FN Thomson Reuters Web of Science™ VR 1.0 PT J AU Friedl, KE AF Friedl, Karl E. TI Overcoming the "valley of death": Mouse models to accelerate translational research SO DIABETES TECHNOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS LA English DT Article C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Friedl, KE (reprint author), USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. EM karl.friedl@us.army.mil OI Friedl, Karl/0000-0002-3134-8427 NR 5 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1520-9156 J9 DIABETES TECHNOL THE JI Diabetes Technol. Ther. PD JUN PY 2006 VL 8 IS 3 BP 413 EP 414 PG 2 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 112MX UT WOS:000242531200017 PM 16800763 ER PT J AU Horwhat, JD Paulson, EK McGrath, K Branch, MS Baillie, J Tyler, D Pappas, T Enns, R Robuck, G Stiffler, H Jowell, P AF Horwhat, JD Paulson, EK McGrath, K Branch, MS Baillie, J Tyler, D Pappas, T Enns, R Robuck, G Stiffler, H Jowell, P TI A randomized comparison of EUS-guided FNA versus CT or US-guided FNA for the evaluation of pancreatic mass lesions SO GASTROINTESTINAL ENDOSCOPY LA English DT Article ID FINE-NEEDLE-ASPIRATION; ENDOSCOPIC ULTRASOUND; DIAGNOSTIC-ACCURACY; COMPUTED-TOMOGRAPHY; HELICAL-CT; BIOPSY; CANCER; CARCINOMA; ULTRASONOGRAPHY; TUMORS AB Background: Diagnosing pancreatic cancer by EUS-FNA is a potentially appealing alternative to percutaneous biopsy Aim; To compare EUS-FNA with CT or US-guided FNA for diagnosing pancreatic cancer. Design: Single center, prospective, randomized, cross-over. Setting: Duke University Medical Center. Population: Eighty-four patients referred with suspicious solid pancreatic mass lesions randomized to CT/US-FNA (n = 43) or EUS-FNA (n = 41). Intervention: Patients underwent an imaging procedure/FNA. If cytology was nondiagnostic, cross over to the other modality was offered. Final outcome was determined by clinical follow-up every 6 months for 2 years and/ or surgical pathology for patients with negative FNA. Main Outcome Measurements: Sensitivity and accuracy of EUS-FNA versus CT/US-FNA for pancreatic cancer. Results: There were 16 true positive (TP) by CT/US-FNA and 21 TP by EUS-FNA. Sixteen of the 20 CT/US-FNA negative patients crossed over to EUS-FNA; 12 underwent FNA, 4 had no mass at EUS. Seven of the 12 had positive EUS-FNA. Eight EUS-FNA negative crossed over to CT/US; 4 had no mass at CT/US, 3 remained true negative throughout follow-up, I had chronic pancreatitis at surgery. The sensitivity of CT/US-FNA and EUS-FNA for detecting malignancy was 62% and 84%, respectively. A comparison of the accuracy for CT/US-FNA and EUS-FNA was not statistically significant (P =.074, chi(2)). Limitations: Failure to meet target enrollment resulted in an inability to demonstrate a statistically significant difference between the 2 modalities. Conclusions: EUS-FNA is numerically (though not quite statistically) superior to CT/US-FNA for the diagnosis of pancreatic malignancy. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Horwhat, JD (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, 6900 Georgia Ave NW,Bldg 2,7F, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 44 TC 85 Z9 92 U1 0 U2 4 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0016-5107 J9 GASTROINTEST ENDOSC JI Gastrointest. Endosc. PD JUN PY 2006 VL 63 IS 7 BP 966 EP 975 DI 10.1016/j.gie.2005.09.028 PG 10 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 050QI UT WOS:000238102600012 PM 16733111 ER PT J AU James, SC Jepsen, RA Beauheim, RL Pedler, WH Mandell, WA AF James, SC Jepsen, RA Beauheim, RL Pedler, WH Mandell, WA TI Simulations to verify horizontal flow measurements from a borehole flowmeter SO GROUND WATER LA English DT Article ID COLLOIDAL BORESCOPE AB This paper reports on experiments and simulations of subsurface flow from a slotted acrylic tube deployed in a sand-tank flow chamber for two different purposes. In the first instance, the slotted tube is used to represent a single fracture intersected by an uncased well. In the second instance, the slotted tube is used to represent a multislot well screen within a porous medium. In both cases, the scanning colloidal borescope flowmeter (SCBFM) measures ground water velocity within the well by imaging colloids traveling through a well to measure their speed and direction. Measurements are compared against model simulations. For the case of a slotted tube representing a single fracture, SCBFM and model results agree with respect to the flow direction and to within a factor of 1.5 for the speed near the well's center. Model and experimental agreement lend confidence that for an uncased well drilled in a fractured-rock medium, a calibrated SCBFM could be used to identify and quantify flowing features. Next, the SCBFM was deployed in a four-column multislotted casing with slots aligned with the flow direction. Another numerical model was developed to estimate the flow field within this well screen to evaluate the potential usefulness of employing the SCBFM in a screened well to estimate flow speed and direction in the surrounding porous medium. Results indicate that if the slots are not aligned with the flow, the SCBFM may only provide order-of-magnitude speed measurements and direction measurements with an uncertainty of approximately +/- 25 degrees. C1 Sandia Natl Labs, Geohydrol Dept, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. Sandia Natl Labs, Repository Performance Dept, Carlsbad, NM 88220 USA. RAS Inc, Golden, CO 80401 USA. USA, Ctr Environm, SFIM AEC ERA, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP James, SC (reprint author), Sandia Natl Labs, Geohydrol Dept, POB 5800, Albuquerque, NM 87185 USA. EM scjames@sandia.gov; rajepse@sandia.gov; rlbeauh@sandia.gov; bpedler@rasinc.org; wayne.mandell@eac.apgea.army.mil OI James, Scott/0000-0001-7955-0491 NR 26 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 2 U2 6 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0017-467X J9 GROUND WATER JI Ground Water PD JUN PY 2006 VL 44 IS 3 BP 394 EP 405 DI 10.1111/j.1745-6584.2005.00140.x PG 12 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Geology; Water Resources GA 036ZQ UT WOS:000237116900009 PM 16681520 ER PT J AU Olmsted, SS Grabenstein, JD Jain, AK Lurie, N AF Olmsted, SS Grabenstein, JD Jain, AK Lurie, N TI Patient experience with, and use of, an electronic monitoring system to assess vaccination responses SO HEALTH EXPECTATIONS LA English DT Article DE electronic monitoring system; health diaries; Internet; public health informatics; smallpox; vaccine; vaccinia ID WEB AB Objective To evaluate the user experience and acceptability of an electronic patient monitoring system. Setting and participants 822 Military and civilian personnel at a health clinic at a major US military headquarters used an Internet and telephone-based electronic monitoring system to report vaccination-site responses and symptoms after receiving the smallpox vaccination. Focus groups of vaccinees were conducted to help develop a survey about the experience that was distributed to 379 vaccinees (96% completion rate). Results Users of the electronic monitoring system reported that it was fast and easy to use and reported they would use a system like this again and recommend an electronic monitoring system to a friend or relative. Most users (84%) were comfortable with a physician tracking their vaccine reaction using their electronic reports, but only half (51%) were comfortable with eliminating the post-vaccination follow-up visit with their health-care provider based on their electronic reports. Conclusions This electronic monitoring system was well received by vaccinees and allowed health-care providers to track the status of vaccinees. However, vaccinees were not comfortable replacing a physician visit with electronic monitoring, at least for the smallpox vaccination. A monitoring system like this may be useful in public health settings, such as mass vaccination or prophylaxis during a bioterrorism event, a pandemic influenza outbreak, or another public health emergency. C1 RAND Corp, Pittsburgh, PA USA. USA, Med Command, Falls Church, VA USA. RAND Corp, Arlington, VA USA. RP Olmsted, SS (reprint author), 4570 5th Ave Suite 600, Pittsburgh, PA USA. EM olmsted@rand.org NR 9 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1369-6513 J9 HEALTH EXPECT JI Health Expect. PD JUN PY 2006 VL 9 IS 2 BP 110 EP 117 DI 10.1111/j.1369-7625.2006.00378.x PG 8 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Health Care Sciences & Services; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 040AT UT WOS:000237351400003 PM 16677190 ER PT J AU Charlton, MR Pockros, PJ Harrison, SA AF Charlton, MR Pockros, PJ Harrison, SA TI Impact of obesity on treatment of chronic hepatitis C SO HEPATOLOGY LA English DT Review ID FATTY LIVER-DISEASE; BODY-MASS INDEX; INTERFERON-ALPHA-2B PLUS RIBAVIRIN; BLOOD MONONUCLEAR-CELLS; INDEPENDENT RISK-FACTOR; WEIGHT-BASED RIBAVIRIN; INSULIN-RESISTANCE; VIRUS-INFECTION; NONALCOHOLIC STEATOHEPATITIS; METABOLIC SYNDROME AB Obesity and the metabolic syndrome have hepatic manifestations, including steatosis and progression of fibrosis. In individuals with chronic hepatitis C, obesity is associated with inflammation, insulin resistance, steatosis, progression of fibrosis, and nonresponse to treatment with interferon or peginterferon alpha and ribavirin. Patients with both hepatitis C and obesity-related nonalcoholic fatty liver disease are at greater risk for more advanced liver disease. We review the mechanisms by which obesity may be associated with decreased efficacy of interferon-based therapies in individuals with chronic hepatitis C and the therapeutic strategies that may increase the effectiveness of these therapies in obese individuals. C1 Mayo Clin & Mayo Fdn, Div Gastroenterol & Hepatol, Coll Med, Rochester, MN 55905 USA. Scripps Clin, Div Gastroenterol Hepatol, La Jolla, CA USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Div Gastroenterol & Hepatol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Charlton, MR (reprint author), Mayo Clin & Mayo Fdn, Div Gastroenterol & Hepatol, Coll Med, 200 1st St SW, Rochester, MN 55905 USA. EM charlton.michael@mayo.edu NR 126 TC 75 Z9 77 U1 1 U2 5 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0270-9139 J9 HEPATOLOGY JI Hepatology PD JUN PY 2006 VL 43 IS 6 BP 1177 EP 1186 DI 10.1002/hep.21239 PG 10 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 048ZG UT WOS:000237984500001 PM 16729327 ER PT J AU Kiesling, EC AF Kiesling, EC TI Corporal punishment in the Greek phalanx and the Roman legion: Modern images and ancient realities SO HISTORICAL REFLECTIONS-REFLEXIONS HISTORIQUES LA English DT Article C1 US Mil Acad, West Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Kiesling, EC (reprint author), US Mil Acad, West Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 31 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU HISTORICAL REFLECTIONS PI ALFRED PA ALFRED UNIV BOX 847, ALFRED, NY 14802 USA SN 0315-7997 J9 HIST REFLECTIONS JI Hist. Reflect.-Reflex. Hist. PD SUM PY 2006 VL 32 IS 2 BP 225 EP 246 PG 22 WC History SC History GA 058WR UT WOS:000238695800002 ER PT J AU Salas, E Wilson, KA Burke, CS Wightman, DC AF Salas, Eduardo Wilson, Katherine A. Burke, C. Shawn Wightman, Dennis C. TI Does crew resource management training work? An update, an extension, and some critical needs SO HUMAN FACTORS LA English DT Article ID COMMERCIAL AVIATION; EMERGENCY-MEDICINE; SIMULATION; PERFORMANCE; COCKPIT; CRISES; SKILLS AB Objective: This review provides the state of crew resource management (CRM) training evaluations since the E. Salas, C. S. Burke, C. A. Bowers, and K. A. Wilson (2001) review and extends it to areas beyond aviation cockpits. Some critical evaluation needs in CRM training are also covered. Background: Because of the purported success of CRM training in aviation, other high-consequence domains have begun to implement CRM training for their workforces. However, the true impact of CRM training in aviation and these other domains has yet to be determined. Method: Using D. L. Kirkpatrick's (1976) framework for evaluating training (i.e., reactions, learning, behavior, and organizational impact), we reviewed 28 published accounts of CRM training to determine its effectiveness within aviation, medicine, offshore oil production and maintenance, shipping/maritime, and nuclear power domains. Results: Findings indicate that CRM training generally produced positive reactions from trainees; however, the impact of training on learning and behavioral changes suggest mixed results across and within domains. Furthermore, and as was found by Salas, Burke, et al. in 2001, we cannot ascertain whether CRM has had an impact on the organization's bottom line (i.e., safety). Conclusion: Based on the results, there are several critical needs that the CRM training community must address before CRM training can have the desired impact on safety: a mandate, access to data, and resources. Application: As CRM training expands to organizations beyond aviation, it is critical that its impact be understood such that it can be improved and achieve the intended results. C1 Univ Cent Florida, Inst Simulat & Training, Orlando, FL 32826 USA. Army Res Inst, Ft Rucker, AL USA. RP Salas, E (reprint author), Univ Cent Florida, Inst Simulat & Training, 3100 Technol Pkwy, Orlando, FL 32826 USA. EM esalas@ist.ucf.edu NR 61 TC 112 Z9 112 U1 5 U2 68 PU HUMAN FACTORS SOC PI SANTA MONICA PA BOX 1369, SANTA MONICA, CA 90406 USA SN 0018-7208 J9 HUM FACTORS JI Hum. Factors PD SUM PY 2006 VL 48 IS 2 BP 392 EP 412 DI 10.1518/001872006777724444 PG 21 WC Behavioral Sciences; Engineering, Industrial; Ergonomics; Psychology, Applied; Psychology SC Behavioral Sciences; Engineering; Psychology GA 061FM UT WOS:000238856700015 PM 16884057 ER PT J AU James, AN Hennessy, S Reggio, B Wiemer, K Larsen, F Cohen, J AF James, AN Hennessy, S Reggio, B Wiemer, K Larsen, F Cohen, J TI The limited importance of pronuclear scoring of human zygotes SO HUMAN REPRODUCTION LA English DT Article DE embryo; live birth; pronuclear morphology scores; Z score; zygote ID IN-VITRO FERTILIZATION; PREIMPLANTATION GENETIC DIAGNOSIS; INTRACYTOPLASMIC SPERM INJECTION; PROSPECTIVE RANDOMIZED-TRIAL; EMBRYO PROTECTION LAW; BLASTOCYST TRANSFER; PREGNANCY RATES; TRANSFER CYCLES; CLEAVAGE STAGE; HUMAN OOCYTES AB BACKGROUND: Several studies have shown a correlation between the pronuclear morphology score (PNMS) and subsequent embryo development and implantation. Embryos with poor pronuclear score, elsewhere referred to as Z3 and Z4, are often not transferred or cryopreserved because it is believed that they have poor pregnancy potential. The objective of this study is to report our data on the use of the pronuclear score and its effect on pregnancy outcome. METHODS: Retrospective analysis of IVF/ICSI-embryo transfer cycles completed over the course of 1 year (n = 334). Comparisons were made only in those groups of patients in whom cohorts of similarly scored PNMS embryos were transferred. The proportion of such homologous cohorts was 104/334 (31%). All other replacements were excluded from final analysis as they were dissimilar as far as PNMS is concerned. Pregnancy outcomes were evaluated. RESULTS: The incidence of live birth resulting from the transfer of single pronuclear score homologous embryo types was 56 (14/25), 41 (13/32), 54 (23/43) and 0% (0/4) for PNMS scores 1, 2, 3 and 4, respectively. There was no correlation between PNMS category of the embryos transferred and live birth rates (P = 0.139). CONCLUSIONS: PNMSs of 1, 2 or 3 do not correlate with live birth rates when assessing unique PNMS embryo transfers. In particular, previously considered poor (type 3) embryos can result in pregnancy with normal live birth rates. Whether type 4 embryos are compatible with normal development remains to be shown. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, ART Inst Washington Inc, Washington, DC 20012 USA. NW Ctr Reprod Sci, Kirkland, WA USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Washington, DC 20012 USA. Tyho Galileo Res Labs & Reprogenet, W Orange, NJ USA. RP James, AN (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, ART Inst Washington Inc, POB 59727, Washington, DC 20012 USA. EM aida.james@na.amedd.army.mil NR 45 TC 29 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 1 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 0268-1161 J9 HUM REPROD JI Hum. Reprod. PD JUN PY 2006 VL 21 IS 6 BP 1599 EP 1604 DI 10.1093/humrep/de1013 PG 6 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology GA 056SO UT WOS:000238545600038 PM 16488905 ER PT J AU Murphey, YL Abul Masrur, M Chen, ZH Zhang, BF AF Murphey, YL Abul Masrur, M Chen, ZH Zhang, BF TI Model-based fault diagnosis in electric drives using machine learning SO IEEE-ASME TRANSACTIONS ON MECHATRONICS LA English DT Article DE electric drives; electric vehicle; field-oriented control (FOC); fuzzy techniques; hybrid vehicle; inverter; machine learning; model-based diagnostics; motor; neural network; power electronics ID INDUCTION-MOTOR DRIVES; SYSTEM AB Electric motor and power electronics-based inverter, are the major components in industrial and automotive electric drives. In this paper, we present a model-based fault diagnostics system developed using a machine learning technology for detecting and locating multiple classes of faults in an electric drive. Power electronics inverter can be considered to be the weakest link in such a system from hardware failure point of view; hence, this work is focused on detecting faults and finding which switches in the inverter cause the faults. A simulation model has been developed based on the theoretical foundations of electric drives to simulate the normal condition, all single-switch and post-short-circuit faults. A machine learning algorithm has been developed to automatically select a set of representative operating points in the (torque, speed) domain, which in turn is sent to the simulated electric drive model to generate signals for the training of a diagnostic neural network, fault diagnostic neural network (FDNN). We validated the capability of the FDNN on data generated by an experimental bench setup. Our research demonstrates that with a robust machine learning approach, a diagnostic system can be trained based on a simulated electric drive model, which can lead to a correct classification of faults over a wide operating domain. C1 Univ Michigan, Dearborn, MI 48128 USA. USA, Tank Automot Rs Dev & Engn Ctr, Warren, MI 48397 USA. RP Murphey, YL (reprint author), Univ Michigan, Dearborn, MI 48128 USA. EM yilu@umich.edu; masrura@tacom.army.mil NR 36 TC 40 Z9 44 U1 5 U2 18 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 1083-4435 J9 IEEE-ASME T MECH JI IEEE-ASME Trans. Mechatron. PD JUN PY 2006 VL 11 IS 3 BP 290 EP 303 DI 10.1109/TMECH.2006.875568 PG 14 WC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering, Manufacturing; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Engineering, Mechanical SC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering GA 058ZX UT WOS:000238704200006 ER PT J AU Lenz, J Edelstein, AS AF Lenz, James Edelstein, Alan S. TI Magnetic sensors and their applications SO IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE anisotropic magnetoresistance; fiuxgate; giant; magnetoresistance; magnetic; magnetic tunnel junctions; magnetoresistance; microelectromechanical systems (MEMS); optically pumped; sensor; spin valves; superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) ID SPIN-VALVE SENSORS; ROOM-TEMPERATURE; TUNNEL-JUNCTIONS; BALLISTIC MAGNETORESISTANCE; GIANT MAGNETOIMPEDANCE; MAGNETOMETER; FILMS; EXCHANGE; SYSTEM; SQUID AB Magnetic sensors can be classified according to whether they measure the total magnetic field or the vector components of the magnetic field. The techniques used to produce both types of magnetic sensors encompass many aspects of physics and electronics. Here, we describe and compare most of the common technologies used for magnetic field sensing. These include search coil, fluxgate, optically pumped, nuclear precession, SQUID, Hall-effect, anisotropic magnetoresistance, giant magnetoresistance, magnetic tunnel junctions, giant magnetoimpedance, magnetostrictive/piezoelectric composites, magnetodiode, magnetotransistor, fiber optic, magnetooptic, and microelectromechanical systems-based magnetic sensors. The usage of these sensors in relation to working with or around Earth's magnetic field is also presented. C1 Univ Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55454 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Lenz, J (reprint author), Univ Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55454 USA. EM lenzjamese@johndeere.com; edelstein@arl.army.mil NR 74 TC 299 Z9 314 U1 27 U2 194 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 1530-437X EI 1558-1748 J9 IEEE SENS J JI IEEE Sens. J. PD JUN PY 2006 VL 6 IS 3 BP 631 EP 649 DI 10.1109/JSEN.2006.874493 PG 19 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 047EB UT WOS:000237861500019 ER PT J AU Ahmad, FH Castellane, RM Miller, EL AF Ahmad, FH Castellane, RM Miller, EL TI Technique for evaluation of profiles of a composite chiral slab through inversion and pseudospectral approximation SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION LA English DT Article ID INHOMOGENEOUS LOSSY MEDIUM; PERMITTIVITY PROFILES; ELECTROMAGNETIC-WAVES; SCATTERING METHOD; GREEN-FUNCTION; MEDIA; RECONSTRUCTION; EQUATION AB In this paper, a technique is developed to simultaneously evaluate the permeability, permittivity and chirality parameter of a composite chiral slab where they are functions of depth of the slab. Additionally, the chirality parameter is a function of frequency. The developed technique is based on the use of the Riccati equation for the reflection coefficient associated with electromagnetic propagation through the slab and the Green functions. The technique also makes use of Nth degree interpolation polynomials to approximate the unknowns using Legendre-Gauss-Lobatto collocation nodes. A numerical example is given through which the application of the technique is utilized. C1 Tarleton State Univ, Engn Phys Program, Stephenville, TX 76402 USA. Ctr Res Dev & Engn, Dept Army, Waterways Expt Stn, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Ahmad, FH (reprint author), Tarleton State Univ, Engn Phys Program, Stephenville, TX 76402 USA. EM ahmad@tarleton.edu NR 31 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0018-926X J9 IEEE T ANTENN PROPAG JI IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag. PD JUN PY 2006 VL 54 IS 6 BP 1709 EP 1717 DI 10.1109/TAP.2006.875485 PG 9 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA 052KK UT WOS:000238232400012 ER PT J AU Yoon, YS Kaplan, LM McClellan, JH AF Yoon, YS Kaplan, LM McClellan, JH TI TOPS: New DOA estimator for wideband signals SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SIGNAL PROCESSING LA English DT Article DE array signal processing; direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation; signal subspace method; wideband sources ID OF-ARRIVAL ESTIMATION; FOCUSING MATRICES; ARRAY; ESPRIT; ALGORITHMS; LOCATION; WAVES; MUSIC AB This paper introduces a new direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation algorithm for wideband sources called test of orthogonality of projected subspaces (TOPS). This new technique estimates DOAs by measuring the orthogonal relation between the signal and the noise subspaces of multiple frequency components of the sources. TOPS can be used with arbitrary shaped one-dimensional (1-D) or two-dimensional (2-D) arrays. Unlike other coherent wideband methods, such as the coherent signal subspace method (CSSM) and WAVES, the new method does not require any preprocessing for initial values. The performance of those wideband techniques and incoherent MUSIC is compared with that of the new method through computer simulations. The simulations show that this new technique performs. better than others in mid signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) ranges, while coherent methods work best in low SNR and incoherent methods work best in high SNR. Thus, TOPS fills a gap between coherent and incoherent methods. C1 Samsung Thales Co Ltd, Yongin 449885, South Korea. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. Georgia Inst Technol, CSIP, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, Atlanta, GA 30318 USA. RP Yoon, YS (reprint author), Samsung Thales Co Ltd, Yongin 449885, South Korea. EM yeosun.yoon@samsung.com; lkaplan@arl.army.mil; jim.mcclellan@ece.gatech.edu NR 31 TC 80 Z9 108 U1 3 U2 12 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 1053-587X J9 IEEE T SIGNAL PROCES JI IEEE Trans. Signal Process. PD JUN PY 2006 VL 54 IS 6 BP 1977 EP 1989 DI 10.1109/TSP.2006.872581 PN 1 PG 13 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA 047SW UT WOS:000237900000002 ER PT J AU Graham, JR Wright, BS Rezk, PE Gordon, RK Sciuto, AM Nambiar, MP AF Graham, JR Wright, BS Rezk, PE Gordon, RK Sciuto, AM Nambiar, MP TI Butyrylcholinesterase in guinea pig lung lavage: A novel biomarker to assess lung injury following inhalation exposure to nerve agent VX SO INHALATION TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID NOSE-ONLY EXPOSURE; ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE PROPHYLAXIS; ORGANOPHOSPHATE TOXICITY; CHOLESTEROL ESTERASE; SOMAN STEREOISOMERS; CHOLINERGIC SYSTEM; TOKYO SUBWAY; SARIN GB; VAPOR; MICE AB Respiratory disturbances play a central role in chemical warfare nerve agent (CWNA) induced toxicity; they are the starting point of mass casualty and the major cause of death. We developed a microinstillation technique of inhalation exposure to nerve agent VX and assessed lung injury by biochemical analysis of the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF). Here we demonstrate that normal guinea pig BALF has a significant amount of cholinesterase activity. Treatment with Huperzine A, a specific inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase (AChE), showed that a minor fraction of BALF cholinesterase is AChE. Furthermore, treatment with tetraisopropyl pyrophosphoramide (iso-OMPA), a specific inhibitor of butyrylcholinesterase (BChE), inhibited more than 90% of BChE activity, indicating the predominance of BChE in BALF. A predominance of BChE expression in the lung lavage was seen in both genders. Substrate specific inhibition indicated that nearly 30% of the cholinesterase in lung tissue homogenate is AChE. BALF and lung tissue AChE and BChE activities were strongly inhibited in guinea pigs exposed for 5 min to 70.4 and 90.4 mu g/m(3) VX and allowed to recover for 15 min. In contrast, BALF AChE activity was increased 63% and 128% and BChE activity was increased 77% and 88% after 24 h of recovery following 5 min inhalation exposure to 70.4 mu g/m(3) and 90.4 mg/m(3) VX, respectively. The increase in BALF AChE and BChE activity was dose dependent. Since BChE is synthesized in the liver and present in the plasma, an increase in BALF indicates endothelial barrier injury and leakage of plasma into lung interstitium. Therefore, a measure of increased levels of AChE and BChE in the lung lavage can be used to determine the chronology of barrier damage as well as the extent of lung injury following exposure to chemical warfare nerve agents. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Biochem Pharmacol, Div Biochem, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Edgewood, MD USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD USA. RP Nambiar, MP (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Biochem, DBIII-1320, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM Madhusoodana.nambiar@na.amedd.army.mil NR 37 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 4 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0895-8378 J9 INHAL TOXICOL JI Inhal. Toxicol. PD JUN PY 2006 VL 18 IS 7 BP 493 EP 500 DI 10.1080/08958370600602116 PG 8 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 031JP UT WOS:000236701000004 PM 16603480 ER PT J AU Vaidya, UK Gautam, ARS Hosur, M Dutta, P AF Vaidya, UK Gautam, ARS Hosur, M Dutta, P TI Experimental-numerical studies of transverse impact response of adhesively bonded lap joints in composite structures SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADHESION AND ADHESIVES LA English DT Article DE adhesively bonded joint; transverse impact; composite materials ID STRENGTH AB Adhesively bonded joints in structures are subjected to in-plane and out-of-plane loads. In this work, the response of a balanced, single-lap adhesively bonded joint to a transverse normal impact load was investigated by means of LS-DYNA 3D finite element software and supporting experiments. The finite element model is based on cohesive failure in the bonded joint when the ultimate failure strain of the adhesive under transverse normal load is reached. It was found that the transverse normal load results in higher peel stress concentration in the adhesive layer as compared to in-plane loading. The increase in peel stress is due to considerable deflection of the joint under transverse normal load. Unlike in-plane loading, the stress distribution in the adhesive layer for a transverse impact load was observed to be asymmetric. The nature of the peel stress was found to vary from tensile near the edge of the lower adherend to compressive along the edge of upper adherend. The cohesive failure of the joint always initiated from the adhesive edge under tensile stress. Experiments involving low velocity impact (LVI) tests were carried out on the bonded joint to verify the results from the finite element model. The joint was prepared with carbon/epoxy adherends and three adhesives, namely, Resinfusion(R) 8604 epoxy, two part paste adhesive Magnabond(R) 6398, and 7 wt% montmorillonite nanoclay-reinforced Resinfusion(R) 8604 epoxy. The addition of nanoclay was found to increase the Young's modulus of the adhesive by similar to 20% while decreasing the ultimate failure strain by similar to 33%. However, no significant difference in the failure energy was observed for the joint fabricated with neat epoxy versus that fabricated with nanoclay-reinforced epoxy. Failure energy of the joint with Magnabond paste adhesive was found to be highest of the three adhesives investigated. (C) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Alabama, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. Tuskegee Univ, Ctr Adv Mat, Tuskegee, AL 36088 USA. USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Vaidya, UK (reprint author), Univ Alabama, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. EM uvaidya@uab.edu NR 17 TC 52 Z9 55 U1 2 U2 15 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0143-7496 J9 INT J ADHES ADHES JI Int. J. Adhes. Adhes. PD JUN PY 2006 VL 26 IS 3 BP 184 EP 198 DI 10.1016/j.ijadhadh.2005.03.013 PG 15 WC Engineering, Chemical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Materials Science GA 985LK UT WOS:000233378800008 ER PT J AU Sahu, J Heavey, KR AF Sahu, Jubaraj Heavey, Karen R. TI Unsteady CFD modeling of micro-adaptive flow control for an axisymmetric body SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF COMPUTATIONAL FLUID DYNAMICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 13th Annual Conference of the CFD-Society-of-Canada CY JUL 31-AUG 02, 2005 CL St Johns, CANADA SP CDF Soc Canada DE CFD; unsteady aerodynamics; RANS/LES; flow control; synthetic jet AB This paper describes a computational study undertaken, as part of a grand challenge project, to consider the aerodynamic effect of micro-adaptive flow control as a means to provide the divert authority needed to maneuver a projectile at a low subsonic speed. A time-accurate Navier-Stokes computational technique has been used to obtain numerical solutions for the unsteady micro-jet-interaction flow field for the axisymmetric projectile body at subsonic speeds, Mach = 0.11 and 0.24 and angles of attack, 0-4 degrees. Numerical solutions have been obtained using both Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) and a hybrid RANS[Large Eddy Simulation (LES) turbulence models. Unsteady numerical results show the effect of the jet on the flow field and the aerodynamic coefficients, in particular the lift force. This research has provided an increased fundamental understanding of the complex, three-dimensional (3D), time-dependent, aerodynamic interactions associated with micro-jet control for yawing spin-stabilized munitions. C1 USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Sahu, J (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. EM sahu@arl.army.mil NR 19 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 5 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1061-8562 J9 INT J COMPUT FLUID D JI Int. J. Comput. Fluid Dyn. PD JUN PY 2006 VL 20 IS 5 BP 271 EP 278 DI 10.1080/10618560600898312 PG 8 WC Mechanics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Mechanics; Physics GA 103OJ UT WOS:000241896300002 ER PT J AU Waibel, KH Walsh, DS AF Waibel, KH Walsh, DS TI Smallpox vaccination site complications SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Article ID BASAL CELL EPITHELIOMA; DERMATOFIBROSARCOMA PROTUBERANS; HYPERTROPHIC SCARS; MALIGNANT TUMORS; FACTOR XIIIA; SKIN-CANCER; KELOIDS; ASSOCIATION; EXPRESSION; JADASSOHN AB The typical resolution of the smallpox vaccination site is a smooth scar, a sequela that is discussed during prevaccination counseling. In addition, other types of lesion may develop at the scar site, including short- or long-term benign and malignant changes, as reviewed below. Although current recommendations do not discuss potential scar complications or scar surveillance, healthcare providers would benefit from an awareness of these potential complications, and should consider periodic scar surveillance as part of a general physical examination. C1 Dwight D Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Allergy Immunol Serv, Dept Med, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. Dwight D Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Serv Dermatol, Dept Med, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. RP Waibel, KH (reprint author), Dwight D Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Allergy Immunol Serv, Dept Med, 8th Floor,300 Hosp Rd, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. EM kirk.waibel@se.amedd.army.mil NR 59 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0011-9059 J9 INT J DERMATOL JI Int. J. Dermatol. PD JUN PY 2006 VL 45 IS 6 BP 684 EP 688 DI 10.1111/j.1365-4632.2005.02627.x PG 5 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 048EJ UT WOS:000237930100011 PM 16796628 ER PT J AU Waibel, KH Walsh, DS AF Waibel, KH Walsh, DS TI Smallpox vaccination site reactions: two cases of exaggerated scarring and a brief review SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Review ID SCARS C1 Dwight D Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Allergy Immunol Serv, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. Dwight D Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Dermatol Serv, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. RP Waibel, KH (reprint author), Dwight D Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Allergy Immunol Serv, 8th Floor,300 Hosp Rd, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. EM kirk.waibel@se.amedd.army.mil NR 13 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0011-9059 J9 INT J DERMATOL JI Int. J. Dermatol. PD JUN PY 2006 VL 45 IS 6 BP 764 EP 765 DI 10.1111/j.1365-4632.2004.02437.x PG 2 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 048EJ UT WOS:000237930100030 PM 16796647 ER PT J AU Oja, V Hajaligol, MR Waymack, BE AF Oja, V Hajaligol, MR Waymack, BE TI The vaporization of semi-volatile compounds during tobacco pyrolysis SO JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL AND APPLIED PYROLYSIS LA English DT Article DE biomass; biopolymers; high molecular weight; pyrolysis; tobacco; vaporization ID IONIZATION MASS-SPECTROMETRY; POLYCYCLIC-AROMATIC-HYDROCARBONS; CELLULOSE; BIOMASS; KINETICS; LIGNIN; SMOKE AB Pyrolysis of tobacco, a complex biomass matrix, was investigated to further understand thermal decomposition processes that are accompanied by evaporation of relatively stable non-polymeric endogenous compounds. Pyrolysis of two types of tobacco, bright and burley were studied using thermo-gravimetry mass spectrometry (TG-MS) and field ionization mass spectrometry (FIMS) analyses. Tobacco contains biopolymers and many non-polymeric compounds. Unlike many biomass pyrolysis tars derived from wood or cellulose, tobacco pyrolysis tars can contain significant amounts of high molecular weight endogenous constituents such as waxes and terpenes that are transferred intact. The phenomenon of evaporation of high molecular weight non-polymeric compounds is illustrated by tobacco micro-sample pyrolysis in FIMS under vacuum (at a pressure of 10(-4) Torr). These experiments indicate that the evaporation of relatively stable high molecular weight species occurs below about 220 degrees C generating 300 Da and higher molecular weight products; and, decomposition of tobacco biopolymers such as starch, cellulose, hemicellulose, lignin, and pectin occurs mostly at temperatures higher than 220 degrees C producing species mostly with molecular weight below 300 Da. Some of the high molecular weight compounds, such as stigmasterol (412 Da), alpha-tocopherol (430 Da), and solanesol (630 Da), were tentatively identified using the FIMS spectra. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Philip Morris Inc, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, Richmond, VA 23261 USA. Tallinn Univ Technol, EE-200108 Tallinn, Estonia. RP Hajaligol, MR (reprint author), Philip Morris Inc, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, 4210 Commerce Rd,POB 26583, Richmond, VA 23261 USA. EM mohammad.r.hajaligol@pmusa.com NR 26 TC 24 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 18 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0165-2370 EI 1873-250X J9 J ANAL APPL PYROL JI J. Anal. Appl. Pyrolysis PD JUN PY 2006 VL 76 IS 1-2 BP 117 EP 123 DI 10.1016/j.jaap.2005.08.005 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Spectroscopy SC Chemistry; Spectroscopy GA 021TF UT WOS:000236007900016 ER PT J AU Xiao, D Kim, KW Lazzi, G Zavada, JM AF Xiao, D Kim, KW Lazzi, G Zavada, JM TI Tunable waveguiding in electrically programmable VO2-based photonic crystals SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID METAL PHASE-TRANSITION; INSULATOR-TRANSITION; BAND-GAP; VO2; OXIDES AB The feasibility of electrically programmable waveguiding in a photonic crystal (PC) is explored based on the metal-insulator transition of vanadium dioxide (VO2). Unlike the ordinary PCs, wave propagation in the desired structure may be switched on/off or redirected by applying an electrical bias on the selective electrodes by taking advantage of the electrically induced VO2 phase transition and subsequent modulation of dielectric properties. The characteristics of the two-dimensional VO2-based PCs with line defects are analyzed using the iterative plane wave and finite difference time domain methods. Particularly, the influence of the Drude relaxation on waveguiding is examined as the high rate typical for metallic VO2 can lead to the signal loss. An optimized structure is proposed to minimize the loss and simplify the fabrication. (c) 2006 American Institute of Physics. C1 N Carolina State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Xiao, D (reprint author), N Carolina State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. EM kwk@eos.ncsu.edu NR 21 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 10 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD JUN 1 PY 2006 VL 99 IS 11 AR 113106 DI 10.1080/1.2200873 PG 4 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 053OQ UT WOS:000238314900007 ER PT J AU Chain, PSG Hu, P Malfatti, SA Radnedge, L Larimer, F Vergez, LM Worsham, P Chu, MC Andersen, GL AF Chain, PSG Hu, P Malfatti, SA Radnedge, L Larimer, F Vergez, LM Worsham, P Chu, MC Andersen, GL TI Complete genome sequence of Yersinia pestis strains Antiqua and Nepal516: Evidence of gene reduction in an emerging pathogen SO JOURNAL OF BACTERIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ELONGATION-FACTOR TU; ESCHERICHIA-COLI K-12; PLAGUE PANDEMICS; PSEUDOTUBERCULOSIS; IDENTIFICATION; EVOLUTION; SYSTEM; DUPLICATION; SALMONELLA; ORIENTALIS AB Yersinia pestis, the causative agent of bubonic and pneumonic plagues, has undergone detailed study at the molecular level. To further investigate the genomic diversity among this group and to help characterize lineages of the plague organism that have no sequenced members, we present here the genomes of two isolates of the '' classical '' antiqua biovar, strains Antiqua and Nepal516. The genomes of Antiqua and Nepal516 are 4.7 Mb and 4.5 Mb and encode 4,138 and 3,956 open reading frames, respectively. Though both strains belong to one of the three classical biovars, they represent separate lineages defined by recent phylogenetic studies. We compare all five currently sequenced Y. pestis genomes and the corresponding features in Yersinia pseudotuberculosis. There are strain-specific rearrangements, insertions, deletions, single nucleotide polymorphisms, and a unique distribution of insertion sequences. We found 453 single nucleotide polymorphisms in protein-coding regions, which were used to assess the evolutionary relationships of these Y. pestis strains. Gene reduction analysis revealed that the gene deletion processes are under selective pressure, and many of the inactivations are probably related to the organism's interaction with its host environment. The results 14 presented here clearly demonstrate the differences between the two biovar antiqua lineages and support the notion that grouping Y. pestis strains based strictly on the classical definition of biovars (predicated upon two biochemical assays) does not accurately reflect the phylogenetic relationships within this species. A comparison of four virulent Y. pestis strains with the human-avirulent strain 91001 provides further insight into the genetic basis of virulence to humans. C1 Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Ctr Environm Biotechnol, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Biosci Directorate, Livermore, CA 94550 USA. Joint Genome Inst, Walnut Creek, CA USA. Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Life Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Ft Collins, CO 80522 USA. RP Andersen, GL (reprint author), Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Ctr Environm Biotechnol, 1 Cyclotron Rd,Mail Stop 70A3317, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM GLAndersen@lbl.gov RI chain, patrick/B-9777-2013; Andersen, Gary/G-2792-2015 OI Andersen, Gary/0000-0002-1618-9827 NR 47 TC 100 Z9 1532 U1 2 U2 19 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0021-9193 J9 J BACTERIOL JI J. Bacteriol. PD JUN PY 2006 VL 188 IS 12 BP 4453 EP 4463 DI 10.1128/JB.00124-06 PG 11 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 051PV UT WOS:000238173900031 PM 16740952 ER PT J AU Rodriguez, B Holzinger, KA Le, LH Winkle, RK Allen, RD AF Rodriguez, Brandon Holzinger, Karl A. Le, Lam H. Winkle, R. Kevin Allen, Ronald D. TI Mycobacterium chelonae keratitis after laser-assisted subepithelial keratectomy SO JOURNAL OF CATARACT AND REFRACTIVE SURGERY LA English DT Article ID IN-SITU KERATOMILEUSIS AB A 24-year-old man with myopic astigmatism had uncomplicated laser-assisted subepithelial keratectomy (LASEK) in October 2004. Approximately 4 weeks later, a foreign-body sensation and redness developed in the left eye. A paracentral anterior stromal infiltrate was observed, and Gram stain on the day of presentation showed branching filamentous gram-positive rods. Cultures subsequently grew Mycobacterium chelonae. Topical tobramycin 15 mg/mL, azithromycin 2 mg/mL, amikacin 25 mg/mL, and cefazolin 50 mg/mL were initiated based on Gram stain results. We believe this is the first documented case of M chelonae keratitis after LASEK. C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Ophthalmol, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. RP Holzinger, KA (reprint author), 95-1015 Meanui St, Mililani, HI 96789 USA. NR 10 TC 11 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0886-3350 J9 J CATARACT REFR SURG JI J. Cataract. Refract. Surg. PD JUN PY 2006 VL 32 IS 6 BP 1059 EP 1061 DI 10.1016/j.jcrs.2006.03.011 PG 3 WC Ophthalmology; Surgery SC Ophthalmology; Surgery GA 065DQ UT WOS:000239140000034 PM 16814072 ER PT J AU Wiedenman, N Dharan, CKH AF Wiedenman, N. Dharan, C. K. H. TI Ballistic penetration of compressively loaded composite plates SO JOURNAL OF COMPOSITE MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE compressive prestrain; ballistic penetration; simultaneous loading; composite materials; glass fiber-reinforced ID LAMINATED KEVLAR; PROJECTILES; IMPACT AB The effects of ballistic penetration on woven E-glass fiber-reinforced epoxy laminates subjected simultaneously to in-plane compressive loading were investigated. A portable hydraulic press and fixture was designed to apply compressive preloads during ballistic penetration. A civilian version of the US Army's M4 carbine was used for the ballistic tests where penetration velocities were well above the ballistic limit for 5.56 mm projectiles. Compression-only data were initially obtained to characterize the various modes of damage. Samples without simultaneous compressive preload were subjected to ballistic penetration alone and then compressively loaded to failure. Finally, samples that had previously undergone ballistic testing at varying levels of compressive preloads were loaded in compression to determine the residual compressive failure strength. For simultaneous loading, samples were subjected to a specified compressive preload while a projectile was fired through the center of the sample. This study finds that the effect of simultaneous preload and ballistic penetration results in a greater extent of damage propagation than for ballistic penetration alone, increasing the possibility of initiating buckling failure of the loaded plate. The equivalent ballistic limit velocity for a given laminate and thickness is also likely to be reduced with increasing preload in composite laminates. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mech Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. US Mil Acad, Dept Civil & Mech Engn, West Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Dharan, CKH (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Mech Engn, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. EM dharan@me.berkeley.edu NR 16 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 3 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD PI LONDON PA 1 OLIVERS YARD, 55 CITY ROAD, LONDON EC1Y 1SP, ENGLAND SN 0021-9983 J9 J COMPOS MATER JI J. Compos Mater. PD JUN PY 2006 VL 40 IS 12 BP 1041 EP 1061 PG 21 WC Materials Science, Composites SC Materials Science GA 060QU UT WOS:000238817500001 ER PT J AU Lu, SCY Li, QF Case, M Grobler, F AF Lu, SCY Li, QF Case, M Grobler, F TI A socio-technical framework for collaborative product development SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTING AND INFORMATION SCIENCE IN ENGINEERING LA English DT Article AB Human behavior dynamics impact technical decisions that cause societal changes, which, in turn, shape social dynamics to influence future technical decisions. This paper presents a socio-technical framework, based on the Engineering as Collaborative Negotiation paradigm. Collaborative product development is viewed as a socially mediated technical activity aiming to achieve a human purpose and modeled as a dynamic co-construction process, where stakeholders' perspectives continuously evolve to form a share reality through collaborative negotiations. The paper introduces the socio-technical framework, the socio-technical co-construction process, and its software implementation. It also reports the applications of this research in the facility planning and development domain. C1 Univ So Calif, Dept Aerosp & Mech Engn, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. USA, Construct Engn Res Lab, Champaign, IL 61826 USA. RP Lu, SCY (reprint author), Univ So Calif, Dept Aerosp & Mech Engn, OHE 430, Los Angeles, CA 90089 USA. NR 36 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 4 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA SN 1530-9827 J9 J COMPUT INF SCI ENG JI J. Comput. Inf. Sci. Eng. PD JUN PY 2006 VL 6 IS 2 BP 160 EP 169 DI 10.1115/1.2194912 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Engineering, Manufacturing SC Computer Science; Engineering GA 054MD UT WOS:000238380100008 ER PT J AU Sivananthan, S Dhar, NK Anter, Y AF Sivananthan, S. Dhar, N. K. Anter, Y. TI 2005 US Workshop on the Physics and Chemistry of II-VI Materials - Foreword SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Univ Illinois, Microphys Lab, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Sivananthan, S (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Microphys Lab, MC 273, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 0361-5235 J9 J ELECTRON MATER JI J. Electron. Mater. PD JUN PY 2006 VL 35 IS 6 BP 1139 EP 1139 DI 10.1007/s11664-006-0232-8 PG 1 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA 060RN UT WOS:000238819400001 ER PT J AU Smith, EPG Patten, EA Goetz, PM Venzor, GM Roth, JA Nosho, BZ Benson, JD Stoltz, AJ Varesi, JB Jensen, JE Johnson, SM Radford, WA AF Smith, E. P. G. Patten, E. A. Goetz, P. M. Venzor, G. M. Roth, J. A. Nosho, B. Z. Benson, J. D. Stoltz, A. J. Varesi, J. B. Jensen, J. E. Johnson, S. M. Radford, W. A. TI Fabrication and characterization of two-color midwavelength/long wavelength HgCdTe infrared detectors SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT US Workshop on the Physics and Chemistry of II-VI Materials CY SEP 20-22, 2005 CL Cambridge, MA SP US Army CECOM Night Vision Elect Sensors Diretorate, US Army Res Lab, US Army SMDC, US Navy Electro-Opt Ctr, Penn State Applied Res Lab, Office Naval Res, Air Force Res Lab, Minerals Metals Materials Soc DE HgCdTe; infrared detectors; molecular beam epitaxy (MBE); two-color; inductively coupled plasma (ICP) ID FOCAL-PLANE ARRAYS; PHOTOVOLTAIC DETECTORS AB High-performance 20-mu m unit-cell two-color detectors using an n-p(+)-n HgCdTe triple-layer heterojunction (TLHJ) device architecture grown by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) on (211)-oriented CdZnTe substrates with midwave-length (MW) infrared and long wavelength (LW) infrared spectral bands have been demonstrated. Detectors with nominal MW and LW cut-off wavelengths of 5.5 mu m and 10.5 mu m, respectively, exhibit 78 K LW performance with > 70 % quantum efficiency, reverse bias dark currents below 300 pA, and RA products (zero field of view, 150-mV bias) in excess of 1 X 10(3) Omega cm(2). Temperature-dependent current-voltage (I-V) detector measurements show diffusion-limited LW dark current performance extending to temperatures below 70 K with good operating bias stability (150 mV 50 mV). These results reflect the successful implementation of MBE-grown TLHJ detector designs and the introduction of advanced photolithography techniques with inductively coupled plasma (ICP) etching to achieve high aspect ratio mesa delineation of individual detector elements with benefits to detector performance. These detector improvements complement the development of high operability large format 640 X 480 and 1280 X 720 two-color HgCdTe infrared focal plane arrays (FPAs) to support third generation forward looking infrared (FLIR) systems. C1 Raytheon Vis Syst, Goleta, CA 93117 USA. HRL Labs LLC, Malibu, CA 90265 USA. USA, NVESD, RDECOM CERDEC, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. RP Smith, EPG (reprint author), Raytheon Vis Syst, Goleta, CA 93117 USA. EM edward_p_smith@raytheon.com NR 12 TC 28 Z9 30 U1 1 U2 8 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 0361-5235 J9 J ELECTRON MATER JI J. Electron. Mater. PD JUN PY 2006 VL 35 IS 6 BP 1145 EP 1152 DI 10.1007/s11664-006-0234-6 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA 060RN UT WOS:000238819400003 ER PT J AU Almeida, LA Groenert, M Markunas, J Dinan, JH AF Almeida, L. A. Groenert, M. Markunas, J. Dinan, J. H. TI Influence of substrate orientation on the growth of HgCdTe by molecular beam epitaxy SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT US Workshop on the Physics and Chemistry of II-VI Materials CY SEP 20-22, 2005 CL Cambridge, MA SP US Army CECOM Night Vision Elect Sensors Diretorate, US Army Res Lab, US Army SMDC, US Navy Electro-Opt Ctr, Penn State Applied Res Lab, Office Naval Res, Air Force Res Lab, Minerals Metals Materials Soc DE HgCdTe; molecular beam epitaxy (MBE); substrate orientation AB An empirical study is reported, wherein HgCdTe was deposited simultaneously on multiple CdZnTe substrates of different orientations by molecular beam epitaxy. These orientations included the following vicinal surfaces: (115)B, (113)B, (112)B, and (552)B. Additionally, growth on (111)B was explored. Growth conditions found to be nearly optimal for the standard (112)B orientation were selected. Through a series of growth runs, substrate temperature was varied, and the physical properties of the resulting HgCdTe epilayers were measured. These measurements included Nomarski microscopy, infrared transmission, x-ray diffraction, and defect decoration etching. The properties of HgCdTe epilayers as a function of temperature were roughly similar for all vicinal surfaces. Namely, as the temperature increased, the dislocation density decreased. At some critical temperature, the density of void defects increased dramatically. This critical temperature varied with orientation, the (115)B exhibiting the lowest critical temperature and the (112)B and (552)B exhibiting the highest. The (115)B, (113)B, and (112)B orientations exhibited "needlelike" defects on the as-grown HgCdTe surface. The density of these defects decreased with increasing temperature. The (552)B surface exhibited no such defects and growth behavior nearly identical to the (112)B growth surface. C1 USA, RDECOM, CERDEC NVESD, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. RP Almeida, LA (reprint author), USA, RDECOM, CERDEC NVESD, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. EM tony.almeida@nvl.army.mil NR 7 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 6 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 0361-5235 J9 J ELECTRON MATER JI J. Electron. Mater. PD JUN PY 2006 VL 35 IS 6 BP 1214 EP 1218 DI 10.1007/s11664-006-0243-5 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA 060RN UT WOS:000238819400012 ER PT J AU Campo, EM Nakahara, S Hierl, T Hwang, JCM Chen, YP Brill, G Dhar, NK Vaithyanathan, V Schlom, DG Fang, XM Fastenau, JM AF Campo, Eva M. Nakahara, Shohei Hierl, Thomas Hwang, James C. M. Chen, Yuanping Brill, Gregory Dhar, Nibir K. Vaithyanathan, Venu Schlom, Darrell G. Fang, Xu-Ming Fastenau, Joel M. TI Epitaxial growth of CdTe on Si through perovskite oxide buffers SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT US Workshop on the Physics and Chemistry of II-VI Materials CY SEP 20-22, 2005 CL Cambridge, MA SP US Army CECOM Night Vision Elect Sensors Diretorate, US Army Res Lab, US Army SMDC, US Navy Electro-Opt Ctr, Penn State Applied Res Lab, Office Naval Res, Air Force Res Lab, Minerals Metals Materials Soc DE CdTe; CdZnTe; CdSeTe; molecular beam epitaxy (MBE); perovskite; atomic force microscopy (AFM); electron microscopy ID SUBSTRATE; MBE AB For the first time, nanometer-thin perovskite oxide buffers have been used to accommodate the lattice mismatch between CdTe epitaxial layers and Si substrates. The resulting CdTe is single crystal with quality comparable to that grown by the more mature technology using micron-thick ZnTe or CdTe buffers. This shows that the use of nanometer-thin perovskite oxide buffers is a promising approach for the epitaxial growth of II-VI compounds on Si. C1 Lehigh Univ, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA 16803 USA. IQE LLC, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA. RP Campo, EM (reprint author), Lehigh Univ, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA. EM campoem@seas.upenn.edu RI Brill, Gregory/G-4877-2013; Schlom, Darrell/J-2412-2013 OI Schlom, Darrell/0000-0003-2493-6113 NR 14 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 2 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 0361-5235 J9 J ELECTRON MATER JI J. Electron. Mater. PD JUN PY 2006 VL 35 IS 6 BP 1219 EP 1223 DI 10.1007/s11664-006-0244-4 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA 060RN UT WOS:000238819400013 ER PT J AU Groenert, ME Markunas, JK AF Groenert, M. E. Markunas, J. K. TI CdZnTe graded buffer layers for HgCdTe/Si integration SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT US Workshop on the Physics and Chemistry of II-VI Materials CY SEP 20-22, 2005 CL Cambridge, MA SP US Army CECOM Night Vision Elect Sensors Diretorate, US Army Res Lab, US Army SMDC, US Navy Electro-Opt Ctr, Penn State Applied Res Lab, Office Naval Res, Air Force Res Lab, Minerals Metals Materials Soc DE CdZnTe; CdTe/Si; dislocations; tilt; graded buffer Z ID MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY; DISLOCATION DENSITY; SI; GROWTH; REDUCTION; CDTE; TE AB To investigate the potential benefits of compositional grading for dislocation control in CdTe/Si growth, Cd1-xZnxTe buffer layers with x graded smoothly from 1 to 0 have been deposited on Si (211) surfaces. Growth has been characterized using reflection high-energy electron diffraction (RHEED), x-ray diffraction (XRD), and etch pit density measurements. XRD showed an increase in rocking curve full-width at half-maximum (FVMM) and global lattice tilt with decreasing x values. Tilt was also observed to increase as buffer growth temperature was increased. Final surface dislocation densities did not decrease below 7 X 10(6) cm(-2). EPD surface dislocation measurements showed reduced dislocation densities and dislocation clustering along the [1 (1) over bar0] and [(1) over bar 10] lines for CdTe cap layers grown on partially graded Cd1-xZnxTe buffer layers with slow compositional grading rates. Samples grown with faster grading rates showed higher final EPD values, with dislocations clustering along the [31 (2) over bar] and [(1) over bar(3) over bar2] lines. C1 USA, RDECOM, CERDEC NVESD, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. RP Groenert, ME (reprint author), USA, RDECOM, CERDEC NVESD, 10221 Burbeck Rd, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. EM michael.groenert@nvl.army.mil NR 17 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 3 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 0361-5235 J9 J ELECTRON MATER JI J. Electron. Mater. PD JUN PY 2006 VL 35 IS 6 BP 1287 EP 1292 DI 10.1007/s11664-006-0256-0 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA 060RN UT WOS:000238819400025 ER PT J AU Kiran, R Mallick, S Hahn, SR Lee, TS Sivananthan, S Ghosh, S Wijewarnasuriya, PS AF Kiran, Rajni Mallick, Shubhrangshu Hahn, Suk-Ryong Lee, T. S. Sivananthan, Sivalingam Ghosh, Siddhartha Wijewarnasuriya, P. S. TI Passivation effect on optical and electrical properties of molecular beam epitaxy-grown HgCdTe/CdTe/Si layers SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT US Workshop on the Physics and Chemistry of II-VI Materials CY SEP 20-22, 2005 CL Cambridge, MA SP US Army CECOM Night Vision Elect Sensors Diretorate, US Army Res Lab, US Army SMDC, US Navy Electro-Opt Ctr, Penn State Applied Res Lab, Office Naval Res, Air Force Res Lab, Minerals Metals Materials Soc DE CdTe; minority carrier lifetime; 1/f noise; passivation; surface recombination velocity; ZnS ID MINORITY-CARRIER LIFETIME; MERCURY CADMIUM TELLURIDE; INFRARED DETECTORS; HGCDTE; RECOMBINATION; ARRAYS AB The effects of passivation. with two different passivants, ZnS and CdTe, and two different passivation techniques, physical vapor deposition (PVD) and molecular beam epitaxy (MBE), were quantified in terms of the minority carrier lifetime and extracted surface recombination velocity on both MBE-grown medium-wavelength ir (MWIR) and long-wavelength ir HgCdTe samples. A gradual increment of the minority carrier lifetime was reported as the passivation technique was changed from PVD ZnS to PVD CdTe, and finally to MBE CdTe, especially at low temperatures. A corresponding reduction in the extracted surface recombination velocity in the same order was also reported for the first time. Initial data on the 1/f noise values of as-grown MWIR samples showed a reduction of two orders of noise power after 1200-angstrom ZnS deposition. C1 Univ Illinois, Microphys Lab, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. Univ Illinois, Spintron Lab, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Kiran, R (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Microphys Lab, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. EM rajnik@uie.edu NR 17 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 4 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 0361-5235 J9 J ELECTRON MATER JI J. Electron. Mater. PD JUN PY 2006 VL 35 IS 6 BP 1379 EP 1384 DI 10.1007/s11664-006-0271-1 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA 060RN UT WOS:000238819400040 ER PT J AU Boieriu, P Grein, CH Garland, J Velicu, S Fulk, C Stoltz, A Bubulac, L Dinan, JH Sivananthan, S AF Boieriu, P. Grein, C. H. Garland, J. Velicu, S. Fulk, C. Stoltz, A. Bubulac, L. Dinan, J. H. Sivananthan, S. TI Effects of hydrogen on majority carrier transport and minority carrier lifetimes in long-wavelength infrared HgCdTe on Si SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT US Workshop on the Physics and Chemistry of II-VI Materials CY SEP 20-22, 2005 CL Cambridge, MA SP US Army CECOM Night Vision Elect Sensors Diretorate, US Army Res Lab, US Army SMDC, US Navy Electro-Opt Ctr, Penn State Applied Res Lab, Office Naval Res, Air Force Res Lab, Minerals Metals Materials Soc DE dangling bonds; electron cyclotron resonance (ECR); HgCdTe; hydrogenation; long-wavelength infrared (LWIR); passivation; plasma ID MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY AB We present extended results on the use of a hydrogen plasma to passivate the effects of defects in long-wave ir HgCdTe/Si. Annealed and as-grown epilayers, in situ doped with indium, were exposed to a hydrogen plasma generated in an electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) reactor. Secondary ion mass spectrometry was used to measure the extent of hydrogen incorporation into the epilayers. Hall and photoconductive lifetime measurements were used to assess the efficacy of passivation. The passivation of defects responsible for the scattering and recombination of electrical carriers was observed for most ECR conditions over a range of dislocation densities. C1 EPIR Technol Inc, Bolingbrook, IL 60440 USA. USA, RDECOM CERDEC NVESD, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. RP Boieriu, P (reprint author), EPIR Technol Inc, Bolingbrook, IL 60440 USA. EM pboieriu@epir.com NR 14 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 2 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 0361-5235 J9 J ELECTRON MATER JI J. Electron. Mater. PD JUN PY 2006 VL 35 IS 6 BP 1385 EP 1390 DI 10.1007/s11664-006-0272-0 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA 060RN UT WOS:000238819400041 ER PT J AU Carmody, M Pasko, JG Edwall, D Bailey, R Arias, J Groenert, M Almeida, LA Dinan, JH Chen, Y Brill, G Dhar, NK AF Carmody, M. Pasko, J. G. Edwall, D. Bailey, R. Arias, J. Groenert, M. Almeida, L. A. Dinan, J. H. Chen, Y. Brill, G. Dhar, N. K. TI LWIR HgCdTe on Si detector performance and analysis SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT US Workshop on the Physics and Chemistry of II-VI Materials CY SEP 20-22, 2005 CL Cambridge, MA SP US Army CECOM Night Vision Elect Sensors Diretorate, US Army Res Lab, US Army SMDC, US Navy Electro-Opt Ctr, Penn State Applied Res Lab, Office Naval Res, Air Force Res Lab, Minerals Metals Materials Soc DE molecular beam epitaxy (MBE); silicon; CdTe buffer layer ID DISLOCATIONS; HETEROEPITAXY; PHOTODIODES; SUBSTRATE AB We have fabricated a series of 256 pixel x 256 pixel, 40 mu m pitch LWIR focal plane arrays (FPAs) with HgCdTe grown on (211) silicon substrates using MBE grown CdTe and CdSeTe buffer layers. The detector arrays were fabricated using Rockwell Scientific's double layer planar heterostructure (DLPH) diode architecture. The 78 K detector and focal plane array (FPA) performance are discussed in terms of quantum efficiency (QE), diode dark current and dark current operability. The FPA dark current and the tail in the FPA dark current operability histograms are discussed in terms of the HgCdTe epitaxial layer defect density and the dislocation density of the individual diode junctions. Individual diode zero bias impedance and reverse bias current-voltage (I-V) characteristics vs. temperature are discussed in terms of the dislocation density of the epitaxial layer, and the misfit stress in the epitaxial multilayer structure, and the thermal expansion mismatch in the composite substrate. The fundamental FPA performance limitations and possible FPA performance improvements are discussed in terms of basic device physics and material properties. C1 Rockwell Sci Co, Camarillo, CA 93012 USA. USA, RDECOM, CERDEC, NVESD, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Carmody, M (reprint author), Rockwell Sci Co, 5212 Verdugo Way, Camarillo, CA 93012 USA. EM mcarmody@rwsc.com RI Brill, Gregory/G-4877-2013 NR 9 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 6 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 0361-5235 J9 J ELECTRON MATER JI J. Electron. Mater. PD JUN PY 2006 VL 35 IS 6 BP 1417 EP 1422 DI 10.1007/s11664-006-0277-8 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA 060RN UT WOS:000238819400046 ER PT J AU Varesi, JB Benson, JD Jaime-Vasquez, M Martinka, M Stoltz, AJ Dinan, JH AF Varesi, J. B. Benson, J. D. Jaime-Vasquez, M. Martinka, M. Stoltz, A. J. Dinan, J. H. TI Investigation of HgCdTe surface films and their removal SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT US Workshop on the Physics and Chemistry of II-VI Materials CY SEP 20-22, 2005 CL Cambridge, MA SP US Army CECOM Night Vision Elect Sensors Diretorate, US Army Res Lab, US Army SMDC, US Navy Electro-Opt Ctr, Penn State Applied Res Lab, Office Naval Res, Air Force Res Lab, Minerals Metals Materials Soc DE HgCdTe; native oxide; spectroscopic ellipsometry; surface analysis; x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy ID MERCURY CADMIUM TELLURIDE; X-RAY PHOTOELECTRON; SPECTROSCOPIC ELLIPSOMETRY; NATIVE OXIDES; PHOTOCHEMICAL OXIDATION; NONDESTRUCTIVE ANALYSIS; INTERFACE PROPERTIES; HG1-XCDXTE SURFACES; PASSIVATION; (HG,CD)TE AB We have examined the formation and removal of native surface films on Hg1-xCdxTe (n-type, x = 0.2). Samples were etched with a Br-based solution and then characterized by spectroscopic ellipsometry and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. A second set of measurements was acquired after these samples were exposed to air. The results confirm the formation of a surface layer consisting primarily of oxide(s) following an etch of the samples. It also appears that elemental Te may be a component of the postetch film. We presently believe that the predominant components of the oxide are TeO2 and CdO. Following the formation of the native oxide we examined its solubility by immersing the samples in several common liquids. While isopropanol and acetone had little effect, de-ionized water, methanol and ethylene glycol each removed significant portions of the HgCdTe surface oxide. Atomic force microscope images suggest that the removal of the surface film may not be entirely uniform. Additionally, it was shown that storage in de-ionized water, methanol, or isopropanol essentially preserves the postetch surface properties. C1 USA, RDECOM, CERDEC, Night Vis & Elect Sensors Directorate, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. RP Varesi, JB (reprint author), USA, RDECOM, CERDEC, Night Vis & Elect Sensors Directorate, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. EM john.varesi@nvl.army.mil NR 23 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 7 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 0361-5235 J9 J ELECTRON MATER JI J. Electron. Mater. PD JUN PY 2006 VL 35 IS 6 BP 1443 EP 1448 DI 10.1007/s11664-006-0281-z PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA 060RN UT WOS:000238819400050 ER PT J AU Fulk, C Sivananthan, S Zavitz, D Singh, R Trenary, M Chen, YP Brill, G Dhar, N AF Fulk, C. Sivananthan, S. Zavitz, D. Singh, R. Trenary, M. Chen, Y. P. Brill, G. Dhar, N. TI The structure of the Si(211) surface SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT US Workshop on the Physics and Chemistry of II-VI Materials CY SEP 20-22, 2005 CL Cambridge, MA SP US Army CECOM Night Vision Elect Sensors Diretorate, US Army Res Lab, US Army SMDC, US Navy Electro-Opt Ctr, Penn State Applied Res Lab, Office Naval Res, Air Force Res Lab, Minerals Metals Materials Soc DE reconstruction; Si (211); LEED; STM ID MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY; SCANNING-TUNNELING-MICROSCOPY; GROWTH; SI(112); SILICON; HGCDTE; LEED; SI AB Silicon (211) has been proposed as an alternative substrate for CdTe/HgCdTe molecular beam epitaxial growth. Silicon has a clear advantage over other substrates because of its low cost, high strength, and thermal-expansion coefficient, which matches that of the silicon readout integrated circuit. The (211) orientation has been shown to yield high-quality CdTe and HgCdTe/CdTe layers over other orientations. The reconstruction and faceting of the Si (211) surface is poorly understood despite the importance of the (211) orientation. The results of low-energy electron diffraction (LEED) studies have been contradictory, and their conclusions are inconsistent with recent scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) studies. LEED and STM images were used to determine the most probable Si (211) surface facet structure as a function of annealing temperature. Samples annealed at a high temperature (i.e., > 1260 degrees C) allowed the formation of ordered LEED spot patterns as opposed to the typically reported [111] streaks. The pattern in the [011] direction gave a consistent 2 x (7.68 angstrom) reconstruction. C1 EPIR Technol Inc, Bolingbrook, IL 60440 USA. Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. Univ Illinois, Dept Chem, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Fulk, C (reprint author), EPIR Technol Inc, Bolingbrook, IL 60440 USA. EM cfulk1@uic.edu RI Brill, Gregory/G-4877-2013 NR 23 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 11 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 0361-5235 J9 J ELECTRON MATER JI J. Electron. Mater. PD JUN PY 2006 VL 35 IS 6 BP 1449 EP 1454 DI 10.1007/s11664-006-0282-y PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA 060RN UT WOS:000238819400051 ER PT J AU Jaime-Vasquez, M Martinka, M Jacobs, RN Groenert, M AF Jaime-Vasquez, M. Martinka, M. Jacobs, R. N. Groenert, M. TI In-situ spectroscopic study of the As and Te on the Si(112) surface for high-quality epitaxial layers SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT US Workshop on the Physics and Chemistry of II-VI Materials CY SEP 20-22, 2005 CL Cambridge, MA SP US Army CECOM Night Vision Elect Sensors Diretorate, US Army Res Lab, US Army SMDC, US Navy Electro-Opt Ctr, Penn State Applied Res Lab, Office Naval Res, Air Force Res Lab, Minerals Metals Materials Soc DE Te/As/Si (112); adsorption; molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) substrate; x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS); ion scattering spectroscopy (ISS) ID MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY; MISORIENTED SI(001); SUBSTRATE; INTERFACE; GROWTH AB A detailed analysis of the As-exposed Si (112) and subsequent Te exposure was performed. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy shows that the Te- and As-exposed Si (112) surface had 70% As and 27% Te coverage, respectively. Direct surface coverage measurement with ion scattering spectroscopy (ISS) shows that the Si (111) surface is completely covered by As, and that of the Si (112) had about 78% and 20% coverage of As and Te, respectively. Finally, using ISS shadowing effects, it was found that the Te atoms were positioned mainly on the step edges. C1 USA, Res Dev & Engn Command, CERDEC, NVESD, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. RP Jaime-Vasquez, M (reprint author), USA, Res Dev & Engn Command, CERDEC, NVESD, 10215 Burbeck Rd, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. EM michael.martinka@nvl.army.mil NR 20 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 4 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 0361-5235 J9 J ELECTRON MATER JI J. Electron. Mater. PD JUN PY 2006 VL 35 IS 6 BP 1455 EP 1460 DI 10.1007/s11664-006-0283-x PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA 060RN UT WOS:000238819400052 ER PT J AU Stoltz, AJ Jaime-Vasquez, M Benson, JD Varesi, JB Martinka, M AF Stoltz, A. J. Jaime-Vasquez, M. Benson, J. D. Varesi, J. B. Martinka, M. TI Examination of the effects of high-density plasmas on the surface of HgCdTe SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT US Workshop on the Physics and Chemistry of II-VI Materials CY SEP 20-22, 2005 CL Cambridge, MA SP US Army CECOM Night Vision Elect Sensors Diretorate, US Army Res Lab, US Army SMDC, US Navy Electro-Opt Ctr, Penn State Applied Res Lab, Office Naval Res, Air Force Res Lab, Minerals Metals Materials Soc DE electron cyclotron resonance (ECR); HgCdTe (mercury cadmium telluride); x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS); reflection high-energy electron diffraction (RHEED) ID CYCLOTRON-RESONANCE PLASMAS; HG1-XCDXTE; CH4/H-2/AR; ARRAYS AB High-density argon-hydrogen plasmas have been demonstrated to be very effective as etchants of CdTe, CdZnTe, and HgCdTe materials for focal plane array applications. Understanding the physical, chemical, and electrical characteristics of these surfaces is critical in elucidating the mechanisms of processing Hg1-xCdxTe. The ways in which these plasmas interact with HgCdTe, such as etch rates and loading, have been studied.(1-11) However, little is known on how these plasmas affect the first few atomic layers of HgCdTe. In this study, the effects of high-density plasmas on the surface of HgCdTe were examined. The combination of argon and hydrogen plasma etch leaves a well-ordered, near-stoichiometric surface determined by both x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and reflection high-energy electron diffraction (RHEED). Starting with Hg0.78Cd0.22Te, we were able to produce surfaces with x = 0.4 and a RHEED pattern sharp enough to measure 2 x 1 reconstruction. C1 USA, Dev & Engn Command, CERDEC, NVESD, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. RP Stoltz, AJ (reprint author), USA, Dev & Engn Command, CERDEC, NVESD, 10221 Burbeck Rd,Bldg 357, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. EM astoltz@nvl.army.mil NR 16 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 0361-5235 J9 J ELECTRON MATER JI J. Electron. Mater. PD JUN PY 2006 VL 35 IS 6 BP 1461 EP 1464 DI 10.1007/s11664-006-0284-9 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA 060RN UT WOS:000238819400053 ER PT J AU Golding, TD Hellmer, R Bubulac, L Dinan, JH Wang, L Zhao, W Carmody, M Sankur, HO Edwall, D AF Golding, T. D. Hellmer, R. Bubulac, L. Dinan, J. H. Wang, L. Zhao, W. Carmody, M. Sankur, H. O. Edwall, D. TI Hydrogenation of HgCdTe epilayers on Si substrates using glow discharge plasma SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT US Workshop on the Physics and Chemistry of II-VI Materials CY SEP 20-22, 2005 CL Cambridge, MA SP US Army CECOM Night Vision Elect Sensors Diretorate, US Army Res Lab, US Army SMDC, US Navy Electro-Opt Ctr, Penn State Applied Res Lab, Office Naval Res, Air Force Res Lab, Minerals Metals Materials Soc DE HgCdTe; silicon substrate; glow discharge plasma; molecular beam epitaxy (MBE) ID DETECTORS AB Preliminary results of a study of the hydrogenation of HgCdTe epilayers grown by molecular beam epitaxy on Si substrates using a glow-discharge plasma are presented. The aim of the program is to employ H to passivate the detrimental opto-electronic effects of threading dislocations present in the HgCdTe epilayers. Secondary ion mass spectroscopy depth profiling has been performed to characterize H-1 and H-2 incorporation. It has been found that H can be controllably incorporated in HgCdTe epilayers to levels in the 10(14) cm(-3) to 10(18) cm(-3) range while maintaining the sample at temperatures lower than 60 degrees C. Profiles indicate that H accumulates in regions of known high defect density or in highly strained regions. Analysis of the H depth profile data indicates that the current density-time product is a good figure of merit to predict the H levels in the HgCdTe epilayer. There are progressive differences in the H-1 and H-2 uptake efficiencies as a function of depth. Magneto-Hall measurements show consistently higher mobilities at low temperatures for majority carriers in hydrogenated samples. C1 Amethyst Res Inc, Ardmore, OK USA. Univ N Texas, Dept Phys, Denton, TX 76203 USA. USA, RDECOM, CERDEC, NVESD, Ft Belvoir, VA USA. Evans Analyt Grp, Sunnyvale, CA USA. Rockwell Sci Co, Camarillo, CA USA. RP Golding, TD (reprint author), Amethyst Res Inc, Ardmore, OK USA. EM golding@amethystresearch.com NR 9 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 3 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 0361-5235 J9 J ELECTRON MATER JI J. Electron. Mater. PD JUN PY 2006 VL 35 IS 6 BP 1465 EP 1469 DI 10.1007/s11664-006-0285-8 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA 060RN UT WOS:000238819400054 ER PT J AU Jacobs, RN Robinson, EW Jaime-Vasquez, M Stoltz, AJ Markunas, J Almeida, LA Boyd, PR Dinan, JH Salamanca-Riba, L AF Jacobs, R. N. Robinson, E. W. Jaime-Vasquez, M. Stoltz, A. J. Markunas, J. Almeida, L. A. Boyd, P. R. Dinan, J. H. Salamanca-Riba, L. TI Effects of a-Si : H resist vacuum-lithography processing on HgCdTe SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT US Workshop on the Physics and Chemistry of II-VI Materials CY SEP 20-22, 2005 CL Cambridge, MA SP US Army CECOM Night Vision Elect Sensors Diretorate, US Army Res Lab, US Army SMDC, US Navy Electro-Opt Ctr, Penn State Applied Res Lab, Office Naval Res, Air Force Res Lab, Minerals Metals Materials Soc DE a-Si : H; dry etching; photolithography; HgCdTe; CdTe; plasma-enhanced chemical-vapor deposition (PECVD); vacuum-compatible processing ID FILMS AB A vacuum-compatible process for carrying out lithography on Hg1-xCdxTe and CdTe films was previously demonstrated. It was shown that hydrogenated amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) could be used as a dry resist by projecting a pattern onto its surface using excimer laser irradiation and then developing that pattern by hydrogen plasma etching. Pattern transfer to an underlying Hg1-xCdxTe film was then carried out via Ar/H-2 plasma etching in an electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) reactor. Despite the successful demonstration of pattern transfer, the possibility of inducing harmful effects in the Hg1-xCdxTe film due to this vacuum lithography procedure had not been explored. Here we present structural and surface compositional analyses of Hg1-xCdxTe films at key stages of the a-Si:H vacuum lithography procedure. X-ray diffraction double crystal rocking curves taken before and after a-Si:H deposition and after development etching were identical, indicating that bulk structural changes in the Hg1-xCdxTe film are not induced by these processes. Cross-section transmission electron microscopy studies show that laser-induced heating in the 350 nm thick a-Si:H overlayer is not sufficient to cause structural damage in the underlying Hg1-xCdxTe surface. In vacuo surface analysis via Auger electron spectroscopy and ion scattering spectroscopy suggest that the hydrogen plasma development process produces Hg-deficient surfaces but does not introduce C contamination. However, after ECR plasma etching into the Hg1-xCdxTe film, the measured x value is much closer to that of the bulk. C1 USA, RDECOM, CERDEC, Night Vis & Elect Sensors Directorate, Ft Belvoir, VA USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD USA. Univ Maryland, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Jacobs, RN (reprint author), USA, RDECOM, CERDEC, Night Vis & Elect Sensors Directorate, Ft Belvoir, VA USA. EM randy.jacobs@nvl.army.mil RI Salamanca-Riba, Lourdes/B-3785-2009 OI Salamanca-Riba, Lourdes/0000-0001-8155-6403 NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 0361-5235 J9 J ELECTRON MATER JI J. Electron. Mater. PD JUN PY 2006 VL 35 IS 6 BP 1474 EP 1480 DI 10.1007/s11664-006-0287-6 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA 060RN UT WOS:000238819400056 ER PT J AU Carini, GA Arnone, C Bolotnikov, AE Camarda, GS De Wames, R Dinan, JH Markunas, JK Raghothamachar, B Sivananthan, S Smith, R Zhao, J Zhong, Z James, RB AF Carini, G. A. Arnone, C. Bolotnikov, A. E. Camarda, G. S. De Wames, R. Dinan, J. H. Markunas, J. K. Raghothamachar, B. Sivananthan, S. Smith, R. Zhao, J. Zhong, Z. James, R. B. TI Material quality characterization of CdZnTe substrates for HgCdTe epitaxy SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT US Workshop on the Physics and Chemistry of II-VI Materials CY SEP 20-22, 2005 CL Cambridge, MA SP US Army CECOM Night Vision Elect Sensors Diretorate, US Army Res Lab, US Army SMDC, US Navy Electro-Opt Ctr, Penn State Applied Res Lab, Office Naval Res, Air Force Res Lab, Minerals Metals Materials Soc DE x-ray diffraction (XRD); rocking curve; x-ray topography; CdZnTe substrate; HgCdTe; Fourier transform infrared spectrometry (FTIR) ID ASYMMETRIC LAUE CRYSTALS; SYNCHROTRON X-RAYS AB Cd1-xZnxTe (CZT) substrates were studied to investigate their bulk and surface properties. Imperfections in CZT substrates affect the quality of Hg1-xCdxTe (MCT) epilayers deposited on them and play a role in limiting the performance of infrared (IR) focal plane arrays. CZT wafers were studied to investigate their bulk and surface properties. Transmission and surface x-ray diffraction techniques, utilizing both a conventional closed-tube x-ray source as well as a synchrotron radiation source, and IR transmission microspectroscopy, were used for bulk and surface investigation. Synchrotron radiation offers the capability to combine good spatial resolution and shorter exposure times than conventional x-ray sources, which allows for high-resolution mapping of relatively large areas in an acceptable amount of time. Information on the location of grain boundaries and precipitates was also obtained. The ultimate goal of this work is to understand the defects in CZT substrates and their effects on the performance and uniformity of MCT epilayers and then to apply this understanding to produce better infrared detectors. C1 Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. Univ Palermo, Dept Elect Engn, I-90128 Palermo, Italy. Penn State Univ, Ctr Electroopt, Freeport, PA 16629 USA. USA, RDECOM, CERDEC, NVESD, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Mat Sci & Eng, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Univ Illinois, Microphys Lab, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. BNL, Natl Synchrotron Light Source, Upton, NY 11973 USA. RP Carini, GA (reprint author), Brookhaven Natl Lab, Upton, NY 11973 USA. EM carini@bnl.gov RI Raghothamachar, Balaji/B-1094-2008 NR 8 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 2 U2 11 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 0361-5235 J9 J ELECTRON MATER JI J. Electron. Mater. PD JUN PY 2006 VL 35 IS 6 BP 1495 EP 1502 DI 10.1007/s11664-006-0291-x PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA 060RN UT WOS:000238819400060 ER PT J AU Sloop, JC Bumgardner, CL Washington, G Loehle, WD Sankar, SS Lewis, AB AF Sloop, JC Bumgardner, CL Washington, G Loehle, WD Sankar, SS Lewis, AB TI Keto-enol and enol-enol tautomerism in trifluoromethyl-beta-diketones SO JOURNAL OF FLUORINE CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE beta-diketone; tautomerism; enol; F-19 NMR; chelated-OH; enone ID ENOLIZATION; DIRECTION; 2-TRIFLUOROACETYLCYCLOALKANONES AB The keto-enol (K reversible arrow E) and enol-enol (E reversible arrow E) equilibria of a variety of trifluoromethyl-beta-diketones were investigated using H-1, C-13, F-19 NMR spectroscopy, infrared spectroscopy and ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry in nonpolar solvents. In general, NMR, IR and UV spectral evidence indicates that trifluoromethyl-beta-diketones exist as mixtures of two chelated cis-enol forms in nonpolar media. Infrared spectroscopy and ultraviolet spectrophotometry show the E reversible arrow E equilibrium lies in the direction of the enol form which maximizes conjugation in most cases. Exceptions are noted and discussed. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 US Mil Acad, Dept Chem & Life Sci, West Point, NY 10996 USA. N Carolina State Univ, Dept Chem, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Sloop, JC (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Chem & Life Sci, 646 Swift Rd, West Point, NY 10996 USA. EM joseph.sloop@usma.edu OI Sloop, Joseph/0000-0001-7639-0234 NR 26 TC 42 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 7 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0022-1139 J9 J FLUORINE CHEM JI J. Fluor. Chem. PD JUN PY 2006 VL 127 IS 6 BP 780 EP 786 DI 10.1016/j.jfluchem.2006.02.012 PG 7 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA 051MB UT WOS:000238164100016 ER PT J AU Britton, JP Filz, GM AF Britton, JP Filz, GM TI Closure to "measuring the hydraulic conductivity of soil-bentonite backfill" by Jeremy P. Britton, George M. Filz, and Wayne E. Herring SO JOURNAL OF GEOTECHNICAL AND GEOENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Editorial Material C1 USA, Corps Engineers, Portland, OR 97208 USA. Virginia Polytech Inst & State Univ, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. RP Britton, JP (reprint author), USA, Corps Engineers, POB 2947, Portland, OR 97208 USA. EM Jeremy.p.britton@usace.army.mil; filz@vt.edu NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 1090-0241 J9 J GEOTECH GEOENVIRON JI J. Geotech. Geoenviron. Eng. PD JUN PY 2006 VL 132 IS 6 BP 812 EP 814 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)1090-0241(2005)130:12(1250) PG 3 WC Engineering, Geological; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Engineering; Geology GA 044JZ UT WOS:000237669800015 ER PT J AU Haselbach, LM Bruner, SU AF Haselbach, Liv M. Bruner, Steven U. TI DETERMINING CONSTRUCTION DEBRIS RECYCLING DUMPSTER DENSITIES SO JOURNAL OF GREEN BUILDING LA English DT Article AB Solid waste generated by construction and demolition (C&D) projects account for a significant portion of solid waste generated and landfilled in the United States. The United States Green Building Council (USGBC) Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED (R)) credit system encourages recycling of C&D debris. Data from a new construction project adhering to LEED (R) guidelines is used to investigate dumpster densities for construction debris. These are conversion factors from waste collection volumes to waste masses useful for verification of recycling credit goals, estimating waste management needs and optimizing waste management costs. The proper estimation of waste material dumpster density is important in order to combine sustainability with cost effectiveness. The field data was generated from a 9700 m(2) (104,000 ft(2)) building under construction in Columbia, South Carolina with a precast concrete and brick veneer. The categories of waste investigated were general trash, masonry, wood steel and sheetrock. It was found that there are significant differences in many of the conversion factors for this project as compared to factors from other waste material recycling databases. C1 [Haselbach, Liv M.] Univ S Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. [Bruner, Steven U.] USA, Corps Engineers, Ft Belvoir, VA USA. RP Haselbach, LM (reprint author), Univ S Carolina, 300 Main St, Columbia, SC 29208 USA. EM haselbac@engr.sc.edu; bruners2000@hotmail.com NR 9 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 6 PU COLL PUBL PI GLEN ALLEN PA 12309 LYNWOOD DR, GLEN ALLEN, VA 23059 USA SN 1552-6100 J9 J GREEN BUILD JI J. Green Build. PD SUM PY 2006 VL 1 IS 3 BP 139 EP 147 PG 9 WC Architecture SC Architecture GA V04KG UT WOS:000207056700010 ER PT J AU Arroyo-Caraballo, JR Ebeling, RM AF Arroyo-Caraballo, Jose R. Ebeling, Robert M. TI Glancing-Blow Impact Forces by a Barge Train on a Lock Approach Wall SO JOURNAL OF INFRASTRUCTURE SYSTEMS LA English DT Article DE Walls; Locks; Waterways; Navigation; Barges AB In 1993 Headquarters, U. S. Army Corps of Engineers, issued the first formal Corps-wide analysis procedure providing guidance for analyzing the effects of barge impact loading on navigation structures. The guidance was rescinded in 2001 due to concerns about the conservatism of the computed results for usual and unusual loadings and accuracy with shallow approach impact angles and direct head-on impact. This paper addresses the interpretation of full-scale, low-velocity, controlled barge train (15-barge) impact experiments conducted at the decommissioned Gallipolis Lock at Robert C. Byrd Lock and Dam, Gallipolis Ferry, W. V. Two sets of methodologies were used to interpret the barge-to-wall impact data: (1) the use of the equations of equilibrium combined with an assumed value for the coefficient of friction between the barge train and the stiff-to-rigid wall, and (2) the energy method. A simplified empirical correlation is presented to calculate the maximum impact force as a function of the linear momentum normal to the wall using forces measured during these full-scale impact experiments. This empirical correlation is the basis for new Corps guidance for calculating glancing-blow impact forces. C1 [Ebeling, Robert M.] USA, Informat Technol Lab, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. [Arroyo-Caraballo, Jose R.] Univ Puerto Rico, Dept Gen Engn, Mayaguez, PR 00681 USA. RP Ebeling, RM (reprint author), USA, Informat Technol Lab, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. EM jrarroyo@uprm.edu; ebelinr@wes.army.mil FU U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Innovations for Navigation Projects research program FX Funding for this research was provided by U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Innovations for Navigation Projects research program. Permission was granted by the Chief of Engineers to publish this information. NR 6 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 1076-0342 J9 J INFRASTRUCT SYST JI J. Infrastruct. Syst. PD JUN PY 2006 VL 12 IS 2 BP 135 EP 143 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)1076-0342(2006)12:2(135) PG 9 WC Engineering, Civil SC Engineering GA V25VO UT WOS:000208505700008 ER PT J AU Gemma, S Gabellieri, E Huleatt, P Fattorusso, C Borriello, M Catalanotti, B Butini, S De Angelis, M Novellino, E Nacci, V Belinskaya, T Saxena, A Campiani, G AF Gemma, Sandra Gabellieri, Emanuele Huleatt, Paul Fattorusso, Caterina Borriello, Marianna Catalanotti, Bruno Butini, Stefania De Angelis, Meri Novellino, Ettore Nacci, Vito Belinskaya, Tatyana Saxena, Ashima Campiani, Giuseppe TI Discovery of huperzine A-tacrine hybrids as potent inhibitors of human cholinesterases targeting their midgorge recognition sites SO JOURNAL OF MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE; HIGHLY POTENT; ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE INHIBITORS; RATIONAL DESIGN; BUTYRYLCHOLINESTERASE; ANALOGS; IDENTIFICATION; GORGE AB We describe herein the development of novel huperzine A-tacrine hybrids characterized by 3-methylbicyclo[3.3.1] non-3-ene scaffolds. These compounds were specifically designed to establish tight interactions, through different binding modes, with the midgorge recognition sites of human acetylcholinesterase (hAChE: Y72, D74) and human butyrylcholinesterase (hBuChE: N68, D70) and their catalytic or peripheral sites. Compounds 5a-c show a markedly improved biological profile relative to tacrine and huperzine A. C1 Univ Siena, Dipartimento Farmaco Chim Tecnol, I-53100 Siena, Italy. Univ Siena, European Res Ctr Drug Discovery & Dev, I-53100 Siena, Italy. Univ Naples Federico II, Dipartimento Chim Sostanze Nat, I-80131 Naples, Italy. Univ Naples Federico II, Dipartimento Chim Farmaceut & Tossicol, I-80131 Naples, Italy. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Biochem, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Campiani, G (reprint author), Univ Siena, Dipartimento Farmaco Chim Tecnol, Via Aldo Moro, I-53100 Siena, Italy. EM campiani@unisi.it RI Gemma, Sandra/D-3568-2009; butini, stefania/D-9954-2015; fattorusso, caterina/F-7113-2015; Catalanotti, Bruno/D-4025-2016 OI Gemma, Sandra/0000-0002-8313-2417; fattorusso, caterina/0000-0003-3330-4281; Catalanotti, Bruno/0000-0002-7532-6959 NR 23 TC 35 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 8 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0022-2623 J9 J MED CHEM JI J. Med. Chem. PD JUN 1 PY 2006 VL 49 IS 11 BP 3421 EP 3425 DI 10.1021/jm060257t PG 5 WC Chemistry, Medicinal SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 046SX UT WOS:000237832400045 PM 16722663 ER PT J AU Mozaffari, MS Schatfer, SW AF Mozaffari, Mahmood S. Schatfer, Stephen W. TI Contribution of t-type calcium channels to afterload-induced exacerbation of myocardial infarct size SO JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR CARDIOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 28th Annual International-Society-for-Heart-Research North American Section Meeting CY JUN 13-16, 2006 CL Toronto, CANADA SP Int Soc Heart Res, N Amer Sect C1 MCG, Dept Oral Biol, Augusta, GA USA. USA, Dept Pharmacol, Mobile, AL USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD- ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0022-2828 EI 1095-8584 J9 J MOL CELL CARDIOL JI J. Mol. Cell. Cardiol. PD JUN PY 2006 VL 40 IS 6 BP 888 EP 889 DI 10.1016/j.yjmcc.2006.03.354 PG 2 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Cell Biology SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology; Cell Biology GA 053KR UT WOS:000238304500086 ER PT J AU Bliss, T Anderson, MK Jett, M Yourick, D Adams, BJ AF Bliss, T. Anderson, M. K. Jett, M. Yourick, D. Adams, B. J. TI Using entomopathogenic nematodes as model organisms in high school education modules and the benefits of field testing. SO JOURNAL OF NEMATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Brigham Young Univ, Dept Mol Biol & Microbiol, Provo, UT 84602 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Pathol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RI Adams, Byron/C-3808-2009 OI Adams, Byron/0000-0002-7815-3352 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU SOC NEMATOLOGISTS PI MARCELINE PA PO BOX 311, MARCELINE, MO 64658 USA SN 0022-300X J9 J NEMATOL JI J. Nematol. PD JUN PY 2006 VL 38 IS 2 BP 264 EP 264 PG 1 WC Zoology SC Zoology GA 086KM UT WOS:000240672200034 ER PT J AU Dave, JR Yao, C Whipple, RA Williams, AJ Lu, XM Chen, RW Connors, RA Liao, Z Wang, KKW Hayes, RL Tortella, FC AF Dave, J. R. Yao, C. Whipple, R. A. Williams, A. J. Lu, X. M. Chen, R-W Connors, R. A. Liao, Z. Wang, K. K. W. Hayes, R. L. Tortella, F. C. TI A neuroproteomic injury profile following penetrating ballistic-like brain injury (PBBI) in the rat SO JOURNAL OF NEUROTRAUMA LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 24th Annual National-Neurotrauma-Society Symposium CY JUL 07-09, 2006 CL St Louis, MO SP Natl Neurotrauma Soc C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. Univ Florida, McKnight Brain Inst, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RI Yao, Changping/B-3619-2011; Dave, Jitendra/A-8940-2011 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 0897-7151 J9 J NEUROTRAUM JI J. Neurotrauma PD JUN PY 2006 VL 23 IS 6 MA P23 BP 992 EP 992 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC General & Internal Medicine; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 056TW UT WOS:000238549000036 ER PT J AU Hartings, J Bullock, MR Fabricius, M Bhatia, R Dreier, J Tortella, F Strong, A AF Hartings, Jed Bullock, M. Ross Fabricius, Martin Bhatia, Robin Dreier, Jens Tortella, Frank Strong, Anthony TI Cortical spreading depression after traumatic and penetrating injury to the human brain SO JOURNAL OF NEUROTRAUMA LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 24th Annual National-Neurotrauma-Society Symposium CY JUL 07-09, 2006 CL St Louis, MO SP Natl Neurotrauma Soc C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. Virginia Commonwealth Univ, Richmond, VA 23284 USA. Glostrup Cty Hosp, Copenhagen, Denmark. Kings Coll Hosp London, London, England. Univ Med, Charite, Berlin, Germany. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT, INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 0897-7151 J9 J NEUROTRAUM JI J. Neurotrauma PD JUN PY 2006 VL 23 IS 6 MA P62 BP 1002 EP 1002 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC General & Internal Medicine; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 056TW UT WOS:000238549000075 ER PT J AU Dave, J Yao, C Williams, A Lu, M Chen, R Liao, Z Connors, R Wang, K Hayes, R Tortella, F AF Dave, J. Yao, C. Williams, A. Lu, M. Chen, R. Liao, Z. Connors, R. Wang, K. Hayes, R. Tortella, F. TI EMAP II: A potential biomarker that differentiates traumatic vs. ischemic brain injury SO JOURNAL OF NEUROTRAUMA LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 24th Annual National-Neurotrauma-Society Symposium CY JUL 07-09, 2006 CL St Louis, MO SP Natl Neurotrauma Soc C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. Univ Florida, McKnight Brain Inst, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RI Yao, Changping/B-3619-2011; Dave, Jitendra/A-8940-2011 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 0897-7151 J9 J NEUROTRAUM JI J. Neurotrauma PD JUN PY 2006 VL 23 IS 6 MA P68 BP 1003 EP 1003 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC General & Internal Medicine; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 056TW UT WOS:000238549000079 ER PT J AU Williams, AJ Sharrow, K Bautista, CC Lu, XM Tortella, FC AF Williams, A. J. Sharrow, K. Bautista, C. C. Lu, X. M. Tortella, F. C. TI Neuroprotection treatment of penetrating ballistic-like brain injury with dextromethorphan (DM) SO JOURNAL OF NEUROTRAUMA LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 24th Annual National-Neurotrauma-Society Symposium CY JUL 07-09, 2006 CL St Louis, MO SP Natl Neurotrauma Soc C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 0897-7151 J9 J NEUROTRAUM JI J. Neurotrauma PD JUN PY 2006 VL 23 IS 6 MA P122 BP 1018 EP 1018 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC General & Internal Medicine; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 056TW UT WOS:000238549000133 ER PT J AU Williams, AJ Sharrow, KM Lu, XCM Varma, M Tortella, FC AF Williams, A. J. Sharrow, K. M. Lu, X. -C. M. Varma, M. Tortella, F. C. TI Using the novel object recognition (NOR) task to cognitively evaluate rats subjected to penetrating ballistic-like brain injury (PBBI) SO JOURNAL OF NEUROTRAUMA LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 24th Annual National-Neurotrauma-Society Symposium CY JUL 07-09, 2006 CL St Louis, MO SP Natl Neurotrauma Soc C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Appl Neurobiol, Silver Spring, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 0897-7151 J9 J NEUROTRAUM JI J. Neurotrauma PD JUN PY 2006 VL 23 IS 6 MA P140 BP 1023 EP 1023 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC General & Internal Medicine; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 056TW UT WOS:000238549000151 ER PT J AU Williams, AJ Gryder, DS Hartings, JA Bautista, CC Tortella, FC AF Williams, A. J. Gryder, D. S. Hartings, J. A. Bautista, C. C. Tortella, F. C. TI The anti-epileptic drug (AED) topiramate (TPM) reduces brain-injury mediated non-convulsive seizures (NCS) in the rat SO JOURNAL OF NEUROTRAUMA LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 24th Annual National-Neurotrauma-Society Symposium CY JUL 07-09, 2006 CL St Louis, MO SP Natl Neurotrauma Soc C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 0897-7151 J9 J NEUROTRAUM JI J. Neurotrauma PD JUN PY 2006 VL 23 IS 6 MA P153 BP 1026 EP 1026 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC General & Internal Medicine; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 056TW UT WOS:000238549000164 ER PT J AU Williams, AJ Tortella, FC AF Williams, A. J. Tortella, F. C. TI Comparison of outcomes between injury severities caused by penetrating ballistic-like brain injury in the rat SO JOURNAL OF NEUROTRAUMA LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 24th Annual National-Neurotrauma-Society Symposium CY JUL 07-09, 2006 CL St Louis, MO SP Natl Neurotrauma Soc C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 0897-7151 J9 J NEUROTRAUM JI J. Neurotrauma PD JUN PY 2006 VL 23 IS 6 MA P186 BP 1034 EP 1034 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC General & Internal Medicine; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 056TW UT WOS:000238549000197 ER PT J AU Williams, A Lu, XCM Yang, XF Tortella, F AF Williams, Anthony Lu, Xi-chun May Yang, Xiaofang Tortella, Frank TI Neuroprotective effect of delayed treatment of NNZ-2566, a Glypromate(r) analog, in a rat model of penetrating ballistic-like brain injury (PBBI) SO JOURNAL OF NEUROTRAUMA LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 24th Annual National-Neurotrauma-Society Symposium CY JUL 07-09, 2006 CL St Louis, MO SP Natl Neurotrauma Soc C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. Neuren Pharmaceut Ltd, Auckland, New Zealand. NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 0897-7151 J9 J NEUROTRAUM JI J. Neurotrauma PD JUN PY 2006 VL 23 IS 6 MA P205 BP 1039 EP 1039 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC General & Internal Medicine; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 056TW UT WOS:000238549000215 ER PT J AU Feuerstein, M Harrington, CB Lopez, M Haufler, A AF Feuerstein, M Harrington, CB Lopez, M Haufler, A TI How do job stress and ergonomic factors impact clinic visits in acute low back pain? A prospective study SO JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID US ARMY PERSONNEL; RISK-FACTORS; PRIMARY-CARE; NATURAL-HISTORY; SELF-REPORT; DISABILITY; DISORDERS; WORKERS; TRIAL; INTERVENTION AB Objectives: We sought to identify whether ergonomic factors, job stress, health behavior, and emotional distress are prospectively related to return visits for acute back pain. Methods: A total of 368 U.S. Army soldiers completed a baseline survey of health and work factors at their first visit for back pain. Multivariable regression and structural equation modeling were used to describe the relationships among ergonomic exposure, job stress, smoking, and emotional distress and their ability to predict repeat clinic visits. Results: The path analysis indicated that higher levels of ergonomic exposures were directly related to increased job stress (beta = 0.29). Higher levels of job stress were directly related to higher levels of general distress (beta = -35). General distress (beta = -0.70) and smoking (beta = 0.67) were directly linked to clinic visits. Conclusions: Efforts to directly impact emotional distress or indirectly reduce distress by intervening at the levels of ergonomic risks and psychosocial workplace stress should prove useful in the management Of acute low back pain. C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Med & Clin Psychol, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Georgetown Univ, Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20007 USA. USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Aberdeen, MD USA. Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Feuerstein, M (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Med & Clin Psychol, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. EM mfeuerstein@usuhs.mil NR 47 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 2 U2 4 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1076-2752 J9 J OCCUP ENVIRON MED JI J. Occup. Environ. Med. PD JUN PY 2006 VL 48 IS 6 BP 607 EP 614 DI 10.1097/01.jon.0000205836.48069.aa PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 053UV UT WOS:000238332100009 PM 16766925 ER PT J AU Cohen, SP Verdolin, MH Chang, AS Kurihara, C Morlando, BJ Mao, JR AF Cohen, SP Verdolin, MH Chang, AS Kurihara, C Morlando, BJ Mao, JR TI The intravenous ketamine test predicts subsequent response to an oral dextromethorphan treatment regimen in fibromyalgia patients SO JOURNAL OF PAIN LA English DT Article DE dextromethorphan; fibromyalgia; ketamine; N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonist; intravenous infusion test ID ASPARTATE RECEPTOR ANTAGONISTS; PAINFUL DIABETIC NEUROPATHY; DOUBLE-BLIND; POSTOPERATIVE PAIN; TEMPORAL SUMMATION; POSTHERPETIC NEURALGIA; ANALGESIA; MULTICENTER; LIDOCAINE; PLACEBO AB Fibromyalgia (FM) is a challenging pain syndrome for which no reliable pharmacologic treatment exists. Recent clinical studies suggest that N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors might play a role in the pathogenesis of this disorder. To determine whether an intravenous (IV) ketamine test predicts the response to a therapeutic trial with an oral N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonist, we performed a low-dose (0.1 mg/kg) IV ketamine infusion on 34 consecutive patients with FM, which was subsequently followed by an oral dextromethorphan (DX) treatment regimen. As per previous guidelines, the cutoff value for a positive response to the IV ketamine test was designated to be 67% pain relief, and a positive response to DX treatment was 50% pain reduction at 4- to 6-week follow-up visits. The degree of correlation between pain relief with ketamine and DX was highly significant (Pearson correlation coefficient, 0.66; P <.001). Ten patients responded positively to both ketamine and DX, 19 responded to neither drug, 3 had a positive response to ketamine but not DX, and 2 obtained good pain relief with DX but not ketamine. The sensitivity of the IV ketamine test was 83%, the specificity was 86%, the positive predictive value was 77%, and the negative predictive value was 91 %. An association was also found between the development of side effects to the two treatments. Perspective: The response to an IV ketamine infusion was found to predict the subsequent response to an oral dextromethorphan treatment regimen in fibromyalgia patients, with an observed agreement of 83 %. Considering the refractory nature of fibromyalgia to conventional pain treatments, the lV ketamine test might enhance patient care by saving time and reducing unnecessary treatment trials. (C) 2006 by the American Pain Society. C1 Johns Hopkins Sch Med, Dept Anesthesiol & Crit Care Med, Pain Management Div, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, Clin Studies Div, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Pain Treatment Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Naval Med Ctr San Diego, Pain Treatment Ctr, San Diego, CA USA. Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Dept Anesthesia & Crit Care,Pain Management Ctr, Boston, MA USA. RP Cohen, SP (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Sch Med, Dept Anesthesiol & Crit Care Med, Pain Management Div, 550 N Broadway,Suite 301, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. EM scohen40@jhmi.edu NR 31 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 1 PU CHURCHILL LIVINGSTONE PI EDINBURGH PA JOURNAL PRODUCTION DEPT, ROBERT STEVENSON HOUSE, 1-3 BAXTERS PLACE, LEITH WALK, EDINBURGH EH1 3AF, MIDLOTHIAN, SCOTLAND SN 1526-5900 J9 J PAIN JI J. Pain PD JUN PY 2006 VL 7 IS 6 BP 391 EP 398 DI 10.1016/j.jpain.2005.12.010 PG 8 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 053WZ UT WOS:000238338100002 PM 16750795 ER PT J AU Wu, BM Subbarao, KV Ferrandino, FJ Hao, JJ AF Wu, BM Subbarao, KV Ferrandino, FJ Hao, JJ TI Spatial analysis based on variance of moving window averages SO JOURNAL OF PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE aggregation index; spatial dependency ID BETA-BINOMIAL DISTRIBUTION; DISTANCE CLASS ANALYSIS; DISEASE-INCIDENCE DATA; VERTICILLIUM-DAHLIAE; PLANT-DISEASE; PATTERN; AGGREGATION; COMPUTER; SOFTWARE; COUNTS AB A new method for analysing spatial patterns was designed based on the variance of moving window averages (VMWA), which can be directly calculated in geographical information systems or a spreadsheet program (e.g. MS Excel). Different types of artificial data were generated to test the method. Regardless of data types, the VMWA method correctly determined the mean cluster sizes. This method was also employed to assess spatial patterns in historical plant disease survey data encompassing both airborne and soilborne diseases. The results obtained using the VMWA method were generally different from those obtained with Lloyd's index of patchiness and beta-binomial distribution methods, were in partial agreement with the results from spatial analysis by distance indices, and were highly consistent with the results from semivariogram and spatial autocorrelation analysis methods. Results demonstrated that the VMWA method can be applied to many types of data, including binomial diseased or healthy plant counts, incidence, severity, and number of diseased plants or pathogen propagules although directional and edge effects may limit its application. C1 Univ Calif Davis, USA, Res Stn, Dept Plant Pathol, Salinas, CA 93905 USA. RP Subbarao, KV (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, USA, Res Stn, Dept Plant Pathol, 1636 E Alisal St, Salinas, CA 93905 USA. EM kvsubbarao@ucdavis.edu OI Subbarao, Krishna/0000-0002-2075-1835 NR 39 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 7 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0931-1785 J9 J PHYTOPATHOL JI J. Phytopathol. PD JUN PY 2006 VL 154 IS 6 BP 349 EP 360 DI 10.1111/j.1439-0434.2006.01105.x PG 12 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA 043KK UT WOS:000237599700005 ER PT J AU Zhang, SS Xu, K Jow, TR AF Zhang, SS Xu, K Jow, TR TI Enhanced performance of Li-ion cell with LiBF4-PC based electrolyte by addition of small amount of LiBOB SO JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES LA English DT Article DE LiBF4; lithium bis(oxalate)borate; electrolyte additive; solid electrolyte interface; low temperature performance ID LOW-TEMPERATURE PERFORMANCE; CHEMICAL-COMPOSITION; GRAPHITE; BATTERY; SPECTROSCOPY; INTERFACE; ANODES; SALT; FILM; SEI AB LiBF4-PC based electrolytes have superior potentials in enhancing cycling performance of Li-ion cells at low temperature and at high current rate, respectively. However, their application is prevented because of the poor capability in enabling graphite to form a solid electrolyte interface (SEI). In this work, we found that addition of small amount of lithium bis(oxalate)borate (LiBOB) into the LiBF4-based electrolytes could significantly promote SEI formation on the surface of graphite even in solutions with a high content of PC. This is attributed to the fact that LiBOB participates in the formation chemistry of the SEI. Results showed that 1-5 mol% LiBOB is sufficient to promote graphite cycling reversibly in 1.0 m LiBF4 1:13 PC/EC/EMC and 1.0 m LiBF4 1:1 PC/EC, respectively, while the excellent cycling performance of LiBF4-PC based electrolytes at low temperatures was maintained. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Zhang, SS (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM szhang@arl.army.mil RI Zhang, Sheng/A-4456-2012 OI Zhang, Sheng/0000-0003-4435-4110 NR 20 TC 41 Z9 52 U1 4 U2 45 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-7753 J9 J POWER SOURCES JI J. Power Sources PD JUN 1 PY 2006 VL 156 IS 2 BP 629 EP 633 DI 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2005.04.023 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA 054XO UT WOS:000238412100064 ER PT J AU Park, SW Driscoll, CF Romberg, EE Siegel, S Thompson, G AF Park, SW Driscoll, CF Romberg, EE Siegel, S Thompson, G TI Ceramic implant abutments: Cutting efficiency and resultant surface finish by diamond rotary cutting instruments SO JOURNAL OF PROSTHETIC DENTISTRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 82nd General Session of the International-Association-for-Dental-Research/American-Association-for-D ental-Research CY MAR 10-13, 2004 CL Honolulu, HI SP Int Assoc Dent Res, Amer Assoc Dent Res ID RETENTION; ROUGHNESS; CROWNS; CAST AB Statement of problem. There is no information regarding the cutting efficiency and the surface finish produced on ceramic implant abutments when using diamond rotary cutting instruments (DRCIs). Purpose. The purpose of this study was to determine which DRCIs are the most efficient in cutting aluminum oxide and zirconium oxide implant abutments and to evaluate which DRCIs create the prepared ceramic abutment with the least surface roughness. Material and methods. A cutting regimen with a high-speed handpiece, 25 mL/min water spray and a 102.1-g load at the DRCI/ceramic interface was used to section the 4 X 4-mm edge of blocks of aluminum oxide (CerAdapt and Ceramic Esthetic Abutment) and zirconium oxide (Esthetic Zirconium Abutment (Nobel Biocare NB) and ZiReal Post (3i)) provided by the manufacturers. Two different brands of zirconium oxide were tested. Eight DRCIs of different types (Brasseler 2856, 5856, and 6856, Premier 770, TS2000, and Axis 856TSC, 856SC, and 856C) were tested to section each ceramic material 6 times, using a new block and a new DRCI for each test. The surface roughness (Ra value) was measured using a surface profilometer both parallel and perpendicular to the Cut Surface. Cutting cfficiency was measured 3 times for change in weight/length of time (g/sec). The data were analyzed with a 1-way ANOVA and Tukey HSD tests (alpha=.05). Results. For the 3i zirconium oxide, 2 types of DRCIs (Axis 856 TSC and Brasseler 2856) produced a significantly smoother (P<.001 and P<.0001, respectively) surface finish on the shank and tip but not on the start and end. For the NB zirconium oxide, only the Axis 856C consistently produced a significantly smoother (P<.01, P<.0001 and P<.0001, respectively) surface finish on the start, shank, and tip. There was no significant difference in surface roughness of the NB aluminum oxide with use of any of the DRCIs. The Premier 770 was significantly more efficient (P<.0001 for 150 seconds and P<.001 for 300 seconds) in cutting the 3i zirconium oxide. The Premier 770 was significantly more efficient (P<.0001) in cutting the NB zirconium oxide at 150 seconds. The Premier TS2000 was significantly more efficient (P<.0001) at 300 seconds. The Axis 856 TSC was significantly more efficient (P<.0001 for 150 seconds and P<.001 for 300 seconds) in cutting the NB aluminum oxide. Conclusion. For a smoother surface finish, Axis 856C should be used for the NB zirconium oxide abutment, and either Axis 856TSC or Brasseler 2856 should be used for the 3i zirconium oxide abutment. To complete gross reduction on the NB and 3i zirconium oxide abutments, Premier 770 and TS2000 were found to perform the best. Gross reduction on the aluminum oxide ceramic abutment from NB was most efficiently performed by Axis 856TSC. C1 Univ Maryland, Baltimore Coll Dent Surg, Adv Educ Program Prosthodont, Baltimore, MD USA. Univ Maryland, Baltimore Coll Dent Surg, Dept Hlth Promot & Policy, Baltimore, MD USA. Nova SE Univ, Coll Dent, Dept Prosthodont, Ft Lauderdale, FL 33314 USA. USA, Dent & Trauma Res Detachment, Libertyville, IL USA. EM CFD001@dental.umaryland.edu NR 12 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 2 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0022-3913 J9 J PROSTHET DENT JI J. Prosthet. Dent. PD JUN PY 2006 VL 95 IS 6 BP 444 EP 449 DI 10.1016/j.prosdent.2006.04.001 PG 6 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA 054RB UT WOS:000238395200009 PM 16765157 ER PT J AU Cameron, SM Morris, WJ Keesee, SM Barsky, TB Parker, MH AF Cameron, SM Morris, WJ Keesee, SM Barsky, TB Parker, MH TI The effect of preparation taper on the retention of cemented cast crowns under lateral fatigue loading SO JOURNAL OF PROSTHETIC DENTISTRY LA English DT Article ID RESISTANCE FORM; TOOTH PREPARATION; ADEQUATE AB Statement of problem. Clinicians have used resistance form as a basis for determining guidelines for preparation design to ensure clinical success of cemented cast restorations. Disagreement on whether clinical success follows the on-off or linear nature of resistance form continues. Purpose. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the number of cycles required to dislodge a cemented complete crown casting under a cyclic lateral load as a function of taper and to compare this relationship for the resistive and nonresistive ranges of taper. Material and methods. Three dies were milled from stainless steel at each of the following tapers: 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24, 28, and 32 degrees. A gold-palladium metal-ceramic alloy crown was fabricated for each die, cemented, and subjected to lateral cyclic loading until failure or 1,000,000 cycles. The limiting taper for the dies with their given height and base was 26.6 degrees. Dies with taper less than 26.6 degrees had resistance form, whereas dies with taper larger than 26.6 degrees did not. A linear regression (alpha=.05) was used to evaluate the relation of cycles at dislodgement to taper. Results. The average number of cycles to crown dislodgement or completion for each taper (SD), in units of 10,000, was as follows: 4 degrees, 100 (0); 8 degrees, 100 (0); 12 degrees, 93.54 (16.56); 16 degrees, 61.33 (38.47); 20 degrees, 25.73 (34.67); 24 degrees, 4.33 (7.36)); 28 degrees, 0.06 (0.08); and 32 degrees, 0.05 (0.09). The crowns in the resistive area less than 26.6 degrees that demonstrated failure showed a linear regression with a correlation coefficient of -0.995 between the average number of cycles to dislodge the crown and the taper. The slope was significantly different from zero (P=.0048), with a value of -7.58 and a standard error of 0.53. Conclusion. The number of cycles required to cause crown dislodgement was linear after 12 degrees in the resistive area and nearly zero for preparations in the nonresistive area. The limiting taper concept closely predicted the transition point where the slope of the graph of cycles to dislodgement as a function of taper abruptly changed. C1 USA Dent Act, Ft Gordon, GA USA. Med Coll Georgia, Sch Dent, Dept Oral Rehabil, Augusta, GA 30912 USA. USA Dent Act, Baumholder, Germany. USA Dent Act, Seoul, South Korea. Dept Vet Affairs Med Ctr, Augusta, GA USA. EM prosthdir@netzero.net NR 20 TC 18 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 2 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0022-3913 J9 J PROSTHET DENT JI J. Prosthet. Dent. PD JUN PY 2006 VL 95 IS 6 BP 456 EP 461 DI 10.1016/j.prosdent.2006.03.021 PG 6 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA 054RB UT WOS:000238395200011 PM 16765159 ER PT J AU Killgore, WDS McBride, SA AF Killgore, WDS McBride, SA TI Odor identification accuracy declines following 24 h of sleep deprivation SO JOURNAL OF SLEEP RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE olfaction; olfactory; sleep deprivation; smell identification ID MEDIAL PREFRONTAL CORTEX; CARD SORTING PERFORMANCE; TEST-RETEST RELIABILITY; DECISION-MAKING; OLFACTORY IDENTIFICATION; ORBITOFRONTAL CORTEX; INTERNAL CONSISTENCY; ANTERIOR CINGULATE; SYSTEM DYSFUNCTION; BRAIN AB Brain imaging studies demonstrate that sleep deprivation reduces glucose metabolism and blood flow in the prefrontal cortex, and such reductions are associated with impairments in cognitive functioning. Although some of the greatest metabolic declines occur within the orbitofrontal cortex, little is known about the effects of sleep loss on the types of processes mediated by this region, including emotion, motivation, feeding, and olfaction. The present study tested odor identification accuracy when individuals were well rested and again following 24 h of wakefulness. Relative to rested baseline performance, sleep-deprived individuals demonstrated a significant decline in the ability to identify specific odors on the Smell Identification Test. This decrement in olfactory functioning occurred concomitantly with slowed psychomotor speed and increased ratings of self-reported sleepiness. Performance on a task that required complex mental set shifting did not change significantly following sleep deprivation, suggesting that the decrements in odor identification could not be attributed to task difficulty. Finally, while there was no relationship between subjective sleepiness and odor identification at rested baseline, greater subjective sleepiness was associated with better odor identification ability following 24 h of sleep loss. Possible implications of these findings are discussed. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Behav Biol, Div Neurosci, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Killgore, WDS (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Behav Biol, Div Neurosci, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM william.killgore@na.amedd.army.mil NR 61 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 2 U2 5 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0962-1105 J9 J SLEEP RES JI J. Sleep Res. PD JUN PY 2006 VL 15 IS 2 BP 111 EP 116 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2869.2006.00502.x PG 6 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 043KI UT WOS:000237599500001 PM 16704564 ER PT J AU Mahoney, CR Hirsch, ES Hasselquist, L Lesher, LL Leiberman, HR AF Mahoney, CR Hirsch, ES Hasselquist, L Lesher, LL Leiberman, HR TI Effects of exercise and heavy load carriage on vigilance SO JOURNAL OF SPORT & EXERCISE PSYCHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Natick Soldier Ctr, Natick, MA USA. Geocenters Inc, Newton, MA USA. USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU HUMAN KINETICS PUBL INC PI CHAMPAIGN PA 1607 N MARKET ST, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61820-2200 USA SN 0895-2779 J9 J SPORT EXERCISE PSY JI J. Sport Exerc. Psychol. PD JUN PY 2006 VL 28 SU S BP S125 EP S125 PG 1 WC Hospitality, Leisure, Sport & Tourism; Psychology, Applied; Psychology; Sport Sciences SC Social Sciences - Other Topics; Psychology; Sport Sciences GA 050ZV UT WOS:000238130900248 ER PT J AU Webb, HE McMinn, DR Garten, RS Beckman, JL Kamimori, GH Acevedo, EO AF Webb, HE McMinn, DR Garten, RS Beckman, JL Kamimori, GH Acevedo, EO TI Stress hormone responses in firefighters during physical and psychological stress SO JOURNAL OF SPORT & EXERCISE PSYCHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Univ New S Wales, Kensington, NSW 2033, Australia. Univ Mississippi, University, MS 38677 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RI Webb, Heather/A-4219-2010 OI Webb, Heather/0000-0002-3925-9613 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU HUMAN KINETICS PUBL INC PI CHAMPAIGN PA 1607 N MARKET ST, CHAMPAIGN, IL 61820-2200 USA SN 0895-2779 J9 J SPORT EXERCISE PSY JI J. Sport Exerc. Psychol. PD JUN PY 2006 VL 28 SU S BP S190 EP S191 PG 2 WC Hospitality, Leisure, Sport & Tourism; Psychology, Applied; Psychology; Sport Sciences SC Social Sciences - Other Topics; Psychology; Sport Sciences GA 050ZV UT WOS:000238130900382 ER PT J AU Kauvar, DS Baer, DG Dubick, MA Walters, TJ AF Kauvar, DS Baer, DG Dubick, MA Walters, TJ TI Effect of fluid resuscitation on acute skeletal muscle ischemia-reperfusion injury after hemorrhagic shock in rats SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF SURGEONS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 91st Annual Clinical Congress of the American-College-of-Surgeons CY OCT 16-20, 2005 CL San Francisco, CA SP Amer Coll Surg ID COMBAT CASUALTY CARE; HYDROXYETHYL STARCH; MICROVASCULAR PERMEABILITY; COMPARTMENT SYNDROME; RINGERS SOLUTION; STRIATED-MUSCLE; FIBER-TYPE; PATHOPHYSIOLOGY; BATTLEFIELD; VOLUME AB BACKGROUND: Severe extremity wounds with vascular injury are common in military trauma, and tourniquets are commonly used for hemorrhage control. The complications of tourniquet use in the setting of trauma are not well studied. This study investigated the combined effect of hemorrhagic shock and fluid resuscitation with Hextend (HX; BioTime, Inc) or lactated Ringer's (LR) on skeletal muscle subjected to tourniquet-induced ischemia-reperfusion injury. STUDY DESIGN: Thirty male Sprague-Dawley rats underwent 33% arterial hemorrhage followed by 3 hours of tourniquet application. Before reperfusion, 10 animals each were resuscitated with lactated Ringer's (3 times shed volume) or HX (shed volume). Ten control animals received no resuscitation. Rats were euthanized 2 hours after tourniquet release and the tibialis anterior and medial gastrocnemius muscles were examined for edema (muscle wet weight) and viability (nitroblue tetrazolium reduction). Contralateral muscles served as controls for each animal, with results expressed as the ratio of the tourniquet limb to contralateral limb values. RESULTS: The tibialis anterior and medial gastrocnemius muscles in all groups experienced edema, with all weight ratios greater than one. Resuscitation with HX resulted in significantly (p < 0.05) greater edema than did no resuscitation in both muscles and greater edema than with lactated Ringer's in the medial gastrocnemius. All groups experienced a loss of viability as well, with nitroblue tetrazolium reduction ratios less than one. Resuscitation with HX resulted in significantly less viability loss than did no resuscitation in the medial gastrocnemius. No significant differences in viability were seen in the tibialis anterior. CONCLUSIONS: Resuscitation with HX or lactated Ringer's does not adversely affect muscle viability in ischemia-reperfusion injury. HX may be a better clinical choice when skeletal muscle ischemia-reperfusion injury is a risk, despite greater edema. C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Kauvar, DS (reprint author), USA, Inst Surg Res, 3400 Rawley E Chambers Ave, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 40 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1072-7515 J9 J AM COLL SURGEONS JI J. Am. Coll. Surg. PD JUN PY 2006 VL 202 IS 6 BP 888 EP 896 DI 10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2006.03.003 PG 9 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA 050EW UT WOS:000238071300005 PM 16735202 ER PT J AU Scultetus, AH Villavicencio, JL Koustova, E Rich, NM AF Scultetus, AH Villavicencio, JL Koustova, E Rich, NM TI To heal and to serve: Military medical education throughout the centuries SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF SURGEONS LA English DT Article C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Mil Casualty Res, Dept Resuscitat Med, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Surg, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Scultetus, AH (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Mil Casualty Res, Dept Resuscitat Med, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. NR 46 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1072-7515 J9 J AM COLL SURGEONS JI J. Am. Coll. Surg. PD JUN PY 2006 VL 202 IS 6 BP 1005 EP 1016 DI 10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2006.02.010 PG 12 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA 050EW UT WOS:000238071300021 PM 16735218 ER PT J AU Caviness, KS Fox, GA Deliman, PN AF Caviness, KS Fox, GA Deliman, PN TI Modeling the Big Black River: A comparison of water quality models SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN WATER RESOURCES ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article DE dissolved oxygen; QUAL2E; STREAM; wastewater discharge; water quality modeling; Big Black River ID REAERATION COEFFICIENTS; QUAL2E; UNCERTAINTY; MANAGEMENT; BASIN; LOADS AB The Mississippi Department of Environmental Quality uses the Steady Riverine Environmental Assessment Model (STREAM) to establish effluent limitations. While the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency has approved of its use, questions arise regarding the model's simplicity. The objective of this research was to compare STREAM with the more commonly utilized Enhanced Stream Water Quality Model (QUAL2E). The comparison involved a statistical evaluation procedure based on sensitivity analyses, input probability distribution functions, and Monte Carlo simulation with site-specific data from a 46-mile (74-km) reach of the Big Black River in central Mississippi. Site specific probability distribution functions were derived from measured rates of reaeration, sediment oxygen demand, photosynthesis, and respiration. Both STREAM and QUAL2E reasonably predicted daily average dissolved oxygen (DO) based on a comparison of output probability distributions with observed DO. Observed DO was consistently within 90 percent confidence intervals of model predictions. The STREAM approach generally overpredicted while QUAL2E generally matched observed DO. Using the more commonly assumed lognormal distribution as opposed to a Weibull distribution for two of the sensitive input parameters resulted in minimal differences in the statistical evaluations. The QUAL2E approach had distinct advantages over STREAM in simulating the growth cycle of algae. C1 Mississippi Dept Environm Qual, Surface Water Div, TMDL WLA Branch, Jackson, MS 39289 USA. Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Agr & Biosyst Engn, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. USA, Corps Engineers, Environm Engn Branch, Ctr Res & Dev, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. USA, Corps Engineers, Environm Res & Dev Ctr, Ctr Res & Dev, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Caviness, KS (reprint author), Mississippi Dept Environm Qual, Surface Water Div, TMDL WLA Branch, POB 10385, Jackson, MS 39289 USA. EM garey.fox@okstate.edu NR 32 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 6 PU AMER WATER RESOURCES ASSOC PI MIDDLEBURG PA 4 WEST FEDERAL ST, PO BOX 1626, MIDDLEBURG, VA 20118-1626 USA SN 1093-474X J9 J AM WATER RESOUR AS JI J. Am. Water Resour. Assoc. PD JUN PY 2006 VL 42 IS 3 BP 617 EP 627 DI 10.1111/j.1752-1688.2006.tb04480.x PG 11 WC Engineering, Environmental; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Engineering; Geology; Water Resources GA 059NA UT WOS:000238738300006 ER PT J AU Holcomb, J AF Holcomb, J TI The experience of the US Marine Corps' Surgical Shock Trauma Platoon with 417 operative combat casualties during a 12 month period of Operation Iraqi Freedom - Editorial comment SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Editorial Material ID UNITED-STATES; CARE; HISTORY C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Holcomb, J (reprint author), USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1079-6061 J9 J TRAUMA JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care PD JUN PY 2006 VL 60 IS 6 BP 1161 EP 1162 PG 2 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA 053TR UT WOS:000238328700002 ER PT J AU Cooke, WH Lurie, KG Rohrer, MJ Convertino, VA AF Cooke, WH Lurie, KG Rohrer, MJ Convertino, VA TI Human autonomic and cerebrovascular responses to inspiratory impedance SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Article DE hemorrhage; resuscitation; cardiovascular regulation; cerebral blood flow velocity; shock ID DYNAMIC CEREBRAL AUTOREGULATION; HEART-RATE-VARIABILITY; CARDIOPULMONARY-RESUSCITATION; BLOOD-PRESSURE; SPECTRAL-ANALYSIS; THRESHOLD VALVE; CARDIAC-OUTPUT; BAROREFLEX; EXERCISE; RHYTHMS AB Background: We evaluated the influence of breathing through an inspiratory Impedance Threshold Device (ITD) on autonomic neural and cerebrovascular function. Methods: Eight subjects breathed through a sham ITD (0 cmH(2)O) and an active ITD (-7 cmH(2)O) in the supine position. We recorded the ECG, finger photoplethysmographic arterial pressure, cerebral blood flow velocity, and muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA). In a randomized, counterbalanced design, subjects breathed spontaneously and also breathed at a set cadence of 15 breaths/min (0.25 Hz) for 3 minutes each. Data were analyzed in both time and frequency domains. Results: Breathing through the active ITD increased mean arterial pressure by similar to 5 mm Hg, heart rate by 2 bpm, and mean cerebral blood flow velocity by 10% (p < 0.05) with no effect on MSNA or estimates of vagal-cardiac control (p > 0.05). The active ITD did not affect oscillations of interbeat R-R intervals, arterial pressures, or cerebral flow velocities within the low frequency (LF) domain of the power spectrum (p > 0.05). Cross spectral analysis revealed no effect of the active ITD on transfer function magnitudes among arterial pressures and R-R intervals, or between arterial pressures and cerebral blood flow velocities at the LF (p > 0.05). Conclusions. Our results demonstrate that the ITD increases arterial pressure, heart rate, and cerebral blood flow velocity independent of changes in autonomic cardiovascular control or dynamic cerebral autoregulation. Use of an active ITD in situations of acute central hypovolemia, such as during hemorrhage, may slow the progression to hemodynamic instability in bleeding patients who retain the ability to ventilate spontaneously and robustly. C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Med Cardiol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Univ Texas, Dept Hlth & Kinesiol, San Antonio, TX 78285 USA. Univ Minnesota, Dept Emergency Med, Minneapolis Med Res Fdn, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. Univ Minnesota, Hennepin Cty Med Ctr, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. RP Convertino, VA (reprint author), USA, Inst Surg Res, 3400 Rawley E Chambers Ave, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM victor.convertino@amedd.army.mil NR 39 TC 12 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1079-6061 J9 J TRAUMA JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care PD JUN PY 2006 VL 60 IS 6 BP 1275 EP 1283 DI 10.1097/01.ta.0000221348.82115.a2 PG 9 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA 053TR UT WOS:000238328700028 PM 16766971 ER PT J AU Eastridge, BJ Malone, D Holcomb, JB AF Eastridge, BJ Malone, D Holcomb, JB TI Early predictors of transfusion and mortality after injury: A review of the data-based literature SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Early Massive Trauma Transfusion CY MAY 26-27, 2005 CL USA Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX HO USA Inst Surg Res DE trauma; blood; transfusion; hemorrhage; mortality; outcome; prediction ID BLUNT TRAUMA PATIENTS; INTENSIVE-CARE-UNIT; BLOOD-TRANSFUSION; MASSIVE TRANSFUSION; SEVERITY SCORE; MAJOR TRAUMA; PATIENT; DEFICIT; RESUSCITATION; HYPOTHERMIA C1 Univ Texas, SW Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Div Burn Trauma & Crit Care, Dallas, TX 75230 USA. Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Surg, R Adams Cowley Shock Trauma Ctr, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Eastridge, BJ (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78243 USA. EM Brian.Eastridge@amedd.army.mil NR 60 TC 34 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1079-6061 J9 J TRAUMA JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care PD JUN PY 2006 VL 60 IS 6 SU S BP S20 EP S24 DI 10.1097/01.ta.0000199544.63879.5d PG 5 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA 055VB UT WOS:000238477600006 PM 16763476 ER PT J AU Holcomb, JB Hess, JR AF Holcomb, JB Hess, JR TI Early massive trauma transfusion: State of the art SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, San Antonio, TX USA. Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Dept Pathol & Med, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. RP Holcomb, JB (reprint author), 3400 Rawley E Chambers Ave,Bldg 3611, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM John.Holcomb@amedd.army.mil NR 0 TC 29 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1079-6061 J9 J TRAUMA JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care PD JUN PY 2006 VL 60 IS 6 SU S BP S1 EP S2 DI 10.1097/01.ta.0000199638.50985.c7 PG 2 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA 055VB UT WOS:000238477600001 ER PT J AU Ketchum, L Hess, JR Hiippala, S AF Ketchum, L Hess, JR Hiippala, S TI Indications for early fresh frozen plasma, cryoprecipitate, and platelet transfusion in trauma SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Early Massive Trauma Transfusion CY MAY 26-27, 2005 CL USA Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX HO USA Inst Surg Res DE massive transfusion; coagulopathy; blood components ID MASSIVE TRANSFUSION; BLOOD-TRANSFUSION; COAGULATION; COAGULOPATHY AB Background. Massive blood transfusion can be lifesaving in the treatment of severe trauma. Guidelines for the use of non-RBC blood components in the early phase of trauma resuscitation are largely based on extensions of expert recommendations for general surgery. Methods. The logic and evidence for the use of plasma, platelets, and cryoprecipitate early in the course of massive transfusion for trauma were reviewed. Large series of consecutive patients were sought. Findings: Resuscitation of the most severely injured and massively hemorrhaging patients usually starts with crystalloid fluids and progresses to uncross-matched RBC. Low blood volume, insensible losses, consumption, and resuscitation with plasma poor RBC concentrates rapidly lead to plasma coagulation factor concentrations of less than 40%. This typically occurs before 10 U of RBC have been transfused. Early initiation of plasma therapy is often delayed by its lack of immediate availability in the trauma center. Platelets usually fall to concentrations of 50-100x 109/L after 10-20 units of RBC have been given, but platelet concentrations in individual patients are quite variable and can decrease more quickly. Ideal platelet concentrations in trauma patients are not known, but are generally held to be greater than 50x 10(9)/L. Cryoprecipitate can rapidly increase the concentrations of fibrinogen and von Willebrand's factor, but the advantages of higher than normal concentrations are speculative. Conclusion: Early use of plasma and platelets at the upper end of recommended doses appears to reduce the incidence of coagulopathy in massively transfused individuals. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Blood Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. Univ Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland. RP Ketchum, L (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Blood Res, 503 Robert Grant Ave MCR, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM Lloyd.Ketchum@na.amedd.army.mil NR 19 TC 135 Z9 139 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1079-6061 J9 J TRAUMA JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care PD JUN PY 2006 VL 60 IS 6 SU S BP S51 EP S56 DI 10.1097/01.ta.0000199432.88847.0c PG 6 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA 055VB UT WOS:000238477600015 PM 16763482 ER PT J AU Repine, TB Perkins, JG Kauvar, DS Blackborne, L AF Repine, TB Perkins, JG Kauvar, DS Blackborne, L TI The use of fresh whole blood in massive transfusion SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Early Massive Trauma Transfusion CY MAY 26-27, 2005 CL USA Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX HO USA Inst Surg Res DE fresh whole blood; massive transfusion; trauma; combat casualty care; blood banking; walking blood bank ID CARDIAC OPERATIONS; TRAUMA RESUSCITATION; HEMORRHAGIC-SHOCK; UNITED-STATES; MAJOR TRAUMA; SEPTEMBER 11; COAGULOPATHY; SURVIVAL; DISASTER; EXPERIENCE AB Background. Most indications for whole blood transfusion are now well managed exclusively with blood component therapy, yet the use of fresh whole blood for resuscitating combat casualties has persisted in the U.S. military. Methods. Published descriptions of whole blood use in military and civilian settings were compared with use of whole blood at the 31st Combat Support Hospital (31st CSH) stationed in Baghdad in 2004-2005. Findings.' Concerns about logistics, safety, and relative efficacy of whole blood versus component therapy have argued against the use of whole blood in most settings. However, military physicians have observed some distinct advantages in fresh warm whole blood over component therapy during the massive resuscitation of acidotic, hypothermic, and coagulopathic trauma patients. In this critical role, fresh whole blood was eventually incorporated as an adjunct into a novel whole-blood-based massive transfusion protocol. conclusions. Conclusion: Under extreme and austere circumstances, the risk:benefit ratio of whole blood transfusion favors its use. Fresh whole blood may, at times, be advantageous even when conventional component therapy is available. C1 William Beaumont Army Med Ctr, El Paso, TX 79920 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Inst Surg Res, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Repine, TB (reprint author), 5005 N Piedras, El Paso, TX 79920 USA. EM Thomas.Repine@amedd.army.mil NR 52 TC 111 Z9 118 U1 1 U2 7 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1079-6061 J9 J TRAUMA JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care PD JUN PY 2006 VL 60 IS 6 SU S BP S59 EP S66 DI 10.1097/01.ta.0000219013.64168.b2 PG 8 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA 055VB UT WOS:000238477600017 PM 16763483 ER PT J AU Morey, AF Kizer, WS AF Morey, AF Kizer, WS TI Proximal bulbar urethroplasty via extended anastomotic approach - What are the limits? SO JOURNAL OF UROLOGY LA English DT Article DE urethra; surgical anastomosis; urethral obstruction; urethral stricture ID ANTERIOR URETHRAL STRICTURES; EXCISION AB Purpose: We report our initial experience with men who underwent EAU for strictures greater than 2.5 cm involving the proximal bulbar urethra. Materials and Methods: Of the more than 250 men who underwent urethral reconstruction at our institution during 1997 to 2005 a select consecutive group of 22 in whom proximal bulbar urethral strictures were treated with primary bulbomem-branous anastomosis were evaluated. Outcomes in men with strictures greater than 2.5 cm long (EAU) were compared to those in men with shorter strictures in the same proximal bulbar location. Cases of post-traumatic urethral disruption related to pelvic fractures were omitted. American Urological Association symptom index scores and erectile function questionnaires were completed more than 6 months postoperatively. Results of a prior study using the same erectile function questionnaire after various types of urethroplasty and circumcision were then compared to those of our series. Results: Patients with EAU had an average stricture length of 3.78 cm (range 2.6 to 5.0) and 10 of 11 procedures (91%) were successful. Anastomotic urethroplasty performed for similar proximal bulbar strictures less than 2.5 cm (mean 1.5, range 1.0 to 2.3) was successful in 10 of 11 cases (91%). Mean followup was 22.1 months and all followups were more than 1 year. Men treated with EAU had no increased rate of stricture recurrence or erectile complaints compared to men in whom shorter proximal bulbar strictures were repaired using an identical surgical technique. Similarly no increased rate of erectile problems was identified compared to other types of urethroplasty and circumcision using an identical questionnaire. Conclusions: Urethral reconstructability is proportional to the length and elasticity of the distal urethral segment. Defects up to 5 cm may be successfull excised and primarily reconstructed in select young men with proximal bulbar strictures. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Urol Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Morey, AF (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Urol Serv, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM allen.morey@cen.amedd.army.mil NR 19 TC 52 Z9 54 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-5347 J9 J UROLOGY JI J. Urol. PD JUN PY 2006 VL 175 IS 6 BP 2145 EP 2149 DI 10.1016/S0022-5347(06)00259-X PG 5 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 043FJ UT WOS:000237585100045 PM 16697823 ER PT J AU Kendirci, M Gupta, S Shaw, K Morey, A Jones, L Hakim, L Hellstrom, WJG AF Kendirci, M Gupta, S Shaw, K Morey, A Jones, L Hakim, L Hellstrom, WJG TI Synchronous prosthetic implantation through a transscrotal incision: An outcome analysis SO JOURNAL OF UROLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 99th Annual Meeting of the American-Urological-Association CY MAY 08-13, 2004 CL San Francisco, CA SP Amer Urol Assoc DE penis; prostheses and implants; impotence; urinary incontinence ID ARTIFICIAL URINARY SPHINCTER; INFLATABLE PENILE PROSTHESIS; INCONTINENCE AB Purpose: The ease of the transscrotal approach for penile prosthesis implantation and the proximity of the urethra has allowed the evolution of a new strategy for dual implantation of an AUS and IPP at a single setting. Concerns regarding increased infection rates and poor outcomes have prevented widespread acceptance of this simultaneous implantation technique. A multi-institutional evaluation of dual prosthesis implantation was performed to determine the overall efficacy, safety and long-term success of this innovative approach. Materials and Methods: We performed a multi-institutional, retrospective analysis in patients with 2 urological prostheses (AUS and IPP). Only patients undergoing dual implantation via a single transscrotal technique were included for evaluation. Comorbidities, infection rates, and intraoperative and postoperative complications were recorded. Results: A total of 22 men underwent AUS and IPP device implantation between 2000 and 2003 in a synchronous manner. Mean followup was 17 months. Complications were urethral erosion in 2 patients (9%) and reservoir migration in 2 (9%), of whom 1 underwent revision. Importantly no patient experienced a prosthetic infection postoperatively. The overall revision rate was 14%, due to urethral erosion of the AUS in 2 patients and reservoir migration in 1. All patients reported urinary leakage requiring 1 pad daily or less. Conclusions: Our initial intermediate followup in patients who underwent synchronous dual prosthetic implantation was favorable. The inherent advantage of a single anesthetic event and a single transscrotal incision should encourage widespread acceptance of this technique. C1 Tulane Univ, Hlth Sci Ctr, Sect Androl, Dept Urol, New Orleans, LA 70112 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. Cleveland Clin Florida, Dept Urol, Weston, FL USA. RP Hellstrom, WJG (reprint author), Tulane Univ, Hlth Sci Ctr, Sect Androl, Dept Urol, 1430 Tulane Ave,SL 42, New Orleans, LA 70112 USA. EM whellst@tulane.edu NR 15 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-5347 J9 J UROLOGY JI J. Urol. PD JUN PY 2006 VL 175 IS 6 BP 2218 EP 2222 DI 10.1016/S0022-5347(06)00345-4 PG 5 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 043FJ UT WOS:000237585100066 PM 16697843 ER PT J AU Rueda, LM Kim, HC Klein, TA Pecor, JE Li, C Sithiprasasna, R Debboun, M Wilkerson, RC AF Rueda, Leopoldo M. Kim, Heung-Cheul Klein, Terry A. Pecor, James E. Li, Cong Sithiprasasna, Ratana Debboun, Mustapha Wilkerson, Richard C. TI Distribution and larval habitat characteristics of Anopheles Hyrcanus Group and related mosquito species (Diptera : Culicidae) in South Korea SO JOURNAL OF VECTOR ECOLOGY LA English DT Article DE mosquitoes; Anopheles; Hyrcanus Group; malaria; Diptera; Culicidae; Korea ID SINENSIS; MALARIA; VECTOR C1 Smithsonian Inst, Walter Reed Biosystemat Unit, Museum Supprt Ctr, Suitland, MD 20746 USA. USA, Med Detachment 5, Med Command 18, Unit 15247, APO, AP 96205 USA. USA, Force Hlth Protect, Med Command 18, Unit 15281, APO, AP 96205 USA. Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Dept Entomol, USA Med Component, Bangkok, Thailand. USA, Med Dept Ctr & Sch, Acad Hlth Sci, Med Zool Branch, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Rueda, LM (reprint author), Smithsonian Inst, Walter Reed Biosystemat Unit, Museum Supprt Ctr, 4210 Silver Hill Rd, Suitland, MD 20746 USA. RI Valle, Ruben/A-7512-2013 NR 27 TC 16 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 2 PU SOC VECTOR ECOLOGY PI CORONA PA 1966 COMPTON AVE, CORONA, CA 92881 USA SN 1081-1710 EI 1948-7134 J9 J VECTOR ECOL JI J. Vector Ecol. PD JUN PY 2006 VL 31 IS 1 BP 198 EP 205 DI 10.3376/1081-1710(2006)31[198:DALHCO]2.0.CO;2 PG 8 WC Entomology SC Entomology GA 062HX UT WOS:000238936300027 PM 16859110 ER PT J AU Martin, NC Pardo, J Simmons, M Tjaden, JA Widjaja, S Marovich, MA Sun, W Porter, KR Burgess, TH AF Martin, NC Pardo, J Simmons, M Tjaden, JA Widjaja, S Marovich, MA Sun, W Porter, KR Burgess, TH TI An immunocytometric assay based on dengue infection via DC-SIGN permits rapid measurement of anti-dengue neutralizing antibodies SO JOURNAL OF VIROLOGICAL METHODS LA English DT Article DE dengue virus; DC-SIGN; neutralization; PRNT; immunocytofluorimetry; dengue antibodies ID PLAQUE REDUCTION NEUTRALIZATION; GLYCOPROTEIN PROTECT MICE; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODIES; ANIMAL VIRUSES; VACCINE FORMULATIONS; HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER; T-CELLS; COHORT AB Dengue remains a global public health threat and development of a safe and effective vaccine is a principal public health goal. The primary correlate of immunity is thought to be neutralizing antibodies. Currently, the plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT) is the gold standard measure of dengue neutralizing antibody responses, but this test is limited by time-consuming performance. In addition, some feel that use of viral strains adapted to grow in Vero or BHK cells may not accurately reflect protective responses. A human cell line transfected to express a putative natural dengue receptor, DC-SIGN (CD209), was used to measure antibody-mediated dengue neutralization. Using neutralizing monoclonal antibodies, immune sera, and laboratory adapted dengue viruses, serotype-specific neutralizing activity was demonstrated similar to that seen in the Vero PRNT. Importantly, serotype-specific neutralizing activity against recently isolated dengue strains with less heterotypic cross-neutralization than laboratory adapted viruses was also demonstrated. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 USN, Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Naval Med Res Unit 2, Jakarta 96520, Indonesia. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Burgess, TH (reprint author), USN, Med Res Ctr, 503 Robert Grant Ave,Bldg 503,Room 3N25, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM burgesst@nmrc.navy.mil RI Porter, Kevin/A-8027-2011 NR 32 TC 27 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-0934 J9 J VIROL METHODS JI J. Virol. Methods PD JUN PY 2006 VL 134 IS 1-2 BP 74 EP 85 DI 10.1016/j.jviromet.2005.12.002 PG 12 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology GA 049GZ UT WOS:000238005500011 PM 16417930 ER PT J AU Allan, PF Abouchahine, S Harvis, L Morris, MJ AF Allan, PF Abouchahine, S Harvis, L Morris, MJ TI Progressive vocal cord dysfunction subsequent to a chlorine gas exposure SO JOURNAL OF VOICE LA English DT Article DE chlorine; airway irritant; vocal cord dysfunction; dyspnea AB Chlorine gas inhalation, similar to other toxic gas exposures, can impart a variety of effects to the entire airway ranging from mucous membrane irritation to acute respiratory distress syndrome. The extent and location of damage is determined by numerous situational factors such as the duration of exposure, quantity of gas released, environmental factors, and instituted chemical defense measures. Reactive airways dysfunction and nonspecific bronchial hyperresponsiveness are commonly reported as sequelae to chlorine exposure. This article constitutes the first case of a single antecedent chlorine exposure inducing progressive vocal cord dysfunction. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA. RP Allan, PF (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, MCHE, MDP, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM michael.morris@amedd.army.mil NR 9 TC 6 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0892-1997 J9 J VOICE JI J. Voice PD JUN PY 2006 VL 20 IS 2 BP 291 EP 296 DI 10.1016/j.jvoice.2005.04.003 PG 6 WC Otorhinolaryngology SC Otorhinolaryngology GA 047KG UT WOS:000237877600013 PM 16293397 ER PT J AU Willens, S Dupree, SH Stoskopf, MK Lewbart, GA AF Willens, S Dupree, SH Stoskopf, MK Lewbart, GA TI Measurements of common iliac arterial blood flow in Anurans using Doppler ultrasound SO JOURNAL OF ZOO AND WILDLIFE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE bullfrog; blood flow; Bufo marinas; Doppler ultrasound; marine toad; Rana catesbeiana ID RANA-CATESBEIANA; BUFO-MARINUS; MALATHION; RESPONSES; PERFUSION; TADPOLES; GROWTH; SKIN AB Color Doppler ultrasonography was used to determine time-average mean velocity and cross-sectional area of the common iliac artery in bullfrogs (Rana catesbeiana) and marine toads (Bufo marinas). Volumetric blood flow and weight-adjusted blood flow measurements were calculated from this data. Volumetric flow rates of frogs (31.8 ml/min) and toads (23.6 ml/min) did not differ statistically. However, when flow rates were adjusted for body mass, toads displayed a significantly greater flow rate of 238.1 ml/min/kg compared to 114.4 ml/min/kg for frogs. C1 N Carolina State Univ, Coll Vet Med, Raleigh, NC 27606 USA. RP Willens, S (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, 3100 Ricketts Point Rd, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 23 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER ASSOC ZOO VETERINARIANS PI MEDIA PA 6 NORTH PENNELL ROAD, MEDIA, PA 19063 USA SN 1042-7260 J9 J ZOO WILDLIFE MED JI J. Zoo Wildl. Med. PD JUN PY 2006 VL 37 IS 2 BP 97 EP 101 DI 10.1638/05-010.1 PG 5 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 051XW UT WOS:000238196000001 PM 17312785 ER PT J AU Fiorello, CV Robbins, RG Maffei, L Wade, SE AF Fiorello, CV Robbins, RG Maffei, L Wade, SE TI Parasites of free-ranging small canids and felids in the Bolivian Chaco SO JOURNAL OF ZOO AND WILDLIFE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE endoparasites; ectoparasites; heartworm disease; Toxoplasma gondii; carnivores; Bolivian Chaco ID TOXOPLASMA-GONDII; LYNX-RUFUS; SEROPREVALENCE AB Parasite surveys of free-ranging wildlife provide important information for monitoring population health. Between March 2001 and March 2003, we sampled 10 ocelots (Leopardus pardalis), eight Geoffroy's cats (Oncifelis geoffroyi), a jaguarundi (Herpailurus yaguarondi), five pampas foxes (Pseudalopex gymnocercus), and three crab-eating foxes (Cerdocyon thous) at three sites in the Bolivian Chaco. The objective of the study was to survey the parasite fauna of these carnivores and compare prevalence of parasites among the sites. The parasite community of these carnivores was diverse, with representatives from eight genera of nematodes, two families of cestodes, two protozoan species, and six arthropod species. Fecal parasites identified from 12 of the 13 felids and five of the six canids examined included Aelurostrongylus abstrusus, Ancylostoma tubaeforme, Uncinaria sp., Crenosoma sp., Toxocara cati, Spirurida, Capillaria aerophila, Spirometra sp., Taeniidae, and Cystoisospora sp. Four tick species, Amblyomma parvum, A. tigrinum, A. ovale, and A. cajennense, and two flea species, Pulex irritans and Delostichus phyllotis, were identified. Two crab-eating foxes had serologic evidence of heartworm disease (HWD). Antibodies against Toxoplasma gondii were found in 15 of 26 animals. Although HWD was found only in canids inside the national park, parasite prevalence did not appear to differ among sites, and no evidence was found of parasite spillover from domestic to wild carnivores. C1 Wildlife Conservat Soc, Field Vet Program, Bronx, NY 10460 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Armed Forces Pest Management Board, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Wildlife Conservat Soc, Santa Cruz 6272, Bolivia. Cornell Univ, Coll Vet Med, New York State Anim Hlth Diagnost Lab, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. RP Fiorello, CV (reprint author), Univ Florida, Coll Vet Med, Dept Small Anim Clin Sci, POB 100126, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA. NR 25 TC 19 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 19 PU AMER ASSOC ZOO VETERINARIANS PI MEDIA PA 6 NORTH PENNELL ROAD, MEDIA, PA 19063 USA SN 1042-7260 J9 J ZOO WILDLIFE MED JI J. Zoo Wildl. Med. PD JUN PY 2006 VL 37 IS 2 BP 130 EP 134 DI 10.1638/05-075.1 PG 5 WC Veterinary Sciences SC Veterinary Sciences GA 051XW UT WOS:000238196000006 PM 17312790 ER PT J AU Hays, NP Bathalon, GP Roubenoff, R McCrory, MA Roberts, SB AF Hays, NP Bathalon, GP Roubenoff, R McCrory, MA Roberts, SB TI Eating behavior and weight change in healthy postmenopausal women: Results of a 4-year longitudinal study SO JOURNALS OF GERONTOLOGY SERIES A-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES AND MEDICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article ID LOW-CALORIE DIET; BODY-WEIGHT; ENERGY-EXPENDITURE; OBESE WOMEN; FOOD-INTAKE; CARBOHYDRATE DIET; RANDOMIZED-TRIAL; QUEBEC FAMILY; OLDER WOMEN; LOW-FAT AB Background. The association of psychological eating behavior constructs with overweight and obesity during early adult life and middle age has been documented in several studies. However, the association of eating behavior with unexplained weight change in old age is relatively unexplored. Methods. Body weight, eating behavior (dietary restraint, disinhibition, and hunger as assessed by the Eating Inventory), reported dietary intake, and physical activity level were assessed at baseline in 36 nonobese postmenopausal women aged 61.3 +/- 3.1 years (mean standard deviation). Measurements were repeated 4.4 +/- 0.9 years later, and changes in body weight were examined in relation to baseline and follow-up eating behavior scores, reported dietary intake, and physical activity level. Results. Participants had no major changes in health or lifestyle characteristics over the study interval. Weight change ranged from -7.5 to +5.8 kg (mean -0.3 +/- 3.5 kg), and there were no significant changes in reported dietary intake. Mean hunger score (calculated as the mean of baseline and follow-up hunger score) predicted weight change per year over the study period (bivariate r = 0.386, p =.020), even in statistical models adjusted for mean dietary intake variables (partial r = 0.658, p =.003). Restraint, disinhibition, and physical activity level did not predict weight change. Conclusions. Reported hunger assessed by the Eating Inventory was associated with unintentional weight change in healthy postmenopausal women. The Eating Inventory questionnaire may provide a clinically useful tool for identifying older individuals at risk of undesirable weight change, and particularly unintentional weight loss, a factor strongly associated with increased morbidity and premature death in this population. C1 Tufts Univ, USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Agrin, Energy Metab Lab, Boston, MA 02111 USA. Univ Arkansas Med Sci, Donald W Reynolds Dept Geriatr, Little Rock, AR USA. US Army Res Inst Environm Med, Natick, MA USA. RP Roberts, SB (reprint author), Tufts Univ, USDA Human Nutr Res Ctr Agrin, Energy Metab Lab, 711 Washington St, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM susan.roberts@tufts.edu OI Hays, Nicholas/0000-0002-7322-1600 FU NIA NIH HHS [AG12829, F32AG21374, T32AG00209]; NIDDK NIH HHS [DK46124, DK09747] NR 60 TC 12 Z9 13 U1 3 U2 4 PU GERONTOLOGICAL SOCIETY AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 1030 15TH ST NW, STE 250, WASHINGTON, DC 20005202-842 USA SN 1079-5006 J9 J GERONTOL A-BIOL JI J. Gerontol. Ser. A-Biol. Sci. Med. Sci. PD JUN PY 2006 VL 61 IS 6 BP 608 EP 615 PG 8 WC Geriatrics & Gerontology; Gerontology SC Geriatrics & Gerontology GA 056GY UT WOS:000238511400013 PM 16799144 ER PT J AU Kim, SC Cerco, CF Johnson, BH AF Kim, Sung-Chan Cerco, Carl F. Johnson, Billy H. TI Three-dimensional management model for Lake Washington, part I: Introduction and hydrodynamic modeling SO LAKE AND RESERVOIR MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Lake Washington; lake; three-dimensional model; hydrodynamic; thermal structure ID STRATIFIED LAKE; CHESAPEAKE BAY; EUTROPHICATION; COORDINATE AB A three-dimensional hydrodynamic model, CH3D-Z (curvilinear hydrodynamics in three dimension, Z-grid version), was implemented in Lake Washington as a part of a management model. The model was calibrated for hydrothermal distribution over a one-year time period for 1995 and verified for a two-year time period between 1996 and 1997. Simulation reproduced intra-annual variation of mixing represented by fall/winter mixing and spring/summer stratification. The simulated variation of vertical thermal structures also matched observation. Vertical flux was investigated in terms of stratification through turbulent mixing and internal waves. Basin scale internal waves showed a characteristic diurnal variation and modulation by surface wind. The model resolved the seasonal variation of thermal structures, assuring a good linkage to a nutrient-eutrophication model. C1 USA, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. Computat Hydrodynam & Transport, Edwards, MS 39066 USA. RP Kim, SC (reprint author), USA, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. EM kim@erdc.usace.army.mil NR 34 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 5 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1040-2381 EI 2151-5530 J9 LAKE RESERV MANAGE JI Lake Reserv. Manag. PD JUN PY 2006 VL 22 IS 2 BP 103 EP 114 PG 12 WC Limnology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources GA 053ST UT WOS:000238326100002 ER PT J AU Cerco, CF Noel, MR Kim, SC AF Cerco, CF Noel, MR Kim, SC TI Three-dimensional management model for Lake Washington, part II: Eutrophication modeling and skill assessment SO LAKE AND RESERVOIR MANAGEMENT LA English DT Article DE Lake Washington; eutrophication; mathematical models; nutrients; lakes ID CHESAPEAKE BAY; PHOSPHORUS; SEDIMENTS; BACTERIA; DYNAMICS; STATE; ALGAE AB The CE-QUAL-ICM 3-dimensional eutrophication model was applied to Lake Washington for the period 1995-1997. Transport processes were obtained from the companion CH3D-WES hydrodynamic model. The model activated 18 state variables in the water column, including physical variables; phytoplankton; multiple forms of carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus; dissolved oxygen; and fecal coliform. The water column was coupled to a sediment diagenesis model that computed sediment-water fluxes of dissolved oxygen, methane, ammonium, nitrate, and phosphate, based on computed inputs of particulate organic matter. The model successfully computed the annual cycles and spatial distributions of key water quality components. Nutrient loads were calculated and nutrient budgets were constructed as part of the model exercise. Load sources included river inflows, distributed loads, sewer overflows and atmospheric loading. The Sammamish River was identified as the largest source of nutrients to Lake Washington, followed by the Cedar River and other distributed sources. The majority of the nutrient load is deposited in the sediments. A lesser amount leaves via Lake Union. Our nutrient loads were 30% (nitrogen) to 60% (phosphorus) higher than the loads from the late 1970s. C1 USA, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Cerco, CF (reprint author), USA, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. EM cercoc@wes.army.mil NR 30 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 3 U2 17 PU NORTH AMER LAKE MANAGEMENT SOC PI MADISON PA PO BOX 5443, MADISON, WI 53705-5443 USA SN 1040-2381 J9 LAKE RESERV MANAGE JI Lake Reserv. Manag. PD JUN PY 2006 VL 22 IS 2 BP 115 EP 131 PG 17 WC Limnology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources SC Marine & Freshwater Biology; Water Resources GA 053ST UT WOS:000238326100003 ER PT J AU Deng, C Haus, JW Sarangan, A Mahfoud, A Sibilia, C Scalora, M Zheltikov, A AF Deng, C. Haus, J. W. Sarangan, A. Mahfoud, A. Sibilia, C. Scalora, M. Zheltikov, A. TI Photonic band-gap enhanced second-harmonic generation in a planar lithium niobate waveguide SO LASER PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID REFRACTIVE-INDEX PROFILES; PROTON-EXCHANGE; LINBO3; LIGHT; ACID AB Enhanced second-harmonic generation (SHG) conversion efficiency was theoretically predicted in waveguide geometry with coupling to a one-dimensional grating photonic band gap (PBG). We report a series of experiments using samples made with lithium niobate. A waveguide was fabricated near the surface by applying the proton-exchange technique. The characteristics of waveguide modes were determined by several techniques: prism coupling, diffraction, and Cherenkov radiation. The WKB method was used to analyze the results. Ultraviolet laser lithography was applied to make PBG gratings on the sample. We further investigated Cherenkov second-harmonic generation (CSHG), i.e., SHG radiated into the substrate, under the condition of a band-edge PBG resonance in the waveguides. The SHG inside planar waveguides was also experimentally investigated. We fabricated waveguides with multiple pump modes and found that the second mode was more efficient in enhancing the second harmonic signal. This result is explained by our model. Several samples were investigated in detail; the highest conversion efficiency of CSHG with a PBG was enhanced around 50 times above the CSHG signal without a PBG. A numerical model was constructed with parameters calculated from our sample characterization data to interpret the experimental results. C1 Univ Dayton, Electroopt Program, Dayton, OH 45469 USA. Univ Roma La Sapienza, INFM, I-00161 Rome, Italy. Univ Roma La Sapienza, Dipartimento Energet, I-00161 Rome, Italy. USA, Aviat & Missile Command, Weap Sci Directorate, Huntsville, AL 35898 USA. Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Fac Phys, Ctr Int Laser, Moscow 119899, Russia. RP Deng, C (reprint author), Univ Dayton, Electroopt Program, Dayton, OH 45469 USA. EM Joseph.Haus@notes.udayton.edu NR 38 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU MAIK NAUKA/INTERPERIODICA/SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1578 USA SN 1054-660X J9 LASER PHYS JI Laser Phys. PD JUN PY 2006 VL 16 IS 6 BP 927 EP 947 DI 10.1134/S1054660X06060053 PG 21 WC Optics; Physics, Applied SC Optics; Physics GA 131XZ UT WOS:000243907300005 ER PT J AU Marks, RJ Gravagne, IA Davis, JM DaCunha, JJ AF Marks, RJ Gravagne, IA Davis, JM DaCunha, JJ TI Nonregressivity in switched linear circuits and mechanical systems SO MATHEMATICAL AND COMPUTER MODELLING LA English DT Article DE nonregressivity; switched linear system; switched circuit; time scale ID STABILITY ANALYSIS; TIME SCALES; CHAOS AB We analyze several examples of switched linear circuits and a switched spring-mass system to illustrate the physical manifestations of regressivity and nonregressivity for discrete and continuous time systems as well as hybrid discrete/continuous systems from a time scales perspective. These examples highlight the role that nonregressivity plays in modeling and applications, and they point out a fascinating dichotomy between purely continuous systems and discrete, continuous, or hybrid systems. We conclude with a physically realizable null space criterion for inducing nonregressivity. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All fights reserved. C1 Baylor Univ, Dept Math, Waco, TX 76798 USA. Baylor Univ, Dept Engn, Waco, TX 76798 USA. US Mil Acad, Dept Math, West Point, NY 10996 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Davis, JM (reprint author), Baylor Univ, Dept Math, Waco, TX 76798 USA. EM Robert_Marks@baylor.edu; Ian_Gravagne@baylor.edu; John_M_Davis@baylor.edu; Jeffrey_DaCunha@baylor.edu NR 23 TC 30 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0895-7177 J9 MATH COMPUT MODEL JI Math. Comput. Model. PD JUN PY 2006 VL 43 IS 11-12 BP 1383 EP 1392 DI 10.1016/j.mcm.2005.08.007 PG 10 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Mathematics, Applied SC Computer Science; Mathematics GA 052ZK UT WOS:000238272600009 ER PT J AU Cheuvront, SN Carter, R Haymes, EM Sawka, MN AF Cheuvront, SN Carter, R Haymes, EM Sawka, MN TI No effect of moderate hypohydration or hyperthermia on anaerobic exercise performance SO MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE LA English DT Article DE dehydration; power; wingate; cycle ergometry; recovery ID VERTICAL JUMPING HEIGHT; MUSCLE TEMPERATURE; POWER OUTPUT; WEIGHT-LOSS; SPRINT; WATER; DEHYDRATION; METABOLISM; WRESTLERS; THERAPY AB Purpose: This study examined the effects of hypohydration and moderate hyperthermia (core temperature elevation) on anaerobic exercise performance in a temperate environment. Methods: Eight active males completed two passive heat exposure trials (180 min, 45 degrees C, 50% rh) with (EUH) and without (HYP) fluid replacement. A single 15-s Wingate anaerobic test (WAnT) was used to assess anaerobic performance (peak power, mean power, and fatigue index) before (-180 min) and again at three time points after passive heat exposure to include immediately (0 min), 30 min, and 60 min after in a temperate environment (22 C). Rectal temperature (T.) was measured throughout the experiment. Results: HYP reduced body mass (2.7 +/- 0.7%) (P < 0.05) but had no effect on any WAnT performance measure. Passive heat exposure elicited moderate hyperthermia in both trials (EUH: 0.6 degrees C; HYP: 1.0 degrees C) and returned to baseline within 30-60 min following similar decay curves. HYP T, remained higher (0.4 degrees C) than EUH throughout testing (P < 0.05), but moderate hyperthermia itself produced no independent effect on anaerobic exercise performance in either trial. Conclusions: This study demonstrates that neither moderate HYP nor the moderate hyperthermia accompanying HYP by passive heat exposure affect anaerobic exercise performance in a temperate environment. C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Florida State Univ, Tallahassee, FL 32306 USA. RP Cheuvront, SN (reprint author), USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Kansas St,Bldg 42, Natick, MA 01760 USA. EM Samuel.cheuvront@na.amedd.army.mil NR 31 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 5 U2 15 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0195-9131 J9 MED SCI SPORT EXER JI Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. PD JUN PY 2006 VL 38 IS 6 BP 1093 EP 1097 DI 10.1249/01.mss.0000222838.74015.15 PG 5 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA 052BI UT WOS:000238205200012 PM 16775551 ER PT J AU De, AK Speer, JG Matlock, DK Murdock, DC Mataya, MC Comstock, RJ AF De, AK Speer, JG Matlock, DK Murdock, DC Mataya, MC Comstock, RJ TI Deformation-induced phase transformation and strain hardening in type 304 austenitic stainless steel SO METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS A-PHYSICAL METALLURGY AND MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID STACKING-FAULT ENERGY; INDUCED MARTENSITE; EPSILON TRANSFORMATION; SINGLE-CRYSTALS; GRAIN-SIZE; FE-NI; ALLOYS; BEHAVIOR; TEXTURE; 304-STAINLESS-STEEL AB Deformation-induced phase transformation in a type 304 austenitic stainless steel has been studied in tension at room temperature and -50 degrees C. The evolution of transformation products was monitored using X-ray diffraction (XRD) line profile analysis of diffraction peaks from a single XRD scan employing the direct comparison method. Crystallographic texture transitions due to deformation strain have been evaluated using (111)(gamma) pole figures. The tensile stress-strain data have been analyzed to explain the influence of underlying deformation-induced microstructural changes and associated texture changes in the steel. It is found that the initial stage of rapidly decreasing strain hardening rate in type 304 steel is primarily influenced by hcp epsilon-martensite formation, and the second stage of increasing strain hardening rate is associated with an increase in the alpha'-martensite formation. The formation of epsilon-martensite is associated with a gradual strengthening of the copper-type texture components up to 15 pct strain and decreasing with further strain at -50 degrees C. Texture changes during low-temperature deformation not only change the mechanism of epsilon-martensite formation but also influence the strain rate sensitivity of the present steel. C1 Colorado Sch Mines, Adv Steel Proc & Prod Res Ctr, Dept Met & Mat Engn, Golden, CO 80401 USA. Micromotion, Boulder, CO 80301 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87545 USA. AK Steel Corp, Carbon Steel Prod Res, Middletown, OH 45043 USA. RP De, AK (reprint author), Mittal Steel, Ctr Res & Dev, 3001 E Columbus Dr, E Chicago, IN 46312 USA. EM dmatlock@mines.edu NR 38 TC 56 Z9 63 U1 4 U2 26 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 1073-5623 J9 METALL MATER TRANS A JI Metall. Mater. Trans. A-Phys. Metall. Mater. Sci. PD JUN PY 2006 VL 37A IS 6 BP 1875 EP 1886 DI 10.1007/s11661-006-0130-y PG 12 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering GA 049MG UT WOS:000238020000019 ER PT J AU Welton, MD AF Welton, Mark D. TI Crime and punishment in Islamic law: Theory and practice from the sixteenth to the twenty-first century SO MIDDLE EAST JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review C1 US Mil Acad, West Point, PA USA. RP Welton, MD (reprint author), US Mil Acad, West Point, PA USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MIDDLE EAST INSTITUTE PI WASHINGTON PA 1761 N STREET NW, CIRCULATION DEPT, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2882 USA SN 0026-3141 J9 MIDDLE EAST J JI Middle East J. PD SUM PY 2006 VL 60 IS 3 BP 599 EP 600 PG 2 WC Area Studies SC Area Studies GA 069IE UT WOS:000239438800027 ER PT J AU Wallace, DA AF Wallace, David A. TI In time of war SO MILITARY LAW REVIEW LA English DT Book Review RP Wallace, DA (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Law, West Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU JUDGE ADVOCATE GENERALS SCHOOL PI CHARLOTTESVILLE PA US ARMY, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22903-1781 USA SN 0026-4040 J9 MIL LAW REV JI Milit. Law Rev. PD SUM PY 2006 VL 188 BP 96 EP 104 PG 9 WC Law SC Government & Law GA 124RP UT WOS:000243387900004 ER PT J AU Bagwell, J AF Bagwell, Jimmy TI Public enemies: America's greatest crime wave and the birth of the FBI, 1933-34 SO MILITARY LAW REVIEW LA English DT Book Review C1 USA, Judge Advocate Gen Legal Ctr & Sch, Judge Advocate Officer Grad Course 54, Charlottesville, VA USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU JUDGE ADVOCATE GENERALS SCHOOL PI CHARLOTTESVILLE PA US ARMY, CHARLOTTESVILLE, VA 22903-1781 USA SN 0026-4040 J9 MIL LAW REV JI Milit. Law Rev. PD SUM PY 2006 VL 188 BP 105 EP 110 PG 6 WC Law SC Government & Law GA 124RP UT WOS:000243387900005 ER PT J AU Truesdell, AG Wilson, RL AF Truesdell, AG Wilson, RL TI Training for medical support of mountain operations SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID HIGH-ALTITUDE ILLNESS; SICKNESS; EDUCATION; PERFORMANCE; PREVENTION; ELEVATION; ASCENT AB Man is not designed to live or to fight at altitude, and mountains have successfully resisted armies' attempts to conquer them for centuries. High-altitude mountainous terrain imposes great strains on individuals, units, and the health services designed to protect them. Medical personnel are challenged to minimize the damaging effects of the harsh environment, to maximize survival rates, and to preserve combat effectiveness by optimizing physiological and behavioral adaptation. Such challenges are best met with targeted medical training. This article reviews basic altitude physiology, relevant military history, the scope of altitude illnesses, prevention and treatment strategies, and existing mountain medicine training programs. C1 Pentagon, DiLorenzo TRICARE Hlth Clin, Washington, DC 20310 USA. Womack Army Med Ctr, Dept Internal Med, Ft Bragg, NC 28310 USA. RP Truesdell, AG (reprint author), Pentagon, DiLorenzo TRICARE Hlth Clin, Washington, DC 20310 USA. NR 32 TC 3 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD JUN PY 2006 VL 171 IS 6 BP 463 EP 467 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 058IH UT WOS:000238658200005 PM 16808121 ER PT J AU Bower, KS Burka, JM Subramanian, PS Stutzman, RD Mines, MJ Rabin, JC AF Bower, KS Burka, JM Subramanian, PS Stutzman, RD Mines, MJ Rabin, JC TI Night firing range performance following photorefractive keratectomy and laser in situ keratomileusis SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Scientific Meeting of the Association-of-Research-in-Vision-and-Ophthalmology CY MAY 04-09, 2003 CL Ft Lauderdale, FL SP Assoc Res Vision Ophthalmol ID REFRACTIVE SURGERY; SATISFACTION; VISION AB Objective: To investigate the effect of laser refractive surgery on night weapons firing. Methods: Firing range performance was measured at baseline and postoperatively following photorefractive keratectomy and laser in situ keratomileusis. Subjects fired the M-16A2 rifle with night vision goggles (NVG) at starlight, and with iron sight (simulated dusk). Scores, before and after surgery, were compared for both conditions. Results: No subject was able to acquire the target using iron sight without correction before surgery. After surgery, the scores without correction (95.9 +/- 4.7) matched the preoperative scores with correction (94.3 +/- 4.0; p = 0.324). Uncorrected NVG scores after surgery (96.4 +/- 3.1) exceeded the corrected scores before surgery (91.4 +/- 10.2), but this trend was not statistically significant (p = 0.063). Conclusion: Night weapon firing with both the iron sight and the NVG sight improved after surgery. This study supports the operational benefits of refractive surgery in the military. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Ctr Refract Surg, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Div Ophthalmol, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. USAF, Sch Aerosp Med, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Bower, KS (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Ctr Refract Surg, Washington, DC 20307 USA. OI Subramanian, Prem/0000-0001-5824-8322 NR 7 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 1 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD JUN PY 2006 VL 171 IS 6 BP 468 EP 471 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 058IH UT WOS:000238658200006 PM 16808122 ER PT J AU Faulde, MK Uedelhoven, WM Malerius, M Robbins, RG AF Faulde, MK Uedelhoven, WM Malerius, M Robbins, RG TI Factory-based permethrin impregnation of uniforms: Residual activity against Aedes aegypti and Ixodes ricinus in battle dress uniforms worn under field conditions, and cross-contamination during the laundering and storage process SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID PERSONAL PROTECTION; IXODIDAE; DISEASES; ACARI AB The factory-based permethrin coating technique has only recently been developed. Consequently, no data are available on residual activity, laundering, and weathering resistance in impregnated battle dress uniforms (BDUs) worn under military deployment conditions, or on the cross-contamination potential of such uniforms. Herein, factory-impregnated BDUs worn-out during military deployment to Afghanistan were investigated for residual permethrin concentration, residual efficacy against arthropod vectors, and cross-contamination during laundering and storage. When compared with BDUs subjected to 50 defined washings using the U.S. Insect/Arthropod Repellent Fabric Treatment method, no significant differences in efficacy were observed against Aedes mosquitoes, but remaining knockdown activity in Ixodes ticks was significantly better in polymer-coated BDUs. BDUs impregnated by the polymer-coating method were found to be effective for the life of the uniform, ensuring protection of soldiers in the field from arthropod vectors, while causing less cross-contamination than those treated by the Insect/Arthropod Repellent Fabric Treatment method. C1 Cent Inst Bundeswehr Med Serv, Dept Med Entomol Zool, D-56065 Koblenz, Germany. Bundeswehr Res Inst Mat Explos Fuels & Lubricants, Erding, Germany. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Armed Forces Pest Management Board, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Faulde, MK (reprint author), Cent Inst Bundeswehr Med Serv, Dept Med Entomol Zool, POB 7340, D-56065 Koblenz, Germany. EM MichaelFaulde@bundeswehr.org NR 14 TC 29 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 9 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD JUN PY 2006 VL 171 IS 6 BP 472 EP 477 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 058IH UT WOS:000238658200007 PM 16808123 ER PT J AU Carroll, CG Hawley, JS Ney, JP AF Carroll, CG Hawley, JS Ney, JP TI Post-traumatic shoulder dystonia in an active duty soldier SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID PERIPHERAL TRAUMA; TORTICOLLIS AB Acquired focal dystonia is often precipitated by minor local traumatic injury, resulting in severe pain and disability. An active duty soldier with shoulder dystonia, after a fall, that responded partially to botulinum toxin A is described. Posttraumatic dystonia as a neurological illness is discussed, with emphasis on mechanisms, precipitating causes, differential diagnosis, and treatment implications for battlefield clinicians. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Neurol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Carroll, CG (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Neurol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 11 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD JUN PY 2006 VL 171 IS 6 BP 494 EP 496 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 058IH UT WOS:000238658200011 PM 16808127 ER PT J AU Craig, R Peoples, GE AF Craig, R Peoples, GE TI A novel device developed, tested, and used for warming and maintaining intravenous fluids in a forward surgical team during operation enduring freedom SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article AB Objective: To determine whether an accessory to the Bair Hugger warming unit (BHWU), a piece of equipment intrinsic to the forward surgical team, could be designed and used to warm and to maintain large volumes of intravenous fluids at an optimal infusion temperature in an austere environment. Methods: The X-1 is a simple, collapsible, 5-gallon nylon cooler with handles, modified with a port for the BHWU hose and a one-way flutter valve vent. Results: The warming of intravenous fluids to the optimal infusion temperature was accomplished with the BHWU and X-1. The warming time was influenced by the ambient temperature, the starting temperature of the fluids, and the number of bags being warmed. The warmed fluid could be stored and maintained in the X-1. The heat retention of the fluids was influenced by the ambient temperature, the number of bags warmed, and the insulating properties of the X-1. Conclusions: The BHWU can be used with the compact X-1 to warm and to store large volumes of intravenous fluids at the optimal infusion temperature in the field environment and was successfully used by a forward surgical team in Afghanistan, during Operation Enduring Freedom, for the treatment of combat-wounded soldiers. C1 274th Forward Surg Team, Ft Bragg, NC 28310 USA. RP Craig, R (reprint author), 274th Forward Surg Team, Ft Bragg, NC 28310 USA. NR 7 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD JUN PY 2006 VL 171 IS 6 BP 500 EP 503 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 058IH UT WOS:000238658200013 PM 16808129 ER PT J AU Barnes, EV Dooley, DP Hepburn, MJ Baum, SE AF Barnes, EV Dooley, DP Hepburn, MJ Baum, SE TI Outcomes of community-acquired, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, soft tissue infections treated with antibiotics other than vancomycin SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID PANTON-VALENTINE LEUKOCIDIN; RISK-FACTORS; CHILDREN; EMERGENCE; SKIN AB Community-acquired, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (cMRSA), soft tissue infections are becoming increasingly prevalent in the outpatient setting. Few studies have been specifically designed to examine the efficacy of oral antibiotic therapy for these infections. We performed an observational study to determine the effect of alternative, orally administered antibiotics on cMRSA soft tissue infections. Consecutive patients between January 2001 and March 2004 who had skin or soft tissue infections from which cMRSA was isolated and who had never received vancomycin were studied through retrospective and concurrent review. Primary outcome measures were improvement or resolution of infection 5 and 14 days after initiation of treatment with orally administered antibiotics and rates of recurrence within 30 days after completion of treatment. Thirty subjects met the inclusion criteria. Twenty-one subjects received either clindamycin, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, doxycycline/minocycline, or a fluoroquinolone. Five subjects received a beta-lactam. antibiotic with abscess drainage, and four subjects underwent abscess drainage alone. Improvement was noted for all subjects at 5 days, complete resolution of infection occurred for all subjects by 14 to 17 days, and in no case did relapse occur within 30 days. cMRSA skin and soft tissue infections can be successfully treated with orally administered antibiotics to which the organism has demonstrable in vitro susceptibility. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Barnes, EV (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 15 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 1 U2 1 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD JUN PY 2006 VL 171 IS 6 BP 504 EP 507 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 058IH UT WOS:000238658200014 PM 16808130 ER PT J AU Elliott, D Patience, T Boyd, E Hume, RF Calhoun, BC Napolitano, PG Apodaca, CC AF Elliott, D Patience, T Boyd, E Hume, RF Calhoun, BC Napolitano, PG Apodaca, CC TI Fetal growth curves for an ethnically diverse military population: The American Institute of Ultrasound in Medicine-accredited platform experience SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 10th Congress of the World-Federation-for-Ultrasound-in-Medicine-and-Biology CY JUN 01-04, 2003 CL MONTREAL, CANADA SP World Fed Ultrasound Med Bio ID GESTATIONAL-AGE; BIRTH-WEIGHT; FEMUR LENGTH; PREDICTION; HEAD AB Objective: To determine which fetal growth curve provided the best estimates of fetal weight for a cohort of ethnically diverse patients at sea level. Methods: The study consisted of a population of 1,729 fetuses examined at sea level between January 1, 1997, and June 30, 2000, at 18 weeks, 28 weeks, and term. Gestational age (GA) based on menstrual dates was confirmed or adjusted by crown-rump length or early second-trimester biometry. Fetal weight was estimated by using biparietal diameter, head circumference, abdominal circumference, and femur length. Our fetal growth curves were analyzed with fourth-order polynomial regression analysis, applying four previously defined formulae for fetal growth. Results: Fetal growth curves for estimated fetal weight demonstrated the expected parabolic shape, which varied according to the formulae used. Our curve best fit the following equation: estimated fetal weight = 4.522 - 0.22.GA age + 0.25.GA(2) - 0.001.GA(3) + 5.248 x 10(-6).GA(4) (R-2 = 0.976). SD increased in concordance with GA. Conclusion: Madigan Army Medical Center serves a racially mixed, culturally diverse, military community with unrestricted access to prenatal care. Determination of the optimal population-appropriate growth curve at the correct GA assists clinicians in identifying fetuses at risk for growth restriction or macrosomia and therefore at risk for increased perinatal morbidity and death. C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. Madigan Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, Tacoma, WA 98431 USA. Rockford Med Ctr, Div Maternal Fetal Med, Rockford, IL 61003 USA. Madigan Army Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Tacoma, WA 98341 USA. Keesler Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Biloxi, MS 39534 USA. RP Elliott, D (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [DK46890] NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD JUN PY 2006 VL 171 IS 6 BP 508 EP 511 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 058IH UT WOS:000238658200015 PM 16808131 ER PT J AU Goss, DL Moore, JH Slivka, EM Hatler, BS AF Goss, DL Moore, JH Slivka, EM Hatler, BS TI Comparison of injury rates between cadets with limb length inequalities and matched control subjects over 1 year of military training and athletic participation SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Combined Sections Meeting of the American-Physical-Therapy-Association CY FEB 04-08, 2004 CL Nashville, TN ID LOW-BACK-PAIN; STRESS-FRACTURES; RISK-FACTORS; DISCREPANCY AB Objectives: To compare lower-limb overuse injury and low back pain incidence among cadets with and without limb length inequality (LLI) over 1 year of military training and athletic participation. Methods: A total of 1,100 cadets were screened for LLIs; 126 of 1, 100 were identified to have a LLI of >0.5 cm and were assigned a matched control cadet. Injury rates, numbers of visits to sick call, and numbers of days spent on medical excusal during a 1-year period were then compared for the 252 cadets. Results: There was no difference in prevalence of injury between the groups and no significant differences (p > 0.05) between the groups in injury rates, visits to sick call, or number of days spent on medical excusal. Conclusions: These findings do not support any increased incidence of injuries in a young, healthy, athletic, military population with mild LLIs, compared with matched control subjects without LLIs, over 1 year. C1 USA, Phys Therapy Sports Med Serv, Hlth Clin Stuttgart, APO, AE 09128 USA. USA, US Mil Baylor Univ Doctoral Program Phys Therapy, Med Dept Ctr & Sch, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Keller Army Community Hosp, West Point, NY 10996 USA. Madigan Army Hlth Clin, Ft Lewis, WA 98433 USA. RP Goss, DL (reprint author), USA, Phys Therapy Sports Med Serv, Hlth Clin Stuttgart, APO, AE 09128 USA. NR 29 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 3 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD JUN PY 2006 VL 171 IS 6 BP 522 EP 525 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 058IH UT WOS:000238658200018 PM 16808134 ER PT J AU Beitler, AL Wortmann, GW RenomDeLaBaume, H Hofmann, LJ James, MG AF Beitler, AL Wortmann, GW RenomDeLaBaume, H Hofmann, LJ James, MG TI Endoscopy in a deployed combat support hospital Maintaining military end-strength SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article AB Objective: The objective was to examine the safety and efficacy of the 48th Combat Support Hospital's use of diagnostic endoscopy in Afghanistan. Methods: A retrospective review was performed on the medical records of all endoscopy patients treated at the 48th Combat Support Hospital in Bagram, Afghanistan, from December 6, 2002 through June 7, 2003. Results: Twenty-four patients (male, 21; female, 3; mean age, 35 years) underwent 28 endoscopic procedures as follows: colonoscopy, 14; esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD), 13; and flexible sigmoidoscopy, 1. Four patients underwent both EGD and colonoscopy. There were no complications. Of the 18 U.S. military patients, 3 (15%) were evacuated for further evaluation and/or treatment and 1 (5%) patient underwent an elective screening colonoscopy. For 14 of 17 U.S. military personnel (82%), the endoscopic procedures obviated evacuation from Afghanistan. Conclusions: Diagnostic colonoscopy and EGD were valuable and safe adjuncts that precluded evacuations out of theater for 82% of military patients. Endoscopy should be used when U.S. military operations necessitate the deployment of large numbers of forces for protracted periods. C1 Dept Vet Affairs New Jersey Healthcare Syst, Dept Surg, E Orange, NJ 07018 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. DeWitt Army Community Hosp, Gastroenterol Clin, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. Philadelphia Coll Osteopath Med, Philadelphia, PA 19131 USA. RP Beitler, AL (reprint author), Dept Vet Affairs NJHCS, Dept Surg 112, E Orange, NJ 07018 USA. NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD JUN PY 2006 VL 171 IS 6 BP 530 EP 533 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 058IH UT WOS:000238658200020 PM 16808136 ER PT J AU Weina, SU AF Weina, SU TI Effects of pregnancy on the Army Physical Fitness Test SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID EXERCISE AB The purpose of this study was to determine the amount of time needed for postpartum soldiers to return to prepregnancy fitness condition as evidenced by Army Physical Fitness Test scores (APFT). The findings from this study have implications for health care providers, patients, and the Army regarding the effects of pregnancy and delivery on the human body, and determining the actual and perceived time needed for postpartum recovery and return to prepregnancy fitness condition. Using a quantitative descriptive design, data were gathered using a questionnaire. Results revealed that complications, weight gain, and postpartum exercise practices had statistically significant effects on postpartum APFT scores. There were statistically significant differences between the prepregnancy and first postpregnancy APFT scores as well. The significant differences in scores and personal beliefs stated by the soldiers suggest that the current pregnancy profile of 6 months is not enough time for women to recover and perform as they previously did. C1 Hlth Promot Command & Gen Staff Coll, Ft Leavenworth, KS 66027 USA. RP Weina, SU (reprint author), Hlth Promot Command & Gen Staff Coll, Ft Leavenworth, KS 66027 USA. NR 15 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 3 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD JUN PY 2006 VL 171 IS 6 BP 534 EP 537 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 058IH UT WOS:000238658200021 PM 16808137 ER PT J AU Jones, SO Odle, M Stajduhar, K Leclerc, K Eckart, RE AF Jones, SO Odle, M Stajduhar, K Leclerc, K Eckart, RE TI Direct admission to cardiology for patients hospitalized for atrial fibrillation reduces length of stay and increases guideline adherence SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 25th Annual Scientific Session of the Heart-Rhythm-Society CY MAY, 2004 CL San Francisco, CA SP Heart Rhythm Soc ID MANAGEMENT; IMPACT; COSTS; CARE AB Objective: We hypothesized that a clinical pathway for inpatient management of atrial fibrillation on a cardiology service would result in improved resource utilization. Methods: In July 2002, an evidence-based pathway was developed for treatment of patients hospitalized for atrial fibrillation. Guidelines directed patient care from admission from the emergency department to inpatient management on a cardiology service. Ancillary testing, anticoagulation, and inpatient length of stay were then compared before and after institution of the pathway. Results: The overall length of stay was significantly shorter for patients admitted through the pathway (43.0 hours vs. 82.0 hours, p < 0.01). After the pathway, there was increased use of transesophageal echocardiography and a trend toward increased use of warfarin. Conclusions: Patients requiring hospitalization for symptomatic atrial fibrillation had a nearly 50% reduction in length of stay, with a trend toward increased utilization of risk-appropriate antithrombotic therapy, if they were directly admitted through cardiology via a clinical pathway. C1 Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Jones, SO (reprint author), Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. NR 14 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD JUN PY 2006 VL 171 IS 6 BP 567 EP 571 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 058IH UT WOS:000238658200027 PM 16808143 ER PT J AU Ru, QHC Zhu, LWA Silberman, J Shriver, CD AF Ru, QHC Zhu, LWA Silberman, J Shriver, CD TI Label-free semiquantitative peptide feature profiling of human breast cancer and breast disease sera via two-dimensional liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry SO MOLECULAR & CELLULAR PROTEOMICS LA English DT Article ID ARTIFICIAL NEURAL-NETWORKS; HUMAN PLASMA PROTEOME; QUADRUPOLE COLLISION CELL; LARGE-SCALE PROTEOMICS; IDENTIFICATION TECHNOLOGY; HIGH-THROUGHPUT; ACCURATE MASS; QUANTITATIVE-DETERMINATION; COMPREHENSIVE ANALYSIS; SHOTGUN PROTEOMICS AB A label-free semiquantitative peptide feature profiling method was developed in response to challenges associated with analysis of two-dimensional liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry data. One hundred twenty human sera (49 from invasive breast carcinoma patients, 26 from non-invasive breast carcinoma patients, 35 from benign breast disease patients, and 10 from normal controls) were repeatedly analyzed using a standardized two-dimensional liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry method. Data were extracted using the novel semiquantitative peptide feature profiling method, which is based on comparisons of normalized relative ion intensities. Hierarchical cluster analyses and principle component analyses were used to evaluate the predicative capability of the extracted data, and results were promising. Extracted data were also randomly assigned to either a training group (65%) or to a test group (35%) for artificial neural network modeling. Models best identified invasive breast carcinomas (212 predictions, 94% accurate) and benign non-neoplastic breast disease (96 predictions, 81.3% accurate). These results suggest that, after further development, the novel method may be useful for large scale clinical proteomic profiling. C1 Windber Res Inst, Windber, PA 15963 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Clin Breast Care Project Adm Off, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Ru, QHC (reprint author), Windber Res Inst, 620 7th St, Windber, PA 15963 USA. EM ruqh@hotmail.com NR 80 TC 26 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 5 PU AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3996 USA SN 1535-9476 J9 MOL CELL PROTEOMICS JI Mol. Cell. Proteomics PD JUN PY 2006 VL 5 IS 6 BP 1095 EP 1104 DI 10.1074/mcp.M500387-MCP200 PG 10 WC Biochemical Research Methods SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 053EM UT WOS:000238288100011 PM 16546996 ER PT J AU Foreman, JV Li, JY Peng, HY Choi, SJ Everitt, HO Liu, J AF Foreman, JV Li, JY Peng, HY Choi, SJ Everitt, HO Liu, J TI Time-resolved investigation of bright visible wavelength luminescence from sulfur-doped ZnO nanowires and micropowders SO NANO LETTERS LA English DT Article ID MICROCRYSTALLITE THIN-FILMS; ROOM-TEMPERATURE; STIMULATED-EMISSION; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; NANOSTRUCTURES; DEPOSITION; EPILAYERS; EPITAXY; ENERGY AB Sulfur-doped zinc oxide (ZnO) nanowires grown on gold-coated silicon substrates inside a horizontal tube furnace exhibit remarkably strong visible wavelength emission with a quantum efficiency of 30%, an integrated intensity 1600 times stronger than band edge ultraviolet emission, and a spectral distribution that closely matches the dark-adapted human eye response. By comparatively studying sulfur-doped and undoped ZnO micropowders, we clarify how sulfur doping and nanostructuring affect the visible luminescence and the underlying energy transfer mechanisms. C1 Duke Univ, Dept Phys, Durham, NC 27708 USA. Duke Univ, Dept Chem, Durham, NC 27708 USA. USA, Aviat & Missile Res, Dev & Engn Ctr, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. RP Everitt, HO (reprint author), Duke Univ, Dept Phys, Durham, NC 27708 USA. EM everitt@phy.duke.edu; jliu@chem.duke.edu RI Everitt, Henry/L-7118-2013; Liu, Jie/B-4440-2010 OI Everitt, Henry/0000-0002-8141-3768; Liu, Jie/0000-0003-0451-6111 NR 30 TC 74 Z9 74 U1 3 U2 30 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1530-6984 J9 NANO LETT JI Nano Lett. PD JUN PY 2006 VL 6 IS 6 BP 1126 EP 1130 DI 10.1021/nl060204z PG 5 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Chemistry, Physical; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics GA 052UB UT WOS:000238258300010 PM 16771566 ER PT J AU Jackson, MI Fukuto, JM AF Jackson, MI Fukuto, JM TI Nitroxyl inactivates glutathione peroxidase and catalase, both purified and in cells, to prevent the catabolism of H2O2: Implications for peroxide based signaling SO NITRIC OXIDE-BIOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 4th International Conference on Biology, Chemistry and Therapeutic Applications of Nitric Oxide CY JUN 25-29, 2006 CL Monterey, CA SP NitroMed Inc, INO Therapeut, Ajinomoto AminoSci LLC, Bayer HealthCare, BioMarin Pharmaceut Inc, Nitr Oxide Soc Japan, Pfizer Inc, Schering AG, ALEXIS Biochem, Altana Pharma AG, BioLegend Ing, BIOMOL Int LP, Boehringer Ingelheim, Cognosci Inc, ECO PHYS INC, Med Coll Georgia C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Mil Casulty Res, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1089-8603 J9 NITRIC OXIDE-BIOL CH JI Nitric Oxide-Biol. Chem. PD JUN PY 2006 VL 14 IS 4 BP A24 EP A24 DI 10.1016/j.niox.2006.04.078 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA 054TC UT WOS:000238400500077 ER PT J AU Nath, J Ayyagari, V Januszkiewicz, A AF Nath, J Ayyagari, V Januszkiewicz, A TI Cellular mechanisms of nitrogen dioxide-mediated toxicity in human bronchial epithelial cells: Role of nitric oxide/nitrite, pro-inflammatory cytokines and inter-cellular adhesion molecule ICAM-1 SO NITRIC OXIDE-BIOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 4th International Conference on Biology, Chemistry and Therapeutic Applications of Nitric Oxide CY JUN 25-29, 2006 CL Monterey, CA SP NitroMed Inc, INO Therapeut, Ajinomoto AminoSci LLC, Bayer HealthCare, BioMarin Pharmaceut Inc, Nitr Oxide Soc Japan, Pfizer Inc, Schering AG, ALEXIS Biochem, Altana Pharma AG, BioLegend Ing, BIOMOL Int LP, Boehringer Ingelheim, Cognosci Inc, ECO PHYS INC, Med Coll Georgia C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Mil Casulty Res, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1089-8603 J9 NITRIC OXIDE-BIOL CH JI Nitric Oxide-Biol. Chem. PD JUN PY 2006 VL 14 IS 4 BP A24 EP A24 DI 10.1016/j.niox.2006.04.080 PG 1 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Cell Biology GA 054TC UT WOS:000238400500078 ER PT J AU Csokmay, JM Frattarelli, JL AF Csokmay, John M. Frattarelli, John L. TI Basal ovarian cysts and clomiphene citrate ovulation induction cycles SO OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Article ID UNEXPLAINED INFERTILITY; INVITRO FERTILIZATION; GONADOTROPIN AB OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of simple basal ovarian cysts in patients undergoing infertility treatment with clomiphene citrate. To evaluate the effect of clomiphene citrate on pretreatment simple ovarian cysts. METHODS: Prospective cohort trial of 84 infertility patients undergoing ovulation induction with clomiphene citrate. Patients with basal ovarian cysts of 10 mm or greater (n = 42) were compared with patients without ovarian cysts (n = 42). The main outcome measure was ovulation determined by menstrual cycle day 21 progesterone level. Each patients with an ovarian cyst was also evaluated for persistence or resolution of the cyst in association with ovulation and cyst size. Pretreatment and posttreatment transvaginal ultrasound examinations were performed on all patients. RESULTS: Demographic data were similar among the groups. The mean ovarian cyst size was 17.4 +/- 5.8 mm. Patients in the ovarian cyst group were significantly less likely to ovulate (80.9% versus 97.6%, P <.05), but did not differ in pregnancy rate compared with patients without baseline ovarian cysts (4.8% versus 11.9%, P =.43). Persistent ovarian cysts occurred in 36.7% of the patients. The initial size of the cyst did not predict cyst persistence. CONCLUSION: According to these data, basal ovarian cysts significantly reduce ovulatory events in patients treated with clomiphene citrate. C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Reprod Endocrinol & Infertil Div, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Honolulu, HI USA. RP Frattarelli, JL (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, Reprod Endocrinol & Infertil Div, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, 1 Jarrett White Rd, Honolulu, HI USA. EM john.frattarelli@amedd.army.mil NR 10 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0029-7844 J9 OBSTET GYNECOL JI Obstet. Gynecol. PD JUN PY 2006 VL 107 IS 6 BP 1292 EP 1296 DI 10.1097/01.AOG.0000217695.95139.1e PG 5 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 095GS UT WOS:000241296800012 PM 16738154 ER PT J AU Sun, C Shi, Y Xu, LL Nageswararao, C Davis, LD Segawa, T Dobi, A McLeod, DG Srivastava, S AF Sun, C Shi, Y Xu, LL Nageswararao, C Davis, LD Segawa, T Dobi, A McLeod, DG Srivastava, S TI Androgen receptor mutation (T877A) promotes prostate cancer cell growth and cell survival SO ONCOGENE LA English DT Article DE prostate cancer; androgen receptor; mutation; p53; cell proliferation; cell apoptosis ID WILD-TYPE P53; DOWN-REGULATION; BINDING DOMAIN; EXPRESSION; GENE; APOPTOSIS; LNCAP; PROLIFERATION; PROGRESSION; ANTAGONIST AB Alteration of the AR functions due to amplication, overexpression and somatic mutation of the AR itself or altered interaction of AR with other cell growth regulatory proteins, may contribute to a significant subset of advanced prostate cancer (CaP). Very little is known about the pathways impacted by AR dysfunctions, although CaP associated AR alterations suggest the biological role of the AR dysfunction in disease progression. Comparative evaluations of wild type (wt) AR and mutant (mt) ARs in appropriate experimental models should provide a better understanding of the functional impact of AR alterations in CaP. Here, we provide direct evidence showing cell growth/cell survival promoting effects of the widely studied CaP associated AR mutation (T877A). In contrast to Ad-wtAR or Ad-control infected LNCaP or LAPC4 cells, Ad-mtAR (T877A) infected LNCaP or LAPC4 cells continued to grow in the androgen-deprived medium and exhibited an androgen independent AR-transcription factor activity. Further, Ad-mtAR (T877A) infected LNCaP or LAPC4 cells exhibited enhanced cell growth in the presence of lower concentrations of the synthetic androgen, R1881. Of note, Ad-mtAR (T877A) infected LNCaP cells showed striking resistance to cell growth inhibition/apoptosis mediated by the wt p53. Taken together, these findings provide novel insights into the AR dysfunctions resulting from the T877A mutation and functionally similar AR alterations may provide selective cell growth/survival advantage for CaP progression. These observations have important implications for developing biology-based prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic strategies for CaP showing such AR dysfunctions. C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Surg, Ctr Prostate Dis Res, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Urol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Srivastava, S (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Surg, Ctr Prostate Dis Res, 1530 E Jefferson St, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. EM ssrivastava@cpdr.org NR 35 TC 47 Z9 47 U1 0 U2 6 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI LONDON PA MACMILLAN BUILDING, 4 CRINAN ST, LONDON N1 9XW, ENGLAND SN 0950-9232 J9 ONCOGENE JI Oncogene PD JUN PY 2006 VL 25 IS 28 BP 3905 EP 3913 DI 10.1038/sj.onc.1209424 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Oncology; Cell Biology; Genetics & Heredity SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Oncology; Cell Biology; Genetics & Heredity GA 058MJ UT WOS:000238668800003 PM 16636679 ER PT J AU Moyer, S Hixson, JG Edwards, TC Krapels, K AF Moyer, Steve Hixson, Jonathan G. Edwards, Timothy C. Krapels, Keith TI Probability of identification of small hand-held objects for electro-optic forward-looking infrared systems SO OPTICAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE electro-optic; FLIR; target acquisition; urban operations; MOUT ID CYCLE CRITERIA; RECOGNITION; PERFORMANCE AB This paper describes research on the measurement of the 50% probability of identification cycle criteria (N-50, V-50) for a set of hand-held objects normally held or used in a single hand. These cycle criteria are used to calibrate the Night Vision Electronic Sensors Directorate (NVESD) target acquisition models. The target set consists of 12 objects, from innocuous to potentially lethal. Objects are imaged in the visible, midwave infrared (MWIR), and long-wave infrared (LWIR) spectrum at 12 different aspects. Two human perception experiments are performed. The first experiment simulates an incremental constriction of the imaging systems modulation transfer function (MTF). The N-50, and V-50 calibration criteria are measured from this perception experiment. The second experiment not only simulates an incremental constriction of the system MTF but also down samples the imagery to simulate the objects at various ranges. The N-50 and V-50 values are used in NVTherm 2002 and NVThermIP, respectively, to generate range prediction curves for both the LWIR and MWIR sensors. The range predictions from both NVTherm versions are then compared with the observer results from the second perception experiment. The comparison between the results of the second experiment and the model predictions provides a verification of measured cycle criteria. (c) 2006 Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation Engineers. C1 USA, Commun Electron Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Night Vis Electron Sensors Directorate, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. Redstone Tech Test Ctr, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. Off Naval Res, Arlington, VA 22217 USA. RP Moyer, S (reprint author), USA, Commun Electron Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Night Vis Electron Sensors Directorate, 10221 Burbeck Rd, Ft Belvoir, VA 22060 USA. EM smoyer@nvl.army.mil NR 25 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPIE-INT SOCIETY OPTICAL ENGINEERING PI BELLINGHAM PA 1000 20TH ST, PO BOX 10, BELLINGHAM, WA 98225 USA SN 0091-3286 J9 OPT ENG JI Opt. Eng. PD JUN PY 2006 VL 45 IS 6 AR 063201 DI 10.1117/1.2213997 PG 12 WC Optics SC Optics GA 068AY UT WOS:000239345200010 ER PT J AU VanRoekel, RC Bower, KS Burka, JM Howard, RS AF VanRoekel, R. Cameron Bower, Kraig S. Burka, Jenna M. Howard, Robin S. TI Anterior segment measurements using digital photography: A simple technique SO OPTOMETRY AND VISION SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE digital imaging; computer; slit lamp; ocular pathology; epithelial healing; image processing ID AUTOMATED METHODS; DIAMETERS; AREA; EYE AB Purpose. The purpose of this study is to describe a simple method of measuring anterior segment lesions from digital slit lamp images and confirm reliability of the technique. Methods. Ten reference photos were taken of a PD ruler, refocusing on the ruler for each photo. Using Adobe Photoshop, the number of pixels per millimeter squared (area) and 1 mm (linear) were recorded for each photo. An Excel spreadsheet was set up to convert pixels to millimeters and millimeters squared. Interrater reliability was determined by two observers who independently calculated the area of 69 epithelial defects. A Bland and Altman plot was used to demonstrate the agreement between the two doctors. Results. Interrater reliability was excellent as measured by an intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC 2,1) = 0.99. From the Bland and Altman plot it was determined that in 95% of cases, the area of the epithelial defect measured by provider 2 may be as much as 1.17 mm(2) less than or 1.09 mm(2) greater than that measured by provider 1. Conclusion. This simple method, which allows accurate measurements from digital images using common off-the-shelf software, is a valuable tool for clinical documentation as well as for research purposes. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Ctr Refract Surg, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP VanRoekel, RC (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Ctr Refract Surg, Rm 2F-214,6900 Georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM ronald.vanroekel1@na.amedd.army.mil NR 9 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1040-5488 J9 OPTOMETRY VISION SCI JI Optom. Vis. Sci. PD JUN PY 2006 VL 83 IS 6 BP 391 EP 395 DI 10.1097/01.opx.0000221404.40296.ba PG 5 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA 055FM UT WOS:000238435400009 PM 16772897 ER PT J AU Brietzke, SE Gallagher, D AF Brietzke, SE Gallagher, D TI The effectiveness of tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy in the treatment of pediatric obstructive sleep apnea/hypopnea syndrome: A meta-analysis SO OTOLARYNGOLOGY-HEAD AND NECK SURGERY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 109th Annual Meeting of the American-Academy-of-Otolaryngology-Head-and-Neck-Surgery-Foundation CY SEP 25-28, 2005 CL Los Angeles, CA SP Amer Acad Otolaryngol Head & Neck Surg Fdn ID APNEA SYNDROME; CHILDREN; ADENOTONSILLECTOMY AB OBJECTIVE: Present and evaluate the currently available literature reporting on the effectiveness of adenotonsillectomy (T/A) in treating obstructive sleep apnea/hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) in uncomplicated pediatric patients. STUDY DESIGN AND SETTING: Systematic review of the literature and meta-analysis of the reduction of the polysomnogram (PSG)-measured Apnea Hypopnea Index (AHI events/hour) resulting from T/A and the overall success rate of T/A in normalizing PSG measurements (%). RESULTS: Fourteen studies met the inclusion criteria. Mean sample size was 28. All were case series (level 4 evidence). The summary change in AHI was a reduction of 13.92 events per hour (random effects model 95% Cl 10.05-17.79, P < 0.001) from T/A. The summary success rate of T/A in normalizing PSG was 82.9% (random effects model 95% Cl 76.2%-89.5%, P < 0.001). CONCLUSION/SIGNIFICANCE: T/A is effective in the treatment of OSAHS. However, success rates are far below 100%, which could have far-reaching pediatric public health consequences. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Otolaryngol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Brietzke, SE (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Otolaryngol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM sebrietzke@msn.com NR 21 TC 149 Z9 152 U1 0 U2 9 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0194-5998 J9 OTOLARYNG HEAD NECK JI Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg. PD JUN PY 2006 VL 134 IS 6 BP 979 EP 984 DI 10.1016/j.otohns.2006.02.033 PG 6 WC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery SC Otorhinolaryngology; Surgery GA 052KF UT WOS:000238231900017 PM 16730542 ER PT J AU Angov, E Lyon, JA AF Angov, E Lyon, JA TI Overcoming obstacles in protein expression using codon harmonization SO PARASITE IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID RIBOSOME C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Immunol, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP Angov, E (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Immunol, Silver Spring, MD USA. EM evelina.angov@na.amedd.army.mil NR 2 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0141-9838 J9 PARASITE IMMUNOL JI Parasite Immunol. PD JUN PY 2006 VL 28 IS 6 BP 250 EP 250 DI 10.1111/j.1365-3024.2006.00869.x PG 1 WC Immunology; Parasitology SC Immunology; Parasitology GA 043JN UT WOS:000237597400021 ER PT J AU Simini, M AF Simini, M. TI Effect of soil characteristics on toxicity of TNT to plants SO PHYTOPATHOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Simini, M.] Edgewood CB Ctr, USA, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYTOPATHOLOGICAL SOC PI ST PAUL PA 3340 PILOT KNOB ROAD, ST PAUL, MN 55121 USA SN 0031-949X J9 PHYTOPATHOLOGY JI Phytopathology PD JUN PY 2006 VL 96 IS 6 SU S BP S107 EP S107 PG 1 WC Plant Sciences SC Plant Sciences GA V44GP UT WOS:000202991501031 ER PT J AU Sullivan, NJ Geisbert, TW Geisbert, JB Shedlock, DJ Xu, L Lamoreaux, L Custers, JHHV Popernack, PM Yang, ZY Pau, MG Roederer, M Koup, RA Goudsmit, J Jahrling, PB Nabel, GJ AF Sullivan, Nancy J. Geisbert, Thomas W. Geisbert, Joan B. Shedlock, Devon J. Xu, Ling Lamoreaux, Laurie Custers, Jerome H. H. V. Popernack, Paul M. Yang, Zhi-Yong Pau, Maria G. Roederer, Mario Koup, Richard A. Goudsmit, Jaap Jahrling, Peter B. Nabel, Gary J. TI Immune protection of nonhuman primates against Ebola virus with single low-dose adenovirus vectors encoding modified GPs SO PLOS MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER; GLYCOPROTEIN; INFECTION; CELLS; ENTRY; VACCINE; MARBURG AB Background Ebola virus causes a hemorrhagic fever syndrome that is associated with high mortality in humans. In the absence of effective therapies for Ebola virus infection, the development of a vaccine becomes an important strategy to contain outbreaks. Immunization with DNA and/or replication-defective adenoviral vectors (rAd) encoding the Ebola glycoprotein ( GP) and nucleoprotein (NP) has been previously shown to confer specific protective immunity in nonhuman primates. GP can exert cytopathic effects on transfected cells in vitro, and multiple GP forms have been identified in nature, raising the question of which would be optimal for a human vaccine. Methods and Findings To address this question, we have explored the efficacy of mutant GPs from multiple Ebola virus strains with reduced in vitro cytopathicity and analyzed their protective effects in the primate challenge model, with or without NP. Deletion of the GP transmembrane domain eliminated in vitro cytopathicity but reduced its protective efficacy by at least one order of magnitude. In contrast, a point mutation was identified that abolished this cytopathicity but retained immunogenicity and conferred immune protection in the absence of NP. The minimal effective rAd dose was established at 10(10) particles, two logs lower than that used previously. Conclusions Expression of specific GPs alone vectored by rAd are sufficient to confer protection against lethal challenge in a relevant nonhuman primate model. Elimination of NP from the vaccine and dose reductions to 10(10) rAd particles do not diminish protection and simplify the vaccine, providing the basis for selection of a human vaccine candidate. C1 NIAID, Vaccine Res Ctr, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD USA. Crucell Holland BV, Leiden, Netherlands. NIAID, Integrated Res Facil, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Nabel, GJ (reprint author), NIAID, Vaccine Res Ctr, NIH, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM gnabel@nih.gov FU Intramural NIH HHS NR 26 TC 120 Z9 124 U1 1 U2 14 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1549-1277 J9 PLOS MED JI PLos Med. PD JUN PY 2006 VL 3 IS 6 BP 865 EP 873 AR e177 DI 10.1371/journal.pmed.0030177 PG 9 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 069WK UT WOS:000239479600028 PM 16683867 ER PT J AU Bose, M AF Bose, Meena TI How America goes to war SO POLITICAL SCIENCE QUARTERLY LA English DT Book Review C1 US Mil Acad, West Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Bose, M (reprint author), US Mil Acad, West Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACAD POLITICAL SCIENCE PI NEW YORK PA 475 RIVERSIDE DRIVE, SUITE 1274, NEW YORK, NY 10115-1274 USA SN 0032-3195 J9 POLIT SCI QUART JI Polit. Sci. Q. PD SUM PY 2006 VL 121 IS 2 BP 336 EP 337 PG 2 WC Political Science SC Government & Law GA 063VJ UT WOS:000239047700017 ER PT J AU Brence, JR Mastrangelo, CM AF Brence, JR Mastrangelo, CM TI Parameter selection for a robust tracking signal SO QUALITY AND RELIABILITY ENGINEERING INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE EWMA; tracking signal; autocorrelation; statistical process control AB Tracking signals use past forecast errors to monitor and control a forecasting process. In this study, the cumulative-sum tracking signal and the smoothed-error tracking signal are evaluated oil their ability to aid ill shift (process upset) detection. The moving-centerline EWMA control chart technique is coupled with these tracking signals to enhance the monitoring of autocorrelated processes. The analysis characterizes two prevalent time series models: AR(1) and ARMA(1, 1). The goal of this paper is to explore the capabilities of the tracking signals and the moving-centerline EWMA when the smoothing constants are varied and a shift is introduced into the process. The tracking signals are evaluated based oil average run length (ARL) and false alarm rate (FA). Copyright (C) 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 Univ Washington, Dept Ind Engn, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. US Mil Acad, Dept Syst Engn, West Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Mastrangelo, CM (reprint author), Univ Washington, Dept Ind Engn, Box 352650, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. EM mastr@u.washington.edu NR 12 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0748-8017 J9 QUAL RELIAB ENG INT JI Qual. Reliab. Eng. Int. PD JUN PY 2006 VL 22 IS 4 BP 493 EP 502 DI 10.1002/qre.724 PG 10 WC Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Industrial; Operations Research & Management Science SC Engineering; Operations Research & Management Science GA 055RF UT WOS:000238467300011 ER PT J AU Natarajan, M Nayak, BK Galindo, C Mathur, SR Roldan, FN Meltz, ML AF Natarajan, M Nayak, BK Galindo, C Mathur, SR Roldan, FN Meltz, ML TI Nuclear translocation and DNA-binding activity of NFKB (NF-kappa B) after exposure of human monocytes to pulsed ultra-wideband electromagnetic fields (1 kV/cm) fails to transactivate kappa B-dependent gene expression SO RADIATION RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID DOSE IONIZING-RADIATION; TRANSCRIPTION FACTOR; ACTIVATION; KINASE; CELLS; RATS; PROTEIN; INHIBITOR; INDUCTION; ALPHA AB The objective of this study was to investigate whether exposure of human monocytes to a pulsed ultra-wideband electromagnetic field (EMF) of 1 kV/cm average peak power triggers a signaling pathway responsible for the transcriptional regulation of NFKB (NF-kappa B)-dependent gene expression. Human Mono Mac 6 (MM6) cells were exposed intermittently to EMF pulses for a total of 90 min. The pulse width was 0.79 +/- 0.01 ns and the pulse repetition rate was 250 pps. The temperature of the medium was maintained at 37 degrees C in both sham- and EMF-exposed flasks. Total NFKB DNA-binding activity was measured in the nuclear extracts by the electrophoretic mobility shift assay. Cells exposed to the EMFs and incubated for 24 h postexposure showed a 3.5 +/- 0.2-fold increase in the NFKB DNA-binding activity. Since activation of NFKB was observed, the possibility of kappa B-dependent gene expression in response to exposure to the EMFs was investigated using NFKB signal-specific gene arrays. The results revealed no difference in the NFKB-dependent gene expression profiles at 8 or 24 h postexposure, indicating that activated NFKB does not lead to the differential expression Of kappa B-dependent target genes. To determine whether the absence of the kappa B-dependent gene expression was due to compromised transcriptional regulation of NFKB, the functional activity of NFKB was examined in cells transiently transfected with Mercury Pathway (TM) constructs containing 4 x NFKB binding sites associated either with the luciferase reporter system or a control vector. Pulsed EMF exposure did not induce NFKB-driven luciferase activity in these cells, indicating that the activation of NFKB at 24 h after the I kV/cm EMF exposure is functionally inactive. From these results, it is clear that the EMF-induced NFKB activation is only a transient response, with minimal or no downstream effect. (c) 2006 by Radiation Research Society. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Radiat Oncol, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. USA, Med Res Detachment, McKesson BioServ, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Natarajan, M (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Radiat Oncol, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. EM natarajan@uthscsa.edu NR 37 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 2 PU RADIATION RESEARCH SOC PI OAK BROOK PA 820 JORIE BOULEVARD, OAK BROOK, IL 60523 USA SN 0033-7587 J9 RADIAT RES JI Radiat. Res. PD JUN PY 2006 VL 165 IS 6 BP 645 EP 654 DI 10.1667/RR3564.1 PG 10 WC Biology; Biophysics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Biophysics; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 050KY UT WOS:000238087500004 PM 16802864 ER PT J AU Frattarelli, JL Miller, BT Scott, RT AF Frattarelli, JL Miller, BT Scott, RT TI Adjuvant therapy enhances endometrial receptivity in patients undergoing assisted reproduction SO REPRODUCTIVE BIOMEDICINE ONLINE LA English DT Article DE adjuvant therapies; endometrial receptivity; IVF live birth rate; pregnancy rate; vaginal oestradiol ID IN-VITRO FERTILIZATION; OOCYTE DONATION PROGRAM; LOW-DOSE ASPIRIN; VAGINAL SILDENAFIL; PREGNANCY RATES; THICKNESS; IMPLANTATION; UTERINE; CYCLES; IVF AB Adjuvant therapies are often used to enhance endometrial thickness during IVF. This retrospective cohort analysis investigated if women undergoing oocyte donation cycles with sonographic evidence of endometrial insufficiency benefit from adjuvant medical therapy. Infertile patients received 503 mock cycles followed by 503 anonymous oocyte donation cycles. One hundred and twenty-three patients received adjuvant therapy during a donor oocyte cycle. Patients who had a mock endometrial thickness >= 8 mm experienced a significant decrease in endometrial thickness with the donor oocyte cycle regardless of the use of adjuvant therapy (P < 0.001). In contrast, those patients with a mock endometrial thickness <8 mm experienced a significant increase in donor oocyte cycle endometrial thickness regardless of adjuvant therapy use (P < 0.001). The patients with a mock endometrial thickness <8 mm experienced a significant improvement in pregnancy rates when taking adjuvant therapy (87.7 versus 73.5%, P < 0.05). Adjuvant therapy significantly improved both pregnancy (87.8 versus 76.8%, P < 0.01) and live birth rates (74.8 versus 63.7%, P < 0.05) in the entire patient population. While the use of adjuvant therapy did not significantly improve ultrasonographic endometrial thickness, it did improve outcome rates. C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. Reprod Med Associates New Jersey, Morristown, NJ USA. RP Frattarelli, JL (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, 1 Jarrett White Rd, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. EM jfrattarelli@rmanj.com NR 22 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU REPRODUCTIVE HEALTHCARE LTD PI CAMBRIDGE PA DUCK END FARM, DRY DRAYTON, CAMBRIDGE, CB3 8DB, ENGLAND SN 1472-6483 J9 REPROD BIOMED ONLINE JI Reprod. Biomed. Online PD JUN PY 2006 VL 12 IS 6 BP 722 EP 729 PG 8 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology GA 050AW UT WOS:000238060900012 PM 16792848 ER PT J AU Shkuratov, SI Talantsev, EF Baird, J Altgilbers, LL Stults, AH AF Shkuratov, SI Talantsev, EF Baird, J Altgilbers, LL Stults, AH TI Compact autonomous explosive-driven pulsed power system based on a capacitive energy storage charged by a high-voltage shock-wave ferromagnetic generator SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article AB A new concept for constructing compact autonomous pulsed power systems is presented. This concept utilizes a high-voltage explosive-driven shock-wave ferromagnetic generator (FMG) as a charging source for capacitive energy storage. It has been experimentally demonstrated that miniature FMGs (22-25 cm(3) in size and 84-95 g in mass) developed for these experiments can be successfully used to charge capacitor banks. The FMGs, containing Nd2Fe14B energy-carrying elements, provided pulsed powers of 35-45 kW in times ranging from 10 to 15 mu s. A methodology was developed for digital simulation of the operation of the transverse FMG. Experimental results that were obtained are in a good agreement with the results of digital simulations. (c) 2006 American Institute of Physics. C1 Loki Inc, Rolla, MO 65409 USA. USA, Space & Missile Def Command, Huntsville, AL 35807 USA. USA, Aviat & Missile Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. RP Shkuratov, SI (reprint author), Loki Inc, Rolla, MO 65409 USA. EM shkuratov@lokiconsult.com OI Talantsev, Evgeny/0000-0001-8970-7982 NR 9 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD JUN PY 2006 VL 77 IS 6 AR 066107 DI 10.1063/1.2205157 PG 4 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 059KX UT WOS:000238732800072 ER PT J AU Sondeen, JL Wade, CE Dubick, MA Prince, MD Holcomb, JB AF Sondeen, J. L. Wade, C. E. Dubick, M. A. Prince, M. D. Holcomb, J. B. TI Fresh whole blood is the best 24-h hypotensive resuscitative fluid in severe hemorrhage in swine. SO SHOCK LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 29th Annual Conference of the Shock-Society CY JUN 03-06, 2006 CL Broomfield, CO SP Shock Soc, Novo Nordisk, USN, Off Naval REs, Def Adv Res Projects Agcy C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1073-2322 J9 SHOCK JI Shock PD JUN PY 2006 VL 25 SU 1 BP 21 EP 21 DI 10.1097/00024382-200606001-00064 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Hematology; Surgery; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC General & Internal Medicine; Hematology; Surgery; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 047AA UT WOS:000237851000065 ER PT J AU Gorbunov, N Long, J Atkins, J AF Gorbunov, N. Long, J. Atkins, J. TI Arterial hypotension (AH) and the dynamics of iron nitrosyl hemoglobin (HBNO) in a rat model of blast-induced injury. SO SHOCK LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 29th Annual Conference of the Shock-Society CY JUN 03-06, 2006 CL Broomfield, CO SP Shock Soc, Novo Nordisk, USN, Off Naval REs, Def Adv Res Projects Agcy C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1073-2322 J9 SHOCK JI Shock PD JUN PY 2006 VL 25 SU 1 BP 26 EP 26 DI 10.1097/00024382-200606001-00078 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Hematology; Surgery; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC General & Internal Medicine; Hematology; Surgery; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 047AA UT WOS:000237851000079 ER PT J AU Atkins, JL Gorbunov, NV AF Atkins, J. L. Gorbunov, N. V. TI Changes in transferrin (Tf) and iron handling in hemorrhage/resuscitation (H/R) in rats. SO SHOCK LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 29th Annual Conference of the Shock-Society CY JUN 03-06, 2006 CL Broomfield, CO SP Shock Soc, Novo Nordisk, USN, Off Naval REs, Def Adv Res Projects Agcy C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RI Atkins, James/B-3577-2011 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1073-2322 J9 SHOCK JI Shock PD JUN PY 2006 VL 25 SU 1 BP 53 EP 54 DI 10.1097/00024382-200606001-00162 PG 2 WC Critical Care Medicine; Hematology; Surgery; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC General & Internal Medicine; Hematology; Surgery; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 047AA UT WOS:000237851000163 ER PT J AU Martini, WZ Chinkes, DL Sondeen, JL Dubick, MA AF Martini, W. Z. Chinkes, D. L. Sondeen, J. L. Dubick, M. A. TI Effects of hemorrhage and lactated ringer's (LR) resuscitation on coagulation and fibrinogen metabolism in pigs. SO SHOCK LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 29th Annual Conference of the Shock-Society CY JUN 03-06, 2006 CL Broomfield, CO SP Shock Soc, Novo Nordisk, USN, Off Naval REs, Def Adv Res Projects Agcy C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, San Antonio, TX 78234 USA. Univ Texas, Med Branch, Galveston, TX 77555 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1073-2322 J9 SHOCK JI Shock PD JUN PY 2006 VL 25 SU 1 BP 54 EP 54 DI 10.1097/00024382-200606001-00164 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Hematology; Surgery; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC General & Internal Medicine; Hematology; Surgery; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 047AA UT WOS:000237851000165 ER PT J AU Dubick, MA Prince, MD Sondeen, JL AF Dubick, M. A. Prince, M. D. Sondeen, J. L. TI Hypotensive resuscitation of severe hemorrhage (HEM) in swine with 5% saline (HS) or 7.5% saline/6% dextran (HSD). SO SHOCK LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 29th Annual Conference of the Shock-Society CY JUN 03-06, 2006 CL Broomfield, CO SP Shock Soc, Novo Nordisk, USN, Off Naval REs, Def Adv Res Projects Agcy C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, San Antonio, TX 78234 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1073-2322 J9 SHOCK JI Shock PD JUN PY 2006 VL 25 SU 1 BP 59 EP 59 DI 10.1097/00024382-200606001-00179 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Hematology; Surgery; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC General & Internal Medicine; Hematology; Surgery; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 047AA UT WOS:000237851000180 ER PT J AU Oliver, JD Atkins, JL Schooley, JF Wang, L Pamnani, MB AF Oliver, J. D. Atkins, J. L. Schooley, J. F. Wang, L. Pamnani, M. B. TI Cardiac contractility (DP/DTMAX) and response to resuscitation (RES) after hemorrhage (HEM). SO SHOCK LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 29th Annual Conference of the Shock-Society CY JUN 03-06, 2006 CL Broomfield, CO SP Shock Soc, Novo Nordisk, USN, Off Naval REs, Def Adv Res Projects Agcy C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1073-2322 J9 SHOCK JI Shock PD JUN PY 2006 VL 25 SU 1 BP 62 EP 63 DI 10.1097/00024382-200606001-00189 PG 2 WC Critical Care Medicine; Hematology; Surgery; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC General & Internal Medicine; Hematology; Surgery; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 047AA UT WOS:000237851000190 ER PT J AU Tabaku, L Lee, J Scultetus, A Bodo, M Pearce, F AF Tabaku, L. Lee, J. Scultetus, A. Bodo, M. Pearce, F. TI Mean arterial blood pressure (MAP) and oxygen consumption (VO2) as endpoints for closed-loop hypotensive resuscitation. SO SHOCK LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 29th Annual Conference of the Shock-Society CY JUN 03-06, 2006 CL Broomfield, CO SP Shock Soc, Novo Nordisk, USN, Off Naval REs, Def Adv Res Projects Agcy C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Resusc Med, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1073-2322 J9 SHOCK JI Shock PD JUN PY 2006 VL 25 SU 1 BP 63 EP 63 DI 10.1097/00024382-200606001-00190 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Hematology; Surgery; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC General & Internal Medicine; Hematology; Surgery; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 047AA UT WOS:000237851000191 ER PT J AU McMullin, N Hedner, U Ezban, M Pusateri, A Prince, M Sondeen, J AF McMullin, N. Hedner, U. Ezban, M. Pusateri, A. Prince, M. Sondeen, J. TI Recombinant human factor VIIa (rhFVIIa) reduces rebleed hemorrhage volume in swine aortotomy model. SO SHOCK LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 29th Annual Conference of the Shock-Society CY JUN 03-06, 2006 CL Broomfield, CO SP Shock Soc, Novo Nordisk, USN, Off Naval REs, Def Adv Res Projects Agcy C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Novo Nordisk AS, Malov, Denmark. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1073-2322 J9 SHOCK JI Shock PD JUN PY 2006 VL 25 SU 1 BP 96 EP 97 DI 10.1097/00024382-200606001-00291 PG 2 WC Critical Care Medicine; Hematology; Surgery; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC General & Internal Medicine; Hematology; Surgery; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 047AA UT WOS:000237851000292 ER PT J AU Millenbaugh, NJ Kiel, JL Ryan, KL Blystone, RV Kalns, JE Brott, BJ Cerna, CZ Lawrence, WS Soza, LL Mason, PA AF Millenbaugh, NJ Kiel, JL Ryan, KL Blystone, RV Kalns, JE Brott, BJ Cerna, CZ Lawrence, WS Soza, LL Mason, PA TI Comparison of blood pressure and thermal responses in rats exposed to millimeter wave energy or environmental heat SO SHOCK LA English DT Article DE radio frequency radiation; microwaves; nonionizing; hyperthermia; stroke; skin ID CIRCULATORY FAILURE; NITRIC-OXIDE; RADIOFREQUENCY RADIATION; HEMODYNAMICS; IRRADIATION; HYPOTENSION; ISOFLURANE; HEATSTROKE; KETAMINE; STRESS AB Electromagnetic fields at millimeter wave lengths are being developed for commercial and military use at power levels that can cause temperature increases in the skin. Previous work suggests that sustained exposure to millimeter waves causes greater heating of skin, leading to faster induction of circulatory failure than exposure to environmental heat (EH). We tested this hypothesis in three separate experiments by comparing temperature changes in skin, subcutis, and colon, and the time to reach circulatory collapse (mean arterial blood pressure, 20 mmHg) in male Sprague-Dawley rats exposed to the following conditions that produced similar rates of body core heating within each experiment: (1) EH at 42 degrees C, 35 GHz at 75 mW/cm(2), or 94 GHz at 75 mW/cm(2) under ketamine and xylazine anesthesia; (2) EH at 43 degrees C, 35 GHz at 90 mW/cm(2), or 94 GHz at 90 mW/cm(2) under ketamine and xylazine anesthesia; and (3) EH at 42 degrees C, 35 GHz at go mW/cm(2), or 94 GHz at 75 mW/cm(2) under isoflurane anesthesia. In all three experiments, the rate and amount of temperature increase at the subcutis and skin surface differed significantly in the rank order of 94 GHz more than 35 GHz more than EH. The time to reach circulatory collapse was significantly less only for rats exposed to 94 GHz at go mW/cm(2), the group with the greatest rate of skin and subcutis heating of all groups in this study, compared with both the 35 GHz at go mW/cm(2) and the EH at 43 degrees C groups. These data indicate that body core heating is the major determinant of induction of hemodynamic collapse, and the influence of heating of the skin and subcutis becomes significant only when a certain threshold rate of heating of these tissues is exceeded. C1 USAF, Res Lab, Human Effect Directorate, Brooks AFB, TX 78235 USA. Gen Dynam Corp, San Antonio, TX USA. USA, Inst Surg Res, Div Labs, Ft Sam Houston, TX USA. Trinity Univ, Dept Biol, San Antonio, TX 78212 USA. Hyper Biotechnol, San Antonio, TX USA. Conceptual MindWorks, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Millenbaugh, NJ (reprint author), USAF, Res Lab, Human Effect Directorate, Bldg 1162,8262 Hawks Rd, Brooks AFB, TX 78235 USA. EM nancy.millenbaugh.ctr@brooks.af.mil NR 30 TC 8 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1073-2322 J9 SHOCK JI Shock PD JUN PY 2006 VL 25 IS 6 BP 625 EP 632 DI 10.1097/01.shk.0000209550.11087.fd PG 8 WC Critical Care Medicine; Hematology; Surgery; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC General & Internal Medicine; Hematology; Surgery; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 044LP UT WOS:000237674200011 PM 16721271 ER PT J AU Killgore, WDS McBride, SA Killgore, DB Balkin, TJ AF Killgore, William D. S. McBride, Sharon A. Killgore, Desiree B. Balkin, Thomas J. TI The effects of caffeine, dextroamphetamine, and modafinil on humor appreciation during sleep deprivation SO SLEEP LA English DT Article DE sleep deprivation; modafinil; performance; caffeine; dextroamphetamine; cognitive function; humor appreciation ID SUSTAINED MENTAL WORK; COGNITIVE PERFORMANCE; D-AMPHETAMINE; VIGILANCE PERFORMANCE; DIVERGENT THINKING; DECISION-MAKING; ONE NIGHT; MOOD; ALERTNESS; TASK AB Study Objectives: Sleep loss consistently impairs performance on measures of alertness, vigilance, and response speed, but its effects on higher-order executive functions are not well delineated. Similarly, whereas deficits in arousal and vigilance can be temporarily countered by the use of several different stimulant medications, it is not clear how these compounds affect complex cognitive processes in sleep-deprived individuals. Design: We evaluated the effects of double-blind administration of 3 stimulant medications or placebo on the ability to appreciate humor in visual (cartoons) or verbal (headlines) stimuli presented on a computer screen following 49.5 hours of sleep deprivation. Setting: In-residence sleep-laboratory facility at the Walter Reed Army Institute of Research. Participants: Fifty-four healthy adults (29 men, 24 women), ranging in age from 18 to 36 years. Interventions: Each participant was randomly assigned to 1 of 3 stimulant medication groups, including caffeine, 600 mg, n = 12; modafinil, 400 mg, n = 11; dextroamphetamine, 20 mg, n = 16; or placebo, n = 14. Measurements and Results: Humor appreciation for cartoon stimuli was enhanced by modafinil relative to both placebo and caffeine, but there was no effect of any stimulant medication on the appreciation of verbal humor during sleep loss. In contrast, all 3 stimulants improved psychomotor response speed, whereas only caffeine and dextroamphetamine improved ratings of subjective sleepiness. Conclusions: Findings suggest that, despite similar alerting and vigilance-promoting effects, these 3 compounds have significantly different effects on those highly complex cognitive abilities mediated by the prefrontal cortex. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Neurosci, Dept Behav Biol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Killgore, WDS (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Neurosci, Dept Behav Biol, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM william.d.killgore@us.army.mil NR 67 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 4 U2 5 PU AMER ACADEMY SLEEP MEDICINE PI WESTCHESTER PA ONE WESTBROOK CORPORATE CENTER STE 920, WESTCHESTER, IL 60154 USA SN 0161-8105 J9 SLEEP JI Sleep PD JUN 1 PY 2006 VL 29 IS 6 BP 841 EP 847 PG 7 WC Clinical Neurology; Neurosciences SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 053SR UT WOS:000238325900017 PM 16796223 ER PT J AU Dezee, KJ Jackson, JL Hatzigeorgiou, C Kristo, D AF Dezee, KJ Jackson, JL Hatzigeorgiou, C Kristo, D TI The Epworth sleepiness scale: relationship to sleep and mental disorders in a sleep clinic SO SLEEP MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE mental disorders; depression; sleep apnea syndromes; Epworth sleepiness scale; sleep disorders ID QUALITY-OF-LIFE; DAYTIME SLEEPINESS; APNEA SYNDROME; NASAL CPAP; HEALTH; DEPRESSION; MILITARY; DIAGNOSES; SEVERITY; SYMPTOMS AB Background and purpose: Both sleep disorders and mental disorders are associated with excessive daytime sleepiness as measured by the Epworth sleepiness scale (ESS). We sought to assess the relationship between the ESS scores and mental disorders in a sleep clinic. Methods: One hundred sixty-five consecutive new referrals to a sleep clinic completed the ESS prior to their initial visit. Mental disorders (major depression, minor depression, anxiety not otherwise specified, and panic disorder) were diagnosed with the primary care evaluation of mental disorders (PRIME-MD) questionnaire, a reliable and valid instrument. Nearly all sleep diagnoses (95%) were made by polysomnography. Results: The mean ESS for the cohort was 12.3 (standard deviation (SD) 5.1). There was no difference in the mean ESS for those with and without mental disorders (12.8 vs. 12.2, P=0.48) or sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) (12.3 vs. 12.3, P=0.99). ESS scores were not different between patients with a comorbid mental disorder and SDB compared with the presence of a mental disorder or SDB alone (combination: 13.0 vs. mental disorder: 11.5 vs. SDB: 12.2, P=0.70). There was also no relationship between ESS scores and the respiratory disturbance index (RDI) (P=0.63). Conclusions: We found no relationship between ESS scores and mental disorders among referrals to a sleep clinic. ESS cannot be used to screen for mental disorders among sleep clinic patients. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 William Beaumont Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, El Paso, TX 79920 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Pulm Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Dezee, KJ (reprint author), William Beaumont Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, 5005 N Piedras St, El Paso, TX 79920 USA. EM kent.dezee@us.army.mil NR 39 TC 10 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1389-9457 J9 SLEEP MED JI Sleep Med. PD JUN PY 2006 VL 7 IS 4 BP 327 EP 332 DI 10.1016/j.sleep.2005.11.001 PG 6 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 056LB UT WOS:000238523200005 PM 16564218 ER PT J AU Zhou, WM Mackie, DM Taysing-Lara, M Dang, G Newman, PG Svensson, S AF Zhou, Weimin Mackie, David M. Taysing-Lara, Monica Dang, Gerard Newman, Peter G. Svensson, Stefan TI Novel reconfigurable semiconductor photonic crystal-MEMS device SO SOLID-STATE ELECTRONICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Semiconductor Device Research Symposium (ISDRS 2005 CY DEC 07-09, 2005 CL Washington, DC SP DARPA Microelect Technol Off, Natl Inst Stand Technol, USA Res Lab, Univ Maryland, Elect & Comp Engn Dept, USN, Naval Res Lab, USA Res Off, Natl Sci Fdn DE reconfigurable optoelectronic integrated circuit; reconfigurable optoelectronic device; semiconductor based photonic bandgap device; MEMS; photonic crystal; optical waveguide AB We present a novel device concept for a reconfigurable optoelectronic integrated circuit (OEIC) that can be reprogrammed for many different functionalitics. We report on our preliminary design, modeling, and fabrication of a semiconductor based photonic crystal (PhC) nano-membrane device with MEMS activated waveguide which is the basic building block of the reconfigurable OEIC. We have developed a technique to fabricate such a three-dimensional device on GaAs-AlGaAs epitaxial layers grown on a GaAs substrate. The device has a top PhC membrane layer structure composed of hexagonal holes in a triangular lattice. Below that, a separate suspended bridge layer or cantilever layer can insert a line of posts into the PhC holes to create a defect line that forms or alters an optical waveguide. This MEMS feature can generate/cancel a section of the waveguide in the PhC platform, or (by partial removal) it can change the dispersion of the waveguide. Therefore, the same structure can be actively reconfigured as different types of waveguide devices. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 USA, Sensors & Electron Devices Directorate, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Zhou, WM (reprint author), USA, Sensors & Electron Devices Directorate, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM wzhou@arl.army.mil NR 5 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0038-1101 J9 SOLID STATE ELECTRON JI Solid-State Electron. PD JUN PY 2006 VL 50 IS 6 BP 908 EP 913 DI 10.1016/j.sse.2006.05.005 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Engineering; Physics GA 070DB UT WOS:000239499400003 ER PT J AU Ali, HA Iliadis, AA Martinez-Miranda, LJ Lee, U AF Ali, H. A. Iliadis, A. A. Martinez-Miranda, L. J. Lee, U. TI Structural and rectifying junction properties of self-assembled ZnO nanoparticles in polystyrene diblock copolymers on (100)Si substrates SO SOLID-STATE ELECTRONICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Semiconductor Device Research Symposium (ISDRS 2005 CY DEC 07-09, 2005 CL Washington, DC SP DARPA Microelect Technol Off, Natl Inst Stand Technol, USA Res Lab, Univ Maryland, Elect & Comp Engn Dept, USN, Naval Res Lab, USA Res Off, Natl Sci Fdn ID NANOSTRUCTURES; NANOCRYSTALS; PRESSURE; SI AB The structural and electronic transport properties of self-assembled ZnO nanoparticles in polystyrene-acrylic acid, [PS](m)/[PAA](n), diblock copolymer on p-type (100)Si substrates are reported for the first time. Four different block repeat unit ratios (m/n) of 159/63, 139/17,106/17, and 106/4, were examined in order to correlate the physical parameters (size, density) of the nanoparticles with the copolymer block lengths in and n. We established that the self-assembled ZnO nanoparticle average size increased linearly with minority block length it.. while the average density decreased exponentially with majority block length m. Average size varied from 20 nm to 250 nm and average density from 3.5 x 10(7) cm(-2) to 1 x 10(10) cm(-2), depending on copolymer parameters. X-ray diffraction studies showed the particles to have a wurtzite crystal structure with the (100) being the dominant orientation. Room temperature current-voltage characteristics measured for an Al/ZnO-nanocomposite/Si structure exhibited rectifying junction properties and indicated the formation of Al/ZnO-nanocomposite Schottky type junction with a barrier height of 0.7 V. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Maryland, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Univ Aegean, Dept Informat & Commun Syst Engn, Aegean, Greece. Univ Maryland, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Ali, HA (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM hasina_afroz@yahoo.com NR 13 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 4 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0038-1101 J9 SOLID STATE ELECTRON JI Solid-State Electron. PD JUN PY 2006 VL 50 IS 6 BP 1105 EP 1112 DI 10.1016/j.sse.2006.04.039 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Engineering; Physics GA 070DB UT WOS:000239499400033 ER PT J AU Sarney, WL Little, JW Svensson, SP AF Sarney, W. L. Little, J. W. Svensson, S. P. TI Microstructural characterization of quantum dots with type-II band alignments SO SOLID-STATE ELECTRONICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Semiconductor Device Research Symposium (ISDRS 2005 CY DEC 07-09, 2005 CL Washington, DC SP DARPA Microelect Technol Off, Natl Inst Stand Technol, USA Res Lab, Univ Maryland, Elect & Comp Engn Dept, USN, Naval Res Lab, USA Res Off, Natl Sci Fdn DE quantum dots; type-II band alignment; transmission electron microscopy ID MECHANISM AB We are investigating the structural, electrical, and infrared (IR) optical properties of a new material system comprising undoped self-assembled quantum dots having a type-II band alignment with the surrounding matrix. This materials system is fundamentally different from those using conventional type-I quantum dots that must be doped and that rely on intersubband transitions for IR photoresponse. Type-II quantum dots operate in the photovoltaic mode with IR photoresponse arising from electron-hole pair production involving three-dimensionally confined states in the dots and quantum well states in the matrix material. In this paper, we discuss the structural characterization of molecular beam epitaxy (MBE)-grown InSb quantum dots embedded in an In0.53Ga0.47As matrix lattice-matched to an InP substrate. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 USA, Res Lab, Sensors & Elect Devices Directorate, ARL,SE,AMSRD,EI, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Sarney, WL (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Sensors & Elect Devices Directorate, ARL,SE,AMSRD,EI, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM wsarney@arl.army.mil NR 6 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0038-1101 J9 SOLID STATE ELECTRON JI Solid-State Electron. PD JUN PY 2006 VL 50 IS 6 BP 1124 EP 1127 DI 10.1016/j.sse.2006.04.016 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Engineering; Physics GA 070DB UT WOS:000239499400036 ER PT J AU Brachman, JM McCants, WF AF Brachman, Jarret M. McCants, William F. TI Stealing Al Qaeda's playbook SO STUDIES IN CONFLICT & TERRORISM LA English DT Article AB The key to defeating the jihadi movement is identifying its strengths and weaknesses so that the former may be countered or co-opted and the latter exploited. This article argues that the people who know these strengths and weaknesses best are the jihadis themselves; one just needs to know where (and how) to look for their insights. To this end, this article demonstrates a method for mining the works of jihadi ideologues for tactical and strategic information that will help the United States craft effective measures for defeating the jihadi movement and its followers. C1 US Mil Acad, Combating Terrorism Ctr, West Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Brachman, JM (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Combating Terrorism Ctr, West Point, NY 10996 USA. EM jarret.brachman@usma.edu NR 4 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 1 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1057-610X J9 STUD CONFL TERROR JI Stud. Confl. Terror. PD JUN PY 2006 VL 29 IS 4 BP 309 EP 321 DI 10.1080/10576100600634605 PG 13 WC International Relations; Political Science SC International Relations; Government & Law GA 079PF UT WOS:000240188600001 ER PT J AU Lucci, EB AF Lucci, Edward B. TI Civilian preparedness and counter-terrorism: Conventional weapons SO SURGICAL CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA LA English DT Article ID SURGICAL RESOURCE UTILIZATION; MULTIPLE-CASUALTY INCIDENTS; SUICIDE BOMBING ATTACKS; PRIMARY BLAST INJURY; COMPUTER-SIMULATION; TRAUMA CENTERS; MANAGEMENT; EXPLOSION; LESSONS; CARE AB Most terrorist attacks involve conventional weapons. These explosive devices produce injury patterns that are sometimes predictable. The chaos produced from these weapons can be greatly reduced with prior planning, response practice, and realization by the entire medical community of the need to participate in preparation for these devastating events. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Lucci, EB (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Bldg 2,Room 1B09,6900 Georgia Ave, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM edward.lucci@na.amedd.army.mil NR 62 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 3 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0039-6109 J9 SURG CLIN N AM JI Surg. Clin.-North Am. PD JUN PY 2006 VL 86 IS 3 BP 579 EP + DI 10.1016/j.suc.2006.03.001 PG 23 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA 064TR UT WOS:000239112500007 PM 16781271 ER PT J AU Flynn, DF Goans, RE AF Flynn, Daniel F. Goans, Ronald E. TI Nuclear terrorism: Triage and medical management of radiation and combined-injury casualties SO SURGICAL CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA LA English DT Article ID EARLY DOSE ASSESSMENT; RADIOLOGICAL CASUALTIES; EXPOSURE; INCIDENTS; AWARENESS AB This article addresses the medical effects of nuclear explosions and other forms of radiation exposure, assessment of radiation dose, triage of victims, definitive treatment of radiation and combined-injury casualties, and planning for emergency services after a terrorist attack involving a nuclear device. It reviews historical events of mass radiation-induced casualties and fatalities at Hiroshima, Chernobyl, and Goiania, and discusses various scenarios for nuclear terrorism. C1 USA, Reserves Med Corp, Off Command Surg, Reg Readiness Command 94, Devens, MA 01434 USA. Oak Ridge Inst Sci & Educ, Radiat Emergency Assistance Ctr, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Holy Family Hosp, Dept Radiat Oncol, NERTA, Methuen, MA 01844 USA. MJW Corp, Amherst, NY 14228 USA. Tulane Univ, Sch Publ Hlth & Trop Med, Ctr Appl Environm Publ Hlth, New Orleans, LA 70112 USA. RP Flynn, DF (reprint author), Holy Family Hosp, Dept Radiat Oncol, NERTA, 70 East St, Methuen, MA 01844 USA. EM daniel_f_flynn_md@cchcs.org NR 52 TC 44 Z9 48 U1 0 U2 9 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0039-6109 J9 SURG CLIN N AM JI Surg. Clin.-North Am. PD JUN PY 2006 VL 86 IS 3 BP 601 EP + DI 10.1016/j.suc.2006.03.005 PG 37 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA 064TR UT WOS:000239112500008 PM 16781272 ER PT J AU Clayton, JD AF Clayton, JD TI Continuum multiscale modeling of finite deformation plasticity and anisotropic damage in polycrystals SO THEORETICAL AND APPLIED FRACTURE MECHANICS LA English DT Article ID SINGLE-CRYSTALS; STRAIN-RATE; FRACTURE; METALS; ELASTOPLASTICITY; VISCOPLASTICITY; MECHANICS; TITANIUM; BEHAVIOR AB A framework for describing the deformation and failure responses of multi-phase polycrystalline microstructures is developed from micromechanical considerations and volume averaging techniques. Contributions from damage (i.e., displacement discontinuities such as cracks, voids, and shear bands) are captured explicitly in the framework's kinematics and balance relations through additive decompositions of the total deformation gradient and nominal stress, respectively. These additive decompositions-which notably enable description of arbitrarily anisotropic deformations and stresses induced by damage-are derived following the generalized theorem of Gauss, i.e., a version of the divergence theorem of vector calculus. A specific rendition of the general framework is applied to study the response of a dual-phase tungsten (W) alloy consisting of relatively stiff pure W grains embedded in a more ductile metallic binder material. In the present implementation, a Taylor scheme is invoked to average grain responses within each phase, with the local behavior of individual grains modeled with finite deformation crystal plasticity theory. The framework distinguishes between the effects of intergranular damage at grain and phase boundaries and transgranular damage (e.g., cleavage fracture of individual crystals). Strength reduction is induced by the evolving volume fraction of damage (i.e., porosity) and microcrack densities. Model predictions are compared with experimental data and observations for the W alloy subjected to various loading conditions. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Clayton, JD (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. EM jdclayt@comcast.net RI Clayton, John/C-7760-2009 NR 30 TC 23 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-8442 J9 THEOR APPL FRACT MEC JI Theor. Appl. Fract. Mech. PD JUN PY 2006 VL 45 IS 3 BP 163 EP 185 DI 10.1016/j.tafmec.2006.03.001 PG 23 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Engineering; Mechanics GA 058XS UT WOS:000238698500001 ER PT J AU Cardo, LJ Salata, J Harman, R Mendez, J Weina, PJ AF Cardo, LJ Salata, J Harman, R Mendez, J Weina, PJ TI Leukodepletion filters reduce Leishmania in blood products when used at collection or at the bedside SO TRANSFUSION LA English DT Article ID VISCERAL LEISHMANIASIS; SURFACE-CHARGE; CYTOMEGALOVIRUS; FILTRATION; BRAZILIENSIS; REMOVAL; TROPICA; DISEASE AB BACKGROUND: Leishmania is an intracellular parasite of monocytes transmissible by transfusion. The feasibility of reducing Leishmania with leukodepletion filters was studied. At collection, infected blood contains the amastigote form of Leishmania within monocytes. Amastigotes cause the rupture of monocytes releasing free amastigotes that convert to promastigotes, which exist extracellularly at blood storage temperatures. Leukodepletion filters were tested at various time points in this process. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Blood products were infected with Leishmania organisms and then filtered with whole-blood filters at collection, with bedside filters after storage, and to determine whether free promastigotes could be eliminated. RESULTS: Filtration at collection reduced Leishmania by 3 to 4 log or to the level of detection. Filtration of infected red cells after 2 weeks of storage showed a reduction of Leishmania by 4 log. Filtration resulted in a 6- to 8-log reduction in promastigotes either in the presence or in the absence of white cells within the filter. CONCLUSION: Filtration at the time of collection and after storage of Leishmania-infected blood resulted in a substantial reduction of free and intracellular organisms. There is currently no donor screen for Leishmania. Until adequate testing is developed, the use of leukodepletion filters could add to the safety of the blood supply. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Transfus Med Branch, Dept Blood Res, Div Mil Casualty Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Leishmania Diagnost Lab, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP Cardo, LJ (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Transfus Med Branch, Dept Blood Res, Div Mil Casualty Res, 503 Robert Grant Ave,1N80, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM Lisa.Cardo@us.army.mil RI Weina, Peter/A-2120-2011 NR 29 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0041-1132 J9 TRANSFUSION JI Transfusion PD JUN PY 2006 VL 46 IS 6 BP 896 EP 902 DI 10.1111/j.1537-2995.2006.00821.x PG 7 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 045KQ UT WOS:000237741400007 PM 16734805 ER PT J AU Lin, HC Clark, JY AF Lin, HC Clark, JY TI Testicular teratoma presenting as a transilluminating scrotal mass SO UROLOGY LA English DT Article ID PREPUBERTAL TESTIS TUMORS; REGISTRY AB Prepubertal testicular neoplasms are uncommon and differ from adult neoplasms in histopathologic features and presentation. The presented case describes a 3-year-old boy with an enlarged, transilluminating scrotal mass. Ultrasonography revealed a heterogeneous mass and absence of a hydrocele. After right radical orchiectomy, pathologic examination confirmed the mass as a mature teratoma. Although tumor registries cite yolk sac tumor as the most common prepubertal testis neoplasm, more recent studies have demonstrated benign tumors such as teratomas to be more common, Although rare, some prepubertal tumors such as teratomas may transilluminate. Ultrasonography should be used to evaluate hydroceles when the testis is impalpable. C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Urol Serv, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. RP Lin, HC (reprint author), Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. EM linh2@uthscsa.edu OI Clark, Joseph/0000-0002-3817-4343 NR 6 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0090-4295 J9 UROLOGY JI Urology PD JUN PY 2006 VL 67 IS 6 AR 1290.e3 DI 10.1016/j.urology.2005.12.007 PG 5 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 054PK UT WOS:000238390900044 ER PT J AU Son, A Lee, J Chiu, PC Kim, BJ Cha, DK AF Son, A Lee, J Chiu, PC Kim, BJ Cha, DK TI Microbial reduction of perchlorate with zero-valent iron SO WATER RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE perchlorate; microbial reduction; zero-valent iron; perchlorate reducing bacteria ID PACKED-BED BIOREACTOR; (PER)CHLORATE-REDUCING BACTERIA; ELECTRON-DONOR; ELEMENTAL IRON; MIXED CULTURE; GAS-PHASE; HYDROGEN; REMOVAL; WATER; DEHALOGENATION AB Microbial reduction of perchlorate in the presence of zero-valent iron was examined in both batch and column reactors to assess the potential of iron as the electron donor for biological perchlorate reduction process. Iron-supported mixed cultures completely removed 65 mg/L of perchlorate in batch reactors in 8 days. The removal rate was similar to that observed with hydrogen gas (5%) and acetate (173mg/L) as electron donors. Repeated spiking of perchlorate to batch reactors containing iron granules and microorganisms showed that complete perchlorate reduction by the iron-supported culture was sustained over a long period. Complete removal of perchlorate by iron-supported anaerobic culture was also achieved in a bench-scale iron column with a hydraulic residence time of 2 days. This study demonstrated the potential applicability of zero-valent iron as a source of electrons for biological perchlorate reduction. Use of zero-valent iron may eliminate the need to continually supply electron donors such as organic substrates or explosive hydrogen gas. in addition, iron is inexpensive, safe to handle, and does not leave organic residuals in the treated water. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Delaware, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Newark, DE 19716 USA. USA, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, Champaign, IL 61826 USA. RP Cha, DK (reprint author), Univ Delaware, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Newark, DE 19716 USA. EM cha@ce.udel.edu NR 42 TC 46 Z9 64 U1 2 U2 28 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0043-1354 J9 WATER RES JI Water Res. PD JUN PY 2006 VL 40 IS 10 BP 2027 EP 2032 DI 10.1016/j.watres.2006.03.027 PG 6 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Water Resources SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Water Resources GA 051RF UT WOS:000238177700012 PM 16697026 ER PT J AU Mettler-Cherry, PA Smith, M Keevin, TM AF Mettler-Cherry, PA Smith, M Keevin, TM TI Habitat characterization and geospatial metapopulation dynamics of threatened floodplain species Boltonia decurrens using a GIS SO WETLANDS LA English DT Article DE Boltonia decurrens; metapopulation; threatened species; flood pulse; Illinois River ID POPULATION-DYNAMICS; PLANT; ASTERACEAE; RIVERS; CONNECTIVITY; GERMINATION; MANAGEMENT; SUCCESSION; SCALE; RARE AB The flood pulse of the Illinois River (Illinois, USA) has been distorted and the floodplain extensively modified as a result of human activity. This activity has changed the historic flood regime from moderate, late winter-early spring flood pulses, followed by a summer drawdown period, to a chaotic hydrology with floods occurring throughout the year. Boltonia decurrens (Torrey and Gray, Wood), federally listed as a threatened species, is endemic to the Illinois River floodplain. The species occurs as a large metapopulation; however, flood regime and habitat alteration have substantially reduced the size and number of populations within the metapopulation. We developed a geographic information system (GIS) to analyze habitat and geospatial population dynamics for B. decurrens. We analyzed floodplain land cover, identified specific wetland patches supporting B. decurrens, quantified habitat availability, habitat pattern, and analyzed the distribution of populations and individuals by wetland type and flood regime for the census period 1984-2001. Our results show that floodplains of the navigation pools analyzed were dominated by row crop agriculture and forested wetlands with five land-cover types accounting for > 90% of floodplain land-cover. Distribution analyses indicate that more populations and larger populations of B. decurrens occur on non-forested wetlands than forested wetlands. Habitat has been reduced for the species, and remaining habitat is highly fragmented with reduced connectivity. Patch occupancy rates were <= 1% for each pool and for all pools combined. Colonization and extinction rates fluctuated widely during this study, and there were no significant differences in the means of these rates for each individual pool and for all pools combined. Although during this study, there was relative stability between colonization and extinction rates, low patch occupancy combined with habitat reduction and reduced connectivity leaves the species vulnerable to extinction. C1 So Illinois Univ, Dept Biol Sci, Carbondale, IL 62901 USA. USA, Corps Engineers, Environm Anal Branch, St Louis, MO 63103 USA. So Illinois Univ, Dept Plant Biol, Carbondale, IL 62901 USA. RP Mettler-Cherry, PA (reprint author), Lindenwood Univ, Dept Biol, St Charles, MO 63301 USA. EM pmettler-cherry@lindenwood.edu NR 68 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 9 PU SOC WETLAND SCIENTISTS PI LAWRENCE PA 810 E TENTH ST, P O BOX 1897, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 0277-5212 J9 WETLANDS JI Wetlands PD JUN PY 2006 VL 26 IS 2 BP 336 EP 348 DI 10.1672/0277-5212(2006)26[336:HCAGMD]2.0.CO;2 PG 13 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 058YY UT WOS:000238701700006 ER PT J AU Lichvar, R Brostoff, W Sprecher, S AF Lichvar, Robert Brostoff, William Sprecher, Steven TI Surficial features associated with ponded water on playas of the arid southwestern United States: Indicators for delineating regulated areas under the Clean Water Act SO WETLANDS LA English DT Article DE delineation; playa; dry lake; waters of the United States; indicators; OHW; OHWM; biotic crust ID WESTERN-MOJAVE DESERT; AIR-FORCE-BASE; CRYPTOBIOTIC CRUSTS; VERNAL POOL; CALIFORNIA; ANOSTRACA; BRANCHIOPODA; CHECKLIST; HABITAT; SYSTEM AB Desert playas can be unambiguously identified in a geological context. However, identifying those portions of desert playas that are defined as either three-parameter wetlands or Waters of the United States (WoUS) in the Clean Water Act (CWA), and thus under the jurisdiction of Federal agencies charged with enforcing the CWA, is sometimes problematic. Although the WoUS definition specifically includes playas, the guidance for playa delineation is not as highly developed as that for wetlands. Delineating WoUS on desert playas involves determining the Ordinary High Water Mark. Field experience has demonstrated that the indicators for Ordinary High Water on desert playas have not been fully identified nor have they been associated with ponding that represents the limits of Ordinary High Water. This report discusses the distribution of indicators above, below, and at the Ordinary High Water Mark. Fifteen playa features are identified for possible delineation use and are rated for reliability and their relationship to the Ordinary High Water position. C1 Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. USA, Corps Engineers, San Francisco, CA 94105 USA. USDA, Natl Resource Conservat Serv, NW Area Off, Lafayette, IN 47907 USA. RP Lichvar, R (reprint author), Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, 72 Lyme Rd, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. NR 74 TC 7 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 5 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0277-5212 J9 WETLANDS JI Wetlands PD JUN PY 2006 VL 26 IS 2 BP 385 EP 399 DI 10.1672/0277-5212(2006)26[385:SFAWPW]2.0.CO;2 PG 15 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 058YY UT WOS:000238701700011 ER PT J AU Jeong, JB Jun, LJ Park, KH Kim, KH Chung, JK Komisare, JL Do Jeong, H AF Jeong, Joon Bum Jun, Lyu Jin Park, Kyung Hyun Kim, Ki Hong Chung, Joon-Ki Komisare, Jack L. Do Jeong, Hyun TI Asymptomatic iridovirus infection in various marine fishes detected by a 2-step PCR method SO AQUACULTURE LA English DT Article DE iridovirus; asymptomatic infection; genomic variation; DNA homology; gene amplification; repetitive element ID RED-SEA BREAM; LYMPHOCYSTIS DISEASE VIRUS; COMPLETE DNA-SEQUENCE; COMPLETE GENOME; PERSISTENCE; PARTICLES AB Iridovirus is a major fish pathogen in marine aquaculture of Asian countries including Korea. In this study we present the first report of the presence of asymptomatic iridovirus infection in various cultured marine fishes in Asian countries. The presence of iridovirus in 250 samples taken from fish of market size of 4 different farmed species for each month of 2003 was determined using a 2-step PCR technique. The proportion of iridovirus-positive fish varied from month to month, but the overall prevalence was 37.2% (93/250), and differed depending upon the species of fish: 79.7% (51/78) for rock bream (Oplegnathus fasciatus), 31.3% (20/64) for rockfish (Sebastes schlegeli), 27.3% (15/55) for sea perch (Lateolabrax sp.), and 13.2% (7/53) for red sea bream (Pagrus major). In a genomic analysis, we found that i) the DNA concentration of the iridovirus in asymptomatically infected tissues was approximately 10(-5) times of that of moribund fish infected clinically, ii) a comparison of three different genomic regions of iridoviruses causing clinical and asymptomatic infections, respectively, revealed no differences, iii) these nucleotide sequences were the same as those of the iridovirus Sachun (IVS-1), which is known to be the major iridovirus strain in Korea, except for a 48-bp deletion of the repeating sequences in the ORF-1 gene in the K1 region. In a challenge experiment with the iridovirus (IVS-2) obtained from moribund rock bream in 2003, it was confirmed that a protective immune response against a second clinical viral infection was not evoked in hosts infected by asymptomatically infectious iridovirus (ASIV), whether these were adult fish of market size or young-of-year fish. This is the first report of a high level of asymptomatic iridovirus infection in various marine cultured fish. Its implication for the potential risk of clinical infection with iridovirus is discussed. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Pukyong Natl Univ, Dept Aquat Life Med, Pusan 608737, South Korea. S Sea Fisheries Res Inst, Natl Fishery Res & Dev Inst, Yeosu, South Korea. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Immunol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Do Jeong, H (reprint author), Pukyong Natl Univ, Dept Aquat Life Med, 599-1 Dae Yeon Dong, Pusan 608737, South Korea. EM Jeonghd@pknu.ac.kr NR 23 TC 12 Z9 14 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0044-8486 J9 AQUACULTURE JI Aquaculture PD MAY 31 PY 2006 VL 255 IS 1-4 BP 30 EP 38 DI 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2005.12.019 PG 9 WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 055NL UT WOS:000238457300002 ER PT J AU Jeong, JB Kim, HY Kim, KH Chung, JK Komisar, JL Do Jeong, H AF Jeong, JB Kim, HY Kim, KH Chung, JK Komisar, JL Do Jeong, H TI Molecular comparison of iridoviruses isolated from marine fish cultured in Korea and imported from China SO AQUACULTURE LA English DT Article DE iridovirus; genomic variation; DNA homology; gene amplification; repetitive element ID RED-SEA BREAM; LYMPHOCYSTIS DISEASE VIRUS; NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCE ANALYSIS; POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; LARGEMOUTH BASS VIRUS; MAJOR CAPSID PROTEIN; PERCA-FLUVIATILIS L; PCR AMPLIFICATION; DNA; GENOME AB We have identified three iridovirus isolates, Sachun and Namhae from diseased fish, and CH-1 from infected imported fish. In order to determine whether these iridovirus isolates are distinguishable from other fish iridoviruses reported as Ranavirus, nucleotide sequence analysis of the K2 region was carried out. This 5905 by K2 region located between DPOL and RNRS gene includes the 4436 by K1 region analyzed in our laboratory previously and its flanking regions. The sequences of this region in various iridovirus isolates from fish differed from one another (percent identity=72 similar to 92) by nucleotide substitutions, insertions, and deletions. Most of the various insertions and deletions, with lengths of up to 163 bp, appeared in clusters in the repeating sequences in both the open reading frames (ORFs) and intergenic regions in K2 region. High homologies, > 71%, were demonstrated in the nucleotide sequences of the ORFs in the K2 regions of iridovirus strains including the infectious spleen and kidney necrosis virus (ISKNV), notably > 91% between isolates Sachun and Namhae isolated in Korea. Thus, these iridoviruses isolated from marine fish might be considered to be members of the tropical iridovirus group, which includes the red sea bream (Pagrus major) iridovirus (RSIV) Ehime-1 and is different from the genera Ranavirus, Lymphocystivirus, and Iridovirus in the family Iridoviridae. Identification of these iridovirus isolates was based on the different sizes of the resulting amplicons in discriminative PCR with primers derived from the K2 region, which contained different lengths of insertion (or deletion) depending upon the isolates. We also have described the possibility of asymptomatic iridovirus infection in fish. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Pukyong Natl Univ, Dept Aquat Life Med, Pusan 608737, South Korea. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Immunol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Do Jeong, H (reprint author), Pukyong Natl Univ, Dept Aquat Life Med, 599-1 Dae Yeon Dong, Pusan 608737, South Korea. EM Jeonghd@pknu.ac.kr NR 35 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 3 U2 9 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0044-8486 J9 AQUACULTURE JI Aquaculture PD MAY 31 PY 2006 VL 255 IS 1-4 BP 105 EP 116 DI 10.1016/j.aquaculture.2005.12.015 PG 12 WC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Fisheries; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 055NL UT WOS:000238457300009 ER PT J AU Morley, MC Yamamoto, H Speitel, GE Clausen, J AF Morley, MC Yamamoto, H Speitel, GE Clausen, J TI Dissolution kinetics of high explosives particles in a saturated sandy soil SO JOURNAL OF CONTAMINANT HYDROLOGY LA English DT Article DE explosives; dissolution; kinetics; composition B; C4 contaminant flux; mass transfer ID RANGES; RATES; TNT; RDX; HMX AB Solid phase high explosive (FIE) residues from munitions detonation may be a persistent source of soil and groundwater contamination at military training ranges. Saturated soil column tests were conducted to observe the dissolution behavior of individual components (RDX, HMX, and TNT) from two HE formulations (Comp B and C4). HE particles dissolved readily, with higher velocities yielding higher dissolution rates, higher mass transfer coefficients, and lower effluent concentrations. Effluent concentrations were below solubility limits for all components at superficial velocities of 10-50 cm day(-1). Under continuous flow at 50 cm day(-1), RDX dissolution rates from Comp B and C4 were 34.6 and 97.6 mu g h(-1) cm(-1) (based on initial RDX Surface area), respectively, significantly lower than previously reported dissolution rates. Cycling between flow and no-flow conditions had a small effect on the dissolution rates and effluent concentrations; however, TNT dissolution from Comp B was enhanced under intermittent-flow conditions. A model that includes advection, dispersion, and film transfer resistance was developed to estimate the steady-state effluent concentrations. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Nebraska, Dept Civil Engn, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. Univ Texas, Dept Civil Architectural & Environm Engn, Austin, TX 78712 USA. USA, Corps Engineers, Ctr Res & Dev, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Morley, MC (reprint author), Univ Nebraska, Dept Civil Engn, W348 Nebraska Hall, Lincoln, NE 68588 USA. EM mmorley2@yahoo.corn; hiroshi@ias.tokushima-u.ac.jp RI Yamamoto, Hiroshi/J-1579-2014 NR 19 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-7722 J9 J CONTAM HYDROL JI J. Contam. Hydrol. PD MAY 30 PY 2006 VL 85 IS 3-4 BP 141 EP 158 DI 10.1016/j.jconhyd.2006.01.003 PG 18 WC Environmental Sciences; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary; Water Resources SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Geology; Water Resources GA 049CJ UT WOS:000237992800003 PM 16530292 ER PT J AU Yu, YT Kim, HS Chua, HH Lin, CH Sim, SH Lin, DX Derr, A Engels, R DeShazer, D Birren, B Nierman, WC Tan, P AF Yu, Yiting Kim, H. Stanley Chua, Hui Hoon Lin, Chi Ho Sim, Siew Hoon Lin, Daoxun Derr, Alan Engels, Reinhard DeShazer, David Birren, Bruce Nierman, William C. Tan, Patrick TI Genomic patterns of pathogen evolution revealed by comparison of Burkholderia pseudomallei, the causative agent of melioidosis, to avirulent Burkholderia thailandensis SO BMC MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ESCHERICHIA-COLI; YERSINIA-PSEUDOTUBERCULOSIS; CAPSULAR POLYSACCHARIDE; SEQUENCE ALIGNMENT; EPITHELIAL-CELLS; VIRULENCE GENES; MALLEI; IDENTIFICATION; PSEUDOGENES; RESISTANCE AB Background: The Gram-negative bacterium Burkholderia pseudomallei (Bp) is the causative agent of the human disease melioidosis. To understand the evolutionary mechanisms contributing to Bp virulence, we performed a comparative genomic analysis of Bp K96243 and B. thailandensis (Bt) E264, a closely related but avirulent relative. Results: We found the Bp and Bt genomes to be broadly similar, comprising two highly syntenic chromosomes with comparable numbers of coding regions (CDs), protein family distributions, and horizontally acquired genomic islands, which we experimentally validated to be differentially present in multiple Bt isolates. By examining species-specific genomic regions, we derived molecular explanations for previously-known metabolic differences, discovered potentially new ones, and found that the acquisition of a capsular polysaccharide gene cluster in Bp, a key virulence component, is likely to have occurred non-randomly via replacement of an ancestral polysaccharide cluster. Virulence related genes, in particular members of the Type III secretion needle complex, were collectively more divergent between Bp and Bt compared to the rest of the genome, possibly contributing towards the ability of Bp to infect mammalian hosts. An analysis of pseudogenes between the two species revealed that protein inactivation events were significantly biased towards membrane-associated proteins in Bt and transcription factors in Bp. Conclusion: Our results suggest that a limited number of horizontal-acquisition events, coupled with the fine-scale functional modulation of existing proteins, are likely to be the major drivers underlying Bp virulence. The extensive genomic similarity between Bp and Bt suggests that, in some cases, Bt could be used as a possible model system for studying certain aspects of Bp behavior. C1 Genome Inst Singapore, Singapore 138672, Singapore. Natl Canc Ctr, Singapore 169610, Singapore. Inst Genom Res, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. DSO Natl Labs, Def Med & Environm Res Inst, Singapore 117510, Singapore. Broad Inst, Cambridge, MA 02141 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Bacteriol Div, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Tan, P (reprint author), Genome Inst Singapore, Singapore 138672, Singapore. EM yuy@gis.a-star.edu.sg; hkim@tigr.org; chuah2@gis.a-star.edu.sg; linc@gis.a-star.edu.sg; ssiewhoo@dso.org.sg; daoxun@gmail.com; aderr@broad.mit.edu; reinhard@broad.mit.edu; david.deshazer@us.army.mil; bwb@broad.mit.edu; wnierman@tigr.org; tanbop@gis.a-star.edu.sg RI Yu, Yiting/C-8443-2009 NR 53 TC 79 Z9 79 U1 1 U2 8 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2180 J9 BMC MICROBIOL JI BMC Microbiol. PD MAY 26 PY 2006 VL 6 AR 46 DI 10.1186/1471-2180-6-46 PG 17 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 064QW UT WOS:000239105200001 PM 16725056 ER PT J AU Bhat, KR Benton, BJ Ray, R AF Bhat, KR Benton, BJ Ray, R TI DNA ligase I is an in vivo substrate of DNA-dependent protein kinase and is activated by phosphorylation in response to DNA double-strand breaks SO BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID V(D)J RECOMBINATION; OOCYTE MATURATION; REPAIR; CELLS; DAMAGE; KERATINOCYTES; REPLICATION; INHIBITION; MICE; ATM AB DNA-dependent protein kinase (DNA-PK) phosphorylates several cellular proteins in vitro, but its cellular function and natural substrate(s) in vivo are not established. We reported activation of DNA ligase in cultured normal human epidermal keratinocytes (NHEK) on exposure to the DNA-damaging compound bis-(2-chloroethyl) sulfide. The activated enzyme was identified as DNA ligase I, and this activation was attributed to phosphorylation of the enzyme. Here, we show that the phosphorylation is mediated by DNA-PK and that DNA ligase I is one of its natural substrates in vivo. DNA ligase I phosphorylation-cum-activation is a response specific to DNA double-strand breaks. We also demonstrate that affinity-purified inactive DNA ligase I is phosphorylated and activated in vitro by HeLa Cell DNA-PK confirming the in vivo observations. The findings specify the roles of DNA-PK and DNA ligase I in mammalian DNA double-strand break repair. C1 USA, Res Inst Chem Def, Cell & Mol Biol Branch, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. Lincoln Univ, Dept Chem, Lincoln Univ, PA 19352 USA. RP Ray, R (reprint author), USA, Res Inst Chem Def, Cell & Mol Biol Branch, 3100 Ricketts Point Rd, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM radharaman.ray@us.army.mil NR 28 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0006-2960 J9 BIOCHEMISTRY-US JI Biochemistry PD MAY 23 PY 2006 VL 45 IS 20 BP 6522 EP 6528 DI 10.1021/bi051504i PG 7 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 043TS UT WOS:000237625200028 PM 16700562 ER PT J AU Lau, KC Pandey, R Pati, R Karna, SP AF Lau, KC Pandey, R Pati, R Karna, SP TI Theoretical study of electron transport in boron nanotubes SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID CARBON NANOTUBES; CONDUCTANCE AB The electron transport in single-walled boron nanotube (BNT) is studied using the Landauer-Buttiker [R. Landauer, J. Phys.: Condens: Matter 1, 8099 (1989); M. Buttiker, Phys. Rev. Lett. 57, 1761 (1986)] multichannel approach in conjunction with the tight-binding method. In the range of the calculated length (1-5.0 nm) of the tubes, the calculations predict a ballistic transport in BNT and find a relatively low resistance for BNTs as compared to that of the single-walled carbon nanotubes (CNTs) of comparable length. A lower resistance in the case of BNT than the CNT may be attributed to electron-deficient nature of boron characterized by the presence of two-center, and multicenter bonds in the former. (c) 2006 American Institute of Physics. C1 Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Phys & Multi Scale Technol Inst, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. USA, Res Lab, Weapons & Mat Res Directorate, AMSRD,ARL,WM, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Lau, KC (reprint author), Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Phys & Multi Scale Technol Inst, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. EM pandey@mtu.edu RI Lau, Kah Chun/A-9348-2013; Pandey, Ravi/A-8759-2009 OI Lau, Kah Chun/0000-0002-4925-3397; NR 23 TC 26 Z9 27 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD MAY 22 PY 2006 VL 88 IS 21 AR 212111 DI 10.1063/1.2207570 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 046YK UT WOS:000237846800043 ER PT J AU O'Malley, PG AF O'Malley, PG TI Atherosclerosis imaging of asymptomatic individuals - Is the sales cart before the evidence horse? SO ARCHIVES OF INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID CORONARY-HEART-DISEASE; BEAM COMPUTED-TOMOGRAPHY; ARTERY CALCIUM SCORE; C-REACTIVE PROTEIN; RISK-FACTORS; CARDIOVASCULAR-DISEASE; EVENTS; ASSOCIATION; PREVENTION; STATEMENT C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Div Gen Internal Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP O'Malley, PG (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Div Gen Internal Med, 6900 Georgia Ave, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM patrick.omalley@na.amedd.army.mil NR 21 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610-0946 USA SN 0003-9926 J9 ARCH INTERN MED JI Arch. Intern. Med. PD MAY 22 PY 2006 VL 166 IS 10 BP 1065 EP 1068 DI 10.1001/archinte.166.10.1065 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 045CP UT WOS:000237720500002 PM 16717167 ER PT J AU Maeng, S Axe, L Tyson, TA Cote, P AF Maeng, S Axe, L Tyson, TA Cote, P TI Corrosion behaviour of electrodeposited and sputtered Cr coatings and sputtered Ta coatings with alpha and beta phases SO SURFACE & COATINGS TECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article DE tantalum coating; chromium coating; magnetron sputtering; electrochemical impedance spectroscopy; X-ray absorption spectroscopy; corrosion behaviour ID ACID-SOLUTIONS; TANTALUM; FILMS; CHROMIUM; STEEL; MECHANISM; WEAR AB The corrosion behaviour of alpha- and beta-Ta coatings was compared to that of Cr coatings produced by cylindrical magnetron sputtering as well as electrodeposition. For Ta coatings, the corrosion process was dominated by dissolution of the steel substrate through open pores, however, at the end of 5 days, coating degradation was not observed. In contrast, while open pores were not observed with the Cr coatings, the corrosion resistance decreased as a function of time under acidic conditions, as a result of the protective oxide dissolution. Initially, however, the sputtered Cr coating exhibited improved corrosion resistance over the electrodeposited one, potentially due to the surface structure of the oxide film. Both Cr coatings showed similar transpassive behaviour to that of pure Cr; the current density of the sputtered Cr coating was observed to be greater than that of the electrodeposited one in the transpassive region due to the extensive droplet-like defects. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 New Jersey Inst Technol, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Newark, NJ 07102 USA. New Jersey Inst Technol, Dept Phys, Newark, NJ 07102 USA. USA, Armament Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Benet Labs, Watervliet, NY 12189 USA. RP New Jersey Inst Technol, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Newark, NJ 07102 USA. EM smm8166@njit.edu NR 24 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 5 U2 10 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0257-8972 J9 SURF COAT TECH JI Surf. Coat. Technol. PD MAY 22 PY 2006 VL 200 IS 20-21 BP 5767 EP 5777 DI 10.1016/j.surfcoat.2005.08.129 PG 11 WC Materials Science, Coatings & Films; Physics, Applied SC Materials Science; Physics GA 040GS UT WOS:000237367600013 ER PT J AU Spik, K Shurtleff, A McElroy, AK Guttieri, MC Hooper, JW Schmaljohn, C AF Spik, K Shurtleff, A McElroy, AK Guttieri, MC Hooper, JW Schmaljohn, C TI Immunogenicity of combination DNA vaccines for Rift Valley fever virus, tick-borne encephalitis virus, Hantaan virus, and Crimean Congo hemorrhagic fever virus SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE DNA vaccine; multiagent vaccine; gene gun ID NEUTRALIZING ANTIBODY-RESPONSE; M-GENOME SEGMENT; CELLULAR-LOCALIZATION; EXPRESSION STRATEGY; SUCKLING MICE; NAKED DNA; VACCINATION; INFECTION; GENE; GLYCOPROTEINS AB DNA vaccines for Rift Valley fever virus (RVFV), Crimean Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV), tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV), and Hantaan virus (HTNV), were tested in mice alone or in various combinations. The bunyavirus vaccines (RVFV, CCHFV, and HTNV) expressed Gn and Gc genes, and the flavivirus vaccine (TBEV) expressed the preM and E genes. All vaccines were delivered by gene gun. The TBEV DNA vaccine and the RVFV DNA vaccine elicited similar levels of antibodies and protected mice from challenge when delivered alone or in combination with other DNAs. Although in general, the HTNV and CCHFV DNA vaccines were not very immunogenic in mice, there were no major differences in performance when given alone or in combination with the other vaccines. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Virol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Schmaljohn, C (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Virol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM connie.schmaljohn@amedd.army.mil OI Hooper, Jay/0000-0002-4475-0415 NR 43 TC 60 Z9 66 U1 1 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD MAY 22 PY 2006 VL 24 IS 21 BP 4657 EP 4666 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2005.08.034 PG 10 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 056JI UT WOS:000238518400038 PM 16174542 ER PT J AU Roeper, DF Chidambaram, D Clayton, CR Halada, GP Demaree, JD AF Roeper, DF Chidambaram, D Clayton, CR Halada, GP Demaree, JD TI Development of an environmentally friendly protective coating for the depleted uranium-0.75 wt% titanium alloy - Part III: Surface analysis of the coating SO ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA LA English DT Article DE uranium alloys; corrosion; molybdate coatings; XPS; RBS ID RAY PHOTOELECTRON-SPECTROSCOPY; MOLYBDENUM OXIDE; DISSOLUTION MECHANISM; XPS; OXIDATION; FILMS; DIOXIDE; CATALYSTS; SILICA; ESCA AB Molybdenum oxide-based conversion coatings have been formed on the surface of the depleted uranium-0.75 wt% titanium alloy using either concentrated nitric acid or fluorides for surface activation prior to coating formation. The acid-activated surface forms a coating that offers corrosion protection after a period of aging, when uranium species have migrated to the surface. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) revealed that the protective coating is primarily a polymolybdate bound to a uranyl ion. Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy (RBS) on the acid-activated coatings also shows uranium dioxide migrating to the surface. The fluoride-activated surface does not form a protective coating and there are no uranium species on the surface as indicated by XPS. The coating on the fluoride-activated samples has been found to contain a mixture of molybdenum oxides of which the main component is molybdenum trioxide and a minor component of an Mo(V) oxide. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. Brookhaven Natl Lab, Dept Environm Sci, Upton, NY 11973 USA. USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Roeper, DF (reprint author), SUNY Stony Brook, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. EM droeper@notes.cc.sunysb.edu RI Chidambaram, Dev/B-2967-2008 NR 55 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 8 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0013-4686 J9 ELECTROCHIM ACTA JI Electrochim. Acta PD MAY 20 PY 2006 VL 51 IS 19 BP 3895 EP 3903 DI 10.1016/j.electacta.2005.11.003 PG 9 WC Electrochemistry SC Electrochemistry GA 051AR UT WOS:000238133200005 ER PT J AU Brandt, HE AF Brandt, HE TI Quantum circuit for entangling probe SO INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MODERN PHYSICS B LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 9th International Conference on Squeezed States and Uncertainty Relations (ICSSUR 05) CY MAY 02-06, 2005 CL Besancon, FRANCE DE quantum cryptography; quantum entanglement; quantum computing ID CRYPTOGRAPHY AB The quantum circuit and design are given for an optimized entangling probe attacking the BB84 protocol of quantum key distribution and yielding maximum information to the probe. Probe photon polarization states become entangled with the signal states on their way between the legitimate transmitter and receiver. C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Brandt, HE (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM hbrandt@arl.army.mil NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD PI SINGAPORE PA 5 TOH TUCK LINK, SINGAPORE 596224, SINGAPORE SN 0217-9792 J9 INT J MOD PHYS B JI Int. J. Mod. Phys. B PD MAY 20 PY 2006 VL 20 IS 11-13 SI SI BP 1297 EP 1303 DI 10.1142/S0217979206033930 PN 1 PG 7 WC Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 047TM UT WOS:000237901600005 ER PT J AU Morrison, C Zanagnolo, V Ramirez, N Cohn, DE Kelbick, N Copeland, L Maxwell, LG Fowler, JM AF Morrison, C Zanagnolo, V Ramirez, N Cohn, DE Kelbick, N Copeland, L Maxwell, LG Fowler, JM TI HER-2 is an independent prognostic factor in endometrial cancer: Association with outcome in a large cohort of surgically staged patients SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 36th Annual Meeting of the Society-of-Gynecologic-Oncologists CY MAR 19-23, 2005 CL Miami Beach, FL SP Soc Gynecol Oncol ID SEROUS PAPILLARY CARCINOMA; IN-SITU HYBRIDIZATION; BREAST-CANCER; ONCOGENE AMPLIFICATION; OVEREXPRESSION; EXPRESSION; SURVIVAL; GENE; P53; ONCOPROTEIN AB Purpose To evaluate HER-2 expression and amplification complete surgical staging and outcome data. in a large cohort of endometrial cancer with Patients and Methods A tissue microarray was constructed of 483 patients with endometrial cancer of diverse histologic type and stage and tested for HER-2 expression and amplification using current standards of practice. There was outcome data for 83% of all patients and 81% with complete surgical staging. Results Both expression and amplification of HER-2 was associated with high-grade (P =.0001) and high stage (P =.0001) endometrial cancer. The highest rate of HER-2 expression and amplification was seen in serous carcinoma (43% and 29%), while grade 1 endometrioid adenocarcinoma showed the lowest levels (3% and 1%). For all histologic types, the rate of HER-2 expression and amplification was remarkably different (P <.0001) for grade 3 cancers (31% and 15%) versus grade 2 (7% and 3%) and grade 1 cancers (3% and 1 W, with similar results for endometrioid type (P<.0001). Both HER-2 expression and amplification correlated with disease-specific survival and progression-free survival in univariate analyses. By multivariate analysis HER-2 expression in the presence of amplification (P =.012) correlated with overall survival, but not expression in the absence of amplification. Overall survival was significantly shorter (P =.0001) in patients who overexpressed (median, 5.2 years) and/or showed amplification of HER-2 (median, 3.5 years) versus those that did not (median of all cases, 13 years). Conclusion Our results would suggest that HER-2 is an important oncogene in high grade and stage endometrial cancer, but plays only a minor role in the much more common low grade and stage tumors that encompass the majority of clinical practice. C1 Arthur James Canc Hosp, Ctr Biostat, Dept Pathol, Div Gynecol Oncol, Columbus, OH USA. Ohio State Univ, Sch Med, Richard Solove Res Inst, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Div Gynecol Oncol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Morrison, C (reprint author), Pathol Core Facil, 418-M SL 320 W 10th Ave, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. EM morrison4@medctr.osu.edu NR 27 TC 96 Z9 100 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC CLINICAL ONCOLOGY PI ALEXANDRIA PA 330 JOHN CARLYLE ST, STE 300, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 USA SN 0732-183X J9 J CLIN ONCOL JI J. Clin. Oncol. PD MAY 20 PY 2006 VL 24 IS 15 BP 2376 EP 2385 DI 10.1200/JCO.2005.03.4827 PG 10 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 046RK UT WOS:000237828500025 PM 16710036 ER PT J AU Brandt, HE AF Brandt, HE TI Alternative design for quantum cryptographic entangling probe SO JOURNAL OF MODERN OPTICS LA English DT Article AB An alternative design is given for an optimized quantum cryptographic entangling probe for attacking the BB84 protocol of quantum key distribution. The initial state of the probe has a simpler analytical dependence on the set error rate to be induced by the probe than in the earlier design. The new device yields the same maximum information to the probe for a full range of induced error rates. As in the earlier design, the probe contains a single CNOT gate which produces the optimum entanglement between the BB84 signal states and the correlated probe states. C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Brandt, HE (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM hbrandt@arl.army.mil NR 4 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0950-0340 J9 J MOD OPTIC JI J. Mod. Opt. PD MAY 20 PY 2006 VL 53 IS 8 BP 1041 EP 1045 DI 10.1080/09500340500448705 PG 5 WC Optics SC Optics GA 036IU UT WOS:000237065600002 ER PT J AU Taylor, DE Bunte, SW Runge, K AF Taylor, DE Bunte, SW Runge, K TI A pseudoatom approach to molecular truncation: Application in ab initio MBPT methods SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A LA English DT Article ID QUANTUM CAPPING POTENTIALS; MECHANICAL METHODS; HYBRID QM/MM; SIMULATIONS; SYSTEMS; SURFACE AB In this paper, we test the performance of the molecular truncation method of Mallik et al.,(1) which was originally applied at the semiempirical NDDO level, in ab initio MBPT methods. Pseudoatoms developed for the replacement of -OCH3 and -OCH2CH3 functional groups are used in optimizations of selected clusters, and the resulting geometries are compared to reference values taken from the full molecules. It is shown that the pseudoatoms, which consist of parametrized effective core potentials for the nearest neighbor interactions and an external charge field for long-range Coulomb effects, perform well at the MP2 and CCSD levels of theory for the suite of molecules to which they were applied. Representative timings for some of the pseudoatom-terminated clusters are presented, and it is seen that there is a significant reduction in computational time, yet the geometric configurations and deprotonation energies of the pseudoatom-terminated clusters are comparable to the more computationally expensive all-atom molecules. C1 USA, Res Lab, Propuls Sci Branch, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. Univ Florida, Dept Phys, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RP Taylor, DE (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Propuls Sci Branch, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. EM decarlos.taylor@us.army.mil; bunte@arl.army.mil NR 27 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1089-5639 J9 J PHYS CHEM A JI J. Phys. Chem. A PD MAY 18 PY 2006 VL 110 IS 19 BP 6279 EP 6284 DI 10.1021/jp055149h PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 042UI UT WOS:000237554800013 PM 16686463 ER PT J AU Vietri, NJ Purcell, BK Lawler, JV Leffel, EK Rico, P Gamble, CS Twenhafel, NA Ivins, BE Heine, HS Sheeler, R Wright, ME Friedlander, AM AF Vietri, NJ Purcell, BK Lawler, JV Leffel, EK Rico, P Gamble, CS Twenhafel, NA Ivins, BE Heine, HS Sheeler, R Wright, ME Friedlander, AM TI Short-course postexposure antibiotic prophylaxis combined with vaccination protects against experimental inhalational anthrax SO PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA LA English DT Article DE Bacillus anthracis; treatment; vaccine ID CIPROFLOXACIN; PATHOGENESIS; ANTIBODIES; EFFICACY; ANTIGEN AB Prevention of inhalational anthrax after Bacillus anthracis spore exposure requires a prolonged course of antibiotic prophylaxis. In response to the 2001 anthrax attack in the United States, approximate to 10,000 people were offered 60 days of antibiotic prophylaxis to prevent inhalational anthrax, but adherence to this regimen was poor. We sought to determine whether a short course of antibiotic prophylaxis after exposure could protect non-human primates from a high-dose spore challenge if vaccination was combined with antibiotics. Two groups of 10 rhesus macaques were exposed to approximate to 1,600 LD50 of spores by aerosol. Both groups were given ciprofloxacin by orogastric tube twice daily for 14 days, beginning 1-2 h after exposure. One group also received three doses of the licensed human anthrax vaccine (anthrax vaccine adsorbed) after exposure. In the ciprofloxacin-only group, four of nine monkeys (44%) survived the challenge. In contrast, all 10 monkeys that received 14 days of antibiotic plus anthrax vaccine adsorbed survived (P = 0.011). Thus postexposure vaccination enhanced the protection afforded by 14 days of antibiotic prophylaxis alone and completely protected animals against inhalational anthrax. These data provide evidence that postexposure vaccination can shorten the duration of antibiotic prophylaxis required to protect against inhalational anthrax and may impact public health management of a bioterrorism event. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Headquarters, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Bacteriol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Med, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Vet Med, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Pathol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ctr Aerobiol Sci, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. Bayer Pharmaceut Corp, West Haven, CT 06516 USA. NIAID, Biodefense Clin Res Branch, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Friedlander, AM (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Headquarters, 1425 Porter St, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM arthur.friedlander@amedd.army.mil OI Gamble, Christopher/0000-0002-2094-205X NR 16 TC 40 Z9 42 U1 1 U2 4 PU NATL ACAD SCIENCES PI WASHINGTON PA 2101 CONSTITUTION AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20418 USA SN 0027-8424 J9 P NATL ACAD SCI USA JI Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. PD MAY 16 PY 2006 VL 103 IS 20 BP 7813 EP 7816 DI 10.1073/pnas.0602748103 PG 4 WC Multidisciplinary Sciences SC Science & Technology - Other Topics GA 046UF UT WOS:000237835900051 PM 16672361 ER PT J AU William, LJ AF William, LJ TI Adrenal insufficiency and ventilator weaning: Additional study is required SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF RESPIRATORY AND CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Letter ID SEPTIC SHOCK; HYDROCORTISONE C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP William, LJ (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER THORACIC SOC PI NEW YORK PA 1740 BROADWAY, NEW YORK, NY 10019-4374 USA SN 1073-449X J9 AM J RESP CRIT CARE JI Am. J. Respir. Crit. Care Med. PD MAY 15 PY 2006 VL 173 IS 10 BP 1176 EP 1176 PG 1 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 042MD UT WOS:000237531200018 ER PT J AU Rybczynski, J Kempa, K Wang, Y Ren, ZF Carlson, JB Kimball, BR Benham, G AF Rybczynski, J. Kempa, K. Wang, Y. Ren, Z. F. Carlson, J. B. Kimball, B. R. Benham, G. TI Visible light diffraction studies on periodically aligned arrays of carbon nanotubes: Experimental and theoretical comparison SO APPLIED PHYSICS LETTERS LA English DT Article ID GROWTH AB We have investigated visible light diffraction on honeycomb arrays of aligned carbon nanotubes grown on nickel nanoparticles prepared using the nanosphere lithography. A monolayer of 980 nm polystyrene spheres was used as the mask for the deposition of nickel nanoparticles from which carbon nanotubes of 100 nm in diameter and up to a couple of microns in length were grown. We show that a standard theory of diffraction from point scatterers explains all the observed diffraction features including Bragg's law and the strong enhancement of the second and fifth order diffraction spots. (c) 2006 American Institute of Physics. C1 Boston Coll, Dept Phys, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467 USA. USA, Natick Soldier Ctr, Nanomat Sci Team, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Megawave Inc, Boylston, MA 01505 USA. RP Rybczynski, J (reprint author), Boston Coll, Dept Phys, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467 USA. EM rybczyns@bc.edu RI Ren, Zhifeng/B-4275-2014 NR 13 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 3 U2 10 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0003-6951 J9 APPL PHYS LETT JI Appl. Phys. Lett. PD MAY 15 PY 2006 VL 88 IS 20 AR 203122 DI 10.1063/1.2205165 PG 3 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 044ON UT WOS:000237682100085 ER PT J AU Merino, I Thompson, JD Millard, CB Schmidt, JJ Pang, YP AF Merino, I Thompson, JD Millard, CB Schmidt, JJ Pang, YP TI Bis-imidazoles as molecular probes for peripheral sites of the zinc endopeptidase of botulinum neurotoxin serotype A SO BIOORGANIC & MEDICINAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE food poisoning; bioterrorism; antidotes; protease; zinc protein simulations; structure-based drug design ID HIGHLY POTENT; INHIBITORS; ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE; DERIVATIVES; DESIGN; TOXIN; REQUIREMENTS; ENERGIES; PROTEINS; POISON AB Botulinum neurotoxin serotype A (BoNTA) is highly toxic, and its antidote is currently unavailable. The essential light-chain subunit of BoNTA is a zinc endopeptidase that can be used as a target for developing antidotes. However, the development of high-affinity, small-molecule inhibitors of the endopeptidase is as challenging as the development of small-molecule inhibitors of protein-protein complexation. This is because the polypeptide substrate wraps around the circumference of the endopeptidase upon binding, thereby constituting an unusually large substrate-enzyme interface of 4840 angstrom(2). To overcome the large-interface problem, we propose using the zinc-coordination and bivalence approaches to design inhibitors of BoNTA. Here we report the development of alkylene-linked bis-imidazoles that inhibit the endopeptidase in a two-site binding mode, The bis-imidazole tethered with 13 methylene groups, the most potent of the alkylene-linked dimers, showed 61% inhibition of the zinc endopeptidase of BoNTA at a concentration of 100 mu M. The results demonstrate the presence of a peripheral binding site for an imidazolium group at the rim of the BoNTA active-site cleft. This peripheral site enables the use of the bivalence approach to improve Our previously reported small-molecule inhibitors that were developed according to the zinc-coordination approach. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd All rights reserved. C1 Mayo Clin & Mayo Fdn, Coll Med, Comp Aided Mol Design Lab, Rochester, MN 55905 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Biochem, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Integrated Toxicol Div, Dept Cell Biol & Biochem, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Schmidt, JJ (reprint author), Mayo Clin & Mayo Fdn, Coll Med, Comp Aided Mol Design Lab, 200 1st St SW, Rochester, MN 55905 USA. EM james.schmidt@det.amedd.army.mil; pang@mayo.edu OI Pang, Yuan-Ping/0000-0003-0838-2560 FU NIAID NIH HHS [2R01AI054574-02] NR 41 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0968-0896 J9 BIOORGAN MED CHEM JI Bioorg. Med. Chem. PD MAY 15 PY 2006 VL 14 IS 10 BP 3583 EP 3591 DI 10.1016/j.bmc.2006.01.015 PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry, Organic SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Chemistry GA 034SX UT WOS:000236952000036 PM 16458011 ER PT J AU Wright, BS Rezk, PE Graham, JR Steele, KE Gordon, RK Sciuto, AM Nambiar, MP AF Wright, BS Rezk, PE Graham, JR Steele, KE Gordon, RK Sciuto, AM Nambiar, MP TI Acute lung injury following inhalation exposure to nerve agent VX in guinea pigs SO INHALATION TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HUMAN NEUROBLASTOMA-CELLS; NOSE-ONLY EXPOSURE; ORGANOPHOSPHORUS COMPOUNDS; BRONCHOALVEOLAR LAVAGE; TISSUE CHOLINESTERASE; SOMAN STEREOISOMERS; TOXICITY; WARFARE; TOXICOKINETICS; SARIN AB A microinstillation technique of inhalation exposure was utilized to assess lung injury following chemical warfare nerve agent VX [methylphosphonothioic acid S-(2-[bis(1-methylethyl) amino] ethyl)O-ethyl ester] exposure in guinea pigs. Animals were anesthetized using Telazol-meditomidine, gently intubated, and VX was aerosolized using a microcatheter placed 2 cm above the bifurcation of the trachea. Different doses (50.4 mu g/m(3), 70.4 mu g/m(3), 90.4 mu g/m(3)) of VX were administered at 40 pulses/min for 5 min. Dosing of VX was calculated by the volume of aerosol produced per 200 pulses and diluting the agent accordingly. Although the survival rate of animals exposed to different doses of VX was similar to the controls, nearly a 20% weight reduction was observed in exposed animals. After 24 h of recovery, the animals were euthanized and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) was performed with oxygen free saline. BAL was centrifuged and separated into BAL fluid (BALF) and BAL cells (BALC) and analyzed for indication of lung injury. The edema by dry/wet weight ratio of the accessory lobe increased 11% in VX-treated animals. BAL cell number was increased in VX-treated animals compared to controls, independent of dosage. Trypan blue viability assay indicated an increase in BAL cell death in 70.4 mu g/m(3) and 90.4 mu g/m(3) VX-exposed animals. Differential cell counting of BALC indicated a decrease in macrophage/ monocytes in VX-exposed animals. The total amount of BAL protein increased gradually with the exposed dose of VX and was highest in animals exposed to 90.4 mu g/m(3), indicating that this dose of VX caused lung injury that persisted at 24 h. In addition, histopathology results also suggest that inhalation exposure to VX induces acute lung injury. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Biochem, Dept Biochem Pharmacol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Pathol, Dept Immunohistochem, Silver Spring, MD USA. USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Med Toxicol Branch, Proving Ground, MD USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Biochem Pharmacol, Div Biochem, Silver Spring, MD USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Med, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Nambiar, MP (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Biochem, Dept Biochem Pharmacol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM Madhusoodana.nambiar@na.amedd.army.mil NR 47 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 5 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0895-8378 J9 INHAL TOXICOL JI Inhal. Toxicol. PD MAY 15 PY 2006 VL 18 IS 6 BP 437 EP 448 DI 10.1080/08958370600563847 PG 12 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 024MM UT WOS:000236199100004 PM 16556583 ER PT J AU Kovalskiy, A Vlcek, A Jain, H Fiserova, A Waits, CM Dubey, M AF Kovalskiy, A. Vlcek, A. Jain, H. Fiserova, A. Waits, C. M. Dubey, M. TI Development of chalcogenide glass photoresists for gray scale lithography SO JOURNAL OF NON-CRYSTALLINE SOLIDS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 17th University Conference on Glass Science CY JUN 26-30, 2005 CL Penn State Univ, University Pk, PA SP NSF Int Mat Inst HO Penn State Univ DE diffusion and transport; chalcogenides; laser-matter interactions; scanning electron microscope; photoinduced effects ID WAVE-GUIDE; PHOTOINDUCED DISSOLUTION; INORGANIC RESISTS; OPTICAL-ELEMENTS; THIN-FILMS; S SYSTEM; FABRICATION; LAYERS AB Wet and dry negative etching procedures are evaluated for the fabrication of 3D graded microstructures in As-S based inorganic photoresists. Absorption of light and consequent photostructural changes near the surface layer enhance the chemical resistance of the As-S films. The success of the procedure is demonstrated by fabricating arrays of 12 mu m diameter microlenses in a thin As35S65 film using a gray scale Cr mask and wet etching. The selectivity of dry etching is successfully realized by using photodiffusion in Ag-As2S3 bilayer structure. In this case, however, surface roughness or 'grass' is observed after etching. An unexpected segregation of silver is observed at the edges and at the boundary between the exposed and unexposed regions, which is investigated by SEM and XPS. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Lehigh Univ, Ctr Opt Technol, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA. Lehigh Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA. Univ Pardubice, Dept Gen & Inorgan Chem, Pardubice 53210, Czech Republic. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Jain, H (reprint author), Lehigh Univ, Ctr Opt Technol, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA. EM hjain@lehigh.edu RI Kovalskiy, Andriy/A-8566-2008; VLCEK, Miroslav/G-1673-2015 OI Kovalskiy, Andriy/0000-0002-5014-2467; NR 25 TC 33 Z9 33 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0022-3093 J9 J NON-CRYST SOLIDS JI J. Non-Cryst. Solids PD MAY 15 PY 2006 VL 352 IS 6-7 BP 589 EP 594 DI 10.1016/j.jnoncrysol.2005.11.046 PG 6 WC Materials Science, Ceramics; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 040TZ UT WOS:000237404700020 ER PT J AU Kauvar, DS Braswell, A Brown, BD Harnisch, M AF Kauvar, DS Braswell, A Brown, BD Harnisch, M TI Influence of resident and attending surgeon seniority on operative performance in laparoscopic cholecystectomy SO JOURNAL OF SURGICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the Association-Academic-Surgery CY FEB 07-11, 2005 CL San Diego, CA SP Assoc Acad Surg DE laparoscopic cholecystectomy; surgical education; complications; operative time ID LEARNING-CURVE; EXPERIENCE AB Background. Resident participation in laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) is important for education but increases the time of operation. This time cost in training programs is not well-defined, and available data show no decrease in operative time as residents progress in training. We undertook this study to determine the effect of the resident and attending surgeon seniority on the operative performance of LC. Patients and methods. We undertook a retrospective review of LCs performed for all indications over two academic years in our training program. Operations were performed by junior (PGY 1-3) or senior (PGY 4-5) residents, assisted by junior (trained after 1994) or senior attending surgeons, none of whom had fellowship training in advanced laparoscopy. Demographics, surgeon, assistant, operative time, and operative complications were recorded. Operative diagnoses were defined as noninflammatory (biliary colic, dyskinesia, or polyps) or inflammatory (cholecystitis, pancreatitis). The primary outcome was time in minutes from skin incision to closure; secondary outcomes were complications and conversions to laparotomy. ANOVA, Student's t-test, and chi(2) tests were used as appropriate with statistical significance attributed to P < 0.05. Results. Three hundred fifteen LCs were performed. Two hundred seventy were without conversion to laparotomy or intraoperative cholangiography and were included in time and complication analysis. Junior attendings averaged 4 and senior attendings averaged 21 postresidency years. No differences were found on univariate analysis between groups in demographics or diagnosis category. Operative times were longer for junior residents irrespective of attending seniority: Jr Res/Jr Staff (n = 65): 86 +/- 32 min; Jr/Sr (n = 78): 88 +/- 38 min; Sr/Jr (n = 52): 73 +/- 27 min; Sr/Sr (n = 75): 67 +/- 24 min (P < 0.05). The overall rate of operative complications was higher in junior than senior resident cases (5.6% versus 0.78%, P < 0.05). The most common complication was cystic duct leak, of which 4/5 occurred in junior resident cases. Senior attendings had a trend toward increased conversions (8.4% versus 3.7%, P = 0.09). Conclusion. Resident, but not attending surgeon, seniority influences operative time and complication rate in LC. This information may help surgical educators maximize both resident learning and operative efficiency and safety. (c) 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Gen Surg, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Kauvar, DS (reprint author), 3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM david.kauvar@amedd.army.mil NR 17 TC 72 Z9 73 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0022-4804 J9 J SURG RES JI J. Surg. Res. PD MAY 15 PY 2006 VL 132 IS 2 BP 159 EP 163 DI 10.1016/j.jss.2005.11.578 PG 5 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA 039VY UT WOS:000237337000003 PM 16412471 ER PT J AU Kauvar, DS Cancio, LC Wolf, SE Wade, CE Holcomb, JB AF Kauvar, DS Cancio, LC Wolf, SE Wade, CE Holcomb, JB TI Comparison of combat and non-combat burns from ongoing US military operations SO JOURNAL OF SURGICAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the Association-Academic-Surgery CY FEB 07-11, 2005 CL San Diego, CA SP Assoc Acad Surg DE burns; military trauma; prevention; epidemiology ID INJURIES; CASUALTIES; TRAUMA AB Background. Military burns result from either combat or non-combat causes. We compared these etiologies from patients involved in ongoing conflicts to evaluate their impact and provide prevention recommendations. Methods. All military patients with significant burns treated at the United States Army Institute of Surgical Research from April 2003 to May 2005 were reviewed. Injuries were categorized as having resulted from combat or non-combat causes. Demographics, burn severity and pattern, mortality, and early outcomes were compared. Results. There were 273 burn patients seen with 63% injured in combat. A high early rate of non-combat injuries was noted. Feedback on non-combat burn prevention was provided to the combat theater, and the incidence of non-combat burns decreased. Mean age and time from injury to admission did not differ. The majority of combat injuries resulted from explosive device detonation. Waste burning, ammunition handling, and gasoline caused most non-combat injuries. Combat casualties had more associated and inhalation injuries and greater full-thickness burn size; total body surface area burned was equivalent. The hands and the face were the most frequently burned body areas. Mortality was 5% in combat and 2% in non-combat patients. The majority of survivors in both groups returned to military duty. Conclusions. The disparity in full-thickness burn size and incidence of inhalation and associated injuries resulted from differing mechanisms of injury, with explosions and penetrating trauma more common in combat wounds. Despite the severity of combat burns, mortality was low and outcomes generally good. Non-combat burns are preventable and have decreased in incidence. (c) 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Kauvar, DS (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, MCHE SDG, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM david.kauvar@amedd.army.mil NR 17 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 1 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0022-4804 J9 J SURG RES JI J. Surg. Res. PD MAY 15 PY 2006 VL 132 IS 2 BP 195 EP 200 DI 10.1016/j.jss.2006.02.043 PG 6 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA 039VY UT WOS:000237337000008 PM 16580688 ER PT J AU Burgess, EB AF Burgess, EB TI The first men in: US paratroopers and the fight to save D-Day. SO LIBRARY JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review C1 USA, Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. RP Burgess, EB (reprint author), USA, Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BOWKER MAGAZINE GROUP CAHNERS MAGAZINE DIVISION PI NEW YORK PA 249 W 17TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0363-0277 J9 LIBR J JI Libr. J. PD MAY 15 PY 2006 VL 131 IS 9 BP 113 EP 113 PG 1 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA 048KD UT WOS:000237945100168 ER PT J AU Kuklo, TR Potter, BK Schroeder, TM O'Brien, MF AF Kuklo, TR Potter, BK Schroeder, TM O'Brien, MF TI Comparison of manual and digital measurements in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis SO SPINE LA English DT Article DE adolescent idiopathic scoliosis; manual measurement; digital measurement; reliability; variability; correlation; precision ID RELIABILITY-ANALYSIS; RADIOGRAPHS; INTRAOBSERVER; ROTATION AB Study Design. Comparison of manual and digital measurement of radiographic parameters in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS). Objective. To assess the reliability of digital measures as compared to manual measures in the evaluation of AIS. Summary of Background Data. Radiographic parameters are critical to the evaluation of patients with AIS, and are frequently used to monitor curve progression and guide treatment decisions. The reliability of many of the more common radiographic measures has only recently been elucidated for both manual and digital measures. However, a comparative analysis of manual versus digital measures has been performed only for coronal Cobb angles. The inter-technique reliability of these parameters will have increasing importance as digital radiographic viewing and analysis become commonplace. Methods. There were 2 independent, blinded observers that measured 30 complete sets of preoperative (posterior-anterior, lateral, and both side-bending) and postoperative (posterior-anterior and lateral) radiographs on 4 different occasions. For the first 2 iterations, manual measurements were taken using the same pencil and protractor. For the last 2 iterations, measurements of digitized radiographs were taken on a software measurement program (PhDx, Albuquerque, NM). Coronal measures included the main thoracic and thoracolumbar/lumbar standing and side-bending Cobb angles, apical vertebral translation, coronal balance, T1 tilt angle, lowest instrumented vertebrae angle, angulation of the disc inferior to the lowest instrumented vertebrae, apical Nash-Moe vertebral rotation, and Risser grade. Sagittal parameters included T2-T5 and T5-T12 regional thoracic kyphosis, T2-T12 thoracic kyphosis, T10-L2 thoracolumbar junction sagittal curvature, T12-S1 lumbar lordosis, and global sagittal balance. The technique-dependent measurement variability and the inter-technique ( manual vs. digital), intraobserver reliability were evaluated for each radiographic parameter ( within 3). Results. Digital measurement showed decreased intraobserver variability for many ( 9 of 15) of the radiographic parameters assessed. Likewise, digital measures indicated good or excellent correlation with the absolute values obtained with manual measurement for many ( 10 of 15) parameters. All but 1 of those parameters having moderate-to-poor correlation had been previously shown to have poor reliability, regardless of measurement technique. Statistically significant differences between measurement variability were noted for 6 measures, including 2 favoring digital and 4, manual. Significant differences in the absolute values were noted for 5 measures, determined at a difference of 3. However, the differences in both parameter variability and absolute values tended to be small and of little clinical significance for manual versus digital measurement. Conclusions. Digital measurement showed improved measurement precision and good correlation with manual measurements for the majority of AIS parameters. Absolute differences between manual and digital measurements were generally small. Therefore, digital measures are acceptable as a valid technique for scoliosis evaluation. The importance of digital versus manual measurement reliability will increase as digital radiographic viewing becomes more prevalent. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Orthopaed & Rehabil, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Miami Childrens Hosp, Dept Orthopaed Surg, Miami, FL USA. RP Schroeder, TM (reprint author), 1314 Richmond Grand Ave, Orlando, FL 32820 USA. EM Teresa@humanframeworks.net NR 16 TC 49 Z9 56 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0362-2436 J9 SPINE JI SPINE PD MAY 15 PY 2006 VL 31 IS 11 BP 1240 EP 1246 DI 10.1097/01.brs.0000217774.13433.a7 PG 7 WC Clinical Neurology; Orthopedics SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Orthopedics GA 041PY UT WOS:000237469400010 PM 16688038 ER PT J AU McQuaid, MJ Ishikawa, Y AF McQuaid, MJ Ishikawa, Y TI H-atom abstraction from CH3NHNH2 by NO2: CCSD(T)/6-311++G(3df,2p)//MPWB1K/6-31+G(d,p) and CCSD(T)/6-311+G(2df,p)//CCSD/6-31+G(d,p) calculations SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A LA English DT Article ID QUADRATIC CONFIGURATION-INTERACTION; COUPLED-CLUSTER SINGLES; BASIS-SET; ELECTRON CORRELATION; 1ST-ROW ELEMENTS; MP2 ENERGY; DENSITY; THERMOCHEMISTRY; MODEL; GRADIENT AB Stationary points of paths for H atom abstraction from CH3NHNH2 (monomethylhydrazine) by NO2 were characterized via CCSD(T)/6-311++G(3df,2p)//MPWB1K/6-31+G(d,p) and CCSD(T)/6-311+G(2df,p)// CCSD/6-31+G(d,p) calculations. Five transition states connecting CH3NHNH2-NO2 complexes to a manifold that includes CH3NHNH-HONO, CH3NNH2-HONO, CH3NNH2-HNO2, and CH3NHNH-HNO2 complexes were identified. Transition states that connect CH3NHNH-HONO, CH3NNH2-HONO, CH3NNH2-HNO2, and CH3NHNH-HNO2 complexes to each other via H atom exchange and/or hindered internal rotation were also identified. The high point in the minimum energy path from the CH3NHNH2 + NO2 reactant asymptote to the manifold of HONO-containing product states is a transition state 8.6 kcal/mol above the reactant asymptote. From a kinetics standpoint, this value is considerably higher than the 5.9 kcal/mol value that was estimated for it based on theoretical results for H atom abstraction from NH3 by NO2. C1 USA, Res Lab, AMSRD, ARL,WM,BD, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. Univ Puerto Rico, Dept Chem, Rio Piedras, PR 00931 USA. RP McQuaid, MJ (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, AMSRD, ARL,WM,BD, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. EM mcquaid@arl.army.mil NR 37 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 10 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1089-5639 J9 J PHYS CHEM A JI J. Phys. Chem. A PD MAY 11 PY 2006 VL 110 IS 18 BP 6129 EP 6138 DI 10.1021/jp060210j PG 10 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 042UG UT WOS:000237554600023 PM 16671684 ER PT J AU Walsh, DS Gettayacamin, M Leitner, WW Lyon, JA Stewart, VA Marit, G Pichyangkul, S Gosi, P Tongtawe, P Kester, KE Holland, CA Kolodny, N Cohen, J Voss, G Ballou, WR Heppner, DG AF Walsh, DS Gettayacamin, M Leitner, WW Lyon, JA Stewart, VA Marit, G Pichyangkul, S Gosi, P Tongtawe, P Kester, KE Holland, CA Kolodny, N Cohen, J Voss, G Ballou, WR Heppner, DG TI Heterologous prime-boost immunization in rhesus macaques by two, optimally spaced particle-mediated epidermal deliveries of Plasmodium falciparum circumsporozoite protein-encoding DNA, followed by intramuscular RTS,S/AS02A SO VACCINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 54th Annual Meeting of the American-Society-for-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene CY 2005 CL Washington, DC SP Amer Soc Trop Med Hyg DE malaria; DNA vaccine; circumsporozoite protein; recombinant protein; RTS,S; AS02A; prime-boost ID CD8(+) T-CELL; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; HUMORAL IMMUNE-RESPONSES; VACCINIA VIRUS ANKARA; MALARIA VACCINE; ANTIBODY-RESPONSES; NONHUMAN-PRIMATES; SEQUENTIAL IMMUNIZATION; RECOMBINANT ADENOVIRUS; PROTECTIVE EFFICACY AB Background: RTS,S/AS02A, a recombinant Plasmodium falciparum vaccine based on the circumsporozoite protein (CSP) repeat and C-terminus regions, elicits strong humoral and Th1 cell-mediated immunity. In field studies, RTS,S/AS02A reduced malaria infection, clinical episodes, and disease severity. Heterologous prime-boost immunization regimens, optimally spaced, might improve the protective immunity of RTS,S/AS02A. Methods: DNA plasmid encoding P. falciparum CSP (3D7) was administered to six experimental groups of rhesus monkeys (N=5) by gene gun (coded as D), followed by a 1/5th human dose of RTS,S/AS02A (coded as R). Immunization regimens, including a numeral to denote weeks between immunizations, were D-4-R, D-16-R, D-4-D-4-R, D-4-D-16-R, D-16-D-4-R and D-16-D-16-R. A control group (N=5) received a single 1/5th dose of RTS,S/AS02A. Endpoints were antibody (Ab) to homologous CSP repeat and C-terminus regions and delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) to CSP peptides. Findings: Monkeys immunized twice with DNA, 16 weeks apart (D-16-D-4-R and D-16-D-16-R), developed higher levels of anti-C-terminus Abs than control monkeys (p < 0.02). No CSP DNA priming regimen increased RTS,S/AS02A-induced Ab to CSP repeats. At 16 months after first immunization, D-R and D-D-R, but not control, monkeys had histologically confirmed DTH reactions against CSP C-terminus, which persisted at repeat testing 12 months later. Interpretation: Two optimally spaced, particle-mediated epidermal deliveries of CSP DNA improved the humoral immunogenicity of a single dose of RTS,S/AS02A. Further, CSP DNA prime followed by one dose of RTS,S/AS02A gave biopsy proven DTH reactions against CSP C-terminus of up to 2 years duration, implying the induction of CD4+ memory T cells. Heterologous prime-boost strategies for malaria involving gene gun delivered DNA or more potent vectors, administered at optimal intervals, warrant further investigation. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 USA Med Component, Dept Immunol & Med, AFRIMS, Bangkok, Thailand. USA Med Component, Dept Vet Med, AFRIMS, Bangkok, Thailand. NCI, Dermatol Branch, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Immunol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. GlaxoSmithKline Inc, Rixensart, Belgium. RP Walsh, DS (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Clin Trials, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM douglas.walsh@na.amedd.army.mil RI Kester, Kent/A-2114-2011; Holland, Carolyn/B-7880-2011; Leitner, Wolfgang/F-5741-2011 OI Kester, Kent/0000-0002-5056-0802; Leitner, Wolfgang/0000-0003-3125-5922 NR 61 TC 16 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD MAY 8 PY 2006 VL 24 IS 19 BP 4167 EP 4178 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2006.02.041 PG 12 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 049KX UT WOS:000238016200017 PM 16574282 ER PT J AU Lausted, CG Johnson, AT Scott, WH Johnson, MM Coyne, KM Coursey, DC AF Lausted, Christopher G. Johnson, Arthur T. Scott, William H. Johnson, Monique M. Coyne, Karen M. Coursey, Derya C. TI Maximum static inspiratory and expiratory pressures with different lung volumes SO BIOMEDICAL ENGINEERING ONLINE LA English DT Article AB Background: Maximum pressures developed by the respiratory muscles can indicate the health of the respiratory system, help to determine maximum respiratory flow rates, and contribute to respiratory power development. Past measurements of maximum pressures have been found to be inadequate for inclusion in some exercise models involving respiration. Methods: Maximum inspiratory and expiratory airway pressures were measured over a range of lung volumes in 29 female and 19 male adults. A commercial bell spirometry system was programmed to occlude airflow at nine target lung volumes ranging from 10% to 90% of vital capacity. Results: In women, maximum expiratory pressure increased with volume from 39 to 61 cmH(2)O and maximum inspiratory pressure decreased with volume from 66 to 28 cmH(2)O. In men, maximum expiratory pressure increased with volume from 63 to 97 cmH(2)O and maximum inspiratory pressure decreased with volume from 97 to 39 cmH(2)O. Equations describing pressures for both sexes are: P-e/P-max = 0.1426 Ln( % VC) + 0.3402 R-2 = 0.95 P-i/P-max = 0.234 Ln( 100 - % VC) - 0.0828 R-2 = 0.96 Conclusion: These results were found to be consistent with values and trends obtained by other authors. Regression equations may be suitable for respiratory mechanics models. C1 Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Inst Syst Biol, Seattle, WA 98103 USA. GE Healthcare Technol, Waukesha, WI 53188 USA. USA, Edgewood CB Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Johnson, AT (reprint author), Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM clausted@systemsbiology.org; artjohns@umd.edu; enduranc@umd.edu; monique.marquardt@med.ge.com; karen.coyne@us.army.mil; derya@mail.umd.edu NR 8 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 1 U2 2 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA MIDDLESEX HOUSE, 34-42 CLEVELAND ST, LONDON W1T 4LB, ENGLAND SN 1475-925X J9 BIOMED ENG ONLINE JI Biomed. Eng. Online PD MAY 5 PY 2006 VL 5 AR 29 DI 10.1186/1475-925X-5-29 PG 6 WC Engineering, Biomedical SC Engineering GA 107YI UT WOS:000242206500001 PM 16677384 ER PT J AU Kimt, SC Sandman, D Kumar, J Bruno, FF Samuelson, LA AF Kimt, SC Sandman, D Kumar, J Bruno, FF Samuelson, LA TI Self-doped polyaniline/poly(diallyldimethyl ammonium chloride) complex: N-type doping with high stability SO CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID CONDUCTING POLYANILINE; CONJUGATED POLYMERS; ENZYMATIC-SYNTHESIS; POLYMERIZATION; TEMPLATE; EXCHANGE; REDOX; WATER C1 Univ Massachusetts, Ctr Adv Mat, Polymer Sci Program, Dept Chem, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. Univ Massachusetts, Ctr Adv Mat, Polymer Sci Program, Dept Phys, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. USA, RDECOM, Natick Soldier Ctr, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Kumar, J (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Ctr Adv Mat, Polymer Sci Program, Dept Chem, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. EM jayant_kumar@uml.edu; lynne_samuelson@natick.army.mil NR 27 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 8 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0897-4756 J9 CHEM MATER JI Chem. Mat. PD MAY 2 PY 2006 VL 18 IS 9 BP 2201 EP 2204 DI 10.1021/cm052206a PG 4 WC Chemistry, Physical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Materials Science GA 040OQ UT WOS:000237389700001 ER PT J AU Lee, JC Atwood, JE Lee, HJ Cassimatis, DC AF Lee, JC Atwood, JE Lee, HJ Cassimatis, DC TI Association of pulsus paradoxus with obesity in normal volunteers SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY LA English DT Letter C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Lee, JC (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM joseph.c.lee@us.army.mil NR 5 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0735-1097 J9 J AM COLL CARDIOL JI J. Am. Coll. Cardiol. PD MAY 2 PY 2006 VL 47 IS 9 BP 1907 EP 1909 DI 10.1016/j.jacc.2006.02.019 PG 3 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 038PS UT WOS:000237235500024 PM 16682321 ER PT J AU Farthing, MW Kees, CE Russell, TF Miller, CT AF Farthing, MW Kees, CE Russell, TF Miller, CT TI An ELLAM approximation for advective-dispersive transport with nonlinear sorption SO ADVANCES IN WATER RESOURCES LA English DT Article DE ELLAM; porous media; freundlich; contaminant transport ID LOCALIZED ADJOINT METHOD; FRONT TRACKING METHOD; BINARY ION-EXCHANGE; CONTAMINANT TRANSPORT; FINITE-VOLUME; POROUS-MEDIA; PARTICLE TRACKING; TRAVELING WAVES; NONEQUILIBRIUM ADSORPTION; DIFFUSION EQUATIONS AB We consider an Eulerian-Lagrangian localized adjoint method (ELLAM) applied to nonlinear model equations governing solute transport and sorption in porous media. Solute transport in the aqueous phase is modeled by standard advection and hydrodynamic dispersion processes, while sorption is modeled with a nonlinear local-equilibrium model. We present our implementation of finite volume ELLAM (FV-ELLAM) and finite element (FE-ELLAM) discretizations to the reactive transport model and evaluate their performance for several test problems containing self-sharpening fronts. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ N Carolina, Dept Environm Sci & Engn, Ctr Integrated Study Environm, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. USA, Engn Res & Dev Ctr, Coastal & Hydraul Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. Univ Colorado, Dept Math, Denver, CO 80217 USA. RP Farthing, MW (reprint author), Univ N Carolina, Dept Environm Sci & Engn, Ctr Integrated Study Environm, Chapel Hill, NC 27599 USA. EM matthew_farthing@unc.edu; christopher.e.kees@erdc.usace.army.mil; trussell@nsf.gov; casey_miller@unc.edu RI Miller, Cass T./I-6613-2012 OI Miller, Cass T./0000-0001-6082-9273 NR 45 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0309-1708 J9 ADV WATER RESOUR JI Adv. Water Resour. PD MAY PY 2006 VL 29 IS 5 BP 657 EP 675 DI 10.1016/j.advwatres.2005.07.001 PG 19 WC Water Resources SC Water Resources GA 030LR UT WOS:000236636600002 ER PT J AU Zarandia, M Tsertsvadze, T Carr, JK Nadai, Y Sanchez, JL Nelson, K AF Zarandia, M Tsertsvadze, T Carr, JK Nadai, Y Sanchez, JL Nelson, K TI HIV-1 genetic diversity and genotypic drug susceptibility in the Republic of Georgia SO AIDS RESEARCH AND HUMAN RETROVIRUSES LA English DT Article ID SUBTYPE; TYPE-1; RECOMBINANT; EPIDEMIC; PROTEASE; IDENTIFICATION; USERS AB The genetic diversity and genotypic drug susceptibility of HIV-1 strains circulating in the Republic of Georgia, formerly part of the Soviet Union, were investigated for first time. Forty-eight HIV-positive drug-naive Georgian individuals contributed PBMC DNA between 1998 and 2003. On the basis of phylogenetic analyses of partial pol sequences, the predominant HIV-1 genetic forms were subtype A (70%), followed by subtype B (26%); both genetic forms were carried by injecting drug users and heterosexuals. There was also one subtype C (2%) and one CRF18_cpx (2%). The Georgian subtype A strains clustered with subtype A from Russia, designated A(FSU). Twelve of the subtype A strains (25%) contained the secondary protease inhibitor mutation V77I and 9 also had two other silent mutations. This "V77I haplotype" marks one particular genetic lineage of the epidemic in the former Soviet Union. Two strains (4%) carried antiretroviral (ARV) drug resistance mutations. Nearly full-length genome sequences of five Georgian strains were also completed. Two, 98GEMZ011 (subtype A) and 98GEMZ003 (subtype B), closely resembled the parental strains that recombined to create CRF03_AB. The use of these parental strains in the analysis revealed an additional segment of subtype A in CRF03_AB. Thus, the HIV-1 epidemic in Georgia was composed of a mixture of subtype AFSU and subtype B. C1 Georgian Infect Dis, AIDS & Clin Immunol Res Ctr, GE-38600 Tbilisi, Rep of Georgia. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. Henry M Jackson Fdn, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. Johns Hopkins Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Baltimore, MD 20205 USA. RP Carr, JK (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Inst Biotechnol, Inst Human Virol, 725 W Lombard St, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. EM carrj@umbi.umd.edu FU FIC NIH HHS [2 D 43 TW000010-17] NR 22 TC 26 Z9 28 U1 0 U2 1 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 0889-2229 J9 AIDS RES HUM RETROV JI Aids Res. Hum. Retrovir. PD MAY PY 2006 VL 22 IS 5 BP 470 EP 476 DI 10.1089/aid.2006.22.470 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Virology GA 049MZ UT WOS:000238022000014 PM 16706626 ER PT J AU Coyle, LC Rodriguez, A Jeschke, RE Simon-Lee, A Abbott, KC Taylor, AJ AF Coyle, LC Rodriguez, A Jeschke, RE Simon-Lee, A Abbott, KC Taylor, AJ TI Acetylcysteine in diabetes (AID): A randomized study of acetylcysteine for the prevention of constrast nephropathy in diabetics SO AMERICAN HEART JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID CONTRAST NEPHROPATHY; RENAL DYSFUNCTION; N-ACETYLCYSTEINE; RISK-FACTORS; METAANALYSIS; INTERVENTION; ANGIOGRAPHY; TRIALS AB Background Patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) are at increased risk of contrast-associated nephroparthy irrespective of their baseline creatinine (Cr). We tested the efficacy of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) relative to hydration in unselected patients (irrespective of baseline Cr) with DM. Methods We conducted a randomized open-label study comparing hydration alone (combined oral and rapid intravenous hydration, n = 69) to NAC plus hydration (similar hydration protocol plus NAC 600 mg BID x 4 doses, n = 68) in diabetic patients (mean age 65 10 years, 65% men) undergoing elective coronary angiography. The primary end point was the mean change in serum Cr measured up to 96 hours postangiography. Results Baseline Cr was 1.14 +/- 0.43 mg/dL (Cr >= 1.3 mg/dL in 37 subjects). Baseline characteristics including blood urea nitrogen, Cr, and contrast volume were similar between the 2 groups. The mean Cr change in the NAC group was 0.14 +/- 0.47 versus 0.08 +/- 0.11 mg/dL in the hydration only group (P = NS). Contrast-associated nephropathy, defined as a : >= 0.5 mg/dL increase in Cr, was significantly more common in the NAC group, 9.2% versus 1.4%, P = .041 Similar results were found in the subgroup of participants with either an increased baseline serum Cr ( 1.3 mg/dL) or in those receiving high contrast volumes (> 100 ml.). Conclusions N-Acetylcysteine provides no benefit over an aggressive hydration protocol in patients with DM undergoing coronary angiography. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Cardiol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Taylor, AJ (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Cardiol, 6900 Georgia Ave,NW,Bldg 2,Room 3L28, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM allen.taylor@na.amedd.army.mil NR 15 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0002-8703 J9 AM HEART J JI Am. Heart J. PD MAY PY 2006 VL 151 IS 5 AR e12 DI 10.1016/j.ahj.2006.02.002 PG 7 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 043YF UT WOS:000237638200023 ER PT J AU Hoyt, RW Opstad, PK Haugen, AH DeLany, JP Cymerman, A Friedl, KE AF Hoyt, Reed W. Opstad, Per Kristian Haugen, Ann-Helen DeLany, James P. Cymerman, Allen Friedl, Karl E. TI Negative energy balance in male and female rangers: effects of 7 d of sustained exercise and food deprivation SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL NUTRITION LA English DT Article DE starvation; sustained exercise; body composition; sex; water intake; military rangers; Norway ID PROLONGED PHYSICAL STRESS; LABELED WATER MEASUREMENT; SLEEP-DEPRIVATION; YOUNG MEN; GENDER DIFFERENCES; BODY-COMPOSITION; EXPENDITURE; FAT; DEFICIENCY; HUMANS AB Background: A challenging 7-d ranger field exercise (FEX) by cadets in the Norwegian Military Academy provided a venue in which to study the effects of negative energy balance. Objective: We quantified total energy expenditure (TEE), food intake, and changes in body composition in male and female cadets. Design: TEE (measured by doubly labeled water), food intake, activity patterns (measured by accelerometry), and body composition (measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry) were measured in 16 cadets (10 men and 6 women aged 21-27 y). Results: The physically active (approximate to 23 h/d) and semistarved (0.2-2.2 MJ/d) cadets lost weight ((x) over bar +/- SD: men, -7.7 +/- 1.1 kg; women, -5.9 +/- 1.1 kg; P < 0.05). Absolute TEE differed by sex (men, 26.6 +/- 2.0 MJ/d; women, 21.9 +/- 2.0 MJ/d; P < 0.05) but body weight-specific TEE did not (men, 343 +/- 26kJ(.)kg(-1.)d(-1);women, 354 +/- 18 kJ (.) kg(-1 .) d(-1); NS). Fat-free mass (FFM) loss differed significantly by sex (men, -4.0 +/- 1.2 kg; women, -2.5 +/- 1.1 kg; P < 0.05), but percentage FFM loss did not (men, -6.3 +/- 1.9%; women, -5.6 +/- 2.4%). In contrast, absolute FM loss did not differ significantly by sex (men, -3.45 +/- 0.72 kg; women, -3.42 +/- 0.22 kg), but fat oxidation (men, 5.2 +/- 1.0 mg (.) min(-1 .) kg FFM(-1); women, 7.3 +/- 0.5 mg (.) min(-1 .) kg FFM(-1)) and the relative contribution of FM to TEE (men, 74 +/- 14%; women, 89 +/- 6%) were significantly greater in women than in men (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Female cadets maintained a significantly more fat-predominant fuel metabolism than did male cadets in response to sustained exercise and semistarvation. C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, MCMR, BMD, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Norwegian Def Res Estab, N-2007 Kjeller, Norway. Pennington Biomed Res Ctr, Baton Rouge, LA USA. RP Hoyt, RW (reprint author), USA, Environm Med Res Inst, MCMR, BMD, Natick, MA 01760 USA. EM reed.hoyt@us.army.mil OI Friedl, Karl/0000-0002-3134-8427 NR 55 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC CLINICAL NUTRITION PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, SUBSCRIPTIONS, RM L-3300, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3998 USA SN 0002-9165 J9 AM J CLIN NUTR JI Am. J. Clin. Nutr. PD MAY PY 2006 VL 83 IS 5 BP 1068 EP 1075 PG 8 WC Nutrition & Dietetics SC Nutrition & Dietetics GA 044MT UT WOS:000237677300011 PM 16685048 ER PT J AU Marin, R Cyhan, T Miklos, W AF Marin, R Cyhan, T Miklos, W TI Sleep disturbance in patients with chronic low back pain SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL MEDICINE & REHABILITATION LA English DT Article DE sleep; pain management; chronic low back pain ID QUALITY INDEX; QUESTIONNAIRE; TRIAL; DISORDERS; VALIDITY AB Objective: To document the relationship between sleep disturbance and chronic low back pain in patients referred to a physical medicine and rehabilitation clinic. Design: This is a prospective cross-sectional survey of 268 patients 18 yrs or older being evaluated for low back pain of greater than 6 months at a tertiary medical center. The survey consisted of a 43-item composite form that contained the Short-Form McGill Pain Questionnaire (SF-MPQ); the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI); a pain visual analog scale (VAS); and questions regarding bed type, sleep position, and patients' sleep description. Results: There was a significant relationship between pain and sleep (P < 0.0005) with a 55% increase in the proportion of subjects reporting restless/light sleep after pain onset. There was no corresponding increase in sleep medication use. There was a significant direct correlation between SF-MPQ and PSQI (r = 0.44, P < 0.0005); between PSQI and VAS (r = 0.41, P < 0.0005); and between overall quality of sleep and VAS (r = 0.31, P < 0.0005). Finally, PSQI scores were the worst in subjects sleeping on an orthopedic mattress (P = 0.001). Conclusions: Chronic low back pain significantly affects quality of sleep. Sleep problems should be addressed as an integral part of the pain management plan. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Orthopaed & Rehabil, Phys Med & Rehabil Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Marin, R (reprint author), 20009 Manor View Terrace, Laytonville, MD 20307 USA. NR 26 TC 64 Z9 66 U1 0 U2 7 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0894-9115 J9 AM J PHYS MED REHAB JI Am. J. Phys. Med. Rehabil. PD MAY PY 2006 VL 85 IS 5 BP 430 EP 435 DI 10.1097/01.phm.0000214259.06380.79 PG 6 WC Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences SC Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences GA 037QG UT WOS:000237161300003 PM 16628150 ER PT J AU Sattabongkot, J Yimamnuaychoke, N Leelaudomlipi, S Rasameesoraj, M Jenwithisuk, R Coleman, RE Udomsangpetch, RE Cui, LW Brewer, TG AF Sattabongkot, J Yimamnuaychoke, N Leelaudomlipi, S Rasameesoraj, M Jenwithisuk, R Coleman, RE Udomsangpetch, RE Cui, LW Brewer, TG TI Establishment of a human hepatocyte line that supports in vitro development of the exo-erythrocytic stages of the Malaria parasites Plasmodium falciparum and P. vivax SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID EXOERYTHROCYTIC STAGE; INVITRO CULTURE; BERGHEI SPOROZOITES; MONKEY HEPATOCYTES; HEPATIC STAGES; KUPFFER CELLS; LIVER; CULTIVATION; TRANSFORMATION; INFECTION AB Our understanding of the biology of malaria parasite liver stages is limited because of the lack of efficient in vitro systems that support the exo-erythrocytic (EE) development of the parasite. We report the development of a new hepatocyte line (HC-04) from normal human liver cells. The HC-04 cells have proliferated in hormone-free medium for more than 200 passages. The cells were hyperdiploid, resembled liver parenchymal cells, and synthesized major liver-specific proteins and enzymes. Using Plasmodium falciparum and P. vivax sporozoites harvested from salivary glands of infected mosquitoes, we showed that HC-04 cells supported the complete EE development of these two most prevalent human malaria parasites. The EE parasites attained full maturation as shown by their infectivity to human erythrocytes. The infection rates of the liver cells were estimated to be 0.066% and 0.041% for P. falciparum and P. vivax, respectively. As the first human hepatocyte line known to support complete EE development of both P. falciparum and P. vivax, HC-04 will provide an experimental model that can be used for studying the biology of liver stage malaria parasites. C1 Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Dept Entomol, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Dept Immunol & Med, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. Mahidol Univ, Dept Surg, Ramathibodi Hosp, Bangkok 10700, Thailand. Mahidol Univ, Dept Pathobiol, Bangkok 10700, Thailand. Penn State Univ, Dept Entomol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Sattabongkot, J (reprint author), Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Dept Entomol, 315-6 Rajvithi Rd, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. EM JetsumonP@afrims.org; luc2@psu.edu FU FIC NIH HHS [1D43 TW000657] NR 44 TC 80 Z9 82 U1 1 U2 5 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD MAY PY 2006 VL 74 IS 5 BP 708 EP 715 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 041GA UT WOS:000237441100004 PM 16687667 ER PT J AU Conn, JE Vineis, JH Bollback, JP Onyabe, DY AF Conn, Jan E. Vineis, Joseph H. Bollback, Jonathan P. Onyabe, David Y. TI Population structure of the malaria vector Anopheles darlingi in a malaria-endemic region of eastern Amazonian Brazil SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID GENETIC DIFFERENTIATION; PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM; SOUTH-AMERICA; MICROSATELLITE LOCI; WEST-AFRICA; MITOCHONDRIAL-DNA; DIRUS MOSQUITOS; F-STATISTICS; SAO-TOME; GAMBIAE AB Anopheles darlingi is the primary malaria vector in Latin America, and is especially important in Amazonian Brazil. Historically, control efforts have been focused on indoor house spraying using a variety of insecticides, but since the mid-1990s there has been a shift to patient treatment and focal insecticide fogging. Anopheles darlingi was believed to have been significantly reduced in a gold-mining community, Peixoto de Azevedo (in Mato Grosso State), in the early 1990s by insecticide use during a severe malaria epidemic. In contrast, although An. darlingi was eradicated from some districts of the city of Belem (the capital of Para State) in 1968 to reduce malaria, populations around the water protection area in the eastern district were treated only briefly. To investigate the population structure of An. darlingi including evidence for a population bottleneck in Peixoto, we analyzed eight microsatellite loci of 256 individuals from seven locations in Brazil: three in Amapa State, three in Para State, and one in Mato Grosso State. Allelic diversity and mean expected heterozygosity were high for all populations (mean number alleles/locus and H(E) were 13.5 and 0.834, respectively) and did not differ significantly between locations. Significant heterozygote deficits were associated with linkage disequilibrium, most likely due to either the Wahlund effect or selection. We found no evidence for a population bottleneck in Peixoto, possibly because the reduction was not extreme enough to be detected. Overall estimates of long-term N(e) varied from 92.4 individuals under the linkage disequilibrium model to infinity under the heterozygote excess model. Fixation indices and analysis of molecular variance demonstrated significant differentiation between locations north and south of the Amazon River, suggesting a degree of genetic isolation between them, attributed to isolation by distance. C1 New York State Dept Hlth, Wadsworth Ctr, Albany, NY USA. Univ Vermont, Dept Biol, Burlington, VT USA. Univ Copenhagen, Ctr Bioinformat, Copenhagen, Denmark. Aeras Global TB Vaccine Fdn, Rockville, MD USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Museum Support Ctr, Smithsonian Inst, Suitland, MD USA. Inst Evandro Chagas, Ananindeua, Para, Brazil. RP Conn, JE (reprint author), New York State Dept Hlth, Wadsworth Ct, Griffin Lab, 5668 State Farm Rd, Slingerlands, NY 12159 USA. EM jconn@wadsworth.org OI Conn, Jan/0000-0002-5301-7020 FU NIAID NIH HHS [R01 AI054139, AI R2940116, AI R0154139] NR 83 TC 28 Z9 30 U1 1 U2 2 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD MAY PY 2006 VL 74 IS 5 BP 798 EP 806 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 041GA UT WOS:000237441100020 PM 16687683 ER PT J AU McMillan, NJ McManus, CE Harmon, RS De Lucia, FC Miziolek, AW AF McMillan, NJ McManus, CE Harmon, RS De Lucia, FC Miziolek, AW TI Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy analysis of complex silicate minerals-beryl SO ANALYTICAL AND BIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd Euro-Mediterranean Symposium on Laser Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy CY SEP 06-09, 2005 CL Aachen, GERMANY DE laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy; LIBS; beryl; gem ID PLASMA SPECTROSCOPY; ELEMENTAL ANALYSIS; CRYSTAL-CHEMISTRY; HEAVY-METALS; IDENTIFICATION; SOILS; LIBS AB Beryl (Be3Al2Si6O18) is a chemically complex and highly compositionally variable gem-forming mineral found in a variety of geologic settings worldwide. A methodology and analytical protocol were developed for the analysis of beryl by laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) that minimizes the coefficient of variance for multiple analyses of the same specimen. The parameters considered were laser energy/pulse, time delay and crystallographic orientation. Optimal analytical conditions are a laser energy/pulse of 102 mJ and a time delay of 2 mu s. Beryl compositions measured parallel and perpendicular to the c axis were identical within analytical error. LIBS analysis of 96 beryls from 16 countries (Afghanistan, Brazil, Canada, China, Colombia, India, Ireland, Italy, Madagascar, Mexico, Mozambique, Namibia, Norway, Russia, Tanzania and United States), Antarctica, and ten US states (AZ, CA, CO, CT, ID, ME, NC, NH, NM and UT) were undertaken to determine whether or not LIBS analysis can be used to determine the provenance of gem beryl. C1 New Mexico State Univ, Dept Geol Sci, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. US Army Res Off, Environm Sci Div, Durham, NC 27709 USA. US Army Res Lab, Weapons & Mat Res Directorate, Aberdeen, MD 21005 USA. RP McMillan, NJ (reprint author), New Mexico State Univ, Dept Geol Sci, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. EM nmcmilla@nmsu.edu RI De Lucia, Frank/D-5630-2012 NR 20 TC 39 Z9 40 U1 1 U2 12 PU SPRINGER HEIDELBERG PI HEIDELBERG PA TIERGARTENSTRASSE 17, D-69121 HEIDELBERG, GERMANY SN 1618-2642 J9 ANAL BIOANAL CHEM JI Anal. Bioanal. Chem. PD MAY PY 2006 VL 385 IS 2 BP 263 EP 271 DI 10.1007/s00216-006-0374-9 PG 9 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 037YY UT WOS:000237185400010 PM 16544128 ER PT J AU Wu, HY Zhu, KM Levin, LI Gorham, E Levine, RS Shah, M Potter, J AF Wu, HY Zhu, KM Levin, LI Gorham, E Levine, RS Shah, M Potter, J TI Self-reported hepatitis and non-Hodgkin lymphoma: An analysis according to the time since hepatitis diagnosis SO ANNALS OF EPIDEMIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE non-Hodgkin lymphoma; risk factors; hepatitis; case-control study ID C VIRUS-INFECTION; UNITED-STATES MILITARY; MALIGNANT-LYMPHOMA; MEDICAL HISTORY; CLASSIFICATION; PREVALENCE; RISK; EPIDEMIOLOGY; ASSOCIATION; CANCERS AB PURPOSE: Using data from the Selected Cancers Study, the authors tested whether the association between hepatitis infection and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) varied according to the time since the diagnosis of hepatitis. METHODS: Cases were 1177 men ages 32-60 diagnosed with NHL between 1984 and 1988. Controls were men with no history of NHL who were frequency-matched to lymphoma cases by age and cancer registry (n = 1852). Interviews were conducted to collect data on risk factors including history of hepatitis. No information on types of hepatitis was obtained. RESULTS: Logistic regression analyses indicated that history of hepatitis diagnosed 3 or more years prior to the reference date was not a significant risk factor for NHL (OR [odds ratio] = 0.92, 95% Cl: 0.63-1.35). In contrast, men with a history of hepatitis diagnosed within 3 years prior to the diagnosis date had more than a five-fold increased risk of NHL (OR = 5.77, 95% CL 1.99-16.74). CONCLUSIONS: Although the study was limited by lack of information on different types of hepatitis, the increased OR for hepatitis diagnosed more closely to the NHL diagnosis suggests that the reported association between hepatitis and NHL might partly result from increased detection of NHL in patients with recently reported hepatitis virus infection. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, US Mil Canc Inst, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Div Prevent Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. USN, Hlth Res Ctr, Dept Hlth Sci & Epidemiol, San Diego, CA 92152 USA. Morehouse Sch Med, Natl Ctr Primary Care, Atlanta, GA 30310 USA. RP Wu, HY (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, US Mil Canc Inst, 6900 Georgia Ave,NW Bldg 1,Suite E-111, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM Hongyu.Wu@na.amedd.army.mil NR 38 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1047-2797 J9 ANN EPIDEMIOL JI Ann. Epidemiol. PD MAY PY 2006 VL 16 IS 5 BP 400 EP 405 DI 10.1016/j.annepidem.2005.09.003 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 043AG UT WOS:000237571100013 PM 16246581 ER PT J AU Waselenko, JK Reese, A Park, K Lucas, M Goodrich, A Willis, CR Diehl, LF Grever, MR Byrd, JC Flinn, IW AF Waselenko, JK Reese, A Park, K Lucas, M Goodrich, A Willis, CR Diehl, LF Grever, MR Byrd, JC Flinn, IW TI A phase I/II study examining pentostatin, chlorambucil, and theophylline in patients with relapsed chronic lymphocytic leukemia and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma SO ANNALS OF HEMATOLOGY LA English DT Article DE theophylline; pentostatin; chlorambucil; chronic lymphocytic leukemia; non-Hodgkin's lymphoma; follicular lymphoma ID COOPERATIVE-ONCOLOGY-GROUP; PROGNOSTIC-SIGNIFICANCE; CELL LEUKEMIAS; P53 GENE; II TRIAL; B-CLL; THERAPY; FLUDARABINE; EXPRESSION; APOPTOSIS AB In an attempt to exploit bcl-2 overexpression and aberrant p53 function, two frequently encountered aberrations that predict marked treatment resistance and worse prognosis in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL), we combined theophylline, pentostatin, and chlorambucil at two dose levels (cohort 1: 30 mg/m(2); cohort 11: 20 mg/m(2)) on a 21-day cycle for up to six courses. We employed a phase I/II design to determine feasibility, define the maximum tolerated dose (MTD), and explore the impact of biologic modulation on response and time to progression (TTP) in 20 patients with relapsed or refractory CLL and NHL. Eight patients were enrolled in cohort 1. They demonstrated a response rate (RR) of 28% and a 16.5-month TTP after receiving a median of two cycles. A 50% RR was observed in this cohort when patients with adverse histologies were excluded. Because of myelotoxicity, this dose level defined the MTD, and de-escalation occurred. All 12 patients in cohort 11 received 20 mg/m(2) chlorambucil. A 50% RR and an 18-month TTP were observed after a median of 5.5 cycles. An RR of 47% and a complete remission (CR) of 5% were observed for the entire group, although responses and TTP varied greatly by histology. Significant activity was observed in patients with B-cell CLL and follicular lymphoma (FL). RR and TTP for fludarabine-sensitive/ naive and fludarabine-refractory (FR) B-cell CLL patients were 66 vs 25% and 20 vs 8.5 months, respectively. Both FL patients responded (one with partial remission and one with CR), with a 22.5-monthly median TTP. For responding patients, median TTP and overall survival (OS) was 21 and 69 months, respectively, compared to a median TTP of 2 months and an OS of 13.5 months for nonresponders. The combination of pentostatin, chlorambucil, and theophylline is the active regimen in patients with FL and B-cell CLL. C1 Sarah Cannon Res Inst, Nashville, TN 37203 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Hematol Oncol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Ohio State Univ, Div Hematol Oncol, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Sidney Kimmel Comprehens Canc Ctr, Div Hematol Malignancies, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA. Nashville Oncol Associates, Nashville, TN 37203 USA. Duke Univ, Hematol Oncol Associates, Durham, NC 27710 USA. RP Waselenko, JK (reprint author), Sarah Cannon Res Inst, 250 25th Ave,Suite 110, Nashville, TN 37203 USA. EM jwasel@comcast.net NR 29 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0939-5555 J9 ANN HEMATOL JI Ann. Hematol. PD MAY PY 2006 VL 85 IS 5 BP 301 EP 307 DI 10.1007/s00277-005-0025-9 PG 7 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 043IO UT WOS:000237594900005 ER PT J AU Singh, N Sidawy, AN Bottoni, CR Antedomenico, E Gawley, TS Harada, D Gillespie, DL Uyehara, CFT Cordts, PR AF Singh, N Sidawy, AN Bottoni, CR Antedomenico, E Gawley, TS Harada, D Gillespie, DL Uyehara, CFT Cordts, PR TI Physiological changes in venous hemodynamics associated with elective fasciotomy SO ANNALS OF VASCULAR SURGERY LA English DT Article ID AIR-PLETHYSMOGRAPHY; 4-COMPARTMENT FASCIOTOMY; COMPARTMENT SYNDROME; INSUFFICIENCY; LEG; CLAUDICATION; PRESSURE; PUMP AB It has been postulated that lower extremity fasciotomy may disrupt the calf musculovenous pump and predisposes to development of chronic venous insufficiency (CVI). However, studies based on trauma patients who undergo emergent fasciotomy are confounded by the possibility of concomitant vascular and soft tissue injury and use historical controls. This is a prospective study that evaluates venous hemodynamics in young patients undergoing elective fasciotomy for chronic exertional compartment syndrome (CECS), eliminating the problems associated with retrospective study of trauma patients. CECS was diagnosed by history and, when indicated, measurement of compartment pressures. Prior to elective two- or four-compartment fasciotomy, each patient underwent lower extremity air plethysmography (APG) and colorflow duplex ultrasonography. These studies were repeated a minimum of 6 weeks postoperatively. Fifteen patients who had fasciotomies for CECS were studied; two of these patients had bilateral fasciotomies for a total of 17 limbs. There were 13 male and two female patients (average age 31.2 years). APG and colorflow duplex were performed an average of 12 weeks after fasciotomy. Outflow fraction, venous volume, and ejection volume showed no significant changes postoperatively. However, the venous filling index (VFI) increased (0.9 +/- 0.1 vs. 1.1 +/- 0.1 mL/sec; p < 0.05, paired t-test), the ejection fraction tended to decrease (59 +/- 4% vs. 52 +/- 2%; p < 0.08, paired t-test), and the residual volume fraction (RVF) increased (26 +/- 3% vs. 36 +/- 5%; p < 0.05, paired t-test). There were no patients with evidence of deep venous reflux. Two extremities with preoperative greater saphenous vein (GSV) reflux did not worsen, and three extremities developed new GSV reflux following fasciotomy, although VFI remained normal in each extremity. Elective fasciotomy for CECS does not lead to significant venous reflux but likely does diminish calf muscle pump function and increases RVF moderately in young adult patients. With longer follow-up this diminished calf muscle pump function may increase the risk of CVI. C1 Washington Hosp Ctr, Dept Vasc Surg, Vasc Surg Sect, Washington, DC 20010 USA. Washington VA Med Ctr, Dept Vasc Surg, Washington, DC USA. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Washington, DC USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Vasc Surg, Washington, DC 20307 USA. USA, Dept Vasc Surg, Off Surg Gen, Falls Church, VA USA. RP Singh, N (reprint author), Washington Hosp Ctr, Dept Vasc Surg, Vasc Surg Sect, 110 Irving St, Washington, DC 20010 USA. EM nhsingh@aol.com OI Gillespie, David/0000-0002-4378-9465 NR 13 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0890-5096 J9 ANN VASC SURG JI Ann. Vasc. Surg. PD MAY PY 2006 VL 20 IS 3 BP 301 EP 305 DI 10.1007/s10016-006-9041-z PG 5 WC Surgery; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Surgery; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 053RJ UT WOS:000238322300002 PM 16612581 ER PT J AU Xie, LH Li, Q Lin, AJ Smith, K Zhang, J Skillman, DS AF Xie, LH Li, Q Lin, AJ Smith, K Zhang, J Skillman, DS TI New potential antimalarial agents: Therapeutic-index evaluation of pyrroloquinazolinediamine and its prodrugs in a rat model of severe malaria SO ANTIMICROBIAL AGENTS AND CHEMOTHERAPY LA English DT Article ID PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM INFECTION; MONKEYS; BERGHEI; DRUGS; PARASITE; RODENT; BLOOD; ANTIMETABOLITES; AZITHROMYCIN; ARTELINATE AB Tetra-acetamide pyrroloquinazolinediamine (PQD-A4) and bis-ethylearbamyl pyrroloquinazolinediamine (PQD-BE) are new derivatives of pyrroloquinazolinediamine (PQD) and are being investigated as potential chemotherapeutic agents for the treatment of malaria. Comparative studies to assess the therapeutic indices of PQD-A4, PQD-BE, and PQD were conducted in Plasmodium berghei-infected rats following daily intragastric dosing for three consecutive days. Artesunate (AS), a standard drug for treatment of severe malaria, was used as a comparator. The minimum doses required to clear malaria parasitemia were 156 mu mol/kg of body weight for AS and 2.4 mu mol/kg for PQD, PQD-4A, and PQD-BE. The maximum tolerated dose (MTD) of AS was 625 mu mol/kg, and its therapeutic index was calculated to be 4. The MTDs of PQD-A4, PQD-BE, and PQD were found to be 190, 77, and 24 mu mol/kg, respectively, yielding therapeutic indices of 80, 32, and 10, respectively. Although PQD-A4 and PQD-BE are only half as potent as PQD based on their curative effects, the two new derivatives, PQD-4A and PQD-BE, are 8.0-fold and 3.2-fold safer, respectively, than their parent compound when they are dosed for three consecutive days. Oral PQD-A4 and PQD-BE are 44 to 70 times more potent on an mg basis than intravenous AS. As assessed from the therapeutic index over 3 days, PQD-A4, PQD-BE, and PQD administered orally are 20.0, 8.0, and 2.5 times safer than AS given intravenously. The results indicate that PQD-4A is a promising candidate for antimalarial treatment. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Pharmacol, Div Expt Therapeut, Silver Spring, MD 20307 USA. RP Xie, LH (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Pharmacol, Div Expt Therapeut, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20307 USA. EM lisa.xie@na.amedd.army.mil NR 32 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0066-4804 J9 ANTIMICROB AGENTS CH JI Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. PD MAY PY 2006 VL 50 IS 5 BP 1649 EP 1655 DI 10.1128/AAC.50.5.1649-1655.2006 PG 7 WC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Microbiology; Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 040FV UT WOS:000237365300006 PM 16641431 ER PT J AU Amberg, SM Bolken, TC Larson, RA Dai, DC Jones, KF Warren, TK Lund, SA Kirkwood-Watts, DL King, DS Weimers, WC Shurtleff, AC Kashman, KA Ferro, PJ Guttieri, MC Hruby, DE AF Amberg, SM Bolken, TC Larson, RA Dai, DC Jones, KF Warren, TK Lund, SA Kirkwood-Watts, DL King, DS Weimers, WC Shurtleff, AC Kashman, KA Ferro, PJ Guttieri, MC Hruby, DE TI Identification and characterization of antiviral drugs for Lassa fever virus SO ANTIVIRAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 19th International Conference on Antiviral Research CY MAY 07-11, 2006 CL San Juan, PR SP Int Soc Antiviral Res C1 SIGA Technol Inc, Corvallis, OR 97333 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Dept Mol Virol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-3542 J9 ANTIVIR RES JI Antiviral Res. PD MAY PY 2006 VL 70 IS 1 BP A38 EP A38 PG 1 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Virology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Virology GA 035OO UT WOS:000237011200033 ER PT J AU Dyall, J Balsarotti, J Buscher, B Roth, R Starkey, G O'Guin, A Paragas, J Olivo, P AF Dyall, J Balsarotti, J Buscher, B Roth, R Starkey, G O'Guin, A Paragas, J Olivo, P TI Identification of inhibitors of Ebola virus with a subgenomic replication system SO ANTIVIRAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 19th International Conference on Antiviral Research CY MAY 07-11, 2006 CL San Juan, PR SP Int Soc Antiviral Res C1 Apath LLC, St Louis, MO 63141 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Virol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-3542 J9 ANTIVIR RES JI Antiviral Res. PD MAY PY 2006 VL 70 IS 1 BP A39 EP A39 PG 1 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Virology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Virology GA 035OO UT WOS:000237011200035 ER PT J AU Huggins, J Raymond, JL Fisher, R Jahrling, P Hensley, L AF Huggins, J Raymond, JL Fisher, R Jahrling, P Hensley, L TI Sequential determination of virus in blood and tissues of the variola cynomolgus monkey model of classical smallpox reveals that IV cidofovir can effectively treat monkeys with extensive viral burden SO ANTIVIRAL RESEARCH LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 19th International Conference on Antiviral Research CY MAY 07-11, 2006 CL San Juan, PR SP Int Soc Antiviral Res C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Viral Therapeut Branch, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0166-3542 J9 ANTIVIR RES JI Antiviral Res. PD MAY PY 2006 VL 70 IS 1 BP A36 EP A37 PG 2 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Virology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Virology GA 035OO UT WOS:000237011200029 ER PT J AU Rozin, P Hanko, K Durlach, P AF Rozin, Paul Hanko, Karlene Durlach, Paula TI Self-prediction of hedonic trajectories for repeated use of body products and foods: Poor performance, not improved by a full generation of experience SO APPETITE LA English DT Article DE preference; prediction; liking; age differences; anticipation; decision; food; body products ID FAMILY RESEMBLANCE; PREFERENCES; NEGLECT AB This study extends earlier work by [Kahneman, D., and Snell, J. (1992). Predicting a changing taste: Do people know what they will like? Journal of Behavioral Decision Making, 5, 187-200.]. suggesting that people are poor at predicting changes in liking. This is an important issue because an absence of this ability would make it difficult for people to optimize their own choices. Twenty undergraduates and 20 of their parents sampled four relatively unfamiliar consumer products, two foods and two body products, for 8 days. On Day 1, participants rated their initial liking and predicted their liking after seven daily uses of the products. Predictions were compared to actual liking on Day 8. Consistent with prior work, participants were poor at predicting their actual hedonic trajectories because they underestimated the degree to which their preferences would change. Contrary to predictions, parents were no better than students at this task, even though they had some 20-39 years more experience in observing their own hedonic trajectories. There is no evidence for any parent-child resemblance in either liking for the products or ability to accurately predict hedonic trajectory, and no evidence for consistency in ability to predict trajectories across the four different products. In general, participants underestimate the degree to which their preferences will change. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Penn, Dept Psychol, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Cornell Univ, Dept Psychol, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. USA, Res Inst, Simulator Syst Res Unit, Orlando, FL 32826 USA. RP Rozin, P (reprint author), Univ Penn, Dept Psychol, 3720 Walnut St, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. EM rozin@psych.upenn.edu NR 13 TC 8 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 2 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0195-6663 J9 APPETITE JI Appetite PD MAY PY 2006 VL 46 IS 3 BP 297 EP 303 DI 10.1016/j.appet.2006.01.016 PG 7 WC Behavioral Sciences; Nutrition & Dietetics SC Behavioral Sciences; Nutrition & Dietetics GA 060JD UT WOS:000238797600008 PM 16580759 ER PT J AU Cox, GW Etzkorn, LH Hughes, WE AF Cox, GW Etzkorn, LH Hughes, WE TI Cohesion metric for object-oriented systems based on semantic closeness from disambiguity SO APPLIED ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE LA English DT Article ID SUITE AB Object-oriented semantic metrics address software quality by assessing underlying code meaning. Previous metrics were based on mapping a class's semantic information onto concepts in an application domain knowledge base. Quality measurements were made by operating on the concepts mapped onto. In this work, we consider more complex inter-concept relationships - semantic disambiguities through semantic connections. The idea is that a level of ambiguity is indicated by the connectivity within the knowledge base between two concepts. A cohesion metric based on this idea is shown to perform as well as traditional metrics, and is available much earlier in the development cycle. C1 Univ Alabama, Dept Comp Sci, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA. USA, Div Anal, Space & Missile Def Command, Huntsville, AL USA. RP Univ Alabama, Dept Comp Sci, N300 Technol Hall, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA. NR 19 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT STREET, STE 850, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0883-9514 EI 1087-6545 J9 APPL ARTIF INTELL JI Appl. Artif. Intell. PD MAY-JUN PY 2006 VL 20 IS 5 BP 419 EP 436 DI 10.1080/08839510500313687 PG 18 WC Computer Science, Artificial Intelligence; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Computer Science; Engineering GA 037QX UT WOS:000237163100002 ER PT J AU O'Brien, TK Krueger, R AF O'Brien, T. Kevin Krueger, Ronald TI Influence of compression and shear on the strength of composite laminates with z-pinned reinforcement SO APPLIED COMPOSITE MATERIALS LA English DT Article DE z-pin; compression strength; shear; laminates ID FIBER COMPOSITES AB The influence of compression and shear loads on the strength of composite laminates with z-pins is evaluated parametrically using a 2D Finite Element Code (FLASH) based on Cosserat couple stress theory. Meshes were generated for three unique combinations of z-pin diameter and density. A laminated plate theory analysis was performed on several layups to determine the bi-axial stresses in the zero degree plies. These stresses, in turn, were used to determine the magnitude of the relative load steps prescribed in the FLASH analyses. Results indicated that increasing pin density was more detrimental to in-plane compression strength than increasing pin diameter. Compression strengths of lamina without z-pins agreed well with a closed form expression derived by Budiansky and Fleck. FLASH results for lamina with z-pins were consistent with the closed form results, and FLASH results without z-pins, if the initial fiber waviness due to z-pin insertion was added to the fiber waviness in the material to yield a total misalignment. Addition of 10% shear to the compression loading significantly reduced the lamina strength compared to pure compression loading. Addition of 50% shear to the compression indicated shear yielding rather than kink band formation as the likely failure mode. Two different stiffener reinforced skin configurations with z-pins, one quasi-isotropic and one orthotropic, were also analyzed. Six unique loading cases ranging from pure compression to compression plus 50% shear were analyzed assuming material fiber waviness misalignment angles of 0, 1, and 2 degrees. Compression strength decreased with increased shear loading for both configurations, with the quasi-isotropic configuration yielding lower strengths than the orthotropic configuration. C1 NASA, Langley Res Ctr, USA Res Lab, Hampton, VA 23681 USA. Natl Inst Aerosp, Hampton, VA 23681 USA. RP O'Brien, TK (reprint author), NASA, Langley Res Ctr, USA Res Lab, Hampton, VA 23681 USA. EM thomas.k.obrien@nasa.gov RI Krueger, Ronald/G-5356-2015 NR 12 TC 22 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 11 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0929-189X J9 APPL COMPOS MATER JI Appl. Compos. Mater. PD MAY PY 2006 VL 13 IS 3 BP 173 EP 189 DI 10.1007/s10443-005-9005-4 PG 17 WC Materials Science, Composites SC Materials Science GA 074VO UT WOS:000239840100003 ER PT J AU Hanna, HM Boyd, PM Baumgartner, KJ Baker, JL Colvin, TS AF Hanna, HM Boyd, PM Baumgartner, KJ Baker, JL Colvin, TS TI Field application uniformity of impellicone and pulse-width-modulated anhydrous ammonia manifolds SO APPLIED ENGINEERING IN AGRICULTURE LA English DT Article DE application variation; anhydrous ammonia; distribution manifold; impellicone; NH3; nitrogen; pulse width modulation ID PERFORMANCE AB With the consistently increasing cost and widespread use of anhydrous ammonia (NH3), producers are looking for ways to reduce variability in applicator equipment. One way to improve uniformity in NH3 applicators is the use of a better distribution manifold. Impellicone and pulse-width-modulated (PWM) manifolds are newer design alternatives to a Vertical-Dam manifold. Uniformity measurements during field application were made comparing Vertical-Dam manifolds with several Impellicone manifold designs and also a pulse-width-modulated (PWM) valve design as these manifolds were refined for commercial production. Application rates ranged from 23.7 to 224 kg N/ha (21.2 to 200 lb N/acre) depending on experiment with many applications near 84 kg N/ha (75 lb N/acre; "low" rate) and 168 kg N/ha (150 lb N/acre; "high" rate) during Impellicone tests. Modified Impellicone and PWM manifolds both had better uniformity at a 99% confidence level (as measured by lower coefficients of variation (CVs)) than did Vertical-Dam manifolds tested during the same field conditions. Modified Impellicone manifolds had average coefficients of variation (CVs) 9 and 6 percentage points lower than the Vertical-Dam manifold at the low rate and high application rates, respectively. The PWM manifold CV was 3 percentage points lower than the Vertical-Dam at application rates of 95 kg N/ha (85 lb N/acre), but 6 and 13 percentage points lower than the Vertical-Dam manifold at application rates of 179 and 22 kg N/ha (160 and 20 lb N/acre, respectively). C1 Iowa State Univ, Dept Agr & Biosyst Engn, Ames, IA 50011 USA. USA, Corps Engineers, Omaha, NE USA. Oxford Farm, Cambridge, IA USA. RP Hanna, HM (reprint author), Iowa State Univ, Dept Agr & Biosyst Engn, 200B Davidson Hall, Ames, IA 50011 USA. EM hmhanna@iastate.edu NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 0883-8542 J9 APPL ENG AGRIC JI Appl. Eng. Agric. PD MAY PY 2006 VL 22 IS 3 BP 365 EP 371 PG 7 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 053UL UT WOS:000238331100006 ER PT J AU Harmon, R Vannucci, R AF Harmon, R Vannucci, R TI Frontiers in analytical geochemistry - An IGC 2004 perspective - Preface SO APPLIED GEOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. Univ Pavia, I-27100 Pavia, Italy. RP Harmon, R (reprint author), USA, Res Off, POB 11221, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM russell.harmon@us.army.mil NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0883-2927 J9 APPL GEOCHEM JI Appl. Geochem. PD MAY PY 2006 VL 21 IS 5 BP 727 EP 729 DI 10.1016/j.apgeochem.2006.02.002 PG 3 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 047UQ UT WOS:000237904600001 ER PT J AU Harmon, RS DeLucia, FC McManus, CE McMillan, NJ Jenkins, TF Walsh, ME Miziolek, A AF Harmon, RS DeLucia, FC McManus, CE McMillan, NJ Jenkins, TF Walsh, ME Miziolek, A TI Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy - An emerging chemical sensor technology for real-time field-portable, geochemical, mineralogical, and environmental applications SO APPLIED GEOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 37th National Congress of the Sociedad-Espanola-Cardiologia CY 2001 CL Barcelona, SPAIN SP Soc Espanola Cardiol ID INDUCED PLASMA SPECTROSCOPY; PENNSYLVANIAN BLACK SHALES; QUANTITATIVE-ANALYSIS; ELEMENTAL ANALYSIS; HEAVY-METALS; AMBIENT AIR; IRON-ORE; LIBS; SPECTROMETRY; ABLATION AB Laser induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) is a simple spark spectrochemical sensor technology in which a laser beam is directed at a sample surface to create a high-temperature microplasma and a detector used to collect the spectrum of light emission and record its intensity at specific wavelengths. LIBS is an emerging chemical sensor technology undergoing rapid advancement in instrumentation capability and in areas of application. Attributes of a LIBS sensor system include: (i) small size and weight; (ii) technologically mature, inherently rugged, and affordable components; (iii) real-time response; (iv) in situ analysis with no sample preparation required; (v) a high sensitivity to low atomic weight elements which are difficult to determine by other field-portable sensor techniques, and (vi) point sensing or standoff detection. Recent developments in broadband LIBS provide the capability for detection at very high resolution (0.1 nm) of all elements in any unknown target material because all chemical elements emit in the 200 980 nm spectral region. This progress portends a unique potential for the development of a rugged and reliable field-portable chemical sensor that has the potential to be utilized in variety of geochemical, mineralogical, and environmental applications. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. New Mexico State Univ, Dept Geol, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. USACE Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Harmon, RS (reprint author), USA, Res Off, POB 11211, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM russell.harmon@us.army.mil RI De Lucia, Frank/D-5630-2012 NR 88 TC 103 Z9 109 U1 2 U2 29 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0883-2927 J9 APPL GEOCHEM JI Appl. Geochem. PD MAY PY 2006 VL 21 IS 5 BP 730 EP 747 DI 10.1016/j.apgeochem.2006.02.003 PG 18 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics SC Geochemistry & Geophysics GA 047UQ UT WOS:000237904600002 ER PT J AU Morin, KM Arcidiacono, S Beckwitt, R Mello, CM AF Morin, KM Arcidiacono, S Beckwitt, R Mello, CM TI Recombinant expression of indolicidin concatamers in Escherichia coli SO APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ANTIMICROBIAL CATIONIC PEPTIDES; HIGH-LEVEL EXPRESSION; ANTIBACTERIAL PEPTIDE; ACIDIC PEPTIDE; BUFORIN II; PURIFICATION; BACTERIA; CLONING; FUSION; SYSTEM AB Antimicrobial peptides are part of the innate immune system of vertebrates and invertebrates. They are active against gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria, fungi, and protozoa. Currently, most antimicrobial peptides are extracted from host organisms or produced by solid-phase peptide synthesis. Recombinant protein expression in Escherichia coli is a tool for greater production yields at a decreased cost and reduces the use of hazardous materials. We have constructed a concatamer of indolicidin and successfully expressed a fusion product with thioredoxin in E. coli BL21DE3. Codons for methionine residues flanking individual indolicidin genes were incorporated for cyanogen bromide cleavage of the fusion protein and liberation of active monomeric indolicidin. Peptide yields of 150 mu g/l monomeric indolicidin were achieved in this first report of recombinant production of indolicidin with demonstrated antimicrobial activity. C1 USA, Natick Soldier Ctr, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Mello, CM (reprint author), USA, Natick Soldier Ctr, 1 Kansas St, Natick, MA 01760 USA. EM Charlene.mello@us.army.mil OI Beckwitt, Richard/0000-0003-4315-2808 NR 38 TC 24 Z9 27 U1 0 U2 4 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0175-7598 J9 APPL MICROBIOL BIOT JI Appl. Microbiol. Biotechnol. PD MAY PY 2006 VL 70 IS 6 BP 698 EP 704 DI 10.1007/s00253-005-0132-5 PG 7 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 044AR UT WOS:000237644900009 PM 16158282 ER PT J AU Voloshinov, VB Gupta, N AF Voloshinov, VB Gupta, N TI Investigation of magnesium fluoride crystals for imaging acousto-optic tunable filter applications SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article ID SINGLE-CRYSTAL; MGF2 AB Results of an investigation of acousto-optic (AO) cells using single crystals of magnesium fluoride (MgF2) are presented. Two acousto-optic tunable filter (AOTF) cells for imaging application have been designed and tested in the visible and ultraviolet (UV) regions of the spectrum from 190 to 490 nm. The two imaging filters were developed by using the wide-angle AO interaction geometry in the (010) and (1 (1) over bar0) planes of the crystal. These filters were used to obtain spectral images at the shortest wavelengths achieved so far. Advantages and drawbacks of this crystal are discussed and photoelastic, acoustic, and AO properties of MgF2 are examined. The investigation confirmed that MgF2-based AOTF cells can be used in the deep UV region up to 110 mu. (c) 2006 Optical Society of America. C1 Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Dept Phys, Moscow 119992, Russia. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Voloshinov, VB (reprint author), Moscow MV Lomonosov State Univ, Dept Phys, Moscow 119992, Russia. EM volosh@phys.msu.ru; ngupta@arl.army.mil RI Voloshinov, Vitaly/I-6045-2012; Gupta, Neelam/B-8702-2013 NR 23 TC 16 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 8 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1559-128X EI 2155-3165 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD MAY 1 PY 2006 VL 45 IS 13 BP 3127 EP 3135 DI 10.1364/AO.45.003127 PG 9 WC Optics SC Optics GA 037JU UT WOS:000237143800030 PM 16639462 ER PT J AU Rosen, DL AF Rosen, DL TI Airborne bacterial endospores detected by use of an impinger containing aqueous terbium chloride SO APPLIED OPTICS LA English DT Article ID ANTHRAX SMOKE DETECTOR; SAMPLERS; PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; DIPICOLINATE; COLLECTION; IMPACTION AB An experimental investigation is described of a terbium luminescence sensor for continuous collection and detection of bacterial endospores suspended in the atmosphere. A sensor is presented that continuously monitors and rapidly detects small concentrations of aerosolized bacterial endospores. The aerosol particles are collected by an impinger from which terbium dipicolinate photoluminescence is measured. A preliminary test of the sensor is described with Bacillus globigii endospores that were dispersed in an aerosol chamber. Another experiment is described showing that evaporation of water from the impinger limits operation time of the sensor to a few hours. (c) 2006 Optical Society of America. C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20793 USA. RP Rosen, DL (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20793 USA. EM drosen0000@yahoo.com NR 13 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 1 U2 1 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1559-128X EI 2155-3165 J9 APPL OPTICS JI Appl. Optics PD MAY 1 PY 2006 VL 45 IS 13 BP 3152 EP 3157 DI 10.1364/AO.45.003152 PG 6 WC Optics SC Optics GA 037JU UT WOS:000237143800033 PM 16639465 ER PT J AU Ryan, LM O'Jile, JR Parks-Levy, J Betz, B Hilsabeck, RC Gouvier, WD AF Ryan, Laurie M. O'Jile, Judith R. Parks-Levy, Judith Betz, Brian Hilsabeck, Robin C. Gouvier, Wm. Drew TI Complex partial seizure symptom endorsement in individuals with a history of head injury SO ARCHIVES OF CLINICAL NEUROPSYCHOLOGY LA English DT Article DE complex partial seizure symptoms; head injury; cerebral dysfunction AB Research has shown that subjects at risk for cerebral dysfunction endorse more complex partial seizure symptoms than low risk controls. It has been suggested that seizure activity be regarded as occurring on a continuum of neurobehavioral dysfunction, rather than as a discrete syndrome. The present study assessed seizure symptom endorsement in individuals reporting a positive history of head injury. There were three groups of college student participants: head injury with loss of consciousness (LOC; n = 31); head injury followed by a dazed period or alteration of consciousness (AOC; n = 36); non-injured controls (NHI; n = 60). In general, the LOC group reported greater frequency of symptomatology and a greater number of clinically significant symptoms (above the 90th percentile) than the NHI group, and a greater number of clinically significant symptoms than the AOC group. The AOC group did not differ from the NHI group on either variable. These results lend credence to the concept of a continuum representing an epilepsy spectrum disorder. (c) 2006 National Academy of Neuropsychology. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Neurol, Def & Vet Brain Injury Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Neurol, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Univ Mississippi, Med Ctr, Dept Psychiat & Human Behav, University, MS 38677 USA. Texas Tech Univ, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Neuropsychiat & Behav Sci, Lubbock, TX 79409 USA. Louisiana State Univ, Dept Psychol, Baton Rouge, LA 70803 USA. RP Ryan, LM (reprint author), NIA, Neurosci & Neuropsychol Aging Program, 7201 Wisconsin Ave,Suite 350, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM ryanl@mail.nih.gov NR 10 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0887-6177 J9 ARCH CLIN NEUROPSYCH JI Arch. Clin. Neuropsychol. PD MAY PY 2006 VL 21 IS 4 BP 287 EP 291 DI 10.1016/j.acn.2006.03.002 PG 5 WC Psychology, Clinical; Psychology SC Psychology GA 067GI UT WOS:000239289500004 PM 16762528 ER PT J AU Kozar, RA Moore, FA Cothren, CC Moore, EE Sena, M Bulger, EM Miller, CC Eastridge, B Acheson, E Brundage, SI Tataria, M McCarthy, M Holcomb, JB AF Kozar, RA Moore, FA Cothren, CC Moore, EE Sena, M Bulger, EM Miller, CC Eastridge, B Acheson, E Brundage, SI Tataria, M McCarthy, M Holcomb, JB TI Risk factors for hepatic morbidity following nonoperative management - Multicenter study SO ARCHIVES OF SURGERY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 113th Scientific Session of the Western-Surgical-Association CY NOV 07, 2005 CL Rancho Mirage, CA SP Western Surg Assoc ID BLUNT LIVER-INJURY; TRAUMA; ORGAN; SPLEEN; PERITONITIS; EXPERIENCE; SCANS AB Hypothesis: Early risk factors for hepatic-related morbidity in patients undergoing initial nonoperative management of complex blunt hepatic injuries can be accurately identified. Design: Multicenter historical cohort Setting: Seven urban level 1 trauma centers. Patients: Patients from January 2000 through May 2003 with complex (grades 3-5) blunt hepatic injuries not requiring laparotomy in the first 24 hours. Intervention: Nonoperative treatment of complex blunt hepatic injuries. Main Outcome Measures: Complications and treatment strategies. Results: Of 699 patients with complex blunt hepatic injuries, 453 (65%) were treated nonoperatively. Overall, 61 patients (13%) developed 87 hepatic complications including bleeding (38), biliary (bile peritonitis, 7; bile leak, 9; biloma, 11; biliary-venous fistula, 1; and bile duct injury, 1), abdominal compartment syndrome (5), and infections (abscess, 7 necrosis, 2; and suspected abdominal sepsis, 6), which required 86 multimodality treatments (angioembolization, 32; endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography and stenting, 9; interventional radiology drainage, 16; paracentesis, 1; laparotomy, 24; and laparoscopy, 4). Hepatic complications developed in 5% (13 of 264) of patients with grade 3 injuries, 22% (36 of 166) of patients with grade 4 injuries, and 52% (12 of 23) of patients with grade 5 injuries. Univariate analysis revealed 24-hour crystalloid, total and first 24-hour packed red blood cells, fresh frozen plasma, platelet, and cryoprecipitate requirements and liver injury grade to be significant but only liver injury grade (grade 4 odds ratio, 4.439; grade 5 odds ratio, 12.001) and 24-hour transfusion requirement (odds ratio, 6.446) predicted complications by multivariable analysis. Conclusions: Nonoperative management of high-grade liver injuries is associated with significant morbidity and correlates with grade of liver injury. Screening patients with transfusion requirements and high-grade injuries may result in earlier diagnosis and treatment of hepatic-related complications. C1 Univ Texas, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Denver Hlth Med Ctr, Denver, CO USA. Univ Washington, Sch Med, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Univ Texas SW, Dallas, TX USA. USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Stanford Univ, Med Ctr, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Wright State Univ, Sch Med, Dayton, OH USA. RP Kozar, RA (reprint author), Univ Texas, 6431 Fannin,MSB 4-284, Houston, TX 77030 USA. EM rosemary.a.kozar@uth.tmc.edu NR 24 TC 69 Z9 77 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER MEDICAL ASSOC PI CHICAGO PA 515 N STATE ST, CHICAGO, IL 60610-0946 USA SN 0004-0010 J9 ARCH SURG-CHICAGO JI Arch. Surg. PD MAY PY 2006 VL 141 IS 5 BP 451 EP 458 DI 10.1001/archsurg.141.5.451 PG 8 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA 041RR UT WOS:000237473900005 PM 16702516 ER PT J AU Murphy, KP Ross, AE Javernick, MA Lehman, RA AF Murphy, KP Ross, AE Javernick, MA Lehman, RA TI Repair of the adult acetabular labrum SO ARTHROSCOPY-THE JOURNAL OF ARTHROSCOPIC AND RELATED SURGERY LA English DT Article DE hip arthroscopy; labral repair; hip; labral tear; anterior labral tear ID FINITE-ELEMENT MODEL; HIP ARTHROSCOPY; TEARS AB Although hip arthroscopy is a new technique, indications for its use are rapidly expanding. With better utilization and understanding of both radiologic assessment of hip pathology and clinical examination, specific intra-articular derangement is being identified. Longitudinal, peripheral, and intrasubstance anterior hip labral tears can be repaired using anterior paratrochanteric and anterior portals with standard hip arthroscopy equipment. Repair of the torn labrum may help re-establish the anatomic function of the labrum, thereby preventing biomechanical compromise through surgical debridement, which may lead to degenerative changes associated with osteoarthritis. Although long-term results are still unknown, results of short-term follow-up are positive. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Orthopaed & Rehabil, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Murphy, KP (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Orthopaed & Rehabil, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM Kevin.Murphy.1@NA.AMEDD.ARMY.MIL NR 10 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0749-8063 J9 ARTHROSCOPY JI Arthroscopy PD MAY PY 2006 VL 22 IS 5 AR e1 DI 10.1016/j.arthro.2005.07.033 PG 3 WC Orthopedics; Surgery SC Orthopedics; Surgery GA 043UN UT WOS:000237627800020 ER PT J AU Convertino, VA Ratliff, DA Eisenhower, KC Warren, C Doerr, DF Idris, AH Lurie, KG AF Convertino, VA Ratliff, DA Eisenhower, KC Warren, C Doerr, DF Idris, AH Lurie, KG TI Inspiratory impedance effects on hemodynamic responses to orthostasis in normal subjects SO AVIATION SPACE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE respiration; heart rate; stroke volume; cardiac output; peripheral vascular resistance; impedance threshold device; tilt test; hypotension ID BLOOD-PRESSURE; VASCULAR-RESISTANCE; HEMORRHAGIC-SHOCK; SPACE-FLIGHT; STAND TEST; HYPOTENSION; MICROGRAVITY; SPACEFLIGHT; INTOLERANCE; FINGER AB Background: Breathing through an impedance threshold device (ITD) might prove effective as a countermeasure against post-spaceflight orthostatic hypotension since it increased blood pressure (BP) and cardiac output in supine human subjects. Objective: We tested the hypothesis that spontaneous breathing through an ITD would attenuate the reduction in stroke volume and BP during orthostasis in human subjects. Methods: There were 19 volunteers (10 men, 9 women) who completed two 80 degrees head-up tilt (HUT) protocols with (active) and without (sham control) an ITD set to open at -7 cm H2O pressure. Heart rate (HR), stroke volume (SV), cardiac output (CO), mean arterial pressure (MAP), and total peripheral resistance (TPR) were measured non-invasively during transition from supine to HUT. Results: HUT caused significant elevation in HR and reductions in SV, CO, TPR, and MAP. Hemodynamic effects of HUT were similar for sham and active ITD. Further analysis revealed a subset (n = 11) of subjects who demonstrated a > 20% decrease in SV during HUT with the sham ITD. In this subset of subjects, the ITD attenuated (p = 0.004) the %Delta SV (-22.5 +/- 3.0%) during HUT compared with the sham ITD (%Delta SV = -37.4 +/- 2.6%). There was no statistical effect of ITD use in the subgroup who demonstrated < 20% reduction in SV (-16.6 +/- 0.4%). Conclusions: Use of an ITD may provide significant protection against orthostatic compromise in individuals with greater than 20% reductions in SV, such as astronauts returning from space. C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NASA, Off Hlth & Med Syst, Dynam Corp, Kennedy Space Ctr, FL 32899 USA. NASA, Spaceflight & Life Sci Training Program, Kennedy Space Ctr, FL 32899 USA. NASA, Biomed Res Lab, Kennedy Space Ctr, FL 32899 USA. Univ Texas, SW Med Ctr, Dept Emergency Med, Dallas, TX 75230 USA. Adv Circulatory Syst Inc, Minneapolis, MN USA. Hennepin Cty Med Ctr, Dept Emergency Med, Minneapolis, MN 55415 USA. RP Convertino, VA (reprint author), USA, Inst Surg Res, 3400 Rawley R Chambers Ave,Bldg 3611, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM victor.convertino@amedd.army.mil NR 35 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 USA SN 0095-6562 J9 AVIAT SPACE ENVIR MD JI Aviat. Space Environ. Med. PD MAY PY 2006 VL 77 IS 5 BP 486 EP 493 PG 8 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Sport Sciences GA 040GD UT WOS:000237366100003 PM 16708528 ER PT J AU Manoogian, SJ Kennedy, EA Wilson, KA Duma, SM Alem, NM AF Manoogian, SJ Kennedy, EA Wilson, KA Duma, SM Alem, NM TI Predicting neck injuries due to head-supported mass SO AVIATION SPACE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE neck; injury; head-supported mass; modeling AB Background: Technological advances in military equipment have resulted in more devices being mounted on the helmet to enhance the capability of the soldier. The soldier's neck must bear this head-supported mass (HSM) and the resulting dynamic characteristics of the head and neck system are changed. The purpose of this study was to vary the conditions of impact as well as the design criteria to quantify the effect of HSM on neck injury risk through computational modeling. Methods: The TNO MADYMO detailed neck model was used for a matrix of 196 simulations designed to vary the impact conditions and HSM properties added to the model. These parameters included seven impact directions, three impact magnitudes, nine mass locations, and three mass magnitudes. The data collected from these simulations were evaluated for injury risk using the lower neck beam criterion equation. Results: The results from these simulations provide detailed information regarding the risk of injury based on a particular HSM configuration and the acceleration of the body. The predominant factor in increasing risk in the lower neck is the increase in pulse magnitude. The effect of pulse magnitude is more dominant in the directions that create a flexion or lateral bending moment. Conclusion: HSM increases the level of injury, but the impact level that the subject is exposed to is a more dominating factor in determining injury risk. C1 Virginia Tech, Ctr Injury Biomech, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. USA, Aeromed Res Lab, Ft Rucker, AL USA. RP Manoogian, SJ (reprint author), Virginia Tech, Ctr Injury Biomech, 114 Randolph Hall,MC 0238, Blacksburg, VA 24061 USA. EM manoogsj@vt.edu RI Duma, Stefan/A-8368-2012 NR 19 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 USA SN 0095-6562 J9 AVIAT SPACE ENVIR MD JI Aviat. Space Environ. Med. PD MAY PY 2006 VL 77 IS 5 BP 509 EP 514 PG 6 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Sport Sciences GA 040GD UT WOS:000237366100006 PM 16708531 ER PT J AU Russo, M Vo, A Conlan, R Redmond, D AF Russo, M Vo, A Conlan, R Redmond, D TI Digital signal processing actigraphy SO AVIATION SPACE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Editorial Material ID SLEEP; PERFORMANCE C1 USA, Aeromed Res Lab, Ft Rucker, AL 36362 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Comprehens Neurosci Program, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Henry M Jackson Fdn Adv Mil Med, Rockville, MD USA. Precis Control Design Inc, Ft Walton Beach, FL USA. RP Russo, M (reprint author), USA, Aeromed Res Lab, Ft Rucker, AL 36362 USA. NR 11 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 USA SN 0095-6562 J9 AVIAT SPACE ENVIR MD JI Aviat. Space Environ. Med. PD MAY PY 2006 VL 77 IS 5 BP 564 EP + PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Sport Sciences GA 040GD UT WOS:000237366100015 PM 16708540 ER PT J AU Lacey, LA Arthurs, SP Unruh, TR Headrick, H Fritts, R AF Lacey, LA Arthurs, SP Unruh, TR Headrick, H Fritts, R TI Entomopathogenic nematodes for control of codling moth (Lepidoptera : Tortricidae) in apple and pear orchards: Effect of nematode species and seasonal temperatures, adjuvants, application equipment, and post-application irrigation SO BIOLOGICAL CONTROL LA English DT Article DE entomopathogenic nematodes; codling moth; Cydia pomonella; Steinernema feltiae; Steinernema carpocapsae; temperature effect; irrigation effect; application effect ID CYDIA-POMONELLA LEPIDOPTERA; STEINERNEMA-CARPOCAPSAE RHABDITIDA; FORAGING STRATEGY; FRUIT BINS; PERSISTENCE; INFECTION; REPRODUCTION; SUPPRESSION; ENVIRONMENT; SELECTION AB Codling moth (CM), a serious pest of apple and pear in most countries where these fruits are grown, overwinters in cryptic habitats as cocooned diapausing larvae. Control of diapausing CM larvae would reduce or eliminate damage to fruit early in the following growing season. Entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) have shown promise as biological control agents of cocooned CM larvae in the Pacific Northwest and elsewhere, but several factors, such as choice of EPN species and other operational factors warrant investigation to provide growers with practical control options. Field trials with Steinernema carpocapsae and S. feltiae were conducted in apple and pear orchards to determine the effects of seasonal temperatures, adjuvants, post-application irrigation, and method of application on control of cocooned CM larvae. In studies conducted in late summer, fall and early spring (1999-2000), EPNs were applied to apple trees (Golden Delicious) with a backpack sprayer at a rate of 10(6) infective juveniles (IJs)/tree plus supplemental wetting to aid survival of Us. Good control by both EPN species was observed in September (94-95% mortality in sentinel CM larvae). In October, control by S. feltiae was also effective (90% mortality), but S. carpocapsae was less effective (58% mortality), ostensibly due to the cooler conditions. In identical applications the following spring, the efficacy of S. carpocapsae and S. feltiae was reduced during cool windy conditions in March 30 tests, providing 26 and 65% control of sentinel larvae, respectively, but improved during warmer conditions in April 12 tests (71 and 86% control, respectively). In further tests in the same location in mid-October 2001, S. feltiae (10(6) IJs/trec) were most effective for control of sentinel CM larvae cocooned in cardboard strips (approximate to 80% mortality) and logs (34-47%) when combined with a wetting agent (Silwet L77) or a humectant (Stockosorb) and the trees were misted for 4h post-treatment. In the absence of post-application wetting, the addition of either adjuvant (Silwet and Stockosorb) to Us also increased larval mortality in strips, although it did not significantly improve nematode efficacy on logs. In another test in late summer 1999, the use of a lance applicator (applying 2.0 x 10(6) IJs/tree) did not significantly improve control of cocooned larvae for either EPN species, when compared with a tractor-mounted airblast sprayer. Two further tests in the fall of 2003 with S. carpocapsae and S. feltiae compared post-application wetting with existing and modified irrigation in 4-year-old trellised apple (Gala) and established Bartlett pear orchards. No significant improvements in sentinel larval mortality were observed following application of both EPN species with an airblast sprayer (1-2.5 x 10(9) IJs/ha) when conventional overhead rotator sprinklers were replaced with lower volume microsprinklers. (c) 2005 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 USDA ARS, Yakima Agr Res Lab, Wapato, WA 98951 USA. USA, Certis, Clovis, CA 93619 USA. RP Lacey, LA (reprint author), USDA ARS, Yakima Agr Res Lab, 5230 Konnowac Pass Rd, Wapato, WA 98951 USA. EM llacey@yarl.ars.usda.gov NR 42 TC 31 Z9 35 U1 6 U2 25 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1049-9644 J9 BIOL CONTROL JI Biol. Control PD MAY PY 2006 VL 37 IS 2 BP 214 EP 223 DI 10.1016/j.biocontrol.2005.09.015 PG 10 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Entomology GA 031HB UT WOS:000236694200010 ER PT J AU Stojadinovic, A Moskovitz, O Gallimidi, Z Fields, S Brooks, AD Brem, R Mucciola, RN Singh, M Maniscalco-Theberge, M Rockette, HE Gur, D Shriver, CD AF Stojadinovic, Alexander Moskovitz, Orah Gallimidi, Zahava Fields, Scott Brooks, Ari D. Brem, Rachel Mucciola, Robert N. Singh, Mukul Maniscalco-Theberge, Mary Rockette, Howard E. Gur, David Shriver, Craig D. TI Prospective study of electrical impedance scanning for identifying young women at risk for breast cancer SO BREAST CANCER RESEARCH AND TREATMENT LA English DT Article DE electrical impedance; screening breast cancer ID SUSCEPTIBILITY GENE; SCREENING WOMEN; LYMPH-NODES; MAMMOGRAPHY; DIAGNOSIS; LESIONS; ULTRASOUND; SPECTROSCOPY; BENIGN; AGE AB Background. One way to improve the cost-benefit ratio for breast cancer screening in younger women is to identify those at high-risk of breast cancer and manage them in an optimal manner. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of Electrical Impedance Scanning (EIS) for identifying young women who are at risk for having breast cancer and should be followed with directed imaging technologies. Methods. A prospective, observational, two-arm, multi-site clinical trial was performed on women aged 30-45 years. The 'Sensitivity Arm' included Clinical Breast Examinations (CBE) and EIS (T-Scan (TM) 2000ED) on 189 women prior to scheduled breast biopsy. The 'Specificity Arm' included 1361 asymptomatic women visiting clinics for routine annual well-woman examination. Sensitivity and specificity were determined. Relative probability for a woman with a positive EIS examination was computed and compared with other approaches commonly used to define 'high-risk' in this population. Results. Fifty of 189 women in the Sensitivity arm had verified cancers, 19 of whom had positive EIS examination resulting in sensitivity of 38% (19/50). Of the 1361 women in the Specificity arm, 67 had positive EIS examination resulting in a specificity of 95% (1294/1361). The relative probability of a woman with a positive EIS examination was 7.68, which compares favorably with other established risk identifiers (e.g. two first-degree relatives with breast cancer or atypical ductal hyperplasia). Conclusion. EIS may have an important role as a screening tool for identifying young women that should be followed more closely with advanced imaging technologies for early detection of breast cancer. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Bnei Zion Hosp, Haifa, Israel. Rambam Med Ctr, Haifa, Israel. Hadassah Univ Hosp, IL-91120 Jerusalem, Israel. Drexel Univ, Coll Med, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. George Washington Univ, Washington, DC USA. E Hills Ob Gyn Clin, Johnstown, PA USA. Cornell Med Ctr, New York, NY USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA USA. Magee Womens Hosp, Pittsburgh, PA USA. RP Stojadinovic, A (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, 6900 Georgia Ave,Suite 5C27B NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM alexander.stojadinovic@na.amedd.army.mil NR 55 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING ST, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0167-6806 J9 BREAST CANCER RES TR JI Breast Cancer Res. Treat. PD MAY PY 2006 VL 97 IS 2 BP 179 EP 189 DI 10.1007/s10549-005-9109-4 PG 11 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 051VU UT WOS:000238190600010 PM 16491309 ER PT J AU Lin, MW Berman, JB Khoshbakht, M Feickert, CA Abatan, AO AF Lin, MW Berman, JB Khoshbakht, M Feickert, CA Abatan, AO TI Modeling of moisture migration in an FRP reinforced masonry structure SO BUILDING AND ENVIRONMENT LA English DT Article DE moisture migration; FRP composites; reinforced masonry structure ID COMPOSITES; CONCRETE AB The study of moisture migration in a layered structure made of distinct building materials is of great importance for the understanding of its hygrothermomechanical response and for the design consideration of long-term structural integrity and durability. Modeling of moisture migration in an fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) composite upgraded masonry structure is particularly necessary, since the interfacial adhesive between the reinforcing FRP laminate and the host masonry can be susceptible to moisture damages. In this study, a generic theoretical formulation based on the framework of the Fourier moisture diffusion model was developed for a layered structure. The resulting governing equation was expressed in terms of humidity potential state variable whose relation with the moisture content state variable of the constituent material was defined in the sorption isotherm material property. Finite element implementation of the humidity potential formulation was also carried out. The finite element humidity migration modeling scheme was then utilized to perform two case studies. It was shown that the moisture migration processes in a concrete slab with a reinforcing FRP laminate partially covering one surface as well as in an FRP reinforced URM unit with air cavity can be captured in details when these structures are subjected to outdoor/indoor isothermal humidity gradients. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Alabama, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA. Engn Res & Dev Ctr, Construct Engn Res Lab, Champaign, IL 61826 USA. Clark Atlanta Univ, Dept Engn, Atlanta, GA 30314 USA. RP Lin, MW (reprint author), Univ Alabama, Dept Mech & Aerosp Engn, Huntsville, AL 35899 USA. EM lin@mae.uah.edu NR 12 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 6 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0360-1323 J9 BUILD ENVIRON JI Build. Environ. PD MAY PY 2006 VL 41 IS 5 BP 646 EP 656 DI 10.1016/j.buildenv.2005.02.026 PG 11 WC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil SC Construction & Building Technology; Engineering GA 005MF UT WOS:000234826000011 ER PT J AU Pickard, SW Clarke, JU Lotufo, GR AF Pickard, SW Clarke, JU Lotufo, GR TI Bloavailability of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) from surficial Lake Erie sediments SO BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID FRESH-WATER OLIGOCHAETE; LUMBRICULUS-VARIEGATUS; BLACK CARBON; BIOACCUMULATION; EQUILIBRIUM; ADSORPTION; SORPTION; SOOT C1 USA, Corps Engineers, Buffalo, NY 14207 USA. USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Pickard, SW (reprint author), USA, Corps Engineers, 1776 Niagara St, Buffalo, NY 14207 USA. NR 18 TC 3 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0007-4861 J9 B ENVIRON CONTAM TOX JI Bull. Environ. Contam. Toxicol. PD MAY PY 2006 VL 76 IS 5 BP 791 EP 798 DI 10.1007/s00128-006-0989-8 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 053EZ UT WOS:000238289700007 PM 16786449 ER PT J AU Seifried, HE Seifried, RM Clarke, JJ Junghans, TB San, RHC AF Seifried, HE Seifried, RM Clarke, JJ Junghans, TB San, RHC TI A compilation of two decades of mutagenicity test results with the ames Salmonella typhimurium and L5178Y mouse lymphoma cell mutation assays SO CHEMICAL RESEARCH IN TOXICOLOGY LA English DT Article ID MAMMALIAN-MICROSOME ASSAY; CODED CHEMICALS; CARCINOGEN BIOASSAY; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; THYMIDINE KINASE; LOCUS MUTATIONS; TK+/-ASSAY; GENOTOXICITY; RESPONSES; DYES AB As previously reported [Cameron, T. P., Rogers-Back, A. M., Lawlor, T. E., Harbell, J. W., Seifried, H. E., and Dunkel, V. C. (1991) Gentoxicity of multifunctional acrylates in the Salmonella/mammalian-microsome assay and mouse lymphoma TK+/- assay. EnViron. Mol. Mutagen. 17, 264- 271], the National Cancer Institute (NCI) shares the responsibility of selecting the most significant chemicals for carcinogenicity testing by the National Toxicology Program (NTP) and has used data from Salmonella and mouse lymphoma mutagenicity assays to aid in the selection and prioritization of chemicals to be further evaluated in chronic 2 year rodent studies. In addition, a number of antineoplastic and anti-AIDS drugs in preclinical evaluation were tested for the NCI's Division of Cancer Treatment Toxicology Branch. In the NCI/NTP chemical selection process, it is no longer necessary to test chemicals prior to sending them to the NTP so the NCI program has ceased performing mutagenicity tests. Some of the testing data has been made available in summary form in the Chemical Carcinogenisis Research Information System (CCRIS), which is searchable on the NLM TOXNET system. The limitations in using this source are that only summary results are available and many negative test results are not included. A summary table that presents the results for each compound is provided in the Appendix with raw data provided in the Supporting Information. The Appendix table contains the compound name, CAS number, and a summary of the data from the Ames test and the mouse lymphoma assay. C1 NCI, Div Canc Prevent, NIH, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. Dwight D Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. Invitrogen Corp, BioReliance, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. Tech Resources Int Inc, Bethesda, MD 20817 USA. RP Seifried, HE (reprint author), NCI, Div Canc Prevent, NIH, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. NR 35 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0893-228X J9 CHEM RES TOXICOL JI Chem. Res. Toxicol. PD MAY PY 2006 VL 19 IS 5 BP 627 EP 644 DI 10.1021/tx0503552 PG 18 WC Chemistry, Medicinal; Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Toxicology SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy; Chemistry; Toxicology GA 043ID UT WOS:000237593500005 PM 16696565 ER PT J AU Riefler, RG Medina, VF AF Riefler, RG Medina, VF TI Phytotreatment of propellant contamination SO CHEMOSPHERE LA English DT Article DE nitroglycerine; 2,4-DNT; 2,4-dinitrotoluene; phytoremediation; grass ID BIODEGRADATION; NITROGLYCERIN; EXPLOSIVES; PLANTS; RDX AB Nitroglycerine (NG) and 2,4-dinitrotoluene (2,4-DNT) are propellants often found in soil and groundwater at military firing ranges. Because of the need for training with live ammunition, control or cleanup of these contaminants may be necessary for the continued use of these firing ranges. One inexpensive approach for managing sites exposed to these contaminants is the use phytoremedation, particularly using common or native grasses. In this study, the uptake of NG and 2,4-DNT from water by three common grasses, yellow nutsedge (Cyperus escalantus), yellow foxtail (Setaria glauca), and common rush (Juncus effusus), was investigated using hydroponic reactors. Rapid removal from solution by all grasses was observed, with yellow nutsedge removal rates being the highest. NG or 2,4-DNT accumulated in the tissues in all of the plants, except yellow foxtail did not accumulate NG. Higher concentrations were observed in killed roots, demonstrating the presence of plant-based enzymes actively transforming the contaminants. Yellow nutsedge was also grown in 2,4-DNT spiked soil. Significant uptake into the plants roots and leaves was observed and concentrations in the soil decreased rapidly, although 2,4-DNT concentration also decreased in the unplanted controls. In summary, the three grasses tested appear to be good candidates for phytoremediation of propellant contamination. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Ohio Univ, Dept Civil Engn, Stocker Ctr 141, Athens, OH 45701 USA. USA, Corps Engineers, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Riefler, RG (reprint author), Ohio Univ, Dept Civil Engn, Stocker Ctr 141, Athens, OH 45701 USA. EM riefler@ohio.edu; victor.f.medina@us.army.mil NR 23 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 1 U2 8 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0045-6535 J9 CHEMOSPHERE JI Chemosphere PD MAY PY 2006 VL 63 IS 6 BP 1054 EP 1059 DI 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2005.08.044 PG 6 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 047MB UT WOS:000237882300021 PM 16289221 ER PT J AU Jenkins, TF Hewitt, AD Grant, CL Thiboutot, S Ampleman, G Walsh, ME Ranney, TA Ramsey, CA Palazzo, AJ Pennington, JC AF Jenkins, T. F. Hewitt, A. D. Grant, C. L. Thiboutot, S. Ampleman, G. Walsh, M. E. Ranney, T. A. Ramsey, C. A. Palazzo, A. J. Pennington, J. C. TI Identity and distribution of residues of energetic compounds at army live-fire training ranges SO CHEMOSPHERE LA English DT Article DE explosives; propellants; training ranges; live-fire; energetic compounds; hand grenade ranges; artillery ranges; antitank ranges; soil contamination AB Environmental investigations have been conducted at 23 military firing ranges in the United States and Canada. The specific training facilities most frequently evaluated were hand grenade, antitank rocket, and artillery ranges. Energetic compounds (explosives and propellants) were determined and linked to the type of munition used and the major mechanisms of deposition. (C) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Engn Res & Dev Ctr, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. Def R&D Canada Valcartier, Valc, PQ G3J 1X5, Canada. Univ New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824 USA. Sci & Technol Corp, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. EnviroStat Inc, Ft Collins, CO 80522 USA. USA, Engn & Dev Ctr, Environm Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Jenkins, TF (reprint author), USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Engn Res & Dev Ctr, 7, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. EM Thomas.F.Jenkins@erdc.usace.army.mil NR 33 TC 77 Z9 78 U1 2 U2 23 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0045-6535 J9 CHEMOSPHERE JI Chemosphere PD MAY PY 2006 VL 63 IS 8 BP 1280 EP 1290 DI 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2005.09.066 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 049FU UT WOS:000238002200006 PM 16352328 ER PT J AU Lane, JE Balagon, MV Dela Cruz, EC Abalos, RM Tan, EV Cellona, RV Sadaya, PG Walsh, GP Walsh, DS AF Lane, JE Balagon, MV Dela Cruz, EC Abalos, RM Tan, EV Cellona, RV Sadaya, PG Walsh, GP Walsh, DS TI Mycobacterium leprae in untreated lepromatous leprosy: more than skin deep SO CLINICAL AND EXPERIMENTAL DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Letter C1 Mercer Univ, Dept Internal Med, Div Dermatol, Macon, GA 31207 USA. Leonard Wood Mem Ctr Leprosy Res, Cebu, Philippines. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Clin Trials, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP Lane, JE (reprint author), Mercer Univ, Dept Internal Med, Div Dermatol, Macon, GA 31207 USA. EM joshua.lane@lycos.com NR 4 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0307-6938 J9 CLIN EXP DERMATOL JI Clin. Exp. Dermatol. PD MAY PY 2006 VL 31 IS 3 BP 469 EP 470 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2230.2006.02075.x PG 2 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 025CH UT WOS:000236242400044 PM 16681612 ER PT J AU Ney, JP Difazio, M Sichani, A Monacci, W Foster, L Jabbari, B AF Ney, JP Difazio, M Sichani, A Monacci, W Foster, L Jabbari, B TI Treatment of chronic low back pain with successive injections of botulinum toxin a over 6 months - A prospective trial of 60 patients SO CLINICAL JOURNAL OF PAIN LA English DT Article DE botulinum toxin A; Botox; back pain; radicular pain ID MYOFASCIAL PAIN; DOUBLE-BLIND; MECHANISMS; DISORDERS; THERAPY; HISTORY AB Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of two successive neurotoxin treatments for chronic low back pain using multiple pain rating scales in an open-label, prospective study. Methods: Adult patients with chronic low back pain received multiple paraspinal muscle injections with a maximum dosing of 500 units of botulinum A toxin per session. Those with a beneficial clinical response received a second treatment at 4 months. Pain was assessed by visual analog scale (VAS), modified low back pain questionnaire (OLBPQ), and a clinical low back pain questionnaire (CLBPQ) at baseline, 3 weeks, 2 months, 4 months, and 6 months after the first treatment. Results: Eighteen women and 42 men, ages 21 to 79 years (mean 46.6 years), with low back pain of a mean duration of 9.1 years were included. Significant improvement in back and radicular pain occurred at 3 weeks in 60% and at 2 months in 58% of the cohort. Beneficial clinical response to the first injection predicted response to reinjection in 94%. A significant minority of patients had a sustained beneficial elect from the first injection at 4 (16.6%) and 6 months (8.3%). Two patients had a transient flulike reaction after the initial treatment. Conclusions: Botulinum toxin A improves refractory chronic low back pain with a low incidence of side effects. The beneficial clinical response is sustained with a second treatment. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Neurol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Neurol, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Univ Maryland, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Yale Univ, Dept Neurol, New Haven, CT USA. RP Ney, JP (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Neurol, 6900 Heorgia Ave NW,Bldg 2, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM John.Ney@na.amedd.army.mil NR 48 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 1 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0749-8047 J9 CLIN J PAIN JI Clin. J. Pain PD MAY PY 2006 VL 22 IS 4 BP 363 EP 369 DI 10.1097/01.ajp.0000174267.06993.3f PG 7 WC Anesthesiology; Clinical Neurology SC Anesthesiology; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 040KM UT WOS:000237377400007 PM 16691090 ER PT J AU Fontijn, A Shamsuddin, SM Crammond, D Marshall, P Anderson, WR AF Fontijn, A Shamsuddin, SM Crammond, D Marshall, P Anderson, WR TI Kinetics of the NH reaction with H-2 and reassessment of HNO formation from NH+CO2, H2O SO COMBUSTION AND FLAME LA English DT Article DE NH; HNO; high temperature; photochemistry reactor; propellant dark zones; rate coefficients; kinetics models; ab initio calculations ID 193 NM PHOTOLYSIS; THERMAL-DECOMPOSITION; O(P-3)+N2O REACTION; AMMONIA; NO; COMBUSTION; MECHANISM; REDUCTION; PYROLYSIS; CHEMISTRY AB The reaction of Mund-state NH with H-2 has been studied in a high-temperature photochemistry (HTP) reactor. The NH(X-3 Sigma) radicals were generated by the 2-photon 193 nm photolysis of NH3, following the decay of the originally produced NH(A(3)Pi) radicals. Laser-induced fluorescence on the NH(A(3)Pi-X-3 Sigma 0, 0) transition at 336 nut was used to monitor the progress of the reaction. We obtained k (833-1432 K) = 3.5 x 10(-11) exp(-7758 K/T) cm(3) molecule(-1) s(-1), with +/- 2 sigma precision limits varying from 12 to 33% and corresponding accuracy levels from 23 to 39%. This result is in excellent agreement with that of Rohrig and Wagner [Proc. Combust. Inst. 25 (1994) 975] and the data sets can be combined to yield k (833-1685 K) = 4.4 x 10(-11) exp(-8142 KIT). Starting with this agreement, it is argued that their rate coefficients for NH + CO2 could not be significantly in error [Proc. Combust. Inst. 25 (1994) 975]. This, combined with models of several Combustion systems. indicates that HNO + CO cannot be the products, contrary to their Suggestion [Proc. Combust. Inst. 25 (1994) 975]. Ab initio calculations have been performed which confirm this conclusion by showing the barriers leading to these products to be too high compared to the measured activation energies. The calculations indicate the likelihood of formation of adducts, of low stability. These then may undergo further reactions. The NH + H2O reaction is briefly discussed and it is similarly argued that HNO + H-2 cannot be the products, as had been previously suggested. (c) 2006 The Combustion Institute. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Rensselaer Polytech Inst, High Temp React Kinet Lab, Isermann Dept Chem & Biol Engn, Troy, NY 12180 USA. Univ N Texas, Dept Chem, Denton, TX 76203 USA. USA, Res Lab, AMSRD, ARL,WM,BD, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Fontijn, A (reprint author), Rensselaer Polytech Inst, High Temp React Kinet Lab, Isermann Dept Chem & Biol Engn, Troy, NY 12180 USA. EM fontia@rpi.edu; marshall@unt.edu; willie@arl.army.mil NR 39 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 3 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0010-2180 J9 COMBUST FLAME JI Combust. Flame PD MAY PY 2006 VL 145 IS 3 BP 543 EP 551 DI 10.1016/j.combustflame.2005.12.012 PG 9 WC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering, Multidisciplinary; Engineering, Chemical; Engineering, Mechanical SC Thermodynamics; Energy & Fuels; Engineering GA 044QZ UT WOS:000237688700009 ER PT J AU Barbero, EJ Trovillion, J Mayugo, JA Sikkil, KK AF Barbero, EJ Trovillion, J Mayugo, JA Sikkil, KK TI Finite element modeling of plain weave fabrics from photomicrograph measurements SO COMPOSITE STRUCTURES LA English DT Article DE composite; fabric; modeling; experimental; plain weave; optical; geometry; microstructure ID 3-DIMENSIONAL MICROMECHANICAL ANALYSIS; PERIODIC MICROSTRUCTURE; COMPOSITES; WOVEN; STIFFNESS; STRENGTH; BEHAVIOR; FORMULAS; FAILURE AB The aim of this work is to develop accurate finite element models of plain weave fabrics to determine their mechanical properties. This work also aims at developing a method for describing the internal geometry from actual measurements of tow geometry made oil photomicrographs of sectioned laminates. The geometric models needed for finite element discretization of the plain weave fabrics are developed for a variety of plain-weave reinforced laminates for which experimental data is available in the literature. These include single lamina composites from three sources, as well as laminates in iso-phase and out-of-phase configurations. The procedures to determine all the elastic moduli using iso-strain, iso-stress, and chissical lamination theory are presented. Comparisons with experimental data and with predictions using the periodic microstructure model are provided in order to support the validity of the proposed models. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 W Virginia Univ, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. USA, Construct Engn Res Lab, Champaign, IL 61824 USA. Univ Girona, Girona, Spain. RP Barbero, EJ (reprint author), W Virginia Univ, 325 ESB, Morgantown, WV 26505 USA. EM ever.barbero@mail.wvu.edu RI Mayugo, Joan Andreu/C-3772-2009; AMADE Research Group, AMADE/B-6537-2014; Balanzat, Josep Costa/C-1017-2014 OI Mayugo, Joan Andreu/0000-0001-8210-3529; AMADE Research Group, AMADE/0000-0002-5778-3291; NR 21 TC 36 Z9 46 U1 0 U2 11 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0263-8223 J9 COMPOS STRUCT JI Compos. Struct. PD MAY PY 2006 VL 73 IS 1 BP 41 EP 52 DI 10.1016/j.compstruct.2005.01.030 PG 12 WC Materials Science, Composites SC Materials Science GA 029JE UT WOS:000236557700004 ER PT J AU Johnson, T Arnaud, F Dong, F Philbin, N Rice, J Asher, L Arrisueno, M Warndorf, M Gurney, J McGwin, G Kaplan, L Flournoy, WS Apple, FS Pearce, LB Ahlers, S McCarron, R Freilich, D AF Johnson, T Arnaud, F Dong, F Philbin, N Rice, J Asher, L Arrisueno, M Warndorf, M Gurney, J McGwin, G Kaplan, L Flournoy, WS Apple, FS Pearce, LB Ahlers, S McCarron, R Freilich, D TI Bovine polymerized hemoglobin (hemoglobin-based oxygen carrier-201) resuscitation in three swine models of hemorrhagic shock with militarily relevant delayed evacuation - Effects on histopathology and organ function SO CRITICAL CARE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE hemoglobin-based oxygen carrier; HBOC-201; hemorrhagic shock; resuscitation; histopathology; organ function ID ISCHEMIA-REPERFUSION INJURY; MYOCARDIAL LESIONS; TISSUE OXYGENATION; TRAUMA SYSTEM; LIVER-INJURY; VOLUME RESUSCITATION; BLOOD SUBSTITUTES; HETASTARCH HEX; HBOC-201; DOGS AB Objective: To test our hypothesis that hemoglobin-based oxygen carrier (HBOC)-201 resuscitation in hemorrhagic shock (HS) will not lead to increased organ injury and dysfunction. Design: Three swine HS models simulating military-relevant delayed evacuation: a) moderate controlled HS, b) severe controlled HS, and c) severe uncontrolled HS. Setting: Military research laboratory. Subjects: Swine. Interventions: Swine were anesthetized/intubated and instrumented. To induce HS, in two controlled hemorrhage experiments, 40% (moderate controlled HS) or 55% (severe controlled HS) of blood volume was withdrawn; in an uncontrolled HS experiment, the liver was crushed/lacerated. During a 4-hr "prehospital phase," pigs were resuscitated with HBOC-201 (HBOC) or Hextend (HEX) or were non-resuscitated (NON). Upon "hospital arrival," liver injury was repaired (severe uncontrolled HS), blood or saline was infused, hemodynamics were monitored, and blood was collected. Upon animal death and/or 72 hrs, necropsy was followed by histopathologic evaluation of organ injury (hematoxylin and eosin, electron microscopy) and immunohistochemistry of oxidative potential (3-nitrotyrosine). Significance (p < .05) was assessed by Kruskal-Wallis, analysis of variance/Bonferroni, and mixed procedure tests. Measurements and Main Results: Survival was significantly higher with HBOC than HEX only with severe uncontrolled HS (p = .002). Myocardial necrosis/fibroplasia, fluid requirements, cardiac output, and cardiac enzymes were generally similar or lower in HBOC than HEX pigs, but creatine kinase-MB (but not creatine kinase-MB/creatine kinase ratio) was higher With HBOC in moderate controlled HS. Alveolar/interstitial pulmonary edema was similar with HBOC and HEX, but PO2 was higher with HBOC in severe uncontrolled HS. Jejunal villar epithelial and hepatocellular necrosis were similarly minimal to moderate in all groups. Minimal biliary changes occurred exclusively with HBOC. Aspartate aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, and alkaline phosphatase were generally higher with HBOC than HEX. Mild renal papillary injury occurred more frequently with HBOC, but consistent patterns for urine output, blood ureal nitrogen, and creatinine, were not seen. The 3-nitrotyrosine staining intensity was not different. Conclusions: In comparison with hetastarch, HBOC-201 resuscitation of swine with HS increased survival (with severe HS), did not increase evidence of oxidative potential, and had histopathologic and/or functional effects on organs that were clinically equivocal (myocardium, lungs, hepatic parenchyma, jejunum, and renal cortex/medulla) and potentially adverse (hepatobiliary and renal papilla). The effects of HBOC-201-resuscitation in HS should be corroborated in controlled clinical trials. C1 USN, Med Res Ctr, Res Serv, Silver Spring, MD 20903 USA. USN, Combat Casualty Directorates, Silver Spring, MD 20903 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Pathol, Silver Spring, MD USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Vet Surg, Silver Spring, MD USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Univ Alabama, Dept Surg, Birmingham, AL 35294 USA. Yale Univ, Sch Med, Dept Surg, New Haven, CT 06510 USA. Hennepin Cty Med Ctr, Minneapolis, MN 55415 USA. Univ Minnesota, Dept Lab Med & Pathol, Minneapolis, MN 55455 USA. Biopure Corp, Cambridge, MA USA. RP Johnson, T (reprint author), USN, Med Res Ctr, Res Serv, Silver Spring, MD 20903 USA. NR 61 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 2 U2 6 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0090-3493 J9 CRIT CARE MED JI Crit. Care Med. PD MAY PY 2006 VL 34 IS 5 BP 1464 EP 1474 DI 10.1097/01.CCM.0000215824.85190.89 PG 11 WC Critical Care Medicine SC General & Internal Medicine GA 038PV UT WOS:000237235900024 PM 16540964 ER PT J AU Chiang, PK Bujnicki, JM Su, XZ Lanar, DE AF Chiang, Peter K. Bujnicki, Janusz M. Su, Xinzhuan Lanar, David E. TI Malaria: Therapy, genes and vaccines SO CURRENT MOLECULAR MEDICINE LA English DT Review ID PARASITE PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM; REDUCTASE-THYMIDYLATE SYNTHASE; APICAL MEMBRANE ANTIGEN-1; S-ADENOSYLHOMOCYSTEINE HYDROLASE; TRANSMISSION-BLOCKING VACCINE; MEROZOITE SURFACE PROTEIN-1; ANTIMALARIAL-DRUG DISCOVERY; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; L-HOMOCYSTEINE HYDROLASE; BLOOD-STAGE VACCINE AB Malaria kills over 3,000 children each day. Modern molecular and biochemical approaches are being used to help understand and control Plasmodium falciparum, the parasite that causes this deadly disease. New drugs are being invented for both chemoprophylaxis and therapeutic treatments and their use is discussed along side that of the more commonly used treatments. Classical genetic crosses coupled with molecular analysis of gene loci are use to explain the genetics behind the development of specific drug resistances that the parasites have naturally developed. Rapid advances in DNA sequencing techniques have allowed the compete sequencing of the P. falciparum and several other rodent malaria parasite genomes. Proteomics and computational analysis of these vast databanks are being used to model and investigate the three-dimensional structure of many key malaria proteins in an attempt to facilitate drug design. Recombinant protein expression in bacteria and yeast coupled with cGMP purification technologies and conditions have lead to the recent availability of several dozen malaria protein antigens for human-use Phase I and Phase 11 vaccine trials. Drug companies, private foundations, and key government agencies have contributed to the coordinated efforts needed to test these antigens, adjuvants and delivery methods in an effort to find an effective malaria vaccine that will prevent infection and disease. C1 Pharmadyn Inc, Sunnyvale, CA 94085 USA. Int Inst Mol & Cell Biol, PL-02109 Warsaw, Poland. Adam Mickiewicz Univ Poznan, Inst Mol Biol & Biotechnol, PL-61614 Poznan, Poland. NIAID, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Chiang, PK (reprint author), Pharmadyn Inc, 525 Del Rey Ave, Sunnyvale, CA 94085 USA. EM pkchiang@sbcglobal.net RI Lanar, David/B-3560-2011; OI Su, Xinzhuan/0000-0003-3246-3248 NR 159 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 1 PU BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBL LTD PI SHARJAH PA EXECUTIVE STE Y26, PO BOX 7917, SAIF ZONE, 1200 BR SHARJAH, U ARAB EMIRATES SN 1566-5240 J9 CURR MOL MED JI Curr. Mol. Med. PD MAY PY 2006 VL 6 IS 3 BP 309 EP 326 DI 10.2174/156652406776894545 PG 18 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Research & Experimental Medicine GA 044ZX UT WOS:000237713500003 PM 16712477 ER PT J AU Ulrich, RL Ulrich, MP Schell, MA Kim, HS DeShazer, D AF Ulrich, RL Ulrich, MP Schell, MA Kim, HS DeShazer, D TI Development of a polymerase chain reaction assay for the specific identification of Burkholderia mallei and differentiation from Burkholderia pseudomallei and other closely related Burkholderiaceae SO DIAGNOSTIC MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASE LA English DT Article DE Burkholderia; glanders; melioidosis; PCR ID ACTIN-BASED MOTILITY; TIME PCR ASSAYS; RAPID IDENTIFICATION; B.-MALLEI; API 20NE; THAILANDENSIS; MELIOIDOSIS; GENES; SEQUENCE; SYSTEMS AB Burkholderia mallei and Burkholderia pseudomallei, the etiologic agents responsible for glanders and melioidosis, respectively, are genetically and phenotypically similar and are category B biothreat agents. We used an in silico approach to compare the B. mallei ATCC 23344 and B. pseudomallei K96243 genomes to identify nucleotide sequences unique to B. mallei. Five distinct B. mallei DNA sequences and/or genes were identified and evaluated for polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay development. Genomic DNAs from a collection of 31 B. mallei and 34 B. pseudomallei isolates, obtained from various geographic, clinical, and environmental sources over a 70-year period, were tested with PCR primers targeted for each of the B. mallei ATCC 23344-specific nucleotide sequences. Of the 5 chromosomal targets analyzed, only PCR primers designed to bimA(Bm) were specific for B. mallei. These primers were used to develop a rapid PCR assay for the definitive identification of B. mallei and differentiation from all other bacteria. (c) 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Bacteriol Div, Ft Detrick, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Diagnost Syst Div, Ft Detrick, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. Univ Georgia, Dept Microbiol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. Univ Georgia, Dept Plant Pathol, Athens, GA 30602 USA. Inst Genom Res, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. RP DeShazer, D (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Bacteriol Div, Ft Detrick, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. EM david.deshazer@amedd.army.mil FU NIAID NIH HHS [Y1-AI-5004-01] NR 35 TC 23 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0732-8893 J9 DIAGN MICR INFEC DIS JI Diagn. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. PD MAY PY 2006 VL 55 IS 1 BP 37 EP 45 DI 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2005.11.007 PG 9 WC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 047XA UT WOS:000237910800006 PM 16546342 ER PT J AU Sanchez, JL Todd, CS Bautista, CT Botros, BAE Khakimov, MM Giyasova, GM Yakubov, SK Abdulaeva, MA Saad, MD Graham, RR Carr, JK Earhart, KC AF Sanchez, JL Todd, CS Bautista, CT Botros, BAE Khakimov, MM Giyasova, GM Yakubov, SK Abdulaeva, MA Saad, MD Graham, RR Carr, JK Earhart, KC TI High HIV prevalence and risk factors among injection drug users in Tashkent, Uzbekistan, 2003-2004 SO DRUG AND ALCOHOL DEPENDENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 16th Biennial Meeting of the International-Society-for-Sexually-Transmitted-Diseases-Research CY JUL 11, 2005 CL Amsterdam, NETHERLANDS SP Int Soc Sexually Transmitted Dis Res DE HIV; injection drugs; prevalence; risk factors; Uzbekistan ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; INFECTION AB Objectives: To determine HIV prevalence and potential associations with sociodemographic and behavioral factors among injection drug users (IDUs) in Tashkent, Uzbekistan. Methods: Subjects in this cross-sectional study provided sociodemograpfiic and risk behavior data and were tested for HIV antibody with a saliva-based enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), followed by saliva-based Western blot confirmation. Results: Among the 701 IDU subjects enrolled, 209 (29.8%) were diagnosed with HIV infection. HIV infection was more likely among those unemployed (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 1.47); whose first drug of abuse was heroin (AOR=2.21) or opium poppy extract (AOR 1.61); with a prior history of hepatitis (AOR = 1.39); and those who reported never using condoms (AOR = 1.65). Independent risk factors associated with HIV infection were heroin as the first illicit drug of abuse, prior hepatitis, lack of condom use, and unemployment. Conclusions: Heroin use, sexual transmission, and high unemployment seem to play important roles in HIV transmission. Implementation of effective harm reduction strategies is critical to control the expansion of the HIV epidemic in this country as well as in this region. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Anteon Corp, Frederick, MD 21703 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, Dept Family & Prevent Med, Div Int Hlth & Cross Cultural Med, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, US Mil HIV Res Program, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. Henry M Jackson Fdn Adv Mil Med Inc, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. USN, Med Res Unit 3, Virol Res Program, Cairo, Egypt. Republ Uzbekistan Ctr AIDS Prevent & Control, Tashkent 700135, Uzbekistan. Bechtel Natl Corp, Mclean, VA 22102 USA. Inst Human Virol, Baltimore, MD USA. RP Sanchez, JL (reprint author), Anteon Corp, 321 Ballenger Ctr Dr,Suite 200, Frederick, MD 21703 USA. EM jlsanchez@anteon.com RI Bautista, Christian/B-2812-2011; Saad, Magdi/H-5561-2013 OI Saad, Magdi/0000-0003-2111-8115 NR 28 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD PI CLARE PA ELSEVIER HOUSE, BROOKVALE PLAZA, EAST PARK SHANNON, CO, CLARE, 00000, IRELAND SN 0376-8716 J9 DRUG ALCOHOL DEPEN JI Drug Alcohol Depend. PD MAY PY 2006 VL 82 SU 1 BP S15 EP S22 DI 10.1016/S0376-8716(06)80003-7 PG 8 WC Substance Abuse; Psychiatry SC Substance Abuse; Psychiatry GA 047AH UT WOS:000237851700003 PM 16769440 ER PT J AU Cohen, GL Klingner, RE Hayes, JR Sweeney, SC AF Cohen, GL Klingner, RE Hayes, JR Sweeney, SC TI Seismic evaluation of low-rise reinforced masonry buildings with flexible diaphragms: III. Synthesis and application SO EARTHQUAKE SPECTRA LA English DT Article AB This paper outlines the last two phases of a joint research study performed by the University of Texas at Austin and the U.S. Army Corp of Engineers, Construction Engineering Research Laboratory, Engineer Research and Development Center (CERL). The study coordinates and synthesizes experimental testing, analytical modeling, practical implementation, and real-world application to enhance FEMA-310, the predominant seismic evaluation methodology for low-rise reinforced masonry buildings with flexible diaphragms. In earlier phases of study, conclusions from shaking-table testing, quasi-static testing, and analytical modeling were used to develop a simple toot for the seismic analysis of these types of buildings. In this paper, the tool is developed in the context of performance-based earthquake engineering into a supplementary evaluation methodology intended to fill a gap in FEMA-310. The toot is applied to four existing buildings and ultimately shown to be simple, useful, and necessary. C1 Univ Texas, Dept Civil Engn, Austin, TX 78712 USA. USA, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Champaign, IL 61826 USA. Natl Inst Stand & Technol, Natl Earthquake Hazards Reduct Program, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. NR 27 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 3 PU EARTHQUAKE ENGINEERING RESEARCH INSTITUTE PI OAKLAND PA 499 14TH ST, STE 320, OAKLAND, CA 94612-1934 USA SN 8755-2930 J9 EARTHQ SPECTRA JI Earthq. Spectra PD MAY PY 2006 VL 22 IS 2 BP 329 EP 347 DI 10.1193/1.219279 PG 19 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Geological SC Engineering GA 054KS UT WOS:000238376100003 ER PT J AU Tang, ZJ Butkus, MA Xie, YFF AF Tang, ZJ Butkus, MA Xie, YFF TI The effects of various factors on ballast water treatment using crumb rubber filtration: Statistic analysis SO ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference of the Association-of-Environmental-Engineering-and-Science-Professors CY JUL, 2005 CL Clarkson Univ, Potsdam, NY SP Assoc Environm Engn Sci Professors HO Clarkson Univ DE ballast water; crumb rubber; filtration; plankton; waste tires AB Removal of turbidity, phytoplankton, and zooplankton from ballast water with waste-tire-made crumb rubber filtration was evaluated in this study. The influences of various design, operational, and water quality parameters (filter depth, media size, filtration rate, temperature, turbidity, running time, etc.) on filtration performance were investigated. Statistical approaches were used to develop empirical models, including a head loss model which partially resembles the Kozeny equation, to evaluate these factors. Regression models, validated with data from the field study, were used for predicting the influence of operational parameters on crumb rubber filtration. Sensitivity analyses of the significance of each factor were conducted. Results showed that media size played a very important role in the removal of suspended matter, while temperature, filter depth, influent turbidity, and running time did not have a significant influence. Head loss was most affected by filtration rate and media size. These results indicated that the behaviors of the crumb rubber filtration for ballast water treatment cannot be described by the theories and models for conventional granular media filtration without modification. C1 Penn State Harrisburg, Environm Engn Program, Sci & Bldg, Middletown, PA 17057 USA. US Mil Acad, Dept Geog & Environm Engn, West Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Xie, YFF (reprint author), Penn State Harrisburg, Environm Engn Program, Sci & Bldg, TL175,775 W Harrisburg Pike, Middletown, PA 17057 USA. EM yxx4@psu.edu NR 20 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 4 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1092-8758 J9 ENVIRON ENG SCI JI Environ. Eng. Sci. PD MAY-JUN PY 2006 VL 23 IS 3 BP 561 EP 569 DI 10.1089/ees.2006.23.561 PG 9 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 059PQ UT WOS:000238745100015 ER PT J AU Kuperman, RG Checkai, RT Simini, M Phillips, CT Kolakowski, JE Kurnas, CW AF Kuperman, Roman G. Checkai, Ronald T. Simini, Michael Phillips, Carlton T. Kolakowski, Jan E. Kurnas, Carl W. TI Toxicities of dinitrotoluenes and trinitrobenzene freshly amended or weathered and aged in a sandy loam soil to Enchytraeus crypticus SO ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE nitroaromatic explosives; weathering/aging; natural soil; enchytraeid worm ID EARTHWORM EISENIA-ANDREI; HETEROCYCLIC EXPLOSIVES RDX; REPRODUCTION TEST; 2,4,6-TRINITROTOLUENE TNT; ENERGETIC COMPOUNDS; FOLSOMIA-CANDIDA; FIRING-RANGE; FOREST SOIL; HMX; OLIGOCHAETA AB Scientifically based ecological soil-screening levels are needed to identify concentrations of contaminant energetic materials (EMs) in soil that present an acceptable ecological risk at a wide range of military installations. Insufficient information regarding the toxicity of 2,4-dinitrotoluene (2,4-DNT), 2,6-dinitrotoluene (2,6-DNT), and 1,3,5-trinitrobenzene (TNB) to soil invertebrates necessitated toxicity testing. We adapted the standardized Enchytraeid Reproduction Test (International Standardization Organization 16387:2003) and selected Enchytraeus crypticus for these studies. Tests were conducted in Sassafras sandy loam soil, which supports relatively high bioavailability of nitroaromatic EMs. Weathering and aging procedures for EMs amended to test soil were incorporated into the study design to produce toxicity data that better reflect the soil exposure conditions in the field compared with toxicity in freshly amended soils. This included exposing hydrated, EM-amended soils in open glass containers in the greenhouse to alternating wetting and drying cycles. Definitive tests established that the order of EM toxicity to E. crypticus based on the median effect concentration values for juvenile production in either freshly amended or weathered and aged treatments was (from the greatest to least toxicity) TNB > 2,4-DNT > 2,6-DNT. Toxicity to E. crypticus juvenile production was significantly increased in 2,6-DNT weathered and aged soil treatments compared with toxicity in freshly amended soil, based on 95% confidence intervals. This result shows that future investigations should include a weathering and aging component to generate toxicity data that provide more complete information regarding ecotoxicological effects of energetic contaminants in soil. C1 USA, Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Kuperman, RG (reprint author), USA, Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, 5183 Blackhawk Rd, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM roman.kuperman@us.army.mil RI Kuperman, Roman/D-4297-2009 NR 42 TC 6 Z9 8 U1 1 U2 6 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0730-7268 J9 ENVIRON TOXICOL CHEM JI Environ. Toxicol. Chem. PD MAY PY 2006 VL 25 IS 5 BP 1368 EP 1375 DI 10.1897/05-475R1.1 PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Toxicology GA 082GB UT WOS:000240373600026 PM 16704071 ER PT J AU Armstrong, DW Hatfield, BD AF Armstrong, DW Hatfield, BD TI Hormonal responses to opioid receptor blockade during rest and exercise in cold and hot environments SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE exercise; men; cold; heat; naloxone; opioid receptors ID PLASMA BETA-ENDORPHIN; GROWTH-HORMONE; ADRENOCORTICOTROPIC HORMONE; ENDOGENOUS OPIOIDS; TREADMILL EXERCISE; PERCEIVED EXERTION; MUSCLE METABOLISM; GRADED-EXERCISE; BLOOD-PRESSURE; NALOXONE AB Opioid receptors appear to modulate a variety of physiological and metabolic homeostatic responses to stressors such as exercise and thermally extreme environments. To more accurately determine the role of the naloxone (NAL) sensitive opioid receptor system during rest and exercise, subjects were subjected to concomitant environmental thermal stress. Fifteen untrained men rested or performed low intensity (60% VO2peak) or high intensity (80% VO2peak) exercise on a cycle ergometer for 60 min in an environmental chamber during cold (0 degrees C) hot (35 degrees C) air exposure while receiving an infusion of normal saline (SAL) or NAL (0.1 mg kg(-1)). Plasma adrenocorticotropin hormone (ACTH), immunoreactive beta-endorphin (IBE), cortisol and growth hormone were measured at baseline and every 15 min while in the chamber. Time to exhaustion was significantly reduced during high intensity exercise in the heat (P< 0.0001). NAL significantly (P= 0.0004) reduced the time to exhaustion (38.3 +/- 2.1 min) during high intensity exercise in the heat compared to SAL (49.4 +/- 2.1 min). ACTH and IBE increased during hot conditions and cold attenuated this response. Plasma concentrations of IBE, ACTH, and growth hormone increased significantly with NAL during high intensity exercise in the heat compared to SAL. Cold attenuated the response of ACTH, IBE and cortisol to NAL. NAL administration exaggerates plasma hormone concentration during high intensity exercise in the heat, but not cold. These results support a regulatory effect of the opioid receptor system on physiological responses during exercise in thermally stressful environments. Future research should be directed to more clearly de. ning the effect of environmental temperature on the mechanism of hypothalamic pituitary - adrenal hormonal release during exercise and hot environmental temperatures. C1 Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Dept Internal Med, Endocrinol Clin, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Univ Maryland, Dept Kinesiol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Armstrong, DW (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Deployment Hlth Clin Ctr, Bldg 2,3G04,6900 Georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM david.armstrong@na.amedd.army.mil NR 67 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 1439-6319 J9 EUR J APPL PHYSIOL JI Eur. J. Appl. Physiol. PD MAY PY 2006 VL 97 IS 1 BP 43 EP 51 DI 10.1007/s00421-006-0135-7 PG 9 WC Physiology; Sport Sciences SC Physiology; Sport Sciences GA 035AW UT WOS:000236973200006 PM 16468062 ER PT J AU Simon, D Simon, DL AF Simon, Dan Simon, Donald L. TI Kalman filter constraint switching for turbofan engine health estimation SO EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CONTROL LA English DT Article DE estimation; gas turbine engines; Kalman filter; quadratic programming; residuals; state constraints ID STATE ESTIMATION AB Kalman filters are often used to estimate the state variables of a dynamic system. However, in the application of Kalman filters some known signal information is often either ignored or dealt with heuristically. For instance, state variable constraints (which may be based on physical considerations) are often neglected because they do not fit easily into the structure of the Kalman filter. Recently published work has shown a new method for incorporating state variable inequality constraints in the Kalman filter. The resultant filter is a combination of a standard Kalman filter and a quadratic programming problem. The incorporation of state variable constraints has been shown to generally improve the filters estimation accuracy. However, the incorporation of inequality constraints poses some risk to the estimation accuracy. After all, the Kalman filter is theoretically optimal, so the incorporation of heuristic constraints may degrade the optimality of the filter. This paper proposes a way to switch the filter constraints so that the state estimates follow the unconstrained (theoretically optimal) filter when the confidence in the unconstrained filter is high. When confidence in the unconstrained filter is not so high, then we use our heuristic knowledge to constrain the state estimates. The confidence measure is based on the agreement of measurement residuals with their theoretical values. If some measurement residuals are low, and those residuals are highly sensitive to a given state, then we are confident that the unconstrained estimate of that state is correct. Otherwise, we incorporate our heuristic knowledge as state constraints. The algorithm is demonstrated on a linearized simulation of a turbofan engine to estimate engine health. C1 Cleveland State Univ, Cleveland, OH 44115 USA. USA, Res Lab, NASA Glenn Res Ctr, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA. RP Simon, D (reprint author), Cleveland State Univ, Stilwell Hall Room 332,2121 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44115 USA. EM d.j.simon@csuohio.edu NR 23 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 2 U2 4 PU LAVOISIER PI CACHAN PA 14, RUE DE PROVIGNY, 94236 CACHAN, FRANCE SN 0947-3580 J9 EUR J CONTROL JI Eur. J. Control PD MAY-JUN PY 2006 VL 12 IS 3 BP 331 EP 343 DI 10.3166/ejc.12.341-343 PG 13 WC Automation & Control Systems SC Automation & Control Systems GA 104ND UT WOS:000241964200009 ER PT J AU Fried, M Domingo, GJ Gowda, CD Mutabingwa, TK Duffy, PE AF Fried, Michal Domingo, Gonzalo J. Gowda, Channe D. Mutabingwa, Theonest K. Duffy, Patrick E. TI Plasmodium falciparum: Chondroitin sulfate A is the major receptor for adhesion of parasitized erythrocytes in the placenta SO EXPERIMENTAL PARASITOLOGY LA English DT Article DE placental malaria; Plasmodium falciparum; adhesion; CSA, chondroitin sulfate A; HA, hyaluronic acid; non-immune IgG ID INFECTED ERYTHROCYTES; HYALURONIC-ACID; DISTINCT ADHESIVE; PREGNANT-WOMEN; MALARIA; ANTIBODIES; ADHERENCE; BINDING; IGG; BLOOD AB Plasmodium falciparum parasites that sequester in the placenta bind to the molecule chondroitin sulfate A (CSA). Women become resistant to malaria during pregnancy as they acquire antibodies that inhibit parasite adhesion to CSA, suggesting that a vaccine against placental malaria is feasible. Hyaluronic acid (HA) and non-immune IgG have also been proposed as receptors for P. falciparum adhesion in the placenta, but evidence for their roles is inconclusive. In this study, CSA, HA, and IgG were simultaneously assessed for their relative contributions to placental adhesion. Placental parasites collected in Tanzania uniformly adhered to the molecule CSA, and soluble CSA completely inhibited adhesion of most samples to placental cryosections. Three of 46 placental parasite samples also adhered to immobilized HA, but HA failed to inhibit adhesion of any placental parasites to placental cryosections. Similarly, non-immune IgG and protein A failed to inhibit adhesion of parasite samples to placental cryosection. P. falciparum adhesion in the placenta appears to be a non-redundant process that requires CSA as a receptor. Vaccines that elicit functional antibodies against CSA-binding parasites may confer resistance to pregnancy malaria. (c) 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Seattle Biomed Res Inst, Seattle, WA USA. Penn State Univ, Coll Med, Hershey, PA USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP Fried, M (reprint author), Seattle Biomed Res Inst, Seattle, WA USA. EM michal.fried@sbri.org RI Gowda, Chethan/N-8469-2015 OI Gowda, Chethan/0000-0002-3726-0477 FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI52059] NR 25 TC 53 Z9 54 U1 0 U2 7 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0014-4894 J9 EXP PARASITOL JI Exp. Parasitol. PD MAY PY 2006 VL 113 IS 1 BP 36 EP 42 DI 10.1016/j.exppara.2005.12.003 PG 7 WC Parasitology SC Parasitology GA 041FX UT WOS:000237440600006 PM 16430888 ER PT J AU Canby-Hagino, ED Brand, TC Hernandez, J Thompson, IM AF Canby-Hagino, ED Brand, TC Hernandez, J Thompson, IM TI Chemoprevention of prostate cancer with finasteride SO EXPERT OPINION ON PHARMACOTHERAPY LA English DT Review DE 5 alpha-reductase; chemoprevention; finasteride; prostate cancer ID ENDOGENOUS SEX-HORMONES; PREVENTION TRIAL PCPT; 5-ALPHA-REDUCTASE INHIBITOR; AFRICAN-AMERICAN; ANTIGEN LEVELS; MEN; HYPERPLASIA; RISK; RATS; DIHYDROTESTOSTERONE AB Prostate cancer is a significant cause of disease and death, making it an attractive target for chemoprevention. The association between lifetime exposure to dihydrotestosterone and risk of developing prostate cancer suggests that chemoprevention is possible with 5 alpha-reductase inhibition. The recently completed Prostate Cancer Prevention Trial indicates that chemoprevention is possible with the 5 alpha-reductase inhibitor finasteride. Development of a cost-effective chemoprevention strategy for prostate cancer is evolving, and is expected to have significant positive economic and public health benefits. C1 Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Urol, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. EM canbyhagino@uthscsa.edu NR 57 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASHLEY PUBLICATIONS LTD PI LONDON PA TELEPHONE HOUSE, 69-77 PAUL STREET, LONDON EC2A 4LQ, ENGLAND SN 1465-6566 J9 EXPERT OPIN PHARMACO JI Expert Opin. Pharmacother. PD MAY PY 2006 VL 7 IS 7 BP 899 EP 905 DI 10.1517/14656566.7.7.899 PG 7 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 042CS UT WOS:000237505500006 PM 16634712 ER PT J AU Parker, J Sinaii, N Segars, J Godoy, H Winkel, C Stratton, P AF Parker, Jason Sinaii, Ninet Segars, James Godoy, Heidi Winkel, Craig Stratton, Pamela TI Reply: Dissecting and temporarily resuspending the adherent ovary SO FERTILITY AND STERILITY LA English DT Letter C1 [Parker, Jason; Segars, James; Stratton, Pamela] NIH, Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Natl Naval Med Ctr, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Parker, Jason; Sinaii, Ninet; Segars, James; Godoy, Heidi; Stratton, Pamela] NICHHD, Reprod Biol & Med Branch, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. [Parker, Jason; Segars, James] Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. [Winkel, Craig] Georgetown Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Washington, DC 20007 USA. RP Parker, J (reprint author), NIH, Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Natl Naval Med Ctr, Bldg 10, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. NR 3 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0015-0282 J9 FERTIL STERIL JI Fertil. Steril. PD MAY PY 2006 VL 85 IS 5 BP E10 EP E10 DI 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2006.02.066 PG 1 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology GA V13SM UT WOS:000207686500002 ER PT J AU Dale, V Aldridge, M Arthur, T Baskaran, L Berry, M Chang, M Efroymson, R Garten, C Stewart, C Washington-Allen, R AF Dale, V Aldridge, M Arthur, T Baskaran, L Berry, M Chang, M Efroymson, R Garten, C Stewart, C Washington-Allen, R TI Bioregional planning in central Georgia, USA SO FUTURES LA English DT Article ID LONGLEAF PINE; PALUSTRIS; VEGETATION; FORESTS; GROWTH; LANDS; MODEL; AREA AB Human influences in the five-county region around Fort Benning, Georgia, USA, have been long and intense. Only 4% of the native longleaf pine (Pinus palustris) forest remains intact. Besides the loss of species, habitats, and ecosystem services associated with longleaf pine forests, the environmental concerns of the region include air, water, and noise pollution. The mix of federal and private ownership in this region leads to complicated land-management issues that will likely become even more difficult as the city of Columbus continues ill projected growth along the northern border of Fort Benning. To understand how anthropogenic developments affect the environment, we are developing a Regional Simulator (RSim) to project future developments and their impacts oil environmental conditions. Using RSim, we can identify the potential effect, 017 growth 011 noise and air I)pollution, Water-borne nutrients. and habitats for focal species. Noise impacts are already large in the areas of current and projected urban growth for the region. This knowledge of potential futures allows options for environmental protection to be considered. A key lesson from this analysis is that regional simulation models are a cost-effective way to assess the long-term environmental implications of anthropogenic growth and development. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. Univ Tennessee, Dept Comp Sci, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Earth & Atmospher Sci, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Environm Noise Program, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. Utah State Univ, Dept Forest Range & Wildlife Sci, Intermt Reg Digital Image Archive Ctr, Logan, UT 84321 USA. RP Dale, V (reprint author), Oak Ridge Natl Lab, Div Environm Sci, POB 2008,1 Bethel Valley Rd, Oak Ridge, TN 37831 USA. EM dalevh@ornl.gov RI Baskaran, Latha/D-9754-2016; OI Baskaran, Latha/0000-0001-8487-3914; Berry, Michael/0000-0002-9191-9148; Efroymson, Rebecca/0000-0002-3190-880X NR 40 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0016-3287 J9 FUTURES JI Futures PD MAY PY 2006 VL 38 IS 4 BP 471 EP 489 DI 10.1016/j.futures.2005.07.013 PG 19 WC Economics; Planning & Development SC Business & Economics; Public Administration GA 026KF UT WOS:000236337100006 ER PT J AU Andrews, AH Horwhat, JD AF Andrews, AH Horwhat, JD TI Massive pneumoperitoneum after EUS-FNA aspiration of the pancreas SO GASTROINTESTINAL ENDOSCOPY LA English DT Editorial Material ID FINE-NEEDLE-ASPIRATION C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Gastroenterol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Andrews, AH (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Gastroenterol, 6900 Georgia Ave,Bldg 2,7th Floor, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 6 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0016-5107 J9 GASTROINTEST ENDOSC JI Gastrointest. Endosc. PD MAY PY 2006 VL 63 IS 6 BP 876 EP 877 DI 10.1016/j.gie.2005.12.024 PG 2 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 039SK UT WOS:000237327000037 PM 16650566 ER PT J AU Lund, DJ Stuck, BE Edsall, P AF Lund, DJ Stuck, BE Edsall, P TI Retinal injury thresholds for blue wavelength lasers SO HEALTH PHYSICS LA English DT Article DE lasers; tissue, body; maximum permissible exposures; safety standards ID DAMAGE; LIGHT; SENSITIVITY; RADIATION; EXPOSURE AB The interaction mechanism leading to laser-induced retinal alteration can be thermal or non-thermal, depending upon the wavelength of the laser radiation and the duration of the exposure. To investigate the effect of exposure duration on the interaction mechanism, retinal injury thresholds in the rhesus monkey were experimentally measured for exposure to laser radiation at wavelengths of 441.6, 457.9, 476.5, and 496.5 nm. Exposure durations were 0.1, 1, 5, 16, and 100 s; and 1/e retinal irradiance diameters were 50, 125, and 327 mu m. Tissue response was observed via ophthalmoscope I h and 48 h post exposure. Thermal and non-thermal damage thresholds were obtained depending upon the exposure duration. These threshold data are in agreement with data previously reported in the literature for 100-s duration exposures, but differences were noted for shorter exposures. The current study yielded an estimated injury threshold for 1-s duration, 327-mu m retinal irradiance diameter exposures at 441.6 nm, which is an order of magnitude higher than that previously reported. This study provides evidence that laser-induced retinal damage is primarily induced via thermal mechanisms for exposures shorter than 5 s in duration. Arguments are presented that support an amendment of the thermal hazard function, R(lambda). C1 USA, Med Res Detachment, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Brooks AFB, TX 78235 USA. Northrop Grumman IT, San Antonio, TX 78228 USA. RP Lund, DJ (reprint author), USA, Med Res Detachment, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, 7965 Dave Erwin Dr, Brooks AFB, TX 78235 USA. EM jack.lund@brooks.af.mil NR 25 TC 20 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 9 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0017-9078 EI 1538-5159 J9 HEALTH PHYS JI Health Phys. PD MAY PY 2006 VL 90 IS 5 BP 477 EP 484 DI 10.1097/01.HP.0000190115.83416.cb PG 8 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Nuclear Science & Technology; Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 033AY UT WOS:000236819700006 PM 16607179 ER PT J AU Harrison, SA AF Harrison, SA TI Correlation between insulin resistance and hepatitis C viral load SO HEPATOLOGY LA English DT Letter ID INNATE IMMUNE-SYSTEM; FATTY LIVER-DISEASE; VIRUS; INTERFERON C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Gastroenterol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Harrison, SA (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Gastroenterol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 9 TC 49 Z9 50 U1 0 U2 0 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0270-9139 J9 HEPATOLOGY JI Hepatology PD MAY PY 2006 VL 43 IS 5 BP 1168 EP 1168 DI 10.1002/hep.21125 PG 1 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 039SM UT WOS:000237327200036 PM 16628642 ER PT J AU Simon, D Simon, DL AF Simon, D. Simon, D. L. TI Kalman filtering with inequality constraints for turbofan engine health estimation SO IEE PROCEEDINGS-CONTROL THEORY AND APPLICATIONS LA English DT Article AB Kalman filters are often used to estimate the state variables of a dynamic system. However, in the application of Kalman filters some known signal information is often either ignored or dealt with heuristically. For instance, state-variable constraints (which may be based on physical considerations) are often neglected because they do not fit easily into the structure of the Kalman filter. Thus, two analytical methods to incorporate state-variable inequality constraints into the Kalman filter are now derived. The first method is a general technique that uses hard constraints to enforce inequalities on the state-variable estimates. The resultant filter is a combination of a standard Kalman filter and a quadratic programming problem. The second method uses soft constraints to estimate those state variables that are known to vary slowly with time. (Soft constraints are constraints that are required to be approximately satisfied rather than exactly satisfied.) The incorporation of state-variable constraints increases the computational effort of the filter but significantly improves its estimation accuracy. The improvement is proven theoretically and simulations are used to show that the proposed algorithms can provide an improved performance over unconstrained Kalman filtering. C1 Cleveland State Univ, Cleveland, OH 44115 USA. NASA, USA, Res Lab, Glenn Res Ctr, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA. RP Simon, D (reprint author), Cleveland State Univ, Stilwell Hall,Room 332,1960 E 24th St, Cleveland, OH 44115 USA. EM dj.simon@csuohio.edu NR 28 TC 58 Z9 64 U1 2 U2 14 PU INST ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY-IET PI HERTFORD PA MICHAEL FARADAY HOUSE SIX HILLS WAY STEVENAGE, HERTFORD SG1 2AY, ENGLAND SN 1350-2379 J9 IEE P-CONTR THEOR AP JI IEE Proc.-Control Theory Appl. PD MAY PY 2006 VL 153 IS 3 BP 371 EP 378 DI 10.1049/ip-cta:20050074 PG 8 WC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Automation & Control Systems; Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation GA 050RY UT WOS:000238106800016 ER PT J AU Zhang, JH Alexandrov, P Burke, T Zhao, HH AF Zhang, Jianhui Alexandrov, Petre Burke, Terry Zhao, Han H. TI 4H-SiC power bipolar junction transistor with a very low specific ON-resistance of 2.9 m Omega center dot cm(2) SO IEEE ELECTRON DEVICE LETTERS LA English DT Article DE bipolar junction transistors (BJTs); power transistors; silicon carbide AB This letter reports a newly achieved best result on the specific ON-resistance (RSP-ON) of power 4H-SiC bipolar junction transistors (BJTs). A 4H-SiC BJT based on a 12-mu m drift layer shows a record-low specific-ON resistance of only 2.9 m Omega (.) cm(2), with an open-base collector-to-emitter blocking voltage (V,,.) of 757 V, and a current gain of 18.8. The active area of this 4H-SiC BJT is 0.61 mm(2), and it has a fully interdigitated design. This high-performance 4H-SiC BJT conducts up to 5.24 A at a forward voltage drop of V-CE = 2.5 V, corresponding to a low RSP-ON of 2.9 m Omega (.) cm(2) up to J(c) = 859 A/cm(2). This is the lowest specific ON-resistance ever reported for high-power 4H-SiC BJTs. C1 United Silicon Carbide Inc, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA. Rutgers State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, SiCLAB, Piscataway, NJ 08854 USA. USA, TARDEC, Warren, MI 48397 USA. RP Zhang, JH (reprint author), United Silicon Carbide Inc, New Brunswick, NJ 08901 USA. NR 13 TC 17 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0741-3106 EI 1558-0563 J9 IEEE ELECTR DEVICE L JI IEEE Electron Device Lett. PD MAY PY 2006 VL 27 IS 5 BP 368 EP 370 DI 10.1109/LED.2006.873370 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA 043LJ UT WOS:000237602300019 ER PT J AU Al-Ornari, AN Carey, GP Hallstein, S Watson, JP Dang, G Lear, KL AF Al-Ornari, AN Carey, GP Hallstein, S Watson, JP Dang, G Lear, KL TI Low thermal resistance high-speed top-emitting 980-nm VCSELs SO IEEE PHOTONICS TECHNOLOGY LETTERS LA English DT Article DE 3-dB frequency; heatsinks; modulation bandwidth; semiconductor laser diodes; thermal management; vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL) ID LASERS AB Increasing copper plated heatsink radii from 0 to 4 mu m greater than the mesa in vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs) reduced the measured thermal resistance for a range of device sizes to values 50% lower than previously reported over a range of device sizes. For a 9-mu m diameter oxide aperture, the larger heatsink increases output power and bandwidth by 131% and 40%, respectively. The lasers exhibit a 3-dB modulation frequency bandwidth up to 9.8 GHz at 10.5 kA/cm(2). The functional dependence of thermal resistance on oxide aperture diameter indicates the importance of lateral heat flow to mesa sidewalls. C1 Colorado State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. Novalux Inc, Sunnyvale, CA 94086 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Al-Ornari, AN (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. EM ahmad@engr.colostate.edu; kllear@engr.colostate.edu NR 10 TC 45 Z9 46 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 1041-1135 J9 IEEE PHOTONIC TECH L JI IEEE Photonics Technol. Lett. PD MAY-JUN PY 2006 VL 18 IS 9-12 BP 1225 EP 1227 DI 10.1109/LPT.2006.875059 PG 3 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Optics; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Optics; Physics GA 059BM UT WOS:000238708300075 ER PT J AU Walther, M Thompson, FM Dunachie, S Keating, S Todryk, S Berthoud, T Andrews, L Andersen, RF Moore, A Gilbert, SC Poulton, I Dubovsky, F Tierney, E Correa, S Huntcooke, A Butcher, G Williams, J Sinden, RE Hill, AVS AF Walther, M Thompson, FM Dunachie, S Keating, S Todryk, S Berthoud, T Andrews, L Andersen, RF Moore, A Gilbert, SC Poulton, I Dubovsky, F Tierney, E Correa, S Huntcooke, A Butcher, G Williams, J Sinden, RE Hill, AVS TI Safety, immunogenicity, and efficacy of prime-boost immunization with recombinant poxvirus FP9 and modified vaccinia virus Ankara encoding the full-length Plasmodium falciparum circumsporozoite protein SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; T-CELL IMMUNOGENICITY; MALARIA SPOROZOITES; PROTECTIVE IMMUNITY; THERAPEUTIC VACCINATION; DNA; INFECTION; RESPONSES; REGIMENS; EPITOPE AB Heterologous prime-boost immunization with DNA and various recombinant poxviruses encoding malaria antigens is capable of inducing strong cell-mediated immune responses and partial protection in human sporozoite challenges. Here we report a series of trials assessing recombinant fowlpox virus and modified vaccinia virus Ankara encoding the Plasmodium falciparum circumsporozoite protein in various prime-boost combinations, doses, and application routes. For the first time, these vaccines were administered intramuscularly and at doses of up to 5 x 10(8) PFU. Vaccines containing this antigen proved safe and induced modest immune responses but showed no evidence of efficacy in a sporozoite challenge. C1 Univ Oxford, Nuffield Dept Clin Med, Ctr Clin Vaccinol & Trop Med, Churchill Hosp, Oxford OX3 7LJ, England. Univ Oxford, Wellcome Trust Ctr Human Genet, Nuffield Dept Clin Med, Oxford OX3 7BN, England. Univ London Imperial Coll Sci Technol & Med, Dept Sci Biol, London SW7 2AZ, England. PATH Malaria Vaccine Initiat, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Walther, M (reprint author), MRC Labs, Fajara POB 273, Banjul, Gambia. EM mwalther@mrc.gm RI HILL, Adrian/C-1306-2008; Keating, Sheila/B-1652-2013; OI Gilbert, Sarah/0000-0002-6823-9750 FU Medical Research Council [G84/6323] NR 44 TC 49 Z9 51 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD MAY PY 2006 VL 74 IS 5 BP 2706 EP 2716 DI 10.1128/IAI.74.5.2706-2716.2006 PG 11 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 039MX UT WOS:000237311200023 PM 16622207 ER PT J AU Kaminski, RW Turbyfill, KR Oaks, EV AF Kaminski, RW Turbyfill, KR Oaks, EV TI Mucosal adjuvant properties of the Shigella invasin complex SO INFECTION AND IMMUNITY LA English DT Article ID TOLL-LIKE RECEPTORS; CHOLERA-TOXIN; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; PROTEIN ANTIGENS; EPITHELIAL-CELLS; DENDRITIC CELLS; PROMOTES ENTRY; VACCINE DEVELOPMENT; IMMUNE-RESPONSES; MAMMALIAN-CELLS AB The Shigella invasin complex (Invaplex) is an effective mucosal vaccine capable of protecting against Shigella challenge in animal models. The major antigenic constituents of Invaplex are the Ipa proteins and lipopolysaccharide. The cell-binding capacity of the Ipa proteins prompted the investigation into the adjuvanticity of Invaplex. Using ovalbumin (OVA) as a model antigen, intranasal immunization with OVA combined with Invaplex was found to enhance anti-OVA serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) and IgA responses and induce OVA-specific mucosal antibody responses at sites located both proximal and distal to the immunization site. The immune responses induced with OVA and Invaplex were comparable in both magnitude and duration to the immune responses induced after immunization with OVA and cholera toxin. The OVA-specific immune response was characterized by high levels of serum IgG1 and increased production of interleukin-4 (IL-4), IL-5, or IL-10 from lymphoid cells of immunized animals, suggesting a Th2 response. In addition to enhancing the immunogenicity of OVA, Invaplex-specific immune responses were also induced, indicating the potential for the development of a combination vaccine consisting of Invaplex and other immunogens. Preexisting Invaplex-specific immunity did not interfere with the capacity to enhance the immunogenicity of a second, unrelated vaccine antigen, suggesting that Invaplex could be used as a mucosal adjuvant in multiple vaccine regimens. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Communicable Dis & Immunol, Dept Enter Infect, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Oaks, EV (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Communicable Dis & Immunol, Dept Enter Infect, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM Edwin.oaks@na.amedd.army.mil NR 49 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0019-9567 J9 INFECT IMMUN JI Infect. Immun. PD MAY PY 2006 VL 74 IS 5 BP 2856 EP 2866 DI 10.1128/IAI.74.5.2856-2866.2006 PG 11 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 039MX UT WOS:000237311200040 PM 16622224 ER PT J AU Larsen, WI Yavorek, TA AF Larsen, WI Yavorek, TA TI Pelvic organ prolapse and urinary incontinence in nulliparous women at the United States Military Academy SO INTERNATIONAL UROGYNECOLOGY JOURNAL LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 29th Annual Meeting of the Society-of-Gynecologic-Surgeons CY MAR 05-07, 2003 CL ANAHEIM, CA SP Soc Gynecol Surg DE pelvic organ prolapse; incontinence; nulliparous ID EXERCISE; SUPPORT AB The objective of this study was to evaluate both baseline pelvic support and incontinence in relation to physical activity in nulliparous college women. Participants were examined using the pelvic organ prolapse and quantification system (POP-Q) and completed a questionnaire. Women with stage 0 prolapse and any other stage were compared. Potential risk factors and levels of physcial activity were analyzed using the chi-square test. We evaluated 144 women. Fifty percent had stage 0 support and 50% had stage I or II. Nineteen percent of participants reported incontinence. No risk factors for prolapse were identified, however running was associated with incontinence. Forty-six percent of physically active nulliparous college students had stage I pelvic support without identifiable risk factors. Stage I and II prolapse represent normal support. C1 Keller Army Community Hosp, Dept Surg, Div Obstet & Gynecol, West Point, NY 10996 USA. Keller Army Community Hosp, Dept Primary Care, Div Cadet Hlth, West Point, NY 10996 USA. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. RP Larsen, WI (reprint author), Keller Army Community Hosp, Dept Surg, Div Obstet & Gynecol, West Point, NY 10996 USA. EM wilma.larsen@us.army.mil NR 11 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 3 PU SPRINGER LONDON LTD PI GODALMING PA SWEETAPPLE HOUSE CATTESHALL ROAD, GODALMING GU7 3DJ, SURREY, ENGLAND SN 0937-3462 J9 INT UROGYNECOL J JI Int. Urogynecol. J. PD MAY PY 2006 VL 17 IS 3 BP 208 EP 210 DI 10.1007/s00192-005-1366-6 PG 3 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Urology & Nephrology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Urology & Nephrology GA 028TW UT WOS:000236512700003 PM 16077995 ER PT J AU Bautista, CT Sateren, WB Singer, DE Carr, JK Birx, DL Sanchez, JL AF Bautista, CT Sateren, WB Singer, DE Carr, JK Birx, DL Sanchez, JL TI Trends in HIV prevalence among white and African-American civilian applicants for United States military service, 1985 to 2003 SO JAIDS-JOURNAL OF ACQUIRED IMMUNE DEFICIENCY SYNDROMES LA English DT Article DE HIV; trends; prevalence; civilian applicants; white; African-American; United States ID IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS-INFECTIONS; EPIDEMIC; SURVEILLANCE; HIV/AIDS; ARMY; AIDS; MEN AB Data from 5,699,590 white and African-American civilian applicants who applied for service in the US military between 1985 and 2003 were used to analyze HIV prevalence trends. The overall HIV prevalence was 0.72/1000, which declined from 2.63/1000 in 1985 to 0.29/1000 in 1995, after which it remained stable until 2003 (0.30/1000). Larger and more significant declines in annual HIV prevalences were observed among the 4.5 million white applicants (-15.7% per year) compared with the 1.2 million African-American applicants (-10.0% per year). The HIV prevalence decline was also greater among male applicants (-12.4% per year) than female applicants (-7.1% per year). In the most recent 4 years study period, HIV prevalences increased among white applicants 25 to 29 years of age and among African-American applicants 30 years of age or older. These data suggest that despite the overall consistent decreases in HIV prevalence from the 1980s to the late 1990s, an increase in HIV prevalence has taken place older African-American and white subgroups in more recent years. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, US Mil HIV Res Program, Henry M Jackson Fdn, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. Henry M Jackson Fdn Adv Mil Med, Rockville, MD USA. RP Bautista, CT (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, US Mil HIV Res Program, Henry M Jackson Fdn, 1 Taft Court,Suite 250, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. EM cbautista@hivresearch.org RI Bautista, Christian/B-2812-2011 NR 25 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1525-4135 J9 JAIDS-J ACQ IMM DEF JI JAIDS PD MAY PY 2006 VL 42 IS 1 BP 68 EP 74 DI 10.1097/01.qai.0000218362.13465.33 PG 7 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 040HX UT WOS:000237370700009 PM 16763492 ER PT J AU Potsdam, M Yeo, H Johnson, W AF Potsdam, M Yeo, H Johnson, W TI Rotor airloads prediction using loose aerodynamic/structural coupling SO JOURNAL OF AIRCRAFT LA English DT Article ID DYNAMICS; GRIDS AB A computational fluid dynamics (CFD) code and rotorcraft computational structural dynamics (CSD) code are coupled to calculate helicopter rotor airloads across a range of flight conditions. An iterative loose (weak) coupling methodology is used to couple the CFD and CSD codes on a per revolution, periodic basis. The CFD code uses a high fidelity, Navier-Stokes, overset grid methodology with first principles-based wake capturing. Modifications are made to the CFD code for the aeroelastic analysis. For a UH-60A Blackhawk helicopter, three challenging level flight conditions are computed: 1) high speed, mu = 0.37, with advancing blade negative lift, 2) low speed, mu = 0.15, with blade-vortex interaction, and 3) high thrust with dynamic stall, mu = 0.24. Results are compared with UH-60A Airloads program flight test data. For all cases the loose coupling methodology is shown to be stable, convergent, and robust with full coupling of normal force, pitching moment, and chord force. In comparison with flight test data, normal force and pitching moment phase and magnitude are in good agreement. The shapes of the airloads curves are well captured. Overall, the results are a noteworthy improvement over lifting line aerodynamics used in rotorcraft comprehensive codes. C1 NASA, Ames Res Ctr, USA, Res Dev & Engn Command, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. RP Potsdam, M (reprint author), NASA, Ames Res Ctr, USA, Res Dev & Engn Command, MS 215-1, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. EM mpotsdam@mail.arc.nasa.gov NR 32 TC 48 Z9 54 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA SN 0021-8669 J9 J AIRCRAFT JI J. Aircr. PD MAY-JUN PY 2006 VL 43 IS 3 BP 732 EP 742 DI 10.2514/1.14006 PG 11 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA 058NA UT WOS:000238670500018 ER PT J AU Fuller, CL Brittingham, KC Hepburn, MJ Martin, JW Petitt, PL Pittman, PR Bavari, S AF Fuller, CL Brittingham, KC Hepburn, MJ Martin, JW Petitt, PL Pittman, PR Bavari, S TI Dominance of human innate immune responses in primary Francisella tularensis live vaccine strain vaccination SO JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Letter ID TULAREMIA VACCINE C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Bacteriol Div, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Fuller, CL (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Bacteriol Div, 425 Porter St, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. NR 10 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0091-6749 J9 J ALLERGY CLIN IMMUN JI J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. PD MAY PY 2006 VL 117 IS 5 BP 1186 EP 1188 DI 10.1016/j.jaci.2006.01.044 PG 3 WC Allergy; Immunology SC Allergy; Immunology GA 041EM UT WOS:000237436300035 PM 16675351 ER PT J AU Mchenry, TP Mirza, SK Wang, JJ Wade, CE O'Keeff, GE Dailey, AT Schreiber, MA Chapman, JR AF Mchenry, TP Mirza, SK Wang, JJ Wade, CE O'Keeff, GE Dailey, AT Schreiber, MA Chapman, JR TI Risk factors for respiratory failure following operative stabilization of thoracic and lumbar spine fractures SO JOURNAL OF BONE AND JOINT SURGERY-AMERICAN VOLUME LA English DT Article ID ACUTE LUNG INJURY; THORACOLUMBAR FRACTURES; DISTRESS-SYNDROME; NONOPERATIVE TREATMENT; SURGICAL-MANAGEMENT; POLYTRAUMA PATIENTS; FEMORAL FRACTURES; FEMUR FRACTURES; TRAUMA PATIENTS; FAT-EMBOLISM AB Background: Respiratory failure is a serious complication that can adversely affect the hospital course and survival of multiply injured patients. Some studies have suggested that delayed surgical stabilization of spine fractures may increase the incidence of respiratory complications. However, the authors of these studies analyzed small sets of patients and did not assess the independent effects of multiple risk factors. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted at a regional level-I trauma center to identify risk factors for respiratory failure in patients with surgically treated thoracic and lumbar spine fractures. Demographic, diagnostic, and procedural variables were identified. The incidence of respiratory failure was determined in an adult respiratory distress syndrome registry maintained concurrently at the same institution. Univariate and multivariate analyses were used to determine independent risk factors for respiratory failure. An algorithm was formulated to predict respiratory failure. Results: Respiratory failure developed in 140 of the 1032 patients in the study cohort. Patients with respiratory failure were older; had a higher mean Injury Severity Score (ISS) and Charlson Comorbidity Index Score; had greater incidences of pneumothorax, pulmonary contusion, and thoracic level injury; had a lower mean Glasgow Coma Score (GCS); were more likely to have had a posterior surgical approach; and had a longer mean time from admission to surgical stabilization than the patients without respiratory failure (p < 0.05). Multivariate analysis identified five independent risk factors for respiratory failure: an age of more than thirty-five years, an ISS of > 25 points, a GCS of > 12 points, blunt chest injury, and surgical stabilization performed more than two days after admission. An algorithm was created to determine, on the basis of the number of preoperative predictors present, the relative risk of respiratory failure when surgery was delayed for more than two days. Conclusions: Independent risk factors for respiratory failure were identified in an analysis of a large cohort of patients who had undergone operative stabilization of thoracic and lumbar spine fractures. Early operative stabilization of these fractures, the only risk factor that can be controlled by the physician, may decrease the risk of respiratory failure in multiply injured patients. C1 Univ Washington, Harborview Med Ctr, Sch Med, Seattle, WA 98104 USA. RP Mchenry, TP (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM timothy.mchenry@us.army.mil FU NIAMS NIH HHS [K23 AR048979] NR 40 TC 46 Z9 47 U1 0 U2 1 PU JOURNAL BONE JOINT SURGERY INC PI NEEDHAM PA 20 PICKERING ST, NEEDHAM, MA 02192 USA SN 0021-9355 J9 J BONE JOINT SURG AM JI J. Bone Joint Surg.-Am. Vol. PD MAY PY 2006 VL 88A IS 5 BP 997 EP 1005 DI 10.2106/JBJS.E.00560 PG 9 WC Orthopedics; Surgery SC Orthopedics; Surgery GA 039SY UT WOS:000237328500010 PM 16651574 ER PT J AU Cancio, LC Galvez, E Turner, CE Kypreos, NG Parker, A Holcomb, JB AF Cancio, Leopoldo C. Galvez, Eleuterio, Jr. Turner, Charles E. Kypreos, Nikolaos G. Parker, Audrey Holcomb, John B. TI Base deficit and alveolar-arterial gradient during resuscitation contribute independently but modestly to the prediction of mortality after burn injury SO JOURNAL OF BURN CARE & RESEARCH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 36th Annual Meeting of the American-Burn-Association CY MAR 24-27, 2004 CL Vancouver, CANADA SP Amer Burn Assoc ID SMOKE-INHALATION INJURY; PROGNOSTIC VALUE; THERMAL-INJURY; SERUM LACTATE; CHILDREN; TRAUMA; VENTILATION; SEVERITY; SURVIVAL; FAILURE AB The main determinants of mortality after burn injury that can be measured on admission include age, total burn size (% burn), and inhalation injury (INHAL). Other variables, measured during resuscitation, may provide additional information about injury severity. We assessed the utility of early arterial blood gas (ABG) data in predicting mortality after burn injury. Data were limited to samples obtained during the first 2 days after burn injury and to those obtained during high-frequency percussive ventilation. Mean values for each patient's ABG data were calculated; subsequent analysis used these derived variables. Logistic regression analysis (LRA) was used to generate a mortality predictor using burn, age (as a cubic age score, AGE), and INHAL. LRA was then repeated with the ABG variables. A total of 162 patients were included. By univariate analysis, death was associated with increased alveolar-arterial gradient (AaDO(2)), AGE, % burn, full-thickness burn size, INHAL, and with decreased pH and base excess. LRA of % burn, AGE, INHAL, and fun-thickness burn size retained the first three variables. The addition of ABG data demonstrated that mean burn excess and mean AaDO(2) also contributed independently to mortality. However, there was no difference in accuracy (86%) between the two equations. By Kaplan Meier analysis, AaDO(2) but not BE predicted earlier death in those who died. Measured during resuscitation, metabolic acidosis (ie, a base deficit) and oxygenation failure (ie, increased AaDO(2)) contributed independently, but modestly, to ultimate mortality after burn injury. The inclusion of these variables did not improve predictive accuracy. Whether therapies targeted at these endpomts would improve outcome is unknown. C1 USA, Med Res & Mat Command, Combat Casualty Care Res Program, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Cancio, LC (reprint author), USA, Med Res & Mat Command, Combat Casualty Care Res Program, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 32 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1559-047X J9 J BURN CARE RES JI J. Burn Care Res. PD MAY-JUN PY 2006 VL 27 IS 3 BP 289 EP 296 DI 10.1097/01.BCR.0000216457.25875.F4 PG 8 WC Emergency Medicine; Dermatology; Surgery SC Emergency Medicine; Dermatology; Surgery GA 045MX UT WOS:000237747300006 PM 16679895 ER PT J AU Hartings, JA Tortella, FC Rolli, ML AF Hartings, JA Tortella, FC Rolli, ML TI AC electrocorticographic correlates of peri-infarct depolarizations during transient focal ischemia and reperfusion SO JOURNAL OF CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW AND METABOLISM LA English DT Article DE direct current potential; electrocorticography; focal cerebral ischemia; middle cerebral artery occlusion; peri-infarct depolarization; spreading depression ID CORTICAL SPREADING DEPRESSION; CEREBRAL-ARTERY OCCLUSION; INTENSIVE-CARE-UNIT; PARTIAL STATUS EPILEPTICUS; TRAUMATIC BRAIN-INJURY; CONTINUOUS EEG; NONCONVULSIVE SEIZURES; QUANTITATIVE EEG; BLOOD-FLOW; INTRACEREBRAL HEMORRHAGE AB Several studies have highlighted a delayed secondary pathology developing after reperfusion in animals subjected to prolonged cerebral ischemia, and recently we have shown that peri-infarct depolarizations (PIDs) occur not only during ischemia, but also in this delayed period of infarct maturation. Here we study the electrocorticographic (ECoG) manifestations of PIDs as signatures of developing secondary pathology. DC- and traditional AC-ECoG signals were recorded continuously from epidural, nonpolarizable electrodes during 2 h of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo) and 22 h of reperfusion in freely behaving rats. During MCAo, seizures and PIDs recurred frequently and their incidence was significantly correlated. After reperfusion, seizures and PIDs ceased, and for the next several hours delta wave abnormalities dominated the ECoG with progressively increasing amplitude. After a variable period ( 5 to 15 h), the ECoG amplitude decremented with the onset of a prolonged repetitive series of PIDs. Initial PIDs in this delayed phase produced transient depressions of the high amplitude ECoG signal, but thereafter the ECoG was persistently attenuated, with no transient depressions during subsequent PIDs. The time of onset of postreperfusion PIDs, and hence measures of ECoG attenuation, correlated with 24 h infarct volumes. PIDs could always be detected in baseline shifts of the AC-ECoG signal with a low high-pass cutoff setting. These results suggest that delayed PIDs after reperfusion contribute to a complex secondary pathology involving delayed edema, intracranial hypertension, and hypoperfusion. The manifestation of PIDs in ECoG/electroencephalography recordings may enable continuous real-time monitoring of infarct progression. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Psychiat & Neurosci, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Hartings, JA (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Psychiat & Neurosci, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM jed.hartings@na.amedd.army.mil NR 63 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 1 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK STREET, 9TH FLOOR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 0271-678X J9 J CEREBR BLOOD F MET JI J. Cereb. Blood Flow Metab. PD MAY PY 2006 VL 26 IS 5 BP 696 EP 707 DI 10.1038/sj.jcbfm.9600223 PG 12 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Hematology; Neurosciences SC Endocrinology & Metabolism; Hematology; Neurosciences & Neurology GA 038RA UT WOS:000237239500011 PM 16177810 ER PT J AU O'Connell, RJ Agan, BK Anderson, SA Malia, JA Michael, NL AF O'Connell, RJ Agan, BK Anderson, SA Malia, JA Michael, NL TI Sensitivity of the multispot HIV-1/HIV-2 rapid test using samples from human immunodeficiency virus type 1-positive individuals with various levels of exposure to highly active antiretroviral therapy SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID INFECTION; DIAGNOSIS; ANTIBODY; SUBTYPES AB The Multispot HIV-1/HIV-2 rapid test detects human immumodeficiency virus type I (HIV-1) gp41 antibodies, which can wane over time in some HIV-1-infected populations, resulting in false-negative screening results. Multispot sensitivity was 100% using 248 sera from one such population, and it correctly identified serostatus in individuals who previously tested false negative with rapid testing. C1 Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. Henry M Jackson Fdn Advancement Mil Med, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. Triserv AIDS Clin Consortium, Rockville, MD 20852 USA. RP O'Connell, RJ (reprint author), Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. EM robert.oconnell@lackland.af.mil OI Agan, Brian/0000-0002-5114-1669 NR 13 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD MAY PY 2006 VL 44 IS 5 BP 1831 EP 1833 DI 10.1128/JCM.44.5.1831-1833.2006 PG 3 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 041YJ UT WOS:000237493000031 PM 16672414 ER PT J AU Keenan, S T Bui-Mansfield, L AF Keenan, S T Bui-Mansfield, L TI Musculoskeletal lesions with fluid-fluid level: A pictorial essay SO JOURNAL OF COMPUTER ASSISTED TOMOGRAPHY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 90th Scientific Assembly and Annual Meeting of the Radiological-Society-of-North-America CY NOV 28-DEC 03, 2004 CL Chicago, IL SP Radiol Soc N Amer DE fluid-fluid level; musculoskeletal lesions; MR imaging ID TELANGIECTATIC OSTEOSARCOMA; COMPUTED-TOMOGRAPHY; FIBROUS DYSPLASIA; BONE-CYST; CHONDROBLASTOMA; APPEARANCE; FEATURES; TUMORS AB A fluid-fluid level was identified in 11.2% of focal lesions of bone.(1) Fluid-fluid levels are observed on cross-sectional imaging with either computed tomography (CT) or magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. They become apparent when a fluid collection containing substances of different density is allowed to settle, and when the plane of imaging is perpendicular to the fluid level. For instance, within a collection of blood, the cellular components will settle dependently, with the lower density plasma forming a layer superiorly. The difference in the density of these layers can be observed on CT imaging. With MR imaging, these layers will have different signal characteristics, allowing for visualization of the fluid-fluid level. The presence of fluid-fluid levels within a musculoskeletal lesion is an important finding, which can significantly aid in the differential diagnosis. This finding can be observed in a wide variety of lesions: osseous and soft tissue masses, neoplastic or nonneoplastic lesions, malignant or benign neoplasms, and primary or metastatic malignancies. 2 When a fluid-fluid level is detected, in conjunction with clinical history, the differential diagnosis for a lesion can often be limited to a few choices. For this reason, it is important to be aware of the multiple lesions that can produce fluid-fluid levels, as well as their differentiating characteristics and typical presentations. We will review both osseous and soft tissue lesions, focusing on their imaging characteristics and other important findings. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, MCHE DR, Dept Radiol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Wake Forest Univ, Bowman Gray Sch Med, Dept Radiol, Div Radiol Sci, Winston Salem, NC 27157 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Radiol, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP T Bui-Mansfield, L (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, MCHE DR, Dept Radiol, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM liem.mansfield@gmail.com NR 21 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0363-8715 J9 J COMPUT ASSIST TOMO JI J. Comput. Assist. Tomogr. PD MAY-JUN PY 2006 VL 30 IS 3 BP 517 EP 524 DI 10.1097/00004728-200605000-00029 PG 8 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 054XH UT WOS:000238411400029 PM 16778633 ER PT J AU Alfonso, A Koops, MK Mong, DP Vigersky, RA AF Alfonso, A Koops, MK Mong, DP Vigersky, RA TI Glycernic control with regular versus lispro insulin sliding scales in hospitalized Type 2 diabetics SO JOURNAL OF DIABETES AND ITS COMPLICATIONS LA English DT Article DE lispro; regular; insulin; sliding scales ID MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION; POSTPRANDIAL HYPERGLYCEMIA; STRESS HYPERGLYCEMIA; MELLITUS; ANALOG; RISK; HYPOGLYCEMIA; MANAGEMENT; METABOLISM; MORTALITY AB Purpose: The aim of this study was to compare glycemic control with either regular or lispro insulin sliding scales in hospitalized Type 2 diabetics who were not using insulin as outpatients. Methods: Forty-three patients with Type 2 diabetes, who were taking oral agents only, were admitted to a medical inpatient service and randomized to receive either regular or lispro insulin sliding scale. Oral agents for diabetes were held upon admission and patients were followed throughout their hospital stay. Results: There was no significant difference (P > .05) between the average finger-stick blood glucose (FSBG) in the regular insulin group (157.78 +/- 40.16 mg/dl) and the lispro insulin group (152.04 +/- 27.71 mg/dl). No significant difference was found between the daily dose of insulin (regular, 5.83 +/- 5.01 units; lispro, 4.27 +/- 3.40 units), total amount of insulin used during hospitalization (regular, 11.87 +/- 10.78 units; lispro, 12.77 +/- 14.39 units), glucose excursion (regular, 110.13 +/- 25.86 mg/dl; lispro, 106.77 +/- 52.65 mg/dl), or length of hospital stay (regular, 2.33 +/- 1.23 days; lispro, 2.69 +/- 1.59 days). Conclusion: No significant difference in glycemic control was found in hospitalized Type 2 diabetic patients who received either regular or lispro insulin sliding scales. Both insulin sliding scales used in this study are inadequate to achieve current recommended glycemic targets in this patient population, when used as the only inpatient treatment for diabetes. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Endocrinol Serv, Div Endocrinol & Metab, Dept Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Div Endocrinol & Metab, Dept Med, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Alfonso, A (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Endocrinol Serv, Div Endocrinol & Metab, Dept Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM abel.alfonso@na.amedd.army.mil NR 31 TC 11 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1056-8727 J9 J DIABETES COMPLICAT JI J. Diabetes Complications PD MAY-JUN PY 2006 VL 20 IS 3 BP 153 EP 157 DI 10.1016/j.jdiacomp.2005.06.009 PG 5 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 040WH UT WOS:000237411100003 PM 16632234 ER PT J AU Prater, JT Ramachandran, S Tiwari, A Narayan, J AF Prater, JT Ramachandran, S Tiwari, A Narayan, J TI Co-doped ZnO dilute magnetic semiconductor SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Symposium on Frontiers in Thin Film Growth and Nanostructured Materials held in Honour of Jagdish Narayan CY FEB 13-17, 2005 CL San Francisco, CA SP TMS Elect, Magnet & Photon Mat Div, Thin Film & Interfaces Comm DE dilute magnetic semiconductor; co-doped ZnO; oxygen annealing; magnetic hysteresis ID THIN-FILMS; FERROMAGNETISM AB This paper reports on recent findings in the Co-doped ZnO system where as-deposited samples with n-type semiconductor properties display magnetic ordering above room temperature. Detailed atomic scale structural characterization has eliminated clustering and second-phase formation as the source of the magnetic behavior. Upon high-temperature annealing in oxygen, the samples become insulating and the magnetization drops. This suggests that the observed magnetic behavior of the oxide is directly related to the presence of intrinsic defects, notably oxygen vacancies and Zn interstitials. These defects are believed to mediate exchange coupling of the Co spins through electron doping of the matrix, and perhaps also the formation of bound magnetic polarons. C1 USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. N Carolina State Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Raleigh, NC 27695 USA. RP Prater, JT (reprint author), USA, Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. EM john.t.prater@us.army.mil RI Narayan, Jagdish/D-1874-2009 NR 20 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 3 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 0361-5235 J9 J ELECTRON MATER JI J. Electron. Mater. PD MAY PY 2006 VL 35 IS 5 BP 852 EP 856 DI 10.1007/BF02692539 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA 047QF UT WOS:000237893100008 ER PT J AU Conner, SJ Sullo, E AF Conner, SJ Sullo, E TI How can you prevent migraines during pregnancy? SO JOURNAL OF FAMILY PRACTICE LA English DT Editorial Material ID HEADACHES C1 DD Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Family Med Residency Program, Ft Gordon, GA USA. E Carolina Univ, Greenville, NC 27858 USA. RP Conner, SJ (reprint author), DD Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Family Med Residency Program, Ft Gordon, GA USA. OI Sullo, Elaine/0000-0002-8847-4862 NR 10 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 1 U2 1 PU DOWDEN PUBLISHING CORP PI MONTVALE PA 110 SUMMIT AVE, MONTVALE, NJ 07645-1712 USA SN 0094-3509 J9 J FAM PRACTICE JI J. Fam. Pract. PD MAY PY 2006 VL 55 IS 5 BP 429 EP + PG 3 WC Primary Health Care; Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 043QB UT WOS:000237615200014 PM 16670039 ER PT J AU Wansink, B Wright, AO AF Wansink, Brian Wright, Alan O. TI "Best if used by..." How freshness dating influences food acceptance SO JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE freshness; dairy; yogurt; freshness dating; expiration date; food safety sensory evaluation; taste acceptance ID FAT-FREE; TASTE; EXPECTATIONS; CONSUMPTION; PREFERENCE; YOGURT; CLAIMS; SOY AB A recent variation of expiration dating is freshness dating (i.e. "best if used by"). This research investigates how freshness dating influences the taste acceptance of a refrigerated product. Sensory tests of 36 panelists show two key findings. First, freshness dating influences the acceptability of products in a discontinuous or nonlinear manner. Second, it does so because it influences perceptions of freshness and of healthfullness, not of safety. As a product approaches its "best if used by" date, there may be more for a manufacturer to lose than to gain by having decided to use "freshness dating" in the first place. C1 Cornell Univ, Appl Econ & Management Dept, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. USA, Natick Soldier Ctr, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Wansink, B (reprint author), Cornell Univ, Appl Econ & Management Dept, 110 Warren Hall, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. EM Wansink@Cornell.edu RI Wansink, Brian/G-1219-2011; Wansink, Brian/G-4284-2010 NR 21 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 5 U2 21 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0022-1147 J9 J FOOD SCI JI J. Food Sci. PD MAY PY 2006 VL 71 IS 4 BP S354 EP S357 DI 10.1111/j.1750-3841.2006.00011.x PG 4 WC Food Science & Technology SC Food Science & Technology GA 082VB UT WOS:000240414200026 ER PT J AU Berbano, EP Browning, R Pangaro, L Jackson, JL AF Berbano, EP Browning, R Pangaro, L Jackson, JL TI The impact of the Stanford Faculty Development Program on ambulatory teaching behavior SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 27th Annual Meeting of the Society-of-General-Internal-Medicine CY MAY 12-15, 2004 CL Chicago, IL SP Soc Gen Internal Med DE faculty development; medical teaching; medical education ID ONE-MINUTE PRECEPTOR; INTERNAL-MEDICINE; TEACHERS; IMPROVE; EDUCATION; SETTINGS; FEEDBACK; SKILLS AB CONTEXT: Faculty development has received considerable investment of resources from medical institutions, though the impact of these efforts has been infrequently studied. OBJECTIVE: To measure the impact of the Stanford Faculty Development Program in Clinical Teaching on ambulatory teaching behavior. DESIGN: Pre-post. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: Eight internal medicine faculty participating in local faculty development. INTERVENTION: Participants received 7 2-hour sessions of faculty development. Each session included didactic, role-play, and videotaped performance evaluation. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE: Before and after the intervention, faculty were video-taped during a case presentation from a standardized learner, who had been trained to portray 3 levels of learners: a third-year medical student, an intern, and a senior medical resident. Teacher and learner utterances (i.e, phrases) were blindly and randomly coded, using the Teacher Learner Interaction Analysis System, into categories that capture both the nature and intent of the utterances. We measured change in teaching behavior as detected through analysis of the coded utterances. RESULTS: Among the 48 videotaped encounters, there were a total of 7,119 utterances, with 3,203 (45%) by the teacher. Examining only the teacher, the total number of questions asked declined (714 vs 426, P=.02) with an increase in the proportion of higher-level, analytic questions (44% vs 55%, P <.0001). The quality of feedback also improved, with less "minimal" feedback (87% vs 76%, P <.0005) and more specific feedback (13% vs 22%) provided. CONCLUSIONS: Teaching behaviors improved after participation in this faculty development program, specifically in the quality of questions asked and feedback provided. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, MCHL, MG, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Med, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Berbano, EP (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, MCHL, MG, 6900 Georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM elizabeth.berbano@na.amedd.army.mil NR 23 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 6 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0884-8734 J9 J GEN INTERN MED JI J. Gen. Intern. Med. PD MAY PY 2006 VL 21 IS 5 BP 430 EP 434 DI 10.1111/j.1525-1497.2006.00422.x PG 5 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medicine, General & Internal SC Health Care Sciences & Services; General & Internal Medicine GA 040ZL UT WOS:000237422300006 PM 16704383 ER PT J AU Carter, D Brown, AS AF Carter, D Brown, AS TI Algorithms for geolocation of an ad hoc network of unmanned systems SO JOURNAL OF GUIDANCE CONTROL AND DYNAMICS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT AIAA Unmanned Unlimited Technical Conference CY SEP 20-23, 2004 CL Chicago, IL SP Amer Inst Aeronaut & Astronaut C1 USA, Res Dev & Engn Command, AMSRD, AMR,SG,CT, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. RP Carter, D (reprint author), USA, Res Dev & Engn Command, AMSRD, AMR,SG,CT, Bldg 5400, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. NR 2 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA SN 0731-5090 J9 J GUID CONTROL DYNAM JI J. Guid. Control Dyn. PD MAY-JUN PY 2006 VL 29 IS 3 BP 753 EP 757 DI 10.2514/1.13818 PG 5 WC Engineering, Aerospace; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Engineering; Instruments & Instrumentation GA 041WE UT WOS:000237486300029 ER PT J AU Garr, RJ Krasuski, RA Eckart, RE Wang, A Pierce, C Kisslo, KB Harrison, JK Bashore, TM AF Garr, RJ Krasuski, RA Eckart, RE Wang, A Pierce, C Kisslo, KB Harrison, JK Bashore, TM TI Peripheral blood levels of matrix metalloproteinases in patients referred for percutaneous balloon mitral valve commissurotomy SO JOURNAL OF HEART VALVE DISEASE LA English DT Article ID CALCIFIC AORTIC-STENOSIS; INCREASED PLASMA-LEVELS; C-REACTIVE PROTEIN; TENASCIN-C; DILATED CARDIOMYOPATHY; EXTRACELLULAR-MATRIX; ADHESION MOLECULES; VALVULAR LESIONS; CARDIAC VALVES; HEART-FAILURE AB Background and aim of the study: Inflammation may play a central role in the progression of stenotic valvular heart disease. Serum levels of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), markers of extracellular matrix (ECM) turnover and potential markers of active inflammation, have been recently demonstrated in several inflammatory processes. The present study was designed to examine whether systemic evidence of ECM turnover was present in advanced stenotic mitral valve disease. Methods: Serum levels of MMP-1, -3 and -9 were measured in 114 patients with mitral stenosis referred for percutaneous balloon mitral valve commissurotomy, and compared to those in 48 healthy, age- and gender-matched controls. Results: Serum levels of MMP-1, -3 and -9 did not vary according to hemodynamic profile or heart failure class at the time of blood sampling. Levels of MMP-1 and -3 were not significantly different between those patients with mitral stenosis and controls. The level of MMP-9 was significantly higher in patients with mitral stenosis than in controls, and did not appear to be altered by commissurotomy. Conclusion: Serum levels of MMP-9 were elevated in patients with mitral stenosis, providing further evidence that inflammation and ECM remodeling plays an important role in the pathophysiology of valvular heart disease. C1 Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Houston, TX USA. Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Raleigh, NC USA. RP Krasuski, RA (reprint author), Cleveland Clin Fdn, Div Cardiovasc, Desk F15,9500 Euclid Ave, Cleveland, OH 44195 USA. EM krasusr@ccf.org NR 41 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU I C R PUBLISHERS PI NORTHWOOD PA CRISPIN HOUSE, 12/A SOUTH APPROACH, MOOR PARK, NORTHWOOD HA6 2ET, ENGLAND SN 0966-8519 J9 J HEART VALVE DIS JI J. Heart Valve Dis. PD MAY PY 2006 VL 15 IS 3 BP 369 EP 374 PG 6 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 044WK UT WOS:000237703900012 PM 16784074 ER PT J AU Chu, WS Liang, Q Tang, Y King, R Wong, K Gong, MK Wei, MQ Liu, JL Feng, SH Lo, SC Andriko, JA Orr, M AF Chu, WS Liang, Q Tang, Y King, R Wong, K Gong, MK Wei, MQ Liu, JL Feng, SH Lo, SC Andriko, JA Orr, M TI Ultrasound-accelerated tissue fixation/processing achieves superior morphology and macromolecule integrity with storage stability SO JOURNAL OF HISTOCHEMISTRY & CYTOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE ultrasound; formalin fixation; tissue processing; immunohistochemistry; RNA extraction; storage stability ID MODELING FORMALIN FIXATION; RAPID MICROWAVE FIXATION; PARAFFIN-EMBEDDED TISSUE; ANTIGEN RETRIEVAL; MESSENGER-RNA; FORMALDEHYDE FIXATION; INSITU HYBRIDIZATION; IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY; SPECIMENS; SECTIONS AB We demonstrate that high-frequency and high-intensity ultrasound (US) can be applied to both tissue fixation and tissue processing to complete the conventional overnight formalin-fixation and paraffin-embedding (FFPE) procedures within 1 hr. US-facilitated FFPE retains superior tissue morphology and long-term room temperature storage stability than conventional FFPE. There is less alteration of protein antigenicity after US-FFPE preservation so that rapid immunohistochemical reactions occur with higher sensitivity and intensity, reducing the need for antigen retrieval pretreatment. US-FFPE tissues present storage stability so that room temperature storage up to 7 years does not significantly affect tissue morphology, protein antigenic properties, RNA distribution, localization, and quantitation. In addition, during fixation, tissue displays physical changes that can be monitored and reflected as changes in transmission US signals. As far as we know, this is the first effort to monitor tissue physical changes during fixation. Further study of this phenomenon may provide a method to control and to monitor the level of fixation for quality controls. The mechanism of less alteration of protein antigenicity by US-FFPE was discussed. C1 Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Dept Sci Labs, Washington, DC 20306 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. Univ Maryland, Sch Med, Ctr Canc, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. RP Chu, WS (reprint author), Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Dept Sci Labs, Washington, DC 20306 USA. EM chu@afip.osd.mil FU NCI NIH HHS [1R21 CA-091166-01A1] NR 35 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 7 PU HISTOCHEMICAL SOC INC PI SEATTLE PA UNIV WASHINGTON, DEPT BIOSTRUCTURE, BOX 357420, SEATTLE, WA 98195 USA SN 0022-1554 J9 J HISTOCHEM CYTOCHEM JI J. Histochem. Cytochem. PD MAY PY 2006 VL 54 IS 5 BP 503 EP 513 DI 10.1369/jhc.5A6802.2005 PG 11 WC Cell Biology SC Cell Biology GA 036UM UT WOS:000237101200002 PM 16314441 ER PT J AU Silva-Do-Nascimento, TF Wilkerson, RC Lourenco-De-Oliveira, R Monteiro, FA AF Silva-Do-Nascimento, T. F. Wilkerson, R. C. Lourenco-De-Oliveira, R. Monteiro, F. A. TI Molecular confirmation of the specific status of Anopheles halophylus (Diptera : Culicidae) and evidence of a new cryptic species within An. triannulatus in central Brazil SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL ENTOMOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Anopheles; taxonomy; Culicidae; allozymes; RAPD ID AMPLIFIED POLYMORPHIC DNA; POPULATION-STRUCTURE; MALARIA VECTOR; IDENTIFICATION; NYSSORHYNCHUS; MARKERS AB Anopheles halophylus Silva-do-Nascimento & Lourenvo-de-Oliveira was recently described using morphological and biological variants in specimens previously identified as Anopheles triannulatus (Neiva & Pinto). Because these two species occur in sympatry in central Brazil, we used allozymes to determine the extent of gene flow to confirm that they are different species. Of 11 allozyme loci analyzed, one (Mpi) was found to be diagnostic for All. halophylus and An. triannulatus, confirming their specific status. This locus revealed a second sibling species within An. triannulatus sensu lato. An. halophylus and the new undescribed species were confirmed using random amplified polymorphic DNA markers that showed moderate genetic divergence among these three sympatric and closely related taxa (D = 0.145-0.428). Moreover, this marker indicates that An. halophylus and the new species are more closely related to each other than either is to An. triannulatus. C1 Inst Oswaldo Cruz, Dept Entomol, BR-21045900 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Entomol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Inst Oswaldo Cruz, Dept Trop Med, BR-21045900 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. RP Silva-Do-Nascimento, TF (reprint author), Inst Oswaldo Cruz, Dept Entomol, Av Brasil 4365, BR-21045900 Rio De Janeiro, Brazil. NR 25 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 1 PU ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY AMERICA PI LANHAM PA 10001 DEREKWOOD LANE, STE 100, LANHAM, MD 20706-4876 USA SN 0022-2585 J9 J MED ENTOMOL JI J. Med. Entomol. PD MAY PY 2006 VL 43 IS 3 BP 455 EP 459 DI 10.1603/0022-2585(2006)43[455:MCOTSS]2.0.CO;2 PG 5 WC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences SC Entomology; Veterinary Sciences GA 116FS UT WOS:000242788500002 PM 16739400 ER PT J AU Ulrich, MP Norwood, DA Christensen, DR Ulrich, RL AF Ulrich, MP Norwood, DA Christensen, DR Ulrich, RL TI Using real-time PCR to specifically detect Burkholderia mallei SO JOURNAL OF MEDICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID RAPID IDENTIFICATION; B.-MALLEI; API 20NE; PSEUDOMALLEI; DIFFERENTIATION; THAILANDENSIS; GLANDERS; ASSAYS; MELIOIDOSIS; SEQUENCE AB Burkholderia mallei is the causative agent of human and animal glanders and is a category B biothreat agent. Rapid diagnosis of B. mallei and immediate prophylactic treatment are essential for patient survival. The majority of current bacteriological and immunological techniques for identifying B. mallei from clinical samples are time-consuming, and cross-reactivity with closely related organisms (i.e. Burkholderia pseudomallei) is a problem. In this investigation, two B. mallei-specific real-time PCR assays targeting the B. mallei bimA.,, gene (Burkholderia intracellular motility A; BMAA0749), which encodes a protein involved in actin polymerization, were developed. The PCR primer and probe sets were tested for specificity against a collection of B. mallei and B. pseudomallei isolates obtained from numerous clinical and environmental (B. pseudomallei only) sources. The assays were also tested for cross-reactivity using template DNA from 14 closely related Burkholderia species. The relative limit of detection for the assays was found to be 1 pg or 424 genome equivalents. The authors also analysed the applicability of assays to detect B. mallei within infected BALB/c mouse tissues. Beginning 1 h post aerosol exposure, B. mallei was successfully identified within the lungs, and starting at 24 h post exposure, in the spleen and liver. Surprisingly, B. mallei was not detected in the blood of acutely infected animals. This investigation provides two real-time PCR assays for the rapid and specific identification of B. mallei. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Bacteriol Div, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Diagnost Syst Div, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Ulrich, RL (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Bacteriol Div, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM Ricky.Ulrich@AMEDDARMY.MIL FU NIAID NIH HHS [Y1-AI-5004-01] NR 32 TC 24 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 4 PU SOC GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY PI READING PA MARLBOROUGH HOUSE, BASINGSTOKE RD, SPENCERS WOODS, READING RG7 1AG, BERKS, ENGLAND SN 0022-2615 J9 J MED MICROBIOL JI J. Med. Microbiol. PD MAY PY 2006 VL 55 IS 5 BP 551 EP 559 DI 10.1099/jmm.0.46350-0 PG 9 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 037ME UT WOS:000237150200012 PM 16585642 ER PT J AU Yao, C Williams, A Lu, M Chen, R Liao, Z Connors, R Wang, K Hayes, R Tortella, F Dave, J AF Yao, C. Williams, A. Lu, M. Chen, R. Liao, Z. Connors, R. Wang, K. Hayes, R. Tortella, F. Dave, J. TI EMAP II: a potential biomarker for discriminating traumatic versus ischaemic brain injury SO JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 16th Annual Meeting of the European-Neurological-Society CY MAY 27-31, 2006 CL Lausanne, SWITZERLAND SP European Neurol Soc C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. Univ Florida, McKnight Brain Inst, Gainesville, FL 32611 USA. RI Dave, Jitendra/A-8940-2011 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU DR DIETRICH STEINKOPFF VERLAG PI DARMSTADT PA PO BOX 10 04 62, D-64204 DARMSTADT, GERMANY SN 0340-5354 J9 J NEUROL JI J. Neurol. PD MAY PY 2006 VL 253 SU 2 BP 111 EP 112 PG 2 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 055VL UT WOS:000238478600424 ER PT J AU Lu, M Yao, C Wei, H Liao, Z Tortella, F Dave, J AF Lu, M. Yao, C. Wei, H. Liao, Z. Tortella, F. Dave, J. TI A novel neuroprotective compound, NNZ-2566, attenuated caspase 3 activity induced by penetrating ballistic-like brain injury in rats SO JOURNAL OF NEUROLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 16th Annual Meeting of the European-Neurological-Society CY MAY 27-31, 2006 CL Lausanne, SWITZERLAND SP European Neurol Soc C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. RI Dave, Jitendra/A-8940-2011 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU DR DIETRICH STEINKOPFF VERLAG PI DARMSTADT PA PO BOX 10 04 62, D-64204 DARMSTADT, GERMANY SN 0340-5354 J9 J NEUROL JI J. Neurol. PD MAY PY 2006 VL 253 SU 2 BP 127 EP 128 PG 2 WC Clinical Neurology SC Neurosciences & Neurology GA 055VL UT WOS:000238478600487 ER PT J AU Springer, BA Mielcarek, BJ Nesfield, TK Teyhen, DS AF Springer, BA Mielcarek, BJ Nesfield, TK Teyhen, DS TI Relationships among lateral abdominal muscles, gender, body mass index, and hand dominance SO JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC & SPORTS PHYSICAL THERAPY LA English DT Article DE low back pain; lumbar stabilization; real-time ultrasound imaging; sonography; transversus abdominis ID LOW-BACK-PAIN; M-MODE ULTRASOUND; TRANSVERSUS ABDOMINIS; MULTIFIDUS MUSCLE; HEALTHY-SUBJECTS; SIDE DOMINANCE; STABILIZATION; CONTRACTION; THICKNESS; EXERCISES AB Study Design: Exploratory. Objectives: To explore whether hand dominance, gender, and body mass index (BMI) influence the thickness of the lateral abdominal muscles as measured by ultrasound imaging. To document the extent of improvement in response stability when an average of multiple measures was utilized. Background: Ultrasound imaging is a relatively new tool used to assess the lateral abdominal muscles. A better understanding of how these muscles contract in a healthy population can provide a reference for comparison to patients with low back pain (LBP). Methods and Measures: Thirty-two healthy participants (17 males, 15 females) aged 18 to 45 years (mean +/- SD, 31.9 +/- 7.8 years) were studied. Measurements of muscular thickness of the lateral abdominal muscles were obtained bilaterally while the subjects were at rest, and while they performed the abdominal drawing-in maneuver. To determine the possible influence of hand dominance and gender on muscle thickness, t tests were used. Correlation coefficients were used to assess the relationship between BMI and muscle thickness. Standard error of the measurement was used to assess response stability of the ultrasound imaging technique. Results: No differences in the thicknesses of the transversus abdominis (TrA) muscle were measured during rest or while contracted, based on hand dominance (P >=.73). Men had greater muscular thickness (P<.01), while the TrA in women represented a greater proportion of the total lateral abdominal muscles (P<.01). BMI was positively associated with muscle thickness (r >=.66). Compared to a singular measurement, response stability improved by greater than 50% when an average of 3 measurements was used. Conclusions: Future researchers should assess the need to control for gender and BMI as potential covariates in ultrasound imaging studies of the lateral abdominal muscles. Asymmetry in the lateral abdominal muscles in those with LBP would be in direct contrast to the bilateral symmetry measured in those without LBP. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Orthopaed & Rehabil, Phys Therapy Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. USA, Med Dept Act, Ft George G Meade, MD USA. Univ Illinois, Champaign, IL 61820 USA. USA Baylor Univ Doctoral Program Phys Therapy, Ctr Phys Therapy Res, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Springer, BA (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Orthopaed & Rehabil, Phys Therapy Serv, 6900 Georgia Ave, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM Barbara.Springer@na.amedd.army.mil NR 52 TC 83 Z9 84 U1 1 U2 8 PU J O S P T, PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1111 NORTH FAIRFAX ST, STE 100, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-1436 USA SN 0190-6011 J9 J ORTHOP SPORT PHYS JI J. Orthop. Sports Phys. Ther. PD MAY PY 2006 VL 36 IS 5 BP 289 EP 297 DI 10.2519/jospt.2006.2217 PG 9 WC Orthopedics; Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences SC Orthopedics; Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences GA 038OF UT WOS:000237231500003 PM 16715829 ER PT J AU Seslar, SP Berul, CI Burklow, TR Cecchin, F Alexander, ME AF Seslar, Stephen P. Berul, Charles I. Burklow, Thomas R. Cecchin, Frank Alexander, Mark E. TI Transient prolonged corrected QT interval in Lyme disease SO JOURNAL OF PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article ID ABNORMALITIES; BORRELIOSIS; MUTATION; FORMS; BLOCK AB Lyme disease, caused by the spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi, has known cardiovascular effects typically manifesting in varying degrees of atrioventricular block. Three patients presented with QT interval prolongation associated with Lyme disease, a previously unreported manifestation of Lyme carditis. Implications and a proposed clinical management approach are discussed. C1 Childrens Hosp, Arrhythmia Serv, Dept Cardiol, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Harvard Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Boston, MA 02115 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Alexander, ME (reprint author), Childrens Hosp, Arrhythmia Serv, Dept Cardiol, 300 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA 02115 USA. EM mark.alexander@cardio.chboston.org NR 17 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY-ELSEVIER PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVENUE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0022-3476 EI 1097-6833 J9 J PEDIATR-US JI J. Pediatr. PD MAY PY 2006 VL 148 IS 5 BP 692 EP 697 DI 10.1016/j.jpeds.2005.11.031 PG 6 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 047NH UT WOS:000237885500039 PM 16737890 ER PT J AU Carter, RH AF Carter, RH TI Probabilistic modeling for ceramic lined gun barrels SO JOURNAL OF PRESSURE VESSEL TECHNOLOGY-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 2nd Oxford Conference on Pressure Vessels Technology Applied to Gun Tubes CY APR, 2005 CL Oxford, ENGLAND AB Designers of advanced gun systems have been tasked with increasing barrel life in the face of the extreme erosion and wear of the interior ballistics environment. The addition of refractory metal coatings, such as chromium or tantalum, have greatly boosted service life, but even with these applications the erosion resistance of the underlying gun steel is the service-life limiting factor The U.S. Army Research Laboratory (ARL) is currently undertaking an effort to determine the feasibility of ceramic gun barrels. Ceramics are attractive for liner materials because of their high-temperature performance and erosion-resistance characteristics. Unfortunately, their drawbacks are low tensile strength, low fracture toughness, and brittle fracture. Previous research into the replacement of metals with a ceramic liner has met with limited success, at best, but advances in ceramic manufacturing technology, probabilistic design, and sheathing technology have led to renewed interest in this area. The work at ARL has focused on developing a material property database of commercially available ceramics, extensive finite element and analytic modeling, experimental verification, and, ultimately, demonstration of the ceramic gun barrel technology. This body of work will focus on the derivation of analytic models for an N-layered tube to calculate the Weibull failure probabilities for a ceramic liner Model results are verified through high-pressure burst testing of blank and sheathed ceramic tubes. The application of the models as a design tool is explored by generating failure surface plots to investigate optimal geometries and prestress levels for a variety of different liner and sheath materials across various caliber systems. C1 USA, Res Lab, AMSRD, ARL,WMMB, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Carter, RH (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, AMSRD, ARL,WMMB, Bldg 4600, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. EM rcarter@arl.army.mil NR 17 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 2 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA SN 0094-9930 J9 J PRESS VESS-T ASME JI J. Press. Vessel Technol.-Trans. ASME PD MAY PY 2006 VL 128 IS 2 BP 251 EP 256 DI 10.1115/1.2172966 PG 6 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA 043QR UT WOS:000237616900018 ER PT J AU Littlefield, A Hyland, E Andalora, A Klein, N AF Littlefield, A Hyland, E Andalora, A Klein, N TI Carbon fiber/thermoplastic overwrapped gun tube SO JOURNAL OF PRESSURE VESSEL TECHNOLOGY-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 2nd Oxford Conference on Pressure Vessels Technology Applied to Gun Tubes CY APR, 2005 CL Oxford, ENGLAND AB The emphasis on lightweight large-caliber weapons systems has placed the focus on the use of advanced composite materials. Using composite materials not only directly removes weight from the gun tube but, by better balancing the tube, allows the use of smaller gun stabilization drive systems, thus further enhancing system weight loss. Additionally, the use of high stiffness composites helps with pointing accuracy and alleviating the dynamic strain phenomenon encountered with high-velocity projectiles. Traditionally though, using composites has been difficult because of the coefficient of thermal expansion mismatch between the steel substrate and the composite jacket, which causes a gap after manufacturing. Dealing with this mismatch has greatly complicated the manufacturing process in the past to the point where mass-producing the barrels would be problematic at best. By using a thermoplastic resin and a cure on the fly process, the manufacturability of the barrels has been greatly improved and the gap has been eliminated. This is the first time that this approach has been applied to a large-caliber gun tube. A 120 mm barrel has been manufactured using this process with IM7 fibers in a polyetheretherketone matrix and successfully test fired. This paper will present the design, manufacturing, and test firing of this barrel. C1 USA, RDECOM, ARDEC, Benet Labs, Watervliet, NY 12189 USA. Automated Dynam, Schenectady, NY 12305 USA. RP Littlefield, A (reprint author), USA, RDECOM, ARDEC, Benet Labs, Watervliet, NY 12189 USA. EM andrew.littlefield@us.army.mil; edward.hyland@us.army.mil; andrew.andalora@us.army.mil; Nathaniel.klein@us.army.mil NR 6 TC 3 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA SN 0094-9930 J9 J PRESS VESS-T ASME JI J. Press. Vessel Technol.-Trans. ASME PD MAY PY 2006 VL 128 IS 2 BP 257 EP 262 DI 10.1115/1.2172958 PG 6 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA 043QR UT WOS:000237616900019 ER PT J AU Tzeng, J Zielinski, A Schmidt, E AF Tzeng, J Zielinski, A Schmidt, E TI Design considerations for electromagnetic railguns SO JOURNAL OF PRESSURE VESSEL TECHNOLOGY-TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASME LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 2nd Oxford Conference on Pressure Vessels Technology Applied to Gun Tubes CY APR, 2005 CL Oxford, ENGLAND AB Electromagnetic (EM) railguns are similar to powder guns in that both provide an accelerative force to the projectile, while accepting the resulting recoil impulse. They are designed to contain lateral and axial pressure. They must be capable of surviving the thermal environment to which they are exposed. Although there are similarities, there are also striking differences. Both are explored in the present paper with emphasis placed on EM railgun design. C1 USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Tzeng, J (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 10 TC 0 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASME-AMER SOC MECHANICAL ENG PI NEW YORK PA THREE PARK AVE, NEW YORK, NY 10016-5990 USA SN 0094-9930 J9 J PRESS VESS-T ASME JI J. Press. Vessel Technol.-Trans. ASME PD MAY PY 2006 VL 128 IS 2 BP 263 EP 266 DI 10.1115/1.2172620 PG 4 WC Engineering, Mechanical SC Engineering GA 043QR UT WOS:000237616900020 ER PT J AU Cooper, GR AF Cooper, GR TI Extending the jump analysis for aerodynamic asymmetry SO JOURNAL OF SPACECRAFT AND ROCKETS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 7th International Conference on Protection of Materials and Structures from Space Environment (ICPMSE-7) CY 2004 CL Toronto, CANADA ID PROJECTILES C1 USA, Res Lab, Aerodynam Branch, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Cooper, GR (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Aerodynam Branch, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. NR 6 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER INST AERONAUT ASTRONAUT PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DRIVE, STE 500, RESTON, VA 22091-4344 USA SN 0022-4650 J9 J SPACECRAFT ROCKETS JI J. Spacecr. Rockets PD MAY-JUN PY 2006 VL 43 IS 3 BP 700 EP 703 DI 10.2514/1.17718 PG 4 WC Engineering, Aerospace SC Engineering GA 055SM UT WOS:000238470700037 ER PT J AU Vecherin, SN Ostashev, VE Goedecke, GH Wilson, DK Voronovich, AG AF Vecherin, SN Ostashev, VE Goedecke, GH Wilson, DK Voronovich, AG TI Time-dependent stochastic inversion in acoustic travel-time tomography of the atmosphere SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID SURFACE-LAYER; TURBULENT MEDIUM; BOUNDARY-LAYER; SPECTRUM; WAVES; PLANE AB Stochastic inversion is a well known technique for the solution of inverse problems in tomography. It employs the idea that the propagation medium may be represented as random with it known spatial covariance Function. In this paper, a generalization of the stochastic inverse for acoustic travel-time tomography of the atmosphere is developed. The atmospheric inhomogeneities are considered to be random. not only in space but also ill time. This allows one to incorporate tomographic data (travel times) obtained at different times to estimate the state of the propagation given time by using spatial -temporal covariance functions of atmospheric medium at any turbulence. This increases the amount of data without increasing, the number Of sources and/Or receivers. A numerical simulation for two-dimensional travel-time acoustic tomography of the atmosphere is performed in which travel times between sources to receivers are calculated. given the temperature and wind velocity fields. These travel times are used as data for reconstructing the original fields Using both the ordinary stochastic inversion and the proposed time-dependent stochastic inversion algorithms. The time-dependent stochastic Inversion produces a good match to the specified temperature and wind velocity fields, with average errors about half those of the ordinary stochastic inverse. (c) 2006 Acoustical Society of America. C1 New Mexico State Univ, Dept Phys, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. NOAA, Earth Syst Res Lab, Boulder, CO 80305 USA. USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Vecherin, SN (reprint author), New Mexico State Univ, Dept Phys, Las Cruces, NM 88003 USA. RI Wilson, D. Keith/A-4687-2012 OI Wilson, D. Keith/0000-0002-8020-6871 NR 27 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 3 PU ACOUSTICAL SOC AMER AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0001-4966 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD MAY PY 2006 VL 119 IS 5 BP 2579 EP 2588 DI 10.1121/1.2180535 PN 1 PG 10 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA 041ME UT WOS:000237459500004 ER PT J AU Hay, KJ Johnsen, BE Ginochio, PR Cooper, JA AF Hay, KJ Johnsen, BE Ginochio, PR Cooper, JA TI Relative accuracy testing of an X-ray fluorescence-based mercury monitor at coal-fired boilers SO JOURNAL OF THE AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID CONTINUOUS EMISSIONS MONITOR; ATOMIC-ABSORPTION AB The relative accuracy (RA) of a newly developed mercury continuous emissions monitor, based on X-ray fluorescence, was determined by comparing analysis results at coal-fired plants with two certified reference methods (American Society for Testing and Materials [ASTM] Method D6784-02 and U.S. Environment Protection Agency [EPA] Method 29). During the first determination, the monitor had an RA of 25% compared with ASTM Method D6784-02 (Ontario Hydro Method). However, the Ontario Hydro Method performed poorly, because the mercury concentrations were near the detection limit of the reference method. The mercury in this exhaust stream was primarily elemental. The second test was performed at a U.S. Army boiler against EPA Reference Method 29. Mercury and arsenic were spiked because of expected low mercury concentrations. The monitor had an RA of 16% for arsenic and 17% for mercury, meeting RA requirements of EPA Performance Specification 12a. The results suggest that the sampling stream contained significant percentages of both elemental and oxidized mercury. The monitor was successful at measuring total mercury in particulate and vapor forms. C1 US Army Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Consturct Engn Res Lab, Champaign, IL USA. Cooper Environm Serv, Portland, OR USA. RP Hay, KJ (reprint author), US Army Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Consturct Engn Res Lab, Champaign, IL USA. EM kent.j.hay@erdc.usace.army.mil NR 21 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 1 U2 1 PU AIR & WASTE MANAGEMENT ASSOC PI PITTSBURGH PA ONE GATEWAY CENTER, THIRD FL, PITTSBURGH, PA 15222 USA SN 1047-3289 J9 J AIR WASTE MANAGE JI J. Air Waste Manage. Assoc. PD MAY PY 2006 VL 56 IS 5 BP 657 EP 665 PG 9 WC Engineering, Environmental; Environmental Sciences; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 040IK UT WOS:000237372000015 PM 16739803 ER PT J AU Ali, SO Vogel, PS AF Ali, SO Vogel, PS TI Surgical Pearl: Simple method for controlling surgical sharps SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material ID INJURIES C1 San Antonio Uniformed Serv Hlth Educ Consortium D, Ft Sam Houston, TX USA. RP Vogel, PS (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Dermatol, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 6 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0190-9622 J9 J AM ACAD DERMATOL JI J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. PD MAY PY 2006 VL 54 IS 5 BP 878 EP 879 DI 10.1016/j.jaad.2005.05.050 PG 2 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 037AR UT WOS:000237119600018 PM 16635672 ER PT J AU Lackey, JN Norton, SA AF Lackey, JN Norton, SA TI Implications of botulinum toxin injection of the brow SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ACADEMY OF DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Letter C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Dermatol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Norton, SA (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Dermatol, 6900 Georgia Ave, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM Scott.norton@na.amedd.army.mil NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0190-9622 J9 J AM ACAD DERMATOL JI J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. PD MAY PY 2006 VL 54 IS 5 BP 921 EP 922 DI 10.1016/j.jaad.2005.11.1065 PG 2 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 037AR UT WOS:000237119600036 PM 16635690 ER PT J AU Bostick, AC Stoffregen, DE Johnson, TE AF Bostick, AC Stoffregen, DE Johnson, TE TI Response of lightly and highly pigmented porcine skin (Sus scrofa domestica) to single 3.8-mu m laser radiation pulses SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN ASSOCIATION FOR LABORATORY ANIMAL SCIENCE LA English DT Article ID ABLATION; MODELS; WATER; PIG AB The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of melanin on skin response to single 3.8-mu m, 8-mu s laser pulses and the difference in lesion formation thresholds. Our hypothesis was that pigmentation would play a significant role in skin energy absorption at 3.8 mu m. Previous studies comparing pigmented and lightly pigmented porcine skin with human skin found that compared with Yorkshire pigs, Yucatan minipigs were a superior model for laser skin exposure because of their higher pigmentation levels. In the current study, 10 pigs under general anesthesia were exposed to 3.8-mu m laser pulses ranging from 0.01J/cm(2) to 93 J/cm(2). Gross examinations and skin biopsies were done 24 h after laser exposure, and histologic examinations were conducted on these tissue samples. The 24-h effective dose (ED50) was determined to be 4.5J/cm(2) for Yucatan mini-pigs and 2.6J/cm(2) for Yorkshire pigs. As deposited energy was increased, the lesion presentation progressed from desiccation of the superficial layer of epidermis (4J/cm(2)) to desiccation with inflammatory centers (14J/cm(2)), and finally to replacement of inflammatory areas with an epidermal ulcerated central area (>= 21J/cm(2)). Therefore we found no statistical difference between the 24-h ED50 of the 2 breeds of pigs, nor was there any difference in histologic presentation at 24 h postexposure. C1 Colorado State Univ, Dept Environm & Radiol Hlth Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Johnson, TE (reprint author), Colorado State Univ, Dept Environm & Radiol Hlth Sci, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. EM E.Johnson@ColoState.EDU NR 19 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ASSOC LABORATORY ANIMAL SCIENCE PI MEMPHIS PA 9190 CRESTWYN HILLS DR, MEMPHIS, TN 38125 USA SN 1060-0558 J9 J AM ASSOC LAB ANIM JI J. Amer. Assoc. Lab. Anim. Sci. PD MAY PY 2006 VL 45 IS 3 BP 33 EP 37 PG 5 WC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology SC Veterinary Sciences; Zoology GA 043PF UT WOS:000237612800006 PM 16642968 ER PT J AU Vertrees, A Kellicut, D Ottman, S Peoples, G Shriver, C AF Vertrees, A Kellicut, D Ottman, S Peoples, G Shriver, C TI Early definitive abdominal closure using serial closure technique on injured soldiers returning from Afghanistan and Iraq SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF SURGEONS LA English DT Article ID OPERATION-ENDURING-FREEDOM; PLANNED VENTRAL HERNIA; VACUUM PACK TECHNIQUE; OPEN ABDOMEN; COMPARTMENT SYNDROME; FASCIAL CLOSURE; 7-YEAR EXPERIENCE; SURGICAL-TEAM; WALL DEFECTS; CASUALTIES AB BACKGROUND: Twenty-nine of 1,284 battle-injured soldiers arriving at Walter Reed Army Medical Center from Operations Enduring Freedom and Iraqi Freedom have abdominal wounds requiring delayed definitive closure with Gore-Tex (WL Gore & Assoc) mesh. METHODS: Serial abdominal closure (SAC) leading to early definitive abdominal closure (EDAC) was achieved using Gore-Tex mesh. Inpatient records of Operations Enduring Freedom and Iraqi Freedom soldiers with open or reopened abdomens were reviewed from March 2003 to August 2005. RESULTS: Twenty-nine soldiers, average age 27 years (range 20 to 42 years) injured by secondary blast effects (n = 19); penetrating (n = 8); motor vehicle crashes (n = 1); and crushing injury (n = 1) were included in the study. Patients arrived at Walter Reed Army Medical Center 8 days (range 3 to 56 days) after injury with Gore-Tex mesh placed 6 days (range 0 to 26 days) from arrival and 14 days (range 4 to 79 days) from injury. SAC was achieved with towel clamp tightening or excision of midline mesh and drawing fascia closer to the midline for an average of 46 days (range 15 to 160 days) before EDAC. One patient is undergoing SAC and another was transferred to another facility. EDAC was achieved in 24 of the remaining of 27 patients (89%). Four patients required early removal of the Gore-Tex mesh, resulting in three patients with planned ventral hernia. One patient underwent EDAC with primary closure mid fascial release. EDAC was completed with polypropylene mesh in 17 patients and 6 patients had original Gore-Tex in place. Patients were discharged from the hospital an average of 18 days after closure (range 1 to 89 days) with total hospital days of 62 (range 17 to 197 days). Average followup of patients from placement of Gore-Tex mesh is 264 days (range 31 to 855 days). CONCLUSIONS: SAC with Gore-Tex mesh led to EDAC in 89% of patients and proved to be a safe and effective alternative to planned ventral hernia. SAC allowed protection of abdominal contents, effective fluid management, reclamation of abdominal domain, and early rehabilitation with minimal complications and only one hernia reoccurrence. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Gen Surg, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Greenville Hosp Syst Univ Med Ctr, Dept Vasc Surg, Greenville, SC USA. Moncreif Army Community Hosp, Ft Jackson, SC USA. RP Vertrees, A (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Gen Surg, Bldg 2,5th Floor,6900 Georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM amy.vertrees@na.amedd.army.mil NR 26 TC 27 Z9 30 U1 1 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1072-7515 J9 J AM COLL SURGEONS JI J. Am. Coll. Surg. PD MAY PY 2006 VL 202 IS 5 BP 762 EP 772 DI 10.1016/j.jamcollsurg.2006.02.008 PG 11 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA 040IS UT WOS:000237372800007 PM 16648016 ER PT J AU Yu, CG Liu, ZQ McKenna, T Reisner, AT Reifman, J AF Yu, CG Liu, ZQ McKenna, T Reisner, AT Reifman, J TI A method for automatic identification of reliable heart rates calculated from ECG and PPG waveforms SO JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN MEDICAL INFORMATICS ASSOCIATION LA English DT Article ID TRAUMA PATIENTS; HOLTER ECG; RECOGNITION; SYSTEM AB Objective: The development and application of data-driven decision-support systems for medical triage, diagnostics, and prognostics pose special requirements on physiologic data. In particular, that data are reliable in order to produce meaningful results. The authors describe a method that automatically estimates the reliability of reference heart rates (HRr) derived from electrocardiogram (ECG) waveforms and photoplethysmogram (PPG) waveforms recorded by vital-signs monitors. The reliability is quantitatively expressed through a quality index QI) for each HRr. Design: The proposed method estimates the reliability of heart rates from vital-signs monitors by (1) assessing the quality of the ECG and PPG waveforms, (2) separately computing heart rates from these waveforms, and (3) concisely combining this information into a QI that considers the physical redundancy of the signal sources and independence of heart rate calculations. The assessment of the waveforms is performed by a Support Vector Machine classifier and the independent computation of heart rate from the waveforms is performed by an adaptive peak identification technique, termed ADAPIT, which is designed to filter out motion-induced noise. Results: The authors evaluated the method against 158 randomly selected data samples of trauma patients collected during helicopter transport, each sample consisting of 7-second ECG and PPG waveform. segments and their associated HRr. They compared the results of the algorithm against manual analysis performed by human experts and found that in 92% of the cases, the algorithm either matches or is more conservative than the human's QI qualification. In the remaining 8% of the cases, the algorithm infers a less conservative QI, though in most cases this was because of algorithm/human disagreement over ambiguous waveform quality. If these ambiguous waveforms were relabeled, the misclassification rate would drop from 8% to 3%. C1 US Army Med Res & Mat Command MRMC, TATRC, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. Massachusetts Gen Hosp, Dept Emergency Med, Boston, MA 02114 USA. RP Reifman, J (reprint author), US Army Med Res & Mat Command MRMC, TATRC, 504 Scott St, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM jaques.reifman@us.army.mil NR 20 TC 45 Z9 46 U1 2 U2 12 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1067-5027 J9 J AM MED INFORM ASSN JI J. Am. Med. Inf. Assoc. PD MAY-JUN PY 2006 VL 13 IS 3 BP 309 EP 320 DI 10.1197/jamia.M1925 PG 12 WC Computer Science, Information Systems; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Information Science & Library Science; Medical Informatics SC Computer Science; Information Science & Library Science; Medical Informatics GA 052WI UT WOS:000238264200009 PM 16501184 ER PT J AU Zhou, F Wright, TW Ramesh, KT AF Zhou, F Wright, TW Ramesh, KT TI A numerical methodology for investigating the formation of adiabatic shear bands SO JOURNAL OF THE MECHANICS AND PHYSICS OF SOLIDS LA English DT Article DE adiabatic shear banding; numerical simulation; method of characteristics; shear band interaction ID DIPOLAR MATERIALS; THERMOVISCOPLASTIC MATERIALS; DYNAMIC FRAGMENTATION; BRITTLE MATERIALS; LOCALIZATION; PROPAGATION; IMPERFECTIONS; NONPOLAR; MODEL AB In this paper, we present a numerical approach for analyzing thermo-visco-plastic deformation in one dimension. The method, which is accurate to second order, is based on integration along the characteristic lines. It is able to simulate fully localized plastic flow with high resolution and good efficiency. We apply this numerical scheme to the analysis of shear localization, emphasizing the interactions between a single shear band and its surroundings and among the members of a periodic array of shear bands. It is found that a shear band may grow intermittently due to interactions with other bands. The developed method is specifically adequate for analyzing the self-organized multiple adiabatic formation process, which will be discussed in the follow-up paper. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Zhou, F (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Dept Mech Engn, 3400 N Charles St, Baltimore, MD 21218 USA. EM fzhou@jhu.edu NR 29 TC 27 Z9 30 U1 3 U2 18 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-5096 J9 J MECH PHYS SOLIDS JI J. Mech. Phys. Solids PD MAY PY 2006 VL 54 IS 5 BP 904 EP 926 DI 10.1016/j.jmps.2005.12.002 PG 23 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Mechanics; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Mechanics; Physics GA 032BI UT WOS:000236748500002 ER PT J AU Jones, MB Houwink, AP Freeman, BK Greenwood, TM Lafky, JM Lingle, WL Berchuck, A Maxwell, GL Podratz, KC Maihle, NJ AF Jones, MB Houwink, AP Freeman, BK Greenwood, TM Lafky, JM Lingle, WL Berchuck, A Maxwell, GL Podratz, KC Maihle, NJ TI The granulin-epithelin precursor is a steroid-regulated growth factor in endometrial cancer SO JOURNAL OF THE SOCIETY FOR GYNECOLOGIC INVESTIGATION LA English DT Article DE endometrial cancer; estrogen receptor; growth factors; granulin-epithelin precursor; PC-derived growth factor; steroid hormones; hormone-regulated cancers ID GYNECOLOGIC-ONCOLOGY-GROUP; NEONATAL-RAT HYPOTHALAMUS; PROMOTES TUMOR-GROWTH; ESTROGEN-RECEPTOR; GENE-EXPRESSION; CELL-LINE; DIFFERENTIAL REGULATION; SEROUS CARCINOMA; INDUCIBLE GENE; STROMAL CELLS AB OBJECTIVES: The majority of endometrial cancers arise as a result of estrogen stimulation, the molecular targets of which remain incompletely defined. We hypothesize that the granulin-epithelin precursor (GEP) may be one such target. In this study, we examined the frequency of GEP and estrogen receptor (ER) co-expression in human endometrial cancers. Once we established the co-expression of GEP with the estrogen receptor we examined the potential estrogen regulation of GEP expression, as well as the functional significance of GEP expression in vitro. METHODS: Double immunofluorescence and confocal microscopy were used to compare GEP and ER expression among 41 endometrial cancers. The effects of estradiol and tamoxifen treatment on GEP expression in two endometrial cancer cell lines, KLE and HEC-1-A, were assessed through reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blot analysis. The antiproliferative effect of GEP silencing by short hairpin (sh)RNA, was evaluated in HEC-1-A cells using an MTT assay. RESULTS: GEP co-expression with ER was observed in 63% of the cancers examined. A two- to fivefold increase in GEP expression with estradiol and/or tamoxifen treatment was observed in KLE cells. Silencing of GEP in HEC-1-A cells using shRNA resulted in a decrease in proliferation among transfected cells. CONCLUSIONS: Co-expression of GEP and ER in endometrial cancer cells, and the regulation of GEP by estrogen, suggests a role for GEP in steroid-mediated endometrial cancer cell growth. Further characterization of GEP as a steroid-mediated growth factor in these cells may broaden our understanding of endometrial cancer biology and also provide guidance in the development of novel therapeutic targets. C1 Mayo Clin, Rochester, MN 55905 USA. Duke Univ, Durham, NC USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC USA. Yale Univ, New Haven, CT USA. RP Jones, MB (reprint author), Mayo Clin, 200 1st St SW, Rochester, MN 55905 USA. EM jones.monica@mayo.edu NR 48 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 1071-5576 J9 J SOC GYNECOL INVEST JI J. Soc. Gynecol. Invest. PD MAY PY 2006 VL 13 IS 4 BP 304 EP 311 DI 10.1016/j.jsgi.2006.03.003 PG 8 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 046RF UT WOS:000237828000011 PM 16697948 ER PT J AU Batchinsky, AL Martini, DK Jordan, BS Dick, EJ Fudge, J Baird, CA Hardin, DE Cancio, LC AF Batchinsky, AL Martini, DK Jordan, BS Dick, EJ Fudge, J Baird, CA Hardin, DE Cancio, LC TI Acute respiratory distress syndrome secondary to inhalation of chlorine gas in sheep SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 64th Annual Meeting of the American-Association-for-the-Surgery-of-Trauma CY SEP 22, 2005 CL Atlanta, GA SP Amer Assoc Surg Trauma DE chlorine; inhalation injury; acute respiratory distress syndrome; sheep; multiple inert gas elimination technique; computed tomography ID ACUTE LUNG INJURY; PERMEABILITY PULMONARY-EDEMA; VENTILATION-PERFUSION RATIOS; NEBULIZED SODIUM-BICARBONATE; AIRWAYS DYSFUNCTION SYNDROME; PARTIAL LIQUID VENTILATION; CRITICALLY ILL PATIENTS; INHALED NITRIC-OXIDE; SMOKE-INHALATION; OVINE MODEL AB Background:. Toxic industrial chemicals (TICs) are potential terrorist weapons. Several TICs, such as chlorine, act primarily on the respiratory tract, but knowledge of the pathophysiology and treatment of these injuries is inadequate. This study aims to characterize the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) caused by chlorine gas (Cl-2) inhalation in a large-animal model. Methods: Anesthetized female sheep were ventilated with 300 L of a Cl-2/air/oxygen mixture for 30 minutes. In phase 1 (n = 35), doses were 0 ppm (Group 1, n = 6); 120 ppm (Group 2, n = 6); 240 to 350 ppm (Group 3, n 11); and 400 to 500 ppm (Group 4, n = 12). In phase 2 (n = 17), doses were 0 ppm (Group 5, n = 5); 60 ppm (Group 6, n = 5); and 90 ppm (Group 7, n = 7), and the multiple inert gas elimination technique (MIGET) was used to characterize the etiology of hypoxemia. Computed tomography (CT) scans were performed daily for all animals. Results:. In Phase 1, lung function was well maintained in Group 1; Cl, caused immediate and sustained acute lung injury (Pao(2)-to-FiO(2) ratio, PFR < 3.0) in Group 2 and ARDS (PFR < 2.0) in Groups 3 and 4. All animals in Groups 1 and 2 survived 96 hours. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed dose-related differences in survival (log-rank test, p < 0.0001). Logistic regression identified 280 ppm as the lethal dose 50%. CT and histopathology demonstrated lesions of both small airways and alveoli. In Phase 2, MIGET showed diversion of blood flow from normal to true-shunt lung compartments and, transiently, to poorly ventilated compartments. Conclusions: Cl-2 causes severe, dose-related lung injury, with features seen in both smoke inhalation and in ARDS secondary to systemic disease. This model will be used to test new therapeutic modalities. C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, Lib Branch, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Cancio, LC (reprint author), USA, Inst Surg Res, Lib Branch, 3400 Rawley E Chambers Ave, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM lee.cancio@amedd.army.mil NR 81 TC 21 Z9 24 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1079-6061 J9 J TRAUMA JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care PD MAY PY 2006 VL 60 IS 5 BP 944 EP 956 DI 10.1097/01.ta.0000205862.57701.48 PG 13 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA 044NB UT WOS:000237678100007 PM 16688054 ER PT J AU Eastridge, BJ Shafi, S Minei, JP Culica, D McConnel, C Gentilello, L AF Eastridge, BJ Shafi, S Minei, JP Culica, D McConnel, C Gentilello, L TI Economic impact of motorcycle helmets: From impact to discharge SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 63rd Annual Meeting of the American-Association-for-the-Surgery-of-Trauma/Japanese-Association-for- Acute-Medicine CY SEP 29-OCT 02, 2004 CL Maui, HI SP Amer Assoc Surg Trauma, Japanese Assoc Acute Med DE motorcycle; helmet; injury; cost; trauma ID HEAD-INJURY; USE-LAW; COSTS; CRASHES; REPEAL; FATALITIES; TRAUMA; RATES AB Background: The economic impact of helmet use remains controversial. Previous studies of injured motorcyclists suggest a marginal inpatient hospital cost difference between helmeted and unhelmeted riders. The purpose of this study was to expand the economic analysis of motorcycle helmet utilization to the point of injury by including motorcycle crash patients who do not require hospital admission. Methods: Prehospital motorcycle crash data were collected from the National Highway Transportation Safety Administration (NHTSA) General Estimates System (GES) database from 1994 to 2002 with respect to helmet use, injury severity, and transport to a hospital. A focused literature search yielded the hospital admission rates of helmeted and unhelmeted motorcyclists evaluated in the emergency department. The National Trauma Data Bank (NTDB) was queried from 1994 to 2002 to collect data including helmet use and hospital charges for injured motorcyclists. Cost analysis was performed by linkage of the queried databases and data from the literature. Statistical comparisons between groups were performed using an independent samples t test and chi(2) analysis. Results: The NHTSA GES database yielded 5,328 sample patients. 1,854 patients (34.8%) were unhelmeted and 3,474 (65.2%) were helmeted. Transport to a hospital was required of 78.6% of unhelmeted and 73.3% of helmeted patients (p < 0.01). Of motorcyclists evaluated in the emergency department, 39.9% of unhelmeted and 32.8% of helmeted patients required hospital admission. NTDB analysis of injured motorcyclists from the concomitant interval yielded 9,033 patients in whom helmet use data were available and 5,343 patients for whom associated hospital cost data were available. Unhelmeted motorcyclists incurred charges of $39,390 + $1,436 per injury, whereas helmeted motorcyclists incurred charges of $36,334 + $1,232 per injury. Mathematical extrapolation derived a charge of $12,353 per unhelmeted and $8,735 per helmeted motorcyclist for every crash with a difference of $3,618 between helmeted and unhelmeted riders involved in a motorcycle crash. Conclusion: With a current estimate of 197,608 motorcycle crashes/year in which 69,163 riders were unhelmeted, the differential healthcare economic burden between unhelmeted and helmeted motorcyclists is approximately $250,231, 734 per year and underscores the need for improved legislation to improve motorcycle helmet utilization. C1 Univ Texas, SW Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Dallas, TX 75235 USA. Univ Texas, SW Med Ctr, Dept Hlth Care Econ, Dallas, TX 75235 USA. Univ Texas, Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Management Policy & Community Hlth, Houston, TX USA. RP Eastridge, BJ (reprint author), USA, Inst Surg Res, MCHE SDI, 3400 E Rawley Chambers Ave,Bldg 3611, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM brian.eastridge@amedd.army.mil NR 30 TC 42 Z9 43 U1 1 U2 5 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1079-6061 J9 J TRAUMA JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care PD MAY PY 2006 VL 60 IS 5 BP 978 EP 983 DI 10.1097/01.ta.0000215582.86115.01 PG 6 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA 044NB UT WOS:000237678100015 PM 16688058 ER PT J AU Cancio, LC Batchinsky, AI Mansfield, JR Panasyuk, S Hetz, K Martini, D Jordan, BS Tracey, B Freeman, JE AF Cancio, LC Batchinsky, AI Mansfield, JR Panasyuk, S Hetz, K Martini, D Jordan, BS Tracey, B Freeman, JE TI Hyperspectral imaging: A new approach to the diagnosis of hemorrhagic shock SO JOURNAL OF TRAUMA-INJURY INFECTION AND CRITICAL CARE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 18th Annual Meeting of the Eastern-Association-for-the-Surgery-of-Trauma CY JAN 11-15, 2005 CL Ft Lauderdale, FL SP Eastern Assoc Surg Trauma DE hemorrhagic shock; diagnostic imaging; spectrum analysis; skin; hemoglobins; oxyhemoglobins; pig ID NEAR-INFRARED SPECTROSCOPY; CUTANEOUS MICROCIRCULATION; DESFLURANE ANESTHESIA; SYMPATHETIC ACTIVITY; TISSUE PERFUSION; NITRIC-OXIDE; ISOFLURANE; SATURATION; PRESSURE; RESUSCITATION AB Background. Skin color changes and mottling are frequently described signs of hemorrhagic shock (HEM). Based on this, we developed a noninvasive, noncontact hyperspectral imaging system (HSI), which quantifies and depicts the surface tissue saturation of oxygen (SHSIO2) for each pixel in a region of interest (ROI). Our purpose was to assess HSI in a porcine HEM model. We hypothesized that HEM would cause decreases in SHSIO2 of the skin. Methods. The HyperMed HSI system employs a spectral separator to vary the wavelength of light admitted to a digital camera. During image acquisition, a "hypercube" of images, each at a separate wavelength, is generated (at 5-nm intervals, from 500 to 600 nm). Then, the visible light spectrum for each pixel in the hypercube is compared by linear regression to standard spectra for oxyhemoglobin (OxyHb) and deoxyhemoglobin (DeoxyHb). The resulting fit coefficients for OxyHb and DeoxyHb are used to calculate SHSIO2 values for each pixel in the ROL The mean values for OxyHb, DeoxyHb, and SHSIO2 across the ROI are calculated. Grayscale SHSIO2 pictures of the ROI are also generated, in which the brightness of each pixel is proportional to its value. Seventeen pigs, 36.4 +/- 0.11 kg, underwent standard preparation, and were maintained on ketamine and isoflurane. Normothermia was maintained (37 degrees C to 39 degrees C). The hemorrhage group (HEM, n = 9) underwent three blood withdrawals, each 10 mL/kg, with 15 minutes between withdrawals. After the third withdrawal, animals were resuscitated with lactated Ringer's and then shed blood. The control group (CTRL, n = 8) received intravenous fluids at 100 mL/h. HSI images were obtained of the inner hindlimb throughout. Results: All HEM animals showed linear decreases in both mean SHSIO2 and OxyHb values with blood loss, which were reversed by resuscitation. These changes were evident on the grayscale SHSIO2 pictures, but not to the naked eye, and paralleled those of invasively obtained arterial base excess and mixed venous oxygen saturation. Conclusions: HSI is a promising noninvasive and noncontact tool for quantifying changes in skin oxygenation during HEM and resuscitation. C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. HyperMed Inc, Watertown, MA USA. RP Cancio, LC (reprint author), USA, Inst Surg Res, 3400 Rawley E,Chambers Ave, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM lee.cancio@amedd.army.mil NR 40 TC 44 Z9 46 U1 1 U2 9 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1079-6061 J9 J TRAUMA JI J. Trauma-Injury Infect. Crit. Care PD MAY PY 2006 VL 60 IS 5 BP 1087 EP 1095 DI 10.1097/01.ta.0000217357.10617.3d PG 9 WC Critical Care Medicine; Surgery SC General & Internal Medicine; Surgery GA 044NB UT WOS:000237678100035 PM 16688075 ER PT J AU Morey, AF AF Morey, AF TI Changing composition of renal calculi in patients with neurogenic bladder - Comment SO JOURNAL OF UROLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Serv Urol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Morey, AF (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Serv Urol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-5347 J9 J UROLOGY JI J. Urol. PD MAY PY 2006 VL 175 IS 5 BP 1719 EP 1719 DI 10.1016/S0022-5347(06)00159-5 PG 1 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 034KR UT WOS:000236928400033 ER PT J AU Ervin, MH Jones, KA Lee, U Wood, MC AF Ervin, MH Jones, KA Lee, U Wood, MC TI Approach to optimizing n-SiC Ohmic contacts by replacing the original contacts with a second metal SO JOURNAL OF VACUUM SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY B LA English DT Article ID DEVICES AB Nickel (Ni) contacts to n-type silicon carbide (n-SiC) have good electrical properties, but the physical contact, and therefore the reliability, is poor. An approach is described for using the good electrical properties of Ni Ohmic contacts, while using another metal for its superior topological, mechanical, thermal, or chemical properties for the chosen application. In the present work, we show that once the Ni contact has been annealed, forming nickel silicides, it can be etched off and replaced by a second metal chosen for its desired properties. This second metal displays an as-deposited contact resistance as low as the original annealed Ni contact, indicating that the critical feature responsible for Ohmic contact formation has not been removed when the silicide phases were etched off. Not only does this. approach provide more flexibility for optimizing the contact for a given application but it also provides some insight into the Ohmic contact formation mechanism. C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Ervin, MH (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM mervin@arl.army.mil NR 16 TC 16 Z9 17 U1 2 U2 5 PU A V S AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 1071-1023 J9 J VAC SCI TECHNOL B JI J. Vac. Sci. Technol. B PD MAY-JUN PY 2006 VL 24 IS 3 BP 1185 EP 1189 DI 10.1116/1.2190663 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA 060GH UT WOS:000238790000017 ER PT J AU Lam, K Telgenhoff, D Cooper, M Villareal, K Ramsay, S Vasquez, V Attar, P Shroot, B AF Lam, K Telgenhoff, D Cooper, M Villareal, K Ramsay, S Vasquez, V Attar, P Shroot, B TI Effect of papain-urea-copper chlorophyllin on healing quality in porcine model of acute infected full-thickness wounds SO JOURNAL OF WOUND OSTOMY AND CONTINENCE NURSING LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Healthpoint Ltd, Ft Worth, TX USA. DFB Pharmaceut, San Antonio, TX USA. USA, Vet Corps, San Antonio, TX USA. EM kan.lam@healthpoint.com NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1071-5754 J9 J WOUND OSTOMY CONT JI J. Wound Ostomy Cont. Nurs. PD MAY-JUN PY 2006 VL 33 IS 3 SU 1 BP S55 EP S55 PG 1 WC Nursing SC Nursing GA 047AN UT WOS:000237852300164 ER PT J AU Telgenhoff, D Lam, K Cooper, M Villareal, K Ramsay, S Vasquez, V Attar, P Shroot, B AF Telgenhoff, D Lam, K Cooper, M Villareal, K Ramsay, S Vasquez, V Attar, P Shroot, B TI Effects of papain-urea-copper chlorophyllin ointment and its active components on healing in acute infected pig wounds SO JOURNAL OF WOUND OSTOMY AND CONTINENCE NURSING LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 DFB Pharmaceut, San Antonio, TX USA. Healthpoint Ltd, Ft Worth, TX USA. USA, Vet Corps, San Antonio, TX USA. EM dale.telgenhoff@dfb.com NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1071-5754 J9 J WOUND OSTOMY CONT JI J. Wound Ostomy Cont. Nurs. PD MAY-JUN PY 2006 VL 33 IS 3 SU 1 BP S54 EP S55 PG 2 WC Nursing SC Nursing GA 047AN UT WOS:000237852300163 ER PT J AU Brundage, JF AF Brundage, JF TI Interactions between influenza and bacterial respiratory pathogens: implications for pandemic preparedness SO LANCET INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Review ID STAPHYLOCOCCUS-AUREUS PNEUMONIA; EPIDEMIC MENINGOCOCCAL DISEASE; TOXIC SHOCK SYNDROME; HONG KONG INFLUENZA; PURULENT BRONCHITIS; SPANISH INFLUENZA; STREPTOCOCCUS-PNEUMONIAE; PNEUMOCOCCAL PNEUMONIA; VIRAL-INFECTIONS; ASIAN INFLUENZA AB It is commonly believed that the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of the next influenza pandemic will mimic those of the 1918 pandemic. Determinative beliefs regarding the 1918 pandemic include that infections were expressed as primary viral pneumonias and/or acute respiratory distress syndrome, that pandemic-related deaths were the end states of the natural progression of disease caused by the pandemic strain, and that bacterial superinfections caused relatively fewer deaths in 1918 than in subsequent pandemics. In turn, response plans are focused on developing and/or increasing inventories of a strain-specific vaccine, antivirals, intensive care beds, mechanical ventilators, and so on. Yet, there is strong and consistent evidence of epidemiologically and clinically important interactions between influenza and secondary bacterial respiratory pathogens, including during the 1918 pandemic. Countermeasures (eg, vaccination against pneumococcal and meningococcal disease before a pandemic; mass uses of antibiotic(s) with broad spectrums of activity against common bacterial respiratory pathogens during local epidemics) designed to prevent or mitigate the effects of influenza-bacterial interactions should be major focuses of pandemic-related research, prevention, and response planning. C1 USA, Med Surveillance Act, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Brundage, JF (reprint author), USA, Med Surveillance Act, Bldg T-20,Room 213,6900 Georgia Ave,NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM john.brundage@amedd.army.mil NR 93 TC 183 Z9 187 U1 3 U2 11 PU LANCET LTD PI LONDON PA 84 THEOBALDS RD, LONDON WC1X 8RR, ENGLAND SN 1473-3099 J9 LANCET INFECT DIS JI Lancet Infect. Dis. PD MAY PY 2006 VL 6 IS 5 BP 303 EP 312 DI 10.1016/S1473-3099(06)70466-2 PG 10 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 034YH UT WOS:000236966300023 PM 16631551 ER PT J AU Bhattacharjee, AK AF Bhattacharjee, AK TI In silico three dimensional pharmacophore models to aid the discovery and design of new antimalarial agents SO LETTERS IN DRUG DESIGN & DISCOVERY LA English DT Article ID RESISTANT PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM; CHLOROQUINE RESISTANCE; STEREOELECTRONIC PROPERTIES; DRUG DESIGN; INVITRO; REVERSAL; MALARIA; VITRO; NEUROTOXICITY; TRYPTANTHRIN AB Malaria is one of the most dangerous diseases affecting primarily poor people of tropical and subtropical regions of the world with a worldwide death toll of over 1.5 million a year coupled with increasing resistance to common antimalarial drugs, such as chloroquine and mefloquine., justifies WHO's appeal for search and delivery of novel antimalarial drugs as quick as possible. This review describes how by using in silico (computational) methods, specifically three-dimensional QSAR pharmacophores developed from known antimalarial compounds could be used as screening tools for identification of potential new candidates through search of virtual compound libraries. The review is based on two select examples of pharmacophore models published by us recently: the antimalarial indolo[2,1-b]quinazoline-6,12-diones (tryptanthrins) and the tricyclic antidepressants as chloroquine (CQ) resistance reversal agents. The model developed from the tryptanthrins was found to correlate well with this class of compounds and predictive for other known antimalarials of different chemical classes, such as quinolines, chalcones, rhodamine dyes, Pfmrk (malarial cyclin dependent kinase inhibitors), malarial FabH (KASIII) inhibitors, and plasmepsin inhibitors. Similarly, the CQ-resistance reversal model too is found to be fairly well correlated for the tricyclic antidepressants and predictive for a variety of other known CQ-resistance reversal agents. The pharmacophores allowed search and identification of potent antimalarial compounds from in-house databases and enabled custom designed synthesis of new potent analogues. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Expt Therapeut, Dept Med Chem, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Bhattacharjee, AK (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Expt Therapeut, Dept Med Chem, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM apurba.bhattacharjee@na.amedd.army.mil NR 45 TC 2 Z9 4 U1 1 U2 6 PU BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBL LTD PI SHARJAH PA EXECUTIVE STE Y26, PO BOX 7917, SAIF ZONE, 1200 BR SHARJAH, U ARAB EMIRATES SN 1570-1808 J9 LETT DRUG DES DISCOV JI Lett. Drug Des. Discov. PD MAY PY 2006 VL 3 IS 4 BP 219 EP 235 DI 10.2174/157018006776743189 PG 17 WC Chemistry, Medicinal SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 052QE UT WOS:000238247500002 ER PT J AU Tang, ZJ Butkus, MA Xie, YFF AF Tang, ZJ Butkus, MA Xie, YFF TI Crumb rubber filtration: A potential technology for ballast water treatment SO MARINE ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE ballast water; crumb rubber; filtration; invasive species; phytoplankton; scrap tires; zooplankton ID REMOVAL AB The removal of turbidity, particles, phytoplankton and zooplankton in water by crumb rubber filtration was investigated. A substantial reduction was achieved. Of the three variables, filter depth, media size and filtration rate, media size had the most significant influence. Smaller media size favored higher removal efficiency of all targeted matter. There was no apparent relationship between removal efficiency and filter depth. Higher filtration rate resulted in lower removal efficiency and higher head loss. Compared with conventional granular media filters, crumb rubber filters required less backwash, and developed lower head loss. Consequently crumb rubber filters could be run for a longer time or allow a higher filtration rate. The results also indicate that the crumb rubber filtration alone did not achieve the target removal of invasive species. However, crumb rubber filtration could potentially be used as a primary treatment technology to enhance the efficiency of a secondary treatment process (e.g., disinfection). (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Penn State Univ, Environm Engn Program, Middletown, PA 17057 USA. US Mil Acad, Dept Geog & Environm Engn, West Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Xie, YFF (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Environm Engn Program, Sci & Technol Bldg,TL175,777 W Harrisburg Pike, Middletown, PA 17057 USA. EM yxx4@psu.edu NR 23 TC 39 Z9 40 U1 1 U2 13 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0141-1136 J9 MAR ENVIRON RES JI Mar. Environ. Res. PD MAY PY 2006 VL 61 IS 4 BP 410 EP 423 DI 10.1016/j.marenvres.2005.06.003 PG 14 WC Environmental Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Toxicology SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Marine & Freshwater Biology; Toxicology GA 044KH UT WOS:000237670700003 PM 16458350 ER PT J AU Jacobson, SH Mclay, LA Hall, SN Henderson, D Vaughan, DE AF Jacobson, SH Mclay, LA Hall, SN Henderson, D Vaughan, DE TI Optimal search strategies using simultaneous generalized hill climbing algorithms SO MATHEMATICAL AND COMPUTER MODELLING LA English DT Article DE search and rescue operations; simulated annealing; local search algorithms; traveling salesman problem AB Optimal search strategies for conducting reconnaissance, surveillance or search and rescue operations with limited assets are of significant interest to military decision makers. Multiple search platforms with varying capabilities can be deployed individually or simultaneously for these operations (e.g., helicopters, fixed wing or satellite). Due to the timeliness required in these operations, efficient use of available search platforms is critical to the success of such missions. Designing optimal search strategies over multiple search platforms can be modeled and solved as a multiple traveling salesman problem (MTSP). This paper demonstrates how simultaneous generalized hill climbing algorithms (SGHC) can be used to determine optimal search strategies over multiple search platforms for the MTSP. Computational results with SGHC algorithms applied to the MTSP are reported. These results demonstrate that when limited computing budgets are available, optimal/near-optimal search strategies over multiple search platforms can be obtained more efficiently using SGHC algorithms compared to other generalized hill climbing algorithms. Applications and extensions of this research to other military applications are also discussed. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Illinois, Dept Mech & Ind Engn, Simulat & Optimizat Lab, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. US Mil Acad, Dept Math Sci, West Point, NY 10996 USA. Los Alamos Natl Lab, Los Alamos, NM 87544 USA. RP Jacobson, SH (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Mech & Ind Engn, Simulat & Optimizat Lab, 1206 W Green St,MC-244, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM shj@uiuc.edu; lalbert@uiuc.edu; snhall@uiuc.edu; darrall@stanfordalumni.org; dev@lanl.gov OI Jacobson, Sheldon/0000-0002-9042-8750 NR 17 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0895-7177 J9 MATH COMPUT MODEL JI Math. Comput. Model. PD MAY PY 2006 VL 43 IS 9-10 BP 1061 EP 1073 DI 10.1016/j.mcm.2005.05.025 PG 13 WC Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Computer Science, Software Engineering; Mathematics, Applied SC Computer Science; Mathematics GA 046MP UT WOS:000237816000007 ER PT J AU Beidleman, BA Muza, SR Fulco, CS Friedlander, AL Cymerman, A AF Beidleman, Beth A. Muza, Stephen R. Fulco, Charles S. Friedlander, Anne L. Cymerman, Allen TI Maximal Cardiorespiratory Responses During Acute Exposure to 4300 M; Challenging Previous Research Using a Multi-Study Database SO MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Res Inst Environm Medi, Natick, MA 01760 USA. VA Palo Alto Hlth Care Syst, Palo Alto, CA USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0195-9131 J9 MED SCI SPORT EXER JI Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. PD MAY PY 2006 VL 38 IS 5 SU S BP 73 EP 73 DI 10.1249/00005768-200605001-00021 PG 1 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA V19KH UT WOS:000208070800021 ER PT J AU Castellani, JW Delany, JP O'Brien, C Hoyt, RW Santee, WR Young, AJ AF Castellani, JW Delany, JP O'Brien, C Hoyt, RW Santee, WR Young, AJ TI Energy expenditure in men and women during 54 h of exercise and caloric deprivation SO MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE LA English DT Article DE deuterium oxide; fatigue; military personnel; telemetry ID DOUBLY-LABELED WATER; STRENUOUS EXERCISE; COLD-EXPOSURE; HUMANS; BALANCE; SOLDIERS; THERMOREGULATION; TEMPERATURE; PERFORMANCE; VALIDATION AB Purpose: To characterize and compare the total energy expenditure (TEE) and core temperature responses in men and women working almost continuously for 2.25 d in an outdoor environment while developing a substantial energy deficit. Methods: TEE was measured using doubly labeled water ((D2O)-O-18). Energy intake was estimated using beverage diaries and collecting ration wrappers saved by each volunteer and adding the known caloric value of each food item consumed. Core temperature was measured using ail ingested thermometer pill. Physical activity level (PAL) was calculated by dividing TEE by the calculated basal metabolic rate. Results: TEE was higher (P < 0.001) for the men (25.7 MJ center dot d(-1)) than women (19.8 MJ center dot d(-1)), but there were no differences between men and women in TEE normalized to body mass (men, 0.35 +/- 0.05 MJ-d(-1)center dot kg(-1); women, 0.34 +/- 0.06 MJ center dot d(-1)center dot kg(-1)), corrected body mass (men, 0.29 +/- 0.04 MJ center dot d(-1)center dot kg(-1) corrected body mass; women, 0.27 +/- 0.04 MJ-d(-1)center dot kg(-1) corrected body mass). fat-free mass (men, 0.41 +/- 0.07 MJ center dot d(-1)center dot kg FFM-1: women, 0.46 +/- 0.07 MJ center dot d(-1)center dot kg FFM-1), or corrected fat-free mass (men, 0.30 +/- 0.05 MJ center dot d(-1)center dot kg(-1) corrected body mass: women, 0.30 0.04 0.30 0.05 MJ-d-'-kg-l corrected body mass). PAL was the same for men (3.4 +/- 0.5) and women (3.3 +/- 0.4). Energy intakes were higher (P < 0.05) in men (6.0 +/- 2.0 MJ center dot d(-1)) than women (4.8 +/- 1.8 MJ center dot d(-1)). The average minimum core temperature was 36.0 +/- 0.4 degrees C, and the mean maximum core temperature was 38.5 +/- 0.3 degrees C. Conclusions: For both men and women, total energy expenditures were among the highest observed for a military FEX. TEE, when normalized or corrected to body mass and fat-free mass, and PAL were the same for men and women. C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Thermal & Mt Med Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Pennington Biomed Res Ctr, Baton Rouge, LA USA. RP Castellani, JW (reprint author), USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Thermal & Mt Med Div, 42 Kansas St, Natick, MA 01760 USA. EM john.castellani@us.army.mil NR 30 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 6 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0195-9131 J9 MED SCI SPORT EXER JI Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. PD MAY PY 2006 VL 38 IS 5 BP 894 EP 900 DI 10.1249/01.mss.0000218122.59968.eb PG 7 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA 041ZF UT WOS:000237495500014 PM 16672843 ER PT J AU Alemany, JA Welsh, TT Kraemer, WJ Spiering, BA Hatfield, DL Staab, JS Yamamoto, LM Evans, RK Sharp, MA Harman, EA Maresh, CM Nindl, BC AF Alemany, Joseph A. Welsh, Timothy T. Kraemer, William J. Spiering, Barry A. Hatfield, Disa L. Staab, Jeffery S. Yamamoto, Linda M. Evans, Rachel K. Sharp, Marilyn A. Harman, Everett A. Maresh, Carl M. Nindl, Bradley C. TI Strength and Power Development in Women: Individual vs. Combined Effects of Resistance and Aerobic Training SO MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Alemany, Joseph A.; Welsh, Timothy T.; Staab, Jeffery S.; Evans, Rachel K.; Sharp, Marilyn A.; Harman, Everett A.; Nindl, Bradley C.] USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. [Kraemer, William J.; Spiering, Barry A.; Hatfield, Disa L.; Yamamoto, Linda M.; Maresh, Carl M.] Univ Connecticut, Storrs, CT USA. EM joseph.alemany@us.army.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0195-9131 J9 MED SCI SPORT EXER JI Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. PD MAY PY 2006 VL 38 IS 5 SU S BP S287 EP S288 PG 2 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA V19KH UT WOS:000208070802423 ER PT J AU Bathalon, GP Young, AJ Worley, MA Kinsey, RF Friedl, KE AF Bathalon, Gaston P. Young, Andrew J. Worley, Maria A. Kinsey, Rene F. Friedl, Karl E. TI Assessment of Excess Weight and Fat in Army Weight Control Program Participants SO MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Bathalon, Gaston P.; Young, Andrew J.; Friedl, Karl E.] USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. [Worley, Maria A.; Kinsey, Rene F.] USA, Med Command, Ft Sam Houston, TX USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0195-9131 J9 MED SCI SPORT EXER JI Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. PD MAY PY 2006 VL 38 IS 5 SU S BP S467 EP S468 PG 2 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA V19KH UT WOS:000208070803357 ER PT J AU Catrambone, DE Evans, RK Israeli, E Yanovich, R Moran, DS AF Catrambone, Daniel E. Evans, Rachel K. Israeli, Eran Yanovich, Ran Moran, Daniel S. TI Regional Bone Mineral Density of the Tibia in Female Soldiers Following 16-Weeks of Recruit Training SO MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Catrambone, Daniel E.; Evans, Rachel K.] USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. [Israeli, Eran; Yanovich, Ran; Moran, Daniel S.] Chaim Sheba Med Ctr, Heller Inst Med Res, IL-52621 Tel Hashomer, Israel. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0195-9131 J9 MED SCI SPORT EXER JI Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. PD MAY PY 2006 VL 38 IS 5 SU S BP S531 EP S531 DI 10.1249/00005768-200605001-02217 PG 1 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA V19KH UT WOS:000208070803612 ER PT J AU Crowder, TA Roper, SD Johnson, CA AF Crowder, Todd A. Roper, Stephanie D. Johnson, Christopher A. TI 175-Pound Bench Press in College-Age Men; an Alternative to the 225-Pound or 1-Repetition Maximum Bench Press SO MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Crowder, Todd A.; Roper, Stephanie D.] US Mil Acad, West Point, NY 10996 USA. [Johnson, Christopher A.] USA, Honolulu, HI USA. EM pt1116@usma.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0195-9131 J9 MED SCI SPORT EXER JI Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. PD MAY PY 2006 VL 38 IS 5 SU S BP S297 EP S297 PG 1 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA V19KH UT WOS:000208070802463 ER PT J AU Crowell, HP Davis, IS AF Crowell, Harrison P. Davis, Irene S. TI Between Day Reliability of Accelerometry SO MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Crowell, Harrison P.] USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. [Davis, Irene S.] Univ Delaware, Newark, DE USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0195-9131 J9 MED SCI SPORT EXER JI Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. PD MAY PY 2006 VL 38 IS 5 SU S BP S256 EP S257 PG 2 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA V19KH UT WOS:000208070802302 ER PT J AU Fujita, T Beekley, MD Sato, Y Abe, T AF Fujita, Taku Beekley, Matthew D. Sato, Yoshiaki Abe, Takashi TI Muscle Size and Strength are Increased after One Week of Twice Daily KAATSU Resistance Training SO MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Fujita, Taku; Abe, Takashi] Tokyo Metropolitan Univ, Tokyo 158, Japan. [Beekley, Matthew D.] US Mil Acad, West Point, NY 10996 USA. [Sato, Yoshiaki] Univ Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan. EM fujitaku_high_low@hotmail.co.jp NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0195-9131 J9 MED SCI SPORT EXER JI Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. PD MAY PY 2006 VL 38 IS 5 SU S BP S283 EP S283 DI 10.1249/00005768-200605001-01229 PG 1 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA V19KH UT WOS:000208070802406 ER PT J AU Gutekunst, DJ Frykman, PN Nindl, BC Rarick, KR Mello, RP Harman, EA AF Gutekunst, David J. Frykman, Peter N. Nindl, Bradley C. Rarick, Kevin R. Mello, Robert P. Harman, Everett A. TI Training-Induced Improvements in Submaximal Gait Economy With and Without a Backpack/Military Load SO MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Gutekunst, David J.; Frykman, Peter N.; Nindl, Bradley C.; Rarick, Kevin R.; Mello, Robert P.; Harman, Everett A.] USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. EM david.gutekunst@us.army.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0195-9131 J9 MED SCI SPORT EXER JI Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. PD MAY PY 2006 VL 38 IS 5 SU S BP S170 EP S170 DI 10.1249/00005768-200605001-00770 PG 1 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA V19KH UT WOS:000208070801124 ER PT J AU Harman, E Frykman, P Gutekunst, D Nindl, B Alemany, J AF Harman, Everett Frykman, Peter Gutekunst, David Nindl, Bradley Alemany, Joseph TI US Army Standardized Physical Training vs. A Weightlifting-Based Program: Effects on Soldier Physical Performance SO MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Harman, Everett; Frykman, Peter; Gutekunst, David; Nindl, Bradley; Alemany, Joseph] USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. EM everett.harman@us.army.mil NR 0 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0195-9131 J9 MED SCI SPORT EXER JI Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. PD MAY PY 2006 VL 38 IS 5 SU S BP S272 EP S272 PG 1 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA V19KH UT WOS:000208070802361 ER PT J AU Hauret, KG Jones, BH Hadley, JA Williams, E Bullock, SH AF Hauret, Keith G. Jones, Bruce H. Hadley, Jeffrey A. Williams, Ernest Bullock, Steven H. TI Current Use of International Medical Coding Results in Substantial Under-Reporting of Sports Injuries SO MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Hauret, Keith G.; Jones, Bruce H.; Hadley, Jeffrey A.; Williams, Ernest; Bullock, Steven H.] USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. NR 0 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0195-9131 J9 MED SCI SPORT EXER JI Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. PD MAY PY 2006 VL 38 IS 5 SU S BP S347 EP S347 DI 10.1249/00005768-200605001-01480 PG 1 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA V19KH UT WOS:000208070802657 ER PT J AU Isome, HM Blankenship, K Lester, M Harper, W Ortega, S Evans, R AF Isome, Heath M. Blankenship, Kenneth Lester, Mark Harper, William Ortega, Samson Evans, Rachel TI Use of Biomarkers to Quantify Musculoskeletal Injury Resulting from a High Recoil Shoulder-Fired Weapon SO MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Isome, Heath M.; Lester, Mark; Evans, Rachel] USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Mil Performance Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. [Blankenship, Kenneth] Dept Phys Therapy, Ft Huachuca, AZ USA. [Harper, William; Ortega, Samson] USA, Res Lab, Human Res & Engn Directorate, Aberdeen, MD USA. EM heath.isome@us.army.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0195-9131 J9 MED SCI SPORT EXER JI Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. PD MAY PY 2006 VL 38 IS 5 SU S BP S389 EP S389 DI 10.1249/00005768-200605001-01645 PG 1 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA V19KH UT WOS:000208070803042 ER PT J AU Johnson, JJ Gauer, RA Armstrong, DW AF Johnson, Jeffrey J. Gauer, Robert A. Armstrong, David W., III TI Glucosamine In Treatment Of Plantar Fasciitis: A Pilot Study SO MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Johnson, Jeffrey J.; Gauer, Robert A.] Womack Army Med Ctr, Ft Bragg, NC USA. [Armstrong, David W., III] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0195-9131 J9 MED SCI SPORT EXER JI Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. PD MAY PY 2006 VL 38 IS 5 SU S BP S87 EP S87 DI 10.1249/00005768-200605001-00394 PG 1 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA V19KH UT WOS:000208070800343 ER PT J AU Karl, JP Lieberman, HR Smith, TJ McGraw, SM Pikosky, MA Glickman, EL Grediagin, A Young, AJ AF Karl, J. Philip Lieberman, Harris R. Smith, Tracey J. McGraw, Susan M. Pikosky, Matthew A. Glickman, Ellen L. Grediagin, Ann Young, Andrew J. TI Negative Energy Balance Affects Mood State but Not Perceived Exertion during Increased Exercise SO MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Karl, J. Philip; Lieberman, Harris R.; Smith, Tracey J.; McGraw, Susan M.; Pikosky, Matthew A.; Glickman, Ellen L.; Grediagin, Ann; Young, Andrew J.] USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. EM james.p.karl@us.army.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0195-9131 J9 MED SCI SPORT EXER JI Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. PD MAY PY 2006 VL 38 IS 5 SU S BP S230 EP S230 DI 10.1249/00005768-200605001-01016 PG 1 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA V19KH UT WOS:000208070802194 ER PT J AU Knapik, JJ Jones, SB Darakjy, S Hauret, KG Bullock, S Morrison, S Canada, S Hoedebecke, E Canham-Chervak, M Sharp, M Burrell, L Jones, BH AF Knapik, Joseph J. Jones, Sarah B. Darakjy, Salima Hauret, Keith G. Bullock, Steven Morrison, Stephanie Canada, Sara Hoedebecke, Edward Canham-Chervak, Michelle Sharp, Marilyn Burrell, Lolita Jones, Bruce H. TI Injury Rates, Activities Associated with Injuries, and Risk Factors of Army Wheel Vehicle Mechanics SO MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Knapik, Joseph J.; Jones, Sarah B.; Darakjy, Salima; Hauret, Keith G.; Bullock, Steven; Morrison, Stephanie; Canada, Sara; Hoedebecke, Edward; Canham-Chervak, Michelle; Jones, Bruce H.] USA, Ctr Hlth Promot & Prevent Med, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. [Sharp, Marilyn; Burrell, Lolita] USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. EM joseph.knapik@apg.amedd.army.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0195-9131 J9 MED SCI SPORT EXER JI Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. PD MAY PY 2006 VL 38 IS 5 SU S BP S348 EP S348 DI 10.1249/00005768-200605001-01485 PG 1 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA V19KH UT WOS:000208070802662 ER PT J AU Lester, ME Evans, RK Catrambone, DE Isome, HM Spiering, BA Hatfield, DL Kraemer, WJ Maresh, CM Nindl, BC AF Lester, Mark E. Evans, Rachel K. Catrambone, Daniel E. Isome, Heath M. Spiering, Barry A. Hatfield, Disa L. Kraemer, William J. Maresh, Carl M. Nindl, Bradley C. TI Association between Dual X-ray Absorptiometry Derived Parameters and Bone Strength Measured by pQCT SO MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Lester, Mark E.; Evans, Rachel K.; Catrambone, Daniel E.; Isome, Heath M.; Nindl, Bradley C.] USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. [Spiering, Barry A.; Hatfield, Disa L.; Kraemer, William J.; Maresh, Carl M.] Univ Connecticut, Dept Kinesiol, Storrs, CT USA. EM mark.lester@us.army.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0195-9131 J9 MED SCI SPORT EXER JI Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. PD MAY PY 2006 VL 38 IS 5 SU S BP S530 EP S531 DI 10.1249/00005768-200605001-02214 PG 2 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA V19KH UT WOS:000208070803609 ER PT J AU Montain, SJ Baker-Fulco, CJ Niro, PJ Reinert, A Domitrovich, J Ruby, BC AF Montain, Scott J. Baker-Fulco, Carol J. Niro, Philip J. Reinert, Andrew Domitrovich, Joseph Ruby, Brent C. TI Eat-On-Move Rations Improve Actimetry Scores During Wildland Fire Suppression SO MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Montain, Scott J.; Baker-Fulco, Carol J.; Niro, Philip J.] USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. [Reinert, Andrew; Domitrovich, Joseph; Ruby, Brent C.] Univ Montana, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. EM scott.montain@us.army.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0195-9131 J9 MED SCI SPORT EXER JI Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. PD MAY PY 2006 VL 38 IS 5 SU S BP S36 EP S36 DI 10.1249/00005768-200605001-00168 PG 1 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA V19KH UT WOS:000208070800150 ER PT J AU Nindl, BC Alemany, JA Rarick, KR Staab, JS Tuckow, AP Welsh, TT Gutekunst, DJ Frykman, PN Harman, EA AF Nindl, Bradley C. Alemany, Joseph A. Rarick, Kevin R. Staab, Jeffery S. Tuckow, Alexander P. Welsh, Timothy T. Gutekunst, David J. Frykman, Peter N. Harman, Everett A. TI Differential IGF-I System Responses During 8 Weeks of Resistance vs. Generalized Physical Training in Men SO MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Nindl, Bradley C.; Alemany, Joseph A.; Rarick, Kevin R.; Staab, Jeffery S.; Tuckow, Alexander P.; Welsh, Timothy T.; Gutekunst, David J.; Frykman, Peter N.; Harman, Everett A.] USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. EM bradley.nindl@us.army.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0195-9131 J9 MED SCI SPORT EXER JI Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. PD MAY PY 2006 VL 38 IS 5 SU S BP S96 EP S96 DI 10.1249/00005768-200605001-00452 PG 1 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA V19KH UT WOS:000208070800380 ER PT J AU Pikosky, MA Smith, TJ Karl, JP Grediagin, A Glickman, EL Mathow, MM Young, AJ AF Pikosky, Matthew A. Smith, Tracey J. Karl, J. Phillip Grediagin, Ann Glickman, Ellen L. Mathow, Mona M. Young, Andrew J. TI Exercise Induced Energy Deficit Does Not Impact Resting Plasma Free Fatty Acids and Glycerol SO MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Pikosky, Matthew A.; Smith, Tracey J.; Karl, J. Phillip; Grediagin, Ann; Glickman, Ellen L.; Mathow, Mona M.; Young, Andrew J.] USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. EM matthew.pikosky@us.army.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0195-9131 J9 MED SCI SPORT EXER JI Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. PD MAY PY 2006 VL 38 IS 5 SU S BP S544 EP S544 DI 10.1249/00005768-200605001-02264 PG 1 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA V19KH UT WOS:000208070803659 ER PT J AU Rarick, KR Pikosky, MA Young, AJ Grediagin, A Smith, TJ Staab, JS Alemany, JA Mathow, MM Tuckow, AP Glickman, E Nindl, BC AF Rarick, Kevin R. Pikosky, Matthew A. Young, Andrew J. Grediagin, Ann Smith, Tracey J. Staab, Jeffery S. Alemany, Joseph A. Mathow, Mona M. Tuckow, Alexander P. Glickman, Ellen Nindl, Bradley C. TI Effect of Protein Intake on IGF-I System Responses to a 7-Day Exercise-Induced Negative Energy Balance SO MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Rarick, Kevin R.; Pikosky, Matthew A.; Young, Andrew J.; Grediagin, Ann; Smith, Tracey J.; Staab, Jeffery S.; Alemany, Joseph A.; Mathow, Mona M.; Tuckow, Alexander P.; Glickman, Ellen; Nindl, Bradley C.] USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0195-9131 J9 MED SCI SPORT EXER JI Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. PD MAY PY 2006 VL 38 IS 5 SU S BP S486 EP S486 DI 10.1249/00005768-200605001-02034 PG 1 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA V19KH UT WOS:000208070803429 ER PT J AU Ruby, BC Reinert, AR Montain, SJ Heil, DP AF Ruby, Brent C. Reinert, Andrew R. Montain, Scott J. Heil, Dan P. TI Measurements of Water Turnover during the Ironman Triathlon SO MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Ruby, Brent C.; Reinert, Andrew R.] Univ Montana, Missoula, MT 59812 USA. [Montain, Scott J.] USA, Inst Environm Med, Natick, MA 01760 USA. [Heil, Dan P.] Montana State Univ, Bozeman, MT 59717 USA. EM brent.ruby@mso.umt.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0195-9131 J9 MED SCI SPORT EXER JI Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. PD MAY PY 2006 VL 38 IS 5 SU S BP S217 EP S218 PG 2 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA V19KH UT WOS:000208070802147 ER PT J AU Schiffman, JM Hasselquist, L Gregorczyk, KN Piscitelle, L Bensel, CK Obusek, JP AF Schiffman, Jeffrey M. Hasselquist, Leif Gregorczyk, Karen N. Piscitelle, Louis Bensel, Carolyn K. Obusek, John P. TI Backpack Moment of Inertia Affects Oxygen Consumption During Walking SO MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Schiffman, Jeffrey M.; Hasselquist, Leif; Gregorczyk, Karen N.; Piscitelle, Louis; Bensel, Carolyn K.; Obusek, John P.] USA, Natick Soldier Ctr, Natick, MA 01760 USA. EM jeffrey.schiffman@natick.army.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0195-9131 J9 MED SCI SPORT EXER JI Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. PD MAY PY 2006 VL 38 IS 5 SU S BP S270 EP S270 DI 10.1249/00005768-200605001-01175 PG 1 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA V19KH UT WOS:000208070802353 ER PT J AU Sharp, MA Pietila, DM Alemany, JA Rarick, KR Staab, JS Nindl, BC Kraemer, WJ Spiering, BA Hatfield, DL Maresh, CM Yamamoto, LM AF Sharp, Marilyn A. Pietila, Diane M. Alemany, Joseph A. Rarick, Kevin R. Staab, Jeffery S. Nindl, Bradley C. Kraemer, William J. Spiering, Barry A. Hatfield, Disa L. Maresh, Carl M. Yamamoto, Linda M. TI Comparison of Three Training Programs for Improving Repetitive Lifting Task Performance in Women SO MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Sharp, Marilyn A.; Pietila, Diane M.; Alemany, Joseph A.; Rarick, Kevin R.; Staab, Jeffery S.; Nindl, Bradley C.] USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. [Kraemer, William J.; Spiering, Barry A.; Hatfield, Disa L.; Maresh, Carl M.; Yamamoto, Linda M.] Univ Connecticut, Storrs, CT USA. EM marilyn.sharp@na.amedd.army.mil NR 0 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0195-9131 J9 MED SCI SPORT EXER JI Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. PD MAY PY 2006 VL 38 IS 5 SU S BP S455 EP S455 DI 10.1249/00005768-200605001-01912 PG 1 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA V19KH UT WOS:000208070803307 ER PT J AU Sigrist, L Devoe, D Kennedy, C Anderson, J AF Sigrist, Lori Devoe, Dale Kennedy, Catherine Anderson, Jennifer TI The Effectiveness of an Internet-based Nutrition and Fitness Education Program for Senior Military Officers SO MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Sigrist, Lori] USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. [Devoe, Dale; Kennedy, Catherine; Anderson, Jennifer] Colorado State Univ, Ft Collins, CO 80523 USA. EM lori.sigrist@us.army.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0195-9131 J9 MED SCI SPORT EXER JI Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. PD MAY PY 2006 VL 38 IS 5 SU S BP S460 EP S461 PG 2 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA V19KH UT WOS:000208070803329 ER PT J AU Smith, TJ LIeberman, HR Karl, JP McGraw, S Pikosky, MA Glickman, EL Grediagin, A Young, AJ AF Smith, Tracey J. LIeberman, Harris R. Karl, J. Phillip McGraw, Susan Pikosky, Matthew A. Glickman, Ellen L. Grediagin, Ann Young, Andrew J. TI A High Protein Diet Exacerbates the Adverse Effects of an Energy Deficit on Mood State SO MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Smith, Tracey J.; LIeberman, Harris R.; Karl, J. Phillip; McGraw, Susan; Pikosky, Matthew A.; Glickman, Ellen L.; Grediagin, Ann; Young, Andrew J.] USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. EM tracey.j.smith@us.army.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0195-9131 J9 MED SCI SPORT EXER JI Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. PD MAY PY 2006 VL 38 IS 5 SU S BP S225 EP S225 DI 10.1249/00005768-200605001-00999 PG 1 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA V19KH UT WOS:000208070802177 ER PT J AU Staab, JE Fulco, CS Muza, SR Zupan, M Rock, PB Beidleman, BA Friedlander, A Cymerman, A AF Staab, J. E. Fulco, C. S. Muza, S. R. Zupan, M. Rock, P. B. Beidleman, B. A. Friedlander, A. Cymerman, A. TI Exercise SAO(2) in the Early Hours of Exposure to 4300 M Altitude is Correlated with Subsequent Development of AMS SO MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Staab, J. E.; Fulco, C. S.; Muza, S. R.; Beidleman, B. A.; Cymerman, A.] USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. [Zupan, M.] US Air Force Acad, Colorado Springs, CO USA. [Rock, P. B.] Oaklahoma State Univ, Tulsa, OK USA. [Friedlander, A.] VA Palo Alto Hlth Care Syst, Palo Alto, CA USA. EM janet.staab@us.army.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0195-9131 J9 MED SCI SPORT EXER JI Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. PD MAY PY 2006 VL 38 IS 5 SU S BP S526 EP S526 DI 10.1249/00005768-200605001-02197 PG 1 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA V19KH UT WOS:000208070803592 ER PT J AU Staab, JS Sharp, MA Nindl, BC Rarick, KR Spiering, BA Hatfield, DL Yamamoto, LM Frykman, PN Harman, EA Gutekenst, DJ Volek, JS Maresh, CM Kraemer, WJ AF Staab, Jeffery S. Sharp, Marilyn A. Nindl, Bradley C. Rarick, Kevin R. Spiering, Barry A. Hatfield, Disa L. Yamamoto, Linda M. Frykman, Peter N. Harman, Everett A. Gutekenst, David J. Volek, Jeff S. Maresh, Carl M. Kraemer, William J. TI Comparison of Three Training Programs for Improving Aerobic Performance in Women SO MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Staab, Jeffery S.; Sharp, Marilyn A.; Nindl, Bradley C.; Rarick, Kevin R.; Frykman, Peter N.; Harman, Everett A.; Gutekenst, David J.] USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Mil Performance Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. [Spiering, Barry A.; Hatfield, Disa L.; Yamamoto, Linda M.; Volek, Jeff S.; Maresh, Carl M.; Kraemer, William J.] Univ Connecticut, Dept Kinesiol, Storrs, CT USA. EM Jeffery.Staab@us.army.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0195-9131 J9 MED SCI SPORT EXER JI Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. PD MAY PY 2006 VL 38 IS 5 SU S BP S489 EP S490 PG 2 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA V19KH UT WOS:000208070803443 ER PT J AU Webb, HE McMinn, DR Garten, RS Beckman, JL Kamimori, GH Acevedo, EO AF Webb, Heather E. McMinn, David R. Garten, Ryan S. Beckman, Jamie L. Kamimori, Gary H. Acevedo, Edmund O. TI Neuroendocrine and Hemostatic Responses in Firefighters During Physical and Psychological Stress SO MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Webb, Heather E.] Univ New S Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia. [McMinn, David R.; Garten, Ryan S.; Beckman, Jamie L.; Acevedo, Edmund O.] Univ Mississippi, University, MS 38677 USA. [Kamimori, Gary H.] Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. EM hwebb@olemiss.edu RI Webb, Heather/A-4219-2010 OI Webb, Heather/0000-0002-3925-9613 NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0195-9131 J9 MED SCI SPORT EXER JI Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. PD MAY PY 2006 VL 38 IS 5 SU S BP S454 EP S454 DI 10.1249/00005768-200605001-01908 PG 1 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA V19KH UT WOS:000208070803303 ER PT J AU Yasuda, T Shirakawa, J Fujita, T Beekley, MD Sato, Y Abe, T AF Yasuda, Tomohiro Shirakawa, Jun Fujita, Taku Beekley, Matthew D. Sato, Yoshiaki Abe, Takashi TI Comparison of EMG activity among Low-intensity Exercise with and without KAATSU and Ischemic Conditions SO MEDICINE AND SCIENCE IN SPORTS AND EXERCISE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Yasuda, Tomohiro; Shirakawa, Jun; Fujita, Taku; Abe, Takashi] Tokyo Metropolitan Univ, Tokyo 158, Japan. [Beekley, Matthew D.] US Mil Acad, West Point, NY 10996 USA. [Sato, Yoshiaki] Univ Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan. EM yasuda-tomohiro@c.metro-u.ac.jp NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0195-9131 J9 MED SCI SPORT EXER JI Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. PD MAY PY 2006 VL 38 IS 5 SU S BP S520 EP S521 DI 10.1249/00005768-200605001-02175 PG 2 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA V19KH UT WOS:000208070803570 ER PT J AU Fuller, J Hanley, K Schultz, R Lewis, M Freed, NE Ellis, M Ngauy, V Stoebner, R Ryan, M Russell, K AF Fuller, Julie Hanley, Keith Schultz, Robert Lewis, Michael Freed, Nikki E. Ellis, Michael Ngauy, Viseth Stoebner, Richard Ryan, Margaret Russell, Kevin TI Surveillance for febrile respiratory infections during Cobra Gold 2003 SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Naval Environmental and Health Conference CY MAR 16-26, 2004 CL Chesapeake, VA ID SARS AB The Naval Health Research Center conducted laboratory-based surveillance for febrile respiratory infections at the 2003 Cobra Gold Exercise in Thailand. Seventeen individuals met the case definition for febrile respiratory illness, and diagnostic specimens were obtained from 16. Laboratory testing identified influenza A for 44%; sequence analysis demonstrated that these were Fujian-like influenza strains, which represented the predominant strain found globally in 2003/2004. Other pathogens identified included coronavirus OC43, respiratory syncytial virus, and rhinovirus. Logistical challenges were overcome as laboratory-supported febrile respiratory illness surveillance was conducted during a military training exercise. With heightened concern over the potential for another global influenza pandemic, such surveillance could prove critical for the detection of emerging influenza and respiratory pathogen strains with potential for importation to the United States. C1 Naval Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. III Marine Expeditionary Force, FPO, AP 96606 USA. Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, FPO, AP 96546 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. Natl Naval Med Ctr, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA. RP Fuller, J (reprint author), Naval Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. RI Valle, Ruben/A-7512-2013 NR 11 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD MAY PY 2006 VL 171 IS 5 BP 357 EP 359 PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 041ZR UT WOS:000237496800004 PM 16761881 ER PT J AU Miller, RN Costigan, DJ Young, HA Kang, HK Dalager, N Mathes, RW Crawford, HC Page, WF Thaul, S AF Miller, RN Costigan, DJ Young, HA Kang, HK Dalager, N Mathes, RW Crawford, HC Page, WF Thaul, S TI Patterns of health care seeking of gulf war registry members prior to deployment SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 6th Annual Conference on Force Health Protection CY AUG, 2003 CL Albuquerque, NM ID VETERANS; PREVALENCE; SYMPTOMS AB Following the Gulf War (GW), large numbers of individuals reported illness that they attributed to exposures encountered during the GW deployment. In response, the Department of Veterans Affairs and the Department of Defense established programs and registries for the evaluation and documentation of GW-related illness. We obtained registrants' medical records, which contained information on outpatient encounters during the 1-year period before their GW deployment, to determine whether registrants with multisymptom illness (cases) have patterns of predeployment health care seeking that are different from those of well registrants (controls). We found that subjects had significantly more predeployment outpatient visits than controls, but this varied by type of visit. Although the number of certain types of predeployment outpatient visits is significantly associated with subsequent multisymptom illness, these associations will have limited predictive value. These findings increase our understanding of multisymptom illness, especially its chronic nature, and justify doing additional studies. C1 Med Follow Up Agcy, Inst Med, Washington, DC 20001 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Prevent Med, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. George Washington Univ, Dept Epidemiol & Biostat, Washington, DC 20037 USA. Environm Epidemiol Serv, Dept Vet Affairs, Washington, DC 20036 USA. Lib Congress, Congress Res Serv, Washington, DC 20540 USA. RP Miller, RN (reprint author), Med Follow Up Agcy, Inst Med, Washington, DC 20001 USA. NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 2 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD MAY PY 2006 VL 171 IS 5 BP 370 EP 375 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 041ZR UT WOS:000237496800008 PM 16761884 ER PT J AU Burtis, MT Faillace, J Martin, LF Hermenau, S AF Burtis, MT Faillace, J Martin, LF Hermenau, S TI Scaphoid fracture detection in a military population: A standardized approach for medical referral SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID SCINTIGRAPHY; VASCULARITY; MANAGEMENT; DIAGNOSIS AB Objective: The objective was to test, refine, and implement an algorithm for early detection and referral of clinical scaphoid fractures by U.S. Army medical personnel. Our goal was to reduce complications resulting from delayed diagnosis and to improve outcomes affecting soldier health and unit readiness. Methods: Data on scaphoid fractures treated in the orthopedic department at Tripler Army Medical Center were collected from January 1, 2001, through December 31, 2003. Demographic variables included gender, age, and military rank. Results: The incidence of scaphoid fractures in our population was 43 cases per 100,000 personnel per year. An algorithm to guide nonorthopedic providers was developed after review of the medical literature. Conclusion: We present an algorithm-based approach to soldiers presenting with post-traumatic wrist pain. The algorithm was fashioned with the aim of reducing complications and poor outcomes associated with delayed diagnosis of scaphoid fractures, affecting soldier health and unit readiness. A prospective study of the algorithm is underway. C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Honolulu, HI 96818 USA. Darnall Army Community Hosp, Orthoped Surg Serv, Ft Hood, TX 76544 USA. Med Coll Wisconsin, Div Publ Hlth, Milwaukee, WI 53226 USA. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Orthoped Surg, Honolulu, HI 96818 USA. RP Burtis, MT (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Honolulu, HI 96818 USA. NR 18 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD MAY PY 2006 VL 171 IS 5 BP 404 EP 408 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 041ZR UT WOS:000237496800014 PM 16761890 ER PT J AU Byrappagari, D Mascarenhas, AK Chaffin, JG AF Byrappagari, D Mascarenhas, AK Chaffin, JG TI Association of caries and tobacco risk with dental fitness classification SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID SMOKELESS TOBACCO; EMERGENCIES; READINESS; HEALTH; IMPACT AB Objective: Dental emergencies negatively affect the Army during combat. Dental readiness continues to be a primary mission of the Army Dental Care System and is an important part of mobilization. Dental Fitness Classification (DFC) is used to evaluate the oral health status and current treatment needs of soldiers. Caries and tobacco risk assessments were recently added to the annual examination of Army soldiers. The aim of this project was to determine whether any association existed between the DFC and caries and tobacco risk assessments of Army soldiers. Methods: The study population consisted of 66,484 U.S. Army active duty soldiers. The data were obtained from an Army electronic database that maintains all patient visits. The following information was obtained for each soldier; rank, DFC, caries risk, and tobacco risk assessment. Summary statistics were computed and DFC was compared with caries risk, tobacco risk, and rank using the chi(2) analysis and logistic regression model. Results: High-caries risk soldiers were 15.6 times more likely to be a DFC 3 or 4 as compared to DFC 1 and 2 soldiers. DFC 3 or 4 soldiers were 1.43 times more likely to be tobacco users titan DFC 1 or 2 soldiers. Logistic regression models showed that high-caries risk soldiers were at 13 times the odds of being a DFC 3 or DFC 4 as compared to DFC 1 or DFC 2. Soldiers who used tobacco products were also more likely to be in higher DFC classification compared to those that did not use any tobacco products. Conclusions: This study has shown clear associations between DFC categories and caries and tobacco risk wherein DFC 3 and 4 soldiers are at higher risk for future caries and of being tobacco users. This relationship warrants the inclusion of caries and tobacco risk in the overall dental assessment of soldiers. C1 Boston Univ, Goldman Sch Dent Med, Dept Hlth Policy & Hlth Serv Res, Boston, MA 02118 USA. USA, Dent Corps, Dent Command, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Byrappagari, D (reprint author), Boston Univ, Goldman Sch Dent Med, Dept Hlth Policy & Hlth Serv Res, 715 Albany St,560, Boston, MA 02118 USA. EM jeffrey.chaffin@us.army.mil NR 21 TC 5 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD MAY PY 2006 VL 171 IS 5 BP 415 EP 419 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 041ZR UT WOS:000237496800016 PM 16761892 ER PT J AU Joseph, HJ Thibault, GP Ruttle-King, J AF Joseph, HJ Thibault, GP Ruttle-King, J TI Perceived stress and quality of life among prostate cancer survivors SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID RADICAL PROSTATECTOMY; MEN; OUTCOMES AB A convenience sample of 136 prostate cancer survivors participated in this study that assessed their perception of stress and quality of life (QOL). Data were collected via an anonymous questionnaire consisting of the Perceived Stress Scale, the UCLA Prostate Cancer Index Short Form, and demographic variables. The findings revealed low levels of stress with marginal reports of QOL. Significant differences were found in organ-specific functioning (p < 0.001), with respondents indicating that they were experiencing a disproportionately higher rate of sexual problems (sexual performance and sexual satisfaction) compared to bowel and bladder problems. These complaints were highest among patients who had undergone prostatectomy and lowest among patients who had selected watchful waiting. No association was found between stress and QOL, but significantly higher rates of stress were reported by patients who felt they had not received sufficient information before treatment (p < 0.05). C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Urol Clin, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. RP Joseph, HJ (reprint author), 1481 Alice Ave, Lithonia, GA 30058 USA. NR 26 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 2 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD MAY PY 2006 VL 171 IS 5 BP 425 EP 429 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 041ZR UT WOS:000237496800018 PM 16761894 ER PT J AU Joseph, HJ AF Joseph, HJ TI Determinants of prostate cancer screening in a sample of African American military servicemen SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 1st Annual Winter Institute of Black Studies Conference CY JAN 18-19, 2005 CL Univ Hawaii, Honolulu, HI HO Univ Hawaii ID CAUCASIAN MEN; KNOWLEDGE; COMMUNITY; MALES AB This descriptive/cross-sectional study assessed determinants of prostate cancer screening in a sample of African American military servicemen who were age 45 years and older. Data were collected using the Edwards Prostate Perception Survey, a 52-item questionnaire that assessed knowledge, beliefs, self-efficacy, health-related practices, and demographic variables. Despite reporting high knowledge and positive belief about prostate cancer and screening, 43% of the respondents indicated they had never been screened with the prostate-specific antigen blood test, and 27% reported that health care providers had not recommended screening. Respondents were more likely to be screened if they had more knowledge of the prostate-specific antigen test, were retired, older, and when health care providers recommended it. The younger active duty servicemen in the 45 to 50 age group reported the lowest rates of screening. C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. RP Joseph, HJ (reprint author), 1841 Alice Ave, Lithonia, GA 30058 USA. NR 35 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 1 U2 1 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD MAY PY 2006 VL 171 IS 5 BP 430 EP 435 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 041ZR UT WOS:000237496800019 PM 16761895 ER PT J AU Anderson, DR Holmes, WW Lee, RB Dalal, SJ Hurst, CG Maliner, BI Newmark, J Smith, WJ AF Anderson, DR Holmes, WW Lee, RB Dalal, SJ Hurst, CG Maliner, BI Newmark, J Smith, WJ TI Sulfur mustard-induced neutropenia: Treatment with granulocyte colony-stimulating factor SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Bioscience Review of the United-States-Army-Medical-Research-Institute-of-Chemical-Defense CY MAY 16-21, 2004 CL Hunt Valley, MD SP USA Med Res Inst Chem Def ID CHEMOTHERAPY; PEGFILGRASTIM; GROWTH AB Although best known as a blistering agent, sulfur mustard (HD) can also induce neutropenia in exposed individuals, increasing their susceptibility to infection. Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) and pegylated G-CSF (peg-G-CSF) have been approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration as hematopoietic growth factors to treat chemotherapy-induced neutropenia. The goal of this study was to determine the effectiveness of G-CSF and peg-G-CSF in ameliorating HD-induced neutropenia. African green monkeys (Chlorocebus aethiops) were challenged with HD and, at 1, 3, 5, or 7 days after exposure, G-CSF therapy (10 mu g/kg per day for 21 days) was initiated. Peg-G-CSF (300 mu g/kg, single treatment) was similarly tested, with treatment given at 3 days after exposure. Untreated HD-exposed animals recovered from neutropenia 28 days after exposure, whereas G-CSF- or peg-G-CSF-treated animals recovered 8 to 19 days after exposure (p < 0.05). These results indicate that G-CSF or peg-G-CSF may provide Food and Drug Administration-approved treatments that will reduce the duration of HD-induced neutropenia. C1 USA, Div Pharmacol, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. USA, Res Operat Div, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. USA, Div Comparat Med, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. USA, Chem Casualty Care Div, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. RP Anderson, DR (reprint author), USA, Div Pharmacol, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. NR 27 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD MAY PY 2006 VL 171 IS 5 BP 448 EP 453 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 041ZR UT WOS:000237496800022 PM 16761898 ER PT J AU Grinstaff, MW Prata, CAH Meyers, SR Barthelemy, P Li, YG Luo, D McIntosh, TJ Lee, SJ AF Grinstaff, Mark W. Prata, Carla A. Hernandez Meyers, Steven R. Barthelemy, Philippe Li, Yougen Luo, Dan McIntosh, Tom J. Lee, Stephen J. TI Charge-Reversal Lipids for Gene Transfection SO MOLECULAR THERAPY LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 [Grinstaff, Mark W.; Prata, Carla A. Hernandez; Meyers, Steven R.] Boston Univ, Boston, MA 02215 USA. [Barthelemy, Philippe] Univ Bordeaux 2, F-33076 Bordeaux, France. [Li, Yougen; Luo, Dan] Cornell Univ, Ithaca, NY USA. [McIntosh, Tom J.] Duke Univ Med Ctr, Durham, NC USA. [Lee, Stephen J.] Army Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK ST, 9TH FLR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 1525-0016 EI 1525-0024 J9 MOL THER JI Mol. Ther. PD MAY PY 2006 VL 13 SU 1 MA 537 BP S206 EP S207 PG 2 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Genetics & Heredity; Research & Experimental Medicine GA V32EC UT WOS:000208933501461 ER PT J AU Schomer, PD White, MJ AF Schomer, Paul D. White, Michael J. TI A statistical description of sound propagation: A comparison of elevated and near-ground sources SO NOISE CONTROL ENGINEERING JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID PARABOLIC EQUATION; ATMOSPHERE AB Sound propagation over moderate distances is significantly influenced by the conditions of the land surface and the prevailing weather. As is well known, sound velocity varies with weather conditions, primarily air temperature and wind velocity. Most research on sound propagation has focused on the prediction of individual event levels based on the conditions in effect at that time. Few studies consider the distribution of event levels over long periods, although this is of primary importance to noise management and noise control. Rather, case studies and single-event predictive methods are predominating in the literature. This paper examines the statistical distributions of sound transmission data as functions of distance. A near-ground source of height 0.6 m (the Ground Source) and an elevated source of height 31 m (the Tower Source) and several receiving distances ranging from 50 m to 1600 m are considered. The results show that the occurrence distribution curves of sound transmission form a steady progression with increasing distance, and that the higher-levels of each can be closely approximated by normal distributions. The mean values of these normal distributions decay regularly with distance. The standard deviations of these distributions increase with distance and with frequency. Thus, two parameters, the mean transmission level and its standard deviation, are sufficient to specify a large portion of the level distributions. Comparisons between Tower and Ground sources show that at 40 Hz, 160 Hz and 2500 Hz, sound transmission levels are quite similar. However, from the Ground Source at 630 Hz, sound transmission is much reduced compared to that from the Tower Source at this frequency and compared to sound transmission at all other frequencies. We believe that this result originates from the well-known "ground dip" effect. One finding was that for any given distance, the receiver was threefold more likely to be insonified by the Tower Source as by the Ground Source. By reciprocity, one could expect a near-ground source to insonify any 31 m-high receiver threefold as often as one placed at the same distance 0.6 m above ground (provided the wind direction is reversed). (C) Institute of Noise Control Engineering. C1 Schomer & Associates Inc, Champaign, IL 61821 USA. USA, ERDC CERL, Champaign, IL 61826 USA. RP Schomer, PD (reprint author), Schomer & Associates Inc, Champaign, IL 61821 USA. EM schomer@schomerandassociates.com; Michael.J.White@erdc.usace.army.mil RI White, Michael/B-3612-2009 OI White, Michael/0000-0001-8450-9135 NR 15 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 3 PU INST NOISE CONTROL ENGINEERING PI AMES PA IOWA STATE UNIV, COLLEGE ENGINEERING, 212 MARSTON HALL, AMES, IA 50011-2152 USA SN 0736-2501 J9 NOISE CONTROL ENG J JI Noise Control Eng. J. PD MAY-JUN PY 2006 VL 54 IS 3 BP 157 EP 168 DI 10.3397/1.2888393 PG 12 WC Acoustics; Engineering, Multidisciplinary SC Acoustics; Engineering GA 072KE UT WOS:000239671500003 ER PT J AU Bidus, MA Maxwell, GL Kulasingam, S Rose, GS Elkas, JC Chernofsky, M Myers, ER AF Bidus, Michael A. Maxwell, G. Larry Kulasingam, Shalini Rose, G. Scott Elkas, John C. Chernofsky, Mildred Myers, Evan R. TI Cost-effectiveness analysis of liquid-based cytology and human papillomavirus testing in cervical cancer screening SO OBSTETRICS AND GYNECOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ATYPICAL SQUAMOUS CELLS; UNDETERMINED SIGNIFICANCE; STRATEGIES; BENEFICIARIES; ABNORMALITIES; STATISTICS; GUIDELINES; MANAGEMENT; PROGRAMS; SYSTEM AB OBJECTIVE: To compare the outcomes of several cervix cancer screening strategies in a military population using a model that considers both direct and indirect costs of health care. METHODS: A Markov model of the natural history of cervical cancer was used to simulate an age-stratified cohort of 100,000 active duty women in the U.S. Army. Total costs and incremental cost-effectiveness ratios were estimated for different modalities of screening: liquid-based cytology with testing for human papillomavirus (HPV) irrespective of cytologic results compared with liquid-based cytology with HPV detection for cytologic results of atypical cells of undetermined significance (reflex HPV). The costs and outcomes of these screening methods were evaluated separately as well as in combination (liquid-based cytology and reflex HPV before age 30 years and DNA and Pap test every 3 years thereafter). Each of these screening methods was evaluated at 1-, 2-, and 3-year intervals. RESULTS: A screening strategy of liquid-based cytology and reflex HPV every 2 or 3 years is the least costly strategy among active duty women irrespective of age, especially when accounting for time costs associated with screening, diagnosis, and treatment of cervix cancer. A strategy of liquid-based cytology and HPV testing irrespective of cytology results is the most effective strategy; however, it is also the most costly of the strategies tested, even when performed in patients older than 30 years of age. CONCLUSION: In the U.S. Army, cervix cancer screening performed with liquid-based cytology and reflex HPV testing of atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance performed every 2 years is cost-effective, especially when indirect costs are considered. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Div Gynecol Oncol, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, US Mil Canc Inst, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Obstet, Durham, NC USA. Duke Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Gynecol, Durham, NC USA. RP Rose, GS (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Div Gynecol Oncol, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, 6900 Georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM scott.rose@na.amedd.army.mil NR 24 TC 26 Z9 26 U1 1 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0029-7844 J9 OBSTET GYNECOL JI Obstet. Gynecol. PD MAY PY 2006 VL 107 IS 5 BP 997 EP 1005 DI 10.1097/01.AOG.0000210529.70226.0a PG 9 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 095GP UT WOS:000241296500005 PM 16648402 ER PT J AU Merkle, LD Dubinskii, M Schepler, KL Hegde, SM AF Merkle, LD Dubinskii, M Schepler, KL Hegde, SM TI Concentration quenching in fine-grained ceramic Nd : YAG SO OPTICS EXPRESS LA English DT Article ID ENERGY-TRANSFER; LUMINESCENCE DECAY; EMISSION; SPECTROSCOPY; DIFFUSION; RESONANCE; LASER; IONS; PUMP AB We have studied the concentration dependent fluorescence decay kinetics of ceramic Nd:YAG, to resolve inconsistencies in the previous literature. Our data indicate that earlier reports of single exponential lifetimes even at Nd concentrations of a few percent were due to the effects of long-pulse excitation. Under short-pulse excitation the fluorescence decay is nonexponential for concentrations greater than about 1% atomic. Energy migration to sinks consisting of cross-relaxing Nd ions dominates at long times, whereas single-step energy transfer to randomly distributed quenching sites dominates at earlier times. The concentration dependence of this single-step transfer indicates direct cross-relaxation between individual ions at concentrations below 4% atomic, but resonant transfer to quenching sites consisting of Nd pairs at higher concentrations. (c) 2006 Optical Society of America. C1 USA, Res Lab, AMSRD, ARL,SE,EO, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. USAF, Res Lab, SNJW, Wright Patterson AFB, OH 45433 USA. Univ Dayton, Res Inst, Dayton, OH 45469 USA. RP Merkle, LD (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, AMSRD, ARL,SE,EO, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM lmerkle@arl.army.mil OI Schepler, Kenneth/0000-0001-9658-2305 NR 14 TC 30 Z9 31 U1 1 U2 7 PU OPTICAL SOC AMER PI WASHINGTON PA 2010 MASSACHUSETTS AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1094-4087 J9 OPT EXPRESS JI Opt. Express PD MAY 1 PY 2006 VL 14 IS 9 BP 3893 EP 3905 DI 10.1364/OE.14.003893 PG 13 WC Optics SC Optics GA 039HI UT WOS:000237296200020 PM 19516536 ER PT J AU Jabbari, B Ney, J Sichani, A Monacci, W Foster, L Difazio, M AF Jabbari, B Ney, J Sichani, A Monacci, W Foster, L Difazio, M TI Treatment of refractory, chronic low back pain with botulinum neurotoxin A: An open-label, pilot study SO PAIN MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE low back pain; botulinum neurotoxin A; Botox; root pain ID DORSAL-ROOT GANGLIA; TOXIN-A AB Objective. To study the short- and long-term effects of botulinum neurotoxin A (BoNT-A, Botox((R)), Allergan Inc.) on refractory chronic low back pain. Design. The effect of botulinum neurotoxin A on chronic low back pain was prospectively studied in 75 patients with repeated treatments over a period of 14 months. Pain intensity (visual analog scale [VAS]), pain frequency (pain days), and perceived functional status (Oswestry scale) were assessed at baseline, 3 weeks, and at 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, and 14 months. BoNT-A was injected into para-spinal muscles at 4-5 levels (between L1 and S1) unilaterally or bilaterally. The dose per site varied from 40 to 50 units. The total dose per session ranged from 200 to 500 units. Reinjections were performed at 4 months only when pain returned. Results. At 3 weeks, 40 patients (53%) and at 2 months, 39 patients (52%) reported significant pain relief. The change in VAS, Oswestry score, and pain days was significant compared with baseline at 2 months after each injection period (P < 0.005) and remained so over subsequent treatments. Among initial responders, 91% continued responsiveness over the length of the study. Three patients (4%), after the first treatment, had a mild flulike reaction that lasted 2-5 days. Conclusion. Botulinum neurotoxin A may be beneficial in patients with chronic low back pain. A favorable initial response predicts subsequent responsiveness. The treatment is well tolerated, and side effects are mild and transient. C1 Yale Univ, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Neurol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Neurosurg, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept PM&R, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Univ Maryland, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. RP Jabbari, B (reprint author), Yale Univ, Sch Med, Dept Neurol, LCI 708,15 York St, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. EM bahman.jabbari@yale.edu NR 20 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1526-2375 J9 PAIN MED JI Pain Med. PD MAY-JUN PY 2006 VL 7 IS 3 BP 260 EP 264 DI 10.1111/j.1526-4637.2006.00147.x PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 040QZ UT WOS:000237396800009 PM 16712627 ER PT J AU Zhang, HW Subhash, G Jing, XN Kecskes, LJ Dowding, RJ AF Zhang, H. W. Subhash, G. Jing, X. N. Kecskes, L. J. Dowding, R. J. TI Evaluation of hardness-yield strength relationships for bulk metallic glasses SO PHILOSOPHICAL MAGAZINE LETTERS LA English DT Article ID AMORPHOUS-ALLOYS; PLASTIC-FLOW; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; FRACTURE MECHANISMS; INDENTATION; NANOINDENTATION; BEHAVIOR AB The applicability of various hardness-yield strength (H - sigma(y)) relationships currently available in the literature for bulk metallic glasses (BMGs) is investigated. Experimental data generated on ZrHf-based BMGs in this study and those available elsewhere on other BMG compositions are used to validate the models. A modified expanding-cavity model, proposed earlier by the authors, is extended to propose a new H - sigma(y) relationship. Unlike previous models, the proposed model takes into account, not only the indenter geometry and the material properties, but also the pressure sensitivity index of the BMGs. The influence of various model parameters is systematically analyzed. It is shown that there is a good correlation between the model predictions and experimental data for a wide range of BMG compositions. C1 Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Mech Engn Engn Mech, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. USA, Res Lab, Weap & Mat Res Directorate, AMSRL WM MD, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Subhash, G (reprint author), Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Mech Engn Engn Mech, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. EM subhash@mtu.edu RI Kecskes, Laszlo/F-6880-2014; Dowding, Robert/F-1469-2015 OI Kecskes, Laszlo/0000-0002-1342-3729; Dowding, Robert/0000-0002-4763-2131 NR 46 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 4 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD PI ABINGDON PA 4 PARK SQUARE, MILTON PARK, ABINGDON OX14 4RN, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0950-0839 J9 PHIL MAG LETT JI Philos. Mag. Lett. PD MAY PY 2006 VL 86 IS 5 BP 333 EP 345 DI 10.1080/09500830600788935 PG 13 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Physics GA 062LT UT WOS:000238947000006 ER PT J AU Schowalter, LJ Schujman, SB Liu, W Goorsky, M Wood, MC Grandusky, J Shahedipour-Sandvik, F AF Schowalter, LJ Schujman, SB Liu, W Goorsky, M Wood, MC Grandusky, J Shahedipour-Sandvik, F TI Development of native, single crystal AlN substrates for device applications SO PHYSICA STATUS SOLIDI A-APPLICATIONS AND MATERIALS SCIENCE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT International Conference on Nanoscale Magnetism (ICNM 2005) CY JUL 03-07, 2005 CL Gebze, TURKEY ID SURFACE; GAN AB Ultra-low dislocation density aluminum nitride is a very promising substrate for many device structures based on the III-V nitride system. A better lattice and thermal expansion match than foreign substrates such as SiC or sapphire make AlN the substrate of choice for heteroepitaxial growth of AlGaN alloys, especially those with high aluminum concentration. In this paper, we show crystalline and chemical characterization of native aluminum nitride substrates, as well as characterization of AlGaN epilayers with 40 and 50% concentration of aluminum. The observation of atomic steps in atomic force microscope scans of the bare substrates and epilayers, as well as the narrow Full Width at Half Maximum (FWHM) measured on X-ray diffraction, are an indication of both the good surface preparation of the substrates and quality of the epilayers. An estimation of defect density on epilayers grown by Migration Enhanced Metal Organic Chemical Vapour Deposition (MEMOCVD) resulted in mid 10(6)/cm(2). (c) 2006 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim. C1 Crystal IS Inc, Green Isl, NY 12183 USA. Univ Calif Los Angeles, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Los Angeles, CA 90095 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. SUNY Albany, Coll Nanoscale Sci & Engn, Albany, NY 12222 USA. RP Schowalter, LJ (reprint author), Crystal IS Inc, Green Isl, NY 12183 USA. EM leo@crystal-is.com NR 6 TC 14 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 6 PU WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH PI WEINHEIM PA PO BOX 10 11 61, D-69451 WEINHEIM, GERMANY SN 0031-8965 J9 PHYS STATUS SOLIDI A JI Phys. Status Solidi A-Appl. Mat. PD MAY PY 2006 VL 203 IS 7 BP 1667 EP 1671 DI 10.1002/pssa.200565385 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied; Physics, Condensed Matter SC Materials Science; Physics GA 049RQ UT WOS:000238034600031 ER PT J AU He, HY Pandey, R Pati, R Karna, SP AF He, Haiying Pandey, Ravindra Pati, Ranjit Karna, Shashi P. TI Spin-polarized electron transport of a self-assembled organic monolayer on a Ni(111) substrate: An organic spin switch SO PHYSICAL REVIEW B LA English DT Article ID CURRENT-VOLTAGE CHARACTERISTICS; SCANNING TUNNELING MICROSCOPE; MOLECULAR SPINTRONICS; SPECTROSCOPY; STAIRCASE; CLUSTERS; WIRES AB Using density functional theory and the Bardeen, Tersoff, and Hamann formalism we have calculated spin-polarized electron transport in a system involving a nonbonded magnetic probe tip and a self-assembled monolayer (SAM) of benzene-1,4-dithiol on a Ni(111) substrate. A significantly higher tunneling current is obtained for a configuration in which the spin of the probe tip is aligned parallel to that of the substrate than for a configuration with antiparallel alignment-an effect prerequisite for an organic spin switch. C1 Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Phys, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. Michigan Technol Univ, Multi Scale Technol Inst, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. USA, Res Lab, Weapons & Mat Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Pati, R (reprint author), Michigan Technol Univ, Dept Phys, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. EM patir@mtu.edu; skarna@arl.army.mil RI Pandey, Ravi/A-8759-2009 NR 30 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 2 U2 11 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1098-0121 J9 PHYS REV B JI Phys. Rev. B PD MAY PY 2006 VL 73 IS 19 AR 195311 DI 10.1103/PhysRevB.73.195311 PG 5 WC Physics, Condensed Matter SC Physics GA 048ME UT WOS:000237950400079 ER PT J AU Crenshaw, ME Akozbek, N AF Crenshaw, ME Akozbek, N TI Electromagnetic energy flux vector for a dispersive linear medium SO PHYSICAL REVIEW E LA English DT Article ID QUANTIZATION; FIELD AB The electromagnetic energy flux vector in a dispersive linear medium is derived from energy conservation and microscopic quantum electrodynamics and is found to be of the Umov form as the product of an electromagnetic energy density and a velocity vector. C1 USA, AMSRD, AMR, WS,ST,RDECOM, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. Time Domain Corp, Huntsville, AL 35806 USA. RP Crenshaw, ME (reprint author), USA, AMSRD, AMR, WS,ST,RDECOM, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. NR 10 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMERICAN PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 1539-3755 J9 PHYS REV E JI Phys. Rev. E PD MAY PY 2006 VL 73 IS 5 AR 056613 DI 10.1103/PhysRevE.73.056613 PN 2 PG 3 WC Physics, Fluids & Plasmas; Physics, Mathematical SC Physics GA 048MO UT WOS:000237951400082 PM 16803063 ER PT J AU D Childs, J Cleland, JA AF D Childs, J Cleland, JA TI Clinical prediction rules - Author response SO PHYSICAL THERAPY LA English DT Letter ID LOW-BACK-PAIN; SPINAL MANIPULATION C1 Baylor Univ, USA, Doctoral Program Phys Therapy, San Antonio, TX USA. Franklin Pierce Coll, Phys Therapy Program, Concord, NH USA. RP D Childs, J (reprint author), Baylor Univ, USA, Doctoral Program Phys Therapy, San Antonio, TX USA. EM childsjd@sbcglobal.net; clelandj@fpc.edu NR 5 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSICAL THERAPY ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1111 N FAIRFAX ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 USA SN 0031-9023 J9 PHYS THER JI Phys. Ther. PD MAY PY 2006 VL 86 IS 5 BP 760 EP 760 PG 1 WC Orthopedics; Rehabilitation SC Orthopedics; Rehabilitation GA 038EC UT WOS:000237200500018 ER PT J AU Lackey, TC Sotiropoulos, F AF Lackey, TC Sotiropoulos, F TI Relationship between stirring rate and Reynolds number in the chaotically advected steady flow in a container with exactly counter-rotating lids SO PHYSICS OF FLUIDS LA English DT Article ID CONFINED SWIRLING FLOW; TAYLOR-COUETTE FLOW; VORTEX-BREAKDOWN; SYMMETRY-BREAKING; INVARIANT-SETS; VISUALIZATION; INSTABILITY; DISKS; CYLINDER; DRIVEN AB We solve numerically the three-dimensional incompressible Navier-Stokes equations to simulate the flow in a cylindrical container of aspect ratio one with exactly counter-rotating lids for a range of Reynolds numbers for which the flow is steady and three dimensional (300 <= Re <= 850). In agreement with linear stability results [C. Nore , J. Fluid Mech. 511, 45 (2004)] we find steady, axisymmetric solutions for Re > 300. For Re > 300 the equatorial shear layer becomes unstable to steady azimuthal modes and a complex vortical flow emerges, which consists of cat's eye radial vortices at the shear layer and azimuthally inclined axial vortices. Upon the onset of the three-dimensional instability the Lagrangian dynamics of the flow become chaotic. A striking finding of our work is that there is an optimal Reynolds number at which the stirring rate in the chaotically advected flow is maximized. Above this Reynolds number, the integrable (unmixed) part of the flow begins to grow and the stirring rate is shown conclusively to decline. This finding is explained in terms of and appears to support a recently proposed theory of chaotic advection [I. Mezic, J. Fluid Mech. 431, 347 (2001)]. Furthermore, the calculated rate of decay of the stirring rate with Reynolds numbers is consistent with the Re-1/2 upper bound predicted by the theory. (C) 2006 American Institute of Physics. C1 Univ Minnesota, St Anthony Falls Lab, Minneapolis, MN 55414 USA. RP Lackey, TC (reprint author), Engn Res & Dev Ctr, Coastal & Hydraul Lab, Vicksburg, MS USA. EM fotis@umn.edu RI Sotiropoulos, Fotis/C-2163-2012 NR 32 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 1070-6631 J9 PHYS FLUIDS JI Phys. Fluids PD MAY PY 2006 VL 18 IS 5 AR 053601 DI 10.1063/1.2201967 PG 14 WC Mechanics; Physics, Fluids & Plasmas SC Mechanics; Physics GA 048KH UT WOS:000237945500019 ER PT J AU Lawler, JV Endy, TP Hensley, LE Garrison, A Fritz, EA Lesar, M Baric, RS Kulesh, DA Norwood, DA Wasieloski, LP Ulrich, MP Slezak, TR Vitalis, E Huggins, JW Jahrling, PB Paragas, J AF Lawler, James V. Endy, Timothy P. Hensley, Lisa E. Garrison, Aura Fritz, Elizabeth A. Lesar, May Baric, Ralph S. Kulesh, David A. Norwood, David A. Wasieloski, Leonard P. Ulrich, Melanie P. Slezak, Tom R. Vitalis, Elizabeth Huggins, John W. Jahrling, Peter B. Paragas, Jason TI Cynomolgus macaque as an animal model for severe acute respiratory syndrome SO PLOS MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID SARS CORONAVIRUS INFECTION; LYMPHOCYTE SUBSETS; CHEST RADIOGRAPHS; AFRICAN-GREEN; SPIKE PROTEIN; CHILDREN; VIRUS; SINGAPORE; TORONTO; FERRETS AB Background The emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in 2002 and 2003 affected global health and caused major economic disruption. Adequate animal models are required to study the underlying pathogenesis of SARS-associated coronavirus (SARS-CoV) infection and to develop effective vaccines and therapeutics. We report the first findings of measurable clinical disease in nonhuman primates (NHPs) infected with SARS-CoV. Methods and Findings In order to characterize clinically relevant parameters of SARS-CoV infection in NHPs, we infected cynomolgus macaques with SARS-CoV in three groups: Group I was infected in the nares and bronchus, group II in the nares and conjunctiva, and group III intravenously. Nonhuman primates in groups I and II developed mild to moderate symptomatic illness. All NHPs demonstrated evidence of viral replication and developed neutralizing antibodies. Chest radiographs from several animals in groups I and II revealed unifocal or multifocal pneumonia that peaked between days 8 and 10 postinfection. Clinical laboratory tests were not significantly changed. Overall, inoculation by a mucosal route produced more prominent disease than did intravenous inoculation. Half of the group I animals were infected with a recombinant infectious clone SARS-CoV derived from the SARS-CoV Urbani strain. This infectious clone produced disease indistinguishable from wild-type Urbani strain. Conclusions SARS-CoV infection of cynomolgus macaques did not reproduce the severe illness seen in the majority of adult human cases of SARS; however, our results suggest similarities to the milder syndrome of SARS-CoV infection characteristically seen in young children. