and W. D. Lannom of Homeland Security for various insights. Posthumous thanks to J.C. Williams for the spectroscopic data. The authors would like to acknowledge the Army Research Laboratory for support of this work through contract # W911NF-05-2-0019. NR 21 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-1962-3 PY 2008 BP 178 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA BHU06 UT WOS:000256382600036 ER PT S AU Chandrahalim, H Bhave, SA Polcawich, RG Pulskamp, JS Judy, D Kaul, R Dubey, M AF Chandrahalim, Hengky Bhave, Sunil A. Polcawich, Ronald G. Pulskamp, Jeff S. Judy, Daniel Kaul, Roger Dubey, Madan GP IEEE TI Fully-Differential Mechanically-coupled PZT-on-Silicon Filters SO 2008 IEEE ULTRASONICS SYMPOSIUM, VOLS 1-4 AND APPENDIX SE Ultrasonics Symposium LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Ultrasonics Symposium CY NOV 02-05, 2008 CL Beijing, PEOPLES R CHINA SP IEEE DE RF MEMS; differential; filter; PZT; piezoelectric transduction; voltage tuning ID BULK ACOUSTIC RESONATORS AB This paper reports on the design of a 2-pole differential MEMS filter using mechanically-coupled overtone width-extensional resonators. The resonators and filters are fabricated in the 10 mu m thick device layer of a SOI wafer and transduced by a 0.5 mu m PZT (lead zirconate titanate) thin film deposited on the top surface of the wafer. A 206.3 MHz overtone width-extensional filter is demonstrated with 653 kHz bandwidth, -25 dB insertion loss (IL) and -62 dB stop-band rejection in air. Uncompensated temperature coefficient of frequency (TCF) of -16 ppm/degrees C and third-order input intercept point (IIP3) of +52.5 dBm are demonstrated by the filter. The piezoelectric response of the filter is controlled by varying the electric field across the PZT transducer. A 20 dB improvement in IL and 0.22% center frequency tuning resulted by applying 20 V DC tuning voltage. C1 [Chandrahalim, Hengky; Bhave, Sunil A.] Cornell Univ, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. [Polcawich, Ronald G.; Pulskamp, Jeff S.; Judy, Daniel; Kaul, Roger; Dubey, Madan] US Army, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD USA. RP Chandrahalim, H (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RI Chandrahalim, Hengky/F-1475-2016 OI Chandrahalim, Hengky/0000-0003-1930-1359 FU Brian Power of General Technical Services; ARL FX The authors wish to acknowledge the assistance and support of Joel Martin and Brian Power of General Technical Services and Richard Piekarz from the ARL for their hard work with device fabrication. NR 14 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1051-0117 BN 978-1-4244-2428-3 J9 ULTRASON PY 2008 BP 713 EP + DI 10.1109/ULTSYM.2008.0170 PG 2 WC Acoustics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Acoustics; Engineering; Physics; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA BKP07 UT WOS:000268845800170 ER PT B AU Bergamaschi, F Conway-Jones, D Gibson, C Stanford-Clark, A Verma, D Calo, S Cirincione, G Pham, T AF Bergamaschi, Flavio Conway-Jones, Dave Gibson, Christopher Stanford-Clark, Andy Verma, Dinesh Calo, Seraphin Cirincione, Greg Pham, Tiem GP IEEE TI Policy enabled ITA Sensor Fabric a distributed framework for the validation of experimental algorithms using real and simulated sensors SO 2008 IEEE WORKSHOP ON POLICIES FOR DISTRIBUTED SYSTEMS AND NETWORKS, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE International Workshop on Policies for Distributed Systems and Networks CY JUN 02-04, 2008 CL Palisades, NY SP IEEE, IEEE Comp Soc AB Research into the retrieval and dissemination of mission-specific information across sensor networks is leading to the development of many novel new algorithms and the definition of new paradigms for configuring and enforcing communication flow policies amongst the various components. Testing the relative merits of such algorithms and policies, and exploring interoperability issues between them, is difficult unless they share a common test and validation framework. The wide variety of algorithms being developed (including ontological, mission scripting, resource allocation, network routing, data fusion algorithms, and policies) presents unique challenges to the development of such a framework and its subsequent instrumentation to provide experimental results. This work demonstrates a prototype of such framework (or "Fabric'), built on top of commercial off-the-shelf (COTS) components, used in a real-world sensor network deployment to experiment with the deployment of algorithms and gathering of live sensor data. C1 [Bergamaschi, Flavio; Conway-Jones, Dave; Gibson, Christopher; Stanford-Clark, Andy] IBM United Kingdom Ltd, Portsmouth PO6 3AU, Hants, England. [Verma, Dinesh; Calo, Seraphin] IBM Corp, Armonk, NY 10504 USA. [Cirincione, Greg; Pham, Tiem] Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Bergamaschi, F (reprint author), IBM United Kingdom Ltd, Portsmouth PO6 3AU, Hants, England. EM flavio@uk.ibm.com; davecj@uk.ibm.com; gibsoncr@uk.ibm.com; andysc@uk.ibm.com; deverma@us.ibm.com; scalo@us.ibm.com; cirincione@arl.army.mil; tiem.pham1@arl.army.mil FU U.S. Army Research Laboratory; U.K. Ministry of Defence [W911NF-06-3-0001] FX This research was sponsored by the U.S. Army Research Laboratory and the U.K. Ministry of Defence and was accomplished under Agreement Number W911NF-06-3-0001. The views and conclusions contained in this document are those of the author(s) and should not be interpreted as representing the official policies, either expressed or implied, of the U.S. Army Research Laboratory, the U.S. Government, the U.K. Ministry of Defence or the U.K. Government. The U.S. and U.K. Governments are authorized to reproduce and distribute reprints for Government purposes notwithstanding any copyright notation hereon. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE COMPUTER SOC PI LOS ALAMITOS PA 10662 LOS VAQUEROS CIRCLE, PO BOX 3014, LOS ALAMITOS, CA 90720-1264 USA BN 978-0-7695-3133-5 PY 2008 BP 241 EP + DI 10.1109/POLICY.2008.50 PG 2 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Theory & Methods SC Computer Science GA BHZ04 UT WOS:000257541200040 ER PT B AU Tran, P Letowski, T McBride, M AF Tran, Phuong Letowski, Tornasz McBride, Maranda BE Wan, WG Luo, FL Yu, XQ TI Bone conduction microphone: Head sensitivity mapping for speech intelligibility and sound quality SO 2008 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON AUDIO, LANGUAGE AND IMAGE PROCESSING, VOLS 1 AND 2, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Audio, Language and Image Processing CY JUL 07-09, 2008 CL Shanghai, PEOPLES R CHINA SP IEEE Shanghai Sect, IEEE Xian Sect, IET Shangai Sect, Shanghai Univ, Tsinghua Univ, Fudan Univ, Shanghai Emedded Syst & Software Alliance AB The goal of the study was to assess intelligibility and quality of speech recorded through a bone conduction microphone (BCM located at various points on the talker's head. Ten words spoken by a female and a mate talker in a quiet environment were recorded. through a BCM placed at eight different locations on the talker's head. The sound levels of the recorded signals were normalized and the signals were presented to 33 listeners through a pair of AKG K240DF headphones. In two separate listening sessions, the participants were asked to evaluate the speech intelligibility and sound quality of each word. A total of 640 signals were presented to each listener during each session (2 talkers x 10 words x 8 locations x 4 repetitions). The results of the study indicated that BCM placement on the forehead and temple of the talker resulted both in the highest intelligibility and quality of the recorded speech with rating scores significantly higher than thosefor all other locations. C1 [Tran, Phuong; Letowski, Tornasz] USA, Human Res & Engn Directorate, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. RP Tran, P (reprint author), USA, Human Res & Engn Directorate, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. NR 10 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-1723-0 PY 2008 BP 107 EP 111 DI 10.1109/ICALIP.2008.4590150 PG 5 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Computer Science; Engineering; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA BIB51 UT WOS:000258176100021 ER PT B AU Khatri, H Ranney, K Tom, K del Rosario, R AF Khatri, Hiralal Ranney, Kenneth Tom, Kwok del Rosario, Romeo GP IEEE TI New Features for Diagnosis and Prognosis of Systems Based on Empirical Mode Decomposition SO 2008 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON PROGNOSTICS AND HEALTH MANAGEMENT (PHM) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Prognostics and Health Management CY OCT 06-09, 2008 CL Denver, CO SP IEEE DE diagnosis; empirical mode decomposition; features; prognosis AB We present a new procedure to generate additional features for system diagnosis. The procedure is based on empirical mode decomposition of measured signals obtained by monitoring the relevant state of a system. This procedure is different from the conventional procedures for defining features, which are generally obtained using the statistics of the measured signal, the matched filter outputs, and the wavelet decomposition of measured signals. Features derived by this new procedure complement the existing features for diagnosis, and therefore they should improve performance of the classifier used to diagnose systems. We illustrate the procedure by generating new features for diagnosis of the AH64A helicopter transmission assembly. C1 [Khatri, Hiralal; Ranney, Kenneth; Tom, Kwok; del Rosario, Romeo] USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Khatri, H (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM hkhatri@arl.army.mil NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-1935-7 PY 2008 BP 305 EP 331 PG 27 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Operations Research & Management Science SC Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science GA BJK74 UT WOS:000266719200039 ER PT B AU Zajic, AG Stuber, GL Pratt, TG Nguyen, S AF Zajic, Alenka G. Stuber, Gordon L. Pratt, Thomas G. Nguyen, Son GP IEEE TI Statistical Modelling and Experimental Verification for Wideband MIMO Mobile-to-mobile Channels in Urban Environments SO 2008 INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON TELECOMMUNICATIONS, VOLS 1 AND 2 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Telecommunications CY JUN 16-19, 2008 CL St Petersburg, RUSSIA ID POWER AB A three-dimensional reference model for wideband multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) mobile-to-mobile (M-to-M) channels is reviewed. To validate the reference model, an experimental MIMO M-to-M channel-sounding campaign was conducted for M-to-M vehicular communication with vehicles travelling along surface streets of a metropolitan area. The measured data is processed and the first- and second-order channel statistics obtained from the reference model and from the empirical measurements are compared. The close agreement between the analytically and empirically obtained channel statistics confirms the utility of the proposed reference model. C1 [Zajic, Alenka G.; Stuber, Gordon L.] Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Pratt, Thomas G.] Georgia Tech Res Inst, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. [Nguyen, Son] army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Zajic, AG (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. FU U.S. Army Research Laboratory [DAAD19-01-2-0011] FX Prepared through collaborative participation in the Collaborative Technology Alliance for Communications & Networks sponsored by the U.S. Army Research Laboratory under Cooperative Agreement DAAD19-01-2-0011. The U.S. Government is authorized to reproduce and distribute reprints for Government purposes notwithstanding any copyright notation thereon NR 21 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-2035-3 PY 2008 BP 111 EP + PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BIS45 UT WOS:000262437800019 ER PT B AU Torrieri, D Bijukchhe, N Mukherjee, A Kwon, HM AF Torrieri, Don Bijukchhe, Neelu Mukherjee, Amitav Kwon, Hyuck M. GP IEEE TI Iterative EM channel estimation for turbo-coded DS-CDMA receiver under time-varying interference SO 2008 INTERNATIONAL ITG WORKSHOP ON SMART ANTENNAS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International ITG Workshop on Smart Antennas CY FEB 23-27, 2008 CL Darmstadt, GERMANY SP ITG AB This paper proposes a scheme of iteratively obtaining an estimate of channel coefficients and noise power spectral density (PSD) using expectation maximization (EM) for turbo-coded code-division multiple access receivers. The EM channel estimation is tested under two scenarios - time-varying interference environment with pilot symbol-aided modulation, and a single-user environment without any pilot symbols. For the time-varying interference scenario, the initial estimate of channel coefficient and the noise PSI) are obtained from pilots and further estimations are refined using turbo decoder soft outputs. In contrast, pilot symbols are eliminated for the single-user iterative receiver with initial - estimation performed from the received code symbols, followed by the iterative updates using the feedback from the turbo decoder as before. The refined channel coefficients and noise PSD are iteratively passed to the turbo decoder resulting in improved decoding results for both time-varying interference and single-user scenarios. C1 [Torrieri, Don] Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. [Bijukchhe, Neelu; Mukherjee, Amitav; Kwon, Hyuck M.] Wichita State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Wichita, KS 67260 USA. RP Torrieri, D (reprint author), Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM dtorr@arl.army.mill; nxbijukchhe@wichita.edu; axmukherjee@wichita.edu; hyuck.kwon@wichita.edu RI Mukherjee, Amitav/A-7336-2009 NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-1756-8 PY 2008 BP 174 EP + DI 10.1109/WSA.2008.4475555 PG 2 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA BHT69 UT WOS:000256294800027 ER PT B AU Hulitt, E Vaughn, RB AF Hulitt, Elaine Vaughn, Rayford B., Jr. BE Ganzha, M Paprzycki, M PelechPilichowski, T TI Information System Security Compliance to FISMA Standard: A Quantitative Measure SO 2008 INTERNATIONAL MULTICONFERENCE ON COMPUTER SCIENCE AND INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY (IMCSIT), VOLS 1 AND 2 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Multiconference on Computer Science and Information Technology CY OCT 20-22, 2008 CL Wisla, POLAND AB To ensure that safeguards are implemented to protect against a majority of known threats, industry leaders are requiring information processing systems to comply with security standards. The National Institute of Standards and Technology Federal Information Risk Management FrameworK (RMF) and the associated suite of guidance documents describe the minimum security requirements (controls) for non-national-security federal information systems mandated by the Federal Information Security Management Act (FISMA), enacted into law on December 17, 2002, as Title III of the E-Government Act of 2002. The subjective compliance assessment approach described in the RMF guidance, though thorough and repeatable, lacks the clarity of a standard quantitative metric to describe for an information system the level of compliance with the FISMA-required standard. Given subjective RMF assessment data, this article suggests the use of Pathfinder networks to generate a quantitative metric suitable to measure, manage, and track the status of information system compliance with FISMA. C1 [Hulitt, Elaine] US Army, Engn Res & Dev Ctr, CEERD IS, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. [Vaughn, Rayford B., Jr.] Mississippi State Univ, Ctr Comp Secur Res, Dept Comp Sci & Engn, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. RP Hulitt, E (reprint author), US Army, Engn Res & Dev Ctr, CEERD IS, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. EM Elaine.Hulitt@usace.army.mil; Vaughn@cse.msstate.edu NR 24 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-8-36-8-1014-9 PY 2008 BP 744 EP + PG 3 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BKP15 UT WOS:000268848500116 ER PT B AU Perlman, BS AF Perlman, Barry S. GP IEEE TI EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES FOR MODERN COMMUNICATIONS AND RADAR SYSTEMS SO 2008 MIKON CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS, VOLS 1 AND 2 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT MIKON Conference 2008 CY MAY 19-21, 2008 CL Wroclaw, POLAND C1 USA, Commun Elect RD&E Ctr, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. RP Perlman, BS (reprint author), USA, Commun Elect RD&E Ctr, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-3122-9 PY 2008 BP 346 EP 348 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Physics; Telecommunications GA BIR09 UT WOS:000262103200080 ER PT B AU Antonides, JR Benjamin, DN Feldpausch, DP Salem, JS AF Antonides, James R. Benjamin, Donald N. Feldpausch, Daniel P. Salem, Jeffrey S. GP IEEE TI Streamlining the US Army network incident reporting system SO 2008 SYSTEMS AND INFORMATION ENGINEERING DESIGN SYMPOSIUM LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Systems and Information Engineering Design Symposium CY APR 25, 2008 CL Charlottesville, VA SP IEEE Syst, Man & Cybernet Soc AB Every day unauthorized users from around the world probe and infiltrate the Army Data Network. In response to this growing threat, the Army implemented a system of Computer Emergency Response Teams (CERTs) to address network security concerns. Located in six secure facilities around the world, Regional Computer Emergency Response Teams (RCERTs) protect the hundreds of thousands of computers on the Army network from malicious attacks. The RCERTs are responsible for reporting their findings, in a format called an 'incident report', to the Army CERT (ACERT), where they collect and organize them into a database for further analysis. While highly effective, a problem exists in that each of the six regional CERTs reports its findings in a different manner, creating an inefficient system requiring weekly maintenance. In search of a solution for these issues, the Army asked four cadets from the United States Military Academy to analyze the problem as their senior capstone project. The team of cadets used West Point's Systems Decision Process (SDP) to define the problem, create alternatives, and implement what the decision maker referred to as "phases of the operation." A diagram of the SDP can be found in Appendix A. As a result of this project, the recommended solution will streamline the incident reporting process by standardizing not only the incoming data, but also the reporting medium and time frame that each CERT was using. The implementation of the solution should have a positive impact upon the global Army Computer network and national security. C1 [Antonides, James R.; Benjamin, Donald N.; Feldpausch, Daniel P.; Salem, Jeffrey S.] US Mil Acad, West Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Antonides, JR (reprint author), US Mil Acad, West Point, NY 10996 USA. EM james.antonides@usma.edu; donald.berjamin@usma.edu; daniel.feldpausch@usma.edu; jeffrey.salem@usma.edu NR 1 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-2365-1 PY 2008 BP 17 EP 21 DI 10.1109/SIEDS.2008.4559678 PG 5 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Telecommunications GA BIG55 UT WOS:000259358400004 ER PT B AU Hull, A Landeg, R Snook, K Vaughn, K McCarthy, DJ AF Hull, Austin Landeg, Robert Snook, Kyle Vaughn, Kendrick McCarthy, Daniel J. GP IEEE TI Developing innovative strategies for defending military forward operating bases SO 2008 SYSTEMS AND INFORMATION ENGINEERING DESIGN SYMPOSIUM LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Systems and Information Engineering Design Symposium CY APR 25, 2008 CL Charlottesville, VA SP IEEE Syst, Man & Cybernet Soc AB The goal of this research project is to assist in the development of innovative strategies and technologies to defend United States Army forward operating bases (FOBs) from terrorist threats. Our nation's current war on terrorism has proven that a technologically superior force does not always have the upper hand. Innovation, change and the ability to stay one step ahead of your opponent have all proven to be essential in the type of conflict our nation is currently facing. The goal of this project is to aid in the design of defense strategies and technologies that will prevent, defeat and/or minimize the effects of an enemy attack against a FOB using unmanned and potentially autonomous systems. In order to logically approach this problem our group is applying the Systems Decision Process (SDP), a process originated by the Department of Systems Engineering, United States Military Academy at West Point, NY. Based on stakeholder analysis and research, a set of alternative defense strategies was developed specifying the means by which each required function of FOB defense would be accomplished. Using value focused thinking a single defense strategy was selected that held the most promise. This defense strategy is then simulated to assess its effectiveness against various enemy attack plans. Results from this analysis will be used to inform the development of new technologies by the Army in support of FOB defense. C1 [Hull, Austin; Landeg, Robert; Snook, Kyle; Vaughn, Kendrick; McCarthy, Daniel J.] US Mil Acad, West Point, NY 10997 USA. RP Hull, A (reprint author), US Mil Acad, West Point, NY 10997 USA. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-2365-1 PY 2008 BP 135 EP 140 PG 6 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Telecommunications GA BIG55 UT WOS:000259358400025 ER PT B AU Okolo, S Peeler, C Rooney, AJ Yun, J Korycinski, D AF Okolo, Sierra Peeler, Colin Rooney, A. J. Yun, James Korycinski, Donna GP IEEE TI Deployed Warrior Medical Management Center: A Lean Six Sigma approach SO 2008 SYSTEMS AND INFORMATION ENGINEERING DESIGN SYMPOSIUM LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Systems and Information Engineering Design Symposium CY APR 25, 2008 CL Charlottesville, VA SP IEEE Syst, Man & Cybernet Soc AB With the advent of the Global War on Terror, a large portion of the United States military is now deployed to Iraq and Afghanistan. When soldiers are wounded in these theaters, they are transported to the Landstuhl Regional Medical Center in Germany. Upon arrival, the Deployed Warrior Medical Management Center (DWMMC) ensures that patients receive treatment and are quickly returned to duty or to the US for further medical care. The DWMMC was created in response to the increase in casualties and is still evolving. Although the process has been refined over time, there are still improvements that can be made in the in-processing of patients. By increasing the efficiency and accuracy of in-processing patients, the DWMMC will ensure that patients are treated sooner and therefore reach their follow-on destination sooner. Applying Lean Six Sigma techniques to the DWMMC in-processing system will lead to a more efficient operation with less waste. Specifically, inefficiencies in communication and redundant work are evident. Refining this process will result in more efficient treatment of soldiers, which will ultimately benefit the US Military. C1 [Okolo, Sierra; Peeler, Colin; Rooney, A. J.; Yun, James; Korycinski, Donna] USMA, West Point, NY USA. RP Okolo, S (reprint author), USMA, West Point, NY USA. EM James.Yun@USMA.ED; Donna.Korycinski@usma.edu FU United States Military Academy (USMA) Department of Systems Engineering (DSE); Undersecretary of the Army for Business Transformation; Landstuhl Regional Medical Center; West Point Lean Six Sigma office FX This work was supported in part by United States Military Academy (USMA) Department of Systems Engineering (DSE), Undersecretary of the Army for Business Transformation, Landstuhl Regional Medical Center, and the West Point Lean Six Sigma office. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-2365-1 PY 2008 BP 152 EP + DI 10.1109/SIEDS.2008.4559702 PG 2 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Telecommunications GA BIG55 UT WOS:000259358400028 ER PT B AU Munn, EB Newell, DJ Satterwhite, KB Williams, JD AF Munn, Eric B. Newell, Daniel J. Satterwhite, Kenton B. Williams, Justin D. GP IEEE TI Weaponization of lightweight UAS for support of military operations SO 2008 SYSTEMS AND INFORMATION ENGINEERING DESIGN SYMPOSIUM LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Systems and Information Engineering Design Symposium CY APR 25, 2008 CL Charlottesville, VA SP IEEE Syst, Man & Cybernet Soc AB Given the increasing complexity of modern warfare, the U.S. Army will need to continue to develop and employ new weapon systems in order to maintain U.S. superiority over its current and future enemies. Mission success in the three dimensional battlefleld will be achieved by the commander who has the ability to gather quick, accurate, and detailed intelligence, communicate and synchronize with surrounding units, and when necessary, provide a rapid and effective response In order to achieve these results, the military has recently begun using Unmanned Aircraft Systems, or UASs, for a wide variety of combat support and combat missions. Currently however, the majority of lightweight UASs are used solely for surveillance and reconnaissance. Offering unit commanders the ability to observe areas without endangering their soldiers has become an invaluable asset to lower level commanders, yet the need for UASs to perform more functions than simply reconnaissance has arisen. In modern warfare, such as Iraq and Afghanistan, where the enemy is hidden among the population and snipers and improvised explosive devices are their primary method of fighting, new tactics are needed. As a result, our capstone research team will develop weaponized lightweight UASs concepts and optimize performance solutions for application In the current Global War on Terror. Additionally, the Aviation and Missile Research, Development, and Engineering Center, AMRDEC, has proposed to develop a lightweight UAS with weapon capability as well. Therefore, the work done by this capstone group will ultimately leverage and inform the work done by AMRDEC and their contractors. In order to complete this project, we used the Systems Decision Process (SDP): an iterative problem solving process comprised of four phases - Problem Definition, Solution Design, Decision Making, and Solution Implementation that focuses on decision-maker and stakeholder value. Finally, modeling and simulation was performed to assess the feasibility and performance of our candidate solutions. Results of the evaluation of candidate solutions will be presented. C1 [Munn, Eric B.; Newell, Daniel J.; Satterwhite, Kenton B.; Williams, Justin D.] US Mil Acad, West Point, NY 10997 USA. RP Munn, EB (reprint author), US Mil Acad, West Point, NY 10997 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-2365-1 PY 2008 BP 237 EP 242 DI 10.1109/SIEDS.2008.4559718 PG 6 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Telecommunications GA BIG55 UT WOS:000259358400044 ER PT B AU Feliciano, MM Hurst, KB Klein, NA Warner, SS Crino, ST AF Feliciano, Mario M. Hurst, Kyle B. Klein, Nathan A. Warner, Steven S. Crino, Scott T. GP IEEE TI Feasibility study of the XM307 automatic grenade launching system SO 2008 SYSTEMS AND INFORMATION ENGINEERING DESIGN SYMPOSIUM LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT IEEE Systems and Information Engineering Design Symposium CY APR 25, 2008 CL Charlottesville, VA SP IEEE Syst, Man & Cybernet Soc AB The Army's MK-19 weapon system is an automatic grenade launcher capable of destroying thin-skinned vehicles and dismounted targets at ranges up to 2200 meters. Since its first use in the 1960s, the MK-19 has remained largely unchanged while technology has improved. Though the Army still relies on the MK-19 to fulfill the requirement for an automatic grenade launcher, modern alternatives do exist. In particular, the XM-307 allows for the use of a fire control system and air bursting munitions while remaining light enough for soldiers to employ in a dismounted manner. This research will determine if an alternative weapon provides a significant improvement in lethality over the MK-19 in realistic combat situations. Joint Combat and Tactical Simulation (JCATS) software tests each weapon against a variety of enemies in terrain similar to current operating environments. The results of these tests - along with the weapon's mobility, user interface, and logistics footprint - are analyzed, weighted, and scored through the use of the Systems Decision Process (SDP) developed by the U.S. Military Academy's Department of Systems Engineering. Ultimately, this report provides a recommendation to the Army's Program Manager of Advanced Crew Served Weapons on which weapon provides the greatest value to our troops in theater. C1 [Feliciano, Mario M.; Hurst, Kyle B.; Klein, Nathan A.; Warner, Steven S.; Crino, Scott T.] US Mil Acad, West Point, NY 10997 USA. RP Feliciano, MM (reprint author), US Mil Acad, West Point, NY 10997 USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-2365-1 PY 2008 BP 311 EP 316 DI 10.1109/SIEDS.2008.4559731 PG 6 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Telecommunications SC Computer Science; Telecommunications GA BIG55 UT WOS:000259358400057 ER PT B AU Ahner, DK Alt, JK Baez, F Jackson, J Sanchez, SM Seitz, T AF Ahner, Darryl K. Alt, Jonathon K. Baez, Francisco Jackson, John Sanchez, Susan M. Seitz, Thorsten GP IEEE TI INCORPORATING INFORMATION NETWORKS INTO MILITARY SIMULATIONS SO 2008 WINTER SIMULATION CONFERENCE, VOLS 1-5 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2008 Winter Simulation Conference CY DEC 07-10, 2008 CL Miami, FL SP Amer Stat Assoc, ACM SIGSIM, IEEE Syst, Man & Cybernet Soc, Inst Ind Engineers, INFORMS, Simulat Soc, NIST, Soc Modeling & Simulat Int AB Information superiority is considered a critical capability for future joint forces. As advances in technology continue to boost our ability to communicate in new and different ways, military forces are restructuring to incorporate these technologies. Yet we are still limited in our ability to measure the contributions made by information networks. We describe three recent studies at the Naval Postgraduate School that involve information networks. First, we examine a simulation model expanded from a two-person, zero-sum game to explore how information superiority contributes to battlefield results and how sensitive it is to information quality. Second, we examine how network-enabled communications affect the logistics operations in a centralized receiving and shipping point. The results are intended to provide operational insights for terminal node operations within a sustainment base. Third, we explore how social networks might be incorporated into agent-based models representing civilian populations in stability operations. C1 [Ahner, Darryl K.] US Mil Acad, Dept Math Sci, West Point, NY 10996 USA. [Alt, Jonathon K.; Baez, Francisco] US Army TRADOC, Anal Ctr, Monterey, CA 93943 USA. [Jackson, John] US Joint Forces Command J9, Joint Concept Dev & Experimentat Div, Suffolk, VA 23435 USA. [Sanchez, Susan M.; Seitz, Thorsten] Naval Postgrad Sch, Operat Res Dept, Monterey, CA 9394 USA. RP Ahner, DK (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Math Sci, West Point, NY 10996 USA. EM darryl.ahner@usma.edu; jkalt@nps.edu; frbaezto@nps.edu; jacksonj3@hotmail.com; ssanchez@nps.edu; seitzthorsten@aol.com FU TRAC-MTRY FX This work was partially supported by TRAC-MTRY NR 19 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-2707-9 PY 2008 BP 133 EP + DI 10.1109/WSC.2008.4736063 PG 3 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering; Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BNG32 UT WOS:000274496200014 ER PT B AU Kewley, R Cook, J Goerger, N Henderson, D Teague, E AF Kewley, Robert