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Virol, Ft Detrick, MD USA. Natl Naval Med Ctr, Dept Infect Dis, Bethesda, MD USA. Natl Naval Med Ctr, Div Radiol, Bethesda, MD USA. Univ N Carolina, Dept Epidemiol, Chapel Hill, NC USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Diagnost Syst Div, Ft Detrick, MD USA. Lawrence Livermore Natl Lab, Livermore, CA USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Headquarters Div, Ft Detrick, MD USA. RP Paragas, J (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Virol, Ft Detrick, MD USA. EM jason.paragas@det.amedd.army.mil FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI059136, R01 AI059136] NR 53 TC 47 Z9 48 U1 0 U2 0 PU PUBLIC LIBRARY SCIENCE PI SAN FRANCISCO PA 185 BERRY ST, STE 1300, SAN FRANCISCO, CA 94107 USA SN 1549-1277 J9 PLOS MED JI PLos Med. PD MAY PY 2006 VL 3 IS 5 BP 677 EP 686 AR e149 DI 10.1371/journal.pmed.0030149 PG 10 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 057VS UT WOS:000238623900023 PM 16605302 ER PT J AU Zhu, KM Wu, HY Jatoi, I Potter, J Shriver, C AF Zhu, KM Wu, HY Jatoi, I Potter, J Shriver, C TI Body mass index and use of mammography screening in the United States SO PREVENTIVE MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE body mass index; cancer screening; mammography; obesity; underweight ID SELF-REPORTED MAMMOGRAPHY; BREAST-CANCER; OLDER WOMEN; OBESITY; HEALTH; VALIDITY; WEIGHT; CARE; POPULATION; VALIDATION AB Background. Obese and underweight women may be less likely to seek cancer screening because of health status, self-perception, and body image related to non-desirable weight. This study examined the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and mammography screening, using the data from the year 2000 United States National Health Interview Survey. Methods. This study included 7692 white and 1496 black female participants aged 40-80, who were randomly selected. Body mass index (kg/m(2)), based on self-reported weight and height, was compared between women with and without a mammogram in the past 2 years using logistic regression. Results. Compared to women with normal body mass index, underweight and extremely obese women were more likely to have no screening mammograms in the past 2 years (odds ratio (OR) = 1.8, 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.2-2.6 for underweight women; odds ratio = 1.3, 95% confidence interval, 1.0-1.8 for extremely obese women). When data were analyzed by race, the odds ratio estimates were 1.8 for underweight white women (95% confidence interval, 1.3-2.7) and 1.4 for extremely obese white women (95% confidence interval, 1.0-1.9). The corresponding odds ratio estimates were close to 1.0 for black women. Conclusions. Underweight and extreme obesity may increase the risk of underusing screening mammography. The association between body mass index especially underweight and underuse of mammography might exist primarily in white women. (c) 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, US Mil Canc Inst, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Dept Surg, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Clin Breast Care Project, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Zhu, KM (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, US Mil Canc Inst, Bldg 1,Suite A-109,6900 Georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM kangmin.zhu@na.amedd.army.mil NR 32 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 3 U2 3 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0091-7435 J9 PREV MED JI Prev. Med. PD MAY PY 2006 VL 42 IS 5 BP 381 EP 385 DI 10.1016/j.ypmed.2006.01.020 PG 5 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine GA 053GP UT WOS:000238293900012 PM 16516284 ER PT J AU Beaman, FD Bancroft, LW Peterson, JJ Kransdorf, MJ AF Beaman, FD Bancroft, LW Peterson, JJ Kransdorf, MJ TI Bone graft materials and synthetic substitutes SO RADIOLOGIC CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA LA English DT Article ID ARTICULAR-CARTILAGE; THICKNESS DEFECTS; LUMBAR SPINE; FOLLOW-UP; DEGENERATION; ALLOGRAFTS; REPAIR; KNEE AB Bone graft materials quickly are becoming a vital tool in reconstructive orthopedic surgery and demonstrate considerable variability in their imaging appearance. Functions of bone graft materials include promoting osseous ingrowth and bone healing, providing a structural substrate for these processes, and serving as a vehicle for direct antibiotic delivery. The three primary types of bone graft materials are allografts, autografts, and synthetic bone graft substitutes. C1 Mayo Clin, Dept Radiol, Jacksonville, FL 32224 USA. Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Dept Radiol Pathol, Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20306 USA. RP Bancroft, LW (reprint author), Mayo Clin, Dept Radiol, 4500 San Pablo Rd, Jacksonville, FL 32224 USA. EM bancroft.laura@mayo.edu OI Bancroft, Laura/0000-0002-3997-5759 NR 34 TC 36 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 9 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0033-8389 J9 RADIOL CLIN N AM JI Radiol. Clin. N. Am. PD MAY PY 2006 VL 44 IS 3 BP 451 EP + DI 10.1016/j.rcl.2006.01.001 PG 12 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 044VS UT WOS:000237701700010 PM 16644361 ER PT J AU Kransdorf, MJ Murphey, MD AF Kransdorf, MJ Murphey, MD TI Soft tissue tumors: Post-treatment imaging SO RADIOLOGIC CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA LA English DT Article ID INSUFFICIENCY FRACTURES; BONE-MARROW; POSTOPERATIVE NECK; RADIATION-THERAPY; SARCOMAS; IRRADIATION; APPEARANCE; PATTERNS; SURGERY; FLAPS AB As the radiologic evaluation of soft tissue masses has changed dramatically with the advent of MR imaging, the effect of MR imaging is even more striking in the assessment of patients after treatment. In cases of local tumor recurrence, MR imaging has become the standard of care. Using a few basic principles, even small local recurrences can be detected accurately, and recurrence can be distinguished from postoperative or Post-treatment change. This review presents a ftindamental approach to the evaluation of patients, following treatment for soft tissue tumors and highlighting MR imaging. C1 Mayo Clin, Dept Radiol, Jacksonville, FL 32224 USA. Mayo Clin, Coll Med, Rochester, MN 55905 USA. Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Dept Radiol Pathol, Washington, DC 20306 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Radiol & Nucl Med, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Radiol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Kransdorf, MJ (reprint author), Mayo Clin, Dept Radiol, 4500 San Pablo Rd, Jacksonville, FL 32224 USA. EM kransdorf.mark@mayo.edu NR 24 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0033-8389 J9 RADIOL CLIN N AM JI Radiol. Clin. N. Am. PD MAY PY 2006 VL 44 IS 3 BP 463 EP + DI 10.1016/j.rcl.2006.01.006 PG 11 WC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging SC Radiology, Nuclear Medicine & Medical Imaging GA 044VS UT WOS:000237701700011 PM 16644362 ER PT J AU Pando, MA Bautista, CT Maulen, S Duranti, R Marone, R Rey, J Vignoles, M Eirin, ME Biglione, MM Griemberg, G Montano, SM Carr, JK Sanchez, JL Avila, MM AF Pando, MA Bautista, CT Maulen, S Duranti, R Marone, R Rey, J Vignoles, M Eirin, ME Biglione, MM Griemberg, G Montano, SM Carr, JK Sanchez, JL Avila, MM TI Epidemiology of human immunodeficiency virus, viral hepatitis (B and c), Treponema pallidum, and human T-cell lymphotropic I/II virus among men who have sex with men in Buenos Aires, Argentina SO SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED DISEASES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 15th International AIDS Conference CY JUL 11-17, 2004 CL Bangkok, THAILAND ID SEXUALLY-TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS; HOMOSEXUAL-MEN; HIV-1 INFECTION; RECENT TRENDS; RISK-FACTORS; YOUNG MEN; HTLV-II; DISEASES; SEROPREVALENCE; TRANSMISSION AB Background: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and sexually transmitted infections (STI) are prevalent among men who have sex with men (MSM). Goal: To estimate the prevalence of HIV and STIs in this group. Study: A total of 694 MSM were tested for HIV, hepatitis B (HBV), hepatitis C (HCV), human T-cell lymphotropic (HTLV-I/II) viruses and Treponema pallidum infection. Results: HIV, HBV, and T pallidum were detected in 13.8%, 37.7%, and 16.9% of subjects, respectively. Prevalences of 1.9% and 0.3% were detected for HCV and HTLV-I/II. A prior history of STI was the most predictor for HIV, HBV, and T pallidum. Use of illegal drugs, blood transfusion history, and multiple sexual partners were associated with HCV. The 2 most common coinfections were HBV/T pallidum and HIV/HBV. Conclusions: Infection with HIV, HBV, and T pallidunr was elevated among MSM. Routine testing, education, vaccine-based prevention, and control programs need to be implemented in this high-risk population. C1 Univ Buenos Aires, Fac Med, Dept Microbiol Immunol & Parasitol, Ctr Nacl Referencia SIDA, RA-1121 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. Henry M Jackson Fdn Advancement Mil Med Inc, US Mil HIV Res Program, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Rockville, MD USA. Nexo, Asociac Civil, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. Hosp Clin Jose San Martin, Lab Hemoterapia, Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. Univ Buenos Aires, Fac Farm & Bioquim, Lab Inmunol Clin, RA-1113 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. US Naval Med Res Ctr Detechment, Lima, Peru. Univ Maryland, Inst Biotechnol, Div Epidemiol, Inst Human Virol, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. Anteon Corp, Frederick, MD USA. RP Avila, MM (reprint author), Univ Buenos Aires, Fac Med, Dept Microbiol Immunol & Parasitol, Ctr Nacl Referencia SIDA, Paraguay 2155,Piso 11, RA-1121 Buenos Aires, DF, Argentina. EM mavila@fmed.uba.ar RI Bautista, Christian/B-2812-2011 NR 38 TC 17 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 5 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0148-5717 J9 SEX TRANSM DIS JI Sex. Transm. Dis. PD MAY PY 2006 VL 33 IS 5 BP 307 EP 313 DI 10.1097/01.olq.0000194578.06795.2d PG 7 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 039KA UT WOS:000237303200006 PM 16540880 ER PT J AU Moawad, FJ Hartzell, JD Biega, TJ Lettieri, CJ AF Moawad, Fouad J. Hartzell, Joshua D. Biega, Timothy J. Lettieri, Christopher J. TI Transient blindness due to posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome following ephedra overdose SO SOUTHERN MEDICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome; reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome; hypertensive encephalopathy; cortical blindness; ephedra ID LEUKOENCEPHALOPATHY SYNDROME; SAFETY; LESIONS AB Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome (PRES), also known as reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome (RPLS),. is most often associated with hypertensive emergencies and is characterized by seizures, mental status changes and visual disturbances. We report a case of a previously healthy young man who developed multiorgan failure and transient cortical blindness following ingestion of a performance-enhancing ephedra-based supplement. Neuroimaging findings confirmed the clinical suspicion of PRES. Radiographic abnormalities and neurologic dysfunction subsequently resolved with correction of his systolic blood pressure. This case emphasizes the need for prompt treatment and consideration of toxic ingestions in patients presenting with hypertension-related end-organ dysfunction. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. George Washington Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Neuroradiol, Washington, DC 20052 USA. Pulm Crit Care & Sleep Med Serv, Washington, DC USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Med, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Moawad, FJ (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, 6900 Georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM Fouad.Moawad@na.amedd.army.mil NR 14 TC 13 Z9 17 U1 0 U2 1 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0038-4348 J9 SOUTH MED J JI South.Med.J. PD MAY PY 2006 VL 99 IS 5 BP 511 EP 514 DI 10.1097/01.smj.0000215739.90211.3b PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 095NV UT WOS:000241315500014 PM 16711314 ER PT J AU Lundy, JB Gadacz, TR AF Lundy, Jonathan B. Gadacz, Thomas R. TI Massive fecal impaction presenting with megarectum and perforation of a stercoral ulcer at the rectosigmoid junction SO SOUTHERN MEDICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE constipation; idiopathic megarectum; stercoral ulcer ID IDIOPATHIC MEGARECTUM; COLON AB A 25-year-old male with lifelong constipation presented to the emergency department with an acute abdomen. Initial resuscitation was performed, and the patient underwent urgent laparotomy. He was found to have feculent peritonitis with megabowel involving the rectum and sigmoid colon and a stercoral ulcer with full thickness erosion, and perforation was also identified on the anti-mesocolic surface at the rectosigmoid junction. Abdominal irrigation and subtotal colectomy with proximal fecal diversion was performed. This case illustrates that recognition of severe, chronic constipation should lead to interventions including disimpaction and aggressive medical management. When indicated, megabowel can be managed surgically in an elective setting based on anatomic findings and physiologic studies. Peritonitis is an ominous late finding in patients with severe constipation. C1 Dwight D Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. Med Coll Georgia, Dept Gastrointestinal Surg, Augusta, GA 30912 USA. RP Lundy, JB (reprint author), Dwight D Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. EM jlundy1313@yahoo.com NR 14 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0038-4348 J9 SOUTH MED J JI South.Med.J. PD MAY PY 2006 VL 99 IS 5 BP 525 EP 527 DI 10.1097/01.smj.0000215762.71272.8b PG 3 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 095NV UT WOS:000241315500018 PM 16711318 ER PT J AU Wu, C Ayers, PD Anderson, AB AF Wu, C. Ayers, P. D. Anderson, A. B. TI Influence of travel direction on GPS accuracy for vehicle tracking SO TRANSACTIONS OF THE ASABE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT ASAE Annual Meeting CY 2005 CL Tampa, FL SP ASAE DE cross-track error; DOP; GPS dynamic accuracv; XDOP ID REGRESSION; RECEIVERS AB The influence of travel direction oil GPS dynamic accuracy for vehicle tracking is discussed in two sections. The first section investigates the influence of travel direction oil GPS accuracy due to the GPS satellite sky! distribution. GPS dilution of precision (DOP) was calculated based oil GPS satellite geometry at a variety of locations and different mask angle settings. Results show a significant difference between north DOP and east DOP in a mid-latitude area. A clear trend of the 24 h average ratio of the north DOP to the east DOP was found related to latitudes and mask angle settings. Cross-track dilution of precision (XDOP) is defined as the GPS DOP perpendicular to the travel direction. The influence of the GPS satellite geometry oil GPS accuracy was mapped into the vehicle platform frame to derive the XDOP, and accordingly to derive the influence of travel direction oil the GPS dynamic accuracy. Results showed that the XDOP increased as the course over ground (COG) changed from 0 degrees to 90 degrees. Considering that a regression line filling through GPS data may be referenced as the true path for calculating GPS errors, the second section reviews methods for fitting linear models. The most commonly used approach for linear fitting is least-square regression that minimizes the sum square of vertical offsets, rather than perpendicular offsets. This approach call result in a potential model fitting error which was found to be dependent oil the direction of travel and the dynamic accuracy of the tested GPS receiver when this approach was used to generate the referenced true path for calculating GPS cross-track errors. Our results showed that the fitting error reached its maximum when the tested vehicle was traveling in the N-S (or S-N) direction and decreased when the travel direction moved away from the N-S direction. C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Biosyst Engn & Soil Sci, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. USA, Engn Res & Dev Ctr, CERL, Champaign, IL USA. RP Ayers, PD (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Biosyst Engn & Soil Sci, 2506 EJ Chapman Dr, Knoxville, TN 37996 USA. EM ayers@utk.edu NR 41 TC 5 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER SOC AGRICULTURAL & BIOLOGICAL ENGINEERS PI ST JOSEPH PA 2950 NILES RD, ST JOSEPH, MI 49085-9659 USA SN 0001-2351 J9 T ASABE JI Trans. ASABE PD MAY-JUN PY 2006 VL 49 IS 3 BP 623 EP 634 PG 12 WC Agricultural Engineering SC Agriculture GA 061GX UT WOS:000238860600006 ER PT J AU Manyak, MJ Javitt, M Kang, PS Kreuger, WR Storm, ES AF Manyak, MJ Javitt, M Kang, PS Kreuger, WR Storm, ES TI The evolution of imaging in advanced prostate cancer SO UROLOGIC CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA LA English DT Article ID OPTICAL-COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY; ASSESSING BIOCHEMICAL FAILURE; POSITRON-EMISSION-TOMOGRAPHY; MEMBRANE ANTIGEN-EXPRESSION; IN-111 CAPROMAB PENDETIDE; LYMPH-NODE METASTASES; RADICAL PROSTATECTOMY; TRANSRECTAL ULTRASOUND; BONE-SCINTIGRAPHY; (111)INDIUM-CAPROMAB PENDETIDE AB Medical advances will be driven by the enhancement of imaging for diagnosis, refinement of treatment, and evaluation of treatment efficacy. The convergence of technology in materials science, biology, and the computer industry has greatly advanced diagnostic imaging. Precision in control of the spatial and temporal properties of light and its heterogeneous scattering properties have extended our capability for imaging. Refinements in radioimmunoscintigraphy for image acquisition, fusion of images, and outcome data now suggest use for image-guided therapy. Novel MRI agents appear to provide significant imaging capabilities to detect malignant lymph nodes. Future applications of optical coherence tomography, electron paramagnetic resonance imaging, nanotechnology, molecular imaging, and hyperspectral spectroscopy promise further refinements to image tissues for diagnosis. C1 Cytogen Corp, Princeton, NJ USA. George Washington Univ, Washington, DC 20052 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Diagnost Radiol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Manyak, MJ (reprint author), 2322 Blaine Dr, Chevy Chase, MD 20815 USA. EM mmanyak@cytogen.com NR 84 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0094-0143 J9 UROL CLIN N AM JI Urol. Clin. N. Am. PD MAY PY 2006 VL 33 IS 2 BP 133 EP + DI 10.1016/j.ucl.2005.12.014 PG 15 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 048JO UT WOS:000237943600003 PM 16631452 ER PT J AU Carpenter, CM Hall, ER Randall, R McKenzie, R Cassels, F Diaz, N Thomas, N Bedford, P Darsley, M Gewert, C Howard, C Sack, RB Sack, DA Chang, HS Gomes, G Bourgeois, AL AF Carpenter, CM Hall, ER Randall, R McKenzie, R Cassels, F Diaz, N Thomas, N Bedford, P Darsley, M Gewert, C Howard, C Sack, RB Sack, DA Chang, HS Gomes, G Bourgeois, AL TI Comparison of the antibody in lymphocyte supernatant (ALS) and ELISPOT assays for detection of mucosal immune responses to antigens of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli in challenged and vaccinated volunteers SO VACCINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Conference on Vaccines for Enteric Diseases CY APR 28-30, 2004 CL Montego Bay, JAMAICA DE ALS; ELISPOT; enterotoxigenic E. coli ID B-SUBUNIT VACCINE; SECRETING CELLS; CHOLERA; IMMUNOGENICITY; SAFETY; IMMUNIZATION; ADULTS; CHILDREN; DISEASE; HUMANS AB In the present study we compared the ELISPOT and antibody in lymphocyte supernatants (ALS) assays as surrogate measures of mucosal immunitv. In separate studies. 20 inpatient volunteers received oral doses of 6 x 10(8) or 4 x 10(9) cfu of ETEC strain E24377A (LT+, ST+, CS1(+), CS3(+)) and 20 subjects received 1 (n = 9) or 2 (n = 11) oral doses of the attenuated ETEC vaccine, PTL-003 expressing CFA/II (CS1+ and CS3+) (2 x 10(9) cfu/dose). Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from all subjects were assayed for anti-colonization factor or toxin-specific IgA antibody responses using the ALS and ELISPOT procedures. ALS responses were measured using a standard ELISA, as well as by time-resolved fluorescence (TRF). Following challenge with E24377A, significant anti-CS3, CS1 and LT ALS responses were detected in the lymphocyte supernatants of 75-95% of the subjects. A similar proportion (75%) of subjects mounted an ALS response to CFA/II antigen after vaccination with the PTL-003 vaccine. Inter-assay comparisons between ALS and ELISPOT methods also revealed a high degree of correlation in both immunization groups. ALS sensitivity versus the ELISPOT assay for LT, CS3 and CS1-specific responses following challenge were 95%. 94% and 78%. respectively and 83% for the ALS response to CFA/II antigen after vaccination with PTL-003. Correlation coefficients for the LT and CS3 antigens were 0.94 (p < 0.001) and 0.82 (p < 0.001), respectively after challenge and 0.78 (p < 0.001) after vaccination. The association between ALS and ELISPOT for the CS I antigen was however, significant only when ALS supernatants were tested by TRF (r = 0.91. p < 0.001). These results demonstrate the value and flexibility of the ALS assay as an alternative to ELISPOT for the measurement of mucosal immune responses to ETEC antigens, particularly when the complexities of ELISPOT may make it impractical to perform. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Int Hlth, Ctr Immunizat Res, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. USN, Med Res Ctr, Enter Dis Dept, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Acamb Res Ltd, Cambridge CB1 9PT, England. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Enter Infect, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Bourgeois, AL (reprint author), Johns Hopkins Univ, Bloomberg Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Int Hlth, Ctr Immunizat Res, 624 N Broadway,HH,Rm 205, Baltimore, MD 21205 USA. EM abourgeo@jhsph.edu RI Diaz-Mayoral, Norma/B-8416-2012 FU NCRR NIH HHS [M01-RR00052] NR 28 TC 21 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD MAY 1 PY 2006 VL 24 IS 18 BP 3709 EP 3718 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2005.07.022 PG 10 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 048JT UT WOS:000237944100002 PM 16153753 ER PT J AU Islam, D Lewis, MD Srijan, A Bodhidatta, L Aksomboon, A Gettayacamin, M Baqar, S Scott, D Mason, CJ AF Islam, D Lewis, MD Srijan, A Bodhidatta, L Aksomboon, A Gettayacamin, M Baqar, S Scott, D Mason, CJ TI Establishment of a non-human primate Campylobacter disease model for the pre-clinical evaluation of Campylobacter vaccine formulations SO VACCINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Conference on Vaccines for Enteric Diseases CY APR 28-30, 2004 CL Montego Bay, JAMAICA DE Campylobacter infection; rhesus monkey; immune response ID RHESUS-MONKEYS; TRAVELERS DIARRHEA; JEJUNI INFECTIONS; MACACA-MULATTA; ETIOLOGY; ANIMALS; HEALTHY; INFANT; IMMUNOGENICITY; CARRIAGE AB Campylobacter jejuni is a common cause of enteritis worldwide. The mechanisms by which C. jejuni causes disease are unclear. Challenge studies in humans are currently considered unethical due to the possibility of severe complications, such as Guillain-Barre syndrome. Campylobacter infection in non-human primates closely mimics the disease and immune response, seen in humans. In this study, we attempted to determine the minimal dose of a pathogenic C. jejuni 81-176 strain required for clinical signs and symptoms of disease (>= 80% attack rate) in Macaca mulatta monkeys using an escalating dosage (three doses for three monkey groups: 10(7), 10(9) and 10(11) cfu). Eighty percent of the monkeys challenged with highest dose (10(11) cfu) had mild disease, but the 80% attack rate (moderate diarrhea in 80% of the monkeys) was not achieved. However, 100% of monkeys showed IgA seroconversions (three-fold over pre-challenge titers). The elicited immune response was challenge dose-dependent. Campylobacter antigen specific fecal s-IgA responses were observed in all challenged groups but the response was not dose-dependent. Only IgM antibody secreting cells response was observed against Campylobacter antigens. The elicited immune response in three groups of rhesus monkeys was dose-dependent, indicating this monkey model can be used for pre-clinical evaluation of Campylobacter candidate vaccines, however these adult rhesus monkeys are less prone to Campylobacter infection. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Dept Enter Dis, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Dept Vet Med, Bangkok, Thailand. Naval Med Res Ctr, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP Islam, D (reprint author), Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Dept Enter Dis, 315-6 Rajvithi Rd, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. EM islamd@afrims.org OI MASON, CARL/0000-0002-3676-2811 NR 33 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD MAY 1 PY 2006 VL 24 IS 18 BP 3762 EP 3771 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2005.07.023 PG 10 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 048JT UT WOS:000237944100008 PM 16098634 ER PT J AU Jones, FR Hall, ER Tribble, D Savarino, SJ Cassels, FJ Porter, C Meza, R Nunez, G Espinoza, N Salazar, M Luckett, R Scott, D AF Jones, FR Hall, ER Tribble, D Savarino, SJ Cassels, FJ Porter, C Meza, R Nunez, G Espinoza, N Salazar, M Luckett, R Scott, D TI The New World primate, Aotus nancymae, as a model for examining the immunogenicity of a prototype enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli subunit vaccine SO VACCINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 3rd International Conference on Vaccines for Enteric Diseases CY APR 28-30, 2004 CL Montego Bay, JAMAICA ID HEAT-LABILE ENTEROTOXIN; COLONIZATION FACTORS; ANTIBODY-RESPONSES; CS6; IMMUNIZATION; PATHOGENS; MONKEYS; ANTIGEN; ETEC; MICE AB The colonization factors (CF) of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) are being targeted for inclusion in a multi-subunit ETEC vaccine. This study was designed to examine the preclinical safety and immumogenicity of CF CS6, encapsulated in a biodegradable poly(DL-lactideco-glycolide) (meCS6), and administered in the presence or absence of a mutated heat-labile enterotoxin, LT(R192G), in the non-human primate, Aotus nancymae. A. nancymae were inoculated intranasally (IN) with meCS6 (200 mu g; positive control), or intragastrically (IG) with meCS6 (200 or 1000 mu g) with or without 2 mu g LT(R192G) in three doses given at 2-week intervals. In a second experiment, A. nancymae were inoculated IG with 950 mu g of meCS6 with or without 2 mu g LT(R192G) in four doses given every 48 h. Blood was collected to assess anti-CS6 and -LT serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) and IgA responses and safety variables (complete blood count and chemistry). Safety parameters were unchanged from baseline following all vaccinations. In Experiment 1, a dose-related serologic response to CS6 was observed; 78.6 and 57.1% of monkeys given 1000 mu g meCS6 (n = 14) had a serum IgG and IgA response, respectively, compared to only 28.6% of monkeys given 200 mu g meCS6 (n = 14) with a serum IgG and IgA response. No significant effect on the number of responders or the magnitude of responses was observed with the addition of LT(R192G). The three-dose, 2-week regimen with 1000 mu g meCS6 was more effective at eliciting an immune response than the four-dose, 48-h regimen with 950 mu g meCS6. Results from this study indicate that A. nancymae provide a useful ETEC preclinical safety and immunogenicity model. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 USN, Med Res Ctr, Biodef Res Directorate, Enter Dis Dept, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. NMRCD, Bacterial Dis Program, Unit 3800, Lima 34031, Peru. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Enter Infect, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Jones, FR (reprint author), USN, Med Res Ctr, Biodef Res Directorate, Enter Dis Dept, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM jonesf@nmrc.navy.mil RI Porter, Chad/A-8026-2011; Savarino, Stephen/A-8030-2011 NR 23 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD MAY 1 PY 2006 VL 24 IS 18 BP 3786 EP 3792 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2005.07.029 PG 7 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 048JT UT WOS:000237944100015 PM 16343702 ER PT J AU Nevin, R AF Nevin, R TI Economic analysis of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) screening in military recruits: Quantiferon (R)-TB gold in-tube (QFT-GIT) versus tuberculin skin testing (TST) SO VALUE IN HEALTH LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 USA, Med Surveillance Act, Washington, DC 20310 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1098-3015 J9 VALUE HEALTH JI Value Health PD MAY-JUN PY 2006 VL 9 IS 3 BP A154 EP A154 DI 10.1016/S1098-3015(10)64781-X PG 1 WC Economics; Health Care Sciences & Services; Health Policy & Services SC Business & Economics; Health Care Sciences & Services GA 038MC UT WOS:000237224200478 ER PT J AU Waxman, SW Morey, AF AF Waxman, SW Morey, AF TI Management of urethral strictures SO LANCET LA English DT Editorial Material ID TONGUE COMPOSITE GRAFT; CLEFT-LIP; URETHROPLASTY; DEFORMITIES; VERMILION C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Morey, AF (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM allen.morey@amedd.army.mil NR 13 TC 38 Z9 45 U1 0 U2 1 PU LANCET LTD PI LONDON PA 84 THEOBALDS RD, LONDON WC1X 8RR, ENGLAND SN 0140-6736 J9 LANCET JI Lancet PD APR 29 PY 2006 VL 367 IS 9520 BP 1379 EP 1380 DI 10.1016/S0140-6736(06)68592-9 PG 2 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 038CI UT WOS:000237195600008 PM 16650634 ER PT J AU Daddario-DiCaprio, KM Geisbert, TW Stroher, U Geisbert, JB Grolla, A Fritz, EA Fernando, L Kagan, E Jahrling, PB Hensley, LE Jones, SM Feldmann, H AF Daddario-DiCaprio, KM Geisbert, TW Stroher, U Geisbert, JB Grolla, A Fritz, EA Fernando, L Kagan, E Jahrling, PB Hensley, LE Jones, SM Feldmann, H TI Postexposure protection against Marburg haemorrhagic fever with recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus vectors in non-human primates: an efficacy assessment SO LANCET LA English DT Article ID REPLICATION-COMPETENT; INFLUENZA-VIRUS; DEFICIENT MICE; GUINEA-PIGS; INFECTION; MONKEYS; VACCINATION; DISEASE; EBOLA; GLYCOPROTEINS AB Background Effective countermeasures are urgently needed to prevent and treat infections caused by highly pathogenic and biological threat agents such as Marburg virus (MARV). We aimed to test the efficacy of a replication-competent vaccine based on attenuated recombinant vesicular stomatitis virus (rVSV), as a postexposure treatment for MARV haemorrhagic fever. Methods We used a rhesus macaque model of MARV haemorrhagic fever that produced 100% lethality. We administered rVSV vectors expressing the MARV Musoke strain glycoprotein to five macaques 20-30 min after a high-dose lethal injection of homologous MARV. Three animals were MARV-positive controls and received nonspecific rVSV vectors. We tested for viraemia, undertook analyses for haematology and serum biochemistry, and measured humoral and cellular immune responses. Findings All five rhesus monkeys that were treated with the rVSV MARV vectors as a postexposure treatment survived a high-dose lethal challenge of MARV for at least 80 days. None of these five animals developed clinical symptoms consistent with MARV haemorrhagic fever. All the control animals developed fulminant disease and succumbed to the MARV challenge by day 12. MARV disease in the controls was indicated by: high titres of MARV (10(3)-10(5) plaque-forming units per mL); development of leucocytosis with concurrent neutrophilia at end-stage disease; and possible damage to the liver, kidney, and pancreas. Interpretation Postexposure protection against MARV in non-human primates provides a paradigm for the treatment of MARV haemorrhagic fever. indeed, these data suggest that rVSV-based filoviral vaccines might not only have potential as preventive vaccines, but also could be equally useful for postexposure treatment of filoviral infections. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Virol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Publ Hlth Agcy Canada, Special Pathogens Program, Natl Microbiol Lab, Winnipeg, MB, Canada. Univ Manitoba, Dept Med Microbiol, Winnipeg, MB, Canada. Univ Manitoba, Dept Immunol, Winnipeg, MB, Canada. NIAID, Integrated Res Facil, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Geisbert, TW (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Virol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM tom.geisbert@amedd.army.mil NR 35 TC 102 Z9 108 U1 1 U2 5 PU LANCET LTD PI LONDON PA 84 THEOBALDS RD, LONDON WC1X 8RR, ENGLAND SN 0140-6736 J9 LANCET JI Lancet PD APR 29 PY 2006 VL 367 IS 9520 BP 1399 EP 1404 DI 10.1016/S0140-6736(06)68546-2 PG 6 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 038CI UT WOS:000237195600027 PM 16650649 ER PT J AU Engel, CC Hyams, KC Scott, K AF Engel, CC Hyams, KC Scott, K TI Managing future Gulf War Syndromes: international lessons and new models of care SO PHILOSOPHICAL TRANSACTIONS OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY B-BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Review DE chronic fatigue; Gulf War Syndrome; population surveillance; post-traumatic; military; veterans ID RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; CHRONIC-FATIGUE-SYNDROME; COGNITIVE-BEHAVIORAL THERAPY; UNEXPLAINED PHYSICAL SYMPTOMS; LOW-BACK-PAIN; GRADED-EXERCISE; CHRONIC ILLNESS; BIRTH-DEFECTS; US VETERANS; FOLLOW-UP AB After the 1991 Gulf War, veterans of the conflict from the United States, United Kingdom, Canada, Australia and other nations described chronic idiopathic symptoms that became popularly known as 'Gulf War Syndrome'. Nearly 15 years later, some 250 million dollars in United States medical research has failed to confirm a novel war-related syndrome and controversy over the existence and causes of idiopathic physical symptoms has persisted. Wartime exposures implicated as possible causes of subsequent symptoms include oil well fire smoke, infectious diseases, vaccines, chemical and biological warfare agents, depleted uranium munitions and post-traumatic stress disorder. Recent historical analyses have identified controversial idiopathic symptom syndromes associated with nearly every modern war, suggesting that war typically sets into motion interrelated physical, emotional and fiscal consequences for veterans and for society. We anticipate future controversial war syndromes and maintain that a population-based approach to care can mitigate their impact. This paper delineates essential features of the model, describes its public health and scientific underpinnings and details how several countries are trying to implement it. With troops returning from combat in Afghanistan, Iraq and elsewhere, the model is already getting put to the test. C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Deployment Hlth Clin Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Dept Vet Affairs, Off Publ Hlth & Environm Hazards, VA Cent Off, Washington, DC 20420 USA. Canadian Forces Hlth Serv, Directorate Med Policy, Ottawa, ON K1A 0K6, Canada. RP Engel, CC (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Sch Med, Dept Psychiat, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. EM cengel@usuhs.mil NR 111 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 4 U2 8 PU ROYAL SOC PI LONDON PA 6-9 CARLTON HOUSE TERRACE, LONDON SW1Y 5AG, ENGLAND SN 0962-8436 EI 1471-2970 J9 PHILOS T R SOC B JI Philos. Trans. R. Soc. B-Biol. Sci. PD APR 29 PY 2006 VL 361 IS 1468 BP 707 EP 720 DI 10.1098/rstb.2006.1829 PG 14 WC Biology SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics GA 030YU UT WOS:000236672100016 PM 16687273 ER PT J AU Kudeki, E Milla, M Friedrich, M Lehmacher, G Sponseller, D AF Kudeki, E Milla, M Friedrich, M Lehmacher, G Sponseller, D TI ALTAIR incoherent scatter observations of the equatorial daytime ionosphere SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID RADAR AB The first high-resolution electron density maps of the low-latitude D- and E-region ionosphere in the Pacific sector acquired with ALTAIR UHF measurements are presented. The electron density data were collected in connection with a rocket based common volume experiment described by Friedrich et al. (2006). The observed phenomena in the density maps include E-region density layers of tidal origin, shorter lived layers with small vertical scales, and lower E-region electron density enhancement in response to enhanced X-ray flux. C1 Univ Illinois, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Everitt Lab, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. Graz Univ Technol, A-8010 Graz, Austria. Clemson Univ, Dept Phys & Astron, Kinard Lab 105, Clemson, SC 29634 USA. USA, Kwajalein Range Serv LLC, ALTAIR Radar, Kwajalein Atoll Reagan Test Site, Kwajalein Atoll, TT USA. RP Kudeki, E (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Everitt Lab, 1406 W Main St, Urbana, IL 61801 USA. EM erhan@uiuc.edu; mmilla@uiuc.edu; martin.friedrich@tugraz.at; glehmac@clemson.edu; dale.sponseller@us.army.mil RI Lehmacher, Gerald/F-2653-2013; Milla, Marco/L-9345-2013 OI Milla, Marco/0000-0001-9067-863X NR 8 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 4 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD APR 28 PY 2006 VL 33 IS 8 AR L08108 DI 10.1029/2005GL025180 PG 5 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 040WN UT WOS:000237411800003 ER PT J AU Ribot, WJ Powell, BS Ivins, BE Little, SF Johnson, WM Hoover, TA Norris, SL Adamovicz, JJ Friedlander, AM Andrews, GP AF Ribot, WJ Powell, BS Ivins, BE Little, SF Johnson, WM Hoover, TA Norris, SL Adamovicz, JJ Friedlander, AM Andrews, GP TI Comparative vaccine efficacy of different isoforms of recombinant protective antigen against Bacillus anthracis spore challenge in rabbits SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE anthrax; Bacillus anthracis; protective antigen; vaccine; isoforms; rabbits ID IN-VITRO CORRELATE; RECEPTOR-BINDING; TOXIN; PROTEINS; MICE; DEAMIDATION; IMMUNITY; PURIFICATION; IMMUNIZATION; ADJUVANTS AB The next-generation human anthrax vaccine developed by the United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases (USAMRIID) is based upon purified Bacillus anthracis recombinant protective antigen (rPA) adsorbed to aluminum hydroxide adjuvant (Alhydrogel). In addition to being safe, and effective, it is important that such a vaccine be fully characterized. Four major protein isoforms detected in purified rPA by native PAGE during research and development were reduced to two primary isoforms in bulk material produced by an improved process performed under Good Manufacturing Practices (GMP). Analysis of both rPA preparations by a protein-isoaspartyl-methyltransferase assay (PIMT) revealed the presence of increasing amounts of iso-aspartic acid correlating with isoform content and suggesting deamidation as the source of rPA charge heterogeneity. Additional purification of GMP rPA by anion exchange chromatography separated and enriched the two principal isoforms. The in vitro and in vivo biological activities of each isoform were measured in comparison to the whole GMP preparation. There was no significant difference in the biological activity of each isoform compared to GMP rPA when analyzed in the presence of lethal factor using a macrophage lysis assay. Vaccination with the two individual isoforms revealed no differences in cytotoxicity neutralization antibody titers when compared to the GMP preparation although one isoform induced more anti-PA IgG antibody than the GMP material. Most importantly, each of the two isoforms as well as the whole GMP preparation protected 90-100% of rabbits challenged parenterally with 129 LD50 of B. anthracis Ames spores. The equivalent biological activity and vaccine efficacy of the two isoforms suggests that further processing to separate isoforms is unnecessary for continued testing of this next-generation anthrax vaccine. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. Univ Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071 USA. RP Ribot, WJ (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM Wilson.Ribot@amedd.army.mil NR 36 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD APR 24 PY 2006 VL 24 IS 17 BP 3469 EP 3476 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2006.02.013 PG 8 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 035MM UT WOS:000237005400010 PM 16519970 ER PT J AU Pittman, PR Norris, SL Oro, JG Bedwell, D Cannon, TL McKee, KT AF Pittman, PR Norris, SL Oro, JG Bedwell, D Cannon, TL McKee, KT TI Patterns of antibody response in humans to the anthrax vaccine adsorbed (AVA) primary (six-dose) series SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE anthrax vaccine; antibody; antibody kinetics ID PROTECTIVE ANTIGEN; BACILLUS-ANTHRACIS; IMMUNOGLOBULIN-G; LETHAL FACTOR; TOXIN; IMMUNITY; ELABORATION; CORRELATE; STRAINS AB The antibody profile during and after the six-dose primary vaccination series with anthrax vaccine adsorbed (AVA, Biothrax (TM)) was characterized in 86 human volunteers. Ninety-three percent of recipients developed IgG antibodies to Bacillus anthracis protective antigen (PA) after two doses, and 100% were seropositive after dose #3. Geometric mean concentrations (GMC) of IgG to PA measured before and after each dose were significantly lower after injection #3 (peak GMC = 146.65 mu g/mL, trough GMC = 15.16 mu g/mL) than after injections #4 (peak GMC = 430.46 mu g/mL, trough GMC = 94.57 mu g/mL), #5 (peak GMC = 415.05 mu g/mL, trough GMC = 81.94 mu g/mL), or #6 (peak GMC = 401.16 mu g/mL, trough GMC = 96.19 mu g/mL) (p < 0.0001 for each); but not between injections #4 and #5, #5 and #6, or #4 and #6 (p > 0.7923 for each). Decay rates for IgG to PA were significantly faster after injection #3 (half life [T-1/2] = 39.21 days) than after injections #4 (T-1/2 = 72.03 days), #5 (T-1/2 = 70.14 days), and #6 (T-1/2 = 74.59 days) (p <= 0.0282 for each). Toxin neutralizing assay (TNA) antibody patterns generally paralleled those for IgG to PA. The 6-month dose in the AVA primary series appears to be critical in sustaining IgG to PA concentrations in a substantial proportion of recipients. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. USA MRIID, GoldbeltRaven, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. USAMRIIB, Camber Corp, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. USA, Garrison, Directorate Informat Management, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Pittman, PR (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, 1425 Porter St, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM phillip.pittman@amedd.army.mil NR 28 TC 35 Z9 36 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD APR 24 PY 2006 VL 24 IS 17 BP 3654 EP 3660 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2006.01.054 PG 7 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 035MM UT WOS:000237005400032 PM 16497418 ER PT J AU Cote, CK Honeyman, AL AF Cote, Christopher K. Honeyman, Allen L. TI Transcriptional analysis of the bglP gene from Streptococcus mutans SO BMC MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID BETA-GLUCOSIDE UTILIZATION; BACILLUS-SUBTILIS; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; ANTITERMINATOR LICT; UTILIZATION SYSTEM; CATABOLIC OPERONS; PROTEIN; PHOSPHORYLATION; REGULATOR; BACTERIA AB Background: An open reading frame encoding a putative antiterminator protein, LicT, was identified in the genomic sequence of Streptococcus mutans. A potential ribonucleic antitermination ( RAT) site to which the LicT protein would potentially bind has been identified immediately adjacent to this open reading frame. The licT gene and RAT site are both located 5' to a beta-glucoside PTS regulon previously described in S. mutans that is responsible for esculin utilization in the presence of glucose. It was hypothesized that antitermination is the regulatory mechanism that is responsible for the control of the bglP gene expression, which encodes an esculin-specific PTS enzyme II. Results: To localize the promoter activity associated with the bglP locus, a series of transcriptional lacZ gene fusions was formed on a reporter shuttle vector using various DNA fragments from the bglP promoter region. Subsequent beta-galactosidase assays in S. mutans localized the bglP promoter region and identified putative -35 and -10 promoter elements. Primer extension analysis identified the bglP transcriptional start site. In addition, a terminated bglP transcript formed by transcriptional termination was identified via transcript mapping experiments. Conclusion: The physical location of these genetic elements, the RAT site and the promoter regions, and the identification of a short terminated mRNA support the hypothesis that antitermination regulates the bglP transcript. C1 Univ S Florida, Coll Med, Dept Med Microbiol & Immunol, Tampa, FL 33612 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Bacteriol Div, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. Texas A&M Univ, Syst Hlth Sci Ctr, Baylor Coll Dent, Dept Biomed Sci, Dallas, TX 75246 USA. RP Honeyman, AL (reprint author), Univ S Florida, Coll Med, Dept Med Microbiol & Immunol, Tampa, FL 33612 USA. EM chriscote97@hotmail.com; AHoneyman@bcd.tamhsc.edu FU NIDCR NIH HHS [R01 DE010890-08, R29 DE010890, R29 DE010890-05, R01 DE010890, DE10890, R01 DE010890-07, R01 DE010890-06A1] NR 31 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 1 U2 4 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1471-2180 J9 BMC MICROBIOL JI BMC Microbiol. PD APR 21 PY 2006 VL 6 AR 37 DI 10.1186/1471-2180-6-37 PG 11 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 060UK UT WOS:000238826900001 PM 16630357 ER PT J AU Lichtman, SM Hollis, D Miller, AA Rosner, GL Rhoades, CA Lester, EP Millard, F Byrd, J Cullinan, SA Rosen, DM Parise, RA Ratain, MJ Egorin, MJ AF Lichtman, SM Hollis, D Miller, AA Rosner, GL Rhoades, CA Lester, EP Millard, F Byrd, J Cullinan, SA Rosen, DM Parise, RA Ratain, MJ Egorin, MJ TI Prospective evaluation of the relationship of patient age and paclitaxel clinical pharmacology: Cancer and leukemia group B (CALGB 9762) SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL ONCOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 94th Annual Meeting of the American-Association-for-Cancer-Research CY JUL 11-14, 2003 CL WASHINGTON, DC SP Amer Assoc Canc Res ID METASTATIC BREAST-CANCER; ELDERLY-PATIENTS; PHASE-II; PHARMACOKINETIC TRIAL; UNBOUND PACLITAXEL; RENAL DYSFUNCTION; HUMANS; WOMEN; OLDER; CHEMOTHERAPY AB Purpose To prospectively evaluate the pharmacokinetics and toxicity profile of paclitaxel in relation to patient age in adults 55 years old. Patients and Methods Paclitaxel was administered at 175 mg/m(2) for 3 hours to 153 patients, 46 of whom were 2 75 years of age. Pharmacokinetic and toxicity assessments were performed. Data were analyzed by cohort (cohort 1, age 55 to 64 years; cohort 2, age 65 to 74 years; cohort 3, age >= 75 years). Results Paclitaxel concentration versus time (AUC) and total-body clearance (CLtb) data were available for 122 patients (cohort 1, 46 patients; cohort 2, 44 patients; cohort 3, 32 patients). Mean paclitaxel AUC increased across cohorts (P = .01). Mean (SE) AUCs were 22.4 (2.5) mu mol/L X hour, 26.2 (2.8) mu mol/L x hour, and 31.7 (5.6) mu mol/L x hour for cohorts 1, 2, and 3, respectively. There was a corresponding significant (P = .007) age-related decrease in mean (SE) paclitaxel CLtb (cohort 1, 11.0 [0.7] L/h/m(2); cohort 2, 9.3 [0.6] L/h/m(2); cohort 3, 8.2 [0.6] L/h/m(2)). Patients in cohort 3 experienced significantly lower absolute neutrophil count nadirs than did younger groups (P = .02). There was also a significant increase in percentage of patients with grade 3 neutropenia across age cohorts (cohort 1, 22%; cohort 2, 35%; cohort 3, 49%; P = .006). However, the increased exposure of patients to paclitaxel and increased neutropenia were not reflected in adverse clinical sequelae such as hospitalization for toxicity (P = .82), receiving intravenous antibiotics (P = .21), or experiencing a temperature more than 38 degrees C (P = .45). Conclusion Although paclitaxel CLtb decreases with increasing patient age, there is great interpatient variability. Cooperative group studies to evaluate the effect of aging on pharmacokinetics are feasible. C1 Univ Pittsburgh, Inst Canc, Hillman Canc Ctr, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. Univ Chicago, Canc & Leukemia Grp B, Chicago, IL 60637 USA. Illinois Oncol Res Assoc, Peoria, IL USA. NYU, Sch Med, N Shore Univ Hosp, Manhasset, NY USA. CALGB Stat Ctr, Durham, NC USA. Wake Forest Univ, Bowman Gray Sch Med, Winston Salem, NC USA. Ohio State Univ, Med Ctr, Columbus, OH 43210 USA. Univ Calif San Diego, San Diego, CA 92103 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Univ Maryland, Ctr Canc, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Inst Canc, Pittsburgh, PA USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Med, Pittsburgh, PA USA. RP Egorin, MJ (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Inst Canc, Hillman Canc Ctr, 5117 Ctr Ave,G-27e, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 USA. EM egorinmj@msx.upmc.edu FU NCI NIH HHS [CA31946] NR 37 TC 46 Z9 49 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC CLINICAL ONCOLOGY PI ALEXANDRIA PA 330 JOHN CARLYLE ST, STE 300, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314 USA SN 0732-183X J9 J CLIN ONCOL JI J. Clin. Oncol. PD APR 20 PY 2006 VL 24 IS 12 BP 1846 EP 1851 DI 10.1200/JCO.2005.03.9289 PG 6 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 037CM UT WOS:000237124300012 PM 16567769 ER PT J AU Kim, DW Ku, BC Steeves, D Nagarajan, R Blumstein, A Kumar, J Gibson, PW Ratto, JA Samuelson, LA AF Kim, DW Ku, BC Steeves, D Nagarajan, R Blumstein, A Kumar, J Gibson, PW Ratto, JA Samuelson, LA TI Hydrophobic barrier: Molecular self-assembly of amphiphilic polyacetylenes within aluminosilicate nanoplatelets SO JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE layer-by-layer assembly; amphiphilic polyelectrolytes; hydrophobic barrier; water vapor diffusion resistance ID CONJUGATED IONIC POLYACETYLENES; LAYERED SILICATE NANOCOMPOSITES; SPONTANEOUS POLYMERIZATION; FILMS; DEPOSITION; 2-ETHYNYLPYRIDINE; POLYELECTROLYTES; SURFACES AB In this paper, we describe nano-assembly of amphiphilic polyelectrolytes within alummosilicate nanoplates by layer-by-layer deposition and demonstrate how the resulting films are capable of functioning as hydrophobic barrier. The polyelectrolytes with a rigid backbone and long alkyl substitutes organized within the inorganic nanosheets, to form a double layer of interdigitated alkyl substitutes. The resulting 100 nm-thick hydrophobic barriers efficiently blocked transport of moisture and hence enhanced the water vapor barrier properties of a relatively thick substrate (Nation membrane, ca. 50 mu m) up to 22 times. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Korea Res Inst Chem Technol, Adv Mat Div, Taejon 305600, South Korea. Univ Massachusetts Lowell, Dept Chem, Ctr Adv Mat, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. Univ Massachusetts, Dept Phys, Ctr Adv Mat, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. USA, Res Dev & Engn Command, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Kim, DW (reprint author), Korea Res Inst Chem Technol, Adv Mat Div, POB 107, Taejon 305600, South Korea. EM dongwook@krict.re.kr; Alexandre_Blumstein@uml.edu; Jayant_Kumar@uml.edu RI Gibson, Phillip/D-2398-2010; OI Gibson, Phillip/0000-0002-6172-4438; KIM, DONG WOOK/0000-0002-0752-5366 NR 26 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0376-7388 J9 J MEMBRANE SCI JI J. Membr. Sci. PD APR 20 PY 2006 VL 275 IS 1-2 BP 12 EP 16 DI 10.1016/j.memsci.2005.08.021 PG 5 WC Engineering, Chemical; Polymer Science SC Engineering; Polymer Science GA 027ZP UT WOS:000236455200003 ER PT J AU Ciezak, JA Trevino, SF AF Ciezak, JA Trevino, SF TI Inelastic neutron scattering spectrum of cyclotrimethylenetrinitramine: A comparison with solid-state electronic structure calculations SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A LA English DT Article ID VIBRATIONAL SPECTROSCOPY; AB-INITIO; MOLECULAR VIBRATIONS; ENERGETIC MATERIAL; RAMAN-SCATTERING; RDX; TRIAMINOTRINITROBENZENE; TEMPERATURE; PRESSURE; ACCURATE AB Solid-state geometry optimizations and corresponding normal-mode analysis of the widely used energetic material cyclotrimethylenetrinitramine (RDX) were performed using density functional theory with both the generalized gradient approximation (BLYP and BP functionals) and the local density approximation (PWC and VWN functionals). The structural results were found to be in good agreement with experimental neutron diffraction data and previously reported calculations based on the isolated-molecule approximation. The vibrational inelastic neutron scattering (INS) spectrum of polycrystalline RDX was measured and compared with Simulated INS constructed from the solid-state calculations. The vibrational frequencies calculated from the solid-state methods had average deviations of 10 cm(-1) or less, whereas previously published frequencies based on an isolated-molecule approximation had deviations of 65 cm(-1) or less, illustrating the importance of including crystalline forces. Oil the basis of the calculations and analysis, it was possible to assign the normal modes and symmetries, which agree well with previous assignments. Four possible "doorway modes" were found in the energy range defined by the lattice modes, which were all found to contain fundamental contributions from rotation of the nitro groups. C1 Weapons & Mat Res Directorate, US Army Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Ciezak, JA (reprint author), Carnegie Inst Washington, Geophys Lab, 5251 Broad Branch Rd NW, Washington, DC 20015 USA. EM jciezak@arl.army.mil NR 33 TC 30 Z9 30 U1 1 U2 7 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1089-5639 J9 J PHYS CHEM A JI J. Phys. Chem. A PD APR 20 PY 2006 VL 110 IS 15 BP 5149 EP 5155 DI 10.1021/jp057098u PG 7 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 035HP UT WOS:000236991900028 PM 16610838 ER PT J AU Xu, K Zhuang, GRV Allen, JL Lee, U Zhang, SS Ross, PN Jow, TR AF Xu, K Zhuang, GRV Allen, JL Lee, U Zhang, SS Ross, PN Jow, TR TI Syntheses and characterization of lithium alkyl mono- and dicarbonates as components of surface films in Li-lon batteries SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID LIBOB-BASED ELECTROLYTES; CARBONATE SOLUTIONS; THERMAL-STABILITY; SALT ASSOCIATION; ION CELLS; GRAPHITE; SPECTROSCOPY; PROPYLENE; INTERFACE; ETHYLENE AB A homologous series of lithium alkyl mono- and dicarbonate salts was synthesized as model reference compounds for the frequently proposed components constituting the electrolyte/electrode interface in Li-ion batteries. The physicochernical characterization of these reference compounds in the bulk state using thermal analyses and X-ray photoelectron, nuclear magnetic resonance, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopies establishes a reliable database of comparison for the studies on the surface chemistry of electrodes harvested from Li-ion cells. C1 USA, Res Lab, Electrochem Branch, Sensors & Electron Devices Directorate, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. Lawrence Berkeley Natl Lab, Div Mat Sci, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. RP Xu, K (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Electrochem Branch, Sensors & Electron Devices Directorate, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM cxu@arl.army.mil RI Zhang, Sheng/A-4456-2012 OI Zhang, Sheng/0000-0003-4435-4110 NR 30 TC 60 Z9 60 U1 2 U2 33 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD APR 20 PY 2006 VL 110 IS 15 BP 7708 EP 7719 DI 10.1021/jp0601522 PG 12 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 035HR UT WOS:000236992100019 PM 16610865 ER PT J AU Kuklo, TR Potter, BK Ludwig, SC Anderson, PA Lindsey, RW Vaccaro, AR AF Kuklo, TR Potter, BK Ludwig, SC Anderson, PA Lindsey, RW Vaccaro, AR TI Radiographic measurement techniques for sacral fractures consensus statement of the Spine Trauma Study Group SO SPINE LA English DT Article DE sacrum; sacral fracture; spine trauma; radiographic parameters; measurements ID THORACOLUMBAR BURST FRACTURES; DISPLACED TRANSVERSE FRACTURE; UNSTABLE PELVIC FRACTURES; ILIOSACRAL SCREWS; INTERNAL-FIXATION; RING FRACTURES; MANAGEMENT; INJURY; CT; CLASSIFICATION AB Study Design. Literature review. Objectives. Members of the Spine Trauma Study Group evaluated various imaging methods and compiled standardized approaches to making radiographic measurements for the assessment of sacral fractures. Summary of Background Data. The diagnosis of sacral fractures is frequently missed or delayed, and the treatment is controversial, with significant variations in recommendations regarding nonoperative treatment, neural decompression, and internal fixation. A paucity of specific radiographic measurements and criteria exist to aid the clinician in making sound treatment decisions. This may obligate surgeons to base clinical decisions on nonstandardized, nonvalidated recommendations and measures and, in some cases, anecdotal evidence. We think that a critical first step toward valid and optimal clinical decision-making requires an accurate and clear definition of imaging measurement parameters used to evaluate sacral injuries and gather data for future studies. Methods. A review of the English-speaking literature was performed to assess cited radiographic measurement techniques of sacral fractures currently in use. This allowed the formulation of detailed radiographic assessments designed to more reliably describe sacral fracture morphometry. Results. These measurements include: anterior-posterior sacral fracture displacement (axial computed tomography [CT] of the pelvis), vertical sacral fracture displacement (coronal CT reconstruction), anterior-posterior translation and kyphotic angulation (sagittal CT reconstructions), and degree of central canal involvement and foraminal encroachment (axial CT with fine cuts and coronal and sagittal reconstructions). Other radiographic factors that should be considered that may impact treatment outcomes include the level and type of sacral fracture, lumbosacral junction and sacroiliac joint involvement, and associated pelvic ring injury. Conclusions. With adoption of these radiographic guidelines, future studies will have a uniform method in which to describe sacral injuries and therefore allow study of the efficacy of various recommended treatment protocols. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Orthopaed & Rehabil, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Univ Maryland, Spine Ctr, Univ Maryland Med Syst, Baltimore, MD 21201 USA. Univ Wisconsin Hosp, Dept Orthopaed, Madison, WI USA. Baylor Coll Med, Dept Orthopaed, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Thomas Jefferson Univ Hosp, Dept Orthopaed Surg, Philadelphia, PA 19107 USA. Rothman Inst, Philadelphia, PA USA. RP Kuklo, TR (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Orthopaed & Rehabil, 6900 Georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM Timothy.Kuklo@na.amedd.army.mil NR 67 TC 15 Z9 16 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0362-2436 J9 SPINE JI SPINE PD APR 20 PY 2006 VL 31 IS 9 BP 1047 EP 1055 DI 10.1097/01.brs.0000214940.11096.c8 PG 9 WC Clinical Neurology; Orthopedics SC Neurosciences & Neurology; Orthopedics GA 036RU UT WOS:000237093600015 PM 16641783 ER PT J AU Schneider, NS Rivin, D AF Schneider, NS Rivin, D TI Solvent transport in hydrocarbon and perfluorocarbon ionomers SO POLYMER LA English DT Article DE Nafion; sulfonated triblock polymers; solvent transport properties ID NAFION MEMBRANE; SELF-DIFFUSION; PERFLUOROSULFONATE IONOMER; EXCHANGE MEMBRANE; WATER; PERMEATION; POLYMERS; ELECTRON; CATIONS; NMR AB Transport behavior of a sulfonated triblock ionomer with a copolymer midblock of styrene and hydrogenated butadiene, Dais analytic (DA) is compared with Nation (TM) (DuPont) using water, methanol, dimethyl methylphosphonate (DMMP), and dichlorohexane (DCH). Water solubility in Nafion is lower than that of DA, but the diffusion constant is an order of magnitude higher, indicating essentially unimpeded ionic pathways in Nafion. Differences in the properties or environment of the sulfonic acid groups are evident in the solubility of water and methanol, which are both much lower in the Cs than Ca form of Nation, but comparable in the salt forms of DA. Water isotherms for DA and several uncrosslinked, sulfonated triblocks can be superimposed on the isotherm for Nation by vertical scaling factors that represent the saturation concentration for the unrelaxed structure of each triblock ionomer. Water diffusion in both DA and Nation is limited to ionic pathways and follows a free-volume relation. but the magnitude of the diffusion constant is determined by ionomer structure. High and nearly equal DMMP solubility in acid and salt forms is attributed mainly to solvation of the fluoroether interfacial region of Nation, whereas, in DA the high solubility is due primarily to acid-base interactions with the suffonate anion. Cation-modification has little effect on DMMP solubility but results in a dramatic reduction in DMMP diffusion constants. DMMP diffusion in DA and Nafion follow different diffusion pathways: fluoroether interfacial regions in Nation, but ionic regions in DA. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 USA, RDECOM, Natick Soldier Ctr, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Schneider, NS (reprint author), USA, RDECOM, Natick Soldier Ctr, Kanas St, Natick, MA 01760 USA. EM nathan.schneider1@us.army.mil NR 32 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 3 U2 16 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0032-3861 J9 POLYMER JI Polymer PD APR 19 PY 2006 VL 47 IS 9 BP 3119 EP 3131 DI 10.1016/j.polymer.2006.02.068 PG 13 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 045WO UT WOS:000237773600024 ER PT J AU Currier, JR Visawapoka, U Tovanabutra, S Mason, CJ Birx, DL McCutchan, FE Cox, JH AF Currier, JR Visawapoka, U Tovanabutra, S Mason, CJ Birx, DL McCutchan, FE Cox, JH TI CTL epitope distribution patterns in the Gag and Nef proteins of HIV-I from subtype A infected subjects in Kenya: Use of multiple peptide sets increases the detectable breadth of the CTL response SO BMC IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Article ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; T-CELL RESPONSES; VIRAL LOAD; IMMUNODOMINANT REGIONS; LYMPHOCYTE RESPONSES; HIV-1-SPECIFIC CTL; IMMUNE-RESPONSES; HLA; CD8; DIVERSITY AB Background: Subtype A is a major strain in the HIV-1 pandemic in eastern Europe, central Asia and in certain regions of east Africa, notably in rural Kenya. While considerable effort has been focused upon mapping and defining immunodominant CTL epitopes in HIV-1 subtype B and subtype C infections, few epitope mapping studies have focused upon subtype A. Results: We have used the IFN-gamma ELIspot assay and overlapping peptide pools to show that the pattern of CTL recognition of the Gag and Nef proteins in subtype A infection is similar to that seen in subtypes B and C. The p17 and p24 proteins of Gag and the central conserved region of Nef were targeted by CTL from HIV-I-infected Kenyans. Several epitope/HLA associations commonly seen in subtype B and C infection were also observed in subtype A infections. Notably, an immunodominant HLA-C restricted epitope (Gag 296-304; YL9) was observed, with 8/9 HLA-C(W)0304 subjects responding to this epitope. Screening the cohort with peptide sets representing subtypes A, C and D (the three most prevalent HIV-I subtypes in east Africa), revealed that peptide sets based upon an homologous subtype (either isolate or consensus) only marginally improved the capacity to detect CTL responses. While the different peptide sets detected a similar number of responses (particularly in the Gag protein), each set was capable of detecting unique responses not identified with the other peptide sets. Conclusion: Hence, screening with multiple peptide sets representing different sequences, and by extension different epitope variants, can increase the detectable breadth of the HIV-I-specific CTL response. Interpreting the true extent of cross-reactivity may be hampered by the use of 15-mer peptides at a single concentration and a lack of knowledge of the sequence that primed any given CTL response. Therefore, reagent choice and knowledge of the exact sequences that prime CTL responses will be important factors in experimentally defining cross-reactive CTL responses and their role in HIV-I disease pathogenesis and validating vaccines aimed at generating broadly cross-reactive CTL responses. C1 US Mil HIV Res Program, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Dept Enter Dis, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. RP Currier, JR (reprint author), US Mil HIV Res Program, Suite 200,13 Taft Court, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. EM jcurrier@hivresearch.org; stovanabutra@hivresearch.org; fmccutchan@hivresearch.org OI MASON, CARL/0000-0002-3676-2811 NR 46 TC 30 Z9 31 U1 0 U2 0 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA MIDDLESEX HOUSE, 34-42 CLEVELAND ST, LONDON W1T 4LB, ENGLAND SN 1471-2172 J9 BMC IMMUNOL JI BMC Immunol. PD APR 18 PY 2006 VL 7 AR 8 DI 10.1186/1471-2172-7-8 PG 17 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA 045JE UT WOS:000237737600001 PM 16620386 ER PT J AU Guo, X Liu, RX Shriver, CD Hu, H Liebman, MN AF Guo, X Liu, RX Shriver, CD Hu, H Liebman, MN TI Assessing semantic similarity measures for the characterization of human regulatory pathways SO BIOINFORMATICS LA English DT Article ID PROTEIN-PROTEIN INTERACTIONS; SACCHAROMYCES-CEREVISIAE; INTERACTION NETWORKS; GENE ONTOLOGY; GENOMIC DATA; ANNOTATION; SEQUENCE; DATABASE AB Motivation: Pathway modeling requires the integration of multiple data including prior knowledge. In this study, we quantitatively assess the application of Gene Ontology (GO)-derived similarity measures for the characterization of direct and indirect interactions within human regulatory pathways. The characterization would help the integration of prior pathway knowledge for the modeling. Results: Our analysis indicates information content-based measures outperform graph structure-based measures for stratifying protein interactions. Measures in terms of GO biological process and molecular function annotations can be used alone or together for the validation of protein interactions involved in the pathways. However, GO cellular component-derived measures may not have the ability to separate true positives from noise. Furthermore, we demonstrate that the functional similarity of proteins within known regulatory pathways decays rapidly as the path length between two proteins increases. Several logistic regression models are built to estimate the confidence of both direct and indirect interactions within a pathway, which may be used to score putative pathways inferred from a scaffold of molecular interactions. C1 Windber Res Inst, Windber, PA 15963 USA. GlaxoSmithKline Pharmaceut R&D, King Of Prussia, PA 19420 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Guo, X (reprint author), Windber Res Inst, Windber, PA 15963 USA. EM s.guo@wriwindber.org NR 27 TC 100 Z9 103 U1 0 U2 6 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1367-4803 J9 BIOINFORMATICS JI Bioinformatics PD APR 15 PY 2006 VL 22 IS 8 BP 967 EP 973 DI 10.1093/bioinformatics/btl042 PG 7 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Computer Science, Interdisciplinary Applications; Mathematical & Computational Biology; Statistics & Probability SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Computer Science; Mathematical & Computational Biology; Mathematics GA 030DG UT WOS:000236612900009 PM 16492685 ER PT J AU Blacksell, SD Newton, PN Bell, D Kelley, J Mammen, MP Vaughn, DW Wuthiekanun, V Sungkakum, A Nisalak, A Day, NPJ AF Blacksell, SD Newton, PN Bell, D Kelley, J Mammen, MP Vaughn, DW Wuthiekanun, V Sungkakum, A Nisalak, A Day, NPJ TI The comparative accuracy of 8 commercial rapid immunochromatographic assays for the diagnosis of acute dengue virus infection SO CLINICAL INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID LINKED-IMMUNOSORBENT-ASSAY; SEROLOGICAL DIAGNOSIS; HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER; IMMUNOGLOBULIN-M; CAPTURE ELISA; ANTIBODIES AB Background. The serological diagnosis of acute dengue virus infection relies on the detection of dengue-specific immunoglobulin M (IgM) antibodies. Immunochromatographic tests are rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) that can be performed at the bedside, but they have not been fully validated for diagnosis of dengue infection. Methods. More than 20 RDTs for diagnosis of acute dengue infection are commercially available. Of these, 8 were selected for evaluation of performance by use of characterized dengue and nondengue serum specimens, and results were compared with those of a previously published dengue IgM/IgG enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in conjunction with dengue virus serotyping by reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. Results. Assay sensitivities were low, ranging from 6.4% (95% confidence interval [CI], 4.0%-9.7%) to 65.3% (95% CI, 59.9%-70.5%), and specificities ranged from 69.1% (95% CI, 61.4%-76.0%) to 100% ( 95% CI, 97.8%-100%). Of the 8 tests, only 2 had sensitivities of > 50%, the level considered to be clinically useful, and, of these, 1 had relatively low specificity ( 69.1%). Samples collected early in the infection were less likely to test positive than those collected later. A thermal stability study demonstrated a loss in performance of some RDTs when they were stored at a high ambient temperature for 3 months. Conclusions. Users of RDTs for dengue should be aware that many of these tests have a diagnostic accuracy that falls well below the manufacturers' claims. If an acute specimen yields a negative result, a convalescent serum sample should be tested to confirm the result. No RDT adequately differentiated primary and secondary dengue infections, and the tests should not be used for this purpose. C1 Mahidol Univ, Fac Trop Med, Wellcome Trust Mahiol Univ Oxford Trop Med Progra, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. Univ Oxford, Nuffield Dept Clin Med, Ctr Clin Vaccinol & Trop Med, Churchill Hosp, Oxford, England. Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. Mahosot Hosp, Wellcome Trust Mahosot Hosp Oxford Trop Med Res C, Microbiol Lab, Viangchan, Laos. WHO, Reg Off Western Pacific, Manila, Philippines. USA, Mil Infect Dis Res Program, Med Res & Mat Command, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Blacksell, SD (reprint author), Mahidol Univ, Fac Trop Med, Wellcome Trust Mahiol Univ Oxford Trop Med Progra, 420-6 Rajvithi Rd, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. EM stuart@tropmedres.ac FU Wellcome Trust NR 18 TC 65 Z9 69 U1 0 U2 2 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 1058-4838 J9 CLIN INFECT DIS JI Clin. Infect. Dis. PD APR 15 PY 2006 VL 42 IS 8 BP 1127 EP 1134 DI 10.1086/501358 PG 8 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 023CC UT WOS:000236101800010 PM 16575730 ER PT J AU Edelstein, AS Fischer, GA Pedersen, M Nowak, ER Cheng, SF Nordman, CA AF Edelstein, AS Fischer, GA Pedersen, M Nowak, ER Cheng, SF Nordman, CA TI Progress toward a thousandfold reduction in 1/f noise in magnetic sensors using an ac microelectromechanical system flux concentrator (invited) SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS LA English DT Article ID SPIN-VALVE SENSORS; ROOM-TEMPERATURE; TUNNEL-JUNCTIONS; MAGNETORESISTANCE; FLUCTUATIONS; FILM AB The potential advantage of some magnetic sensors having a large response is greatly decreased because of the 1/f noise. We are developing a device, the microelectromechanical system (MEMS) flux concentrator, that will mitigate the effect of this 1/f noise. It does this by placing flux concentrators on MEMS structures that oscillate at kilohertz frequencies. By shifting the operating frequency, the 1/f noise will be reduced by one to three orders of magnitude depending upon the sensor and the desired operating frequency. We have succeeded in fabricating the necessary MEMS structures and observing the desired kilohertz normal-mode resonant frequencies. Only microwatts are required to drive the motion. We have used spin valves for our magnetic sensors. The measured field enhancement provided by the flux concentrators agrees to within 4% with the value estimated from finite element calculations. No difference was detected in noise measurements on spin valves with and without the flux concentrators. This result provides strong evidence for the validity of our device concept. Solutions to the sole remaining fabrication problem will be discussed. (C) 2006 American Institute of Physics. C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. MEMS Exchange, Reston, VA 20191 USA. Univ Delaware, Dept Phys, Newark, DE 19716 USA. USN, Res Lab, Washington, DC 20375 USA. NVE Corp, Eden Prairie, MN 55344 USA. RP Edelstein, AS (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM edelstein@arl.army.mil NR 20 TC 42 Z9 43 U1 2 U2 11 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0021-8979 J9 J APPL PHYS JI J. Appl. Phys. PD APR 15 PY 2006 VL 99 IS 8 AR 08B317 DI 10.1063/1.2170067 PG 6 WC Physics, Applied SC Physics GA 040TV UT WOS:000237404200111 ER PT J AU Burgess, EB AF Burgess, EB TI The great starvation experiment: The heroic men who starved so that millions could live. SO LIBRARY JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review C1 USA, Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. RP Burgess, EB (reprint author), USA, Combined Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU BOWKER MAGAZINE GROUP CAHNERS MAGAZINE DIVISION PI NEW YORK PA 249 W 17TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0363-0277 J9 LIBR J JI Libr. J. PD APR 15 PY 2006 VL 131 IS 7 BP 91 EP 91 PG 1 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA 034CP UT WOS:000236902700161 ER PT J AU Ru, QHC Zhu, LWA Katenhusen, RA Silberman, J Brzeski, H Liebman, M Shriver, CD AF Ru, QHC Zhu, LWA Katenhusen, RA Silberman, J Brzeski, H Liebman, M Shriver, CD TI Exploring human plasma proteome strategies: High efficiency in-solution digestion protocol for multi-dimensional protein identification technology SO JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 18th International Symposium on MicroScale Bioseparation (MSB 2005) CY FEB 12-17, 2005 CL New Orleans, LA DE human plasma proteome; in-solution digestion; multi-dimensional protein identification technology; human plasma; clinical proteomics ID MASS-SPECTROMETRY AB Multi-dimensional protein identification technology (MudPIT) is becoming a prevalent proteomic approach due to its high-throughput separations and accurate mass detection. Prior to MudPIT analysis, complicated samples required in-solution digestion. Unlike in-gel digestion, in which enzymes work on just a few proteins, in-solution digestion involves simultaneous digestion of hundreds or thousands of proteins. In-solution digestion protocols must therefore be very efficient. Few investigations have evaluated the efficiency of in-solution digestion protocols. The present research compared three such protocols. Results suggest that a protocol utilizing trifluoroethanol (TFE) as denaturant is most efficient. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Windber Res Inst, Windber, PA 15963 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Ru, QHC (reprint author), Windber Res Inst, 600 Somerset Ave, Windber, PA 15963 USA. EM c.ru@wriwindber.org NR 9 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 6 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0021-9673 J9 J CHROMATOGR A JI J. Chromatogr. A PD APR 14 PY 2006 VL 1111 IS 2 BP 175 EP 191 DI 10.1016/j.chroma.2005.06.080 PG 17 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Chemistry, Analytical SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Chemistry GA 030TA UT WOS:000236656300011 PM 16569577 ER PT J AU Fan, C Li, HQ Kecskes, LJ Tao, KX Choo, H Liaw, PK Liu, CT AF Fan, C Li, HQ Kecskes, LJ Tao, KX Choo, H Liaw, PK Liu, CT TI Mechanical behavior of bulk amorphous alloys reinforced by ductile particles at cryogenic temperatures SO PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS LA English DT Article ID METALLIC GLASSES; NANOCRYSTALLINE COMPOSITES; SHEAR BANDS; MICROSTRUCTURE; PLASTICITY; COMPOUND AB The mechanical behavior of Zr-based bulk amorphous alloy composites (BAACs) was investigated at 77 K. The 5 vol. % Ta-BAAC maintained large plastic strains of similar to 13% with a 16% strength increase, when compared with that at 298 K. The interaction between shear bands and particles shows that shear extension in particles has limited penetration, and shear bands build up around particles. In addition to on the failure surface of the amorphous matrix, molten characteristics were also found on the surface of sheared particles. Pair distribution function studies were performed to understand the mechanical behavior. C1 Univ Tennessee, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Knoxville, TN 37923 USA. USA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Fan, C (reprint author), Univ Tennessee, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Knoxville, TN 37923 USA. RI Li, Hongqi/B-6993-2008; Choo, Hahn/A-5494-2009; Kecskes, Laszlo/F-6880-2014 OI Choo, Hahn/0000-0002-8006-8907; Kecskes, Laszlo/0000-0002-1342-3729 NR 23 TC 69 Z9 71 U1 1 U2 24 PU AMER PHYSICAL SOC PI COLLEGE PK PA ONE PHYSICS ELLIPSE, COLLEGE PK, MD 20740-3844 USA SN 0031-9007 EI 1079-7114 J9 PHYS REV LETT JI Phys. Rev. Lett. PD APR 14 PY 2006 VL 96 IS 14 AR 145506 DI 10.1103/PhysRevLett.96.145506 PG 4 WC Physics, Multidisciplinary SC Physics GA 032TI UT WOS:000236797200043 PM 16712094 ER PT J AU Kari, K Liu, W Gautama, K Mammen, MP Clemens, JD Nisalak, A Subrata, K Kim, HK Xu, ZY AF Kari, Komang Liu, Wei Gautama, Kompiang Mammen, Mammen P., Jr. Clemens, John D. Nisalak, Ananda Subrata, Ketut Kim, Hyei Kyung Xu, Zhi-Yi TI A hospital-based surveillance for Japanese encephalitis in Bali, Indonesia SO BMC MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID VIRUS IMMUNOGLOBULIN-M; CEREBROSPINAL-FLUID; CHIANGMAI VALLEY; EPIDEMIOLOGY; INFECTIONS; ANTIBODIES; PROSPECTS; THAILAND; HOLIDAY; CHINA AB Background: Japanese encephalitis (JE) is presumed to be endemic throughout Asia, yet only a few cases have been reported in tropical Asian countries such as Indonesia, Malaysia and the Philippines. To estimate the true disease burden due to JE in this region, we conducted a prospective, hospital-based surveillance with a catchment population of 599,120 children less than 12 years of age in Bali, Indonesia, from July 2001 through December 2003. Methods: Balinese children presenting to any health care facility with acute viral encephalitis or aseptic meningitis were enrolled. A "confirmed" diagnosis of JE required the detection of JE virus (JEV)-specific IgM in cerebrospinal fluid, whereas a diagnosis of "probable JE" was assigned to those cases in which JEV-specific IgM was detected only in serum. Results: In all, 86 confirmed and 4 probable JE cases were identified. The annualized JE incidence rate was 7.1 and adjusted to 8.2 per 100,000 for children less than 10 years of age over the 2.5 consecutive years of study. Only one JE case was found among 96,920 children 10-11 years old (0.4 per 100,000). Nine children (10%) died and 33 (37%) of the survivors had neurological sequelae at discharge. JEV was transmitted in Bali year-round with 70% of cases in the rainy season. Conclusion: JE incidence and case-fatality rates in Bali were comparable to those of other JE endemic countries of Asia. Our findings contradict the common wisdom that JE is rare in tropical Asia. Hence, the geographical range of endemic JE is broader than previously described. The results of the study support the need to introduce JE vaccination into Bali. C1 Int Vaccine Inst, Seoul, South Korea. Udayana Univ, Sch Med, Dept Pediat, Bali, Indonesia. Sanglah Hosp, Dept Pediat, Bali, Indonesia. Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Dept Virol, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Bali, Indonesia. RP Xu, ZY (reprint author), Int Vaccine Inst, Seoul, South Korea. EM Komang_Kari@yahoo.com; wliu@ivi.int; komgautama@yahoo.com; mammen.mammen@afrims.org; jclemens@ivi.int; AnandaN@afrims.org; brata02@yahoo.com; hkim@ivi.int; xuzhiyi@ivi.int NR 35 TC 38 Z9 40 U1 0 U2 2 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA MIDDLESEX HOUSE, 34-42 CLEVELAND ST, LONDON W1T 4LB, ENGLAND SN 1741-7015 J9 BMC MED JI BMC Med. PD APR 7 PY 2006 VL 4 AR 8 DI 10.1186/1741-7015-4-8 PG 7 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 145MS UT WOS:000244869800001 PM 16603053 ER PT J AU Russell, KL Hawksworth, AW Ryan, MAK Strickler, J Irvine, M Hansen, CJ Gray, GC Gaydos, JC AF Russell, KL Hawksworth, AW Ryan, MAK Strickler, J Irvine, M Hansen, CJ Gray, GC Gaydos, JC TI Vaccine-preventable adenoviral respiratory illness in US military recruits, 1999-2004 SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE adenovirus vaccine; military recruits; respiratory illness rates; adenovirus respiratory illness ID MARINE CORPS PERSONNEL; NAVAL RECRUITS; COST-EFFECTIVENESS; TYPE-4 INFECTION; DISEASE; PNEUMONIA; LIVE; TRAINEES; POPULATIONS; PATTERNS AB Background and Methods: The high burden of respiratory infections in military populations is well documented throughout history. The primary pathogen responsible for morbidity among US recruits in training was shown to be adenovirus. Highly efficacious oral vaccines were used for 25 years, but vaccine production ceased in 1996, and available stores were depleted by early 1999. Surveillance for acute febrile respiratory illness was performed at eight military recruit training sites throughout the United States from July 1999 through June 2004 to document rates after loss of the vaccines. Laboratory diagnoses complimented the surveillance efforts. Results: Over the 5 years, nearly 12 million person-weeks were followed and an estimated 110,172 febrile respiratory illness cases and 73,748 adenovirus cases were identified. Rates of illness were highest at the Navy and Air Force training centers, with average annual rates of 1.20 and 1.35 cases per 100 recruit-weeks, respectively. Adenoviral-associated illness rates peaked in weeks 3-5 of training, depending upon service. Conclusions: The burden of adenoviral illness among US recruit populations has returned to high levels since loss of the vaccines. Restoration of an effective adenovirus vaccine effort within the military is anticipated by 2008, potentially reducing the adenovirus morbidity suffered in this vulnerable population. Efforts to determine the burden of adenovirus and potential benefits of vaccination in civilian populations are being renewed. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 USN, Hlth Res Ctr, Dept Def, Ctr Depolyment Hlth Res, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. Univ Iowa, Coll Publ Hlth, Ctr Emerging Infect Dis, Dept Epidemiol, Iowa City, IA 52242 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, DoD GEIS, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Russell, KL (reprint author), USN, Hlth Res Ctr, Dept Def, Ctr Depolyment Hlth Res, POB 85122, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. EM russell@nhrc.navy.mil RI Valle, Ruben/A-7512-2013 FU NIAID NIH HHS [R01 AI053034, R01 AI053034-02] NR 59 TC 76 Z9 79 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD APR 5 PY 2006 VL 24 IS 15 BP 2835 EP 2842 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2005.12.062 PG 8 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 034LY UT WOS:000236931700017 PM 16480793 ER PT J AU Hepburn, MJ Kortepeter, MG Pittman, PR Boudreau, EF Mangiafico, JA Buck, PA Norris, SL Anderson, EL AF Hepburn, MJ Kortepeter, MG Pittman, PR Boudreau, EF Mangiafico, JA Buck, PA Norris, SL Anderson, EL TI Neutralizing antibody response to booster vaccination with the 17d yellow fever vaccine SO VACCINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the Infectious-Diseases-Society-of-America CY OCT 31-NOV 02, 2004 CL Boston, MA SP Infectious Dis Soc Amer DE yellow fever vaccine; booster; neutralizing antibody ID ARTHROPOD-BORNE VIRUSES; MEASLES ANTIBODY; STRAIN 17D; REVACCINATION; PERSISTENCE; INFECTION; SAFETY; RACE; LIVE AB A retrospective review was conducted of yellow fever vaccination among laboratory workers receiving annual serologic assessment to determine the initial and long-term response after boosting. Patients were divided into three groups based on pre-vaccination serology: Group 1,1: 10: Group 2, 1:20-1:40 and Group 3, > 1:40. The percent with >= four-fold increase in titers after booster vaccination were: 78% (646/829, Group 1), 65% (79/12 1, Group 2) and 10% (8/79, Group 3) (p < 0.0001). The median times to titer failure (< 1:40) were 798 days (Group 1), 3340 days (Group 2) and 7709 days (Group 3) (p < 0.0001). Pre-vaccination serology influenced the initial and long-term response to yellow fever booster vaccination. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 USA, Div Med, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Hepburn, MJ (reprint author), PSC 821,Box 84, FPO, AE 09421 USA. EM matthew.hepburn@amedd.army.mil NR 26 TC 20 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD APR 5 PY 2006 VL 24 IS 15 BP 2843 EP 2849 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2005.12.055 PG 7 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 034LY UT WOS:000236931700018 PM 16494976 ER PT J AU Dunachie, SJ Walther, M Vuola, JM Webster, DP Keating, SM Berthoud, T Andrews, L Bejon, P Poulton, I Butcher, G Watkins, K Sinden, RE Leach, A Moris, P Tornieporth, N Schneider, J Dubovsky, F Tierney, E Williams, J Heppner, DG Gilbert, SC Cohen, J Hill, AVS AF Dunachie, SJ Walther, M Vuola, JM Webster, DP Keating, SM Berthoud, T Andrews, L Bejon, P Poulton, I Butcher, G Watkins, K Sinden, RE Leach, A Moris, P Tornieporth, N Schneider, J Dubovsky, F Tierney, E Williams, J Heppner, DG Gilbert, SC Cohen, J Hill, AVS TI A clinical trial of prime-boost immunisation with the candidate malaria vaccines RTS,S/AS02A and MVA-CS SO VACCINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene CY DEC, 2003 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Amer Soc Tropical Med Hygiene DE T cells; malaria; clinical trial ID PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM MALARIA; CD4(+) T-CELL; CIRCUMSPOROZOITE PROTEIN VACCINE; RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIAL; POLYMERASE-CHAIN-REACTION; VIRUS ANKARA; PROTECTIVE IMMUNITY; DNA VACCINES; PLASMID DNA; EFFICACY AB Heterologous prime-boost immunisation with RTS,S/AS02A and the poxvirus MVA-CS was evaluated in 18 healthy malaria-naive subjects in Oxford. Both priming with RTS,S and boosting MVA-CS, and the reverse, were found to be safe and well tolerated. T cell responses as measured by IFN-gamma ex vivo ELISPOT were induced, but the responses were low to moderate in both groups, with heterologous boosting yielding only small increments in T cell immunogenicity and no increased antibody response. Protection against 3D7 Plasmodium falciparum sporozoite challenge 4 weeks after the final vaccination was equal for both regimens at 33% (95% C.I. 4.3-77.7%), with one subject remaining fully protected on rechallenge at 5 months. (c) 2006 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Oxford, Ctr Clin Vaccinol & Trop Med, Nuffield Dept Med, Churchill Hosp, Oxford OX3 7LJ, England. Univ London Imperial Coll Sci & Technol, London, England. GlaxoSmithKline Biol, Rixensart, Belgium. Oxxon Therapeut, Oxford, England. PATH Malaria Vaccine Initiat, Bethesda, MD USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Malaria Vaccine Program, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP Dunachie, SJ (reprint author), Univ Oxford, Ctr Clin Vaccinol & Trop Med, Nuffield Dept Med, Churchill Hosp, S Parks Rd, Oxford OX3 7LJ, England. EM susie.dunachie@ndm.ox.ac.uk RI HILL, Adrian/C-1306-2008; Keating, Sheila/B-1652-2013; OI Gilbert, Sarah/0000-0002-6823-9750; Keating, Sheila/0000-0002-8324-3694 FU Medical Research Council [G84/6323]; Wellcome Trust NR 34 TC 64 Z9 64 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD APR 5 PY 2006 VL 24 IS 15 BP 2850 EP 2859 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2005.12.041 PG 10 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 034LY UT WOS:000236931700019 PM 16434127 ER PT J AU Wang, DH Schmaljohn, AL Raja, NU Trubey, CM Juompan, LY Luo, M Deitz, SB Yu, H Woraratanadharm, J Holman, DH Moore, KM Swain, BM Pratt, WD Dong, JY AF Wang, DH Schmaljohn, AL Raja, NU Trubey, CM Juompan, LY Luo, M Deitz, SB Yu, H Woraratanadharm, J Holman, DH Moore, KM Swain, BM Pratt, WD Dong, JY TI De novo syntheses of Marburg virus antigens from adenovirus vectors induce potent humoral and cellular immune responses SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE Marburg virus; vaccine; adenovirus; cAdVax; Ci67; Ravn; Musoke ID PROTECT GUINEA-PIGS; NONHUMAN-PRIMATES; PARTICLES PROTECT; STABLE ANGINA; GENE-TRANSFER; VACCINES; SAFETY; TRIAL; EBOLA; GLYCOPROTEIN AB Marburg virus (MARV) is an African filovirus that causes a deadly hemorrhagic fever in humans, with up to 90% mortality. Currently, there are no MARV vaccines or therapies approved for human use. We hypothesized that developing a vaccine that induces a de novo synthesis of MARV antigens in vivo will lead to strong induction of both a humoral and cell-mediated immune response against MARV. Here, we develop and characterize three novel gene-based vaccine candidates which express the viral glycoprotein (GP) from either the Ci67, Ravn or Musoke strain of MARV. Immunization of mice with complex adenovirus (Ad)-based vaccine candidates (cAdVax vaccines), led to efficient production of both antibodies and cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) specific to Musoke strain GP and Ci67 strain GP, respectively. Antibody responses were also shown to be cross-reactive across the MARV strains, but not cross-reactive to Ebola virus, a related filovirus. Additionally, three 1 x 10(8) pfu doses of vaccine vector were demonstrated to be safe in mice, as this did not lead to any detectable toxicity in liver or spleen. These promising results indicate that a cAdVax-based vaccine could be effective for induction of both Immoral and cell-mediated immune responses to multiple strains of the Marburg virus. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 GenPhar Inc, Div Biodef Vaccines, Mt Pleasant, SC 29464 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Div Virol, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. Med Univ S Carolina, Dept Microbiol & Immunol, Charleston, SC 29403 USA. RP Dong, JY (reprint author), GenPhar Inc, Div Biodef Vaccines, 871 Lowcountry Blvd, Mt Pleasant, SC 29464 USA. EM dongj@genphar.com NR 28 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD APR 5 PY 2006 VL 24 IS 15 BP 2975 EP 2986 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2005.11.046 PG 12 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 034LY UT WOS:000236931700032 PM 16530297 ER PT J AU Ockenhouse, CF Angov, E Kester, KE Diggs, C Soisson, L Cummings, JF Stewart, AV Palmer, DR Mahajan, B Krzych, U Tornieporth, N Delchambre, M Vanhandenhove, M Ofori-Anyinam, O Cohen, J Lyon, JA Heppner, DG AF Ockenhouse, CF Angov, E Kester, KE Diggs, C Soisson, L Cummings, JF Stewart, AV Palmer, DR Mahajan, B Krzych, U Tornieporth, N Delchambre, M Vanhandenhove, M Ofori-Anyinam, O Cohen, J Lyon, JA Heppner, DG CA MSP 1 Working Grp TI Phase I safety and immunogenicity trial of FMP1/AS02A, a Plasmodium falciparum MSP-1 asexual blood stage vaccine SO VACCINE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 51st Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Tropical-Medicine-and-Hygiene CY NOV 10-14, 2002 CL DENVER, CO SP Amer Soc Trop Med & Hyg DE malaria; vaccine; merozoite surface protein 1; FMP1/AS02A ID MEROZOITE SURFACE PROTEIN-1; PROTECTS AOTUS MONKEYS; C-TERMINAL FRAGMENT; MALARIA VACCINE; MONOCLONAL-ANTIBODY; PASSIVE-IMMUNIZATION; CLINICAL IMMUNITY; EFFICACY; ANTIGEN; PARASITE AB We report the first safety and immunogenicity trial of the Plasmodium falciparum malaria blood stage vaccine candidate, FMP1/AS02A consisting of the FMP1 antigen, an Escherichia coli-expressed His-tagged fusion protein from the 42 kDa C-terminal fragment from the 3D7 clone of the merozoite surface protein 1 formulated in the AS02A adjuvant. An open label, prospective, single-center Phase 1 dose escalation trial of FMP1/AS02A was conducted in 15 adult malaria-naive human volunteers to assess safety, reactogenicity, and immunogenicity. The vaccine was safe and well-tolerated and no serious adverse events were observed. The vaccine induced high-titer ELISA and IFA responses in all volunteers. Proliferative and ELISPOT responses were induced to vaccine antigen. Biologically active antibodies were induced as measured by GIA. This study establishes the foundation to further evaluate and measure the vaccine's ability to reduce morbidity and mortality in target populations directly affected by P. falciparum malaria. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Immunol, Silver Spring, MD USA. US Agcy Int Dev, Washington, DC 20523 USA. GlaxoSmithKline Biol, Rixensart, Belgium. RP Ockenhouse, CF (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Immunol, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD USA. EM chris.ockenhouse@na.amedd.army.mil RI Kester, Kent/A-2114-2011 OI Kester, Kent/0000-0002-5056-0802 NR 41 TC 72 Z9 73 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD APR 5 PY 2006 VL 24 IS 15 BP 3009 EP 3017 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2005.11.028 PG 9 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 034LY UT WOS:000236931700036 PM 16356603 ER PT J AU Kfoury, GA Chalhoub, NG Henein, NA Bryzik, W AF Kfoury, GA Chalhoub, NG Henein, NA Bryzik, W TI Enhancement of the accuracy of the (P-omega) method through the implementation of a nonlinear robust observer SO JOURNAL OF SOUND AND VIBRATION LA English DT Article ID ENGINE FRICTION TORQUE AB The (P-omega) method is a model-based approach developed for determining the instantaneous friction torque in internal combustion engines. This scheme requires measurements of the cylinder gas pressure, the engine load torque, the crankshaft angular displacement and its time derivatives. The effects of the higher order dynamics of the crank-slider mechanism on the measured angular motion of the crankshaft have caused the (P-omega) method to yield erroneous results, especially, at high engine speeds. To alleviate this problem, a nonlinear sliding mode observer has been developed herein to accurately estimate the rigid and flexible motions of the piston-assembly/connecting-rod/crankshaft mechanism of a single cylinder engine. The observer has been designed to yield a robust performance in the presence of disturbances and modeling imprecision. The digital simulation results, generated under transient conditions representing a decrease in the engine speed, have illustrated the rapid convergence of the estimated state variables to the actual ones in the presence of both structured and unstructured uncertainties. Moreover, this study has proven that the use of the estimated rather than the measured angular displacement of the crankshaft and its time derivatives can significantly improve the accuracy of the (P-omega) method in determining the instantaneous engine friction torque. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 Wayne State Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Detroit, MI 48202 USA. USA, Tank Automot RDE Ctr, AMSTAR, Warren, MI 48397 USA. RP Chalhoub, NG (reprint author), Wayne State Univ, Dept Mech Engn, Detroit, MI 48202 USA. EM nchalhoub@eng.wayne.edu NR 21 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS LTD ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI LONDON PA 24-28 OVAL RD, LONDON NW1 7DX, ENGLAND SN 0022-460X J9 J SOUND VIB JI J. Sound Vibr. PD APR 4 PY 2006 VL 291 IS 3-5 BP 1080 EP 1103 DI 10.1016/j.jsv.2005.07.029 PG 24 WC Acoustics; Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Acoustics; Engineering; Mechanics GA 019XS UT WOS:000235872300029 ER PT J AU Waitayakul, A Somsri, S Sattabongkot, J Looareesuwan, S Cui, LW Udomsangpetch, R AF Waitayakul, A Somsri, S Sattabongkot, J Looareesuwan, S Cui, LW Udomsangpetch, R TI Natural human humoral response to salivary gland proteins of Anopheles mosquitoes in Thailand SO ACTA TROPICA LA English DT Article DE Anopheles salivary proteins; anti-malaria antibodies; anti-mosquito antibodies ID AEDES-AEGYPTI; PLASMODIUM-FALCIPARUM; WORLDWIDE DISTRIBUTION; IMMUNOBLOT ANALYSIS; STEPHENSI MOSQUITO; MALARIA PARASITES; WESTERN THAILAND; IGE RESPONSES; VIVAX MALARIA; ANTIBODIES AB During blood feeding, arthropod vectors inject saliva into vertebrate hosts. The saliva is biochemically complex and pharmacologically active, and may play an important role in pathogen transmission. To examine whether mosquito saliva could elicit humoral immune response in humans under natural conditions, we have collected sera from malaria patients, healthy villagers, and people from a non-malarious region in Thailand. Here we have demonstrated that anti-Anopheles salivary protein antibodies occurred predominantly in patients with acute Plasmodium falciparum or P vivax malaria, whereas people from a non-malarious area had no such antibodies. Besides, antibody levels against mosquito salivary proteins in malaria patients were highly variable, which may be related to the levels of mosquito exposure. Despite variability, patients' sera with high IgG titers consistently detected several proteins in Anopheles dirus salivary gland protein extracts. Immunohistochemical staining of Anopheles salivary glands with human sera showed that the salivary gland-specific IgGs reacted strongly with the median lobe. Comparison using Anopheles and Aedes salivary proteins suggests that the anti-salivary protein antibodies detected in malaria patients were Anopheles-specific, consistent with the major malaria vector status of An. dirus in this area. (c) 2006 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Mahidol Univ, Fac Med Technol, Dept Parasitol, Salaya, Nakhonpathom, Thailand. Mahidol Univ, Fac Sci, Dept Pathobiol, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Dept Entomol, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. Mahidol Univ, Fac Trop Med, Dept Clin Trop Med, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. Penn State Univ, Dept Entomol, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. RP Udomsangpetch, R (reprint author), Mahidol Univ, Fac Med Technol, Dept Parasitol, Salaya, Nakhonpathom, Thailand. EM Luc2@psu.edu; scrud@mahidol.ac.th FU FIC NIH HHS [D43 TW006571] NR 46 TC 50 Z9 52 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0001-706X EI 1873-6254 J9 ACTA TROP JI Acta Trop. PD APR PY 2006 VL 98 IS 1 BP 66 EP 73 DI 10.1016/j.actatropica.2006.02.004 PG 8 WC Parasitology; Tropical Medicine SC Parasitology; Tropical Medicine GA 035OH UT WOS:000237010400009 PM 16530153 ER PT J AU Bray, DW Green, BP AF Bray, DW Green, BP TI "Wood-grain" skin SO AMERICAN FAMILY PHYSICIAN LA English DT Editorial Material ID ERYTHEMA-GYRATUM-REPENS; DERMATOSIS; ERUPTION C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Philadelphia Coll Osteopath Med, Philadelphia, PA USA. RP Bray, DW (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ACAD FAMILY PHYSICIANS PI KANSAS CITY PA 8880 WARD PARKWAY, KANSAS CITY, MO 64114-2797 USA SN 0002-838X J9 AM FAM PHYSICIAN JI Am. Fam. Physician PD APR 1 PY 2006 VL 73 IS 7 BP 1249 EP 1251 PG 3 WC Primary Health Care; Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 030MY UT WOS:000236640000015 PM 16623214 ER PT J AU Wong, CRKH AF Wong, CRKH TI Achalasia: Should we or should we not follow the bag? SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material ID PNEUMATIC DILATION; DILATATION AB This article concerns the long-term therapeutic effect of pneumatic dilations (PDs) in achalasia. Specifically, it is a retrospective study that follows a large cohort of achalasia patients treated with PD. Efficacy and need for repeat PDs were determined utilizing a score obtained from measuring symptoms after PD. After PDs that resulted in symptomatic improvement, patients were followed at 6-month intervals to determine the need for repeat PD. The major point of this article is that exacerbations of symptoms may occur in 35% of patients undergoing PD; however, follow-up at specific intervals using a symptom score to determine the need for repeat PD resulted In excellent long-term success. This article emphasizes the need for continued follow-up of achalasla patients following initial successful therapy. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Gastroenterol Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Wong, CRKH (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Gastroenterol Serv, Bldg 2,7F,6900 Georgia Ave, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 15 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0002-9270 J9 AM J GASTROENTEROL JI Am. J. Gastroenterol. PD APR PY 2006 VL 101 IS 4 BP 698 EP 700 DI 10.1111/j.1572-0241.2006.00581.x PG 3 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 030WT UT WOS:000236666800005 ER PT J AU Abbott, KC Bohen, EM Yuan, CM Yeo, FE Sawyers, ES Perkins, RM Lentine, KL Oliver, DK Galey, J Sebastianelli, ME Scally, JP Taylor, AJ Boal, TR AF Abbott, KC Bohen, EM Yuan, CM Yeo, FE Sawyers, ES Perkins, RM Lentine, KL Oliver, DK Galey, J Sebastianelli, ME Scally, JP Taylor, AJ Boal, TR TI Use of beta-blockers and aspirin after myocardial infarction by patient renal function in the Department of Defense health care system SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF KIDNEY DISEASES LA English DT Article DE myocardial infarction; aspirin; beta-blockers; creatinine; coronary care unit ID ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROMES; CHRONIC KIDNEY-DISEASE; ARTERY-DISEASE; RISK-FACTOR; INSUFFICIENCY; OUTCOMES; FAILURE; TRANSPLANTATION; ASSOCIATION; DYSFUNCTION AB Background Whether the previously reported underutilization of standard-of-care medications in the management of patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) persists in more recent years or differs by ward of admission has not been reported. Methods: We performed a retrospective cross-sectional study of patients hospitalized with a discharge diagnosis of incident AMI to a Department of Defense hospital (Walter Reed Army Medical Center, Washington, DC) from 2001 through 2004. Use of beta-blockers and aspirin at the time of discharge after AMI was assessed according to Modification of Diet In Renal Disease (MDRD) estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) in milliliters per minute per 1.73 m(2), stratified by admission to the coronary care unit (CCU) versus other wards. Adjusted odds ratios for discharge beta-blocker and aspirin therapy were calculated by using logistic regression. Results: Among 431 patients, overall discharge use of beta-blockers was 86.8%, and aspirin, 86.8%, both significantly greater after CCU admission than admission to other wards (93%, aspirin use; 91.7%, beta-blocker use; P < 0.001 and P < 0.001). In logistic regression, CCU admission was the only independent factor associated with either P-blocker or aspirin use; MDRD eGFR was not associated significantly with beta-blocker and aspirin use regardless of admission to the CCU or non-CCU. Conclusion: Future studies of disparities in use of standard-of-care medications after AMI according to renal function should account for the primary site of admission, particularly CCU versus others. In addition, legitimate contraindications to the use of beta-blockers and aspirin may be subtle, including appropriate end-of-life decisions. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Nephrol, Clin Informat Syst, Serv Cardiol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Telemed Directorate, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Serv Nephrol, Bethesda, MD USA. RP Abbott, KC (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Nephrol, Clin Informat Syst, Serv Cardiol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM kevin.abbott@na.amedd.army.mil OI Abbott, Kevin/0000-0003-2111-7112 NR 20 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 1 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0272-6386 J9 AM J KIDNEY DIS JI Am. J. Kidney Dis. PD APR PY 2006 VL 47 IS 4 BP 593 EP 603 DI 10.1053/j.ajkd.2006.01.006 PG 11 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 032EK UT WOS:000236756500004 PM 16564937 ER PT J AU Hartzell, JD Aronson, NE Nagaraja, S Whitman, T Hawkes, CA Wortmann, G AF Hartzell, JD Aronson, NE Nagaraja, S Whitman, T Hawkes, CA Wortmann, G TI Varicella zoster virus meningitis complicating sodium stibogluconate treatment for cutaneous Leishmaniasis SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID HERPES-ZOSTER; ASEPTIC-MENINGITIS; US MILITARY AB Sodium stibogluconate (Pentostam((R)); GlaxoSmithKline) is a pentavalent antimonial compound used in the treatment of leishmaniasis, which has an association with reactivation of varicella zoster virus (VZV). We report the first known case of an immunocompetent adult who developed VZV aseptic meningitis and dermatomal herpes zoster during treatment with sodium stibogluconate.. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Internal Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Neurol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Div Infect Dis, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Infect Dis Serv, Bethesda, MD USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Infect Dis Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Hartzell, JD (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Internal Med, 2JO5,690 Georgia Ave,NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM Joshua.hartzell@na.amedd.army.mil NR 10 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD APR PY 2006 VL 74 IS 4 BP 591 EP 592 PG 2 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 032BZ UT WOS:000236750200017 PM 16606989 ER PT J AU Sanchez, GI Bautista, CT Eyzaguirre, L Carrion, G Arias, S Sateren, WB Negrete, M Montano, SM Sanchez, JL Carr, JK AF Sanchez, GI Bautista, CT Eyzaguirre, L Carrion, G Arias, S Sateren, WB Negrete, M Montano, SM Sanchez, JL Carr, JK TI Short report: Molecular epidemiology of human immunodeficiency virus-infected individuals in Medellin, Colombia SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID SOUTH-AMERICA; RISK-FACTORS; HIV-1; SEQUENCES; SPREAD; TYPE-1; RECOMBINANTS; DIVERSITY; ARGENTINA; BRAZIL AB To study the molecular epidemiology of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) strains in Medellin, Colombia, 115 HIV-1-positive individuals who were recruited from an HIV outpatient hospital (Universitario San Vicente de Paul) during the period from July 2001 to January 2002 were genotyped. All samples were analyzed by envelope heteroduplex mobility assay and found to be subtype B. Twenty-four samples were randomly selected for sequencing of the protease and the reverse transcriptase regions; all isolates were found to be subtype B. Phylogenetic analysis of seven nearly full-length genomes showed that all samples were subtype B. This study shows that the HIV epidemic in Colombia continues to be dominated by the subtype B virus. The predominance of subtype B genotypes of HIV-1 strains in Medellin resembles what is seen in the nearby countries of Peru, Ecuador, and Venezuela. C1 US Mil Acad, HIV Res Program, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. Henry M Jackson Fdn Adv Mil Med Inc, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. Univ Antioquia, Fac Med, Grp Infecc & Canc, Medellin, Colombia. Hosp Univ Vicente Paul, Secc Enfermedades Infecc, Dept Med Interna, Medellin, Colombia. USN, Med Res Ctr Detachment, Lima, Peru. RP Carr, JK (reprint author), US Mil Acad, HIV Res Program, Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. EM jcarr@hivresearch.org RI Bautista, Christian/B-2812-2011; OI Sanchez, Gloria Ines/0000-0001-5992-0475 NR 20 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD APR PY 2006 VL 74 IS 4 BP 674 EP 677 PG 4 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 032BZ UT WOS:000236750200032 PM 16607004 ER PT J AU Koenraadt, CJM Tuiten, W Sithiprasasna, R Kijchalao, U Jones, JW Scott, TW AF Koenraadt, CJM Tuiten, W Sithiprasasna, R Kijchalao, U Jones, JW Scott, TW TI Dengue knowledge and practices and their impact on Aedes aegypti populations in Kamphaeng Phet, Thailand SO AMERICAN JOURNAL OF TROPICAL MEDICINE AND HYGIENE LA English DT Article ID PRIMARY-SCHOOL CHILDREN; COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION; HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER; CONTROL PROGRAM; PUERTO-RICO; PREVENTION; EPIDEMIOLOGY; INFESTATION; MEXICO AB A knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) survey and an extensive entomologic survey were conducted in two sub-districts of Kamphaeng Phet province, Thailand, to test the hypothesis that correct dengue knowledge and practice reduce dengue vector populations. We found a negative association between respondents' knowledge of preventive measures and the number of unprotected containers in and around their houses. Knowledge of development sites was positively associated with unprotected containers. No relationships existed between knowledge of dengue and adult mosquito reduction practices. A higher number of unprotected containers increased the likelihood of the house being infested with one or more adult Aedes aegypti. Surprisingly, houses of respondents that used mosquito coils or had screening on doors and windows were significantly more likely to be infested (odds ratio 2.0) with adult Ae. aegypti. We conclude that there is a direct link between knowledge on dengue prevention and container protection practices, whereas measures against adult mosquitoes are used only when people experience a mosquito nuisance problem. C1 Univ Calif Davis, Dept Entomol, Davis, CA 95616 USA. Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, US Med Component, Dept Entomol, Bangkok 10400, Thailand. RP Koenraadt, CJM (reprint author), Univ Calif Davis, Dept Entomol, 1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM cjmkoenraadt@ucdavis.edu FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI-034533] NR 32 TC 52 Z9 57 U1 0 U2 6 PU AMER SOC TROP MED & HYGIENE PI MCLEAN PA 8000 WESTPARK DR, STE 130, MCLEAN, VA 22101 USA SN 0002-9637 J9 AM J TROP MED HYG JI Am. J. Trop. Med. Hyg. PD APR PY 2006 VL 74 IS 4 BP 692 EP 700 PG 9 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Tropical Medicine GA 032BZ UT WOS:000236750200035 PM 16607007 ER PT J AU Mungiole, M Wilson, DK AF Mungiole, M Wilson, DK TI Prediction of outdoor sound transmission loss with an artificial neural network SO APPLIED ACOUSTICS LA English DT Article DE outdoor sound propagation; neural networks ID PARABOLIC EQUATION; PROPAGATION; ATMOSPHERE; TUTORIAL; MODELS; MEDIA AB An artificial neural network is developed for rapid prediction of sound transmission loss (TL) during propagation outdoors. The network predicts TL for a nonturbulent atmosphere from inputs involving the source/receiver propagation geometry (height range: 0-5 m, horizontal separation distance: 100-900 m), source frequency (range: 20-200 Hz), ground properties, and atmospheric refractive profile characteristics. A parabolic equation (PE) code generates the training and test data sets for the network. To ensure that a minimal set of input parameters is used in the network training, a nondimensional version of the PE and accompanying boundary, initial, and atmospheric conditions is developed. A total of 10 independent, nondimensional input parameters are found to be necessary for the training. Approximately 27,000 random cases involving these 10 parameters are generated used to train networks with varying numbers of neurons. The root mean square (RMS) error between random test cases solved by the PE and corresponding neural network predictions was 2.42 dB when a sufficient number of neurons (about 44) are included in the hidden layer. Also, only 18% of the cases resulted in RMS errors that were greater than 2 dB. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Mungiole, M (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM mmungiole@arl.army.mil RI Wilson, D. Keith/A-4687-2012 OI Wilson, D. Keith/0000-0002-8020-6871 NR 28 TC 18 Z9 19 U1 1 U2 8 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0003-682X J9 APPL ACOUST JI Appl. Acoust. PD APR PY 2006 VL 67 IS 4 BP 324 EP 345 DI 10.1016/j.apacoust.2005.06.003 PG 22 WC Acoustics SC Acoustics GA 003MO UT WOS:000234686500003 ER PT J AU Pearman, WF Fountain, AW AF Pearman, WF Fountain, AW TI Classification of chemical and biological warfare agent simulants by surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy and multivariate statistical techniques SO APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY LA English DT Article DE surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy; chemical warfare agents; biological warfare agents; soft independent modeling of class analogies; SIMCA; partial least squares-discriminant analysis; PLS-DA ID COLLOIDAL STABILITY; PARTICLE-SIZE; AG FILM; GOLD; IDENTIFICATION; MORPHOLOGY; SCATTERING AB Initial results demonstrating the ability to classify surface-enhanced Raman (SERS) spectra of chemical and biological warfare agent simulants are presented. The spectra of two endospores (B. subtilis and B. atrophaeus), two chemical agent simulants (dimethyl methylphosphonate (DMMP) and diethyl methylphosphonate (DEMP)), and two toxin simulants (ovalbumin and horseradish peroxidase) were studied on multiple substrates fabricated from colloidal gold adsorbed onto a silanized quartz surface. The use of principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical clustering were used to evaluate the efficacy of identifying potential threat agents from their spectra collected on a single substrate. The use of partial least squares-discriminate analysis (PLS-DA) and soft independent modeling of class analogies (SIMCA) on a compilation of data from separate substrates, fabricated under identical conditions, demonstrates both the feasibility and the limitations of this technique for the identification of known but previously unclassified spectra. C1 US Mil Acad, Dept Chem & Life Sci, Photon Res Ctr, West Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Fountain, AW (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Chem & Life Sci, Photon Res Ctr, West Point, NY 10996 USA. EM fountain@us.army.mil NR 32 TC 49 Z9 49 U1 3 U2 55 PU SOC APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY PI FREDERICK PA 201B BROADWAY ST, FREDERICK, MD 21701 USA SN 0003-7028 J9 APPL SPECTROSC JI Appl. Spectrosc. PD APR PY 2006 VL 60 IS 4 BP 356 EP 365 DI 10.1366/000370206776593744 PG 10 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Spectroscopy SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Spectroscopy GA 033ED UT WOS:000236828500003 PM 16613630 ER PT J AU Spencer, DF Liow, PS Chan, WK Ksander, GG Getsinger, KD AF Spencer, DF Liow, PS Chan, WK Ksander, GG Getsinger, KD TI Estimating Arundo donax shoot biomass SO AQUATIC BOTANY LA English DT Article DE non-destructive method; giant reed; invasive plant ID ABOVEGROUND BIOMASS; FORESTS AB We developed an equation for estimating Arundo donax shoot dry weight from shoot length. The equation, shoot dry weight (g) = 14.254 (standard error = +/- 0.275) x shoot height(2) (m), was as effective at explaining a high proportion of total variation in shoot dry weight (R(2) = 0.90) as more complicated equations containing additional morphometric parameters. Tested against two independent datasets, the equation provided accurate estimates of dry weight for shoots ranging from 0.3 to 7.06 m height (dataset 1, P < 0.0001, R(2) = 0.87, N= 29; dataset 2, P < 0.0001, R(2) = 0.82, N = 192). The equation provides aboveground biomass estimates from stem counts and heights more rapidly than harvest methods. Published by Elsevier B.V. C1 USDA ARS, Dept Plant Sci, Exot & Invasive Weeds Res Unit, Davis, CA 95616 USA. USAERDC, CEERD EP P, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Spencer, DF (reprint author), USDA ARS, Dept Plant Sci, Exot & Invasive Weeds Res Unit, Mail Stop 4,1 Shields Ave, Davis, CA 95616 USA. EM dfspencer@ucdavis.edu NR 20 TC 37 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0304-3770 J9 AQUAT BOT JI Aquat. Bot. PD APR PY 2006 VL 84 IS 3 BP 272 EP 276 DI 10.1016/j.aquabot.2005.11.004 PG 5 WC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology SC Plant Sciences; Marine & Freshwater Biology GA 019UD UT WOS:000235861300013 ER PT J AU Woodruff, T Kelty, R Segal, DR AF Woodruff, T Kelty, R Segal, DR TI Propensity to serve and motivation to enlist among American combat soldiers SO ARMED FORCES & SOCIETY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Meeting of the Inter-University Seminar on Armed Forces and Society CY 2004 CL Toronto, CANADA SP Inter Univ DE enlistment; propensity; motivation; service ID MILITARY SERVICE; US MILITARY AB Propensity to serve in the military expressed by high school seniors has been shown to be a strong predictor of actual service. Among male high school seniors, 70 percent of those who express high desire or likelihood of service actually enter the military within six years of high school graduation. Propensity to serve has been declining among American youth, and there are not sufficient high-propensity youth to meet manpower needs, so low-propensity youth must be recruited as well. In this article, we explore the relationship between propensity and motivation to enlist in a sample of enlisted combat soldiers in the U.S. Army. We provide an analysis of motivational data that tests Moskos's institutional and occupational models of service and find the organization of motivations to be more complex than Moskos's dichotomous conceptualization. We find that those soldiers who reported high enlistment propensity before beginning service reported significant institutional motivations to join and plans for a military career. Enlistment propensity was not significantly related to occupational or pecuniary motivations. C1 Univ Maryland, Dept Sociol, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Univ Maryland, Dept Govt & Polit, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Univ Maryland, Sch Publ Policy, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. Univ Maryland, Ctr Res Mil Org, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Woodruff, T (reprint author), US Mil Acad, Dept Behav Sci & Leadership, West Point, NY 10996 USA. EM todd.woodruff@us.army.mil; ryan.kelty@usma.edu; dsegal@umd.edu NR 34 TC 35 Z9 35 U1 4 U2 11 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0095-327X J9 ARMED FORCES SOC JI Armed Forces Soc. PD APR PY 2006 VL 32 IS 3 BP 353 EP 366 DI 10.1177/0095327X05283040 PG 14 WC Political Science; Sociology SC Government & Law; Sociology GA 036WK UT WOS:000237107300001 ER PT J AU Wilson, JS Budra, P Zeitlin, M AF Wilson, JS Budra, P Zeitlin, M TI Soldier talk: The Vietnam War in oral narrative. SO ARMED FORCES & SOCIETY LA English DT Book Review C1 US Mil Acad, West Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Wilson, JS (reprint author), US Mil Acad, West Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC PI THOUSAND OAKS PA 2455 TELLER RD, THOUSAND OAKS, CA 91320 USA SN 0095-327X J9 ARMED FORCES SOC JI Armed Forces Soc. PD APR PY 2006 VL 32 IS 3 BP 484 EP 486 DI 10.1177/0095327X05285652 PG 3 WC Political Science; Sociology SC Government & Law; Sociology GA 036WK UT WOS:000237107300012 ER PT J AU Judd, D Bottoni, C Kim, D Burke, M Hooker, S AF Judd, D Bottoni, C Kim, D Burke, M Hooker, S TI Infections following arthroscopic anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction SO ARTHROSCOPY-THE JOURNAL OF ARTHROSCOPIC AND RELATED SURGERY LA English DT Article DE anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction; infection; treatment; complications ID SEPTIC ARTHRITIS; ANTIBIOTICS; GRAFT AB Purpose: Infection after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction is a serious but uncommon complication. Optimal management has not been established. The purpose of our case series was to review our experience and published reports to identify risk factors, evaluate physical and laboratory findings, compare different treatments, and assess clinical outcomes. Methods: Retrospective review of all the arthroscopic ACL reconstructions performed at Our institution between 1994 and 2002. Patients with intra-articular infections were evaluated and, when available, comparisons were made between patients with extra-articular infections and uncomplicated postoperative ACL reconstructions. Results: Eleven postoperative infections were identified, all in patients who had hamstring autograft. Previous knee surgery, especially previous ACL reconstruction and tibial ACL graft fixation with a post and washer, was associated with increased infection. Laboratory data revealed elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate (average, 67), C-reactive protein (average, 14), and intra-articular blood cell count (average, 52,000). All infections were eradicated with serial arthroscopic incision and drainage (average, 2.4 procedures) and intravenous antibiotics (duration, 14 to 42 days). The graft was retained in 10 of I I patients. At an average follow-up of 22 months, the average Lysholm functional knee score was 71.6 out of 100 points (range, 36-99). Of the 5 patients with fair/poor results, the most common chief complaint was pain and stiffness. Conclusions: Long-term goals for treatment of patients with postoperative ACL infections are to protect the articular cartilage and to maintain knee function. Timely initiation of treatment, including joint lavage, debridement, and antibiotics, are essential to treatment. Graft and hardware retention can successfully accomplish these long-term goals. However, if early clinical response is not acceptable, strong consideration should be given to expedient graft and hardware removal. Excellent outcomes can be obtained, but results are usually lower than with uncomplicated cases. Level of Evidence: Level IV, case series. C1 Womack Army Med Ctr, Dept Orthopaed & Rehabil, Ft Bragg, NC 28310 USA. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Colorado Permanente Med Grp, Colorado Springs, CO USA. Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Ft Gordon, GA USA. Winn Army Community Hosp, Stewart, GA USA. RP Judd, D (reprint author), Womack Army Med Ctr, Dept Orthopaed & Rehabil, Ft Bragg, NC 28310 USA. EM Daniel.Judd@amedd.army.mil NR 13 TC 66 Z9 72 U1 0 U2 2 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0749-8063 J9 ARTHROSCOPY JI Arthroscopy PD APR PY 2006 VL 22 IS 4 BP 375 EP 384 DI 10.1016/j.arthro.2005.12.002 PG 10 WC Orthopedics; Surgery SC Orthopedics; Surgery GA 032II UT WOS:000236767700008 PM 16581449 ER PT J AU Wallace, RF Kriebel, D Punnett, L Wegman, DH Wenger, CB Gardner, JW Kark, JA AF Wallace, RF Kriebel, D Punnett, L Wegman, DH Wenger, CB Gardner, JW Kark, JA TI Risk factors for recruit exertional heat illness by gender and training period SO AVIATION SPACE AND ENVIRONMENTAL MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE epidemiology; case-control study; exercise; body mass index; BMI; fitness; heat stroke; heat exhaustion ID DEHYDRATION AB Introduction: Exertional heat illness (EHI) is a recurrent problem for both male and female recruits during basic military training. A matched case control study investigated the effects of fitness and conditioning on EHI risk among Marine Corps recruits during 12 wk of basic training at Marine Corps Recruit Depot, Parris Island, SC. Methods: Physical fitness and anthropometric measurements at entrance were acquired for 627 EHI cases that occurred during the period 1988-1996 and for 1802 controls drawn from the same training platoons. Conditional logistic regression was used to estimate EHI risk. Results: Slower physical fitness test run times during processing week strongly predicted risk for subsequent EHI in both male and female recruits. A 9% increase in risk for EHI associated with body mass index (BMI = kg (.) m(-2); weight/height(2)) was found in male recruits, while BMI was not associated with risk among female recruits. BMI and initial run time were important predictors for EHI in early training, while in late training the initial BMI was no longer as important a risk factor and improvements in fitness reduced risk. Conclusion: Tables of estimated absolute risks categorized by BMI and VO(2)max are provided as a guide for identifying recruits who are at high risk for developing EHI during training. C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Biophys & Biomed Modeling Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. Univ Massachusetts, Dept Work Environm, Sch Hlth & Environm, Lowell, MA USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Prevent Med & Biometr, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Div Hematol Oncol, Bethesda, MD USA. RP Wallace, RF (reprint author), USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Biophys & Biomed Modeling Div, 42 Kansas St, Natick, MA 01760 USA. EM robert.wallace@na.amedd.army.mil NR 19 TC 24 Z9 29 U1 1 U2 4 PU AEROSPACE MEDICAL ASSOC PI ALEXANDRIA PA 320 S HENRY ST, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-3579 USA SN 0095-6562 J9 AVIAT SPACE ENVIR MD JI Aviat. Space Environ. Med. PD APR PY 2006 VL 77 IS 4 BP 415 EP 421 PG 7 WC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; Medicine, General & Internal; Sport Sciences SC Public, Environmental & Occupational Health; General & Internal Medicine; Sport Sciences GA 031OC UT WOS:000236712900006 PM 16676653 ER PT J AU Walker, K Pakhomova, ON Kolb, J Schoenbach, KS Stuck, BE Murphy, MR Pakhomov, AG AF Walker, K Pakhomova, ON Kolb, J Schoenbach, KS Stuck, BE Murphy, MR Pakhomov, AG TI Oxygen enhances lethal effect of high-intensity, ultrashort electrical pulses SO BIOELECTROMAGNETICS LA English DT Article DE nanosecond pulses; cytotoxicity; radiomodification ID CELL-DEATH AB The study explored the effect of ambient oxygen on mammalian cell survival after exposure to 10 ns duration, high voltage electrical pulses (nsEP, 80-90 or 120-130 kV/cm; 200-400 pulses per exposure). Cell samples were equilibrated with pure nitrogen, atmospheric air, or pure oxygen prior to the nsEP treatment and were returned to the incubator (air + 5% CO2) shortly after the exposure. The experiments established that survival of hypoxic Jurkat and U937 cells exceeded that of air-equilibrated controls about twofold (P <.01). Conversely, saturation of the medium with oxygen prior to exposure decreased Jurkat cell survival about 1.5 times, P <.01. Attenuation of the cytotoxic effect under hypoxic conditions resembled a well-known effect of oxygen on cell killing by sparsely ionizing radiations and may be indicative of the similarity of underlying cell damage mechanisms. C1 USA, Med Res Detachment, San Antonio, TX USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Biochem, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. Old Dominion Univ, Ctr Bioelect, Norfolk, VA USA. USAF, Res Lab, Human Effect Directorate, Directed Energy Bioeffects Div, San Antonio, TX USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, Dept Physiol, San Antonio, TX 78284 USA. RP Pakhomov, AG (reprint author), UTHSCSA, Dept Physiol, 7703 Floyd Curl Dr, San Antonio, TX 78229 USA. EM pakhomov@uthscsa.edu RI Kolb, Juergen/A-5515-2016 OI Kolb, Juergen/0000-0002-0434-5001 NR 18 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-LISS PI HOBOKEN PA DIV JOHN WILEY & SONS INC, 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0197-8462 J9 BIOELECTROMAGNETICS JI Bioelectromagnetics PD APR PY 2006 VL 27 IS 3 BP 221 EP 225 DI 10.1002/bem.20200 PG 5 WC Biology; Biophysics SC Life Sciences & Biomedicine - Other Topics; Biophysics GA 027JL UT WOS:000236411600007 PM 16342277 ER PT J AU Brooks, JP Albert, PS O'Connell, J McLeod, DG Poggi, MM AF Brooks, JP Albert, PS O'Connell, J McLeod, DG Poggi, MM TI Lymphovascular invasion in prostate cancer - Prognostic significance in patients treated with radiotherapy after radical prostatectomy SO CANCER LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 41st Annual Meeting of the American-Society-of-Clinical-Oncology CY MAY 17-21, 2005 CL Orlando, FL SP Amer Soc Clin Oncol DE extracapsular extension; Gleason score; lymph node involvement; perineural invasion; radical prostatectomy; seminal vesicle invasion; surgical margin status ID MICROVASCULAR INVASION; SALVAGE RADIOTHERAPY; SPECIMENS; PROGRESSION; PREDICTORS; CARCINOMA; DISEASE AB BACKGROUND. Lymphovascular invasion (LVI) is found ill approximately 5% to 53% of specimens after radical prostatectomy (RP). Although LVI is associated with higher rates of recurrence after RP, its prognostic significance after postprostatectomy radiotherapy (P-XRT) is unclear. METHODS. The medical records of men who received P-XRT from 1991 to 2001 at 2 institutions were reviewed for the presence of LVI in RP specimens. Multiple patient variables were evaluated for their association with LVI using Fisher exact tests and Wilcoxon rank-sum tests. The time to biochemical recurrence (BCR) and the time to distant metastases (DM) after RP were analyzed using Kaplan-Meier estimations, log-rank tests, and Cox regression analyses. RESULTS. Eighteen of 160 patients (11%) who received P-XRT had LVI in their RP specimen. High Gleason score and seminal vesicle invasion were associated significantly with LVI. After a median follow-up of 8.3 years after RP, 16 patients with LVI had BCR after P-XRT, 9 of whom developed DM. The median time to BCR in patients with LVI was 2.6 years (95% confidence interval [95% CI], 1.8-5.4) compared with 7.8 years (95% CI, 6.8-10.3) in patients without LVI (P <.001). Multi- revealed all adjusted relative risk for LVI of 5.5 (P <.001). Other variate analysis significant factors were Gleason score, undetectable post-RP serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels, preradiotherapy serum PSA levels, and the interval from RP to P-XRT. LVI was the only significant factor associated with all increased risk of DM ill univariate analysis (hazard ratio, 7.4; P <.001). CONCLUSIONS. LVI was Useful as a pathologic marker for reduced efficacy of P-XRT after RP in terms of increased risk of BCR and DM. Future studies will be needed to validate these findings. C1 Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Div Radiat Oncol, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Div Radiat Oncol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NCI, Biometr Res Branch, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Urol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Radiol, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Poggi, MM (reprint author), Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Div Radiat Oncol, 8901 Wisconsin Ave, Bethesda, MD 20889 USA. EM mpoggi@bethesda.med.navy.mil NR 14 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 1 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0008-543X J9 CANCER JI Cancer PD APR 1 PY 2006 VL 106 IS 7 BP 1521 EP 1526 DI 10.1002/cncr.21774 PG 6 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 024KI UT WOS:000236193500013 PM 16518811 ER PT J AU Grant, SA Boitnott, GE Korhonen, CJ Sletten, RS AF Grant, SA Boitnott, GE Korhonen, CJ Sletten, RS TI Effect of temperature on hydration kinetics and polymerization of tricalcium silicate in stirred suspensions of CaO-saturated solutions SO CEMENT AND CONCRETE RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE calorimetry; hydration; kinetics; temperature; Ca3SiO5 ID CEMENT AB Tricalcium silicate was hydrated at 274, 278, 283, 298, and 313 K in stirred suspensions of saturated CaO solutions under a nitrogen-gas atmosphere until the end of deceleratory period. The suspension conductivities and energy flows were measured continuously. The individual reaction rates for tricalcium silicate dissolution, calcium silicate hydrate precipitation, and calcium hydroxide precipitation were calculated from these measurements. The results suggest that the proportion of tricalcium silicate dissolved was determined by the rate of tricalcium silicate dissolution and the time to very rapid calcium hydroxide precipitation. The time to very rapid calcium hydroxide precipitation was more sensitive to changes in temperature than was the rate of tricalcium silicate dissolution, so that the proportion of tricalcium silicate hydration dissolved by the deceleratory period increased with decreasing temperature. The average chain length of the calcium silicate hydrate ascertained by magic-angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy increased with increasing temperature. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Army Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. Univ Washington, Quaternary Res Ctr, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. RP Grant, SA (reprint author), USA, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Army Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, 72 Lyme Rd, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. EM steven.a.grant@usace.army.mil RI Chen, Wei/A-5694-2010 NR 18 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0008-8846 J9 CEMENT CONCRETE RES JI Cem. Concr. Res. PD APR PY 2006 VL 36 IS 4 BP 671 EP 677 DI 10.1016/j.cemconres.2005.10.001 PG 7 WC Construction & Building Technology; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Construction & Building Technology; Materials Science GA 032NL UT WOS:000236781200008 ER PT J AU Mikita, J Parker, J AF Mikita, J Parker, J TI High levels of medical utilization by ambulatory patients with vocal cord dysfunction as compared to age- and gender-matched asthmatics SO CHEST LA English DT Article DE ambulatory care; asthma; dyspnea; vocal cords ID STRIDOR AB Study objectives: To evaluate medical utilization by ambulatory patients with vocal cord dysfunction (VCD). Design: Retrospective, case-control study. Setting: Pulmonary disease clinic at an army tertiary-care center. Patients: Twenty-five ambulatory patients with VCD (mean age, 41 years; range, 27 to 69 years) who were age- (+/- 3 years) and gender-matched to 25 control patients with moderate persistent asthma. Measurements and results: Medical utilization for the year preceding the diagnosis of VCD or asthma was obtained from a computerized medical record. End points included total outpatient visits, evaluations by subspecialty physicians, presentations for urgent care, hospitalizations, and number of prescriptions. Total physician visits (477 visits vs 267 visits, respectively; p < 0.004) and subspecialty care visits (277 visits vs 118 visits; p < 0.007) were significantly greater among the VCD cohort as compared with the asthmatic cohort. The groups were also found to have comparable utilization of prescriptions (448 prescriptions vs 394 prescriptions, respectively; p < 0.63), frequency of hospitalizations (seven hospitalizations vs five hospitalizations; p < 0.59), and urgent care visits (45 visits vs 20 visits; p < 0.14). Conclusions:Ambulatory VCD patients use significantly more medical provider resources and similar pharmaceutical assets as compared to patients with moderate persistent asthma. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Pulm Dis Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Med, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Mikita, J (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Pulm Dis Serv, 6900 Georgia Ave,NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM jeffrey.a.mikita@us.army.mil NR 11 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 1 PU AMER COLL CHEST PHYSICIANS PI NORTHBROOK PA 3300 DUNDEE ROAD, NORTHBROOK, IL 60062-2348 USA SN 0012-3692 J9 CHEST JI Chest PD APR PY 2006 VL 129 IS 4 BP 905 EP 908 DI 10.1378/chest.129.4.905 PG 4 WC Critical Care Medicine; Respiratory System SC General & Internal Medicine; Respiratory System GA 034CB UT WOS:000236901000015 PM 16608937 ER PT J AU Sabichi, AL Lee, JJ Taylor, RJ Thompson, IM Miles, BJ Tangen, CM Minasian, LM Pisters, LL Caton, JR Basler, JW Lerner, SP Menter, DG Marshall, JR Crawford, ED Lippman, SM AF Sabichi, AL Lee, JJ Taylor, RJ Thompson, IM Miles, BJ Tangen, CM Minasian, LM Pisters, LL Caton, JR Basler, JW Lerner, SP Menter, DG Marshall, JR Crawford, ED Lippman, SM TI Selenium accumulation in prostate tissue during a randomized, controlled short-term trial of l-selenomethionine: a Southwest Oncology Group study SO CLINICAL CANCER RESEARCH LA English DT Article ID CANCER PREVENTION; THIOREDOXIN REDUCTASE; PROSPECTIVE COHORT; SUBSEQUENT RISK; CELL-CYCLE; SUPPLEMENTATION; CARCINOMA; LEVEL; CHEMOPREVENTION; SELENOPROTEINS AB Purpose: Epidemiologic and clinical data suggest that selenium could prevent prostate cancer, but it has not been shown that supplemental selenium leads to an increased concentration of selenium in prostate tissue compared with adjacent tissue Experimental Design. We conducted a randomized, controlled, short-term trial of I-selenomethionine (SeMet) versus observation in men with organ-confined prostate cancer The primary endpoint was the measurement of selenium concentration in prostate tissue and seminal vesicle (SV). We assessed baseline selenium levels in serum and in toenail specimens (reflecting long-term intake) and post-intervention selenium levels in serum, and in prostate and SV tissues using hydride generation atomic fluorescence spectroscopy. Results: Sixty-six eligible patients were randomly assigned to the SeMet (n = 34) or observation (n = 32) arm; both arms had similar baseline patient characteristics Baseline serum selenium was similar in the two groups (P = 0.64). Baseline toenail selenium levels were slightly higher in the SeMet group than in the control group (P = 0.07). After the intervention, the mean serum selenium level increased 15% in the SeMet arm and was higher than in the observation arm (P = 0.001). The selenium concentration in prostate tissue was 22% higher in the SeMet arm (n = 26) than in the observation arm (n = 25; 1.80 versus 147 ppm; P = 0.003, Wilcoxon rank sum test) and remained significantly higher after adjusting for chronic selenium intake (P = 0.021, ANCOVA). SV selenium concentration was similar in both groups (P = 0.384) and was lower than in prostate tissue. Conclusions: The present study is the first to show that selenium taken as oral supplementation accumulates preferentially in the human prostate gland as opposed to the SV. These findings support the hypothesis that oral selenium supplementation may contribute to the cancer preventive effects of selenium. C1 Univ Texas, MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Dept Clin Canc Prevent, Houston, TX 77230 USA. Baylor Coll Med, Houston, TX 77030 USA. Texas A&M Univ, College Stn, TX USA. Univ Texas, Hlth Sci Ctr, San Antonio, TX USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Brooke Army Med Ctr, San Antonio, TX 78236 USA. SW Oncol Grp, Ctr Stat, Seattle, WA USA. Natl Canc Inst Hlth, Bethesda, MD USA. Roswell Pk Canc Inst, Buffalo, NY 14263 USA. Univ Colorado, Hlth Sci Ctr, Denver, CO USA. RP Sabichi, AL (reprint author), Univ Texas, MD Anderson Canc Ctr, Dept Clin Canc Prevent, 1515 Holcombe Blvd,POB 301439,Unit 1360, Houston, TX 77230 USA. EM asabichi@mdanderson.org FU NCI NIH HHS [CA42777, CA105409, CA22433, CA37429, CA76447]; NIEHS NIH HHS [5 P30 ES07784] NR 41 TC 29 Z9 30 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER ASSOC CANCER RESEARCH PI PHILADELPHIA PA 615 CHESTNUT ST, 17TH FLOOR, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-4404 USA SN 1078-0432 J9 CLIN CANCER RES JI Clin. Cancer Res. PD APR 1 PY 2006 VL 12 IS 7 BP 2178 EP 2184 DI 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-05-0937 PN 1 PG 7 WC Oncology SC Oncology GA 034BI UT WOS:000236899000034 PM 16609032 ER PT J AU Krasuski, RA Michaelis, K Eckart, RE AF Krasuski, RA Michaelis, K Eckart, RE TI The cardiovascular patient's perceptions of complementary and alternative medicine SO CLINICAL CARDIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE complementary and alternative medicine; cardiovascular disease; vitamin E; hormone replacement; safety; efficacy ID VITAMIN-E SUPPLEMENTATION; UNITED-STATES; EVENTS; TRENDS AB Background: Complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) use is common among patients with cardiovascular disorders and is generally underrecognized by physicians. The attitudes of these patients regarding these therapies and their perceptions of safety and efficacy have not been well defined. Methods: A written survey was received from a cohort of outpatients seen at a large outpatient cardiovascular clinic in Texas. Over 75% of patients responded, with more than 90% of returned surveys adequate for analysis. Results: Of the 2 10 respondents 113 admitted to CAM use, with Vitan-fins E and C being the most frequently utilized agents. Women were significantly more likely to take CAM than men (69 vs. 46%, p = 0.002), particularly those taking hormone replacement therapy. Over half of patients surveyed stated their cardiologist was unaware of their use of CAM. Only 15% of patients felt that CAM was more efficacious than their traditional medications, but almost half felt it was significantly safer. A similar number were unaware of any interactions between CAM and their other medications. Conclusions: Use of CAM is common in cardiology outpatients, and many patients remain unaware of potential health risks. Physicians should routinely question patients about use of CAM and attempt to educate users regarding potential health risks. C1 Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Cardiovasc Med, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Cardiovasc Med, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Krasuski, RA (reprint author), Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Dept Cardiovasc Med, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. EM krasusr@ccf.org NR 17 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 1 U2 1 PU CLINICAL CARDIOLOGY PUBL CO PI MAHWAH PA PO BOX 832, MAHWAH, NJ 07430-0832 USA SN 0160-9289 J9 CLIN CARDIOL JI Clin. Cardiol. PD APR PY 2006 VL 29 IS 4 BP 161 EP 164 DI 10.1002/clc.4960290407 PG 4 WC Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems SC Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 027UW UT WOS:000236442200006 PM 16649725 ER PT J AU Focht, DR Baker, RC Heubi, JE Moyer, MS AF Focht, DR Baker, RC Heubi, JE Moyer, MS TI Variability in the management of childhood constipation SO CLINICAL PEDIATRICS LA English DT Article ID CHILDREN; POLYETHYLENE-GLYCOL-3350; ELECTROLYTES; ENCOPRESIS AB To assist primary care providers, the North American Society for Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition (NASPGHAN) published clinical practice guidelines for management of childhood constipation. A cross-sectional survey of pediatricians from across the United States was conducted to assess pediatricians' constipation management strategies, whether pediatricians are familiar with the NASPGHAN constipation guidelines, and reasons pediatricians refer constipated patients to a pediatric gastroenterologist. Overall, 75% of pediatricians used polyethylene glycol without electrolytes to treat childhood constipation, 8% of pediatricians were aware NASPGHAN had published constipation guidelines, and parental pressure was just one reason pediatricians referred constipated patients to a pediatric gastroenterologist. C1 Cinncinati Childrens Hosp, Med Ctr, Div Pediat Gastroenterol, Cincinnati, OH USA. Cinncinati Childrens Hosp, Med Ctr, Div Gen & Community Pediat, Cincinnati, OH USA. RP Focht, DR (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Pediat, 1 Jarrett White Rd, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. FU NIDDK NIH HHS [T32 DK07727] NR 12 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 1 PU WESTMINSTER PUBL INC PI GLEN HEAD PA 708 GLEN COVE AVE, GLEN HEAD, NY 11545 USA SN 0009-9228 J9 CLIN PEDIATR JI Clin. Pediatr. PD APR PY 2006 VL 45 IS 3 BP 251 EP 256 DI 10.1177/000992280604500307 PG 6 WC Pediatrics SC Pediatrics GA 041GU UT WOS:000237443300007 PM 16708138 ER PT J AU Camenen, B Larson, M AF Camenen, B Larson, M TI Phase-lag effects in sheet flow transport SO COASTAL ENGINEERING LA English DT Article DE inception of sheet flow; phase-lag effects; net sediment transport; bed load ID SEDIMENT TRANSPORT; BED AB The inception of the sheet flow regime as well as the effects of the phase lag when the sheet flow regime is established were investigated for oscillatory flows and combined steady and oscillatory flows. A new criterion for the inception of sheet flow is proposed based on around 300 oscillatory flow cases from experiments. This criterion was introduced in the Camenen and Larson [Camenen, B., Larson, M., 2005. A bedload sediment transport formula for the nearshore. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science 63, 249-260.] bed load formula in order to take into account phase-lag effects in the sheet flow regime. The modification of the Camenen and Larson formula significantly improves the overall agreement with data and yields a correct behavior in relation to some of the main governing parameters, which are the median grain size d(50), the orbital wave velocity U-w, and the wave period T-w. The calibration of the new formula was based on more than 200 experimental data values on the net sediment transport rate for a full wave cycle. A conceptual model was also proposed to estimate the ratio between sediment transport rate with and without phase lag, (r(pl)=q(s,net)/q(s,net,phi=0)). This simple model provides accurate results and may be used together with any quasi-steady model for bed load transport. (C) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All tights reserved. C1 Kyoto Univ, Disaster Prevent Res Inst, Kyoto 6110011, Japan. Lund Univ, Dept Water Resources Engn, S-22100 Lund, Sweden. USA, Inlet Modeling Syst Work Unit, Coastal Inlets Res Program, Corps Engineers, Washington, DC USA. RP Camenen, B (reprint author), Kyoto Univ, Disaster Prevent Res Inst, Kyoto 6110011, Japan. EM benoit@rcde.dpri.kyoto-u.ac.jp NR 27 TC 8 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-3839 J9 COAST ENG JI Coast. Eng. PD APR PY 2006 VL 53 IS 5-6 BP 531 EP 542 DI 10.1016/j.coastaleng.2005.12.003 PG 12 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Ocean SC Engineering GA 033KI UT WOS:000236845500007 ER PT J AU Jackson, WL Shorr, AF AF Jackson, William L. Shorr, Andrew F. TI Update in ventilator-associated pneumonia SO CURRENT OPINION IN ANESTHESIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE antimicrobial resistance; bronchoalveolar lavage; methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus; nosocomial pneumonia; ventilator-associated pneumonia AB Purpose of review Ventilator-associated pneumonia remains an important topic (or subject) in the care of the critically ill. Issues related to ventilator-associated pneumonia are now particularly acute given the continued increase in rates of antimicrobial resistance seen in intensive care units. This review examines the latest literature in this area, including promising approaches to infection prevention and recently developed guidelines to aid clinicians in limiting, identifying and treating ventilator-associated pneumonia. Recent findings Increasingly rigorous and robust studies have shown the enormous cost, morbidity and mortality of infections acquired in the intensive care unit in general and of ventilator-associated pneumonia in particular, and offered potential management options. Specific areas of promise include advances in means of diagnosis, such as appropriate use of bronchoscopy and inflammatory markers, and treatment methods, including short-course treatment regimens and the use of 'de-escalation' as a strategy for antibiotic prescribing. Summary Recent studies have started to illuminate the full magnitude of the impact of ventilator-associated pneumonia in the intensive care unit and suggest potential measures for intervention. Hopefully, additional work will aid in eventual development of effective preventive, diagnostic and therapeutic strategies that can reliably improve patient outcomes. C1 [Jackson, William L.] Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Crit Care Med Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. [Shorr, Andrew F.] Washington Hosp Ctr, Dept Med, Pulm & Crit Care Med Serv, Room 2A-38D,110 Irving St, Washington, DC 20010 USA. RP Shorr, AF (reprint author), Washington Hosp Ctr, Dept Med, Pulm & Crit Care Med Serv, Room 2A-38D,110 Irving St, Washington, DC 20010 USA. EM afshorr@dnamail.com NR 38 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA TWO COMMERCE SQ, 2001 MARKET ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19103 USA SN 0952-7907 EI 1473-6500 J9 CURR OPIN ANESTHESIO JI Curr. Opin. Anesthesiol. PD APR PY 2006 VL 19 IS 2 BP 117 EP 121 DI 10.1097/01.aco.0000192770.01904.dd PG 5 WC Anesthesiology SC Anesthesiology GA V42RW UT WOS:000209631900003 PM 16552216 ER PT J AU Warfield, KL Panchal, RG Aman, MJ Bavari, S AF Warfield, KL Panchal, RG Aman, MJ Bavari, S TI Antisense treatments for biothreat agents SO CURRENT OPINION IN MOLECULAR THERAPEUTICS LA English DT Review DE antisense; biothreat; oligonucleotide; phosphorodiamidate morpholino; phosphorothioate; small interfering RNA ID HUMAN-IMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS; PHOSPHOROTHIOATE OLIGONUCLEOTIDES INHIBIT; CHOLESTERYL-CONJUGATED OLIGONUCLEOTIDES; PHOSPHORODIAMIDATE MORPHOLINO OLIGOMER; CHRONICALLY INFECTED-CELLS; PEPTIDE NUCLEIC-ACIDS; ANTI-HIV ACTIVITY; DNA-RNA DUPLEXES; GENE-EXPRESSION; MESSENGER-RNA AB Antisense oligomers (ASOs) represent a promising technology to treat viral and bacterial infections, and have already been shown to be successful against a variety of pathogens in cell culture studies and nonhuman primate models of infection. For these reasons, antisense technologies are being pursued as treatments against biothreat agents such as Ebola virus, dengue virus and Bacillus anthracis. Several generations of modified oligonucleotides have been developed to maximize nuclease resistance, target affinity, potency, cell entry, and other pharmacokinetic properties. First-generation ASOs contain phosphorothioate modifications to increase stability through nuclease resistance. Further chemical modifications in second-generation ASOs include 2'-O-methyl and 2'-O-methoxyethyl oligos, which increase nuclease resistance and oligo: RNA binding affinities. Third-generation ASOs contain a variety of chemical modifications that enhance stability, affinity and bioavailability. A fourth class of oligonucleotide-based compounds consists of small interfering RNAs, which have recently become widely used for gene knockdown in vitro and in vivo. This review focuses on the third-generation phosphorodiamidate morpholino oligomers, which are nonionic and contain a morpholine ring instead of a ribose, as well as phosphorodiamidate linkages in place of phosphorothioates. Multiple antisense oligomer-based therapeutics are being developed for use against biothreat agents, and antisense drugs will likely become a critical member of our arsenal in the defense against highly pathogenic, emerging or genetically engineered pathogens. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. NCI, Target Struct Based Drug Discovery Grp, SAIC Frederick Inc, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. RP Bavari, S (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ft Detrick, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. EM sina.bavari@amedd.army.mil FU NCI NIH HHS [N01-CO-12400] NR 128 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 5 PU CURRENT DRUGS LTD PI LONDON PA MIDDLESEX HOUSE, 34-42 CLEVELAND ST, LONDON W1P 6LB, ENGLAND SN 1464-8431 J9 CURR OPIN MOL THER JI Curr. Opin. Mol. Ther. PD APR PY 2006 VL 8 IS 2 BP 93 EP 103 PG 11 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 025RT UT WOS:000236285300002 PM 16610760 ER PT J AU Nindl, BC Tuckow, AP Alemany, JA Harman, EA Rarick, KR Staab, JS Faupel, ML Khosravi, MJ AF Nindl, Bradley C. Tuckow, Alexander P. Alemany, Joseph A. Harman, Everett A. Rarick, Kevin R. Staab, Jeffery S. Faupel, Mark L. Khosravi, M. J. TI Minimally invasive sampling of transdermal body fluid for the purpose of measuring insulin-like growth factor-I during exercise training SO DIABETES TECHNOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS LA English DT Article ID BINDING-PROTEINS; IGF-I; RESPONSES; SYSTEM; MUSCLE AB Insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) is a ubiquitous hormone that is secreted in both an endocrine and an autocrine/paracrine manner. IGF-I has conventionally been measured in serum; however, transdermal body fluid (TDF) remains as an unexplored biocompartment in which IGF-I also resides and may be more biologically relevant because of its proximity to tissues and cells. The purpose of this study was to compare IGF-I in serum versus IGF-I in TDF before and after 8 weeks of physical training. Twenty-eight healthy men (28 +/- 5 years old, 176 +/- 8 cm tall, weighing 83 +/- 11 kg) had TDF obtained by a novel, minimally invasive method that included the application of continuous vacuum pressure on forearm skin perforated with tiny micropores created by a focused beam from a laser system and also had blood obtained by venipuncture. An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay measured total IGF-I concentrations. A repeated-measures analysis of variance (biocompartment X time) and Pearson Product Moment Correlation coefficients (P <= 0.05) were used for statistical analyses. Data are presented as mean +/- SE. Total TDF IGF-I was significantly lower than serum IGF-I both before (TDF, 91 +/- 6 ng/mL; serum, 375 +/- 17 ng/mL) and after (TDF, 83 +/- 5 ng/mL; serum, 363 +/- 19 ng/mL) the exercise training. Serum and TDF IGF-I values were not significantly different pre- to post-training. Serum and TDF IGF-I levels were significantly correlated pre-training (r = 0.41), but not post-training (r = 0.34). The percent change between serum and TDF was not correlated (r = 0.09). This study has demonstrated that total IGF-I can be sampled and measured in TDF via a minimally invasive manner and is appreciably (similar to 76%) less than total IGF-I measured in serum. Additionally, the IGF-I measurements in these two biocompartments were not closely associated, possibly indicating an uncoupled, rather than a linked, regulation of IGF-I among the body's biocompartments. C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, MIl Performance Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. SpectRx Inc, Norcross, GA USA. Univ Toronto, Dept Lab Med & Pathol, Toronto, ON, Canada. Diagnost Syst Labs Canada, Toronto, ON, Canada. Mt Sinai Hosp, Toronto, ON M5G 1X5, Canada. RP Nindl, BC (reprint author), USA, Environm Med Res Inst, MIl Performance Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. EM bradley.nindl@na.amedd.army.mil NR 19 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1520-9156 J9 DIABETES TECHNOL THE JI Diabetes Technol. Ther. PD APR PY 2006 VL 8 IS 2 BP 244 EP 252 DI 10.1089/dia.2006.8.244 PG 9 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 110UA UT WOS:000242405400011 PM 16734553 ER PT J AU Friedl, KE AF Friedl, Karl E. TI Is it SAMI (soldier acceptable,, minimally invasive) yet? SO DIABETES TECHNOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS LA English DT Article C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Friedl, KE (reprint author), USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. EM karl.friedl@us.army.mil OI Friedl, Karl/0000-0002-3134-8427 NR 8 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1520-9156 J9 DIABETES TECHNOL THE JI Diabetes Technol. Ther. PD APR PY 2006 VL 8 IS 2 BP 253 EP 255 PG 3 WC Endocrinology & Metabolism SC Endocrinology & Metabolism GA 110UA UT WOS:000242405400012 PM 16734554 ER PT J AU Griffith, ME Horvath, LL Mika, WV Hawley, JS Moon, JE Hospenthal, DR Murray, CK AF Griffith, ME Horvath, LL Mika, WV Hawley, JS Moon, JE Hospenthal, DR Murray, CK TI Viability of Leptospira in BacT/ALERT (R) MB Media SO DIAGNOSTIC MICROBIOLOGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASE LA English DT Article DE leptospirosis; diagnosis; blood culture ID BLOOD CULTURE-SYSTEMS; SURVIVAL; EPIDEMIC AB Recovery of Leptospira in the clinical setting is typically low as specialized culture media is needed. Previous data demonstrated that blood culture media commonly available to most clinical laboratories do not adequately sustain viable Leptospira. We hypothesized that mycobacterial blood culture medium, which is often readily available to most clinical laboratories, might be able to support the growth of Leptospira. Leptospires and fresh human blood were inoculated into BacT/ALERT (R) (bioMerieux, Durham NC) mycobacterial (MB) and enriched mycobacterial bottles. Standard aerobic (FA) and anaerobic (SN) bottles were also inoculated as a control group. Inoculated bottles were then evaluated for their ability to support Leptospira growth using dark-field microscopy, subculture, and an automated growth detection system. Viable leptospires were detected in MB bottles up to day 14. FA and SN were performed in accordance with prior data. We conclude that MB and enriched MB bottles of the BacT/ALERT (R) blood culture system can support viable leptospires. (c) 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Griffith, ME (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM matthew.griffith@amedd.army.mil RI Valle, Ruben/A-7512-2013 NR 14 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0732-8893 J9 DIAGN MICR INFEC DIS JI Diagn. Microbiol. Infect. Dis. PD APR PY 2006 VL 54 IS 4 BP 263 EP 266 DI 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2005.11.001 PG 4 WC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology SC Infectious Diseases; Microbiology GA 035BV UT WOS:000236975800004 PM 16466899 ER PT J AU Rao, MD Letowski, T AF Rao, MD Letowski, T TI Callsign Acquisition Test (CAT): Speech intelligibility in noise SO EAR AND HEARING LA English DT Article ID RECOGNITION; INTENSITY; HEARING AB Objective: The study was designed to assess the effects of noise on the intelligibility of speech elements used in the Callsign Acquisition Test (CAT), developed by the U.S. Army Research Laboratory. The CAT consists of 126 test items, or callsigns, each of which is made up of a two-syllable word selected from the 18-item military alphabet (Alpha-Zulu) followed by a one-syllable number (all numbers from 1 to 8, excluding 7). Design: The CAT items were mixed with one of three different types of background noises (pink noise, white noise, and multitalker babble) and presented to 18 listeners. Speech-to-noise ratio for all three noises and the overall level of pink noise were varied in two separate experiments to determine how these variables affected speech intelligibility of the CAT items pronounced by a male talker. Conclusions: Test results demonstrate speech-to-noise ratio has a significant effect on speech intelligibility of the CAT items under all conditions. Pink noise generated the lowest speech intelligibility scores followed by multitalker babble and then white noise. A change in the overall level of pink noise had only small effect on CAT intelligibility. C1 Michigan Technol Univ, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. US Army Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA. RP Rao, MD (reprint author), Michigan Technol Univ, 1400 Townsend Dr, Houghton, MI 49931 USA. EM mrao@mtu.edu NR 35 TC 7 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0196-0202 J9 EAR HEARING JI Ear Hear. PD APR PY 2006 VL 27 IS 2 BP 120 EP 128 DI 10.1097/01.aud.0000202289.32228.f6 PG 9 WC Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology; Otorhinolaryngology SC Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology; Otorhinolaryngology GA 022TY UT WOS:000236080000003 PM 16518140 ER PT J AU Palacios, G Briese, T Kapoor, V Jabado, O Liu, ZQ Venter, M Zhai, JH Renwick, N Grolla, A Geisbert, TW Drosten, C Towner, J Ju, JY Paweska, J Nichol, ST Swanepoel, R Feldmann, H Jahrling, PB Lipkin, WI AF Palacios, G Briese, T Kapoor, V Jabado, O Liu, ZQ Venter, M Zhai, JH Renwick, N Grolla, A Geisbert, TW Drosten, C Towner, J Ju, JY Paweska, J Nichol, ST Swanepoel, R Feldmann, H Jahrling, PB Lipkin, WI TI MassTag polymerase chain reaction for differential diagnosis of viral hemorrhagic fevers SO EMERGING INFECTIOUS DISEASES LA English DT Article ID VACCINES; RIBAVIRIN; THERAPY AB Viral hemorrhagic fevers are associated with high rates of illness and death. Although therapeutic options are limited, early differential diagnosis has implications for containment and may aid in clinical management. We describe a diagnostic system for rapid, multiplex polymerase chain reaction identification of 10 different causes of viral hemorrhagic fevers. C1 Columbia Univ, Greene Infect Dis Lab, Mailman Sch Publ Hlth, New York, NY 10032 USA. Univ Pretoria, ZA-0002 Pretoria, South Africa. Natl Hlth Lab Serv, Pretoria, South Africa. Publ Hlth Agcy Canada, Winnipeg, MB, Canada. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Frederick, MD USA. Bernhard Nocht Inst Trop Med, Hamburg, Germany. Ctr Dis Control & Prevent, Atlanta, GA USA. Natl Inst Communicable Dis, Johannesburg, South Africa. Univ Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada. NIAID, Integrated Res Facil, Frederick, MD USA. RP Briese, T (reprint author), Columbia Univ, Greene Infect Dis Lab, Mailman Sch Publ Hlth, 722 W 168th St,Rm 1801, New York, NY 10032 USA. EM thomas.briese@columbia.edu RI Jabado, Omar/B-3406-2008; Venter, Marietjie/H-3032-2011; Palacios, Gustavo/I-7773-2015; Venter, Marietjie/P-9604-2016 OI Palacios, Gustavo/0000-0001-5062-1938; Venter, Marietjie/0000-0003-2696-824X FU NIAID NIH HHS [AI056118, AI51292, AI55466, R01 AI051292, R21 AI055466, R21 AI056118, U54 AI057158, U54AI57158] NR 15 TC 40 Z9 46 U1 0 U2 0 PU CENTER DISEASE CONTROL PI ATLANTA PA ATLANTA, GA 30333 USA SN 1080-6040 J9 EMERG INFECT DIS JI Emerg. Infect. Dis PD APR PY 2006 VL 12 IS 4 BP 692 EP 695 PG 4 WC Immunology; Infectious Diseases SC Immunology; Infectious Diseases GA 028BJ UT WOS:000236460200027 PM 16704825 ER PT J AU Stromberg, JC Lite, SJ Rychener, TJ Levick, LR Dixon, MD Watts, JM AF Stromberg, Juliet C. Lite, Sharon J. Rychener, Tyler J. Levick, Lainie R. Dixon, Mark D. Watts, Joseph M. TI Status of the riparian ecosystem in the upper San Pedro River, Arizona: Application of an assessment model SO ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING AND ASSESSMENT LA English DT Article DE assessment; arid region stream; bioindicator; ecosystem condition; ground water; riparian vegetation; Salix gooddingii ID ECOLOGICAL INTEGRITY; TAMARIX-RAMOSISSIMA; WATER; MANAGEMENT; VEGETATION; IMPACTS; STREAM; FLOWS; TREES; BASIN AB A portion of Arizona's San Pedro River is managed as a National Riparian Conservation Area but is potentially affected by ground-water withdrawals beyond the conservation area borders. We applied an assessment model to the Conservation Area as a basis for monitoring long-term changes in riparian ecosystem condition resulting from changes in river water availability, and collected multi-year data on a subset of the most sensitive bioindicators. The assessment model is based on nine vegetation bioindicators that are sensitive to changes in surface water or ground water. Site index scores allow for placement into one of three condition classes, each reflecting particular ranges for site hydrology and vegetation structure. We collected the bioindicator data at 26 sites distributed among 14 reaches that had similar stream flow hydrology (spatial flow intermittency) and geomorphology (channel sinuosity, flood-plain width). Overall, 39% of the riparian corridor fell within condition class 3 (the wettest condition), 55% in condition class 2, and 6% in the driest condition class. Condition class 3 reaches have high cover of herbaceous wetland plants (e.g., Juncus and Schoenoplectus spp.) along the perennial stream channel and dense, multi-aged Populus-Salix woodlands in the flood plain, sustained by shallow ground water in the stream alluvium. In condition class 2, intermittent stream flows result in low cover of streamside wetland herbs, but Populus-Salix remain abundant in the flood plain. Perennial wetland plants are absent from condition class 1, reflecting highly intermittent stream flows; the flood plain is vegetated by Tamarix, a small tree that tolerates the deep and fluctuating ground water levels that typify this reach type. Abundance of herbaceous wetland plants and growth rate of Salix gooddingii varied between years with different stream flow rates, indicating utility of these measures for tracking short-term responses to hydrologic change. Repeat measurement of all bioindicators will indicate long-term trends in hydro-vegetational condition. C1 Arizona State Univ, Sch Life Sci, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. USDA ARS, SW Watershed Res Ctr, Tucson, AZ 85719 USA. USA, Ctr Res Dev & Engn, Topog Engn Ctr, Alexandria, VA USA. RP Stromberg, JC (reprint author), Arizona State Univ, Sch Life Sci, Tempe, AZ 85287 USA. EM jstrom@asu.edu RI Dixon, Mark/F-2641-2011 OI Dixon, Mark/0000-0002-0345-5655 NR 75 TC 31 Z9 33 U1 3 U2 24 PU SPRINGER PI DORDRECHT PA VAN GODEWIJCKSTRAAT 30, 3311 GZ DORDRECHT, NETHERLANDS SN 0167-6369 J9 ENVIRON MONIT ASSESS JI Environ. Monit. Assess. PD APR PY 2006 VL 115 IS 1-3 BP 145 EP 173 DI 10.1007/s10661-006-6549-1 PG 29 WC Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 062VM UT WOS:000238973500009 PM 16648960 ER PT J AU Gu, YP Li, HZ Miki, J Kim, KH Furusato, B Sesterhenn, IA Chu, WS McLeod, DG Srivastava, S Ewing, CM Isaacs, WB Rhim, JS AF Gu, YP Li, HZ Miki, J Kim, KH Furusato, B Sesterhenn, IA Chu, WS McLeod, DG Srivastava, S Ewing, CM Isaacs, WB Rhim, JS TI Phenotypic characterization of telomerase-immortalized primary non-malignant and malignant tumor-derived human prostate epithelial cell lines SO EXPERIMENTAL CELL RESEARCH LA English DT Article DE telomerase; immortalization; primary prostate tumor cell lines; primary non-malignant prostate cell lines ID SUSCEPTIBILITY LOCUS; ANDROGEN RECEPTOR; CULTURE MODEL; CANCER CELLS; CARCINOMA; CHROMOSOME; EXPRESSION; LNCAP; GENE; ESTABLISHMENT AB In vitro human prostate cell culture models are critical for clarifying the mechanism of prostate cancer progression and for testing preventive and therapeutic agents. Cell lines ideal for the study of human primary prostate tumors would be those derived from spontaneously immortalized tumor cells; unfortunately, explanted primary prostate cells survive only short-term in culture, and rarely immortalize spontaneously. Therefore, we recently have generated five immortal human prostate epithelial cell cultures derived from both the benign and malignant tissues of prostate cancer patients with telomerase, a gene that prevents cellular senescence. Examination of these cell lines for their morphologies and proliferative capacities, their abilities to grow in low serum, to respond to androgen stimulation, to grow above the agar layer, to form tumors in SCID mice, suggests that they may serve as valid, useful tools for the elucidation of early events in prostate tumorigenesis. Furthermore, the chromosome alterations observed in these immortalized cell lines expressing aspects of the malignant phenotypes imply that these cell lines accurately recapitulate the genetic composition of primary tumors. These novel in vitro models may offer unique models for the study of prostate carcinogenesis and also provide the means for testing both chemopreventive and chemotherapeutic agents. C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Ctr Prostate Dis Res, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Johns Hopkins Med Inst, Baltimore, MD 21287 USA. RP Rhim, JS (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Ctr Prostate Dis Res, 4301 Jones Bridge Rd, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. EM jrhim@cpdr.org OI Furusato, Bungo/0000-0003-4614-9882 NR 47 TC 56 Z9 59 U1 2 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER INC PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B STREET, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495, UNITED STATES SN 0014-4827 J9 EXP CELL RES JI Exp. Cell Res. PD APR 1 PY 2006 VL 312 IS 6 BP 831 EP 843 DI 10.1016/j.yexcr.2005.11.029 PG 13 WC Oncology; Cell Biology SC Oncology; Cell Biology GA 028AZ UT WOS:000236459000013 PM 16413016 ER PT J AU Raffel, M Richard, H Ehrenfried, K Van der Wall, B Burley, C Beaumier, P McAlister, K Pengel, K AF Raffel, M Richard, H Ehrenfried, K Van der Wall, B Burley, C Beaumier, P McAlister, K Pengel, K TI Recording and evaluation methods of PIV investigations on a helicopter rotor model (vol 40, pg 665, 2006) SO EXPERIMENTS IN FLUIDS LA English DT Correction C1 DLR, Inst Aerodynam & Stromungstech, Gottingen, Germany. DLR, Inst Flugsystemtech, Braunschweig, Germany. NASA, Langley Res Ctr, Langley, VA USA. Off Natl Etud & Rech Aerosp, Chatillon, France. NASA, Ames Res Ctr, USA, AFDD, Moffett Field, CA 94035 USA. DNW, Large Low Speed Facil LLF, Nordostpolder, Netherlands. RP Raffel, M (reprint author), DLR, Inst Aerodynam & Stromungstech, Gottingen, Germany. EM markus.raffel@dlr.de NR 1 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 6 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0723-4864 J9 EXP FLUIDS JI Exp. Fluids PD APR PY 2006 VL 40 IS 4 BP 665 EP 665 DI 10.1007/s00348-006-0120-2 PG 1 WC Engineering, Mechanical; Mechanics SC Engineering; Mechanics GA 032CT UT WOS:000236752200017 ER PT J AU Feinberg, EC Larsen, FW Catherino, WH Zhang, J Armstrong, AY AF Feinberg, EC Larsen, FW Catherino, WH Zhang, J Armstrong, AY TI Comparison of assisted reproductive technology utilization and outcomes between Caucasian and African American patients in an equal-access-to-care setting SO FERTILITY AND STERILITY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Workshop on Health Disparities in Infertility CY MAR 10-11, 2005 CL Bethesda, MD SP NICHD, Off Behav & Social Sci Res, Off Res Womens Hlth, US Dept HHS, Agcy Healthcare Res & Qual DE racial disparity; leiomyoma; ART outcomes ID IN-VITRO FERTILIZATION; RACIAL DISPARITY; UTERINE LEIOMYOMATA; INFANT-MORTALITY; WOMEN; HYPERTENSION; SUBSEROSAL; ATTITUDES; FIBROIDS; BELIEFS AB Objective: Racial disparity in assisted reproductive technology (ART) outcomes has been reported but remains controversial. Reasons for the disparity are unclear, and access to care has been suggested as a causative factor. In this study, we sought to examine minority utilization of ART in the Department of Defense (DoD) compared with minority utilization in the U.S. ART population. Outcomes from ART were compared between Caucasian (Cau) and African American (AA) patients, and etiologies of dispirity were examined. Design: Retrospective cohort Study. Setting: University-based ART program. Patient(S): A total of 1,457 patients undergoing first-cycle fresh, nondonor ART. Intervention(s): None. Main Outcome Measure(s): Clinical pregnancy rate, live birth rate, implantation rate, spontaneous abortion rate. Result(s): Within the DoD population, AA women had a fourfold increase in utilization of ART services relative to the U.S. ART population. In this equal-access-to-care setting, AA women experienced a clinically significant decrease in live birth rate that did not reach statistical significance (29.6% vs. 35.8%, risk ratio [RR] 0.83. 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.67-1.02) and a statistically significant increase in spontaneous abortions compared with Cau women (25% vs. 15.9%, RR 1.57, 95% CI 1.05-2.36). This might be explained, in part, by a higher prevalence of uterine leiomyomas in AA women (30.8% AA vs. 10.7% Cau, RR 2.85, 95% CI 2.06-3.95). For both AA and Cau women, the presence of fibroids at baseline ultrasound was associated with reductions in clinical pregnancy rates (35% with leiomyomas vs. 43.2% without leiomyomas, RR 0.74, 95% CI 0.51-0.98), live birth rates (26.2% vs. 36.0%. RR 0.63, 95% CI 0.44-0.90), and implantation rates (25.6% vs. 31.1% RR 0.82, 95% CI 0.69-0.98). Conclusion(s): Utilization of ART services among AA women increased when access to care was improved. A clinically significant reduction in live birth rate and statistically significant increase in spontaneous abortion rate was observed in AA women compared with Cau women. Leiomyomas were three times more prevalent in AA women and reduced ART success. regardless of race. The persistence of racial differences in an equal-accessto-care environment might be explained, in part, by the increased prevalence of leiomyomas in AA women. C1 NICHHD, NIH, Reprod Biol & Med Branch, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, NIH, Combined Fed Fellowship Reprod Endocrinol & Infer, Bethesda, MD USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. NICHD, Epidemiol Branch, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Assisted Reprod Technol Program, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Armstrong, AY (reprint author), NICHHD, NIH, Reprod Biol & Med Branch, 10 Ctr Dr MSC 1109,Bldg 10,CRC,1-3140, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. EM armstroa@mail.nih.gov FU Intramural NIH HHS NR 29 TC 69 Z9 71 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0015-0282 J9 FERTIL STERIL JI Fertil. Steril. PD APR PY 2006 VL 85 IS 4 BP 888 EP 894 DI 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2005.10.028 PG 7 WC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology SC Obstetrics & Gynecology; Reproductive Biology GA 032IU UT WOS:000236768900016 PM 16580370 ER PT J AU Freccero, DM Berkowitz, MJ AF Freccero, DM Berkowitz, MJ TI The relationship between tears of the peroneus brevis tendon and the distal extent of its muscle belly: An MR1 study SO FOOT & ANKLE INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article AB Background: Anomalous distal insertion of the peroneus brevis muscle belly has been implicated as a possible etiology of tears of the peroneus brevis tendon. The purpose of this study was to assess whether patients with operatively confirmed tears of the peroneus brevis tendons have a more distally located musculotendinous junction. Methods: A retrospective review was done to identify all patients in whom direct inspection of the peroneal tendons was done between 1999 and 2004. The operative reports were evaluated, and all in whom a peroneal tendon tear was confirmed were included in the study group, Group I (29 patients). Group II represented an operative control group and consisted of all patients who had operative inspection of the peroneal tendons but did not have a tear (30 patients). Group III represented a radiographic control group and consisted of patients who had MRI of the ankle for reasons unrelated to lateral ankle symptoms (30 patients). For each patient, the vertical distance from the musculotendinous junction of the peroneus brevis tendon to the tip of the fibula was measured on sagittal MRI. The role of gender also was examined. The average distance between the musculotendinous junction of the peroneus brevis tendon to the distal fibula was calculated solely for men and women in all three groups. Statistical comparison of the groups was performed using the Mann-Whitney test. Interobserver reliability was determined by calculating Cronbach's Alpha coefficient. Results: The average distance from the musculotendinous junction to the tip of the fibula was 33.1 cm, 41.2 cm, and 46.3 cm in Groups I, II, and III, respectively. The average distance in Group I was statistically significantly lower than the average distance in both Groups II and III (p < 0.05). Interestingly, the difference in the distance between Groups II and III also was statistically significant (p < 0.05). The average distances in both men and women were statistically significantly different (p < 0.05) among the three groups. Conclusion: It has been hypothesized that tears of the peroneus brevis tendon result from distal insertion of the peroneus brevis muscle belly. This study provides radiographic support for this hypothesis. C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. RP Freccero, DM (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, 1 Jarrett White Rd, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. EM dfreccero@aol.com NR 8 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ORTHOPAEDIC FOOT & ANKLE SOC, INC PI SEATTLE PA 2517 EASTLAKE AVE EAST, STE 200, SEATTLE, WA 98102 USA SN 1071-1007 J9 FOOT ANKLE INT JI Foot Ankle Int. PD APR PY 2006 VL 27 IS 4 BP 236 EP 239 PG 4 WC Orthopedics SC Orthopedics GA 029CU UT WOS:000236536600002 PM 16624211 ER PT J AU Gajewski, DA Bumette, JB Murphey, MD Temple, HT AF Gajewski, DA Bumette, JB Murphey, MD Temple, HT TI Differentiating clinical and radiographic features of enchondroma and secondary chondrosarcoma in the foot SO FOOT & ANKLE INTERNATIONAL LA English DT Article DE chondrosarcoma; enchondroma; foot ID BONES; HANDS; FEET; SKELETON AB Background: Enchondroma is the most common benign tumor of the bones of the foot. Chondrosarcoma in this area is relatively rare with malignant transformation from enchondroma occurring rarely. In contrast to similar tumors in the appendicular skeleton, it is difficult to distinguish between these two tumors when they occur in the foot. Methods: We reviewed the medical records and radiographs of all patients with enchondroma and chondrosarcoma arising from enchondroma (secondary chondrosarcoma) from the radiologic archives at the Armed Forces Institute of Pathology (AFIP) and identified those patients with tumors involving the bones of the foot. There were 755 patients with enchondroma of which 34 (4.8%) involved the foot; there were 340 patients with secondary chondrosarcoma and 14 (4.1%) involved the foot. We compared clinical and radiographic features of both these lesions. We also compared interobserver differences not only for diagnosis but also for the presence of scalloping, fracture, cortical destruction, and mineralized matrix. Results: Size and location were statistically significant variables differentiating the two tumors (p = 0.03). Enchondromas had a mean size of 2.7 cm(2). Lesions that occurred in the hindfoot and midfoot were more likely to be malignant compared to those in the forefoot. In comparing interobserver reliability, most disagreement occurred regarding the presence or absence of matrix with the examiners concurring only 51% of the time. With regard to diagnosis, the examiners' accuracy was 71% and 80%. Their accuracy increased only to 83% when they agreed. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that it is difficult to differentiate enchondroma from secondary chondrosarcoma in the foot. Concern for malignant change is warranted for cartilage bone tumors of the foot if they exceed 5 cm(2), or if they arise in the midfoot or hindfoot. In these cases, we recommend either biopsy or close clinical followup. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Orthopaed Surg & Rehabil, Washington, DC 20307 USA. William Beaumont Army Med Ctr, Orthopaed Surg Serv, El Paso, TX USA. Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Dept Radiol Pathol, Washington, DC 20306 USA. Univ Miami, Sch Med, Dept Orthopaed & Rehabil, Miami, FL USA. RP Gajewski, DA (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Orthopaed Surg & Rehabil, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM Donald.gajewski@na.amedd.army.mil NR 14 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ORTHOPAEDIC FOOT & ANKLE SOC, INC PI SEATTLE PA 2517 EASTLAKE AVE EAST, STE 200, SEATTLE, WA 98102 USA SN 1071-1007 J9 FOOT ANKLE INT JI Foot Ankle Int. PD APR PY 2006 VL 27 IS 4 BP 240 EP 244 PG 5 WC Orthopedics SC Orthopedics GA 029CU UT WOS:000236536600003 PM 16624212 ER PT J AU Rex, DK Shaw, M Wong, R AF Rex, DK Shaw, M Wong, R TI Prevalence of Barrett's esophagus SO GASTROENTEROLOGY LA English DT Letter ID ESOPHAGOGASTRIC JUNCTION; INTESTINAL METAPLASIA C1 Indiana Univ, Sch Med, Indianapolis, IN 46223 USA. Pk Nicolette Med Ctr, Minneapolis, MN USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Rex, DK (reprint author), Indiana Univ, Sch Med, Indianapolis, IN 46223 USA. NR 6 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0016-5085 J9 GASTROENTEROLOGY JI Gastroenterology PD APR PY 2006 VL 130 IS 4 BP 1373 EP 1374 DI 10.1053/j.gastro.2006.02.046 PG 2 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 031ZG UT WOS:000236743100048 PM 16618440 ER PT J AU Larson, GJ Lawson, DE Evenson, EB Alley, RB Knudsen, O Lachniet, MS Goetz, SL AF Larson, GJ Lawson, DE Evenson, EB Alley, RB Knudsen, O Lachniet, MS Goetz, SL TI Glaciohydraulic supercooling in former ice sheets? SO GEOMORPHOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 34th Binghamton Geomorphology Symposium CY OCT 03-05, 2003 CL SUNY Binghamton, Binghamton, NY HO SUNY Binghamton DE glaciohydraulic supercooling; ice sheets; glaciers; basal ice; melt-out till; debris-flow deposits ID FREEZE-ON MECHANISM; RICH BASAL ICE; MATANUSKA GLACIER; DEBRIS BANDS; ALASKA; SEDIMENT; USA; ORIGIN; BED; TRANSPORT AB Glaciohydraulic supercooling has been observed at many modem glaciers and has been shown to generate thick zones of debrisladen basal ice which, when exposed to melting, can produce debris-flow and melt-out till deposits, as well as hummocky terrain. Glaciohydraulic supercooling probably occurred in former continental ice sheets, especially where ice flowed out of deep basins, or up steep slopes. Evidence to support glaciohydraulic supercooling in former ice sheets, however, is limited but may include sedimentary sequences of melt-out till and debris-flow deposits and hummocky terrain along the distal rim of overdeepenings and crests of adverse bed slopes. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Michigan State Univ, Dept Geol Sci, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Geophys Sci Div, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. Lehigh Univ, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA. Penn State Univ, Ctr Earth Syst Sci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. Commercial Coll Iceland, IS-103 Ofanleiti, Iceland. Univ Nevada, Dept Geosci, Las Vegas, NV 89154 USA. Cent Michigan Univ, Dept Geol, Mt Pleasant, MI 48859 USA. RP Larson, GJ (reprint author), Michigan State Univ, Dept Geol Sci, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. EM larsong@msu.edu OI Lachniet, Matthew/0000-0001-5250-0144 NR 59 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 5 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-555X J9 GEOMORPHOLOGY JI Geomorphology PD APR PY 2006 VL 75 IS 1-2 SI SI BP 20 EP 32 DI 10.1016/j.geomorph.2004.12.009 PG 13 WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Physical Geography; Geology GA 037SE UT WOS:000237166500003 ER PT J AU Alley, RB Dupont, TK Parizek, BR Anandakrishnan, S Lawson, DE Larson, GJ Evenson, EB AF Alley, RB Dupont, TK Parizek, BR Anandakrishnan, S Lawson, DE Larson, GJ Evenson, EB TI Outburst flooding and the initiation of ice-stream surges in response to climatic cooling: A hypothesis SO GEOMORPHOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 34th Binghamton Geomorphology Symposium CY OCT 03-05, 2003 CL SUNY Binghamton, Binghamton, NY HO SUNY Binghamton DE Heinrich events; Jokulhlaups; ice sheets; ice shelves ID FREEZE-ON MECHANISM; RICH BASAL ICE; WEST ANTARCTICA; HEINRICH EVENTS; LABRADOR SEA; THERMAL EVOLUTION; SUBGLACIAL LAKES; EAST ANTARCTICA; GLACIER; SHEET AB Outburst flooding from subglacial reservoirs and associated surging of ice-streams are caused by processes following climatic cooling that produce ice-shelf grounding on proglacial sills trapping subglacial water, according to an hypothesis presented here. Glaciers often advance into proglacial water bodies. Cooling may allow ice-shelf formation and advance causing grounding on a proglacial sill, trapping subglacial water. Ice-shelf freeze-on to the sill and development of a local reversal in ice-air surface slope over the sill then are likely, allowing ice thickening and water overpressurization. If basal thawing then occurs, as is likely, an outburst flood and a surge may be triggered. These processes may have been involved in Heinrich events, generation of Antarctic subglacial lakes, and meltwater scouring of some regions. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Penn State Univ, Dept Geosci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. Penn State Univ, EMS Environm Inst, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. Michigan State Univ, Dept Geol Sci, E Lansing, MI 48824 USA. Lehigh Univ, Dept Earth & Environm Sci, Bethlehem, PA 18015 USA. RP Alley, RB (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Dept Geosci, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM rba6@psu.edu NR 72 TC 38 Z9 38 U1 0 U2 17 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-555X EI 1872-695X J9 GEOMORPHOLOGY JI Geomorphology PD APR PY 2006 VL 75 IS 1-2 SI SI BP 76 EP 89 DI 10.1016/j.geomorph.2004.01.011 PG 14 WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Physical Geography; Geology GA 037SE UT WOS:000237166500006 ER PT J AU Fleisher, PJ Lachmet, MS Muller, EH Bailey, PK AF Fleisher, PJ Lachmet, MS Muller, EH Bailey, PK TI Subglacial deformation of trees within overridden foreland strata, Bering Glacier, Alaska SO GEOMORPHOLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 34th Binghamton Geomorphology Symposium CY OCT 03-05, 2003 CL SUNY Binghamton, Binghamton, NY HO SUNY Binghamton DE substrate deformation; overriding glacial ice ID HISTORY; SURGE; TILL; USA AB The foreland stratigraphy overridden during recent Bering Glacier surges bears evidence of subglacial deformation. The preexisting, fine textured substrate (till and diamicton) experienced diminished strength because of saturation, thus resulting in shallow mobilization and the formation of a new till of limited thickness. Glacial coupling The foreland stratigraphy overridden during recent Bering Glacier surges bears evidence of subglacial deformation. The preexisting, fine textured substrate (till and diamicton) experienced diminished strength because of saturation, thus resulting in shallow mobilization and the formation of a new till of limited thickness. Glacial coupling with well drained sediment resulted in ploughing that generated a diamicton that retains vestiges of outwash sorting and stratification. The outwash sequence extending decimeters beneath the surface till contains four prominent sub-meter sand beds. Each sand bed holds multiple small, fossil trees still rooted in underlying layers of gravel. Virtually all trees in the upper two sand beds are deformed. Several are offset by centimeter to decimeter horizontal shears confined to thin, silt, and clay-rich zones at the base of each sand bed. Trees that escaped shearing are warped and kinked. Deformed trees are present at depths that range from 15.76 to 5.31 m. beneath potential ice/substrate interface surfaces. The most likely source of deforming stress in this foreland setting is related to glacial advance. The style and orientation of tree deformation are consistent with the direction of ice movement. Therefore, the occurrence of deformed trees is attributed to stress applied by overriding ice. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V All rights reserved. C1 SUNY Coll Oneonta, Dept Earth Sci, Oneonta, NY 13820 USA. Univ Nevada, Dept Geosci, Las Vegas, NV 89154 USA. Syracuse Univ, Dept Earth Sci, Syracuse, NY 13210 USA. CRREL, Anchor Point, AK 99556 USA. Prince William Sound Sci Ctr, Cordova, AK 99574 USA. RP Fleisher, PJ (reprint author), SUNY Coll Oneonta, Dept Earth Sci, Oneonta, NY 13820 USA. EM fleishpj@oneonta.edu OI Lachniet, Matthew/0000-0001-5250-0144 NR 23 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0169-555X J9 GEOMORPHOLOGY JI Geomorphology PD APR PY 2006 VL 75 IS 1-2 SI SI BP 201 EP 211 DI 10.1016/j.geomorph.2005.01.013 PG 11 WC Geography, Physical; Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Physical Geography; Geology GA 037SE UT WOS:000237166500013 ER PT J AU Tape, K Sturm, M Racine, C AF Tape, K Sturm, M Racine, C TI The evidence for shrub expansion in Northern Alaska and the Pan-Arctic SO GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE arctic; climate change; greening; shrubs; tundra ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; TUNDRA ECOSYSTEMS; VEGETATION INDEX; DISTURBANCE; RESPONSES; TERM; VARIABILITY; DYNAMICS; HISTORY; BALANCE AB One expected response to climate warming in the Arctic is an increase in the abundance and extent of shrubs in tundra areas. Repeat photography shows that there has been an increase in shrub cover over the past 50 years in northern Alaska. Using 202 pairs of old and new oblique aerial photographs, we have found that across this region spanning 620 km east to west and 350 km north to south, alder, willow, and dwarf birch have been increasing, with the change most easily detected on hill slopes and valley bottoms. Plot and remote sensing studies from the same region using the normalized difference vegetation index are consistent with the photographic results and indicate that the smaller shrubs between valleys are also increasing. In Canada, Scandinavia, and parts of Russia, there is both plot and remote sensing evidence for shrub expansion. Combined with the Alaskan results, the evidence suggests that a pan-Arctic vegetation transition is underway. If continued, this transition will alter the fundamental architecture and function of this ecosystem with important ramifications for the climate, the biota, and humans. C1 Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Geophys, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. USA, CRREL Alaska Ft, Wainwright, AK 99703 USA. USA CRREL, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Tape, K (reprint author), Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Inst Geophys, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. NR 60 TC 514 Z9 536 U1 32 U2 238 PU BLACKWELL PUBLISHING PI OXFORD PA 9600 GARSINGTON RD, OXFORD OX4 2DQ, OXON, ENGLAND SN 1354-1013 J9 GLOBAL CHANGE BIOL JI Glob. Change Biol. PD APR PY 2006 VL 12 IS 4 BP 686 EP 702 DI 10.1111/j.1365-2486.2006.01128.x PG 17 WC Biodiversity Conservation; Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Biodiversity & Conservation; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 029GT UT WOS:000236549600008 ER PT J AU Stany, MP Bidus, MA Reed, EJ Kaplan, KJ McHale, MT Rose, GS Elkas, JC AF Stany, MP Bidus, MA Reed, EJ Kaplan, KJ McHale, MT Rose, GS Elkas, JC TI The prevalence of HR-HPV DNA in ASC-US pap smears: A military population study SO GYNECOLOGIC ONCOLOGY LA English DT Article DE Human Papillomavirus (HPV); atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASCUS); squamous intraepithelial lesion (SIL); pap smear; liquid-based cytology ID ATYPICAL SQUAMOUS-CELLS; UNDETERMINED SIGNIFICANCE; LSIL TRIAGE; PARTICIPANTS; STRATEGIES; WOMEN; ALTS AB Objective. To determine the prevalence of HR-HPV DNA in ASC-US Pap smears following implementation of the Bethesda 2001 classification system. Methods. A computer database of Pap smears obtained within Department of the Army medical facilities was queried for the study period August 2002 to June 2004. All ASC-US Pap smears that underwent reflex testing for HR-HPV DNA were included. Additional clinical and demographic data were obtained from facilities within the US northeast region to evaluate the differences in ASC-US and SIL rates between the current and former Bethesda classification systems. Results. 550,000 Pap smears were collected during the study period. The HR-HPV prevalence was 40.8% (95% confidence interval [CI] = 40.3 to 41.3) among 40,870 patients with ASC-US Pap smears. Within the northeast region, the HR-HPV prevalence in ASC-US Pap smears decreased from 61.2% (95% CI = 57.4 to 64.8%) in patients 18-22 years old to 24.9% (95% CI = 23.1 to 26.8%) in patients age 29 and older. When comparing the two classification systems, significant increases in both ASC-H and SIL and decreases in ASC-US were appreciated after the institution of Bethesda system 2001. Conclusion. In our large, diverse cohort, the implementation of the Bethesda 11 system has resulted in a decrease in ASC-US Pap smear results. Additionally, the prevalence of HR-HPV in the ASC-US population was 40.8%, significantly lower than the rate noted in the ALTS trial under the Bethesda I classification system. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Div Gynecol Oncol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Pathol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Naval Hosp San Diego, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Div Gynecol Oncol, San Diego, CA 92134 USA. RP Elkas, JC (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Obstet & Gynecol, Div Gynecol Oncol, Bldg 2,6900 Georgia Ave NW, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM john.elkas@na.amedd.army.mil NR 9 TC 13 Z9 15 U1 0 U2 0 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0090-8258 J9 GYNECOL ONCOL JI Gynecol. Oncol. PD APR PY 2006 VL 101 IS 1 BP 82 EP 85 DI 10.1016/j.ygyno.2005.09.050 PG 4 WC Oncology; Obstetrics & Gynecology SC Oncology; Obstetrics & Gynecology GA 028KN UT WOS:000236486400013 PM 16290002 ER PT J AU Kwon, H Nasrabadi, NM AF Kwon, H Nasrabadi, NM TI Kernel adaptive subspace detector for hyperspectral imagery SO IEEE GEOSCIENCE AND REMOTE SENSING LETTERS LA English DT Article DE kernel-based machine learning; kernel subspace; subspace detectors; subspace matched filters; target detection ID SUPPORT VECTOR MACHINES AB In this letter, we present a kernel-based nonlinear version of the adaptive subspace detector (ASD) that implicitly detects signals of interest in a high-dimensional (possibly infinite) feature space associated with a particular nonlinear mapping. In order to address the high dimensionality of the feature space, ASD is first implicitly formulated in the feature space, which is then converted into an expression in terms of kernel functions via the kernel trick property of the Mercer kernels. Experimental results based on simulated data and real hyperspectral imagery show that the proposed kernel-based ASD outperforms the conventional ASD and a nonlinear anomaly detector so called the kernel RX-algorithm. C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Kwon, H (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM hkwon@arl.army.mil; nnasraba@arl.army.mil NR 20 TC 4 Z9 7 U1 1 U2 5 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 1545-598X J9 IEEE GEOSCI REMOTE S JI IEEE Geosci. Remote Sens. Lett. PD APR PY 2006 VL 3 IS 2 BP 271 EP 275 DI 10.1109/LGRS.2006.869985 PG 5 WC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology SC Geochemistry & Geophysics; Engineering; Remote Sensing; Imaging Science & Photographic Technology GA 038HO UT WOS:000237210200019 ER PT J AU Xu, ZY Sadler, BM AF Xu, ZY Sadler, BM TI Multiuser transmitted reference ultra-wideband communication systems SO IEEE JOURNAL ON SELECTED AREAS IN COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 6th IEEE Workshop on Signal Processing Advances in Wireless Communications CY JUN 05-08, 2005 CL Columbia Univ, Italian Acad Advance Studies Amer, New York, NY SP IEEE Signal Proc Soc HO Columbia Univ, Italian Acad Advance Studies Amer DE interpulse interference; multiple access; multiuser transmitted reference (MTR); ultra-wideband (UWB) ID MULTIPLE-ACCESS COMMUNICATIONS; CHANNEL ESTIMATION; IMPULSE RADIO; UWB; PERFORMANCE AB A conventional transmitted reference (TR) modulation scheme is an effective means to combat severe multipath distortion in an ultra-wideband (UWB) system, significantly relaxing the equalization requirements. However, it suffers from multiple-access interference and a data rate loss. In this paper, we propose a multiuser TR scheme to extend TR modulation to the multiuser case, while almost doubling the data rate by allowing arbitrarily small spacing of pulse pairs. The proposed scheme assigns a pair of pseudorandom sequences to each user to enable multiple access, modulating the amplitude of data and reference pulses, respectively. A waveform template is first estimated, followed by data demodulation. A time-hopping code can be employed to further minimize the effect of signal collisions. The method is appropriate for both pulse amplitude modulation and pulse position modulation. Waveform estimation and bit-error rate analysis are provided, and confirmed with simulations. Substantial detection improvements over conventional TR detectors are observed. C1 Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Elect Engn, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. USA, Res Lab, AMSRD,CN, ARL,CI, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Xu, ZY (reprint author), Univ Calif Riverside, Dept Elect Engn, Riverside, CA 92521 USA. EM dxu@ee.ucr.edu; bsadler@arl.army.mil NR 27 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0733-8716 J9 IEEE J SEL AREA COMM JI IEEE J. Sel. Areas Commun. PD APR PY 2006 VL 24 IS 4 BP 766 EP 772 DI 10.1109/JSAC.2005.863826 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA 032LM UT WOS:000236775900009 ER PT J AU Onunkwo, U Li, Y Swami, A AF Onunkwo, U Li, Y Swami, A TI Effect of timing jitter on OFDM-based UWB systems SO IEEE JOURNAL ON SELECTED AREAS IN COMMUNICATIONS LA English DT Article DE interchannel interference (ICI) bounds; ICI; orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM)-based UWB; timing jitter ID PERFORMANCE AB Nonideal sampling clocks in orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM)-based ultra-wideband (UWB) systems introduce random timing jitter, which results in interchannel interference (ICI) and degrades the system performance. In this paper, we investigate the impact of timing jitter on OFDM-based UWB systems. We first derive. an exact expression for the ICI power due to timing jitter. From the exact ICI power expression, we then develop various bounds on the ICI power under different situations. When timing jitters at different samples are independent, we obtain tight upper and lower bounds. When timing jitters at different samples are dependent, the ICI powers are different at different subcarriers and a universal upper bound for the ICI power is derived in this case. Compared with the exact expression for the ICI power, the developed bounds are easy to evaluate and provide insights. Their accuracy is confirmed by numerical examples. We also discuss the potential and the limitations of using oversampling to reduce the ICI power at the end. C1 Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Onunkwo, U (reprint author), Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Elect & Comp Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. EM uonunkwo@ece.gatech.edu; liye@ece.gatech.edu; a.swami@ieee.org NR 16 TC 21 Z9 21 U1 0 U2 0 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0733-8716 J9 IEEE J SEL AREA COMM JI IEEE J. Sel. Areas Commun. PD APR PY 2006 VL 24 IS 4 BP 787 EP 793 DI 10.1109/JSAC.2005.863830 PG 7 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA 032LM UT WOS:000236775900012 ER PT J AU Whitman, GM Pinthong, C Triolo, AA Schwering, FK AF Whitman, GM Pinthong, C Triolo, AA Schwering, FK TI An approximate but accurate analysis of the dielectric wedge antenna fed by a slab waveguide using the local mode theory and Schelkunoff equivalence principle SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION LA English DT Article DE dielectric antenna; dielectric rod antenna; dielectric wedge; local mode theory; mode matching ID TAPERS AB A computationally efficient method to obtain design parameters for tapered radiators is presented. The method uses a local mode theory in conjunction with the Schelkunoff equivalence principle. Radiation patterns of directive gain for dielectric wedge antennas of varying lengths and different dielectric constants are presented. Both the TE and TM cases are considered. The method is validated by comparison with data obtained from a recently developed more rigorous mode-matching method. Excellent agreement is obtained over the physically important angular range from endfire to broadside for the TE case and over the angular range spanned by the major lobe for the TM case. C1 Polytech Univ, New Jersey Inst Technol, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Newark, NJ 07102 USA. Telcordia Technol Inc, Adv Wireless Signal Proc Dept, Red Bank, NJ 07701 USA. USA, CECOM, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07702 USA. RP Whitman, GM (reprint author), Polytech Univ, New Jersey Inst Technol, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Newark, NJ 07102 USA. EM whitman@njit.edu NR 21 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 1 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0018-926X J9 IEEE T ANTENN PROPAG JI IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag. PD APR PY 2006 VL 54 IS 4 BP 1111 EP 1121 DI 10.1109/TAP.2006.872653 PG 11 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA 032AC UT WOS:000236745300008 ER PT J AU Huang, XY Chen, BQ Cui, HL Stamnes, JJ Pastore, R Farwell, M Chin, W Ross, J AF Huang, XY Chen, BQ Cui, HL Stamnes, JJ Pastore, R Farwell, M Chin, W Ross, J TI Radio-propagation model based on the combined method of ray tracing and diffraction SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION LA English DT Article DE diffraction; ray tracing; elliptic cylinder; radio wave propagation; scattering ID ELLIPTIC CYLINDER; WAVE-PROPAGATION; SCATTERING; ATTENUATION AB In this paper, we consider UHF radio wave propagation in vegetated residential environments. The attenuating effects of trees as well as those due to diffraction over the buildings are investigated. A new radio wave propagation prediction model based on the combined method of ray tracing and diffraction (CMRTD) is proposed. A row of trees is modeled as a two-dimensional (2-D) cylinder. It is then represented by an equivalent phase object (EPO); a row of buildings is replaced by an absorbing screen. The position and size of the EPO as well as the amplitude and phase distributions of the input field at the EPO are determined by ray tracing. Next the scattered field is computed by the Kirchhoff diffraction theory. Among the numerical results are those of the scattering from a row of trees with circular or elliptic canopies and the scattering from a row of trees/buildings configuration. The calculations treat both plane- and cylindrical-incident waves. By comparing the results with those obtained from the exact eigenfunction expansion method, we show that the CMRTD is an accurate and efficient method to calculate the scattering from a 2-D cylinder. Moreover, the range of the validity of using the CMRTD to model the scattering from one row of trees is determined. C1 Stevens Inst Technol, Dept Phys & Engn Phys, Hoboken, NJ 07030 USA. Univ Bergen, Dept Phys & Technol, N-5007 Bergen, Norway. USA, RDECOM, CERDEC, Ft Monmouth, NJ 07703 USA. RP Huang, XY (reprint author), Stevens Inst Technol, Dept Phys & Engn Phys, Hoboken, NJ 07030 USA. NR 25 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 2 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855-4141 USA SN 0018-926X J9 IEEE T ANTENN PROPAG JI IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag. PD APR PY 2006 VL 54 IS 4 BP 1284 EP 1291 DI 10.1109/TAP.2006.872593 PG 8 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Telecommunications SC Engineering; Telecommunications GA 032AC UT WOS:000236745300027 ER PT J AU Hoyos, S Sadler, BM AF Hoyos, S Sadler, BM TI Frequency-domain implementation of the transmitted-reference ultra-wideband receiver SO IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MICROWAVE THEORY AND TECHNIQUES LA English DT Article DE all-digital receivers; analog-to-digital (A/D) conversion in the frequency domain; broadband wireless communications; transmitted-reference (TR) communication systems; ultrawideband (UWB) communications ID SIGMA-DELTA-MODULATION; TO-DIGITAL CONVERSION; PERFORMANCE; EXPANSION AB This paper presents a mixed-signal frequency-domain implementation of the autocorrelation receiver used in the detection of ultra-wideband communication signals that are modulated with transmitted-reference signaling. The digital receiver architecture is based on samples provided by an analog-to-digital converter (ADC) in the frequency domain. Among the advantages of the new receiver are the relaxation of the conversion speed achieved by the inherent parallel architecture of the frequency-domain ADC and the flexibility and simplicity of an all-digital receiver architecture that follows the mixed-signal ADC radio front-end. The paper provides the symbol detection formulas and the corresponding system implementation and makes comparisons with the conventional time-domain implementations. Additionally, a time synchronization technique for the new receiver structure is proposed, which makes the receiver insensitive to any time offset at the pulse level. Furthermore, as a particular case of great practical interest, we consider a single bit for the ADC implementation, and we show with experimental results that the resultant frequency-domain mono-bit digital receiver provides a performance gain that increases with the number of frequency samples, when compared with its time-domain counterpart. C1 Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Berkeley Wireless Res Ctr, Berkeley, CA 94704 USA. AMSRD ARL CI CN, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Hoyos, S (reprint author), Univ Calif Berkeley, Dept Elect Engn & Comp Sci, Berkeley Wireless Res Ctr, Berkeley, CA 94704 USA. EM hoyos@eecs.berkeley.edu; bsadler@arl.army.mil NR 28 TC 7 Z9 8 U1 0 U2 3 PU IEEE-INST ELECTRICAL ELECTRONICS ENGINEERS INC PI PISCATAWAY PA 445 HOES LANE, PISCATAWAY, NJ 08855 USA SN 0018-9480 J9 IEEE T MICROW THEORY JI IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech. PD APR PY 2006 VL 54 IS 4 BP 1745 EP 1753 DI 10.1109/TMTT.2006.872037 PN 2 PG 9 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic SC Engineering GA 035NZ UT WOS:000237009500014 ER PT J AU Hawley, JS Hospenthal, DR AF Hawley, JS Hospenthal, DR TI Fungal infections of the CNS - Part 2: Brain abscess SO INFECTIONS IN MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE brain abscess; CNS infection; mycoses; fungal infection ID CENTRAL-NERVOUS-SYSTEM; INVASIVE ASPERGILLOSIS; VORICONAZOLE C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, F Edward Hebert Sch Med, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Brooke Army Med Ctr, Infect Dis Serv, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Hawley, JS (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 9 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SCP COMMUNICATIONS INC PI NEW YORK PA 134 W 29TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10001-5304 USA SN 0749-6524 J9 INFECT MED JI Infect. Med. PD APR PY 2006 VL 23 IS 4 BP 185 EP 188 PG 4 WC Infectious Diseases SC Infectious Diseases GA 034HW UT WOS:000236920900013 ER PT J AU McWilliams, B Zavaliangos, A Cho, KC Dowding, RJ AF McWilliams, B Zavaliangos, A Cho, KC Dowding, RJ TI The modeling of electric-current-assisted sintering to produce bulk nanocrystalline tungsten SO JOM LA English DT Article ID GRAIN-GROWTH; POWDER; DENSIFICATION; CERAMICS; FIELD; CONSOLIDATION; FABRICATION; NANOPOWDER; COMPACTION; BEHAVIOR AB Nanocrystalline tungsten has the potential to have superior strength and hardness properties versus conventional tungsten. While tungsten nanopowders are becoming more commonly available, processing through conventional press and sinter techniques induce Unacceptable grain growth. As an alternative, electric-current-assisted sintering (commercially known as SPS or PPC) allows extremely high heating rates (> 1,000 degrees C/min.) to be achieved which accelerates the consolidation process and preserves the nanocrystalline structure of the material. The high heating rates can., however lead to non-uniform density and compromised properties. This work employs numerical simulations of the process as a means to understand and reduce these gradients and optimize the process. C1 Drexel Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. USA, Res Lab, Weapons Mat Res Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP McWilliams, B (reprint author), Drexel Univ, Dept Mat Sci & Engn, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. EM azavalia@drexel.edu RI Zavaliangos, Antonios/B-6238-2012; Dowding, Robert/F-1469-2015 OI Dowding, Robert/0000-0002-4763-2131 NR 35 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 14 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 1047-4838 J9 JOM-US JI JOM PD APR PY 2006 VL 58 IS 4 BP 67 EP 71 DI 10.1007/s11837-006-0218-2 PG 5 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing SC Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering; Mineralogy; Mining & Mineral Processing GA 033CT UT WOS:000236824700010 ER PT J AU Viriyabanthorn, N Stacer, RG Mead, JL Sung, CM Schreuder-Gibson, H Gibson, P AF Viriyabanthorn, N Stacer, RG Mead, JL Sung, CM Schreuder-Gibson, H Gibson, P TI Breathable butyl rubber membranes formed by electrospinning SO JOURNAL OF ADVANCED MATERIALS LA English DT Article ID NANOFIBERS; MORPHOLOGY; FIBERS AB Electrospinning is a technique used to produce a fibrous membrane with controlled porosity and surface area. The development of breathable butyl rubber membranes using an electrospinning process is reported. These materials can be used as selectively permeable membranes for applications requiring high elongation (stretch). Specifically, these membranes allow moisture vapor transport, while maintaining a barrier against liquid water. Data are presented to show the ability to adjust and control air flow through these butyl rubber membranes and membrane structural effects on water vapor permeation. Improvements of air and water transport properties from electrospinning compared to conventional dipping methods resulted from the porous nature of the membrane. Fiber morphology of the micro-porous elastomeric membranes is discussed as a function of solution viscosity. Mechanical properties, in addition to various transport properties, are compared to a butyl rubber reference material and expanded poly(tetraflouroethylene) (PTFE) film. The properties can be explained by density and fiber morphology of membranes. The results demonstrate the effectiveness of thermoset elastomeric materials for flexible, selectively permeable membranes. C1 Univ Massachusetts, Dept Plast Engn, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. Univ Massachusetts, Dept Chem Engn, Lowell, MA USA. USA, Mat Sci Team, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Viriyabanthorn, N (reprint author), Univ Massachusetts, Dept Plast Engn, Lowell, MA 01854 USA. RI Gibson, Phillip/D-2398-2010 OI Gibson, Phillip/0000-0002-6172-4438 NR 23 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 13 PU SAMPE PUBLISHERS PI COVINA PA 1161 PARKVIEW DRIVE, COVINA, CA 91722 USA SN 1070-9789 J9 J ADV MATER-COVINA JI J. Adv. Mater. PD APR PY 2006 VL 38 IS 2 BP 40 EP 47 PG 8 WC Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Materials Science GA 046MV UT WOS:000237816600006 ER PT J AU Atkins, JL Day, BW Handrigan, MT Zhang, Z Pamnani, MB Gorbunov, NV AF Atkins, JL Day, BW Handrigan, MT Zhang, Z Pamnani, MB Gorbunov, NV TI Brisk production of nitric oxide and associated formation of S-nitrosothiols in early hemorrhage SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE blood cells; shock; physiology ID VASCULAR SMOOTH-MUSCLE; RED-BLOOD-CELLS; INFLAMMATORY RESPONSE; COPPER PROTEINS; LUNG INJURY; RAT MODEL; IN-VIVO; SHOCK; SYNTHASE; RESUSCITATION AB The results of previous inhibitor studies suggest that there is some increase in nitric oxide (NO) production from constitutive NO synthase in early hemorrhage (H), but the magnitude of NO production early after H has not been previously assessed. It is generally believed that only modest production rates are possible from the constitutively expressed NO synthases. To study this, anesthetized male Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to 90 min of isobaric (40 mmHg) H. During this period of time, the dynamics of accumulation of NO intermediates in the arterial blood was assessed using electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy, chemiluminescence, fluorescence imaging, and mass spectrometry. Electron paramagnetic resonance-detectable NO adducts were also measured with spin traps in blood plasma and red blood cells. H led to an increase in the concentration of hemoglobin-NO from 0.9 +/- 0.2 to 4.8 +/- 0.7 mu M. This accumulation was attenuated by a nonselective inhibitor of NO synthase, N(G)-nitro-Larginine-methyl ester (L-NAME), but not by N(G)-nitro-D-arginine-methyl ester (D-NAME) or 1400W. Administration of L-NAME (but not 1400W or D-NAME) during H produced a short-term increase in mean arterial pressure (similar to 90%). In H, the level of N oxides in red blood cells increased sevenfold. S-nitrosylation of plasma proteins was revealed with "biotin switch" techniques. The results provide compelling evidence that there is brisk production of NO in early H. The results indicate that the initial compensatory response to H is more complicated than previously realized, and it involves an orchestrated balance between intense vasoconstrictor and vasodilatory components. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Mil Casualty Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Univ Pittsburgh, Dept Pharmaceut Sci, Pittsburgh, PA USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Dept Biochem & Physiol, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. RP Atkins, JL (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Mil Casualty Res, Bldg 503,Rm 1N80,503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM james.atkins@na.amedd.army.mil RI Atkins, James/B-3577-2011 NR 70 TC 13 Z9 14 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 8750-7587 J9 J APPL PHYSIOL JI J. Appl. Physiol. PD APR PY 2006 VL 100 IS 4 BP 1267 EP 1277 DI 10.1152/japplphysiol.01059.2005 PG 11 WC Physiology; Sport Sciences SC Physiology; Sport Sciences GA 033NF UT WOS:000236854500026 PM 16339342 ER PT J AU Leon, LR Blaha, MD DuBose, DA AF Leon, LR Blaha, MD DuBose, DA TI Time course of cytokine, corticosterone, and tissue injury responses in mice during heat strain recovery SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Article DE heatstroke; hypothermia; fever; systemic inflammatory response ID INDUCED HYPOGLYCEMIA; IN-VIVO; STROKE; HYPOTHERMIA; HEATSTROKE; HYPERTHERMIA; INTERLEUKIN-1-ALPHA; ENDOTOXEMIA; MECHANISMS; STRESS AB Elevated circulating cytokines are observed in heatstroke patients, suggesting a role for these substances in the pathophysiological responses of this syndrome. Typically, cytokines are determined at end-stage heatstroke such that changes throughout progression of the syndrome are poorly understood. We hypothesized that the cytokine milieu changes during heatstroke progression, correlating with thermoregulatory, hemodynamic, and tissue injury responses to heat exposure in the mouse. We determined plasma IL-1 alpha, IL-1 beta, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12p40, IL-12p70, IFN-gamma, macrophage inflammatory protein-1 alpha, TNF-alpha, corticosterone, glucose, hematocrit, and tissue injury during 24 h of recovery. Mice were exposed to ambient temperature of 39.5 +/- 0.2 degrees C, without food and water, until maximum core temperature (T-c,T-Max) of 42.7 degrees C was attained. During recovery, mice displayed hypothermia (29.3 +/- 0.4 C) and a feverlike elevation at 24 h (control = 36.2 +/- 0.3 degrees C vs. heat stressed = 37.8 +/- 0.3 degrees C). Dehydration (similar to 10%) and hypoglycemia (similar to 65-75% reduction) occurred from T-c,T-Max to hypothermia. IL-1 alpha, IL-2, IL-4, IL-12p70, IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha, and macrophage inflammatory protein-1 alpha were undetectable. IL-12p40 was elevated at T-c,T-Max, whereas IL-1 alpha, IL-6, and IL-10 inversely correlated with core temperature, showing maximum production at hypothermia. IL-6 was elevated, whereas IL-12p40 levels were decreased below baseline at 24 h. Corticosterone positively correlated with IL-6, increasing from T-c,T-Max to hypothermia, with recovery to baseline by 24 h. Tissue lesions were observed in duodenum, spleen, and kidney at T-c,T-Max, hypothermia, and 24 h, respectively. These data suggest that the cytokine milieu changes during heat strain recovery with similarities between findings in mice and those described for human heatstroke, supporting the application of our model to the study of cytokine responses in vivo. C1 USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Thermal & Mt Med Div, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Leon, LR (reprint author), USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Thermal & Mt Med Div, Kansas St,Bldg 42, Natick, MA 01760 USA. EM lisa.leon@na.amedd.army.mil NR 33 TC 79 Z9 104 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 8750-7587 J9 J APPL PHYSIOL JI J. Appl. Physiol. PD APR PY 2006 VL 100 IS 4 BP 1400 EP 1409 DI 10.1152/japppphysiol.01040.2005 PG 10 WC Physiology; Sport Sciences SC Physiology; Sport Sciences GA 033NF UT WOS:000236854500042 PM 16239608 ER PT J AU Smith, SA Montain, SJ AF Smith, SA Montain, SJ TI Light source-detector spacing of near-infrared-based tissue oximeters and the influence of skin blood flow - Reply SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSIOLOGY LA English DT Letter ID HUMAN SKELETAL-MUSCLE; MITOCHONDRIAL RESPIRATION; CREATINE; EXERCISE C1 Drexel Univ, Coll Nursing & Hlth Profess, Hlth Sci Programs, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. USA, Environm Med Res Inst, Natick, MA 01760 USA. RP Smith, SA (reprint author), Drexel Univ, Coll Nursing & Hlth Profess, Hlth Sci Programs, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. EM sas86@drexel.edu; scott.montain@us.army.mil NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER PHYSIOLOGICAL SOC PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 8750-7587 J9 J APPL PHYSIOL JI J. Appl. Physiol. PD APR PY 2006 VL 100 IS 4 BP 1429 EP 1430 PG 2 WC Physiology; Sport Sciences SC Physiology; Sport Sciences GA 033NF UT WOS:000236854500064 ER PT J AU Johnson, KB Pearce, FJ Jeffreys, N McJames, SW Cluff, M AF Johnson, KB Pearce, FJ Jeffreys, N McJames, SW Cluff, M TI Impact of vasopressin on hemodynamic and metabolic function in the decompensatory phase of hemorrhagic shock SO JOURNAL OF CARDIOTHORACIC AND VASCULAR ANESTHESIA LA English DT Article DE hemorrhagic shock; arginine vasopressin; resuscitation ID ARGININE-VASOPRESSIN; IMPROVES SURVIVAL; HYPOVOLEMIC SHOCK; LIVER TRAUMA; NITRIC-OXIDE; BLOOD-FLOW; MODEL; RESUSCITATION; EPINEPHRINE; HYPOTENSION AB Objectives: To explore how the potent vasoconstrictive features of vasopressin impact the rate of cardiovascular collapse and metabolic derangements associated with prolonged hemorrhagic shock. Design: A prospective randomized trial. Setting: University hospital-based animal laboratory. Participants: Sixteen swine. Interventions: Swine were bled in an isobaric fashion to achieve a linear decrease in the mean arterial blood pressure to 40 mmHg. The mean arterial blood pressure was then maintained at 40 mmHg until the onset of cardiovascular decompensation, defined as the need to reinfuse shed blood to maintain the blood pressure at 40 mmHg. Once at the onset of cardiovascular decompensation, animals were randomly assigned to 2 resuscitation groups: the crystalloid group received lactated Ringer's solution and the vasopressin group received lactated Ringer's solution and arginine vasopressin. Resuscitation consisted of infusing lactated Ringer's solution with and without vasopressin (0.05 U/kg/ min) to maintain a blood pressure of 70 mmHg for 60 minutes. Measurements and Main Results: The rate of crystalloid infusion was compared between groups using an unpaired 2-tailed ttest. Metabolic and hemodynamic parameters between groups over time were compared with a repeated measures analysis of variance. Vasopressin decreased the rate of crystalloid infusion during resuscitation by 50%. During resuscitation, the cardiac index in the crystalloid group was restored to near baseline levels and was decreased to near half of baseline levels in the vasopressin group. Animals in the vasopressin group developed a lactic acidemia, but animals in the crystalloid group revealed no change from baseline in the arterial pH and a slight decrease in the plasma lactate. Conclusions: Administration of vasopressin used as an adjunct to maintain blood pressure in the decompensatory phase of hemorrhagic shock slows cardiovascular collapse, but has an adverse effect on metabolic and hemodynamic function. Further investigation is warranted to clarify the role of vasopressin in the delayed management of severe hemorrhagic shock. (c) 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Utah, Sch Med, Dept Anesthesiol, Salt Lake City, UT 84132 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Resuscitat Med, Silver Spring, MD USA. Univ Michigan Hosp & Hlth Ctr, Ann Arbor, MI USA. RP Johnson, KB (reprint author), Univ Utah, Sch Med, Dept Anesthesiol, 30 N 1900 East,Room 3C444, Salt Lake City, UT 84132 USA. EM Ken.B.Johnson@hsc.utah.edu FU NIGMS NIH HHS [K08GM00712] NR 21 TC 11 Z9 11 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 1053-0770 J9 J CARDIOTHOR VASC AN JI J. Cardiothorac. Vasc. Anesth. PD APR PY 2006 VL 20 IS 2 BP 167 EP 172 DI 10.1053/j.jvca.2005.11.015 PG 6 WC Anesthesiology; Cardiac & Cardiovascular Systems; Respiratory System; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC Anesthesiology; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology; Respiratory System GA 036LG UT WOS:000237072000007 PM 16616655 ER PT J AU Myint, KSA Endy, TP Gibbons, RV Laras, K Mammen, MP Sedyaningsih, ER Seriwatana, J Glass, JS Narupiti, S Corwin, AL AF Myint, KSA Endy, TP Gibbons, RV Laras, K Mammen, MP Sedyaningsih, ER Seriwatana, J Glass, JS Narupiti, S Corwin, AL TI Evaluation of diagnostic assays for hepatitis E virus in outbreak settings SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL MICROBIOLOGY LA English DT Article ID ANTIBODY; PREVALENCE; EPIDEMIC; MONKEYS; HEV; IGM AB Hepatitis E virus (HEV) is a major cause of hepatitis. We evaluated five HEV antibody diagnostic assays by using outbreak specimens. The Abbott immunoglobulin G (IgG), Genelabs IgG, and Walter Reed Army Institute of Research (WRAIR) IgM assays were about 90% sensitive; the Abbott IgG and WRAIR total Ig and IgM assays were more than 90% specific. C1 Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Dept Virol, USAMC, Bangkok 1040, Thailand. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD USA. Indonesia Minist Hlth, Natl Inst Hlth Res & Dev, Jakarta, Indonesia. Indonesia Minist Hlth, USN, Med Res Unit 2, Jakarta, Indonesia. RP Myint, KSA (reprint author), Armed Forces Res Inst Med Sci, Dept Virol, USAMC, 315-6 Rajvithi Rd, Bangkok 1040, Thailand. EM myintk@afrims.org NR 23 TC 37 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER SOC MICROBIOLOGY PI WASHINGTON PA 1752 N ST NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036-2904 USA SN 0095-1137 J9 J CLIN MICROBIOL JI J. Clin. Microbiol. PD APR PY 2006 VL 44 IS 4 BP 1581 EP 1583 DI 10.1128/JCM.44.4.1581-7583.2006 PG 3 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 032XS UT WOS:000236810500061 PM 16597900 ER PT J AU Houng, HSH Clavio, S Graham, K Kuschner, R Sun, W Russell, KL Binn, LN AF Houng, Huo-Shu H. Clavio, Sarah Graham, Katherine Kuschner, Robert Sun, Wellington Russell, Kevin L. Binn, Leonard N. TI Emergence of a new human adenovirus type 4 (Ad4) genotype: Identification of a novel inverted terminal repeated (ITR) sequence from majority of Ad4 isolates from US military recruits SO JOURNAL OF CLINICAL VIROLOGY LA English DT Article DE human adenovirus type 4; inverted terminal repeat (ITR); terminal binding protein; new Ad4 genotype; Ad-associated ARD ID ACUTE RESPIRATORY-DISEASE; DNA-REPLICATION; NUCLEOTIDE-SEQUENCES; YOUNG-ADULTS; EPIDEMIC; VACCINES; GENOME; SEROTYPES; ILLNESS; SAFETY AB Background: Ad4 is the principal etiological agent of acute respiratory disease (ARD) in the US military. Discovery of the novel 208 bp inverted terminal repeated (ITR) sequence from a recent AM Jax78 field isolate was totally distinct from the analogous 116 bp ITR of AM prototype. Objectives: To investigate the origin and distribution of the novel AM ITR sequence from ARD infections. Study design: Direct sequencing of ligated Ad ITR termini. Results: The new AM ITR was highly homologous with the ITRs of human Ad subgroup B. The left post-ITR region of Ad4 Jax78 was found to be highly homologous to the corresponding region of subgroup B Ads: 81% for Ad11 and 98% for Ad3 and Ad7. The right post-ITR region of AM Jax78 contained a truncated classic ITR of the AM prototype. Conclusions: The AM Jax78 ITR most likely evolved from AM prototype by substituting the Ad4 prototype ITR with the subgroup B Ads ITR. The ITR-based PCR assays developed from this study can be used to distinguish the new AM genotype from the classical Ad4 prototype. The new AM genotype was first detected in 1976 from Georgia, USA, and is the main causative agent of ARD infections in US military population. (C) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Virus Dis, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. US Dept Def, Ctr Deployment Hlth Res Resp Dis Lab, Naval Hlth Res Ctr, San Diego, CA 92186 USA. RP Houng, HSH (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Virus Dis, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM huo-shu.houng@na.amedd.army.mil RI Valle, Ruben/A-7512-2013 NR 40 TC 10 Z9 10 U1 1 U2 2 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 1386-6532 J9 J CLIN VIROL JI J. Clin. Virol. PD APR PY 2006 VL 35 IS 4 BP 381 EP 387 DI 10.1016/j.jcv.2005.11.008 PG 7 WC Virology SC Virology GA 070SW UT WOS:000239545300004 PM 16406799 ER PT J AU Sampath, AV Garrett, GA Collins, CJ Sarney, WL Readinger, ED Newman, PG Shen, H Wraback, M AF Sampath, AV Garrett, GA Collins, CJ Sarney, WL Readinger, ED Newman, PG Shen, H Wraback, M TI Growth of AlGaN alloys exhibiting enhanced luminescence efficiency SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 47th Electronic Materials Conference CY JUN, 2005 CL Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA HO Univ Calif Santa Barbara DE ultraviolet light-emitting diode (UVLED); AlGaN; molecular beam epitaxy (MBE); ordering ID MOLECULAR-BEAM EPITAXY; QUANTUM-WELLS; EPILAYERS; EMISSION; DYNAMICS AB Interest in developing ultraviolet emitters using the III-Nitride family of semiconductors has sparked considerable effort in fabricating AlGaN alloys that exhibit enhanced luminescence based on strong carrier localization, similar to their InGaN brethren. In this paper, we report on the growth of such alloys by plasma-assisted molecular beam epitaxy (PA-MBE) without the use of indium. This enhancement is attributed to the presence of nanoscale compositional inhomogeneities (NCIs) in these materials. The emission wavelength in these materials has been tuned between 275 nm and 340 nm by varying growth conditions. The effects of dislocations on double heterostructures (DHs) that employ an NCI AlGaN active region has been investigated, with an internal quantum efficiency as high as 32% obtained for the lowest dislocation density samples (3 x 10(10) cm(-2)). Prototype DH-ultraviolet light emitting diodes (DH-UVLEDs) emitting at 324 nm were fabricated employing an NCI AlGaN alloy as the active region. C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Sampath, AV (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM asampath@arl.army.mil NR 14 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 11 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 0361-5235 J9 J ELECTRON MATER JI J. Electron. Mater. PD APR PY 2006 VL 35 IS 4 BP 641 EP 646 DI 10.1007/s11664-006-0113-1 PG 6 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA 036UQ UT WOS:000237101800024 ER PT J AU Zhu, L Li, CH Chow, TP Bhat, IB Jones, KA Scozzie, C Agarwal, A AF Zhu, L Li, CH Chow, TP Bhat, IB Jones, KA Scozzie, C Agarwal, A TI Characterization of Ti Schottky diodes on epi-regrown 4H-SiC SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 47th Electronic Materials Conference CY JUN, 2005 CL Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA HO Univ Calif Santa Barbara DE 4H-SiC; Schottky; regrown; rectifier ID VAPOR-PHASE EPITAXY; REACTOR AB The electrical characteristics of Schottky diodes fabricated on n-type epi layers regrown over an n-drift layer and regrown over a drift layer with selective boron-implanted p-type regions have been evaluated and compared to those on virgin, as-grown commercial epi-drift layers. Slightly lower (0.1-0.2 eV) Schottky barrier heights and larger ideality factors (1.2 vs. 1.03) were extracted for the regrown diodes from forward current-voltage and capacitance-voltage measurements. Although more than 1-2 orders higher reverse leakage current were also observed, our epi-regrowth process is still considered adequate for novel power device realization. C1 Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Ctr Integrated Elect, Troy, NY 12180 USA. SEDD, Army Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. Cree Inc, Durham, NC 27703 USA. RP Zhu, L (reprint author), Rensselaer Polytech Inst, Ctr Integrated Elect, Troy, NY 12180 USA. EM Lin.zhu@powerint.com NR 8 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 2 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 0361-5235 J9 J ELECTRON MATER JI J. Electron. Mater. PD APR PY 2006 VL 35 IS 4 BP 754 EP 757 DI 10.1007/s11664-006-0134-9 PG 4 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA 036UQ UT WOS:000237101800045 ER PT J AU Hullavarad, SS Vispute, RD Nagaraj, B Kulkarni, VN Dhar, S Venkatesan, T Jones, KA Derenge, M Zheleva, T Ervin, MH Lelis, A Scozzie, LJ Habersat, D Wickenden, AE Currano, LJ Dubey, M AF Hullavarad, SS Vispute, RD Nagaraj, B Kulkarni, VN Dhar, S Venkatesan, T Jones, KA Derenge, M Zheleva, T Ervin, MH Lelis, A Scozzie, LJ Habersat, D Wickenden, AE Currano, LJ Dubey, M TI Advances in pulsed-laser-deposited AlN thin films for high-temperature capping, device passivation, and piezoelectric-based RF MEMS/NEMS resonator applications SO JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 47th Electronic Materials Conference CY JUN, 2005 CL Univ Calif Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA HO Univ Calif Santa Barbara DE AlN; SiC; pulsed laser deposition; MEMS/NEMS; passivation; dopant activation ID CHEMICAL-VAPOR-DEPOSITION; ALUMINUM NITRIDE FILMS; SILICON-CARBIDE; AIN FILMS; OPTICAL-PROPERTIES; ION-IMPLANTATION; POWER DEVICES; BUFFER LAYER; GROWTH; SAPPHIRE AB In this paper we report recent advances in pulsed-laser-deposited AlN thin films for high-temperature capping of SiC, passivation of SiC-based devices, and fabrication of a piezoelectric MEMS/NEMS resonator on Pt-metallized SiO2/Si. The AlN films grown using the reactive laser ablation technique were found to be highly stoichiometric, dense with an optical band gap of 6.2 eV, and with a surface smoothness of less than 1 Inn. A low-temperature buffer-layer approach was used to reduce the lattice and thermal mismatch strains. The dependence of the quality of AlN thin films and its characteristics as a function of processing parameters are discussed. Due to high crystallinity, near-perfect stoichiometry, and high packing (tensity, pulsed-laser-deposited AlN thin films show a tendency to withstand high temperatures up to 1600 degrees C, and which enables it to be used as an anneal capping layer for SiC wafers for removing ion-implantation damage and dopant activation. The laser-deposited AlN thin films show conformal coverage on SiC-based devices and exhibit an electrical break-down strength of 1.66 MV/cm up to 350 degrees C when used as an insulator in Ni/AlN/SiC metal-insulator-semiconductor (MIS) devices. Pulsed laser deposition (PLD) AIN films grown on Pt/ SiO2/Si (100) substrates for radio-frequency microelectrical and mechanical systems and nanoelectrical and mechanical systems (MEMS and NEMS) demonstrated resonators having high Q values ranging from 8,000 to 17,000 in the frequency range of 2.5-0.45 MHz. AIN thin films were characterized by x-ray diffraction, Rutherford backscattering spectrometry (in normal and oxygen resonance mode), atomic force microscopy, ultraviolet (UV)-visible spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. Applications exploiting characteristics of high bandgap, high bond strength, excellent piezoelectric characteristics, extremely high chemical inertness, high electrical resistivity, high breakdown strength, and high thermal stability of the pulsed-laser-deposited thin films have been discussed in the context of emerging developments of SiC power devices, for high-temperature electronics, and for radio frequency (RF) MEMS. C1 Univ Maryland, Ctr Superconduct Res, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. US Army Res Lab, Sensors & Elect Devices Directorate, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Hullavarad, SS (reprint author), Univ Maryland, Ctr Superconduct Res, Dept Phys, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. EM vispute@squid.umd.edu RI Venkatesan, Thirumalai/E-1667-2013 NR 64 TC 14 Z9 15 U1 2 U2 22 PU MINERALS METALS MATERIALS SOC PI WARRENDALE PA 184 THORN HILL RD, WARRENDALE, PA 15086 USA SN 0361-5235 J9 J ELECTRON MATER JI J. Electron. Mater. PD APR PY 2006 VL 35 IS 4 BP 777 EP 794 DI 10.1007/s11664-006-0138-5 PG 18 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Materials Science; Physics GA 036UQ UT WOS:000237101800049 ER PT J AU Schefflan, R Kovenklioglu, S Kalyon, D Mezger, M Leng, M AF Schefflan, R Kovenklioglu, S Kalyon, D Mezger, M Leng, M TI Formation of aluminum nanoparticles upon condensation from vapor phase for energetic applications SO JOURNAL OF ENERGETIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the American-Institute-for-Chemical-Engineers (AIChE) CY OCT 30-NOV 04, 2005 CL Cincinnati, OH SP AIChE DE aluminum nanoparticles; General Dynamic Equation; vapor phase process AB A mathematical model of the nanoparticles formation process from deposition from the vapor phase process was developed and applied to the manufacture of alumina-coated aluminum nanoparticles. This process involves conversion of gaseous aluminum in the presence of helium carrier gas to solid aluminum nanoparticles. These activities effectively prepare the aluminum for reaction with oxygen gas to create an alumina coating in the remainder of the process. The basis of the calculations is the General Dynamic Equation for aerosols, which was formulated as an explicit numerical equation. The equation is solved over a user specified surface with particle volume (equivalent to particle diameter) and reactor holding time as the independent variables. The solution produces the number distribution function of the nanoparticles over the solution space. After all of the gaseous aluminum has solidified, a moment equation is employed to calculate the number of particles in each of the size distribution ranges. The mathematical model is useful to study the trends on the dependence of the nanoparticle size distribution on the operating parameters such as pressure and temperature profile in the reactor. A number of case studies are included to demonstrate the utility of the mathematical model. C1 Stevens Inst Technol, Highly Filled Mat Inst, Hoboken, NJ 07030 USA. USA, Armament Res Dev & Eng Ctr, Picatinny Arsenal, NJ USA. RP Schefflan, R (reprint author), Stevens Inst Technol, Highly Filled Mat Inst, Castle Point Hudson, Hoboken, NJ 07030 USA. EM rscheffl@stevens.edu NR 4 TC 5 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 3 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0737-0652 J9 J ENERG MATER JI J. Energ. Mater. PD APR-JUN PY 2006 VL 24 IS 2 BP 141 EP 156 DI 10.1080/07370650600672041 PG 16 WC Chemistry, Applied; Chemistry, Physical; Engineering, Chemical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Engineering; Materials Science GA 059WP UT WOS:000238763200004 ER PT J AU Schefflan, R Kovenklioglu, S Kalyon, D Redner, P Heider, E AF Schefflan, R Kovenklioglu, S Kalyon, D Redner, P Heider, E TI Mathematical model for a fed-batch crystallization process for energetic crystals to achieve targeted size distributions SO JOURNAL OF ENERGETIC MATERIALS LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Annual Meeting of the American-Institute-for-Chemical-Engineers (AIChE) CY OCT 30-NOV 04, 2005 CL Cincinnati, OH SP AIChE DE CL-20; fed-batch crystallization process; HMX; RDX; particle size AB In the manufacture of energetic materials including RDX, HMX, CL-20, it is a challenge to obtain the targeted size distribution. Generally blending is costly and regrinding of the crystals increases the defect densities to give rise to increased sensitivity. The ability to predict apriori the size distribution of various energetic crystalline materials upon recrystallization as a function of the operating conditions, allows the optimization of the process parameters to achieve the desired size distribution without having to regrind or blend different size populations. There a comprehensive mathematical model of the fed-batch crystallization process consisting of two groups of equations is presented. These include first the dynamic material and energy equations, and second, a population balance model for the prediction of the number density of crystals as a function of time and size as functions of the nucleation and growth kinetics for the particles. A numerical solution to the general problem, which involves the alternate solution of the equations at each time step, was developed considering that the reactor volume changes with each time step. Typical results are presented to demonstrate the utility of the mathematical model of the recrystallization process. C1 Stevens Inst Technol, Highly Filed Mat Inst, Hoboken, NJ 07030 USA. USA, ARDEC, Energet & Warheads Div, WECEC, Picatinny Arsenal, NJ USA. RP Schefflan, R (reprint author), Stevens Inst Technol, Highly Filed Mat Inst, Castle Point St, Hoboken, NJ 07030 USA. EM rscheffl@stevens.edu NR 4 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 2 U2 7 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 0737-0652 J9 J ENERG MATER JI J. Energ. Mater. PD APR-JUN PY 2006 VL 24 IS 2 BP 157 EP 172 DI 10.1080/07370650600672058 PG 16 WC Chemistry, Applied; Chemistry, Physical; Engineering, Chemical; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Engineering; Materials Science GA 059WP UT WOS:000238763200005 ER PT J AU Lyons, T Ickes, JA Magar, VS Albro, CS Cumming, L Bachman, B Fredette, T Myers, T Keegan, M Marcy, K Guza, O AF Lyons, T Ickes, JA Magar, VS Albro, CS Cumming, L Bachman, B Fredette, T Myers, T Keegan, M Marcy, K Guza, O TI Evaluation of contaminant resuspension potential during cap placement at two dissimilar sites SO JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING-ASCE LA English DT Article DE soil pollution; sediment; contamination; remedial action; Massachusetts; harbors AB Capping is a common remediation technology for the containment/stabilization of contaminated sediments. During capping activities, clean material is commonly released from a barge at the water Surface and falls through the water column to the sediment surface, providing an uncontaminated Surface sediment layer. Little information exists on the potential release of in situ contaminated sediments during and after capping operations. This paper focuses on the measured release of contaminants during capping events at Boston Harbor, Mass. (confined aquatic disposal cells for contaminated sediment) and Eagle Harbor, Wash. (creosote-contaminated sediment from a wood treating facility). The water column was sampled during capping events to evaluate whether cap placement resulted in the release of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH)- or polychlorinated biphenyls (PCB)-contaminated sediments at Boston Harbor, or PAH-contaminated sediments at Eagle Harbor. Though results at both sites indicated some contaminant resuspension during capping operations, in general contaminant resuspension was relatively low for all capping events. PCB and PAH concentrations for most samples were in the low ng/L range. The most significant releases occurred when previously Uncapped sediments were initially capped, and the magnitude of contaminant resuspension decreased with successive capping layers. These results may have important implications regarding sediment cap installation techniques and their potential impacts on water quality. Resuspension during capping may be minimized by placing cap material in lifts, where the first lift provides a uniform layer of clean material using techniques that minimize sediment disturbance and Subsequent lifts are placed more aggressively once contaminated sediment is covered. C1 ENVIRON Int Corp, Chicago, IL 60606 USA. US EPA, Natl Risk Management Res Lab, Cincinnati, OH 45268 USA. New Mexico Environm Dept, Surface Water Qual Bur Team, Santa Fe, NM 87505 USA. Battelle Ocean Sci Lab, Duxbury, MA 02332 USA. Battelle Mem Inst, Environm Restorat Dept, Columbus, OH 43201 USA. USA, Corps Engineers, Seattle, WA 98134 USA. USA, Waterways Expt Stn, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, CEERD,EP,E, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. USA, Corps Engineers, Concord, MA 01742 USA. US EPA, Seattle, WA 98101 USA. US EPA, Boston, MA 02114 USA. RP Magar, VS (reprint author), ENVIRON Int Corp, 123 N Wacker Dr,Suite 205, Chicago, IL 60606 USA. EM vmagar@environcorp.com NR 20 TC 4 Z9 5 U1 0 U2 4 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0733-9372 J9 J ENVIRON ENG-ASCE JI J. Environ. Eng.-ASCE PD APR PY 2006 VL 132 IS 4 BP 505 EP 514 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9372(2006)132:4(505) PG 10 WC Engineering, Environmental; Engineering, Civil; Environmental Sciences SC Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 024BQ UT WOS:000236170300011 ER PT J AU Salerno, SM Hurst, FP Mercado, DL Halverson, S AF Salerno, S. M. Hurst, F. P. Mercado, D. L. Halverson, S. TI Preferences for interaction with internal medical consultants differ between specialties SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Honolulu, HI USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Tufts Univ, Springfield, MA USA. Oregon Hlth & Sci Univ, Portland, OR 97201 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0884-8734 J9 J GEN INTERN MED JI J. Gen. Intern. Med. PD APR PY 2006 VL 21 SU 4 BP 107 EP 107 PG 1 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medicine, General & Internal SC Health Care Sciences & Services; General & Internal Medicine GA V43VG UT WOS:000202962000381 ER PT J AU Douglas, K O'Malley, PG Jackson, JL AF Douglas, K. O'Malley, P. G. Jackson, J. L. TI The effect of statins on albuminuria: A meta-analysis of randomized, placebo-controlled trials SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL INTERNAL MEDICINE LA English DT Meeting Abstract C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Rockville, MD USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Chevy Chase, MD USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU SPRINGER PI NEW YORK PA 233 SPRING STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10013 USA SN 0884-8734 J9 J GEN INTERN MED JI J. Gen. Intern. Med. PD APR PY 2006 VL 21 SU 4 BP 141 EP 141 PG 1 WC Health Care Sciences & Services; Medicine, General & Internal SC Health Care Sciences & Services; General & Internal Medicine GA V43VG UT WOS:000202962000503 ER PT J AU Zhang, CL Marnmen, MP Chinnawirotpisan, P Klungthong, C Rodpradit, P Nisalak, A Vaughn, DW Nimmannitya, S Kalayanarooj, S Holmes, EC AF Zhang, CL Marnmen, MP Chinnawirotpisan, P Klungthong, C Rodpradit, P Nisalak, A Vaughn, DW Nimmannitya, S Kalayanarooj, S Holmes, EC TI Structure and age of genetic diversity of dengue virus type 2 in Thailand SO JOURNAL OF GENERAL VIROLOGY LA English DT Article ID MOLECULAR EVOLUTION; HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER; PHYLOGENETIC-RELATIONSHIPS; RAPID DETECTION; RNA VIRUSES; SELECTION; IDENTIFICATION; BANGKOK; EPIDEMIOLOGY; INFECTIONS AB Dengue virus type 2 (DENV-2) is a common viral infection and an important health concern in South-East Asia. To determine the molecular evolution of DENV-2 in Thailand, 105 isolates of the E (envelope) gene and 10 complete genomes; sampled over a 27 year period were sequenced. Phylogenetic analysis of these data revealed that three genotypes of DENV-2 have circulated in Thailand, although, since 1991, only viruses assigned to Asian genotype I have been sampled from the population. A broader analysis of 35 complete genomes of DENV-2 revealed that most amino acids are subject to strong selective constraints, indicative of widespread purifying selection against deleterious mutations. This was further supported by an analysis of genome-wide substitution rates, which indicated that DENV-2 fixes approximately 10 mutations per genome per year, far lower than expected from its mutational dynamics. Finally, estimates of the age of DENV-2 were remarkably consistent among genes, indicating that the current genetic diversity in this virus probably arose within the last 120 years, concordant with the first determination of the aetiology of dengue disease. C1 Penn State Univ, Ctr Infect Dis Dynam, Dept Biol, Mueller Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. USA, Med Component, Armed Forces Res Inst Med S, Dept Virol, Bangkok, Thailand. USA, Med Res & Mat Command, Mil Infect Dis Res Program, Frederick, MD 21701 USA. Queen Sirikit Natl Inst Child Hlth, Bangkok, Thailand. RP Holmes, EC (reprint author), Penn State Univ, Ctr Infect Dis Dynam, Dept Biol, Mueller Lab, University Pk, PA 16802 USA. EM ech15@psu.edu OI Holmes, Edward/0000-0001-9596-3552 NR 48 TC 48 Z9 52 U1 0 U2 1 PU SOC GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY PI READING PA MARLBOROUGH HOUSE, BASINGSTOKE RD, SPENCERS WOODS, READING RG7 1AG, BERKS, ENGLAND SN 0022-1317 J9 J GEN VIROL JI J. Gen. Virol. PD APR PY 2006 VL 87 BP 873 EP 883 DI 10.1099/vir.0.81486-0 PN 4 PG 11 WC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology SC Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Virology GA 027WK UT WOS:000236446400017 PM 16528037 ER PT J AU Harrison, SA AF Harrison, SA TI HCV therapy in 2006: Down with ALT levels, in with awareness of co-existent metabolic syndrome SO JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material ID CHRONIC HEPATITIS-C; INTERNATIONAL-DIABETES-FEDERATION; ALANINE AMINOTRANSFERASE LEVELS; VIRUS-INFECTION; PREVALENCE; PROGRESSION; STEATOSIS; OBESITY; FIBROSIS; INSULIN C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Div Gastroenterol & Hepatol, Dept Med, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Harrison, SA (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Div Gastroenterol & Hepatol, Dept Med, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM stephen.harrison@cen.amedd.army.mil NR 23 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0168-8278 J9 J HEPATOL JI J. Hepatol. PD APR PY 2006 VL 44 IS 4 BP 624 EP 626 DI 10.1016/j.jhep.2006.02.001 PG 3 WC Gastroenterology & Hepatology SC Gastroenterology & Hepatology GA 030QV UT WOS:000236650300002 PM 16503073 ER PT J AU Maynord, ST AF Maynord, ST TI Evaluation of the micromodel: An extremely small-scale movable bed model SO JOURNAL OF HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING-ASCE LA English DT Article DE scale models; channel flow; sediment; river beds; water discharge AB The micromodel is an extremely small physical river model having I movable bed, varying discharge, and numerous innovations to achieve quick answers to river engineering problems. In addition to its size being as small as 4 cm in channel width, the vertical scale distortion up to 20, Froude number exaggeration up to 3.7, and no correspondence of stage in model and prototype, place the micromodel in a category by itself. The writer was assigned to evaluate the micromodel's capabilities and limitations to ensure proper application. A portion of this evaluation documents the deviation of the micromodel from similarity considerations used in previous movable bed models. The primary basis for this evaluation is the comparison of the micromodel to the prototype. The writer looked for comparisons that had (1) a reasonable calibration of the micromodel and (2) about the same river engineering structures constructed in the prototype that were tested in the micromodel and (3) a prediction by the rnicrornodel of the approximate trends in the prototype. Evaluation of these comparisons shows a lack of predictive capability by the micromodel. Differences in micromodel and prototype likely result from uncertainty in prototype data and the large relaxations in similitude. Based on the lack of predictive evidence, the micromodel should be limited to demonstration, education, and communication for which it has been useful and should be of value to the profession. C1 USA, Corps Engineers, Engn Res & Dev Ctr, Coastal & Hydraul Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Maynord, ST (reprint author), USA, Corps Engineers, Engn Res & Dev Ctr, Coastal & Hydraul Lab, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. NR 32 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 1 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 0733-9429 J9 J HYDRAUL ENG-ASCE JI J. Hydraul. Eng.-ASCE PD APR PY 2006 VL 132 IS 4 BP 343 EP 353 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9429(2006)132:4(343) PG 11 WC Engineering, Civil; Engineering, Mechanical; Water Resources SC Engineering; Water Resources GA 024ZJ UT WOS:000236234800001 ER PT J AU Jobe, OJ Schwenk, R Kappe, S Williams, J Krzych, U AF Jobe, ousman jobe Schwenk, Robert Kappe, Stefan Williams, Jackie Krzych, Urszula TI Lymphoid dendritic cells predominate in the liver during protective immunity induced with attenuated Plasmodium berghei sporozoites SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the American-Association-of-Immunologists CY MAY 12-16, 2006 CL Boston, MA SP Amer Assoc Immunologists C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Seattle Biomed Res Inst, Seattle, WA 98109 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1767 J9 J IMMUNOL JI J. Immunol. PD APR 1 PY 2006 VL 176 SU S BP S104 EP S105 PG 2 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA 060YD UT WOS:000238837100482 ER PT J AU Morefield, GL Mar, KD Dekker, JP Brittingham, JM Mayo, K Mikszta, JA Sullivan, VJ Ulrich, RG AF Morefield, Garry L. Mar, Kevin D. Dekker, John P. Brittingham, John M. Mayo, Katie Mikszta, John A. Sullivan, Vincent J. Ulrich, Robert G. TI Enhancement of staphylococcal enterotoxin B vaccine efficacy through intranasal and intradermal delivery and incorporation of a toll-like receptor 4 agonist adjuvant SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the American-Association-of-Immunologists CY MAY 12-16, 2006 CL Boston, MA SP Amer Assoc Immunologists C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. BD Technol, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1767 J9 J IMMUNOL JI J. Immunol. PD APR 1 PY 2006 VL 176 SU S BP S97 EP S97 PG 1 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA 060YD UT WOS:000238837100446 ER PT J AU Saikh, KU Kissner, TL Ulrich, RG AF Saikh, Kamal Uddin Kissner, Teri L. Ulrich, Robert G. TI Role of Toll-like receptor adaptor MyD88 in toxic shock caused by staphylococcal enterotoxins SO JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT Annual Meeting of the American-Association-of-Immunologists CY MAY 12-16, 2006 CL Boston, MA SP Amer Assoc Immunologists C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Dept Immunol, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER ASSOC IMMUNOLOGISTS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0022-1767 J9 J IMMUNOL JI J. Immunol. PD APR 1 PY 2006 VL 176 SU S BP S177 EP S177 PG 1 WC Immunology SC Immunology GA 060YD UT WOS:000238837101313 ER PT J AU Patel, GK Ohyama, M Graham, RL Yee, CL Terunuma, A Montemarano, A Maggio, K Vogel, JC AF Patel, G. K. Ohyama, M. Graham, R. L. Yee, C. L. Terunuma, A. Montemarano, A. Maggio, K. Vogel, J. C. TI Characterization of keratinocyte subpopulations in non-melanoma skin cancer using "stem cell" markers derived from microarray analysis of human hair follicles. SO JOURNAL OF INVESTIGATIVE DERMATOLOGY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 67th Annual Meeting of the Society-for-Investigative-Dermatology CY MAY 03-06, 2006 CL Philadelphia, PA SP Soc Investigat Dermatol C1 NCI, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. Univ Tokyo, Sch Med, Dept Dermatol, Tokyo, Japan. Rockledge Skin Canc Clin, Bethesda, MD USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Washington, DC 20307 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP PI NEW YORK PA 75 VARICK STREET, 9TH FLOOR, NEW YORK, NY 10013-1917 USA SN 0022-202X J9 J INVEST DERMATOL JI J. Invest. Dermatol. PD APR PY 2006 VL 126 SU 1 MA 128 BP 22 EP 22 PG 1 WC Dermatology SC Dermatology GA 117RU UT WOS:000242891500131 ER PT J AU Lyle, DS AF Lyle, DS TI Using military deployments and job assignments to estimate the effect of parental absences and household relocations on children's academic achievement SO JOURNAL OF LABOR ECONOMICS LA English DT Article ID FAMILIES; WORK AB Military deployments and job assignments provide an opportunity to estimate the impact of parental absences and household relocations on children's academic achievement. Combining U. S. Army personnel data with children's standardized test scores from Texas, I find that parental absences adversely affect children's test scores by a tenth of a standard deviation. Likewise, household relocations have modest negative effects on children's test scores. Both parental absences and household relocations have the greatest detrimental effect on test scores of children with single parents, children with mothers in the army, children with lower-ability parents, and younger children. C1 US Mil Acad, West Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Lyle, DS (reprint author), US Mil Acad, West Point, NY 10996 USA. NR 21 TC 36 Z9 36 U1 2 U2 5 PU UNIV CHICAGO PRESS PI CHICAGO PA 1427 E 60TH ST, CHICAGO, IL 60637-2954 USA SN 0734-306X J9 J LABOR ECON JI J. Labor Econ. PD APR PY 2006 VL 24 IS 2 BP 319 EP 350 DI 10.1086/499975 PG 32 WC Economics; Industrial Relations & Labor SC Business & Economics GA 018ZF UT WOS:000235803500005 ER PT J AU Kagan, K AF Kagan, K TI Redefining Roman grand strategy SO JOURNAL OF MILITARY HISTORY LA English DT Article ID METHODOLOGICAL LIMITS; MIRAGE AB Ancient historians have demonstrated that Edward Luttwak's The Grand Strategy of the Roman Empire does not accurately describe Roman grand strategy, and many conclude that there was no Roman imperial grand strategy. But the grand strategy of the Roman Empire can be studied as long as scholars ask questions that the available sources support. The field of strategic studies defines "grand strategy" as the allocation of a state's resources to meet its major objectives. Surviving sources regarding the patterns of troop movements in the Roman Empire show that emperors decided how to allocate resources empire-wide to meet objectives, and thus thought about grand-strategic issues even if they did not recognize the concept or engage in long-term planning. C1 Yale Univ, New Haven, CT 06520 USA. American Univ, Dept Hist, Washington, DC 20016 USA. US Mil Acad, West Point, NY 10996 USA. RP Kagan, K (reprint author), Georgetown Univ, Edmund A Walsh Sch Foreign Serv, Washington, DC 20057 USA. NR 62 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 2 PU SOC MILITARY HISTORY PI LEXINGTON PA C/O VIRGINIA MILITARY INST, GEORGE C MARSHALL LIBRARY, LEXINGTON, VA 24450-1600 USA SN 0899-3718 J9 J MILITARY HIST JI J. Mil. Hist. PD APR PY 2006 VL 70 IS 2 BP 333 EP 362 DI 10.1353/jmh.2006.0104 PG 30 WC History SC History GA 028HX UT WOS:000236478900001 ER PT J AU Gerges, M AF Gerges, M TI Guns in the desert: General Jean-Pierre Doguereau's journal of Napoleon's Egyptian expedition. SO JOURNAL OF MILITARY HISTORY LA English DT Book Review C1 USA, Command & Gen Staff Coll, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. RP Gerges, M (reprint author), USA, Command & Gen Staff Coll, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU SOC MILITARY HISTORY PI LEXINGTON PA C/O VIRGINIA MILITARY INST, GEORGE C MARSHALL LIBRARY, LEXINGTON, VA 24450-1600 USA SN 0899-3718 J9 J MILITARY HIST JI J. Mil. Hist. PD APR PY 2006 VL 70 IS 2 BP 505 EP 507 DI 10.1353/jmh.2006.0092 PG 3 WC History SC History GA 028HX UT WOS:000236478900022 ER PT J AU Dutta, M Stroscio, MA West, BJ AF Dutta, Mitra Stroscio, Michael A. West, Bruce J. TI Mechanism for blinking of colloidal semiconductor quantum dots in electrolytic suspensions SO JOURNAL OF NANOELECTRONICS AND OPTOELECTRONICS LA English DT Article ID ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE; SURFACE-PROPERTIES; CDSE NANOCRYSTALS AB Thermally induced fluctuations in the double-layer potential are shown to be a mechanism contributing to the observed blinking of colloidal semiconductor quantum dots in electrolytic suspensions. By relating the fluctuations to the surface charge density on the quantum dot to fluctuations in the double-layer potential, it is shown that the fluctuation barrier potential has exactly the functional form needed to result in an inverse-power-law distribution for off times. Moreover, analytical results show that the distribution of off times tau(off) scales as 1/tau(3/2)(off) just as previously observed experimentally. C1 Univ Illinois, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. Univ Illinois, Dept Bioengn, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. Univ Illinois, Dept Phys, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. Army Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Stroscio, MA (reprint author), Univ Illinois, Dept Elect & Comp Engn, Chicago, IL 60607 USA. NR 27 TC 2 Z9 3 U1 2 U2 4 PU AMER SCIENTIFIC PUBLISHERS PI VALENCIA PA 26650 THE OLD RD, STE 208, VALENCIA, CA 91381-0751 USA SN 1555-130X EI 1555-1318 J9 J NANOELECTRON OPTOE JI J. Nanoelectron. Optoelectron. PD APR PY 2006 VL 1 IS 1 BP 99 EP 103 DI 10.1166/jno.2006.011 PG 5 WC Engineering, Electrical & Electronic; Nanoscience & Nanotechnology; Physics, Applied SC Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Physics GA 189RB UT WOS:000248005100011 ER PT J AU Caretti, DM Coyne, K Johnson, A Scott, W Koh, F AF Caretti, DM Coyne, K Johnson, A Scott, W Koh, F TI Performance when breathing through different respirator inhalation and exhalation resistances during hard work SO JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE LA English DT Article DE breathing resistance; performance; respirator; work of breathing ID INSPIRATORY RESISTANCE; INDUSTRIAL RESPIRATORS; PROTECTIVE DEVICES; RESISTIVE LOADS; AIR-FLOW; EXERCISE; PATTERN AB Respirator inspiratory and expiratory breathing resistances impact ventilation and performance when studied independently. However it is less clear as to how various combinations of inhalation and exhalation resistance affect user performance. The present study investigated the performance of 11 individuals during constant load, demanding work to exhaustion while wearing respirators with eight different combinations of inhalation and exhalation resistance. Exercise performance time, performance rating, minute volume, and peak inspiratory and expiratory airflow were recorded at the end of each test trial, and independent correlations with inhalation resistance and exhalation resistance were assessed. The combined impacts of respirator inhalation and exhalation resistances were quantified as the total external work of breathing (WOBtot) and correlations between the test variables and WOBtot were also examined. Significantly linear decreases in performance were found with increased inhalation resistances independent of exhalation resistance (R-2 = 0.99; p < 0.001) and with increased WOBtot (R-2 = 0.92; p < 0.001). Performance also decreased with increased exhalation resistance but no significant relationships were found. Minute volume decreased linearly with increased inhalation resistance independent of exhalation resistance (R-2 = 0.99; p < 0.001), but the linear decrease observed between minute volume and WOBtot was weak (R-2 = 0.36; p < 0.05). These findings suggest that WOBtot serves as a reliable estimate of the combined impacts of respirator inhalation and exhalation resistances on user performance during hard work, but that inhalation resistance alone serves as a better predictor of ventilation during respirator wear. C1 USA, Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. Univ Maryland, Biol Resources Engn Dept, College Pk, MD 20742 USA. RP Caretti, DM (reprint author), USA, Edgewood Chem Biol Ctr, Bldg E5604,5183 Blackhawk Rd, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM david.caretti@us.army.mil NR 26 TC 11 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 2 PU TAYLOR & FRANCIS INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA 325 CHESTNUT ST, SUITE 800, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106 USA SN 1545-9624 J9 J OCCUP ENVIRON HYG JI J. Occup. Environ. Hyg. PD APR PY 2006 VL 3 IS 4 BP 214 EP 224 DI 10.1080/1545620600601677 PG 11 WC Environmental Sciences; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology; Public, Environmental & Occupational Health GA 030FG UT WOS:000236619000008 PM 16531294 ER PT J AU Clark, CL Strider, F Hall, C Ferguson, HW Armstrong, KL Runner, RR Baur, DA AF Clark, CL Strider, F Hall, C Ferguson, HW Armstrong, KL Runner, RR Baur, DA TI Distraction osteogenesis in irradiated rabbit mandibles with adjunctive hyperbaric oxygen therapy SO JOURNAL OF ORAL AND MAXILLOFACIAL SURGERY LA English DT Article ID BONE-GRAFTS; TISSUE; GENESIS; GROWTH AB Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of hyperbaric oxygen therapy on bone regeneration during distraction of irradiated rabbit mandibles. Materials and Methods: Twenty New Zealand white rabbits were randomly sub-divided into 4 groups. Group 1 served as control, group 2 received preoperative radiation therapy, group 3 received pre- and postoperative hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) therapy, and group 4 received preoperative radiation therapy and pre- and postoperative HBO therapy. All rabbits underwent a corticotomy of the left body of the mandible after placement of a distraction device. Distraction, at a rate of 1 mm/day and a rhythm of 1 turn/day, began after a 3-day latency period for 14 days. Thirty days after completion of the distraction protocol, the animals were euthanized, and histomorphometric and radiographic data of the distraction segments were obtained. Results: Histomorphometric analysis of new bone fill was greatest in the non-irradiated groups Compared to groups receiving radiation therapy, regardless of HBO therapy (P =.03). Pre-corticotomy bone density measurements showed a significant increase in bone density over time (P =.0007). This resulted in a significant relationship between HBO therapy, radiation therapy, and time (P =.0050). Conclusions: The results of the study support the use of HBO therapy during distraction osteogenesis. Any additional therapeutic benefit of HBO therapy in irradiated bone would require additional investigation. This is a US government work. There are no restrictions on its rise. Published by Elsevier; Inc on behalf of tine American Association of Oral card Maxillofacial Surgeons. J Oral Maxillofac Surg G4:589-593, 2006. C1 Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Oral & Maxillofacial Surg Serv, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Oral & Maxillofacial Surg Residency Training Prog, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. Med Coll Georgia, Sch Dent, Dept Radiat Oncol, Augusta, GA 30912 USA. Med Coll Georgia, Sch Dent, Oral & Maxillofacial Surg Serv, Augusta, GA 30912 USA. Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, Vet Serv, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. RP Baur, DA (reprint author), Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Oral & Maxillofacial Surg Serv, Bldg 300,1st Floor,DDEAMC,300 Hosp Rd, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. EM dale.baur@se.amedd.army.mil NR 20 TC 22 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 0278-2391 J9 J ORAL MAXIL SURG JI J. Oral Maxillofac. Surg. PD APR PY 2006 VL 64 IS 4 BP 589 EP 593 DI 10.1016/j.joms.2005.12.027 PG 5 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA 031CT UT WOS:000236682400005 PM 16546637 ER PT J AU Duong, QY Song, XQ Mitrojorgji, E Gordon, S Eng, G AF Duong, QY Song, XQ Mitrojorgji, E Gordon, S Eng, G TI Larvicidal and structural studies of some triphenyl- and tricyclohexyltin para-substituted benzoates SO JOURNAL OF ORGANOMETALLIC CHEMISTRY LA English DT Article DE Aedes aegypti; Anopheles stephensi; aryltins; larvae; mosquito; QSAR; triorganotin para-substituted benzoates ID AEGYPTI MOSQUITO LARVAE; TRIBUTYLTIN(IV) COMPLEXES; ORGANOTIN CARBOXYLATES; SUBSTITUTED BENZOATES; INSECTICIDAL ACTIVITY; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; 2ND INSTAR; TOXICITY; SHIFTS; ACID AB Several new triphenyl- and tricyclohexyltin para-substituted benzoates were synthesized. Their structures were characterized by IR and Mossbauer spectroscopies. The structures were determined to be four-coordinated monomers. Larvicidal activities of the new compounds as well as other benzoates were evaluated against the 2nd larval instar of the Anopheles stephensi and Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. Results from the screening studies indicated that the triphenyltin benzoates were more toxic towards the Ae. aegypti larvae. A quantitative-structure activity relationship was also developed for the Art. stephensi larvae. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Univ Dist Columbia, Dept Chem & Phys, Washington, DC 20008 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Entomol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Eng, G (reprint author), Univ Dist Columbia, Dept Chem & Phys, Washington, DC 20008 USA. EM Geng@udc.edu NR 31 TC 20 Z9 20 U1 0 U2 3 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0022-328X J9 J ORGANOMET CHEM JI J. Organomet. Chem. PD APR 1 PY 2006 VL 691 IS 8 BP 1775 EP 1779 DI 10.1016/j.jorganchem.2005.12.005 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Inorganic & Nuclear; Chemistry, Organic SC Chemistry GA 027YE UT WOS:000236451400044 ER PT J AU Cleland, JA Fritz, JM Whitman, JM Childs, JD Palmer, JA AF Cleland, JA Fritz, JM Whitman, JM Childs, JD Palmer, JA TI The use of a lumbar spine manipulation technique by physical therapists in patients who satisfy a clinical prediction rule: A case series SO JOURNAL OF ORTHOPAEDIC & SPORTS PHYSICAL THERAPY LA English DT Article DE low back pain; manual therapy; physical therapy ID LOW-BACK-PAIN; FEAR-AVOIDANCE BELIEFS; DISABILITY; MOBILIZATION; QUESTIONNAIRE; RELIABILITY; EFFICACY; MOTION AB Study Design: A case series of patients with low back pain (LBP) who satisfy a clinical prediction rule (CPR). Background: A CPR that identifies patients with LBP who are likely to respond with rapid and prolonged reductions in pain and disability following spinal manipulation was developed and recently validated. The CPR developed to predict favorable response to manipulation investigated the effects of only I manipulation technique. The accuracy of the CPR for predicting outcomes using other manipulation techniques is not known. The purpose of the case series was to describe the outcomes of patients presenting to physical therapy with LBP who met the CPR and were treated with an alternative lumbar manipulation technique. Case Description: Consecutive patients referred to physical therapy who satisfied the eligibility criteria, including the presence of at least 4 of the 5 criteria on the CPR, were invited to participate in the case series. Patients were treated for 2 visits with a side-lying lumbar manipulation technique, followed by a basic range of motion exercise, Patients who exhibited a 50% reduction or greater in disability, as measured by the Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), were considered to have experienced a successful outcome. Outcomes: A total of 12 patients participated in the case series. The mean age of the group was 39 years (SD, 8.9 years) and the median duration of symptoms was 19 days (range, 8-148 days). Of the 12 patients who participated in this case series, the mean reduction in disability as measured with the ODI was 57% (SD, 9%). Only 1 patient did not surpass the 50% reduction in ODI scores. Discussion: Eleven of the 12 patients (92%) in this case series who satisfied the CPR and were treated with an alternative lumbar manipulation technique demonstrated a successful Outcome in 2 visits. It is plausible that patients with LBP who satisfy the CPR may obtain a Successful outcome with either manipulation technique directed at the lumbopelvic region. C1 Franklin Pierce Coll, Phys Therapy Program, Concord, NH 03301 USA. Franklin Pierce Coll, Dept Phys Therapy, Concord, NH USA. Rehabil Serv, Concord, NH USA. Univ Utah, Div Phys Therapy, Salt Lake City, UT USA. Intermt Hlth Care, Salt Lake City, UT USA. Regis Univ, Rueckert Hartman Shc Hlth Profess, Dept Phys Therapy, Denver, CO USA. Baylor Univ, USA, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Cleland, JA (reprint author), Franklin Pierce Coll, Phys Therapy Program, 5 Chenell Dr, Concord, NH 03301 USA. EM clelandj@fpc.edu; fritzjm@bigfoot.com; childsjd@sbcglobal.net NR 26 TC 32 Z9 32 U1 0 U2 8 PU J O S P T, PI ALEXANDRIA PA 1111 NORTH FAIRFAX ST, STE 100, ALEXANDRIA, VA 22314-1436 USA SN 0190-6011 J9 J ORTHOP SPORT PHYS JI J. Orthop. Sports Phys. Ther. PD APR PY 2006 VL 36 IS 4 BP 209 EP 214 PG 6 WC Orthopedics; Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences SC Orthopedics; Rehabilitation; Sport Sciences GA 026WM UT WOS:000236373800003 PM 16676870 ER PT J AU Dillman, JF Hege, AI Phillips, CS Orzolek, LD Sylvester, AJ Bossone, C Henemyre-Harris, C Kiser, RC Choi, YW Schlager, JJ Sabourin, CL AF Dillman, JF Hege, AI Phillips, CS Orzolek, LD Sylvester, AJ Bossone, C Henemyre-Harris, C Kiser, RC Choi, YW Schlager, JJ Sabourin, CL TI Microarray analysis of mouse ear tissue exposed to bis-(2-chloroethyl) sulfide: Gene expression profiles correlate with treatment efficacy and an established clinical endpoint SO JOURNAL OF PHARMACOLOGY AND EXPERIMENTAL THERAPEUTICS LA English DT Article ID HUMAN EPIDERMAL-KERATINOCYTES; MUSTARD GAS WORKERS; SULFUR MUSTARD; VESICANT MODEL; SKIN-LESIONS; CYTOKINE; INJURY; MODULATION; IRRITANT; CANCERS AB Bis-( 2- chloroethyl) sulfide ( sulfur mustard; SM) is a potent alkylating agent. Three treatment compounds have been shown to limit SM damage in the mouse ear vesicant model: dimercaprol, octyl homovanillamide, and indomethacin. Microarrays were used to determine gene expression profiles of biopsies taken from mouse ears after exposure to SM in the presence or absence of treatment compounds. Mouse ears were topically exposed to SM alone or were pretreated for 15 min with a treatment compound and then exposed to SM. Ear tissue was harvested 24 h after exposure for ear weight determination, the endpoint used to evaluate treatment compound efficacy. RNA extracted from the tissues was used to generate microarray probes for gene expression profiling of therapeutic responses. Principal component analysis of the gene expression data revealed partitioning of the samples based on treatment compound and SM exposure. Patterns of gene responses to the treatment compounds were indicative of exposure condition and were phenotypically anchored to ear weight. Pretreatment with indomethacin, the least effective treatment compound, produced ear weights close to those treated with SM alone. Ear weights from animals pretreated with dimercaprol or octyl ho-movanillamide were more closely associated with exposure to vehicle alone. Correlation coefficients between gene expression level and ear weight revealed genes involved in mediating responses to both SM exposure and treatment compounds. These data provide a basis for elucidating the mechanisms of response to SM and drug treatment and also provide a basis for developing strategies to accelerate development of effective SM medical countermeasures. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Cell & Mol Biol Branch, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Physiol & Immunol Branch, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. Battelle Mem Inst, Med Res & Evaluat Facil, Columbus, OH 43201 USA. RP Dillman, JF (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Chem Def, Cell & Mol Biol Branch, 3100 Ricketts Point Rd, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21010 USA. EM james.dillman@us.army.mil NR 39 TC 23 Z9 23 U1 1 U2 4 PU AMER SOC PHARMACOLOGY EXPERIMENTAL THERAPEUTICS PI BETHESDA PA 9650 ROCKVILLE PIKE, BETHESDA, MD 20814-3995 USA SN 0022-3565 J9 J PHARMACOL EXP THER JI J. Pharmacol. Exp. Ther. PD APR PY 2006 VL 317 IS 1 BP 76 EP 87 DI 10.1124/jpet.105.097014 PG 12 WC Pharmacology & Pharmacy SC Pharmacology & Pharmacy GA 024DT UT WOS:000236175900010 PM 16377760 ER PT J AU LaBranche, DF AF LaBranche, DF TI Scaffolding - Getting students engaged in learning SO JOURNAL OF PROFESSIONAL ISSUES IN ENGINEERING EDUCATION AND PRACTICE LA English DT Editorial Material C1 US Mil Acad, USA Corps Engineers, Dept Geog & Environm Engn, West Point, NY 10996 USA. RP LaBranche, DF (reprint author), US Mil Acad, USA Corps Engineers, Dept Geog & Environm Engn, West Point, NY 10996 USA. EM bd5885@usma.edu NR 7 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 1 PU ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS PI RESTON PA 1801 ALEXANDER BELL DR, RESTON, VA 20191-4400 USA SN 1052-3928 J9 J PROF ISS ENG ED PR JI J. Prof. Issues Eng. Educ. Pract. PD APR PY 2006 VL 132 IS 2 BP 96 EP 98 DI 10.1061/(ASCE)1052-3928(2006)132:2(96) PG 3 WC Education, Scientific Disciplines; Engineering, Multidisciplinary SC Education & Educational Research; Engineering GA 024ZO UT WOS:000236235300002 ER PT J AU Dunham, D Brudvik, JS Morris, WJ Plummer, KD Cameron, SM AF Dunham, D Brudvik, JS Morris, WJ Plummer, KD Cameron, SM TI A clinical investigation of the fit of removable partial dental prosthesis clasp assemblies SO JOURNAL OF PROSTHETIC DENTISTRY LA English DT Article ID GOLD CASTINGS AB Statement of problem. Removable partial denture frameworks are complex castings fabricated from high-shrinkage alloys. This may result in difficulty in achieving accurate fit. Purpose. The purpose of this study was to evaluate which component(s) of the clasp assembly contact the abutment tooth clinically. Material and methods. New and existing frameworks with at least I conventional prepared occlusal rest were evaluated for fit. The spacing between the bottom of each of the rests of the 50 clasp assemblies and the corresponding rest scat were recorded with vinyl polysiloxane. The fit of each rest was determined with the use of a dial caliper by measuring, in micrometers, the thickness of the record between the rest and the bottom of the rest scat. The Kennedy classification was also recorded. A 2-sample t test was used to evaluate the difference in fit between tooth-tissue supported and tooth-supported designs (alpha=.05). Results. The average space between the rest and prepared rest scat was 193 +/- 203 mu m, with a range of 0 to 828 mu m. Twenty tooth-tissue frameworks had an average space of 136 +/- 160 mu m and 30 tooth-supported frameworks had In average space of 230 +/- 222 mu m. The 2-sample t test showed no significant difference for fit between tooth-tissue supported and tooth-supported frameworks (P=.1081). Twenty-four percent of rests had contact in the prepared rest scat. Conclusion. The majority of rests evaluated did not contact the intended surfaces. C1 Dept Prosthodont, Ft Bragg, NC USA. Univ Washington, Sch Dent, Dept Restorat Dent, Seattle, WA 98195 USA. Prosthodont Residency Program, Ft Gordon, GA USA. Med Coll Georgia, Sch Dent, Dept Oral Rehabil, Augusta, GA 30912 USA. USA, Prosthodont Residency Program, Ft Gordon, GA USA. RP Cameron, SM (reprint author), 1533 Clary Cut Rd, Appling, GA 30802 USA. EM prosthdir@netzero.net NR 9 TC 8 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 0 PU MOSBY, INC PI ST LOUIS PA 11830 WESTLINE INDUSTRIAL DR, ST LOUIS, MO 63146-3318 USA SN 0022-3913 J9 J PROSTHET DENT JI J. Prosthet. Dent. PD APR PY 2006 VL 95 IS 4 BP 323 EP 326 DI 10.1016/j.prosdent.2006.02.001 PG 4 WC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine SC Dentistry, Oral Surgery & Medicine GA 033PK UT WOS:000236861000011 PM 16616131 ER PT J AU Killgore, WDS Stetz, MC Castro, CA Hoge, CW AF Killgore, WDS Stetz, MC Castro, CA Hoge, CW TI The effects of prior combat experience on the expression of somatic and affective symptoms in deploying soldiers SO JOURNAL OF PSYCHOSOMATIC RESEARCH LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT Conference on Somatoform Disorders CY MAY, 2005 CL London, ENGLAND SP Conceptual Issurs Somatoform & Similar Disorders Project DE soldier; combat; Iraq; somatization; affect; coping ID POSTTRAUMATIC-STRESS-DISORDER; SOMATOFORM DISORDERS; SOMATIZATION; ILLNESS; VETERANS; DEPRESSION; PREVALENCE; COMPLAINTS; LIFE; CARE AB Objective: Deployment to a combat zone is undoubtedly an extremely stressful experience. It was hypothesized that, when faced with an impending wartime deployment, soldiers with prior combat experience would report minimal emotional problems accompanied by high rates of somatic complaints compared with combat-naive soldiers. Methods: Self-reports of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and affective and somatic complaints were collected from 2068 U.S. soldiers just prior to combat deployment during Operation Iraqi Freedom. Results: Although the percentage of soldiers scoring positive for PTSD was nearly identical for the experienced and inexperienced groups, scores on the Affective and Somatic scales differed as a function of prior combat history. Previous combat experience was associated with lower affective and greater somatic complaints relative to combat-naive soldiers. Conclusions: Consistent with theories of stress reaction, repression, and somatic amplification, combat-experienced soldiers reported limited affective complaints but greater somatic complaints relative to soldiers without combat experience. (c) 2006 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP Killgore, WDS (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Silver Spring, MD USA. EM william.d.killgore@us.army.mil OI Killgore, William/0000-0002-5328-0208 NR 32 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 2 U2 3 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-3999 J9 J PSYCHOSOM RES JI J. Psychosomat. Res. PD APR PY 2006 VL 60 IS 4 BP 379 EP 385 DI 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2006.02.012 PG 7 WC Psychiatry SC Psychiatry GA 035BR UT WOS:000236975400013 PM 16581362 ER PT J AU Priddy, JD Willoughby, WE AF Priddy, JD Willoughby, WE TI Clarification of vehicle cone index with reference to mean maximum pressure SO JOURNAL OF TERRAMECHANICS LA English DT Article DE trafficability; traction; vehicle mobility; soft soil; off-road performance AB The US Army developed Vehicle Cone Index (VCI) as a metric for directly quantifying the ability of vehicles to traverse soft-soil terrain. In order to ensure minimum soft-soil performance capabilities for their new military vehicles, the US Army has used VCI for many years as a performance specification. The United Kingdom's Ministry of Defence (UK MOD) has used the Mean Maximum Pressure (MMP) parameter for many years as a performance specification. It has been demonstrated that the NIMP parameter relates to soft-soil performance capabilities, and hence, the UK MOD has ensured minimum performance capabilities for their new military vehicles by using MMP specifications. Both the VCI and NIMP specification approaches have served their users well, but fundamental differences in the two specification approaches have produced some misunderstandings concerning what VCI really is and how it relates to MMP. This article clarifies that VCI is a performance metric, not a set of predictive equations, explains how VCI is measured, and compares different methods of predicting VCI for one-pass performance (i.e., VCI1) of wheeled vehicles in fat clay soils. It is further clarified that MMP should not be compared with VCI but instead with Mobility Index (MI), which is the principal parameter used by the US Army for predicting VCI. Relationships are presented for using MMP to predict VCI1 for wheeled vehicles in clay, and the resulting relationships allow comparison between NIMP and MI in terms of their ability to predict VCI. Seventy-nine VCI1 performance measurements were used for the comparison, and they demonstrate that MI describes the historical performance data somewhat better than MMP. Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of ISTVS. C1 USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Geotech & Struct Lab, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. RP Priddy, JD (reprint author), USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Geotech & Struct Lab, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. EM Jody.D.Priddy@erdc.usace.army.mil NR 10 TC 9 Z9 9 U1 0 U2 2 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-4898 J9 J TERRAMECHANICS JI J. Terramech. PD APR PY 2006 VL 43 IS 2 BP 85 EP 96 DI 10.1016/j.jterra.2004.10.001 PG 12 WC Engineering, Environmental SC Engineering GA 029LT UT WOS:000236564900002 ER PT J AU Liston, RA AF Liston, RA TI Reply to Dr. Freitag's comments on the 2002 St. Christopher Lecture SO JOURNAL OF TERRAMECHANICS LA English DT Editorial Material C1 USACE Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Liston, RA (reprint author), USACE Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, 72 Lyme Rd, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. EM rliston@ccrel41.crrel.usace.army.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 0022-4898 J9 J TERRAMECHANICS JI J. Terramech. PD APR PY 2006 VL 43 IS 2 BP 257 EP 257 DI 10.1016/j.jterra.2005.12.003 PG 1 WC Engineering, Environmental SC Engineering GA 029LT UT WOS:000236564900014 ER PT J AU Liu, LB Albert, DG AF Liu, LB Albert, DG TI Acoustic pulse propagation near a right-angle wall SO JOURNAL OF THE ACOUSTICAL SOCIETY OF AMERICA LA English DT Article ID SOUND-PROPAGATION; STREET CANYONS; WIDE BARRIERS; DIFFRACTION; BOUNDARY; MEDIA; ATTENUATION; SCATTERING; IMPULSES; WAVES AB Experimental measurements were conducted around a right-angle wall to investigate the effect of this obstacle on sound propagation outdoors. Using small explosions as the source of the acoustic waves allowed reflected and diffracted arrivals to be discerned and investigated in detail. The measurements confirm that diffraction acts as a low-pass filter on acoustic waveforms in agreement with simple diffraction theory, reducing the peak pressure and broadening the waveform shape received by a sensor in the shadow zone. In addition, sensors mounted directly on the wall registered pressure doubling for nongrazing angles of incidence in line-of-sight conditions. A fast two-dimensional finite difference time domain (FDTD) model was developed and provided additional insight into the propagation around the wall. Calculated waveforms show good agreement with the measured waveforms. (c) 2006 Acoustical Society of America. C1 USA, Erdc, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. Univ Connecticut, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Storrs, CT 06269 USA. RP Liu, LB (reprint author), USA, Erdc, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, 72 Lyme Rd, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. EM lanbo.liu@erdc.usace.army.mil; donald.g.albert@erdc.usace.army.mil NR 30 TC 25 Z9 25 U1 0 U2 2 PU ACOUSTICAL SOC AMER AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA STE 1 NO 1, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4502 USA SN 0001-4966 J9 J ACOUST SOC AM JI J. Acoust. Soc. Am. PD APR PY 2006 VL 119 IS 4 BP 2073 EP 2083 DI 10.1121/1.2180530 PG 11 WC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology SC Acoustics; Audiology & Speech-Language Pathology GA 033SG UT WOS:000236868900022 PM 16642821 ER PT J AU Morey, A AF Morey, A TI Management of radiotherapy induced rectourethral fistula - Editorial comment SO JOURNAL OF UROLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Serv Urol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Morey, A (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Serv Urol, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0022-5347 J9 J UROLOGY JI J. Urol. PD APR PY 2006 VL 175 IS 4 BP 1387 EP 1388 DI 10.1016/S0022-5347(05)01011-6 PG 2 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 022EX UT WOS:000236038900052 ER PT J AU Hart, K Baur, D Hodam, J Lesoon-Wood, L Parham, M Keith, K Vazquez, R Ager, E Pizarro, J AF Hart, K Baur, D Hodam, J Lesoon-Wood, L Parham, M Keith, K Vazquez, R Ager, E Pizarro, J TI Short- and long-term effects of sildenafil on skin flap survival in rats SO LARYNGOSCOPE LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 87th Annual Meeting of the American-Association-of-Oral-and-Maxillofacial-Surgeons CY SEP 21-24, 2005 CL Boston, MA SP Amer Assoc Oral & Maxillofacial Surg DE sildenafil; necrosis; phosphodiesterase inhibitors; skin flaps; orthogonal polarization spectral imaging; reconstructive surgery ID NITRIC-OXIDE; HYPERBARIC-OXYGEN; SURGICAL DELAY; VIABILITY; VASOCONSTRICTION; AUGMENTATION; INHIBITORS; THERAPY; SURGERY; INJURY AB Objective: Distal ischemic necrosis of the flap remains an unsolved, challenging problem. Phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitors, which include the drug sildenafil, are a relatively new class of U.S. Food and Drug Administration-approved medications whose effect on tissue viability has not been widely explored. The vasodilatory effects of these drugs have the potential to enhance blood flow to flaps and increase their survivability. The purpose of this study was to examine the short- and long-term effects of sildenafil, administered intraperitoneally at a dose of 9 mg/kg per day, on the survival of surgical skin flaps in rats. Methods: A McFarlane-type random pattern skin (3 x 10-cm) flap model was used to evaluate the effect of sildenafil on necrosis at multiple time points. Rats were assigned to sildenafil-treated (9 mg/kg per day intraperitoneally; n = 34), vehicle control (n = 35), or sham (no injection; n = 40) groups. In each group, caudally based, dorsal, rectangular (3 x 10-cm) flaps were created. Flap necrosis was determined using orthogonal polarization spectral imaging and digital photography analysis on days 1, 3, 5, and 7 postsurgery. Results: Orthogonal polarization spectral imaging results showed a significant decrease in necrosis and stasis in rats treated with sildenafil on days 1 and 3. Although reductions observed at days 5 and 7 were not as dramatic as days 1 and 3, digital photography analysis confirmed a decrease in the area of necrosis at all time points evaluated. Conclusions: These results suggest that PDE 5 inhibitors may play a more important role in early postoperative skin flap viability rather than at later time points and may be beneficial for skin flap viability as shown in the rat model. PDE 5 inhibitors may reduce the extent of necrosis after reconstructive surgeries. C1 Dwight D Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. Dwight D Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Dept Oral & Maxillofacial Surg, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, Honolulu, HI USA. Madigan Army Med Ctr, Ft Lewis, WA USA. RP Pizarro, J (reprint author), Dwight D Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Dept Clin Invest, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. EM Jose.Pizarro-Matos@se.amedd.army.mil NR 35 TC 45 Z9 48 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0023-852X J9 LARYNGOSCOPE JI Laryngoscope PD APR PY 2006 VL 116 IS 4 BP 522 EP 528 DI 10.1097/01.mlg.0000200792.67802.3b PG 7 WC Medicine, Research & Experimental; Otorhinolaryngology SC Research & Experimental Medicine; Otorhinolaryngology GA 028IW UT WOS:000236481600004 PM 16585853 ER PT J AU Chen, Q Savarino, SJ Venkatesan, MM AF Chen, Q Savarino, SJ Venkatesan, MM TI Subtractive hybridization and optical mapping of the enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli H10407 chromosome: isolation of unique sequences and demonstration of significant similarity to the chromosome of E coli K-12 SO MICROBIOLOGY-SGM LA English DT Article ID COMPLETE GENOME SEQUENCE; COLONIZATION FACTOR ANTIGENS; EPITHELIAL-CELL INVASION; HEAT-LABILE ENTEROTOXIN; MOLECULAR CHARACTERIZATION; BACTERIAL PATHOGENESIS; PATHOGENICITY ISLANDS; MILK IMMUNOGLOBULIN; TRAVELERS DIARRHEA; RESTRICTION MAPS AB Enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) is a primary cause of diarrhoea in infants in developing countries and in travellers to endemic regions. While several virulence genes have been identified on ETEC plasmids, little is known about the ETEC chromosome, although it is expected to share significant homology in backbone sequences with E coli K-12. In the absence of genomic sequence information, the subtractive hybridization method and the more recently described optical mapping technique were carried out to determine the degree of genomic variation between virulent ETEC strain H10407 and the non-pathogenic E coli K-12 strain MG1655. In one round of PCR-based suppression subtractive hybridization, 153 fragments representing sequences unique to strain H10407 were identified. BLAST searches indicated that few unique sequences showed homology to known pathogenicity island genes identified in related E coli pathogens. A total of 65 fragments contained sequences that were either linked to hypothetical proteins or showed no homology to any known sequence in the database. The remaining sequences were either phage or prophage related or displayed homology to classifiable genes that function in various aspects of bacterial metabolism. The 153 unique sequences showed variable distribution across different ETEC strains including ETEC strain 137A, which is attenuated in virulence and lacked several H 10407-specific sequences. Restriction-enzyme-based optical maps of strain H 10407 were compared to in silico restriction maps of strain MG1655 and related E coli pathogens. The 5.1 Mb ETEC chromosome was similar to 500 kb greater in length than the chromosome of E coliK-12, collinear with it and indicated several discrete regions where insertions and/or deletions had occurred relative to the chromosome of strain MG1655. No major inversions, transpositions or gross rearrangements were observed on the ETEC chromosome. Based on comparisons with known genomic sequences and related optical-map-based restriction site similarity, the sequence of the H 10407 chromosome is expected to demonstrate similar to 96 % identity with that of E coli K-12. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Enter Infect, Div Communicable Dis & Immunol, Silver Spring, MD USA. USN, Med Res Ctr, Enter Dis Dept, Silver Spring, MD USA. RP Venkatesan, MM (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Enter Infect, Div Communicable Dis & Immunol, Silver Spring, MD USA. EM malabi.venkatesan@na.amedd.army.mil NR 56 TC 34 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 1 PU SOC GENERAL MICROBIOLOGY PI READING PA MARLBOROUGH HOUSE, BASINGSTOKE RD, SPENCERS WOODS, READING RG7 1AG, BERKS, ENGLAND SN 1350-0872 J9 MICROBIOL-SGM JI Microbiology-(UK) PD APR PY 2006 VL 152 BP 1041 EP 1054 DI 10.1099/mic.0.28648-0 PN 4 PG 14 WC Microbiology SC Microbiology GA 031FC UT WOS:000236688600015 PM 16549668 ER PT J AU Earwood, JS Brooks, DE AF Earwood, JS Brooks, DE TI The seven P's in battalion level combat health support in the military operations in urban terrain environment: The Fallujah experience, summer 2003 to spring 2004 SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article AB Combat health support in the Military Operations in Urban Terrain (MOUT) environment represents a common challenge on today's battlefield. We identified seven key aspects of battalion level health support which required consideration before combat operations in this type of environment. We called these the "seven P's" of combat health support: prevention, proportion, preparation, portability, proximity, protection, and projection. We developed an easy to use framework for using these principles to quickly develop combat health support plans during periods of high operations tempo. C1 Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Dept Family & Community Med, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. RP Earwood, JS (reprint author), Eisenhower Army Med Ctr, Dept Family & Community Med, Ft Gordon, GA 30905 USA. NR 7 TC 1 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD APR PY 2006 VL 171 IS 4 BP 273 EP 277 PG 5 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 033IS UT WOS:000236841100019 PM 16673736 ER PT J AU Maurer, D Fulton, C Doria, M AF Maurer, D Fulton, C Doria, M TI Factors that influence the decision of military dependents to decline smallpox vaccination during an outbreak SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article AB Objective: To examine factors that influence the decision of military dependents to decline smallpox vaccination in the event of an outbreak. Methods: A total of 373 military dependents, 18 to 65 years of age, were surveyed in December 2003, at Fort Hood, Texas, and Fort Sill, Oklahoma, concerning smallpox vaccine knowledge, adverse reactions, and willingness to receive the vaccine. Results: A total of 89% of respondents were willing to receive the vaccine. Respondents were less willing if the vaccine was unsafe during pregnancy or caused blood clots and heart attacks. African American and Hispanic respondents were less willing to be vaccinated than were Caucasian respondents (p < 0.0079), as were respondents with lower vaccine knowledge scores (p < 0.0029). Conclusions: The majority of military dependents would want to receive the vaccine in the event of an outbreak. Vaccine safety in pregnancy and an unproven link to blood clots and heart attacks may influence vaccine refusal. African American respondents, Hispanic respondents, and respondents with lower vaccine knowledge scores were less willing to receive the vaccine. C1 Darnall Army Community Hosp, Dept Family Med, Ft Hood, TX 76544 USA. Reynolds Army Community Hosp, Dept Family Med, Ft Sill, OK 73503 USA. RP Maurer, D (reprint author), Darnall Army Community Hosp, Dept Family Med, Ft Hood, TX 76544 USA. NR 13 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD APR PY 2006 VL 171 IS 4 BP 321 EP 324 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 033IS UT WOS:000236841100030 PM 16673747 ER PT J AU Hawk, A AF Hawk, A TI The great disease enemy, Kak'ke (Beriberi) and the Imperial Japanese Army SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article AB Although Japanese military officials had discovered that an improved diet could prevent beriberi by the late 19th century, their soldiers in the army suffered from beriberi during the Russo-Japanese War and World War H. A change in diet at the end of the Russo-Japanese War solved the problem and the army applied the lesson learned, along with postwar scientific discoveries about nutrition, toward the diet used during World War II. However, beriberi again plagued Japanese soldiers, this time due to poor logistics and unpalatable dietary supplements. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Natl Museum Hlth & Med, Hist Collect, Washington, DC 20306 USA. RP Hawk, A (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Armed Forces Inst Pathol, Natl Museum Hlth & Med, Hist Collect, Bldg 54, Washington, DC 20306 USA. NR 32 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD APR PY 2006 VL 171 IS 4 BP 333 EP 339 PG 7 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 033IS UT WOS:000236841100033 PM 16673750 ER PT J AU Nasir, JM Roy, MJ AF Nasir, JM Roy, MJ TI A 43-year-old colonel with chills, diaphoresis, and headache SO MILITARY MEDICINE LA English DT Article ID VIVAX MALARIA; VIRUS AB The objectives were to illustrate the ease with which one might attribute concomitant or subsequent illness to an exposure such as the anthrax vaccine and to demonstrate an approach that keeps the significance of such exposures in appropriate perspective. A 43-year-old, active duty, Army officer presents with a variety of nonspecific common symptoms and raises concerns about the relationship of his symptoms to receipt of the anthrax vaccine. He is admitted for an evaluation that includes a series of diagnostic tests and consultations. The course of his illness and the corresponding evaluation are reviewed using a series of questions and accompanying discussions to highlight key points regarding diagnostic considerations, the anthrax vaccine, and the ultimate identification of the correct diagnosis. C1 Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Med, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Nasir, JM (reprint author), Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. NR 12 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ASSN MILITARY SURG US PI BETHESDA PA 9320 OLD GEORGETOWN RD, BETHESDA, MD 20814 USA SN 0026-4075 J9 MIL MED JI Milit. Med. PD APR PY 2006 VL 171 IS 4 BP 340 EP 343 PG 4 WC Medicine, General & Internal SC General & Internal Medicine GA 033IS UT WOS:000236841100034 PM 16673751 ER PT J AU Murphy, KP Giuliani, JR Freedman, BA AF Murphy, Kevin P. Giuliani, Jeffrey R. Freedman, Brett A. TI Management of lateral epicondylitis in the athlete SO OPERATIVE TECHNIQUES IN SPORTS MEDICINE LA English DT Article DE elbow arthroscopy; military; intra-articular; elbow disorders; extensor carpi radialis brevis release; surgical treatment; results ID POSTEROLATERAL ROTATORY INSTABILITY; COMMON EXTENSOR ORIGIN; TENNIS ELBOW; SURGICAL-TREATMENT; ARTHROSCOPIC RELEASE; RADIAL TUNNEL; PATHOLOGY; RESECTION AB Arthroscopy has become an invaluable tool for addressing elbow pathology in young active patients. The surgical indications for elbow arthroscopy are evolving, but our primary indication has been the treatment of lateral epicondylitis. While, the vast majority of patients with "tennis elbow" respond to nonoperative therapy, arthroscopic release of the extensor carpi radialis brevis (ECRB) can be a successful means of treating recalcitrant cases. Surgical treatment for recalcitrant lateral epicondylitis provides good results for pain relief and return to function. Arthroscopy appears to combine the best attributes of the earlier return to activity seen with percutaneous procedures and decreased recurrence rates demonstrated with open procedures. In contrast to open surgical management, arthroscopy affords the surgeon an opportunity to address intra-articular pathology which may be preventing the injured athlete's return to the playing field. This article describes the indications and surgical technique for arthroscopic ECRB release in young athletes. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Orthopaed & Rehabil, Orthopaed Surg Serv, Washington, DC 20307 USA. RP Murphy, KP (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Dept Orthopaed & Rehabil, Orthopaed Surg Serv, Bldg 2,Clin 5A, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM kevin.murphy.1@na.amedd.army.mil NR 50 TC 6 Z9 7 U1 0 U2 0 PU W B SAUNDERS CO-ELSEVIER INC PI PHILADELPHIA PA INDEPENDENCE SQUARE WEST CURTIS CENTER, STE 300, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3399 USA SN 1060-1872 J9 OPER TECHN SPORT MED JI Oper. Tech. Sports Med. PD APR PY 2006 VL 14 IS 2 BP 67 EP 74 DI 10.1053/j.otsm.2006.02.002 PG 8 WC Sport Sciences; Surgery SC Sport Sciences; Surgery GA 076PM UT WOS:000239970200003 ER PT J AU Wroblewski, KJ Pasternak, JF Bower, KS Schallhorn, SC Hubickey, WJ Harrison, CE Torres, MF Barnes, SD AF Wroblewski, KJ Pasternak, JF Bower, KS Schallhorn, SC Hubickey, WJ Harrison, CE Torres, MF Barnes, SD TI Infectious keratitis after photorefractive keratectomy in the United States Army and Navy SO OPHTHALMOLOGY LA English DT Article ID NONSTEROIDAL ANTIINFLAMMATORY DRUGS; BACTERIAL KERATITIS; REFRACTIVE SURGERY AB Purpose: To review the incidence, culture results, clinical course, management, and visual outcomes of infectious keratitis after photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) at 6 Army and Navy refractive surgery centers. Design: Retrospective study. Participants: Twelve thousand six hundred sixty-eight Navy and Army sailors and service members. Methods: Army and Navy refractive surgery data banks were searched for cases of infectious keratitis. A retrospective chart review and query of the surgeons involved in the care of those patients thus identified provided data regarding preoperative preparation, perioperative medications, treatment, culture results, clinical course, and final visual acuity. Results: Between January 1995 and May 2004, we performed a total of 25 337 PRK procedures at the 6 institutions. Culture proven or clinically suspected infectious keratitis developed in 5 eyes of 5 patients. All patients received topical antibiotics perioperatively. All cases presented 2 to 7 days postoperatively. Cultures from 4 cases grew Staphylococcus, including 2 methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA). One case of presumed infectious keratitis was culture negative. There were no reported cases of mycobacterial or fungal keratitis. In addition, we identified 26 eyes with corneal infiltrates in the first postoperative week that were felt to be sterile, and which resolved upon removal of the bandage contact lens and increasing antibiotic coverage. Conclusions: Infectious keratitis is a rare but potentially vision-threatening complication after PRK It is often caused by gram-positive organisms, including MRSA. Early diagnosis, appropriate laboratory testing, and aggressive antimicrobial therapy can result in good outcomes. C1 Kimbrough Army Hlth Clin, Ft George G Meade, MD USA. Natl Naval Med Res Inst, Bethesda, MD USA. Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Ctr Refract Surg, Washington, DC USA. USN, Med Ctr, Dept Ophthalmol, San Diego, CA USA. Womack Army Med Ctr, Ft Bragg, NC USA. Jacksonville Naval Hosp, Jacksonville, FL USA. Madigan Army Med Ctr, Ophthalmol Serv, Ft Lewis, WA USA. RP Wroblewski, KJ (reprint author), Kimbrough Ambulat Care Ctr, Clin Serv & Ophthalmol, Ft George G Meade, MD 20755 USA. NR 18 TC 30 Z9 34 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0161-6420 J9 OPHTHALMOLOGY JI Ophthalmology PD APR PY 2006 VL 113 IS 4 BP 520 EP 525 DI 10.1016/j.ophtha.2005.09.038 PG 6 WC Ophthalmology SC Ophthalmology GA 029DO UT WOS:000236538900003 PM 16488012 ER PT J AU Desmet, KD Paz, DA Corry, JJ Eells, JT Wong-Riley, MTT Henry, MM Buchmann, EV Connelly, MP Dovi, JV Liang, HL Henshel, DS Yeager, RL Millsap, DS Lim, J Gould, LJ Das, R Jett, M Hodgson, BD Margolis, D Whelan, HT AF Desmet, KD Paz, DA Corry, JJ Eells, JT Wong-Riley, MTT Henry, MM Buchmann, EV Connelly, MP Dovi, JV Liang, HL Henshel, DS Yeager, RL Millsap, DS Lim, J Gould, LJ Das, R Jett, M Hodgson, BD Margolis, D Whelan, HT TI Clinical and experimental applications of NIR-LED photobiomodulation SO PHOTOMEDICINE AND LASER SURGERY LA English DT Article ID ENERGY LASER IRRADIATION; BONE-MARROW TRANSPLANTATION; EMITTING DIODE IRRADIATION; CYTOCHROME-C-OXIDASE; 670-NM PHOTOTHERAPY; OPTIC-NERVE; DIOXIN; DEGENERATION; RADIATION; TOXICITY AB This review presents current research on the use of far-red to near-infrared (NIR) light treatment in various in vitro and in vivo models. Low-intensity light therapy, commonly referred to as "photobiomodulation," uses light in the far-red- to near-infrared region of the spectrum (630-1000 nm) and modulates numerous cellular functions. Positive effects of NIR-light-emitting diode (LED) light treatment include acceleration of wound healing; improved recovery from ischemic injury of the heart, and attenuated degeneration of injured optic nerves by improving mitochondrial energy metabolism and production. Various in vitro and in vivo models of mitochondrial dysfunction were treated with a variety of wavelengths of NIR-LED light. These studies were performed to determine the effect of NIR-LED light treatment on physiologic and pathologic processes. NIR-LED light treatment stimulates the photoacceptor cytochrome c oxidase, resulting in increased energy metabolism and production. NIR-LED light treatment accelerates wound healing in ischemic rat and murine diabetic wound healing models, attenuates the retinotoxic effects of methanol-derived formic acid in rat models, and attenuates the developmental toxicity of dioxin in chicken embryos. Furthermore, NIR-LED light treatment prevents the development of oral mucositis in pediatric bone marrow transplant patients. The experimental results demonstrate that NIR-LED light treatment stimulates mitochondrial oxidative metabolism in vitro, and accelerates cell and tissue repair in vivo. NIR-LED light represents a novel, noninvasive, therapeutic intervention for the treatment of numerous diseases linked to mitochondrial dysfunction. C1 Med Coll Wisconsin, Dept Neurol, Milwaukee, WI 53226 USA. Med Coll Wisconsin, Dept Clin Lab Sci, Milwaukee, WI 53226 USA. Med Coll Wisconsin, Dept Cell Biol Neurobiol & Anat, Milwaukee, WI 53226 USA. Med Coll Wisconsin, Dept Ophthalmol, Milwaukee, WI 53226 USA. Med Coll Wisconsin, Dept Plast Surg, Milwaukee, WI 53226 USA. Med Coll Wisconsin, Dept Hematol & Oncol, Milwaukee, WI 53226 USA. Childrens Hosp Wisconsin, Dept Dent, Milwaukee, WI 53201 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Mol Pathol, Silver Spring, MD USA. Indiana Univ, Sch Publ & Environm Affairs, Bloomington, IN USA. RP Whelan, HT (reprint author), Med Coll Wisconsin, Dept Neurol, 8701 Watertown Plank Rd, Milwaukee, WI 53226 USA. EM hwhelan@mcw.edu NR 44 TC 154 Z9 160 U1 1 U2 23 PU MARY ANN LIEBERT INC PI NEW ROCHELLE PA 140 HUGUENOT STREET, 3RD FL, NEW ROCHELLE, NY 10801 USA SN 1549-5418 J9 PHOTOMED LASER SURG JI Photomed. Laser Surg. PD APR PY 2006 VL 24 IS 2 BP 121 EP 128 DI 10.1089/pho.2006.24.121 PG 8 WC Surgery SC Surgery GA 047EN UT WOS:000237862700003 PM 16706690 ER PT J AU Filler, DM Reynolds, CM Snape, I Daugulis, AJ Barnes, DL Williams, PJ AF Filler, DM Reynolds, CM Snape, I Daugulis, AJ Barnes, DL Williams, PJ TI Advances in engineered remediation for use in the Arctic and Antarctica SO POLAR RECORD LA English DT Article ID 2-PHASE PARTITIONING BIOREACTOR; ALCALIGENES-XYLOSOXIDANS; PETROLEUM-HYDROCARBONS; FEEDING STRATEGIES; SITE REMEDIATION; TUNDRA SOILS; BIODEGRADATION; BIOREMEDIATION; DEGRADATION; MINERALIZATION AB Creative remediation schemes have been implemented with success at petroleum-contaminated sites in Alaska and Canada during the past decade. Contaminated media have been landfarmed, amended with fertilizers, augmented with microbial products, and manipulated with engineered systems. Phytoremediation developments and use of biodegradable synthetic and polymeric resins for potential use with petroleum and xenobiotic contaminants are on the horizon. Treatment of supra-permafrost water and melt-water runoff with permeable reactive barriers and partitioning bioreactors is now possible. Cost and time limitations will likely continue to drive remediation decisions in the Arctic. Environmental policy, environmental constraints, and cost will dictate what technologies are appropriate for Antarctic clean-up, although the pressure of time is less acute because land transfer and liability are not drivers. This paper discusses some recent advances in remediation engineering for use in polar regions. Conceptual models are presented, and case study treatment costs and durations are highlighted to aid environmental decision-making. C1 Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. USA, Engineer Res Dev Ctr, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. Australian Antarctic Div, Kingston, Tas 7050, Australia. Queens Univ, Dept Chem Engn, Kingston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada. Univ Cambridge, Scott Polar Res Inst, Cambridge CB2 1ER, England. RP Filler, DM (reprint author), Univ Alaska Fairbanks, Dept Civil & Environm Engn, POB 755900, Fairbanks, AK 99775 USA. EM ffdmf@uaf.edu NR 51 TC 17 Z9 18 U1 0 U2 20 PU CAMBRIDGE UNIV PRESS PI NEW YORK PA 40 WEST 20TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10011-4211 USA SN 0032-2474 J9 POLAR REC JI POLAR REC. PD APR PY 2006 VL 42 IS 221 BP 111 EP 120 DI 10.1017/S003224740500505X PG 10 WC Ecology; Environmental Sciences SC Environmental Sciences & Ecology GA 050WE UT WOS:000238119100004 ER PT J AU Oliveira, JM Austin, AA Miyamoto, RES Kaholokula, JK Yano, KB Lunasco, T AF Oliveira, JM Austin, AA Miyamoto, RES Kaholokula, JK Yano, KB Lunasco, T TI The Rural Hawai'i Behavioral Health Program: Increasing access to primary care behavioral health for native Hawaiians in rural settings SO PROFESSIONAL PSYCHOLOGY-RESEARCH AND PRACTICE LA English DT Article DE rural; native Hawaiian; behavioral health; primary care psychology ID PROFESSIONAL PSYCHOLOGISTS; MENTAL-HEALTH; SERVICES; MODEL; EFFICACY; MEDICINE; AMERICA; INTERNS AB Health care access issues present significant challenges for rural populations and health providers. Psychology can support improved access and quality of rural health services through the development of integrated behavior health programs within primary care settings. This article reviews a clinical training and service delivery program, the Rural Hawai'i Behavioral Health Program, which has evolved in response to the pressing health needs of Native Hawaiians in rural communities. Native Hawaiian cultural factors and components of the primary care model that have supported the development of this program will be reviewed. Program expansion, sustainability, and treatment efficacy research will be discussed. C1 Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Psychol, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. Univ Hawaii Manoa, Honolulu, HI 96822 USA. RP Oliveira, JM (reprint author), Tripler Army Med Ctr, Dept Psychol, 1 Jarrett White Rd, Honolulu, HI 96859 USA. EM jill.oliveia-berry@hawtamc.amedd.army.mil NR 54 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSOC/EDUCATIONAL PUBLISHING FOUNDATION PI WASHINGTON PA 750 FIRST ST NE, WASHINGTON, DC 20002-4242 USA SN 0735-7028 J9 PROF PSYCHOL-RES PR JI Prof. Psychol.-Res. Pract. PD APR PY 2006 VL 37 IS 2 BP 174 EP 182 DI 10.1037/0735-7028.37.2.174 PG 9 WC Psychology, Multidisciplinary SC Psychology GA 033DF UT WOS:000236826000011 ER PT J AU Gilsdorf, J Gul, N Smith, LA AF Gilsdorf, J Gul, N Smith, LA TI Expression, purification, and characterization of Clostridium botulinum type B light chain SO PROTEIN EXPRESSION AND PURIFICATION LA English DT Article DE botulinum neurotoxin; protease; light chain ID PROTEIN SECONDARY STRUCTURE; NEUROTRANSMITTER RELEASE; CIRCULAR-DICHROISM; TETANUS TOXIN; PROTEOLYTIC CLEAVAGE; MEMBRANE-PROTEIN; NERVE-TERMINALS; NEUROTOXIN-A; SNAP-25; FRAGMENT AB A full-length synthetic gene encoding the light chain of botulinum neurotoxin serotype 13, approximately 50 kDa (BoNT/B LC), has been cloned into a bacterial expression vector pET24a+. BoNT/B LC was expressed in Escherichia coli BL21.DE3.pLysS and isolated from the soluble fraction. The resultant protein was purified to homogeneity by cation chromatography and was determined to be > 98% pure as assessed by SDS-polyacrylamide gel stained with SilverXpress and analyzed by densitometry. Mass spectroscopic analysis indicated the protein to be 50.8 kDa, which equaled the theoretically expected mass. N-terminal sequencing of the purified protein showed the sequence corresponded to the known reported sequence. The recombinant BoNT/B light chain was found to be highly stable, catalytically active, and has been used to prepare antisera that neutralizes against BoNT/B challenge. Characterization of the protein including pH, temperature, and the stability of the protein in the presence or absence of zinc is described within. The influence of pH differences, buffer, and added zinc on secondary and tertiary structure of BoNT/B light chain was analyzed by circular dichroism and tryptophan fluorescence measurements. Optimal conditions for obtaining maximum metalloprotease activity and stabilizing the protein for long term storage were determined. We further analyzed the thermal denaturation of BoNT/B LC as a function of temperature to probe the pH and added zinc effects on light chain stability. The synthetic BoNT/B LC has been found to be highly active on its substrate (vesicle associated membrane protein-2) and, therefore, can serve as a useful reagent for BoNT/B research. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Integrated Toxicol Div, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. RP Smith, LA (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Integrated Toxicol Div, 1425 Porter St, Frederick, MD 21702 USA. EM Leonard.Smith@AMEDD.Army.Mil NR 45 TC 24 Z9 26 U1 0 U2 2 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 1046-5928 J9 PROTEIN EXPRES PURIF JI Protein Expr. Purif. PD APR PY 2006 VL 46 IS 2 BP 256 EP 267 DI 10.1016/j.pep.2005.09.024 PG 12 WC Biochemical Research Methods; Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology GA 033DZ UT WOS:000236828100011 PM 16297638 ER PT J AU Klipp, CL Mahrt, L AF Klipp, C. L. Mahrt, L. TI Response to "Comments on 'Flux-gradient relationship, self-correlation and intermittency in the stable boundary layer"' SO QUARTERLY JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL METEOROLOGICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Editorial Material DE Monin-Obukov similarity; Richardson number C1 Oregon State Univ, COAS, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD USA. RP Mahrt, L (reprint author), Oregon State Univ, COAS, Corvallis, OR 97331 USA. NR 2 TC 1 Z9 1 U1 0 U2 4 PU ROYAL METEOROLOGICAL SOC PI READING PA 104 OXFORD ROAD, READING RG1 7LJ, BERKS, ENGLAND SN 0035-9009 J9 Q J ROY METEOR SOC JI Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc. PD APR PY 2006 VL 132 IS 617 BP 1375 EP 1375 DI 10.1256/qj.05.168B PN B PG 1 WC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences SC Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences GA 068TU UT WOS:000239398100018 ER PT J AU Shkuratov, SI Talantsev, EF Baird, J Rose, MF Shotts, Z Altgilbers, LL Stults, AH AF Shkuratov, SI Talantsev, EF Baird, J Rose, MF Shotts, Z Altgilbers, LL Stults, AH TI Completely explosive ultracompact high-voltage nanosecond pulse-generating system SO REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS LA English DT Article ID SHOCK-WAVE DEMAGNETIZATION; HARD FERROMAGNETICS AB A conventional pulsed power technology has been combined with an explosive pulsed power technology to produce an autonomous high-voltage power supply. The power supply contained an explosive-driven high-voltage primary power source and a power-conditioning stage. The ultracompact explosive-driven primary power source was based on the physical effect of shock-wave depolarization of high-energy Pb(Zr52Ti48)O-3 ferroelectric material. The volume of the energy-carrying ferroelectric elements in the shock-wave ferroelectric generators (SWFEGs) varied from 1.2 to 2.6 cm(3). The power-conditioning stage was based on the spiral vector inversion generator (VIG). The SWFEG-VIG system demonstrated successful operation and good performance. The amplitude of the output voltage pulse of the SWFEG-VIG system exceeded 90 kV, with a rise time of 5.2 ns. (c) 2006 American Institute of Physics. C1 Loki Inc, Rolla, MO 65409 USA. Radiance Technol Inc, Huntsville, AL 35807 USA. USA, Space & Missile Def Command, Huntsville, AL 35807 USA. USA, Aviat & Missile Res Dev & Engn Ctr, Redstone Arsenal, AL 35898 USA. RP Shkuratov, SI (reprint author), Loki Inc, Rolla, MO 65409 USA. EM shkuratov@lokiconsult.com OI Talantsev, Evgeny/0000-0001-8970-7982 NR 9 TC 13 Z9 13 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER INST PHYSICS PI MELVILLE PA CIRCULATION & FULFILLMENT DIV, 2 HUNTINGTON QUADRANGLE, STE 1 N O 1, MELVILLE, NY 11747-4501 USA SN 0034-6748 J9 REV SCI INSTRUM JI Rev. Sci. Instrum. PD APR PY 2006 VL 77 IS 4 AR 043904 DI 10.1063/1.2168674 PG 5 WC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics, Applied SC Instruments & Instrumentation; Physics GA 037HA UT WOS:000237136500036 ER PT J AU Dubick, MA Bruttig, SP Wade, CE AF Dubick, MA Bruttig, SP Wade, CE TI Issues of concern regarding the use of hypertonic/hyperoncotic fluid resuscitation of hemorrhagic hypotension SO SHOCK LA English DT Review DE hypertonic saline; hypertonic saline dextran (HSD); hemorrhage; dehydration; anaphylactoid reactions ID HYPERTONIC SALINE-DEXTRAN; 7.5-PERCENT SODIUM-CHLORIDE; INDUCED ANAPHYLACTIC REACTIONS; SMALL-VOLUME RESUSCITATION; PRESSURE-DRIVEN HEMORRHAGE; NACL 6-PERCENT DEXTRAN-70; TRAUMATIC BRAIN INJURY; CEREBRAL-BLOOD-FLOW; HAPTEN INHIBITION; HEAD-INJURY AB Small volume resuscitation fluids continue to be of interest to the military and limited volume resuscitation is becoming more common in the treatment of hemorrhage in the civilian community. With renewed interest to undertake a large US-Canada multi-center clinical trial of hypertonic saline alone or combined with dextran (HSD) possibly in 2006, concerns related to the safe use of this product continue to surface. This review addresses the use of these products in uncontrolled hemorrhage models, in dehydration and addresses perceived risks associated with hypernatremia, dextran-associated anaphylactoid reactions and effects on coagulation and renal function. C1 USA, Inst Surg Res, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. Novel Technol Inc, Murdock, NE USA. RP Dubick, MA (reprint author), USA, Inst Surg Res, 3400 Rawley E Chamber,Bldg 3611, San Antonio, TX USA. EM michael.dubick@amedd.army.mil NR 109 TC 36 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 3 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 1073-2322 J9 SHOCK JI Shock PD APR PY 2006 VL 25 IS 4 BP 321 EP 328 DI 10.1097/01.shk.0000209525.50990.28 PG 8 WC Critical Care Medicine; Hematology; Surgery; Peripheral Vascular Disease SC General & Internal Medicine; Hematology; Surgery; Cardiovascular System & Cardiology GA 030RN UT WOS:000236652100002 PM 16670632 ER PT J AU Stone, MH Pierce, KC Sands, WA Stone, ME AF Stone, MH Pierce, KC Sands, WA Stone, ME TI Weightlifting: Program design SO STRENGTH AND CONDITIONING JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE periodization; training model; training process ID MANIPULATING VOLUME; PERIODIZATION; INTENSITY AB This is the second part of a 2-part discussion (the first,"Weightlifting:A Brief Overview," appeared 28(l):5066, 2006) on weightlifting and will describe the best methods of designing a weightlifting program. C1 E Tennessee State Univ, Exercise & Sports Sci Lab, Johnson City, TN 37614 USA. Louisiana State Univ, Kinesiol & Hlth Sci Dept, Shreveport, LA 71105 USA. US Olympic Comm, Colorado Springs, CO USA. Louisiana State Univ, USA, Weightlifting Dev Ctr, Shreveport, LA 71105 USA. RP Stone, MH (reprint author), E Tennessee State Univ, Exercise & Sports Sci Lab, Johnson City, TN 37614 USA. NR 14 TC 15 Z9 15 U1 5 U2 14 PU ALLIANCE COMMUNICATIONS GROUP DIVISION ALLEN PRESS PI LAWRENCE PA 810 EAST 10TH STREET, LAWRENCE, KS 66044 USA SN 1524-1602 J9 STRENGTH COND J JI Strength Cond. J. PD APR PY 2006 VL 28 IS 2 BP 10 EP 17 DI 10.1519/1533-4295(2006)028[0010:WPD]2.0.CO;2 PG 8 WC Sport Sciences SC Sport Sciences GA 034UJ UT WOS:000236955800001 ER PT J AU Eaton, KM Messer, SC Wilson, ALG Hoge, CW AF Eaton, KM Messer, SC Wilson, ALG Hoge, CW TI Strengthening the validity of population-based suicide rate comparisons: An illustration using US military and civilian data SO SUICIDE AND LIFE-THREATENING BEHAVIOR LA English DT Article ID UNITED-STATES-ARMY; AIR-FORCE PERSONNEL; DEATH; SURVEILLANCE; STATISTICS; INJURIES; TRENDS AB The objectives of this study were to generate precise estimates of suicide rates in the military while controlling for factors contributing to rate variability such as demographic differences and classification bias, and to develop a simple methodology for the determination of statistically derived thresholds for detecting significant rate changes. Suicide rate estimates were calculated for the military population and each service branch over 11 years, directly standardized to the 2000 U.S. population. Military rates were highly comparable across branches and were approximately 20% lower than the civilian rate. Direct adjustment essentially controlled for the demographic confounds in this sample. Applying the Poisson-based method, we demonstrate that suicide rate fluctuations as large as 20-40% in any year may be attributed to random error. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Pyschiat & Neurosci, Dept Mil Psychiat, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Eaton, KM (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Neurosci, Dept Psychiat & Behav Sci, Room 2W94,503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM Karen.eaton@na.amedd.army.mil NR 45 TC 40 Z9 41 U1 0 U2 2 PU WILEY-BLACKWELL PI MALDEN PA COMMERCE PLACE, 350 MAIN ST, MALDEN 02148, MA USA SN 0363-0234 J9 SUICIDE LIFE-THREAT JI Suicide Life-Threat. Behav. PD APR PY 2006 VL 36 IS 2 BP 182 EP 191 DI 10.1521/suli.2006.36.2.182 PG 10 WC Psychiatry; Psychology, Multidisciplinary SC Psychiatry; Psychology GA 039JE UT WOS:000237301000006 PM 16704323 ER PT J AU Greenberg, S Kamath, P Petrali, J Hamilton, T Garfield, J Garlick, JA AF Greenberg, S Kamath, P Petrali, J Hamilton, T Garfield, J Garlick, JA TI Characterization of the initial response of engineered human skin to sulfur mustard SO TOXICOLOGICAL SCIENCES LA English DT Article DE sulfur mustard; basement membrane; bioengineered human skin; human keratinocytes ID HAIRLESS GUINEA-PIG; ATHYMIC NUDE-MICE; MOUSE SKIN; APOPTOSIS; EXPRESSION; LESIONS; CELLS; KERATINOCYTES; ARCHITECTURE; PROTEINS AB We have used a new approach to identify early events in sulfur mustard-induced, cutaneous injury by exposing human, bioengineered tissues that mimic human skin to this agent to determine the morphologic, apoptotic, inflammatory, ultrastructural, and basement membrane alterations that lead to dermal-epidermal separation. We found distinct prevesication and post-vesication phases of tissue damage that were identified 6 and 24 h after sulfur mustard (SM) exposure, respectively. Prevesication (6 h) injury was restricted to small groups of basal keratinocytes that underwent apoptotic cell death independent of SM dose. Immunoreactivity for basement membrane proteins was preserved and basement membrane ultrastructure was intact 6 h after exposure. Dermal-epidermal separation was seen by the presence of microvesicles 24 h after SM exposure. This change was accompanied by the dose-dependent induction of apoptosis, focal loss of basement membrane immunoreactivity, increase in acute inflammatory cell infiltration, and ultrastructural evidence of altered basement membrane integrity. These studies provide important proof of concept that bioengineered, human skin demonstrates many alterations previously found in animal models of cutaneous SM injury. These findings further our understanding of mechanisms of SM-induced damage and can help development of new countermeasures designed to limit the morbidity and mortality caused by this chemical agent. C1 SUNY Stony Brook, Sch Dent Med, Dept Oral Biol & Pathol, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. USA, Med Res & Mat Command, Ft Detrick, MD USA. LifeCell Inc, Branchburg, NJ 08876 USA. SUNY Stony Brook, Sch Med, Dept Dermatol, Stony Brook, NY 11794 USA. RP Garlick, JA (reprint author), Tufts Univ, Sch Dent Med, Dept Oral & Maxillofacial Pathol, Div Canc Biol & Tissue Engn, Boston, MA 02111 USA. EM jonathan.garlick@tufts.edu NR 28 TC 22 Z9 22 U1 0 U2 4 PU OXFORD UNIV PRESS PI OXFORD PA GREAT CLARENDON ST, OXFORD OX2 6DP, ENGLAND SN 1096-6080 J9 TOXICOL SCI JI Toxicol. Sci. PD APR PY 2006 VL 90 IS 2 BP 549 EP 557 DI 10.1093/toxsci/kfi306 PG 9 WC Toxicology SC Toxicology GA 023DQ UT WOS:000236106000029 PM 16141436 ER PT J AU Cardo, LJ AF Cardo, LJ TI Serological screening for Leishmania infantum in asymptomatic blood donors living in an endemic area (Sicily, Italy) SO TRANSFUSION AND APHERESIS SCIENCE LA English DT Letter ID RECOMBINANT K-39 ANTIGEN; INFECTION C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Blood Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Cardo, LJ (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Blood Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM Lisa.cardo@us.army.mil NR 7 TC 4 Z9 4 U1 0 U2 0 PU PERGAMON-ELSEVIER SCIENCE LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, ENGLAND SN 1473-0502 J9 TRANSFUS APHER SCI JI Transfus. Apher. Sci. PD APR PY 2006 VL 34 IS 2 BP 233 EP 234 DI 10.1016/j.transci.2005.12.003 PG 2 WC Hematology SC Hematology GA 040TY UT WOS:000237404500017 PM 16510314 ER PT J AU Morris, MS Morey, AF Stackhouse, DA Santucci, RA AF Morris, MS Morey, AF Stackhouse, DA Santucci, RA TI Fibrin sealant as tissue glue: Preliminary experience in complex genital reconstructive surgery SO UROLOGY LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 99th Annual Meeting of the American-Urological-Association CY MAY 08-13, 2004 CL San Francisco, CA SP Amer Urol Assoc ID SKIN-GRAFTS; ADHESION AB Objectives. To report the outcomes of graft take and wound healing in the first reported series in which fibrin sealant was used as a tissue glue in the reconstruction of complex genital skin loss. Methods. Between July 2001 and July 2005, 18 men requiring complex genital reconstruction underwent repair by two surgeons at our medical centers. Skin graft reconstruction was required in 6 men. Complete scrotal disassembly with extensive scrotal or thigh flaps was required for reconstruction of 12 others. In the skin graft cases, a thin layer of dilute fibrin sealant was sprayed on the recipient site immediately before graft apposition. In flap cases, fibrin sealant was injected beneath the flap to promote tissue adherence and prevent fluid accumulation. All wounds were followed up postoperatively and observed for evidence of graft take, seroma or hematoma formation, drainage, and infection. Results. The 6 skin graft patients required a total of nine split-thickness skin grafts, all of which had 100% take. Of the 12 patients requiring flap reconstruction, 11 had excellent results. One flap case had a partial wound breakdown, but this reconstruction was performed immediately subsequent to a significant debridement and irrigation procedure in the same setting. Overall, 17 (94.4%) of 18 patients had no wound infection, seroma, hematoma, or other complications. Conclusions. Fibrin sealant performs very well as a tissue glue and appears to be a useful adjunct in cases of complex genital skin loss reconstruction. C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Surg, Urol Serv, Ft Sam Houston, TX USA. Wayne State Univ, Med Ctr, Dept Urol, Detroit, MI USA. RP Morey, AF (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Dept Urol, 3851 Roger Brooke Dr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. EM Allen.Morey@amedd.army.mil OI Santucci, Richard/0000-0001-5603-3969 NR 19 TC 9 Z9 10 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0090-4295 J9 UROLOGY JI Urology PD APR PY 2006 VL 67 IS 4 BP 688 EP 691 DI 10.1016/j.urology.2005.10.063 PG 4 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 036EV UT WOS:000237054800007 PM 16618556 ER PT J AU Morey, AF AF Morey, AF TI Fibrin sealant as tissue glue: Preliminary experience in complex genital reconstructive surgery - Reply SO UROLOGY LA English DT Editorial Material C1 Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. RP Morey, AF (reprint author), Brooke Army Med Ctr, Ft Sam Houston, TX 78234 USA. NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC PI NEW YORK PA 360 PARK AVE SOUTH, NEW YORK, NY 10010-1710 USA SN 0090-4295 J9 UROLOGY JI Urology PD APR PY 2006 VL 67 IS 4 BP 692 EP 692 DI 10.1016/j.urology.2006.01.020 PG 1 WC Urology & Nephrology SC Urology & Nephrology GA 036EV UT WOS:000237054800009 ER PT J AU Menning, BW AF Menning, BW TI Miscalculating one's enemies: Russian military intelligence before the Russo-Japanese war SO WAR IN HISTORY LA English DT Article AB On the basis of archival and printed sources, this article examines the role that Russian military intelligence played in miscalculating the Japanese threat before the outbreak of the Russo-Japanese war of 1904-05. The treatment focuses on three general problem areas: assessments of Japanese military and naval strength and combat readiness; perceptions of war imminence and the related possibility of surprise; and Japanese intentions. Evidence indicates that the overall quality of intelligence was uneven, although reasonably accurate with regard to the Japanese navy. However, genuine situational and structural constraints clouded perceptions of the Japanese ground forces. Still other constraints obscured Russian perceptions of war imminence and Japanese intentions. The cumulative result was that Russia would enter far eastern conflict at substantial disadvantage. C1 USA Command & Gen Staff Coll, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. RP Menning, BW (reprint author), USA Command & Gen Staff Coll, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. NR 57 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 1 PU HODDER ARNOLD, HODDER HEADLINE PLC PI LONDON PA 338 EUSTON ROAD, LONDON NW1 3BH, ENGLAND SN 0968-3445 J9 WAR HIST JI War Hist. PD APR PY 2006 VL 13 IS 2 BP 141 EP 170 DI 10.1191/096834450wh334oa PG 30 WC History; International Relations SC History; International Relations GA 025XC UT WOS:000236299500001 ER PT J AU Piva, SR Fitzgerald, K Irrgang, JJ Jones, S Hando, BR Browder, DA D Childs, J AF Piva, Sara R. Fitzgerald, Kelley Irrgang, James J. Jones, Scott Hando, Benjamin R. Browder, David A. D Childs, John TI Reliability of measures of impairments associated with patellofemoral pain syndrome SO BMC MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS LA English DT Article ID ANTERIOR KNEE PAIN; ANKLE JOINT DORSIFLEXION; INTRINSIC RISK-FACTORS; STRAIGHT-LEG RAISE; QUALITY-OF-LIFE; CHONDROMALACIA PATELLAE; ATHLETIC POPULATION; DISTANCE RUNNERS; HEALTH-STATUS; NORMAL RANGE AB Background: The reliability and measurement error of several impairment measures used during the clinical examination of patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome (PFPS) has not been established. The purpose was to determine the inter-tester reliability and measurement error of measures of impairments associated with PFPS in patients with PFPS. Methods: A single group repeated measures design was used. Two pairs of physical therapists participated in data collection. Examiners were blinded to each others' measurements. Results: Thirty patients (age 29 +/- 8; 17 female) with PFPS participated in this study. Inter-tester reliability coefficients were substantial for measures of hamstrings, quadriceps, plantarflexors, and ITB/TFL complex length, hip abductors strength, and foot pronation (ICCs from .85 to .97); moderate for measures of Q-angle, tibial torsion, hip external rotation strength, lateral retinacular tightness, and quality of movement during a step down task (ICCs from .67 to .79); and poor for femoral anteversion (ICC of .45). Standard error of measurement (SEM) for measures of muscle length ranged from 1.6 degrees to 4.3 degrees. SEM for Q-angle, tibial torsion, and femoral anteversion were 2.4 degrees, 2.9 degrees, and 4.5 degrees respectively. SEM for foot pronation was 1 mm. SEM for measures of muscle strength was 1.8 Kg for abduction and 2.4 Kg for external rotation. Conclusion: Several of the impairments associated with PFPS had sufficient reliability and low measurement error. Further investigation is needed to test if these impairment measurements are related to physical function and whether or not they are useful for decision-making. C1 Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Hlth & Rehabil Sci, Dept Phys Therapy, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. Ramstein Outpatient Phys Med Clin, Ramstein AFB, Germany. Eglin Reg Hosp, Eglin AFB, FL USA. Wilford Hall USAF Med Ctr, Lackland AFB, TX 78236 USA. USA, Baylor Univ Doctoral Program Phys Therapy, San Antonio, TX USA. RP Piva, SR (reprint author), Univ Pittsburgh, Sch Hlth & Rehabil Sci, Dept Phys Therapy, Pittsburgh, PA 15260 USA. EM spiva@shrs.pitt.edu; kfitzger@pitt.edu; irrgangjj@upmc.edu; scott.jones1@ramstein.af.mil; benjamin.hando@lackland.af.mil; david.browder@lackland.af.mil; childsjd@sbcglobal.net NR 66 TC 79 Z9 80 U1 1 U2 16 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA MIDDLESEX HOUSE, 34-42 CLEVELAND ST, LONDON W1T 4LB, ENGLAND SN 1471-2474 J9 BMC MUSCULOSKEL DIS JI BMC Musculoskelet. Disord. PD MAR 31 PY 2006 VL 7 AR 33 DI 10.1186/1471-2474-7-33 PG 13 WC Orthopedics; Rheumatology SC Orthopedics; Rheumatology GA 078PO UT WOS:000240115900001 PM 16579850 ER PT J AU Abu-Lail, NI Kaholek, M LaMattina, B Clark, RL Zauscher, S AF Abu-Lail, NI Kaholek, M LaMattina, B Clark, RL Zauscher, S TI Micro-cantilevers with end-grafted stimulus-responsive polymer brushes for actuation and sensing SO SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL LA English DT Article DE atomic force microscopy (AFM); deflection; micro-cantilever; polymer brushes; sensor; stimulus-responsive polymers; surface-initiated polymerization; surface stress ID ATOMIC-FORCE MICROSCOPY; TRANSFER RADICAL POLYMERIZATION; SURFACE STRESS; BIMETALLIC CANTILEVER; INDUCED DEFLECTIONS; VAPOR DETECTION; MICROCANTILEVERS; SENSOR; POLY(N-ISOPROPYLACRYLAMIDE); PARTICLES AB Stimulus-responsive macromolecules have attracted significant interest due to their potential applications in molecular motors, drug delivery, sensors, and actuation devices. Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (pNIPAAM) alone or as a copolymer is a stimulus-responsive polymer that, undergoes an inverse phase transition triggered by changes in the solvent quality, such as temperature, ionic strength, pH, or co-solvent concentration. Associated with this phase transition is a significant conformational change. We show that micro-cantilevers, decorated on one side with a pNIPAAM brush or poly(N-isopropylacrylamide-co-N-vinylimidazole) (pNIPAAM-VI) (7:3) brush, can be used to detect and transduce this phase transition behavior. Changes in the conformational state of the brush, induced by the phase transition or changes in osmotic pressure, cause significant changes in the surface stress in the brush that leads to detectable changes in cantilever deflection. We show that the use of pNIPAAM and its copolymers is exciting for cantilever actuation and sensing because commonly available micro-fabricated cantilever springs offer a simple and non-intrusive way to detect changes in solvent type, temperature, and pH, promising great potential for sensing applications in micro-fluidic devices. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 Duke Univ, Dept Mech Engn & Mat Sci, Durham, NC 27708 USA. Duke Univ, Ctr Biol Inspired Mat & Mat Syst, Durham, NC USA. Army Res Off, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Zauscher, S (reprint author), Duke Univ, Dept Mech Engn & Mat Sci, 144 Hudson Hall,Box 90300, Durham, NC 27708 USA. EM zauscher@duke.edu RI Zauscher, Stefan/C-3947-2008 NR 42 TC 97 Z9 98 U1 4 U2 30 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE SA PI LAUSANNE PA PO BOX 564, 1001 LAUSANNE, SWITZERLAND SN 0925-4005 J9 SENSOR ACTUAT B-CHEM JI Sens. Actuator B-Chem. PD MAR 30 PY 2006 VL 114 IS 1 BP 371 EP 378 DI 10.1016/j.snb.2005.06.003 PG 8 WC Chemistry, Analytical; Electrochemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Instruments & Instrumentation GA 021TS UT WOS:000236009300050 ER PT J AU Hooper, JW Custer, DM Smith, J Wahl-Jensen, V AF Hooper, JW Custer, DM Smith, J Wahl-Jensen, V TI Hantaan/Andes virus DNA vaccine elicits a broadly cross-reactive neutralizing antibody response in nonhuman primates SO VIROLOGY LA English DT Article DE hantavirus; DNA vaccine; Hantaan virus; Andes virus; neutralizing antibodies ID HANTAVIRUS CARDIOPULMONARY SYNDROME; HUMORAL IMMUNE-RESPONSES; HEMORRHAGIC-FEVER; PULMONARY SYNDROME; RENAL SYNDROME; PROTEINS; ANDES; GENE; GLYCOPROTEINS; INDUCTION AB At least four hantavirus species cause disease with prominent renal involvement-hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS); and several hantavirus strains cause disease with significant pulmonary involvement-hantavirus pulmonary syndrome (HPS). The most prevalent and lethal hantaviruses associated with HFRS and HPS are Hantaan virus (HTNV) and Andes virus (ANDV), respectively. Here, we constructed a DNA vaccine plasmid (pWRG/HA-M) that contains both the HTNV and ANDV M gene segments. Rhesus macaques vaccinated with pWRG/HA-M produced antibodies that bound the M gene products (i.e., G1 and G2 glycoproteins), and neutralized both HTNV and ANDV. Neutralizing antibody titers elicited by the dual-immunogen pWRG/HA-M, or single-immunogen plasmids expressing only the HTNV or ANDV glycoproteins, increased rapidly to high levels after a booster vaccination administered 1-2 years after the initial vaccination series. Memory responses elicited by this long-range boost exhibited an increased breadth of cross-neutralizing activity relative to the primary response. This is the first time that hantavirus M gene-based DNA vaccines have been shown to elicit a potent memory response, and to elicit antibody responses that neutralize viruses that cause both HFRS and HPS. Published by Elsevier Inc. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Dept Mol Virol, Div Virol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Hooper, JW (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Dept Mol Virol, Div Virol, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM Jay.Hooper@amedd.army.mil OI Hooper, Jay/0000-0002-4475-0415 NR 24 TC 35 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 2 PU ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE PI SAN DIEGO PA 525 B ST, STE 1900, SAN DIEGO, CA 92101-4495 USA SN 0042-6822 J9 VIROLOGY JI Virology PD MAR 30 PY 2006 VL 347 IS 1 BP 208 EP 216 DI 10.1016/j.virol.2005.11.035 PG 9 WC Virology SC Virology GA 029BA UT WOS:000236531600020 PM 16378630 ER PT J AU Muehlenbein, MP Cogswell, FB James, MA Koterski, J Ludwig, GV AF Muehlenbein, Michael P. Cogswell, Frank B. James, Mark A. Koterski, James Ludwig, George V. TI Testosterone correlates with Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus infection in macaques SO VIROLOGY JOURNAL LA English DT Article ID IMMUNOCOMPETENCE-HANDICAP; SEX-HORMONES; BALB/C MICE; STEROIDOGENESIS; MODULATION; PROTECTION; RECEPTOR; DISEASE; AEROSOL; VACCINE AB Here we briefly report testosterone and cytokine responses to Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus ( VEEV) in macaques which were used as part of a larger study conducted by the Department of Defense to better characterize pathological responses to aerosolized VEEV in non-human primates. Serial samples were collected and analyzed for testosterone and cytokines prior to and during infection in 8 captive male macaques. Infected animals exhibited a febrile response with few significant changes in cytokine levels. Baseline testosterone levels were positively associated with viremia following exposure and were significantly higher than levels obtained during infection. Such findings suggest that disease-induced androgen suppression is a reasonable area for future study. Decreased androgen levels during physiological perturbations may function, in part, to prevent immunosuppression by high testosterone levels and to prevent the use of energetic resources for metabolically-expensive anabolic functions. C1 Univ Wisconsin, Dept Anthropol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. Tulane Natl Primate Res Ctr, Dept Bacteriol & Parasitol, Covington, LA USA. Tulane Univ, Sch Publ Hlth & Trop Med, Dept Trop Med, New Orleans, LA 70118 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Diagnost Syst Div, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Muehlenbein, MP (reprint author), Univ Wisconsin, Dept Anthropol, Madison, WI 53706 USA. EM mpm1@uwm.edu; cogswell@tpc.tulane.edu; mjames@tulane.edu; James.Koterski@amedd.army.mil; George.Ludwig@amedd.army.mil NR 23 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 1 PU BIOMED CENTRAL LTD PI LONDON PA 236 GRAYS INN RD, FLOOR 6, LONDON WC1X 8HL, ENGLAND SN 1743-422X J9 VIROL J JI Virol. J. PD MAR 29 PY 2006 VL 3 AR 19 DI 10.1186/1743-422X-3-19 PG 5 WC Virology SC Virology GA 182HL UT WOS:000247495600003 PM 16571136 ER PT J AU Caillard, S Agodoa, LY Bohen, EM Abbott, KC AF Caillard, S Agodoa, LY Bohen, EM Abbott, KC TI Mveloma, Hodgkin disease, and lymphoid leukemia after renal transplantation: Characteristics, risk factors and prognosis SO TRANSPLANTATION LA English DT Article DE posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorders; immunosuppression; USRDS; Hodgkin disease; myeloma; lymphoid leukemia; non-Hodgkin's lymphoma; hepatitis C virus ID HEPATITIS-C VIRUS; EPSTEIN-BARR-VIRUS; POSTTRANSPLANT LYMPHOPROLIFERATIVE DISORDER; PLASMA-CELL MYELOMA; INFECTION; RECIPIENT; IMMUNOSUPPRESSION; MALIGNANCIES; CANCER; HCV AB Background. Hodgkin disease and myeloma were recently included in the classification of posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorder (PTLD). However, because their incidence is low, not much is known about their particular features. Methods. The incidence, characteristics, risk, and prognostic factors of myeloma, Hodgkin disease, and lymphoid leukemia using the United States Renal Data System from 1991 to 2000 among 66,159 Medicare patients were analyzed. Results. In all, 1,169 recipients developed a lymphoid disease: 823 (1.2%) non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHL), 160 (0.24%) myelomas, 60 (0.1%) Hodgkin lymphomas, and 126 (0.2%) lymphoid leukemias. Older age was associated with an increased risk of myeloma and leukemia. The incidence of hepatitis C virus infection was higher in recipients with myeloma (6.9 vs. 3.9%, P=0.05). Induction therapy was associated with a greater risk of myeloma and leukemia, but not Hodgkin disease. Azathioprine was associated with a lower risk of myeloma, and tacrolimus with a lower risk of Hodgkin disease. According to the type of malignancy, ten-year survival rates were significantly different: 42, 26, 55 and 39% respectively for NHL, myeloma, Hodgkin disease, and leukemia. Conclusion. These results support specific features and risk factors related to the occurrence of each type of lymphoid-proliferation and suggest for the first time a possible association between hepatitis C virus and myeloma in kidney transplant recipients. C1 Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Nephrol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. Uniformed Serv Univ Hlth Sci, Bethesda, MD 20814 USA. NIDDKD, NIH, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. RP Abbott, KC (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Med Ctr, Serv Nephrol, Washington, DC 20307 USA. EM kevin.abbott@na.amedd.army.mil NR 30 TC 58 Z9 61 U1 0 U2 0 PU LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS PI PHILADELPHIA PA 530 WALNUT ST, PHILADELPHIA, PA 19106-3621 USA SN 0041-1337 J9 TRANSPLANTATION JI Transplantation PD MAR 27 PY 2006 VL 81 IS 6 BP 888 EP 895 DI 10.1097/01.tp.0000203554.54242.56 PG 8 WC Immunology; Surgery; Transplantation SC Immunology; Surgery; Transplantation GA 027UK UT WOS:000236440900013 PM 16570013 ER PT J AU Costanzo, PJ Beyer, FL AF Costanzo, Philip J. Beyer, Frederick L. TI Thermo-responsive thin films based upon Diels-Alder chemistry and block copolymer phase separation SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 231st National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 26-30, 2006 CL Atlanta, GA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 USA, Weap & Multifunct Mat Branch, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. USA, AMSRL, WMMA, Res Lab, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. EM philip.costanzo@us.army.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 26 PY 2006 VL 231 MA 72-PMSE PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 050YE UT WOS:000238125909071 ER PT J AU Epolito, WJ Bottomley, LA Pavlostathis, SG AF Epolito, William J. Bottomley, Lawrence A. Pavlostathis, Spyros G. TI Reaction kinetics and mechanism of zero-valent iron reductive transformation of the anthraquinone dye Reactive Blue 4 SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 231st National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 26-30, 2006 CL Atlanta, GA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 US Mil Acad, Dept Geog & Environm Engn, West Point, NY 10996 USA. Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Chem & Biochem, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. Georgia Inst Technol, Sch Civil & Environm Engn, Atlanta, GA 30332 USA. EM william.epolito@us.army.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 2 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 26 PY 2006 VL 231 MA 235-ENVR PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 050YE UT WOS:000238125904234 ER PT J AU Gu, ZF Januszkiewicz, AJ Atkin, TJ Morthole, VI Coleman, GD AF Gu, Zengfa Januszkiewicz, Adolph J. Atkin, Thelda J. Morthole, Venee I. Coleman, Gary D. TI Lung injury resulting from brief inhalation of high concentration nitrogen dioxide in awake rats SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 231st National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 26-30, 2006 CL Atlanta, GA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Resp Res, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Pathol, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM zengfa.gu@na.amedd.army.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 26 PY 2006 VL 231 MA 135-INOR PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 050YE UT WOS:000238125905134 ER PT J AU Lee, IC AF Lee, Ivan C. TI Hydrogen production from jet fuel for fuel cell applications SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 231st National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 26-30, 2006 CL Atlanta, GA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 USA, Res Lab, Sensors & Electron Devices Directorate, AMSRD,ARL,SE,DC, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Lee, IC (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Sensors & Electron Devices Directorate, AMSRD,ARL,SE,DC, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM ilee@arl.army.mil NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 26 PY 2006 VL 231 MA 104-PETR PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 050YE UT WOS:000238125908103 ER PT J AU MacNeil, A Labare, MP Kracht, L Butkus, MA AF MacNeil, Audra Labare, Michael P. Kracht, Lindsey Butkus, Michael A. TI Combined effects of silver ions, UV radiation and/or high pressure on Bacillus subtilis spores SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 231st National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 26-30, 2006 CL Atlanta, GA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 US Mil Acad, Dept Chem & Life Sci, West Point, NY 10996 USA. US Mil Acad, Dept Geog & Environm Engn, West Point, NY 10996 USA. EM Michael.Labare@usma.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 1 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 26 PY 2006 VL 231 MA 819-CHED PG 1 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 050YE UT WOS:000238125902141 ER PT J AU Michealson, E Miller, N Butkus, MA Bays, JT Snyder-Leiby, T Labare, MP AF Michealson, Elizabeth Miller, Nicole Butkus, Michael A. Bays, John T. Snyder-Leiby, Teresa Labare, Michael P. TI Growth inhibition of the deep-sea bacterium, 9NA by exposure to elevated levels of carbon dioxide SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 231st National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 26-30, 2006 CL Atlanta, GA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 US Mil Acad, Dept Chem & Life Sci, West Point, NY 10996 USA. US Mil Acad, Dept Geog & Environm Engn, Savannah, GA 31419 USA. SUNY Albany, Dept Biol, New Paltz, NY 12561 USA. Pacific NW Natl Lab, Richland, WA USA. EM Michael.Labare@usma.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 26 PY 2006 VL 231 MA 834-CHED PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 050YE UT WOS:000238125902156 ER PT J AU Wiacek, RJ Bjerke, AE Bays, JT Champion, RD Shoulders, M Fryxell, GE Addleman, RS AF Wiacek, Robert J. Bjerke, Amy E. Bays, J. Timothy Champion, Richard D. Shoulders, Matthew Fryxell, Glen E. Addleman, R. Shane TI Luminescent detection of chemical agents with europium functionalized mesoporous silica SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 231st National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 26-30, 2006 CL Atlanta, GA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Pacific NW Natl Lab, Austin, TX 78712 USA. US Mil Acad, Dept Chem & Life Sci, West Point, NY 10996 USA. EM robert.wiacek@pnl.gov NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 26 PY 2006 VL 231 MA 24-IEC PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 050YE UT WOS:000238125904608 ER PT J AU Williams, DJ Bevilacqua, VLH Creasy, WR Brevett, CAS McGarvey, DJ Rice, JS McKinney, BJ Mitra, A Atwood, DA Durst, HD AF Williams, Daniel J. Bevilacqua, Vicky L. H. Creasy, William R. Brevett, Carol A. S. McGarvey, David J. Rice, Jeffrey S. McKinney, Bradley J. Mitra, Amitabha Atwood, David A. Durst, H. D. TI Aqueous alum as a green method of chemical warfare agent destruction SO ABSTRACTS OF PAPERS OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY LA English DT Meeting Abstract CT 231st National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society CY MAR 26-30, 2006 CL Atlanta, GA SP Amer Chem Soc C1 Kennesaw State Univ, Dept Chem & Biochem, Kennesaw, GA 30144 USA. USA, Englewood Chem Biol Ctr, Englewood, CO USA. SAIC Inc, San Diego, CA 92121 USA. Univ Kentucky, Dept Chem, Lexington, KY 40506 USA. EM dwilliam@kennesaw.edu NR 0 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0065-7727 J9 ABSTR PAP AM CHEM S JI Abstr. Pap. Am. Chem. Soc. PD MAR 26 PY 2006 VL 231 MA 25-IEC PG 2 WC Chemistry, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry GA 050YE UT WOS:000238125904609 ER PT J AU Little, SF Ivins, BE Webster, WM Fellows, PF Pitt, MLM Norris, SLW Andrews, GP AF Little, SF Ivins, BE Webster, WM Fellows, PF Pitt, MLM Norris, SLW Andrews, GP TI Duration of protection of rabbits after vaccination with Bacillus anthracis recombinant protective antigen vaccine SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE anthrax; rPA vaccine; immunity ID INHALATION ANTHRAX; IMMUNOGENICITY; PATHOLOGY; TOXIN; CORRELATE; IMMUNITY; STRAIN AB Long-term protection of rabbits that had been vaccinated with two doses of a recombinant protective antigen (rPA) vaccine was examined against an aerosol spore challenge with the Ames isolate of Bacillus anthracis at 6 and 12 months. At 6 months after the primary injection, survival was 74.1% (20/27) with quantitative ELISA titer of 22.3 mu g of anti-rPA IgG per millilitre and toxin neutralizing antibody (TNA) assay titer of 332. At 12 months after the primary injection, only 37.5% (9/24) of the rabbits were protected with quantitative ELISA titer of 19.8 mu g of anti-rPA IgG per millilitre and TNA assay titer of 286. There was a significant loss of protection (p = 0.0117) and a significant difference in survival curves (p = 0.0157) between the 6- and 12-month groups. When ELISA or TNA assay titer, gender, and challenge dose were entered into a forward logistic regression model, week 26 ELISA titer (p = 0.0236) and week 13 TNA assay titer (p = 0.0147) for the 6-month group, and week 26 ELISA titer (p = 0.0326) and week 8 TNA assay titer (p = 0.0190) for the 12-month group, were significant predictors of survival. Neither gender nor challenge dose were identified as having a statistically significant effect on survival. Booster vaccinations with rPA may be required for the long-term protection of rabbits against anthrax. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Bacteriol Div, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Ctr Aerobiol Sci, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Goldbert Raven LLC, Res Plans & Programs Off, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. RP Little, SF (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, Bacteriol Div, 1425 Porter St, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM stephen.little@amedd.army.mil NR 23 TC 37 Z9 37 U1 0 U2 4 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD MAR 24 PY 2006 VL 24 IS 14 BP 2530 EP 2536 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2005.12.028 PG 7 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 025IU UT WOS:000236259900010 PM 16417950 ER PT J AU McKenna, MH Herrin, ET AF McKenna, MH Herrin, ET TI Validation of infrasonic waveform modeling using observations of the STS107 failure upon reentry SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article AB [ 1] On February 1, 2003, the space shuttle Columbia disintegrated over Texas. Recorded at the TXIAR seismoacoustic array, the signal consisted of multiple arrivals from a single explosive event. The location of the explosion was estimated from the telemetered travel path recorded by NASA. The location in space and time was combined with atmospheric profiles generated by NRL- G2S and MSIS- 90/ HWM for the given day and model the observed waveform using InfraMAP. The normal mode modeled waveform closely resembled the observed waveform, with multiple arrival peaks spanning the same time period found in the observation, as well as having only a three- second difference between last peak times. This translates to 0.33% error in total travel time. A ray trace eigenray was found with a travel time consistent with the observed arrival packet. C1 USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. So Methodist Univ, Dept Geol Sci, Dallas, TX 75205 USA. RP McKenna, MH (reprint author), USA, Engineer Res & Dev Ctr, 3909 Halls Ferry Rd, Vicksburg, MS 39180 USA. EM mihan.h.mckenna@usace.erdc.army.mil; herrin@smu.edu NR 9 TC 2 Z9 2 U1 0 U2 0 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD MAR 23 PY 2006 VL 33 IS 6 AR L06811 DI 10.1029/2005GL024801 PG 4 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 026NE UT WOS:000236344900003 ER PT J AU Agrawal, PM Rice, BM Zheng, LQ Velardez, GF Thompson, DL AF Agrawal, PM Rice, BM Zheng, LQ Velardez, GF Thompson, DL TI Molecular dynamics simulations of the melting of 1,3,3-trinitroazetidine SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY B LA English DT Article ID CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; AMMONIUM-NITRATE; PURE THEORY; LIQUID; NITROMETHANE; CURVE; RDX AB Physical properties of condensed-phase 1,3,3-trinitroazetidine (TNAZ) have been computed with molecular dynamics (MID) and a nonreactive, fully flexible force field formulated by combining the intramolecular interactions obtained from the Generalized AMBER Force Field and the rigid-molecule force field developed by Sorescu-Rice-Thompson [J. Phys. Chem. B 1997, 101, 798] (AMBER-SRT). The results are compared with MD calculations, using the AMBER force field. The predicted densities of crystalline TNAZ from both force fields are about 10% lower than the experimental value. The calculated thermodynamic melting point at 1 atm from the AMBER-SRT force field is 390 K, in good agreement with the measured value of 374 K, while the AMBER force field predicts a thermodynamic melting point of 462 K. The lattice parameters and ,the molecular and crystal structures calculated with the AMBER-SRT force field are in excellent agreement with experiment. Simulations with the AMBER-SRT force field were also used to generate the isotherm of TNAZ up to 4 GPa and the bulk modulus and its pressure derivative. C1 Oklahoma State Univ, Dept Chem, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA. USA, Res Lab, AMSRL, WM BD,Weapons & Mat Res Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. Univ Missouri, Dept Chem, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. RP Thompson, DL (reprint author), Univ Missouri, Dept Chem, Columbia, MO 65211 USA. RI Zheng, Lianqing/B-4171-2008 NR 30 TC 24 Z9 25 U1 1 U2 12 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1520-6106 J9 J PHYS CHEM B JI J. Phys. Chem. B PD MAR 23 PY 2006 VL 110 IS 11 BP 5721 EP 5726 DI 10.1021/jp056690g PG 6 WC Chemistry, Physical SC Chemistry GA 025VF UT WOS:000236294300078 PM 16539517 ER PT J AU Oaks, EV Turbyfill, KR AF Oaks, EV Turbyfill, KR TI Development and evaluation of a Shigella flexneri 2a and S-sonnei bivalent invasin complex (Invaplex) vaccine SO VACCINE LA English DT Article DE S. flexneri; S. sonnei; bivalent; invasin complex; Ipa; LPS ID A STREPTOCOCCAL VACCINE; LIPOPOLYSACCHARIDE VACCINES; PROTECTIVE EFFICACY; ANTIBODY-RESPONSES; ORAL IMMUNIZATION; CONJUGATE VACCINE; IMMUNE-RESPONSE; HEALTHY-ADULTS; RHESUS-MONKEYS; ANIMAL-MODEL AB Over 160 million cases of shigellosis occur annually worldwide, with the two most prevalent species being Shigella flexneri and S. sonnei. Protective immunity against Shigella infection is primarily directed at the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of the homologous serotype, so it may be necessary to combine monovalent vaccines for multiple Shigella serotypes to construct a multivalent vaccine against predominant serotypes. Recently, we described a subcellular vaccine isolated from virulent S. flexneri, consisting of proteins including the invasins IpaB and IpaC and LPS, that protected mice and guinea pigs from homologous challenge. In the present study, a bivalent Invaplex vaccine consisting of S. flexneri 2a and S. sonnei Invaplex was used to intranasally immunize mice and guinea pigs to determine the bivalent vaccine's immunogenicity and protective capacity against challenge with either strain, Mice and guinea pigs immunized with the bivalent S. flexneri 2a/S. sonnei Invaplex vaccine produced serum IgA and IgG antibodies to S. flexneri LPS, S. sonnei LPS, the homologous Invaplex and the water extract antigens (invasins) as determined by ELISA. The immune responses in animals immunized with the bivalent vaccine were similar to responses in animals immunized with the monovatent Invaplex vaccines. Mice and guinea pigs immunized with the bivalent vaccine were protected from a lethal lung challenge (mice, P < 0.001) or severe keratoconjunctivitis (guinea pigs, P <= 0.002) after challenge with either S. flexneri 2a or S. sonnei. Animals immunized with monovalent Invaplex vaccines were protected (P < 0.001) against the homologous agent at levels comparable to the bivalent vaccine. After challenge, immunized animals demonstrated boosts in antibody titers to LPS, water extract antigens and Invaplex. These studies indicate that the subcellular Invaplex vaccine will be readily adaptable to a multivalent vaccine approach for shigellosis. Published by Elsevier Ltd. C1 Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Enter Infect, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. RP Oaks, EV (reprint author), Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Dept Enter Infect, 503 Robert Grant Ave, Silver Spring, MD 20910 USA. EM edwin.oaks@na.amedd.army.mil NR 41 TC 34 Z9 35 U1 0 U2 1 PU ELSEVIER SCI LTD PI OXFORD PA THE BOULEVARD, LANGFORD LANE, KIDLINGTON, OXFORD OX5 1GB, OXON, ENGLAND SN 0264-410X J9 VACCINE JI Vaccine PD MAR 20 PY 2006 VL 24 IS 13 BP 2290 EP 2301 DI 10.1016/j.vaccine.2005.11.040 PG 12 WC Immunology; Medicine, Research & Experimental SC Immunology; Research & Experimental Medicine GA 025IT UT WOS:000236259800010 PM 16364513 ER PT J AU Ciezak, JA Leao, JB AF Ciezak, JA Leao, JB TI Structural and vibrational characterization of tetracyanoethylene-hexamethylbenzene as a function of pressure SO JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY A LA English DT Article ID INELASTIC NEUTRON-SCATTERING; CHARGE-TRANSFER COMPLEXES; DONOR-ACCEPTOR COMPLEX; ELECTRONIC-STRUCTURE CALCULATIONS; RESONANCE RAMAN-SPECTRA; IONIC PHASE-TRANSITION; AB-INITIO; MOLECULAR-COMPLEXES; INFRARED-SPECTRA; TCNE COMPLEXES AB The neutron powder diffraction and inelastic neutron scattering (INS) spectra of the electron donor-acceptor complex, tetracyanoethylene-hexamethylbenzene have been studied as a function of pressure to 0.414 GPa. Using the PW91 and PBE density functional theories, the unit cell vectors were calculated as a function of pressure and are compared to those experimentally obtained from the diffraction data. The calculated lattice vectors display large errors at low pressures but were found to be in close agreement with the experimental vectors at 0.414 GPa. Comparison of the experimental INS spectra of the TCNE-HMB enabled assignment of specific vibrational modes while providing a direct measurement of the effect of pressure on the complex. The PW91 vibrational frequency calculations reproduced both the vibrational intensities and frequencies with relative accuracy. C1 Natl Inst Stand & Technol, NIST Ctr Neutron Res, Bethesda, MD 20892 USA. USA, Res Lab, Weapons & Mat Res Directorate, Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD 21005 USA. RP Ciezak, JA (reprint author), 100 Bur Dr,MS 8562, Gaithersburg, MD 20899 USA. EM jciezak@arl.army.mil NR 58 TC 3 Z9 3 U1 0 U2 9 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 1089-5639 J9 J PHYS CHEM A JI J. Phys. Chem. A PD MAR 16 PY 2006 VL 110 IS 10 BP 3759 EP 3769 DI 10.1021/jp056351n PG 11 WC Chemistry, Physical; Physics, Atomic, Molecular & Chemical SC Chemistry; Physics GA 022SV UT WOS:000236077000050 PM 16526660 ER PT J AU Liu, MC Akle, V Zheng, W Dave, JR Tortella, FC Hayes, RL Wang, KKW AF Liu, MC Akle, V Zheng, W Dave, JR Tortella, FC Hayes, RL Wang, KKW TI Comparing calpain- and caspase-3-mediated degradation patterns in traumatic brain injury by differential proteome analysis SO BIOCHEMICAL JOURNAL LA English DT Article DE calpain; caspase; degradome; high throughput immunoblotting (HTPI); proteomics; traumatic brain injury (TBI) ID FOCAL CEREBRAL-ISCHEMIA; II-SPECTRIN; PROTEOLYSIS; EXPRESSION; PROTEINS; CASPASE; CELLS; DEGRADOMICS; INHIBITION; CHALLENGE AB A major theme of TBI (traumatic brain injury) pathology is the over-activation of multiple proteases. We have previously shown that calpain-1 and -2, and caspase-3 simultaneously produced alpha II-spectrin BDPs (breakdown products) following TBI. In the present study, we attempted to identify a comprehensive set of protease substrates (degradome) for calpains and caspase-3. We further hypothesized that the TBI differential proteome is I likely to overlap significantly with the calpain- and caspase-3-degradomes. Using a novel HTPI (high throughput immunoblotting) approach and 1000 monoclonal antibodies (PowerB lot(TM)), we compared rat hippocampal lysates from 4 treatment groups: (i) naive, (ii) TBI (48 h after controlled cortical impact), (iii) in vitro calpain-2 digestion and (iv) in vitro caspase-3 digestion. In total, we identified 54 and 38 proteins that were vulnerable to calpain-2 and caspase-3 proteolysis respectively. In addition, the expression of 48 proteins was down-regulated following TBI, whereas that of only 9 was up-regulated. Among the proteins down-regulated in TBI, 42 of them overlapped with the calpain-2 and/or caspase-3 degradomes, suggesting that they might be proteolytic targets after TBI. We further confirmed several novel TBI-linked proteolytic substrates, including beta II-spectrin, striatin, synaptotagmin-1, synaptojanin-1 and NSF (N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive fusion protein) by traditional immunoblotting. In summary, we demonstrated that HTPI is a novel and powerful method for studying proteolytic pathways in vivo and in vitro. C1 Univ Florida, McKnight Brain Inst, Dept Psychiat, Ctr Neuroproteom & Biomarkers Res, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA. Univ Florida, McKnight Brain Inst, Dept Neurosci, Ctr Traumat Brain Injury Studies, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA. Walter Reed Army Inst Res, Div Neurosci, Dept Neuropharmacol & Mol Biol, Silver Spring, MD USA. Banyan Biomarkers Inc, Alachua, FL 32615 USA. RP Wang, KKW (reprint author), Univ Florida, McKnight Brain Inst, Dept Psychiat, Ctr Neuroproteom & Biomarkers Res, POB 100256, Gainesville, FL 32610 USA. EM kwang1@ufl.edu RI Dave, Jitendra/A-8940-2011; OI Wang, Kevin/0000-0002-9343-6473 FU NINDS NIH HHS [R01 NS049175-01 A1, R01 NS049175] NR 29 TC 60 Z9 64 U1 1 U2 1 PU PORTLAND PRESS LTD PI LONDON PA THIRD FLOOR, EAGLE HOUSE, 16 PROCTER STREET, LONDON WC1V 6 NX, ENGLAND SN 0264-6021 J9 BIOCHEM J JI Biochem. J. PD MAR 15 PY 2006 VL 394 BP 715 EP 725 DI 10.1042/BJ20050905 PN 3 PG 11 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 023OV UT WOS:000236137000020 PM 16351572 ER PT J AU Lever, JH Ray, LR Streeter, A Price, A AF Lever, JH Ray, LR Streeter, A Price, A TI Solar power for an Antarctic rover SO HYDROLOGICAL PROCESSES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 62nd Eastern Snow Conference (ESC) CY JUN 07-10, 2005 CL Waterloo, CANADA DE robotic vehicle; solar irradiance; albedo; over-snow mobility; rolling resistance AB Sensors mounted on mobile robots Could serve a variety of science missions in Antarctica. Although weather conditions can be harsh, Antarctic snowfields offer unique conditions to facilitate long-distance robot deployment: the absence of obstacles, firm snow with high albedo, and 24 h sunlight during the summer. We have developed a four-wheel-drive, solar-powered rover that capitalizes on these advantaaes. Analyses and field measurements confirm that solar power reflected from Antarctic snow contributes 30-40% of the power available to a robot consisting of a five-side box of solar panels. Mobility analyses indicate that the 80 kg rover can move at 0.8 m s(-1) during clear sky conditions on firm snow into a 5 m s(-1) headwind, twice the speed needed to achieve the design target of 500 km in 2 weeks. Local winter tests of the chassis demonstrated good grade-climbing ability and lower than predicted rolling resistance. Tests of the completed robot occurred in Greenland in 2005. Copyright (c) 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 CRREL, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. Dartmouth Coll, Thayer Sch Engn, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. RP Lever, JH (reprint author), CRREL, 72 Lyme Rd, Hanover, NH 03755 USA. EM james.h.lever@erdc.usace.army.mil NR 23 TC 6 Z9 6 U1 0 U2 1 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0885-6087 J9 HYDROL PROCESS JI Hydrol. Process. PD MAR 15 PY 2006 VL 20 IS 4 BP 629 EP 644 DI 10.1002/hyp.6121 PG 16 WC Water Resources SC Water Resources GA 026IK UT WOS:000236332400002 ER PT J AU Tedesco, M Kim, EJ Cline, D Graf, T Koike, T Armstrong, R Brodzik, MJ Hardy, J AF Tedesco, M Kim, EJ Cline, D Graf, T Koike, T Armstrong, R Brodzik, MJ Hardy, J TI Comparison of local scale measured and modelled brightness temperatures and snow parameters from the CLPX 2003 by means of a dense medium radiative transfer theory model SO HYDROLOGICAL PROCESSES LA English DT Article; Proceedings Paper CT 62nd Eastern Snow Conference (ESC) CY JUN 07-10, 2005 CL Waterloo, CANADA DE snow; microwave remote sensing; DMRT; CLPX ID PAIR DISTRIBUTION-FUNCTIONS; ICE AB Some 27 years of passive microwave satellite observations have demonstrated the value of remote sensing for cryospheric applications, albeit at regional to hemispheric scales due to the relatively large sensor footprints (e.g. similar to 25 km x 25 km for the advanced microwave scanning radiometer). At the other extreme there is the primarily local-scale in situ experience of the snow community. Until higher-resolution sensors become available, understanding the effects of sub-pixel heterogeneity and the downscaling of observations remains an important topic. In order to provide a baseline for performing scaling studies and for future radiance-based hydrological assimilation schemes, an evaluation of snowpack forward radiance modelling at the plot scale (least heterogeneous scale) is carfied out. Snow microwave radiance models based on dense medium radiative transfer (DMRT) theory incorporate a high degree of physical fidelity, yet dense medium models are particularly sensitive to snowpack structural parameters such as grain size, density, and depth (parameters that may vary substantially within a snowpack). The DMRT performance is evaluated through the use of a fitting technique with respect to snow grain size, a hydrologically important parameter related to the total amount of melt water stored in a snowpack, snowpack metamorphism, vertical energy transport and melt dynamics, as well as various quantities useful in surface energy balance studies. All remaining snow input parameters to the model are derived from snow pit measurements. Model-predicted radiances are evaluated using microwave brightness measurements collected during the NASA Cold Land Process Experiment (CLPX) by the University of Tokyo's Ground-Based Microwave Radiometer-7 (GBMR-7) system at 18.7, 36.5, and 89 GHz, with incidence angles ranging from 30 to 70 degrees. The detailed CLPX microwave and snow data provide an excellent opportunity to gain insight into the strengths and weaknesses of this approach. Copyright (c) 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. C1 NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Dept Civil Engn, GEST, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Lab Hydrospher & Biospher Sci Proc, Greenbelt, MD USA. NOAA, Natl Weather Serv, Natl Operat Hydrol Remote Sensing Ctr, Chanhassen, MN USA. Univ Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan. Univ Colorado, Natl Snow & Ice Data Ctr, Boulder, CO USA. USACE, Cold Reg Res & Engn Lab, Hanover, NH USA. RP Tedesco, M (reprint author), NASA, Goddard Space Flight Ctr, Dept Civil Engn, GEST, Mailstop 614-6, Greenbelt, MD 20771 USA. EM mtedesco@umbc.edu RI Tedesco, Marco/F-7986-2015 NR 14 TC 19 Z9 19 U1 0 U2 8 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS LTD PI CHICHESTER PA THE ATRIUM, SOUTHERN GATE, CHICHESTER PO19 8SQ, W SUSSEX, ENGLAND SN 0885-6087 J9 HYDROL PROCESS JI Hydrol. Process. PD MAR 15 PY 2006 VL 20 IS 4 BP 657 EP 672 DI 10.1002/hyp.6129 PG 16 WC Water Resources SC Water Resources GA 026IK UT WOS:000236332400004 ER PT J AU Alston, WB Scheiman, DA Sivko, GS AF Alston, WB Scheiman, DA Sivko, GS TI A comparison study: The new extended shelf life isopropyl ester PMR technology versus the traditional methyl ester PMR approach SO JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE LA English DT Article DE polyimide composites; high performance polymers; composite thermal oxidative properties; PMR II-50 and VCAP-75; solution and prepreg shelf life ID RESIN AB Polymerization of monomeric reactants (PMR) monomer solutions and carbon cloth prepregs of PMR II-50 and VCAP-75 were prepared using both the traditional limited shelf life methanol based PMR approach and a novel extended shelf life isopropanol based PMR approach. The methyl ester and isopropyl ester based PMR monomer solutions and PMR prepregs were aged for up to 4 years at freezer and room temperatures. The aging products formed were monitored using high pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC). The composite processing flow characteristics and volatile contents of the aged prepregs were correlated versus room temperature storage time. Composite processing cycles were developed and six-ply cloth laminates were fabricated with prepregs after various extended room temperature storage times. The composites were then evaluated for glass transition temperature (T-g), thermal decomposition temperature (T-d), initial flexural strength (FS), and modulus (FM), long term (1000 h at 316 degrees C) thermal oxidative stability (TOS), and retention of FS and FM after 1000 h aging at 316 degrees C. The results for each ester system were comparable. Freezer storage was found to prevent the formation of aging products for both ester systems. Room temperature storage of the novel isopropyl ester system increased PMR monomer solution and PMR prepreg shelf life by at least an order of magnitude, while maintaining composite thermal and mechanical properties. (c) 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. C1 NASA, Glenn Res Ctr, VTD, USA Res Lab ARL, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA. NASA, Lewis Res Ctr, QSS Grp Inc, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA. NASA, Lewis Res Ctr, Ohio Aerosp Inst, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA. RP Alston, WB (reprint author), NASA, Glenn Res Ctr, VTD, USA Res Lab ARL, 2100 Brookpk Rd, Cleveland, OH 44135 USA. EM william.b.alston@grc.nasa.gov; daniel.a.scheiman@grc.nasa.gov NR 19 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 1 U2 3 PU JOHN WILEY & SONS INC PI HOBOKEN PA 111 RIVER ST, HOBOKEN, NJ 07030 USA SN 0021-8995 J9 J APPL POLYM SCI JI J. Appl. Polym. Sci. PD MAR 15 PY 2006 VL 99 IS 6 BP 3549 EP 3564 DI 10.1002/app.22925 PG 16 WC Polymer Science SC Polymer Science GA 012MO UT WOS:000235343500088 ER PT J AU Burgess, EB AF Burgess, EB TI Overthrow: America's century of regime change from Hawaii to Iraq. SO LIBRARY JOURNAL LA English DT Book Review C1 USA, Combines Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. RP Burgess, EB (reprint author), USA, Combines Arms Res Lib, Ft Leavenworth, KS USA. NR 1 TC 0 Z9 0 U1 0 U2 0 PU BOWKER MAGAZINE GROUP CAHNERS MAGAZINE DIVISION PI NEW YORK PA 249 W 17TH ST, NEW YORK, NY 10011 USA SN 0363-0277 J9 LIBR J JI Libr. J. PD MAR 15 PY 2006 VL 131 IS 5 BP 82 EP 82 PG 1 WC Information Science & Library Science SC Information Science & Library Science GA 023PJ UT WOS:000236138400141 ER PT J AU Rozak, DA Alexander, PA He, YN Chen, YH Orban, J Bryan, PN AF Rozak, DA Alexander, PA He, YN Chen, YH Orban, J Bryan, PN TI Using offset recombinant polymerase chain reaction to identify functional determinants in a common family of bacterial albumin binding domains SO BIOCHEMISTRY LA English DT Article ID STREPTOCOCCAL PROTEIN-G; HUMAN SERUM-ALBUMIN; IN-VITRO; GA MODULE; DNA; EVOLUTION; SPECIFICITY; MUTATIONS; VIRULENCE; SURFACE AB The 46 amino acid GA albumin binding module is a putative virulence factor that has been identified in 16 domains from four bacterial species. Aside from their possible effects on pathogenicity and host specificity, the natural genotypic and phenotypic variations that exist among members of this module offer unique opportunities for researchers to identify and explore functional determinants within the well-defined sequence space. We used a recently developed in vitro recombination technique, known as offset recombinant PCR, to shuffle seven homologues that encode a broad range of natural GA polymorphisms. Phage display and selection were applied to probe the recombinant library for members that showed simultaneous improvements to human and guinea pig serum albumin binding. Thermodynamic data for the most common phage-selected mutant suggest that domain-stabilizing mutations substantially improved GA binding for both species of albumin. C1 Univ Maryland, Inst Biotechnol, Ctr Adv Res Biotechnol, Rockville, MD 20850 USA. RP Rozak, DA (reprint author), USA, Med Res Inst Infect Dis, 1425 Porter St, Ft Detrick, MD 21702 USA. EM david.rozak@amedd.army.mil FU NIGMS NIH HHS [R01 GM062154, GM62154] NR 34 TC 12 Z9 12 U1 0 U2 7 PU AMER CHEMICAL SOC PI WASHINGTON PA 1155 16TH ST, NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20036 USA SN 0006-2960 J9 BIOCHEMISTRY-US JI Biochemistry PD MAR 14 PY 2006 VL 45 IS 10 BP 3263 EP 3271 DI 10.1021/bi051926s PG 9 WC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology SC Biochemistry & Molecular Biology GA 021VX UT WOS:000236015100016 PM 16519521 ER PT J AU Scafetta, N West, BJ AF Scafetta, N West, BJ TI Phenomenological solar contribution to the 1900-2000 global surface warming SO GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS LA English DT Article ID CLIMATE-CHANGE; IRRADIANCE; CYCLES AB [1] We study the role of solar forcing on global surface temperature during four periods of the industrial era (1900-2000, 1900-1950, 1950-2000 and 1980-2000) by using a sun-climate coupling model based on four scale-dependent empirical climate sensitive parameters to solar variations. We use two alternative total solar irradiance satellite composites, ACRIM and PMOD, and a total solar irradiance proxy reconstruction. We estimate that the sun contributed as much as 45-50% of the 1900-2000 global warming, and 25-35% of the 1980-2000 global warming. These results, while confirming that anthropogenic-added climate forcing might have progressively played a dominant role in climate change during the last century, also suggest that the solar impact on climate change during the same period is significantly stronger than what some theoretical models have predicted. C1 Duke Univ, Dept Phys, Durham, NC 27708 USA. USA, Res Off, Math & Informat Sci Directorate, Res Triangle Pk, NC 27709 USA. RP Scafetta, N (reprint author), Duke Univ, Dept Phys, Durham, NC 27708 USA. EM ns2002@duke.edu RI West, Bruce/E-3944-2017; OI Scafetta, Nicola/0000-0003-0967-1911 NR 19 TC 40 Z9 43 U1 0 U2 3 PU AMER GEOPHYSICAL UNION PI WASHINGTON PA 2000 FLORIDA AVE NW, WASHINGTON, DC 20009 USA SN 0094-8276 J9 GEOPHYS RES LETT JI Geophys. Res. Lett. PD MAR 9 PY 2006 VL 33 IS 5 AR L05708 DI 10.1029/2005GL025539 PG 4 WC Geosciences, Multidisciplinary SC Geology GA 025ME UT WOS:000236269600009 ER PT J AU Zhang, SS Xu, K Jow, TR AF Zhang, SS Xu, K Jow, TR TI LiBOB-based gel electrolyte Li-ion battery for high temperature operation SO JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES LA English DT Article DE lithium bis(oxalate)borate; microporous gel electrolyte; gel polymer electrolyte; polymer Li-ion battery; high temperature performance ID ACRYLONITRILE-METHYL METHACRYLATE; LITHIUM BIS(OXALATO)BORATE; PROPYLENE CARBONATE; THERMAL-STABILITY; GRAPHITE ANODE; LIPF6; CATHODE; EC/DEC; CELLS; SALT AB In this work, we evaluated the chemical compatibility of 1.0m (molality) lithium bis(oxalate)borate (LiBOB) 1: 1 (w/w) propylene carbonate (PC)/ethylene carbonate (EC) liquid electrolyte with lithium metal and spinel LiMn2O4 cathode using storage and cycling tests at high temperatures. Impedance analyses show that LiBOB and lithium are very compatible due to the formation of a stable passivation layer on the surface of lithium. Cycling tests of Li/Cu and Li/LiMn2O4 cells, respectively, show that lithium can be plated and stripped in LiBOB-based electrolyte with more than 80% cycling efficiency, and that this electrolyte can support LiMn2O4 cycling reversibly up to 60 degrees C without visible capacity loss. Using LiBOB-based liquid electrolyte and porous Kynar (R) membrane, microporous gel electrolyte (MGE) Li-ion cells were assembled and evaluated. Results show that the MGE cell presents an improved cycling performance compared with a liquid cell, especially at elevated temperatures. It is confirmed that the LiBOB-based gel electrolyte Li-ion batteries can be operated at 60 degrees C with good capacity retention. (c) 2005 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. C1 USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Zhang, SS (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM szhang@arl.army.mil RI Zhang, Sheng/A-4456-2012 OI Zhang, Sheng/0000-0003-4435-4110 NR 17 TC 23 Z9 31 U1 4 U2 22 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-7753 J9 J POWER SOURCES JI J. Power Sources PD MAR 9 PY 2006 VL 154 IS 1 BP 276 EP 280 DI 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2005.03.196 PG 5 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA 026BD UT WOS:000236310800034 ER PT J AU Wolfenstine, J Lee, U Allen, JL AF Wolfenstine, J Lee, U Allen, JL TI Electrical conductivity and rate-capability of Li4Ti5O12 as a function of heat-treatment atmosphere SO JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES LA English DT Letter DE anode; Li-ion batteries; Li4Ti5O12; rate; conductivity ID LITHIUM-ION BATTERIES; SPINEL; ELECTRODES; ELECTROCHEMISTRY; OXIDES; CELLS C1 USA, Res Lab, AMSRD, ARL,SEDE, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. RP Wolfenstine, J (reprint author), USA, Res Lab, AMSRD, ARL,SEDE, 2800 Powder Mill Rd, Adelphi, MD 20783 USA. EM jwolfenstine@arl.army.mil NR 16 TC 61 Z9 69 U1 6 U2 37 PU ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV PI AMSTERDAM PA PO BOX 211, 1000 AE AMSTERDAM, NETHERLANDS SN 0378-7753 J9 J POWER SOURCES JI J. Power Sources PD MAR 9 PY 2006 VL 154 IS 1 BP 287 EP 289 DI 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2005.12.044 PG 3 WC Chemistry, Physical; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary SC Chemistry; Electrochemistry; Energy & Fuels; Materials Science GA 026BD UT WOS:000236310800036 ER EF