Cook, James Goerger, Niki Henderson, Dale Teague, Edward GP IEEE TI FEDERATED SIMULATIONS FOR SYSTEMS OF SYSTEMS INTEGRATION SO 2008 WINTER SIMULATION CONFERENCE, VOLS 1-5 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2008 Winter Simulation Conference CY DEC 07-10, 2008 CL Miami, FL SP Amer Stat Assoc, ACM SIGSIM, IEEE Syst, Man & Cybernet Soc, Inst Ind Engineers, INFORMS, Simulat Soc, NIST, Soc Modeling & Simulat Int AB Systems of systems integration is a difficult engineering challenge that places a particular burden on the engineers who must develop simulation models to support that integration. Developing a large scale stand-alone model to support systems integration is a time-consuming process that is often not possible. An alternative approach is to leverage existing models in a federation. This type of work requires a specialized set of engineering skills. The United States Military Academy Department of Systems Engineering SysHub research program is better defining these skills and applying them to different problem domains. This paper highlights how capabilities for information exchange, environmental representation, entity representation, model development, and data collection support the federation development process. C1 [Kewley, Robert; Cook, James; Goerger, Niki; Henderson, Dale; Teague, Edward] US Mil Acad, Dept Syst Engn, West Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Kewley, R (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Syst Engn, West Point, NY 10996 USA. EM Robert.Kewley@usma.edu NR 15 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-2707-9 PY 2008 BP 1121 EP 1129 DI 10.1109/WSC.2008.4736181 PG 9 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering; Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BNG32 UT WOS:000274496200132 ER PT B AU Hurst, K Klein, N Feliciano, M Warner, S Crino, S AF Hurst, Kyle Klein, Nathan Feliciano, Mario Warner, Steven Crino, Scott GP IEEE TI FEASIBILITY STUDY FOR REPLACING THE MK19 AUTOMATIC GRENADE LAUNCHING SYSTEM SO 2008 WINTER SIMULATION CONFERENCE, VOLS 1-5 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2008 Winter Simulation Conference CY DEC 07-10, 2008 CL Miami, FL SP Amer Stat Assoc, ACM SIGSIM, IEEE Syst, Man & Cybernet Soc, Inst Ind Engineers, INFORMS, Simulat Soc, NIST, Soc Modeling & Simulat Int AB The Army's MK-19 weapon system is an automatic grenade launcher capable of destroying thin-skinned vehicles and dismounted targets at ranges up to 2200 meters. Since its first use in the 1960s, the MK-19 has remained largely unchanged while technology has improved. This research will determine if an alternative weapon system provides a significant improvement in lethality over the MK-19. The Joint Combat and Tactical Simulation (JCATS)is used to test weapon variants against a variety of enemies in terrain similar to current operating environments. The results of these tests - along with the weapon's mobility, user interface, and logistics footprint - are analyzed, weighted, and scored through the use of the Systems Decision Process (SDP) developed by the U.S. Military Academy's Department of Systems Engineering. Ultimately, this report provides a recommendation to the Army's Program Manager of Advanced Crew Served Weapons on which weapon provides the greatest value to our troops in theater. C1 [Hurst, Kyle; Klein, Nathan; Feliciano, Mario; Warner, Steven; Crino, Scott] US Mil Acad, Dept Syst Engn, West Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Hurst, K (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Syst Engn, Mahan Hall,Bldg 752, West Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-2707-9 PY 2008 BP 1179 EP 1185 DI 10.1109/WSC.2008.4736188 PG 7 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering; Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BNG32 UT WOS:000274496200139 ER PT B AU Portante, EC Taxon, TN Kavicky, JA Abdallah, T Perkins, TK AF Portante, Edgar C. Taxon, Thomas N. Kavicky, James A. Abdallah, Tarek Perkins, Timothy K. GP IEEE TI LINEAR MODELING AND SIMULATION OF LOW-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC SYSTEM FOR SINGLE-POINT VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENT OF MILITARY INSTALLATION SO 2008 WINTER SIMULATION CONFERENCE, VOLS 1-5 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2008 Winter Simulation Conference CY DEC 07-10, 2008 CL Miami, FL SP Amer Stat Assoc, ACM SIGSIM, IEEE Syst, Man & Cybernet Soc, Inst Ind Engineers, INFORMS, Simulat Soc, NIST, Soc Modeling & Simulat Int AB This paper describes the formulation and development of a linear model to support the single-point vulnerability assessment of electric distribution systems at existing and future U.S. Department of Defense (DoD) military sites. The model uses flow sensitivity factors to rank candidates for designation as "critical components" and uses triggered cascading line outages to confirm the component's criticality. The model is written in Java and integrated in a package that employs a user-friendly graphical user inter-face (GUI) for convenient display of results. This paper describes the process used to formulate the model and presents a sample application. C1 [Portante, Edgar C.; Taxon, Thomas N.; Kavicky, James A.] Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. [Abdallah, Tarek; Perkins, Timothy K.] US Army Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Construct Engn Res Lab, Champaign, IL 61826 USA. RP Portante, EC (reprint author), Argonne Natl Lab, 9700 S Cass Ave, Argonne, IL 60439 USA. EM ecportante@anl.gov; tntaxon@anl.gov; Kavicky@anl.gov; t-abdallah@cecer.army.mil; timothy.k.perkins@us.army.mil FU U.S. Army Corps of Engineers' ERDC FX The authors wish to acknowledge the contributions of the following organizations: Argonnes Infrastructure Assurance Center and Modeling, Simulation, and Visualization Group for providing technical and logistical support and the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers ERDC for providing the data and funds for the project. NR 5 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-2707-9 PY 2008 BP 1207 EP + DI 10.1109/WSC.2008.4736192 PG 2 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering; Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BNG32 UT WOS:000274496200143 ER PT B AU Tolk, A Litwin, TG Kewley, RH AF Tolk, Andreas Litwin, Thomas G. Kewley, Robert H. GP IEEE TI A SYSTEMS ENGINEERING PROCESS SUPPORTING THE DEVELOPMENT OF OPERATIONAL REQUIREMENTS DRIVEN FEDERATIONS SO 2008 WINTER SIMULATION CONFERENCE, VOLS 1-5 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 2008 Winter Simulation Conference CY DEC 07-10, 2008 CL Miami, FL SP Amer Stat Assoc, ACM SIGSIM, IEEE Syst, Man & Cybernet Soc, Inst Ind Engineers, INFORMS, Simulat Soc, NIST, Soc Modeling & Simulat Int AB This paper proposes a systems engineering process utilizing the conceptual artifacts of the Model Driven Architecture (MDA) describing platform independent views of models to capture operational requirements, to derive essential tasks, and to combine these tasks into scenarios and vignettes with attributed metrics. This model-independent mission description is then used to identify supporting simulation services that implement the identified military means and capabilities to perforin the tasks in the given context. Once the services are identified, the necessary simulation middleware to federate the services is identified and the interfaces are configured using the technical artifacts of the MDA describing platform specific views of systems. This systems engineering process provided support for simulation development for the US Army's Program Executive Office - Soldier. C1 [Tolk, Andreas; Litwin, Thomas G.] Old Dominion Univ, Engn Mgt & Syst Engn, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. [Kewley, Robert H.] US Mil Acad, Dept Syst Engn, West Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Tolk, A (reprint author), Old Dominion Univ, Engn Mgt & Syst Engn, Norfolk, VA 23529 USA. EM atolk@odu.edu; tlitw001@odu.edu; Robert.Kewley@usma.edu FU Army's Program Executive Office (PEO) Soldier; US Joint Forces Command (JFCOM); Army Test and Evaluation Command (ATEC) FX The underlying research was funded by the Armys Program Executive Office (PEO) Soldier. Additional research was supported by US Joint Forces Command (JFCOM) and the Army Test and Evaluation Command (ATEC). NR 10 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-2707-9 PY 2008 BP 1296 EP + DI 10.1109/WSC.2008.4736202 PG 3 WC Computer Science, Software Engineering; Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA BNG32 UT WOS:000274496200153 ER PT B AU Nedungadi, A Pozolo, M Mimnagh, M AF Nedungadi, Ashok Pozolo, Mike Mimnagh, Mike GP IEEE TI A GENERAL PURPOSE VEHICLE POWERTRAIN MODELING AND SIMULATION SOFTWARE - VPSET SO 2008 WORLD AUTOMATION CONGRESS PROCEEDINGS, VOLS 1-3 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT World Automation Congress 2008 CY SEP 28-OCT 02, 2008-2009 CL Waikoloa, HI DE Vehicle powertrain; modeling and simulation; hybrid vehicles; hybrid powertrains AB VPSET (Vehicle Powertrain Systems Evaluation Tool) is vehicle modeling and simulation software to analyze performance and fuel economy of conventional and hybrid powertrains. VPSET has a Graphical User Interface (GUI) to guide the user during building a vehicle model. This paper discusses VPSET, its organization, structure, vehicle templates and presents validation results for select vehicles. C1 [Nedungadi, Ashok] SwRI, San Antonio, TX 78238 USA. [Pozolo, Mike] US ARMY, TARDEC, Warren, MI USA. [Mimnagh, Mike] NSWC, Dahlgren, VA USA. RP Nedungadi, A (reprint author), SwRI, San Antonio, TX 78238 USA. EM Anedungadi@swri.edu FU TARDEC; Office of Naval Research (ONR); SwRI FX The cooperation and funding from TARDEC and the Office of Naval Research (ONR) are gratefully acknowledged. The internal research program at SwRI and key staff members are recognized for its initial funding and guidance towards development of the M&S tool described in this paper. NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-8893-3538-4 PY 2008 BP 381 EP + PG 2 WC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Computer Science, Cybernetics; Engineering, Biomedical; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Robotics SC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science; Engineering; Robotics GA BKS47 UT WOS:000269081500064 ER PT B AU Mains, S AF Mains, Steven BE Armistead, L TI Organizing the United States government for the contemporary environment SO 3RD INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON INFORMATION WARFARE AND SECURITY, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Conference on Information Warfare and Security CY APR 24-25, 2008 CL Univ Nebraska, Peter Kiewit Inst, Omaha, NE HO Univ Nebraska, Peter Kiewit Inst DE information warfare; organization; interagency cooperation; whole-of-government approach; strategic communications; national Security Council; information operations AB The United States has ceded the informational aspects of the Global War on Terror through lack of a campaign plan and lack of organization to execute it. As a result our enemies are free to foster the perception of a dichotomy between the policies and ideals of the United States government to the detriment of the United States and its allies as well as their efforts to free people around the world. This paper outlines a plan for a strategic-level information campaign and proposes an interagency approach to support it led by a Deputy to the National Security Advisor for Strategic Communications and a Strategic Communications Task Force. The Deputy for Strategic Communications will incorporate Strategic Communications considerations into policy formulation at the highest level. As lead for a Strategic Communications Task Force made up of Undersecretary-level representatives from State, Defense, Education, Homeland Security, and US Agency for International Development (among others), he would be responsible for integration of Strategic Communications into policy execution. As communications with people is becoming much more important than communications with governments, Public Diplomacy will be strengthened through increased personnel and better training. A Corporation for Public Diplomacy will be established to conduct Public Diplomacy beyond Embassy efforts. A Public Diplomacy Institute will study Public Diplomacy methods and train practitioners. The US Information Agency will be revitalized and expanded to leverage all media including print, terrestrial and satellite television, radio and the Internet. A law similar to the 1986 Goldwater-Nichols act will make Public Diplomacy experience and training a requirement for advancement in the State and other Departments to senior supervisory positions. Public Affairs efforts will be expanded to make the government and its actions more transparent to the public of the United States and its allies. Public Diplomacy and Public Affairs practitioners will be assigned to all Department of Defense Combatant Commands and USAID missions. All Departments in the Government will be responsible to integrate information operations into all operations including military to military operations and training, counter-drug and law enforcement operations. C1 [Mains, Steven] US Combined Arms Ctr, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC CONFERENCES LTD PI NR READING PA CURTIS FARM, KIDMORE END, NR READING, RG4 9AY, ENGLAND BN 978-1-906638-00-9 PY 2008 BP 269 EP 276 PG 8 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Communication; Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Information Science & Library Science; Social Issues SC Computer Science; Communication; Information Science & Library Science; Social Issues GA BHT86 UT WOS:000256343000031 ER PT B AU Peck, L AF Peck, Lindamae BE Sanson, LD Fliegel, K TI COUNTERING AMBIGUITY IN EXTERIOR INTRUSION DETECTION SO 42ND ANNUAL 2008 IEEE INTERNATIONAL CARNAHAN CONFERENCE ON SECURITY TECHNOLOGY, PROCEEDINGS LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 42nd Annual IEEE International Carnahan Conference on Security Technology CY OCT 13-16, 2008 CL Prague, CZECH REPUBLIC SP IEEE Lexington Sect, IEEE Aerosp & Elect Syst Soc, Czech Tech Univ, Chung Shan Inst Sci, IEEE Ottawa Sect, Natl Cent Univ DE Intrusion detection; Sensors; Dempster-Shafer Theory; Alarm interpretation; Probability of detection; Nuisance alarm; Weather; Terrain AB Reliance on sensors for exterior intrusion detection is inherently uncertain because neither the occurrence nor the absence of an alarm has a unique cause. Does "alarm" status indicate that an intruder has been detected, or that current site conditions have satisfied the sensor's alarm criteria, resulting in a nuisance alarm? Does "no alarm" mean no intruder is present or non-detection of an intruder? The consequence is ambiguity in interpreting the alarm status of an intrusion detection system. Two formulations, consistent with Dempster-Shafer theory, are presented that assist the security operator in distinguishing detections from nuisance alarms each time an alarm occurs, and distinguishing no activity from non-detection in the absence of any alarm. The first representation fuses multiple values of probability of detection or nuisance alarm likelihood, while retaining the dependence on factors (e.g., weather, terrain, intruder activity) that influence detection capability and nuisance alarm occurrence. The second representation associates a level of belief for an alarm occurrence being a detection, a nuisance alarm, or a false alarm, or for the absence of an alarm indicating no intruder present versus non-detection of an intruder. C1 USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Engn Res & Dev Ctr, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Peck, L (reprint author), USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Engn Res & Dev Ctr, 72 Lyme Rd, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. EM Lindamae.Peck@usace.army.mil NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA BN 978-1-4244-1816-9 PY 2008 BP 89 EP 93 PG 5 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Computer Science, Theory & Methods; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering; Computer Science GA BIZ74 UT WOS:000264043000016 ER PT S AU Castanon, DA Ahner, DK AF Castanon, David A. Ahner, Darryl K. GP IEEE TI Team Task Allocation and Routing in Risky Environments under Human Guidance SO 47TH IEEE CONFERENCE ON DECISION AND CONTROL, 2008 (CDC 2008) SE IEEE Conference on Decision and Control LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 47th IEEE Conference on Decision and Control CY DEC 09-11, 2008 CL IEEE Control Syst Soc (CSS), Cancun, MEXICO SP IEEE, Soc Ind & Appl Math (SIAM), Inst Operat Res & Management Sci (INFORMS), Japanese Soc Instrument & Control Engn (SICE), European Union Control Assoc (EUCA), Taylor & Francis Grp, StatoilHydro HO IEEE Control Syst Soc (CSS) AB In this paper we design coordination policies for unmanned vehicles that select and perform tasks in uncertain environments where vehicles may fail. We develop algorithms that accept different levels of human guidance, from simple allocation of priorities through the use of task values to more complex task partitioning and load balancing techniques. The goal is to maximize expected value completed under human guidance. We develop alternative algorithms based on approximate dynamic programming versions appropriate for each level of guidance, and compare the resulting performance using simulation results. C1 [Castanon, David A.] Boston Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Ahner, Darryl K.] United States Mil Acad, Dept Math Sci, West Point, NY USA. RP Castanon, DA (reprint author), Boston Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Boston, MA 02215 USA. EM dac@bu.edu; darryl.ahner@usma.edu FU AFOSR [FA9550-07-1-0361]; ODDRE MURI [FA9550-07-1-0528] FX This work was supported by AFOSR under grant FA9550-07-1-0361 and by ODDR&E MURI Grant FA9550-07-1-0528 NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 0743-1546 BN 978-1-4244-3124-3 J9 IEEE DECIS CONTR P PY 2008 BP 1139 EP 1144 DI 10.1109/CDC.2008.4739148 PG 6 WC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Automation & Control Systems; Computer Science; Engineering GA BBL77 UT WOS:000307311601044 ER PT S AU Park, J Chen, ZH Kiliaris, L Murphey, YL Kuang, M Philipps, A Masrur, MA AF Park, Jungme Chen, ZhiHang Kiliaris, Leonadis Murphey, Yi L. Kuang, Ming Philipps, Anthony Masrur, M. A. GP IEEE TI Intelligent Vehicle Power Control based on Prediction of Road Type and Traffic Congestions SO 68TH IEEE VEHICULAR TECHNOLOGY CONFERENCE, FALL 2008 SE IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 68th IEEE Vehicular Technology Conference CY SEP 21-24, 2008 CL Calgary, CANADA SP IEEE DE vehicle power control; intelligent controllers AB This paper presents a machine learning approach to the efficient vehicle power management and an intelligent power controller (IPC) that applies the learnt knowledge about the optimal power control parameters specific to specific road types and traffic congestion levels to online vehicle power control. The IPC uses a neural network for online prediction of roadway types and traffic congestion levels. The IPC and the prediction model have been implemented in a conventional (non-hybrid) vehicle model for online vehicle power control in a simulation program. The benefits of the IPC combined with the predicted drive cycle are demonstrated through simulation. Experiment results show that the IPC gives close to optimal performances. C1 [Park, Jungme; Chen, ZhiHang; Kiliaris, Leonadis; Murphey, Yi L.] Univ Michigan, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Dearborn, MI 48128 USA. [Kuang, Ming; Philipps, Anthony] Ford Motor Co, Berlin, Germany. [Masrur, M. A.] US Army RDECOM, TARDEC, Washington, DC USA. RP Park, J (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Dearborn, MI 48128 USA. EM yilu@umich.edu FU 21st Jobs Fund; State of Michigan FX This work is supported in part by a grant from the 21st Jobs Fund, State of Michigan. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU IEEE PI NEW YORK PA 345 E 47TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10017 USA SN 1550-2252 BN 978-1-4244-1722-3; 978-1-4244-1721-6 J9 IEEE VTS VEH TECHNOL PY 2008 BP 1179 EP 1183 PG 5 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Surgery; Transportation Science & Technology SC Computer Science; Engineering; Surgery; Transportation GA BUB36 UT WOS:000288717900238 ER PT J AU Han, JH Graff, RA Welch, B Marsh, CP Franks, R Strano, MS AF Han, Jae-Hee Graff, Rachel A. Welch, Bob Marsh, Charles P. Franks, Ryan Strano, Michael S. TI A mechanochemical model of growth termination in vertical carbon nanotube forests SO ACS NANO LA English DT Article DE carbon nanotube; vertical film; vertical forest; growth termination mechanism; mechanical coupling; spatial correlation; covalently tethering ID CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; KINETICS; ARRAYS; CATALYST; STACKS; ROPES AB Understanding the mechanisms by which vertical arrays of carbon nanotube (CNT) forests terminate their growth may lead to the production of aligned materials of infinite length. We confirm through calculation of the Thiele modulus that several prominent systems reported in the literature to date are not stunted by diffusion limitations. Evidence also suggests that, for many systems, the growth-termination mechanism is spatially correlated among nanotubes, making spontaneous, random catalytic poisoning unlikely as a dominant mechanism. We propose that a mechanical coupling of the top surface of the film creates an energetic barrier to the relative displacement between neighboring nanotubes. A Monte Carlo simulation based on this premise is able to qualitatively reproduce characteristic deflections of the top surface of single- and doubled-walled CNT (SWNT and DWNT) films near the edges and corners. The analysis asserts that the coupling is limited by the enthalpy of the carbon-forming reaction. We show that for patterned domains, the resulting top surface of the pillars is approximately conic with hyperbolic cross sections that allow for empirical calculation of a threshold force (F-max = 34 -51 nN for SWNTs, 25-27 nN for DWNTs) and elastic constant (k, 384-547 N/m for SWNTs and 157-167 N/m for DWNTs) from the images of experimentally synthesized films. Despite differences in nanotube type and precursor chemistry, the values appear consistent supporting the validity of the model. The possible origin of the mechanical coupling is discussed. C1 [Han, Jae-Hee; Graff, Rachel A.; Strano, Michael S.] MIT, Dept Chem Engn, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. [Welch, Bob] USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Informat Technol Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. [Marsh, Charles P.; Franks, Ryan] USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Construct Engn Res Lab, Champaign, IL 61822 USA. RP Strano, MS (reprint author), MIT, Dept Chem Engn, 77 Massachusetts Ave,Bldg 66-153, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. EM strano@mit.edu RI Zhou, Charlie/N-5376-2015 NR 38 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 2 U2 19 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1936-0851 EI 1936-086X J9 ACS NANO JI ACS Nano PD JAN PY 2008 VL 2 IS 1 BP 53 EP 60 DI 10.1021/nn700200c PG 8 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA 253KA UT WOS:000252515900008 PM 19206547 ER PT J AU Chandler, MQ Horstemeyer, MF Baskes, MI Gullett, PM Wagner, GJ Jelinek, B AF Chandler, Mel. Q. Horstemeyer, M. F. Baskes, M. I. Gullett, P. M. Wagner, G. J. Jelinek, B. TI Hydrogen effects on nanovoid nucleation in face-centered cubic single-crystals SO ACTA MATERIALIA LA English DT Article DE hydrogen; nanovoid; Monte Carlo; molecular dynamics ID STAINLESS-STEEL; FRACTURE PROCESSES; VOID NUCLEATION; LATTICE-DEFECTS; LENGTH SCALE; DEFORMATION; CRACKING; GROWTH; NICKEL; EMBRITTLEMENT AB Monte Carlo (MC) and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations using embedded atom method (EAM) potentials were performed to study nanovoid nucleation in single-crystal nickel specimens in a hydrogen-precharged and a hydrogen dynamically-charged condition. In the hydrogen-precharged condition, MC simulations were performed to introduce hydrogen atoms in an unstressed specimen. MD simulations were then performed to study nanovoid nucleation and the associated plasticity. In the dynamically-charged condition, a novel coupled MD-MC process was used to introduce hydrogen into the specimen while the specimen was being strained until nanovoid nucleation occurred. The simulation results revealed that hydrogen only reduced the nanovoid nucleation stress in the precharged case slightly but caused a lower strain-hardening and a significant reduction in the nanovoid nucleation stress in the dynamically-charged case. (c) 2007 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 [Chandler, Mel. Q.] USA, Eng Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS USA. [Horstemeyer, M. F.] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Baskes, M. I.] Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. [Gullett, P. M.] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Civil Engn, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. [Wagner, G. J.] Sandia Natl Labs, Livermore, CA USA. [Jelinek, B.] Mississippi State Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Mississippi State, MS 39762 USA. RP Chandler, MQ (reprint author), USA, Eng Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS USA. EM Mei.Q.Chandler@erdc.usace.army.mil RI Jelinek, Bohumir/C-4376-2008; Wagner, Gregory/I-4377-2015; OI Jelinek, Bohumir/0000-0002-2622-4235; Horstemeyer, Mark/0000-0003-4230-0063 NR 39 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 2 U2 15 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1359-6454 J9 ACTA MATER JI Acta Mater. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 56 IS 1 BP 95 EP 104 DI 10.1016/j.actamat.2007.09.012 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 244DW UT WOS:000251847200012 ER PT J AU Loharungsikul, S Troye-Blomberg, M Amoudruz, P Pichyangkul, S Yongvanitchit, K Looareesuwan, S Mahakunkijcharoen, Y Sarntivijai, S Khusmith, S AF Loharungsikul, Somying Troye-Blomberg, Marita Amoudruz, Petra Pichyangkul, Sathit Yongvanitchit, Kosol Looareesuwan, Sornchai Mahakunkijcharoen, Yuvadee Sarntivijai, Suphannee Khusmith, Srisin TI Expression of Toll-like receptors on antigen presenting cells in patients with falciparum malaria SO ACTA TROPICA LA English DT Article DE Toll-like receptors (TLRs); antigen-presenting cells (APCs); malaria ID NECROSIS-FACTOR-ALPHA; PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM; DENDRITIC CELLS; PIGMENT HEMOZOIN; SERUM-LEVELS; GLYCOSYLPHOSPHATIDYLINOSITOL; MONOCYTES; CYTOKINES; RESPONSES; PARASITES AB The continuous release of blood-stage malaria parasites and their products can activate components of the innate immune system and induce the production of proinflammatory cytokines. Toll-like receptors (TLRs) have emerged as pattern-recognition receptors, residing on/in innate immune cells whose function is recognizing specific conserved components on different microbes. The aim of this study was to determine the expression of TLR2, TLR4 and TLR9 on antigen-presenting cells (APCs) in patients with mild and severe forms of falciparum malaria. Healthy individuals were used as controls. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were stained with specific monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) to investigate the percentage and the level of TLR expression by flow cytometry. Patients with severe and mild malaria showed increased surface expression of TLR2 and TLR4 on CD14(+) monocytes and myeloid dendritic cells (MDCs) and decreased intracellular expression of TLR9 on plasmacytoid dendritic cells (PDCs), compared to those of healthy controls. A significant decrease in the percentage of circulating CD14(+) monocytes and MDCs expressing TLR2 was found in both severe and mild malaria patients. These findings suggested that TLRs might play role in innate immune recognition in which the differential expression of TLRs on APCs could be regulated by the P. falciparum parasite. (C) 2007 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 [Mahakunkijcharoen, Yuvadee; Khusmith, Srisin] Mahidol Univ, Fac Trop Med, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. [Loharungsikul, Somying; Sarntivijai, Suphannee] Mahidol Univ, Dept Clin Microbiol, Fac Med Technol, Bangkok 10700, Thailand. [Troye-Blomberg, Marita; Amoudruz, Petra] Stockholm Univ, Dept Immunol, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden. [Pichyangkul, Sathit; Yongvanitchit, Kosol] Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Dept Immunol & Med, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. [Looareesuwan, Sornchai] Mahidol Univ, Fac Trop Med, Dept Clin Trop Med, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. [Looareesuwan, Sornchai] Mahidol Univ, Fac Trop Med, Hosp Trop Dis, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. RP Khusmith, S (reprint author), Mahidol Univ, Fac Trop Med, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, 420-6 Rajvithi Rd, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. EM tmskm@mahidol.ac.th RI Troye-Blomberg, Marita/B-9210-2016 OI Troye-Blomberg, Marita/0000-0002-2804-0325 NR 27 TC 22 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0001-706X J9 ACTA TROP JI Acta Trop. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 105 IS 1 BP 10 EP 15 DI 10.1016/j.actatropica.2007.08.002 PG 6 WC Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA 255ID UT WOS:000252650700002 PM 17854755 ER PT B AU Varma, RM Hashmonay, RA Du, K Rood, MJ Kim, BJ Kemme, MR AF Varma, Ravi M. Hashmonay, Ram A. Du, Ke Rood, Mark J. Kim, Byung J. Kemme, Michael R. BE Kim, YJ Platt, U TI A novel method to quantify fugitive dust emissions using optical remote sensing SO ADVANCED ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 6th International Symposium on Advanced Environmental Monitoring CY JUN 27-30, 2006 CL Heidelberg, GERMANY DE fugitive dust; emission estimation; optical remote sensing; particulate matter; PM10; PM2.5; Mie theory; FTIR; transmissometer; micro pulse lidar AB This paper describes a new method for retrieving path-averaged mass concentrations from multi-spectral light extinction measured by optical remote sensing (ORS) instruments. The light extinction measurements as a function of wavelength were used in conjunction with an iterative inverse-Mie algorithm to retrieve path-averaged particulate matter (PM) mass distribution. Conventional mass concentration measurements in a controlled release experiment were used to calibrate the ORS method. A backscattering micro pulse lidar (MPL) was used to obtain the horizontal extent of the plume along MPL's line of sight. This method was used to measure concentrations and mass emission rates of PM with diameters <= 10 mu m (PM10) and PM with diameters <= 2.5 mu m (PM2.5) that were caused by dust from an artillery back blast event at a location in a desert region of the southwestern United States of America. C1 [Varma, Ravi M.; Hashmonay, Ram A.] ARCADIS, 4915 Prospectus Dr Suite F, Durham, NC 27713 USA. [Du, Ke; Rood, Mark J.] Univ Illinois, Dept Civil & Environ Engn, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. [Kemme, Michael R.] U.S. Army, ERDC CERL, Champaign, IL 61822 USA. RP Varma, RM (reprint author), ARCADIS, 4915 Prospectus Dr Suite F, Durham, NC 27713 USA. RI Varma, Ravi/A-9640-2009; Du, Ke/A-6649-2012 FU Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program [CP-1400] FX The authors like to thank Dr. Jack Gillies and Dr. Hampden Kuhns, Desert Research Institute (DRI) for providing the DUSTTRAK calibration data against DRI fi lter-based measurements made during our combined fi eld measurements. This research was sponsored by the Strategic Environmental Research and Development Program grant number CP-1400. NR 7 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 4 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA PO BOX 17, 3300 AA DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS BN 978-1-4020-6363-3 PY 2008 BP 143 EP + DI 10.1007/978-1-4020-6364-0_11 PG 2 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA BHA41 UT WOS:000251847700011 ER PT S AU Baran, D David, P AF Baran, David David, Philip BE Luk, FT TI Object tracking in an omni-directional mosaic SO ADVANCED SIGNAL PROCESSING ALGORITHMS, ARCHITECTURES, AND IMPLEMENTATIONS XVIII SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Advanced Signal Processing Algorithms, Architectures, and Implementantions XVIII CY AUG 10-11, 2008 CL San Diego, CA SP SPIE DE PTZ camera; mosaic; object detection; object tracking; feature detection; camera calibration AB Large gains have been made in the automation of moving object detection and tracking. As these technologies continue to mature, the size of the field of regard and the range of tracked objects continue to increase. The use of a pan-tilt-zoom (PTZ) camera enables a surveillance system to observe a nearly 360 degrees field of regard and track objects over a wide range of distances. However, use of a PTZ camera also presents a number of challenges. The first challenge is to determine how to optimally control the pan, tilt, and zoom parameters of the camera. The second challenge is to detect moving objects in imagery whose orientation and spatial resolution may vary on a frame-by-frame basis. This paper does not address the first issue; it is assumed that the camera parameters are controlled by either an operator or by an automated control process. We address only the problem of how to detect moving objects in imagery whose orientation and spatial resolution may vary on a frame-by-frame basis. We describe a system for detection and tracking of moving objects using a PTZ camera whose parameters are not under our control. A previously published background subtraction algorithm is extended to handle arbitrary camera rotation and zoom changes. This is accomplished by dynamically learning 360 degrees, multi-resolution, background models of the scene. The background models are represented as mosaics on 3D cubes. Tracking of local scale-invariant distinctive image features allows the determination of the camera parameters and the mapping from the current image to the mosaic cube. We describe the real-time implementation of the system and evaluate its performance on a variety of PTZ camera data. C1 [Baran, David; David, Philip] USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Baran, D (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 22 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-7294-6 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2008 VL 7074 AR 707406 DI 10.1117/12.795126 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics SC Computer Science; Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Optics GA BIY53 UT WOS:000263709400005 ER PT S AU Hosur, MV Mayo, JB Wetzel, E Jeelani, S AF Hosur, M. V. Mayo, J. B., Jr. Wetzel, E. Jeelani, S. BE Lau, W Min, SH Sua, LN Jan, M Tok, A TI Studies on the fabrication and stab resistance characterization of novel thermoplastic-kevlar composites SO ADVANCED STRUCTURAL AND FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS FOR PROTECTION SE Solid State Phenomena LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 4th International Conference on Materials for Advanced Technologies CY JUL 01-06, 2007 CL Singapore, SINGAPORE SP Mat Res Soc, Nanyang Technol Univ, Natl Univ Singapore, Inst Mat Res & Engn DE flexible armor; thermoplastic-kevlar composites; stab characterization AB Kevlar has demonstrated the ability to protect well against ballistic threats but has low resistance to puncture. Correctional Kevlar has shown good resistance to puncture. However, the fabric is expensive, difficult to manufacture because of its tight weave construction, and has limited protection against ballistic threats. In an effort to produce materials that are less bulky, more flexible, and resistant to puncture, thermoplastic-Kevlar (TP-Kevlar) composites have been examined. Kevlar fabric was impregnated with thermoplastic film using a hot press to produce the composites. Static and dynamic puncture resistant properties of the TP-Kevlar composites were investigated using a National Institute of Justice (NIJ Standard 0115.00) Stab Tower. The TP-filrns used in this study were polyethylene, Surlyn, and co extruded-Surlyn, which is a co extrusion of Surlyn and polyethylene. Response of the polyethylene (PE)-Kevlar composites, Surlyn-Kevlar composites, and co extruded (COEX)-Kevlar composites to spike and knife threats under static and dynamic conditions were compared with that of neat Kevlar. The infusion of thermoplastic films into the Kevlar fabric was shown to dramatically increase puncture resistance during quasi-static and dynamic testing with spikes. The TP-film type also made a difference when examining the resistance on a comparative basis of the TP-Kevlar targets. The TP-Kevlar composite targets showed more resistance to quasi-static spike testing than quasi-static knife testing. Weapon comparisons revealed that the TP-Kevlar composite targets had more resistance to dynamic knife testing than dynamic spike testing. C1 [Hosur, M. V.; Mayo, J. B., Jr.; Jeelani, S.] Tuskegee Univ, Ctr Adv Mat, Tuskegee, AL 36088 USA. [Wetzel, E.] US Army, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Hosur, MV (reprint author), Tuskegee Univ, Ctr Adv Mat, Tuskegee, AL 36088 USA. EM hosur@tuskegee.edu; jessiemayo@hotmail.com; ewetzel@arl.army.mil; jeelanis@tuskegee.edu FU Army Research Office [W911NF-05-2-0006] FX The authors acknowledge the Army Research Office for the funding of this study (Contract Number: W911NF-05-2-0006). NR 15 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 5 PU TRANS TECH PUBLICATIONS LTD PI DURNTEN-ZURICH PA KREUZSTRASSE 10, 8635 DURNTEN-ZURICH, SWITZERLAND SN 1012-0394 J9 SOLID STATE PHENOMEN PY 2008 VL 136 BP 83 EP + PG 2 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Characterization & Testing SC Materials Science GA BHP40 UT WOS:000255175400010 ER PT S AU McCuiston, RC Miller, HT LaSalvia, JC AF McCuiston, R. C. Miller, H. T. LaSalvia, J. C. BE Franks, LP TI PRELIMINARY INVESTIGATION OF DAMAGE IN AN ARMOR-GRADE B(4)C INDUCED BY QUASI STATIC HERTZIAN INDENTATION SO ADVANCES IN CERAMIC ARMOR III SE Ceramic Engineering and Science Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 31st International Conference on Advanced Ceramics and Composites CY JAN 21-26, 2007 CL Daytona Beach, FL SP Amer Ceram Soc ID BORON-CARBIDE; CERAMICS AB Previous work on sphere impact induced damage in a commercially available armor grade boron carbide (B(4)C) revealed that the mechanisms (e g shear localization) that govern compressive inelastic response are significantly different than either hot pressed polycrystalline SiC (grain boundary microcracking) or WC (plasticity) To further probe the inherent damage mechanisms present in polycrystalline B(4)C, quasi static Hertzian indentation was used to generate a series of controlled indentations as a function of load B(4)C specimens were sectioned from commercially available armor grade material and final polished using colloidal silica The specimens were then subjected to a series of Hertzian indentations using a Zwick/Roell Z005 MTM with spherical diamond indenters with radii of 1 5 and 2 5 mm Indents were made at loads between 500 N and 2000 N at a constant crosshead speed of 1 0 mu m/sec Optical and electron microscopy was performed on the indented surfaces and on cross-sections taken through the indents Results on the evolution of damage versus the applied load will be reported and discussed C1 [McCuiston, R. C.; Miller, H. T.; LaSalvia, J. C.] USA, Res Lab, AMSRD ARL WM MD, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP McCuiston, RC (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, AMSRD ARL WM MD, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CERAMIC SOC PI WESTERVILLE PA 735 CERAMIC PLACE, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081-8720 USA SN 0196-6219 BN 978-0-470-19636-6 J9 CERAM ENG SCI PROC PY 2008 VL 28 IS 5 BP 171 EP 180 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA BSN04 UT WOS:000284980300016 ER PT S AU Miller, HT Green, WH LaSalvia, JC AF Miller, H. T. Green, W. H. LaSalvia, J. C. BE Franks, LP TI BALLISTICALLY INDUCED DAMAGE IN CERAMIC TARGETS AS REVEALED BY X RAY COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY SO ADVANCES IN CERAMIC ARMOR III SE Ceramic Engineering and Science Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 31st International Conference on Advanced Ceramics and Composites CY JAN 21-26, 2007 CL Daytona Beach, FL SP Amer Ceram Soc AB X ray computed tomography (XCT) has been shown to be an important non destructive evaluation technique for revealing the spatial distribution of ballistically-induced damage in ceramics However, the accuracy and level of damage that can be revealed by XCT imaging has not been completely determined In this study comparisons were made between the ceramic damage revealed using XCT images, and the damage observed optically within sectioned and polished cylinder cross sections Commercially available armor grade SIC cylinders (25 4 mm x 25 4 mm) were impacted with WC-6Co spheres (6 35 mm diameter) at velocities ranging from 200 m/s - 400 m/s The recovered cylinders were then scanned using a 225 keV microfocus X ray source The X ray images were evaluated using Volume Graphics (c) imaging software and various damage characteristics were observed The cylinders were then sectioned and final polished at various distances from the center of impact Damage comparisons between the XCT images and sectioned cylinders as a function of impact velocity will be presented C1 [Miller, H. T.; Green, W. H.; LaSalvia, J. C.] USA, Res Lab, Weap & Mat Res Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Miller, HT (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Weap & Mat Res Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CERAMIC SOC PI WESTERVILLE PA 735 CERAMIC PLACE, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081-8720 USA SN 0196-6219 BN 978-0-470-19636-6 J9 CERAM ENG SCI PROC PY 2008 VL 28 IS 5 BP 193 EP 201 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA BSN04 UT WOS:000284980300018 ER PT S AU Brennan, R Haber, R Niesz, D Sigel, G McCauley, J AF Brennan, Raymond Haber, Richard Niesz, Dale Sigel, George McCauley, James BE Franks, LP TI ELASTIC PROPERTY MAPPING USING ULTRASONIC IMAGING SO ADVANCES IN CERAMIC ARMOR III SE Ceramic Engineering and Science Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 31st International Conference on Advanced Ceramics and Composites CY JAN 21-26, 2007 CL Daytona Beach, FL SP Amer Ceram Soc AB Ultrasonic imaging is a nondestructive technique used for material inspection Ultrasound or acoustic, wave interactions with the material under inspection result in reflected signals from which time of flight (TOF) and signal amplitude values can be utilized to detect defects and inhomogeneities and to extract valuable information about elastic properties With the use of an ultrasound scanning system images can be generated based on changes in TOF and reflected signal amplitude By measuring thickness and density variations over the material and collecting both longitudinal and shear TOF data, elastic property mapping can also be achieved Elastic property mapping can provide valuable information for performance comparison and evaluation C1 [Brennan, Raymond; Haber, Richard; Niesz, Dale; Sigel, George] Rutgers State Univ, 607 Taylor Rd, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. [McCauley, James] US Army, Ballist Res Labs, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Brennan, R (reprint author), Rutgers State Univ, 607 Taylor Rd, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. FU U.S. Army Research Laboratory's Material Center ofExcellence - Lightweight Materials for Vehicle Protection Program [W911NF-06-2-0007]; Ceramic and Composite Materials Program an NSF IKJCRC [EEC-0436504] FX The authors would like to thank the U.S. Army Research Laboratorys Material Center ofExcellence - Lightweight Materials for Vehicle Protection Program, Cooperative Agreement No.W911NF-06-2-0007 and the Ceramic and Composite Materials Program an NSF IKJCRC. Agreement No. EEC-0436504, for their support. NR 6 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CERAMIC SOC PI WESTERVILLE PA 735 CERAMIC PLACE, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081-8720 USA SN 0196-6219 BN 978-0-470-19636-6 J9 CERAM ENG SCI PROC PY 2008 VL 28 IS 5 BP 213 EP + PG 3 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA BSN04 UT WOS:000284980300020 ER PT S AU McCuiston, RC Miller, HT LaSalvia, JC AF McCuiston, R. C. Miller, H. T. LaSalvia, J. C. BE Frank, LP TI PRELIMINARY INVESTIGATION OF DAMAGE IN AN ARMOR-GRADE B(4)C INDUCED BY QUASI-STATIC HERTZIAN INDENTATION SO ADVANCES IN CERAMIC ARMOR III SE Ceramic Engineering and Science Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 31st International Cocoa Beach Conference on Advanced Ceramics and Composites CY JAN 21-26, 2007 CL Daytona Beach, FL ID BORON-CARBIDE; CERAMICS AB Previous work on sphere impact induced damage in a commercially-available armor-grade boron carbide (B(4)C) revealed that the mechanisms (e.g. shear localization) that govern compressive inelastic response are significantly different than either hot-pressed polycrystalline SiC (grain boundary microcracking) or WC (plasticity). To further probe the inherent damage mechanisms present in polycrystalline B(4)C, quasi-static Hertzian indentation was used to generate a series of controlled indentations as a function of load. B(4)C specimens were sectioned from commercially-available armor-grade material and final polished using colloidal silica. The specimens were then subjected to a series of Hertzian indentations using a Zwick/Roell Z005 MTM with spherical diamond indenters with radii of 1.5 and 2.5 mm. Indents were made at loads between 500 N and 2000 N at a constant crosshead speed of 1.0 mu m/sec. Optical and electron microscopy was performed on the indented surfaces and on cross-sections taken through the indents. Results on the evolution of damage versus the applied load will be reported and discussed. C1 [McCuiston, R. C.; Miller, H. T.; LaSalvia, J. C.] USA, Res Lab, AMSRD ARL WM MD, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP McCuiston, RC (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, AMSRD ARL WM MD, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. NR 18 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CERAMIC SOC PI WESTERVILLE PA 735 CERAMIC PLACE, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081-8720 USA SN 0196-6219 BN 978-0-470-19636-6 J9 CERAM ENG SCI PROC PY 2008 VL 25 IS 5 BP 171 EP 180 PG 10 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA BQO25 UT WOS:000281438700015 ER PT S AU Miller, HT Green, WH LaSalvia, JC AF Miller, H. T. Green, W. H. LaSalvia, J. C. BE Frank, LP TI BALLISTICALLY-INDUCED DAMAGE IN CERAMIC TARGETS AS REVEALED BY X-RAY COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY SO ADVANCES IN CERAMIC ARMOR III SE Ceramic Engineering and Science Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT 31st International Cocoa Beach Conference on Advanced Ceramics and Composites CY JAN 21-26, 2007 CL Daytona Beach, FL AB X-ray computed tomography (XCT) has been shown to be an important non-destructive evaluation technique for revealing the spatial distribution of ballistically-induced damage in ceramics. However, the accuracy and level of damage that can be revealed by XCT imaging has not been completely determined. In this study, comparisons were made between the ceramic damage revealed using XCT images, and the damage observed optically within sectioned and polished cylinder cross-sections. Commercially-available armor-grade SiC cylinders (25.4 mm x 25.4 mm) were impacted with WC-6Co spheres (6.35 mm diameter) at velocities ranging from 200 m/s - 400 m/s. The recovered cylinders were then scanned using a 225 keV microfocus X-ray source. The X-ray images were evaluated using Volume Graphics (c) imaging software and various damage characteristics were observed. The cylinders were then sectioned and final polished at various distances from the center of impact. Damage comparisons between the XCT images and sectioned cylinders as a function of impact velocity will be presented. C1 [Miller, H. T.; Green, W. H.; LaSalvia, J. C.] USA, Res Lab, Weap & Mat Res Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Miller, HT (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Weap & Mat Res Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CERAMIC SOC PI WESTERVILLE PA 735 CERAMIC PLACE, WESTERVILLE, OH 43081-8720 USA SN 0196-6219 BN 978-0-470-19636-6 J9 CERAM ENG SCI PROC PY 2008 VL 25 IS 5 BP 193 EP 201 PG 9 WC Materials Science, Ceramics SC Materials Science GA BQO25 UT WOS:000281438700017 ER PT S AU Chen, TY Khalili, O Campbell, RL Carrington, L Tikir, MM Snavely, A AF Chen, Tzu-Yi Khalili, Omid Campbell, Roy L., Jr. Carrington, Laura Tikir, Mustafa M. Snavely, Allan BE Zelkowitz, MV TI Performance prediction and ranking of supercomputers SO ADVANCES IN COMPUTERS, VOL 72: HIGH PERFORMANCE COMPUTING SE Advances in Computers LA English DT Article; Book Chapter ID PARALLEL; BENCHMARKS; SYSTEMS; MODEL AB Performance prediction indicates the time required for execution of an application on a particular machine. Machine ranking indicates the set of machines that is likely to execute an application most quickly. These two questions are discussed within the context of large parallel applications run on on supercomputers. Different techniques are surveyed, including a framework for a general approach that weighs the results of machine benchmarks run on all systems of interest. Variations within the framework are described and tested on data from large-scale applications run on modern supercomputers, helping to illustrate the trade-offs in accuracy and effort that are inherent in any method for answering these two questions. C1 [Chen, Tzu-Yi] Pomona Coll, Dept Comp Sci, Claremont, CA 91711 USA. [Khalili, Omid] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Comp Sci & Engn, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Campbell, Roy L., Jr.] USA, Res Lab, Major Shared Resource Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. [Carrington, Laura; Tikir, Mustafa M.; Snavely, Allan] Univ Calif San Diego, PMaC Ltd, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. RP Chen, TY (reprint author), Pomona Coll, Dept Comp Sci, Claremont, CA 91711 USA. EM tzuyi@cs.pomona.edu; okhalili@cs.ucsd.edu; rcampbell@arl.army.mil; lcarring@sdsc.edu; mtikir@sdsc.edu; allans@sdsc.edu NR 47 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER ACADEMIC PRESS INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B STREET, SUITE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0065-2458 BN 978-0-12-374411-1 J9 ADV COMPUT JI Adv. Comput. PY 2008 VL 72 BP 135 EP 172 DI 10.1016/S0065-2458(08)00003-X PG 38 WC Computer Science, Hardware & Architecture; Computer Science, Software Engineering SC Computer Science GA BHX98 UT WOS:000257315600003 ER PT S AU Hartwig, KT Balachandran, S Mathaudhu, SN Barber, RE Pyon, T Griffin, RB AF Hartwig, K. T. Balachandran, S. Mathaudhu, S. N. Barber, R. E. Pyon, T. Griffin, R. B. BE Balachandran, UB TI Interface roughness in copper-tantalum wire and Nb3Sn superconductor composites SO ADVANCES IN CRYOGENIC ENGINEERING, VOL 54: TRANSACTIONS OF THE INTERNATIONAL CRYOGENIC MATERIALS CONFERENCE - ICMC SE AIP Conference Proceedings LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Joint Cryogenic Engineering Conference/International Cryogenic Materials Conference CY JUL 16-20, 2007 CL Chattanooga, TN SP Air Liquide, Amer Super Conduct, Austrian Aerosp GmbH, Cryogenics Journal, DLH Ind, Fermi Natl Accelerator Lab, GE Global Res, Janis Res Co, Meyer Tool & Mfg, Natl High Magnet Field Lab, Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Ohio State Univ, Labs Appl Super Conduct & Magnet, Ohio State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, SuperPower, US DOE, Oxford Instruments DE diffusion barrier; interface roughness; multifilamentary superconductors; Nb3Sn; tantalum; ECAE; ITER; SPD; failure AB Poor deformation behavior of tantalum (Ta) sheet used for tin diffusion barriers in Nb3Sn composite superconductors can lead to Ta layer rupture and even strand fracture during wire drawing. These problems arise because the Ta layer deforms nonuniformly as it is reduced in thickness. The origin of the problem resides in the microstructure of the Ta and the co-deformation mechanics of relatively strong body centered cubic Ta with surrounding weaker and more ductile face centered cubic Cu. In an attempt to remedy this problem, 25mm square bars of Ta were processed by multi-axis severe plastic deformation (SPD) via equal channel angular extrusion (ECAE), then rolled to sheet and recrystallized. The SPD processing was done to refine the microstructure and reduce nonuniformities in grain size and texture. Measurements of the Cu-Ta interface roughness in experimental Cu-Ta composite wires were made and compared with the interface roughness seen in commercial Ta diffusion barrier layers. Results show that Ta sheet made from SPD processed bulk Ta co-deforms well with Cu and leads to less interface roughening than is developed in commercial Ta sheet material fabricated into superconductor wire. C1 [Hartwig, K. T.; Balachandran, S.; Griffin, R. B.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Mech Engn, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. [Mathaudhu, S. N.] US Army, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. [Barber, R. E.] Shear Form Inc, Bryan, TX 77801 USA. [Pyon, T.] Luvata Waterbury, Waterbury, CT 06704 USA. RP Hartwig, KT (reprint author), Texas A&M Univ, Dept Mech Engn, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. RI Mathaudhu, Suveen/B-4192-2009 FU SBIR [DE-FG02-04ER84973] FX This work was supported under a DOE Phase II SBIR contract (DE-FG02-04ER84973). NR 6 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1NO1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0094-243X BN 978-0-7354-0505-9 J9 AIP CONF PROC PY 2008 VL 986 BP 325 EP + PG 2 WC Thermodynamics; Physics, Applied SC Thermodynamics; Physics GA BHN11 UT WOS:000254421900042 ER PT B AU Dandekar, DP Vogler, TJ AF Dandekar, D. P. Vogler, T. J. BE Fan, JH Chen, HB TI Statistics of compression and spall strength of a tungsten alloy SO ADVANCES IN HETEROGENEOUS MATERIAL MECHANICS 2008 LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Heterogeneous Material Mechanics (ICHMM) CY JUN 03-08, 2008 CL Huangshan, PEOPLES R CHINA SP Natl Sci Fdn China, KC Wong Educ Fdn DE shock response; spall strength; tungsten alloy; weibull distribution; heterogeneity AB Analysis of the effect of spatial variability on the shock response of a tungsten heavy alloy in compression and tensile states as determined from multi-point measurements shows that the heterogeneity of the material does not appear to affect the uniform deformation of the alloy under compression. However, tensile state and in consequence the spall strength reflect the heterogeneous characteristics possibly due to generation of cracks and other defects. Further, the average spatial response of the alloy is well represented by the conventional single point measurement. C1 [Dandekar, D. P.] USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Dandekar, DP (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU DESTECH PUBLICATIONS, INC PI LANCASTER PA 439 DUKE STREET, LANCASTER, PA 17602-4967 USA BN 978-1-932078-80-0 PY 2008 BP 236 EP 239 PG 4 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Materials Science, Characterization & Testing SC Engineering; Materials Science GA BHX21 UT WOS:000257167700056 ER PT S AU Wei, Q Ramesh, KT Kecskes, LJ Mathaudhu, SN Hartwig, KT AF Wei, Q. Ramesh, K. T. Kecskes, L. J. Mathaudhu, S. N. Hartwig, K. T. BA Zhao, Y BF Zhao, Y BE Liao, X TI Ultrafine and Nanostructured Refractory Metals Processed by SPD: Microstructure and Mechanical Properties SO ADVANCES IN NANOSTRUCTURED MATERIALS PROCESSED BY SEVERE PLASTIC DEFORMATION SE Materials Science Forum LA English DT Article; Book Chapter DE ultrafine grain; nanostructured; refractory metals; severe plastic deformation; microstructure; strain rate effects; dynamic properties ID SEVERE PLASTIC-DEFORMATION; STRAIN-RATE SENSITIVITY; CENTERED-CUBIC METALS; HIGH-PRESSURE TORSION; GRAIN-SIZE; NANOCRYSTALLINE MATERIALS; ATTRITION TREATMENT; TENSILE DUCTILITY; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; SHEAR BANDS AB Severe plastic deformation (SPD) has been demonstrated to be the most efficient method to produce bulk metals with ultrafine grained (UFG, 100 nm < grain size d < 500 nm) and nanocrystalline (NC, d<100 nm) micro structures. Such metals exhibit some unique properties owing to their unusual microstructures such as high-energy, non-equilibrium grain boundaries. Efforts in the past two decades have focused on metals with face-centered cubic (fcc) structures. Recent experimental results have shown that UFG/NC metals with body-centered cubic (bee) structures have some properties that are distinct from their fee counterparts. Further, the majority of the fee metals are very ductile and have relatively low melting points, making them easier to process using SPD. On the contrary, many bee metals are refractory, and are very sensitive to interstitial impurities, rendering them difficult to work via SPD. In this article, we attempt to summarize the state-of-the-art of UFG/NC refractory metals processed by SPD, with focus on the microstructure and mechanical properties. Comparisons with UFG/NC fee metals are made where appropriate. Outstanding issues and future directions are also addressed. C1 [Wei, Q.] Univ N Carolina, Dept Mech Engn & Engn Sci, Charlotte, NC 28223 USA. [Wei, Q.; Ramesh, K. T.] Johns Hopkins Univ, CAMCS, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. [Kecskes, L. J.; Mathaudhu, S. N.] USA, Res Lab, Weap & Mat Res Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. [Hartwig, K. T.] Texas A&M Univ, Dept Mech Engn, College Stn, TX 77843 USA. RP Wei, Q (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Dept Mech Engn & Engn Sci, 362 Duke Centennial Hall,9201 Univ City Blvd, Charlotte, NC 28223 USA. EM qwei@uncc.edu; ramesh@jhu.edu; kecskes@arl.army.mil; suveen.mathaudhu@arl.army.mil; thartwig@tamu.edu RI Mathaudhu, Suveen/B-4192-2009; Wei, Qiuming/B-7579-2008; Kecskes, Laszlo/F-6880-2014 OI Kecskes, Laszlo/0000-0002-1342-3729 NR 87 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 6 PU TRANS TECH PUBLICATIONS LTD PI STAFA-ZURICH PA LAUBLSRUTISTR 24, CH-8717 STAFA-ZURICH, SWITZERLAND SN 0255-5476 J9 MATER SCI FORUM PY 2008 VL 579 BP 75 EP 90 PG 16 WC Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science GA BKL28 UT WOS:000268419400006 ER PT J AU Hu, B Freihaut, JD Bahnfleth, WP Thran, B AF Hu, B. Freihaut, J. D. Bahnfleth, W. P. Thran, B. TI Measurements and factorial analysis of micron-sized particle adhesion force to indoor flooring materials by electrostatic detachment method SO AEROSOL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ELECTRIC-FIELD; AIR-POLLUTION; DEPOSITION; COMMUNITY; AEROSOL AB Airborne concentration of micron-sized particulate matter (PM) is an important index of indoor air quality. While human activity is considered the main reason causing indoor particle resuspension, theoretical particle adhesion force models give predictions of adhesion force much larger than the disturbance forces introduced by human activity. This work suggests that the imperfect contact between particles and surfaces can greatly reduce the adhesion bond. Electrostatic detachment method is used to measure the actual adhesion force distribution of micron-sized particles to such common indoor flooring materials as vinyl and rubber. Comparisons are made between the theoretical predictions and experimental measurements. Factorial experiments are also designed to study the influence of particle type, flooring type and contact time on particle adhesion force. C1 [Hu, B.] Penn State Univ, Dept Architectural Engn, Engn Unit A, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. [Thran, B.] USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Environm Hlth Risk Assessment Program, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. RP Hu, B (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Architectural Engn, Engn Unit A, Room 104, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM buh117@psu.edu NR 18 TC 8 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 5 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0278-6826 J9 AEROSOL SCI TECH JI Aerosol Sci. Technol. PY 2008 VL 42 IS 7 BP 513 EP 520 DI 10.1080/02786820802209129 PG 8 WC Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical; Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 319GQ UT WOS:000257152500003 ER PT J AU Lee, CY Pang, W Hill, SC Yu, HY Kim, ES AF Lee, Chuang-Yuan Pang, Wei Hill, Steven C. Yu, Hongyu Kim, Eun Sok TI Airborne particle generation through acoustic ejection of particles-in-droplets SO AEROSOL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID FLUORESCENCE; SUSPENSIONS; EVAPORATION; AEROSOLS AB This article reports a method to produce airborne particles by generating uniformly sized droplets that contain particles, where the droplets are made with an acoustic ejector that does not need any small orifice or nozzle which might become clogged. We demonstrate stable and continuous ejection for more than 10 minutes of 14-mu m droplets containing 1-mu m polystyrene latex (PSL) particles at a concentration of 1% solids. There was no indication of clogging. We have demonstrated ejection of droplets containing PSL at rates up to 3,000 droplets/s (90,000 1-mu m-PSL particles/s). This method should produce, at a known rate, (1) uniform particles of known volume when the particles are soluble in the liquid and/or (2) particles with a statistical distribution (e.g., Poisson distribution) when the particles are aggregates of primary particles. The method should be useful for aerosol generation systems requiring no volatile organic compounds (VOC). C1 [Lee, Chuang-Yuan; Pang, Wei; Kim, Eun Sok] Univ So Calif, Dept Elect Engn Electrophys, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. [Pang, Wei] Avago Technol Inc, Wireless Semicond Div, San Jose, CA USA. [Hill, Steven C.] USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD USA. [Yu, Hongyu] Arizona State Univ, Dept Elect Engn, Sch Earth & Space Explorat, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. RP Pang, W (reprint author), Univ So Calif, Dept Elect Engn Electrophys, 3737 Watt Way,PHE535, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. EM pangwei_2001@hotmail.com FU National Science Foundation (NSF) [ECS-0310622] FX This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation (NSF) under Grant No. ECS-0310622. NR 26 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 4 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0278-6826 J9 AEROSOL SCI TECH JI Aerosol Sci. Technol. PY 2008 VL 42 IS 10 BP 832 EP 841 DI 10.1080/02786820802345709 PG 10 WC Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical; Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 348WE UT WOS:000259240000005 ER PT S AU Nasrabadi, NM AF Nasrabadi, Nasser M. BE Shen, SS Lewis, PE TI Regularization for spectral matched filter and RX anomaly detector - art. no. 696604 SO ALGORITHMS AND TECHNOLOGIES FOR MULTISPECTRAL, HYPERSPECTRAL, AND ULTRASPECTRAL IMAGERY XIV SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Algorithms and Technologies for Multispectral, Hyperspectral, and Ultraspectral Imagery XIII CY MAR 17-19, 2008 CL Orlando, FL SP SPIE DE regularized spectral matched filter; spectral matched filter; RX algorithm; regularized RX algorithm; regularization; shrinkage; hyperspectral imagery; automatic target recognition AB This paper describes a new adaptive spectral matched filter and a modified RX-based anomaly detector that incorporates the idea of regularization (shrinkage). The regularization has the effect of restricting the possible matched filters (models) to a subset which are more stable and have better performance than the non-regularized adaptive spectral matched filters. The effect of regularization depends on the form of the regularization term and the amount of regularization is controlled by so called regulanization coefficient. In this paper the sum-of-squares of the filter coefficients is used as the regularization term and several different values for the regularization coefficient are tested. A Bayesian-based derivation of the regularized matched filter is also provided. Experimental results for detecting and recognizing targets in hyperspectral imagery are presented for regularized and non-regularized spectral matched filters and RX algorithm. C1 Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Nasrabadi, NM (reprint author), Army Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. NR 23 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-7157-4 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2008 VL 6966 BP 96604 EP 96604 DI 10.1117/12.773444 PG 12 WC Remote Sensing; Optics SC Remote Sensing; Optics GA BHZ01 UT WOS:000257540900003 ER PT S AU Jones, KF Perovich, DK Koenig, GG AF Jones, K. F. Perovich, D. K. Koenig, G. G. BE Shen, SS Lewis, PE TI Spatial and temporal variability of hyperspectral signatures of terrain - art. no. 69660L SO ALGORITHMS AND TECHNOLOGIES FOR MULTISPECTRAL, HYPERSPECTRAL, AND ULTRASPECTRAL IMAGERY XIV SE PROCEEDINGS OF THE SOCIETY OF PHOTO-OPTICAL INSTRUMENTATION ENGINEERS (SPIE) LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Algorithms and Technologies for Multispectral, Hyperspectral, and Ultraspectral Imagery XIII CY MAR 17-19, 2008 CL Orlando, FL SP SPIE DE hyperspectral imagery; principal component analysis; reflectance; detection AB Electromagnetic signatures of terrain exhibit significant spatial heterogeneity on a range of scales as well as considerable temporal variability. A statistical characterization of the spatial heterogeneity and spatial scaling algorithms of terrain electromagnetic signatures are required to extrapolate measurements to larger scales. Basic terrain elements including bare soil, grass, deciduous, and coniferous trees were studied in a quasi-laboratory setting using instrumented test sites in Hanover, NH and Yuma, AZ. Observations were made using a visible and near infrared spectroradiometer (350 - 2500 nm) and hyperspectral camera (400 - 1100 nm). Results are reported illustrating: i) several difference scenes; ii) a terrain scene time series sampled over an annual cycle; and iii) the detection -of artifacts in scenes. A principal component analysis indicated that the first three principal components typically explained between 90 and 99% of the. variance of the 30 to 40-channel hyperspectral images. Higher order principal com ponents of hyperspectral images are useful for detecting artifacts in scenes. C1 [Jones, K. F.; Perovich, D. K.; Koenig, G. G.] USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Jones, KF (reprint author), USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, 72 Lyme Rd, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-7157-4 J9 P SOC PHOTO-OPT INS PY 2008 VL 6966 BP L9660 EP L9660 DI 10.1117/12.777642 PG 7 WC Remote Sensing; Optics SC Remote Sensing; Optics GA BHZ01 UT WOS:000257540900015 ER PT S AU Romano, JM Rosari, D Roth, L Roese, E Willson, P AF Romano, Joao M. Rosari, Dalton Roth, Luz Roese, Eric Willson, Paul BE Shen, SS Lewis, PE TI Analysis of an autonomous clutter background characterization method for hyperspectral imagery SO ALGORITHMS AND TECHNOLOGIES FOR MULTISPECTRAL, HYPERSPECTRAL, AND ULTRASPECTRAL IMAGERY XIV SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Algorithms and Technologies for Multispectral, Hyperspectral, and Ultraspectral Imagery XIII CY MAR 17-19, 2008 CL Orlando, FL SP SPIE DE parallel anomaly detection; hyperspectral imagery; random sampling AB Hyperspectral ground to ground viewing perspective presents major challenges for autonomous window based detection. One of these challenges has to do with object scales uncertainty that occur when using a window-based detection approach. In a previous paper, we introduced a fully autonomous parallel approach to address the scale uncertainty problem. The proposed approach featured a compact test statistic for anomaly detection, which is based on a principle of indirect comparison; a random sampling stage, which does not require secondary information (range or size) about the targets: a parallel process to mitigate the inclusion by chance of target samples into clutter background classes during random sampling; and a fusion of results at the end. In this paper, we demonstrate the effectiveness and robustness of this approach on different scenarios using hyperspectral imagery, where for most of these scenarios, the parameter settings were fixed. We also investigated the performance of this suite over different times of the day, where the spectral signatures of materials varied with relation to diurnal changes during the course of the day. Both visible to near infrared and longwave imagery are used in this study. C1 [Romano, Joao M.; Roth, Luz; Willson, Paul] USA, Armament Res & Dev Ctr ARDEC, Picatinny Arsenal, NJ 07806 USA. RP Romano, JM (reprint author), USA, Armament Res & Dev Ctr ARDEC, Picatinny Arsenal, NJ 07806 USA. EM joao.m.romano@us.army.mil; rosario@arl.army.mil; luz.roth@us.army.mil NR 7 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-7157-4 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2008 VL 6966 AR 69661Q DI 10.1117/12.775159 PG 11 WC Remote Sensing; Optics SC Remote Sensing; Optics GA BHZ01 UT WOS:000257540900049 ER PT S AU Rosario, D AF Rosario, Dalton BE Shen, SS Lewis, PE TI Statistical methods for analysis of hyperspectral anomaly detectors SO ALGORITHMS AND TECHNOLOGIES FOR MULTISPECTRAL, HYPERSPECTRAL, AND ULTRASPECTRAL IMAGERY XIV SE Proceedings of SPIE LA English DT Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Algorithms and Technologies for Multispectral, Hyperspectral, and Ultraspectral Imagery XIII CY MAR 17-19, 2008 CL Orlando, FL SP SPIE DE statistical hypothesis tests; hyperspectral; anomaly detection ID IMAGERY AB Most hyperspectral (HS) anomaly detectors in the literature have been evaluated using a few HS imagery sets to estimate the well-known ROC curve. Although this evaluation approach can be helpful in assessing detectors' rates of correct detection and false alarm on a limited dataset, it does not shed lights on reasons for these detectors' strengths and weaknesses using a significantly larger sample size. This paper discusses a more rigorous approach to testing and comparing HS anomaly detectors, and it is intended to serve as a guide for such a task. Using randomly generated samples, the approach introduces hypothesis tests for two idealized homogeneous sample experiments, where model parameters can vary the difficulty level of these tests. These simulation experiments are devised to address a more generalized concern, i.e., the expected degradation of correct detection as a function of increasing noise in the alternative hypothesis. RP Rosario, D (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM rosario@arl.army.mil NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPIE-INT SOC OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98227-0010 USA SN 0277-786X BN 978-0-8194-7157-4 J9 PROC SPIE PY 2008 VL 6966 AR 69661R DI 10.1117/12.776982 PG 12 WC Remote Sensing; Optics SC Remote Sensing; Optics GA BHZ01 UT WOS:000257540900050 ER PT J AU Russo, MB Arnett, MV Thomas, ML Caldwell, JA AF Russo, Michael B. Arnett, Michael V. Thomas, Maria L. Caldwell, John A. TI Ethical use of cogniceuticals in the militaries of democratic nations SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BIOETHICS LA English DT Editorial Material ID PHARMACOLOGICAL FATIGUE COUNTERMEASURES; RECOMMENDATIONS; PERSPECTIVE C1 [Russo, Michael B.; Arnett, Michael V.] USA, Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Neurol, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. [Thomas, Maria L.] Johns Hopkins Sch Med, Baltimore, MD USA. RP Russo, MB (reprint author), USA, Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Neurol, 1 Jarrett Rd, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. EM Michael.Russo@US.Army.Mil NR 11 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 4 PU ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXFORDSHIRE, ENGLAND SN 1526-5161 J9 AM J BIOETHICS JI Am. J. Bioeth. PY 2008 VL 8 IS 2 BP 39 EP 41 DI 10.1080/15265160802015016 PG 3 WC Ethics; Medical Ethics; Social Issues; Social Sciences, Biomedical SC Social Sciences - Other Topics; Medical Ethics; Social Issues; Biomedical Social Sciences GA 309AV UT WOS:000256433000010 PM 18570076 ER PT J AU Todd, CS Abed, AMS Scott, PT Botros, BA Safi, N Earhart, KC Strathdee, SA AF Todd, Catherine S. Abed, Abdullah M. S. Scott, Paul T. Botros, Boulos A. Safi, Naqibullah Earhart, Kenneth C. Strathdee, Steffanie A. TI Correlates of receptive and distributive needle sharing among injection drug users in Kabul, Afghanistan SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF DRUG AND ALCOHOL ABUSE LA English DT Article DE Afghanistan; distributive needle sharing; injection drug use; receptive needle sharing ID HIV-1 INFECTION; RISK BEHAVIORS; PREVENTION; PREVALENCE; TRANSMISSION; SETTINGS; PAKISTAN; TEHRAN; IRAN AB We describe receptive and distributive needle/syringe sharing among injection drug users (IDUs) in Kabul, Afghanistan. In this cross-sectional study, IDUs completed an interviewer-administered questionnaire. Logistic regression identified correlates of needle sharing in the last six months. Receptive and distributive sharing in the last six months were reported by 28.2% and 28.7% of participants, respectively, and were both independently associated with reported difficulty obtaining new syringes (Receptive sharing: AOR=2.60, 95% CI: 1.66-4.06; Distributive: AOR=1.56, 95% CI: 1.02-2.39). Receptive and distributive sharing are common among IDU in Kabul; scaling up availability of sterile, no-cost injecting equipment is urgently needed. C1 [Todd, Catherine S.; Strathdee, Steffanie A.] Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Family & Prevent Med, Div Int Hlth & Cross Cultural Med, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. [Abed, Abdullah M. S.; Safi, Naqibullah] Minist Publ Hlth, Natl AIDS Control Program, Kabul, Afghanistan. [Scott, Paul T.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Retrovirol, US Milit HIV Res Program, Rockville, MD USA. [Botros, Boulos A.; Earhart, Kenneth C.] US Naval Med Res Unit 3, Virol Res Program, Cairo, Egypt. RP Todd, CS (reprint author), Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Family & Prevent Med, Div Int Hlth & Cross Cultural Med, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. EM cstodd@ucsd.edu RI Strathdee, Steffanie/B-9042-2009; Valle, Ruben/A-7512-2013 FU FIC NIH HHS [K01TW007408] NR 25 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0095-2990 J9 AM J DRUG ALCOHOL AB JI Am. J. Drug Alcohol Abuse PY 2008 VL 34 IS 1 BP 91 EP 100 DI 10.1080/00952990701764771 PG 10 WC Psychology, Clinical; Substance Abuse SC Psychology; Substance Abuse GA 250ZI UT WOS:000252339500010 PM 18161647 ER PT J AU Subudhi, AW Lorenz, MC Fulco, CS Roach, RC AF Subudhi, Andrew W. Lorenz, Matthew C. Fulco, Charles S. Roach, Robert C. TI Cerebrovascular responses to incremental exercise during hypobaric hypoxia: effect of oxygenation on maximal performance SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-HEART AND CIRCULATORY PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE altitude; near infrared spectroscopy; cerebral blood flow; fatigue; muscle oxygenation ID LOCOMOTOR MUSCLE FATIGUE; CEREBRAL VASCULAR-TONE; ARTERY BLOOD VELOCITY; POTASSIUM CHANNELS; HEALTHY HUMANS; CARDIAC-OUTPUT; BASAL GANGLIA; FLOW-VELOCITY; BRAIN; REST AB We sought to describe cerebrovascular responses to incremental exercise and test the hypothesis that changes in cerebral oxygenation influence maximal performance. Eleven men cycled in three conditions: 1) sea level (SL); 2) acute hypoxia [AH; hypobaric chamber, inspired PO(2) (PIO(2))86 Torr]; and 3) chronic hypoxia [CH; 4,300 m, PI(O2) 86 Torr]. At maximal work rate (W(max)), fraction of inspired oxygen (FI(O2)) was surreptitiously increased to 0.60, while subjects were encouraged to continue pedaling. Changes in cerebral ( frontal lobe) (C(OX)) and muscle (vastus lateralis) oxygenation (M(OX)) ( near infrared spectroscopy), middle cerebral artery blood flow velocity (MCA V(mean); transcranial Doppler), and end-tidal PCO(2) (PET(CO2)) were analyzed across %W(max) (significance at P < 0.05). At SL, PET(CO2), MCA Vmean, and C(OX) fell as work rate rose from 75 to 100% W(max). During AH, PET(CO2) and MCA Vmean declined from 50 to 100% W(max), while C(OX) fell from rest. With CH, PET(CO2) and C(OX) dropped throughout exercise, while MCA Vmean fell only from 75 to 100% W(max). M(OX) fell from rest to 75% W(max) at SL and AH and throughout exercise in CH. The magnitude of fall in C(OX), but not M(OX), was different between conditions (CH > AH > SL). FI(O2) 0.60 at W. max did not prolong exercise at SL, yet allowed subjects to continue for 96 +/- 61 s in AH and 162 +/- 90 s in CH. During FI(O2) 0.60, C(OX) rose and M(OX) remained constant as work rate increased. Thus cerebral hypoxia appeared to impose a limit to maximal exercise during hypobaric hypoxia (PI(O2) 86 Torr), since its reversal was associated with improved performance. C1 [Subudhi, Andrew W.; Lorenz, Matthew C.] Univ Colorado, Dept Biol, Colorado Springs, CO 80918 USA. [Subudhi, Andrew W.; Lorenz, Matthew C.; Roach, Robert C.] Univ Colorado, Altitude Res Ctr, Denver, CO 80202 USA. [Fulco, Charles S.] USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Subudhi, AW (reprint author), Univ Colorado, Dept Biol, 1420 Austin Bluffs Pkwy, Colorado Springs, CO 80918 USA. EM asubudhi@uccs.edu NR 50 TC 78 Z9 79 U1 6 U2 17 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0363-6135 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-HEART C JI Am. J. Physiol.-Heart Circul. Physiol. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 294 IS 1 BP H164 EP H171 DI 10.1152/ajpheart.01104.2007 PG 8 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Physiology; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology; Physiology GA 249WO UT WOS:000252261200020 PM 18032522 ER PT J AU McClung, JP Hasday, JD He, JR Montain, SJ Cheuvront, SN Sawka, MN Singh, IS AF McClung, James P. Hasday, Jeffrey D. He, Ju-ren Montain, Scott J. Cheuvront, Samuel N. Sawka, Michael N. Singh, Ishwar S. TI Exercise-heat acclimation in humans alters baseline levels and ex vivo heat inducibility of HSP72 and HSP90 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSIOLOGY-REGULATORY INTEGRATIVE AND COMPARATIVE PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE stress; hyperthermia; adaptation; exertional tolerance ID THRESHOLD INDUCTION TEMPERATURE; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR HSF1; HUMAN SKELETAL-MUSCLE; GENE-EXPRESSION; MOLECULAR CHAPERONES; SHOCK-PROTEIN; EURYTHERMAL GOBY; IN-VIVO; STRESS; RESPONSES AB The induction of cellular acquired thermal tolerance (ATT) during heat acclimation (HA) in humans is not well described. This study determined whether exercise-HA modifies the human heat shock protein (HSP) 72 and HSP90 responses and whether changes are correlated with physiological adaptations to HA. Using a 10-day HA protocol comprising daily exercise (treadmill walking) in a hot environment (T-a = 49 degrees C, 20% RH), we analyzed baseline and ex vivo heat-induced expression of HSP72 and HSP90 in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) isolated prior to exercise from eight subjects on day 1 and 10 of the HA protocol. Classical physiological responses to HA were observed, including significantly reduced heart rate and core body temperature, and significantly increased sweating rate. Baseline levels of HSP72 and HSP90 were significantly increased following acclimation by 17.7 +/- 6.1% and 21.1 +/- 6.5%, respectively. Ex vivo induction of HSP72 in PBMCs exposed to heat shock (43 C) was blunted on day 10 compared with day 1. A correlation was identified (r(2) = 0.89) between changes in core temperature elevation and ex vivo HSP90 responses to heat shock between days 1 and 10, indicating that volunteers demonstrating the greatest physiological HA tended to exhibit the greatest blunting of ex vivo HSP induction in response to heat shock. In summary, 1) exercise-HA resulted in increased baseline levels of HSP72 and HSP90, 2) ex vivo heat inducibility of HSP72 was blunted after HA, and 3) volunteers demonstrating the greatest physiological HA tended to exhibit the greatest blunting of ex vivo HSP induction in response to heat shock. These data demonstrate that physiological adaptations in humans undergoing HA are accompanied by both increases in baseline levels and changes in regulation of cytoprotective HSPs. C1 [Hasday, Jeffrey D.; Singh, Ishwar S.] Baltimore Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Res & Med Serv, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. [McClung, James P.; Montain, Scott J.; Cheuvront, Samuel N.; Sawka, Michael N.] USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. [Hasday, Jeffrey D.; He, Ju-ren; Singh, Ishwar S.] Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Med, Div Pulm & Crit Care Med, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. RP Singh, IS (reprint author), Baltimore Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Res & Med Serv, Rm 3C117,10 N Greene St, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. EM isingh@umaryland.edu RI McClung, James/A-1989-2009 FU NHLBI NIH HHS [R01 HL085256-03, HL69057, R01 HL069057, R01 HL069057-06, R01 HL085256]; NIGMS NIH HHS [GM066855, GM069431, R01 GM069431] NR 39 TC 54 Z9 57 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0363-6119 J9 AM J PHYSIOL-REG I JI Am. J. Physiol.-Regul. Integr. Comp. Physiol. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 294 IS 1 BP R185 EP R191 DI 10.1152/ajpregu.00532.2007 PG 7 WC Physiology SC Physiology GA 249QL UT WOS:000252243800023 PM 17977914 ER PT J AU Nielbuhr, DW Millikan, AM Cowan, DN Yolken, R Li, YZ Weber, NS AF Nielbuhr, David W. Millikan, Amy M. Cowan, David N. Yolken, Robert Li, Yuanzhang Weber, Natalya S. TI Selected infectious agents and risk of schizophrenia among US military personnel SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PSYCHIATRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 11th International Congress on Schizophrenia Research/8th Biennial Mt Sinai Conference on Cognition in Schizophrenia CY MAR 28-APR 01, 2007 CL Colorado Springs, CO ID TOXOPLASMA-GONDII INFECTION; BIPOLAR DISORDER; ANTIBODIES; INDIVIDUALS; EXPOSURE; ASSOCIATION; BRAIN; HOST; RATS; MICE AB Objective: A number of studies have reported associations between Toxoplasma gondii (T gondii) infection and the risk of schizophrenia. Most existing studies have used small populations and postdiagnosis specimens. As part of a larger research program, the authors conducted a hypothesis-generating case control study of T. gondii antibodies among individuals discharged from the U.S. military with a diagnosis of schizophrenia and serum specimens available from both before and after diagnosis. Method: The patients (N=180) were military members who had been hospitalized and discharged from military service with a diagnosis of schizophrenia. Healthy comparison subjects (3:1 matched on several factors) were members of the military who were not discharged. The U.S. military routinely collects and stores serum specimens of military service members. The authors used microplate-enzyme immunoassay to measure immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibody levels to T gondii, six herpes viruses, and influenza A and B viruses and immunoglobulin M (IgM) antibody levels to T. gondii in pre- and postdiagnosis serum specimens. Results: A significant positive association between the T gondii IgG antibody and schizophrenia was found; the overall hazard ratio was 1.24. The association between IgG and schizophrenia varied by the time between the serum specimen collection and onset of illness. Conclusion: The authors found significant associations between increased levels of scaled T gondii IgG antibodies and schizophrenia for antibodies measured both prior to and after diagnosis. C1 [Nielbuhr, David W.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Epidemiol, Div Prevent Med, Silver Spring, MD 20901 USA. Johns Hopkins Univ, Sch Med, Baltimore, MD USA. RP Nielbuhr, DW (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Epidemiol, Div Prevent Med, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20901 USA. EM David.Niebuhr@us.army.mil RI Niebuhr, David/B-7865-2011; OI Li, Yuanzhang/0000-0001-8872-4430 NR 41 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 12 PU AMER PSYCHIATRIC PUBLISHING, INC PI ARLINGTON PA 1000 WILSON BOULEVARD, STE 1825, ARLINGTON, VA 22209-3901 USA SN 0002-953X J9 AM J PSYCHIAT JI Am. J. Psychiat. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 165 IS 1 BP 99 EP 106 PG 8 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA 248VU UT WOS:000252186000019 ER PT J AU DeBerardino, TM Lonergan, KT Brooks, DE AF DeBerardino, Thomas M. Lonergan, Keith T. Brooks, Daniel E. TI Comparison of the split stacked versus the split Achilles allograft for dual femoral tunnel posterior cruciate ligament reconstruction SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE posterior cruciate ligament (PCL); Achilles allograft; split stacked Achilles; dual femoral tunnel ID GRAFT; PLACEMENT; ISOMETRY; TENSION; KNEE AB Background: Cadaveric testing has shown that double-bundle reconstruction better replicates the native anatomy of the posterior cruciate ligament. With the current trend toward allograft Achilles posterior cruciate ligament reconstructions, the need to determine a graft configuration with the highest tensile and pull-out strength has become paramount. Hypothesis: The split stacked Achilles allograft construct provides greater graft material to traverse the notch and provides increased load to failure at the tibial point of fixation compared with a standard monoblock Achilles allograft construct. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: Eight matched pairs of Achilles allograft tendons were secured to 8 matched pairs of fresh-frozen human cadaveric tibiae. Group 1 consisted of single-block grafts (n = 8), and group 2 included the split stacked grafts (n = 8). The cross-sectional area of each graft's 2 collagenous bundles was measured with a micrometer. The graft constructs were pulled to ultimate failure at a rate of 50 mm/min on a materials testing machine. Results: The mean cross-sectional area of the group 2 split stacked grafts (76.6 3.1 mm(2)) was significantly greater than that of the group 1 single-block grafts (48.2 +/- 3.0 mm(2); P =.00006). The maximum load to failure of the group 2 construct was significantly greater (1383 +/- 102 N) than that of the group 1 single-block configuration (1020 136 N; P =.01). Conclusion: These results indicate that the novel split stacked configuration of an Achilles tendon allograft provides a greater cross-sectional area of graft material across the joint as well as a significant increase in the overall load to failure strength compared with a standard monoblock Achilles allograft construct. Clinical Relevance: The split stacked Achilles graft is an efficient method for using the entire allograft. With maintenance and use of all collagen fibers, the split stacked Achilles construct provides essentially 2 grafts in 1 while only using a single tibial tunnel. C1 [DeBerardino, Thomas M.] Keller Army Commun Hosp, West Point, NY 10996 USA. [Lonergan, Keith T.] Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Augusta, GA USA. [Brooks, Daniel E.] US Army Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX USA. RP DeBerardino, TM (reprint author), Keller Army Commun Hosp, 900 Washington Rd, West Point, NY 10996 USA. EM thomas.deberardino@na.amedd.army.mil OI DeBerardino, Thomas/0000-0002-7110-8743 NR 17 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0363-5465 J9 AM J SPORT MED JI Am. J. Sports Med. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 36 IS 1 BP 142 EP 148 DI 10.1177/0363546507307393 PG 7 WC Orthopedics; Sport Sciences SC Orthopedics; Sport Sciences GA 244OT UT WOS:000251875900019 PM 17873155 ER PT J AU Walsworth, MK Doukas, WC Murphy, KP Mielcarek, BJ Michener, LA AF Walsworth, Matthew K. Doukas, William C. Murphy, Kevin P. Mielcarek, Billie J. Michener, Lori A. TI Reliability and diagnostic accuracy of history and physical examination for diagnosing glenoid labral tears SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE labral tear; shoulder; arthroscopy; active compression test; crank test; anterior slide test ID ANTERIOR-POSTERIOR LESIONS; BICEPS LOAD TEST; SLAP LESIONS; CLINICAL-TEST; SUPERIOR LABRUM; SHOULDER; DISORDERS; TESTS AB Background: Glenoid labral tears provide a diagnostic challenge. Hypothesis: Combinations of items in the patient history and physical examination will provide stronger diagnostic accuracy to suggest the presence or absence of glenoid labral tear than will individual items. Study Design: Cohort study (diagnosis); Level of evidence, 1. Methods: History and examination findings in patients with shoulder pain (N = 55) were compared with arthroscopic findings to determine diagnostic accuracy and intertester reliability. Results: The intertester reliability of the crank, anterior slide, and active compression tests was 0.20 to 0.24. A combined history of popping or catching and positive crank or anterior slide results yielded specificities of 0.91 and 1.00 and positive likelihood ratios of 3.0 and infinity, respectively. A positive anterior slide result combined with either a positive active compression or crank result yielded specificities of 0.91 and positive likelihood ratio of 2.75 and 3.75, respectively. Requiring only a single positive finding in the combination of popping or catching and the anterior slide or crank yielded sensitivities of 0.82 and 0.89 and negative likelihood ratios of 0.31 and 0.33, respectively. Conclusion: The diagnostic accuracy of individual tests in previous studies is quite variable, which may be explained in part by the modest reliability of these tests. The combination of popping or catching with a positive crank or anterior slide result or a positive anterior slide result with a positive active compression or crank test result suggests the presence of a labral tear. The combined absence of popping or catching and a negative anterior slide or crank result suggests the absence of a labral tear. C1 [Walsworth, Matthew K.; Michener, Lori A.] Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Med Coll Virginia, Richmond, VA USA. [Doukas, William C.; Mielcarek, Billie J.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC USA. [Murphy, Kevin P.] Heekin Orthoped Specialist, Jacksonville, FL USA. RP Walsworth, MK (reprint author), Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Med Coll Virginia, Dept Phys Therapy, RM 100,W Hosp Basement,1200 E Broad, Richmond, VA 23298 USA. EM walsworthmk@vcu.edu NR 19 TC 24 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 6 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0363-5465 J9 AM J SPORT MED JI Am. J. Sports Med. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 36 IS 1 BP 162 EP 168 DI 10.1177/0363546507307508 PG 7 WC Orthopedics; Sport Sciences SC Orthopedics; Sport Sciences GA 244OT UT WOS:000251875900022 PM 17932402 ER PT J AU Owens, BD Nelson, BJ Taylor, DC AF Owens, Brett D. Nelson, Bradley J. Taylor, Dean C. TI Acute brachial plexus compression after pectoralis major transfer for subscapularis insufficiency SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE subscapularis; pectoralis; tendon; transfer ID IRREPARABLE RUPTURE; MUSCLE AB The operative treatment of subscapularis insufficiency is difficult. In 1997, Wirth and Rockwood(8) reported their technique of pectoralis major transfer in which the pectoralis is transferred superficial to the conjoined tendon. Common complications were reported to include injury to the axillary or musculocutaneous nerves. Resch et al(5) reported a technique modification with pectoralis major transfer deep to the conjoined tendon, which theoretically improved the vector of the transferred tendon. Klepps et al(4) suggested that protection of the musculocutaneous nerve can be achieved by a split pectoralis major transfer, release of the proximal musculocutaneous branches, or debulking of the pectoralis major muscle. We report a case of acute brachial plexus neuropathy after pectoralis major transfer deep to the conjoined tendon. C1 [Owens, Brett D.] US Mil Acad, Keller Army Hosp, Orthoped Surg Serv, West Point, NY USA. [Nelson, Bradley J.] Univ Minnesota, Dept Orthopaed Surg, Minneapolis, MN USA. [Taylor, Dean C.] Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Div Orthopaed Surg, Durham, NC USA. RP Owens, BD (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Keller Army Hosp, West Point, NY 10996 USA. EM b.owens@us.army.mil NR 8 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0363-5465 J9 AM J SPORT MED JI Am. J. Sports Med. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 36 IS 1 BP 173 EP 175 DI 10.1177/0363546507304718 PG 3 WC Orthopedics; Sport Sciences SC Orthopedics; Sport Sciences GA 244OT UT WOS:000251875900024 PM 17641104 ER PT J AU Groves, SS Turell, MJ Bailey, CL Morozov, VN AF Groves, Stephanie S. Turell, Michael J. Bailey, Charles L. Morozov, Victor N. TI Rapid active assay for the detection of antibodies to West Nile virus in chickens SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID LINKED-IMMUNOSORBENT-ASSAY; IMMUNOGLOBULIN-M; ELECTROSPRAY DEPOSITION; INFECTIOUS-DISEASES; ANTIGEN MICROARRAYS; IMMUNOASSAY; SERODIAGNOSIS; ENCEPHALITIS; MOSQUITOS; OUTBREAK AB To reduce the assay time for detecting virus-specific antibodies in serum, we developed microarray-based active immunoassay techniques for detecting West Nile virus (WNV)-specific IgM molecules in chicken blood. The assay uses electrophoretic concentration of IgM molecules onto WNV antigens arrayed on a dialysis membrane followed by detection of bound IgM molecules with functionalized magnetic beads as active labels. This assay takes only 15 minutes and has the same sensitivity as a commercially available human WNV IgM antibody-capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (commonly called a MAC-ELISA) modified for use with chicken sera. C1 [Turell, Michael J.] USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Virol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. [Groves, Stephanie S.; Bailey, Charles L.; Morozov, Victor N.] George Mason Univ, Natl Ctr Biodef & Infect Dis, Manassas, VA 20110 USA. [Morozov, Victor N.] Russian Acad Sci, Inst Theoret & Expt Biophys, Pushchino 142290, Moscow Region, Russia. RP Turell, MJ (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Virol, 1425 Porter St, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM sgrovesl@gmu.edu; mturell@erols.com; cbailey2@gmu.edu; vmorozov@gmu.edu NR 33 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD JAN PY 2008 VL 78 IS 1 BP 63 EP 69 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 250JT UT WOS:000252296700014 PM 18187786 ER EF